l^lMli^^MPSmiMM^^^k^i (il) CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY GIFT OF Supt. Of Doctiments Digitized by IVIicrosoft® M Date Due CORNELL UNIVERSITY UBR ABY •3 1924 092 563 653 Mf — i '' m] F N r ej^ - §^i^^? PRINTED IN (S! NO. 23233 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® This book was digitized by Microsoft Corporation in cooperation witli Cornell University Libraries, 2007. You may use and print this copy in limited quantity for your personal purposes, but may not distribute or provide access to it (or modified or partial versions of it) for revenue-generating or other commercial purposes. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE H BUREAU OF THE CENSUS SAM. L. ROGERS, Director CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES 1914 Volume I REPORTS BY STATES WITH STATISTICS FOR PRINCIPAL CITIES AND METROPOLITAN DISTRICTS Prepared under the supervision of W. M. STEUART Chief Statistician for Manufactures WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1918 Digitized by ^jprosoft® A.Z'giold CENSUS OF MANUFACTURES: 1914. Volume I. — Reports bt States With Statistics por Principal Cities and Metropolitan Districts. 1,680 pages. Volume II. — Reports por Selected Industries and Detail Statistics for Industries by States. 950 pages. Abstract of the Census op Manufactures: 1914. 722 pages. (2) Digitized by IVIicrosoft® LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. Department of Commerce, ' Bureau of the Census, WasUngton, D. 0., August 27, 1918. Sm: I transmit herewith Volume I of the Report on Manufactures for the census of 1914. The Census of Manufactiu'es was taken in conformity with the act of Congress of March 6, 1902. The statistics were collected during the year 1915, but relate in general to the year ending December 31, 1914. The field work was done for the most part by clerks detailed from the permanent force of the bureau, and by special agents appointed expressly for the purpose of collecting statistics of manufactures, but a large number of returns were secured by correspondence. The resvdts of the manufactures census are contained in three volumes. Volume I, the present volume, contains a separate report on the manufactures of each state, each state report having previously been issuefl in bulletin form; Volume II contains special reports relating to selected industries, which also have been pub- Ushed as a series of separate bulletins; and the Abstract of the Census of Manufactures, 1914, issued as a separate volume June 22, 1917, which contains in condensed form the essential statistics collected at the census of 1914. The manuscript for North Carolina, the first state ready for pubhcation, was sent to the Government Printing Office November 6, 1916, while that for New Jersey, the last state, was sent on June 22, 1917. Owiag to the unusual demands upon the Pubhc Printer because of war work, pubhcation of the bulletins was greatly delayed, the bulletin for New Jersey not being issued until May 13, 1918. The collection and compilation of the statistics and the preparation of the text were done under the super- vision of WiUiam M. Steuart, Chief Statistician for Manufactures, prior to May 3, 1917, when he resigned to accept a position with the United States Tariff Commission, of which he is now secretary. He was succeeded by Eugene F. Hartley, imder whose supervision the report has been completed. Respectfully,"' pm,cf^> ffcr Director. To Hon. Wm. C. Redfield, Secrdary of Commerce. (3) Digitized by IVIicrosoft® EXPLANATION OF TERMS. Scope of census.— Census statistics of manafoctnr«3 are compiled primarily for the purpose of showing the absolute and relative magnitude of the d iflerent branches of industry covered and their growth or decline. Incidentally, the effort is made to present data throwing light upon character of ownership, size of establishments, and similar subjects, when use is made of the statistics for these puiposes it is imperative that due attention should be given to their limitations, particularly in connection with any attempt to derive ftom them figures purporting to show aver- age wages, cost of production, or profits. The census did not cover establishments which were idle during the entire year or whose products were valued at less than $500, or the manutocturing done in educa- tional, eleemosynary, and penal institutions. Period covered.— The returns relate to the calendar year 1914, or the business year which corresponded most nearly to that calendar year, and cover a year's opera- tions, except for establishments which began or discontinued business during the year. The establishment.— As a rule, the term "establishment" represents a single plant or factory, but in some cases it represents two or more plants which were oper- ated under a common ownership or for which one set of books of account was kept. If, however, the plants constituting an establishment as thus defined were not all located within the same city or state, separate reports were secured in order that the figures for each plant might be included in the statistics tor the city or state in which it was located. In some instances separate reports were secured for different indus- tries carried on in the same establishment. Olasslflcatlon by indnstiies.— The establishments were assigned to the several classes of industries according to their products of chief value. The products re- ported for a given industry may thus, on the one hand, include minor products very different from those covered by the class designation, and, on the other hand, may not include the total product covered by this designation, because some part of thfe product may be made in establisliments in which it is not the product of chief value. Aa a rule, the same designation is used for the industry wherever it appears, although all of the products indicated by this designation were not manufactured In the state or dty for which these statistics are presented. In some instances the wording is changed so as to more correctly describe the products represented. For a number of industries subclasses are shown which indicate more definitely the kind of products. Selected Industries.— The general tables at the end of each state give the prin- cipal facts separately for the industries of the state. A selection has been made of the lading Industries of the state for more detailed consideration. Sometimes an Industry of greater importance than some of those selected is omitted because it com- prises so few establishments that these detailed presentations would reveal the opera- tions of individual concerns. Comparisons with previous censuses. — Owing to changes in industrial condi- tions it is not always possible to classify establishments by industries in such a way as to permit accurate comparisoa with precedingcensuses. At the census of 1 909 the figures for kindred industries were combined. This practice, as a rule, has been fol- lowed in compiling the statistics of 1914 when placed in comparison with those for 1909 and prior years. The comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904, therefore, does not show separately all the industries given for 1914 in the detailed statement for the state. Influence of increased prices. — ^In comparing figures for cost of materials, value of products, and value added by manufacture in 1914 and 1909 with the correspond- ing figures lor earlier censuses, account should be taken of the general increase in the pnces of commodities during recent vears. To the extent to which this factor has Deen influential the figures &il to afford an exact measure of the increase in the vol- time of business. Persons engaged in the industry.- The following general classes of persons en- gaged In the manufacturing industries were distinguished: (1) Proprietors and firm members, (2) salaried officers of corporations, (3) superintendente and managers, (4) clerks (including other subordinate salaried employees), and (5) wage earners. In the reports for the censuses ofl904andl899 these five classes were shown according to the three main groups: (1) Proprietois and firm members, (2) salaried officials, clerks, etc., and (3) wage earners. In comparative tables covering the census of 1904 It is ofcouise necessary to group the figures according to the classification that was employed at the earlier censuses. The number of persons engaged in each industry, segregated by sex, and, in the case of wage earners, also by age (whether under 16 or 16 and over), was reported for a single represenfative day. The 15th of December was selected as representing for most industries normal conditions of employment, but where this date was not a representative day an earlier date was chosen. In the case of employees other than wage earners the number thus reported for the representative date has been treated as equivalent to the average for the year, since the number of employees of this class does not ordinarily vary much from month to month. In the case of wage earners the average has been obtained in the manner explained In the next paragraph. In addition to the more detailed report by sex and age of the number of wage earners on the representative date, a report was obtained of the number employed on the 15th of each month, without distinction of sex or age. From these figures the aver- age number of wage earners for the year has been calculated by dividmg the sum of the numbers reported for the several months by 12. The average thus obtained approximates the number of wage earners that would bo required to perform the work done if all were constantly employed during the entire year. Accordingly, the Importance of the industry as an employer of labor is believed to be more accurately measured by this average than by the number employed at any one time or on a given day. The number of wage earners reported for the representative day, though given in certain tables for each separate industry, is not totaled lor all industries combined for any state, because, in view of the variations of date^ such a total is believed not to be significant. It would involve more or less duphcation of persons working in different industries at diflereot times, would not represent the total number em- ployed in all Industries at any one time, and would give an undue weight to seasonal bdustries as compared with industries in continual operation. This total, however. Is shown for the different cities, because the limited area and greater regularity of employment largely overcame the objection incident to its publication for the sepa- rate states or the TJnited States. (4) In particular, totals by sex and age «jr the wage e»n'en.'»P?rt?? '"''H^^^ Btive^y for aU industries combined would be misleading because of the undue weight given to seasonal industries, in some of which, such as <»nnlngmd preserv- ing, the distribution of the wage eameis by sex and age is materially different from tha^ in most Industries of more regular operation. In order to determine as neatly as possible the sex and age distribution of the average number of w^e eameis for a given state as a whole, the per cent distribution by sex and age of the wage earners m each Industry for December 15, or the nearest representative day, has been calcu- lated from the actual numbeis reported for that date. The percentages thus ob- tamed have been applied to the average number of wage earners for the year In that industry to determine the average number of men, women, and children employed. These calculated averages for the several industries have been added to give the aver- age distribution for each state as a whole and for the entire country. Salaries and wages.- t) nder these heads are riven the total payments during the year for salaries and wages, respectively. The Census Bureau nas not imdertaken to calculate the average annual earnings of either salaried employees or wage eameis. Such averages would possess little real value, because they would be based on the earnings of employees of both sexes, of all ages, and of widely varying degrees of sMlL Furthermore, so far as wage earners are concerned, it would be impossible to calcu- late accurately even so simple an average as this, since the number of wage eameis fiuctuates from month to month in every industry, and in some cases to a very great extent. The Census Bureau's figures for wage earners, as already explained, are averages based on the number employed on the 16th of each month and represent the approximate number who would be required to perform the work in any indus- try it all were continuously employed during the year, whereas the actual number to whom the total wages were paid would be larger. I>ievalllng hours of labor. — 'So attempt was made to ascertain the numbet of wage earners working a given number of hours per week. The inquiry called merely for the prevailing practice followed in each establishment. Occasional variations in hours in an establishment from one part of the year to another were disregarded, and no attention was paid to the fact that a few wage earners might have hours differing from those of the majority. All the wage earners ot each estab- lishment are therefore counted in the cla& within which the establishment itself tells. In most establishments, however, all or practically all the wage earners wort the same number of houis, so that the figures give a substantially correct represen- tation of the hours of labor. Capital.— The instmctions on the schedule for securing data relating to capital were as follows: " The answer should show the total amount of capital, both owned and borrowed, on the last day of the business year reported. All the items of fixed and live capital may be taken at the amounts carried on the books. It land or buildings are rented, that fact should be stated and no value given. If a part of the land or buildings is owned, the remainder being rented, that fact should be so stated and only the value of the owned property given. Do not include securities and loans representing investments in other enterprises." These instmctions were identical with those employed at the census of 1909. Tho data compiled in respect to capital, however, at both censuses, as well as at all preceding censuses of manufactures, have been so defective as to be of little value except as indicating very general conditions. In fact, it has been repeatedly recom- mended by the census authorities that this inquiry be omitted from the schedule. While there are some establishments whose accounting systems are such that an accurate return for capital could be made, this is not trae of the great majority, and the figures therefore do not show the actual amount of capital invested. Materials. — ^The statistics as to cost of materials relate to the materials used during the year, which may be more or less than the materials purchased during the year. The term "materials" covers fuel, rent of power and heat, mill supplies, and con- tainers, as well as materials which form a constituent part of the product. Bent and taxes. — The taxes include internal revenue, corporation income tax, and state, county, and local taxes. In some instaaces the amount of the corporation tax for 1914 had not been ascertained when the report was prepared and the amount paid for 1913 was therefore given. Value of products.— The amounts given under this heading represent the selling value or price at the factory of all products manufactured during the year, which may differ from the value of the products sold. Value added by manufactore.— The value of products is not a satisfactory measure of either the absolute or the relative importance of a given industry, because only a part of this value is actually created by the manufacturing processes carried on m the industry itself. Another part, and often by far the larger one, represents the value ot the materials used. For many purposes, therefore, the best measure ot the importance of an industry is the value created by the manufacturing operations carried on within the industry. This value is calculated by deducting the cost of the materials used from the value ot the products. The figure thus obtained is termed in the census reports "value added by manufacture." Cost of manufacture and profits. — The census data do not show the entire cost of manufacture, and consequently can not be used for the calculation of profits. No account has been taken of interest or depreciation, rent of offices and bmldings other than factory or works, insurance, ordinary repairs, advertising, and other sundry expenses. Primary horsepower.— This item represents the total primary power generated by the manufacturing establishments plus the amount of power, principally elec- tric, rented from other concerns. It does not cover the power of electric motors taking their current from dynamos driven by primary power machines operated by the same establishment, because the inclusion of such power would obviously result in duplication. The figures for primary horsepower represent the rated capacity ot the engines, motors, etc., and not the amount of power in actual daily use, since in. most cases an engme or motor is not required to deliver continuously its full rated horsepower. Fuel.— Statistics of the quantity of fuel used are shown only for anthracite and bituminous coal, coke, oil, and gas. They relate to the quantity used during the year, which may be more or less than the quantity purchased. As only the principal varieties of fuel are shown, no comparison can be made with the total cost of all fuel. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CONTENTS, Explanation or Tebms i iNTEODtJCnON 13 METROPOLITAN DISTRICTS. Baltimore 563 Birmingham 24 Boston 606 Buffalo 994 Chicago 318 Cincinnati 1165 Cleveland 1163 Detroit 682 Los Angeles 95 Minneapolis-St. Paul 729 New York City 989 Philadelphia 1291 Pittsburgh.....' 1294 San Francisco-Oakland 93 St. Louis 787 ALABAMA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 15 General character of the state IS Importance and growth of manufactures 15 Iron and steel .■ 17 Cotton goods 17 Lumber and timber products 17 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 18 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-raihoad companies 18 Foundry and machine-shop products 18 Fertilizers 18 Coke ^ 18 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 18 Wage earners employed, by months 21 Prevailing hours of labor 22 Location of establishments 23 Birmingham metropolitan district 24 Sununary for the district 24 Map showing the district 25 Comparison with earher census 25 Leading industries 25 Character of ownership 26 Size of establislunents 27 Engines and power 30 Fuel 30 Special statistics 31 Cotton goods 31 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 31 Fertilizers 31 Flour-mill and gristmill products 32 Printing and publishmg 32 Turpentine and rosin 32 Laundries 32 General tables: Table 35.— Comparative summary lor 1914, 1909,and 1904 34 Table 36.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 36 ARIZONA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 43 General character of the state 43 Importance and growth of manufactures 43 Smelting and refining, copper 44 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 44 Lumber and timber products 44 Butter, cheese, and condensed milir 44 Flour-mill and gristmill products 45 ARIZONA— Continued. General statistics — Continued. Page. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 45 Wage earners employed, by months 46 Prevailing hours of labor 47 Location of establishments 47 Character of ownership 48 Size of establishments 48 Engines and power 51 Fuel 51 Special statistics 52 Flour-mill and gristmill products 52 Printiag and publishing 52 Laundries 52 General tables: Table 21. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 53 Table 22. — Detail statement for the state, by industries, and lor cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 54 ARKANSAS. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 57 General character of the state 57 Importance and growth of manufactures 67 Lumber and timber products 59 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 59 Flour-mill and gristmill products 69 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . . 59 Wage earners employed, by months 61 Prevailing hours of labor , . . . 62 Location of establislunents 63 Character of ownership .' 64 Size of establishments 65 Engines and power 68 Fuel .' 69 Special statistics 70 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 70 Flour-mill and gristmill products 70 Printing and publishing 70 Carriages and wagons and materials 71 Rice, cleaning and polishing 71 Laundries 71 General tables: Table 30. — Comparative summary lor 1914, 1909, and 1904 73 Table 31. — Detail statement for state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 74 CALIFORNIA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 79 General character of the state 79 Importance and growth of manufactures 79 Canning and preserving 82 Petroleum, refining 82 Lumber and timber products 82 Slaughtering and meat packing 82 Printing and publishing 82 Foundry and machine-shop products 83 Flour-mill and gristmill products 83 Butter, cheese, and eondpnsed milk S3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 83 Sugar, beet 83 Gas, illuminating and heating 83 Liquors, malt 83 Liquors, vinous 83 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 83 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . . 84 Wage earners employed, by months 87 __ Prevailing hoMS of labcr .- /v,,«n 88 Di§mmi&^:^lmcrosoft(S) 91 CALIFORNIA— Continued. General statistics — Continued. Page. Metropolitan districts 93 San Francisco-Oakland metropolitan dis- trict 93 Summary for the district 94 Comparative summary, by industries 95 Los Angeles metropolitan district 95 Summary for the district 96 Leading industries 97 Character of ownership 97 Size of establishments 99 Engines and power 104 Fuel 105 Special statistics 106 Canning and preserving 106 Dried fruits 106 Canned fruits 107 Caimed vegetables 107 Canned fish and oysters 107 Petroleum, refining 107 Slaughtering and meat packing 107 Printing and publishing 108 Flour-mill and gristmill products 109 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 109 Sugar, beet 110 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 110 Laundries 110 General tables: Table 42. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 112 Table 43. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 U8 COLORADO. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics i4i General character of the state 141 Importance and growth of manufactures 141 Sugar, beet 143 Slaughtering and meat packiog 143 Flour-mill and gristmill products 143 Printing and publishing 143 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 143 Persons engaged in manufacttu-ing industries. . 143 Wage earners employed, by months 145 Prevailing hours of labor 147 Location of establishments 148 Character of ownership 149 Engines and power 154 Fuel 154 Special statistics 155 Manufacture of beet sugar 155 Slaughtering and meat packing 155 Flour-mill and gristmill products 156 Printing and publishing 155 Laundries ijj General tables: Table 30. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 158 ■ Table 31.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 igo CONNECTICUT. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 169 General character of the state leg Importance and growth of manufactures 169 Textiles 172 Brass, bronze, and copper products 172 Foundry and machine-shop products 172 (5) 6 CONTENTS. CONN ECTICUT— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Importance and growth of manufactures — Continued. Page. Firearms and ammunition 172 Silverware and plated ware 172 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 172 Corsets 172 Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified.. 172 Ruhber goods, not elsewhere specified.... 173 Hats, fur-felt 173 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. . 173 Clocks and watches, including cases and materials 173 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 173 Wage earners employed, by months 176 Prevailing hours of labor 178 Location of establishments 179 Character of ownership 182 Size of establishments 184 Engines and power 189 Fuel 189 Special statistics 190 Textiles 190 Cotton manufactures 190 Silk goods, including throwsters 191 Wool manufactures 192 Hosiery and knit goods 193 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. 193 Hats, fur-felt 194 Printing and publishing 194 Paper and wood pulp 194 Laundries 195 General tables: Table 35. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 196 Table 36. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 200 DELAWARE. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 213 General character of the state 213 Importance and growth of manufactures 213 Leather, taimed, curried, and finished 214 Foundry and machine-shop products 215 Cars, steam-raihoad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies and Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 215 Canning and preserving 215 Paper and wood pulp 215 Persons engaged in manuf actiu'ing industries . . 215 Wage earners employed, by months 217 Prevailing hours of labor 218 Location of establishments 219 Character of ownership 219 Size of establishments 220 Engines and power 222 Fuel 222 Special statistics 223 Canning and preserving 223 Flour-mill and gristmill products 223 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 224 Laundries 224 General tables: Table 23. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 225 Table 24.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries: 1914 226 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 231 General character 231 Importance and growth of manuf aotiu-es 231 Printing and publishing 232 Bread and other bakery products 232 Liquors, malt ■. 232 Foundry and machine-shop products 232 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Page. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 232 Wage earners employed, by months 234 Prevailing hours of labor 235 Character of ownership 235 Size of establishments 236 Engines and power 237 Fuel 237 Laundries 238 Establishments operated by Federal Government. 238 General tables: Table 21. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 239 Table 22.— Detail statement for the District of Columbia, by industries: 1914 240 FLORIDA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics : 243 General character of the state 243 Importance and growth of manufactures 243 Lumber and timber products 244 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 244 Tiupentine and rosin 245 Fertilizers 245 Printing and publishing 245 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 245 Wage earners employed, by months 247 Prevailing hours of labor 248 Location of establishments 249 Character of ownership 250 Size of establishments 250 Engines and power 253 Fuel 254 Special statistics 254 Tm-pentine and rosin 254 Fertilizers 254 Printing and publishing 255 Laundries 255 General tables: Table 29.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 256 Table 30.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 258 GEORGIA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 263 General character of the state 263 Importance and growth of manufactures 263 Cotton goods 265 Hosiery and knit goods 265 Oil, cottonseed, and cake ". . . 265 Fertilizers 265 Lumber and timber products 265 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 265 Wage earners employed, by months 268 Prevailing hours of labor 268 Location of establishments 270 Character of ownership 271 Size of establishments 272 Engines and power 275 Fuel 276 Special statistics 276 Textiles 276 Cotton manufactures 276 Hosiery and knit goods 277 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 277 Fertilizers 278 Floiu'-mill and gristmill products 278 Printing and publishing 278 Turpentine and rosin 279 Laundries 279 General tables: Table34.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 280 Table 35. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 Inhabitants: 1914 ^ 282 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® IDAHO. Page. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 289 General character of the state 289 Importance and growth of manufactures 289 Liunber and timber products 290 Flour-mill and gristmill products 290 Cars and general shop construction and repairs^by steam-railroad companies — 290 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 291 Printing and publishing 291 Slaughtering and meat packing 291 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 291 Wage earners employed, by months 292 Prevailing hours oflabor 293 Location of establishments 293 Character of ownership 294 Size of establishments 295 Engines and power 297 Fuel 297 Special statistics 298 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 298 Flour-mill and gristmill products 298 Printing and publishing 298 Laundries 299 General tables: Table 22.— Comparative summary- for 1914, 1909, and 1904 299 Table 23.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 300 ILLINOIS. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 303 General character of the state 303 Importance and growth of manufactures 303 Slaughtering and meat packing 306 Foundry and machine-shop products 306 Printing and publishing 306 Clothing, men's, including shirts 307 Agricultural implements 307 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 307 Iron and steel, blast fmnaces 307 Cars, steam-raUroad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies 307 Liquors, distilled 307 Liquors, malt 308 FlouT-miU and gristmill products 308 Persons engaged in manu&cturing industries.. 308 Wage earners employed, by months 312 Prevailing hours of labor 314 Location of establishments 316 Chicago metropolitan district 318 Summary tor the district 318 Map — Boundaries of the district and prin- cipal cities 319 Comparison with earlier censuses 319 Comparativesummary, by industries 319 Character of ownership 320 Size of establishments 322 Engines and power 328 Fuel 329 Special statistics 330 Slaughtering and meat packing 330 Printing and publishing 331 Iron and steel, blast furnaces and steel works and rolling mills 332 Blast furnaces 332 Steel works and rolling mills 332 Agricultural implements 332 riour-miU and gristmill products 333 Soap 333 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials 334 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 334 Boots and shoes 335 Leather, taimed, curried, and finished 335 Laundries 336 General tables: Table 43. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 337 CONTENTS. ILLINOIS— Continued. General tables — Continued. Page. Table 44.— Detail statement for the state and tor cities of 50,000 inliabitants or more, by industries, and tor cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 342 INDIANA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 367 General character ot the state 367 Importance and growth of manufactures 367 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 369 Slaughtering and meat packing 369 Liquors, distilled. 370 Automobiles, including bodies and parts.. 370 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operar tions of railroad companies 370 Carriages emd wagons and materials 370 Glass 370 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 370 Wage earners employed, by months 374 Prevailing hours of labor 375 Location of establishments 377 Character of ownership 379 Size of establishments 381 Engines and power 386 Fuel 387 Special statistics 388 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. . . 388 Slaughtering and meat packing 388 Flour-mill and gristmill products 389 Automobiles, including bodies and parts 389 Carriages and wagons and materials 390 Printing and publishing 390 Glass 390 Canning and preserving 391 Agricultural implements 391 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 391 Laimdries 392 General tables: Table 36. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 , 393 Table 37. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 398 IOWA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 413 General character of the state 413 Importance and growth of manufactures 413 Slaughtering and meat packing 415 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 415 Foundry and machine-shop products 415 Printing and publishing 415 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 415 Flom--inill and gristmill products 416 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 416 Lumber and timber products 416 Buttons 416 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 416 Wage earners employed, by months 419 Prevailing hours of labor 420 Location of establishments 422 Character of ownership 423 Size of establishments 425 Engines and power 429 Fuel 429 Special statistics 430 Slaughtering and meat packing 430 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 431 Printing and publishing 431 Flour-mill and gristmill products 432 Agricultural implements 432 Laundries 432 General tables: Table 31. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 434 Table 32.— Detail statement for the state and for cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 436 KANSAS. Page. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 445 General character of the state 445 Importance and growth of manufactures 445 Slaughtering and meat packing 447 Flour-mill and gristnull products 447 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 447 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 447 Petroleum,reflning 447 Foimdry and machine-shop products 447 Printing and publishing 447 Smelting and refining, zinc 448 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 448 Wage earners employed, by months 450 Prevailing hours of labor 451 Location of establishments 452 Character of ownership 454 Size of estabhshments 455 Engines and power 459 Fuel 469 Special statistics 460 Slaughtering and meat packing 460 Flour-mill and gristmill products 460 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 461 Petroleum, refiniog 461 Printing and pubUshing 462 Ice, manufactured 462 Laundries 463 General tables: Table 32. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 464 Table 33. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 466 KENTUCKY. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 473 General character of the state 473 Importafice and growth of manufactures 473 Liquors, distilled 475 Flour-mill and gristmill products 475 Lumber and timber products 475 Tobacco manufactures 475 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 475 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 475 Wage earners employed, by months 478 Prevailing hours of labor 479 Location of establishments 481 Character of ownership 482 Size of establishments 482 Engines and power 486 Fuel 487 Special statistics 487 Flour-mill and gristmill products 487 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. . . 488 Slaughtering and meat packing 488 Printing and publishing 488 Ijoather, tanned, curried, and finished 488 Laim dries 489 General tables: Table 31. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 490 Table 32.— Detail statement tor the state and for cities ot 50,000 inhabitants or more, ^by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 492 LOUISIANA. Explanation ot terms 4 General statistics 499 General character of the state 499 Importance and growth of manufactures 499 Lumber and timber products 501 Sugar, including refining 501 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 501 Bice, cleaning and polishing 501 Bags, other than paper . 502 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . . 502 Wage earners employed, by months 504 . Prjvjiling hours of labor „, . 505 Digitized by Microsoft® LOUISIANA— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Page. Location ot establishments 506 Character of ownership 507 Size ot establishments. 508 Engines and power 512 Fuel 512 Special statistics 513 Sugar, including refining 513 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 513 Eice, cleaning and poUshing 513 Printing and publishing 514 Ice, manufactured 514 Turpentine and rosin 515 Laundries 515 General tables: Table 31.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 516 Table 32.— Detail statement tor the state and tor citise. ot 50,000 iohabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 518 MAINE. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 525 General character of the state 525 Importance and growth of manufactures 525 Paper and wood pulp 52 < Lumber and timber products 527 Textiles 527 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and flndiogs , 527 Calming and preserving 527 Shipbuilding, iron, steel, and wooden, in- cluding boat building 527 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 528 Wage earners employed, by months 530 Prevailing hours otlabor -. 531 Location of establishments 533 Character of ownership 534 Size of establishments 535 Engines and power 538 Fuel 538 Special statistics 539 Paper and wood pulp 539 Textiles 540 Cotton goods 540 Woolen and worsted goods 541 Boots and shoes 542 Canning and preserving 542 Laundries 543 General tables: Table 33. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 544 Table 34. — Detail statement tor the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 - 646 MARYLAND. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 553 General character ot the state 563 Importance and growth of manufactures 553 Clothing 555 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 565 Canning and preserving 565 Slaughtering and meat packing 556 Fertilizers 558 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 566 Lumber and timber products 566 Printing andpublishing 556 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 556 Wage earners employed, by months 559 Prevailing hours of labor 560 Location of establishments 561 Baltimore metropolitan district 563 Map — Baltimore city 563 Summary tor the district 563 Comparative summary 664 Comparative summary, by industries 564 Character of ownership 565 8 CONTENTS. MARYLAND— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Page. Size of establishments 566 Engines and power 570 Fuel 671 Special statistics 572 Canning and preserving 572 Slaughtering and meat packing 572 Fertilizers 573 Printing and publishing 574 Flour-mill and gristmill products 574 Cotton goods 574 Shipbuilding, including boat building S74 Laundries 575 General tables: Table 37.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 576 Table 38.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 578 MASSACHUSETTS. E xplanation of terms 4 General statistics 589 General character of the state 589 Importance and growth of manufactures 589 Textiles 591 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 592 Foundry and machlne.shop products 592 Printing and publishing 592 Slaughtering and meat packing 592 Leather, taimed, curried, and finished 592 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 592 Paper and wood pulp 592 Clothing 592 Boots and shoes, rubber 592 Manufactures from precious metals 592 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . 593 Wage earners employed, by months 597 Prevailing hours of labor 599 Location of establishments 602 Boston metropolitan district 606 Territory included 606 Summary of the district 606 Comparison with earlier censuses 606 Comparative summary, by industries 607 Character of ownership 609 Size of establishments 611 Engines and power 620 Fuel 620 Special statistics 621 Textiles 621 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares 622 Wool manufactures 623 Hosiery and knit goods 624 Boots and shoes 625 Printing and publishing 625 Slaughtering and meat packing 626 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 627 Paper and wood pulp 627 Laundries 628 General tables: Table 44. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 629 Table 45. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 Inhabitants: 1914 636 MICHIGAN. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 667 General character of the state 667 Importance and growth of manufactures 667 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. . 670 Food and kindred products 670 Foundry and machine-shop products 670 Lumber and timber products 671 Furniture and refrigerators 671 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 671 Printing and publishing 671 Paper and wood pulp 671 MICHIGAN— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Importance and growth of manufactures — Continued.. Page. Tobacco manufactures 671 Brass, bronze, and copper products 671 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations 671 Chemicals 671 Carriages and wagons and materials 672 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 672 Wage earners employed, by months 675 Prevailing hours of labor 677 Location of establishments 680 Detroit metropolitan district 682 Map 682 Summary for the district 682 Comparison with 1909 census 683 Character of ownership 683 Size of establishments 685 Engines and power 691 Fuel 691 Special statistics 692 Automobiles, including bodies and parts 692 Flour-mill and gristmill products 693 Printing and publishing 693 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 694 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 694 Paper and wood pulp 695 Slaughtering and meat packing 695 Beet sugar 696 Carriages and wagons and materials 696 Laundries 696 General tables: Table 37.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 698 Table 38.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 702 MINNESOTA. Explanation of terms .• 4 General statistics 719 General character of the state 719 Importance and growth of manufactures 719 Flour-mill and gristmill products 721 Slaughtering and meat packing 722 Lumber and timber products 722 Butter and cheese 722 Foundry and machine-shop products 722 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 722 Liquors, malt 722 Oil, linseed 722 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 722 Wage earners employed, by months 725 Prevailing hours of labor 727 Location of establishments 728 Metropolitan district of Minneapolis-St. Paul. 729 Summary for the district 730 Comparison with earlier censuses 730 Comparative summary, by industries 730 Character of ownership 731 Size of establishments 732 Engines and power 736 Fuel 737 Special statistics 737 Flour-mill and gristmill products 737 Slaughtering and meat packing 738 Butter and cheese 738 Printing and publishing 738 Laundries 739 General tables: Table 34.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 740 Table 35.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by in- dustries, and for cities of 10,000-to 50,000 in- habitants: 1914 744 MISSISSIPPI. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 759 MISSISSIPPI— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Importance and growth of manufactures^ Continued. Page. Lumber and timber products 760 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 761 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 761 Cotton goods 761 Fertilizers 761 Turpentine and rosin 761 Canning and preserving 761 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 761 Wage earners employed, by months 763 Prevailing hours of labor 764 Location of establishments 765 Character of ownership 766 Size of establishments 767 Engines and power 769 Fuel 770 Specialstatistics 770 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 770 Cotton goods ■ 771 Fertilizers 771 Turpentine and rosin 771 Printing and publishing 771 Laundries 772 General tables: Table 30.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 773 Table 31.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 774 MISSOURI. Explanation of terms i General statistics 777 General character of the state 777 Importance and growth of manufactures 777 Slaughtering and meat packing 779 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 779 Flour-mill and gristmill products 779 Tobacco manufactures 779 Printing and publishing 779 Liquors, malt 779 Foimdry and machine-shop products 780 Bread and other bakery products 780 Lumber and timber products 780 Clothing, men's, and clothing, women's. . . 780 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.. 780 Wage earners employed, by months 783 Prevailing hours of labor 784 Location of ciitabllshments 785 St. Louis metropolitan district. 787 Map showing boundaries of district and principal cities 787 Summary for the district 787 Comparison with earlier censuses 788 Comparative summary, by industries 888 Character of ownership 789 Size of establishments 790 Engintes and power 795 Fuel 795 Specialstatistics 796 Slaughtering and meat packing 796 Boots and shoes 796 Flour-mill and gristmill products 797 Printing and publishing 797 Carriages and wagons and materials 797 Butter 798 Laundries 793 General tables: Table 36. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 gOO Table 37.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 804 MONTANA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics gjg General character of the state gig Importance and growth of manfactuures 819 CONTENTS. MONTANA— Continued. General statistics — Continued. Importance and growth of manufactures — Continued. Page. Lumber and timber products 820 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 821 Flour-mill and gristmill products 821 Printing and publishing 821 Liquors, malt 821 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . . 821 Wage earners employed, by months 822 Prevailing hours of labor 823 Location of establishments ^ 824 Character of ownership. 825 Size of establishments 826 Engines and power.... 828 Fuel 828 Special statistics 829 Flour-mill and gristmill products 829 Slaughtering and meat packing 829 Printing and publishing 830 Laundries 830 General tables: Table 27. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 831 Table 28. — Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to S0,000 inhabitants: 1914 832 NEBRASKA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 835 General character of the state 835 Importance and growth of manufactures 835 Slaughtering and meat packing 837 Flour-mill and gristmill products 837 Printing and publishing : 837 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 837 Persons engaged in manufacturingindustries. . g37 Wage earners employed, by months 839 Prevailing hours oflabor 840 liocation of establishments 841 Character of ownership 842 Size of establishments 843 Engines and power 846 Fuel 847 Special statistics 847 Slaughtering and meat packing 847 Flour-mill and gristmill products 848 Butter 848 Printing and publishing 849 Laundries 849 General tables: Table 30.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 850 Table 31. — ^Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by Industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 852 NEVADA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 857 General character of the state 857 Importance and growth of manufacttu'es 857 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 858 Slaughtering and meat packing 858 Lumber and timber products 858 Printing and publishing 858 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 858 Wage earners employed, by months 860 Prevailing hours of labor 860 Character of ownership 860 Size of establishments 861 Engines and power 862 Fuel 863 Special statistics 863 Flour-mill and gristmill products 863 Printing and publishing 863 Laundries. 864 NEVADA— Continued. General tables: Page. Table 20.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 865 Table 21.— Detail statement for the state, by industries and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 866 NEW HAMPSHIRE. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 869 General character of the state 869 Importance and growth of manufactures 869 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and -findings 871 Textiles 871 Paper and wood pulp 871 Lumber and timber products 871 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . . 871 Wage earners employed, by months 874 Prevailing hours of labor 875 Location of establishments 877 Character of ownership 877 Size of establishments 878 Engines and power 882 Fuel 883 Special statistics 883 Boots and shoes 883 Cotton manufactures 884 Paper and wood pulp 884 Woolen and worsted goods 885 Hosiery and Imit goods 886 Laundries 886 General tables: Table 32. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 888 Table 33. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 890 NEW JERSEY. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 895 General character of the state 895 Importance and growth of manufactures 895 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. . 899 Wage earners employed, by months 903 Prevailing hours of labor 905 Location of establishments 907 Character of ownership 909 Size of establishments 911 Engines and power 917 Fuel 918 Special statistics 919 Textiles 919 Silk goods, including throwsters 919 Wool manufactures 920 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares 920 Hats, fur-felt 921 Slaughtering and meat packing 921 Chemicals 922 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 922 Paint and varnish 922 Printing and publishing 923 Shipbuilding, including boat building 923 Fertilizers 924 Laundries 924 General tables: Table 39.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 925 Table 40. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 932 NEW MEXICO. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 953 General character of the state 953 Importance and growth of manufactures 953 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies... 954 Lumber and timber products 954 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW MEXICO— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Importance and growth of manufactures — Continued. Page. Printingand publishing 954 Flour-mill and gristmill products 954 Persons engaged in manufacturingindustries. 954 Wage earners employed, by months 956 Prevailing hours of labor 956 Character of ownership 957 Size of establishments 957 Engines and power 958 Fuel 959 Laundries 959 General tables: Table 16.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 959 Table 17.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 960 NEW YORK. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 963 General character of the state 963 Importance and growth of manufactures 963 Clothing '. 968 Printing and publishing 968 Textiles 969 Foundry and machine-shop products 969 Food and kindred products 969 Tobacco manufactures 970 Liquors 970 Iron and steel — Steel works and rolling mills, and blast furnaces 970 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies 970 Millinery and lace goods 970 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 971 Lumber and timber products 971 Paper and wood pulp 971 Gas, ilium mating and heating 971 Furniture and refrigerators 971 Furnishing goods, men's 971 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 972 Chemicals 972 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 972 Patent medicines and compounds 972 Leather, taimed, curried, and finished 972 Photographic apparatus and materials ... 972 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials 973 Paint and varnish 973 Manufactures from precious metals 973 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 973 Fur goods 973 Persons engaged in manufacturing Industries . 973 Wage earners employed, by months 978 Prevailing hours of labor 981 Location of establishments 984 Metropolitan districts 989 New York City metropolitan district 989 Summary for the district 989 Comparison with earlier censuses 991 Comparative summary, by industries. 992 Buffalo metropolitan district 994 Summary for the district 994 Comparison with earlier censuses 995 Comparativesummary,byindustries. 995 Character of ownership 996 Size of establishments 999 Engines and power 1010 Fuel 1010 Special statistics 1011 Printing and publishing loil Textiles 1013 Hosiery and knit goods 1013 Silk goods. Including throwsters 1014 Wool manufactures 10I6 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares 1017 Fur-felt hats 1017 10 CONTENTS. NEW YORK— Continued. Special statistics — Continued. Page. Slaughtering and meat packing 1017 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1019 Boots and shoes 1019 Paper and wood pulp 1020 Gas, illuminating and heating 1021 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1022 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills . . 1022 Butter, cheese, and condensed Tnillr 1023 Chemicals 1024 Automobiles, including bodies and parts 1025 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1025 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials 1026 Paint and varnish 1026 Soap 1027 Canning and preserving 1028 Agricultural Implements 1029 Shipbuilding, including boat building 1029 Gloves and mittens, leather 1030 Carriages and wagons and materials 1030 Laundries 1031 General tables: Table 77.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1032 Table 78. — Detail statement lor the state and lor cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by Industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1048 NOETH CAEOLINA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1109 General character of the state 1109 Importance and growth of manufactures 1 109 Cotton goods 1111 Tobacco manufactures 1111 Lumber and timber products 1111 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1111 Fertilizers 1111 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1111 Wage earners employed, by months 1114 Prevaihng hours of labor 1115 Location of establishments 1116 Character of ownership 1117 Size of establishments 1118 Enginesand power 1122 Fuel 1123 Special statistics 1123 Textiles 1123 Cotton goods 1124 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1124 Hosiery and knit goods 1124 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1125 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1125 Laundries 1126 General tables: Table 32. — Comparative stunmary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1127 Table 33. — Detail statement for the state, by Industries, and tor cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1128 NOETH DAKOTA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1133 General character of the state 1133 Importance and growth of manufactures 1133 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1134 Printing and publishing 1134 Butter 1135 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1135 Persons engagedin manufacturing industries. 1135 Wage earners employed, by months 1136 Prevailing hours of labor 1137 Location of establishments 1138 Character of ownership 1138 Size of establishments 1139 Engines and power 1141 Fuel 1141 Special stastitics 1142 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1142 Printing and publishing 1142 NORTH DAKOTA— Continued. Special statistics— Continued. Page. Butter 1142 Laundries 11*3 General tables: Table 22.— Comparative suirunary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1143 Table 23.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 60,000 inhabitants: 1914 1144 OHIO. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1147 General character of the state 1147 Importance and growth of manufactiu'es 1147 Iron and steel 1150 Foundry and machine-shop products 1151 Rubber goods 1151 Automobiles, including bodies and parts . 1151 Slaughtering and meat packing 1151 Printing and publishing 1151 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1151 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 1152 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1152 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 1152 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies... 1152 Liquors, malt 1152 Lumber and timber products 1152 Tobacco manufactures 1152 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1152 Wage earners employed, by months 1186 Prevailing hours of labor 1155 Location of establishments 1160 Cleveland metropolitan district 1163 Cinciimati metropolitan district 1168 Character of ownership 1168 Size of establishments 1169 Engines and power 1176 Fuel 1177 Special statistics 1178 Iron and steel 1178 Automobiles, including bodies and parts 1180 Flour-mill and gristmill products . . .' 1180 Slaughtering and meat packing 1181 Printing and publishing 1181 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 1182 Paper and wood pulp 1183 Paint and varnish 1184 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1184 Glass 1184 Agricultural implements 1185 Carriages and wagons and materials 1185 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1186 Chemicals 1186 Petroleum, refining 1186 Hosiery and knit goods 1187 Boots and shoes 1187 Laundries 1188 General tables: Table 54. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1189 Table 55.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50j000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1198 OKLAHOMA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1227 General character of the state 1227 Importance and growth of manufactures 1227 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1229 Petroleiun, refining 1229 Smelting and refining, zinc 1229 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1229 Lumber and timber products 1229 Printing and publishing 1229 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1229 Wage earners employed, by months .^. .^ 1232 D/gfAFi^»@efm>j^w/GfosoH®i233 OKLAHOMA— Continued. General statistics — Continued. Page. Location of establishments 1234 Character of ownership 1236 Size of establishments- - 1235 Engines and power 1239 Fuel 1239 Special statistics 1240 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1240 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1240 Petroleum, refining 1240 Printing and publishing 1241 Laundries 1241 General tables:. Table 29.— Comparative siumnary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1242 Table 30. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1244 OREGON. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1249 General character of the state 1249 Importance and growth of manufactures 1249 Lumber and timber products 1251 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1251 Slaughtering and meat packing 1251 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1251 Printing and publishing 1251 Canning and preserving 1251 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1251 Wage earners employed, bymouths 1253 Prevailing hours of labor 1254 Location of establishments 1255 Character of ownership 1255 Size of establishments 1256 Engines and power 1260 Fuel 1260 Special statistics 1261 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1261 Slaughtering and meat packing 1261 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1261 Printing and publishing 1262 Canning and preserving 1262 Laundries 1262 General tables: Table 28. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1264 Table 29.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1266 PENNSYLVANIA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1273 General character of the state 1273 Importance and growth of manufactures 1273 Iron and steel 1276 Textiles 1276 Foundry and machine-shop products 1277 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished... 1277 Printing and publishing 1277 Clothing 1277 Slaughtering and meat packing 1277 Tobacco manufactures 1277 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1277 Wage earners employed, by months 1282 Prevailing hours of labor 1284 Location of establishments 1287 Philadelphia metropolitan district 1291 Map 1292 Summary for the district 1292 Comparison with earlier censuses 1293 Comparative summary, by industries 1293 Pittsburgh metropolitan district 1294 Summary for the district 1295 Map 1295 Comparison with earlier censuses 1296 Comparative summary, by Industries 1296 Character of ownership 1297 Size of establishments 1299 CONTENTS. 11 PENNSYLVANIA— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Page. Engines and power 1306 Fuel 1307 Special statistics 1308 Iron and steel, blast tumaces, and steel works and rolling mills 1308 Blast furnaces 1308 Steel works and rolling mills 1309 Tin plate and temeplate 1311 Textiles 1311 W ool manufactures 1312 Silk manufactures 1313 Hosiery and knit goods 1314 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares 1315 Fur-felt hats 1315 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1315 Printing and publishing 1316 Petroleum, refining 1316 Slaughtering and meat packing 1317 Coke 1318 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1318 Glass 1318 Boots and shoes 1319 Paper and wool pulp 1319 Chemicals 1320 Paint and varnish 1 1320 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1321 Carriages and wagons 1321 Laundries 1322 General tables: Table 58.— Comparative summary for 1914 1909, and 1904 1323 Table 59. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1332 RHODE ISLAND. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1369 General character of the state 1369 Import^ce and growth of manufactures 1369 TextUes 1370 Manufactures from precious metals 1370 Foundry and machine-shop products 1371 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies 1371 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1371 Wage earners employed, by months 1374 Prevailing hours of labor 1375 Location of establishments 1376 Character of ownership 1377 Size of establishments 1378 Engines and power 1382 Fuel 1382 Special statistics 1383 Textiles 1383 Woolen and worsted goods 1383 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares... 1384 Silk goods, including throwsters 1385 Hosiery and knit goods 1385 Printing and publishing 1386 Laundries , 1386 General tables: Table 35.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1388 Table 36.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 Inhabitants: 1914 1390 SOUTH CAROLINA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1399 General character of the state 1399 Importance and growth of manufactures 1399 Cotton goods 1400 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1400 Fertilizers 1401 Lumber and timber products 1401 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1401 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1401 SOUTH CAROLINA— Continued. General statistics— Continued. Page. Wage earners employed, by months 1403 Prevailtng hours of labor 1404 Ixjcation of establishments 1405 Character of ownership 1406 Size of establishments 1406 Engines and power 1409 Fuel 1410 Special statistics 1410 Cotton goods 1410 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1411 Fertilizers 1411 Printing and publishing 1411 Turpentine and rosin 1412 Laundries 1412 General tables: Table 30.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1413 Table 31.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1414 SOUTH DAKOTA. Explanation of terms 4 General stalistics 1419 General character of the state 1419 Importance and growth of manufactures 1419 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1420 Butter 1420 Printing and publishing 1420 Bread and other bakery products 1420 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 1421 Lumber and timber products 1421 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1421 Wage earners employed, by months 1422 Prevailing hours of labor 1423 Location of establishments 1424 Character of ownership 1424 Size of establishments 1425 Engines and power 1427 Fuel 1427 Special statistics , — 1427 Flour-miU and gristmill products 1428 Butter 1428 Printing and publishing 1428 Laundries 1428 General tables: Table 23.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1429 Table 24.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 Inhabitants: 1914 1430 TENNESSEE. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1433 General character of the state 1433 Importance and growth of manufactures 1433 Lumber and timber products 1435 Flour-mill and gristmill products - . .^ 1435 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1435 Food preparations 1435 Foimdry and machine-shop products 1435 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 1435 Printing and publishing 1435 Textiles 1435 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1436 Wage earners employed, by months 1438 Prevailing hours of labor 1439 Location of establishments 1440 Character of ownership 1442 Size of establishments 1443 Engines and power 1446 Fuel 1446 Special statistics 1447 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1447 Oil cottonseed, and cake 1447 Printing and publishing 1448 Textiles 1448 Hosiery and knit goods 1448 bigWYmbymcrosoft® "" TENNESSEE— Continued. Special statistics — Continued. Page. Woolen goods : 1449 Fertilizers 1449 Iron and steel, blastfurnaces 1449 Laundries 1449 General tables: Table 34.— Comparative summaryf or 1914, 1909, and 1904 1451 Table 35.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1454 TEXAS. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1463 General character of the state ... v. 1465 Importance and growth of manmactures 1465 Petroleum, refining '. 1465 Slaughtering and meat packing 1465 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1465 Flour-miU and gristmill products 1465 Lumber and timber products 1465 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1465 Printing and publishing 1466 Persons engaged in manufacturingjindustries. 1466 Wage earners employed, by months 1468 Prevailing hours of labor. 1470 Location of establishments 1471 Character of ownership 1473 Size of establishments 1474 Engines and power 1478 Fuel 1479 Special statistics 1479 Slaughtering and meat packing 1479 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1480 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1481 Printing and publishing 1481 Rice, cleaning and polishing 1481 Ice, manufactured 1482 Laundries 1482 General tables: Table 32.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1483 Table 33.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and ;or cities of 10,000 to 50,000 Inhabitants: 1914 1486 UTAH. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1497 General character of the state 1497 Importance and growth of manufactures 1497 Smelting, lead 1499 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1499 Flour-miU and gristmill products 1499 Slaughtering and meat packing 1499 Printing and publishing 1499 Caimtng and preserving 1499 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1499 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1499 Wage earners employed, by months 1501 PrevaiUng hours of labor 1502 Location of establishments 1503 Character of ownership 1504 Size of establishments 1504 Engines and power 1507 Fuel 1508 Special statistics 1508 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1508 Calming and preserving 1508 Flour-miU and gristmill products : 1509 Printing and publishing 1509 Laundries 1509 General tables: Table 28.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1511 Table 29. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1521 12 CONTENTS. VERMONT. Page. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1517 General character of the state 1517 Importance and growth of manufactures 1517 Marble and stone work 1518 Lumber and timber products 1519 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1519 Textiles 1519 Paper and wood pulp 1519 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1519 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1520 Wage earners employed, by months 1523 Prevailing hours of labor 1524 liocation of establishments 1525 Character of ownership 1526 Size of establishments 1627 Engines and power 1530 Fuel 1531 Special statistics :'1632 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1532 Paper and wood pulp 1532 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1533 Woolen and worsted goods 1534 Laundries 1535 General tables 1635 Table 31. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904...., 1535 Table 32.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1536 VIRGINLi. Explanation of terms 4 General~statistics 1541 General character of the state 1541 Importance and growth of manufactures 1641 Lvunber and timber products ; 1543 Tobacco manufactures 1643 Cars and general shop contruction and- re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1543 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1513 Fertilizers 1543 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 1644 Textiles 1544 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1544 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1544 Wage earners employed, by months 1547 Prevailing hours of labor 1548 Location of establishments 1550 Map of Bichmond, Va., showing extent of . corporate limits 1551 Character of ownership 1552 Size of establishments 1553 Engines and power 1557 Fuel 1557 Special statistics 1558 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1558 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1663 Iron and steel, blastfurnaces 1559 Printing and publishing 1559 Fertilizers 1669 Laundries 1660 General tables: Table 33.— Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1561 Table 34. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1564 WASHINGTON. Page. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1573 General character of the state 1673 Importance and growth of manufactures 1573 Lumber and timber products 1575 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1575 Slaughtering and meat packing 1575 Butter, cheese, and condensed millk 1675 Printing and publishing 1675 Liquors, malt 1576 Canning and preserving 1576 Foundry and machine-shop products 1576 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1576 Wage earners employed, by months 1678 Prevailing hours of labor 1580 Location of establishments 1681 Character of ownership 1582 Size of establishments 1583 Engines and power 1587 Fuel 1687 Special statistics 1588 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1688 Slaughtering and meat packing 1588 Canning and preserving 1589 Butter, cheese, and condensed milt 1590 Printing and publishing 1590 Laundries 1590 General tables: Table! 30. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1591 Table 31. — Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and lor cities of 10,000 to 60,000 inhabitants: 1914 1594 WEST VIRGINIA. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1605 General character of the state 1605 Importance and growth of manufactures 1605 Lumber and timber products 1606 Glass 1607 Steel works and rolUng mills and tin plate and temeplate establishments 1607 Leather, taimed, curried, and finished . . . 1607 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1607 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1607 Brick,tile,pottery,andotherclayproducts. 1607 Liquors, malt 1607 Personsengagedinmanulacturingindustries.. 1607 Wage earners employed, by months 1610 Prevailing hours of labor 1611 Location of establishments 1612 Character of ownership 1614 Size of establishments 1615 Engines and power 1619 Fuel consumed 1620 Special statistics 1620 Steel works and rolling mills 1620 Tin plate and temeplate 1621 Glass 1621 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1621 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1621 Laundries 1622 General tables 1622 Table 31. — Comparative summary lor 1914, " 1909,andl904 1623 Table 32. — Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1624 WISCONSIN. Page. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1629 General character of the state 1629 Importance and growth of manufactures 1629 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1631 Foundry and machine-shop products 1631 Lumber and timber products 1631 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished ... 1632 Malt and malt liquors 1632 Slaughtering and meat packing 1632 Paper and wood pulp 1632 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1632 Furniture and refrigerators 1632 Agricultural implements 1632 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1632 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings .-. 1632 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. 1633 Wage earners employed, by months 1636 Prevailing hours of labor 1637 Location of establishments 1639 Character of ownership 1640 Size of establishments 1641 Engines and power 1646 Fuel 1647 Special statistics 1647 Butter, cheese, and condensed Tniiir 1647 Flour,mill and gristmill products 1648 Slaughtering and meat packing 1648 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1649 Footwear 1649 Paper and wood pulp 1650 Printing and publishing 1650 Automobiles, including bodies and parts 1651 Carriages and wagons and materials 1651 Laundries 1661 General tables: Table 36. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1662 Table 37.— Detail statement for the state and for cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to»50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1656 WYOMING. Explanation of terms 4 General statistics 1667 General character of the state 1667^ Importance and growth of manufactures 1667 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 1668 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1668 Lumber and timber products 1668 Prmting and publishing 1668 Butter 1668 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries . 1668 Wage earners employed, by months 1670 Prevailmg hours of labor 1670 Character of ownership 1671 Size of establishments 1672 Engines and power 1673 Fuel 1674 Special statistics.'. 1674 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1674 Butter 1674 Laundries 1675 General tables: Table 18. — Comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904 1675 Table 19.— Detail statement for the state, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants: 1914 1679 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® INTRODUCTION. This volume contains the statistics for the manu- facturing industries of the several states. These data were published as separate bulletins and are now col- lected in the present volume, forming Volume I of the reports for the Census of Manufactures: 1914. The figures may differ in some unimportant details from those given in the bulletins for the reason that certain minor errors discovered in the bulletins as first published have been corrected. In this volume the reports for the states and the District of Columbia are arranged in alphabetical order, together with the statistics for cities of 10,000 inhabitants or over. At the Thirteenth Census a separate bulletin was published for the metropolitan districts, and this formed a part of Volume X — Reports for Principal Industries. In this report the statistics for the following metropolitan districts are presented with the returns for the respective states : Baltimore, Md., Birmingham, Ala., Boston, Mass., Buffalo, N. Y., Chicago, 111., Cincinnati, Ohio, Cleve- land, Ohio, Detroit, Mich., Los Angeles, Cal., Minne- apolis-St. Paul, Minn., New York, N. Y., Philadelphia, Pa., St. Louis, Mo., and San Francisco-OaMand, Cal. The report for each state summarizes the general results of the census inquiry, presenting a series of tables in which the most important figures printed in the general tables are given in convenient form for the state as a whole, for cities of 10,000 inhabitants or and for important industries. It also presents over, tables in which the statistics for aU manufacturing industries combined, for a few important industries separately, and for cities of 10,000 inhabitants or more, are classified by character of ownership, value of prod- ucts, number of wage earners, and prevailing hours of labor. Information could not be presented for every industry without disclosing the operations of individ- ual establishments. Data of a supplemental charac- ter regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other informa- tion for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule, were collected for certain industries by means of special schedules and are presented for the important industries in each state. Statistics for power laundries are also shown in each state. At the end of the report for each state are two general tables. The first is a comparative summary for 1914, 1909, and 1904, and gives the number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for certain selected industries in the state, and for the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more, and similar data for all industries combined for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. The second table is a detail statement for 1914, pre- senting, for the state as a whole and for the cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for 1914 for each industry that can be shown without the dis- closure of the operations of individual establishments, and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. The statistics in this volume are confined to con- tinental United States, and therefore include no data for Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, or other possessions. (13) Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ALABAMA. OENEBAL STATISTICS. Oeneral character of the state. — ^Alabama was first explored in 1540, organized as a territory in 1817, and became a state in December, 1819. With a gross area of 51,998 squai'e mUes, of which 51,279 repre- sent land surface, it ranks twenty-eighth among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,828,697, and in 1910, 2,138,093; and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,270,000. In total population Alabama ranked eighteenth among the states and territories of continental United States both in laiO and 1900; and in density of population it ranked twenty-fourth in 1910, with 41.7 inhabitants per square nule, the corres- ponding figure for 1900 being 35.7. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 370,431, or 17.3 per cent of the total, as against 11.3 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 seven cities each with an estimated population of more than 10,000 — ^Anniston, Bessemer, Birmingham, Gadsden, Mobile, Montgomery, and Selma. These seven cities, whose aggregate population formed 14.1 per cent of the estimated total popidation of Alabama in 1914, reported 42.4 per cent of the value of the manufac- tured products of the state in that year. The state is traversed by nearly aU the trunk Hne railroads of the South, and most of- these pass through Birmingham, the principal manufacturing center of the state. The transportation faciUties provided by the harbors, of which Mobile Bay is the most important, and a number of navigable rivers within and on the borders of the state, with their tributaries, are impor- tant factors in the furtherance of the manufacturing interests. The city of Mobile, located on Mobile Bay, is one of the most important seaports on the Gulf of Mexico. In addition, the two ports of New Orleans and Pensacola in the adjoining states are easily accessible by rail. The natural resources of Alabama, which are of great importance, have a marked influence on the development and growth of several of the leading industries. Some of the materials used in manufac- tmnng, such as cotton, timber, cereals, and minerals, are produced in large quantities. The state has made great advancement in agri- culttire, the total value of farm crops increasing from $73,190,720 in 1899 to $144,287,347 in 1909, or 97.1 per cent, the most important products being cotton (including cotton seed), valued at $87^08,432, and corn, $28,677,032. The state's cotton crop of 1914 amounted to 1,751,375 equivalent 500-pound bales, or 10.9 per cent of the total for the United States. The total mineral production of the state in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Sm^rey, was valued at $30,879,288, the principal products being coal, valued at $20,849,919; coke, $8,408,443; and iron ore, $5,727,619. As re- ported by the Bureau of the Census in 1914, the state's output of pig iron was 1,835,576 tons, valued at $19,909,045. The value of merchandise exported from the port of Mobile in 1914 was $50,805,641, and that of mer- chandise imported $6,914,963. Importance and growth of manufactures. — ^The man- ufactured products of the state in 1914 were valued at $178,797,633; the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacttu-ing industries was 78,717; and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measure of the importance of manufacturing industries, amounted to $71,386,199, the state ranking thirtieth, twenty-first, and twenty-seventh, respec- tively, among the states of the United States in 1914. The. corresponding rankings in 1909 were thirtieth, twenty-fourth, and twenty-ninth. The output of man- ufactured products as measm-ed by value in 1914 and 1909 represented seven-tenths of 1 per cent of the total for the United States. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. During the 15 years covered by Table 1 the value of the manufactured products of the state and the hors'e- power of the engines and other prime movers tised in these industries more than doubled. The table shows substantial increases in practically all of the items during each of the three five-year periods, but the largest increases occmred during the period 1904-1909. The decrease from 1909 to 1914 of 156 in the number of estabUshments and of 459 in the number of pro- prietors and firm members is due primarily to the de- crease in the number of lumber mills operated by individuals or firms. In some cases the ownership of these mills was changed to corporation during the period between censuses, and it is probable that the proprietors or firm members reported in 1909 were eport^d jg^alaried officials in 1914. (15) icrosott(^ 16 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. The decrease of 42.4 per cent in the amount paid for contract work, is due to a change in the method of conducting the work in the lumber mills. These nulls paid $1,226,180 for contract logging or other opera- tions in 1909 and only $644,876 for this class of work in 1914. Table 1 MANUFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. PEE CENT OF INCKEASE.l 1914 1909 1904 1899 190»-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments 3,242 89,053 3,310 7,026 78,717 445,762 1227,505,432 42,348,200 8,451,329 33.896,871 846,840 1,968,761 107,411.434 178,797,633 71,386,199 3,398 81,972 3,769 6,056 72,148- 357,837 $173,180,038 33,849,235 6,564,969 27,284,266 1,469,883 1,239,654 83,442,518 145,961,638 62,519,120 1,882 67,884 1,948 3,763 62,173 293,185 1105,382,859 25,745,590 3,867,139 21,878,451 914,404 3 617,823 60,458,368 109,169,922 48,711,554 2,000 2,259 52,711 173,208 160,165,904 16,971,074 2,059,391 14,911,683 37,998,233 72,109,929 34,111,696 -4.6 8.6 -12.2 16.0 9.1 24.6 31.4 25.1 28.7 24.2 -42.4 58.8 28.7 22.5 14.2 80.6 20.8 . 93.5 ' -60.9 16.0 22.1 64.3 31. S 69.8 24.7 60.7 ^5.» Persons engaged .^Proprietors and firm members f« salaried employees ■ 66.6. Wage earners (average number) 18.0 69.3 Capital . .... 75.2; Sa&ries and wages 61.7 Salaries 87.8 Wages.. 46. r Paid lor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials . . 38.0 33.7- 28.3 59.1 Value of products 51.4 Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 42.8 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. All industries. Cotton goods Lumber and timber products Iron and steel, blast furnaces Oil, cottonseed, and cake Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Foundry and machine-shop products. Fertilizers Coke Printingand publishing Flour-mill and gristmill products Mineral and soda waters Bread and other bakery products Turpentine and rosin Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Ice, manufactured Cordage and twine Gas, illuminating and heating . Cement- . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Hosiery and knit goods Carriages and wagons and materials. Slaughtering and meat packing Food preparations Marble and stone work Confectionery Stoves and ranges Paving materials Confectionery (ice cream). Clothing, men's Lime Coffee, roasting and grinding. All other industries Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 3,242 146 80 18 161 87 160 Average number. 78,717 13,697 22,750 3,547 2,028 7,908 6,332 1,416 2,209 1,346 125 520 651 3,411 1,625 478 460 214 432 251 781 385 122 41 402 189 314 280 94 390 34 6,056 Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value of products. 100.0 8.0 1.8 2.8 1.7 0.2 0.7 0.8 4.3 2.1 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.5 m 7.7 Amount. $178,797,633 25,622,583 24,314,453 20,065,739 14,982,159 12,521,643 12,489,883 10,869,679 10,353,477 4,121,251 2, 179, 165 2,162,022 2,056,335 2,047,132 1,643,342 1,201,106 1,135,051 1,124,693 789,838 782,364 764,408 707,386 703,082 652,930 640, 724 566,944 540,362 524,642 462,560 412,890 398,290 331,290 21,630,210 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 7.0 6.1 5.8 2.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 12.1 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $71,386,199 7,843,513 14,914,735 6, 174, 746 2,642,029 5,680,117 6,174,821 2,793,098 2,990,707 3,104,352 261,014 1,069,404 857,856 1,525,946 1,079,767 930, 169 306,042 737,842 422,235 258,893 317,226 403,717 111,482 168,299 443,988 135,430 366,537 252,889 103,067 151,616 202,068 138,951 8,733,643 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 11.0 20.9 8.7 3.7 8.0 8.7 3.9 4.2 4.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 2.1 1.5 1.3 0.4 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 12.2 PER CENT OF INCREA3E.1 Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 9.1 7.6 1.5 -6.2 25.3 25.4 7.4 14.8 -14.4 20.5 -25.6 39.0 13.4 -3.1 -8.6 39.4 7.7 -17.4 6.4 27.8 -9.2 28.1 12.3 a7.o -13.0 18.0 -5.1 -15.0 1904- 1909 16.0 10.9 38.9 -23.6 15.6 14.7 28.5 123.8 19.2 22.1 5.7 165.2 20.8 20.6 35.8 41.2 45.7 90.4 100.0 21.0 11.6 -14.8 106.3 65.8 -18.3 400.0 1899- 1904 18.0 37.8 8.4 -1.6 84.5 36.5 32.6 25.5 35.9 14.5 15.2 68.4 -21.5 -2.9 51.9 3.9 81.3 16.8 -17.6 -25.8 30.6 Value of products. 1909- 1914 22.5 15.4 -6.7 -5.5 63.2 66.3 8.1 69.2 17.1 48.9 -21.6 66.9 19.2 -17.2 -3.0 54.7 63.1 63.7 6.7 29.3 3.4 60.4 30.0 15.8 7.8 24.0 -6.6 -15.8 1904- 1909 33.7 32.5 42.6 27.6 59.1 12.7 30.7 174.4 43.2 42.2 58.8 259.7 55.4 1.6 51.2 46.1 39.5 93.5 124.8 28.5 -7.6 31.7 77.0 150.4 30.3 773.3 1899- 1904 51.4 105.6 37.6 23.4 93.2 60.1 61. a 13.2 65.7 67.8 11.3 62.8 19.7 50.0 119.8 96.5 52.4 -0.3 23.3 ■11.8 89.8 -49.2 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 14.2 0.1 -13.4 7.2 25.6 51.3 16.0 29.4 21.0 47.7 -30.2 39.2 31.4 -23.2 -12.6 61.6 40.1 56.0 -19.7 14.4 6.0 110. 43.2 -3.4 11.3 16.6 •17.2 7.8 1904- 1909 65.1 29.3 2.2 73.1 11.2 25.2 193.7 13.5 38.7 92.8 24.4 46.8 3.3 131.2 40.6 76.5 133.3 34.5 5.0 100.0 -7.2 61.3 165.3 6.6 658.8 1899- 1904 42.8 42. T 57.9 -4.2 37.8. 57.7 56. 0- 7.9 107. (^ 70.8 -5.8 50.fr 39.0 43.1 114.7 34.1 47.8 -5.5. 4. a -4.9 76.7 -55.5 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 35; a minus sign (-) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than lOO, or where comp^^ble flgures can not be given. ^ ^ 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 31 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products val- ued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 8 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 9 with products between $1,- Digitized by 000,000 and $5,000,000, and 14 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are the fol- lowing, which have products exceeding in value some of those presented in the table: Steel works and rolline Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 17 inilk, chemicals, brass and bronze products, explosives, and malt liquors, the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earn- ers or value added by manufacture. Of the indus- tries reported separately, cotton goods ranked first in value of products but second in nimiber of wage earners and value added by manufactxire. Lumber products, which ranked second in value of products, was first in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Blast furnaces ranked third in value of products, fourth in value added by manu- factm-e, and fifth in number of wage earners. Cot- tonseed oil and cake ranked fourth in value of prod- ucts, eighth in number of wage earners, and ninth in value added by manufacture". The operations of steam-railroad repair shops ranked fifth in value of products and value added by manufacture and third in number of wage earners. The products of flour mills and gristmills, which ranked tenth in value, was but twenty-second in value added by manufac- ture and twenty-seventh in nmnber of wage earners. Mach,inery is used largely in this industry and com- paratively few employees are required, therefore the proportional value added to the raw material by man- ufacture is small in comparison with the correspond- ing proportions for most other industries. There were a number of changes in rank accordiog to value of products in 1914 as compared with 1909; however, the blast furnaces and bakery products held the same rank at both censuses, third and twelfth, respectively. The cotton-goods industry advanced to first place in 1914 from second in 1909, having ex- changed ranking with the lumber industry, which in 1909 ranked first. The cottonseed-oil industry and the operations of steam-raihoad repair shops advanced from fifth and seventh places in 1909 to fourth and fifth, respectively, in 1914. The fertiUzer and printing and pubhshing industries rose from eighth and tenth rank in 1909 to seventh and ninth, respectively, in 1914, and the foundry and machine-shop, the coke, and the flour-miU and gristmiU industries dropped from fourth, sixth, and ninth places in 1909 to sixth, eighth, and tenth places, respectively, in 1914. Iron and steel. — In Alabama the importance of the iron industry as a whole is due to the exploitation of the rich mineral deposits of iron ore, coal, and hme- stone, which are found in close proximity in the north- em part of the state. The combined iron and steel industry, including blast furnaces and rolling mills and steel works, exceeded in value of products any of the other industries in the state. The value of products 82101°— 18 2 of the blast furnaces alone, as shown in the above table, amounted to $20,065,739, being exceeded only by that reported for the cotton and limiber industries. The general statistics for the rolling mills and steel works could not be shown without disclosing individ- ual operations, and are therefore included luider "all other industries." A considerable portion of the pig-iron product of the blast furnaces goes direct to steel furnaces, and the 15 blast-furnace estabhshments and the 6 estabhsh- ments constituting the steel works and roUing-miU industry employed in the aggregate 7,880 persons, of whom 966 were salaried employees and 6,914 were wage earners, and they reported in the aggregate 197,027 primary horsepower. The combined figures for cost of materials and value of products for the two industries involve direct duphcation to the extent that companies operating both blast furnaces and steel plants used products of the former in the latter. Eliminating this duphcation, the value of products for the combined industries was $30,300,000, or approx- imately one-sixth of that for all industries in the state. Cotton goods. — ^This industry, which is the most important in Alabama in value of products for which data can be shown at the 1914 census, reported 57 estabhshments engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods. The value of products of these estabhshments and the average niunber of wage earners employed by them represented 14.3 per cent and 17.4 per cent, respectively, of the corresponding totals for all indus- tries in the state. The value of products, $25,622,583, placed Alabama eighth in order of importance among the cotton-manufacturing states in 1914, and it was ninth in 1909. During the five-year period 1909- 1914 the total value of products increased from $22,211,748 to $25,622,583, or 15.4 per cent; the average number of wage earners, from 12,731 to 13,697, or 7.6 per cent, and the value added by man- ufacture, from $7,838,501 to $7,843,513, or one-tenth of 1 per cent. iMmber and timber 'products. — This industry, em- bracing the operations of logging camps, sawmills, planing mills, and also estabhshments manufacturing wooden boxes, ranks second in importance in 1914 among the industries shown, having dropped from first place in 1909. Its increase' in average number of wage earners during the period 1909-1914 was com- paratively small, amounting to only 341, or 1.5 per cent; while the value of products decreased from $26,057,662 to $24,314,453 in 1914, or 6.7 per cent. However, as the two earher censuses show marked increases in these items, the sHght decrease in the industry during the later five-year period 1909-1914 was more than offset. The percentages of increase during the ten years from 1904 to 1914 were 41 for wage earners and 33 for value of products. The Digitized by Microsoft® 18 MANUFAGTURES— ALABAMA. statistics do not include mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for local consumption. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — The statistics presented comprise those for estabhshments engaged primarily in extracting oil from cotton seed. The growth of this industry from census to census is shown by the in- creases in value of products and in number of wage earners. For the three five-year periods 1899-1904, 1904-1909,. 1909-1914 -the percentages of increase in value of products were 93.2, 59.1, and 63.2, respec- tively. These percentages, however, are affected somewhat by the general rise in prices, and so to some extent exaggerate the actual increase in quantity of products. For the three five-year periods the increase in wage earners was 84.5 per cent, 15.6 per cent, and 25.3 per cent, respectively. In 1914 the value of products for the 84 establishments reported was $14,982,159, and employment was given to 2,028 wage earners. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam^ailroad companies. — ^This industry represents work done in car shops operated by steam-railroad companies but does not include minor repairs or work done in roundhouses. These operations consist almost exclusively of repairs to rolling stock and equipment but include also shopwork done for the track, bridge, and building departments. The average number of wage earners employed was 7,908 in 1914, the third largest number reported from any manufacturing in- dustry in the state, and the value of work done amounted to $12,521,643, an increase of 66.3 per cent since 1909. Foundry and machine-shop products. — ^This industry is allied with, and its development to some extent depends upon, the manufacture of iron and steel. The products of cast-iron pipe works form more than half of the total value of products reported for the industry in 1914. Included also in this classification, in addition to the general class of foundries and ma- chine shops, are establishments engaged in such special lines as repairing automobiles, aid in the manufacture of hardware; steam, gas, and water engines; steam fittings and heating apparatus; and structural iron- work. This industry ranked fourth in 1914 among the manufacturing industries of the state in number of wage earners, giving employment to 6,332, or 8 per cent of the total for all industries. Fertilizers. — ^Measxu-ed by the value of products, this industry ranked eighth in 1909 but took seventh place in 1914. The growth of the cottonseed-oil industry, and the utilization of phosphate rock have greatly facUitated the manufacture of fertihzers. The 80 establishments reported in 1914 gave employment to an average of 1,416 wage earners and manufactured products valued at $10,869,679; the percentages of in- crease over 1909 being 14.8 and 69.2 per cent, respec- tively. For the decade there was a remarkable growth of 61 in number of establishments, with increases of 157 per cent in wage earners and 364.3 per cent in value of products. The statistics, as presented in Table 2, do not fully represent the industry, as ferti- lizers reported as subsidiary products by establish- ments engaged chiefly in the manufacture of other products are not included. Complete statistics for the industry are presented in Table 27. Coke. — The importance of this industry is due to the abundant supply of coal suitable for coking purposes and to the demand for. coke in the manufacture of pig iron. The production of coke during 1914, as reported by the United States Geological Survey, amounted to 3,084,149 tons, valued at $8,408,443. The value, $10,353,477, given in Table 2 is the total value of all products of the coke works, which includes some products other than coke. There was a decrease of six establishments during the decade 1904 to 1914, but the value of products increased $4,178,351, or 67.7 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — '■ Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members . Salaried officers of corporations - Superintendents and managers . . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over , Under 16 years of age Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTOE- ING DTOUSTEIES. Total. 89,053 81,972 6,182 6,598 3,310 3,769 935 862 1,937 1,967 4,164 3,226 78,717 72, 148 75,584 68,495 3,133 3,653 Male. 81,490 75,066 6,102 6,544 3,255 3,727 919 853 1,928 1,964 3,591 2,836 71, 797 65,686 63, 413 1,948 2,273 Fe- male. 7,563 6,906 563 390 6,920 6,462 5,735 5,082 1,185 1,380 Per cent of total. Male. 91.5 91.6 98.7 99.2 98.3 99.0 99.5 86.4 87.9 91.2 91.0 92.4 92.6 62.2 62.2 Fe- male. 8.4 1.3 0.8 1.7 1.1 1.7 1.0 0.5 0.2 13.6 12.1 8.8 9.0 7.6 7.4 37.8 37.8 A predominating proportion (91.5 per cent) of all persons engaged in the manufactures of the state were males. During the five-year period, however, the proportion decreased by one-tenth of 1 per cent and was accompanied by a corresponding increase in the percentage of females. The largest number of females (6,920) reported for 1914 were employed as wage Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 19 earners, but the largest proportion (13.6 per cent) were reported as clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the perceintages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. This table shows an increase during the five-year period in the total number of the several classes of employees, but decreases in the classes of proprietors and firm members, superintendents and managers, and wage earners under 16 years of age. The propor- tion which these classes formed of the total was small, being 9.4 per cent in 1914. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 28.8 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried em- ployees. Wage earners over 16 years of age formed by far the largest class, being 84.9 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing indus- tries in the state in. 1914 and 83.6 per cent in 1909. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MAmjFACTUElNG INDUSTEIE3. Per cent ol increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 190? All classes : 8.6 8.6 9.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 iofi:o 100.6 100 Proprietors and officials -6.3 -12=2 8.5 -1.5 28.8 9.1 10.3 -14.2 -6.8 -12. 7 7.7 -1.8 26.6 9.3 10.1 -14.3 6.9 3.7 1.0 2.2 4.7 88.4 84.9 3.5 8.0 4.6 1.1 2.4 3.9 88.0 83.6 4.5 ■ 7.5- 4.0 1.1 2.4 4.4 88.1 85.7 2.4 8.7 , 5.0 1.1 2.6 3.8 87.5 84.5 3.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 7.4 91.5 75.8 15.7 8 0.6 Salaried officers of corporations .-. 0.1 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees 44.4 7.1 12.8 -14.1 5.6 "Wage earners (average number) 93 6 73 6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earUer census (see "Explana- tion of terms"). Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 6 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CUftl Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 89,053 3,310 7,026 78,717 81,972 67,884 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.6 20 8 Proprietors and firm members . 3,769 6,055 72,148 1,948 3,763 62,173 3.7 7.9 88.4 4.6 7.4 88.0 2.9 5.5 91.6 -12.2 16.0 9.1 93.5 60 9 Wage earners (average) 16.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. There was a decrease in the number of proprietors and firm members during the period 1909-1914, but with this exception, each of the classes shown in this table as well as the total for all classes combined show increases for both five-year periods. The increases, both absolute and relative, are much greater for the earher than for the later period. The average number of wage earners employed, and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industriM^ eeparatel similar distribution of wage earners for-l^¥Bma T9i For all industries combined, the actual number as well as the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over have been greater at each successive census, while there have been corresponding decreases in wage earners under 16 years of age. The propor- tion of female wage earners over 16 years of age re- mained about the same; the actual number of female wage earners, however, increased from census to census. Of the 23 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 16 show increases from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of males, 7 increases in proportion of females, while 5 show increases in proportion of children under 16 years of age. Three industries that gave employment to children in 1909 did not employ this class in 1914, and those industries for which data are given show a general decrease in the proportion of children employed. Men's clothing, and hosiery and knit goods are the only industries in which the combined proportion of women and children employed as wage earners is greater than that of men. The cotton-goods industry in 1914, as in 1909, gave em- ployment to the largest average number of female wage earners 16 years of age and over (4,384), this number being over three-fourths of the total female wage earners in the manufacturing industries of the state, but the proportion was less than in some of the other industries, being but 32 per cent. In the hosiery and knit-goods industry, children under 16 years of age formed 27.5 per cent of the total average number of wage earners in 1909, but by 1914 that proportion l^t6lSkdf^^'^ ^^^ ^^^*' '^^ ^^^® earners under T:o ySM^ 01 age were employed principally in the 20 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. manufactiire of cotton goods, hoisery and knit goods, and cordage and twine. These industries employed almost four-fifths of aUwage earners of this class, the cotton-goods industry alone employing nearly three- fourths of the total. Table 6 All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steamrrailroad companies. Clothing, men's Coke Copper, tin, and sheeHron work Cordage and twine Cotton goods Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured .t Iron and steel, blast furnaces Lime Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake , Printing and publishing , Stoves and ranges Turpentine and rosin All other industries Census year. 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Average number.! WAGE EARNEBS. 78,717 72.148 62,173 651 574 1,625 1,778 385 424 7,908 6,308 194 2,209 2,580 251 236 427 13,697 12,731 1,416 1,233 6,332 5,898 214 781 611 478 343 3,547 3,783 390 411 22,760 22,409 402 520 374 2,028 1,618 1,346 1,117 314 361 3,411 3,519 7,373 4,602 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 88.7 87.9 86.0 77.9 75.1 95.8 99.2 97.6 9.7 8.3 6.7 98.7 97.4 100.0 95.3 55.9 49.4 51.3 50.2 99.0 98.3 100.0 100.0 25.9 24.2 92.9 98.3 99.0 99.3 99.1 97.9 100.0 100.0 95.6 93.9 82.7 79.7 100.0 98.1 99.0 99.0 96.0 93.6 Fe- male. 7.3 7.0 7.3 20.4 19.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 90.4 91.8 31.7 25.3 32.0 31.1 0.1 68.5 48.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 9.9 13.8 2.8 3.6 Un- der 16 years 4.0 5.1 1.7 5.2 3.2 4.2 0.5 2.4 0.2 0.1 1.3 1.5 1.3 2.6 12.4 25.3 16.7 18.7 0.1 0.6 0.9 1.7 15.6 27.5 7.1 1.7 1.0 0.7 3.6 1.7 0.7 1.6 4.2 5.9- 7.4 6.5 1.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 2.7 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and average number for all industnes combined, see " Explanation 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. age periods, of the of terms." Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and -in -the caaaof those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EAENBES IN— SEX AND AGE. Annis- ton. Besse- mer. Bir- ming- ham. Gads- den. Mo- bile. Mont- gom- ery. Sel- ma. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,327 2,167 1,772 11,753 10,863 8,999 3,987 2,065 786 2,604 2,362 2,496 2,539 2,284 1,940 1,145 813 16 years of age and over: 1,829 1,727 1,766 '1,746 10,280 8,373 3,723 '464 444 196 119 182 68 2,026 777 "'a' 18 9 2,422 2,240 2,390 135 76 70 47 4fi 36 2,264 2,008 1,659 232 217 172 43 59 109 907 780 341 273 155 9 Under 16 years of age . . 157 167 6 7 83 24 Percent of total: 16 years of age and over— MaTo 78.6 79.7 99.7 99.6 94.6 93.0 93.4 4.3 4.« 4.9 1.1 2.0 1.7 98.1 98.9 ■"i.o" 0.9 1.1 93.0 94.8 95.8 6.2 3.2 2.8 1.8 1.9 1.4 89.2 87.9 85.5 9.1 9.5 8.9 1.7 2.6 5.6 79.2 95.9 14.7 12.6 13. S 1.1 Under 16 years of age 6.7 7.7 0.3 0.4 7.2 3.0 1 Figures do not agree with those published, as it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER CENT OP INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNEBS.l CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. years of age. Apnisto" , 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 7.4 1.1 172.5 20.7 125.7 162.7 4.3 10.2 -6.4 30.9 11.2 17.7 40.8 5.9 1.1 176.1 22.8 124.9 160.7 13 8.1 -6.3 36.5 12.7 21.0 16.3 24.9 -6,0 136.7 4.5 126.5 Gadsden -34.6 Mobile 34.9 6.9 26.2 Selma ■■-4,5."9 lA minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Each city shows an increase in the five-year periodT 1909-1914 in the total number of wage earners em- ployed. In 1914 the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greatly in excess of that for females in each city. Only a few wage earners under 16 years of age were employed in the manufac- tures of the different cities; the largest number reported in 1914 were employed in Anniston and were engaged principally in the manufacture of cotton and hosiery and knit goods. Four of the cities show decreases from 1909 to 1914 in both nmnbers and pro- MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 21 Birmingham is'the most important city of the state, and its manufactures gave employment to the largest number of wage earners. The proportion of males 16 years of age and over increased from 93 per cent in 1909 to 94.6 per cent in 1914, and during the same period the proportion of adult females decreased from 4.9 per cent to 4.3 per cent, while that of children decreased from 2 per cent to 1.1 per cent. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 162.7 per cent, is shown for Gadsden ; the next highest, 40.8, for Selma; and the third highest, 20.7, for Bir- mingham. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total ntmiber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with th&-percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. For 1914 the spring months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for March and the minimum for December. The year 1909 shows a different condition, the maximmn num- ber being employed in November and the minumma in Jime, while in 1904, the maximum number was reported for November and the minimum number for JiJy. The greatest diflference between the numbers for the maximmn and the minimum months in any one of the three census years was 10,293 in 1909, when the minimtun number formed 86.8 per cent of the maximum. Table 9 WAGE EARNERS IN MANTJFACTDRING FNDUgTRIES. MONTH. Number.! Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 January 80,668 81.479 83,080 81, 555 79,208 78,532 79,646 79, 181 78,750 76,231 73,262 73,022 70,620 70,394 71,048 69,168 67,611 67,561 68.902 72,193 75,507 77,196 77,854 77,886 63,993 6.3,342 62,921 62,484 61,493 61, 157 88,977 59,388 61,1.83 63,584 64,257 63,297 97.1 98.1 100.0 98.2 95.3 94.5 95. 9 95.3 94.8 91.8 88.2 87.9 90.7 90.4 91.3 88.8 86.9 86.8 88.5 92.7 97.0 99.2 100.0 99.8 99.6 98.6 97.9 April . 97.2 May 95.7 95.2 July 91.8 August . . 92.4 95.2 October 99.0 November 100.0 98.5 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those lor 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total namber employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative- day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries and for the total industries of each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 10 INDUSTBT AND OTT. WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employiment for each industry is indicaited by boldface figures and tliat of minimum by UHic figures.] All industries. Bread and other bakery products . . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other claV products Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- &( C&e Cordage and twine Cotton goods." Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Lime Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing. Stoves and ranges Turpentine and rosin All other industries Total for cities- Annbton , Bessemer BmMINQEAM.., Gadsden Mobile Montgomery. Selma Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 78, 717 651 1,625 38S 7,908 2,209 460 13,697 1,416 6,332 781 478 3,547 390 22,750 402 520 2,028 1,346 314 3,4U 8,087 23,315 2,327 1,772 10, 863 2,065 2,604 2,539 1,145 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 80,668 ««7 368 8,190 2,487 433 13,868 1,741 6,275 US H9S 3,642 414 23,778 397 .437 3,044 1,350 314 2,979 7,695 24,005 g,lSB 1,875 11,336 2,027 2,641 2,733 1,258 Feb- ruary. 81,479 1,625 384 8,071 2,406 454 13,884 2,391 6,456 743 304 3,736 417 23,939 382 442 2,748 1,372 338 3,003 7,775 24,285 March. 1,080 628 1,744 8,020 2,318 419 13,938 3,219 6,661 845 323 3,830 401 24,276 S81 461 2,045 1,368 337 3,501 7,973 24,225 April. 81,555 654 1,908 427 8,011 2,251 410 14,174 2,437 6,105 787 444 3,580 413 23,611 409 521 1,437 1,360 345 3,751 8,520 23,562 May. 644 433 8,010 2,301 m 13,924 1,235 6,085 810 582 3,550 414 22,976 415 562 855 1,357 sei 3,773 8,538 23,382 2,358 1,820 11,047 2,057 2,656 2,413 l.OSl June. 78,532 658 440 8,010 2,294 413 13,770 900 6,464 683 3,534 402 22,645 40O 601 581 1,342 328 3,798 8,550 23,697 2,423 1,944 11,189 2,030 2,611 2,443 1,057 July. 79,646 671 425 8,071 2,296 441 13,529- 801 6,782 706 3,786 422 23,207 399 606 57S 1,344 312 3,815 8,782 August, 79,181 657 1,833 423 8,131 2,236 512 13,072 710 782 704 3,822 407 23,141 429 602 695 1,341 317 3,658 8,860 24,044 24,138 2:491 2,010 11,404 2,131 2,537 2,433 1,038 ,578 903 434 224 ;536 424 ,039 Sep- tember. 78,750 676 1,590 405 8,058 2,169 511 13,262 814 6,411 758 634 3,536 370 22,468 414 678 2,467 1,333 349 3,543 8,404 23; 839 2,371 1,742 11,078 8,241 2,514 2,670 1,223 Octo- ber. 76,231 658 1,279 343 7,918 2,078 504 13,203 856 6,024 747 425 3,416 344 21,594 412 510 3,197 1,330 289 3,314 7,790 22,371 2,287 1,648 10,227 1,847 2,601 2,51U 1,251 Novem- ber. 73,252 657 1,112 B87 7,WS 1,850 13,748 921 1,889 747 330 S,06S 20,737 403 469 3^364 1,332 262 2,998 7,055 21,207 2,209 1,390 9,437 1,976 2,469 2, 518 1,208 Decem- ber. 7s,oaa 663 1,067 293 7,203 1,8216 J4,012 967 5,983 782 303 3,069 sso 383 451 3,340 1,S2S «6 2,799 6,862 21,052 2,139 l,2Si 9,302 2,094 2,523 2,634 1,206 Per cent mint- mum is of maxi- mum. 53.8 65.2 87.9 73.3 77.9 92.2 22.1 86.0 87.8 42.2 80.0 78.2 85.0 88.8 72.1 17.1 96.4 64.4 73.4 77.4 62.4 81.4 82.4 88.9 87.5 82.0 Digitized by Microsoft® 22 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. The important industries of the state show a fair degree of stability of employment. In some indus- tries, however, there is a marked variation in the number reported for the different months. The greatest degree of fluctuation is shown for cottonseed oil and cake, the number of wage earners in July (573) being but 17.1 per cent of the 3,354 reported for November. The manufacture of brick, tUe, pottery, and other clay products also shows a great variation iu the number of wage earners employed, the 1,067 reported for December, the minimum month, forming only 53.8 per crait of the 1,985 reported for May, the maximum month. The greatest stability of employ- ment is shown for printing and pubHshing, for which industry the proportion which the minimum number formed of the maximum was 96.4 per cent. Of the seven cities, Bessemer shows the greatest fluctuation in the number of wage earners employed, the percentage that the minimum number formed of the maximum for this city being only 62.4. For no other city was the corresponding percentage less than 81. The greatest stabiUty of employment is shown for Mobile, for which the percentage of variation was 88.9; and for three other cities — ^Montgomery, Annis- ton, and Gadsden — ^it was more than 82. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined, and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in this table for the state as a whole and for the selected industries emphasize the tend- ency toward a shortening of the working day for wage earners. In 1909, 24,954, or more than one- third of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours of labor were more than 60 per week, whereas 19,676, or about one- fourth, were so employed iu 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners in establishments which operated 60 hours per week increased from 32,109, or 44.5 per cent of the total for the state in 1909, to 36,131, or 45.9 per cent of the total in 1914; and during the five-year period there was an increase in the proportion in each of the four classes working fewer than 60 hours per week. Table 11 Census year. ■ — ■ ^ — ( AVEEAGE NVMBEB OF WAGE EAENEKS. niDDSTET AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prerailing hours of labor pet week were— 48 and imder. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. Allindustries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 78,717 72,148 6,765 4,083 1,564 1,312 9,804 7,423 4,777 2,267 36,131 32,109 12,797 19,874 3,607 1,719 8,372 3,361 651 574 1,625 1,778 385 424 7,908 6,308 2,209 2,580 460 427 13,697 12,731 1,416 1,233 6,332 5,898 781 611 478 343 3,547 3,783 390 411 22,750 22,409 187 15 129 150 88 232 iS 37 20 45 15 5,929 4,657 371 185 167 268 1,225 1,370 209 263 79 283 463 825 338 207 11,782 7,320 1,020 997 3,191 4,108 607 493 10 40 1,544 108 128 111 10,325 10,351 44 21 45 144 1 18 1,228 1,243 36 1,007 122 220 1,107 4,814 84 175 16 17 14 '32 12 11 1 7 14 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products .... 8 1 13 27 113 60 171 176 64 14 15 Carriages and wagons and materials fl Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad 612 123 71 57 companies. 2 744 442 Coke 524 49 IS Cordage and twine Cotton goods , 136 36 10 672 477 102 84 166 41 Fertilizers 3 4 197 82 31 16 1,318 1,033 Foundry and machine-shop products 174 86 1,436 672 174 Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured 7 118 115 31 86 59 196 260 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1,454 97 171 8,688 9,152 1,807 Lime 26 15 1,499 385 139 57 1,084 1,262 623 681 430 446 57 34 132 67 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 23 Table 1 1— Continued. Census yei)r. AVEBAGE NtTMBEK OF WAGE EAENEKS. INDUSTET AND CITY. Tptal. In establishments where the prevailing hours ot labor per weefe were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 64 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 402 358 S20 374 2,028 1,618 1,346 1,117 314 361 3,411 3,519 8,067 5,291 23,315 60 26 56 39 17 22 13 31 24 21 40 18 10 25 309 273 378 273 207 108 90 188 143 322 919 1,393 2,997 2,808 8,598 6 16 15 22 631 547 22 6 6 1,061 841 2 85 122 730 447 19 39 2,027 1,243 1,495 596 2,379 78 32 335 351 98 44 99 54 47 Sto"v ^^4 i^Tig^^s , ... * T^lrppntiTiA ftn^ ros'l 144 187 286 135 66S 152 248 773 370 4,418 40 24 476 395 2,214 82 359 464 361 2,179 47 65 1,360 342 1,630 All other industries 216 Total for cities 284 1,232 Anniston 2,327 1,772 10,863 2,065 2.604 2,639 1,145 148 14 1,420 120 452 161 64 8 13 276 1/ 227 S3 71 43 814 1,013 633 1,341 517 67 i' 1,698 33 28 449 2 1,732 571 4,888 231 294 495 387 364 6 463 16 179 813 338 12 321 226 876 33 25 137 20 29 870 139 Mobile 60 Montgomery 26 89 Among the separate industries, cotton goods show the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 61.5 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours were 60 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 91.9 per cent. A great change in the same direction is shown also for the hosiery and knit-goods industry. In 1914, for all industries combined, and for many of them separately, a larger number of the wage earners were employed in estabUshments in which the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week than in any other group. There was, however, an excep- tion in cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies, where nearly three- fourths of the wage earners were reported by estab- lishments where the prevailing hours were 54 per week, and in printing and publishing and turpentine and rosin industries where the prevailing hours for more than one-half of the employees were 48 per week and under. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 23,315, for the seven cities in 1914, 18,274, or 78.4 per cent, were in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were 60 or fewer per week, whUe 5,041 were in establishments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. In Montgomery more than one-sixth of the wage earners were employed in estabhshments in which the prevailing hours were more than 54 but less than 60 per week. This was a much greater pro- portion than that for any other city of the state. The largest proportion in the 60-hour group — ^nearly three-fourths — is shown for Anniston; and the largest proportion (32 per cent) in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were between 60 and 72 appears for Montgomery. On the other hand, the greatest pro- portion (17.4 per cent) in estabUshments reporting their prevailing hours as 48 and under per week is shown for Mobile. Location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which manufac- tures in Alabama were centrahzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that some cities — ^Anniston, Bessemer, Gadsden, and Selma — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, were in- cluded with those for outside districts at the prior census. A comparison for the seven cities combined for 1914, 1909, and 1899 shows increases for all items, except in the group " 25,000 to 100,000 " where there is a decrease caused by the increase in population between the years 1900 and 1910 of Birmingham, which ad- vanced that city to the next group. The state, out- side of these cities, shows a steady actual increase, ex- cept for number of establishments, but a sUght de- crease in proportion to the total for the state. In 1914 these seven cities, which represented 14.1 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 42.4 per cent of the total value of products, 29.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and only 22.5 per cent of the total number of estab- hshments. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 24 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. ailES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OVEE. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVINQ Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OVEB. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent oj ag- gre- gate. "NTiTmhor nf nlapAq 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 7 7 3 320,864 270,206 107,230 730 578 274 23,315 19,164 7,389 $75,773,558 49,040,250 15,028,755 30,486,561 19,762,396 7,792,138 4 4 2 2 3 97,350 89,657 107,230 216 199 274 5,143 4,646 7,389 $13,634,600 10,871,181 15,028,755 5,975,847 4,908,813 7,792,138 1 1 2,269,945 2,138,093 1,828,697 3,242 3,398 2,000 78,717 72,148 52,711 $178,797,633 145,961,638 72,109,929 71,386,199 62,519,120 34,111,696 14.1 12.6 5.9 22.5 17.0 13.7 29.6 26.6 14.0 42.4 33.6 20.8 42.7 31.6 22. a 67,360 47,864 2.5 2.2 4.3 4.2 5.9 6.7 5.9 13.7 6.5 6.4 14.0 7.6 7.4 20.8 8.4 7.9 22.8 166,154 132,685 7.3 •6.2 1,949,081 1,867.887 1,721,467 2,512 2,820 1,726 55,402 62,984 45,322 $103,024,075 96,921,388 57,081,174 40,899,638 8,5.9 87.4 94.1 162 131 5.0 3.9 352 24g 10.9 7.3 77.5 83.0 86.3 Average number of wage earners 7,309 5,519 9.3 7.6 10,863 8,999 13.8 12.5 70.4 • 73.4 86.0 $18,994,737 14,040,855 10.6 9.6 $43,144,221 24,128,214 24.1 16.5 ■;-57.6 66.4 79.2 Value added by manufacture 6,878,217 4,735,069 9.6 7.6 17,632,497 10,118,614 24.7 16.2 '■ 67.3 42,756.724 68.4 26,319,558 .!77.2 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measureid by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in that year. Table 13 CITY. ATEBAOE NUMOEE OF WAGE EAKNER3. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1014 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Birmingham Montgomery '..'. Bessftmer 10,863 2,539 1,772 2.604 2,065 2,327 1,145 8,999 2,284 > 1,753 2,362 . 786 2,167 813 3,987 1,940 "2," 495' $43,144,221 7, 779, .539 6,022,933 6,855.070 4,5S2i830 4,.S65,3R1 4,023,593 $24,128,214 5,442,287 5,800,625 5,428,894 1,525,091 4.332,890 2,382,219 $7,592,958 3,877,653 Mobile 4,942,331 Gadsden.. Aimiston ; Selma ' Figures do not agree with those published, as it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Birmingham ranks first among the cities of the state in value of manufactured products, showing an increase of $19,016,007, or 78.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The principal industries were the iron and steel works, foundries and machine shops, printing and pubhshing, the operations of steam-railroad repair shops, and the manufacture of cottonseed oil and cake, bakery prod- ucts, chemicals, and coke. In Montgomery, the sec- ond city in value of manufactured. products, the pro- duction of cottonseed oil and cake, and the operations of steam-railroad repair shops, were the leading indus- tries. The manufacture of cotton goods, food prepara- tions, flour-miU. and gristmill products, and fertilizers was also cairied on extensively. In Bessemer the iron and steel industry was by far the most important, but the products of the lumber Digitized by IVIicrosoft® mUls, the foundries and machine shops, and the coke ovens were also among the leading industries of the city. In Mobile and Selma the manufacture of cottonseed oil and cake and the operations of steam-railroad repair shops were the leading industries, while, in addition, in Mobile, printing and pubhshing, the lumber nulls, the bakeries, and foundries and machine shops, and in Selma the manufacture of cotton goods were also of great impgrtance. In Gadsden the iron and steel works was the leading industry. The operations of steam-railroad repair shops and the lumber mills were also important indus- tries. '^ In Anniston the leading industries were the iron and steel works, the manufacture of cotton goods, and the construction of steam-railroad cars. Birmingham metropolitan district. — The metropoU- tan district of Birmingham embraces 455,334 acres of which 32,020 acres constitute the area of Birmingham and 423,314 acres the area of the outside territory. The estimated population of the city of Birmingham proper, July 1, 1914, was 166,154, and that of the out- side territory, 76,416, the total for the district being 242,570. The district comprises, in addition to the central city, 30 precincts and portions of precincts in Jefferson County, and 2 precincts in Shelby County, including the territory lying within 10 miles of Bir- mingha,m city boundary. Included in the outside ter- ritory is one city— Bessemer— of over 10,000 popu- lation. Summary for the district.— Table 14 is a summary, for 1914, of the statistics of manufactures, with a statement of the estimated population in 1914 for the Birmingham metropolitan district, for the city of Birminghana^ for Bessemer— the other incorporated MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 25 place within the district , which had over 10,000 in- habitants in 1910 — and for the remainder of the dis- trict. The percentage which the totals for Birming- ham represent of the total for the district is shown for each item. In 1914 the Birmingham metropolitan district had 440 manufacturing establishments, which gave em- ployment to an average of 19,836 persons during the year and paid out $13,649,498 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 16,997 were wage earners. These estabhshments turned out products to the value, of $62,715,610, to produce which materials costing $37,952,700 were utihzed. The value added by manufacture was thus $24,762,910. Table 14 Population • Number of establishments Feisons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary borsepowei Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid tor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . BIEMtNGHAM METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. The district. Birmingham. District exclusive of Birmingham. Total. Bessemer. Remainder. 242,570 166,154 76,416 15,360 61,056 440 352 88 47 41 19,836 13,056 6,780 1,999 4,781 267 'l97 70 36 34 2,572 1,996 576 191 385 16,997 10,863 6,134 1,772 4,362 199,311 118,180 81, 131 15,700 65,431 $83,328,786 $55,843,541 $27,485,245 $6,659,019 $20,826,226 13,649,498 9,046,857 4,602,641 1 296,921 3,305,720 3,289,437 2,541,860 747 577 228,219 519,358 10,360,061 6,504,997 3,855,064 1,068,702 2,786,362 92,939 91,996 943 555 388 811,159 654,403 156,756 62,896 93,860 37,952,700 25,511,724 12,440,976 3,837,512 8,603,464 62,715,610 43,144,221 19,571,389 6,022,933 13,548,466 24,762,910 17,632,497 7,130,413 2,185,421 4,944,992 Per cent Birming- ham is of total for district. 68.5 80.0 65.8 73.8 77.6 63.9 59.3 67.0 66.3 77.3 62.8 98.9 80.7 67.2 68.8 72.1 1 Estimated population July 1, 1914. Following is an outline map of the district: p-jV f 30 /v ^ ( /\} K^^ \ \ C^24 -^ « x'l^ 50 As 47 ( / ^ -X, r\ "" i. _/^5 1^29 J 72 \. H i5 y C^' \ A T^^^^y ^S iH" / _,.-^IRMINGK IMU— ^ H) \ 44 ^^^~-^y' T 9 ^^'^'■^^ ' "!'"'f\ \ ^ V \ ^^\ 33 ■J X^l 13 N \ ' --r 4- -<"„„■,, -q -^ \ - / V 9 \^ JB?P ESISON If- \ ^ ^ /^ , ^ ' 41 \,^^^SMil.SYll 13 2 J The greater part of the value of manufactured products of the district was reported by factories in Birmingham. The city contained over two-thirds (68.5 per cent) of the population of the district, of which it is the manufacturing, commercial, and finan- cial center, and contributed over two-thirds (68.8 per cent) of the value of products. Its manufacturing establishments constituted 80 per cent of aU in the district and gave employment to 63.9 per cent of the average number of wage earners for that area. Bes- semer reported 9.6 per cent of the value of products, and its population formed 6.3 per cent of the total for the district. The districts outside of the incorporated places having 10,000 inhabitants had a combined popula- Digitized by tion equal to 25.2 per cent of the total for the dis- trict, and contributed 21.6 per cent of the value of its products. Comparison with earlier censtis. — Table 15 gives statistics for the district for 1914 and 1909. During the five-year period the average number of wage earn- ers increased 8.4 per cent and the amount paid for wages 27.3 per cent. Table 16 Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.^. Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Wages Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of prod- ucts less cost of materials) BIRMINGHAH METROFOLI- TAi; DISIBICT. 1914 242,570 440 19,836 267 2,672 16,997 199,311 $83,328,786 13,649,498 3,289,437 10,360,061 37,952,700 62,715,610 24,762,910 1909 211,961 326 18,124 193 2,245 15,686 127,224 $65,280,230 10,784,060 2,647,927 8, 136, 133 31,333,724 50,448,063 19,114,339 Per cent of in- 1909- 1914. 14.4 35.0 9.4 38.3 14.6 8.4 56.7 27.6 ^.6 24.2 27.3 21.1 24.3 29.6 Leading industries. — Table 16 gives statistics, for 1914 and 1909, for the leading industries of the dis- trict, so far as separate figures can be presented. Of ■ the industries shown separately in the table, iron and steel, blast furnaces, and steel works and roUing mills ranked highest in the value of products, with 45.2 per cent of the total for all industries re- ported for the district in 1914, and 46 per cent in 1909 ; followed by foundry and machine-shop products, with 12.3 per cent and 14.7 per cent, respectively. Microsoft® 26 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. Table 16 nlRMINGHlM METROPOLITAN DISTKICT. Census year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value of products. INDT7STBT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sal- aried em- ploy- ees. Wage earn- ers (av- erage num- ber). Value added by manulB|S- turo." District, total— AU industries . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 440 326 19,836 18,-124 267 193 2.572 2,245 16,997 15,686 199,311 127 224 883,328,786 65,280,230 $3,289,437 2,6-<7,927 $10,360,061 8,136.133 $37,952,700 31,333,724 $62,715,610 50, 448, 063 $24, 762.910 19,114,339 Bread and other bakery products. . Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Iron and steel, blast furnaces, and steel works and rolling mills. Lumber and timber products 20 16 85 48 12 13 32 25 17 10 60 55 214 159 456 414 3,959 3,917 5,732 3,270 378 376 140 83 960 677 8,211 9,387 20 14 55 26 ...... 28 9 7 12 38 43 119 88 00 57 370 296 771 786 50 64 33 21 425 273 863 748 376 343 3,534 3,595 4,961 2,483 300 303 100 60 497 361 7,229 8,551 259 168 6,198 5,580 163,376 102,940 1,524 1,923 167 41 862 342 26,925 16,230 521, 162 625,369 8,880,142 8,178,120 45,962,350 29,936,149 592,013 445,639 239,204 122,111 1,614,827 729; 896 25,519,088 25,242,946 64,420 61,466 579,871 422,966 1,006,292 1,022,904 56,488 39,246 50,290 22,134 473,116 237,203 1,058,960 842,008 161,288 146,787 2,114,659 1,865,057 3,333,464 2,518,223 151,719 136,713 47,629 25,103 387,974 255,250 4,163,328 3,189,000 589,118 583,465 4,031,134 4.093,195 18,235,909 15,550,902 924,708 636,885 253,960 92,171 554,467 302,996 13.363,404 10,074,110 1,039.0^ 945,707 7,694,718 7,400,372 28,345,035 23,226,265 1,343,070 905,855 505,055 212,398 2,100,431 1,172,730 21,688,296 16,584,736 449,887 362,242 3,663,584 3,307,177 10,109,128 7,675,363 418,362 268,970 120,227 1,545,964 869,734 Q ViA QQO All other industries 6,510 625 Character of ownership. — Table 17 presents sta^- tistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statis- tics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 17 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OP AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDUSTRY AND ClIY, establishments OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All. oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,586 1,695 816 874 788 578 782 915 488 78,717 72,148 62,173 9,885 9,869 6,902 61,057 54,879 49,740 7,775 7,400 5,531 12.6 13.7 11.1 77.6 76.1 80.0 9.9 10.3 8.9 $178,797,633 145,961,638 109,169,922 $13,061,732 1 12,452,801 1 9,266,408 $155,384,188 123,502,394 92,725,327 $10,351,713 10,006,443 7,178,187 7.3 8.5 8.5 86.9 84.6 84.9 5.8 6.9 6.6 riour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing. . . Turpentine and rosin Totaltor cities 47 45 49 32 834 1,064 161 163 74 72 248 10 10 72 55 153 172 65 S3 24 25 355 16 17 25 15 434 583 60 58 62 78 127 125 168 6,332 5,898 22,750 22,409 1,346 1,117 3,411 3,519 23,315 53 68 244 269 5,663 6,256 404 410 1,175 1,073 1,622 53 62 5,806 5,392 12,727 12,020 771 568 881 763 20,566 19 38 282 237 4,360 4,133 171 139 1,355 1,683 1,127 42.4 40.5 3.9 4.6 24.9 27.9 30.0 36.7 34.4 30.5 7.0 42.4 36.9 91.7 91.4 55.9 53.6 57.3 60.9 25.8 21.7 88.2 15.2 22.6 4.5 4.0 19.2 18.4 12.7 12.4 39.7 47.8 4.8 2,179,165 2,779,274 12,489,883 11,550,217 24,314,453 26,057,662 4,121,251 2,768,247 2,047,132 2,471,999 75,773,558 400,418 1,010,719 522,235 480,513 5,914,465 6,517,093 713,664 683,299 642,881 727,984 4,510,100 1,620,024 1,129,771 11,465,646 10,468,311 14,031,442 15,083,961 2,987,057 1,837,175 546,710 550,167 68,260,982 158,723 638,784 502,002 601,393 4,368,546 4,456,608 420,530 247,773 857,541 1,193,848 3,002,476 18.4 36.4 4.2 4.2 24.3 25.0 17.3 24.7 31.4 29.4 6.0 74.3 40.6 91.8 90.6 57.7 57.9 72.5 66.4 26.7 22.3 90.1 7.3 23.0 4.0 5.2 18.0 17.1 10.2 9.0 41.9 48.3 4.0 Anniston 7 27 105 11 58 24 16 26 15 192 19 44 42 17 7 5 55 4 31 17 8 2,327 1,772 10,863 2,065 2,604 2,539 1,145 26 98 417 28 424 221 408 2,269 1,666 10, 127 2,026 1,792 2,060 626 32 8 319 11 388 258 111 1.1 5.5 3.8 1.4 16.3 8.7 35.6 97.5 94.0 93.2 98.1 68.8 81.1 64.7 1.4 0.5 2.9 0.5 14.9 10.2 ^.7 4,365,381 6,022,933 43,144,221 4,582,830 5,855,070 7,779,530 4,023,593 68,292 822,706 1,114,981 69, 746 1,110,860 689,540 633,975 4,218,943 5,180,847 41,108,335 4,489,434 3,840,067 6,368,709 3,054,647 78,146 19,380 920,905 23,650 904, 143 721,281 334,971 1.6 13.7 2.6 1.5 19.0 8.9 15.8 96.6 86.0 95.3 98.0 65.6 81.9 75.9 1.8 0.3 2.1 0.5 15.4 9.3 8.3 Bessemer Birmingham Gadsden , Selma This table shows, for aU industries combined, an increase during the decade in the number of estab- hshments throughout the state under each form of ownership. The greatest proportion of the estab- lishments — ^nearly one-half of the total — is shown for those under individual ownership; but in value of products and average number of wagaeai owned by corporations greatly prena 1914, although only 27 per cent of the total number of estabUshments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 86.9 per cent of the total value of products and 77.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. For both 1914 and 1909, with the exception of the turpentine and industey, the largest proportion of the total icts for each of the five industries for MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 27 which separate statistics are given is shown for establishments under corporate ownership. This condition prevailed also in 1914, as regards aU indus- tries combined, in each of the seven cities. Size of facturing lishments Table 18. establishments. — The tendency for manu- to become concentrated in large estab- is indicated by the statistics given in Table 18 VALUE OF PBODUCT. JTOMBEK OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NTOIBEK OF WAGE EARNERS. VALXTE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,242 3,398 1,882 78,717 72,148 62,173 $178,797,633 $145,961,638 $109,169,922 $71,386,199 $62,519,120 $48,711,554 Lessthan $5,000 1,464 935 518 301 24 1,614 1,002 493 267 22 577 677 395 219 14 3,997 8,190 12: 68' 36,629 17,219 4,226 9,128 12,983 31,993 13,818 1,246 6,313 12,566 31,631 10,417 3,203,477 9,591,583 23,162,341 87,053,730 55,788,502 3,484,496 10,232,102 21,920,233 68,275,808 42,048,999 1,438,922 7,191,803 18,213,703 57,254,914 25,070,580 2,220,279 6,116,679 11,913,236 30,912,289 20,223,716 2,493,709 7,048,024 11,275,069 26,824,753 14,877,565 1,084,455 IS 000 to $20,000. .. 6,051,673 10,203,718 J20,00O to 1100,000 tl00,000totl,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 23,396,568 8,975,140 PEK CENT nSTEIBUTION. All classes.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Lessthan $5,000 45.2 28.8 16.0 9.3 0.7 47.5 29.5 14.5 7.9 0.6 30.7 36.0 21.0 11.6 0.7 5.1 10.4 16.1 46.5 2t.9 5.9 12.7 18.0 44.3 19.2 2.0 10.2 20.2 50.9 16.8 1.8 5.4 13.0 48.7 31.2 2.4 7.0 15.0 46.8 28.8 1.3 6.6 16.7 52.4 23.0 3.1 8.6 16.7 43.3 28.3 4.0 11.3 18.0 42.9 23.8 2.2 $5 000 to $20,000 .. 10.4 $20,000 to $100,000 20.9 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 48.0 18.4 This table shows that of the 3,242 manufacturing establishments in the state in 1914, 325, or 10 per cent of the total numiber, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 289, or 8.5 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 233, or 12.4 per cent, for 1904. For 1914 these estabhshments reported 68.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 79.9 per cent of the total value of products, and 71.6 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estabhshments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 45.2 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only 1.8 per cent of the total value of products. Table 19 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for five of the more important industries, a classification of estab- hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 18 for aU industries combined. Table 19 NUMBER OF ESTABUSH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distrihution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1M4 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Flour-mill and gbist- 73 72 100.0 100.0 125 168 100.0 100.0 $2,179,165 $2,779,274 100.0 100.0 $261,014 $373,834 100,0 100,0 Less than $5,000 35 21 12 5 146 18 29 18 7 102 47.9 28.8 16.4 6.8 100.0 25.0 40.3 25.0 9.7 100.0 24 28 36 37 6,332 14 43 51 60 5,898 19.2 22.4 28.8 29.6 100.0 8.3 25.6 30.4 35.7 100.0 78,217 202,890 1 454,601 1,443,457 12,489,883 51,415 318,636 761,830 1,647,393 11,550,217 3.6 9.3 20.9 66.2 100.0 1.8 11.5 27.4 59.3 100.0 17,618 35,090 75,381 132,925 6,174,821 9,275 57,543 79,518 227,498 5,323,199 6,7 13.4 28,9 50,9 100,0 2.5 $5,000 to $20,000 15.4 $20,000 to $100,000 21.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 . 60 9 Foundry and machine- shop PRODUCTS 100.0 Less than $5,000 41 46 30 29 1,421 17 25 29 31 1,819 28.1 31.5 20.5 19.9 100.0 16.7 24.5 28.4 30.4 100.0 81 287 815 5,149 22,750 32 198 813 4,855 22,409 1.3 4.5 12.9 81.3 100.0 0.5 3.4 13.8 82.3 100 122, 136 499,537 1,471,237 10,396,973 24,314,453 46,825 277,885 1,350,282 9,875,225 26,057,662 1.0 4.0 11,8 83.2 100.0 0.4 2.4 11.7 85.5 100.0 92, 189 335,503 841,241 4,905,888 14,914,735 33,496 177,954 751, 123 4,360,626 16,913,023 1,6 5,4 13,6 79,4 100,0 0,6 $5,000 to $20,000 3,3 $20,000 to $100,000 14,1 $100,000 and over' 81,9 Lumber and timber PRODUCTS .... 100 Less than $5,000 837 357 183 44 286 1,120 481 167 61 274 58.9 25.1 12.9 3.1 100.0 61.6 26.4 9.2 2.8 100.0 2,817 3,723 5,996 10,214 1,346 3,193 4,746 5,250 9,220 1,117 12.4 16.4 26.4 44.9 100.0 14.2 21.2 23.4 41.1 100.0 1,632,313 3,497,751 7,590,031 11,594,358 4,121,251 2,174,628 4,790,814 6,872,217 12,220,003 2,768,247 6.7 14.4 31.2 47.7 100.0 8.3 18.4 26.4 46.9 100.0 1, 180, 156 2,429,867 4,804,619 6,500,093 3,104,352 1,619,371 3,517,960 4,362,348 7,413,344 2,102,2,54 7,9 10,3 32,2 43,6 100,0 9 6 $5,000 to $20,000 20,8 $20,000 to $100,000 25.8 $100,000 and over 1 43.8 PRINTINQ AND PUBLI3H- 100,0 Less than $5,000 176 76 25 9 160 182 69 17 6 175 61.5 26.6 8.7 3.1 100.0 66.4 25.2 6.2 2.2 100.0 270 374 354 348 3,411 301 308 286 222 3,519 20.1 27.8 26.3 25.9 100.0 26.9 27.6 • 25.6 19.9 100.0 451,305 686, 156 1,084,608 1,899,182 2,047)132 460,291 615,850 669,290 1,022,816 2,471,999 11.0 16.6 26.3 46.1 100.0 16.6 22.2 24,2 36.9 100.0 356,704 537,018 800,889 1,409,741 1,525,946 371, 120 500,276 460,893 769,965- 1,986,207 11.5 17.3 25,8 45,4 100,0 $5,000 to $20,000 23 8 $20,000 to $100,000 21''9 $100,000 to $1,000,000 36 6 Turpentine and rosin. . 100,0 Less than $5,000 46 90 24 35 105 35 28.8 56.3 15.0 20.0 60.0 20.0 231 1,964 1,216 179 1,909 1,431 6.8 57.6 35.6 5.1 54.2 40.7 137,564 1,074,485 835,083 108,631 1,175,753 1,187,615 6.7 52.5 40.8 4.4 47.6 48.0 96,051 797,788 632, 107 77,598 933,589 975,020 6,3 62,3 41,4 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 and over 49 1 Digifrt^''tyy'mm^^dft® 28 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows increases for aU items in estabhshments having prod- ucts mider $5,000 in value, with the exception of the Iximber and printing and publishing industries, in which there were decreases in each it,em. For estab- lishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the f oimdries and machine shops and printing and pubUshing plants show increases in average num- ber of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture; flour mills and gristmills show decreases in all items; and limiber mills show an increase in the average mmaber of wage earners but a decrease in value of products and value added by manufacture. Table 20 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given ia Table 18 for the state as a whole. Table 20 i ll iz; WAGE earnees. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. aiY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. a s O Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, smd water"; "hard- ware"; "iron and steel, cast-u-on pipe"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heatingapparatus"; and "structural ironwork." 2 Includes "bookbinding and blMik-book making" and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. " "Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." $1,271 .1,003 640 619 349 $4,869 3,024 2,189 2,994 1,595 $5, 855 5,429 4,942 306 38 57 49 385 316 446 144 90 144 555 936 ; 761 50 53 84 578 414 345 64 129 178 3,648 3,128 2,687 $7, 780 5,442 _ 3,878 4,024 2,382 opSfons^ statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individii^ „,t,^i^f? "J^i"?* a^ee with those published in 1909, because it was necessary to tS^c^^?e^^ts"^?hl°eTt?"""'''*"*"°"^^'"*"^^^'^*'"^'''"^"*^'^^^^ Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 36 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTDUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 16, OB NEAKEST BEPEESENTATIVJ!; DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Ayer- age num- ber. Nimiber, IStli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 3,242 Agricultural implements . Artificial stone products . . Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products. . Brick and tile Brooms Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carnage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repau's by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cement Charcoal Clothing, men's Coffee, roasting and grinding. Coke Confectionery and ice cream. . Confectionery Icecream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cordage and twine Cordials and flavoring sirups Cotton goods Dental goods Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fertilizers , Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine shops , Boiler shops and foundries Furniture Gas and electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating. Hardware Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe.. Jewelry Lime Lumber and timber products Lumber,_ planin^-miJl products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds . Paving materials Pottery Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmtlng and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Roofing materials Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and ranges Struct uralironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. 80 73 II 79 66 13 10 3 14 5 5 55' 15 20 3 14 1,336 76 35 161 84 27 8 12 79 199 21 155 23 6 13 7 7 4 89,063 3,310 '2,872 37 69 192 157 35 21 115 243 909 1,764 65 26 45 472 384 221 505 76 253 61 2,391 366 216 150 330 479 34 14,096 31 37 1,816 248 79 2,168 1,817 351 117 20 323 80 801 642 3,870 3,876 6 433 24,383 1,071 485 109 843 2,499 93 307 42 685 830 716 SO 61 73 14; 6 3 7 1,724 66 43 4 169 16 22 2 14 76 210 17 170 23 2 13 2 29 9 8 167 12 2 7 6 36 26 6 10 10 207 5 160 21 12 99 83 62 63 1 21 572 69 16 13 64 241 14 13 2 62 109 54 48 igitiz^d 3,591 2 18 15 3 12 251 67 1 9 14 136 18 5 13 20 6 9 162 1 196 19 13 111 103 30 242 111 13 408 47 23 9 77 202 11 9 327 310 12 26 119 78,717 24 48 136 111 25 13 100 218 661 1,599 40 20 34 351 299 52 201 7,908 432 65 34 2,209 94 251 460 9 13,697 21 28 1,416 125 41 1,866 1,652 314 11 214 71 781 478 3,647 390 21,646 886 402 80 520 2,028 36 280 465 831 358 472 Mh 83, 080 Fe< Au Jy My 117 28 Au 15 An 114 Mh 247 Se 676 My 1,958 De Au Se 42 351 Je Se 60 Ja 224 Ja 8,190 Au 617 De 75 Mh 260 (5) 34 Ja 2,487 Ap 216 123 De 296 De 526 Myi 10 Ap 14,174 Ja' 22 « 28 Mh 3,219 Jy 136 Se 51 Je Jy My Ja4 Ja Au Mh Jy Mh Au 1,707 379 107 12 224 96 845 706 3,830 3,993 2 ■422 Mh 23,076 My 958 Au Api 429 91 Jy 606 No 3,354 Jy 4 Oc Je« Fe 332 29 476 Jyi Se 362 477 De 73,022 Au< 10 Mh< 34 Ja De« 103 Oc» 12 Fe« 84 Oo 178 Ja 627 De 1,044 Ap< Ja No 24 No Ja 209 40 Oc 176 De* 7,203 De 312 No 57 No 168 (5) 34 De 1,822 Jy Ja< 167 67 My 184 My 408 Ja* 8 Au 13, 072 Se 18 (5) 28 Au Oc Je* 710 119 35 No 1,262 My. 277 Ja No My* No Ja Ja No Ja 58 9 207 39 742 298 3,063 3,491 2 330 De 19,657 No 789 Mh Oc 381 67 ,Ta 437 573 A Mh 32 208 No* 23 De 438 Je* Ap No De No 356 467 1 43 23 110 226 90 (') 45 44 138 114 24 15 100 235 655 44 94 52 315 268 67 184 7,820 575 77 256 34 2,180 306 202 104 309 517 9 14,603 25 28 1,778 144 58 1,591 1,306 285 90 8 217 83 672 4,008 4,039 3 355 26,209 962 410 68 532 3,382 47 295 30 440 838 356 481 1 50 32 115 329 117 m 46 44 137 113 10 66 223 514 1,638 39 44 52 312 255 67 184 7,799 569 76 22 22 2,161 232 137 95 309 289 8 7,433 24 23 1,776 142 38 1,575 1,290 285 90 8 217 83 204 631 3,969 4,000 2 342 25,033 410 68 507 ;,374 41' 295 29 357 709 347 4,642 60 29 113 329 117 (.') 5 12 4 130 231 12 164 462 65 (') 13 24 1 1,313 40 1,115 23 (') 77 $227,505,432 115,750 23,412 242,028 225,901 16,127 19,114 36, 750 193,492 907,584 3,275,948 39,699 7,710 62,763 644,312 680,751 63,561 330,631 5,731,086 8,184,523 43,691 184,002 154,918 14,194,237 495,405 319,746 175,659 430,304 916,868 145,415 33,471,108 19,011 37,918 15,260,264 795,026 298,136 6,174,974 5,371,488 130,495 10,874 6,577,105 52,241 733,171 2,712,462 26,742,459 5,384,349 3,450 865,156 24,541,437 1,591,843 785,239 230,947 1,153,385 8,336,078 128,354 486,196 23,803 927,605 2,281,913 1,512,180 742,021 27,712 133,133 104,418 488,268 686, 149 430, 116 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than eleotric. 3 No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. 37 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. PO-WEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Klectric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments rej)ort- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors." Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. S4, 770, 169 $3,681,160 $33,896,871 $846,840 $398,269 $1,570,492 $89,489,156 $17,922,298 $178,797,633 $71,386,199 445, 762 375, 114 4,627 9,621 56,400 41, 789 2,820 4,440 23,721 17,951 5,770 3,700 7,812 11,916 64,284 107,765 2,200 120 2,450 43,006 35,886 7,120 9,886 226,031 33,732 2,200 12,670 11,040 129, 133 31,293 8,485 22,808 34,565 18; 100 17,640 436,585 4,304 8,270 253,711 43,029 27,842 193,375 163,007 30,368 14,450 4,350 28,614 5,500 18,375 117,968 187,558 135,972 1,800 22,010 771,663" 23,639 95,740 320,514 12,610 28,772 552 110,797 209,620 153,482 48,218 7,920 9,003 4,200 24,750 32,930 18,748 600 5,840 240 300 1,422 2,620 71,628 44,218 6,030 3,929 15,812 13,372 2,440 5,802 222,471 48,244 420 13,406 17,139 168, 130 17,392 8,024 9,368 18,451 7,417 6,975 154,462 2,658 1,293 238,668 17,642 15,305 175,811 166,709 9,102 3,300 1,310 40,513 150 10,553 27,295 231,743 141,170 11,770 369,333 44,308 9,612 12,076 72,884 161,342 8,960 12,592 66,381 363,525 324,029 18,218 11,278 1,987 1,300 2,080 14,320 33,230 10,406 15,510 115,549 95, 137 20,412 11,434 24,890 81,740 290,005 578,868 19,232 2,160 13,840 219,411 184,770 34,641 85,241 5,188,645 170,411 15,629 81,031 15,892 1,261,488 106,202 58,432 47, 770 129,689 154,413 5,036 4,206,039 15,071 21,114 546,343 47,647 20,839 1,081,581 876,481 205,100 40,561 5,862 128,694 29, 113 176,380 204,463 1,984,903 2,054,338 476 146,938 7,327,146 407, 409 214,851 34,624 207,960 697,043 18,322 112,455 9,441 290,160 532,058 318,636 213,372 160 30,462 23,742 48,251 177,085 84,715 300 240 5,890 15 25 150 150 4,675 45 "298' '298 155 672 i,889 100 4,705 4,705 15,500 2,240 180 644,876 5,075 2,180 1,737 1,423 360 213 100 24,732 72,656 28,631 6,084 38,041 26,785 1,238 100 400 19,340 16,280 3,060 1,845 625 1,458 36, 131 8,015 1,696 490 16,453 12,478 3,976 6,700 4,600 12,866 26,176 9,545 16,630 11,182 1,000 3,800 8,521 1,042 2,127 6,707 6,044 960 12,208 10,090 2,118 1,820 1,218 8 1,770 455 60 120 704 50 26,655 14,697 6,225 4,000 21,890 11,038 5,304 9,300 175 30,177 26,656 6,710 19,004 942 1,338 4,164 276 1,884 1,587 297 241 1,373 10,214 12,479 274 16 4,699 4,072 627 2,163 23,575 7,319 137 1,175 1,358 61,382 3,206 1,925 1,281 4,451 11,062 1,526 186,863 126 96,639 6,888 2,719 37,242 30,630 6,712 128 37,877 653 2,159 149,310 37,344 41 2,995 201,227 10, 171 6,439 2,641 24,078 69,114 1,045 8,864 68 6,991 20,466 13,614 6,670 182 1,254 754 3,463 11,922 17, 122 69,686 63,665 6,021 27,990 14,774 75,547 1,169,292 252,657 34,976 8,007 55. 251 236,656 204,528 32, 128 73,878 6,693,662 164,680 23,784 260,020 189,368 632,921 685,036 425,891 259, 146 517,329 805,509 113,929 17,216,356 22,209 13,733 7,980,996 1,890,960 481,026 1,626,106 1,113,916 511,190 68,257 6,661 127,978 43,069 438, 152 117,643 7,210,069 3,577,308 1,671 126,609 7,608,897 1,644,676 173,619 127, 757 1,075,879 12,037,414 49, 747 261,310 2,761 2,169 302 8,201 6,239 1,962 396 218 7,202 29,187 306,989 876 30 300 11,462 9,962 1,500 2,453 147,864 202,923 1,600 1,254 2,971 6,729,849 15,971 6,623 10,348 6,142 23,500 617 562,714 824 96,685 27,191 3,606 78,608 46,534 32,074 8,870 460 268,873 5,206 9,030 153,294 6,680,924 329,949 90 69,613 138, 137 26,260 23,117 2,230 16,739 302,716 626 20,443 1,168 13,437 34,065 1,025 D, 45,685 49,451 310,066 261,454 48,612 53,342 52,626 208,592 2,056,335 1,622,059 78,238 13, 516 90,256 617, 130 620,225 96,905 179,510 12,521,643 789,838 51,358 412,890 331,290 10,353,477 1,029,504 566,944 462,560 782,364 1,135,051 177, 244 26,622,583 53,793 51,421 10,869,679 2, 179, 165 652,930 4,032,986 3,072,920 960,066 184,478 18,673 1,124,693 99,255 764,408 1,201,106 20,065,739 6, 754, 103 9,650 398,290 21,333,482 2,772,379 640,724 260, 138 2,162,022 14,982,159 176,069 624,642 21,283 1,220,603 2,771,502 1,960,699 719,359 K TO 31,594 32,027 232, 179 191,550 40,629 24,957 37,634 125, 843 857,856 ,062,413 42,387 5,479 34,705 369,012 305,735 63,277 103,179 5,680,117 422,235 26,974 151,616 138,951 2,990,707 328,497 135,430 193,067 268,893 306,042 62,698 7,843,613 31,395 2,793,098 261,014 168,299 2,329,272 1,912,470 416,802 107,351 11,452 737,842 60,980 317,226 930,169 6, 174, 746 2,846,846 7,889 202,068 13,686,448 1,102,444 443,988 130,161 1,069,404 2,642,029 125,697 252,889 17,354 2,116,323 1,456,924 667,864 91,635 100,099 67,776 111,482 fp^ 366, 637 '^>' 206, 646 179 25 260 243 17 11 177 585 558 6,373 40 80 30 165 450 193 5,668 10 15 226 209 17 11 12 125 364 31 310 741 683 58 326 7,861 7,243 300 422 415 7 10 101 79 22 6,381 2,675 12 218 189 29 326 2,468 4,568 133 97 11,728 530 217 313 198 1,936 52 48,278 10 21 7,112 2,914 186 4,436 3,700 736 274 15 461 118 738 8,200 126,573 6,130 3 871 86,197 4,602 991 194 844 21,671 15 1,643 79 440 2,312 1,842 470 60 40 ,955 174 174 1,625 12 34,704 150 7,"72i' 3,763 986 100 2,143 1,552 591 831 234 4 111 96 15 101 101 461 33 97 4,773 360 43 307 196 260 40 5,833 10 21 2,518 1,229 81 2,081 1,951 130 188 15 650 7,485 120,573 3,920 811 84,077 3,810 678 50 459 227 470 "so' 715 156 21 60 817 118 245 6,000 2,180 2 94 19,192 1,261 59 308 1,016 103 120 28 10 193 193 636 194 339 1,343 11 355 13 429 2,086 1,839 76 685 180 21 212 279 227 18 242 1,521 1,200 1,147 135 135 20 '3,'i73 947 769 603 166 72 306 7,972 3,954 251 1,210 1 417 100 40 * Same number reported for one or more other months. 5 Same number reported throughout the year. 38 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. Table 36 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBY AND CITT. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male W^.TTlTIlUm month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Tobacco, cigars Trunks and valises. Turpentine and rosin Vinegar Wood, turned and carved.. All other industries * 33 5 160 3 3 92 183 25 3,760 12 75 41 3 214 3 2 S4 224 138 11 3,411 4 66 5,427 Fe Se 152 13 Jy 3,815 Au 8 Ap3 73 De My' 118 9 De 2,799 No 8 2 Oca 55 143 12 3,636 7 71 90 12 3,599 6 71 28 25 37 1106, 763 19, 717 1,038,681 13,196 52,204 48,399,266 * All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Baking powders 1 Belting, leather 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bookbindingand blank-book making. 4 Boots and shoes 2 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 4 Butter 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies... 1 Chemicals 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations . 1 Coffins, burial cases, ana undert^ers' goods •- 2 Cooperage 1 Druggists' preparations 3 Dyemg and finishing textiles 1 Dyestufls and extracts 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Explosives 2 Foundry supplies 2 Graphite, ground and refined 1 Hand stamps 2 House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 6 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets ■. . . 1 Leather goods.not elsewhere specified. 1 Liquors, distilled 3 Liquors, malt 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. BHUIHTGHAH— AU industries. Automobile repairing Bread and other bakery products.. Brick and tile Brooms Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- I>anies. Coflee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and dieet-iron work Dental goods Food preparations Foundry and machine-shop products Machine shops.. L Boiler shops and foundries Furniture Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces Jewelry Lumber, planing-mill products, not including plamng mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Oil. cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds. 29 Printing and publishing, book and job 30 Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and jdb printing. Publishing without printing Roofing materials Saddlery and harness Tobacco, cigars All other industries * *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 1 Bookbinding andblank-bookmaking. 2 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes, woodeu packing 2 Brass, bronze, and copper products 4 ' Owned 13,056 "isT 433 146 119 27 1,514 34 173 112 61 59 31 31 1,159 951 208 38 107 1,806 6 161 50 111 169 17 343 542 475 44 23 23 10 34 5,600 197 Is 16 1 4 13 10 3 686 1, 180 39 219 4 111 42 215 207 3 515 230 3 14 1 1 12 10,863 109 361 251 18 112 95 17 1,395 19 130 95 35 21 15 993 807 186 30 84 1,657 2 120 33 83 133 226 216 181 35 4,757 Au 11,434 Jy 116 Se 384 My 306 Jes 19 Je 119 Se 26 My 1,460 W 19 Ap 121 50 48 22 21 Je 934 Jy 207 Ja3 41 Jy3 Au 115 1,852 Vu 133 Se 46 98 241 9 Fe 240 Ja My 190 36 Au 19 0) 6 Mfys 35 De 9,302 Ja 101 Mh 344 No 205 De» 16 Ja' 76 Ja» 6 De 1,259 W 19 No Fe Ja Se Ja No 604 De 167 Oe 13 De 61 De 1,203 (<) 2 Fe 106 De» 23 De' 72 Au 4 W 9 Se 213 De Ja 175 34 Jas 12 6 16 be 11,148 110 352 234 17 105 83 22 1,431 19 146 107 39 36 25 21 853 663 190 28 1,805 3 127 35 72 234 221 209 174 35 % 6 31 4,920 10,550 110 238 225 13 105 83 22 1,424 10 HI 72 39 36 24 17 847 657 190 28 1,796 2 127 36 72 234 173 171 31 476 91 13 6 24 4,683 6 258 31 30 455,843, 541 140,266 513,768 364,633 19,240 86,970 68,050 18,920 1,360,661 117,627 268,629 213,107 56,522 35,031 19,011 118,269 3,812,674 3,200,750 611,824 46,547 968,008 10,214,144 3,450 384,733 79,622 216,626 444,871 33,150 561,307 939,211 890,153 33,426 15,632 25,200 14,783 7,339 058,071 35, Cars and general sho_p construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies Cement Chemicals Clothing, men's Coffins, Durial cases, and undertakers' goods Coke Cordials and flavoring sirups 6 Cotton goods ] 1 Druggists' preparations ..'....'. 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes 1 Electroplating !!!!!!! 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water. ....'. 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 3 Gas.iUuminatingandheattQg.V"" x Handstamps t , -, - .. ^ .,., . - Hardware i 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- Iron and steel, steel works mdVoliini 1 cludmg plate prmting 3 mills > ''™^ vvurits ana roiung power only. [)iQitiZ6d bV MICPSBBfi^ P"™"'' ot^ier than electric. Fertilizers . Flour-millandgristmiii products"'" 2 Foundry supplies o Gas and electric flxtures."!.!]]]""* 2 1 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 39 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Bent and taxes. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac^ ture. POWEE. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power Inter- gener- nal- Water ated Steam com- wlieels Electric in Total. en- bus- and (rent- estab- gines.i tion mo- ed). lish- en- tors.' ments gines.^ report- THE STATE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued, $1,000 6,065 77,946 900 4,700 597,338 $1,863 2,709 18,477 5,569 600 736,885 $54,275 7,638 850,201 1,341 22,050 3,438,288 $65 $5,852 4,236 1,103 804 1,200 26,841 $19,926 384 7,577 23 388 438,535 $75,942 15,323 516,511 9,514 31,040 10,815,090 $346 231 4,675 $191,563 42,232 2,047,132 28,621 74,000 20,475,651 $115,275 26,678 1,525,946 19,107 42,810 8,152,909 1 14 164 14 ? 11,592 114 50 1 1,400 11,043 150 1,507,552 285 78,879 285 64,829 80 13,970 18,233 6 Millinery and lace goods 1 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including jpaperpattems 2 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Photo-engraving, not done in printing establishments 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Sausage 3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 4 Soap 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied , 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 3 Steam packing 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids ... 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Wmdow and door screens and weatherstrips 2 Wood distillation, not including tiu'- pentine and rosm 3 Wood preserving 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MOBE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. $1,233,095 $1,308,765 $6,504,997 $91,996 $142,296 $512,107 $19,856,872 $5,654,852 $43,144,221 $17,632,497 118,180 110,907 103 7,170 22,046 1 18,721 30,650 18,450 2,200 18,390 13,910 4,480 52,821 7,040 21,093 6,925 14,168 5,315 4,304 8,306 103,134 85,829 17,305 5,700 36,843 84,032 1,800 28,680 7,800 24,900 23,076 3,656 77,844 95,892 89,828 3,664 2,400 5,800 4,580 30,534 8,641 2,130 5,440 3,600 1,840 65,561 11,459 12,152 4,044 8,108 1,063 2,656 3,310 113,914 105,894 8,020 1,920 6,418 81,950 96,179 1.53,832 102,250 9,845 94,995 84,457 10,538 966,171 11,044 51,536 33,849 17,687 20,966 15,071 13,048 602,678 470,827 131,851 13,284 33,019 905,268 476 76,107 25,520 39,411 51,636 4,978 153,554 196,984 180,392 16,592 14,905 12,367 875 690 9,449 7,230 2,219 1,472 6,631 2,697 100 1,003 750 253 6,020 871 1,418 773 645 673 126 845 22,361 17,887 4,474 370 10,839 66,852 41 2,479 801' 3,888 3,769 269 4,318 7,140 6,488 501 151 253 167 4,503 362,201 54,536 553,303 87,578 22,755 61,948 54,736 7,212 956,113 134,894 295,689 211, 106 84,583 29,783 22,209 111,324 1,041,033 670,334 370,699 25,657 19,276 3,947,974 1,671 401,190 30,016 232,015 959,674 9,481 166,424 345,060 321,023 14,392 9,645 55,976 12,176 19,509 10,259,608 5,998 11,628 45,677 395 3,509 2,803 706 33,152 1,956 7,396 3,886 3,510 1,171 189 2,340 48,406 24,905 23,501 835 37,000 3,586,517 90 7,356 1,840 2,144 13,862 139 6,730 11,915 10,296 1,619 232,641 995,942 355,465 41,626 203,618 174,430 29,188 2,074,995 214,049 437,537 277,689 159,848 73,484 53,793 147,834 2,344,777 1,634,362 710,415 49,716 337, 109 11,147,684 9,650 561,749 87,808 463,183 1,208,531 41,530 694,643 1,287,767 1,152,323 64,488 70,956 103,984 29,555 42,698 19,902,853 172,107 431,011 222,210 18,476 138,161 116,891 21,270 1,085,730 77,199 134,452 62,697 71,755 42,530 31,395 34,170 1,255,338 939,123 316,215 23,224 280,833 3,613,193 7,889 153,203 55,952 229,024 234,995 31,910 521,489 930,792 821,004 48,477 61,311 47,608 17,168 23,175 7,819,263 202 250 745 9 124 97 27 1,331 45 154 65 89 50 10 52 2,622 2,177 445 67 2,260 60,528 3 786 179 122 1,460 9 217 602 566 36 "■"iss' 685 20 182 65 60 5 107 80 27 543 45 129 40 89 50 10 52 1,500 1,395 105 32 50 ....... 25 61 "'487' 343 144 135 7,572 ""56' 2 3 200 265 4 17 17 5 6 7 8 9 150 150 788 25 1,800 10,880 5,805 5,075 4,314 1,042 680 9,432 7,422 2,010 840 25 25 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1,072 732 340 35 2,210 60,528 1 545 50 50 500 704 3,470 1,836 2,925 1,500 1,806 18,332 4,117 2,400 1,065 652 1,218 2,918 1,145 35,051 2 241 179 92 15,620 864 21,910 12,253 500 1,780 25 30 1,460 4 26 27 28 29 300 21,146 56,248 25,179 2,0Z8 29,041 5 217 602 5«6 36 50,564 227,763 213,075 7,510 7,178 1,840 32 33 7,520 4,442 13,261 2,841,922 400 211 14 1,823,982 22 5 12 10 5 35 36 37 546,648 626,223 i6,882 46, 326 J 43,339 2,987 13,698 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Ironandsteel, cast-iron pipe 4 Liquors, distiued 2 Mattresses and spring beds '. 3 Millinery and lace goods 1 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Models and patterns, not including paper {)attenis 2 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces , . 1 2 Slaughtering and meat pacldiig 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 3 Steam packing 2 Stoves and ranges 2 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 3 Tinware, not elsewhere specified. .. 1 Trunks and valises 3 Vinegar "' 1 Wood preserving [ 1 ' Same number reported throughout the year. 5 No wage earners reported. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 40 MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS WDUSTBT AND CTTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE mDUSTRY. WAGE EABNEBS DEC. IB, OB NEAEESI BEPKESENTAUVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Ann mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age nmn- ber. Number, 15th day of— M^e. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. MOBILE— All industries . Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Patent medicines and compounds . Printing and pubUshing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 133 3,130 120 36 31 139 199 128 165 35 11 144 155 80 1,887 132 1 117 16 2,604 71 33 25 111 173 110 154 105 74 63 1,652 Ap 2,777 My 3 73 Mh 35 Jas 25 De 171 Ap 201 Jy s 136 My 220 Ja» 29 D6» 5 My Mh Ja' 110 77 74 No 2,469 Jas 69 My 31 De» 25 Au 55 Au 155 Ja3 86 Jes Ja» De De 100 73 52 72 32 24 184 171 103 220 101 74 1,552 72 30 15 184 170 103 214 29 4 78 70 34 1,440 136 18 103 24 $5,974,553 174,350 8,923 32,215 162, 794 432,051 210,311 254,890 38,922 9,622 138,341 291,417 34,291 4,186,426 *A11 other industries embrace — Awnings, tents, and sails . .'. 2 B elting , leather 1 Bookbmding and blank-book making 2 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brooms 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cheese 1 Cofiee, roasting and grinding 3 Druggists' preparations 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Fertilizers .- 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 4 Food preparatioos 1 Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Liquors, malt 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Anniston Bessemer.... GADSDEN Montgomery. Seuia 2,491 1,999 2,284 3,029 1,340 61 56 61 159 42 72 120 130 225 109 2,327 1,772 2,065 2,539 1,145 Au Jy Se Ja Ja 2,578 2,010 2,241 2,733 1,258 Ja 2,135 Ee 1,254 Oc 1,847 Ap 2,391 My 1,031 2,423 1,914 2,127 2,633 1,278 1,905 1,908 2,087 2,348 1,012 355 22 241 173 43 $3,810,048 6,659,019 15,649,633 7,211,665 1,915,706 ' Owned power only. " Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ALABAMA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 41 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For •contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $254,303 $208,783 $1,305,790 $19,680 $66,589 $78,614 $2,615,209 $174,494 $5,856,070 $3,066,367 4,854 3,445 65 1,344 226 1 6,058 23,171 41,025 16,342 10,602 48,121 130,534 55,094 55,818 13,890 1,748 54,847 68,633 22,421 786,715 3,210 2,400 3,740 4,900 1,380 1,394 84 309 1,340 3,242 1,098 595 263 218 777 2,793 6,456 '60,055 232,321 6,710 44,382 158,982 83,411 6,686 117,572 18,560 4,723 53,921 73,155 22,855 1,791,941 6,130 506 1,909 2,864 8,284 12,813 6,680 734 102 2,467 4,025 260 128,731 393,380 37,797 91,450 246,931 385,493 143,702 296,838 60,000 13,684 197,226 367,310 64,101 3,678,158 154,929 30,682 45,159 85,096 293,798 124,203 172, 58» 30,716 8,859 140,838 280,130 40,986 1,657,486 104 29 56 88 503 350 720 43 2 82 144 6 99 21 56 88 178 3 ■ 8 1 3,300 16,100 29,925 7,400 8,540 600 5,602 5,146 3,420 2,160 360 1,600 4,808 52,968 900 108,149 200 266 4,225 4 S 325 350 705 6 7 1,963 6,801 1,270 120 6,988 2,730 2,704 30,346 15 43 2 82 144 8 q 10 9,200 29,661 1,000 144,119 2,616 3,000 11 1' n 7,410 2,734 2,060 57 617 223 14 Lumber, planin^-mill products, not tncludmg planing nulls connected with sawmills 5 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Mineral and soda waters 3 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Paving materials 1 Photo-engraving 1 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 4 Soap 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Trunks and valises..: 1 Wood distillation, not including tur- pentine and rosin 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $124, 100 101,249 122,706 273, 617 60,650 $74,857 126,970 110,229 212,608 102,621 $1,023,239 1,068,702 1,267,569 1,270,623 518,761 556 1,399 20,082 $5,040 6,411 4,858 46,742 12,663 $32,388 57,485 39,684 69,548 17,258 $2,373,316 3,173,487 2,213,764 4,689,037 2,911,384 $172,616 664,026 526,614 180,013 82,415 $4,366,381 6,022,933 4,582,830 7,779,530 4,023,593 $1,819,450 2,185,421 1,843,552 2,910,480 1,029,794 4,965 16,700 22,063 9,797 3,777 3,625 15,449 21,227 4,210 30 19 2 600 12 1,310 232 834 4,986 379 727 1,410 6,138 357 82 « Same number reported for one or more otber months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ARIZONA. By Laura V. Dann. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^Arizona was admit- ted to the Union in 1912, and was the last territory in continental United States to be granted statehood. With a gross area of 113,956 square miles, of which 113,810 represent land surface, it ranks fifth in size among the states. In 1914 there were in Arizona 57,748 square miles in unappropriated and unreserved pubUc lands of the United States, 27,432 square miles in Indian reserva- tions, and 20,810 square miles in national forests. Its inhabitants in 1900 niunbered 122,931, and in 1910, 204,354, and its estimated population in 1914 was 239,053. In total population Arizona ranked forty- fifth among the states in 1910; and in density of popu- lation it ranked forty-sixth, with 1.8 inhabitants per square mUe, the corresponding figure for 1900 be- ing 1.1. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 63,260, or 31 per cent of the total, as against 15.9 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 two cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000 — ^Phoenix and Tucson. These cities, whose aggregate popula- tion in that year formed 13.6 per cent of the estimated total population of Arizona, reported 6.1 per cent of • the state's manufactured products. Arizona is rich in mineral deposits but of little im- portance as an agricultural state. The rainfall is scanty and much of the soil is unproductive, although in many localities excellent yields can be obtained through irrigation. Only 1.7 per cent of the total area was in farms in 1910, and less than one-half of 1 per cent was in improved farm land. These per- centages are very much smaller than for any other state in the Union. The total value of the mineral products of Arizona in 1914, as reported by the United States Geological Survey, was $60,391,272. The output of copper was 393,017,400 pounds. The state ranks first in pro- duction of copper, fifth in that of gold, sixth in silver and in lead, and seventh in total value of mineral products. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914 Arizona's manufactured products were valued at $64,089,510, the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 6,898, and the value added by manufacture, $24,806,472. In that year the state ranked forty-first, both in value of products and value added by mamifacture, as compared with forty-second in 1909. In average nmnber of wage earners it ranked forty-fourth for both census years. Table 1 summarizes the more important statistics relative to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state of Arizona, for the census years 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from cen- sus to census. Table 1 MANOTACTUKING INDTjaTEIES. 1914 1909 1904 1899 PEB CENT OP INCREASE.! 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1901 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 322 8,014 267 849 6,898 84,697 $40,300,365 7,646,749 1,417,876 6,228,873 174,830 518, 426 39,283,038 64,089,510 24, 806, 472 311 7,202 261 500 6,441 39, 140 $32,872,935 6,303,324 798,141 5,505,183 18,796 273,184 33,600,240 50,256,694 16,656,454 $14, 5,217 133 291 4,793 21,412 395, 654 440,796 471, 548 r^ 3,969,248 179,124 '158,018 14,595,057 28,083,192 13, 488, 135 205 3,126 8,537 $9,517,573 2,556,656 269,304 2,287,352 7, in 7,876,542 20, 438, 987 12,562,445 3.5 11.3 2.3 69.8 7.1 39.7 22.6 21.3 77.6 13.1 830.1 89.8 16.9 27.5 48.9 84.0 sao 96.2 71.8 34.4 82.8 128.4 41.9 69.3 38.7 -89.5 42.0 53.3 150.8 51.2 73.7 75.1 73.5 130.2 79.0 23.5 85.3 37.4 7.4 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. » Exclusive of internal revenue. There was a considerable increase in the manufactures of the state during the 15 years covered by Table 1. From 1899 to 1914, the value of products increased 213.6 per cent; the value added by manufacture, 97.5 per cent; the average number of wage earners, 120.7 per cent; and the amount of lv*pepewer, 540.7 per cent. The decrease of 89.5 per cent in the amount paid for contract work during the period 1904-1909 is due to the change in the business methods of some important establishments and is no indication of an actual decrease in the magnitude 44 MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PER CENT OP INCREASE.' Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 190*- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1399- 1904 All industries 322 6,898 100.0 $64,089,510 100.0 $24,806,472 100.0 7.1 34.4 53.3 27.5 79.0 37.4 31.7 49.8 48.9 61.3 25.6 0.8 97.3 14.4 32.8 .50.1 45.6 23.6 15.0 5.4 7,4 Smelting and refininp:, copper 9 7 28 7 8 74 27 46 116 2,906 1,377 1,155 86 38 335 203 148 650 42.1 20.0 16.7 1.2 0.6 4.9 2.9 2.1 9.4 53,438,160 2,295,132 1,633,714 1,071,756 1,064,996 996,822 807,278 662.691 2,118,961 83.4 3.6 2.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.0 3.3 19,058,129 1,373,370 1,090,952 295,864 215,005 818,349 535,921 296,843 1,122,039 76.8 5.5 4.4 1.2 0.9 3.3 2.2 1.2 4.5 -7.1 26.4 37.7 33.2 -6.0 42.5 101.2 30.1 -4.1 15.2 99.2 -19.1 27.2 61.1 38.7 80.4 80.1 -5.9 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 118.3 101.5 77.3 66.8 93.4 95.1 80.4 65.8 ""94.'?' 124.8 94.8 84.3 69.7 77.6 80.5 196.2 Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . 43.7 Print.inf^-anH pnhlitjhing 25.0 73.5 32.1 41.8 120.9 Bread and other bakery products 91.5 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 21; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. or where comparable figures can not be given. The manufacturing industries of the state depend largely on its mineral production, copper smelting and refining alone forming more than four-fifths of the total value of products in 1914. Separate statistics are presented for eight industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $650,000 were reported in 1914. These industries include one with products exceeding $50,000,1)00 in value, four with products between $1,000,000 and $3,000,000, and three ranging between $650,000 and $1,000,000. The mdustries in the table are arranged in the order of their importance as meas- ured by value of products. The rank of some of the industries shown separately would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Copper smelting and refining, steam-railroad repair shops, and the lumber and timber industry, however, would have the same rank. Butter, cheese, . and condensed-milk factories, which rank fourth in value of products, hold seventh place both in value added by manufacture and average number of wage earners. The flour-miU and gristmill industry, fifth in value of products, is eighth in value added by manufacture and in average number of wage earners. Machinery is used largely in this industry and com- paratively few employees are required; therefore, the proportional value added to the raw material by manu- facttu-e is small ia comparison with the corresponding proportion for most other industries. In rank according to value of products there was but one noticeable change in 1914 as compared with 1909. The butter, cheese, and condensed-milk industry, flour mills and gristmills, and printing and publish- ing, ranked sixth, foTirth, and fifth respectively, in 1909, and fourth, fifth, and sixth, respectively, in 1914. The two remaining industries held the same relative position as in 1909. Digitized by Smelting and refining, copper. — In 1914, this indus- try gave employment to an average of 2,906 wage earners, the value of its output was $53,438,160, and the value added by manufacture amoimted to $19,058,129. These figures represent 42.1 per cent, 83.4 per cent, and 76.8 per cent of the respective totals reported for all manufacturing industries of the state. While the value of products shows an increase of 30.1 per cent over 1909 and value added by manufacture, 61.3 per cent, the average number of wage earners decreased by 7 A per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy •steaw^ailroad companies. — The statistics for this in- dustry represent the work done in car shops operated by steam railroads but excludes minor repairs in roundhouses. The operations consist almost exclu- sively of repairs to the rolling stock and equipment. Employment was given to 1 ,377 wage earners, or 20 per cent of the wage earners of the state, an increase of 26.4 per cent over the previous five-year period. The value of products was $2,295,132, which is a decrease of 4.1 per cent as compared with 1909. This decrease was due to the transfer of most of the repair work of the Southern Pacific shops from Tucson to California, after the fixe in Tucson in 1910. Lumber and timler products. — ^Under this head are included statistics for logging and sawmill operations and planing mills operated in connection with saw-, mills and independently. The industry as a whole was third in importance in 1914, having a product of $1,633,714, an increase of 15.2 per cent over the value reported in 1909. The increase in number of wage earners was 37.7 per cent and in value added by manufacture, eight-tenths of 1 per cent. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^This industry shows greater proportional increases for the decade \M©P08Gft'®^^'^ indiistry presented separately. In MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. 45 1904 the 5 establishments reported, made butter, ex- clusively, and their production was valued at $267,495. In 1909 cheese and condensed milk were included in the group imder this classification and reported 11 establishments, 58 wage earners, and products valued at $538,427 in the manufacture of which $388,090 worth of materials was consumed; the corresponding figures for 1914 were 7 estabhshments, 86 wage earn- ers, $1,071,756 value of products, and $775,892 cost of materials. Flmir-miH and gristmiU products. — ^The statistics for all merchant mills grinding wheat, com, and other grains are included in this classification. The indus- try showed considerable fluctuation during the decade 1904-1914. The marked progress from 1904 to 1909 was offset by a corresponding depression between 1909 and 1914. During the last period, the number of establishments decreased from 10 to 8; wage earners decreased by 16, or 29.6 per cent; horsepower by 248, or 31.6 per cent; and value of products by $251,761, or 19.1 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the aver- age number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average nimiber of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 8,014, of whom 6,898, or 86.1 per cent, were wage earners; 531 were proprietors and ofl&cials; and 585 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 6,835 were males and only 50 females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 22. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUItmG INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total.' Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male, 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 8,014 7,202 7,881 7,119 133 83 98.3 98.8 1.7 1.2 531 427 515 417 16 10 97.0 97.7 3.0 2.3 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried officers of corporations . . Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) — 267 261 100 51 164 115 5S5 334 6,898 6,441 255 253 98 60 162 114 520 299 6,846 6,403 12 8 2 1 2 1 65 35 62 38 96.5 96.9 98.0 98.0 98.8 99.1 88.9 89.5 99.2 99.4 4.6 3.1 2.0 2.0 1.2 0.9 11.1 10.5 0.8 0.6 6,885 6,404 13 37 6,835 6,366 U 37 50 38 2 99.3 99.4 84.6 100.0 0.7 0.6 15.4 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees ■ Wage eitneis (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 11.3 24.4 2.3 42.6 75.1 7.1 7.5 Male. 10.7 23.5 0.8 42.1 73.9 6.9 7.4 Female. Per cent distribution. Total. 1911 1909 100.0 3.3 1.3 2.0 86.1 85.9 0.2 100.0 6.9 3.6 0.7 1.6 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 6.5 3.2 1.2 2.1 86.9 86.7 0.1 5.9 3.6 0.7 1.6 89.4 0.6 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 12.0 9.0 1.6 1.5 48.9 39.1 37.6 1.5 100.0 12.0 9.6 1.2 1.2 42.2 45.8 45.8 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows increases during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees. The largest per cent of increase for both sexes com- bined, 75.1, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 85.9 per cent of the total num- ber of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in 1914 and 88.9 in 1909. There were only 52 female wage earners in 1914, an increase of 14 over the num- ber reported for 1909. Nearly one^ji^y^^ ^ females engaged in manufacturing industries in 1914 were clerks or other salaried employees. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age, is given in Table 5, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. number of men, women, and children 46 MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. employed as wage earners, in all industries combined, shows only slight changes from census to census, but individual industries show some variations. Butter, cheese, and condensed -milk factories and flour mills and gristmills employed only male wage earners 16 years of age and over in both 1909 and 1914. Bakeries and printing and publishing plants employed both women and children to some extent, but the proportion which these two classes formed of the total number of wage earners engaged in each industry in 1914 and in 1909 was neghgible. For both census years, more than 99 per cent of the wage earners employed in the other four industries were males 16 years of age and over. Table 5 Census year. ■WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.' Per cent of total. INDUSTRY. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years of age. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 6,89S 6,441 4,793 99.1 98.8 98.9 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.4 148 112 86 58 1,377 1,089 38 54 203 117 1,155 839 335 268 2,906 3,129 660 775 97.3 88.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 100.0 99.5 100.0 99.8 99.6 88.1 89.9 100.0 99.8 97.5 96.6 1.4 8.0 1.4 3.6 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies; T71i>nr-Tnin n^d pristTnill pmrlncts 0.6 0.5 "o.'i' 9.5 6.2 0.2 Printing and publishing 0.2 2.4 Smelting and refining, copper 4.8 2.6 2.9 0.2 0.7 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." Wage earners employed, by months. — ^Table 6 gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month : Table 6 WAGE EAENEES IN MANUTAUTUMNG INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Niunber.i Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 January 7,079 6,915 7,053 7,432 7,678 7,774 7,715 7,076 6,262 5,847 5,916 6,029 6,093 6,024 6,003 6,048 6,439 6,869 6,888 6,845 6,640 6,634 6,452 6,360 4,469 4,492 4,776 6,304 5,263 5,034 4,595 4,619 4,668 4,761 4,777 4,888 90.9 89.0 90.7 96.6 98.8 100.0 99.2 91.0 80.6 76.2 76.1 77.6 88.5 87.6 87.2 87.8 93.5 99.7 100.0 99.4 96.4 96.3 93.7 92.3 84.1 84.7 March -■ 90.0 April 10O.O M&y 99.2 June 94.9 July 86.6 87.1 86.9 October 89.6 90. 1 December , 92.2 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 16th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914, 1909, and 1904, the spring and summer months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for Jtine, 1914, for July, 1909, and for April, 1904; the minimum for October, March, and January, respectively. The greatest difference be- tween the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 1,927 in 1914. Table 7 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each. month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 7 INDUSTRT AND QTY. All industries Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Flour-mill and gristinill products Ice, manulaotured Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Smelting and refining, copper All other Industries Total for cities Phoenix Tucson ■WAGE EARNERS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by iCalic figures.] Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 148 1,377 38 203 1,155 335 2,906 650 1,022 446 576 Number employed on 15th day of the mouth or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 7,079 144 67 1 477 38 146 752 325 3,581 549 1,001 .449. Feb- ruary. Ul 1,351 38 151 800 334 3,392 640 1,019 453 Dig^jiz&q by March. 7,053 146 72 1,397 38 165 788 327 3,447 673 1,005 April. 7,432 152 74 1,361 38 191 1,198 336 3,399 684 1,012 May. 7,678 153 97 1,420 40 229 1,363 340 3,336 709 1,089 458 ra30 June. 7,774 156 100 1,420 44 253 1,367 333 3,402 1,077 July. 7,715 155 99 1,433 44 283 1,269 343 3,336 753 1,056 455 601 August 7,076 149 101 1,394 37 270 1,278 343 2,826 678 1,050 442 Sep- tember. 6,262 148 100 1,364 36 249 1,224 352 2,116 673 1,064 452 612 Octo- ber. e,8i7 142 100 i,m S4 197 1,247 327 1,960 556 Novem- ber. 1,312 H 165 1,288 339 2,029 SIS 464 544 Decem- ber. 1,311 36 147 1.2S6 2,048 660 434 SIO Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 77.3 51.6 65.0 91.5 54.7 71. a 90.9- MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. 47 Of the selected industries, the manufacture of ice, which is seasonal, shows the greatest degree of fluc- tuation, the number of wage earners in January being but 51.6 per cent of the number in July. The wide variance between the months of greatest and least emplojonent in the smelting and refining of copper, reflects the industrial depression of the last few months of the year 1914. Printing and publishing and the manxifacture of bakery products show the greatest stabihty, the minimum month of employ- ment being 91.5 per cent and 90.4 per cent, respec- tively, of the maximum. In the cities the monthly employment of wage earners was comparatively regular in 1914, the per- centage that the minimum formed of the maximum being 90.9 for Phoenix and 80.8 for Tucson, as com- pared with 75.2 for the state. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 8 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevaihng in the estabUshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for aU industries combined in the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. Table 8 Census year. AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEES. INDUSTRT ANB CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per were— week 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries . . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 6,898 6,441 873 579 53 95 8«0 749 3,046 3,441 1,367 1,165 566 260 46 12 67 150 148 112 86 58 1,377 1,089 38 54 203 117 1,155 839 335 268 2,906 3,129 650 775 1,022 22 14 1 12 22 4 749 628 25 66 28 9 29 67 46 360 112 6 6 85 47 13 3 is 15 6 2 - 26S 133 2 9 3 92' 1 Cars and general shop constniction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 13 211 22 21 3 1 1,100 821 8 3 13 6 16 41 16 61 2 37 11 322 212 6 6 12 7 12 55 39 1 1 2.906 3,129 58 276 51 All other industries 222 196 290 46 52 91 115 438 176 72 68 39 21 79 12 17 6 Total for cities 95 27 1 446 576 190 100' 37 15 42 396 20 31 59 9 54 25 17 27 Tucson The figures in the preceding table indicate Uttle change in the length of working hours during the last five years, the variation in any group being due to an increase or decrease in the number of wage earners for the industry in which that group predominated. Es- tabhshments operating from 54 to 60 hours per week show the greatest decrease. The number of wage earners in this group represented 53.4 per cent of the total in 1909 and only 44.2 per cent in 1914, the de- crease being due mainly to the reduction in the num- ber of wage earners employed in copper smelting and refining. In 1914, 19.8 per cent of the total number of wage earners were reported by establishments where the prevaihng hours of labor were 60 per week, as com- pared with 17.9 per cent in 1909. /Jfef (^g^fg^J^ ft^ traceable to the lumber mills, which employed more than 90 per cent of the wage earners reported for the group. Printing and publishing plants show the short- est hours of 6mplo3maent, 96.1 per cent of the wage earners of this industry were employed by establish- ments working 48 hours or less, as against 79.1 per cent in 1909. The cities show shorter hours of employment than were reported for the state as a whole. In Phoenix 190, or 42.6 per cent of all wage earners, were em- ployed in establishments operating 48 hours per week or less; while Tucson reported 396, or 68.8 per cent, in the group where the prevailing hours were 54. location of establishments. — Table 9 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manufactures I AtCH^S&ft'^^^ centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. 48 MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. Table 9 Cen- sus year. Aggregate. axiES HAVraG A POPULATION or 10,000 OB OVER. DISTBICTS OUT- SIDE OP CITIES HAVmO A POPU- LATION OF 10,000 OE OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1914 1910 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2 2 32,579 24,327 104 92 1,022 859 $3,936,992 3,503,762 1,930,577 1,370,224 ■ ■ " Population i . 239,053 204,354 322 . 311 6,898 6,441 $64,089,510 50,256,694 24,806,472 16,656,454 13.6 11.9 32.3 29.6' 14.8 13.3 6.1 7.0 7.8 8.2 206,474 180,027 218 219 5,876 5,582 $60,152,518 46,752,932 22,875,895 15,286,230 86.4 Number of establish- ments. Average number of wage earners. Value of products Value added by manu- facture. 88.1 67.7 70.4 85.2 86.7 93.9 93.0 92.2 91.8 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. A comparison of the totals for the two cities, for 1914 with 1909, shows an increase in number of estab- lishments, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. Manu- factures in the districts outside of the cities also show an increase in all items, except number of establish- ments, although the population in rural districts did not increase in proportion to the gain in cities. In 1914 the two cities, which represented 13.6 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 32.3 per cent of the total number of establishments, 14.8 per cent of the total average mmaber of wage earners, but only 6.1 per cent of the total value of products and 7.8 per cent of the total value added by manu- facture. Character of ownership. — Table 10 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manirfacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, i909i and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown, and for individual cities, the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 10 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. DTOUSTEY AND CITY. E3TABUSHMENTS OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AH oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals." Cor- pora^ lions. AU oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. Indi- viduals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 144 141 70 122 120 71 56 50 28 6,898 6,441 4,793 371 306 182 6,299 15,747 4,497 3 38 148 165 98 1,092 1819 252 154 749 228 388 114 2 38 2 18 5.4 4.8 3.8 91.3 89.2 93.8 3.3 6.0 2.4 $64,089,510 50,266,694 28,08.3,192 $1,194,444 l,a')5,203 681,552 $61,914,538 •48,305,675 27,136,784 $980,528 895,816 365,856 1.9 2.1 2.1 96.6 96.1 96.6 1.5 1.8 1.3 Bread and other bakery products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Ice, manufactured 34 33 1 2 2 3 16 10 38 35 47 2 1 6 6 21 17 8 9 24 21 35 10 6 1 2 4 3 4 4 12 8 22 148 112 38 54 203 117 1,155 839 335 268 1,022 110 94 ....„ 49 15 62 74 170 74.3 83.9 100.0 88.9 81.3 83.8 94.5 97.6 75.2 67.5 73.3 26.7 16.1 18.7 11.1 1.2 0.6 9.3 14.9 10.1 662,691 478,289 1,064,996 1,316,757 807,278 501,228 1,633,714 1, 419, 114 996,822 784,487 3,936,992 498,728 414,184 2163,963 2 64,105 75.3 86.6 100.0 90.0 87.0 83.1 89.4 94.3 76.5 66.4 71.5 64.2 84.7 24.7 13.4 3 1,064,996 11,185,699 702,135 416,477 1,460,136 11,338,826 762,201 442,334 2,814,916 6 38 13 14 5 31 40 103 11.1 "s.i" 4.2 1.8 15.5 27.6 16.6 « 131,058 10.0 "6.9' 8.0 4.0 1.5.2 19.0 15.6 17.9 11.5 6 106,143 50,115 43,623 23,144 83,069 192,944 508,065 13 Lumber and timber products. Printing and publisliing 34,636 129,955 57,144 161,552 149,209 614,011 10.0 2.7 1.6 8.3 24.6 12.9 32 15 25 10 18 4 446 576 105 65 252 497 89 14 23.5 11.3 66.5 86.3 20.0 2.4 2,530,174 1,406,818 452,647 161,364 1,623,809 1,191,107 453,718 54,347 17.9 3.9 Tucson 1 Includes cooperative establishments. 2 Includes the group "corporations." 3 Includes the groups "individuals "and ' ' Includes the group "all others." all others." '> Includes the group "individuals." This table shows marked increases during the de- cade, but only sUght gains from 1909 to 1914, in the number of estabhshments throughout the state under eachform of ownership. Thegreatest proportion of the estabhshments, 44.7 per cent in 1914, were owned by individuals, but this class produced only 1.9 per cent of the total manufactures, as measured by value of prod- ucts, and employed only 5.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. Corporations, in 1914, repre- sented 37.9 per cent of all establishments in the state but reported 96.6 per cent of the value of products and 91.3 per cent of the average number of wage earners. The form of ownership varji^ vidual industries. The bakeries, luml printing and publishing plants are more generally con- trolled by individuals than the other two industries given in the table; the bread and bakery industry is the only one in which the largest proportion of the value of products and average number of wage earners were reported by establishments owned by individuals. Each of the cities shows, for aU industries combined, the largest proportion of estabhshments under indi- vidual ovmership, while more than half of the value of products and average number of wage earners are reported for corporations. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- 'f/l®^!g©^f#'<'come concentrated in large estabhsh- ments, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 11. MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. 49 Table 11 NTTMBER OF E3TABUSHMENT3. AVERAGE irUMEEK EAKNEKS. OF ^7AGE VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 322 311 169 6,898 6,441 4,793 $64,089,510 $50,266,694 $28,083,192 $24,806,472 $18,656,454 $13,488,135 Less than $5,009 102 121 63 28 8 117 113 55 17 9 63 65 34 10 7 109 390 721 2,896 2,782 129 369 675 1,712 3,556 55 252 499 1,638 2,349 264,684 1,263,431 2,378,433 7,186,079 52,996,883 273,045 1,139,895 2,519,424 4,047,429 42,276,901 131,553 702, 212 1,658,579 2,828,867 22,761,981 181, 199 764,498 1,472,012 3,429,535 18,959,228 186, 124 689,982 1,424,581 2,099,212 12,256,556 101,003 $5,000 to $20,000 461,652 $20 000 to $100,000 843,931 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 1,806,350 10,275,199 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 31.7 37.6 19.6 8.7 2.5 37.6 36.3 17.7 5.5 2.9 31.4 38.5 20.1 5.9 4.1 1.6- 5.7 10.5 42.0 40.3 ■ 2.0 5.7 10.5 26.6 55.2 1.1 5.3 10.4 34.2 49.0 0.4 2.0 3.7 11.2 82.7 0.5 2.3 5.0 8.1 84.1 0.5 2.5 5.9 10.1 81.1 0.7 3.1 6.9 13.8 76.4 1.1 4.1 8.6 12.6 73.6 0.7 $5,000 to $20,000 3.4 $20,000 to $100,000 6.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 13.4 76.2 In 1914, 36 establishments, or 11.2 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 26, or 8.4 per cent, in 1909, and 17, or 10 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments reported an average of 5,678 wage earners, or 82.3 per cent of the total for the state, 93.9 per cent of the total value of products, and 90.3 per cent of the total value added by manu- facture. In the same year, the small establishments — those haATtng products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 31.7 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only four-tenths of 1 per cent of the total value of products. For the estab- lishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase from 91.2 per cent hi 1904 to 93.9 per cent in 1914". Table 12 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for four of the more important industries, a classification of estab- hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture similar to that presented in Table 11 for all industries combined. Table 12 NUMBER OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER WAGE EARNERS of VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. niDUSTBY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Bread and other p.akert products 46 40 100.0 100.0 148 112 100.0 100.0 $662,691 $478,289 100.0 100.0 $296,843 $203,800 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 10 28 8 27 11 23 6 23 21.7 60.9 17.4 100.0 27.5 57.5 15.0 100.0 6 73 69 203 3 53 56 117 4.1 49.3 46.6 100.0 2.7 47.3 50.0 100.0 30,060 319, 792 312,839 807,278 21,972 240,410 215,907 501,228 4.5 48.3 47.2 100.0 4.6 50.3 45.1 100.0 13,250 134,039 149,554 635,921 7,997 101,026 94,777 367,642 4.5 46.2 50.4 100.0 3.9 $5,000 to $20,000 49.6 $20,000 to $1,000,000 48.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 3 10 14 28 3 10 10 23 11.1 37.0 51.9 100.0 13.0 43.5 43.5 100.0 4 29 170 1,155 4 28 85 839 2.0 14.3 83.7 100.0 3.4 23.9 72.6 100.0 11,492 114,259 681,527 1,633,714 10,984 105,204 385,040 1,419,114 1.4 14.2 84.4 100.0 2.2 21.0 76.8 100.0 7,774 72,319 455,828 1,090,952 6,286 74,106 277,250 1,082,074 1.6 13.6 85.1 100.0 1.8 $5,000 to $20,000 20.7 $20,000 to $1,000,000 77.5 Lumber and timber prod- 100.0 lyess than $5,000 13 8 3 4 74 10 7 ""Vg" 64 46.4 28.6 10.7 14.3 100.0 43.5 30.4 ""26."i' 100.0 17 41 20 1,077 335 14 19 ""m 268 1.5 3.5 1.7 93.2 100.0 1.7 2.3 '96."i' 100.0 31,828 103,463 81.652 1,416,771 996,822 19,054 86,455 1.9 8.3 5.0 88.7 100.0 1.3 6.1 '"92.'6" 100.0 18,477 74,779 39,428 968,268 818,349 13,747 43,768 1.7 8.9 3.6 87.8 100.0 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 1,313,606 784,487 1,024,569 616,420 94 7 Printing and publishinq... 100.0 Less than $5,000 40 21 13 30 26 8 54.1 28.4 17.6 46.9 40.6 12.5 41 68 226 42 108 118 12.2 20.3 67.5 15.7 40.3 44.0 100,937 214,848 681,237 74,431 263,424 446,632 10.1 21.5 68.3 9.5 33.6 56.9 84,103 180,873 553,373 83,048 210,618 342,858 10.3 22.1 67.6 10 2 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 55 6 ' Includes the group "820,000 to $100,000.' In each of the four industries shown in the preced- ing table there was an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the number of estabhshments having products over $20,000 in value, and in the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture reported by such estabhshments. Printing and publishing shows the greatest increase in the num- ber of establishments having products .valued at less than $5,000, and while the hakeTyQiQiS^^' 82101°— 18 4 fewer small estabhshments in 1914 than in 1909, there was an increase in number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture reported by the group having products valued at less than $5,000. In all industries, except lumber, the large estabhshments reported greater proportions of the value of products and value added by manufacture for 1914 tban for 1909. licroson(& 50 MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. Table 13 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined, in each, of the two cities having more than Table 13 i Si il ■WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OP PBODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUPACTUKE. crrsr and valtje of PEODXJCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Phoenix 75 446 100.0 $2,530,174 100.0 $1,183,964 100.0 Less tlian $5,000 16 33 18 8 29 16 88 205 137 576 3.6 19.7 46.0 30.7 100.0 42,997 320,632 761,670 1,404,875 1,406,818 1.7 12.7 30.1 55.5 100.0 31,087 198,443 442,908 511,526 746,613 2.6 t6,000 to $20,000 16.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Tucson 37.4 43.2 100.0 8 10 11 10 42 524 1.7 7.3 91.0 20,861 124,241 1,261,716 1.5 8.8 89.7 13, 421 77,614 655,578 1.8 $5,000 to $20,000 . 10.4 $20,000 to $1,000,000 87.8 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 11 for the state as a whole. In the two cities the bulk of manufactures was re- ported by the comparatively lai^e establishments, although the small plants greatly outnumbered the large ones. In Tucson estabUshments having prod- ucts valued at more than $20^000 employed 91 per cent of the total wage earners and reported 89.7 per cent of the total value of products. The corresponding per- centages reported for Phoenix were 76.7 and 85.6 per cent, respectively. Table 14 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914, as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for aU industries combined, for eight of the more im- portant industries, and for the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 14 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOTING— 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 ■65 1 1 1 $ 1 1 i 1 ■a 1 t i 1 1 i Allindustries 322 6,898 35 194 487 63 695 9 240 3 213 10 1,732 6 2,060 2 1 471 Bread and other bakery products 46 7 7 8 27 28 74 9 116 104 148 86 1,377 38 203 1,155 335 2,906 650 1,022 7 1 20 34 4 1 4 16 18 36 90 14 2 9 44 42 79 4 2 33 27 1 1 25 45 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- 1 95 2 327 3 953 Flour-mill and gristmill products 4 8 5 16 29 92 36 177 Ice, manufactured 3 67 T-nrnber ^Tld timhfir jlrftrJncts.. , 2 289 2 788 Printing and publislung 1 28 1 51 Smelting and refining, copper 6 1,116 1 319 2 1,471 7 11 81 58 207 160 24 26 301 285 3 7 75 151 1 1 67 51 Total for cities 1 375 Phoenix. 75 29 446 576 8 3 44 14 119 41 18 8 188 97 4 3 88 63 1 51 Tucson 1 375 Table 15 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures iri Table 14, and for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual iadustries in the state as a whole. Table 15 njBUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF ■WAGE EAENEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEE. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEEAGE NUMBEE OP ■WAGE EAENEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPEOPIED NUMBEE. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 AU industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 7.1 7.2 10.1 7.4 3.5 4.7 3.1 7.5 25.1 16.3 29.9 33.0 21.3 24.0 Lumber and timber products.. . Printing and publishing Smelting and refining, copper... 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 3.6 3.9 23.6 39.6 3.1 1.5 52.8 51.1 25.0 68.2 77.0 3.6 8.4 9.3 13.9 15.2 Bread and other bakery prod- 60.8 57.1 16.3 15.5 0.1 23.7 29.6 21.7 46.2 22.3 42.9 31.4 37.9 16.9 ucts. Butter, cheese, and condensed 52.3 46.6 38.4 17.1 11.0 33.6 50.6 49.3 TTiilV- Cars and general shop construc- 6.9 25.7 23.7 24.8 69.2 39.2 31.8 23.5 15.7 26.7 7.1 46.3 19.0 27.9 42.2 16.8 11.5 15.0 14.8 19.7 10.9 10.3 11.2 5.0 11.4 tion and repairs by steam-rail- 2.8 76.3 70.4 45.3 34.2 7.4 31.4 road companies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 36.7 33.0 19.7 Phoenix Ice, manufactured Tucson 65.1 Of the 322 establishments reported for all manufac- I which the work was done by proprietors or firm mem- turing industries, 35, or 10.9 per ^^F^jrfWt^^l^ffW Mf^M^ffffl^^ classed as salaried employees. Where wage earners. These were small estaftlisnments m I wage earners were reported the number was so small MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. 51 and the term of employment so short that in computing the average number, as described in "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown. Among the industries the largest number of these estabhshments were reported for printing and publishing. The comparatively small estabhshments predominated in the majority of the industries of the state, 257, or 79.8 per cent, employed less than an average of 21 wage earners during the year. Notwithstanding the preponderance of these estabhshments, they furnished employment to only 1,182 wage earners, or 17.1 per cent of the total number employed. There were only 18 estabhshments in the state that reported more than 100 wage earners each, but these employed 5,263 wage earners, or 76.3 per cent of the total reported for all estabhshments. A comparison of the industries given in the table shows that ia the steam-raiboad repair shops, lumber mills, and in copper smelting and refining, the majority of the wage earners were in estabhshments emplojdng more than 100 wage earners each. In Phoenix and Tucson the small estabhshments predominate, each city reported only one estabhshment employing more than 50 wage earners on an average. Engines and power. — Table 16 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gener- ating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current) . It also shows separately the num- ber and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. This table shows that from 1909 to 1914 the power of engines and other prime movers employed in the manufactures of the state increased by 15,557 horse- power, or 39.7 per cent. The greater portion of this increase, 9,551 horsepower, is due to the increase in owned power. Steam engines and turbines constitute 98.1 per cent of the owned power in 1914 and showed an increase of 29.5 per cent since 1909; horsepower of internal-combustion engines and water wheels and tur- bines and motors decreased during the periods 1904- 1909 and 1909-1914. The greatest, percentage of in- crease is shown for rented power, now almost wholly electric. The amount of rented power had increased from 1.9 per cent of the total in 1904 to 9 per cent in 1909, and to 1 7.4 per cent in 1914. The increase in the use of electric motors run by cm-rent generated within the same estabhshment although considerable, has not kept pace with that in rented power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same estabhshments represented 78.1 per cent of the total electric power in 1909 and only 61.4 per cent in 1914. Table 16 NUMBER OP ENGINES OK MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 767 445 184 54,697 39,140 21,412 100.0 100.0 100 229 190 37 2 538 538 209 174 31 4 236 236 184 148 28 8 45, 177 44,312 795 70 9,520 8,918 602 35,626 34,212 1,285 129 3,514 3,314 200 ■ 20,997 19,338 1,392 287 415 165 250 82.6 81.0 1.5 0.1 17.4 16.3 1.1 91.0 87.4 3.3 0.3 9.0 8.5 0.5 98.1 PtPfliTi enpinpf? ftTid tiir^iTif^R 1 90 3 6.5 W^l^^r Ts^TlfiRls, t^irl^iTlftSj fvnf\ Tnntnfs 1 2 Rented - . 1.9 0.8 other ... .... 1.2 Electric 1,016 538 478 V 4% 236 260 120 120 23,118 8,918 14,200 15,100 3,314 11,786 4,821 165 4,656 100.0 38.6 61.4 100.0 21.9 78.1 100.0 Rented 3.4 f^ATiprHted y>y eptal>li,sli"iA"ts r^^porting 96.6 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. iiNot reported. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufactm-ing processes. Table 17 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined, and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries combined in each of the two cities. Table 17 COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.) Oil, in- cluding gasoline (barrels). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). INDUSTRY AND CITY. COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil in- cluding gasoline (barrels). nroUSTBY AOT) CITY. An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). An- thra- cite (tons, 2,200 lbs.). Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Gas (1,000 cubio feet). All industries 5,002 41,341 266,697 1,324,588 5,613 Lumber and timber products 1,650 14,204 323 1,509 22,341 1,065,573 8,548 75,648 30 Bread and other bakery products 43 295 3,507 389 14,380 440 44 5,438 25 11,180 98, 454 4,785 34,590 15 '" "53 Smelting and refining, copper All other industries 4,906 53 47 266,253 342 187 5 615 Brick Total for cities Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . . 58 2,972 Phoenix Flour.mill and gristmill products 958 551 145 42 29,939 45,709 2,041 931 Oas, illuminating and heating Tucson 47 6,153 ; Dim /linmRoff^ 52 MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for secxiring which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for two important in- dustries in Arizona are here presented, and also sta- tistics for power laundries. rionr-mill and gristmill products. — ^Table 18 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for the last three census years. Table 18 1914 1909 1904 Total value $1,064,996 $1,316,757 $743,124 Wheat flour: 79,414 $493,648 2,414 $9,756 3,706 $97,593 14,878 $463, 999 79,526 $530,244 1,902 $9,121 23,054 $777,392 72,898 $422, 111 913 Corn meal and com flour: Barrels $4,225 Bran and middlings: Tons Value 11,201 $316,788 Feed and oflal: Tons Value This industry shows a decrease of 19.1 per cent during the period 1909-1914. Feed and offal com- bined with bran and middlings formed 52.7 per cent of the value in 1914 and showed the greatest decrease for that year, 27.7 per cent. Corn meal and com flour increased 7 per cent in value and 26.9 per cent in quan- tity; while wheat flour decreased 6.9 per cent in value and one-tenth of 1 per cent in quantity. Printing and publishing. — Table 1 9 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue of the different classes of publications for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 19 PEEIOD OF ISSUE. NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total 76 73 60 111,064 79,808 66,589 Daily 16 8 46 6 19 9 41 4 16 4 38 2 32,875 18,244 41,420 18,525 33,328 17,400 24,675 4,406 22,354 10,273 133,962 Sunday 1 Includes "all other classes," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. An increase in the number and circiilation for all publications combined is shown for each of the five- year periods. The gain in nimiber during the later five years was only 3, as compared with 13 from 1904 to 1909, but in circulation there was an increase of 39.2 per cent from 1909 to 1914, as compared with 19.9 per cent, during the earlier period. The class of publications having the largest circulation in 1914 was the weeklies. Their increase m circulation from 1909 to 1914 was 16,745, or 67.9 per cent. During the same period the circulation of the dailies de- creased slightly, their number being reduced by 3. Although Sunday newspapers showed a decrease of 1 in number from 1909 to 1914, their circulation increased 844; during the decade 1904-1914, their number doubled and their circulation increased 77.6 per cent. Nine of the 16 daily newspapers published in 1914 were issued in the evening, and their aggre- gate circulation was reported as 16,023. Of the "aU other classes" 3, both in 1914 and 1909, were monthly publications. All publications in 1914, except 3 weekly newspapers, were printed in the English language. These 3 weeklies were printed in Spanish, and their aggregate circulation was 1,800. In 1909 there were 6 weeklies printed in Spanish, with a circulation of 3,000. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 20, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Arizona for 1914 and 1909. Table 20 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Sabries and- wages Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done. POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 17 403 19 25 359 264 $266, 812 225,676 30,998 194,678 10, 402 76, 779 425,999 1909 13 309 11 15 283 298 $193,351 169,747 16,280 153,467 11,899 74, 153 369, 282 Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 30.8 30.4 72.7 66.7 26.9 -11.4 38.0 32.9 90.4 26.9 -12.6 3.5 15.4 'A minus sign (-) denotes decrease. In 1914, as in 1909, Arizona ranked forty-third among the states in amount received for work done and forty-fifth in number of persons engaged in. the industry. The foregoing summary shows increases for all items given, except primary horsepower and rent and taxes, the former showing a decrease of 11.4 per cent and the latter 12.6 per cent. The amount re- ceived for work done was $425,999 in~l914, represent- ing an increase of 15.4 per cent over 1909. In 1914 there were 17 laundries, an increase of 4 over 1909. Estabhshments owned by individuals reported 45.1 per cent of amount received for work done; those operated by corporations, 43.8 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 11.1 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. 53 GENERAL TABLES. Table 21 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904 the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, . similar data for all industries combined. Table 22 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown without the disclosure of operations of individual establish- ments, and the statistics for aU industries combined for the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 21,— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. IMDUSTBY ANB CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AKD CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value ofprod- ' ucts'. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All Industries-. Bread and other bakery products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Flour-mill and grist- mill products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 322 311 169 6,898 6,441 4,793 148 112 66 58 30 1,377 1,089 1,159 54 54,697 39,140 21,412 315 350 263 2,401 892 481 536 784 465 S6,229 5,505 3,969 53 88 51 22 1,187 976 961 34 42 24 $39,283 33,600 14,595 366 274 132 776 388 190 922 1,301 292 850 1,129 641 S64,090 50,257 28,083 663 478 245 1,072 538 267 2,295 2,394 1,329 1,065 1,317 743 Ice, manufactured . Lumber and timber products. Frinting and publishing Smelting and refining, copper. All other industries 1914 1909 1904 27 23 13 203 117 72 3,153 2,569 1,190 1186 112 55 S271 144 58 1914 1909 1904 128 23 9 1,155 839 542 3,126 2,953 2,338 826 639 413 543 337 208 1914 1909 1904 74 64 50 335 268 189 273 221 94 303 232 161 178 168 107 1914 1909 1904 9 8 7 2,906 3,129 2,349 41,993 29,042 15,649 2,969 2,776 2,050 34,380 29,242 12,487 1914 1909 1904 116 122 53 650 775 350 2,862 2,310 932 505 581 230 997 617 480 S807 501 1,634 1,419 1,037 997 784 470 53,438 41,059 22,762 2,119 1,767 971 CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Phoenix, 1914 1909 446 304 1,779 669 S418 242 {1,346 864 52,530 1,467 Tucson. 1914 1909 576 555 1,977 1,403 $476 512 $660 1,270 $1,407 2,037 1 Includes "lumber, planiug-mill products, not includiag planing mills coimected with sawmills." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 54 MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. Table 22 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, INDUSTRY AND CTTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su^er- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 322 8,014 267 264 620 65 6,898 Je 7,774 Oc 5,847 (') m w (') e) S40,300,365 ? 4 3 46 12 4 3 7 4 10 8 11 7 4 9 27 17 11 5 16 4 13 61 9 52 3 9 16 19 15 24 226 110 62 15 1,476 33 45 67 103 68 35 118 271 1,164 58 14 52 17 101 428 18 410 38 3,228 65 294 6 3 56 12 2 7 20 148 96 37 15 1,377 27 30 38 83 54 29 59 203 1,110 45 11 31 9 69 266 1 266 30 2,906 40 241 Je Ap Se5 Jy Ja AU5 Jy Jys 8 20 156 132 39 19 1,477 29 37 44 No Ja F6 5 Ja Oc Des Fes No 6 6 20 141 28 34 11 1,284 26 24 34 8 20 147 176 39 12 1,368 29 30 40 77 45 32 59 191 1,312 6^ 14 39 21 64 267 2 265 30 2,667 42 8 20 143 176 39 12 1,368 21 30 40 77 45 32 59 190 1,310 54 14 39 19 53 230 2 228 30 2,667 35 21,645 32,228 264,369 178,123 354,673 48,898 1,347,347 46,911 59,155 553,530 290,600 191,987 98,613 1,071,662 1,493,979 3,244,665 117,969 64,600 131,991 22,156 114,121 667,661 22,377 645,284 28,364 29,156,879 70,612 918,327 3 AntnmnhilA rBpairing 1 15 4 Bread and other bakery products Brick 1 2 8 6 2 2 fi Butter 7 7 Cars and general shop construotlon and repairs by electno-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. S 4 11 3 9 7 2 ■■■i2' 15 8 3 19 6 14 48 8 40 5 ""i9' 14 30 1 2 11 6 5 1 27 32 24 2 69 2 13 6 2 3 30 19 13 3 1 ....„ 2 6 2 <» 8 in Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products.. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. . Mn/»hinfi shnps 11 1? 11 Fe Mh i^ Je Fe My iV Se 61 38 75 283 1,314 61 17 47 21 87 No De Se Ja Ja De Oc De Aus Oc 44 24 51 146 696 29 7 19 2 60 14 I'; Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured 1R 1 2 17 18 Lumber, planing-miU products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work, other than slate. 19 w 1 ""8 33 4 29 2 47 2 23 1 2 8 62 3 59 1 264 4 11 ""2 19 2 17 ...... ....„ ?1 2 10 20 22 1 Printing and publishing, job printing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 1 6 "2 94 No* 3-y Ses Ja ApS 3 273 31 3,681 48 Jy6 Ja Ap6 Oc No 255 29 1,960 27 25 '6 Printing, publishing, and job printing. Saddlery and harness 20 5 2 ?7 Smelting and refining, copper ?S 7 9** All othpr i^dustrifts *. , 1 *A11 other industries embrace- Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 2 Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese 1 Lime 2 Liquors , malt 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 75 29 645 679 70 19 46 24 67 49 16 11 446 576 Je My 462 631 Oe De 420 610 467 590 445 581 22 6 1,980,326 962,341 Tucson 3 > Owned power only. > Includes rented power, other than electric. s No figures given for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms.?! Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ARIZONA. 55 AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $647,444 J770,432 $6,228,873 $174,830 $72, 103 $446,323 $34,425,345 $4,857,6 $64,089,510 $24,806,472 54,697 44,312 1,397 70 8,918 14,200 2,500 1,809 2,700 11,946 55,505 1,800 3,200 26,047 10,380 8,280 2,100 16,406 56,114 70,770 3,537 1,800 10,080 63,026 2,904 60,122 3,300 252,794 2,000 51,739 600 13,432 91,763 1,200 748 18,405 5,280 2,100 3,180 16,696 18,935 24,474 2,936 400 720 10,149 77,312 2,609 74,703 800 457,420 3,062 16,111 5,142 19,910 131,203 70,896 40,702 14,361 1,186,604 16,680 29,534 34,054 72,406 47,050 25,356 40,602 185,933 777,931 48,322 9,708 22,138 5,543 57,745 245,590 966 244,624 27,098 2,968,571 25,018 193,182 120 13,603 200 25,081 20,214 4,867 95,503 200 13,546 456 744 17,050 720 13,223 4,150 1,860 2,328 85 85 1,020 420 600 3,892 8,828 1,632 7 805 84 2,945 500 8,912 19,857 1,192 18,665 1,375 1,380 3,036 3,742 121 406 2,794 680 2,602 HI 306 774 5,996 2,871 2,136 735 17,958 15,714 24,362 1,436 1,580 300 1,445 6,848 45 6,803 160 316,714 5,298 8,665 2,900 351,520 2,360 446,329 12,068 808,870 51,299 77,740 832,784 45,325 26,387 18,938 15,487 105,719 432,303 70,505 9,370 47,705 5,676 44,912 118,514 605 117,909 55,609 30,083,270 43,617 752,798 108 604 14,328 36,708 7,564 10 112,892 2,258 441 17,207 6,414 3,904 2,510 74,193 165,638 35,092 4,862 1,159 297 2,167 12,880 135 12,745 1,015 4,296,761 39 64,161 20,300 32,691 662,691 175,615 598,162 26,439 2,295,132 89,375 138,671 1,064,996 171,871 114,562 57,309 267,249 807,278 1,462,791 170,923 24,350 114,311 21,461 179,532 817,290 42,082 775,208 111,120 53,438.160 104,382 1,294,720 11,527 29,187 296,843 136,647 144,269 14,361 1,373,370 35,818 60,490 215,005 120,132 84,271 35,861 177,569 535,921 995,396 95,556 14,085 65,447 16,488 132,453 685,896 41,342 644,554 54,496 19,058,129 60,726 477, 761 20 300 162 25 2,401 16 10 536 170 90 80 646 3,153 2,878 112 44 33 37 236 1 235 29 41,993 1,601 32 125 1,463 365 35 35 560 2,502 2,868 45 35,386 213 60 10 20 5 38 256 24 25 938 16 4 108 100 25 75 438 'i95' 32 2 37 201 1 200 29 6,182 847 600 15 168 2 13,700 Photo-engraving Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap Sugar, cane 1 Tobacco, smoking 1 Trunks and valises . Wall plaster.... CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $82,173 40,280 $88,567 47,714 $417,648 476,107 $21,056 2,506 $26,279 12,265 $29,782 7,228 $1,259,539 594, 108 $86,671 66,097 $2, 530, 174 1,406,818 $1,183,964 746,613 1,779 1,977 1,055 1,250 711' 727 6 150 * Same number reported throughoat the year. ^ Same number reported for one or more other moDths. ^ None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ARKANSAS. By Henrt W. Sandmetee. GENERAL STATISTICS, General character of the state. — Arkansas was formed from a portion of the territory originally known as Louisiana, and became a state of the Union, Jmie 15, 1836. With a gross area of 53,335 square miles, of which 52,525 represent land area, it ranks twenty-sixth among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 nmnbered 1,311,564, and in 1910, 1,574,449; and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,686,480. In total population Arkansas ranked twenty-fifth among the states in 1910; and in density of popula- tion it ranked twenty-ninth, with 30 inhabitants per square mile in 1910, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 25. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 203,104, or 12.9 per cent of the total, as against 8.5 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 six cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000 — ^Argenta, Fort Smith, Helena, Hot Springs, Little Rock, and Pine Bluff. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 8.2 per cent of the estimated total population of Arkansas, reported 26.3 per cent of the state's man- ufactured products. The railroad facUities of Arkansas are good, except in the mountainous regions of the north central and west central sections. The state has a nmnber of navigable rivers which have been important factors in its industrial development. Arkansas contains large deposits of bituminous and semianthracite coal, which are accessible for industrial purposes, and its extensive timber areas provide abundant material for the lumber and timber products indiistry, which is by far the most important branch of manufacture in the state. Agricultm-e is the leading industry. The total value of all farm crops in 1909 was $119,419,025, the most important being cotton (including cotton seed), $63,155,683, and cereals, $31,262,922. The state's cotton crop of 1914 amounted to 1,016,170 equivalent 500-poimd bales, or 6.3 per cent of the total for the United States. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914, measured by the value of products of its manufactur- ing industries — $83,940,587 — ^Arkansas ranked thirty- seventh among the states and, with an average of 41,979 wage earners engaged in such industries, the state ranked thirty-second in this respect. In 1909 the state ranked thirty-fifth in value of products and thirty-second in average number of wage earners. In 1914, as compared with the total value of products of manufactures for the United States, Arkansas's pro- portion was small, three-tenths of 1 per cent. The corresponding proportion for both 1909 and 1904 was four-tenths of 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials -. Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANUPACTUKING DfDUSTKIES. 1914 2,604 48,440 2,917 3,544 41,979 177,208 $77,162,485 24,914,702 4,162,971 20,751,731 2,111,137 1,066,743 44,906,808 83,940,587 39,033,779 1909 2,925 61,730 3,455 3,293 44,982 173,088 $70,174,345 22,573,772 3,460,876 19,112,896 2,034,264 837,250 34,934,912 74,916,367 39,981,465 1904 1,907 37,657 2,140 2,328 33,089 109, 509 $46,306,116 16,853,525 2,309,890 14,543,635 2,182,638 3 459, 820 21,799,346 53,864,394 32,065,048 1899 ^l 1,746 1,649 31, 525 79,560 $25,384,636 11,446,539 1,262,386 10, 184, 164 18,288,045 39, 887, 578 21,599,633 PEB CENT OP OTCBEASE.l 1909- 1914 -11.0 -6.4 -15.6 7.6 -6.7 2.4 10.0 10.4 20.3 8.6 3.8 27.4 28.6 12.0 -2.4 1904- 1909 63.4 37.7 61.4 41.4 35.9 68.1 61.6 33.9 49.8 31.4 60.3 39.1 24.7 1899- 1904 9.2 60.3 6.0 37.6 •82.4 47.2 83.0 42.8 19.2 35.0 48.5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. During the period from 1904 to 1909 the manufac- tures of the state increased more rapidly than during either of the other five-year periods for which statis- tics are given in Table 1. The decree^ -in -thj lam. 'ismf of estabhshments and persons engaged is due primarily to the decrease in the number of lumber mills, as shown by Table 30. The small mills engaged exclusively in for consumption in the neighborhood (57) 58 MANUFACTUEES— ARKANSAS. are not included in the census. It is possible that some mills reporting both custom and merchant saw- ing at prior censuses were engaged exclusively in cus- tom work at the census of 1914, and were omitted from the enumeration. It is also probable that there has been a decrease in the number, especially of the small sawmills in the state. This decrease in number of es- tabhshments naturally results in a corresponding de- crease in the number of proprietors and firm members and in the average number of wage earners. There were 41,979 wage earners employed on the average in the maniofacturing industries of the state during 1914. A larger number, however, was employed at certain times. The height of employment was shown for the month of August, when 45,506 wage earners were re- ported (see Table 8). While the value added by manufacture increased during the two five-year periods ending with 1909, there was a decrease of 2.4 per cent for the period from 1909 to 1914. As shown by Table 2, this decrease in value added by manufacture occurred in a niunber of industries throughout the state, and necessarily is accompanied by a greater increase in the cost of mate- rials than in the value of products. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 IKDUSTRT. CENSUS OP 19U. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. PEB CENT OP mCEEASE.l Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries.. 2,604 41,979 100.0 $83,940,587 100.0 139,033,779 35.9 5.0 12.0 35.0 24.7 48.9 Lumber and timber products oil, cottonseed, and cake Flour-mill and gristmill products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Prmting and publishing Rice, cleaning and polishing Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons and materials. . Ice, manufactured Furniture Cooperage Mineral and soda waters Foundry and machuie-shop products. Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables Confectionery (ice cream) Wood, turned and carved Brick and tile, terra cotta, and fire- clay products Saddlery and harness Confectionery Mattresses and spring beds Marble and stone work Muierals and earths, ground Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. All other industries 1,252 43 102 19 307 5 160 46 65 21 17 85 52 31 18 26 23 12 7 51 7 30 162 29,698 1,165 282 3,634 892 116 387 534 424 522 485 177 319 354 395 60 85 99 106 59 86 1,553 70.7 2.8 0.7 8.7 2.1 0.3 0.9 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.4 0.8 1.1 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 3.7 43,115,000 9,249,457 5,802,099 4,971,093 2,341,989 1,837,478 1,441,894 1,186,636 1,114,651 1,112,784 1,054,317 698,511 633,440 579,209 516,601 506,574 460,598 413,551 361,254 329,446 289,992 262, 832 262,202 5,399,079 51.4 11.0 6.9 5.9 2.8 2.2 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 6.4 24,910,948 l! 649, 101 630,105 2,831,734 1,695,058 131,962 608,465 529,782 769,189 626,459 383,668 328,422 232,684 209,006 243,469 334,560 151,353 108,361 138,486 168,632 99,424 132, 637 1,840,254 63.8 4.2 1.6 7.3 4.3 0.3 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 4.7 -9.8 7.3 11.8 -9.1 213.5 24 8 -45.1 20.5 -23.2 32.1 -28.6 55.5 37.7 17.8 18.6 29.5 -4.6 38.2 -5.1 30.2 27.1 81.3 111.5 34.9 -0.9 70.8 25.2 23.1 50.5 180.3 32.2 75.2 233.0 134.1 32.0 42.6 6.1 18.8 3.3 19.7 12.5 94.5 22.5 -28.7 35.9 14.2 38.6 96.4 -39.7 107.7 27.0 57.7 51.7 36.0 44.3 20.2 64.9 34.2 46.9 42.3 68.9 115.6 68.0 16.6 14.8 33.0 58.3 436.2 39.1 127.0 259.2 177.4 "is." 2 -5.4 -7.6 -16.7 18.2 9.6 41.8 21.8 -37.3 25.4 6.2 -6.7 63.2 -38.7 137.3 16.7 141.1 38.7 39.4 37.7 48.2 38.0 7.1 29.2 44.5 31.6 98.1 60.5 -2.2 70.5 15.7 38.7 484.6 74.6 126.0 242.6 197.5 62.6 -7.6 37.3 -34.8 -20.6 5.3 -28.4 1,080.0 -23.9 -5.0 15.2 48.4 -4.5 108.9 28.7 560.7 10.7 376.9 69.7 45.2 9.6 91.5 -17.3 -9.3 66.4 26.5 -18.1 1,415.8 35.1 14.6 -24.1 685.3 186.9 -22.5 220.7 45.1 23i.'i' 124.0 67.3 18.4 i77.'4' -16.8 -12.5 5.8 29.8 -25.7 1,230.1 28.6 -13.2 -27.2 825.0 164.4 14.6 174.4 30.6 iss.'i' 107.0 44.4 41.5 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 31; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; where the percentages are omitted comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 23 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $200,000 were reported for 1914. These iudustries include 1 with products exceeding $10,000,000, 2 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000 in value, 8 between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 12 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those iacluded under the head of "all other industries" the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibihty of dis- closing the operations of individual estabhshments, are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, as follows: Coffee, roasting and grindiag; fertihzers; food preparations, not elsewhere specified; roofing mate- rials; and wood preserving. DioitiZBd bV The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Lum- ber and timber products is the only industry which ranked aUke in aU three respects. Oil, cottonseed, and cake, second iu value of products, was third in number of wage earners and fourth in value added by manufacture; while flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts, third in value of products, was fourteenth in number of wage earners and sixth in value added by manufacture. The manufacture of flour and other cereal products consists largely of the simple process of grinding grain, requiring few employees, while the value added to the raw material by manufacture as MffPf^Qi^ft^h. the corresponding value for most MANUFACTUEES— ARKANSAS. 59 other industries, is very small. On tlie other hand, the foundry and machine-shop industry, ranking thirteenth in TaJue of products and average number of wage earners, was eleventh in value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, lumber and timber products; oil, cottonseed, and cake; flour-mill and gristmiU products; cars and gen- eral shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies ; and printing and pubhshing held the same rank in value of products at both censuses. Bread and other bakery products; carriages and wagons and materials; and manufactured ice ranking seventh, eighth, and ninth in 1914, were seventh, sixth, and tenth, respectively, in 1909. The manufacture of furniture ranked tenth in 1914 and ninth in 1909. The manufactiu'e of confectionery, which held nine- teenth place in 1914, ranked twentieth in 1909. For the remainder of these industries slight changes are noticeable from the earlier to the later census. Lurriber and timber froducts. — ^This industry, the most important in the state, embraces the operations of logging camps, sawmills, planing mills, wooden- packing box and window and door screen factories. In 1914 the value of products of the industry repre- sented 51.4 per cent of the total value of products of all manufacturing industries of the state. While there was an increase in the value of products of $2,475,000, or 6.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, there were decreases in the number of establishments and average number of .wage earners of 26.2 per cent and 9.8 per cent, respectively. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — ^The statistics presented comprise those for all estabUshments engaged pri- marily in extracting oil from cotton seed or in refining crude cottonseed oil. Second in importance in the state at the last three censuses, this industry, although showing a decrease in the number of estabhshments, shows substantial increases in the number of wage earners, amount paid in wages, cost of materials, and value of products. For the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners increased 79, or 7.3 per cent, while the value of products increased $1,461,000, or 18.8 per cent. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — This industry, which excludes custom mills grinding for toll or local consumption, measured by value of products, ranked third in 1904, 1909, and 1914. There was a shght increase in the value of products dxiring the five-year period 1909-1914, although there were decreases in number of estabUshments and average number of wage earners. These decreases were in harmony with the conditions prevailing not only in this state but in the industry as a whole in the United States, and are due largely to the abandonment of a number of small mills and to the fact that some mills engaged in both merchant and custom grinding at prior censuses were doing only custom work during 1914, and therefore were omitted from the census. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUEACTUE- mO INDtrSTKIES. CLASS. Total. Mnle. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 48,440 51,730 47,191 50,701 1,249 1,029 97.4 98.0 2.6 2.0 Proprietors and officials 4,438 4,922 4,336 4,849 102 73 97.7 98.5 2.3 1.5 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried officers of corporations. . Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 2,917 3,465 412 438 1,109 1,029 2,023 1,826 41,979 44,982 2,826 3,389 405 432 1,105 1,028 1,767 1,620 41,088 44,232 91 66 7 6 4 1 256 206 891 750 96.9 98.1 98.3 98.6 99.6 99.9 87.3 88.7 97.9 98.3 3.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 0.4 0.1 12.7 11.3 2.1 1.7 16 years of age and over 41,672 44,467 307 525 40,826 43,763 262 469 846 694 45 56 98.0 98.4 85.3 89.3 2.0 Under 16 years of age 1.6 14.7 10.7 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 48,440, of whom 41,979, or about five-sixths, were wage earners, 4,438 were proprietors and officials, and 2,023 were clerks. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 40,826, or 98 per cent, were males, and 846, or 2 per cent, were females. Corresponding figures for individual industries will be found in Table 31. The majority of the females engaged in the manu- factures of the state were employed as clerks or in other subordinate salaried positions, or as wage earn- ers. The canning and preserving of fruits and vege- tables and printing and pubhshing newspapers and periodicals are the only industries in which a consid- erable number of females were reported as wage earn- ers, and Table 31 shows that on December 15, or the nearest representative day, 1,159 and 130 female wage earners were employed in these industries, respec- tively. Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons engaged in mamifactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Digitized by Microsoft® 60 MANUFACTUEES— ARKANSAS. Table 4 All classes . Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUEING DTDUSTBIES. Percent Of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. -6.4 -9.8 -15.6 -6.9 7.8 10.8 -6.7 -6.3 -41.5 Male. -10.6 -16.6 -6.2 7.5 9.1 -7.1 -6.7 -44.1 Female. 24.3 18.8 21.9 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 9.2 6.0 0.9 2.3 86.7 86.0 0.6 100.0 9.5 6.7 0.8 2.0 3.5 87.0 85.9 1.0 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 9.2 6.0 0.9 2.3 3.7 87.1 88.5 0.6 100.0 6.7 0.9 2.0 3.2 87.2 86.3 0.9 Female. 1914 1909 8.2 7.3 0.6 0.3 71.3 67.7 3.6 100.0 7.1 6.4 0.6 0.1 20. 72.9 67.4 5.4 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. The number of persons reported as engaged in the ma.nufactures of the state during 1914 was 3,290 less than the number for 1909. While Table 4 shows that the decrease occurred in all classes except super- intendents and managers and clerks and other sub- ordinate salaried employees, it was most pronounced in the number of wage earners. The number of female wage earners 16 years of age and over increased by 152, but the number of males decreased by 2,937, and the number of children by 218, making a net decrease of 3,003 in this class. As previously ex- plaiaed, the decline in the numbel* of proprietors and firm members is due primarily to the abandonment of small estabhshments, especially the smaU gristmills and lumber mills. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged ia manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earher census. (See "Expla- nation of terms.") Table 6 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUKINGINDUSTKIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 48,440 51,730 37,557 100.0 100.0 100.0 -6.4 37 7 Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees 2,917 3,544 41, 979 3,455 3,293 44,982 2,140 2,328 33,089 6.0 7.3 86.7 6.7 6.4 87.0 5.7 6.2 88.1 -15.6 7.6 -6.7 61.4 41 4 Wage earners (average) 35.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Salaried employees show an increase at each suc- cessive census, although much the greater for the five- year period 1904-1909. Each of the other two classes and the total for aU classes combiaed show increases for the five-year period 1904-1909 and decreases for the five-year period 1909-1914. The average number of wage earners employed for all industries combined, with the per cent distribu- tion of males and females 16 years of age and over and of children under 16 years of age, is given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separ- rately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 Census, year. ■WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber.i Per cent of total. INDUSTBT. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years. of age. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 41,979 44,982 33,089 97.3 97.3 96.9 2.0 1.5 1.5 0.7 1.2; 1.6 387 310 395 585 454 292 534 973 3,634 3,249 485 504 282 312 319 447 522 680 424 352 29,698 32,932 1,165 1,086 892 981 354 383 2,434 1,896 85.5 82.6 96.7 96.6 31.1 33.6 100.0 98.9 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 99.6 98.7 100.0 99.6 96.0 93.1 98.8 100.0 99.2 99.0 99.9 100.0 78.6 75.9 98.9 99.5 86.9 82.8 11.9 12.3 60.8 58.2 2.6 5.2: 3.3 3.4 8.1 8.2: Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products. Canning and preserving, fruits and vege- tables. Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1.1. (?) Cooperage 0.6. Flour-mill and gristmill products 0.4 0.3 Foundry and machine-shop products i.a Furniture 2.1 2.8 0.4 1.9. 4.1 1.2 Lumber and timber products 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.9 Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing 18.9 20.8 0.3 11.7 12.0 2.5 3.3 0.8 0.5 1.4 5.2 Wood, turned and carved All other industries ... ' For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods of the aver age number lor all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms '' s Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTUEES— ARKANSAS. 61 For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners over, 16 years of age at the censuses of 1914 and 1909 remained the same, while the pro- portion of females 16 years of age and OTer increased and children ■under 16 decreased at the census of 1914, as compared with that of 1909. The percentages of males 16 years and over were the same, 97.3, in 1914 and in 1909, while the percentages of females 16 years and over and children under 16 years were 2 and 1.5, and seven-tenths of 1 per cent, and 1.2 per cent, respectively, for the two years, Li 1914, as compared with 1909, of the 14 industries for which separate figures are given in the table, 8 show an increased proportion of males and 3 an increased proportion of females, while but 1 shows an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years of age. Three of the industries that gave employment to children under 16 .years of age in 1909 reported no employees of this class for 1914. In the canning and preserving industry, about two- thirds of the wage earners 16 years of age and over were women; and in the printing and pubHshing in- dustry their proportion was nearly one-fifth. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, dassified according to age periods and in the case of those 16 years and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVEKAGE NUMBEK OF WAGE EABNEBS m— SEX AND AOE. } i 1 1 1 1 3 S M 1 Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,041 12,073 1,433 1,465 1,049 231 241 336 239 2,207 2,017 1,971 1,299 1,118 1,425 16 years of age and over: 2,040 12,069 i" i' 1,286 1,298 944 139 118 66 8 39 39 229 i" !!!!!!! 1 223 314 230 17 19 5 1 2 4 2,049 1,852 1,793 130 127 140 28 38 38 1,275 1,100 1,357 23 Under 16 years of age., 11 17 1 7 51 Percent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 100.0 99.8 — (V)"" ■■■■6."2' 89.7 89.2 S0.0 9.7 8.1 6.3 0.6 2.7 3.7 99.1 ■■■6.'4' 0.4 92.5 93.7 96.2 7.1 5.7 2.1 0.4 0.6 1.7 92.8 91.8 91.0 5.9 6.3 7.1 1.3 1.9 1.9 98.2 remale 98.4 95.2 1.8 Under 16 years of age 1.0 1.2 0.1 0.6 3.6 • Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to Include data only for those establisliments located within the corporate limits of the city. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greatly in excess of that for females in each city for which comparative figiires are shown, the only city in which the proportion otJj^mJZ£jMsl3^ below 90 per cent being Fort Smith, and in each of these places, except Hot Springs and Piae Bluff, the proportion increased between 1909 and 1914. The percentages for aU cities combined in 1914 were 95.3 for males, 4.2 for females, and one-half of 1 per cent for children, the corresponding proportions for the totals for the state being 97.3 per cent, 2 per cent, and seven-tenths of 1 per cent, respectively. Little Rock shows for the ten-year period 1904-1914 an increase of 12 per cent in the total average number of wage earners, and for the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a gain of 9.4 per cent. There was an increase during each of the five-year periods in the proportion of males 16 years of age and over, and a decrease in the proportion of females, while the proportion of children imder 16 years decreased from 1909 to 1914. The preponderance of males employed in Argenta is due to the fact that railway repair shops, the prin- cipal industry in Argenta, furnished over nine-tenths of the average number of wage earners in the city and reported no female employees. There was a shght decrease in the number of wage earners during the period 1909-1914, Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month iri 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 8 January.., February., March April , May , Jime , July , August September, October.,., November, December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANCFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. Number. 1914 41, 118 40,686 41,252 41,011 41,369 42,470 44,668 45,506 43, 652 42,951 40,265 38,810 1909 41,295 41,500 42,845 42,391 41,416 42.384 44,840 47,500 49,582 49,802 48, 550 47,683 1901 31,032 31,583 32,154 32,045 32, 170 31, 826 32,293 34,459 35,953 35,906 34,786 32, 861 Per cent of maximum. 1914 90.4 89.4 90.7 90.1 90.9 93.3 98.1 100.0 95.9 94.4 88.5 86.3 1909 83.3 86.0 85.1 83.2 85.1 90.0 96.4 99.6 100.0 97.5 95.7 1904 86.3 87.8 89.4 89.1 89.5 88.5 89.8 95.8 100.0 99.9 96.8 91.4 For 1904 and 1909 the maximum numbers of wage earners were employed in the manufactures of the state during September and October, respectively, and the minimum in January, For 1914 the maxi- mum number was reported for August and the minimum for December, The greatest difference be- tween the numbers reported for the maximum and minimum months of employment in any one of the three census years was 8,507 in 1909, The average monthly employment of wage earners in 1914 was 41,979 and in 1909, 44,982. Table 9 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total on the 15th of each month, or the earners employed 62 MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the six cities having a population of more than 10,000. Table d ■WAGE EAKNEBS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for eachindustry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by itofK; figures.] INDUSTET AND aiT. Aver- age number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. Au- gust. Sep- tember Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. All industries 41,979 41,118 40,686 41,262 41,011 41,369 42,470 44,658 45,606 43,652 42,961 40,265 38,810 85.3 387 395 454 534 3,634 485 282 319 522 424 29,698 1,165 892 354 2,434 7,452 S71 326 7 534 3,602 466 286 BSO 696 m 28,727 2,000 887 376 2,533 7,661 374 308 4 596 3,524 46B 278 295 591 229 28,427 1,814 904 368 2,512 7,656 378 440 4 600 3,547 507 290 334 591 260 29,329 1,183 900 370 2,519 7,482 388 496 624 s,m 484 273 351 649 349 29,640 622 893 353 2,605 7,258 381 511 42 591 3,580 S08 281 360 639 481 30,010 387 905 356 2,437 7,265 386 641 76 607 3,769 492 281 335 530 655 30,744 323 906 350 2,475 7,550 396 490 212 626 3,800 497 299 324 496 708 32,766 ess 877 368 2,514 7,688 400 455 1,439 603 3,750 486 299 319 499 663 32,581 309 890 376 2,437 7,563 391 433 1,671 502 3,723 490 281 332 502 594 30,389 705 894 366 2,379 7,378 394 355 1,454 441 3,681 487 275 30S 483 405 29,037 2,073 893 327 2,338 7,517 393 231 480 SS7 3,646 475 272 287 '^ 27,828 2,137 879 S06 ii,m 7,260 392 16i 57 348 3,604 466 $89 303 448 234 26,898 2,141 876 333 2,287 7,146 92.8 Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products. . Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables Carriages and wagons and materials 28.5 0.1 53.9 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 91.6 Cooperage 90.9 Plniir-Tnill and pr'stTnill prndTiots 90.0 77.8 Fumittu^e 73.8 32.1 Lumber and timber products 82.1 13.4 96.7 81.1 All other industries 89.7 Total for cities 92.9 2,041 1,433 231 241 2,207 1,299 1,982 1,558 299 271 2,223 1,328 1,990 1,579 262 258 2,230 1,337 1,962 1,476 214 250 2,307 1,273 1,966 1,444 201 255 2,148 1,254 2,003 1,421 173 255 2,172 1,241 2,112 1,470 186 260 2,361 1,182 2,128 1,479 179 251 2,427 1,224 2,115 1,457 180 240 2,362 1,209 2,081 1,352 185 231 2,226 1,303 2,071 1,337 317 213 2,200 1,379 2,067 1,S83 304 209 1,973 1,424 2,023 1,336 288 208 1,866 1,437 91.9 81.3 "H'Ti'-T-li^WA 52.1 Hot Springs 76.0 76.4 Pine Bluff 82.3 Of the selected industries, "carriages and -wagons and materials," while one of the smaller iudustries of the state, shows a great degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in November being but 53.9 per cent of the number in July. The seasonal indus- tries, brick and tUe, terra-cotta, and fire-clay prod- ucts; canning and preserving; ice, manufactured; and oil, cottonseed, and cake, show much greater fluctuations, however. The number of wage earners employed in the manufacture of brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other fire-clay products during December was but 28.5 per cent of the number for June. In the canning and preserving industry the number em- ployed in April was only one-tenth of 1 per cent of the niunber in September. In the manufacture of ice the number employed in January was but 32.1 per cent of those for July; and in the manufacture of cot- tonseed products the number reported for July was only 13.4 per cent of those in December. The least fluctuation in emplojnnent is shown for bread and other bakery products; cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad companies; cooperage; flour-mill and gristmill products; and printing and pubhshing. Of the six cities, Helena shows the greatest fluctuation, the proportion that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being 52.1 per cent. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 10 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, Digitized by for all industries combined and for selected indus- tries, have been classified according to the number of hours per week prevailing in the estabUshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabhshment is clas- sified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 84.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, while 77.7 per cent were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, for all industries combined, the number of wage earners whose working hours were less than 60 per week increased from 15.6 per cent in 1909 to 22.3 per cent in 1914. For the state as a whole there was an increase during the five-year period in the pro- portion of wage earners in the classes 48 and under, 54, and between 54 and 60. Among the separate industries, cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raiboad com- panies shows the most pronoimced decrease in the hours of labor. In 1909, 70.9 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establish- IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. 63 ments where the hours of labor were 54 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 89.9 per cent. In the cooperage industry in 1909 there were no estab- hshments reporting prevailing hours of labor as fewer than 60 per week, but in 1914 30.3 per cent of the wage earners iu this industry were employed in estabUsh- ments where the prevailing hours were 54 or less. Of the combined total average number of wage earners for the six cities in 1914, 4,106, or 55.1 per cent, were in estabUshments where the prevailing hours were fewer than 60 per week. In Argenta nearly nine-tenths (87.7 per cent) of the wage earners were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours were 48 or less per week and only 7.1 per cent in those in which the hours were 60 or more. The largest proportion of wage earners in estabhshments where the hours were 60 or more per week is shown for Helena. Table 10 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS. nroUSTRT AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 41,979 44,982 3,346 1,249 1,122 1,320 3,436 3,401 1,458 1,039 30,297 34,931 1,158 1,556 916 1,166 246 320 Bread and other bakery products 387 310 395 585 454 292 534 973 3,634 3,249 485 504 282 312 319 447 522 680 424 352 29,698 32,932 1,165 1,086 892 981 354 383 2,434 1,896 7,452 2,041 1,433 231 241 2,207 1,299 g 27 44 18 63 16 8 154 157 297 546 298 236 327 746 62 643 338 504 195 129 158 284 301 667 43 12 26,431 29,329 164 180 128 237 231 337 1,180 1,024 2,441 86 66 24 31 26 13 39 2 18 15 37 50 PHTiTiiri^ and prpj^erving, fmi'tj? and vfi£ftt.a.hlfis 44 18 49 10 1,780 44 5 18 53 15 (^ftrriftgfip and wf^^nnfi and nifltfirials 1 68 34 1,487 2,304 46 36 180 149 92 3 166 186, Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . 24 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 4 97 12 71 13 2 2 2 5 4 93 145 75 3 10 34 24 12 34 79 ■Potmdry and Tnaphine-.'sbnp prodnntS ........ 3 43 16 146 61 33 3 8 46 2 5 838 1,130 Tw, mftTiufiictnred 132 74 194 925 278 82 13 3 44 47 ""wV 704 802 152 214 TjiTTibfir and tinibflr pT'oduct.s .... 603 484 913 382 19- 712 515 7 22 Printing and publishing .... 533 419 51 49 137 182 86 7 384 287 1,054 30 87 37 39 205 46 546 Wood, timied and carved 4 248 215 2,369 1,789 134 20 58 313 55 56 86 137 243 188 464 57 18 263 61 Total for cities 32 178 Ahgenta 107 461 1 105 246 134 1 248 92 361 136 28 909 915 42 68 56 34 220 44 3 95 55' 110 7 FoET Smith 60 5 6 13 13 132 7 Helena Hot Spkdigs 3 260 34 LrrTLE Rock 72 Pine Bldpp location of establishments. — Table 11 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Arkansas were centrahzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. A comparison of the totals for the six cities com- bined for 1914 with those for 1909 shows an increase in number of establishments, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, although the conditioT0j^itfl^^^Tfyt3 outside of the cities shows a decrease m number of establishments, average number of wage earners, and value added by manufacture, and an increase in the value of products. In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that Helena had a population of less than 10,000 both in 1899 and 1909, and Argenta and Hot Springs had less than 10,000 in 1899, and the statistics for them, therefore, were included \^(^]f'C^^J^@r the outside districts at the respective censuses. 64 MANUFACTURES— ARXANSAS. Tame H LOCATION OP PEE CENT OP Cen- sus Total. ESTABLISHMENTS. TOTAL. In cities In cities with Out- side dis- tricts. year. with popu- lation of 10,000 and over. Outside districts. popu- lation of 10,000 and over. 1914 1910 1900 1,686,480 1,574,449 1,311,664 137,907 110, ,590 56,639 1,648,573 1, 463, 859 1,254,925 8.2 7.0 4.3 93.0 95.7 Number of establish- ments. 1914 1909 1899 2,604 2,925 1,746 392 338 165 2,212 2,587 1,581 15.1 11.6 9.6 84.9 88.4 90.5 Average number of wage earners. 1914 1909 1899 41,979 44,982 31,525 7,452 6,998 3,064 34,527 37,984 28,461 17.8 15.6 9.7 82.2 84.4 90.3 Value of products 1914 1909 1899 $83,940,587 74,916,367 39,887,578 $22,092,041 18, 068, 906 6,320,887 $61,848,546 56, 847, 461 33,566,691 26.3 24.1 15.8 73.7 75.9 84.2 Value added by manu- facture. 1914 1909 1899 39,033,779 39, 981, 455 21,599,533 9,280,279 7,992,638 3,102,238 29,75.3,500 31,988,817 18,497,305 23.8 20.0 14.4 76.2 80.0 85.6 1 Census estimate of popiilation for 1914. The table shows that for 1914 the six cities, which contained 8.2 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 26.3 per cent of the total value of products and 17.8 per cent of the total average num- ber of wage earners. The corresponding proportions for 1909 were slightly less. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 12. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 CITY. AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EAENEES. VALXJE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,207 1,433 1,299 2,041 231 241 2,017 1,455 1,118 '2,073 1,971 1,049 1,425 $7,754,675 4,645,722 4,518,232 3,425,681 1,120,761 926,970 $6,881,662 3.739.246 2,386,630 > 4, 216, 798 $4, 689, 787 2,329,454 2, 499, 814 Pine Bluff Helena Hot Springs 335 239 844,570 597,029 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. The manufacturing industries of Little Rock and Fort Smith show an increase in value of products for each of the five-year periods 1904-1909 and 1909- 1914. For the city of Pine Bluff there was a decrease during the five-year period 1904-1909 and for the cities of Argenta and Hot Springs decreases during the five-year period 1909-1914. For the five-year periods 1904-1909 and 1909- 1914 Little Eock shows an increase in average num- ber of wage earners, while Fort Smith and Hot Digitized by Springs show increases for the five-year period 1904- 1909 and decreases from 1909 to 1914. Pine Bluff shows a decrease for the five-year period 1904-1909 and an increase for the five-year period 1909-1914. The principal industries in Little Eock are lumber and cottonseed products, and printing and publishing. In Fort Smith, furniture, cottonseed products, and the roasting and grinding of coffee form the chief products. Pine Bluff's principal industries are lumber and timber products, fiour-null and gristmill products, and cottonseed products, while in Argenta cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies, cottonseed, and flour-mill and gristmUl products are the principal industries. For Hot Springs lumber and timber products, bread and other bakery products, and printing and publishing are the principal products, and for Helena cottonseed and lumber and timber products are the leading industries. Character of ownership. — Table 13 presents sta- tistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for indi- vidual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the ojperations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. For aU industries combined, during the decade, this table shows an increase in the number of establish- ments under each class of ownership. Although of the three classes of ownership, corporations show the smallest proportion of the estabhshments, in value of products and average number of wage earners they largely predominate. For 1914, with but 23 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, they reported 78.3 per cent of the total value of products and 75.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the cor- responding proportions are slightly changed. The proportion of the average number of wage earners decreased from 1904 to 1909, and increased from 1909 to 1914, but was greater at each successive census for value of products. Individual ownership for all industries combined shows a greater number of estabhshments in 1909 and 1914 than for "corporations" and "all others" combined, although slightly less in 1904. Their pro- portions of value of products were also greater than that for "all others" in 1914, 1909, and 1904, and greater for average number of wage earners in 1914 and 1909, although sHghtly less m 1904. In 1914 the largest proportions of the total value of products for the six industries for which separate statistics are IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES—ARKANSAS. 65 given are shown for corporate ownership. This con- dition prevails also in each of the six cities, although it is less pronounced in Hot Springs than in any of the others. Xable 13 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNER,?. VALUE OF PRODUCES. INDUSTRY AND CITY. establishments OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by-^ Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- viduals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. AUlndustries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,327 1,466 846 598 640 518 679 819 543 41,979 44,982 33,089 3,850 7,453 4,277 31,619 31,637 24,335 4,510 5,892 4,477 13.9 16.6 12.9 75.3 70.3 73.5 10.7 13.1 13.5 §83,940,587 74,916,367 53,864,394 810,441,214 10,472,470 7,684,693 S65,748,024 55,585,992 38,724,917 $7,731,349 8,857,905 7,454,884 12.4 14.0 14.3 78.3 74.2 71.9 9.2 11.8 13.8 Carriages and wagons and materials. Tlour-mill and gristmill products. Toundry and macliinc- shop products. Iiumber and timber prod- ucts. Oil, cottonseed, and cake . , 19 19 50 52 21 14 663 854 3 3 191 194 162 15 21 18 28 18 16 256 304 40 41 38 27 146 12 18 34 33 13 12 333 539 78 74 84 534 973 282 312 319 447 29,698 32,932 1,165 1,086 892 981 7,452 50 119 65 73 73 74 4,218 5,798 121 90 375 412 783 402 690 165 188 207 335 22,428 22,393 1,044 996 323 354 6,232 82 164 52 51 39 38 3,052 4,741 194 215 437 9.4 12.2 23.0 23.4 22.9 16.6 14.2 17.6 10.4 8.3 42.0 42.0 10.5 75.3 70.9 68.3 60.3 64.9 74.9 75.5 68.0 89.6 91.7 36.2 36.1 83.6 15.4 16.9 18.4 16.3 12.2 8.5 10.3 14.4 21.7 21.9 5.9 1,186,636 1,664,467 5,802,099 5,615,486 633,440 1,050,906 43,115,000 40,640,327 9,249,457 7,788,885 2,341,989 2,082,365 22,092,041 • 75,497 155,646 626,906 638,499 122,142 157,350 5,101,258 5,502,457 1,171,008 921,443 752,708 697,547 2,752,987 963, 122 1,231,060 4,473,484 4,172,901 435,059 814,811 33,818,106 29,289,463 8,078,449 6,867,442 1,137,706 952,061 17,989,878 148,017 277, 761 701,709 804,086 76,239 78,745 4,195,636 5,848,407 6.4 9.4 10.8 11.4 19.3 13.0 11.8 13.5 12.7 11.8 32.1 33.5 12.5 81.2 74.0 77.1 74.3 68.7 77.5 78.4 72.1 87.3 88.2 48.6 45.7 81.4 12.5 16.7 12.1 14.3 12.0 7.5 9.7 14.4 Printing and publishing . . Total for cities 451,575 432, 757 1,349,176 19.3 20.8 6.1 Argenta 8 37 9 25 56 27 9 37 10 6 63 21 4 29 3 11 30 2,041 1,433 231 241 2,207 1,299 14 145 36 86 321 181 2,020 1,115 189 107 1,745 1,056 7 173 6 48 141 62 0.7 10.1 15.6 35.7 14.5 13.9 99.0 77.8 81.8 44.4 79.1 81.3 0.3 12.1 2.6 19.9 6.4 4.8 3,425,681 4,645,722 1,120,761 626,970 7,754,675 4,518,232 49,291 533,836 64,191 213,197 1,170,316 722, 156 3,356,940 3,686,413 1,038,657 298, 764 5,985,542 3,623,562 19,450 425,473 17,913 115,009 598,817 172,514 1.4 11.5 5.7 34.0 15.1 16.0 98.0 79.4 92.7 47.7 77.2 80.2 0.6 Port Smith 9.2 1.6 Hot Springs. 18.3 7.7 Pine Blufp.. 3.8 Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 14. Table 14 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 i All classes 2,604 2,925 1,907 41,979 44,982 33,089 $83,940,587 374,916,367 $53,864,394 S.39,033,779 $39,981,455 $32, 065, 048 1,255 754 399 192 4 1,390 943 418 170 4 741 628 412 126 2,271 4,749 9,419 22, 118 3,422 3,501 7,315 10,832 19,972 3,362 1,301 4,242 10, 490 17,056 2,785.901 7,696,074 17,008,609 49,721,323 6, 728, 680 3.058 457 9, 579, 083 18,400,828 38.436,426 5.44.'!. .573 1,792,050 6,541,347 18,053,803 27,477,194 1,833,261 4,617,918 8,439,841 21,260,376 2,882,183 2,169,126 6,326,701 10,127,304 18,786,422 2,571,902 1,248.230 4,301,842 $5,000 to 120,000 $20,000 to $100,000 10, 357, 168 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 16,157,802 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 Less than $5,000 48.2 29.0 15.3 7.4 0.2 47.5 32.2 14.3 5.8 0.1 38.9 32.9 21.6 6.6 5.4 11.3 22.4 52.7 8.2 7.8 16.3 24.1 44.4 7.5 3.9 12.8 31.7 51.5 3.3 9.2 20.3 59.2 8.0 4.1 12.8 24.6 51.3 7.3 3.3 12.1 33.5 51.0 4.7 11.8 21.6 54.5 7.4 5.4 15. 8 25.3 47.0 6.4 3 9 $5,000 to $20,000 13.4 $20,000 to $100,000 32,3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 60.4 For 1914, 196 establishments, or 7.5 per cent of total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 174, or 5.9 per cent of the total in 1909, and 126, or 6.6 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported an average of 25,540 wage earners, or 60.8 per cent of the total for the state, 67.2 per cent of the total value of products, and 61.9 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments, those having products of less than $5,000 in value, representp nnd preservitiE, frniN and vegetables. Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. 9.9 13.6 2.6 2.8 35.5 21.3 25.6 22.2 7.0 .. 'ii'.h 24.4 26.9 49.0 44.0 10.7 5.6 12.3 5.1 17.2 9l8 tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. (Cooperage. Total for cities 31.5 59.7 23 9) 32.3 14.4 31.7 13.4 36.0 21.5 JTlour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 1.4 8.4 18.6 32.4 7.2 5.3 87 2! Fort Smith Helena Foundry and machine-shop products. 27.4 28.5 5.4 '25.^8 "se.'i 16.3 34.5 65.1 23.9 20.1 * Pine Bluff Engines and power. — Table 19 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). The table also shows sepa- rately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by the establishments reporting. Table 19 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HOESEPOWXK, POWER. 1914 ;i909 1604 Amoimt. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 Primarj' power, total . . 3,955 3,648 1,911 177,208 173,088 109,509 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,882 2,484 377 21 1,073 1,073 3,124 2,858 245 21 .524 524 1,911 1,781 114 16 171,150 167.378 2,979 793 6,058 5,966 102 170, 252 168,204 1,374 674 2,836 2,581 255 108,924 107,858 482 584 585 484 101 96.6 94.5 1.7 0.4 3.4 3.4 0.1 98.4 97.2 0.8 0.4 1.6 1.5 0.1 99.5 98.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.1 Steam engines and turbines ^ Water wheels, turbines, and motors Rented other . . 1,535 1,073 462 838 524 314 13,340 5,956 7,384 7,417 2,581 4,836 2,191 484 1,707 100.0 44.6 55.4 100.0 34.8 65.2 100.0 22.1 77.9 ^^^88 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the head of "other " owned power. ^ Not reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 4,120 horsepower, or 2.4 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due mainly to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, almost wholly electric, has greatly increased srace 1904, when 585 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® horsepower of this character, representing one-half of 1 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount of such power had increased to 2,836 horsepower, or 1.6 -per cent of the total, and in 1914, 6,058 horsepower, or 3.4 per cent of the total. MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. (>y The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments has not kept pace with that in rented power. The in- crease in rented power, no doubt, lias some influence on owned power, for which the total increased only from 170,252 horsepower in 1909 to 171,150 horse- power in 1914. There was a falling off ia steam power of 826 horsepower but an increase of 1,605 horsepower in the power developed by internal-combustion engines. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing process. Table 20 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each land of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected indus- tries in the state as a whole and for aU industries combined in each city. Table 20 COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). INDUSTRY AND CITY. Au- thrar cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 10,(527 276,09] 1,749 28,221 2, 152, 15C. Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay 17 621 4,777 3,014 .50, 465 8,120 807 5,698 43,695 75,862 60,555 411 22,066 97,427 90 ■""24' 92 ■"■738' '"m '"6.35" 1,129 3 6,969 30 10,943 628 245 1 482 694 3,764 644 3,818 15,817 44, 261 670, 976 Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products . . . 6 2,322 30 39 400 23,345 6,418 1,687 1,S20 4, 427 564,063 15. 898 oil cottonseed, and cake 214, 406 73 2.193 347 11,474 All other industries 599,228 927, 279 32, 213 30, 881 10,837 435 12,297 10, 746 90 87 526 50 30 346 10,912 3,731 1,046 ""'i2i" 7 36,156 263 27,754 100 Hot Spbingp 250, 138 84 36;), 213 249,91s Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 70 MANUFACTUEES— AEKANSAS. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain indiistries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for which no pro- Tision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important industries in Arkansas are here presented. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — Arkansas ranks eighth among the states in the value of cottonseed products manufactured. The increase iu the total value of products from census to census shows a rapid growth of this industry in the state. The following table gives the quantity of cotton seed used for oil extraction and the quantities of the several crude products obtained, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Xable 31 Cotton seed crashed, tons Crude products manufactured : Oil, gallons Meal and cake, tons (2,000 lbs.) Hulls, tons (2,000 lbs. ) Linters, pounds 1914 312,755 11,597,072 136, 598 89,098 22, 101, 718 1909 278,337 11,435,430 116,709 94,200 12, 889, 498 1904 238, 227 9,557,668 94,263 84, 374 8, 572, 572 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the crushing season of 1913-14 — that is, to the handling of seed from the crop of 1913. They cover the opera- tions of all establishments which crushed cotton seed during the season, regardless of the extent to which they were engaged in other branches of industry. Furthermore, the crude products reported represent the total production derived from crushing cotton seed, whether sold as such or used as intermediate products in further processes of manufacture, such as the refining of oil and the mixing of fertilizer and feed. The total quantity of cotton seed crushed increased from 238,227 tons in 1904 to 312,755 tons m 1914, or 31.3 per cent. Of the 43 mills reported in 1914 as crushing cotton seed, 3 crushed less than 1,000 tons each during the census year; 2 crushed 1,000 but less than 2,000 tons; 10 crushed 2,000 but less than 5,000 tons; 19 crushed 5,000 but less than 10,000 tons; 8 crushed 10,000 but less than 20,000 tons; and 1 crushed 20,000 tons and over. The quantities of the various products obtained in 1914 per ton of seed, as received at the mill, were as follows: Crude oil, 37.1 gallons; cake and meal, 874 poimds; hulls, 570 pounds; and linters, 71 pounds. The ratios which the several products bore to the total -weight of the seed when received at the mill were: Crude oil, 13.9 per cent; cake and meal, 43.7 per cent; hulls, 28.5 per cent; and liuters, 3.5 per cent. There has been an increase in the actual weights of all prod- ucts, but hulls now represent a smaller proportion of the total than formerly, which is due to the installa- tion of cold-process machinery, which expresses the oil without hulling the seed, the resulting cake thus containing the hulls. Flonr-mill and gristmill products. — -Table 22 gives the quantity and value of the several products of the flour-mills and gristmills for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 22 1914 1909 1904 Total value $5,802,099 $5,615,486 $3,702,495 Wheat flour: 291,964 $1, 510, 427 468,338 $1,544,048 239,003 $1,302,917 514,502 $1,666,670 2,498,700 $41,024 94,261 ■ $2,599,581 $5,294 378,030 Value . $1, 870, 526 Com meal and corn flour: Barrels 353,628 Value $831,938 Hominy and grits: pounds 222,800 Value $4, 452 Bran and middlings: 22,117 $584,643 71,947 $2,159,130 $3,951 Value Feed and oflal: $987,304 Value All other products, value $8, 275 The mills of the state show an increase in the total value of products from 1909 to 1914 of 3.3 per cent and for the ten-year period, 56.7 per cent. Bran and middlings and feed and offal, combined, represented 47.3 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts in 1914, and show an increase of 5.5 per cent in value for the five-year period. Wheat flour increased in number of barrels 22.2 per cent, and corn meal de- creased in number of barrels 9 per cent. In 1914 the mills of the state were equipped with 290 stands of roUs, 68 runs of stone, and 41 attrition mills. Three establishments manufactured barrels and two made sacks. Printing and publishing. — Table 23 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation of the various classes of pubUcations in Arkansas, as reported at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 23 PERIOD OF I3SUE. Total. Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes i . NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 306 33 5 9 243 10 6 288 29 7 5 234 12 1 291 27 7 5 232 14 6 AOGREGATE CTRCULATION PEB ISSUE. 1914 611,288 87,614 63,967 21,329 273,078 100, 700 64,600 1909 496,299 60, 175 50, 593 6,868 241,413 136, 750 1,500 1904 365,957 39,942 24,337 6,200 246, 118 45,330 4,030 1 Includes 5 quarterlies and 1 semimonthly. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. 71 The increase in the aggregate circulation of all publications from 1909 to 1914 was 114,989, or 23.2 per cent. The daily newspapers gained 27,439, or 45.6 per cent; the Stmday newspapers, 13,374, or 26.4 per cent, and the weeklies, 31,665, or 13.1 per cent. Of the dailies, 26 were evening editions, with a circulation of 43,915. AH but two of the publica- tions were printed in BngUsh, the exceptions being two German weeklies. Carriages and wagons and materials. — ^The following table shows the number and value of carriages and wagons manufactured and the value of parts and ma- terials for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 24 1914 1909 1904 Total value $1,186,636 $1,664,467 $771,563 Carriages (family and pleasure): 2 $135 5,726 $292,697 $893,904 19 $1,690 7,415 $436,663 $1,226,114 35 V^ue. $2,045 Wagons (business, farm, etc. ) : 1,625 Value : $102,736 All other products, including parts and amniint received for renair work . $666, 782 The industry shows a total product in 1914 of $1,186,636, a decrease of 28.7 per cent from 1909. Of the total value of products in 1914, carriages and wagons formed 24.7 per cent and "aU other products," 75.3 per cent. There were reported 46 estabhshments in 1914, which manufactured 5,728 vehicles, valued at $292,732. At the 1909 census there were reported 58 establish- ments, manufacturing 7,434 vehicles, valued at $438,353, and in 1904 there were 33 establishments with an output of 1,660 vehicles, valued at $104,781, indicating an increase of 75.8 per cent in the number of estabhshments from 1904 to 1909, and a decrease of 20.7 per cent from 1909 to 1914. The number of vehicles increased 347.8 per cent from 1904 to 1909 and decreased 22.9 per cent from 1909 to 1914, and the value shows an increase of 318.4 per cent for the former and a decrease of 33.2 per cent for the latter period. Rice, cleaning and polishing. — ^The cultivation of rice in Arkansas, except in negHgible quantities, is of very recent date. At the census of 1899 only 310 bushels were reported and in 1909, 1,282,830 bushels. As estimated by the Department of Agriculture, the crop of 1913, the one covered by the manufactures census, was 3,769,000 bushels. This rapid increase in the production was due to the introduction of rice cul- ture in the level and somewhat elevated sections of the state, which have been found susceptible to irrigation. These sections being easily drained are well adapted to rice growing, and the plowing, harrowing, sowing, and reaping can be done in the same manner as for other grain products. The rice mills are dependent almost entirely on the local supply of raw material; hence, with the introduction of rice culture in Arkansas there was estabUshed the rice-milling industry. The follow- ing statement shows the quantity of rough rice treated, and the quantity of products, by kind, for the census years 1909 and 1914. Table 35 QUANTITY (POUNDS). 1914 1909 Rougli rice treated 82,086,840 52,038,773 2,460,420 7,475,501 37,014,075 23,197,442 Products manufactured: Poljsli 1,105,072 3,224,991 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the milling season of 1913-14 — that is, to the handling of rice from the crop of 1913. Where the estabhshments are employed in the milling of rice on a custom basis the quantities in the table cover aU rice treated on this basis. The total quantity of rough rice milled — that is, rice as it leaves the thrasher — ^increased from 37,014,075 pounds m 1909 to 82,086,840 pounds in 1914, or 121.8 per cent. The quantity of clean rice increased during this period from 23,197,442 pounds to 52,038,773 pounds, or 124.3 per cent, thus showing a greater per- centage in the increase in clean rice than in rough rice milled. Changes in the varieties of rice produced and in improvements in methods of treatment account, at least in part, for the increased proportion of clean rice obtained and also in whole rice as compared with broken rice. For the season of 1913-14, 61,941,645pounds of rough rice were of the Honduras type and 20,145,195 poimds of the Japan type. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manu- facturing industries. Table 26, however, summarizes these statistics for Arkansas for 1914 and 1909. In 1914 Arkansas ranked thirty-sixth and in 1909 thirty-fourth among the states in amount received for work done, thirty-fifth in 1914 and thirty-third in 1909 in the number of persons engaged in the industry. The foregoing summary shows increases for aU items given, that for amount received for work done being $152,421, or 22.3 per cent. In 1914 the laundries in Arkansas' were reported as foUows: 23 individually owned, 11 under corporate ownership, and 19 as under "all other" forms of ownership, an increase of 1, 2, and 5 over 1909, respectively. Estabhshments owned by individuals reported the greater part of the amount received for work done, 36.5 per cent in 1914, while the corporate owned reported the greater part, 37.5 per cent, in 1909. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 72 MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. Table 26 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average numlaer) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) . Cost of materials Amount received for wor^c done. POWEE LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 63 1,011 76 103 832 1,092 $577, 314 437,466 98, 628 338,838 23,391 147, 826 836,457 1909 45 850 53 66 741 900 $568,411 316, 811 60,632 266,279 1,000 12,085 122,806 684,036 Percent of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 17.8 18.9 43.4 83.9 12.3 21.3 1.6 38.1 95.2 27.2 93.6 20.4 22.3 Table 27 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Tables? January... February.. March April May June July August. . . . September October... November. December. WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 815 806 804 808 821 874 921 892 883 800 786 774 1909 681 703 726 733 762 766 795 771 763 754 721 724 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 88.5 87.5 87.3 87.7 89.1 94.9 100.0 96.9 95.9 86.9 85.3 84.0 1909 86.7 88.4 91.3 92.2 94.6 96.4 100.0 97.0 96.0 94.8 90.7 91.1 Table 28 gives statistics as to kind and amount of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 28 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 of in- crease, 1909- 1914. Primary power, total 1,092 900 21. S Owned- 42 40 2 39 37 2 983 962 21 855 837 18 15.0 14.9 Internal combustion... 16.7 Water wheels and motors.... Rented... 21 21 7 7 109 107 2 45 30 15 142.2 Electric 256.7 Other. .. -86.7 Electric — generated in establishments 21 42 50 162 -69.1 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Table 29 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase for the five- year period. Tabic 29 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914.1 Tons (2,240 lbs.) Tons (2,000 lbs.) Tons (2,000 lbs.) 567 7,661 ■pitUT"i"OiiR (Vifll '9,091 6 138 129,582 -15.7 Coke Oil Barrels 1,000 cubic feet 1,351 164, 147 879.0 19.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. 73 GENERAL TABLES. Table 30 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more ; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 31 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detaU for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and for each of the cities in the state having 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for aU industries combined. Table 30.— POMrARATIVE SUMIilARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lisb- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma^ terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma^ terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. AU industries.. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terrarcotta, and fire-clay products. Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. C&fectionery Cooperage. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. 1914 1909 1904 2,604 2,925 1,907 41,979 44, 982 33,089 177,208 173, 088 109,609 S20,752 19, 113 14,644 S44,907 34,935 21, 799 $83,941 74,916 53,864 1914 1909 1904 160 133 63 387 310 171 319 174 87 207 161 85 833 677 317 1,442 1,177 097 1914 1909 1904 26 42 55 395 585 525 2,323 2,178 1,851 161 219 186 126 168 197 461 601 792 1914 1909 1904 63 44 '67 454 292 194 687 428 202 116 54 38 347 181 104 679 279 180 1914 1909 1904 46 58 33 534 973 460 2,838 3,749 1,632 257 405 174 667 820 346 1,187 1,664 772 1914 1909 1904 19 16 13 3,634 3,249 21508 3,182 2,560 1,161 2,450 2,061 1,545 2,139 1,759 1,360 4,971 4,154 3,078 1914 1909 1904 12 11 5 85 107 112 67 42 60 36 32 33 253 115 191 361 217 280 1914 1909 1904 17 9 26 485 604 295 1,035 2,400 812 239 210 119 671 350 422 1,064 761 663 1914 1909 1904 30 18 8 86 113 59 23 20 72 77 41 130 218 43 262 404 122 1914 1909 1904 102 113 91 282 312 263 6,880 5,946 4,430 123 122 104 5,172 4,859 3,157 5,802 5,615 3,702 1914 1909 1904 2 52 42 33 319 447 363 594 824 641 207 304 200 263 431 217 633 1,061 664 1914 1909 1904 21 20 >14 522 680 686 1,364 1,985 1,164 256 311 256 586 479 330 1,113 975 837 Ice, manufactured - Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work . Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters. Minerals and earths, ground. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. Printing and publishing. Rice, cleaning and polish- ing. Saddlery and harness Wood, turned and carved . All otlier industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 65 49 38 1,252 1,697 43 44 42 307 295 277 23 14 <7 18 25 21 175 106 424 352 261 32,932 23,909 106 148 115 45 177 134 107 69 5 1,165 1,086 981 116 37 60 92 62 354 383 403 1,646 1,166 734 11,052 8,281 4,622 124, 126 122,387 77,570 568 494 402 349 193 152 303 250 613 146 13,001 13,029 1,032 846 538 1,520 1,610 68 83 27 1,424 1,860 1,365 4,984 3,661 2,665 238 192 123 14,063 13,060 10,265 71 91 73 49 43 18 78 56 40 29 1 511 441 570 538 438 48 23 51 60 37 168 168 164 752 484 346 207 106 18,204 14,300 9,235 121 127 70 191 166 43 370 141 82 163 10 7,600 6,005 4,200 647 636 320 1,706 852 262 283 105 263 323 201 3,868 1,938 753 1,115 820 488 43, 115 40, 640 31, 993 290 354 244 329 263 699 356 263 17 9,249 7,789 4,940 2,342 2,082 1,443 1,837 945 414 456 210 507 612 634 5,91fr 3,684 1,875. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. LITTLE ROCK— All in- dustries. 1914 1909 1904 149 125 104 2,207 2,017 1,971 7,308 6,619 a, 316 1,080 938 4,295 4,014 2,559 7,755 6,882 4,690 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Akqenta.. FoBT Smith.. 1914 51909 1904 1914 1909 1904 21 17 2,041 2,073 2,239 2,415 1,424 1,359 1,665 2,399 3,426 4,217 103 83 63 1,433 1,455 1,049 5,111 4,202 803 741 481 2,750 2,006 1,113 4,646 3,739 2,329 Hot Springs.. Pine Bluff.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 241 336 239 1,299 1,118 1,425 993 1,644 4,684 146 210 115 702 605 574 298 3,000 1,354 1,421 627 845 597 4,518 2,387 2,500' ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "pumps, steam;" and "structural ironwork." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" ''^lumber, planing-mill products;" and "window and door screens." * Excludes statistics tor two establishments, to avoid disclostffe of individual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those published because it, was necessary to revise them in or derto include data only for those establishments located witliin the corporate, limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 74 MANUFACTUEES— ARKANSAS. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR STATE, AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEABE.ST REPRESENTATITE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 2, 604 Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and ftre- clay products. Brooms, from broom com Canning and preserving, fruits ahd vegetables. Canned vegetables Canned fruits Dried fruits Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric -railroad companies. Cars and general shop constniotion and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels Another Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Machine shops Foundries Furniture Wood f unuture Store and office fixtures Ice, manufactured Lime Liquors, distilled Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls coimeeted wlthsawrnills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds . . Mineraland soda waters Minerals and earths, ground . Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds . . , Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing ^ Book publishing, without print- ing. Printing and publishmg, newspa- pers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rice, cleaning and polishing , Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco, cigars Wood, turned and carved All other industries* 14 11 15 160 26 30 102 37 32 5 21 17 4 65 7 5 1,182 62 10 241 19 5 23 3 12 18 91 48, 440 455 634 461 42 273 63 250 378 255 243 12 75 3,949 277 111 166 528 136 494 356 311 45 587 568 21 10 31, 138 1,074 184 128 326 68 1,419 67 270 241 259 993 36 162 121 9 84 394 1,613 2,917 14 11 7 204 31 1,521 1 1 14 11 23 48 13 35 18 11 7 40 140 39 32 7 13 58 1 5 1,391 38 5 106 1 39 323 9 300 1,767 101 697 48 4 14 17 5 105 11 20 15 5 73 17 47 208 30 762 57 141 151 118 31 4 3 109 35 41,979 24 23 424 387 395 28 454 221 51 182 330 204 198 6 67 3,634 178 85 93 485 84 401 282 271 238 33 522 508 14 424 189 5 28,212 924 106 99 177 69 1,165 26 186 168 18 706 100 603 116 354 1,312 Au 45,506 Jy 3,800 Je Ja Jy My Se^ My Jy* Jy< Myi De Ja Ja De 217 94 132 608 102 432 93 299 306 274 43 596 684 17 Jy 708 Se 210 De 12 Jy 31,312 Ap 969 Se Fe Jy Se De Ap Je Je My Fe Je Ap Jy (>) My Ja< 127 109 287 108 2,141 29 196 178 24 107 610 67 6 64 376 De 38, 810 Ja« P) Co Ja De Jy Ap Fo8 Jas Jy4 De No No m No* 19 23 328 371 154 23 2 1 227 109 103 6 63 Ap 3,482 De Se Ja Fe Ja Oo De De Ja* No Au No No Mhi 149 71 61 462 75 Ja 227 Ja , 160 Jes De 25, 432 No 862 De De Ja Ap Jy ^J De De No Jy Ja< Jy C) Je No Ja No 77 88 110 35 24 173 158 14 894 97 694 3 18 48 6 53 305 (') 40 23 613 402 527 33 1,710 881 144 686 336 124 118 67 3,617 185 84 101 558 104 464 305 248 217 31 611 498 13 572 186 13 3,684 116 94 213 106 2,218 30 175 156 19 719 100 616 3 216 65 6 64 40 23 474 346 510 31 530 232 38 280 336 124 118 67 3,616 138 41 97 664 104 450 304 248 217 31 490 477 13 565 186 13 33,488 115 77 197 105 2,216 19 132 116 16 571 91 477 3 216 64 8 35 364 1 1,038 523 97 416 m 23 7 123 m 17 173 3 m 123 108 6 9 $77,162,485 71,948 33,749 445, 898 576,090 999,642 68,200 297, 698 164, 140 28,600 104,958 584,629 1,004,773 997,873 6,900 231,706 2,113,430 393,667 170,448 223,219 702,447 71,663 630,794 170,895 1,788,048 763,899 715,015 48,884 1,284,902 1,276,282 8,640 2,920,490 373,527 46,293 44,521,962 2,220,158 440,610 231,986 569,638 830,874 5,835,766 87,523 466,165 417,607 48,848 1,670,487 284,770 1,354,859 30,858 624,884 310,464 9,500 36,671 417,678 4,226,218 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' No figures shown for reasons given in the " Explanation of terms. ' * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 2 Artificial limbs 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 6 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . 2 Butter 2 Buttons 5 tharcoal 1 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 1 I Druggists' preparation 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, In- Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' eluding plate printing 1 goods 1 Explosives 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Fertilizers 2 Cotton goods 2 Food preparations.notelsewherespeo- Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiar- I ifled 2 ''''''^^^'''Digmzedby'Microsoft® Furnishing goods, men's 2 Oas, lUumiaating and heating. 1 Hand stamps 2 Hats,fur-felt i , Hones and whetstcmes 2 Jewelry 4 Liquors,malt 1 MANUFACTURES— AEKANSAS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 75 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. OfBcials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE- -ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 12,364,996 $1,807,975 $20,751,731 $2,111,137 $278,322 $788,421 $43,700,428 $1,206,380 $83,940,587 839,033,779 177,208 167,378 3,081 793 5,958 7,384 1 700 1,380 28,620 14,679 28,370 1,980 10,657 5,185 2,200 3,272 36,820 12,100 12,100 9,828 14,040 177,329 206,600 161,487 12, 870 116,468 56,425 7,127 63,916 135,937 120,839 117,750 3,089 50,985 2, 449, 705 89,212 35,966 53,256 239,007 48,033 190,974 72,096 123,226 176,874 162,780 24,094 256,209 247,209 9,000 238,312 53,596 1,926 13,352,746 480,069 70,723 49,355 77,964 29,414 610,726 11,548 117, 154 105,210 11,944 46.3,065 97,316 353,408 2,341 48,244 50,815 3,032 24,750 168,020 597,561 183 3,250 15 39,945 120 895 2,068 1,676 339 167 4,004 5,950 5,108 275 925 460 118 347 3,771 7,696 7,668 38 1,271 11,820 2,661 1,278 1,383 2,599 218 2,381 1,119 12,517 6,303 5,980 323 7,123 7,088 35 24,288 1,844 16,682 523,833 14,821 1,910 1,373 3,428 1,195 55,062 2,635 2,862 2,632 230 11,808 2,939 8,729 140 4,966 2,486 146 7,436 1,930 36,169 20,946 13, 177 289,055 803,404 36,240 55, 647 330,922 206,783 24,511 99,628 446,913 198,648 196,148 2,500 47,298 2,049,324 546, 401 249,596 296,806 670,538 310,992 359,546 128,120 5,126,569 201, 480 176, 150 26,330 574,431 569,636 4,795 145,815 41, 544 7,552 16,833,993 1,660,034 116,531 186,192 360, 095 143,274 7,405,718 65,907 170,135 161,717 8,418 448,610 201,986 244,692 2,033 1, 702, 160 260,599 110,920 27,5-39 262,835 3,213,862 431 729 327 30,025 90,798 502 15,603 3,179 60S 11,816 6,230 6,063 6,773 290 1,005 90,035 14,087 3,297 10,790 111 111 42,300 60,013 563,071 1, 441, 894 460,598 84,952 579,209 321, 146 36,002 222,061 772, 310 414, .326 405, 126 9,200 109,469 4,971,093 877,856 361,254 516,601 1,064,317 386,195 668, 122 262,202 5,802,099 524,778 456,248 68,530 1,112,784 1,087,163 25,631 1,114,551 187,994 38, 166 39,507,781 2,783,079 289,992 329,446 698,511 262,832 9,249,457 162,450 491,576 452,031 39,645 1,850,413 579,638 1,191,906 78,869 1,837,478 413,551 122,738 80, 862 606, ,574 4,899,866 20,923 36, 107 263,689 608,465 334,560 28,803 232,684 111,184 10,883 110,617 320, 167 209,616 203,205 6,410 61, 166 2,831,734 317,367 108,361 209,006 383,668 75,092 308, 576 132,637 630, 106 310,169 269,243 40,916 .526,459 606,459 20,000 769,189 106, 102 29,626 23,407,038 1,112,275 168,632 138,486 328,422 99, 422 1, 649, 101 95,751 315, 924 285,265 30,659 1,379,134 373,020 929,332 76,782 131,962 151,353 11,781 63,241 243. 469 1,594; 563 34 32 1,655 319 2,323 39 587 429 40 118 2,141 697 681 16 113 3,182 418 67 361 1,036 75 960 23 5,880 519 490 29 1,354 1,307 47 11,052 457 75 118, 661 3,590 558 349 289 613 13,001 30 185 166 19 847 167 675 5 1,520 68 14 "i,'665" ' '2,'2ii' """360" 304 36 20 2,110 428 428 20 2 48 16 60 12 174 102 4 68 16 107 102 5 ? 1,280 9,790 15,470 11,226 3,440 2,977 1,112 1,000 865 11,268 7,546 7,546 225 46 900 3,400 30 2 303 62 27 53 23 io" 3 20 3 4 5 6 7 1,771 1,485 8 9 10 286 84 300 300 393 1,097 4,054 3,238 816 30 15 162 151 11 113 60 300 47 263 ie' 67 2,268 10 16" 20 11 12 13 14 15 6,700 149,930 19,156 4,600 14,666 14,369 175 14,194 3,071 34,280 45,468 39,894 5,564 42,769 41,605 1,164 86,817 10,680 3,150 184,208 33,812 15,148 18,664 8,231 1,200 12,501 380 204 176 14,036 625 13,411 650 16 10 19,008 6,104 12,904 1,161 301 860 3,801 9,546 5,236 3,896 1,340 5,243 3, 835 1,408 19,400 294 40 24,884 9,269 6,158 6,375 8,351 1,465 625 4,138 16, 134 14,754 1,380 47,920 8,070 37,667 2,183 3,106 75 75" 1,033 75 958 "3 '949' 147 135 12 1,132 1,132 10, 607 353 75 117,746 3,070 406 40 20 498 12,470 6 26 43 20 23 2 17 18 19 20 21 ?? 8,231 5,436 31,918 14,891 14,363 638 22,872 22,872 2 2 712 155 165 20 """"296" io 10 202 ''3 1,445 45,425 13,139 10,855 2,284 11,894 11,068 836 199,547 40,348 988 266,750 10,770 6,829 4,768 9,994 20,136 194,638 792 5,517 6,049 468 22,669 4,6a3 17,982 64 3,356 1,599 37 82 270 91,441 """725" 21 494 217 200 17 200 163 37 360 24 25 26 27 ?S 730 150 580 2,079 1,033 1,046 239 2,109 52 1,957,701 11,836 1,713 22 12 10 85 104 29 30 31 32 33 22,806 3,885 1,142,569 84,096 7,930 16,605 17,928 4,020 177,681 11,303 29,888 22,604 7,284 111,194 36,220 63,334 11,640 30,480 9,040 832,685 70,667 3,520 6,330 18,484 1,426 120.869 6,529 17,825 15,933 ■1,892 121,026 79,366 36,586 5,074 26,010 26,770 600 35 48 60 8 145 485 97 309 158 3,265 285 150 95" 222 5 4 4 26" 35 36 37 186 360 1,997 111 115 136 39 40 395 24 181 162 19 563 157 391 5 41 5,614 2,694 2,920 70,125 6,488 27,193 36, 44-1 4 4 43 44 15 2 2" 292 10 282 46 47 48 40 1,620 60 61 62 53 54 55 10,999 160 1,102 1,131 25,265 7 61 1,250 6,580 21,468 138,779 840 4,404 156,385 8,042 11,612 1,424 4,258 1,406 2,991 4 133 15 1,134 """"4i7 * Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. ' None reported for one or more other months. Millinery and lace goods 1 Musicalinstruments, pianos 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified.. 1 Paving materials 6 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and snelling 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Photoengraving 1 Pottery 2 Poultry, kilUng and dressing 2 Printing and publishing, music 1 Pumj>s, steam.. L 2 Eefngerators 1 Roofiiig materf Structural iron work, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Toys and games 1 Trunks and valises 2 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere igifizedtiy imfoBOft® ' Vault lights and ventilators 1 Vinegar and cider 4 Wheelbarrows 1 Windowand doorscreens 3 Wirework i Wood preserving 1 76 MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR STATE, AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITV. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- Clerks, etc. ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and Male. Fe- male. man- agers. Aver- age num- ber. AA'age earners. Number, loth day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. •WAGE EARNERS DEC. 1.5, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. in and over. Male. Fe- male. Under Ifi. Male. Fe- male. Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABIT.VNTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. LITTLE ROCK— -Vll industries.. Bread and other bakery products — Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheel/-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Lumber, planlng-mill products, not ineludmg planing mills connected with sawmills. Mattresses and spring beds Marble and stone work Printing and p ublishing, book and j ob Printing andpublishlng, newspapers and periodicals. Saddlery and harness All other industries * 149 2,830 124 103 284 52 2,207 18 lis 22 2 2 3 86 9 146 8 6 25 7 100 3 24 5 1 4 14 5 55 1 7 1 46 3 93 9 7 77 7 632 2 21 10 1 498 6 392 18 17 5 352 3 90 10 6 3 71 6 10 24 126 g 13 1 8 15 92 11 2 19 311 7 32 114 19 139 3 39 3 4 8 1 23 67 883 55 44 79 U 094 Jy 2,427 No Je Jy Des Jy Jy Je3 Fe Je Je No Ap' 94 114 19 60 119 682 393 97 143 De 1,855 Mv = Se" De Fe Fe Mh De De» De Jy Sd» 7 41 42 401 261 85 134 2,344 91 100 13 43 100 505 349 82 140 2,184 77 62 13 43 100 500 346 03 119 28 708 $5,943,158 141,115 251,285 57,548 147,716 362,220 795,066 957, 632 132,239 30,340 210, 106 493,738 155,488 2,208,665 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— .VLL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Argent A Fort Smith . Helena Hot Springs. Pine Blutf... 21 2,277 20 70 139 7 2,041 103 1,802 111 86 141 31 1,433 22 290 13 20 21 5 231 42 319 45 18 9 6 241 55 1,551 46 66 132 18 1,299 Jy Fe Oc Ja De 2,128 1,579 317 271 1,437 No Je De Je 1,956 2,021 2,020 1 1,283 1,440 1,292 140 6 2 165 322 320 1 1 206 224 207 16 1 1,182 1,492 1,465 26 1 $1,794,610 4,440,310 677,428 579,985 4,801,417 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs 2 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 2 Brooms 2 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Carriages and wagons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Cooperage 3 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Fertilizers 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ARKANSAS. OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 77 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■Wage earners. For eon- tract work. Rent and taxes. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. Total. Primary horsepower. Steam en- gines. 1 In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing.' CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALl^ INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $264,336 $271,479 $1,314,993 $44, 233 $75,078 $49,152 $4,185,119 $109,667 $7,754,676 $3,459,889 7,308 4,725 20 2,563 176 1 2,080 12,840 1,600 11,524 12,600 27,100 45,725 11,943 960 12,104 55,964 8,340 61,664 1,944 29,762 4,248 312 4,820 7,447 34,632 6,830 12,799 78,192 18,754 72,839 62,372 46,652 8,472 34,461 37,733 240,938 232,495 38,401 12, 131 62,530 123,749 24,877 401, 182 7,566 10,638 520 1,040 1,174 1,548 126 1,352 2,181 2,736 5,879 828 170 1,298 4,120 476 27,264 226,117 341,968 46,727 46,908 16,378 280,334 686,091 142,346 26,776 120,159 222,975 143,163 1,889,188 5,284 6,868 573 1,709 33,600 56 2,947 4,086 812 2,683 4,656 822 45,671 384, 149 630,467 66,063 111,284 192, 133 1,004,758 1,138,094 236,844 58,900 291,376 650,028 213,950 2,876,629 152, 748 181,631 18, 763 63,667 143,155 724,368 450,056 90,412 32,313 168,634 422,397 69,976 941,770 66 216 21 82 1,480 1,054 1,068 200 55 98 222 37 2,710 65 198 21 82 315 23 168 200 66 98 222 37 1,081 25" ? 20 3 150 600 4 6 1,165 1,031 900 6 1,359 3,290 6,300 1,231 7,918 12,677 4,840 17,700 7 8 9 50 2,544 29,933 10 11 12 13 11,056 1,629 14 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $103,788 137,866 34,287 25,501 129,610 $127,105 171,988 17,241 10,859 145,984 $1,424,127 803, 161 109,462 145,641 701,841 $1,878 12,914 660 3,770 115,060 $5,600 43,656 3,085 12,343 18,215 $14,472 38,640 9,923 7,610 37,650 $1,599,688 2,672,026 770,789 276,676 2,934,180 $65,481 77,926 33,255 21,350 65,605 $3„425,681 4,645,722 1,120,761 626,970 4,618,232 $1,760,512 1,895,770 316, 717 328,944 1, 518, 447 2,239 5,111 1,439 993 5,396 2,010 4,018 1,328 830 4,677 229 992 62 119 430 1,498 95 "i,"ii6" 1 93 49 44 289 8 2 3 4 5 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. Furniture 4 Hand stamps 2 Hats, fur-felt 1 Jewelry 2 Liquors, malt 1 Mineral and soda waters 6 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 2 Patent medicines and compounds 8 Photo-engraving Printing and publishing, music Structural iron work, not made in steel works or rolling mills Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettee 2 Trunks and valises 2 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wood tiuTied and carved 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CALIFORNIA. By Mary W. Dillenback and Maby G. Talcott. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — California ranks sec- ond in size among the states, with a gross area of 158,297 square miles, of which 155,652 represent land surface. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,485,053, and in 1910, 2,377,549, and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,757,895. In total population Cahfor- nia ranked twelfth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked thirty-sixth in that year, with 15.3 inhabitants per square mile; the cor- responding figure for 1900 was 9.5. The lu-ban population — that is, the population re- siding in incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 1,469,739, or 61.8 per cent of the total in 1910, as against 52.4 per cent in 1900. There were in the state, in 1914, 5 cities estimated to have more than 50,000 inhabitants, namely, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oakland, Sacramento, and San Francisco, and there were 16 other cities estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants, namely, Alameda, Bakersfield, Eureka, Fresno, Long Beach, Pasadena, Pomona, Redlands, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Jose, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, Stockton, and Vallejo. The aggregate estimated population of these 21 cities formed 56.1 per cent of the total estimated population of Cahfornia in 1914. San Francisco Bay, which has an area of about 450 square miles, is by far the most important harbor of the state. On this bay are located the cities of San Fran- cisco, Oakland, Berkeley, and Alameda, the first being the most important port on the Pacific coast. Los Angeles and San Diego, in southern Cahfornia, are the ports of the state next in importance. Several trunk Unes and local steam railways, which operated 8,368 miles of track in 1914,^ and 35 companies, operating 2,382 miles of electric-railway tracks in 1912,^ furnish excellent transportation facihties. by land, and the lower courses of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers are available for transportation by water. These two rivers, together with numerous smaller rivers and many mountain streams in various parts of the state, afford abundant water power, some of which is transformed into electric energy which in some instances is transmitted over exceptionallj' long distances. ' Statistics of railways in the United States, Interstate Com- merce Commission, 1914. " Central electric light and power stations and street and elec- tric railways, 3912, p. 286. Dloitized bV The total value of farm crops in the state in 1909 was $153,111,013, of which $50,706,869 represent fruits and nuts, $42,187,215 hay and forage, and $28,039,826 cereals. According to the report of the Geological Survey for 1914, the total mineral production of the state for that year was valued at $101,087,140, the principal prod- ucts being petroleum, valued at $48,066,096, and gold and silver, $21,467,434. The natural resomrces of the state give rise to several of its leading industries, such as canning and preserv- ing, petroleum refining, the lumber industry, beet sugar, flour milhng and gristmiUing, the wine industry, and the manufacture of cement. The high cost of fuel, the greater part of which had to be brought from outside the state, retarded the early development of manufactures, but the discovery of an abundance of oil in the state, the development of the oil fields, and the utUization of hydroelectric power, have given a decided impetus to manufactures in California. Importance and growth of manufactures. — California shows a marked growth in manufactures during the last 45 years. The gross value of products per capita of the total population increased from $119 in 1869 to $258 in 1914, and the proportion which the manufac- tures of the state represented of the total value of the products of manufacturing industries in the United States advanced from 1.6 to 2.9 per cent during the same time. California ranked sixteenth among the states in 1869 in gross value of manufactured products, but had advanced to ninth place in 1914. The totals presented in this report do not include the statistics for an estabhshment operated by the Federal Government — the United States navy yard, located at Mare Island. In 1914 this plant employed an aver- age of 2,163 wage earners and the value of work per- formed was $4,349,104. Table 1 summarizes the more important statistics relative to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state of California, for the years 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. While this table brings out the fact that the manu- facturing industries of California, in most respects, show a lower rate of development during the five-year period 1909-1914 than during the preceding periods 1904-1909 and 1899-1904, it also shows that the actual MK^^(5ft^^^^^^^ for every item, except capital, for (79) 80 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. the later period. For the thi'ee census periods a satis- factory percentage of increase is shown for each item, except contract work. The amount paid for contract work depends upon the methods of operation and not upon the magnitude of the transactions. Therefore, the decrease of 5.1 per cent in this item from 1904 to 1909 and the increase of 70.9 per cent from 1909 to 1914 is of no significance. During the period 1899 to 1914 the value of manu- factures in California increased at a somewhat greater rate than the value of the manufactures of the United States as a whole. The number of establishments reported at the census of 1914 represented an increase over 1899 of 101.3 per cent; average number of wage earners, 80.6 per cent; value of products, 176.9 per cent; and value added by manufacttire, 186.1 per cent. The corresponding percentages for the decade 1904- 1914 were — number of estabhshments, 47.1 per cent; wage earners, 38.9 per cent; value of products, 91.4 per cent; and value added by manufacture, 75.1 per cent. While there were employed on the average, during the year 1914, 139,481 wage earners in the manufac- tures of the state, as shown by Table 9, large numbers wei'e employed for short periods. The greatest activity was reported for August, when 161,072 wage earners were employed. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) 1914 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. 10,057 176, 547 10,429 26,637 139, 481 491, 025 $736, 105, 455 140, 842, 691 35, 230, 010 105, 612, 681 3, 752, 013 13, 723, 591 447, 474, 531 712, 800, 764 265, 326, 233 . 7,659 141, 576 8,077 18, 203 115,296 329, 100 $537, 134, 359 107, 096, 894 22, 955, 417 84, 141, 477 2, 195, 153 11,772,354 323, 238, 074 529, 760, 628 204, 522, 454 1901 6,839 120,040 7,402 12,283 . 100, 355 210,359 S282, 647, 201 79, 053, 843 14,399,157 64, 656. 686 2,313,392 3 3,961,338 215, 726, 414 367,218.494 151, 492, 080 1899 4,997 m 6,^77 77, 224 126, 953 $175,467,806 47, 385, 354 7,495,357 39, 889, 997 P) 164, 894, 269 257,385,821 92, 491, 252 PER CENT OF INCREASE. ' 1909-1914 31.3 24.7 29.1 46.3 21.0 49.2 37.0 31.5 63.5 25.5 70.9 16.6 37.6 34.6 29.7 1904-1909 12.0 17.9 9.1 48.2 14.9 56.4 90.0 35.5 59.4 30.1 -5.1 .50.8 44.3 35.0 1899-1904 36.9 78.6 30.0 65.7 61.1 66.8 92.1 62.1 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. All industries.. Canning and preserving. Petroleum, refining Lumber and timber products. Slaughtering and meat packing Printing and publishing Foundrjr and machine-shop products Flour-null and gristmill products . . . Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and conden.sed milk. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Sugar, beet , Gas, illuminating and heating Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Leather, tanned, curried, and lin- ished Coffee and spice, roasting and grnid- ing Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing Food preparations, not elsewhere ified. specii Cement Confectionery. Clothing, men's, including shirts Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work — Furniture and refrigerators Paving materials ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 42; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted can not be given. 38.4 74.6, where base is 1 5 than 100, or where comparable figures. MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 81 Table 3— Continued. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Faint and varnish Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Marble and stone work Ice, manufactured Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Liquors, distilled, rum and brandies. Soap Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies lyeather goods Clothing, women's Jatent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Automobiles, including bodies and parts Mattresses and spring beds Eooflng materials, other than metal. . Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere speciiied Tertilizers Agricultural implements Boots and shoes Confectionery (ice cream) Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. . Chemicals Jewelry Iron and steel, wrought pipe Boxes and cartons, paper Mineral and soda waters Carriages and wagons and materials. . Wirework, tncludmg wire rope and cable Salt Artificial stone products Millinery and lace goods Awnings, tents, and sails Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Gloves and mittens, leather Malt Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Hosiery and knit goods Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Furnishing goods, men's Babbitt metal and solder Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods ■Window shades and fixtures Photo-engraving Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting Pur goods .\11 other industries CENSUS OF 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 143 9S 27 13 25 29 157 126 98 49 56 20 98 7 23 175 155 20 22 94 42 50 36 24 3 11 16 27 10 Wage earners. Average number. 1,244 392 1,507 1,294 1,139 112 244 780 613 1,060 328 731 654 306 352 196 704 617 265 463 257 627 343 753 363 537 200 347 466 405 244 247 422 34 226 405 334 233 33 149 72 201 206 147 126 13, 651 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.9 0.3 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 m 0.2 0.3 0.2 2 m 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Value of products. Amoimt. $4,213,736 4,082,160 3,987,616 3,633,417] 3,587,334 3, 283, 619 3,049,652 2,967,932 2,861,653 2, 777, 446 2,732,867 2,495,911 2, 458, 843 2, 447, 507 2,377,706 2,337,563 2,330,761 1,962,235 1, 891, 356 1, 781, 870 1, 553, 630 1, 524, 411 1, 519, 493 1, 476, 891 1, 451, 047 1,390,518 1,383,867 1,360,776 1,214,551 1,186,618 1,127,538 1, 123, 503 951, 309 950,679 938,055 905,408 902,211 862,530 849,844 640, 690 615, 905 593, 826 575,J18 553,806 550, 738 509,291 133,021,601 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.6 0. 0. 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0. 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 18.7 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $1,540,269 1,209,252 2,615,331 2, 124, 868 2, 661, 260 1,761,602 2,090,980 949, 679 1,301,395 1,329,015 1,352,286 1,308,667 1,225,074 1, 028, 825 921, 945 664, 016 471,201 1,061,927 637,997 687, 394 840, 301 590, 962 1,018,720 659, 356 744, 176 900,387 886, 792 454, 919 817, 518 715,366 583,174 413, 739 464, 103 493, 113 265,783 426, 124 478,352 518,279 408, 568 187, 469 226,901 200,825 495,823 286, 977 298, 259 309, 460 27,010,745 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 10.2 PEK CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 19.8 -1.0 2.9 -8.6 71.0 9.7 -42.0 47.0 79.3 -13.7 34.0 5.8 52.9 23.9 90.1 -15.3 -13.3 13.2 -11.2 -16.3 5.3 9.2 114.4 20.7 4.0 -29.3 -13.4 -13.6 46.6 144. 82.1 26.7 -26.0 55. 73.9 46.1 5.8 104.0 -26.5 1901- 1909 34.3 35.2 -17.9 69.1 60.5 123.2 153.9 -24.5 7. -8.4 24.8 -4.2 -10.9 83.7 29, -1, 126.6 -5.8 29.0 -0.9 -22.4 29.1 28.4 77.8 -15.3 -34.6 -49.7 10.5 20.7 28.7 48.1 -41.7 1899- 1904 39.3 65.5 44.5 47.9 118.4 -9.8 69.3 1.4 -25.5 -5.5 21.3 -14.8 -29.2 12.4 -33. 101.4 46.3 -17.9 17.2 63. 12.5 -17.0 -84.1 Value of products. 1909- 1914 19.7 8.6 18.7 7.5 53.9 9.1 -43.0 88.3 , 77.4| 23.8 1904- 1909 136.4 58.6 5.3 41.1 78.3 145.0 359.5 -1.5 60.7 5.6 -4.2 7.2 67.3 3,983.3 13.1 114.3 29. 7 75. 2 7.9 0. -26.5 -1.7 -9.4 16.7 -2.4 72.5 50.4 -2.2 -32.6 -12.1 62.9 84.6 173.1 88.9 40.1 -22.7 13.5 180.2 07.9 17.9 41.0 22.1 29.2 -1.6 68.5 26.1 158.7 79.9 11.0 16.2 7.6 133.2 84.2 1 -12.8 84.3 73. 95.4 69.5 -19.5 -27.8 35.1 25.2 47.5 26.6 84.2 163.1 55.3 68.1 62.0 44.5 78.3 -55.7 1899- 1904 65.3 SS,2 69.1 113.5 l.w.S Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 189.5 0.3 80.6 24.8 -11 -7.5 144.0 21. 33.2 9.3 -6. -45. 5 108. -4.9 12.9 121.4 15.9 -1.1 277.6 181.1 -58.2 30.9 -6.1 '2ii.'i 31.5 9.3 22.1 -3.3 SO. -5.1 -53.7 107.0 90.1 16.3 43.8 59.1 11.7 19.9 19.0 -13.6 -20.6 -0.2 3,247.8 72.1 40. 0.7 37.9 61.7 9.5 -12.8 8.6 14.0 103.4 42.3 -1, -26.3 -18.9 62.3 199.5 47.9 20.8 -26.7 23.4 176.6 89.7 68.3 54.9 -31.4 15.8 -0.4 29.8 133.3 -16.0 67.0 1904- 1909 65.1 59.8 2.3 58.1 75.3 142.1 471.9 -13.6 20.2 3.1 28.3 16.7 151.2 84.8 8.1 -19.8 50.8 63.1 112.6 29.1 -15.7 -38.0 48.9 23.7 75.0 19.4 70.2 146.7 108.4 55.6 87.9 57.9 70.3 -53.8 1899- 1904 80.2 118.3 S2.7 84.4 157.8 1,580.9 9.0 189.3 40.7 -9.4 12.9 190.1 25.6 99.6 -7.2 -3.3 -35.3 161.1 45,1 0.5 17.5 93.6 60.6 -6.6 252.2 283.6 -63.7 50.6 27.3 iss.'i ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 42; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented in this table for 71 industries, or industry groups, for each of which prod- ucts valued at more than $500,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 4 with products ex- ceeding $50,000,000, 11 with products between $10,- 000,000 and $50,000,000 in value, 42 between $1,000,- 000, and $10,000,000, and 14 with products between $500,000 and $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," are a number 82101°— 18 6 which have products exceeding in value some for which figures areshown in the tables,but f orwhich statistics can not be shown separately without the possibility of dis- closing the operations of in dividual establishments, as fol- lows: Belting and hose, rubber; cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of raihoad companies ; chocolate and cocoa products; cordage and twine and jute goods; explosives ; firearms and ammunition ; glass ; lead, bar, pipe, and sheet; matches; oil, not elsewhere specified; Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 82 MANUFACTURES -CALIFORNIA. paper and wood pulp; smelting and refining, copper; smelting and refining, lead; smelting and refining, not from the ore; stationery goods, not elsewhere specified; sugar, refining; sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids; and woolen, worsted, and felt goods. Tilt, industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Canning and pre- serving, which ranked first in value of products, was second in average number of wage earners and fifth in value added by manufacture. Petroleum refining ranked second in value of products, fourth in value added by manufactures, but only fifteenth in average number of wage earners. The manufacture of lumber, which ranked first in value of products in 1909, took third place in 1914, but held first place in average num- ber of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing ranked ninth in value added by manufacture, but fourth in value of products and twelfth in number of wage earners. Foundry and and machine-shop products, which ranked only sixth in value of products, was third in value added by man- ufacture and fourth in wage earners. Printing and pubHshing ranked fifth in value of products and wage earners and second in value added by manufacture. There were a number of changes in rank according to value of products in 1914, as compared with 1909, aU the most important industries having changed places in the table. Canning ajid preserving and petroleum refining moved up from third and eighth in 1909 to first and second, respectively, in 1914, while lumber and timber and slaughtering and meat pack- ing, which ranked first and second in 1909, were third and fourth, respectively, in 1914. Printing and pub- Ushing, bread and other bakery products, and butter, cheese, and condensed milk moved up one place in 1914, while foundry and machine-shop products, and flour-miU and gristmill products each dropped two places. Canning and presermng. — This industry, which is the most important in Cahfomia in value of products, includes the canning of fruits' and vegetables, fish, oysters, clams, etc.; the preparation of pickled, smoked, and dried fish; the packing of dried fruits by packing houses which make a specialty of such busi- ness; and the manufacture of pickles, preserves, jellies, sauces, etc., but it does not include the drying and packing of fruits by the grower on the farm, nor does it include the canning of meats, soups, and similar prod- ucts in meat-packing establishments (the statistics for which are included with those for the slaughtering and meat-packing industry). The climate of the state is especially favorable to the growth of fruits of all kinds, and large quantities are canned, dried, and pre- served for sale in the eastern and foreign markets. The canning, pickUng, smoking, ai show a marked increase since 1909; in that year there were only 12 estabhshments, with products valued at $754,930, while in 1914 there were 23 establishments, with products valued at $2,745,779. The canning of oysters forms a comparatively unimportant branch of the industry. California far exceeds any other state in the value of products for the canning industry as a whole, the amount reported for 1 9 1 4 being $6 1 , 1 62 ,849, or 25.1 per cent of the total for the United States. Petroleum, refining. — This industry, which ranks second in the state in value of products, includes establishments engaged in the refining of crude petro- leum by distillation, and does not include those engaged in the manufacture of gasoline from natiu-al gas at the wells. In the production of crude oil, California, with a marketed product of 99,775,327 barrels in 1914, or 37.5 per cent of the entire produc- tion of the country, is the leading state; and in pe- troleum refining, with products value at $55,527,651, the state ranks second, being exceeded only by New Jer- sey. In 1914 the refining industry gave employment to 1,930 wage earners, an increase of 107.5 per cent over the number reported in 1909, and during the same period the value of products increased $37,- 649,645, or 210.6 per cent. Lumber and timber products. — This industry, which embraces not only logging operations, sawmills, and planing miUs, but also factories manufacturing wooden packing boxes, ranked first in 1909, but dropped to third place in 1914. It showed an increase of $7,- 859,996, or 17.5 per cent, in value of products for the period of 1909-1914 and an increase of 52.7 per cent in the ten-year period from 1904 to 1914. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments and those engaged in the manufacture of sausage. The animals slaughtered are largely cattle and sheep from the foothills and lower moun- tain slopes and from the plateau regions of the north- eastern part of the state and southeastern Oregon, conditions in these sections being very favorable to stock raising. This, together with the fact that within recent years the meat packers have been able to overcome, through refrigeration, climatic difficul- ties which required the excessive use of salt in pre- serving meats, has been an important factor in the growth of the industry, which .has been very rapid since 1899, when the value of products was $15,817,262, as compared with $50,011,820 in 1914, an increase of $34,194,558, or 216.2 per cent. Printing and publishing. — This classification in- cludes job printing; the printing and publishing of books, newspapers and periodicals, and music; book- binding; steel engraving; and hthographing. More establishments were reported for this industry in 1914 than for any other iudustry in the state. The 1,543 establishments reporting included 822 pubHsh- ^({gr^^QpS^rs and periodicals and 631 doing book MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 83 and job work exclusively. The average number of wage earners employed in the newspaper and periodical branch of the industry was 4,334, and the value of products, $21,557,591; the average number of wage earners engaged ia book and job work was 3,172, and the value of products, $9,885,477. These two branches of the industry together employed 85.7 per cent of the average number of wage earners and reported 90.4 per cent of the total value of products for the entire industry ia 1914. Foundry and macJiine-sTiop products. — This industry embraces, in addition to the general class of foundries and machine shops, establishments engaged in such special lines as the repairing of automobiles and the manufacture of engines, steam, gas, and water; gas machines and gas and water meters; hardware; plumbers' supplies; steam and other power pumps; steam fittings and heating apparatus; and structural ironwork. It does not, however, include establish' ments which manufacture distinctive products cov- ered by other classifications, such as cash registers and calculating machines, or electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes. The industry ranked fourth in 1914 among the manufacturing industries of the state in number of wage earners, giving employment to 9,747, or 7 per cent of the total for aU industries. Flour^miU and gristmill products. — This industry, measured by value of products, ranked fifth in 1909, but dropped to seventh place in 1914. There was a slight decrease in value of products but an increase in the number of wage earners and establishments during the five-year period. The totals do not include data for the small mills engaged exclusively in custom grinding for local consumption. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — This industry, which in California is confined chiefly to the manu- facture of butter, has made marked progress during the past decade, the value of products increasing from $7,820,937 in 1904 to $20,466,428 in 1914, a gain of 161.7 per cent. Cars and general sTiop construction and repairs hy steamr 139, 481 115,296 100,355 704 622 731 478 617 095 753 624 4,851 4,018 2,571 2,730 1,044 597 12, 756 7,757 537 760 2,086 1,902 11,563 9,342 2,420 2,407 2,468 2,385 1,060 791 1,839 1,002 7S0 435 1,067 948 938 716 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 85.1 86.9 84.4 99.4 100.0 97.5 95. S 35.1 31.4 78.7 80.3 99.1 98.9 94.8 40.1 41.5 99.1 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 20.0 17.4 36.8 31.8 30.1 36.9 72.8 68.0 Fe- male. 14.0 12.2 14.0 0.3 2.2 3.6 27.7 25.2 63.6 63.1 20.7 18.8 0.7 0.2 o.O 64.7 56.3 0.2 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.9 0.9 1.6 79.5 82.4 61.5 61.1 29.9 24.8 4.6 2.1 25.6 31.7 0.3 0.6 2.6 5.6 1.3 5.5 0.6 0.9 o;2 0.9 5.2 2.2 0.2 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.2 8.4 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.8 1.6 0.3 Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators Gas, Mluminating and heating Ice, manufactui'ed Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mUls. .Tewelry Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All other industries Census 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ■WAGE EABNEBS. Aver- num- ber.' 9,747 8,377 1,620 1,653 2,317 1,666 1,139 1,244 1,038 627 574 613 710 1,361 1,398 1,512 1,296 1,602 1,287 22, 438 22, 935 1,294 1,415 654 528 8, 759 7,556 3,457 1,844 2,220 1,641 1,607 1,465 26,656 20, 108 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 97.7 97.6 99.9 lOO.O 99.9 98.5 89.6 91.5 83.7 82.0 100.0 98.9 99.8 99.9 86.4 87.7 99.9 82.1 81.9 99.7 99.7 96.6 97.4 68.9 77.1 84.1 Fe- male. 0.3 0.2 1.5 2.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 8.6 5.4 16.0 16.6 0.2 "as 0.1 1.1 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 13.6 10.6 "1.7 0.1 0.1 16.4 15.7 1.5 2.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 •3.0 1.8 30.6 20.6 15.3 14.2 Un- der 16 years of 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.1 1.1 1.8 3.1 0.3 1.4 0.4 0.8 0.5 2.3 0.3 1.6 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms.' For all industries combined for the decade 1904-1914 the proportion of female wage earners over 16 years of age remains the same, while there has been a decrease in the number of children wage earners under 16 years of age, and a corresponding increase in the male wage earners 16 years of age and over. The table shows 36 industries for which separate figures are given, and in 1914, as compared with 1909, 18 show an increased proportion of males and 18 an increased proportion of females, while but 10 show an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years of age. Four of the industries that gave employment to children under 16 years of age in 1909 employed no children in 1914; and four of the industries gave em- ployment to children in 1914 that during 1909 had no employees of this class, but in only one was the num- ber of children employed greater tHa*i.two. The canning and preserving, conffe^ionery, and printing and publishing industries wf^'(m^^(^ er cent. 92 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 13 OTT. San Francisco.:. Los Angeles Oakland Fresno Sacramento Stockton San Jose San Diego Berkeley Vallejo Long]3each Bakersfield Alameda San Bernardino. . Eureka Eiverside Pasadena Santa Cruz Santa Barbara... Pomona Redlands AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 31, 758 23,744 7,706 2,903 5,334 1,919 2,029 2,060 1,328 292 885 894 1,087 1,077 799 838 536 401 276 322 107 1909 28,244 17,327 6,905 1,938 1 4, 521 1 1, 571 1 1, 399 1,071 1,084 203 277 746 915 729 946 1263 499 274 1239 224 147 1904 38,429 10,424 3,353 1,915 4,203 1,333 1,260 541 338 279 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1909 1904 S162, 299, 795 $133,041,069 103,467,993 68, 686, 274 28,521,828 22,342,926 16, 520, 109 11, 090, 195 16,382,670 114,006,303 11,293,483 111,470,425 10,806,117 1 5, 482, 747 9, 020, 895 4, 740, 990 7, 321, 044 4, 435, 374 3, 071, 919 1, 895, 562 2, 944, 888 927, 180 2, 928, 373 2, 818, 744 2,786,176 2,554,417 2, 612, 669 1,659,705 2, 480, 374 3, Oil, 682 2, 307, 226 1 1, 012, 675 1,971,891 1, 724, 364 1, 320, 427 1,161,269 843,673 1 842, 831 825,000 521,671 659, 661 518,320 $137, 788, 233 34, 814, 475 9, 014, 705 9, 763, 632 10, 072, 893 8, 029, 490 4, 298, 216 1, 974, 430 1, 473, 888 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only tor those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Table 14 shows for 22 leading industries of San Francisco (presented also in Table 43) the value of products in 1914, with the percentage which each in- dustry formed of the total of the same industry in the state, and the actual increase as well as the percentage of increase between 1914 and 1909. Table 14 INDUSTRY. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Foundry and machine-shopproducls . . Canning and preserviag Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding . Bread and other bakery products Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products — Shipbuilding, inoludingboat building. . Lumber and timber products Clothing, men's, including shirts Liquors, malt Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied Furniture and refrigerators Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified Marble and stone work Clothing, women's Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Mattresses and spring beds SAN FRANCISCO— VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF LEADING INDUSTRIES: 1914. Per Increase over 1909.1 cent of indus- Amount. try total Per cent. for the the Amount. State. $15,031,038 43.2 $2,829,806 23.2 14,661,233 29.3 4,391,321 42.8 8,332,417 26.3 -1,289,984 -13.4 8,312,743 13.6 3,536,788 741 7,270,374 76.9 2,297,635 46.2 6,683,359 30.6 1,416,227 26,9 6,851,998 2,207,140 60.6 4,950,120 61.1 2,860,194 136.7 4,179,246 7.9 -198,399 -4 5 3,955,215 71.1 272,747 7.4 3,951,462 31.7 468,970 13.5 3,436,976 34 3 -186,195 -6.1 3, 115, 766 12.9 334,402 12.0 3,097,430 38.7 661,863 27.2 2,782,224 61.0 -275,176 -9.0 2,438,627 61.2 605,324 33.0 2,366,420 40.3 647,822 37.7 1,748,342 74 8 144,417 9.0 1,728,884 47.6 93,902 5.7 1,726,202 63.1 600,639 40.9 1, 591, 363 63.8 602,301 60.9 1,184,869 48.4 148, 573 14 3 » A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. In addition to the industries included in the pre- ceding table, sugar refining was one of the more im- portant industries in San Francisco during 1914, but the statistics for this industry can not be shown separately without disclosing the operations of indi- vidual estabhshments. There were in 1914, in the city eight other industries reporting products valued at more than $1,000,000, for which separate statistics can not be presented.' 1 These industries are: Bags, other than paper. Bs&ng powders and yeast. Chocolate and cocoa products. Gas, iUuminating and heating. Table 15 for Los Angeles gives similar information to that given for San Francisco in Table 14. Oil, not elSQvrihTk^^^f Smelting and reimnig,' norrrlSiffxhff AVirework, including wire rope and cable. Table 15 INDUSTRY. Slaughtering and meat packing Foundry and machine-shop products. . Printing and pubUshing Lumber and timber products Flour-mill and gristmill product s Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . . Gas, illuminating and heating Canning and preserving Liquors, malt Confectionery Paving materials Coffee, roasting and grinding B utter and cheese Copper, tin, and sheet-iron product s Clothing, men's, including shirts Petroleum, refining Leather goods Furniture and refrigerators LOS ANGELES — VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF LEADING INDUSTRIES: 1914. $14,018,141 9,711,696 9,646,680 9, 208, 599 5,176,077 4,81.5,091 3,941,644 3,744,582 3,030,158 3,027,454 2,001,812 1,860,065 1,810,807 1,759,016 1,650,884 1,358,771 1,145,812 1,104,198 1,095,774 Per cent of indus- try total for the state. 28.0 30.6 27.7 17.5 21.5 22.0 22.9 27.6 5.0 24.3 34.1 41.2 18.9 8.6 24.4 2.1 39.8 24.0 Increase over 1909.1 $6,553,846 1,034,900 4,454,811 3,584,950 -171,096 145,015 579,526' 1,634,877 1,775,434 1,570,464 1,658,934 660,473 341,784 426,490 537,067 -260, 233 347,024 154,336 Per cent. S7.S 24.9 8-1.8 03.1 -3.2 3.1 17.2 09.5 141.5 107.8 483.8 57.4 24.1 37.9 65.4 -18.5 45.8 16.4 1 X minus sign (- ) denotes decrease. The rapid growth of the manufacturing industries of Los Angeles is brought out clearly by the fact that in 9 out of the 19 industries included in the table the value of products shows an increase of over 50 per cent during the five-year period, slaughtering and meat packing showing an actual increase of $6,553,846, or 87.8 per cent, printing and publishing, $4,454,811, or 85.8 per cent, and lumber and timber products, $3,584,950, or 63.1 per cent. The value of products for all the manufacturing industries of Los Angeles increased $34,871,719, or 50.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, the absolute increase being greater than that reported for any other city in the state. The increase for the decade as a whole was $68,643,518. Los Angeles, in 1914, reported 14.5 per cent of the total value of manufactures for the state. Oakland ranks third among the cities of the state in value of manufactured products, showing an increase in that respect of $6,178,902, or 27.7 per cent, from 1909 to 1914 and $13,328,221, or 147.8 per cent, from 1904 to 1909. The leading industries of the city were bakeries; canning and preserving; the manufacture of cordage and twine; electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppHes; foundries and machine shops; the gas industry; the lumber industry; printing and publish- ing; shipbuilding, including boat building; steam- raihoad repair shops; and steel works and rolling mills. The increase in the industrial importance of the city during the five-year period 1909-1914 was due largely to the growth of the foundry and machine- shop, lumber, shipbuilding, and canning and preserving industries, these four industries contributing 80 per cent of the total increase in value of products for all manufacturing industries of the city duiing that JVfi^h^SC)?]?®''^^^®'^^® in *^® canning and preserving I industry was particularly marked, the value of MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 93 products for this industry iu 1914 being more than three times as great as in 1909. In Fresno the canning and preserving industry, which in this city is confined largely to the drying of fruits, especially of raisins, was the leading industry in 1914, contributing 69.4 per cent of the total value of all manufactured products of the city. The city is one of the principal centers of the canning and pre- serving industry of the state, reporting nearly one- fifth of the total value of products for this industry in Cahf omia and a much larger proportion of the total value of dried fruits. Canning and preserving was also the leading industry in San Jose, the output of the industry representing 46.6 per cent of the total value of all manufactured products for that city. Other important industries were copper, tin, and sheet-iron works and foundries and machine shops. In Sacramento, the capital of the state, steam- railroad repair shops constituted the most important industry, with canning and preserving next in rank. Steel works and rolling mUls, the brewing of malt Hquors, and printing and pubHshing were other im- portant industries. In Stockton the flour-miU and gristmill industry led all others, the value of its products representing 42.4 per cent of the total value of manufactures reported for the city. The manufacture of agricultural imple- ments was also an important industry, 63.5 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in California being reported from Stockton. The most important industries in San Diego wore slaughtering and meat packing, printiiig and pub- lishing, liunber mills, and bakeries. The manufacture of coconut oil, included under ' 'oils, not elsewhere specified, " ranked first in Berkeley in 1914, closely followed by foundry and machine- shop products; other leading industries were ferti- lizers, bakeries, and canning and preserving. Flour mills and gristmills ranked first in Vallejo, and some of the important industries in Long Beach were the planing-mill branch of the lumber industry, canning and preserving fish, and shipbuilding, while Bakers- field had large steam-railroad repair shops. In the remaining cities shown in the table, the chief indus- tries were as follows: In Alameda, shipbuilding; in San Bernardino, steam-railroad repair shops; in Eureka, lumber; in Eiverside, cement; in Pasadena and Santa Barbara, bakeries and printing and pub- lishing; in Santa Cruz, lumber and slaughtering and meat packing; in Pomona, foundry and machine-shop products and canning and preserving; and in Red- lands, bakeries. Metropolitan districts. — ^The districts for which sta- tistics are presented include not only the area within the corporate limits of the city, but also parts of the surrounding territory which may in a general way bo Digitized by regarded as eloseh' associated with the development of the eity. In many cases manufacturing estabUshments of con- siderable size are located just outside the boundaries of cities. These sites are chosen in order to secure all the advantages of an urban location, such as a plenti- ful supply of labor, good shipping facilities, and the like, and at the same time escape as many as possible of the expenses and restrictions which would be in- curred in operating plants within the city Hmits. The corporate limits of some cities have been extended so as to take in important manufacturing suburbs, while the boundaries of other towns have remained un- changed, although important manufacturing suburbs have developed. When city hmits are estabhshed or extended the boimdaries are in many instances fixed in such a way as to leave outside certain plants which would be expected to come within the city limits. Obviously, the statistics for a city alone do not always accurately represent its importance from an industrial standpoint. It follows, therefore, that the importanc e' of a city as a manufactiu-ing center can be ascertained only by combining with the statistics for estabhshments actually located in the city, figures for the neighboring manufacturing establishments identified or closely associated with its industrial development. San Francisco-OaMand metropolitan district. — This district embraces 289,381 acres of territory, of which 29,760 acres constitute the area of San Francisco 29,248 acres the area of Oakland, and 230,373 acres the area of the outside territory. The estimated popula- tion of the city of San Francisco in 1914 was 448,502, that of the city of Oakland 183,002, and that of the outside territory 146,480, the total for the district being 777,984. The following is an outline map of the metropohtan district in 1914: San Francisco-Oakland Metropolitan District. IvfJclvsdffW 94 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. The metropolitan district comprises, in addition to the cities of San Francisco and Oakland, Alameda and Berkeley, with that part of Brooklyn township not included in Oakland city, and that part of Oakland township not included in Oakland and Berkeley; Eden township in Alameda County; townships 7 and 15 in Contra Costa County; San Rafael and Sausalito town- ships in Marin County; and township 1 in San Mateo County. Summary for the district. — ^Table 16 is a summary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, with a statement of the estimated population in 1914, for the San Francisco-Oakland district; for the cities of San Francisco, Oakland, Alameda, and Berkeley; and for the remainder of the district. The percentages which the figures for San Francisco and Oakland represent of the total for the district are shown in the case of each item. In 1914 the San Francisco-Oakland metropolitan district had 3,249 manufacturing establishments, which gave employment to 62,407 persons during the year and paid out 152,504,537 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed 47,626 were wage earners. These estabHshments turned out products to the value of $258,077,474, to produce which materials costing $153,633,695 were utilized. The value added by manoifacture was thus $104,443,779. Population i Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) , SAN FKANCISCO-OAKLAND METEOPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914. The district. 777, 984 3,249 62, 407 3,807 10,974 47, 626 116,753 S224, 537, 140 52,504,537 14,707,943 37,796,694 1, 738, 794 6,208,498 163, 633, 695 258,077,474 104,443,779 San Fran- cisco. 448, 502 2,334 42, 089 2,932 7,399 31, 758 61,818 S145, 621, 851 36,384,994 10,096,369 25, 288, 626 1,379,238 4, 070, Oil 97, 040, 378 162,299,796 65,259,417 Oakland. 183,002 573 9,713 579 1,428 7,706 18,950 836,410,812 7,667,045 1,701,184 5,965,861 168,839 636,829 14,999,260 28,521,828 13, 522, 568 District exclusive of San Francisco-Oakland. Total. 146, 480 342 10,605 296 2,147 8,162 36,985 $42,504,477 9,452,498 2,910,390 6, 542, 108 190,717 601, 668 41,594,057 67,255,851 25,661,794 Alameda. 26,330 62 1,260 48 126 1,087 3,492 J3, 686, 358 1,236,626 208,753 1,027,873 1,230 42,516 1,002,751 2, 786, 176 1,783,425 Berkeley. 52, 105 96 1,724 78 318 1,328 3,603 S5, 813, 768 1, 512, 631 468,626 1,053,905 17,583 67,481 4, 768, 793 7,321,044 2,552,251 Remainder. 68, 046 195 7,621 170 1,704 6,747 28,990 833,004,351 6, 703, 341 2,243,011 4,460,330 171,904 391, 661 35,822,613 67,148,631 21,326,118 PER CENT OF TOTAL FOE DISTRICT. San Fran- cisco. 57.6 71.8 67.4 77.0 67.4 66.7 52.9 64.9 67.4 68.6 66.9 79.3 78.1 63.2 62.9 62.6 Oak- land. 23.6 17.6 15.6 15.2 13.0 16.2 16.2 16.2 14.6 11.6 15.8 9.7 12.2 9.8 11.1 12.9 1 Estimated population July 1, 1914. The greater part of the value of the manufactured products of the district was reported by factories within the central cities. San Francisco and Oakland combined contained over four-fifths (81.2 per cent) of the population of the district, of which they are the manufacturing, commercial, and financial center, and contributed nearly three-fourths (73.9 per ctot) of the value of products. Their manufacturing establish- ments constituted 89.5 per cent of all in the district and gave employment to 82.9 per cent of the average number of wage earners for that area. Of the two cities outside of San Francisco and Oakland for which statistics are given separately, Berkeley had the larger value of products, represent- ing 2.8 per cent of the total for the metropolitan dis- trict. The population of Berkeley formed 6.7 per cent of the total for the district. The group of eight townships or parts of townships not shown separately, with a combined population equal to 8.7 per cent of the total for the district, con- tributed 22.1 per cent of the value of the products. Table 17 is a comparative summary for the statistics of the San Francisco-Oakland district as a whole, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, together with the per cent of in- crease. The figures for 1914 and 1909 are for the "metro- politan" area, as defined in the population census of 1910, and those for 1904 are for the "industrial" area as given in the census of manufactures of 1904. The difference in area is slight and does not materially affect the comparability of the figures given in the table. Table 17 Population Number of establish- ments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees. . . Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wage.s Salaries Wages Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manu- facture (value of pro- ducts less cost of ma- terials) SAN FEANCISCO-OAKLAND METEO- POLITAN DISTRICT. 1914 2 777,984 3,249 62,407 3,807 10,974 47,626 116,753 $224,537,140 52,504,537 14,707,943 37,796,594 153,633,695 258,077,474 104,443,779 1909 3 686,873 2,639 53, 17^ 3,390 8,172 41,615 81,821 $187,701,402 43,298,791 10,786,718 32,612,073 117,440,976 199,693,117 82,152,141 1904 (<) 2,621 .54,256 3,373 6,008 44,875 63, 772 $119,442,395 36,432,676 7,625,931 28,906,745 88,554,365 159,033,080 70,478,725 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' 190+- 1914 24.0 15.0 12.9 82.7 6.1 117.1 88.0 44.1 95.4 30.8 73.6 62.3 48.2 1909- 1914 28.0 17.4 12.3 34.3 14.4 42.7 19.6 21.3 36.4 16.3 30. 29.3 27.1 1904- 1909 —3.1 -2.0 0.5 36.0 52.2 67.1 18.8 43.3 12.5 32.6 25.5 16. S 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ~ Estimated population July 1, 1914. 3 Apr. 15, 1910. * No population census in 1905. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 95 The table shows for the decade and for the five-year period 1909-1914 an increase in every item, the largest increase being in primary horsepower, 117.1 per cent and 42.7 per cent, respectively. The population shows for the five-year period an in- crease of 13.3 per cent, and value of products for the same period an increase of 29.3 per cent and for the decade 62.3 per cent. Comparative summary, hy industries. — Statistics for such of the industries as can be shown separately, and had products valued at $2,000,000 or more in 1914, are given in Table 18 for 1914 and 1909. Table 18 All industries Bread and otlier bakery products.. Canning and preserving Clotbing Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products . . Food preparations Foundry and machine-sliop prod- ucts. Furniture and refrigerators Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Paint and varnish Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing. . . Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All other industries SAN FEANCISCO-OAKLAND METROPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914 and 1909. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 3,249 2,539 351 275 108 105 136 36 121 87 343 214 60 121 28 112 124 527 416 144 130 1,191 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 62,407 53, 177 2,739 2,412 3,118 2,238 2,839 3,045 1,134 878 1,705 1,493 144 677 574 4,701 4,840 1,263 1,362 775 682 2,896 2,996 447 427 6,460 6,154 3,354 1,759 1,402 1,063 1,486 1,314 27,267 21, 716 I'ro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. 3,807 3,390 455 396 548 120 152 320 173 541 358 349 376 1,316 1,001 Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- 10,974 8,172 249 296 330 204 199 209 176 177 209 167 134 126 732 697 126 134 168 128 323 316 97 1,984 1,872 193 97 294 190 211 79 5,485 3,323 Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). 47, 626 41, 615 2,035 1,720 2,769 2,015 2,347 2,288 917 657 1,376 1,174 77 143 461 371 3,649 3,970 1,046 1,170 603 546 2,490 2,592 340 337 3,935 3,924 3,138 1,640 1,051 817 859 20,466 17,392 Pri- mary horse- power. 116,763 81,821 1,694 1,072 1,972 1,283 555 485 430 358 1,323 1,077 1,443 1,453 1,657 950 8,621 8,692 2,470 1,418 2,875 2,457 12,622 11,116 1,267 1,013 4,686 4,191 3,540 2,457 3,431 2,080 67 71 68,100 41,648 Capital. 5224,537,140 187,701,402 814,707,943 10,786,718 4,357,858 4,309,777 8, 174, 294 6,005,636 2,404,743 2,248,377 1,431,921 1,386,567 11,917,891 5,786,774 1,222,000 1,858,397 1,823,255 2,045,085 14,378,555 14, 788, 883 2,729,572 2,318,559 10,257,329 8,498,806 7, 269, 481 5,438,090 2, 129, 681 2,058,808 8,798,032- 8, 619, 796 7,034,895 7,846,946 7,234,253 5,969,267 1,059,071 132,314,309 107,564,741 Salaries. $37,796,594 32,512,073 360,285 316,482 538,386 336,093 247,614 206,039 203, 160 185,043 309,426 237,321 65,364 104,337 167,480 146,399 1,191,527 982, 681 187,438 155,460 320,033 263,877 478,506 ' 463,348 137, 248 113,770 2,484,078 2, 208, 569 371,415 174, 263 444,579 288,306 293,972 91, 854 6,907,432 4,512,876 Wages. 1,676,404 1,437,204 1,462,670 874,433 1,209,408 1,033,385 407, 140 308, 192 1,161,508 1,034,531 69,595 127,845 295,852 218,531 3, 445, 137 3,759,659 971,815 1,115,600 730, 187 629, 550 2,253,880 2,367,874 269,010 227, 626 3,590,432 3, 642, 201 2,966,455 1, 405, 652 940,269 485,929 537,792 479,498 15,809,040 13,364,363 Cost of materials. $153,633,695 117,440,976 $258,077,474 199,693,117 5,029,217 4,315,532 10,780,037 5,271,293 3,133,970 2,884,422 1,538,356 1,115,962 3,701,532 2,290,563 2,797,052 3,015,867 2,472,368 1, 830, 812 6,262,648 l; 388, 574 1,416,107 1,300,974 1,107,819 4,802,823 3,917,645 2,481,688 2,074,346 5,171,291 3,577,030 3,086,129 1,031,730 20,432,388 16,918,049 698, 656 79,002,099 59,712,495 Value of products. 9,054,329 7,562,415 14,720,853 7,655,728 5,787,623 5,159,592 2,660,302 2,066,469 6,546,856 4,309,247 3,364,936 3,472,314 3, 481, 858 2,689,200 12,411,403 12,833,346 3,231,120 3,310,394 4,801,821 4,345,615 8,497,692 7,575,745 3,502,892 2,947,617 16,960,290 14,153,964 7,366,871 3,594,350 26,461,904 20,203,050 2,578,169 2,043,154 126,658,555 95,670,917 Value added by manu- facture. $104,443,779 82, 152, 141 4,025,112 3,246,883 3,940,816 2,384,435 2,653,653 2, 275, 170 1,121,94& 950,507 2,845,324 2,018,684 557, 884 456,447 1,009,490 6,722,914 6,570,698 1, 842, 546 1,894,287 3,500,847 3,237,796 3, 658, 100 1,021,204 873,271 11,788,999 10,576,934 4,280,742 2,562,620 6,029,516 3,285,001. 1,751,461 1,344,498 47, 656, 456 35,958,422 ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The totals for all industries combined in the area under consideration show a substantial increase in every field presented in the table, and the same general in- crease is shown in the majority of individual indus- tries. Canning and pr(3serving shows the greatest actual increase in value of products, $7,065,125, or 92.3 per cent, and is closely followed by slaughtering and meat packing, with an increase of $6,258,854, or 31 per cent. The largest relative increase is 105 per cent for shipbuilding. Among the important m&astriesr^^ja^£jot.hej shown separately, as to do so would msefose tne opera- tions of individual establishments, are bags, other than paper; beet sugar; cordage and twine; explosives; gas, illuminating and heating; iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills; oil, not elsewhere specified; petroleum, refining; and repair shops of steam-rail- road companies. Los Angeles metropolitan district. — The district com- prises an area of 252,827 acres, of which the city of Los Angeles covers 68,877 acres, and the area of the terri- tory outside of Los Angeles city is 183,950 acres. iAUi>2Cb^e«|^^ted population of Los Angeles metropoli- tan district in 1914 was 568,651; of the city of Los 96 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Angeles, 438,914; and of the area outside the city, 129,737. The population of the Los Angeles metropolitan dis- trict in 1910 was 438,226; of the city of Los Angeles, 319,198; and of the area outside of the city, 119,028. The following is an outlme map of the city of Los Angeles and the territory included in the metropoUtan district: Los Angeles Metropolitan District. The metropolitan district comprises in addition to the city of Los Angeles, the following civil divisions of Los Angeles County, namely, San Gabriel township. Belvedere township, Burbank township, excluding La Canada and Sunland precincts, Cahuenga township. Long Beach city, Los Angeles township, Monrovia city, National Mihtary Home, Pasadena township, includ- ing Pasadena city, but excluding Altadena precinct. San Antonio township, Ballona township, Santa Monica city, Sawtelle city, and South Pasadena town- ship. Summary for the district.— Table 19 is asunmiary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, with a statement of the estimated population in 1914, for the Los Angeles district; for the cities of Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Pasadena; and for the remainder of the district. The percentages which the figures for Los Angeles separately represent of the total for the district are shown in the case of each item. In 1914 the Los Angeles metropolitan district had 2,357 manufacturing establishments which gave em- ployment to an average of 36,215 persons during the year and paid out $29,624,956 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 27,261 were wage earners. These establishments turned out products to the value of $118,799,355, to produce which materials costing $68,206,862 were utilized. The value added by manu- facture was thus $50,592,493. The greater part of the value of the manufactured products of the district was reported by factories within the central city. Los Angeles contained over three-fourths (77.2 per cent) of the population of the district of which it is the manufacturing, commercial and financial center, and contributed seven-eighths (87.1 per cent) of the value of products. Its manu- facturing establishments constituted 81.1 per cent of aU in the district and gave employment to 87.1 per cent of the average number of wage earners. Of the two cities outside of Los Angeles, for which statistics are given separately, Long Beach had the larger value of products, representing 2.5 per cent of of the total for the metropohtan district, with a popu- lation of 4.3 per cent of the total for the district, while on the other hand Pasadena had 7.2 per cent of the total population and only 1.7 per cent of the value of products, due probably to the fact that Pasadena is principally a residential city. The group of townships, or parts of townships and cities not shown separately, with a combined popula- tion equal to 11.3 per cent of the total for the district, contributed 8.8 per cent of the value of the products. Table 19 Population' Number ot establislrments Persons engaged Prporietors and Ann members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Eent and taxes (including internal revenue) Oost or materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost terials). LOS ANGELES METROPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914. The district. 568, 651 2,357 36,218 2,181 6,776 27,261 79,039 5117,598,134 29,624,956 8,735,702 20,889,254 767,747 2,633,074 68,206,862 118,799,355 sLj)f,ma-, , , , , Los Angeles. 438,914 1,911 31,540 1,767 6,029 23,744 64,665 .?101,681,050 26,024,790 7, 747, 713 18,277,077 703, 251 2,286,041 58,940,796 103,457,993 Mkmifsoft®"''^ District exclusive of Los Angeles. Total. Long Beach. Pasadena. Remainder 129, 737 446 4,678 414 747 3,517 14,374 $15,917,084 3,600,166 987,989 2, 612, 177 64,496 347,033 9,266,066 15,341,362 24,437 94 1,128 82 161 885 2,999 S3, 228, 751 805,051 198,980 606,071 19,577 83,026 1,546,106 2,944,888 1,398,782 40,880 118 804 120 148 636 1,782 81,600,714 585,485 156,227 429,258 6,494 62,354 869,402 1,971,891 1,102,489 64,420 234 2,746 212 438 2,096 9,693 $11,087,619 2,209,630 632, 782 1,576,848 38,435 201,653 6,850,558 10,424,583 3,574,026 Per cent Los An- geles IS of total for district. 77.2 81.1 8''.1 81.0 89.0 87.1 81.8 86.5 87.8 88.7 87.5 91.6 86.8 86.4 87.1 88.0 Estimated population July 1, 1914. MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 97 Leading %7idustries. — ^Table 20 gives statistics for 1914 for the industries of the district having products valued at $2,000,000 or more, as far as separate figures can be presented. Of the 13 industries shown separately in the table, slaughtering and meat packing ranked highest in value of products, with 13.7 per cent of the total re- ported for all industries in the district, followed by lumber and timber products with 9 per cent, foundry and machine-shop products with 8.9 per cent, and printing and publishing with 8.7 per cent. Two in- dustries, cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-raOroad companies, and malt liquors, which have products valued at over $2,000,000, are omitted from this table, as these industries were carried on entirely within the corporate Umits of Los Angeles and statistics for them are shown in Table 43. Table 20 L03 ANGELES METROPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Costot materials. Value of products. INDUSTBT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- intend- ents, and man- agers. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Value added by manufac- ture. 2,367 36,218 2,181 6,776 27,261 79,039 $117,598,134 $8,735,702 $20,889,254 $68,206,862 $118,799,355 $50,592,493 Bread and other bakery products 238 39 65 61 98 12 277 9 106 10 14 364 9 1,065 1,828 1,237 1,270 961 759 298 4,043 1,124 2,408 305 192 4,491 1,281 16,031 268 26 71 74 99 1 . 285 ....... 4 11 336 3 932 268 132 143 163 77 111 541. 397 366 72 47 1,766 402 2,312 1,302 1,079 1,056 714 583 186 3,217 727 1,971 229 134 2,400 876 12,787 872 1,069 238 949 372 2,392 7^972 10,786 11,676 2,669 1,368 3,762 2,974 32,050 2,198,191 2,693,097 949,505 2,135,080 1,290,701 3,470,631 9,702,044 27,970,728 10,437,478 1,126,947 2, 172, 834' 8, 443, 416 7,113,629 37,893,963 284,233 175,056 107,420 187,535 93,613 172,415 796,397 476,667 494,006 34,715 82,193 2,212,705 548,456 3,071,291 1,007,445 458,257 589,302 416,084 468,600 145,957 2,736,679 698,069 1,647,773 168,696 135,382 2,163,448 670, 517 9,595,245 3,297,213 2,176,539 1,098,611 1,607,602 1,126,331 4,496,730 4, 974, 460 1,349,673 7, 179, 106 1,590,304 2,648,341 2,991,930 14,682,791 18,989,231 5,847,189 3,647,037 2,287,211 2, 844, 912 2,136,795 5,460,476 10,620,142 4,303,865 10,744,176 2,077,178 3,164,513 10,375,199 16,300,968 38,989,704 2,549,976 1,471,498 Clothing 1,188,600 1,237,310 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 1,011,464 963,746 Foundry and inaclune-shop products 5,645,682 2,954,192 Lumber and timber products'. 3,565,070 486,874 516, 172 Printing and publishing 7,383,269 1, 618, 167 AH other industries * .~ 20,000,473 Character of ownership. — Table 21 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, for the state, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown, and for indi- vidual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, it is neces- sary to omit several important industries from this table. This table shows, for all industries combined, during the decade, a steady increase in all classes of estab- hshments, the increase in the number under individual and corporate ownership being about 50 per cent in each case. Although the number of estabhshments under corporate ownership is greatly exceeded by those under individual ownership, in value of products and average number they greatly predominate. For 1914, with but 28.5 per cent of the total number of estab- hshments in the state, corporations reported 83.1 per cent of the total value of products and 80.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions varied but httle. The proportions of the total average number 82101°— 18 7 ^. .,. Digitized by of wage earners and y^lue of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. The number of establishments under individual con- trol for aU industries combined in 1914 exceeds the sum of those under corporation and "ah others." Their proportion of value of products, however, was less than that for "ah others" alone, while the pro- portion of average number of wage earners is only shghtly in excess. Estabhshments under corporate ownership reported more than one-half of the total value of products for each industry shown separately in the table, with the exception of the bakery and confectionery industries; while six industries, cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-raOroad companies, petro- leum refining, malt hquors, flour-mill and gristmill products, lumber and timber products, and ship- building, show over 90 per cent of the total value of products in each industry as reported by corporations. The condition in the cities, with the exception of Po- mona and Redlands, where the proportion of value of products and average number of wage earners under corporate ownership is much less than 50 per cent, is practically the same as in the state. Microsoft® 98 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 21 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS - IND03TBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 5,089 3,516 3,376 2,866 2,459 1,917 2,102 1,684 1,547 139,481 115,296 100,355 15,121 12, 764 15,257 112,830 92,757 74,284 11,630 9,776 10,814 10.8 11.1 15.2 80.9 80.4 74.0 8.3 8.5 10.8 $712,800,764 529, 760, 528 367,218,494 $59, 557, 270 49,969,696 47,300,887 $592,098,066 439,064,967 280, 742, 589 $61,145,428 40,725.966 39,175,018 8.4 9.4 12.9 a3.1 82.9 76.5 8.6 7.7 10.7 Bread and other bakery products. 821 624 74 60 222 190 4,851 4,018 1,886 1,633 2,037 1,430 928 955 38.9 40.6 42.0 35.6 19.1 23.8 21,855,181 17,709,633 8,904,905 7,526,828 8,633,987 6,076,815 4,316,289 4,105,990 40.7 42.5 39.5 34.3 19.7 23.2 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 68 52 69 55 64 54 1,044 697 163 155 665 313 216 129 15.6 26.0 63.7 52.4 20.7 21.6 20,466,428 12,760,670 2,453,843 2,263,798 12,675,034 7,356,944 5,337,551 3,139,928 12.0 17.7 61.9 57.7 26.1 24.6 Canning and preserving. . 1914 1909 66 43 165 118 58 35 12,766 7,767 712 678 11,211 6,787 833 392 5.6 7.5 87.9 87.5 6.5 6.0 61,162,849 32,914,829 2,594,241 1,660,264 54,168,399 29,651,967 4,400,209 1,702,598 4.2 5.0 88.6 89.8 7.2 5.2 Cars and general shop constructioji and repairs by .steam-raihoad com- panies. 1914 1909 39 42 11,563 9,342 11,563 9,342 100.0 100.0 17,199,717 18,718,805 17,199,717 18,718,805 100.0 100.0 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 50 29 25 21 21 24 2,468 2,386 388 164 1,686 1,662 394 559 15.7 6.9 68.3 69.7 16.0 23.4 5,563,611 5,120,509 970,822 380,068 3,631,855 3,553,294 960,834 1,187,147 17.4 7.4 65.3 69.4 17.3 23.2 Coflfee and spice, roasting and grinduig. 1914 1909 13 12 23 25 7 7 464 352 57 51 293 202 114 99 12.3 14.5 63.1 57.4 24.6 28.1 9,584,459 6,492,091 950,970 454,349 6,490,171 3, 815, 428 2,143,318 2,222,314 9.9 7.0 67.7 58.8 22.4 34.2 1914 1909 71 44 25 20 28 25 1,839 1,002 375 232 745 538 719 232 20.4 23.2 40.5 53.7 39.1 23.2 5,863,570 3,624,045 988,787 826,215 2,692,045 1,923,811 2,182,738 874,019 16.9 22.8 45.9 53.1 37.2 24.1 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 31 33 79 70 22 22 1,067 948 50 109 989 786 28 63 4.7 11.5 92.7 82.9 2.6 5.6 24,078,735 25, 188, 133 1,302,460 2,471,416 22,004,744 21,762,323 771,531 964,394 5.4 9.8 91.4 86.4 3.2 3; 8 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 71 44 55 36 65 49 938 716 278 165 456 392 204 159 29.6 23.0 48.6 54.7 21.8 22.2 8, 010, 713 5,508,097 1,171,219 596,491 5,642,364 3,361,175 1, 197, 130 1,560,431 14.6 10.8 70.4 61.0 14.9 28.1 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 634 207 269 218 294 118 9,747 8,377 1,791 995 6,865 6,688 1,091 694 18.4 11.9 70.4 79.8 11.2 8.3 31,732,384 26,730,891 4,730,028 2,794,226 23, 461, 133 21,919,218 3,541,223 2,017,447 14.9 10.5 73.9 82.0 11.2 7.5 Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. 1914 1909 21 11 19 21 16 9 463 553 65 69 362 476 46 18 14.0 10.7 76.0 86.1 9.9 3.2 1,553,630 1,714,683 188,841 205,728 1,213,416 1,431,990 151,373 76,965 12.1 12.0 78.1 83.5 9.7 4.5 Leather, tanned, curried, 1914 1909 2 9 21 26 6 5 1,361 1,398 '"ioi 1,192 1,189 1169 108 ■"■7.2 87.6 85.1 12.4 7.7 10,020,739 9,366,545 8,610,506 8,011,230 11,410,233 692,818 "V.i 85.9 a5.5 14.1 and finished. 662,497 7.4 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 22 34 42 44 5 5 1,512 1,296 74 92 1,434 1,193 4 11 4.9 7.1 94.8 92.1 0.3 0.8 12,460,478 9,319,041 226, 726 471,784 12,165,797 8,761,739 67,956 85,518 1.8 5.1 97.6 94.0 0.S 0.9 Tjiqnors, vinnns. 1914 1909 109 86 60 69 33 27 1,602 1,287 303 232 1,149 946 160 109 18.9 18.0 71.7 73.5 9.4 8.5 11,299,868 8,936,848 1,236,229 1,245,037 9,149,956 6,965,478 913,673 726,333 10.9 13.9 81.0 77.9 8.1 8.1 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 226 199 283 295 ■123 150 22,438 22,936 1,156 1,412 20,626 20,399 656 1,124 5.2 6.2 91.9 88.9 2.9 4.9 52,860,272 45,000,276 3,105,080 3,453,706 48,013,107 38,497,696 1,742.085 3,048,874 5.9 7.7 90.8 85.5 3.3 6.8 Petroleum, refining 1914 1909 2 32 27 4 2 1,930 930 1,907 2 9.30 123 98.8 100.0 1.2 55,527,651 17,878,006 54,917,623 2 17,878,006 23,699,866 15,871,046 1610,028 98.9 100.0 1.1 Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 895 709 346 296 302 235 8,759 7,556 2,084 1,885 5,541 4,874 1,134 797 23.8 24.9 63.3 64.5 12.9 10.6 34,774,879 25,031,877 7,177,627 6,762,762 3,897,497 2,398,070 20.6 27.0 68.2 63.4 11.2 9.6 Shipbuilding,' including boat bulldmg. 1914 1909 28 19 17 14 7 10 3,457 1,844 203 80 3,171 1,686 83 78 5.9 4.3 91.7 91.4 2.4 4.2 8,104,033 4, 132, 176 550,871 242,994 7,3.50,730 3,665,652 202,432 223,530 6.8 5.9 90.7 88.7 2.5 5.4 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 35 33 38 27 35 34 2,220 1,641 222 155 1,811 1,316 187 171 10.0 9.4 81.6 80.1 8.4 10.4 60,011,820 34,280,003 6,318,512 4,276,592 37,791,080 25,558,569 5,902,228 4,444,8.52 12.6 12.5 76.6 74.6 U.8 13.0 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 3,335 1,881 1,421 86,296 10,894 66,616 8,785 12.6 77.2 10.2 390,238,121 41,799,619 301,711,262 46,727,240 10.7 77.3 12.0 Almeda 23 21 45 34 48 17 21 35 17 44 12 9 16 6 . 26 1,0S7 894 1,328 799 2,903 886 23,744 7,706 536 101 90 98 75 158 968 763 1,174 6S6 2,588 612 18,029 6,410 270 18 41 56 38 157 9.2 10.1 7.4 9.4 5.4 89.1 85.3 88.4 86.9 89.1 1.7 4.6 4.2 4.7 5.4 2,786,176 2,928,373 7,321,044 2,480,374 16, 520, 109 2,944,888 103, 4.57, 993 28, 521, 828 1,971,891 248,891 278, 870 417,092 200,926 626,987 634,653 10,675,196 3,069,939 572,273 374,694 273,852 494,808 2,180,829 640,340 2,599,498 15,706,834 1,035,741 142,744 236,616 1,643,344 145,693 2,463,395 2,461,362 6, 619, .531 2,187,063 14,323,775 2,174,780 84,576,912 23,665,642 1,126,282 307,477 220,586 1,706,246 12, 550, 286 1,899,114 4,655,562 118,763,820 8,670,713 546,436 802, 133 9,169,224 2,830,923 73,890 188,141 284,421 92,386 1,669,347 235,455 8,305,885 1,786,247 273,336 142,929 27, 133 106, 172 1,651,556 73,215 1,765,835 27,839,141 1,099,663 154,493 281,778 580, 915 96,303 8.9 9.5 5.7 8.1 3 2 88.4 84.0 90.4 88.2 86.7 73.8 81.8 83.0 57.1 37.3 42.3 74.0 76.6 72.7 51.6 73.2 80.2 64.8 60.7 -81.2 92.2 2.7 Bakersfield . . 6 4 3.9 Eureka 3 7 Fresno 10 1 Long Beach 1914 1914 1914 1914 52 954 324 67 27 579 153 25 15 378 96 26 201 3,181 881 183 72 2,534 415 83 22.7 13.4 11.4 34.1 69.2 75.9 83.2 60.4 8.1 10.7 6.4 16 5 18.2 10.2 10.8 29.0 45.4 52.5 21.4 13.3 24.5 28.8 9.7 9.6 16.9 17.9 13.7 4.7 8 Oakland 6 2 1914 1914 1914 1914 35 14 46 118 5 9 14 51 14 5 10 67 322 107 838 5,334 140 47 151 894 112 45 680 4,568 70 15 27 372 43.5 43.9 18.0 7.4 34.8 42.1 78.8 85.6 21.7 14.0 3.2 70 825,000 521,671 2, 307, 226 16,382,670 Redlands 5 2 Sacramento 10 1 San Bernardino 1914 1914 1914 1914 31 129 1,108 125 13 72 669 55 10 56 557 46 1,077 2,060 31,758 2,029 85 427 3,929 248 966 1,145 23,840 1,657 26 488 3,989 124 7.9 20.7 12.4 12.2 89.7 55.6 76.1 81.7 2.4 23.7 12.5 fi 1 2,612,669 9,020,896 162,299,795 10, 806, 117 2.8 19.6 17 1 San Francisco San Jose 10.2 18.3 21.3 5.1 3.1 Santa Barbara 1914 1914 1914 1914 22 41 87 12 14 16 37 9 11 23 33 276 401 1,919 292 47 63 335 60 182 266 1,461 214 47 72 123 18 17.0 15.7 17.5 20.5 65.9 66.3 76.1 73.3 17.0 18.0 6.4 6.2 843,673 1,320,427 11,293,483 3,071,919 Stockton 1 Includes the group "individuals." 2 Includes the group "all others.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 99 Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufaC' turing to become concentrated in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 22. Table 20 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NXJMBEK OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 10,057 7,659 6,839 139, 481 115,296 100,355 2,242 10,574 25,111 47,912 14,516 $712, 800, 764 $529,760,528 $367,218,494 $265,326,233 $204,522,454 $151,492,080 Less than 15,000 3,361 3,622 2,049 909 116 2,169 2,785 1,867 767 71 2,088 2,507 1,615 598 31 2,838 12, 178 25,873 60,183 38,409 2,067 10,279 24,913 53,128 24,909 8,583,621 36,957,351 89,914,735 253,987,768 323,357,289 5, 610,' 748 29,208,047 82,114,420 210,723,384 202,103,929 5,306,470 26,190,138 72,176,276 158,273,161 105,272,449 6,913,431 22,332,083 44,955,345 100,288,816 91,836,558 3,795,464 17,546,524 40,743,591 86,922,761 55,514,114 3,634,462 15,902,855 37,594,307 69,162,483 25,197,973 J5,000 to 120,000... t20,000 to $100,000 . . 1100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PER CENT mSTEIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 33.4 36.0 20.4 9.0 1.2 28.3 36.4 24.4 10.0 0.9 30.5 36.7 23.6 8.7 0.5 2.0 8.7 18.5 43.2 27.5 1.8 8.9 21.6 46.1 21.6 2.2 10.5 25.0 47.7 14.5 1.2 5.2 12.6 35.6 45.4 1.1 5.5 15.5 39.8 38.2 1.4 7.1 19.7 43.1 28.7 2.2 8.4 16.9 37.8 34.6 1.9 8.6 19.9 42.5 27.1 2.4 10.5 24.8 45.7 16.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 . $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over This table shows that of the 10,057 manufacturing estabUshments in the state in 1914 only 116, or 1.2 per cent, had a value of products exceeding $1,000,000. These estabhshments, however, employed an average of 38,409 wage earners, or 27.5 per cent of the total number in all estabhshments, and reported 45.4 per cent of the total value of products and 34.6 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. On the other hand, the very small establishments — that is, those having products valued at less than $5,000 — constituted a considerable proportion (33.4 per cent) of the total nimiber of establishments, but the value of their products amounted to only 1.2 per cent of the total. The bulk of the manufacturing was done in establishments having products valued at not less than $100,000. During the five-year periods from 1909 to 1914 and 1904 to 1909 there was a considerable increase in the relative importance, as measured by value of products, of the largest establishments — those reporting prod- ucts of not less than $1,000,000 in value — and a de- crease in that of the remaining classes, with the excep- tion in 1914 of the group less than $5,000, which showed a sUght iacrease, only one-tenth of 1 per cent, over 1909. The fact that between 1904 and 1914 the average value of products per . establishment increased from $53,695 to $70,876, and the value added by manu- facture from $22,151 to $26,382, can not be taken as in itself indicating a tendency toward concentration. The increased values shown may be, and probably are, due in part at least to the general rise that has taken place in the prices of commodities. The average number of wage earners per establishment was 15 both in 1909 and in 1904, but only 14 in 1914. .Table 23 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 16 of the more important industries, a classification of establish- - ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture similar to that presented in Table 22 for all industries combined. Table 23 IKDUSTRT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 1909 Bread and. other bak ery products 1,117 Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100 jOOO.. $100,000 and over.. Butter, cheese, condensed milk. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over i. Canning and preserving. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. tl^XlO.OOOand over... 270 622 203 22 201 31 62 66 118 12 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 224 466 163 121 161 ~l7 196 100.0 24.2 55.7 18.2 2.0 100.0 12.9 19.4 27.9 100.0 10.7 21.5 22.8 40.8 4.2 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 100.0 25.9 52.8 18.9 2.4 100.0 10.6 21.7 21.1 100.0 9.2 17.3 29.6 1909 4,851 121 1,383 1,778 1,569 1,044 is" 44 254 731 12,756 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 4,018 119 1,038 1,395 1,466 597 39 185 365 7,757 55 402 1,379 31 189 1,188 100.0 2.5 28.5 36.7 32.3 100.0 1.4 4.2 24.3 70.0 100.0 0.4 3.2 ,10.8 100.0 3.0 25.8 34.7 36.5 100.0 100.0 > Includes the group 0.4 2.4 16. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $21,856,181 $17,709,633 814, 965 6,380,836 8,009,682 20,466,428 1909 73, 445 468,384 3,942,400 15,982,199 61,162,849 76,022 692, 065 3, 330, 330 mm^ '$1,000,000 and over. 648,234 4,761,929 6,119,284 6,1^,186 12,760,670 69,438 426, 101 3,475,950 8,800,181 32,914,829 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 3.7 29.2 36.6 30.4 100.0 0.4 2.3 19.3 78.0 100.0 0.1 1.1 5.4 62.8 30.5 100.0 3.7 26.9 34.6 34.9 100.0 0.5 3.3 27.2 69.0 100.0 0.2 1.1 9.7 68.7 20.3 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $9,618,996 392,366 2,932,365 3,347,146 2,947,120 2,492,007 23,760 91,241 564, 910 1,812,096 15,468,612 35,414 287,541 1,136,394 10, 187, 689 3,821,474 1909 $7,332,268 302,401 2, 104, 134 2,503,133 2,422,600 1,620,970 13,663 79,942 481,903 1,046,462 8,906,607 23, 657 169, 354 1,183,516 6,138,032 1,391,049 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 TI 30.5 34.8 30.6 100.0 1.0 3.7 22.7 72.7 100.0 0.2 1.9 7.3 65.9 24.7 100.0 4.1 28.7 34.1 33.0 100 0.8 4.9 29.7 64.5 100.0 0.3 1.9 13.3 68.9 15.6 100 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 33— Continued. INDUSTET AND VALITE OF PEOnUCT. Clothing, men's, incltjd- ing shikts Less than $5,000 15,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 8100,000 to $1,000,000 Coffee and spice, boast- ing AND GP-INDING Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over CONFECTIONEKY Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 and over FLOira-MILL AND GRIST- MILL PEODUCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Food preparations I^fissthan $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 FOTJNDRT AND MiCHINE- SHOP PRODUCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over i Gas, ILLUMINATING AND HEATING Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over • Liquors, malt Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Liquors, vinous Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' Lumber and timber products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Printing and publishdtg Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Shipbuilding, including BOAT building Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Slaughtering and meat PACKING Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over NUMBER OF E3TABU3H- MENT3. 1914 43 3 7 10 14 3 124 30 51 26 117 132 ~4 38 55 35 181 1,097 446 205 63 632 170 195 157 100 10 1,543 729 558 52 108 1909 74 12 17 116 125 5 24 46 50 129 31 46 39 13 543 113 220 164 56 181 137 190 215 98 4 1,240 451 164 41 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 27.1 31.2 28.1 13.5 100.0 7.0 16.3 37.2 32.6 7.0 100.0 24.2 41.1 21.0 13.7 100.0 3.0 41.7 26.5 100.0 27.6 37.0 22.7 12.7 100.0 34.9 40.7 18.7 6.7 100.0 4.5 21.2 54.5 19.7 100.0 16.2 35.1 29.7 18.9 100.0 27.3 38.6 34.1 100.0 13.5 46.1 29.2 11.2 100.0 4.0 19.2 40.0 100.0 24.0 19.8 39.1 37.4 100.0 20.8 40.5 28.4 10.3 100.0 8.1 35.1 44.6 12.2 100.0 100.0 18.8 18.8 21.8 24.1 21.7 22.9 31.3 100.0 100.0 29.7 37.6 22.3 10.4 100.0 26.9 30.9 24.8 15.8 1.6 100.0 47.2 36.2 13.5 3.1 100.0 26.9 25.0 34.6 13.5 100.0 9.3 11.1 33.3 34.3 12. Q 10.5 41.4 38.1 9.9 100.0 21.3 29.5 33.4 15.2 0.6 100.0 47.1 36.4 13.2 3.3 100.0 30.2 18.6 39.5 11.6 100.0 4.3 14.9 36.2 35.1 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EABNEBS. 1914 2,468 65 207 378 1,818 24 213 334 1,067 2 46 159 938 197 288 414 9,747 1,642 2,849 4,860 2,317 4 35 333 1,945 1,512 10 29 136 957 1,602 46 196 335 22,438 256 792 2,705 12, 748 5,937 8,769 522 1,841 2,813 3,583 3,457 58 278 3,101 6 18 109 366 1909 2,385 20 191 427 1,747 352 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 2.6 8.4 15.3 73.7 100.0 24 67 261 1,002 100.0 7 139 361 495 1.3 11.6 18.2 69.0 948 100.0 7. 37 107 797 716 26 142 8,377 127 998 2,302 4,950 1,666 7 86 324 16 60 183 1,047 1,287 14 216 390 667 22,935 210 954 4,096 13,684 3,991 7,556 610 1,632 2,466 3,049 1,844 10 35 296 1,603 ^EML 0.2 4.3 14.9 80.6 100.0 4.2 21.0 30.7 44.1 100.0 4.1 16.8 29.2 49.9 100.0 0.2 1.5 14.4 83.9 100.0 0.7 1.9 9.0 63.3 25.1 100.0 2.8 12.2 20.9 64.1 100.0 1.1 3.5 12.1 56.8 26.5 100.0 6.0 21.0 32.1 40.9 100.0 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 0.6 1.7 8.0 89.7 0.3 0.8 4.9 16.5 100.0 0.8 8.0 17.9 73.2 100.0 6.8 19.0 74.2 100.0 0.7 13.9 36.0 49.4 100.0 0.7 3.9 11.3 84.1 100.0 3.6 19.8 39.1 37.4 100.0 1.6 11.9 27.5 59.1 100.0 0.4 5.2 19.4 75.0 100.0 1.2 3.9 14.1 100.0 1.1 16.8 30.3 51.8 100.0 0.9 4.2 17.9 59.7 17.4 100.0 6.7 20.3 32.6 40.4 100.0 0.5 1.9 16.1 81.5 100. mdm VALUE OF PEODUCT3. 1914 $5,563,511 73,471 290,275 1,179,438 4,020,327 9,584,459 11,609 81, 739 870,620 3,701,424 4,919,067 5,863,570 76,183 610,682 1,006,297 4,170,408 24,078,735 471, 142 2,616,824 20,981,374 8,010,713 110,333 714,486 2,075,208 5,110,686 31,732,384 1,075,745 4,285,126 8,322,273 18,049,240 13,678,367 10, 173 146,740 1,663,514 11,758,940 12,460,478 39,705 117,102 672,163 7,948,440 3,683,078 11, 299, 868 150,683 861,514 1,798,645 8,489,116 52,860,272 424,446 2,069,017 7,536,233 28,714,222 14,117,364 34,774,879 1,852,866 5,636,344 8,686,124 18,599,545 8,104,033 42, 516 149,843 816,733 7,096,942 50,011,820 1909 $5,120,509 28,564 270,318 924,998 3,896,629 6,492,091 146,370 724,338 5,621,383 3,624,045 37,188 404,773 1,410,289 1,771,795 25, 188, 133 18,973 297, 193 1,980,546 22,891,421 5,508,097 73,436 471,090 1,741,154 3,222,417 26,730,891 303,583 2,392,406 6,859,949 17,174,953 8,926,644 20,025 358,955 1,341,615 7,205,949 9,319,041 47,023 202,988 1,094,025 7,975,005 8,936,848 47,618 820,277 2,905,549 5,163,404 46,000,276 362,918 2,091,127 9,894,778 27,693,341 4,958,112 25,031,877 1,491,046 4,420,462' 6,072,722 12,447,647 4,132,176 33,707 90,315 688,649 3,319,505 34,280,003 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 1.3 6.2 2L2 72.3 100.0 0.1 0.9 9.1 38.6 51.3 100.0 1.3 10.4 17.2 71.1 100.0 m 2.0 10.9 87.1 100.0 1.4 8.9 25.9 63.8 100.0 3.4 13.5 26.2 56.9 100.0 0.1 1.1 12.3 86.6 100.0 0.3 0.9 5.4 63.8 29.6 100.0 1.3 7.6 16.9 76.1 100.0 0.8 3.9 14.3 54.3 26.7 100.0 ~5^ 16.2 25.0 53.5 100.0 "575 1.8 10.1 87.6 100.0 100.0 0.6 5.3 18.1 76.1 100.0 2.3 11.2 100.0 1.0 11.2 38.9 48.9 100.0 0.1 L2 7.9 90.9 lOO.O 1.3 8.6 31.6 58.5 100.0 1.1 8.9 25.7 64.3 100.0 0.2 4.0 15.0 80.7 100.0 VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTUBB. 1914 $2,607,954 56, 795 229,396 657, 112 1,764,651 2,125,041 3,999 26,410 266,214 902,949 925,469 2,603,624 43,370 320,084 517,689 1,722,481 4,574,961 1,327 87,607 418,319 4,067,708 1,952,860 62,314 311,018 531,925 1,047,603 17,450,083 0.5 2.2 11.7 85.6 100.0 0.5 9.2 32.5 57.8 100.0 0.8 4.6 22.0 61.6 11.0 100.0 "eTo 17.7 26.7 49.7 100.0 0.8 2.2 16.7 829, 715 3,053,024 4,801,277 8,766,067 10,156,296 6,045 96, 816 1,199,359 8,855,076 8,680,137 27,075 74,263 443,836 5,276,954 2,859,019 4,471,116 77,824 389,892 715,431 3,287,969 27, 238, 194 288,348 1,183,767 3,817,499 14,990,265 6,958,315 26,065,995 1,509,082 4,480,255 6,438,797 12,637,861 4,617,449 32,083 91, 694 487, 149 4,006,623 8,710,412 12,206 44,043 305,312 1,397,805 6,951,046 1909 $2,225,613 1,874,927 64,509 247,184 1,573,234 1,485.598 16,727 209,373 597,316 662,182 3,296,182 4,793 56,086 293,421 2,941,882 1,537,799 39, 433 235,943 543,499 718,924 13,830,000 201,046 1,561,666 3,903,122 8,164,166 6,322,715 12,245 218,342 866,592 5,225,536 6,759,660 31,471 144,080 761,344 5, 822) 666 4,262,907 25,417 409,624 1,204,476 2,623,490 26,631,376 270,499 1,310,856 6,359,712 16, 180, 124 3, 610, 185 18,704,574 1,202,496 3,626,771 5,026,255 8,949,062 2,895,127 22,206 51,550 423,542 2,397,829 5,831,946 4,824 68,781 343,754 1,431,046 3,983,541 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 2.2 8.8 21.4 67.7 100.0 0.2 1.2 12.5 42. S 43.5 100.0 1.7 12.3 19.9 66.1 100.0 1.9 9.1 100.0 3.2 15.9 27.2 53.6 100.0 4.8 17.5 27.6 50.2 100.0 0.1 0.9 11.8 87.2 100.0 0.3 6.9 5.1 60.8 32.9 100.0 1.7 8.7 16.0 73.5 100.0 100.0 1.1 4.3 14.0 55.0 25.5 100.0 To" 17.9 25.7 50.4 100.0 0.7 2.0 10.5 100.0 0.1 0.5 3.5 16.0 79.8 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 101 For 1914, as compared with 1909, and as in the totals for all industries combined, this table shows, for 12 of the 16 industries, an iucrease in the larger estab- lishments — that is, in those having a product of more than $100,000, ia the proportion of both the average number of wage earners and the value of products. The exceptions are bread and bakery products, men's clothing, flour mills and gristmills, and foundry and machine-shop products. The table shows further that when the size of estab- hshments is measm-ed by the average value of products per establishment, the bakery industry and printing and publishiug are conducted chiefly in rather small establishments, while the canning and preserving, flour-mill and gristmill, brewery, shipbuilding, and slaughtering and meat-packing industries are con- ducted mainly in comparatively large establish- ments. Table 24 presents, for 1914, for aU industries com- bined iu each of the 21 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 22 for the state as a whole. Table 24 •i Is ■2 .a 1 WAGE EARNERS. VALtTE op PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. "a- WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of. total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age nom- ber. Per cent of totaL Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Alameda 52 1,087 100.0 $2,786,176 100.0 $1,783,425 100.0 28 107 100.0 $521,571 100.0 $307,047 100.0 Less than $5,000 Less than $5,000 20 17 8 7 51 7 56 126 898 894 0.6 5.2 11.6 82.6 100.0 46,944 189,548 304,867 2,244,817 2,928,373 1.7 6.8 10.9 80.6 100.0 26,410 99,052 168,366 1,489,597 1,305,199 1.5 5.6 9.4 83.5 100.0 11 9 8 69 10 27 70 838 9.3 25.2 65.4 100.0 20,840 62,984 437,747 2,307,226 4.0 12.1 83.9 100.0 13,222 41,609 252,216 1,214,148 4.3 J5,000 to $20,000 S5 000 to S20 000 13.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $20,000 and over 2 Riverside 82.1 100.0 25 29 15 236 23 92 723 5,334 2.7 11.0 86.3 100.0 67,766 290, 193 1,949,267 16,382,670 2.9 12.6 84.5 100.0 45,750 171,244 997,154 7,332,766 3.8 14.1 Loss than $5,000 8 21 16 6 95 6 85 170 633 0.7 9.5 19.0 70.8 18,813 222,510 772,210 1,914,840 7,321,044 0.6 7.6 26.4 65.4 100.0 12,923 , 154,552 385,016 752,708 2,552,251 1.0 11.8 29.5 57.7 100.0 $5 000 to S20 000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 and over ! Sacramento Less than $5,000 82 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 100.0 Bebkeley 1,328 100.0 75 80 60 21 54 63 244 674 4,353 1,077 1.2 4.6 12.6 81.6 100.0 201,003 795, 658 2,560,429 12,825,580 2,612,669 1.2 4.9 15.6 78.3 100.0 132,637 459,866 1,258,394 5,481,869 1,192,344 1.8 6:3 17.2 74.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 24 28 22 21 57 16 76 205 1,031 799 1.2 5.7 15.4 77.6 100.0 63,191 277,464 865,493 6,114,896 2,480,374 0.9 3.8 11.8 83.5 100.0 43,405 170,761 464,797 1,873,288 1,262,897 1.7 6.7 18.2 73.4 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 San Bernardino. $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i EUEEKA 18 21 15 257 8 69 1,000 2,060 0.7 6.4 92.9 100.0 41,407 196,947 2,374,315 9,020,895 1.6 7.5 90.9 100.0 29,075 118,200 1,045,069 4,438,915 919 87.6 Less than $5,000 22 18 9 8 117 21 75 90 613 2,903 2.6 9.4 11.3 76.7 100.0 57,498 190,785 327,873 1,904,218 16,520,109 2.3 7.7 13.2 76.8 100.0 41,071 99,007 200,212 922,607 4,348,635 3.2 7.8 15.9 73.1 100.0 $20,000 and over 3. San Diego $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,00i) to $1,000,000..... 100.0 89 93 53 22 2,334 89 366 707 898 31,758 4.3 17.8 34.3 43.6 100.0 236,282 926,905 2,260,828 5,596,880 162,299,795 2.6 10.3 25.1 62.0 100.0 159, 096 575,109 1,088,157 2,616,663 65,259,417 3.6 13.0 24.5 68.9 Fbesno . $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 San Francisco.. . Less than $5,000 Less than $5,000 26 41 29 17 4 94 13 183 342 1,027 1,338 885 0.4 6.3 11.8 35.4 46.1 100.0 69,817 446,575 -1,423,025 6,959,091 7,621,601 2,944,888 0.4 2.7 8.6 42.1 46.1 100.0 46,992 290,632 739,880 1,843,144 1,427,987 1,398,782 1.1 6.7 17.0 42.4 32.8 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 100.0 632 830 605 237 30 225 493 2,8^8 7,488 13,661 7,368 2,029 1.6 9.0 23.6 42.7 23.2 100.0 1,645,270 8,735,399 26,513,383 64,067,171 61,338,572 10, 806, 117 1.0 5.4 16.3 39.5 37.8 lOO.O 1,161,884 5,593,623 14,179,964 25,697,121 18,626,825 3,660,504 1.8 $5,000 to $20,000 8.6 Long Beach $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over San Jose 21.7 39.4 28.6 34 34 19 7 1,911 38 119 294 434 23,744 4.3 13.4 33.2 49.0 100.0 90,962 373,195 901,169 1,579,562 103,457,993 3.1 12.7 30.6 53.6 100.0 58,646 202,529 484,869 652,738 44,517,197 4.1 14.5 34.7 46.7 100:0 t5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 100.0 Less than $5,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 92 73 38 22 47 62 214 353 1,400 276 3.1 10.5 17.4 69.0 100.0 233,909 729,663 1,680,433 8,162,112 843,673 2.2 6.8 15.6 75.5 100.0 169,981 462, 646 760,669 2,277,308 511,377 4.6 Los Angeles. $5,000 to $20,000 12.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Santa Barbara . . 20.8 Less than $5,000 624 734 386 148 19 573 461 2,641 5,445 10,254 4,943 7,706 1.9 11.1 22.9 43.2 20.8 100.0 1,546,486 7,723,031 16,974,493 39,343,787 37,870,196 28,521,828 1.5 7.5 16.4 38.0 36.6 100.0 1,058,858 4,786,663 8,879,869 17,273,526 12,518,281 13,522,568 2.4 10.8 19.9 38.8 28.1 100.0 62.2 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 100.0 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 14 17 16 79 11 58 207 401 4.0 21.0 75.0 100.0 34,880 185,254 623,539 1,320,427 4.1 22.0 73.9 100.0 23,452 110,675 377,260 575,580 4.6 $5 000 to $20,000 21.6 Oakland $20,000 to $100,000 Santa Cruz: T.p. n 63,046 183, 272 578,682 7.6 22.3 70.1 43,662 130,618 326,212 8.7 26.1 65.2 4: 16 9 3 67 222 1.0 22.9 76.0 7,850 188, 242 2,875,827 0.3 6.1 93.6 5,161 116,409 905,437 0.6 S5 000 to S20 000 $5,000 to $20,000 11.2 $20,000 and over 2 225 69. 9| $20,000 and over i 88.2 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' 2 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000.' » Includes the groups "$100,000 to $1,000,000" and "$1,000,000 and over." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 102 MANUFACTURES -CALIFORNIA. The totals for each of the cities, with the exception of Pasadena, Santa Barbara, and Santa Cruz show the same general condition found in the state — a pre- ponderance as to value of products for establishments in the group $100,000 and over. The cities showing establishments in the group $1,000,000 and over rank as to the proportion of products in this group as fol- lows: Fresno, 46.1 per cent; San Francisco, 37.8 per cent; Los Angeles, 36.6 per cent; and Oakland, 27.5 per cent of the total product in each city. The large percentage in Fresno is due to the canning and pre- serving industry, which is the most important industry in that city. Table 25 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 31 of the more impor- tant industries, and for each of the 21 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 26 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 25, and for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined, and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 25 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No Estab- lish- ments. 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries Agricultiu^l implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk CaJQning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . Cement Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery ElectricaLmachinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All other industries Total tor cities : Alameda Bakebsfield Bebeeley EmtEKA Fbesno Long Beach Los Angeles Oakland Pasadena Pomona Redlands ; ErVEBSIDE Sacbamento San Bebnaedino San Dlego San Fkancisco San Jose Santa Babbaba Santa Cbuz Stockton Vallejo 10,057 23 1,117 85 201 289 27 39 7 124 29 132 181 1,097 162 66 95 7 29 69 202 632 143 52 108 363 6,637 61 95 57 117 94 1,911 573 118 54 28 69 236 54 257 2,334 225 47 79 157 139, 481 5,458 12,291 20,644 704 731 753 4,851 2,571 1,044 12,756 2,086 11,663 2,420 2,468 1,060 1,839 780 1,067 9,747 1,620 2,317 1,139 1,244 1,361 1,512 1,602 22,438 1,294 1,930 8,759 3,457 2,220 1,507 29,703 86,295 1,087 894 1,328 799 2,903 885 23,744 7,706 536 322 107 838 5,334 1,077 2,060 31,758 2,029 276 401 1,919 292 202 4 505 2 135 434 21 55 3 739 20 127 64 7 2 40 28 66 11 90 106 690 90 28 42 1 3 22 143 325 91 10 712 57 191 1,650 3,355 24 23 48 52 974 35 17 47 123 32 140 ,100 43 126 11 1,618 53 274 183 25 3 29 8 143 25 41 80 7 7 117 1,353 299 423 994 90 110 90 178 30 192 254 1,617 211 74 4 7 57 245 801 192 31 1,604 64 145 344 3,602 64 44 127 60 131 113 2,304 663 162 70 32 HI 287 79 338 2,697 61 204 41 33 39 25 11 19 35 218 42 24 IS 134 15 19 27 557 1,430 20 12 15 31 19 396 111 26 8 53 10 63 565 27 13 13 29 10 364 449 247 107 191 395 2,347 468 127 218 412 1,527 136 212 2,439 190 309 271 5,881 15,363 W 212 136 138 356 190 4,313 1,166 252 67 75 81 635 106 575 6,212 153 126 259 .112 12 7 8 1 6 12 5 62 7 7 60 4 7 5 145 446 4 2 15 2 11 7 133 24 3 20 181 12 19,136 54 106 241 680 773 !,010 194 157 245 307 517 65 261 406 224 34 190 417 185 2,039 245 224 1,849 137 204 122 4,651 14,047 117 61 484 63 214 4,159 796 122 56 85 393 661 6,739 351 62 50 285 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES-CALIFORNIA. 103 Table 25— Contiaued. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITY. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 600 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- men1^. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. .Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries 226 16,163 171 25,529 60 21,353 22 15,503 6 8,862 1 1 2 8 8 58 60 171 564 610 1 502 1 2 4 4 1 27 1 7 2 3 130 213 636 518 104 4,295 156 . 1,012 353 609 1 318, 39 3 3 1 5 3 4 2,819 197 178 71 398 214 309 3 2 7 2 2 882 868 2,601 687 742 2 1 5 2 1,573 656 3,999 1,309 Cars an^ general shop construction and repairs by electric-raliroad companies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 2 3,510 dnthinpj wnmf^Ti's Confectionery 2 2 2 228 262 262 1 1 360 326 2 171 Pood preparations, not elsewhere specified 27 2 2 2 1,909 128 155 136 9 1 1 1 3 3 4 2 29 2 1,254 106 101 229 479 612 493 333 4,418 304 1 1 3 254 301 930 1 563 1 601 2 727 8 5 1 29 5 525 327 62 2,095 417 1 17 375 6,387 Lumber and timber products 4 3,019 2 2,152 Marble and stone work. 1 1 2 2 1 9 30 262 323 666 881 257 3,206 10,275 1 1,201 Printing R^id pnWishiTig 11 1 2 1 50 146 818 98 104 68 3,511 10,606 11 2 3 3 39 101 1,726 303 577 445 5,471 14,912 1 1,999 f^lniightAring and mpat pnpVing. . . . All nthflr iTidiistrifts , ., . . 5 11 3,381 7,618 Total for cities 3 5,509 3 1 4 1 2 3 35 12 248 53 306 87 139 186 2,584 863 2 1 2 3 8 1 30 11 313 116 276 451 1,070 182 4,611 1,780 1 1 305 418 ■RAini;p.qFTi!^T.n. , EUBf:KA 1 847 Long Beach 7 4 2,570 1,459 3 1 1,694 979 1 1,509 P4R^nF.1fA 2 130 Redlands ... 1 661 pi\(^T?.AlWKNTn. 4 315 2 282 5 1,521 1 2,001 1 892 San Diego 7 59 6. 486 4,196 466 33 5 4,770 665 12 4,002 3 2,143 1 1,999 San Jose . Santa Barbara Santa Cruz 1 1 1 136 122 139 7 547 1 502 Of the 10,057 establishments reported for all manu- facturing industries, 1,583, or 15.7 per cent, employed no wage earners. In these establishments the work is done by the proprietors, firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees, or where wage earners were reported the term of employment was so short that in computing the average, as described in the "Explanation of terms," the number was less than one person, and the establishment was classed as one having "no wage earners." Of the comparatively small establishments, 54.3 per cent employed from 1 to 5 wage earners; 19.2 per cent, from 6 to 20; and 6 per cent from 21 to 50. The most numerous single group consists of the 5,458 establishB^nt&emply^ from 1 to 5 wage earners, and the next of the 1,932 establishments employing from 6 to 20. There were 88 establishments that employed over 250 wage earn- ers; 6 of these establishments, of which 2 were lumber nulls, 2 steam-railroad repair shops, 1 a petroleum re- finery, and 1 a shipyard, employed over 1,000 each. Of the total number of wage earners in 1914, 62.7 per cent were in establishments employing over 50 wage earners each. The single group having the largest number of wage earners was the group com- prising the establishments employing from 101 to 250. This group employed an aggregate of 25,529 wage earn- ers, or' 18.3 per cent of the total. Of the individual itrJeacAisted in the table, as appears from the 104 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. classification according to the number of wage earners employed, agricultural implements, canning and preserving, railroad repair shops, both electric and steam, the manufacture of cement and of gas, iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills, lumber prod- ucts, the refining of petroleum, and shipbuilding, are industries in which comparatively large establishments predominate. 'Table 26 INDUSTBT AND CITY. All indiistries Agricultural implements Automobiles, iucluding bodies mid parts. Boxes and cartonsi paper Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by electric- railroad companies. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-rail- road companies. Cement Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. Food preparations, not else- where specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating. . Ice, manufactured Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER CENT OP TOTAL AVEBAGE NtrMBEB OP WAGE EAKNEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEE. ItO 5 17.2 13.0 1.5 1.1 33.4 31.8 2.1 3.3 26.2 38.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 4.5 3.3 8.5 10.7 9.7 10.4 3.8 10.3 18.0 18.4 27.1 28.2 16.6 8.5 13.0 10. 3.2 6.4 8.6 6 to 20 21 to 50 14.8 16.2 13.7 14.6 6.7 6.9 42.3 23.2 15.5 8.0 27.9 28.6 11.6 18.9 40.5 48.6 7.8 9.0 4.3 4.7 0.8 1.3 14.7 11.6 42.4 13.4 25.0 13.7 20.9 17.9 29.9 42.1 35.8 24.1 23.5 19.7 10.0 17.9 34.4 16.4 29.7 7.7 7.7 14.5 14.2 32.0 14.0 12.8 30.1 18.1 23.3 13.4 15.8 23.2 9.3 3.6 1.4 9.9 10.1 29.0 19.1 28.1 34.9 23.5 35.1 18.5 17.2 26.1 28.3 9.7 5.2 24.9 23.0 51 to 100 11.6 13.3 8.2 8.4 8.2 17.6 22.7 51.6 11.6 6.3 23.7 16.4 22.1 26.7 1.5 2.2 2.9 16.1 18.9 20.2 26.9 16, 17.1 16.0 16.7 19.6 20.9 7.9 15.2 6.7 15.1 11.9 18.3 17.2 70.9 17.8 32.0 28.3 13.1 12.5 20.1 28.6 10.0 33.7 24.7 7.5 17.6 14.9 14.6 27.3 24.7 24.0 12.4 12. 33.6 34.5 24.6 12.9 14.1 6.5 7.7 4.4 10.3 20.1 30.9 601 to 1,000 15.3 17.4 8.0 12.4 14.7 6.9 15.1 41.6 44.7 22.5 26.2 28.4 30.1 32.1 41.8 2.6 9.6 18.6 18.3 40.1 46.1 11.1 7.9 71.3 12.3 26.7 28. 34.6 21.7 54.1 72.5 5.8 6.1 26.8 Over 1,000 6.4 4.8 30.4 31.3 INDUSTBT AND CITY. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lumber and timber products. . . Marble and stone work Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes. . All other Industries Totalfor cities.. Alameda Bakebsfibld . Berkeley Eureka Fresno Long Beach.. Los Angeles.. Oakland Pasadena Pomona Redlands.^., RiVERSroE Sacramento. San Bernardino. San Diego San Francisco... San Jose Cen- sus year. Santa Barbara. Santa Cruz Stockton Vallejo 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 PER CENT op total AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIPIED NUMBEE. ItO 5 0.5 1.9 3.8 6.9 15.3 27.4 3.6 3.0 14.8 12.8 18.3 19.9 22.8 25.6 12.1 12.0 5.9 4.9 9.6 7.5 4.5 12.8 9.7 6 to 20 21 to SO 9.3 11.7 14.4 22.8 25.7 24.9 6.8 8.6 10.6 22.0 11.0 22.7 27.8 26.0 5.5 6.7 13.9 16.9 18.0 26.4 19.8 22.6 17.8 3.7 23.7 10.2 17.3 12.3 21.5 18.2 15.1 47.0 21.7 20.8 29.9 13.2 5.4 7.3 16.4 8.5 14.2 22.1 22.2 10.6 14.0 70.1 9.7 10.0 14.0 23.5 27.6 25.6 11.5 12.7 9.1 12.9 18.9 24.8 21.1 17.8 4.0 7.2 9.2 9.6 8.1 16.5 15.7 15.9 16.3 10.8 5.7 36.4 7.9 12.4 24.2 17.5 10.3 22.8 17.1 10.1 7.4 51 to 100 17.2 38.6 30.3 21.6 36.0 3.2 4.7 9.3 11.5 32.2 2L4 9.3 14.7 2.8 4.0 4.7 18.6 4.5 8.9 11.8 12.8 12.3 22.8 5.9 23.0 10.9 4.8 21.0 10.9 11.2 40.4 '5.9 9 8 27.9 32.1 23.6 19.6 18.1 13.2 12.8 17.3 23.0 56.4 31.4 13.5 38.4 38.5 76.1 37.6 32. 32.6 9.6 20.8 30. 19.7 17.4 23.5 18.9 19.7 18.1 27.2 26.0 6.8 29.6 22.5 18.4 14.7 17.3 13.0 20.7 66.4 36.9 20.6 19.4 23.1 15.0 32 22.6.. 12.5'.. 14,91 28.6 I 501 to 1,000 28.6 25.8 13.6 67.4 3.7 3.5 19.3 39.7 40.3 17.1 10, 17.3 11.9 28.1 46.8 12.6 Over 1,000 13.6 9.6 11.4 4.7 7.1 12.7 82. 6.7 33.9. 6.4I. 47.6. 9.6 11.3 62.2 67.8 6.4 37.5 6.3 In comparing 1914 with 1909, the increase in wage earners in establishments employing a large number is noticeable, the proportion in those employing over 500 wage earners in 1914 being 17.5 per cent of the total, and in 1909, 12.7 per cent. This condition is shown in the following industries: Agricultural implements, canning and preserving, steam-railroad repair shops, gas, illuminating and heating, lumber and timber, petroleum refining, and shipbuilding. Los Angeles, Sacramento, and San Francisco are the three cities having 1 establishment each employing over 1,000 wage earners, and over 50 per cent of the total average number of wage eamecs -in Ji^secities and Oakland are in establishments^tflf/w^g^ wir 50 wage earners. The smaller cities, showing the majority of wage earners in establishments employing over 50 wage earners are Alameda, Bakersfield, Eureka, Fresno, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Jose, and Stockton, while Pasadena, Redlands, and Santa Barbara have no establishments employing more than 50 wage earners. Engiaes and power. — ^Table 27 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors, employed in gener- ating primary power (including electric motors oper- ated by purchased current). It also shows separately , the number>pd horsepower of electric motors operated iy%^^§QM^ner&tedi in the estabhshments reporting. MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 105 Table 27 NUMBEB OF ENGDJE3 OB MOTOES. HOESEPOWKE. POWEE. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 27,067 14,249 3,313 491,025 329,100 210,359 100.0 100.0 100.0 0-wned 3,312 2,323 877 112 23,745 23,745 3,447 2,520 765 162 10,802 10,802 3,313 2,408 689 216 230,759 207,695 15,614 7,450 260,266 258,734 1,532 211,341 193,556 10,115 7,670 117,759 116,537 1,222 168,474 154,922 6,292 7,260 41,885 39,363 2,522 47.0 42.3 3.2 1.5 53.0 52.7 0.3 64.2 68.8 3.1 2.3 35.8 35.4 0.4 80.1 Steam engines and turbines i 73.6 3.0 Wp.t.pr w^e^lp, tlirbiTipR, ^r\f\ motors ... 3.5 Rented 19.9 Electric 18.7 Other 1.2 Electric 26,040 23,745 2,295 lUsi 291,344 258,734 32,810 143,684 116,537 27,147 49,575 39,363 10,212 100.0 88.8 11.2 100.0 81.1 18.9 100.0 Rented «658 79.4 OftTinratftH hy i^qtahlifjhmp.Tit.i? reporting 20.6 • Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported The table indicates that from 1909 to 1914 there was an increase of 161,925 horsepower, or 49.2 per cent, in the total power used in manufactures, while from 1904 to 1909 the increase was 118,741, or 56.4 per cent. Of the total increase from 1909 to 1914, 14,139 horsepower was in that generated by steam engines and 142,197 horsepower in rented electric power. The more general use of gas engines is shown, there being 877 such engines, with an indicated capacity of 15,614 horsepower reported in 1914, as against 765 engines, with 10,115 horsepower, in 1909, and 689 engines, with 6,292 horsepower in 1904. Water wheels showed a decrease in number and in total horsepower. The figures also show that the practice of renting electric power is increasing rapidly, 52.7 per cent of the total power being rented electric under the head of "other" owned pow^r. " Not reported. power in 1914, as against 35.4 per cent in 1909 and but 18.7 per cent in 1904. The proportion for 1914 is larger than for any other state in the Union. The use of electric motors for the purpose of apply- ing the power generated within the establishments is shown to be rapidly becoming more common, the horsepower of such motors having increased from 10,212 m 1904 to 27,147 in 1909, and 32,610 in 1914. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 28 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all indus- tries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole and for all industries combined in each city. Table 28 INDUSTET AND CITY. All industries. 2,000 Agricultural implements Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts.., Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-raihoad companies. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies Cement Chemicals Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Confectionery Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied Foundry and machine-^op products. . . Furniture and refrigerators Gas , illuminating and heating Ice, manubiCtured Iron and steel, steel works, and rolling mills Jewelry Leather, tamied, curried, and finished. . . Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lumber and timber products. Malt An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 34,712 21 'isi' 140 474 16 166 447 41 Bitu- mi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 564 50 566 223 46 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 97,386 153 564 162 10,570 622 ""25' 389 830 ""'26' 469 8 6,279 20 3,268 58 '"im 33 237 411 111 30 240 4,494 7 255 100 52 14,806 350 118 19 1,209 3,911 3 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (barrels). 13,359,578 2,957 3,573 142, 899 798, 829 108,780 264,988 561 10,552 692,824 1,626,305 440,760 3,241 16,938 13,588 84,712 18,147 110, 121 10,623 2,667,663 688,536 191,691 8 66,088 63,632 75,650 138,953 Gas, (1,000 cubic feet). 3,318,379 6,106 3,829 82,842 100,010 816 10,005 1,065 126 30,808 37,657 3,522 17,103 32, 017 2,473 1,886,766 560 9,946 67 299 INDBSTEY AND CITY. An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Marble and stone work.. Paint and varnish Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing- . Roofing materials Salt Shipbuilding, including boat building. . . Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries - Total for cities. Alameda Bakeesfield. Berkeley Eureka Fresno Long Beach.. Los Angeles. . Oakland Pasadena Pomona Redlands RiVEESIDE Saceamento. San Bernardino. San Dn;GO San Francesco San Jose Santa Barbara.. Santa Ceuz. DfgS^^G(i)J ^masoft®' 15 36 11 210 466 175 270 1,297 4,188 19,774 5 66 9 76 156 2 50 Bitu- mi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 371 12 65 22,030 2 51,364 22,716 26 325 412 48 64 6,819 1,789 13 7 4 101 3,069 434 183 5,112 802 2 58 494 4 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 10 12,352 17,357 2,471,640 10,288 66,867 37, 620 78,596 204,273 34,851 2,138,139 6,882,730 21 64 1,150 154 177 44 6,084 1,787 111 150 32 7,039 357 342 4,458 24 54 20 647 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (barrels). 3,435 896,940 89,781 195 650 30 6,650 169 95,298 2,281,247 69,912 124, 611 69,860 10,361 103,273 45,606 1,670,484 634, 672 24,217 27,643 14,076 416, 605 314,076 88,829 204,406 1,795,176 99,701 34,987 17,549 89,098 37, 699 Gas, (1,000 cubic feet). 1,702 27, 022 3,624 1,352 3,451 2,933 1,972,298 22,843 2,813 803 281 1,379 12,563 1,670 14, 370 189,483 10,333 900 1,284 9,002 1,161 106 MANUFACTUEES-^^ALIFORNIA. The most noticeable fact shown by the table is the large quantity of oil and of gas used, and the small amounts of the other kinds of fuel used. The larger part of this oil is crude oil, used as fuel in the gen- eration of steam power, but increasing quantities of refined oil are being used in intemal-combiistion en- gines. The cities show practically the same condition as given for the state. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quan- tity and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for eight important industries in California are here presented, and also statistics for power laimdries. Canning and preserving. — ^Although this industry in California dates from about 1875, its real importance and development did not commence until several years later. The value of its products, which in 1889 was $6,621,931, increased to $14,940,882 m 1899, $26,083,226 in 1904, $32,914,829 in 1909, and $61,645,825 in 1914. The figures shown in the following table exceed those presented in the preceding tables owing to the fact that products are included which were reported by establishments primarily engaged in the manu- facture of products other than those covered by this industry. The quantity and value, by classes, are as follows: Table 29 Total value. Canned vegetables, value. Asparagus — Cases No. 2 cans.. Value Beans — Cases No. 2 cans. . Value Cases No. 2 cans. Value Pumpkin — Cases No. Scans. Value Tomatoes — Cases No. Scans. Value All other — Value. Canned fruits, value Apples — Cases No. 3 cans. Value Apricots — Cases No. Scans. Value, Berries- Cases No. 2 cans. Value Cherries- Cases No. 2 cans. Value Peaches- Cases No. Scans. Value Pears — Cases No. Scans. Value Plums — Cases No. 2 cans. Value All other — Cases Value 1911 '$61,645,825 $6,855,055 620,859 J2,7S3,960 154,882 $275,807 165,540 $317,676 9,944 $11,S48 1,730,487 $3,122,532 119, 621 $393, 742 $15,994,119 110,672 $214,021 1,005,234 $2,963,672 165, 198 $345, 322 131,262 $459,005 2,922,637 $8,685,831 692, 782 $2,796,366 160,216 $247,505 117,608 $282, 407 1909 $32,914,829 $3,470,621 $1,794,346 47,505 $87,059 123,349 $250,624 10,941 $15, 165 536,837 $1,120,632 64,480 $202,795 $7,248,342 67,710 $136,855 627,701 $1,819,558 95,092 $171,995 224,084 $491, 575 1,149,590 $3,013,203 433,796 $1,316,022 138,995 $230,384 20,013 $68, 750 1901 $26,083,226 $2,366,661 65,641 $133,494 68,142 $144,033 18,852 $30, 156 541, 776 $845,805 286,172 $1,213,173 $6,978,083 31,286 $67,691 532,038 $1,619,767 67,467 $168,640 171, 298 $457, 169 744,715 $2,640,524 524,197 $1,577,823 196,379 $349, 307 54, 215 $97,272 Dried fruits, value Apples — Pounds Value Apricots — Poimds Value Peaches- Pounds Value Prunes- Pounds Value Eaisins— Pounds Value All other, value Fish and oysters, value Canned fish and oysters, value ' . Sardines- Cases i cans Value Tuna — Cases J cans Value..'. Salmon- Cases No. 1 cans Value All other- Value Smoked and dried fish— Pounds Value Salted and pickled fish— Poimds Value Pickles, preserves, and sauces, value. All other products, value 1914 $30,735,360 10,786,714 $663,673 39,266,294 $3,602,690 61,376,251 $2,888,962 123,586,570 $7,956,549 223,712,822 $13,681,048 $1,942,428 $3,015,347 $2,455,851 302, 736 $368, 420 437,090 $1,638,675 40, 430 $241,335 29,110 $207,421 130,500 $16,312 10,362,064 $543, 184 $4,059,350 $986,604 1909 $18,212,316 6,860,170 $481, 173 29,205,569 $2,277,177 46,827,391 $2,422,043 118,917,876 $4,394,922 195, 774, 767 $6,912,533 $1,724,468 $1,156,881 $626,208 1,980,364 $238,607 (») (') , (') $27,615 2,286,610 $387,601 100,900 $14,680 8,289,359 $615,993 $2,826,669 1904 $13,800,601 811,254 $40,659 19,559,573 $1,410,838 26,845,364 $1,701,105 114,580,431 $3,169,878 121,409,881 $6,349,381 $1,128,740 $1,011,222 $456,524 860,000 $78,000 (') (') (') $125,020 5,300,923 $378,524 739,537 $71,088 9,681,840 $483,610 $1,926,659 ' Includes $482,976 reported by 8 estabUshments engaged primarily in the manufacture of products other than those covered by this industry. 2 Canned fish reported in pounds for 1909 and 1904. 3 Figures not available. The case, which is the unit of measure for canned fruits, vegetables, and fish, consists of 24 standard size cans for the first two named products and 48 for the latter. The No. 2^ can was the principal size used for containers in Cahfomia, but to make uniform comparison with other states, the 2^-can case has been adjusted to the No. 2 can case for asparagus, beans, peas, berries, cherries, and plums, and the No. 3 can case for all other fruit and vegetable products. Cahfomia ranked first among the states in the production of canned asparagus, apricots, peaches. ticaUy a monopoly in the production of dried apricots and peaches, and a complete monopoly in the pro- duction of canned tuna fish. Dried fruits. — The value of dried fruits constituted 49.9 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in 1914, as compared with 55.3 per cent in 1909 and 52.9 per cent in 1904. The increase in the value of dried fruits for the five-year period from 1909 to 1914 was $12,523,034, or 68.8 per cent; the increase for the ten-year period from 1904 to 1914 was $16,934,749, or 122.7 per cent. In the state, according to value of products, raisins pears, plums, and tuna fish. TlD I ^iZQ€kt^&(M,OMiQl^f^t in importance, prunes second, apricots third, peaches fourth, and apples fifth. In the MANUFACTURES-CALIFORNIA. 107 United States, the total value of all dried fruits pro- duced in 1914 amounted to $34,771,912, and of this amount, California reported $30,735,350, or 88.4 per cent. Canned fruits. — ^This group of products, which was second in importance in respect to value of products in 1914, amounted to $15,994,119, or 25.9 per cent of the total value of the state for this industry. The most important of the canned fruit product was peaches, valued at $8,685,831, or 54.3 per cent of the total for this group of the industry, and of a total value for the United States of $9,585,773, California reported 90.6 per cent. Canned peaches in California increased in value, 1909 to 1914, from $3,013,203 to $8,685,831, or 188.3 per cent. Canned vegetables. — Canned vegetables, which ranked third in importance for this industry, increased in value during the five-year period from $3,470,621, reported in 1909, to $6,855,055 for 1914, or 97.5 per cent. Canned tomatoes and canned asparagus were the principal products of this group in 1914. Of a value of $6,855,055, reported for canned vegetables, tomatoes ranked first, with $3,122,532, or 45.6 per cent of the total; asparagus ranked second, with $2,733,950, or 39.9 per cent of the total. Other canned vegetables were of minor importance. Canned fish and oysters. — Canned fish and oysters increased in value during the five-year period from 1909 to 1914, $1,829,643, or 292.2 per cent, due princi- pally to the canning of tuna fish, of which there was none reported at previous censuses. The product of tuna fish alone amounted in value in 1914 to $1,638,675. Petroleum, refining. — ^This industry has had a phe- nomenal development in Cahfornia during the past decade, and, as meastired by value of products, is now the second most important industry in the state. The following table gives the statistics for the in- dustry for 1914 in comparison with 1909 and 1904: Table 30 MATEBIALS. Total cost . Crude petroleuin:i Barrels (42 gallons) Cost Partly reSned oils and waxes purchased: Barrels (50 gallons) Cost Sulphuric acid, sulphur, pyrites, and caustic soda Containers and materials therefor: Wooden, cost Metal, cost All other materials, cost Total value. Naphthas and lighter products: Gasoline (from crude petroleum) — Barrels (50 gallons) . ., Value All other- Barrels Value $38, 169, 817 41,901,651 $30,157,013 298,582 $659, 676 $1,038,700 $523,232 $396,464 $5,394,732 $55,527,651 5 2,466,528 $12, 679, 456 2,433,700 $5,810,209 1909 $13,897,721 13,481,085 $10,105,341 (=) $754,383 $283,898 $572,996 $2,181,103 $17,878,006 628,804 $3,256,209 1904 $4, 130, 809 4,369,600 $3,431,754 (') (?) $131,404 $567,651 $5,748,598 238,015 $926,063 1 Marketed production of crude petroleum, California (barrels), 1914, 99,775,327; 1909, 55,471,601; 1904, 29,649,434. ' Included under "all other materials." ' In addition, there were produced at the wells in 1914^151,626 barrels of casing- head gasoline, valued at $633,517. i^inifivf^ri hv - 1914 1909 1904 PE0DUCT3— continued. Illuminating oils: Barrels 3,339,479 $9, 186, 804 1,378,206 $2,521,941 699,602 $880,251 22,855,941 $18,395,771 128,627 $1,353,418 .152,031 $1,718,678 11,034 $87,825 13,139 $91, 173 465,247 $448,505 18,437 $471,776 176,524 $1, 505, 073 $24,474 $352,297 439 86 50,335 353 209,175 126 104 67,254,000 760 153,258,000 119 34,305,000 185 72,895,000 1,728,863 $5,047,759 3,931,366 $3,862,603 186,672 $1,137,661 124,062 $96,478 10,130 $134,036 139, 473 $1,622,683 \ $2,720,577 237 29 5,134 208 156,939 56 165 29,037,000 636 56,414,000 647,934 Value $2,023,738 Fuel oils: Distillates — Value Gas oils- Barrels 731,215 $618,178 Residual fuel oil- Value Lubricating oils: Pale or paraffin- Barrels Value Red or neutral- Value 54,018 $221,760 Cylinder oils- Barrels Value All other lubricating oils- Barrels Value Besiduum or tar, including liquid asphal- tlc rosd oils: Barrels Value Lubricating and axle greases: Value Asphalt, other than liquid asphalt: Tons (2,000 pounds) Value All other products, value EQUIPMENT. Stills, number 106 Steam- Number 14 Fire — Number 92 Agitators, number 47 Storage tanks: For crude petroleum- Number..! 43 12,440,000 For refined petroleum- Number For fuel oil— NnTnb<>r 375 49,410,000 Capacity other storage tanks: Capacity The total production of refined oUs in 1914 was 33,478,287 barrels (of 50 gallons), of which fuel oils constituted 74.5 per cent; gasoline and naphthas, 14.6 per cent; illuminating oils, 10 per cent; and lubricat- iag oUs, nine-tenths of 1 per cent. In 1909 the oil production aggregated 6,475,705 barrels, of which fuel oils formed 60.7 per cent; illu- minating oils, 26.7 per cent; gasoline and naphthas, 9.7 per cent; and lubricating oils, 2.9 per cent. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments, but omits those engaged chiefly in the manufacture of sausage. The following table gives, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kind, number, and cost of animals slaughtered, the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compounds and substitutes, and the cost of all other materials, which includes ice, containers, curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, fuel, rent of power, mill supplies, and freight; and the quantities )f the' various products manufactured, 108 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. except canned goods, canned sausage, oleo oil, soap stock, glue, and goat and kid skins, which can not be shown without establishments . disclosing operations of individual Table 31 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $40,930,582 $28,224,077 $18,618,649 PRODUCTS— continued. Cured meat— Continued. Pork, pickled, and other cured— 24,825,588 $4,415,077 8,604,082 $1,169,846 5,715,249" $652,465 25,828,084 $2,251,377 410,840 $281,394 1,273,952 $109,384 10,446,236 $494,767 12,802 $460,681 315,762 19,621,966 $3,216,742 18,456 232,622 $39,861 1,406,831 .$875,883 1,920,987 $513,006 $1,806,511 13,964,304 $2,305,753 6,195,723 • $608,682 6,644,167 $839,623 m 130,686 $92,789 m 11,363,156 $604,712 6,062 $162,509 374,278 21,134,504 $2,710,097 1,070,801 $742,098 1,707,677 $430,967 $2,487,803 315,762 $21,709,776 31,834 $513,608 1,427,260 $6,784,792 400,306 $6,101,676 '$2,403,718 $3,417,112 $49,499,968 341,617 $14,348,274 81,344 $930,781 1,071,998 $4,436,865 344,319 $4,339,254 '$2,102,762 $2,066,141 $33,953,277 259,716 $9,736,012 43,100 $412,644 990,614 $3,284,003 314,085 $2,891,457 $1,439,004 $856,429 $21,796,694 23,183,338 Beeves- $2,732,575 Number Sausage: Pounds Cost 4 4,337,762 Calves- Value. $449,063 Lard: Cost 8,312,662 Sheep and lambs- $636,600 Lard compounds and substitutes: Cost m Value h) Number * Other oils: Gallons . . Cost 9,259 Value $5,707 Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost . . All other materials, cost * Sausage casings: Pounds ^^ Value PEODTJCTS. Tallow, oleo stock, and stearin: \^ Total value Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Fresh meat: 178,314,652 $19,928,654 4,063,441 $639,357 59,522,015 $6,874,334 40,126,668 $5,232,060 6,038,636 $398,624 2,486,621 $261,946 186,315,779 $13,820,710 12,077,330 $1,104,763 44,220,813 $4,216,624 32,204,886 $3,472,610 3,435,527 $216,755 1,455,480 $137,792 140,301,999 $9,135,362 6,470,074 $451,602 38,021,994 $3,089,646 22,796,629 $1,821,101 350,000 $17,500 2,386,927 $171,362 3,325 Beet- $67,669 Hides and pelts: Cattle- Numlier ". Veal— Pounds Value 272,042 Mutton and lamb- Calf- 14,875,663 $1,465,939 Pork- Value . Pounds Sheep— 990,614 $742,499 meat- Pounds Wool: Pnundp 180,000 Value Value $51,100 Cured meat: $969, 179 Value ' Includes cost of all other animals, to avoid disclosure. From 1904 to 1914 the number of beeves slaughtered increased 56,046, or 21.6 per cent; sheep and lambs, 436,736, or 44.1 per cent; hogs, 86,221, or 27.5 per cent; while the increase in the cost of these animals was much greater. The cost of beeves in the same decade increased $11,974,764, or 123 per cent; sheep and lambs, $3,500,789, or 106.6 per cent; and hogs, $3,210,119, or 111 per cent. The number of calves slaughtered decreased, yet there was an increase in their cost. The increase of nearly a million dollars in the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing is indica- tive of the increasing manufacture in this state of cured pork and lard compounds and substitutes. All prod- ucts for which figures are shown for the decade 1904- 1914 increased in both quantity and value, except veal and lard, which decreased in quantity and in- creased in value. During the census period from 1909 to 1914 there were decreases in the number of beeves and calves slaughtered and in the quantity of their respective products, but the industry as a whole shows a substantial growth. Printing and publishing. — ^Table 32 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue for the differ- ent classes of newspaper and periodical pubhcations in California for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. 2 Not reported separately. Table 33 PERIOD or ISSUE. NUMBER or PUBUCATIONS. AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total 975 854 846 4,086,078 3,025,250 2,627,234 Daily 178 37 40 529 166 6 19 166 36 37 495 105 4 11 148 36 28 487 124 '"22' 1,422,462 776,757 39,209 682,542 1,122,367 15,010 27,731 902,752 616,916 44,856 730,424 619,900 60,277 50,125 669, 556 iSnTinay 598,167 28,600 Weekly 769, 155 522,626 Monthly Quarterly 39,230 1 Includes Ave triweeklies in 1914; six in 1909; and two in 1904. The gain in total number and circulation of all classes from 1909 to 1914 is notable — ^from 854 to 975 in number, an increase of 121, or 14.2 per cent, and in circulation from 3,025,250 to 4,086,078, an increase of 1,060,828, or 35.1 per cent. The greatest absolute gain, 1909 to 1914, in circu- lation— 519,710— or 56.7 per cent, is reported for dailies; but monthly publications show an increase of 502,467, or 81.1 per cent. Sunday newspapers gained in circulation 159,841, or 25.9 per cent, during the five years, but weeklies decreased. by 47,882, or 6.6 per cent. In number and circulation of foreign language pub- lications California has a great variety. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 109 Table 33 FEBIOD OF I3SU2. Total. Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly... All other Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber. 975 854 178 166 37 36 40 37 529 495 166 105 6 4 19 11 Aggregate circulation per issue. 4,086,078 3,025,250 1,422,462 902, 752 776, 757 616,916 39,209 44,856 682,542 730, 424 1,122,367 619,900 15.010 60,277 27, 731 50,125 Num- ber. 910 800 162 153 31 32 37 35 498 465 159 101 6 i 17 10 Aggregate circulation per issue. 3,844,987 2, 890, 686 1,340,807 854, 119 733,921 592,913 32,709 40,156 623,242 694, 246 1,073,867 599,600 15,010 60,277 25,431 49,375 FOREIGN LANQU^QES. Num- ber. 54 Aggre- gate cir- cula- tion per issue. 241,091 134, 564 81,655 48, 633 42,836 24,003 6,600 4,700 59,300 36, 178 48,500 20,300 2,300 750 1 Includes triweeklies; English, 4 in 1914, and 5 in 1909; foreign languages, 1 in each of the census years. In 1914 there were 16 foreign language dailies, 6 Sundays, 31 weeklies, 2 semiweeklies, and 1 tri- weekly, with. 7 monthly and 2 semimonthly publica- tions; a total of 65, with a circulation of 241,091. In 1909 there were 54, with a circulation of 134,564. The increase, therefore, is 11 in number and 106,527, or 79.2 per cent, in. total circulation. The dailies in- creased 3 in number and 33,022, or 67.9 per cent, in circulation; and the Sundays 2 in number and 18,833, or 78.5 per cent, in circulation. Of the foreign-language daihes, 5 were printed in Chinese and 5 in Japanese, and 2 each in French, Ger- man, and Italian. The circulation of the publications in the Chinese language was 16,569 and of the Japa- nese,' 28,736. These are increases over the figures for 1909 of 7,069, or 74.4 per cent, and 8,633, or 42.9 per cent, respectively. AH the Japanese and 3 of the Chinese dailies were pubhshed in the morning. The only afternoon foreign-language editions were those of 2 Chinese and 1 French daily. Of the 6 Sunday newspapers, 2 were printed in the German and 2 in the Japanese language. One was in Chinese and 1 in Italian. Of the 31 weeklies, 8 were in German; 5 each in Italian and Portuguese; 2 each in French, Spanish, Greek, and Swedish; and 1 each in Armenian, Croa- tian, Danish, Japanese, and Serbian. The 2 semi- weeklies were in Italian; and the only triweekly, in Russian. Of the 7 monthly publications, 2 each were in Italian and Spanish; 1 each in Armenian, Croatian, and Portuguese. The "aU other" class consisted of 2 semimonthly publications — 1 in Hungarian and 1 in Swedish. The circulation of the 2 Spanish weeklies far outnumbered the circulation of the other foreign- language publications of this period of issue. The only circulation that can be given without disclosure of the data of individual publications is that of the 8 German weeklies, 6,600; and of .the 5 Portuguese, 5,850. These are decreases from the circulation re- ported for 1909. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^There are 59 establishments reported in this state in 1914 as having groimd wheat flour to some extent, 10 establishments reporting less than 1,000 barrels each, 23 reporting 1,000 to 5,000 barrels each, 12 reporting 5,000 to 20,000 barrels each, 9 reporting 20,000 to 100,000 barrels each, and 5 reporting 100,000 or more barrels each. There were consumed 9,554,542 bushels of wheat in the flour miUs of the state during 1914, as compared with 8,866,746 bushels in 1909. The fol- lowing table gives the quantity and value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 34 1914 1909 1904 Total value $24,078,735 $26,188,133 $20, 202, 542 Wheat flour: Barrels 1,783,007 $10,341,920 5,682 $32,204 25,160 $786 3,098,678 $50,011 93,165 $410,1-57 560,165 $13,310 5,964,000 $236,060 80,165 $2,180,649 354,523 $10,002,906 3,881,771 $116,653 $414,312 $279, 767 1,805,248 $10,376,701 9,214 $45,145 133,328 $4,614 60,000 $2,034 50,969 $222,399 736,669 $20,937 2,439,499 $10,611,671 22,733 $105, 946 352, 382 Value Eye flour: Value Buclcwheat flour: Value $12,753 Barley meal: Pounds Value Com meal and corn flour: Barrels.. 62,254 $215,845 987,983 $33,905 Value Hominy and grits: Value Oatmeal: PnnnH,s Value Bran and middlings: Tons 416,074 $12,518,441 Value Feed and offal; Tons 327, 139 $8,036,824 Value Breakfast foods: Value All other cereal products, value $618, 623 $1,380,339 All other products, value «1 lOK KOO The three principal products of this industry, wheat flour, bran and middlings, and feed, together formed 93. 5. per cent of the total value of products in 1914, and 90.9 per cent in 1909; and wheat flour alone contributed 43 per cent in 1914 and 41.2 per cent in 1909. There is little change in the more important •items for the five-year period 1909-1914, the total value of products showing a decrease of 4.4 per cent, while from 1904 to 1914 an increase is shown of 19.2 per cent. The equipment reported for the miUs ot the state in 1914 was 515 stands of rolls, 39 runs of stone, and 85 attrition miUs. Nine establishments made sacks. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — As will be seen by the following table, this industry has experienced a decided increase during the past 10 years. The total value of products of the industry, during the decade 1904-1914, shows an increase of $12,645,491 or 161.7 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 110 MANUFACTURES^-CALIFORNIA. During this period the production of butter in- creased by 31,422,279 pounds, or 117.1 per cent. The production for 1914 amounted to 58,259,665 pounds, and of this, 32.2 per cent was "packed solid" — that is, put up in firkins or tubs, and 67.8 per cent was "prints or rolls." Table 35 1914 1909 1904 Total value . $20,466,428 $12,760,670 $7,820,937 Butter: 58,259,665 $16,583,329 18,773,252 $5,239,215 39,486.413 811,344,114 6,122,772 $691,888 3,745,979 $583,501 $2,498,132 $109,578 37,283,450 $11,644,453 7,764,696 $2,388,265 29 518, 754 $9,256,188 2,674,826 $411,473 1,567,640 $252,582 $316,561 $135,601 26,837,386 Value.. $6, 640, 845 Packed solid — Pounds ... 3, 070, 037 3742,929 Prints or rolls- 23,766,749 $5,897,916 921,334 Value . Cream sold: Value $132, 277 Cheese: i 3,601,051 $425, 231 Value All other butter, cheese, and condensed $598,079 $24,505 ' Includes "full cream," "part cream," and "other kinds" of cheese. 2 Includes condensed and evaporated milk manufactured, skimmed milk sold, buttermilk sold, casein and powdered milk manufactured. Cheese, including the "full cream," "part cream," and "other kinds," shows a decrease in quantity from 1904 to 1909 of 56.5 per cent. There was a marked increase in the quantity and value of the condensed and evaporated milk manu- factured in the state, but statistics for it can not be shown without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments . Sugar, beet. — Statistics for the beet-sugar industry are shown for the first time for this state. At previous censuses the figures were withheld, to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Table 36 1914 1,138,264 $15,528,666 Sugar: 176,431 $14,344,035 4,618,242 $260,327 $418, 836 Molasses: Value Pulp: _ $121,939 $383,529 In 1914 there were treated or used by the beet-sugar factories 1,138,264 tons of beets, from which were pro- duced 176,431 tons of sugar, valued at $14,344,035. Practically this entire production was refined sugar ready for the consumer. In addition, there were pro- duced 4,618,242 gallons of molasses, valued at $260,327 and "all other products," consisting mostly of dried and moist beet pulp, with a value of $924,304. In the last decade this industry has increased in value of products nearly fourfold and is now one of the leading industries of the state, with a total va^ $15,528,666. leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^The quantity and cost of hides and skms treated, the cost of other raw stock, and all other materials used, and the quan- tity and value of the chief products reported for this industry in California for 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table : Table 37 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $7,858,299 $7,039,453 $5,912,140 Cattle hides: Number 541,049 $5, 067, 693 71,144 $224,561 1,577,740 $986, 188 $96,060 $1,483,797 $10,020,739 611,421 $4,300,834 113,449 $302,613 1,328,712 $926, 139 $88,422 $1,421,445 ' $9,366,545 634,417 Cost $3,528,424 Calfand kip skins: 107,834 Cost $138,172 Sheep and lamb skins: Number 1, 510, 067 Cost $829,275 $96,588 All nthfir mp.tArialPj r»/)Rt- .... $1,319,681 PEODUCTS. Total value $8,072,257 Sole leather: Sides 402,780 $3,248,183 269,728 $2, 128, 674 290,866 $1,405,381 52,656 $248,451 1,217,164 $475,163 $1,482,385 $1,032,502 472,236 $3,100,226 383,264 $2, 571, 122 24,268 $83,776 izr,ssa $408,957 601,802 $237,476 $1,835,766 $1,129,222 575, 393 Value $2, 971, 579 Harness leather: Sides 339,041 Value $1, 904, 647 Cattle side upper leather: Sides 22,780 Value $69, 680 Calfand kip skins: 106,571 Value $241,728 Sheep and lamb skins; 1,012,816 Value $341, 262 $1, 667, 620 All other products, including amount received for taiming or finishing for $875, 741 The cost of the cattle hides used formed 64.5 per cent of the total cost of all materials in 1914, 61.1 per cent in 1909, and 59.7 per cent in 1904. The number of hides treated decreased at each census. While the cost increased. The number of calf and kip skias treated also decreased in the decade, but sheep and lamb skins increased. "All other" raw stock includes horsehides and goat, deer, pig, dog, and shark skins; and "all other" materials include all Idnds of taiming and finishing materials, fuel, rent of power, etc. Sole leather continues to be the leading product of the leather industry in CaHfomia, and harness leather is second, though each shows a decrease in production as compared with the censuses of 1909 and 1904. The manufacture of cattle side upper, which has been in- significant, is now third in importance in the industry. Calf and kip skins have fallen off, and though sheep and lamb skins have increased in the ten-year period, they form but a small percentage of the total value of leather produced. "AU other leather" includes the following kinds of leather: Skirting, coUar, horse, rough, case, bag, and strap, finished spHts, glove, belt- ing, saddlery, and upholstery. "All other products " include wool, hair, and glue stock. Laundries.— Statistics for power latindries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for aU h^fd^&f^' "^ A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 41 QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. Unit. 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914.1 Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Barrels 545 2,801 2,345 481,839 83,766 222 2,646 19 270,910 60,267 145.5 6.9 Coke Oil 77.9 Gas 1,000 cubic feet 66.6 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 112 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. GEIfESAI TABLES. Table 42 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state, and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 43 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all in- dustries combined. Table 42.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY. FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDrSTRT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agrlculturalimplements. Artificial stone products . Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder.. Boots and shoes. Boxes and cartons, paper. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Canning and preserving. . . Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop oonstmction and re- pairs, by electric-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs, by steam-railroad companies. Cement Chemicals. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,117 864 615 2 85 104 91 201 161 281 196 155 155 198 27 21 20 13 '15 139, 481 115,296 100,355 m 622 479 466 320 731 478 14 244 134 205 33 52 37 617 695 700 753 624 433 247 195 388 4,851 4,018 2,778 2,571 2,730 2,217 1,044 597 603 12, 756 7,757 7,739 537 760 2,086 1,902 852 n,r,m 9,342 8,251 2,420 2,407 596 257 244 259 491,025 329 100 210,359 1,533 1,186 583 355 247 87 1,457 305 32 182 86 72 85 91 72 475 369 241 484 405 105 400 261 223 3,585 2,517 13, 186 11,828 7,262 4,694 2,496 3,026 10, 592 7,453 4,635 1,149 957 782 3,981 2,055 235 15, 262 7,877 1,521 1,308 1,060 566 451 349 366 239 122 600 368 10 169 89 124 28 40 27 396 402 371 271 152 230 181 260 3,075 1,991 1,899 1,787 1,380 466 414 457 610 715 1,609 1,676 672 9,616 8,394 46,550 1,759 28, 892 1, 650 5,351 184 168 189 S447, 475 325, 238 215, 726 900 1,441 724 471 220 130 1,234 700 13 710 315 407 453 847 590 1,253 1,120 961 707 442 241 487 295 321 12,236 10,377 5,756 1,473 1,457 731 17,974 11,140 6,460 45,694 24,009 18,655 497 849 852 1,522 1,152 461 7,005 9,549 3,251 3,381 2,182 664 933 762 700 1,962 2,670 1,484 1,187 643 329 2,459 1,470 1,124 595 .739 641 1,120 721 1,891 1,924 1,678 1,451 965 524 951 679 940 21,855 17,710 10,619 4,751 4,553 3,677 20, 466 12, 761 7,821 61,163 32,915 26,083 1,384 2,052 2,352 3,284 3,009 1,228 17,200 18,719 9,836 7,699 6,504 1,601 1,524 1,306 1,124 Clothing, men's including shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Fertilizers. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewnere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furnishing goods, men's.. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamentrng. Gloves and leather. mittens. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 64 55 43 44 45 10 7 7 124 38 131 27 24 16 15 14 132 125 122 181 129 75 n,097 543 19 8 20 10 11 6 162 129 90 56 41 6 12 2,468 2,385 2,768 1,060 791 977 464 352 331 149 102 1,839 1,002 1,234 352 416 467 780 435 403 196 226 123 1,067 948 716 429 9,747 8,377 126 84 144 134 92 1,620 1,653 1,194 463 553 244 2,317 1,666 147 200 135 422 570 516 540 371 137 1,332 1,123 816 248 221 54 582 567 1,300 1,192 526 1,116 442 278 1,586 1,579 852 13,374 11,545 11,004 3,622 1,959 659 23,620 17,253 7,849 23 12 21 3,557 2,333 1,748 1,006 540 156 22,054 7,502 3,606 143 103 100 58 58 43 $1,244 1,050 1,146 611 350 424 309 245 196 111 67 42 909 459 533 277_ 323 347 472 240 244 158 155 812 732 659 549 406 190 8,827 7,312 4,913 94 75 90 117 67 37 1,446 1,507 887. 363 446 169 2,023 1,408 650 130 174 110 203 267 223 ta,956 1,381 876 7,459 4,617 s;25i 241 134 3,260 2,138 1,647 1,674 1,579 1,134 1,^0 928 434 1,860 1,796 519 19,504 21, 892 17, 132 6,058 3,970 14,282 12,901 7,382 200 117 282 441 457 167 1,895 1,858 1,290 713 750 193 3,422 2,604 1,184 252 204 105 458 558 459 15,564 5,121 5,238 2,733 1,672 1,745 9,584 6,492 4,683 616 437 5,864 3,624 3,506 2,338 2,167 1,718 2,862 1,613 1,004 2,331 2,313 24,079 25,188 20,203 8,011 5,508 1,587 31,732 26,731 17,595 509 302 682 850 721 274 4,563 4,496 2,834 1,554 1,715 500 13,578 8,927 5,412 551 560 314 951 1,231 911 1 Excludes statistics for one estabhshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes sand-lime brick. 3 Includes "canningandpreserving,fruits and vegetables"; "canning and presenting, fish"; "canning and preserving, oysters"; and "nickles nre'iPrvM nnrt osmras " < Excludes statistics for one establishment, calcium lights, included in 1914 but tabulated separately in 1904. pii-Jiie!., preserves, ana sauces. 5 Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "gas machine.-!"; "hardware"; "hardware, saddlery"; "plumbers' sunnlies not plspwhere specified"; "pumps, steam and other power"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made irusteel works or rouSg ^ Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoiddisclosure of individual operations. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 42.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904-Contmued. 113 DTOUSTBT AHD CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value oi prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTEIES- -Continued. Hosiery and knit goods. 1914 16 405 146 J197 $424 $902 Paper goods, not else- 1914 <9 206 164 $109 58 10 S267 101 21 J5S4 224 55 1909 1904 6 5 268 222 44 21 112 88 200 146 462 357 where specified. 1909 1904 8 63 101 23 7 Ice, manufactured 1914 95 1,139 20,411 982 926 3,587 Patent medicines and 1914 8 126 328 698 180 1,187 2,496 1,649 1,445 1909 77 666 9,971 572 664 2,331 compounds and drug- 1909 89 310 347 .533 1904 54 415 5,788 335 299 1,307 gists' preparations. 1904 89 344 124 175 Iron and steel, steel 1914 7 1,244 6,833 1,059 2,673 4,214 Petroleum, refining 1914 38 1,930 22,309 1,716 38,170 55,528 17,878 works and rolling 1909 5 1,038 3,945 829 2,348 3,520 1909 29 930 5,630 801 mills. 1904 4 '773 2,618 492 779 1,489 1904 19 678 1,283 477 4,131 6,749 Iron and steel, wrought 1914 7 343 958 266 818 1,477 Photo-engraving 1914 28 201 236 230 79 575 pipe. 1909 4 160 386 156 532 856 1909 20 190 119 196 63 1904 3 95 119 71 238 367 1904 22 143 92 119 56 308 Jewelry 1914 98 627 575 553 501 1 519 Printing and publishing 1914 '1,543 1,240 8,769 7,566 14,063 7,772 9,709 34,775 1909 58 574 324 477 664 l|557 1909 7,674 6,432 6,327 25,032 1904 49 445 161 375 682 1,447 1904 n,091 7,080 5,238 5,182 4,525 19,127 Leather goods 1914 1157 613 395 424 1 448 2 777 Roofing materials 1914 9 306 1,115 223 1,456 2,378 1909 88 710 321 458 1,101 2,244 1909 5 161 1,138 117 1,064 1,833 1904 2 97 775 357 488 1,016 2,125 1904 7 168 284 136 500 1,046 Leather,tanned,curried 1914 29 1,361 3,676 1,007 7,858 10,021 Bubber goods, not else- 1914 11 226 1,180 172 479 905 and finished. 1909 40 1,398 3,534 988 7,039 9,367 where specified 1909 5 74 209 61 169 323 1904 49 1,515 3,291 945 5,912 8,072 1904 4 45 44 30 131 219 Liquors, disiUled 1914 1909 13 33 112 193 698 1,360 99 128 959 835 3,050 5,353 Salt 1914 1909 22 19 347 402 2,079 1,228 262 212 397 242 1,215 746 1904 28 76 683 50 375 1,165 1904 26 313 756 138 120 429 Liquors, malt 1914 69 1,512 9,781 8,867 1,773 3,780 2,559 12,460 Shipbuilding, including boat building. 1914 -^'52 3,457 1,844 4 697 3,196 1,592 3,487 1,237 8,104 1909 83 1,296 1,391 9,319 1909 43 3,129 4,132 1904 97 1,205 5,924 1,145 2,250 7,611 1904 S38 639 4,297 537 600 1,414 Liquors, vinous 1914 1909 1904 202 181 273 1,602 1,287 1,146 7,873 6,314 5,067 817 682 656 6,829 4,674 3,669 11,300 8,937 6,689 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 »108 94 76 2,220 1,641 1,287 7,189 3,867 2,093 1,811 1,307 914 41,301 28,448 18,752 50,012 34,280 22,013 Lumberandtimberprod- 1914 3 632 22,438 105,981 17,164 25,622 52,860 ucts. 1909 1904 644 582 22,935 18,919 94,914 71,011 15,651 12,789 18,369 11,529 45,000 34,615 Soap 1914 1909 25 23 244 166 724 477 191 115 2,018 1,117 2,968 1,576 Malt . .. 1914 1909 1904 3 4 S 34 36 58 729 765 185 45 44 59 672 611 486 938 827 660 Stoves and hot-air fur- 1904 1914 27 27 220 334 619 228 135 300 1,069 344 1,600 863 naces, including gas and oil stoves. 1909 17 216 152 174 206 514 Uarble and stone work. . 1914 143 1,294 4,131 1,231 1,509 3,633 1904 7 167 138 90 98 279 1909 128 1,415 3,562 1,241 1,183 3,380 1904 69 837 1,324 807 1,005 2,395 Tobacco, cigars and 1914 363 1,607 76 926 1,372 3,983 Mattresses and spring beds. 1914 1909 49 35 654 528 1,479 727 490 361 1,419 1,243 2,448 2,164 cigarettes. 1909 1904 332 6 379 1,465 1,785 71 22 857 823 1,217 1,097 3,360 3,192 1904 31 423 336 237 475 1,010 Window shades and 1914 27 72 59 55 393 594 Millinery and lace goods 1914 42 405 142 230 544 1,128 fixtures. 1909 16 66 78 50 285 486 1909 23 166 110 90 218 413 1904 19 49 51 33 193 300 1904 15 196 12 70 108 259 Mineral and soda ■ waters. 1914 1909 1904 175 154 128 363 349 352 847 640 374 291 274 251 490 504 357 1,391 1,422 1,206 Wire work, including wii'e rope and cable. 1914 1909 1904 20 20 19 200 231 179 1,247 951 481 146 137 102 906 987 468 1,361 1,548 840 Paint and varnish 1914 38 392 1,587 310 2,873 4,082 All other industries 1914 1,359 18,338 88,197 14,240 121,871 159,436 1909 35 396 1,387 275 2,652 3,768 1909 838 13,042 52,303 9,652 96,704 126,522 1904 22 293 614 201 1,678 2,370 1904 721 15,320 38,769 9,870 71,695 95,960 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. BERKELEY— All industries. LOS AITGELES- All industries. Artificial stope products Awnings, tents, and sails 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,911 1,325 814 1,328 1,084 23,744 17,327 10,424 117 3,603 2,433 64,665 33,166 tl,054 840 230 18,277 12,588 7,088 t4,769 2,687 782 58,941 38,913 18,689 123 31 52 263 165 105 17,321 4,435 1,474 103,458 68,586 34,814 323 147 129 397 258 234 LOS AUTGELES— Continued. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms, from broom corn. 1914 13 86 157 »70 $162 1909 8 65 99 46 60 1904 1914 24 177 47 1,079 28 848 39 2,729 721 1909 159 1,106 901 702 2,870 1904 75 412 272 1,027 1914 12 494 2,348 337 347 1909 16 489 1,766 276 319 1904 16 533 301 231 1914 5 41 33 25 55 1909 4 47 16 25 79 $335 192 106 4,815 4,670 1,744 973 136 ' Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual.operations. ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills"; and " window and door screens." * Includes "cardboard, not made in paper mills," and "envelopes." 6 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing"; and "lithographing." ' Excludes statistics for three establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. » Includes" " P2101°— 13- Digitized by Microsoft® 114 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 42.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904-Coiitinued. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. LOS ANGELES— Continued. Brushes, other than toilet and paint. Butter and cheese Canning and preserving. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop con- struction and repaursby steam - railroadT com- panies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's. . Coffee,roastingand grind- ing. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specifled. Copper, tin, and sheet iron products. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Fancy articles, not else- where specifled. Flavod'ing extracts. . Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture ators. and refriger- Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. Hand stamps Ice, manufactured . Jewelry. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4 15 2 34 21 14 15 23 16 4 4 3 38 15 89 27 12 4 10 11 39 11 13 5 6 3 «69 53 3 24 16 12 6 19 9 38 22 10 6214 113 58 44 42 28 24 15 4 5 5 10 9 4 3 5 10 6 5 30 16 10 5 139 44 53 883 409 314 109 160 120 2,656 1,887 1,404 725 452 238 331 161 42 120 48 33 50 408 352 201 92 79 121 146 15 7 13 168 135 110 150 131 55 2,830 2,422 1,281 469 380 325 131 196 13 641 352 60 83 40 22 18 433 272 144 150 72 57 481 168 864 471 211 102 2,425 1,083 156 277 241 511 30 158 342 147 114 104 2,194 1,260 417 236 6,972 3,852 664 584 163 230 10,211 3,079 66 63 43 18 5,241 2,206 71 37 $7 3 128 36 42 175 117 85 119 84 2,248 1,632 1,159 386 186 204 72 24 62 67 29 318 48 150 35 25 28 313 250 150 73 52 84 55 14 22 6 5 8 135 95 81 24 2,399 1,897 968 395 310 222 103 162 9 622 314 58 68 22 17 364 224 114 127 55 47 $18 7 1,486 1,307 558 1,878 771 521 102 252 104 1,537 1,601 334 657 486 165 442 154 41 1,345 802 347 1,032 204 533 147 106 171 876 611 244 120 97 174 95 9 17 39 36 19 4,257 4,830 2,364 495 376 50 4,722 3,755 1,606 424 354 494 284 267 16 1,137 ■ 487 HI 86 34 22 5 238 142 91 109 102 44 $39 15 1,759 1,417 677 3,030 1,255 821 250 481 305 3,942 3,362 1,550 1,359 822 928 321 1,811 1,150 497 2,002 343 954 188 139 232 1,551 1,124 515 306 211 400 247 43 71 118 58 62 5,176 5,347 2,799 826 580 118 9,712 7,777 3,557 1,096 941 880 567 670 40 3,745 2,210' 221 234 133 92 40 982 765 470 369 246 151 LOS AirOELES- Continued. Leather goods Liquors, malt. Liquors, vinous. Lumber and products. timber Marble and stone wort . Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters. Models and patterns, not including paper pat- terns. Paintand varnish Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving. . Printing and publishing. Shipbuilding, wooden, in- cluding boat building. and meat Slaughtering packing. Statuary and art goods. Stoves and hot-air fiu'- naces, including gas and oil stoves. Surgical appliances and artificial limbs. Tobacco, cigars and ciga- rettes. Tools, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved. All other industries. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6 36 32 24 3 4 25 13 10 '63 61 40 16 14 16 16 6 9 12 6 3 845 35 '25 7 10 6 11 7 234 154 6 5 10 6 6 14 179 119 212 215 175 329 242 180 43 23 41 1,680 1,558 228 75 34 269 168 71 37 19 11 44 13 15 51 35 10 91 60 100 59 102 74 2,187 1,537 1,182 48 33 810 607 192 176 105 10 10 32 14 20 13 6 14 3,981 2,661 1,074 1,806 1,682 116 9,272 6,207 1,047 258 384 187 123 260 158 203 62 329 430 139 63 3,376 1,220 182 43 2,741 747 18 19 14 163 120 9,009 4,661 $129 117 101 394 258 141 30 13 22 1,399 1,108 584 210 72 36 195 115 47 29 IS 7 30 7 10 30 9 33 43 16 58 82 49 109 70 1,979 1,188 905 44 27 324 231 30 15 14 62 16 14 13 125 91 24 10 13 11 6 12 2,692 1,914 671 $715 402 296 612 362 227 84 42 6,159 3,529 1,597 232 116 26 561 49S 159 68 40 9 21 6 5 371 358 81 112 140 56 1,135 321 34 22 2,851 1,619 950 109 41 12,530 5,946 3,668 15 5 5 60 58 11 15 14 144 134 82 11 8 117 31 14 6 2 10 7,960 4,019 1,737 $1,104 757 584 3,027 1,457 798 190 136 164 5,684 2,700 570 257 96 917 787 267 167 87 50 95 28 31 536 494 120 337 337 153 1,146 1,406 461 281 165 9,647 5,192 3,508 182 101 14,018 7,464 4,040 74 192 135 49 46 397 344 31 27 174 55 45 13,731 7,671 3,910 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of Individual operations. 2 Includes "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables;" "canning and preserving, iish;" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 8 Excludes statistics tor two estabhshments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. < Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specifled." 6 Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines;" "hardware, exclusive of locks;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specifled'' "pumps, steam and other power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mill " ' 6 fiicludes "pocketbooks;" "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planimg-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens " 8 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 9 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engavin^, steel and copper plate, includmg plate prmting;" and "lithographing." 10 Includes "sausage." DiQitizecl by Mlcrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 42.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 115 INDtTSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse^ power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. DfDtrSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. I Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANT'S OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. OAKLAND — All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Butter.. Canning and preserving. . Carriages, wagons, and repairs. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Food preparations, elsewhere specihed. not 1914 1909 1904 Foundry and machine- shop products. Liquors, malt.. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Mineral and soda waters. Printing and publishing . Tobacco, cigars. All other industries. . SACRAUENTO- AU industries. Bread and other bakery products. Canning and preserving.. Carriages and wagons and materials. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1G09 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 573 441 248 6 4 7 19 9 25 8 10 10 5 6 7 325 12 4 8 6 5 4 72 44 13 4 4 3 627 31 6 21 3 4 '90 70 27 17 221 157 78 236 8 212 156 31 7,706 6,905 3,353 34S 312 176 37 63 23 73S 425 22 35 45 160 72 117 66 55 60 32 28 775 747 236 112 78 23 832 272 331 262 41 101 18,950 13,683 203 575 166 191 4,232 3,822 1,701 6,334 4,521 4,203 134 139 76 552 235 277 22 63 1,741 750 652 3,859 3,421 434 540 10,871 7,347 13,909 8,567 452 190 $5,966 5,317 2,068 S14, 999 11,847 4,307 274 264 139 407 173 52 62 18 19 2 701 681 148 132 84 26 702 441 249 357 174 23 50 23 3,176 2,811 931 4,163 3,924 2,962 118 116 64 329 116 97 16 61 49 828 835 368 584 637 272 2,158 674 43 32 68 41 180 107 103 115 81 107 75 133 13 1,284 666 160 250 158 40 2,014 1,198 787 367 265 116 34 74 51 7,032 6,921 2,176 9,050 6,902 5,144 343 322 1,314 627 604 14 53 94 109 66 67 $28, 522 22,343 9,016 1,494 1,420 742 334 3,306 1,040 67 102 168 101 295 222 214 252 180 240 140 214 25 2,538 1,824 417 850 668 170 3,197 2,183 1,537 133 118 1,478 1,292 580 109 183 101 13,935 12,089 4,463 16,383 14,006 10,073 587 563 326 2,016 960 730 46 142 204 161 103 78 SACRAUENTO— Continued. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Liquors, vinous. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. . Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines compounds. and Printing and publishing. Tobacco, cigars. All other industries. . SAN FRANCISCO— All industries. Artificial stone products. Awnings, tents, and sails. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Boots and shoes. Boxes and cartons, paper. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Butter.. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3 5 5 6 11 11 10 5 4 5 9 7 "31 28 19 14 17 13 65 54 44 2,334 1,796 2,251 10 7 7 8 8 215 11 10 12 13 13 2 15 167 184 7 3 7 30 42 7 23 7 111 93 57 20 12 30 137 203 135 14 17 29 19 .25 24 18 28 12 268 233 146 75 82 61 3,917 3,315 3,257 31, 768 28,244 38,429 56 68 24 57 48 106 117 31 291 321 548 371 281 356 122 121 324 1,606 1,203 1,366 31 6 10 62 137 785 540 425 307 11,669 7,010 61,818 49,934 135 131 131 233 225 170 131 1,133 786 156 4 $36 40 4 11 4 104 81 44 14 6 24 123 162 108 14 22 11 18 15 13 15 5 240 229 116 61 61 3,073 3,000 2,362 25,289 22,381 25,015 54 61 23 44 30 75 45 49 13 201 204 313 182 141 127 125 116 1,251 1,003 $56 62 23 37 14 120 78 40 111 108 142 208 206 136 14 28 18 22 33 25 38 62 14 263 167 \ 92 70 67 45 6,345 5,086 3,755 97,040 76,217 75,946 77 60 12 283 61 270 204 118 22 635 553 731 346 221 210 210 164 275 3,689 2,965 2,548 671 35 333 $133 178 37 66 30 325 225 119 212 148 237 403 472 316 34 63 67 106 74 80 130 62 1,066 786 439 173 173 123 11,048 9,891 7,288 162,300 133,041 137, 788 154 151 41 389 144 434 261 211 37 963 978 1,288 745 496 448 419 356 6,683 5,268 4,882 741 47 396 "pumps steam, and other 1 gicludes "canning and preserving, fruits," and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." Excludes statistics for one estabUsnment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' T 1 J ^ "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware, not elsewhere specmed." I Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines;" "plumbers' suppKes, not elsewhere specified-' P""?? steam Mtmgs and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made m steel works or rolUng mills " . ^eludes boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, pTamng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills " • excludes statistics for two estabhshments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Licludes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing " limits of thrc-t" ""^ ^^^* ^''^ '^"^^ pubUshed because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those estabhshments located within the corporate "Includes "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables," and "pickles and sauces " tag JS'°'^^^ "automobile repairing"; "hardware,saddlery "; "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roll- " Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 116 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 42.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904-Coiitiiiued. INDDSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. nrousTEY AND CITJ. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Valuo of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES-Continued. SAIT FRANCISCO- Continued. Canning and preserving. Carriages and wagons and materials. Chemicals. Clothing, men's,mcluding shirts. Slotbing, women's. . Coffee and spice, roasting and grindmg. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectiraiery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specined. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cordials and flavoring sirups. Electrical machinery^ ap- paratus, and supplies. Electroplating. Flavoring extracts . Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furnishing goods, men's. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 120 17 233 39 37 63 86 52 50 84 53 41 48 18 19 25 5 4 6 31 27 37 16 11 <15 S90 71 60 5 4 «243 167 172 1,121 903 1,693 168 237 405 100 120 126 1,598 1,522 2,438 694 570 922 334 225 275 73 61 61 757 539 585 242 282 374 1,187 1,068 1,466 9 14 173 129 233 29 27 30 28 25 19 68 107 211 377 330 261 2,383 2,823 3,885 105 77 71 1,048 788 277 321 231 40 96 67 863 666 248 576 720 382 335 130 909 775 151 339 299 842 861 869 681 142 114 101 69 1,260 1,225 1,263 900 5,649 6,714 2,223 1,237 287 271 $580 382 554 151 204 304 70 93 797 727 1,028 387 252 393 222 153 157 '51 39 34 347 249 241 189 220 287 1,000 947 901 5 8 100 77 134 28 24 26 16 16 7 59 89 153 237 192 114 49 43 31 833 1,017 616 216 267 160 S6,668 3,482 3,080 160 191 319 689 628 647 2,167 2,106 2,530 908 647 810 5,744 3,549 2,750 212 152 106 1,368 930 776 1,240 1,194 874 3,284 1,872 2,641 91 37 42 273 143 149 23 18 138 121 61 2,682 2,403 2,780 2,242 1,679 637 3,661 4,901 4,273 231 368 144 1,216 1,336 743 347 430 177 36 92 35 {8,313 4,776 4,636 436 562 912 838 938 764 3,965 3,682 4,804 1,725 1,225 1,633 7,270 4,973 3,980 324 272 212 2,365 1,718 1,778 1,748 1,604 1,340 5,852 3,646 4,529 133 92 137 549 322 420 85 70 81 236 197 99 3,116 2,781 3,423 3,097 8,332 9,622 10,525 478 664 231 2,782 3,057 1,836 791 917 461 120 267 136 SANFBAITCISCO— Continued. Gloves and mittens, leather. Grease and taUow, not in- eluding lubricating Hair work- Hand stamps and stencils and brands. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured. Jewelry.. Leather goods. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt.. Liquors, vinous.. Looking-glass and picture frames. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. . . Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods. Mineral and soda waters.. Models and patterns, not including paper pat- terns. Paint and varnish . Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Photo-engraving , 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 24 36 '37 20 <34 12 17 21 17 20 22 4 4 5 14 859 68 252 17 18 18 16 12 16 23 12 11 17 14 22 17 14 13 14 13 13 944 28 47 94 128 312 48 32 40 48 10 51 54 30 56 31 67 145 67 84 416 430 373 259 290 418 520 558 595 491 437 574 16 21 116 71 96 1,262 1,439 1,420 608 488 561 279 256 329 276 106 173 84 79 132 50 76 76 81 85 270 175 168 284 68 95 118 254 60 2,365 1,486 444 248 199 165 1,669 1,260 2,126 1,701 6,881 6,436 1,258 1,227 572 365 116 97 133 125 259 131 420 352 141 131 $57 79 148 45 27 15 4 46 52 21 33 18 39 131 •69 76 376 367 319 175 204 272 401 415 378 508 594 12 14 4 97 63 67 1,121 1,347 1,105 470 413 524 225 173 179 170 61 63 80 81 111 37 66 60 62 60 184 82 148 84 105 103 $113 148 305 231 200 34 75 101 73 68 337 502 630 406 348 536 2,583 2,655 1,910 1,051 895 1,147 179 135 15 126 86 38 2,213 2,133 2,005 963 797 778 677 576 294 435 148 96 84 73 167 23 45 28 459 456 1,564 856 380 435 30 34 50 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fruits" ; "canning and preserving, fish' '; "c annin g and preserving, oysters" ; and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 2 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. _ 8 Excludes statistics for one establishment, calcium lights, included in 1914 but tabulated separately in 1904. « Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual aerations. 6 Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware, not elsewhere specifled." „ ,. . « Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machmes;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "pumps, steam and other power;' fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus," and "structural ironwork, not made m steel works or rolling nulls." 'Includes"saddleryandharness"and"trunksand valises." ,. , j. , . „.„ »j .^^ 8 Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills." "steam ' includes "perfumery and cosmetics.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES-CALIFORNIA. Table 42.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904^Continued. 117 njDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. nroUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SAir FBANCISCO- Continued. Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1396 307 2 361 16 10 24 8 4 4 12 4 8 38 31 44 3,531 3,332 3,603 2,130 1,068 3,465 18 19 •10 63 21 488 341 316 4,116 3,386 83,206 3,094 2,788 1,958 769 2,476 17 21 10 61 16 490 337 272 $4,692 3,156 2,689 2,061 607 2,658 31 28 12 71 15 12,750 8,904 7,688 $15,031 12,201 10,847 4,950 2,100 5,855 87 63 36 176 56 14,661 10,270 9,209 SANFRAirCISCO- Continued. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7 8 13 104 91 *172 14 6 12 309 214 311 47 69 130 874 750 1,253 33 26 32 6,392 4,977 6,872 172 265 $42 55 84 508 424 481 27 22 25 5,040 4,049 4,506 $522 541 689 781 614 652 205 148 141 25,752 21,987 23,362 $717 Tobacco, cigars and cigar- ettes. Window shades and fix- tures. All other industries 807 1,01^; 2,439 1,833 2,028 Shipbuilding, including boat building. 540 1,710 67 69 44 23 51 57 287 222 216 Signs and advertising novelties. 20 19 2,024 1,083 19,339 12,593 38,834 33,649 35,957 Slaughtering and meat packing. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Alaueda Bakebsfield EXIBEKA Feesno Long Beach. Pasadena.... POUONA Redlands.... 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 52 51 30 51 27 57 48 117 76 80 94 51 1,087 915 279 894 746 799 946 2,903 1,938 1,915 885 277 322 224 107 147 3,492 1,526 2,450 910 3,705 3,901 4,080 3,403 2,999 1,450 1,782 379 $1,028 797 241 879 664 605 673 1,511 1,103 1,062 606 207 429 214 152 81 100 $1,003 929 23.S 1,623 1,700 1,217 1,494 12,171 7,992 6,828 1,546 325 230 215 $2,786 2,554 697 2,928 2,819 2,480 3,012 16,520 11,090 9,754 2,945 927 1,972 1,724 825 560 522 518 Riverside San Beenakdino San Diego San Jose , Santa Baebaba. Santa Ceuz Stockton Vallejo 1914 5 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 51909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 51909 1904 1914 1909 52 257 117 225 149 153 47 49 79 34 157 142 110 29 23 838 1,077 729 2,060 1,071 541 2,029 1,399 1,260 276 239 401 274 1,919 1,571 1,333 292 203 7,952 675 1,715 1,411 6,754 3,269 3,847 1,668 837 452 2,831 1,827 5,147 4,971 1,656 1,616 $501 210 825 639 806 392 1,327 871 249 180 266 211 1,604 1,287 904 247 184 $1,093 523 1,420 763 4,582 2,667 1,136 7,146 3,205 2,512 332 439 745 7,432 7,997 6,850 2,046 1,404 $2,307 1,013 2,613 1,660 9,021 4,741 1,974 10,806 5,483 4,298 844 843 1,320 1,161 11,293 11,470 8,029 3,072 1,896 1 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making:" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing " ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "sausage." * Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosures of individual operations. 6 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the cornorate limits of the dty. '^ Digitized by Microsoft® 118 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTSY. WAGE EAENEE3 DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST EEPEESENTATIVB DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. > 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries...'. 10,057 176,547 10,429 6,740 15,625 ]4, 272 139,481 Au 161, 072 Ja 119, Agricultural implements . Artificial flowers Artificial limbs Artificial stone products . . Automobile bodies and parts. Automobiles Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Belting, leather , Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making. Boots and shoes , Boxes, cigars Boxes and cartons, paper , Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products. . Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terrarcotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Sewer pipe and draintile Fire brick and stove lining Tiles, other than draintiles Architectural and fireprooflng terra ootta. Brooms , Brushes, other than toilet and paint Butter Buttons Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables Camied fruits Dried fruits Canning and preserving, oysters Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cement Chemicals China decorating, not including that done in potteries. Cleansing and poUshlng preparsr tions. Cleansing preparations PoUshing preparations and Clothing, men's Men's, youths', and bojis' Contract work, men's youths'. Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks , Shirtwaists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments and petticoats. . Wrappers and house dresses All other Contract work, undergarments, petticoats, and miscellaneous. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. 3 8 94 89 9 479 472 7 60 5 16 6 3 46 1,117 6 1,111 72 47 11 5 4 5 19 174 9 23 205 33 55 117 3 29 11 144 106 38 27 12 43 955 37 45 629 601 384 2,362 2,331 31 351 51 199 43 8 478 734 82 876 1,273 342 6,904 436 6,468 2,646 1,362 569 89 56 570 178 1,328 47 839 12,221 1,194 6,146 4,881 138 65 705 580 125 2,172 12, 130 2,712 330 9 69 23 36 2,382 2,124 258 1,407 424 71 192 199 75 1 Owned power only. 3 6 102 . 3 621 610 11 7 13 14 35 1,367 3 1,364 32 22 2 2 34 7 123 14 15 227 1 34 9 169 130 39 150 113 37 234 29 70 46 61 48 29 151 14 137 60 19 4 2 13 7 2 113 4 48 280 38 124 118 5 2 1 21 19 2 35 26 63 137 1 38 40 6 42 39 28 330 67 263 100 35 31 27 501 270 195 3 358 216 29 12 124 123 1 44 13 15 337 17 15 1 26 15 4 205 5 200 29 1 1 84 2 14 155 11 72 72 464 Au 49S Digitized by Mcmsofti 704 33 29 466 439 292 1,532 1,513 19 244 33 173 26 5 359 617 62 753 1,156 247 4,851 347 4,504 2,387 1,237 510 78 45 517 131 15 747 11,029 1,095 5,665 4,269 84 100 45 492 411 81 11,563 2,420 257 26 6 20 2,037 1,818 219 1,060 358 347 16 122 162 56 Au 1,585 Jy 22 My 275 S6< 35 .Ta ,30 Mv 222 De 87 Ap< 27 No* 25 (h 5 (') 5 iJe 375 Se 330 Mh 672 ?fo 567 Oo< 63 60 No 824 An 700 Se 1,268 Ja 991 Au 268 Mh 225 De 392 ■Ty 329 De 4,611 Fe 4,337 Se Ja Mh< (?) J7 De< Au 1,812 556 100 64 673 135 15 957 36 1,963 Se 2,468 Au 16,331 Oc 10,246 Se 101 Oc Mh< My 443 Ap< 87 Fe 2, 165 Au 12, 718 My 2,901 No 392 (=•) 6 No No 4 Mh 1,895 My 256 Oc Ap 418 366 De 22 Oc 129 Fe 182 Jv< 60 Se 564 De 14 Je< 28 Oc 401 Fe No 414 239 Ja 1,395 Ja< 16 Ja 203 De De Ja ft' De (») Ja Ja Ja 51 36 456 125 15 854 29 100 Ja Ja Je 1, De< My No* De 381 Fe 76 Se 2,040 My 10,812 De 1,827 Fe 157 (?) 6 Ap* De 1,525 Mh* 200 Ja Jy Fe Fe Ja Fe Fe 306 319 10 112 147 49 450 W 14 31 558 442 272 1,585 1,566 19 235 32 225 26 5 372 585 62 801 1,221 5,065 382 4,683 2,268 1,211 463 75 38 481 136 16 38 1,768 29,767 3,405 16,258 10,104 92 101 47 472 391 81 2,136 11,313 2,499 384 6 30 22 1,984 1,758 1,121 401 367 21 129 143 60 472 (') 878 5 31 556 428 268 1,580 1,561 19 140 32 76 26 3 184 408 32 281 1,156 245 175 3,809 2,250 1,206 463 75 37 135 15 21 982 11,478 1,407 5,054 5,017 90 80 47 470 389 81 2,136 11,311 2,499 6 16 422 317 105 412 226 63 12 63 22 (?) 95 186 162 28 510 1,047 206 841 13 1 12 1 1 39 17 786 16,518 1,557 9,904 5,057 2 21 1,550 1,429 121 709 175 304 121 34 173 (?) 80 359 12 (») 1,320 361 941 18 $736,105,455 1,626,547 23,700 39,999 829,235 636,011 1,379,4% 2,065,988 2,043,300 22,688 597, 142 293,767 241,735 191,535 20,080 461,792 919,704 64,302 1,090,543 2,453,042 620,679 8,934,153 616,149 8,318,004 9,643,708 4,562,172 2,659,208 404,585 68,742 1,949,001 158,353 28,702 3,949,112 28,747 2, 118, 170 23,004,755 3,023,427 13,127,029 6,854,299 756,156 87,488 64,012 1,187,452 984,493 202,959 2,937,287 5,527,280 32,279,871 2,922,284 2,425 ia5,106 33,901 71,205 1,926,642 1,911,119 15,523 1,087,549 316,254 331,050 107,085 171,535 155,365 6,260 3,618,742 !d power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 119 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWBB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal , revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- tcrnai- com- bus- tion en- glnes.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 115,219,871 115,438 1,331 44,585 53,214 73,666 73,666 43,970 43,036 11,900 12,600 1,200 41,306 53,080 6,980 84,914 112,116 63,074 378,221 36,329 341,892 245,018 106,630 58,870 9,600 300 69,618 6,576 3,230 171,016 5,700 87, 735 654,223 79,689 306,059 268,475 4,600 4,500 2,500 3,654 64,315 262,658 44,131 4,321 1,800 2,521 63,967 63,417 550 63,300 25,627 9,415 7,380 20,878 179,430 $20,010,139 $105,612,681 $3,762,013 $5,613,653 174,178 1,200 3,980 18,210 26,781 61,330 79,051 78,310 741 23,200 9,673 5,850 10,948 28,131 49,849 5,148 60,376 53,853 27,603 401,216 78,066 323, 160 152,460 47,532 46,527 3,670 2,471 62,260 2,830 2,075 150,040 1,040 47,772 683,021 49,157 340,839 293,025 2.387 780 15,294 12,162 3,142 48,320 426,526 284,338 36,865 7,947 5,114 2,833 121,995 121,695 300 65,633 18,631 18,831 9,000 520 18,651 477,338 566,099 23,314 26,289 365,933 231,146 1,446,836 1,431,802 15,034 168,539 27,659 85,183 23,774 2,637 227,035 396,471 31,087 370,510 734,148 230,009 3,858,505 168,305 3,690,200 1,703,993 810,037 414,899 69,626 28,072 391,469 71,765 11,710 806,337 12,963 324,607 4,714,436 477,652 2,815,776 1,421,108 35,564 57,787 39,983 417,127 348, 732 68,395 1,609,088 9,616,034 1,759,039 184,488 3,756 15,943 3,301 12,642 1,028,676 904,428 124,248 611,227 266,221 191,191 8,250 61,534 75,311 18,720 308,537 600 429 12,328 15,116 23,288 23,188 100 1,064 500 1,580 1,193 6,222 6,222 17,742 6,444 9,798 1,500 280 12, 778 600 9,362 283,904 202,346 65,692 15,866 1,013 6,705 6,630 76 621 260 250 121,834 121,266 668 34,697 6,132 870 27,445 260 3,700 5,105 300 5,204 14,590 70,413 23,374 249,159 244,739 4,420 20,648 4,965 17,692 7,660 1,320 25,896 12,564 1,835 44,862 40,360 21,272 668,732 20,662 548,070 20,150 5,060 13,120 150 808 1,012 5,525 1,044 70,724 4,385 14,286 76,897 2,036 6,332 68,629 3,613 5,549 47,008 38,803 8,205 128 6,048 1,140 8,032 1,627 6,405 85,942 78,757 7,185 70,920 24,671 18,903 5,432 8,402 12,552 960 101,002 $8,109,938 27,109 195 168 4,421 3,819 8,402 16,032 15,800 232 5,699 1,440 1,250 1,095 81 3,863 7,218 329 4,792 14,811 62,151 3,866 58,285 78,621 40,157 15,251 1,168 327 21,718 790 242 30,928 168 27,066 121,312 20,904 67,954 32,454 1,866 274 9,001 7,449 1,552 19,894 27,763 99,208 14,660 26 559 506 53 12,321 12,296 26 7,056 1,040 3,528 243 493 1,733 19 14,921 $432,039,273 866,360 13,620 16,671 467,644 401,767 806,646 952,707 937,006 15, 701 706,411 447,939 292,500 168,446 9,301 204,584 1,244,121 59,037 694,418 2,064,466 463,917 11,860,755 628,042 11,332,713 661, 722 265,203 219,420 44,097 15,233 117, 769 172,719 30, 195 16,577,120 13,544 1,338,282 41,633,604 2,567,724 12,419,364 26,646,426 112,949 10, 749 40,073 420,211 355,345 64,866 1,493,774 6,458,633 1,585,943 853,290 6,050 94,201 73,366 20,835 2,635,662 2,529,656 5,906 1,371,062 660,933 388,019 100,915 89,764 230,131 1,290 7,411,616 14,470 10,886 56,918 56,023 896 3,353 5,282 4,128 1,189 4,818 9,238 1,370 12,453 19,091 23,289 375,430 11,468 363,962 693,477 344,044 177,501 32,226 6,513 133,193 1,660 186,112 870 16, 195 270,059 34,028 151, 778 84,253 2,145 1,870 2,089 34, 702 28,282 6,420 28,243 546,613 1,795,136 80, 159 504 1,095 105 990 16,413 14,445 1,968 9,529 3,402 2,550 270 1,375 1,356 576 47,802 $712,800,764 1, 1, 962,236 44,722 70,220 186,618 206,660 263,183 871,794 820,086 51, 708 123,503 640,690 451,648 267,424 22,225 730,074 1,891,356 123,924 1,451,047 3,538,073 951,309 21,855,181 1,051,776 20,803,405 4,319,349 1,974,768 1,040,240 186,451 68,904 1,049,996 296,366 62,046 18,899,200 48, 628 2, 745, 779 54,425,007 4,012,240 19,136,380 31,276,387 172,694 124, 194 112,889 1,270,978 1,061,516 209,462 3,283,619 17,199,717 7,699,306 1,524,411 14,535 231,724 143,670 88,054 4,728,896 4,534,675 194,220 2,732,867 1,078,720 798,462 170,647 206,662 460,316 28,160 9,584,469 > No figures shown for reason given in th( PMm^M" Midrosqm $265,326,233 491,025 207,695 17,146 7,450 258,734 32,610 1,061,927 31,022 54,075 715,366 789,423 435,651 2,862,169 2,827,057 35,112 413,739 187,469 154,920 87,789 12,924 520,672 637,997 63,517 744,176 1,464,516 464,103 9,618,996 512,266 9,106,730 2,964,160 1,365,511 643,319 109,128 47,158 799,034 121,987 31,642 2,135,968 34,214 1,391,302 12,621,444 1,410,488 6,665,248 4,546,708 67,500 111,575 70,727 816,065 677,889 138,176 1,761,602 10,194,471 4,318,227 590,962 8,981 136,428 70,199 66,229 2,176,920 1,990,574 186,346 1,352,286 614,385 407,893 69,362 115,523 218,829 26,294 2,125,041 1,533 242 182 1,109 19 356 696 761 2,496 2,484 12 182 85 287 47 19 225 668 761 2,219 2,207 12 170 85 124 47 4 22 108 28 277 277 12 165 8 203 475 51 484 4,281 400 3,686 259 3,326 12,453 8,014 1,787 635 177 1,840 75 20 4,167 33 845 8,341 1,487 3,377 3,477 113 101 99 1,050 854 196 3,981 16,262 46,550 1,521 203 375 45 434 1,629 368 3,062 179 2,883 7,019 6,159 ""256' 259 "'259' 299 10 265 ""■4' 20 ■■■■29' 66 40 16 10 '"'ioe' 1,198 100 ■■2;385' 375 80 295 5,235 2,715 1,778 430 12 300 6 60 267 32 144 4 144 199 140 9 50 4 155 165 1,540 73 20 2,368 28 514 4,000 629 1,663 1,708 10 96 95 941 800 141 3,856 9,151 46,495 269 2 1,578 ""25i' 4,134 804 1,669 1,671 2 7 6 1 125 6,964 36 1,185 176 5 80 207 54 55 98 103 3 4 98 44 54 46 i 4 86 20 67 61 28 8 20 495 462 33 222 66 76 7 22 44 8 1,332 28 8 20 368 335 33 222 66 75 7 22 44 8 1,182 35 35 171 - 127 127 160 ,?, , ^ ^ ^^ , ,,, ^ number reported for one or more other months. 6 Same number reported throughout the year. »"v"i-ud. 120 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 16, OK NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- Wd- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day o£— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Cofflns, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream e.. Cooperage . , Copper, tin, and sheot-iron work Cordials and Qavoring sirups and Cutlery and edge tools Dairymen's, poultrymen's, apiarists' supplies. Incubators and brooders Dairymen's and apiarists' sup- plies. Dental goods Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, ^as, and water Engraving and diesmking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Envelopes Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- iiod. Beadwork Celluloid, metal, and paper novelties. Wood novelties All other Feathers and plumes Fertilizers Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Flour- mill and gristmill products . . . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, such as cereals and table foods. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noo- dles. Meat products, sausage casings, and sirups. Other food products — For human consumption . - For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Rattan and willow Metal Store and office fixtures Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric fixtures All other Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Hinges and other builders' hard- ware. AH other, exclusive of locks 10 183 124 69 25 364 8 6 10 6 4 13 28 4 10 8 16 6 23 132 181 12 50 10 438 19 10 153 213 2,766 2,367 389 387 1,814 41 24 89 51 38 54 188 1,024 116 1,024 52 167 74 166 36 19 78 123 269 128 149 1,532 1,399 143 363 142 647 104 6,754 141 594 6,019 172 298 1,977 698 198 349 732 673 21 667 95 3,977 36 228 665 93 177 170 121 206 141 66 27 383 6 4 11 4 3 4 16 83 201 6 84 102 1 6 26 424 17 10 166 92 15 2 67 49 3 43 3 1 4 43 13 23 11 17 122 109 14 16 10 348 174 7 23 255 232 23 13 11 91 2 122 1 3 19 7 2 40 7 30 216 108 6 ~16 492 4 29 105 38 15 11 41 16 1,260 3 102 89 13 9 43 1 6 4 154 16 17 37 12 6 7 12 40 3 32 6 236 149 2,104 1,839 265 316 1,246 22 19 62 36 26 37 116 780 813 35 126 61 226 140 11 53 90 196 105 1,067 938 82 243 106 439 68 5,273 113 613 4,647 126 233 1,601 631 167 322 591 436 12 362 62 2,317 21 147 422 66 62 102 132 92 Ja 167 De Se Oo Jy An' 2,178 331 425 1,271 Mh3 22 Fe My 3 Ap3 38 Mh 136 My 887 Ap Fe Oo Oc Je 77 979 35 152 De Se' De Mh Mil Ap Au 235 14 66 118 259 132 96 1,249 254 143 No 711 Au3 98 Se 125 De » 546 Je 6, 066 Oc 171 No 296 Se 140 Ja 1,658 Ja 196 Ap 280 Oc 1,222 Mh' 13 Au 13 Au De Oc8 36 De 90 Ja 671 64 681 35 115 53 Ja Jy Jas Ja Au« My De Ap8 Ap 71 18 9 37 64 161 71 62 967 Fes My 8 Fe My Fe 76 237 76 291 37 Mh 608 Fe 190 Se 361 Ja 701 Mh3 14 Au 372 De 78 My 2,412 Se 26 Ja Ja De 153 488 81 64 104 De 98 Fe 470 De 4,061 Je 86 Fe 204 128 263 500 Je 9 Je 343 Mh 53 De 2,212 No 16 Mh 137 De Jys Ap3 Se 352 61 61 100 147 2,403 2,127 276 316 1,281 23 18 58 19 90 721 76 721 36 142 66 241 136 28 11 66 87 178 85 124 1, 130 1,218 83 243 92 706 96 4,962 104 545 4,313 156 1,772 661 167 331 613 461 13 371 77 2,246 27 149 440 63 65 104 124 93 118 835 640 195 315 1,256 12 18 57 .39 18 34 29 602 76 714 34 103 20 32 4 7 18 16 178 26 47 1,069 887 49 217 78 448 96 4,927 104 646 4,278 52 48 1,730 641 162 320 607 432 11 346 75 2,244 25 146 182 63 6 87 124 93 1,389 1,309 80 1 17 11 61 215 209 132 25 4 48 71 68 77 62 312 33 24 11 244 20 20 102 236 28 19 6 2 2 18 2 14 2 258 6 14 8 2 92 Ja 105 Je 81 49 3 5 1 40 Fe 48 Se 33 31 I 31 1 Owned power only. ^ Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 111 111 $1,351,543 4,760,546 3,512,257 1,248,289 1,658,867 2,657,466 211,426 22,928 304,958 244,391 60,567 11,495 280, 777 2,027,484 91,046 4,188,928 25,880 106,283 183,572 124,519 47,036 14,812 11,280 51,391 181,009 2,834,047 112^015 281, 290 11,851,334 3,553,432 749,848 666,579 436,452 1,198,733 602,820 20,616,788 217,976 1,603,618 18, 795, 194 369,928 662,537 3,661,962 966,923 149,015 1,427,840 1,118,184 1,470,905 29,395 1,314,650 126,860 96, 147, 128 81,907 378,380 353,293 ■<4,165 261,179 242,049 190,324 51,725 I MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 121 EXPENSES. Value of products Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ol power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines." Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $25,100 180,712 140,381 40,331 63,807 145,017 6,150 5,530 4,060 1,470 1,500 25,060 98,673 2,376 156,290 2,000 9,885 7,612 14,602 8,300 600 2,845 2,857 8,600 56,901 6,462 '23,000 228,856 153,617 31,676 32,489 21,250 50,118 18,084 767,196 22,376 53,406 681,414 29,460 19,490 135,560 42,832 8,030 21,000 63,698 104,514 1,640 81, 360 21, 014 342,625 6,960 31,425 60,190 13,000 2,400 29,588 30,370 22, 970 7,400 $38,677 310,413 284,469 25,954 34,818 76,408 12,068 10,771 6,251 4,620 634 62,661 162,272 2,804 175,513 1,370 5,448 7,044 30,622 24,940 615 450 4,617 18,366 58,108 11,630 32,848 266,872 138,515 45,268 19,421 17,645 39,704 16,477 824,780 9,358 16,095 799,327 16,657 31,888 132,605 39,459 15, 876 20,664 56, 606 131, 266 2,016 107, 933 21,318 909,615 1,840 12, 916 87,056 6,268 6,392 37,378 7,782 7,662 120 $110,726 1,112,268 909,221 203,047 262,418 1,221,012 16,932 16,746 43,356 26,216 17, 140 25,581 58,127 471,555 57,990 732,626 25,458 92,064 28,783 86,082 47,398 11,605 5,954 21,125 52, 173 158,440 53,782 37,211 811,811 548,720 54,119 153,835 75,474 217,683 47,609 4,814,348 109,498 482,128 4,222,722 94,033 117,343 1,429,835 463,629 119, 710 264,410 682,086 343, 695 6,829 282, 170 54,696 2,022,861 18,512 129,793 202,609 58,982 39,468 75,437 79,523 62,851 16, 672 Same number $4,299 6,288 4,816 1,472 161 17,836 10,000 1,146 4,760 250 400 4,094 836 1,560 1,709 450 14,167 735 13,031 7,272 2,177 3,582 141,161 418 7,267 133,478 158 75 38,445 8,602 480 185 29,278 2,397 285 2,112 140,505 2,260 681 1,802 664 1,248 reported $8,418 206,233 169,636 36,698 14,541 116,488 3,870 360 1,220 5,010 11,340 35,618 10,662 19,362 4,920 14,009 7,111 10,312 2,260 2,640 1,342 4,070 3,445 21,008 7,364 12,071 18,295 74,038 7,110 33,399 3,160 27,387 2,992 229,366 11,160 22,018 196, 188 30,796 16,804 138,117 38, 716 12, 446 31,690 55,365 49, 677 1,485 39,342 8,850 4,626 4,676 17, 426 11, 906 1,440 8,330 29,377 6,209 4,805 1,404 for one or $9,009 28,080 20,731 7,349 8,763 20,901 1,465 74 1,604 1,111 393 71 1,624 10,702 395 22,626 89 616 769 719 307 195 111 106 4,246 15,285 309 1.926 83,923 18,860 4,677 3,255 3,374 6,451 1,093 114,684 1,268 6,682 106,744 1,807 4,036 19,716 6,711 1,108' 5,964 5,933 9,739 102 8,972 665 608,478 390 3,316 5,192 1,964 369 1,593 1,393 $384,892 4,260,619 3,196,766 1,063,753 1,609,370 2, 173, 119 245,014 6,092 124,994 67,685 67,309 69,078 626,809 1,635,217 1,399,4S7 13,363 60,304 121,334 118,419 36,017 8,340 3,565 70,497 36,847 1,837,604 142,638 214,771 19,310,410 6,979,930 984,066 732,983 515,312 2,914,124 863,445 7,477,186 176,480 399,439 6,901,267 198,440 439,281 1,803,654 549, 494 109, 276 462,260 692, 625 879, 138 30,831 559, 718 88,689 656,698 18,914 247, 142 453, 797 302,317 28,670 82,786 96,460 78,620 Qimam « $4,112 93,903 63,180 30,723 13,946 22,136 1,486 1,236 2,696 969 1,637 314 3,660 26,041 8,460 29,960 265 1,464 1,302 281 67 436 518 1,094 22,056 773 2,162 193,364 77,923 9,763 24,362 6,491 26,901 10,426 386,661 6,738 62,922 318,001 1,391 1,995 53, 789 15,596 633 17,323 20, 238 11,109 296 9,392 1,421 ,766,373 1,316 5,337 3,769 16,392 379 2,464 21, 130 19, 961 $616,906 7,845,440 5,863,570 1,781,870 2,241,949 4,695,143 471,160 33,905 261,618 160,898 100,620 141,140 767,329 2,861,653 172,714 2,709,907 68,742 236,540 203,000 371,634 175,668 36,600 20,678 138,888 158,832 2,330,761 264,206 439, 193 24,078,735 8,010,713 1,291,185 1,261,834 739,400 3,684,408 1,033,886 17,478,190 406,072 1,179,790 15,892,328 509,291 849,844 4,482,508 1,350,134 348, 884 1,089,990 1,693,600 1, 494, 966 60, 140 1, 230, 586 214, 241 13,678,367 60, 769 650, 738 950,679 438,351 120, 463 334,680 286,646 216, 144 ■osnnt . $226,901 3,291,018 2,603,624 687,394 618,633 2,399,888 224,060 27,577 123,928 82,254 41,674 71,748 236,870 1,301,396 134,925 ,280,500 66,114 174,253 80,202 251,913 139,370 28,093 18,677 67,873 121,891 471,201 120,795 222,270 :, 674, 961 ,952,860 317,366 504,499 217,597 743,383 170,015 9,614,343 223,854 717,429 8,673,060 309,460 408,568 2,626,065 786, 045 238,976 620, 407 980, 637 804, 719 19,013 661, 475 124,231 10,156,296 40,540 298, 269 493, 113 119, 642 91,604 249,331 167, 956 117,663 248 2,220 1,226 994 1,161 904 52 33 142 71 71 U 72 1,116 248 1,721 U 60 68 64 10 3 19 22 12 1,686 17 117 13,374 3,622 628 740 412 887 966 13,668 331 1,010 12,327 23 68 3,616 1,214 36 742 1,625 976 16 911 49 22,054 63 143 68 338 7 85 397 363 34 248 1,864 916 948 726 861 52 31 102 71 31 11 72 1,054 246 1,184 11 45 68 45 10 3 10 22 12 1,286 17 117 7,404 2,602 378 527 97 685 915 10,947 291 967 9,699 23 68 2,706 1,064 35 342 1.265 975 15 911 49 9,609 63 89 52 235 7 85 387 363 34 98 98 "4 2 ""is?" 1 1 ■"'i92' ; 73 ; 13 c 60 : ....... ; 1,835 • 9 16 ; 1,811 ■■■"is" 2 30 30 331 306 25 429 21 -■■■-■ 6 43 4 4 40' 2 40 60 12 3 537 5 9 9 206 96 4,677 931 250 213 300 128 40 1,901 40 40 1,821 647 82 646 7 16 67 7 730 90 13 717 "■"96" 760 110 50 40 400 250 10 11,648 797 ' 20 83" 34 6 20 10 10 50,393 le number reported throughout the year. 122 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 4=3.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTEY. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 Hardware, saddlery 3 15 6 3 16 15 5 10 95 3 11 5 6 7 4 7 98 6 3 3 12 14 29 7 13 69 202 14 27 209 375 3 143 49 42 8 18 5 11 175 9 14 40 17 8 16 31 104 41 16 38 7 28 58 14 44 8 11 3 5 3 Bdpow 3 144 69 13 484 77 29 48 1,415 6 89 25 64 1,362 44 417 920 39 15 24 28 160 1,512 239 147 1,926 2,129 923 208 16,142 7,357 91 1,602 809 507 67 313 72 65 668 234 115 168 41 119 159 523 454 1,368 58 3,379 40 295 1,134 459 675 146 211 144 61 6 sr only. 3 18 2 3 10 16 6 10 32 4 11 3 8 2 2 227 6 3 3 16 17 15 5 5 40 194 3 22 207 292 39 164 33 61 9 23 9 10 205 2 11 50 19 5 12 11 74 22 10 14 10 34 61 19 42 7 12 2 9 Dig $2,555 114,071 54,407 6,675 871,349 107,973 62,826 45,147 15,985,843 5,225 229,896 28,246 201,650 4,459,888 176,521 1,316,644 1,192,332 58,920 5,825 53,095 27,175 140,304 9,560,152 770,129 2,344,848 21,557,012 22,872,744 2,001,572 261,004 53,519,376 24,599,343 1,071,729 3,588,567 1,803,450 543,006 73,849 384,765 56,968 27,424 1,438,560 1,648,346 181,082 119,137 42,787 359,023 287,612 ■2,303,547 1,242,688 4,966,871 168,506 30,596,711 32,616 276,203 3,327,967 1,038,896 2,289,071 271,480 342,641 183,419 149,475 9,747 2 3 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, tur-telt 8 7 1 14 8 2 6 122 18 1 1 33 3 3 ■"■94' 3 1 1 22 6 1 5 28 1 1 1 "'io' 1 11 23 2 1 1 1 5 23 1 4 22 44 36 9 79 118 1 18 29 13 3 7 2 1 12 13 4 1 2 2 9 19 48 17 11 25 14 23 9 14 5 1 "i' 97 58 7 405 44 17 27 1,139 1 58 16 42 1,244 35 343 627 27 10 17 11 119 1,361 213 112 1,512 1,602 766 155 15,087 6,109 34 1,294 654 406 38 262 64 51 363 179 86 102 20 94 75 372 192 1,167 ' 20 1,930 23 201 896 386 510 120 177 132 41 4 Se 103 No 66 My« 12 De 442 Fe 92 Je 49 No» 4 Jy 377 106 58 6 435 49 19 30 1,122 1 59 18 41 1,347 33 339 675 28 11 17 13 117 1,362 231 130 1,476 1,987 809 165 19,318 6,008 36 1,335 681 433 38 271 66 58 375 180 90 104 22 105 77 363 205 1,382 19 1,526 23 203 1,465 449 1,006 107 180 135 41 4 3r than ( 57 33 3 65 38 12 26 1,121 1 55 17 38 1,346 33 339 605 27 10 17 12 69 1,359 230 129 1,475 1,965 666 157 19,197 5,983 36 1,332 688 127 9 91 12 15 368 180 88 90 22 92 76 336 121 1,380 8 1,525 14 196 688 124 464 106 176 135 40 1 ileetric. 47 25 3 367 10 6 4 2 4 Hats, straw. . . 5 1 1 1 2 fi House-tumishing goods, not else- where specified. Feather pillows and beds 7 8 De 19 Jy 29 Au 1,328 (') 1 Jy 15 Ja 23 Ja 880 (') 1 q Ice, manutactured 1 in Ink, writing . . 11 Instruments, protessional and scien- tific. Medical and surgical. . 11 5 6 24 5 20 19 4 1 3 8 8 84 1 41 24 3 1 2 1 1 p Mh 18 Au 52 Ja 1,339 Fe 39 Jy 378 Ja 687 Se8 15 De8 36 My 1,136 Se« 32 Oc 299 Au 555 13 14 All other, exclusive of optical. . . Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron and steel, wrought pipe Jewelry 1 H 16 17 58 11 1 1 1 18 Lamps. .... 19 Jas 12 De 26 No 3 12 Oo 146 Mh 1,429 Je 242 Oc 147 Jy 1,588 Oc 2,705 No 818 No 173 Je 20,560 Je 6,452 Se3 36 Oc 1,420 Oo 706 Jy" 9 My 13 Ap3 10 Ja 97 Oc 1,260 De 173 Jy 88 Ja 1,437 Jy 1,137 Ja 722 Je8 145 De 8,037 De 5,617 Ja 24 Ja 1, 114 My 600 ?fl Other lamps, exclusive of car- riage and wagon lamps. Lapidary work. . . ?1 1 58 3 1 1 1 22 142 8 91 4 W. Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. 8 70 13 12 150 158 31 4 267 313 9 56 52 16 2 9 2 3 60 15 5 11 11 43 7 14 202 131 - 87 18 502 525 8 70 41 22 6 12 5 "■"28' 25 9 4 n 94 il5 Liquors, distilled, rum and brandies. ?6 '7 Liquors, vinous W 1 M Looking-glass and picture frames. . . Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing mill products, not including planing mills con- 30 31 30 21 W Malt i3 ""93' 304 28 180 54 42 5 3 M Mattresses and spring beds i"; Millinery and lace goods 2 1 i6 !7 Embroideries, djess and cloak trimmings, braids, and fringes. Trimmed hats and hat frames. . Women's neckwear No 41 Mh 398 De 80 No 63 Jy 417 Au 220 A.n' 89 Au 109 Oc^ 32 Jy ' 104 My 77 Je 401 Mh 203 Jy 1,345 Oc 26 Mh 2,250 Jy 29 Ja 215 Ja 35 Je 162 Jy 38 Fe 41 Fe 322 Ja 126 Fe 80 Mh3 97 Mh3 18 No 76 De 73 Mh 345 Se" 185 Ja 936 Je 16 De 1,516 Ja 12 Au 191 ,8 ^9 Another 1 2 in Mineral and soda waters 11 Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos, or- gans, and materials. :2 2 10 13 14 4 15 9 15 47 71 90 8 86 5 21 63 11 42 9 12 5 6 itizi 9 48 74 69 72 9 1,324 2 25 101 34 67 5 9 5 4 13 '"'27' 81 2 11 1 8 7 851 310 541 1 4 fi 1 t7 Faints 18 19 Patent medicines and compounds . . Paving materials 3 in Perfumery and cosmetics .1 Petroleum , refining )2 .3 Photographic apparatus, excluding motion-picture machines. Photo-engraving 1 4 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 1 1 ■""i4" 14 1 Oo 552 De 983 Au 132 Mh 99 My 268 De 105 Pickles and sauces. . 7 Plumbers' suppUes, not elsewhere Pottery 8 9 1 My 3 135 Ap » 48' De iio Ja 20 ^<) 4 £power, oth i" 3 ■ Own 3dt oyl vlioms(^^ MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 123 EXPENSES. Value of products Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. S12, 423 7,960 1,040 51,670 12,601 5,500 7,101 21;^ 397 16,040 6,600 9,440 68,791 9,900 55,420 37,452 7,005 2,000 5,005 10,760 180,759 22,173 32,270 500, 727 262,409 90,600 5,800 791,968 661,773 36,733 121,616 111,340 42,606 6,000 23,601 6,095 6,810 72,564 29.399 7,200 19,695 20,610 35,797 96,767 141,387 152,943 8,725 229,756 7,760 108,747 27,978 80,769 14,910 17,806 10,428 6,078 1,300 $15,731 767 41,245 5,958 3,376 2,582 124,648 360 8,050 900 7,150 93,232 1,080 63,782 33,670 1,000 520 480 350 8,904 86,454 7,463 16,150 270,199 188,055 177, 740 22,854 569,153 671,167 17, 167 86,596 65,879 23,321 4,260 14,755 3,906 400 27,074 34,276 15,765 6,104 340 13,122 42,982 85,328 119,303 64,711 11,572 1,567,920 2,350 37,483 154,554 50,846 103,708 10,256 7,368 3,240 4,128 *64, 137 39,428 2,728 197, 151 34,276 10, 132 24,144 982,026 1,040 40,326 12,240 28,086 1,059,300 33,654 266,412 553,329 19,686 6,240 13,446 10,538 54,658 1,007,256 130, 444 98,926 1,773,060 817, 127 660 932 128, 951 10,912,161 5,444,690 44, 616 1,231,112 489,922 230,084 17,087 164,380 21,557 27,060 290,806 151,732 88,511 74,342 17,226 73,935 69,270 291,716 114,589 956, 076 7,371 1,715,830 15,806 229,807 411, 121 158,011 253. 110 113,503 191,280 157,000 32,373 1,907 $750 592 3,700 3,700 476 - 700 19,500 8,448 100 lOO 35 1,540 5,302 1,859 27,158 98,720 24,343 2,275 462,480 31,258 3,200 80,634 4,116 4,370 720 3,600 50 341 1,500 250 1,090 5,185 4,808 3,376 133, 479 1,100 5,435 27,860 50O 27,360 4,654 1,283 1300 8,324 4,315 1,560 14,447 7,630 4,620 3,010 15,321 1,100 7,180 3,780 3,400 3,970 1,236 1,533 49,517 3,388 1,629 1,759 3,474 10,556 1,956 90 70 67,617 172,044 43,693 22,229 3,611 211,635 40, 737 44,615 44,246 5,^2 27,904 2,670 8,020 38,254 1,500 16,660 15,951 3,030 2,470 20,567 39,163 42,352 68,806 4,417 14,451 3,832 23,414 13,621 4,530 9,091 2,591 793 228 386 180 SI 200 206 96 3,888 887 450 437 115,802 20 1,293 242 1,061 24,826 1,194 8,863 5,284 190 40 150 183 778 33,219 4,303 1, 723, 712 1,438,591 578,780 6,251 2,271 483,007 146,019 5,777 20,264 11, 933 3,218 202 2,694 166 256 11,094 6,442 1,062 550 287 2,050 1,150 10,634 10, 263 20,696 1,406 176, 170 140 2,184 19,678 6,530 13,048 2,526 2,134 651 (500 115,349 89,774 6,235 419,928 120, 151 83,570 36,581 337, 111 2,764 49,604 21,045 28,669 2,446,085 43,381 801, 166 482,712 21,461 5,741 15,720 142,693 7,782,646 56,742 909,704 3,513,026 6,726,584 916,341 170, 704 6,620,087 16,420,312 650,896 1, 449, 088 1,387,980 536,200 71,272 368,555 73,882 22,491 474. 810 177, 152 241,417 46,429 14, 933 130,322 189,245 2,682,118 685, 099 2,323,134 63,741 36,648,836 7,651 72,032 2, 294, 836 1,074,889 1, 219, 947 186, 276 80,927 71,932 $18 1,736 1,875 205 3,931 3,393 3,104 289 588,963 18 2,313 954 1,359 227,382 10,456 16,369 18,061 1,621 528 1,093 425 565 75,654 59,273 48,868 267,316 102, 158 14, 033 1,393 191,564 211,337 21,376 59, 461 30, 702 8,164 6,224 588 1,013 15, 321 36,538 4,700 4,042 205 2,095 2,829 36,301 7,806 178,288 140 1,620,981 214 7,263 26,367 11,602 14,765 21,040 31,209 22,033 A7; * Same number reported for one or more other months. 308,860 _a. ^n lijoo* ^.a, UOO OUO, DiOl 211,653 $3,800 273,556 156,623 18,063 902,211 214,295 129,646 84,650 3,587,334 7,476 156,120 55,391 100,729 4,213,736 121, 104 1,476,891 1,519,493 58,664 21, 181 37,483 39, 496 288,979 10,020,739 315,548 3,049,552 12, 460, 478 11,299,858 2,351,051 473,780 22,973,245 26,100,666 938, 055 3,633,417 2,447,607 1,127,538 141,666 749,337 129,296 107,240 1,390,518 459, 118 436,533 230, 766 65,381 252,246 447,841 3 801, 204 1, 573, 783 4,512,846 154, 799 55,527,651 72, 778 575, 118 3 819,469 1,609,458 2, 210, Oil 482, 186 420,996 306,618 $3,282 156, 471 64,874 11,623 478,352 90,751 42,971 47, 780 2,661,260 4,693 104,203 33,392 70,811 1,540,269 67,268 659,356 1,018,720 35,582 14,912 20,670 32,628 145,731 2, 162, 440 199,533 2,090,980 8,680,137 4,471,116 1,420,677 301,683 16,161,594 9,469,017 266,783 2,124,868 1,028,825 583, 174 70,055 374,568 54,826 83,736 900, 387 245, 428 190,416 180,296 50,243 119,829 256,767 1,083,785 980,879 2,011,424 90, 918 17,357,834 65, 013 l.i 495,823 ,498,266 622,967 975, 299 274, 870 69 69 15 1 106 288 228 60 4,836 'i,"i95' 16 1 1 146 291 3' 3 40 231 60 20,411 14,871 448 256 80 80 18 62 3,500 5 958 567 31 11 20 10 12 1,327 30 108 2,973 2,928 773 51 1,092 15,337 439 3,007 1,358 67 6 34 9 18 •575 513 145 359 9 89 43 1,254 259 10,244 11,387 10 236 454 103 361 224 239 197 36 6 3' 802 93 1,178 249 '"'33' 9,002 4,627 ""xm 57 . ; 56 ; i' ' ""m 12 "'366' ""v£' '"'i4i' ""ioo" 100 18 62 6,833 379 3,133 374 200 968 675 31 8 11 20 11 12 1 3,676 220 698 9,781 7,873 783 2,337 140 535 6,776 4,142 10 12 50 55 3 798 "■■'29' 5 51 66,169 36,066 729 64,278 17,500 290 635 80 75 261 2,219 538 10 4,131 1,479 142 389 41 100 6 109 75 9 18 847 913 145 76 200 193 200 4- 359 9 89 43 1,564 460 12,868 66 22,309 10 250 105 1,955 "6," 798' 60 96 669 60 3,734 ■i,'396' 236 1,293 308 985 285 548 357 672 199 473 305 160 145 97 6 91 61 4 70 '"'76' 181 10 4 < Same number reported throughout the year. 124 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDtrSTET. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. PEE30NS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Majdmum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing. . Book publishing without print- ing. Linotype work and typesetting. Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Printing ayd publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing, without printing . . . Printing materials Pumps, notincludingpower pumps. Pumps, Steam and other power Steam pumps Other power Refrigerators ReeaUa and society badges and em- blems. Roofing materials , other than metal . Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Saddlery and harness Salt Shipbuilding , iron and steel New vessels Repair work Shlpbmlding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Repair work Small boats Masts, spars, oars, and the rig- ging 01 vessels. Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties . Electric signs Other signs Advertising novelties Silversmi thing and silverware. . Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap Springs, steel Stamped ware and bathtubs Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Steam packing Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotiTJing. Stoves and hot-air tumaces Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sugar, beet Surgical appliances Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes Upholstering materials . Varnishes Vinegar and cider Vinegar Cider Wall plaster Window and door screens Window shades and fixtures-. 631 584 6 23 18 4 822 67 631 234 3 9 11 107 22 27 -5 3 3 14 5 9 13 70 12 19 363 4,685 4,225 92 195 173 10 3,611 4,597 692 17 85 387 349 38 37 15 448 292 487 449 95 3,291 2,829 462 439 326 23 67 23 509 76 247 90 132 25 16 3,017 40O 110 158 91 24 25 10 27 367 269 88 77 1,787 2,366 62 2,352 42 314 9 36 41 80 56 24 118 131 130 1 Owned power only. 673 627 6 17 23 6 776 36 571 169 1 112 30 41 20 600 235 209 3 14 4£0 98 256 96 2 6 27 22 5 5 1 31 116 33 231 21 116 7 1 2,614 1,590 818 206 94 30 65 38 3 131 114 17 16 11 1 2 1 22 2 14 8 4 2 1 600 72 7 9 1 3 92 265 1 144 1 24 223 282 121 2 4 14 12 2 12 3,172 2,984 68 130 2 1,664 2,670 59 307 284 23 19 306 226 347 3,096 2,662 434 361 276 19 48 18 431 50 166 65 86 15 9 2,172 244 80 139 67 15 19 5 20 285 225 60 1,534 2,009 34 1,607 29 228 4 26 20 72 De 3,046 Ja 61 No 3 137 n 2 Mh 1,690 Oc 2,744 Mh 77 My 338 3e' 24 My 24 (<) 9 Ja Oc 337 245 Mh 288 Oc 439 De 63 Ja 3,041 Jy 545 Fe i7 De ly Fe Ja 323 497 61 An 71 Ap 96 De 32 {<) 9 Mh 2,251 Se Oc Jy Oc My" Apa ^) Oc 257 87 150 104 16 Ja Oc De 249 77 62 Au 1,643 Oc No Api My 4,167 37 1,581 < 32 ^f 242 4 Jas 28 Jy 22 Oc Au Fe Jy3 25 103 94 79 Se 2,905 Oc 52 123 2 No 1,623 Ja 2,613 No 50 No 212 No' 21 No 8 14 (<) 9 284 187 Oc 242 Ja 275 My 45 Se 2,264 No 325 Au Au Au JaS Jy Jy 402 38 Ap 58 Oc 80 Mhs 7 (<) 9 Au 2,089 De" Fe Ja Ja Se 235 69 131 48 13 De 17 (') 5 Jy 19 Jy 203 Jy 46 Fe 39 Fe 1,444 Fe 794 Jei 32 ■1^ 1,430 De 19 De 210 VI 4 fes 23 Ja 16 Fe Ap3 Je Fe Mh 3,397 3,197 66 144 2 4,360 1,659 2,691 57 269 237 22 18 9 304 262 343 62 3,554 2,996 658 424 321 20 61 22 420 66 181 59 86 36 9 2,184 244 77 133 56 18 20 5 21 302 229 73 65 1,482 4,261 36 1,647 31 215 4 28 22 i 2,542 2,384 113 1 3,934 1,583 2,361 10 57 259 237 22 18 5 301 198 257 323 52 3,554 2,996 558 412 319 20 60 13 63 65 142 69 76 8 7 2,108 203 77 125 56 17 20 5 21 302 229 73 61 1,479 4,226 18 1,066 21 181 2 25 22 89 62 27 99 85 59 807 765 11 31 1 338 76 262 3 Includes rented power, other than electric. 31 18 473 10 33 2 3 $6,928,068 6,049,250 95,203 489,685 293,930 4,246 14,256,182 6,201,162 7,490,148 564,872 162,740 165,955 2,353,212 2,213,480 139,732 36,361 22,200 2,165,540 1,215,068 1,675,988 2,940,609 122,272 7,529,481 6,118,929 1,410,552 617,960 445,606 42,082 120,716 9,546 559,832 104,716 168,200 65,784 78,874 23,542 19,487 16,131,148 2,066,160 160,818 248,151 81,883 60,550 54,361 8,765 34,763 620,251 515,480 104,771 139,524 4,788,065 37,819,188 66,816 1,756,164 63,328 571,700 6,181 45,038 302,181 316,362 225,552 90,810 594, 710 I 165,510 ; 310,621 h Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS; 1914— Continued. 125 EXPENSES. Value of products Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Eleo- trie horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $524,866 450,658 12,432 46,005 15,771 1,024,216 392,775 484,090 147,351 4,800 14,424 70,600 60,100 10,500 5,160 780 107,542 42,245 60,746 35,547 3,488 148,781 126,680 22,101 25,475 20,595 3,080 1,200 19,117 8,208 37,346 17,501 16,725 3,120 314,370 73,536 18,460 12,635 2,100 3,260 2,831 39,321 24,012 15,309 15,756 107,425 290,433 1,940 114,806 4,340 23,679 1,600 15,040 14,148 13,848 300 16,661 16, 147 16,400 $512,383 347,253 30,635 125,310 9,185 600 3,315,595 1,945,846 1,066,983 302,766 1,404 12,590 58,077 55,202 2,875 900 154,620 44,420 92,957 43,053 1,980 240,529 205,870 34,659 13,589 8,844 1,500 1,445 1,800 2,124 12,490 6,982 4,908 600 1,380 785,256 136,659 9,020 10,860 411 3,279 1,300 2,520 37,032 29,649 7,383 4,594 152,966 270,806 2,808 217,620 674 38,621 416 886 9,392 5,822 4,822 1,000 16,424 14,061 17,890 $2,633,660 2,472,115 36,718 124,827 1,535 4,156,983 1,856,774 2,300,209 12,640 57, 113 247,650 220,552 26,998 15,911 4,728 223,027 171,646 226,905 262,310 41,458 2,855,873 2,420,447 435,426 340,551 261,178 18,959 41,530 18,884 215,119 41, 181 146,864 69,180 69,346 8,338 6,610 191,230 71,260 100,911 72,055 14,835 14,848 3,256 22,840 265,314 207,903 57,411 34,971 1,358,791 1,675,204 24,472 926,056 18,924 142,828 2,566 20,166 18,267 30,706 20,992 9,714 66,395 72,999 56,460 $579,536 219, 136 2,630 354,930 2,840 3,061 830,801 113,857 56,774 660,170 27,756 59,084 59,084 840 47,815 2,739 32,291 66 32,685 29,827 2,758 2,141 2,055 7,679 1,000 5,660 2,500 2,305 745 3,403 1,337 575 500 4,600 4,600 62,193 6,167 1,250 1,210 177 14 4,184 4,148 36 13,988 $346,364 319,068 4,426 13,714 9,167 980 427,184 170,701 212, 178 44,305 2,100 4,970 11,065 6,266 4,800 1,440 1,566 21,220 11,860 55,847 17,795 11,721 6,000 6,000 18,170 11,823 1,990 2,977 1,380 20,185 7,096 18, 107 6,824 9,707 1,676 1,290 44,989 7,466 11,160 4,170 4,847 1,680 2,916 1,137 3,154 11,128 7,696 3,432 5,970 46,442 70,000 9,810 92,253 1,746 38,673 1,812 900 3,061 2,680 2,500 180 3,791 3,663 9,015 $43,379 37,774 373 3,878 1,354 15 108,482 50,971 56,405 2,106 1,307 1,908 10,860 10, 162 698 128 SO 15,707 5,032 13,329 9,247 70, 398 59,608 10,890 1,977 1,208 245 447 77 3,444 701 956 329 604 123 124 87,550 16,711 1,297 580 382 317 310 13 471 3,396 2,273 1,123 1,003 25,390 220,631 324 505,445 464 3,919 38 669 1,462 879 573 1,824 1,168 2,651 $2,777,863 2,734,824 14,106 9,116 19,817 1,600 5,470,973 3,222,041 1,943,576 305,356 19,082 67,696 440,964 371,840 69,124 36,766 7,268 1,401,517 468,060 1,004,802 363,385 364,737 2,995,464 2,737,990 257,474 381,682 299,194 15,393 46,019 21,076 399,247 82,109 162,074 72,484 52,979 36,611 8,253 40,714,973 1,989,328 82,468 121, 196 31,031 24,308 54,177 6,156 21,141 264,072 209,367 64,705 70,428 3,094,168 9,377,881 36,834 1,368,201 17,010 292,955 2,725 28,739 163,683 133,162 107,224 25,938 107,091 101,276 3,164 11,607 10,665 942 1,197 64,243 21,224 4,831 43,648 6,089 103,640 84,988 18,552 5,898 3,459 1,281 945 213 4,335 1,416 3,848 548 3,280 20 369 215,609 28,925 10,188 18, 152 183 451 2,573 69 1,684 9,126 8,605 521 626 62,271 687,428 651 4,084 1,909 2,595 15 473 1,806 4,427 3,667 760 22,459 3,945 $9,886,477 8,595,715 212,516 785,745 291,601 16,146 21,657,591 10,461,268 9,104,237 1, 992, 086 49,226 1,204,538 1,060,457 144,081 80,967 21,615 2,377,705 905,408 1,877,128 1,214,651 511,862 7,130,577 6,138,014 992,563 973,456 736,730 66, 131 129,735 50,860 834,616 185,236 442,278 180,081 200,503 61,694 28,942 49,499,958 2,967,932 280,647 305, 181 156,027 55,904 88,675 17,200 70,612 698,687 530,667 168,020 163,843 6,579,750 15,528,666 115,831 3,987,616 68,616 611,339 10,650 69,940 280,956 288,054 232,844 55,210 229,546 248,288 $7,032,190 5,792,799 197,976 776,629 264,786 13,426 15,904,777 7, 164, 260 7,053,797 1,686,730 29,437 199,088 751, 967 677, 952 74,015 42,994 14,248 921,946 426,124 867,495 817,518 141,036 4,031,573 3,316,036 716,637 585,876 434,077 39,457 82,771 29,571 431,034 101,710 276,356 107,049 144,244 25,063 20, 320 8,569,376 949,679 188,001 165,833 124,813 31,145 31,925 11,975 47,787 425,489 312,696 112, 794 92, 790 2,423,311 5,463,377 78,346 2,615,331 315,789 7,910 30, 728 125,467 150,465 121,953 28,512 99,996 143, 067 200,825 3,214 3,130 23 33 33 1 1 3,180 3,096 23 61 6 9,798 3,757 6,041 61 5 9,286 3,680 5,706 "'"256' ■■'25.6' 5 s' 477 177 300 30 "'so' 20 150 921 880 41 41 6 1,115 1,180 218 2,079 171 3,456 1,815 1,641 1,241 989 ISO 98 4 101 118 79 13 66 6 ■■■'iso' 160 14 135 621 580 41 41 6 120 1,173 216 932 166 1,976 660 1,326 427 354 16 54 4 90 112 67 13 44 ■"sso" 350 350 10 132 6 6 15 160 160 975 7 ""m 1,480 1,166 316 730 565 136 30 20 2 377 5 84 70 14 11 6 22 22 16 7,018 724 131 445 1 24 63 6 54 205 175 30 23 4,045 22,868 32 76 62 165 1 66 33 189 162 37 1,386 465 59 16 3,147 221 120 445 1 24 63 6 54 205 176 30 23 4,036 4,116 32 76 63 105 1 26 33 151 122 29 496 465 69 '■■ioe' so 6,323 5 3,813 484 11 58 19 18,072 9 680 60 9 40 38 30 8 890 • Same number reported for one orjnpyathflrgonf^lM. ^ MJnrO cH fl'^yiumber reported throughout the year. 126 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAGE EABNEBS DEO. 16, OE NEAK- EST EEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tes and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Nvunber, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. All other industries * 20 290 54 64 12,110 3 378 34 1 3 1,052 20O 32 36 10,180 Mh My Mil 210 My 194 Jas 28 Au 8 34 196 192 36 35 $2,231,478 40,783 61,004 133,660,093 * All other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 3 Ammunition 2 Asbestos products, not including steam packing 1 Bags, other than paper 7 Bags, paper 1 Baking powders and yeast 6 Belting and hose, rubber 2 Bluing 1 Butter, reworking 1 Candles 1 Cardboard 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not mcluding operations ol railroad compames. . . 5 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 3 Cheese 25 Chocolate and cocoa products 3 Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese 2 Cordage and twine 2 Corsets 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2 Dyestufls and extracts 1 Enameling 2 Explosives 5 Felt goods 1 Firearms 1 Fireworks 2 Foundry supplies 1 Fuel, manufactured 2 Galvanizing 2 Glass 3 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 8 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 8 Hat and cap materials 1. Hones and whetstones 1 Ink, printing 2 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 2 Ivory, shell, and bone work 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE- ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 BERKELEY— All industries.. . Bread and other bakery products. ... Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing mills connect- ed with sawmills. Printing and publishing 95 1,724 78 84 188 46 1,328 Jy 1, 746 De 1,042 1,524 1,083 425 7 9 $5,813,768 16 11 8 18 42 113 383 120 114 994 19 9 7 13 30 5 24 8 6 41 2 35 7 17 127 1 8 2 8 27 86 307 96 70 769 Oc8 92 Je 340 Jy 113 Ocs 73 Mh 82 De 243 Ja 78 My 3 68 91 242 88 72 1,031 80 234 86 57 626 11 8 13 393 133,545 1,402,732 365,169 225,197 3,687,125 2 4 2 2 3 ....„ n All other indiistries * * All other industries embrace — Butter 2 Canning and preservmg, Iruits 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations oi railroad companies 1 Carpets, rag 1 Chemicals 3 Confectionery 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Fertilizers 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere spe- cified 2 Furniture 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Glucose and starch 1 Hosiery and knit goods 2 Ink, printing .- 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 1 LOS ANGELES-AU industries 1,911 31,540 1, 767 1,405 3,707 917 23, 744 Se 25, 140 Ja 22,647 25,152 20,580 4,492 70 10 $101,681,050 ■> 16 45 74 70 4 12 12 I 13 177 12 5 4 6 4 7 8 8 15 4 8 33 14 19 158 515 553 634 19 118 201 289 260 118 1,501 570 50 17 184 22 328 492 26 135 2,774 25 729 570 159 18 41 90 83 7 8 10 1 1 10 199 7 6 3 1 4 2 3 8 17 8 40 16 24 11 39 19 19 ■'is' 17 12 7 11 41 22 2 2 13 1 18 9 ...... 24 1 9 9 10 39 37 36 1 8 13 15 2 8 130 21 i" 15 12 23 1 3 92 9 61 61 2 18 16 16 ""'"i' 8 8 3 3 52 26 1 1 16 2 8 6 ....„ 2 1 19 19 117 378 391 380 11 88 153 253 247 86 1,079 494 41 10 139 15 288 451 17 109 2,656 6 600 465 135 My Au 171 394 Mh Fe 69 360 119 371 413 401 12 78 166 293 228 75 1,164 435 43 11 121 17 666 1,092 17 105 2,595 8 627 490 137 118 355 412 400 12 35 85 106 172 75 913 435 43 10 120 8 415 329 13 104 2,695 5 124 67 57 1 15 1 1 244,525 794,677 341,202 327,446 13,756 290, 110 202,492 416,014 406,528 202,574 1,920,843 2,108,924 59,561 20,152 308,600 6,363 661,940 980,671 7,856 165,106 1,032,940 34,868 362,279 358,157 4,122 3 4 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Automobile repairing 1 ■i No No' Jy No No Je Au De Jy Ja8 ^y Oc Au Se % Au No 407 12 114 174 301 298 96 1,183 601 44 10 156 18 837 1,326 17 118 2,899 9 Ja Ja* Ja Au Jy De De Ja De Aus Ja Ja3 Ap S>os Fe Ap3 353 10 69 142 229 197 72 975 273 37 10 121 13 10 55 17 104 2,435 5 7 43 80 187 56 8 q Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. 1 in Boxes, wooden packing 11 Brass 'bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 12 13 245 5 1 14 15 Brushes, otherthan toilet and paint . 1 1 9 251 763 4 1 16 17 Buttons IS Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. 19 '0 ?1 Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cleansing and polishing prepara- tions. w ?1 3 503 423 •'I ''i Ja De" 493 137 De Ses 259 133 26 Contract work,men's and youths' 80 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914^Contiiiued. 127 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments repor1> ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ol power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.!" Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $52,697 4,500 1,363,889 $41,588 624 1,520 1,681,028 $145,821 $2,284 $12,627 $8,179 27,240 24,850 400 853 4,414 2,615 358 508 7,682,291 49,299 325, 068 405,936 $892,719 14,590 48,881 100,689,332 $13,138 1,766 1,350 1,766,313 $1,360,776 84, 573 95,614 123,432,654 $454,919 68,217 45,383 21,087,009 1,247 101 139 43,972 12,467 18 1,247 101 121 1,618 Japanning 1 Jewelry and instrument cases 2 Jute goods 1 Labels and tags 4 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Lubncating greases 1 Matches •. . . . 3 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 3 Mucilage and paste. 2 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Oakum 2 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Oil, essential 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 6 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Paper and wood pulp 5 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 5 Paper patterns 1 Pens, fountain and stylographlo 1 Photographic materials 2 Pocketbooks 2 Rice, cleaning and polishing 2 Safes 2 Sand-lime brick 2 Scales and balances 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 1 Smelting and refining, copper 3 Smelting and refining, lead 1 Smelting andrefLningjUot from the ore. 2 Soda-water apparatus 1 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 4 Sugar, refining : 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids ... 2 Theatrical scenery 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 10 Toys and games 3 Type founding 1 Typewriters and supplies 3 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Washing machines and clothes wringers 3 Waste 1 Windmills 1 Wool pulling 1 Wool scouring 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $199,038 $259,588 $1,053,905 $17,583 $41,966 $25,515 $4,670,098 $98,695 $7,321,044 $2,552,251 3,503 1,311 41 2,151 5 1 9,600 48,548 13,7.58 12,063 115,069 2,671 49,996 9,012 19,735 178,174 77,741 289,386 91,810 79,083 515,885 8,935 8,010 1,980 4,998 18,043 890 6,876 1,802 736 16,212 283,997 564,668 238,303 76,404 3,516,736 8,082 18,654 1,799 3, 646 66,615 472,889 1,101,725 416,530 255,804 6,074,096 180,810 528,413 176,428 175,855 1,490,745 151 663 400 61 2,328 70 291 81 562 109 61 1,348 5 ? H S 360 10,455 6,768 1 950 30 6 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 1 Matches 1 Mattresses and spring beds 1 'Millinery and lace goods 1 Musical Instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, organs 2 Musical instruments, piano materials. 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified , . . 1 Paints Petroleum, refining . . . Pickles and sauces Saddlery and harness . soap Tobacco, cigars 2 Vinegar and cider 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 $2,978,626 $4,769,087 $18,277,077 $703,251 $1,266,167 $1,019,874 $66,777,260 $2,163,536 $103,457,993 $44,617,197 84,666 27. 187 2,321 35, 157 1 2,612 1 12,912 67,470 25, 110 25, 110 6,227 47,550 30,660 29,919 741 10,397 21,651 22,961 4,440 9,433 132,965 31,236 330 2,076 27,739 1,040 27,542 27,762 780 3,127 108, 22Q 5,954 26,637 26,637 93,448 307,298 366,421 360,225 5,196 53,909 86,428 127,149 140, 138 70,032 847,586 336,781 24,569 7,130 128,346 7,249 130,943 189,408 10,318 85,099 2,247,713 3,133 316,820 235,8.57 80,983 500 20,448 9,634 9,634 100 120 1,825 5,364 58,184 80,906 78,648 2,280 4,387 9,755 11,886 7,320 7,296 90,628 3,655 1,280 564 12,669 2,345 6,094 1,633 996 11,976 1,266 4,636 2,329 2,235 94 3,493 1,739 2,157 3,786 957 16,213 17,184 294 188 4,169 57 2,803 6,575 33 1,361 9,266 451 4,631 4,616 16 122,373 615,650 263,719 250,318 13,401 261,768 101,215 247,726 374,628 154,417 2,666,372 192,372 54, 146 17,997 1,475,068 2,547 535,345 978,638 2,308 96,717 1,437,269 74,047 497, 198 493,592 3,606 962 10,017 14,417 13,921 496 1,080 2,132 3,260 3,968 7,912 62,777 164,404 527 162 10,728 244 4,475 12,228 130 6,490 100,137 162 4,882 3,941 921 322,988 1,275,401 989,706 959,883 29,822 398,530 315,919 477,784 618,580 336,345 4,815,091 973,038 88,682 38,573 1,759,016 23,540 1,071,229 1,369,568 24,346 249,871 3,941,644 148,055 1,094,683 978,746 117,917 199,643 649,834 711,569 695,644 15,925 133,702 212,572 226,788 239,984 173,016 2,086,942 626,262 33,909 20,414 273,220 20,749 531,409 380,792 21,908 147,884 2,404,248 73,848 592,603 479,213 113,390 48 367 587 575 12 55 81 189 897 157 721 2,348 33 12 481 6 290 269 8 211 2,425 11 113 93 20 3 18 22 22 46 349 565' 553 12 65 81 139 547 127 626 978 33 12 166 1 267 106 8 211 1,664 11 113 93 20 10 2 3 4 5 n 22,882 27,403 28,482 15,610 24,600 124,798 43,448 1,776 3,230 21,457 2,200 34,027 20,193 7 s '"'iso' so' 1,370 50 q in 587 1,050 30 15 11 12 11 1*1 315 23 183 16 600 5 17 IS '(I 6,196 47,781 1,800 14,922 14,922 500 o-\ 749 12 ■)■> 250 23,148 22,940 208 2,032 31,131 26,982 4,149 93 '4 95 26 ' Same number reported tor one or more other months. < Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 128 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 4=3.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDCSTEY AND UTii. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSIEY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST BE PRESENT AXrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES— Continued. LOS AITGELES— Continued. Clothing, women's Suits skirts, cloaks, shirt waists, and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments, petticoats, wrappers, and house dresses. All other Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and Ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and api- arists' supplies. Dental goods Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals and table food, macaroni, meat products, and sirups, other than cane. Other food products, including those for animals and fowls. Foundry and machine-shop products Foundries Machine shops F umiture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures, and lamps Gas, illuminating and heating , Glass, cutting, staining, and oma- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Hand stamps Hardware, exclusive of locks Housefurnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lapidary work.. Leather goods... Liquors, malt---. Liquors, vinous-. Looking-glass and picture frames . Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical Instruments and materials, not specified. Optical goods Paint and varnish Patent medicines and compounds.. Paving materials Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves Pickles and sauces 105 6 99 44 24 5 10 399 267 43 920 777 143 534 19 23 133 52 143 194 273 230 109 121 1,658 87 1,571 589 229 978 78 20 62 113 45 517 221 17 329 397 78 30 1,687 269 325 144 81 68 60 111 126 220 92 134 197 23 174 102 10 49 45 105 134 6 128 35 37 280 1 49 47 44 1 6 163 15 20 9 10 1 331 230 33 599 98 48 408 13 16 92 33 102 72 146 15 168 150 65 85 1,313 64 1,249 469 131 641 60 150 8 212 329 43 18 1,376 160 eo 102 144 9 135 Oc 252 Oo 39 Oo 86 Des 94 De Se My Te Fe Mh' My 700 137 52 450 19 17 106 No 40 My 115 De 91 Au 176 De Se 24 179 Je 77 Au 102 No 101 Je 1,368 Mh 500 Au 140 Ap 672 Oc 68 Mhs 16 De 42 Ja 107 De' 29 Ap 486 De SI Jys Oc 227 354 De 23 Je 1,529 De 284 Ja 296 Oc 144 Au3 Fe Oc3 Je Jy Je3 64 No 3 192 No3 64 Ja 108 Jy» Ja 18 292 Ja Fe Ja Je' Ja Jas Oc' No No Ocs Ja My 8 De Jy Ja Je' My 535 72 46 12 155 Mh Fe 71 Ja De' Je No De Je Se Je My' Ja Au i'K Jy' Ja Ap' 37 441 119 6 35 79 25 351 133 8 199 307 32 Je' 15 De 1,178 Ja 182 My 241 Jy 80 Ja No Mh' De' Fe 28 De 55 Ja 124 Fe 55 Au 96 No My 237 37 62 93 733 630 103 51 417 12 15 101 38 90 80 176 23 168 166 1,201 99 1,102 474 138 649 55 162 9 201 319 20 1,291 289 276 140 42 44 33 54 64 197 65 102 289 16 273 119 105 4 10 55 324 245 79 50 398 11 15 161 103 61 1,193 99 1,094 461 130 649 54 149 8 149 319 19 1,282 289 228 39 39 41 33 52 32 197 65 96 134 3 131 217 132 33 62 37 405 381 24 1 16 1 161 14 6 60 26 48 101 31 6 155 13 142 (318,723 196,538 38,251 83,934 2,028,462 1,273,161 • 755,301 116, 845 925,716 41,600 6,765 184,040 36,971 495,066 58,242 86,063 52,066 3,349,819 467,289 290,161 177, 128 4,599,433 440,389 4,159,034 707,767 447,198 26,367,873 186,962 11,131 122,664 155,736 68,864 4,813,762 232,569 16,400 831,995 3,936,124 289,452 48,339 9,042,944 645,339 611,335 98,198 206,302 39,551 16,037 126,265 433,462 142,989 824,121 701,233 103,212 686,776 17,758 669,018 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 129 EXPENSES. Value o£ products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration moome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ot power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $22,320 8,212 2,080 12,028 44,125 47,302 26,820 20,482 5,700 37,393 1,470 1,500 ,17,685 18,773 7,535 5,382 8,220 64,347 32,418 27,326 5,092 185,111 6,388 179,723 37,522 46,330 108,886 10,840 900 6,920 17,840 3,936 52,263 15,382 41,790 129,520 5,400 173,411 16,507 36,165 6,095 14,690 6,800 13,317 28,900 20,522 9,570 42,320 9,720 15,229 593 14,636 S23,053 11,862 520 10,671 79,618 139,085 122,915 16,170 2,824 27,012 3,445 634 19,113 416 33,755 4,204 6,542 9, 73*6 99,093 24,285 21, 170 3,115 193,226 4,690 188,536 36,707 45,966 308, 670 1,936 3,735 16,778 4,458 2,582 61,421 15, 140 58,5-32 65,508 1,080 6,271 202,756 19, 195 30,924 5,324 10,829 5,144 100 20,846 36,259 33,016 4,408 8,532 16,927 22,766 3,552 19,214 $203,547 153,302 13,038 37,207 61,980 403,286 318, 189. 85,097 34,612 313,368 8,249 12,677 72,766 24,902 83,261 48,999 54,827 5,824 134,719 77,875 35,016 42,859 1,120,951 50,554 1,070,397 395,465 103,423 622,459 57, 697 7,181 21,715 49,206 20, 120 363,966 126,680 8,228 129,424 393,804 29,640 14,932 1,205,215 210,488 195,068 60,404 28,512 30,456 3,670 27,217 38,453 28,753 103,472 58,391 108,553 65,712 3,405 62,307 $275 150 125 2,884 1,412 1,472 3,525 200 9,600 645 4,500 4,792 4,094 2,876 2,606 270 78,621 4,206 74,415 18,005 225 122 1,200 3,788 35 1,340 675 443 44,252 260 50 320 250 1,000 2,972 $18,752 11,498 1,452 5,802 16,398 45,636 40,524 5,112 5,030 17, 187 500 1,482 11,496 4,236 5,820 6,485 7,572 2,236 14,587 8,225 6,362 62,902 3,088 59,814 25,664 26,802 6,381 684 8,190 2,285 3,480 1,505 16,720 1,776 41,123 48,000 12,608 3,438 47,013 5,926 6,267 9,701 6,925 7,208 780 4,855 20,042 13,438 1,455 90,111 4,878 1,516 1,4.35,981 721 4,306 5,983 821,328 9,320 1,322 30,494 '200 1 4,089 4,048 345,063 1,020 190 30,368 200 I 3,069 3,858 I 314,695 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. $2,260 684 122 1,454 3,908 11,255 7,254 4,001 7,498 258 53 1,220 137 3,728 421 363 414 16,629 2,831 2,374 457 30,546 394 30, 152 4,307 3,391 180,879 1,853 141 942 1,087 579 33,828 1,396 170 6,626 351, 275 10,365 233 37,974 2,969 6,140 428 1,655 126 577 2,399 $438,004 312,654 30,077 95,273 1,334,996 1,532,975 1,014,590 518,385 145,259 867,631 23,294 12,391 116,274 7,274 124,516 37,964 94,411 38,891 4,213,566 479,852 345,837 134,015 2,274,588 61,653 2,212,935 417,466 279,352 • 274; 160 109,296 11,108 33,704 42,050 56,231 112,587 106,952 4,690 713,328 576,643 81,972 22,308 5,657,349 223,909 555,453 95,679 65,627 19,826 2,662 53,583 366, 895 $3,530 2,152 836 28,813 17,748 11,065 1,905 8,037 177 3,458 2,176 236 799 516 43,745 16, 162 103,712 7,731 95,981 6,311 4,499 862,674 1,891 156 627 14,340 434 125,621 2,340 337 1,749 35, 792 2,309 48,996 8,431 5,442 1,779 8928,440 663,062 64,913 210,465 1,810,807 2,727,230 2,001,812 726,418 188,463 1,550,884 50,338 36,430 305,826 65,532 306,894 118,279 246,716 117,524 5,176,077 826, 185 574,733 251,462 4,840,245 151,886 4,688,369 1,096,774 367,426 3,744,582 221,305 25,009 133,414 154,524 99,020 982,278 369,365 21,296 1, 104, 198 3,027,454 189, 618 54,045 8,478,786 670, 113 917, 171 217, 251 2,026 1,382 166,685 95,366 107 17,663 683 3,922 138, 137 536,944 1,378 46,110 72,231 3,341 3,923 386 3,537 287,504 1,860,065 1,145,812 280,612 689,371 52,792 536,579 $486,906 338 256 82 48 7 27 277 928 611 417 168 342 64 4 114 103 257 14 31 20 2,194 417 249 168 3,627 262 3,366 664 163 10, 211 66 5 43 224 69 6,241 n 6 52 1,806 343 9 8,281 1,047 384 21 123 58 4 17 260 137 1,828 329 139 305 20 285 82 48 7 27 277 676 261 414 108 342 24 4 114 103 25 14 31 20 1,574 365 249 116 3,132 262 2,870 629 163 2,631 38 5 43 224 56 123 63 6 52 196 153 e 3,664 947 384 21 81 58 4 17 210 128 784 '""98' 98 '"""62" i' 1 10 """io" 403 """447" "i,"357" """i25" 34 34,294 114,366 466,274 1,165,442 969, 474 250 250 56' 3 195,968 41,299 675,216 3 26,675 23,862 185,908 54,800 180,202 80,079 151,606 78,117 918, 766 40 232 620 60 331, 171 222,090 2 109,081 2,461,945 82,602 2,379,443 072,007 28i,576 50 139 2 356 139 366 36 2, 607, 748 7,580 5 110, 118 13,745 23 99,083 98, 134 42,355 744,070 3 5,118 260,063 16,269 389, 121 8 1 2, 415, 019 1,610 150 105,337 31,577 40 2,772,442 337,77.i 4,580 100 37 366, 276 119,793 98,932 74, 168 3 39 14,904 ' 83, 871 165, 127 196, 015 9 385 167 50 377,974 252,253 659 162 246,777 139 108 10 98 240,385 22,038 193 10 183 4 218,347 4 ' Same number reported throughout the year; 82101°— 18 9 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 130 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 IXHAIUTANTS OR INDUSTRY AND CITY, Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY, WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY, Capital. Total, Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total, 16 and over. Under 16. Male, Fe- male, Aver- age num- ber. Number, I5tl» day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. LOS ANGELES— Continued. Plumber's supplies, not elsewhere Prmting and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing, linotype work. Printing and publishing, new.s- papers and periodicals. Printing and p ublishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing . . . Pumps, not including power pumps. Pumps, steam and other power Sausage , Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties - Slaughtering and meat packing. Statuary and art goods Stoves and hot-air furnaces Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances and artificial Umbs. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified Window and door screens Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved All other industries * 5 187 177 10 87 6 176 116 1,398 1,232 166 2,181 1,364 674 143 38 11 60 142 16 103 1,178 753 26 245 17 3 193 188 5 58 6 17 35 4 2 2 4 1 2 7 128 182 2 159 77 82 967 644 267 56 8 25 9 5 337 1 6 40 1 260 161 96 884 842 42 905 594 311 141 7 48 126 12 32 52 19 683 13 192 10 57 32 13 2,870 An 109 De No 914 47 Ja Fe 373 Mh Mh ^^ De Ja Ap3 Jy De Je De De Je My 3 De (0 Au Mh No' 33 162 7 61 182 19 75 835 39 72 28 214 10 De 90 Au3 Ja 792 36 Mys Je 588 260 De No Au My 3 Oo Oc Au No Jy Mh Fe Nos Se (') Fe3 Oo Je 119 7 99 4 59 786 27 37 10 ISO 10 91 914 867 47 872 584 141 7 62 117 20 62 807 28 64 32 206 12 13 3,055 90 732 087 45 575 251 141 7 62 7 19 57 762 28 64 32 643 12 125 12 57 35 13 2,581 1 173 171 110 1 468 $206,798 2,366,630 1,878,741 487,889 4,722,242 3,334,708 1,306,451 81,083 55,303 810,289 9,721 85,000 268,503 52,607 44,359 6,705,735 37,508 82, 291 47,639 2,103,210 123,415 205,442 11,726 93,053 186,546 12,962 7,430,945 *A11 other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts Agricultural implements Babbitt metal and solder Baking powders and yeast Baskets,and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Boots and shoes Boxes, ciB;ar Cars, steam railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . Cars and general shop construction and ' repairs by electric-railroad companies 2 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 1 Chemicals 2 Chocolate and cocoa products 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Cordials ^d flavoring sirups 1 Corsets 2 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Enameling 1 Engraving and diesinking 2 Feathers and plumes 6 Fertilizers 2 Firearms 1 Fireworks 1 Flags and barmers 1 Fuel, manufactured 1 Fur goods 2 Furnishing goods, men's 5 Galvanizing 1 Gas machines 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 . Gold and silver, reducing and refining not from the ore 4 6rea,se and tallow, not mcludlng lu- bricating greases 1 Hair work 7 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 9 Hats, fur-felt 2 Hats, straw 1 Hones and whetstones 1 Hosiery and knit goods 7 Ink, writing 2 Instruments, professionaland scientific 2 1 OAELAin)— All industries Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing. 573 9,713 579 425 766 237 7,706 Jy 8,941 De 6, 719 8,740 6,668 2,036 24 1 12 836,410,812 ? 8 24 3 6 69 6 5 3 8 5 23 3 6 3 8 29 9 3 1 ed pow 52 90 34 54 466 63 748 11 46 188 98 10 470 8 48 348 158 11 84 '> eronli> 11 29 2 5 82 2 2 5 7 4 23 4 i 9 23 10 2 7 1 3 3 5 13 2 17 5 1 7' 13 1 32 2 3 1 ■ 9' 11 7 33 .54 28 37 348 37 690 6 35 160 66 5 406 4 32 271 120 6 f)"i 2S Ap3 34 Jy3 57 My 38 m 37 I'e 3 359 (<) 37 Jy 1,663 m 6 Je3 37 Se 3 170 Au3 72 (<) 5 Mv 488 {<) 4 (<) 32 Ap 301 Ja 166 m 6 Fe 74 Mv ' 30 Se 29 Ja3 51 Fe 18 (') 37 Oc 3 330 (.<) 37 Ja 66 m 6 De 3 32 Fe 148 Mh« 60 (*) 5 Se 356 (') 4 (<) 32 Oc 3 230 Mh 92 (■>) 6 Au 60 De 24 34 58 31 37 347 37 1,733 6 32 161 70 5 364 4 32 273 122 6 62 28 erthant 34 56 23 37 271 29 539 6 32 51 70 5 360 4 22 272 118 4 25 28 slectric. 91,0J1 106,402 27, 425 113,193 395,655 175,840 1,570,323 3,200 20,903 148,837 119,938 3,800 2,168,378 11,885 50,141 1,250,548 T 2 8 4 •■i 6 7 Bread and other bakery products. . . 74 8 1,193 2 8 9 Canning and preserving, caimed and driei fruits. Carpets, rag 1 10 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 2 8 4 1 4 I 9 1 1 5 11 106 4 12 Copper, tin, an:l sheet-iron products. 13 14 15 Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-.shop prod- ucts. 21 38 4 16 17 3 28 7 1 7 6 3 18 13 2 5 1 1 8 6 6 1 3 '""■37" 3 1 IS 1 2 19 18,800 114,508 665 407 ?0 Gloves and mittens, leather ">] Ice, manufacture i 1 Own digitized by M lCP&&@ft®td power, oth MANXTFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 131 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWElt. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ot power. Total. Steam en- gines.! ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $13, 610 165,485 143,466 22,019 241,286 145,632 72,328 23,326 4,200 30,405 2,288 11,060 5,917 708 23,341 97, 878 15,309 6,640 51,560 .'i,420 1,940 9,933 17,300 361, 193 $7,300 202,636 123,269 79,267 1,332,196 893,937 369, 613 68,646 8,040 45,037 1,200 14,571 6,607 402, 683 4H 7,383 468 74,266 976 20,120 674 9,695 7,130 624 367,594 $100, 766 711,778 659,430 52,348 986,200 678,880 307,320 20,619 114,537 6,034 43,586 68,935 8,032 59,163 589,598 29,859 45,569 16,021 656,488 16,253 12,5, 063 8,233 53,404 23,837 11,388 1,942,653 $4,654 $1,379 $2,226 143,504 106,074 17,206 82,870 60,&34 99,989 6,085 16,055 1,151 223,532 68,960 37,847 71,361 13,048 25,573 33,012 27,448 9,696 139,123 10,375 2,610 4,766 1,860 3,589 7,380 280 8,551 703 350 61,648 4,767 73 214 1,906 406 468 29,486 174 909 579 3,959 1,901 3,072 3,520 4,640 100 600 11,559 100 3,480 172 10,631 1,446 21, 761 157 177 13, 733 2,268 2,364 1,464 112,440 798 250 10,907 65 58,032 $169,935 $18,460 788,335 20,012 784,035 4,800 18,191 1,821 1,677,437 33,190 1,147,479 504,668 22; 863 10,327 26,290 41,132 756 221,902 78,021 108,599 8,220 1,570 859 154,017 18,810 1,000 295 78,471 12,393,807 14,686 38,605 20,962 1,126 66,317 121 469 227 1,436,270 17,235 10,851 188 144, 270 10,317 46 839 71,676 115,068 2,565 1,508 5,743 4,661,364 312 113,280 $404,481 2, 867, 139 2,551,086 316,063 5,840,805 3,696,261 1,776,278 368,266 107. 822 666,335 92, 191 182,467 264, 108 36, 689 193,766 13,926,950 74,408 127,360 64,245 2,321,660 47, 547 396. 823 31, 416 171, 233 173, 745 3.1,685 8, 717, 152 $216,086 2,058,792 1,748,860 309,932 4, 130, 178 2,525,919 1,261,283 342,976 65,934 436,213 12,600 73,009 109,091 17,684 114, 169 1,475,826 69, 601 88,286 43,066 868, 165 36, 508 2.52, 507 20,260 96,992 67, 169 29,6.30 3,942,508 250 885 865 20 2,274 1,581 693 45 5 5 206 880 860 20 2,164 1,481 683 110 100 10 28 388 17 182 43 41 32 2,724 1 37 12 1,632 8 15 13 388 17 182 43 41 32 1,074 1 27 12 1,628 8 '"'is' 1,660 . . 4 19 294 163 23 5,985 19 294 163 23 4,014 '""so' 1,635 336 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 2 Japaiming 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 1 Lithographing 2 Lubricating greases 1 Minerals and earths, ground 3 Mirrors, framed and unframed, 6 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 3 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical Instruments, piano and organ materials : 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 10 Photographic apparatus 3 Photographic materials 1 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 1 Regalia and society badges and emblems 2 Roofing materials 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 4 Salt 1 Scales and balances 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 ..__ 7 Soda-water apparatus 1 Springs, .steel, car and carriage 2 Stationery goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot water heating apparatus 2 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Theatrical scenery 1 Toys and games, S Typewriters and supplies 1 Umbrellas and canes 2 Upholstering materials 1 Vmegar and cider 1 Wall plaster 3 Waste } Window shades and fixtures 7 $845,667 $856,617 $5,965,861 $168,839 $279,005 $357,824 $14,237,438 $761,822 $28,521,828 $13,522,568 18,960 6,503 623 78 11,746 1,622 1 1,620 3,700 6,024 8,250 22,600 8,640 46,669 6,904 1,955 900 7,440 18,197 9,426 44,124 29,284 67,213 21,631 33„111 274,151 30,457 380,027 3,920 30,679 60,235 68,647 3,305 373,810 2,896 17,606 226,420 97,856 5,287 33,338 28,196 6,660 14,079 2,060 510 39,636 6,924 1,465 594 3,975 16,380 6,693 720 6, 650 780 4,488 12,322 6,075 1,140 2,070 651 1,071 245 1,334 2,955 1,768 8,617 26 214 1,118 1,515 30 10,663 75 327 4,866 1,427 51,337 28,886 56, 162 104,702 804, 1C6 679,170 2,046,949 1,135 29,581 177,050 '113,773 1,253 912, 132 1,350 71,. 539 257,204 110,098 1,678 2,781 388 4,152 24,259 4,396 21,618 144 2,352 3,072 992 557 13, Of 3 276 3,088 18,^01 1,964 126,249 155,397 106,584 183,302 1,494,389 692,603 3,133,890 7,212 102,403 294,882 251,599 12, COO 1,518,554 9,500 140,253 725,588 340,681 73,234 123,730 49,034 74,448 065,965 109,0,37 1,065,423 S,P33 70,470 114,760 136,834 10,7£0 593,359 7,874 C5,026 450,183 228,519 _ 13,479 R) 86,621 ^ 99 776 198 156 19 64 336 139 480 12 38 91 38 15 823 9 C5 652 111 8 13 507 198 148 19 64 336 139 315 12 38 88 38 15 CSS 4 57 676 111 8 13 267 "'i25' ""22' 1,380 8 3 200 1,040 ,5 fi 7 63,640 165 s f> 3,000 12,640 8,351 2,247 10,618 3,485 360 07,100 3 11 1'> 1,000 13 60,832 1 105 500 4,200 56,067 13,226 2,780 36,329 21,214 820 4,381 2,953 g IS 13,132 10,230 2,000 60 16 17 18 19 ?0 1 10,800 6,7*0 1 240 21 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. 132 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 4=3.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVIS DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ent?, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES-Continued. 1 OAKLAHD— Continued. Jewelry 10 4 27 7 5 3 3 10 4 55 29 14 15 9 7 26 3 139 36 143 957 13 40 36 11 45 61 172 365 340 25 20 46 86 12 4,659 14 ""u 7 4 2 3 6 53 23 10 13 9 8 45 3 150 1 1 14 1 2 4 1 11 36 33 3 21 112 832 4 26 26 6 16 4S 89 168 158 De 23 Je 3 114 Ja 889 De 5 Se 31 Jas 27 Jy 8 (') 16 Ap 56 All 93 Fe 19 Ja 3 110 De 717 My 3 Ap3 24 De3 25 Mh 4 (.') 16 Des 43 No 85 23 111 805 5 25 26 6 17 43 88 159 159 21 111 800 5 22 25 6 10 15 70 142 142 1 1 $39,580 1,540,847 3,084,323 27,287 33,882 55,375 8,773 119,668 82,225 299,803 572,477 566,332 6,145 26,485 46,999 32,037 23,165|^ 2 Liquors, malt 15 39 1 7 7 1 12 "'is' 21 22 2 15 58 1 1 1 5 6 124 117 3 4 Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work 5 5 Mattresses and spring beds 3 1 « Mineral and soda waters 7 ' Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compounds . . i Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, job work only. Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing, without printing Saddlery and harness 8 27 16 17 17 9 10 11 "2 1 12 Au 176 Ja 153 13 14 11 33 41 7 3,845 Se 12 (<) 33 Ap3 42 No 10 (') 33 De3 40 (*) 7 11 34 41 7 3,897 11 34 34 6 3,370 15 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars 3 1 1 Ifi 7 1 518 17 Window shades and fixtures All other industries * 1 171 "'394' 1 99 18 2 7 * All other Industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Artincial limbs 1 Artificial stone products 2 Babbitt metal 1 Baking powders and yeast 2 Baskets and rattan and willow ware. 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 2 Boots and shoes : 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 BrxCk and ale 2 Brooms 1 Brushes 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repaus by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 1 Chemicals 2 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 2 Cleans'Jig and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 4 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Comectionery (ice cream) 1 Cooperage 2 Cordage and twine 1 Dairymen's suppUes 1 Electrical macmnery, apparatus, and suppUes 3 Fancy articles, beadwork 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas, illuminattng and heating 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 3 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Hair work 1 Hand stamps 2 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hats, straw 1 Ink, writing 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 1 SACRAMENTO- All indus- tries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 236 6,148 257 163 300 94 5,334 1 Au 6,558 Fe 4,570 6,059 5,022 677 112 248 $13,592,592 5 17 31 4 8 3 4 4 9 5 11 4 3 11 5 4 6 6 3 31 14 48 89 72 196 587 33 2,828 16 23 46 13 70 12 32 165 21 22 27 28 7 434 94 1,333 4 27 47 11 2 6 12 5 15 4 4 9 6 2 6 5 3 33 18 38 7 ""2 8 3 4 4 24 2 ...... 6 73 41 134 549 22 2.750 10 17 30 7 48 7 20 137 14 18 19 18 3 268 75 1,074 Jy3 IV Au J8 3 (<) Au3 Ja Jy3 Se P. Ap My Oc Au3 Oc i De 87 48 138 1,292 24 3,126 10 26 37 9 53 7 45 156 18 20 21 23 3 283 80 De De3 Ja3 Mh No My (') Ja3 Je3 Ja3 De 0) No 0C3 Ja3 Ja3 Ja (<)• Au 57 35 132 70 19 2,417 10 8 27 4 43 7 11 106 13 16 17 13 3 249 69 57 37 135 1,311 22 2,736 10 9 29 8 44 7 37 117 15 17 17 19 3 265 81 1,083 57 37 119 449 22 2,734 6 9 29 7 44 6 36 117 15 14 17 11 3 239 68 983 305,522 ? 44,226 154,220 1,394,108 36,666 1,387,921 75,000 43,500 76,445 13,476 286,403 5,390 871,665 375,149 49,825 17,050 100,060 76,130 11,873 619,128 49,079 7,899,767 4 Bread and other bakery products . . . Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carriages and wagons and materials . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Coffee, roasting and grinding 16 519 S 6 97 246 7 R 35 1 43 2 1 4 2 fl in Copper, tm, and sheet-iron work Food preparations, not elsewhere speciSed. Fovmdry and machine-shop prod- ucts. 1 3 ...... 2 ...... 6 11 1 1? 3 "3' 9 1 1 2 2 1 38 1 48 2 1 2 4 1? i' 1 14 Liquors, vinous IS Lumber and timber products in 17 Mattresses and spring beds 1 3 IS 19 ''fl Patent medicines and compounds . . 2 1 7 1 65 30 23 13 90 3 ■)■) ?3 141 32 8 2 1 •* All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 1 Brick and tile 1 Butter Cars and general shop construction and repaus by electric-railroad com- panies Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Confectionery 2 Cooperage 1 Electroplating 1 Fertilizers 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products .... 2 Furgoods 1 Furniture 2 Gas, illuminattng and heating. . ...... 1 Hand stamps 1 1 Owned power only Digitized by Mi 2 IncludeMmited power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 135 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. - Bent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors." Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $480 21,284 74,419 365 1,780 274 600 13,978 6,500 10,497 132,361 126,835 5,516 $16,533 132,284 . 767,737 4,851 17,253 28,459 4,752 9,673 27,182 77,188 150,559 150,669 $1,700 $2,772 $105 131,963 31,366 173 62 433 79 689 450 2,250 2,372 2,330 42 386 346 6,952 269 135,672 - $14,766 235,274 2,001,705 12,300 42,101 54,343 1,140 44,520 87,886 105,815 212,910 210,915 1,995 31,225 32,210 34,160 28,961 5,854,841 $558 16,027 12,711 720 634 1,158 ^ 301 636 2,031 2,767 11,561 11,561 $59,467 850,359 3,196,738 33,119 84,583 132,943 16,704 160,424 172,200 365,832 1,032,807 984,940 47,927 65,460 90,213 108,816 39,600 12,494,890 $44,143 600,058 1,182,322 20,099 41,948 77,442 15,263 115,268 82,283 257,250 808,396 762,464 45,932 34,006 56,747 74,561 10,609 6,057,679 21 750 3,859 60 42 13 25 32 95 109 291 291 21 404 750 60 42 13 26 18 13 104 126 126 ■■'ioo' 250 250 1 $47,700 83,788 420 8,688 18,000 2,400 18,216 341 3,109 6 2 1,063 21,957 1,224 2,760 4,000 1,198 3,405 2,862 18,018 15,396 13,666 1,830 3,450 3,650 4,240 360 60,692 » 4 .■; 6 1,018 7 8 12 6 5' 166 165 70 8 400 8,044 23,772 2,987 20,785 9 26,492 70,256 66,616 3,640 10 11 12 IS 9,923 30,736 23,464 3,680 2,883,618 230 1,256 105 40 682,370 14 4,500 1,748 1,900 66 66 ^^ Ifi 1,860 291,088 720 361,288 17 37,830 9,813 2,560 253 7,000 1,125 18 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 liquors , vinous 1 Limographing 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 6 MiUinery and lace goods , 5 Minerals and earths, ground 1 . Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Musical instruments and materials, notspecifled 2 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Opticalgobds 2 Paints........ 3 Paving materials 2 Petroleum, refining 2 Photo-engraving 2 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Pumps, steam and other power 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Safes 1 Sausage 2 Saws : 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 2 Shipbuilding, wooden. Including boat building 4 Shu-ts 1 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Silversmithing and silverware 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Soap 2 Sprmgs, steel, car and carriage 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 3 Stoves, gas and oU 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . 1 Surgical appliances 3 Tools , not elewhere specified 1 Trunks and vahses 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Wall plaster 2 Washmg machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable 3 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goodSjUot elsewhere specified 1 $292,543 $371,103 $4,163,372 $38,693 $132, 241 $219, 674 $8,619,253 $430,651 $16,382,670 $7,332,766 13,909 4,800 190 8,919 1 9,700 10,369 618 6,319 26,191 54,381 45,227 118,165 328,420 16,328 1,991,403 8,215 17^980 34,805 4,212 38,393 5,900 13,685 123,301 14,323 13,682 11,120 13,209 952 239,576 60,619 1,009,476 50 936 150 2,190 7,827 26,352 4,200 3,228 1,634 253 1,156 7,751 481 18,170 558 219 373 146 2,333 33 8,245 3,792 805 140 30O 887 22 5,511 10,509 156,366 169,862 29,839 333,074 1,295,087 12,692 1,264,589 108,071 73,782 65,610 19,257 23,841 7,586 108,356 201,477 13,405 38, 171 21,517 37,543 3,974 264, 121 70, 152 4,477,248 1,912 1,729 10,080 14,520 1,214 147,206 877 1,652 253 3,434 3,788 71 2,407 6,743 272 208 564 315 214 8,894 97 224, 211 282,268 116,011 687,347 2,008,061 46,374 3,499,672 160,524 116,100 133, 256 36,944 104,967 21,775 212, 200 403,272 33,721 71,528 63,349 80,026 7,957 1,066,112 173,212 7,159,095 110,494 84,443 244,193 698,454 31,468 2,087,777 51,576 40,666 77,393 14,253 77,338 14,119 101,437 195, 052 20,044 33, 149 41, 278 42,167 3,769 803,097 102,963 2,457,636 39 61 81 446 32 6,268 47 69 8 19 119 4 89 785 23 21 39 8 6 425 39 61 .81 326 32 4,883 47 59 8 19 113 4 89 476 23 21 39 8 4 425 J 3,000 24,035 4 120 6 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 130 23,919 5,000 70,889 3,120 1,385 2,532 4,620 3,498 • 2, 190 2,673 696 2,400 2,760 384 2,520 2,280 2,549 120 31,549 5,051 23,722 1,300 2,350 540 1,406 1,000 7,600 8,166 iso 2,000 50 500 4,600 6 6,112 19,656 1,500 2,700 2,400 389 1,000 80,621 720 106,992 1,580 310 468 20 2,119 2 89,006 24,818 140,953 8,309 5,330 2,979 188 2,163 Hardware, saddlery 1 Ice, mfmufactured 3 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel forglngs 1 Liquors, malt 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Optical goods 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 ' Same number reported for one or ^^t^i'ti^Ql&- O V Photo-engraving 2 Saddlery and harness 3 Sausage i Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 W/CrOS©^®"'^" reported throughout the year. Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Structural iron work, not made in steel works or rolling mills i Tools, not elsewhere specified i Wirework i 134 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR mDUSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. .16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SAIT FRANCISCO— AU in- dustries. Artificial flowers Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobiles, including bodies and and parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . . Brooms Butter Canning and preserving, canned and dried fruits. Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials. Chemicals Clothing, men's Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks . . Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments, petticoats, and other. Wrappers and house dresses . Contract work, undergarments, petticoats, and other. Cofiee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum Ice cream Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordials and flavoring sirups.. - Dental goods, other than teeth. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water. Engraving and dlesinking Envelopes Fancy articles, celluloid, wood, and other novelties. Flags and banners, regalia, and so- ciety badges. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table foods, and sirups other than cane. Macaroni, vermioelU, and noodles. Other food product, including those for animals and fowls. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops and foundries. . Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's 2,334 42,089 2,932 1,696 4,262 1,441 31, 758 3 37 3 1 33 4 28 4 7 17 11 73 11 4 1 1 56 12 138 15 5 5 113 49 279 58 8 8 7 198 8 78 5 5 4 7 57 8 104 10 4 1 1 88 15 181 15 7 14 8 137 8 352 35 12 7 7 291 11 438 8 24 22 13 371 13 163 15 12 13 1 122 229 2,017 305 56 93 67 1,506 6 85 20 1 2 62 7 51 9 3 6 2 31 7 768 3 21 70 19 655 3 39 20 234 4 44 16 168 13 4 6 6 128 10 11 7 100 36 1,600 110 18 59 19 1,394 53 914 149 21 33 17 694 17 225 17 10 10 6 182 16 321 27 5 10 6 273 9 174 46 4 13 5 106 7 4 18 118 76 711 39 20 13 2 77 56 334 36 274 54 5 106 2 7 22 2 73 38 991 44 40 90 30 787 31 946 37 .S8 87 27 757 7 45 7 2 3 3 30 16 298 17 20 U 8 242 90 1,460 90 59 85 39 1,187 5 19 4 1 7 1 6 8 7 31 244 10 6 21 173 12 36 17 9 45 12 2 2 29 7 178 4 14 26 11 123 7 41 8 2 1 30 3 4 74 23 2 4 4 2 4 3 1 61 16 7 98 5 4 5 1 . i '7 7 5 66 130 3 2 6 9 19 48 10 3 28 68 46 564 64 37 63 23 377 7 153 2 13 28 H 99 24 214 45 11 9 2 147 15 197 17 13 26 10 131 138 1,954 130 111 154 56 1,503 15 431 10 26 13 6 376 123 1,523 120 85 141 50 1,127 15 134 14 5 3 11 101 3 147 5 3 19 15 105 Se 32,355 Je3 De De Au Oc Mh My Mh Ja S5 19 58 120 65 104 143 331 389 Oc 138 De 1,536 Oc' 63 Ap3 33 Au 1,313 Oc3 18 My 186 Mh 106 Mh 1,440 Oc Mh 229 287 Ap 117 Aus 80 Jy 3 61 Au Fe3 372 75 De 995 Jy 31 Oc 306 Jy 1, 303 h Jy m£ Fe De Fe Au3 Je3 21 183 32 140 30 73 25 93 49 77 Je Oc No 157 152 Se 396 Je 1,196 Oc 130 No 135 Ja 30,929 De My 3 Ja Fe 14 16 54 100 Mh 185 Jy De De Au 50 62 118 242 347 Fe 98 Au 1,487 ' - 61 28 221 Jy3 Se Fe My 13 De 151 Fe 51 De 1, 312 Ja Jy 0C3 Mhs Ja-i Fe Se = 140 252 318 70 33,231 Ja Jas De Ja Ap Jy Jy3 Je Ap3 De Fe3 Fe3 645 28 224 958 6 21 158 25 111 30 53 7 61 20 59 Fe Au Au 141 120 Fe No Je Ja 364 1,038 70 91 14 19 59 116 206 53 100 134 242 365 132 1,569 62 33 1,507 16 154 105 1,314 748 222 289 97 80 60 339 70 1, 017 986 31 225 6 21 175 31 129 30 56 25 65 48 70 386 145 160 1,447 376 1,071 114 126 25,560 5 19 69 116 206 34 37 67 163 129 131 1,144 62 30 601 10 164 103 292 258 125 41 241 220 21 225 6 19 130 31 127 28 20 14 19 10 70 312 133 122 1,438 376 1,062 41 26 7,345 19 63 67 76 234 1,010 490 97 248 76 35 34 609 599 10 169 71 100 10 61 106 61 106 $145, 621, 851 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 23,700 21,827 68,948 222, 616 245, 213 167,484 147, 641 141,479 398,637 482,676 3,701,085 51,627 380, 220 2,277,539 19,700 372,096 1,190,626 1,467,516 655,201 158,388 270, 703 175,236 44,614 6,260 2,514,589 938, 492 1,420,270 1,283,084 137, 186 1,295,841 11,643,059 108,193 4,730 685, 139 45,475 581, 709 15, 865 183, 672 12,225 100,519 92,146 1,067,544 1,723,936 899,250 418, 185 406,501 6,133,673 808,484 4,325,189 292,856 418,149 Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 135 MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric . (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. {4,335,631 5,205 9,700 13,591 8,136 8,400 10,903 26,830 45, 133 20,324 169,014 600 3,826 62,935 14,312 22,481 42, 790 36,880 17,415 9,415 8,850 1,200 121,025 10,700 91,381 87, 121 4,260 58,227 163,207 3,762 35,436 2,376 52,940 2,000 7,612 1,720 6,462 8,420 20,130 74,671 31,898 18,079 24,694 261,122 53,444 207,678 16,060 7,200 $5,740,738 $25,288,625 1,200 3,080 1,560 4,250 8,430 7,748 5,400 4,380 14, 618 26,360 10, 730 138, 203 600 8,680 107,000 5,120 H, 308 88, 761 42,580 13, 899 11,701 16, 980 385,427 13,829 96,813 92,881 3r932 30, 661 111,542 8,528 51,863 2,028 43,588 900 7,044 460 9,611 17, 727 40,970 80,849 42,964 10,620 27,265 264,682 16,493 248, 189 11,926 22,698 23, 314 12,603 54,428 82, 172 189, 633 43,947 45,282 100,848 200,630 181, 707 124, 866 1,250,662 30, 940 26,159 381,638 9,771 150,860 69, 914 692,688- 387,024 139,972 149, 782 44,300 34,250 18,720 222,052 51,217 368, 976 346,906 22,071 188,755 999, 720 4,844 12,904 99,845 28,138 120,958 20,936 28,783 8,036 42,244 15, 841 59, 294 237,008 68,322 $1,379,238 $2,421,808 $1,648,203 | 194,612,899 '$2,427,479 25 200 1,370 5,090 641 600 406 800 280 5,301 96,799 28,442 152 720 27,320 250 3,700 4,299 99 100 11,062 500 10 150 400 660 6,116 727 50 34,473 3,377 31,096 158 300 2,534 3,814 16, 730 36,761 6,407 16,552 11,030 11,604 27,296 13, 170 179, 780 2,964 2,526 32, 016 1,020 20, 609 3,600 54,811 47, 783 16,709 13,567 11,857 4,690 960 77, 432 3,720 88,834 81,394 7,440 11,286 64, 797 2,490 3,528 19,602 4,400 6,342 3,540 7,111 1,500 6,540 6,555 1,990 33,960 4,200 17,806 11,964 91,331 77,355 1,446,032 362, 466 1,083,566 77,156 48,621 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. 113,487 28,026 85,441 20,295 6,762 195 41 331 843 1,593 916 284 3,947 1,471 863 18,936 218 3,759 11, 754 83 2,399 8,053 7,176 4,460 543 3,236 494 159 19 9,621 5,890 6,636 5,798 840 7,087 34,833 1,051 18 3,201 181 4,468 62 769 7 267 352 5,845 8,869 5,465 1,888 1,516 25,097 3,758 21,341 1,323 13, 620 7,282 76,006 126,722 123, 467 282,370 202, 119 61,844 631,204 339, 078 199,360 3,574,687 68, 220 667, 900 5,266,249 149, 866 567,226 1,990,440 902, 966 323,939 294,327 229,696 53,714 1,290 6,710,069 209, 428 1,489,738 1,333,834 155,904 1, 230, 742 3,247,632 9*, 738 -56,687 270,329 19,933 138,573 6,138 121, 334 12,028 96, 761 137,533 2,558,248 2,212,563 1,037,850 487,890 1,880,797 372,682 1,508,135 159,080 230,324 80 217 1,000 4,198 8,770 837 1,894 1,675 3,617 6,616 10, 744 114, 422 802 2,602 18,930 380 10,512 32,204 10,498 5,459 1,688 1,860 711 626 576 33,768 2,225 29,820 24,400 6,420 8,802 36, 848 137 2,819 3,460 5,075 15(3 1,464 189 581 594 23,856 29,826 8,849 15,037 5,939 93,840 34,518 69,322 1,163 1,102 $162, 299, 795 44, 722 35, 880 154,284 317,214 612,687 281, 409 272, 115 963,398 744,711 419, 455 6,683,359 127, 160 740,927 6,389,707 20, 440 438, 086 838, 427 3,648,046 1,726,202 674, 888 598,529 399,685 125,982 28, 160 7,270,374 324,063 2,624,709 2,365,420 259,289 1,748,342 5, 851, 798 133, 264 104, 710 549,338 84, 697 407,522 49,842 203,000 27,600 191,402 235,639 3,116,766 3,097,430 1,302,814 838,261 966,355 1,006,440 3,862,649 398,826 478,003 $65,259,417 61,818 22,669 1,171 102 37,976 2,577 31,022 28,361 77, 278 8 87 105 225 28 135 80 131 233 170 1,133 23 166 426 16 330 576 341 130 35 52 22 13 8 909 88 514 339 175 842 869 44 7 142 101 363 8 58 9 11 28 1,260 1,283 512 498 255 3,146 668 2,478 20 38 8 87 105 220 28 10 80 31 233 170 885 23 156 234 18 330 21 221 130 35 52 22 13 8 759 88 483 333 150 633 805 44 7 142 101 351 8 58 9 11 26 910 711 262 291 158 2,807 628 2,179 20 38 4' '"Me" 6' '"'35' 171 4 2 ■""'ra 12 60 34 24 10 186,294 382,440 105,881 57,396 5 125 208,696 328,877 100 399,018 209, 351 2,994,350 58, 138 214 52 2 70,426 1,104,528 192 ' 19,232 276, 718 248,997 555 120 1,647,108 816, 777 249, 241 300,342 189,278 71,622 26,294 1,526,647 160 112, 400 1,106,151 31 6 25 309 1,007,186 97,966 608,798 2,667,318 41, 860 4 47,886 278, 188 81,314 263,874 43; 551 12 80, 202 15,283 94., 060 97,412 533,862 360 550 250 206 95 325 40 286 855,042 256,115 2 336,334 263,593 2,894,462 599,280 2 14 2,296,192 238,682 . 14 248,577 < Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 136 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 43.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB INDUSTRY AND CTTY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED m THE INDU3TET. ■VTAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OB NEAR- EST BEPEESENTAXrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 SAN FRANCISCO— Contd. Furniture 67 32 35 18 15 10 4 5 9 5 3 4 6 39 6 12 17 4 11 14 59 3 17 16 23 17 17 6 ■ 3 5 11 36 6 4 9 10 206 179 3 14 10 150 21 26 103 4 19 18 16 16 8 12 1,019 290 729 393 69 127 61 52 97 81 23 166 47 596 53 567 632 39 684 160 1,479 91 593 344 338 121 83 24 7 76 104 198 114 17 109 461 2,415 2,156 77 80 102 2,307 1,560 425 332 14 126 66 2,287 255 30 87 72 41 31 10 20 14 4 7 11 6 2 7 159 8 13 4 7 3 10 48 39 16 11 26 21 26 9 2 4 6 26 6 8 12 5 226 200 3 12 11 164 11 77 76 5 19 29 13 30 9 11 28 7 21 24 8 3 4 ...... 6 4 10 4 5 21 59 2 20 4 59 9 25 24 14 11 6 42 15 27 54 10 4 2 23 13 3 7 5 12 1 8 70 13 58 12 89 8 35 16 13 2 2 19 6 13 28 1 6 1 3 3 2 1 4 4 1 5 8 1 23 8 21 1 10 14 9 3 1 858 221 637 277 40 94 48 40 51 55 13 145 31 416 40 520 491 16 580 116 1,262 34 608 279 276 84 50 14 5 35 66 81 95 6 68 394 1,783 1,663 47 923 223 700 303 45 92 45 40 51 69 16 146 30 451 38 526 492 20 629 123 1,331 36 515 295 271 80 52 14 5 36 67 82 102 6 69 469 1,945 1,817 42 902 215 687 283 43 41 45 2 48 27 9 146 28 398 25 525 491 20 623 118 1,323 36 513 261 83 79 41 14 5 34 65 45 100 2 68 136 1,368 1,276 35 12 8 4 11 2 51 9 $2,382,820 417,418 1,965,402 952,493 32,511 ; 250,620 252,914 20,935 113,786 74,339 : 24,000 3,100,511 [ 152,009 799,642 64,392 ; 2,459,620 8,716,482 180,613 1,464,031 189,370 ; 2,900,898 1,071,729 i 1,713,978 ' 921,449 425,6.58 ' 249,709 : 57,048 12,820 17,100 131,504 ' 501,189 683,232 , 332,783 3,225 113,462 1,194,821 3,246,806 2,904,590 65,424 138,588 138,204 2,632,411 1,722,566 363,936 446,909 14,696 330,048 95,826 4,440,617 183,996 20,101 72.221 ? Wood, including rattan and willow. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Gas and electric fixtures, and lamps . Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Fe Fe De No Ap Ja h Se De Se Se Ja Jy Fe Ap Ocs Oc No Se Je3 Au Oc5 Mh Ja' Ses (<) (*) Fe Oc W Jas Go 242 714 309 46 97 63 40 51 60 15 182 34 468 51 562 612 18 638 124 1,322 36 692 304 384 87 54 14 5 35 76 88 109 6 72 566 Ja Jy Je Ap Des Jy3 (') (') De Fes Fe Des Au Ja Oc Fe r r Ja Ja Ap Je Mh W (*) £^ Se» Ja3 (•) Mh 192 616 257 35 90 42 40 51 49 12 121 29 362 36 472 476 14 535 111 1,160 24 420 254 177 80 45 14 5 35 61 76 88 6 63 104 3 4 5 9 9 n 7 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. 8 38 3 30 6 q Hand stamps and stencils and brands. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. House-furnishine goods, not else- where specified. Ice, maniuactured 10 1 2 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Jewelry 2 48 13 ^ 5 •i Iieather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. fi 7 1 R 105 5 5 1 'd Ijooking-glass and picture frames . . . Lumber and timber products Malt 21 3 '? Marble and stole worlc ""34' 186 S 2 M Mattresses and spring beds -n\ Millinerv and lace coods . . 2 1 3 27 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, drums, accordions, violins, and other stringed instruments. Musical instruments and materials, pianos. Optical goods ") 10 S 9 29 10 2 10 16 112 97 3 9 3 103 33 19 51 1 7 1 42 5 2 6 26 17 33 1 1 12 36 183 125 21 35 2 876 699 60 127 3 6 29 3 7 10 HI 81 3 24 3 182 94 10 78 2' 36 2 4 1 308 664 618 7 1 32 Patent medicines and compounds . . 1 14 Photograpliic apparatus, exclusive of motion-picture machines. Photo-engraving I'i 36 ?7 Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job. 2 16 16 13 7 7 Mh Ap3 1.698 50 ?fc 1,607 41 M Book publishing and printing. . . Book publislitng without print- ing. Linotype work and typesettmg. Printing and publishing, news- papers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing 40 ♦1 83 982 713 269 Mil 3 88 Au 74 86 988 717 271 67 943 695 248 29 37 22 15 1'> 6 2 43 Mh Oc 739 283 No Je3 670 263 44 4R 6 2 46 8 80 33 2,130 204 18 63 Oc' Ja De Ja Ja No De 10 90 39 2,446 232 22 85 Je3 Oc My Se No Au Fe 5 70 30 1,795 188 12 54 9 81 36 2,395 202 21 85 9 81 36 2,386 48 21 57 47 Saddlery and harness 18 3 92 11 1 5 2 ""io" 5 "'i' 48 49 Shipbuilding, including boat build- mg. Shirts 9 154 •in 51 52 Signs and advertising novelties 28 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, otlier than electric. 3 Same nunber reported for one or more otlier months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. 137 MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR" MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. »77,570 21,712 55,858 53,029 9,485 4,440 5,800 21,468 12,023 7,500 24,227 7,820 15,710 5,100 77,067 154,890 3,866 59,320 6,800 132,817 36,733 64,364 52,720 36,411 17,015 10,495 16,060 22,020 88,685 15,710 2,160 21,089 39,245 283,459 231,270 12,432 33,145 6,612 319,638 184,426 32,600 102,512 1,200 15,282 1,200 106,540 9,600 4,800 10,370 $67,876 23,507 44,369 82,077 1,740 14,700 6,615 3,540 21,900 11,438 3,376 12,681 4,450 14,610 2,012 14,946 96,169 8,630 118,900 16,683 126,836 17,167 45,518 25,697 17,997 2,602 360 240 19,176 19,782 62,776 4,080 1,000 15,401 59,808 270,300 186,047 30,386 50,626 3,242 1,093,353 - 824,534 54,656 214,163 25,606 1,980 184,875 13,632 1,500 5,104 $825,612 216,836 609,776 216,469 32,925 56,636 44,560 25,766 46,136 32,710 10,216 131,426 24,213 374,864 18,986 400,807 597,903 11,681 501,653 97,275 1,121,447 44,616 470,295 224,965 169,630 79,878 37,232 11,996 4,085 34,535 49,729 48,698 54,098 2,968 84,471 165,839 1,531,397 1,431,647 24,023 75,827 1,031,839 857,213 174,626 6,971 69,043 27,613 1,9.57,606 104,429 17, 402 61,406 $6,526 3,300 $91,112 19,934 $11,664 3,163 3,225 71,178 8,501 1,932 19,613 7,275 8,132 600 6,820 209. 20 1,481 1,158 138 486 4,740 18,147 600 4,900 3,900 121 247 7,094 11,159 698 3,080 24,718 5,300 2,410 500 3,206 306 302 1,356 7,424 86 14,666 559,716 5,500 41,993 14,881 104,374 1,189 3,672 1,615 14,725 6,777 8,951 4,201 2,634 819 190 24,343 1,600 6,882 3,200 4,750 1,798 4,320 18,322 29,021 31,833 10,680 6,985 1,770 117 106 396 2,638 6,060 8,130 16,320 20,077 90 519 2,000 6,623 1,332 8,770 4,830 1,132 18 393 100 451 6,959 381,716 163,062 17,806 93,043 1,630 287,043 143,581 4,125 9,560 13,730 181 3,410 6,796 176,610 486 18,839 467,629 36,184 1,611 122,049 25,503 16,454 1,263 419,834 28,058 1,020 12,748 1,122 18 1,548 144 66 31,735 8,055 11,363 461 34,832 7,679 1,000 745 12,625 5,980 6,416 578 206 274 $1,156,686 296,687 860,098 339, 7y 32,523 111,520 218,013 15,960 47,474 67,618 53,044 37,472 12,080 322,772 52,838 2,657,436 975,603 178,470 708,643 125,284 2,186,765 660,896 940,370 653,790 429,166 81,449 20,663 11,456 2,941 120,741 338,699 341,428 228,274 1,840 27,388 1,146,782 1,516,850 1,484,475 7,821 6,432 18,122 2,281,028 1,839,783 168,585 272,660 18,646 190,446 223,611 1,992,875 163,373 30,571 70,432 $40,616 7,913 32,702 6,844 2,781 1,733 12,982 307 1,577 963 2,892 63,046 1,330 13,869 319 25,265 75,070 858 11,729 972 26,116 21,376 22,290 23,087 6,056 2,163 2,240 48 1,394 8,443 2,243 13,156 40 2,226 11,683 42,461 38,108 227 67,830 2,216 639 673 $2,739,817 717,730 2,022,087 791,304 120,187 230,166 79,834 184,704 154,809 92,931 614,046 71,311 928,634 119,927 3,436,976 3,951,462 244,723 1,801,629 353,798 4,179,246 938,056 1,728,884 1,184,869 873,717 288,669 105,457 35,255 14,739 258,127 524,173 869,188 376,379 17,726 196,270 1,746,048 6,328,32i 4,417,986 179,071 664,415 166,849 7,518,829 6,490,757 646,283 1,382,789 42,407 466,862 336, 580 4,960,120 407, 169 86,998 175,508 $1,543,517 414,230 1,129,287 444,746 84,883 116,902 77,374 63,567 136,653 96,238 36,996 413,527 57,901 591,993 66,770 854,276 2,900,789 65,396 1,081,267 227,542 1,966,365 265,783 766,224 607,992 438,496 204,947 82,664 23,751 135,992 177,131 525,517 133,949 15,845 165,656 587,583 3,769,020 2,895,403 171,023 557,983 144,611 5,192,134 3,613,306 1,110,129 22,903 273,704 109,480 2,889,415 241,580 56,888 104,403 2,209 434 1,775 287 44 16 254 5 39 66 206 2,365 32 444 7 1,669 2,125 34 641 31 6,881 729 1,258 572 116 133 259 15 390 79 331 1 50 327 1,729 1,677 5 47 1,634 1,472 162 123 540 41 44 20 760 110 650 2,076 1,138 1,499 10 4,895 290 150 75 76 2 200 189 365 642 92 "26" 10 12 100 1,434 309 1,125 287 24 16 184 6 39 56 206 290 32 444 7 519 625 34 631 31 1,444 439 916 497 41 lU 259 15 390 51 121 1 50 138 1,728 1,676 5 47 1,634 1,472 162 118 163 223 221 518 33 400 100 * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 138 MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. Table 4=3.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY AXD CITY. Num- ber of esrab- lishr ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS PEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend - ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimxun month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SAN FBANCISCO— Contd. Slaughtering and meat packing Steam packing Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes . Trunks and valises Varnishes Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved All other industries* 20 7 5 38 578 79 25 622 21 8 2 33 25 10 4 48 71 13 6 1 455 47 19 506 26 9 8 104 12 3 28 1,375 188 28 9 290 15 1 3 67 6 1 .16 874 139 15 29 10 5 125 18 6 14 8 58 170 14 10 6 14 3 18 2 6 33 122 10 199 24 7,310 10 133 14 5,679 222 941 335 Fo 494 Oc 54 .10 3 20 Ja 569 (<) 16 Apa 968 Ap» 150 Jy 17 Oc3 .^6 Mh3 127 My 20 Au Ja De Oc 421 41 17 465 (') 16 Jy 790 De 123 Ja 13 Mh3 De Jy 3 10 446 48 20 501 16 865 127 15 33 112 19 5,415 441 37 20 501 10 535 105 15 24 112 19 4,685 5 11 6 328 21 1 1 1 9 716 8 6 »3, 012, 510 390,366 54,361 1,843,688 12,121 1,016,987 438,866 269,569 109,593 12,671 53,704,523 *A11 other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Asbestos products, not including steam packing 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 3ags, other than paper 6 Bags, paper 1 Baking powders and yeast 2 Belting, leather 6 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Boxes, cigar 2 Brick and tile 1 Brushes 3 Buttons 4 Candles 1 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Canning and preserving, oysters 2 Cardboard 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 3 Cars and general shop construction and repau's by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 1 China decorating 1 Chocolate and cocoa products 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 6 Cordage and twine 1 Cutlery and edge tools 3 Dairymen's supplies 1 Druggists' preparations 4 Dyemg and finishing textiles 1 Enameling 1 Engraving steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 12 'Fertilizers 2 Fireworks 1 Foundry supplies 1 Galvanizing 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gas machines 1 Glass 2 Glue, not elsewhere specified 2 Gold and silver, reducmg and refining, not from the ore i Hardware c Hardware, saddlery 1 Hat and cap matenals 1 Hats, fur-felt 2 Hosiery and knit goods -6 Ink, printing 1 Iron and steel, steel works, and rolling mills 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 Alameda 52 51 67 117 94 118 54 28 69 64 257 225 47 79 157 29 1,260 1,045 927 3,330 1,128 804 469 177 1,043 1,283 2,976 2,635 370 656 2,647 356 48 42 46 95 82 120 63 25 66 50 244 229 46 93 161 30 38 45 24 94 45 42 16 8 31 45 169 89 17 19 97 11 54 62 34 188 82 66 39 29 83 99 392 205 20 31 275 14 33 12 24 50 34 40 19 8 25 12 111 83 11 12 95 8 1,087 894 799 2,903 885 636 322 107 838 1,077 2,060 2,029 276 401 1,919 292 Ap 'O^c Si Ja My Ja Au Au Se Au Au No 1,224 947 932 5,744 1,251 691 573 130 1,042 1,108 2,258 3,433 308 486 2,110 366 No De Ja Fe Mh Mh Ja Se Jy Mh No Ja De Ja Ja Fe 924 811 620 1,862 662 473 231 88 724 1,039 1,927 1,172 261 260 1,721 275 1,196 895 929 5,462 1,088 736 473 128 890 1,092 2,284 3,262 293 420 2,326 292 1,161 883 887 3,196 793 544 295 104 871 1,065 1,882 1,780 277 385 2,025 269 42 12 39 2,265 291 149 162 22 15 22 395 1,224 13 36 294 23 3 J3, 686, 358 2,749,436 2,975,758 7,375,115 3,228,751 1,600,714 1,192,050 668,975 6,850,692 1,392,209 10,866,806 12,212,277 943,016 3,211,773 7,762,372 1,666,994 "2 ^ 3 1 4 24 6 2 4 3 7 66 3 "■'is' 10 "'i' 4 Fresno ■!i Long Beach 7 S Redlands '9 Riverside 11 San Deego 14 Santa Cruz . . . 7 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CALIFORNIA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10.000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— ContLnued. 139 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gtnes.i In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Watet wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $66,300 18,500 3,260 99,321 104,665 15,204 9,640 6,240 26,217 708, 145 $119, 244 24,800 48,440 1,672 189,307 31, 133 8,892 3,725 24,558 1, 079, 201 $461, 930 42,289 14, 848 508, 109 13, 070 508, 253 86,496 12, 114 26,703 95, 292 12, 252 4,604,878 $1,237 50, 970 1,100 600 2,000 150 177, 740 $22, 400 2,700 2,916 33,965 6,510 40, 936 16,804 1,380 6, 8.59 5,220 2,600 361, 509 $16, 985 3,014 310 9,236 84 399,604 2, 760 3,323 6,982 270 279, 982 $12, 474, 527 516, 461 64, 177 1, 278, 785 10, 935 778, 479 169, 210 110,387 204,270 685, 960 5,497 22,541,654 $48, 794 5,874 2,573 31,698 254 2,929 1,964 1,401 1,047 10, 896 830 1, 238, 704 $14, .324, 663 716,641 88.675 2,347,671 46,660 2, 4.'iS, 527 .1.57,455 215,394 287,458 1,027,798 31, 988 35,256,637 81, 801,, 332 194, 306 31,925 1, 037, 188 35, 471 1,657,119 196, 281 103,606 82, 141 330,943 25,661 11,476,179 1,901 172 63 1,607 67 146 30 51 1,033 38 16, 852 1,085 130 6,457 339 816 42 1,607 61 1,033 10,056 Iron atid steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 2 Iron and steel forgings 3 Uron and steel, wrought pipe 1 Jewelry and instrument cases 2 Xabels and tags 3 iLapidary work 4 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 'Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 6 "Mucilage and paste 1 'Oakum 2 'Oil, not elsewhere specified 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 6 Paper patterns 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Photographic materials 1 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 2 Pumps, not including power pumps.. 2 Pumps, steam, and other _power 2 Rice, cleaning and polishing 1 Roonng materials 3 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 4 Safes 1 Salt 1 Saws 2 Silversmithing and silverware 3 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Springs, steel, car and carriage 3 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 8 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Stoves and ranges 4 Sugar, refining i Tools, not elsewhere specified i Type founding i Typewriters and supplies 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 2 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Vinegar and cider i Wall plaster i Washing machines and clothes wringers i Wool scouring i CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $105,646 75,004 73,392 204,582 23,436 11,359 93,542 75,754 285,557 180,777 28,686 31, 108 247,551 21,755 $103, 107 72,489 50,501 249,030 117,991 87,246 37, 818 36,688 109,359 104,023 383,061 238,666 27,144 28,967 340,241 24,760 $1,027,873 878,757 604,833 1,611,430 606,071 429,258 214, 056 80,621 500,945 825,406 1,568,811 1,327,187 249,353 266,404 1,603,781 246,554 $1,230 200 82,990 22,632 $16,311 16,904 16,679 48,979 $26,205 32,084 62,086 130,616 19,677 6,494 2,338 40,496 47,519 15,319 9,292 42,630 14,836 9,496 6,199 764 5,960 65,109 29,250 17,664 16, 197 133,111 76,792 23,502 6,539 122,255 167,380 418 17,466 9,537 3,375 20,316 19,450 68,093 12,108 11,811 26,600 116,769 19,291 $935,943 1,529,046 1, 180, 899 12,039,875 1,477,350 832,399 292,582 193,932 647,971 1,328,222 4,314,482 7,013,837 287,479 712, 196 7,272,512 2,006,962 $66,808 94,128 36, 678 131,599 68,766 37,003 31,926 20,592 445, 107 92, 103 267, 498 131,776 44,817 32,652 169, 703 38,960 $2, 786, 176 2,928,373 2,480,374 16,520,109 2,944,888 1,971,891 826,000 521,571 2,307,226 2, 612, 669 9,020,895 10,806,117 843,673 1,320,427 11,293,483 3,071,919 $1,783,425 1,305,199 1,262,897 4,348,635 1,398,782 1,102,489 600,492 307, 047 1,214,148 1,192,344 4,438,916 3,660,504 511,377 676, 580 3,861,268 1,025,997 3,492 2,450 3,705 4,080 2,999 1,782 806 379 7,962 1,715 6,764 3,847 837 2,831 5,147 1,656 1,386 900 3,116 1,725 614 410 83 1,784 1,001 461 1,948 2,206 1,126 370 17 180 46 20 26 542 87 12 18 186 61 100 1,737 1,442 573 2,176 2,073 1,168 282 296 7,732 1,401 4,428 2,759 374 864 2,766 470 1,026 56 67 60 137 40 13 300 ,14 323 ! 15 56 , 16 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. 1 Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® COLORADO. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Colorado was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1876. With a gross area of 103,948 square nules, of which 103,658 repre- sent land surface, it ranked seventh in size among the states. The eastern portion lies in the Great Western Plain, and the central and western parts are in the Rocky Mountain region. In 1914 there were in Colo- rado 29,530 square miles of unappropriated and unre- served pubhc lands; 22,746 square miles in national forests; and 756 square miles in Indian reservation. The inhabitants of the state in 1900 numbered 539,700, and in 1910, 799,024; and its estimated popiilation in 1914 was 910,000. In total population Colorado ranked thirty-second among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked thirty-ninth, with 7.7 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 5.2. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places having 2,500 in- habitants or more, was '404,840, or 50.7 per cent of the total, as against 48.3 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, seven cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000; Boulder, Colorado Springs, Denver, Fort Collins, Greeley, Pueblo, and Trinidad. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 41 per cent of the esti- mated total population of Colorado, reported 40.1 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The transportation facilities of the state are good, Denver being a center for most of the main hnes of the Rocky Mountain region. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Com- merce Commission, was 5,739, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are available) was 429. In 1909 nearly one-fifth of the total land area of the state was in farms. The total value of farm crops was $50,974,958, the most important products being hay and forage, valued at $17,282,276, and cereals, valued at $14,787,519. The value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during the same year was $24,208,175. The mineral output in Colorado in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was valued at $52,161,660, the leading prod- ucts being gold, valued at $19,883,105, and coal, valued at $13,601,718. Zinc and silver were also im- portant products. The state ranked tenth among the states ia total value of mineral output, second in pro- duction of gold, fourth in zinc, fifth in silver, and eighth in coal. Importance and growth of mamifactures. — The value of the manufactured products of Colorado in 1914 was $136,839,321; the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 27,278; and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measiu-e of the importance of the manufacturing industry, amounted to $47,083,019. In 1914 the state ranked, among the states, thirty-second in value of products, thirty-sixth in number of wage earners, and thirty-third in value added by manufacture. The corresponding rankings in 1909 were thirty-first, thirty-sixth, and thirtieth, respectively. The value of the manufactured products of Colorado in 1914 and 1909 represented six-tenths of 1 per cent of the total for the United States; the corresponding proportion for 1904 was seven-tenths of 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactiu-es combined in the state for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. 1914 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid lor contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 2,126 33, 715 1,716 4,721 27,278 162, 828 8181,776,339 26,567,617 6, 367, 863 20, 199, 754 556,432 2, 195, 394 89,756,302 136, 839, 321 47,083,019 1909 2,034 34, 115 1,722 4,326 28,067 154,615 $162,667,801 25, 560, 026 5,647,684 19,912,342 308,002 2,003,281 80,490,904 130,044,312 49, 553, 408 1904 1,606 25, 888 1,398 2,677 21,813 124,907 $107,663,500 18,649,408 3,549,043 15, 100, 365 294, 358 2 1,020,434 63,114,397 100,143,999 37,029,602 1899 1,323 m 1,870 19, 498 43,434 $58,172,865 13,766,364 2,058,798 11,707,566 >) h 60,750,784 89,067,879 28, 317, 095 PEE CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 4.5 -1.2 -0.3 9.1 -2.8 5.3 11.7 3.9 12.8 1.4 80.7 9.6 11.5 5.2 -5.0 26.7 31.8 23.2 61.6 28.7 23.8 51.1 37.1 59.1 31.9 4.6 27.5 29.9 33.8 21.4 43.2 11.9 187.6 85.1 35.5 72.4 29.0 3.9 12.4 30.8 I A minus sign (-) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Figures not available « Exclusive of internal revenue. There were marked increases in the manufactures of the state during the three census periods. The increase was much greater during the five-year periods ending with 1904 and 1909 than during the period Digitized by IVIicrosoft® (i^i) 142 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. ending with 1914. From 1899 to 1914 the capital invested in manufacturing industries more than trebled; the horsepower used in developing these industries increased almost four times; and the amount paid for salaries and wages almost doubled. The largest percentage of increase for the period 1909-1914 was in the amount paid for contract work (80.7) . This increase is not an indication of the growth of the manufactures of the state, but of the method of operation. For the five-year period from 1909 to 1914 the capital invested increased by $19,108,538, or 11.7 per cent; the cost of materials, $9,265,398, or 11.5 per cent; and the value of products, $6,795,009, or 5.2 per cent. The value added by manuf actui-e decreased $2,470,389, or 5 per cent. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 All industries. Sugar, "beet Slaughtering and meat packing Flour-mill and gristmill products Printing and publishing Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk.. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Canning and preserving Gas, illuminating and heating Confectionery Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Marble and stone work Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Coffee, roasting and grinding Leather goods Tobacco, cigars Ice, manufactured Awnings, tents, and sails. Mineral and soda waters . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. All other industries CENSUS OF 191i. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 2,126 13 16 83 475 285 130 61 11 219 37 76 32 11 55 42 372 Wage earners. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 27,278 2,268 777 393 2,173 4,349 1,082 1,369 291 451 1,330 387 459 614 487 218 79 218 330 231 84 134 143 8,727 100.0 8.3 2.8 1.4 8.0 4.0 6.0 1.1 1.7 4.9 2.5 1.4 1.7 2.3 1.8 0.8 0.3 0-8 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.5 32.0 Value of products. Amount. $136, 839, 321 17,635,556 12, 726, 127 7,535,633 7,027,420 6,821,673 4,785,318 4, 575, 315 3,596,565 3, 022, 521 2,463,127 1, 798, 129 1,587,964 1,329,531 1,194,477 1,192,891 1, 180, 202 1,168,373 842,028 805, 188 654,429 533,987 516,039 604,647 63,342,181 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100-0 12.9 9-3 5.5 5.1 5.0 3.5 3.3 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 39 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $47,083,019 4,278,527 2,039,201 1,099,855 5,050,262 4,239,178 2,143,312 2,453,581 684,901 1,825,363 1,555,278 708,465 1,025,712 618,292 782, 713 994,876 288, 814 238,674 381, 742 418,612 472,601 161,920 279,263 268,674 15,073,423 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 9.1 4.3 2.3 10.7 9.0 4.6 6.2 1.5 3.9 3.3 1.5 2.2 1.3 1.7 2.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.6 32.0 PEE CENT OF INCBEASE.l Wage earners (average number). 190»- 1914 -2.8 17.9 39.4 -8.2 21.7 -24.5 38.6 6.4 -39.3 32-0 26-5 31-5 -46-0 82.4 38.9 -22.7 -8.0 -28.2 0.8 37.5 1904- 1909 28.7 166.8 16.6 24.4 30.8 32.7 41.3 53.1 64.4 180.7 46.0 17.0 25.9 63.7 -11.2 81.9 25.5 Value of products. 1899- 1904 -6.4 -10.3 0.3 13.8 59-5 7.1 -5-1 32.9 '56."2' 19.6 -46. 9 13.6 42-7 48.4 1909- 1914 6-2 31.8 -4.2 0.9 4.0 20.6 -22.5 53.7 -8.7 -41.1 17.7 7.9 30.0 -43.3 90.6 164.0 52.1 -21.2' 14.7 13.2 -11.2 77.8 1904- 1909 29.9 190.6 36.1 27.3 24.7 49.4 56.2 67.6 86.1 82.9 49.3 31.3 219.3 82,7 4.3 51.6 107.8 39.0 88.1 Value added by manufacture. 1899- 1904 12.4 -23.5 30.2 47.9 67.4 65.3 -5.3 102.2 63.9 63.1 49.8 -10.1 66.7 30.5 44.0 84-3 -52.1 1909- 1914 -5.0 49.7 -8.0 -2.1 7.2 28.2 -20.9 64.7 24.0 -44.2 -17.3 22.7 25.8 -47.4 145.1 64.2 -37.0 6,3 33.9 -21.4 78.1 1904- 1909 33.8 151.3 21.3 24.1 52.3 42.9 44.6 64.9 118,4 52.6 25-8 30.0 162,7 61,4 3,1 45,6 82,8 24,6 65.9 1899- 1904 30, i -12,9 46, T 44,6 39.3 57.7 -0.3 9.9- 151.3 37.0 100.5 38,8 -16.3 57.1 44.2 76,3 -3a 5 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 30; a minus sign (- can not be given. -) denotes decrease: percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures Separate statistics are presented for 23 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $500,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding $10,- 000,000 each in value, 3 with products between $5,- 000,000 and $10,000,000, 12 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 6 with products val- ued at less than $1,000,000 each. Among those included under the head of ' 'all other industries" are the following, which have products exceeding in value some of those presented in the table : Smeltmg, lead ; iron and steel, steel works and rolling miUs ; iron and steel, blast furnaces ; coke, not including gas-house coke; explosives; smelting and refining, zinc; cement; chemicals; sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids ; and clothing, men's, the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the pos- sibihty of disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Digitized by The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of prod- ucts, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The beet- sugar industry ranked first in value of products but- second in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing ranked second in value of products, but sixth in value added by manufacture and seventh in number of wage earners. Flour milling and gristmUUng ranked third in value of products, ninth in value added by manufacture, and thirteenth in number of wage earn- ers. Printing and publishing ranked fourth in value of products, first in value added by manufacture, and third in number of wage earners. The operations of steam-raUroad repair shops ranked fii-st in number of wage earners, fifth in value of work done, and third by manufacture. Foundries and ma- MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 143 chine shops ranked seventh in value of products and fourth in value added by manufacture and number of wage earners. In rank according to value of products, there were a few changes in 1914, as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, slaughtering and meat packing, flour milling and gristmOling, printing and pubhshing, and the opera- tions of steam-railroad repair shops held the same relative rank in 1914 as in 1909. Separate statistics for the manufacture of sugar from beets are shown for the first time in 1914 in this state, and as the industry is the most important one in the state for which figures can be given, it takes first place in rank, and the other industries in that year are lowered rela- tively by one. Bread and other bakery products, foundry and machine-shop products, butter, cheese, and condensed mUk, and the malt-liquor industry, ranking sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth, respectively, in 1914, were seventh, fifth, ninth, and eighth, respec- tively, in 1909. For the remainder of the industries slight changes from census to census are noticeable. Sugar, heet. — This industry was not shown for Col- orado in 1909, as to have done so would have dis- closed individual operations, hence no comparison can be made with that year. In 1914 Colorado ranked first among beet-sugar producing states with 13 establishments employing 2,268 wage earners, which represented 8.3 per cent of all the wage earners em- ployed in manufacturing industries in the state. The value of products was $17,635,556, or 12.9 per cent of the total value of manufactures; and the value added by manufacture was $4,278,527, or 9.1 per cent of the total for the state. Slaughtering and meat pacJcing. — In 1914, 16 estab- lishments were reported as engaged in the slaughter- ing and meat-packing industry in Colorado, as com- pared with 13 in 1909. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the total value of products increased from $9,656,810 to $12,726,127, or 31.8 per cent; the average number of wage earners from 659 to 777, or 17.9 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $1,362,031 to $2,039,201, or 49.7 per cent. Eight of the 16 establishments reported for the indus- try were located in Denver, and the value of their out- put represented 88.2 per cent of the total reported for the industry in the state. Flour^mill and gristmill products. — Reports were re- ceived for 83 estabhshments in 1914 doing merchant grinding, as compared with 77 in 1909. There was also an increase in number of wage earners of 111, or 39.4 per cent ; but decreases in value of products of $332,073, or 4.2 per cent; and in value added by man- ufacture of $95,537, or 8 per cent. Machinery is used largely in the industry and comparatively few employees are required, therefore the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is small in comparison with the corre^^f^Jp^gQ^TfyY tions for most other industries. Printing and puilisliing. — This classification in- cludes the printing and pubhshing of books, news- papers, and periodicals; job printing; bookbinding and blank-book making; engraving, steel and copper plate; plate printing; and lithographing. Separate statistics for several branches of the industry are shown in Table 31. In 1914 there were 475 estabhshments reported under the combined classification, which was nearly one-fourth of the total number of estabhshments in the state. There was an increase of 36, or 8.2 per cent, in number of estabhshments for the five-year period 1909 to 1914; and of $65,699, or nine-tenths of 1 per cent, in value of products ; but decreases in number of wage earners of 193, or 8.2 per cent; and in value added by manufacture, $105,357, or 2.1 per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. — The statistics for this in- dustry represent the work done in car shops operated by steam-railroad companies. The operations con- sist principally of repairs to rolhng stock and equip- ment but includes also shopwork done for the track and bridge and building departments. Although there was a decrease of four establishments during the period 1909-1914, there was an increase of 356 in the number of wage earners employed. In 1914 there were 4,349 wage earners employed in the industry, which was 15.9 per cent of the total for all manu- facturing establishments of the state, the largest number of wage earners reported for any of the in- dustries shown separately. The value of the work done was $6,821,673. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms. " Table 3 All classes Proprietors and oflicials. Proprietors and firm mem'bers . . Salaried officers of corporations. . Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees Wage earners (average number). 16 years of age and over . VliaMsm^e.g.... Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANU- FACTUEING INDUSTKIES. Total. 33, 715 34, 115 3,111 3,009 1,716 1,722 469 422 926 3,326 3,039 27,278 28,067 27, 158 27,902 120 165 Male. 30,568 31,381 2,986 2,906 1,629 1,634 444 413 913 859 2, 622 2,518 24,960 25,957 24,848 25,808 112 149 Fe- male. 3,147 2, 734 125 103 704 521 2,318 2,110 2,310 2,094 8 16 Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 90.7 92.0 96.0 96.6 94.9 94.9 94.7 97.9 98.6 99.3 78.8 82.9 91.5 92.5 91.5 92.5 93.3 90.3 9.3 &0 4.0 3.4 5.1 6.1 5.3 2.1 1.4 0.7 21.2 17.1 7.5 8.5 7. .5 6./ 9.7 144 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures in the state was 33,715, of whom 27,278, or eight-tenths, were wage earners. A predominating proportion of the total number employed, 90.7 per cent, were males, a decrease, however, since 1909 when the proportion was 92 per cent. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a shght increase in the proportion of females employed in the state. The largest number of females, 2,318, were employed as wage earners, but the largest proportion (21.2 per cent) were reported as clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914, and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average niunber) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED m MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. -1.2 3.4 -0.3 11.1 7.1 9.4 -2.8 -2.7 -27.3 Male. -2.6 2.8 -0.3 7.5 6.3 4.1 -3.7 -24.8 Female. 35.1 9.9 10.3 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 9.2 5.1 1.4 2.7 9.9 80.6 0.4 5.0 1.2 2.5 8.9 82.3 81.8 0.5 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 5.3 1.5 3.0 8.6 81.7 81.3 0.4 100.0 9.3 5.2 1.3 2.7 8.0 82.7 82.2 0.5 Female 1914 1909 100.0 4.0 2.8 0.8 0.4 22.4 73.7 73.4 0.3 100.0 3.2 0.3 0.2 19.1 77.2 76.6 0.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted whore base is less' than 100. With the exception of salaried officers of corpora- tions, superintendents and managers, and clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, this table shows a decrease during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees. The decrease in pro- prietors and firm members is due in part to changes in organization of ownership, as shown in Table 14. A number of the estabhshments operated by individuals or firms in 1909 were later incorporated, and the pro- prietors and firm members reported in 1909 were in some instances returned as salaried officials in 1914. There was a decrease of 27.3 per cent in wage earners under 16 years of age, but the proportion which this class formed of the total was only four-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and five-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes com- bined, 11.1 per cent, is shown for salaried officers of corporations. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented. 80.6 per cent of the total number of persons employed in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914, as compared with 81.8 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earher census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Each of the classes given in this table, as well as the total for aU classes combined, shows increases for the decade 1904-1914, and for the five-year period 1904-1909, while only one class, salaried employees, shows an increase for the five-year period 1909-1914. Salaried employees formed an increasing proportion Digitized by of the total from census to census, but wage earners decreased from 84.3 per cent of the total in 1904 to 80.9 per cent in 1914. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 33,715 34, 115 25,888 100.0 100.0 100.0 -1.2 31 8 Proprietors and firm members 1,716 4,721 27,278 1,722 4,326 28,067 1,398 2,677 21,813 5.1 14.0 80.9 5.0 12.7 82.3 6.4 10.3 84.3 -0.3 9.1 -2.8 23.2 Wage earners (average) 28.7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows for some of the important industries separately a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For aU industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over, as well as that for children under 16, has been less at each successive census, while the proportion of female wage earners has increased slightly during each five-year period. The actual number of male wage earners employed in- creased during the ten-year period 1904-1914, although there was a shght decrease during the five-year period 1909-1914. Of the 18 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 10 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of male wage earners, 7 an IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO . 145 increase in the proportion of females, and 5 an increase in proportion of children under 16 years of age. Table 6 Census year. ■WAGE EARNERS. Average number.! Per cent of total. nrousTBT. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years of age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 27,278 28,067 21,813 91.1 92.0 92.4 8.5 7.5 6.2 0.4 0.6 1.4 1,082 889 68.2 71.2 31.0 27.1 0.8 1.7 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. 1914 1909 614 1,136 97.9 98.2 1.5 0.3 0.7 1.4 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 1914 1909 291 210 82.1 77.6 17.9 22.4 1914 1909 684 518 52.0 33.2 47.2 66.0 0.7 0.8 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 4,349 3,993 99.9 99.9 0.1 m Confectionery 1914 1909 459 349 39.9 39.9 59.3 60.1 0.9 J'lour-niill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 393 282 99.5 99.6 0.2 0.3 0.4 Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied. 1914 1909 218 157 95.4 93.0 4.6 7.0 Foundry and machine-shop products 1914 1909 1,369 1,813 99.6 99.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.7 Oflfl^ iTliiTninatiTiE and hpatin^ 1914 1909 387 306 99.7 100.0 0.3 Tcflj Tnannfftntnred 1914 1909 231 251 99.1 99.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 Leather goods 1914 1909 218 269 98.6 85.5 0.5 14.5 0.9 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 451 424 100.0 99.3 0.7 1914 1909 1,330 2,190 99.6 98.9 0.3 1.0 0.1 0.1 1914 1909 487 267 99.6 100.0 0.2 0.2 "Printing and publishing 1914 1909 2,173 2,366 84.2 81.7 12.8 16.0 3.0 2.4 Slaughtering and meat packing 1914 1909 777 659 96.0 95.9 3.4 2.1 0.5 2.0 1914 1909 330 427 82.4 80.8 17.3 las 0.3 0.9 All other industries 1914 1909 11,435 11,561 91.7 93.6 8.2 6.1 0.2 0.3 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average nmnber for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The table shows the Hmited extent to which women and children are employed as wage earners in the state. The largest proportions of women employees were in the confectionery, bakery, and canning and preserving estabhshments. The largest proportion of children were employed in the printing and pubhshing establishments, where it represents 65 children, the largest mmaber reported by any of the industries shown in the table. There were, however, only 120 children under 16 years of age employed in aU indus- tries in Colorado in 1914, as compared with 165 in 1909. In 1909 a small proportion of children was employed in the malt-hquor industry, but in 1914 none of this class was reported, an(0^/fe#i®f 4P]^ industry that employed exclusively male wage earners in that year . 821012=Jii=llL Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS IN — SEX AND AOE. 1 ■3 o m 5 ft 1 s 1 o 1 5 d 1 i I Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 90 638 616 410 11,062 111,639 9,672 85 170 908 11,065 941 236 220 16 years of age and over: Male... 83 4 3 494 459 327 36 55 51 8 2 32 9,278 10,102 8,476 1,709 1,430 1,048 75 107 148 81 118 785 953 863 119 111 75 4 1 3 2)8 206 Female. , 4 51 18 14 Under 16 years of age . - . 1 Per cent of total; 16 years of age and over- Male....! 92.2 i'i' 3.3 9L8 89.0 79.8 6.7 10.7 12.4 1.5 0.4 7.8 83.9 86.8 87.6 15.4 12.3 10.8 0.7 0.9 1.5 95.3 69.4 86.5 89.5 91.7 13.1 10.4 8.0 0.4 0.1 0.3 92.4 93.6 4.7 30.0 7.6 6.4 Under 16 years of age 0.6 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located withm the corporate limits of the city. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.l CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 31.2 4.3 25.9 14.4 -5.0 20.3 -3.5 -14.7 13.2 7.3 5L1 7.6 40.4 9.5 • -8.2 19.2 -9.0 -17.6 10.4 5.8 Denver 63.1 19.5 36.5 -49.3 -29.9 -27.7 7.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or where comparable figures can not be given. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city. The cities in which the proportion of adult males in 1914 was below 90 per cent were Denver, Greeley, and Pueblo and in each of these places it was over 65 per cent. In Denver and Pueblo the proportion of male wage earners de- creased from census to census. The proportions for f^/^jp(®g)j^^@ibtned were 84.5 per cent for men, 14.8 per cent for women, and seven-tenths of 1 per cent for children. 146 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. In Denver, by far the most important city in the state in respect to number of wage earners employed, the percentage of males 16 years of age and over decreased from 86.8 in 1909 to 83.9 in 1914, and dur- ing the same period the percentage of adult females increased from 12.3 to 15.4, while that of children em- ployed as wage earners decreased from nine-tenths of 1 per cent to seven-tenths of 1 per cent. The highest percentage of increase in the total nmnber of wage earners during the ten-year period 1904 to 1914 is shown for Colorado Springs, 31.2, and the next highest, 14.4, for Denver. Wage earners employed, by months. — ^The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. For 1914 the faU months show the greatest activity in the combined indiistries of the state^ the maximum number (31,004) of wage earners appearing for October and the minimum number (24,519) for February. Although two of the important industries of the state — the beet sugar and canning and preserving — are sea- sonal, the fluctuations in employment are not great enough to influence the steadiness of employment for aU industries. The year 1909 shows practically the same condition, the maximum month being November and the minimum February, while in 1904 the maxi- mum month was October and the minimum month January. Table 9 WAGE EARNERS IN MANUTACTUBING INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Number.' Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 26,.S16 21, 519 24,836 25,489 25, 710 26,867 28, 258 27,994 27,959 31,004 29,667 28,417 27,962 25, 181 25,374 25,531 25,835 27, 059 28,099 28, 238 28,415 31,026 32, 080 32,034 18, 760 18,880 19,940 20,647 21, 189 21,788 22,434 22,990 23,077 24, 653 23,892 23,508 86.5 79.1 80.1 82.2 82.9 86.0 91.1 90.3 90.2 100.0 95.7 91.7 87.2 78.6 79.2 79.7 80.6 84.4 87.7 88.1 88.7 96.8 100.0 90.9 76.1 Febmarv 76.6 80.9 April 83.S Miy 85.9 88.4 July 91.0 93.3 93.6 October 100.0 96.9 95.3 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those tor 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. The greatest difference between the wage earners reported for the months of maximum or minimum employment in any one ol the three census years was 6,869, or 21.4 per cent of the maximum, in 1909. The corresponding percentage for 1914 was 20.9. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table lO INDCSTEY AND CITY. All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Confectionery Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminating and heatmg Ice, manufactured Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars All other Industries Total for cities BotTLDEE Colorado Springs Denver Fort Collins Greeley Pueblo Trinidad WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 27, 278 1,082 614 291 684 4,349 459 393 218 1,309 387 231 218 451 1,330 487 2,173 777 330 11,435 13,089 90 .538 11,062 85 170 908 236 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 26, 816 1,0S7 U9 258 171 4,160 427 386 296 1,420 401 169 212 459 1,161 S67 2,170 826 325 12, 143 12, 730 83 SOS 10,836 77 109 882 238 Dtgt Feb- ruary. B4,S19 1,038 508 «57 176 4,100 436 378 290 1,365 384 171 214 453 1,168 405 2,168 783 326 9,899 11, SSI 85 511 io,eei 81 108 sie 230 March. 24,836 1,048 527 262 207 4,133 425 386 252 1,360 185 230 452 1,093 449 2,217 802 329 10,097 12,820 85 520 10,935 88 114 851 229 AprU. 25,489 1,060 605 296 230 4,008 409 362 163 1,356 423 233 465 1,105 470 2,174 807 332 10, 793 12,980 93 536 11,041 80 114 876 240 May. 25,710 1,040 667 303 263 4,037 453 364 134 1,377 436 m9 464 1,240 520 2,144 784 336 10,691 13,012 92 545 11,024 80 113 931 227 June. 26,667 1,087 788 329 490 4,205 457 361 119 1,125 441 212 466 1,505 583 2,156 830 336 10,588 13,432 563 11,373 82 121 968 £S6 July. August. 28,258 1,107 777 325 1,575 426 364 141 322 216 462 1,643 626 2,148 730 sm 10,684 13.749 90 589 11,343 90 414 987 236 ized by Microsoft© Sep- tember. 27,994 1,135 716 307 1,645 4,702 436 416 171 1,388 377 338 219 458 1,547 510 2,1S4 699 324 10. 472 13,456 94 578 11,198 93 287 966 240 27,959 1,134 627 295 1,519 4,605 485 429 255 1,375 353 215 450 1,431 521 2,164 e8S 327 10, 791 13,183 92 551 11, 115 92 195 899 239 Octo- ber. Novem- ber. 31,004 1,096 598 283 1,083 4,679 506 428 283 1,354 350 222 221 435 1,466 535 2,192 800 332 14, 141 13,222 532 11, 180 86 188 909 239 29,667 1,101 580 292 550 4,564 514 418 258 1,317 358 181 217 426 1,302 494 2,204 790 338 13,783 13, 108 91 518 11,129 86 151 895 238 Decem- ber. 28,417 1,101 526 285 299 4,317 534 424 255 l,g99 327 161 218 422 1,299 484 2,205 788 335 13, 158 12,845 508 10,908 87 126 886 244 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- miun. 79.1 91.4 67.0 78.1 10.4 85.2 76.6 84.1 40.3 91.2 74.1 47.0 89.7 90.6 66.5 63.0 98.3 82.5 94.7 70.0 91.1 83.8 86.7 93.8 82.8 26.1 85.7 92.6 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 147 Many of the important industries of the state show a fair degree of stabihty of employment of wage earners, although in some of the industries there is a marked variation in the number reported for the different months. The greatest fluctuation is shown for the canning and preserving industry, where the number of wage earners in January (171) formed but 10.4 per cent of the 1,645 in August. The manu- facture of food preparations and of ice also show a great variation in the number of wage earners employed, the minimum month forming 40.3 per cent and 47 per cent, respectively, of the maximum month. The greatest stabihty of employment is shown for printing and pubhshing, for which the proportion the minimum number formed of the maximum was 96.3 per cent. Other industries showing but shght fluctuation are the bakeries, foundries and machine shops, and the manufacture of malt hquors and cigars, in which industries the minimum number formed 91.4, 91.2, 90.6, and 94.7 per cent, respectively, of the maximum. Of the seven cities, Denver shows the greatest stabihty of employment, where the percentage which the minimum number of wage earners formed of the maximum was 93.8. The greatest degree of fluctua- tion appears for Greeley, where the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum was only 26.1, due to the prominence of the canning industry in that city- Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries combined and for selected industries, has been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevaihng in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 11 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 64. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries . . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 ^ 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 . 1914 IZ&C 27,278 28,067 7,442 4,587 1,723 1,787 2,647 3,463 5,438 3,588 5,179 8,211 2,723 3,213 1,493 2,198 633 1,020 Bread and other bakery products 1,082 889 614 1,136 291 210 684 518 4,349 3,993 ^69 349 393 282 218 167 1,369 1,813 387 306 231 261 218 269 461 424 1,330 2,190 487 267 2,173 2,366 777 669 330 427 11,435 11,561 13,089 511 88 80 339 11 6 84 48 659 49 1 78 239 83 33 102 31 60 389 24 145 263 173 19 5 10 24 36 483 909 34 1 129 178 184 40 103 2 9 3 1,640 100 14 144 4 16 118 605 236 656 61 39 79 436 196 726 86 160 64 172 66 5B 168 349 28 21 3 6 11 3 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 2 9 71 102 44 7 1,465 2,222 5 9 229 71 5 1 Canning a,Tiii prfi. Number of establishments 909,537 799,024 539,700 2,126 2,034 1,323 27,278 28,067 19,498 $136,839,321 130,044,312 89,067,879 47,083,019 49,553,408 28,317,095 41.0 37.2 38.1 56.4 46.5 66.4 48.0 47.9 66.9 40.1 40.3 62.2 48.5 46.7 56.5 •27.0 26.7 24.8 41.6 37.6 43.4 40.6 41.5 43.6 34.3 36.1 42.6 40.3 40.5 47.5 636,614 501,966 333,997 949 1,088 677 14,189 14,627 8,405 $81,941,633 77,563,683 42,653,266 24,261,028 26,401,655 12,327,152 59.0 62.8 61.0 44.6 Average number of wage earners 63.5 43.6 52.0 52.1 43.1 59.9 Value added by manufacture 0.6 8.0 2.6 1.0 6.3 4,741,616 1,439,609 2,697,967 2,560,659 767,999 69.6 47.8 61.6 63.3 43.5 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 149 In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that Boulder, Fort Collins, and Greeley had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, but were included ia the districts outside of the cities at prior censuses. Trinidad, which had a popu- lation of 10,000 and over at the censuses of 1914 and 1910, was included in the outside districts at the census of 1900. The decrease in population of some of the cities has also affected the proportions of urban and rural manufactures. In 1900 Cripple Creek and Leadville were included in the group of " 10,000 to 25,000" population, but at the following census the population had decreased so that they were included in the districts outside of cities in 1910. With the exception of the number of estabUshments, the pro- portions for the districts outside are greater than those for the cities. The table shows that for 1914 the cities, which represented 41 per cent of 'the esti- mated population of the state, reported 55.4 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, 48.5 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 48 per cent of the average number of wage earners, and 40.1 per cent of the total value of products. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Denver, the largest and most important city in the state in respect to value of manufactured products and number of wage earners, shows an increase in value of products at each successive census. In 1914 this city contributed 34.3 per cent of the total value of products of the state and reported 40.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners employed. The principal industries were slaughtering and meat pack- ing, printing and publishing, foundry and machine shops, bakeries, steam-radroad repair shops, butter making, and flour mills and gristmills. The principal industries in Pueblo were the manufacture of malt hquors, printing and pubHshing, steam-railroad repair shops, saddlery and harness, and brick and tile; in Colorado Springs, printing and publishing, butter making, bakeries, the manufacture of gas, and steam- railroad repair shops; in Greeley, flour miUs and grist- mills, and canning and preserving; in Trinidad, brew- eries, mineral waters, and bakeries; in Fort Collins, flour miUs and gristmills, and printing and publishing; in Boulder, flour mills and gristmills, and printing and publishiag. Table 13 CITY. AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAOE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Denver . 11,062 908 338 170 236 85 90 111,639 11,066 516 9,672 941 410 $46,982,273 3,323,598 1,906,832 909,476 846,409 488,784 440,316 > $46, 924, 760 13,008,757 1,732,759 $38,660,410 2,197,293 1,100,77] Pueblo Colorado Springs. Greeley TrinMHfl 220 814,353 Fort Collins Boulder 1 Figures do aot agree with those published, because it was necessary to reTise the totals in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual citieS: the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 150 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. Table 14 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF AVERAGE^ NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— Total. In establish- ments owned by — Percent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All induatriey 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,123 987 886 709 698 478 294 349 242 27,278 28,067 21, 813 2,703 2,539 2,586 23,738 24,152 18,169 837 1,376 1,058 9.9 9.0 11.9 87.0 86.1 83.3 3.1 4.9 4.9 .«136,839,321 130,044,312 100,143,999 89,073,660 8,104,923 7,794,408 S124,513,226 116,991,543 89, .377, 091 $3,252,435 4,947,846 2,972,500 6.6 6.2 7.8 91.0 90.0 89.2 2.4 3.8 3.0 Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Lumber and timber pr->d- ucts. Printing and publishing . . . Total tor cities 219 18S 14 27 14 15 15 15 46 38 131 133 296 253 675 25 37 34 10 58 48 61 66 49 118 116 442 46 40 7 11 13 14 10 14 23 17 39 59 62 70 160 1,082 889 614 1,136 291 210 393 282 1,369 1,813 1,330 2,190 2,173 2,366 13,089 367 313 27 126 46 48 18 12 166 173 449 535 453 480 1,524 641 515 561 953 218 138 364 265 1,105 1,529 751 1,391 1,573 1,715 11,046 84 61 26 57 27 24 11 15 98 111 130 264 147 171 519 33.0 35.2 4.4 11.1 15.8 22.9 4.6 4.3 12.1 9.5 .33.8 24.4 20.8 20.3 11.6 59.2 57.9 91.4 &3.9 74.9 65.7 92.6 90.4 80.7 84.3 56.5 63.5 72.4 72.5 84.4 7.8 6.9 4.2 6.0 9.3 11.4 2.8 5.3 7.2 6.1 9 8 12.1 6.8 7.2 4.0 4,785,318 3,968,760 1,194,477 2,105,864 3,596,565 2,339,765 7,5"5,r>^3 7,867,706 4, .575, .315 5,906,595 2,46.3,127 4,184,864 7,027,420 6,961,721 54,897,688 1,608,808 1,521,651 41,341 179, 076 421,227 649,221 205,984 30:i,675 445,446 641,931 720,987 1,067,967 1,227,890 1,275,015 5,387,011 2,752,366 2,092,107 1,119,1.50 1,855,118 2,910,176 1,514,069 7,048,962 7,206,746 3,886,767 4,960,969 1,529,684 2,682,368 5,327,352 6,244,351 47,372,335 424, 145 355,002 33,986 71,670 265,162 176,475 190,687 357,286 243, ia3 303,695 212,456 434,529 472,178 442,355 2,138,342 33.6 38.3 3.5 8.5 11.7 27.7 3.9 3.9 9.7 10.9 29.3 25.5 17.5 18.3 9.8 57.5 52.7 93.7 88.1 80.9 64.7 93.5 91.6 85.0 84.0 62.1 64.1 75.8 75.3 86.3 &9 8.9 2.8 3.4 7.4 7.5 2.5 4.5 6.3 5.1 8.6 10.4 6.7 6.4 3.9 Boulder . 17 35 442 18 18 37 8 8 30 329 9 12 34 20 7 9 114 7 7 10 6 90 5'!8 11,062 86 170 908 236 31 77 1,219 19 25 124 29 42 428 9,416 68 141 762 199 17 33 427 8 4 22 8 34.4 14.3 11.0 22.4 14.7 13.7 12.3 46.7 79.6 85.1 68.2 82.9 83.9 84.3 18.9 6.1 3.9 9.4 2.4 2.4 3.4 440,316 1,906,832 46,982,273 488,784 909,476 3,323,598 846,409 179,292 349,706 4,131,338 83,204 105,868 440,006 97,597 193,269 1,398,092 41,166,077 351,986 766,811 2, 799, 169 696,931 67,755 159,034 1,684,858 53,594 36,797 84,423 51,881 40.7 18.3 8 8 17.0 11.6 13.2 11.5 43.9 73.3 87.6 72.0 84.3 84.2 82.3 16.4 Colorado Springs Denver 8.3 3.6 11.0 CiftV.V.J.V.Y 4.0 2.5 6.1 The most important distinction shown is that be- tween corporate and all other forms of ownership. The table shows for aU industries combined an increase during the decade in the number of estabhshments throughout the state under each form of ownership. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments, over one-half of the total in 1914, is shown for those under individual ownership; but in value of products and average number of wage earners, those owned by corporations greatly predominate. In 1914, although only 33.3 per cent of the total number of estabhsh- ments in Colorado were under corporate ownership, this class reported 91 per cent of the total value of products and 87 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions are only shghtly less, with the exception of the number of estabhshments. For both 1914 and 1909, the largest proportions of the total value of products and number of wage earners for each of the seven industries for which separate figures are given is shown for establishments under corporate ownership. In the bakery, foundry and machine-shop, lumber and timber, and printing and pubhshing industries, however, the establishments were largely controlled by individual and other forms of ownership. In each of the seven cities, with the exception of Trinidad, the majority of the estabhshments were un- der individual and other forms of ownership. The pro- portions shown under corporate ownership were greatly in excess in both average number of wage earners and value of products in each city, except Boulder, where the percentage of average number of wage earners was 46.7 and that of value of products 43.9. The tendency for manufacturing to become con- centrcted in large estabhshments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Of the 2,126 manufacturing establishments reported for 1914, 174 estabhshments, or 8.2 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value. These estabhshments, however, employed an average of 19,996 wage earners, or 73.3 per cent of the total average nimiber of wage earners for the state, and reported 83.5 per cent of the total value of products and 74.7 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estabhshments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 42.6 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 1.6 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts. The greatest percentage of average number of wage earners, of value of products, and of value added by manufacture was reported by estabhshments whose products were valued at $100,000 or more. There was a considerable increase during the five- year period 1909-1914, as measured by value of prod- ucts and value added by manufacture, in the relative importance of the largest establishments— those re- porting products valued at $1,000,000 and over. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 151 Table 15 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 2,126 2,034 1,606 27,278 28,067 21,813 $136,839,321 $130,044,312 $100,143,999 $47,083,019 $49,553,408 $37,029,602 Lflss than S5 000 905 730 317 148 26 760 748 351 155 20 627 575 272 116 16 779 • 2,584 3,919 10, 731 9,266 731 2,885 4,632 11,914 7,905 644 2,294 3,970 9,309 5,596 2, 198, 182 7,182,169 13,142,811 42,408,192 71,907,967 1,862,931 7,604,778 14; 497,582 47,633,323 68,646,700 1,629,067 5,712,975 11,250,852 30,880,642 60,670,463 1,493,688 4,266,768 6,148,768 17,926,607 17,248,188 1,257,050 4,692,917 7,938,415 20,433,682 15,231,444 1,137,197 $6 000 to $20,000 3, 730, 117 $20,000 to $100,000 6,322,999 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 14,811,848 11,027,441 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 less than $5,000 42.6 34.3 14.9 i.O 1.2 37.4 36.8 17.3 7.6 1.0 39.0 35.8 16.9 7.2 1.0 2.9 9,5 14.4 39.3 34.0 2.6 10.3 16.6 42.4 28.2 3.0 10.6 18.2 42.7 26.7 1.6 6.2 9.6 31.0 52.6 1.4 5.8 11.1 36.6 46.1 1.6 5.7 11.2 30.8 50.6 3.2 9.1 13.1 38.1 36.6 2.5 9.6 16.0 41.2 30.7 3.1 $6, 000 to $20,000 10.1 S20,000 to $100,000 17.1 SIOO.OOO to $1 ,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 40.0 29. S Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for seven of the more important industries, a classification of estab- lishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for aU industries combined. Table 16 INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Bread and other bakery products less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 1 NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 285 116 141 21 7 46 Butter, cheese, and con- densed MILK Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Flour-mill and gristmill products Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Foundry and machine-shop products Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. LUMBER AND TIMBER PROD- UCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.-1. $100,000 to $1,000,000. PrINTINQ and PUBLISHING. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over... 130 219 129 60 4 475 296 130 36 2 13 250 103 117 25 5 75 77 111 107 111 37 8 242 140 44 13 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 40.7 49.6 7.4 2.5 100.0 45.7 32.6 21.7 100.0 11.6 42.6 31.1 14.8 100.0 14.5 31.3 30.1 24.1 100.0 23.1 24.6 7.7 100.0 58.9 27.4 11.9 LB 439 100. 62.3 27.4 7.6 2.7 100.0 41.2 46.8 10.0 2.0 100.0 29.3 41.3 100.0 28.2 33.3 23.1 15.4 100.0 18.2 27.3 31.2 23.4 100.0 18.9 33.3 32.4 15.3 100.0 40.7 42.2 14.1 3.0 100.0 55.1 31.9 10.0 3.0 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1,082 63 283 219 627 393 5 22 73 293 48 264 578 1,330 153 373 408 396 2,173 251 449 430 1,043 1909 Per cent distribution. 43 233 201 412 1,136 60 218 868 210 159 18 66 190 1,813 23 146 569 1,075 2,190 165 669 530 836 2,366 245 498 541 1,082 1914 100.0 4.9 26.2 20.2 48.7 100.0 6.4 19.4 74.3 100.0 1.0 10.0 24.4 64.6 100.0 1.3 5.6 18.6 74.5 100.0 18.6 36.7 42.2 100.0 11.5 28.0 30.7 100.0 11.6 20.7 19.8 48.0 1909 100.0 4.8 26.2 22.6 46.3 100.0 4.4 19.2 76.4 100.0 100.0 2.8 6.4 23.4 67.4 100.0 1.3 8.1 31.4 59.3 100.0 7.1 30.5 24.2 38.2 100.0 10.4 21.0 22.9 45.7 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 *4, 785, 318 339,962 1, 207, 362 885,025 2,352,979 1, 194, 477 49, 105 144,411 1,000,961 3,596,566 17, 240 271,616 860, 907 2,446,802 7,535,633 40, 267 295, 309 1,068,921 6, 131, 136 4,576,315 87, 147 567, 216 1, 420, 167 2, 600, 785 245, 389 668, 758 809, 333 739, 647 7, 027, 420 S3, 968, 760 286, 748 1, 115, 805 919,499 1,646,708 2, 105, 864 63,779 324, 228 1, 717, 857 2,339,765 29,666 143, 860 292, 778 1, 873, 562 7, 867, 706 39,962 239, 672 1, 136, 356 6, 451, 826 5, 906, 595 63, 185 351,719 1,690,993 3,800,698 4, 184, 864 224,862 1, 219, 195 1,332,738 1,408,069 6,961,721 607, 125 1,295,516 1,664,825 3,394,256 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 7.1 25.2 18.5 49.2 4.1 12.1 100.0 0.5 7.6 23.9 68.0 100.0 0.5 3.9 14.2 81.4 100.0 1.9 12.4 31.0 54.7 100.0 10.0 27.2 32.9 30.0 100.0 10.1 17.1 19.3 63.5 100.0 7.2 28.1 23.2 41.5 3.0 15.4 81.6 100.0 1.3 6.1 12.5 80.1 100.0 0.5 3.0 14.4 82.0 100.0 1.1 6.0 28.6 64.3 100.0 5.4 29.1 31.8 33.6 100.0 8.7 18.6 23.9 48.8 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. $2,143,312 157, 716 567, 405 326, 039 1, 103, 162 782, 713 37,963 102,483 642,267 684,901 4,943 58, 522 170, 752 450,684 1,099,855 10,362 60, 264 184, 875 844, 364 2, 453, 581 63,968 383,599 716,562 1, 289, 452 1, 555, 278 190, 624 461, 790 490, 456 412, 409 6,050,252 584, 479 976,955 971,851 2,516,967 1909 $1,671,752 126,509 505,074 396,224 643,945 1, 486, 190 51,300 265, 268 1, 179, 632 416, 163 7,564 30, 151 67,231 321,217 1,196,392 8,171 40,368 224,601 916, 252 3, 102, 635 43, 636 236,204 922,924 1, 899, 871 2,788,905 I 176, 638 850, 691 864, 428 897, 248 5, 155, 609 490, 769 1,051,127 1,302,328 2,311,385 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 7.4 26.0 15.2 51.5 100.0 4.9 13.1 82.0 100.0 0.7 8.5 24.9 66.8 100.0 0.9 6.6 16.8 76.8 100.0 2.6 16.6 29.2 52.6 100.0 12.3 29.7 31.5 26.5 100.0 U.6 19.3 19:2 100.0 7.6 30.2 23.7 38.5 100.0 3.5 17.2 79.4 100. 1.8 7.2 13,8 77.2 100.0 0.7 3.9 18.8 76.6 100.0 L4 7.6 29.7 61.2 100.0 6.3 30.6 31.(1 32.2 100.0 9.5 20.4 25.3 44.8 ' Includes the group "5100,000 to $1,000,000." 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows and printing and publishing — there were increases that for four of the seven induatriesjr-bakeiies, for each itepa^ with the exception of number of wage foundries and machine shops, luml 'OTftSfe limiber and timber industry, for estab- J 52 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. lishments having products under $5,000 in value, and for the other three industries in the table decreases in each item for the same class of establishments. For the industries with establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over the bakeries, and cream- eries show increases in each item. Although there was an actual increase in the butter, cheese, and condensed-mUk industry in each respect, during the period 1909 to 1914, the proportion which these large establishments formed of the industry was less in 1914 than in 1909. The flour-mill and gristmill, foundry and machine-shop, and lumber and timber industries show decreases in each item, with the exception of ntmiber of establishments and average number of wage earners in the flour miUs and grist- mills. For the larger establishments, in the foundry and machine-shop and lumber and timber industries, proportional as well as actual decreases occurred during the five years from 1909 to 1914. In the printing and publishing industry the number of large establish- ments remained unchanged but the number of wage earners decreased, while the value of products and value added by manufactuxe increased during the period 1909-1914. For each industry shown, with the exception of the lumber and timber industry in 1914, the largest pro- portion of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture was reported for establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found for all industries combined throughout the state — a greater proportion of the number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture being reported for the larger establishments. In Denver and Pueblo the largest proportion of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture was shown for establishments having products of $100,000 and over. In Colorado Springs the group "$20,000 to $100,000" represented the largest pro- portion in value of products and value added by manu- facture. Each of the cities shows a considerable proportion of the total number of establishments as having products valued at less than $20,000, but their combined value of products was relatively small. In Boulder, however, the group "$5,000 to $20,000" represented 64.4 per cent of the wage earners employed in the city, with 44.9 per cent of the value of products, and 63.4 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Table 17 i si WAGE EARNERS. value op prod- ucts. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFAC- TURE. PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent ol total. 32 90 100.0 $440,316 100.0 $186, 810 100.0 Less than SS,000 12 16 4 74 6 58 26 538 6.7 64.4 28.9 100.0 29,640 197,568 213, 108 1,906,832 6.7 44.9 48.4 100.0 20,746 118,426 47,639 1,009,531 ir.1 $5,000 to S20,000 63.4 S20,000 to $1,000,0001 Colorado Springs. 25.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 21 28 20 5 885 9 96 188 245 11,062 1.7 17.8 34.9 45.5 100.0 42,935 308,884 897, 193 659,820 46,962,273 2.3 16.1 47.1 34.6 100.0 28,096 196,343 393,486 392,607 18,945,213 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000 19.3 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Denver 39.0- 38,9 100.0- Less than $5,000 309 325 163 88 34 252 1,246 2,176 7,379 86 2.4 111 3 Id. 7 66.7 100.0 762,233 3,269,813 6.863,990 36,106,237 488,784 1.6 6.9 14.6 76.9 100.0 608,717 2,062,858 3; 425, 942 12,948,696 188,506 2.7 $6,000 to $20,000 10.9- $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Fort Collins 18.1 68.3 100.0 Less than $5,000... 17 11 6 37 7 35 43 170 8.2 41.2 50.6 100.0 40,663 122, 464 325,657 ■909,476 8.3 25.1 66.6 100.0 23,999 70,763 93,764 328,946 12.7 $6,000 to $20,000 37.5. $20,000 to $1,000,000 1 Greeley 4g.r 100.0 Less than $5 ,000 17 16 4 81 11 36 123 908 6.6 21.2 72.4 100.0 48,264 166,432 702,780 3,323,*98 4.4 18.3 77.3 100.0 26,430 84,674 218,841 1,688,436 7.7 $5,000 to $20,000. 2S.7 $20,000 to $1,000,000 1 Pxteblo 66.5. 100. e 18 f7 12 34 13 108 210 577 236 1.4 11.9 23.1 63.6 100.0 54, 840 329, 177 761,003 2,178,578 846,409 gig! 22. g' 65.5 100.0 32,792 igo,902 312,654 1,152,088 473,550 1.9 86,000 to $20,000 11.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Trinidad.. 18. S 68.3 100.0' Less than $5,000. . . 9 13 12 176 4.7 20.8 74.6 28,969 130, 338 687, 102 3.4 15.4 8L2 20,68.5 77,527 375,338 4.4 $5,000 to $20,000 16.4 $20,000 to $1,000,000 > 79.3. 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 18 shows the size of estabHshments as meas- ured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for aU industries combined, for 18 of the more important industries, and for each of the seven cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on figures in Table 18, and for 1909, similar percentages for aU industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Of the 2,126 establishments reported for all in- dustries, 376, or 17.7 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. In these establishments the work was done by proprietors, firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. If wage earners were employed, the number was so small and the term of employment was so short that in computing the average, as described in "Explanation of terms," the nmnber was lesa than one person and the estab- hshment was classed as having "no wage earners." The comparatively small establishments predommate in the majority of the industries of the state. There were 1,564, or 73.6 per cent of the total for aU estab- Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 153 lishments, reported as employing on the average of 20 or fewer wage earners during the year. While these small estabhshments predominate in nmnber, they gave employment to only 6,122 wage earners, or 22.5 per cent of the total nmnber for aU establish- ments. Table 18 TOTAL. E.STABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— nroUSTKY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. Over 500 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). Is li n 1^ If II H Ji . aS la §1 li la If la li 2,126 27,278 376 1,217 2,470 347 3,652 91 2,840 41 3,054 36 5,996 10 3,299 18 5,967 , 285 46 61 26 25 41 83 24 130 8 32 37 11 219 29 475 16 76 502 1,177 1,082 614 291 684 4,349 459 393 218 1,369 387 231 218 451 1,330 487 2,173 777 330 11,435 13,089 74 1 9 1 4 8 ■"■5' ""3 '"'is' 5 142 "33' 73 210 183 26 42 9 1 27 57 15 71 2 24 23 2 144 17 207 6 34 267 598 319 64 83 30 5 64 102 41 190 6 54 41 3 252 38 529 15 60 574 1,357 21 12 8 7 7 5 14 6 38 3 6 10 2 46 4 46 5 7 100 256 218 130 110 51 93 60 145 61 420 29 62 138 22 494 38 432 59 67 1,025 2,701 3 4 1 3 4 1 4 2 11 2 1 1 3 8 2 13 1 121 110 30 99 131 30 146 50 3g5 63 38 39 120 213 81 379 34 2 2 1 5 2 4 169 140 68 392 183. 306 2 1 2.57 170 Brick, tile, pottery, anS other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and prp.<;p.rving 1 5 112 819 Cars anci general shop"construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . . 1 254 5 2,864 Confectionery Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specilied 1 3 66 192 Foundry and machine-shop products 2 212 Gas, illuminating and heatmg 1 289 1 77 Leather goods 4 2 306 157 1 214 Marble and stone work 1 330 Printing and publishing 4 2 1 7 27 310 139 61 489 2,061 3 1 I 19 14 523 234 142 3,313 2,188 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 298 Tobacco, cigars 27 66 801 2,134 6 3 2,130 882 13 3 3,103 1, 766 32 74 - 885 34 37 81 34 90 538 11,062 85 170 908 236 9 13 168 9 10 9 2 16 37 439 19 23 43 21 40 72 1,019 31 41 103 51 7 18 196 6 3 17 9 ,50 159 2,107 54 62 196 83 Colorado Springs 4 62 145 1,674 2 21 162 1,610 13 2,004 3 882 3 1,766 Fort Collins Greeley 1 2 1 77 155 57 Pueblo , 9 1 270 45 1 184 Trinidad 1 Includes one establishment employing 1,930 wage earners. Table 19 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NITM- BER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUM- BER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. lto6 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 Over 500 lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 Over 500 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 9.1 9.0 13.4 15.4 10.4 9.2 11.2 15.6 22.0 18.2 12.1 20.6 21.9 12.1 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 18.8 16.4 0.7 0.7 18.9 15.9 7.8 22.1 24.3 22.8 1.9 1.5 IS. 2 17.3 6.0 4.9 10.4 63.3 52.0 4.9 10.6 37.1 38.2 7.8 50.9 19.9 25.1 7.6 6.1 20.3 24.1 9.0 ■7.8 20.6 17.9 3L6 26.6 11.1 16.0 10.1 16.6 27.0 17.4 12.5 4.4 3.5 'i9.'2 7.0 6.4 16.3 Liquors, malt 67.8 77.6 11.8 10.0 Bread and other bakery products 29.5 34.6 10.4 9.6 28.5 21.0 44 7.3 0.1 0.3 13.9 13.8 26.0 35.8 18.8 15.3 13.9 ::: 2.0 23.4 21.5 20.0 16.6 21.2 29.2 37.8 32.4 7.5 20.3 2.1 1.7 13.1 24.1 36 9 64.2 28.0 62.4 30.7 21.2 7.5 8.2 26.8 19.5 11.2 7.4 17.9 18.8 10.3 10.5 14.5 20.7 3.0 4.1 6.5 37.2 15.6 18.0 22.8 10.1 23.4 36.2 57.3 61.7 4.2 5.9 66.4 62.2 2.3.8 23.3 27.7 32.3 Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. 16.1 10.6 15.1 67.8 Printing and publishing Canning and preserving . 16.4 14.3 13.8 17.9 18.2 18.6 39.3 4.3 11.6 15.7 24.1 25.7 30.1 27.9 43.0 Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars ... . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. • 18.8 21.2 5.8 50.1 65.9 16.7 38.1 42.8 Confectionery 29.0 18.5 16.7 18.6 27.4 6.7 27.1 23.4 Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. 22.9 22.3 25.9 18.9 16.3 19.6 16.5 ni 30.3 13.5 Boulder 14.0 35.5 15.5 16.9 44.4 13.4 9.2 36.5 24.1 1L3 21.6 55.6 29.6 19.0 63.5 30.6 2L6 36.2 Foundry and machine-shop products. 27.0 15.1 30.1 14.6 18.1 8.0| 16.0 74.7 Fort Collins Gas, illuminating and heating Greeley '29." 7 19.1 45.3 17.1 24.2 33.3 70.3 Pueblo 20.3 Trinidad yiicmsoft® l7f d ^ ■ 154 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. The single group having the largest number of employees was the group in which the establishments employed from 101 to 250 wage earners. This group employed 5,996 wage earners, or 22 per cent of the total. There were only 54 establishments in the state that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earners each, but these establishments gave employ- ment to 15,262, or 56 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported. Establishments employing more than 250 wage earners are noticeable in the steam-railroad repair shops, gas plants, slaugh- tering and meat-packmg establishments, and in the marble and stone work industry. In the steam -rail- road repair shops 65.9 per cent of the wage earners for the industry were in establishments employing over 500 wage earners each. Among the cities, the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners re- ported by establishments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Denver, 42.1, and Pueblo, 20.3. Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU mdustries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gen- erating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabUshments reporting. Table 30 NUMBER OF ENGmES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 4,299 3,239 1,059 162, 828 154,615 124,907 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 1,109 842 183 84 3,190 3,190 1,387 1,207 141 39 1,852 1,852 1,059 873 78 108 135,352 126,608 2,075 6,669 27,476 27,349 127 138,640 135,750 1,464 1,426 15,975 15,874 101 121,071 118,660 317 2,094 3,836 3,765 71 83.1 77.8 1.3 4.1 16.9 16.8 0.1 89.7 87.8 1.0 0.9 10.3 10.2 0.1 96.9 Steam engines and turbines ^ 95.0 Internal-combustion engines 0.2 1.7 Rented 3.1 Electric . m 3.0 other 0.1 4,765 3,190 1,573 2,927 1,852 1,075 67,278 27,349 29,929 35,944 15,874 20,070 15,730 3,765 11,965 100.0 47.7 52.3 100.0 44.2 55.8 100.0 Rented «5,0 23.9 76.1 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904' the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. This table shows an increase in the total power of the engines and other prime movers employed in the manu- facturing industries of the state, amounting to 8,213 horsepower, or 5.3 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, all of which was due to the increase in rented power, as there was a decrease in owned power during that period. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 3.1 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the proportion of rented power had increased to 10.3 per cent; and in 1914, to 16.9 per cent. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated in the same establishment, although con- siderable, has not kept pace relatively with the increase in rented power. The power of motors oper- ated by current generated in the same establishment represented 76.1 per cent of the total electric power in 1904, but only 52.3 per cent in 1914. In addition to the great increase in rented power, owned power increased 11.8 per cent during the decade 1904-1914, but showed a decrease of 2.4 per cent dur- ing the period 1909-1914. The use of internal-combustion engines increased during the decade, representing 1 .3 per cent of the total power generated in 1914, as compared with two-tenths of 1 per cent in 1904. During the decade 1904-1914 there was a large increase (218.5 per cent) in the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors. Tliis form of power in 1914 formed 4.1 per cent of the total nrimary power, as compared with 1.7 per cent in l904PlQltl^^Cl Uy Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 21 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). All industries. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products .'. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Cement Coke Foundry and machine-shop products . Gas, illuminating Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Petroleum, refining Smelting and refimng, lead Smelting and refining, zinc Sugar, beet All other industries Total for cities. Boulder Colorado Springs. Den\'EK Fort Collins Greeley Pueblo . i mm)soft®- Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 14,495 !2,627,893 700 10 "'ii' 12,808 "963' 913 55,822 105, 667 96, 420 1,114,339 11,642 116, 158 70,365 19,644 452,897 1,635 98,514 46,660 253, 094 185,036 399, 138 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 10,606 471 197 416, 887 137,698 1,880 12,873 10,698 17,505 50 853 3,367 13,232 318,364 2,610 6,193 39,451 15,921 18 822 16,108 52 361 144 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 98,339 423 5,154 18,571 19,895 17 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 916,938 2,973 3,115 600 15,181 848,392 30,432 8,666 61,895 67,118 1,836 1,084 2,054 23,900 56,688 956 601 3 366 501 5,513 25 60 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 155 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for four important industries in Colorado are here presented, and also statistics for power laundries. Manufacture of beet sugar. — Statistics for the beet- sugar industry are shown for the first time for this state. At previous censuses the figures were with- held, to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments. The following table shows, for 1914 only, the acreage planted, the quantity of beets used, and the value of the products made from sugar beets of domestic growth. Table S2 MATERIALS, Acreage planted Directly by factory By tenants of factory Ou contract Beets used, tons Grown directly \>y factory Grown by tenants of factory Grown on contract peod'ucts. Total value Sugar: Granulated- Tons Value Raw — Tons Value es: Gallons Value Pulp, moist, value 157,760 1,640 1,758 154,362 1,773,572 13,291 17,734 1,742,547 $17,635,666 226,644 $16,712,368 1,663 $82,458 9, 626, 690 $566, 820 $273,910 In 1914 Colorado ranked first among the states in value of products of the beet-sugar industry, reporting 28.2 per cent of the total production in the United States. There were used in the beet-sugar factories 1,773,- 572 tons of sugar beets, for which products valued at $17,635,556 were made. Practically the entire pro- duction was granulated sugar, which constituted 94.8 per cent of the total value of products. In addition, there were produced 9,626,690 gallons of molasses, valued at $566,820, and other products, consisting of raw sugar and moist pulp, with a value of $356,368. Slaughtering and meat packing.— The following table shows for the last three censuses, 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kind, number, and cost of animals slaughtered; the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing, and the cost of all other materials, including ice, seasoning, fuel, rent of power, mill supplies, and freight; and the quantities and values of various products manufactured. Canned ^^^Qftj^^^ iSY sage, oleo and other oils, oleomargmne, sausage casings, soap stock, and hoofs and horns are in- cluded in "all other products," to avoid the disclosure of individual reports. Table 23 MATERIALS. Total cost Animals slaughtered: Number Cost Calves — Number Cost Sheep and lambs- Number Cost Hogs- Number Cost Dressed moat purchased for curing, cost All other material, cost PRODUCTS. Total value.' Beef, fresh: Pounds Value Veal, fresh: Pounds Value Mutton, fresh: Pounds Value Pork, fresh: Pounds Value Edible ofEal and other fresh meat: Pounds Value Pork, pickled and other cured: Pounds Value Pounds Value Lard: Pounds Value Lard compounds and substitutes: Pounds Value Tallow: Pounds Value Fertilizers and fertiUzer materials: Tons Value Hides, cattle and calf: Nmnber Pounds Value Pelts, sheep: Number Value All other products, value. 1914 $10,686,926 • 62, 735 $4,115,928 3,805 $68,495 81,141 $415, 108 259, 821 $4,760,771 1 $557, 745 $778, 879 $12, 726, 127 32,859,339 $3,715,229 603, 734 3,340,509 $354,078 12,602,386 $1,481,140 1,886,539 $131,047 23,106,230 $3,500,221 2,635,450 $322, 103 11,260,406 $1,270,388 4, 582, 025 $394, 944 $99, 218 2,428 $71, 841 64,529 3,628,280 $587,844 ^1, 041 $89, 580 $620, 210 1909 $8,294,779 64,308 $2,720,876 10, 130 $135, 103 55, 606 $251,997 276, 618 $4,056,946 $292, 761 $837,097 $9,656,810 33,521,352 $2,548,947 1,369,852 $128,314 2,405,106 $237,668 12,191,600 $1,198,459 1,863,103 $91,065 20,530,615 $2,648,836 3,375,797 $283,558 12,633,806 $1,418,794 (.') 3 1,638,235 3 $108, 826 2,024 $54,413 67,946 4,071,771 65,085 $54, 505 $402, 846 1904 $2, 781, 789 28,257 $976, 754 3,958 $30,680 63,822 $254,293 108, 741 $1,307,780 $144,200 $3,323,503 15,589,690 $1,091,076 498,089 $41,583 2,790,676 $256,377 3,337,911 $313, 799 122,000 $8,900 11,087,849 $982,129 1,506,525 $117,444 2,613,183 $181, 197 S 707 $8,303 30,807 1,784,820 $153,621 $52, 871 $116,303 1 Includes cost of all other animals, to avoid the disclosure of individual opera tions. 2 Not reported separately. ' Includes oleo stock. Tliis industry shows a remarkable growth from 1904 to 1914. The total cost of materials increased by $7,905,137, or 284.2 per cent, and the total value of products by $9,402,624, or 282.9 per cent. The total number of animals slaughtered almost doubled, and their cost increased nearly four times. Each of the various products shows large increases in both quantity and value, but the increase in value was rel- atively much greater than the increase in quantity. This is apparent in fresh beef, the chief product, which increased by $2,624,153, or 240.5 per cent in lAi^mSOft® 17,269,649 pounds, or 110.8 per cent in quantity, and the price per pound from 7 cents in 1904 to 11.3 cents in 1914. 156 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. The actual growth of the industry, however, during the census period from 1904 to 1909 was much greater than during the period from 1909 to 1914. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 24 gives the quantity and value of the fiour-miU and gristmill products for the last three census years. Table 24 Total value Wheat flour: Barrels Value Corn meal and corn flour: Barrels Value Bran and middlings: Tons Value Feed and oflial: Tons Value Breakfast foods: Pounds Value All other cereal products, value All other products, value S7, 535, 633 1,229,225 $4,923,302 16,443 $61,354 49,240 $1,125,071 47,721 $1,422,509 26,416 $1, 722 $725 1909 $7, 867, 706 977, 779 $5,172,638 21,958 $74,764 96,120 $2,546,408 $20,590 $53,306 1904 $5,783,421 970,088 $4,377,477 18,419 $47,658 69,760 $1,315,770 $8,569 $83,947 Wheat flour is the most important branch of the industry, and in 1914 constituted 65.3 per cent of the total value of products, and 65.7 per cent in 1909. Bran and middHngs and feed and offal, the next im- portant products, constituted 33.8 per cent in 1914 and 32.4 per cent in 1909. A comparison of the quantity of wheat flour manu- factured for the last three census years shows a marked increase in 1914 over the other two censuses, this increase from 1909 to 1914 being 25.7 per cent; the value for the same period shows a decrease of 4.8 per cent. The total value of products shows a decrease from 1909 to 1914 of 4.2 per cent. Bran and middlings and feed and offal increased in value during the five-year period less than one-tenth of 1 per cent, and corn meal decreased 17.9 per cent. In 1914, 454 stands of rolls, 1 1 runs of stone, and 63 attrition miUs were reported as the equipment of the miUs for the state. Two establishments manufactured barrels and three manufactured sacks. Printing and publishing. — Table 25 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue of each of the various classes of newspaper and periodical pubHca- tions reported for the census years, 1914, 1909, and 1904. Several daily newspapers, including Sunday edi- tions, went out of existence during the five years from 1909 to 1914, and a number were consohdated. The publication and circulation as a whole increased, although the circulation of the daily, Sunday, semi- weekly, and monthly publications showed slight de- creases, the losses being made up by the weekly and by publications issued at longer intervals. In 1914 there were published in the state 3 German newspapers, 1 daily, 1 Sunday, and 1 weekly; 7 Digitized by Italian weeklies and 1 EngUsh-Italian weekly; I Japanese daily and 1 weekly; 2 Spanish weeklies and 2 English-Spanish weeklies, and 1 weekly printed in Danish, 1 in Slovenian and 1 in Swedish. The Servian weekly reported in 1909 was not reported in 1914. The circulation per issue of these foreign publica- tions was 73,075 in 1914 and 63,885 in 1909, an increase of 9,190, or 11.2 per cent. Table 35 PERIOD OF ISSUE. NUMBEK OF PUBU- CATIONS. AGGREGATE CIHCtrLATION PER ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total 395 382 381 1,176,604 1,133,364 1,092,697 Daily 44 11 15 293 35 7 53 13 6 278 2 31 1 42 14 17 274 38 6 249,465 214,916 3,964 430,727 168,932 108,600 335,147 223,008 5,609 338,092 230,308 1200 209,185 222 854 Sunday Semiweekly 5)301 294,242 348,815. 12,300. Monthly All other classes.. 1 Includes one triweekly. 2 Includes one semimonthly. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 26, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Colorado for 1914 and 1909. Table 26 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 94 2,079 97 223 1,759 2,723 $1,440,896 1, 098, 787 249,777 849,010 8,679 70, 147 364,301 2, 163, 263 1909 99 2,076 103 140 1,833 1,895 270,666 055,461 150,107 905,354 5,780 62,564 290, 314 Per cent of 1909- 1914. 0.1 -5.8- 59.3 -4.0 43.7 13.4 4.1 66.4 -6.2 50.2 12.1 25.5 9.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Colorado ranked seventeenth among the states in amount received for work done, and nine- teenth in number of persons engaged in tW industry; in 1909 it ranked fifteenth and seventeenth, respec- tively. The table shows increases during the five-year period in all the items given, except number of pro- prietors and firm members, wage earners, and wages paid. The largest percentages of gain being those for salaried employees, salaries, and amount paid for contract work. Establishments owned by individuals reported $296,090, or 13.7 per cent, of the amount received. for' work done; those owned by corporations, $1,534,574, or 70.9 per cent; and those under other forms of own- ership, $332,599, or 15.4 per cent. For 1909 these^ percentages were 27.8, 56.5, and 15.7 per cent, re- spectivel}". IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 157 Table 27 shows, for 1914 and 1909, tne numbe]: of "Wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the .same year. Table 27 January... February . . March April May June July August .September October IJovember December. WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 1,714 1,715 1,713 1,713 1,716 1,784 1,901 1,912 1,832 1,723 1,690 1,689 1909 1,696 1,684 1,707 1,756 1,763 1,844 1,996 2,046 1,962 1,855 1,850 1,835 Per cent of maximum. 1914 89.7 89.6 89.6 89.7 93.3 99.4 100.0 95.8 90.1 88.4 88.3 1909 82.9 82.3 83.4 85.8 86.2 90.1 97.6 100.0 95.9 90.7 90.4 89.7 Table 28 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the :five-year period. Table 29 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 28 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of 1914 1909 1914 1909 in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 137 110 2,723 1,895 43.7 71 69 1 1 66 66 68 67 i' 42 42 2,340 2,332 5 3 383 383 1,443 1,428 62.2 63.3 15 452 272 180 -15.3 40.8 Electric . . . 127 66 61 43 42 1 550 383 167 278 272 6 97.8 Rented 40.8 Generated in establishments reporting 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 39 Unit. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,! 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Ton, 2,240 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs 156 35,004 120 6,647 428 25,685 65 7,433 -63.6 Bituminous coal 36.3 Gas 1,000 cubic feet —10.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where 1; tlian 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 158 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. GENERAL TABLES. Table 30 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establiskments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from' 10,000 to 50,000 in- habitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 31 presents, for 1914, for the state as a whole and for cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants for all industries combined Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. IKDUSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. I Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost Wages, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. . THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Awnings, tents, and sails. Bread and other baljery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Caiming and preserving. . Cars and general shop con- struction and repau'S by steam-raihoad compa- nies. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Elour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,126 2,034 1,606 27,278 28,067 21,813 162,828 154,615 124,907 $20,200 19,912 15,100 $89,756 80, 491 63,114 $136,839 130,044 100,144 11 7 5 84 117 73 62 147 28 50 53 40 372 370 162 534 615 296 1914 1909 1904 285 250 186 1,082 889 670 935 613 231 712 559 411 2,642 2,297 1,487 4,786 3,969 2,657 1914 1909 1904 46 75 74 614 1,136 971 3,684 4,373 4,300 405 780 590 412 619 460 1,194 2,106 1,604 1914 1909 1904 61 39 120 291 210 97 1,388 657 476 223 130 59 2,912 1,924 1,081 3,697 2,340 1,290 1914 1909 1904 2 26 30 15 684 518 315 1,453 1,349 541 287 250 136 1,090 672 429 1,798 1,528 821 1914 1909 1904 25 29 34 4,349 3,993 3,062 7,171 3,947 2,422 3,711 3,393 2,265 2,582 2,604 2,663 6,822 6,659 5,259 1914 1909 9 10 79 56 278 177 62 43 930 530 1,168 768 1914 1909 1904 41 35 19 459 349 239 301 145 99 184 136 105 711 531 294 1,330 1,023 685 1914 1909 1904 42 21 11 143 104 48 46 44 11 111 89 48 236 133 60 505 284 151 1914 1909 1904 83 77 52 393 282 244 6,746 6,810 5,927 316 220 203 6,436 6,672 4,797 7,536 7,868 5,783 1914 1909 1904 24 22 12 218 157 44 1,614 1,041 54 105 69 23 891 271 73 1,180 447 140 Foundry and machine- shop products. Gas, illuminating and heating. Ice, manufactured Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. . Mineral and soda waters. Printing and pubhshing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco, cigars All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 S130 111 J88 1,369 1,813 1,451 4,785 4,325 2,530 1,072 1,280 1,062 2,122 2,804 1,933 1914 1909 1904 8 10 8 387 306 109 1,379 646 333 303 191 98 562 636 257 1914 1909 1904 32 30 16 231 251 138 4,793 4,361 2,187 181 190 93 182 126 71 1914 1909 1904 37 30 22 218 269 175 121 109 38 162 172 125 460 • 639 258 1914 1909 1904 11 11 11 451 424 300 3,667 2,434 3,001 404 349 243 1,197 907 458 1914 1909 1904 6 219 263 110 1,330 2,190 1,430 8,166 11, 177 6,659 977 1,458 896 908 1,396 806 1914 1909 1904 29 44 33 487 267 212 2,381 694 359 358 208 200 198 220 231 1914 1909 1904 55 55 46 134 133 106 247 193 184 99 88 73 237 226 133 1914 1909 1904 '475 439 8 419 2,173 2,366 1,902 2,413 2,045 1,531 1,744 1,823 1,343 1,977 1,806 1,311 1914 1909 1904 16 13 11 777 659 247 2,467 2,450 888 480 389 175 10,687 8,295 2,782 1914 1909 76 99 117 385 334 297 330 427 481 10,995 11,161 9,509 7 225 306 308 8,039 7,736 6,604 387 368 336 51,625 46,655 43,032 1904 1914 1909 1904 108,834 106,878 93,108 4,575 6,907 4,108 1,588 1,472 806 654 670 376 842 1,054 577 3,311 2,120 2,463 4,185 2,497 1,193. 516 681 418 7,027 6,962 6,467 12,726 9,667 3,324 805 1,021 979 70,978 67, 191 60,161 1 Excludes statistics for one estabhshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes ' ' caiming and preserving, fruits and vegetables " ; and ' ' pickles, preserves, and sauces." 3 Includes "automobile repairing," and " structural ironwork, not made In steel works or rolling mills." * Excludes statistics for six establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 5 Includes " saddlery and harness," and " trunks and vahses." 6 Includes "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills"; and " window and door screens and weather strips," 'Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making": "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing"; and "lithographing." 8 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 159 Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus .year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. DENVEB— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, terrarcotta, and other clay products. Butter - Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Liquors, malt . Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 11909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 885 765 722 114 91 75 17 26 29 18 5 4 5 5 5 24 21 14 30 14 10 8 7 67 8 50 4 4 3 '16 22 59 11,062 11,639 9,672 771 594 442 339 570 303 163 119 63 1,896 1,706 1,271 343 254 184 113 92 45 142 76 77 952 1,268 1,097 232 210 156 241 515 307 26,555 22, 615 702 487 1,283 1,367 796 284 3,482 1,485 184 97 1,957 1,903 3,422 3,040 1,786 1,283 972 1,509 $7,942 8,092 6,711 500 339 250 204 376 208 135 70 1,682 1,477 954 131 94 83 114 70 738 875 802 201 176 121 179 354 229 $28,036 26, 837 21,000 1,803 1,515 931 241 357 1,718 1,234 763 1,026 1,226 956 524 407 241 186 111 57 2,373 2,311 1,846 1,754 2,300 685 432 238 276 577 255 $46,982 46, 925 36, 660 3,288 2,546 1,656 638 1,041 474 2,029 1,462 2,953 2,966 2,072 951 760 560 144 2,719 2,716 2,131 3,432 4,598 3,275 1,570 1,675 1,226 531 1,177 Pickles and sauces. Printing and publishing. Tobacco, cigars All other industries PUEBLO— -ill indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Ice, manufactured. Printing and publishing. Saddlery and harness . - - All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6 171 150 155 43 51 56 347 293 299 81 92 80 96 114 103 1,461 1,536 1,253 270 358 360 4,043 4,221 4,011 908 1,065 941 121 300 1,406 1,036 10, 420 9,683 24 43 40 29 19 49 28 32 29 100 125 117 72 67 46 665 779 660 3,765 1,871 621 395 191 211 2,838 1,163 $54 65 57 1,202 1,215 191 . 246 232 2,519 2,657 2,713 725 780 661 21 28 20 85 98 101 60 47 34 526 565 44S $210 202 178 1,495 1,350 1,018 329 265 234 15, 416 14, 550 12,644 1,635 1,358 941 72 100 72 22 23 27 22 17 134 100 186 178 85 1,194 935 633 $349 505 347 4,869 4,833 4,836 662 792 711 22,589 21,621 17, 735 3,324 3,009 2,197 123 173 141 53 50 110 393 387 356 303 329 150 2,372 2,000 1,351 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. COLOKADO SPEINGS. 1914 1909 1904 538 516 410 1,065 907 $401 413 284 $897 823 412 $1,907 1,733 1914 1909 236 220 870 851 $180 170 $373 310 $84& 814 ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because it was necessary to revise the totals in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "steam ratings and heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' Excludes statistics for five establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. < Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills; " and "window and door screens and weather strips." !* Exclude statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. " Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copperplate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 160 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO . Table 31.- DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS mDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors aiid firm mem- bers Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15th day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 2, 126 Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Boxes, cigar Brass products Bread, bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Sewer pipe, fire brick, and archi- tectural terra cotta. Brooms, from broom com Brushes, other than toilet and paint . Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables Canned and dried fruits Carpets, rag Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cleansmg and polishing preparations . Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . Dental goods : Druggists' preparations Electrical macninery,apparatus, and supplies. Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. For human consumption For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine shops Foundries Fur goods Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Store and office fixtures Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating. Hair work Hand stamps Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lime Liquors, malt t Looking-glass and picture frames. Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mlll products, not including planing muls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds 19 9 12 11 3 7 285 4 281 41 31 10 83 24 12 12 lOS 93 15 6 3 4 8 5 5 32 19 5 11 3 183 -32 33,715 1,716 1,395 2,622 62 104 82 115 25 48 1,664 475 1,189 667 223 444 38 13 383 616 542 74 29 173 62 160 702 621 81 206 23 18 102 68 10 560 297 110 187 1,460 1,146 314 27 126 31 95 76 565 36 26 311 124 63 641 23 1,252 372 549 149 316 1 315 29 29 5 4 12 19 3 2 3 195 15 131 1 142 196 100 80 20 2 27, 278 * Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 28 60 63 84 21 36 1,082 366 716 561 165 396 27 7 239 578 522 56 18 149 265 4,349 65 79 602 4.59 I 393 218 77 141 5 69 387 231 75 58 451 14 Oc 31,004 Ap Je< Au Je (=) Au Ap • 46 66 70 103 21 399 761 281 464 (=) 27 Jy 10 Jy < .261 Au 1,430 Se 173 Oc< 20 161 Au 4, 702 De' Oc Ja De Jy My (=) Mh Ja De Au< 534 65 171 17 13 96 67 31 Se 2 429 Ja Je 361 Se< Ja 79 220 Je 75 42 Je Ja De< 959 285 19 De Mh Mh 829 243 10 Oc< No Je Jy P) Au De Oo Je De 5 65 441 34 15 338 78 76 466 23 Jy 1, 279 Jy 344 487 Je 683 123 Se 144 Fe 24,519 De Se* Ja De' (?) Ap 33 My Ja< 76 331 (s) 27 De< 6 Mh < 215 Ja Ap< Ja De Se 91 1 12 137 256 Ap 4,008 Fo< Au< No< Ap 409 Fe 28 Fe 121 (') De< De OC Fe< De* Ja il De De (.') Ja Jy Mh De Ap Ja 58 5 53 327 169 73 41 422 12 776 367 103 (») 43 60 60 71 21 38 1,116 384 732 767 479 27 6 231 1,672 137 19 1.52 257 55 79 663 519 44 143 17 12 2 424 268 77 191 1,143 877 266 19 105 22 83 5 61 330 26 15 205 78 55 441 1,485 327 499 120 w 43 59 60 18 37 761 150 611 766 26 5 188 916 880 36 18 162 257 4,329 56 243 207 36 140 15 7 47 422 256 65 191 1,139 873 266 7 101 20 81 5 59 329 1 13 293 77 65 441 8 1,479 326 497 82 m 346 234 112 43 878 778 100 315 308 7 m m 10 8181,776,339 77,489 112,822 63,661 330,002 16,700 74,220 2,566,187 1,210,723 1,364,464 2,409,849 1,008,124 ,1,401,725 63,650 9,150 2,202,728 1,522,099 1,437,403 84,696 16,704 225,438 844,819 5,855,507 11,484 29,564 444,979 l,0lS,692 809,393 210,299 219,292 22,050 27,421 366,313 34,142 6,949 6,506 4,969,231 676,422 145,619 430,903 6,646,266 6,668,432 1,087,834 34,625 143,941 19,593 124,348 13,746 178,737 12,433,769 42,212 16,375 2,497,915 190,616 68,789 6,302,841 14,375 1, 774, 108 697, 143 2,835,545 261,588 I s No figures given tor reasons stated under "Explanation of terms.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 161 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac* ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. S3,P33,046 4,642 14,624 24,776 3,890 72,651 30, 150 42,501 85,313 23,358 61,955 1,000 53,687 28,091 23,300 4,791 2,400 8,668 11,868 206,432 1,800 6,180 32,050 60,829 49,994 10,835 6,488 3,000 22,345 3,380 33,334,817 360 16,884 2,125 15,624 3,000 99,966 39,725 10,500 29,225 218,963 180,321 38,642 2,400 10,933 1,378 9,555 3,550 40,845 216 6,757 51,363 568 3,000 136,569 756 46,180 24,672 33,215 12,552 975 181,850 93,362 88,488 31,485 6,737 24,748 720 884 57,547 15,577 12,860 2,717 3,868 2,400 5,654 207,492 2,040 4,695 57,312 123,423 114, 420 9,003 14,140 1,393 4,527 2,314 600 2,820 99,140 22,370 6,200 16,170 138,864 113,650 25,214 2,330 10,547 2,080. 8,467 10, 820 123,419 600 300 26,144 11,237 1,200 85,395 2,468 26,959 14,753 $20,199,754 18,842 41,569 69,360 49,891 10,716 26,309 712, 136 219,543 492,693 376, 488 108,378 268,110 21,696 4,688 195,381 227,891 204,872 23,019 109,054 152,005 3,711,197 3,715 21, 414 52,296 214, 383 183, 765 30,618 110,505 14,112 4,772 41,650 26,844 12,576 370 315,960 105,093 34,091 71,002 714,044 212, 789 9,899 79,303 21,500 57,803 3,616 37,833 302,925 11,207 11,330 "180,694 72, 759 41,827 404,153 10,956 709,452 257,281 S556, 432 625 50 50 1,672 1,672 6,498 275 3,250 470 470 4,131 1,032 500 6,536 5,584 962 550 500 500 900 463 765 1,601 "'esi' 41,272 $766,980 557 6,629 10,464 11,124 720 3,156 87,064 6,000 81,054 1,616 885 630 325 1,236 22,648 10,123 9,075 1,048 1,032 4,6 100 1,680 21,506 45, 779 38,430 7,349 15,612 1,938 1,325 2,660 1,030 1,740 696 6,792 2,025 1,885 140 31,640 27,940 3,700 2,880 11,790 4,500 7,290 4,584 4,800 3,740 13,600 10,868 180 2,820 6,118 4,364 1,624 10,700 16,890 357,976 25,813 12,039 j 68,846 1,000 * Same number reported for one or 82101°— 18 11 SI, 428, 414 636 559 950 1,969 169 728 19,546 6,564 12,991 13,489 5,827 7,662 294 56 8,181 7,205 6,531 674 127 1,709 4,381 85,754 62 74 1,564 9,071 7,793 1,278 1,443 63 93 1,267 113 47 57 44,960 3,516 845 2,671 38, 874 33,016 5,858 262 785 164 631 71 1,079 113,328 131 138 21,595 1,308 546 413,203 113 15,569 10,337 12,531 3,156 S81, 700,061 19,632 145,026 16,978 370,496 14,343 49,877 2,556,340 826,806 1,729,635 221,943 29,451 192,492 43,738 5,034 2,497,989 841,239 783,410 57,829 3,315 ■ 53,056 111,524 2,409,061 8,040 37,441 915,362 897, 211 698,131 199,080 234,404 44,400 28,913 49,884 18,097 28,740 10,973 6,353,940 862, 704 114,663 748,041 1,678,944 980,413 698,531 9,930 137,828 19,900 117,928 1,425 102,229 135,791 7,730 6,450 56,129 74,706 2,480 1,124,485 8,500 530,075 340,216 185,226 246,533 88,066,241 $136,839,321 $47,083,019 1,163 1,681 2,272 1,571 312 3,901 85,666 13, 119 72,647 173,669 54,631 119,038 436 249 19,917 16,389 14,118 1,271 1,669 3,362 5,601 173,434 336 470 14,347 18,882 13, 108 5,774 1,569 269 261 3,327 279 334 64 81, 838 28,684 5,088 23,596 151,638 76,970 ' 74,668 247 1,985 403 1,582 276 2,626 426,461 678 426 125,799 1,856 9,547 72,683 101 11,244 13,895 12, 789 6,974 70, 816 344, 891 134, 806 533,987 35,400 100,991 4,786,318 1,5'6,992 3,208,326 1,127,225 256,866 871,369 94,369 17,600 3,017,062 1,412,126 1,306,903 106,223 30,889 236, 881 271,993 6,821,673 23,575 70,260 1,168,373 1,662,251 1,329,531 322,720 504,647 76,721 43,304 138, 451 67,031 53,412 14,202 7,535,633 1,180,202 222,149 958,053 4,011,400 2, 696, 211 1, 316, 189 46,350 282,123 61,300 220, 823 11,447 241,264 1,587,964 32, 142 39,660 664, 429 209, 129 101, 135 3,022,521 29,731 1,710,298 724,810 1,192,891 379,855 50,030 198,184 115,656 161,920 20,745 47,213 2,143,312 737,068 1,406,244 731,613 171,774 559,839 60,185 12,317 499, 156 655,498 509,375 46, 123 25,906 180,473 154,868 4,239,178 15,199 32,339 238,674 736, 158 618, 292 117, 866 268,674 32,062 14, 140 86,240 38,655 24,338 3,175 1,099.855 288,814 102,398 186, 416 2, 180, 818 1,638,828 541,990 36, 173 142,310 40,997 101,313 9,746 136,409 1,026,712 23,834 32,774 472, 601 132, 668 89, 108 1,825,353 21, 130 1,168,979 370,699 994,876 126,348 162,828 232 35 60 62 12 75 935 341 594 3,659 1,359 2,200 11 9 1,148 1,320 1,238 82 96 168 179 7,171 8 11 278 481 301 180 46 8 5 84 11 8 2 6,746 1,614 102 1,612 4,313 3,497 816 1 172 16 166 13 74 1,379 11 10 4,793 62 126,608 2,202 6,669 27,349 29,929 206 27 35 63 62 12 75 774 257 517. ■993 428 565 9 9 304 139 119 20 96 106 179 2,773 8 11 278 321 194 127 46 8 5 84 11 8 2 1,065 494 87 407 3,195 2,424 771 1 86 16 70 7 74 337 11 10 165 62 ""223' '"'223' '"'133' 2 2 ""199' 1,500 45' 45 s' 190 ""196' 263 263 ........ 166 7 124 84 40 2,665 930 1,635 35 2 35 1 1 2 2 817 1,047 985 62 27 134 134 1 62 4,185 38 175 118 68 50 42 39 3 4,495 960 16 945 1,025 1,000 25 431 160 765 160 93 73 20 86 86 6. 986 57 4,626 12 3,507 5 6,401 1,718 2,381 295 3,136 50 153 228 5 162 812 427 155 897 3 21 1,700 7 6,124 888 725 140 45 18 29 70 1,200 DTfflff§&by Microsdft®"'"'"'"'' ™^°'*''' *'"''"'''™* "'^ ^'"' 162 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKY. WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. -Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds Perfumery and cosmetics . Photo-engraving Picldes and sauces Pottery Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing . . . Book pubUshing without printing Printing and pubUshing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and pubUshing Printing, pubUshing, and job printing. PubUshing without printing Saddlery and harness Signs and adivertising novelties. . Slaughtering and meat packing. . Steam packing Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sugar, beet Surgical appliances Tobacco, cigars Trunks and valises Vinegar and cider Window and door screens and weather strips. All other industries* 65 232 56 23 16 3 134 5. 4 17 45 5 4 1 2 11 27 8 4 7 105 1 12 29 9 54 18 38 6 5 2 2 23 4 25 4 1 5 15 4 34 3 4 4 1 22 11 ■148 10 11 14 7 106 5 64 3 5 1 2 53 123 1,186 106 77 84 49 870 113 1,141 104 68 69 40 860 3 10 1 2 4 3 7 35 1 7 15 5 7 343 2,044 297 138 372 122 1,115 12 782 3 38 232 55 454 278 1,119 270 71 94 45 639 S3 143 24 29 46 22 22 25 222 20 15 17 8 182 5 53 2 6 9 5 31 16 979 Ifi 33 136 17 777 3 14 1 2 1 10 10 182 3 20 15 4 140 13 2,609 1 57 252 31 2,268 3 76 12 449 2 81 2 4 8 330 11 23 12 82 9 6 10 1 56 4 3-1 3 6 6 19 4 18 4 1 11 133 8,192 63 186 500 91 7,352 Ja (*) My » W Ap Des Se Au 170 13 27 60 23 19 24 142 72 Mh 901 Au S26 Oo. 6 Au3 2 Mh 39 Je6 Mh Oo De3 457 38 Oo a 170 My 41 Je, 830 Des 11 Oc Oo (<) No Mh No Jy 151 5,334 Fe Oc! m Des (*) Au3 Au3 Fes Ja 110 Au » 451 Mh 621 Jy « 16 Ja Fe Se Oc3 Fe Fe (>) Jy My Fea 147 17 685 130 705 8 320 140 12 27 57 26 15 24 126 47 3 25 1,163 466 661 36 170 31 721 11 137 4,876 8 350 53 26 11 139 12 719 3 25 ,010 448 530 168 30 893 11 136 1 9 10 13 "si 8 130 130 S581, 925 10, 810 67,827 278, 181 52,020 47, 182 38,463 372, 694 164,967 1,758,756 1,678,911 28,429 51, 416 2, 691, 009 1028,215 1,535,643 127,151 555, 644 101,965 3, 672, 778 46,730 352,945 38,377,997 17, 950 460,201 127, 806 126, 2S2 23,350 73,593,437 *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 3 Ammunition 1 Artificial limbs 1 Automobiles 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Baking powders 1 Belting, leather 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 3 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Boxes, wooden packing 3 Butter, reworking 2 Buttons, 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 1 Cement 2 Cheese 3 Chemicals 3 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Clothing, men's 3 Coffins, burial eases, and undertakers' 3 Coke, not including gas-house coke... 3 Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese 2 Cooperage 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Dairymen's and poultrymen's sup- • plies 1 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving and die-sinking 1 Explosives 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 2 Fertilizers I Fireworks 1 Fuel, manufactured 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore I Grease and tallow, not includinglubri- oating greases 2 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool ' 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 DENVER— All industries 886 14, 412 668 713 1,620 449 11,062 Je 11,373 Fe 10,664 11, 133 9,338 1,720 73 2 $44,678,521 3 6 5 6 3 7 114 4 110 17 12 5 3 18 13 5 5 99 24 80 25 48 1,095 475 820 391 93 298 13 253 159 2,057 2 4 4 2 4 8 115 1 114 8 8 4 19 9 3 59 20 59 21 36 771 368 405 339 89 270 7 163 138 1,898 My 3 Je' Ee Je3 (<) Jy 6 65 23 74 21 40 De' Se' Ap 2 54 18 43 21 33 4 69 19 46 21 38 800 384 416 453 130 323 6 155 138 1,946 4 58 19 15 8 37 604 ISO 364 453 130 323 5 120 138 1,943 6,678 104,114 30,842 230,281 16,700 74,220 2,030,300 1,210,723 819,577 1,090,2S3 376,978 713,305 9,150 1,796,719 208,807 3,332,477 s Automobile bodies and parts 9 7 20 1 6 10 6 3 31 13 "295" 234 61 6 7 3 26 11 15 19 11 8 1 124 84 40 19 5 14 ■■"69' 13 48 6 6 2 17 6 8 1 1 s q Biscuits and crackers Se Au 399 414 My My 332 399 10 Another 1 11 Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products. I' Building brick Jy Je Jy3 Je Jy Oc3 142 309 10 179 149 2,046 Ja Ja De3 Mh De Fe 11 222 6 146 124 1,744 13 Sewer pipe, lire brick, and archi- 14 Brushes, other than toilet and paint. Butter '"35' 1 15 18 7 49 36 2 104 16 Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction, and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 17 2 1 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 163 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. 122,655 800 5,350 19,726 4,940 1,800 6,678 19,700 6,150 147,590 131,325 3,000 13, 265 318, 765 186,949 101,632 30,184 25,206 14,320 78,530 2,460 267,261 16,554 9,545 11,418 628,732 Wage earners. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. Primary liorsepower. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- ■ tion en- gines. 2 "Water wlieels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). Electric horse- power gener- ated in lish- ments report- ing. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $20,381 7,797 32, 491 1,960 5,040 5,242 19,826 2,970 109,905 91,448 1,740 16,717 458,519 306,979 110,638 40,902 17,142 14, 167 161,027 500 14,445 308, 172 1,124 23,044 8,415 4,428 720 755,338 $99,491 9,390 17, 664 33,180 13,374 4,643 19,334 59,234 28,637 676,929 671,589 2,640 2,700 933,068 445,583 476,196 11,289 129, 537 30,669 480,262 6,694 86,043 5,574 225,446 32,160 11,091 10,588 5,155,989 $583 S9,413 500 1,080 4,440 2,292 1,741 3,194 1,220 360 4,010 3,878 240 147 71,304 87,116 43,652 84, 194 1,546 1,275 26,106 1,647 175,877 79,584 360 11,650 38,998 60,100 136,619 7,834 12,876 675 3,381 12,681 11,060 900 7,000 9,021 167,407 50O 1,200 164 14,012 5,940 600 120 27,595 136,950 $6,475 193 356 1,688 287 457 162 2,922 11,471 11,237 90 144 29,072 12,224 16,384 464 4,281 447 26,362 310 1,916 162,403 90 34,954 878 406 136 301,254 $229,849 4,945 61,322 311,290 41,876 23,665 13,083 230, 267 6,774 741,740 739,349 1,710 681 942,890 611,961 312, 723 18,206 401,267 17,315 10,604,341 16,548 267,190 12,684,365 3,847 385,048 54,902 64,511 11,901 31,083,878 $6,927 424 6,072 475 324 2,038 2,769 9,378 21,163 20,997 166 48,444 17,007 31,380 57 3,186 208 82,685 539 4,712 672,674 146 1,628 931 991 518 5,709,222 $516,039 25,314 138,266 452,951 103,893 45,786 69,493 386,003 67,252 2,259,949 2,174,807 16,032 69,110 4,278,359 2,198,225 1,750,092 330,042 685,161 118,431 12, 726, 127 39,578 429,109 17,635,556 18,212 805,188 156,867 123,846 28,019 49,899,716 247 28 29 403 22 22 46 133 125 741 727 14 124 16 13 94 28 29 403 22 22 46 16 53 679 665 14 2 200 200 112 70 60 60 2' 2 2 5 1,485 635 860 10 io' 211 2 209 17 ""ii 1,247 633 614 69 4 2,467 46 412 20,586 5 7 52 71 37 86,222 69 4 391 32 412 225 5 7 52 61 37 9,712 '"i,'625' 3,465 19,903 2,076 14 20,284 42 35 20 71,792 474 4,244 $279,263 19,946 76,083 135,689 61,542 21,907 64,372 162,967 51,100 1,497,046 1,414,461 14, 156 68,429 3,287,025 1,569,257 1,405,989 311,779 17 280,708 100,908 2,039,201 23,491 157,207 4,278,627 14,219 418,512 101,034 58,344 15,600 13,106,615 Hats, straw 1 Ink, writing 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 3 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Lapidary work 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Lrthograpliing ; 3 Malt Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 2 Mucilage and paste 2 Musical instruments, violins and other stringed instruments 1 Paving materials 1 Petroleum, refining 4 Photographic apparatus 1 Photographic materials 1 Printing materials 2 Refrigerators 1 Regalia and society badges and emblems 1 Roofing materials, other than metal.. 2 Sales 1 Scales and balances 2 Shirts 3 Show cases 1 Smelting, copper 1 Smelting, lead 5 Smeltiag and refining, zinc 2 Soap 1 Soda-water apparatus 2 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Statuary and art goods 2 Minerals and earths, ground 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES, Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. .. Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, smoking Tools, not elsewhere specified Toys and games Wall plaster Wirework, including woven-wire fencing 2 $1,521,781 $1,862,449 $7,941,665 $242,515 $648,213 $573,783 $26,966,386 $1,069,674 $46,982,273 $18,946,213 26,555 14,021 467 287 11,780 3,525 1 1,750 41,209 19,088 35,641 10,716 26,309 499,658 219,543 280,115 203,552 46,368 157,184 4,688 134,967 97, 764 1,681,949 228 6,384 2,364 7,584 720 3,155 41,493 6,000 35,493 620 140 480 1,236 12,575 2,910 100 37 434 486 1,626 169 728 12, 792 6,564 6,238 7,014 3,206 3,808 66 6,492 1,620 47,353 1,447 141,955 8,840 233,405 14,343 49,877 1,753,383 826,805 926,578 150,697 16,741 133,956 5,034 1,706,824 43,996 953,822 30 1,662 1,344 876 312 3,901 49,923 13,119 36,804 90,218 18,319 71,899 249 10,698 2,869 71,683 5,343 335,526 36,867 356,811 35,400 100,991 3,287,986 1,576,992 1,710,994 638,202 97,754 540,448 17,600 2,028,699 204,427 2,953,181 3,866 192,009 26,683 122,530 20,746 47,213 1,484,680 737,068 747,612 397,287 62,694 334,593 12,317 311,177 157,562 1,927,676 1 33 28 47 12 75 702 341 361 1,283 548 735 9 796 136 3,482 1 V 14,624 16,884 33 26 47 12 75 321 238 63 175 9 141 74 1,562 223 223 '""iss' 958 ^ 50 2 A 19,866 10,852 "i f) 3,890 67,351 30,150 27,201 48,325 9,210 39,115 975 154,380 93,362 61,018 21,259 4,719 16,540 884 42,353' 2,400 118,679 50 7 124 84 40 1,045 485 560 s 10 1'' 13 36,867 7,420 79,157 480 3,260 656 1,860 15 62 60 16 17 * Same number reported throughout the year. > None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 164 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. Table 31. - DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber ol estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Nimiber, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 DENVER-Continued. Cleansing and polishing preparations . Clothing women's 5 3 33 24 9 30 5 4 8 3 3 8 11 64 54 10 9 4 5 5 16 4 3 12 15 11 5 4 14 4 8 90 87 3 72 5 27 40 9 8 3 3 43 170 11 62 613 468 45 159 23 18 102 68 31 197 105 1,036 752 284 126 31 95 36 114 283 23 262 85 88 17 45 31 25 131 974 964 10 992 676 208 108 108 852 14 12 347 3,283 3 1 24 19 5 30 6 2 2 1 3 1 12 40 34 6 11 5 6 5 16 3 13 9 5 4 3 4 6 74 73 1 48 28 20 5 7 1 2 46 99 1 3 25 19 6 3 2 3 65 59 6 10 30 28 2 3 5 55 369 343 26 113 17 10 79 60 26 142 74 818 675 243 97 23 74 28 70 232 14 226 60 56 11 27 19 15 96 735 732 3 538 397 122 19 74 682 10 8 270 2,516 De' Oc 6 62 Fe3 Aus 3 50 6 55 407 384 23 112 17 12 69 57 24 145 74 790 548 242 105 22 83 26 73 234 22 229 59 50 12 27 21 15 98 755 752 3 559 399 126 34 77 626 11 . 8 281 2,392 6 9 178 157 21 110 15 7 47 32 4 145 62 788 546 242 101 20 81 1 72 234 8 228 59 50 12 26 14 1 59 637 634 3 509 392 «7 30 75 599 11 5 229 1,701 111,484 29,564 688,002 530,175 157,827 173,869 22,050 27,421 356,313 34,142 6,949 1,533,197 111,339 4,660,145 3,629,085 1,031,060 143,941 19,593 124,348 42,212 182,816 3,246,852 14,375 441,658 264,132 233,580 10,810 67,827 46,484 47,182 343,594 1,408,875 1,380,446 28,429 1,131,895 856,665 211,034 64,196 264,707 3,125,738 45,730 17,960 416,321 16,596,816 9 46 225 223 2 ...... 5 22 25 20 1 7 2 2 2 2 4 De Au My 0) Mh Ja De Aus Se Oo' 395 38 132 17 13 95 67 31 166 76 Ap Ja' De (*) De3 De Oc3 Fe' Jy Mh3 310 17 102 17 7 70 56 22 124 72 6 7 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 1 3 15 2 ...... 10 78 65 13 8 1 7 1 4 17 3 9 8 12 1 2 5 1 10 58 56 2 63 24 17 22 12 26 2 1 2 1 2 42 8 86 66 20 9 2 7 '"'is' 34 1 12 2 10 2 4 4 ...... 1 14 12 2 1 " "i' 2 6 " '2' 2 2 1 9 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and 10 Engraving, steel and copper plate, 11 1? Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere 13 12 2 2 14 Foundry and machine-shop products. 15 Ja Ja 643 265 Oo Mh 519 220 16 17 2 2 "25' 2 18 ■Wood, other than rattan and wil- low Oc» No 3 Je De Je Je Ja ? 25 85 34 73 245 23 242 77 75 13 27 19 19 116 Des Ja De Jy De Se3 Ja Ja Mh' Ocs t^ Aus Fe3 22 58 23 68 215 12 200 42 47 9 27 19 12 73 19 2 90 ■>1 Jewelry. 1 09 Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-miU products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. . . • 14 24 1 95 Marble and stone work . 26 1 27 Models and patterns, not including 8 2 5 13 70 70 268 212 28 28 12 123 1 4 2 ■ "e' 37 33 4 75 43 13 19 5 15 ""2 4 104 1 6 13 39 105 105 29 Patent medicines and compounds. . . 1 1 31 Pickles and sauces 32 Printing and publishing, book and 13 13 ^? Mh Oc 799 6 Au Au' 695 2 Book publishing and printing. . . Printing and publishing, newspapers 35 20 7 11 2 1 23 30 36 Prmtine and nublishinc. . . De' Oc De Au Ja De' ?e' 399 133 34 77 737 11 8 274 No 3 My 3 Au3 Ja Se Oc3 395 113 14 69 585 9 8 264 37 Printing, publishing, and job printing 28 2 1 4 38 Publishing without printing 40 Slaughtering and meat packing 40 3 52 681 i\^ Tobacco, clears . - . 8 172 19 392 10 ^ Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace— Agricultin:al implements 1 Ammunition : 1 Artificial limbs 1 Automobiles 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Belting, leather 1 Bookbmding and blank-book making 3 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brooms, from broom com 3 Butter, reworking 2 Carpets, rag 4 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames 2 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies . . - 1 Chemicals 1 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Clothing, men's 3 Coffee, roasting and grinding 7 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Cooperage 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Dairymen's and poultrymen's sup- plies 1 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving and diesmking 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Fertilizers 1 Fireworks 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Fuel, manufactured 1 Fur goods 4 Furs, dressed 1 Gas and electric fixtures 4 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore. ; 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Hand stamps 4 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 165: OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). $1,800 6,180 45,373 36,538 8,835 3,000 22,345 3,380 22,653 10,500 191,399 152, 757 38,642 10,933 1,378 9,555 216 77,855 756 13,904 12,900 10,820 800 5,350 4,940 1,800 18,400 116,292 113,292 3,000 212,163 161,481 25,758 24,924 21,006 62,306 2,460 13,980 355,732 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $2,040 4,695 98,397 91,024 7,373 11,777 1,393 4,527 2,314 60O 52,337 5,600 124, .519 99,305 25,214 10,547 2,080 8,467 60O 11,237 52, 759 2,468 13,353 4,520 9,297 7,797 1,950 5,040 18,676 91,634 89,894 1,740 328, 731 275,959 26,780 25,992 10,082 144,394 500 1,124 21,432 449,443 $3,715 21,414 151,178 131,472 19,706 92,368 14,112 4,772 41,650 26,844 12,576 113,915 31,404 650,180 449,099 201,081 79,303 21,500 57,803 11,207 201,356 10,956 165,050 48,406 39,071 9,390 17,654 12,041 4,643 54,234 584,901 582,261 2,640 483,450 394,686 79,523 9,241 57,631 410,139 6,694 5,574 190,583 1,559,062 1,0.32 500 2,681 1,729 952 500 500 21,913 65,407 63,861 1,546 116,443 23,468 92,975 12,165 500 'i3'844' $890 1,680 31,691 28,146 3,545 13,784 1,938 1,325 2,660 1,030 1,740 2,295 1,885 26.324 23,404 2,920 11,790 4,500 7,290 4,800 10,120 67,500 1,624 930 1,494 1,080 4,440 2,684 1,220 3,678 70,259 68,984 1,275 28, 872 10,850 12,258 5,764 8,398 900 1,200 8,467 139,836 $62 74 6,463 5,604 63 93 1,267 113 47 10,809 26,805 21,430 5,376 785 154 631 131 1,257 230,684 113 7,361 1,788 2,175 193 356 233 457 2,747 8,216 8,126 90 10,585 9,636 652 297 1,45? 22' 589 310 90 23,690 132,587 $8,040 37,441 664,141 514,745 149,396 $336 470 12,914 8,908 4,006 184,709 44,400 28,913 926 259 251 49,884 3,327 18,097 279 28,740 2,349,456 334 23,909 93,097 1,392,971 709,531 683,440 4,378 122,448 61, 128 71,320 137,828 1,985 19,900 117,928 7,730 69,495 403 1,582 678 1,581 658,144 8,500 26,885 101 219,535 71, 167 78,237 6,098 4,074 2,449 4,945 61,322 29,601 23,655 207,267 424 861 430 324 2,594 591,548 589,838 1,710 17,810 17,644 166 647,140 562,806 15,684 12,761 66,691 17,743 186,961 2,801 22 1,370 9,460,615 15,648 3,847 327,866 4,192,023 73,669 539 146 983 507,693 $23,575 70,250 1,175,087 950,929 224, 158 401, 76, 43, 138, 67, 53, 2,718, 194, 3,019, 1, 755, 1,263, 282,123 61 220, 300 823 142 256 ,877 ',731 459,302 199,679 164,786 25,314 138,266 71, 730 45, 786 3 '.8, 528 1,825,684 1,809,652 16,032 2,554,536 1,976,036 343,046 235,454 321,569 11,229,598 39,578 18,212 661,914 8,798,519 $15, 199 32,339 498,032 427,276 70,756 216, 32, 14, 85, .38, 24 345, 96, 142,310 40 101, 23 121, 884, 21, 124,438 84,100 19,945 76,083 41,699 21,907 138,667 1,216,326 1,202,170 14,156 1,891,812 1,400,469 273,654 217, 689 133,238 1,695,314 23,491 14,219 333,065 4,098,803 11 323 184 139 17 8 5 84 11 1,957 87 3,049 2,330 719 172 16 166 11 50 1,786 5 932 178 67 28 29 22 22 121 632 618 14 587 488 99 35 2,237 46 5 7 7,411 118 68 60 1,600 15 476 475 1,360 731 25 40 100 1,877 14 3,836 50 317 152 20 8 11 179 90 302 72 2,574 1,855 719 16 70 11 50 224 5 201 153 23 672 658 14 587 36 360 32 6 7 3,238 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. 260 260 200 200 1,025 623 Hats, straw 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Ink, writing 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 3 Lapidary work. 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 3 Lithographing . .'. 3 Mattresses and spring beds 5 Minerals and earths, groimd 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 2 Mucilage and paste 2 * Same number reported throughout the year. Musical instruments, violins, and other stringed instruments 1 Paints 6 Photographic apparatus 1 Photographic materials 1 Photo-engraving 2 Pottery, chinaware, earthen and stone ware 3 Printing materials 2 Refrigerators 1 Regalia, and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials, other tli^ metal . . 2 Safes Scales and balances Shirts Signs and advertising novelties. Soda-water apparatus Sporting and athletic goods Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water beating apparatus Structural ironwork, not made in steel works and rolling mills Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Tobacco, smoking 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 2 Trunks and valises u Vinegar and cider 3 Window and door screens and weatherstrips 3 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 166 MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perm- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PUEBLO— All industries. , Bread and other bakery products. . . Copper, tin, aild sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products Ice, manufactured Lumber, planin^-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Printing and publishing, job work oiJy. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Saddlery and harness Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 68 110 86 20 55 36 90 48 908 43 57 72 15 676 Jy 987 P l/y Je Mh' Mh' Oc< Oc Oc* Fe Mh< De« Mh Oc* Oc< Au< Fe 46 57 77 15 583 38 57 77 12 472 3 111 $4,121,390 34,381 23,543 38,592 184,609 92,758 144,740 178,955 234,793 10,087 3,178,932 * All other industries embrace- Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Bakingpowders 1 Brick, building and fire 2 Butter 2 and wagons 1 Cars, and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Confectionery and ice cream 3 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Fur goods 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 15,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. boijldeb , Colorado Spbinqs.. Fort Collins Greeley Trinidad 32 160 28 15 19 8 90 74 741 63 67 72 21 538, 34 144 33 9 9 8 8? 37 232 31 13 11 7 170 34 310 21 28 18 7 236 •Tfi 99 Jv 689 An 93 Jy 414 De 244 Ja Ja Ja Fe Je 505 77 108 226 95 542 95 404 250 498 91 281 231 4 120 19 $566,033 2,089,853 392,386 804,263 1,393,961 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— COLORADO. 167 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. • Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage • earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. S132;365 $133,952 S725,384 £8,600 $28,086 S88,561 $1,514,982 $120,180 $3,323,598 $1,688,436 3,765 2,613 6 26 1,121 177 1 2,640 1,800 3,400 9,832 2,640 9,673 25,468 4,200 4,829 970 610 3,782 900 8,267 32,052 6,280 17,064 7,225 16,483 21,284 44,129 33,228 51,733 60,083 9,457 464,698 4,668 120 948 757 354 331 2,452 910 1,193 2,659 2,078 3,182 74,645 68,888 25,495 19,394 7,311 27,818 76,697 50,891 184,930 15,764 1,037,804 2,681 239 2,153 19,988 2,478 1,629 4,295 1,207 87 85,423 122,525 61,175 53,482 80,340 88,137 160,225 232,300 302,559 35,860 2,196,995 60,966 25,441 31,935 63,041 67,841 81,899 177,114 116,422 20,019 1,073,768 16 18 74 621 275 49 142 25 16 18 31 43 2 3,666 3 40 621 90 3 4 ,■; 924 5,452 750 1,080 444 13,700 186 47 142 25 6 2 7 3,810 8 p in 72,902 76,262 1,790 2,545 1,862 1 25 657 134 11 Gas, illumiaiting and heiting 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Hand stamps 1 Jewelry 1 Liquors, malt 1 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Mineral and soda waters 3 Paints 1 Photo-engraving . . . Pickles and sauces. Showcases CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $18,039 83,926 13,320 24,594 40,601 $19,703 81,921 13,351 17,491 24,019 $65,783 $4,798 $9,280 400,982 41,068 40,138 70,294 885 6,430 107,418 5,378 10,768 180,315 1,749 14,520 $4,347 20,553 6,398 6,314 41,825 $241,958 836,502 285,673 658,533 336,617 $11,548 60,799 14,605 21,998 36,242 $440,316 1,906,832 488, 784 909,476 846,409 $186,810 1,009,531 188,606 328,946 473,560 453 1,066 469 623 870 350 190 228 506 125 103 843 116 109 174 6 31 2 2 246 8 Same number reported throughout the year. * Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® CONNECTICUT. By William A. Countetman. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Connecticut is one of the original thirteen states. With a gross area of 4,965 square miles, of which 4,820 represent land .sur- face, it ranks forty-sixth in size among the states. Its •inhabitants in 1900 numbered 908,420, and in 1910, 1,114,756; and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,202,688. In total population Connecticut ranked thirty-first among the states in 1910 ; but in density of population it ranked fifth, with 231.3 inhabitants per square mde, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 188.5. The urban population in 1910 — thatis, the population residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabit- ants or more — ^was 999,839, or 89.7 per cent of the total, as against 87.2 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 17 cities and boroughs each having an estimated population of 10,000 or more. These cities and boroughs, whose aggregate population in that year formed 61.1 per cent of the estimated total population of Connecticut, reported 71.6 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The steam-raUway mileage in 1914 was 999, and the electric-raUway mileage in 1912 was 963. The Con- necticut River is navigable as far as Hartford, the Thames as far as Norwich, and the Housatonic for a short distance. Numerous good harbors on Long Island Sound afford facihties for coastwise commerce. The total value of farm crops grown in the state in 1909 was $22,487,999. Of this sum, $4,415,948 was contributed by tobacco, in the production of which crop Connecticut ranked eighth among the states in that year. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Connecti- cut's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $545,471,517, and the average number of wage earners employed in manufacturing industries was 226,264. In that year Connecticut ranked twelfth among the states in the former respect and eighth in the latter. The output of manufactured products in the state in 1914 represented 2.2 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the correspond- ing proportions for 1909 and 1904 being 2.4 per cent and 2.5 per cent, respectively. The per capita value of products for the state in 1914 amounted to $454, as against $440 in 1909. The corresponding per capita figures for continental United States were $245 and $225, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. For 1914 there were reported from the state of Connecticut 4,104 manufacturing estabhshments oper- ating Tinder the factory system, which gave employ- ment to 254,499 persons during the year and paid out $160,731,359 in salaries and wages. Of the per- sons employed, 226,264 were wage earners. These establishments turned out products to the value of $545,471,517, to produce which materials costing $288,510,886 were consumed. The value added by the manufacturing processes was thus $256,960,631, which figure, as stated in the "Explanation of terms," best represents the net wealth created by manu- facturing operations during the year. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number).. Primary horsepower Capital. Capital Sabrie tries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal re venue) Cost of materials Value of products - — • Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANTIFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. 1914 4,104 254,499 3,123 25,112 228,264 453,812 1620,194,294 160,731,359 35,511,499 125,219,860 2,059,176 7,161,619 288,510,886 545,471,517 256,960,631 1909 4,251 233,871 3,468 19, 611 210, 792 400,275 $517,546,554 135,756,351 25,637,306 110,119,045 1,279,258 4,618,988 257,259,393 490,271,695 233,012,302 1904 3,477 198,046 2,918 13,523 181, 605 304,204 $373,283,580 104,982,979 17,040,351 87,942,628 1,392,515 3 2,660,218 191,301,881 369,082,091 177,780,210 1899 8 3,382 9,258 159, 733 256,331 $299,206,925 85,149,341 11,755,279 73,394,062 h 169,671,648 315, 106, 150 145,434,502 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 -3.5 8.8 -9.9 28.1 7.3 13.4 19.8 18.4 38.5 13.7 61.0 55.0 12.1 11.3 10.3 22.3 18.1 18.8 45.0 16.1 31.6 38.6 29.3 50.5 25.2 -8.1 34.5 32.8 31.1 2.8 46.1 13.7 18.7 24.8 23.3 45.0 19.8 12.7 17.1 22.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized' d^'Mum^oft® * Exclusive of internal revenue. (169) 170 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. In general, Table 1 brings out the fact that the manufacturing industries of Connecticut as a whole developed much less rapidly during the period 1909-1914 than during the preceding five-year period. During the later period a decrease of 3.5 per cent in number of estabhshments was accompanied by in- creases of 7.3 per cent in average number of wage earners, 11.3 per cent in value of products, and 10.3 per cent in value added by manufacture. During the earlier semidecade the number of establishments increased 22.3 per cent, the average number of wage earners 16.1 per cent, the value of products 32.8 per cent, and the value added by manufacture 31.1 per cent. The increases in these items for the entire ten-year period 1904-1914 were 18, 24.6, 47.8, and 44.5 per cent, respectively. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 3 All industries.. Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Foundry and machine-shop products Cotton goods. Including cotton small wares. Silk goods, including throwsters Hrearms and ammunition "Woolen, worsted, and felt goods Silverware and plated ware Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Corsets Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere speci- fied. Bubber goods, not elsewhere specified Hats, fur-felt Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bread and other batery products Clocks and watches, including cases and materials. Printing and publishing Typewriters and suppUes Lumber and timber products. rurnishing goods, men's Paper and wood pulp Musical instruments, pianos and organs, and materials. Hosiery and knit goods Slaughtering and meat packing Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes Liquors, malt Gas, illuminating and heating Iron and steel torgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Gas and electric fixtures, and lamps. . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. House furnishing goods Boxes, fancy and paper Dyeing and finishing textiles Tobacco manufactures Screws, wood Clothing, men's. Including shirts.. Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified , Fe'rtili7,ers .■ Boots and shoes Flour-mill and gristmill products Shipbuilding, including boat building Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Clothing, women's Eat and cap materials Buttons Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Blacking and cleansing and pohshing preparations. Turniture Marble and stone work Iron and steel, bolts nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works CENSUS or 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 4,104 67 388 50 44 13 53 33 43 21 76 18 58 28 467 15 364 7 295 17 44 19 25 26 12 18 27 17 16 65 5 42 12 256 4 28 Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 226,264 16,781 39,369 15,466 10,668 10,863 7,350 6,465 5,059 7,298 7,568 2,485 5,461 2,223 2,014 6,599 2,838 4,662 2,356 3,142 1,898 2,267 2,904 463 3,068 539 1,209 1,573 2,391 2,465 1,233 2,196 1,764 1,570 2,266 1,305 327 762 329 667 113 258 614 621 1,337 400 1,063 173 783 638 606 8545,471,517 7.4 17.4 6.8 4.7 4.8 3.2 2.9 2.2 3.2 3.3 1.1 2.4 1.0 0.9 2.9 1.3 2.1 1.0 1.4 0.8 1.3 0.2 1.4 0.2 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 Value of products. Amount. 69,3.53,103 67,009,127 30,808,918 30,691,825 26,657,797 17,128,975 15,238,821 14,330,166 12,935,805 11,541,307 10,187,757 9,47.5,778 8,060,692 8,005,138 7,927,011 7,712,615 7,178,293 6,966,352 6,434,933 5,968,797 5,229,964 5,221,683 5,216,272 5,108,556 5,029,541 4,745,720 4,569,897 4,076,227 3,818,012 3,818,989 3,741,735 3,503,139 3,149,301 2,842,798 2,628,149 2,062,727 1,993,700 1,971,991 1,957,709 1,881,481 1,672,123 1,665,293 1,615,381 1,596,888 1,693,895 1,498,002 1,329,713 1,316,926 1,1.56,652 1,056,846 1,048,197 Per cent distri- bu- tion. ?256,960,631 12.7 12.3 5.6 5.6 4.7 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Value added by manufacture. Amount. 16,467,331 41, 858, 169 13,474,040 12,185,573 13,960,402 6,365,465 7,857,204 6,894,026 5,361,242 7,673,158 4,542,915 4,842,504 4,281,631 3,344,158 5,497,634 6,517,400 5,717,078 3,200,903 2,346,723 1,961,803 2,669,457 2,495,112 661,060 2,769,103 3,337,439 3,274,687 2,677,319 2,403,259 2,137,996 1,375,656 1,922,893 2,048,163 1,934,142 1,841,540 1,308,336 1,298,804 948,156 494, 779 619,649 250,665 901,260 1,323,092 723,415 896,628 310,251 884,694 667,064 880,830 501,969 703,672 667,496 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 6.0 16.3 5.2 4.7 5.4 2.5 3.1 2.7 2.1 3.0 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.3 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 7.3 -0.2 4.3 7.7 27.3 -6.6 3.9 44.3 9.9 0.3 17.5 4.7 -41.7 7.8 12.8 -1.4 58.9 -32.6 37.7 10.3 -1.6 -13.1 7.2 15.9 13.5 30.6 344.4 6.3 -0.4 26.5 9.5 11.7 10.9 4.8 61.5 105.3 60.6 31.2 -32.7 1.1 258.2 6.7 1.5 13.8 94.7 65.7 18.8 2.6 3.8 38.0 20.6 11.5 9.0 -22.1 -0.8 20.4 31.2 -3.3 -16.3 0.6 -64.5 162.8 -31.2 1904- 1909 20.7 10.3 -0.6 19.6 46.8 8.2 -14.2 77.6 -23.3 26.7 4.6 6.0 -1.7 -10.8 -7.1 16.4 13.8 20.6 44.7 1.4 -9.0 22.3 19.4 -21.1 62.3 -14.9 -4.S 4.2 -13.2 28.1 -78.6 36.0 59.6 31.0 1.2 12.6 5.3 -25.6 129.9 1899- 1904 13.7 8.6 45.7 15.2 117.5 2.2 22.8 38.6 10.8 -7.9 86.2 14.5 28.9 24.5 8.2 22.8 -49.0 26.1 133.1 30.6 -1.8 31.0 118.4 29.2 76.3 22.5 30.5 59.4 36.1 24.4 -74.7 Value of products. 1909- 1914 11.3 3.6 2.2 27.1 45.2 28.6 -11.5 -3.8 45.9 0.9 7.7 -7.4 -8.9 -31.0 9.5 7.3 21.1 78.7 -11.2 63.4 8.0 -6.6 -10.0 14.1 20.6 13.6 37.7 547.7 1.3 6.9 28.5 -1.7 15.0 93.0 53.7 31.1 25.4 18.1 -7.1 9.4 124.4 121.2 -6.9 6.7 -8.4 -60.2 953.6 47.2 -14.6 -11.2 1904- 1909 32.8 24.1 46.2 31.5 34.8 12.3 25.1 94.9 129.2 24.1 20.0 341.3 23.9 4.7 25.7 145.3 63.7 9.7 6.0 8.0 42.1 38.3 61.2 34.7 17.9 33.1 5.2 60.8 16.5 -5.6 31.2 -27.1 66.8 25.7 2.1 44.0 -83.7 63.0 56.3 82.6 13.1 28.7 41.1 -17.4 168.2 1899- 1904 17.1 9.9 12.0 19.0 26.2 57.2 22.5 -14.8 56.9 -18.3 39.5 7.5 14.8 13.2 53.6 23.1 108.8 13.2 41.3 55.3 32.8 -16.1 68.7 10.3 80.0 36.5 34.6 -2.4 32.3 56.8 -27.0 40.8 141.2 -13.1 16.6 12.8 271.6 32.1 78.5 40.5 33.0 108.7 13.9 76.7 -66.9 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 10.3 -18.9 2.8 9.8 32.0 41.3 -2.5 -8.7 49.4 -12.7 2.2 17.1 -12.8 -37.1 17.5 19.9 92.2 -18.5 35.5 -11.8 6.7 -9.3 6.1 9.1 9.4 34.2 588.2 -10.8 4.9 26.1 -1.6 15.5 105.7 52.1 48.6 2.7 8.8 -14.7 13.2 209.8 135.5 -2.3 -61.5 -1.7 -60.7 1,298.4 20.1 -18.8 -12.7 1904- 1909 31.1 19.2 38.2 49.3 41.4 4.6 20.6 91.8 111.0 111.2 34.5 10.0 17.9 360.0 16.1 7.0 21.4 132.1 28.5 21.1 3.4 26.0 63.2 14.8 -7.7 83.1 -20.7 41.5 38.4 22.0 -3.3 -12.4 8.1 52.3 35.1 44.7 40.9 23.1 14.1 61.6 11.7 -10.4 16.5 -1.7 15.3 14.2 0.3 25.8 -75.6 26.3 62.8 107.2 6.3 25.6 31.0 -20.8 155.2 1899- 1904 79.1 106.4 12.0 46.4 57.2 38.3 -29.0 74.9 4.8 63.6 51.8 17.7 -5.5 36.7 45.8 -24.2 17.6 156.4 -5.8 -3.0 4.3 220.6 24.6 44.8 76.2 28.9 97.8 35.7 83.7 -68.4 or rolling mills. 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 35; a minas sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not Digitized by IVIicrosoft® be given. MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 171 Table 2— Continued. CENSUS OP 1914. PEE CENT OF INCREASE.! Num- ber cf estab- Ush- ments. "Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Toys and games 14 84 13 46 7 8 13 3 27 9 15 24 748 527 452 126 194 185 571 377 302 227 166 216 63 26,143 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 11.6 $1,039,705 995,508 951,241 925,048 905,961 906,177 882,596 800,408 783,560 798,271 672,775 624,288 74,575,302 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 13.7 $659,424 5.84,896 537,636 494,132 270,242 549,743 247,627 363,007 301,785 254,017 276,977 97,137 35,267,274 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 13.7 54.1 -21.8 -46.6 28.6 -61.6 345.3 65.6 89.4 -7.5 -38.4 113.6 -51.0 199.6 -so.'e' 28.8 89.1 -15.7 -25.2 183.7 -50.5 237.1 Carriages and wagons and materials. . -27.0 28.3 Confectionery (ice cream) Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Screws, machine 23.3 -11.2 -5.6 -13.5 40.0 -16.0 11.6 18.0 -2.4 Cordage and twine, nets and seines, and linen goods. 31.8 41.6 -17.6 57.4 55.4 26.7 90.8 26.2 -2.8 Confectionery -2.6 -7.3 -20.6 -40.0 6.0 101.1 -3.2 Iff. 5 55.2 6.0 -42.8 -36.4 P) 14.5 -16.2 93.9 53.8 8.5 -8.6 45.9 -60.3 -25.5 -12.2 -26.4 7.4 -20.5 22.4 213.6 4.9 -15.9 26.6 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. 41.8 —31.6 All other industries 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 35; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ! Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 63 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $600,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding $60,000,- 000 m value; 2 with products between $30,000,000 and $40,000,000 ; 7 with products between $10,000,000 and $30,000,000 ; 14 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000; 27 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000; and 11 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are a number which have products ex- ceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual establishments. These indus- tries are: Artists' materials; belting, leather; boots and shoes, rubber; brick; carpets and rugs, other than rag; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies; chocolate and cocoa products; dental goods; dyestuffs and extracts; gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore; instruments, professional and scientific; iron and steel, steel works and rolling mUls; iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire naUs; motorcycles, bicycles, and parts; phonographs and graphophones ; sewing machines and attachments ; up- holstering materials, not elsewhere specified; and wire. The reducing and refining of gold, not from the ore, the manufacture of carpets and rugs, and phonographs and graphophones, in each of which Connecticut occu- pies a leading position, are the most important of these industries. Although a few industries greatly predomin9,te, it will be seen from Table 2 that there is, on the whole, considerable diversity in the manufactures of the state. The leading industries differ to rather a pronounced extent in their rank by value of produ(£J/ffl^2@i£fri' according to value added by manufacture. In fact, of the first 10 industries shown separately in the table, the manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes is the only one which, for 1914, holds the same position (eighth) when measured by value added by manufacture as when measured by value of prod- ucts. In 1909 this industry ranked twelfth in value of products but thirteenth in value added by manufac- ture. The manufacture of brass, bronze, and copper products was first in value of products but second in value added by manufacture in both 1914 and 1909. The foundry and machine-shop industry was second in value of products but first in value added in both years. In 1914 the cotton-goods industry ranked third in value of products but fourth in value added by manufacture ; the manufacture of firearms and ammu- nition, fifth in value of products but third in value added by manufacture; the silk industry, fourth in value of products and fifth in value added by manu- facture; the woolen and worsted goods industry, sixth in value of products but ninth in value added by manu- facture; the silverware and plated ware industry, sev- enth in value of products but sixth in value added by manufacture; the manufacture of corsets, ninth in value of products but thirteenth in value added by manufacture; and the manufacture of cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified, tenth in value of prod- ucts but seventh in value added by manufacture. The greatest rate of increase for the period 1909- 1914 in average number of wage earners — 344.4 per cent — is shown for the manufacture of iron and steel f orgings, not made in steel works or rolling miUs. This industry, however, ranked only twenty-seventh in value of products among the industries of the state in 1914. The greatest rates of decrease between 1909 and 1914 in average number of wage earners and in value of products — 54.5 and 60.2 per cent, respectively — appear J WflSiEB)e9©Rf^cture of wirework ; and the greatest rate 172 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. of decrease in value added by manufacture — 61.5 per cent — ^was reported for the manufacture of hat and cap materials. The most important industries shown in Table 2, in which they are arranged according to value of prod- ucts, may be considered briefly. Textiles. — These industries, taken as a group, ranked above any single industry in the state in value of products in 1914 and stood second only to the manufactmre of foundry and machine-shop products in number of wage earners. The following statement gives the relative impor- tance of the five industries shown as the textile group. Carpets and rugs are not included in this presentation, because to present the figures would dis- close operations of individual establishments. 1 If o S WAGE EARNERS. VALtTE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. The textile indus- tries, total 185 36,765 100.0 184,633,997 100.0 834,767,817 100.0 Cotton goods, includ- ing cotton small ■wares 50 44 53 25 13 15,466 10,668 7,350 2,904 377 42.1 29.0 20.0 7.9 1.0 30,808,918 30,591,825 17,128,975 5,221,683 882,596 36.4 36.1 20.2 6.2 1.0 13,474,040 12,185,573 6,365,465 2,495,112 247,627 38 8 Silk goods, including 35 Woolen, worsted, and 18 3 Hosiery and knit goods Cordage and twine, nets and seines, and linen goods 7.2 7 The textile group gave employment during 1914 to an average of 36,765 wage earners and reported prod- ucts valued at $84,633,997, these figures representing 16.2 per cent and 15.5 per cent, respectively, of the totals for all industries in the state. The correspond- ing percentages for 1909 were 16.3 and 14.4, respec- tively. Of the total value of products for these five textile industries, 36.4 per cent was contributed by the cotton mills, 36.1 per cent by the silk mills, 20.2 per cent by the woolen and worsted mills, 6.2 per cent by the hosiery and knitting mills, and 1 per cent by establishments manufacturing cordage and twine, nets and seines, and linen goods. Brass, hronre, and copper products. — This industry, measured by value of products, which in 1914 consti- tuted 12.7 per cent of the total value for all industries in the state, outranked all others in that year. Rolled brass and copper and brass ware, in the manufacture of which Connecticut has been prominent for years, form the greater portion of the produ'cts. At the census of 1914, as in 1909, Connecticut ranked first among the states in value of brass, bronze, and copper products, with 42.8 per cent of the total for the United States, a proportion slightly less than in 1909, when it was 44.6 per cent. Foundry and machine-shop products. — This industry was by far the most important in the state in 1914, as measured by value added by man^^rtjp^gigfl /W number of wage earners employed, and in value of products was a close second to the brass, bronze, and copper industry. In the foundry and machine-shop industry Connecticut ranked ninth among the states in 1914 and sixth in 1909. Its rank in some of the industries which make up this composite classification is still higher, the state leading all others for many years in the manufacture of hardware, one of the industries included. The hardware products made in Connecticut in 1914 were valued at $28,808,363, or 39.3 per cent of the total for the United States as a whole. Some of the largest estabhshments were engaged in the manufacture of textile and metal-working ma- chinery, of which many fine grades were made. Firearms and ammunition. — Connecticut ranked first among the states in the manufacture of these products in both 1914 and 1909. The value of output of this industry in the state increased 28.6 per cent during the five-year period. Of ammunition alone Connecticut reported a value of $21,716,557 for 1914, or 70.4 per cent of the total for the United States, which was $30,840,427, and of firearms alone the out- put of Connecticut in that year was valued at $3,941,- 240, or 37.4 per cent of the total for the United States, which was $10,543,753. The principal cities manu- facturing ammunition are New Haven and Bridge- port; those manufacturing firearms, New Haven and Hartford. Large values for safety fuses were returned from Simsbury and Avon, and considerable values for firearms from Norwich and Meriden. It should be borne in mind that the census year terminated before the foreign demand for firearms and ammunition had assumed large proportions. Silverware and plated ware. — In 1914 the products of this industry in Connecticut represented nearly 40 per cent of the total value for' the country. In plated ware alone the state led all others with 64.6 per cent of the total value of products for the United States. Meriden is the great center of the industry, next in importance are WaUingford, Bridgeport, and Bristol, in the order named. Electrical machinery, apparatus,, and supplies. — ^The growth of this industry in Connecticut has been not- able — an increase of 45.9 per cent in value of products during the last semidecade covered by the figures. It rose from twelfth place among the industries of the state in 1909, with 2 per cent of the total value of products, to eighth place in 1914, with 2.6 per cent of the total value of products. Corsets. — Connecticut ranked first among the states in this industry in both 1914 and 1909. The lead, however, was not so pronounced in the later year as in the earher, the proportion of the total value of prod- ucts being 31.9 per cent in 1914, as against 38.5 per cent in 1909. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. — T hia in- \/^/USR9#@^^^ *^® manufacture of cutlery and edge MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 173 tools and of tools not elsewhere specified. Connecti- cut ranked second among the states in the industry as a whole in both 1914 and 1909, with 19.4 per cent of the total value of products for the United States in the later year, as against 20.1 per cent in the earlier year. The percentage of increase during the period 1909-1914 was only a little more than one-fourth as great as that for the preceding five-year period. In the manufacture of cutlery and edge tools alone the state ranked first in both 1914 and 1909, with 28.8 per cent of the total value of products for the United States in the later year and 29.4 per cent in the earlier year; and in the production of tools, not elsewhere specified, it ranked fourth in each year, with 12.3 per cent of the totalfor the country in 1914. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. — ^In this in- dustry the state ranked sixth in value of products in 1914, with 4.6 per cent of the total for the United States, and fourth in 1909, with 8.6 per cent of the total for the country. Pennsylvania took fourth place and New York fifth in 1914, the latter state, by a very slight margin, taking precedence over Connecticut. Establishments included imder this title represent a number of industries producing a miscellaneous pro- duction of rubber goods, among the most important in Connecticut being tires and inner tubes, rubber cloth, pliimbers' rubber specialties, and druggists' sundries. Establishments engaged primarily in the manufac- ture of rubber boots and shoes and rubber belting and hose are not included under this classification and can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Eats, fur-felt. — Connecticut ranked second among the states in value of products of this industry in both 1914 and 1909, with 25.4 per cent of the total for the United States in the later year, as compared with 21.7 per cent in the earher. Automobiles, including bodies and farts. — ^In this in- dustry the state has suffered a decided decrease in value of products from the amount reported for 1909, some of the large factories having gone out of busi- ness. In 1914 the output of the automobile industry represented 1.5 per cent of the total value of manu- factured products for the state, as compared with 2.4 per cent in 1909. The rank of Comiecticut among the states in this industry dropped from fifth in 1909 to tenth in 1914. Clocks and watches, including cases and materials. — Considering this industry as a whole, Connecticut ranked fij^st among the states in both 1914 and 1909, with 23.2 per cent of the total value of products for the United States in the later year and 21 per cent in the earlier. In the manufacture of clocks alone the state ranked first in both years, with nearly one-half the total value of products for the country in 1914; in the production of watches alone it ranked high also in 1914, but the rank can not be given, tftWi&'B}- Mfd'fdsoft® lishment was classified under "watches." A consid- erable value of watches was reported by a number of clock factories in 1914 and a considerable value of clocks by the one watch factory. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — ^Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 254,499, of whom 226,264, or nearly nine- tenths, were wage earners; 9,149 were proprietors and ofl&cials;- and 19,086 were clerks and other subordi- nate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 167,366, or three-fourths, were males, and 54,505, or one-fourth, were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for indi- vidual industries will be found in Table 36. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFAC- TURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 19D9 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 254,499 233,871 191,716 176,478 62,783 67,393 75.3 75.6 24.5 Proprietors and officials 9,149 9,030 8,847 8,666 302 364 96.7 96.0 3 3 4.0 Proprietors and firm members . . . Salaried officers of corporations. . . Superintendents and managers... Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 3,123 3,468 2,375 2,124 3,651 3,438 19,086 14,049 226,264 210,792 2,984 3,311 2,300 2,088 3,563 3,267 13,287 10,153 169,682 167,669 139 157 75 36 88 171 6,799 3,896 66,682 63,133 95.5 95.5 96.8 98.3 97.6 95.0 69.6 72.3 74.9 74.8 4.5 4.5 3.2 1.7 2.4 5.0 30.4 27.7 26.1 25.2 16 years of age and over 221,871 205,371 4,393 5,42] 167,366 154,724 2,216 2,936 54, 506 50,647 2,177 2,486 75.4 75.3 50.4 64.1 24 6 Under 16 years of age 24.7 49 6 46.9 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. The totals for aU classes show increases for the period 1909-1914, with the exception of proprietors and firm members and of wage earners under 16 years of age. In the latter class the decrease was con- siderably greater for males than for females. The largest percentage of increase, 35.9 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, this percentage in the case of female clerks being much greater than the corresponding percentage for males. On the other hand, the increase among wage earners was relatively somewhat less for females than for 174 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. CtASS. Per cent of increase,i 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 8.8 8.6 9.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials 1.3 -9.9 11.8 6.2 3S.9 7.3 8.0 -19.0 2.1 -9.9 10.2 9.1 30.9 7.6 8.2 -24.5 -17.0 -11.5 3.6 1.2 0.9 1.4 7.5 88.9 87.2 1.7 3.9 1.5 0.9 1.5 6.0 90.1 87.8 2.3 4.6 1.6 1.2 1.9 6.9 88.5 87.3 1.2 4.9 1.9 1.2 1.9 5.8 89.3 87.7 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 9.2 90.3 86.8 3.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 6.8 92.6 88.2 4.3 Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers. -48.5 48.8 6.7 7.6 -12.4 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age . . 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earMer census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANCEACTDRING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.i 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 254,499 233,871 198,046 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.8 18 1 Proprietors and firm members. 3,123 25, 112 226,264 3,468 19,611 210,792 2,918 13,523 181,605 1.2 9.9 88.9 1.5 8.4 90.1 1.5 6.8 91.7 -9.9 28.1 7.3 18.8 Wage earners (average) 16.1 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. This table shows a constant increase in the propor- tion that salaried employees represent of the total number of persons engaged. The percentages of in- crease for the five-year period 1909-1914 are much less than for the preceding semidecade, and for pro- prietors and firm members a decrease of 9.9 per cent is shown. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion which the number of children under 16 years of age formed of the total number of wage earners decreased from 2.6 per cent in 1909 to 1.9 per cent in 1914. The proportion of females 16 years of age and over re- mained about the same at each census, while the pro- portion of males shows a shght increase. In seven industries — those manufacturing fancy and paper boxes, buttons, corsets, hosiery ^iid .knit goods, men's clothing, men's furnishing goo< clothing — ^more than half the number of wage earners employed in 1914 and 1909 were females 16 years of age and over. Of these industries, the manufacture of corsets shows the highest percentage of women wage earners in 1914, 81.1 per cent; the greatest proportion for 1909, 88.5 per cent, appears for the manufacture of women's clothing. Considerable proportions of fe- males over 16 years of age are also shown for the sUk; needle, pin, and hook and eye; cotton goods; copper, tin, and sheet-iron; clock and watch; and electrical machinery, apparatus, and supply industries. Table 6 All industries . Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other baliery products Buttons Clooks and watches, including cases and materials. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Corsets Cotton goods, including cotton small wares . Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. . Dyeing and finishing textiles Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average number.i 226, 264 210,792 181,605 2,223 3,815 2,196 1,849 16,781 16,817 2,014 1,869 1,063 1,057 6,599 5,851 1,305 751 1,337 1,382 .2,465 2,475 7,298 6,643 15,466 14,360 7,568 7,547 1,764 1,719 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 74.0 73.4 73.1 40.4 39.5 88.6 87.2 43.4 40.3 64.5 66.4 27.9 23.0 23.9 8.0 14.2 14.5 56.4 55.8 90.3 89.5 87.2 85.2 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years of age. 24.1 24.0 24.5 0.5 0.7 53.5 51.5 10.3 10.4 9.7 12.0 52.2 56.5 32.7 30.9 70.1 76.2 73.3 88.5 33.2 29.5 81.1 82.1 39.3 39.4 8.8 9.3 10.3 12.2 1.9 2.6 2.4 0.9 0.6 6.1 9.0 0.6 1.3 1.7 0.9 4.4 3.2 2.7 3.7 2.0 0.8 2.8 3.5 1.3 4.0 4.7 3.4 4.3 4.8 0.8 1.2 2.6 2.6 aw>nating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average names combined, see " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 175 Table 6— Continued. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Firearms and ammunition Foundry and maohine-sliop products Furnishing goods, men's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps Gas, illuminating and heating Hats, fur-telt Hosiery and knit goods I — Iron and steel forgings Lumber and timber products Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes Paper and wood pulp ' Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including throwsters Silverware and plated ware Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, and felt goods All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 19U 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAENEK3. Average ntimber. 5,059 3,505 10,863 8,533 37,736 3,142 2,282 2,249 1,209 5,461 6,217 2,904 3,340 1,573 354 2,356 2,267 2,304 3,068 2,648 1,898 1,720 2,838 2,878 2,485 2,115 10,668 8,703 6,465 6,223 1,570 1,513 4,662 2,934 7,350 7,789 40,587 38,193 Per cent oi total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. 64.0 64.1 32.7 31.1 76.8 75.4 22.9 23.6 89.3 89.2 9.6 8.9 41.2 45.7 56.0 52.9 79.4 76.5 19.5 21.9 99.6 99.2 '"b'.z 70.6 70.2 28.4 29.1 30.1 30.8 67.3 66.1 89.6 99.4 7.9 97.4 98.7 1.7 0.9 82.8 84.2 17.1 13.5 53.8 50.3 40.9 44.1 90.9 84.2 8.8 15.1 79.7 77.4 18.1 19.3 84.9 79.3 14.1 19.6 52.8 46.1 43.8 49.6 81.4 80.5 16.8 17.1 79.9 78.6 18.8 20.1 83.6 83.1 14.8 14.3 70.8 66.4 26.3 28.9 78.0 76.8 20.6 20.6 Un- der 16 years of age. 3.3 4.8 0.3 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.8 1.5 1.0 1.7 0.4 0.4 1.0 0.7 2.5 3.1 2.5 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.2 2.4 6.3 6.6 0.3 0.7 2.1 3.2 0.9 1.1 3.4 4.3 1.8 2.4 1.3 1.3 1.6 2.6 2.9 4.7 1.4 2.6 For each, census year the greatest proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age is shown for the manu- facture of fancy and paper boxes; but this proportion decreased during the five-year period from 9 per cent to 6.1 per cent. For 1914 relatively large propor- tions — ^more than 4 per cent in each case — of children under 16 years of age also appear for the button, corset, cotton-goods, and needle, pin, and hook and eye industries. The smallest proportion of this class of wage earners in 1914 is shown for the manufacture of pianos and organs. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 17 cities and boroughs having more than 10,000 in- habitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities and boroughs where per cent of increase can be computed. The four largest cities in the state are New Haven, Bridgeport, Hartford, and Waterbury, in the order in which named; but in respect to the average number of wage earners employed in 1914, these cities ranked in the following order: Bridgeport, New Haven, Water- bury, and Hartford. In Bridgeport the proportion of female wage earners 16 years of age and over was higher, and in New Haven and Hartford it was lower, in each of the three census years than the corresponding proportion for the state as a whole; and in Waterbury the proportion of this class of wage earners was lower than that for the state in 1914 and 1909 but higher in 1904. Among the larger cities, by far the smallest proportion of female wage earners in each year is shown for Hartford. The greatest proportion of female wage earners 16 years of age and over, which is shown for any city in 1914, appears for WiUimantic; the next greatest, for Naugatuck; and the third greatest, for Norwalk. The smallest proportion of this class of wage earners in 1914 and 1909 is shown for Ansonia. The greatest proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age in 1914 appears for Norwalk, and the next greatest, for Torrington and WiUimantic, the percentage for these two places being the same. The smallest percentage of child wage earners in 1914 appears for New Britain. For each of the cities given in these tables, with the exceptions of Naugatuck and New London, an increase in the total average nimaber of wage earners is shown for the ten-year period 1904-1914, the greatest percentage of increase, 71.3, appearing for Stamford, and the smallest, 9.9 per cent, for Norwich. For Bridgeport, Hartford, and New Britain the percent- ages of increase were also large. All the cities, except Middletown, New London, and Norwich, show in- creases for the five-year period 1909-1914. The greatest percentage of increase, 43.6, for this period is shown for Stamford. The number of female wage earners in each of the cities, for which comparative figures are given, in- creased during the ten-year period 1904-1914; and during the five-year period 1909-1914 an increase in this class of wage earners took place in each city, except Middletown and Norwich. As shown in Table 7, the number of wage earners imder 16 years of age has decreased in 5 cities between 1904 and 1914, and in 10 cities for the latter haJf of the decade. The number of wage earners in this class, however, is very small in some of the cities.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 176 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 7 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITY. Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Und er 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Ansonift 4,312 30,042 4,180 6,304 17,137 8,166 2,389 3,539 14,320 24,993 2,154 4,963 4,074 5,723 4,974 20,189 3,507 4,127 25,775 3,394 19,492 3,788 21,098 3,311 3,718 14,360 6,446 1,692 2,132 11,465 18,653 1,400 2,921 3,040 4,935 4,195 15,219 1,843 3,743 18,262 2,937 13,977 469 8,308 799 1,526 2,592 1,588 663 1,375 2,804 6,787 744 1,868 925 697 642 4,701 1,665 347 6,852 433 5,066 65 636 70 60 185 132 34 32 51 653 10 174 109 91 137 269 99 37 661 24 449 87.8 70.2 79.2 70.1 83.8 78.9 70.8 60.2 80.1 74.6 65.0 58.9 74.6 86.2 84.3 75.4 52.6 90.7 70.8 86.5 71.7 10.9 27.7 19.1 28.8 16.1 19.4 27.8 38.9 19.6 23.2 34.5 37.6 22.7 12.2 12.9 23.3 44.6 8.4 26.6 12.8 26.0 1.3 2.1 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.4 2.2 0.5 3.6 2.7 1.6 2.8 1.3 2.8 0.9 2.6 7 "?. 3 Bristol 4,810 14,627 7,845 2,434 3,464 13,513 123,497 2,225 4,515 11,221 7,281 "3," 628' 10,073 21,437 2,554 3,391 12,224 6,080 1,543 2,113 10,600 117,354 1,466 3,101 9,386 6,638 "2,'3i6' 7,871 16,224 1,829 1,371 2,217 1,585 840 1,261 2,675 5,438 692 1,363 1,754 1,537 'i,'226" 1,980 4,714 715 48 186 180 61 90 338 705 67 51 81 206 "'92' 222 499 10 70.5 83.6 77.5 63.4 61.0 77.7 73.9 66.9 68.7 83.6 76.1 '63.'?' 78.1 75.7 71.6 28.5 16.2 20.2 34.6 36.4 19.8 23.1 31.1 30.2 15.6 21.1 "ss.'s' 19.7 22.0 28.0 1.0 1.3 2.3 2.1 2.6 2.5 3.0 3.0 1 1 Hartford n 7 Meriden 1 8 Naugatuck ? 5 9. 1 t. 3 New London 0.4 Norwich 14,101 3,984 4,488 20,170 3,020 3,706 3,341 'i5,'466' 13,008 3,554 3,828 15,088 1,649 2,802 2,843 'i6,'948' 1990 382 512 4,648 1,383 831 363 '4,'i26' 1103 48 148 434 88 73 135 "338' 73.4 89.2 85.3 74.8 51.3 75.6 85.1 'n.i' 24.1 9.6 11.4 23.0 45.8 22.4 10.9 '26.'7' 2.5 1.2 3.3 2.2 2.9 2.0 Stamford. 4.0 Torrington 2 ? WUlimantlo 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Table S PER CENT OF INCEEA3E IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.l Period. Ansonia. Bridgeport. Danbury. Hartford . Meriden. Middletown. Naugatuck.. New Britain.. New Haven.. New London. Norwich Stamford Torrington. Waterbury. WlUimantic. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904r-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 Total. 27.0 4.5 21.6 54.1 16.6 32.2 17.5 10.3 6.5 52.7 17.2 30.4 12.2 4.1 7.7 -1.8 -2.5 2.2 -4.5 42.2 6.0 34.2 16.6 6.4 9.6 -15.7 -3.2 -12.9 9.9 -0.7 10.7 71.3 43.6 19.2 10.8 31.0 0.1 16.1 16 years of age and over. Male. Female. 29.0 1.2 27.4 60.9 15.5 30.7 19.9 9.6 9.4 53.0 17.5 30.2 16.4 6.0 9.8 9.7 -7.7 0.9 -8.5 45.7 9.2 33.4 15.0 7.5 7.0 -23.5 -4.5 -19.8 8.5 1.1 7.4 73.6 38.9 25.0 9.6 39.0 0.9 37.8 19.0 35.2 -19.9 64.0 21.2 36.3 12.0 11.3 0.6 47.8 16.9 26.4 3.3 0.2 3.1 -21.1 12.2 9.0 2.9 41.6 4.8 35.1 22.8 6.4 15.4 4.1 7.6 -3.2 11.3 -6.6 19.1 92.0 82.5 5.2 25.4 14.1 1.1 12.8 Under 16 years of age. 41.6 -3.8 47.2 -36.9 -26.7 -12.6 -77.0 -84.9 52.3 10.8 -21.6 41.3 5.8 -32.6 -64.'4 -7.4 -20.4 -38.0 28.4 12.5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. ■Wage earners employed, by months. — ^The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15tli of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January February... March April May June July August September. October November. December.. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.! 1914 228,033 230,542 233,083 232, 162 231,433 228, 262 223.931 219,789 222,889 223, 118 220,393 221,543 1909 201,545 199,325 202,523 203,599 205, 198 208,732 206,295 211,295 218,637 222,052 224,439 226,862 1904 179,378 180,961 182,523 181,048 180,416 179,519 177,637 178,203 182,464 186,269 186,248 186,604 Per cent of Tng-rimHTn 1914 97.8 98.9 100.0 99.6 99.3 97.9 96.1 94.3 95.6 96.7 94.6 96.0 1909 89.2 88.2 89.7 90.1 90.9 92.4 91.3 93.6 96.8 98.3 99.4 100.0 1904 96.3 97.2 98.0 97.2 96.9 96.4 95.4 95.7 98.0 99.5 100.0 99.7 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 16th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those lor 1904, the average number employed during the month. The greatest average number of wage earners were employed in the first six months of 1914, the maxi- mum number, 233,083, being reported for March. During 1904 and 1909 the greatest activity is shown for the last three months of the year, the maximum number appearing for December in 1909 and for November in 1904. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 26,537 in 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the Digitized by Microsoft© MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 177 nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 17 cities and boroughs having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table lO INDUSTKT AND OTY. All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. .. Bread and other bakery products — Clocks and watches, including cases and materials Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Corsets Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Firearms and ammunition Foundry and machine-shop products. Fumishmg goods, men's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. . . Hats, tor-felt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel forgings Lumber and timber products Musical instruments, pianos and or. gans, and materials Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishmg Eubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including throwsters Silverware and plated ware Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and suppUes Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. All other industries , TotaHor cities. Ansokia Beidsepoet. Beistol Danbuey Haetfobd... Meeiden MmOLETOWN.. Naugatcck.... New Beitain.. New Haven.. New Lonbon. Noewalk NOEWICH Stamfoed toeeington.. Wateebuey.. WlLLm ANTIC- WAGE EAENEKS: 1911. [Month of ma-rimiiTii employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italtc figures. J Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 226,264 2,223 2,196 16,781 2,014 2,465 7,298 15,466 7,568 1,764 5,059 10,863 39,369 3,142 3,391 5,461 2,904 1,573 2,356 2,267 3,068 1,898 2,838 2,485 10, 668 6,465 1,570 4,662 7,350 45, 501 159, 966 4,312 30,042 4,180 5,304 17,137 8,166 2,389 3,639 14,320 24,993 2,154 4,963 4,074 5,723 4,974 20, 189 3,507 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 228,033 2,022 2,237 16,654 1,971 8,850 2,591 7,651 15, 568 7,634 1,780 5,015 10,436 41, 032 3,312 2,633 5,565 2,972 1,525 2,570 2,596 3,128 1,944 2,831 2,430 9,877 6,506 1,590 4,985 e.sos 45,325 162, 625 4,419 30, 028 4,251 5,404 17,437 8,273 2,449 3,819 14,943 24, 970 2,248 4,931 3,841 6,238 5,126 20, 471 3,777 Feb- ruary. 230,542 2,220 2,238 16, 960 i,9S9 6,826 2,548 7,601 15,411 7,848 1,786 5,294 10, 387 41, 052 3,369 2,587 5,868 2,983 I.SIO 2,681 2,588 3, 087 1,926 2,815 2,695 10,527 6,723 1,557 6,113 6,981 45, 602 164, 145 4,384 30, 127 4,295 5,664 17, 654 8,522 2,416 3,790 14, 947 25,110 2,307 5,011 4,069 6,292 5,248 20, 576 3,743 March. 233,083 2,320 2,241 17,455 1,973 6,735 2,598 7,654 15,410 7,876 1,790 5,407 10,463 41,074 3,372 2,567 5,802 2,996 1,583 2,609 3,120 1,930 2,840 2,880 10,828 6,726 1,561 5,145 7,474 46, 062 165, 853 4,551 30,907 4,377 6,687 17,924 8,598 2,416 3,867 14, 907 24,994 8,327 5,088 4,146 5,213 20, 823 3,712 April. 232,162 2,631 2,217 17,209 2,000 6,676 2,548 7,655 15,481 7,849 1,743 5,220 10,383 40, 698 3,311 2,497 6,199 2,981 1,619 2,456 2,482 3,087 1,946 2,842 3,190 10, 934 6; 574 1,550 5,100 7,567 46, 617 164, 794 4,403 31,022 4,345 5,113 18, 001 2,523 3,795 14, 776 25,173 2,306 6,051 4,116 6,195 5,058 20, 855 3,673 May. 231,433 2,602 2,178 16,978 2,023 6,705 2,508 7,608 15,624 7,717 1,752 5,094 10,361 40,546 3,190 2,420 4,887 2,939 1,620 2,356 2,349 3,021 1,939 2,874 3,193 11,137 6,543 1,648 5,024 7,781 47,017 163,458 4,411 30, 897 4,313 4, 90S 17,926 8,297 2,397 3,903 14,716 25,069 2,307 5,046 4,137 6,124 4,961 20, 438 3,614 June. 228,252 2,599 2,159 16,790 2,048 6,589 2,450 7,594 15,348 7,848 1,781 6,070 10, 279 39,622 3,045 2,334 5,068 2,942 1,610 2,143 2,225 11,974 1,909 2,869 3,009 11, 169 6,466 1,646 4,896 7,725 46, 155 160, 813 4,324 30, 730 4,237 5,045 17, 561 8,198 2,337 3,601 14, 572 24,455 2,279 4,954 4,139 5,884 4,887 20,096 3,515 July. 223,931 2,471 2,208 16, 775 2,065 e,sie 2,478 7,466 15,422 7,480 1,781 4,983 10, 126 38,535 3,041 2,195 5,571 2,781 1,601 B,050 1,922 2,978 1,891 2,795 2,778 11, 224 5,990 1,558 4,712 7,580 46, 158 157, 511 4,339 30,387 4,088 5,376 16,945 7,484 2,344 3,637 14,167 24,303 2,215 4,782 4,050 5,632 4,832 19, 682 3,448 -iugust. 219,789 2,322 2,126 16,574 2,064 6,426 2,380 7,376 15, 497 7,651 1,742 4,914 9,307 38,276 3,067 2,335 5,766 2,686 1,578 2,101 1,965 2,988 1,821 2,803 2,170 11,032 6,404 1,577 4,425 7,175 43,342 163,968 4,320 28, 926 3,969 5,446 16,634 7,900 2,364 1,569 14,288 2,116 4,793 4,101 5,452 4,835 19, en 3,428 Sep- tember. 222,889 2,064 2,190 16,630 2,035 6,514 2,374 7,053 15,658 7,290 1,725 4,873 10,812 37,747 3,108 2,300 5,778 2,874 1,640 2,163 2,062 3,080 1,842 2,819 1,917 11,031 6,423 1,587 4,137 7,304 45,989 156,503 4,377 29, 826 4,075 5,488 15,860 8,000 2,377 3,586 13, 744 24,954 2,086 4,953 4,098 5,166 4,761 19, 757 3,407 Octo- ber. 223,118 1,910 2,210 16,232 2,015 2,400 6,731 15,498 7,214 1,819 4,979 11,894 37,787 3,124 2,321 5,673 2,896 1,568 2,298 2,123 3,091 1,867 2,849 1,882 10, 664 6,499 1,609 4,117 7,464 45,758 166, 683 4,145 29,535 4,094 5,422 16,201 8,052 2,365 3,632 13,622 25, 513 1,962 6,026 4,101 6,224 4,785 19, 846 3,188 Novem- ber. 220,393 1,836 2,180 16,218 2,007 6,581 2,371 6,561 16,279 7,232 1,740 4,978 12,526 37, 718 2,928 2,251 5,275 2,912 1,548 2,403 2,134 3,131 1,869 2,840 1,785 9,804 6,436 1,591 4,136 7,039 45,085 155, 954 4,038 28, 930 4,069 5,095 16,475 8,142 2,381 3,638 13,617 25,644 1,835 4,971 4,010 6,151 4,886 19,892 3,180 Decem- ber. 221,543 1,880 2,166 16,897 2,008 6,334 2,334 6,626 15,396 7,277 1,729 4,881 13,382 38,341 2,837 2,252 5,080 2,886 1,674 2,443 2,179 3,151 1,892 2,879 1,991 9,809 6,290 1,566 4,164 7,307 44,002 157,240 4,035 29,183 4,063 4,983 16,993 8,126 2,299 3,746 13,641 25,532 1,870 4,967 4,047 5,108 6,119 20,239 3,401 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 94.3 70.6 94.7 92.9 94.9 92.2 85.7 97.6 91.6 94.8 90.1 69.5 91.8 84.1 83.4 83.3 89.7 93.2 76.5 74.0 94.4 93.6 97.1' 55.9 87.3 89.1 96.1 80.0 87.4 92.2 92.8 88.7 93.2 90.5 86.2 88.1 87.0 91.1 40.2 90.6 94.5 78.9 94.0 92.6 80.7 90.5 94.0 84.2 Among the industries shown, those having the most nearly imiform employment in 1914 are the manufac- tm-e of cotton goods and printing and pubhshing, while the greatest degree of fluctuation appears for rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. In 1914, March, the maximum month for all industries combined, was also the month of greatest employment in 10 of the sepa- rate industries; and August, the minimum month for all industries combined, was the month of least em- ployment in 4 of the separate industries. For 8 of the 17 cities— Ansonia, Bristol, Danbury, Meriden, New London, Norwalk, ^oj^6J(&4t^( 82101°— 18 12 ford — the greatest employment is shown for March, the maximum month for the state as a whole and for all cities combined; and for 5 cities — Bridgeport, Bris- tol, Naugatuck, New Haven, and Waterbury — the least employment appears for August, the minimum month for the state as a whole and for all cities com- bined. The leading cities — Bridgeport, Hartford, New Britain, New Haven, and Waterbury — show stabihty of employment, the least fluctuation appearing for New Haven, where the number employed in August, the minimum month, formed 94.5 per cent of the l\MCfiG>80&^jed in November, the maximum month. 178 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. The greatest fluctuation appears in Naugatuck, where the proportion that the minimum number formed of the maximum was 40.2 per cent. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 1 1 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabHshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for aU industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabMshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 11 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNER3. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 64. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 • 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 226,264 210,792 18,850 6,634 27,929 11,088 38,856 33,849 121,717 117, 295 16.077 38,978 2,260 1,908 377 499 198- 541 2,223 3,815 2,196 1,849 ■ 16,781 16, 817 2.014 1,869 6,599 5,851 2,465 2,475 7,298 6,643 16,466 14,360 7,568 7,647 1,764 1,719 6,059 3,605 10,863 8,633 39, 369 37,736 164 2,281 718 2,249 5,461 5,217 2,904 3,340 1,573 354 2,366 3,495 2,267 2,304 3,068 2,648 1,898 1,720 2,838 2,878 2,485 2,115 10,668 8,703 6,465 6,223 122 293 72 970 110 4,143 198 83 80 513 248 1,398 185 79 358 323 571 206 4,004 3,362 99 51 81 1,535 884 933 991 9,328 13,441 250 80 2,082 1,306 1,374 1,293 4,460 6,165 16, 273 13,448 3,859 4,716 1,648 351 3,625 2,633 9,440 7,825 20, 177 1,8,682 25 1,461 23 658 2,888 2,831 797 1,238 85 11 64 24 260 188 . BreEid and other bakery products . . 46 46 7 27 Clocks and watches, including cases and materials 4 1,183 427 411 353 189 69 212 145 2,688 1,476 71' 33 261 342 386 Corsets 2 116 879 1,652 1,219 102 1,366 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares . 6 1,670 248 12 326 1,022 2 2 735 592 1,413 708 7,446 13,600 86 23 Dyeing and finishing textiles. . T^^lpctrifa^ r"?l'^^i'""^T'yj n.ppn.rq,tnf?^ f\x\f\ snppliftF^ 4 7 695 273 10 5,563 187 4,074 1,235 78 112 33 5 2,889 3,016 396 2,109 4,126 1 6 3 1,228 686 1,633 516 1,468 1,644 2,622 903 153 86 113 370 366 2,189 334 288 112 72 346 1,668 1,767 9,669 8,064 3,710 3,561 916 1 1,467 588 323 2 98 11 441 366 4 1 364 22 541 441 67 71 1,144 1,248 1,836 750 609 236 123 Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods 276 1 6 274 1,452 8 1,198 752 2,314 417 542 96 27 367 217 230 639 237 1,907 Iron and steel forgings ... 514 114 411 317 49 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 127 100 179 79 229 348 474 184 504 667 331 270 Printing and publishing 1,647 1,372 675 659 366 131 16 753 Silverware and plated ware 225 1,223 230 1,070 625 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 179 Table 11— Continued. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In estabUshments where the prevaiUng hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 19U 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,570 1,513 4,662 2,934 7,350 7,789 60,152 42,310 159,966 1,320 1,442 115 31 406 171 108 134 10 4,233 2,631 307 87 12,257 6,094 33,661 1 6 24 23 132 6,123 4,741 19,888 19,826 75, 113 812 2,961 4,597 10,141 8,688 - 6,107 1,996 16,688 6,367 2,611 24,044 1,709 903 1,253 39 202 321 Total for cities 537 198 4,312 30,042 4,180 5,304 17,137 8,166 2,389 3,539 14,320 24,993 2,154 4,963 4,074 5,723 4,974 20,189 3,607 68 4,481 26 1,503 1,677 498 62 394 4,826 1,920 166 204 281 166 25 484 17 13 6,636 642 1,764 2,119 1,219 23 60 1,136 3,483 35 2,824 11 324 114 4,744 8 33 1,737 484 455 10,650 928 233 2,478 3,775 6,890 775 390 415 770 199 3,440 9 4,186 17,295 2,896 1,246 2,350 5,291 1,977 256 4,348 10,819 1,067 1,480 2,536 3,764 4,553 7,671 3,398 22 874 232 336 258 157 85 361 153 1,022 ^ 79 27 594 709 83 3,691 5 Bbidgefort i9 Danbtjry 183 73 9 MrnTiT.TilTn^srK ■ . . Naugatuck NR'w Pt^ttatn 14 734 42 3 12 69 New Haven 90 36 2 226 33 Tormngton 95 69 3 1 61 ■WTT-T.TMAMTTn The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for most of the selected industries, emphasize the tend- ency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1914, 37.8 per cent of the total number of wage earners in all industries were employed in establishments working 54 hours or less per week, the corresponding proportion for 1909 being 24.5 per cent. The number of wage earners in estabUshments whose working hours were 60 or more per week formed only 8.4 per cent of the total for all industries in 1914, this proportion having decreased from 20 per cent in 1909. The increase in the number in establishments working 54 hours or less per week with the decrease in those working 60 or more per week is due to a shortening of hours since 1909 in factories producing brass, bronze, and copper products ; corsets ; cutlery and tools ; foun- dry and machine-shop products ; fur-felt hats ; and sil- verware and plated ware. More than one-half, 121,717, of the wage earners in the state in 1914 were employed in establishments whose prevaihng hours were between 54 and 60 per week. If to this number be added those in the estab- lishments having 54 and 60 hours per week, respectively, as their prevailing hours of work, there will be obtained a total of 176,650 wage earners, or 78.1 per cent of the aggregate for the state, in establishments working from 54 to 60 hours per week, inclusive. In 1909 the number employed in establishments whose prevailing hours were between 54 and 60 formed about the same proportion of the total as did the corresponding number in 1914, but the number in estabhshments working 54 hours per week in 1909 was somewhat smaller, while the number hi estabhshments whose prevaihng hours were 60 per week in that year was very much larger than the corresponding numbers reported in 1914. Of the 159,966 wage earners employed in the cities for which separate statistics are shown in 1914, 149,506, or more than nine-tenths, were in establish- ments where the prevailing hours were less than 60 per week, while only 10,460 were in estabhshments in which the hours were 60 or more per week. Six cities show no wage earners in estabhshments working more than 60 hours a week. For all 17 cities, establishments were reported with prevaihng hours below 54 a week, the number of wage earners employed in these estab- hshments forming 26.5 per cent of the total for the combined cities. The corresponding percentages for Danbury and Norwalk are noticeably large, 61.6 and 61, respectively. The great hardware and cutlery center, New Britain, also reported a large proportion, 41.6 per cent, of its wage earners as in estabhshments with prevailing hours under 54 per week. location of- establishmeiits.^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Connecticut were centrahzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 180 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPIILATION OP 10,000 OB OVER. DISTBICTS OtITSIDE OF CITIES HA VINO Total. 10,000 to 26,000. 25;000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OP 10,000 OE OVEE. Number or amount. For cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. H^umber of places.. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 17 15 12 735,439 630, 732 445,581 2,598 . 2,363 1,710 159,966 138,080 91,209 $390,821,254 333,124,942 193,446,554 187,171,266 158,234,823 89,466,068 61.1 56.6 49.0 63.3 55.7 50.6 70.7 65.5 57.1 71.6 67.9 61.4 72.8 67.9 61.6 9 8 7 151,885 126,698 114,851 648 526 459 34,433 28,669 24,656 $92,606,631 78,539,022 69,755,560 36,279,654 31,312,108 23,354,908 12.6 11.4 12.6 15.8 12.4 13.6 15.2 13.6 15.4 17.0 16.0 19.0 14.1 13.4 16.1 5 5 4 216, 722 268,375 222,703 627 882 814 53,361 60, 139 48,959 $112,605,351 138,107,117 98,791,567 64,874,751 72, 542, 576 47,337,239 18.0 24.1 24.5 16.3 20.7 24.1 23.6 28 6 30.6 20.6 28.2 31.4 21.4 31.1 32.5 3 2 1 366,832 235,659 108,027 1,323 955 437 72, 172 49,272 17,694 $185,709,272 116,478,803 34,899,437 96, 016, 861 54,380,139 18, 763, 921 1,202,688 1,114,756 908,420 4,104 4,251 3,382 226,264 210,792 159,733 $545,471,517 490,271,695 315, 106, 150 256,960,631 233,012,302 146,434,502 30.5 21.1 11.9 32.2 22.5 12.9 31.9 23.4 11.0 34.0 23.8 11.1 37.4 23.1 12.9 467,249 484,024 462,839 1,506 1,888 1,672 66,298 72,712 68,524 $164,650,263 167,146,753 121,659,596 69,789,375 74,777,479 66,978,434 38.9 43.4 60.9 36.7 Average number of wage earners 44.4 49.4 29.3 34. S 42.9 28.4 32.0 38 6 27.2 32.1 38.5 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. For 1914, 71.6 per cent of the total value of products manufactured in the state and 70.7 per cent of the average number of wage earners employed were re- ported for cities and boroughs having over 10,000 in- habitants. Comparisons of the 1914 figures for the municipahties and for the outside districts with those for earlier years are affected by the fact that the num- ber of municipalities has not been the same for any two censuses. This apphes also to the figures for any single group of municipalities, since no group was made up of the same municipahties at different cen- suses. It is true that the group of cities having 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants comprised the same munber of cities in 1914 as in 1910, but it did not contain the same cities, since Norwalk entered this group and Hartford passed out of it between the two censuses. There were in the state in 1900 only 12 cities and bor- oughs having more than 10,000 inhabitants; in 1910 there were 15, Middle town, Torrington, and Wilhman- tic having been added to the list for that year; and in 1914, with the addition of Bristol and Norwalk, the number was increased to 17. The population figures for 1914 are census estimates. The cities and boroughs having between 10,000 and 25,000 inhabitants in 1914 were Ansonia, Bristol, Dan- bury, Middletown, Naugatuck, New London, Nor- wich, Torrington, and WHlunantic; those having between 25,000 and 100,000 inhabitants were Meriden, New Britain, Norwalk, Stamford, and Waterbury; and those having nacre than 100,000 inhabitants were Bridgeport, Hartford, and New Haven. Of the total value of products manufactured in the state in 1914, 17 per cent was reported for the nine cities and boroughs having from 10,000 to 25,000 in- babitants, 20.6 per cent for the five cities with 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants, and 34 per cent for the three cities having 100,000 inhabitants and over. The per- centages which the population of these groups formed of the total for the state in that year were 12.6, 18, and 30.5, respectively. The outside districts, with 38.9 per cent of the population in 1914, reported only 28.4 per cent of the value of products. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 17 cities and boroughs having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average niunber of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13-. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of prod- ucts. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabit- ants in those years. Table 13 ClIY. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PR®DUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Bridgeport 30,042 24,993 20, 189 17,137 14,320 4,312 8,166 4,974 5,723 6,304 3,539 3,507 4,963 4,074 4,180 2,389 2,154 26,775 123,497 20, 170 14,627 13,513 4,127 7,845 4;488 3,984 4,810 3,464 3,020 19,492 21,437 15,406 11,221 10,073 3,394 7,281 "3,'34i' 4,516 3,628 $85,126,193 57,751,729 60,659,162 42,831,350 23,227,004 21,493,441 16,746,924 14,314,822 12,963,860 10,601,841 9,574,602 9,564,200 9,009,401 8,470,767 7,898,287 5,642,667 4,940,004 $65,608,806 60,869,997 50,349,816 40,679,598 22,021,241 20,088,269 16,316,918 12,549,872 8,739,544 10,317,875 11,032,836 6,733,185 $44,586,619 39,666,118 32 367,369 Waterbury Hartford 25,973,651 New Britain 14,959,543 19,132,455 13,763,548 Meriden Torrington Stamford 5 890 416 8,065,662 11,009,573 Naugatuck Willimantic Norwicli 14,101 3,706 8,378,947 6,022,391 Bristol 2,434 2,225 "2," 554' 4,954,799 4,483,239 New London 4,709,628 I Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data o'nly for those establishments located within the cor- porate limits of the city. For every city and borough for which comparative - - - figures aregiven for the three years, with the excep- Digitized by Microsoft^ MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 181 tion of Naugatuck, an increase in value of products is shown for both the ten-year period 1904-1914 and the five-year period 1909-1914. The greatest abso- lute increase from 1909 to 1914— $19,517,387— was made by Bridgeport, and was due in part to the in- creased production of phonographs and graphophones, silk goods, and brass castings. The greatest relative gain — 48.3 per cent — is shown for Stamford, and is accounted for in part by increased activity in the manufacture of upholstering materials, chocolate and cocoa products, and hardware. The decrease in Nau- gatuck — -$1,458,234, or 13.2 per cent — is due ia part to a lessened production of rubber boots and shoes. Bridgeport, the foremost city in the state in manu- factures, shows an increase for the five-year period 1909-1914 of 29.7 per cent in value of products and 16.6 per cent in average number of wage earners. In value of products Bridgeport ranked twenty-ninth among the cities of the United States ia 1914 — a marked gain as compared with its rank of thirty-third in 1909 and of thirty-fifth ia 1904. In average num- ber of wage earners it ranked twenty-third in 1914, and in value added by manufacture, twenty-fifth. In 1914 the foimdries and machine shops of this city turned out products valued at $10,288,080, or 15.4 per cent of the correspondiag total for the state ; the output of its corset factories was $7,639,753, or 59.1 per cent of the total for the state; and its establish- ments engaged ia the manufacture of electrical ma- chinery, apparatus, and supplies made products val- ued at $4,284,412, or 29.9 per cent of the total for the state. Other tadustries of importance in Bridgeport, but for which no figures can be given without dis- closing the operations of individual establishments, are the manufacture of automobiles, of brass goods, of phonographs and graphophones, of silk goods, of sew- iag machines, and the reducing and refiniag of gold and silver. One of the most promiaent industries, for which also no figures can be given without disclosing the operations of iadividual establishments, is the manufacture of ammunition, the output of which increased rapidly toward the close of the census year. New Haven is second ia importance among the cities of the state, as measured by value of manufactured products. For this city the increases from 1909 to 1914 ia value of products and in average number of wage earners were 13.5 per cent and 6.4 per cent, re- spectively. New Haven is especially promiaent in the manufactTire of firearms and ammunition and of clocks, but figures can not be given for these iadus- tries without disclosiag the operations of iadividual estabhshments. In the manufacture of rubber boots and shoes, paper boxes and cartons, of corsets, of hard- ware, and of wire, and in slaughteriag and meat pack- ing, it also occupies an important position, but no fig- ures can be shown separately for these industries. Of the total value of foimdry and machiae-shop products Digitized by for the state, this city reported 10.5 per cent. Other leading industries for which figures can be given are the manufacture of automobile bodies and parts and of tobacco. Of the state totals for these two industries, New Haven reported 17.1 per cent and 45.5 per cent, respectively. Waterbury ranks third in value of products among the Connecticut cities. The growth of manufacturing in this city during the five-year period 1909-1914 was very sHght, the increases ia value of products and aver- age number of wage earners amounting to only six- tenths of 1 per cent and one-tenth of 1 per cent, re- spectively. The great industry of the city is the man- ufacture of brass, bronze, and copper products. In 1914 the value of products for this industry in Water- bury amoimted to $32,624,187, or 64.4 per cent of the total for all industries in the city, and 20.1 per cent of the total for the industry in the entire United States. Other important industries are the manufacture of watches, of foimdry and machine-shop products, of buttons, of needles, pins, and hooks and eyes, of lamps, and enameling. Hartford, fourth in rank, shows, for the period 1909-1914, increases of 5.3 per cent in value of prod- ucts and 17.2 per cent in average number of wage earners. The value of. products for certain prominent industries, in which Hartford ranks high among the cities of the state — ^particularly the manufacture of typewriters, rubber goods, dental goods, firearms, leather belting, machine screws, and nails and spikes (principally horseshoe nails) — can not be shown sepa- rately without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. Among the industries for which sta- tistics can be given separately are the manufacture of foundry and machine-shop products and electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Of the total value of products for these two industries in the state in 1914, Hartford reported 16.7 per cent and 19.2 per cent, respectively. The closing of a large automobile factory between 1909 and 1914 reduced the value of products of the automobile industry by a very large amount. In New Britain the increases between 1909 and 1914 in value of products and in wage earners amounted to 5.5 per cent and 6 per cent, respectively. The chief industries of this city are the manufacture of hard- ware and of cutlery and tools. The value of the hard- ware made in New Britain in 1914 represented 38.5 per cent of the total value of products for all indus- tries in the city, 31 per cent of the value of the hard- ware manufactured in the state as a whole, and 12.2 per cent of the value of that made in the entire United States. New Britain also reported a large output of wood screws; but figures for the manufacture of these products, as well as of cutlery, can not be given with- out disclosing the operations of individual establish- ments. IVIicrosoft® 182 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Ansonia, although ranking sixth among the cities of Connecticut in 1914, on the basis of value of products, ranked only eleventh on the basis of average number of wage earners. This discrepancy is due to the fact that in the manufacture of brass and bronze products, which contributed four-fifths of the total value of products made in Ansonia in 1914, the cost of raw materials represents an imusually large proportion of the value of the finished products, for which reason the value of products per wage earner is much higher than in most industries. The increases in the value of products and the average number of wage earners for all industries combined in this city, between 1909 and 1914, amounted to 7 per cent and 4.5 per cent, respectively. The value of brass and bronze products made in Ansonia in 1914 constituted 80.8 per cent of the value of products of all industries in the city, 25.1 per cent of the total value of the brass, bronze, and copper products of Connecticut, and 10.7 per cent of the total value of these products manufactured in the United States. The industrial importance of Meriden, which ranks seventh in value of products among the cities of Con- necticut, lies principally in its manufactures of silver- ware and plated ware, of gas and electric fi:xtures, of lamps, and of hardware. The value of silverware and plated ware made in this city in 1914 formed 39.2 per cent of the value of that manufactured in the state and 15.6 per. cent of the value of that reported for the entire United States. Of gas and electric fixtures and of lamps, Meriden reported large percentages of the total products of the state, but the figures can not be shown separately without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. In Torrington, which ranked eighth among the cities and boroughs of the state in value of products in 1914, the chief industry is the rolling of brass and copper. Other important industries are the manu- factiu-e of hardware, of motorcycles, bicycles, and parts, of foundry and machine-shop products, of lumber and timber products, and of sewing and knit- ting machine needles. In Stamford, ranking ninth in 1914, the manufac- ture of hardware, chiefly locks, was the leading indus- try, followed by the manufacture of chocolate and cocoa products and of upholstering materials. Danbury ranked tenth in 1914. The fur-felt hat industry, in which it has long been prominent, re- ported products valued at $7,065,765, or 18.9 per cent of the total for the United States. The manufactm-e of hat and cap materials is also an important industry. Naugatuck, ranking eleventh in 1914, produced principally rubber boots and shoes and other rubber goods. Willimantic, the twelfth city in value of products in 1914, is noted for its thread, cotton-cloth, and silk nulls. The products of these mills represented 91.4 per cent of the entire value of manufactured products reported for the city. In Norwalk the leading industries were the manu- facture of fur-felt hats, corsets, and hardware; in Norwich, the manufactm-e of cotton goods, the dyeing and finishing of textiles, and the manufacture of silk goods and of paper; in Bristol, the manufacture of foundry and machine-shop products, of brass plates, sheets, rods, tubing, and wire, of clocks, and of watch and clock materials; in Middletown, the manufacture of suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods, of fomidry and machine-shop products, of rubber boots and shoes, of cotton goods, and of silk goods; and in New London the principal products were silk goods, foundry and machine-shop products, and house- furnishing goods (mainly bed conaforts). Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statistics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organ- ization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities and boroughs the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 Cen- sus year. NUMBER DF AVERAGE NUMBER Of WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDHSTEY AND CITY. ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- porar tions. All Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- porar tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora^ tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1,965 2,119 1,737 1,584 1,501 1,187 555 631 653 226,264 210,792 181,605 10,967 12,944 14,591 207,417 188,932 155,876 7,880 8,916 11,139 4.8 6.1 8.0 91.7 89.6 86.8 3.5 4.2 6.1 $545,471,617 490,271,695 369,082,091 826,772,163 28,436,161 28,550,567 $498,799,077 441,267,987 314,484,090 $19,900,277 20,567,657 26,047,425 4.9 5.8 7.7 91.4 90.0 85.2 3.6 4.2 7.1 AutomoWles, including bodies and parts. Boxes, fancy and paper 8 3 14 14 18 29 379 360 18 23 26 21 42 43 31 25 2 2 2 3 7 8 57 46 2,223 3,816 2,196 1,849 16,781 16,817 2,014 1,869 D/( 117 165 1400 1406 341 279 1,247 1,194 yitii 2,206 3,760 1,796 1,443 16,386 16,481 605 457 rg^d< ...... 55 57 262 218 0.8 1.4 18.2 22.0 2.0 1.7 61.9 63.9 99.2 98.6 81.8 78.0 97.6 98.0 25.1 24.6 0.4 0.3 13.0 11.7 se1 8,050,692 11,668,228 3,741,735 2,910,697 69,353,103 66,932,969 8,005,138 7,309,817 if® 1 60,538 1 107,691 1506,398 1452,028 952,446 849,884 4,721,605 4,735,935 7,990,154 11,560,537 3,23,5,337 2,468,669 68,258,140 66,948,097 2,098,724 1,749,616 0.8 0.9 13.5 15.5 1.4 1.3 59.0 64.8 99.2 99.1 86.5 84.5 Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. 142,517 134,988 1,184,909 824,266 98.4 0.2 98.5 0.2 26.2 14.8 23.9, 11.3 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 183 Tal)l3 14^-Coiitinaed. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS. Cen- ESTABUSHMENTS OWNED BY— In establishments Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. INDUSTKY AND CITY. sus year. Total. 1 Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora^ tlons. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora^ tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. ■Clothing, men's, including shirts. 1914 1909 11 14 5 6 12 8 1,305 761 74 104 915 573 316 74 5.7 13.8 70.1 76.3 24.2 9.9 $2,828,149 1,362,312 S92,378 214,012 $2,150,264 945,395 $385,607 202,905 3.5 15.7 81.8 69.4 14.7 14.9 1914 1909 7 9 5 6 7 2 1,337 1,382 1634 1718 703 664 47.4 52.0 52.6 48.0 1,696,888 1,715,700 1475,845 1407,062 1,121,043 1,308,638 29.8 23.7 70.2 76.3 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 26 17 30 26 9 6 2,465 2,475 141 221 2,283 2,226 41 28 5.7 8.9 92.6 89.9 1.7 1.1 3,818,012 3,603,706 298,685 279,453 3,431,335 3,263,294 87,992 60,959 7.8 7.8 89.9 90.6 2.3 1.7 1914 1909 4 2 15 10 2 6 7,298 6,643 11,516 11,690 6,782 4,953 20.8 25.4 79.2 74.6 12,935,805 12,814,738 13,030,114 13,381,043 9,905,691 9,433,893 23.4 26.4 76.6 73.6 ^orseLft ,.....- ■Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 8 7 36 38 6 7 16,466 14,360 493 457 14,112 13,536 861 367 3.2 3.2 91.2 94.3 6.6 2.6 30,808,918 24,231,881 1,087,109 1,216,338 27,591,675 22,629,312 2,130,134 487,231 3.5 6.0 89.6 93.0 6.9 2.0 •Cutlery and tools, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 17 23 55 . 52 4 7 7,668 7,547 74 157 7,490 7,342 4 48 1.0 2.1 98.9 97.3 0.1 0.6 11,541,307 10,716,918 128,686 255,121 11,402,107 10,389,137 10,615 72,660 1.1 2.4 98.8 96.9 0.1 0.7 Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. 1914 1909 5 5 38 35 ""i 6,059 3,505 23 122 6,038 3,483 0.5 0.6 99.6 99.4 14,330,156 9,824,373 125,908 149,504 14,204,248 9,774,869 0.9 0.5 99.1 99.5 Tlour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 51 60 18 19 16 29 113 145 54 61 38 46 21 38 47.8 42.1 33.6 31.7 18.6 26.2 1,881,481 2,023,909 696,768 660,072 937,003 916, 101 247,710 457,738 37.0 32.1 49.8 45.3 13.2 22.6 roimdry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 93 108 258 253 39 42 39,369 37,736 735 875 38,278 36,398 358 463 1.9 2.3 97.2 98.5 0.9 1.2 67,009,127 66,636,155 1,441,093 1,912,871 64,681,021 62,504,443 887,013 1,117,841 2.2 2.9 98.5 96.4 1.3 1.7 1914 1909 19 20 33 44 6 16 6,461 6,217 538 248 4,437 3,935 486 1,034 9.9 4.8 81.2 76.4 8.9 19.8 9,475,778 10,399,860 1,063,554 531,682 7,539,623 7,747,795 872,601 2,120,383 11.2 5.1 79.6 74.6 9.2 20.4 1914 1909 1914 1909 5 5 181 267 11 12 51 52 2 2 63 84 539 1 130 409 24.1 75.9 5,029,541 4,426,081 6,966,362 7,845,521 1905,830 1 734 864 4,123,711 3 691 197 18.0 16.6 82.0 83.4 Xumber and timber prod- ucts. 2,366 3,495 794 1,635 1,180 1,249 382 611 33.7 46.8 50.1 35.7 16.2 17.5 1,668,181 2,779,679 4,127,770 3,761,969 1,170,401 1,313,973 23.9 36.4 59.3 47.8 16.8 16.7 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 4 9 37 36 3 6 1,898 1,720 65 188 1,782 1,371 51 161 3.4 10.9 93.9 79.7 2.7 9.4 5,988,797 5,527,334 148,809 406,647 5,702,441 4,630,321 117,647 491,366 2.6 7.3 96.6 83.8 2.0 8.9 Tatent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. 1914 1909 16 24 21 33 6 7 327 237 17 42 306 186 4 9 5.2 17.7 93.6 78.5 1.2 3.8 2,062,727 1,341,567 77,072 188,067 1,956,317 1,093,133 29,338 60,367 3.8 14.0 94.8 81.6 1.4 4.5 Printing and publishing . . . 1914 1909 197 211 115 94 62 58 2,838 2,878 573 768 2,065 1,823 200 287 20.2 26.7 72.8 63.3 7.0 10.0 7,712,615 6,370,450 1,526,305 1,655,722 5,684,774 4,208,438 501,536 506,290 19.8 26.0 73.7 68.1 6.5 7.9 Shipbuilding, including boat buildmg. Silk goods, including throwsters. 1914 24 10 3 514 427 154 460 318 10.6 31.2 89.5 68.8 1,685,293 742, 254 30,591,826 21,062,687 1 111,375 1255,411 1,6,33,023 1,030,767 1,553,918 486,843 6.7 62.0 93.3 48.0 1914 1909 8 8 30 29 6 10 10,668 8,703 605 633 9,855 7,447 208 623 5.7 7.3 92.4 85.6 1.9 7.2 28,637,731 18,922,194 321,071 1, 109, 736 6.3 4.9 93.6 89.8 1.1 5.3 Silverware and plated ware. 1914 1909 1914 1909 2 3 30 27 1 1 6,465 6 223 121 1 31 6,444 6,192 115 110 0.3 6 99.7 99.5 15,238,821 15,836,608 3,149,301 2,738,330 124,485 1 49, 601 1,969,926 1,795,742 15,214,336 15,787,007 180,384 201,834 0.2 0.3 99.8 99.7 'Tobacco manufactures 222 229 8 8 26 28 1,570 1,513 950 1,000 505 403 60.5 66.1 7.3 7.3 32.2 26.6 1,008,991 740,754 62.3 65.6 5.7 7.4 32.0 27.0 Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. 1914 1909 4 9 44 40 5 7 7,350 7,789 475 666 6,548 6,729 327 395 6.5 8.5 89.1 86.4 4.4 5.1 17,128,975 19,363,228 1,131,398 1,484,710 15,387,142 18,906,533 630,437 972,986 6.6 7.7 89.7 87.3 3.7 5.0 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,211 1,025 362 169,966 9,634 144,971 6,361 6.0 90.6 3.4 390,821,254 16,930,833 360,088,336 13,822,086 4.3 92.1 3.5 25 166 55 55 177 13 187 28 48 143 4 52 7 23 60 4,312 30,042 4,180 6,304 17,137 313 918 156 697 1,123 3,987 28,848 3,988 3,938 15,266 12 276 36 669 749 7.3 3.1 3.7 13.1 6.6 92.6 96.0 95.4 74.3 89.0 0.3 0.9 0.9 12.6 4.4 21,499,441 85,128,193 7,898,287 10,801,841 42,831,360 778,637 2,631,305 401,160 1,432,547 2,555,638 20,681,604 81,471,162 7,426,426 7,815,139 37,768,482 39,300 1,023,726 70, 701 1,364,166 2,517,230 3.6 3.1 5.1 13.6 6.0 98.2 95.7 94.0 73.7 88.1 0.2 Bridgeport 1.2 Bristol - - . 0.9 12.8 Eartfokd 6.9 Meriden 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 69 37 11 64 263 38 54 56 56 25 15 45 199 29 36 37 12 10 2 ,11 86 13 17 12 8,166 2,389 3,639 14,320 24,993 2,154 4,963 4,074 301 107 I '35 388 1,499 101 413 330 7,771 2,187 3,504 13,905 21,319 1,881 4,047 3,646 94 96 ■""27 2,175 172 503 98 3.7 4.5 1.0 2.7 6.0 4.7 8.3 8.1 96.2 91.5 99.0 97.1 86.3 87.3 81.6 89.6 1.1 4.0 "b'.2 8.7 8.0 10.1 2.4 16,745,924 5,642,667 9,574,602 23,227,004 57,751,729 4,940,004 9,009,401 8,470,767 839,168 258,805 1126,414 866,781 3,764,005 233,086 869, 163 626,307 15,732,472 5,124,998 9,448,188 22,273,248 49,090,081 4,548,418 7,047,016 7,667,578 174,284 268,864 5.0 4.8 1.3 3.7 6.5 4.7 9.6 7.4 93.9 90.8 98 7 . 95.9 85.0 92.1 78.2 89.3 1.1 MiDDLETOWN 4.6 New Britain 86,977 4,897,643 158,500 1,093,222 276,882 n.4 New Haven 8.5 ,3.2 NORWALK 12.1 -NOR-WICH ,3.3 1914 1914 1914 1914 33 26 77 25 40 16 93 16 10 12 20 11 6,723 4,974 20,189 3,507 309 55 208 2,681 5,221 4,816 19,893 766 193 104 88 70 6.4 1.1 1.0 76.4 91.2 96.8 98.5 21.6 3.4 2.1 0.4 2.0 12,983,860 14,314.822 50,659,162 9,564,200 462,655 206,690 733,066 146,416 11,678,281 13,907,488 49,674,223 8,823,653 822,944 200,644 251, 883 695,131 3.6 1.4 1.4 1.5 90.1 97.2 98.1 92.3 6.3 TORRINGTON 1.4 0.6 WiLLIMANTIC 6,2 1 Includes the group "all others." For all industries combined, 38.6 per cent of the total number of establishments were under corporate ownership in 1914, as against 35.3 per cent in 1909 and 34.1 per cent in 1904. The corporations, however, reported much larger proportions of the total values of products — 91.4 per cent for 1914, 90 per cent for 1909, and 85.2 per cent for 1904. Digitized by Microsoft® 184 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. The only industries in wMch establishments under individual ownership reported a greater value of out- put for 1914 than was reported by the corporations were the manufacture of tobacco and of bread and other bakery products. In the former, 62.3 per cent of the value of products was reported for 1914 by establishments under individual ownership, as com- pared with 65.6 per cent for 1909; and in the latter, 59 per cent was thus reported for the later year, as compared with 64.8 per cent for the earlier year. In the fur-felt hat industry the output of individual organizations doubled between 1909 and 1914, the proportion which the output of these establishments formed of the total for the industry risLag from 5.1 to 11.2 per cent. For the 17 cities and boroughs of the state, taken as a group, more than nine-tenths of the value of products made by manufacturing establishments in 1914 was reported by corporations. In Naugatuck 98.7 per cent of the total value was thus reported; in Waterbury, 98.1 per cent; in Torrington, 97.2 per cent; in Ansonia, 96.2 per cent; in New Britain, 95.9 per cent; and in Bridgeport, 95.7 per cent. The small- est proportion for this form of ownership — 73.7 per cent — appears for Danbury. The only other cities in which the corporations reported less than 90 per cent of the total value of products were Norwalk, New Haven, Hartford, and Norwich. Size of establislmients. — ^The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Table 15 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBEK or ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBEK OF WAGE EAKNEP.S. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,104 4,251 3,477 226, 264 210,792 181, 605 $545,471,617 $490,271,695 $369,082,091 $258,960,631 $233,012,302 $177,780,210 Less than $6 000 . . . 1,248 1,232 861 657 106 1,312 1,296 909 641 93 932 1,099 827 554 65 1,213 6,808 18,679 94,257 106,407 1,629 6,614 19,981 87,295 96,373 1,338 5,981 19,838 88,202 66,246 2,979,306 12,786,086 39,487,980 210,068,442 280,149,703 3,047,313 13,621,192 40,437,942 191,603,190 241,562,068 2,297,644 11,676,232 37,466,372 159,950,425 157,691,418 1,898,141 7,108,153 20,696,093 104,810,249 122,447,995 1,986,061 7,709,840 21,893,012 97,294,219 104,129,170 1,459,806 6,871,487 20,753,487 82,214,624 66,480,806 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1, 000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEK CENT DISTEIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5 000. . . 30.4 30.0 21.0 16.0 2.6 30.9 30.5 21.4 15.1 2.2 26.8 31.6 23.8 15.9 1.9 0.5 2.6 8.2 41.7 47.0 0.8 3.1 9.5 41.4 46.2 0.7 3.3 10.9 48.6 36.5 0.5 2.3 7.2 38.6 51.4 0.6 2.8 8.2 39.1 49.3 0.6 3.2 10.2 43.3 42.7 0.7 2.8 8.1 40.8 47.6 0.9 3.3 9.4 41.8 44.7 8 $5,000 to $20,000 3.9 $20,000 to $100,000 11 7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 46.2 37.4 For 1914, 763 estabhshments, or 18.6 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 734, or 17.3 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 619, or 17.8 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments re- ported 88.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 89.9 per cent of the total value of products, and 88.4 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. The small establishments — those having products valued at less than $5,000 in 1914 — ^represented 30.4 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, but reported only five-tenths of 1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and the value of products, and seven-tenths of 1 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Table 16 gives, for 1904 and 1909, for 11 of the more important industries, a classification of estabhsh- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture similar to that presented in- Table 15 for all industries combined. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over. Bread and other bak- ery PRODUCTS Less than $5,000.. $6,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over. 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 1D1^itized by Micro'^ft®''"^^"'''°'^-'^'''''^'^''" MANUFACTURES —CONNECTICUT. 185 raT>le 16— Continued. INDUSTRY ANB VALUE OF PEODUCT. Cotton goods, includ- ing -COTTON SMALL WAKES Cess than $20.0001 BO.OOOtotlOO.OOO ilOO.OOO to 11,000,000 a,000,000 and over CUTLEET AND TOOLS, NOT ELSEWHEEE SPECIFIED. [iess than $5,000 15,000 to $20,000 120,000 to $100,000. 1100,000 and over 2 Electeical machineey, apparatus, and sup- PLIES I/ess than $5,000 ;6,000 to $20,000 120,000 to $100,000. 1100,000 to $1,000,000 1,000,000 and over FOUNDEY AND MACHINE- SHOP PEODUCTS l/essthan $5,000 15,000 to $20,000 20,000 tollOO.OOO 100,000 to$l,000,000 1,000,000 and over Hats, fue-felt ^ss than $5,000 5,000 to $20,000 20,000 to $100,000 100,000 and over Lumber and timber products .«s.s than $5,000 5,000 to $20,000 20,000 to $100,000. 100,000 and"over PETNTING AND PUBLISH- ING jess than $5,000 5,000 to $20,000 20,000 to $100,000 100,000 and over Silk goods, including theowstees iess than $20,000i 20,000 to $100,000 100,000 to $1,000,000 1,000,000 and over SiLVEEWAEE AND PLATED WAKE 5,000 to $20,000. 20,000 to $100,000. 100 000 to $1,000,000 1,000,000 and over NUMBEE OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 50 7 16 2 26 295 117 116 49 2 13 364 169 107 70 2 18 33 1909 403 Per cent dis- tributioD. 1914 1909 100.0 10.0 12.0 66.0 12.0 100.0 9.3 20.9 14.0 48.8 7.0 100.0 16.6 24.5 29.4 26.0 3.6 80 100. 393 15.5 12.1 27.6 44.8 100.0 39.7 39.3 16.6 4.4 100.0 46.4 29.4 19.2 4.9 20.4 20.5 20.5 100.0 12.1 21.2 54.5 12.1 100.0 5.8 21.2 65.4 7.7 100.0 19.5 23.2 29.3 28.0 100.0 12.2 24.4 14.6 48.8 100.0 15.9 24.8 30.5 25.3 3.5 100.0 13.8 11.2 30.0 45.0 100.0 45.0 33.3 19.1 2.5 100.0 52.1 27.0 17.9 3.0 100.0 17.0 34.0 36.2 12.8 100.0 16.1 19.4 48.4 16.1 AVERAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEKS. 1914 15,466 22 177 8,615 6,652 7,568 34 110 814 6,610 5,059 6 42 138 3,509 1,364 39, 369 76 572 2,846 16,469 19,406 5,461 10 46 628 4,777 2,356 134 587 875 760 2,838 173 466 1,211 10,668 110 353 2,496 7,709 6,465 36 179 2,955 3,295 1909 14, 360 17 364 7,547 27 143 885 6,492 3,505 50 195 3,251 37, 736 82 585 3,311 15, 500 18, 258 5,217 20 46 592 4,559 3,495 356 960 1,477 702 2,878 230 519 1,344 785 8,703 151 576 2,514 5,462 6,223 33 209 2,560 3,421 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 1.1 65.7 43.0 100.0 0.4 1.5 10.8 87.3 100.0 0.1 0.8 2.7 69.4 27.0 100.0 0.2 1.5 7.2 41.8 49.3 100.0 0.2 0.8 11.5 87.5 100.0 5.7 24.9 37.1 32.3 100.0 6.1 16.4 42.7 34.8 100.0 1.0 3.3 23.4 72.3 100.0 0.6 2.8 45.7 51.0 100.0 0.1 62.5 34.9 100.0 0.4 1.9 11.7 86.0 100.0 0.3 1.4 5.6 92.8 100.0 0.2 1.6 41.1 48.4 100.0 0.4 0.9 11.3 87.4 100.0 10.2 27.6 42.3 20.1 100.0 8.0 18.0 46.7 27.3 100.0 1.7 6.6 28.9 62.8 100.0 0.5 3.4 41.1 55.0 $30,808,918 VALUE OP PEODUCTS. 1914 24,546 362,279 14,852,456 15,569,637 11,541,307 49,340 172,610 1,059,293 10,260,064 14,330,156 9,858 109, 696 340, 774 9,785,952 4,083,876 67,009,127 164,473 1,057,731 5,647,737 30,505,705 29,733,481 9,475,778 13, 960 68, 587 855, 246 8,637,986 6,966,352 251, 362 1,204,788 2,092,336 3,417,866 7,712,615 408,648 981,061 3,093,429 3,229,487 30, 691, 825 77,879 461, 729 6,994,209 23,068,008 15,238,821 38,442 314,419 6,659,693 8,226,367 1909 $24,231,881 21, 228 686,736 14,132,362 9,492,565 10,716,918 36, 522 177, 616 1,204,084 9,298,796 9,824,373 14, 886 132,232 370,003 9,307,252 65, 515, 156 10,399,860 36,917 99, 846 1,128,473 9,134,624 7,845,521 394,592 1,460,627 2,960,043 3,030,359 6,370,450 3,034,083 1,967,536 21,062,687 788,698 6,276,262 13,929,328 16,836,608 37,209 275,313 5,358,479 10,165,607 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 1.2 48.2 60.5 100.0 0.4 1.5 9.2 100.0 0.1 0.8 2.4 68.3 28.5 100.0 100.0 0.2 0.7 9.0 90.1 100.0 17.3 30.0 49.1 100.0 6.3 12.7 40.1 41.9 100.0 0.2 1.5 75.4 100.0 0.2 -2.1 43.7 64.0 100.0 0.1 2.4 58.3 39.2 100.0 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 0.3 1.7 11.2 100.0 0.2 1.3 94.7 100.0 0.2 1.6 9.4 45.4 43.3 100.0 0.4 1.0 10.9 87.8 100.0 5.0 18.6 37.7 38.6 100.0 6.8 14.7 47.6 30.9 100.0 0.3 3.7 29.8 66.1 100.0 0.2 1.7 33.8 64.2 1914 $13,474,040 14,069 146,103 5, 969, 194 7,344,684 7,573,168 1909 $12,272,159 37, 733 126, 795 731, 288 6,677,342 6,: 4,333 64, 740 161, 153 4,834,604 1,829,196 41,858,169 116,689 692, 931 3,270,217 18,162,406 19,616,027 4,842,604 6,799 33, 723 347, 743 4,454,239 3,200,903 175,017 755,416 1,095,679 1,174,791 5,517,400 325,901 708,988 2,247,690 2,234,821 12,185,573 56,795 241,706 2,393.808 9,493,264 7,857,204 21, 145 191, 758 -3,482,811 4,161,490 8,879 242, 105 6, 787, 837 5,233,338 7,406,943 27, 538 114,387 811, 859 6,453,159 4,613,069 7,645 64,523 236, 000 4,304,901 40,715,099 119, 125 697, 573 3,847,650 18,008,882 18,041,869 6,650,877 18, 968 46,769 682,476 4,902,684 3, 927, 063 284, 174 967,651 1,637,868 1,037,370 4,601,233 330,907 709,967 2, 197, 071 1, 363, 298 9,228,342 62,169 409,374 2,605,388 6, 151, 411 8,604,607 17, 703 157,079 3,330,662 5,099,163 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 1.1 44.3 54.5 100.0 0.1 2.0 55.3 42.0 100.0 0.5 1.7 9.7 88.2 100.0 0.1 0.9 2.3 70.1 26.5 100.0 0.4 1.5 11.0 87.1 0.2 1.4 6.1 93.3 100.0 0.3 1.6 7.8 43.4 46.9 100.0 0.1 0.7 7.2 92.0 100.0 5.5 23.6 34.2 36.7 100.0 5.9 12.9 40.7 40.6 100.0 0.6 2.0 19.6 77.9 100.0 0.3 2.4 44.3 63.0 0.3 1.7 9.5 44.2 44.3 100.0 0.3 0.8 10.5 88.3 100.0 7.2 24.6 41.7 26.4 100.0 7.2 15.4 47.7 29.6 100.0 0.7 4.4 28.2 66.7- 100. 0.2 1.8 38.7 59.3 1 Includes the group "less than $6,000." In 7 of the 11 industries covered by this table, ncreases appear ia the number of estabhshments for he period 1909-1914, for the most part among the hree groups of estabhshments with products valued it less than $100,000. In all but two of the industries having products 'alued at $100,000 and over, increases are shown in "alue of products, the two industries showing decreases a this respect being fur-felt hats and silverware and 2 Includes the group "$1,000,030 and over." plated ware. In this class of establishments, lumber and timber products and printing and pubhshiag show the largest increases since 1909 in the proportion of the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 17 cities and boroughs having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 186 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 17 si WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANXTFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. o § ll WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Ansonia 42 4,312 100.0 $21,499,441 100.0 $4,287,884 100.0 New Brttain— Con. $20,000 to $100,000; $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over New Haven Less than $5,000 23 17 7 538 566 3,367 10,163 24,993 4.0 23.6 71.0 100.0 $1,070,031 5,460,891 16,198,316 57,761,729 4.6 23.5 69.7 100 $648,589 3,324,243 10,695,904 30,434,910 3 7 Less than $5,000 16 14 5 7 405 16 76 135 4,086 30,042 0.4 1.7 3.1 94.8 100.0 44, 145 147,303 233,262 21,074,731 85,126,193 0.2 0.7 1.1 98.0 100.0 26,330 81,518 164,256 4,015,780 40,394,446 0.6 1.9 3.8 93.7 100.0 22.4 S6,000 to S20,000 72.1 $20,000 to 5100,000 $100,000 and over ' 100.0 3RIDGEP0ET 161 167 135 66 9 80 144 710 2,683 8,208 13,248 2,154 0.6 2.8 10.7 32.8 63.0 100.0 390, 119 1,750,525 6,005,418 18,834,003 30,771,664 4,940,004 0.6 3.0 10.4 32.6 63.3 100.0 266,480 988,644 3,165,564 10,835,010 15,179,212 2,109,093 0.9 3.2 Less than $5,000 100 118 89 82 16 90 87 625 1,676 9,426 18,328 4,180 0.3 1.7 6.6 31.4 61.0 100.0 244,355 1,242,561 4,053,308 23,168,992 56,416,977 7,898,287 0.3 1.4 4.8 27.2 66.3 100.0 148,205 736,535 2,069,683 12,347,675 25,092,348 3,991,811 0.4 1.8 5.1 30.6 62.1 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over New London Less than $5,000. 10.4 $5,000 to $20,000 36.6 $20,000 to $100,000 SIOO.OOO to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 49.9 100.0 Bristol 25 29 13 13 107 31 127 389 1,607 4,963 1.4 5.9 18.1 74.6 100.0 67,006 278,954 638, 245 3,966,799 9,009,401 1.2 5.6 12.9 80.3 100,. 37,625 148,931 397,076 1,525,461 4,690,102 1.8 $5 000 to S90 oon 7.1 Less than $5,000 36 29 13 13 126 22 89 294 3,776 6,304 0.5 2.1 7.1 90.3 100.0 86,779 267, 964 492,591 7,050,953 10,601,841 1.1 3.4 6.2 89.3 100.0 62,064 123,691 299,447 3,516,709 4,788,200 1.3 3.1 7.5 88.1 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i NORWALK 18.8 $6,000 to $20,000 72.3 $20,000 to $100,000 8100,000 and over i 100.0 Danbury Less than $5,000 26 35 27 19 106 29 153 702 4,079 4,074 0.6 3.1 14.1 82.2 100.0 65,058 299,092 1,314,030 7,341,221 8,470,767 0.6 3.3 14.6 81.5 100.0 36,617 158,609 683,179 3,811,897 3,965,269 0.8 $5,000 to $20 000 3.4 Less than $5,000 33 31 35 27 380 48 136 875 4,245 17,137 0.9 2.6 16.6 80.0 100.0 83, 370 288,578 1,666,068 8,564,825 42,831,350 0.8 2.7 16.7 80.8 100.0 63,497 158, 294 769,008 3, 807, 401 26,187,495 1.1 3.3 16.1 79.5 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Norwich 14.5 $5,000 to $20,000 81.3 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over i 100.0 Less than $5,000 Haetford 36 31 22 16 83 44 166 436 3,428 5,723 1.1 4.1 10.7 84.1 100.0 103,488 282, 193 1,080,184 7,004,902 12,963,860 1.2 3.3 12.8 82.7 100.0 66, 727 160,388 643,389 3, 194, 766 6,690,316 1.7 $6,000 to $20 000 4.0 Less than $6,000 98 118 94 63 7 127 75 573 1,931 6,963 7,595 8,166 0.4 3.3 11.3 40.6 44.3 100.0 228,043 1,254,022 4,387,866 19,643,713 17,317,716 16,745,924 0.6 2.9 10.3 45.9 40.4 100.0 162,173 777,885 2,389,176 10,807,848 11,050,413 9,710,623 0.6 3.1 9.5 42.9 43.9 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000...!.... $100,000 and over ' Stamford 13.7 $5,000 to $20,000 80.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 100.0 $1,000,000 and over Less than $5,000 22 20 23 15 3 54 21 121 640 1,252 3,689 4,974 0.4 2.1 11.2 21.9 64.4 100.0 54,970 202, 213 1, 071, 948 4,061,096 7,683,633 14,314,822 0.4 1.6 8.3 31.2 58.6 100.0 32,052 119,490 690,410 1, 735, 178 4,113,186 5,150,216 0.5 Meeiden $5,000 to $20,000 . 1.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over TORRINGTON Less than $5,000 9.0 Less than $5,000 36 40 23 24 4 72 38 216 430 4,238 3,246 2,389 0.5 2.6 6.3 51.9 39.7 100.0 98,928 405,613 1,061,636 7,784,721 - 7,405,126 5,642,667 0.6 2.4 6.3 46.5 44.2 100.0 57,370 234,187 660,477 4,845,205 3,913,284 2,384,765 0.6 2.4 6.8 49.9 40.3 100.0 26.3 $5,000 to $20,000 62.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 100.0 18 19 6 11 190 16 76 63 4,830 20,189 0.3 1.6 1.1 97.1 100.0 40,467 191,954 207,080 13,876,321 50,659,162 0.3 1.3 1.5 96.9 100.0 22,487 88,004 102,566 4,937,159 19,041,448 0.4 Middle TOWN $5,000 to $20,000 . . .. 1.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' WATERBtJRY Less than $5,000 2.0 Less than $6,000 26 19 18 10 28 10 73 299 2,007 3,539 0.4 3.1 12.5 84.0 100.0 54,026 185,960 795,763 4,606,918 9,574,602 1.0 3.3 14.1 81.6 100.0 34,533 119,613 465,656 1,765,064 4,623,306 1.5 5.0 19.5 74.0 100.0 96.9 ■«,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i 100.0 62 49 40 41 8 61 61 208 641 6,864 12,425 3,507 0.3 1.0 3.2 34.0 61.6 100.0 140,843 607,565 1,826,900 13,881,730 34,302,124 9,564,200 0.3 1.0 3.6 27.4 67.7 100.0 92,243 264,002 886,934 7,257,306 10,540,963 4,979,110 0.5 $5,000 to $20,000 1.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over WlLLIMANTIC Less than $5.000 4 7 Less than $5,000 4 12 6 6 120 2 50 152 3,336 14,320 0.1 ■ 1.4 4.3 94.2 100.0 7,391 168,634 260,832 9,147,745 23,227,004 0.1 1.7 2.7 96.5 100.0 5,917 82,561 127,612 4, 407, 216 14,842,362 0.1 1.8 2.8 95; 3 100.0 38.1 $5,000 to $20,000 65.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i 100.0 20 13 11 7 20 41 268 3,188 0.6 1.2 7.3 90.9 37,407 141,973 492,831 8,891,989 0.4 1.6 5.1 . 93.0 24,243 76,244 266,385 4,612,238 0.5 1 5 37 36 44 180 0.3 1.3 104,804 402, 962 0.6 1.7 64,549 209, 077 0.4 1.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' 5.4 ■36,000 to $20,000 92.6 1 Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over." It is impossible to show for every city the group "$1,000,000 and over" without disclosing the opera- tions of individual estabhshments ; but among the seven cities for which this group is given, the. largest proportion of the total value of products reported for the estabhshments constituting it, 69.7 per cent, ap- pears for New Britain, and the next largest, 67.7 per cent, for Waterbury. The smallest proportion shown is that for Hartford, 40.4 per cent. Table 18 shows the size of the estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 29 of the more impor- tant industries, and for each of the 17 cities and horoughs having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909 similar percent- ages, for aU industries combined, and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Digitized by There were 492 estabhshments, or 12 per cent of the total, in operation in 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. These are small estabhshments in which the work is done for the most part by the pro- prietors or firm members. In some cases a few wage earners were employed for short periods, but the number was so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the estabhshments. The majority of these small establishments were reported in the flour-mill and gristmill, lumber and timber, and job printing industries. Of the 4,104 estabhshments reported for all indus- tries for 1914, 2,539, or 61.9 per cent, employed from 1 to 20 wage earners each, the combined nimiber of wage earners reported by them, 12,889, representing 5.7 per cent of the total for all estabhshments: 624, or IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 187 15.2 per cent, employed from 21 to 100 wage earners each, or an aggregate of 28,925, this number forming 12.8 per cent of the total for all estabhshments. Of the remaining estabhshments, 368, or 9 per cent of all in the state, employed from 101 to 500, aggregating 79,564, or 35.2 per cent of the total, and 81, or 2 per cent, employed more than 500 wage earners, aggre- gating 104,886, or 46.4 per cent. The large estabhshments — those employing more than 1,000 wage earners — ^were engaged in the manu- facture of foundry and machine-shop products; brass, bronze, and copper products; firearms and ammuni- tion ; corsets ; sUk goods ; cotton goods ; typewriters and supphes; clocks and watches; cutlery and tools; silver- ware and plated ware; and automobiles. The highest percentages of wage earners reported by any city or borough, of the total for the state, in estabhshments employing more than 1,000 wage earn- ers, are shown for Bridgeport, 22.8 per cent; New Haven, 16.4 per cent; and Waterbury, 14.7 per cent. Of the wage earners in all estabhshments in any city or borough, Torrington and Ansonia have the highest percentages, 93.9 and 93.5 per cent respect- ively, in establishments employing more than 100 wage earners. 7able 18 INDUSTKY AND CITY. All Industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Clocks and watches, including cases and materials Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products •Corsets ■Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles Tllectrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies J^earms and ammimition Foundry and machine-shop products FumisMng goods, men's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps Sats, tur-Mt - Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel forgmgs Lumber and timber products Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Keedles, pins, and hooks and eyes Paper ana wood pulj) Prmting and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including tlu-owsters Silverware and plated ware Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies w oolen, worsted, and felt goods All other industries Total tor cities ANSONIi. BEroGEPOKT Bkistol DANBtTEY "FTartfobd Mekiden MiDDLETOWN Naugatuck New Britain New Haven New London NOKWALK N OKWICH Stamfokd tokeington Watekbuby WiLLIMANTIC Estab- lish- ments. 4,104 28 42 67 467 15 65 21 50 76 12 43 13 388 17 16 68 25 17 295 19 12 44 364 18 44 7 53 1,539 2,598 42 406 90 126 127 72 28 120 538 80 107 105 83 54 190 51 earners (average number). 226,264 2,223 2,196 16, 781 2,014 6,599 2,466 7,298 15,466 7,568 1,764 5,059 10,863 39,369 3,142 2,391 5,461 2,904 1,573 2,356 2,267 3,068 1,898 2,838 2,485 10, 668 6,465 1,570 4,662 7,350 45,501 159,966 4,312 30,042 4,180 5,304 17, 137 8,166 2,389 3,539 14,320 24,993 2,154 4,963 4,074 5,723 4,974 20, 189 3,507 establishments employing — No wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 92 200 316 1 to 6 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 1,761 5 18 317 . 2 27 1 1 19 1 182 2 161 2 4 1 124 753 1,079 22 162 44 49 143 48 30 10 61 212 44 42 63 27 Wage earners. ,052 10 14 40 762 6 76 2 254 6 9 15 10 10 380 5 401 10 3 270 1,674 2,588 51 405 84 120 355 130 77 24 137 518 101 102 125 51 206 44 ) to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 778 535 26 14 6 15 124 14 22 21 8,837 132 95 758 19 102 87 33 174 40 75 45 1,188 20 38 103 65 27 779 31 31 179 871 83 254 58 3,328 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 404 20 5 1 19 25 8 7 4 10 2 6 135 248 Wage earners. 13, 161 159 602 420 320 75 163 273 113 101 2,312 77 102 286 26 116 595 210 33 611 800 99 219 156 295 44 214 4,325 8,120 91 1,572 109 369 1,390 219 140 155 407 1,558 255 376 333 442 596 108 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 188 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 1 8— Continued. DTOUSTEY AND CITT. All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts , Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and otner bakery products Clocks and watches, including cases and materials.. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Corsets Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Firearms and ammunition Foundry and mach ine-shop products Furnishing goods, men's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps Hats, fur-lelt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel forgmgs ' Lumber and timber products Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials.. Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes Paper and wood pulp Prmting and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including throwsters , Silverware and plated ware Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, and felt goods All other industries Total for cities . Ansonia Bridgepokt. Bristol Danbuey Hartford . . . Meeiden MiDDLETOWN.. Naugatuck... New Britain. New Haven... New London.. NORWALK Norwich Stamford toerington- . Wateebury.. WlLLIM ANTIC. establishments employing — 51 to 100 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 15, 764 304 565 462 130 207 440 165 283 697 58 131 1,899 334 160 870 250 385 452 173 447 616 137 497 188 234 70 659 4,967 9,879 101 to 250 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 261 Wage earners. 39,523 253 188 590 217 397 254 2,065 2,288 2,589 610 6,465 465 108 1,616 1,186 150 675 285 661 150 146 1,520 2,166 517 336 3,649 9,759 251 to 500 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 117 1 109 2,063 189 1,059 1,110 619 136 590 1,616 290 697 57 481 158 611 194 157 25,474 62 22,904 Wage earners. 40,041 283 '2," 135 "'764' 1,130 1,120 4,973 396 1,210 1,097 6,817 688 2,571 1,367 1,035 1,173 290 649 3,281 1,069 2,870 6,124 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lisn- ments. 39 Wage earners. 28,106 695 961 1,331 621 2,966 874 1,323 915 5,117 1,652 1,974 2,331 1,375 524 5,668 29 19,314 Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 493 4,379 889 2,341 3,272 1,575 738 194 545 3,703 433 977 1,378 1,162 405 2,531 459 417 2,906 1,142 1,028 2,625 1,937 310 670 1,386 2,561 943 1,691 1,125 1,283 2,576 304 1 I 719 4 2,826 1 513 861 2,143 827 720 1,614 2,914 1,784 3,594 36 Wage earners. 76,780 1,145 12,088 "4' 664 5,084 4,981 2,828. 9,111 K,317- 5,058; 2,286- '4,'2i2 65,590' 2,401 14,953; 1,10» 6,440' 1,267 1,706 9,450, 10,727 "i.'oeo' 3,361 1,200- 9,648- 2,331 Table 19 industry and city. All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass bronze, and copper prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Clocks and watches, including cases and materials. Copper, tin, and sheet - iron products. Corsets Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER cent of total AVERAGE NUMBER OF wage earners in establishments employing specified number. 0.4 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.5 37.8 34. (1) 0.1 3.1 1.9 (') 0.1 6 to 20 3.9 4.7 3.1 1.0 6.0 4.6 0.6 0.7 37.6 43.1 0.3 1.0 4.1 3.4 1.2 0.6 21 to 60 5.8 6.7 7.2 4, 27.4 37.2 2.5 1.9 15.1 16, 0.8 0.4 13.0 14.7 1.0 1.0 51 to 100 7.0 7.5 13.7 9.3 25.7 18.2 2.8 1. 6.5 7.1 3.1 1.0 17.8 11.0 17.5 18.1 11.4 26.4 S.5 3.7 16.1 14.9 3.6 5.3 601 to 1,000 17.7 15.5 12.7 12.7 12.6 11.6 24.6 45.8 32.2 15.3 12.9 12.4 16.2 31 26.5 6.7 17.6 20.2 13.6 21.9 31.4 Over 1,000 33.9 29.2 51.5 33.0 72.0 61.2 60.7 57.5 69.7 48.6 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cotton goods, includiag cotton small wares. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Dyeing and finishing textiles. . , Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. Firearms and ammunition Foundry and machine - shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. D/g/f/z@€ft^ynM©fag©#®" Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER CENT or TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF' WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. It0 5 (') 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.1 O.S 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 6 to 20 0.2 0.2 2.3 3.0 2.3 2.9 1.6 1.6 0.4 3.0 2.8 0.6 0.1 1.6 1.0 21 to 50 1.1 2.0 3.6 5.5 6.4 7.4 2.0 4.5 5.9 6.0 2.5 2.4 4.3 4.0 51 to 100 1.8 2.4 9.2 10.2 3.3 2.6 9.7 4.8 7.5 10.6 12.0 13.4 17.9 30.2 24 12.9 61.2 56.3 5.6 4.9 16.4 17.6 14.8 28.7 501 to 1,000 32.1 28.1 5.2 9.0 23.9 10.6 10.1 6.7 14.8 15.5 21.9 15.5 Over 1,000' 19.2 18.1 11.5 11.2 75.0 74.7 18.1 16.3 13.0 16.0 49.4 40.1 82.6 91.2 32.2 31. a 37.4 35.9- 83.^ 72. »• 41.4 34.7 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 189 'Table 19— Continued. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTB EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDCSTEY AND CITY. ItoS 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 1.5 2.9 7.6 11.1 10.9 11.8 6.2 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1D14 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.6 3.7 16.1 15.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 ""i.3 14.1 14.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0) 0.1 17.2 20.1 1.9 3.3 2.2 0.4 1.7 9.0 33.1 44.4 1.4 1.5 1.0 0.3 9.4 14.8 30.7 29.7 2.8 0.6 0.8 1.6 1.3 0.6 16.2 22.5 5.2 12.1 0.9 1.2 7.4 38.7 25.3 23.1 9.3 4.8 1.1 15.9 16.9 8.6 4.2 24.5 17.5 19.2 7.2 7.6 8.8 3.1 29.6 38.0 40.8 52.4 'si.'i 6.4 10.2 29.8 31.9 9.3 6.6 34.8 24.3 5.3 11.3 5.9 12.6 14.2 19.7 33.3 22.0 32.9 25.6 47.1 28.8 47.1 41.6 65.8 Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 0.9 2.9 2.9 5.2 9.5 8.7 5.1 7.2 4.4 49.6 45.7 21.4 18.4 15.9 90.3 0.1 3.7 3.8 1.6 0.8 0.2 7.3 7.8 3.8 28.0 39.0 21.2 13.5 10.8 14.3 61. V Iron and steel forgings 12.4 19.2 12.1 16.6 21.2 Total for cities Ansonia 19.4 51.7 26. S 9.4 12.1 41.0 Masical instruments, pianos and 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.3 2.1 1.6 3.2 0.7 1.0 2.1 4.7 2.1 3.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 0.7 3.1 3.7 7.3 6.3 3.4 6.7 2.0 1.3 5.6 6.1 4.3 6.3 3.8 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.1 5.2 2.6 7.0 8.1 2.7 6.9 4.4 2.8 6.2 11.8 7.6 8.2 7.7 "3.0 3.1 2.5 6.9 4.5 20.0 6.5 7.6 5.7 ii 6.5 13.5 12.0 1.4 8.4 3.5 3.0 5.5 11.4 14.6 21.3 44.1 19.1 19.3 30.9 5.5 3.8 14.8 20.1 19.7 33.8 20.3 8.1 12.5 13.1 9.7 9.7 27.3 19.4 15.3 23.7 13.0 18.9 9.7 10.2 43.8 34.1 27.6 16.7 9.4 12.3 65.7 organs, and materials. 26.5 76.0 80.6 49.8 26.3 Needles, pins, and hooks and 6.0 26.2 34.6 20.3 11.3 U.7 37.6 Paper and wood pulp 32.2 40.8 28.2 31.0 4.0 2.7 2.1 4.5 2.4 2.8 18.8 17.3 23.6 18.8 21.7 13.8 5.5 10.5 4.6 6.5 2.9 4.6 14.9 14.5 15.5 MiDDLETOWN Naugatuck 48.2 Printing and publishing 66.0 New Haven 26.1 30.8 18.0 16.5 35.6 55.3 25.2 is.s 8.1 14.6 '48.'6 47.4 33.3 35.4 19.1 42.9 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. NORWALK 1 20.3 19.6 Silk goods, including tlirowsters. 68.7 26.8 12.8 8.7 35.9 17.8 24.1 Silverware and plated ware 47.8 66.5 Tobacco manufactures 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Engines and power. — Table 20 shows for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, tbe number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gener- ating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current) . It also shows separately the num- ber and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting and gives the per cent distribution. Table 30 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 Primary power, total '11,239 7,357 3,535 453,812 400,275 304,204 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,439 2,270 437 732 7,800 7,800 3,930 2,574 460 896 3,427 3,427 3,535 2,331 254 950 m 388,371 303, 799 17,770 66,802 65,441 64,294 1,147 362,217 275,439 12,844 73,934 38,058 33,620 4,438 289,924 219,723 3,393 66,808 14, 280 8,233 6,047 85.6 66.9 3.9 14.7 14.4 14.2 0.2 90.5 68.8 3.2 18.5 9.6 8.4 1.1 95.3 pt:A(\Tn ftTiginps anrl t.nrhinpR 1 72 2 1.1 Water wheels, turbines, and motors 22 4 7 Electric 2 7 other 2 17,376 7,800 9,576 8,536 3,427 .5, 109 176, 009 64,294 111,715 97, 671 33,620 64, 051 34,579 8,233 26,346 38.8 14.2 24.6 100.0 34.4 66.6 Rented 1,521 23 8 ' Figures for horsepower include tor 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. The increase in owned power from 1909 to 1914 is most noticeable for steam engines and turbines, amounting to 28,360 horsepower, or 10.3 per cent. For the 10 years covered by the table the increase is 84,076 horsepower, or 38.3 per cent. The use of electric power, whether rented or generated by the establishments reporting, increased very much more rapidly, the total electric horsepower reported for 1914 being 80.2 per cent greater than that in use in 1909 and more than five times as great as that re- ported for 1904. The proportion which, . rente Digitize y power, almost whoUy electric, in 1914 formed of the total primary power increased from 4.7 per cent in 1904 to 9.5 per cent in 1909 and to 14.4 in 1914. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufacturing is that of the fuel consiimed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries combined in each city and borough. Microsoft® 190 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 21 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). All industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts. . Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Buttons Clocks and watches, including cases and material Corsets Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere speci- fied Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified. . . Firearms and ammunition Foundry and machine-shop products Gas and electric fixtures and lamps Hats, finr-felt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Liquors, malt , Lumber and timber products Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 371,893 1,654,208 873 821 79,797 15,027 103 419 330 9,527 13,898 20 3,074 239 12, 150 50,897 1,273 6,860 61 27,706 3,301 1,779 1,430 1,538 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 9,561 5,341 187,671 2,631 3,585 20,154 8,900 109,137 43,654 56,849 24,686 1,722 66,230 192,260 8,195 26,671 13,087 51,08) 29,083 12,610 12,529 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 3,135 3,249 3,554 1,827 60 1,240 36,752 2,154 560 46 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 471,996 1,515 4 125,653 56 5,968 1,77 29 11,247 1,670 1 6,595 45,831 442 109 102 84 373 26 1,027 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 291,802 10,980 2,102 28,761 8,179 2,783 5,322 1,369 10,687 1,609 16,103 7,964 8,901 36,738 1,318 9,288 2,610 405 328 884 6,174 INDUSTEY AND CITY. Paper and wood pulp Prmting and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters Silverware and plated ware Typewriters and supplies Wirework, including wire rope and cable Woolen, worsted, and felt goods All other industries : Total for cities Ansonia Beidgepoet Bristol Daneury Hartford Meriden MiDDLETOWN Naugatuck New Britain ^- New Haven New London NORWALK ; N OR WICH Stamford toreington WATEREirRY WiLLIMANTIC Anthra- cite (tons, 2.240 lbs.). 10,458 2,719 3,973 2,452 3,039 238 7,038 110,85; 281,775 8,610 68,693 5,744 8,685 20,491 4,403 2,350 7,835 18,019 21 , 437 2,551 9,353 ],756 16,140 5,814 76,210 3,684 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.).. 133,406 3,260 61,604 28,209 8,114 2,666 75,677 448,646 1,134,071 56,487 190,661 23,030 23,571 79,056 42,042 16,100 37,134 93,062 234,156 8,725 24,682 73,347 33,653 31,573 143,848 22,944 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 610 12,012 52,007 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 91 608 6,705 129 254 452 260,701 420,171 16,665 71,782 19,514 7,081 67,604 9,611 4,724 96 15,171 85,117 6,463 704 1,309 17,209 22,119 84,943 2,169 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 19,871 1,925 24,823 19,905 2,937 456 59,214 264,174 12,929 33,551 1,036 11,205 50,943 17,261 1,531 2,38» 16,197 56,114 4,648 6,692 9,440 3,187 8,207 28,748 195 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for which no pro- vision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for eight important industries in Connecticut are here presented and also statistics for power laundries. Textiles. — The number and kinds of the principal machines used in the four groups of textile industries are given in Table 22. Table 33 Cen- sus year. Total. Cotton manufac- tures. Silk goods, includ- ing throw- sters. Wool manu- factures.! Hosiery and knit goods. Producing spindles 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,612,349 1,593,418 1,510,793 35,497 32,785 28,264 2,139 2,501 2,557 461 522 551 13 33 25 1,276,148 1,241. -024 1,150,915 26,721 24,370 20,803 141,712 118,302 106,704 6,536 6,006 4,260 157,337 179,688 166,422 3,240 3,409 3,201 37,152 63,904 86,752 Knitting machines 2,139 2,501 2,557 86 Woolen cards (sets). . 375 408 442 13 33 18 114 109 7 1 Not including spindies, looms, and cards reported by carpet mills. According to the above table, from 1909 to 1914, the number of producing spindles increased 18,931, or 1.2 per cent, and the number of ltr^ms-j.2JU' ■ cent. The number of knitting marines a per 362, or 14.5 per cent, the number of sets of woolen cards, 61, or 11.7 per cent, and the number of wool- combing machines, from 33 to 13. Of the total number of "producing spindles reported for 1914 for these four groups of industries, 1,276,148, or 79.1 per cent, were in cotton mills; 141,712, or 8.8 per cent, in silk mills; 157,337, or 9.8 per cent, in woolen, worsted, and felt mills; and 37,152, or 2.3 per cent, in hosiery and knitting mills. According to the monthly reports made to the Cen- sus Bm-eau by cotton manufacturers, the total number of cotton spindles in the state of Connecticut during the cotton year ended August 31, 1914, was 1,340,482, of which number 1,317,203 were active at some time during the year. Of the manufactures represented, the silk industry shows the largest relative increases in spindles and looms for the five-year period 1909-1914 — 19.8 per cent and 10.6 per cent, respectively. The decrease in value of products of wool manufac- tures and of hosiery and knit goods, between 1909 and 1914, is indicated by the smaller number of producing spindles reported. In wool manufactures they de- creased 22,351, or 12.4 per cent, and in hosiery and knit goods, 16,752, or 31.1 per cent. The number of looms in wool manufactures decreased during the same period by 5 per cent. Cotton manufactures. — The kinds, quantities, and cost of the principal materials used in the manufacture of cotton goods, and the kinds, quantities, and values .liaiQpmcipal products are given in Table 23 for lT,4mJ§; and 1904. MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 191 Table 23 1914 1909 19M MATEEIALS. $17,334,878 - $11,959,722 $10,203,269 Cotton: Domestitt— 52,333,105 $8,018,943 8,394,202 $1,800,646 10,795,133 $4,172,975 225,895 $518,731 1,526,700 $91,030 $83,773 $203,730 $534,616 $1,910,534 $30,808,918 51,664,951 $6,426,319 6,058,409 $1,068,728 3,671,011 $1,430,813 154,757 $450,801 2,224,582 $149,267 $111,368 $225,354 $478,710 $1,629,362 $24,231,881 49,775,004 $6,241,393 3,503,478 $619,173 3,958,978 $1,526,086 184,813 $264,237 1,049,150 66,067 $69,456 $218,977 $354,361 $843,519 $18,425,384 Cost Foreign- Cost Yarns: Cotton- Pounds Other- Cost Cotton waste: Pounds . . . - Cost Starch, cost Chemicals and dyestufls, cost I'uel and rent of power and heat, cost . PRODUCTS. Unbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and muslins: i Square yards . . - . 93,298,425 $6,423,411 33,445,109 $2,911,329 8,409,090 $3,497,879 7,088,464 $7,115,343 11,374,187 $720,299 $10,140,657 93,142,124 $6,820,710 40,827,992 $3,152,078 7,914,873 $2,846,742 5,263,776 $5,199,313 11,315,800 $469,811 $5,743,227 96,892,403 $5,470,154 24,594,276 $1,402,558 6,385,473 «2, 459, 139 Value Twills, sateens, etc.: Value ■ Yams tor sale: Pnnnrtp Value Thread: Pnnnds Value $3,745,906 9,923,878 $466,209 $4,881,418 Cotton waste for sale: Value All other products, value . 1 These fabrics were designated at prior censuses as " plain cloths for printing and converting" and "brown or bleached sheetings or shirtings." The raw cotton, both domestic and foreign, con- sumed in 1914 amounted to 60,727,307 pounds; repre- senting an increase of 3,003,947 pounds, or 4.9 per cent, over the quantity consumed in 1909, and of 7,448,825 pounds, or 14 per cent, over the consumption of 1904. The cost of the cotton in 1914 was $9,819,589, representing an increase of $2,335,542, or 31.2 per cent more than in 1909, and of $2,959,023, or 43.1 per cent more than in 1904. The increase in consumption of foreign cotton is pronounced; of all cotton consumed in 1904 this con- stituted 6.6 per cent, in 1909, 10.5 per cent, and in 1914, 13.8 per cent. The purchased cotton yarns con- sumed increased 7,124,122 pounds, or 194.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914; and ia cost, $2,742,162, or 191.7 per cent. The quantity of the chief product, unbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and muslins, increased 156,301 square yards, or two-tenths of 1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, but the value decreased $397,299, or 5.8 per cent. During the same period the output of twills, sateens, etc., decreased by 7,382,883 square yards, or 18.1 per cent, in quantity and $240,749, or 7.6 per cent, in value; the figures for 1914, however, show increases over those for 1904, amounting to 8,850,833 square yards, or 36 per cent, .in. quantity and to $1,508,771, or more than dou0^iftt/^i3£*.Dy The output of thread has increased continually since 1904. The gain during the later semidecade was 1,824,688 pounds, or 34.7 per cent, in quantity and $1,916,030, or 36.9 per cent, in value. For the^ entire decade the gain in quantity was 3,050,103 pounds, or 75.5 per cent, and in value, $3,369,437, or 89.9 per cent. The manufacture of cotton yams for sale has also increased steadily. Silk goods, including throwsters. — Of the 44 estab- lishments in this industry in Connecticut in 1914, a. number were engaged solely in throwing silk for others. The kinds, quantities, and cost of the materials used in the silk mills and the kinds, quantities, and values, of the products are shown in Table 24, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 34 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. Total cost $18,406,252 $11,834,345 $9,098,196 Silk: Raw- 1,875,922 $7,263,562* 1,244.745 $3,340,302 41,121 $206,051 4,976,715 $1,820,566 1,933,192 $1,814,812 (1) $319,489 $3,641,470 $30,591,825 1,624,701 $6,099,209 596,379 $1,425,657 54,619 $238,785 2,439,405 $870,707 832,204 $826,208 $294,025 $214,763 $1,864,991 $21,062,687 1,320.509 Cost $5,067,381 716, 607 $1,609,152 28,844 $144,358 1,380,581 $446,362 120,215 $124,434 $268,675 $129,061 $1,308,773. $15,623,693 Spun— Cost Organzine and tram, purchased Cost Yams: Cotton, including mercerized- Cost Wool, mohair, and other — Pounds. Cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost • PRODUCTS. Machine twist, sewing, embroidery, wash, fringe, and floss silks: Pounds 708,692 $4,472,581 9,177,620 $5,884,845 ■ 20,275,602 $13,571,146 $547,155 $22,048 $135,603 $5,958,447 828,678 $5, 108, 180 11,454,011 $5,890,233 11,912,758 $5,959,175 $1,125,697 $210,427 $293,332 $2,475,643 782,434 $4,573,582 Value Broad silks: Yards $4,037,599 9,048,494 $3,935,014 $1,153,983 $80,393 $230,614 $1,612,508 Velvets and plushes: Yards Value Embroideries, braids and bindings, and fringes and gimps, value Amount received for contract work. . All other products, value 1 Not reported separately. The consumption of raw silk increased between 1909 and 1914, 251,221 pounds, or 15.5 per cent, in quantity and $1,164,353, or 19.1 per cent, in cost. With the exception of organzine and tram, all the other materials reported separately for 1914 show pronounced increases. The consumption of spun silk in 1914 exceeded that in 1909 by 548,366 pounds, or 78.7 per cent, in quantity and by $1,914,645, or 134.3 per cent, in cost. The corresponding increases for cotton (including mercerized) yarns were 2,537,310 pounds, or 104 per cent, and $949,859, or 109.1 per cent; and for yarns of wool, mohair, and other ma- ,terial,_ l,10iL988 pounds, or 132.3 per cent, and 7,/b®L19.7 per cent. 192 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Among the products, there were notable increases in quantity and value of velvets and plushes for the semidecade 1909 to 1914, as weU as for the ten-year period. The output of this product increased dur- ing the five-year period 8,362,844 yards, or 70.2 per cent, in quantity and $7,611,971, or 127.7 per cent, in value. The production of embroideries, braids and bindings, and fringes and gimps decreased in value in a remarkable degree — from $210,427 in 1909 to $22,048 in 1914. There were decreases, however, during the five- year period in the production of broad silks, of ma- chine twist and of the various sewing, embroidery, and other sUks, and of ribbons, and in the amount received for contract work. The output of broad silks decUned 2,226,391 yards, or 19.5 per cent, in quantity and $5,388, or one-tenth of 1 per cent, in value; for machine twist and the sewing-silk group the decrease amounted to 119,986 pounds, or 14.5 per cent, in quantity and to $635,599, or 12.4 per cent, in value; and the output of ribbons decreased in value by $578,542, or 51.4 per cent. In 1914, 122,187 pounds of sUk were thrown on commission, of which 60,483 pounds were thrown into organzine and 61,704 into tram. The corre- sponding figures for 1909 are 290,253, 150,332, and 139,921, respectively. Wool manufactures. — In Table 25 are given the kinds, quantities, and cost of the materials used and the kinds, quantities, and values of the principal products for the wool manufacture for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Four establishments were engaged pri- marily in the manufacture of felt goods in 1914, as compared with three in 1909 and one in 1904; the statistics for these are included in this table. Three establishments were engaged in the production of carpets and rugs, but statistics for these can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. The total cost of materials shows a decline of 16.2 per cent for the period 1909-1914. The consumption of domestic wool decreased 1,160,383 pounds, or 12.8 per cent, in quantity and §981, 654, or 28.3 per cent, in cost; and that of worsted yarns decreased 951,257 pounds, or 18.6 per cent, in quantity and $1,823,319, or 32.4 per cent, in cost. There were slight decreases in the amount of foreign wool and of recovered wool fiber used. The cost of the former, however, increased considerably, while the latter shows a much greater decline in cost than in quantity. Increases are shown for raw cotton, waste and noils, cotton yarns, yarns other than worsted or cotton, chemicals and dyestufis, and "aU other materials." The consumption of raw cotton increased 405,792 pounds, or 72.6 per cent, in quantity and $42,593, or 51.4 per cent, in cost; of purchased cotton yarns, 283,524 pounds, or 23.7 per cent, in quantity and $48,165, or 16.5 per cent, in cost; of purchased yarns other than worsted or cotton, 73,121 pounds, or 111.5 per cent, in quantity and $150,183, or 111.6 per cent, in cost; and of waste and noils, 81,588 pounds, or 4.4 per ceat, in quantity and $50,318, or 10.8 per cent, in cost. Table 25 MATERIALS. Total cost. Wool: roreign (In condition purcliased) — Pounds Cost Domestic (in condition purchased)— Pounds Cost Equivalent in scoured condition, pounds Cotton: Pounds Cost Recovered wool fiber: Pounds Cost Waste and noils of wool, moliair, etc.: Pounds Cost Yams: Worsted- Pounds Cost Cotton — Pounds Cost All otter — ■ Pounds Cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost. Fuel and rent of power, cost . . AU other materials, cost PBODUCTS. Total value All-wool woven goods, whether woolen or worsted: Wool cloths (for men's wear) — Square yards Value Woolen overcoatings and cloakings— ■ Scmareyards VSue Wool dress goods (for women's wear) — Square yards Value All Other- Square yards Value Union or cotton-mixed woven goods: Unions, tweeds, etc. (for men's wear) — Square yards Value All other- Square yards Value Goods woven on cotton warp: Wool-filling fabrics for men's wear — Square yards Value All other- Square yards Value Yams, for sale: Pounds Value Waste and noils, for sale: Pounds Value Amount received for contract work. All other products, value 1911 $10,763,510 1,081,756 1358,064 7,924,204 $2,492,392 6,386,974 964,377 $125,445 1,569,619 $245,792 1,953,136 $516,396 4,161,962 $3,806,284 1,477,480 $339,935 138,694 $284,811 $575,802 $358,682 $1,659,901 $17,128,975 9,538,061 $6,559,163 $5|897)795 1,775,643 $1,054,369 6, .596, 131 $2,341,717 530, 679 $309,997 387,394 $26,369 $68,179 $871,386 1909 $12,838,142 1,088,035 $293,687 9,084,587 $3,474,052 7,045,156 558,585 $82,852 1,593,181 $295,442 1,871,548 $466,078 5,113,219 $5,629,603 1,193,956 ■1291,770 65,573 $134,628 $534,281 $329,872 $1,305,877 $19,363,228 4,371,262 $3,834,073 2,827,661 $2,618,255 1,610,689 9,177,691 $7,748,494 860, 666 $366,593 1,307,818 $739,074 2, 108, 671 $544,445 2,288,745 $710,849 751,185 $675, 155 487,026 $78, 653 $32,848 ' $1,111,983 19011 $10,073,219 934,051 $321,325 11,831,199 $3,523,049 8,205,794 1,504,567 $175,022 2,457,223 $323,976 2,263,438 $517,193 2,558,669 $2,498,109 1,689,876 $387,894 345,239 $300,751 $502,957 $304,732 $1,217,611 $15,483,499 4,318,678 $2,845,913 1,905,798 $1,579,030 4,171,561 $2,086,833 7,981,860 $4,757,890 2,821,517 $1,106,191 1,356,983 $707,374 1,766,051 1591,412 4,138,150 $982,633 413,581 $292,612 213,619 $48,974 $19,186 $465,462 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The total value of products decreased 11.5 per cent between 1909 and 1914. This decrease appears for each class of products, except goods woven on cotton warp and amount received for contract work. In the case of wool cloths for men's wear, woolen overcoatings and cloakings, and wool dress goods for women's wear, taken as a group, however, an increase of 728,449 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 193 square yards, or 8.3 per cent, in quantity is shown in connection with a decrease of $795,971, or 10.8 per cent, in value. The production of " all other " all-wool woven goods decreased 2,693,808 square yards, or 29.4 cent, in quantity and $1,850,699, or 23.9 per cent, in value; and of union or cotton-mixed goods, 392,842 square yards, or 18.1 per cent, in qiiantity and $51,298, or 4.6 per cent, in value. Of goods woven on cotton warp a notable increase is shown — from 4,397,416 square yards, valued at $1,255,294, in 1909 to 6,596,131 square yards, valued at $2,341,717, in 1914— amounting to 50 per cent in quantity and to 86.5 per cent in value. Hosiery and knit goods. — The quantities and cost of the principal materials used and the quantities and values of the products for the hosiery and knit-goods industry are shown in Table 26, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 26 1911 1909 1901 1911 1909 1901 MATERIALS. $2,726,571 $3,048,647 $2,826,014 MATERIALS— continued. $44,865 $53,344 $923,502 $5,221,683 $62,249 $67,643 $636,632 $5,800,692 $67,961 $73,845 1,727,377 $260,565 1,073,441 $141,168 653,936 $109,397 1,090,505 $461,600 188, 585 $93,266 901,920 $368,334 811,613 $309,508 1,273,861 $683, 187 782,518 $275,202 8,820 $5,238 378, 595 $319,910 90,919 $34,946 13,009 $47, 891 1,971,512 $286,488 1,102,924 $146,609 868,688 $139,879 1,019,245 $467,854 251,065 $113,600 768,190 $354,254 2,016,712 $630, 130 2,010,048 $908,551 1,539,828 $463,922 282 $197 416,566 $393,696 46,178 $26,094 7,194 $24,742 2,143,861 $297,614 1,489,447 $171,439 664,414 $126,075 1,985,983 $728,959 307,454 $113,639 1,678,629 $616,320 930,683 $225,964 1,626,818 $739,644 1,221,624 $364,634 ^] 405, 194 $374,910 All other materials, cost $691,224 PRODUCTS. Total value Cost Domestic— $5,371,452 Crvst Hosiery: Foreign- 544,475 $841,912 505,219 $3,659,982 131,988 $486, 518 57,427 $616,905 315,804 $2,456,659 24,858 $366,856 9,152 $104,813 6,220 $101,873 9,486 $160, 170 11,519 $267, 028 $196,905 560,100 $1,109,617 471,708 $3,656,160 113,6053 $475,545 19,516 $239,100 338,589 $2,941,515 42,613 $349,025 29,527 $167,345 10,088 $133,427 2,998 $48', 253 3,912 $113,162 $572,728 672,242 $1,018,327 Wool (in condition purchased): PnnnrlR Shirts and drawers: Dozens 440,731 Cost Value $3,242,297 Foreign- Pnn7i(ip Cotton- Dozens ... 112, 108 Cost Value $411,793 Domestic- Wool— 2 42, 574 Cost Value $462,061 286, 049 Wool waste and noils: Pounds Merino — Dozens - Cost Value $2,368,443 3,462 Yams: Combination suits: Cost Value $43,707 1,832 $27,407 m m $1,067,121 Cotton- Cotton- Cost Value Woolen- Pounds Wool—! Dozens Cost Value Worsted- Pounds Merino- Dozens Cost Merino- Cardigan jackets, sweaters, etc.: Cost Value All other- Cost 1 Not reported separately. ' Includes silk and silk mixed. ' Figures not available. In this textile industry, as in the one preceding, de- creases in total cost of materials and in total value of output are shown for the later five-year period. The consumption of domestic wool, of woolen, merino, and "all other" yarns and of "all other materials" in- creased, however. For domestic wool the increase amounted to 133,730 pounds, or 17.4 per cent, in quantity, and to $14,080, or 4 per cent, in cost; for the three classes of yarns just mentioned, taken to- gether, to 59,094 pounds, or 110.1 per cent, in quantity and to $37,042, or 72.6 per cent, in cost; and for "all other materials," to 45.3 per cent in cost. Although the total value of products is less for 1914 than for 1909, increases are shown in the quantities and values of a number of the specified articles. The output of shirts and drawers increased 33,511 dozens, or 7.1 per cent, in quantity, but decreased $96,178, or 2.6 per cent, in value. For the ten-year period, how- ever, an increase of 64,488 dozens, or 14.6 per cent, in quantity was accompanied by an increase in value of $317,685, or 9.8 per cent. The increases in both quantity and value from 1909 to 1314 ..were inpre marked for wool shirts and drawers HMS/'iOT^CotT 82101°— 18 13 and for merino, which represents more than three- fifths of the total output of shirts and drawers, consid- erable decreases in quantity and value are shown. The output for merino in 1914, however, exceeded that in 1904 by 29,755 dozens, or 10.4 per cent, in quantity and by $88,116, or 3.7 per cent, in value. For combination suits a marked decrease in quan- tity between 1909 and 1914 is accompanied by an in- crease in value; but the output of this class of products in 1914 exceeded that in 1904 by more than sixfold in quantity and by more than sevenfold in value. The production of cardigan jackets, sweaters, etc., increased between 1909 and 1914 by 7,607 dozens, or 194.5 per cent, in quantity and by $143,866, or 127.1 per cent, in value. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. — Table 27 shows the values of the various products of this industry, as reported at the censuses of 19i4, 1909, and 1904. These products include not only those made in establishments engaged primarily in the manu- facture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- ' \0 those reported by estabhshments en- "ily in other industries. 194 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 27 Number of establishments, total . Electrical maehlnery and apparatus industry By-product establisliments Products, total value . Electrical machinery and apparatus industry Subsidiary electrical products ot other industries Insulated wire and cables Sockets, recej)tacles, bases, etc Magneto-ignition apparatus Electric switches, signals, and attachflients. . Fuses Switchboards, panel boards, and cut-out cabinets for light and power Circuit fittings Electric lighting fixtures All other products 1914 46 $15,190,055 14,330,156 6,206,803 1,945,177 1,537,324 1,384,341 298, 949 224,481 185,859 158, 691 3,248,430 1909 56 $10,514,069 9,824,373 689,696 4,205,509 1, 661, 586 240,629 382,447 330, 276 151, 385 171, 941 265,323 3, 104, 973 1904 (') (') 32 $5,530,925 4,939,831 591,094 2,156,369 1,297,287 h m m 397,498 1,679,771 ' Not available. ^Included in "all other products.' Increases are shown for the period 1909-1914 ui the output of all classes of products listed in the table, with the exceptions of fuses and of electric-hghting fixtures. For insulated wire and cables, the leading class of products, the increase in value of output during the five-year period 1909-1914 amounted to $2,001,294, or 47.6 per cent. The production of magneto-ignition apparatus increased $1,296,695, or over fivefold; of electric switches, signals, and attachments, $1,001,894, or nearly three-fold ; and of sockets, receptacles, bases, etc., $283,591, or 17.1 per cent. Hats, fur-felt. — ^Table 28 gives the quantity and cost of materials used and the quantity and value of products in the hatting industry of Connecticut, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 28 1914 1909 1904 MATEKIALS. Total cost $4,633,274 $4,848,983 $3, 953, 693 Hatters' fur: 1,731,569 $1,967,618 90,745 $540,939 $176,501 $170,880 $1,777,366 $9,475,778 1,673,332 $1,909,915 87,117 $491,161 $315,598 $175,076 $1,957,233 $10,399,860 1,385,325 Cost $1,535,579 Fur-felt hat bodies and hats in the rough: 30,783 Cost . . $194,207 $501,640 $162,748 $1,569,519 Fuel and rent of power and heat, cost PRODUCTS. Total value $8,662,799 Fur-felt hats: 515,986 $7,685,947 267, 178 $1,741,885 $25, 646 $122,300 530,558 $7,858,882 335,947 $2,407,044 1123,273 $10, 661 600,312 Value $8,198,376 63,676 $396,056 $50,612 $17, 755 Fur-felt hat bodies and hats in the rough, lor sale: Dozens Amount received for contract work All other products, value The leading material used in the hat industry is hatters' fur. The cost of this in 1914 formed 42.5 per cent of the cost of all materials, as compared with 39.4 per cent in 1909 and 38.8 per cent in 1904. A marked decrease in the outlay for chemicals and dyestuffs took place from census to census. The cost of "all other materials" decreased between 1909 and 1914, although the amount spent for these in the later year was Digitized by greater than in 1904. The output, with the exception of "all other products," decreased in both quantity and value between 1909 and 1914, but the production of hat bodies and hats in the rough was much greater in 1914 than in 1904. Printing and publishing. — Table 29 shows the num- ber of pubhcations and aggregate circulation per issue of the leading classes in the state for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 29 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes NUMBER or PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 36 36 5 111 AGGREGATE CrBCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 611,685 275,773 100, 581 16, 213 149, 618 35, 500 34,000 1909 539,765 258,543 86,261 23,612 134,849 28,650 7,850 1904 506,791 229,357 59,095 27,560 165,479 46,950 38,350 > Includes one triweekly publication. The decrease in the number of publications during the five-year period 1909-1914 is well distributed throughout the different issues, with the exception that the monthly publications gained one. The circu- lation, however, increased for all classes except the semiweeklies. The total increase from 1909 to 1914 was 71,920, or 13.3 per cent; and for the 10 years, 44,894, or 7.9 per cent. The circulation of the dailies increased 17,230, or 6.7 per cent, during the semidec- ade 1909-1914 and 46,416, or 20.2 per cent, during the 10 years, while that of the Sunday newspapers in- creased during the same periods 14,320, or 16.6 per cent, and 41,486, or 70.2 per cent, respectively. The circulation of the dailies constituted 45.1 per cent of the total circulation per issue of all publica- tions in 1914, that of the weeklies, 24.5 per cent, and that of the Sunday papers, 16.4 per cent. The corre- sponding proportions in 1909 were 47.9 per cent, 25 per cent, and 16 per cent, respectively. The circulation of evening newspapers increased from 186,601 in 1909 to 202,161 in 1914 and that of the morning papers from 71,942 to 73,612. The publications printed in foreign languages comprised 1 daily in Italian; 11 weeklies, 8 of which were in Itahan, 2 in German, and 1 in Polish; and 1 semiweekly and 1 monthly, both ia German. Paper and wood pulp. — Table 30 shows the quan- tities and values of the principal products of this indus- try, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The output of paper boards, which form the pria- cipal product of the industry, increased between 1909 and 1914 by 35,812 tons, or 54.6 per cent, in quantity, and by $1,111,585, or 46.6 per cent, in value. "All other paper products," which include chiefly news paper, tag stock, blotting paper, card and bristol boards, and building paper, also show a decided increase as compared with previous censuses, due IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 195 largely to the growth in the output of news paper, tag stock, and blotting paper. The various other products show decreases. Table 30 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $5,968,797 $5,527,334 $5,039,147 Book paper: 2,479 $321,942 2,524 $495,420 3,877 $204,307 101,379 $3,498,530 1,791 $370,077 16,116 $946,275 S132, 186 3,180 $399,856 2,896 $559,954 6,316 $538,830 65,567 $2,380,945 2,041 $438,097 12,224 $750,683 $452,969 4,425 Value $517,562 Writing and other fine paper: Tons.. 6,439 $864,055 7,056 Wrapping paper: Value... ^ Boards: Tons.. $502,544 64,610 $2,354,063 2,169 Tissue: Tons Value $406,075 4,950 All otter paper products: Tons . $357,442 $36,810 The yearly capacity of the paper-making machinery of the state was 187,261 tons in 1914, 127,025 tons in 1909, and 110,121 tons in 1904. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 31, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Connecticut for 1914 and 1909. Table 31 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid Jor contract work Rent and taxes Cost ot materials Amount received tor work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or Amount. 1914 127 2,184 125 140 1,913 3,178 $1,454,961 1,055,951 161, 660 894,291 1,084 59,721 408,401 2,108,011 1909 95 1,638 101 96 1,441 1,852 $870, 567 684,373 99, 535 584,838 36,664 246,066 1,416,122 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 33.3 23.8 32.8 71.6 67.1 54.3 62.4 52.9 63.3 66.0 48.9 I Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. The amount received for work done increased $691,889, or 48.9 per cent, between 1909 and 1914. The rank of Connecticut among the states in this industry, as measured by amount received for work done, was nineteenth in 1914 ; it was twentieth in 1909. In 1914, 76 of the establishments were owned by indi- viduals, 28 by corporations, and the remaining 23 were imder other forms of organization. The corpo- ration-owned laundries did the largest amount of busi- ness in 1914, their receipts for work done amounting to $948,073, or 45 per cent of the total, as against $545,113, or 38.5 per cent, in 1909. Establishments owned by individuals did work valued at $832,704, or 39.5 per cent of the total, in 1914, and $616,449, or Digitized by 43.5 per cent, in 1909; and the receipts for establish- ments under "all other" forms of ownership amounted to $327,234, or 15.5 per cent of the total, in 1914 and to $254,560, or 18 per cent, in 1909. Table 32 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number reported in any month of the same year. Table SZ WAGE EABNEES. MONTH. Number. Per cent ol maxi- mum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1,875 1,874 1,881 1,859 1,945 1,961 1,962 1,900 1,951 1,910 1,880 1,885 1,350 1,342 1,343 1,303 1,399 1,497 1,564 1,547 1,503 1,485 1,451 1,451 95.4 95.3 95.7 94.6 98.9 99.7 99.8 100.0 99.2 97.5 95.9 95.9 86.3 •85.8 March. . 85. 9 April 87.1 May . 89.4 June 95.7 July 100.0 August 98.9 96.1 October 94.9 92.8 December... •92.8 Table 33 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 33 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. KIKD. MOTORS. Amotmt. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 ot in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 181 106 3,178 1,852 71.6 Owned— Steam engines and turbines 2. Rented 112 69 69 85 21 21 2,913 265 220 45 1,695 157 135 22 71.9 68.8 Electric 63.0 Other Electric power, total 128 69 59 49 21 28 393 220 173 2,96 135 121 53.6 Rented 63.0 Generated by estabUshments reporting 43.0 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 2 Figures for horsepower include, for 1909, the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. Table 34 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 34 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,! 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs do 6,027 18,318 344 41 6,479 3,492 10,448 11 101 12,249 72 6 Coke -59.4 -47.1 Gas ".". 1,000 cubic feet ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. IVIicrosoft® 196 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. GENERAL TABLES. Table 35 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of -wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 36 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations; and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data is given for aU industries combined. Talle 35.— comparative SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value, of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. AU industries.. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepara- tions. Boots and shoes Boxes, fancy and paper.. . Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Butter and cheese. Buttons. Carriages and wagons and materials. clocks and watches, in- cluding cases and mate- rials. Clothing, men's, including shirts. Clothing, women's.. Confectionery. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cordage and twine, nets and seines, and linen goods. Corsets Cotton goods, including ing cotton small wares. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,104 4,251 3,477 »7 19 12 4 9 10 12 42 38 37 67 80 2 64 467 431 327 24 30 Ml 18 20 11 84 92 109 15 16 13 28 28 22 19 17 17 27 22 365 48 43 13 8 15 21 17 13 150 50 52 226, 264 210, 792 181, 605 2,223 3,815 1,065 173 25 2 567 520 2,196 1,849 2,032 16, 781 16, 817 15, 382 2,014 1,869 1,751 63 105 95 1,063 1,057 1,044 452 578 1,507 6,599 5,851 5,765 1,305 751 952 1,337 1,382 227 233 222 2,465 2,475 2,169 377 286 202 7,298 6,643 4,412 15, 466 14, 360 13, 111 453, 812 $125, 220 400,275 110,119 304,204 87,943 3,656 3,937 1,283 453 227 235 253 1,665 1,306 1,149 57,033 50, 034 38, 915 1,316 658 557 197 231 1,673 831 945 957 5,265 4,273 3,699 494 418 168 461 301 204 2,650 1,526 1,504 1,350 1,134 910 2,970 1,666 1,507 65, 629 58, 137 47, 950 $288,511 257, 259 191, 302 1,696 2,878 784 75 11 1 252 226 209 1,076 748 764 9,846 9,667 8,196 1,403 1,222 1,019 43 52 57 492 465 410 311 372 767 3,574 3,030 2,939 548 304 344 465 415 246 109 82 82 1,156 1,049 911 127 85 56 2,797 2,620 1,418 6,982 5,666 4,653 S545, 472 490,272 3,769 4,856 1,163 436 62 12 1,338 1,088 1,819 1,386 1,432 53,886 47, 864 37,913 4,661 4,463 3,446 527 623 670 613 735 599 411 383 793 2,429 2,098 2,116 1,320 726 733 700 798 534 482 889 355 1,680 1,565 1,049 635 431 258 7,575 6,676 2,684 17, 335 11,960 10, 203 8,051 11,668 2,644 1,317 125 22 1,958 1,658 1,319 3,742 2,911 2,768 69, 353 66, 933 53, 916 8,005 7,310 5,898 624 745 815 1,498 1,635 1,446 996 1,077 2,196 7,927 7,390 7,060 2,628 1,362 1,443 1,597 1,716 1,098 784 1,233 636 3,818 3,604 2,705 883 561 361 12, 936 12, 815 5,591 30, 809 24, 232 18,425 Cutlery and tools, not else- where specified. Dyeing and finishing tex- tiles. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Fancy articles, not else- where specified. Fertilizers. Firearms and ammuni- tion. Flour-mill tod gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furnishing goods, men's.. Furniture. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and heating. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hat and cap materials. . . Hats, fur-felt. Hosiery and knit goods. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and riv- ets, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron and steel forgmgs, not made in steel works or rolling mills. 1914 1909 1904 76 82 71 7,568 7,547 5,753 14,316 14, 135 8,658 $4,400 3,980 3,098 $3,968 3,310 2,830 1914 1909 1904 12 10 10 1,764 1,719 1,406 7,738 5,851 4,883 923 872 640 1,455 1,480 927 1914 1909 1904 43 41 32 5,059 3,505 1,707 6,459 4,457 2,505 2,630 1,603 724 7,436 5,211 2,754 1914 1909 1904 '12 8 11 521 397 292 689 626 271 263 172 123 892 423 234 1914 1909 1904 10 12 10 329 295 310 1,689 1,273 607 185 137 124 1,477 1,091 525 1914 1909 1904 13 10 13 10,863 8,533 7,693 11,080 9,391 5,125 7,117 4,968 4,601 11,697 10,066 8,311 1914 1909 1904 85 98 86 113 145 167 2,971 3,616 3,108 59 72 86 1,631 1,731 1,690 1914 1909 1904 «388 403 2 349 39,369 37,736 29,828 54,557 49, 167 32,248 22,868 21,332 15,417 25,151 24,820 15,362 1914 1909 17 16 3,142 2,282 3,514 1,674 1,395 930 4,089 2,208 1914 1909 1904 22 25 119 783 298 283 1,313 803 537 305 179 166 655 368 238 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 16 12 9 27 28 26 2,391 2,249 2,217 1,209 926 640 2,214 1,946 1,232 1,189 1,073 827 567 330 1,673 1,330 1,183 1,471 1,005 826 5,089 4,100 2,237 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9 8 8 15 14 11 166 179 89 400 478 365 639 399 112 113 51 160 183 135 544 453 409 1,284 702 437 1,105 1,024 599 1914 1909 1904 58 80 56 5,461 5,217 5,158 6,029 5,619 3,729 3,057 3,384 2,696 4,633 4,849 3,954 1914 1909 1904 25 21 24 2,904 3,340 3,594 3,365 3,540 3,642 1,296 1,363 1,305 2,727 3,049 2,825 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 14 13 9 17 13 11 606 676 294 1,573 354 349 1,894 1,712 318 327 122 1,090 204 213 491 542 190 1,883 315 243 4,226 1,022 $11,541 10, 717 8,336 3,503 3,562 2,215 14,330 9,824 4,940 1,615 7.30 477 1,972 1,573 25,658 19,948. 17,762 1,881 2,024 67,009 65,535 44,816 6,435 1,157 786 657 4,076 4,023 3,215 4,746 3,446 2,558 798 519 9,476 10,400 5,222 5,801 5,371 1,048 1,180 440 4,660 704 697 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes ''stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified" and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." ^ Includes "cotton lace." fi Includes " combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber" and "ivory, shell, and bone work." 8 Includes "automobile repairmg;" "bells;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;""gas and water meters:" "hardware;" "hardware saddlery;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps, steam and other power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and " structural ironwork, not made in steelworks or rolling mills." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 35.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 197 Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thoosands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages- Cost of mate- rials. Value, of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 115 18 20 216 272 281 105 277 75 1136 143 142 $396 330 296 «673 588 542 Rubber goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 18 13 21 2,485 2,115 3,143 9,598 6,138 5,797 $1,413 1,116 1,283 $5,645 7,126 5,342 $10,188 11,005 8,868 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7 8 9 18 19 22 185 150 169 539 475 394 340 356 371 3,510 2,530 2,171 100 95 82 646 426 315 636 805 543 1,692 1,375 818 906 1,047 748 5,030 4,426 2,927 Shipbuilding, including boat building. Silk goods, including throwing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 37 43 46 44 47 43 514 427 1,998 10,668 8,703 7,792 1,303 1,454 458 254 987 5,606 3,749 3,124 342 316 2,807 18,406 11,834 9,098 1,665 742 4,560 Liquors, malt 11,160 8,564 7,821 30,592 21,063 15,624 Lumber and timberprod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 3 295 393 176 2,356 3,495 2,109 12,487 15, 163 7,275 1,462 1,907 1,128 3,765 3,918 2,479 6,966 7,846 4,792 Silverware and plated ware. 1914 1909 1904 33 31 7 22 6,465 6,223 3,854 7,265 5,751 3,500 3,682 3,446 2,099 7,382 7,232 3,640 15,239 15,837 8,126 Marble and stone work . . . 1914 1909 1904 80 86 69 • 538 7S2 1,051 2,687 2,317 2,060 387 614 655 353 370 402 1,057 1,237 1,497 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 8 26 28 26 463 432 371 596 590 461 281 239 204 4,555 3,949 2,809 5,216 4,572 3,218 Mineral and soda waters. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 102 96 71 19 17 17 210 220 186 2,267, 2,304 2,583 333 324 122 124 104 1,277 1,251 1,337 234 192 120 2,570 3,022 2,402 567 535 421 5,230 5,538 5,273 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7 9 14 256 265 226 258 260 203 1,570 1,513 1,267 636 540 131 131 96 1,068 908 766 771 732 428 1,215 1,064 852 1 672 Tobacco manufactures l!528 1 061 Musical instruments, pianos and organs, and materials. 2,696 2,559 2,224 203 48 24 3,149 2,738 2,350 Needles, pins, and hooks 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12 8 13 13 17 5 10 3,068 2,648 2,326 126 236 63 3,235 3,190 1,654 484 1,024 170 1,548 1,311 1,055 82 147 28 2,339 1,697 1,182 414 825 302 5,109 4,236 3,062 951 1,543 515 Toys n.Ti(l ga"i*^S 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 14 13 12 7 8 6 527 342 266 4,662 2,934 1,507 276 241 229 148 96 2,802 1,898 809 380 20O 134 1,461 1,041 ■ 355 1 040 and eyes. Typewriters and suppUes- '549 257 Paint and varnish 3,676 2,034 1,113 7,178 4,016 1,637 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 1904 44 51 60 1,898 1,720 1,750 21, 111 19,509 18,021 1,141 924 843 4,007 3,303 2,738 5,969 5,527 5,039 Wirework, tacluding wire rope and cable. 1914 1909 1904 20 28 29 646 1,420 1,261 644 1,517 2,410 350 684 575 663 1,648 1,249 1,330 3,345 2,600 Paper goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 »10 10 10 762 632 743 705 593 675 397 255 288 1,046 883 1,437 1,994 1,521 2,086 Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. 1914 1909 1904 53 56 59 7,350 7,789 7,429 18,194 17, 518 14,949 3,731 3,485 2,998 10,764 12,838 10,073 17,129 19,363 15,483 Patent medicines and compounds, and drug- gists' preparations. 1914 1909 1904 5 43 64 52 327 237 146 206 381 174 125 88 57 764 488 290 2,063 1,342 1,023 All other industries 1914 1909 1904 712 719 574 30,499 28,093 26,974 74,595 67,310 67,518 17,025 14,783 13,610 43, 743 40, 747 32,512 83,299 70,285 59,747 Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 1904 6 364 363 '32S 2,838 2,878 2,528 3,618 3,425 2,530 1,932 1,736 1,502 2,195 1,769 1,276 7,713 6,370 5,066 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. BRIDGEPORT - industries. ■All Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Corsets . Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1900 1904 I 405 367 306 S5 »13 7 5 3 "57 48 36 30,042 26,775 19,492 61,556 43,387 289 262 237 71 73 164 387 287 156 4,435 3,669 2,289 1,681 1,400 549 5,351 4,904 1,999 166 117 141 108 600 253 2,156 984 1,782 1,440 8,464 10,655 $16,929 13,349 9,480 227 186 148 46 47 109 207 124 78 1,639 1,349 667 808 575 196 3,098 2,716 1,007 $44,732 37, 947 22,335 662 591 453 61 50 128 354 263 148 4,616 3,802 1,251 2,216 1,842 594 4,249 4,336 1,239 $85, 126 65, 609 44,587 1,149 964 801 149 145 347 763 492 299 7,640 6,899 2,954 4,284 3,321 1,104 10,288 9,752 3,269 BRIDGEPORT— Con. Liquors, malt Marble and stone work . Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Printing and publishing. . Tobacco, cigars All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4 7 94 6 7 5 1241 35 9 22 19 16 20 188 177 150 68 72 49 28 43 26 34 38 18 215 172 160 43 35 34 17,440 14, 830 13,811 794 365 169 148 310 303 36,952 29,087 $61 69 46 27 32 21 23 33 11 174 120 118 27 20 19 10, 592 8,088 7,060 $272 160 104 36 43 24 13 10 3 188 127 110 30 21 22 32, 045 26, 702 18, 259 1 Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' ™42Scs"frfS.^eSi';;irst^a^S3^^cT^^^^^^^^^ ^'^ — t«i -t^ ---"V aad "window and door s 'Includes "envelopes." 5 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ? E^rdts';SStrU"o?sS'us'h°^^^^^ 8 Includes "sausage." f ^• ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations 10 Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified." " Includes "automobile reDairins." "eneines. steam, eas. and wa $678 618- 414 102 68 81 56 24 739 512 409 87 69 76 69, 179 42,779 34,832 "automobile repairing,;' "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines:" "hardwarn' and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills, " Includes "engraving, steel and copper plate, includiiL^lj 8»ety by Microsoft® "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus; " 198 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 35.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDTJSTEy. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. njDUSTKT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value, of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MOKE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SABTFOB.D— All dustries. Brass and bronzeproducts. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, brick. building Carriages and vragons. . Clothing, women'R.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Electrical machineryj ap- paratus, and supplies. Foundry and machine- shop products. Liquors, malt-, Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. Mineral and soda waters. Models and patterns, not including paper pat- terns. Printing and publishing . Tobacco, cigars and cig- arettes. All other industries. ITEW BRITAIN— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Mineral and soda waters. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 380 6 14 42 37 26 6 7 9 6 37 4 4 4 «16 15 19 '64 68 67 27 28 24 114 129 121 120 111 95 18 16 12 620 20 19 5 4 4 17, 137 14,627 11,221 51 30 300 241 199 179 148 100 118 109 361 94 70 43 42 1,310 780 548 2,506 2,768 2,322 182 138 102 223 195 147 761 280 272 261 10,527 8,520 6,422 14,320 13, 513 10, 073 114 7,653 7,493 6,718 4 3 22,390 19,410 $11,312 9,374 6,562 113 43 204 472 415 87 20 914 599 3,626 4,128 483 165 154 28 243 1,028 1,111 $17,644 17,863 11,487 13, 866 10,943 17, 137 14, 363 9,013 69 39 17 218 172 124 97 77 44 74 80 67 142 103 25 53 29 28 717 382 244 1,871 2,014 1,458 191 125 71 166 141 541 491 184 167 6,387 3,660 7,355 6,741 4,687 78 50 30 4,096 3,836 3,101 3 1 108 104 726 51 31 21 127 53 66 218 50 622 362 1,779 2,142 1,328 614 444 254 331 224 270 49 84 34 17 12 12 12 7 789 620 213 192 11,451 12,494 7,879 6,668 217 144 - 125 4,102 4,460 $42,831 40,680 25,974 238 183 70 1,178 1,105 843 212 167 253 178 219 '477 269 142 168 95 108 2,752 1,704 1,132 5,180 6,649 4,117 1,459 1,256 760 647 473 477 112 175 101 66 36 86 90 57 2,464 2,008 1,667 661 617 494 26,856 26,856 16, 653 23,227 22, 021 14, 960 367 246 205 12,266 11, 648 9,464 13 12 12 NEW BRITAIN— Con. Printing and publishing. . Tobacco, cigars. All other industries. NEW HAVEN- industries. •All Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons.. Clothing, men's, including shirts. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture.. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Jewelry. Liquors, malt-. . Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work . . Mattresses andspring beds. Mineral and soda waters. Printing and publishing. Tobacco manufactures. . Tools, not elsewhere speci- fied. All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1014 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7 12 10 10 10 10 7 55 51 43 8 588 490 67 66 63 S 15 28 8 10 24 951 56 58 10 27 6 7 4 4 4 4 "16 8 19 19 10 10 8 4 6 12 13 7 6 74 8 71 66 45 61 38 210 228 197 135 106 6,349 5,763 3,204 24,993 23, 497 21,437 374 370 264 91 853 4,171 6,190 4,176 192 101 62 76 66 37 7 15 13 123 114 187 229 140 25 47 45 25 33 31 37 26 515 612 610 747 647 446 364 232 101 17,966 15, 739 14,655 7,953 6,977 38, 180 31,257 317 163 112 4,276 4,393 333 254 640 607 863 37 28 616 508 497 191 30,294 23,990 t77 45 34 3,063 2,776 1,497 14, 462 12, 752 11,'204 233 230 155 34 62 374 28 19 11 14 2,266 2,886 2,050 36 57 38 47 43 27 122 100 128 142 82 24 40 30 16 14 19 23 16 360 332 331 524 241 133 66 10, 352 8,263 7,668 $81 53 46 44 27 3,934 3,623 1,988 27,317 24,152 18,521 876 537 40 98 329 63 67 47 161 35 2,707 3,006 1,818 93 133 56 107 116 66 12 27 12 217 404 36 34 21 442 334 234 668 455 304 140 87 63 21,261 18, 106 14,402 $220 163 129 107 102 73 10,255 9,850 6,077 57, 752 60,870 1,526 1,473 947 110 111 114 7,027 7,806 6,395 252 135 109 31 55 1,303 1,290 905 635 96 105 73 87 72 1,720 1,323 1,101 1,433 1,141 799 549 400 196 42,298 36,562 28,287 1 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Excludes statistics tor one estabhshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps, steam;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;"' and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing; " "lumber, planing-mill products, notincluding planing mills connected with sawmills; " and "window and door screens." ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making; " "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing: " and "lithographing." 6 Includes " hardware; " "hardware saddlery;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified; " and "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus." ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." 8 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them m order to include data only for those establishments located within the cor- porate limits of the city. , ,. , ,. X , ^ s Includes "automobile repairing;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "steam fittings and steam andhot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 10 Includes "boxes, wooden packing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 35.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 199 Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age Dum- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value, of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. WATERBTIRY— All industries. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Copper.tin, and sheet-iron products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 190 169 143 16 15 114 27 20 18 26 5 ' 4 20,189 20,170 15,406 10,010 9,603 7,445 121 133 137 821 858 851 46,714 37,518 Jll,503 11,244 8,016 33,637 26,530 855 t31,618 28,726 17, 770 5,818 5,451 3,981 92 90 358 366 354 24,238 21, 599 13,183 325 325 302 486 430 364 $50,659 50,350 32,367 32, 624 31,462 19, 987 559 505 453 1,184 1,046 1,038 WATEB.BURY— Con. Foundry and machine- shop products. Printing and publishing . Tobacco, cigars. All other industries . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 <23 23 13 6 17 15 114 15 18 9 1,857 2,007 821 173 181 126 43 67 7,164 7,321 6,000 4,265 2,359 233 186 1 7,650 8,006 $1, 161 1,282 517 148 129 3,890 2,981 $1,337 1,306 349 115 97 55 31 41 ' 20 5,086 4,928 3,497 $3,382 3,558 1,335 426 84 115 49 12,400 13,265 CITIES 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED . Danbury. Mekiden. MiDDLETOWN. . Natjgatuck. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 42 53 49 126 131 103 127 120 97 72 58 4,312 4,127 3,394 5,304 4,810 4,515 8,166 7,845 7,281 2,389 2,434 3,464 3,628 14, 494 13,209 5,660 8,045 6,615 4,569 3,333 7,510 5,967 S2, 412 2,384 1,683 2,967 2,858 2,264 4,696 4,235 3,669 1,222 1,003 2,017 1,967 1,998 $17, 212 14,611 15, 308 5,814 4,879 7,035 6,943 5,644 3,258 2,943 4,951 7,329 7,260 $21, 499 20,088 19, 132 10, 602 10,318 8,066 16, 746 16,317 13, 764 6,643 4,955 9,575 11, 033 11,010 New London.. NoBWICH.. Stamfoed. TOERINGTON. WiLUMANTIC . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 105 2,154 2,225 2,554 4,074 4,101 3,706 5,723 3,984 3,341 4,974 4,488 3,507 3,020 3,799 2,912 13,537 11, 462 7,677 6,554 8,445 7,165 9,946 10, 566 $1,085 926 1,070 2,154 1,996 1,694 3,202 2,350 1,722 2,649 2,384 1,538 1,235 $2,831 2,531 2,527 4,505 4,277 3,043 6,374 3,704 2,330 9,165 7,463 4,585 3,194 $4, 940 4,483 4,710 8,471 8,379 6,022 12,964 8,740 5,890 14,315 12,550 9,564 6,733 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes ''stamped and enam3led ware." a Excludes statistics for two establishments to avoid disclosure of individual operations. < Includes "hardware;" "plumbsrs' supplies, not elsewhere specified," and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 6 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." » Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits 01 the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 200 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENQAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 4,104 254,499 13,123 Artificial Stone products Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book making . Boots and shoes Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread, and other bakery products Brooms Brushes Butter and cheese Buttons Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials.. Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Clocks Clothing, men's. Men's, youths', and boys' Contract work Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cordage and twine Corsets Cotton goods Cutlery and edge tools Table cutleJry, and scissors, shears, and clippers. Axes, hatchets, and pocketknives Another Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water , Engraving and diesinking Engraving, wood Envelopes Fancyarticles, not elsewhere specified. Felt goods Fertilizers Files Firearms and ammunition Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles . All other Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods FurnisJiing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Metal and store and office fixtures. Gas.illununating and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Hand stamps Hardware Locks Hinges, and other builders' hard- ware. All other '. Hardware, saddlery 18 42 67 467 7 11 24 18 239 9 30 200 10 17 22 15 7 27 11 219 2,566 54 65 82 644 2,409 18, 196 2,749 20 159 82 1,164 22 481 360 442 210 232 1,476 67 650 332 318 351 7,928 15,661 6,403 3,032 1,770 601 1,857 5,880 28 810 418 247 415 28 11, 798 228 168 50 118 IS, 114 385 2,926 11, 803 40 3,371 628 264 1,592 402 202 24 21, 626 3,880 11,629 6,117 1,301 16 13 11 19 16 12 16 33 490 7 12 13 109 3 10 96 11 3 13 10 Oig, 6,026 13,287 5,799 226,264 Mh 233,083 An 219, 3 1 25 73 231 46 53 8 5 3 19 6 7 36 9 27 25 21 132 172 103 56 29 18 215 11 9 582 19 119 444 2 468 51 261 14 149 85 116 9 9 "ll 21 35 53 35 18 304 244 188 125 35 28 45 428 3 90 1 39 23 19 43 1 490 12 9 751 36 80 635 1 90 31 11 20 197 17 1,414 171 1,029 tlzedidm 25 24 -^i; 94 1 2 2 21 43 209 114 57 36 21 17 6 185 133 99 18 214 229 6 11 2 9 327 10 25 292 3 40 20 9 11 100 13 2 721 113 484 178 2,223 40 39 63 667 2,196 16, 781 2,014 13 130 63 1,063 14 72 336 3,753 391 174 217 1,337 26 46 421 227 194 301 316 7,298 15,093 5,008 2,769 1,694 545 1,764 5,059 113 1,075 18 714 357 217 329 25 10,863 113 114 35 79 13,345 317 2,692 10, 336 25 3,142 565 218 1,209 349 166 15 19, 004 3,545 9,853 1,239 Oo 213 Je 2, 599 Au My Ja« De 695 Mh 2,244 Mh 17, 455 Jy 2,065 (5) 13 My 141 Je 73 Fe 1, 132 P) 14 Ap< 75 My « 409 Se 367 Oc 3,1 Mh Mh 198 238 Mh 1,535 Jy4 Ja* Oc Oc 252 324 Ap 322 Ap 7,655 My 15, 277 Mh 2,947 Je 1, 821 Fe 579 Oc 1, 819 Mh 5,407 Oc 123 De 1,279 De 11 Je< Api No Oc Ap 20 729 385 243 416 Fe* 31 De 13,382 De 120 Jei Au Au 342 Ja 2,926 Ja 10,875 No 43 Mh 3,372 My 608 Mh 246 Jy 1, 428 Fe 398 Mh De 174 17 Fe 3, Ja 10,559 mGfo&QM^^ Oo 1,346 Mh 128 No 1,835 Ja« Ja Je ,Ta 46B Au 2,125 No 16,218 Fe 1,959 W 13 De 117 De m Jy 974 f>) 14 An' 69 Oc .S.M Fe 318 De 3,559 De 161 Ja 201 De 1,056 Mh< De« Ja 194 J» 152 Fe 266 No 307 No 6,561 No 14,856 Oc 2, 526 Ja 1,647 Jy 520 Se 1, 725 Se 4,873 My Se Jei Ja4 De Ja Mh No 101 973 16 691 219 193 256 De* 21 Au 9,307 Ap 109 Jai No Ja 243 De 2,463 Se 9,723 Ap 11 De 2,837 No 623 .Ta 164 Mh 1,023 Jy 219 Oc Je« 157 14 No 3,433 De 8,995 ku 5,251 Jy 804 m 174 2,195 ' 41 47 65 695 2,164 16, 893 2,049 13 119 70 1,073 14 367 319 3,559 370 164 208 1,218 26 45 418 230 188 290 310 7,258 15,053 5,160 2,896 1,722 542 1,729 5,076 109 1,279 10 16 691 359 237 319 21 13,382 120 119 83 13,567 329 2,611 10, 727 38 2,875 773 639 234 1,194 334 16 18,013 3,486 9,161 5,366 1„309 (») 174 2,162 40 29 35 380 875 15,061 1,816 13 78 68 465 14 367 319 2,625 116 64 62 18 42 282 102 180 138 1,031 8,531 4,635 2,536 1,576 524 1,607 3,251 103 1,276 16 299 234 223 21 10, 177 120 36 32 13,252 328 2,471 10,453 18 1,180 755 529 226 1,189 257 166 13 14,848 2,911 7,588 4,3 1 18 29 292 1,157 1,734 198 959 (8) (8) (3) 37 2 560 942 254 100 154 135 127 159 5,886 5,871 476 117 16 177 1,660 361 119 11 20 3,167 49 279 31 248 20 1,615 16 10 61 2 2,848 643 1,421 884 326 10 1 237 115 25 9 310 342 14 7 6 1 19 102 10 $620,194,294 298,426 8,920,981 28,979 54,933 47,485 901,215 2,919,043 61,885,745 3,853,428 15,064 147,212 97, 674 1,609,764 9,385 225,866 820, 412 1, 725, 711 6,761,384 197, 627 165, 565 31,962 754, 589 135,601 295,220 940,669 254,888 685,883 685,856 601,329 8,151,298 44,959,608 11,476,122 7,190,785 3,258,447 1,025,890 4,837,005 14,354,427 193,988 6,114,088 10,528 11,844 1,937,152 889,267 1,072,302 1,804,167 14, 246 31,036,883 1, 214, 432 247,359 63,360 184,009 44,046,644 1,692,650 7, 89 9, 383 34,453,611 99, 087 6,528,815 1,079,464 488,675 590,889 22, 174, 341 497, 245 629,682 28, 655- 41,942,098; 7, 296, 027 23,623,061 11,124,010 1,817,621 L ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms.' MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. 201 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. Tor contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 816,475,434 15,820 261,845 2,392 2,080 65,054 165,243 801, 734 68,302 13,975 10,230 75,908 750 11,642 20,071 6,390 169, 138 9,576 5,624 3,952 45,442 12, 780 11,936 80,600 39,450 41, 160 42,832 29,679 464,818 683,972 277,372 173,837 66,650 36,886 81,316 606,941 68,681 161,745 $19,036,065 14, 707 293,441 962 1,614 972 38,709 160,002 1,340,898 113,139 61,177 41,312 24,434 63, 106 2,100 640,291 12,280 11,800 1,200 10,600 1,539,559 49,531 269,490 1,220,538 247,488 66, 718 44,930 21,788 160, 103 28,158 9,010 2,600 1,169,563 139,482 623,725 406,356 82,293 7,301 420 64,008 6,827 5,923 24,122 197,611 9,580 9,060 620 80,358 11,062 54,704 62,279 42,096 20,183 13,117 5,970 658, 755 376,628 319,305 228,502 48,089 42,714 86,047 633,425 3,484 110,697 450 1,273 45, 218 41, 783 32, 165 60,291 754 606,397 8,084 15,383 480 14,903 943,315 39,280 97, 115 806,920 2,330 147,465 42,794 14,626 28,168 222,892 21,381 20,916 728 2,011,493 329,754 1,263,679 418,060 51,240 $125,219,860 91,655 1,696,006 24,667 23,469 31,648 251,532 1,076,513 9,845,800 1,403,362 7,406 61,218 42, 825 492,453 7,420 40,324 271,078 248^321 1,990,226 143, 660 64, 987 78, 673 464,991 16,866 43,617 246,492 109,302 137, 190 210,820 102,775 2,796,764 6,801,030 2,931,308 1,652,165 1,049,607 329,646 923,404 2,629,530 65,914 808, 736 6,960 13,449 372,746 195,633 92,984 184,789 10,410 7,117,311 59,239 46,024 12,962 33,072 8,724,752 189, 258 1,492,661 7,042,843 12, 164 1,396,131 304,853 171,376 133,478 827,494 163,295 112,030 8,393 10,229,938 1,858,712 5,217,705 3,153,621 515, 549 $2,069,176 2,076 1,795 230 60,000 125 2,691 100 10 741 4,071 4,600 500 4,000 400 12,314 500 600 667 388, 236 826 160 5,117 10,807 500 616 $1,980,013 1,689 31,774 2,020 2,678 4,468 4,905 29,366 34,905 128,298 372 2,716 764 9,338 480 312 60 750 65 67,812 20,800 2,355 44,657 65 5,000 2,520 2,480 17,536 14,867 3,252 60,251 60,000 10,251 10,462 195 8,835 5,576 3,269 12,511 2,085 3,718 67,378 36,695 21,683 13,771 126 36, 145 42,709 2,474 984 $5,181,606 $276,982,086 1,490 3,150 40,088 6,228 12,619 1,000 1,288 1,600 7,919 800 272 7,504 7,004 5,799 1,630 4,169 111,291 5,058 4,162 102,071 5,412 4,192 21,183 15,723 5,460 30,884 2,902 958 22,243 1,676 20,667 950 1,866 61,615 87 177 337 3,004 20,873 354,857 22, 152 133 679 10,745 69 3,216 5,843 932 41,080 398 286 113 4,168 696 1,197 8,064 2,491 6,673 3,703 3,545 54,818 281,543 76, 103 46,600 25,242 4,261 46,066 80,698 835 14/018 11,067 3,250 3,817 7,916 122 206,943 7,718 1,333 314 1,019 279,882 8,519 48, 193 223, 170 709 38,286 6,681 2,576 4,005 214,586 2,957 3,920 63,813 21, 155 114,881 3,702,435 6,727 50,286 32,738 1,331,988 1, 786, 166 52,015,862 4,498,912 15,869 151,978 522,350 589,125 8,668 75,055 319, 712 249,619 1,635,046 246,718 241,272 5,446 688,260 349, 800 134,509 881,513 473, 165 408,348 345,322 501,764 7, 629, 107 16,611,661 2,325,107 1,399,054 771,797 154,266 1,236,831 7,257,829 61,215 990, 716 3,588 2,941 943,524 628,538 341,771 1,451,377 1,996 11,360,483 1,614,023 340, 707 100,178 240,529 8,476,081 320,309 1,203,646 6,951,127 38,398 4,009,058 631, 798 258,392 373,406 186,707 194,804 512,111 3,759,714 492,624 $11,528,800 4,342 66,726 752 745 734 6,072 33,676 1,869,910 162,068 329 2,486 4,801 24,183 611 3,026 12,819 2,005 60,390 5,038 2,533 2,606 12,000 3,762 2,687 31,178 8,610 22,668 4,427 4,151 45,456 523,384 212, 276 97,307 15,283 219,155 178,301 9,404 38,406 216 90 10,776 15,348 18,441 26,835 1,490 336,912 16,793 10,407 4,874 5,533 696,314 22,927 210, 848 462,539 307 80, 162 22,885 16,751 6,134 1,284,326 5,820 32,143 102,767 74,143 $545,471,617 288,042 8,060,692 69,648 113,081 99, 691 1,957,709 3,741,735 69,353,103 8,005,138 34,009 298,764 624,288 1,498,002 27,235 171,111 824,397 531,048 4,523,975 483, 793 373,806 109,987 1,596,888 435,044 313,383 1,708,608 783,560 925,048 777,969 666,096 12,936,805 30,191,480 7,356,772 4,444,982 2,225,643 686, 147 3,503,139 14,330,156 242,999 2,561,767 16,081 34,806 1,830,181 1, 186, 179 551,426 1,971,991 19,899 25,657,797 1,881,481 597,402 137, 693 459, 709 24,558,098 735,160 3,731,446 20,091,492 91,518 6,434,933 1,166,652 596,869 559,793 4,745,720 492,635 798,271 30,075 28,808,363 \7r — •^ * Same number reported for one or more other months. 9,189,607 1,361,261 $256,960,631 168,819 4,281,631 62,169 62,050 66,119 619,649 1,922,893 16,467,331 3,344,158 17,821 144,300 97, 137 884,694 18,056 93,030 491,866 279,424 2,828,539 232,037 130,001 102,036 896,628 81,482 176, 187 795,917 301, 785 494, 132 428,220 160,181 5,361,242 13,056,435 4,819,389 2,948,621 1,354,160 516,608 2,048,153 6,894,026 172,380 1,522,647 12,277 31,774 875,881 642, 293 191,214 494, 779 16,413 13,960,402 250, 665 246, 288 32,641 213,647 15,386,703 391,924 2,316,963 12,677,826 52,813 2,345,723 501,969 321, 716 180,253 3,274,687 292,011 254,017 20,676 18,782,620 /gh,308,435 l®?147,059 5,327,126 794,494 453,812 284 3,666 21 21 31 227 1,665 57,033 1,316 19 153 197 882 22 265 680 503 3,328 67 383 127 113 845 147 698 266 1,255 2,970 64,655 9,260 3,784 4,075 1,391 7,738 6,469 256 1,783 3 2 558 379 652 1,689 37 11,080 2,971 264 101 163 24,626 803 4,136 19,687 9 3,614 1,313 1,015 5,089 278 639 7 19,317 3,294 8,815 7,208 1,883 303, 799 148 3,024 112 1,216 38,032 137 18,917 59 170 10 12 183 600 12 245 165 2,720 240 65 105 185 60 125 100 125 2,660 37,954 6,018 3,145 1,463 420 4,621 4,320 65 490 340 25 390 1,240 6,691 1,035 102 15 87 14,075 465 3,266 10,344 2,189 340 200 140 4,331 210 635 16,380 3,229 8,360 4,791 1,807 4,3,43 23 16 46 25 2,935 2 77 26 1,427 392 200 15 177 330 31 24,315 3,609 37^ 2,604 2,650 181 125 12 3,100 384 10 10 1,784 5 118 1,661 1 40 105 281 36 "214 "26 140 195 1,094 195 146 160 75 162 972 959 285 674 150 60 90 300 16 996 25 50 921 50 64,294 77 462 21 18 21 115 361 11,723 1,154 3 59 14 27 111,716 413 76 20 56 143 62 8 634 87 647 116 36 285 959 231 60 168 237 1,927 191 661 2 18 136 2 249 25 1,127 680 152 76 76 7,808 333 467 7,008 8 724 809 741 68 428 38 7 1,515 1,215 26 1,644 48 22,834 83 481 1,051 30 1,234 6,887 2,512 1,711 801 1,871 2,544 841 163 11,364 6,646 18 1,447 5,181 946 1,413 66 365 6,669 963 4,706 1,001 ' Same number reported throughout the year. 202 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTOUSTBT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- Usb- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST BEPBESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- lors and firm mem- bers. Sala^ ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe. male. . Aver- age ntmi- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. MiTlTTmiTn month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Hat and cap mate^als Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats,straw Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, andri -ets. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Jewelry Lamps Automobile lamps , All other , Leather goods, notelsewherespecified. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Lime Liquors,.distilled Liquors, malt , Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products Lumber, plauing-null products, not includmg planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Embroideries, trimmed hats, and hat frames. Dressand cloak trimmingSjbraids, fringes, and women's neckwear. Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground , Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos and organs. Musical instruments, piano and organ materials. Piano materials Organ materials Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes Patats Paper and wood pulp Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds. . . Paving materials Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Plated ware , Hollow ware , All other Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Printing and publishing, book and job. Job work only Book publishing and printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, puolishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Eubber goods , not elsewhere specified Screws, machine Screws, wood Shipbuilding, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Kepairwork only Small boats, and masts and spars. 15 444 12 17 12 3 400 9 129 15 7 8 5 94 58 6,006 33 115 323 74 5,461 3 349 14 15 18 302 25 3,069 12 54 62 37 2,904 5 1,335 24 58 20 1,233 5 113 2 9 10 6 86 14 657 5 12 20 14 606 17 1,815 4 51 139 48 1,573 19 244 13 15 17 11 188 9 1,838 26 109 30 1,673. 4 220 11 11 10 188 5 1,618 IS 98 20 1,485 6 76 6 6 2 62 7 217 3 15 7 7 186 10 310 17 6 3 284 9 30 6 4 1 1 18 18 663 4 51 67 2 539 5 19 6 1 1 11 197 1,030 238 14 3 2 773 82 1,732 62 94 86 49 1,441 80 705 100 34 24 9 538 18 201 20 8 S 14 154 7 144 5 6 8 8 117 4 68 4 2 2 3 57 3 76 1 4 6 5 60 102 359 121 7 15 6 210 3 112 2 7 1 1 101 22 138 20 4 1 113 5 15 4 1 10 7 796 26 37 10 723 12 1,683 5 42 59 33 1,544 9 1,662 1 42 59 33 1,527 3 12 21 3,286 4 7 17 3,068 44 96 71 9 182 1 16 42 16 107 44 2,098 14 103 50 33 1,898 6 61 4 6 2 1 48 37 366 29 23 66 25 223 11 236 2 8 10 2 214 8 124 6 11 2 5 100 9 103 5 4 11 8 75 26 6,172 4 121 445 200 5,402 5 919 17 51 19 832 21 5,253 4 104 394 181 4,570 11 676 7 21 43 20 585 208 2,123 192 109 121 121 1,580 196 1,939 183 95 63 80 1,518 12 184 9 14 58 41 62 131 1,942 71 137 461 146 1,127 21 913 13 46 327 71 456 72 954 41 69 117 57 670 38 75 17 22 17 IS 1 3 18 13 2,846 1 2 1 97 11 2,485 168 94 8 626 2 17 27 9 5ri 4 2,424 1 14 89 54 2,266 3 331 26 57 22 226 34 342 30 14 6 4 288 8 246 3 11 5 4 223 5 41 3 3 1 34 21 f> ir?U >*"'K' VJtV . 31 i power only.i>' lyit ize a D Y N ICi'-Qk Mh 451 Ja3 98 Fe 5,868 Ja 359 Mh 2,996 Fe 1,291 Au Ja 106 652 My 1,620 Se 266 Fe 228 Ja 1, 651 Mh 69 Ja 210 Oca Au De 339 24 549 13 Fe 1, 058 My 1,485 Ap Je 612 170 Je My Jy 259 Au 122 Mh 126 De Fe 12 759 Ja 1, 820 Jy 19 De 3,151 Fe 111 Ap 1,946 MhS 50 Ap 253 Se 282 Ja 3 103 Au 128 Fe 875 Mh 4,760 Jy 626 My 1,558 Je 74 No De (') ApS 467 689 My 3,193 Fea 616 Ja 2, 706 No 3 277 MhS 262 My 54 Au Jya 354 90 My 4,887 Jy 141 Au 2,686 De 1,165 Se 72 564 Fe 1,510 Jy 134 Se 160 Jy 1,333 Jy 57 Je 166 De 216 Ja> De Jy3 Jy 16 528 10 427 De 1,337 489 139 De De Ja 171 Jy 67 Oc 97 Au De 7 645 ifo Je De Au Aua Ja Fe De Ja 1,204 15 2,974 101 1,821 45 166 65 94 55 Jy 706 De 4,417 Ja 540 Au 1,470 Ap 54 Mh Jy No No De Ja 437 656 1 10 1,785 627 1,992 105 No 178 De 19 Jas 22 1 power, other than electric. 422 98 5,587 342 2,923 301 75 3,945 160 881 115 23 1,688 179 1,968 3 3 42 3 24 12 "56" 1,164 883 266 4 11 82 573 80 501 2 70 2 1,553 1,391 122 25 15 178 92 80 2 4 1,627 190 1,437 58 179 1,297 170 1,127 53 160 305 13 292 5 19 17 6 11 8 1 7 255 23 536 12 1,058 1,349 255 23 535 10 1,052 1,341 1 2 5 3 1 4 ..... 594 150 105 60 592 123 32 25 1 27 69 17 1 4 3 10 5 55 7 42 1 5 209 97 125 205 97 119 1 3 5 1 12 6 6 646 601 45 1,498 1,168 326 4 1,482 16 3,146 101 1,901 1,159 9 1,694 96 1,728 320 6 1,286 5 168 3 1 54 '112" 5 50 227 228 94 73 39 76 228 84 48 9 137 2 1 "is" 6 24 4 1 5,205 857 4,348 801 1,593 1,532 61 1,154 4,187 785 3,402 554 1,201 1,164 37 1,006 919 64 855 47 356 336 20 125 47 7 40 52 1 51 30 29 1 23 6 3 3 464 689 432 573 22 103 10 13 1 10 2,502 574 2,342 275 277 1 7 2,125 525 1,772 262 276 3 353 47 653 9 11 2 15 4 1 13 "2 211 28 38 210 28 38 1 $1,176,356 132,874 6,166,607 890,782 5,796,194 4,059,733 799,633 1,942,829 5,071,715 290,338 3,773,097 222,392 3,550,705 90,580 818,682 1,246,370 183.453 6,617,320 38,740 983,003 4,407,282 1,366,978 397,627 175,920 80,706 95,214 684,007 134,975 87,610 13,194 2, 734, 291 2,991,395 2,963,107 28,288 4,984,274 791,894 6,899,200 131,467 543,329 804,477 109,060 243,087 14,198,001 1,951,346 12,246,655 1,365,652 2> 996, 501 2,719,311 277,190 3,508,812 1,850,477 1,617,599 40,736 32,028 7,813,178 1,798,547 4,270,049 1,202,187 1,167,426 1,060,574 46,166 60,686 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 203 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $28,914 256,182 43,266 160,278 104,113 20,603 38, 132 190,211 31,811 90,396 26,360 64,036 17,575 27,391 20, 256 8,310 176,017 1,200 10,448 186, 738 68,542 15,014 11,980 3,495 8,485 5,560 12,565 9,050 1,560 109,963 139,030 139,030 131, 777 37,020 279, 755 8,512 128,713 20,900 35,886 8,340 323,619 47,788 275, 831 47, 135 107,905 90,083 17,822 283,397 117,999 137,363 28,035 1,000 217,056 39,625 48,213 164,576 26, 731 22,881 3,850 $19,332 16,519 351,055 32,390 112, 129 87,829 11, 183 45,014 189,577 29,126 184,986 15,538 169,448 506 11,932 9,506 1,670 106,525 104 2,862 106,404 27,392 9,180 17,255 2,671 14,584 8,837 1,860 156 93,151 93,151 179,471 99,508 45,796 2,485 119, 159 11,821 7,428 16,271 736,182 108,855 627,327 56,811 170,262 110,720 59, 542 479,347 306,530 153, 214 19,603 254,296 29,686 148,432 105, 752 6,681 5,641 1,040 1160,395 . 66,610 3,057,272 162,631 1,296,113 573,137 64,225 317,853 1,090,136 104,536 897,485 117,887 779, 598 30,411 99,723 168,015 11,412 546,375 7,556 418,072 974,078 387,248 87,210 42,830 22,272 20,558 121,562 54,850 97,494 5,308 491, 749 784,874 776,752 8,122 1,547,648 65,240 1,140,638 24,439 80,801 114,427 76,927 33, 559 3,010,363 523, 137 2,487,226 253,321 958,484 928,453 30, 031 888,856 404,672 483,976 5,660 1,413,478 333,768 849,232 235,953 222,426 177, 864 23,028 21,534 $512 15,963 1,538 414 3,260 181 98 83 100 56,324 136,250 238 12,070 120 4,445 4,445 1,030 317 330 673 810 810 20,442 2,000 20,062 2,572 11,771 3,012 1,825 1,195 630 45 153,322 10,205 143,117 111,438 19,396 2,323 89, 719 595 '366' $4,065 5,272 29,091 9,246 15,264 4,900 840 18,840 7,996 9,515 6,251 3,264 1,080 6,250 1,500 4,534 454 42,548 11,513 6,640 1,165 347 818 10,682 2,763 6,907 17, 522 17,378 144 111,852 1,800 8,700 4,676 10, 195 2,825 4,266 9,140 11,770 11,770 1,740 87,389 81,959 5,430 61, 001 36,738 20,553 3,710 652 88,556 2,214 7,000 4,069 1,356 1,680 1,033 $5,575 488 31,338 1,105 54,999 25,858 150 9,509 35,409 31,190 2,297 28,893 754 5,467 2,049 198,864 889,318 270 6,700 29,923 6,918 2,290 1,115 465 650 4,520 1,571 418 1,236 20 9,325 15,508 28,036 27, 797 239 38,089 2,095 49,754 634 7,067 3,963 780 574 82,775 12,547 70, 228 7,718 21,713 20. 728 985 24,281 11,851 12,287 143 286 39,063 12. 729 40,263 1,305 3,933 3,209 Di&ftiz> $1,253,282 119,116 4,462,424 429,608 2,673,227 2,411,878 24,977 455, 182 1,743,315 90,032 1,179,542 150,556 1,028,986 78,652 624,005 148,371 70,659 1,572,738 18,871 461,920 3, 106, 190 326,578 278,079 165,029 40,752 124,277 224,271 63,210 31,483 8,723 793,015 1,708,958 1,696,078 12,880 2,275,171 307,810 3,434,956 87,825 491,840 56,050 37, 593 135,277 5,541,061 465,398 5,075,663 671, 197 1,105,356 1,038,943 66,413 828,430 467,032 348, 449 12,949 12,275 5,455,896 327,447 934,390 125, 557 201, 504 166,074 17, 1,69, • Same number reported lor one or more other months. $30,362 1,559 170,850 7,793 53,3^ 31,535 38,093 35,520 139,263 4,085 44,210 6,129 38,081 1,189 11,714 117,095 5,279 119,364 155 7,518 45,250 26,596 6,520 2,774 1,646 1,128 9,507 14,457 4,176 426 19, 513 49,011 48,232 779 64,282 15,785 572,038 3,419 ,5,399 16,921 2,856 3,116 132, 238 20,027 112,211 17,896 41,568 38,876 2,692 58,690 29,614 28,945 131 623 188, 946 28, 987 66, 868 5,767 $1,593,895 288, 165 9,475,778 800,408 5,221,683 3,818,969 191,824 1,048,197 4,559,897 329,842 2,896,003 353,633 2,542,370 194,409 905, 961 489,383 323,921 5,029,541 45,323 1,500,840 5,174,958 1,056,846 488,650 285,278 81,222 204,056 566, 744 160,577 223,464 23,441 2,008,489 3,221,465 3,184,567 36,898 5,108,556 735,925 5,968,797 163,519 1,442,194 280,524 213,071 249,781 11,942,797 1,446,613 10,496,184 1, 360, 198 3,505,751 3,086,574 419,177 3,846,514 2,076,869 1,544,604 225,041 25,306 10,187,757 906, 177 2, 842, 798 1, 107, 717 657, 576 439,385 63, 57i $310,251 167,490 4,842,504 363,007 2,495,112 1,375,556 128,754 557,495 2,677,319 235,725 1,672,251 196, 948 1,475,303 114,568 270,242 223,917 247,983 3,337,439 26, 297 1,031,402 2,023,518 703,672 204,051 117,475 38,824 78,651 332,966 82,910 187,805 14,292 1,195,961 1,463,496 1,440,257 23,239 2, 769, 103 412,330 1,961,803 72,275 944,965 207,563 172,622 111,388 6,269,498 961, 188 5,308,310 671, 105 2,358,827 2,008,755 360, 072 2,959,394 1,580,223 1,167,210 211,961 12,408 4,542,915 549, 743 1,841,540 976, 403 346,689 266, 047 , , 35,349 R; 45,293 1,105 28 710 5 9 171 219 19 75 6,029 236 3,365 4,871 236 2,590 35 1,123 972 105 402 650 125 2,521 1,375 475 671 1,346 1,894 1,335 480 11 602 140 16 227 585 4,226 1,338 203 230 2,455 385 115 65 15 35 9 1,651 219 1,432 74 340 780 35 745 50 174 75 796 184 612 16 31 108 ■■"ios" 3' 8' 120 75 ....... 476 283 15 10 168 313 3,510 175 3,318 138 192 ■"■■255' 6,380 5,739 4,598 4,307 428 180 1,232 118 122 1,134 90' 2,687 160 68 48 20 333 775 133 1,945 70 294 448 90 68 48 20 175 '"m 50 7 8' 99 725 41 4' 18 50 9 839 1,857 9 169 197 150 1,005 670 1,304 110 246 1,819 38 3,235 439 21,111 1,304 110 216 30 510 2 7,385 189 8 110 112 185 1,005 "i,'466' 35 372 2,615 325 12,996 '■■545' 147 70 1,890 57 190 70 30 1,876 25 184 10 4 • 14 67 36 2 2' 32 4 2 6,274 580 4,694 606 3,255 140 3,115 462 32 ■■■■32' 100 320 160 160 1,667 280 1,387 44 1,972 90 1,882 8 1,443 1,368 75 2,067 227 177 60 313 68 68 15 15 1,133 1,108 25 1,624 40 40 "■'iio' 113 17 1,146 918 160 153 50 63 ■■■--■ 936 685 55 85 3 28 3 13 15 9,598 1,832 2,853 362 941 7,618 710 2,508 80 9 750 1,150 1,113 345 362 154 2,898 i' 646 111 30 613 160 168 555 65 26 11 47 96 12 ioo 30 < Same number reported throughout the year. 204 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Tabde 36.— detail STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nroUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAQED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNES3 DEC. 16, OB NEAREST EEFKESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. TotEd. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala^ ried offl- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Shirts Silk goods, including throwsters. Finished products Throwing and winding Silversml thing and silverware. . . Slaughtering and meat packing . . not Stamped and enameled ware, elsewhere specified. Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. S tatuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus Stencils and brands.. ..' Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and hot-air furnaces, and ranges. S tructural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco manufactures Tools, not elsewhere specified. Toys and games Typewriters and suppUes Varnishes Vinegar and cider Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods,not elsewhere specified. Wool shoddy Woolen and worsted goods All other industries * 256 43 14 7 4 45 20 27 7 6 49 317 967 11,;31 11,466 265 1,283 655 376 2,256 3,982 26 102 96 309 92 1,907 2,851 605 5,423 43 74 730 191 31 148 7,451 31,312 272 21 7 5 20 203 20 170 164 6 24 7 17 66 6 137 762 14 604 603 1 144 46 56 57 606 37 132 23 627 24 2 122 1,994 10 264 261 3 61 .12 40 57 25 163 914 10,668 10,419 249 1,063 463 258 2,084 22 3,371 18 87 78 237 1,670 2,560 527 4,662 19 24 646 151 21 135 7,133 27,626 Fe 965 Jy 10,980 Ja 322 Ap 1,102 Ja 638 Fe 296 Mh 2,212 De 28 Au 31 Au 3,478 W Ja3 Mh Oc Ja 89 261 91 Oc 1,609 Mh 2,708 Oo 751 Mh 5,146 No Mh 19 Mh 161 Ja 24 Fe 8 152 My 7,5T2 Au 877 Ja 9, 555 De 128 Jy Au 851 416 Oc De 1, 232 15 Ja Des 19 No 3,190 Apa Jy Ja Ap Je 1,546 No 2,395 Ja 360 Oc 4,117 40 206 60 (') Fe3 Jy De Jy» No 19 3 610 140 19 106 Ja 6,599 904 10,248 9,992 256 1,051 48o 266 1,967 27 19 3,311 18 87 78 259 82 1,596 2,509 675 4,212 19 83 643 21 152 7,310 238 5,412 6,328 84 908 485 157 1,173 19 3,167 18 86 78 255 73 1,276 2,292 355 3,521 19 82 446 138 18 142 6,120 640 4,489 ■ 324 165 132 105 763 132 300 203 177 621 9 1,974 10 $1,278,842 49,931,036 32,074,382 17,856,654 5,123,737 1,840,270 1,060,488 4,614,886 65,017 16, 221 8,762,364 53,160 67,068 135,912 562,956 78,699 2,227,361 5,346,346 753,306 11,286,082 200,843 125, 125 1,510,274 303,534 36,878 410,087 17,041,395 72,652,771 * All other industries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts 1 Agricultvu-al implements 4 Artificial limbs 1 Artists' materials 1 Babbitt and white metal 2 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 3 Bells 3 Belting, leather 3 Belting and hose, rubber 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bluing 1 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boots and shoes, rubber 6 Boxes, cigar 3 Boxes, wooden packing 13 Brick, building and fire 34 Canned vegetables 6 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 3 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 8 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 4 Chemicals 2 Chocolate and cocoa products 1 Cleansing and polishmg preparations. 17 Combs and hairpins not made from metal or rubber 1 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels 3 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cotton lace 3 Cotton small wares 3 Crucibles 1 Dental goods 2 Druggists' preparations 2 DyestuSs and extracts 1 Emery and other abrasive wheels 2 Enameling 2 Engravers' materials 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 5 Fireworks 2 Flavoring extracts 7 Foundry supplies 2 Furs, dressed 1 Galvanizing 1 Gas and electric fixtures 7 Gas meters and water meters 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Glucose and starch 3 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Gold, leaf and foil 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, no t from the ore 3 Hair work 1 Hones and whetstones 1 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills .■ 1 Ink, writing 2 CITIES OF .60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. BEIDGEPOKT— Allindustries . . Bread and other bakery products — Carriages and wagons and materials . Confectionery, ice cream Copper, tin and sheet-iron work Corsets Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products . Hardware Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. 406 34,588 2C.9 808 2,548 921 30,042 54 5 6 7 8 383 83 42 88 4,768 58 4 9 6 1 9 4 4 9 40 18 3 6 4 186 9 1 3 5 107 289 71 21 65 4,435 7 1,916 26 148 62 1,681 5 6 5 33 101 314 12 1,569 5 1 6 13 8 16 2 26 5 13 81 268 6 1,342 89 87 38 8 3 8 4 899 87 291 39 2 1 7 4 26 g 12 2 32 9 21 3 26 1 5 2 814 68 246 28 10 6 26 43 13 6 12 34 2 1 41 6 388 678 34 30 21 76 64 33 28 215 565 No 300 Ap 79 Jy 34 Jy 73 Je 4,733 Mh 1,900 Ja 93 Ja 285 Jes 7 My 1,417 Ja Ja2 Au Oc Au3 Mh Se My 871 70 277 39 16 43 223 631 Au 28,926 Fe 276 De3 66 Mh 11 No 58 No 3,894 Se 1,660 My 71 De 225 Ja3 4 No 1,251 Jy Des De Mh Des De 766 67 217 20 10 28 30,899 i 21,700 1 Owned power only. Digitized by IVIiai^^ft® No 3 210 De 458 power, other than electric. 68 20 70 4,662 1,710 73 229 7 1,367 806 68 217 36 14 34 220 608 266 68 18 70 611 226 7 1,343 706 67 216 36 14 28 194 378 30 "2' 3,7%' 608 2 8,645 21 174 311 343 $81,482,899 397,242 185,218 120,261 232,401 5,389,757 4,386,879 103,640 1,025,860 6,991 4,565,540 1,388,760 786,314 404,089 56,993 22,925 21,566 773,460 618,110 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 205 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $58,791 644,198 636,570 7,628 63,831 19, 760 63,482 160,995 6,375 2,500 196,673 4,991 11,900 10,494 20,275 7,740 40,669 193,974 50,468 245, 369 27, 500 105 57,164 4,454 6,420 434,017 2,130,072 $30,964 964,539 961,991 2,548 218,578 53,087 111,450 117, 540 18,993 502,559 1,974 2,556 6,300 50,600 2,250 58,541 244,490 27,033 585,801 20,628 49,584 676 1,052 2,074 169,864 2,811,029 $404,936 5,606,338 5,517,641 88,697 671, 748 281,324 131,306 899, 173 10,790 16,578 1,921,778 11,220 60, 166 47, 574 140,909 46,185 1,068,406 1,468,599 228, 644 2,801,680 16,622 10, 825 350,062 76,221 10,446 86, 496 3,637,959 15,697,863 $18,985 702,973 701, 739 1,234 1,200 2,000 2,336 15,409 6,394 700 68,273 8,817 $4,700 106,953 103,683 3,270 3,091 2,400 11,640 907 1,020 102,449 240 7,555 2,100 3,207 176 41, 127 48, 146 901 46,200 180 6,090 1,427 1,264 1,030 52, 831 148,328 $4,423 157, 880 156, 735 1,145 21, 242 15, 583 11,574 29,815 169 131 85,650 314 1,903 2,144 626 227,460 84,830 4,567 39, 732 1,859 625 10,267 2,881 104 2,004 88,389 482,410 $1,055,788 18, 086, 763 18,078,429 8,334 1,680,708 4,522,322 758, 711 1,205,271 23, 817 6,995 2,532,723 10,227 22,388 32, 600 496, 520 51,017 1, 206, 431 1,33-3,633 369, 727 1,400,638 88, 173 41,767 640,692 107,474 14, 766 215,283 10,063,057 37, 463, 163 $12,269 319, 489 306,618 12,871 27,610 32,890 12, 152 71,508 372 173, 118 737 2,649 2,929 9,963 2,471 8,728 97, 133 10, 554 60, 577 1,837 1,599 21,957 5,603 594 12,784 340,241 1,356,708 $2,144,356 30,591,826 30,449,704 142, 121 3,296,024 5,216,272 1,672,123 2,902,305 65, 171 33,300 6,454,482 34, 893 134, 229 133,347 823,418 137, 738 3,149,301 4,184,636 1,039,705 7,178,293 215,316 95,617 1,329,713 246, 194 43,967 341, 189 16,577,549 76,631,611 $1,076,299 12, 185, 673 12,064,657 120,916 1, 587, 706 661, 060 901,260 1,626,626 40,510 26,933 3,748,641 23,929 109, 192 97, 818 316,935 84,250 1,934,142 2, 753, 769 659, 424 5, 717, 078 126,306 52,151 667,064 133,117 28, 607 113,122 6, 174, 251 36, 711, 750 408 11,160 10,403 757 1,991 596 300 8,134 7,619 615 1,748 388 108 1,945 1,935 10 18 173 168 4,606 4,586 20 743 302 ""io 35 1,081 949 132 205 636 2,362 569 1,420 '"'56' 40 85 27 807 442 287 38 20 8 10 10 5,297 31 97 44 340 10 1,250 31 33 44 124 "2,' 562' 66' 100 4,047 47 17 150 66 32 20 10 2 203 5,066 276 3,676 45 3,827 75 2,865 11 133 25 60 443 80 87 663 96 811 "i,m' 60 1,675 "'"'265' 45 603 644 40 306 240 5 1 239 131 66 165 99 980 311 132 454 83 106 1,491 17, 642 60,997 8 716 10,406 50, 415 33 ■""56' 1,608 29 715 6,423 3,897 36 60 763 6,077 '"2,'4iy' 15,833 10 11 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 6 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 4 Iron and steel, naUs and spikes, cut and wrought, includlog wire nails.. 3 Ivory, shell, and bone work 2 -Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Lapidary work 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Linen goo& 1 Lithographing 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 2 -Mucilage and paste 2 Nets and seines 2 Oil, essential 6 Optical goods 4 Ordnance and accessories 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic ...... 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Phonographs and graphophones 2 Photographic apparatus, cameras 1 Pottery 3 Printing and publishing, music 1 Pulp, from fiber other than wood 1 Pulp goods 1 Pumps, not including power pumps . . 1 Pumps, steam and other power 3 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Roofing materials, metal shingles, and ceilings 1 Saddlery and harness 7 Sand and emery paper and cloth 1 Saws 4 Scales and balances 1 Sewing machines and attachments ... 5 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties '1 SmeltiQgandrefiQing,notfrom theore 3 Sporting and athletic goods 3 Springs, steel and automobile 2 Steam packing 1 Stoves, gas and oil 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 2 Surgical appliances 7 Tinfoil 1 Trunks and valises 2 Umbrellas and canes 4 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 2 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wall paper, not made in paper mills . . 1 Wall plaster 2 Waste, cotton 1 Watch and clock materials 5 Watches 1 Window and door screens 3 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wire 6 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $2,719,868 $3,565,162 16,072 9,421 4,700 19,500 303,969 108,569 54, 781 41,705 207, 189 84,487 33,520 21,880 3,000 2,750 63,263 57, 713 $16,929,064 $214,481 $328,872 17,597 4,580 3,312 5,657 411,938 233,860 3,016 36, 152 140,388 65,358 15, 743 19,674 2,481 156 114,679 65,563 226, 733 45,978 16,180 56,915 1,639,333 807,697 45,402 173,629 2,172 827,638 462,497 60,689 183,663 25,696 7,863 22,973 173, 575 295,253 100 1,241 516 7,934 5,376 49,774 317 3,308 16,765 8,285 » Same number reported for olie oi 16,353 4,269 1,980 2,000 11,580 2,646 5,819 610 24,961 8,628 10, 544 1,770 600 2,260 $671,364 $43, 439, 662 4,004 3,058 1,146 1,350 44,314 29,406 741 6,662 26 32,077 6,4i2 94,642 1,645 248 331 182 4,844 $1,292,085 642,070 48,423 101,013 92, 578 4,590,143 2,175,497 52, 145 168,007 17, 431 1,146,111 602,933 264, 398 417, 540 34, 381 18,583 12,672 178,910 ;3l 19,645 2,483 2,153 940 25,631 40,698 6,335 10,733 790 82,518 17, 875 6,704 1,663 827 711 9,377 $85, 126, 193 $40,394,446 1, 149, 416 149, 196 161, 032 235, 005 7,639,753 4,284,412 190, 693 503, 503 29,325 2, 799, 297 1,513,613 678; 481 781, 866 48, 850 80,732 739,063 487,701 98, 290 57, 866 141,487 3,023,979 2,068,217 132, 213 324, 763 11, 104 1,670,668 889,789 408, 208 357, 622 52, 840 29,440 67,349 550, 776 874, 151 51,556 42,383 921 5 8,247 18,043 166 141 175 69 2,156 1,782 135 467 25 2,948 883 794 1,080 169 39 32 310 911 7 110 5 2 152 31 172 69 116 542 115 3' ""'944' 378 83' 2,136 ""167' 75 15 3 2,040 1,240 20 275 15 2,378 460 794 1,043 80 32 192 10 424 416 146 7 37 4 32 293 501 78 3 ""4i6' 17 faare number r eported throughout the year. 206 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS- MDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE rNDUSTRT. WAGE EAENEKS DEC. 16, OE NEAREST EEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 BKIDGEPORT— Continued. Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. 6 372 17 17 16 322 Ap 367 De 281 281 193 81 6 1 $488,006 2 4 232 2 12 2 4 212 Se 242 Do 172 172 44 125 3 388,590 S 19 155 70 22,188 22 70 3 471 2 1,843 "hhi' 43 19,234 No 57 Ja 30 47 20,052 41 10,082 4 3,631 1 203 1 136 54,449 60,066,908 i\ * All other industries embrace — Ammunition, cartridges Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal Belting, leather Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products- - Buttons Carpets and nigs, other than rag- - - . . f Carpets, rag Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and poUshing preparations. 3 Clothing, men's, youths', and boys'- - 2 Clothing, women's 3 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery 2 Cotton lace 1 Crucibles 1 Cutlery and edge tools 3 Druggists' preparations 1 Enameling 1 F ancy articles, metal novelties 1 Fertilizers 1 Flavoring extracts 1 FlouT-miJl and gristmill products 1 Fur goods i 1 Furniture, wood, and store and office fixtures 2 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gas machines 1- Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow, not Including lubri- cating greases 1 Hair work 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Hats, fur-felt. 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Ice, manufactured 1 HAETFOED— All industries - Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Clothing, women's, including con- tract work. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Foundry and machine-shop products- Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not Including paper patterns. Printing and publishing, book and job Job work only Bookpublishing and printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and pubUshing Publishing without printing Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified All other industries * 380 20,075 304 501 1,566 567 17,137 6 42 9 5 100 368 115 373 5 41 10 7 2 8 4 4 1 6 1 6 4 13 ...... 88 300 100 353 12 87 11 2 4 70 9 1,521 1 40 101 69 1,310 35 4 11 2,303 221 224 14 1 8 66 13 13 158 25 6 54 ...... 2, Oil 182 191 7 53 9 2 2 1 39 9 5 42 56 14 4 ""2 2 26 50 43 40 . 3 792 752 40 42 39 3 36 31 5 27 24 3 32 26 6 655 632 23 13 361 9 17 114 25 196 5 8 27 4 139 354 7 321 10 13,128 4 5 33 1 94 16 1 3 3 286 114 25 195 1 280 4 11,282 5 354 Ap 18,001 My Je Je3 Mh Ja 101 306 113 410 83 1,412 De 2,497 Se 189 Oc ' 203 Jy Jy3 De My Je 37 No 202 1 297 De' 6 Jy 1,790 Ap 177 Mh 176 De 21 Ja3 23 Oc 39 Au Mb' 614 15 Mh 8 186 A 254 Je3 3 17,985 97 305 101 407 70 1,315 2,503 182 192 38 644 15 201 200 1 6 11,523 15,071 |2,720 95 257 101 138 728 2,501 182 191 38 477 12 187 186 1 227 6 9,777 268 1 543 2 167 164 3 4 4 '"'72 102 92 13 31 $53,824,608 229, 288 388,285 193,584 197,212 111,367 2,934,218 9,247,610 1,830,927 427, 723 63,335 76,244 36,288 1,011,001 917,836 93,165 818,287 813,262 5,025 747,649 24,023 35,487,567 * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Belting, leather Bookbmding and blank-book making. Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Brick Brooms, from broom com Brushes 3 Carpets, rag 1 Cars, and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cars, and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 2 Clothing, men's and youths' 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 4 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery and ice cream 3 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels ... 1 Dental goods 1 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Eng^a^^ng, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 2 Engraving, wood 2 Envelopes 1 Fertilizers 1 Firearms 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-miJl and gristmill products 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Fur goods 3 Furniture, wood, and store and office fixtures 2 Furs, dressed 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 GlasSjCutting, staining, ornamenting . 2 Gold, leaf and foil 2 Hand stamps 1 Hardware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool i 1 Owned power only. Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 207 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. ^ Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $37,869 23,400 2,616 1,623,564 $25,953 9,261 300 2,389,704 $149,918 99,685 27,394 11,577,291 $200 65 126 145,524 $6,240 960 3,134 193,569 $5,117 8,865 8,938 412,438 $245,802 315,717 29,630 31,656,447 $14,913 2,985 138 996?661 $527,627 427,111 87, 355 61,370,083 $266,912 108, 409 57,687 28,816,975 531 93 275 64 256 23 4 2 1 6 2 38,660 33,140 464 3 5,053 14,296 4 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling millR 2 Iron and steel, bolts, buts, washers, and nvets 1 Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 5 Jewelry 1 Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Lamps 3 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Mattresses and spring beds 3 Millinery and lace goods 4 Ordnance and accessories 1 Paints 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . 1 Patent medicines and compoimds 4 Paving materials I Phonographs and graphophones 1 Photo-engravmg 2 Pickles and preserves 1 Plated ware 6 Printing materials 1 Saddlery and harness 1 2 Screws, machine Screws, wood Sewing machines Shipbuilding, iron and steel.. Shirts Show cases. . Silk goods, finished products. . . Silversmithing and silverware - Springs, steel, car and carriage Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 1 Stniotural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified 4 Toys and games 2 Typewriters and typewriter ribbons- 3 Umbrellas and canes 2 Varnishes 2 Wall plaster 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable 2 Wood, turned and carved 1 $1,491,102 SI, 863, 436 $11,312,005 $57,284 $271,541 $643,047 $16,803,693 $840,162 $42,831,350 $25,187,495 22,390 10,456 212 11,722 3,260 1 4,100 8,142 8,280 7,400 1,820 161,973 235,510 36,878 31,463 4,200 2,844 12,583 1,040 6,750 2,274 148,006 159,653 44,549 8,545 3,875 1,560 59,394 217,937 73,845 142,201 53,473 717,308 1,518,955 190,539 146,296 28,716 16,762 46,897 394,333 384,441 9,892 156,743 155,535 208 207,924 3; 405 7,338,337 828 17,493 1,364 4,017 2,276 21,100 30,817 884 3,054 1,867 1,599 649 22,182 44,151 285,655 3,505 485 373 134 8,341 8,081 260 6,162 6,152 10 41,107 205 222,694 99,361 703,640 124,582 214, 111 78,863 961,429 1,179,889 577,685 262,502 47,254 32,673 10,633 479,605 463,825 15,780 179,733 179,583 150 285,052 3,653 11,573,028 8,804 22,210 2,699 3,415 1,170 37,547 81,089 35,947 9,842 1,937 926 1,673 10,820 10,672 148 12,432 12,392 40 719 190 608,742 ■237,507 1,177,905 252,605 476,989 168,265 2,752,250 4,106,520 1,458,887 533,644 111,787 88,608 85,476 1,353,364 1,283,502 69,862 891,354 876,403 14,951 661,037 19,066 28,456,086 129,342 452,055 125,324 259,463 '88,232 1,763,274 2,845,542 845,265 261,300 62,596 55,009 73,170 862,939 809,005 53,934 699,189 684,428 14,761 375,266 15,223 16,274,316 113 204 66 63 20 914 2,624 963 844 165 28 51 501 496 5 473 470 3 6 6 15,359 113 204 41 53 20 539 2,184 118 439 68 25 51 417 412 5 423 420 3 2,84 340 30 "2," 606' Q 150 25 4 ii fi 6,231 7,236 2,248 375 415 845 395 95 7 25 8 6,385 2,310 1,716 2,535 32,979 31.659 1,320 20,194 19,294 900 7,152 955 119,420 10 2 3 10 11 12 6,300 72,880 67,460 5,420 41,906 41,500 406 2,392 4,100 863,758 47,199 42,244 4,955 102,001 102,001 11,551 1,823 9,728 13,095 4,932 8,163 80 80 4 4 14 15 16 50 50 17 18 4,700 597 1,317,260 20 2,898 13,875 6 7,015 ■"l 8,226 118 22: Horseshoes Hosiery and knit goods Ink, writing Instruments, professional and scien- tific Iron and steel forgings, not made in steelworks orrolEng mills Iron and steel, cut nails, not made in steelworks or rolling nulls Jewelry. Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet Leather goods, 1 ' ' lithographing not elsewhere specified Looking-glass and picture frames 3 ■ Mattresses and spring beds 2 Millinery, trimming hats, and bat frames 1 Mucilage, and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musicalinstruments, organs 1 Optioalgoods 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Patent medicines and compounds 4 Photo-engraving 3 Pickles and sauces 1 Plated ware 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Pottery 2 Pumps, steam 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Sausage 1 Screws, machine 1 Screws, wood 1 Sewing machines 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 2 Stencils and brands 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Structural ironwork, not m^de in steel works or rolling mills 2 Surgical appliances 1 Tjrpewriters 2 Window and door screens 3 Wirework, barbed vrire 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 1 ' Same number reported for one or more other mouths. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 208 MANUFACTURES -CONNECTICUT. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS « DTOTTSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. IB, OE NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, supfir- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. caerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB, MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 iraiW BRITAIN— All industries Bread and other bakery products 120 15,884 88 261 752 463 14,320 Fe 14,947 De 13,541 14,636 11,718 2,866 32 20 J34,229,694 •> 18 5 6 4 9 6 5 7 10 51 142 27 14 16 1,290 6,090 10 51 76 8,168 19 5 7 4 1 2 6 7 10 27 1 1 1 ■7 1 1 1 41 198 114 20 6 11 1,148 5,419 4 35 65 7,498 Mh 121 Je 23 Au- 7 De 16 Ja 1,248 My 5,541 Au3 8 Ap 41 Je3 68 No 104 De' 18 My 5 5 Mh 8 De 1,076 Oc 5,204 De= 2 Se' 32 No 62 114 20 8 12 1,160 .5,465 35 66 7,752 108 20 8 12 1,142 4,504 4 25 49 5,846 6 190,946 56,917 7,625 8,796 3,643,402 13,364,899 12,850 59,373 40,310 16,844,476 s 4 "i Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products . 6 7 47 88 53 383 17 958 ...„ 1 8 9 10 Printing and publishing, book and job Tobacco, cigars 5 1 119 1 3 8 14 1,863 2 1 26 ■"2" 17 11 All other industries * 313 211 * All other industries embrace — Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 3 Brass and bronze products 3 Brick 2 Brooms, from broom com 1 Brushes 1 Cars, and general shop construction, and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 Fur ^oods 1 Furniture, metal 1 Gas, illuminating and heating. Hand stamps Hardware, saddlery Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry Liquors, malt IIEW HAVEN— All industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bread, and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Clothing, men's, including shirts Confectionery, ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Boiler and machine shops Furniture •. Hats and caps other than felt, straw, and wool. Jewelry Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, book and j ob. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco manufactures Tool% not elsewhere specified All other industries * 12 36 31 9 22 5 45 6 208 524 57 79 145 97 106 749 265 484 223 100 13 153 220 46 641 346 286 60 49 833 408 23,927 51 1 139 1,831 19 17 1 69 146 130 16 17 17 1,438 1,057 6 9 841 24,993 494 374 46 63 97 77 82 637 252 385 192 76 7 123 187 25 25 31 362 118 118 747 364 20,829 No 25,644 Au 619 Au 389 Jy« 51 De3 71 Je 121 Au Au 92 Se3 Fe Ja' Mh Jy Oc My Aus l?y 268 438 202 7 126 203 35 37 334 De 121 Oc Oc Ap 45 766 373 A u 24,225 De 378 Fe Oc Ja8 Ja De' De» No No Au Jy3 No Ja Ja Fe« No 3 Au 359 35 32 78 79 222 295 183 68 7 118 165 15 29 340 Au 8 117 My.. Je' Jy3 726 356 25,991 380 387 46 73 87 80 637 252 79 7 126 187 24 24 29 368 118 38 747 364 21,930 19,398 6,018 373 321 46 30 65 32 636 252 384 191 6 126 185 281 116 116 577 354 15, 803 167 8 5,584 334 $65,746,024 1,563,168 718,908 76,370 47,761 377,624 102,298 121,182 1,587,773 227,711 1,360,062 113,412 93,457 27,945 1,955,693 605,887 78,946 63,740 76,715 982,687 515,914 489,981 25,933 46,350 907,201 817,624 54,867,379 *A11 other industries embrace — Ammunition 1 Artificial stone products 4 Automobile repairing 6 Awnings, tents, and sails 3 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 3 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, pa^er 5 Brass and bronze products 4 Brick and tile, fire brick and stove lining 2 Brushes 2 Buttons 1 Canned vegetables 1 Carriages and sleds, children's . . . 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies '. _. -. 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 4 Cheese 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations . 4 Clocks 1 Clothing, women's 2 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Confectionery Corsets Dental goods Dyeing and finishing textiles Electroplating Engraving and dlesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing Envelopes Fancy articles, paper novelties Fertilizers Files Firearms Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Fur goods Galvanizing Gas, illuminating and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting Glucose and starch Hand stamps Hardware Hardware, saddlery Hats, fur-felt.. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, and rivets. Iron and steel forgings, not' made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 209 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. OfBcials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Sent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 "Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $739,052 $1,258,009 $7,354,781 $13,414 $33,558 $383,814 $7,767,392 $617,250 $23,227,004 $14,842,362 17,137 15,823 76 1,238 6,366 1 632 2,928 1,431 600 103 72,239 611,710 77,657 15,854 3,133 6,900 821,640 2,826,785 2,550 20,183 37,970 3,542,109 5,848 312 1,250 1,131 8,311 930 276 3,240 1,410 10,850 1,146 381 66 20 26,036 123,732 135 260 8,012 225,026 209,640 22,624 11,202 9,780 408,342 2,838,032 4,655 19,498 45,844 4,197,775 7,722 599 392 40 70,548 186,844 211 639 140 350,115 367.242 49; 568 21,907 23,264 1,868,323 8,938,293 12,793 63,151 107,062 11,775,401 149,880 26,345 10,313 13,444 1,389,433 5,913,417 7,927 43,014 61,078 7,227,511 73 12 14 2 1,331 5,929 10 30 1 9,735 73 12 14 2 343 15 10 30 1 738 ■■■■477" 3,195 "2,mi 9. 275 100 ^ 4 5 118,020 201,822 9,519 988 5,914 fi 7 ^ 6,500 1,100 410,978 5,304 620 q 10 563,794 3,000 8,921 76 U Lumber, planing-mill products, not Includrag planmg mUls connected with sawmills 2 Marble and stone work 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 3 Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals 4 Pumps, not including power pumps.. 1 Screws, wood 1 Shirts 1 Silversmithing and silverware 1 Stamped ware, not elsewhere specified. 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water beating apparatus, all other. . 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tools, carpenters' not elsewhere spec- ified 1 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 $2,114,420 12,586,514 $14,462,085 $294,783 $241,752 $783,463 $26,035,082 $1,281,737 $57,751,729 $30,434,910 38,180 28,651 4,090 425 5,014 14,770 1 89,415 34,296 5,830 46,373 41,577 1,352 3,250 12,334 2,207 9,513 35,499 3,630 31,869 6,358 13,874 379,351 232,502 33,793 28,197 71,512 38,543 28, 148 420,123 159,559 260,564 35,004 47,380 6,407 122,343 127,609 23,614- 16,284 18,950 227, 508 112,797 112,797 11,377 20,070 1,140 2,820 4,899 3,060 1,960 14,386 10,335 6,839 624 188 2^972 521 843 13,605 2,402 11,203 571 420 23 223,316 6,054 678 137 703 7,753 1,650 1,532 118 368 110,075 4,844 372,944 591,460 837,103 38,585 61,724 114,463 66,134 156,031 498,755 100,390 398,365 88,824 105,427 12,070 317,885 398,093 ■ 17,669 65,212 34,668 201,897 202,845 193,188 9,657 68,238 565,381 126,960 21,465,658 20,287 28,774 1,391 979 13,300 939 5,187 40,771 15,895 24,876 4,192 1,199 207 24,135 5,200 1,861 1,005 1,628 10,728 8,869 8,853 16 1,042 3,112 13,532 1,093,399 1,378,504 1,526,129 97,084 109,882 351,951 142,403 319,928 1,256,846 338,565 918,281 208,729 247,777 31, 110 1,302,761 635,352 67,832 104,500 73,449 849, 751 815,686 644,324 171,362 113,482 1,433,438 549,233 46,135,902 766,757 660,252 57, 108 47,179 224,188 75,330 158,710 717,320 222, 280 495,040 115, 713 141,151 IS, 833 960,741 232,059 48,302 38,283 37,153 637,126 603,972 442,283 161, 689 44,202 864,945 408,741 23,576,845 944 317 32 19 307 22 112 1,335 165 1,170 333 15 7 640 853 79 37 28 276 308 308 609 60 170 2 165 255 32 15 192 22 100 375 285 63 20 43 90' 36' 30 2 3 4 156 2,866 4,000 ■■■'iis' 4 27,009 10,920 8,300 86,224 17,880 68,344 23,267 4,952 1,820 36,439 22,652 4,810 2,364 6 7 667 12 910 165 745 125 21,790 155 21,635 1,000 SO 9 10 14,386 3,660 4,612 1,746 50 14 375 194 15 7 55 36 30 37 20 276 163 163 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 25,844 6,289 624 400 1,200 75,665 117,343 100,240 17,103 3,292 36,203 30,419 2,116,998 585 725 238 2,980 i2,i39 830 1,686 1,068 17,479 12,355 10,258 2,097 1,042 12,264 4,655 108,504 92 49 8 59,333 53,865 31,044 22,821 1,600 14,878 47,450 1,578,996 124,629 70,838 4,768 66,070 20 145 145 23 26,470 524,086 240, 990 11,700,474 49 26 497 31,944 '25,'365' 16 1 10 3,674 ■■'425' 33 25 487 2,48» 'i4,'362' 3,600 485 61,534 25 26 27 Lamps, automobile 2 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Lithographing 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Mucuage and paste 1 Musical instruments, violins and other stringed instruments 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Paper and wood pulp 2 ■Paper goods, not elsewhere specified.. 2 Patent medicines and compounds 9 Paving materials 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Photo-engraving 1 Pickles and sauces 4 Plated ware, knives, forks, spoons 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Prmting and publishing, music 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Sand and emery paper and cloth 1 Sausage 3 Saws 1 Scales and balances 1 Screws, machine 4 Sewing machines and attachments ... 2 Shipbuilding, small boats and repair work 3 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Silk goods, finished products 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Smelting and refining, not from the „ore 2 Soap 1 Sprmgs, steel, automobile 1 Stamped ware, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Statuary and art goods 3 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 3 Stereotyping and electrotyping 3 Surgical appliances 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 2 Trunks and valises ] 1 Wall plaster !!.!!!!!! 1 Window shades and fixtures... " 1 Wire 1 Wirework '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 3 Wood, turned and carved '.['.'. 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 1 a Same number reported for one or more other months. 82101°— 18- -14 * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 210 MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND CITT. Nmn- berof estab- Ush- ments. PEBS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EABNEES DEC. 15, OE NEAEEST EEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and flmi mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 WATERBUKY-AII industries. . . . Brass, bronze," and copper products... Bread, and other bakery products Confectionery and ice cream . - 190 21,904 119 357 858 381 20,189 1 Ap 20,855 Au 19,612 20,309 15,309 4,729 158 113 $50,288,118 2 3 4 16 27 8 6 23 7 17 15 71 10,658 164 27 878 2,050 46 241 62 7,778 1 31 7 ...... 8 12 16 41 119 3 2 21 73 3 13 1 122 422 4 ■■■■-■ 73 9 27 2 302 106 5 1 17 44 1 16 "i9i' 10,010 121 17 821 1,857 25 173 43 7,122 Ap 10,359 Jys 129 Au3 20 Ja 874 Ja 2,103 Se 39 Je 8 176 De 45 No 9,733 Fe 113 Ap3 16 Se 781 Au 1,653 Dea 13 No 3 170 Ja3 42 10,149 121 18 796 1,865 25 174 45 7,116 8,606 112 14 448 1,694 25 150 42 4,218 1,484 4 4 348 157 35 5 24 28,125,784 172,688 23,683 1,867,137 4,023,585 73,316 377,763 40,466 15,583,696 5 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Foundry and machine-shop products. 6 7 10 4 s PriTitmg flTifl pnhlitjhiTig 21 1 2,710 3 2 103 "85' 9 10 AU other industries *.. . * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and sails Bluing Boot and shoe findings Boxes and cartons, paper Buttons Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations . 1 Cheese _. . 1 Clocks 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Electroplating 2 Enameling 1 Engraving and diesinking 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Fur ^oods ; 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases I Hosiery and knit goods 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Ansonia Bristol Danbuky Meriden MiDDLETO'WN. Naugatuck. . New London NOEWALK Norwich Stamfobd TOEEtNGTON. . Wilumantic, 42 4,882 34 81 376 79 4,312 90 4,632 68 112 192 80 4,180 126 5,948 103 136 313 92 5,304 127 9,332 87 278 526 275 8,166 72 2,707 56 65 144 53 2,389 28 3,759 15 60 121 24 3,539 80 2,445 64 74 96 57 2,154 107 5,477 92 136 183 103 4,963 105 4,460 80 94 146 66 4,074 83 6,856 59 173 736 165 5,723 54 5,429 67 89 214 95 4,974 51 3,845 45 62 136 95 3,507 Mh 4,551 Mh 4,377 Mh 6,687 Mh 8,598 mI 2,523 3,903 2,327 Mh 5,088 Mh 4,146 Mh 6,326 Fe 5,248 Ja 3,777 De 4,035 Au 3,959 My 4,903 Jy 7,484 De 2,299 Au 1,569 No 1,835 Jy 4,782 Ja 3,841 De 5,106 Se 4,751 No 3,180 4,045 3,553 440 22 30 4,069 3,223 778 28 42 5,414 3,795 1,558 36 25 8,084 6,382 1,572 6V 63 2,354 1,667 653 16 18 3,744 2,255 1,455 12 22 1,959 1,273 677 6 3 5,012 2,949 1,887 79 97 4,078 3,042 926 47 63 5,216 4,498 635 60 23 5,113 4,312 660 69 72 3,401 1,787 1,518 36 60 $12,168,132 11,908,966 7,699,724 19,757,384 5,981,933 7,950,450 6,646,734 7,869,519 10,548,697 16,893,862 16,363,311 12,005,290 1 Owned power only. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— CONNECTICUT. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 211 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines .2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1,077,688 $1,365,876 402, 195 2,600 2,340 61,132 201, 154 2,720 26,343 1,040 378,264 $11,502,804 664,333 4,606 565 32,774 126,318 3,700 492,802 5,818,431 91,732 9,960 357,980 1,161,062 11,155 148, 133 27,911 3,876,450 $35,059 125 485 500 33 12,826 '2i,"696' $133,094 21,554 8, 752 8,193 6,000 18,923 1,680 10,340 3,116 54,636 $470, 2''9 $30,319,816 175, 485 1,570 207 13,203 28,182 956 3,209 5,591 241,836 $1,297,1 23,286,880 311, 755 49, 561 466, 144 1,279,765 39,135 108,104 30,495 4,748,977 952,434 12,864 636 20,182 56,923 1,815 6,946 373 245,845 $50,659,162 $19,041,448 32,624,187 658, 857 103,541 1,184,209 3,382,471 81, 849 426, 149 84,057 12,213,842 8,386,873 234, 238 63,444 697,903 2,045,783 40,899 311,099 53, 189 7,219,020 46,714 29,347 3,101 1,025 13,241 21,665 33,637 74 34 866 4,266 37 233 20,377 3,000 630 9,630 ■ 74 28 465 1,340 27 135 16,472 ih' 1,977 56" ■■■■375' 2,701 6 15 9 ■2i5' 10 80 18 7,579 5,814 63 170 1,542 3,151 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Iron and steel torginEs, not made in steel works and rolling mills 2 Jewelry 3 Lamps 1 Liquors, malt 2 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills 4 Marble and stone work 3 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Needles, pins,_ and hooks and eyes 2 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Silversmithing and silverware 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Watches I Wirework 3 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $297,423 297,413 272,205 609,097 194,358 143, 722 154,660 316, 106 232,181 496,678 268, 144 169,524 $489,436 262,315 306,507 915,614 163,713 135,509 109, 196 302,332 206,029 864,931 327, 142 239,391 $2, 412, 166 2,375,259 2,967,149 4,696,173 $1,176 4,832 1,459 20,702 $8,024 8,481 44,009" 39,341 $122,412 109,892 49,971 209,574 1,221,651 2,017,474 1,085,212 2,458,855 2,687 3,274 134,630 1,988 18,408 16,539 32,555 55,860 34,891 71,336 28,531 34,282 2,154,306 3,202,325 2,648,735 1,538,327 113,823 18, 194 1,725 78,772 41,226 52,213 117,394 14,730 76,563 88,782 94, 128 92, 813 S16, 756, 144 3,697,323 6,578,191 6, 787, 266 3,121,326 4,758,769 2,740,544 4,102,010 4.179,516 6,121,610 8,823,626 4,470,681 $456,413 209, 163 235, 450 248, 135 136,676 192,527 90, 367 217, 289 326,982 251,934 340,981 114, 409 $21,499,441 7,898,287 10,601,841 16,746,924 5,642,667 9,574,602 4,940,004 9,009,401 8,470,767 12,963,860 14,314,822 9,564,200 $4,287,884 3,991,811 4,788,200 9,710,623 2,384,765 4,623,306 2,109,093 4,690,102 3,965,269 6,590,316 5,150,216 4,979,110 14, 494 7,131 6,802 8,045 4,569 7,510 3,799 4,705 13,537 7,677 8,445 9,946 11,825 4,620 4,947 5,101 2,668 6,941 2,077 3,273 8,410 6,362 6,519 7,065 1,284 1,753 32 224 53 48 193 214 116 5 1,059 307 130 643 430 25 326 3,970 110 2,780 326 451 1,693 2,177 1,450 131 1,668 1,058 964 1,101 1,701 4,586 3,786 796 1,691 507 2,629 182 701 1,436 2,236 1,420 1,191 1 Includes rented power, other than electric. 2 Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® DELAWARE. By e. E. Kinney. GENERAL STATISTICS; General cliaracter of the state. — ^Delaware is one -of the original thirteen states. Its gross area is 2,370 square miles, of which 1,965 represent land sur- face. The inhabitants of the state in 1900 numbered 184,735, and in 1910, 202,322, and its estimated popu- lation in 1914 was 209,817. In area and in population Delaware ranked forty-seventh among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked tenth, with 103 inhabitants per square mile. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and other incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more, was 97,085, or 48 per cent of the total, as against 46.4 per cent in 1900. In 1914 there was one city estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants, namely, Wilmington. This city, whose estimated population in 1914 was 92,057, formed 43.9 per cent of the estimated total population of Dela- ware and reported 70.3 per cent of the state's manu- factured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 335, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 86. The Delaware River and the Atlantic Ocean, forming the eastern Ijoundary of the state, afford excellent shipping facili- ties. In addition, the canal connections with Chesa- peake Bay are an important factor in the transporta- tion system of the state. The total value of farm crops grown in 1909 was $9,121,809, of which more than one-half, $4,692,329, represented cereals. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Measured by the value of its manufactured products, Delaware ranked forty-second among the states in 1914 as com- pared with forty-first in 1909. In both years the state held thirty-eighth place in the average number of wage earners employed. The manufactures of the state represented about the same proportion of the total value of the production of the United States at the last three censuses, two-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914, and three-tenths of 1 per cent both in 1909 and 1904. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state of Delaware, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANTJFACTUEING INDUSTEIES, 19U 1909 1904 1899 PER CENT OF INCKEASE.l 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials - Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) , 25,533 735 2,643 22, 165 64,403 869,323,927 14,781,728 3,399,568 11,382,160 113,869 702, 252 31,649,265 56,034,966 24,385,701 726 23,984 722 2,024 21,238 52,779 $60,905,671 12,617,926 2,322,329 10,296,596 95,087 438, 203 30,937,801 52,839,619 21, 901, 818 631 20,567 641 1,461 18,475 49,490 ((50,925,630 9,787,464 1,629,251 8, 158, 203 128,266 3 207, 486 24,883,806 41, 160, 276 16,276,470 « 1,189 20,562 40, 134 $38,791,402 9,793,966 1,336,963 8,467,003 24,726,317 41,321,061 16,696,744 11.3 6.6 1.8 30.6 4 3 22.0 13.8 17.1 46.4 10.6 19.8 60.3 2.3 6.0 11.3 16.1 16.6 12.6 39.5 16.0 6.6 19.6 28.9 42.6 26.2 -26.9 -0.3 22.0 -10.1 23.3 31.3 -0.1 21.9 -3.5 24.3 28.4 34.6 0.6 -0.4 -1.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. The figures in the preceding table show that there was a general increase in the manufactures of the state from 1909 to 1914, but that the period of greatest de- velopment was from 1904 to 1909. The total number of establishments reported at the census of 1914 repre- sented an increase of 82, or 11.3 per cent, over 1909, due chiefly to the increase in the canning and preserv- ing and in the foundry and machine-shop industries. During the same period, salaried employees and wage earners increased 6.6 per cent, and salaries and wages 17.1 per cent, while the value of P^^^|f/f^|f^^ MlWdidft^ $3,195,347, or 6 per cent. The value added by manu- facture, which is the best measure of the net wealth created by manufactm-ing operations, shows a decrease of 1.9 per cent from 1899 to 1904, but for the other two five-year periods 190^1909 and 1909-1914 this item increased 34.6 per cent and 11.3 per cent, respectively. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives the per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from (213) 214 MANFFACTUEES— DELAWAKE. Table 3 CENSUS OF 1914. PER CENT or INCREASE 1 INDUSTRY. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 808 22,165 100.0 $66,034,966 100.0 $24,385,701 100.0 4.3 15.0 -10.1 6.0. 28.4 -0.4 11.3 34.6 -1.9 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished . Foundry and machine-shop products. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 20 51 3 3 100 7 8 19 6 60 18 3 67 102 64 6 8 9 3 5 6 18 10 224 2,382 2,622 2,110 2,059 1,831 591 892 125 818 127 525 118 267 786 360 138 125 64 496 234 347 161 45 5,052 10.7 11.4 9.5 9.3 8.3 2.7 4.0 0.6 3.7 0.6 2.4 0.5 1.2 3.5 1.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 2.2 1.1 1.6 0.7 0.2 22.8 9,183,205 6,120,441 4,944,309 3,551,424 3,361,008 2,483,785 2,144,603 1,710,741 1,669,004 1,483,410 1,390,924 975,346 953,936 828,760 675,553 602,823 670,426 610,036 505, 668 324,067 294,658 293,660 242,096 11,216,083 16.4 10.9 8.8 6.3 6.0 4.4 3.8 3.1 3.0 2.6 2.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 20.0 2,709,161 2,978,518 2,161,459 1,787,616 1,003,304 730,636 1,117,039 211,717 736,900 280,810 844,046 713,992 332,413 -483,809 464,089 265,252 365,416 128,299 191,994 114,338 163,117 236,054 59,168 6,307,665 11.1 12.2 8.9 7.3 4.1 3.0 4.6 0.8 3.0 1.2 3.5 2.9 1.4 2.0 1.9 1.1 1.6 0.6 O.S 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.2 26.9 -21.8 14.1 26.7 36.0 33.7 8.2 148.5 7.4 -5.1 7.7 13.7 16.4 -5.8 -23.3 52.4 -24.0 28.0 36.3 9.2 59.6 8.4 107.8 26.5 -2.7 -15.3 32.6 23.3 27.2 -36.8 42.8 17.8 6.6 0.8 108.7 9.0 -7.9 9.9 53.8 -31.1 25.2 26.0 36.6 81.6 3.7 147.7 60.4 12.3 11.5 191.0 29.8 10.3 -31.3 37.8 68.0 6.3 3.4 43.9 -1.4 3.7 18.5 64.7 ranniTiE; and presBrving -0.2 21.3 20.3 19.1 ii.6 Pulp goods Slaughtering and meat paoMng Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mill.*; 15.2 -8.6 114.3 10.3 13.7 -33.0 28.8 32.7 1.5 -29.2 14.2 7.4 14.0 -49.5 43.6 -0.2 13.5 56 9 Flour-mill and gristmill products Tobacco, cigars and snuffl 32.1 2.9 15.9 79.2 "i.'s' -29.9 4.1 14.0 63.1 23.4 35.7 14.4 -5.7 22.3 66.8 18.3 Bread and other bakery products 11.8 10.0 Oil, not"elsewliere specified Oaq, illTiTniTis^tiTig auH hfinting -2.3 -52.2 0.8 56.8 -40.7 12.6 19.3 131.7 51.7 52.5 -49.8 -31.0 43.4 -68.5 16.0 36.4 388.2 26.5 25.5 Fertilizers -10.1 52.3 0.7 -44.5 -306.1 Trfwiery and Tmit £;nof1s. . . , —40.0 Fnmi'shing gnnds, men's Baskets, an3 rattan and willow ware. . Tcft, mannfactnrnd -17.4 57.3 140.5 -8.3 34.1 7.7 323.1 100.0 -12.0 126.8 11.3 62.6 -10.3 248.6 103.5 Butter... 1 1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 23; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100; orwhere comparable figures can cot be given. Separate statistics are presented for 23 industries, or industry groups, for which products valued at more than $200,000 were reported in 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding $5,000,000 in value, 9 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 12 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head " all other indus- tries," which have products in excess of some of those shown in the table, but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, are the following: Belting and hose, rubber; dental goods; dyeing and finishing textiles; explosives; jute goods; paints; shipbuilding, iron and steel; silk goods; stamped and enameled ware; stdphuric, nitric, and mixed acids; and wall paper. The dyeing and finishing of textiles is the most important of these industries. The industries in the table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners, or value added by manufacture. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished ranked first in value of products but second in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture. Foundries and machine shops, sec- ond in value of products, ranked first in number of wage earners and in value added by manufactm-e. The construction of steam-railroad cars and the steam- railroad repair shops held the same relative rank in average number of wage earners, vi~ and value added by manufacture. Canning and pre- serving, fifth in average number of wage earners and value of products, was sixth in value added by manu- facture. Paper and wood pulp, sixth in value of prod- ucts, was ninth in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. In rank, according to value of products, there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, the tanning and finishing of leather, foundries and ma- chine shops, the construction of cars for steam-rail- road use, and steam-railroad repair shops held the same rank in value of products at both censuses. Canning and preserving and paper and pulp mills reversed the order of their importance, while flour mills and grist- mills, which held eighth place in 1909, dropped to tenth place in 1914. For the remainder of the industries there were slight changes from the earlier census to the later. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^Establish- ments engaged primarily in the manufacture of leather, as well as those treating hides and skins for others, are included in this classification. Measured by value of products this is the most important indus- try in Delaware. The value of the leather tanned and finished in 1914 represented 16.4 per cent of the total manufactures of the state. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the number of estabhshments en- gaged in the industry increased by 4, but there was /\l^/0^®6^®24 per cent in the total value of products, MANUFACTURES— DELAWARE. 215 of 21.8 per cent in the average number of wage earners, and of 31.1 per cent in tlie value added by manufacture. The industry is centrahzed in Wilmington, where 18 of the 20 tanneries reported for the state are located. Foundry and machine-shop products. — This industry includes, for purposes of comparison with prior cen- suses, estabhshments engaged in automobile repair- ing and in the manufacture of structural ironwork; plumbers' supplies; steam fittings and heating appa- ratus; steam, gas, and water engines; and hardware. The combined industry ranks first in nimiber of wage earners, employing 11.4 per cent of the total wage earn- ers in all industries of the state. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a much larger increase in all items than in the period 1904-1909. The average number of wage earners increased 14.1 per cent from 1909 to 1914, while from 1904 .to 1909 there was a decrease of 5. 1 per cent ; the value of products increased 28 per cent from 1909 to 1914 as against 6.6 per cent from 1904 to 1909; and the value added by manufac- tm"e increased 25.2 per cent from 1909 to 1914 as against 6.3 per cent from 1904 to 1909. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies and Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs iy steam-railroad companies. — These two branches of industry are closely alhed. Com- bined, they gave employment to an average of 4,169 wage earners during 1914, or an increase of 30.1 per oent; their value of products amounted to $8,495,733, or 23.5 per cent" increase; and their value added by manufacture was $3,948,975, or 30.6 per cent increase. Canning and preserving. — ^This industry depends entirely upon the agricultural and fishing products for its raw materials. It includes the canning and pre- serving of fruits, vegetables, and fish, and the manu- facture of pickles, preserves, and sauces. Since 1850 the industry has steadily increased in importance until in 1914 it held fifth place among the industries of the state as measiu'ed by value of products. From 1909 to 1914 the average number of wage earners increased 33.7 per cent; value of products, 59.6 per cent; and the value added by maniifacture, 81.6 per cent. Paper and wood pulp. — Mills which manufactm-e paper exclusively, pulp as a final product, or both paper and pulp, are included in this classification. The average number of wage earners employed in the mills shows an increase of 8.2 per cent from 1909 to 1914 as compared with a decrease for the preceding five-year period. The increase in value of products and in value added by manufacture was less for the period 1909 to 1914 than for the preceding five years. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows for 1914 and 1909 the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the aver- age number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the " Explanation of terms. " Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTJ- FACTUEING INDHSTKIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 25,533 23,984 20,813 19,972 4,720 4,012 81.5 83.3 18.5 16.7 Proprietors and officials 1,533 1,388 1,493 1,356 40 32 97.4 97.7 2.6 2.3 Proprietors and Arm members. . Salaried officers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 735 711 722 701 311 300 240 235 487 482 426 420 1,845' 1,399 1,368 1,111 22,155 17,921 21,238 17,505 24 21 11 5 5 6 446 247 4,234 3,733 96.7 97.1 96.5 97.9 99.0 98.6 75.8 81.8 80.9 82.4 3.3 2.9 3.5 2.1 1.0 1.4 24.2 18.2 19.1 17.6 21,776 20,709 379 529 17,744 17,205 177 300 4,032 3,504 202 229 81.5 83.1 46.7 56.7 18.5 Under 16 years of age . 16.9 53.3 43.3 Males largely predominate in all classes of em- ployees, except wage earners under 16 years of age in 1914, but they represent a decreasing proportion of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in 1914 as compared with 1909. Women constituted 24.2 per cent of the clerks and other subordinate salaried employees in 1914 as against 18.2 per cent in 1909, and their proportion of the total wage earners employed increased from 17.6 per cent in 1909 to 19.1 per cent in 1914. More than one-half of the 379 children employed in the factories of the state in 1914 were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage oarners for individual industries will be found in Table 24. Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. The table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, except wage earners under 16 years of age. Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees and wage earn- ers over 16 years of age, the two classes in which . women represented any considerable proportion, show a much higher rate of increase for females than for males. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 35.9 per cent, was for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, but this class repre- sented only 7.2 per cent of the total nimiber of persons Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 216 MANUFACTUEES— DELAWAEE. employed in all industries ia 1914. Wage earners total number of persons engaged in manufacturing over 16 years of age represented 85.3 per cent of the industries in the state in 1914 and 86.3 per cent in 1909. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTtmiNG INDUSTKIES. CLASS. Per cent o£ increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 6.5 4.2 17.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. Proprietors and officials 10.4 1.8 29.6 14.3 35.9 4.3 5.2 -28.4 10.1 1.4 27.7 14.8 25.9 2.4 3.1 -41.0 6.0 2.9 1.2 1.9 7.2 86.8 85.3 1.5 6.8 3.0 1.0 1.8 5.7 88.6 86.3 2.2 7.2 3.4 1.4 2.3 6.7 86.1 85.3 0.8 6.8 3.5 1.2 2.1 5.6 87.6 86.1 1.5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 9.4 89.7 85.4 4.3 0.8 0.5 0.1 Rnpfin'TltfiTiHont^s fiTifl mHTlPgTS, . . 0.1 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. . . 80.6 13.4 15.1 -11.8 6.2 Wage earners (average number) 93.0 87.3 Under 16 years of age 5.7 i A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 5 shows, for the three main classes, of persons engaged in manufactures, the number in each class and the per cent distribution for 1914, 1909, and 1904, and the percentages of increase for the two five-year periods. Table 5 PEBSONS ENGAGED IS MANTJFACTURraG INDUSTEIES. CI.ASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 25,533 23,984 20,567 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.5 16.6 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees 735 2,643 22, 155 722 2,024 21,238 641 1,451 18,476 2.9 10.4 86.8 3.0 8.4 88.6 3.1 7.1 89.8 1.8 30.6 4.3 12.6 39.5 Wage earners (average) 15.0 Each of the three classes given in this table shows increases for both five-year periods, but the percentages of increase are much greater for the earlier than for the later period. The average number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, with the per cent distribution of males and females 16 years of age and over and of children under 16 years of age, is given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, f-or some of the important industries separately, a similar distri- bution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. The relative number of men,- women, and children employed in the manufactures of the state in 1914 varies somewhat from the proportions in 1909 and 1904. The increase at each census in the proportion of women employed as wage earners was accompanied by a corresponding decrease in the proportion of children and a shght fluctuation in the proportion of men. In the canneries, knitting mUls, and tobacco fac- tories, women greatly predominate, and in these in- dustries the number reported in 1914 represents an increased proportion over 1909. The tanning and finishing of leather and printing and nublishi^a^ the only other industries furnishing emplojonent to women to any considerable extent. Wage earners under 16 years of age are employed principally in the canning; industry and in the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods. Table 6 All industries. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. . . Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions oi railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristtmll products Foundry and machine-shop products Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . . Lumber and timber products Paper and wood pulp Prluting and publishing Pulp goods Tobacco, cigars and snufl All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ■WAGE EAENEES. Average num- ber.! 22, 155 21, 238 18,475 347 420 1,831 1,369 2,059 1,525 2,110 1,679 127 139 2,522 2,210 496 492 818 710 2,382 3,045 1,174 591 546 360 892 525 245 7,037 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 80.1 81.0 80.5 94.8 8L2 34.5 32.5 100.0 99.8 100.0 99.3 12.5 16.9 99.9 100.0 72.1 75.9 99.0 95.9 88.2 85.7 75.0 69.1 98.3 97.5 23.0 46.5 77.3 78.8 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years ofage^ 18.2 16.5 16.0 3.5 16.4 58.5 53.3 1.7 0.8 0.5 0.7 72.2 69.5 27.5 23.6 1.0 3.0 11.7 14.3 22.5 24.3 1.7 73.5 50.2 21.1 18.6 1.7 2.5 3.5 1.7 2.4 6.9- 14.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.7- 0.8. 0.2 15.3 13.6. 0.1 0.5. 0.5. l.I 0.2 2.5 6.6. 2.5 3.4 1.7 2.S 1 For method of estimating the distribution of the average nu'mber, by sex and. feperiods, for^^luLdustries combined, see " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— DELAWARE. 217 Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the per- centage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month: Table 7 January... February.. March April May June July August Septemter.. October November.. December.. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTUKINQ INDUSTKIES. Number.i 1914 21,485 21,304 21,861 21, 776 21,908 22,834 21,418 24,134 28,364 23,667 18,922 18,187 1909 19,220 19,470 19,168 19,366 19,237 20,480 19, 572 24,331 26,376 23,623 21,557 22, 452 1904 17,175 17,865 18,554 18,826 18,587 18, 470 16,833 19,451 21,398 18,861 17, 791 17,889 Per cent o£ maximum. 1914 75.7 75.1 77.1 76.8 77.2 80.5 75.5 85.1 100.0 83.4 66.7 64.1 1909 72.9 73.8 72.7 73.4 72.9 77.6 74.2 92.2 100.0 89.6 81.7 85.1 1904 80.3 83.5 86.7 88.0 86.9 86.3 78.7 90.9 100.0 88.1 83.1 83.6 > The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. In each census year shown in the table the maximum number of wage earner^ for the combined industries of the state appears for September, but the minimum shifts from July in 1904 to March in 1909 and ta December in 1914. The single industry, canning and preserving, which gives employment to a large number of persons in August, September, and October, determines for all industries combined the month of the greatest em- ployment (September), and magnifies the irregularity of employment throughout the year. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 10,177, or 35.9 per cent of the maximum, in 1914. Table 8 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected in- dustries, and for the total industries in Wilmington, the only city in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 8 INDUSTRY AND CITY. AH industries Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies Cars_, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies Kour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolUng mills Leather, tanned, curried, and finishea Lumber and timber products Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing , Pulp goods Tobacco, cigars and snuff All other industries Wilmington WAGE EARNERS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic- Aver- age num- ber em- ployed dur- ing year. 22, 155 347 1,831 2,110 127 2,522 496 818 2,382 786 591 360 892 525 6,309 15,048 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 21,485 314 247 2,145 2,763 126 8,691 507 807 2,704 947 593 sso 947 614 6,830 Febru- ary. 21,304 301 167 2,141 2,693 126 2,652 2,683 1,021 582 362 969 514 5,805 March. 21, 861 327 170 2,126 2,951 126 2,640 606 858 2,627 362 965 495 6,135 April. 21,776 327 183 2,045 2,696 125 2,621 850 2,714 860 588 365 960 520 6,660 May. 21,908 370 ISS 2,041 2,686 126 2,544 503 825 2,717 723 S78 362 952 525 6,923 16,281 June. 403 1,156 2,448 ISS 2,621 923 825 2,626 661 584 364 916 603 7,168 15, 964 July. 492 338 2,111 127 2,591 509 2,659 669 580 353 895 510 6,805 Au- gust. Sep- tember. 474 4,590 2,072 1,622 129 2,594 600 817 2,349 647 600 362 856 m 6,138 28,364 305 9,080 2,001 1,648 130 2,515 494 839 2,026 ess 618 368 836 996 13, 979 Octo- ber. 23, 667 4,937 1,987 1,375 132 2,337 2,008 659 599 364 823 566 6,315 13,541 No- vem- ber. 18, 922 S78 707 1,403 130 B,S61 479 790 1,857 800 601 780 561 5,928 13,175 Decem- ber. 18, 187 295 262 2,068 l,SgB 126 2,297 47S 77.« 1,716 831 683 379 810 522 1,718 IX, 991 . Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 56.5 1.5 92.6 44.9 93.2 84.0' 90.2 90.2 63.2. 62.3 93. 5 92.3 80. a 82.9 79.9 79.3 Of the selected industries, canning and preserving shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in May being but 1.5 per cent of the number in September. The small number employed in May is not indicative of the employment of wage earn- ers in this industry, as most of those reported in the winter and spring months are merely caretakers. Using as a basis the three active months in this in- dustry, August, September, and October, the number reported for August, 4,590, the minimum month, formed 50.6 per cent of the numbe]|-^^;r 9,080, the maximum month, and gives a more accurate showing for this industry in respect to monthly em- ployment. The least fluctuation is shoAvn for paper and pulp miUs and flour and grist mills, for which industries the minimum month of employment formed 93.5 per cent and 93.2 per cent, respectively, of the maximum. In addition to these two industries, steam-railroad repair shops, printing and pubhshing plants, knitting nulls, and steel works and rolling mills, furnished fairly- Mf&f^^^^^^^^ ^° "^^g® earners. Wilmingtm 218 MANUFAOTUEES— DELAWAEE. shows a considerable fluctuation in the monthly em- ployment, the minimum month representing 79.3 per cent of the maximum. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 9 the average number of wage earners employed for 1914 and 1909 for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A simi- lar classification is given for 1914 only, for all industries combined for Wilmington, the one city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, though a few employees worked a greater or less number of hours. Table 9 Census year. AVEKAGE NTTMBEI OF -WAGI EARNEES INDUSTRY AND CITY Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor pei week were— 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 64. 54 Between 54 and 60. 60 Be- tween 60 and 72. 72 Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 22, 155 21,238 1,263 960 2,050 736 8,444 6,905 6,000 5,855 4,033 5,824 203 614 131 371 31 73 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware 347 420 1,831 1,369 2,059 1,623 2,110 1,679 127 139 2,522 2,210 496 492 818 710 2,382 .3,045 786 1,174 591 546 360 288 892 359 525 245 6,309 7,037 15,048 5 33 52 256 12 2,021 1,467 2,110 1,679 262 281 268 42 47 81 1,021 1,097 1 1 6 91 10 1 Canning and preserving 166 45 38 29 133 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 30 panies. 39 19 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 101 110 4 1 216 724 496 492 239 420 324 250 413 368 3 121 80 6 44 Foundry and machine-shop products 3 341 186 4 1,855 1,146 11 3 40 Hosiery and knit goods ^ 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 337 290 242 1 1 l^eather, tanned, curried, and finished 1,093 83 69 299 36 620 64 63 929 2,092 223 379 474 Lumber and timber products 17 65 Paper and wood pulp 18 286 96 260 Printing and publishing 212 174 87 3 33 79 299 162 71 23 17 474 75 330 19 2,948 3,166 3,432 5 15 119 122 2 69 '1,086 1,806 1,855 Pulp goods Tobacco, cigars and snuff 15 34 132 163 882 107 123 258 102 1,445 All other industries 1,666 1,621 7,311 153 65 104 35 41 13 31 73 6 The figures in this table emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day in the factories of the state. In 1909, 6,782, or not quite one-third of the total average number of wage earners for all uidus- tries combined, were employed in estabUshments oper- ating 60 hours or more per week, while but 4,398, or only about one-fifth, were so employed in 1914. Fur- thermore, the number of wage earners working less than 60 hours per week increased from 14,456 in 1909 to 17,757 in 1914, or from 68.1 per cent of the total number in the state to 80.1 per cent. There was a marked increase during the five-year period in the proportion of wage earners in each of the three groups of establishments operating from 48 to 54 hours per week. Among the separate industries, the tanjjing^ a^4_fiji-. Digitized oy MicrosoM ishing of leather shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1914, 47.4 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establish- ments where the hours of labor were 54 or fewer per week, as compared with 23.1 per cent xa 1909. In the fotmdries and machine shops, 65.2 per cent of the wage earners in 1909 were employed ia estabhshments where the hours of labor were 54 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 91.1 per cent. Canning and preserving and lumber also show decreased hours of employment. In Wilmington the total average mmiber of wage earners in 1914 was 15,048, of whom 14,925 were in estabhshments operating 60 hours or less per week, while only 123 were in establishments in which the hours wepp^jpore than 60 per week. MANUFACTUEES— DELAWARE. 219 Location of establislimeiits. — Table 10 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which manufac- tures in Delaware were centrahzed in Wilmington. Table 10 Cen- sus year. Total. LOCATION OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. PEE CENT OF TOTAL. Wilming- . ton. Outside districts. Wil- ming- ton. Out- side dis- tricts. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 209,817 202,322 184,735 808 726 633 22,155 21,238 20,562 $56,034,966 52,839,819 41,321,061 24,385,701 21,901,818 16,595,744 92,057 87,411 76,508 319 251 262 15,048 14,663 14,498 $39,402,563 38,069,383 30,586,810 17,262,003 16,093,083 12,710,975 117,760 114,911 108, 227 489 465 371 7,107 6,575 6,064 $16,632,403 14,770,236 10,734,,251 7,123,698 5,808,735 3,884,769 43.9 43.2 41.4 39.5 36.0 41.4 67.9 69.0 70.5 70.3 72.0 74.0 70.8 73.5 76.6 58.1 Number of estaMish- ments. Average numter of wage earners. Value of products — Value added by man- ufacture. 53.8 58.6 60.5 64.0 58.6 32.1 31.0 29.5 29.7 23.0 26.0 29.2 25.5 23.4 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. A comparison of the industries of WUmington, with the districts outside the city, shows a greater relative increase in manufacturing in the outside districts. In 1914 Wilmington contained 43.9 per cent of the estimated population of the state, but reported only 39.5 per cent of the total number of establishments. The city, however, contributed 70.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 70.3 per cent of the total value of products, and 67.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The corre- sponding proportions for 1909 were shghtly larger. The decrease in the proportions in 1914 is due in part to the fact that there was a decrease in the manufac- ture of leather, which is largely centrahzed in Wil- mington. In addition to the manufacture of leather, the prin- cipal industries in Wilmington are the construction of cars for steam-railroad companies, steam-railroad repair shops, the dyeing and finishing' of textiles, foundries and machine shops, slaughtering and meat packing, paper and pulp mUls, and shipbuilding. Character of ownership. — Table 11 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organi- zation, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; for Wilmington, the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 11 AVEEAGE NDMBEK OF -WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS mDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus OWNED BT— In establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total. year. Total. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- viduals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 439 387 339 240 202 160 129 137 132 22, 155 21,238 18, 475 2,274 2,451 2,448 18,298 15, 573 13,444 1,583 3,214 2,683 10.3 11.5 13.3 82.6 73.3 72.8 7.1 16.1 14.0 $58,034,966 52,839,619 41,160,276 $5, 525, 459 6, 187, 017 5, 517, 649 $45,743,408 36,071,988 28,921,912 $4,766,101 10,580,614 6, 720, 716 9.9 11.7 13.4 81.8 68.3 70.3 8.5 20.0 16.3 Canning and preserving . . 39 34 28 13 33 30 1,831 1,369 392 473 1,026 396 413 600 21.4 34.6 66.0 28.9 22.6 36.5 3,361,008 2,106,946 666,219 794,816 1,989,804 495,030 705,986 816,099 19.8 37.7 59.2 23.5 21.0 38.8 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 42 41 4 4 14 20 127 139 67 66 41 40 29 34 44.9 46.8 32.3 28.8 22.8 24.5 1,483,410 1,751,533 663, 125 735, 176 611,249 602,881 319,038 413,478 44.0 42.0 34.5 34.4 21.5 23.6 Foundry and machlne- sbop products. 1914 1909 18 12 27 21 6 4 2,522 2,210 39 65 2,453 2,088 30 67 1.5 2.9 97.3 94.5 1.2 2.6 6,120,441 4,781,195 82,408 98,988 5,976,087 4,652,312 61,948 131,897 1.3 2.0 97.6 95.2 1.0 2.8 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 3 3 13 9 4 4 2,382 3,045 201 217 1,570 936 611 1,892 8.4 7.1 65.9 30.7 25.7 82.1 9,183,205 12,079,225 602, 798 980,432 6,836,910 3,761,123 2,844,497 7,337,670 5.5 8.1 63.6 31.1 31.0 60.7 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 72 76 8 10 22 30 786 1,174 428 627 139 399 219 248 64.5 44.9 17.7 34.0 27.9 21.1 828,760 1,312,287 420,205 486,245 197,600 547,755 211,056 278,287 60.7 37.1 23.8 41.7 26.5 21.2 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 35 30 16 15 3 3 360 288 122 127 232 160 6 1 33.9 44.1 64.4 56.6 1.7 0.3 675,553 480,464 197,271 174,906 470,298 295,394 7,984 10,165 29.2 36.4 69.6 61.5 1.2 2.1 Wilmington 1914 160 129 30 15,048 911 13,397 740 6.1 89.0 4.9 39,402,563 2,910,264 33,279,093 3,213,206 7.4 84.5 8.2 As shown by Table 11, there was an increase during the decade in the number of establishments throughout the state under both individual and corporate owner- ship. More than one-half of the 808 establishments operating in 1914 were owned by individuals, but in value of products and average number of wage earners those owned by corporations greatly predominate. Although only 29.7 per cent of the total number of es.tablishments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 81.6 per cent of the total value of products and 82.6 per cent of the total average Digitized by number of wage earners. The proportions of average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census, with the exception of value of products re- ported for 1909. The form of ownership prevailing in the different industries varies considerably. In the canning and preserving establishments, in the manufacture of foundry and machine-shop products, in the tanning and finishing of leather, and in printing and publishing plants, corporations reported a majority of the wage IVIicrosoft® 220 MANUFACTURE S— DELAWAEE. earners and the bulk of manufactures. Lumber mills and flour mills were to a great extent owned by indi- viduals. In the lumber industry, 54.5 per cent of the wage earners and 50.7 per cent of the value of products in 1914 were reported by establishments owned by individuals. The proportions reported by the flour miUs were slightly less. In Wilmington corporations controlled 40.4 per cent- of all establishments, employed 89 per cent of the total wage earners, and reported 84.5 per cent of the total value of products. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments is indicated by the statistics given in Table 12, Table 12 VALUE OF PEODUCTS. NUMBUE or ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PKODUCT.'i. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 AH classes . 808 726 631 22, 155 21,238 18,475 $56,034,966 $52,839,619 $41,160,276 $24,385,701 $21,901,818 $16,276,470 Less than S5,000 251 298 170 81 8 213 258 170 78 7 203 222 130 67 9 462 1,783 2,910 9,953 7,048 479 1,901 3,298 8,566 6,994 388 1.695 2,705 7,546 6,141 610, 251 2,961,338 7,000,219 27,307,250 18,155,908 559,530 2,748,180 6,981,337 25,657,769 16,892,803 549,741 2,318,183 5,313,204 19,267,544 13,711,604 367,387 1,358,353 2,545,859 12,071,786 8,042,316 335, 302 1,346,466 2,674,038 10,076,057 7,469,955 336,798 1,133,879 2,281,182 7,490,829 5,033,782 $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEK CENT DISTEIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 31.1 36.9 21.0 10.0 1.0 29.3 35.5 23.4 10.7 1.0 32.2 35.2 20.6 10.6 1.4 2.1 8.0 13.1 44.9 3L8 2.3 9.0 15.5 40.3 32.9 2.1 9.2 14.6 40.8 33.2 1.1 5.3 12.5 48.7 32.4 1.1 6.2 13.2 48.6 32.0 1.3 5.6 12.9 46.8 33.3 1.5 5.6 10.4 49.5 33.0 1.5 6.1 12.2 46.0 34.1 2 1 $5,000 to $20,000 . 7.0 14.0 46.0 30.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over For 1914, 89 establishments, or 11 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value. These estabUshments em- ployed 76.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, reported 81.1 per cent of the total value of products, and 82.5 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 31.1 per cent of the total, reported only 2.1 per cent of the average number of wage earners, 1.1 per cent of the total value of products, and 1.5 per cent of the value added by manufacture. The comparatively large establish- ments — those having products valued at $100,000 and over — show an increase at each successive census in each item given in the table with the exception of number of establishments. Table 13 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for six of the more important industries statistics similar to those pre- sented in Table 12 for all industries combined. Table 13 INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 60 37 2 13 Canning and preserving.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,0001 Floue-mill and gristmill peoducts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,0001 FOUNDEY and MACHINE- SHOP PEODUCTS , Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 , $100,000 to $1,000,000 , Leather, tanned, curiued, AND finished $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Lumber and timbek prod- ucts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 Printing and publishing.... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000. NUMBEE OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 100 102 1909 77 16 116 52 49 115 Per cent distribution. 100.0 8.0 44.0 48.0 100.0 16.7 48.3 35.0 100.0 31.4 25.5 17.6 25.5 100.0 30.0 70.0 100.0 59.8 28.4 11.8 100.0 51.9 33.3 14.8 1909 100.0 6.5 36.4 57.1 100.0 23.1 35.4 41.5 100.0 16.2 29.7 13.5 40.5 25.0 75.0 100.0 100.0 58.3 27.1 14.6 AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1,831 10 385 1,436 2,522 19 51 183 2,270 2,382 2,314 181 284 321 46 90 224 1909 16 309 1,044 139 5 30 104 2,210 12 77 85 2,036 3,045 104 .2,941 1,174 499 484 67 78 143 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 0.5 21.0 78.4 3.1 29.1 67.7 100.0 0.8 2.0 7.2 90.0 100.0 2.9 97.1 100.0 23.0 36.1 40.8 100.0 12.8 25.0 62.2 100.0 1.2 22.6 76.5 100.0 3.6 21.6 74.8 100.0 0.5 3.5 3.8 92.1 100.0 3.4 96.6 100.0 16.3 42.5 41.2 100.0 23.3 27.1 49.7 $3,361,008 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $2, 105, 945 15, 363 541,957 2,803,688 1,483,410 29,241 320, 256 1, 133, 913 6,120,441 40,435 108,676 462, 230 5,509,100 9, 183, 205 234, 912 8, 948, 293 828,760 137,365 265,079 428,316 675, 553 61, 588 162, 967 450,998 1909 15,350 369, 356 1,731,240 1,751,633 39, 308 286, 145 1,426,080 4, 781, 195 16,250 99, 253 195,854 4,469,838 12,079,225 1, 312, 287 130,477 437,752 744,058 480,464 79,344 125,994 275,126 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.5 16.1 83.4 100.0 2.0 21.6 76.4 100.0 0.7 1.8 7.6 90.0 2.6 97.4 100.0 16.6 32.0 61.4 100.0 9.1 24.1 66.8 100.0 0.7 17.1 82.2 100.0 2.2 16.3 81.4 100.0 0.3 2.1 4.1 93.5 100.0 2.9 97.1 100.0 10.0 33.4 56.7 100.0 16.5 26.2 57.3 $1,003,304 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1911 4,495 132,428 866,381 280, 810 8,255 44,657 227, 898 2,978,518 30, 136 76, 686 234, 126 2,637,571 2,709,151 483,809 95, 126 170,530 218, 153 464,089 46,642 124, 179 293,268 1909 $662,449 3.904 85, 178 463,367 251,894 9,134 51,646 191, 114 2,379,278 11,895 63,003 143,877 2,170,603 3,932,375 89,364 3,843,021 704,430 82,924 278,496 343,010 342,912 62,456 90,543 189,913 Per cent distribution. 19U 1909 100.0 0.4 13.2 86.4 100.0 2.9 15.9 81.2 100.0 19.7 35.2 4S.1 100.0 10.1 26.8 63.2 100.0 0.7 15.4 83.9 100,0 Tl 20.5 75.9 100. 0.5 2.2 6.0 91.2 100.0 2.3 97.7 100. 11.8 39.5 48.7 100. 18.-2 26.4 S5.4 DigiMmW^^^'^fl® ' Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000.' MANUFACTURES— DELAWARE. 221 The separation of industries into groups can not be made as complete as that given for the state, without •disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments ; ■consequently, the specified industries are not fully comparable for 1914 and 1909. In the foundry and machine-shop industry in 1914, ■90 per cent of the total value of products was reported by establishments having products of $100,000 and over, as compared with 93.5 per cent in 1909, and in the leather industry, 97.4 per cent, as compared with •97.1 per cent in 1909. In the canning, flour-miU and gristmill, lumber, and printing industries, the propor- tions of the total value of products reported by estab- lishments having products valued at $20,000 and over was 83.4, 76.4, 51.4, and 66.8 per cent, respectively. Table 14, shows for 1914, for all industries com- "bined, in Wilmington, statistics similar to those given in Table 12, for the state as a whole. In Wilmington the 60 establishments manufactur- ing products in excess of $100,000 in value furnished employment to 88.6 per cent of the total wage earners and reported 89.4 per cent of the total value of manu- factures. Table 14 i •J 'A ■WAGE EAEN- EKS. VALUE OP PROD- UCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUKE. CITY AND VALUE OF PP.OD- UCT. Aver- ago num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Wilmington . 319 15,048 inn n $39,402,563 100.0 $17,262,003 100.0 Less than S5,000 85 104 70 51 9 111 436 1,182 6,615 6,704 0.7 2.9 7.9 44.0 44.6 216,599 1,004,397 2,983,122 18,391,340 16,807,105 0.5 2.5 7.6 46.7 42.7 132.802 564, 208 1,243,857 7,737,586 7,583,650 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000 3.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 7.2 44.8 43.9 Table 15 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the average number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 14 of the more important industries, and for Wilmington, the only city in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 15 TOTAL. " ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDUSTEY AND (.Tl'». 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 60 wage earners. 51- to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage . earners. 261 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Es- tab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (average number). 11 en H 1^ ■ia 11 II li C3 34S n H oa H k 1^ ^1 If la II 808 22,155 60 424 1,041 175 1,952 68 2,084 31 2,259 37 5,860 7 2,507 3 1,992 3 4,460 Baslrets, and rattan and willow ware 6 100 3 60 51 3 5 20 102 7 54 8 18 368 319 347 1,831 2,059 2,110 127 2,522 496 818 2,382 786 591 360 892 525 6,309 15,048 ""2 1 23 5 79 1 51 1 6 593 17 2 19 1 74 563 38 1 2 75 122 1«7 474 Car.s an(i general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad 1 1 2,004 1,168 Cars, steam-raihoad, not Including operations of railroad companies. Jlour-mill and gristmill products. . rmmdrjr and machine-shop prod- 1 406 1 536 8 3 49 25 84 63 2 5 14 62 1 7 29 193 2 1 1 8 2 1 158 59 55 608 109 88 2 1,023 145 763 361 3 1 1,023 292 Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Leather, tanned, curried, and fln- ""2 "in 1 3 31 30 2 61 1 31 9 173 3 90 4 34 2 7 40 392 26 69 2 3 61 112 1 463 1 840 Lumher and timber products 3 474 Pnnting and publishing. . . 6 201 1 2 10 17 65 164 756 1,296 6 2 9 19 827 321 1,285 3,146 Tobacco, cigars and snuff. . 10 221 152 ■ 17 518 407 1 26 30 23 790 940 68 59 733 643 1 7 323 2,780 1 2 616 1,376 1 3 1,288 WlLMZNGTON.. 4 460 Table 16 presents, for 1914, percentages based on figures in Table 15, and for 1909 similar percentages for aU industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Of the 80S establishments in operation during 1914, there were 60 which employed no wage earners. These were small estabhshments in which the work was done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employed a few wage' earners for short periods, but the term of employment was so short that in com- puting the average number, as described in the "Ex- planation of terms," no wage earners could be shown. The small estabhshments— those ^^0lm$ii?&El b]^ 5 wage earners — greatly outhumberea sffli others com- bined. The 599 establishments which employed from 1 to 20 wage earners represented 74.1 per tent of the number of factories of the state, but they employed only 13.5 per cent of the total wage earners. There were 50 establishments that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earners each, and these estab- lishments gave employment to 14,819, or 66.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners employed in all estabhshments. These large estabhshments are engaged in the manufacture of steam-railroad cars, hosiery and knit goods, iron and steel, leather, tanned, curried, and finished, pulp goods, and in the operations /l/M!?rt59©"^i^®oad repair shops, foundries and machine shops, and paper and pulp mUls. 222 MANUFACTUEES- DELAWARE. In Wilmington 78.2 per cent of the wage earners were reported by establishments employing more than 100 wage earners each, as against smaller plants. !1.8 per cent in the Table 16 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVKR.VGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NDMEEB. 1 to 6 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 10.2 7.8 101 to 260 251 to oOO 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 SOI to 1,080 35.3 19,6 Over 1,000 All industries. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,7 4.2 8.S 10.9 9.4 12.1 26.5 23,6 11,3 8,6 9,0 13,2 20.1 19,7 Leather, taimed, cmried, and finished. Lumber and timber products-... 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 0.4 22,0 15,4 0,6 25,0 30.2 1.7 1,3 49,9 46.9 4.4 5.3 19,2 34.0 2,6 3,6 14,2 19,1 66,8 35,8 25,6 8.4 13.9 5.1 14,9 16,1 15.2 29.7 19,4 37.4 Bastets and rattan and willow 1.5 1.0 4.3 2.0 1.7 14.3 32.4 45.7 0.8 1.2 21.3 29.5 30.7 34.1 1.8 2.6 21.6 6.7 18.1 63.9 65.2 25.9 13.5 80,2 78,6 Canning and preserving Printing and publishing. Pulp goods Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Cars steam-railroad not in- 97,3 96,2 65.4 19,2 26,4 91,8 7,3 31,2 49,4 12,0 8,5 8,6 92,7 79,1 61,1 cluding operations ot railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 8.2 Tobacco, cigars and snuff 20,9 4,4 28,2 12,6 17,0 6,2 66.1 66.9 2.5 1.3 11.0 10.8 2.4 6.3 22.8 3.2 11.0 8,2 6,4 2,7 ii.i 11.6 10.2 4,3 Foundry and machine-shop products. Hosiery and knit goods.. 7.6 6.8 6.3 11.8 11.9 40,6 37.7 29,2 48,2 93,3 40.6 36.1 6S.9 61,4 20,4 14,9 20,9 5,1 11,0 18,6 9,8 9.5 9.1 20 4- Wilmington 22 5- 0.4 ?t 6 6.7 10.6 rolling mills. 5.6 8.3,8 Engines and power. — Table 17 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the nmnber and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). The table also shows sepa- rately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by the establishments reporting. Table 17 Primary power, total . Owned Steam engines and turbines ^ Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors.. Rented Electric . Other.... Electric Rented Generated by establishments reporting. NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. 1,750 666 117 107 860 860 2,373 860 1,513 1909 1,345 906 78 147 439 1,397 439 958 1904 784 698 41 146 (2) 333 m 333 HORSEPOWER. Amount, 64, 403 64, 619 48,207 1,905 4,507 9,705 79 29,544 9,705 19,839 52, 779 48, 227 42, 266 766 5,195 4,552 4,502 60 17,910 '4, 602 13, 408 49, 490 48,234 42,542 412 5,280 1,256 1,092 164 6,764 1,092 4,672 Per cent distribution. 1914 190!) 1901 100.0 84,8 74,8 3.0 7.0 15,2 15.1 0,1 100.0 32.8 67.2 100,0 91,4 80,1 1,5 9,8 8,6 8.5 0,1 100.0 25.1 74.9 100.0 97.5 86,0 08 10.7 2.5 2.2 0.3 100,0 18,9 81.1 1 Figures for horsepower include lor 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported This table shows that from 1909 to 1914 there was an increase in primary power, amounting to 11,624 horsepower, or 22 per cent. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when 1,256 horsepower of this character, representing 2.5 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount of such power had increased to 4,552 horsepower, or 8.6 per cent of the total, and in 1914, to 9,784 horsepower, or 15.2 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments has not kept pace with that in rented power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same establishments repre- sented 81.1 per cent of the total electr^pjQ-H£ei.UiJ9i but only 67.2 per cent in 1914 imder the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. In 1914, as in 1909, owned power formed the major part of the total power reported, but the proportion which this kind of power formed of the total primary power decreased from 91.4 per cent in 1909 to 84.8 per cent in 1914. The use of internal-combustion engines increased rapidly during the decade. The horsepower of such engines, however, represented only 3 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the last five-year period there was a decrease in the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors, which in 1914 formed 7 per cent of the total primary power. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed in |S power or otherwise used in the manu' tiesses. MANUFACTUEES—DELAWAEE. 223 Table 18 showH, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries com- bined in the city of Wilmington. Table 18 INDUSTBY AND OTY. All industries. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tion of railroad companies Dyeing and floishing textiles Foundry and machine-shop products . Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 26, 731 517 436 103 1,877 ;,610 200 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2.000 lbs.). 330,907 7,382 22,303 16,449 30,297 31,573 4,442 7,230 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 14,292 160 13 211 5,805 605 3,165 Oil, in- cluding' gaso- line (bar- rels). 64,951 83 2,812 1,627 4,340 9,104 38,758 3 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 30,745 150 2,768 13, 103 9,740 INBUSTKT AMD CITY. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather^ tanned, curried, and finished Paper and wood pulp Pulp goods Shipbuilding All other industries Wilmington An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 2,734 291 890 31 512 8,630 15, 161 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 29,047 25,373 60,927 34,602 7,209 54,073 218,324 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 3,125 451 777 11,041 Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 2,941 10 69 50 3,471 1,683 51,125 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 29 933 167 3,855 30,038 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for three important in- dustries in Delaware are here presented. Statistics for power laundries are also presented. Canning and preserving. — Table 19 gives the quantity and value of principal products, by classes, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 19 1914 1909 1904 Total value $3,361,008 $2,105,945 1 $1,456, 185 Canned vegetables, total: 1,889,859 $2,763,780 215,280 $281,758 178,810 $237,853 6,670 $7,626 39,093 $59,458 1,326,275 $1,965,958 123,731 $211,127 $597,228 1,585,360 $2,049,074 94,697 $138,739 190,261 $249,357 3,145 $4,546 20,633 $28,675 1,262,635 $1,605,069 13,989 $22,688 $56,871 971,403 Value $1,406,102 152, 900 Corn- Cases Value.. $207, 810 Peas- Cases.. . 131,147 Value $178,729 Pumpkins — Cases 600 Value $500 Sweet potatoes- Cases 5,200 ■ Value .. $7,695 679, 080 Tomatoes- Cases Value $1,007,595 2,476 All other canned vegetables- Cases Value $3, 773 All other products, including pickles, preserves, sauces, cured fish, and $50,083 ' Excludes one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Canning and preserving as a factory industry is of comparatively recent origin, its development in Dela- ware dating from 1869. The total value of aU products for the industry increased during the decade 1904-1914 by $1,904,823, or 130.8 per cent, and during the five-year period 1909-1914 by $1,255,063, or 59.6 per cent. Of the establishments reported in 1914, 3 were^ engaged pri- I marily in canning and preserving fish ;ier49[tt/|^Mr^)l and preserving fruits and vegetables ; and 3 in the manufacture of pickles, preserves, and sauces. The value of vegetables canned in 1914 amounted to $2,763,780, as compared with $2,049,074 in 1909 and $1,406,102 in 1904. Canned corn increased in the five- year period from 94,697 cases, valued at $138,739, in 1909, to 215,280 cases, valued at $281,758, in 1914. Peas decreased in quantity from 190,261 cases in 1909, valued at $249,357, to 178,810 cases in 1914, valued at $237,853. Tomatoes, the principal product of Dela- ware canners, increased during the five-year period 1909-1914 from 1,262,635 cases, valued at $1,605,069 to 1,326,275 cases, valued at $1,965,958. Of the establishments included in this classification, tomatoes were packed by 89, peas by 12, and corn by 9. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 20 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for the last three census years. Table 20 1914 1909 1904 Total value $1,483,410 $1,751,633 $1,636,604 Wheat flour: 157,852 $797,626 408,660 $11,969 67,790 $229,967 1,396,527 $24,792 7,754 $222,506 5,892 $184,339 $12,212 174,224 $1,011,511 672,675 $19,272 77,399 $239,772 1,671,225 $30,286 15,944 $450,261 $431 168,944 $865,794 378,300 $9,298 92 586 Value Buckwheat flour: Value Com meal and com flour: Barrels Value S225* 9fiB Hominy and grits: Pounds 3,024,700 $41,848 Value Bran and middlings; Tons Value Feed and ofial: Tons . . . 18, 748 $393,698 All other products, value SlOO The combined value of wheat flour and bran and middhngs constituted 68.8 per cent of the total value of products in 1914, the proportion for wheat flour llgne beine:r,53..8 per cent. While wheat flour de- .4 per cent in quantity from 1909 to 224 MANUFAOTUEES— DELAWARE. 1914, and 21.1 per cent in value in the same period. Com naeal and corn flour showed a shght decrease in quantity and value, and bran and middling and feed and offal decreased in value 9.6 per cent. The equipment reported for 1914 consisted of 168 stands of rolls, 91 runs of stone, and 31 attrition mills. leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Table 21 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantities and values of the principal products reported for this iadustry. Table 21 1914 1909 1904 $9,183,205 $12,079,225 $10,250,842 Iveather: Goat and kid skms— Number 6,722,261 $6,840,228 1,063,789 $963,458 $463,635 $642,695 $273,189 11,005,292 $10,232,463 793,508 $675,986 $557,942 $402,795 $210,039 10,928,313 $9,102,297 463, 404 Value Sheep and lamb skins— Value . . $281,754 $484,785 $331,638 $50,368 Work on materials for others, value. . The manufacture of leather, though showing a de- crease in value of products, as compared with the census of 1909, continues to be the leading industry ia the state. Upper leather, made chiefly of goatskins by the chrome process, was the leading product, but fancy, patent, bookbinders', and belting leather was also manufactured to some extent. There was a decided decrease in number and value of goat and kid skins and a corresponding increase in number and value of sheep and lamb skias tanned in 1914, as compared with 1909 and 1904. The value of "aU other leather," principally belting, patent, etc., shows a decrease, and the value of all other products, which includes wool, hair, glue stock, etc., shows an increase since 1904. The amount received for tanning, currying, or finishing for othera, which was insignificant in 1904, formed 3 per cent of the total value of products in 1914. laundries, — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 22, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Delaware for 1914 and 1909. Table 22 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) , Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cos t of materials Amount received for work done . POWEB LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 12 369 16 27 326 335 $253,264 118,474 26,296 92, 178 416 5, 293 42,524 242,897 1909 15 283 17 44 222 235 $103,025 97, 776 25,932 71,844 6,659 29,633 187,038 Per cent of 1909- 1914. 30.4 46.8 42.6 145.8 21.2 1.4 28.3 -20.5 43.5 29.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Delaware ranked forty-seventh among the states in amount received for work done and forty- sixth in number of persons engaged in the industry. A general increase is shown for the various items given in the table. Establishments owned by individuals reported 11.4 per cent of the amount received for work done; and those under corporate and other forms of ownership, which were combined, to avoid dis- closure of operations of individual estabUshments, reported 88.6 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— DELAWAEE. 225 GENERAI TABLES. Table 23 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in Wilmington. Table 24 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in Wilmington, the only city in the state with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations. Table 23 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts; Expressed in thonsands. INDUSTRY AND OTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 808 22,155 64,403 $11,382 $31,649 $56,035 Hosiery and knit goods. 1914 3 496 185 $148 $314 $506 1909 726 21,238 52,779 10,296 30,938 52,840 1909 4 492 200 122 282 449 1904 1914 631 18,475 49,490 8,158 24,884 41,160 Ice, manufactured 1904 1914 7 18 323 151 275 1,694 75 93 164 59 296 Baskets, and rattan and 6 347 295 94. 132 295 294 willow ware 1909 1904 10 8 420 267 540 455 92 66 109 98 295 220 1909 1904 15 10 71 64 1,028 705 31 31 49 26 153 142 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 67 62 52 257 226 195 263 130 105 140 118 97 622 448 411 954 750 658 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1914 1909 1904 5 5 5 ' 818 710 1,055 3,545 4,912 10,310 454 416 412 932 1,059 940 1,669 1,715 1,597 Leather, tanned, cur- 1914 20 2,382 5,163 1,187 6,474 9,183 Butter ried, and finished. 1909 1904 16 20 3,045 2,836 4,417 5,377 1,367 1,176 8,147 7,911 12,079 10, 251 1909 10 ?2 204 14 211 264 1904 11 25 165 12 160 197 1914 1100 1,831 3,003 470 2,358 3,361 1914 1909 3 5 118 107 630 463 , 107 84 261 241 975 Canning and preserving. 791 1909 77 1,369 1,725 273 1,553 2,106 1904 6 104 466 79 177 760 1904 2 59 999 1,274 187 1,031 1,456 Lumber and timber 1914 <102 786 3,237 253 345 829 Cars and general shop 1914 3 2,059 2,820 1,524 1,764 3,551 products. 1909 116 1,174 3,767 330 608 1,312 construction and re- 19^ 3 1,525 1,835 1,147 1,943 3,251 1904 94 655 3,037 196 405 857 1904 5 1,341 1,345 815 649 1,558 road companies. Paper and wood pulp... 1914 1909 7 6 591 546 5,954 4,318 327 310 1,753 1,587 2,484 2,292 Cars, steam - railroad, 1914 3 2,110 3,833 1,504 2,783 4,944 1904 6 547 5,115 252 1,270 1,905 not including opera- 1909 3 1,679 3,388 1,131 1,913 3,628 tions of railroad com- 1904 3 1,559 1,717 1,031 1,942 3,600 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 54 360 420 198 211 676 pames. 48 288 305 129 138 480 1914 1909 9 10 64 134 295 805 28 52 382 452 510 860 1904 46 267 184 125 103 398 1904 7 149 665 33 287 371 Pulp goods s 3,402 1,087 486 1 028 2,145 1,032 1909 4 359 175 '581 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 60 65 47 127 139 137 3,287 3,349 2,827 59 57 58 1,203 1,500 1,315 1,483 1,752 1,537 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 19 9 5 125 82 47 504 212 160 82 53 26 1,499 1,231 477 1,711 1,372 548 Foundry and machine- 1914 851 2,522 8,527 1,505 3,142 6,120 Tobacco, cigars and 1914 18 525 336 175 547 1,391 1,049 161 shop products. 1909 37 2,210 4,270 1,247 2,402 4,781 snufl. 1909 19 245 655 91 759 1904 33 2,328 3,635 1,195 2,246 4,484 1904 2 19 113 43 63 Gas, illuminating and 1914 -8 125 158 75 205 570 All other industries 1914 234 5,424 16,595 2,445 5,452 12,142 heating. 1909 5 128 333 76 109 364 1909 197 6,257 14,836 2,981 5,616 12,065 1904 4 76- 105 52 118 305 1904 184 6,388 11,568 2,197 5,091 9,859 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. wnjumcrTON-AU Cars, steam - railroad. 1914 3 2,110 3,833 $1,504 $2,783 $4,944 industries. 1914 319 15,048 38,974 $8,674 $22, 141 $39,403 not including opera- 1909 3 1,679 3,388 1,131 1,913 3,628 1909 261 14,663 29,282 7,937 21,976 38,069 tions of railroad com- 1904 3 1,659 1,717 1,031 1,942 3,600 1904 1914 245 13,608 29,534 6,513 18, 121 30,285 panies. Lumber, planing-mill 1914 7 24 160 23 25 Bread and other bakery 43 214 213 121 642 820 62 products. 1909 36 198 106 104 380 629 products, not includ- 1909 4 18 84 14 8 30 1904 35 178 101 89 365 581 ing planing mills connected with saw- 1904 3 10 37 8 8 24 Carriages and wagons 1914 11 80 108 47 41 131 mills. and repairs. 1909 1904 11 6 14 103 126 121 86 50 63 78 92 181 205 Printing and publisliing 1914 1909 1904 27 22 25 279 210 198 315 214 150 161 99 100 179 112 86 562 373 319 Cars and general shop construction and re- 1914 3 2,059 2,820 1,624 1,764 3,551 1909 3 1,525 1,835 1,147 1,943 3,251 All other industries 1914 225 10,282 31,525 5,294 16,807 29,333 29,977 pairs by steam-rail- 1904 3 1,317 1,245 803 646 1,539 1909 182 10, 930 23,534 5,392 17,542 road companies. 1904 162 10, 120 26,198 4,419 14,982 24,017 'Includes "canning and preserving, fish;" "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables;" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating ^paratus;" and "structural ironwoffi, not made m steel works or rolling mills." *• rr e <^>± iiu.^y.<.toi uMumg * Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." » Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 82101°— 18- -15 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 22() MANUFACTURES- DELAWARE. Table 24.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EARNERS— DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offl- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, lath day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum montb. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile Butter Calming and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carriages and wagons and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Clothing, men's C onfectionery afnd ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copi^er, tin, and sheet-iron work. . . Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products. . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine shops , Foundries and boiler shops , Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Gas , illuminating and heating '. . Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather, tanned, curried , and finished . Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground . Oil. not elsewhere specified . . Paper and woodpuip Patent medicines and compounds Printmg and pubhshing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Pnntmg, pubUshing, and job printing. Printing and publishing Pulp goods Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding , wooden,including boat building. Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries * 808 25, 533 9 19 103 18 62 372 330 375 183 66 2,011 164 2,172 2,273 68 120 32 88 60 91 216 22 2,229 1,390 839 250 10 168 27 607 196 144 650 68 72 62 75 157 635 2 156 361 238 123 1,117 33 68 282 173 6,128 735 9 11 3 20 67 U 2 107 798 62 137 79 48 4 7 173 1 2 38 3 104 6 4 1 2 7 7 2 158 99 59 2 123 11 5 2 ■ 14 119 446 1 4 145 36 347 295 257 159 45 118 2,110 60 70 21 49 42 64 127 14 1,888 1,171 717 234 7 126 > 22 496 151 818 2,382 118 442 49 138 591 146 92 22 47 244 125 5,252 Se 28,364 My < Je My Au< 15 39 492 314 277 232 47 Je 127 Ja 2, 146 Mh 2,961 De< 64 ('■) Au Oc De< 21 59 44 102 132 16 Ja Au Je Jy' Je Be* Au< Je Je Mh My Au Fe Au 774 270 Ap Je* Se Se 523 249 868 2,717 127 671 65 65 42 87 311 618 Fe 133 De (') Mh< My Mh< De* 164 92 965 294 134 De 18,187 Jas De No* Oc Ja 31 278 252 216 Ja 80 Ap 42 My 124 De* 111 Oc 1,987 De 1,325 Ap 45 <») 21 De* 42 Ap 38 Dfi m Je 123 Ap. 13 Oc 1 ,046 No 570 Au 62 Ja* 6 472 90 De De* Ja De Ja De 774 De 1,716 Mh * 108 Au 282 Ap 44 Fe De* Mh Ja My 11 578 Au 112 Ja « No No No Au My 92 780 111 115 I (') 15 37 327 353 275 188 46 8,679 113 2,068 77 21 66 44 82 130 15 1,912 1,172 740 260 607 171 820 2,365 125 720 48 52 37 79 281 683 129 259 167 92 925 22 59 305 136 (») « (=) (.') 15 37 Sic 343 235 188 46 2,892 113 2,068 2,172 11 51 43 82 130 10 1,878 1,171 707 27 21 4 63 170 819 1,705 125 720 48 51 35 79 281 514 70 222 139 83 909 21 69 11 136 5,083 13 231 68 294 169,323,927 8,056 30, 274 207,269 238,719 506,807 398,832 169,330 605, 150 2, 1,816,167 307, 465 3,651,269 24,876 133,164 28,201 104,963 58,291 381,765 707,495 61,637 8, 288, 163 4,263,804 4,024,359 220,878 12,320 7,193,898 41,819 18,806 229,901 700,442 2,386,104 7,079,969 1,907,908 277,849 147,992 97,211 64,995 300,473 042,641 602,865 2,209 229,418 626,156 184, 166 340,990 40,927 82,675 47,220 739, 145 1,511,996 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace- Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and sails Belting, leather . Belting and hose, rubber Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Brass and bronze products Brooms '. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Brushes 2 1 Canning and preserving, fish 3 1 Carpets, rag 2 1 Cars and general shop construction 1 and repairs by electric-railroad com- 1 pames 2 1 Charcoal 2 1 Cheese 1 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding . s No figures given for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms." Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cotton goods ". 1 Dental goods 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles.'. 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Explosives 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Firearms Fire extinguishers, chemical Fireworks Hardware Hats, fur-felt Instruments, professional and scien- tific Iron and steel forgings Jewelry MANUFACTURES— DELAWAEE. 227 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■ Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration uicome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- glnes.i In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,765,958 $1,643,610 $11,382,160 $113,869 $107,586 $594,667 $30,246,291 $1,402,974 $56,034,966 $24,386,701 64,403 48,207 1,984 4,507 9,705 19,839 1 2,414 23, 109 94,324 90,657 140,387 74,015 28,155 468,668 66,684 1,624,149 1,503,621 6,748 29,636 8,628 21,008 27,711 27,965 59,349 4,268 1,088,023 '744,341 343,682 55,451 3,932 75,314 13,160 3,786 147,601 92,603 453,737 1,186,722 107,226 129,439 32,508 30,896 17,252 30,772 40,136 327,082 80 4,526 63 215 1,484 834 4,628 1,241 476 6,217 1,895 10,281 19,168 236 1,388 74 1,314 82 859 2,567 373 24,096 16,015 8,081 360 44 11,200 80 52 889 3,204 3,573 18,916 158,342 1,460 1,016 433 1,032 563 1,128 7,071 13 1,043 1,652 703 849 12,890 505 284 186 3,710 290, 128 8,024 15,801 131,541 113,991 598,592 21,551 176,768 2,211,448 65,268 1,702,156 2,728,772 1,200 164,597 67,656 106,941 34,416 377,068 1, 187, 178 66,392 1,545,720 906 486 639,2.34 206,379 4,029 65, 189 37,476 9,042 308, 118 17,032 819,683 6,393,189 239,446 173,207 63,800 62,304 46,702 66,068 326, 192 1,573,593 989 68,044 132,184 81,243 50.941 920,606 17,660 43,617 11,797 1,470,417 6,051,046 24 943 12,896 69,331 294,668 263,479 963,936 173,395 242,096 3,164,348 196,696 3,561,424 4,944,309 42,060 285,402 98, 133 187,269 89,359 610,036 1,483,410 88,488 3,712,776 2,410,701 1,302,074 324,067 11,662 570,426 62,202 17,443 505,668 293,660 1,669,004 9,183,205 975,346 446,889 119,392' 112,601 91,634 ■ 157, 186 602,823 2,483,785 2,077 224,445 451,108 271,590 179,618 2,144,603 39,508 82,654 90,636 1, 710,.741 13,585,403 4,848 52,587 163, 117 148,765 332,413 126,376 59, 168 919,261 128,918 1,787,516 2,161,459 39,710 116,312 39,077 77,235 54,649 128,299 280,810 20,621 2,043,643 1,450,384 693, 259 114,338 7,450 365,416 20,244 8,170 191,994 235,064 736,900 2,709,151 713,992 272,682 62,362 68,908 44,198 84,142 265,252 730,636 1,088 153,033 311,056 186,122 126,934 1,117,039 21,663 37,699 76,766 211,717 7,266,389 8 57 296 890 263 767 257 2,993 181 2,820 3,833 37 139 17 122 12 296 3,287 28 7,614 5,067 2,547 79 5 158 28 6 185 1,694 3,545 5,163 630 2,052 296 52 27 681 745 5,954 ■■■■29S' 853 57 515 257 2,894 2,820 1,961 18 7 8 7 2 3,060 13,558 4,421 11,424 13,160 6,700 67,063 5,022 141,118 124,408 6,500 3,720 2,500 1,220 4,770 14,970 8,660 858 4,056 3,206 16,434 1,396 4,535 29,953 3,332 111,967 130,057 4,135 6,270 2,674 3,596 1,820 5,728 6,376 572 173,469 106,194 67,275 2^488 50 .S 5,494 2,589 4 225 10,437 1,480 2,124 4,836 4,378 723 22,931 25,468 7,160 33,649 2,510 61,762 54,078 1,150 4,493 •1,400 3,093 295 4,669 15,422 1,476 123,412 63,831 69,581 3,360 83 149,821 4,482 231 6,556 41,574 112,421 80,865 21,908 37 24 5 182 252 6 200 7 8 1,479 6^ 99 97 9 84 2,237 3,234 5 5' 5 2,272 427- 1,846 14 10 11 1,872 15 86 17 69 8 15 63 19 3,748 3,748 12 21,447 250 4 46 n 7,873 4,320 3,553 1,176 1,030 8,526 364 4,135 4,135 14 15 250 7 ■■■■246' 860 9 3,832~ 1,287 2,545 46 4 40 446 ■i,"929' 16 17 IS 19 ?0 271,383 178,881 92,602 11,760 1,416 1,416 34 32 2 69 21 22 9-^ 9,121 197 210 85 2,844 108 20 5 24 ?5 22,030 520 34,423 728 430 2,184 5,285 65,896 133,141 12,352 3,080 2,739 600 2,492 3,203 2,488 62,122 153 28 5 26 72 552 600 16 780 5,900 27 5 10 32 22' 2,576 668 32 ■'S 11,206 13,935 93,695 157,572 49,214 6,688 3,839 5,852 3,372 7,395 10,600 62,903 176 1,630 3,620 4,902 522 2,062 149 12" 681 720 5,249 ?9 382 411 132 26 30 31 261 108 V> It 14,166 422 665 1,307 3,120 ^4 3,230 1,289 734 7,976 11,379 179,656 146 45 15 Ti 7 SB V 3 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace- Automobile bodies and parts 1 Automobile repairing 9 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Belting, leather 1 Belting and hose, rubber 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brick 2 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Clothing, men's 1 Coflee, roasting and grinding 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 6 Cotton goods 1 Dyeing and fhiishing textiles 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Fertilizers 1 Firearms 1 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products .... 1 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas, illummating and heating 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 2 Hardware 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 Ice, manu&ctured 3 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel forgings 1 Jewelry 1 Jute goods '. 1 Lard 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finked IS Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— DELAWARE. OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES: 1914— Continued. 229 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- terjnal- com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,237,036 SI, 127, 095 $8,673,788 $79,478 $81,829 $369,425 $21, 190, 897 $39,402,563 $17,262,003 38,974 27,676 200 1,948 9,160 13,682 278, 350 213 42 171 3,436 89,635 1,787,616 2,161,459 108 2,820 3,833 90 17 73 28 7,298 5 5 185 630 160 45 25 116 199 "2,' 820' 1,961 7 30 78 "2,' 237" 3,234 2,077 32 1,872 83 17 66 19 3,743 5 6 10 108 146 45 IS 116 .199 89,895 39,077 50,818 20,621 7 9 3,547 1,870,673 7,450 8,170 8 191,994 175 522 14 713,992 36,455 36,471 33,866 149, 838 10 233,414 17,682 194,912 9,336,174 436 22,778 357 18,212 79 2,456 "6,162' 162 .1,948 9,984 5,022 141,118 124,408 3,020 2,500 620 254,363 11,206 49,214 4,052 1,872 8,920 20,932 10,886 592,039 15,874 3,332 111,967 130,057 6,270 2,674 672 142,937 430 2,184 12,352 600 1,692 6,133 39,982 2,496 17,444 632, 773 121,082 1,080 47,077 1,524,149 1,503,621 24,806 8,628 16,178 4,268 991,561 3,932 3,786 147,601 107,226 23,045 20,198 14,579 63,404 97,569 9,986 77,605 i, 887, 213 250 '256' 258 197 1,693 32,276 44,904 9,186 120 3,456 8,170 4,320 3,850 364 3,975 108 552 600 540 1,235 3,060 3,090 4,962 121 2,889 39,401 3,947 30 1,577 10,281 19, 168 1,175 74 1,101 373 22,037 44 52 158,342 606 1,004 1,053 474 3,391 143, 693 523,913 6,922 39,253 1,702,156 2,728,772 141,432 67,656 83,776 66,392 1,214,808 4,029 9,042 308,118 239,446 22,768 24,958 42,475 63,813 106,327 12,342 1,342,381 12,591,550 17,900 115 1,960 61, 762 54,078 3,669 1,400 ■ 2,269 1,475 110,794 83 231 5,556 21,908 2,681 1,156 644 3,179 5,634 122 27,785 629,041 820, 163 10,473 130,848 3,551,424 4,944,309 234,996 98, 133 136,863 3,196,275 11,562 17,443 505,668 975,346 61,904 62,585 76,985 216,830 345,275 30, 146 1,565,078 22,656,765 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. Lubricating greases 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Musical mstruments, organs 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 2 Paints 2 Paper and wood pulp 2 Paper goods 1 Patent medicines and compounds Paving materials Phonographs and graphophones Photo-engraving Pickles and preserves Plumbers' supplies Pulp goods Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied:......... ' Same number reported throughout the year. Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-pacJcing establishments.. 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 3 Silk goods 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stamped and enameled ware 1 . Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling rnills 4 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 17 Upholstering materials 1 wallpaper, not made In paper mills. 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, C. F. WOLFLEY. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character. — ^The District of Columbia, which is coextensive with the city of Washington, contains 70 square miles, of which 60 represent land surface. Its population in 1900 was 278,718, and in 1910, 331,069, and it is estimated that in 1914 its inhabitants num- bered 353,000. In total population in 1910, the Dis- trict outranked six states — New Mexico, Idaho, Ari- zona, Delaware, Wyoming, and Nevada. Its density of population in that year was 5,518 inhabitants per square mile, as compared with 4,645 in 1900. Importance and growth of manufactures. — ^The manufactured products of the District in 1914 were valued at $28,978,241, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing indus- tries was 8,877, exclusive of the establishments operated by the Federal Government. At each of the last three censuses the output of manufactures, as measured by value, represented only one-tenth of 1 per cent of the total for the United States. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the District of Columbia, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments ^ Persons engaged Proprietors and finn members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Eent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANDFACTTTRING INDUSTEIES. 1914 514 11,323 435 2.011 8,877 24,775 140,810,200 8,605,693 2,537,001 6,068,692 847,785 1,320,268 12,239,123 28,978,241 18, 739, 118 1909 518 9,758 475 1,576 7,707 16,563 $30,552,623 6,835,052 1,845,603 4,989,449 304,326 792, 718 10,246,534 25,289,136 15,042,602 1904 482 7,778 473 1,006 6,299 12,592 J20,199,783 4,864,979 1,206,609 3,658,370 261,369 » 347, 732 7,731,971 18,359,159 10,627,188 1899 491 m c) 957 6,155 10,255 $17,960,498 3,894,788 8'1,S82 3,022,906 7, 475, 216 16,426,408 8,951,192 PEE CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 -0.8 16.0 -8.4 27.6 15.2 49.6 33.6 25.9 37.5 21.6 178.6 66.5 19.4 14.8 11.3 7.5 26.5 0.4 56.7 22.4 31.5 51.2 40.5 63.0 36.4 16.4 32.5 37.7 41.5 -1.8 5.1 2.3 22.8 12.5 24.9 38.4 21.0 3.4 11.8 18.7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. The figures in the preceding table reflect a general increase in the manufacturing activities of the Dis- trict during the period from 1909 to 1914. The great- €st relative gain, however, is shown for the preceding five years, 1904 to 1909. Although there were fewer establishments by four in 1914 than in 1909, the num- ber of wage earners employed in manufactures in- creased 15.2 per cent and the value of products and value added by manufacture 14.6 per cent and 11.3 per cent, respectively. The largest percentage of increase (178.6) shown in the table was for contract work. The variance in the amount reported for this item has no special signifi- cance, because the expenditure for such work depends upon the methods followed in carrying on the various industries and npt on the magnitude of the operations. The decrease inr the number of proprietors and firm members is explained in the analysis of Table 4. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Digitized by Separate statistics are presented for 10 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $290,000 were reported in 1914. These industries include 5 with products exceeding $1,000,- 000 in value and 5 with products valued between $290,000 and $1,000,000. Among those included un- der the head of "all other industries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, as follows: Slaughtering and meat pack- ing, the manufacture of yeast, gas, and ice, the opera- tions of steel works and rolling mills and of steam- railroad repair shops. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, but the arrangement would vary from that given if based on the average number of wage earners or on the value added by manufacture. Printing and pub- lishing and bakeries, the two leading industries, held l\m!QrQS0reWiiYe rank in all three items. Malt liquors, (231) ii32 MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. third in value of products and value added by manu- facture, was fourth in number of wage earners. Foundry and machine-shop products, fourth in value of products and value added by manufacture, ranked third in number of wage earners. Confec- tionery (ice cream), fifth in value of products and value added by manufacture, was sixth in number of wage earners. Table Z CENSUS 'of 1914. PER CENT OF INCREASE.^ Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 514 8,877 100.0 J28,97S,241 100.0 116,739,118 100.0 15.2 22.4 2.3 14.6 37.7 11.8 11.3 41.6 18.7 Printing and publishing 156 58 4 26 6 20 10 5 22 12 195 1,671 1,161 270 562 199 169 249 29 191 130 4,246 18.8 13.1 3.0 6.3 2.2 1.9 2.8 0.3 2.2 1.5 47.8 6,241,578 3,916,169 1,547,833 1,230,244 1,032,015 612,645 441,072 428,312 340,589 290,287 12,897,497 21.5 13.5 5.3 4.2 3.6 2.1 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 44.5 4,593,389 1,625,441 940,581 711,977 529,859 394,244 247,056 124, 480 183,123 142,953 7,246,016 27.4 9,7 ,5.6 4.2 3.2 2.4 1.5 0.7 1.1 0.8 43.3 6.8 19.1 8.9 10.4 36.0 26.4 18.1 73.7 -17.8 31.1 9.9 -21.9 27.4 9.1 -14.2 4.7 23.8 34.2 ' 64.7 165.2 40.9 37.9 -12.9 -53.4 20.8 17.1 -31.8 0.4 13.3 26.8 66.9 164.1 46.7 Bread and other bakery products Liquors, malt ... 29.3 -21.0 Foundry and machine-shop products . . Confectionery (ice cream). . , Patent medicines and compounds and -49.7 69.6 -27.6 -18.2 0.3 -47.2 45.4 56.4 96.6 49.1 230.7 13.3 18.4 -12.5 -9.2 3.7 20.8 -30.4 -16.8 2.2 -52.2 42.8 43.1 13.4 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills -19.4 14.0 27.8 40.1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 17.9 -50.9 9.5 -8.1 14.6 167.0 0.6 All other industries 1 , 1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 21; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. In rank according to value of products there were a few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, printing and publishing, bread and other bakery products, malt liquors, and fomidry and niachine- shop products, at both censuses, ranked in the order named. The lumber industry dropped from fifth place in 1909 to seventh in 1914, and marble and stone work from sixth iti 1909 to tenth in 1914. The manufacture of ice cream and the roasting and grinding of coffee, ranking fifth and seventh, respectively, in 1914, were not shown separately in 1909. Printing and puhlisTiing. ^-The classification, for com- parative purposes, includes the printing and publishing of newspapers and periodicals, book and job printing, bookbinding and blank-book making, the engraving of steel and copper plates, including plate printing, and Uthographing. Nearly one-third of the total establish- ments reported for the District were engaged in this industry in both 1909 and 1914. The value of prod- ucts, representing 21.5 per cent of the total for all industries, increased 27.4 per cent from 1909 to 1914. The average number of wage earners shows only a slight increase, 6.8 per cent, but an increase of 20.8 per cent is shown for value added by manufacture. Bread and other hakery products. — ^Although the number of estabhshments engaged in this industry has decreased from census to census, general increases are shown for average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, but the percentage of increase has been less at each suc- ceeding census. Digitized by Liquors, malt. — ^This industry shows a slight increase from 1909 to 1914 in wage earners but a decrease of 14.2 per cent in value of products and of 31.8 per cent in value added by manufacture. The preceding five years, however, marked a period of considerable growth in the industry, as measured by value of prod- ucts and value added by manufacture. Foundry and machine-sTiop products. — In addition to the general class of foundries and machine shops, es- tabhshments engaged in such special Unes as automo- bile repairing and the manufacture of structural iron- work are included ill this classification. It does not include, however, machine shops which manufacture distiactive products covered by other classifications. The industry showed an increase of 10.4 per cent from 1909 to 1914 in average number of wage earners employed and sHght gains in value of products and value added by manufacture. The relative impor- tance of the industry, however, was slightly less in 1914 than in 1909. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons*engaged in manu- factures was 11,323, of whom 8,877, or nearly four- fifths, were wage earners, 928 were proprietors and officials, and 1,518 were clerks and other subordinate s.alaried emnloyees. Of the wage earners 16 years of MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 233 age and over 7,760, or nearly nine-tenths, were males, and 1,074, or slightly more than one-tenth, were females. The greatest proportion of females in any one class (3 1.5, per cent) was shown for clerks. More than one-haM of the wage earners under 16 years of age were females, but this class of employees formed a negligible proportion of the total. Figures for indi- vidual industries will be found in Table 22. Table 3 Cen- -^us year. PERSONS ENGiGED IN MANTTFAC- TUKING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFAC- TURING INDiTSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 11,323 9,758 9,fi92 8,598 1,631 1,160 85.6 88.1 14.4 11.9 Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1,518 1,152 8,877 7,707 1,040 853 7,780 6,879 478 299 1,097 828 68,5 74.0 87.6 89.3 31.5 26.0 Proprietors and officials 928 899 872 866 66 33 94.0 96.3 6.0 3.7 12.4 10.7 Proprietors and firm members .. . Salaried ofTicers of corporations.. Superintendents and managers.. 435 475 199 170 294 . 254 404 455 189 164 279 217 31 20 10 6 16 7 92.9 95.8 95.0 96.5 94.9 97.2 7.1 4.2 5.0 3.5 5.1 2.8 8,834 7,688 43 19 7,760 6,861 20 18 1,074 827 23 1 * 87.8 89.2 46.5 94.7 12.2 Under 16 vears of aee 10.8 63.5 5.3 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 16.0 3.2 -8.4 17.1 15.7 31.8 15.2 14.9 Male. 12.7 0.7 -11.2 15.2 13.0 21.9 13.1 13.1 Female. 69.9 32.5 29.9 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 8.2 3.8 1.8 2.6 13.4 78.4 78.0 0.4 9.2 4.9 1.7 2.6 11.8 79.0 78.8 0.2 Male. 1911 1909 100.0 9.0 4.2 2.0 2.9 10.7 80.3 80.1 0.2 100.0 10.1 5.3 1.9 2.9 9.9 80.0 79.8 0.2 Female. 1914 1909 3.4 1.9 0.6 0.9 29.3 67.2 65.8 1.4 100.0 2.8 1.7 0.5 0.6 25.8 71.4 71.3 0.1 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. During the five-year period covered by the table, each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and firm members, showed a fair increase, but the relative importance of each class in 1914 was practically the same as in 1909. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes com- bined, 31.8 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. The increase in this group is traceable to the female element, as the males show only slight relative gain. The decrease in proprietors and firm members follows the decrease in number of establishments. It is also due in part to changes, in organization as shown by Table 10. A number of establishments operated by individuals or firms in 1909 were subsequently incorporated, and it is probable that the owners of some were classed as salaried officials in 1914. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that, shcrwn at the census of 1904, it is necessary uLMQlti^^M^^- ' cation employed at the earlier census. (See "Expla- nation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distri- bution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 190* 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 11,323 9,758 7,778 lOO.^B 100.0 100.0 16.0 25 5 Proprietors and firm members . 435 2,011 8,877 475 1,576 7,707 473 1,006 6,299 3.8 17.8 78.4 4.9 16.2 79.0 6.1 12.9 81.0 -8.4 27.6 15.2 0.4 56 7 Wage earners (average) 22.4 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. During the decade 1904-1914 the number of per- sons engaged in- manufactures increased 45.6 per cent. The decrease of 8 per cent for the same period in , J«;oprietor^and firm members is, more than offset by •'OTrtfeQiawffWcreases in the other two classes. Sal- 234 MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. aried employees formed an increasing proportion of the total from census to census, but wage earners decreased from 81 per cent of the total in 1904 to 78.4 per cent in 1914. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6. All industries Bread and other bakery products Copper, tin, and sheet-iroa work foundry and machine-shop products Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not in- cluding planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAENEES. Aver- num- ber.i 8,877 7,707 6,299 1,161 975 191 152 562 509 270 248 249 309 130 265 169 78 1,671 1,565 145 63 4,329 3,643 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 87.' 99.5 98.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.7 100.0 100.0 27.8 37.2 79.8 81.4 61.4 74.6 88.7 87.9 Fe- male. 12.1 10.7 9.7 6.1 0.5 0.2 .0.2 71.6 61.5 18.7 18.1 38.6 22.2 11.2 11.9 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.5 0.2 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.6 1.3 1.6 0.4 3.2 0.2 0.2 1 For method of estimating the distribution of the average number, by sex and age periods, for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." There has been a slight decrease since 1904 in the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over employed in all industries and a corresponding increase in the proportion of females of the same age. Children under 16 years of age represent so small a fraction of the total wage earners that the slight variations in their proportions are of no significance. Of the nine industries for which separate figures are given in this ^able, only the manufacture of copper, tin, and sheet-iron work and planing-mill products show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of male wage earners. Six of the industries furnish employ- ment to women, but printing and publishing, tobacco manufactures, and the compounding of patent medi- cines and druggists' preparations are the only ones in which female labor is employed to any considerable ex- tent. Patent medicines and compoimds and druggists' preparations is the only industry in which the combined proportion of women and children employed as wage earners is greater than that of men. In. this industry children under 16 years of age formed 1.3 per cent of the total wage earners in 1909, and in 1914 the pro- portion was but six-tenths of 1 per cent. Printing and pubhshing employed the largest proportion of children, 1.6 per cent of the total for the industry in 1914. Wage earners employed, by months.' — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and for 1904 the average number em- ployed during each month, together with the percent- age which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Month. January Februairy... March April May June July August September. . October November.. December., . WAGE EARNEKS IN M.UJUFACTUKINQ INDUSTEIES. Number.' Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8,696 7,421 5,845 94.2 93.4 86.6 8,672 7,445 6,766 94.0 93.7 85.5 8,658 7,635 6,953 93.8 94.8 88.2 8,725 7,619 6,331 94.6 95.8 93.8 9,003 7,774 6,482 97.6 97.8 96.1 8,869 7,761 6,436 96.1 97.6 96.4 8,765 7,785 6,483 95.0 97.9 96.1 8,885 7,752 6,350 96.3 97.5 94.1 8,965 7,840 6,579- 97.2 98.6 97.5 8,995 7,949 6,747 97.5 100.0 100.0 9,064 7,861 6,360 98.2 98.9 94.3 9,227 7,753 6,266 100.0 97.5 92.7 I The figiues for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. In 1914 the last two months of the year was the period of greatest industrial activity in the District, the maximmn number of wage earners appearing for December. In 1909 and 1904 the greatest number of wage earners were employed during the fall months, the maximum month appearing for October. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 981 m 1904. Table 8 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the District and for a number of selected industries. The figures presented in the table show a marked stability of employment in the District. The greatest degree of fluctuation is shown for the malt-liquor industry, where the number of wage earners in Decem- ber constituted 76.1 per cent of the number in July. The steadiest employment is furnished by the bakeries, in which industry the minimum formed 96.8 per cent of the maximum. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 235 Table 8 All industries Bread and other bakery products , foundry and maohtne-sliop products Xiquors, malt lytunber, planlng-mUl products, not including planing mills connected witli sawmills Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations •. Printmg and publishing All other industries WAGE EAKNERS: 1914. w ■ i- o [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of mmnnum by Ualic figures.] Aver- age niimber em- ployed during year. 8,877 1,161 562 270 249 1,671 4,795 Number employed on the 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 1,141 SOS ■ 268 ISO 176 1,666 4,722 Feb- ruary. 8,672 1,138 B19 261 233 174 1,674 4,673 March. !,6S8 1,153 535 261 233 175 1,666 4,635 April. 8,725 1,155 562 244 176 1,654 4,668 May. 9,003 1,173 574 275 249 165 1,693 4,874 June. 1,175 670 287 249 163 1,657 4,768 July. 8,765 1,152 601 297 273 164 Less 4,642 August. 1,165 612 261 ISl 1,648 4,744 Sep- tember. 8,966 1,171 595 261 162 1,677 4,811 Octo- ber. 1,173 576 280 164 1,664 Novem- ber. 9,064 1,166 552 237 248 173 1,687 5,001 Decem- ber. 9,227 1,170 545 as 257 •175 1,740 5,114 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 93.8 96.8 82.2 76.1 84.2 91.5 94.0 90.6 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 9 tlie average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries in the-District, have been classified according to num- ber of hours of labor per week prevailing ia the estab- lishment in which they were employed. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total even though a few employees worked a greater or less number of hours. Table 9 Cen- sus year. AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEES. , INDtJSTKT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 64 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1009 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 8,877 7,707 4,839 2,944 691 782 977 1,558 767 254 381 1,117 1,199 949 5 45 18 58 1,161 975 562 509 270 248 249 309 169 78 1,671 ],565 4,795 4,023 741 120 333 330 104 128 246 309 149 27 1,672 1,259 1,694 771 20 19 103 80 45 38 321 782 119 99 121 82 3 16 10 26 26 30 10 7 8' 7 F0UPd»*y *'-Tif1 machinfi-shnp prnHnnt, S boo 607 21 127 50 52 127 34 365 5*1 miSf-QBom 6 to 20 wage •°9 129 1,385 106 21 to 50 wage earners. is 47 1,464 94 175 154 -38 301 619 , 51 to 100 ■wage earners. as ■29 +* a H 30 2,029 249 283 65 59 591 727 101 to 250 wage earners. ■^ a ■sa 1,.551 624 'i22 287 518 251 to 50O wage earners. ,Q a 432 432 501 to 1,000 1,409 MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 237 Table 13 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 12, and for 1909, similar per- centages for all industries combined and for indi- vidual industries. Table 13 INDUSTRY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUM- BER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 6.8 7.4 15.6 17.7 16.5 24.8 22.8 22.7 17.5 10.2 4.9 9.9 15.9 7.2 Bread and other bakery products Foundry and maoMne-shop products . 7.6 8.4 2.7 4.1 9.1 10.7 15.8 21.2 8.1 24.5 31.1 32.8 30.7 48.4 61.8 28.2 22.5 51.3 18.0 28.9 12.9 20.1 21.4 16.0 50.4 41.8 24.1 22.1 60.5 34.9 53.7 40.4 Liquors, malt 45.2 51.6 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing muls connected with sawmills. Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. 2.4 2.9 12.4 26.9 7.6 9.4 7.3 13.6 8.4 30.2 21.8 21.8 20.2 15.4 35.4 32.6 15.2 17.0 17.2 8.9 10.8 3.1 9.0 18.9 29.4 7.2 19.7 13.9 Of the 514 establishments reported for all industries, 79, or 15.4 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These were small establishments, in which the work was done by proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employed a few wage earners for short periods, but the number was so small and the period so short that in computing the average number as de- cribed in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the establishments. Establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each, represented only 2.7 per cent of the total but gave employment to 3,392, or 38.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported for all estabhshments. On the other hand, the small estab- hshments — those which employed on the average less than 20 wage earners during the year — constituted 66.9 per cent of the total but gave employment to only 22.4 per cent of the wage earners . For the 77 establish- ments employing to an average of from 21 to 100 wage earners in 1914, there were 3,493 wage earners, representing 39.3 per cent of the total. Engines and power. — Table 14 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the num- ber and horsepower of engines or motors, employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by piu-chased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Table 14 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. • Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,616 940 228 24,775 16,563 12, 592 100.0 100.0 100.0 0*ffiied 285 214 67 4 1,331 1,331 278 217 65 6 662 662 228 180 42 6 18,338 15,230 2,568 540 6,437 6,407 30 14,060 12, 212 1,073 775 2,503 2,433 70 11,588 10,567 311 710 1,004 996 8 74.1 61.5 10.4 2.2 26.0 25.9 0.1 84.9 73.7 6.5 4.7 15.1 14.7 0.4 92.0 83.9 2.5 "Water wheels turbines," and motors 5.6 8.0 m 7.9 Other 0.1 !Electric 1,659 1,331 328 887 662 225 82 82 9,522 6,40r 3,115 4,527 2,433 2,094 1,761 996 765 100.0 67.3 32.7 100.0 53.7 46.3 100.0 56.6 43 4 ' Figures for horsepower include tor 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. The table shows that the total primary horse- power increased 8,212, or 49.6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, nearly one-half of which was due to the in- crease in rented power. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 8 per cent of the total primary power. By 1914 this class of power had increased to 26 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments, although consider- able, has not kept pace with rented electric power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same estabhshments represented 43.4 per cent of the total electric power in 1904 but only 32.7 per cent in 1914. Digitized. Notwithstanding the great increase ntrented powtr, owned power showed an increase of 58.2 per cent for the decade 1904^1914, and 30.4 per cent for the last five-year period. Steam is still the predominant power, representing 61.5 per cent of the total primary power. This class, however, has constituted a steadily decreasing pro- portion since 1904, when it formed 83.9 f)er cent of the total. The use of internal-combustion engines increased considerably during the decade, representing 10.4 per cent of the total primary power in 1914 and 2.5 per cent in 1909. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. 238 MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Table 15 gives, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for aU indus- tries combined, and for certain selected industries. Table 15 COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). INDUSTRY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 69,652 159,924 1,831 259,693 48,652 Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products . . . 4,701 372 4,859 645 18,836 930 2,596 132,058 204 1,042 i' 584 106 37 26 1 31 259,493 2,147 1,694 204 Lumber, planing-mill products, not in- cluding planing mills connected with sawmills 1,131 Printing and publishing 1,164 53,315 24, 992 All other industries 18,484 Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 16, however, sum- marizes these statistics for the District of Columbia for 1914 and 1909. The following table shows increases in all the items given, except in the number of proprietors and firm members. The increases in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners, amoimted to 28.6 per cent and 22.6 per cent, respectively. Estab- lishments owned by individuals reported 14 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 70.2 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 15.8 per cent. Table 16 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members , Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1911 18 1,351 10 124 1,217 1,071 1971,336 662,398 121, 408 440,990 260 29,907 181, 876 1,023,475 1909 17 ,096 13 90 $699,007 419, 71, 347, 11,8 126,2 795,9 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 23. S 7.3 39.0 34.1 69.8 26. & 151.7 44.1 28.6 I Percentages are omitted ■«rhere base is less than 100. ESTABLISHMENTS OPEEATED BY FEDEEAL GOVEENMENT. A large proportion of the wage earners of the Dis- trict of Columbia is employed by the Federal Govern- ment in operations similar to those carried on in the manufacturing establishments conducted under pri- vate ownership. These operations, however, are car- ried on for the exclusive benefit of the Government, but, as the products are not manufactured for sale, no value of products is shown. In order to avoid con- fusion, the statistics for the Government establish- ments are presented separately from those for other establishments. As shown by the following statement, which is ex- clusive of a number of manufacturing industries of minor importance common to most large governmen- tal departments, there was little change in the extent of the manufactures carried on in connection with the operations of the Federal Government during 1914 as compared with 1909, although there was a general increase for the decade 1904-1914. There were re- ported 1 1 estabhshments at each census, and the aver- age number of employees increased only 169 during the decade. Table 1 7 Census year. 13 PERSONS ENGAGED IN INDUSTRY. Capital. EXPENSES. INDUSTRY. Total. Offi- cials and clerks. Wage earners (average num- ber). Total. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Bent. Con- tract work. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 11 11 11 11,639 11,666 11,470 1,025 1,009 488 10,614 10,657 10,982 139,863,067 28,479,599 24,567,754 $17,862,758 15,508,250 14,968,958 $1,122,927 1,016,745 643,113 $10,614,466 10,663,040 9, 740, 261 $5,902,954 3,807,626 4,502,090 $12,736 10,665 34,794 $209,675; 10,274- 38,700 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 4 2 2 1 4,146 4,190 3,206 1 1 1 3,239 3,141 3,396 4,051 4,155 4,572 202 179 295 318 311 183 253 297 107 408 390 190 46 11 8 3,828 3,879 3,023 1 1 1 2,986 2,844 3,289 3,643 3,765 4,382 156 168 287 6,151,511 3,107,610 2,409,100 3,500 3,500 2,650 27,318,507 19,192,224 16i449,605 6,302,618 6,102,938 6,679,074 86,931 73,327 27,326 4,678,123 4,664,332 3,492,264 1,645 1,695 1,679 6,834,341 4,577,663 5,331,459 6,143,345 6,079,295 5,898,838 205,304 186,266 234,718 398,697 362,547 238,871 3,600,227 3,593,419 2,601,896 1,320 1,260 1,080 3,065,057 2,893,670 2,639,184 3,827,458 4,042,467 4,330,998 120,404 132,224 167,103 667,470 708,217 621,372 325 310 .699 3,488,549 1,480,676 2,569,334 1,691,610 1,587,786 1,266,626 65,000 30,637 64,169 "6," 466' 21,729- 10,149> 23,725 Instruments, professional and scientific (Smithsonian Institution). 125 Naval Gun Factory (United States Navy 280,735 203,317 107,966 433,037 449,042 287,916 10; 458 11,839 8,360 Yard). Government nrintine 2 3,294 14,975 187,946- Other industries ^ 23,298 9,442 10,565 6,096 1 Includes the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and estabhshments operated in the Geodetic Survey, the Geological Survey, and the Department of State 8 Includes the Government Printing Office and establishments operated in the Weather Bureau and the War Department. 3 Includes 2 reports from the Post Office Department tti MOSaifiislgWil See the [^^J^fpP^^JjiWlgd 1 for the mail-lock shop.' In 1904 both of these shops were; Included in 1 report, but since then the operations of the lofoslgp bbMUSeuaote^d Wd tifOrktialbmltm^ of bag repair shop. MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 239 The capital reported represented almost exclusively the value placed on the land, buildings, and machinery, and did not include cash, bills receivable, and other items similar to those reported for the estabhshments operated under private ownership. In 1914 the aver- age number of wage earners, 10,614, was 43 less than the number reported for 1909, but exceeded by 1,737 the number reported for the estabhshments conducted under private ownership in 1914. There is a marked stability in the employment of wage earners in the governmental estabhshments. In 1914 the maximum number of wage earners, 10,750, was reported for January and the minimum, 10,501, was reported for July, a difference of 249. Table 18 Januarj . . . February.. March Aprfl Miy June July August September October... November. December. WAGE EABNEES. Number.! 1911 10, 750 10, 744 10, 703 10,565 10, 528 10,566 10,501 10, 553 10, 607 10, 615 10,610 10, 626 1909 11,030 11,027 10,998 10,852 10, 631 10, 517 10,258 10, 418 10,115 10,681 10, 691 10 775 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 98.3 97.9 98.3 97.7 98.2 98.7 98.7 98.7 1909 100.0 99.9 99.7 98.4 96.4 95.3 93.0 94.4 91.7 96.8 96.0 97.7 1 The figures for 1911 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day. The different kinds of primary power, the number of engines or motors, and the amoimt of horsepower used in the Government establishments during 1914 and 1909 are given in the following table-. Table 19 NUMBER OF HOESEPOWJiK. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of • 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. 204 177 11,167 5,902 89.2 33 32 1 171 29 28 1 148 10,921 10,911 10 246 5,756 5,746 10 146 89.7 Steam engines and turbines Internal-combustion engines Kented— Electric 89.9 68.5 Electric— generated by establishments reporting 3,635 1,972 10,636 10,729 —0.9 1 A. minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The kind and amount of fuel used are shown in the following table : Table 20 Unit. QUANTITY. Percent ofin- 1914 1909 1909- 1914. Ton, 2,240 pounds.. Ton, 2,000 pounds. . Ton, 2,000 pounds.. 11,341 44,099 677 18,626 24,297 46,269 7,731 716 9,553 33,377 75.5 Bituminous coal 470. 4 Coke —19.3 Gas 1,000 cubic feet —27.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. GENERAL TABLES, Table 21 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 19(^4, the number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the District. Table 22 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the District that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and for all industries combined. Table 21 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of mar terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num-^ berof estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power, Wages. Cost of mar terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE DISTEICT— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 514 518 482 8,877' 7,707 6,299 24,776 16,663 12,692 86,069 4,989 3,668 $12,239 10,246 7,732 $28,978 25,289 18,359 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing miljioonnected with sawmuls. Marble and stone work. . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10 10 6 12 16 2^ 249 309 271 130 266 95 679 601 460 82 72 70 5162 189 169 74 180 64 $194 264 144 147 260 64 $441 609 392 Bread and other bakery products. 68 71 77 1,161 976 771 937 911 431 848 702 492 2,291 2,202 1,581 3,916 3,690 2,676 290 649 166 Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. 1914 1909 1904 5 4 3 29 17 13 61 90 41 26 9 6 304 374 194 428' 523 266 Mineral and soda waters. . 1914 1909 1904 11 9 8 95 64 104 55 67 65 60 46 •70 131 73 109 285 199 287 Confectionery. . . 1914 1909 1904 9 15 13 63 128 118 10 16 26 19 62 42 108 152 118 194 284 258 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. 1914 1909 1904 20 17 6 169 78 59 62 60 45 62 36 23 218 57 35 613 384 264 Copper, tin, and sheet- u:on work. 1914 1909 1904 22 17 12 191 152 148 49 6 43 122 108 100 157 160 71 341 340 228 Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 1904 8 166 166 2 145 1,671 1,565 1,161 2,065 1,703 986 1,239 1,101 736 1,648 1,095 601 6,242 4,899 3,958 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 126 23 15 4 5 4 562 509 293 270 248 210 871 571 267 3,065 3,571 1,695 /^ 396 310 156 222 201 173 518 466 164 607 425 335 1,230 1,176 443 1,548 1,805 Tobacco, cigars and cigar- ettes. All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 15 21 25 166 155 161 145 63 60 4,142 3,334 3,006 8 3 67 32 30 2,772 2,014 1,607 111 45 33 5,805 4,693 4,293 245 109 98 16,831 9,003 8,463 13,205 10,823 8,156 1 Includes "automobile repairing;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. " 3 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations, ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." 240 MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. , Tabie 22.— detail STATEMENT FOR THE INDU3TKY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATlVJi DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE raSTMCT— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries Automobile repairing Aivnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, and architectural and fire- prooflng terra-cotta. Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream ; Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Dental goods Druggists' preparations Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-.shop products Fur goods : Hand stamps Jewelry Liquors, malt Lithographing Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paper goods not elsewhere specified. . Patent medicines and compounds... Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling. Photo-engraving Printing and publishing, book and job. Job work only Book publishing without print- ing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Structural ironwork not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes All other industries* 11,323 87 5 63 95 1,335 140 49 324 76 248 388 68 31 41 318 164 279 157 59 123 57 85 160 82 979 953 26 1,526 686 676 264 152 177 3,847 12 493 67 98 7 4 20 17 2 20 15 5 2 1 ■' 2 1 10 3 3 2 4 1 501 244 214 12 240 478 2 264 162 8,877 105 67 3 53 85 1,161 129 29 262 63 199 191 28 46 74 334 48 22 30 270 141 249 130 50 95 38 68 123 5 52 762 762 641 327 295 19 123 145 3,313 De 9,227 Au* Je P) AIv No Je My 109 108 3 55 106 1,175 167 29 De Au Ja No< Je< De (») No Apt De Jy Au Jy Ap Je Oc De Del m Je* 70 246 212 367 77 23 34 158 273 167 56 112 87 130 5 De 789 Mh Se< Se No 21 145 179 Mh 8,668 De< 103 Fe< 45 (5) 3 No 50 Au* 67 Fe 1, 138 Fe 61 (5) 29 Au< Ja Au Au Au « Ja Ap Au< • 20 Je 27 Do 226 56 152 170 27 42 62 307 27 Mh Ja Ja De< Fe 117 Fe< 23 Ja Je (=) No* 57 115 5 Jy 737 Ja Au Jy* Ja Ap 120 309 283 17 m 103 73 3 52 101 1,165 125 227 70 157 196 27 45 331 72 22 34 266 168 257 123 49 92 47 87 130 5 62 786 786 660 334 305 21 111 157 m 103 37 1,066 125 25 176 195 20 64 330 31 19 34 266 149 267 123 37 91 41 40 5 62 600 600 264 271 6 111 m 36 100 46 184 184 (') (') 140,810,200 87,727 69,631 1,922 60,982 49,621 2,317,978 146,125 294,146 1,515,424 172,722 1,342,702 182,213 12,722 153,052 30,509 7,440 611,773 157,461 36,276 13,674 4,191,103 278,910 269,912 181,682 49,126 128,314 63,615 234,810 843,336 7,718 32,702 1,786,693 1,674,097 112,596 2,871,780 841,453 1,457,745 572,682 310,471 209,758 23,701,675 I Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, oth^ than electric. » No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." * All other industries embrace — ArtiflcialUmbs 1 Artists' materials 1 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobiles 1 Baking powders and yeast 1 Brass, bronze, and cappet products 2 Brooms, from broom corn 2 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriages and wagons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 3 Cars and g:eneral shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 2 Chemicals 1 Clothing, men's ,.. 2 Corsets 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engraving and diesiukiag 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Flags and banners 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified ; , 3 Furniture, store and office fixtures 1 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Grease and tallow, not elsewhere specified, not in- cluding lubricatmg greases 1 Hair work 1 Hammocks 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and jvool 1 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Ice, manufactured 8 Instruments, professional and scientific 2 Digitized by IVIicro.soft® MANUFACTURES— DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. DISTRICT OP COLUMBIA, BY INDUSTRIES: 1914. 241 EXPEN.SE3. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments reports ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE DISTRICT— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,237,800 SI, 299, 201 J6, 068, 692 $847,785 $282,560 $1,037,708 $10,782,494 $1,456,629 $28,978,241 816, 739, 118 24,775 16,230 2,598 540 6,407 3,115 1 4,450 2,340 2,964 7,398 69,627 29,495 1,349 29,209 19,066 848,355 49,243 26,838 144, 351 18,717 125,634 122,349 14,680 17,900 31, 084 2,682 256,445 32,291 12,688 20,438 221,691 117,803 161,997 73,591 30,640 60,308 23,159 30,4.32 43,817 1,630 53,415 505, 133 505, 133 4,040 3,346 744 3,414 4,060 16,088 1,927 4,400 9,534 2,3.58 7,176 8,432 1,476 1,625 6,001 600 9,373 8,360 1,800 2,224 1,800 5,459 7,652 4,241 4,506 6,026 2,372 1,960 13,335 876 4,720 47,462 46,486 976 51,777 33,922 9,856 7,999 220 6,896 36,824 242 403 11 498 406 16,484 1,620 1,046 8,433 1,240 7,193 926 62 660 157 25 3,573 846 383 204 260,908 1,013 2,284 758 582 2,184 314 1,725 2,338 24 162 8,065 8,014 .51 21,914 8,550 11,354 2,010 1,708 20,819 676, 932 100,447 67,471 6,524 29,908 39,216 2,220,786 12,024 300,056 567,078 106,646 461,432 156, 167 10, 796 70,949 23,206 70,585 190,577 86, 730 32,268 9,749 536,128 112, 113 187, 178 145,998 73,008 127,868 13,773 116,071 147,040 13,846 15,720 438,334 437,711 623 980,088 315,336 619,763 44,989 210,178 110,391 3, 561, 224 2,564 792 213,267 138,448 12,532 79,319 76,088 3,916,169 . 119,361 428,312 1,226,173 194, 168 1,032,016 340,589 48,600 135,915 90,210 78,048 646,203 192,418 64,513 49,875 1,647,833 314, 119 441,072 290,287 156,848 284,706 76,900 251,446 476,730 17,794 136,671 1,618,662 1,578,045 40,617 4,139,268 1,367,662 1,607,689 1,164,017 370,774 244,913 10, 765, 179 110,256 70, 185 6,008 48,647 36,397 1,625,441 74,462 124,480 615,899 86,040 529,869 183,123 37,577 64,874 66,373 6,445 446,244 105, 113 31,578 39,716 940,581 196,111 247,066 142,953 83,008 153,677 61,126 133,656 329,370 3,721 118, 167 1, 164, 723 1, 114, 729 39,994 3, 127, 535 1,035,699 974, 146 1,117,690 156,477 133,896 6,066,263 45 12 46 12 •?, •>, 4 2,080 2,957 80,820 7,590 25,120 42,780 1,560 41,220 12,694 1,800 13,200 9,360 150 32,736 3,000 3,900 4,960 69,066 26,419 2,808 12, 114 988 3,030 92,059 3,308 10,496 25,972 600 25,372 4,878 100 764 1,475 69,942 32,885 3,776 43,196 2,472 40,724 1,299 228 92 631 1,018 9,382 575 667 410 71,124 5,895 6,838 1,336 832 3,161 1,001 2,718 320 227 2,784 25,605 25,605 16 29 937 390 61 1,307 10 1,297 49 5 5 9 190 510 13 7 5 3,065 83 679 82 31 55 33 88 57 22 31 573 673 16 11 659 211 5 358 390 "i,'i86' 18 20 6 2,415 7 8 10,000 500 500 12 49 127 10 117 14 6 6 9 45 150 13 7 5 14 68 75 33 31 20 13 15 57 7 31 508 608 "■"266" '""266' 3 i" i 400 2" 9 in 11 1,180 T" 500 35 13 350 1,650 100 13,482 1,586 3,251 520 30,863 7,416 16,635 1,460 1,820 9,402 572 2,287 6,167 15 1,200 ........ 16 ■ 145 201 17 6,600 1,500 159 18 19 500 ''1 3,046 16 620 5 22 ?3 10,541 271 84 49 24 25 26 27 28 29 14,490 2,706 19,811 28,922 24 11 20 73 970 16 31 32 33 18,220 142,630 135,530 7,100 342, 119 116,989 145,674 79,456 9,400 10,396 288,762 13,886 65,881 39,906 15,975 622,254 286,639 228,062 107,653 23,822 10,040 325,674 28,636 18,411 10,125 771,834 5,824 11,027 754,983 3,500 100 9,718 65 65 35 36 ?7 556,250 283,285 • 266,986 5,979 69,780 66,786 2,325,270 31,645 16,527 13,780 1,338 5,119 626 1, 127, 702 1,384 628 749 7 316 8 14,678 275 5 1,104 628 469 7 292 4 3,063 "2,' 297' 275 5 38 39 "9," 076' 24 4 1,999 "'546' 40 41 42 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Lime 1 Millinery and lace goods, not elsewhere specified . . 2 Musical instruments, organs 1 Optical goods 3 Paints 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paving materials 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Pickles and sauces .' 1 Pottery, earthen and stone ware 2 Printing and publishing music 1 Printing materials 1 Pumps, not including power pumps 1 Regalia and society badges and emblems 1 Sand-lime brick 1 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat- packing establishments 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, repair work only 2 Shirts 2 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 5 Statuary and art goods x Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Surgical appliances 2 Trunks and valises " " 2 Vinegar and cider " | \ Window and door screens \ Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework 1 82101°— 18- -16 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® FLORIDA. By F. W. Chase. GENEEAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Florida was admitted to the Union as a state in 1845. With a gross area of 58,666 square miles, of which 54,861 represent land surface, it ranks twenty-first in size among the states. Its coast line — 572 miles on the Atlantic and 674 miles on the Gulf — is longer than that of any other state. The inhabitants of Florida in 1900 numbered 528,542, and in 1910, 752,619; and the estimated population of the state in 1914 was 848,000. In total population Florida ranked thirty- third among the states in 1910; and in density of popu- lation it ranked thirty-seventh, with 13.7 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 9.6. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 219,080, or 29.1 per cent of the total, as against 20.3 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 five cities, each with an esti- mated poptdation of more than 10,000; Jacksonville, Key West, Pensacola, Tampa, and West Tampa. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year represented 20.8 per cent of the estimated total population of Florida, reported 42.7 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage of the state in 1914 was 5,120, and its electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 152. Furthemiore, the numerous harbors on its long coast line, together with the inland waterway which connects Jacksonville with Biscayne Bay, give Florida exceptional facilities for water trans- portation. The leading agricultural products of the state are fruits and nuts, of which its output in 1909 was val- ued at $7,711,582. In that year it ranked second only to California in value of orange and lemon crops. The value of merchandise exported dui;ing the fiscal year 1914 from the 13 ports of entry comprised in the Florida customs district was $41,838,924. The leading port is Pensacola. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Florida's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $81,112,291, and the average number of wage earn- ers employed in its manufacturing industries was 55,608. In that year the state ranked thirty-eighth in the United States in the former respect and thir- tieth in the latter. Florida's proportion of the total manufactures of the United States in 1914 was in- significant — a trifle over three-tenths of 1 per cent. The state shows, however, an increase of 11.3 per cent over 1909. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state of Florida for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members , . Sallied employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANUTACTUEING mDUSTEIES. 1914 2,518 63,204 2,682 4,914 55. 608 100,071 888,318,983 30,112,454 6,290,131 24,822,323 1,057,998 2,419,075 33,815,688 81, 112, 291 47,296,603 1909 2,159 64.810 2,712 4,625 67,473 89,816 $65,290,643 27,936,439 4,954,867 22,981,572 1,316,765 1,993,014 26, 128, 279 72,889,659 46,761,380 1904 1,413 46,985 1,769 3,125 42,091 43, 413 832,971,982 18, 436, 908 2, 669, 726 15, 767, 182 556,925 8 339, 898 16,532,439 60,298,290 33, 765, 861 1899 1.275 1,781 36, 471 36,356 $25,682,171 12,216,019 1,299,576 10, 916, 443 12,847,187 34,183,509 21,336,322 PER CENT OF INCREASE.l 1909-1914 16.6 -2.5 -1.1 6.2 -3.2 11.4 36.3 7.8 6.8 8.0 -19.7 21.4 29.4 11.3 1.1 1904-1909 1899-1904 52.8 37.9 63.3 48.0 36.6 106.9 98.0 51.5 86.6 45.8 136.4 58.0 44.9 38.5 10.8 75.5 18.7 19.4 28.4 50.9 105.4 44.4 28.7 47.1 68.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. During the 15 years covered by Table 1 the manu- facturing establishments of the state have nearly dou- bled in number. In 1899 there were only 1,275 manu- facturing establishments, while 1914 shows 2,518, which gave employment to 63,204 persons during the year. Of this number, 55,608 were- will be noted that while the average- earners decreased 3.2 per cent in Figures not available. s Excluding internal revenue. year period the wages increased 8 per cent. During the same period the number of establishments ia- creased 16.6 per cent, and the capital invested, 35.3 per cent. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading wage jsarners. , it , manulactuxmg the last five- 1899 to 1914. industries in 1914, and gives percent- sise for the three five-year periods from (243) 244 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. Table 2 CENSU3 OF 1914. - PEB CENT OF INCREASE. 1 mDUSTBY. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by- manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 All industries 2,518 55,608 100.0 $81,112,291 100.0 $47,296,603 100.0 -3.2 36.5 18.7 11.3 44.9 47.1 1.1 38.5 58.2 Lumber and timber products 507 270 508 22 235 13 92 184 87 114 14 4 11 65 19 4 10 21 26 18 46 59 4 8 14 3 13 147 18,358 10, 761 15,466 781 1,220 2,311 760 672 694 271 349 118 54 486 45 457 191 194 124 302 169 197 220 60 47 11 22 1,268 33.0 19.4 27.8 1.4 2.2. 4.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 '(^ 2.3 21,456,898 19,385,659 9, .573, 083 6,995,051 3,017,140 2,589,930 2,202,769 2,169,320 1,408,416 1,049,518 1,049,132 1,016,186 925,386 804, .399 696,767 635,385 434,273 417,921 398, 741 396, 195 304,604 304,587 270,670 177,061 170,941 166,813 166, 237 2,929,209 26.4 23.9 11.8 8.6 3.7 3.2 2.7 2.7 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.6 13,530,656 11,646,998 6,989,518 2,339,010 2,214,448 1,610,284 1,586,118 977,167 874,454 492,401 710,946 195, 718 136,687 523,998 231,366 353,580 160,466 178,477 144,769 258,473 209,288 173,634 179,482 66,755 103,864 128,682 32,206 1,247,158 28.6 24.6 14.8 4.9 4.7 3.4 3.4 2.1 1.8 1.0 1.5 0.4 ••vO.3 1.1 0.5 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 2.6 -4.5 -12.4 -14.8 32.6 34.8 31.8 64.8 65.9 39.6 61.3 66.2 64.8 27.2 16.7 143.4 66.7 57.8 56.3 42.6 13.3 51.6 3.1 106.8 33.7 16.0 24.5 85.6 2.8 -10.1 -19.8 80.4 61.7 48.6 82.5 67.9 68.2 103.9 79.3 60.8 28.7 20.6 143.9 63.8 50.8 76.5 72.7 12.0 56.1 53.0 218.0 88.9 4.0 59.8 146.1 -7.5 -9.6 -29.9 133.0 54.7 41.0 92.8 83.6 72.7 64.5 76.4 62.6 26.8 8.6 278.5 64.8 86.6 60.4 60.2 28.6 69.1 74.9 Fertilizers 56.8 94.0 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 15.0 71.6 Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products . 114.2 116.3 86.3 152.1 84.7 97.0 73.0 171.1 Gas, illuminating and heating Oil cottonseed and cake 80.6 Slaughtering and meat packing SMpbuilding, wooden, including boat 98.1 81.7 166. Q 26.0 30.3 96.2 280.0 4.5 -32.7 41.9 114.8 93.1 27.1 29.1 -45.3 59.9 31.7 117.2 93.3 48.0 51.4 "75.' 6' 59.3 241.8 29.6 .38.2 33.6 136.8 -3.0 -13.6 43.1 130.6 56.3 16.0 82.2 -48.8 54.7 10.0 110.3 Boxes, cigat ... , 23.5 43.6 3.2 61.6 -0.7 2.2 86.2 "20.' 3' 112.2 23.5 28.1 Copper "tin, and sheet-iron work -31.2 -26.6 58.9 3.3 17.3 64.7 37.1 68.6 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 85.8 53.9 -33.5 1.2 -44.0 37.4 -36.9 31.0 -40.5 Flour-mill and gristmill products 19.7 7.0 13.6 1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 29; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 27 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $150,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding S10,000,000 in value, 3 with products between $3,000,000 and $10,000,000, 7 with products between $1,000,000 and $3,000,000, and 15 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are a few which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in this table but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibUity of disclosing the operations of individual establishments, as follows: Bags, other than paper; malt liquors; wood distillation; and wood preserving. The industries in this table are arranged in order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary somewhat if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture, lumber and timber products being the only one ranking the same in all three respects. Tobacco manufactures, second in importance as to value of products and value added by manufacture, was third in average number of wage earners; turpen- tine and rosin, third in value of products and value added by manufacture, was second in average number of wage earners ; and fertilizers, fourth in value of prod- ucts and value added by manufacti average number of wage earners. In rank according to value of products, there were a few changes in 1914, as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries, turpentine and rosin, fertilizers, and printing and publishing held the same rank at both censuses, namely, third, fourth, and fifth; whereas tobacco, and lumber ajid timber, ranking first and second in 1909, reversed their order of im- portance in 1914. For the remainder of the industries only slight changes are noticeable. Lumher and timber products. — This classification includes the operations of logging camps, sawmills, planing mills, and wooden-box factories. In 1914 this industry lead aU others in the state, giving em- ployment to almost a third of the total wage earners reported, and contributing more than a fourth of the total manufactures. Although there were fewer establishments in 1914 than in 1909, and a decrease of 4.5 per cent in average number of wage earners em- ployed, the products increased in value 2.8 per cent. The period of greatest growth reported for the industry was from 1904 to 1909, when the percentages of in- crease for wage earners and value of products were 64.8 and 60.8, respectively. .Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. — The figures shown for this industry embrace the establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes. The 270 estabhshments reported in 1914 gave em- /l/^t?i!Pl9®0/l®an average of 10,761 wage earners and I manufactured products valued at $19,385,659. Meas- MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. 245 V ured by value of products, Florida ranked fifth among the states in this branch of the tobacco industry in 1914. Turpentine and rosin. — Florida reported 45.6 per .cent of the total value of turpentine and rosin pro- duced in the United States in 1914, 47.2 per cent in 1909, and 41.4 per cent in 1904, occupying first place among the states in this industry for the three census years. The percentages of decrease over the 1909 figures for average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture — 14.8, 19.8, and 29.9, respectively — ^result in a measure from the depletion of the longleaf pine forests. Fertilizers. — ^This industry has obtained its greatest development in the South Atlantic states, due to the existence there of phosphate mines and of the cotton- seed-oil mills. In Florida there was an increase during the last five-year period of 10 establishments and $3,116,755 in value of products. For the decade this industry shows an increase of nearly 340 per cent in value of products. Florida's marketed production of phosphate rock — one of the principal ingredients of phosphate — as com- piled by the Geological Survey for the year 1914, was 2,138,891 long tons, valued at $7,355,000, or 78 per cent of the entire production of the Urdted States. The production marketed in 1913 was 2,545,276 long tons, valued at $9,563,084. This decrease of 16 per cent in quantity and 23 per cent in .value is accounted for by the fact that the shipment of phosphate rock to European coim.tries had almost entirely ceased during the autumn of 1914. Printing and publishing. — This industry includes book and job printing and theprinting and pubUshing of newspapers and periodicals. Measured by value of products, this industry ranked fifth in importance among the manufacturing interests of the state, both in 1914 and 1909. There were 61 more establishments in 1914 than in 1909, and wage earners and value of products advanced 34.8 per cent and 61.7 per cent, respectively, during the five-year period. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the aver- age number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average num- ber of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtamed by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAaED IN MANUPAC- TUEING INDUSTHIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of to till. Male. Pe-" male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 .1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 63,204 64,810 59,739 61,500 3,466 3,310 94.5 94.9 1 5.5 5.1 4,620 4,614 4,546 4,641 74 73 98.4 98.4 l.ft 1.6 Proprietors and Arm members . . Salaried officers of corporations . Superintendents and managers . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number)... . . 2,682 2,712 646 469 1,392 1,433 2,976 2,723 56,608 57,473 2,620 2,652 537 462 1,389 1,427 2,718 2,539 52,476 64,420 62 60 9 7 3 6 268 184 3,133 3,053 97.7 97.8 98.4 98.5 99.8 99.6 91.3 93.2 94.4 94.7 2.3 2.2 1.6 1.5 0.2 0.4 8.7 -6.8 5.6 6.3 64,951 56,632 657 941 51,871 53,520 604 900 3,080 3,012 63 41 94.4 94.7 91.9. 95.6 6.6 Under 16 years of age 6.3 8.1 4.4 Of the 63,204 persons engaged in the manufactures of the state during 1914, 55,608, or nearly nine-tenths, were wage earners, 51,871 being males 16 years of age and over and 604 males below that age. Female wage earners under 16 years of age numbered only 53 in 1914 and 41 in 1909. Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, numbering 2,976, showed a larger propor- tion of females than any other class, 8.7 per cent, as compared with 6.8 per cent in 1909. The 4,620 pro- prietors and officials were distributed in the propor- tions of 98.4 per cent male, as against 1.6 per cent female. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners will be found in Table 30. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and ofBoials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.. 0.1 -1.1 16.4 -2.9 9.3 Wage earners (average number) _.- ,- .,.., --3M. 16years_ofage^«.d^over..................-.^ Under 16 years of age. . PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANIIFACTUEING INDUSTP.IES. Per cent of increase, ' 1909-1914. Total. -2.5 Male. -2.9 0.1 -1.2 16.2 -2.7 7.1 Female. ■4.7 40.2 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 7.3 4.2 0.9 2.2 88.0 86.9 1.0 7.1 4.2 0.7 2.2 4.2 88.7 87.2 1.5 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 7.6 4.4 0.9 2.3 4.5 87.8 86.8 1.0 I A minus sign (-) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 7.4 4.3 0.8 2.3 88.5 87.0 1.5 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 2.1 1.8 0.3 0.1 7.4 90.4 88.9 1.5 100.0 2.2 1.8 0.2 0.2 6.6 92.2 91.0 1.2 246 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. This table shows a decrease during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of salaried officials, and clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. The largest percentage of decrease for both sexes combined, 30.2, is shown for wage earners under 16 years of age. Wage earners 16 years of age and over, representing 86.9 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914, decreased 2.8 per cent during the five years. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- ga,ged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classification enlployed at the earher census. (See "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAOED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. NumlDer. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 190 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 63,204 64,810 46,985 100.0 100.0 100.0 -2.5 37 9 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees . . 2,682 4,914 55,608 2,712 4,625 57,473 1,769 3,125 42,091 4.2 7.8 88.0 4.2 7.1 88.7 3.8 6.7 89.6 -1.1 6.2 -3.2 53.3 48 Wage earners (average) 38.5 » A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Salaried employees show an increase at each census, although much the greater for the five-year period 1904-1909. The other two classes show small de- creases for the five-year period 1909-1914. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. The decrease of 1,865 in the average number of wage earners employed in all industries is traceable to the turpentine and rosin industry, which reported 2,677 fewer wage earners in 1914 than in 1909. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over shows but a shght change from census to census, while the proportion of adult females shows a slight increase. There was a decrease in the proportion of children under 16 years of age as reported at the last census, although an increase was shown at the previous census. Of the 13 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, tobacco manufactures and the cigar-box industry are the only ones which furnish employment to women to any considerable extent, more than two-thirds of the women employed in manufactures being reported by these two industries. The wage earners under 16 years of aae inxFloj-idaiAri mMMW M^cm^f^ employed principally in the lumber and timber, and the turpentine and rosin industries, these two indus- tries employing over 60 per cent of the total number;" whUe the per cent distribution for the latter industry is slightly in excess of that for 1909, the actual number employed is less — 306 children being reported in 1909 and 286 in 1914. Table 6 All industries.. Boxes, cigar Bread and other bakery products.. Brick and tile Cars and general sbop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Fertilizers Foundry and macbine-sliop products. Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes . Turpentine and rosin All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.! 55,608 67,473 42,091 467 370 672' 405 302 439 2,311 1,753 781 508 349 210 760 461 18,358 19,227 1,220 905 486 482 10,761 12,280 15, 466 IS, 143 2,991 1,701 Per cent of total. 16 years ol age and over. Male. 93.3 93.1 94.2 60.1 54.0 83.0 83.7 96.0 94.1 99.8 99.6 99.5 98.6 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 80.4 81.8 99.6 99.8 78.4 78.2 97.8 98.2 91.6 88.2 Fe- male. 5.5 5.2 5.0 42.9 42.4 15.2 11.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.2 12.4 14.7 21.1 20.1 0.3 0.1 6.8 8.6 Under 16 years of age. 1.2 1.6 0.8 7,0 3.5 1.8 5.2 4.0 5.9 m 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6 1.3 7.2 3.5 0.4 0.2 0.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 3.2 1 For method of estimating the distribution of the average number by sex and age periods, for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. The figures for Tampa and Pensacola do not agree with those published in 1909, because at that census the data given for Tampa included West Tampa, while the figures shown for Pensacola included data for establishments subsequently reported as outside le corporate limits of the city. iicrosbr^ MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. 247 Table 7 Census year. AVEBAGE WUMBEE OF IN— WAGE EARNERS Jackson- ville. Key West. Pensa- cola. Tampa. West Tampa. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 . 1909 1904 2,816 1,988 2,650 2,037 2,431 2,466 835 '940 1,206 7,065 »6,786 6,831 2,718 16 years of age and over: Male '2,596 1,836 2,476 202 128 96 18 24 78 1,612 1,906 2,021 394 508 439 31 17 6 782 1892 1,192 13 127 5 40 21 9 5,455 15,443 4,874 1,623 11,128 943 77 1215 14 2,194 520 4 Female Per cent ot total: 16 years of age and over- Male 92.2 92.4 93.4 7.2 6.4 3.6 0.6 1.2 2.9 79.1 78.4 82.0 19.3 20.9 17.8 1.5 0.7 0.2 93.6 94.9 98.8 1.6 2.9 0.4 4.8 2.2 0.7 77.3 80.2 83.6 21.6 16.6 16.2 1.1 3.2 0.2 80.7 ""ig.'i 0.1 Under 16 years olage 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them m order to include data only tor those establishments located within the cor- porate linuts of the city. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in each city. Of the total wage earners employed in the five cities combined, males 16 years of age and over formed 81.7 per cent and females 17.2 per cent. For the cities showing comparable figures the number of wage earners under 16 years of age in 1909 was 277, while in 1914 there were but 166, a decrease of 40.1 per cent. Tampa, the most important city in point of wage earners and value of products, shows a de- crease of 64.2 per cent in the number of children em- ployed. Tampa's gain of 39.6 per cent in total num- ber of wage earners is due almost entirely to the in- crease in the nmnber of adult females. Table 8 PEB CENT OP INCEEASE IN AVERAGE NTJMBEK OP WAGE EAENEES.l CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 6.3 41.6 -25.0 -17.4 -16.2 -1.4 -30.8 -11.2 -22.1 21.0 4.0 16.4 4.8 41.4 -25.8 -20.2 -15.4 -5.7 -34.4 -12.3 -25.2 11.9 0.2 11.7 57.8 Key West -10.2 -22.4 15.7 . 61.5 35.0 19.6 -64.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In Jacksonville, where the total nmnber of wage earners increased 41.6 per cent, the rate of increase for females exceeded that reported ^^^llfSfM'Zh'^ jfe^ actual gain in the number of male wage earners was ten times that shown for females. For the period 1904-1914 aU cities show decreases in the proportion of adult males and correspondiag increases in the proportion of adult females. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives for aU industries combined the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the num- ber reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January February.. March April May June July.: August September. October November.. December... WAGE EARNEES IN MANUFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 65,647 65,851 66,696 67,066 66,968 66,764 57, 775 65,924 55,071 55,364 52,087 52,194 1909 66,016 66,414 66,596 66,371 66,858 56, 195 56,182 66,276 68,035 59,487 60,661 60,587 1904 40,765 41,530 42,541 42,871 43,267 42,040 42,407 41,821 41,980 42,165 42,229 41,476 Per cent of maximum. 1914 96.7 98.0 100.0 96.8 95.3 95.8 90.2 90.3 1909 92.3 93.0 93.3 92.9 93.7 92.6 92.6 92.8 95.7 98.1 100.0 1904 94.2 96.0 98.3 99.1 100.0 97.2 98.0 96.7 97.0 97.5 97.6 95.9 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 the greatest activity in the manufacturing industries of the state was from March to July. The year 1909 shows a different season, the period of greatest industrial activity being from October to December. The greatest difference between the maxi- mum and the minimum months in any one of the three census years was 5,688 in 1914. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The industries shown in this table indicate no wide variation between the months of greatest and least employment. The manufacture of fertilizers shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in August being but 45.4 per cent of the number in February. This fluctuation, however, oc- curs in aU seasonal industries. Bakeries furnish the most steady employment, the proportion which the minimum formed of the tnaximmn being 93.6 per cent. Of the five cities, Pensacola reflects the greatest stability in employment of wage earners, and Key West, the least, the percentage which the minimum formed of the maximum in these two cities being 91.1 ) l^flgj^^?)/if#ectively. 248 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. Table 10 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Boxes, cigar Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminating and heatmg Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building Tobacco J cigars and cigarettes Turpentme and rosin AU other industries Total for cities Jacksonville Key West Pensacola ; ; Tampa West Tampa wage eaknees: mu. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 457 672 302 2,3U 781 694 349 760 18,358 1,220 10,761 15,466 2,991 15,461 2,816 2,037 835 7,035 2,718 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 55,647 415 684 231 2,419 1,084 684 280 702 18,937 1,248 538 9,919 15,412 3,094 14,680 2,996 2,156 801 6,431 e,i96 Feb- ruary. 66,851 422 692 216 2,365 1,219 686 309 695 19,004 1,241 481 9,964 15,602 3,055 14,769 3,064 2,071 791 6,441 2,396 March. 66,595 443 693 311 2,400 1,115 687 339 709 18,723 1,241 601 10,397 16, 102 2,934 16,118 2,921 2,049 812 6,562 2,774 April. 57,066 429 678 318 2,370 719 678 493 755 19,088 1,197 483 10,302 16,651 2,905 14,940 2,684 1,912 828 6,801 2,715 May. 458 689 339 2,371 731 493 798 18,860 1,193 614 10,065 16,926 2,870 14,871 2,799 1,808 820 6,836 2,608 June. 56,764 435 659 2,197 693 702 448 835 18,736 1,165 448 10, 290 16,988 July. S7, 775 465 649 322 2,494 592 714 304 861 18,758 1,163 11,395 16,726 2,929 15,074 16,177 2,742 1,854 843 7,006 2,629 2,812 2,097 875 7,624 2,769 August. 65,924 604 661 316 2,397 653 717 321 826 17,996 1,155 470 11,426 15,741 2,862 16,201 2,766 2,199 870 7,478 2,888- Sep- tember, 55,071 952 665 327 2,242 710 722 329 796 17,926 1,202 431 11,769 14,523 2,877 Octo- ber. 55,354 513 667 338 2,166 588 682 312 734 18,017 1,273 12,072 14, 178 3,212 16,547 16,768 2,774 2,263 861 7,723 2,936 2,864 2,306 823 7,748 3,027 Novem- ber. «,0S7 482 662 324 2,U7 626 169 707 le, 158 1,284 524 11,648 13,554 3,118 15,970 2,661 2,050 823 7,403 3,043 Decem- ber. 52, 194 see 675 248 2,164 742 711 291 702 18,093 1,288 427 9,986 13,289 3,212 li,it7 2,719 1,689 867 6,607 2,535 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 90.2 93.6 63.7 86.1 45.4 91.6- 64.6 80.7 84.7 89.5 82.2 78.2 86.0 73.2 91.1 83.0' 76.5- Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A simi- lar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all indus- tries combiaed in each city having more than 10,000' inhabitants. The number employed in each estab- lishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 11 Census year. AVEKAGE KUMBEF. OP WAGE EAKNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 64. 54. Be- tween 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween eo and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 m 65,fi08 57,473 9,379 13,214 2,672 4,379 7,683 6,467 1,502 1,505 24,739 22,766 8,406 8,568 927 316 400' 258 457 370 672 405 302 439 2,311 1,753 781 689 694 608 349 210 760 461 18,368 19,227 1,220 906 486 482 10,761 12,280 15,466 18,143 2,991 1,701 15,461 38 419 370 81 22 33 30 13 4 67 8 35 89 369 237 252 239 424 367 399 562 124 220 61 4 44 69 10,384 9,307 23 43 34 289 4,260 3,962 7,294 6,859 1,071 608 4,868 86 69 19 21 13. 18 Briclc and tile 2 29 82 889 225 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 16 350 4 982 465 271 346 100 12 29 23 9 7 120 36 408 730 142 93 T 15 27 60 50 8 71 444 144 5 115 39 18 888 440 349 314 110 164 2,706 3,248 476 635 813 532 4,626 2 260 56 119 25 5,594 7,418 6 6i' 87 196 95 g 28 17 13 708 238 604 408 342 23 l,fi47 3,466 5,883 8,344 414 292 1,996 2 3 180 999 102 39 358 210 Printing and Dublishins 7 1 6 861 832 1,155 1,983 358 ,71 1,248 189 337 255 147 148 23 607 985 426 387 149 59 96 1,398 513 9 16 26 114 77 597 2 2,816 2,037 634 120 ' 394 144 y 363 340 597 519 514 2,553 443 181 25 26 370 5 715 541 98 2,131 1,383 199 173 26 636 364 57 513 8 19 39 ?!Sf°'" :::;::;:;:::::::;:;::::::::::;::D/C7/feeG 54 26 Wfst Tampa V: MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. 249 During the five years 1909 to 1914 the number of wage earnei^ employed in establishments operating less than 60 hours per week decreased by 4,429, while the nximber in establishments operating more than 60 hours per week increased by 2,564. In 1914, 82.5 per cent of aU wage earners were employed jn establish- ments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or less, and 17.5 per cent ia those operating 60 or more per week. The corresponding percentages for 1909 were 84.1 and 15.9, respectively. Among the separate industries, lumber is the only one which shows any tendency toward a decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 39.1 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establish- ments where the prevailing hours of labor were be- tween 60 and 72, inclusive, while in 1914 the propor- tion thus employed decreased to 31.5 per cent. In 1909, 60.9 per cent of the wage earners in this in- dustry were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours were 60 or fewer per week, but in 1914 this proportion increased to 68.5 per cent. Of the combined total for the five cities— 15,461 in 1914 — 13,345, or 86.3 per cent, were in establish- ments where the prevailing hours were 60 or- fewer per week, while only 2,116 were in establishments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. In the cities a greater proportion of wage earners is found in establishments operating less than 60 hours per week than is reported for those where the longer working day obtains. Pensacola shows 74.6 per cent of wage earners in establishments in which the prevailing hours were 48 to 54, while only 10.6 per cent were in establishments where the hours were more than 60 per week. In Jacksonville and Tampa over one-half of the wage: earners were in establishments where the prevailing- hours were 54 and under. West Tampa shows the largest proportion in the 60-hour group; 1,383, or practically one-half of the wage earners, are reported in this group. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Florida were centralized in the cities hav- ing more than 10,000 inhabitants. During the 15 years covered by the table there has. been a substantial increase in the value of manufac- tures in both the urban and rural districts of the state, although a relative loss in the proportion re- ported by rural communities. The decrease of 1,865, between 1909 and 1914, in the total average number of wage earners, was confined to locahties outside the- cities. Table 12 Number of places . Population i Number of establishments - Average number of wage earners. . Value of products Value added by manufacture Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 Aggregate. 848,111 752,619 528,542 2,518 2,159 1,275 55,608 67, 473 35, 471 $81,112,291 72,889,659 34, 183, 509 47,296,603 46,761.380 21,336,322 CITIE3 HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OR OVER. Total. Number or amount. 5 4 4 176, 463 138, 408 79,677 534 411 229 15,461 12, 145 7,544 $34,614,599 26,328,853 13,022,947 18,959,817 13, 976, 818 7, 118, 431 Per cent of aggre- gate. 20.8 18.4 15.1 21.2 19.0 18.0 27.8 21.1 21.3 42.7 36.1 38.1 40.1 29.9 33.4 10,000 to 25,000. Number or - amount. 2 2 3 31,922 42,927 51,248 95 115 155 4,755 3,371 6,306 $8,595,676 5, 802, 826 11,224,340 5,217,939 3, 300, 866 6. 125, 527 Per cent of 5.7 9.7 5.3 12.2 5.9 17.8 10.6 8.0 32.8 11.0 7.1 28.7 23,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. . 2 1 144, 541 95, 481 28,429 439 296 74 10,706 8,774 1,238 $26,018,923 20,526,027 1, 798, 607 13, 741, 878 10,675,952 992, 904 Per cent of aggre- gate. 17.0 12.7 5.4 17.4 13.7 5.8 19.2 15.3 3.5 32.1 28.2 5.3 29.1 22.8 4.7 DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVING A POP- ULATION OF 10,000- OR OVER. Number or amount. 671, 648 614, 211 448, 865 1,984 1,748 1,046 40, 147 45, 328 27,927 $46,497,692 46,560,806 21,160,562 28, 336, 786 32,784.562 14,217,891 Per cent of aggre- gate. 79.2- 81.6 84.9 78.8 81.0 82.0 72.2 78.9 78.7- 57.3. 63.9 61.9 59.9' 70.1 66.6, 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are hsted in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Com- parative figures are not available for West Tampa, as it had less than 10,000 population prior to 1914. Table 13 CITY. AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Tampa 7,055 2,816 2,718 2,037 835 '6,786 1,988 5,831 2,650 $14,038,917 10,147,679 5,206,650 3,389,026 1,832,327 $13,803,751 6,722,276 $11,264,123. Jacksonville West Tampa Key West 5,340,264 2,431 1940 2,466 1,206 3,965,364 1,837,462 4,254,024 1,936,751 Pp.Tisficola,, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within tha corporate limits of the city. 250 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. Tampa is the leading industrial city in Florida, although it takes second rank in population. The chief industry in this city is the manufacture^Of cigars and cigarettes, the value of which amounted to $10,330,000 in 1914. West Tampa and Key West also have large cigar factories and rank second and third, respectively, in this industry for the state. Jackson- ville has a diversity of industries, the most important being fertihzers, printing and pubhshing, the manu- iacture of artificial ice, and bread and bakery prod- ucts. In Pensacola no single industry contributes any great proportion of the total value of products. but there are numerous industries reporting products valued at more than $100,000. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual estabhshments it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDUSTRY AND CITY. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora^ tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1,210 931 609 628 501 308 680 707 496 65,608 57,473 42,091 9,004 9,520 8,306 34,970 31,589 19,024 11,634 16,364 14, 761 16.2 16.6 19.7 62.9 55.0 45.2 20.9 28.4 35.1 $81,112,291 72,889,659 50,298,290 $11,082,871 10,807,500 8,612,316 $58,337,964 45,815,852 27,239,766 $11,691,456 16,266,307 14,446,208 13.7 14.8 17.1 71.9 62.9 64.2 14.4- 22.4 28.7 Bread and other bakery products. 144 90 8 1 32 672 405 395 287 177 100 1118 58.8 70.9 26.3 14.9 29.1 2,169,320 1,291,849 396,195 379,021 1,322,267 934,811 491,651 355, 502 1 357, 038 2 65,626 23,881 61.0 72.4 22.6 16.4 27.6 Brick and tile 1914 1909 2 8 10 15 6 6 302 439 ■■■■75 239 327 263 37 "ii'i 79.1 74.5 20.9 8.4 340,669 281,129 "ig.'s 86.0 74.2 14.0 6.3 74,011 Cars and general shop con- 1914 1909 13 12 2,311 1,753 2,311 1,753 • 100.0 100.0 2,589,930 1,742,579 2,689,930 1,742,679 100.0 100.0 struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Fertilizers 1914 1909 2 19 12 1 781 589 3 18 763 - 589 2.3 97.7 100.0 6,995,051 3,878,296 1,408,416 837,411 8 63,095 6,931,966 3, 878, 296 0.9 99.1 100.0 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 41 15 22 13 24 8 694 508 163 114 399 371 132 23 23.5 22.4 57.5 73.0 19.0 4.5 344,969 193,681 793,638 693,387 269,809 50,343 24.5 23.1 56.3 70.8 19.2 6.0 Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 14 18 66 41 12 11 760 461 58 87 650 301 62 73 7.6 18.9 85.5 65.3 6.8 15.8 2,202,769 1,206,874 138,364 180,276 1,919,727 876, 931 144,678 . 149,667 6.3 14.9 87.2 72.7 6.6 12.4 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 248 252 136 124 123 139 18,358 19,227 2,597 2,849 13, 384 13,812 2,377 2,566 14.1 14.8 72.9 71.8 12.9 13.3 21,456,898 20,863,016 2,828,165 3,406,787 16,021,578 14,695,645 2,607,155 2,860,584 13.2 16.3 74.7 70.0 12.2 13.7 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 124 109 71 41 40 24 1,220 905 307 273 733 560 178 72 25.2 30.2 60.2 61.9 14.6 8.0 3,017,140 1,865,848 658,332 476,367 1,987,762 1,271,805 371,046 117,676 21.8 25.5 65.9 68.2 12.3 6.4 Shipbuilding, wooden, in- cluding boat building. 1914 1909 48 29 6 12 17 486 482 127 94 326 332 33 56 26.1 19.5 67.1 68.9 6.8 11.6 804,399 696,644 244,042 156,543 496,281 432,464 64,076 107,637 30.3 22.6 61.7 62.1 8.0 13.4 Tobacco, cigars and ciga- rettes. 1914 1909 159 115 52 65 59 59 10, 761 12,280 1,159 865 8,196 8,199 1,406 3,216 10.8 7.0 76.2 66.8 13.1 26.2 19,385,659 21,575,021 1,633,613 1,231,961 15,338,842 15,107,103 2,393,202 5,236,957 8.6 6.7 79.1 70.0 12.3 24.3 Turpentine and rosin 1914 1909 153 161 100 90 255 342 15,466 18, 143 3,425 4,255 5,292 3,996 6,749 9,892 22.1 23.5 34.2 22.0 43.6 54.5 9,573,083 11,937,518 1,961,374 2,657,523 3,588,009 2,828,469 4,023,700 6,461,526 20.5 22.3 37.5 23.7 42.0 54.0 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 257 160 117 15, 461 1,620 11, 869 1,972 10.5 76.8 12.8 34,614,599 3,106,188 27,744,674 3,763,737 9.0 7.0 4.2 18.9 12.3 3.4 80.2 90.6 81.9 66.8 70.8 88.4 10.9 79 33 29 105 11 65 14 21 48 12 29 18 14 49 .7 2,816 2,037 835 7,035 2,718 349 76 122 993 80 2,369 1,629 625 4,835 2,411 98 332 88 1,227 227 12.4 3.7 14.6 14.1 2.9 84.1 80.0 74.8 68.5 88.7 3.5 16.3 10.5 17.4 8.4 10, 147, 679 3,389,026 1,832,327 14,038,917 6,206,650 712,743 144,028 345,689 1,724,986 178, 742 9, 195, 496 2,777,174 1,224,775 9,943,339 4,603,890 239,440 467,824 261,863 2,370,592 434,018 2.4 13.8 14.3 16.9 8.1 Key West Pensacola. . Tampa West Tampa. 1 Includes the group ''corporations." 2 Includes the group "individuals." 3 Includes the group "all others." In 1914 the number of establishments under corpo- rate ownership represented but 24.^ per cent of the total, but this class reported 71.9 per cent of the total value of products and 62.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners; in 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions were considerably less. The proportions of average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. Each of the 11 industries for which separate statistics are given ex- cept bread and bakery products and the turpentine and rosin industry, reports the largest proportion of the total value of products for estabhshments under corporate ownership. This condition prevailed also in 1914 in each of the five cities. Here, however, a greater proportion of the estabhshments are under corporate ownership. Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large estabhsh- ments is indicated by the statistics in Table 15. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. 251 Table 15 NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTyKE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,518 2,159 1,413 55,608 57,473 42,091 $81,112,291 $72,889,659 $50,298,290 $47,296,603 $46,761,380 $33,766,851 Less than 15,000 903 ■1,007 450 153 5 623 871 527 134 4 388 469 466 100 1,826 11,493 14,829 25,206 2,254 1,387 11,393 18,613 23,509 2,571 656 6,375 18,106 16,965 2,214,019 10,666,555 19,438,464 42.959,461 6,843,792 1,547,102 9,818,056 20,734,942 36,332,890 4,456,669 905,782 5,387,587 16, 819, 502 27,186,419 1,419,336 7,001,129 11,812,820 24,017,676 3,046,642 1,062,701 7,255,477 14,123,529 21,369,689 2,960,084 619, 408 as 000 to S20.000 4,130,772 S20 000 to $100,000 12,853,616 $100,000 to $1,000,000 41,000,000 and over 16,162,056 PEK CENT DISTKIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 35.9 40.0 17.9 6.1 0.2 28.9 40.3 24.4 6.2 0.2 27.5 33.2 32.3 7.1 3.3 20.7 26.7 45.3 4.1 2.4 19.8 32.4 40.9 4.5 1.6 15.1 43.0 40.3 2.7 13.1 24.0 53.0 7.2 2.1 13.5 28.4 49.8 6.1 1.8 10.7 33.4 64.0 3.0 14.8 26.0 50.8 6.4 2.3 15.5 30.2 45.7 6.3 1.8 85,000 to $20,000 12.2 420 000 to $100,000 . . 38.1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 47.9 In 1914, 158 establishments, or 6.3 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 138, or 6.4 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 100, or 7.1 per cent, for 1904. The decrease in the number of estabhshments is, however, compensated for by the increased value of the output of these establishments, as shown at each successive census, their proportion of the total being 54 per cent in 1904, 55.9 per cent in 1909, and 60.2 per cent in 1914., The smaller estab- lishments — those having products less than $20,000 in value — ^represented 75.9 per cent of the total num- ber of estabhshments in 1914 but reported only 15.8 per cent of the total value of products. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for five of the more important industries, a classification of estab- lishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for all industries combined. Table 16 NUMBER of ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER WAGE EARNERS of VAH7E OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Ice, MANUFACTURED 92 70 100.0 100.0 760 461 100.0 100.0 $2, 202, 769 $1,206,874 100.0 100.0 $1,586,118 $822,834 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 13 60 29 607 13 40 17 515 14.1 54.3 31.6 100.0 18.6 57.1 24.3 100.0 32 247 481 18,358 23 188 250 19,227 4.2 32.5 63.3 100.0 5.0 40.8 54.2 100.0 46,606 648,352 1,607,911 21,456,898 40, 610 420,564 745,700 20,863,016 2.1 24.9 73.0 100.0 3.4 34.8 61.8 100.0 27,382 384,987 1,173,749 13,530,656 26,575 310,667 486,602 14,623,571 1.7 3.1 $5,000 to $20,000 24.3 74.0 100.0 37.8 $20,000 to $100,000 1 59.1 Lumber and timber products 100.0 Less than $5,000 165 166 120 56 235 147 175 137 66 174 32.5 32.7 23.7 11.0 100.0 28.5 34.0 26.6 10.9 100.0 486 1,832 4,692 11,348 1,220 532 1,871 6,366 11,458 905 2.6 10.0 25.6 61.8 100. 2.8 9.7 27.9 69.6 100.0 . 382,665 1,837,361 5,923,735 13,313,137 3,017,140 388,844 1,874,809 6.262,299 12,337,064 1,865,848 1.8 8.6 27.6 62.0 100.0 1.9 9.0 30.0 59.1 100.0 • 266,329 1,249,507 3,463,856 8,550,964 2,214,448 306,540 1,389,981 4,195,896 8,731,154 1,431,639 2.0 9.2 25.6 63.2 100.0 2.1 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 9.5 28.7 $100,000 and over 2 59.7 Printing AND publishing.. 100.0 129 80 21 5 270 111 45 13 5 229 54.9 34.0 8.9 2.1 100.0 63.8 25 1« 7.5 2.9 100.0 177 359 324 360 10,761 152 222 234 297 12,280 14.5 29.4 26.6 29.5 100.0 16.8 24.5 25.9 32.8 lOB.O 341,566 753,960 817,439 1,104,175 19,385,659 267,018 404. 12S 442,518 762,183 21,675,021 n.3 25.0 27.1 36.6 100.0 14.3 21.7 23.7 40.3 100.0 270,769 605,190 572,771 765,718 11,646,998 216,855 318,097 335,508 661,179 12,889,763 12.2 27.3 25.9 34.6 100.0 15.1 $5,000 to $20,000 22.2 $20,000 to $100 000 23.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 39.2 Tobacco, cigars and CIGARETTES 100 Less than $5,000 154 50 25 41 508 105 41 39 44 593 57.0 18.5 9.2 15.2 100.0 45.9 17.9 17.0 19.2 100.0 235 366 708 9,452 15,466 176 385 1,279 10,440 18,143 2.2 3.4 6.6 87.8 100.0 1.4 3.1 10.4 85.0 100.0 310, .356 611,733 1,193,789 17,369,782 9,573,083 215,259 482,019 1,906,255 18,971,488 11,937,518 1.6 2.6 6.2 89.6 100.0 1.0 2.2 8.8 87.9 100.0 191,036 309, 185 726,021 10,420,756 6,989,518 133, 582 304,711 1,118,404 11,333,066 9,968,450 1.6 2.7 6.2 89.5 100.0 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 2.4 $20,000 to $100,000 8.7 $100,000 and over 2 87.9 Turpentine and rosin .. 100.0 Less than $5,000 47 329 125 7 30 346 214 3 9.2 64.8 24.6 1.4 5.1 68.3 36.1 0.5 414 7,245 6,361 1,446 210 7,588 9,772 673 2.7 46.8 41.1 9.3 1.2 41.8 53.9 3.2 165,844 3,760,797 4, 595, 665 1,060,787 100,402 4,364,6'0 6,983,683 488, 763 1.7 39.3 48.0 11.0 0.8 36.6 58.5 4.1 111,144 2,701,012 3,417,759 759,603 77,207 3, 619, 670 5,886,871 384.702 1.6 38.6 48.9 10.9 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000... ■ 36.3 $20,000 to $100,000 59.1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 3.9 ■ Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." Among the industries in the above table, there was a general increase from 1909 to 1914 in the number of estabhshments reporting products under $5,000 in value, and, with the exception of thaJumber industry « there was a decided increase in -miw/Uf^mimiicW 2 Includes the group "11,000,000 and over." reported by this group. The number of establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over varies only shghtly from the number reported in 1909, ,-but the ^Utive importance of this group, as measured 'SSyM'^me' or products, has increased in each industry, 252 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. except printing and publishing. A preponderance of small establishments is shown for each industry, but the volume of manufactures is in each case reported by the large establishments. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries combined, in each of the fire cities having niore than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 CITY AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. 3 Is n 1 1? WAGE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. i. If SB i ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTUBE. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent ol total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Jacksonville 173 2,816 100.0 $10,147,679 100.0 $4,606,283 100.0 Tampa 202 7,056 100.0 $14,038,917 100.0 $3,160,433 100 Less than 36,000 60 67 37 19 66 87 231 958 1,490 2,037 S.l 10.0 34.0 52.9 100.0 1.52, 252 679,529 1, 752, 249 7,663,649 3,389,026 1.6 6.7 17.3 75.6 100.0 97,166 361,763 957,227 3,190,13? 1,969,947 2.1 7.9 20.3 69.2 100.0 77 69 37 29 3D 100 266 636 6,063 2,718 1.4 3.6 9.0 86.9 100.0 174, 777 532,231 1,763,009 11,563,900 5,206,660 1.2 3.8 12.6 82.4 100.0 99,629 306,386 993,164 6,761,364 3,247,992 86,000 to 820,000 $5 000 to $20 000 3 8 »20,000 to S100,000 $20,000 to $100,000 12.2 $100,000 andoveri Key West $100,000 andoveri West Tampa Less than $6 000 82.8 100 Less than S6,000 32 17 7 9 64 42 76 246 1,674 835 2.1 3.7 12.1 82.2 100.0 59,989 218,713 437,303 2, 673, 021 1,832,327 l.S 6.5 12.9 78.9 100.0 38,530 114,073 284, 663 1,532,791 976,162 2.0 5.8 14.4 77.8 100.0 7 6 7 11 19 25 229 2,445 0.7 0.9 8.4 90.0 18,825 56,952 450, 0S4 4,680,789 0.4 1.1 8.6 89.9 11,787 29,223 252,327 2,964,655 4 86,000 to $20,000 $6,000 to $20,000 9 $20,000 to $100,000 $20,000 to $100,000 7.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $100,000 and overi 91.0 22 19 23 42 88 705 5.0 10.5 84.4 65, 197 183,639 1,583,491 3.6 10.0 86.4 41,846 103,963 829, 363 4.3 10.7 '85.0 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 and over^ 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a prepon- derance as to number of wage earners, value of prod- ucts, and value added by manufacture for establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 or over. The highest percentages of total value of products reported by establishments of this size, 89.9, 82.4, and 78.9, appear for West Tampa, Tampa, and Key West, respectively; and the lowest, 75.5, is shown for Jacksonville. « Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 13 of the more impor- tant industries, and for each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909 similar percentages for aU iadustries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 18 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — « INDUSTRY AND CITY. TOTAL. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. So -a 6? Wage earners (average number). ■sa w II n n if li o2 ^1 n ^1 n li ^1 All industries 2,518 56,608 188 1,130 2,770 629 7,502 353 11,665 112 7,966 68 1 11, 474 244 33 11,148 6 3 083 4 184' 18 13 22 87 14 92 507 235 65 270 508 499 534 467 672 302 2,311 781 694 349 760 18,358 1,220 486 10,761 15, 466 2,991 15,461 1 3 4 38 102 99 2 1 1 2 4 1 1 2 32 2 175 79 69 139 258 100 66 113 2,355 140 Bread and other bakery products 25 5 '"s 41 9 40 1 69 64 137 2 3 8 58 7 50 173 148 42 132 32 338 262 317 6 10 30 171 28 165 459 365 87 298 119 716 683 18 11 1 3 16 4 36 176 37 12 42 203 72 104 174 139 16 32 173 64 356 1,992 353 108 439 2,886 781 1,134 Brick and tile Cars and general shop construction and repairs by 3 2 524 324 3 1,053 1 5 8 1 4 71 6 1 12 214 23 42 137 250 23 126 2,452 234 31 402 7,026 746 1,460 1 179 Ice manufactured .' 34 1 6,672 128 12 4,045 2 1 483 Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 14 2 1 17 260 4,804 676 310 5,728 11 48 5 21 725 3,448 310 1,488 17 8 1 22 3 3 3,062 1,313 128 3,937 519 427 2 All other industries 2 1,031 173 66 64 203 30 - -R 2,816 2,037 835 7,065 2,718 inifi' 21 11 4 27 1 78 34 37 104 9 1 hu 202 78 116 259 28 44 6 17 34 4 466 63 175 413 37 21 4 4 10 3 756 96 138 377 94 4 5 1 5 6 314 322 62 401 399 2 2 1 9 3 570 548 354 3,197 1,059 1 513 Pensacola , Tampa . 13 3 2,408 583 1 518 !_/ yiLu -CL 1 uy IVII Ul U OUI ^ijy MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. 253 Table 19 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUM- BER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY' AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT of total AVERAGE NUM- BER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 - to 260 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 ■ Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 61 to 100 101 to 260 261 to 500 501 to 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 lfl09 1914 1909 1014 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5.0 3.4 13. ,5 13.6 21.0 23.8 14.3 14.0 20.6 21.1 20.0 15.5 5.5 8.6 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2.5 2.3 29.9 27.4 17.9 16.4 2.8 1.5 0.8 0.4 23.9 30.2 4.4 10.8 12.5 2S.9 25.4 22.2 20.5 4.1 5.0 18.6 16.8 26.1 40.7 7.3 13.4 11.3 19.-2 21.2 6.4 14.9 3.7 6.2 45.4 53.2 24.9 22.2 9.4 12.8 12.8 11.5 20.0 6.7 7.4 22.3 19.9 10.4 6.8 9.6 30.4 31.1 10.6 22.0 19.5 8.1 Printing and pnhlitihinfr 10.6 8.3 38.3 29.7 11.8 13.3 19.5 28.9 6.0 53.4 70.3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Bread and other bakery oroducts 47.2 37. S 1.6 6.2 .4 .6 3 .8 1 .4 24.6 10.4 8.0 8.1 21.7 32.8 25.9 41.5 46.0 35.8 0.7 1.7 4.1 6.( 24.9 15.7 15.5 14. f 46.8 43.8 15.2 7.4 32.8 29.2 '48.'i 28.4 27.9 8.5 9.8 4.3 63.5 44.6 29.4 4.4 9 6 •Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. 22.7 22.9 41.5 30.6 45.6 74.8 24.6 23.6 17.5 10.0 36.0 40.9 6.6 23.8 16.6 23.4 33.0 61.4 14.4 32.9 18.6 14.9 10.4 Total for cities ... 25.5 37.0 ucts. 6.7 51.3 53.3 Jacksonville . . •Gas, illuminating and heating 7.2 3.8 13.9 3.7 1.0 16.2 2.6 21.0 5.8 1.4 26.8 4.7 16.5 5.3 3.4 11.2 16.8 6.2 6.7 14.7 18.4 21.0 '34."i 21.4 20.2 26.9 42.4 4.5.3 S9.0 Key West , ., 26.2 Pensacola Jce manufactured . . TAMP.V . West Tampa . . 19.0 There were 188 establishments for which no wage earners are shown. In these establishments the work is done by the proprietors, firm members, or persons ■classed as salaried employees, or where wage earners Tvere reported, the terni of employment was so short that in computing the average, as described in the "Explanation of terms," the nmnber was less than one person and the establishment was classed as one having ■"no wage earners." The comparatively small estabhshments — those em- ploying from 1 to 20 wage earners — ^formed 69.9 per <5ent of the total for the state, but gave employment to only 18.5 per cent of the total wage earners reported, The groups of establishments having more than 100 ■wage earners, although representing only 4.2 per cent of the total number of establishenmts in the state, gave employment to 46.1 per cent of the total wage ■earners. The greatest number of wage earners in any single group was reported by establishments employ- ing from 21 to 50. The 11,665 wage earners so employed were largely recruited from the lumber and turpentine and rosin industries. Bakeries, foundries and machine shops, and print- ing and publishing reported the greatest number of small estabhshments, more than 75 per cent of all estabhshments in each of the three industries employ- ing from 1 to 20 wage earners only. Railroad repair shops, the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes, and of cigar boxes are the industries showing the greatest proportion of large estabhshments — those employing more than 100 wage earners. Among the cities, the highest percentage of the total number of wage earners reported by establishments employing more than 50 wage earners each is shown for West Tampa — 94.2. Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. Table 20 NUMBER or ENGINES OB MOTORS. 1914 1909 1904 HORSEPOWER. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total . 3,166 2,445 771 100,071 89, 816 43,413 Owned Steam engines and turbines ' Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors . Rented Electric. . Other... 1,986 1,433 521 12 1,200 1,200 2,044 1,783 250 11 401 401 771 702 (.') 93,586 88,939 4,464 183 6,485 6,406 79 86,376 84, 708 1,497 171 3,440 3,353 87 42, 413 41,975 320 118 1,000 1,000 93.5 4.6 0.2 6.5 6.4 0.1 Electric : Rented ■ — Generated by establishments reportmg. 1,523 1,200 323 Diaitiz e d by 1909 tire amounts reporter! v 579 401 178 P) 45 Microsoft® 12,888 6,406 6,482 7,563 3,353 4,210 2,960 1,000 1,960 100.0 49.7 50.3 100.0 96.2 94.3 1.7 0.2 3.8 3.7 0.1 100.0 44.3 55.7 100.0 97.7 96.7 0.7 0.3 2.3 2.3 100.0 33.8 66.2 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 tire amounts reported imder the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. 254 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. The preceding table shows an increase ia primary power amounting to 10,255 horsepower, or 11.4 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, of which rented electric power is an important factor. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 2.3 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased to 3.8 per cent of the total, and in 1914 to 6.5 per cent. Power operated by current generated in the same establishment shows a large increase, the percentage of increase for the later five-year period being 54 and for the earlier, 114.8. In addition to the increased use of rented electric power, owned power shows an increase of 120.6 per cent during the decade and of 8.3 per cent dtu-ing the last five-year period. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed In generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all in- dustries combined and for selected industries in th& state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Tame 21 INDUSTBY AND CITY. All industries. Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general snop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illumJTiatiag and heatmg Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing All other industries Total for cities . jACKSONVaLE . Ket West Pensacola Tampa West Tampa.. Anthra- cite (tOQS, 2,240 lbs.). 16, 489 20 7 4,012 1,030 7,702 287 2,637 5,856 2,250 1,056 13 2,482 55 Bitu- minous (tons, 2.000 lbs.). 617 8,983 415 22,809 7,250 414 33, 691 52,533 2,625 280 13,936 79,157 17,522 1,381 61, 480 4,561 10, 769 2,347 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 60 1,917 4,088 9,600 29 441 4,755 2,227 124 1,151 1,252 1 Oil, in- cluding gasohne (bar- rels). 141,374 ~27 59 57 275 2,216 606 41,311 40,208 1,382 828 54,405 105,253 11,355 4,023 4,019 85,850 6 Gas (1,000. cubic feet). 9,560' 351 isO' 348- 4,988- 3,395 6,488- 2,939- 165 2,225- 1,159 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and value of products, and other information for which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for three important industries and also for power laundries are here presented. Turpentine and rosin. — This industry, hke the lum- ber, is dependent upon the forests of the state for its raw materials. The quantities and values of the different products, for the census years, 1914, 1909, and 1904, are shown in the following table. Table ,32 1914 1909 1904 $9,573,083 $11,937,518 $9,901,905 Turpentine; 12,363,232 $4,820,679 1,310,307 $4,695,561 $56,843 13,809,785 $5,847,478 1,555,749 $6,057,524 $32,516 12,872,869 Value . $6,425,826 Eosin: 1,445,902 $3,447,418 Dross and other products, value $28,661 The value of turpentine and rosin products have decreased 19.8 per cent since 1909, owing to the deple- tion of the longleaf pine forests. In 1914 the produc- tion of spirits of turpentine was 10.5 per cent less than in 1909, while the output of rosin shows a decrease of 15.8 per cent as compared with 1909. In turpentine operations the working unit which is called a crop, consists of 10,500 boxes or cups. In 1914- there were 8,950 crops worked, of which 1,431 were from virgin trees, 1,978 frcim yearlings, 2,430 from third-year workings, and 3,111 from older trees. Of the above crops, 62.9 per cent£)/^^fi the cup system. Fertilizers. — The foUowing table shows the quantity and value of the products of the fertihzer establish- ments of the state for the censuses 1904 to 1914: Table 23 1914 1909 1904 Total value $6,995,051 $3,878,296 $1,590,371 Fertilizers: Tons 1 245,449 $6,266,201 199,606 $5,696,460 36,701 $307,272 9,142 $282,469 $728, 850 .155,852 $3,592,882 98,322 $2,877,646 46,570 $393,302 • 10,960 $321,934 $285,414 71,592: Value. . $1,689,771 53,559' Complete and ammoniated ferti- lizers- Tons Value $1,330,27L Superphosphates and concentrated phosphates — Tons 12,800' Value $194,000' All other fertilizers- Tons 5, 23 J Value $65,500* All other products, value.. . $600 1 In addition, there 'were produced by cottonseed-oil mills 1,057 tons of fertilizers,, valued at $23,866. The state ranked ninth among the states in 1914 in value of manufactured fertilizers, whereas in 1909 it ranked eleventh. In the output of phosphate rock, of which more than 2,000,000 net tons were used by the fertilizer plants of the country, the state leads all others, the output in 1914 being 2,138,891 long tons, or 78.2 per cent of the marketed production of phos- phate rock for that year. The output of manufactured fertilizers in 1914 ex- ceeded that of 1909 by 89,597 tons, an increase of 57.5 per cent, and in value by $2,673,319, an increase of 74.4 per cent. In 1909 complete and ammoniated fertilizers, with an average value of $29.26 per ton, constituted 63.1 per cent of the total tonnage; whereas in 1914 this class of fertilizers, although showing a ^MMIS^ft®^ average value per ton ($28.53), consti- tuted 81.3 per cent of the total tonnage. MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. 255 Printing and publishing. — The following table shows the number of publications and their aggregate cir- culation, by period of issue, for the three most recent census years. Table 24 NXTMBEB OF PUBLICATIONS. AGGEE6ATE CIRCULATION PEE ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total 189 160 154 391,503 283,992 223,214 Daily 26 9 6 141 17 19 6 3 127 5 20 5 3 117 9 119, 102 83,171 11,425 171,615 ■6,190 80,300 48,639 10,300 137,818 7,035 64,875 Sunday 30,390 8,500 Weekly. ' 112,124 Monthly 17,325 ■ Includes one quarterly. In 1914, as compared with 1909, each class of pub- lications showed an increase in number, and all, except the monthlies, an increase in circulation. The dailies increased 38,802, or 48.3 per cent, the Sunday papers, 34,632, or 71.3 per cent, and the weeklies, which form the largest class, 33,797, or 24.5 per cent. Only two publications were printed in foreign languages, both weeklies, one in German and one in Spanish. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 25, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Florida for 1914 and 1909. Table 25 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number).. Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Paid tor contract work Hent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done.. POWEB LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 45 991 41 1,120 $612, 525 448, 122 91,998 356, 124 5,750 41,344 182,317 946,314 1909 28 638 28 39 571 528 $461,038 232,639 36, 130 196,609 11, 752 77,221 474,088 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 51.3 112.1 32.8 92.6 164.6 81.2 251.8 136.1 99.6 1 Percentages are omitted where ba^e is less than 100. The table shows increases in all the items given, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amounting to 99.6 per cenf and 51.3 per cent, respectively. Establishments owned by individuals reported 30.9 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 53.9 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 15.2 per cent. Table 26 presents, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the great- est number employed in any month of the same year. Table 26 WAGE EAENEES. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 S88 925 938 888 864 832 838 803 823 825 851 891 566 566 678 562 550 542 648 553 665 570 620 647 94.7 98. 6 100.0 94.7 92.1 88.7 89.3 85.6 87.7 88.0 90.7 ' 95.0 87.6 87.3 March 89.3 April 86.9 May -■■ 85.0' 83.8 July 84.7 86.5 86.8 October 88.1 95.8 December 100. a Table 27 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laimdries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 27 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. POWER. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 of in- crease,^ 1909- 1914. 91 28 1,120 62S 112.1 Owned ' 42 41 1 25 23 2 863 861 2 267 237 20 476 467 9 62 43 9 81.3 Steam 84.4 Rented * Electric 49 3 Other Electric— Generated in establishments re- 6 25 ■ Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 28 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1990, with percentages of increase. Table 28 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914. Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs 100 3,826 2,867 1,999 1,266 244 1,417 202.4 Oil... 1, 075. Gas. 1,000 cubic feet 41 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 256 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. GENERAI TABLES. Table 29 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and, value of products, for selected industries in the state as a whole and in the city having more than 50,000 inhabitants; and for the cities having from 10,000 to S0,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 30 presents, for 1914, for the state as a whole and for Jacksonville, the only city having more than 50,000 inhabitants, statistics in detail for each indus- try that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and the statis- tics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 29 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power, Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expre,ssed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 2,518 55,608 100,071 $24, 822 S33,816 $81,112 Food preparations, not 1914 7 23 84 $11 $41 $eo 1909 2,159 67,473 89,816 22,982 26,128 72,890 elsewhere specified. 1909 6 34 72 13 156 258 1904 1914 1,413 42,091 43,413 15,767 16,632 50,298 Foundry and machine- 1904 1914 4 187 17 694 22 1,517 7 463 16 534 32 Artificial stone products . . 59 197 174 102 131 305 1,408 1909 32 124 44 57 93 216 .shop products. 1909 36 508 725 287 331 837 1904 10 47 6 23 41 99 1904 3 18 264 342 138 211 499 Boxes, cigar 1914 1909 4 3 457 370 459 461 225 175 282 232 636 504 Gas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 14 12 349 210 968 746 183 113 338 182 1,049 585 1904 4 229 152 88 87 261 1904 11 96 622 35 81 314 Bread and other bakery 1914 184 672 495 369 1,192 2,169 Ice, manufactured 1914 92 760 12,475 446 617 2,203 products. 1909 113 405 666 201 .760 1,292 1909 70 461 8,585 224 384 1,207 1904 85 284 42 124 416 748 1904 47 296 2,943 151 171 684 Brick and tile 1914 118 302 1,752 2,288 119 138 396 Liquors, distilled 1914 3 11 200 5 38 167 1909 29 439 138 113 379 1909 4 25 310 11 47 261 1904 14 425 903 109 65 237 Lumber and timber prod- 1914 6 507 18,358 65,073 8,077 7,926 21,457 Canning and preserving. . 1914 2 21 194 268 58 239 418 ucts. 1909 515 19,227 65,097 7,651 6,239 20,863 1909 18 188 70 51 80 213 1904 24» 11,670 33,627 4,229 3,977 12,972 1904 no 184 56 28 92 165 Marble and stone work . . . 1914 14 47 75 39 67 171 Carriages, wagons, and repairs. 1914 46 169 203 115 96 306 1909 10 42 30 35 111 1909 39 230 354 136 210 463 1904 6 68 60 71 198 1904 31 196 169 102 124 344 Mineral and soda waters . . 1914 114 271 412 119 557 1,050 Cars and general shop con- 1914 4 77 193 60 36 96 1909 74 168 196 62 196 515 struction and repairs by 1909 6 55 63 30 29 68 1904 43 95 16 36 76 238 electric-railroad c o m - panics. Printing and publishing. . 1914 235 1,220 1,326 898 803 3,017 Cars and general shop con- 1914 13 2,311 2,234 1,398 980 2,690 1909 174 906 794 52S 434 1,866 stniction and repairs by 1909 12 1,753 1,036 1,018 601 1,743 1904 166 643 382 271 270 1,139 steam - railroad c o m - 1904 6 1,111 545 561 544 1,166 panies. Shipbuilding, wooden, in- 1914 65 486 1,489 334 280 804 Coffee, roasting and grind- 1914 19 45 171 24. 466 697 cluding boat building. 1909 52 482 873 289 233 697 ing. ,1909 1904 13 6 29 11 83 30 11 6 194 92 262 122 1904 13 92 62 40 37 115 Slaughtering and meat 1914 11 64 144 32 789 925 Confectionery 1914 8 23 6 10 30 57 packing. 1909 11 32 20 392 467 1909 4 31 17 11 47 83 1904 6 23 9 45 120 Tobacco, cigars and ciga- rettes. 1914 270 10, 761 149 6,638 7,169 7,739 8,685 19,388 21,576 1909 229 12,280 109 Cooperage 1914 10 191 404 82 274 434 1904 208 9,657 23 6,577 6,596 16,764 1909 10 133 360 48 217 333 1904 7 134 170 48 162 262 Turpentine and rosin 1914 1909 508 693 15, 466 18, 143 913 1,916 4,015 4,316 2,584 1,969 9,573 11,938 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 26 124 86 84 254 399 1904 408 16,541 349 3,714 725 9,902 iron work. 1909 8 62 30 30 43 105 - 1904 9 94 1 47 71 • 192 All other Industries 1914 1909 144 69 1,643 547 5,360 3,071 552 239 2,697 1,212 4,180 2,028 Fertilizers 1914 22 781 3,070 367 4,655 6,995 1904 58 771 2 441 299 1,125 2 008 1909 12 589 1,710 218 2,876 3,878 1904 8 242 655 70 1,326 1,590 Plour-miU and gristmill 1914 13 22 382 7 134 166 products. 1909 6 11 141 5 139 164 • 1904 7 13 167 6 112 137 ' Includes "sand-lime brick. " 2 Includes "canning and preserving fish and oysters," "canning, vegetables," and "pickles and preserves. ■ 3 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Includes "automobile repairing,'' " 6 Includes "boxes, wooden airing," "engines, steam, gas, and water," and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills " packmg" and " lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Table 29.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDTI3TBT AND QTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age niim- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed'in thousands. INDUSTRY AND QTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Co-st of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES or 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. JACKSONVILLE- All industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 173 114 125 2,816 1,988 2,650 7,147 5,165 $1,547 988 1,073 $5,541 3,997 2,789 $10,148 6,722 5,340 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing. . Tobacco cisars 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 111 8 14 4 7 6 41 28 21 17 14 14 68 37 45 313 180 1,114 10 12 24 281 250 151 272 134 139 1,264 798 938 1,396 865 $158 82 408 5 5 6 301 163 83 120 73 64 627 420 393 $440 225 404 12 18 300 353 146 98 160 115 54 2,151 1,329 765 $758 382 1,080 3 3 4 20 9 14 6 4 4 3 4 3 50 40 23 221 122 105 59 67 54 346 385 102 21 12 28 17 12 99 55 45 41 42 25 168 131 37 18 18 16 383 176 117 36 35 32 1,988 ■ 1,935 1,003 66 49 42 660 309 221 105 100 73 3,258 2,511 1,164 45 73 397 Iread and other bakery products. 151 75 366 252 1,061 636 379 Carriages and wagons 49 34 409 All other industries 264 199 fertilizers 860 855 4,304 3,072 3,786 2,398 1,785 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. ar West., 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,037 2,431 2,466 835 940 1,206 722 295 1,404 1,226 $1,100 1,397 1,325 481 466 476 $1,419 1,643 1,806 857 8.59 820 $3,389 3,965 4,254 1,832 1,837 1,937 Tampa. 1914 1909 1904 202 182 141 7,055 6,786 5,831 3,406 2,536 $4,405 4,033 3,578 $5,878 5,853 4,551 $14,039 13,804 11,264 1 Includes "boxes, wooden pacldng '4 and "lumber, planing-mill products; not including planing mills connected with sawmills.'!. 82101°— 18 17 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 258 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. Table 30.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE. STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTDVSTBT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE mDUSTEY. ■WAGE EABNEBS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPEESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- periji- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, IBthday of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. MinimnTTi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. AU industries 2, 518 Artificial stone products . . Automobile repairing A\mings, tents, and sails . B oxes, cigar BoxeSj wooden packing . . . Bread and other bakery products. , Brick and tile Canning and preserving, fish Canning, vegetables Calming and preserving, oysters . , Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundry and machine-shop products Foundries Machine shops Furniture, wood, including rattan and willow. Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured Liquors, distU led, whisky Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-miU products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds . . Mineral and soda wafers Minerals and earths, ground - Oil, cottonseed, and cake Paints Patent medicines and compounds. . Paving materials Pickles and preserves Printing and pubUshing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printmg and publishing, bhsl ■ Prmting, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Sand-lime brick Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Repair work Small boats Slaughtering and meat packing Sugar, cane Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Cigars Cigarettes Turpentine and rosin All other industries * 69 2S 1 4 13 184 14 4 14 92 3 412 114 4 4 3 18 5 10 74 161 15 131 15 4 65 15 7 43 11 6 270 265 5 SOS 67 63,204 2,682 1,938 2,718 278 133 34 492 864 936 253 67 31 132 233 214 19 85 2,427 134 40 94 208 172 687 40 647 11 462 1,021 15 17,623 1,388 79 78 457 242 138 19 60 141 19 1,353 456 584 358 33 193 78 22 12,410 12,397 13 16, 975 1,155 216 16 2 2 1 55 48 7 1 436 77 15 10 123 119 13 293 5 674 63 28 27 135 1 374 84 32 106 183 183 665 68 87 21 2 1 1 4 11 106 5 1 30 162 117 37 1,131 1,131 269 74 268 55,608 197 91 23 457 807 672 222 61 24 101 169 158 11 77 2,311 72 23 49 191 124 781 22 23 561 33 528 8 349 760 11 16,392 1,159 47 60 271 220 118 24 124 340 270 610 325 22 139 54 14 10,761 10, 753 8 15,466 937 Jy 57,775 Mh No Se Se De Mh Oo Oc Jy- Ja 206 97 27 552 990 255 244 65 173 Oa< 164 Api 12 Fe 86 Jy 2,494 Del 48 De< lly No Fe De« (») 28 52 235 138 1,219 25 23 De 40 Se 561 Api 11 Ap' 493 861 17 Jy 17,077 Jy 1,235 Ap De« An* Jai No (») Je -5p De 51 66 302 283 216 151 23 356 De« De Jy 646 ""94' Go No Ja Au Ja 464 31 179 68 56 Oc 12,063 De- 9 Je 16, 988 No 52,087 Je De Jy 189 87 21 366 446 ^/e 649 144 Ja» 2 Ja6 Aui 18 De 140 De< 10 De 61 No 2,147 Ja 4 44 Ja De« Oc Ja< Au Ja< 12 46 135 111 653 20 23 Je 23 My 601 No 3 No 269 Fe 695 Ja- 7 No 14,128 Fe 1,093 My Au Ja De Je- (») De- Se Je6 Je 41 56 225 184 38 22 92 318 257 577 De De Je Mh- Jes 260 17 110 49 Ja 9, 912 Ja- 7 De 13,289 (») 235 439 990 265 241 73 237 164 151 13 75 2,145 77 27 50 222 135 915 24 26 581 43 538 13 296 739 17 18, 595 1,233 49 65 291 233 213 30 129 24 369 937 286 651 484 284 32 168 62 64 11, 022 11,013 9 15,883 m 235 98 20 220 911 252 136 20 142 162 149 13 75 2,141 35 19 47 222 135 910 24 16 579 43 536 13 738 17 18,425 1,227 49 65 281 233 213 18 129 17 291 751 226 525 482 283 32 167 52 52 8,637 8,634 3 15,542 m 6 188 65 100 "hi 36 95 63 101 2,329 2,326 3 47 (a) (s) $88,318, 113 83 48 '29i' 19 293,940 - 246,414 20,299 497,537 1,976,862 824,961 609,799 46,325 8,907 149,195 362,996 344,346 8, '650 362,960 1,477,920 219,302 19,812 67,096 168,274 317,322 7,612,929 106,589 31,657 1,676,994 68,184 1,608,810 42,558 8,906,623 4,37S,260 36,154- 25,945,626 2,478,600 87,345 103,698 622,377 539,332 757,160 43,993 204,017 228, 895 62,529 808,753 2,368,438 1,124,807 1,212,285 21,346 1,095,969 706,299 75,614 314,056 114,277 37,654 9,369,478 9,362,109 7,369 9, 894, 866 2,896,152 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 'No figures given for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms.'' *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 2 Artificial flowers 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Bags, other than paper 2 Paskets, and rattan and wiUow ware. 2 Brooms 2 Brushes 3 Cleansing and poUahtng^^eparations.. 1 Coffins, burial ea|^ goods h ^ Cordials and fiavoriogsirups. Druggists' preparations 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water '. 1 Fancy articles, not ejgewhere speci- ^kcQiSQ/it^:;::::::::;: \ Glucose and starch 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Lamps 1 Lime !!!.!!]!!!!! 3 Liquors, malt 2 Liquors, vinous 1 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by . manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- OfSoials. Clerks, ■ etc. "Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration meome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. t2, 978, 555 J2,3U,576 824,822,323 »1,057, $557, 845 $1,861,230 $32,457,161 $1,358,527 $81,112,291 $47,296,603 100,071 i 88,939 4,543 183 6,406 6,482 8,599 1,800 3,000 21,380 25,070 26,126 12,250 1,800 2,014 9,400 3,800 3,600 200 4,180 47,092 14,828 12,485 3,768 8,717 8,853 18,509 138,236 3,000 1,248 69,056 5,660 47,485 161,946 920 652, 153 119,315 9,300 10,385 37,472 23,350 20,682 4,600 3,770 7,265 53,951 185,846 72,928 102,583 10,335 10, 125 40,188 1,248 4,800 4,600 1,023 558, 751 558, 751 476, 594 110, 060 375 2,030 780 18,003 20,506 20,641 5,385 555 520 38,828 5,720 5,720 3,980 98,138 26,445 3,275 652 2,623 2,361 12,083 154,028 4,920 600 26, 819 "26,"8i9' 56,426 68, 156 1,440 374,943 10,700 1,248 14,805 11,371 6,789 2,294 3,580 6,600 33, 714 185,783 126,601 49,876 9,306 1,768 9,280 6,420 2,860 9,200 435 758,308 758,308 170, 115 78, 691 102, 215 72, 501 14, 120 225,138 307,423 369,020 83,895 19,470 1,633 34,058 115,367 109,459 5,908 49, 551 1,398,254 23,605 35, 752 9,586 26,166 81,647 83,542 367,263 6,886 10,881 365,591 26, 192 339,399 5,501 182,607 446, 282 5,100 7,153,965 615,273 39,006 38,636 119, 105 65,445 44,832 4,345 10, 576 54,532 3,151 269, 189 629,264 242,951 386,313 34,609 334, 287 230,036 13,911 90, 340 31,830 3,632 6,638,229 6,636,652 1,577 4,014,790 310,325 54, 198 4,293 500 200 2,200 5,683 5,500 5,500 2,890 541,696 379 9,150 "iisoi' 1,005 466' 1,551 41,188 1,300 2,508 37,380 3,798 850 2,527 421 408 372, 708 2,275 2,379 5,854 1,525 1,350 316 46,049 60 600 4,025 11,717 10,717 1,000 1,200 3,289 11,109 1,336 9,773 625 5,532 5,718 150 2,058 8,679 600 8,079 540 1,931 192,083 50, 498 13,885 1,851 1,386 16,932 2,340 3,595 100 33, 597 43, 811 14,066 28, 747 4,825 1,025 648 3,152 2,745 240 62,997 62,661 I 336 1,814 10, 440 1, 662 2,262 105 4,262 7,284 6,438 2,520 332 14 2,812 2,699 113 4,273 4,918 1,210 676 174 502 , 686 1,490 41,067 1,583 60 12,060 1,080 10,980 158 31,774 43,654 111,893 277,276 14,291 464 494 5,563 1,610 7,268 769 452 124 3,806 16,053 4,949 11,055 49 1,023 7,192 4,931 278 1,983 1,000 1,093,450 1,081,970 11,480 96,606 49, 292 128; 497 76,338 38,955 274,386 316, 732 ,141,991 32,390 25,106 4,077 192,547 88, 764 85, 862 2,902 35,450 924,854 460,374 166,976 29,039 137,937 270, 249 251,458 128,982 38, 813 404,038 19,292 384, 746 3,800 80,623 176, 147 34,856 5, 762, 731 1,769,459 65,530 107,911 547, 386 51,069 800,683 26, 770 38, 738 19,556 13,590 259,878 498,578 273,054 225,444 33,538 268, 223 190,453 12, 058 65, 712 783,518 7, 736, 811 7,729,989 6,822 2,535,948 1,224,752 2,456 3,161 312 7,419 8,641 50, 162 61,863 651 80 2,743 6,552 5,995 ■557 211 54,792 5,027 3,667 809 2,858 3,558 2,514 47,961 5,049 2,051 29,302 2,379 26,923 455 257,563 440, 504 3,275 51,462 17,217 1,547 2,395 9,731 40, 119 19,785 613 185 4,001 650 9,195 35,041 16,568 18,473 9,931 12, 178 8,241 1,414 2,523 5,181 734 1,850 1,706 144 47,617 89, 126 304, 587 213,882 67, 759 635,385 932,554 2,169,320 287,974 57,015 8,325 321,817 304,604 291,279 13,325 96,282 2,589,930 696,767 346,007 57,189 288,818 434, 273 398,741 6,995,051 166,237 59,799 1,127,354 66,227 1,061,127 13,638 1,049,132 2,202,769 166,813 17,574,752 2,949,592 170, 941 177,061 1,049,518 270,670 1,016,186 48,886 115,893 105,974 30, 764 783, 204 2,233,936 967, 553 1,180,016 86,367 108,221 804,399 533, 666 42,081 228,652 925, 386 18,119 19,385,659 19,346,435 39,224 9,573,083 2,124,032 173,634 134,383 28,492 353,580 607, 181 977,167 193,721 31,258 4,168 126,527 209,288 199, 422 9,866 60, 621 1,610,284 231,366 175,364 27,341 148,023 160,466 144, 769 2,339,010 32,206 18,935 694,014 44,556 649, 458 710,946 1,586,118 128,682 11,760,559 1,162,916 103,864 66,755 492, 401 179. 482 195,718 21,503 76,970 82,417 16,524 514, 131 1,700,317 677,931 936,099 86,287 64, 752 523,998 334,972 28,609 160,417 136, 687 9,376 11,846,998 11,614,740 32, 258 6,989,518 810, 154 174 136 11 459 2,159 495 1,320 130 33 101 194 9 193 2,234 171 90 6 84 404 86 3,070 382 84 1,340 76 1,264 48 968 12,475 200 57,517 5,397 75 101 412 606 1,125 40 6 310 4 313 1:012 362 650 432 973 95 421 144 149 144 5 913 2,994 312 2,151 62 1,301 125 30 60 20 2,202 15 291 'i,'595 180 47 47 15 519 92 4 513 31 482 35 12, 108 200 56,830 4,463 13 400 1,125 230 46 422 302 15 •105 100 41 60 60 588 2,530 < Same number reported lor one or more other months. 503 283 240 206 3 23 220 6 214 687 379 75 233 25 325 220 50 27 84 5 127 376 5 3 1 122 119 3 193 17 171 .83 4 79 113 71 924 110 80 780 45 735 13 115 661 73 101 158 30 2 80 1 290 746 356 390 380 292 5 83 44 217 356 20 1,106 789 738 3,268 20 140 12 32 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Photo-engraving 2 Roofing materials 2 Saddlery and harness 2 Shipbuilding, iron and steel. s None reported tor one or more other months. Soap Structural iiot steel works orroli Tobacco, smoking. Same number reported throughout the year. Trunks and valises 2 Umbrellas and canes.. 2 '?i"^r:-';^s.cra:.''."?''=^°^- ■ ■ ■ } Wind'ow and door screens.. 2 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wood distillation, not including tur- pentine and rosm 2 Wood preserving ]][ 3 Wood, turned and carved. 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 260 MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. Table 30.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTDTTSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDITSTRV. WAGE EAENEES DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVJi DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. JACESOU VILLE— All industries. 173 Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, book and j ob Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing , Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Tobacco, cigars , All other Industries * i, 473 1S3 172 55 274 70 41 40 414 106 109 359 31 56 244 228 200 19 308 1,138 2,816 50 221 59 31 346 88 84 •313 19 34 174 107 94 13 Fe 3,064 Mh" My Fe* My Je Fe Je Ap J? Oo 60 244 661 94 100 367 24 187 De 101 13 Se No 2,651 No De De Ja Ja Au My Ja No My Fe Jy» 38 206 51 28 23 73 257 14 25 167 Jy3 Fe 257 2,849 50 208 56 31 28 401 86 80 323 19 41 101 13 281 946 2,627 50 157 56 25 28 400 85 80 322 19 147 109 101 249 862 204 16 tl3,601,733 45,764 244,168 58,196 38,769 74,685 2,485,244 338,201 1,460,977 687,942 35,163 75,823 431,431 923,699 886,874 28,726 9,100 138,310 6,463,361 * All other industries embrace- Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bags, other than paper 1 Brushes 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Cooperage 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Mattresses and spring beds 3 Oil, cottonseed, and cake : 1 Panits 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 65 64 202 30 2,289 1,007 8,494 2,928 74 57 232 28 41 39 181 36 127 66 979 138 10 11 47 8 2,037 836 7,066 2,718 Oc hi No 2,306 876 7,748 3,043 De 1,689 Fe 797 Ja 6,431 Ja 2,296 2,288 874 7,084 2,607 1,810 818 5,477 2,104 443 14 1,629 499 31 41 55 4 4 1 23 J2, 987, 050 1,679,782 9,867,504 2,559,396 ? PlilNf A0OT,A , . 3 4 West Tampa 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— FLORIDA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 261 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes," includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $348,895 3,700 22,750 3,600 4,777 4,325 44,674 4,200 13,005 30,820 6,900 11,597 35,491 49,744 41,500 4,844 3,400 8,260 105,052 $331,939 375 19,399 1,200 1,664 3,598 72,405 8,586 19,346 19,476 5,700 2,903 21,477 78,439 77,148 780 611 23,848 53,623 $1,546,608 27,500 98,772 40,583 15,436 20,558 168,190 70,226 50,668 157,650 16,728 16,542 157,255 143,388 134,824 8,664 120, 153 443, 159 $39,610 200 60O 5,683 4,200 16,971 536 12,020 1,300 10,720 "'"566 $76, ( 456 10,792 5,982 6,102 2,360 3,167 2,498 4,323 4,162 1,130 4,250 14,851 2,634 630 1,620 384 3,251 11,740 $75,862 287 1,329 155 170 166 16,252 2,217 6,178 1,680 174 541 1,183 3,088 3.002 77 26,617 16.826 $5,263,458 17,930 369,403 34,465 62,593 47,744 1,972,108 33,817 28,665 433,340 34,550 68,031 144,484 195,432 191,656 3,776 160,434 1,670,462 $277,938 $10,147,679 256 13,741 1,714 1,718 344 16,831 6,020 67, 162 6,677 628 941 3,102 9,948 9,660 25 160,941 66,104 660,221 104,804 138,075 64,038 3,257,801 151,657 278,082 757,646 90,400 141, 144 403,524 657,022 604,308 26,497 27,217 409,180 2,967,981 $4,606,283 47,918 277,077 68,625 73,764 15,960 1,269,862 112,820 192,265 317,629 56,322 82,172 256,938 451,642 402,992 21,433 27,217 248,721 1,136,678 7,147 21 151 49 860 94 2,300 1,396 44 31 153 213 200 13 1,784 6,307 850 2,225 1,246 223 1,557 18 91 16 38 13 10 94 ?S 146 44 31 163 213 200 13 616 748 154 Patent medicines and compounds 4 Photo-engraving 1 Roofing materials 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, Including | Soap 1 boatbuilding 2 Structural ironwork, not made in Slaughtering and meat packing l| steel works or rolling mills 1 Trunks and valises 1 Umbrellas and canes 2 Window and dooi screens 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $150,860 64,406 460,943 120,483 $121,356 59,080 552,678 209,070 $1,100,486 480,741 4,404,626 1,792,407 $850 . 115 35,350 $16,138 79,554 84,192 6,007 $152,072 49,330 644,923 290,999 $1,370,389 808,095 6,721,074 1,951,784 $48,690 49,070 157,410 6,874 $3,389,026 1,832,327 14,038,917 6,206,650 $1,969,947 975,162 8,160,433 3,247,992 722 1,404 3,406 113 640 981 2,088 60 20 12 43 i" 162 410 1,275 63 2' 1 2 3 • Same number reported for cue or more othtf months. < Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicroseft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® GEORGIA. By F. W. Chase. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Georgia is one of -the tliirteen original states. With a gross area of 59,265 square miles, of which 58,725 represent land surface, it ranks twentieth in size among the states of the Union'. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 2,216,331, in 1910, 2,609,121; and its estimated pop- ulation in 1914 was 2,777,000. In total population Georgia ranked tenth among the states in 1910; and iu density of population it ranked twenty-first, with 44.4 inhabitants per square mUe, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 37.7. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places of 2,500 or more — was 538,650, or 20.6 per cent of the total, as against 15.6 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 nine cities, each with an estimated population of more than 10,000: Athens, Atlanta, Augusta, Brunswick, Columbus, Macon, Rome, Savannah, and Waycross. These cities, whose aggregate popula- tion constituted 15.2 per cent of the estimated total population of Georgia in that year, reported 39 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The steam-raUway mileage of Georgia in 1914 was 7,433, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 341. The railway transportation facihties are sup- plemented by four rivers, which are generally naviga- ble as far north as a line extending from Augusta to Columbus and by numerous fine harbors on the Atlantic. In addition, foreign and domestic commerce are important factors in furthering its manufacturing interests. Savannah being one of the most important seaports of the South. Cotton raising is the leading industry. Of the total value of crops grown in Georgia in 1909, $226,595,436, this staple (including its seed) con- tributed $149,937,058, or nearly two-thirds. The state's production of cotton in 1914 was 2,718,037 equivalent 500-poimd bales, or about one-sixth of the total yield in the United States. The value of merchandise exported during the fiscal year 1914 from the four ports of entry comprised in the Georgia customs district was $110,594,981. The exports of Savannah amoimted to $90,738,842. , ,, Importance and growth of mannfactnres. — Georgia's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $253,270,511, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 104,461. In that year the state ranked twenty-second in the former respect and sixteenth in the latter; the corre- sponding rankings in 1909 were twenty-fourth and seventeenth as measured by value. The output of maniifactured products in Georgia in 1914 represented 1 per cent of the total for the United States, practi- cally the same as in 1909. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives per- centages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Propriet(ns and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage.eamers (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid tor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) dost of materials Value of products Vame added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MAirorACTUEING INDUSTEIES. 1914 S25g, 49, 11, 2, IfiO, 253 4,639 118,565 4,443 9,661 104, 461 357,403 325, 811 950,684 822,277 128,407 817, 739 785,194 088,609 270,511 181,902 1909 4,792 118,036 5,141 8,307 104,588 298,241 $202,777,665 43,866,425 9,061,607 34,804,818 757,805 1,981,845 116,969,764 202,863,282 85,893,498 > A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1904 3,219 102,365 3,512 6,104 92,749 220,419 $135,211,651 33,319,963 5,927,521 27,392,442 656,575 U, 146, 250 83,624,504 151,040,455 67,415,951 1899 8 3,015 3,815 83,336 136,499 $79,303,316 23,161,796 3,203,643 19,958,153 49,356,296 94,532,368 45,176,072 PEE CENT OP INCEEASE.' 1909- 1914 -3.2 0.4 -13.6 16.3 -0.1 19.8 27.4 13.9 30.5 9.5 7.9 40.5 36.9 24.8 8.5 1904- 1909 15.3 46.4 36.1 12.8 35.3 50.0 31.7 52.9 27.1 15.4 39.9 34.3 27.4 ' Exclusive of Intemi revenue. (263) 1899- 1904 6.8 60.0 11.3 61.5 70.5 43.9 85.0 37.2 49.2 264 MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. There was an increase from 1909 to 1914 in most of the items shown in the preceding table. The decreases in number of estabhshments, proprietors, and firm members, and average number of wage earners are due primarily to the fact that at the census of 1909 a large number of reports were secured from small lumber mills. Mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for consumption in the immediate neighborhood should not be included in the census, but it is not always possible to conduct the enumeration in regard to these establishments on uniform lines at different censuses. The decreases imder these conditions are no indication of a decrease in the manufacturing activi- ties of the state. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufactiu-ing industries in 1914, and the percentages of increases for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z CENSUS OF 1914. PEE CENT OF INCREASE 1 INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 4,639 104, 461 100.0 1253,270,511 100.0 $93,181,902 100.0 -0.1 12.8 11.3 24.8 34.3 59.8 8.5 27.4 49.2 Cotton goods 118 153 230 1,588 IS 34 441 128 116 22 562 100 204 107 21 67 65 18 74 34 19 40 18 23 45 5 17 3 4 3 365 30,719 4,212 3,833 18,196 692 6,943 2,476 367 2,648 3,468 9,118 2,622 846 726 1,303 1,907 955 636 890 1,365 660 778 577 499 155 363 299 193 287 524 6,304 29.4 4.0 3.7 17.4 0.7 6.7 2.4 0.4 2.5 3.3 8.7 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.8 0.9 0.6 0.9 1.3 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 6.0 59,982,008 32,714,801 29,045,903 22,114,995 16,824,265 8,970,460 7,575,931 6,083,760 6, 829, 907 4,892,931 4,607,590 3,651,595 3,385,747 2,537,212 3,518,386 2,421,149 2,354,208 2,065,088 2,064,984 2,042,263 2,020,780 2,003,724 1,601,347 1,375,978 1,219,358 1,124,662 915,941 871,764 698,081 597,876 19,257,917 23.7 12.9 11.5 8.7 6.6 3.5 3.0 2.4 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 7.7 18,772,434 5, 478, 881 7,826,983 12,803,996 2,777,279 4,850,393 5,603,577 829,680 3,270,783 1,830,079 3,434,960 2,537,931 1,662,040 1,018,115 894,661 1,587,823 990,208 822,293 1,453,498 993,096 1,367,791 590, 178 656,518 596,863 627,088 338,368 409, 141 491,670 416,761 243,329 8,006,585 20.1 5.9 8.4 13.7 3.0 5.2 6.0 0.9 3.5 2.0 3.7 2.7 1.8 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.6 1.1 1.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 8.6 10.5 45.8 38.4 -18.2 220.4 10.8 3.4 -4.9 -8.4 26.4 -28.7 24.9 56.2 47.8 4.9 -23.5 -9.8 -1.9 80.2 -2.9 22.0 13.9 4.5 15.2 25.2 26.4 13.1 32.0 45.0 95.0 0.3 24.9 38.4 72.9 -10.2 182.5 37.3 18.4 -24.0 0.4 61.3 -33.6 37.9 84.5 65.6 30.2 4.1 -8.0 -4.9 77.6 -0.9 41.9 -3.9 34.4 36.6 74.6 77.6 13.8 90.6 67.9 181.0 21.4 17.4 30.4 33.6 -20.6 213.1 35.8 16.5 -34.7 4.0 . 34.5 -39.5 36.8 90.1 69.7 16.8 -3.0 -17.0 11.2 63.7 -15.6 29.4 -21.7 22.9 41.0 84.4 99.6 7.6 54.4 24.1 Fertilizers 188.5 Lumber and timber products ....... Food preparations, not elsewhere snecified 32.1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 31.2 15.9 -16.8 -7.1 41.8 9.0 4.0 -68.0 24.0 21.5 22.3 -5.0 10.0 23.8 -23.1 -4.8 -33.1 -5.5 50.5 11.0 3.6 28.8 60.2 -38.8 169.8 "ei's -19.9 2.6 38.0 46.5 59.0 35.0 77.8 .61.5 62.2 36.9 60.8 -2.2 10.3 39.0 -10.0 10.0 96.4 63.8 30.5 27.9 11.2 38.3 35.5 -2.6 34.3 0.7 7.4 55.9 67.2 63.6 47.5 89.0 -5.0 183.6 375.4 66.4 32.2 44.3 74.9 88.7 87.7 66.1 60.5 61.9 40.9 31.4 63.1 39.1 -2.1 49.7 -13.3 4.1 55.6 60.0 38.5 25.2 10.4 23.1 35.0 -3.0 37.3 0.9 21.9 51.9 66.9 Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Hosif^ry 9iT\d knit goods 4.0 63.5 91.8 TiirpPintiTift anr! rivsiTi , , 12.6 219.9 329.0 Bread and other bakery products Clothing, men's, including shirts Brick tile, pottery, and other clay products 22.1 19.2 37.2 Carriages and wagons and materials . . 38.1 92.0 TOrft, mamifafitur^yl 99.4 60.4 Geis, illuminating and heating Leather goods . . 48.4 68.2 46.0 Copper, tin, and sheet^iron products. Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations -26.2 17.5 -3.5 -9.0 42.1 -20.6 25.0 79.7 37.2 -33.5 -5.1 39.8 247.7 6.3 -14.2 -1.4 -3.5 -27.8 15.5 -31.4 -7.8 516.2 39.4 -6.0 34.4 61.6 196.1 32.0 -35.9 -4.4 -6.4 -37.8 202.1 -43.1 -19.9 261.2 67.4 -19.1 84,9 2.1 Mattresses and spring beds 214.5 T,ifHTnfR malt 40.3 Woolen goods 2.0 15.3 32.8 33.6 84.5 10.0 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 34; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease ; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 30 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $500,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 5 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 4 with products between $5,- 000,000 and $10,000,000, and 13 with products be- tween $2,000,000 and $5,000,000 in value. Aniong those included under the head of "All other indus- tries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibUity of disclosing the operations of individual establishments, are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in this table as follows — bags, other than paper; leather belting; cordials and flavoring sirups; iron and steel, steel works and roUing mills; Digitized by leather, tanned and curried; slaughtering and meat packing; and cotton waste. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would differ considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Cotton goods holds first place in all three respects. Oil, cottonseed, and cake, second in value of products, was fifth in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture. Fertilizers, third in value of products and in value added by manufacture, was sixth in number of wage earners. Flour-mill and gristmill products was eighth in value of products, twenty-fourth in average number of wage earners, and nineteenth in value added by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. 265 manufacture. The latter industry consists largely of the simple process of grinding grain, requiring few employees, and the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is very small in com- parison with the corresponding proportions for most other industries. In rank according to value of products there were few important changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in this table, cotton goods is the only industry holding the same rank as in 1909. Oil, cottonseed, and cake, and fertilizers have advanced from third and fourth places in 1909 to second and third in 1914, while lumber and timber products, flour-mill and gristmill products and tur- pentiae and rosin dropped during this period from second, fifth, and sixth place to fourth, eighth, and eleventh, respectively. Slight changes are notice- able in the remaining industries from census to census. Cotton goods. — ^The establishments under this classi- fication comprise mills primarily engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods. At the 1914 census the 118 establishments engaged in this industry reported products amounting to 23.7 per cent of the total products for all industries and 29.4 per cent of the total wage earners. Duiing the five-year period, 1909-1914, the total value of products increased fiom $48,037,000 to .$59,982,000, or 24.9 per cent, the average nimiber of wage earners from 27,803 to 30,719, or 10.5 per cent, and the value added by manufacture from $15,988,000 to $18,772,000, or 17.4 per cent. Hosiery and lenit goods. — Closely alUed to the cotton industry in this state is the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods, which are made almost entirely of cotton materials. Although the value of products of this industry is small when compared with the product reported for cotton goods, it amounted in 1914 to $4,892,931, reprtsenting an increase of 51.3 per cent since 1909. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — The statistics presented comprise those for all estabhshments reported as en- gaged primarily in extracting oil from cotton seed or in refining crude cottonseed oil. This industry shows a considerable increase from census to census, in value of products and in number of wage earners. For the three five-year periods 1909-1914, 1904-1909, and 1899-1904 the percentages of increase in value of products were 38.4, 74.6, and 67.9, respectively; and the percentages of increase in wage earners for the same periods were 45.8, 25.2, and 45, respectively. Fertilizers. — This industry, measured by value of products, ranked fourth in 1909, but takes third place in 1914, reporting 230 estabhshments and giviag em- ployment to an average of 3,833 wage earners. For the five-year period 1909-1914 this industry shows an increase of 38.4 per cent in wage earners and 72.9 per cent in value of products. The incn of fertUizers" in the state was due to the greater de- mand for fertilizers, the increase in the manufacture of cottonseed oil, and the extensive use of phosphate rock. Lumber and timher products. — This industry, which embrace.s logging operations, sawmills, planing mills, and wooden-box factories, was fourth in importance in 1914, dropping from second place in 1909, for reasons explained in the discussion of Table 1. It continues, however, to be the second industry in the state in point of average number of wage earners. The prod- uct reported in 1914 was $22,115,000 and in 1909 $24,632,000, a decrease of 10.2 per cent, whereas the increase for the decade 1904-1914 was 2.2 per cent; these figures tend to emphasize the fluctuation in the enumeration of this industry. Persons engaged in manufactnring industries. — Table 3 presents, for 1909 and 1914, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex; the aver- age number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Female. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 118,565 118,036 101,199 100,245 17,366 17, 791 85.4 84.9 14.6 15.1 8,641 8,793 8,488 8,655 153 138 98.2 98.4 1.8 1.6 Proprietors and firm members - Salaried officers of corporations . Superintendents and managers . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number). . 4,443 5,141 1,504 1,385 2,694 2,237 5,463 4,655 104,461 104,588 4,327 5,026 1,481 1,372 2,680 2,257 4,679 3,953 88,032 87,637 il6 115 23 13 14 10 784 702 16,429 16,951 97.4 97.8 98.5 99.1 99.5 99.6 86.6 84.9 84.3 83.8 2.6 2.2 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.4 14.4 15.1 15.7 16.2 16 years of age and over 97,633 98,547 6,828 6,041 82,878 83,998 5,154 3,639 14, 755 14,549 1,674 2,402 84.9 85.2 75.5 60.2 15.1 14.8 24.5 39.8 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 118,565, of whom 104,461, or nearly nine- tenths, were wage earners, 8,641 were proprietors and officials, and 5,463 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over 84.9 per cent were males and 15.1 per cent females. Corresponding figures for individual industries will be found in Table 35. Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the 266 MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. Table 4 All classes Promietors and ofiicials Proprietors and nrm members Salaried officers oi corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTTFACTtmiNQ INDUSTKIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total -1.7 -13.6 8.6 18.8 17.4 -0.1 -0.9 13.0 Male. 1.0 -1.9 -13.9 7.9 18.7 18.4 0.5 -1.3 41.6 Female. 10.9 0.9 11.7 -3.1 1.4 -30.3 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 7.3 3.7 1.3 2.3 88.1 82.3 5.8 100.0 7.4 4.3 1.2 1.9 83.5 5.1 Male. 1911 1909 100.0 sT? 4.3 1.5 2.6 4.6 87.0 81.9 5.1 100.0 5.0 1.4 2.2 3.9 87.4 83.8 3.6 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 a7 0.7 0.1 0.1 4.5 94.6 85.0 9.6 100.0 08 0.6 0.1 0.1 3.9 95.3 81.8 13.5 ' A minus sign (- ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for the several classes of employees. Among those showing decreases are proprietors and firm mem- bers and female wage earners under 16 years of age. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes com- bined, 18.8, is for superintendents and managers. For the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase in the employment of child labor in Georgia, notwith- standing the decrease for females under 16 years of age. This decrease was more than offset by the marked increase, 41.6 per cent, among males of that age. Wage earners 16 years of age and over repre- sented 82.3 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 83.5 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classi- fication employed at the earlier census. (See "Expla- nation of terms.") The following table makes this comparison according to occupational status: Table 6 PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total.. 118,565 118,036 102.365 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.4 15 3 Proprietors and firm mem- 4,443 9,661 104,461 5,14] 8,307 104,588 3,512 6,104 92,749 3.7 8.1 88.1 4.4 7.0 88.6 3.4 6.0 90.6 -13.6 16.3 -0.1 Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) 36.1 12 8 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Of the three classes appearing in this table, salaried employees shows an increase for each five-year period; it is, however, greater for the earher period. Table 6 presents, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined and for important industries separately for 1914 and 1909, the average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females Ifi years of age and over, and children undei-^^^gS^® Qi ' Table 6 All industries. Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products. . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rauroad companies. Clothiiig, men's, including shirts Confectionery. Cotton goods.. Fertilizers Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Leather goods Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Turpentine and rosin All other induiitries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EABNEBS. Aver- age num- ber.' 104,461 104,588 92, 749 577 552 726 491 1,907 2,493 955 1,059 6,943 6,269 1,303 1,242 726 648 30,719 27,803 3,833 2,770 216 2,648 2,892 1,365 1,406 3,468 2,743 890 494 778 683 18,196 22,257 2.622 2,099 846 545 4,212 2,888 2,476 2,395 9,118 12, 787 9,461 9,856 Per cent Of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 79.3 80.3 78.5 97.1 96.4 78.9 85.3 98.9 97.8 98.5 96.6 99.8 99.5 11.1 12.8 49.4 43.7 53.5 52.6 98.7 97.1 97.2 99.3 94.3 93.0 97.6 89.8 79.9 99.0 97.4 96.3 93.6 99.8 99.7 81.6 77.9 99.3 98.5 76.0 76.2 Fe- male. Under 16 years of 14.1 13.9 13.6 0.2 17.9 8.3 8 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.5 87.3 85.2 49.0 52.0 27.8 32.4 « 0.1 2.9 2.3 0.1 P) 1.3 2.0 56.2 55.1 0.2 9.2 14.3 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.6 m 0.1 15.2 15.9 2L0 19.8 6.5 5.8 7.9 2.9 3.4 3.2 6.3 1.0 2.1 0.8 3.1 8 1.6 2.0 1.5 4.3 18.7 15.0 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.6 1.1 4.4 5.0 8.8 16.1 3.5 2.4 0.9 5.7 0.5 1.0 1.0 2.6 2.8 5.9 0.1 0.2 3.2 6.2 0.6 1.5 2.9 4.0 !S 1 6 .years , ,.'!'<"■ method Of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. 267 For aU industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over shows only a very slight change from census to census, while the proportion of females is practically the same. The proportion of children under 16 employed as wage earners shows a decrease from 1904 to 1909 but an increase from 1909 to 1914. Of the 17 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 14 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of males and 7 an increase in pro- portion of females, while in only two — cotton goods and manufactured ice — was there an increase in pro- portion of children under 16 years of age. Men's clothing and hosiery and knit goods are the only industries in which the proportion of women employed as wage earners is greatly in excess of that for men. The textile industries gave employment to a consider- able proportion of the children. Nearly one-fifth of those engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods were under 16 years of age. In the hosiery and knit- goods industry children under 16 years of age formed 16.1 per cent of the total number of wage earners in 1909, but by 1914 the proportion had fallen to 8.8 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Census year. AVEBAGE mrnBER OP WAGE EAKNEES IN— Athens. Atlanta. Augusta. Brunswick. Coltunbus. Macon. Rome. Savannah. Waycross. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,308 962 509 12,585 12,302 11,891 4,925 5,073 4,839 743 385 254 4,802 14,693 4,434 4,047 13,606 3,661 1,389 1,014 2,485 12,649 3,230 1,302 1,130 16 years of ago and orer: Male 802 609 410 354 267 64 152 86 35 9,244 8,792 8,624 3,074 2,905 2,539 267 605 728 3,598 3,495 2,923 1,175 1,375 1,493 152 203 423 559 287 239 183 55 8 1 43 7 3,374 3,074 3,013 1,151 1,179 1,064 277 340 357 3,501 2,957 2,714 462 474 598 84 175 349 955 755 1,928 2,321 2,978 476 295 232 81 33 20 1,283 1,127 Female 379 192 16 2 Under 16 years of age 55 67 3 1 Percent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 61.3 63.3 •80.6 27.1 27.8 12.6 11.6 8.9 6.9 73. S 71.5 72.5 24.4 23.6 21.4 2.1 4.9 6.1 73.0 68.9 60.4 23.9 27.1 30.9 3.1 4.0 8.7 75.2 74.5 94.1 24.6 14.3 3.1- 0.1 11.2 2.8 70.3 66.9 68.0 24.0 25.7 24.0 5.8 7.4 8.1 86.5 82.0 74.x 11.4 13.1 16.3 2.1 4.9 9.5 68.8 74.5 77.6 87.6 92.2 19.2 11.1 7.2 3.2 1.2 0.6 99.7 27.3 18.9 1 2 0.2 Under 16 years of age 4.0 6.6 0.2 0.1 • Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city except Athens, where the sexes were more evenly distributed. Most of the cities show decreases from census to census in both nvunbers and proportions of wage earners under 16 years of age. The only cities showing increases in this respect during the last five- year period were Athens, Savannah, and Waycross. Atlanta, the most important city of the state, showed increases in all classes of wage earners employed dur- ing the five-year period 1909-1914. Next to Atlanta, the greatest number of wage earn- ers are reported in Augusta; while it has less than one- half the number of employees reported for Atlanta, it shows an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the number of adult males but a decrease among adult females and children. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 93, is shown for Brunswick ;Z3ll5g'*i*Z©S^/j))* Rome ; and third, 36, for Athens. than m""' '^^ ^~' '*'°°'*' decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less Tabic 8 FEB CENT OF INCREASE IN AVEBAGE NUMBEB OF WAGE EABNEBS.l CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Male. Female. Athens 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 19W-1909 1909-1914 157.0 36.0 89.0 5.8 2.3 3.4 1.8 -2.9 4.8 192.5 93.0 Til. 6 8.3 4.6 3.6 10.5 12.2 -1.5 37.0 -23.1 -6.2 -18.0 15.2 95.6 31.7 48.5 7.2 5.1 1.9 23.1 2.9 19.6 133.9 94.8 20.1 12.0 9.8 2.0 29.0 18.4 9.0 26.5 -35.3 -16.9 -22.1 13.8 32.6 Atlanta 21.1 5.8 14.4 -21.3 -14.5 -7.9 -63.3 -55.9 -16.9 64 1 Augusta -25.1 -52.0 Columbus 8.2 -2.4 10.8 -22.7 -2.5 -20.7 97.4 105.2 61.4 27.2 22 4 -18.5 -4.8 -75.9 -52.0 -49.8 Rome fiavftTiTiah . . \y-aycross.... Iicrosoft® — 268 MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. Wage earners employed, by months. — Table 9 gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909 and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January. - February . . March April May Jime JuJy , August September October . . . November, December . WAGE EABNEES IN MANTJPACTUBINQ INDUSTBIES. Number.' 109, 508 113, 257 lis, 286 109, 489 103, 590 101, 939 101, 703 100, 898 100,934 100, 428 98, 749 97, 751 1909 103, 477 107, 544 108, 271 102, 881 98, 622 99,445 99,518 102, 577 106,033 107, 837 109, 012 109,839 1904 90,701 90,957 96,087 95, 557 92, 773 92,347 91,154 89,226 91, 742 95,609 95,723 91, 112 Per cent of maximum. 1914 95.0 98.2 100 95.0 89.9 88.4 88.2 87.5 87.6 87.1 86.6 84.8 1909 94.2 97.9 98.6 93.7 89.8 90.5 90.6 93.4 96.5 98.2 99.2 100.0 1904 94.4 94.7 100.0 99.4 96.6 96.1 94.9 92.9 95.5 99.5 99.6 94.8 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 February and March show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for March. The year 1909 shows quite the reverse, No- vember and December being the season of greatest activity, while in 1904 the maximum was March. The total average number of wage earners em- ployed during 1914 is shown in Table 10, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the stat&, for a number of selected indus- tries, and for the total industries of each of the nine cities having a population of more than 10,000. Of the selected industries, other than those classed as seasonal, agricultural implements, carriages and wagons, men's clothing, and furniture and refriger- ators, show the greatest degree of fluctuation in the number of wage earners employed. Bread and bakery products and printing and publishing show the greatest stabiMty of employment. Of the nine cities, Bruns- wick shows much the greatest fluctuation, the propor- tion that the minimmn formed of the maximum being 41.7 per cent. Table 10 INDUSTBY AND CITY. WAGE earners: 1911. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated Ijy boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Average number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. January Febru- ary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Septem- ber. October. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All industries Agricultural Implements Bread and other bakery products . . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products ^ Carriages and wagons and materials . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Clothing, men's, including shirts Cotton goods Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing , Turpentine and rosin All other industries Total for cities Athens Atlanta Augusta Brunswick Columbus Macon Rome Savannah Watcross 104, 461 577 726 1,907 955 6,943 1,303 30, 719 3,833 2.648 1,365 3,468 890 18, 196 2,622 4,212 2,476 9,118 12, 503 33, 586 1,308 12,585 4,925 743 4,802 4,047 1,389 2,485 1,302 109,508 113,257 115, 286 109, 489 103, mo 101,939 101, 703 100, 898 100,934 98, 749 97,761 798 701 1,937 1,106 7,041 1.435 3i; 763 3,729 2,806 1,546 3,581 eoe 19,965 2,371 5,854 2,489 8,625 13, 165 34,882 749 705 1,848 1,154 1,500 31, 725 7,459 2,755 1,593 3,530 617 20,104 2,505 5,655 2,601 8,814 13, 174 35, 583 607 717 1,895 1,153 7,082 1,523 31, 567 9,997 2,721 1,488 3,625 692 20, 395 2,659 4,688 2,501 9,345 12, 751 35,568 666 729 2,151 1,095 7,037 1,502 31, 131 6,577 2,679 1)498 3,484 875 19, 257 2,617 2,949 2,540 10, 015 12, 797 34,900 482 737 2,148 1,054 6,987 1,493 30,804 3,142 2,715 1,488 3,446 1,863 18,645 2,779 1, .597 2,523 10, 116 12,371 33,340 739 2,191 1,131 1,441 30, 776 2,113 2,818 1,492 3,500 1,212 17, 781 2,807 1,340 2,624 9,884 12, 795 33,159 469 738 2,200 1,110 7,142 1,489 30, 086 i.gm 2,871 1,447 3,480 1,250 17,783 2,882 1,281, 2,494 10,032 13, 027 33,140 558 738 2,164 1,041 1,352 B9,U9 1,93S 2,921 1,412 3,604 1,170 18, 214 2,793 2,126 2,453 9,322 12,838 33, 126 545 731 814 6,927 1,142 29,776 2,061 2,676 1,172 3,420 1,069 17,001 5,389 2,429 9,070 12, 173 32, 890 538 722 1,670 601 6,760 927 30,268 2,302 2,434 1,090 3,487 821 16,465 2,749 6,686 2,427 8,424 12, 057 32, 642 671 726 1,436 618 8S7 30,664 2,301 B.m 1,094 3,422 681 16,gI8 2,410 6,648 2,420 8,055 11,650 SI, 8Si 644 730 1,4X1 ess 6,657 935 30, 810 2,460 2,249 1,060 s, m 634 16,464 S,06e 6,428 S,ill 7,7U 11,148 31,948 1,393 13,060 4,708 1,093 5,019 4,220 1,623 2,612 1,264 1,421 13, 224 6,030 1,098 5,005 4,227 1,543 2,760 1,286 1,417 13, 396 5,194 679 4,927 4,516 1, 416 2,768 1,255 1,397 13, 246 5,110 724 4,838 4,271 1,369 2,632 1,313 1,313 12,629 5,090 470 4,864 3,910 1,S99 2,446 1,319 1,283 12, 446 6,048 468 4,813 3,934 1,356 2,448 1,373 1,239 12, 449 5,013 474 4,856 4,004 1,318 2,418 1,370 1,272 12, 393 4,663 772 4,856 4,015 1,398 2,380 1,387 1,235 12,291 4,811 768 4,770 8,828 1,395 2,421 1,373 1,239 12, 193 4,926 764 4,611 3,951 1,355 2,353 1,260 J, MS 11, 920 4,748 822 3,863 1,314 2,292 1,222 1,261 11, 773 i,m 794 4,617 3,827 1,382 2,300 1,223 51.0 94,9 64.6 50,6 92.1 19. U 76.4 66.5 90.4 48.6 79.8 71.7 19,2 94.9 76.3 85.4 87.9 89,6 41.7 84.7- 84.2 82.8 88.1 Prevailing hours of labor. — Table 11 presents, for 1914 and 1909, for afl industries combined and for selected industries separately a classification of wage earners according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which, they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for aU industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. 269 in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller nmnber of hom-s. The figm-es in this table for the state as a whole and for the selected industries illustrate the tendency to- ward a shortening of the work day of wage earners. In 1914, for aU industries combined and for the most of them separately, the majority of the wage earners were employed in estabhshments in which the pre- vailing homs of labor were 60 per week. In 1909, 28,880, about one-fourth of the total average number of wage earners for aU industries combined, were em- ployed in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours of labor were more than 60 per week, whereas 12,495, or only about one-tenth, were so employed in 1914. Sixty hours per week is the term of employment in most general use in Georgia, and the estabhshments reporting it giving employment to 51,424, or 49.2 per cent of the total for the state, in 1909, and to 59,608, or 57.1 per cent of the total, in 1914. During the five-year period there was a marked increase in the proportion of wage earners reported for the estab- hshments in each of the four classes working less than 60 hours per week. Table 11 Census year. AVEBAGE NHMBEB Of WAGE EABNEKS. nrousTEY AND cm. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. Between 48 and 64. 64. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 104,461 104,588 8,809 7,075 6,915 2,948 8,638 6,709 9,096 7,552 69,608 61,424 7,162 23,607 3,868 3,949 1 465 l|424 877 552 726 491 1,907 2,493 956 1,069 6,943 6,269 1,303 1,242 30,719 27,803 3,833 2,770 2,648 2,892 1,365 1,406 3,468 2,743 890 494 18,196 22,257 2,622 2,099 4,212 2,888 2,476 2,395 9,118 12,787 12,503 11,948 33,586 77 3 40 52 106 5 66 200 254 169 142 448 443 256 240 1,082 1,716 730 847 55 1,082 20 123 30,602 10,868 2,163 2,146 939 1,743 812 992 2,346 658 42 68 8,693 14,722 1,174 744 217 338 191 390 4,700 9,032 5,138 6,282 15,368 78 17 45 64 12 50 578 140 9 148 114 80 238 286 73 34 8 46 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 186 160 2 a 42 14 4,688 4,440 164 129 3 1,244 9 3 Cars and general shop contraction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 378 412 77 18 318 373 248 117 619 837 159 817 796 300 174 896 1,120 5 s Clothing, men's, including shirts 669 724 304 41 4 134 6 15 105 121 7 411 308 21 112 15,913 67 87 4 94 28 108 542 7 341 40 217 128 34 262 2 TToiindry and TTlftchiTift-shnp prnHiint<5 TTosfery ^f\<\ i^^it goods ... 226 965 438 34 3,980 4,437 26 94 66 129 452 Lumber and timber products .... 1,293 865 682 952 11 1,731 732 429 125 14 504 144 125 148 76 6 393 664 90 139 1,042 841 5,591 1,731 875 212 130 135 Marble and stone work 30 579 369 4 3,315 2,146 1,495 793 2,963 2,764 803 ' 633 2,928- 292 226 868 428 1,268 312 2,235 82 302 419 109 2,"881 2,235 3,633 1 88 74 133 971 841 19 241 268 1,094 2,466 680 ATWlSTja .,.,.. . . 1,308 12,585 4,925 743 4,802 4,047 1,389 2,485 1,302 55 1,860 170 77 2,471 515 25 304 1,264 166 744 26 72 2,627 20 77 141 336 199 261 1,037 3,780 3,588 381 3,595 l,.'iO0 849 584 64 17 363 218 17 389 209 42 32 1,178 41 455 9 Atlanta . . . . 866 366 237 . 208 126 74 349 9 273 Augusta 48 6 37 311 31 441 33 114 193 10 28 108 18 46 3 Rome Wayceoss Among the separate industries, cotton goods shows I 1909, 42.4 per cent of the wage earners in this industry the most pronoimced decrease in ^°¥^Mf}^Pj h^ MfSftiS&h^'^ ™ estabhshments where the houTs of 270 MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. labor were 60 or less per week, but in 1914 no estab- liskments reported over 60 hours per week. In cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies, however, nearly seven-tenths were reported by establishments where the prevailiiig hours were 54 per week; and in printiag and pub- lishing approximately all the employees were reported in estabhshments with prevailing hours 48 to 60 per week. This is also true of the following industries: Agricultural implements, carriages and wagons, foun- dry and machine-shop products, furnitiire and refrig- erators, and marble and stone work. In the cities the proportion of wage earners in es- tablishments in which the prevailing hours are 60 or less predominate to a large extent; Waycross being the only exception to this rule. Location of establishments. — ^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Georgia were centralized in the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 13 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OP 10,000 OR OVEB. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAYING A POPULATION Cr 10,000 OB OVEB. Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of- aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 -1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 , 1899 9 9 6 421,061 373,841 234,688 925 938 609 33,686 31,714 23,471 $98,864,550 74,414,871 37,344,230 37,869,835 32,777,875 16,426,644 15.2 14.3 10.6 19.9 19.6 16.9 32.2 30.3 28.2 39.0 36.7 39.5 40.6 38.2 36.4 5 5 3 81,634 72,233 61,131 230 170 151 9,644 8,084 7,693 $19,870,462 14,328,986 11,191,072 7,950,562 6,630,776 4,669,365 2.9 2.8 2.3 5.0 3.6 6.0 9.1 ' 7.7 9.2 7.8 7.1 11.8 8.5 6.4 10.3 3 3 3 160,125 146,769 183,567 272 285 358 11, 457 11,328 16,778 $37,715,161 27,047,883 26,153,158 11,757,402 10,627,414 11,756,279 1 1 Population ' 2,776,613 2,609,121 2,216,331 4,639 4,792 3,016 104,461 104.588 83,336 $253,270,511 202,863,262 94,532,368 93,181,902 85,893,498 45,176,072 5.8 5.6 8.3 5.9 5.9 11.9 11.0 10.8 18.9 179,292 154,839 6.5 6.9 2,355,462 2,235,280 1,981,643 3,714 3,854 2,506 70,875 72.874 69,865 $154,406,961 128,448,391 57,1.88,138 55,312,067 63,115,623 28,760,428 84.8 85.7 89 4 Number of establishments 423 483 9.1 10.1 80 1 80.4 83 1 Average number of wage earners... 12,685 12,302 12.0 11.8 67.8 69.7 71 8 14.9 13.3 27.7 12.6 12.4 26.0 $41,278,927 33,038,002 16.3 16.3 61.0 63.3 60 5 Value added by manufacture 18,161,871 16,619,685 19.5 19.3 59.4 61.8 63.6 1 Census estimate of popuiation for 1914. In 1914 the cities which represented 15.2 per cent of the estimated population of the state teported 39 per cent of the total value of products, 32.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and 19.9 per cent of the total number of establishments. Table 13 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the rela- tive importance in manufactures of each of the nine cities of more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which com- parative statistics are available, as measured by the value of products in 1914. Measured by the value of products the cities in this table hold the same relative position as in 1909, with the exception of Rome and Athens. In that year Athens ranked sixth and Rome seventh. Table 13 CITY. AVERAGE iniMBER OP "WAGE EARNERS. ' B VALUE or PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12,585 4,047 4,925 4,802 2,486 1,389 1,,308 1,302 743 12,302 13,606 5,073 14.593 12,649 1,014 962 1,130 385 11,891 3,661 4,839 4,434 3,230 ■'■■569' "■"264" $41,278,927 18,867,439 12,138,224 10,619,358 6,709,498 3,300,894 ,3,023,492 2,086,886 840,833 $33,0.38,002 110,052,363 10,466,407 18,477,663 16,,W9,113 1.864,267 2,111,618 1,20.3,393 672, 167 $25,745,650 7,297,347 Augusta 8,829,305 Colunibus. .. 7,079,702 6,340,004 Athens 1,158,205 406,723 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. ^_. ... ,, ,,. Digitized by Microso Atlanta, the largest city in the state and commer- cially one of the most important in the South, shows a great diversity in manufacturing activities; among the leading industries being cotton goods, confec- tionery, foundries and machine shops, Imnber and timber, and printing and pubhshing. For the five- year period 1909-1914 the total value of products increased 24.9 per cent and for the decade 60.3 per cent. The principal activities in Macon are cen- tered in the car shops, cotton manufacturing, food preparations, and oil, cottonseed, and cake. In Augusta cotton manufacturing, fertUizers, and oil, cottonseed, and cake reported products valued at over one million dollars. Columbus has, in addition to the industries mentioned in the last-named two cities, extensive flour miUs and gristmills. Savannah, the second city in the state in respect to population, is less important as a manufacturing city. This is indicated by the fact that it holds only fifth place when ranked by value of products and average number of wage earners; it is, however, the most im- portant seaport of the state, and through it a large part of Georgia's manufactured products are ex- ported or reshipped to other parts of the country. Only one industry— fertilizers— reached $1,000,000 in value of_products for the year 1914. MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. 271 Character of ownership. — Statistics concerning char- acter of ownership, or legal organization, of manu- facturing enterprises of Georgia are shown in- the fol- lowiag table. Comparative figures for aU industries combined are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, for 1914 and 1909; for individual cities the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosure of operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers.. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individu- als. Corporar tions. All others. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,159 2,292 1,401 1,364 1,262 931 1,126 1,248 887 104,461 104,588 92,749 12,543 16,527 15,673 80,181 72,207 62,077 11,737 15,854 14,999 12.0 15.8 16.9 76.8 69.0 66.9 11.2 16.2 16.2 $253, 270, 511 202,863,262 151,040,466 S15,877,336 19,355,313 17,808,471 $221,271,069 166,067,980 114,976,572 $16,122,107 18,449,969 18,255,412 6.3 9.5 11.8 ■ 87.4 81.4 76.1 6.4 9.1 12.1 Agricultural implements.. 4 1 9 7 5 9 577 552 14 531 503 32 149 2.4 92.0 91.1 5.5 8.9 1,601,347 1,116,700 21,876 1,380,941 1,017,640 98,530 199,060 1.4 92.0 91.1 6.6 8.9 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 87 93 9 6 11 11 726 491 400 336 249 102 77 53 56.1 68.4 34.3 20.8 10.6 10.8 2,537,212 1,531,978 1,084,527 974,044 1,147,139 387,144 305,546 170,790 42.7 63.6 46.2 26.3 12.0 11.2 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 1914 1909 24 38 30 38 13 26 1,907 2,493 129 334 1,590 1,897 188 262 6.8 13.4 83.4 76.1 9.8 10.6 2,421,149 2,324,964 102,100 315,333 2; 061, 806 1,831,857 257,244 177,774 4; 2 13.6 85.2 78.8 10.6 7.6 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 32 45 17 21 16 17 955 1,059 223 291 586 629 146 139 23.4 27.5 61.4 59.4 15.3 13.1 2,364,208 2,560,031 440,601 476,012 1,658,510 1,793,256 255,097 290,763 18.7 18.6 70.4 70.0 10.8 11.4 Cars and general shop oon- 1914 1909 34 34 6,943 6,269 6,943 6,269 100.0 100.0 8,970,460 6,535,036 8,970,460 6,535,036 100.0 100.0 steam-raikoad compa- Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 4 3 13 13 4 6 1,303 1,242 209 229 722 606 372 407 16.0 18.4 56.4 48.8 28.5 32.8 2,518,386 1,933,659 335,124 353,087 1,757,769 798,267 425,493 782,305 13.3 18.3 69.8 41.3 18.9 40.4 Cotton goods 1914 1909 6 6 111 108 1 % 30,719 27,803 2 467 2884 30,252 26,919 1.6 3.2 98.4 96.8 59,982,008 48,036,817 2 708,343 2 1,863,939 461,049 284,545 59,273,665 46,172,878 26,225,456 15,138,939 1.2 3.9 98.8 96.1 Fertilizers 1914 1909 22 11 168 78 40 21 3,833 2,770 50 36 3,502 2,472 281 262 1.3 1.3 . 91.4 89.2 7.3 9.5 29,045,903 16,800,301 2,359,398 1,376,817 1.6 1.7 90.3 90.1 8.1 8.2 Foundry and machine- shop products,. . . 1914 1909 41 33 46 62 29 22 2,648 2 892 234 224 2,188 2,459 226 209 8.8 7.7 82.6 85.0 8.5 7 2 5,829,907 5,808,152 2,042,263 2,060,186 471,993 437,139 35,937 131,350 5,033,046 4,961,430 1,939,926 1,830,331 324,868 419 583 8.1 ^' 1.8 6.4 86.3 85.2 95.0 88.8 5.6 7.2 3.2 4.8 Furniture 1914 1909 5 11 26 23 3 8 1,365 1,406 23 85 1,310 1,262 32 69 1.7 6.0 96.0 89.8 2.3 4.2 66,400 98,504 Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 20 14 44 40 10 7 890 494 84 78 758 377 48 39 9.4 15.8 85.2 76.3 5.4 7.9 2,064,984 1,162,636 196,044 175,046 1,768,860 910,801 110,080 76,790 9.5 15.1 85.2 78.3 5.3 6.6 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1,014 1,144 140 173 434 509 18,196 22,257 5,172 6,730 9,475 10,519 3,649 5,008 28.4 30.2 62.1 47.3 19.5 22.6 22,114,996 24,632,093 6,256,806 6,370,663 12,464,162 12,838,629 4,394,027 5,422,801 23.8 25.9 66.4 62.1 19.9 22.0 Marble and stone work . . . 1914 1909 44 60 26 26 30 28 2,622 2,099 281 409 1,871 1,089 470 601 10.7 19.6 71.4 61.9 17.9 28.6 3,661,695 2,648,218 376,646 574,771 2,765,284 1,444,831 509,665 628,616 10.3 21.7 75.7 54.6 14.0 23.7 on, cottonseed, and cake. . 1914 1909 4 2 145 136 4 4 4,212 2,888 32 4,139 2,840 41 148 0.8 98.3 98.3 1.0 1.7 32,714,801 23,640,779 7,575,931 6,400,241 161,660 32,336,422 23,462,265 5,532,793 4,791,909 217,719 O.S 98.8 0.7 0.8 11.3 9.8 Printing and publishing . . 1914- 1909 ■221 235 128 123 92 84 2,476 2,395 566 529 1,577 1,549 . 333 317 22.9 22.1 63.7 64.7 13.4 13.2 1,187,378 982,661 855,760 625,681 16.7 16.4 73.0 74.9 Turpentine and rosin 1914 1909 254 261 42 26 266 306 9,118 12,787 3,449 5,092 835 722 4,834 6,973 37.8 39.8 9.2 5.6 53.0 54.5 4,607,590 6,938,957 1,694,126 2,792,941 447,636 381,834 2,465,828 3,764,182 36.8 40.2 9.7 5.5 63.5 54.2 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 314 461 150 33,586 2,016 29,786 1,784 6.0 88.7 5.3 98,864,551 4,396,127 90,012,911 4,455,513 4.4 91.0 4.5 16 133 27 10 20 21 219 38 19 36 11 71 8 5 15 1,.308 12,585 4,925 743 4,802 1.30 982 171 62 162 1,131 10,533 4,728 667 4,551 47 1,070 26 24 99 9.9 7.8 3.5 7.0 3.2 86.5 83.7 96.0 89.8 94.8 3.6 8.5 0.5 3.2 2.1 3,023,492 41,278,927 12,138,224 840,833 10,619,358 236,354 2,290,954 320,065 76,959 332,931 141,303 136,041 780,466 82,066 2,518,915 36,981,998 11,689,700 714,594 9,792,335 18, 303, 816 3,122,936 4,914,169 1,974,448 268,223 2,006,975 128,469 50,280 494, 092 7.8 5.6 2.6 9.0 3 1 83.3 89.6 96.3 86.0 8 9 Atlanta 4 9 AUOTISTA Bkunswick 6 1914 1914 1914 1914 15 12 68 13 47 34 37 10 8 4 24 4 4,047 1,389 2,486 1,302 56 68 377 39 3,854 1,317 1,753 1,252 138 14 365 11 1.4 4.2 15.2 3.0 95.2 94.8 70.6 96.2 3.4 1.0 14.3 0.8 18,867,439 3,300,894 6,709,498 2,085,886 422,320 41,917 1,014,864 29,383 0.8 4.1 11.6 3.9 97.0 94.6 73.2 94.6 Rome 1 3 Waycboss 1 4 1 Includes the group "individuals." For aU industries combined throughout the state, there was an increase during the decade in the num- ber of establishments under each form of ownership. The greatest proportion of the establishments — nearly one-half of the total in 1914 — is shown for those under individual ownership, but in value of products and average number of wage earners, those owned by corporations greatly predominate. For 1914, with but 29.2 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, the corpc^ifrnf^f^igsr^T^^ 2 Includes the group "all others." 87.4 per cent of the total value of products and 76.8 per cent of the total average number of wage earners; for 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions are somewhat less. For each of the 16 industries for which separate statistics are given the largest proportion of the total value of products is shown for establishments under corporate ownership, with the exception of turpentine and rosin, which reports only 9.7 per cent under this class of ownership. 1^PBFOS©#@i prevailed also in 1914, as regards 272 MtVI^UFACTURES— GEORGIA. all industries combined, in each of the nine cities. Here, however, a greater proportion of the estab- lishments are under corporate ownership. Size of establishmeats. — ^Table 15 shows, for all in- dustries combined, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments grouped according to the value of their products, and for each group the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. The per cent distribution of the items constituting each total is also given. Table 15 VALUE OF PBODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 19(tt 1914 1909 1904 W14 1909 1904 1914 1«09 1904 4,639 4,792 3,219 104, 461 104,588 92,749 $253,270,511 $202,863,262 $1.51,040,455 $93,181,902 $85,893,498 $67,415,951 Less than $5,000 1,861 1,508 739 502 29 1,918 1,624 799 433 18 941 1,158 768 342 10 5,359 13,668 15,363 53,515 16,556 6,303 17,719 20,431 50,207 10,928 2,299 13,208 23,492 45,988 7,762 4,447,032 14,926,602 33,793,262 143,239,055 56,864,560 4,356,414 16,813,666 34,964,524 112,684,673 34,054,085 2,385,888 12,675,263 32,479,382 82,835,728 20,664,194 3,136,020 9,370,060 14,609,896 49,125,965 16,939,961 3,100,327 11,583,6)3 17,613,878 43,539,772 10,056,908 1,761,109 8,748,189 17,761,651 34,009,584 6,135,518 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100. fl 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 40.1 32.5 15.9 10.8 0.6 40.0 33.9 16.7 9.0 0.4 29.2 36.0 23.9 10.6 0.3 5.1 13.1 14.7 51.2 15.8 5.1 16.9 19.5 48.0 10.4 2.5 14.2 25.3 49.6 8.4 1.8 5.9 13.3 56.6 22.4 2.1 8.3 17.2 55.5 16.8 1.6 8.4 21.5 54.8 13.7 3.4 10.1 15.7 52.7 18.2 3.6 13.5 20.5 50.7 11.7 2 6 $5,000 to $20,000 laio 26 3 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 50.4 7.6 For 1914, 531 estabUshments, or 11.4 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 451, or 9.4 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 352, or 10.9 per cent, for 1904. The output also increased in value, the proportion of the total being 68.5 per cent in 1904 to 72.3 per cent in 1909 and 79 per cent m 1914. For 1914 these estabhshments reported 67 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state and 70.9 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estab- hshments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 40.1 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only 1.8 per cent of the total value of products. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for eight of the more important industries, a classification similar to that presented in Table 15. Table 16 rUDUSTRT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE OF PRODUCTS, 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 Cotton goods. $5,000 to $100,0001.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over. . . Fertilizers. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 3. Tlour-mill and gristmux products Less than 85,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over '. Foundry and machine-shop products Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Lumber and timber products. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over '. 118 100.0 100.0 30,719 27,803 100.0 100.0 $59,982,008 $48,036,817 lOO.O 100.0 $18,772,434 $15,988,078 100.0 100.0 12 95 9 110 78.8 11.9 100.0 10.3 81.9 7.8 100.0 491 19,328 10,900 3,833 604 18,860 8,439 2,770 1.6 62.9 35.5 100.0 1.8 67.8 30.4 100.0 731,701 36,660,830 22,589,477 29,045,903 632,617 31,821,398 15,582,902 16,800,301 1.2 61.1 37.7 100.0 1.3 66.2 32.4 100.0 185,730 11,163,232 7,423,472 7,825,983 198,331 10,453,428 5,336,319 5,856,150 1.0 59.5 39.5 100.0 1.2 65.4 33.4 100.0 37 116 71 116 37 35 11 1,688 38 34 28 17 107 25 34 31 17 2.6 16.1 50.4 30.9 423 123 69 153 ~~6 46 101 501 182 67 142 5 74 63 100.0 28.4 31.9 30.2 9.5 100.0 61.9 26.6 7.7 3.7 100.0 3.9 30.1 66.0 2 21.8 43.6 34.5 100.0 24.8 32.4 26.7 16.2 100.0 592 3,155 367 66 197 2,648 238 840 1,619 18,196 2 56 313 2,401 386 2? 46 56 2,892 200 718 1,933 22,267 0.1 16.4 82.3 2 2.0 11.3 86.7 100.0 6.2 11.9 14.5 67.4 26,252 458,438 5,710,332 22,861,881 6,083,760 100.0 3.5 62.1 44.4 2,750 3,857 3,667 7,922 4,212 iT 542 3,646 3,260 4,957 6,183 7,857 2,888 20 837 2,031 100.0 1.9 9.0 31.7 67.4 100.0 15.1 21.2 20.2 43.5 100.0 0.6 12.9 100.0 0.7 29.0 70.3 1 Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000.' 5,829,907 92,781 404,000 1,554,483 3, 778, 643 22,114,995 2,084,199 4,017,081 6,280,353 10,733,362 32, 714,«)1 65, 513 2, 775, 185 29,874,103 n: 2 311,921 2,188,146 14,300,234 7,999,912 82,068 424, 429 979,532 6,513,883 5, 808, 152 60,306 366, 298 1,386,449 3,996,099 24,632,093 2,261,763 4,823,341 7,462,812 10,084,187 23,640,779 0.1 1.6 19.7 78.7 100.0 1.6 10.3 12.9 75.2 100.0 6.9 26.7 64.8 100.0 ""974" 18.2 23.9 48.5 100.0 2 1.9 13.0 85.1 100.0 100.0 "To 6.3 23.9 68.8 100.0 9.2 19.6 30.3 40.9 100.0 7,026 124,021 1,224,244 6,470,692 829,580 19,803 123,656 91,280 594,941 3,270,783 68,063 282,158 969,127 1,951,437 12,803,996 1, 566, 923 2,757,357 2, 707, 564 5, 782, 152 5, 478, 881 264,280 508,016 5,283,854 1,271,375 3,146,493 42,349 230,613 826,983 2,046,548 16,127,490 1, 665, 269 3, 561, 444 4, 654, 046 6, 266, 731 4,200,827 0.1 1.6 15.6 82.7 100.0 2.4 14.9 11.0 71.7 100.0 29.6 69.7 100.0 21.1 8.7 90.2 100.0 "Tl 4.7 10.2 84.1 100.0 Ts 7.3 26.3 65.0 100.0 4, 492, 812 19,077,985 ' Includes 0. 3 16, 741 19. 479, 293 80.7 4,982,847 the group "$1,P00,Q00 and over 12,696 1,025,309 3, 162, 822 12.2 21.5 21.1 45.2 100.0 0.3 8.7 90.9 10.3 22.0 28.9 3a 8 100.0 Ti 24.4 75.9 MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. 273 Table 16— Continued. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALXJE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Feinting and publishing... 441 442 100.0 100.0 2,476 2,395 100.0 100.0 17,575,931 $6,400,241 100.0 100.0 $5,603,577 $4,812,466 100.0 100.0 Less than 15,000 252 129 46 14 562 274 116 41 11 592 57.1 29.3 10.4 3.2 100.0 62.0 26.2 9.3 2.5 100.0 367 610 729 870 9,118 405 634 704 752 12,787 14.8 20.6 29.4 35.1 100.0 16.9 22.3 29.4 31.4 100.0 622,006 1,183,216 1,964,168 3,806,543 4,607,590 624,302 1,108,837 1,808,670 2,868,432 6,938,957 8.2 15.6 25.9 60.3 100.0 9.8 17.3 28.3 44.7 100.0 606,436 941,248 1,423,683 2,732,310 3,434,960 498,837 892,067 1,328,892 2,092,670 5,679,314 9.0 16.8 25.4 48.8 100.0 10.4 15 000 to $20,000 18.5 $20 000 to $100,000 27.6 $100 000 to $1,000,000 43.5 TUKPENTINE AND BOSIN.... 100.0 Less than $5,000 198 333 31 107 416 69 36.2 69.3 5.5 18.1 70.3 11.7 1,640 6,141 1,437 847 8,696 3,244 16.9 67.4 16.8 6.6 68.0 25.4 617,463 3,105,703 884,424 368,688 4,604,768 1,975,611 13.4 67.4 19.2 5.2 66.4 28.5 452,545 2,292,479 689,936 289,793 3,758,669 1,632,862 13.2 66.7 20.1 6.1 $5 000 t Go Fe An' Oc \ My' 135 16 48 200 74 114 126 24 131 7^ Je Oc Fe Apa De« De 126 16 36 149 32 100 98 24 106 135 16 40 176 53 102 106 24 107 110 37 73 138 1,440- 86 15 39 176 52 101 106 24 78 94 32 62 20 1,108 43 1 6 142,242 32,253 74,011 273,235 676,953 141,282 452,902 19,650 283,501 332,545 78,515 254,030 65,930 7,762,215 •\ 4 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Foundry and machine-shop products. 7 6 9 3 7 1 10 6 5 14 2 2 1 2 1 R 1 1 7 Lumber, planing-mill products, not Inoludmg planing muls connected with sawmills. 8 q Marble and stone work 10 n Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and pubUshing, news- papers and periodicals. PnTitiTig and publishing 14 9 6 3 1 51 15 39 3 36 6 9 1 8 25 9 2 7 115 274 4 7 3 4 ■"24" T> Ap3 Oc« 37 86 138 An 37 73 94 13 11 Printing and" publishing, and job printing. Tobacco, cigars \s All other industries * 131 17 * All other industries embrace: Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Bags, other thm paper 1 Bookbindingandblank-bookmaking. 1 I, wooden packing 1 Brooms 2 Canning and preser vtog, oysters 1 " ■ andwagons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and ^neral shop construction - and repau:s by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Athens Augusta Brunswick. Columbus... Macon Rome Watcboss... 48 1,480 60 61 52 9 1,308 73 5,353 47 144 202 35 4,925 34 834 22 34 33 2 743 71 5,083 49 109 100 23 4,802 70 4,491 29 174 209 32 4,047 60 1,558 19 83 53 14 1,389 27 1,427 21 21 76 7 1,302 Fe Mh Fe Ja Mh Fe Au 1,421 5,194 1,098 6,019 4,516 1,543 1,387 No Au Je No Se My No 1,226 4,653 458 4,449 3,826 1,299 1,222 1,315 4,937 1,364 4,719 4,157 1,454 1,244 807 3,607 1,026 3,316 3,596 1,000 1,226 356 1,178 335 1,131 475 396 15 76 127 43 40 2 145 $3,229,977 13,958,684 830,864 10,560,715 11,562,192 2,604,051 538,270 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— GEORGIA. 287 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Contmued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- ^cture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Offlciab. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent ot fectory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent oJ power. Total. Steam . en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. (102,624 99,424 3,200 219,797 101,951 59,585 58,261 1,200 445,338 $85,053 -82,493 2,560 521,134 299,128 105,853 116,153 925 396,605 S357,985 $17,045 $36,097 357,035 950 7,645 9,400 35,627 470 365,259 213,462 44,066 199,752 29,396 5,145 165,507 125 213,337 9,525 1,446 70,231 14,862 1,746,374 4,895 $8,822 8,759 63 16,907 8,408 5,924 1,575 4,180 184,742 $428,723 428,473 250 674,644 412,586 23.5,036 27,022 19,640 9,277,314 $14,048 13,928 120 14,365 8,949 5,416 128 221,306 $1,434,939 1,415,939 19,000 ■ 1,479,841 825,999 672,788 50, 576 15,753,521 $992, 168 973, 538 18,630 2,189,619 1,058,306 585,547 545,766 30,908 6,254,901 553 1 705 659 146 13,293 10,848 552 551 1 705 559 146 2,413 3,447 House-ftimishlng goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Jewelry 1 Labels and tags 1 Liquors, malt 1 Models and patterns 1 Musical instruments, violins, and otherstringed .^ - 1 Pencils, lead 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces, pre- serves 2 Printing and publishing, music 1 Printing materials 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems • 1 RooSng materials 1 Saddlery and harness 4 Show cases ; 1 Soap 2 Stationery goods 3 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and eleotrotyping 2 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 2 Structural ironwork 1 Tobacco, smoking. 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 2 Trunks and valises 1 Type founding 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, excelsior 1 Wirework 2 Wood preserving 1 Woolen goods 1 $248,332 $276,757 $1,258,659 $7,940 $46,642 $114,912 $3,179,847 $220,331 $6,709,498 $3,309,320 6,939 4,651 12 2,270 942 1 720 • 62,965 5,869 34,583 109,754 39,920 45,575 60,630 14,174 78,704 111,442 35,932 75,610 40,020 655,123 6,374 480 2,130 5,362 1,040 4,256 3,645 855 6,012 2,840 1,940 900 1,436 12,212 1,875 328 592 2,743 6,466 2,047 46,180 287 1,962 2,729 247 2,482 16,270 34,433 210,496 32,232 36,998 62,962 12,625 173,539 179,886 6,321 64,188 114,545 23,551 90,994 70,220 2,215,845 8,201 560 480 6,664 69,471 3,165 20,886 182 2,660 3,115 . 1,344 i;771 229 104,818 378,632 58,489 102,641 266,933 221,050 288,068 501,562 25,122 250,586 396,588 126,637 269,951 133.263 4,086,674 159,935 25,697 65,163 197,317 138,954 111,354 300,790 18,619 183,838 278,928 101,742 177,186 62,814 1,765,911 108 6 8 497 1,495 731 538 6 111 242 78 164 2 3,196 108 6 g 367 35 296 213 1 111 242 78 164 2 887 ■■■■942" ^ 1,5,360 15,804 24,758 3,192 20,700 3,945 11,683 5", 436 5,380 16,660 4 483 130 1,460 435 325 f, 6 7 150 8 4 q 23,679 18,130 15,300 2,830 2,600 124,109 16,151 58,106 3,260 54,846 2,702 4,109 3,150 959 10 _ 11 1? n 14 158,676 496 2,301 8 15 Clothing, men's. 2 CofEee and spice, roasting and grinding 1 Cooperage 1 Cordage and twine 1 Fertihzers 3 Food preparations 2 Gas, illimiijiating and heating 1 Ink, printing 2 Jute goods 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Optical goods 1 Patent medicines and compounds 2 Photo-engraving, not done m printing establishments 2 Printing materials 1 Saddlery and harness 1 StenoUs and brands 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 ■ " id.. Wood, turned and carved 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $99,857 $49,823 $458,942 $25,548 $14,436 $20,998 $1,859,802 $81,605 $3,023,492 $1,082,085 4,303 1,065 400 2,S38 36 1 298,967 222,361 1,983,370 2,160 36,977 166 398 8,293,781 238,420 12,138,224 3,606,023 16,649 5,529 48 9,127 1,845 612 9. 41,618 16,870 239,463 1,004 5,220 14,242 344,968 18,574 840,833 477,291 2,592 2,247 311 . 34 3 213,706 122,282 1,835,488 ^•Sk 26,538 88,846 6,170,406 197,496 10, 619, .358 4,251,456 16,922 2,495 51 7,925 6,451 4,010 4 362,920 230.581 1,801,365 4,229 34,752 151,755 13,655.799 369,581 18,867,439 4,842,059 15,853 8,599 30 7,224 1,956 a 121,685 52,744 538,731 3,103 12,654 26,086 2,148,314 67,916 3,300,894 1,094,664 2,735 2,191 25 519 19 6 30,017 79,796 843,428 3,401 6,041 5,806 1,012,197 28,623 2,085,886 1,045,066 3,339 3,255 15 69 2,185 7 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. < Same number reported for entire year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® IDAHO. By A. J. Majclack. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — With a gross area of 83,888 square miles, of -which 83,354 represent land surface, Idaho ranks tweKth m size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 161,772, and in 1910, 325,594; and its estimated population in 1914 was 395,407. In total population Idaho ranked forty-fourth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked forty-third, with 3.9 inhab- itants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 1.9. The urban populatioji in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and other incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 69,898, or 21.5 per cent of the total, as against 6.2 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 two cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000 — Boise and Pocatello. These cities, whose aggregate popu- lation in that year formed 10.3 per cent of the esti- mated population of Idaho, reported 11.4 per cent of the state's manufactured products. The steam-railroad mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 2,749, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 88. The total value of all farm crops in 1909 was $34,357,851, the most important products being hay and forage, wheat, oats, and barley. The northern part of the state receives sufficient rainfall for the growing of most crops without irrigation, whUe in the southern part the precipitation is much less. The mineral products of Idaho in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geologi- cal Survey, were valued at $24,913,223, of which lead represented $13,592,517. In the output of this mineral Idaho was exceeded only by Missouri in that year. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Idaho's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $28,453,797, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 8,919. In that year the state ranked forty-fourth in the former respect and forty-second in the latter, the same as in 1909. Table 1 summarizes ^the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state of Idaho, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives -percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . - . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salanes and wages Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANUFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. 1914 698 10,829 664 946 8,919 50, 326 $44,960,489 8,730,809. 1, 240, 288 7, 490, 521 562,085 548, 166 14, 892, 094 28, 453, 797 13,561,703 1909 831 858 8,220 42,804 $32,476,749 6, 481, 702 984, 055 5,497,647 736, 018 428, 135 9,920,017 22,399,860 12,479,843 1904 364 3,791 371 359 3,061 18,987 $9,689,445 2, 438, 702 379,311 2,059.391 379,986 = 138,419 4,068,523 8, 768, 743 4,700,220 1899 287 92 1,652 5,649 $2, 130, 112 884,464 66,225 818, 239 m m 1, 438, 868 3,001,442 1,562,574 PEK CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909- 1914 -3.7 6.3 -20.1 10.3 8.5 17.6 38. 34. 26. 36. -23. 28. 50. 27. 1904- 1909 99.2 161.4 124.0 139.0 168.5 152.0 235.2 165.8 159.4 167.0 93.7 143.8 155.5 165.5 1899- 1904 26.8 97.2 200.7 354.9 175 7 472.8 151.7 182.8 192.2 200.8 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Figures are not available. > Exclusive of internal revenue. There was a decrease in the number of estabhsh- ments and of proprietors and firm members during the period from 1909 to 1914. This decrease is due pri- marily to the number of small lumber mills that dis- continued operation during that period. All th« other items, except contract work, show considerable in- creases. In 1914 the state had 698 manufacturing establishments, which gave.emplojrment to an average of 10,529 persons during the year and paid out 82ioi°-i8 — 19 Digitized by $8,730,809 in salaries and wages. The value added by manufacture was $13,561,703, which figure, as ex- plained in the "Explanation of terms," best repre- sents the net wealth created by manufacturing opera- tions during the year. It is interesting to note that the percentages of increase for Idaho for the period 1909-1914 are greater in all important respects than the correspond- ing ones for the United States as a whole. The per- IVIicrosoft® (289) 290 MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. ceutages of increase reported for Idaho's wage earners, wages, and value of products for that period, were 8.5, 36.2, and 27, respectively; whereas the correspond- ing percentages for the United States as a whole were only 6.4, 19, and 17.3, respectively. To a large extent, the manufacturing industries of the state depend upon the products of its sod. Lumber and timber furnished the raw material for 46.8 per cent of the total value of products in 1914, while flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts contributed more than one-fifth of the remainder. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. 'Table 2, CENSUS OF 1911. PEK CENT OF rNCEEASE.l Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners - (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 190»- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 698 8,919 100.0 828,453,797 100.0 $13,561,703 100.0 8.5 168.5 97.2 27.0 155.4 192.^ 8.7 165.5 200.9 169 71 7 .1 6,019 188 977 88 487 81 104. 44 931 67.5 2.1 11.0 1.0 5.5 0.9 1.2 0.6 10.4 13,328,743 3,395,942 2,033,635 1,396,719 1,342,667 981,115 546,752 374,683 6,054,641 46.8 11.9 7.1 4.9 4.7 3.5 1.9 1.3 17.8 7,226,376 668,910 1,153,643 231,214 1,036,597 266,619 264,208 251,770 2,462,366 53.3 4.9 8.5 1.7 7.6 2.0 1.9 1.9 IS. 2 15.5 50.4 15.1 -25.4 4.1 259.7 96.6 24.7 36.9 48.9 57.9 17.0 84.4 38.8 -46.3 240.2 56.6 49.5 414.0 232.5 115.8 74.4 48.3 -1.6 47.0 63.2 13.8 14,6 229.6 48.3 -45,7 228.4 69.1 20.2 463.9 264.2 66,0 Cars ajid general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . Butter, cheese, and condensed millc.. 19.1 78.7 89.7 16.1 Printing and publisliing . 234.6 164.4 130.4 '304.6' 107,7 196,7 102,6 Bread and other balcery products 308. » 181 ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 22; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for eight indus- tries, or industry groups, for each of which manufac- tured products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include one with products exceeding $10,000,000, four with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and three with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among the industries included under the head of "all other in- dustries," are the following, which report products of considerable value: Agricultural implements; beet sugar; canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables; confectionery; foundry and machine-shop products; gas, illuminating and heating; manufactured ice; saddlery and harness; and tobacco manufactures. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Lumber and timber products is the only industry which ranks alike in all three respects. Flour-mill and gristmiU products, second in value of products, was fourth in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture, while cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies, third in value of products, ranked second in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk, fourth in value of products, was sixth in average number of wage earners and held the lowest rank in value added by manufacture. Printing and pubhshing, fifth in value of products, was third in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing, sixth in value of products, ranked fifth i©/{»J;^g^e( manuf ackire and seventh in average number of wage earners. Bread and bakery products and malt liquors ranked seventh and eighth, respectively, in value of products, fifth and eighth in average number of wage earners, but sixth and seventh in value added by manufacture. The three most important industries shown in the table, in respect to value of products, lumber and timber products, flour-mill and gristmill products, and cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies, retain the rank they held in 1909. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk, print- ing and pubhshing, and malt Uquors ranking fourth, fifth, and eighth in 1914, were fifth, fourth, and sixth, respectively, in 1909. Lumber and timber products. — ^This industry em- braces the operations of logging camps, sawmills, and planing mills. An increase is shown in the five-year period 1909-1914 of 15.5 per cent in the average number of wage earners and of $2,640,000, or 24.7 per cent, in value of products. The percentage of increase in value of products during the ten years from 1904 to 1914 was 324.2. Flour-mill and gristmiM products. — This industry, which excludes custom mills grinding for toU or local consumption, shows marked increases in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the increases for these items were 50.4 per cent, 36.9 per cent, and 47 per cent, respectively. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam^railroad companies. — -This industry represents the work done in the car shops of steam-railroad com- panies, excluding minor repairs in roundhouses, ms are practically confined to repairs on rolling stock and equipment, although some new con- '§^yl\/liWFD3&ft@>^ MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. 291 struction of rolling stock may be included. The industry shows an increase of 48.9 per cent in value of products for the five-year period ending in 1914 and 122.5 per cent for the decade. In 1914 employment was given to an average of 977 wage earners, or 11 per cent of. the total for the state, and the value of prod- ucts, $2,033,635, represents 7.1 per cent of .the corre- sponding total for aU industries. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^A marked in- crease for the period 1904-1909 is shown for this industry in average number of wage earners, value of products, and valife added by manufacture. For the period 1909-1914 the value of products shows an in- crease of 57.9 per cent and value added by manu- facture, 13.8 per cent, while the average number of wage earners decreased 25.4 per cent. This decrease is due in part to the increase in the use of machinery as shown by the amount of power reported. Table 22 shows an increase in primary horsepower from 260 in 1909 to 857 m 1914. Printing and puhlisMng. — ^A steady advance for each period from 1904 to 1914 is shown for this industry in number of establishments, average mmiber of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. Figures for 1909 include book- binding and blank-book making, but such establish- ments were excluded in 1914, in order to avoid dis- closures, and the data for the two censuses are, there- fore, not strictly comparable. Slaughtering and meai 'packing. — The highest per- centages of increase from 1909 to 1914 for the indus- tries covered by this table are shown for slaughtering and meat packing. The increase in value of products for the period was 84.4 per cent and in value added by manufacture, 229.6 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUH- TURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male, All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 10,529 9,909 10,220 9,646 309 263 97.1 97.3 2.9 2.7 Proprietors and officials 1,026 1,187 1,002 1, 163 24 24 97.7 98.0 2.3 2.0 Proprietors and firm members . . . Salaried officers of corporations . . Superintendents and managers . . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 664 831 83 108 279 248 684 502 8,919 8,220 644 811 80 104 278 248 490 418 8,728 8,065 20 20 3 \ 94 84 191 155 97.0 97.6 96.4 96.3 99.6 100.0 83.9 83.3 97.9 98.1 3.(^ 2.4 3.6 3.r 0.4 16.1 16.7 2.1 1.9- 8,865 8,190 54 30 8,681 8,035 47 30 184 155 7 97.9 98.1 87.0 100.0 2.1 1.9^ 13.9 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in nianu-^ factures was 10,529, of whom 8,919, or 84.7 per cent, were wage earners, 1,026 were proprietors and ofiicials, and 584 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners, 16 years of age and over, 8,681, or 97.9 per cent, were males, and 184, or 2.1 per cent, were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual indus- tries wiU be found in Table 23. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914, and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 AU classes:. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm member^ Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase," 1909-1914. Total. 6.3 -13.6 -20.1 -23.1 12.6 16.3 8.5 8.2 Male. 6.0 -13.8 -20.6 -23.1 12.1 17.2 8.0 Female. 17.5 23.2 18.7 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 9.7 6.3 0.8 2.7 84.7 S4.2 0.6 100.0 12.0 8.4 1.1 2.5 5.1 83.0 82.7 0.3 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 6.3 0.8 2.7 85.4 84.9 0.5 100.0 12.1 8.4 1.1 2.6 4.3 83.6 83.3 0.3 Female. 1914 190» 7.8 6.5 1.0 0.3 30.4 61.8 59.6 2.3 100. 9.1 7.6 1.5 31. ff" 58.9 58.9- ' \ minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows an increase during the five-year period 1909-1914 for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of .the number of pro- prietors and firm members and salaried officers of increase for both sexes combined, 16.3, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 84.2 per cent of the total number of persons engaged corporations, which decreased by ^^jSftJ^BI^ f3^ )\/^C!R9S^#®'™S mdustries in the state in 1914, and 23.1 per cent, respectively. The largest^ercentage of | 82.7 per cent m 1909 292 MANUFACTURES— ID AHO . In order to compare thfe distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earlier census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison ac- cording to occupational status. Tabic 5 All industries . Bread and other balnery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk . Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steara-raiJjoad companies^. ITlour-niill and gristmill products Ijquors, malt . .-. Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.i 8,919 8,220 3,061 104 83 977 849 188 125 44 74 6,019 5,212 487 468 81 39 931 1,252 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 97.3 97.7 95.8 81.7 79.5 100.0 97.7 98.6 82.3 85.3 100.0 97.4 Fe- male. 2.1 1.9 S.9 16.3 20.5 9.1 4.2 2.3 1.4 0.1 0.3 11.1 11.1 2.6 10.0 5.0 Un- der 16 years of 0.6 0.4 1.3 2.3 0.2 0.1 6.6 3.6 1.4 0.5 1 For method of estimating the distribution by sex and age periods of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of ternis. ' ' 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greater in 1909 than in 1904 or 1914, while the proportion of females and children imder 16 years of age decreased materially between 1904 and 1909 but increased some- what during the next five-year period. Of the eight industries for which separate figures are given in this table, three show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of males and three an increase in the proportion of females. Three industries, which did not report the employment of children in 1909 re- ported a small number in 1914, and only one, lumber and timber products, reported a decrease in the number of children employed. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15tb oi each month, or the nearest representative day, or 1914 and 1909, and the average number jjr played dufing each month in 1904. January February . . . March. ." April May June July August September. October November.. December.. RN-ERS i;{ MANUFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. Kunib2r.^ 1914 1,783 ■806 1909 6,915 6,145 6,414 6,033 7,577 7,270 8,738 8,279 9,853 8,664 10,583 8,929 10,368 8,939 10,069 8,696 10,091 8,690 9,831 9,525 8,971 8,507 1904 2,344 2,161 2,295 2,733 3,214 3,493 3,647 3,421 3,681 3,828 3,374 2,541 Per cent rf maximum. 1914 1909 65.3 60.6 71.6 82.6 93.1 100.0 98.0 95.1 95.4 92.9 83.0 73.8 64.5 63.3 76.3 88-. 9 91.0 93.7 93.8 91.3 91.2 100.0 94.2 89.3 1901 61.2 66.5 60.0 71.4 84.0 91.2 95.3 89.4 96.2 100.0 88.1 66.4 I The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the. average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 the summer months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners being reported for June and the minimum for February. The difference between the maximum and minimum number reported for 1914 was 4,169, or 39.4 per cent of the maximum. The year 1904 showed a correspond- ing percentage of 43.5; the year 1909, 36.7 per cent. Table 7 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total ntimber employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 7. INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies riour-mill and gristmill products Lumber and timber products Printing and pubhshing Total for cities BOISE POCATELLO WAGE earners: 19U. [The month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum employment by italic figures.] Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 8,919 104 977 188 ;,019 487 1,130 7ifl2 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 74 842 180 4,890 479 Febru- ary. e,m 99 « 826 177 4,089 488 March. 7,577 73 876 180 5,122 481 , £n Sip , 357, -.351 352,,, _36 April. 8,738 99 85 784 170 6,224 481 933 May. 9,853 100 97 766 166 7,316 i7S 9S1 June. 10,583 104 102 1S9 7,761 476 978 July. August, 10,368 110 107 973 166 7,468 477 1,148 10,069 109 99 1,055 182 6,978 490 1,212 343 869 Sep- tember. 10,091 109 93 1,162 207 6,790 1,318 364 954 •Octo- ber. 9,831 6,018 503 372 1,026 Novem- ber. 8,783 107 83 1,156 234 5,326 496 1,276 322 954 Decem- ber. 107 1,234 207 4,546 502 1,376 331 1,045 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 90.0 67.3 62.0 67.9 52.7 91.0 65. i 54.4 MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. 293 Of the selected industries, lumber and timber shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in February being but 52.7 per cent of the number in June. The greatest stabihty of employ- ment is shown for printing and pubhshing, for which industry the minimum number formed 94 per cent of the maximum. Of the two cities, Boise shows the greater stabihty of employment, the percentage that the number reported for the minimum month (January) formed of the number reported for the maximum month (October) beiag 86.3, while for Pocatello the cor- responding percentage was only 54.4, the number employed in December being nearly double that of May. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 8 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909 for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state have been classified according to number of hoiu-s of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A simi- lar classification is given, for 1914 only, for aU indus- tries combined iu each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establish- ment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or less number of horn's. Table 8 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week wcre-i- 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54. Be- tween 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 8,919 8,220 586 637 53 70 1,328 1,195 265 79 6,223 5,419 409 355 30 63 25 402 Bread and other bakery products 104 83 88 118 977 849 188 125 6,019 5,212 487 468 1,056 1,365 1,130 12 11 2 4 31 12 10 1 735 718 11 2 1 206 1 2 10 22 23 77 10 t 46 8 36 2 107 73 6,780 4,965 14 16 190 304 29 4 5 21 100 3 4 8 2 Butter, clieese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 5 129 65 26 110 69 2 18 2 6 35 31 351 309 186 276 208 5 26 32 38 16 6 79 111 68 102 394 251 823 Printing aTiH piiblishinfr 10 3 209 23 35 All other industries 17 31 7 21 Total for cities 397 18 348 782 190 18 88 737 10 20 9 35 7 18 The figures in this table show the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners in the state as a whole and for the selected industries, notice- ably in the class working more than 60 hours per week. In 1909, 820, or about 10 per cent of the total aver- age number of wage earners for aU industries com- bined, were employed in establishments where the prevaihng hours of labor were more than 60 per week, whereas 464, or about 5 per cent, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners whose working hours were 60 per week increased from 5,419, or 65.9 per cent of the total for the state, in 1909, to 6,223, or 69.8 per cent of the total, in 1914. During the five-year period there was an increase in the two classes, 54 hours and 54 to 60 hours per week, while the number of wage earners working imder 48 hours per week decreased. In 1914 in printing and pubhshing 72.1 per cent of the employees were reported by establishments with prevailing hours 48 and under; in cars and generalshpp construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies over three-fourths were reported by estabhshments where the prevaihng hours of employment were 54 per week. In lumber and timber miUs 96 per cent and in fiour-miUs and gristmUls 56.9 per cent were reported by estabhshments in which the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week. In the city of PocateUo 737, or 94.'2 per cent, of its wage earners were employed in estabhshments in which the prevaihng hours of labor were 54 per week; in Boise, 190, or 54.6 per cent, were in estabhshments in which the hours were 48 and under. location of establishments. — Table 9 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manufactures in Idaho were centralized in the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. In accepting the statistics in this table it miist be remembered that Pocatello, which had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, was included . ia the disteiets outside of the cities at prior censuses. ^94 MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. Table 9 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HATING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. DISTRICTS ODTSIDE OF CITIES HATING A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OTEE. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of agOTe- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 2 1 1 1 1 395,407 325,594 161,772 698 725 287 8,919 8,220 1,552 $28,453,797 22,399,860 3,001,442 13,561,703 12,479,843 1,662,574 40,904 17,358 10.3 5.3 11,267 17,358 2.8 5.3 29,637 7.5 354,503 308,236 161,772 622 675 287 7,789 7,809 1,652 $25,200,303 20,739,363 3,001,442 11,770,679 11,713,934 1,662,574 89.7 94 7 100.0 76 50 10.9 6.9 19 50 2.7 6.9 57 8.2 89.1 93 1 100.0 87.3 95 Q 1,130 411 12.7 5.0 782 411 8.8 5.0 348 3.9 100 $3,253,494 1,660,497 11.4 7.4 $1,876,167 1,660,497 6.6 7.4 $1,377,327 4.8 88 6 92 6 100 Value added by manufacture 1,791,024 765,909 13.2 6.1 1,012,486 765,909 7.5 6.1 778,538 5.7 86 8 93 9 100.0 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. The table shows that for 1914 the two cities, which represented 10.3 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 13.2 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 12.7 per cent of the total aver- age number of wage earners, 11.4 per cent of the total value of products, and 10.9 per cent of the total num- ber of estabhshments. Character of ownership. — Table 10 presents statistics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organi- zation, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; for individual cities, the fig- ures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individ- ual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several im- portant industries from this table. Table 10 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries.. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing . . Total for cities. Boise pocatello Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— Indi- vid- uals. 373 350 170 74 113 112 67 Cor- pora- 187 200 105 All oth- ers. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 8,919 8,220 3,061 977 188 125 6,019 5,212 487 468 1,130 348 782 In establishments owned by — Indi- vid- uals. 720 1,237 487 240 705 179 134 109 Is 16 Cor- pora- tions. 7,238 6,401 2,130 977 849 146 75 4,996 4,198 233 766 All oth- ers. 961 582 444 783 309 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 8.1 15.0 15.9 14.4 25.6 4.0 13.5 36.8 26.7 2,0 Cor- pora- 81.2 77.9 100.0 100.0 77.7 60.0 83.0 80.5 50.5 63.4 67,0 98.0 All oth- ers. 10.8 7.1 14.5 8.0 14.4 13.0 5.9 12.7 17.9 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Total. 528,453,797 22,399,860 8, 768, 743 $2,741,997 3,567,130 1,393,488 2,033,635 1,366,408 3,395,942 2,479,719 13,328,743 10,689,310 1,342,667 1,148,033 3,253,494 1,377,327 1, 876, 167 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. $22, 699, 885 16,982,034 6,136,137 438,224 483,402 455,814 1,314,217 493, 862 328, 580 374,312 288,519 85,793 Corpora- tions. $3,011,915 1,850,696 1,239,118 2,033,635 1,366,408 2,608,353 1,661,809 11,012,573 694,683 612,560 2,721,828 931,454 1,790,374 All others. 349,365 334,508 1,860,336 526, 215 154,122 206, 893 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 9.6 15.9 15.9 12.9 19.5 3.4 12.3 36.1 11.5 20.9 4.6 Cor- pora- 79.8 75.8 70.0 100.0 100.0 76.8 67.0 82. ( 51.7 53.4 83.7 67.6 95.4 All oth- ers. 10.6 8.3 14.1 10.3 13.6 14.0 4.9 11.6 18.0 4.8 111 This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase for each five-year period in the number of establishments under individual ownership and in- creases from 1904 to 1909 but decreases from 1909 to 1914 for those under other forms of ownership. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments — over one- half of the total in 1914 — is shown for those under individual ownership; but in value of products and average number of wage earners, coi predominate over aU other classes of ownership. In 1914, although only 26.8 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 79.8 per cent of the total value of products and 81.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions were shghtly greater in hiunber of establishments and shghtly less in each >two items. For both 1914 and 1909 cars MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. 295 and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies were operated by corporations -exclusively, and the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the three remaining in- dustries, for which separate statistics are given,* is shown for establishments under this class of ownership. In 1914 the two cities show the majority of estab- lisliments under individual ownership, but the largest proportion of wage earners and the total value of products is reported by corporations. Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 11. For 1914, 64 establishments, or 7.7 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 36, or 5 per cent, in 1909, and 15, or 4.1 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported an average of 6,859 wage earners, or 77 per cent of the total for the state, 74.5 per cent of the total value of products, and 72.6 per cent of the Jtotal value added by manufac- ture. The small establishments — those having prod- ucts less than $5,000 in value — although representing 42.8 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 2.7 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts and 3.9 per cent of the value added by manufac- tiure. For the establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase at each successive census from 41.8 per cent in 1904 to 58.1 per cent in 1909, and to 74.5 per cent in 1914. Table 11 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF 'WAGE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 698 725 364 8,919 8,220 3,061 $28,463,797 $22,399,860 $8,768,743 $13,561,703 $12,479,843 $4,700,220 T^fSf! tli!\Ti ts,floo 299 252 93 51 3 279 281 129 34 2 146 129 74 15 276 828 956 4,143 2,716 354 1,184 1,751 ■4,931 182 646 1,043 1,290 777,615 2,426,365 4,061,116 16,282,784 6,906,917 743,265 2,854,751 5,785,475 '13,016,369 365,075 1,264,213 3,470,002 3,669,463 526,846 1, 437, 659 1,767,604 6, 601, 525 3,238,169 523,258 1,766,615 2,771,134 '7,428,836 262,544 $5,000 to $20,000 739, 608 $20,000 to $100,000 1,766,756 $100,000 to $1,000,000 1,941,412 $1,000,000 and over - PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 TjiTO than $K OnO 42.8 36.1 13.3 7.3 0.4 38.5 38.8 17.8 4.7 0.3 40.1 35.4 20.3 4.1 3.1 9.3 10.7 46.6 30.5 4.3 14.4 21.3 60.0 6.9 17.8 34.1 42.1 2.7 8.5 14.3 63.7 20.8 3.3 12.7 25.8 58.1 4.2 14.4 39.6 41.8 3.9 10.6 13.0 48.7 23.9 4.2 14.1 22.2 59.5 5.4 $5,000 to $2»,'000. . . ; 15.7 $20,000 to $100,000 37.6 $100,000 to $1,000,000 41.3 ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' Table 12 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for three of the more important industries, a classification of estab- lishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 11 for all industries combined. TBble 12 number of establish- ments. AVERAGE NUMBEE WAGE EARNERS OF VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDCSTRT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Flour-mill and gristmill PRODUCTS 71 57 100.0 100.0 188 125 100.0 100.0 $3,395,942 $2,479,719 100.0 100.0 $668,910 $455,121 100.0 100.0 TAiK thaTi fa noo 13 22 26 10 159 5 19 28 5 256 18.3 31.0 36.6 14.1 100.0 8.8 33.3 49.1 8.8 100.0 8 16 65 99 6,019 1 27 72 26 5,212 4.3 8.5 34.6 62.7 100.0 0.8 21.6 57.6 20.0 100.0 34,933 236,006 1,106,694 2,019,409 13,328,743 20,714 265,655 1,484,886 718,464 10,689,310 1.0 6.9 32.6 59.5 100.0 0.8 10.3 59.9 29.0 100.0 10,380 60,625 254,636 343,269 7,226,376 4,687 63,097 283,255 104,082 7,344,532 1.6 9.1 38.1 51.3 100.0 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 13.9 $20,000 to $100,000 62.2 $inn,nnnAnii nvp.r 22.9 Lumber and timber products . 100.0 Less than $5,000 74 45 18 22 173 106 87 46 17 132 46.6 28.3 11.3 13.8 100.0 41.4 34.0 18.0 6.6 100.0 98 287 430 5,204 487 188 609 1,026 3,489 468 1.6 4.8 7.1 86.6 100.0 3.6 9.8 19.7 66.9 100.0 180,374 459,055 840,304 11,849,010 1,342,667 277,081 838,551 2,051,227 7,522,451 1,148,033 1.4 3.4 6.3 88.9 100.0 2.6 7.8 19.2 70.4 100.0 134,272 362,081 561,032 6,178,991 1,036,597 214,799 688,597 1,378,125 6,163,011 905,129 1.9 4.9 7.8 85.6 100.0 2.9 $6,000 to $20,000 8.0 $20,000 to $100,000 18.8 $100,000 and over' 70.3 Printinq and publishing. . . 100.0 Less than $5 000 102 63 8 73 60 9 59.0 36.4 4.6 55.3 37.9 6.8 99 199 1S9 79 217 172 20.3 40.9 38.8 16.9 46.4 36.8 261,273 532,269 549,135 199,412 499,726 448,895 19.5 39.6 40.9 17.4 43.5 39.1 212,633 426; 466 397,498 154, 282 394,280 356,567 20.6 41.1 38.3 17 $5,000 to $20,000. 43.6 $20,000 and over^ 39 4 'Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ^Includes the group "$100,000 to 81,000,000." The industries selected for presentation in this table industries combined. . Lumber and timber mills re- reflect the same tendency toward concentration into ported 88.9 per cent of the total value of products large establishments as that shown ^^^/^f^^9^//W*W^p)fW^ l>y establishments whose products ex- 296 MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. ceeded $100,000, and the output of such estabUsh- inents represented 59.5 per cent of the total value of products of fiour-miUs and gristmills. These establish- ments reported greater proportions of the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for 1914 than for 1909. Table 13 presents, for 1914, for aU industries com- bined in each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 11 for the sta.te as a whole. In Pocatello the same tendency toward concentra- tion prevails. The group $20,000 and over represents 97.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, 95.1 per cent of the value of products, and 95.3 per cent of the value added by manufacture, but only 26.3 per cent in number of establishments. In Boise the group under $20,000 repfesented 71.9 per cent of the number of establishments; while the group "$20,000 and over," with 28.1 per cent of the number of establishments, represented 74.7 per cent of the average number of wage earners, 80.3 per cent of the value of products, and 79.5 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Table 13 • CITY AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. i r ■WAGE EAEKEKS. VALUE OF FHOD- UCTS. VALUE ADPFI) BY MANUFAC- TUKE. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent ol total. 57. 348 100.0 $1,377,327 100.0 $778,538 100.0 Less than $5,000 18 23 12 4 19 14 74 149 111 782 4.0 21.3 42.8 31.9 100.0 45,598 225,990 591,039 614,700 1,876,167 3.3 16.4 42.9 37.4 100.0 27,859 131,466 ■313,807 305,406 1,012,486 3.6 16.9 40.3 39.2 100.0 $5,000 to 820,000 820,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Less than $5,000 7 7 5 4 17 761 0.5 2.2 97.3 2.5,389 67,204 1,783,574 1.4 3.6 95.1 12,903 35,058 964,525 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 95.3 Table 14 shows the size of establishments in 1914, as measured by the average number of wage earners employed, for aU industries combined, for six of the more important industries, and for the two cities hav- ing more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 14 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 ■wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage eaniers. 261 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Wage earn- ers (aver- age num- ber). m fi Id 2 "S2 1 a la r S3 si So ■° s +j B H Ji 0) . |i $ 698 8,919 108 460 926 85 936 19 612 9 643 10 1,493 3 890 3 1,974 1 1,445 ■Rrpari HTifl nth^r bal^pry pro'iuct.'= 65 28 7 71 159 173 195 76 104 88 977 188 6,019 487 1,066 1,130 15 3 '"6 8 34 42 11 48 22 2 59 91 125 113 45 92 62 9 105 192 252 223 167 2 3 1 6 31 10 32 16 12 36 7 82 319 95 385 165 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies 25 1 72 1 134 * 730 Flour-mill and gristmill products 10 4 3 318 140 129 68 4 252 9 1,369 3 890 1,244 1 1,445 Printing and publishing All other industries 4 319 730 Boise 57 19 348 782 6 5 34 11 138 29 14 2 142 23 3 68 730 Table 15 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 14 and, for 1909, similar percent- ages for aU industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Considering the total for aU industries, there were 108 estabhshments in operation during 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. These are small estabhshments in which ,the work is done by the pro- prietors or firm members. In some cases they employ a few wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the average n'umber, as described in "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the estab- hshment. Of the 698 estabhshments reported for all indus- tries, 545, or 78.1 per cent, employed on the average less than 20 wage earners during the year. On the other hand, while these small estabhshments predomi- nate in number, they gave employment to only 1,862 wage earners, or 20.9 per cent of the total for all estabhshments. There were only 17 estabhshments in the state that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earners each, but these estabhshments gave employment to 5,802, or 65.1 per cent of the total aver- age number of wage earners reported for all estabhsh- ments. These large estabhshments are shown only for the manufacture of lumber and for railroad repair shops. In Boise 80.5 per cent of the wage earners were in estabhshments employing less than 20 wage earners each, while in Pocatello 93.4 per cent were in the one establishment (raHroad repair shop) employing over 500 wage earners. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. 297 Table 15 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEK CENT or TOTAL AVEKAGE NTJMBEB OF WAGE EAKNEES IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1000 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 4.2 9.5 101 to 250 251 to 500 14.8 18.3 501 to 1,000 Over 1000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 10.4 13.4 10.5 15.9 6.9 11.3 7.2 10.4 16.7 8.0 10.0 11.6 22.1 29.4 16.2 Lumber and timber products. . . Printing and publishing 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 3.2 7.6 51.7 45.9 21.1 20.2 14.8 5.3 12.2 19.5 29.5 36.5 36.0 14.6 6.3 12.8 28.7 12.2 12.2 15.2 6.0 22.6 7.0 20.7 32.6 24 0' Bread and other takery prod- 88.5 80.7 59.1 24.6 0.9 0.6 56.4 89.6 11.5 -19.3 40.9 7.6 0.7 12.4 30.2 7.0 Butter, cheese, and condensed mlUc. 2.6 67.8 7.4 14.8 13.7 74.7 84.6 21.6 Cars and general shop construe- 64.6 road companies. 43.6 10.4 Boise 39.7 3.7 40.8 2.9 19 5 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- POCATELLO 93.4 Engines and power. — Table 16 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and total horsepower ot engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). The table also shows sepa- rately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by the establishments reporting. Table 16 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. 1901 HORSEPOWER. 1904 Per cent distribution. 19U 1909 1904 Primary power, total,. 1,314 937 Owned Steam engines and turbiues Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors.. Kented Electric, other.... 440 353 55 32 874 874 640 437 53 50 397 397 268 212 27 Electric Rented - — Generated by establishments reportiji : 1,069 874 195 397 211 0) 60,326 42, 804 16,987 100.0 100.0 100.0 40,369 38,264 431 1,674 9,957 9,928 38, 178 35, 529 242 2,407 4,626 4,606 16,350 15, 145 127 1,078 637 537 100 80.2 76.0 0.9 3.3 19.8 19.7 0.1 89.2 83.0 0.6 5.6 10.8 10.8 (') 96.3 89.2 0.7 6.3 3.2 0.6 16, 120 9,928 6,192 8,409 4,608 3,803 1,702 637 1,165 100.0 61.6 38.4 100.0 54.8 45.2 100.0 31.6 68.4 1 Not reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 7,522, or 17.6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, more than half of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use- of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 3,7 per cent of the total primary power reported. The increase in the use of electric motors run by cm-rent generated within the same establishments, although considerable, has not kept pace with that in rented power. The power of motors^ operated by current generated in the same establishments represented -68.4 per cent of the total electric power in 1904, but only 38.4 per cent in 1914. In spite of the general increase in rented power, owned power increased 146.9 per cent during the decade 1904- 1914 but only 5.7 per cent during the last five-year period. This was due in part to the fact that some of the large factories have installed electricity as emer- gency power, while others are using electric power and hold their steam engines in readiness for emergency. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. DlQitized by 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 17 gives, for 1914, the quantity of each Mnd of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for selected industries in the: state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each of the two cities. Table 17 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries. Bread and other bakery products Brick Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Flo ur-mill and gristmill products Gas, illuminating and heating Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Total for cities . Boise . pocatello . Microsoft® An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 175 2S Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 88,222 1,141 1,149 2,903 23,084 635 7,558 1,825 799 762 702 47,664 26,480 4, 981 21, 499 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 2,482 176 3 '2i2' 40 i'osi' 216 146 70 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 2,273 107 129 1,849 2,256 197 1,719 "'340 1,282 1,096 298 MANUFACTURES— ID AHO . SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for three important in- dustries in Idaho are here presented, and also statistics for power laundries. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — The quantity and value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904 are given in Table 18. Table 18 1914 1909 1904 Total value $1,395,719 $884,066 $171, 844 Butter: 2,813,761 $812,023 666,643 $181,128 2,147,118 $630,895 750,810 $107,732 858,541 $78,972 $396,992 2,357,386 $750,820 434,063 $123,352 1,923,323 $627,468 671,783 Value $155, 666 Packed solid- Pounds 36,222 Value $7,569 Prints or rolls — 635,561 Value $147,997 Cheese: Value. 417,800 $49,934 $83,312 (1) Cream sold: 14,904 Value $1,804 All other products, value $14,474 1 Included in "all other products" to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The total value of products for 1914 shows an in- crease over that of 1904 of $1,223,875, a gain of 712.2 per cent. Butter, which formed 58.2 per cent of the total value of products in 1914 and 90.5 per cent in 1904, increased 422 per cent in value during the decade. The quantity manufactured increased from 671,783 pounds in 1904 to 2,813,761 pounds in 1914, or 318.8 per cent. The value of butter, $812,023, as shown in this table, differs from that shown in Table 23, because other products of the butter factories, to the value of $185,436, are included in the value of products of the industry in the latter tables. Butter packed soHd shows an increase of 630,421 pounds during the decad^, and that put up in prints or roUs an increase of 1,511,557. In the manufacture of cheese there was an increase, but comparative figures can not be shown without disclosure of individ- ual operations. A considerable amount of condensed milk was reported for the census of 1914, but neither the quantity nor the value can be shown separately, as to do so would disclose the operations of individual estabhshments ; the value of this product is, therefore, included with " aU other products " in the table. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 19 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for the last three census years. Wheat flour is the most important product of this industry in Idaho, and shows substantial gains during the two census periods in quantity and value. In 1914 the value of wheat flour and bran and middUngs together- constituted 81.6 per cent of the total value of products, the proportion for wheat flour alone being 66.6 per cent. The production increased, during the period 1909-1914, 48.2 per cent in quantity and 24.3 per cent in value. Feed and offal constitute the next most important product, representing 17.2 per cent of the total value of products in 1914. Table 19 1914 1909 1904 $3,395,942 $2,479,719 $1,584,473 Wheat flour: 571,965 $2,261,403 754,416 $8,450 5,048 $18,809 127,1^5 $3,390 25,789 $509,407 21,879 $585,001 $9,482 386,022 $1,819,581 40,000 $600 180 11,016 213,340 $5;924 27,673 $644,133 $8,465 309,476 $1,225,672 Value. Barley meal: Value Com meal and com flour: 800 Value $2,400 Hominy and grits: Value - ... Bran.and middlings: Value Feed and offal: Tons.' . $355,124 Value $1,277 Barley meal and corn meal and corn flour showed remarkable gains during the later five-year period, but they constituted a very small proportion of the value of products. The equipment reported for 1914 consisted of 280 stands of roUs, two runs of stone, and 41 attrition mills. . Two establishments manufactured sacks, to be used as containers. Printing and publishing,— Table 20 gives the number of publications and the aggregate circulation per issue for aU newspapers and periodicals published in Idaho during 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table ZO NUMBEK OF PUBLI- CATIONS. AGGREGATE CXRCtlLATION PEE ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904: Total 167 130 95 202,721 140,781 86,965 Daily 12 8 18 134 5 13 3 16 108 6 3 110 2 76 41,474 34, 566 9,730 102,226 14,725 28,598 13,864 7,185 91,134 13,675 Sunday 7,675 11,859 Weekly 53; 765 1 Includes one triweekly publication. 2 Includes one monthly and one semimonthly publication. From 1909 to 1914 there was an increase in the total number of pubhcations and aggregate circula- tion. This period shows an increase in each class of pubhcations, except the daibes, the Sunday issues more than doubling, and the weekhes increasing nearly 25 per cent, while the increase in total number of pubhcations was 28.5 per cent. A large increase is shown in the aggregate circula- tion, 61.9 per cent, from 1904 to 1909, and 44 per cent from 1909 to 1914. For the period 1909 to 1914 a large increase is shown in the circulation of the foUow- Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— IDAHO. 299 ing publications: Sunday papers, 149.3 per cent, dailies 45 per cent, and semiweeklies (which included one triweekly publication at each census) 35.4 per cent. Of the daily publications, six were morning news- papers, with a circulation of 23,531, "All other classes" comprised five monthly publications in 1914, but only one monthly and one semimonthly in 1904. AH publications were printed in English. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not mcluded in the general tables or in the total for manufacturing industries. Table 21, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Idaho for 1914 and 1909. The table shows increases for all items given, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amounting to 50.4 per cent and 23.8 per cent, respectively. EstabMshments owned by indi- viduals reported 51.3 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 31.3 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 17.4 per cent. Table 21 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Samries and wages Salaries - Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDEIES. Number or amount. 1914 36 510 42 26 442 1,033 It486, 600 274, 938 28,844 246,094 3,400. 12,734 140,686 592,749 1909 24 410 31 22 367 489 J252,110 201,836 22,621 179,215 1,200 7,160 94, 879 394,226 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 24.4 23.8 111.2 93.0 36.2 27.5 37.3 183.3 77.8 48.2 50.4 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. GENERAL TABLES. Table 22 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state; and for Boise, similar data for all industries combined for 1914 and 1909. Table 23 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown without the disclosure of . operations of individual establish- ments, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 22.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTEY AND CTTT. Cen- sus year. Num* berof estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages, Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thoiisand.s. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries- Bread and other bakery products. Brick. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. • Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Confectionery riour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Gas, illuminating and heating. Ice, manufactured Ifll4 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 725 364 6 71 57 28 10 14- 6 4 3 10 i 8,919 8,220 3,061 104 83 33 73 286 72 88 118 13 977 849 713 188 125 84 78 74 58 44 35 42 19 50,326 42,804 16,987 763 1,050 147 857 260 120 3,901 755 966 32 6 3,914 3,595 1,963 221 203 145 224 27 822 355 $7,491 6,498 2,059 $14,892 9,920 4,069 44 179 45 76 77 10 988 672 539 20 12 155 91 67 71 71 44 32 27 38 14 216 22 109 27 1,165 681 136 880 659 326 93 56 2,727 2,025 1,315 65 S28,454 22,400 8,769 547 394 149 95 444 113 1,396 884 172 2,034 1,366 914 177 103 3,396 2,480 1,584 234 228 115 171 113 112 65 Liquors, malt.. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters. Printing and publishing . Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco, cigars All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5 11 14 > 159 256 107 20 12 6 173 = 132 91 27 ' 20 44 74 61 6,019 5,212 1,449 30 49 22 14 11 487 468 258 19 26 81 39 10 27 80 42 548 645 257 398 986 319 34,936 32,342 10,013 120 169 42 22 11 539 388 140 20 5 227 115 22 3,219 2,501 3,142 $52 65 64 4,911 3,382 876 39 40 12 12 371 373 178 19 47 30 486 323 174 $123 234 74 6,102 3,345 906 29 54 33 19 10 243 107 114 151 714 451 120 57 64 43 2,104 1,460 877 $375 698 303 13,329 10,689 3,142 91 123 81 71 30 1,343 1,148 549 200 234 981 .532 159 128 171 104 3,764 2,657 1,435 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Boise 1914 1909 348 411 1,053 672 285 308 599 895 1,377 1,660 I Includes "lumber, planing-mlU products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." 2 Includes "bookbmaiDSf the industries shown in the preceding table or in Table 44, it should be noted ^hat the figures for several of the industries listed fall short of being a complete presentation of the industry. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons en- gaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explana- tion of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUH- ING INDUSTKIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1908 617,927 561,044 510,833 466,139 107,094 96,905 82.7 82.9 17.3 17.1 35,005 33,611 33,768 32, 567 1,237 1,044 96.6 96.9 3.1 Proprietors and Ann members - . Salaried oiiicers of corporations.. Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners faverage number) 15,854 17,357 7,980 6,764 11,171 9,490 75,979 61,669 506,943 465,764 15,180 16,725 7,714 6,548 10,874 9,294 66,000 48,390 421,065 386, 182 674 632 286 218 297 196 19,979 15,279 86,878 79,682 95.7 96.4 96.7 96.8 97.3 97.9 73.7 75.2 83.1 82.9 4.3 3.6 3.3 3.2 ' 2.7 2.1 26.3 24.8 16.9 17.1 601,251 458,847 6,692 6,917 418,363 382,691 2,702 3,491 82,888 76,166 2,990 3,426 83.6 83.4 47.5 50.5 Under 16 years of age . 16.6 52 5 49,6 Not only do males largely predominate in all classes for which separate statistics are given in the above table, but during the five-year period there was an increase in the per cent they formed of the total num- ber of wage earners. There was a slight decrease in the proportion which males formed of the total num- ber of proprietors and officials and of dlerks and other salaried employees in 1914, as compared with 1909. The largest number of females, 85,878, were em- ployed as wage earners, but they formed only 16.9 per cent of the total number of wage earners. The largest proportion of females, 26.3 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Corresponding figures for individual industries wiU be found in Table 44. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at ses. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 309 Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTXTKING INDUSTRrES. Per cent of increase,i 1909-1914. Per cent distribution Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 190^ All classes 10.1 10.3 9.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprifltors fiiTid nffif^ij^ls ..,...,. , , 4.1 -8.7 18.0 17.7 23.2 8.8 8.7 16.6 3.7 -9.2 17.8 17.0 20.7 9.7 9.3 45.6 18.5 6.6 23.1 51.5 30.8 4.9 6.7 -12.9 5.7 2.6 1.3 1.8 12.3 82.0 80.7 1.3 6.0 3.1 1.2 1.7 11.0 83.0 81.8 1.2 6.6 3.0 1.5 2.1 10.9 82.5 81.5 1.0 7.0 3.6 1.4 2.0 10.0 83.0 82.3 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 19.1 79.7 76.9 2.8 1.1 0.7 Samried officers of corporations.. 0.2 0.2 nierlfS pTifl nthp.r piihnrrti-nn.tfi RHlflT'Pi'l ompjnypps 15.9 83.0 IP ypars nf agft n.nd nvpir 79.4 Under 16 years of age 3.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and firm members, shows an increase from 1909 to 1914. The largest percentage of iacrease for both sexes combiaed, 23.2, is shown for clerks and other subordiaate salaried employees, but the proportion which this class formed of the total number of wage earners was only 12.3 per cent ia 1914 and. 11 per cent ia 1909. Although the number of wage earners 16 years of age and over increased sub- stantially, the proportion which this class formed of aU persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state decreased slightly — ^from 81.8 per cent ia 1909 to 80.7 per cent in 1914. The decrease ia the number of proprietors and firm members is due in part to the discontinuance of numerous small brickyards and to the decrease ia the number of lumber mills. A majority of these small nulls, which went out of busi- ness between censuses, were operated by iadividuals or firms. Changes in character of ownership, as shown by Table 18, also account in part for the decrease ia proprietors and firm members. A considerable num- ber of estabhshments operated by iadividuals or firms in 1909 were subsequently iacorporated, and their owners were reported ia 1914 as salaried ofiicers of corporations and superintendents and managers. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures ia 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earher census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison accordiag to occupational status. Table 5 PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUBING INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent dis- tribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 617,927 561,044 447,947 100.0 lOO.O 100.0 10.1 25.2 Proprietors and firm mem- 15,854 95,130 506,943 17,357 77,923 465,764 13,990 54,521 379,436 2.6 15.4 82.0 3.1 13.9 83.0 3.1 12.2 84.-7 -8.7 22.1 8.8 24.1 Salaried employees .... — Wage earners (average) 42.9 22.8 'A minus sign (— ) denotes decn 'Btgitized by During the decade 1904 to 1914 salaried employees iacreased 74.5 per cent and the proportion which this class formed of the total persons ia the state engaged ia manufactures advanced from 12.2 per cent to 15.4 per cent. Proprietors and firm members and wage earners iacreased at the rate of 13.3 per cent and 33.6 per cent, respectively, during the same period, but each of these two classes formed a decreasiag propor- tion of the total from census to census. The decrease of 8.7 per cent from 1909 to 1914 ia the number of proprietors and firm members is explaiaed ia Table 4. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age, are given ia Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows for some of the important industries separately, a similar distri- bution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. There was little change from 1904 to 1914 in the pro- portion which men, women, and children formed, re- spectively, of the total wage earners reported for all industries combined. The slight relative increase in females 16 years of age and over was accompanied by corresponding decreases in males of the same age and of children under 16 years of age. Of the 43 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 26 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of males 16 years of age and over; 18 an increase in the proportion of females 16 years of age and over; and 8 an iacrease in the propor- tion of children under 16 years of age. The increase in the proportion of children, however, is very small, in no industry amountiag to more than 1 per cent. The iadustries in which women greatly predominate are the manufacture of fancy and paper boxes; men's and women's clothing; confectionery; corsets; men's furnishing goods; hosiery and knit goods; and milli- nery. The largest proportion, 9.9 per cent, of wage earners under 16 years of age is shown for the fancy and paper box industry, while the largest actual num- ber (600) was employed in the manufacture of men's l\)^i^ff^mft® 310 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 6 All industries. . Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts . Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other bakery products.. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Calming and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials . Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies. ■Clocks and watches, including cases and materials. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Conleotionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Corsets Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Plour-mill and gristmill products — IJ'oundry and machine-shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refrigerators, Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAOE EAKNERS. Average num- ber.! 506,943 465, 764 379, 436 19, 556 19, 240 2,545 2,382 6,397 5,792 4,586 4,085 10,404 8,611 8,610 9,731 2,560 2,383 4,861 5,852 28,682 23, 131 18,000 10,945 5,688 5,665 35, 119 36, 152 8,113 6,151 5,009 3,799 7,445 7,473 2,460 1,799 1,974 1,502 16,483 9,641 2,398 2,464 55,261 62, 266 2,775 2,688 13, 766 13, 573 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 82.5 82.2 82 8 98.9 98.7 60.3 61.2 42.4 34.2 75.4 79.4 61.4 48.6 99.9 99.7 99.6 63.9 65.0 46.0 47.0 30.9 31.1 39.2 34.4 81.9 86.3 67.9 44.2 9.5 7.0 78.8 75.3 99.3 99.3 96.7 97.2 12.6 12.4 Fe- male. 16.4 16.3 16.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 37.3 33.0 47.7 65.7 23.5 19.3 0.3 0.4 37.1 48.0 1.5 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 44.7 44.4 52.3 60.3 67.6 67.4 53.4 68.9 17.3 13.0 32.0 62.8 86.3 84.4 20.9 24.3 0.5 0.6 2.8 2.4 83.1 84.2 2.1 2.3 Un- der 16 years of 1.1 1.5 1.3 • 0.1 0.1 2.5 6.8 9.9 10.0 1.1 1.3 0.3 0.6 1.4 3.4 m 0.2 m 1.6 0.6 1.7 2.8 1.5 1.5 7.4 6.7 0. S 1.7 m 3.0 4.3 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 4.4 3.4 1.0 1.3 Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors. ^ Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished — Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Musical instnunents, pianos and organs and materials. Paints and varnishes Printing and publishing Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, zinc Soap Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. . Tobacco manufactures Wire All other Industries Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.' 2,078 2,090 3,890 6,301 3,764 3,507 3,535 2,913 15,408 17,684 2,326 2,949 2,678 3,001 5,749 4,398 14,870 16,667 1,975 2,226 3,323 3,328 8,534 8,777 2,110 1,792 32,838 28,644 2,176 1,290 31,627 26,705 3,673 1,922 2,144 2,188 3,917 4,499 7,653 8,034 2, 763 2,616 87,521 79, 206 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 82.7 78.2 100.0 100.0 95. S 90.7 31.2 29.9 99.9 99.8 85.7 86.6 99.3 98.9 98.0 97.9 98.0 25.0 18.8 90.8 91.0 89.0 74.7 74.1 76.1 99.3 99.3 70.8 98.7 99.2 83.3 8f.9 Fe- male. 14,7 19.6 4.0 4.6 66.5 63.3 0.1 0.1 13.2 12.3 0.6 0.2 0.8 1.4 1.5 0.8 0.4 m 72.9 76.4 8.0 65 10.0 10.3 22.4 23.3 21.7 26.0 10.0 11.0 0.1 25.4 24.9 0.3 30.0 0.8 1.4 15.4 16.4 Un- der 16 yeare of 2.6 2.2 0.2 4.7 2.3 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.2 2.2 6.8 1.2 3.5 0.1 0.8 2.8 2.6 4.2 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.7 3.9 5.4 1.0 0.8 2.4 2.0 1.3 1.7 1 For method of estimating the distribution, of the average number, by sex and age periods, for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." 2 L«ss than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in. each of the 35 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Statistics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosing the operations of individual estab- lishments. Table 8 gives the percentages of increase from cen- sus to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. While the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of f5^/fecfe"Sf^fey 16 years of age and over in every city, the per cent that males form of the total number of wage earners decreased in 15 of the cities during the period 1909 to 1914. The only cities in which the proportion of adult males fell below 75 per cent were Centralia, Elgin, and Kankakee. Of these, Elgin is the only one in which a considerable number of females were em- ployed, and the 2,180 women reported for 1914 were employed principally m the manufacture of watches and ia the printiag and pubhshing industry. Most of the cities show decreases from census to census in both the number and proportions of wage earners Mdrol^O^N^ of age. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 311 In Chicago, by far the most important city in the state in the number of wage earners employed, males 16 years of age and over formed 78.7 per cent of the total number of wage earners reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909. During this period there was a sHght increase in the percentage of adult females and a decrease in that of children employed as wage earners. 'Table 7 AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. aiY.i Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Alton ■ 2,662 4,777 2,450 2, .384 1,522 920 237 382 313, 710 4,288 2,109 4,003 5,863 5,529 924 2,566 1,362 5,090 932 4,999 1,430 2,837 1,214 239 735 5,053 268 634 6,285 3,067 1,837 10,472 4,157 1,763 2,276 2,429 5,095 1,872 2,077 1,237 1,262 3,069 4,078 1,765 2,275 1,435 2,527 3,623 1,997 2,149 1,479 804 154 331 246,979 4,104 1,929 3,349 5,750 3,277 899 2,372 1,212 4,859 739 4,443 989 2,462 1,179 220 697 4,854 253 698 5,182 2,523 1,690 8,654 3,312 1,626 2,098 2,247 4,081 1,662 1,767 1,202 1,143 2,866 8,162 1,618 1,921 1,415 122 1,058 387 220 42 116 82 50 62,412 171 160 484 95 2,180 24 173 147 226 177 552 389 348 8 17 38 170 15 35 972 493 141 1,767 813 122 169 124 943 139 266 32 HI 120 797 69 345 18 13 96 66 15 1 58 71 71 44 3 8 83 119 78 9 2 94.9 75. 8 81.5 90.1 97.2 87.4 65.0 86.6 78.7 95.7 91.5 83.7 98.1 59.3 97.3 92.4 89.0 95.5 79.3 88.9 69.2 92.6 80.1 88.8 85.1 97.2 90.6 93.4 77.5 91.7 84.4 98.6 4.6 22.1 15.8 9.2 2.8 12.6 34.6 13.1 19.9 4.0 7.6 12.1 1.6 39.4 2.6 6.7 10.8 4.4 19.0 11.0 27.2 5.1 18.5 7.4 12.8 2.6 8.8 3.9 19.5 3.9 15.2 1.3 0.5 2.0 2.7 0.6 0.1 2.4 1.4 3.8 2.1 0.2 0.0 2.7 2.9 Belleville 4 4 Bloomington 0.4 1 ■Canton Centralia 1 1 4,319 13 20 170 18 72 1 21 3 5 16 4 52 27 27 2 0.4 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.9 4.2 0.3 1.3 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 1.7 0.1 3.6 Claampaign 273 293,977 3,953 1,744 2,699 2 5,226 2 6,067 837 2,853 1,4C5 289 241,984 1,884 2,340 4,505 4,884 738 1,516 1,447 253 231,461 3,830 1,605 2,213 2 5,006 a 3, 618 754 2,585 1,286 275 191,844 1,769 2,057 4,268 2,865 721 1,438 1,234 14 57,f45 95 127 402 2 1S6 22,353 82 245 186 12 46,987 101 234 143 1,934 15 75 20O 6 4,971 28 12 84 2 64 2 96 1 23 13 2 3,153 14 49 104 86 2 3 13 92.7 78.7 96.9 92.0 82.0 95.8 59.6 90.1 90.6 86.4 95.2 79.3 93.9 87.9 94.5 58.6 97.7 94.9 85.3 5.1 19.6 2.4 7.3 14.9 3.0 38.8 9.8 8.6 12.7 4.2 19.4 5.4 10.0 3.2 39.6 2.0 4.9 13.8 2.2 1.7 0.7 0.7 3.1 1.2 1.6 0.1 0.8 0.9 7 Chicago 1 3 Chicago Heights 0.7 2 1 Decatur East St. Louis Elein 2.3 1 8 0.2 9 •Oalesburg •Granite City Jacksonville 947 6,383 1,349 899 5,792 1,038 700 5,834 938 685 5,507 935 234 623 348 208 273 91 13 26 63 6 12 12 7.3.9 91.4 69.5 76.2 95.1 90.1 24.7 8.2 25.8 23.1 4.7 8.8 1.4 0.4 4.7 7 Joliet 2 KankafeBe 1.2 Kewanee La Salle 2 936 220 948 2 5,387 282 1,197 236 1,022 3,987 2 909 204 916 2-5,170 276 1,146 224 966 3,901 9 15 32 2 175 6 30 11 54 71 18 1 21 1 2 15 97.1 92.1 94.8 96.1 97.1 92.7 96.6 96.0 97.9 95.7 94.9 94.5 97.8 0.7 7.1 5.2 3.4 5.6 1.0 6.8 3.4 3.2 2.1 2.5 4.7 5.3 1.8 2.2 0.8 1.9 0.5 1.8 0.4 0.2 JMattoon Tloline 29 2 42 0.6 0.8 0.4 Oak Park Pekin 1 131 51 6 51 32 15 9 5,981 2 3,997 1,754 9,309 3,652 1,275 2 2,956 .5,834 4,602 1,703 7,239 3,071 1,544 2,265 5,213 2 3,223 1,596 7,615 2,920 1,109 2 2,741 5,274 3,807 1,605 5,863 2,517 1,417 2,169 722 2 714 112 1,499 688 108 2 196 492 712 89 1,244 533 17 86 46 60 46 195 44 58 19 68 83 9 132 21 110 10 82. 5 82.3 92.0 82.6 79.7 92.2 92.2 87.2 80.6 91.0 81.8 80.0 87.0 92.7 90.4 82.7 94.2 81.0 82.0 91.8 95.8 15.5 16.1 7.7 16.9 19.6 6.9 7.4 12.1 17.9 6.4 16.1 18.8 8.5 6.6 8.4 15.5 5.2 17.2 17.4 ].l 3.8 2.1 1.7 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.5 2.6 2.1 1.2 4.5 0.6 1.2 1.8 5 ■Ouincv l^nnk Tsland 0.7 "^ankegan 4 1 statistics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. 'Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.! CITY. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.! aiY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. A'lton 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -13.3 9.6 -20.9 17.1 -6.2 24.9 38.8 30.9 6.1 4.8 14.8 -8.7 6.1 23.0 -13.8 -27.1 32.2 39.9 -5.5 29.6 6.7 21.5 -11.8 12.5 -21.6 14.6 -11.2 29.1 23.4 20.2 2.7 11.9 21.6 -8.0 4.5 23.0 -15.1 -29.7 20.4 30.8 28.7 Dm 1.7 -1.6 3.3 32.7 12.2 18.3 -19.3 "-40.'3 Chicago Heights 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 8.5 11.9 20.9 -7.4 71.1 48.3 15.3 30.1 12.2 16.0 13.2 -8.9 24.2 25.2 10.4 13.4 69.3 -10.1 88.2 -5.9 -7.0 1.2 7.2 9.0 20.2 -9.3 62.8 51.3 7.6 35.0 14.9 17.6 14.4 -9.4 26.3 24.7 19.2 4.6 6.5.0 -8.2 79.8 -1.8 -4.3 2.6 58.4 26.0 25.7 106.8 20.4 71.8 -33.6 -39.1 9.1 12.7 -7.4 21.7 Decatur Belleville i78.4 -36.2 -17.3 -22.9 Elgin -38. 5 ^Cairo 4.5 Freeport \ licrosoft® -29.4 •Chicago. - 32.8 b0 -26.5 -21.0 -7.0 1 A. minus sign (-) denotes decrease; per cent not shown where base is Ipss than 100. 312 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 8— Continued PEB CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNEKS.l CITY. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS." CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1S14 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 3.7 -1.6 5.3 -1.3. 7 -21.7 10.2 37.8 6.0 30.0 1.4 29.7 -21.8 1.3 8.6 -6.8 -28.1 -22.5 -7.2 26.7 -6.2 35.1 -6.0 7.9 5.6 2.2 -19.3 -23.8 5.9 6.8 5.4 0.3 2.9 29.7 -20.7 -1.8 7.8 -8.9 -27.8 -23.9 -5.2 24.4 -6.1 32.5 -8.3 -14.9 -24.4 12.5 102.2 5.6 91.6 Peoria 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 7.7 5.1 2.5 -33.4 -23.3 -13.1 7.9 4.7 3.0 44.7 12.5 28.6 35.4 13.8 18.9 14.2 38.3 -17.4 0.5 -23.0 30.5 -1.7 -0.6 -1.2 -33.7 -21.7 -15.3 5.3 .5.9 -0.6 47.6 13.6 29.9 31.6 13.4 16.0 14.7 46.6 -21.7 -3.3 -23.5 20. 4 97.6 34.6 46.7 -30. S -31.0 0.3 Joliet 11.8 JRockford 25.9 La Salle 42.0 17.9 20.5 52.5 IS. 2 29.1 -61.4 Springfield — 73.R 47.7 Streator —86.4 Waukegan 13.0 — 47.S Moline -2.9 -13.8 Oak Pert r" 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; per cent not shown where base is less than 100, Wage earners employed, by months. — The fcllowing table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 WAGE EAENEKS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Number. " Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 517,634 518,292 521, 752 514, 506 508, 665 512, 246 605, 982 602, 603 604, 543 505, 655 488, 164 483,276 438, 594 442, 881 452, 563 455, 146 454,965 459, 376 454,410 460, 414 481, 796 493,928 496, 452 498,640 363,825 374,424 386, 521 389,274 389, 346 379, 689 357, 587 364,626 383, 153 393, 202 386,024 385,561 99.2 99.3 100.0 98.6 97.6 98.2 97.0 96.3 96.7 96.9 93.6 92.6 88.0 88.8 90.8 91.3 91.2 92.1 91.1 92.3 96.6 99.1 99.6 100.0 92.5 95.2 March . . 98.3 99.0 May 99.0 96.6 July 90.9 92.7 September. 97.4 100.0 November 98.2 98.1 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 16th of each month, or the nearest" representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the montll. For 1914 January, February, and March show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for March and the minimtmi for December. In 1909 the greatest number of wage earners were employed in December and the least in January, while in 1904, the maximum month was October and the minimum July. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years, was 60,046 in 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage ,y.4t) per cent Digitized by Microsoft® earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries, of the state, for a nmnber of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 35 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The majority of the industries, for which separate figures are given in Table 10, show the stability of em- ployment during 1914. For 15 of them there was a variation of less than 10 per cent between the num- bers reported for the months of maximum and mini- mum employment and for 9 other industries the varia- tion was less than 20 per cent. The manufacture of clocks and watches, including cases and materials, fur- nishes constant employment to almost the entire num- ber of wage earners engaged in the industry, the mini- mum forming 97.6 per cent of the maximum. Some of the industries, however, show a great varia- tion in the number employed at different times during the year. Of the selected industries, canning and pre- serving, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in February being but 23.6 per cent of the number in September, when the can- ning season is at its height. Of the cities, Canton shows the widest variation between the months of greatest and least employment, the proportion that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being 28.4 per cent. The greatest stability of employment is shown in Elgin, where the proportion the minimum formed of the maximum number was 96.3 per cent. Chicago and Springfield also show a small degree of fluctuation, the corresponding' proportion being 94.3 per cent and 9.46 per cent, respectively. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 313 Table lO INDUSTKY AND CITY. WAGE earners: 1914, [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Average number em- ployed during year. -Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearestTcpresentative day. January. Febru- ary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Septem- ber. October. Novem. ber. Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All industries. 506,943 517,6.34 518,292 621,752 514,505 508,665 512,246 505,982 602,603 505,655 488, 164 48S,S7e Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boxes, faacy and paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . Clocks and wat(iies, including cases and materials Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtur^ and lamps and reflectors .'. Gas, illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather goods leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Ifillinerjr and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and or- ^ns and materials Paints and varnishes Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, zinc Soap Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for tsitiesi. Alton Atteora Belleville Bloomington . Cairo Canton Centralia Champaign Chicago Chicago Beights.. Danville Decatur East St. Louis. Elgin evanston Freeport Galesburg Granite City.. Jacksonville.. JOLIET Kankakee. Kewanee . . La Salle... Lincoln Mattoon... Moline Oak Park.. Pekin Peoria QUINCY Rock Island, rocktohd — Springfield . . Streator Waukegan. . . 19,556 2,545 6,397 4,686 10,404 8,610 2,660 4,861 28,682 18,000 5,688 35, 119 8,113 5,009 7,445 16,483 2,398 55,261 2,775 13,766 2,078 3,890 3,764 3,535 15,408 2,325 2,678 6,749 14,870 8,334 2,110 32,838 31,627 3,573 2,144 3,917 7,653 408,976 2,662 4,777 2,450 2,384 1,522 920 237 382 313, 710 4,288 2,109 4,003 5, 883 5,529 924 2, .566 1,362 6,090 932 4,999 1,430 2,837 1,214 239 735 5,0.53 268 634 6,285 3,067 1,837 10, 472 4,157 1,763 2,276 26,217 s,m 6,203 4,779 9,779 6,928 1,370 6,262 28,321 20,104 5,740 35,056 7,WS 4,768 7,009 18, 186 B,S97 67,122 2,746 13,783 2,257 S.SBS 4,337 16,651 2,314 2,833 8,461 14,789 3,650 8,645 2,167 32, 717 33,926 3,480 2,198 3,399 7,679 99,227 418,517 25,770 2,337 6,275 4,662 9,960 6, see 1,367 5,387 28,232 17,102 5,732 36,129 8,185 4,631 7,033 18,133 2,360 67,427 2,769 14,120 2,245 3,410 4,320 3,644 16,814 2,401 2,847 e,4ss 14,680 4,263 8,757 2,250 32,883 33,036 3,515 2,215 3,828 7,696 100,200 421,294 23,011 2,552 6,420 4,603 10,187 6,620 1,430 S,106 28,051 16,751 5,744 36, 169 8,686 4,721 7,643 17, 780 2,351 58,206 2,858 14,425 2,148 3,462 4,206 3,639 17,644 2,404 2,814 5,459 16,365 4,294 8,819 2,298 33,525 31,886 3,600 2,227 4,141 7,615 102,602 423,736 21,240 2,795 6,168 4,453 10,332 7,545 1,476 5,309 S7,StS 16,067 5,701 35,714 8,843 4,678 7,903 17,360 2,403 58,060 2,723 14,341 2,108 4,310 4,288 3,642 17,380 2,412 2,680 5,642 15,412 3,846 8,839 2,328 32,696 29,163 3,568 2,196 4,458 7,BS2 102,823 416, 447 19,940 2,942 6,459 L4B0 10,465 8,463 1,732 5,068 27,351 15,151 5,684 35,930 7,996 4,666 7,903 17,025 2,362 57,406 B,67B 14,203 2,091 4,507 3,967 3,682 16,191 2,354 2,762 5,747 16,324 2,766 8,465 2,319 32,496 B8,B6i 3,567 2,143 4,431 7,666 101,970 409,982 18,944 2,816 6,693 4,837 10,638 10,232 3,044 4,839 27,911 16,987 6,685 36,239 7,260 4,466 . 7,776 16,751 2,324 56,427 2,683 13,833 1,963 4,286 4,029 3,543 16,357 2,324 2,689 6,237 16,684 B,379 8,361 2,206 32,943 30,280 3,666 2,139 4,352 7,607 101,430 409,985 17,991 2,535 6,769 4,569 10,636 10,386 2,712 29,428 17,695 5,653 34,746 7,297 4,SS9 7,451 16,419 2,427 86,361 2,837 13,119 1,917 4,046 3,310 3,400 15,629 2,283 2,684 6,246 16,815 2,659 8,153 2,011 32,966 29,566 3,1,68 2,142 «,712 7,534 100,344 403,708 12,695 2,487 6,614 4,522 10,572 10, 694 4,703 4,682 29,805 21,460 5,698 34,236 7,862 4-, 829 7,631 16,194 2,490 55,873 2,802 13,388 1,9U 4,488 2,713 S,S08 15,427 2,259 2,699 6,184 15,196 3-, 490 8,132 1,940 32,910 28,845 3,524 2,089 3,760 7,676 97,022 400,360 2,472 6,471 4,660 10,542 10,261 5,786 4,625 30,231 i9,660 5,706 34,335 S,787 5,635 7,677 15,969 2,482 64,005 2,835 13,646 1,978 3,916 e.69i 3,360 16,041 2,282 14*822 3,557 8,218 1,996 33,219 31,302 3,602 2,116 3,906 7,700 97,392 403,132 17,147 2,461 4,685 10,737 9,372 3,652 4,393 30,800 21,297 5,664 34,469 •S,163 6,929 7,249 16,415 2,443 52,243 2,796 13,734 3,111 3,977 3,448 3,545 13,975 2,326 . 2,470 5,701 14,403 2,792 7,972 1,971 32,603 34,029 3,609 2,102 4,091 7,796 97,612 408,276 19,678 2,538 6,182 4,688 10,627 8,732 1,997 i,309 29,412 17,993 5,640 Si,018 8,525 5,708 7,046 14,556 2,426 50,277 2,801 13,460 2,126 3,450 3,895 3,482 11, 728 2,320 2,601 8,561 13,709 2,841 7,924 1,903 3B,m 33,280 3,605 2,089 3,647 7,782 93,361 397,189 19,801 2,347 6,227 4,534 10,483 7,831 1,453 4,394 28,130 16,743 5,609 34,387 7,569 5,778 7,020 U,0I8 2,431 49,736 2,778 13,160 2,078 3,475 3,961 3,656 11,1S9 B,m 2,702 5,612 13, m 3,350 7,8ns 1,932 32,641 36,662 3.783 3,289 7,754 39S, 148 2,997 4,983 B,1B0 2,384 1,604 230 311 319,741 4,217 2,473 3,913 6,055 5,591 931 2,756 1,360 8,867 960 4,819 i,m 2,718 1,164 254 6,237 BBB 619 6,092 2,874 2,055 11,070 4,281 1,720 2,375 2,907 4,978 2,381 2,394 1,600 1,747 222 319 322,463 4,278 3,913 5,758 5,870 902 2,864 1,370 5,493 922 5,048 1,297 2,790 1,1B6 BBS 762 6,105 B,e94 2,076 10,864 4,164 1,750 2,430 3,042 6,011 2,480 2,352 1,732 1,066 234 337 323,852 4,407 1,998 4,080 6,814 6,627 913 2,819 1,389 6,104 918 6,438 1,353 3,065 1,182 235 .885 5,802 268 732 6,257 2,996 1,917 10,922 4,236 1,825 2,449 3,029 6,049 2,517 2,336 1,764 620 248 364 317,311 4,609 1,868 4,165 5,964 5,514 945 2,714 1,405 6,098 921 6,642 1,434 2,924 1,193 229 675 5,336 260 733 6,225 3,269 1,802 10,823 4,124 1,886 2,451 2,766 5,044 2,640 B,B4S 1,728 561 241 392 313, 745 4,502 1,837 4,028 6,018 8,613 2,626 1,334 8,123 901 8,880 1,472 2,860 1,188 239 684 4,847 267 686 6,380 3,207 1,747 10,386 4,206 1,866 2,368 2,676 6,032 2,599 2,320 1,748 497 240 426 314,685 4,376 1,881 4,223 6,093 5,634 887 2,537 1,308 4,886 936 5,200 1,680 2,830 1,218 230 680 4,012 273 526 6,620 3,280 1,738 10,157 4,085 2,037 2,536 2,371 4,868 2.532 2,435 1,757 602 240 425 310, 170 4,402 2,166 4,052 6,000 6,482 910 2,417 1,371 3,864 970 6,074 1,557 2,837 1,212 245 681 8,694 288 44S 6,966 3,162 1,717 10,306 4,157 2,034 2,401 B,B79 4,847 2,642 2,-624 1,277 249 418 306,464 3,754 2,239 4,002 6,078 B,4B5 978 2,547 1,404 5,420 981 4,987 1,668 2,917 1,234 256 673 4,432 274 554 6,855 3,219 1,822 10,143 4,147 1,790 2,351 2,297 4,344 2,578 2,474 1,454 725 266 423 308,646 3,946 2,169 4,017 6,227 5,582 970 2,597 1,409 5,760 992 4,768 1,504 2,879 1,270 257 706 4,536 269 744 6,298 3,129 1,761 10,235 4,157 1,377 2,387 2,484 4,603 2,484 2,443 1,306 831 238 406 316,366 4,633 2,092 4,004 5,862 6,478 2,412 1,378 4,605 948 4,722 1,483 2,828 1,248 258 702 4,691 270 518 6,078 3,114 1,863 10,337 4,131 1.477 2,286 2,531 4,397 2,328 2,415 1,11s 1,021 B21 387 306,967 4,026 2,016 3,892 6,433 6,467 938 B,18S 1,341 4,336 891 4,624 1,350 2,700 1,247 218 653 5,451 272 816 8,964 3,001 1,836 10,239 4,04s 1,705 1,530 2,595 4,301 2,199 2,316 1,184 1,169 306, 120 4,406 2,081 3,747 6,064 8,466 902 2,325 1,B76 3,8B4 867 4,1^6 1,358 B,696 1.266 Bll 664 5,389 265 779 6,580 2,869 1,710 10,182 4,148 1,689 1,748 ' Statistics id aividual operations. 314 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported, for 1914 and 1 909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per w6ek prevaiUng in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for all industries combined In each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed ia each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or less number of hours. Table 11 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings . Boxes, &ncy and paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of .railroad companies. Clocks and watches, including cases and materials Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products ; Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Poundry and machine-shop products burnishing goods, men's rurniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Gas, illuminating and heating Census year. Glass. Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 AVEEAQE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. S06,943 465,764 19,556 19,240 2,545 2,382 6,397 5,792 4,586 4,085 10,404 8,611 8,610 9,731 2,560 2,383 4,861 5,852 28,682 23,131 18,000 10,945 5,688 5,665 35,119 36,152 8,113 6,151 5,009 3,799 7,445 7,473 16,483 9,641 2,398 2,464 55, 261 52,266 2,775 2,688 13,766 13,575 2,078 2,090 6,301 3,764 3,507 3,535 2,913 15,408 17,684 2,325 2,949 2,678 3,001 5,749 4,398 In establishments where the prevaiUng hours of labor per week were-^ 48 and under. 79,601 56,055 1,197 183 46 33 6 414 72 964 673 2,089 2,862 21 61 434 114 5,863 ■374 2 1 7,481 6,043 671 178 154 1,586 1,506 362 186 97 310 785 647 1,140 928 216 120 56 16 7 180 94 125 107 5,066 3,127 Between 48 and 64. 99,322 50,781 730 539 250 195 57 843 1,412 2,046 1,621 27 111 153 240 6,491 1,605 1,009 530 4,328 19,667 4,503 4,363 3,266 638 390 602 129 14,680 8,172 4 50 7,869 3,431 737 656 1,773 708 248 445 1,203 967 525 553 2,003 155 102 313 193 40 113,674 120,236 666 833 994 1,395 673 84& 4,678 4,243 1,763 1,632 205 74 922 1,133 11,236 13,329 12,949 5,926 1,707 634 ,6,077 13,619 2,213 1,663 1,456 619 1,193 1,144 750 734 111 24 20,328 22,321 1,249 120 4,614 5,617 1,164 1,332 100 663 511 78 639 2,763 558 1,091 78 57 354 714 Between 54 and 60. 102,074 95,908 13,762 13,664 897 363 4,525 3,956 2,145 1,348 480 711 633 1,463 276 2,487 3,077 104 578 1,116 2,620 47 2,674 10,400 816 594 1,679 1,259 3,366 3,136 687 453 15,236 13,972 101 741 2,694 806 406 238 2,801 138 1,398 1,786 1,320 94 1,142 1,022 1,218 2,138 1,197 114 310 60. 88,238 106,090 3,311 5,077 93 713 1,100 159 281 2,064 1,821 2,164 3,697 1,238 1,672 778 1,442 1,651 2,378 2,927 1,963 229 1,587 51 1,033 1,376 1,473 14 90 1,294 1,229 8,319 11,054 41 32 3,767 6,229 140 19 125 320 676 447 879 2,656 3,230 137 300 360 1,434 22 169 Between 60 and 72. 16,676 10,222 113 16 179 79 147 376 360 60 3,187 4,785 85 406 '331 307 144 4,831 12,389 247 78 132 Over 72. 404 471 240 2,858 10,074 31 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 315 Table 11— Continued. Census year. AVERAGE number OP WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week wero- - 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. Lumber and timber products 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 •1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 14,870 16,567 3,323 3,328 8,334 8,777 2,110 1,792 32,838 28,644 31,627 26,705 3,573 1,922 2,144 2,188 3,917 4,499 7,653 8,034 98,869 88,639 408,976 1,646 870 641 557 318 121 49 152 24,447 18,064 1,032 2,900 70 2,697 461 1,118 1,348 1,768 564 433 217 5,181 4,496 447 45 3,072 4,882 609 688 3,814 4,604 368 148 2,698 3,983 1,116 1,143 4,849 5,231 716 626 1,804 842 1,063 982 312 1,293 2,795 67 1,054 702 1,300 49 828 811 1,094 1,028 22,011 18,726 82,802 2,585 5,087 239 109 630 2,646 182 281 200 629 26,179 22,657 1,890 698 621 2,016 1,399 2,098 843 833 19,303 18,636 60, 481 20 3 1 1 32 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials . . 36 12 57 66 3 5.59 622 122 2 SinpHi"£ ?^f\ refining, zino ... Soan 5 8 644 430 4,400 4,963 12,486 8,315 69,693 135 697 511 335 73 139 66 88 54,334 382 246 1,550 397 678 106 668 208 1,462 340 663 158 24 53 105 37 1,482 66 78 .1,647 604 391 879 934 252 35 194 95 80 53 923 700 13,645 9,992 81, 497 24 19 966 1,107 389 508 22,371 21,358 97,862 2 To^fw^v^ Tnf«i^if(v»tiirflp. . , 4 2 5,684 3,286 11, 138 All other industries 1,539 1,196 3,822 1,830 7,132 1,681 2,662 4,777 2,450 2,384 1,522 920 237 382 313,710 4,288 2,109 4,003 5,863 5,629 924 2,566 1,362 ■6,090 932 4,999 1,430 2,837 1,214 239 735 5,053 268 634 6,285 3,067 1,837 10,472 4,167 1,763 2,276 141 1,090 207 31 20 87 184 1,817 1,300 292 107 17 26 51 80,985 709 1,362 1,082 1,650 '827 111 424 726 15 63 118 179 407 10 72 561 621 35 88 842 1,004 569 986 297 325 132 1,521 395 399 180 748 658 116 57 60,110 953 160 614 412 335 647 864 253 1,027 412 554 766 1,690 596 756 33 U3 467 16 7 80 43,683 1,012 101 485 2,007 220 18 561 108 560 60 704 184 47 885 21 93 678 8 454 1,776 894 34 2,963 538 75 256 84 8 2 AxmoBA '. 14 ■RwT.T.F.vn.T.w Bloomington 1,382 63 3 14 8 5,760 103 41 50 1,091 51 39 Canton \ Centbalia ... 8 11 Champagne. 38 67,035 1,129 120 151 307 3,559 34 50 38 2,019 24 349 120 761 4 7 60 Chicago 1,369 434 Chicago Heights Danville 24 35- 77 Decatue 36 East St. Louis 22 EVANSTON 3 4 14 7 8 44 14 5 Feeeport Galesbukg 16 Geanite Citt . .- i,958 2 Kewanee '. g TiA J^AT.T.F. 267 5 Lincoln 34 11 2,032 66 2 1,191 167 797 4,503 933 100 197 ItfATTTlfm 6 3 37 MoLnrE .• 237 104 1 346 169 39 947 1,322 978 33 Oak Park Pekin 131 218 11 97 66 28 1,620 237 11 2 22 35 QmNCY EocK Island 4 ROCKEORD 75 32 Sfeinofield Streatob 5 Waukegan 3 > statistics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosure of individual operations. The figures in the preceding table emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 143,784, or 30.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners in all in- dustries combined, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, while but 112,372, or 22.2 per cent, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners in the establishments operating less than 60 hours per week increased from 321 -980 in 1900 to 394,571 in 1914, or from 69.1 per ceiff/ly W^^S- PeKt^ of the total wage earners in the state in 1914. There was a marked increase during the five-year period in the proportion of wage earners employed 54 hours or less per week and a decided decrease in the proportion working 72 hours and over. In the foundries and machine shops, the average number of wage earners employed 54 hours or less per week increased from 50.8 per cent of the total for the industry in 1909 to 57.3 per cent in 1914. The de- y^crease m h^s of labor in this industry is still further l TOcenTuatecrby the small number of wage earners in 316 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. shops operating 60 hours or more per week in 1914 as compared with 1909. Other industries showing a pro- nounced decrease in working hovirs are raiboad repair shops, men's clothing, and printing and publishing. Of the 408,967 wage earners reported for the 35 cities, of more than 10,000 inhabitants in 1914, 331,854, or 81.1 per cent, were in establishments where the pre- vailing hours were less than 60 per week, while 77,122, or 18.9 per cent, were in establishments in which the hours were 60 or more per week. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Illinois were centraHzed in the cities of more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HATING A POPDLATION OF 10,000 OE OVER.l DISTEICTS OHTSIDE OP CITIES HAVDJG A POP- Total. 10,000 to 25,000.1 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. ULATION OP 10,000 OR 0VEK.2 Number or amount. Percent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Percent of ag- gregate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 35 32 25 3,276,504 2,950,963 2,218,030 13,218 12,530 9,695 408,976 379, 100 279,322 $1,843,239,978 1,592,407,931 967,089,720 757,599,917 640,926,356 378,306,775 54.7 52.3 46.0 71.9 69.6 67.4 80.7 81.4 83.9 82.0 83.0 86.3 83.5 84.6 86.1 20 20 18 318,472 331,285 302,886 1,091 1,076 1,080 33,807 32,893 31,372 $116,627,056 109,948,749 59,860,869 62,843,874 45,869,118 29,120,668 6.3 8.9 6.3 5.9 6.0 7.6 6.7 7.1 9.4 6.2 5.7 5.3 6.8 6.0 6.6 14 11 6 560,432 434,395 216,570 2,012 1,788 947 61,469 62,230 26,769 $243,114,606 201, 288, 001 99,349,710 123,191,021 104, 494, 816 63,529,477 9.4 7.7 4.5 10.9 9.9 6.6 12.1 11.2 8.0 10.8 19.5 8.9 13.6 13.8 12.2 1 1 1 2,397,600 2,186,283 1,698,575 10,116 9,656 7,668 313,710 -293,977 221,191 $1,483,498,416 1,281,171,181 797,879,141 581,565,022 490,562,423 296,656,740 6,986,781 6,638,691 4,821,650 18,388 18,026 14,374 606,943 466,764 332,871 $2,247,322,819 1,919,276,594 1,120,868,308 907,139,412 768,349,904 439,418,186 40.0 38.8 36.2 56.0 63.6 53.3 61.9 63.1 66.4 66.0 66.8 71.2 64.1 64.7 67.3 2,710,277 2,687,628 2,603,620 6,170 5,506 4,679 97,967 86,664 63,549 $404,082,841 326,868,663 163,778,588 149,539,495 117,423,648 61,111,411 45.3 Number of establishments Average number ol wage earners. 47.7 54.0 28.1 30. i 32.6 19.3 18.6 16,1 18.0 Value added by manufacture . 17.0 14.6 16.5 16.6 13.9 1 statistics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes statistics for Cicero. 3 Census estimate of population for 1914. Table 12 shows that the increase in the mantifac- tures of the state was general and extended to both the urban and rural districts. During the 15 years covered by the table the value of products for the urban districts, represented by the cities of 10,000 inhabitants or over, nearly doubled, while that reported for rural districts increased 146.7 per cent. The relative importance of the manufactures, as measured by average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, has increased for districts outside the cities, while the pro- portion of the cities as measured by these items has decreased. Comparisons for the cities or for the districts outside are afiected by the increase in the population of cities. Centraha, Kewanee, Pekin, and Granite City, each had less than 10,000 inhabitants in 1909, and statistics for these cities were at that date, therefore, included with those for outside dis- tricts; while ui 1914 they are classed with places having a population of 10,000 and over. Similar changes took place from 1900 to 1910, which make it impossible to show the same cities in the same group at each census. The 35 cities, which contained 55 per cent of the estimated population of the state in 1914, reported 82 per cent of the total value of products and 80.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The corresponding proportions for 1909 differed only lightly from those which obtained i^O/^i^/ZSC/ b V The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 35 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by the average number of wage earners' and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Statistics for Qcero are omitted in order to avoid disclosiire of individual operations. In 10 of the cities shown in Table 13, there were increases in the average number of wage earners and in the value of products for each of the five-year periods 1904-1909 and 1909-1914. The other cities show fluctuations of increase and decrease in the two items at the same census periods. Chicago is not only the most important manufac- turing city in Illinois but, as measured by the value of products, ranks second only to New York among the cities of the United States. Its manufactures were valued at $1,483,498,416, and its industries fur- nished employment to an average of 313,710 wage earners in 1914. There were only four states besides Illinois — ^namely: New York, Pennsylvania, Massa- chusetts, and Ohio — ^which exceeded Chicago in total value of products in 1914. The average number of wage earners increased 6.7 per cent and the total value of products 15.8 per cent during the 1909-1914 period, as compared with 21.5 per cent and 34.1 per MP&ftDSQfi^^^^^' ^^^ ^^® preceding five-year period. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 317 Table 13 CITY A Jhieago. Peoria oliet SastSt. Louis iociiford tlolinc jranite City Chicago Heights... Uton iVaultegan Decatur Springfield Aurora Elgin PeUn Juincy Freeport Rock Island aelleville Kewanee.., Danville Da Salle Bloomington !!airo Evanston Btreator Kankakee Balesburg Canton lacksonTille Dak Park Ukttoon Champaign 3entralia Lincoln AVERAGE NTIMBEE OF "WAGE EAENEKS. 19!t 1909 1904 313, 710 ' 6,285 4,999 5,SS3 10,472 5,053 6, 090l 4,288 2, 002 2,270 4,003 4, 157 4,777 5,529 034 3,0S7 2,566 1,837 2,450 2,837 2,109 1,214 2,384 1,522 924 1,763 1,430 1,363 920 932 268 735 382 237 239 VALUE OF PKODUCTS. 293,97 5,981 6,383 2 5, 226 9,309 2 5,387 241,984 5,834 5,792 4,505 7,239 3,987 I! 1909 3,953 2,429 2 2, 956 2, 699 3, 652 5,095 2 6,067 2 3, 997 2,833 1,754 1,872 1,744 2 936 2,077 1,237 837 1,275 1,349 1,465 1,262 947 282 948 273 3,069 2,265 2,340 3,071 4,078 4,885 4,602 1,516 1,703 1,765 1,884 1,197 2,275 1,435 738 1,544 1, 1,447 1,022 289 1,483,498,416 64,689,045 30,091,415 26,904,505 26,371,219 19, 925, 106 17,903,162 14,485,569 12,864,532 12,438,514 11,937,406 11,709,969 10,789,383 10,491,829 9, 609, 500 9, 550, 918 7,440,977 6,487,839 5, 727, 269 5,446,615 5,291,160 5,245,780 4,8i 4,5831539 3,984,824 3,886,617 3,193,020 3, 192, 129 2,570,965 2,355,192 1,555,083 1, 543, 727 . 1,244,696 707,533 500,637 $1 281,171,181 03,061,155 38, 810, 523 18, 103, 788 22, 265, 740 20,003,848 5955,036,277 00,419,598 32,897,110 10,686,320 15, 276, 129 13,158,429 10,839,268 10,096,333 19,540,700 9,767,988 8,497,245 10,954,175 10,537,052 11,065,; 7,811,277 5,386,770 4,014,i 3,350,396 4,327,351 4, 867, 930 4,440,148 3,778,298 2,137,252 2, 723, 171 2,919,091 2,941,625 2,298,700 1,117,097 1,434,420 840,489 370,243 1904 8,690,814 10,994,247 8,667,302 5, 796, 037 7,329,028 9,349,274 10, 748, 224 3,109,302 5,332,967 4,350,615 3,304,120 3, 158, 173 5,777,000 4,381,465 2, 550, 529 1,888,894 2,089,143 2,217,772 1,981,682 1,308,781 486,229 """784,'248 > Statistics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise Shem in order to include data only for those establishments located within the »rporate Limits of the city. The principal industries of Chicago "for which sta- bistics can be presented separately, arranged ia the Drder of value of products, are shown m the following table, which gives the absolute and relative mcrease from 1909 to 1914, and also the percentage which the palue of products for each industry represents of the eorresponding total for the state. Table 14 CHICAGO — VALUE OF PEODUCTS : 1911. Amount. All industries 51,483,498,416 410, 709, 225 97,506,906 85,3.59,430 84,339,611 Slaughtering and meat packing Printing and publishing Foundry and machine-shop products. Nothing, men's, including shirts jars, steam-railroad, not Including operations of railroad companies.. .. Bread and other bakery products !/iquors, malt jumber and timber products ioa and steel, steel works and rolling mills furniture and refrigerators Paint and varnish Tobacco manufactures '- — !oap. Confectionery Clothing, women's Slectrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies '■■'■ )ars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies weather, tanned, curried, and fimshed. iopper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . lusicaf instrument s, pianos and or- gans and materials. ■ - latent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations 50,930,691 34,217,248 28,933,288 28,711,190 27,001,775 24,132,848 22,810,675 21,460,007 21,253,430 20,348,661 19,211,137 17,568,424 16,687,929 15,662,742 13,236,073 12,670,70-3 10,808,693 Per cent of indus- try total for the - state. Increase ' over 1909. 66.0 S202,327,235 41.5 73.1 9.3.1 82.4 99.2 91.9 S2.6 38.5 40.2 89.5 53.3 64.3 71.9 30,038,675 7,309,010 9,420,882 -3,997,533 -18,982,007 3,620,461 3,888,227 4,827,492 1,316,3,S9 9, 126, 225 3,534,212 -3,100,081 1,329,104 2,419,192 994,123 1,183,241 448, 709 Per cent. 15.8 26.3 31.4 -4.8 -1.1 143.8 27.2 48.3 -12.2 -41.3 17.7 20,4 29.0 6.6 81.3 22.5 -13.0 8.7 18.3 8.1 10.3^ 4.3 > A minus sign (— ) denotes decreaj 'Bigitized by The importance of the slaughtering and meat- packing industry in Chicago is apparent when it is noted that its value of products formed 27.7 per cent of the total for all manufacturing industries in the city and 24.9 per cent of the total for the industry in the United States.- In addition to the 149 industries presented separately for Chicago in Table 44, there were 125 others, which for various reasons are included under the head of "all other industries." Some of these industries were among the most important in the city, 43 reporting products in 1914 exceeding $1,000,000 in value.' Of these, 6 reported products valued at $10,000,000 or over; 3 products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, and 34, between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000 in value. Peoria, the second city in the state in value of manu- factures, reported products valued at $64,689,045 in 1914, an increase of 2.6 per cent over the figures for 1909. The leading industry in the city is distilled liquors, and others of importance are slaughtering and meat packing, printing and publishing, the manu- facture of agricultural implements, paper and wood pulp, malt liquors, cooperage, cordage and twine, food preparations, and bakery products. Johet holds third place among the manufacturing cities of Illinois. The value of its manufactured prod- ucts decreased 22.5 per cent and the average number of wage earners employed decreased 21.7 per cent for the five-year period 1909-1914. The operations of steelworks and rolling mills and of blast furnaces, and the manufacture of coke and wire, were the chief industries in 1914. East St. Louis shows an increase of 48.6 per cent in value of products between 1909 and 1914. The principal industries were flour miUs and gristimlls, chemicals, slaughtering and meat packing, rolling mills, foundries and machine shops, paints, and steam- railroad repair shops. Rockford maintained its high average in wage earners, but the number employed in 1914 (10,472) was an increase of only 12.5 per cent over 1909. The furniture factories, knitting mUls, and foundries and machine shops furnished employment to more than one-half of the total wage earners reported for the city. 1 These industries are: Agricultural implements. Babbitt metal and solder. Belting, leather. Butter, reworking. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cash registers. Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Coke. Cordage and twine. Cordials and flavoring sirups. Corsets. Fertilizers. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Gas, illuminating and heating. Gloves and mittens, leather. Glue. Gold and silver, reducing and reflnmg, not from the ore. Instruments, professional and scientific. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. , Labels and tags/-. ^^ Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet.' Millinery and lace goods. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. Oil, linseed. Oleomargarine. Optical goods. Paper and wood pulp. Pottery products. Printing and publishing, music. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Sewing machines add attachments. Silk goods, not including throwsters. Smelting and refining, lead. Sporting and athletic goods. Springs, steel, car, and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Stationery goods. Surgical appliances. Upholstermg materials. Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Wire. Wool scouring. 318 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. In value of products, Rockford ranked fifth among the cities of the state and showed an increase of 18.4 per cent for the five-year period 1909-1914. In addi- tion to the industries mentioned, the manufacture of agricultural implements, pianos, carriages and wagons, and saddlery were also of importance. The importance of the agricultural-implement in- dustry in Mohne is apparent when it is noted that its value of products formed 48.9 per cent in the total for all manufacturing industries in the city. The manufacture of automobiles and carriages and wagons are also among the leading industries. The city, how- ever, shows a decrease of 3.6 per cent in the total value of products for the five-year period 1909-1914. The chief industries in Granite City are the manu- facture of rolling-miU products, glucose, babbitt metal and solder, stamped and enameled ware, and tinplate. In Chicago Heights the operation of steelworks and rolhng miUs, foundry and machine shops, steam- railroad car construction shops, and the manufacture of chemicals are the leading industries. The percent- age of increase for the total value of products was 33.6 per cent for the five-year period 1909-1914. Alton shows an increase of 27.4 per cent in the total value of products from 1909 to 1914. The most important industries were the fiour mills, glass fac- tories, and slaughtering and meat packing. Waukegan shows a decrease in the total value of products for the five-year period 1909-1914 of 36.3 per cent, due to removal of plants from the city limits. The rolling mUls, the preparation of food products, the manufacture of gas, and leather, tanned, curried, and finished, contributed most to the city's industrial importance. Decatur increased 48.3 per cent in the number of wage earners and 22.4 per cent in the total value of products from 1909 to 1914. The leading industries were steam-railroad repair shops and the manufacture of plumbers' suppHes, and starch. Springfield shows an increase in the total value of products of 38.5 per cent for the five-year period 1909-1914. The industries of most importance were the flour nodUs; the manufacture of boots and shoes; watches; smelting and refining, zinc; agricultural im- plements; the printing and pubhshing business; electri- cal machinery; and the breweries. In Aurora the leading industries are steam-railroad repair shops, fomidry and machine shops, the manu- facture of corsets, and builders' hardware. The city shows for the five-year period 1909-1914 a decrease of 1.5 per cent in the total value of products. Elgin is widely known for the manufacture of watch movements. Other important industries for 1914 are printing and pubhshing, the condensed-milk factories, and the making of watch cases. The city shows a slight decrease in total value of products for the census period 1909-1914. The principal industries of the otl places appearing in Table 13 are shown in the follow- ing statement: CITY. Principal industries. Pekin... ' Liquors, distilled. Quincy . .. Glucose and starch. Cooperage. Stoves and furnaces, not including gas and oil stoves. Liquors, malt. Patent medicines and compounds and perfumery and cosmetics. Foundry and machine-shop products. Patent medicines and compounds. Freeport. ... Carriages and wagons. Windmills. Engines, gas and gasoline. Agricultural implements. Lumber, planlng-mlll products. Belleville Kewanee .... Flour-mill and gristmill products. Liquors, malt. Steam fittings, and steam and hot water apparatus. Foundry and machine-shop products. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Smelting and refining, zinc. Cement. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam, railroad companies. Danville La Salle Ulnnmingtnn Cairo E vanston Iron and steel, wrought pipe. Streator Glass. 'K"n.rilr?i.lrep . Cotton goods. Galesburg Hosiery and knit goods. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam* Canton railroad companies. Foundry anfl machine-shop products. Agricultural implements. Jacksonville Slaughtering an^ meat packing, wholesale. Clothing, men's. Structural ironwork. Cars and general 'shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Printing a"d pnblisbing. Champaign . Centralia '. Gas, illuminating and Heating. Envelopes. Chicago metropolitan district. — ^The Chicago metro- politan district embraces 409,087 acres, of which 120,210 acres represent the area of Chicago, and 288,877 acres, the outside territory. The estimated population of Chicago in 1914 was 2,397,600, and that of the outside territory 308,824, the total for the dis- trict being 2,706,424. The district comprises, in addition to the city of Chicago, the townships of Berwyn, Bloom, Calumet, Cicero, Evanston, Leyden, Lyons, Maine, New Trier, Niles, Norwood Park, Oak Park, Proviso, Ridgeville, Riverside, Stickney, Thorn- ton, and Worth, all in Cook County, Illinois, and Calu- met and North townships in Lake Cotinty, Indiana. Within these townships, or coextensive with them, there are seven incorporated places of 10,000 or more inhabitants. Of these, four are in Illinois: Chicago Heights city, in Bloom township; Cicero town, coex- tensive with Cicero township; Evanston city, coexten- sive with Ridgeville township ; and Oak Park village, coextensive with Oak Park township. The remainiag three, which are in Indiana, are East Chicago city and Hammond city, both ia North 'township; and Gary city in Calumet township. Summary for the district. — ^Table 15 is a summary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, and gives a statement of the estimated population in 1914 for the Chicago Metropohtan District, for the cities of Chicago, Chicago Heights, East Chicago, Evanston, Hammond, Oak Park, and for the remainder of the district, the percentages which the figures for Chicago .represent oi the total for the district being shown for MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 319' In 1914 the metropolitan district had 10,945 manu- facturing estabhshments, which gave employment to 444,876 persons during the year and paid out $353,- 484,061 in salaries and wages. Of the persons em- ployed, 362,355 were wage eamei-s. These establish- ments manufactured products to the value of $1,734,- 736,737, to produce which, materials were used cost- ing $1,055,945,118. The value added by manufacture was therefore $678,791,619. rable 15 Population ' >Jumber of establishments Persons engaged in manufactures Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower capital .' Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Rent and taxes (including internal reve- nue) ^ost of materials i'^alue of products t^alue added by manufacture CHICAGO METKOPOUTAN DISTEICT; 1914. The district. SI, 479, 353, 101, 251, 35, 055, 734, 678, 706, 424 10,945 444,876 8,898 73,623 362,355 972, 617 115,609 484,061 600,349 883,712 657,138 945, 118 736, 737 791, 619 Chicago. 2,397,600 10,115 387,319 8,184 65,425 313, 710 681, 114 $1, 190, 068, 927 304, 031, 882 90,294,510 213,737,372 28,882,807 901,933,394 1,483,498,416 681,565,022 District exclusive of Chicago. Total. 308,824 830 57,557 714 8,198 48,645 291,503 $289,046,682 49,452,179 11,305,839 38,146,340 6,774,331 154,011,724 251,238,321 97,226,697 Chicago Heights. 19,660 V 6,018 46 684 4,288 21,002 S20,350,251 4,101,869 1, 154, 948 2, 946, 921 111,126 7,6?4,622 14,485,669 6, 801, 047 East Chicago. 25,658 58 928 7,482 44, 676 538,705,588 7,976,685 1,692,209 6,384,476 204, 044 28,684,261 41,623,788 13,039,527 Evanston. 27, 724 49 1,153 48 181 924 2,249 $2,616,841 888,889 232,681 656,208 28,143 2, 438, 678 3,984,824 1,646,146 Hammond. 3,920,854 9, 829, 143 20,684,408 10, 756, 266 $24,041, 3,763, 1,094, 2,669, Oak Park. 24,330 47 366 47 61 268 1,113 $5, 155, 238 291,119 50,595 240,524 16,062 492, 467 1,656,083 1,062,626 Kemain. der.' 187,071 496 37, 278 442 5,434 31,402 212,638 $198, 176, 929 32, 430, 029 7,181,247 25, 248, 782 2,494,102 104, 982, 663 169,004,649 64,021,986 Per cent Chicago Is of total for dis- trict. 92.4 87.1 92.0 88.9 86.6 70 80.4 86.0 88.9 84.8 81.0 86.4 85.5 86.7 1 Includes Cicero, 111., and Gary, Ind., the statistics for which can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. ' Estimated population July 1, 1914. The accompanying outline map shows the city of Chicago and the territory included in the metropoli- tan district. Digitized by Comparison with the earlier censuses. — Table 16 gives statistics for the district for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Percentages of increase are shown for the territory included in the metropolitan district for the decade and for each five-year period. Table 16 Population Number of establish- ments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . - Salaried employees. Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower.. Capital Salaries and wages. . . Salaries Wages Cost of materials Value of products Value added by man- ufacture (value of products less cost of materials) CHICAGO METEOPOLITAN DISTEICT. 12,706,424 10,945 444,876 73,623 362,355 972,617 $1,479,115,609 353,484,061 101,600,349 251,883,712 1,055,945,118 1,734,736,737 678,791,619 1909 22,446,921 10,202 393, 859 8,600 59, .335 325,924 739,229 $1,144,002,902 269, 487, 880 71, 160, 747 198,327,133 <867,725,596 1, 408, 779, 818 < 541, 054, 222 1904 8,382 296,360 7,481 40,380 247, 989 379, 666 $664,215,775 186, 165, 672 46,336,318 139,829,354 598,556,727 970,974,280 372, 417, 553 PEE CENT or INCEASE. 1904- 1911 30.6 50.1 18.9 80.1 46.1 156.2 122.7 1.9 119.3 80.1 76.4 78.7 82.3 1909- 1914 10.6 7.3 13.0 3.5 24.1 11.2 31.6 29.3 31.2 42.8 27.0 21.7 23.1 25.4 1904- 1909 21.7 32.9 16.0 46.1 31.4 94.8 72.2 44.8 63.6 41.8 45.0 45.1 • Estimated population July 1, 1914. 2 Apr. 15, 1910. 3 No population census. ■■Figures do not agree with those published because certain establishments revised their data. The relative increase in all the items for which comparative figures are given in the table was smaller during the more recent five-year" period 1909-1914 than during the period 1904-1909. For the decade the relative increase was much greater in primary horse- power, capital, and salaries, than in any other iteras. Comparative summary, by industries. — Table 17 gives statistics for 1914 and 1909, so far as separate figures can be presented, for selected industries of the district /\^fi£^^gi5^(g)'o ducts valued at $3,000,000 or more. 320 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 17 Cen- sus year. CHICAGO METKOPOLITAN DISTBICT: 1914 AND 1909. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. Pri- mary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value of products. INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried em- ploy- ees. Wage earners, (aver- age num- ber.) Value added by manufa*- ture. 1914 1909 1914 1909 10,945 10,202 444,876 393,859 8,898 8,600 73,623 59,335 362,355 325,924 972,617 ,739,229 $1,479,115,609 1,144,002,902 8101,600,349 71,160,747 8251,883,712 1198,327,133 $1,065,945,118 1867,725,596 $1,734,736,737 1,408,779,818 $678,791,619 1541,054,222 Bread and other br ''ery products. 1,440 1,278 10,935 9,257 1,538 1,351 1,386 1,183 8,011 6,723 6,715 3,899 22,283.783 20,988,156 1,623,369 1, 160, 173 5,339,314 4,373,201 18,218,589 16,983,122 35,619,681 28,146,786 17,401,092 11,163,664 Brick, tile, potter}', and other clay products. 1914 1909 27 34 3,241 3,679 9 18 274 217 2,958 3,444 13,870 14,682 11,422,684 11,167,066 447,651 312,080 2,346,827 2,901,732 1,152,471 1,377,164 5,173,466 6,035,404 4,020,995 4,658,240 1914 1909 57 62 1,767 1,416 41 60 263 189 1,463 1,177 3,032 1,470 3,904,220 2,646,101 343,398 239,014 703,320 525,217 4,864,264 3,413,459 6,972,985 5,005,292 2,108,721 1,591,833 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-rail- road companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not includ- ing operations of railroad com- 1914 1909 32 28 14,530 12,598 813 596 13,717 12,002 16,084 9,995 21,930,657 10,703,708 838,906 639,835 9,694,910 7,962,234 9,067,350 7,639,305 20,254,175 16,451,913 11,186,825 8,812,608 1914 1909 2 12 24 16,413 11,857 2 874 907 15,539 10,948 27,052 18,556 29,725,689 39,641,537 1,195,640 1,025,728 13,922,995 7,577,576 32,388,912 14,752,493 50,930,691 25,462,246 18,541,779 10,709,763 Clothing, men's and women's 1914 1909 794 2 882 47,439 45,036 899 1,084 6; 236 4,722 40,304 39,230 5,402 3,614 43,480,245 41,714,172 7,963,265 5,206,802 23,479,489 120,634,578 48,953,852 148,565,322 103,935.374 100,973,332 54,981,522 162,408,010 1914 1909 102 91 5,345 3,876 65 60 868 571 4,412 3,245 4,554 3,050 7,076,481 5,278,824 1,268,047 637,614 2,028,445 1,252,812 11,020,673 6,709,836 20,370,690 11,241,011 9,349,917 4,531,175 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts. 1914 1909 338 2 268 6,653 4,610 327 256 755 495 5,571 3,859 4,809 2,859 24,640.477 12,215,669 1,118,985 659,461 3,706,613 2,472,424 10,641,214 6,463,004 18,664,675 12,241,950 8,123,361 6,778,946 Food preparations 1914 1909 83 78 1,835 1,134 85 69 454 273 1,296 802 3,816 1,632 4,457,187 2,384,062 632,095 350,223 728,666 400,939 9,811,463 4,100,975 12,876,795 6,017,603 3,065,332 1,916,628 Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. 1914 1909 785 721 44,388 41,857 410 365 7,087 6,161 36,891 35,331 80,185 63,273 123,345,699 105,493,763 10,999,707 8,309,667 26,332,190 23,440,577 44,607,687 48,816,110 102,544,289 104,319,563 57,936,602 55,503,463 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 224 208 11,775 11,188 157 151 1,469 1,080 10,149 9,957 19,080 14,454 20,110,754 16,495,370 2,104,917 1,456,603 6,668,430 6,076,242 11,337,245 9,146,266 24,611,860 20,638,171 13,274,615 11,491,905 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. 1914 1909 24 24 2,513 2,841 22 23 180 144 2,311 2,674 7,128 6,212 14,942,269 14,485,671 312,266 242,402 1,333,140 1,417,978 12,512,061 10,787,874 15,662,742 13,243,550 3,150,681 2,455,076 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 41 48 4,845 3,498 6 2 818 • 591 4.022 2,905 22,833 15,882 42,759,873 29,741,494 1,623,283 1,157,792 4,012,612 2,391,182 7,671,742 4,967,808 29,166,259 19,712,962 21,494,617 14,745,154 Lumber and timber products 1914 1909 246 213 10, 715 11,912 142 135 1,171 1,124 9,402 10,653 27,530 26,580 19,863,220 18,344,078 1,791,567 1,476,062 6,568,799 6,291,122 17,881,538 21,250,785 30,446,006 33,569,593 12,564,467 12,318,808 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 145 127 1,751 1,748 174 134 205 146 1,372 1,468 4,421 3,107 3,197,485 ?, 777, 051 309,298 232,662 1,167,431 1,203,929 1,464,984 1,854,232 3,798,727 4,231,289 2,333,743 2,377,057 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909 51 42 6,089 7,185 19 12 704 648 5,366 6,525 6,016 5,670 26,655,273 21,348,793 1,088,589 908,446 3,557,311 3,720,625 5,834,850 6,311,560 13,923.174 14,555,463 8,088,324 8,243,893 Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. 1914 1909 277 277 2,921 3,019 152 164 1,455 1,492 1,314 1,363 1,657 2,030 5,183,234 5,379,189 1,889,576 1,512,267 790,939 633,486 3,214,172 3,223,163 10,851,426 10,376,264 7,637,254 7,153,101 1914 1909 1,632 1,466 39,646 ■ 34,950 1,191 1,130 11,458 10,195 26,997 23,625 27,018 21,481 65,818,412 49,958,455 14,406,084 10,907,660 20,609,568 15,657,361 29,765,210 21,830,421 99,114,654 76,070,564 69,349,444 64,240,143 Slaughtering and meat packing. . 1914 1909 2 58 2 67 33,826 27,147 27 66 7,095 5,017 26,704 22,064 57,318 45,629 195,174,022 115,311,628 9,260,509 5,534,973 16,541,637 11,984,893 345,521,950 285,250,405 410,709,225 325,061,657 65,187,276 39,811,252 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 910 1,102 7,152 6,936 961 1,166 747 427 5,444 5,343 1,071 783 9,946,487 10,451,273 1,066,876 716,830 3,321,340 2,864,769 8,488,992 6,827,850 21,834,368 16,919,417 13,345,376 10,091,567 All other industries .... 1914 1909 3,667 3,172 171,097 148,115 2,674 2,372 29,311 23,157 139,112 122,586 633,026 474,371 783,197.458 607,476,842 41,316,321 28,474,453 99,139,736 74,544,256 421,625,899 337,454,442 697,275,676 558,505,798 275, 649; 777 221,051,356 1 Figures do not agree with those published because certain establishments revised their figures. 2 Excludes statistics for establishments located outside the corporate limits of Chicago, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The fi.gures for these establishments are included under the head of "all other industries." There were 743 more establisliments in the dis- trict in 1914 than in 1909, the number of wage earners increased 11.2 per cent and the value of manufactures, 23.1 per cent. The greatest gain in the value of prod- ucts during this period was in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, amounting to $85,647,568. Of the industries shown in the above table, foun- dries and machine shops, steam-railroad repair shops, the construction of cars for steam railroads, the manu- facture of brick, tile, pottery, and food preparations, were the only ones which operated to any extent in that part of the district, which is outside the corporate limits of Chicago. The principal industry, of the dis- luusLiT.oi xne, ais-, ,io omit saje Digitized by Microson- ucts 100.0 Less than $5,000 79 65 53 38 267 142 145 58 34 295 33.6 27.6 22.6 16.2 100.0 37.4 38.3 15.3 9.0 100.0 207 487 1,647 6,269 1,765 324 1,196 1,979 6,232 1,732 2.4 5.7 19.1 72.8 100.0 3.3 12.3 20.3 64.1 100.0 221,090 607,292 2,370,905 11,022,582 21,792,220 336,482 1,372,370 2,775,620 9,895,307 t7, 798, 278 1.5 4.3 16.7 77.5 100.0 2.3 9.6 19.3 68.8 100.0 175,713 458,353 1,695,307 7,933,557 3,556,588 271,696 1,076,633 2,059,930 7>,353,917 3,531,357 1.7 4.5 16.6 77.3 100.0 2.5 $5,000 to $20,000 10.0 $20,000 to $100,000 19.2 $100,000 and over 2 «8.3 Butter, cheese, and condensed mile 100.0 Less than $5,000 14 97 115 41 117 29 140 96 30 118 5.2 36.3 43.1 15.4 100.0 9.8 47.5 32.5 10.2 100.0 8 91 349 1,307 2,560 17 142 246 1,327 2,383 0.5 5.2 19.9 74.5 180.0 1.0 8.2 14.2 76.6 100.0 42,637 1,081,026 4,809,379 15,859,178 10,121,497 77i289 1,519,150 4,038,145 12,163,694 7,619,586 0.2 5.0 22.1 72.8 100.0 0.4 8.5 22.7 68.3 100.0 6,714 130,639 710,755 2,708,580 3,441,082 15,442 269^319 638,169 2,708^427 2,806,890 0.2 3.7 20.0 76.2 100.0 , 0.4 $5,000 to $20,000. 7.6 120,000 to $100,000 15.2 76.7 Canning and pre- ,SERVINO 100.0 Less than $5,000. 26 27 34 30 29« 24 39 32 23 325 22.2 23.1 29.1 25.6 100.0 20.3 33.1 27.1 19.5 100.0 36 118 522 1,884 4,861 68 181 547 1,587 5,852 1.4 4.6 20.4 73.6 100.0 2.9 7.6 23.0 66.6 100.0 65,616 339,277 1,675,909 8,050,695 15,192,466 60,061 410,803 1,447,243 5,701,479 16,831,283 0.5 3.4 16.6 79.5 100.0 0.8 5.4 19.0 74.8 100.0 30,624 125,270 667,566 2,717,622 6,824,089 30,884 164,771 647,790 2,063,445 7,361,948 0.9 3.6 16.5 79.0 100.0 1.1 $5,000 to $20,000 5.9 $20,000 to $100 000 19.5 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Carriages and wag- ons AND MATERIALS. . 73.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 130 106 31 29 604 122 128 46 29 715 43.9 35.8 10.6 9.8 100.0 37.5 39.4 14.2 8.9 100.0 140 461 577 3,683 35,119 173 649 740 4,290 36, 162 2.9 9.5 11.9 75.8 100.0 3.0 11.1 12.6 73.3 100.0 334, 105 1,014,192 1,363,692 12,480,677 89,144,448 341,896 1,242,315 1,901,131 13,346,941 89,472,755 2.2 6.7 9.0 82.1 100.0 2.0 7.4 11.3 79.3 100.0 226,587 661,199 733,469 5,202,834 47,833,982 230,353 780,090 944, 169 5,397,336 44,244,475 3.3 9.7 10.8 76.2 100.0 3.1 $6,000 to $20,000 10.6 $20,000 to $100,000 12.8 $100,000 and over 2 73.4 Clothing, men's, in- CLUDINO smETs 100.0 Less than $5,000 . ... 122 218 144 foi 19 241 135 297 173 91 19 221 20.2 36.1 23.8 16.7 3.2 100.0 18.9 41.5 24.2 12.7 2.7 100.0 540 3,360 5,071 8,100 18,048 8,113 618 4,724 6,131 7,426 17,263 6,151 1.5 9.6 14.4 23.1 51.4 100.0 1.7 13.1 17.0 20.5 47.7 100.0 320,939 2,320,536 6,280,191 31,976,090 48,246,692 20,750,560 378,496 3,210,703 7,134,896 30,185,453 48,563,207 16,635,236 0.4 2.6 7.0 35.9 54.1 100.0 0.4 3.6 8.0 33.7 54.3 100.0 281,899 2,030,513 4,211,402 16,371,520 24,938,648 9,531/364 343,280 2,928,566 4,876,629 14,379,391 21,716,609 7,421,710 0.6 4.2 8.8 34.2 62.1 100.00 0.8 $5,000 to iio.otsa 6.6 $20,000 to $«)0,000 11 $100,000 to $1,600,000 $1,000,000 and over 32.5 Clothing, women's. . . . 100.0 23 50 104 64 147 21 64 94 42 140 9.5 20.7 43.2 26.6 100.0 9.5 29.0 42.5 19.0 100.0 64 403 2,236 5,410 5,009 54 616 2,164 3,327 3,799 0.8 6.0 27.6 66.6 100.0 0.9 10.0 36.0 54.1 100.0 58,880 559,729 5,030,579 15,101,362 22,138,559 54,982 740,280 4,583,649 11,256,426 12,798,077 0.3 2.7 24.2 72.8 100.0 0.3 4.4 ■ 27.6 67.7 100.0 41,164 341,712 2,482,112 6,666,366 10,043,926 44,020 508,641 2,182,099 4,687,060 5,132,679 0.4 3.6 26.0 70.0 100.0 0.6 $6,000 to $20 000. 6 9 $20,000 to $100,000 29 4 $100,000 and over 2 63 2 CONFECnOHERY 100.0 Less than 85,000 27 55 33 29 3 508 40 47 29 21 3 483 18.4 37.4 22.4 19.7 2.0 100.0 28.6 33.6 20.7 15.0 2.1 100.0 36 235 586 2,564 1,589 7,445 48 198 553 1,972 1,028 7,473 0.7 4.7 11.7 61.2 31.7 100.0 1.3 6.2 14.6 51.9 27.1 100.0 70,996 696,633 1,657,695 9,762,747 10,060,588 24,815,389 92,961 509,871 1,488,869 6,392,436 4,313,961 22,822,810 0.3 2.7 7.6 44.1 45.4 100.0 0.7 4.0 11.6 49.9 33.7 100.0 37,303 306,482 691,226 3,842,148 5,166,767 10,990,536 52,006 277, 744 668, 103 2,566,127 1,668,699 9,629,647 0.4 3.1 6.9 38.3 51.4 100.0 1 $5,000 to $20,000 ,... $20 000 to $100,000 6.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 tl 000 000 and over SCO 30.6 100.0 Copper, tin, and sheet- lEON PRODUCTS I/ess than $5,000 73 33 6 151 205 93 31 3 38.8 39.2 14-. 4 6:. 5 1.1 31.3 tit 6.4 0.6 177 3; 013 170 i;749 2.4 m 40.5 2.3 'Ml 43.6 23.4 • 600, 755 ■^ 8,157,818 10,861,229 436, 710 */^l«,922 [V3?964,658 10,078,576 6,194,944 2.0 7.6 13.8 32.9 43.7 1.9 9.4 17.4 44.2 27.1 333,071 1,175,032 1,683,980 3,625,348 4,273,105 287,382 1,321,954 2,082,118 4,284,133 1,654,060 3.0 10.7 15.3 32.1 38.9 3.0 13.7 21.6 44.5 17.2 t2n rtflO to SlOO 000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 324 MANUFACTURED— ILLINOIS. Table 20— Continued. INDUSTBT AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. FLOtTK-MILL AND GRIST- MILL PEODUCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over . . . FOTTNDKT AND MA- CHINE-SHOP P R O D - UCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . FnHNITURE AND KE- FBIQEBATOBS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... NUMBER OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. 1914 406 113 104 109 69 11 1,371 290 394 425 23S 24 1909 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 113 117 153 68 10 1,178 201 329 403 222 23 267 Leather goods 304 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Leather,tanned,cub- ried, and finished.. $20,000 to $100,000'.. $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Lumber and timber products Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... MiLLINEBT AND LACE GOODS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000.;.... $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Paints and NISHES Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Patent medicines and compounds and deug- gists' prepaeations . . Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over =. Printing LISHING. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Slaughtering and meat packing LesS'than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to 81 ,000 ,000. $1,000 ,000 and over... 146 94 46 19 28 211 i'63 158 90 102 11 28 42 21 72 363 148 109 76 2,722 1,113 880 541 176 12 29 366 180 171 91 6 74 100.0 27.8 25.6 26.8 17.0 2.7 100.0 21.2 28.7 31.0 17.4 1.8 100.0 100.0 12.0 22.3 33.6 31.1 1.1 100.0 48.0 30.9 14.8 6.3 100.0 17.1 27.9 34.2 18.8 2.0 100.0 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 12.0 25.8 31.8 29.2 1.1 100.0 12.5 44.0 28.0 16.6 100.0 100.0 32.1 50.0 17.9 100.0 31.0 51.7 17.2 100. 359 147 119 69 24 2,608 34.1 24.8 25.6 14.6 1.0 100.0 10.8 27.4 41.2 20.6 100.0 6.6 13.9 30.5 41.7 40.8 30.0 20.9 100.0 1,148 830 479 142 40.9 32.3 19.9 6.5 0.4 46.0 22.1 21.0 11.2 0.7 100.0 10.7 31.1 40.8 17.6 100.0 2,398 49 132 396 1,123 55,261 9.6 14.9 27:0 40.6 8.1 100.0 33.1 19.2 6.7 100.0 44.0 31.8 18.4 6.4 0.3 100.0 13, 766 61 347 2,170 9,340 1,858 2,325 120 303 770 1,132 2,678 1909 2,464 69 172 496 1,133 595 62,266 13,575 2,364 9,131 1,651 2,949 25 294 767 1,863 3,001 97 1,130 1,451 14,870 6.1 6.5 13 12.2 11.9 2) -13.3 21.1 43 35.7 39.4 24 32.7 22.0 299 804 3,017 7,569 3,191 3,323 27 185 870 2,241 2,110 4 20 88 1,043 965 1,844 69 247 607 1,021 32,838 1,268 3,391 7,502 14,332 6,355 31,627 4 25 66 1,006 30,636 78 1,202 1,721 16,567 ■ 568 1,012 3,980 9,197 1,810 3,328 26 211 1,026 2,066 1,792 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.2 13.0 33.1 48.7 100.0 3.6 42.2 54.2 100.0 6 17 110 997 662 1,8 57 228 601 1,083 28,644 1,433 3,465 7,085 12,388 4,273 26,705 31 134 1,249 25,285 2.0 5.4 20.3 60.8 21.5 100.0 0.8 5.6 26.2 67.4 100.0 0.2 0.9 4.2 49.4 46.3 100.0 3.7 13.4 27.5 65.4 100.0 3.8 10.3 22.8 43.7 19.4 100.0 (?) 0.1 0.2 3.2 96.5 100.0 0.5 3.0 16.4 50.6 30.6 100.0 100.0 0.8 10.0 28.0 63.2 2.6 40.1 67.3 100.0 3.4 6.1 24.0 66.5 10.9 0.8 6.3 100.0 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 0.3 1.0 6.1 56.6 37.0 100.0 3.0 12.2 26.8 57.9 100.0 $49,493,224 278,802 1,117,454 4,666,766 19,680,440 23,749,762 141,328,624 1909 32,999,567 92,345 687.834 4,994,635 22,678,421 4,646,332 7,982,276 366,826 916,017 2,210,322 4,500,111 17,509,266 459,862 6,746,012 10,303,382 42,064,008 5.0 12.1 24.7 43.2 14.9 100.0 C) 0.1 0.5 4.7 94.7 465,932 1,663,448 7,694,707 23,438,733 8,801,188 9,221,978 32. 253 289,478 1,865,646 7,034,601 24,488,449 8,392 104,456 1,060,298 11,906,312 11,408,991 16,031,607 307,921 1,114,517 3,681,506 10,027,663 112,833,427 2,838,811 8,966,146 24,821,122 45,646,472 30,660,876 489,230,324 13, 812 132, 616 666, 245 14,402,040 474,015,712 $51,110,681 284,604 1,285,941 6,942,159 22,355,864 20,242,113 138,578,993 557, 632 3,564,851 19,762,699 69,525,659 46,178,162 27,900,262 8,948,324 65,093 801, 757 2,208,911 6,872,663 14,911,782 396,526 5,876,662 8,639,704 44,951,804 717, 759 1,898,762 ■ 8,526,678 23,734,818 10,073,787 7,281,914 Per cent . distribution. 1914 1909 0.6 2.3 9.4 39.8 48.0 100.0 0.6 2.5 13.6 43.7 100. I iOC. 0.6 3.0 14.2 50.9 31.3 100.0 4.4 11.5 27.7 56.4 2.6 38.5 68.9 100.0 21,840 326, 117 1,991,063 4,942,894 20,434,291 18,999 119, 138 1,019,334 10,590,586 8,686,234 13,114,307 307,576 1,127,216 3,336,888 8,343,628 87,247,090 2,944,486 8,436,336 20,680,593 36,279,032 19,007,643 389,594,906 21,099 146,461 1,203,290 15,448,649 372, 776, 417 1.1 4.0 18.3 65.7 20.9 100.0 0.4 3.1 76.3 100.0 C) 0.4 4.3 48.6 46.6 100.0 2.0 7.4 23.8 66.7 100.0 2.5 7.9 22.0 40.6 27.1 100.0 0.4 2.6 14.3 60.2 32.6 100.0 0.3 2.8 15.2 68.5 13.1 100.0 0.7 9.0 24.7 66.6 100.0 2.7 39.4 57.9 100.0 1.6 4.2 19.0 62.8 22.4 100.0 VALUE ADDED BY M.ANUFACTUBE. 1914 $6,652,317 61,146 232,458 793,058 2,571,777 2,993,879 80,722,363 0.3 4.5 27.3 67.9 100.0 0.1 0.6 5.0 61.8 42.6 100.0 2.3 8.6 25.4 63.6 100.0 (?) 0.1 2.9 96.9 3.4 9.7 23.6 41.6 21.8 100.0 0.3 4.0 95.7 589,464 2,811,616 11,687,495 39,976,795 26,656,993 17,286,793 61,018 411,089 2,749,712 11,721,442 2,343,532 3,444,488 198,067 479, 616 936,647 1,831,258 3,591,824 116, 712 1,268,942 2,216,170 17,939,874 316,840 987,002 3,811,514 9,388,550 3,435,968 4,202,742 20,080 196,114 919,668 3,067,880 9,011,951 4,034 60,862 358, 468 4,351,655 4,236,932 9,934,728 194,001 686,971 2,333,601 6,720,155 79,555,812 1909 $5,521,110 66,764 301,997 1,133,944 2,671,742 1,446,663 74,768,805 367,899 2,245,264 11,205,059 37,442,726 23,607,857 15,399,042 3,813,354 36,318 409,648 1,109,623 2,257,865 2,781,173 100.932 1,256,168 1,424,083 17,687,608 486,855 1,112,506 4,176,086 9,666,200 2,246,961 3,484,618 12,040 204,336 1,096,276 2,171,967 7,632,680 9,770 72,665 384,322 3,765,626 3,300,397 8,701,289 2,254,453 7,036,835 19.014,184 32, 746, 643 18,504,697 77,215,741 5,604 47,513 167,207 2,269,061 74,726,356 219,700 778, 186 2,160,017 6,543,386 62,567,117 6,573,012 15,438,063 25,421,786 12,770,630 45,618,899 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.9 3.5 11.9 38.7 45.0 100.0 0.7 3.5 14.5 49.5 31.8 100.0 0.4 2.4 15.9 67.8 13.5 100.0 6.7 13.9 27.2 63.2 100.0 1.2 5.5 20.5 46.6 26.2 100.0 0.5 3.0 15.0 50.1 31.4 100.0 0.3 3.3 15.8 68.0 12.6 100.0 1.0 10.7 29.1 59.2 100.0 100.0 3.2 35.1 61.7 100.0 1.8 5.5 21.2 52.3 19.2 100.0 0.5 4.6 21.9 73.0 100.0 0.7 4.0 48.3 47.0 100.0 2.0 6.9 23.5 67.6 100.0 9,583 44,381 225,779 2,411,898 42,927,258 2.8 23.9 41.2 100.0 96.8 45.2 51.2 100.0 2.7 6.3 54.6 12.7 100.0 0.3 6.9 31.5 62.3 100.0 0.1 LO 5.1 50.0 43.8 100.0 2.5 24.8 63.7 10.5 24.7 40.6 20.4 100.0 0.1 0.5 6.3 94.1 1 Includes the groups "less than $5,000" and "$5,000 to $20,000." 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 3 Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 325 In a majority of the industries presented in Table 20 the small estabhshments — those reporting products valued at less than $20,000 — ^formed a decreasing pro- portion of the total in 1914 as compared with 1909, employed a relatively smaller mmiber of wage earners, 'and show a decline in the proportion which the value of products formed of the total manufactures of the state. The manufacture of leather goods is the only industry in the table in. which the small estabhshments show a pronounced increase in all the items. On the whole, the very large factories — those reporting prod- ucts valued at $1,000,000 and over — constituted greater proportions of their respective industry totals in 1914 than in 1909. Estabhshments of this size showed very substantial increases from 1909 to 1914 in aU items given in the table in the following indus- tries: Slaughtering and meat packing; printing and pubhshing; the flour-milling industry; the manufacture of paints and varnishes; canning and preserving; and copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. In most industries estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over show proportional increases in average number of wage earners and value of products. Table 21 presents, for 1914, for aU industries com- bined in each of the 35 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which figures can be shown, statistics similar to those given in Table 19 for the state. Table 21 1. si s- 3 WASE EARNERS. VALUE of PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Alton 76 2,662 100.0 $12,864,632 100.0 $4,260,174 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5, 000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . AtlBOEA 21 32 12 7 4 140 23 164 210 622 1,643 4,777 0.9 6.2 7.9 23.4 61.7 100.0 64,942 334,646 659,287 1,739,085 10,076,672 10,789,383 0.4 2.6 6.1 13.5 78.3 100.0 34, 667 219,096 317,801 669, 461 3,019,249 5,529,916 0.8 6.1 7.6 15.7 70.9 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to 120,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over'... Belleville 42 46 32 20 129 71 213 642 3,861 2,460 1.-5 4.5 13.4 80.6 100.0 111, 117 469,388 1,666,862 8,643,016 5,727,269 1.0 4.4 14.6 80.1 100.0 66,011 286,761 769,473 4,409,671 2,821,330 1.2 6.2 13.9 79.7 looio Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Bloominqton... 60 36 17 16 100 94 215 374 1,767 2,384 3.8 8.8 15.3 72.1 100.0 168,068 380,990 610,781 4,577,430 4,803,808 2.8 6.6 10.7 79.9 100.0 96,430 213,620 369,622 2,142,668 2,720,144 3.4 7.6 13.1 76.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and oven... 36 30 25 10 61 41 86 335 1,922 1,522 1.7 •3.6 14.1 80.6 100.0 99,670 307,381 1,218,550 3,178,307 4,683,639 2.1 6.4 26.4 66.1 100.0 69,463 181,382 694,628 1,874,671 1,537,408 2.5 6.7 21.9 68.9 100.0 Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100 J)00.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Centealia...... 7 23 18 13 30 8 13 9 69 11 84 280 1,147 237 0.7 6.5 18.4 75.4 100.0 18,280 219,041 767,800 3,578,418 767,533 0.4 4.8 16.7 78.1 100.0 11,448 141,117 363,696 1,021,147 322,281 0.7 9.2 23.7 66.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 and over 2.... Champaign 8 62 167 382 3.4 26.2 70.5 100.0 14,883 135,608 617,042 1,244,696 1.9 17.7 80.4 100.0 9,941 85,333 227,007 611,576 3.1 26.6 70.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... - $100,000 to $1,000,000. 18 26 13 3 12 94 184 92 Include 3.1 24.6 48.2 24.1 stheg 37,132 227,734 691,280 388,550 roup "$1,000, 3.0 18.3 47.6 20,869 131,286 266,161 3.4 21.6 43.5 Ml Table 31— Con. g ■WAGE EARNERS. VALtTE OF PRODUCT. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Chicago 10,115 313,710 100.0 $1,483,498,416 100.0 $681,566,022 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. Chicago Heights 2,739 3,369 2,477 1,317 213 77 2,776 16,201 41,071 108,189 146,473 T 4,288 0.9 4.8 13.1 34.5 46.7 100.0 6,876,988 36,184,617 116,241,086 387,218,841 937,976,885 14,485,569 0.5 2.4 7.8 26.1 63.2 100.0 4,639,872 22,367,985 67,537,300 194,611,067 292,408,808 6,801,047 0.8 3.S 11.6 33.5 50.3 100.0 Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000, 000 and over.. Danville 17 16 13 28 3 100 14 .70 246 2,638 1,320 2,109 0.3 1.6 6.7 61.6 30.8 100.0 41,910 166,162 601,489 9,670,499 4,106,609 5,291,160 0.3 . 1.1 4.2 66.1 28.3 100.0 24,011 93,658 289,810 4,446,814 1,947,864 2,363,004 0.4 1.4 4.3 65.4 28.6 100.0 Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over' . . . Decatur 36 28 25 12 126 40 138 366 1,666 4,003 1.9 6.5 17.4 74.2 100.0 84,208 317, 862 942,067 3,947,033 11,967,406 1.6 . 6.0 17.8 74.6 100.0 61,617 167,665 272,364 1,871,368 5,291,660 2.2 7.1 11.5 79.2 100.0 Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and oven... East St. Louis.. 36 40 28 24 125 48 175 536 3,244 5,863 1.2 4.4 13.4 81.0 100.0 91,326 446,100 1,326,622 10,094,468 26,904,666 0.8 3.7 11.1 84.4 100.0 63,204 237,524 718,810 4,272,122 9,481,139 1.2 4.5 13.6 80.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $.5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . Elgin 20 48 25 27 5 91 14 184 371 3,026 2,268 6,529 0.2 3.1 6.3 61.6 38.7 100.0 46,510 487,933 1,064,620 11,398,379 13,917,223 10,491,829 0.2 1.8 3.9 42.4 51.7 100.0 24,694 261,414 537,606 5,026,164 3,631,361 6,220,931 0.3 2.8 5.7 63.0 38.3 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over i.. . Feeepoet 23 26 24 18 63 16 114 350 6,049 2,566 0.3 2.1 6.3 91.3 100.0 66,456 258,666 1,026,461 9,160,266 7,446,977 0.6 2.6 9.8 87.2 100.0 37,194 166,368 665,629 5,451,740 3,637,367 0.6 2.7 9.1 87.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and oven.. - Galesbueg 10 22 16 15 60 16 131 235 2,186 1,362 0.6 5.1 9.2 86.1 100.0 25,676 246,682 ■766,186 6,418,434 3,192,129 0.3 3.3 10.2 86.2 100.0 16,323 148,026 390, 463 - 2,982,665 1,677,499 0.6 4.2 11.0 84.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Geantte City. . . 12 16 26 6 39 10 74 450 828 5,090 0.7 5.4 33.0 60.8 100.0 26,400 177,993 1,358,642 1,629,194 17^903,162 0.8 6.6 42.6 51.0 100.0 15,607 105,661 713,392 842,839 ^ 8,067,890 0.9 6.3 42.5 60.2 100.0 Less than $6, 000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . Jacksonville. . . 15 10 4 4 6 63 18 34 71 502 4,465 932 0.4 0.7 L4 9.9 87.7 100.0 41,249 103,684 206,132 1,561,094 16,991, 103 2,365,192 0.2 0.6 1.2 .■ 8.7 89.3 100.0 26,981 65,763 106,448 819,226 7,039,472 994,948 0.3 0.8 1.3 10.2 87.4. 100.0 Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. JOLIET .... 18 25 14 6 136 18 110 161 643 ' 4,999 1.9 11.8 17.3 69.0 100.0 45, 711 266, 619 653,947 1,499,915 30,091,415 1.9 10.9 23.6 63.7 100.0 29,654 146,042 295,536 523, 717 10,064,916 3.0 14.7 29.7 52.6 100.0 ■ Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over i . . . Kankakee 39 53 23 21 53 37 219 373 4,370 1,430 0.7 4.4 7.5 87.4 .100.0 81,027 658, 177 1,055,808 28,396,403 3,193,020 0.3 1.9 3.6 94.4 100.0 52,479 329,144 661,242 9,112,051 1,489,211 0.5 3.3 5.6 90.6 100,0 Less than $5i000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Kewaneb 10 20 14 9 31 11 100 231 1,088 2,837 0.8 7.0 16.2 76.1 100.0 27, 114 222,727 615,694 2,327,486 5,446,616 0.8 7.0 19.3 72.9 100.0 14,709 114,809 327,446 1,032,247 2,760,825 1.0 7.7 22.0 69.3 100. Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over I... Lincoln 7 12 8 4 40 7 43 102 2,686 239 0.2 1.5 3.6 94.6 100.0 14,843 132, 049 435,217 4,864,506 660,637 0.3 2.4 8.0 89.3 100.0 7,418 80,462 236,320 2,436,636 278,944 0.3 2.9 8.6 88.2 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 and over 2 Mattoon; 16 18 7 47 20 91 128 735 8.4 38.1 63.6 100.0 29,396 187,647 343,694 1,543,727 6.2 33.5 61.3 100.0 17,670 102,240 167,034 850,529 6.4 36.9 66.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to S20,000 $20,000toS100,000... 18 12 13 4 16 31 184 604 2.2 4.2 26.0 68.6 40, 734 123,432 650,241 729,320 2.6 8.0 42.1 47.2 25,519 68,01£ 294, OSS 472,90' 3.0 6.8 34.6 55.6 J the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000.' 326 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table ai— Con. i II d WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. MOLINE... . 108 5,053 100.0 $19,925,106 100.0 $9,537,763 100 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to 81 000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . Oak Park 41 30 15 17 6 47 40 87 240 1,784 2,902 268 0.8 1.7 4.7 35.3 67.4 100.0 109,302 279,501 642,620 5,761,638 13,132,045 1,555,083 0.5 1.4 3.2 28.9 65.9 100.0 77,515 179,921 354,249 2,877,724 6,048,369 1,062,626 0.8 1.9 3.7 30.2 63.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 22 14 8 3 44 13 47 66 142 634 4.9 17.5 24.6 53.0 100.0 56,769 132,824 307,106 1,058,384 9,609,500 3.7 8.5 19.7 68.1 100.0 35,892 78,066 208,789 739,879 6,637,347 3.4 7.3 19.6 69.6 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 1... Peoria 15 19 4 6 283 17 95 48 474 6,285 2.7 15.0 7.6 74 8 100.0 35,481 223,179 214,396 9,136,444 64,689,045 0.4 2.3 2.2 95.1 100.0 21,859 118,523 140,648 5,356,317 43,400,170 0.4 2.1 2.5 95.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1 000,000. $1,000,000 and over . . 74 91 69 39 10 194 99 393 1,102 3,018 1,673 3,067 1.6 6.3 17.5 48.0 26.6 100.0 226,825 985,047 3,236,529 12,142,200 48,098,444 9,556,918 0.3 1.5 5.0 18.8 74.4 100.0 153,449 601,682 1,629,547 5,206,778 35,808,714 6,122,325 0.3 1.4 3.8 12.0 82.5 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Rock Island... 63 59 46 26 106 54 283 908 1,822 1,837 1.8 9.2 29.6 59.4 100.0 139,603 679,093 2,387,837 6,350,385 6,487,859 1.5 7.1 25.0 68.4 100.0 88,132 394,611 1,167,365 3,472,217 3,076,926 1.7 7.7 22.8 67.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 1... ROCKFOBD 40 32 25 9 265 40 144 350 1,303 10,472 2.2 7.8 19.1 70.9 100.0 ■86,458 371,271 1,081,270 4,948,860 26,371,219 1.3 5.7 16.7 76.3 100.0 63,921 239,551 633,698 2,139,756 12,957,688 2.1 7.8 20.6 69.5 100.0 I«ss than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. Springfield 56 76 72 58 3 189 46 303 1,522 6,874 1,727 4,157 0.4 2.9 14.5 65.6 16.5 100.0 133,134 835, 193 3,609,328 17,553,734 4,239,830 11,769,969 0.5 3.2 13.7 66.6 16.1 100.0 89,059 494,956 1,963,260 8,676,465 1,733,948 5,888,288 0.7 3.8 15.2 67.0 13.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. -- $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . Stbeatoe 59 72 38 17 3 60 69 344 618 1,696 1,430 1,763 1.6 8.3 14.9 40.8 34.4 10O.O 148,976 866,566 1,684,509 5,149,926 3,919,992 3,886,617 1.3 7.4 14.3 43.7 33. ^ 100.0 101,313 506,584 890,269 2,738,180 1,651,942 2,124,124 1.7 8.6 15.1 46.5 28.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over'... All other CITIES * 19 22 13 6 161 34 83 260 1,386 5,334 L9 4.7 14.7 78.6 100.0 53,685 204,297 624,444 3,104,191 24,246,083 1.4 5.2 13.5 79.9 100. b 33,941 105,770 253,336 1,731,077 9,566,895 1.6 6.0 11.9 81.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. 53 62 30 11 5 47 257 450 679 3,901 0.9 4.8 8.4 12.7 73.1 145,308 653,368 1,148,101 3,275,348 19,023,968 0.6 2.7 4.7 13.5 78.5 90,880 370,563 727,866 1,529,199 6,848,397 0.9 3.9 7.6 16.0 71.6 ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ' All other cities embrace: Canton, Evanston, La Salle, and Waukegan. (Statis- tics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosure of individual operations.) In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a preponder- ance of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The three highest percentages of the total value of products reported by estabhshments in this class, 98, 95.1, and 94.8, appear for Granite City, Pekin, and Moliae, respectively. The lowest percentage, 31.2, is shown for Champaign. Digitized by Table 22 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 38 of the important industries, and for each of the 35 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which data can be given. Table 23 presents, for 1^14, percentages based on the figures in Table 22, and for 1909, similar per- centages for all industries combined and for individual industries. Of the total number of establishments for all indus- tries combined, 2,613, or 14.2 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These are comparatively small plants in which the work was done by the pro- prietors or firm members. Some of these establish- ments employed a few wage earners for a short time, but the number was so small and the period of employ- ment so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms" no wage earners could be shown. Nearly one-half of all establishments in the state employed from 1 to 5 wage earners only. The next largest group — those employing from 6 to 20 wage earners — constituted 18.8 per cent of the total. These small establishments, which together represent 68 per cent of the total, furnished employment to but 11.7 per cent of the wage earners engaged in manufactures in 1914, as compared with 12.9 per cent in 1909. The groups of establishments having more than 100 wage earners, although only 5 per cent of the total, employed 67.3 per cent of the total wage earners. The percentage of the total wage earners reported by each of the groups of establishments employing more than 100 wage earners, with the exception of the groups comprising those employing from 101 to 250, and 251 to 500, increased from 1909 to 1914; and the percentage employed in these groups of establish- ments combined increased from 65.1 to 67.3 per cent during the five-year period. The small establishments — those employing 1 to 5 wage earners — predominate in the following industries: The manufacture of bakery products, carriages and wagons and materials, copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, flour, leather goods, printing and publish- ing, and tobacco. Among the industries in which the very large establishments occur — those employing over 250 wage earners — the most important are the steam- railroad repair shops, the construction of cars for steam railroads, the manufacture of agricultural implements, men's clothing, electrical machinery, clocks and watches, the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, and the iron and steel rolling mills. Among the cities, the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Kewanee, 93.7 per cent; La Salle, 89; Granite City, 84.2; Moline, 84.1; Elgin, 79.6; and Joliet, 79. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 327 Table S2 total. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — WDUSTET AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 60 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Es- tab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). |l If ^1 as li ^1 ■0 . li 1! li li n If ■Ms 1^ li li a 2 AUindnstries 18,388 506,943 2,613 9,039 20,331 3,466 38,952 1,549 49, 761 800 56,941 671 87,771 210 72,283 94 65,657 46 3 116,247 Agiieultural implements 73 91 57 80 2,278 235 117 296 94 23 15 604 241 147 608 142 406 1,371 58 283 76 75 10 46 25 304 28 89 618 102 71 72 2,722 98 8 27 70 1,622 5,206 13,218 19,556 2,545 6,397 4,586 10,404 8,610 2.560 4,861 28,682 18,000 5,688 35, 119 8,113 5,009 7,445 16,483 2,398 55,261 2,775 13,766 2,078 3,890 3,764 3,535 15,408 2,325 2,678 5,749 14,870 3,323 8,334 2,110 32,838 31,627 3,573 2,144 3,917 7,653 98,869 408,976 1 3 5 "zih 4 6 33 2 21 3 12 50 5 69 65 2 9 8 2 23 31 12 10 1,715 99 51 175 1 1 4 113 43 68 327 46 249 565 11 65 25 33 54 92 25 35 3,512 294 142 390 2 5 9 311 126 138 700 122 503 1,478 20 180 76 84 7 25 12 24 202 61 23 50 12 1 3 226 86 33 77 39 67 353 22 77 21 19 1 8 95 312 120 329 1,890 721 262 479 178 9 46 2,837 1,112 380 778 491 627 4,108 273 928 227 213 17 91 7 23 4 27 26 27 20 19 10 5 2 141 63 22 29 23 23 179 12 50 9 13 ...... 217 760 123 873 752 906 641 686 315 162 76 4,456 2,002 652 909 693 678 5,775 450 1,716 300 436 "'212' 8 3 7 9 6 25 13 5 17 4 587 235 645 745 411 1,817 964 345 1,234 310 10 4 11 5 8 14 4 9 21 1 1,640 629 1,927 719 1,154 2,240 551 1,304 3,387 180 8 2 3 4 4 2 2,836 617 1,017 1,361 1,245 608 6 3,966 10 162 Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 2 1 2 3 1,610 624 1,440 2,024 1 1,030 Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving . . Carriages and wagons and materials . . 5 18 6 1 10 2 2 4 2 1,657 6,502 2,023 473 3,624 612 600 1,693 740 Cars and general shop construction and repauB by steam-railroad com- panies 9 2 1 8 1 2 2 1 6,869 1,603 939 6,614 696 1,249 1,320 612 6 4 2 4 11,196 13,708 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of raihoad companies. . . . Clocks and watches, including cases and materials Clothing, men's, including shirts . . . Clothing, womens 58 31 8 11 12 8 85 3 47 6 7 1 4 3 8 8 21 35 13 11 6 52 12 1 1 10 10 231 647 4,035 2,129 690 760 802 690 6,894 209 3,458 378 493 63 274 242 605 648 1,549 2,523 941 805 462 3,419 813 70 66 727 715 16,609 46,721 23 12 10 8 12 3,929 1,536 1,400 1,295 1,716 10; 413 Confectionery .... Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . . ... Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies . 2 11,307 Flour-mill and gristmill products Foimdry and macliine-shop products. Furnishing goods, men's 81 6 28 7 12,789 706 4,402 1,098 28 3 6 9,595 1,117 2,036 12 8,146 3 7,476 Furmture and refrigerators .... 1 1,047 Oas and electric fixtures and lamps Gas, illuminating and heating 1 1 2,664 Hosiery and kiiit'goodsV.' \"\][""[\ ...... ...... ....... 8 7 2 6 8 23 6 12 6 46 8 3 3 9 4 143 469 662 1,207 1,002 391 970 1,132 3,220 1,005 1,895 743 7,092 1,191 572 366 1,643 599 21,679 69,938 2 3 7 663 1,005 2,225 i 1 3 971 712 2,266 1,398 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 6 9,673 Leathergoods 51 1 2 21 2 4 789 5 177 1 4 304 26 IS 30 1,224 26 330 2 15 651 92 44 80 2,939 73 60 6 26 164 39 10 17 424 13 604 66 366 1,981 446 136 179 4,622 160 16 4 24 62 17 11 8 166 19 495 89 786 2,092 506 399 312 5,138 631 Leather, tanned, curried, and fln- 1 3 ■ 5 1 8 1 15 6 1 1 3 1 44 163 370 1,113 1,641 333 ^ 2,932 334 4,738 1,699 379 448 1,033 336 14,579 66,022 1 1 4 633 788 2,762 Liquors.malt .... Lumber and timber products Millinery and lace goods gans and materials 1 729 1 1,394 Paints and varnishes Printing and publisl^g . . 6 1 3 2 3,764 800 2,552 1,106 1 9 1,126 26,260 Slaughtering and meat packtag Smeltmg and refining, dnc Soap : 3 3 657 556 1,881 10 16 832 2,706 5,731 26 44 1,719 5,985 13,856 5 20 188 1,065 2,924 67 265 1,794 11,753 33,102 2 9 28 442 1,301 76 305 815 14,328 41,495 .... Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Tobacco manufactures 2- 17 74 1,675 11,688 52,681 ' 2 38 2,248 96,161 Total for cities 1 Alton 76 140 129 100 61 34 30 59 10,115 77 100 126 125 91 49 63 60 39 63 136 53 31 30 40 47 108 47 44 283 194 106 265 189 60 48 2,662 4,777 2,450 2,384 1,522 920 237 382 313,710 4,288 2,109 4,003 5,863 5,529 924 2,566 1,362 5,090 932 4,999 1,430 2,837 1,214 239 735 5,053 268 634 6,285 3,067 1,837 10,472 4,157 1,763 2,276 6 14 15 16 2 2 ""s 1,534 6 8 12 12 9 8 3 6 20 3 2 3 3 3 18 16 3 35 36 18 29 16 5 7 36 63 69 62 28 19 21 35 4,283 24 63 49 SO 36 27 31 21 21 33 63 23 18 18 25 29 54 24 24 117 80 47 94 107 33 24 89 165 179 120 79 32 64 85 10,251 50 122 132 131 84 70 88 38 46 85 171 66 39 45 68 50 109 53 48 343 198 111 240 266 85 64 20 36 24 18 18 8 8 10 1,231 15 23 35 34 26 9 17 25 5 16 30 16 5 6 9 9 11 2 11 70 41 28 52 38 13 5 198 389 248 203 213 84 67 101 15,658 159 231 330 400 302 77 207 301 69 157 304 171 .63 66 88 108 133 19 113 766 500 290 594 412 135 46 6 12 6 8 7 3 191 410 196 231 247 89 4 5 7 3 4 1 333 365 493 203 281 57 3 5 8 2 1 463 869 1,334 258 143 1 1 1,398 1,379 AUBOKA 4 1,220 Belleville Bloomington 1 1,369 Caibo 1 1 559 658 Canton Centealu 1 116 Champaign 5 1,035 9 9 11 12 7 4 4 8 2 3 12 3 3 1 3 3 8 4 2 28 21 5 33 14 4 6 143 33,074 356 259 324 389 268 135 139 237 68 74 387 111 75 23 83 101 246 142 69 821 682 144 1,051 442 116 182 1 489 10 4 10 6 6 63 34,072 746 264 662 393 484 " Chicago 343 10 1 ■ 6 7 4 62,226 1,658 164 869 1,122 557 118 2 1 1 2 2 40,778 736 376 381 806 874 56 1 1 2 2 39,181 684 703 1,315 1,690 27 78,570 Chicago Heights Danville Decatub East St. Louis 1 1 1,032 2 970 Elgin 1 642 Feeepoet 4 1 330 62 4 1 4 2 1 1 693 143 618 356 162 124 3 1,109 Qalesbubg 1 1 681 726 Gbanite City 1 286 2 3,278 Jacksonville 3 • 3 6 260 185 365 JOLIRT 6 2 1 1 1,832 593 332 258 1 1,968 TCAWiTAini'.ii: Kewanee 1 1 738 822 1 1,590 La Salle Lincoln Mattoon 1 4 1 2 14 13 4 33 6 1 3 99 318 54 147 1,047 1,003 294 2,437 396 77 252 2 7 377 1,079 MOUNE 4 1,246 1 826 1 1,096 Oak Paek Pekin 2 16 2 2 15 4 3 2 257 2,195 322 266 2,418 698 380 211 2 1 2 7 3 680 362 732 2,417 1,104 1 633 Qbinct Eock Island EOCKFOBD 2 1 1 1,315 939 970 Speingfield Steeatoe 1 1,521 1 StatidEi yof individual operations. 328 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 23 INDU3TEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NITMBEB. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE cent op total average NUMBER OF WAGE EABNER3 IN ESTABUSHMENT3 EMPLOYING SPECinED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Ito 6 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 600 601 to 1,000 Over 1,00« All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914- 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4.0 4.3 7.7 8.6 9.8 11.1 11.2 10.9 17.3 17.8 8.4 9.8 20.8 30.9 30.1 26.4 15.7 25.6 11.1 18.1 26.0 28.8 21.5 23.0 26.8 20.8 11.8 13.1 1.0 12.7 ' '3.7 11.2 8.8 18.9 17.0 27.9 31.6 17.4 20.6 10.4 7.2 14.3 14.3 14.5 11.0 24.2 23.3 15.9 24.4 29.7 17.9 12.0 10.6 7.1 3.1 13.0 12.4 .20.3 15.9 26.2 33.2 11.4 21.8 13.8 7.6 23.5 12.4 22.7 20.6 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 0.3 0.9 4.4 5.5 2.8 2.0 0.5 0.3 3.8 6.1 8.9 10.3 0.2 0.3 6.4 11.1 13.3 12.0 13.4 13.3 1;6 2.6 8.5 9.2 14.1 16.4 0.5 1.0 13.7 26.2 14.1 15.0 15.2 23.3 4.8 5.4 14.8 26.8 15.6 15.7 2.0 2.7 26.9 31.2 17.0 17.9 28.3 22.1 9.7 4.8 21.9 22.0 10.4 13.2 2.6 .3.3 2.0 19.7 14.6 21.7 20.8 30.2 21.0 22.7 22.5 35.2 35.9 21.6 18.8 3.8 3.6 16.0 14.7 17.1 14.7 39.4 41.1 7.8 10.0 21.9 21.9 17.1 19.4 16.1 11.0 21.0 10.0 18.4 35.2 29.6 15.8 14.4 11.5 5.4 1.0 10.6 18.0 20.9 12.2 26.4 30.1 4.4 14.8 16.9 13.7 13.7 18.6 7,8 8.7 17.5 Lumber and timber products.. . Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Agricultural implements Automobiles, Including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes^ including cut stock and flndmgs. 0.3 0.2 3.6 2.7 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 33.8 36.7 3.4 5.8 5.5 5.9 8.0 8.5 'o!i 0.2 0.2 0.9 1.0 1.6 2.3 2.8 4.2 9.4 9.3 0.7 1.5 21: b 26.7 2.7 2.2 0.7 1.4 1.3 1.3 3.6 4.1 2.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 0.5 1.0 12.3 6.5 1.9 2.1 7.2 4.7 18.2 20.6 8.4 12.2 10.2 13.5 9.9 12.1 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.7 8.1 10.1 13.7 18.4 7.6 9.0 10.4 16.2 3.0 4.9 26.1 27.8 7.4 7.3 9.8 7.5 6.7 5.4 10.9 13.7 5.5 3.4 0.5 0.4 2.6 4.9 1.1 0.9 29.9 16.9 1.9 6.4 19.0 16.1 7.2 6.0 10.5 12.3 25.0 27.9 14.1 9.2 1.1 1.4 0.9 1.9 1.3 0.4 12.7 16.1 24.7 30.2 13.0 14.0 12.2 10.0 4.2 5.5 28.3 29.1 10.5 12.1 16.2 16.0 12.5 13.8 14.4 10.2 11.2 4.3 ' 0.7 6.0 6.9 3.0 3.2 9.2 19.6 8.5 6.9 16.2 12.9 4.0 2.5 21.1 14.8 37.7 29.8 7.1 12.5 4.3 1.9 1.7 1.3 "'2.6 11.5 11.2 26.2 21.3 11.8 11.6 10.1 10.4 4.9 10.0 24.6 17.4 10.7 9.6 7.5 13.6 25.1 21.8 18.2 18.1 12.7 11.5 1.4 5.0 7.8 6.1 1.6 1.0 21.7 18.6 24.2 12.2 52.0 58.0 16.1 'io.'e 16.7 17.4 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. OauTiing and preserving Printing and publishiag Slaughtering and meat packing. Smelting and refining, zinc . . . ; . 11.5 14.2 2.5 6.1 71.4 67.3 51.6 69.1 3.4. 83.0 82.0 Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion, and repairs by steam- 34.1 28.1 22.7 17.8 11.2 15.0 8.3 7.0 10.3 11.6 7.5 10.8 12.0 29.7 22.7 19.7 4.5 4.5 1.2 L9 1.1 1.0 22.6 24.6 6.1 6.1 3.4 2.7 1.9 6.8 3.4 23.4 26.9 11.0 12.5 8.1 3.5 7.5 7.8 11.1 10.6 12.3 14.6 15.5 10.1 3.0 2.6 18.6 13.4 9.3 9.7 16.8 16.0 11.2 8.9 20.5 25.5 8.9 22.9 16.5 24.9 15.7 11.7 7.3 39.0 39.7 76.2 45.7 72.9 60.6 29.7 29.5 Stoves and furnaces, includiog gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not in- 21.9 16.6 11.7 12.1 12.9 cluding operations of railroad compames. 2.3 eases and materials. Clothing, men's, Including shirts. Totals lor cities » 23.5 Alton Clothing, women's 3.3 3.5 7.3 5.0 5.2 3.6 22.8 22.3 3.3 1.2 5.8 3.3 2.2 1.6 7.6 3.4 2.8 0.9 9.1 3.4 4.6 1.4 3.7 28.5 6.8 2.2 19.8 7.6 5.6 6.5 6.0 2.3 6.4 4.8 2.8 7.4 8.1 10.1 8.5 14.0 9.1 28.3 26.4 8.1 3.7 11.0 8.2 6.8 6.5 8.3 8.1 22.1 1.4 16.8 6.1 12.0 2.2 5.4 36.8 14.7 2.6 7.1 17.8 12.2 16.3 15.8 5.7 9.9 7.7 2.0 7.2 8.6 8.0 9.7 16.2 9.7 12.5 7.4 20.1 8.5 18.5 6.2 17.0 18.0 54.4 10.8 9.4 ■52 6 Aurora 25.6 28.9 24.9 Belleville , 57.4 Cairo 36.7 7L5 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron 17.7 3.7 6.9 ■i3.'7 68.6 69.4 products. Centealia ." 48.9 Electrical machinery, appara- Champaign 37.4 10.5 8.3 12.3 8.1 6.6 4.7 14.6 5.4 17.4 1.3 7.9 7.7 7.8 2.6 1.9 34.7 13.7 4.9 63.0 10.9 13.1 22.2 7.8 10.0 10.6 6.6 8.0 13.9 10.9 17.3 12.5 16.5 6.7 8.8 Chicago , 16.6 38.7 7.3 21.5 19.1 10.1 13.0 17.2 17.8 9.5 13.7 16.8 12.5 13.6 33.3 32.9 27.1 '69."5 26 Chicago Heights . ■ Flour-mill and gristmill prod- D ANVILLb ucts. 23.1 23.7 26.4 35.1 32.0 31.5 52.8 40.5 17.4 20.0 40.3 26.3 14.8 12.3 14.7 11.2 13.5 14.0 Decatur Foundry and machine-shop products. East St. Louis 17 6 Evanston'. Furnishing goods, men's Freeport 12.9 4.6 12.1 27.9 3.7 25.6 27.0 10.6 5.6 38.2 3.2 8.7 43.2 "i4.'2 is.'g 7.6 Furniture and refldgerators 42.7 64.4 - Granite City 36.6 41.5 11.7 21.3 Gas and electric fixtures and KLankasee lamps and reflectors. 13.4 68.5 70.9 37.1 41.6 62.8 68.3 Gas, illuminating and heating . . 26.0 67.7 8.5 17.6 14.0 34.1 15.6 6.6 7.0 16.8 20.1 36.2 37.6 La Salle 17.6 20.2 28.4 66.2 14.4 8.6 26.8 18.2 20.1 14.7 14.8 Lincoln Glass Mattoon. , 13.5 6.3 20.1 23.2 16.7 32.7 16.0 23.3 9.6 4.4 11.1 61.3 21.4 MOLINE 24.7 16.3 21.7 Oak Park Pekin 40.5 34.9 10.5 14.5 23.1 14.4 21.6 9.3 Iron and steel, steel works and Peoria 9.2 11.8 39.8 23.1 26.6 8.6 Quincy rolling mills! 14.2 8.5 0.1 0.2 26.0 17.4 2.5 3.1 0.2 21.3 26.1 3.3 4.6 EocK Island 9.3 13.8 20.7 12.6 22.6 55.0 19.9 21.8 Springpield Waukegan 66.8 J Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Statistics for Cicero can not be shown without disclosure of individual operations. Engines and power. — Table 24 shows for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. There was an increase in primary jra'Wawflmsi to 292,859 horsepower, or 28.9 per cent,^rom 190' 1914, more than half of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, now almost whoUy electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 7.2 per cent of the total pri- mary power. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased to 12.2 per cent of the total and in 1914 to 21.8 per cent of the total.- Owned power increased ^Sl^^&fBEP^^ during the decade 1904-1914 and by I4.9 per cent during the last five-year period, but rep- MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 329 resented a decreasing proportion of the total primary power at each successive census. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same estabUshments, although large, has not kept pace with that in rented power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same establishments decreased from 74.6 per cent of the total electric power in 1904 to 60 per cent in 1914. Table 24 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR HORSEPOWER. POWEE. MOTORS. Amomit. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 51,484 30,546 7,888 1,305,930 1,013,071 741,555 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 8,003 6,142 1,672 189 43,481 43,481 8,700 6,728 1,755 217 21,846 21,846 7,888 6,201 1,447 240 8 1,021,759 947,949 61,500 12,310 284,171 272,662 11,509 889,348 839, 632 37,025 12, 691 123,723 117,007 6,716 688,036 660,687 ■12,319 15,030 53,519 41,978 11,541 78.2 72.6 4.7 0.9 21.8 20.9 0.9 87.8 82.9 3.7 1.3 12.2 11.5 0.7 92.8 Steam engines and tm-bines ' 89.1 Intemal-combustibn engines 1.7 Water wheels, turbines, and motors 2.0 Rented 7.2 Electric 6.7 Other 1.6 Electric 72,094 43,481 28,.6l3. 39,278 21,846 17,432 681,474 272,662 408,812 398, 621 117,007 281,614 165,265 41,978 123,287 100.0 40.0 60,0 100.0 29.4 70.6 100.0 Rented 8,285 25.4 1 Generated by estabUsliments reporting 74.6 1 Figures tor horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. The use of internal-combustion engines increased sUghtly ditring the- decade. The horsepower of such engines, however, represented only 4.7 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the decade 1904-1914 there was a gradual decrease in the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors, which in 1904 formed 2 per cent and in 1914 nine-tenths of 1 per cent of the total primary power. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed in generating the power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 25 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Of the selected industries using anthracite coal for fuel, by far the larger proportion; 37.5 per cent of the total, was consumed in the smelting and refining of zinc. The industries consuming the largest propor- tions of bituminous coal were coke, 13.3 per cent, and iron and steel rolling mills, 11.5 per cent. Iron and steel blast furnaces consumed 72.2 per cent of the total amoimt of coke used as fuel. Table 25 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs,). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoliae (barrels). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline, (barrels). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). All industries. 219,614 14,499,282 2,689,260 4,111,366 1,831,684 Agricultural implements Baidng powders and yeast Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Carriages and wagons and mate- rials T Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-rail- road companies Cars, steam-railroad, not includ- ing operations of railroad com- Cement, Chemicals Coke, not including gas-house coke Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Glucose and starch Glue, not elsewhere specified Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases Ice, manufactured 536 613 20,523 10,107 301 1,207 553 2,815 3,184 2,200 159 6 1,429 8,722 2,264 8,601 289,849 37, 165 61,938 1/088, 663 114,255 47,874 564,195 149,472 523,632 264,457 1,931,340 52,571 59,934 65,219 79, 135 206,412 37,239 602,741 108,948 445,792 397,560 332,850 89,544 97,938 322,908 46,500 '28,'76i 1,408 185 1,592 10,608 784 7,072 131,241 21 3,180 158,945 8,856 56,063 138,369 750 322 5,049 216 66,668 1,527 1,395 6,319 558 138,612 1,794 355,214 18,189 4,970 1,726 778 96,570 491 1,939,987 286,976 60 1,501 7,346 1,326 10,661 70 "48," 945 47,037 331 326,637 233 9,267 245, 183 21, 743 12, 167 Digitizd\i bf 215 90 Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills • Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works and rolling mills.. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Malt Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Paints and varnishes : Paper and wood pulp Paving materials Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing Roofing materials Slaughtering and meat packing . . . Smelting and refining, zinc 583 123 Wire All other industries . Total lor cities 1. Alton Aurora Belleville . . . Bloomington. Cairo Canton.. Chicago. Chicago Heights. 12,678 1,640 18,120 1,099 35 340 890 5,586 5,289 82,436 11 46 27,603 137,167 142 94, 122 223 66,723 1,670,382 40,278 64,146 255,523 416,428 53,258 73,575 63,220 72,466 307,517 67, 161 290,899 72,908 52,738 1,028,935 697,047 112,409 164, 188 1,007,;'" 9,469,529 1,941,514 40,908 834 952 187,502 61,479 49,069 42,826 21,810 27,711 8,4 10,974 5,273,778 160,6321 6,308 1,168 4,212 848,078 27,693 10 50 169 1,350 337 41 5,126 962 444 70 1,044 2,670 5,433 2,418 16 3,630 333 5 9,410 23,055 23 1,'573 50,735 2,683,183 815 3,1 4,1 5,100 119 6,000 114 1,654 1,976,396 10,337 612 259,939 1,376 1,( 1,284 104 621 419,966 108,935 125 197,431 115,044 3,388,686 3,343 93 284, 196 1,053,120 138,011 4,408 133 11,986 336 6,000 5,108 2,026,970 133, 881 152 5,137 1,640 1,866 261 341 415 1,470 870,692 1,022 1 Excludirg Cicero. 330 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 25— Continued. INDU3TBY AND CITY. Danville Decatur East St. Louis- Elgin Evanston Ereeport Galesbueg Granite City. , Jacksonville . JOUET Kankakee. Ketvanee.. La Salle... Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 14 194 5,434 1,365 6,132 26 430 16 371 15,072 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 69,575 99,585 385,038 42,356 21,291 42,443 41,997 236,596 18,702 949,522 39,703 47,777 229,108 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil in- cluding gasoline (barrels). 747 4,415 6,967 2,458 355 3,421 3,028 2,811 S56 579,447 2,050 4, — 6,956 8,692 17,117 582,827 357 99 7,885 3,339 198,310 346 141 1 18,633 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 19 5,920 756 2,470 974 1,176 1,581 4,261 658 1,612 419 655 1,323 industry and city. Lincoln Mattoon. . . MOLINE Oak Park.. Pekin Peoria.. QUINCY Bock Island.. eockford. . . Springfield. Streator Waukegan.. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 20 101 90 717 165 54 591 7,455 54 67 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 4,709 15,997 68,326 11,571 85,101 422,773 60,941 21,220 138,132 155,555 184,450 232,802 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 320 318 12,106 16,826 332 4,442 4,. — 2,383 7,190 1,241 1,675 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (barrels). 14 18 41,551 96,243 156 1, 1,408 70 8,329 4,041 60,377 9,965 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 677 762 3,682 307 592 3,514 2,958 3,939 13,659 117,601 611 198 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quanti- ties and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for 11 important. industries and for power laundries in Illinois are here presented. Slaaghtering and meat packing. — This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshments only. The following table gives the quantity and cost of the principal materials and the quantity and value of the leading products reported for the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 26 materials. Total cost. Animals slaughtered : Beeves- Number Cost Calves- Number Cost SheiBp and lambs- Number Cost :.. Hogs- Number Cost All other animals, cost. Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost All other materials, cost Total value. Fresh meat: Beef- Founds Value Veal— Poimds Value Mutton and lamb — Poimds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible offal- Pounds Value Poultry and all other fresh meat- Pounds Value Cured meat: Beef, pickled and other cured- Pounds Value Pork , piclded and other cured— Pounds Value Canned goods: Beef- Pounds Value other- Pounds Value 1914 1408,895,070 1,864,982 $133,022,896 439,616 $5,685,254 4,882,940 827,342,079 7,20.5,510 S13S,.?85,276 $1,211,796 $60,686,459 $45,361,310 $485,362,180 1,000,942,830 $117, 139, 784 41,388,494 $5,474,481 197,647,411 $23,094,431 374,315,928 $43,380,794 86,524,061 $5,357,602 9,358,238 $1,708,356 32,738,293 $5,361,447 854,815,194 $110,501,961 101,160,342 $16,260,696 11, 886, 958 $1,827,168 1909 $341,347,677 2, 181, 199 $109,990,873 513,639 $4,720,290 3,892,142 $19,429,169 7,293,544 $107,716,321 (') $.15,679,430 $63,811,594 $386,365,962 1,142,920,916 $85,704,478 51,359,193 $4,781,751 157,615,125 $15,051,397 303,896,802 $30,221,023 192,514,645 $11,146,711 53,965,719 $4,676,501 720,216,994 $78,049,000 78,155,327 $9,677,618 1904 $279,854,559 2,643,028 $110,026,678 295,928 $2,097,500 3,634,216 $15,155,386 7, aw, 370 $88,459,545 $11,872 $18,977,058 $46,126,520 $317,206,082 1,376,889,532 $91,996,884 30,348,138 $2,135,486 160,511,123 $12,453,289 260,619,428 $18, 754, 198 .56,323,948 $5,346,938 78,334,416 $4, 931, 741 885,740,292 $72,754,024 73,266,797 $6,108,692 (') $4,819,452 PRODUCTS — continued. Pounds Value Lard: Pounds Value Lard compounds and substitutes: Pounds Value Oleo oil: Gallons Value Tallow and oleo stock: Pounds Value Soapstock: Pounds , Value , Stearin: Pounds , Value Oleomargarine: Pounds Value , Pounds . Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Glue and gelatin: Pounds Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Pounds . . . ; Value Calf- Number Poimds Value Sheep- Number Value Wool: Pounds Value All other products, value . 1914 $112,639,102 $16,030,339 335,695,330 $36,870,104 95,574,742 $7,978,766 6,156,607 $4,595,781 48,889,548 $3,349,702 16,633,001 7,850,3.51 $737,475 40,498,679 $5,975,688 31,421,770 $4,554,942 91,163 $2,692,831 < 19, 623, 781 < SI, 704,326 1,864,982 107,513,830 $19,235,802 298,429 4,007,169 $808,157 4,880,057 $3,927,174 14,004,038 $4,170,684 $41,725,059 1909 $113,631,970 $11,654,787 • 403,177,806 $40,592,051 (•) (•) 7,938,568 $6,694,011 44, 319, 760 $2,719,969 (•) (•) 18,739,840 $2,380,908 30,793,365 $4,413,578 (•) (•) 102,638 $2,614,087 10,806,271 $909,182 2,408,757 135,617 679 $19,372,440 3,619,577 $3,869,008 10,688,105 $4,523,534 $47,313,928 1904 $99,194,762 $7,753,799 456,577,415 $31,463,099 (•) (•) 9,143,055 $4,515,283 (•) (•) (•) (•) (•) (•) (•) (•) 191,549 $3,741,660 < 12, 463, 446 $785,658 2,766,594 164,007,637 $16,664,648 3,632,161 $2,895,359 8,653,419 $2,385,020 $27,700,862 1 Included in cost of "all other materials,' ' Not reported. to avoid disclosure. From 1909 to 1914 the total cosM^i&^^ftl^ creased $67,547,393, or 19.8 per cent, while the total • Not reported separately. Included under "all other products." * No gelatin reported. /j^ducts increased $98,996,218, or 25.6 per cent. There was a decrease of 316,217, or 14.5 per MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 331 cent, in the nximber of beeves slaughtered; 74,023 or 14.4 per cent, in the number of calves slaughtered; and 88,034, or 1.2 per cent, in the number of hogs dressed; although the cost of these animals increased as fbllows: Beeves, $23,032,023, or 20.9 per cent; calves, $964,964, or 20.4 per cent; and hogs, $27,868,- 955, or 25.9 per cent. There was an increase in both number and cost of sheep and lambs slaughtered (25.5 per cent and 40.7 per cent, respectively), while the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing ad- vanced 70.1 per cent. During the census period 1909-1914 the output of fresh, salted, and cured beef decreased 163,205,512 pounds, or 13.6 per cent, but increased $32,120,252, or 35.5 per cent, in value. The quantity of dressed veal in 1914 was 9,970,699 pounds, or 19.4 per cent, less than in 1909, but th« value of this product shows an increase of $692,730, or 14.5 per cent. The output of mutton and lamb increased 40,032,286 pounds, or 25.4 per cent, and $8,043,034, or 53.4 per cent, in value, while that of fresh, pickled, and cured pork increased 205,017,326 pounds, or 20 per cent, and $45,612,732, or 42.1 per cent, in value. In the production of canned goods there was an increase of 34,891,973 pounds, or 44.6 per cent, and in value an increase of $8,410,246, or 86.8 per cent in 1914 as compared with 1909. Lard, which is one of the largest by-products of the slaughtering and meat-packing establishments, decreased 67,482,476 poimds, or 16.7 per cent, in quantity, and $3,721,947, or 9.2 per cent, in value during this period.. This decrease is largely due to the increasing use of lard compounds and substitutes. Printing and publishing. — ^Table 27 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue of the different classes of newspapers and periodicals for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 27 PEBIOD 07 ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweeldy and tri weekly Weekly Montbly Quarterly. NUHBEB OF PUBUCATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 1,657 184 48 41 967 312 54 51 1,682 194 38 48 1,018 289 50 45 1,753 192 40 287 50 36 AGGBEOATE CIBCULATION FEB ISSUE. 1914 25,101,616 2,620,661 1,635,121 104,369 6,216,667 10,242,371 3,828,606 453,821 1909 20, 823, 166 2,323,913 1,616,506 138,165 5,008,590 9,492,099 1,967,558 276,335 1904 16,542,740 1,954,329 1,442,721 177,213 4,592,043 6,344,791 1,898,000 133,643 Illinois ranks second in number and in circular tion of all classes of pubhcations combined; third in number and in circulation of dailies; second in number and third in circulation of Sunday papers; second in number and in circulation of weeklies; and second in nimaber and in circulation of monthly publications. While the gain in aggregate circid^tionf-yfeM^lftM to 1914 was 4,278,450, or 20.5 per cent, "the aggregate number of pubhcations decreased 25, or 1.5 per cent. The increase in the circulation of the daihes was 296,748, or 12.8 per cent; of the Sunday publications, 18,615, or 1.2 per cent; of the weekhes, 1,208,077, or 24.1 per cent; of the monthly publications, 750,272, or 7.9 per cent; and of the quarterhes, 1,861,048, or 94.6 per cent. In number and circulation of publications printed in foreign languages, Illinois is outranked only by New York. Table 28 gives the number and circula- tion of such pubhcations in 1914, 1909, and 1904, by periods of issue, compared with those pubhshed in the English language. Publications partly in English and partly in a foreign language are included with foreign. Table 28 FEBIOD OF ISSUE. Total. Daily and Sunday . . . Semiweekly and tri- weekly. Weekly Monthly Quarterly Another Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Num- ber. 1,657 1,682 1,753 232 232 967 1,018 i,r- 312 289 287 54 60 50 51 45 Aggregate circola- tlqd per issue. 25,101,616 20,823,166 16,542,740 4,255,782 3,940,419 3,397,050 104,369 138, 165 177,213 6,216,667 5,008,590 4,592,043 10,242,371 9,492,099 6,344,791 3,828,606 1,967,558 1,893,000 453,821 276,335 133,643 m ENGLISH. Num- ber. 1,476 1,509 1,604 189 201 201 30 34 874 923 1,008 294 267 271 46 44 47 43 40 28 Aggregate circula- tion per issue. 23,120,799 19,365,799 15,358,385 3,704,564 3,464,495 3,003,160 52,772 61,965 123, 133 5,235,530 4,448,973 4,048,729 9,956,945 9,239,890 6,240,866 3,800,056 1,885,266 1,850,800 370,932 265,210 91,697 IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. Num- ber. Aggregate circula- tion per 181 173 149 1,980,817 1,457,367 1,184,355 551,218 475,924 393,890 61,597 76,200 54,080 981, 137 659,617 643,314 285,426 252,209 103,925 28,560 82,292 47,200 82,889 11, 125 41,946 There were 8 more publications in foreign languages in 1914 than in 1909 and the circulation of this class increased 523,450, or 35.9 per cent. The increase in number was limited to the daihes and Sundays and to "all other classes," but the gain in circulation extended to the dailies and Simdays and to the weekly, monthly, and "all other classes." Fifty-one publications were in the German language, and 7 in German-English; 32 in Swedish; 21 in Bohemian; 19 in Pohsh; and 9 in Yiddish. Other foreign language publications were: Italian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, and Danish-Norwegian each 5; Danish, Serbian, and Slovenian each 3; Bulgarian 2; EngHsh-Swedish 2; and French, Hungarian, Croatian, Dutch, Flemish, Greek, English-Norwegian, English-Spanish, and Eng- lish-German-Bohemian-French-Spanish each 1. Publications devoted to news, politics, and general reading — that is, newspapers, whether published daily, Sunday, weekly, semiweekly, or triweekly — numbered 1,094 in 1914, a decrease from 1,169 in l\^W^^ft^ circulation was reported to be 6,593,540, a gam oT 700,113, or 11.9 per cent, over the circulation 332 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. in 1909. Those devoted to topics of religion num- bered 153, compared with 123 in 1909, and their circulation increased 1,912,813, or 49.4 per cent. Publications devoted to agriculture, stock raising, etc., also showed a marked increase in circulation. Iron and steel, blast furnaces and steel works and rolling mills. — ^A large proportion of the pig-iron product of the blast furnaces is used in cooperating steel works, hence there is considerable duplication in cost of materials and in value of products between the separately classified industries. Considered as a combined industry, the state ranks third among the states in number of wage earners employed and in value added by manufacture, being exceeded only by Pennsylvania and Ohio. The industrial depression of 1914 accoimts for the decreases in many of the items of the following tables. Blast furnaces. — The following table shows the quantity and value of pig iron produced in the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 39 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $25,861,528 $38,299,897 $27,330,836 Pig iron: Tons (2 240 pounds) . . 1,843,333 1(25,360,306 $501,222 1,024,181 603,871 315,281 1,227,933 600,629 14,771 2,468,772 $38,299,897 1,660,610 $25,508,271 $1,822,565 1,424,030 Pig iron, classified by grades, tons: 1,805,718 352,381 310,673 1,731,870 444,179 292,723 52,658 All other, foundry, malleable, spie- geleisen, ferromanganese, direct castings, etc . . . 183,922 Delivered in molten condition Mflchinft c}SiSt 660,972 782, 646 216,992 In 1914 a small amount of iron was mad-e with mixed bituminous coal and coke, the balance being coke iron, whereas, in 1909 it was all coke iron. Of the toal production in 1914, 1,453,860 tons, or 78.9 per cent was for consumption ia the works of the produc- ing company, and 389,473 tons, or 21.1 per cent, was for sale. In 1909, 87.2 per cent of the output was for consumption and 12.8 per cent was for sale. The furnaces of the state run chiefly on Bessemer iron, although relatively there is shown a large de- crease for this grade. Bessemer constituted 55.6 per cent of the total in 1914, as compared with 73.1 per cent in 1909, and 85.8 per cent in 1904. Basic iron, on the other hand, which constituted but 3.2 per cent of the total in 1904, formed 14.3 per cent in 1909, and 27.3 per cent in 1914. There were 17 active furnaces in 1914 of 7,351 tons daily capacity and 7 idle furnaces in active establishments of 2,903 tons daily capacity. Steel works and rolling mills. — Table 30 shows the quantity and cost of the principal materials and the statistics for products reported by the steel works and roUing miUs of the state for 1904 to 1914. In addition to the scrap shown duced and charged back into the over 350,000 tons of scrap. The steel production in 1914 aggregated 1,767,858 tons, comprising 1,664,335 tons of ingots and 103,523 tons of castings. Open- hearth steel constituted 50.3 per cent of the total in 1914, Bessemer steel, 49.1 per cent, and crucible steel and electric steel the remainder. In 1909 the corresponding proportions were open-hearth steel 38.3 per cent, Bessemer steel 61.2 per cent; and in 1904, Bessemer formed 76.8 per cent of the total. Table 30 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. Total cost... $39,938,064 $56,244,463 $38, 649, 762 Pig iron, including ferroalloys: Tons . .. 1,637,922 $24,026,163 290,888 $2,986,465 297,560 $6,609,061 $3,883,907 $2,432,468 $64,995,121 2,433,805 $36,686,448 278,874 $3,i996,891 280,727 $6,357,611 $3,598,585 $5,604,928 $86,608,137 1,446,299 Cost $19,282,069 Scrap, including old rails not intended for reroUing; i Tons... 499,533 Cost $6,202,392 Ingots, blooms, billets, slabs, muck and scrap bar, and sheet and tin-plate bars: Tons 220,672 Cost $6,343,045 $3,308,460 All ntiipr TTiHtfir'ft^s , $4,513,806 PRODUCTS. $60,021,925 Rolled, forged, and other classified prod- ucts: Tons... - 1,901,330 $58,695,178 $6,299,943 2,644,191 . $78,841,720 $7,766,417 1,657,885 $52,809,666 All other products, including value added to roUing-miU products by fur- $7,212,259 ^MMmi^m^Mi 1 Including scrap transferred to the establishment reporting from other works of the same company. The leading rolled products in 1914, in order of tonnage, were wire rods; bars and rods, including spike, chain and bolt rods, horseshoe bars, etc., and rods for reinforced concrete; structural shapes; plates and sheets; and rails. In 1909 rails were in the lead and structural shapes third. Agricultural implements. — lUinois is the leading state in the manufacture of agricultural implements, its output in 1914 representing about two-fifths of the value of the total production of the entire country. The following table shows the value of the different classes of agricultural implements manufactured in Illinois in the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 3 1 Products, total value. Planters and seeders Plows and cultivators Harvesting implements Seed separators All other agricultural implements. All other products Amoimt received for repair work. . 1914 $65,337,663 3,654,223 17,663,276 27,177,513 2,183,640 7,560,021 6,821,321 287,669 1909 $57,268,325 14,142,234 115,961,417 22,417,070 1,847,026 • 12,528,686 371,893 1904 $38,412,462 2,998,075 12,273,939 16,874,413 915,095 5,167,368 183,562 1 Figures do not agree with those published because one establishment revised its report. The total value of agricultural implements manu- facttired in 1914 was $65,337,663, as compared with $57,268,325 in 1909, and $38,412,452 in 1904, an ,4.1 per cent for the last five years, as Ith a gain of 49.1 per cent from 1904 to MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 333 1909. Harvesting implements, constituting 41.6 per cent of the total value of aU implements in 1914, included mowers and reapers to the value of $23,- 462,046, and hay rakes and tedders to the value of $1,862,753. Plo-ws and cultivators, representing 27 per cent of the total value of products reported for the industry in 1914, show an increase of 10.6 per cent over 1909 and of 43.8 per cent for the decade 1904-1914. The total value of products for each census includes a considerable amount of subsidiary products made by estabhshments which are engaged primarily in the manufacture of agricultural imple- ments. In 1914 such products amounted to $6,821,- 321, of which $1,290,669 represented the value of wagons, $1,322,003, the value of engines, and $4,- 208,649, the value of other products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Wheat flour was the chief product for this industry in 1914, forming 64.5 per cent of the total value. There were 253 mills in the state grinding wheat to some extent, and of this number, 12 each produced 100,000 barrels and over during the year 1914, The following table gives the quantity and value of products in detail for the year. Table 32. Products, total value . Wheat flour: Barrels Value Rye flour: Barrels Value Biickwheat;flour: Pounds. Value Barley meal: Pounds Value Com meal and com flour: Barrels Value Hominy and grits: Pounds Value Bran and middlings: Tons Value Feed and oflal: Tons Value All other cereal jiroducts, value . All other products, value 1914 $49,493,224 6,643,983 $31,904,077 146,432 $635,985 736,805 $24,237 600, 515 $1,942,702 154,209,222 $2,293,856 270,754 $6,184,864 242. 201 $5, 993; 094 $157,097 $357,312 1909 $51,110,681 6,386,547 $33,992,494 116,925 $539,732 $54,842 110,400 $1,560 738, 864 $2,168,824 221,177,853 $3,224,171 475,852 $10,766,280 $268,946 $93,832 1904 $39,892,127 5, 954, 680 $27,619,401 77,309 $279,992 2,055,372 $62,210 1,272,000 $20,220 1, 068, 286 $2,319,104 239,728,156 $2,551,096 406,411 $6,981,550 $58,554 Illinois was fourth among the states in the quantity and value of products reported for the flour-miU and gristmill industry in 1914. The decrease in the total value of products from 1909 to 1914 is 3.2 per cent, but an increase of 24.1 per cent is shown for the last decade. Wheat flour increased in production from 1909 to 1914, 257,436 barrels, or 4 per cent, but in value a decrease of 6.1 per cent is ^hown. Eye flour increased in value 17.8 per cent, and bran and middlings, including feed and offal, 13.1 per cent. Com meal and com flour decreased in value 10.4 per cent, and hominy and grits, 28.9 per cent. The equipment of the mills in the state in 1914 was 2,056 stands of rolls, 196 runs of stone, and 290 attrition mills. Fifty-one estabhshments made their own barrels. Digitized by -The quantity and cost of the principal ma- terials used and the quantity and value of products reported for the last three census years by estabhsh- ments in the classified industry are shown in the fol- lowing table: Table 33 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS.' Totalcost... $15,252,893 $13,948,160 $9,345,061 Tallow, grease, and other fats: Pounds , 77,759,488 $4,736,142 2,550,332 $1,903,059 1,927,981 $917,258 16, 272, 793 $419,697 21,169,801 $292,520 9,719 $304, 430 14,984 $216,954 $6,462,833 $24,919,259 54,546,522 $3,225,011 2,174,700 $1,084,613 1,565,800 $576,624 18,272,898 $423,829 21,403,551 $511,907 8,022 $335,312 15,640 $288,647 $7,502,217 $20,212,509 79,134,570 Cost $3,573,202 Coconut and palm-kernel oil: 1,009*930 Cost..; $438,644 Cottonseed oil: Gallons ,. . 8,356,680 Cost $2,515,047 Eosin: 18,667,593 Cost $303,456 Foots: Pounds 13,367,007 Cost $256,068 Caustic soda: 10,186 Cost $364,256 Soda ash: 9,715 Cost $148, 109 All other materials, cost $1,746,279 PEODUCTS. Total value. . The soap industry $21,420,035 $3,499,224 337,886,000 134,026,000 2,763,000 6,934,000 46,514,000 71,702,000 27,972,000 47,975,000 $17,904,726 8,329,000 $205,759 $111, 782 1,197,850 $217,737 5,242,896 $1, 124, 704 $522,630 $4,831,921 $20, 180, 799 $31,710 254,017,000 168,717,000 2,070,000 4,050,000 32,888,000 56,009,000 } 283,000 $13,066,420 10,292,000 $216,031 $36,002 6,256,607 $876,871 1 $6,017,185 $14,156,708 (2) Subsidiary soap products from other industries. Hard soaps: Quantity, pounds 197,983,351 Olem (2) (2) Toilet ... (2) l'^) Soap chips... { P> Another... Value $8,671,921 Soft soap: 567, 153 Value $39, 433 Special soap articles (2) Glycerin: Crude- Pounds Reflned— , 3, 721, 609 $379,863 Value .. Perfumes and toilet preparations, value. $5,065,491 1 Not Including those consumed in soap manufacture in establishments making subsidiary soap products. 2 Figures not available. The total production of soap in 1914, made by estab- hshments manufacturing soap as a chief product, was valued at $24,919,259, as compared with $20,212,509 in 1909, an increase of $4,706,750, or 23.3 per cent. The large increase in subsidiary production in 1914, as compared with 1909, is due to variance in method of reporting the soap departments of some concerns, they being reported as separate establishments at one census and in conjimction with other manufacturing operations at the other census. The quantity of hard soaps manufactured was nearly 84,000,000 pounds, or 33 per cent greater in 1914 than in 1909, and the value increased $4,838,306, or 37 per cent, in the five-year period. Soft soap shows a decrease of 19.1 per cent in quantity and 4.8 per 334 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. The statistics in regard to materials consumed are confined to those reported by estabhshments that made soap as a chief product. Approximately 20 per cent of the hard soap and 32 per cent of the soft soap, in 1914, was produced by estabhshments in other lines of manufacture that made soap as a subsidiary product and did not report the materials consumed. Itlusical instruments, pianos and organs and materi- als. — ^The number and value of the different kinds of pianos and organs manufactured in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown m the following table. Table 34 1914 1909 . 1904 $19,705,601 $19,178,328 $13,323,358 Pianos; 93,626 $14,562,820 74,023 $9,588,328 18,870 $4,688,789 733 $285,703 13,095 $1,448,429 589 $908,386 12,606 $540,043 $2,909,667 $784,685 108,283 $14,783,394 103,433 $13,226,811 4,470 $1,419,660 380 $136,923 28,798 $1,281,415 154 $307,632 28,644 $973,783 $2,820, 575 $290,944 74,137 $9,696,142 Value Upright— Without player attachment- Value $9, 605; 681 25 For or with player attachment — Number . . Value $8,760 Grand— Without player attachment — Value $81,711 55,759 $1,969,543 140 Organs: Number Value Pipe- Number Value . $230,323 55,619 $1,739,220 $1,085,998 $571,675 Beed- Number . . Value Parts, materials, and supplies, value The combined industry shows a substantial gain during the decade 1904-1914 but an increase of only 2.8 per cent from 1909 to 1914. While the produc- tion of upright pianos without player attachments decreased from 103,433 instruments, valued at $13,226,811, in 1909 to 74,023 instruments, valued at $9,588,328, in 1914, the loss is partly offset by the marked increase in both number and value of upright pianos with player attachments. In 1904 but 25 pianos of this type, valued at $8,750, were reported, whereas in 1909 there were 4,470, valued at $1,419,660, and by 1914 the number had increased to 18,870, val- ued at $4,688,789. Grand pianos without player at- tachments also show a considerable increase, the num- ber and value of this class more than doubled during the five years 1909 to 1914. Included with the 733 grand pianos reported for 1914 are a few with player attachment, for which separate statistics can not be shown without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. A small number of automatic pianos are also included with the classes shown for a similar reason. Although there were less than half as many organs manufactured in 1914 as in 1909 their value ad- vanced 13 per cent during that interval. The increase in value is traceable to the more extended manufacture in recent years of the high-priced pipe organs. For this class of instruments there were reported in 1 909 but 154, valued at $307,632, while in 1914 them werfimamifac- tured 589, valued at $908,386. Included with this class of organs are some few orchestrions, data for which are omitted in order to avoid disclosure of individual operations. For similar reasons the value of the perforated music rolls are included in "all other products." Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — The following table gives in detail the quantity and value of the products of the industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 35 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $21,792,220 $17,798,278 $13,276,633 Butter: Poimds 27,332,293 $7,962,297 15,404,541 $4,609,095 11,927,752 $3,453,202 11,966,350 $1,073,690 6,377,947 $712,842 4,090,100 $590,024 283,173 $20,435 2,027,259 $102,383 167,425,094 $11,256,447 58,857,984 $4,937,077 51,823,065 $3,052,538 56,744,055 $3,266,832 $690,162 $96,782 24,570,976 $7,088,414 14,767,503 $4,215,191 9,803,473 $2,873,223 11,496,133 $1,274,796 4,799,235 $520,486 2,919,897 $398,397 561,028 $58,005 1,318,310 $64,084 114,600,748 $8,437,627 48,240,262 $4,468,085 66,260,496 $3,969,542 • $398,754 $76,201 27,319,925 $6,750,312 20,466,655 $4,290,377 6,873,270 $1,459,935 2,192,048 $179,071 6,301,211 $426,026 Value Packed solid- Prints or rolls- Pounds Value Cream sold: Value Cheese: PniiTldS Value Full-cream— Value Parl>cream— PniiTirif; 6,301,211 $426,026 Value Skimmed and other kinds — Value •. Condensed milk: Value $6,674,734 47,611,291 $3,416,927 Sweetened— Pounds Value Unsweetened— Value Evaporated- 45,913,761 $3,257,807 Value All other butter, cheese, and condensed $233,729 $12 661 Of the total value of products reported for the industry in 1914, butter constituted 36.5 per cent, cheese 3.3 per cent, and condensed mUk 51.7 per cent. The manufacture of casein, powdered milk, and sugar of milk has also assumed some importance in the state during the past few years, but figures for these products can not be shown separately without disclosure of individual operations. The industry as a whole shows an increase of $8,515,687, or 64.1 per cent, in value of products during the decade 1904 to 1914. The increase in the value of butter manufactured was 38.5 per cent; that of cheese, 67.1 per cent; and that of condensed and evaporated milk, 68.6 per cent. It wiU, therefore, be seen that the increased activity in the manufacture of condensed milk accounts very largely for the increase in the total value of products for the industry. Illinois has long been one of the leading states in the con- densed-milk industry, having been second only to New York for a number of years. In 1914, however, the state ranked first in the manufacture of this product. The progress of the industry during the 10 l/^rrn^nWfR) ^^ ^^ *^^^^ represents a steady growth MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 335 from census to census. There were 34 condensed- milk factories in the state in 1914, as compared with 27 in 1909, and 15 in 1904. During the five-year period 1904-1909 the value of products advanced 26.4 per cent, and from 1909 to 1914 increased 33.4 per cent. While the manufacture of sweetened con- densed milk shows an increase of 23.9 per cent in quantity and 44.5 per cent in value during the decade, the greatest advance has been in the manufacture of imsweetened and evaporated milk, which shows a .gain of 136.5 per cent in quantity and 94 per cent in value. The quantity of butter manufactured shows -a decrease of 10.1 per cent during the five-year period 1904-1909 but a gain of 11.2 per cent from 1909 to 1914, so that for the decade there was a s'ight increase. Butter "packed solid" — that is, put up m firkins or tubs — shows a decrease of 5,062,114 pounds, or 24.7 per cent, for the decade, whereas that put up in ' prints or roUs" shows an increase of 5,054,482 pounds, or 73.6 per cent. -The manufacture of cheese decreased 501,976 pounds from 1904 to 1909 but increased from 1909 to 1914 by 33 . 4 per cent. The progress of the industry during the decade 1904-1914 is represented by an increase of 27.4 per cent in pounds and of 67.1 per cent in value. Boots and shoes. — The following table shows the number of pairs of the various kinds of footwear man- ufactured in Illinois in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 36 KIND. NUMBEB OP PAIKS. 1914 1909 1904 Total number of pairs . . 8,292,659 8,295,805 6,143,462 7,370,553 3,934,629 1,058,239 1,625,866 751,819 246,835 49,140 197,695 545,169 130,102 6,893,731 4,018,016 1,270,520 1,034,470 570,725 274,697 112,900 161,797 1,002,277 125,100 5,736,197 3,463,185 691,165 887,707 694,140 261,265 43,099 218,166 146,000 Boys' and youtlis' Misspsand childr*^Ti's ftmen's, misses, and children's.... Infants'shoes and slippers All other footwear 1 Not reported separately. The manufacture of footwear in Illinois shows a slight decrease since 1909, but there was a substantial gain in the industry during the decade 1904-1914. The decrease in the production of men's and boys' boots and shoes was more than offset by the increased production of women's, misses', and children's shoes, so that the total number of pairs of boots and shoes made in 1914 was 6.9 per cent more than in 1909. The manufacture of slippers decreased 10.1 per cent from 1909 to 1914 and 5.5 per cent from 1904 to 1914. The decline in the output was confined to slippers made for men and boys and youths, since those made for women and misses and children in- creased 22.2 per cent during the period 1909 to 1914. The number of infants' shoes and si from 1,002,277 pairs in 1909 to 645,169 pairs in 1914, or by 45.6 per cent. The following table classifies the various kinds of footwear made in Illinois, by method of manufacture. Table 37 Cen- sus year. NUMBEB OP PAIES, BY METHOD OP MANUPACTUEE. KIND. Total. Welted. McKay. Turned and wood or metal fas- tened. Boots and shoes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 7,370,553 6,893,731 3,715,554 3,310,544 .3,454,942 3,174,420 200,057 408,767 Men's 3,934,629 4,018,016 1,058,239 1,270,520 2,377,685 1,605,195 3,212,273 3,127,767 15,710 487,671 182,777 540,674 630, 755 1,042,529 1,170,688 1,871,739 1,372,977 181,682 Boys' and youths' Women's, misses', and cliildren's. . .'. 259,494 "'99,' 832 18,375 49,441 246,835 274,697 .545,169 1,002,277 130,102 125,100 36,446 45,540 236,292 448,338 200,429 211,722 9,960 Infants' shoes and slippers . . . 17,435 308,877 553,939 5,000 125,100 All other footwear.. . 125,102 ^ Included in "turned and wood or metal fastened." Of the total output of boots and shoes in 1914, a slightly increased proportion, 50.4 per cent, as com- pared with 48 per cent in 1909, were welted. The McKay type represented practically the same propor- tion at the two censuses, 46.8 per cent and 46 per cent, respectively. In the manufacture of men's shoes, the leading class of footwear in Illinois, the welted process was employed in 81.6 per cent of the production, as compared with 77.8 per cent in 1909. The majority of boys' and women's and children's shoes were McKay sev^ed. Slippers of all kinds also were chiefly made by the McKay method; infants' footwear was divided between the welted and turned types, 43.3 per cent being welted and 56.7 per cent turned. The "all other footwear" was practically all McKay. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Table 38 gives the quantity and cost of the principal materials used and the quantity and value of the various prod- ucts for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The total cost of materials used in 1914 shows aa increase of 14.7 per cent since 1909 and 70.3 per cent since 1904. There was an increase of 34.4 per cent in the number of cattle hides treated and of 49.9 per cent in their cost in 1914, as compared with 1909. The number^f calf and kip skins tanned and finished in 1914 was a decrease of 37.3 per cent over 1909, and the amount expended for this class of materials was 20.5 per cent less in 1914 than in 1909. Sheep and lamb skins show a steady decrease from census to census, in. both number and cost. All other raw stock consist- ing of horsehides, goatskins, pigskins, etc., increased in value at each census. The value of products in 1914 was $17,509,256, an increase of 17.4 per cent over the value reported in ViflSiffOStl^© leather constituted 29.8 per cent of the 336 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. total value of finished products and calf and kip skins 34 per cent in 1914, the former showing an increase compared with 1909, and the latter, a decrease. Com- paratively few sheepskins are treated in this state, and the number and value reported show a steady de- crease. "All other leather" covers finished spUts, horse, case, bag, strap, harness, upper, rough, skirting, patent, glove, sole, suspender, upholstery, and other leather. An unusually large number of items are in- cluded in this class in 1914 in order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Table 38 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $13,917,432 S12, 130, 609 $8,173,788 Cattle hides: 892,256 $5,786,640 1,885,276 $4,399,144 1,069,914 $774,399 $1,221,598 $160,482 $1,575,169 $17,509,256 663,928 $3,859,429 3,008,616 $5,532,850 1,562,628 $922,466 $436,138 $151,707 $1,228,019 $14,911,782 707,441 Cost $2,537,379 Calf and kip skins: 2,291,546 $3,378,153 Sheep and lamb skins: 2,065,943 Cost $1,075,737 $117,873 Fuel and rent of power, cost $76,664 $987,982 PRODUCTS. $10,758,196 Leather: Cattle side upper- Sides 1,196,277 $5,216,713 1,868,815 $5,953,430 683,978 $437,609 $5,123,801 $777,703 932,482 $3,058,427 2,926,674 $7,071,221 1,142,669 $716,605 $3,487,921 $577,608 364,950 Value $828,060 Calf and Mp skins- 2,293,950 Value $4,741,324 Sheep and lamb skins — Number 1,696,713 Value . . $964, 099 $3,472,231 $752,482 Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for aU manufactuxiug industries. Table 39, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Illinois for 1914 and 1909. Table 39 Number of establishments Persons engaged in the industry Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages, Salaries Wages Paid for contract work ■Rent and taxes (includingintemalTevenue) Cost of materials Amount received tor work done POWEE LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 461 12,470 437 1,029 11,004 13,472 401,995 624,805 150,466 474, 339 82, 215 378,047 638, 683 846,432 1909 448 10,916 470 741 9,705 10, 780 S5, 540, 003 5,035^652 718, 986 4,316,666 8,064 283, 864 1,721,845 10,049,446 Per cent of in- crease, 1 1909- 1914. 2.9 14.2 -7.0 38.9 13.4 25.0 51.7 31.6 60.0 26.8 919.5 33.2 53.2 27.8 number of wage earners, 13.4 per cent. Establish- ments owned by individuals reported 25.6 per cent of the receipts for work done; those owned by corpora- tions, 58.4 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 16 per cent. Table 40 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or nearest representative day, iand the percentage which this number represents of the great- est number employed in any month of the same year. J A minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease. . In 1914 Illinois ranked third among the states in amount received for work done and second in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows increases over 1909 in all the items given, except pro- prietors and firm members. The amount received ^^ for work done increased 27.8 per cex£HgitilOdeb^el^lCrOSOft'& Table 40 WAGE EARNERS. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 10,959 10,869 10,964 11,094 11,267 11,378 11, 147 11,084 10,976 10,856 10,769 10,705 9,288 9,369 9,425 9,522 9,741 9,862 10,042 10,141 10,008 9,718 9,657 9,686 96.3 95.6 96.4 97.5 99.0 100.0 98.0 97.2 96.5 95.4 94.6 94.1 91.6 Februarv . 92.4 March 92.9 93.9 M^y 96.1 97.2 July 99.0 100.0 SeDtember. . 98.7 96.8 95.2 December 95.5 Table 41 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laimdries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 41 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. 949 599 13,472 10,780 25.0 Owned 341 325 13 3 608 608 328 304 23 1 271 271 11,193 11,037 134 22 2,279 2,204 75 9,,680 9,494 171 15 1,100 1,044 56 '. 15.6 . 16.3 Internal combustion Water wheels, turbines, and mo- ■ -21.6 46.7 Eented 107.2 111.1 other 33.9 Electric 1,010 608 402 467 271 196 3,371 2,204 1,167 1,986 1,044 942 69.7 111.1 Generated by .establishments report- 23.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. Table 42 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 42 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- -1914. Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs 4,305 164,198 667 630 73,843 12,854 126,068 551 2,172 47,655 -66.5 Bituminous coal 30.2 21.1 -71,0 1,000 cubic feet 55.0 ^ A minus sign (— ) denotes dec^e£^se. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 337 GENERAL TABLES. Table 43,gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of iproduets, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhab- itants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 44 presents, for 1914, for the state as a whole and for cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown with- out .the disclosure of individual operations; and with the exception of Cicero, for the cities having frond 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all industries com- bined. Table 43.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. nroUSTHT AND CITY. Cen- ,sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary , horse- power. Cost ot mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. DJDUSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agricultural Imple- ments. Artificial stone prod- ucts. Autpmobiles, ^eluding bodies and parts. Babbitt metal and solder Bags, other than paper. . Baking powders and Belting, leather.. Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- Boxes, cigar, . .■ : '..'. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass, bronZ^',' ^nd cop- per products. ' Bre^and other bakery jiroducts. Bridk, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms.. Brushes. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Buttons. Canning and preserving 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909' 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 18,388 18,026 14,921 73 79 82 420 366 27 91 65 12 12 19 12 9 6 11 10 73 58 38 57 53 52 18 18 17 80 61 50 75 79 158 2,278 2,099 1,406 235 379 480 32 32 (?) 267 295 405 31 28 22 ni7 118 125 506,943 465,764 379, 436 1,305,930 1,013,071 741,555 19,556 19,240 15,359 1,122 785 91 2,'545 2,382 167 203 - 183 142 275 189 127 628 667 758 ■ 157 233 157 256 6,397 5,792 404 416 ' 4,;586 '4,085 ,2,700 ■ 1,502 1,688 . 1,605 10,404 '8,611 ,7,415 8,610 9; 73) 7,879 494 395 326 1,755 1,732 1,735 548 '2,560 2,383 2,146 $340,910 $1,340,183 273,319 1,160,927 208,405 840,057 50,044 38,040 34,934 1,826 1,111 32 3,421 1,786 136 1,117 988 427 157 112 3,022 l|057 136 430 212 336 63 3,434 2,770 1,977 183 5,600 4,143 2,649 2,698 l|231 9,465 5,618 ?,79S 43,773 44,008 33,974 387 365 267 138 6,184 6,753 6,350 476 275 220 7,078 4,305 2,630 15,668 11,718 8,851 781 439 52 1,' 1,653 107 155 109 141 175 47 346 349 129 165 141 123 69 3,373 3,143 1,991 165 158 151 2,158 1,501 954 1,109 1,136 919 6,828 5,495 4,115 6,134 6,271 4,296 318 235 180 $2,247,323 1.919,277 1 410,342 32,878 24,824 17,751 1,097 577 3,979 112 4, 3,374 1,916 2,326 685 642 3,467 3,261 1,787 978 1,385 617 719 569 358 12,141 10,869 6,415 317 252 5,173 3,012 1,684 5,240 4,148 2,372 23,639 21,606 14,279 3,959 3,617 2,437 835 619 554 18,236 14,267 10,709 305 237 71 4,813 4,316 65,338 57,268 38,412 2,665 1,488 158 11,018 7,154 357 5,143 4,146 2,500 2,876 965 809 8,455 7,632 4,541 1,405 2,188 1,055 1,304 1,230 661 18,407 16,755 672 664 575 9,741 6,350 7,570 6,842 4,761 45,250 36,118 26, 145 14,222 14,380 10,802 1,533 1,466 1,156 965 > Excludes statistic ! Not reportedfiepj 8 Includes "pickles preserves, and sai 21,792 17,798 13,277 765 676 251 10,121 7,620 7,044 lenti Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop constraction and re- pairs by electric-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-raU- road companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions ot railroad com- Cement.. Chemicals. Clocks and watches, in- cluding cases and ma- terials. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grmding. Cofllns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery., Cooperage and wooden ^oods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-' iron products. Corsets. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Dairymen's, poultry- ; men's, and apiarists' suppUes. Electrical pues. Electroplating. machinery, and sup- Explosives. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914. 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 325 324 43 30 10 94 73 26 <22 n7 16 19 112 604 716 624 241 221 191 ?4 35 25 21 21 18 147 140 87 61 80 110 S508 483 15 32 29 24 142 143 104 46 43 26 4,861 5,852 5,155 1,813 2,240 1,006 28,682 23,131 19,095 18,000 10,945 9,036 1,467 1,395 540 . 843 728 5,688 5,665 4,071 35,119 36, 152 21,355 8,113 6,151 1,193 1,018 953 802 • 732 676 5,009 3,799 3,587 Ml,921 2;388 2,567 7,445 ,7,473 5,645 1,974 1,502 961 1,631 1, 638 323 359 16,483 9,641 6,131 375 272 290 142 idividual operations. 12,285 9,684 7,238 1,845 2,225 36,781 20,740 15,733 37,.622 18,651 14,830 23,986 ■15,270 6,100 8,590 5,917 2,883 3,151 2,578 1,232 5,142 3,729 2,176 1,163 804 721 3,152 2,709 2,010 1,359 1,071 1,102 5,343 3,417 3,623 4,730 5,247 4,672 7,340 5,510 3,""' 341 541 387 4, 2,385 1,340 664 578 21, 140 11,636 6,253 990 703 281 2,083 1,828 1,383 $3,405 3,588 2,778 1,387 1,395 654 20,433 15, 288 12, 105 15,686 5,931 1,184 856 328 1,164 536 3,321 3,217 2,357 20,019 16,680 10,215 4,630 3,152 2,198 576 525 432 527 406 345 2,255 1,429 1,170 1,096 • 1,127 1,176 4,853 4,315 2,958 715 525 331 .1,032 760 416 178 152 12,366 6,413 3,203 291 245 155 194 190 83 $8,368 9,479 6,746 1,527 1,807 418 18,318 15,233 12,268 40,429 16,336 21,173 l,ei9 5,1 2,916 1,361 2,038 i,r- 41,310 45,228 28,026 11,219 9,214 6,333 17,094 15, 114 12,483 1,307 982 929 12,095 7,665 4,202 4,596 4,479 4,782 13,825 13,193 8,795 2,063 1,196 661 1,177 1,072 565 1,094 575 561 19,379 13,628 7,649 367 226 124 1,655 936 412 $16, 192 16,831 11,392 . 3,181 3,451 1,143 41,496 32,229 25,491 61,316 27,001 30,926 6,468 4,088 1,178 8,618 4,683 2,306 7,659 7,045 4,999 89,144 89,473 57,002 20,751 16, 635 12,237 22,045 19,761 15,745 2,705 2,260 1,867 22, 139 12,798 7,646 6,611 7,088 24,815 22,823 15,385 3,979 2,711 1,237 3,297 2,758 1,515 2,307 1,181 1,131 45,667 26,826 16,700 865 697 425 2,582 1,469 712 < Includes statistics tor calcium lights, reported separately m 1909 and 1904. ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware^' and "tmware, not elsewhere specified." 82]ni'=— 18 22 338 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Tablk 43.— comparative SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. DJDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Ciostof mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Fancy articles, not else- where speciaed. Fertilizers. Flags, banners, regalia, society badges, and emblems. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furnishing goods, men's. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and re- flectors. Oas, illuminating and heating. Glass. Gloves and mittens, leather. Glue. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating Hats and caps, other tlian felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods. House-furnishing goods, hot elsewhere speci- fied. Ice, manufactured Instruments, profes- sional and scientific. Iron andsteel, blast flir- naces. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Jewehy., 1914 1909 1904 149 44 39 692 444 785 432 230 286 $451 222 334 $1,227 574 668 $2,388 1,320 1,674 1914 1909 1904 12 11 4 696 444 48 3,739 2,146 445 398 225 24 2,350 1,425 91 3,775 2,386 131 1914 1909 1904 22 24 27 319 293 281 87 67 51 144 112 102 396 313 241 811 676 663 1914 1909 1904 406 461 363 2,398 2,464 2,410 35,793 38,472 38,158 1,466 1 271 1,211 42,841 45,690 34,930 49,493 51,111 39,892 1914 1909 1904 115 116 65 1,790 1,350 955 7,772 5,070 2,904 1,006 672 425 12,761 7,196 3,498 17,620 10,403 6,245 1914 1909 1904 ' 1,371 1,178 "947 55,261 52,266 42,629 109,643 92,831 66,903 37,968 33,157 25,425 60,606 63,810 39,761 141,329 138,579 94,917 1914 1909 1904 84 63 36 300 319 326 141 59 27 219 230 200 870 1,071 819 1,605 1,929 1,432 1914 1909 1904 <58 61 5 36 2,775 2,688 1,647 812 796 277 1,061 1,015 581 4,502 4,573 2,470 7,140 7,213 4,103 1914 1909 1904 283 267 207 13,766 13,575 12,426 26,039 20,875 15,638 8,901 8,100 6,714 15,713 12,501 9,664 33,000 27,900 22,395 1914 1909 1904 76 78 44 2,078 2,090 1,154 2,081 1,883 793 1,382 1,184 640 3,040 2,694 1,194 6,158 5,797 2,906 1914 1909 1904 75 78 64 3,890 6,301 2,964 ' 31,058 18,385 5,700 2,669 2,967 1,695 8,035 6,210 4,619 28,171 21,052 16,008 1914 1909 1904 10 11 13 3,764 3,507 4,768 9,685 6,638 1,583 2,692 2,182 3,012 2,808 1,641 1,400 7,680 6,047 5,620 1914 1909 1904 28 29 24 1,371 1,309 1,134 797 667 660 646 519 425 1,687 1,478 862 2,774 2,523 1,691 1914 1909 1904 9 9 7 968 946 848 . 3,316 6,093 7,184 614 481 648 2,385 1,887 1,673 3,731 3,776 2,729 1914 1909 1904 39 ► 36 24 772 778 596 2,213 2,842 1,124 664 631 390 3,436 4'065 1,488 4,761 5,590 2,438 1914 1909 1904 36 38 35 465 463 436 81 61 39 305 267 253 517 479 536 1,127 1,046 1,027 1914 1909 1904 46 43 38 3,535 2,913 2,342 2,631 3,452 1,336 1,546 1,116 782 4,067 3,232 2,165 7,367 5,947 3,730 1914 1909 1904 46 27 20 606 292 256 698 376 983 254 131 127 1,522 801 701 3,079 1,379 1,138 1914 1909 1904 128 83 43 1,312 804 485 26,183 13,288 6,509 970 534 269 1,005 442 247 3,389 1,928 940 1914 1909 1904 30 25 25 1,104 438 232 1,065 375 111 814 287 139 1,121 665 88 3,970 1,769 519 1914 1909 1904 5 6 4 1,450 2,493 1,910 94,160 70,453 45,487 1,348 1,793 1,398 21,794 30,908 19,005 25,862 38,300 27,331 1914 1909 1904 26 24 23 16,408 17,684 16,448 178,709 152,470 111,308 12,968 12,962 10,071 39,938 56,244 38,650 64,995 86,608 60,022 1914 1909 1904 100 67 43 992 990 713 585 367 189 795 650 456 1,255 1,264 801 3,264 2,780 1,755 Leather goods Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Lime. Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products. Malt Marble and stone work . Mattresses and spring beds. MilUnery and lace goods. Mirrors Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paints and varnishes . . . Paper and wood pulp. Paper goods, not else- where specified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Photographic apparatus and materials. Photo-engraving. . Prtntingand publishing Pumps, not including, power pumps. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 «304 168 8 165 28 29 106 116 '618 814 591 14 12 21 312 278 176 102 103 47 13 10 16 76 81 60 13 14 13 27 30 71 68 56 72 74 63 21 19 19 8 46 46 47 9363 369 312 31 27 21 10 2,722 2,608 2,414 8 14 15 2,325 2,949 2,655 2,678 3,001 2,770 448 511 1,034 856 750 5,749 4,398 4,033 14,870 16,567 15,126 438 377 602 1,975 2,226 2,040 1,018 831 3,323 3,328 2,800 326 353 494 451 426 312 911 910 378 336 491 8,334 8,777 7,608 2,110 1,792 1,276 1,704 1,397 969 1,670 1,317 936 1,844 1; 499 284 267 1,256 1,114 596 32,838 28,644 22,818 240 282 271 2,067 2,200 1,115 7,920 6,769 5,260 2,077 794 1,312 7,634 3,908 4,i— 34,847 27,900 26,012 45, 745 62,016 44,347 7,724 6,405 8,405 6,381 5,003 3,422 1,436 849 1,130 649 398 469 370 640 634 701 277 1,041 775 2,234 352 208 255 8,597 8,123 6,809 9,908 7,108 5,068 24,613 16, 169 12,818 1,374 869 412 2,573 3,234 1,545 672 430 207 1,071 606 434 33,603 26,975 17,577 349 328 602 $1,486 1,633 1,416 1,638 1, — 1, 265 283 533 479 407 5,372 3,473 3,004 9,747 9,110 7,424 306 378 1,656 1,766 1,435 546 448 1,804 1,384 1,097 216 232 265 308 216 751 600 594 237 201 5,237 5,009 3, — 1,301 1,114 771 1,118 727 462 778 646 330 1,066 805 818 327 157 127 1,184 949 619 24,048 18,437 13,883 186 179 170 $4,538 6,135 3,437 13,917 12, 131 8,174 276 174 413 8,606 9,209 6,406 10,406 7,033 5,271 24,124 27,264 18,222 9,185 7,460 6,703 2,576 3,030 2,140 2,126 1,634 1,210 5,019 3,797 2,394 660 636 702 193 2,260 973 513 250 178 207 8,321 8,642 5,398 15,476 12,902 8,656 4,266 3,099 1,416 2,530 1,997 745 5,097 4,413 3,438 646 318 287 691 534 259 33,278 24,680 17,034 290 328 208 $7,983 8,948 6,715 17,509 14,912 10,768 747 688 1,660 51,596 55,200 54,102 39,436 28,449 23,787 42,064 44,952 32,741 11,133 9,643 8,540 6,176 6,771 6,392 3,670 2,860 2,117 7,282 4,948 1,075 1,106 1,408 539 4,065 1,777 1,161 719 629 674 19,706 19,176 13,323 24,488 20,434 13,325 6,952 4,983 4,693 3,779 1,632 15,032 13,114 13,320 1,315 740 811 3,367 2,678 1,366 112,833 87,247 62,292 602 659 603 1 Includes "combs and hairpins" and "ivory, shell, and bone work." ' Includes "automobile repairing;" "bells;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe;" "plumbers' supplies;" "pumps, steam, and other power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water beating apparatus;"^ and "structural iranwork." > Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. • Includes "suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goodsJ'. ... . , ... rj./—\ s Excludes statistics tor one establishment, to avoid disfelSi«imW€lI5'T>iflliarete'atihM/^#Y1 QOiTCRJ 'Includes "pocketbooks"; "saddlery andhamess"; aiul*"tijiikiS anuviUso^y' 'i"'^" \^>~>\^i i.^^ ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens." ' Includes "cardboard, not made in paper mills" and "envelopes." » Includes "perfumery and cosmetics.''^ ^ „ ■ ^■ 10 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making; " "engraving, steel and copper plate;" "lithographing; and "prmtmE and nubhshine. music." MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 43.-O0MPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 339 INDUSIRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- 1)erof estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. mnUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of lish- Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE.— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Roofing materials.. Scales and balances Showcases Signs and advertising novelties. Slaughtering and meat packing. Smelting and refining, zinc. Smelting and refining, not &om the ore. Soap. Stereotyping and eleo- trotypmg. 1914 1909 1904 23 17 15 862 322 201 1,766 663 355 $579 192 109 $4,319 2,050 923 $6,644 3,375 1,310 1914 1909 1904 12 13 9 531 248 110 702 293 82 398 151 71 537 245 98 1,376 574 305 1914 1909 1904 12 16 19 311 386 439 430 419 534 220 248 252 255 290 359 694 829 848 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 150 51 0) 2 98 109 95 2,176 1,290 1,888 781 1,404 750 1,824 985 6,045 3,271 31,627 26,705 27,111 67,519 56,651 39,400 19,532 14,602 14,658 412,015 343,976 280,592 489,230 389,595 318,201 1914 1909 1904 8 5 5 3,573 1,922 1,643 16,253 7,485 5,187 2,571 1,275 884 14,200 6,496 3,900 18,421 9,004 5,426 1914 1909 1904 17 11 9 282 369 250 1,337 1,763 1,642 190 207 125 3,516 3,234 1,586 4,587 3,930 1,976 1914 1909 1904 27 34 34 2,144 2,188 1,905 6,108 5,155 3,519 1,255 1,053 887 15,253 13,948 9,345 21,420 20,181 14,157 1914 1909 1904 25 21 20 705 592 685 1,339 725 506 628 472 547 408 316 229 1,594 1,282 1,205 Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Surgical appUances and artificial Umbs. Tobacco manufactures. Type founding and printing materials. Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Windmills. . Window shades and fix- tures. Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,622 1,944 1,825 18 19 17 5 5 11 11 11 47 36 22 51 60 62 1,636 1,417 1,361 3,917 4,499 3,908 687 536 433 7,653 8,034 7,471 343 438 432 544 290 266 1,182 1,453 738 918 778 367 886 724 1,012 40,883 36,793 32,105 5,180 *,• — 574 595 1,143 878 618 959 391 314 1,062 492 491 2,076 2,105 1,637 2,102 1,240 332 1,677 1,655 2,475 132,338 88,768 72,081 $2,859 2,957 2,358 412 285 178 4,509 4,216 3,738 259 303 335 173 139 749 877 395 544 434 160 555 358 488 26,872 20,943 16,895 $4,191 3,856 2,815 1,672 921 411 10,054 8,603 5,995 472 375 321 1,281 702 1,' 2,034 3,632 3,163 945 3,421 2,087 2,416 137,917 118,512 86,087 $10,203 10,287 7,867 3,238 2,099 1,010 26,037 21,870 16,062 1,246 1,248 1,168 2,254 1,367 1,094 3,194 4,089 2,119 4,951 4,665 1,445 4,682 3,321 3,760 212,507 183,390 129,386 CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. CKICAOO-AU in- dustries. Artificial stone prod- ucts. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bags, other than paper. Bilking powders and yeast. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes, cigar. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brooms. Brushes Buttons 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10,115 9,656 8,159 10 67 48 39 59 56 M3 1,305 1,177 852 31 28 (0 14 13 11 313,710 293,977 241,984 150 12 1,429 1,460 166 275 189 127 652 522 645 45 41 56 3,027 2,446 320 304 344 3,756 3,609 2,324 1,222 1,167 7,680 6,437 5,795 294 222 311 275 320 190 47 681, 114 525,236 242 82 1,612 734 292 157 2,951 1,142 2,022 1,103 210 214 2,148 1,575 2,153 1,099 6,543 3,847 104 169 203 94 146 $213,737 3176,973 136,405 282 104 8 1,107 1,131 106 141 175 47 353 304 317 23 2,357 1,— 1,311 141 125 130 1,700 1,311 809 897 810 ■ 534 5,091 4,146 3,240 176 118 197 163 147 72 16 $901,933 '790,609 589,914 $1,483,498 1,281,171 955,036 313 146 5 2,155 1,707 111 2,326 685 642 3,131 2,888 1,481 34 30 7,523 6,045 4,138 251 258 198 3,325 2,232 1<: 4,381 3,266 1,825 17,418 16,280 11,132 359 402 564 616 184 139 22 841 356 19 4,700 3,940 354 2,876 965 809 7,905 7,009 3,890 74 81 11,663 9,855 - 6,559 577 541 478 6,945 5,044 2,825 6,314 5,131 3,195 34,217 26,908 20,654 691 680 1,038 880 438 335 71 CHICAOO— Cnntd. Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Chemicals Clocks and watches, in- cluding cases and ma- terials. Cloth, sponging and re- finishmg. Clothing, men's, includ- ing smrts. Clothing, women's. . Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909. 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 136 126 122 12 13 11 15 813 »11 6 5 3 7 6 5 563 678 227 204 174 13 13 10 97 87 62 34 '37 54 170 56 53 37 170 163 165 1,776 1,965 1,829 11,835 11,059 8,592 15,539 8,553 7,059 174 150 358 82 109 45 123 91 64 32,400 33,615 19,655 7,330 5,615 4,308 654 576 471 4,409 3,241 2,953 1,186 1,166 1,286 3,998 - 3,859 3,347 1,150 128 73 4,604 3,022 13,150 7,232 27,052 14,576 950 790 4,292 2; 916 1,051 1,100 828 4,546 3,045 2,229 1,984 3,196 2,859 2,098 1» $100 68 84 1,325 1,253 i,r-- 8,260 7,305 5,792 13,923 6,387 4,i 112 97 228 52 60 32 52 47 19,042 18,638 9,706 4,260 2,997 2,083 440 339 236 2,026 1,250 1,018 662 601 2,774 2,472 li 706 554 $62 43 32 2,598 2,602 1,812 7,1 7,310 4,' 32,389 11,620 15,761 1,064 617 1,032 276 282 34 2 1 38,440 39,907 26,655 10,380 8,658 6,011 1,071 764 632 11,011 6,703 3,594 2,660 2,188 2,135 7,214 6,463 3,967 706 680 348 $244 206 212 5,104 5,203 4,076 16,688 15,359 11, 172 50,931 20,892 23,799 1,817 1,178 1,748 427 445 147 160 119 90 84,340 85,296 54,626 19,211 15,677 11,637 2,262 1,838 1,297 20,349 11,222 6,550 3,839 3,368 3,406 13,236 12,242 8,137 2,170 1,895 946 1 Not reported separately. __..,. ... -, ^^ « Includes "sausage, not made/i39l«Hgftiei*»?»a!i*i faea*-pSsia,iigv«r*ai)}lslrmi**^^ » Figures do not agree with tho-S6 'tfablisisii'toaaiise 'certiln teUdKisiiiiionts revised their reports. * Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Included in "all other industries," separate figures not available. • Includes statistics for "calcium lights," reported separately in 1909 and 1904. ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware." 340 MANU^AOTU-RES— ILLINOIS. Table 43.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary Jiorse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- maty horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CHICAGO— Contd. Dairyraen's, , poultry- men's^ and apiarists' supplies. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Electroplating Fancy articles, not else- where specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods Furnishing goods, men' Gold, leaf and foil Grease and tallow, not including lubricating Hand stamps and sten- cils and brands. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured. Ink, printing Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Jewelry Lapidary work. Leather goods . . Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Liquors, malt. . Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical Instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909- 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1939 1904 1914 19D9 1904 1914 1939 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1939 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1939 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 19D9 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1939 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 125 123 96 36 34 23 146 40 38 2 707 669 «582 84 59 34 <41 38 '31 55 41 6 3 i 6 175 99 82 24 24 23 37 45 56 6 207 195 '154 110 107 73 60 58 46 58 66 49 46 37 32 187 49 18 ■ 5, • 6,096 5,927 309 310 234 684 438 781 31,404 31, 055 28,792 300 308 318 1,550 1,905 1,282 146 143 140 583 649 560 190 172 222 465 463 436 1,089 743 769 448 206 133 54 38 33 4,663 6,933 5,087 929 910 710 14 19 1,703 2,178 ,"022 2,311 2,674 2,479 • 3,973 2,867 2,763 9,022 10, 462 7,794 1,256 1,388 1,337 890 6S3 755 322 322 273 4,950 5,209 4,886 79 4,849 6,443 439 422 419 210 59,471 64,876 141 69 593 662 1,361 2,207 160 100 10, 732 3,024 345 185 97,493 79,456 514 294 1,142 804 7,128 6,212 22,166 16, 666 26,128 25,917 4,142 3,002 495 626 494 5,502 4,677 «119 37 10 3,648 3,860 3,099 236 214 142 447 218 332 22,342 20,490 17; 772 219 225 193 743 820 488 74 61 74 432 452 371 130 101 134 306 267 263 403 153 78 38 26 17 4,285 6,603 3,626 761 606 455 27 13 18 1,087 1,174 1,076 1,333 1,418 1,188 3,978 2,378 2,127 6,267 6,149 4,013 1,054 1,137 951 481 371 331 256 227 197 3,304 3,034 2,716 S150 147 199 7,152 11,405 7,501 86 107 64 1,203 668 656 36,064 40,755 28,558 870 1,060 816 3,444 3,877 2,131 147 128 100 3,114 3,781 1,417 179 167 84 617 479 536 1,262 783 621 456 126 87 260 164 99 18, 731 29,023 16, 711 1,212 1,218 798 70 53 82 3,021 3,280 2,492 12, 512 10,788 7,133 7,599 4,850 3,629 16, 813 20, 768 11,763 1,260 1,714 1,244 1,905 1,349 1,011 160 161 75 5,065 4,8« 3,416 J681 340 271 17,568 20,669 16,292 487 484 327 2,344 1,239 1,664 85,359 89, 669 68,491 1,605 1,903 1,421 5,533 6,122 ,3,503 257 226 223 3,976 4,948 2,303 664 467 363 1,127 1,046 1,027 2,325 1,477 1,309 1,334 669 504 415 257 27,002 45,984 24,840 3,136 2,635 1,746 127 88 140 5,463 5,861 5,023 16,663 13,244 9,420 28,933 19, 612 16,933 28,711 32, 709 19,808 3,362 3,930 3,356 3,304 2,377 1,763 706 6S7 494 12, 671 11, 487 CHICAGO— Contd., Paints and varnishes ^. Paper goods :... Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Photographic appara- tus and materials. Photo-engraving. . . Printing and publish- ing. Slaughtering ohd meat packing. Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soap Steam packing.. Stereotyping and elec- trotypmg. Surgical appliances emd artificial limbs. Tobacco manufactures. . Type founding and printing ihaterials. All other industries EAST ST. LOUIS— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Lumber, planing-mill products, notinclud- mg planing mills coti- nected with sawmills. Printing and publishing Tobacco, cigars AH other industries. 1914. 1939 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914- 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1939 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 12 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3 271 273 248 18 13 19 23 21 18 "1,543 1,396 1,262 1168 67 66 13 7 6 23 27 23 16 ■ 16 11 26 21 18 34 24 27 842 1,050 960 18 19 17 1,955 i;575 125 138 91 1914 75 1909 74 1904 47 1, 1, 1, 195 ,1,172 967 423 1,309 1,361 1,564 284 260 907 878 571 26,247 22,326 17,464 26,704 22,064 22,767 126 91 25 2,116 2, 1.39 1,835 164 103 130 705 692 661 683 529 431 5,269 5,220 4,347 343 433 432 71,284 70,382 68, 497 5, 5, 226 4, 505 77 71 58 991 623 643 13 73 29 50 102 90 52 50 50 17 11 20 4,6.58 4,291 3,715 9,176 5,837 607 1,644 2,030 778 405 25,871 20, 162 57,318 45,629 255 168 6,974 4,967 125 146 1,339 725 668 692 783 969 246,949 187,078 18,183 23,238 730 409 205 685 17,122 22,044 $1,201 996 725 410 164 788 632 675 327 157 124 1,012 848 607 20, 012 16, 077 11,279 16,542 11,985 12,483 106 63 20 1,239 1,035 857 131 62 66 628 472 524 410 279 177 3,203 2,786 2,283 259 303 293 48,466 40,068 31,805 4,369 3,233 2,494 53 41 765 457 11 9 11 3,436 2,548 2,019 $14,310 11,845 8,202 1,785 325 3,199 3,216 2,833 646 318 282 430 422 254 29,326 21,266 14,872 346, 522 286,260 237,764 2,958 2,237 1,002 15,134 13, 787 9,125 309 194 222 408 316 224 1,670 917 410 8,361 6,722 4,199 472 375 321 197,258 178,326 130,869 17,423 11,361 5,696 216 177 124 370 364 224 82 16 72 211 38 27 19 11 12 11 16,692 10,488 5,204 $22,811 18,942 12,665 3,S17 2,831 781 10,809 10,360 11,942 1,315 740 2,356 2,156 1,324 97,507 74,211 53,033 410,709 325,062 270,549 3,857 2,574 1,140 21,255 19,939 13,770 617 408 468 1,594 ' 1,282 1,165 3,231 2,075 1,004 21,460 16,633 11,017 1,246 1,248 1,168 329,411 297,909 217,671 26,905 18,104 10,686 335 336 221 1,276 847 541 50 133 51 150 328 236 111 105 83 29 40 39 24,954 16,265 9,415 1 Includes "combs and hairpins" and "ivory, shell, and bone work." 2 Includes "automobile repairing;" "bells;'' "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters:" "hardware;" "hardware saddlery;" "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe;'' "plumbers' supplies;" "pumps, power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structinal ironwork." 3 Excludes, statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods." 6 Includes "pocketbooks;" "saddlery and harness;'' and "trunis and valises." 6 Includes "boxes, wooden packing," "lumber, planing mills;" and "window and door screens and weather strips." ' Excludes statistics for two establishments to avoid disclosure of Individual operation. 6 Includes "cardboard, not made in paper mills" and "envelopes." 16 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "eQi{i^'kt§f^ef»Mci^5M A^/lCyii©i®0^® ™m'.ents, tf a"oid disclosure r,£,iadividual operations. < Includes "boxcfeJjrjoJeapifKiuf " ami 'v .nd jivt.r.ddocr sa'?^ and weather strips." 6 Includes "boolftrtmEig knd blaiiK-boot'making" ana "fengravTnSTsteel and copper plate. » Figures do not agree -with those published because certain establishments revised their flguran. 342 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS WDIISTET AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DTOUSTET. -WAGE EABNEBS DEC. IS, OB NEAR- EST BEPBESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. re- Hale. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimimi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries. . Agricultural implements.. Artificial flowers Artificial limbs Artificial stone products . . Artists' materials Asbestos products, not including steam packmg. Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Automobile repairing RepEiir work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder Babbitt metal White metal and solder Bags, other than paper Baking powders and yeast Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boot and shoe out stock Boot and shoe findinp Boots and shoes, including overgai- tars, moccasins, and leggings. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Paper boxes and cartons All other Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . . Bakery products, other than biscuits and crackers. Biscuits and crackers Brick and tile, terra^iotta and foe- clay products. Building brick Sewer pipe and drain tHe Fire brick, stove lining, and tile, other than drain tile. Architectural and fireproofing terra cotta. Brooms From broom com All other Brushes Butter ButtOQS Canning and preserving, fish . Canning and preserving, fruits and Card cutting and designing _ _ _ Cardboard, not made m paper mills . Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Cash registers and calculating ma- chines. Cement Charcoal, not including operations in the lumber industry. Cheese 18,388 73 13 11 420 66 25 235 227 8 57 12 6 6 9 19 11 102 5 77 3 58 75 2,278 2,265 13 219 10 65 60 5 32 186 31 3 51 272 233 39 43 617,92; 22,015 182 69 1,738 110 139 1,575 1,652 1,118 1,094 24 507 321 50 271 318 1,041 61 235 36 234 31 2,801 354 11 6,738 448 5,196 5,157 39 4,747 1,798 14,628 11,346 7,965 5,049 1,670 820 787 774 13 472 816 783 12 1,560 139 94 361 648 281 6,447 6,332 115 2,081 30,484 19,101 676 1,632 34 15,854 19. 151 40 10 10 512 5 54 8 266 257 9 54 6 32 14 36 34 2 44 46 2,526 2,519 7 232 104 124 5 28 109 42 59 18 2 297 248 49 1 Owned power only. 47 2 Includes rented poWit, otherlhan eieefric. 360 8 8 68 6 39 11 28 12 57 1 17 4 12 4 85 17 1 111 18 166 165 1 102 101 203 164 39 325 193 71 20 41 90 7 10 14 20 18 131 130 1 64 504 215 18 56,000 19,979 1,831 8 11 27 17 136 202 20 20 24 55 7 48 12 281 17 264 264 136 118 1,119 763 356 215 126 65 4 27 18 10 327 327 171 1,214 811 125 101 228 11 7 9 10 10 58 68 32 31 1 26 24 3 21 13 66 1 12 1 16 2 92 6 137 9 144 142 2 27 31 376 335 41 42 18 10 5 16 7 7 14 6 10 417 416 1 33 o^l o o zi ja* zz Au ''Biqnized by-MicrosoftS^^ 506,943 19,556 145 33 1,122 72 109 1,236 1,309 759 747 12 377 203 29 174 275 628 45 157 22 156 17 2,460 322 4 6,071 390 4,586 4,552 34 4,438 1,502 10,404 7,565 2,839 7,151 4,608 1,429 384 730 646 638 8 395 492 1,359 123 73 247 586 241 4,275 4,211 64 l,Sla 18,000 514 1,467 21 Mb 521, 752 No 1,403 My 1,560 Au 799 Se 15 Xe 484 De Mh Fe Je Ja< Au Ja« Jy Se Jy Oc r^ Ja 41 235 280 657 49 172 23 176 19 2,751 359 4 6,461 397 Ja 4,746 Mh* 35 Mh 4,707 My 1,663 dc""7,"i Oc 3,042 Au Je 6,079 1,704 452 670 10 431 551 819 Mh Ja< Mh Je Fe (») Se 3,933 261 79 De Je< My Fe Ja 694 316 Mh 4, 678 Se 68 Mh 2,090 Se 30,231 Au 21,460 Ja 721 Jy Jai 1,621 22 De 483,275 Se 12, Fe 134 Se 31 Ja 661 Mh 70 Je Ja De 84 1,081 1,104 Ja Ja* Ja 660 8 307 Je No No Ja i7 De Au Ja< 26 139 260 603 40 137 21 129 15 No 2,248 Ja (5) 4 Ap 5,814 My 382 My 4,415 Au* 32 No 4, 140 No 1, 177 Ja 7,291 Ja 2,488 Fe Fe No Fe 3,143 1,052 300 536 Au Mh* De Ja Au (') Fe Ja Ja Ja No Au 602 4 353 444 595 9 354 43 65 205 498 200 No 3,750 Ja* 59 No 1, 589 Ap 27,312 Ap 15,057 Oc ; De 1,257 Au* 20 68 (.') 19,689 145 33 1,424 72 100 1,284 1,^ — 772 758 14 390 , 199 41 158 268 610 44 137 22 154 18 2,454 355 4 6,285 4,537 4,503 34 4,260 1,438 10,606 7,775 2,831 8,199 5,388 1,634 375 660 650 10 348 503 756 9 4,238 262 72 240 533 248 4,173 4,109 64 1,704 28,050 21,035 560 1,407 22 93 (') 19,478 1,420 53 65 1,256 1,287 765 751 14 205 196 41 155 119 428 38 136 19 86 15 1,312 260 4 3,743 144 1,924 1,906 18 4,032 1,400 7,998 6,538 1,460 8,174 5,371 l,r"" 371 802 504 497 7 233 462 577 9 2,976 30 41 188 629 222 4,106 4,042 64 1>< 28,027 20,972 553 1,407 22 (•) 201 99 4 3 13 34 27 6 4 4 181 3 149 182 5 1 3 65 3 1,081 84 201 2,164 2,154 10 194 27 2,492 1,157 1,335 5 145 142 3 102 40 165 1,255 195 30 44 4 26 66 66 19 (») 10 (') 32 79 30 406 401 5 3 34 11,943,835,846 " No figures given tor reasons stated under " Explanation of terms.' 153, 599, M9 191, ll9 26,670 1,734,667 314,909 280,165 2,469,655 7,463,988 938,707 927,161 11^546 683,868 1,804,810 228,435 1,578,375 464, 731 6,414,981 53,625 1,162,363 72,260 363,112 20,319 2,773,214 753,899 7,500 8,365,952 8,529,233 8,468,716 60,517 6,513,243 3,898,065 26,455,493 14,139,486 12,316,007 25,223,283 16, 696, §15 4,710,537 1,369,678 2,446,253 664,822 649,180 15,642 857,991 1,862,443 604,873 6,642 4,230,272 133,057 166,511 159,307 1,558,911 409,043 24,924,638 24,756,159 168,479 5,941,982 34,676,821 40,308,714 2,151,659 8,188,252 72,194 242,763 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 343 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract Work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gmier- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Offiolals. Clerics, eta Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue andco> poration Income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors." Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 151,257,820 177,219,765 S340,910,325 118,864,010 115,022,905 $60,913,082 11,288,755,811 151,427,596 12,247,322,819 $907,139,412 1,305,930 947,949 73,009 12,310 272,662 408,812 1,276,837 16,160 14,678 85,518 41,886 27,929 214,216 173,409 49,561 47,761 1,800 50,877 122,034 33,453 88,581 41,310 308,976 67,696 8,400 23,620 852 215,547 26,858 1,500 273,624 39,346 367,969 366,816 1,153 261,221 254,190 485,613 356,706 128,907 684,025 361,641 96,674 55,675 70,035 34,480 34,480 2,367,118 20,658 11,141 27,352 29,127 10,981 209,021 334,886 33,812 33,652 160 39,071 71,283 10,961 60,332 24,603 325,893 312 90,180 4,854 72,633 398 158,395 9,463 439,676 26,148 416,805 416,058 747 194,736 165,302 1,389,342 986,812 402,530 171,014 39,667 23,686 46,325 51,741 61,741 53,370 111,784 35,532 20,065 75,411 23,756 167,547 13,012 21,970 18,063 39,862 36,740 334,491 332,991 1,600 71,468 696,215 677,780 104,844 242,021 6,056 8,675 69,757 4, 9,958 25,848 25,208 13,760 452,315 461,715 600 161,587 1,171.341 966,058 347,657 187,421 1,300 15,668,157 76,240 28,130 781,057 48,875 50,588 869,570 1,076,542 628,536 618,507 10,029 240,815 164,553 22,435 132, 118 140,645 383,168 22,979 128,806 17,033 83,846 8,284 1,433,614 186,958 2,497 3,184,622 165,396 2,158,470 2,142,336 16,134 2,387,127 1,108,899 6,828,138 5,521,147 1,306,991 5,218,662 3,635,654 811, 100 269,375 502,533 318,124 314,024 4,100 230,382 326,981 324,651 4,864 564,769 56,978 40,542 139,784 360,135 149,093 3,044,688 2,992,918 61,770 1,386,815 20,432,816 15,685,661 360,111 1,184,492 10,005 61,517 41,868 1,000 3,785 600 6,752 6,752 4.107 60 43 ■9,'923 50 2,426 2,426 4,121 21,920 11,590 11,590 232,008 210,990 392 19,966 2,933 2,783 150 4,921 15,550 3,611 20,219 1,294 2,578 39,008 38,808 200 113 63,879 6,900 12 20,606 15,060 6,1/1 30,231 3,942 6,160 104,853 49,420 84,775 82,791 1,984 37,929 34,140 3,480 30,660 20,444 152,260 2,216 27,517 4,156 8,080 1,186 176,107 16,900 1,148 110;079 19,273 186,666 186,154 1,512 96,449 75,456 824,297 740,860 83,437 68,303 49,156 2,884 100 6,163 12,743 11,279 1,464 15,981 36,613 13,010 420 14,827 2,620 10,400 14,861 13,328 17,380 135,127 127,047 8,080 8,961 3.840 33,660 22,948 32,953 535 3,383 649,647 837 147 8,964 1,438 1,5 16,639 19,084 7,656 7,590 66 3,017 16,836 1,124 15,712 4,323 41,616 455 2,167 157 3,329 142 12,677 2,544 10 161,147 2,067 38,402 38,310 92 53,920 22,098 200,870 134,447 66,423 96,796 14,004 6,578 6,545 3,948 3,651 297 4,497 10,278 1,645 52 20,158 520 607 1,196 9,129 1,219 106,364 104,696 1,668 22,817 274,736 15,979 26,414 31,825,057 184,629 25,463 1,071,416 376,851 139,772 1,228,293 4,960,681 511,964 606,554 6,410 806,371 4,263,311 373,121 3,890,190 2,319,557 3,368,971 22,645 975,113 62,023 356,126 13,599 1,533,253 1,146,136 7,765 10,924,989 289,721 5,044,431 6,007,071 37,360 6,182,729 5,110,461 22,763,489 17,294,302 5,469,187 1,368,372 703,359 265,606 287,371 112,036 810,210 803,036 7,174 604,701 6,895,048 292,681 23,370 2,994,886 35,666 ia3,356 71,931 784,156 231,765 7,398,442 7,341,898 56,544 1,462,948 17,286,738 39,773,640 Digl 1,927,325 59,7/)7 vze 1,052,504 1,556 553 26,059 1, 8,578 61,530 47,929 42,425 41,750 675 7,585 32,883 4,006 28,877 6,497 97,722 556 2,702 1,532 5,155 266 39,126 4,426 140 57,566 8,203 128,236 127,245 991 32,021 129,950 875,382 761,372 114,010 2,232,728 1,585,769 384,737 123,099 139,133 9,612 9,377 235 14,354 66,514 11,952 700 51,856 1,556 2,481 8,461 19,479 4 944 166' 300 163,010 3,290 74,608 1,031,726 655,127 14,059 932, 142 ,1.800 65,337,663 348,319 103,221 2,664,575 564,944 316,100 3,384,742 7,633,420 1,861,981 1,830,844 31,137 1,550,130 6,143,492 527,446 4,616,046 2,876,238 8,454,936 75,851 1,404,769 77,316 641,456 33,532 4,283,787 1,498,342 17,380 16,891,626 671,594 9,740,786 9,655,031 85,755 10,229,001 7,570,456 45,250,060 33,354,593 11,895,467 12,434,328 8,318,419 2,124,750 862,543 1,128,616 1,533,248 1,514,436 18,812 1,156,397 8,150,539 765,149 38,477 4,557,963 167,096 214,884 358,742 1,418,984 531,705 13,773,482 13,602,940 170,542 3,181,375 41,496,130 61,315,638 1,368,158 6,467,707 74,933 32,460,102 162,134 77,205 1,567,100 186,260 167,750 2,104,919 2,624,810 1,307,592 1,282,540 25,052 737,174 847,298 150,319 696,979 650, 184 4,988,243 62,651 426,954 13,761 280,176 19,667 2,711,408 347,780 9,475 5,909,081 373,670 4,568,119 4,520,715 47,404 4,014,251 2,330,045 21,611,189 15,298,919 6,312,270 8,833,228 6,029,301 1,474,407 452,073 877,447 713,426 702,023 11,403 537,342 1,188,97? 460,516 14,407 1,511,221 129,875 109,047 278,350 615,349 294,996 6,208,740 6,098,032 110,708 1,653,919 23,177,666 20,886,871 1,268,271 3,608,240 22,486 102, 233 R) 50,044 31 16 1,826 l,i 1,559 853 841 12 266 1,117 96 1,021 292 3,022 21 136 17 227 1 1,228 146 2 3,286 281 6,600 6,580 • 20 10,720 2,698 9,465 7,239 2,226 42,397 29,689 8,916 1,691 2,201 387 381 6 267 2,977 476 4,061 58 135 290 1,955 195 10,330 10, 192 138 1,845 36,781 37,622 587 23,986 50 35,860 ""3i2 447 1,143 871 17 317 210 55 55 178 324 322 2 5 955 955 125 2,724 15 70 16 100 2,258 40 2,031 2,031 80 21 113 113 1,300 1,300 9,813 200 3,016 1,611 1,405 36,575 25,779 8,010 1,200 1,5 129 129 90 502 502 100 318 162 156 75 2,199 240 3,026 4 1,743 100 6,604 6,604 600 25,195 30,336 354 21,118 50 390 52 110 27 160 231 202 169 4,440 300 300 55 12,694 31 16 043 32 1,367 1,349 474 464 10 162 96 167 283 21 12 109 1 1,213 46 2 947 220 2,156 2,136 20 817 2,100 5,946 6,125 821 6,499 3,743 750 391 615 194 188 140 668 209 23,609 875 135 239 95 4,195 4,086 • 109 1,246 11,417 2,791 233 2,852 20 369 359 149 1,572 8 1,209 659 163 1,745 1,008 737 2,436 2,116 144 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 175 196 28 3,046 3,046 223 15,807 25,736 252 15,377 41 59 64 ' Same number reported tor one or more other months. 6 Same number reported throughout the year. 344 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOa THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF SO^OpO INHABITAITTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offir cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. ' - ' Wage earners. ■ ■'■■ Total. 16 and over." Under 16. Male. re-, male. Aver- age' num-- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Ee-. male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE . STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINJID AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES— Continued. Chemicals, --"-.- China- decorating, not including that'dtine in potteries. Cleansing and pohshing preparations Cleansing preparations. Polishing preparations. . . — Cloth, sponging and reflnishing. .. Clothing, men's.^ Regular factories — ■ ■ Men's and youths' .. .:. Boys' : Another Contract work— ■ Men's and youths' Boys' and all other. . . Clothing, men's, buttonholes. . Clothing, women's Begular factories— . Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappersand house dresses All other Contract work- Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists, dresses, wrap- pers, and all- other-. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffee , Bpice Coflins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Coke, not including gas-house coke. Condensed milk and milk.products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and-chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels All other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . . Cordials and flavoring sirups and Corsets Cutlery and edge tools Dairymen's, pouitrymen's, apiarists' supplies. Incubators and brooders Other pouitrymen's supphes and apiarists' supplies. Dairymen's supplies, including cream separators. Dental goods Druggists' preparations Dyeing and finishing textiles, ex- clusive of that done in textile milk. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating. Emery and other abrasive wheels. . . Engines, steam, gas, and water Engravers' materials Engraving and diesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate. Including plate printing. Engraving, wood Envelopes Explosives Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Beadwoik Metal and paper novelties Celluloid, wood, and other novelties. -26 11 53 16 .37 7. . 578 217 6 4 340 11 111 40 332 147 185 61 48 3 454 1,906 78 226 57 169 ■ 138 39,997 30, 807 1,247 163 7,498 . 282 12 .9,590 4,124 2,193 1,454 725 329 254 1,963 1,865 1, 1,393 ,7,378 6,127 1,251 1,966 1,780 186 3,455 82 2,253 573 773 202 202 369 163 20,486 494 65 2,130 63 421 1,723 262 1,307 477 851 U 310 530 464 23 8 1 417 15 6 134 42 313 104 16 5 562 500 28 8 24 2 2,906 2,671 193 1 40 1 125 63 26 270 178 176 14 24 514 308 ; 22 4 . 18 ' 4 1,913 1,789 • 78 567 564 3 123 78 140 576 494 82 35 33 2 187 17 114 16 34 12 149 2,634 10 155 5 31 103 41 92 63 100 218 97 16 390 342 48 17 16 1 108 6 114 15 34 31 110 766 1,682 46 100 26 75 123 34, 152 -25:824 940 160 6,976 262 8,113 3,339 1, 1,265 607 309 227 1,K3 1,108 85 802 1,178 1,178 5,829 5,009 820 1,806 1,631 175 2,490 42 1,974 516 638 177 152 104 358 268 16,483 41 1,860 35 338 1,425 190 1,090 366 616 236 373 Mh'- 1,765 Se . 51 De Au Au 30 82 126 Fe Ja Je Au My = 26, 894 1,030 163 7,300 300 7 Oo Oc Mh Mh Je Au Ap 4,100 2, 146 493 1,379 683 396 250 Au Se Fe Ja Jy 1,268 107 863 1,615 1,264 Oc Au 6, 1,139 Oo Jy Au Je Mh Oc 1,792 219 2,669 71 2,137 586 Je De 36 My De No 8 21 70 .120 No ^P De. Ja Ap Ja3 24,799 868; 140, 6,60l! 226 4 Je Jy Au Jy Ja Ja Ja 2,635 1,633 371 1,104 521 231 200 Ja Ja De No Ja 1,015 71 764 1,081 Jy Ja 565 Fe2 Mh 269 179 My 360 Fe2 My = 112 371 Mh 302 Ja 18, 186 Je Ad = Fe De Au De Jy Mh Se 424 47 2,069 354 1,470 221 1,130 403 Fe" Oc Se 285 463 Je No 8 Fe No De Jy 1,416 149 2,253 31 1,708 297 Oc Au Oo Ja Jy 102 123 340 222 De 14,018 Ap- ia 3 Se Ja No Mh Fe Je My 357 37 1,648 34 326 1,354 173 1,048 187 314 1,682 36 108 32 76 120 34,366 25i509 968 142 7,468 . 278 7 8,377 3,442 1,944 1,356 643 336 243 1,116 1,035 80 769 831 1,097 6,388 5,633 865 1,844 'l68 2,515 37 1,8 537 670 202 169 100 362 291 14,084 395 39 1,997 332 1,472 193 1,104 362 614: 5 267, 342 •li660 66 113 15,874 12,461 388 30 2,860 135 3 2,588 1,774 316 41 140 65 196 58 635 603 32 2,978 2,171 807 1,832 1,674 158 2,474 32 178 461 196 132 79 232 182 11,097 353 36 1,990 36 309 1,040 191 444 361 245 1 135 109 20 10 21 • . 11 10 1 17,900 12,733 ■555 •-■ 109 4,370 133 4 1,668 1,570 ■ 365 1,181 566 141 181 478 431 47 171 2,996 2,960 46 1,622 66 38 11 129 2,943 30 11 347 640 361 4 130 227 ,171 102 - 6 .; 1 ' 61 i'.!.'2 420 213 20 2 177 118 395 396 45 13 •■JS;842i612 116,428 '363,338 ^f 49,317 .-314,021 ■ 28,365 39)1083,039 35^954,078 1,956,734 . J. 175,696 1 965,955 ■" 30,677 4,000 ' 6,674,493 3,346,385 1,181,398 470,725 1,066,984 503,248 29,540 76,213 8,158,982 7,994,733 164,249 2,846,445 11,204,654 6,229,238 11,618,669 8,398,637 3,220,032 4, 106,084 3,591,800 514,284 5,'694,517 420,540 1,870,827 933,762 1,640,154 327; 653 1,002,667 71,037 1,989,343 679,231 34,944,881 343,044 115,348 9,953,961 129,886 698,891 2,864,796 143,589 2,190,472 2,865,036 1,230,096 6,426 335, 133 888,637 ' Owned power only. Digitized by iVIicYdsoftW id power, other than electric. MA^^UFi^CTURPS^ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY. INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF, 10,000 TO, 50,000 INHABITANTS: ,1914^Q9ntmued. S45 ' ■ . ' , E*?El«rSES. Value of prodtfots. Value ■ added by manufao- ' ' ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes, . , For materials,. , Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Oflicials. Clerks,. etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. . Taxes, Including internal revenue and , cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent'of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE. STATE^ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ■•' $167,353 2,660 ..47,166 ; 3,466 , , '43,700 ■ 9,113 2;278,700 2,139,069 76,424 ■ 20,280 ■, 39,867 • 4,070 $186,533 24,763 59,586 6,166 53,420 2„028 .4,678,1088 4,386/066 231,667 6,680 51,845 1,950 $1,164,006 36,702 ,, 56,784 :■■ 13,275 43,509 : : 86,006 '19,678,872 15,301,430 612,000 70,238 ,3,497,798 „ 97.406 3,248 4,530,374 2,280,342 1,074,040 .236,284 416,252 241,518 187,648 94,290 576,985 537,189 38,796 527,087 942,432 690,062 2,870,980 2,266,483 815,497 1,041,895 938,419 103,478 1,973,139 24,009 715,439 233,434 389,543 93,220 78,533 217,790 71,568 234,356 149,237 12,365,964 291,227 41,416 1,412,171 27,776 287,247 953,984 238,249 668,326 193,906 412.686 2,247 122,761 287,688 $360 2,630 1,830 .800 $13,129 5,084 17,437 -;6,665 10,772 14,970 1,386,584 1,193,862 63,611 7,746 126,913 ,4,452 480 441,094 229,727 99,994 25,803 45,484 25,377 7,050 7,659 149,234 141,362 7,882 30,134 4,187 4,483 337,683 280,432 77,251 28,804 26,804 $42; 323 :!779 2,318 -369 1,949 300 189,171 174,217 4;&69 , , 349 ;.• 9,358 ,278 24 26,514 10,019 5,708 1,604 1,964 6,762 183 374 53,622 62,869 763 16,230 46.612 56,743 195,113 176,373 18,740 26,841 24,113 2,728 32,442 8,234 8,552 3,697 10,186 1,167 1,549 7,470 338 12,148 4,842 363,233 1,269 665 41,813 958 3,439 12,896 403 8,604 9,668 2,355 21 1,344 990 $4,983,029 - 38,770 . 352,866 41,-366 • 311,500 ,'400 40,185,091 37,970,437 1,717,983 356,182 , ; 137vll9 3,370 721 11,138,900 ' 6,334,14^ 1,917,346 825,468 1,169,728 783,664 6,059 103,588 17,020,501 16,583,186 43,7,315 1,283,919 320,677 10,268,967 14,601,640 11,899,693 2,701,947 4,4,35,895 3,966,981 469,914 3,940,595 807,449 2,043,892 219, ,350 1,072,042 265,045 485,807 341,190 128,212 717,149 178,345 19,060,369 340,075 64,645 1,757,280 237,768 204,530 869,885 66,492 1,405,908 1,618,640 1,101,126 6,297 277,692 817,137 i $377, 390 ,, 1,9?8 4,696 , 518,133 238,727 11,590 2,198 62,566 3,062 340 80,296 33,653 16,801 6,679 11,768 6,005 3,230 3,260 73,089 84,977 8,112 23,552 5,607,499 223,389 303,497 194 940 108, 667 39,277 38,436 841 65,788 1,218 19,101 14,022 22,042 4,661 4,189 13,192 2,508 19,559 29,449 318,795 17,147 2,213 84,668 4,111 10,913 32,796 1,101 23,992 36,542 15,608 49 7,317 8,242 $8,618,118 156,020 662,630 100,775 561.855 169,895 87,512,126 78„640,488 3,404,012 513,646 4,819,641 134,339 8,931 20,750,550 11,385.179 3,957,165 1,326,676 2,211,322 1.366,709 243,742 261,757 22,044,588 21,494,546 560,043 2,706,383 7,840,247 12,757,704 27,061,002 22,138,559 4,922,443 6,336,558 5,849,688 686, 870 8,299,150 2,015,860 3,978,982 681,233 2,307.367 454,092 754,787 1,098,488 296,680 2,000,494 504,199 45,687,458 864,976 194,383 3,948,730 339,390 815,562 3,161,467 490,224 -- 2,887,406 2,581,782 2,201,158 13,300 617,291 1,570,567 $3,267,699 116,330 306,168 68,446 246,722 167,863 47,008,902 40,431,324 1,674.439 155,266 4,619,956 127.917 7,870 9,531,354 6,017,479 2,023,018 494,529 1,029,828 576,140 235,463 154,909 4,950,998 4,848,382 104,618 1,397,912 2,012,071 2,265,378 12,165,885 10,043,928 2,111,939 1,881,384 1,645,289 216, 115 4,292,767 1,207,193 1,916,189 447,861 1,213,283 184,386 284,791 744,108 165,960 1,283,786 296,405 26,288,292 507,754 127,526 2,106,792 97,511 600,109 2,258,986 422,631 1,467,606 926,580 1,084,424 6,954 332,282 745,188 8,590 3 102 34 68 35 4,828 3,944 112 29 703 , 40 6 1,163 353 280 113 231 113 32 41 3,152 2,923 229 1,369 13,064 2,738 10,091 6,343 4,748 4,458 4,068 400 2,396 669 341 715 886 295 205 386 41 786 476 21,140 990 67 2,891 185 218 1,305 13 821 2,083 384 1 277 106 6,941 320 1,329 3 90 22 68 35 3,973 3,U9 112 29 673 1 1,163 363 280 113 2,?1 113 32 41 1,608 1,434 174 481 5,274 42 4,977 1,749 3,228 237 237 5,117 454 464 S 6 1,125 1,125 "139 6,809 379 3,111 2,478 633 122 36 86 297 8 ""ii4 99 6 94 ■■"324 42 14,487 73 ■■■■856 ■■■^692 3 1,350 1 12 12 .f 4 ,>> 6 6,381,8.62 5,102,186 159,906 119,7i71 805 805 50 20 7 8 q 10 30 ,11 in 587,108 288,707 133,193 54,668 50,824 53,536 5,400 .780 297,455 284,956 12,600 124,935 60,885 129,131 736,740 696,035 141,705 199,705 178,564 21,151 353,786 30, 130 148,200 36,374 72,126 17,080 14,620 40,625 19,965 122,977 18,544 1,489,069 39,661 10,380 124,300 20,450 27,390 207,000 58,233 131,632 71,420 80,801 724,755 431,1.33 119,448 39,978 84,798 36,626 329,009 325,242 3,317 14 1,') 16 17 18 460 19 ■•n 12,872 1,050,178 1,043,604 6,672 240,054 114,869 162,119 932,011 818,265 113,746 52,105 49,024 3,081 263,747 24.769 248,768 29,873 55,328 9,910 20,827 24,791 19,795 286,883 13,104 3,305,234 10,412 12,219 204,948 10,104 32,186 195,241 44,294 155,374 123,513 216,819 386 33,742 182,712 ?1 400 400 1,375 1,320 66 817 7,780 2,678 4,104 3,444 660 4,221 3,821 400 778 625 50 680 295 169 189 22 23 '4 1,190 61 25 3,421 11,700 10; 127 1,573 6,993 6,993 118 991 150 841 19 i9 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 63,074 179,042 ■10,781 46,704 4,209 17,281 3,315 7,376 6,690 9,300 27,780 900 353,623 36,657 5,040 20,678 6,021 25,758 78,813 14,069 51,138 1,500 43,860 978 16,858 27,014 110 1,610 34 291 120 482 230 127 126 35 90 97 3,625 468 67 1,343 186 147 654 13 739 34 35 36 325 5,260 16 44 65 65 37 38 39 250 6,000 200 9,589 1,057 40,288 40 255 653 379 17,232 450 38 6 8 43 40 41 42 43 44 258 84 125 45 46 4,'685 47 1,198 242 110 48 4<» 365 120,796 3,674 3,972 903 18,855 300 17,335 1,220 750 71 1 60 51 52 • 80 2,077 2 6 43 63 341 1 237 103 55 38,285 42,616 40 3 57 68 DJ^'ft\te(ftYMtcfTfst!^ff:®' ths. 346 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44 ^DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND ClIY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNEBS DEC. 18, OB NEAB- EST BEPEESENTATJVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried oifi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTKIES— Continued. Feathers and plumes. Fertilizers Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Flour-mUl and gristmill products . . . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table foods. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles. Lard compounds and meat products. Sau."!age casings Other preparations, for human consumption. For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Foundry supplies Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, including rattan and willow. Metal Store and office fixtures Furs, dressed Galvanizing Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric fixtures All other Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines and gas and water meters. Gas machines All other Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Glue, not elsewhere specified Gold, leaf and foil Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Soap stock Tallow All other Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Locks, hinges, and other build- ers' hardware. All other Hat and cap materials Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats, straw Hats, wool-felt Horseshoes, not madein steelworks or rolling mills. Hosiery and knit goods House-fumishing goods, not else- where specified. Comforts, quilts, feather pillows, and beds. Mops and dusters All other Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Instruments, professional and sci- entific. Medical, surgical, and optical- . All other 27 406 115 12 16 11 7 61 18 821 13 79 729 7 84 44 274 175 25 74 16 22 128 9 30 12 Igl 1,411 l,23i 1 Owned power only. ' 42 873 156 294 3,569 2,593 491 249 247 800 44,249 111 13,394 30,744 142 479 2,465 15,268 11,669 1,166 2,433 52 122 2,131 400 1,565 166 6,256 392 303 4, 1,100 1,530 1,195 166 971 213 733 25 240 276 4,750 2,852 12 564 57 82 34 50 3,783 732 149 306 277 1,641 2 5 4 16 458 108 40 8 7 36 11 489 18 36 435 71 42 186 124 12 SO 1 12 31 14 10 39 30 34 19 3 45 11 33 254 122 18 17 2 SO 26 1,730 323 1,404 10 35 42 543 370 57 116 5 9 101 23 64 14 254 30 48 11 14 35 10 24 1 13 20 174 44 130 47 10 18 19 166 10 44 14 1 111 61 355 423 57 52 27 12 154 121 3,877 5 1,181 2,691 22 44 835 504 78 253 160 16 1,999 134 5 129 159 54 43 10 38 343 145 198 1 20 1 1 3 ■ 7 65 56 21 21 13 92 12 133 11 1 16 7 40 104 150 10 13 10 1 68 48 1,023 2 86 935 15 29 94 354 231 33 90 1 2 87 18 52 17 113 25 4 21 44 34 27 22 19 163 51 112 1 10 ""i 72 109 6 35 696 125 144 2,398 1,790 204 368 187 225 492 314 37,130 83 11,768 25,279 95 300 2,078 13,350 10,440 1,' 42 94 1,710 319 1,279 112 3,890 199 68 131 3,764 911 1,371 968 146 772 182 573 17 176 178 4,035 1,651 2,384 465 43 65 18 35 3,535 506 110 187 209 1,312 54 1,104 135 3 7 14 11 6 135 No Ap! Se De My 837 155 173 Au 2,490 Au Mh Au Ja Oo Se 247 4M 245 235 630 363 Ja 1,460 Ap 1,060 No 160 Se Ap Ap2 Se My 312 600 19 203 191 Au 1,685 Fe 2,657 (4) Je Ap Je Ap3 Oc 496 49 117 20 40 De 3,6 Fe Au Jy Se 118 217 230 1,874 56 144 Ja Oo Fe De Ja 26 550 102 117 2,297 Fe My Ja Mh Ja No 149 319 153 207 417 272 Jv» 94 No» 77 Au 12,392 De 10,472 Mh 27,176 De 22,476 Mh KXl l)B m No 444 Ap 188 Mh 2,174 Je 1,939 Mh 10,872 Jy 9,872 Mh 1,091 De 915 My 2,089 De 1,713 No 4C Mh 37 Fe 106 Ja 83 Fe 394 Se 273 Ja 1,364 Au 1,201 Ja 133 Jy 100 My 4,507 Ja 3,353 Au 72 Mh 61 Jy 140 De llf Ja 4,337 Se 2,694 De 951 Jy 871 De 1,270 No 901 Je ' 136 My No Mh» De Se 141 536 15 149 165 De 1,5 De 2,211 (.) Ja i De 36 Aus 48 Jas 16 Mh ' 31 Au 3,3 De Au Ap Ja Ja3 102 134 177 901 53 Je No 127 851 37 588 165 122 2,530 1,948 234 370 188 230 601 325 33,952 81 10,636 23,235 93 430 2,167 13,230 10,500 923 1,807 44 89 1,741 311 1,300 130 3,464 194 76 118 4,028 974 1,282 928 156 801 246 638 17 162 174 3,824 1,602 2,222 458 40 64 18 37 512 103 181 228 1,279 55 1,023 143 880 26 74 2,513 1,347 146 233 112 149 384 32,991 80 10,333 22,578 93 236 324 12,800 10,135 901 1,764 1,431 81 1,: 124 3,461 71 118 3,859 828 681 844 72 773 246 610 17 31 131 3,417 1,428 1,989 2 316 20 38 ,16 37 1,150 242 72 77 93 1,279 50 776 140 636 30 80 47 14 584 127 73 81 215 779 1 274 504 189 1,763 291 233 19 39 6 271 224 43 4 159 111 652 84 67 25 130 38 364 152 137 20 26 2 2,449 250 30 122 .... 239 1 238 148 29 119 131 125 49 power, other than electric. 119,898 2,759,270 114,155 824,106 19,474,726 6,969,391 1,040,172 800,578 714,616 93,955 2,254,413 2,065,657 116,539,659 127,741 24,912,084 91,499,834 489,630 1,086,649 2,843,260 26,475,505 20,660,405 2,021,416 3,793,684 27,846 189,550 3,773,091 782,767 2,602,919 387,405 169,528,184 1,552,338 140,098 1,412,210 11,487,541 1,079,519 2,048,149 6,652,170 97,430 3,344,472 867,389 2,387,202 89,881 378,779 393,678 10,990,575 3,995,365 6,995,210 5,664 288,116 55,759 101,255 18,555 7,713,754 1,384,441 452,289 564,325 367,827 8,212,344 363,202 2,808,749 258,298 2,550,451 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 347 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914-Contmued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTHIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES-Continued. S3, 305 133,456 12,666 74,625 519,045 303,995 23,461 40,457 45,830 4,820 112,321 77,106 4,686,328 5,200 973,101 3,708,027 32,555 55,150 123,291 1,262, 871,747 133, 190 257,943 14,860 21,344 281,071 57,815 192,731 30,525 676,968 81,516 19,160 62,356 194,402 123,672 80,082 80,036 16,360 110,782 22,827 82,455 5,500 28,124 44, 752 446,282 100,581 345,701 34,660 8,782 3,938 3,340 12,762 205,437 140,189 50,338 61,532 38,319 221, 655 41, 147 144,400 31,545 112,855 SI, 024 156,324 88,102 462,812 655,521 60,160 36,549 56,383 9,648 242,576 150,205 5,357,092 4,110 1,427,189 3,925,793 39,548 56,708 307,209 1,193,402 783,346 116,568 293,488 3,520 7,561 274,278 38,438 207,740 28,100 1,723,491 169,290 7,738 161,562 249,627 77,961 51,803 178,650 3,504 101,443 13,360 88,083 21,950 39, 174 688,649 361,035 327,614 208 21,614 3,600 1,812 3,054 7,906 133,034 204,619 33,614 144,853 26, 162 83,889 20,507 275,104 13,571 261,533 $15,557 397,653 56,040 82,562 1,456,410 1,006,244 108,111 165,890 123,563 299,898 219,920 25,795,712 62,086 7,675,931 18,057,695 57,875 219,053 823,419 8,610,514 6,431,831 663,919 1,514,764 24,003 58,206 1,149,343 138,554 924,000 2,658,835 149,446 43,887 106,559 2,692,125 615,890 S3, 103 1,550 3,138 7,125 645,868 614,104 73,709 564,383 129,727 421,801 12,855 96,531 121,747 2,387,765 916,163 1,471,592 6,600 304,967 28,050 41,'656 10,562 31,313 1,546,122 253,898 - 72,333 95,134 86,431 969,718 37,690 814,375 105,084 709,291 1,000 2,525 3,600 505,091 1,644 30,227 473,220 45 24,108 3,241 72,197 34,950 141 37,106 213 22,240 3,401 17,209 1,630 46,241 2,560 1,450 1,100 3,357 740 4,921 216 100 116 4,269 100 18,074 6,754 11,320 ::::?«;: 123,407 24,695 273 1,223 23,199 3,812 7,225 160 7,075 S2,53S 51,503 12,265 26,532 44,934 118,960 7,559 24,156 13,333 9,450 50,028 14,424 889,617 5,050 236,529 648,038 4,262 93,115 82,376 483,177 294,118 42,753 146,306 3,000 3,180 110,071 7,799 86,735 15,537 3,071 4,860 2,616 2,244 1,000 67,221 11,210 27,160 3,302 4,067 1,472 2,450 145 27,804 26,920 73, 222 18,792 54,430 1,200 34,248 4,116 9,670 8,136 80,554 45,946 12,217 16,981 16,748 14,553 7,285 35,185 13, 468 21, 717 $84 16,203 294 3,959 120,943 46,856 3,570 2,928 8,139 849 14,657 16,812 743,935 1,063 290,682 462,190 2,227 2,227 14,718 161,1^ _ 130,869 12,033 18,280 210 2,190 16,848 4,002 11,497 1,349 1,264,238 7,481 738 6,743 58,969 5,766 7,729 22, HI 363 22,790 6,606 15,612 672 1,743 1,723 57,970 17,803 40,167 14 964 192 395 112 37,951 9,209 4,021 2,954 2,234 57,058 2,583 11,819 2,565 $21,451 2,233,930 128,651 681,191 42,489,475 12,580,308 848,475 2,258,316 328,266 3,043,796 5,401,986 37,127,078 67,267 8,669,012 28,390,799 204,236 864,415 3,267,862 14,736,347 10,845,792 1,630,670 2,259,985 7,379 184,508 2,464,204 527.371 1,753,391 183,442 2,619,670 367,943 69,023 298,920 1,850,693 913,446 1,666,350 2,209,519 145,434 3,300,973 253,285 3,009,852 37,836 281,771 165,997 4,230,439 1,410,762 2,819,677 511,387 51,185 86,343 24,633 146,596 3,983,157 1,510,296 452,686 700,586 367, 123 367,893 1,089,431 97, 469 " Same number reported for one ( $330 115,797 1,302 8,439 351,432 170,885 28,764 31,117 12,098 7,579 44,848 46,479 2,399,446 4,260 1,202,980 1,192,206 16,840 5,426 14,177 380,609 273,269 40,861 66,479 1,880 10,958 49,567 16,218 27,272 6,077 5,416,819 5,960 1,867 4,093 957,167 27,865 20,870 175,425 1,386 134,456 27,665 104,985 1,906 687 3,984 159, 490 62,038 107, 452 139 5,297 1,613 1,037 535 7,i 83,482 11,930 5,117 4,932 1,881 637,529 10,510 31,130 2,242 $59,783 3,775,287 1,400,777 49,493,224 17,620,136 1,538,389 "1,278,183 2,794,533 695,750 4,554,863 6,858,418 95,368,347 215,320 24,819,805 70,333,222 404,624 1,604,873 6,063,472 31,889, 23,379,017 2,862,460 6,648,092 66,336 347,144 5,059,924 , 951,085 3,665,161 443,678 28,170,660 1,177,778 195,456 982,322 7,680,343 2,041,688 2,773,867 3,731,375 256,798 4,760,845 666,223 4,009,417 86,206 601,782 640,080 10,407,290 3,722,541 6,684,749 13,400 1,126,735 118,069 210,841 65,044 287,352 7,367,235 3,079,275 718,845 1,671,027 689,403 3,388,862 503,638 3,969,727 332, 320 $38,002 1,426,560 168,867 711,147 6,652,317 4,868,943 661,150 547,597 524,119 259,905 1,466,219 1,409,953 65,841,823 143,793 14,947,813 40,750,217 183,548 735,032 1,781,433 16,772,613 12,259,956 1,191,029 3,321,628 56,077 151,678 2,546,163 407,496 1,884,498 264,159 20,135,071 803,875 124,666 679,309 4,872,493 1,100,377 1,086,647 1,346,431 109,979 1,325,416 384,373 894,580 46,463 319,324 370,099 6,017,361 2,269,741 3,767,620 12,671 610,051 66,371 123, 461 39,876 132,926 3,300,596 1,557,050 261,142 965,609 330,399 2,383,440 243, 790 2, 849, 166 \mm^?m>y ^rd&^m 1 3,739 25 260 35,793 7,772 1,188 107 1,591 3,300 78,116 186 20,658 57,273 1,123 141 677 25,391 17,678 1,722 6,991 40 94 i; 178 1,553 169 31,058 119 60 9,686 385 797 3,316 66 2,213 327 1,784 102 166 4,853 1,719 3,134 81 22 15 223 171 2,531 220 209 26,183 346 1,065 114 951 232, 609 R^, 616, 557 ame number reported throughout the year. 1,196 90 30,086 4,457 505 410 52 827 2,070 36,427 28 6,174 30,225 700 500 17,173 14,063 940 2,170 32 1,914 488 SI 14 36 239 112 2,281 97 2,184 150 55 25 1,120 50 1,070 25,420 15 15 7,740 30 600 2,965 50 2,147 311 1,739 97 2,830 1,060 1,770 1,165 476 250 100 125 20,988 115 2,988 145 160 2,693 65 141 24 67 50 5,165 14 14 975 8 17 287 35 252 120 30 244 42 750 340 340 1,114 259 865 120 120 35 53 53 2,543 138 3,043 2,487 508 417 174 55 625 778 38,294 157 14,128 24,009 273 86 177 5,230 , 3,470 632 1,128 40 4 609 104 296 109 473 90 30 60 970 312 193 351 16 65 10 139 1,683 624 22 16 223 61 185 19 112 64 345 839 343 902 136 5 421 426 23,078 3,101 19,977 21 274 4, 3,397 •■ 468 430 '430 600 1,617 590 1,027 1 1,503 601 460 115 16 100 1,398 178 178 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 348 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 4:4.--DETAIL STATEMENT FOB THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY, Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE mDUSTET. WAGE EAKNEBS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total'. Pro- prie- tors * and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc.- Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. f Fe- male. Aver- age .num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male: Male. Fe- ihale. Maximum - month. •Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Iron and steel, blast iumaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills. ' Iron and steel, doors and shutters. . . Iron and steal forgiugs, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron 'and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought,inclildlng wire nails, not inade in steel works or tolling mills. Japanning. Jewelry Jewelry and instrument oases Labels and tags I^mps and reflectors Automobile, carriage, and wagon lamps. All other lamps Reflectors ;.. Lapidary work Leather goods, not elsewhere spec- ified. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. , Lime , Liquors, distilled, alcohol and whisky. Liquors , malt , Lithographing Lookfiig-glass and picture frames. . , Lubricatmg greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not induduig planing mills oonnected with sawmills. Malt.- Marble and stone work, not includ- ing slate products. Mattresses and spring beds, not elsewhere specified. Millinery and lace goods, not else- where specified. Embroideries Trimmed hats and hat frames . . . Women's neckwear All other, including dress and cloak trimmings. Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unlramed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Brass and other metal Yiolins and other stringed in- struments. All other Musical instruments, organs Musical instruments, pianos Musical instruments, piano mate- rials. Oil, not elsewhere specified Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Paving materials Pens, fountain and stylographic Perfumery and cosmetics . Petroleum, refining 17 100 38 203 14 312 102 287 11 13 10 43 18 7 40 21 24 265 22 617 1,208 ■ Owned power only. 1,653 17,416 519 397 841 2$2 65 1,395 254 584 463 59 ^81 23 42 567 2,897 506 6,918 1,150 2,113 108 2,975 9,170 543 2,654 1,305 4,003 623 2,864 158 1,365 203 390 575 1,016 64 461 163 161 137 265 7,527 1,523 55 2,728 1,954 639 2,634 1,783 85 112 6 2 27 24 254 217 1 367 82 19 36 2 11 311 2 7 155 3 ■ 67 463 17 53 398 54 76 16 80 146 53 119 14 144 44 137 224 52 4 43 30 117 1,374 38 139 2 32 28 1 27 122 703 99 157 35 66 70 116 109 320 46 246 4 25 4 434 17 772 143 59 28 29 171 20 196 43 173 23 131 6 13 26 21 12 9 258 21 5 139 449 12 3 131 i,4bo 13,408 470 325 760 22£j 234 473 304 15 28 448 2,678 .448 855 5,749 944 1,741 53 2,562 7,734 438 1,975 1,018 3,323 511 2,374 136 302 149 326 911 41 378 My 1,744 Mb 17,644 Mh I Ja Au Fe My Ja Ja Oe Ap No Ja» Oc Fe Fe Se Mh Mh Ap Ja .480 387 815 233 ■ ^3 1,024 260 50.0 372 16 472 2,847 584 889 6,246 Jy My Mh 1, Je' 59 Je 3,075 Jy 8,261 Ja « 531 Jy 2,143 My 1,072 Mh 560 Mh 3,304 Oo 159 Oc 342 Jy 1,076 Oc 175 Ja3 343 510 1,405 126 Fes 131 Fe3 121 Oo 139 Fe 232 Ja 6,682 Ap 1,420 Ja 21 Jy 1,670 Ap 1,704 Se 407 Au 1,113 Mh 1,659 Au" 68 Oc' 373 Oc 1,072 Mh No I De 11,159 Je Au No De De No,. Je Mh De Fe Fe De Ja De Au Fe De Oc Se 48 Jy 128 Ja 157 Au 452 293 613 224 Jy 948 Se -' 2l7 Au 444 25 261 14 23 402 Se 2,455 Fe My 337 819 5,453 914 1,578 46 1,796 De 7,168 1,784 955 Jy 444 Je 1,517 De lis Jy 272 Fe 674 De 129 Je » 311 375 420 38 242 No 7,064 Oc 1,586 De 29 Ja 1,856 No 1,792 Fe 478 Ja 1,223 Au 2,206 Fe 71 Ja3 390 Ja 1,188 Se 123 109 100 210 6,370 1,212 14 1,488 1,592 - 330 1,' 1,003 67 353 1,041 13, 707 473 310 697 224 • 50 1,006 238 462 364 33 316 15 34 453 3,012 409 5,588 956 1,824 48 2,958 7,681 449 1,942 968 3,353 1 547 2,337, 137, 332 824 143 322 412 634 41 391 126 130 135 210 6,414 1,340 19 1,788 409 1,069 ' Includes rented power, other Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1,041 13,692 310 697 168 48 877 309 31 34 299 2,990 409 786 5,529 810 1,636 48 2,952 7,613 449 1,935 802 837 102 683 21 31 791 137 319 384 626 26 346 123 122 101 200 6,098 938 18 1,338 1,750 182 601 2,087 65 94 56 116 ^■133 217 38 1 143 19 81 44 136 157 7 164 2,443 388 1,641 114 300 26 6 2 24 34 240 385 149 34 221 430 6 258 15 46 ?51, 695,551 75,266,666 1,359,270 764,569 2,666,833 872,646 29,031 2,426,110 143,705 908, 143 416,804 45,783 347,646 23,375 181,757 935,043 16,774,503 1,748,045 12,201,963 60,677,691 2,095,232 2,761,910 287,335 4,086,072 19,061,558 10,722,796 6,116,260 1,656,401 2,805,993 463,791 2,006,258 77,404 258,540 2,265,214 632,211 568,780 443,954 1,684,178 99,090 691,414 229,808 280,085 181,521 432,649 36,453,010 2,464,611 176,305 15,997,632 9,994,215 916.364 7,969,991 6,066,921 47,824 555,664 9, 168, 159 ; than electric. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. on. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES^AND- FOR CITIES OF 10,000. TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Contiiiued. 349 . ■ Expenses. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Offlcials. Clerks, etc. , Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration, income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $182,672 1,376,675 39,452 55,701 83, 797 23,700 10,620 173,902 17,793 83,013 59,036 9,516 43,500 6,020 5,400 87,802 188,979 44,293 182,646 1,325,028 196, 311 199, 834 22,773 127,541 921, 124 161,514 284,183 122,832 235,408 46,180 180,338 17,440 41,450 126,782 28,555 41,664 39,400 85,235 8,417 54,413 17,784 21,449 15,180 23,503 588,158 1?3,442 24,488 534,655 170,453 95,982 601, 448 160,667 6,400 83, 7W 95,567 1153, 174 1,765,135 36,743 57,081 46,552 37,957 1,040 225,206 3,102 70, 191 56,633 2,726 53,127 780 3,664 59,881 144,451 30,104 148,934 938,766 185,549 246,797 42,743 105,631 770,019 217,401 142,434 153,335 425,851 54,833 336,274 7,— 27,061 80,692 36,152 27,245 17,841 101,334 9,418 27,828 20,832 1,156 5,840 5.534 716,892 '48,698 26,390 1,041,598 207,270 119.027 1,191,950 82,67S 4,r- 123,322 111,476 $1,348,268 $208,889 272,682 12,968,451 $5,702 $4,880 298,888 24,134 8,640 6,282 336,889 610,012 6,269 243 15,674 22,678 4,644 16,932 161,382 150 3,010 5,527 39,625 795,185 114,316 4,287 100,390 12,872 20,697 25,290 3,990 18,460 2,840 7,010 42, 531 182 15,360 8,121 825 3,223 1,789 ■' 522 234,172 232,446 32,685 189,210 10,551 27,242 233, 115 8,688 5,600 5,600 1,098 169 1,975 626 4,446 50,723 17,727 39,809,841 1,537,540 264,762 657,622 87,253 59 1,050 14,385 22,147 5,371,527 873,692 1,030,994 29,454 1,413,760 146,581 23,691 2,200 569 19,893 86,669 80,403 113,755 5,052 9,403 7,512,773 8,287 9,675 2, 5179 29,116 5,851,236 204,348 263,271 122,494 425,766 1,656,344 3,039 133,744 37,797 76,861 71,260 33,235 546,088 1,705 75^734 13,408 1,803,949 9,300 209,042 15,879 211,908 1,428,392 60,668 102,981 614.475 88,540 215,730 8,264 23,036 162, 937 7,600 15,469 2,389 11,458 335 1,697 1,036 705 74,840 3,045 17,767 17,282 4,815 5,378 6,057 336,114 7,980 43,788 2,325 750,977 19.261 236,901 243 6,096 6,320 60,852 3,606 15,426 9,425 534 11,427 89,044 87,056 2,180 5,786 9,555 1,460 1,120 60,80i 5,200 7,460 412 141,,353 4,417,393 678,373 866 75 35 1,302 105,007 20,632 1,822 129,600 12,905 14,416 986,440 4,057 54,459 7,240 62,432 1,029 103,309 1,118,113 169,159 662,132 1,053,103 41,394 3,507 2,518 19,088 i8i,8;;o 38,182 40,448 148, 448 28,717 5,395 35,569 2,867 49,510 21,926 273 169,865 899,208 4,489 46,569 43,708 14,590 6,361 68,337 $13,656,576 36,054,157 736,583 352,993 970,351 551,435 8,198 1,237,819 '222)651 461,009 520,000 '46,890 461,144 11,966 69, 130 1,169,366 13,756.960 175,721 8,300,224 9,598,839 954,333 1,536,215 222,589 2,126,659 15,323,931 8,938,587 2,452,457 2,090,235 4,970,487 375,524 3,994,761 134,390 465,812 1,086,446 229,649 649,303 179,890 2,225,313 108,330 238,021 72,697 70,696 94,628 162,411 6,906,683 1,063,611 317,508 12,285,187 3,789,520 983,168 3,634,859 871,023 91,341 685,929 11,914,032 $8,137,571 3,883,907 32, 176 10,911 160, 181 15,813 1,377 1,656 517 15, 160, 99, 305, 482 807,563 24,075 45,849 1,260 25,795 215,645 246, 664 123,247 36,139 48,749 6,972 37,450 1,288 3,039 41,138 24,058 11,179 13,349 35,019 3,079 11,970 3,343 4,864 3,763 5,379 151,469 31,918 1,814 161,708 475,490 11,375 34,558 214,038 4,725 494, 146 $25,861,528 64,995,121 1,283,371 887,828 2,061,247 920,918 81,548 3,264,465 390, 551 1,124,686 1,097,985 119,988 929,047 48,950 127,176 1,858,919 17,509,256 746,779 51,596,022 39,435,995 2, 692, 744 3, 836, 779 393,622 4,611,485 26,662,534 11,132,980 6, 175, 739 3,669,634 9,221,978 875,476 7,301,986 308, 980 735,536 2,784,279 600.783 1,074,978 882,326 4,064,739 192, 715 719,344 220, 177 244,740 254,427 424,290 16,785,649 2,495,662 566,272 19,042,769 6,-951,794 1,590,702 11,470,734 2,962,680 171,198 1,560,279 16,892,727 $4,067,381 25,057,057 514,612 523,924 930, 715 353, 670 71,973 2,009, 165, 654, 571 : 72, 462, 36, 57, 673; 3,591,824 471, 42,989, Of^ttf!^(f°bfWfem'&dft^' 29,029,593 1,714,336 2,254,715 169,673 2,459,031 11,122,058 1,947,729 3,600,035 1,543,260 4,202,742 492,980 3,269,775 173,302 266,685 1,656,695 347,076 414.496 689,087 1,804,407 81,306 469,353 144,137 169,180 156,036 256,600 9,727,497 1,400,133 246,950 6,595,874 2,686,784 596, 159 7,801,317 1,877,619 78,961 869,625 4,484,549 ths. 94,160 178,709 1,019 458 685 54 393 191 37 21 1,044 7,920 2,077 7,634 34,847 824 1,577 47 8,416 26,343 7,724 6,381 1,435 1,130 76 984 20 50 1,484 1,558 469 634 1,041 113 352 131 166 55 321 6,559 1,717 60 8,304 24,613 418 1,694 7,941 29 84,160 147, 196 800 6 1,026 208 750 7,175 890 7,574 33, 617 125 520 36 8,038 18, 742 6,435 1,652 310 659 659 677 830 300 100 "36 30 130 5,337 1,250 50 7,170 18,230 10 832 1,900 2,607 i 2,072 10, 000 24,085 12 60 146 15 10 225 4 118 1,124 900 652 104 13 205 60 5 2 35 105 105 108 404 23 137 40 184 60 80 5 100 4,864 10 7,428 370 1,857 190 428 54 247 176 27 21 281 1,161 1,047 699 832 7 260 6,397 4,077 1,021 458 67 ■•i21 20 50 597 568 164 939 78 217 26 166 25 191' 1,172 448| 10 1,026 I 1,115 385 715 6,001 29 93 351 24,929 90, 170 604 103 93 75 35 728 875 ' 7, 736 180 22 1,207 2,043 4,391 373 481 'isi 2,023 771 4,666 3,587 591 941 326 350 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44 ^DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOU CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS WDCSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSON3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST EEPBESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THK STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Photographic apparatus Cameras and motion-picture machines. All other apparatus and parts. . . Photographic materials Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves Pickles and sauces Pipes, tobacco Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Pottery, china, earthen and stone ware. Poultry, killing and dressing , Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing , Book publishing and printing. . Book publishing \nthout print- ing. Linotype work, typesetting Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing Publishing without printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pumps, not Including power pumps. Pumps, steam and other power Steam Other power Refrigerators Regalia and society badges and emblems. Kooflng materials Metal shingles and ceilings . All other Rubber goods Saddlery and harness Saws Scales and balances Screws, machine Sewing machines and attachments. . Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels and repair work. . . Small boats Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties Electric signs Other signs Advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, zinc Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soap Soda-water apparatus Sporting and athletic goods Springs, steel, car, and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Automobile, carriage, wagon, and railway. Machinery and other Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stationery goods, not elsewheit" specified, .jtatuary and art goods 1,173 1,008 IS 132 15 35 6 29 833 409 11 14 23 6 17 17 216 28 12 21 12 150 13 94 43 70 ' Owned 22 I 13 power 343 311 32 337 1,634 1,486 228 1,258 118 3,931 27 1,606 166 24, 434 20,520 1,733 1,713 468 383 196 187 18,038 7,484 7,112 3,442 128 285 107 37 70 504 251 1,146 127 1,019 683 1,178 384 491 613 628 2,118 187 119 1,056 356 3,036 392 1,404 1,240 3,762 357 3,107 1,446 860 575 257 318 1, 732, 514 only. 33 1,037 930 7 94 31 5 26 1,143 3 2 1 4 229 26 6 10 2 14 12 132 10 33 10 1,094 63 146 9 20 1,111 278 358 475 11 18 22 10 12 17 14 22 17 40 16 5 11 31 13 137 37 43 57 342 40 24 76 39 28 20 10 10 38 199 133 10 123 20 330 1,918 1,171 118 616 32 56 4,375 2,494 571 1,310 24 16 8 157 16 141 68 71 24 33 32 27 303 27 12 414 114 142 158 ,620 145 25 148 26 100 32 5 5 1,493 628 42 812 139 74 65 719 531 1,138 9 5 177 41 52 84 194 79 23 234 217 17 265 1,255 1,192 206 3,422 23 1,459 109 18,892 16,925 1,503 45 419 76 20 9,021 3,950 4,783 288 77 240 68 23 45 416 194 862 94 768 563 819 312 432 531 567 1,717 137 50 87 967 311 2,176 190 1,074 912 31,315 3,573 282 2,144 1,176 769 488 215 273 1,572 467 450 Ja Au» Au 239 19 314 Ja 1,352 Je : Se 1,605 Ja 89 Ap 3,577 Oo» 31 Oc 1, 771 De Mh 17,610 Au 1, 612 Ja' 50 Mh 439 Ja» 20 Mh 4,032 Mh 4,839 Oc Ja 312 264 Oc' Ja 67 De 446 My 223 My = Mys My Mh Au Mh Je Mh Mh 121 843 601 457 687 596 1,821 Ap Je 80 117 Mh 1,208 Fe 340 Ap Je No De 35,366 1,179 De Mh Mh My 3,783 312 2,227 1,310 858 Ja My Ap 1,865 Fes No 485 471 198 15 200 Ja» De Se 1,201 Ja 146 Je 785 Oc 74 De 3, 122 Aps 15 Ja 1,141 Mh My 16,729 De 1,390 No De » 402 Au Au Au Ja Je» De 4,695 265 72 202 Je 20 Je 37 Au' 382 Ja 172 Ja Ja Au Au Mh De Oc No No ^4 653 519 747 411 349 518 1,625 De Ja Au De 825 280 Ja 177 No 971 Jy My 28,264 De De Jy Au 3,468 257 2,072 1,080 709 Oc Ja Jy 186 227 1, No» 444 Ja 422 230 209 21 200 1,250 1,724 166 1,658 87 3,122 31 1,581 140 18,785 16,899 1,446 41 94 74 20 9,101 4,005 4,818 278 77 207 68 24 44 412 178 738 550 850 297 410 496 548 1,641 137 55 1,067 293 2,243 201 1,104 938 34,658 3,499 266 2,093 1,105 768 464 201 263 1,487 Digitized by iVIicm^tyiW 447 303 468 466 power, other than electric. 179 171 102 1,017 882 71 811 68 2,967 31 1,554 139 13,928 12,631 942 24 331 64 56 8 7,410 3,421 3,714 275 76 201 68 24 44 412 54 815 82 733 474 798 277 408 485 526 1,576 137 55 354 293 1,706 181 990 535 31,102 3,474 265 1,481 990 437 460 201 259 1,194 49 36 13 97 230 792 95 697 18 152 1 4,296 3,763 455 17 61 30 18 12 1,477 461 1,013 3 1 115 690 487 20 103 364 3,500 531 13 321 274 140 2 373 13 187 111 76 11 14 18 23 1 21 102 2 168 132 36 25 60 $972,119 952,966 19, 153 866,918 2, 135, 774 3,654,134 473,507 3,180,627 242,078 9,266,996 6,300 3,938,600 187,200 36,363,178 24,684,282 4,642,317 6,541,724 684,855 805,381 377,720 427,661 32,568,038 17,912,760 10,015,609 4,639,769 487, 196 616,275 352,— 109,600 242,682 1,222,931 386,983 5,766,142 640,178 5,225,964 1,675,391 2,840,537 772,942 1,247,732 1,507,103 1,420,991 5,377,354 394,351 225,509 168,842 614,633 690,693 8,207,060 2,037,731 4,205,443 1,963,886 210,561,104 15,014,348 1,957,993 12,308,263 4,811,475 1,011,493 1,289, 933,122 356,744 4,323,264 783,197 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 351 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.« Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. 145, Oil 7,164 2,764,751 2,136,482 135,445 448,506 44,318 93,148 39,600 53,548 2,810,107 1,026,403 _64S,961 1,137,743 37,857 29,990 31,488 11,466 20,022 38,931 22,195 219,132 31,063 188,069 71,302 58,838 27,186 78,944 39,515 122,211 22,470 9.120 13,350 79,494 26,126 360, 181 54,420 160,900 144,861 1,622,632 190,087 87,390 267,391 131,900 49,473 106,546 68,512 38,034 132,897 90,394 48,371 73,855 5,387 3,001,934 1,646,829 204,285 1,230,367 20,453 159,572 69,710 89,862 6,066,890 3,032,807 831,662 2,202,421 41,002 18,018 8,776 2,628 6,148 38,519 21,656 279,437 17,553 261,884 81,246 78,831 35,856 60,188 36,005 41,685 413,458 6,817 3,200 3,617 35,856 23,167 563,191 40,807 287, 721 234,663 8,551,108 241,216 64,860 792,125 226,284 54,074 69,559 39,407 30, 152 120,260 186,813 45,249 S188,046 172,287 15,759 138,467 1,183,761 538,224 99,971 438,253 44,957 2,157,035 12,752 915,105 14,013,192 12,569,942 934,961 41,681 466,608 62,626 51,370 11,256 6,711,009 3,299,019 3,230,463 181,527 64,027 186,391 59,849 20,868 38,991 290,763 88,159 579,326 43,561 635,765 341,625 646,518 246,594 294,286 397,947 373,043 850,460 43,636 56,273 440,209 220,109 1,404,249 114, 864 810, 869 478, 516 19,285,765 2,571,407 190,174 1,254,752 897,583 397,188 322,522 138,872 183,650 $9,835 8,000 1,835 51,522 40,050 40,050 36i 48 3,746,938 1,691,391 10,630 2,040,367 4,550 273,312 40,909 232,403 4,741,706 87,385 4,656,022 2,317 3,465 3,778 14,251 49 14,202 375 3,765 32,301 ■"'"369 524 524 2,122 359,691 5,325 328, 162 26,204 21,697 52 21,882 "'6,'76i 290,397 326,070 Same number reported 5,409 14,250 8,546 6,670 3,999 3,690 94,120 62,325 26,970 35,355 9,612 57,374 300 60 5,746 1,619,702 1,410,748 128,097 62,211 18,646 32,914 11,780 21,134 709,347 230,755 255,321 223,271 12,270 1,220 6,584 1,770 4,814 8,343 7,950 5,591 1,920 3,671 14, 118 63,226 11,987 7, 16, 718 10,310 2,986 4,941 4,081 35,899 16,908 96,705 17.078 49,392 30,235 165,065 21,250 9,378 83,495 14,520 27,015 22,765 2,700 20,065 42,328 24,786 15,752 for one oi $4,002 76 5,862 15,292 26,416 5,039 21,377 271 47,807 23,593 162,165 126,288 12,743 21,167 1,967 3,308 668 2,640 192,217 105,036 56,688 30,493 3,279 5,065 1,664 903 761 5,242 2,701 30,542 1,357 29.185 9, 142 18,874 4,766 6,617 8,321 9,830 20,681 1,137 429 2,565 2,958 27,985 6,407 15,038 6,540 844,076 60,755 7,787 77,848 26,610 7,809 8,619 6,088 2,531 18,587 13,212 4 $177,460 168,476 8,984 453,743 551,988 3,569,563 714, 136 2,855,427 41,518 2,496,519 34,885 199,240 1,043,013 18,857,206 17,453,882 869,385 457,234 76,705 124,327 66,707 57,620 9,988,297 5,693,282 2,941,979 1,353,036 131,286 280,723 121, 293 40,033 81,260 586,593 262,502 4,192,815 331,571 3,861,244 912,246 2,061,195 3,082,138 580,671 517,184 413,779 1,006,370 105,3(J7 33,860 71,447 797,653 247,096 1,786,684 247,207 785,548 753,929 407,042,018 12,976,157 3,446,929 14,936,204 1,756,956 1,198,731 615,409 351,457 263,952 1,247,881 861,116 144,407 $6,703 6,582 121 8,512 39,279 40,040 10,708 29,332 1,500 188,631 158,599 1,114 498,148 448,763 37,078 3,130 9,177 3,751 2,922 829 352,618 183>403 167,828 1,387 6,059 9,536 2,922 1,622 1,300 9,225 2,186 126,105 8,749 117,366 52,794 17,240 37,375 51,735 20,170 25,072 48,831 2,852 775 2,077 9,589 8,205 36,976 2,344 20,543 14,089 1,853,052 1,224,235 68,663 316,689 31,929 27,253 43,020 31,069 11.951 82,474 $511,440 470,850 40,590 803,966 3,356,688 5,525,057 968,062 4,556,995 154,623 6,260,419 52,114 1,787,541 1,243,910 54,625,954 44,311,634 2,786,955 6,760,076 767,289 1,042,794 339,105 703,689 47,026,681 20,524,821 12,042,212 14,459,648 453,217 602,164 275,373 113,812 161,561 1,109,998 521,786 6,643,854 416, 872 6,226,982 1,980,133 3,433,482 3,868,144 1,225,072 1,375,843 1,028,463 3,547,849 283,341 116,175 167, 166 1,632,322 694,053 6,045,092 528,750 3,294,857 2,221,485 485,362,180 18,421,039 4,587,299 21,420,035 4,237,536 2,237,529 1,399,764 790,570 609,194 3,578,943 2,041,713 4,695 144,407 7.710 818,918 QigiH^&^ty Microsome $327,277 295,792 31,485 341,7111 2, 765. 421 ! 1,915,454' 243,218 1,672,236 111,605 3,575,269 17,163 1,429,702 199,783 35,270,600 28,408,9891 1,880,492 6,299,712 681,407 914,716 269,476 645,240 36,685,766 14,648,136 8,932,405 13,105,225 315,872 311,905 151, 158 72, 157 79,001 514, 180 257,098 2,324,934 76,552 2,248,382 1,015,093 1,355,047 748,631 592,666 838,489 689, 812 2,492,648 175, 182 81,540 93,642 825,080 438, 753 4,221,432 279, 199 2, 488, 766 1,453,467 76,467,110 4,220,647 1,071,707 6, 167, 142 2, 448, 851 1,011,545 741,335 408,044 3.33, 291 2, 248, 588 314 254 358 1,071 3,017 249 2,768 61 4,534 1,376 51 17,031 14,288 2,593 71 79 118 63 55 12,997 7,291 5,663 43 163 349 107 77 30 648 62 1,766 234 1,532 1,951 501 921 1,795 702 1,045 2,615 251 171 314 430 1,888 48 689 1,171 66,598 16,253 1,337 6,108 1, 373 307 1,875 355 972 168 804 1,961 1,955 2,125 1,090 500 138 560 1,180 190 450 2,300 95 268 543 210 333 60,778 16, 213 1,055 3,568 375 1,186,375 440 666,801 2051 j) number reported throughout the year. 1,190 100 120 185 78 21 30 265 265 875 81 794 25 142 123 115 83 34 49 216 40 18 1,501 115 17 25 100 115 314 254 60 57 531 1,967 81 l,i 59 2,389 125 21 12,686 12,088 468 71 79 118 63 55 10,514 6,120 4,351 43 123 199 52 27 25 148 1,032 60 972 751 261 555 1,605 472 570 173 128 72 56 217 162 1,262 48 425 789 5,604 264 1,039 1,315 463 156 307 660 312 85 334 398 456 160 296 1,137 673 2,134 1,204 523 422 101 346 154 154 203 131 100 5 1,579 13 13 53 37 372 213 159 25,807 6,798 316 415 422 422 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 281 65 352 MANUFACTURJ^S^ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL. STATEMENT FOR THE. STATE AND FOR CITIES OF ,50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- hsb- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 16, OE NEAE- EST BEPEESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- * tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male, Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum montb. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES- Continued. 12 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus. Radiators and cast-iron heating boilers. AH other ' Steam packing Stencils and brands - . Stereotyping and eleotrotssping . Stoves and hat-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves. ... Stoves and ranges -^i.. Hot-air furnaces and flreless cookers. Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in ' steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances :■. Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. ; . 'Tinware,not elsewjiere specified;.,. Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Tools, not e&ewhere specified Toys and games. Trunks and valises , Type founding Upholstering materials, not else- where specifledi Varnishes , Vault lights and ventilators , , ^Vinegar and cider j Vinegar Cider , -■Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Wall plaster Washmg -machines and clothes wringers. Windmills, not elsewhere specified. . Window and door screens and weather strips. Window and door screens. .Weatherstrips Window shades and fixtures . . ; . Wire Wirework, including wire:rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. .' " Woven- wire fencing All other Wood preserving Wood, turned and carvedj Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wool pulling , . . . Woolen goods 1 . . . All other ladustries * 1 . 34 8 115 14 32 44 1,578 68 14 47 7 32 3,052 640 2,412 212 25 935 3,930 3,649 281 703 S, 1,000 3,808 1,721 8,618 1,388 183 ,1,224 318 481 902 183 210 198 12 677 74 356 197 155 42 1,143 3,241 1,164 641 613 496 564 146 364 22,739 32 78 15 16 11 43 1,730 1 7 3 4 2 2 14 4 26 24 2 37 30 27 108 20 24 1 51 153 133 20 141 14 37 14 10 75 17 12 11 1 19 7 31 48 20 9 11 33 105 66 32 34 34 33 9 18 552 294 225 10 146 313 21 64 660 182 228 234 72 84 22 29 290 12 24 23 1 87 15 37 119 7 4 3 113 10 2,154 64 21 43 8 1 25 109 15 95 104 si 115 64 56 54 13 25 14 5 13 719 2,579 529 2,050 164 16 705 3,323 3,106 217 594 4,933 654 697 3,383 1,196 6,457 1,115 139 1,035 266 434 440 143 160 155 5 544 48 247 1,182 136 lis 23 918 2,763 400 404 47? Il5 323 19,236 Fe Mh De Te De Au My Ja De Je No AP Se Mh 592 2,219 204 16 716 Ap Se 6e Jy Je Se De My No 'Mh. Ap Ap Je 3,646 241 718 5,198 756 765 3, 716 1,301 6,628 1,209 231 1,084 301 475 472 171 Oo Oo Fe Je Jy Mh 1,2 172 19 640 51 293 171 30 946 2,996 604 420 609 57 De Ja Ja Mh De De Se -Fe De Au 465 1,927 126 16 De Fe Ja De Au De No' De Oc Ja De J7 De De Mh 196 480 4,116 587 627 3,021 1,126 6,324 952 83 964 232, 401 410 112 Ja Ja« Je De Ja ?ro 145, 392 44 994 64 18 887 2,ll3 ,10 243 2,416 475 1,941 202 16 684 3,053 2,837 216 641 4,1121 3,133 1,131 6,739 1,091 177 253 401 ' 413 137 187 168 19 551 49 236 1,149 138 112 26 891 2,123 877 447 , 430 41(j 489 96 48 334 2,321 473 1,848 193 12 682 3,023 2,808 215 623 4,101 366 -34 2,212 5,005 1,068 ' i'oi 905 206 371 137 176 157 19 450 49 236 432 377 409 481 96 48 238 91 1 1 10 7 313 553 900 760 1,656 19 75 121 91 40 101 1,142 3 131 3 106 2 25 1 686 199 2,105 H -809 63 129 4 $7,857,418 1,859,584 5,997,834 -264,369 19,930 Sl2,634 9.474,717 8,825,539 '649,178 1,687,986 11,870,862 1,692,821 807,946 22,232,974 5,885.510 6,136,000 2,384,459 214,916 1,630,878 1,695,379 1,276,327 5,136,827 300,984 1,021,460 1,007,610 13,850 2,021,336 469,558 693,725 3,754,664 288,477 120,337 168,140 2,916,766 11,205,146 4,028,399 3,022,735 1,005,864 2,161,350 , 764,377 30^,715 63,384 831,467 114,424,343 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than, electric. * All other industries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts.... -^ 2 Aluminum ware '. 4 Ammunition 1 Bags, paper, not uicluduig bags made Iq paper mills 2 Bells 1 Belting and hose, woven 2 Butter, reworking 2 Cars, electric-railroad, not hicluding operations ot railroad companies. . . 1 Clocks 5 Clothing, horse _ 3 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 3 Cordage and twine 3 Cork, cutting.,.'. 3 Cotton goods , , ,, 4 Cotton small wares. 2 Drug grinding.,,,, ,-, 3 Dyestuffs and extracts ,' , , 2 Enameling 1 2 Felt goods : 2 Files , 3 Fire extinguishers, chemical 2 Fireworks J 3 Fuel, inanufaotured ; 1 Glucose and starch 5 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 4 Hammocks 2 Hardware, saddlery 5 Honesand whetstones. ....... ...-.., 1 Ink, writing ,,:,,, 6 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe,. Iron and steel, wrought proe :. 3 Ivory, shell, and bone work "..:.. 3 Lace, cotton .^ - 1 Lasts..., ; , 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Liquors, vmous 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. a63 EXPENSES. Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Bent of laotory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent oi power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power In- gener- temal- Water ated' Steam com- wheels Electric in Total. en- bus- and (rent- estab- gines.i tion mo- ed). lish- en- tors.! ments gines.2 report- ing. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $322,160 $362,246 81,696 99,183 240,464 53,653 760 139,034 263,063 14,828 468 104,366 358,965 459,024 307,700 61,266 421,383 37,641 74,196 678,262 63,842 727,753 116,153 321,797 52,089 127,337 259,182 117,680 361,163 532,649 250,697 183,680 301,214 110,997 24,400 13,633 84,081 40,692 30,913 104,456 30,963 45,966 245,863 481,508 45,654 39,399 38,799 600 86,400 18,479 65,875 28,961 32,295 31,495 800 103,215 19,365 56,356 142,894 37,504 163,370 10,430 9,124 28,380 73,470 264,343 164,799 6,770 4,660 182,488 424,228 151,031 56,151 98,648 72,642 61,626 8,790 108,520 42,511 64,371 30,379 11,651 30,832 1,996,256 10,094 2,908,530 $1,540,214 $13,283 $48,686 $35,999 346,078 3,006 6,539 9,817 1,194,136 130,525 10,590 10,277 3,200 43,046 10,712 2,66'' 75,685 26,182 1,271 138 2,377 627,753 3,676 2,464,079 58,126 29,948 64,642 2,292,454 171,626 17,427 40,698 22,494 7,464 61,228 3,316 395,418 3,650,883 24,898 600,052 6,693 63,637 12,697 89,606 383,867 10,529 28,616 7,446 237, .396 137,286 20,952 4,452 1,980,059 584,726 176 160 47,331 10,569 57,338 2,204,731 3,924,031 798,637 2,736 28,238 237,829 74,221 1,026,556 11,037 79,017 3,824 11,886 605 693, 741 72,843 34,531 14, 191 10,545 6,637 7,607 36,462 195,215 239,529 314,467 1,817 7,427 37,156 149,206 112,853 6,800 989 914 75 27,210 1,650 19,731 1,935 8,661 8,445 106 10,451 2,893 1,685 109,745 3,108 336,088 36,753 160,277 960 13,820 6,520 749,262 94,737 37,062 2,385 21,200 8,916 31,181 2,463 75,495 19,242 543,629 2,057,511 555^408 5,470 3,446 35,965 1,236 1,227 15,486 50,206 12,717 2,385 415 15,821 26,238 315,643 239,866 290,194 295,221 64,357 3,349 12,472 2,461 23,777 2,114 22, 163 1,510 7,373 5,344 11,538 3,421 2,034 692 3,000 28,869 166 038 16,621 2,940 108,905 3,862 191 4,241 795,658 11,788,944 267,492 $2,217,978 $138,304 640,908 47,590 1,577,070 303,828 12,351 364,412 90,714 5,377 302 43,304 3,219,676 111,966 2,797,366 422,309 104,488 7,477 843, ,=24 8,351,033 15,774 194,160 1,619,000 27,102 1,213,048 6,966 8,352,536 4,947,569 135,579 24,233 5,045,396 866,612 36,644 77,270 134,021 1,696 1,227,510 326, 676 1,211,974 11,782 8,608 32,873 2,988,469 4M34 275,387 474,447 468,403 6,044 1,251,692 142,205 616,067 2,611 17,909 17,239 670 29,531 4,360 6,875 1,457,785 211,776 34,871 5,678 93,763 118,023 3,580,253 9,530,061 3,381,514 4,664 '914 51,668 342,017 39,163 2,700,815 680,699 1,604,464 592,732 117,206 24,788 14,376 39,680 16,344 3,221 448,675 418,898 77,070,923 726 17,069 1,436,637 $5,470,380 1,402,515 4,067,866 616, 882 37, 170 1,593,829 8,404,439 7,434,806 989,633 1,798, .569 18,023,040 3, 135, 199 2,076,6.56 12,937,296 12,716,651 13,320,078 2,615,665 371,108 2,637,761: 792,772 1,770,525 6,445,680 673, 167 791,064 773, 540 17,614 2,264,048 281, 310 1,137,217 3, 194, 144 660,988 238,536 322, 463 4,960,677 16,219,277 4,682,478 3,368,321 1,314,167 2,317,393 1,181,977 261,407 498,482 717,466 109,768,407 $3,114,( 714,017 2,400,081 307,677 24,617 1, 186, 113 5,072,799 4,532,952 539,847 939,261 7,477,857 1,489,097 856,642 4,449,181 7,744,849 8,238,038 1,671,773 235,391 457,689 625,678 2,416,077 295, 169 298, 698 287, 898 10,800 972,925 134, 746 ' 614,276 1,701,488 343,634 140,118 203,616 1,318,856 5,347,199 1,261,801 642,718 619,083 773,269 672,901 140,980 49,081 281,499 31,260,847 4,492 788 3,704 125 1,- 4,678 4,248 330 602 13, 148 658 135 3,089 1,000 143 3,367 62 622 796 1,462 1,604 91 705 605 loo; 1,062; 279, 296 2,076 266 209 57, 2,102 17,006 1,677 795 882: 925 1,015 272 35 940 56,302 3,720 485 3,236 35 2,411 2,411 360 5,586 386 1,493 965 76 1,355 281 710 593 630 575 55 687 240 1,580 20 20 1,636 16,166 446 446 725 665 245 25 600 49,490 152 140 12 65 170 434 2 376 100 30 34 22 12 200 110 6 89 330 150 260 50 210 280 30 731 428 80 7 1,339 2,015 1,1 318 197 7,412 143 135 1,142 33 66 1,106 48 241 421 642 915 50 50 25 26 373 39 150 224 167 57 466 701 723 215 240 22 10 60 6,1841 3,603 1,143 1,143 136 5,308 362 2 502 365 228 15 105 ■ 1 2 I 4*558 175 175 1,063 147 80 96 24,698 12 ' Same number reported throughout the year. < None reported for one or more other months. Matches 2 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes. . . 1 Nets and seines 3 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 2 Oil, linseed 4 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Oleomargarine 4 Optical goods 10 Paper patterns 3 Peanuts, ^ding, roasting, cleaning, and shelling Pencils, lead Phonographs and graphophones Plated ware Pulp goods E ules, ivory and wood Sates and vaults Salt Sand and emery paper and cloth gorews, wood 2 Sewing-machine cases 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 Silk goods including throwsters 3 Silversmithlng and silverware 1 Smelting and refining, lead 4 Sugar, beet 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 2 Tin plate and temeplate 1 Tinfoil 1 Typewriters and supplies . . , Umbrellas and canes Waste Watch and clock materials. , Watch ease? , Watches , Whips Wool scouring , Wool shoddy , 11 4 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 82101°— 18- -23 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 3^ MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. • Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. CHICAGO— All industries. . Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobiles ; Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bags, other than paper Baking powders and yeast Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes, cigar ... Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and bakery products Bakery products, other than biscuits and crackers. Biscuits and crackers Brick, terra-cotta, and fire-clay prod- ucts. Brooms Brushes Butter Buttons Calming and preserving, fish. Card cutting and designing Cardboard, not made in paper mills Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and wagons Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Chemicals Cleansingandpolishingpreparations Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Cloth, sponging and reflnishing Clothing, men's Clothing, men's, buttonholes Clothing, women's Regular factories SuitS; skirts, cloaks, shirt waists, and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers, house dresses, and all other. Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists, dresses, wrap- pers, and all other. Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Confectionery Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels... Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cutlery and edge tools Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplier. Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating 30 59, 1,306 1,294 11 6 4 3 21 9 127 113 14 15 42 13 29 546 6! 227i 201 147, 131 97 34 28 28 125 36 387,319 354 1,220 654 340 400 318 913 58 36 217 21 2,' 4,331 363 3,424 1,451' 10,422 7,331' 3,091 468, 350 : 377, 115 365 139 94 ^ 229 55 2,073 2,023' 50 12,525 16,413 258 190 45, 145 138 37,647 12 8,637 8,054 6,088 511 1,455 583 329 254 791 5,907 6,334 673 1,194 2,241 52; 221 485 7,140 385 8,18411,881 39,124 1 Owned power only. 36 21 34 1,379 1,373 21 11 147 127 20 3 39 14 25 6 623 78 59 19 16 266 9 4 11 42 4 80 77 13 147 67 80 133 156 140 267 2,i7| 2!6| 2'.2, 176 167 197 152 45 43 104 32 12 125 85 13 19 12 255 "6 32 196 17 229 106 92 984 650 334 49 4 20 1 121 121 i 497 679 40 26 7 19 14,420 86 6 121 17 23 246 211 35 2 37 5171 2,7.32 1,8 431 423 356 97 453 411 42 19 127 117 958 372 369 308 16 45 3 ""3 316 303 13 11 70 13 13 99 344 Digfti^d by miarosofm ^ •' i Includes r6nte( 313,710 293 928 501 259 307 275 552 45 22 147 10 2,381 320 3,756 3,223 1,222 7,680' 4,998, 2,682 395 Mh 323, 852 294 311 67 320 123 73 170 41 1,735 1,705 30 11,835 15,539 174 89 20 69 123 31,908 6 7,330 6,794 5,081 434 1,279 5.36 309 227 654 4,863 4,409 454 1,105 1,674 480 187 226 5,508 My No My Je Se Je Mha Mh" Jy Au3 Jy Jy 4,132 314 :,088 561 276 393 281 590 51 23 169 12 Fe Ja 333 4,031 Mh 3,356 My 1,363 Oc3 5,090 Oc Jy Oc Mh Au 0) De Je Ap JyS 2,885 540 317 345 73 349 9 263 80 201 45 Ap Jy3 34 12,494 Oc 18,585 Mh3 183 De Au3 Jy 26 73 126 Je 32,957 Jy3 7 Oc 6,060 Mh 494 No 1,405 Se Ap Fe 395 262 685 Oc 6, 206 Au 636 Oc 1, 178 Au 1, 778 Oc Mh Je Fe 555 221 243 5,829 Au 305,464 313, 1&3 Oc Ja De Ja Oc No Ja Jy My a Au Jas N Ap Ap3 My No No 787 428 237 261 260 516 40 21 120 2,168 3,667 313 3,106 904 Ja Ja Ap Je No Mh Jy (0 Ja Ja Oc3 Ja 2,342 204 276 256 63 288 9 43 65 155 34 De 1,443 Ja3 Ja 11,150 My 12,640 Fe 151 Ja3 De Des 17 65 120 No 30,900 Ja" 4 Je 4,341 Au 371 Ja 1, 107 De 231 197 Jy 3, 835 Ja 3 309 Je 1,060 Fe 1,545 Jy Jy Au De 256 159 6,183 293 313 1,007 447 264 320 268 644 44 22 145 11 2,375 4,056 314 3,703 3,130 1,190 7,844 5,166 2,678 652 312 266 66 337 9 262 72 170 44 1,561 1,524 27 11,704 16,750 171 96 28 68 120 32,138 7 7,595 7,016 5,188 413 1,415 579 336 5,349 4,881 463 1,102 1,718 501 194 224 5,249 290 246,564 313 986 446 251 165 119 404 38 19 82 1,272 2,637 121 1,381 3,017 1, 164 5,674 4,300 1,374 548 218 178 161 41 129 41 1,541 1,514 27 11,685 16,687 156 79 17 62 113 15,438 3 2,500 2,247 2,057 41 149 253 195 . S8 506 2,384 1, — 452 1,096 1,690 427 188 139 4,207 276 62,307 1,644 2,668 201 2' 2 1 151 149 140 5 3 60 2 1,044 1,334 154 1,877 111 25 2,095 827 1,268 4 94 78 18 164 195 30 36 3 10 10 16,160 4 4,993 4,671 3,062 366 1,244 322 141 181 120 2,569 2,553 16 5 17 149 30 404 36 391 3&3 383 1 11 ::;"~: 10 1 1 33 ""'io 4 I $1,190,068,927 372, 091 1,688,565 1,666,686 236,522 485,730 464,731 5,983,274 46,745 72,260 327,948 15,684 2,646,752 5,238,735 335,723 5,140,704 4,727,405 2,929,072 21,624,442 9,541,876 12,082.566 1,408,476 198,139 736, 188 443,286 320,814 6,542 133,057 166,511 87,305 45,261 9,519,926 9,429,143 90,783 20,270,194 29,726,689 1,754,100 334,326 37,025 297,301 36,999,269 4,000 5,977,059 5,871,306 4,392,301 470,725 1,008,280 106,763 29,640 76,213 2,320,232 8,841,019 7,071,159 1,769,860 1,931,224 3,641,404 844,953 699,310 1,128,107 15,323,517 161,237 Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. 355 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of • power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $34,841,617 $55,452,893 8213,737,372 117,419,449 $13,302,675 S15,6S0,13S S874,446,48e $27,486,908 $1,483,498,416 $581,565,022 681,114 486,276 47,137 307 148,394 228,059 1 36,446 .185,978 95,412 16,482 36,337 41,310 292,334 14,346 197,310 96,072 16,290 31,441 24,603 295,368 312 4,864 68,933 398 154,385 186,163 25,111 372,369 149,885 126, 184 1,215,705 854,686 361,019 65,576 ■ 9,319 16,841 29,034 20,806 282,145 676, 775 430,724 204,929 202,486 140,646 352,829 22,979 17,033 80,513 5,490 1,392,082 2,356,510 140,806 1,699,806 1,802,926 S96, 754 5,091,013 3,857,824 1,23.% 189 351,328 175,946 197,069 41,836 146,715 4,864 56,976 40,542 100,148 .30,107 1,295,358 1,271,334 24,024 8,260,288 13,922,995 112,424 61,605 10,801 40,804 86,005 18,770,681 3,248 4,259.842 3,977,904 3,276,302 236,284 465,318 281,938 187,648 94,290 440,165 2,407,072 2,026,265 380,807 627,603 1,386,688 211,844 119, 197 182,118 3,648,201 236,479 2,000 1,913 600 1,864 4,107 503 7,723 101,143 45,608 29,477 31,079 20,444 147,815 2,216 4,166 7,930 928 172,629 128,127 17, 773 185,141 89,630 69,660 606,990 631,473 76,517 45,161 11,299 15,261 18,640 11,808 420 2,620 10,400 11,004 8,616 89,000 85,186 3,814 2,33C 14,232 6,798 2, MS 2,109 4,323 39,562 412 157 2,871 108 11,813 145,857 1,670 25,557 44,538 17,187 166,216 100,683 65,533 10,266 1.339 3,889 2,830 717 52 520 607 691 301 67,248 55,897 1,351 34,573 176,051 11.846 2)070 165 1,905 300 179,475 24 17,542 16,986 14,173 1,504 1,308 657 183 374 12,500 180, 738 170,424 10,314 13,547 24,111 2,917 4,873 758 306,235 797,225 1,299,232 119,522 686,798 2,319,657 3,035,671 21,695 62,023 292,266 12,214 1,504,907 7,496,665 244,783 3,261,601 4,395,426 4,286,884 16,791,000 11,633,276 5,157,724 51,796 353,697 652,127 1,089,478 177,370 23,370 35,666 103,356 55,887 65,641 2,473,634 2,444,634 29,000 6,645,936 31,851,421 1,007,030 324,772 33,158 291,614 400 37,761,864 721 10,311,717 10,203,070 8,006,452 825,468 1,371,150 108,647 5,059 103,588 1,052,378 12,247,385 10,844,198 1,403,187 2,549,939 2,624,642 204,928 142,164 tizmn 75,393 6,918 38,329 20,427 11,038 6,633 6,497 95,763 496 1,532 4,712 171 37,385 26,322 6,088 63,661 24,524 96,353 626,647 521,210 105,437 120,695 5,170 12,361 7,712 7,075 700 1,565 2,481 5,563 1,411 67,152 65,666 1,487 443,508 537,491 56,529 4,354 829 3,625 1,632 294,404 340 67,844 61,354 46,760 5,679 8,915 6,490 3,230 3,260 18,518 228, 873 167,147 61, 726 24,366 48,179 12,120 8,154 10,150 840,795 2,459,227 2,240,906 477,642 1,308,418 2,876,238 7,904,730 73,901 77,316 652,933 26,860 4,170,860 11,663,097 577,038 6,946,312 7,486,648 6,313,930 34,217,248 22,897,064 11,320,184 927,624 691,198 1,037,512 1,347,098 437,633 38,477 167,096 214,884 244,424 114,813 4,989,377 4,913,026 76,361 16,687,929 60,930,691 1,816,671 613,827 84,234 529,593 159,896 83,394,069 8,931 19,211,137 18, 705, 638 14,934,701 1,325,676 2,445,261 ' 505,499 243,742 261,757 2,262,068 22,979,704 20,348,661 2,631,043 3, 676, 528 5,640,362 611,025 680,913 487,360 527, 642 1,623,673 921,247 347,082 614,987 560,184 4,773,296 61,711 13,761 256,965 14,475 2.628,568 4, 140, 110 326, 167 3,620,050 3,066,698 1,932,693 16,799,601 10,742,578 6,057,023 755,133 332,331 473,024 249,908 253,088 14,407 129,875 109,047 182,874 57,761 2,448,591 2,402,727 45>864 9,698,485 18,541,779 753,012 284,701 60,247 234,464 ' 167,863 46,337,801 7,870 8,831,576 8,441,214 6,881,489 494,529 1,065,196 390,362 235,453 154,909 1,191,162 10,603,446 9,337,316 1, 166, 130 1,101,223 2,967,541 393,977 530,595 ■(^ 920, 158 ^Kf, 416, 789 401,817 242 1,166 446 251 213 292 2,951 21 17 184 10 105 24 20 208 1,041 446 199 208 167 212 21 12 106 io 149 1,672 6 2 s 4 15 125 2,724 37 6 5 6 7 15 S 50 <> 8,400 18,620 862 210,983 205,807 34,816 305,943 186,953 183,420 390,305 273,998 116,307 49,084 17,900 49,574 38,862 27,379 58 5 20 10 43 11 7,703 960 1,186 2,022 210 2,148 7,893 2,153 6,543 4,468 2,076 2,386 104 203 233 146 1,663 40 462 7,310 25 2,860 1,466 1,405 2,020 15 50 15 109 75 280 61 61 1 1,171 408 165 1,577 508 1,848 3,622 2,962 670 338 104 126 170 146 845 "'"466 599 "'i,'695 958 737 76 13 14 2,426 1,246 21,920 3,832 3,832 16! 17 18 19. 20 120,000 2,933 4,921 9,113 3,226 22 5 22 ! 9S 75 63 2 24 . ■'6 97 13,012 21,970 11,275 3,600 145,710 145,710 4,889 9,958 19,368 951 175,709 176, 709 58 135 128 23 4,681 4,514 67 13,160 27,052 950 92 25 67 35 4,148 6 1,051 978 614 113 251 73 32 41 1,100 7,505 4,646 2,959 2,067 1,565 636 269 595 4,849 439 58 135 128 23 1,142 1,075 67 725 1,408 225 80 13 67 35 3,620 6 1,051 978 614 113 251 73 32 41 392 3,351 1,338 2,013 151 1,099 45 114 -61 3,172 355 "2,"i97 2,197 8,603 19,853 5 359 134 3,015 2,466 649 20 297 114 94 64 1,913 a 9(( 9q 766 ^n 31 37,344 37,144 200 69,748 3,380 3,380 59 69 32 33 34 215,134 398,116 48,176 45,366 1,666 43,700 9,113 2,195,810 501,824 797,524 60,968 57,466 4,816 52,640 2,028 4,504,791 12,413 21,501 405 12 12 12 4,088 320 65 33,660 11,629 15,773 6,325 9,448 , 14,970 1,358,286 480 421,087 406,378 32'7,448 25,803 53,127 14,709 7,050 7,659 28,434 272,351 235,371 36,980 24,889 144,910 3,789 7,358 21,640 345,176 34,453 36 360 1,302 602 800 37 39 40 41 5,220,017 490 38 42 628,229 622,049 406,521 - 54,668 60,860 6,180 5,4d0 780 97,086 638,302 550,672 87^630 109,273 249,328 30,974 27, 744 86,677 852,605 32,172 612,943 600,071 513,434 39,978 46,659 12,872 329,009 329,009 328,559 44 . 45 46 47 450 4S 50 51 12,872 198,638 784,409 716,463 67,946 30,718 177,204 28,373 26,266 241,389 1,427,407 7,648 675 3,337 3,062 , 275 ' 1,916 358 575 156 603 1,425 33 807 146 661 10 io 52 63 54 55 9,867 8,790 1,077 8,993 58,372 325 5,050 9. .089 40,188 2,281 no 15 57 58 31 252 84 60 61 62 • Same number reported throughout the year. 356 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY Aim CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDTTSTBT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. • Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, IStli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CHICAGO— Continued. Emery and other abrasive wheels. . Engines, steam, gas, and water Engravers' materials Engraving, steel and copper platej including plate printing. Engraving, wood Envelopes ; Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Beadwork Metal and paper novelties Celluloid, wood, and all other novelties. Feathers and plumes Flags and banners ■'■ ■ . Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table foods. Lard compounds and meat products. Sausage casings All other Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods 1 Furnishing good.'i, men's Furniture , Wood, metal, and rattan and willow. Store and office fixtures , Furs, dressed Galvanizing Gas and electric fixtures Gas and electric All other Gas machines and gas and water meters. Glass, cutting, staining, and oma^ menting. Gold, leaf and foil Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Tallow Soap stock and all other Hand stamps Hardware Locks, hinges, and other build- ers' hardware. All other Hat ^d cap materials Hats and caps,other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt , Hosiery and knit goods , House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Japanning Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Lapidary work Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. 7 55 440 7 36 397 30 212 150 62 65 963 63 1,708 900 11 310 614 42 166 263 1,601 238 247 1,078 26,348 70 9,262 16,026 479 1,303 11,247 9,189 2,058 52 85 1,613 1,471 142 292 976 723 645 78 265 2,189 404 1,785 12 664 1,238 710 607 83 5,356 515 65 1,312 254 42 513 2,513 > Owned power only 38 4 34 4 11 19 2 4 7 84 1 4 7 72 216 9 10 196 71 25 151 106 45 1 37 100 6 2 24 3 205 751 35 32 419 316 103 6 9 85 71 14 18 52 23 6 41 45 36 10 195 17 3 60 9 4 36 22 49 115 10 76 5 102 74 100 214 25 12 174 2,610 5 1,042 1,663 44 160 678 464 214 3 5 181 168 13 132 49 87 2 38 131 30 101 1 20 42 55 19 12 433 15 1 134 2 7 31 10 1 78 574 1 54 519 29 192 74 1 2 73 68 16 19 30 41 853 35 1,415 190 724 607 6 236 365 35 125 131 1,141 31 183 225 702 20,990 52 7,941 12,997 300 1, 9,733 8,111 1,622 42 1,264 1,164 100 122 810 515 68 174 1,846 333 1,513 465 28 448 54 468 59 929 234 28 404 2,311 Mys Fe De De Jy Fe 47 36 1,460 221 747 MhS Oe Se Oo« De Ap 8 285 445 39 156 157 Fe' Ja Se 34 235 235 765 Jy 63 Ap 8,398 Mh 14,028 No De 447 1,084 Mh 8,496 My 1, 776 No 48 Mh 3 78 Fe Ja Fe Oe No 117 136 837 169 Mh Fe J2 No Mh Mys Mh Au My Ja Ja Oc Fe Oc Se Ja Mh Fe Je 36 583 34 1,343 173 OoS Ja Ja Ja Fe De S 186 301 26 102 103 Au Ja Mh Ja 152 207 642 Fes 46 De 7, 177 De 11,510 Ap Je 946 Jy 7,644 De 1,443 Mh 37 Ja 68 Jys 1,084 Je 82 De 114 Jy Je8 767 Ap 643 No 477 Ap 74 No M My 188 Se 161 351 1,762 8 496 33 1,163 542 566 66 5,622 552 73 966 260 37 421 De 3 314 Se 1,382 (0 Ja Fe 2,478 393 21 992 44$ 337 53 De 3,246 No 339 De De Jy Jy De De» Mh De 216 23 363 Oc 2, 106 39 894 36 1,462 193 733 6 267 337 37 165 108 1,219 30 184 230 775 19,203 52 7,198 11,963 430 1,057 9,727 8,211 1,516 44 64 1,265 1,151 114 114 852 156 544 479 65 170 1,708 316 1,392 26 1,173 474 391 65 3,623 399 50 937 238 34 414 2,593 36 891 36 1,030 191 294 243 1 135 107 6 26 62 783 22 108 149 504 18,421 51 6,953 11,417 236 150 9,397 7,922 1,475 38 64 1,033 921 112 114 729 72 516 461 65 127 1,529 306 1,223 2 316 13 233 214 391 50 3,623 399 48 814 83 34 271 2,587 347 2 419 358 4 130 224 30 45 423 73 81 261 667 189 878 236 199 37 6 217 217 95 25 38 166 3 163 137 12 888 240 "i 111 133 132 3 JIQltlZBU by /l///Cr®StjQ(i*®ted power, other than electric. 40 15 1115,348 6, 184, 647 129, 886 2,863,087 143,689 1,285,197 1,211,552 6,425 335, 133 869,994 19,-?98 114, 155 787,863 3,539,247 95,363 696,716 93,965 2,664,213 65,098,139 77,043 18,244,319 46, 776, 777 1,086,649 1,922,218 18,820,032 15,819,139 3,000,893 27,846 155, 760 2,758,704 2,444,628 314,076 1,383,995 950,127 97,430 2,414,713 2,200,882 213, 831 386,227 5,244,719 705,831 4,538,888 6,664 288,116 39,486 2,450,074 1,361,690 3,335,154 363,202 31,497,170 1,785,015 29,031 2,155,773 143, 705 181,767 694,373 14,942,269 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 357 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc Wage earners. For contract work. Eent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power In- gener- ternal Water ated Steam com- Wheels Electric in Total. en- bus- and (rent- estab- gines.' tion en- gines.!! mo- tors.! ed). ments report- ing. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SIO, 380 48,332 20, 450 203, 776 58,233 106, 670 78,826 38,286 40, 540 3,305 12,666 67,769 185,667 4,141 45,333 4,820 131,376 2,896,232 5,200 701,078 2,189,954 55,150 90,116 1,040,929 813, 550 227,379 14,860 21, 344 232, 810 202, 285 30, 625 62, 686 106, 746 16,350 78, 795 71, 411 7,384 43, 792 270,908 42,145 228, 763 34,560 8,782 92,352 138,581 72,857 41, 147 514,221 49,775 10,620 469,592 17, 793 5,400 81,302 177,879 $12,219 83,866 10,104 194,671 44,294 124,943 215,979 365 33,742 181, 872 1,024 8,929 86, 326 339,041 4,519 55,883 9,648 268,991 3,561,898 3,840 1,260,549 2, 297, 509 56, 708 246, 648 963, 291 720, 943 242,348 3,520 7,561 225,113 201, 355 23, 758 162,984 71,275 3,504 88,727 85,763 2,964 39, 174 220,669 56,467 164,202 21,614 84,638 201,837 24,625 20,607 474,470 24,871 1,040 219, 773 3,102 3,664 68,087 134,387 $41, 416 718, 693 27, 776 945,955 238,249 395, 184 408, 662 2,247 122, 751 283,664 15, 557 56,040 75, 450 620, 177 18,024 87, 328 123,563 391,262 14,819,337 40, 765 5, 185, 544 9, 593, 028 219, 053 544, 442 6,356,699 5,060,363 1,296,336 24,003 40, 058 898, 968 822, 609 76,359 103,388 565,533 73,709 431, 541 378, 140 53,401 119, 064 1, 172, 504 223,226 949,278 5,500 304, 967 20,222 483, 724 250,639 402,635 37,690 4,284,611 398,250 39,626 751,411 114,316 27, 242 209,707 1,333,140 $1, 470 120, 796 3,674 3,972 18, 765 300 17,335 1,130 1,550 1,770 1,770 408, 973 1,494 21, 655 385, 824 24,108 3,241 38, 158 28, 466 9,692 213 21, 590 20,610 980 1,550 3,3*7 4,921 100 16,424 6,444 10,980 4,652 24, 695 50 243 15, .360 "i,975 $6,040 7,608 6,021 77, 949 14,0 50,138 42, 894 978 15,858 26,058 2,535 12,265 23, 316 101,464 12,768 9,450 72,427 812,246 4,450 232,119 575, 677 93,115 74,091 479, 148 332, 842 146,306 3,000 3,180 106, 429 91, 792 14,637 3,660 64, 113 3,302 2,200 1,000 1,200 26, 132 69,088 18, 108 50,980 1,200 34,248 2,820 67,858 44,619 8,203 7,285 4,000 17,738 4,287 98,200 12, 872 7,010 40,297 89,253 $665 25, 599 958 12,848 403 4,459 2,310 21 1,344 945 84 294 3,638 27,898 8,043 849 18,638 515,195 246,223 268, 133 2,227 10, 189 109, 088 94,858 14,230 210 2,005 10, 469 9,235 1,224 6,365 363 17,325 14,783 2,542 1, 34, 665 2,492 32, 173 14 964 166 9,598 9,190 20,567 2,583 135, 059 13,198 182 7,457 825 526 3,105 43,832 8 Same number reported for one or m^ $64,645 976,219 237, 768 865,954 66,492 784,317 1,077,829 6,297 277,692 793,840 21,451 128,651 654, 863 7,389,733 151, 776 2,228,526 328,266 4, 681, 165 21,252,855 41,051 6,471,102 14,740,702 864, 415 2,258,748 10, 457, 420 8,581,249 1,876,171 7,379 124,568 1,981,285 1, 824, 891 156, 394 307, 346 826,618 145,434 3,007,431 137, 570 162, 053 2, 148, 935 281, 662 1,867,273 511,387 41,253 1,239,738 1,500,006 153,869 249, 238 16,485,432 628,585 8,198 1,196,634 222,651 69, 130 1,122,401 12,374,993 $2,213 39, 414 4,111 32,312 1,101 15,383 15,345 49 7,317 7,979 330 1,302 8,007 83,486 2,889 11,862 7,579 61,156 1,403,342 2,804 831,043 569,495 5,426 6,594 277, 767 222,923 54,844 1,. — 8,158 39, 812 34,518 5,294 2,929 22, 925 1,385 106,330 98, 677 7,653 3,869 93,284 15, 791 77,493 139 5,297 1,074 22,548 301,591 10,610 2,245,800 99,755 1,377 15,107 2,295 SOD 10,927 137, 068 $194, 383 1,795,009 339, 390 3,142,650 490,224 1,830,473 2,157,209 13,300 617,291 1,526,618 59,783 288,820 1,345,551 10,047,716 193, 702 2,754,003 595,750 6,504,261 57,005,703 130, 701 18,463,280 38,411,722 1,604,873 3, 579, 603 23,349,811 18,635,990 4, 713, 821 65,336 245, 144 4,075,405 3,689,458 385, 947 991, 193 1,836,266 256, 798 3,974,765 3,758,871 215, 894 527,160 5,141,763 786,323 4,355,440 13, 400 1, 126, 735 90, 656 2,325,212 3,054,243 1,334,494 503,538 27,001,775 1,289,046 81,548 3,135,945 390,651 127,176 1,733,982 15, 662, 742 S127, 525 779, 376 97,511 2,244,384 422, 631 1,030,773 1,064,035 6,954 332, 282 724, 799 38,002 158,867 682,681 2,574,497 39,037 6J3, 615 259,905 1, 761, 940 34, 349, 506 11,161,135 23, 101, 525 735,032 1,314,261 12,614,624 9,831,818 2,782,806 56, 077 112, 418 2,054,308 1, 830, 049 224, 259 680,918 986, 723 109, 979 861,004 790, 333 70,671 361, 238 2, 899, 544 488, 870 2,410,674 12, 571 610,051 48, 328 1,062,926 1,542,595 879,034 243,790 8,270,543 560,706 71,973 1,924,204 165,605 57, 186 600,654 3,150,681 Digtiimd by Microsoft®^ 57 694 185 13 561 371 277 93 I 25 259 162 383 107 2,047 41, 614 108 14,932 26,574 141 472 18, 561 13,188 6,373 40 94 1,317 1,171 146 27 315 1,361 1,220 141 152 2,593 304 2,289 1 81 16 10,732 346 97,493 614 54 21 524 3; '750 90 1,201 210 52 939 18,976 10 3,240 15, 726 400 12, 125 10,255 1,870 25 720 720 50 126 1,160 85 1,075 86 475 6,430 85, 204 660 32 311 305 1,482 87 1,395 55 2,935 254 2,681 65 121 71 50 17 267 25 38 200 12,086 250 6,645 115 57 617 185 545 561 328 1 237 90 1 25 137 1,187 162 167 55 803 21, 136 11,605 9,433 72 3,501 2,679 822 40 4 476 380 96 27 277 16 55 40 15 135 1,166 190 976 1 SI 16 358 3,987 345 204 357 54 21 274 433 5 "692 427 6 422 11, 664 927 10,737 3,477 361 420, 30 420 31 32 33 5 1,077 1,027 60 115 56, 571 103 448 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 4S 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 65 56 57 Ime number reported throughout the year. 358 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDXISTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDDSTET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm . mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Hale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum, month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CHICAGO— Continued. Liquors, malt Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames. Lubricating greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected ■with sawmills. Malt .-... Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds, not else- where specified. Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unframed. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments, organs. . Musical instruments, pianos. . Musical instruments, piano and organ materials. Paints Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds. Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photographic apparatus Cameras and motion-picture machines. All other apparatus and parts. . . Photographic materials Photoengraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces. Preserves Pickles and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing, including linotype work and typesetting. Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing. . Printing materials Roofing materials Saddlery and harness Sausage Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Shirts Signs and advertising novelties Electric signs Other signs Advertising novelties Slaughtering and meatpacking Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soap Soda-water apparatus Stamped and enameled ware Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Steam packing Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves. Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces and fireless cookers. 37 4,785 4 253 525 30 3,973 34 1,150 14 54 99 39 944 52 2,093 31 76 167 97 1,732 5 45 10 14 2 19 4 188 2 9 14 2 161 ^ 159 6,460 79 279 439 129 5,534 11 501 25 68 5 403 110 1,570 126 98 63 27 1,256 60 1, 130 62 44 94 40 890 63 544 67 40 45 10 382 10 288 7 18 23 9 231 58 421 60 21 12 6 322 6 30 6 4 1 19 30 4,782 6 87 325 190 4,174 10 828 3 33 21 14 757 31 2,529 7 117 749 127 1,529 21 501 9 33 59 25 375 190 1,831 102 175 487 342 725 4 539 10 18 1 .510 53 592 35 43 27 129 358 13 343 11 12 44 42 234 6 311 4 8 44 38 217 7 32 7 4 4 17 5 337 2 16 32 22 265 23 1,211 S 59 186 51 907 44 1,225 31 51 120 36 987 7 228 3 7 10 2 206 37 997 28 44 110 34 781 14 2,598 3 37 211 41 2,306 3 904 27 21,857 4 757 23 16,966 958 1,766 1,410 752 18,071 667 745 1,045 561 15,053 152 3,TO6 90 213 721 849 1,913 440 10,833 206 715 3,581 1,886 4,445 33 5,560 13 180 2,107 566 2,694 74 2,187 56 111 233 297 1,490 333 3,086 137 424 1,241 1,023 261 11 128 7 11 24 9 77 12 739 2 40 100 33 564 97 380 95 11 16 6 252 21 358 17 15 24 6 296 8 70 6 5 4 2 63 17 555 8 24 20 11 492 136 2,387 118 126 302 141 1,700 13 392 IC 37 114 41 190 87 936 86 3X 89 33 690 3fi 1,059 22 51 99 67 820 37 33,468 10 277 5,-865 908 26,408 13 184 13 15 21 9 126 23 3,068 10 67 681 194 2,116 7 1,221 4 27 133 68 989 14 445 7 19 21 10 388 13 514 7 16 32 9 450 24 707 4 64 77 24 538 15 212 6 24 10 8 164 7 25 7 1 1 16 25 935 8 51 146 25 705 25 16 943 836 21 16 62 45 85 78 41 38 744 659 9 107 \>igt m ^dB yi rlicf't Je 4,277 My 970 Mh 1,802 Mh3 20 Je 186 Au 5, 812 Fe 484 Au 1,358 My 939 Jy No Mh 456 245 379 Ap 21 Ap 4,473 Ja Au Mh Au Oo 1,717 448 803 899 375 Ja Au3 An Fe 239 19 314 951 Je Oc Fe 2, 452 Oc3 31 Mh 15,504 Au 2,044 Ja Fe Se Oo My My Au Ap Ap 2,770 1,537 87 629 277 347 ■86 Fe Fe De Ja3 3,806 914 1,568 18 124 Ja 5,277 Au Fe De Fe Oc 284 1,152 829 333 216 271 Ocs "IS Oc 3,852 Au s r"~ No Ja Au Fe Ja 1,361 298 660 159 338 No Ap3 De Se 198 15 200 864 146 706 De 2, 135 Ja 11 My « 14, 847 De 1, 789 No Au Ja Ja Se Mh Se 564 Au 2,635 1,444 70 484 210 268 22 411 Ap 209 Ja » 177 Je- 779 Mh 646 No 885 Ja 768 De 30,322, My 23,740 Mh 133 Au ? 118 Mh Ap My 3 No Ja De W Ja 2,196 De 1,115 Oc 484 No 471' Ja 564 My 2,045 8881 3031 422i 508 202 16 716 Jy 816' Aus 449 70 3,901 956 1,814 19 172 5,418 410 1,209 836 355 235 18 4,007 1,347 378 672 21 200 932 1,005 168 839 2,135 31 16,862 15,025 1,837 2,648 1,474 250 77 542 278 282 60 460 1,788 201] 737 8.50, 29, 432 130 2,066 914 364 468 524 202 16 684 674 584 90 3,879 810 1,627 19. 172. 5,363 410. ,206 702 335 232 262 1,198 168 388 179 171 102 874 477 71 406 2,051 31. 12, 640 11, 375 1,265 2,545 1,141 250. 76 539 254 262 50. 105 1,3 181 705 478 26,323 129 . 1,461 903 245 466 522. 193 12 682 671 . 581 . 90. 22 136 8 2 156 26 5 3 46 6 3 132 2 20 2 1 23 4 2 144 46 11 170 14 1 148 1 204 6 248 10 26 248 7 9 49 2 36 2 13 97 1 39 17 2 485 8 35 95 390 8 35 81 3 3,721 356 145 3,204 337 109 517 19 36 396 33 7 100 3 296 30 7 1 1 2 22 2 20 351 1 3 375 24 25 20 22 10 333 14 25 3,055 16 1 38 524 21 60 11 118 1 2 2 3 6 4 1 i 3 3 $42,088,471 2,095,232 2,707,205 85,678 1,216,924 12,476,456 10, 641, 782 2,804,252 1,384,786 736,804 391,098 316,840 57, 455 24,348,861 1,544,067 14,175,253 780,774 3,515,608 1,269,717 526,382 972, 119 952,966 19,153 866,918 1,016,250 3,033,632 473,507 2,560,125 6, 429, 766 6,300 32,959,869 21,378,710 11,581,159 22,565,351 15,012,212 3,272,012 4,281,127 487, 196 3,974,628 501,958 739,687 178,698 324,456 6,925,700 2,037,731 3, 127, 667 1, 760, 302 194,434,335 1,595,569 12,144,094 3,885,009 884,648 783, 197 1,993,427 264,359 19,930 812,634 3,286,737 3,117,106 169, 632 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 359 EXPENSES. 1 Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWKK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent oJ power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.* Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $924,972 196,311 199, 834 12,796 30,900 658,748 160, 114 207,388 104,257 70,628 35,564 32,980 4,472 400,927 95,606 469, 714 91,062 483,526 33,970 83,790 29,516 23,406 6,110 42, 100 173,384 112,309 16,649 96,660 117,164 2,539,363 1,930,359 609,004 2,214,461 812,045 321,822 1,080,594 37,857 127,901 22,330 38,895 10,620 69, 138 328,837 54,420 143,700 130,717 1,451,364 63,390 254,627 105, 124 65,922 48,371 207,197 53,553 750 139,034 124,436 107,881 16,555 $684,269 185,649 246,329 16,969 43,805 582,791 214, 866 81,934 139,297 43,315 26,625 14,442 620 517,068 32,253 1,003,166 117, 233 871,262 27,205 119,764 68,424 66, 495 1,929 40,386 213,736 158,837 9,848 148,989 235,156 2,849,995 1,418,446 1,431,549 5,204,453 2,651,996 460,481 2,091,976 41,002 185,691 16,449 35,492 5,167 25,785 425, 749 40,807 227,031 157, 911 7,734,768 62,624 791,125 201,974 30,688 46,249 94,374 14,828 468 104, 366 169, 660 161,875 7,785 $3,978,094 873, 692 1,023,734 14,196 105,366 4,287,780 399,606 1,063,669 481,173 340,020 157,561 265,559 17,330 2,906,606 381,096 894,801 164,371 461,428 298, 187 164,283 188,046 172, 287 15,759 138,467 1,012,023 465,211 99,971 365,240 1,514,643 12,752 12,963,439 11,546,189 1,407,250 3,784,559 2,407,438 1,215,930 161,191 64,027 404,603 175, 570 230,518 45,804 $129, 764 23,691 200 200 195,368 3,039 93, 363 1,630 6,057 7,839 271,291 1,099,965 114,864 543,830 441,271 16,311,119 105,776 1,239,317 760,329 224, 731 326,070 397,708 130, 525 10,590 627,753 628, 149 541,861 86,288 35 10,619 2,518 15,614 160,000 4,355 8,000 1,835 51, 431 40,050 40,050 3,683,924 1,662,824 2,021,100 4,434,837 83,163 74,066 4, 277; 619 2,317 7,685 2,535 2,122 357,142 5,325 326,848 24,969 14,633 52 21,882 5,409 8,546 13,283 3,200 3,576 17,523 14,758 2,765 $85,527 80,403 112, 771 4,100 7,129 232,988 33,867 52,467 71, 174 46,839 17,337 37,904 1,302 87,360 16,103 59,092 • 40,268 130, 826 19,210 42,956 9,669 5,570 3,999 3,690 89,525 60,780 26,970 33,810 57,374 300 1,495,706 1,294,186 201,619 617,966 199, 799 102,376 215, 791 12,270 2,403 36,077 10, 517 3,356 29,005 92, 711 17, 078 48,428 27,205 141,474 8,386 83,016 14, 620 30,308 15, 752 45, 765 10,712 2,562 76, 685 27,769 21,066 6,713 $5,766,964 8,287 9,449 1,868 7,733 82,639 70,572 21, 113 11,077 6,639 2,882 1,797 407 99,366 6,222 91,337 2,372 34,693 8,648 6,221 4,002 3,926 . 76 5,862 10,046 23,731 5,039 18,692 36,463 141, 445 106,366 36,090 134, 164 86,109 18,603 29,452 3,279 23,948 3,174 4,686 292 1,923 " 23,019 6,407 10,676 6,036 792,221 4,834 76,904 20,489 4,756 4,695 6,485 1,271 138 2,377 21, 538 $7,090,308 964,333 1, 525, 388 69, 612 634, 765 11,469,651 8,628,198 1,177,282 1,872,260 470, 827 472,032 150,306 18,360 4,195,133 731,446 11,307,820 868,683 2,060,947 481,947 650,228 177,460 168,476 463, 743 397, 784 3,066,010 714, 136 2,340,874 1,475,153 34,886 17,678,296 16,310,523 1,367,772 7,462,860 4,702,017 1,464,367 1,296,486 131,286 2,780,341 610, 658 2,977,915 41,036 378,834 1,363,706 247, 207 489, 894 . 626, 604 340,909,396 2,923,897 14,820,852 1,371,670 443,483 144,407 740,692 303,828 12,361 364,412 1,100,316 $608,607 24,076 46, 497 380 8,683 129,996 235,460 83,006 32,591 19,963 8,706 9,708 438 87,366 22,625 135, 537 10,388 22,508 37,914 4,409 6,703 6,682 121 8,612 31,938 32,120 10, 708 21,412 143,843 448,396 400,517 47, 878 189,379 135,986 52,836 bb: 6,059 87,981 7,931 35, 791 947 4,847 28,633 2,344 16,342 10,847 1, 598, 848 33,959 312,872 27,578 13,670 7,710 22,076 6,377 302 43,304 25,960 Df0fzenMy iw^ro^m^'t^^^ $28,933,286 2,692,744 3, 814, 071 119,689 984,295 19,860,859 10,746,989 3,362,436 3,304,380 1,209,947 770,075 706,071 66,101 11,008,364 1,606,240 17, 564, 841 1,471, 7,963,866 977,300 1,464,018 611, 440 470,860 40,590 803,966 2,365,634 4,677,656 968,062 3, 709, 593 3,786,981 52, 114 50,836,108 40,730,085 10,106,023 35,622,820 16,630,736 5,311,663 13,680,431 463,217 4,610,773 1,066,706 3,726,968 116,801 945,542 4,989,362 528, 750 2, 561, 471 1, 899, 141 406,983,267 3,857,469 21,255,430 3,407,393 951,377 818,918 1,966,616 616,882 37, 170 1,693,829 2,766,494 $21,334,371 1,714,336 '2,243,186 49, 797 340, 847 8,261,212 1,882,331 2, 102, 147 1,399,529 719,157 289,337 546,058 37,303 6, 725, 865 852,169 6,121,484 592, 237 6,880,411 467, 439 809, 381 327, 277 295, 792 31,485 341, 711 1,925,912 1,690,525 243, 218 1,347,307 2,167,985 17, 163 32,709,418 24,019,045 8,690,373 27,970,581 11,792,733 3, 794, 460 12,383,388 315,872 1,642,451 437, 117 712,252 74,818 661,861 3, 697, 124 279, 199 2,066,236 1,261,690 64,475,023 899,613 6,121,706 2,008,245 494,224 666,801 1,193,848 307,677 24,517 1, 186, 113 1,639,219 22,156 824 1,673 9 590 17,510 7,439 4,142 1,— 374 626 20 4,464 1,018 7, 384 967 1,170 92 314 254 60 358 778 2,781 249 2,632 3,273 16,329 12,660 2,679 6,443 1,670 163 1,124 102 829 107 144 1,392 48 66,489 255; 5,974 1,378 361 205! 833 1,339 1, 120' 21, 492 125 620 450 13,326 6,160 1,090 145 364 250 3,666 740 6,646 10 383 300 300 355 820 168 652 1,161 1,960 2,125 1,010 710 300 250 36 308 12 439 210 229 53,048 3,454 75 120 335 36 530 530 225 4 23 900 412 48 39 50 1 186 37 129 129 93 40 34 47 176 18 1,501 115 34 105 106 509 699 828 5 117 3,432 2,640 887 204 119 488 20 759 278 923 351 518 870 92 314 254 60 67 238 1,924 81 1,843 2,038 11,120 10,666 664 6,015 4,659 1,361 123 874 67 508 95 132 872 48 102 722 1,265 237 1,019 1,263 85 464 1,339 486 463 22 5,164 180 105 1,614 4,391 25 1,173 708 4,666 127 334 398 393 160 233 3,336 2,132 1,204 100 100 372 213 159 22, 544 316 168 45 668 668 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. 360 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOE, CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DronSTRT AND CUT. Num- ber of estab- Usli- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED Df THE DTDITSTET. ■WAGE EARNINGS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST EEPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro-- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum montli. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 10 13 CHICAGO— Continued. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolUng mills. Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco manufactures Tools, not elsewhere specified Toys and games Trunks and vaUses Type founding Varnishes Vault lights and ventilators . Vinegar .'. . . Washing machines and clothes wringers. Window and door screens and weather strips. Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wool pulling - - All other industries * 19 842 46 11 42 7 29 5 14 853 6,127 712 2,165 6,896 851 154 1,205 318 888 183 172 249 147 1,068 427 101 48 54,965 12 10 517 189 21 37 111 58 11 36 14 73 17 10 23 18 30 18 23 1,646 476 97 117 535 41 82 22 290 12 15 33 110 16 6,093 1,633 530 1,936 6,269 670 122 1,024 266 430 143 143 168 104 854 195 358 81 38 46,076 Ja Se No Au3 No Mh Ap Je Oc Je Je Se Ap Ap Se 4,607 60O 2,180 5,377 680 204 1,070 301 464 171 150 213 146 101 De De Ja Jy Ja3 Ja Ja ] e Mh Ja Ja Pe No Ja Fe Jy 478 1, 5,176 75 951 235 400 110 136 139 65 818 188 345 67 3,644 479 1,836 6,381 671 143 1,024 253 403 137 149 151 107 824 206 362 72 48 43,639 3,633 31 1,248 3,428 648 73 896 206 361 137 138 161 101 623 194 354 72 48 33,977 7 414 580 1,902 19 118 47 40 2 195 438 $9,741,236 786, 119 8,953,575 9,779,017 1,424,205 144,367 1,509,197 1,695,379 4,986,334 300,984 910, 179 438,354 226,664 2,782,696 324, 173 537,300 194,930 63,384 348,176,847 * All other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 2 Agricultural implements 3 Aluminiun ware 1 Attificial fiowers 12 Artificial limbs 9 Artists' materials 8 Asbestos products, not Including steam packing 1 2 Babbitt metal and solder 9 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mUls 1 Bells 1 Belting, leather 7 Belting and hose, woven 2 Butter, reworking 2 Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables 4 Carriages and sleds, children's 7 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies .-. . 6 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 9 Cement 1 China decorating 9 Clocks 4 Clothing, horse 1 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing 32 Coke *1 Combs and hairpins 3 Cordage and twme 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 8 Cork, cuttiQg 3 Corsets 15 Cotton goods 2 Cotton small wares 1 Dental goods 9 Drug grinding 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles 6 Dyestuffs and extracts 2 Enameling 1 Engraving and diesinking 30 Felt goods 2 Fertilizers 3 Files 2 Fire extinguishers, chemical 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products .... 3 Foundry supplies 5 Gas, illuminating and heatiag 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 26 Glue, not elsewhere specified 6 Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore 4 Hair work 25 Hammocks 1 Hardware, saddlery 4 Hats, straw 6 Hats, wool-felt 4 Hones and whetstones 1 Horseshoes 2 Ink, writing 6 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 28 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 4 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets '. 6 Iron and steel, doors and shutters. . . 8 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails. 5 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Ivory, shell, and bone work 3 1 F.ASTST. LOUIS— All industries Bread and other bakery products. . . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Confectionery, ice cream 125 6,796 70 244 498 121 6,863 Se 6,227 De 6,064 5,875 5,762 95 18 28,321,590 ?, i; 6 3 3 7 7 3 6 6 3 8 56 lOi 1,072 24 17 27 2,S3 62 27 43 33 25 5,079 17 7 1 7 1 4 5 3 7 18 2 10 3 6 2 27 8 2 8 3 '"m 8 68 2 3 1 77 991 13 8 18 192 50 20 25 27 17 4,425 My 3 Se Au Jes Se3 Ap Se Se Je Fe3 80 1,056 26 10 21 206 62 28 35 28 20 Oo De Ja3 De Fe Ja Ja Jas Jas My ly 6S 896 3 5 15 154 38 14 21 26 12 77 886 16 10 17 202 41 19 29 27 16 4,536 73 88j 14 10 17 201 41 19 21 25 12 4,444 4 124,351 394, 368 21,128 65,026 19,785 1,936,487 168,268 62,447 43,265 28,140 13,009 25,446,316 3 4 2 •i Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels... Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . . Flour-mill and gristmill products. . . Lumber, planing-mili products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Mineral and soda waters ^ 7 S 42 2 1 1 21 2 4 1 f) 10 Printing and publishing, job print- ing. Printing and publishing, news- papers and periodicals. 7 2 4 76 1 10 1 373 ""90 13 16 * All other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Baking powders and yeast 2 Butter 1 Carriages and wagons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad corn- panies '. 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 1 Chemicals 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations, 1 Clothing, women's 1 Druggists' preparations 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Foundry and machine-shop products . 4 Foundry supplies 1 Furniture 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 2 1 Owned power only. Digitized by l\/licrosoft(& ' Includes rentedpower, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 361 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Kent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Tor ruaterials. Principal materials. Tuel and rent of power. Value of products. - Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power In- gener- ternal- Water Elec- tric (rent- ed). ated Steam com- wheels in Total. en- bus- and estab- gines.i tion en- mo- tors.! lish- ments gines.s report- mg. CITIES OE 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES-Continued. $469,035 50,425 140,236 310, 341 127,441 20,600 82,981 40, 692 239,283 46,554 36,999 56,120 35,404 69,370 30,217 42,217 4,750 5,021,629 $631,721 125,011 214,004 749,888 73, 424 10, 419 103, 806 30, 963 480,588 28,961 22,400 49,661 9,59p 177,308 23,070 20,299 8,710 8,133,226 $3,282,149 $588,329 $61,223 $80,642 198,066 137,286 19,332 4,271 1,162,952 3,202,814 494,646 176 2,403 9,636 46,331 163,696 41,202 20,860 2, 839, 766 6,772 70,390 689, 154 3,464 11,761 71, 203 34, 631 35, 456 6,800 914 17,680 467 10,362 6,637 35, 161 1,935 7,820 1,199 195, 215 306,682 149,206 103 279 1,817 7,427 107,906 6,520 70,483 2,386 8,226 1,788 614,656 124,739 415 8,305 35, 770 20,139 14,921 2,388 238,770 34,280 692 3,000 21,609 1,500 2, 3.50 1,459 28,869 30,883,981 16,621 607,172 3,862 1,490,289 191 2,693,631 $8,968,665 1, 172, 958 4,031,916 8,304,469 452, 678 111, 690 1,222,665 326, 576 2,827,463 275, 387 402, 698 463, 638 145,874 3,366,229 361, .586 276,399 83,250 448,675 128,489,425 $170,237 5,816 52, 618 46, 729 36,421 1,116 11,532 8,608 39, 192 2,811 16,412 3,661 3,936 47,628 4,605 14,200 2,421 728 14,179,015 $13,736,282 1,968,857 6,644,3.34 21,460,007 1,558,669 296, 830 2, 620, 835 792, 772 5,245,834 573, 167 662, 702 875, 124 379,388 4, 665, 650 712, 101 756,911 163,383 498,482 231,845,059 $6,597,480 9,949 5,122 97 4,730 5,258 780,083 2,559,900 13,108,809 1,069,670 121 121 1,270 1,069 1,463 488 1,015 760 782 64 502 128 656 168 201 183, 824 1,386,648 457, 689 2,379,179 296,169 38 516 798 1,649 91 38 241 421 860 60 '365 15 275 593 376 7 41 89 243,694 417,827 430 127 416 15 115 12 229,678 135 22 113 1,251,893 365,910 1,978 248 1,546 100 432 140 2,580 8 466,312 77,712 49,081 89,176,619 609 162 320 150 110 179 147 36 191,942 26 151,097 10 24,384 '52,'996 16,461 .13 314 -15 ?16 m -18 J 19 Labels and tara 13 Lamps and reflectors 19 Lasts 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Lime 2 Liquors, vinous 1 Matches 1 Millinery and lace goods, not else- where specified 100 Minerals and earths, ground 3 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 12 Mucilage and paste 8 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 26 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes . . 1 Nets and seines 2 Oil, linseed 4 Oil, not elsewhere specified 6 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor Oleomargarine Optical goods Paper and wood pulp Paper patterns Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling Pens, fountain and stylographic Phonographs and graphophgnes Pipes, tobacco Pottery products Printing and publishing, music Pulp goods Pumps, not including power pumps . Pumjjs, power Refrigerators ; Regalia and society badges and em- blems Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 16 Rules, ivory and wood 1 Salt 1 Sand and emery paper and cloth 1 Saws 8 ocales and balances 10 Screws, machine 8 Screws, wood 2 Sewing machines and attachments. . 3 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 Showcases 10 Silk goods, including throwsters 3 Silversmithing and silverware 1 Smelting and refining, lead 2 Sporting and athletic goods 19 Springs, steel, car, carriage, etc., not made in steel works or rolling mills. 6 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 21 Stoves, gas and oil 3 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . 1 Surgical appliances 25 Tinfoil 1 Typewriters and supplies 7 Umbrellas and canes 3 Upholstering materials 7 Wall paper, not made in paper mills. 4 Wall plaster 1 Waste ■- 1 Watohcases 2 Whips ^ 2 Windmills 1 Wire 2 Wool scouring 3 $578,843 $6.55,135 $4,369,199 $46,700 $53,152 $300,988 $16,735,016 $688,410 $26,904,565 $9,481,139 18,183 15,096 30 3,068 8,491 1 2,555 13,884 2,460 6,647 2,500 64,961 11,260 2,325 6,648 4,260 10,154 63,999 128 300 61,880 764,769 7,652' 4,053 13,748 132, 743 38,512 14,633 13,069 27,235 11,013 3,278,090 81 7,075 811 2,146 4 265 31 10,191 1,587 490 127 105 2,873 282,338 208, 137 347,835 23,516 16,633 23,511 4,879,326 69,788 25,279 16,030 20,562 11,214 11,093,188 8,1,36 22, 16S 215 138 243 19,868 2,279 607 928 334 10 633,398 335,096 1,278,138 42,400 24,660 50, 100 5,811,402 149,662 62,070 33,382 57,942 28,618 19,023,195 118,823 906, 145 18,670 7,891 26,346 912,210 77,497 26,284 36,424 36,846 17,394 7,296,609 72 730 10 3 72 440 10 3 260 30 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1,495 216 1,212 8,755 81,226 3,814 600 1,724 2,127 206 24 29 1,450 100 677 106 16 24 29 1,500 2,334 2,390 1,524 568 27,593 100 11 240 492,971 461,343 45,019 14,968 13,285 1,681 8,491 Ice, manufactured 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rmling mills ." 1 Liquors, malt 2 Marble and stone work, other than slate 2 Paints 4 Paper and wood pulp 1 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Petroleum, refimag . -v . ■ i - ^ - • 1 uimizecl''by Mf&F&^&n^ 3 S^e number reported for one or more other months. Roofing materials 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering, wh^lpsale, not including Springs, steel, car, and carriage, etc., not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified 1 362 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITAlirTS INDU3TKY AND CITY. Num- ber Of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EABNING3 DEC. 16, OE NEAKEST EEPEESENTATrVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PEORIA— AH industries . Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Bread and other bakery products. . . Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials. Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels. . , Copper, tin, and sheeWron products . Flour-mill and gristmill products. . Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Foundries Machine shops Furniture -- Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds. . Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, news- paners and periodicals. Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 283 7,976 63 93 353 7 312 267 74 197 84 113 45 114 19 185 31 18 244 383 359 43 233 331 4,750 253 337 3 205 838 1 4 28 41 18 566 263 1 5 13 2 6 155 6.285 Jy 6,966 De 5,580 6,256 5,158 48 62 275 4 221 50 160 77 83 33 93 14 159 21 4 198 248 28 182 264 3,770 Jy Au Jy3 Au = Oc No De3 62 71 289 5 58 338 236 53 Jy Je Jy Oc3 Se My Au3 (') Mh 121 97 36 144 17 175 137 28 4 216 De Ap De Jy 32 203 277 Jas Ja Jas Ja3 Ap 34 53 263 3 35 Je 220 Jy 209 Jy 44 No Ja Mh 30 De 62 Je 10 De 131 De FeS (<) Au 79 Fe 242 Se 20 Oc 3 168 De ; 44 64 273 3 55 291 212 63 135 65 70 32 120 17 160 131 22 4 201 249 249 23 203 254 3,705 44 64 198 3 55 291 155 52 135 65 70 30 118 17 160 131 21 4 162 152 152 28 201 198 2,939 74 33 2 48 749 115 15l S.32.509,307 60,657 35,363 423,380 6,145 146,245 979,077 617,259 309,929 345, 416 140,875 204,541 230,609 451,296 21,050 560,849 318,597 52,545 76,211 390,971 329, 169 29,533 47,781 665,886 288,177 26,152,795 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 1 Artificial limbs 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Baking powders and yeast 2 Bluing .- 2 Bookbindingandblank-bookmaking. 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 3 Butter 2 Buttons 1 Caiming and preserving, fruits and vegetables 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Charcoal 1 China decorating 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 2 Clothing, men's, including shirts 2 Clothing, women's 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery and ice cream 4 Cordage and twine 1 Druggists' preparations 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 1 KOCKFOED— All industries . Artificial stone products , Automobile repairing , Awnings, tents, and sails Bread and other bakery products. . Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. . Flour-mill and gristmill products . . Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Printing and publishing,book and job. Printing and publishing, news- papers and periodicals. Pumps, not including power pumps. Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified All other industries * 11,828 6 186 48 46 21 1,577 2,314 1,651 47 31 16 36 178 130 ,236 26j 36 5,195 169 399 5 187 603 1 260 35 152 10,472 Ja 11,070 Au 10,143 10,502 16 22 2 147 2,140 1,584 33 18 8 27 129 68 206 18 29 4,560 Jy= 21 Jys 23 Jy 5 No 3 150 Se 41 Se3 Ap Mh De Se My M:y De 28 15 1,492 2,247 1,705 37 23 8 31 138 68 Ja 229 De3 19 Mv 32 Ja' Jas Ja ' Jas De3 5 21 143 29 Ja 26 (') 15 No 1,268 De Jy Ja3 Fo (') De Jy No 3 Fe3" 2,000 1,455 30 119 168 17 26 8,679 1,772 17 22 4 150 29 29 15 1,274 2,007 1,700 20 8 •25 137 168 19 28 4,748 17 22 3 135 19 28 1,262 1,959 731 34 20 8 25 107 167 18 4,022 26 706 45 21 16 6 ^38,853,145 20,175 11,700 14,072 134,716 122,687 31,205 114,233 4,075,194 4,810,741 4,516,060 92,421 60.192 52,822 16,245 280,773 180,131 488,458 11,198 77, 759 23,742,363 *A11 other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 3 Artificial limbs 1 Artists' materials 1 Autompbile bodies and parts 3 Belting, leather 1 Blacking stains, and dressings 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 2 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 2 Boxes, wooden packing, except cigar boxes 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 1 Brooms i Ca n n in g and preserviag, fruits and vegetables 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Carriages and wagons 2 Cars and general shop construction andrepair^^iV '' ' '" panies trfJ.S 1 Owned nowpr onlv. Cars and general shop construction and repaurs by street-railroad com- panies 1 Clothing, men's 4 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's and apia- rists' supplies, .^«.. 3 Electroplating 2 TtiMnflps Ti>Tlt*d Engines, steam, gas, gasoline, and water 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- ified 1 Galvanizing 1 Gas, illuminatiog and heating. 1 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 363 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Tor materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines. 2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $867,215 $984,562 $4,143,688 $51,554 $129,420 $31,636,561 $20,587,323 $701, 552 $64,689,045 $43,400,170 22,881 18,899 447 3,531 7,194 4,300 16,760 1,036 4,746 51,920 5,650 34,952 17,912 8,300 17,697 4,000 13,697 3,000 11,499 20,923 19,180 1, 32,152 12,880 7,160 5,720 1,560 16,898 6,795 627,943 4,460 8,797 20,929 15,060 10,246 r 832 9,414 6,152 8,623 873 12,909 12,990 800 36,286 11,742 71, 173 63,200 7,973 2,520 40,129 17,242 646,929 32,679 48,991 158, 318 2.000 33,742 175, 297 142,485 33, 156 128,005 57,598 70,207 23,071 61,344 11,455 127, 181 143,366 13,558 2,912 127,228 140,140 140, 140 1,236 11,436 16, 687 252 4,540 920 2,376 276 4,570 310 4,260 500 16,271 12,603 12,935 12,935 19,332 148,056 172,038 2,399,334 9,245 1,428 4,970 3,215 1,700 1,514 11,330 7,510 6,845 665 1,644 6,013 5,774 41, 729 122 233 512 4,786 3,168 2,600 2,182 602 1,580 730 2,868 41 2,484 1,810 410 388 1,799 1,353 1,276 77 940 3,096 47, 585 31,557,402 23,632 43,883 557, 425 1,188 63,757 868, 110 372, 297 720, 161 129,450 41,954 87,496 65,020 32,970 14,048 203, 737 183,636 20,661 28,829 102, 612 136,915 136,725 190 35,541 3,630,740 191,817 13,160,894 1,031 3,727 18,490 263 1,859 8,168 5,6S8 5,158 5,610 2,096 .3,514 1,551 23,810 299 6,312 6,193 830 928 7,073 6,934 6,894 40 580 23,878 503 574,677 77, 756 179, 657 1,057,145 7,176 155,084 1, 176, 235 670,249 814, 527 329,970 126, 185 203,785 115,373 210,846 41,366 436,603 465,920 65,028 100,455 412,976 607, 108 656,818 50,290 70, 176 3,894,416 511,908 63, 299, 171 63,093 132, 047 481, 230 5,725 89,468 299,967 -292,264 89,208 194,910 82, 135 112, 775 48,802 154,066 27,019 227,454 267,091 43,537 70,698 303,291 413, 199 50,060 34,055 239, 798 319,588 39, 563, 600 46 69 256 12 42 1,103 245 365 302 71 231 44 545 7 369 467 26 40 245 228 227 1 8 657 'n'sis 1,060 65 545 263 622 'is,' 664 40 69 2,56 12 42 43 245 75 203 71 132 67 40 160 227 1 8 35 1,855 13 "2' 966 Food preparations 4 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna^ menting ,. 1 Grease and tallow 1 Hand stamps 2 Hardware Hats, fur-felt Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt M^t Mattresses and spring beds. Models and patterns Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Photo-engraving 1 PiQkles, preserves, and sauces 2 Poultry, killing and dressing 1 Scales and balances 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Soap 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stoves and hot-air finnaces, except gas and oil stoves 2 Structural ironwork 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Washingmachinesandclotheswringers 1 Wirework 1 $843,840 $693,783 $6,644,708 $170,481 $106,295 $246,567 $12,881,976 $381,555 $26,371,219 $12,957,688 21,039 12,696 270 1,310 6,763 ,138 2,300 8,000 1,040 600 2,032 150,255 95,081 81,400 11,329 6,970 2,460 1,100 14,063 27,498 22,000 6,921 410, 821 2,280 9,490 2,216 112,224 45,106 1,456 2,560 2,400 1,200 18, 165 36,632 11,990 1,231 356,184 ' 9,605 17,200 1,540 106, 110 20,185 17,351 8,942 1,102,509 1,367,778 777,308 28,159 14,555 5,918 13, 843 80,018 78,541 160,017 12,488 23,008 2,809,633 250 6,340 6,625 118, 855 125 16,527 13,900 114 7,745 300 400 600 9,052 2,338 2,504 350 11,388 1,530 11,550 1,260 2,016 10,051 3,820 900 828 877 45,371 149 165 17 1,053 159 117 818 23,020 '35.001 26,183 409 296 97 14 1,085 1,371 3,793 4,167 417 148, 236 10,012 19,370 4,515 305, 899 93,931 45,685 83,094 618,976 2,231,699 2,059,548 43,509 59,316 16, 128 11,464 69,396 38,277 222,401 14, 998 14, 236 6,919,623 465 490 60 12, 895 2,r- 559 3,150 60, 061 61,680 61,028 1,921 1,061 1,531 390 3,508 1,8 7,190 200 1, 318, 822 32,824 62, 000 10,900 652, 226 154, 281 96,616 106,505 2,443,635 4,584,923 3,907,248 94,767 106. 171 39,885 45,320 308, 673 253,114 480, 100 44,972 67, 434 12,999,746 22,347 32, 140 6,325 233,432 57,490 50,472 20, 261 1,764,499| 2,291,664 1,796,674 49,337 45,794 22,226 33,466 235,769' 212,959 I 250, 509' 29,774 41,350 5,781,300 15 13 3 106 112 1 333 2,762 4,550 1,778 200 162 290 ll 58 10,513 1,455 3,423 960 35 126 140 116 6, 821 1 254 10 915 6 13 1 106 112 1 208 1,167 1,127 809 200 162 140 1 48 2,623 1,125 25 400 12 17 75 18 19 20 2,513 21 Hair work 1 Hardware 4 House-fumishing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Ice, manubctured 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in -steel works or rolling mills 1 Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Labels and tags 1 T*ftthftr(Tonds_ not elsewhere STiecifled 2 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Lime 1 Liquors, malt 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed, not elsewhere specified 2 Musical instfUS)^ ji^ianas^ . L..,. Musical instiiuil«»IZf i^uTwIa ia&t materials "r. ; 2 Paper and wood pulp 2 Patent medicinRS n-nH pnTnTimiTiHs .f. Pavifig materials 1 Pens, fountaui and stylographic 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engravlne, not done in printing establishments 1 Plated ware 1 Refrigerators., Sewing machines and attachments. . . Shirts SlaiKrIitAriTiD'fliiH TTifiat Tiankincr Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified i Stoves, gas and oil i Tinware, not elsewhere specified 2 Varnishes i Wall plaster 2 Watchcases 1 Wirework 2 Woolen goods 1 364 MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. Table 44.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKT AKD CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED m THE INDUSTET. "WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST KEPRESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 10 SPRINGFIELD— All industries. . Bread and other bakery products. . . Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. liUmber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Mineral and soda waters Printing and pubUshing, job print- ing. Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Saddlery and harness Tobacco, cigars All otherindustrles * 189 5,007 129 60 352 172 123 19 196 453 14 153 3,203 183 126 397 1 4 200 4,157 83 42 327 137 89 15 154 9 120 Ja 4, 281 Au3 My Ja Jy An My Au Jv Oct No 46 358 156 104 25 179 9 128 No 4,1 Ja No' Ap Fe Fe Fe Mh No' Je Ja m Do 117 68 11 139 4,231 83 39 315 19 69 125 94 17 149 117 2,935 3,371 79 39 315 119 94 17 113 100 2,171 827 35 6 757 32 $9,084,957 177,613 91,625 179,402 82,264 98,106 415,663 247,023 30,550 231,827 277,662 49, 298 41,719 7,162,245 * All otherindustrles embrace — Agricultural implements 3 Artificial stone products 2 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, wooden packing, except cigar ■ boxes 1 Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products 1 Brooms 1 Brushes 1 Butter Carpets, rag Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies China decorating, not including that done in potteries Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 2' Flour-milland gristmill products 3 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED.: Alton Aurora Belleville Bloomington Cairo Canton Centralia , Champ.ugn Chicago Heights d.inville Decatur '.... Elgin evanston , Fef.eport Galesbueg Granite City Jacksonville Joliet Kankakee Kewanee La Salle Lincoln Mattoon MOLINE Oak Park Pekin QUlNCY Rock Island Streator Waukegan 76 3,061 57 101 178 63 2,662 14C 6,496 101 196 284 139 4,777 12E 2,869 124 132 130 33 2,450 IOC 2,82s 88 lie 182 64 2,384 61 1,769 44 65 100 38 1,522 34 1,113 34 26 114 19 920 3C 309 27 14 16 16 237 6£ 549 5C 45 52 20 382 77 5,018 46 160 411 113 4,288 100 2,481 95 83 150 44 2,109 126 4,989 139 222 429 196 4,003 91 6,974 6f 133 166 88 5,629 ' 4£ 1,053 4E 2< 9C 62 924 63 3,013 47 77 212 111 2,666 60 1,672 47 82 119 62 1,362 39 5,698 48 133 374 63 5,090 63 1,162 67 44 92 27 932 136 6,922 112 155 474 182 4,999 63 1,674 40 48 26 21 1,430 31 3,261 34 86 241 63 2,837 30 1,311 28 •21 42 6 1,214 40 327 44 18 19 7 239 47 889 49 24 61 20 735 108 5,811 76 132 436 115 6,053 47 366 47 11 20 20 268 44 860 40 35 117 34 634 194 3,983 150 195 430 141 3,067 106 2,32C 89 107 197 90 1,837 60 l,90f 53 36 34 23 1,763 48 2,744 41 76 278 73 2,276 Mh iP Au Au Ap Fe Se Jy3 Fe Je Je An Fe Se Mh Se Ap Au Mh Se Oc Ja Ja Jy De Je Fe Je Je 3,042 5,049 2,642 2,524 1,764 1,747 255 425 4,609 2,498 4,223 6,634 978 2, 834 1,409 6,104 992 5,642 1,.558 3,065 1,270 258 928 6,237 288 779 3,280 2,070 2,037 2,536 Au De Ja My No Je No Ja Au My De Au My No De De De Do Ja De Fe De No jy Ja" Jy Fe De Se No 2,279 2,621 2,488 120 4,301 4,667 3,539 1,034 2,120 2,618 2,062 398 2,246 2,397 2,161 221 1,113 1,625 1,482 42 497 1,208 1,066 162 221 234 152 81 311 374 324 4E 3, 754 4,629 4,430 185 1,837 1 801 1 647 137 3,747 4,076 3,410 493 6,426 5,667 3,300 2,195 859 910 886 24 2,188 2,615 2,417 176 1,275 1,410 1,255 152 3,.S24 4,936 4,711 219 857 912 723 173 4,186 4,210 3,742 466 1,244 1,404 971 382 2,696 2,703 2,346 331 1,1.56 1,121 1,089 7 211 248 228 18 6.53 896 84E 46 3,694 6,174 4,97C 174 265 266 260 15 443 844 796 46 2,694 3,101 2,651 49S 1,716 1,80£ 1,664 139 1,377 1,786 1,647 124 1,630 1,828 1,686 136 137 26 $8,695,046 14,866,869 6,010,824 6,482,721 3,474,074 9,733,481 661, 004 970,886 20,360,251 6,019,562 12,549,629 17,371,339 2,616,841 11,227,499 2,488,391 18,866,840 1,780, -28,928,406 3,987,555 8,446,158 4,762,855 866,924 1,063,832 34,179,434 6,155,238 6,606,840 11,421,015 1.3,851,144 6,566,405 16,010,080 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— ILLINOIS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 865 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract Work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- terual- com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water- wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $298, 428 $483,921 $2,534,503 $56,856 $95, 138 $150,198 $5,592,067 $289,614 $11,769,969 $5,888,288 9,823 7,429 10 2,384 1,039 1 1,400 1,275 11,080 1,040 7,000 15,100 9,004 8,636 180 12,717 15,688 1,504 14,614 15,430 55,686 28,354 230,818 14,721 47,892 90,562 76,095 9,634 88,156 100,183 6,280 65,003 1,721,115 150 5,235 1,800 1,353 824 4,446 861 646 2,174 1,549 229 6,967 3,101 156 17,996 109,896 202,053 29,422 138,011 87,811 61,551 196,351 124,748 12, 640 117,257 110,849 18,100 66,874 4,426,400 7,928 1,287 16,595 1,931 778 11,050 1,845 252 3,594 5,917 92 158 238,187 369,958 66,262 410, 163 179,513 158,740 460,810 262,284 31,820 312,822 606,073 32,469 189, 980 8,689,075 159,977 35,653 255,557 89,771 96,411 253,409 135,691 18,928 191,971 489,307 14, ',77 122, 948 4,024,488 102 34 1,020 55 63 593 282 12 113 265 5 102 34 185 55 63 508 32 12 113 265 6 15 7 f. 3 835 4 10,105 2,722 2,880 640 630 11,446 12,579 1,200 4,802 41,099 5 450 3,900 6 85 250 7 8 q 12,260 42,780 15,167 106,120 1,560 2,180 290,125 2,403 35,881 in w I' 4,666 192,823 n 14,072 7,279 6,259 10 1,010 1,017 14 Eood preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 ■Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 JHair work 1 Hand stamps 1 Eats, wool-f41t 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Jewelry 1 Lamps and refiectors 2 Liquors, malt 1 Marble and stone work 1 Mattresses and spring beds, not else- where specified 1 Monuments and tombstones 1 Patent medicines and compounds 2_ Photo-engraving, not done in print- ing establishments 1 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 2 Smelting and refining, zinc 1 Trunks and valises 1 Varnishes 1 Watch and clock materials 3 Watches 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 2 Wool 'Shoddy 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED.! $253,366 374, 913 249,344 194,660 125,338 53, 708 19,580 51,468 524,264 129,363 441,931 374, 837 200,350 172,360 119, 659 375,983 62, 937 397,384 70,432 201,461 107,348 22,251 39, 996 448, 967 21,059 122,585 311,944 235, 057 81, 200 183,476 $272,404 524, 949 142, 923 176, 922 123, 952 110,742 20,420 42, 869 630,684 191, 177 598,014 211, 015 32,331 327, 515 143, 018 496,394 109, 295 677, 881 29,664 298,607 88,587 16, 734 64,047 682, 087 29,536 154,028 495,323 285,084 62,379 327, 943 $1,768,613 3,032,809 1,409,914 1,539,787 852,613 $10,718 6,043 3,108 22, 968 60 $24,129 51,576 11, 774 26,425 17,571 $64,655 239,594 144,072 32, 976 50,615 829, 027 8,440 3,273 16, 434 46,570 33, 168 39, 405 8,066 10,858 64,556 60,236 123, 103 242,897 2,946,931 1,345,873 28 1,642 43,778 5,164 2,323,640 3,320,600 656,208 1,661,047 941,257 9,315 7,788 77,076 30,925 300 55,891 23,885 12,514 30, 478 20,669 81, 152 134,013 15,629 65, 474 27,555 4,007,136 499,388 3,568,772 762, 975 1,576,354 44,688 9,558 30,357 9,620 6,767 117, 199 30,253 283, 954 55, 956 46, 878 125 4,865 4,760 817, 018 134, 270 471, 224 3,509,619 240,524 6,751 7,879 10,242 46, 100 10,865 31,896 7,658 10, 726 166,472 5,197 308 40 43,370 34,873 492,002 1,863,154 1,376,901 1,040,007 1,776,660 21,200 46,320 64,609 75 3,251 4,156 52, 618 21,231 8,427 12,063 4, 120, 177 247,379 148,589 47,280 74,034 $8, 194, 723 5,069,677 2, 784, 242 1,951,107 2, 984, 710 1, 079, 134 422, 928 586, 947 7,148,608 2,789,855 6,426,575 4,132,814 2,350,040 3, 762, 626 1,396,473 9,335,533 1,300,680 15,130,889 1,587,629 2,533,106 3,071,928 260,864 635,538 10,086,544 264,826 3, 846, 887 4, 239, 637 3,318,219 1, 250, 297 7,080,' — $409,635 199, 890 121, 697 132,557 61, 421 46,850 22,324 46, 174 536, 914 138,301 239, 171 138, 084 88,638 146, 984 118, 167 509, 739 59, 564 4, 905, 610 116, 180 152, 684 412, 142 22, 829 57, 660 300, 794 227, 632 125, 266 194, 956 92, 714 512, 196 549, 493 $12,864,632 10, 789, 383 5, 727, 269 4,803,808 4,583,539 2,576,965 767.533 1, 24C 696 14,485,669 6, 291, 160 11,957,406 10,491,829 3,984,824 7, 446, 977 3, 192, 129 17, 903, 162 2,356,192 30, 091, 415 3, 193, 020 5, 446, 615 5, 245, 780 660, 637 1,543,727 19, 925, 106 1,555,083 9,609,500 9,556,918 6,487,859 3, 886, 617 12,438,614 $4, 260, 174 6, 629, 916 2,821,330 2, 720, 144 1,537,408 1, 450, 981 322, 281 611,576 6,801,047 2,363,004 5, 291, 660 6,220,931 1,546,146 3,537,367 1, 677, 499 8,057,890 994, 948 10,054,916 1, 489, 211 2,760,825 1, 761, 710 276, 944 850,529 9,637,768 1, 062, 626 5,637,347 5,122,325 3,076,926 2, 124, 124 8,335 7,794 4,447 4,579 5,222 5,807 1,212 1,126 21,002 4,735 10, 634 5,956 2,249 4,600 l,r"' 17,556 2,855 45,918 3,543 6,394 8,342 606 2,305 12, 200 1,113 6,297 5,430 5,823 18, 663 6,191 4,3U 2,426 1,419 4, '135 5,690 1,025 509 15,284 4,035 5,040 4,416 360 3,648 1,327 17,116 963 26, 826 2,984 4,168 7,238 368 536 6,642 6,044 4,167 1,958 4,965 18, 112 981 173 160 56 135 15 43 3 64 214 124 251 160 53E 36 126 84 2 42 12,043 14] 10 47 35 6 32 104 2 52 28 46 1,163 3,160 1,830 3,146 714 117 184 562 5,504 576 5,343 841 1,853 827 573 438 1,850 6,908 549 1,179 1,104 103 1,763 5,626 287 478 2,078 3,444 812 561 709 1,538 516 ■279 l,i 8,122 1,550 3,056 10 11,740 112 17, 297 433 3,271 2,937 5 7,010 15 4,127 530 1,142 3,1 2,348 < Same number reported throughout the year. 5 Excludes statistics for Cicero, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® INDIANA. By Olive Stakk Tayler. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Indiana was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1816. With a gross area of 36,354 square nules, 36,045 of which represent land surface, it ranks thirty-seventh in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 num- bered 2,516,462^ and in 1910, 2,700,876; and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,779,000. In total population Indiana ranked ninth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked eleventh, with 74.9 inhabitants per square mUe, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 70.1. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 1,143,835, or 42.4 percent of the total, as against 34.3 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 30 cities each with an estimated population of more than 10,000. Five of these — ^Indianapohs, Fort Wayne, EvansviUe, South Bend, and Terre Haute — had more than 50,000 inhabitants each and the remaioing 25 had from 10,000 to 26,000. The 29 cities (exclusive of Gary) of more than 10,000, whose aggregate population in 1914- formed 33.8 per cent of the estimated total population of Indiana, reported 63 per cent of the state's maniifactured products. Statistics for Gary can not be ^shown separately without disclosing individual operations. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 7,476, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are available) was 2,182. The total value of farm crops grown in Indiana in 1909 was $204,209,812, the leading items being com, $98,437,988, and wheat, $33,593,141; and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during the same year was $92,896,132. The state ranked ninth in that year in total value of farm crops, third in production of corn, eighth in that of wheat, and seventh in value of domestic animals sold or slaugh- tered on farms. The total value of products of the mines, quarries, and weUs of Indiana in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was $42,864,267, the leading items being bituminous coal, $18,290,928, and cement, $8,371,089. The state ranked fourteenth in that year in total value of min- eral products, second in production of cement, and sixth in that of coal. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Indiana's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $730,795,021, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 197,503. In that year the state ranked eighth in the former respect and ninth in the latter; the corresponding ranking for each item in 1909 was ninth. The out- put of manufactured products in Indiana in 1914 represented 3 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the corresponding pro- portion for 1909 was 2.8 per cent, and for 1904, 2.7 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. The totals presented in this table do not include statistics for an establishment operated by the Federal Government, the general depot of the Quartermaster's Department, located at Jefferson- vOle. In 1914 this plant employed an average of 765 wage earners, and its products, which consisted principally of clothing, were valued at $529,884. Table 1 MANUFACTUEtNG INDUSTRIES. PER CENT OF DTCBEASE.' 1914 1909 1904 1899 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 8,022 233,270 7,229 28,538 197,503 709,703 $668,863,232 155,854,826 36,596,497 119,258,329 1,949,324 33,332,276 423,857,157 730,795,021 306,937,864 7,969 218,263 7,674 23,605 186,984 633,377 $508,717,197 121,815,291 26,304,675 95,510,616 2,145,858 30,179,792 334,374,753 579,075,046 244,700,293 7,044 176,227 7,191 14, 862 154,174 380,758 $312,071,234 87,086,888 16,028,789 72,058,099 1,360,092 '2,373,100 220,507,007 393,954,405 173,447,398 7,128 m 10,447 139,017 325,919 $219,321,080 69,251,062 9,970,931 59,280,131 196,162,666 337,071,630 141,909,064 0.7 6.9 -5.8 20.9 5.6 12.1 31.5 27.9 39.1 24.9 -9.2 10.4 26.8 26.2 25.4 13.1 23.9 6.7 68.8 21.3 66.3 63.0 39.9 75.0 32.5 57.8 -1.2 42.3 10 9 16.8 Capital 42 3 25.8 50.7 Wages 21 6 61.6 47.0 41.1 13 16 9 Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) 22.2 1 A minus sign (-) denotes decrease. DigitiZBd^b^^Mk^f^^Oft® ' Exclusive of internal revenue. (367) 368 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. All the items in this table show smaller percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 than from 1904 to 1909. The only decreases shown for the later period are for proprietors and firm members — 5.8 per cent — and contract work — 9.2 per cent. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z All industries. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Slaughtering and meat packing Foundrjr and macliine-shop products Flour-mill and gristmill products Liquors, distilled Automobiles, including bodies and parts Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies Carriages and wagons and materials. furniture Lumber and timber products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Printing and publishing Glass Canning and preserving Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products Liquors, malt Cement \\\ Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Clothing, men's, including shirts.'. .. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk . . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products.. Marble and stone work Gas, illuminating and heating Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified . Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Tobacco manufactures Musical instruments, pianos and organs knd materials Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves Hosiery and knit goods...- Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified Leather goods Furnishing goods, men's , Soap Leather, tanned, curried, and fiiiished. Confectionery Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified , Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills , Ice, manufactured Cotton goods Coffee, roasting and grinding , . . . Confectionery (ice cream) Artificial stone products Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Woolen goods Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills Paint and varnish Mineral and soda waters Clothing, women's CENSUS OP 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. ;,022 19 68 513 612 14 10 193 197 913 49 922 41 141 33 825 32 7 41 41 231 144 179 60 156 418 27 11 30 162 27 12 10 76 37 9 106 4 12 115 335 17 21 5 22 123 19 Wage earners. Average number. 197,503 11, 106 4,484 17, 025 2,281 508 7,219 5,800 7,306 10,803 7,641 14,398 6,140 9,390 4,422 3,991 3,188 2,207 2,354 4,075 5,260 719 5,512 2,185 3,389 1,668 1,499 1,620 864 3,659 1,614 1,481 2,338 964 1,061 2,036 315 434 905 707 961 111 372 783 739 662 633 719 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 5.6 2.3 ae 1.2 0.3 3.7 2.9 3.7 5.5 3.9 7.3 3.1 4.8 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.1 1.2 2.1 2.7 0.4 2.8 1.1 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.4 1.8 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 36; a mini not be given. Value of products. Amount. $730,795,021 58,882,622 61, 065, 774 48, 879, 894 37,488,223 31,483,823 29,389,088 21,571,441 21,568,651 21,412,315 21,034,309 20,586,579 17,116,746 14,881,372 13,866,383 12, 791,461 12,464,260 11,936,237 10, 106, 700 8, 879, 178 8,856,936 8,824,242 8, 604, 625 7, 800, 669 6,666,617 6,398,147 6,332,645 6,233,536 5,739,646 6,516,297 3,933,934 3,863,344 3,748,382 3,731,517 3,621,184 2, 996, 195 2,980,028 2, 928, 107 2,851,393 2,688,735 2,372,699 2,283,066 2,109,432 2,029,250 1,796,581 1,789,801 1, 782, 182 1, 754, 766 1,704,866 1,560,897 1,638,933 1,522,027 1,484,880 1,481,440 1,475,585 ,463,763,1 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 8.1 7.0 6.7 5.1 4.3 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $306,937,864 21,825,975 4,770,333 27,538,702 5,247,657 26, 478, 198 10,568,484 7,869,370 10,844,033 10,533,166 9,433,006 11,203,130 12,098,041 7,975,949 5,048,150 9,304,796 5,230,372 8,569,244 5, 113, 657 4,948,631 3,470,205 1,393,046 5,944,653 2,998,679 4,493,070 3,787,577 2,068,105 1,919,667 3,644,583 3,229,069 2,286,474 2,186,980 1,719,412 1,486,368 1,339,363 1,109,499 1,393,317 602,232 1,090,611 787, 842 448,478 829,829 718,044 1,391,336 663,021 328, 732 1,087,181 766,488 758,661 800,668 531, 253 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 7.1 1.6 9.0 1.7 2.6 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.6 3.9 2.6 1.6 3.0 1.7 2.8 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.9 1.0 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0:2 PEK CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 6.6 -9.4 1.4 7.7 -0.7 18.7 6.2 42.0 -17.6 -25.9 11.8 -9.1 -1.6 29.8 -16.0 27.3 38.5 1.6 32.6 29.1 47.3 -7.7 3.0 3.2 79.7 90.5 7.9 7.9 31.0 8.7 21.0 39.9 -14.4 66.4 150.0 . 9.0 2.3 -1.7 7.6 -1.2 101.2 64.6 -39.3 -10.6 67.3 34.4 20.1 -5.4 -7.3 1904- 1909 21.3 40.2 22.9 0.4 27.0 733.0 25.6 -5.7 6.3 13.5 16.1 -20.6 -0.6 34.0 18.4 21.4 194.2 117.0 8.3 11.6 114 7 52.2 49.4 41.0 -7.3 -1.5 4.7 27.3 12.4 46.0 36.1 -37.0 50.2 29.2 100.3 29.4 -12.8 18.0 44.0 34.8 -5.3 196.2 35.4 1899- 1904 10.9 -4.8 -12.5 6.5 10.5 42.8 -2.5 7.9 40.4 3.3 -7.6 59.2 68.5 25.6 60.7 1.0 10.2 115.1 82.6 34.8 37.7 -14.7 47.5 44.4 65.3 -33.8 22.5 44.8 1.4 14.0 -17.4 27.6 8.7 27.1 Value of products. 1909- 1914 52.3 8.0 22.6 -7.6 -0.4 127.1 -0.4 -9.1 20.2 19.2 28.4 58.3 -6.4 22.1 43.6 43.9 15.1 10.3 122.9 12.0 36.3 16.7 103.3 46.8 19.8 32.1 32.8 6.7 40.4 57.4 18.0 3.4 65.8 266.7 26.7 11.5 42.5 198.6 -4.8 165.6 64.8 -28.2 -3.0 106. 3 118.1 13.2 6.3 -3.1 33.7 123.9 -29.3 1904- 1909 47.0 128.4 60.7 56.8 11.2 54.0 1,349.9 -5.4 12.4 7.7 18.0 25.1 -21.2 48.6 47.2 34.2 447.3 170.1 48.1 18.9 99.8 69.3 71.1 83.0 32.8 -1.5 6.4 35.5 13.1 86.4 70.5 23.4 119.9 67.2 142.2 63.9 -13.6 10.1 75.3 68.6 91.5 295.8 92.1 30.8 48.1 34.5 -2.4 1899- 1904 16.9 -12.5 -32.9 24.9 25.6 21.0 11.4 21.8 -16.3 41.7 28.0 -0.3 87.4 25.7 66.5 7.3 80.1 27,. 53.0 106.5 77.9 -6.1 83.5 60.5 54.2 39.8 26.3 -33.9 22.5 101.8 -41.4 37.5 11.2 74.7 85.6 60.7 67.8 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 26.4 73.9 -10.1 29.5 -6.3 -1.6 20.4 146.6 17.9 21.1 17.1 16.2 79.4 6.7 31.3 36.5 78.6 23.0 2.8 82.7 7.7 28.6 12.4 85.2 47.2 12.6 28.3 26.9 16.3 17.2 81.5 -4.6 93.5 433.5 0.6 5.3 18.8 146.9 -7.7 109.4 41.3 -20.3 -16.3 97.6 113.4 26.5 7.1 3.3 31.7 121.9 -31.2 1904- 1909 41.1 108.7 66.4 62.6 7.9 53.5 976.0 -0.1 9.6 10.6 23.2 24.5 -25.0 21.2 73.1 42.0 63.5 42.6 -4.« 232.5 124.9 123.2 56.5, 20.8 14.2 44.0 68.1 79.8 ji(H 61.3 63.0 41.9 21.8 -2.4 10.4 41.5 46.6 46.2 66.0 -0.8 108.4 4a 1 183.3 16.9 -9.5 32.9 67.8 141.9 92.1 274.8 87.5 17.6 36.7 26.3 -10.7 id where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 369 Table a— Continued. CENSUS OF 19U. PEE CENT OF INCREASE.' Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Wood, turned and carved 30 6 5 14 3 6 13 7 660 630 360 517 193 451 202 383 147 22,526 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 11.4 $1,295,232 1,277,895 1,239,100 1,135,794 1,077,578 1,009,729 1,001,754 1,000,944 124,007,804 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 17.0 $553,154 501,815 649,819 388,296 621,748 401,791 580,688 284,508 39,695,033 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 12.9 -6.9 -17.4 -32.1 56.9 -9.4 -37.7 12.0 -44.6 92.9 544.9 13.5 -64.6 10.8 30.7 8.7 148.9 -22. 7 87.8 61.5 239.4 -38.6 112.6 ■555. 2 52.5 10.5 33.3. -50.9 '"i7.'3' -0.4 60.0 10.0 91.6 -8.0 55.8 72.9 102.0 -46.1 96.2 457.5 41.3 7.5 25.0 -38.2 Carriages and sleds, children's Fertilizers " '49.'6 Wipfl^il'H -6.7 "Wood preserving Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors T?.nnfi|ig TTiatflrinls? ... -28.8 31.8 All other industries 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 36; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages aroomitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 63 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $1,000,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 6 with products exceeding $25,000,000 in. value, 5 vsdth products between $20,000,000 and $25,000,000, 7 with products between $10,000,000 and $20,000,000, and 11 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, making an aggregate of 29 industries with products in excess of $5,000,000 in value. The remaining industries comprise 34 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000. Among those included under the head of "aU other industries" are the following which have products in excess of those shown in the table, but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclosing the operations of individ- ual estabhshments : Boots and shoes, rubber; coke, not including gas-house coke; glucose and starch; iron and steel, blast furnaces; petroleum, refining; and smelting and refining, lead. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of prod- ucts, but the arrangement would differ considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. None of the industries shown in the table ranks ahke in all three respects. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling miUs ranked first in value of products, but third in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing, second in value of products, was thirteenth in number of wage earners and twentieth in value added by manufacture. Foundry and machine-shop products, third in value of products, was first in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture. Flour-miU and grist- mill products, fourth in value of products, was twenty- second in number of wage earners and fifteenth in value added by manufacture. Owing to the com- paratively simple processes involved in both the slaughtering and meat-packing and the flour-mill and gristmill industries and the extent to which the manufacturing processes are carried ©/fir/f/^@6iii]^$f 82101°— 18 24 in the latter industry, the number of wage earners and value added by manufacture in these industries are not commensurate with the value of products. In rank according to value of products there were a considerable number of shght changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important indus- tries shown in the table, foundry and machine-shop products; liquors, distilled; automobiles, including bodies and parts; and carriages and wagons and materials held the same rank at both censuses. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling miUs; slaughtering and meat packing; flour-miU and gristmill products; and cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies, ranking first, second, fourth, and seventh, respectively, in 1914, were fourth, fiist, second, and fifteenth, respectively, in 1909. For many of the remaining industries changes from census to census are also noticeable. Iron and steel, steel works and roUing mitts. — At the 1914 census 19 estabhshments were reported as steel works and rolling miUs. The value of products reported for these establishments, $58,882,522, places Indiana fourth in order of importance among the states for the industry, it having displaced New York from this position since 1909. During the fivB-year period 1909-1914 the total value of products in- creased from $38,652,000 to $58,883,000, or by 52.3 per cent, and the value added by manufacture in- creased from $12,553,000 to $21,826,000, or by 73.9 per cent, while the number of wage earners decreased from 12,255 to 11,106, or by 9.4 per cent. The development of large steel works and ro llin g mills at Gary accoimts, in a large measure, for the magnitude of the industry in Indiana. The impor- tance of the iron and steel industry as a whole is much greater than is indicated by the figures for the steel works and rohing mills, ^since the statistics for blast furnaces and for the manufacture of tin plate and terneplate can not be shown without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classification ^W/©pi0@Ow('@)lishments doing wholesale slaughtering 370 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. and meat packing and those engaged in the manufac- ture of sausage only. It does not include the numer- ous retail butcher shops, which slaughter a large num- ber of animals. At the 1914 census 68 estabhshments were reported as engaged in slaughtering and meat packing in Indiana. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the total value of products of this industry increased from $47,289,000 to $51,066,000, or by 8 per cent, and the- average number of wage earners from 4,423 to 4,484, or by 1.4 per cent, while the value added by manufacture decreased by 10.1 per cent. Liquors, distilled. — The value of products and value added by manufacture for this industry include internal-revenue taxes to the amount of $23,937,560, representing the Federal tax on all taxable hquors manufactured by the distillers, including liquors placed in bond. In 1914 emplojnnent was given to an aver- age of only 508 wage earners, or but three-tenths of 1 per cent of the total for aU industries in the state, and judged on this basis the industry becomes of minor importance. Automobiles, including bodies and farts. — This in- dustry, for which but 1 estabhshment was reported in 1899, had increased in 1914 until it comprised 86 es- tabhshments, the value of whose products amounted to $29,389,088. The manufacture of automobile bodies and parts has become so interwoven with other indus- tries that it is not possible to state how fully the statistics show the magnitude of the industry. A number of the foundries and machine shops and establishments en- gaged in the manufacture of electrical apparatus and supphes incidentaUy manufacture automobile acces- sories and parts, while a number of estabhshments classified trnder the heading "rubber goods, not else- where specified," manufacture automobile tires. Oars, steanir-railroad, not including operations of rail- road companies. — This industryj measured by value of products, ranked fifteenth in 1909, but took seventh place in 1914. Dirring the five-year period 1909-1914 the t(3tal value of products increased from $9,498,000 to $21,570,000, or by 127.1 per cent; the average num- ber of wage earners, from 4,084 to 5,800, or by 42 per cent; and the value added by manufacture, from $3,189,000 to $7,859,000, or by 146.5 per cent. Carriages and wagons and materials. — This classifi- cation includes, in addition to the establishments which made vehicles during the year, those which were engaged in the manufacture of carriage or wagon bodies, tops, or other parts and accessories. It does not include establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of children's carriages and sleds. The industry is more or less interwoven with other indus- tries, such as the manufacture of foundry and machine products, and of rubber goods. The value of products, which amounted to $21,568,651 in 1914, shows a de- crease of less than one-half of 1 per cent during the five-year period 1909-1914. Glass. — There were only two glass plants in Indiana when natural gas was discovered in the state about 1886. With the development of this cheap form of fuel, the industry began to grow rapidly, and in 1899 it reported products valued at $14,758,000. With a reduction in the supply of natural gas during the fol- lowing decade, the growth of the industry was checked and the value of products fell off three-tenths of 1 per cent from 1899 to 1904, and 21.2 per cent from 1904 to 1909. In October, 1913, however, Indiana commenced to draw upon the natural-gas supply of West Virginia, and it is estimated that 1,865,569,000 cubic feet were piped into the state during the following year. During the period 1909-1914 the manufacture of glass in Indiana again showed a gain, the value of prod- ucts having increased from $11,593,000 in 1909 to $14,881,000 m 1914, or by 28.4 per cent. This places Indiana third among the states in order of impor- tance in this industry. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANDTAC- TUEING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male.. All classes . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 233,270 218,263 14,809 14,520 201,481 190,684 31,789 27,579 86.4 87.4 13 6 12.6 14,380 14,185 429 335 97.1 97.7 2 9 2.3 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried officers of corporations . Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 7,229 7,674 3,072 2,621 4,508 4,225 20,958 16,759 197,503 186,984 6,941 7,425 2,985 2,577 4,454 4,183 15,365 12,801 171,736 163,698 288 249 87 44 54 42 5,593 3,958 25,767 23,286 96.0 96.8 97.2 98.3 98.8 99.0 73.3 76.4 87.0 87.5 4.0^ 3.2 2.8 1.7 1.2 1.0 26.7 23.6 13.0 12.5 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age 195,905 183,372 1,598 3,612 170,767 161,117 969 2,581 25,138 22,255 629 1,031 87.2 87.9 60.6 71.5 12.8 12.1 39 4 28.5 In 1914 the nmnber of persons engaged in manu- factures was 233,270, of whom 197,503, or 84.7 per cent, were wage earners, 14,809 were proprietors and officials, and 20,958 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 170,767, or seven-eighths, were males, and 25,138, or one-eighth, were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earneis for individual industries wiU be found in Table 37. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 371 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUBING ENDUSTEIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. • 1911 1909 1911 1909 1914 1909 All classes 6.9 5.7 15.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.0 -5.8 17.2 6.7 25.1 5.6 6.8 -55.8 1.4 -6.6 15.8 6.5 20.0 4.9 6.0 -62.5 28.1 15.7 6.3 3.1 1.3 1.9 9.0 84.7 84.0 0.7 6.7 3.5 1.2 1.9 7.7 85.7 84.0 1.7 7.1 3.4 1.-5 2.2 7.6 85.2 84.8 0.5 7.4 3.9 1.4 2.2 6.7 85.8 84.5 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.2 17.6 81.1 79.1 2.0 1.2 0.9 SalarietJ ofi&cers of corporations . 0.2 0.2 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees ... 41.3 10.7 13.0 -39.0 14.4 Wage earners (average number) 84.4 80.7 3.7 L A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exceptions of proprietors and firm members and of wage earners under 16 years of age, in which groups there were decreases of 5.8 per cent and 55.8 per cent, respectively. The largest percentage of in- crease for both sexes combined, 25.1 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 84 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state both in 1914 and in 1909. Wage earners under 16 years of age repre- sented only seven-tenths of 1 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in the later year, as against 1.7 per cent in the earher. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earlier census. (See "Ex- planation of terms".) Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 233,270 218,263 176,227 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.9 23.9 Proprietors and firm members 7,229 ,28,538 197,503 7,674 23,605 186,984 7,191 14,862 154,174 3.1 12.2 84.7 3.5 10.8 85.7 4.1 8.4 87.5 -5.8 20.9 5.6 6.7 58.8 Wage earners (average) 21.3 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. With the exception of proprietors and firm mem- bers for the period 1909-1914, each of the classes shown in this table, as well as the total for all classes com- bined, shows increases for both five-year periods; but the increases, both absolute and relative, are much greater for the earlier than for the later period. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For aU industries combined the proportions which male and female wage earners 16 years of age and over represented of the total show comparatively httle variation during the ten years, that for males having increased shghtly from census to census, while that for females decreased during the first five-year period and increased during the second; but the pro- portion which children under 16 years of age formed of the total in 1914 — eight-tenths of 1 per cent — was only a httle more than one-third as great as the corre- sponding proportion in 1904 — 2.2 per cent. Of the 28 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 21 show increases from 1909 to 1914 in the proportions of males and 14 show increases in the proportions of females, while in only three — ^men's ftu*- nishing goods; printing and publishing; and musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials — ^were there increases in the proportions of children under 16 years of age. In five industries — canning and preserv- ing; men's clothing, incluchng shirts; men's furnishing goods; hosiery and knit goods; and tobacco manufac- tures — women constituted more than half the total wage earners in 1914, the largest proportion being employed in the men's furnishing goods industry, in which more than seven-eighths of the wage earners were females 16 years of age and over. The largest number, both abso- lute and relative, of children under 16 years of age was reported for the hosiery and knit-goods industry in 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 372 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 6 All industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts... Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Caiming and preserving Gasriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies. Cement Clothing, men's, including shirts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Hour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAKNEES. Aver- num- ber.i 197,503 186,984 154, 174 3.991 4,749 7,219 6,797 3,188 2,505 5,512 5,974 4,422 3,406 14,398 12,884 5,800 4,084 2,354 2,318 5,260 4,073 2,185 2,121 4,075 3,073 2,281 2,298 17,025 15,809 Per cent ol total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 86.5 86.2 85.3 97.8 96.9 81.4 79.4 95.4 92.7 47.5 42.7 97.6 95.8 99.1 99.8 13.7 13.6 84.7 78.9 77.5 69.2 98.4 97.6 97.3 Fe- male. 12.7 11.9 12.5 2.2 2.6 1.3 0.5 17.7 17.5 3.9 6.3 50.9 54.2 2.3 3.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 84.5 83.3 14.9 18.8 22.2 29.9 1.4 0.6 2.3 2.0 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.8 1.9 2.2 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.9 3.1 0.7 2.0 1.5 3.1 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 1.8 3.2 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.2 O.S 0.1 0.7 Furnishing goods, men's rumiture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Census year, 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE BARNEBS. Aver- num- ber.i 2,036 1,302 10,803 10,745 1,668 928 9,390 9,644 2.338 1,933 11,106 12,255 2,207 1,594 7,641 10,317 3,389 3,283 1,614 1,667 1,620 1,501 6,140 6,756 4,484 4,423 3,659 2,794 44,392 38,984 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. 6.6 6.6 89.8 90.9 96.8 95.1 1.9 2.9 99.8 99.9 0.2 0.1 90.7 89.5 7.6 5.4 29.4 26.3 63.3 54.4 100.0 99.8 P) 99.4 95.6 0.6 0.9 98.1 97.3 1.4 1.2 99,8 99.7 0.1 0.1 94.0 96.3 5.9 3.7 93.4 94.5 6.5 5.1 73.2 70.1 24.1 27.7 93.6 92.3 6.0 5.9 37.6 47.0 62.3 47.9 82.9 78.4 15.9 18.9 Un- der 16 years of ago. 3.6 2.5 1.3 2.0 1.7 5.1 7.3 19.3 m 0.2 0.5 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 m 0.3 2.7 2.2 0.4 1.7 0.1 5.1 1.2 2.8 > For method ol estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of 29 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Statistics for Gary can not be shown sepa- rately without disclosing individual operations. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where the per cent of increase can be computed. As might be expected, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greatly in excess of that for females in every city. In fact, the only cities in which this proportion fell below 80 per cent in 1914 were Brazil, Evansville, and Fort Wayne; and in each of the last-named two places it increased be- tween 1909 and 1914. The percentages of men, women, and children, for all cities combined, were 83.9, 15.3, and eight-tenths of 1 per cent, respec- tively. Most of the cities show decreases from 1909 to 1914 in both nximbers and proportions of wage «amers tmder 16 years of age, the only exceptions being Huntington, Hammond, and Michiaan City, for, all of which increases in proportions fer69rep©M^ QJm' for the last two of which increases in numbers are also shown. Among the cities for which figures from the last two censuses are available. East Chicago shows the largest increase in number and Laporte the largest increase in proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over. Jeffersonville shows the greatest proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over in 1914, 98.8 per cent — ^while 1.2 per cent of the wage earners were adult females. No children were reported as wage earners in that city. In Indianapolis, by far the most important city in the state in respect to population and to manufactur- ing operations, the percentage of males 16 years of age and over increased from 82.3 in 1909 to 83.7 in 1914, while the percentage of females 16 years of age and over decreased from 15.9 to 15.6, and that of children from 1.8 to seven-tenths of 1 per cent. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 60.4, is shown for Kokomo; the next highest, 54, for Michi- gan City; and the third highest, 53.5, for Jefferson- li^J^¥r\.Jr^(^^^^^^ percentage of increase during the 'r'tfetM^^§0^1914, 176.6, is shown for Hammond. MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 373 Table 7 Anderson Bloomington. Brazil ,. Crawfordsville Ea?t CUoago . , ElHiart Elwood Evansville Fort Wayne. Hammond Huntington.. Indianapolis.. Jefifersonville.. Eokomo Lafayette Laporte..:... Logansport... . Marion Michigan City Mishawalca . . . Mmide New Albany.. Newcastle... Peru Richmond Shelby ville... South Bend . . Terre Haute.. Vinceimes AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 1914 3.906 1,057 584 2,993 1,961 10,333 11,161 4,281 1,239 30, 971 1,176 3,289 1,310 1,765 1,709 2,970 4,442 3,332 3,687 1,458 1,950 787 3,662 1,221 12,203 5,270 962 1909 15,067 12,942 12,072 1 8, 824 10,298 3,841 1,376 i'31, 736 766 2,051 11,225 1,674 2,169 12,229 12,885 3,445 13,683 11,851 619 3,621 11,789 14,347 1,233 1904 2,265 1,779 7,758 7,729 1,548 1,311 26,725 1,492 1,917 1,786 1,720 2,219 3,140 2,855 2,240 912 2,970 8,997 4,044 1,354 16 years of age and over. Male. 1914 3,333 946 437 572 7,331 2,600 1,619 7,763 8,395 3,453 1,022 25,936 1,162 2,952 1,171 1,544 1,577 2,400 3,926 2,746 3,224 1,257 1,828 640 3,140 1,052 10,053 4,290 903 1909 3,710 15,052 12,548 11,829 1 6, 261 7,494 1,180 126,118 753 1,704 •1,024 1,232 1,913 11,936 12,680 2,901 13,240 11,488 552 3,253 9,893 I 3, 694 1,163 1904 •2,661 1,832 1,648 1 5, 875 •5,866 1,176 1,239 21,611 1,440 1,753 1,496 1,548 •1,986 2,530 •2,495 •1,699 •771 2,630 •7,320 •3,455 •1.258 Female. 1914 541 100 146 105 149 381 330 2,451 2,578 740 198 4,827 14 325 137 210 127 545 465 566 436 186 119 128 504 156 2,058 965 58 1909 581 •344 •210 12,100 2,353 496 177 1 5, 051 12 326 183 411 238 •233 199 458 •287 ■327 42 329 1,510 •621 62 1904 347 413 110 •1,544 1,546 353 59 4,652 41 144 157 •186 645 •287 474 •111 326 1,383 •565 91 Under 16 years of age. 1914 1909 50 •33 463 451 19 •567 1 21 18 1904 20 21 •339 •317 19 13 462 11 20 21 31 IS 15 > 60 48 6 65 86 •56 •73 •36 67 2.5 1.30 39 14 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 1914 85.3 89.5 74.8 84.1 98.0 86.9 82.6 75.1 75.2 80.7 82.5 83.7 87.5 92.3 80.8 88.4 82.4 87.4 86.2 93.7 81.3 85.7 86.2 82.4 81.4 93.9 1909 84.5 86. 6 88.3 71.0 72.8 86.1 85.8 82.3 98.3 83.1 83.6 83.9 85.0 94.3 1904 92.6 75.7 75.9 76.0 94.5 80.9 96.5 91.4 73.6 88.2 90.0 86.9 89. 5 92.9 80.6 84.2 90.4 87.4 80.4 75.8 89.2 84.5 89.8 88.6 81.4 85.4 92.9 Female. 1914 13.9 9.5 25.0 15.4 2.0 12.7 16.8 23.7 23.1 17.3 16.0 15.6 1.2 9.9 10.5 11.9 7.4 18.4 10.5 17.0 11.8 12.8 6.1 16.3 13.8 12.8 16.9 18.3 6.0 1909 13.2 0.2 11.7 10.1 23.8 22.8 12.9 12.9 15.9 1.6 15.9 14.9 12.8 14.3 5.0 1904 11.3 18.2 6.2 19.9 20.0 22.8 4.5 17.4 2.7 7.5 15.1 24.6 11.0 9.1 10.5 8.4 6.9 17.4 13.3 8.0 10.1 17.7 21.2 6.8 12.2 9.1 11.0 15.4 14.0 6.7 Under 16 years of age. 1914 1909 2.3 1904 2.3 0.9 1.2 4.4 4.1 1.2 1.0 1.7 0.7 1.0 1.2 0.9 2.2 2.1 2.6 3.0 3.3 0.5 3.3 0.5 0.4 • Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNER,S.^ CITY. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.^ OITK Period. Total. 16 years of age ' and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 26.9 -11.1 42.7 47.7 32.1 1.7 29.9 10.2 -5.4 16.5 33-. 2 17.1 13.7 44.4 8.4 33.2 176.6 11.5 148.1 -5.5 -10.0 6.0 15.9 -2.4 18.8 -21.2 53.6 -48.7 71.6 60.4 7.0 -26.7 6.9 -31.4 25.3 -10.2 39.4 45.1 41.9 2.0 39.1 -1.8 -11.5 11.0 32.1 24.0 6.6 43.1 12.0 27.8 193.6 4.4 181.1 -17.5 -13.4 -4.8 20.0 -0.7 20.9 -19.3 54.3 -47.7 68.4 73.2 -2.8 mi -31.6 55.9 -6.9 67.4 ''-68.'6 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 5.4 -0.6 -21.2 26.1 33.8 33.2 0.5 41.5 -3.3 29.1 2.9 25.6 -34.9 -21.2 -17.4 -13.7 27.1 -32.1 23.3 1.1 21.9 35.6 3.5 31.0 30.3 21.2 7.5 -29.0 -22.0 -8.9 25.3 1.9 -17.6 23.6 20.9- 24.0 -2.5 55.2 46.5 5.9 -5.3 29.2 -0.5 29.9 -26.0 -15.5 -12.4 -17.0 15.9 -28.4 19.4 -3.5 23.7 37.3 1.6 35.2 24.2 16.1 6.9 -28.2 -22.4 -7.6 -48.9 -19.1 -46.6 51.6 193.0 133.9 25.3 -14.7 133.7 -63.6 23.6 51.9 51.9 P) -60.8 -43.1 -31.0 15.3 Marion . Elkhart -7.7 10.8 -16.7 200.0 57.1 90.9 58.7 16.7 36.0 66.8 9.6 52.2 109.6 49.2 40.6 -64.9 -74.3 36.6 -40.7 -68.3 42.3 Elwood F.vansville Afis'ha.waTrn. Peru -62.2 54.6 53.2 0.9 48.8 36.3 9.2 70.8 55.4 9.9 11.9 ..'.... 3.8 -4.4 8.6 -55.0 -63.3 22.7 South Bend 68.7 Jeffersonville -76.2 31.3 Kokomo .... 125.7 -0.3 126.4 -32.0 ^■■PY:^ Vincennes /licrosoft® La&yette ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 2 Same number reported for both years. 374 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Wage earners employed, by moaths. — The following table givesj for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average nimiber employed dxu-ing each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the nmnber reported for each month, forms of the greatest niunber reported for any month. Table 9 llONTH, January... February.. March April May...;... June July August.... September. October November. December. WAGE EAKNUKS IN MANUFACTUEINO INDUSTEIES. Number.i 1914 196,936 198,650 203,312 205,317 203,442 203,167 199,301 201, 206 206,040 195,400 180, 206 176,939 1909 172, 177, 181, 182, 182, 183, 176, 188, 198, 201, 199, 200, 1904 147,427 149,274 154,795 155,845 158,341 156,753 143,682 150,862 164,668 162,631 153,833 152,077 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 95.6 96.4 98.7 99.6 98.7 98.6 96.7 97.7 100.0 94.9 87.5 85.9 85.6 88.0 89.9 90.6 90.4 90.9 87.3 93.5 98.4 100.0 99.2 99.7 89.6 90.7 94.1 94.7 96.2 95.3 87.3 91.7 100.0 98.8 93.5 92.4 ' Tie figures tor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 16th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 the maximum number of wage earners was reported for September, followed by a decrease from month to month until the minimum was reached in December. In 1904 the month of maximum employ- ment was September also, while in 1909 it was October. The minimum numbers of wage earners in 1909 and 1904 are shown for January and July, respectively. The greatest difference between the maximxim and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 29,101, or 14.1 per cent of the maximum,, in 1914. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together. with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 29 cities hav- ing more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which separate statistics can be shown. Of the selected industries, caiming and preserving, which ranked fourteenth in value of products, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in February forming but 11.4 per cent of the number in September. In view of the seasonal nature of this industry, the fluctuation is quite natural. The smallest degrees of fluctuation are shown for tobacco manufactures and for printing and publishing, for which industries the proportions which the mini- mum formed of the maximum were 95.6 per cent and 95.1 per cent, respectively. Table lO njDUSTIlT AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies... Cement , Clothing, men'.s, including shirts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies I'lour-mni and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Hosiery and knit goods , Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills ".- Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Musical instruments, pianos and or- gans and materials Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing , Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries WAGE EAENEKS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] number em- ployed during year. 197,503 3,991 7,219 3,188 5,512 4,422 7,306 14,398 5,800 2,354 6,260 2,185 4,075 2,281 17,025 2,036 10,803 1,668 9,390 2,338 11,106 2,207 7,641 3,389 1,614 1,620 6,140 4,484 3,659 44,392 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. January. 196,936 4,671 6,500 S,978 4,436 1,801 7,035 14,319 7,190 2,408 5,560 2,036 4,802 2,271 17,423 2,016 10,865 1,431 11,066 2,232 11,008 1,981 7;397 2,428 1,812 1,651 6,234 5,275 3,668 44,441 Febru- ary. 5,095 7,076 3,001 4,S17 1,631 7,617 ^4,527 6,292 2,168 5,528 2,180 4,829 2,239 17,600 2,039 11,621 1,532 n, 278 2,313 11,334 1,887 7,368 2,41iS 1,750 1,640 6,242 4,689 3,720 44,825 March. 203,312 4,792 7,608 3,094 4,634 1,843 7i823 14,604 6,296 2,290 5,632 2,163 4,786 2,314 18, 195 2,068 11,782 1,551 11, 217 2,388 12,426 1,919 7,575 2,871 1,715 1,657 6,229 4,171 3,747 46,033 April. 205,317 4,534 8,031 3,133 5,681 2,050 7,712 14,018 6,428 2,361 5,623 2,251 4,597 2,230 18,164 2,067 11,495 1,646 10,696 2,381 12,574 1,960 7,99S 3,703 1,740 1,670 6,124 4,069 3,600 46,882 May. 203,442 4,000 8,390 3,194 6,110 2,077 13,925 6,400 2,443 5,377 2,189 4,406 2,160 18,316 1,950 11, 195 1,843 10,242 2,392 11. 6*28 2,206 8,012 3,863 1,750 1,652 6,105 3,964 3,682 46,344 June. 3,263 8,042 3,277 6.542 3,907 7,639 13,787 6,006 2,474 5,260 2,131 4,196 2,228 18,033 2,003 10,814 1,931 9,365 2,391 11,554 2,622 7,946 3,896 1,631 1,617 6,077 4,487 3,664 46,408 July. 199,301 7,344 3,313 6,460 2,783 7,645 14,489 6,725 2,518 5,316 2,191 4,016 2,362 17,444 1,966 10,003 1,979 6,900 2,385 12,248 2,748 7,707 3,907 1,560 1,6^8 6,017 4,624 3,660 45,226 August. 201,206 4,381 7,200 3,322 6,325 6,518 7,790 14,651 6,048 2,636 5,188 2,3.31 3,757 2,333 17,361 1,983 10,284 1,920 6,118 2,370 12,629 2,560 7,6.56 4,004 1,634 1,819 6,ooe 4,393 3,868 44,523 Septem- ber. 206,040 3,462 7,177 3,279 6,115 13,440 7,647 14,891 5,301 2,581 5,060 2,508 3,674 2,313 18,592 2,060 10,302 1,689 7,724 2,369 11,883 2,370 7,777 3,958 1,606 1,689 6,109 4,310 3,721 44,593 Octo- ber. 195,460 3,118 6,748 3,254 5,710 11,-170 6,858 14,660 4,918 2,366 4,953 2,270 3,318 2,234 15,904 2,100 10,431 1,548 9,003 2,335 9,480 2,225 7,622 3,848 1,470 1,690 6,088 4,341 3,598 42,518 Novem- ber. 180,286 ^,982 e,2S0 3,212 5,140 3,928 5,766 14,499 4,180 2,109 4,902 2,068 3,268 2,341 14,995 2,087 10,438 1,487 9,679 2,309 8,049 2,022 7,4.54 2,982 1,404 1,578 6,131 4,762 3,620 40,748 Decem- ber. 176,939 6,282 3,199 4,875 2,018 6,512 14,408 3,830 1,904 4,931 l,90e S,B5S 2,349 14,173 2,103 10,406 1,458 9,494 e,soi 8,479 1,984 7,180 2,998 1,406 1,571 6,318 4,823 3, ess 40,166 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 85.9 58.5 74.3 89.6 66.0 11.4 73.7 63.1 72.2 88.2 75.8 67.4 91.4 77.9 92.7 84.9 72.5 54.2 92.0 63.7 68.7 60.2 77.5 91.5 95.1 75.1 96.6 86.7 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 375 Table 10— Continued. ■WAGE earners: 19U. , . ,. . [Month of marimum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of mimmum by italic figures.] rNDUSTKY AND CITY. Average^ number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent January. Febru- ary. March. April. May. Jime. July. August. Septem- ber. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mim- mum is of maxi- mum. Total for cities i . 127,841 129,917 132,002 134,188 133,876 133,038 131, 908 129,974 128,931 128,497 121,759 115,248 114,754 8,5.5 Anderson 3,906 1,057 584 680 7,482 2,993 1,961 10,333 11,161 4,281 1,239 30,971 1,176 3,289 1,310 1,765 1,709 2,970 4,442 3,332 3,687 1,458 1,950 787 3,662 1,221 12,203 5,270 962 4,176 985 474 6S0 7,056 2,925 2,247 10,350 11,546 5,015 1,220 31,055 1,338 3,311 1.314 1,505 1,6m 3,067 4,866 3,350 3,728 1,491 1,767 879 3.734 1,245 12,938 5,126 962 4,112 1,127 m 647 7,401 2,969 2,1R2 10,509 11,657 4,365 1,256 31,403 1,223 3,421 1,324 1,908 1,664 3,280 4,828 3,441 3,999 1,473 1,7 IS 942 4,003 1,293 13,307 5, in 994 4,247 1,060 538 658 7,877 3,039 2,328 10,608 11,769 4,256 1,147 31,855 1,328 3,501 1,348 1,990 1,727 ?,279 4,770 3,397 4,241 1,591 1,760 925 4,168 1,324 13,201 5,266 990 4,232 1,120 577 676 7,880 3,133 2,258 10,588 11,518 4,458 1,173 32,129 1,402 3,563 1,374 2,002 1,685 3,124 4,664 3,402 4,259 1,601 1,814 868 4,103 1,242 12,736 5.300 ■995 4,083 1,203 572 673 8,005 3,187 2,221 10,611 11,493 4,450 1,265 31,979 1,453 3.460 1,357 1,965 1,678 2,978 4,634 3,342 4,142 1,577 1,914 766 3,981 1,093 12, 678 5,325 963 4,155 1,183 592 683 7,782 3,179 2,185 10,621 11,418 4,620 1,285 31,967 1.193 3,196 1,344 2,008 1,698 3,123 4,431 3,379 3,920 1,621 1,984 727 3,783 1,116 12,263 5,4.55 997 3,818 1,121 557 677 7,878 3,061 1,752 10,649 11,299 5,056 1,194 31,484 1,252 2,518 1,337 2,302 1,706 2,519 4,681 3,305 3,663 1,462 1,919 739 3,727 1,017 12,764 5,468 1,009 3,814 8S0 600 697 8,017 2,986 1,953 10,531 10,973 4,602 1,285 31,486 1,055 3,255 1,276 2,130 1,728 B,SS4 4,787 3,385 S,0S8 1,403 2,006 ees 3,550 1,376 12.638 5,508 1,080 3,868 869 749 733 7,966 2,932 2,481 10,088 10.839 4,110 1.222 31,429 1,082 3,716 1,284 1,489 1,742 2,787 4,403 3,263 3,301 1,402 2,119 671 3,343 1.414 12,620 6,516 1,059 3,496 982 770 760 7,099 2,761 1,609 9,839 10,649 3,992 1,297 30,034 944 3,598 1,266 1,210 1,766 2,'977 4,008 3,222 3,405 1,263 2,199 701 3,301 1,206 11, 209 5,238 960 1,124 592 667 6,409 2,855 1,117 9,886 10,389 3,291 1,284 28,704 1,091 3,118 1,253 1,308 1,757 3,168 3,661 S,210 3,199 1,372 2,068 769 S,12S 1,150 9,679 4,970 790 3,529 1,090 539 669 6,414 2,889 1,199 9,716 10,S82 S,257 1,240 28,127 761 2,823 1,243 1,363 1,730 2,954 3,671 3,288 3,349 2I135 789 3,126 1,136 10,403 4,967 745 78.7 Bloomington 68.2 BBAzn- 58.2 Ceawtoedsville 81.6 East Chicago 79.9 Elkhaet 86.6 Elwood 45.0 EVANSVILLE 91.2 Fort Wayne 88.2 Hammond 64.4 Huntington 88.4 87. S . JETFEESONTILLE SI. 7 KOKOMO 67.8 Lafayette 90.5 Lapoete 52.6 Loganspoet 92.1 Marion 72 7 Michigan City 73.2 Mishawaka 93 3 TacNciE 71 3 76 5 Ne-w Castle Peru 70 9 ■RiriHMnmi ■RTnr.T.HYVTT.T^Ti; 74 8 Teeee Haute.. 89 9 VlNCENNES 1 Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosiu-e of individual operations. Among the cities, Elwood shows the greatest -fluctuation, the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being only 45. In three ■other cities — Jeffersonville, Laporte, and Brazil — the corresponding percentages were less than 60. The smallest degree of fluctuation appears for Misha- waka, for which the percentage was 93.3; and for three other cities — ^Logansport, EvansviUe, and La- fayette — it was more than 90. Prevailing hours of labor. — 5n Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported, for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabhshment is .classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphasize the tend- ency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 90,809, or nearly one-half of the total average nmnber of wage earners for all indus- tries combined, were employed in estabUshments where the. prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, whereas only 65,065, or about . one-third, were so employed in 1914. On theQ*gfif/IQfl,/3J(fe number of wage earners in establishments where the prevailing hours were fewer than 54 per week in- creased from 24,583, or 13.1 per cent of the total for the state, in 1909, to 52,907, or 26.8 per cent of the total, in 1914. Among the separate industries, agricultural imple- ments shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909 only 21 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establish- ments where the prevailing hours of labor were 54 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus em- ployed had increased to 91.1 per cent. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling miUs shows no wage earners in establishments where the hours were over 60 per week in 1914, whereas in 1909 more than one-half of the wage earners reported for this industry worked more than 60 hours a week. Clothing, men's, including shirts, and cars and gen- eral shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies also show a decided tendency toward a decrease in hours of labor. In 1914, as in 1909, the prevaiUng hours of labor in the foundries and machine shops, which employed a larger number of wage earners than any other single industry, were from 54 to 60 a week, inclusive. The number employed 60 hours decreased very con- siderably, however, while the numbers employed 54 hours and between 54 and 60 hours, respectively, ipcreased^tl^e increase being especially large for the 376 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 11 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. . Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies Cement Clothing, men's, including shirts , Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Gas, illuminating an'd heating Glass Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work , Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. . Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities i . Anderson Bloomington Brazil Crawfordsville . East Chicago Elkhart Elwood evansville . . . Fort Wayne. Hammond DrgitizedMy !?. mv Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 AVERAGE NTJMBEB OP WAGE EARNER.S. Total. 197,503 186,984 3,991 4,749 7,219 6,797 3,188 2,605 5,612 5,974 4,422 3,406 7,306 8,867 14,398 12,884 6,800 4,084 2,354 2,318 5,260 4,073 2,185 2,121 4,075 3,073 2,281 2,298 17,026 15,809 2,036 1,302 10,803 10,745 9,390 9,544 2,338 1,933 11, 106 12,255 2,207 1,694 7,641 10,317 1,614 1,667 1,620 1,601 6,140 6,756 4,484 4,423 3,659 2,794 44,392 38,984 127,841 3,906 1,067 584 680 7,482 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. 29,358 13,609 Between 48 and 54. 23,649 10,974 2,898 312 18 294 191 206 354 262 211 300 198 6,806 1,272 927 295 227 1,025 17 114 783 127 15 778 230 590 1,860 2,900 101 1,531 96 369 260 169 319 128 3,412 3,912 38 28 1,404 1,622 3,366 1,353 22,922 11, 161 4,281 1,236 4 42 42 2,614 407 1,174 19 37 16 746 86 188 65 492 850 2,388 2,131 1,591 1 1,657 189 78 74 117 164 15 13 1,669 1,412 737 182 961 202 3,361 2,109 151 75 668 447 151 65 851 500 14 4,422 1,872 105 41 84 307 473 54. 29,299 23,552 Between 54 and 60. 332 459 195 1,606 990 222 575 940 302 39 399 997 2,077 95 458 2,492 353 929 220 6 184 52 43 3,960 2,129 640 119 1,936 283 2,290 1,978 1,962 1,647 212 1,046 1,297 1,051 486 196 34 1,068 1,002 137 188 45 4,766 6,559 50,232 48,040 2,879 115 124 470 678 1,686 616 5,144 4,447 816 3,826 818 410 60. 55,021 76,343 188 2,502 654 506 2,854 1,772 36 18 6,391 5,658 481 604 2,872 2,077 65 1,241 1,575 2,328 1,690 ■■ 1,584 289 259 1,386 1,156 976 143 623 486 575 628 373 22 261 974 14,179 11,359 1,415 Mi&osm®.m 3,0 237 513 1,992 156 103 30 120 593 272 1,026 2,075 1,698 454 1,677 214 6 1,047 739 382 2,425 5,285 644 354 872 2,099 1,767 1,567 1,612 3,405 1,676 2,485 960 2,375 11 2,255 3,296 3,216 1,360 1,246 176 49 229 1,094 73 1,440 1,149 4,201 6,222 51 4,256 7,953 503 161 1,908 1,684 Between 60 and 72. 6,733 4,832 4,509 4,120 100 146 4,031 7,401 1,561 2,693 638 1,181 668 234 706 3,879 4,373 116 11,830 15,751 28,053 779 337 476 527 400 2,140 614 861 131 214 263 343 294 1,518 27 249 141 3,976 557 1,608 9 2 73 23 105. 36 1 109 66 72. 1,393 7,129 391 571 76 17 585 954 210 615 673 ' Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 377 Table 1 1— Continued. f INDUSTRY AISTD CITY. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBEK OF -WAGE EAKNEES. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and imder. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. Huntington 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,239 30,971 1,176 3,289 1,310 1,765 1,709 2,970 4,442 3,332 3,687 1,458 1,960 787 3,662 1,221 12,203 5,270 962 90 5,930 10 199 395 564 987 77 148 52 146 471 33 122 899 389 2,367 32'i 58 10 6,152 36 325 29 248 205 497 447 3,612 200 388 116 171 184 126 806 765 269 260 15 49 140 218 599 1,716 102 317 8,709 824 416 424 426 36 1,465 225 2,084 353 406 1,676 438 638 35 6,602 863 171 334 5,586 102 1,939 299 356 267 736 3,188 345 2,632 285 169 44 1,279 297 471 758 461 21 566 20 220 197 4 22 47 2 23 4 31 5 54 29 8 16 15 10 69 162 18 66' 8 5 7 MARION" 10 44- MlSHAWAKA ,90 220 2 49 110 684 262 2,075 1,290 44 1 MXJNCIE 5 Peext.. 7' 10 14 136 73 8- South Bend 16 20 ViNCENNES 35 Five industries only, in 1914 — agricultural imple- ments; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies; liquors, malt; printing and publishing; and tobacco manufactures — show a majority of the wage earners employed fewer than 54 hours a week, while but one — paper and wood pulp — shows a majority employed more than 60 hours. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 127,841, for the 29 cities in 1914, 124,034, or 97 per cent, were in establishments where the pre- vailing hours were 60 or fewer per week, while only 3,807 were in estabhshments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. In Logansport the proportion of 'v^age earners in estabhshments in which the prevailing hours were 48 and under was 57.8 per cent. The largest proportion in establishments reporting their prevailing hours as between 54 and 60 appears for New Castle, 85.9 per cent, a much greater proportion than that shown for any other city. Michigan City and Muncie have the largest proportions in the 60-hour group, 71.8 and 71.4 per cent, respectively. The greatest proportion in estabhshments reporting their prevailing hours as over 60, about one-sixth, is found for East Chicago. location of establislimeiits. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Indiana were centralized in cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Statistics for Gary are included with those for the sections of the state outside of such cities, so as to avoid disclosing indi- vidual operations. Table IZ Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OVER. DISTRICTS OF CITIES I A POPULAT 10,000 OR OV UTSIDE HAVING Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. ON OF- EE.l Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 29 24 19 938,773 802,265 564,681 3,464 2,970 2,334 127,841 114,036 78,097 $460,652,663 363, 570. 679 208,226,871 196,316,485 161,011,436 88,116,611 33.8 29.7 22.4 43.2 37.3 32.7 64.7 61.0 56.2 63.0 62.8 61.8 64.0 61.7 62.1 23 19 14 380,945 323,194 218,623 1,553 1,208 ■912 60,421 47.042 31,962 $160,818,821 141,957,001 86,218,946 72,440.839 60, 825', 652 31,181,888 13.7 12,0 8.7 19.4 16.2 12.8 26.5 26.2 23.0 22.0 24.5 25.6 23.6 24.9 22.0 6 ^ t 298,008 245,421 176,794 1,025 909 725 46,449 36, 258 25,160 $160,133,826 96,300,199 62,685,691 76,239,594 47, 909, 663 3,6,899,395 10.7 9.1 7.0 12.8 11.4 10.2 23.5 18.9 18.1 21.9 16.5 18.6 24.5 19.6 25.3 1 1 1 259,820 233,660 169,164 886 863 697 30,971 31, 736 20,986 $139,700,016 126,313,479 69,322,234 48,636,052 42,276,221 21,035,328 Population^ 2,779,467 2,700,876 2,516,462 8,022 7,969 7,128 197,503 186,984 139,017 $730,795,021 579,076,046 337,071,630 306,937,864 244,700,393 141,909.064 9.3 8.6 6.7 11.0 10.7 9.8 15.7 17.0 15.1 19.1 21.8 17.6 15.8 17.3 14.8 1,840,694 1,898,611 1,951,881 4,568 4,999 4,794 69,662 72,948 60,920 $270,142,358 215,504,367 128,844,759 110,621,379 93,688,857 53,792,453 66.2 Number of establishmfints 70.3 77.6 66.8 Average number of wage earners. . . 62.7 67.3 36.3 39.0 43.8 37.0 Value added by manufacture 37.2 38.2 36.0- 38.3 37.9' I Includes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Census estimate of population for 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 378 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. In accepting the statistics in this table, it must be remembered that some of the cities — Bloomington, Brazil, Crawfordsville, New Castle, and Shelbyville — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914 were included with those for the outside districts at prior censuses. The table shows that for 1914 the 29 cities, which represented 33.8 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 64.7 per cent of the average nmnber of wage earners, 64 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, and 63 per cent of the total value of products, but only 43.2 per cent of the total number of establislmaents. In 1914 there were in Indiana 23 cities with from 10,000 to 25,000 inhabitants, 5 with between 25,000 and 100,000, and 1 — Indianapolis — with more than 100,000. This city reported nearly one-fifth of the total value of products for the entire state. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 29 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904 is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had fewer than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. ^able 13 CITT.l AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. . 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 East Clucago 30,971 7,482 10,333 12,203 11,161 6,270 4,281 4,442 3,906 3,332 3,687 3,289 3,662 2,993 1,961 2,970 1,766 962 1,310 1,950 1,709 1,176 1,458 1,221 1,239 680 1,057 787 584 2 31,736 2 5,067 2 8,824 11,789 10,298 2 4,347 3,841 2 2,885 4,393 3,445 2 3,583 2,061 3,621 2 2,942 2 2,072 2 2,229 1,674 1,233 2 1, 225 26,726 ""7' 758 8,997 7,729 4,044 1,548 3,140 3,079 "2,' 855 1,917 2,970 2,265 1,779 2,219 "i'354 1,786 8139,700,016 41,623,788 31,426,707 31, 1797978 30,204,634 25,698,719 20,584,408 15,119,937 12,789,369 12,304,174 10,779,477 10,641,191 10,251,816 8,649,200 8,186,779 6,705,183 5,929,339 5,232,941 5,185,788 4,498,192 3,671,446 3,628,931 3,235,593 2,856,360 2,790,522 2,648,529 2,329,290 1,529,351 1,471,006 2 $126, 313, 479 2 23,868,801 2 22,289,004 27,854,627 ' 23,686,809 2 21,469,859 15,580,250 2 8,261,209 13,764,933 10, 882, 846 2 8,441,374 5,451,441 10,373,837 2 6,834,750 2 8,378,536 2 4,282,116 3,971,624 4,233,574 2 4,866,663 $82,227,960 18,091,140 South Bend 15, 179, 490 Fort Wayne Terre Haute Hammond 14,011,356 18,007,639 7,671,203 Michigan City 6,314,226 8,180,595 Mishawaka Muncie 5, 890, 750 3, 661, 105 ■R.lphTTinTirl 6, 731, 740 Elkhart 4,345,466 Elwood 6,111,083 Marinn 4,034,152 3,028, 685 Lafayette . 4,631,415 New Castle Logansport 2,169 766 2 1,851 1,720 1,492 2,240 4,201,369 1,915,682 2 3,323,282 2,956,921 4,626,443 3,834,608 JeflEersonville New Albany Shelbyville Huntington 1,376 1,311 2,227,558 2,081,019 Crawfordsville Bloomington Peru 619 912 1,097,166 1,342,877 Brazil 1 Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them m order to include data for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. The greatest relative gain in value of products shown by any city from 1909 to 1914, 95.2 per cent, appears for Kokomo. Next in order are Jeiierson- ville, Michigan City, and East Chicago, with 84.2, 83, and 74.4 per cent, respectively. The greatest abso- lute increase, $17,754,987, is shown for East Chicago. The city of Gary, which was incorp^rat5d_in_,1906 has, experienced a remarkable grow 'pprated m J 90 6, the location there of extensive steel works and roUing mills, but statistics for this,city can not be published without disclosing individual operations. Indianapohs contributed 19.1 per cent of the total value of manufactured products for the state in 1914. It shows for the five-year period 1909-1914 an increase of $13,386,537, or 10.6 per cent, in value of products and a slight decrease, 2.4 per cent, in number of wage earners. This city was the center of the slaugh- tering and meat-packing industry of the state, report- ing nearly three-fourths of the value of the entire output of this industry m Indiana for 1914. Among other important industries in Indianapolis may be mentioned automobiles, including bodies and parts; f oimdries and machine shops ; flour-mills and gristmills ; printing and pubUshing; saws; and copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. The manufacture of saws in the state is confined practically to Indianapolis. East Chicago held second place in manufacturing among the cities of the state in 1914, having displaced South Bend from this position since 1909. At the census of 1909 the statistics for East Chicago did not include figures for Grasselli and Indiana Harbor; therefore the city did not have the proper rank. In the tables in this report these two places are treated as parts of East Chicago for both 1914 and 1909. The increase of 74.4 per cent in the total value of the manufactures of this city between 1909 and 1914 was due principally to large increases in smelting and refining, lead; steel works and rolling, mills ; blast fur- naces; and the manufacture of chemicals. EvansviUe ranked third as a manufacturing city in 1914. The number of its wage earners and the value of its products increased 17.1 per cent and 41 per cent, respectively, from 1909 to 1914. The principal industries in this city are malt liquors, flour-mill and gristmiU products, furniture, carriages and wagons and materials, and slaughtering and meat packing. South Bend fell back from second to fourth place in manufacturing among the cities of the state be- tween 1909 and 1914, although the value of its manu- factured products increased by 11.9 per cent during this period. The industries of chief importance are the manufacture of carriages and wagons, agricultural implements, sewing-machine cases, men's shirts, and stoves and furnaces. Each of these industries had a value of products in excess of $1,000,000, but statis- tics for them can not be shown separately without disclosing individual operations. The city ranked first among the cities of the state in the manufacture of carriages and wagons, and the manufacture of sewing-machine cases in Indiana was practically con- fijxed to South Beijd. Fort Wayne, which held fourth place in 1909, ranked fifth in 1914, although the value of its manu- l[/u^rn^ff^^^^^ increased 27.5 per cent during 'n!M S^ySa^period. The most important industries MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 379 were foundries aad machine shops ; electrical machin- ery, apparatus and supplies; steam-railroad repair shops ; hosiery and knit goods ; breweries ; slaughtering and meat packing; bread and other bakery products; and soap. Terre Haute ranked sixth as a manufacturing city in 1914 as well as in 1909, the value of its manufactured products having increased by 19.7 per cent and the number of wage earners by 21.2 per cent during the five-year period. 'The importance of the city as a manufacturing center is due in considerable part to a large distillery located there. Other industries which reported products exceeding $1,000,000 in value were flour mills and gristmills; steam-railroad repair shops; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; breweries; men's clothing; foundries and machine shops; and slaughtering and meat packing. The leading industries in Hammond were dis- tilleries and the manufacture of steam-railroad oars, but its foundries and machine shops, food preparations not elsewhere specified, canning and preserving, and the manufacture of professional and scientific instru- ments were also important. The manufacture of steam-railroad cars was the principal industry of Michigan City and Jeffersonville. In Anderson steel works and roUing miUs and elec- trical machinery, apparatus, and suppHes 4ed in importance. There was only one establishment manufacturing rubber boots and shoes in Indiana in 1914. This estabhshment was located at Mishawaka and was the city's most important branch of manufacture. Glass, automobiles, including bodies and parts, and foundry and machine-shop products were the leading industries in Muncie. Kokomo had large automobile and glass interests. The manufacture of agricultural imple- ments was the chief industry in Richmond and La- porte. The repair shops of steam railroads represented the principal branch of manufacturing in Elkhart and Logansport. Elwood is important because of large steel works and rolling miUs. In Marion the manufac- ture of glass and of foimdry and machine-shop prod- ucts were the leading industries. In Vincennes the manufacture of distilled liquors led in importance ; in Lafayette, slaughtering and meat packing; in New Castle, the manufacture of automobile bodies and parts and of furniture I in New Albany, the tanning of leather; in ShelbyviEe and Bloomington, the manu- facture of furniture ; in Huntington, boots and shoes ; in CrawfordsviUe, wire; in Peru, automobile bodies and parts ; and in Brazil, canning and preserving. Mention may be made also of the factory at Jef- fersonville operated by the quartermaster's branch of the War Department engaged in the manufacture of clothing, etc. The reports of governmental estab- Mshments are not included in the general statistics of manufactures, but this factory gave employment to an average of 765 wage earners "in 1914, and products amounting to $529,884 were reported- Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. 'Table 14 Cen- sus- year. NTJMBEE OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEES. VALITE OF PEODUCTS. INDUSTEY AND OTY. Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Percent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Tudi- viduals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. AU industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 3,766 3,904 3,481 2,680 2,363 1,915 1,576 1,702 1,648 197,503 186,984 154,174 13,674 15,607 16,426 173,176 158,631 124,317 10,753 12,746 13,431 6.9 8.3 10.7 87.7 84.8 80.6 5.4 6.8 8.7 $730,795,021 579,075,046 393,954,405 $40,198,487 40,929,084 38,193,241 $653,169,994 496,670,090 317,481,228 $37,426,540 42,575,872 38,279,936 5.5 7.1 9.7 89.4 85.6 80.6 5.1 7.4 9.7 Agricultural implements. . 8 9 23 26 2 4 3,991 4,749 J 32 70 3,959 4,670 9 0.8 1.5 99.2 98.3 ' "6.'2 12,791,461 13,669,824 155,657 193,814 12,735,804 13,449,115 0.4 1.4 99.6 98.4 26,895 0.2 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 13 9 69 48 4 10 7,219 6,797 42 74 7,166 6,313 12 410 0.6 1.1 99.3 92.9 0.2 6.0 29,389,088 23,764,070 92,030 106,876 29,269,666 23,146,496 27,502 510,698 0.3 0.4 99.6 97.4 0.1 2.1 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 658 620 33 22 134 112 3,188 2,505 1,450 1,332 1,310 902 428 271 45.5 53.2 41.1 36.0 13.4 10.8 12,464,260 10,209,066 5,488,250 5,205,178 5,387,240 3,892,718 1,688,770 1,111,170 44.0 51.0 43.2 38.1 12.7 10.9 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 1914 1909 73 161 105 97 53 84 5,512 5,974 387 931 4,863 4,591 262 452 7.0 15.6 88.2 76.8 4.8 7.6 8,604,625 7,684,691 521,570 1,027,552 7,742,984 6,095,312 340,071 561,827 6.1 13.4 90.0 79.3 4.0 7.3 Butter, cheese, and con- densed mUk. 1914 1909 38 23 40 29 42 80 719 488 103 94 465 254 151 140 14.3 19.3 64.7 52.0 21.0 28.7 8,824,242 3,958,600 1,104,298 526,289 6,011,499 1,958,006 1,708,445 1,474,306 12.6 13.3 68.1 49.6 19.4 37.2 Canning and preserving. . . 1914 1909 34 22 85 95 22 17 4,422 3,406 631 245 3,540 3,001 351 160 12.0 7.2 80.1 88.1 7.a 4.7 13,866,383 8,758,343 2,232,592 589,496 10,854,527 7,788,796 779,264 380,051 16.1 6.7 78.3 88.9 5.6 4.3 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 94 94 64 80 35 47 7,306 8,867 401 487 6,657 8,019 248 361 5.5 5.5 91.1 90.4 3.4 4.1 21,668,651 21,655,440 714,956 843,635 20,274,995 19,937,693 578,700 874,212 3.3 3.9 94.0 92.1 2.7 4.0 Cars and general shop con- 1914 1909 49 34 m flftl 14,398 6/ Mk 100.0 SO .,2Q.685,579 +^27,646 20,585,579 17,127,546 100.0 100.0 by steam-railroad corn- Cars, steam-railroad, not 1914 1909 10 7 6,800 4,084 6,800 4,084 100.0 100.0 21,570,441 9,497,664 21,570,441 9,497,664 100.0 100.0 including operations of railroad companies. 380 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 14— Continued. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus- year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDUSTBT AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by— Percent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- viduals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Clothing, men's, includ- ing smrts. 1914 1909 8 13 27 26 6 4 5,260 .4,073 Ill 474 4,933 3,168 216 441 2.1 11.6 93.8 77.5 4.1 10.8 $8,856,936 8,028,798 $106,188 629,429 $8,274,496 6,578,374 $476,253 820,995 1.2 7.8 93,4 81.9 5.4 10.2 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 76 72 39 40 29 34 2,185 2,121 257 259 1,777 1,741 151 121 11.8 12.2 81.3 82.1 6.9 5.7 7,800,669 6,763,453 721,099 554,229 6,691,745 4,886,621 387,826 322,603 9.2 9.6 85.8 84.8 5.0 5.6 Electrical machinery, 1914 1909 4 4 35 33 2 5 4,075 3,073 122 6 4,053 3,041 ""26 0.5 0.2 99.6 99.0 "o.'i 8,879,178 7,717,642 1 51, 158 9,635 8,828,020 7,653,492 0.6 0.1 99.4 99.2 apparatus, and supplies. 64,515 6.' 7 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 218 249 124 125 170 189 2,281 2,298 412 523 1,416 1,259 453 516 18.1 22.8 62.1 54.8 19.9 22.5 37,488,223 40,641,422 4,542,764 6,860,136 27,284,751 26,969,293 6,660,708 7,721,994 12.1 16.9 72.8 64.1 16.1 19.0 Foimdry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 180 133 260 212 73 70 17,025 15,809 1,084 1,106 16,533 13,956 408 747 6.4 7.0 91.2 88.3 2.4 4.7 48,879,894 39,883,774 3,150,507 2,364,349 44,290,149 35,685,802 1,439,238 1,833,623 6.4 6.9 90.6 89.5 2.9 4.6 Gas, illuminating and 1914 1909 i 51 48 9 4 1,668 928 1,663 917 15 2 11 99.1 98.8 0.9 ,1.2 6,398,147 3,147,305 14,881,372 11,593,094 3,748,382 2 381 219 6,368,335 3,122,699 14,330,821 11 162,178 39, 812 2 24 606 99.4 99 2 0.6 heating. 8 Glass 1914 1909 3 3 37 41 1 9,390 9,544 1575 464 8,815 9,090 6.1 4.8 93.9 95.2 1550,551 430,916 3.7 3.7 96.3 96.3 1914 1909 11 5 2,338 1,933 11,106 12,255 2,338 1,933 100.0 100.0 3,748,382 2 381 219 100.0 100 Iron and steel, steel works 1914 1909 19 17 11,106 12, 255 100.0 100.0 68,882,S22 38,651 848 58,882,522 38 651 848 100.0 and rolling mills. Leather goods 1914 1909 102 61 25 24 35 33 1,061 1,240 289 281 660 812 122 147 27.2 22.7 61.3 65.5 11.6 11.9 3,521 184 3,405,671 852, 191 662,203 2,230,631 2,240,213 438,462 503,255 24.2 19.4 63.3 65.8 12 5 14. g Liquors, distilled 1914 1909 2 3 7 6 5 5 508 428 ""is 394 309 '114 104 "'i's 77.6 72.2 22.4 24.3 31,483,823 31,610,468 26,648,004 26,017,782 2 4,835,819 5,049,898 '"i'.i 84.6 82.3 15 4 542,788 16.0 1914 1909 3 6 24 26 5 5 2,207 1,694 ""59 2,089 1,480 2 118 55 "'3.'7 94.7 92.8 5.3 3.5 11,936,237 8,313,224 11,444,231 7,821,632 2 492,006 218,288 "3.3 95.9 94.1 4.1 273,304 2.6 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 476 704 205 210 232 363 7,641 10,317 2,050 3,130 3,844 4,593 1,747 2,594 26.8 30.3 60.3 44.5 22.9 -25.1 21,0.34,309 23,135,324 4,328,379 5,642,239 13,107,400 11,707,415 3,598,530 5,885,670 20.6 24.0 62.3 60.6 17.1 25.4 Marble and stone work. . . 1914 1909 83 102 49 49 47 49 3,389 3,283 247 331 3,011 2,691 131 261 7.3 10.1 88.8 82.0 3.9 8.0 6,656,617 6,766,247 748,976 833,214 5,466,165 4,154,825 451,476 768,208 11.3 14.6 82.0 72.2 6.8 13.3 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 60 49 69 46 27 18 864 801 99 79 627 699 138 23 11.5 9.9 72.6 87.3 16.0 2.9 5,739,545 4,344,358 577,126 629,926 3,831,597 3,587,027 1,330,823 127,405 10.1 14.6 66.8 82.6 23.2 2.9 1914 1909 610 546 223 166 189 181 6,140 6,756 1,836 1,973 3,682 3,818 622 965 29.9 29.2 60.0 56.6 10.1 14.3 17,116,746 14,366,376 4,504,686 3,593,194 10,852,802 8, 182, 617 1,759,258 2,580,565 26.3 26.0 63.4 57.0 10.3 18.0 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 21 22 23 21 24 18 4,484 4,423 111 142 4,228 4,158 146 123 2.5 3.2 94.3 94.0 3.2 2.8 61,066,774 47, 289, 469 1,321,420 1,647,241 47,376,495 43,556,544 2,368,859 2,085,684 2.6 3.5 92.8 92.1 4.6 4.4 Stoves and hot-air fur- 1914 1909 3 1 21 18 3 6 1,481 1,362 1,371 1,289 2 110 273 92.6 94.6 7.4 6.4 3,863,344 2,751,088 3,636,272 2,609,177 2 227,072 2 141,911 94.1 94.8 5.9 naces, except gas and oil stoves. 6.2 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 342 403 20 15 56 62 3,659 2,794 911 1,026 720 428 2,028 1,340 24.9 36.7 19.7 15.3 55.4 48.0 5,516,297 4,165,348 1,667,411 1,893,713 1,066,692 683,251 2,793,194 1,678,384 30.0 45.6 19.3 14.0 50.5 40.4 rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 6 9 18 18 6 4 964 689 8 25 913 617 43 47 0.8 3.6 94.7 89.6 4.5 6.8 3,731,517 3,161,083 17,537 112,928 3,481,896 2,846,263 232,084 201,902 0.5 3.6 93.3 90.0 6.2 6.4 Total for cities ' 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,388 1,544 532 127,841 6,256 115, 898 6,687 4.9 90.7 4.4 460,662,663 19,386,063 423,858,013 17,409,587 4.2 92.0 3.S 46 14 10 22 26 61 13 14 23 39 17 13 6 11 15 3,906 1,057 684 680 7,482 209 25 35 78 37 3,649 927 521 561 7,401 48 105 28 41 44 5.4 2.4 6.0 11.6 0.5 93.4 87.7 89.2 82.5 98.9 1.2 9.9 4.8 6.0 n.6 12,789,369 2,329,290 1,471,006 2,648,629 41,623,788 596,232 64,000 195,481 228,592 128,457 11,714,648 1,941,643 1,166,463 2,126,586 41,352,476 478,489 323,647 110,072 193,361 142,865 4.7 2.7 13.3 9.0 0.3 91.6 83.4 79.2 83.4 99.3 3.7 Bloomington 13.9 7.5 Crawfordsville 7.6 East Chicago 0.3 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 34 20 115 92 32 44 16 147 89 33 27 4 35 47 17 2,993 l,96i 10,335 11,161 4,281 1,239 30,97ll 1,176! 3,289 1,310 74 72 621 407 66 2,678 1,864 7,886 10,399 4,177 241 35 1,827 356 38 2.5 3.7 6.0 3.6 1.6 89.5 94.6 76.3 93.2 97.6 8.1 1.8 17.7 3.2 0.9 8,649,200 8,186,779 31,426,707 30,204,634 20,584,408 250,804 180,534 2,086,459 1,076,696 234,239 344,780 6,744,456 91,778 483,689 279,976 7,258,662 7,944,802 26,617,963 27,346,408 20,172,303 1,139,744 61,443 2,822,285 1,782,531 177, 866 2.9 2.2 6.6 3.6 83.9 97.0 84.4 90.5 98.0 13.2 Elwood 8 9.0 5.9 0.9 Huntington 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 17 318 20 33 28 21 450 16 33 44 12 118 5 12 12 75 2,113 34 140 92 949 27,614 1,114 3,112 1,156 216 1,244 28 37 63 6.1 6.8 2.9 4.3 7.0 76.6 89.2 94.7 94.6 88.2 17.4 4.0 2.4 1.1 4.8 2,790,522 139,700,016 3,528,931 10,641,191 5,185,788 2,057,504 128,619,933 3,369,998 9,965,989 4,769,767 388,238 4,335,627 77,155 201,613 146,066 12.4 4.8 2.6 4.5 5.4 73.7 92.1 96.2 93.6 91.8 13.9 3.1 JEFFERSONVILLE . . 2.2 KOKOMO 1.9 Lafayette 2.8 1914 1«14 1914 1914 1914 23 30 37 25 23 24 26 42 21 17 8 12 11 6 12 1,765 1,709 2,970 4,442 3,332 56 224 186 61 59 1,678 1,369 2,718 4,361 3,230 31 116 86 30 43 3.2 13.1 5.6 1.4 1.8 95.1 80.1 91.5 98.0 96.9 1.8 6.8 2.9 0.7 1.3 5,929,339 3,671,446 6,705,183 16,119,937 12,304,174 163,505 479,348 547,014 193,631 131,861 5,696,143 2,847,646 5,780,040 14,853,810 12,117,696 169, 691 344,462 378,129 72,496 54,617 2.8 13.1 8.2 1.3 1.1 94.4 77.6 86.2 98.2 98.5 2.9 9.4 Marion 5.6 0.5 MiSHAWAKA 0.4 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 46 56 16 12 63 50 30 14 11 51 17 16 4 11 14 3,687 1,458 1,950 787 3 662 180 237 69 63 161 3,401 1,146 1,871 489 3 417 106 75 10 236 94 4.9 16.3 3.6 8.0 4 1 92.2 78.6 96.9 62.1 93 3 2.9 5.1 0.5 29.9 2 6 10,779,477 3,235,593 4,498,192 1,529,351 10,261,816 2,856,360 31,179,978 25,698,719 p^^32,941 642,656 672,281 175, 710 126,544 587, 763 9,952,839 2,271,274 4,288,817 857,704 9,222,421 2, 544, 709 28,988,538 24,253,629 3,989,632 184,083 392,038 33,665 545,103 441 631 6.0 17.7 3.9 8.3 5.7 4.8 5.2 2.6 6.8 92.3 70.2 95.3 56.1 90.0 89.1 93.0 94.4 76.2 1.7 New Albany 12.1 0.7 35.6 4 3 Richmond... Shelbyville . . 1914 1914 1914 1914 13 121 70 38 29 99 77 23 6 30 24 10 1,221 12, 203 5,270 43 632 228 m 1,149 11,505 4,837 29 166 205 3.5 4.4 4.3 94.1 94.3 91.8 7Fd 2.4 1.4 3.9 ^'6 137,777 1,608,969 677,568 354,465 173,874 582,471 767,522 888,844 6 1 1.9 3.0 17.0 Teere Haute ViNCENNES 1 Includes the group ''all others." 2 Includes the group "individuals." > Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 381 This table shows, for all industries combined, an in- crease during the decade in the number of estabhsh- ments throughout the state under individual and corporate forms of ownership and a decrease in those under other forms. The most important distinction shown is that between corporate and noncorporate iorms of ownership . The proportions which the average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations represent of the respective totals have been greater at each successive census, and for 1914, although only one-third of the total number of estab- hshments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 89.4 per cent of the total value of products and 87.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. For both 1914 and 1909, with few exceptions, by far the largest proportions of the total value of products for each of the 29 industries for which separate statis- tics are given are shown for estabhshments under cor- porate ownership. This condition prevailed also, as regards all industries combined, in each of the 29 cities. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large estabhshments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Table 15 VALUE or PEODUCT. NUMBEK OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVEEAQE NUMBEE OP WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OF PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUKE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes . . - 8,022 7,969 7,044 197,503 186,984 154,174 8730,795,021 $579,075,046 $393, 954, 405 $306,937,864 $244, 700, 293 $173,447,398 Less than 15,000 3,014 2,413 1,610 862 123 3,086 2,400 1,627 764 92 2,631 2,162 1,575 631 45 3,601 10,621 29,001 83,473 70,807 4,335 11,806 30,944 83,346 56,553 4,076 12,081 32, 971 73,000 32, 046 7, 231, 163 24,825,063 73, 426, 668 229,471,474 395,840,653 7,339,368 24,495,478 73,582,168 200,978,938 272,679,094 6,477,789 21,935,754 70,354,847 160,211,644 134,974,371 4,458,865 13, 287, 058 33,780,667 102,624,022 152,807,252 4, 513, 557 13,033,825 33,797,243 92,184,974 101,170,694 4, 108, 476 i5,000 to $20,000 12, 190, 662 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 41,000,000 and over 32,958,855 72,691,498 51, 497, 907 PEE CENT DISTEIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 "Less than $5,000 37.6 30.1 20.1 10.7 1.5 38.7 30.1 20.4 9.6 1.2 37.4 30.7 22.4 9.0 0.6 1.8 5.4 14.7 42.3 35.9 2.3 6.3 16.5 44.6 30.2 2.6 7.8 21.4 . 47.3 20.8 1.0 3.4 10.0 31.4 54.2 1.3 4.2 12.7 34.7 47.1 1.6 5.6 17.9 40.7 34.3 1.5 4.3 11.0 33.4 49.8 1.8 5.3 13.8 37.7 41.3 2.4 •■$5,000 to $20,000 7.0 $20,000 to $100,000 19.0 4100,000 to $1,000,000 :$1,000,000 and over 41.9 29.7 For 1914, 123 establishments, or 1.5 per cent of the total in the state, each reported products exceeding $1,000,000 in value, as compared with 92, or 1.2 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 45, or six-tenths of 1 per cent for 1904. For 1914 these establishments re- ported 35.9 per cent of the total average number of "wage earners for the state, 54.2 per cent of the total value of products, and 49.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the :small establishments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 37.6 per cent •of the total nmnber of establishments, reported only 1 per cent of the total value of products. The great bulk of the manufacturing was • reported by estab- lishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. For these establishments the proportion of the total has shown an increase at each successive census, from 75 per cent in 1904 to 81.8 per cent in 1909 and 85.6 per cent in 1914. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 10 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for all industries combined. Table 16 NUMBEB OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVEEAGE NUMBEE ■WAGE EAENEES OF VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. IINDUSTEY AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Ageicultural implements 33 39 100.0 100.0 3.991 4,749 100.0 100.0 $12,791,461 •313,669,824 100.0 100.0 59,304,796 $8,806,009 100.0 100.0 7 3 10 10 3 86 9 7 11 7 6 67 21.2 9.1 30.3 30.3 9.1 100.0 23.1 17.9 28.2 17.9 12.8 100.0 8 20 154 1,148 2,661 7,219 13 33 195 678 3,830 6,797 0.2 0.6 3.9 28.8 66.7 100.0 0.3 0.7 4.1 14.3 80.6 100.0 19,617 24,820 384, 814 3,296,225 9,065,985 29,389,088 21,320 76,375 651 632 1,713,903 11,806,695 23,764,070 0.2 0.2 3.0 26.8 7". 9 100.0 0.2 0.6 4.0 12.6 82.7 100.0 11,679 16,641 206, 177 2,146,068 6,92,6,231 10,558,484 14,020 37,070 286, 861 1,026,123 7,441,935 8,769,201 0^1 0.2 2.2 23.1 74.4 100.0 0.2 45,000 to 520,000 . 0.4 $20,000 to $100,000 3.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 11.7 84.5 AuTOMOBiLEa, including BODIES AND PAETS 100.0 Less than $5 000 11 16 19 29 11 11 15 12 22 7 12.8 18.6 22.1 33.7 12,8 16.4 22.4 17.9 32.8 10.4 22 83 429 2,910 3,775 17 90 259 3,000 3,431 0.3 1.1 6.9 40.3 52.3 0.2 1.3 3.8 44.1 50.5 25,685 179, 157 891,175 10,071,511 18,221,560 24,175 158, 449 586, 874 8,122,893 14,871,679 0.1 0.6 3.0 34.3 62.0 0.1 0.7 2.5 34.2 62.6 14, 175 103, 221 417,014 3,856,696 6,167,378 13,604 78,164 307,119 3,490,491 4,879,833 0.1 1.0 3.9 36.5 68.4 0.2 $5,000 to $20,000 0.9 $20 000 to $100 000 3.5 $100 000 to $1 000 000 39.8 :$1,000,000 and over 55.6 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 382 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 16— Continued. nroUSTKY AMD VALUE OP PRODUCT. Beead and other eakebt products Less than S5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Canning and PKESERvrao. Less than $5,000 $.'),000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to .$1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Carriages and wagons AND materials Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Floue-mill and gristmill products I/ess than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Foundry and machine- shop PRODUCTS Less than $.5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Lumber and timber prod- ucts Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.i. Printing and publishing. . Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Slaughtering and meat packing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... number or establish- ments. 1914 333 394 83 15 193 512 82 184 197 40 513 146 144 128 86 913 419 276 166 52 922 277 124 32 754 340 331 68 15 134 67 162 279 47 415 86 128 115 79 7 1,277 648 351 225 53 282 109 21 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 40.4 47.8 10.1 1.8 100.0 19.9 29.8 33.3 14.2 2.8 100.0 32.1 32.6 19.2 14.0 2.1 100.0 16.0 35.9 38.5 7.8 1.8 100.0 28.5 28.1 24.9 16.8 1.8 100.0 45.9 30.2 18.2 5.7 100.0 53.0 30.0 13.4 3.5 100.0 4.4 14.7 33.8 35.3 11.8 45.1 43.9 9.0 2.0 100.0 17.2 44.8 25.4 11.2 1.5 100.0 29.4 30.8 20.8 17.6 1.4 100.0 11.9 28.8 49.6 8.3 1.4 100.0 50.7 27.5 17.6 4.2 100.0 53.8 31.6 12.2 2.4 100.0 1.6 9.8 37.7 42.6 8.2 AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. 1914 3,188 258 980 812 1,138 4,422 62 452 1,122 1,393 1,393 7,306 95 639 1,012 11,660 97 384 658 2,052 4,115 2,281 58 291 711 544 677 17,025 184 688 2,986 8,871 4,296 7,641 644 1,508 2,922 2,667 6,140 685 1,340 1,700 2,415 4,484 2 20 82 519 3,861 259 775 597 874 3,408 104 465 927 ,672 2,298 31 214 944 607 502 15,809 116 692 2,796 8,802 3,403 10,317 1,-179 2,165 4,112 2,861 6,766 715 1,579 2,034 2,428 4,423 3 10 118 649 3,746 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 8.1 30.7 25.5 35.7 100.0 1~4 10.2 25.4 31.5 31.5 100.0 1.3 5.3 9.0 28.1 56.3 100.0 2.5 12.8 31.2 23.8 29.7 100.0 1.1 4.0 17.6 52.1 25.2 100.0 10.3 30.9 23.8 34.9 100.0 2.8 18.8 29.7 48.7 100.0 1.2 5.2 10.5 41.4 41.7 100.0 1 3 9.3 41.1 26.4 21.8 J 00.0 0.7 4.4 17.7 55.7 21.5 100.0 8.4 19.7 38.2 33.6 100.0 11.2 21.8 27.7 100.0 0.4 1.8 11.6 86.1 11.4 21.0 39.9 27.7 100.0 10.6 23.4 30.1 35.9 100.0 0.2 2.7 12.4 84.7 $12,464,260 value OP PRODUCTS. 1914 $10,209,066 13,866,383 55,897 532,943 2,152,363 4.787,970 6,337,210 21,568,661 163, 146 641, 606 1,564,440 6,406,712 12, 792, 747 37,488,223 232, 683 2,290,653 8,251,693 10,563,361 16,149,833 48, 879, 894 359,521 1,532,737 6,292,157 22,698,969 17,998,510 21, 034, .309 926,463 2,740,279 7, 258, 241 10,110,326 17, 116, 746 1,206,613 2,689,869 4,979,680 8,240,684 51,065,774 8,477 109, 536 1,088,234 7,591,587 42,267,940 1909 1,053,081 3,017,626 2, 173, 942 3,964,418 8,758,343 67, 768 669, 181 1,673,166 6,448,229 21,665,440 202, 187 696, 905 2,008,965 9,615,«55 9, 131, 728 40,541,422 201,843 1,946,456 11,994,293 13,504,248 12,894,682 39, 883, 774 214,888 1,373,069 5,336,927 20,979,455 11,979,435 23,1.35,324 1,347,016 3,623,655 9,345,725 8,818,928 14,366,376 1,119,563 2,705,332 4,649,973 6,981,618 47,289,469 ' 78, 903 1,248,617 6,924,818 39,037,131 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 8.2 29.1 24.7 38.0 100.0 0.4 3.8 15.5 34.6 46.7 100.0 ~~a8 3.0 7.3 29.7 69.3 100.0 0.6 6.1 22.0 28.2 43.1 100.0 0.7 3.1 12.9 46.4 36.8 100.0 4.4 13.0 34.5 48.1 100.0 7.0 15.7 29.1 48.1 0.2 2.1 U.5 82.8 100.0 10.3 29.6 21.3 38.8 100.0 0.8 7.6 18.0 73.6 value added by manufactuee. 100.0 0.9 3.2 9.3 44.4 42.2 100.0 0.5 4.8 29.6 33.3 31.8 100.0 0.5 3.4 13.4 52.6 30.0 100.0 6.8 16.7 40.4 38.1 100.0 7.8 18.8 31.7 41.7 0.2 2.6 14.6 82.5 $6,230,372 $3,982,843 475,055 1,581,519 1,220,490 1,953,308 5,048,150 22, 827 142, 248 611,764 1,701,035 2, 570, 276 10,844,033 2, 813, 682 28,760 236, 920 617, 760 11,930,242 110,628 392, 284 708, 118 2,492,998 7,140,005 6, 247, 667 53, 790 642, 191 1,649,481 1,416,992 1,585,103 27,538,702 258, 627 957,241 3,441,089 12,145,390 10,736,355 9,433,006 690,266 1,561,566 3,314,526 3,976,668 12,098,041 951,936 2,066,574 3,544,633 5,534,898 4,770,333 1,707 28,830 187, 775 1,079,181 3,472,840 1909 9, 197, 717 129,216 426, 558 876,584 3,963,537 3, 801, 822 5, 539, 615 43,601 390, 571 2,160,086 1,543,938 1,401,419 21,265,086 145,000 863,154 3,069,995 11,091,790 6,095,147 10,752,996 8.31.088 1,894,074 4, 243, 833 3, 784, 001 10,331,836 876,237 2,059,337 3, 293, 792 4,102,470 5,303,495 2 21,884 217, 166 990, 717 4,073,728 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 9.1 30.2 23.3 37.3 100.0 "oT 2.8 12.1 33.7 50.9 100.0 1.0 3.6 6.5 23.0 65.8 100.0 1.0 10.3 31.4 27.0 30.2 100.0 0.9 3.5 12.5 44.1 39.0 100.0 16.4 35.1 42.2 100.0 7.9 17.1 29.3 45.8 100.0 0) 0.8 3.9 22.6 72.8 100.0' 11.2 31.2 19.1 38,5 100.0 To 8.4 22.0- 100.0- 1.4 4.6 9.5- 43.1 41.S 100.0 0.8 7.0- 39.0 27.9 25.3 lOO.O 0.7- 4.1 14.4 52.2; 28.7 100.0- 7.7 17.6- 39.5 35.2: 100.0- 8.5- 19.9 31.9 39. r 100. 0.4 4.1 18. r 76. » 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. > Includes the group "less than $5,000." This table shows, for 6 industries, increases between 1909 and 1914 in value of products of establishments having products under 120,000 iu value; for 5 indus- tries, increases for those having products from $20,000 to $100,000 in value; and for 9 industries, iacreases for those having products valued at $100,000 and over. The manufacture of agricultural implements shows a decrease in the last-named class. Except in the cases of three industries — bread and bakery prod- ucts, lumber and timber, and printing and publishing — the greater proportions of the wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture were re- ported for estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over in 1914. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 29 cities having more than 10,000' inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. In most of the cities the same general condition pre- vails as in the state as a whole, namely, a preponder- ance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentages of total value of products reported by estabhshments of this class, 98.5, 96.7, and 96, appear for East Chicago, Mishawaka, and Ham- mond, respectively; and the lowest, 55, is shown for Peru. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 383 Table 17 CITY AND VAllJE OF PEODUCT. Anbebson. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over... Bloomington.. Less than $5,000. $6,000 to $20,000.. $20,000 and over i BBAzn. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100.000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. East Chicago . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over . . . Elzhakt.. Less than $5,000.... $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2.. Elwood Less than $5,000.... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. , $100,000 and over 2.. EVANSVILLE I-ess than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. , $1,000,000 and over... FOKT Wayue. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over . . . Hammond . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over^. . Huntington Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. , Indianapolis Lers than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000..-.. $100,000 to $1,000,000. . $1,000,000 and over... Ckawfokdsville. . . Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. . Jettersonville Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 and over". KOKOMO . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. . $1,000,000 and over . . . o Q 114 21 7 15 10 105 297 50 210 243 259 147 27 tvage EARNEBS. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. 3.906 100.0 1.1 3.4 9.4 37.2 48.9 1,057 10 47 1,000 584 92 189 297 680 177 405 7,4 19 57 96 1,549 5,762 42 122 403 2,426 1,961 138 1,731 10,333 61 376 1,664 5,216 3,027 11, 161 48 272 928 3,921 5,992 4,281 21 49 216 1,662 2,333 1,239 83 216 917 30,971 184 1,054 4,310 13,788 11,636 1,176 19 66 1,101 21 72 304 1,591 1,301 100.0 0.9 4.4 94.6 100.0 1.0 15.8 32.4 60.9 100.0 1, 12.6 26.0 100.0 0.3 0.8 1.3 20.7 77.0 100.0 1.4 i-i 13.6 81.1 100.0 0.3 4.4 7.0 88.3 100.0 0.6 3.6 16.1 50. 29.3 100.0 0.4 2.4 36.1 63.7 100.0 0.5 1.1 5.0 38.8 54.5 100.0 1 6.7 17.4 74.0 100.0 0.6 3.4 .13.9 44.5 37.6 100.0 VALUE OF PBODUCTS. Amount. $12,789,369 342,211 1,281,515 3,730,801 7,350,222 2,329,290 27,311 107,820 2,194,169 1,471,006 11,067 177,629 373,034 909,286 2,548,629 29, 405 239,862 614,630 1,664,632 41,623,788 58,936 196,206 . 368,256 5.174,606 35,836,786 i, 649, 200 100.0 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.7 2.7 10.0 29.2 57.5 100.0 1.2 4.6 94.2 100.0 O.B 12.1 25.4 61, 100.0 1.2 9.4 24.1 65.3 100.0 0.1 0.5 0, 12.4 79,636, 0.9 330,900 3 1,003,204 11.6 7,236,561 83.7 8,186,779 100.0 16,073 209,665 305, 464 7,665,577 31,426,707 0.2 2.6 3, 93.6 100.0 169,978 843,620 3, 730, 138 12,7(5,261 13,907,810 30,204,634 163, 433 649, 475 2,262,293 10,935,406 16,194,027 20,584,408 2, 790, 522 38, 369 119, 287 574,866 2,058,010 139,700,016 543, 100 2,560,798 12,346,131 43,459,781 80,790,206 3,628,931 38, 714 129, 115 3,361,102 10, 641, 191 45,812 262, 721 858, 171 4,376,877 6,097,61f 0.5 2.7 11.9 40.7 44.3 100.0 0.6 2.2 7.6 36.2 53.6 lOO.O 0.3 0,9 2.8 16.9 79.1 100.0 1.4 4. 20.6 73.8 100.0 0.4 1.8 31.1 67.8 100.0 1.1 3.7 95.2 100.0 0.4 2.5 8.1 41.1 10^47.9 the VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUKB. Amount. $5,677,927 51,300 203,235 552,209 1,780,680 2,990,603 969,386 16, 797 61, 193 881,396 613,642 4,676 98,315 140,276 270,477 880,656 20,537 113,056 319, 852 427,210 13,039,527 33,208 94,252 160,299 2,400,434 10,361,334 4,267,663 48, 189 194, 171 479,663 3,546,640 2,497,582 8,918 117,694 134,623 2,236,547 13,015,271 102,621 468,692 1,891,963 5,267,672 5,294,623 16,056,790 100,099 372, 778 1,076,740 5,716,122 8,791,051 10,765,266 34,480 110,989 291, 777 1,903,334 8,414,685 1,250,906 26,293 80, 140 276, 185 869,287 48,636,052 377,234 1,639,895 6,646,348 19,168,674 20,804,001 1,322,739 22, 668 68, 141 1,231,940 4,563,143 Per cent of total. 0.9 31.9 63.6 1.8 6.3 91.9 100.0 0.9 19.1 27.3 52.7 100.0 2.3 12.8 36.3 48:5 100; 0.3 0.7 1.2 18.4 79.4 100.0 1.1 4.6 11.2 83.1 100.0 0.4 4.7 5.4 89.5 100.0 0.8 3.5 14.5 40.5 40.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.1 6.4 22.0 69.5 100.0 0.8 3.4 13.7 39.4 42.8 100.0 1.7 5.2 93.1 100.0 26,282 143,533 356,915 2,103,780 , a, 932, — CITY AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. Lafayette . Less than $6,000... $6,000 to $20,000 . . . $20,000 to $100,000 . $100,000 and over ». Lapokte Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2.. LOGANSPOET... Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2.. Maeion Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000..., $100,000 to $1,000,000.. Michigan City.., Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.-.. $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over K MiSHAWAKA... Less than $6,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over K MUNCIE. Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2.. New Albany.. IjCss than $5,000 , $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. New Castle.. Less than $6,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. Peeu. Less than $6,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. , Richmond Less than $5,000.... $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000-. $100,000 and over 2.. Shelbyville... Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. . South Bend Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. . $1,000,000 and over... Teeee Haute... IjCSS than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100.000 $100,000 to $1,000,000- . $1,000,000 and over... ViNCENNES Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 tmOOOandovsr?.^, 3 !zi 67 28 12 4 8 113 37 28 28 20 102 WARE EAENEES. Aver- age num- ber. 1,310 17 116 390 787 1,766 9 45 393 1,318 1,709 14 115 419 1,161 2,970 13 84 606 2,267 4,442 17 72 379 3,974 3,332 74 74 3,146 3,687 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.8 6.7 24.5 67.9 100.0 0.4 2.8 20. 76.3 100.0 0.4 1, 8.5 89.5 100.0 46 124 612 3,006 1,458 1.2 3.4 13.9 81.5 100.0 45 187 431 795 1,960 7 63 156 ,725 13 67 364 343 44 130 419 21 64 241 905 12,203 361 903 2,934 7,917 6,270 41 210 1,782 2,328 962 39 118 172 633 3.1 12.8 29.6 64.6 lOO.O 0.4 3.2 7.9 88.6 100.0 1 8.5 46.3 43.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 0. 4.0 17.2 33. 44.2 100.0 4.1 12.3 17.9 65.8 VALUE OF PBODUCTS. Amount. $5,186,788 3, 671, 440 23, 916 261, 765 1,086,606 2,360,160 6, 705, 183 62, 228 222, 124 1,307,924 6,122,907 15,119,937 37, 679 199,660 764,912 14,117,796 12,304,174 68,174 121,938 216,516 11,898,546 10, 779, 477 82,341 313,125 1,221,861 9, 162, 160 3,236,693 81, 477 368, 197 926,252 1,869,667 4,498,192 14,845 166, 371 326, 784 3,990,192 1,629,361 22,043 119, 146 646, 481 841,682 10.251,816 116,032 262, 724 1,147,065 8,725,994 2,856,360 41,117 111,108 652, 152 2,161,r- 31,179,978 171,469 841,065 2,143,664 8, 613, 660 19,410,230 25, 698, 719 109, 266 500,268 2,277,412 7,174,415 16,637,358 5,232,941 64,472 314, 960 499,670 4,363,839 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.8 6.2 24.2 100.0 0.7 6.9 28.2 64.3 100.0 0.8 3.3 19.6 76.4 100.0 0.2 1.3 5.1 93.4 0.6 1.0 1.8 96.7 100.0 0.8 2.9 11.3 85.0 100.0 2.6 11.1 28.6 57.8 100.0 0.3 3.7 7. 88.7 100.0 1.4 7. 35.7 55.0 100.0 1.1 2.6 11.2 86.1 100.0 19.3 75.3 0.5 2.7 6.9 27.6 62.3 100.0 0.4 1 27.9 60. 100.0 1 6.0 9.6 83.4 VALUE ADDED BY MANTJFACTUKE. Amount. .?2, 109, 223 24,032 183,258 645,934 1,265,^ — 3,521,169 17, 73,800 464,351 2,975,115 1,652,506 11,884 138, 937 491,008 1,010,677 3,144,305 33,900 115, 778 644, 899 2,349,728 4,915,1 23,902 114, 563 302,064 4, 474, 640 6,573,482 44,305 59,891 100,859 6,368,427 4,313,605 47, 793 171,-582 681,098 3,513,032 1,376,338 Per cent of 'total. 100. 1.1 • 8.7 30.6- 59.5 100. 0.5 2.1 12.9 84.5 100.0 0.7 8.4 29.7 61.2 100.0 1.1 3.7 20.5 74.7 100.0 0.5 2.3 6.1 91.0 100. 0.7 0.9 1.5 96.9 100. 1.1 4.0 13.5 81.4 100. 48, 441 207,075 402,286 717,637 2,651,409 6,676 80,872 170, 780 2,293,081 670,260 16, 927 69, 714 274, 886 309, 724 5,281,434 61,488 151,040 646, 264 4,522,652 1,181,417 23,239 58,520 226, 136 874,522 18,437,638 3.5 16.1 29.2 62.2: lOO.a 0.3 3.2 6.7 89.9 100.0 2.4 10.4 41.0 46.2 100.0 L2 2.9 10.3 85.6 100.0 2.0- 6.0 19.1 74.0 100.0 109,386 477,478 1,064,220 4,668,062 12,118,492 14,690,368 0.6 2.6 5.S 25.3 65.7 100. 70,848 312, 148 1,176,264 2,583,686 10,647,433 2,562,825 33,627 162, 397 265,228 2, 111, 673 0.5 2.1 8.0 17.6 71.8 100. 1.3 6.3 10. (> 82.4 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." 2 Includes the group "81,000,000 and over." ' Includes the groups "$100,000 to $1,000,000" and "$1,000,000 and over." 384 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 28 of the more important industries, and for each of the 29 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909 similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Considering the total for all industries, there were 850 establishments in operation during 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. These are small establishments in which the work is done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employ a few wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in com- puting the average number, as described in the "Ex- planation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the establishment. Printing and publishing, tobacco manufactures, and bread and other bakery products are the industries in which the largest num- ber of these small establishments were reported. Table 18 iiTdustey and city. All industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations oi railroad companies Cement Clothing, men's, including shirts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry amd machine-shop products Furnishing goods, men's Fumitui'e Gas. illuminating and heating Glass Hosiery and knit goods iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Liquors, malt •- Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work, Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities ' Andbkson Bloomington BEAzn. Ckawtokdsville East Chicago ElKHAET Elwood evansville FoET Wayne Hammond Huntington Indianapolis jEFyEESONVILLE KOKOMO Lafayette Lapoete Loganspoet Maeion Michigan City MiSH AWAKA MUNCIE New Albany New Castle - Peeu ElCHMOND Shelbyville South Bend •Teeee Haute VraCENNES Estab- lish- ments. Wage earn- ers (average number). 8,022 33 86 825 231 141 193 49 10 7 41 144 41 .512 613 27 197 60 41 11 19 32 913 179 15 24 922 68 418 2,270 3,464 114 40 30 56 105 39 297 60 886 40 78 84 55 67 90 62 52 113 102 33 34 118 48 250 171 71 197,503 3,991 7,219 3,188 5,512 4,422 7,306 14,398 5,800 2,354 6,260 2,185 4,075 2,281 17,025 2,036 10,803 1,668 9,390 2,338 11, 106 2,207 7,641 3,389 1,614 1,620 6,140 4,484 3,659 44,392 127,841 3,906 1,057 684 680 7,482 2,993 1,961 10,333 11, 161 4,281 1,239 30,971 1,176 3,289 1,310 1,765 1,709 2,970 4,442 3,332 3,687 1,458 1,950 787 3,662 1,221 12,203 5,270 962 No wage earners. establishments employing — Estab- lish- ments. 850 1 2 136 3 2 172 3 140 121 6 4 10 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. 4,357 20 596 111 32 5. 562 104 1 521 34 208 1,287 1,455 56 19 11 24 39 55 22 92 90 38 19 317 22 39 37 21 21 29 25 30 59 53 17 13 45 25 133 04 40 Wage earners. 9,694 12 57 1,187 282 82 2S0 12 244 32 873 562 2 73 62 16 1,178 226 2 1,276 87 406 3,615 129 49 30 118 64 252 210 75 42 803 67 89 113 42 64 79 58 57 135 138 47 35 119 52 341 173 111 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 33 10 57 109 7 225 19 2 2 179 14 51 28 7 12 15 7 16 5 66 51 15 19 223 6 14 19 X3 29 16 7 7 23 22 8 12 2.5 7 65 43 14 Wage earners. 15,732 131 232 742 526 739 575 62 30 91 366 105 604 1,260 47 220 70 20 107 2,526 197 27 27 1,832 168 505 4,275 8,774 277 54 106 169 75 167' 59 765 681 191 199 2,585 71 159 210 135 301 186 68 74 223 253 87 114 303 652 "481 160 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 638 13 54 63 6 3 2 1 12 70 21 4 10 33 7 12 182 370 13 2 1 3 4 15 4 42 22 2 7 106 4 9 11 7 4 12 7 5 13 5 5 plude&^Gfary, toja'Vjoid dissloBure of individual.. MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 385 Table 18 — Continued. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Bread and other bakery products ». . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials — Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies Cement Clothing, men's, includiqg shirts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Gas, illuminating and heatiog Glass Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steeVsteel works and rolling mills Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Musical instruments, pianos £tnd organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities 1. Anderson Bloomington Brazil CRAWI'ORDSVILLE . East Chicago Elkhart Elwood evansville . . . Fort Wayne. Hammond 51 to 100 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 358 Huntington Indianapous Jeffersonville . EOEOMO Lafayette Laporte loganspoet Marion. Michigan City.. MiSHAWAKA MUNCIE , New Albany. . New Castle. . , Peru ElCHMOND Shelbyville.. South Bend... Tebee Haute . Vdtcennes Wage earners. 25,091 67 1,126 264 1,547 436 386 95 397 172 358 242 a, 131 469 3,618 264 406 80 172 195 1,235 495 312 427 749 476 244 6,910 14,801 284 208 279 81 244 708 143 1,918 951 716 80 3,448 101 to 250 wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. 243 1 101 4 585 3 378 31 4,724 4 541 154 134 274 162 219 481 190 74 625 275 187 564 790 206 Wage earners. 36,536 2,063 695 1,638 442 1,191 1,552 474 315 640 2,586 278 2,099 422 610 127 619 791 762 289 340 23,177 159 120 124 234 1,825 378 474 1,898 1,692 361 362 6,184 128 1,010 375 633 195 1,430 341 102 579 261 207 331 1,337 225 823 1,113 276 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 83 55 Wage earners. 28,686 646 2,591 1,142 1,766 445 460 3,152 627 4,066 275 1,619 833 "262 438 317 254 5,520 19,517 1,635 408 324 366 906 1,770 1,646 323 7,466 931 381 418 266 344 361 1,250 253 Estab- lish- ments. 40 26,713 549 2,102 538 4,168 793 657 967 2,356 1,662 636 2,627 3,214 518 658 504 19, 148 967 554 2,369 765 747 1,608 717 3,985 788 629 549 815 Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 14 708 1,355 1,431 504 657 Wage earners. 1 Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 33,797 1,646 2,708 5,286 4,369 1,249 1,322 1,477 6,441 2,915 1,635 6,849 26,333 2,367 1,535 4,533 1,219 2,915 3,150 1,872 7,616 1,226 The comparatively small establishments stiU pre- dominate in the majority of the industries of the state. Of the 8,022 establishments reported for all indus- tries, 5,791, or 72.2 per cent, employed on the aver- age less than 21 wage earners during the year. On the other hand, while the small establishments pre- dominate in number, they gave employment to only 25, 326 wage earners, or 12.9 per cent of the total for aU establishments. There were only 385 establish- ments in the state that reported the emplojonent of more than 100 wage earners ®^ch, ikut -tb^ estah 82101°— 18- -25 lishments gave employment to 125,732, or 63.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners re- ported for aU establishments. These large establisb- ments are shown especially for steam-railroad repair shops, steel works and rolling mdls, and foundries and machine shops. Among the cities, the highest percentage of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each is shown for East Chicago, 93.2. Microsoft® 386 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 19 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements. . Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bread andotherbakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not in- cluding operations of railroad companies. Cement , Clothing, men's, including shirts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supphes. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating. . Glass Hosiery and knit goods Cen- sus year. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 4.9 5.3 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 37.2 42. 5.1 9.0 1 2.9 3.1 2.6 (') 0.2 0.2 11.2 10.0 0.8 0.8 38.3 42.5 3.3 2.6 t 0.1 2.5 0.7 0. 3.7 9.2 8.0 9.0 3.3 2.5 3.2 2.5 23.3 21.6 9.5 16.0 16.7 18.9 7.9 8.0 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.7 1 16.7 19.1 2.6 2.8 22.1 26.0 7.3 8.5 2.3 4.9 13.2 15.5 0.7 0.9 0.9 10. 11.0 5.9 9.4 13.8 17.7 13.6 21.4 30.5 10.4 9.9 2.5 0.9 0.8 7.8 11.3 9.2 5.4 6.0 7.3 12.5 13.5 10.9 13.5 17.2 15.0 20.5 17.5 12.5 21.3 1 0.3 2.7 1.4 0.5 12.7 12.8 1.7 S.8 15.6 4.4 12.5 2811 25. 18.5 22.2 6.0 11.5 2.7 0.5 1.6 2.4 7.5 10.7 7.9 6.5 17.4 10.6 8.1 18.4 15.7 23.0 50.0 33. 34.4 15.8 31.6 4. 4.5 3.4 1.5 1.5 18.5 19.5 25.0 7.4 28.6 27.2 21.8 9.8 29.7 17.7 10.0 11.0 16.3 17.5 10.8 15.0 8.2 4.9 13.4 21.6 10i3 32.0 4.6 20.2 14.4 15,6 16.6 9.9 27.7 30.5 26.6 7.8 23.9 29.2 16. 22.4 22.4 35.2 18.0 19.2 14.5 12.8 11.7 29.4 18.9 21.0 18.2 31.5 14.5 11.9 13.4 18.0 12.5 26.0 48.5 16.1 33.6 10.1 20.4 11.3 27.8 18.5 9.5 30, 19.8 43.3 41.0 11.8 14.6 3.3 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 13.6 14.6 13.8 11.0 29.1 17.9 7.4 7.7 28.9 40.2 38.1 54.8 15.1 33.7 30.1 38, 23.7 13.8 19.7 15 6.2 38.1 28.0 6.4 17.1 15.0 41.2 40.2 20.3 37.1 29.5 36.7 30.6 76.3 66.7 23.7 32.4 63.2 78.7 49.0 INDUSTRY AND aTY. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. . . Marble and stone work Musical instruments , pianos and organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total tor cities 2.. Anderson Bloomington Brazil Crawfordsville. . East Chicago Elkhart Elwood evansville Fort Wayne Hammond Huntington Indianapolis jeffersonville. . . KOKOMO Lafayette Laporte logansport Marion Michigan City MiSHAWAKA Muncie New Albany New Castle Peru Richmond Shelbyville , South Bend Terre Haute... VlNCENNES.... Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER Of WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 0.7 1.7 15.4 17.6 6.7 0.1 0.5 20.8 18.3 1.9 1.8 11.1 18.3 6.1 5.4 2.8 3.3 4.6 5.1 10.0 0.9 3.3 2.4 ,1 1 3.4 2.6 4.8 2.7 8.6 2.4 3.7 2.7 1.3 1.7 3.7 9.5 2.4 4.4 3.2 4.3 2.8 3.3 11.5 4.8 8.3 33.1 32.2 5.8 11.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 29, 27.8 13.8 20.1 7.1 5.1 18.2 24.9 1.0 5.6 3.0 7.4 5.2 4.5 16.1 8.3 6.0 4.8 16.0 7, 17.6 6.3 1.5 2.2 6.0 17.3 4.5 14.5 8.3 5, 5.3 9.1 16.6 18.6 25.6 29.0 29.6 19.7 21.8 2.8 23.1 19.9 17.6 16.4 5.2 4.3 10.2 13.8 13.7 13.0 9.8 11.8 6.8 7.7 18.8 1 17.8 5.5 14.0 6.3 1.7 18.8 11.6 11.2 10.2 25.8 13.8 6.7 13.9 4.9 5.4 11.6 11.7 9.1 15.2 10.1 17.4 5.9 10.9 21.7 8.8 8.0 16.2 16.4 14.6 20.1 19.3 17.3 26.4 52, 12.2 12.2 10.6 6.2 6.7 2.2 15.6 14.3 11.6 7.3 19.7 47.8 11.9 3.3 23.7 7.3 18.6 8.5 16.7 6.5 11.1 4.1 20.9 9.2 12.8 16.2 4.3 2.2 17.0 18.9 23.8 15.4 54.3 7.4 15.0 21.4 5.8 38.4 4.1 6.9 38.4 31.1 48.8 23.9 12.4 12.8 6.4 6.2 9.3 13.0 22.5 25.4 18.1 4.1 11.4 21.2 34.4 24.4 12.6 24.2 18.4 15.2 8.4 29.2 20.0 10.9 30.7 28.6 35.9 11.4 48.1 7.7 3.1 15.7 17.9 10.6 42.1 36.5 18.4 6.7 21.1 28, 37.7 18.0 7.4 12.9 15.2 7.1 7.1 7.6 6.9 12.4 14.8 15.3 41.9 5.5 10. 18.7 8.8 15.9 38.4 26.1 24.1 28.3 12.8 9.4 8.0 9.3 24.8 12.7 10.2 4.9 601 to 1,000 23.5 19.4 19.8 31.2 31.6 32.5 6.9 7.1 15.0 24.8 52.4 31.7 25.6 38.1 15.6 6.4 12.9 67.0 19.1 31.1 47 7 21.2 73.4 is.'i Over 1,000 65. 0- 69.0 42.0 13.2- 10. 31.6 14. 9> 40.6 28.5 70.9 56.2 61.6 23. S 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current) . It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by ciir- rent generated in the establishments reporting. Table 20 Primary power, total . Owned Steam engines and turbines ' Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors. , Rented Electric, other.... Electric Rented " Generated by estabhshments reporting. . NUMBER or ENGINES OR MOTORS. 1914 22, 717 5,782 4,468 1,132 182 16,935 16,935 27,489 16,935 10, 554 1909 12,399 6,630 5,197 1,195 238 6,769 5,769 1904 6,141 6,141 4,760 1,134 247 (.') 11,916 5,769 6,147 1,779 HORSEPOWER. Amount. 1914 607,100 430, 504 66,691 9,905 232,603 200,882 1,721 450,367 200,882 249,475 1909 633,377 566,125 449, 127 109, 105 7,893 67,252 65,548 1,704 233. 193 65:548 167,645 1904 380,758 369,709 338,853 21,171 9,685 11,049 9,082 1,967 33,582 9,082 24,500 Per cent distribution. - 1914 100.0 71.5 60.7 9.4 1.4 28.5 28.3 0.2 100.0 44.6 55.4 1909 1904 100.0 89.4 70.9 17.2 1.3 10.6 10.3 0.3 100.0 28.1 7L9 100.0' 97.1 89.0 5.6 2.5 2.0 2.4 0.5 100.0 27.0 73.0 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. ' Not reported. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 387 This table skows increases in primary power amount- ing to 86.4 per cent for the decade 1904-1914 and to 12.1 per cent for the fiTe-year period 1909-1914. For owned power there was an increase of 37.2 per cent during the decade but a decrease of 10.4 per cent during the later five-year period. On the other hand, increases of more than 1,700 per cent during the dec- ade and more than 200 per cent during the later five- year period are shown for rented power. Rented electric power (which now represents practically aU the rented power) constituted only 2.4 per cent of the total primary power in 1904, but in 1909 its pro- portion of the total had increased to 10.3 per cent and in 1914 to 28.3 per cent. The use of electric motors for the purpose of applymg power generated within the same estabhshments has also increased greatly, although not so rapidly as the use of rented electric power. The power of this class of motors represented 73 per cent of the total electric power in 1904 but only 55.4 per cent in 1914. 'The proportion which the power generated by steam engines and turbines forms of the total primary power has shown marked decreases from census to census — from 89 per cent in 1904 to 70.9 per cent in 1909 and to 60.7 per cent in 1914. The horsepower of internal-combustion engines shows a very great increase for the five-year period, 1904-1909, followed by a marked decrease during the next five-year period. The power of water wheels, turbines, and motors decreased somewhat between 1904 and 1909 but in- creased during the following five-year period. The proportion which this class of power represents of the total, however, is small, having been only 1.4 per cent in 1914. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of the fuel con- sumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. • Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. The greater part of the coke reported for "aU other industries" was used by two-blast furnace plants, which are not shown separately in any of the tables for this state. Table 21 INDUSTBY AND CITY. AU industries. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Bread and otber bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, ana other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials.. . Cars and general shop construction and repaurs by steam-railroad com- panies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations ol railroad companies. . . . Cement Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furulture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills Liquors, dfetilled Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products . Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp, j An- thra- cite (ions, 2,240 lbs.). 16,761 25 2 2,915 811 3 187 59 528 1,136 1,268 404 132 "'6 4 104 194 Bitu-. minous (tons, ■ 2,000 lbs.). 10,274,828 45,630 84,498 17,329 886,806 56,344 82,752 332,584 124,221 700,579 15,083 29,507 24,515 189, 101 199, 120 97,389 657,483 470,646 173, no 1,211,: 36,098 161,845 161, 191 55,783 89, 854 287,582 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, includ- ing easo- Ime (bar- rels). 1,172,542 10,486 850 16,442 10,952 10 2,966 2,155 11,453 268 472 184 6,000 624 47,355 530 22,903 2,020 5,000 13,654 592 1,130 "'i94 772,316 13,760 18,469 380 16,249 185 22,611 19,147 41,116 200 45 189 3,473 2,224 43,890 31S 152,170 121,744 109 162, 716 25,779 97 74 1,886 276 2,218 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 1,489,430 826 20,294 29,131 3,500 323 8,313 73 138 75,732 4,161 7,984 17,618 532,442 1,634 453, 770 32,778 57 2,842 6,739 639 19,550 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Total for cities'.. Andeeson Bloomington Brazil Crawtordsville . East Chicago Elkiiart Elwood evansville Fort Wayne Hammond HuNTDfGTON Indianapolis Jeffeksontille . KOKOMO Lafayette Lapoete logansport Marion Michigan City.. Mishawaka Muncie New Albany... New Castle Peru. ,. Richmond Shelbyville South Bend Tekre Haute . . . Vincennes -\n- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 7,629 6,743 3 256 1,711 141 21 1,801 4 101 22 81 32 10 742 9 183 967 18 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 17,409 56,856 149,972 4,060,142 3,964,638 1,017,258 204,133 112,690 14,542 36,000 37,865 940,456 59,236 102,640 190,942 140,012 105,016 21,436 ,080,088 19,277 116,921 55,048 30,402 44,321 71,055 100,228 48,744 75,327 41,435 30,338 13,412 35,140 11,804 104,948 249,202 76,113 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, includ. ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 144 148 122,032 483,901 954 822 352 1,931 105,455 1,665 332 5,833 8,782 5,400 661 18,129 ' 806 2,481 775 1,503 1,099 , 2,653 11,099 2,087 2/602 1,601 272 159 2,447 621 18,331 2,773 2,608 912 1,196 2,742 228 7 154,971 511 6,257 16,619 30,617 57, 705 287 35,242 8,503 21,662 1,267 2,178 1,312 12, 231 19,042 1,215 19,699 102 15,696 327 2,266 1,616 66,470 13,726 1,318 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 57,987 632 213,367 666,859 60,609 360 610 420 4,060 7,026 303 76,757 6,310 4,615 3,069 151,695 515 14, 617 2,144 346 1,381 35,351 329 396 242,326 90 13,631 199 4,860 2,651 22,552 6,178 3,659 ' Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 388 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quan- tities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for which no pro- vision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for 10 important industries in Indiana are here presented, and also statistics for power laundries. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. — The steel works and rolling mills of Indiana now represent its leading industry, from the standpoint of value of products; and in this industry Indiana occupied fourth place among the states in 1914, being outranked only by Pennsylvania, Ohio, and lUinois. In 1909 steel works and rolling mdls was foiirth in importance among the industries of the state, being outranked by slaughtering and meat packing, fiour-miU and grist- mill products, and foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. The state ranked fifth in the steel-works and roUing-miU industry in that year, the value of products reported for New York slightly exceeding that for Indiana. In 1904 it ranked sixth, in 1899 fifth, and in 1889 eighth. In 1914 the total products of the steel works and rolling miUs were valued at $58,883,000; in 1909, at $38,652,000; in 1904, at $16,920,000; in 1899, at $19,338,000; and in 1889, at $3,064,000. The ton- nage of finished roUed iron and steel was less in 1914, owing to the general industrial depression of that year, than in 1913 or 1912. Notwithstanding this depression, however, the tonnage of rolled, forged, and other classified products of steel and iron in 1914 exceeded that in 1909 by about 740,000 tons, or nearly 67 per cent, and the total value of products for the later year exceeded that for the earlier by approxi- mately $20,000,000, or more than 52 per cent. During the same period the number of wage earners employed in the industry decreased by 9.4 per cent. This increase in output, with the accompanying decrease in wage earners, gives some indication of the extent to which improvements in equipment and methods were made between 1909 and 1914. The output of the steel works and rolling miUs in roUed, forged, and other classified steel and iron prod- ucts in 1914 aggregated approximately 1,850,000 tons, the chief products, in order of tonnage, being merchant bars and rods, plates and sheets, rails, structiu"al shapes, and wire rods. The steel works consume direct the bulk of the pig- iron product of the state, more than 90 per cent of the iron smelted being consumed in steel works and rolHng miUs operated in conjunction with blast fur- naces. In like manner the tin-plate and terneplate industry of the state is affihated with the roUing mills, the black plates being rolled and coated in the same establishments. The following table gives comparative statistics for the alEhated iron and steel industries considered as a whole, blast fm-naces, steel works and roUing miUs, wire, and tin-plate and terneplate, for 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase for the several items. Statistics for the blast-furnace, wire, and tin-plate and terneplate industries in Indiana can not be given separately without disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments. Table ZZ Number of establishments Persons engaged Salaried employees _ Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of prod- ucts less cost of materials). lEON AND STEEI/— BLAST- FUENACES,STEEL WORKS AND KOLLnjG MaLS, WIRE, AND TIN PLATE AND TERNEPLATE. 1914 24 14,055 1,211 12,844 164,104 $109,414,838 12,960,678 1,959,667 11,001,011 64,773,509 80,890,322 26, 116, 813 1909 22 14,480 1,065 13,415 178,391 $73,685,009 10,308,543 1,269,641 9,038,902 38,795,352 53,377,693 14,582,341 Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. -2.9 13.7 -4.3 -8.0 48.5 25.7 54.3 21.7 41.2 51.5 79.1 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshm^nts only for the supplemental data. The foUowing table shows, for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kinds, numbers, and cost of animals slaugh- tered; the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compounds and substitutes; and the cost of all other materials, which include ice, con- tainers, curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, fuel, rent of power, miU supplies, and freight ; and the quantities and values of the various products manu- factured, with the exceptions of cured beef; canned goods; canned sausage; lard compounds and substi- tutes; oleo and other oils; soap stock; meat puddings, headcheese, scrapple, etc. ; oleomargarine ; hoofs, horns and homtips; glue; and goat, kid, and all other skins, which are included in all other products, to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. There was a rapid growth of the industry during the decade, as shown by the amount expended for materials, which increased $20,068,760, or 76.6 per cent, and the value of the products, which increased $21,668,944, or 73.8 per cent. Pork products, consisting of fresh and cured pork and lard, represented $31,948,160, or 62.6 per cent, of the total value of products in 1914; $31,159,753, or 66 per cent, in 1909; and $18,334,802, or 62.5 per cent, in 1904. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 389 Table 23 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $46,262,111 $41,939,279 $26,193,351 Animals slaughtered: Beeves- 200,180 $12,432,732 61,500 $767,011 66,689 $361,458 1,840,811 $29,461,678 $1,701,907 $1,537,325 $51,021,537 252,697 $10,702,274 60,578* $615,667 58,435 $276,043 1,751,454 $25,277,218 $672,154 $4,395,923 $47,230,243 178,678 $7,334,344 Cost Calves- 37,566 Cost $321,090 33,126 Sheep and lambs— Nnmhnr Cost $136,035 1,498,767 Hogs— Nnmhftr Cost $15,751,263 Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost 1 $1,516,834 All other materials, cost $1,133,785 PBODUCTS. Totalvalue $29,352,593 Fresh meat: Beef- 91,435,251 $10,532,894 5,345,353 $731,375 2,634,954 $342,778 93,434,549 $11,549,830 124,924,957 $15,495,892 15,895,177 $1,915,995 46,374,440 $4,902,438 5,616,093 $425,818 633,157 $129,462 8,501 $204,707 200,180 10,306,224 $1,834,156 56,850 699, 842 $138,978 66,541 $72,017 $2,745,197 119,a85;578 $9,530,214 5,505,181 $603,540 2,310,824 $230,509 79,377,563 $8,974,150 148,474,672 $17,242,240 15,754,885 $1,602,914 46,901,294 $4,943,363 5,320,977 $472,624 7,389 $160,316 502,076 14,209,481 $1,847,702 58,367 $71,092 $1,551,579 93,224,422 $6,743,908 3,178,656 Value. Veal- Pounds Value $292, 192 Mutton and lamb- 1,477,056 $130, 866 Value... Pork- Pounds 27,391,374 $1,993,947 165,587,061 Value Pork, pickled and other cured: Pounds Value $13,232,630 15,393,879 Sausage: Pounds Value $1,172,308 Lard; Pounds 43,809,750 Value $3,108,225 Tallow, oleo stock, and stearin: Pounds , Value Sausage casings: W Value (») Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons . . , .. 11,874 Value $193,022 Hides and pelts: Cattle— Nmnhpr .... Value 198,413 Calf— 11,428,871 $1,060,279 Pounds Value She«n— 31,402 Value . . $27,844 All other products, value . . $1,397,372 ' Includes cost of all other animals. 2 Not reported separately. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 24 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for the last three census years. In 1914 wheat flour represented 56.5 per cent of the total value of products; bran and middlings, 10 per cent; feed, 12.5 per cent; hominy and grits, 12.3 per cent; and corn meal, 8.1 per cent. The production of wheat flour has declined from census to census since 1899, the decrease in quantity between 1909 and 1914 amounting to 5.6 per cent. During the same period the output of corn meal in- creased by 15.1 per cent, and of hominy and grits by 13.8 per cent. The total value of products de- creased by 7.5 per cent during the period 1909-1914, but for the ten-year period a gain of 2.8 per cent is shown. The equipment reported for 1914 comprised 2,463 stands of rolls, 254 runs of stone, and 364 attrition mills. Thirteen establishments manufactured barrels. Table 24 1914 1909 1904 $37,488,223 $40,541,422 $36,473,543 Wheat flour: Barrels .. 4,526,879 $21,183,688 6,414 $30,385 818,423 $25,175 984,239 $3,030,308 292,131,101 $4,620,892 531,760 $16,020 167,460 $3,730,324 170,167 $4,682,497 $2,975 $165,959 4,794,847 $25,315,671 1,770 $7,027 1,446,534 $36,480 855,409 $2,483,265 256,678,796 $3,758,367 5,181,906 Value $25,282,880 Rye flour: 8,416 Value . $30,799 Buckwheat flour: PminH.air furnaces and ranges. 456 334 18,514 15,473 1 Includas "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewherespeci- fied;" "pumps, steam;" "steam fittings, and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 2 Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." .„,,.,, ^ 3 Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected -with sawmills;" and "window and door screens." < Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 5 Excludes statistics for one estabUshment, to avoid disclosure of Indi-vidual operations. 6 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making," and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." ' Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "hardware;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." « Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only tor those estabUshments located within the corporate limits of the city. „ . , ... .,, , 9 Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including plamng mills connected with sawmills." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 36.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 397 DroUSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. . Expressed in thousands. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS i— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED. Anderson East Chicago . . Elkhabt Elwood Hammond Huntington Jeffeesonvili.e. KOKOMO 1 Lafayette Lapobte 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 114 116 102 79 2 32 105 2 68 68 2 36 32 49 38 60 33 36 40 35 33 78 72 61 84 2 65 80 55 41 3,906 4,393 3,079 7,482 5,067 2,993 2,942 2,265 1,961 2.072 1,779 4,281 3,841 1,648 1.239 i;376 1,311 1,176 766 1,492 3,289 2,051 1,917 1,310 1,225 1,786 1,766 1,674 16, 669 12,981 44,676 38,363 6,952 4,473 6,617 6,122 9, 825 7,348 2,440 1,400 3,521 3,422 12, 178 3,955 3, 9.32 3,149 4,976 3,373 $2,425 2,104 1,531 6,384 3,317 1,909 1,607 1,037 1,478 1,399 1,011 2,669 1,861 879 631 623 606 825 437 816 2,149 1,075 966 795 629 834 1,160 796 $7,211 8,127 4,860 28,584 17,768 4,382 2,945 2,016 5,689 6,226 4,396 9,829 6,661 2,545 1,540 1,130 1,096 2,206 1,083 2,827 6,078 2,982 1,694 3,077 3,085 2,703 2,408 1,813 812, 789 13, 765 8,181 41,624 23,869 8,649 6,835 4,345 8,187 8,379 6,111 20,684 15, 680 7,671 2,791 2,228 2,081 3,529 1,916 4,626 10,641 5, 451 3,651 5,186 4,867 4,631 6,929 3,972 Loganspoet. Marion. Michigan City. Mishawaka MUNCIE New Albany. Peru. . Richmond . Vincennes. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 62 2 47 52 52 42 113 2 100 97 102 294 93 34 31 43 118 107 98 71 84 62 1,709 2,169 1,720 2,970 2,229 2,219 4,442 2,885 3,140 3,332 3,445 3,687 3, 683 2,866 1,458 1, 851 2,240 787 619 912 3,662 3,621 2,970 962 1,233 1,354 2,454 2,338 6,172 6,106 7,889 5,835 8, 255 7,610 7,406 6,420 4,462 3,779 1,819 2,013 5,707 5,087 4,120 6,044 $1, no 1,237 859 1,695 1,174 1,129 2,593 1,261 1,453 1,898 1,748 2,376 1,913 1,400 672 697 996 377 276 383 2,316 1,834 1,381 601 669 600 $2,019 1,982 1,661 3,661 2,248 1,738 10, 205 6,342 3,980 5,731 5,270 4,688 3,320 1,860 1,774 2,041 859 482 625 4,970 5, 118 3,001 2,670 2,416 1,741 $3,671 4,201 2,956 6,706 4,282 4,034 15,120 8,261 6,314 12, 304 10,883 10, 779 8,441 5,891 ,3,236 3,323 3,835 1,529 1,097 1,343 10, 252 10, 374 6,732 5,233 4,234 3,029 • Excludes Gary, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 398 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDHSTRY. 1 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofa- cers, su- perin- teud- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. ■ Fe- male. Aver- age niun- ber. Number, 16tb day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimimi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agricultural implements Artifleial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts. Automobiles Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Baking powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes. Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Sewer pipe and draintile Fire brick, stove lining, and tile, other than draintile. Architectural and fireproofing terra cotta. All other Brooms, from broom com Butter Buttons Canning, vegetables and Iruits. Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials. . . Carriages and sleds, children's . . Carriages, wagons, and repairs. . Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repans by steam-railroad com- Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Cement Clean-^iing and polishing preparations . Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Clothing, men's Men's and youths' Contract work, men's and youths' . Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, cloaks, etc Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. All other Coffee, roasting and grinding Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels Another Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work . . . Cotton goods Cutlery and edge tools, axes, augers, etc. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and api- arists' supplies. Druggists' preparations 33 3 335 48 38 70 63 7 16 7 10 17 6 17 31 21 825 6 819 218 78 118 10 48 111 12 119 20 40 5 153 138 15 32 49 10 7 13 5 8 31 27 4 19 4 6 191 76 115 34 25 9 133 4 6 17 233, 270 7,229 7, .580 4,775 7 1,317 3,182 5,396 321 299 22 201 94 584 157 78 900 671 613 4,708 867 3,841 6,275 1,947 2,103 833 333 59 422 962 309 3,502 88 1,496 681 7,023 6,975 48 817 15,410 6,294 2,845 120 37 83 2,914 2,790 124 1,142 103 681 458 209 766 1,838 1,254 584 447 363 84 1,074 990 264 179 917i 12 1 417 18 - 5 82 69 13 15 5 6 14 939 187 65 120 10 55 81 19 74 24 20 3 163 134 19 15,365 5,593 197,503 22 138 132 1 76 85 172 15 14 1 18 4 19 14 4 68 32 22 113 27 86 220 20 47 13 138 137 1 ■216 106 45 615 1 24 186 581 5 5 58- 15 324 122 202 143 40 57 38 7 37 29 613 613 362 362 24 11 13 93 93 188 170 18 14 14 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented pow^ other tl 52 11 5 2 ilS 144 33 111 36 11 11 12 9 93 1 40 1 27 19 178 178 3,991 3 783 2,817 4,402 211 203 8 142 63 542 110 360 70 739 592 562 3,188 686 2,503 4,689 1,747 1,829 754 313 46 324 664 284 3,198 56 1,365 617 5,941 5,913 28 753 14, 398 2,354 62 12 40 2,667 2,647 120 1,015 83 512 420 111 633 63 1,277 905 372 384 310 74 759 961 Se 206,040 De 176,939 Fe Au My My 5,095 3 1,099 3,112 5,278 Jy6 Je Jes Au Ap Fe 249 11 214 65 670 117 444 No 6 73 Oc 817 My 641 Mh 662 Jy 752 Au 2, 586 Je 2,259 Jy 2,168 Je 842 Je Ja Au Fe Se My 395 81 346 742 378 9,933 73 Aps 1,640 My 638 Au Jyii Ja 6,451 33 813 Se 14, 891 Ja 7, 190 Au 2,636 De My s No 2,982 0) 3 Ja 363 Ja 2,479 De 3,403 Ja Ja Ja6 Oo Ja Des 101 61 375 104 My 260 Ja Jy Oc De 63 666 479 466 Ja 579 Ja 2,399 Fe 1,009 Fe 1, 479 Ja 648 De 171 Fe Jy 5 Ja Au 7 306 684 190 Fe 908 Ja 36 Oc 1, 162 Oc 368 No 4,606 Ja 19 No 686 Je 13,787 De 3, 820 De 1,904 (") Ap 2, 673 Ja 145 My Mh Fe Ses Ja 107 549 115 656 No Jy 1,035 522 Fe Mh Au Ja Mh Fe 868 1,063 280 Ja5 Au No 2,380 Se 91 Oc Au = My De 64 463 107 586 63 Jy Fe 792 262 De Fe Oc De Au iDe 212 57 665 873 219 113 429 4,125 3 1,011 2,994 4,636 210 201 9 151 62 535 108 383 68 790 639 497 3,230 676 2,554 5,405 2,131 2,100 785 313 76 350 642 368 8,764 57 1,376 524 5,860 5,8.34 26 725 14, 161 6,601 2,330 50 15 35 2,646 2,528 118 913 76 479 369 109 627 63 1,401 1,016 385 421 345 76 731 1,028 219 146 602 (.') 26 376 624 495 2,629 432 2,197 5,230 2,117 2,089 636 312 76 295 591 309 3,848 42 1,356 460 5,706 5,680 26 722 6,592 2,326 24 7 17 506 468 88 60 5 32 23 63 466 58 745 388 357 419 343 76 725 425 215 117 266 w 81 28 154 38 124 40 381 672 235 337 160 149 47 50 49 4,731 15 13 52 152 162 10 4 25 8 17 2,135 2,055 80 844 70 447 327 42 161 633 608 26 (.') 533 4 234 63 (») 14 $668,863,232 52 19,660,849 2,869 1,597,563 7,166,069 14,931,934 334,989 324,061 10,928 281,616 163,163 465,909 256,609 1,093,620 55,573 1,458,060 912,765 1,181,163 7, 402, 862 1,573,264 5,829,598 12,642,691 4,270,519 4,929,989 2,238,128 1,134,440 69,615 645,617 1,573,486 115,461 4, 777, 700 41, 196 3,380,389 1,573,667 36,979,939 36,923,733 66,206 1,219,204 11,100,025 26,291,069 10,064,452 173,146 41, 739 131,407 684,209 660,559 23,650 700,822 102,469 300,117 298,236 940,919 1,606,605 287,999 2,279,009 1,394,041 884,968 781, 829 667,325 114,504 1,360,963 1,696,840 384,784 249,598 3,685,436 nghrefgiVen for reasons stated under " Explanatim) ol terms." MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 399 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total.- Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $15,923,162 $20,673,335 $119,258,329 $1,949,324 $3,004,172 $30,328,104 $391,162,386 $32,694,771 $730,795,021 $306,937,864 709,703 430,504 412 9,905 200,882 249,475 423,778 1,200 74,316 172,272 499,875 16,400 15,620 780 28,524 5,135 28,062 20,055 30,998 4,152 94,410 66,872 99,981 177, 124 53,297 123,827 327,795 122,059 46,621 15,913 4,000 38,823 74,003 4,410 144,921 88,781 47,590 407,602 406,562 1,040 43,013 318,096 273>805 143,696 20,973 5,400 15,573 137,910 137,910 63,382 S,510 35,015 22,867 41,124 63,500 12,900 115,331 76,954 38,377 42,538 38,513 4,025 98,258 32,420 17,800 11,920 190,200 811,006 844 26,580 249, 773 905,619 6,064 6,064 14,295 29,527 18,268 17, 199 55, 150 520 70,643 16,205 15,408 361,333 148,487 212,846 172,692 42,040 65, 767 54,688 9,237 960 14,302 107,463 509 81,945 6,102 53,780 80,876 791,780 791, 780 32, 181 740,034 409,816 487,837 28,522 11,767 16, 755 134,297 134,297 82, 779 15,404 51,633 15,742 S2,378 77,796 7,204 232,756 208,746 24, 010 14, 259 13, 195 1,064 73,598 16,342 4,714 2,655,757 1,400 424,209 1,879,832 3,147,044 143, 766 139,406 4,360 67,410 32,468 184, 725 62,439 184,033 23,460 322,304 268,066 420,625 1,936,305 302,358 1,633,947 2,646,811 1,065,982 995,470- 363,291 194,686 27,382 130,942 406,800 106, 167 992,911 20, 816 733,941 276, 509 3,651,898 3, 635, 706 16, 192 482, 179 10,112,667 .1,354,564 16,928 6,299 9,629 1,177,248 1, 138, 792 38,456 329,022 35,858 176,117 117,047 56,417 317,290 43,948 558,706 330,909 227,797 197,447 159,394 38,053 515,992 364,607 126,454 1,570 9,501 "i7,"974' 712 637 175 500 124 2,000 50 6,844 36,666 32, 978 3,223 465 2,940 696 10,916 38,610 37,093 17,329 15,424 1,905 6,883 3,421 890 8,113 240 1,560 16,077 8,986 5,697 141,308 10, 141 131, 167 3,653 2,342 711 100 42,536 1,290 20 4,483 1,026 1,026 500 1,741 14,187 1,597 2,061 2,937 3,749 16,732 15,754 978 1,950 220 115 115 26,024 26,024 2,700 617 1,065,483 7,884 3,699 4, 185 64, 160 62, 540 1,620 20, 799 3,632 9,916 7,201 9,602 2,140 4,404 4,404 3,061 3,061 100,279 66,273 34,006 896 784 112 7,326 148,141 32 9,769 30,970 95,008 . 2,421 2,312 109 2,160 1,174 2,220 2,180 6,978 11,670 6,515 7,704 56,588 10, 113 46,475 57,658 21, 869 22, 614 8,161 4,561 653 3,771 12, 758 692 27,206 549 26,047 3,571 159, 323 168, 868 455 7,165 46,496 109, 610 65,870 1,714 581 1,133 16,392 16,853 539 4,-088 411 2,270 1,407 4,744 11,174 16,468 9,613 6,855 6,710 4,911 11,794 16, 476 4,102 87,570 231,147 'Same number reported 22,579 """336 50 8,954 throughout tll6 year. 3,300,739 4,049 650, 134 2,321,093 16,234,770 146,034 127, 137 18,897 296,686 117, 710 161,433 287,314 765,256 35,217 917,241 711, 108 775,914 6,983,494 1,439,332 6,644,162 1, 133, 724 335, 762 382,587 351,314 61, 130 2,941 448,009 6,606,115 90,509 5,792,668 7,415 1,781,112 568,456 8,665,876 8,653,603 12,373 307, 126 8,897,410 13,266,004 2,976,119 156,380 32, 774 123, 606 3,200,388 3,176,873 23, 515 769,376 101, 199 347,267 310,910 1,4.52,613 719,343 732,207 2,770,160 1,726,853 1,043,297 989, 177 795,986 193,191 1,870,343 1,093,098 79,347 185,926 24 17,451 125,021 149, 720 8,195 7,588 607 2,204 1,404 5,301 2,470 10, 824 1,850 21, 136 9,965 26,322 250,394 33,800 216, 694 1, 182, 774 523,497 454,921 110,483 86, 199 7,674 6,306 66; 614 4,451 76, 456 1,435 58,961 20,825 218, 669 218,034 636 4,279 486,039 445,087 1,017,924 2,032 328 1,704 21,413 20,204 1,209 6,134 856 2,479 2,799 8,456 19,022 17, 807 74,608 33,929 40,679 15,232 14,048 1,184 13,552 40,462 16,365 1,8 lfl3,980 'by 7,411 12,791,461 21, 979 1, 754, 766 5,750,588 23,638,500 456, 747 414,817 41,930 606,829 228,911 622,038 468,572 1,277,895 97,920 1,704,866 1,247,481 1,660,897 12,464,260 2,444,818 10,019,442 7,217,720 2, 607, 758 3,020,196 1,184,271 452,013 63,482 749, 700 7,904,719 234,013 8,376,249 62,293 3,247,781 1,239,100 18,320,870 18,269,547 51,323 875,933 20,585,579 21,570,441 10, 106, 700 352, 190 106, 832 246,358 6,369,015 5,292,401 76,614 1, 453, 763 199,029 752,745 601, 979 1,789,801 1,538,933 909, 187 4,633,575 2,851,393 1, 782, 182 1,422,611 1,150,063 ' 272,548 3,058,659 1,-796,581 245,968 333,829 9, 304, 796 17,906 1,087,181 3,304,474 7,264,010 302, 518 280,092 22,428 208,039 109, 797 355,304 168, 788 501,816 60, 853 766,488 626,408 758,661 5,230,372 971,686 4,258,686 4,901,222 1,648,509 2,182,888 722,474 304,684 42, 867 295, 385 1,231,990 139,053 2,507,226 53,443 1,407,708 649, 819 9,436,325 9,398,010 38,316 584, 528 11,203,130 7,869,370 5,113,657 193,778 73, 730 120,048 2,147,214 2,095,324 51,890 688,243 96,974 402,999 188,270 328, 732 800, 568 159, 173 1,788,817 1,090,611 698,206 418,202 340,029 78, 173 1, 174, 764 663,021 150,256 10, 892 2 1,308 4,676 7,461 352 329 23 77 109 893 145 423 109 789 ,1,756 1,166 3,794 685 3,109 28, 643 10,224 14,823 1,676 1,560 461 290 2,443 164 5,663 101 5,584 472 9,673 9,631 42 18,021 13, 171 43,048 101 17 84 712 688 24 193 15 91 87 419 1,254 644 2,514 1,022 1,492 1,186 1,021 165 482 4,015 635 7,820 1,615 350 1,790 3,916 75 862 26 60 146 1,354 20 395 194 22, 172 9,921 1,350 1,560 461 128 1,416 66 4,869 26 3,161 160 5,297 5,297 20 15,088 10, 775 14,.955 85 905 450 1,200 716 484 1,110 990 120 2 4,015 525 542 538 417 15 24 782 324 324 429 185 244 64 20 90 20 124 311 301 10 20 132,438 192 ^922,193 552 446 Same number reported for one or more other months. 1,416 2 396 2,348 3,128 249 244 5 75 32 30 145 49 629 378 364 2,880 290 2,690 6,042 1,159 4,658 225 7,198 126 963 704 66 2,299 312 4,065 4,033 32 378 2,396 28,023 91 17 -74 618 607 11 193 15 91 87 334 309 1,227 292 936 76 ■31 45 446 110 116 104 1,242 1,993 18 4 111 1,045 576 355 107 1,339 1,339 9,674 12, 827 6,266 22 5 166 125 40 1,571 400 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37,— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDT7STEY. Num- ber o£ estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNBBS— NUMBEB DEC. 16, OK NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age niftn- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines,, steam, gas, and water Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Cereals and table foods, meat products, and sirups. Other preparations for human consumption. For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundriei! Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, including rattan and willow. Metal Store and office fixtures Gas and electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Glue, not elsewhere specified Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Soap stock Tallow All other Hand stamps Hardware Locks, hinges, and other build- ers' hardware. All other Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills. . Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Jewelry , Lamps Leather goods,not elsewhere specified. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime Liquors, distilled , Alcohol (including p ure, neutral, or cologne spirits). Whisky Fruit brandies Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing nmls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats, and hat frames. Mineral and soda waters , Mirrors, framed and unframed , Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste J Owned power only. 15 21 14 512 37 16 15 6 348 9 51 7 27 197 167 106 19 11 5 3 10 6 14 4 5 5 32 7 632 240 179 24 3 123 7 1,482 263 3,460 304 67 123 124 14,598 509 3,465 10,634 29 2,148 11,976 10,682 362 931 308 2,228 405 9,804 243 194 87 177 28 20 129 52 136 34 102 2,590 13 1,223 12,152 532 759 70 167 74 486 224 602 344 239 19 2,604 308 5,643 3,286 3,954 402 100 153 113 241 12 2 Includes rej 15 10 12 634 35 19 14 2 215 3 17 195 7 7 75 58 67 3 10 16 2 780 192 181 23 3 126 3 3 50 19 247 14 712 22 153 637 40 464 401 20 156 125 166 16 1 91 29 200 33 26 1,347 41 101 1,205 1 42 443 396 20 28 27 352 40 174 4 7 4 122 13 200 254 165 23 7 34 6 166 74 777 36 24 246 - 22 123 218 186 37 16 32 1 1 IS 11 464 14 33 417 2 23 200 172 20 19 104 5 81 31 103 4,075 46 1,311 193 2,281 199 33 94 72 11, 860 429 3,151 19 2,036 10,803 9,656 313 834 333 9,390 219 176 71 17 14 112 37 103 24 79 2,338 6 11,106 473 43 137 63 434 202 608 305 194 9 2,207 257 4,476 2,550 3,389 301 73 203 8 Fe 4,829 De 63 Ap 1, 491 Se 332 Jy 2,362 Oo Oc Je 124 236 Fe 660 Mh 3, 460 My 9,007 No De 32 2,103 Mh 10,603 Mh Se Au Jy 350 846 257 1,979 Mh 384 Fe 11,278 Fe 242 Ap 195 96 Oc3 Jy 17 14 126 39 0) 24 Je 94 My 2,392 Jy2 11 Jy 1,383 Au 12,629 Jy Se " 767 De Jy Mh Fe Au 152 83 468 Fe Oo Jy Mh 26 2,748 284 Ap 4,834 Au 2,729 \.u 4,004 ■y Mh Jy My Fe Ap 332 108 377 148 314 12 De 3,253 My 42 Jy 1, 201 Ja 133 My 2,160 AuS My Se 287 De 2,644 De 7,288 My 3 11 My 1,950 Jy 8,861 De 266 Je 818 De' 235 Ja 1,435 No 235 Au 6,116 My 195 No 144 My 47 m 17 (*) 14 Ja 99 No 2 36 («) 24 Ja 69 De 2,201 Oe3 5 De 588 No 8,049 Oc No 686 Jy No Jy Fe 40 107 46 392 116 Je 272 Jy 157 Ja* Fe 1,887 Ja 228 De 4,210 Mh 2,348 Fe 2,412 No 268 De3 40 Fe Se' No Au Ja» 224 132 74 3,913 54 1,414 223 2,404 355 130 152 73 11,996 486 3,038 8,473 31 2,104 10, 771 9,661 266 845 237 1,548 349 10,488 241 193 93 135 18 14 103 37 101 26 76 2,413 7 903 12,368 518 704 49 138 46 471 180 522 309 190 23 2,036 248 5,760 2,533 3,716 281 65 296 133 81 194 7 3,034 63 1,409 221 2,366 317 122 122 73 11,619 485 2,947 8,187 11 139 10,425 9,362 244 819 230 1,545 344 9,508 217 82 93 134 18 14 102 29 90 25 65 710 7 902 12,356 415 694 43 109 20 471 180. 510 303 184 23 2,024 219 5,747 2,503 3,709 226 6 287 127 76 192 4 868 ■ ■4' 2 33 38 8 30 11 1 1 5 364 10 3 82- 282 19 1,890 202 169 20 13 7 3 4 •802 24 HI 6 4 1 7 142 128 1 13 3 '"is 2 2 1 160 "is' 1 1 7 11 1 11 1,527 63 113 1 1 101 5 29 26 1 2 '10 1 9 3 6 3 3 12 16 7 19 3 63 60 5 5 ""3 12 6 11 4 2 1 4 6 2 i^Q'ff /^©fiprJP^eMwCrOSOrf ®™® number reported lor one or more other months, $10,059,747 40,402 4,334,730 1,105,114 16,493,147 948,921 49,871 203,480 695,570 39, 640, 172 1,274,562 4,121,475 34,244,135 39,700 1,620,461 20,342,992 18,127,379 626,992 1,588,621 648,285 27,703,233 1,103,493 13,566,269 391,607 194,436 356,295 341,673 32,192 31, 139 278,242 33,397 267, 171 53,196 213,975 3,969,142 8,125 4,986,081 83,884,909 1,, 913, 974 3,211,033 52,496 362, 109 102,842 3,094,009 393,583 6,461,489 3,516,815 2,917,782 16,892 13,938,944 446,742 8,154,277 9,227,045 9,322,050 652,607 77,544 952,908 196,604 69,423 910,978 14,497 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 401 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. rrincipal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contmued. $333,219 3,150 119,020 40,8S3 335,944 44,930 1,720 34,318 1,531,943 51,502 279,980 1,200,461 72,456 845,948 751,074 38,970 55,904 25,980 164,023 44,020 364,818 11,227 12,405 14,700 15,150 2,285 3,700 9,165 3,900 15,768 12,484 87, 163 624 147,893 545,483 61,587 88,784 10,655 13,259 12,851 53,700 6,399 118,648 91,060 27,588 349, 199 32,218 257,279 385,803 419,012 46, 149 10,780 40, 705 14,040 4,800 26,380 $835, 484 1,660 95,275 49, 164 227,081 42,629 864 6,266 35,499 1,725,442 47, 760 134,350 1,543,332 976 50,609 691, 164 532,583 26,200 32,381 33,080 291,611 44,246 243,080 6,904 7,235 4,664 2,334 2,334 3,324 13, 793 4,373 9,420 270,285 76, 596 1,095,453 53,846 3,568 10,454 1,301 22,056 14,266 80,686 46,488 34, 198 318, 101 21, 294 144,389 276, 724 257, 781 40,354 15,466 43,467 2,789 1,128 20,641 $2,422,738 28,829 782,470 94, 766 1,288,879 112,080 13,309 42, 197 66,574 7,389,594 271, 503 2,002,728 5,115,363 10,616 522,208 5,561,184 4,916,435 134, 839 509,910 165,627 958,258 216,654 5,735,204 133,894 65,258 87,717 11, 144 8,922 67,651 19,986 51,421 15, 143 36,278 1,021,851 2,676 553, 158 ',620,200 351, 748 445,258 32, 132 60,246 25,770 225,547 83,946 336,378 216,928 116,638 2,812 1,508,721 141,306 2,148,928 1,583,846 2,189.862 149,048 32,051 181,532 78,384 61,802 117,200 3,392 $600 150 260 5,552 12,214 35 35 100,829 2,048 98, 781 500 88, 169 86,400 1,010 749 3,160 2,933 610 36,594 66 5,888 100 5,788 960 2,396 1,349 1,047 54,363 2,511 15,856 1,730 300 49, 784 5,445 44,339 24,782 225,553 60,874 58,277 125 $17, 598 4,599 6,679 736 14,542 906 700 206 61,321 533 11, 235 49, 553 3,509 15,384 50,873 46,577 1,884 2,412 3,515 365,449 1,382 48,000 2,474 1,000 280 3,460 180 120 3,160 2,412 2,232 816 1,416 2,586 732 3,295 750 5,382 1,500 555 8,020 6,344 10,320 16,403 29, 531 12, 718 9,030 3,000 17,086 2,529 2,623 1,008 $51,091 249 16,443 4,422 119,496 3,191 274 2,255 222, 716 5,450 31, 757 185,509 433 9,287 146,043 130, 105 4,542 10,396 2,967 152, 143 4,169 92, 762 1,526 622 2,311 1,160 246 338 576 346 1,742 647 1,195 19,978 32 39,686 349,094 8,427 11,124 440 1,530 858 9,152 1,367 24,102,238 17,925,992 6,167,872 8,374 1,936,357 2; 569 67, 847 75,672 52, 184 3,295 457 11,729 1,031 532 $3,805,686 8,207 1,248,431 729,962 31,858,486 1,904,427 54,403 134,977 1,715,047 13,463,366 602, 524 1,893,969 10,966,873 25,552 1,866,778 10,610,201 9,344,665 485,297 780, 239 267,885 430,798 253,004 5, 573, 735 324, 141 160,622 139, 181 113,256 15, 461 60,815 36,980 9,265 80,911 27,388 53,523 1,997,954 5,401 322, 857 32,816,898 818, 120 1.219,147 23,921 139,940 179,312 2,293,640 90,371 4,792,582 3,469,870 1,307,653 15,059 3,110,640 151,659 4,717,111 5,937,936 1,898,840 464,306 76,468 582,254 251,670 ' Same number reported throughout the year. 82101°— 18 2G 29,540 $124,961 3,507 42, 705 17,536 382,180 19, 794 2,787 2,784 14,223 689,563 24,059 241,234 424,270 378 19,918 268,948 235, 155 12, 812 20,981 10, 597 2, 179, 772 4,130 1,331,688 11, 154 2,434 18, 138 19,607 2,410 1,354 15,843 608 7,329 2,788 4,541 31,016 139 315,057 4,239,649 58,891 172,241 648 2,644 2,472 32,235 60,993 213,043 152,384 -59,409 1,260 256,453 3,989 80,461 132,862 264,707 8,677 452 11,105 4,687 2,458 $3,879,178 81,371 2,808,386 1,135,794 37,488,223 2,372,699 92,017 215, 106 2,065,576 35,013,983 1,252,665 5,247,104 28,514,214 60,301 2,996,195 21,412,315 18,917,911 793, 195 1,701,209 713,092 6,398,147 628,979 14,881,372 516,397 272,483 280,261 337,531 44, 104 83,722 209,705 53,264 220, 733 70,816 149,917 3,748,382 28,150 2,029,250 58,882,622 1,484,880 2,109,432 101,535 288,662 250, 794 2,928,107 283,705 31,483,823 23,237,247 8,208,944 37,632 11,936,237 451, 185 9, 740, 766 10,006,940 6,656,617 837, 535 154,940 1,475,685 402,941 143, 194 $4,948,531 69,657 1,517,260 388,296 5,247,567 448,478 34,827 77,345 336,306 20,861,054 626,082 3,111,901 17,123,071 34,371 1,109,499 10,533,166 9,338,091 295,086 899,989 434,610 3,787,577 371,845 7,976,949 181,102 109,427 122,932 204,668 26,233 21,553 156,882 43,431 132,493 40,640 91,853 1,719,412 22,610 1,391,336 21,826,975 577,869 718,044 76,966 1:6,078 69,010 60?, 232 132,341 26, 478, 198 19,614,993 6,841,882 21,323 8,569,244 295,537 4,943,194 3,936,142 4,493,070 364,552 78,020 882,226 146,684 111, 196 R^ 316, 582 25,918 6,426 4,021 328 2,077 744 206 2,050 1,293 41,360 206 1,288 745 4,055 '"'459' 288 616 30,081 474 32 2,136 "5,"678' 1,341 821 135 385 231 191 22 18 287 180 93 14 823 27,049 1,359 5,216 20,474 450 11,384 590 2,522 8,272 20 1,103 353 14,562 769 2,660 11,133 "'8,'783' 644 1,145 4,994 34 1,069 18 630 24, 684 22,283 12 66 17,242 15,746 6 531 6,797 6,994 34' 2,964 2,929 33 140 138 "'465' 405 380 1,921 499 3,707 165 1,331 10 3,051 216 588 439 602 35' '"i,'293' 2 60 54 420 16,048 361 350 6,588 175 50 7,336 5 :;;:;:: 20 2,124 181 392 8,350 95 355 414 40 355 302 5.-, 23' 2 110 92 57 265 21 136 37 99 1,985 8 11,663 88,724 90 55 157 2 2 108 21 121 37 84 584 8 671 25,607 1,767 1,748 ""'607' 194 129, 894 110 450 15 ""i,"2i6' 15 ■"ioi' 10,968 63, 117 24 2,242 3,201 473 750 703 30 307 83 1,127 582 3,824 2,460 30 102 13 142 162 80 5 66' 78" 307 215 180 70 985 420 3,728 2,455 25 16 1,268 96 14,688 197 31,095 12,302 1,193 80 13,627 140 27,788 e, 219 75 92 16 1,061 37 2,936 5,159 1,257 2 463 654 20 212 924 "'i59' 21,963 469 29 11,855 180 245 12 "'■■45' 9,853 232 29 2,651 58 -516 227 114 50 29 2 371 177 99 23 76 485 11 375 8 110 3 ' None reported for one or more other months. 402 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTET. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. t WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. 1.5, OR NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. 1 Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- iend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. - Number, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male- Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos Oil, essential Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving . , .-. Pickles, preserves, and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pottery, china, stone and earthen ware. Poultry, killing and dressing Printing and publislung,book and job Job printmg Book pubh.shing and printing . . . Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing andpublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and pubhshing Printing, pubhshing, and job printing. Pubhshing without printing Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Safes Sand-hme brick Scales and balances , Shipbuilding, iron and steel, new vessels. Shipbuilding, wooden, small boats and repair work. Shirts Showcases , Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Sporting and athletic goods Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Radiators and oast-iron heating boilers. All other Stereotyping and electrotypmg Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves. Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces and flreless cookers. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, chewmg and smoking, and snufl. Chewing , Smoking, and snuff Tobacco, cigars Tools, shovels, spades, and miscella- neous. Toys and games Trunks and vahses Upholstering materials, excelsior and curled hair. Varnishes 5 130 Vault lights and ventilators 3 93 Wallplaster 4 16 Washing machines and clothes 6 102 wringers. 1 Owned power onl y . 29 14 17 24 6 124 23 15 4 22 11 6 622 81 7 9 152 4 4 8 3 6 10 5 10 65 12 4 6 492 1,788 105 103 178 1,749 693 722 648 53 65 1,483 578 843 90 3,457 3,225 164 68 6,632 1,672 3,739 221 188 1,649 1,125 375 47 2,710 77 113 4,947 438 613 424 189 139 1,760 1,483 277 2,239 102 78 24 4,172 278 366 194 204 42 7 2 4 1 100 22 18 1 10 282 258 13 11 580 25 514 2 1 179 17 20 6 14 437 184 174 9 1 317 61 22 16 9 72 52 20 100 102 28 58 16 107 14 173 17 259 187 71 1 900 649 301 20 76 47 3 2 154 267 84 1 42 66 34 22 16 150 126 24 217 78 64 137 62 440 70 395 1,585 61 63 114 1,620 559 344 562 23 36 1,224 635 770 71 2,629 2,469 9 51 3,395 905 2,478 12 147 1,499 842 63 53 173 187 2,593 64 86 4,481 316 32 842 513 372 141 107 1,481 1,262 219 1,853 76 66 10 3,683 247 333 156 178 64 57 12 De 428 Ja Ja 1,779 Je Jy My Ap Ja Oo Au De My Se My No No Au Ja J6 = My Ja My Fe Mh Ja Se De' 148 72 125 1,670 642 357 759 30 41 3,607 573 784 131 De 2,826 Oc 2,401 Kb 18 Au » 5 Ja 58 Je 42 Mh 919 M^ 2,518 (*) Oc My 1, Fe Je Je Au Au 12 161 836 '964 76 80 199 217 2,811 73 128 5,272 345 43 964 432 160 108 Mh 1,344 Oo 279 Je 2,092 Se' 67 (<) 10 Mh 3,671 Ja3 256 Oc Ap My Oo3 Se Au 374 211 204 64 69 17 326 No 1,381 De3 2 Fe» 60 Au 105 Jy 1,628 No 477 Au 321 Fe Ap Ja Ja De Ja Ja 362 18 29 511 325 739 50 Au 884 Jy 2,427 (<) 12 Jy 122 Oo 1,174 Jy 690 151 135 27 No De De De 2,351 De 53 No 50 My 3,961 De 264 De 25 Se 749 De 194 De Jy 130 104 Jy 1,069 Ja 171 De 1,404 De3 65 (*) 10 De 3,507 No 230 De De De Fe Des De» 291 123 139 64 40 9 76 428 1,647 197 63 110- 1,618 505 377 656 30 38 2,938 555 784 123 2,679 2,620 8 61 3,416 909 2,495 12 143 1,414 885 65 80 153 135 33 2,653 65 75 4,820 311 25 822 477 347 130 110 1,543 1,317 226 1,835 79 67 12 3,747 230 393 35 100 40 12 6 106 155 201 1 15 1 1,264 88 48 767 766 ...... 701 60 641 1,546 157 1 49 105 2 1,511 348 174' 655 i 1 1 ...... 1 15 37 1,674 564 678 75 1 13 5 1,800 1,743 50 56 55 1 56 66 2,657 843 1,802 12 39 6 33 19 '"id 130 13 105 50 1,308 833 65 1 2 80 143 135 9 1 33 216 61 2,346 4 15 292 68 16 222 2 89 60 4,510 239 9 13 2 5 2 596 476 346 130 1 1 1 3 109 1 4 1 33 30 3 2,351 2 13 23 39 1,537 1,312 225 1 1 1,834 46 1 37 9 1,392 227 238 110 134 3 1 55 7 1 ...... 62 57 15 80 $1,216,466 5,872,624 177,790 192, 106 462, 105 9,742,152 1,096,397 1,262,167 1,629,547 56,418 • 36,906 2,977,576 1,026,880 1,523,934 140, 725 6,938,740 5, 192, 513 658,260 87,967 7,942,076 2,224,607 5,426,378 291,091 583,283 6,696,493 2,586,896 126,204 243,315 764,942 652,503 58,157 1,893,336 72,331 129,213 14,297,477 1,410, 149 24,062 1,466,868 1,523,177 1,213,711 309,466 122,551 3,790,120 3,402,861 387,269 7,455,686 82,977 71,076 11,901 1,934,453 769,823 394,449 333,472 347,157 737,011 171,110 31,572 150,249 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 403 MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. 1 Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, " etc. Wage earners. Rent oJ factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Eleo- trio (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $62,337 194,995 2,000 17,965 29,886 142,828 17,981 118,815 75, 112 2,600 9,200 65,378 32,917 44,246 12,744 354,370 324,660 27,900 1,820 541,212 150,879 307,600 82,733 29,046 76,492 64,214 12,625 6,164 26,862 13,524 2,530 70,962 4,000 12,210 209,969 35,129 4,220 66,598 56,940 24,920 32,020 15, 143 177,976 135, 161 42,815 223,499 2,500 2,500 342,328 122,049 84,992 17,090 23,120 2,700 37,242 18, 695 1,976 11,350 35,276 39, 157 84,278 19,260 140,212 21,522 8,474 11,625 273,592 23,152 38, 198 5,419 350,024 270,687 75,873 3,464 1,032,566 696,233 346, 193 90,140 41,536 109, 470 73,540 7,368 1,399 255,642 8,120 67,202 6,200 13,074 365,333 100, 596 1,286 65,909 73,877 51, 116 '22, 761 17,327 265, 168 233,684 31,684 322,463 7,000 7,000 120,327 12,268 6,028 20,399 21,389 63,632 19, 198 832 6,392 $264,318 1,038,622 30,382 43,671 74,139 915,716 259,922 171,130 326,160 12,754 44,464 581,363 327,806 684,771 32,604 1,606,097 1,548,427 3,770 63,900 2,266,200 789,674 1,467,558 838,699 492,909 38,073 29,944 105,749 112,309 22,095 773,121 29,720 65,174 2,496,674 181,432 8,909 428,708 336,471 246,051 90,420 97,363 995,563 841,598 163,965 1,348,193 33,800 29,640 4,260 1,534,552 141,491 139,052 79,526 110,261 48,452 31,990 6,027 41,264 $1,202 1,650 120 670 300 4,937 1,000 im 195,336 26,856 162,600 5,880 614,312 8,885 59,907 545, 520 2,200 250 500 7,010 5,590 13, 409 1,000 258 566 452 75 377 60,239 2,687 3,208 18,012 $2,246 10, 165 2,025 14,866 16,687 7,884 19,313 16,036 2,664 2,468 5,450 1,287 195 137,919 133,662 2,636 1,621 163,375 42,644 97,381 13,450 1,276 2,500 29,686 150 3,900 7,690 2,728 3,716 14,336 2,750 1,000 1,380 3,470 3,470 6,625 13,865 4,331 9,534 4,688 1,104 1,104 43, 905 1,040 6,175 900 85 2,400 $4,972 24,066 1,288 816 4,339 35,926 5,665 9,027 7,420 585 360 16,049 4,176 1,107 33,697 29,726 3,451 420 60,694 20,028 39,426 1,240 1,919 41,706 16,969 470 1,218 2,765 2,614 380 5,346 92,684 9,040 312 6,568 7,007 2,486 708 26,941 23,936 3,005 35,878 52,651 43,973 8,678 502,679 3,902 3,908 1,591 1,915 4,857 864 291 $141,200 14,691 63,607 610, 772 3,792,131 1, 156, 764 735,821 175,755 36,100 16, 746 2,905,660 494,384 233,333 667,487 1,962,104 1,948,968 2,355 10, 781 2,452,770 980,246 1,380,351 92,173 643,033 4, 147, 102 1,822,080 40,017 21,760 108, 477 252,772 7,611 2,141,894 40,238 46,014,336 1,556,562 38,911 698,520 477,351 290,175 187,176 42,454 1,623,324 1,297,018 326,306 3,811,112 90,250 73,500 16, 750 2,184,060 294,316 194,986 154,824 359,043 296,031 182, 782 56,583 123, 166 $13,617 48,694 3,374 1,735 7,704 521,738 38,399 9,915 90,239 415 1,783 43,549 41,039 80,493 1,260 67,379 64,762 136 2,481 127,642 39,464 87,088 1,090 73,403 117, 438 15,268 2,678 7,898 9,204 6,605 23,036 1,280 1,103 247,775 30, 149 1,294 44,750 41,562 33,141 8,421 4,582 53,040 47,644 5,496 128, 173 311 12,039 25,964 2,809 7,865 11,701 7,502 1,436 1,270 2,190 $742, 100 3,866,334 102,467 212,208 862, 730 6,233,636 1,857,192 2,425,279 965,327 79,362 118,476 5, 490, 134 1,070,969 1,311,670 769,991 6,237,228 5,492,112 640,886 104, 230 10, 163, 181 3,826,712 6,298,503 1,037,966 1,000,944 6,332,646 3,006,159 145,898 75,236 620,284 465,936 40,426 3,487,921 88,640 275,692 51,021,537 2,980,028 78,042 1,536,998 1,146,739 688,639 458, 130 236, 460 3,863,344 3,161,712 701, 632 6,631,741 206,537 166,630 39,907 5, 309, 760 541,120 395,471 264,231 636,183 618, 710 313,567 71,090 218, 786 $687,383 2,253,876 84,392 146,866 244,264 1,919,667 662,029 1,679,643 699,333 42,847 99,947 2,540,925 535,546 997,844 101,244 4,207,746 3,478,382 638,395 90,968 7, 682, 769 2,807,002 3,831,064 944,703 2,068,105 1,168,811 103,203 45,587 602,603 206,669 32,232 1,322,991 47,694 234,351 4,759,-426 1,393,317 37,837 893,728 627,866 365,323 262,533 188,424 2,186,980 1, 817, 160 369,830 2,692,456 115,408 92,562 22, 846 3,113,661 220, 840 197, 676 101, 542 265,439 315, 177 129,349 13,237 93,430 503 370 133 166 3,229 2,730 95 404 1,610 43 36 631 20,719 1,037 440 27 16 36 526 915 182 258 "i,"878' 372 100 18,104 855 122 5 1,025 '675' 60 • 6,025 6 23 1,545 804 638 3,700 69' 2 2,266 4 23 270 188 54 15 '"'496' 379 93 1,260 616 582 15 2 60 2,890 2,872 5 13 4,844 60 1,859 1,846 1 13 4,047 ""462" 402 37" 932 932 99 95 4 108 667 22 1,595 3,236 "■"ios" 16 662 '"'22' 1,580 2,454 ■""37' 13 •335 6,984 1,342 107 490 13 285 727 423 107 "i,'i26' 50 4,657 888 "'si' 600 490 211 433 30 286 181 98 50 116 85 26 5 666 69 64 9,844 668 37 763 485 50 "8,'486" 311 20 160 19 12 1,326 357 37 188 75 "2,' 840" 90 '"'494' 42 32 575 841 310 531 2 400 160 240 2 441 273 2,882 160 291 273 1,992 ""m 870 20 2,641 241 870 1,771 221 120 20 11,073 866 85 10,123 616 37 30 7 273 621 20 20 17 10 7 58 68 215 535 18 434 288 440 162 45 115 212 260 132 245 120 5 25 149 166 195 42 38 115 6 8 2 170 42 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. ^ Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® * 404 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR nrousTEY, Nmn- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE monSTEY. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried cf5- cers, su- perin- lend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Total. Wage earners. Number, 1,5th day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EAENEBS— NUMBER DEC. 15, OB NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 windmills 3 10 5 30 16 15 6 30 10 10 178 539 36 69 1,151 815 336 248 704 657 767 18,749 "'ii' 5 23 15 8 ■■'is' 7 7 89 18 1 3 43 27 16 14 34 24 23 444 64 1 1 60 41 19 28 18 19 11 1,476 6 i 61 54 7 4 7 11 7 662 451 23 56 964 678 286 202 630 496 719 16,078 Mh Se Ap 480 33 84 Se Ja3 Ja 404 10 31 375 36 56 949 676 273 199 652 488 775 375 34 33 921 665 256 199 627 478 398 SI, 496, 556 54,475 75,235 2,387,228 1,947,458 439,770 824,518 1,081,002 711,698 1,526,924 96,064,868 2 3 Window and door screens and weatherstrips. 23 25 11 14 2 4 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specifled. Wire rope, cable, and woven- wireiencing. 3 5 Ap Au Ap Fe 810 300 273 688 585 818 Se De Ja Oc Se Au ,576 269 137 583 382 645 fi 3 7 Wood preserving S Wood, turned and carved . 23 4 361 2 6 7 9 9 in Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fled. n All other industries * *A11 other industries embrace — Aluminum ware 1 Ammunition^otherthancartridges.. ■ 1 Asbestos, building materials 1 Bags, other than paper 2 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills 3 Belting, leather 3 Belting, woven 2 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bluing 2 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Brushes, other than toilet and paint . 3 Cardboard, not made in paper mills. . 2 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1 Cash registers and parts 1 Charcoal 1 Cheese 3 Chemicals 6 Clocks 1 Coke,notincludinggas-housecoke... 1 Cordage and twine 1 Corsets 1 Cotton small wares 1 Dental goods 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2 Dyestufls and extracts 1 Enamelmg 1 Engraving and diesiaking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing Engraving, wood Envelopes Explosives Files Fire extinguishers, chemical Fireworks Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Foundry supplies Fuel, manufactured Galvanizing Glucose and starch 3 Hair work 2 Hardware, saddlery 2 Hats and caps, other than lelt, straw, and wool 3 Hats, straw 2 Hones and whetstones 3 Horseshoes 1 Ink, writing 2 Instruments, medical and surgical. . 4 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 2 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails . 2 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 EVANSVUiLE — All industries- 297 11,698 201 378 629 157 10,333 Jy 10,649 Do 9,716 10,099 7,587 2,395 101 16 $24,666,039 5 19 4 9 6 3 3 22 8 4 27 23 4 3 11 15 6 4 6 3 7 3 11 10 5 4 4 25 79 293 157 118 62 38 24 43 122 220 122 1,977 1,715 262 113 185 569 66 50 48 15 26 460 178 190 342 155 22 1,918 4,247 "ig' 1 10 9 1 5 19 5 1 6 6 ■■'is' 4 3 7 2 "■""s" "■"e" 9 2 1 4 26 54 15 4 9 3 1 2 1 11 10 10 74 63 11 7 9 36 5 -- 2 4 12 11 7 13 9 1 11 110 32 1 8 ""b 19 6 70 62 8 9 9 38 11 8 6 1 3 4 7 50 28 22 6 7 ""2 1 1 1 3 21 1 22 18 4 5 3 3 1 1 3 4 4 13 1 7 240 126 100 47 27 20 36 84 165 104 1,806 1,567 239 97 152 486 44 32 35 11 11 440 150 111 298 116 17 1,852 3,773 Fe Je Se 296 132 123 Ja Ap 165 117 72 235 127 94 54 32 22 32 88 184 111 1,768 1,650 218 88 148 482 52 39 41 10 11 429 153 10» 304 104 17 1,866 3,553 231 119 16 33 14 19 32 86 166 111 1,701 1,495 206 88 123 470 52 34 41 10 5 342 116 105 303 104 9 169 3,121 I 78 21 18 3 3 1,063,234 220,719 163,825 75,541 64,929 10,612 12,350 69,607 1,376,921 365,092 3,722,851 3,285,888 436,963 611,588 362,615 1,662,126 117,879 30,700 64,664 42,167 51,466 616,282 268,794 254,081 857,426 756,967 12,750 799,934 11,086,460 3 Bread and other bakery products 4 ^ fi Confectionery .' Je Be' Oc Au Ja 52 28 42 98 190 118 Oc Fe De' Mh3 Fe No 12 11 32 70 148 90 7 8 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products 9 10 1 18 1 11 T> 9 7 2 58 48 10 13 14 15 Wood, other than rattan and willow. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Ja Mh Au Fe {^ Au De sfyii Ja Ap3 0C3 Mh 3 Fe Mh (') Fe 1,622 257 124 188 529 53 39 53 13 14 451 154 115 324 127 17 1,922 Au No De g; Fe Aus Fes Nos DeB De Au De' Se No ^2. 1,520 199 76 112 374 33 28 21 8 10 429 143 108 250 99 17 1,769 Ifi 20 5 12 17 IS Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work 1<) 5 •'n Mineral and soda water ''1 Paints w, Patent medicines and compounds- - . 6 70 35 2 1 12 2 2 5 24 25 ?R Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Stoves and ranges ?.7 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolUng mills. Tobacco, chewing and smoking ?S 8 1,697 415 9q 23 269 6 41 10 6 11 *A1I other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 1 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Baking powders 1 Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronze products 3 Brooms, from broom corn 3 Butter 2 Canning, vegetables 1 Carpets, rag 3 Carriage and wagon materials 5 J, wagons, and repairs H Cars and general shop construction and rej)airs by electric-railroad companies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Coffee, roasting and grinding Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cotton goods 1 Cutlery, axes, and hatchets'".','."'.!.. 1 Dairymen's supplies, other than cream separators 1 Druggists' preparations 1 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 405 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, inelud- ing-in- temal revenue ■and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 "Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 151,761 400 1,863 102,580 65,480 37,100 36,469 50,485 42,263 64,517 1,308,697 190,455 400 3,704 87,215 60,029 27,186 20,583 17, 739 28,741 12,046 2,267,739 $282,066 14,281 23,226 543,243 384,900 158,343 120,315 330,640 229,919 317,739 10,955,940 «50O S192 1,080 2,403 42,123 600 120 41,523 2,283 12,953 17,055 802 1,511 793 16,111 55,876 S9,279 345 264 15,087 10,242 4,845 3,203 6,110 4,779 9,713 667,248 S439,551 10, 890 45,644 2,196,635 1,669,811 526,824 589,574 739,310 434,228 955,826 66,596,661 S16,279 970 793 48,514 37,456 11,058 18,364 2,768 14,600 34,948 13,860,809 $1,077,678 39, 122 100,734 3,731,617 2,792,194 939,323 1,009,729 1,295,232 860,455 1,522,027 113,217,095 $621,748 27,262 54,297 1,486,368 1,084,927 401,441 401,791 553,154 411,627 531,253 32,769,735 1,045 100 825 100 37 120 63' 266 38 1,882 8 450 8 194 22 1,238 "39" 1,372 250 194 928 16 510 560 2,090 928 200 560 2,044 726 310 24 230 60 136 33 24 13 179 1,519 121,983 1,217 63,868 60 46,663 162 900 80 20,562 60 34,185 Lasts 1 Liquors, vinous 2 Lithographing 3 Lubricatmg greases 2 Malt 2 Matches 1 Minerals and earths, ground 4. Musical instruments, organs 1 Musical instruments, piano materials 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 3 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Pens, fountain and stylographlc 1 Petroleum, reflning 1 Photographic materials 3 Plated ware, knives, forks, and spoons 2 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 1 Pulp goods 1 Pumps, notincludingpowerpumps. 3 Pumps, steam 2 Refrigerators 4 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Sewing-machine eases Sewing machines Smelting and refining, lead Smelting and refining, not from the ore Springs, carriage, wagon, and auto- mobile Stationery goods, not elsewhere spec- ified Statuary and art goods Steam packing Stoves, gas and oil Sugar, beet Surgical appliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods I Tin plate and terneplate 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 5 Typewriters, carbon paper 1 Umbrellas and canes , . . . 1 Vinegar 2 Wall paper, not made in paper mills. 2 Waste 1 Watches 1 Wire ; 2 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. • $749,700 $699,457 $6,167,570 $43,650 $59,689 $1,050,072 $18,013,593 $397,843 $31,426,707 $13,015,271 24, 102 17, 182 66 6,864 1,544 1 42,660 3,746 10,398 3,695 1,615 2,080 1,008 9,^1 26^000 13,793 120,839 100,544 20,295 16,504 11204 50,305 8,020 41,765 3,448 10,381 2,410 910 1,500 480 4,200 27,865 5,075 62,029 49,454 12,575 5,223 8,570 38,726 23,693 3,188 6,782 1,355 4,226 7,452 9,911 45,861 51,377 15,532 138,011 78,513 33,928 22,197 , 10,32g 11,874 18,280 45,830 95,270 62,048 806,377 695,430 110,947 59,422 76,699 300,610 35,241 15,192 26,826 4,957 4,699 280,858 90,074 86,745 183,123 71,891 6,959 629,573 1,995,347 1,370 25 604 1,600 " 3,008 8,500 5,696 3,490 2,205 45 3,018 55 91 1,380 1,380 14,677 2,505 1,161 884 747 137 78 704 8,456 4,386 30,824 26,588 4,236 3,951 4,190 ' 16,107 1,118 352 541 341 281 4,766 2,050 2,242 8,357 3,688 12,861 257,464 668,109 243,096 254,322 251,684 69,848 54,994 14,864 31,160 83,194 3,027,397 53,379 1,886,651 1,618,689 367,962 25,776 187,467 1,134,113 75,921 52,076 117,295 73,122 24,660 121,148 123,237 85,978 158,606 266,427 21,961 1,078,350 8,576,826 23,602 6,661 1,415 2,609 1,449 1,060 206 645 12,179 3,722 23,051 18,141 4,910 25,576 3,687 11,886 2,646 478 751 1,112 204 33,667 3,634 2,985 8,334 4,911 96 2,841 221,366 715,980 452,235 319,533 125,250 86,311 38,939 60,140 188,147 3,512,940 166,642 3,374,654 2,790,261 584,393 215,988 321,408 1,716,138 173, "958 86,765 185,632 93, 135 64,955 517, 645 327,632 409,988 577,927 4.39,444 46,013 2,386,811 14,967,847 449,383 191,262 66,434 62,893 29,868 23,025 28,774 104,408 473,364 99,441 1,464,962 1,253,431 211,621 164,636 138,354 570,139 95,391 34,211 67,686 18,901 30,091 362, 810 200,761 321,025 411,087 178, 106 23,966 1,306,620 6,169,666 765 120 57 169 118 51 7 10 1,955 305 4,266 3,726 640 526 316 2,237 178 24 44 110 11 160 101 147 824 513 5 208 11,045 310 455 120 41 69 18 51 7 -10 25 10 763 628 135 77 29 609 178 24 36 110 11 25 101 147 339 363 5 8 3,302 ■■■'igi' 5 231 226 5 3 25" '"i,"686' o; 3; 8 100 lOO 8 4 g • 1,650 628 1,635 625 1,010 1,930 275 3,503 3,098 405 448 275 1,628 10 20 11 I"* IT H 1,080 1,320 3,768 K 12 16 28,837 1,450 17 IR 324 1,746 660 1,512 1<> 4,492 2 436 4,616 18,240 20,606 21,790 37,100 12,344 1,300 29,453 279,410 8 •>(* ?1 135 ?3 2,240 3,560 75 4,348 5,344 ?4 ■") 485 150 'fi 97 84 4,368 11,843 OS ■■■ 59,272 260,646 28 1,548 200 7,727 •X) 16 30 , Electrical machinery, apparatus and supplies 1 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 3 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 2 ■ 9as, illuminating and heating 1 Glass 1 Hand stamps 1 House-furmshinggoods,notelsewhere specified 2 Jewelry 2 Lamps 1 Liquors, malt 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed I Models and patterns, not including paperpattems 1 Optical goods 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Plumbers* supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 1 Signs and advertising novelties.., . 3 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Stamped ware. . - 1 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and" carved 1 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 406 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR nrousTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNERS— NUMBER DEC. 15, OB NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and iirm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Nmnber, 15th day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 FORT WAYNE— All indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons and materials.. 228 13,416 197 335 1,286 437 11,161 Mb 11,769 De 10,382 11,436 8,602 2,641 87 106 $31,167,142 2 18 8 7 14 5 4 7 6 6 3 9 17 5 27 92 443 86 105 2,125 37 135 148 45 15 16 34 264 216 236 9,511 14 5 10 8 5 3 11 9 8 1 8 19 1 25 70 11 5 7 98 1 8 6 49 3 8 324 4 22 9 17 • -y- 122 1 7 2 352 73 73 1,573 26 95 120 36 6 11 16 201 143 201 8,235 Au Pe No 3 My Ja Ap Au3 Au Au3 Mhs De3 Ja No Mh 385 87 103 1,655 46 129 130 52 8 12 20 238 153 220 Ja No Jfo Je No Mh Fe3 Pes Oc Je No Ja Je 308 62 57 1,475 12 47 105 7 4 9 9 182 89 190 340 65 67 1,588 46 103 117 47 4 12 19 192 149 209 8,478 267 63 30 1,585 46 103 117 47 4 11 8 110 144 173 5,894 70 2 37 3 613,241 148,529 200,212 7,420,531 86,923 350,837 475,687 72,998 15,684' 12,370 195,740 436,801 409,429 151,358 20,676,802 4 5 Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture, wood, including store and office fixtures. Lumber and timber products Lumber, planrng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. TWqrhifi flTt'l stoiie ^^ori^ 3 7 8 q in 1 1 5 9 7 4 172 11 Optical goods 3 17 55 5 787 3 2 18 10 I 247 11 76 5 36 2,404 1 12 Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and pubUshing, book and job. Printing and^ublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars . . 13 14 S 1 Ti 16 75 105 1 * All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products '. 3 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Automobiles 1 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bags, paper, not including bags made . in paper mills 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 tirass , bronre, and copper products , . Brooms, from broom corn Butter . ._. Carpets, rag Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric -railroad companies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam -railroad compames Cleansing and polishing preparations Clothing, men's and youths' Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery , ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Electroplating Flour-mill and gristmill products Furnishing goods, men's 3 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gasmachines 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornar menting 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Grease and tijllow i Hand stamps 1 Hosiery and\ knit goods 4 Ice, manufactured 2 INDIANAPOLIS— All indus- tries. Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles -. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products — Brooms, from broom com Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cleansing and polishing preparations Clothing, men's and youths' Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and chewing gum . . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shoi Boiler shops and foundries. Machine shops Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, including rattan and wil- low. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Ice, manufactured Jewelry 8 55 Liquors,malt 4 590 Looking-glass and picture frames 4 20| Lumber and timber products 10 3 Lumber, planing-mill products, not 27 includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. 1 Owned power only. 8 37,926 655 1.472 3,657 1,271 44 99 408 2,889 36 65 218 153 253 1,207 95 667 1,371 99 1,661 432 126 645 308 827 383 30 473 59 4,169 1,405 2,764 448 1,716 1,329 387 277 igiii 182 75 107 11 68 51 17 13 5 3 16 376 41 20 46 91 21 270 30 1 39 3 372 51 321 11 70 51 19 25 2 71 1 14 104 3 3 1 12 2 2 55 5 17 2 100 16 84 6 42 30,971 30 72 338 2,335 22 64 48 184 130 235 819 74 661 1,281 45 1,642 384 58 514 230 449 307 20 403 .47 Ap 32,129 Fe3 40 Au 85 My 429 Au 2, 769 Jy3 27 Je Au Oc Se Ap 0C3 Ja ^/e 92 51 215 140 275 854 80 617 1,337 Mh 1, 653 Fe 433 Se3 Oc Oc Ja Ja Db No 62 591 263 512 329 29 435 62 De 28,127 Se 16 Fe 55 Nos 258 No 1,581 Ja3 19 Ja8 My Mh Fe Ja Ja My De 44 46 164 116 161 747 65 490 Au 1,222 Fe3 41 No 1,398 Jy 336 My 54 Jy 432 De 200 De Jes 381 283 My a 15 Oc 306 Fe 40 145 244 462 31,458 26,344 4,903 38 74 327 2,526 22 55 49 204 126 227 81 561 1,281 41 1,495 344 56 571 212 453 310 29 418 49 3,576 1,298 2,278 422 1,556 1,215 341 208 41 443 160 287 494 73 309 2,507 22 27 31 71 119 227 600 71 552 1,278 390 27 32 210 210 222 294 2a 415 3,280 1,268 2,012 30 1,609 1,177 332 208 35 434 139 287 494 28 18 128 1,100 317 20 346 2 229 16 16 295 29 266 380 27 19 13 96 12 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. $87, 569, 251 122, 012 143, 489 337, 907 8,136,589 33,265 116, 435 49, 770 350, 622 162, 640 778, 169 3,620,192 98,228 1, 371, 650 404, 710 156,561 1,601,816 328,279 703,934 771,543 405, 796 3,473,285 833,187 22,562 2,615,M7 175, 482 7,308,440 1,958,495 5,349,945 568,838 2,941,781 2,063,577 878,201 853,802 51,296 2,341,613 359,984 999,021 2,009,659 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. 407 MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary liorsepower. Electric liorse- power gener- ated in estab- Lsh- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE- ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES —Continued. ^ $859,016 SI, 776, 990 $6,299,257 $88,892 $80,610 $354,786 $13,634,240 $513,604 $30,204,634 $16,056,790 16,771 11,276 177 6,318 4,687 1 2 3 19,010 6,520 27,000 226,230 945 19,600 8,870 55,129 2,340 39,161 441,628 1,768 16,980 8,610 187,504 37,767 32,558 907,242 12,825 53,488 70,044 35,368 3,768 9,758 8,753 116,878 112,569 137,552 4,573,183 12 7,099 1,635 4,904 2,460 510 3,615 749 974 22,051 377 3,201 3,680 1,010 160 58 557 2,787 1,189 32,968 281,410 800,471 58,884 141,252 1,763,370 18,137 150,534 307,566 35,677 22,081 18,195 109,451 193,761 135,445 143,944 9,745,472 18,222 1,070 1,840 87,598 2,331 2,498 6,452 1,000 486 219 967 6,491 8,789 1,010 374,631 1,361,154 123,758 266,729 6, 118, 991 41,054 280,140 459,386 87,541 38,571 41,793 423,449 478,407 449,467 404,969. 19,629,225 542,461 63,804 123,637 4,278,023 20,586 127,108 145,368 50,864 16,004 23,379 313,031 278,155 305,233 260,015 9,509,122 302 153 84 3,193 244 735 391 72 15 4 40 211 209 3 11,115 80 125 75 1,250 200 300 295 « 202 28 9 1,943 44 435 96 72 15 4 40 171 174 3 2,082 "i,'i4i' "3," 546' 4 5,342 679 10,000 <; 6 7 840 480 1,188 1,680 2,491 13, 109 4,410 4,727 35,077 R 500 • q 820 3,500 7,615 19,308 19,949 11,050 488,599 10 1,377 3,483 25,163 53,226 2,852 1,125,270 11 50 7,068 5,352 26 59,963 1? 40 13 35 14 1^) 8,911 122 16 Liquors, malt 2 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musicalinstruments, pianos 1 Pickles and sauces 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified ". 1 Pumps, steam 1 Roofing materials, metal shingles and ceilings - 1 Saddlery slid harness 5 Ship bmlding, wooden, small boats. . 1 Show cases 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 S cap 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Tobacco, smoking 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Washing machines and clothes wrin gers 1 TMndow and door screens 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 $3,310,794 12,800 19,690 56,993 246,909 1,780 9,924 8,450 30, 756 15, 706 75, 709 73,773 11,840 55,891 29,594 16,300 95,184 27,243 36,124 24,686 26,233 179,180 48,236 3,150 43,105 5,600 374,700 132,559 242,141 24,980 128,629 94,709 33,920 26,767 10,430 80,305 20,110 43,389 105,063 $4,884,032 6,795 5,244 27,976 579,016 4,083 1,000 9,821 1,492 5,606 228,264 5,912 75,196 64,653 26,400 78,882 49,680 61,404 127,528 36,135 417,967 59,951 1,560 36,285 3,522 385,771 74,897 310,874 14,615 101,952 82,031 19,921 35,249 3,568 94,661 13,779 19,338 56,419 $19,041,596 21,759 44,967 263,200 1,653,205 19,442 36,050 29,721 - 70,283 64,487 165,792 470,336 29,040 350, 764 895,900 12,968 770,660 170,104 26,617 172,542 183,976 203,638 213,581 13,105 271,096 28,172 2,122,778 820,468 1,302.310 127, 166 896,698 650,807 245,891 144,597 26,700 398,427 95,974 158,450 347,816 $632,012 1,054 'i3,'824 200 3,000 '"'76s 115 18,306 2,700 '575 400 150 5,867 1,566 4,301 100 100 700 4,923 "25,J32' $962, 109 1,200 2,750 25,978 24,426 2,660 2,680 4,633 6,652 7,050 2,560 20,562 420 4,950 220 37,150 14,074 7,500 31,961 7,815 6,925 10,039 120 450 29,730 6,826 22,904 4,783 12,600 10,380 2,220 475 4,292 7,6801 4,273 11,645 $1,049,158 1,281 742 1,303 53,159 427 393 4,620 1,491 4,103 21,500 619 4,470 493 1,544 7,313 2,733 2,151 4,219 3,687 31,039 7,872 151 15,114 409 51,395 13,300 38,095 '3,253 25,134 21,019 388,297,985 $2,765,979 57,252 62, 791 316,481 7,775,180 7,054 101,631 49,963 168,699 151,758 356,332 1,810,662 112,845 674,806 703,499 143,431 1,427,664 387,388 861,598 986,060 712,828 1,184,138 345,584 3,877 7,025,618 202,495 3,044,987 763,4,'i6 2,281,531 396, HI 1,681,690 1,295,640 386,050 40,482 22,604 662,217 1,427,156 1,310 1,774 13,007 79,661 851 871 4,197 5,500 13,797 .54,633 1,438 25,695 46,713 1,776 7,455 2,428 4,687 18,232 4,690 15,819 14,369 1,942 85,476 6,290 171,534 94,442 77,092 3,678 48,365 36,437 11,928 66,091 550 25,226 $139,700,016 $48,636,052 109,512 169,497 824,074 11,869,023 43,136 201,325 124,245 324,035 285,673 689,494 3, 227, fill 182,230 1,400,402 1,741,028 321,275 2,852,264 686,643 1,058,827 1,542,784 1,120,552 2,955,829 892,776 40,897 7,971,329 253,359 8,752,318 2,452,507 6,299,811 720,823 3,442,741 2,531,050 911,691 425,631 86,709 2,764,610 2,199,637 50,950 104,932 494,586 4,014,182 35,090 98,843 73,411 151,139 128,415 319,365 1,362,216 67,947 699, 901 990, 816 176,068 1,417,145 296, 827 192,542 538,492 403,034 1,755,872 532,823 35,078 860,235 44,574 5,535,797 1,694,609 3,941,188 321,034 1,712,686 1,198,973 .513, 713 319,058 63,555 2.032,503 □^05, 746 ■ -351,287 747, 255 5 Same number reported for oiie or more oth er months. 65,215 747 5,032 57 40 39 270 325 863 1,238 43 957 912 82 106 210 603 175 493 804 94 6,135 169 6,709 2,557 4,152 131 3,059 2,304 755 1,907 26 4,310 157 1,687 2,262 39,585 20 80 2,795 65 150 273 790 481 440 4,500 40 2,670 2,040 630 2,158 1,760 1,820 4,230 140 915 1,644 800 23,186 45 4 3 300 20 313 313 10 800 5 64 664 1,937 57 40 39 205 175 103 965 43 157 10 106 210 122 175 53 804 94 815 129 3,726 517 3,209 131 901 544 357 87 80 17 792 1,337 62 202 61 119 400 2,128 1,447 681 326 326 649 2 70 150 408 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37.--DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEE30NS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. 15, OB NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and •firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under Ifi. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age nmn- ber. Number, IBth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. INDIANAPOLIS— Contd. Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats, hat frames, etc. Mineral andsodawaters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing, book aJid job. Job printing Book printing and publishing, linotype work. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. . Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling nulls. Tobacco, cigars Toys and games Window and door screens.. Wirework All other industries * 70 57 3 4 4 163 119 100 59 41 .52 133 115 1,340 1,143 197 1,304 870 329 105 154 3,846 372 362 413 27 13 8 8,424 20 1 '277 16 6 1 7 25 25 174 102 72 416 355 31 30 21 171 36 15 764 12 14 108 60 166 82 55 29 2 11 10 10 6 1 287 90 73 41 30 32 83 46 912 867 45 615 405 206 121 3,620 298 312 355 17 6 4 7,019 My Mb Jy My Je» 113 108 36 My Oo 91 66 Ja Aus 75 38 Fe Ja 886 51 Au My 835 40 My Ap (*) Ja Ja Au Se Oc Oc' De' 417 153 4,408 335 388 375 24 11 5 Fe3 De3 No» De Au 27 Se 394 Jy 192 CO 4 Jys 94 My 3,131 No 263 Fe 237 Au 344 Ja Ja5 3e> 84 65 38 24 28 78 48 904 8«0 44 610 124 3,906 328 293 355 21 16 5 6,970 73 25 677 634 43 554 388 162 120 3,603 326 293 287 15 14 5 5,957 5 23 185 184 1 37 20 17 977 21 16 8201,679 77,544 168,641 10,432 153,202 314,707 170, 193 2,598,410 1,888,634 709,876 1,692,522 1,038,309 417, 127 237,086 436,674 11,084,889 486, 722 768,989 166,014 36,600 20,250 13, 856 24,919,924 *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial limbs Bags, other than paper Bags, paper , not including bags made in paper mills Belting, leather Boxes, cigar Brick and tile Brushes, other than toUet and paint . Butter Canning, vegetables Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies.. . 2 Cofnns, burial cases, and under- takers' goods.; 2 Confectionery, ice cream 2 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels ... 2 Cotton goods 1 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dairymen's supplies, cream separa- tors 1 Dental goods 1 Dyestuns and extracts 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving and diesinldng 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Engraving, wood 1 Envelopes 1 Fertilizers 2 Flavoring extracts 1 Fur goods 3 Galvanizing 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas,illuniinating and heating 1 Gas machines 1 Glass 1 Glass, cutting, stainjng, and orna- menting 1 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Grease and tallow 2 Hair work ■. 2 Hand stamps 1 Hardware 2 Hardware, saddlery 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Hats, straw 2 Hosiery and knit goods 1 House-furnishing goods,notelsewhere specified .' ' 3 Instruments, medicalandsurgical... 2 Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works ar rolling mills 2 10 SOUTH BEND— All industries . Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Bread and other bakery products. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop work Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Optical goods Patent medicines and compounds . . . Perfumery and cosmetics Printing and publishing, j ob printlog Printing and pubhshing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, smoking, and snuff Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 250 16 14,304 10 10 16 150 60 70 72 21 479 114 22 31 IS 12 119 12 204 183 9 288 12,407 19 10 14 20 981 472 355 12,203 11 106 41 47 55 11 427 5 160 103 6 230 10,807 Fe 13,307 Au8 Jy3 Oc No Je Ap3 (') Mh Se 16 108 47 56 70 11 476 92 De3 18 My 3 21 Jys 11 Des Au8 Ja Je 0) Je 61 8 160 107 6 258 No 9,679 (') Ja3 De Ja Fe Fe De3 Oc Mh Fes No a Des 6 4 5 103 37 40 35 11 390 W 6 Au3 56 Ap3 4 De 141 Au 99 Se 6 217 12,915 10,640 2,178 10 9 10 106 44 48 35 11 424 . 83 61 4 153 106 6 267 11,496 9 8 10 103 16 48 29 11 424 83 117 99 117 9,503 3 140 1,903 57 40 51 39 $54,148,276 11,621 3,496 17, 790 202, 192 56,262 99, 161 140, 636 42, 108 668, 933 294,166 81, 137 38, 370 14,780 12,160 150, 743 7,754 241,307 326,818 6,832 265,547 61,477,584 *A11 other Industries embrace — Agricultural implements 2 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Bluing 2 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing 2 Boxes, cigar i Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 1 1 Owned power only. Brass and bronze products 1 Brick 1 Brooms, from broom com 1 Butter 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriages and ■wagona.Li- .^. .L 7 Cars and |ene£^^b2]p{ql«s@ltefiq|gP y and repairs by elefffric-r^Iroadcom- ■' panies - 1 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, men's and youths' 1 Clothuig, women's, wrapgers and house dresses 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 iCrorectionerv, icf cT-mm 2 lwjl^^,^'&it€«s-^'^ water 1 Engraving, wood 1 Fur goods 1 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Furniture, wood, other than rattan andwillow 2 Gas and electric fixtures 2- Gas, illuminating and heating. 1 Grease and tallow 1 Hand stamps 1 Hardware, other than builders' hOTd- ware 2: 2 Includes rented power, other than electric ! Same nu= MANUFACTURES— INDIAN A . 409 MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE- ■ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES —Continued. $25,660 10,780 14,300 2,400 12,170 31,550 26,709 161,871 132,551 29,320 193,241 81,498 69,056 52,687 23,500 108,275 61,246 43,795 5,800 8,760 400 16,720 15,466 6,019 400 31,418 34,993 24,377 214,998 137,810 77,188 514,047 414,704 49,459 49,884 24,392 247,128 46.535 21,302 18,540 1,650 400 $69,045 32,051 27,193 25,549 23,647 55,723 21,332 672,559 625,577 46,982 546,745 387,660 157,025 2,060 82,562 1,955,100 236,170 238,087 222,132 6,988 3,104 2,886 4,320,722 $544 $1,677 457 798 39 531 3,466 1,598 16,100 12,534 3,566 17,771 12,164 4,775 832 2,735 73,169 5,286 4,441 21,289 176 120 31 177,336 $107,247 76,468 62,051 3,979 33,516 451,113 101,787 792,956 781,443 11,513 849,132 617,601 170,054 61,477 338,907 34,426,468 390,193 501,897 211,661 16,647 3,820 5,775 16,374,362 S3, 347 452 1,351 515 795 4,181 2,232 18,400 16,843 1,657 24,177 17,674 6,408 95 1,706 160,853 6,596 11,309 341 840 281 585 1,684,536 $248,135 154,940 162, 965 54,215 122,990 637,997 254,510 2,986,365 2,292,665 693,700 3,437,181 2,265,734 599,238 572,209 533,779 37,780,039 873,864 941,816 577,679 57,760 11,760 14,831 30,331,308 $137,541 78,020 89,563 49,721 88,679 182,703 150,491 2,175,009 1,494,379 680,630 2,563,872 1,630,459 422,776 510,637 193,166 3, 192, 718 478,075 428,610 365,677 40,263 7,.659 8,471 12,272,410 470 29 34 25 19 461 132 880 869 11 1,224 900 324 365 106 29 34 23 19 361 132 695 686 9 1,224 900 824 50 1 $3,000 2,964 1,597 8,290 13,987 7,111 75,609 72,559 3,050 45,988 22.028 14,868 9,092 5,080 8,145 9,112 2,880 8,330 840 120 1,656 459,371 ■) 3 2 \ ^ 100 6 ■i8i,'293 17,393 163,900 325,721 110 35,202 290,409 7 150 160 35 33 2 8 9 10 11 \f 13 14 117 5,142 456 632 117 812 306 267 "iiig 120 298 Ti 4,330 150 365 77 182 58 .. .. 17 10 18 19 31 55 17 15,251 31 55 17 4,428 "6,'475' 20 22 621,208 1,036,227 46,386 10,713 110 23 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, vinous Lithographing ; Mattresses and spring beds Mirrors,framed and uuframed Mucilage and paste Musical Instruments and materials, not specified Oil,notelsewherespeoifled Paper and wbod pmp Pans, fountain tod stylographic Petftunery and cosmetics Photographic materials 1 Photo-engraving 3 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 4 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified ~. 1 Prmting and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 1 Pumps, not including power pumps- 1 Pumps, steam 1 Refrigerators 1 RegaUa and society badges and em- blems 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 1 1 Shirts 1 Showcases 2 Signs, other than electric. 1 Soap 8 Sprmgs, steel, carriage and wagon... 1 Stamped ware 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- waterheatingapparatus 2 Steam packing 2 Stereotyping and eleotrotyplng 3 Surgical appliances 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified i Trunks and valises 1 Umbrellas and canes 2 Upholstertug materials, excelsior ... 1 Varnishes 2 Vinegar i Wallplaster »•. 2 Wood preserring 2 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 $824,600 16,182 2,600 5,056 13,800 2,250 40,034 23,276 2,100 6,975 2,500 1,881 12,942 1,300 27,473 31,375 16,200 619,656 $1,622,652 300 5,906 4,682 6,012 4,724 1,908 16,484 13,624 830 3,600 1,021 15,611 2,288 16,809 39,186 26,540 1,464,227 $6,989,069 3,376 6,548 8,619 74,453 19,664 35,173 32,132 5,908 280,276 52,287 16,013 10,076 6,698 4,124 32,340 1,820 96,440 90,829 2,784 117,978 6,092,633 $124,132 16 'i75 $84,963 1,461 2,000 io' 115,076 350 6,045 915 1,069 4,585 2,850 2,430 720 696 4,837 4,252 2,948 720 2,796 2,215 1,200 9,014 3,546 26 3,036 37,209 $368,664 376 28 41 1,286 634 735 604 6,381 2,828 468 279 81 1,037 39 1,369 2,250 4,689 31,880 302,808 $12,205,435 2,428 2,504 10,368 231,094 46,383 46,619 130,972 246,312 295,456 30,474 30,222 13,676 6,368 74,780 4,642 113,791 112,060 9,307 167, 190 10,546,989 $536,905 162 192 643 9,849 2,504 811 1,739 1,210 -20,254 5,691 1,376 694 294 430 1,047 127 4,178 4,096 196 1,182 480,440 $31,179,978 8,269 10,075 29,950 412, 125 147,808 108,678 113,910 165,039 717,086 466,962 70,897 59,925 34,390 19,476 362,793 9,150 309,555 457,123 20,181 420,094 27,246,604 $18,437,638 6,689 7,379 19,039 171, 182 61,482 61,484 65,562 22,857 450,619 166,806 39,047 29,109 20,421 12,687 286,966 4,381 191,586 340,977 10,678 261,722 16,219,075 21,512 53 235 579 241 6 22 1 162 12 19,702 13,652 260 100 40 13,162 68 24 15 2,146 100 46 2,001 5,746 135 319 117 20 1 149 154 6 12 4,534 8,077 242 7,836 Hosiery and knit goods .". 1 Ice, manufactured. 1 Jewelry 1 Liquors, malt 2 Looking-glass and picture frames — 1 Lumber and timber products 1 Models .and patterns, not including paperpattems --■ 1 Uotorcycles, bicycles, and jrarts 1 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified , 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Photographic materials ,. 1 Pickles and sauoi*^ - - - - Roofing material!., _ Siidlery and harness ' Same number reported throughout the year. lamess 4 steel works or rollins mil Sewing-machine cases 1 Shirts 4 Signs, electric 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping; 2 Stoves and ranges. _, __. 2 " ve5,gvall*(SS/*(R) 1 fuctii.-aUioaWarfcf Bot made in steel works or rolling mills 1 ' None reported for one or more other months. Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Toys and games i Varnishes i Wallpaper,notmadeinpapermilis. 1 Watches i Window and door screens 1 Wirework i Wood, turned and carved 2 Woolen goods i 410 MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 10. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 10 TEHEE HAUTE— AU indus- tries. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products Brick and architectural and fire- proofing terra cotta. Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Clothing, men's and youths'; CcHifectionery and ice cream Cooperage Foundry and machine-shop products. Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, job work only. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. All other industries * 6,167 17 269 109 39 1,500 429 173 99 425 37 102 199 2,769 58 194 134 12 5,270 11 215 99 30 377 125 109 2,380 Se 5,516 Au Se Fe 16 227 121 33 1,419 Ap 416 De 155 Ap 97 Je 360 De » 114 De 4,957 De Ja De 203 77 De 27 Je 1, 376 Se 345 Mh 104 De 72 Mh 309 Fe' Ocs Ap 101 5,457 1 4,442 214 107 27 1,366 352 147 346 112 1,594 144 105 27 1,366 22 55 110 2,061 1,000 302 82 19 1 526 10 ?13,919,787 16,746 369,601 301,394 93,647 930,207 602,758 148,577 161,857 750, 739 47,728 139,600 305, 759 10,151,174 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial limbs Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baking powders Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Brooms, from broom com Butter 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriage and wagon materials 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies X Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad compames ... 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes ~. 1 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts 5 Food preparations, for animals and fowls 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Lamps 1 Liquors, distilled, alcohol (including pure, neutral, or cologne spirits) ... 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS <— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Anderson Bloomington Brazil Crawtordsville East Chicago . . . Elkhart Elwood .'. Hammond Huntington Jeffersonville . KOKOMO Lafayette Laporte loganspoet Marion Michigan City... MiSHAWAKLA MUNCIE New Albany New Castle Peru Richmond Shelbyville ViNCENNES 114 4,613 82 182 308 135 3,906 40 1,178 39 39 29 14 1,057 30 678 23 30 21 20 584 56 836 38 48 52 18 680 79 8,468 58 181 646 102 7,482 105 3,816 95 170 349 208 2,993 39 2,207 30 37 141 38 1,961 82 6,274 73 179 510 231 4,281 60 1,467 39 54 96 40 1,239 40 1,355 29 64 64 22 1,176 78 3,755 69 111 198 98 ,3,289 84 1,641 46 108 125 52 1,310 65 2,092 39 77 157 54 1,766 67 1,996 68 59 141 29 1,709 90 3,384 61 111 134 108 2,970 52 4,723 37 67 140 47 4,442 52 3,943 49 44 375 143 3,332 113 4,265 81 162 222 103 3,687 102 1,685 90 66 60 21 1,468 33 2,211 23 48 136 64 1,960 34 920 36 35 49 13 787 118 4,238 78 168 221 109 3,662 48 1,386 26 75 47 17 ■1,221 71 1,190 68 60 69 31 962 Mh My Oo Oo Au My Se J7 Oc My Se Ap Jy Oo Fe Ja Fe Ap Je Oc Fe Mh Se Au 4,247 1,203 770 760 8,017 3,187 2,481 5,066 1,297 1,453 3,716 1,374 2,302 1,766 3,280 4,866 3,441 4,259 1,621 2,199 942 4,168 1,414 1,080 No Au Fe Ja No Oc No De Mh De J? De Oc Ja Au No No Au De Fe Au No Jy De 3,342 3,786 3,231 820 1,085 971 448 747 659 620 778 656 6,409 7,967 7,796 2,761 3,108 2,700 1,117 2,789 2,302 3,257 5,005 4,037 1,147 1,251 1,032 761 1,177 1,163 2,518 3,388 3,041 1,243 1,271 1,136 1,210 1,965 1,710 1,627 1,781 1,644 2,384 3,118 2,520 3,561 4,628 4,090 3,210 3,338 2,761 3,038 4,133 3,614 1,240 1,470 1,267 1,715 2,317 2,172 668 816 663 3,125 3,734 3,202 1,057 1,435 1,236 745 972 912 524 103 187 120 159 396 469 865 200 14 336 133 233 132 571 485 567 489 188 141 133 614 183 59 27 4 9 2 1 3 2 7 5 18 56 47 10 9 4 8 2 9 3 5 15 12 1 52 12 8 30 6 9 4 IS 2 10 8 16 1 $11,756,711 2,406,941 1,638,759 2,499,611 38,706,588 9,510,762 4,615,465 24,041,835 2,746,058 3,177,220 9,700,547 6,174,415 7,837,961 1,964,863 4,916,917 16,499,058 13,546,257 6,485,496 3,293,116 5,983,046 1,780,324 10,968,589 2,300,456 3,578,715 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— INDIANA. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914r-Coiitinued. 411 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent ol factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue . and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDXJSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $401,058 $505,395 $3,206,288 $48,411 $71,497 $8,397,617 $10,667,412 $440,939 $25,698,719 $14,690,368 14,552 12,494 342 1,716 1,005 1 1,500 18,700 6,675 2,080 4,860 9,800 10,608 9,731 68,199 2,790 11,360 17,006 237,749 1,560 22,284 2,500 8,005 115,265 61,871 24,252 993,847 168,883 54,780 41,522 223,337 14,145 48,855 96,931 1,354,595 1,032 10,619 295 2,026 1,353 704 843 3,670 "•1,235 974 5,002 464 769 1,101 8, 379, 181 10,076 509,117 42,305 17,687 654,170 753,371 223,823 162,960 428,493 36,614 53,210 . 82,038 7,593,548 246 16,986 26,690 1,534 33,563 5,070 6,131 2,462 15,691 1,179 1,816 4,833 324,938 31,043 880,681 176,883 61,637 1,784,092 1,033,871 391,261 261,261 1,024,608 93,266 212,779 418,113 19,329,334 20,721 354,478 107,988 42,416 1,096,369 276,430 161,297 95,839 580,524 55,473 157,753 331,242 11,410,848 15 174 500 40 702 114 117 240 575 66 108 147 11,764 16 102 22' 7 ""m 30 6 •) 650 72 600 T 4 180 40 30 64 67 n. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Iowa was admitted to the Union as a state in 1846. With a gross area of 56,147 square miles, of which 55,586 represent land surface, it ranks twenty-fourth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 2,231,853 and in 1910, 2,224,771 ; and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,222,000. La total population Iowa ranked fifteenth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked twenty-fourth, with 40 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 40.2. The lu-ban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places having 2,500 in- habitants or more — ^was 680,054, or 30.6 per cent of the total, as against 25.6 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 17 cities, each with an esti- mated population of more than 10,000; Boone, Bur- lington, Cedar Kapids, Clinton, Council Bluffs, Daven- port, Des Moines, Dubuque, Fort Dodge, Iowa City, Keokuk, MarshaUtown, Mason City, Muscatine, Ottumwa, Sioux City, and Waterloo. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 22.9 per cent of the estimated total population of Iowa, reported 76.2 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The transportation facilities are excellent, Iowa I'anking fourth among the states in 1914 in the length of railway trackage, the state being traversed by many important trunk lines with their various branches. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as re- ported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 9,994, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are available) was 720. The Mississippi River, which bounds the state on the east, and the Missouri River, which forms a part of its western boundary, constitute important factors in the transportation system. Iowa is preemmently an agricultural state. In 1909 over nineteen-twentieths of the total land area of the state was in farms, and the total value of its farm crops was $314,666,298, of which amount, $167,622,834 was contributed by com, $59,360,225, by hay and forage, and $49,046,888, by oats; and the value of the domestic animals sold and slaughtered on farms was $218,216,303. In that year Iowa ranked second to Illinois in value of aU farm crops, first in production of hay and forage, second in com and oats, and first in value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms. The output of the muies and quarries of the state in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was valued at $26,287,115, the principal product being bituminous coal, valued at $13,364,070. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The vawe of the manufactured products in Iowa in 1914 amounted to $310,749,974, the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 63,113, and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measure of the importance of the manufacturing industry, amoimted to $105,298,635, the state ranking seventeenth, twenty-ninth, and twenty-first, respectively, among the states of the United States. The corresponding rankings in 1909 were eighteenth, twenty-ninth, and twenty-second. The output of manufactured products, as measured by value, represented the same proportion of the total for the United States — 1.3 per cent — at the two cen- sus periods, 1914 and 1909. In 1904 this proportion was 1.1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... SalEu:ied employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost ol materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANUFACTURING INDUSTEIES. 1914 5,614 82,B31 S,421 I 14,097 63,113 191,094 $233, 128, S42 56,170,325 16,310,815 39, 859, 510 993,328 3,555,794 205,451,339 310,749,974 105,298,635 1909 5,528 78,360 5,323 11,402 61,635 155,384 $171,218,604 43, 513, 581 10,971,650 32,541,931 968, 827 2,382,967 170, 707, 048 259,237,637 88, 530, 589 1904 1899 4,785 4,828 81,361 m 4,758 m 7,122 5,159 49,481 44,420 118,065 106,664 8111,427,429 $85,667,334 28, 945, 430 22,253,197 5,948,377 4,232,544 22,997,053 18,020,653 961,910 ?l 3 1,051,399 b) 102,843,892 85, 778, 867 160,572,313 132,870,866 67,728,421 47,091,998 PEB CENT OF INCREASE .1 1909-1914 1904^1909 1899-1904 1.6 6.5 1.8 23.6 2.4 23.0 38.2 29.1 48.7 22.5 2.5 49.2 20.4 19.9 18.9 15.5 27.7 11.9 60.1 24.6 31.6 63.7 SO. 3 84.4 41.5 0.7 66.0 61.4 53.4 -0.£ 38.0 11.4 10.7 30.1 30.1 40.5 27.6 19.9 20.8 22.6 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. DigitizeTBy 3 Exclusive of internal revenue, (413) 414 MANUFACTURES— IOWA. Tliere were substantial increases in practically all of the items shown in the preceding table during the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. The cap- ital invested in the manufacturing industries of the state and the value of their products more t!han doubled during the fifteen years. The manufacturing industries of Iowa as a whole did not develop as rapidly during the five-year period 1909-1914 as during the preceding five-year period 1904-1909. The percentages of increase for the state from 1909 to 1914 were slightly more for' wages, value of products, and value added by manufacture than the corresponding percentages for the United States; the percentages of increase for Iowa were 22.5, 19.9, and 18.9, respectively, as compared with 19, 17.3, and 15.8, respectively, for the United States. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS or 1914. Num- berof estab- Ush-' ments. All industries.. Slaughtering and meat packing Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Printing and publishing Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Flour-mill and gristmill products. . . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Lumber and timber products Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products Agricultural implements Patent medicines and compounds and drureists' preparations Poultry, killing and dressing Liquors, malt Gas, illuminating and heating Canning and preserving Coffee, roasting and grinding Carriages and wagons and materials, Conlectionery Buttons Tobacco, cigars Leather goods Furniture and refrigerators Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . . Artificial stone products Dairymen's, poultrymon's, and apiarists' supplies Confectionery (ice cream) Wall plaster Clothmg, men's, including shirts... Marble and stone work Washing machines and clothes wringers Soap Clothing, women's Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Furnishing goods, men's Mineral and soda waters Boots and shoes Mattresses and spring beds Tools, not elsewhere specified Coffins, i/urial cases, and undertak- ers' goods Gloves and mittens, leather Ice, manufactured Brooms, from broom com., Cooperage All other industries 6,614 33 490 364 1, 07B 24 227 36 141 518 158 34 94 35 17 113 64 14 93 42 157 40 86 384 14 8 14 17 7 117 40 20 413 Wage earners. Average number. 63,113 4,430 1,333 5,571 1,371 790 8,024 3,302 2,182 3,163 1,164 418 481 555 768 1,209 282 994 1,185 2,406 1,662 557 1,233 558 394 334 599 964 337 376 115 563 393 538 278 233 292 234 195 192 196 155 1, 952 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 7.0 2.1 2.2 1. 12.7 6.2 3.5 6.0 1.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.9 0.4 1.6 1.9 3.8 2.6 0.9 2.0 0. L3 0.6 0.5 0.9 1 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.4 0. 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 11.0 Value of products. Amount. $310,749,974 74,289,387 27,605,968 16,606,080 15,934,486 15,4.59,961 14,336,576 11,433,988 11,426,588 9,150,514 6,400,056 5,216,246 4,828,036 4,672,665 4,183,923 4,066,908 3,919,965 3,804,124 3,436,716 3,277,884 3, 254, 771 3,104,857 3, 053, 891 2,878,618 2,488,876 2,081,894 1,923,040 1,808,664 1,721, 1,669,871 1,572,140 1,498,667 1,418,042 1,220,222 1,212,803 1,201,296 1, 111, 107 844,671 827,637 821,231 720, 187 626, 254 678,924 672, 496 620,784 31,968,716 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $106, 298, 635 23.9 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.6 3.7 3.7 2.9 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 10.3 6, 418, 574 3,530,486 9,298,921 11,804,654 4,066,996 2,578,840 6,700,463 4,713,299 3,984,791 4,379,232 3,164,411 3,161,333 650,334 2,764,607 2,428,077 1,797,930 838,045 1,634,147 1,264,292 1,781,987 1,834,686 1,149,074 1,374,971 1,049,486 1,131,225 617,683 722,032 1,235,587 604,659 863,192 795,210 441,686 469,381 803,408 613, 723 606,011 343, 736 335,989 333,806 . 267,438 376, 597 312, 6.58 217,006 11,578,: — Per cent distri- bu- tion. 6.1 3.3 8.8 11.2 2.4 6.4 4.5 3.8 4.2 3.0 3.0 0.6 2.6 2.3 1.7 0.8 1.5 1.2 1. 1. 1. 1. 1 3 1.0 0.6 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4 0. 0.2 11.0 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 6.9 8.3 9.1 2.0 64.6 22.1 15.1 -29.1 32.5 -8.2 -n.7 16.8 12.1 -4.7 -3.0 13.3 -31.0 14.8 -24.1 -7.2 14.8 -4.6 10.8 -46.0 11.1 -36.6 7.0 10.0 -23.3 -35.7 1904- 1909 24.6 58.6 12.4 -14.7 -16.0 9.4 -3.2 55.2 27.0 28.3 37.7 16.9 72.2 -22.4 11.0 50.0 63.8 45.3 25.2 -7.9 461.5 19.8 -45.7 -3.7 82.6 -3.3 -16.7 27.2 -18.3 -37.8 25.9 30.7 27.7 9.5 105.2 162.7 49.8 1899- 1904 11.4 7.0 2.4 11.1 0.4 33.1 -18.2 15.9 -16.6 25. 22.1 69.6 17.6 33.0 107.1 57.4 -24.1 43.0 -7.4 0.9 187.3 -12.2 -45.0 30.5 21.0 -15.5 28.0 9.5 -11.0 26.3 51.1 Value of products. 1909- 1914 25.8 6.8 18.1 31.4 57.8 11.4 11.3 -9.7 34.2 29.4 9.6 42.0 25.8 40.6 53.8 43.0 -28.2 12.5 -19.3 7.0 8.6 3.1 32.7 -2.1 133.0 -33.1 17.5 34.1 2.6 -20.6 1904- 1909 61.4 96.8 72.0 122.1 41.9 41.2 6.4 34.8 4.2 88.8 43.8 76.7 39.4 67.9 -30.6 82.4 42.0 103.1 168.8 117. "s." 1,207. 596. 17. 110. 61. 36. 101. 1. 2 187. 40.0 -48.3 14.0 68.1 -4.4 -9.7 99.9 -11.8 -40.6 37.4 1899- 1904 17.0 -5.2 14.9 37.2 50.8 9.9 22.5 -17.0 35.0 54.6 78.4 39.2 126.7 73.3 50.3 -15.6 37.6 73.1 27.3 25.1 0.5 1,370.2 68.7 1,521.3 Value added by manu&cture. 1909- 1911 18.9 8.5 17.4 20.9 33.6 54.9 33.1 30.9 -14.6 49.2 22.9 22.4 35.3 13.6 36.3 83.2 48.8 -24.8 4.5 -32.0 10.3 4. 15.5 20.6 -38.1 126.3 -44.2 18.3 38.0 -6.4 -27.9 ■52.2 34.7 259. 33. 24. -0. -13.6 37.4 91.1 52.1 146.8 34.2 21.0 -40.1 24.1 55.4 -8.6 -16.4 66.9 -1. -31.2 1904- 1909 53.4 103.6 41.1 109.1 36.0 71.1 8.7 18.6 1.9 72.6 -30.1 -9.0 31.3 38.1 13.6 -12.8 29.8 6.2 24.2 60.7 69.1 43.0 47.5 -37.0 74.8 20.8 171.0 92.4 19.9 1,149.3 460.7 7.9 39.3 93.3 66.5 16.8 97.0 187.0 1899- 1901 27.5 100.0 65.6 84.0 -17.3 61.2 44.3 -15.6 174.6 24.6 13.1 W41.7 108.2 1,400.0 31.6 34.8 208.0 15.0 19.7 -5.9 645.7 "-2.6 46.7 120.6 76.3 113.8 29.6 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 31; a minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 44 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $500,000 were reported for 1914. These Digitized by IVIicrosoft® industries include 8 with products exceeding $10,- 000,000 in value, 3 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 25 with products between $1,000,000 MANUFACTTJEES— IOWA. 415 and $5,000,000, and 8 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included tinder the head of "all other industries" are the following, which have products exceeding in value some of those pre- sented in the table: Butter, reworking; cars, steam- railroad, not including operations of railroad com- panies; cement; explosives; glucose and starch; and linseed oil. Statistics for these industries can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclosiag the operations of individual estabhshments. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Of the industries shown separately, none ranked aUke in all three respects. Slaughtering and meat packing, which ranked first in value of products, was fourth in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk, second in value of products, was eleventh in number of wage earners and niath in value added by manufacture. Foxmdry and machine shops third in value of products, was second in number of wage earners and value added by manu- facture. Printing and pubHshing, fourth in value of products, was third in number of wage earners and first in value added by maniifactiu-e. In rank according to value of products, there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Tbe three leading industries — slaughtering and meat packing; butter, cheese, and condensed milk; and foundry and . machine-shop products — ^held the same rank at both censuses. The operation of steam-rail- road repair shops, which ranked seventh in 1909, held the same rank ia 1914. In nearly all of the other industries presented in the table there were shght changes from census to census. Slaughtering and meat pacMng. — Measm-ed by value of products, this industry is by far the most important ia the state. It includes 28 estabhshments doing wholesale slaughtering and meat packing and 6 en- gaged primarily in the manufactm-e of sausage. The total value of products for the industry in 1914 was $74,289,387, an increase of 25.8 per cent over 1909. Three cities — Cedar Rapids, Ottumwa, and Sioux City — ^reported more than four-fifths of the total value of products for the tadustry in 1914. This industry, which ranked fourth in the average niunber of wage earners, employed 4,430, or 7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported for all industries in the state. In value of products for the industry, Iowa ranked sixth among the States in 1914, as in 1909. Butter, cheese, and condensed millc. — This industry ranked second in the state, when measured by value of products. Of the 490 estabhshments engaged in the manufacture of butter, milk, 474, with a value of products amoimting to $27,028,255, were engaged in the manufacture of butter. From 1904 to 1909, the industry showed a more rapid growth — ^the value of products having increased by $10,822,000, or 72 per cent — ^than dming the later five-year period (1909-1914), when the increase amounted to $1,756,000, or 6.8 per cent. Iowa ranked third among the states in value of the output of its manufactured dairy products in both 1904 and 1909, but dropped to fourth place in 1914. Foundry and Tnachine-shop products. — This industry includes the work done in all foundry and machine shops, with the exception of those which manufacture a distinctive product, covered by some other designa- tion, such as washing machines and clothes wringers, stoves and hot-air fmnaces, tools, and locomotives. It also includes estabhshments engaged in automobile repairing and those manufacturing steam and gas engines; gas machines and gas and water meters; •hardware and saddlery hardware; plxunbers' supphes; steam and other power pumps; steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus; and struc- tural ironwork. The value of products of the 20 estabhshments manufacturing steam and gas engines formed 21.6 per cent of the total value of products reported for the foundry and machine-shop industry in 1914. With the exception of steam-railroad repair shops, the foundry artd machine-shop industry gave em- ployment to a larger number of wage earners than were reported for any other industry at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, representing 8.8 per cent of the total wage earners reported for all industries in 1914, and 8.3 per cent in 1909. For the decade ending with 1914, the value of products increased from $6,331,000 to $16,606,000, or 162.3 per cent. Printing and publishing. — This classification includes the printing and pubhshing of newspapers, books, music, and periodicals; job printing; bookbinding and blank-book making; steel and copper plate engraving, incltiding plate printing; and hthographing. The in- dustry ranked foxirth in value of products, third in average number of wage earners employed, and reported nearly one-fifth of all the manufacturing establishments in the state in 1914. The value of products amounted to $15,934,486, an increase of $3,805,829, or 31.4 per cent, during the five-year period 1909-1914. Iowa ranked eleventh among the states in 1914, its value of products for the industry repre- senting 1.8 per cent of the total for aU states. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. — This industry includes the manufacture of fancy cereals, maccaroni, sausage casings, sirups, and similar prepa- rations for human consumption, and also prepared food for animal and fowl consumption. In 1914 there were 24 factories engaged in this industry in the state, J|^^)^^7^@nployment to 1,371 wage earners. The 416 MANUFACTUEES^IOWA. value of products amounted to $15,459,961, an in- crease of 57.8 per cent over that reported for 1909, and the value added by manufacture was $4,066,995, an increase of 54.9 per cent over the previous census. Flour^mUl and gristmill 'products. — ^The statistics for merchant mills grinding wheat, rye, buckwheat, corn, or other grain are included in this classification. There were 227 mills reported for 1914, as compared with 277 in 1909. This decrease may be due to the fact that some engaged in merchant grinding during 1909 reported only custom work dm'ing.1914, and were therefore not included. Machinery is used largely in this industry, and comparatively few employees are required, therefore the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is small in compari- son with the corresponding proportions for most other industries. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the value of products increased from $12,871,000 to $14,337,000, or 11.4 per cent. Iowa ranked nineteenth among the states in 1914, retaining the same position held in 1909. Cars and general shop construction and repairs byst eam- railroad companies. — This industry is confined largely to repairs to the rolling stock done in car shops oper- ated by steam-railroad companies. It does not in- clude the minor repairs made in roimdhouses, but does mclude shopwork done for the track and bridge and building departments. In 1914 the industry ranked first in the average number of wage earners, employ- ing 8,024, or 12.7 per cent, of the total average number of wage earners in the state. Dm-ing the five-year period 1909-1914 the value of the work done increased by $1,165,000, or 11.3 per cent. Lumier and timber products. — This industry includes the operations of timber camps as well as mills which saw rough lumber, shingles, and cooperage materials; mills which produce finished lumber, sash, doors, blinds. Ulterior finish, and other millwork; and estab- lishm.ents manufacturing wooden packing boxes. The output of the planing-mill branch of the industry in 1914 was $10,713,495, which represented 93.8 per cent of the total value of products for the industry as a whole. There is very Uttle timber land in Iowa, and the sawmills are largely dependent on forests of adja- cent states for material. During the 10-year period 1904 to 1914 the value of products decreased from $12,153,000 to $11,427,000, or 6 per cent. In 1914 the industry ranked eighth in value of products among the industries of the state. Buttons. — This is one of the distinctive industries of the state. In 1914 Iowa ranked second among the states in the value of products reported for this indus- try. The output of the state, however, consists of blanks of the fresh-water pearl variety, made from the shells of the Mississippi River mussel, while those manufactured in New York, the ranking state for the industry in 1914, represent the finished product. Digitized by Muscatine is the center of the industry in Iowa, having within its corporate limits 48 of the 81 establishments reported for the state. The value of the output of these 48 establishments constituted three-fifths of the total value of products for the industry in the state. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estunafce obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PESSONS ENGAGED IN MANTITAG- TURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 82,631 78,360 70,211 66, 202 12,420 12, 168 85.0 84.5 15.0 15.5 Proprietors and officials 8,890 8,814 8,685 8,578 205 236 97.7 97.3 2 3 2.7 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried offlcers of corporations.. Superintendents and managers.. Clerks and otlier subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 6,421 5,323 1,283 1,424 2,186 2,067 10,628 7,911 63,113 61,635 5,263 5,137 1,247 1,399 2,175 2,042 7,890 6,854 63,636 61, 770 158 186 36 25 11 25 2,738 2,067 9,477 9,866 97.1 96.5 97.2 93.2 99.6 98.8 74.2 74.0 86.0 84.0 2.9 3.5 2.8 1.8 0.6 1.2 25.8 26.0 16.0 16.0 16 years of age and over . . . . 62,509 60,588 604 1,047 63,224 51,128 412 642 9,286 9,460 • 192 405 85.1 84.4 68.2 61.3 14 9 Under 16 years of age 16.6 31 8 38.7 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 82,631, of whom a predominating pro- portion (85 per cent) were males, a slight increase over the proportion shown for 1909. The largest niunber of females (9,285) reported for 1914 were employed as wage earners, but the largest proportion (25.8 per cent) were reported as clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 53,224, or nearly six-sevenths, were males. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 32. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for both sexes combined for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of salaried officers of corporations and wage earners under 16 years of age, in which classes decreases of 9.9 and 42.3 per cent, respectively, occurred. The largest per- Qentage of increase, 34.3, is shown for clerks and Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 417 other subordinate salaried employees. The proportion which this class formed of the total of all classes was 12.9 per cent in 1914 and 10.1 per cent in 1909. Wage earners 16 years of age and over constituted 75.6 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manu- facturing industries in 1914 and 77.3 per cent in 1909. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAQEn IN MANUFACTiraiNa INDUSTEIES. Per cent of inciease, i 1909-1914. Per cent distribution Total. Male. Female. Total. . Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 All classes •. 5.5 6.1 2.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.9 1.8 -9.9 5.8 34.3 2.4 1.2 2.5 -10.9 6.5 34.8 3.6 -13.1 -15.1 10.8 6.6 1.6 2.6 12.9 76.4 11.2 6.8 1.8 2.6 10.1 78.7 12.4 7.5 1.8 3.1 11.2 76.4 13.0 7.8 2.1 3.1 8.8 78.2 1.7 1.3 0.3 0.1 22.0 76.3 1.9 Troprietors and firm members 1.5 Salaried officers of corporatioDs * . 0.2 0.2 33.1 -3.9 16.9 81.1 3.2 -42.3 4.1 -35.8 -1.8 -52.6 75.6 0.7 77.3 1.3 75.8 0.6 77.2 1.0 • 74.8 1.5 77.8 Under 16 years of age '. ' 3.3 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base Is lees tlian 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earlier census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison ac- cording to occupational status. Table 5 PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTOEraa INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Percent distribution. Percent of increase. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 82,631 78,360 61,361 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.5 27.7 Proprietors and firm members. ,6,421 14,097 63,113 5,323 11,402 61,635 4,758 7,122 49,481 6.6 17.1 76.4 6.8 14.5 78.7 7.8 11.6 80.6 1.8 23.6 2.4 11.9 60.1 Wage earners (average) 24.6 Each of the three classes given in this table as well as the total for all classes combined show increases for both five-year periods; but the increases, both abso- lute and relative, are greater for the earlier than for the later period. Salaried employees show the highest percentage of increase for both five-year periods, and formed an increased proportion of the total, at each census. The wage earners have decreased in pro- portion from 80.6 per cent of the total in 1904 to 76.4 per cent in 1914. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distri- bution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For aU the industries combined, there was but little variation in the proportion which each of the three classes of wage earners formed of the total number at the censuses of 1914, 1909^ and 1904. The proportion of adult males, however, increased sHgfttjt five-year period 1909-1914, while that >*l" ai 891fno_18 27 males showed a slight decrease for the period. The actual number of children employed as wage earners as well as the proportion which children under 16 years of age formed of the total has decreased from census to census. Table 6 All industries. Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Bread and otiier bakery products. Brick, tile, terra-ootta, and otlier clay products. Buttw, cheese, and condensed milk Buttons. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. Oars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAENEBS. Average num- ber.' 63,113 61,635 49,481 1,164 1,318 809 730 2,182 1,647 3,163 3,444 1,333 1,231 2,406 3,172 1,209 1,247 994 1,441 8,024 954 1,480 563 876 1,185 1,032 558 685 790 647 1,371 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 84.3 83.0 83.0 99.7 93.3 73.2 70.8 87.1 96.0 70.6 70.6 57.6 55.7 97.5 98.3 100.0 99.9 5.9 9.8 22.7 18.9 31.1 29.8 90.3 97.8 72.9 64.0 Fe- male. 14.7 15.3 14.8 0.1 6.5 0.2 25.6 28.5 12.6 3.7 28.7 27.1 40.4 38.7 2.3 1.6 (.') (') 92.9 87.9 76.9 80.6 66.3 64.6 12.0 9.7 1.7 23.6 31.2 Un- der 16 years of age. 1.0 1.7 2.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.7 1.2 2.7 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.7 2.3 2.1 6.7 0.2 0.1 m m 1.3 2.3 0.4 0.5 2.5 5.5 1.4 0.5 3.4 4.8 JFor TKethod 'FriJIimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the aver- niin'bc !'>'■ ill ^i.iustries combined, see "Explanation of terms." ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 418 MANUFACTUEE8— IOWA. Table 6— Continued. Foundry and machine-sliop products Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat p ' ring Wall plaster All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EABNEBS. Average num< ber. 5,571 5,108 1,233 1,074 768 557 600 565 495 3,302 4,658 4,948 4,853 4,430 4,144 599 539 14,445 12, 706 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 97.9 96.9 100.0 99.6 98.4 94.0 96.8 92.5 98.9 97.7 72.7 70.7 92.3 92.7 100.0 100.0 76.7 75.7 Fe- male. 1.9 2.5 1.2 1.2 0.4 0.4 25.0 26.5 6.5 4.3 21.8 22.2 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.1 0.2 1.4 4.5 0.2 1.5 3.2 6.3 "'i.'2 0.8 1.9 2.3 2.9 1.1 3.0 1.5 2.1 Of the 24 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 17 show an increase in proportion of males and 9 an increase in proportion of females, from 1909 to 1914. The table shows a general de- crease in the proportion of children employed in the several industries. In both 1914 and 1909 the industries in which the proportion of women exceeded that of men, were those engaged in making men's clothing and women's clothing and confectionery. In 1914 the female wage earners 16 years of age and over employed ia these industries formed 92.9, 76.9, and 66.3 per cent, re- spectively, of the total average number of wage earn- ers, while in 1909 the corresponding proportions were 87.9, 80.6, and 64.6 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 17 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 7 AVERAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EABNEES IN MANUEACTDEraG INDUSTRIES. Total. 18 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITT. Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 256 2,842 4,394 2,679 1,336 3,958 6,306 6,171 951 350 1,333 1,060 2,054 2,397 2,447 4,753 3,483 1186 13,191 3,665 2,414 1,434 4,231 5,383 15,180 1,115 282 1,541 1,365 807 3,496 2,650 3,750 3,124 'i'gis' 3,259 2,153 1,001 3,840 4,155 4,274 961 'i,'533' 888 2,763 2,304 2,299 1,674 152 2,274 3,671 2,290 1,036 2,952 4,194 4,071 695 234 1,046 974 1,995 1,781 1,944 3,954 3,183 1132 '2,660 2,795 2,156 1,207 3,203 4,208 14,153 834 208 1,181 1,207 766 2,618 2,025 3,293 2,712 "2,'545' 2,698 1,946 851 2,983 3,274 3,372 784 i'iio' 826 2,116 1,921 2,078 1,477 102 529 672 362 277 976 1,075 1,043 238 114 282 85 55 584 471 749 297 131 1487 674 217 222 958 1,067 1955 252 76 334 132 41 759 546 412 409 "'347' 527 136 134 807 829 772 177 '"35i' 45- 534 343 162 187 2 39 51 27 23 30 37 57 18 2 25 1 4 32 32 50 3 13 144 96 41 5 72 108 152 29 "23' 134 71 16 50 52 130 59.4 80.0 83.5 85.5 77.5 74.6 79.0 78.7 73.1 66.9 78.5 91.9 97.1 74.3 79.4 83.2 91.4 79.5 83.4 78.4 89.3 84 2 75.7 78.2 80.5 74.8 73.0 76.6 88.4 94.9 74.9 76.4 87.8 86.8 "87.'3' 79.7 90.4 85.0 77.7 78.8 78.9 81.6 '74.'4' 93.0 76.6 83.4 90.4 88.2 39.8 18.6 15.3 13.5 20.7 24.7 20.3 20.2 25.0 32.6 19.7 8.0 2.7 24.4 19.2 15.8 8.5 18.7 15.3 18.9 9.0 15.5 22.6 19.8 18.6 22.6 27.0 21.7 9.7 5.1 21.7 20.6 11.0 13.1 'ii.'g' 16.2 6.3 13.4 21.0 20.0 18.1 ia4 "22.'9" 5.1 19.3 14.9 7.0 11.2 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.0 L7 8 0.7 1.1 1.9 0.6 1.9 0.1 0.2 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.1 1.8 1.4 2.7 1.7 0.3 1.7 2.0 1.0 2.6 Burlington s CedarKapids - 4.1 Clinton 3 3 Council Blufis 1.6 Davenport 1 3 1 3 Dubuque ■ 3.0 Fort Dodge Iowa City 26 26 42 17 1.7 1.9 ? 7 Marshalltown 1.9 Muscatine 119 79 45 3 113 40 59 10 3.4 3.0 1.2 0.1 4.1 1.7 Sioux City 2.6 n 6 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to make them comparable with those for 1914. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for female wage earners in each city shown. In 1914 there were five cities — Boone, Davenport, Fort Dodge, Iowa City, and Muscatine — ^in which the proportion of adult male wage earners was below 75 per cent ; and for each of these cities the proportion of this class shows a decrease from census to census. The highest proportion of adult female wage earners was in Boone, where the percentage was 39.8. The proportionsfor all cities com- bined were 81.4 per cent for men, 17.6T£M.TKom|Ka,and 1 for children. Nine of the cities show ffecreases from 1909 to 1914 in both numbers and proportions of wage earners under 16 years of a^e. In Des Moines, the most important city in the state in regard to number of wage earners employed, the percentage of males 16 years of age and over increased from 78.2 in 1909 to 79 in 1914, and the percentage of adult females increased from 19.8 to 20.3, while that of children decreased from 2 per cent to seven- tenths of 1 per cent. The increase for the decade 1904-1914 for all wage earners was 27.7 per cent; both yi iffi»^«srfQflfr^paales increasing relatively the same, the I percentagesbeing 28.1 and 29.7, respectively. MANUFAOTUEES— IOWA. 419 Table S t PEK CENT OF INCEEASE IN AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EABNEES.' cnr. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. of age. 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 ' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 54.2 -2.5 -10.9 9.5 34.8 28.2 9.4 24.4 11.0 12.1 33.5 -6.8 43.3 3.1 -6.5 10.2 27.7 -1.4 29.6 21.0 0.2 20.7 -1.0 -14.7 16.0 24.1 -13.0 -13.5 0.5 19.4 -22.3 53.7 154.5 -13.2 -31.4 26.5 6.2 -7.7 15.0 106.7 26.7 63.1 108.1 11.5 86.6 15.2 -10.6 -14.5 4.5 41.3 31.3 7.6t 17.7 6.2 10.8 21.7 -14.2 41.8 -1.0 -7.8 7.4 28.1 -0.3 28.5 20.7 -2.0 23.2 -11.4 -16.7 6.1 13.6 -8.2 -11.4 3.6 17.9 -19.3 46.1 160.4 -15.8 32.0 23.7 1.2 -4.0 5.4 90.3 20.1 58.5 115.5 17.4 83.6 Burlington 62.4 8.6 40.3 27.5 -0.3 27.9 166.2 66.8 59.6 106.7 24.8 65.7 20.9 2.1 18.5 29.7 0.7 28.7 35.1 9.2 23.7 34.5 -5.6 42.4 Cedar Rapids V 61 9 Clinton '"-28.'4 ronnfiil TllnfFs. . Davenport , -65.7 Fort Dodge ■"-66."6 Iowa City Keokuk -25.4 -21.6 -4.8 Marshalltown -35.6 9.4 -23.1 42.1 37.3 -13.7 59.2 362.3 81.8 154.3 58.8 -27.4 118.7 -71.7 Ottumwa -73.1 5.3 Sioux City Waterloo 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Mason City and Boone show the highest percentages of increase in total number of wage earners during the last five-year period, with 154.5 and 54.2 per cent, respectively. Waterloo shows the greatest percentage of increase for the decade 1904-1914 ia the total num- ber of wage earners. The percentage of increase in adult male wage earners ia Waterloo was 115.5, although the greatest actual increase was in Sioux City. The largest increase, both actual and propor- tional, for adult female wage earners was in Sioux City. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together •mth.[ypg jp^fjg^tfc^ which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January. . . February. March April May June July August September October. . . November , December . WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTCEING INDUSTRIES. Number.! 1914 61,051 60,856 62, 144 62,970 62,982 63,658 63,519 67,845 67,085 63,639 60,946 60,661 1909 55,649 56,081 57,912 60,328 61,440 62,581 62,215 66,408 68,006 64,097 62,895 62,018 1904 43,985 44,337 45,209 47, 198 49,443 50,584 50,774 54,789 57,999 53,635 49,000 46,819 Per cent of maximum. 1914 90.0 89.7 91.6 92.8 92.8 93.8 93.6 100.0 98.9 93.8 1909 81.8 82.5 85.2 88.7 90.3 92.0 91.5 97.7 100.0 94.3 92.5 91.2 1904 75.8 76.4 77.9 81.4 85.2 87.2 «7.5 94.5 100.0 92.5 84.5 80.7 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. In 1914, the period of greatest activity for the total for all industries combined, extended from March to October, inclusive, when a larger number of wage earners were employed in the artificial stone, brick and tile, and canning and preserving industries. The number increased each month during this period, with the exception of a small decrease in July, until Au- gust, which was the month of maximum employment. The minimum number was reported for December, forming 89.4 per cent of the maximum. In 1909 and 1904 practically the same condition prevailed, the greatest number of wage earners in both years being employed in September and the smallest number in January. The greatest difference between the number of wage earners employed during the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 14,014, or 24.2 per cent, in 1904. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total , number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 17 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The total for all industries, as well as many of the important industries, show marked stabihty in the employment of wage earners throughout the year, although in some of the industries there is a great variation in the number reported for the different months. Canning and preserving, being a seasonal industry, natura;lly shows the greatest variation in the number of wage earners employed. There were 4,779 em- ployed during August and only 344 in March. The manufacture of artificial stone also shows a marked variation in the nuinber of wage earners employed, the 341 reported for January forming only 29.8 per cent of the 1,146 reported for June, when the maximum number was reported. The greatest stabihty of em- ployment is shown for printing and pubhshing and l#^^S0?^®^®^ industries, where the proportions which the Tninimimi number formed of the maximum number were 92 and 90.7 per cent, respectively. 420 MAI^UFAOTUEES— IOWA. The least variation in the employment of wage earn- ers appears for Dubuque, where the per cent that the mini Tm iTn number formed of the maximum number, was 96.1 ; and for three other cities — Burliagton, Des Moraes, and Davenport — ^the percentage which the minimum formed of the maximum was more than 90. Iowa City shows the greatest fluctuation of employ- ment, the percentage that the miminum number formed of the maximimi for this city being only 65.6. For no other city is this percentage less than 74. Vable 10 ■WAGE EABNEES: 1914. (Month of maxlmuin employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by UaUc figures.) INDUSTRY AND CTTY. Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent Janu- ary. Febru- ary. March. April. May. June. July. Au- gust. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 63,113 1,164 ■ 809 2,182 3,163 1,333 2,408 1,209 994 8,024 954 563 1,185 558 790 1,371 5,571 1,233 '768 557 555 3,302 4,948 4,430 599 14,445 44,770 61,051 1,231 'Sil 2,077 2,263 1,224 2,973 377 1,032 7,es7 '938 616 1,140 r4 1,233 6,768 1,184 705 607 SOi 2,898 4,968 4 826 Usi 14,911 43,S70 60,856 1,259 351 2,102 2,152 1,181 3,073 345 1,004 7,568 972 638 1,142 '486 765 1,224 5,786 1,291 ess 614 505 3,239 4,897 4,903 457 14,209 43,949 62,144 1,338 '522 2,119 2,550 1,175 3,011 1,1^ 7,770 992 566 1,141 498 761 1,335 6,809 1,269 '711 611 606 3,386 4,963 4,391 518 14,765 44,650 62,970 1,264 939 2,113 3,356 1,271 2,747 . 357 1,108 7,637 1,013 568 1,121 632 740 1,276 5,896 1,254 781 581 613 3,440 4 952 4,028 582 14,901 44,776 62,982 1,224 1,104 •2,120 3,817 1,405 2,563 409 1,046 7,760 996 563 1,117 602 732 1,186 5,684 1,201 797 546 569 3,555 4,956 4,104 613 14,323 44,742 63,658 1,305 1,146 2,187 3,897 1,480 2,363 '452 1,064 7,980 978 587 1,092 '621 745 1,241 6,588 1,200 841 507 625 3,482 4,894 4338 656 14,386 45,152 63,519 1,258 1,123 2,231 3,902 1,440 1,791 687 1,027 8,151 945 644 1,078 615 772 1,402 6,579 3,436 4,786 4,551 689 14,433 44,874 67,845 1,072 1,074 2,271 3,941 1,391 1,807 4,779 1,047 8,348 1,013 578 1,125 571 800 1,601 5,732 1,224 795 488 652 3,356 4,774 4,014 707 14,685 45,683 67,085 947 1,051 8,291 3,638 1,327 1,876 4,282 909 8,413 1,010 598 1,344 595 845 1,667 6,874 502 575 3,271 4,892 14,541 46,088 63,639 889 864 2,266 3,311 1,332 2,114 1636 •'897 8,662 920 644 1,341 '600 858 1,647 6,445 1,224 '771 547 535 3,311 5,003 4 163 661 14,298 46,848 60,946 1,122 668 2,203 2,774 1,359 2,206 651 837 8,341 826 1,301 574 860 1,361 6,002 1339 744 674 518 3,211 6,102 4,680 615 13,602 44,217 80,681 1,065 525 2,204 2,355 i;4U 2,349 389 848 8,231 846 488 1,278 618 829 1,279 4,689 1,242 739 621 513 3,039 6,189 6 158 571 14,286 43,991 89.4 66.7 29.8 Bread and other bakery products ...... .... 90.7 Brick, tile, terrarcotta, and other clay products — "Butter, chwwe. and CrOndensed TnTiv 64.6 79.4 58.3 7.2 75.5 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 87.9 81.5 74.6 Confectionery . 80.2 77.9 85.1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products 71.1 79. S 87.7 Gas, illuminating and heating 82.1 78.3 Liquors, malt 76.9 liXmiber and timber products 81.5 Printing and publislung 92.0 77.6 Wall plaster 63.8 All otner industries 91.2 Total for cities 94.5 256 2.842 4,394 2,679 1,336 3,958 5,306 5,171 951 350 1,333 1,060 2,054 2,397 2,447 4,753 3,483 241 2,731 4,311 2,478 i,m 4,050 6,151 5,138 990 325 1,221 9BS 1,930 2,382 2,625 240 2,764 4,374 2,521 1,178 4,034 6,149 6,141 939 329 1,304 971 1,711 2,684 2,578 4,545 3,487 252 2,832 4,350 2,622 i;263 4,012 6,294 6,202 949 1,339 1,031 1,884 2,678 2,333 4,618 3,667 253 2,829 4,292 2,657 1,315 4,070 6,387 5,093 883 328 1,389 1,055 2,154 2,500 2,233 4,624 3,714 268 2,836 4,093 2,626 1,419 3,868 5,452 5,085 907 333 1,399 1,041 2,286 2,408 2,237 4,923 3,623 261 2,889 4,187 2 662 1,448 3,801 6,504 6,171 949 363 1,389 1,104 2,184 2,241 2,476 4,978 3,545 269 2,920 4,469 2,642 1,420 3,695 6,487 6,158 936 344 1,229 1,099 2,178 2,087 2.504 4,994 3,443 266 2,896 4,533 2,815 1,508 3,844 5,375 6,258 1,022 494 1,265 1,140 2,184 2,313 2,298 4,746 3,656 253 2,897 4,762 2,787 1,656 4,085 6,304 6,156 975 351 1,368 1,205 2,179 2.342 2,218 4,856 3,794 283 2,906 4,507 2,838 1,377 4,075 6,304 6,293 1,074 340 1,403 1,134 2,154 2,465 2,302 4,827 3,387 253 2,825 4 417 2,771 1,217 3,995 5,116 6,219 898 337 1,347 1,008 1,821 2,37a 2,755 4,751 3,114 263 2,780 4,433 2,729 1,167 3,967 6,149 6,138 890 332 1,343 979 2,063 2,293 2.805 4,726 2,934 89.2 BUBUNGTON 93.5 86.0 87.3 CouNQL Bluffs. 74.8 Davenport 9a5 93.0 DXTBUQUE 96.1 FosT Dodge . 82.2 Iowa City 65.6 Keokuk 87.0 AIarshalltowk 79.1 Mason City 76.9 MtJSCATINE 77.8 Ottumwa . . 79.1 89.1 Watebloo... . 77.3 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries, has been classified accordiag to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification' is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabUshment is classified as. a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphaaasQlie^tsi toward a shortening of the working oajPoi wage earn- ers. In 1914, 35,453, or less than three-fifths of the total average number of wage earners for all indus- tries combined, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were more than 54 per week, while in 1909, 44,035, or more than two- thirds, were so employed. During the five-year period there was a marked increase in the proportion of wage earners employed in each of the three classes working 54 hours or less per week. In 1914 as in 1909, for all industries combined and for many of them separately, a larger nimiber of the wage earners were employed in establishments in which the working hours of 60 per week prevailed than in any other group, this group aaMQ^^tewijKi^n ^fgcmggv3|^^er cent of the total in 1914 and 43.9 per y oajPoi wage earn- cent m 19097 MAjS^UFACTUEES— IOWA. 421 Table 11 nronsTRT and city. All industries Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products. . Butter, cheese, and condensed milk buttons - Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified . J Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators <}as, illuminating and heating. . Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and tunber products. . Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Wall plaster All other industries Census year. Total for cities. Boone Burlington Cedae Rapids... Clinton Council BLxnrs. Davenpoet... DBS MODJEa. . Dubuque FoET Dodge. Iowa City Zeokuk mae8hallt0wn. . Mason City Muscatine . Ottumwa... Sioux City. Wateeloo.. Dk 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 2,397 gitmc bm V?... 1914 -5,483 Total. 63, 113 61,635 1,164 1,318 809 730 2,182 1,647 3,163 3,444 1,333 1,231 2,406 3,172 1,209 1,247 994 1,441 8,024 6,969 954 1,480 563 876 1,185 1,032 568 585 790 647 1,371 833 6,571 5,108 1,233 1,074 768 806 557 600 555 495 3,302 4,658 4,948 4,853 4,430 4,144 14,445 12,706 44,770 . 256 2,842 4,394 -2,679 1,336 3,958 5,306 5,171 951 350 1,333 1,060 2,054 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. 10,966 6,594 118 102 160 173 123 49 531 34 Between 48 and 54. 4,210 2,034 108 200 12 2,449 1,720 7 324 13 2,154 1,794 7,716 59 373 917 611 218 968 1,078 1,202 29 101 80 103 115 6 362 142 157 4,301 1,685 676 251 170 386 257 171 36 10 6 7 422 23 519 560 64. 12, 484 8,972 940 887 2,912 9 85 54 280 113 501 318 180 49 114 151 t/'icr^\ofn 646 365 136 37 86 168 46 288 182 487 322 132 123 664 432 18 H 256 287 2,166 1,487 76 422 25 76 162 147 215 116 15 22 4 15 1,520 673 538 67 14 67 63 16 159 178 651 525 1,396 1,282 207 922 273 27 2,950 1,441 8,720 Between 54 and 60. 7,662 11,125 20 895 345 225 106 1,922 942 150 108 132 401 235 442 450 462 1,246 405 493 32 66 588 184 19 116 16 60 824 1,804 22 4 124 63 16 106 157 629 341 271 165 ■ 60. 22,800 27,049 26 2 1,132 1,771 266 375 126 143 271 406 352 5S2 330 568 60 2,318 3,024 6,665 77 279 310 620 135 472 261 19 148 50 5 593 48 637 718 580 739 547 1,028 2,423 2,500 782 597 553 634 858 1,061 349 765 154 84 102 26 172 733 701 166 655 403 427 321 1,960 2,595 318 604 322 46 162 168 72 202 2,084 3,312 246 719 4,211 2,836 326 499 3,827 4,112 15,761 70 1,176 1,465 574 579 1,171 1,026 2,142 400 56 522 358 750 769 1,637 2,367 Between 60 and 72 2,857 3,946 110 60 348 168 179 126 711 1,678 37 486 60 148 101 216 ...„ 618 2,194 72. 1,330 604 14 19 907 101 177 160 216 105 20 15 300 6 16 126 91 943 248 1,102 Over 72. 422 MANUFACTUEES— IOWA. Among the separate industries, the steam-raihoad repair shops showed the most pronounced decrease in the hours of labor. In 1909, 45.5 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabhsh- ments where the hours of labor were 54 or less per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 89 per cent. A decided tendency in the same direction appears for the furniture and refriger- ators and waU plaster industries. In the steam-railroad repair shops and malt brew- eries, the majority of the wage earners were reported in establishments where the prevailing hours were 48 and under per week. The printing and pubHshing industry reported 60 per cent of its wage earners em- ployed in establishments where the prevailing hours were less than 54 per week. Of the combined total average number of wage earners (44,770) for the 17 cities in 1914, 40,764, or 91.1 per cent, were in estabhshments where the pre- vailing hours of work were 60 or less per week, while only 4,006 were in establishments where the hours wer« more than 60 per week. In a majority of the cities mbre than 50 per cent of the number of wage earners employed were in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours were less than 60 per week. In Waterloo, Iowa City, and Des Moines these proportions were 78.8, 78.3, and 75.7 per cent, respectively. Ottumwa reported the highest proportion of wage earners in establishments in which the prevailing hours were 60 per week — 66.9 per cent. Mason City and Cedar Rapids reported the highest proportions of wage earners employed in establishments where the working hours were more than 60 per week — 43.6 and 29.7 per cent, respectively. Location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Iowa were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Number of places Population! Number of establisbmeiits Average number of wage earners. Value of products Value added by manufacture Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 Aggregate. 2,221,755 2,224,771 2,231)853 6,614 5,528 4,828 63,113 61,635 44,420 $310,749,974 259,237,637 132,870,865 105,298,635 88,530,589 47,091,998 CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OR OVER. Total. Number or amount. 17 17 14 508,479 467, 198 347,355 2,199 1,986 1,417 44,770 43,674 29,798 $236,647,665 188,930,227 89,630,645 77,259,106 62,942,599 31,784,431 Per cent of gate. 22.9 21.0 15.6 39.2 35.9 29.3 70.9 70.9 67.1 76.2 72.9 67.5 73.4 71.1 67.5 10,000 to 25,000 Number or amount. 8 145,781 137,107 129,096 705 644 589 13,690 14,613 12,633 $67,712,951 48,798,350 34,655,737 22,733,566 17,216,586 11,480,013 Per cent of aggre- gate. 6.2 5.8 12.6 11.6 12.2 21.7 23.7 28.4 21.8 18.8 26.1 21.6 19.4 24.4 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 8 S 6 362,698 330,091 218,259 1,494 1,342 828 31,080 29,061 17,165 $168,934,714 140,131,877 54,974,908 64,525,540 45,726,013 20,304,418 Per cent of aggre- gate. 16.3 14.8 26.6 24.3 17.1 49.2 47.2 38.6 64.4 64.1 41.4 51.8 51.6 43.1 DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVEE. Number or amount. 1,713,276 1,767,573 1,884,498 3,415 3,542 3,411 18,343 17,961 14,622 $74,102,309 70,307,410 43,240,220 28,039,529 26,587,990 16,307,667 Per cent of aggre- 77.1 79.0 ,84.4 60.8 64.1 70.7 29.1 29.1 32.9 23.8 27.1 32.5 26.6 ! Census estimate of population for 1914. In accepting the statistics in this table, it must be remembered that some of the cities — Boone, Iowa City, ajid Mason City — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the censuses of 1914 and 1910 were included in the district outside of the cities in 1899. In 1914 the 17 cities represented 22.9 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 76.2 per cent of the total value of products, 73.4 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 70.9 per cent of the total average nmnber of wage earners, and 39.2 per cent of the total number of establishments. The increase in population of the cities has affected the grouping in the table. In 1900 Clinton and Waterloo were in the group "10,000 to 25,000" population, but during the following decade the population increased so that both advanced to the group "25,000 to t^f&ftf2ed>^M- tion, and Boone, Iowa City, and Mason City, which had less than 10,000 inhabitants in 1900, advanced to the group "10,000 to 25,000" population during the dec- ade. For the period 1909-1914 both groups of cities show increases for aU items in the table in the propor- tion which they formed of the totals for the state, with the exception of the average niunber of wage earners in the group of cities having a population of 10,000 to 25,000 mhabitants. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 17 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are Usted in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1904 had /\Kter0'S€^®),OOO inhabitants m that year. MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 423 Table 13 OTY. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Sioux City 4,753 4,394 5,306 2,447 3,958 6,171 3,483 2,054 2,679 1,333 2,842 2,397 1,060 951 1,336 350 256 3,750 3,665 5,383 2,650 4,231 '5,160 3,124 807 2,414 1 541 '3,191 3,496 1,365 1,115 1,434 282 '166 2,299 3,259 4,155 2,304 3,840 4,274 1,674 "ii'.ihs 1,533 2,915 2,763 888 961 1,001 $49,479,444 34,988,838 23,746,551 21,299,929 17,172,963 14,714,143 14,126,178 11,742,466 10,427,432 8,250,274 8,158,349 5,999,485 5,149,858 4,871,421 4,279,165 1,333,106 908,073 $37,424,450 24,824,276 23,584,667 14,838,315 18,801,842 '16,249,199 8,999,420 2,880,732 7,479,516 7,398,733 8,443,296 6, 165, 866 4,821,805 2,975,459 3,768,508 805,046 '469,098 $14,760,761 16,279,706 15,084,958 10,374,183 13,695,978 9,279,414 4,693,888 Cedar Rapids Davenport.. Waterioo. Mason City Clinton 4,906,355 4,225,915 6,779,337 6,039,640 3,090,312 Marshalltown Council Bluffs Iowa City 1,924,109 ' Figures do not agree with those pubhshed because it was necessary to revise them m order to make them comparable with those for 1914. All of the cities, except four — ^Davenport, Dubuque, Burlington, and Muscatine — show increases ia value of products for the five-year period 1909-1914 and those for which separate statistics are presented show increases from 1904 to 1909, except Fort Dodge. As a rule the percentages of increase were much greater for the earlier than for the later period. The greatest absolute gain from 1909 to 1914 appears for Sioux City, the most important manufacturing center of the state, and the highest relative gain, for Mason City. The latter city also reported the highest abso- lute gain as well as the highest percentage of increase for the average nmnber of wage earners employed from 1909 to 1914. During this period the value of products in Sioux City increased $12,054,994, or by 32.2 per cent. This increase is due to the continued growth of the slaughtering and meat-packing industry which ranked as the leading one of the city in 1914 as well as in 1909. Other industries of importance were the manufacture of butter and the operations of flour mills and gristmills and printing and pubUshing estabUshments. Cedar Rapids, the second city in importance, had the next largest absolute increase, $10,164,562, due principally to the increased production of the slaugh- tering and meat-packing establishments — the leading industry of the city — and also to large increases in the manufacture of food preparations, starch, flour- mill and gristmill products, dairymen's supplies, and printing and pubUshing industries. The rank of Des Moines, both in regard to population and value of products, remained the same as in 1909 — ^first in the former respect and third in the latter. The industries of most importance in 1914 were printing and pub- hshing, liunber and timber products, the manufacture of butter, foimdry and machine-shop products, slaughtering and meat packing, and bread and bakery products. Ottumwa ranked .second among the cities in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry; other impor- tant industries were the manufacture of agricultural implements and tobacco. The rankmg imiu^riegL.Qf Davenport were foundries and macfeifll -'fli miUs and gristmills, bread and other bakery products, lumber and timber mills, slaughtering and meat packing, and the manufacture of tobacco products. The most important industries in Dubuque were lumber and timber products, malt hquors, slaughter- ing and meat packing, and the operations of steam- raUroad repair shops. The leading industries of Waterloo were foundry and machine-shop products of which the manufacture of steam and gas engines is an important branch, slaughtering and meat packing, and agricultural im- plements. In the last-named industry it is the rank- ing city in the state. Mason City, which shows the highest percentage of increase in value of products, ranked third in regard to the absolute gain made during the five-year period 1909-1914. This is due to large increases in brick, tile, terra-cotta and fire-clay products, and slaughtering and meat packing, and to the addition of a new industry, cement. The manu- facture of buttons, lumber and timber products, and pickles and sauces, were the most important industries of Muscatine. This city contributed 60.5 per cent of the total value of products for the button industry of the state in 1914. The principal industries, as measured by value of products, in the remaining cities presented in the table were as follows: In Clinton, glucose, lumber and timber products, and bread and bakery products; in Keokuk, glucose, reworking butter, food preparations, and patent medicines; in Burlington, the operations of steam-railroad repair shops, foundry and machine- shop products, and saddlery and harness ; in Marshall- town, slaughtering and meat packing and coffee roasting and grinding; in Fort Dodge, food prepara- tions; in Coimcil Bluffs, confectionery and the opera- tions of steam-railroad repair shops; in Iowa City, printing and pubHshing and perfumery and cosmetics ; and in Boone, perfumery and cosmetics, printing and pubUshing, and foundry and machine-shop products. With the exception of Davenport, Iowa City, and Boone, all the cities show variations in regard to the rank of the average number of wage earners, as com- pared to that of value of products. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from the table. This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase during the decade in the nxmiber of estab- Ushments throughout the state owned by individ- . uajs and «ieporations and a decrease in those con- jnMlSl^bywier forms of ownership. The greatest 424 MANUFACTUEES— IOWA. proportion of the establishments reported for any one class — one-half of the total in 1914 — is shown for those under individual ownership; although only 25.5 per cent of the total number of estabHshments in the state were imder corporate ownership, this class reported 75.9 per cent of the total value of products and 76.7 per cent of the total number of wage earners. The proportions of number of establishments, average num- ber of wage earners, and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each census. For both 1914 and 1909, with the exception of the butter industry in 1909, the laigest proportions of the total value of products and of the wage earners employed for each of the 16 industries for which separate statis- tics are given, are shown for establishments under cor- porate ownership. This condition prevailed also, for all industries combined, in the cities with the excep- tion of Iowa City, which reported a higher proportion of wage earners for establishments owned by individ- uals, and Ottumwa, which reported higher proportions of both wage earners and value of products for estab- lishments controlled by all other forms of ownership. Table 14 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— mDUSTET AND CITY. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent ot total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All Oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AH Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corporar tioiis. All others. Indi- vidr uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,806 2,735 2,308 1,434 1,317 1,041 1,375 1,476 1,436 63,113 61,635 49,481 7,277 7,600 6,850 48,385 45,476 34,942 7,451 8,660 7,689 11.5 12.3 13.8 76.7 73.8 70.6 11.8 13.9 16.6 8310,749,974 259,237,637 160,572,313 $24,579,748 24,053,314 18,177,968 3235,915,163 189,182,389 116,246,586 $50,265,063 46,001,934 26,147,760 7.9 9.3 11.3 76.9 73.0 72.4 16.2 17.7 16.3 Agricultural implements. . 9 8 16 26 9 8 1,164 1,318 12 38 965 1,254 187 26 1.0 2.9 82.9 96.1 16.1 2.0 5,216,245 4,757,089 48,430 102,783 4,300,686 4,572,161 867,130 82,166 0.9 2.2 82.4 96.1 16.6 1.7 Bread and other bakery- products. 1914 1909 408 392 30 24 80 79 2,182 1,647 848 638 1,126 766 208 243 38.9 38.7 51.6 46.5 9.5 14.8 9,150,514 6,817,672 3,568,710 2,861,269 4,635,069 2,932,296 946,746 1,024,117 39.0 42.0 50.7 43.0 10.3 15.0 Brick, tile, terracotta, and other clay products. 1914 1909 54 99 61 75 43 71 3,163 3,444 238 509 2,338 2,244 587 691 7.5 14.8 73.9 65.2 18.6 20.1 6,400,065 4,947,032 328,295 653,761 6,087,761 3,310,946 983,999 982,325 5.1 13.2 79.5 66.9 16.4 19.9 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 90 105 107 68 293 349 1,333 1,231 222 202 637 407 474 622 16.6 16.4 47.8 33.1 36.6 60.5 27,605,968 25,849,866 2,949,966 3,371,872 12,375,882 7,737,198 12,280,120 14,740,796 10.7 13.0 44.8 29.9 44.5 67.0 Buttons 1914 1909 47 26 19 21 15 23 2,406 3,172 416 274 1,482 1,976 608 922 17.3 8.6 61.6 62.3 21.1 29.1 3,254,771 4,036,428 405,239 318,749 1,952,041 2,398,472 897,491 1,318,207 12.6 7.9 60.0 59.4 27.6 32.7 Conning and preserving . . . 1914 1909 10 17 43 48 11 6 1,209 1,247 Id 125 1,090 1,073 109 49 0.8 10.0 90.2 86.1 9.0 3.9 3,919,955 2,549,377 21,650 178,260 3,683,137 2,312,664 215,168 68,463 0.6 7.0 94.0 90.7 5.5 2.3 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 43 64 20 20 30 35 994 1,441 146 253 662 796 296 393 14.7 17.6 B6.5 65.2 29.8 27.3 3,436,716 4,786,321 300,933 522,717 1,968,844 2,722,648 1,166,934 1,641,066 8.8 10.9 57.3 56.9 34.0 32.2 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 1914 1909 36 33 8,024 6,969 8,024 6,969 100.0 100.0 11,433,988 10,268,938 11,433,988 10,268,938 100.0 100.0 Confectionery 1914 1909 22 14 17 16 3 11 1,186 1,032 98 77 1,082 769 6 186 8.3 7.5 91.3 74.5 0.4 18.0 3,277,884 2,913,663 243,879 229,642 3,016,226 2,247,836 17,780 436,176 7.4 7.9 92.0 77.1 0.6 15.0 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 117 146 40 40 70 91 790 647 124 171 531 344 135 132 16.7 26.4 67.2 63.2 17.1 20.4 14,336,576 12,870,603 1,771,662 2,412,391 10,595,646 7,829,233 1,969,268 2,628,979 12.4 18.7 73.9 60.9 13.7 a. 4 Foimdry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 137 91 160 122 77 61 5,571 5,108 378 563 4,436 3,717 757 828 6.8 11.0 79.6 72.8 13.6 16.2 16,606,080 14,064,382 1,131,782 1,610,796 13,027,894 9,775,137 2,446,404 2,778,450 6.8 10.7 78.5 69.5 14.7 19.8 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 9 14 28 24 3 6 1,233 1,074 135 99 1,198 832 '"'143 2.8 9.2 97.2 77.- 5 "i3.'3 2,878,518 2,660,221 1 101,694 203,125 2,776,824 2,118,005 3.5 7.7 96.6 79.9 329,091 12.4 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 59 118 55 65 27 58 3,302 4,658 162 269 2,913 3,986 227 413 4.9 5.6 88.2 85.6 6.9 8.9 11,426,588 12,669,259 375,060 562,940 10,411,591 11, 160; 395 639,937 935,924 3.3 4.4 91.1 88.2 5.6 7.4 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 26 36 681 702 43 45 171 170 25 19 224 238 418 358 4,948 4,853 20 35 1,675 1,685 314 276 2,585 2,367 84 47 688 801 4.8 9.8 33.9 34.7 75.1 77.1 52.2 48.8 20.1 13.1 13.9 16.5 4,828,036 3,400,576 16,934,486 12,128,657 303,233 426,824 3,927,571 3,399,193 2,526,086 1,639,812 10,205,183 7,066,490 1,998,717 1,333,939 1,801,732 1,662,974 6.3 12.6 24.7 28.0 62.3 48.2 64.0 68.3 41.4 39.2 11.3 13.7 Slaughtering and meat packing. Totals lor cities 1914 11 15 7 4,430 3,246 2,943 n,184 « 1,201 73.3 71.0 26.7 29.0 74,289,387 59,045,232 56,374,518 46,978,835 U7, 914, 869 212,066,397 28,877,264 75.9 79.6 24 1 20.4 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 924 879 396 44,770 3,796 36,606 4,368 8.5 81.8 9.7 236,647,665 11,144,515 196,625,886 4.7 83.1 12.2 IS 52 65 50 48 11 50 72 47 36 9 17 33 8 17 256 2,842 4,394 2,679 1,336 33 142 241 148 116 183 2,669 3,929 2,495 1,143 34 131 224 36 77 15.2 5.0 5.5 5.6 8.7 71.5 90.4 89.4 93.1 85.6 13.3 4.6 5.1 1.3 5.8 908,073 8,168,349 34,988,838 10,427,432 4,279,166 176,502 502,346 806,948 372,502 516, 768 389,662 7,398,888 33,198,461 9,968,836 3,618,724 13,706,128 20,495,406 12,623,166 4,135,117 507,419 6,441,413 4,688,397 11,474,287 4,280,121 3,113,403 47,360,951 13,226,517 341,919 257,115 983,429 86,094 144,673 2,112,878 1,032,339 1,260,391 244,979 409,596 1,514,255 264,299 163 906 19.4 6.2 2.3 3.6 12.0 42.9 90.7 94.9 95.6 84.6 37.7 3.1 Cedar Rapids 2.8 Clinton 0.8 Council Bluffs 3.4 Davenport 1914 1914 1914 1914 91 166 64 29 89 166 62 20 51 62 23 7 3,958 5,306 5,171 951 581 686 348 148 2,729 4,389 4,421 769 648 332 402 34 14.7 11.0 6.7 15.6 68.9 82.7 85.6 80.9 16.4 6.3 7.8 3.6 17,172,963 23,746,651 14,714,143 4,871,421 1,353,957 2,218,806 830,586 491,326 7.9 9.3 6.6 10.1 79.8 86.3 85.8 84.9 12.3 4.4 Dubuque 8 6 5.0 Iowa City 1914 1914 1914 1914 35 37 22 17 10 32 28 34 16 16 11 9 350 1,333 1,060 2 054 149 115 62 41 132 1,081 938 1,977 1,577 815 69 137 60 36 42.6 8.6 6.8 2 37.7 81.1 88.6 96.3 19.7 10.3 5.7 1 8 1,333,106 8,260,274 6,149,858 11,742,456 416,091 294,606 197,162 104,264 686,070 632,240 1,162,266 483,076 31.2 3.6 3.8 9 38.1 78.1 91.1 97 7 30 7 18.3 Marshalltown 6 1 Mason City 1 4 Muscatine 1914 1914 1914 1914 86 39 SO 60 25 31 102 64 31 18 38 30 2,397 2,447 m. 420 213 400 1,419 17.6 8.7 m 65.8 33.3 16.7 58.0 s6l 5,999,486 21,299,929 i,«i479,444 ViS|l26,178 1,133,294 17,554,286 956,227 417,685 9.8 3.0 2.4 3.4 71.3 14.6 95.7 93.6 18 9 Sioux City. 1 9 3.0 1 Includes tne group "all others.'' * Includes the group "individuals." MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 425 Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Table 15 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS. AVEEAQE NUMBER OF WAOE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS^ VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 ^1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6,614 5,528 4,785 63,113 61,635 ^ 49,481 $310,749,974 $259,237,637 $160,572,313 $105,298,635 $88,530,689 $57,728,421 2,144 1,866 1,165 405 34 2,281 1,696 1,166 366 29 2,023 1,589 913 249 11 2,230 6,693 13,110 29,359 11,721 2,639 6,836 14,344 27,422 10,394 2,860 6,671 13,658 21,424 4,868 6,438,188 19,176,618 51,971,869 108,530,434 125,632,865 5,437,954 16,965,804 50,150,907 91,097,657 96,585,315 4,839,841 16,089,197 38,000,333 60,553,668 41,089,284 3,452,552 10,321,195 19,864,668 47,624,565 24,035,665 3,474,403 9,175,990 18,679,294 38,737,562 18,463,340 3,174,225 $5 000 to $20,000 . 7,674,371 16; 193, 200 120,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 26.530,689 5,255,936 PEE CENT DISTRIBUnON. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 38.2 33.2 20.8 7.2 0.6 41.3 30.7 20.9 6.6 0.5 42.3 33.2 19.1 5.2 0.2 3.5 10.6 20.8 46.5 18.6 4.3 11.1 23.3 44.6 16.9 6.8 13.6 27.6 43.3 9.8 1.8 6.2 16.7 34.9 40.4 2.1 6.5 19.3 35.1 36.9 3.0 10.0 23.7 37.7 • 26.6 3.3 9.8 18.9 45.2 22.8 3.9 10.4 21.1 43.8 20.9 5.5 $5,000 to $20,000... . 13.1 $20,000 to $100,000 28.1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,00* and otbt 44.2 9.1 In 1914, 34 establishments, or only six-tenths of 1 per cent of the total number in the state, reported products exceeding $1,000,000 in value.- These estab- lishments employed an average of 11,721 wage earn- ers, or 18.6 per cent of the total for all establishments, and reported 40.4 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts and 22.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. The small establishments — those hav- ing products less than $5,000 in value — although rep- resenting 38.2 per cent of the total nimiber of estab- lishments, reported only 3.5 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, 1.8 per cent of the total value of products, and 3.3 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. The greatest propor- tion of the manufacturing was reported by establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over. In 1914 these establishments reported 65.1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and 75.3 per cent of the total value of products. The propor- tions of the totals for this class of establishments show increases at each successive census for each of the items presented in the table. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 11 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15, for aU industries combined. Table 16 NUMBER OP establish- ments. AVERAGE NUMBER OF VTAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 • Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent dis- tribution. .1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Abeicultural implements 34 42 100.0 100.0 1,164 1,318 100.0 100.0 $5,216,245 $4,757,089 100.0 100.0 $3,164,411 $2,686,973 100.0 100.0 Ta Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. For 1914, as compared with 1909, there were only two industries — ^buttons and foundry and machine- shop products — ^which showed increases in the number of estabhshments having products valued at less than $5,000. The establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over show increases in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added for a majority of the industries. The largest absolute increase in value of products for this class— ^$15,- 207,573 — occurred in the slaughtering and meat- packing industry. For all industries, with the ex- ception of buttons, carriages and wagons and materials, foundry and machine-shop products, lumber and tim- ber products, and slaughtering and meat packing for average number of wage earners, the large estabhsh- ments reported greater proportions of the average number of wage earners and value of products for 1914 than for 1909. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 17 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to t^o0 mf^@QfT^t}/d l\/l 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 o g WAGE EARNERS. V.ALUE OF - PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. aTY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber Per cent of totaL Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. BoONE 33 256 100.0 $908,073 100.0 $418,943 100 Less than $5,000 6 13 114 119 38 31 26 2 24 170 6 31 219 2,842 2.3 12.1 85.5 100.0 17,628 111,900 778,645 8,158,349 1.9 12.3 86.8 100.0 11,861 63,321 343,761 3,661,560 2 8 $6,000 to $20,000 $?OjnonfiTid over 82 1 Burlington 100.0 Less than $6,000 61 131 394 2,256 4,394 2.1 4.6 13.9 79.4 100.0 101,211 335,893 1,126,934 6,594,311 34,988,838 1.3 4.1 13.8 80.8 100.0 • 60,847 194,410 575,603 2,820,700 9,041,207 1 7 $5,000 to $20,000 5 3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Cedar Rapids 16.8 77.2 100.0 Less than $5,000. . . 32 66 62 15 5 105 31 - 32 22 220 48 276 712 1,036 2,322 2,679 1.1 6.3 16.2 23.6 62.8 100.0 93,016 732,329 2,352,110 3,195,040 28,616,343 10,427,432 0.3 2.1 6.7 9.1 81.8 lOO.U 60,766 436,372 1,271,477 1,710,204 5,562,388 3,478,809 7 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Clinton 14.1 18.9 61.6 100.0 38 179 437 2,025 1.4 6.7 16.3 75.6 87,332 338,453 1, 014, 489 8, 987, 158 0.8 3.3 9.7 86.2 51,322 204,311 474,233 2,748,943 1.5 5.9 13.6 79.0 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 ,?100,0O0aQd over—, M Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 427 Table 1 7— Continued. 4 WAGE" EAENEES. VALUE OP PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUPACTUEE. QTT AOT) VALUE OP PBODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. CoTTNcn. Bluffs 101 1,336 100.0 4,279,165 100.0 1^977,201 100.0 Less than $5,000 . 32 35 22 12 231 28 104 309 896 3,958 2.1 ' 7.8 23.1 67.0 100.0 81,526 384,779 880,459 2,932,401 17,172,963 1.9 9.0 20.6 68.5 100.0 64,418 202,148 458,737 1,281,898 7,057,222 2:8 15,000 to $20,000 10.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. .. . 23.2 63.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 62 87 59 30 3 384 55 388 977 1,983 555 5,306 1.4 9.8 24.7 50.1 14.0 100.0 135,718 911,931 2,514,369 8,020,669 5,590,386 23,746,551 0.8 5.3 32.6 100.0 80,120 610,861 1,389,485 2,779,052 2,197,704 11,471,139 1.1 $5 000 to $20,000 8.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Des Moikes 19.7 39.4 31.1 100.0 Le-ss than $5,000 103 130 83 2 68 139 90 426 lj266 3,526 5,171 1.7 8.0 23.9 66.4 100.0 249,734 1,228,134 3,903,382 18,366,301 14,714,143 1.1 5.2 16.4 77.3 100.0 187,172 732,667 2,138,294 8,413,106 6,525,831 L6 $.5,000 to $20,000 6.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Dubuque 18.7 73.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 19 47 42 28 3 56 21 223 745 3,119 1,063 951 0.4 4.3 14.4 60.3 20.6 100.0 46,726 519,348 1,864,456 8,449,263 3,835,361 4,871,421 0.3 3.5 12.7 67.4 26.1 100.0 28,596 298,038 864,776 3,533,187 1,811,234 1,752,966 0.4 $5,000 to $20,000 4.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over FOET DODOE 13.1 64.1 27.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 10 22 13 !1I 61 9 83 190 669 350 0.9 8.7 20.0 70.3 100.0 28,629 234,583 609,066 4,101,144 $1,333,106 0.5 4.8 10.6 84.2 100.0 14,980 148,489 247,624 1,341,872 $762,337 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000 8. 5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 14.1 76.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 .. 21 21 119 85 25 75 250 1,333 7.1 21.4 71.4 100.0 60,620 236,133 1,036,353 8,260,274 4.6 17.7 77.7 100.0 39,308 132,839 690,190 3,100,523 5.2 $5,000 to $20,000 17.4 $20,000 and over 77.4 Keokuk 100.0 Less than $5,000 28 26 24 3 4 61 36 125 4,53 209 510 1,060 2.7 9.4 34.0 15.7 38.2 100.0 68,365 266,215 1,352,674 633,203 6,029,817 5,149,858 0.8 3.2 16.4 6.5 73.1 100.0 39,882 143, 202 610,844 192,949 2,113,645 1,811,753 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 . . . 4.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Maeshalltown 19.7 6.2 68.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 11 26 15 29 60 10 96 169 785 2,054 0.9 9.1 16.9 74.1 100.0 24,432 306,954 677,524 4,140,948 11,742,456 0.5 6.0 13.1 80.4 100.0 18,983 155, 416 301,124 1,336,230 4,958,332 1.0 $6,000 to $20v000 8.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 16.6 73.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 10 21 17 212 142 14 102 183 1,756 2,397 0.7 5.0 8.9 85.4 100.0 30,813 325,055 605,707 10,780,881 5,999,486 0.3 2.8 5.1 91.8 100.0 18,474 160,209 366,338 4,423,311 2,990,805 0.4 $5,000 to $20,000 3.0 $20,000 to $100,000....:.... $100,000 and over Muscatine 7.4 89.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 67 47 18 210 88 76 357 • 360 1,604 2,447 3.2 14.9 16.0 , 66.9 100.0 166,217 616,292 731,175 4,596,801 21,299,929 2.6 8.6 12.2 76.6 100.0 102,996 310,962 353,068 2,223,779 3,286,348 3.4 $5,000 to $20,000 10.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Ottumwa 11.8 74.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 16 41 17 215 220 15 177 384 1,871 4,753 0.6 7.2 15.7 76.5 100.0 36,773 417,755 932,590 19,912,811 49,479,444 0.2 1.9 4.4 93.6 100.0 21,129 204,371 464,668 2,696,180 . 8,660,742 0.7 $5,000 to $20,000 6.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over .'. Sioux City H.l 79.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 54 72 61 2 33 144 53 364 844 3,492 3,483 1.1 7.6 17.8 73.6 100.0 116, 725 975, 118 2,933,516 46,464,085 14, 126"l78 0.2 2.0 5.9 91.9 100.0 79,055 612,960 1,397,734 6,670,993 6,313,389 0.9 $5,000 to $20,000 5.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ■Wateeloo 16.1 77.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 . 37 46 39 18 4 31 167 698 1,576 1,121 0.9 4.6 17.2 45.2 32.2 91,607 428,537 1,880,679 5,478,650 6,246,706 0.7 3.0 13.3 38.8 44.2 63,435 277,066 1,029,643 2,513,332 2, 439, 913 0.8 $6,000 to $20,000 4.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 16.3 39.8 38.7 ilncludes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000,' 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a prepon- derance as to number of wage earners, value of prod- ucts, and value added by manufacture for establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentages of total value of products reported by establishments of this class, 93.5, 91.9, and 91.8 appear for Ottumwa, Sioux City, and Mason City, respectively. Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914, as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for aU industries combined, for 24 of the more important iadustries, and for each of the 17 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909, similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. There were 619 estabUshments in operation during 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. In these estabUshments the work is done by the pro- prietors or firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. If wage earners were employed, the number was so small and the term of employment was so short that in computing the average, as de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms," the number was less than one person and the estabUshment was classed as one having "no wage earners." Bread and other bakery products, flour mills and gristmills, and printing and pubUshing are the industries in which the largest proportion of these small estabUshments were reported. Of the 5,614 estabUshments reported for all in- dustries, 3,652, or 65.1 per cent, employed on the average less than 6 wage earners during the year. While these small estabUshments predominated in number, they gave employment to only 7,305 wage earners, or 11.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners employed in aU estabUshments. There were only 104, or 1.9 per cent, of the estabUshments in the state that gave employment to more than 100 wage earners each. These estabUshments gave employnaent to 44.5 per cent of the total average niunber of wage earners. A comparison of the industries shown brings out the fact that in the steam-railroad repair shops, in slaugh- tering and meat packing, and in the manufacture of food preparations, agricultural implements, wall plas- ter, buttons, and lumber, the majority of the wage earners were in estabUshments giving employment to more than 100 wage earners. Among the cities the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by these estabUsh- ments are shown for Dubuque, 66.4; Cedar Rapids, 65.2; Muscatine, 64.1; and Mason City, 63.8. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 428 MANUFAOTUEES— IOWA. Table 18 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — TOTAL. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 260 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage eameis. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 i ^ i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 H 1 5,614 63,113 619 3,652 7,306 802 8,773 312 10,166 126 8,807 70 6 10,850 864 22 7,976 11 8,129 1 1,108 Agricultural implements 34 384 518 158 490 81 64 93 36 22 14 42 86 227 24 364 40 113 157 17 141 1,076 33 7 1,393 2,199 1,164 809 2,182 3,163 1,333 2,406 1,209 994 8,024 954 563 1,185 558 790- 1,371 5,571 -1,233 768 557 665 3,302 4,948 4,430 599 14,445 44,770 4 23 58 2 22 2 6 10 ...... 5 44 30 4 4 10 5 179 2 14 336 408 59 428 35 11 46 1 3 3 18 57 160 14 198 11 86 133 1 84 732 12 33 481 763 170 667 70 33 104 1 9 11 48 142 267 26 ^496 35 139 174 6 139 1,707 39 5 22 39 54 32 16 30 24 2 4 3 5 21 17 3 78 9 14 7 7 21 124 7 2 256 505 43 233 431 524 315 219 388 256 34 56 33 67 237 176 37 810 97 157 88 84 210 1,371 67 24 2,811 5,696 5 3 7 22 6 18 14 11 8 6 6 8 2 4 3 36 10 6 6 13 32 3 1 77 234 M8 95 214 738 211 576 438 355 303 216 200 284 70 151 88 1,159 '344 204 226 198 394 969 108 41 2,436 7,579 1 71 Artificial stone products Bread and otiier bakery products 2 17 2 3 1 128 1,187 140 234 63 4 4 646 544 Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products ■ . Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Buttons 6 2 2 7 2 1 1,037 287 279 1,139 230 182 1 270 Canning and preserving '. Carriages and wagons and materials^ Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies 6 7 2 6 397 443 137 463 7 2,789 5 3,361 Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery 1 323 1 1 2 5 109 139 322 738 "Plniir-miU and griRtmill products 1 1 13 5 2 1 2 11 6 3 3 31 93 67 78 814 393 123 69 121 763 360 248 214 2,304 6,647 Food preparatiraas, not elsewhere specified. . Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators 1 820 4 1 1,555 364 fid.*?, illiiTninating and heating. 1 145 Leathergoods 1 4 4 2 146 627 §41 329 2 596 1 674 Printing and ptihlishing , 3 2,531 1 1,108 Waif plaster ;. 1 5 17 320 1,759 6,128 All other industries 205 201 802 1,084 1,746 2,683 16 65 2,546 8,527 1 9 843 6,503 Total for cities 1 1,108 Boone 33 119 170 105 101 231 384 139 66 61 85 61 60 142 88 220 144 256 2,842 4,394 2,679 1,336 3,958 5,306 6,171 951 350 1,333 1,060 2,054 2,397 2,447 4,763 , 3,483 ...... 13 8 10 19 62 7 4 7 7 4 1 16 3 22 15 22 66 82 45 60 116 168 50 29 35 44 35 32 84 46 98 72 46 166 211 110 137 308 418 135 68 80 115 94 .79 174 116 246 181 7 20 52 23 17 62 81 43 13 16 20 12 13 21 20 67 2.8 63 216 568 600 937 454 185 168 219 139 155 255 217 709 368 3 17 11 17 9 24 48 21 6 3 8 6 4 13 13 16 16 80 582 356 564 276 746 1,513 720 167 102 248 187 161 431 467 473 606 1 10 6 6 2 12 17 6 3 68 766 396 393 111 864 1,181 426 182 BUItLINQTON . 1 2 4 2 7 8 7 2 183 280 645 286 1,008 1,257 1,000 349 1 1 2 1 1 334 367 729 323 432 1 3 596 2,216 Clinton Des Moines 3 980 1,456 Fort Dodge ¥JEOKUK 3 2 5 208 194 349 2 1 3 7 2 2 6 247 141 487 1,267 336 309 733 X 1 2 1 296 305 823 270 MuaCATINE 3 12 5 203 869 348 1 1,10S Sioux City 1 2 480 789 2 1 1,677 568 Waterloo.... Table 19 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPI.OYINO SPECIFIED NUMBER. DIDTTBIET AND UTY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYDIQ SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5. 6 to 20. 21 to 50. 51 to 100. •101 to 260. 261 to 500. 601 to 1,000. Over 1,000. 1 to 6. 6 to 20. 21 to 50. 51 to 100. 101 to 250. 251 to 500. 501 to 1,000. Over 1,000> All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 11.6 11.6 13.9 14.4 16.1 16.6 14.0 14.9 17.2 16.6 12.6 14.0 12.9 10.1 1.8 1.7 Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop con- struction and repaurs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's,inclualng shirts. Clothinc women's 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 2.7 4.2 10.5 10.8 t^ 0.9 0.3 2.0 1.1 4.1 3.1 25.4 1 24.8 32.1 32.2 25.8 26.5 0.4 1.3 5.9 3.2 5.9 9.0 5.7 9.4 42.5 24.3 36.2 49.9 35.7 19.4 3.8 2.1 22.6 21.6 35.5 21.6 24.0 28.2 12.5 4.9 5.2 4.2 'is.i 4.9 4.4 46.4 52.2 24.3 12.1 39.1 41.3 '25.'5 23.7 9.5 28.1 30.9 14.2 14.2 24.1 22.7 32.3 56.2 'is.'o 19.6 19.5 Agricultural implements 2.S 3.4 59.5 56.7 35.0 37.9 5.4 11.6 50.0 67.4 2.9 1.6 4.1 6.7 28.8 39.9 19.8 20.0 16.6 25.1 23.6 23.2 9 1 12.7 21.0 11.7 3.4 9.8 9.2 23.3 23.0 15.8 19.4 ■M n 6.1 17.0 74.2 30.6 22.3 34.8 36.4 41.9 41.5 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 6.9 3.9 37.5 32.8 10.5 29.6 28.9 17.2 7.6 Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products. 1 Butter, cheese, and condensed 27.2 milk. ^1909 m jM [yi ^^^tg,^^j^t-ironwork. 19U 7.4i 13.9 i^Cf-l :".'i 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. MANUEAOTUKES— IOWA. 429 Table l»-Continued moUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEKAGE NUMBEE OF -WAfiE EAENEBS IN ESTABLISHUENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEE. INDCSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year- PEE CENT OP total AVEEAGE NUMBEE OP ■WAGE EAENEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEE. 1 to 5. 6 to 20. 21 to SO. 51 to 100. 101 to 250. 251 to 500. 501 to 1,000. Over 1,000. 1 to 5. 6 to 20. 21 to 50. 61 to 100. 101 to 260. 251 to 500. 501 to 1,000. Over 1,000. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 33.8 61.0 1.9 2.6 8.9 6.5 2.8 4.1 18.1 13.3 31.2 18.0 1.1 1.4 4.2 4.7 34.5 36.6 0.9 0.5 22.3 26.7 2.7 11.8 14.5 17.6 7.9 8.4 20.4 12.0 IS. 8 20.2 15.1 17.4 6.4 6.9 27.7 28.4 1.5 2.4 19.1 22.3 6.4 11.5 20.8 18.6 27.9 47.8 26.6 29.0 40.6 31.2 35.7 41.6 11.9 11.2 19.6 21.8 2.4 0.9 7.2 17.6 Wall plaster 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 12.1 12.2 6.0 4.0 5.0 19.5 17.3 12.7 6.8 16.9 19.3 16.9 35.7 23.8 16.0 16.3 14.6 17.6 17.6 19.0 53.4 66.2 12.2 8.5 13.7 ucts. Food preparations, not else- 5.7 14.6 16.8 31.9 30.2 16.0 28.3 12.4 30.7 21.8 13.5 23.1 ,16.3 7.3 4.5 5.6 8.7 23.5 16.4 13.2 18.5 "g.'s 18.9 17.4 '57.'6 27.9 21.9 29.5 59.8 5.8 8.7 14.5 where specified. Foundry and machine-sliop products. « Total for cities 2.5 Boone Furniture and refrigerators 17.6 5.8 4.8 4.1 10.3 7.8 7.9 2.6 7.2 22.9 8.6 8.9 3.8 7.3 4.7 5.2 5.2 24.6 7.6 12.9 8.9 15.3 15.2 17.7 8.8 19.5 48.0 16.4 13.1 7.5 10.6 8.9 14.9 10.6 31.3 20.5 8.1 21.1 20.7 18.8 28.5 13.9 17.6 29.1 18.6 17.6 7.8 18.0 19.1 10.0 14.5 26.6 26.9 9.0 14.7 8.3 21.8 22.3 8.2 19.1 BUELINGTON 6.4 6.4 24.1 21.3 25.5 23.7 19.3 36.7 11.8 8.4 27.2 24.2 10.9 21.0 50.4 Oas, illuminating and heating . . Clinton Leather goods Davenpoet Des Moines 26.3 26.1 19.0 21.8 10.9 8.7 7.4 7.7 Dubuque 19.0 28.2 Liquors, malt Iowa City ' 18.0 39.2 17.4 Lsmber and timber products.. Keokuk....- 15.6 18.3 17.0 "i's 18.1 10.0 18.5 13.3 23.7 52.9 13.7 6.5 21.0 22.2 28.8 40.1 11.3 Mapon City Printing and pii Wishing Muscatine 57.1 53.9 25.0 25.9 Ottumwa 45.3 Slaughtering and meat packing. Sioux City 10.1 22.7 Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gen- erating power (including eleptric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the numbei: and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. This table shows increases in the power of engines and other prime movers employed in the manufactures of the state, amounting to 73,029 horsepower, or 61.9 per cent, for the decade 1904-1914, and. to 35,71,0 horsepower, or 23 per cent, for the five-year period 1909-1914. Owned power also shows increases for the decade and the five-year period 1909-1914, amoimting to 25.2 and 3.2 per cent, respectively. Rented power, however, shows the greatest gain, increasing by 793.5 per cent during the decade and by 165.9 per cent dur- ing the five-year period 1909-1914. Rented electric power (which represents practically all the rented power) constituted 4.3 per cent of the total primary power in 1904, 11.9 per cent in 1909, and in 1914 its proportion of the total had increased to 26.2 per cent. The use of electric motors for the purposes of applying power generated within the same establishment has also increased rapidly. The rate of increase for the decade — almost 1,400 per cent — being greater than the per cent of increase for the horsepower of rented electric motors for the same period. The proportion which the power generated by steam engines and turbines formed of the total primary power has decreased at each successive census. The use of internal-combustion engines shows an increase during the decade, the horsepower generated having almost doubled. The power of water wheels, turbines, and motors decreased from census to census. The propor- tion which this class of power represents of the total primary power is small, having decreased from 6.4 per cent of the total in 1904 to 2.9 per cent in 1914. Table 20 NUMBEE OF ENGINES OE M0T0E3. 1914 1909 1901 HORSEPOWER. Amount. 1911 1909 1901 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 1901 Primary power, total. Owned Steam engines and turbines' Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors . Bented Electric. Other... Electric Bented .- Generated by establishments reporting. 10,518 6,585 3,375 191,094 155,384 118,065 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,044 1,640 1,254 150 7,474 7,474 3,574 2,054 1,336 184 3,011 3,011 3,375 2,215 922 238 « 10,156 7,474 2,682 4,459 3,011 1,448 «. 271 140,791 126,385 8,868 5,538 60,303 50,054 249 102,772 50,054 52,718 136,465 121,882 8,025 6,558 18,919 18,463 456 40,736 - 18,463 22,273 112,435 100,418 4,486 7,531 5,630 5,107 523 8,663 5,107 3,566 73.7 66.1 4.6 2.9 26.3 26.2 0.1 100.0 48.7 51.3 87.8 78.4 6.2 4.2 12.2 11.9 0.3 100.0 45.3 54.7 96.2 85.1 3.8 6.4 4.8 4.3 0.4 100.0 59.0 41.0 I Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. ' Not reported. Fnel. — Closely related to the subject. of nower employed in manufactures is that of iftro SMSf^Mfeum^ in venerating this power or otherwise used in the m^^^^^^^^^^^^H^ 1 shows, for 1914, ■j «the mmn^^of each kind of fuel used, for which data r w6Te^Suzamea, for aU industries combined and for cer- tain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries combined in each city. 430 MANUFACTUKES— IOWA. Table 21 DJDUaiET AND aTT. All industries . Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Buttons Calming and preserving , Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general ^op construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied Foundry and machine-shop products . Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manutactxired Liquors, malt >»,^ Lumber and timber products Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 10,279 2,361,179 651 218 1,366 2,220 264 15 "215 20 231 347 409 2 62 Bitu- minous 2,000 lbs.). Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 83,082 7,073 6,593 14,397 510,927 65, 752 11,869 11,625 10, 760 190,521 10,047 1,310 52,346 27,730 115,724 13,292 108,992 61,541 41,470 15,083 2,741 1,295 34 7,768 3,970 322 118 12,480 651 2,005 1,404 11,492 35,229 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 280,261 579 995 673 61,638 2,181 512 110 211 2,665 '9 195 2,302 64 17,013 24 172,719 2,121 68 401 22 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 120,699 2,704 260 50,589 12 16 1,370 997 1,632 6,209 284 8,391 8,696 2,705 5 985 INDUSTBY AND CITY. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing . Wall plaster All other industries Total for cities. Boone bueungton Cedar Eapids.... CUNTON Council Bluffs.. Davenpobt.. Des Moines.. Dubuque FoET Dodge. Iowa City. Keokuk Maeshalltown. Mason City Muscatine. Ottumwa,. Sioux City. Wateeloo . , An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 589 2,484 5,091 10 43 215 291 77 1,039 381 1,135 294 122 82 40 26 48 603 G85 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 16,399 222,810 45,099 807,078 1,743,598 2,464 43,615 146,737 95,849 25,566 118,067 304,639 65, 112 30,008 9,395 63,259 28,895 629,096 27,168 82,775 163,357 37,616 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 267 70 1,637 4,260 70,966 1,965 130 13,694 188^0 1,015 4,717 2,565 1,289 2,951 7,366 11,663 2,315 1,743 122 334 626 1,651 185 1,019 26,800 6,607 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 21,638 1,821 12,386 107,220 1 16,615 12,248 8,404 15,293 2,113 1,385 14,937 132 2,688 19,793 60,037 560 121 49,243 12,515 367 1,313 647 1,147 10 5,645 423 566 1,971 960 354 4,316 29,680 14,469 636 3,387 6,730 7,974 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing •which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important industries in Iowa are here presented, and also sta- tistics for power laundries. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This industry includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshments, but does not include establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of sausage. The following table shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kind, number, and cost of animals slaughtered, the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compounds and substitutes, and the cost of "all other materials," which includes ice, con- tainers, curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, fuel, rent of power, mUl suppUes, and freight; and the quantities and values of the various products manufactured, except cured beef, canned good^, canned sausage, meat puddings, headcheese, lard compounds and substitutes, oleo and other oils, glue, gelatiae, and all other skins which are included in "all other products," to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. The total cost of materials and value of products more than doubled during the decade. The nimaber of each class of animals slaughtered shows a marked increase, and the cost a much greater proportionate advance. There was an increase i]p.^both_qu3n^ity and value of all the specified pro«i^S^i period, except lard and fertilizer and fertilizer ma- terials which decreased in quantity and advanced in value, and edible offal which decreased ia both quan- tity and value. Pork products consisting of fresh and cured pork and lard are the most important items shown in both quantity and value for the three census periods. Table 22 MATEEIALS. Total cost.. Animals slaughtered: Number Cost Calves- Number Cost Sheep and lambs- Number Cost Hogs — Number Cost Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost All other materials, cost PE0DUCT3. Total value Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds Value Veal- Pounds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible offal and all other fresh meat Pounds MicroWft®- 1914 $67,773,608 219,359 il5,769,369 15,171 $213,894 307,419 $1,547,912 2,394,061 $46,672,154 '$2,036,036 $2,546,143 $74,171,865 118,567,051 $13,676,747 1,715,791 $206,268 12,539,457 $1,270,068 103,461,649 $12,284,615 8,885,762 $592,057 1909 $53,034,481 252,821 $11,256,445 20,437 $202,852 49,577 $223,759 2,487,251 $38,499,019 1 $96, 669 $2,766,737 $58,913,482 123,780,302 $8,864,488 2,429,149 $226,921 1,848,011 $170,834 100,113,209 $9,760,724 3,820,807 $209,302 1904 $27,188,669 91,664 $3,127,120 8,546 $55,512 13,071 $60,249 2,070,473 $22,489,860 I $102,035 $1,363,883 $30,07'4,070 1 Includes cost of all other animals. 41,675,822 $2,844,547 764,679 $62,868 532,745 $47,005 41,260,ffl)l $2,973,294 13,599,742 $894,121 MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 431 Table 22— Continaed 1911 1909 1901 Fork, pickled and other cured: 233,138,198 $29,343,351 17,820,025 $2,111,860 59,038,166 $6,491,245 31,067,111 $2,184,246 8,880,127 $514,707 2,001,832 $253,475 7,970 $235,930 219,359 12,259,831 $2,138,122 8,588 130,548 $21,677 307,648 $351,967 $2,495,530 219,106,133 $24,852,404 15,541,624 $1,300,758 71,084,771 $8,059,149 5,722,226 $465,545 12,819 $294,072 265,063 14,727,015 $1,878,592 49,534 $61,386 $2,789,307 215,425,256 $16,067,746 9,910,400 Sausage: Pounds Value $665,247 65,322,473 $4,691,941 01 Lard: Value Tallow, oleo stock, and stearin: Ponpds Value Soapstook: Value Sausage casings: Founds Value « Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: 8,248 $168,664 Value. Hides and pelts: Cattle- FouTids , . 94,080 6,562,413 $631,001 Calf- Number Value Sheep- 13,070 $10,829 $1,016,807 Value All other products, value • Not reported separately. The increase in the total cost of materials and value of products, during the period from 1909 to 1914, was largely due to the advance in the cost of the animals slaughtered and the advanced value of the specified products, as there was an actual decrease in the number of all classes of animals slaughtered, except sheep and lambs. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — The quantities and values of the various products of the butter, cheese, and condensed-milk industry in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are given in the following table: Table 23 1911 1909 19011 $27,605,968 $25,849,866 $15,028,326 Butter: Founds 92,405,806 $25,011,327 71,194,290 $19,025,043 21,211,516 $5,986,284 2,933,142 $299,071 855, 198 $125,171 $954,994 $1,215,405 88,582,187 $24,440,715 75,581,191 $20,800,762 13,000,996 $3,639,953 1,169,943 $134,156 999,569 $148,876 $866,565 $259,554 71,181,766 Value. $14,330,754 Packed so«d- 65,995,782 Value $13,229,840 Prints or rolls- Pounds 5,185,984 Value $1,100,914 Cream sold: 1,741,469 Value. $142,381 Cheese: Pounds 2,829,745 Value $282,078 All other butter, cheese, and con- densed-milk factory products, valued $217,780 $55,333 ^ Excludes statistics for one condensed-milk establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes condensed and evaporated milk, casein, and buttermilk and skimmed milk sold. The total value of products for this industry in- creased from $15,028,326 in 1904 to $27,605,968 in 1914, or 83.7 per cent. Iowa was the leading state in the manufacture of butter in 1899, while in 1904 it was surpassed by Wis- consin. In 1909 and 1914 Iowa rai production of this product, Wisconsin and Minnesota ranldng first and second, respectively, in both years. As the manufacture of Jbutter predominated among the dairy industries of the state, it is natural that the tise of cream reported as a material should greatly exceed that of milk, since butter is a cream-consuming branch of the industry. For convenience of trans- portation and ease in handling, it is much more econom- ical and convenient for the farmers to send the cream instead of the mUk to the butter factory. Of late years this has been greatly facilitated by the "hand separator," the use of which has become very general. The output of butter increased from 71,181,766 pounds, valued at $14,330,754, in 1904 to 92,405,806 poimds, valued at $25,011,327, in 1914, the percentages of increase during the decade being 29.8 and 74.5, respec- tively. Of the total quantity of butter manufactured in 1914, the amount packed soHd — ^that is, put up in firkins or tubs — contributed 77 per cent; however, this variety shows a slight decrease during the five-year period 1909-1914, while that in prints or rolls shows a substantial increase. There was a considerable decrease in the productioa, of cheese, during the decade 1904-1914, which de- creased from 2,829,745 pounds, valued at $282,078, in 1904, to 855,198 pounds, valued at $125,171, in 1914; the percentages of decrease being 69.8 and 55.6 per cent, respectively. Printing and pnblishing. — ^Table 24 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue of each of the various classes of newspaper and periodical publica- tions reported for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 24 PEEIOD OF ISSCE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly and tri- weekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly All other classes NUMBER OF PUBUCATIONS. 1911 1909 1901 928 40 738 53 1,004 54 784 1,080 60 864 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. . 1911 4,856,573 587,268 200,666 134,263 1,459,849 2,256,097 8,600 209,830 1909 3,806,253 450,919 169,678 156,926 1,419,709 1,490,861 8,150 110,010 1901 2,747,112 327,211 133,746 188,630 ., 167, 294 846,256 26,600 57,375 From 1909 to 1914 the aggregate circulation per issue for all pubHcations combined increased from 3,806,253 in 1909 to 4,856,573 in 1914, a gain of 27.6 per cent, while there was a decrease of 76 in the num- ber of publications. With the exception of the daily and Sunday papers, which remauied the same, each of the several classes of publications decreased in number during the same period. The circulation for each class increased between 1909 and 1914, with the exception of the semiweeklies and triweekUes. The circulation of the dailies increased from 450,919 to 587,268, or 30.2 per cent; of the Sundays, from 169,678 l\MCPQIS&>'^®r 18.3 per cent; of the weeklies, from 432 MANUS^ACTURES— IOWA. 1,419,709 to 1,459,849, or 2.8 per cent; and of the monthly publications from 1,490,861 to 2,256,097, or 51.3 per cent. In 1914, 50 of the 68 daily papers, with an aggregate circulation of 434,083, were evening editions. Of the 49 publications printed in foreign languages in 1914, there were 2 weeWies in Bohemian; 2 weekhes and 1 semiweekly in Danish; 3 weeklies in Dutch; 2 daUies, 1 Simday edition, 23 weekhes, 3 semiweeklies, and 1 triweekly, in German; 3 weekhes and 1 semi- weekly in Norwegian; 1 weekly and 1 monthly in Swedish; 1 weekly, 2 monthlies, and 1 semimonthly in Enghsh-and-German; and 1 monthly in Norwegian- and-Dianish. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^The following table gives the quantities and values of flour-null and gristmill products for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 2S 1914 1909 19M Products, total value $14,336,676 $12,870,603 $12,099,493 Wheat flour: Barrels 1,488,811 $7,149,334 13,133 $63,461 1,123,875 $41,424 318,590 $1,089,155 16,693,110 $188,080 4,510,962 $125,054 63,857 $1,369,505 99,219 $2,562,961 45,879,016 $1,653,873 $24,460 $69,279 1,523,264 $7,958,975 20,906 $95,019 2,870,980 $97,610 184,301 $582,328 16,416,130 $232,936 1,717,688 Value $8,371,616 Eye flour: Barrels 27,207 Value $110, 796 Buckwheat flour: 3,537,309 Value.... $105,255 Com meal and com flour: Barrels 210,926 Value $463,045 Hominy and grits: Pounds 2,399,265 Value $28, 9M Oatmeal: Value Bian and middlings: Tons 144,969 $3,596,681 Value Feed and oflal: $2,825,836 Value Breakfast foods: Value All other cereal products, value $90,296 $217,958 $204,001 During the decade the total value of products in- creased from $12,099,493 to $14,336,576, or by 18.5 per cent. In 1914 wheat flour represented 49.9 per cent of the total value of products; bran and middlings, 9.6 per cent; feed, 17.9 per cent; corn meal and com flour, 7.6 per cent; and breakfast foods, 11.5 per cent. The amoimt of wheat flour produced has decreased from census to census since 1899, the decrease between 1909 to 1914 amounting to 2.3 per cent. During the same period the quantity of rye flour decreased by 37.2 per cent; and of buckwheat flour, by 60.9 per cent; while com meal and com flour and hominy and grits increased by 72.9 and 1.7 per cent, respectively. Oatmeal and breakfast foods were not reported sep- arately in 1909. The equipment reported for 1914 comprised 863 stands of roUs, 98 rims of stone, and 187 attrition nulls. Digitized by Agricultural implements. — The following table gives in detail, by groups, the value of agricultural im- plements manufactured in Iowa in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 26 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $5,216,245 $4,757,089 $2,692,212 Plows and cultivators 922,599 936,505 446,990 2,875,266 34,885 438,837 1,157,701 65,918 2, 785, 870 318,763 497,435 868,104 277,189 All other products, including parts Amount received for repair work. 1,027,025 22,469 The total value of products for the industry in- creased from census to census, and for the decade 1904-1914 increased from $2,692,212 to $5,216,245, or 93.8 per cent. In 1914, $2,875,266, or 55.1 per cent of the total value of products, represented the items "all other products, including parts." This con- sisted of such agricultural implements as could not be included in the three groups shown separately and parts of all kinds of agricultural implements, to the value of $1,179,360; wagons and engines, $653,650; and aU other products, $1,042,256. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 27, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Iowa for 1914 and 1909. Table 27 Numher of estahlishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDBIES. Number or amount. 1914 176 2,883 186 179 2,618 3,873 $1,784,871 1,331,153 180,634 1,150,519 3,192 104,131 587,627 2,882,005 1909 181 2,468 206 139 2,123 2,941 $1,261,954 913,989 107,500 806,489 3,462 60,971 428,771 2,063,451 Per cent ; ofin- 1909- 1914. -2.8 16.8 -9.7 28.8 18.6 31.7 41.4 46.6 68.0 42.7 -7.8 70.8 37.0 39.7 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. In 1914 Iowa ranked fotirteenth among the states in amount received for work done, fifteenth in number of persons engaged in the industry, and twelfth in number of establishments reported. The statistics indicate a considerable growth in the industry from 1909 to 1914. All the items given show increases, with the exception of number of establishments, pro- prietors and firm members, and amount paid for con- tract work. Establishments controUed by corpora- tions reported the highest proportion of the total amount received for work done — 50.7 per cent — those owned by individuals and those operated tmder other IVIicrosoft® MANUEACTURBS— IOWA. 433 forms of ownership reported 32.5 and 16.8 per cent, respectively, of the total in 1914. Table 28 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number reported in any month of the same year. Table 28 January... February.. March April May June July August September October... November. December. WAGE EAKNEES. Number. 1914 2,457 2,435 2,452 2,476 2,509 2,573 2,605 2,570 2,561 2,524 2,515 2,541 1909 2,030 2,024 2,031 2,053 2,074 2,130 2,195 2,242 2,248 2,180 2,130 2,139 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 94.3 93.5 94.1 95.0 100.0 98.7 98.3 96.9 96.5 97.5 1909 go. 3 90.0 90.3 91.3 92.3 94.8 97.6 99.7 100.0 97.0 94.8 95.2 Table 29 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 29 NTJMBEB OF HOBSEPOWEE. KIND. ENGINES OB MOTOKS. Amount. Percent of in- crease,' 1914 1909 1914 1 1909 1909- 1914. 337 220 3,873 2,941 31.7 132 117 15 205 205 162 143 19 58 58 3,210 3,067 143 663 648 15 2,668 2,557 111 273 273 20.3 Steam 19.9 28.8 142.9 Electric 137.4 Otber Electric— Generated in establishments 126 3 304 13 ' Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 30 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 30 UNIT. QUANTITT. Percent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,* 1909- 1914. Tons, 2,2^ lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs..,.. Tons, 2,000 lbs..... 23 56,924 435 709 6,481 812 44,733 36 710 10,739 -97.2 Tiitntninons coal 27.3 Coke Oil -0.1 Gas ... 1,000 cubic feet —39.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where 1 than 100. GENERAL TABLES. Table 31 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and for Des Moines, the only city having 50,000 inhabitants or more in 1909; and similar data for aU industries combined for Sioux City and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. 82101°— 18 28 Table 32 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, sta- tistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabit- ants, for aU industries combined. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 434 MANUFAOTUEES—IOWA, Table 31.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. aroUSTRT AND CITZ. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. nroUSTET AND aiT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries., Agricultural implements. ArtiBcial stone products . , Awnings, tents, and sails. Boots and shoes Boxes, dgar. Boxes, fancy and paper.. Bread and other baljery products. Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products. Brooms, from broom com Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Buttons. Canning and preserving. Carpets, rag. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by electric -railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5,614 ,5,528 4,-785 6.3,113 61,635 49,481 191,094 155,384 118,065 $39,860 32,542 22,997 $205,451 170,707 102,844 $310,750 259,238 160,572 34 42 30 1,164 1,318 1,027 2,459 2,554 1,741 794 683 470 2,062 2,171 1,357 5,216 4,757 2,692 1914 1909 1904 384 308 27 809 730 70 2,464 1,730 132 602 397 34 951 632 45 2,082 1,569 120 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 19 16 9 9 10 6 92 77 36 389 716 478 69 61 46 35 14 244 318 186 189 137 65 501 1,059 522 339 245 103 845 1,633 854 427 346 263 1914 1909 1904 7 7 10 76 79 114 46 59 • 127 31 26 34 49 54 64 115 112 146 1914 1909 1904 8 6 7 125 128 96 98 64 73 43 33 20 81 57 28 176 128 75 1914 1909 1904 518 495 365 2,182 1,647 1,061 2,041 1,172 433 1,269 846 500 5,166 4,147 2,063 9,151 6,818 3,611 1914 1909 1904 158 245 309 3,163 3,444 2,711 20,081 21,929 14,925 2,169 i;846 1,283 2.021 1,384 867 ■ 6,400 4,947 3,440 1914 1909 40 51 196 240 248 127 111 111 260 331 572 649 1914 1909 1904 490 512 »655 1,333 1,231 1,160 9,048 8,911 9,944 1,013 855 687 24,075 22,842 12,896 27,606 25,850 15,028 1914 1909 1904 81 70 51 2,406 3,172 1,936 3,086 2,809 1,453 1,009 1,412 654 1,473 1,414 534 3,255 4,035 1,601 1914 1909 1904 S64 71 59 1,209 1,247 1,607 4,400 2,989 2,816 438 299 418 2,122 1,568 2,118 3,920 2,549 3,676 1914 1909 1904 24 32 29 79 158 158 103 220 171 41 78 58 23 44 31 104 206 153 1914 1909 1904 93 119 113 994 1,441 1,298 2,120 2,387 1,915 636 828 602 1,903 2,748 1,684 3,437 4,786 3,371 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12 13 3 36 33 40 298 183 120 8,024 6,969 6,372 490 1,273 218 112 . 64 5,988 4.535 3,860 153 90 75 4,734 5,149 3,303 400 231 150 11,434 10,269 7,619 9,337 5,937 5,192 1914 1909 1904 22 28 ■18 954 1,480 1,176 369 479 240 322 425 335 1,065 1,412 1,142 1,670 2,496 1,920 1914 1909 1904 14 19 9 563 876 427 97 123 78 220 304 131 751 885 432 1,220 1,535 762 1914 1909 1904 14 11 8 282 249 92 967 346 147 114 42 2,966 2,098 1,137 3,804 2,661 1,459 1914 1909 1904 6 8 6 234 242 221 414 494 326 145 132 105 386 388 302 720 753 607 1914 1909 1904 42 40 24 1,185 1,032 688 1,391 646 456 506 360 187 2,014 1,703 794 3,278 2,914 1,435 Cooperage. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Dairymen's, poultry- men's^ and apiarists' supphes. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Gas, illuminating and heating. Gloves and mittens, leather. Ice, manufactured Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work.. Mattresses and spring beds. Mineral and soda waters. . Paper and wood pulp.. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Printing and publishing.. Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 71 133 7 17 9 5 9 227 277 276 24 24 21 «364 274 •211 17 11 8 40 44 •35 113 117 60 8 10 34 18 4 «157 67 135 17 19 19 •141 229 139 88 87 36 16 17 12 117 99 77 3 4 4 '94 100 159 1,076 1,110 1,113 •33 33 25 155 249 428 558 585 635 730 130 94 64 790 647 770 1,371 833 977 5,671 5,108 3,221 124 73 59 1,233 1,074 858 768 806 468 195 234 263 192 151 557 600 413 655 495 427 3,302 4,658 4,810 337 315 241 233 242 96 278 232 184 87 205 152 ■ 418 358 260 4,948 4,853 4,317 4,430 4,144 3,104 268 467 778 503 1,925 271 1,012 736 285 88 84 16,388 18,832 20,049 5,238 3,124 2,015 13,022 8,402 4,691 176 91 60 3,302 2,453 1,595 5,394 2,043 970 236 2,045 784 422 380 168 3,982 3,934 2,815 10,147 16,564 17,381 913 514 353 311 174 424 364 278 1,312 P 1,005 642 503 195 6,545 5,527 3,861 10,247 8, ,309 4,273 $79 121 168 334 285 233 395 382 399 806 406 337 3,887 3,085 1,669 38 23 780 606 370 497 380 254 85 94 101 150 101 12 196 421 332 270 2,100 2,356 2,297 268 243 152 144 128 34 168 125 96 54 81 66 229 133 99 3,336 2,591 2,038 2,740 2,190 1,332 (304 560 1,439 1,505 1,529 1,306 966 104 87 74 11,758 10,934 10,317 11,393 7,169 6,400 7,307 6,372 2,653 186 105 1,504 1,336 1,638 1,1M 359 373 358 202 64 16 1,905 1,812 1,429 901 691 6,713 7,141 6,739 719 616 263 455 114 606 294 193 183 281 131 1,667 1,065 806 4,130" 3,287 2,048 67,871 63,127 27,244 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "canning, vegetables," and "pickles and sauces." • Excludes statistics tor two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. . • Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "gas machines and gas and water meters"; "hardware"; "hardware, saddlery"; "plumbers' Supplies, not elsewhere specified"; "pumps, steam and other power"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." • Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmiUs." ' Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 8 Includes "bookbindiog and blank-book making"; "engiaviiig, steel and copper platp, including plateprinting"; and 'lithographing.'! 9 Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and ™0iPffi^^^l3nfyB*^7W/f^/D^O//(R) MANUrACTURES— IOWA. Table 31.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 435 mnUSTBT AND aTT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age ntmi- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod uets. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTEIE&-(>)ntinued. Soap.. Stores, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Tools, not elsewherS^Twci- fled. Wall plaster. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 115 150 137 393 352 134 292 160 125 539 318 270 185 618 484 112 913 452 221 3,648 1,480 2,328 171 58 62 222 72 148 96 68 492 181 163 $976 910 610 409 362 126 440 243 153 193 121 SI, 418 1,382 1,014 1,213 890 310 821 489 367 1,722 739 627 Washing machines and clothes wringers. Woolen goods.. All other industries.-. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 S 8 10 787 657 733 375 341 267 134 246 8,899 6,644 6,573 685 651 812 922 1,101 40,432 18, 191 11,228 $237 178 124 43 54 5,306 3,499 2,471 $703 541 345 236 228 365 26,169 18,363 10,081 $1, 499 1,117 691 319 350 573 40,349 29,422 16,615 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. DESHOHIES— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terrarcotta, and fire-clay products. Carriages and wagons. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Leather goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 384 387 291 15 16 10 as 3 26 25 U6 '10 10 16 5,306 5,383 4,155 238 201 162 445 323 437 106 116 123 60 51 35 39 42 271 335 205 82 104 92 13,978 10,106 299 131 2,600 2,454 224 206 433 271 714 798 $3,560 2,945 2,083 146 106 84 312 198 238 71 75 43 40 17 24 23 195 218 121 $12,275 13,565 8,644 472 404 313 189. 164 16S 281 213 160 82 54 506 653 556 828 185 276 349 281 $23,747 23,585 15, 085 1,070 793 675 823 513 527 329 513 307 173 104 579 757 1,139 1,613 456 440 583 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing . Stoves, hot-air fiunaces, and ranges. Tobacco, cigars All other industries . BlOirX CITY-AU in- dustries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1.914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 ■ 6 17 10 S6 »87 85 a 62 4 5 • 10 14 14 158 173 122 220 136 106 244 169 138 965 863 577 143 115 67 74 107 129 2,639 2,957 2,190 4,753 3,750 2,299 657 415 1,231 931 211 121 7,507 11,646 8,807 $167 100 737 498 327 107 80 40 40 49 64 1,659 1,484 1,005 3,198 2,131 1,263 $906 421 113 1,161 979 426 100 79 42 64 73 61 7,477 9,159 6,701 40, 819 30, 388 11,396 $1,757 653 264 4,501 3,267 1,765 284 131 142 178 190 12,221 14,258. 10,229 49, 479^ 37,425 14,761 ■ Excludes statistics for two estabUshments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Excludes statistics for one estabhshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "automobile repairing;" engines, steam, gas, and water;" gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mUls." * Includes "pocketbooks," "saddlery and harness," and "trunks and valises." 5 Includes "boxes, wooden packing," and "lumber, planing-mill products, not includiag planing mills connected with sawmills." ' licludes "bookbinding and blank-book making" and "lithographing." CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Boone buslington CEDAB RAPID9.. Clinton Council Blotts Davenpost Dubuque Fort Dodge 1914 ■1909 1914 11909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 11909 1904 1914 1909 1904 119 128 109 170 153 134 105 69 83 101 101 71 231 232 173 139 156 156 56 44 42 256 166 2,842 3,191 2,915 4,394 3,565 2,679 2,414 2,153 1,336 1,434 1,001 3,958 4,231 3,840 5,171 5,160 4,274 951 1,115 961 487 313 4,961 5,346 12,534 7,224 8,842 6,391 2,495 1,756 9,121 9,166 9,098 9,623 2,204 $142 1,804 1,723 1,418 2,727 1,869 1,465 1,614 1,273 1,044 935 845 2,402 2,178 1,756 2,926 2,602 1,913 612 421 477 $489 4,507 4,645 2,706 25,948 18, 650 12,280 6,949 4,630 2,646 2,302 1,957 930 10,116 11,571 8,188 9,002 4,706 3,118 1,812 1,702 $908 469 8,158 8,443 5,779 34, 989 24, 824 16,280 10, 427 7,480 4,906 4,279 3,769 1,924 17,173 18, 802 13,696 u.ni 15,249 9,279 4,871 2,975 3,026 Iowa City Keokuk Mabskalltowj Mason City Muscatine Ottumwa Waterloo 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 61 49 44 80 49 142 113 107 93 62 144 108 90 350 282 1,333 1,541 1,533 1,060 1,365 2,054 807 2,397 3,496 2,763 2,447 2,650 2,304 3,483 3,124 1,674 714 814 4,413 3,219 2,388 1,975 17, 158 3,729 5,916 4,660 4,434 4,332 9,583 4,247 $212 143 737 776 674 447 1,481 470 1,166 1,575 1, 114 1,498 1,319 2,537 1,793 885 $571 340 5,150 4,684 2,234 3,338 3,179 2,140 6,784 1,796 3,009 2,738 3,015 18,014 12, 166 8,533 7,813 4,642 2,749 $1,333 805 8,250 7,399 4,226 5,150 4,822 3,090 11,742 2,881 5,999 6,166 5,040 21,300 14,838 10,374 14,126 8,999 4,694 ' Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to make them comparable with those for 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 436 MANUFAOTUEES— IOWA. Table 32.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES HAVING 50,000 INHABITANTS INDtrSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, ISth day oi— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNEBS DEC. 16, OE NEAE- EST EEPKESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Capital. TJHB STATE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 5, 614 Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts.. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and flee- clay products. Brick Sewer pipe and draintile Architectural and fireprooflng tena-cotta. Brooms, from broom com. Butter Buttons Canning, vegetables Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials. Carriages , wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons , Repair work only , Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. * Cars and general shop coHstniotion and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cheese Cleansing and polishing preparations . Clothing , men^s Clothing, women's Coflee, roasting and grinding Coffins , burial cases , and undertakers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage H( ■ hogsheads and barrels.. Another Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Dairymen's ppultrymen's, and apiar rists' supplies. Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water , Flags and banners , Flavoring extracts , Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Fumlshing goods, men's Furniture "Wood, other than rattan and willow. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Gas and electric flxtilres Gas, Uluminating and heating Gas machines Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens , leather Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. 381 10 66 19 i 14 9 7 8 31 518 6 512 158 67 83 8 • 40 474 81 47 24 15 78 71 7 12 36 176 42 134 20 10 10 227 24 225 8 18 199 17 7 36 23 13 6 113 9 6 82,631 1,650 1,346 49 313 142 120 145 433 91 160 255 3,237 828 2,409 3,648 1,400 1,987 261 295 2,254 2,622 1,035 110 223 1,180 1,133 47 320 8,616 24 50 1,007 670 428 280 2,030 1,463 567 194 90 104 816 147 117 17 1,548 106 32 1,294 1,894 3,908 447 994 2,467 198 589 1,271 614 657 30 1,084 44 41 5,421 3,469 7,890 2,738 43 458 15 79 17 2 12 1 5 6 582 582 166 56 294 78 34 24 IS 102 92 10 187 28 159 22 11 11 94 2 10 3 9 2 2 268 21 202 8 19 175 15 3 16 6 10 12 5 76 58 1 16 14 5 11 9 8 12 7 90 22 68 168 66 92 10 12 173 48 71 3 13 34 32 2 13 254 252 15 30 207 23 10 55 231 9 3 22 26 2 3 1 222 115 107 120 71 41 21 448 53 13 2 5 196 196 317 1 11 63 59 103 25 200 173 27 6 2 4 73 65 217 10 5 116 375 259 13 34 212 13 33 4 162 4di%> 136 12 2 10 10 4 161 32 129 31 9 18 4 21 18 130 7 8 115 23 10 63,113 1,164 809 29 200 92 109 91 389 76 125 210 2,182 659 1,523 3,163 1,193 1,740 196 1,274 2,406 904 79 185 809 774 36 298 8,024 11 17 880 663 282 234 1,619 1,185 334 155 72 558 83 94 10 1,197 85 17 790 1,371 3,065 404 903 1,758 124 638 1,106 518 18 768 An 67,845 De 60,661 Mh 1,332 Je 1,146 Au4 33 Au 228 Je 152 No Ja Go Je No My 127 102 446 83 144 258 Se 729 1,595 Au 1,649 Jy 2,041 Au 282 My Je Fe Au My 1,418 3,073 4,351 99 Ap 209 Mh & Jy 35 318 Oe 8,562 Oe Au Se Fe Se Ap 425 244 Se 1,344 Au4 441 Au Je Je Mh Se Fe Ja« 102 621 629 118 104 15 ,Ta 1,455 No 120 l7o 18 860 Se 1,667 Jy 431 OC 1,051 Ap 1,906 De 176 Ap 678 Ap No Ja< Je« No 549 716 19 844 30 33 Se 39 Oc , Ja Fe Fe Ja Fe< Oca Mh Fe< Jy 341 26 172 53 85 338 71 110 No 167 Ja 612 Mh 1,463 De 664 Fe 1,261 Ja 149 Se* 192 Mh 1,117 Jy 1,791 Fe 93 Fe 55 OC 154 No 647 35 279 Ja 7,527 Mh* Fe« No No Ja Je 9 15 815 476 223 228 Jy 1,078 Fe 246 Mh No Ja No Ja Au 62 484 298 8 De* De 764 Ja 57 Del 16 My 732 My 1,186 De 351 Je 706 De 1,536 Au 84 No 461 Jy My De* Fe ^7 Je Se 168 Ja 26 494 521 17 693 22 m 1,200 1,158 34 209 125 96 443 82 136 273 2,230 672 1,658 3,770 1,544 1,978 203 1,469 2,815 180 764 729 35 315 8,121 13 17 1,024 529 239 236 1,712 1,326 387 149 70 79 538 349 844 88 18 3,010 355 972 1,683 175 552 1,136 608 628 19 756 28 33 182 « 1,197 1,154 27 209 53 87 57 240 27 247 1,632 326 1,306 3,753 1,527 1,978 248 163 1,290 1,988 1,888 67 176 744 709 35 313 8,118 10 13 62 116 130 192 732 413 319 149 70 79 518 314 73 76 844 14 7 757 994 2,963 355 942 1,666 89 61 1,122 496 626 17 756 31 177 807 1,434 9 4 18 18 (») 35 30 38 184 54 99 10 570 341 229 1 1 4 948 411 108 41 944 879 65 74 11 82 358 41 465 107 (») 7 2 2 4 16 42 35 1 m 33 19 $233,128,642 6,629,619 1,938,948 69,035 328,171 186,867 80,162 161,021 462,515 101,166 187,808 603,821 4,299,672 1,487,422 2,812,250 11,526,216 5,115,801 5,854,305 666,110 477,088 5,143,627 3,410,367 3,422,945 58,945 591,443 4,000,430 3,972,110 28,320 1,228,736 11,097,661 43,993 68,185 982,592 713,459 1,752,091 900,689 2,928,306 1,988,729 939,577 298,618 168,798 139,820 1,585,671 1,766,087 379,263 256,769 6,400 6,596,806 48,117 81,677 6,556,460 8,174,330 10,341,436 407,230 ^,388,243 7,645,963 308,939 583,491 2,927,062 1,493,114 1,433,948 49,366 20,286,524 102,978 14,954 675,689 121,270 1 Owned power only. 5 Includes rented ^^MM-or ntymr tiioTi oi««f-j» MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 437 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. N Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials* Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 16,317,313 200,809 83,162 , 1,825 ■21,392 14,481 14,392 20,107 14,060 10,044 13,762 7,273 145,632 44,839 100,793 247,449 92,906 139,693 14,850 19,779 181,052 97,195 86,858 3,550 21,975 78,895 75,295 3,600 11,946 352,448 1,620 16,900 52,154 39,744 56,671 35,326 123,430 88,934 34,496 9,927 6,827 3,100 81,734 48,200 22,105 10,350 81,094 9,320 4,700 161,059 151,641 461,463 37,714 63,167 360,582 32,095 18,981 £3,004 3S,320 6,050 140,761 8,012 780 22,812 4,610 19,993,502 339,859,510 331,864 7,730 1,480 10,366 11,680 4.740 37,050 24,071 3,520 5,868 2,646 282,757 138,206 144,551 122,706 50,179 59,170 13,357 32,062 202,821 80,470 14,480 1,110 8,004 256,423 256,423 3,530 303,043 900 18,880 49,823 84,039 192,364 52,322 269,644 238,768 30,876 7,445 2,445 5,000 94,191 47,058 21,802 15,564 415,818 8,596 19,412 206,705 505,520 363,229 13,206 38,845 311,178 15,333 37,626 95,141 59,964 35,177 4,095 144,429 5,455 936 70,091 794,195 501,927 20,093 161,630 45,664 67,560 49,758 244,411 30,975 43,238 106,504 1,268,843 295, 175 973,668 2,169,312 802,693 1,202,741 163,878 111,231 973,980 1,008,660 298,321 41,065 102,382 533,241 502,620 30,721 217,979 5,987,971 5,680 11,259 300,070 219,608 146,962 144,662 720,614 506,486 214,128 79,122 36,096 43,026 386,435 232,686 53,685 58,299 6,224 925,012 25,452 9,670 485,693 806,251 2,142,806 283,366 643,961 1,215,479 82,411 174,550 319,830 360,659 10,937 497,439 16,935 14,667 85,272 22,124 8993,326 $1,328,171 935 8,545 520 5,160 23,707 2,492 21,215 32,076 10,538 21,137 400 100 283,248 16,836 10 1,020 1,020 5,867 '377 477 50 100 100 50 50 19,922 2,679 390 50 'i,'655 4,180 581 3,599 '95,'763' 13,049 13,049 20 1,793 850 1,920 9,718 2,962 27,301 10,632 687 7,663 3,000 1,248 4,808 1,386 128,353 1,870 126,483 4,958 2,699 2,259 3,285 18,011 11,838 4,617 4,042 3,350 21,352 18,190 3,162 2,075 13,123 6,170 15,165 3,900 64,466 33,324 31,142 609 514 95 25,845 4,515 7,508 2,538 1,200 15,032 1,700 1,669 15,251 2,859 48,191 1,200 1,898 45,095 10,939 3,672 7,949 1,300 6,649 2,748 3,323 3,090 2,059 2,340 J2, 227, 623 40,103 9,675 300 2,202 1,226 453 1,096 2,527 1,027 872 1,823 34,799 10,725 24,074 61,878 18,227 29,511 4,140 2,743 35,260 11,538 18,544 3,918 19,969 19,733 226 12,881 63,564 994 7,019 3,468 11,215 6,531 20,360 14,662 5,798 2,011 779 1,232 6,893 6,288 1,472 657 19 1,073 44,642 40,031 60,224 4,650 15,706 29,868 3,159 6,370 16,013 11,224 4,789 278 188,229 73 8,412 8197,670,079 1,988,874 909,216 20,491 166,864 187,264 35,957 66,543 490,502 47,463 78,172 356,068 4,977,120 1,406,102 3,571,018 600,222 153,951 300,009 '46,262 254,778 23,349,291 1,429,670 1,215,179 19,366 331,322 1,536,762 1,487,934 47,818 119,947 4,383,629 98,033 61,770 1,040,292 741,969 2,949,351 378,656 3,012,322 1,962,236 1,050,086 299,971 156,594 143,377 1,425,729 1,288,217 313,431 1,179 1,274,620 61,565 59,703 11,576,690 11,242,413 4,078,078 399,664 1,234,667 2,443,857 180,879 581,272 1,258,569 762,085 496,484 17,309 573,557 27,212 17,497 355,008 U\gmem\/ Mb 87,781,260 62,960 41,453 1,826 10,773 2,217 1,223 10,433 1,272 2,743 2,126 27,947 160,656 1,520,601 478,846 928,768 112,987 5,160 252,996 43,114 24,796 3,190 6,689 28,806 27,534 1,272 32,958 349,996 1,364 1,335 11,282 8,872 16,728 7,725 87,792 51,356 36,436 3,807 1,376 2,431 13,660 17,140 2,488 2,466 813 45,488 1,049 616 181,046 150,553 192,553 15,473 71,073 106,007 4,624 6,300 40,261 20,023 20,238 411 1,064,274 910 832 3,808 $310,749,974 $105,298,636 1 191, 094 6,216,245 2,081,894 67,862 536,348 339,203 148,068 254,047 844,671 115,377 176,360 521,232 9,150,514 2,309,799 6,840,715 6,400,065 2,052,326 3,866,554 481,175 572,496 27,028,255 3,254,771 2,077,242 104,171 543,531 2,893,185 2,789,011 104,174 399,951 11,433,988 122,506 138,024 1,619,777 1,220,222 3,804,124 720,187 5,086,438 3,277,884 1,808,554 520,784 223,864 296,920 2,488,875 1,923,040 623,564 234,760 15,358 3,585,946 121,211 114,316 14,336,576 15,459,961 9,306,145 837,396 2,428,034 6,040,715 437,058 1,201,295 2,452,059 1,450,660 1,001,399 48,049 4,065,908 84,156 43,824 626,254 ■omt 3,164,411 1,131,225 46,935 358,721 149,722 111,552 186,281 343,736 66,642 95,445 163,038 3,984,791 876,750 3,109,041 4,379,232 1,419,529 2,637,777 312,558 3,425,968 1,781,987 837,267 81,615 205,520 1,328,627 1,273,643 55,084 247,046 6,700,463 23,109 74,919 568,203 469,381 838,045 1,986,324 1,264,292 722,032 217,006 65,894 151,112 1,049,486 617,683 307,645 147,545 13,366 2,265,838 58,597 53,997 2,578,840 4,066,995 5,035,514 422,369 1,122,294 3,490,851 251,555 613,723 1,153,229 668,552 484,677 30,329 2,428,077 56,034 25,495 267,438 ^ 46,824 2,459 2,464 34 277 100 30 427 2,041 473 1,568 20,081 7,585 11,344 1,152 248 8,870 3,086 3,876 103 546 1,574 1,530 44 9,337 76 71 334 97 967 414 2,850 1,391 1,459 268 106 162 503 1,012 22 25 1,881 17 32 16,388 5,238 8,600 859 3,418 4,323 176 158 3,098 1,351 1,747 28 '6,394 146 94 241 126,385 862 846 •100 80 ■"25' 412 473 125 16,906 6,006 10,119 782 104. 7,278 2,565 3,361 375 8,211 300 375 1,534 1,006 528 229 100 129 126 746 10 8,451 1,190 3,189 645 1,050 1,494 1,565 1,182 4,770 9,117 212 824 6 85 11 81 81 661 181 370 10 25 697 199 101 25 25 167 149 18 16 32 247 1,264 69 1,021 312 709 12 3 361 5,538 4,806 17 50,054 1,395 794 28 187 58 30 347 40 67 24 1,360 1,360 2,596 1,384 119 895 322 414 78 146 613 487 26 490 1,084 66 260 87 661 1,216 23 6 17 471 640 20 804 17 22 1,867 3,979 4,390 214 2,056 2,120 84 158 1,524 165 1,369 25 256 26 146 64 52,718 370 1 412 318 94 1,021 100 871 50 275 40 204 55 231 4,792 305 289 16 32 30 2 15 2,353 777 744 574 170 142 142 > No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." i Same number reported for one or more other months 'Same number reported throughout the year. 438 MANUFACTURES— IOWA. Table 32.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES HAVING 50,000 INHABITANTS NDU3TKY AND alY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDC3TKY. WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 16, CE NEAR- EST BEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. TotaL Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Hale. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 Hand stamps. Hardware Ice, manufactured . Jewelry Liquors, malt Lituographing Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace gobds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds. Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Pickles and sauces Poultry, kijling and dressing. .;.«... Friqting and publishing, book and Job. lob prrntiiig Book publishing and printing. . . Linotype work, typesetting Printing and pubUsMag, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printmg, publishing, and Job printing. Fubllsliing without printmg Refrigerators Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boatbuilding. SUrts Signs and advertising novelties Electric signs and advertising novelties. Other signs Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Stationery good^, not elsewhere speci- fied. Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus. Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. . Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere Toys and games — Trunks and valises . Wall plaster Washing machines and clothes wringers. Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Woolen goods All other industries * 6 15 14 624 7 6 7 543 ■ 24 36 15 34 268 14 37 18 7 192 ^ 16 77 15 4 1 3 54 17 673 3 48 60 7 555 3 168 8 17 5 138 18 ISO 20 5 3 122 92 3,722 69 135 401 147 2,970 88 533 107 31 44 14 337 16 277 13 15 11 5 233 5 43 4 2 1 3 33 117 511 150 29 42 12 278 9. 27 7 1 1 18 9 83 5 5 13 14 46 4 42 3 8 4 2 25 3 95 5 2 • 1 87 73 1,219 72 79 651 125 292 19 379 19 25 8 1 326 8 133 18 7 48 17 43 17 372 12 18 29 8 305 35 608 33 21 49 24 481 182 1,889 1,740 197 109 147 133 1,303 1,229 166 177 96 125 113 10 105 13 9 21 20 42 6 44 7 4 1 32 874 5,899 951 311 729 511 3,397 33 870 22 57 261 107 423 768 4,769 872 224 399 315 2,959 73 260 57 30 69 89 15 4 153 2 11 7 6 127 150 871 171 33 100 21 546 5 10 3 24 22 82 7 13 1 17 9 74 2 3 2 17 91 15 5 5 9 57 7 60 3 5 5 7 40 10 28 31 6,430 12 -27 2 93 17 4,413 82 815 8 184 8 11 43 7 US 5 22 7 2 1 12 4 101 2 8 25 66 17 4 516 117 7 1 30 7 61 8 25 6 393 95 13 399 6 23 53 19 298 16 352 12 22 54 9 255 298 2,123 325 45 71 20 1,662 14 '344 13 19 15 5 292 4 58 6 4 5 2 41 7 7 19 720 6 2 28 n 599 75 18 14 501 2 33 70 21 375 9 192 10 11 6 5 160 5 160 99 6,061 5 108 1 179 93 5,028 570 176 Ja» Mh {^ Ap Fe 162 Jy ■ 3,180 617 305 56 655 156 My Mhs 358 242 Au 52 Au My De Ap» Ap Mh Je Fe« Se 416 21 31 97 301 459 47 524 De 1,243 De 1,320 Fe 1,158 ^ 48 De3 40 37 Jy» 29 Mh 438 De 3,096 No My De (0 Ap Mh 148 611 17 13 97 De 53 No» 18 De 5,141 Oo 126 No 23 Fe 76 Fe 116 Oc 338 Jy 345 No Ja Ap Jas Au Mh Oc My i 1,713 320 48 14 707 445 172 104 No» De Ja Ja Ja SO 504 119 Au 62 Ja 2,513 Fe 282 De' 224 My 21 De 191 De» 17 Ap » De Jy De» 1& 45 20 61 280 162 41 222 247 Jy 407 Jy 2,859 Je» Se Jy (<) Ja« No a 12 102 476 17 7 11 Ja 28 Ja3 16 Se 3,987 Fe • 107 Mh> 8 56 Au Je Fe 270 156 Fe 1,621 Jy 266 De Des Ja No Ja De 36 10 451 296 145 70 510 232 55 540 139 220 2,798 353 227 47 24 93 305 389 41 244 1,071 1,405 1,330 40 35 3,569 431 3,122 16 128 601 17 10 87 74 55 123 20 72 402 101 301 238 1,726 302 42 11 606 327 84 453 231 45 522 110 220 2,782 283 18 14 155 931 984 925 28 31 2,629 357 2,260 12 125 591 16 10 4 43 19 4,462 91 12 72 397 98 299 236 935 271 14 11 606 319 106 67 26 85 125 339 373 12 4 851 57 792 2 3 9 1 313 32 7 731 31 28 12 54 t8,227 l,16Sj276 1,927,992 86,502 6,354,272 257,102 113,816 9,335,368 1,045,042 567,709 16,761 912,189 55,960 135,651 155,409 2,704,151 809,303 303,513 1,222,404 918,463 3,634,376 3,303,860 262,047 68,479 9,796,471 1,380,322 8,191,030 225,119 359,969 2,970,083 35,417 37,476 26,229 123,249 78,980 44,269 18,472,896 882,303 19,262 419,103 1,287,863 267,809 1,020,054 1,022,864 1,504,255 710,762 39,452 35,401 3,340,159 1,199,325 472,458 350,296 33,415,921 * AH other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Aluminum ware 2 Artificial limbs 3 Automobiles ^ 3 Baking powders and yeast 2 Belting, leather 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products. . 6 Brushes, other than toilet and paint . 2 Butter, reworking 3 Card cutting and designing 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . 2 Cement 4 Chemicals 2 Condensed milk, and inillr products, other than butter and cheese 3 Corsets 1 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Dental goods 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing ,-,■-. 1 Explosives. /0/«*f+-?:'to^®©^# and barrels.... 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Fertilizers. 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products 6 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Furnishing goods, men's i 1 Gas fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and beating. 1 MAJ^UFAOTUEES— IOWA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, ANB FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914r-Continued. 441 EXPENSES. Valueof products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec-. trie horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials, Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 "Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $995,693 216 26,873 46,470 12,801 12,316 10,360 18,860 53:788 6,980 53,040 5,150 41,313 66,907 67,847 9,060 874,670 77,674 172,462 24,534 10,200 2,915 18,628 3,280 331,926 $1,369,932 380 50,249 32,905 31,292 58,564 10,405 13,830 52,138 3,150 107,783 3,571 140,249 51,673 36,643 15,030 294,954 98,558 170,287 26,109 26,560 2,125 1,800 447,420 $3,559,638 7,078 146,339 311,555 71,276 111,145 42,622 23,958 121,610 23,550 131,774 11,296 64,216 163,932 139,200 24,732 477,423 119,471 356,754 1,198 61,510 21,091 106,681 40,217 1,632,466 $139,232 12,395 3,132 260 600 500 160 6,097 4,327 1,770 100,587 10,867 89,720 148 300 'i5,'663' $199,003 120 15,254 487 3,030 9,563 4,119 4,040 10,903 1,764 6,519 4,000 4,609 23,090 20,604 2,486 27,601 8,146 14,075 5,380 3,932 1,803 6,620 3,640 68,009 $234,038 $11,385,576 324 5,895 5,441 3,016 1,688 421 1,845 5,227 607 6,331 231 4,108 3,419 3,128 291 12,804 3,029 9,537 238 3,638 50 2,410 12,392 164,291 9,255 570,563 126,955 160,936 244,412 158,569 497,578 304,290 41,201 818,752 26,068 221,836 168,585 160,434 8,l5l 826,297 223,089 588,021 15,187 267,817 21,295 93,925 64,352 6,762,890 225 20,200 186,236 3,602 20,312 1,125 ■ 8,761 10,985 1,230 6,587 1,425 3,342 9,255 7,864 1,391 5,615 18,630 30 1,320 307 6,224 118 584,307 $23,746,551 25,049 1,069,836 823,405 329,456 650,832 306,689 578,693 724,497 100,485 76,492 841,913 717,324 629,054 88,270 3,380,727 738,312 2,309,365 333,060 424,418 58,387 439,121 112,008 11,533,368 111,471,139 15,669 479,072 510,214 164,918 286,108 146,995 72,354 409,222 58,054 798,523 48,999 616,735 539,484 460,756 78,728 2,530,165 509,608 1,702,704 317,843 155,281 36,785 338,972 77,638 4,186,161 13,978 48 299 2,600 224 194 40 433 439 30 438 12 246 241 221 20 917 286 631 54 7 211 2 7,543 9,099 40 64 2,103 150 25 100 205 'iso' 4 210 140 "146' 50 '5'878' 236 181 15 15 4,628 235 482 74 40 325 214 18 308 8 36 234 214 20 777 286 491 64 7 161 2 1,484 742 20 Hardware, other than builder's hard- ware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Hats,ftir-felt 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Ice, manuf^ured 2 Jewelry 4 Leather,tanned, curried, and finished 2 Liquors, malt 1 Lithographing 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Lubricating greases 1 Lumber and timber products 2 Marble and stone work 4 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Millinery and lace goods .' 2 Mirrors, framed and unf ramed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Mucuage and paste 3 Optical goods 2 Paints 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photographic apparatus 1 Pickles and sauces 1 Focketbooks 1 Printing materials 1 Refrigerators 1 Regaua, and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials, other than m^l. . 1 Scales and balances 2 Shirts 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soap 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 3 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Trunks and valises 2 Windmills 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. 1 Woolen goods 1 $436,604 $1,295,778 $3,198,267 $29,729 $189,817 $270,279 $40,164,251 $664,451 $49,479,444 $8,660,742 11,646 8,910 2,644 3,194 12,440 2,771 12,040 7,738 11,660 15,821 1,300 13,672 2,529 8,820 14,402 23,022 31,496 3,944 1,560 267,309 1,248 39,203 105 51,655 27,017 4,259 5,688 7,910 800 19,290 3,300 24,040 26,332 21,922 114,070 3,684 562 945,693 152,993 13,379 9,509 61,744 51,978 24,126 69,112 8,829 119,968 13,524 13,445 8,778 64,109 206,926 32,859 29,259 2,288,444 500 100 400 674 8,472 9,422 10,261 3,648 9,409 1,200 2,505 2,380 4,712 3,788 4,446 1,170 642 1,660 3,380 12,318 7,212 3,113 2,652 125,582 259 3,647 191 1,061 2,906 407 346 936 757 3,883 849 903 317 2,455 4,431 568 8,044 238,820 20,122 573,612 19,522 384,919 409,690 110,491 221,515 72,816 11,939 19,511 43,778 203,602 146,536 275,603 99,687 38,243 37,288^683 365 26,114 992 2,243 4,702 1,502 1,321 5,992 698 5,350 974 1,395 677 4,505 11,411 675 316 585,219 77,747 949,509 45,233 497,240 558,441 205,823 411,466 221,041 43,691 462,391 61,193 104,895 290,353 343,855 861,045 177,446 96,100 44,071,975 67,260 349,783 24,719 xJ10,O78 144,049 93,830 188,630 142,233 31,054 233,059 40,708 59,722 86,074 192,814 574,031 77,084 57,541 6,198,073 10 201 16 88 140 47 10 218 82 525 133 34 74 96 727 9 9,236 130 SO 80 126 335 8,165 24 61 10 71 16 88 90 47 10 211 2 400 133 24 59 72 392 9 1,010 40 142 30 200 161 2,631 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Ice, manumctuied 2 Jeweby 2 Liquors, malt 2 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Millinery and lace goods 3 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Oil, linseed 1 Optical goods 2 Papergoods,notelsewherespecified.. 1 Pens, fountain and stylograpMc. 1 Perfumery and cosmetics v-i-- 1 Photographic ipjBSfta^ w-^fl- -O-l A Photo-engravm^.Uy^ urn Pickles and sauces 1 Poultry, killing and dressing 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, small boats. . . 1 SJjwts ,,-^^- 1 packing 6 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Stoves and ranges i Structural iron work, not made in steel works or rolling nulls 3 Trunks and valises 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 • Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. 442 MANUFACTURES— IOWA. Table 32.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES HAVING 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EABNEBS DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST EEPEESENTAirVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL IND0STEIES COMBINED. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Boone Bdblington Cedae Eapids.. Clinton CoTJNcn. Blotts Davenpoet Dubuque FoET Dodge Iowa Citt Keoku£ Maeshaixtown. Mason Citt... . Muscatine Ottumwa Wateeloo 33 365 39 2a 22 23 256 119 3,361 92 159 211 57 2,842 170 5,669 137 223 666 249 4,394 105 3,179 Ti 134 223 70 2,679 • 101 1,702 85 77 156 48 1,336 231 5,292 270 243 563 2,58 3,958 139 6,109 117 175 467 179 6,171 56 1,247 4S 44 ISO 54 951 61 590 74 33 92 41 350 85 2,046 78 76 487 72 1,333 61 1,381 47 79 161 34 1,060 60 2,374 36 77 156 SI 2,054 142 2,800 143 75 114 71 2,397 8S 2,882 81 79 220 35 2,447 144 4,469 121 192 398 275 3,483 Se Oo Oe Oo An Oe Se My Fe De Se 2,920 4,762 2,838 1,556 4,085 5,293 1,074 494 1,403 1,205 2,226 2,684 2,805 3,794 Fe 240 Ja 2, 731 My 4,093 Ja 2,478 Ta 1,164 Jy 3,695 My 5,085 Ap ""- Mh Ja Ta Fe Se De 1,221 953 1,711 2,087 2,218 2,934 265 2,804 4,475 2,786 1,416 4,307 6,266 958 496 1,454 1,094 2,111 2,681 2,719 3,495 157 2,244 3,739 2,382 1,098 3,212 4,146 700 332 1,141 1,005 2,050 1,992 2,1«0 3,194 106 522 684 376 294 1,062 1,062 240 162 57 653 623 298 S87S,001 7,206,978 20,322,150 8,068,069 3,693,272 13,413,118 13,280,728 3,828,988 1,576,295 4,240,690 3,619,692 10,423,217 6,088,747 6,624,704 14,115,481 ' Owned power only. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— IOWA. 443 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 133,039 236,722 498,487 256,513 131,169 455,382 383,004 99,437 51,242 140,428 125,495 154,035 166,637 146,049 385,814 S30,734 293, 124 869,980 256, 876 236,499 685,444 542,117 210,062 121,454 540,504 234,467 212,244 161. 102 264; 734 668,478 $141,801 $11,897 $10,320 1,803,725 3,301 29,709 2,726,826 91, 169 72,741 1,614,157 2,939 17,216 935,498 8,108 15,438 2,402,275 11,585 107,096 2,926,248 149,202 49,796 611,931 4,131 19,704 212,266 4,725 16,106 736,604 .17,689 16,720 693,085 8,567 17,841 1,480,964 21,009 16,307 1,165,969 26,169 30,776 1,497,504 300 150,178 2,536,760 8,368 51,681 $5,329 100, 857 123,804 74,430 27,915 291,088 324,638 27,867 26,129 46,898 16,358 64,603 29,335 102, 280 72,841 $45.9,108 4,364,972 25,404,701 6,685,918 2,179,588 9, 845, 160 7,942,897 2,998,961 525,307 5,069,719 3,248,400 5,274,155 2,918,261 17,831,630 7,579,240 $30,022 141,817 542,930 262,705 122,376 270,581 245,415 119,495 45,462 80,032 89,705 1,509,969 90,419 181,951 233, 549 $908,073 8,158,349 34,988,838 10, 427, 432 4,279,165 17,172,963 14, 714, 143 4,871,421 1,333,106 8,250,274 5,149,858 11,742,456 5,999,485 21,299,929 14, 126, 178 $418,943 3,651,560 9,041,207 3,478,809 1,977,201 7,057,222 6,525,831 1,752,965 762,337 3,100,523 1,811,753 4,958,332 2,990,805 3,286,348 6,313,389 487 4,961 12,534 8,842 2,495 9,121 9,098 2,930 714 4,413 2,388 17,158 5,916 4,434 9,583 110 4,098 6,169 7,809 1,418 5,147 5,702 1,790 412 1,892 1,332 16,062 5,266 2,347 3,192 76 80 61 134 271 70 193 68 48 30 12 236 192 479 650 377 786 6,284 982 943 3,703 3,326 947 234 2,473 1,019 1,084 414 1,895 5,272 877 4,187 4,110 204 1,316 1,047 658 279 158 22,792 1,190 140 1,225 ' Includes rented power, other than electric Digitized by IVIicrosoft® y- -\ !- V Digitized by IVIicrosoft® KANSAS. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Kansas was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1861. With a gross area of 82,158 square nules, of which 81,774 represent land surface, it ranks thirteenth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,470,495, and in 1910, 1,690,949, and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,785,000. In total population Kansas ranked twenty-second among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked thirty-third, with 20.7 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 18. The urban population in 19i0 — that is, the popu-, lation residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 493,790, or 29.2 per cent of the total, as against 22.5 per cent in 1900. There were in the state, in 1914, 15 cities, each with an estimated popu- lation of more than 10,000 : Atchison, Chanute, Coffey- viUe, Fort Scott, Hutchinson, Independence, lola, Kansas City, Lawrence, Leavenworth, Parsons, Pitts- bui^, Salina, Topeka, and Wichita. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year represented 21.2 per cent of the estimated total population of Kansas, reported 69.3 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The rail-transportation facilities of Kansas are good, especially in the eastern half ofithe state. Its total steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 9,257 and its electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are available) was 430. Agriculture is the leading industry. In 1909 the total value of farm crops was $214,859,597, of which ,750,803 was contribulied by corn and $74,052,291 by wheat; and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during the year was $137,923,252. Kansas ranked second among the states in that year in production of wheat, with 77,577,115 bushels, or 11.4 per cent of the total yield in the United States, seventh in production of corn, and fourth in value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms. The total mineral production of Kansas in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was valued at $25,866,351, the leading products being bituminous coal, natural gas, and petroleum. The state ranked eleventh in the output of its coal product, fifth and tenth, respectively, in the production of natural gas and petroleum. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Kansas' manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $323,234,194, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries Was 41,259. The state ranked sixteenth in the former respect and thirty-third in the latter, while the corresponding rankings in 1909 were fourteenth and thirty-third. The output of manufactured products of the state in 1914 represented 1.3 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the correspond- ing proportion for 1909 and 1904 were 1.6 per cent jand 1.3 per cent, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state of Kansas for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Niamber of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . , Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANUTACTUKraG INDUSTEIE3. 3,136 52,032 3,247 7,526 41,259 179, 146 $163, 789, 752 34,982,745 9,013,208 25,969,537 235, 490 2,036,762 261,147,990 323,234,194 62,086,204 1909 3,435 54,649 3,571 6,863 44,215 213,141 $156,090,067 33,255,308 7,351,348 25,903,960 310,603 1, 555, 991 258,883,706 325, 104, 002 66,220,296 1904 2,475 42,057 2,766 3,721 35, 570 99,441 $88,680,117 22„575, 562 3, 692, 491 18,883,071 186, 988 '739,816 156, 509, 949 198,244,992 41,736,043 1899 2,299 m m 3,612 27,119 68,242 $59,458,256 15,925,317 3,123,221 12,802,096 P) 120,737,677 154,008,544 33,270,867 PER CENT OF INCREASE. 1 1909-1914 -8.7 -4.8 -9.1 9.7 -6.7 -15.9 4.9 S.2 22.6 0.3 -24.2 30.9 0.9 -0.6 -6.2 1904-1909 1899-1904 38.8 29.9 29.1 84.4 24.3 114.3 76.0 47.3 99.1 37.2 66.1 65.4 64.0 58.7 7.7 3.0 31.2 45.7 49.1 41.8 18.2 47.5 29.6 28.7 25.4 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. * Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. The table shows substantial increases for the five- year periods 1899 to 1904 and 1904 to 1909, but decreases are shown for the latest five-year period 1909-1914. The number of estabhshments decreased 8.7 per cent, the average number of wage earners 6.7 per cent, and the value of products six-tenths of 1 per cent. The shght loss in the value of the manufactured products is due in large part to the decrease in two industries, slaughtering and meat packing and the smelting and refining of zinc. Changing conchtions affecting the (445) Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 44G MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. source of supply and the gradual decline in the pro- duction of natural gas probably are the economic reasons for these losses. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- aiges of increase fpr the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PEK CENT OF INCEEASE.l Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Ayerage number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- Uon. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 3,136 41,259 100.0 $323,234,194 100.0 562,086,204 100.0 -6.7 24.3 31.2 -0.6 64.0 28.7 -6.2 58.7 25.4 Slaughtering and meat packing Flour-mill and gristmill products Cars and general shop construction andrepairs by steam-railroad com- panies 26 360 37 6X 13 120 769 5 472 9 63 29 101 64 9 115 16 82 6 36 16 117 3 16 3 37 62 93 4 41 42 8 7 6 5 11 282 9,884 2,367 8,865 761 890 2,033 2,784 8n 1,001 1,002 767 1,216 634 241 467 272 546 191 364 165 413 360 87 103 239 177 167 160 179 190 183 140 147, 42 71 64 3,286 24.0 5.7 21.6 1.8 2.2 4.9 / 6.7 2.0- 2.4 2.4 1.9 2.9 1.5 0.6 1.1 0.7 1.3 0.5 0.9 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 8.0 151,647,123 72,894,736 12,889,361 10,219,813 8,922,718 7,027,145 6,881,977 6,258,613 3,914,365 3,161,900 2,441,130 1,963,307 1,794,797 1,431,829 1,334,269 1,203,262 887,034 841,705 728,681 721,835 678,744 663, 106 623,819 623,102 609,736 630, 150 529,372 522,158 492, 121 455,618 448,612 447,316 442,899 396,365 393,127 314, 704 18,907,647 46.9 22.6 4.0 3.2 2.8 2.2 2.1 1.6 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.8 15,696,680 8,662,664 6,592,122 1,509,338 1,737,757 2,762,589 4,574,203 1,045,168 1,693,669 1,763,098 1,061,589 1,318,328 1,287,367 715,851 673,396 499,400 355,093 465,840 627,091 273,266 329,401 376,940 200,262 264,235 206,626 247,231 290,395 302,228 237,897 240,078 208,720 202,925 126,392 104,943 95,064 161,204 6,299,375 26.3 13.9 10.6 2.4 2.8 \.\ 1.7 2.7 2.8 1.7 2.1 2.1 1-2 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 8.5 -6.7 -0.1 15.3 118.7 174.7 -3.6 12.8 28.9 24.0 -15.9 16.7 30.3 10.8 4.8 -8.3 6.5 15.2 68.3 118.8 18.7 71.6 62.9 -2.8 53.9 24.5 97.1 69.0 8.0 -11.4 7.7 10.3 34.7 37.9 -4.2 67.7 S6.4 39.6 62.^ 18.2: 60.7 14.J 16. ft Butter, cheese, and condensed milk... PfltrnlfliiTTi, TAfiniTig Foundry and macfiine-shop products. 34.7 22.8 69.6 22.3 53.9 37.6 -65.5 11.2 -63.2 -21.9 -33.2 6.9 -27.4 43.8 200.1 31.6 1.1 150.2 68.6 64.7 "'ie.'g' 98.9 107.9 -51.6 14.0 -32.5 -24.8 -16.4 22.9 131.3 20.6 -1.3 84.4 217.4 77.5 22.5 149.6 116.4 -1.5 90.0 90.2 "62.'6" 163.4 198.5 111.9 66.6 -47.2 17.3 -43.6 -9.4 -27.0 16.1 91.4 14.7 -22.4 68.5 196.0 51.2 23.4 151.8 74.0 -0.3 129.5 86. ft Bread and other bakery products Cement 74.2 157 6- Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- Ice, manufactured 217 1 Patent medicines and compounds and 131 2 Salt 3.6 -19.8 33.8 -33.7 -74.6 -14.3 16.9 Leather goods Clothing, men's, including shirts Marble and stone work 75.9 23.6 99.9 22.8 41.0 -11.7 -64.2 57.2 93.1 112.4 186.7 19.5- -18.1 -61.4 85.6 68.3 126.0 168.1 Glass Confectionery (ice cream) -13.3 -30.1 20.0 -2.8 -26.1 16.2 -10.5 -26.2 12 4 Food preparations, not elsewhere -46.6 -64.3 179.8 61.6 -29.4 -3.9 -51.5 111.2 68.8 -13.9 -10.9 7.9 127.8 184.8 -22.'2' 310.9 -21.0 119.7 146.0 31.1 -24.8 -3.6 9 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 356.7 Mineral and soda waters ^ Carriages and wagons and materials. . Brooms, from broom corn -22.8 57.8 -11.4 -9.3 16.0 32.9 -14.0 42.1 -3.2 -12.1 65.1 32.1 -15.8 39.3 -16.5 -26.3 39.7 41.7 27.4 -21.7 '-e.'s" 71.1 -6.0 83.7 34.3 63.8 4.9 22 4 Coffee, roasting and grinding Pickles and sauces Agricultural implements -49.2 20.0 -14.6 -6.6 2094.4 -22.2 8.9 2614 S All other industries 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 32; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figure* can not be given. y A large part of the manufacturing of the state de- pends on the products of agriculture. The combined value of the products of the flour-mill and gristmill and slaughtering and meat-packing industries repre- sented 69.5 per cent of the total for the state. Separate statistics are presented for 36 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceeding $150,000,- 000, 1 with products valued at more than $70,000,000, 2 with products between $10,000,000 and $15,000,000, 4 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 8 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 20 with products between $300,000 and $1,000,000. Am.ong those included under the head of "aU other in- dustries," are a number having pri»ducte.^pi58ei in value some for which figures are sftowti iiTri but the statistics for these can not be shown sepa- rately without the possibility of disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments. These industries are soap; poidtry, kiUing and .dressing; cars, steam- rafiroad, not including operations of railroad com- panies; smelting and refining, lead; sugar, beet; fer- tilizers; brass, bronze, and copper products; oil, lin- seed; chemicals; and sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. The most important of these industries is the manufacture of soap, ranking fifth in the state as measured by the value of its products. The industries in the table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. itering and meat-packing industry ranked state in value of products, niirnber of MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. U7 wage earners employed, and value added by manu- factiire. The flour-miU and gristmill . industry was second in value of products and value added by manufacture but .fourth in nimiber of wage earners. Steam-railroad repair shops ranked third for both value of products and value added by manufacture and second in average number of wage earners. But- ter, cheese, and condensed mUk, though ranking fourth in value of products, held a much lower place in value added by manufacture and mmiber of wage earners. Petroleum refining, sixth in the value of its products among the industries in the state, ranked seventh in value added by manufacture and ninth in average number of wage earners. The foundry and machine- shop industry ranked seventh in value of products but fifth in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Printing and publishing, eighth in value of products, ranked third and fourth, respec- tively, in nimiber of wage earners and value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries, slaughtering and meat packing, flour-miU and gristmiU products, and steam-railroad repair shops held the same rank, in value of products at both censuses. Dairy products, petroleum refining, and fotmdry and machine-shop products, ranking fourth, sixth, and seventh in 1914, were sixth, tenth, and eighth, respectively, in 1909. • For the remainder of the industries, slight changes are noticeable from the earlier census to the later. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Although there was a large decrease in the volume of business during the period from 1909 to 1914, it is still by far the most important industry in the state, due chiefly to the fact that Kansas is one of the leading stock-raising states of the country. In 1914 the state reported 9.2 per cent of the total value of products of the slaughtering and meat-packing in- dustry of the United States, and at the last four cen- Euses only one state, lUinois, ranked ahead of Kansas in this respect. The importance of the industry in the state is indicated by the fact that in 1914 it gave em- ployment to 9,884, or 24 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and reported products valued at $151,647,123, or 46.9 per cent of the total value of products for all manufacturing industries in the state. The industry is confined almost entirely to Kansas City, $133,826,338, or 88.2 per cent of the entire product for the state, being reported from that city. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^This industry does not include custom mills grinding exclusively for toU or local consumption. It is second in importance among the industries of the state, and although the number of establishments decreased 141 diu-ing the last five-year period the value of its W'Wi^'fthZ&SI^'^b^ The loss in establishments was due chiefly to the aban- donment of the smaller gristmills connected with grain elevators. The increase in value of products amounted to $4,418,326, or 6.5 per cent, the value added by manufacture increased 7.7 per cent, whUe the average number of wage earners decreased one- tenth of 1 per cent. Oars and general shop construction and repairs ly steam/-railroad companies. — This industry represents the work done in the car shops operated by steam- raihoad companies and consists of general repairing to rolling stock and equipment. It does not include the minor repairs made in roundhouses. The statis- tics for 1914 show a general increase over 1909. There was an average of 8,865 wage earners employed, showing an increase of 15.3 per cent. The value of products amounted to $12,889,361, an increase of 15.2 per cent, while the value added by manufacture, $6,592,122, was an increase of 10.3 per cent over that reported for 1909. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^Although re- porting only one more establishment in 1914 than in 1909, this industry shows considerable growth. The average number of wage earners increased from 348 in 1909 to 761 in 1914, or 118.7 per cent. The value of products in 1914 was $10,219,813, showing an in- crease of 68.3 per cent over the amount for 1909, while the value added by manufacture increased 34.7 per cent. Petroleum, refining. — ^At the censuses of 1899 and 1904 there was but one establishment in the state en- gaged in petrolexmi refining. In 1909 there were 18 establishments reporting products valued at $4,077,225 and in 1914, though the number of establishments had decreased to 13, the value of the products had increased to $8,922,718, or 118.8 per cent. The average number of wage earners employed in 1914 was 890, as compared with 324 in 1909, an increase of 174.7 per cent. Foundry and machine-shop products. — ^This industry shows substantial growth in the value of its products for each census period since 1899. Although for the period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners and the value added by manufacture both show slight decreases, 3.6 per cent and 4.2 per cent, respectively, the value of the products increased 18.7 per cent. Printing and publishing. — ^This industry includes bookbinding and blank-book making as weU as all establishments engaged in printing and publishing. In 1914 there were two establishments engaged in engraving steel and one in Uthographing, but the statistics for these have been excluded in order to avoid disclosing individual operations. Although three lithographing establishments were included in 1909 the exclusion in 1914 of the three establishments men- tioned has little effect ^n the comparability of the y^kSF^SCifP^^^^^^^J shows increases for the decade 448 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 1904-1914, but for the five-year period 1909-1914 there were decreases for each item shown in Table 2. Smelting and refining, zinc. — ^Although this industry- shows a decided decrease since 1909, it is still one of the important industries of the state. The average number of wage earners employed decreased 55.5 per cent, the value of products decreased 51.6 per cent, and the value added by manufacture, 47.2 per cent. The decrease since 1909 is undoubtedly due to the diminished production of natural gas upon which the industry depends for fuel. The volume of business for the smelting and refining of zinc in this section is apparently shifting to Oklahoma, which shows a much greater natural gas product and, since 1912, a decided increase in the production of spelter. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distrib- uted also by age. The sex and age classification of the average mmiber of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 52,032, of whom 41,259, or 79.3 per cent, were wage earners, 4,879 were proprietors and officials, and 5,894 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 37,718, or 91.8 per cent, were males, and 3,365, or 8,2 per cent, were females. Correspond- ing figures for individual industries wUl be found in Table 33. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUMNQ INDU3TKIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent ol total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 52,032 54,649 47,462 50, 156 4,570 4,493 91.2 91.8 8.8 8.2 4,879 5,506 4,733 5,348 146 158 97.0 97.1 3.0 2.9 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried officers of corporations . Superintendents and managers . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 3,247 3,571 626 559 1,106 1,376 5,894 4,928 41,259 44,215 3,122 3,440 514 644 1,097 1,364 4,862 3,970 37,877 40,838 125 131 12 15 9 12 1,042 958 3,382 3,377 96.2 96.3 97.7 97.3 99.2 99.1 82.3 80.6 91.8 92.4 3.8 3.7 2.3 2.7 0.8 0.9 17.7 19.4 8.2 7.6 41,083 43,980 176 235 37,718 40,643 169 195 3,365 3,337 17 40 91.8 92.4 90.3 83.0 8.2 Under 16 years of age 7.6 9.7 17.0 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANIIPACTOKING INDUSTEIES. Per cent of increased 1909-1914. Total. -4.1 -11.4 -9.1 -5.9 -19.6 19.6 -6.7 -6.6 -25.1 Male. Female. -5.4 -11.5 -9.2 -5.5 -19.6 22.2 -7.3 -7.2 -18.6 1.7 -7.6 -4.6 0.1 0.8 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 9.4 6.2 1.0 2.1 11.3 79.3 79.0 0.3 100.0 10.0 6.5 1.0 2.6 9.0 80.5 0.4 Male. 1911 1909 100.0 1.1 2.3 10.2 79.8 79.5 0.3 100.0 10.6 6.8 1.1 2.7 7.9 81.4 81.0 0.4 Female. 1911 1909 100.0 3.2 2.7 0.3 0.2 22.8 74.0 73.6 0.4 100.0 3.5 2.9 0.3 0.3 21.3 75.2 74.3 0.9 ^ A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows a decrease for the five-year period in the total, as well as in each class, with the exception of clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. In each case the male employees show greater per- centages of decrease than the female. Wage earners over 16 years of age formed by far the largest class, 79 per cent, of the total niimber of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 80.5 per cent in 1909. The number of wage earners of both sexes decreased 6.7 per cent between 1909 and 1914, the males show- ing a decrease of 7.3 per cent but the females an increase of one-tenth of 1 per cent. rThe -largest per- centage of decrease shown in the tabJKrotijrYML T»er cent for wage earners under 16 years of age, but as this class formed but four-tenths of 1 per cent of the total in 1909 the decrease is not specially significant. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earlier census. (§ee "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison accord- ing to occupational status. , The only class of persons engaged in manufacturing which showed increases for both census periods was salaried employees. The other classes show increases fior..tiie j>e£)&d 1904-1909 but decreases for the later MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 449 Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IS MANTJFAtTUKINQ INDUSTEIES. CLASa. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total , 52,032 54,649 42,057 100.0 100.0 100.0 -4.8 29.9 Proprietors and firm members ^ Salaried employees , . . 3,247 7,526 41,259 3,571 6,863 44,215 2,766 3,721 35,570 6.2 14.5 79.3 6.5 12.6 80.9 6.6 8.8 84.6 -9.1 9.7 -6.7 29.1 84.4 Wage earners (average) . . ; — 24.3 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 All industries.. Bread and other bakery products.. Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and flre-clay prod- ucts. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies. Cement Clothing, men's, including shirts Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Glass Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Petroleum, refining. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing.. Smelting and refining, zinc ...... Tobacco, cigars All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAKNEES. num- ber.! Per cent of total. 16 years of age and oyer. Male. 41,259 44,215 35,570 1,001 900 1,216 1,819 761 348 8,865 7,686 1,002 2,143 546 408 2,357 2,360 2,033 2,110 413 357 364 1,435 634 767 982 324 2,784 467 451 9,884 10,591 811 1,821 360 415 6,104 6,240 Fe- male. 91.4 8.2 91.9 7.5 90.4 7.6 82.0 81.8 99.9 82.4 87.4 100.0 100.0 8.2 11.0 99.4 98.2 99.9 100.0 99.5 98.9 98.6 96.1 92.0 9.7.4 100. 98.8 70.4 67.1 95.5 95.8 91.9 92.5 100.0 100.0 47.8 55.9 86.9 86.2 16.9 17.2 17.5 12.4 m 91.8 89.0 0.6 0.9 0.1 0.5 0.6 1.4 3.3 0.3 0.3 1.6 0.2 0.9 27.3 45 4.2 8.1 7.4 51.1 42.4 12.5 12.2 Un- der 16 years 0.4 0.5 2.0 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 s 0.6 'o.'e 0.3 6.4 2.4 2.3 1.7 0.1 0.1 1.1 1.7 0.6 1.6 > For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see "Explanation of jtarms.'! . - i i •Less than one^enth oil per cent. UIQIUZQU UV 82101°— 18 29 ^ -^ For all industries combined, male wage earners over 16 years of age formed 91.4 per cent of the total num- ber in 1914. This was a slightly increased proportion as compared with 1904 when they formed 90.4 per cent, but a decrease compared with 1909. The pro- portion of females, though showing a decrease for the earlier period, increased both for the decade and the period 1909-1914. Children under 16 years of age represent decreased proportions of the total num- ber of wage earners at each successive period, forming 2 per cent in 1904, five-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909, and four-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914. Of the 18 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 7 show an increased proportion of males and 9 an increased proportion of females for 1914, as com- pared with 1909. Only 3 industries show an increase in the proportion of children, while 5 of the industries that gave employment to wage earners under 16 years of age in 1909 reported no employees in this class for 1914. Though men generally predominated as wage earn- ers in the industries, in the manufacture of men's clothing in 1914, a little over nine-tenths of the wage earners 16 years of age and over were women, and in the manufacture of cigars, although the proportion was much smaller, the females outnumbered the males. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 15 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city except lola. Three of the cities show slight decreases from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over and three show increases in the proportion of females 16 years of age and over. Hutchinson shows the greatest increase in the employment of females, reporting 216 in 1914 as compared with 44 in 1909, an increase of 390.9 per cent. Most of the cities reporting this class show de- creases, from census to census, in both number and proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age. In Kansas City, the most important manufactur- ing city in the state, the percentage of males 16 years of age and over increased from 91.7 in 1909 to 92.2 in 1914, and durii^ the same period the percent- age of adult females decreased from 7.9 to 7.3 per cent. This is the only city employing a considerable number of wage earners under 16 years of age, and although 66 were employed in 1914 as compared with 51 in 1909, there was a decrease of 286, or 81.2 per cent, for the A/»e?^sJS^!@i9i4. 450 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. Table 7 AVERAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EARNERS TO MANOTACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years ol age. Per cent of total OTT. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 684 131 497 422 1,006 123 142 13,095 478 1,233 1,040 1,078 420 4,828 1,705- 824 798 688 89 480 320 785 119 64 12,076 359 1,128 951 1,048 302 4,325 1 418 682 647 93 19 17 101 216 4 78 953 118 102 88 29 118 490 287 135 135 3 23 7 16 86.0 67.9 96.6 76.8 78.0 96.7 45.1 92.2 75.1 91.5 91.4 97.2 71.9 89.6 83.2 82.8 81.1 13.6 14.5 3.4 23.9 21.5 3.3 54.9 7.3 24.7 8.3 8.5 2.7 28.1 10.1 16.8 16.4 16.9 0.4 17.6 0.8 2.G Chanute Cofleyrille 1895 266 667 1224 "'244' 510 1856 201 620 1183 "'225' 463 140 65 44 39 95.5 75.6 93.0 81.7 '92.'2' 90.8 4.5 24.4 6.6 17.4 Fort Scott 14 42 1 5 "'3' 2 5 5 5.7 8.2 0.2 0.5 '6.'4' 0.9 2.0 1.0 HiitcWnsoTi lola 12,294 422 n,305 1,130 972 10,629 402 1,321 ""919' 11,268 277 1,162 1,074 952 9,344 275 1,148 "'876' 975 141 130 56 19 833 112 102 "'25' 66 1 3 1 1 61 4 13 352 15 71 91.7 65.6 89.0 95.0 97.9 88.7 68.4 86.9 'os.'s' 7.9 33.4 10.0 5.0 2.0 7.9 27.9 7.7 "i'?" 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.9 1.0 '6.'i' 3.3 3.7 6.4 lieavenworth PMSons Pittsburg 1 18 2.0 anHna Topeka 4,244 11,790 3,953 1,262 3,743 11,455 3,491 1,105 488 1332 417 139 13 13 13 45 18 88.2 81.3 88.3 87.6 11.5 18.5 10.5 11.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 \ 1 Wichita 1.4 r 'Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the oorporata limits of the city. s Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because certain estabUshments revised their reports for that year. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE m AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.l crer. Period. Total. 16 years ol age . and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -14.3 -17.0 3.3 -44.6 73.0 58.6 9.0 97.3 50.8 30.8 -45.1 24.4 6.5 16.8 18.9 13.3 6.0 -6.7 -5.5 -1.2 -8.0 17.3 10.9 5.8 22.1 13.8 7.4 36.1 -4.7 41.8 -9.1 -13.8 5.4 -43.9 42.2 59.2 -10.7 69.5 26.6 33.9 -35.0 29.2 7.2 20.6 30.6 29.6 0.7 -1.7 -2.9 1.2 -11.5 19.6 10.1 ■ 8.7 23.9 15.5 7.2 28.3 -2.5 31.7 -31.1 -31.1 Cofleyville Fort Scott HntcTiiTisnTi Independence ...... Kansas City 14 4 -2.3 17.0 6.4 -16.3 25.9 -81.2 Lawrence ■"-85.'5 -21.5 27.5 Pittsburg Topeka 17.5 0.4 17.0 106.5 -13.6 138.8 Wichita lA minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 58.6, is shown for Fort Scott; the next highest, 50.8, for. Hutchinson, and the third highest, 13.8, for Topeka. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage e,arners employed on .the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative '^fff^wi^imm 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month: Table 9 January February.., March , April May June July August..., September. , October November . December.. WAGE EARNERS DT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number. 1 1914 40,351 39,748 39,986 40,170 40,681 41,295 42,361 41,834 42,288 42,750 42,290 41,354 1909 41,337 41,621 42,554 42,697 43,462 44,411 44,075 44,817 46, 105 46,679 46,664 46,228 1904 33,408 33,350 34,240 34,840 35,627 35,668 34,568 36:344 37,920 37,730 37,112 36,133 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 94.4 88.6 93.0 89.2 93.5 91.2 94.0 91.5 95.2 93.1 96.6 95.1 99.1 94.4 97.9 96-0 9a 9 9a 8 100.0 100.0 98.9 99.8 96.7 99.0 1904 8ai 87.9 90.3 91.9 94.0 93.8 91.2 95.8 100.0 99.5 97.9 95.3 1 The figures lor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative, day; those lor 1904, the average number em- ployed during tbe month. / For the three census periods the fall months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appear- ing for October in both 1909 and 1914 and for Sep- tember in 1904. The minimum number was employed in February in 1904 and 1914 and in January in 1909. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum numbers in any one of the three census years was 5,342 in 1909, when the minimum number repre- sented 88.6 per cent of the maximum. In 1914 the nainimum number was 93 per cent of the maximum. Table 10 gives the total average -number of wage earners employed during 1914 together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, fbr a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 15 cities ^gAjB^ulation of more than 10,000, inhabitants. MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 451 Table 10 ■WAGE EAKNERS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by it'ilic figures. 1 industry' AND CITY. Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on the 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. imm- mum is of maxi- mum. 41,259 40,351 89,7^8 39,986 40,170 40,681 41,295 42,361 41,834 42,288 42,760 42,290 41,354 93.0 1,001 1,216 761 8,865 1,002 546 2,357 2,033 413 364 634 767 890 2,784 467 9,884 811 360 6,104 26,882 951 1,102 724 8,044 5ffr 627 2,H8 2,005 446 519 S04 71S 1,048 2,750 475 11,015 827 SSI 5,705 26,936 944 1,056 683 8,0S6 728 638 2,194 2,014 437 520 327 722 1,039 2,780 445 10,298 854 356 5,677 26,103 MS 1,289 ers 8,117 1,117 556 2,265 2,012 sse 515 368 750 1,011 2,818 474 9,739 902 362 5,689 25,715 954 1,353 683 8,083 1,162 542 2,213 2,095 410 508 570 766 987 2,806 466 9,314 842 353 6,063 25,eJi2 983 1,389 817 8,364 1,137 513 2,162 2,137 424 486 750 785 998 2,780 460 9,119 853 367 6,157 25,765 1,005 1,437 846 8,847 1,262 J,77 2,192 2,151 411 152 921 819 878 2,751 482 9,259 850 366 6,189 26,555 1,008 1,320 757 9,777 1,346 542 2,332 2,163 407 9B 1,004 800 839 2,767 477 9,330 812 361 6,227 27,323 1,013 1,331 782 9,758 1,141 510 2,564 2,165 405 101 1,019 793 801 2,725 491 8,981 719 363 6,172 26,979 1,034 1,270 741 9,748 991 521 2,684 2,022 408 129 918 777 779 2,783 436 9,523 782 363 6,379 27,580 1,056 1,154 817 9,409 1,083 551 2,607 2,025 395 130 639 766 752 2,825 10,359 792 365 6,691 28,219 1,066 1,018 870 9,248 829 661 2,457 1,809 404 565 447 757 766 2,802 466 10,890 738 359 6,238 28,129 1,055 87S 739 8,949 631 514' 2,460 1,798 423 651 341 756 782 2,821 498 10,781 761 354 6,161 27,638 88.5 Brick, tile, terrarcotta, and fire-clay products 60.8 77.4 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by 82.2 Cement ■» 44.4 Clothing^ men's, including shirts 74.8 80.0 Foundry and niachine-sfLop products . . 83.0 Furniture. . . 86.5 Glass 14.1 29.8 T/nmher "-"fl t>"it>Ar products 87.1 71.8 Printing and pnhlisbinfr 96.5 Salt..,..*........!:^ 87.1 81.5 SmpU-'PE f^T^ rAfiTii"c, 'l^c- . 79.7 95.6 A 1] ot-Tiflr iTiflnstriAR 86.1 90.9 ATCHI90N 684 131 497 422 1,006 123 142 13,095 478 1,233 1,040 1,078 420 4,828 1,705 684 129 533 443 1,022 94 190 13,833 451 1,224 742 ^'364 4,611 1,571 686 135 538 450 940 98 175 13,130 447 1,256 727 1,051 S60 i,5Sl 1,579 681 146 553 453 972 94 90 12,731 496 l.W 775 1,072 369 4,534 1,609 643 148 552 448 920 96 92 12,433 523 1,306 71S 1,061 390 4,599 1,719 «S4 151 596 434 938 106 99 IB,S77 497 1,302 739 1,067 395 4,718 1,742 636 136 539 403 952 105 102 12,515 524 1,301 1,057 1,087 424 4,974 1,800 653 127 435 426 894 109 150 12,911 '629 1,261 1,361 1,095 452 5,109 1811 660 126 449 401 994 99 153 12,698 494 1,159 1,302 1,101 455 6,142 1,746 720 124 462 sse 955 103 149 13,161 484 1,224 1,319 1,103 468 6,137 1,775 758 120 464 402 1,119 88 168 13,813 470 1,228 1,296 1,090 463 5,022 1,718 730 118 442 402 1,228 243 167 13,874 420 1,213 1,254 1,088 456 4,798 1,696 723 112 m 406 1,138 241 169 13,664 401 1,182 1,196 1,076 444 4,761 1,694 83.6 74.2 77.5 Fort Scott 87.4 Hutchinson , 72.8 36.2 lOLA 47.4 89.2 Lawrence 75.8 Leavenworth 87.3 Parsons.. ... i 52.3 94.7 Sat.twa 76.9 TOPEKA . 88.1 Wichita 86.7 ■ i Of the selected industries, glass, while comparatively a small industry in respect to the number of wage earn- ers employed, shows the greatest degree of fluctua- tion. The number employed during the period from June to October, 1914, indicates a decided curtailment of operations, the number reported for July being but ^4.1 per cent of that for December. The greatest sta- bility in employment is shown lor printing and pub- lishing, the minimum number fomung 96.5 per cent of the maximum. Of the 15 cities, Independence shows much the greatest fluctuation, the minimum number forming 36.2 per cent of the maximum, whUe Pittsburg shows the least fluctuation, the proportion the minimum formed of the maximum being 94.7 per cent. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for all in- dustries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitaiits. The number employed in each estab- lishment is classified as a total, even though a few em- ployees worked a greater or less number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 20,124, or a little less than one-half of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week, while but 13,957, or about one-third, were so employed in 1914. In 1909 the establishments op- erated 48 hours or less per week, employed 4,218 wage earners, or 9.5 per cent of the total number, as com- pared with 7,194, or 17.4 per cent, in 1914. Among the separate industries, printing and pub- lishing shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 67.1 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabUshments where the hours of labor were 54 or less per week, but in 1914 the proportion so employed had increased to 92.5 per cent. Of the 26,882 wage earners; the total average num- ber for the 15 cities in 1914, 14,344, or 53.4 per cent, were in establishments where the prevailing hours were Digitized by Microsoft® 452 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. less than 60 per week, and only 2,614, or 9.7 per cent, were employed in establishments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. Persons shows the lar- gest proportion of wage earners in the class working the shortest number of hours, 854, or 82.1 per cent of the 1,040 wage earners being employed in. establishments operating not more than 48 hours per week. Table 11 Census, year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 64. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 41,259 44,215 7,194 4,218 1,315 3,520 6,583 6,679 4,863 3,148 13,957 20,124 5.846 4,056 761 975. 740 1,495 Bread and Other bakery products. . . 1,001 900 1,216 1,819 761 348 8,865 7,686 1,002 2,143 546 408 2,357 2,360 2.033 2,110 413 357 364 1,435 634 593 767 982 890 324 2.784 3,232 467 451 9,884 10,591 811 1,821 360 415 6,104 6,240 26,882 151 85 78 58 25 15 2,778 336 8 9 239 153 80 57 176 5 70 3,003 41 22 36 460 477 1,022 1,642 150 82 487 3,519 27 308 48 77 1,377 1,131 1,227 1,171 310 307 81 58 14 73 7 23 62 Putter, C-hP'^.S'^, f.TifI pjinHp.nsfid millr 22 1 2,504 380 217 2,881 828 616 1,366 7 22 1 6 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 145 88 271 469 239 151 61 131 136 12 18 15 90 831 9 10 22 42 200 32 1 32 25 9 14 82 34 17 489 620 85 22 97 166 21 45 66 2 6 154 275 403 282 2 23 477 639 2 ■pnnndry fti^d maohiio-shop prodnctiS , ^ . 122 13 35 39 142 126 273 106 65 459 482 278 150 160 442 328 281 5,759 6,442 180 140 5 47 75 271 1 302 9 3 272 134 321 572 29 2 8 46 40 40 4 1.848 1,264 3 13 739 371 55 579 720 5 81 147 184 48 608 Salt 5 1 90 117 3,384 834 2 2,941 272 3 Smelting and refining, zinc 285 295 6 6 1,683 1,495 3,972 220 879 34 216 222 259 775 405 4,623 184 16 88 1,743 3,003 9,924 247 Tobacco, cigars... 54 10 312 112 497 62 52 981 759 5,252 458 186 1,965 128 39 368 "H 241 281 684 131 497 422 1,006 123 142 13,095 478 1,233 1,040 1,078 420 4,828 1,705 91 46 52 148 112 30 34 772 123 120 854 628 51 1.017 545 76 11 167 11 21 40 19 34 3 3,801 41 40 47 49 82 545 352 161 86 41 264 28 380 44 55 6,231 254 831 85 344 133 540 608 33 6 4 178 184 12 67 12 75 20 17 3 3 Chanute 4 35 46 Foe r Scott 8 27 176 91 lOLA . . 3 197 28 9 47 687 16 205 35 1,248 16 14 3 37 58 103 69 85 74 8 6 16 2 38 35 6 18 58 38 50 TOPEKA.... 2,550 60 Wichita 15 Location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Kansas were centraUzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. In compariag the statistics given in this table, it must be remembered that Ch&nute, ^!fi^Jt4W^Qklb¥, having a population of 10,000 or more in 1914, were included in the districts outside at prior censuses, while Coffeyville, Hutchiason, Independence, and Par- sons first appeared among the cities of 10,000 popu- lation in 1909. Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. i53 Table 12 Number of places.. Population' Number of establishments . Average number of wage earners. . Value of ptoducts Value added by manufacture Census year. .1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 Aggregate. 1,784,897 1,690,949 1,470,495 3,136 3,435 2,299 41,259 44,215 27,119 $323,234,194 325,104,002 154,008,544 62,086,204 66,220,296 33,270,867 CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OVER. Total. Number or amount. 379,040 303,843 187,605 1,082 1,038 613 25,033 16,790 $224,163,258 215,484,804 100,861,326 39,345,489 36,942,479 18,371,347 Per cent of aggre- 100.0 100.0 100.0 21.2 18.0 12.8 34.5 30.2 26.7 65.2 66.6 61.9 69.3 66.3 65.5 63.4 55.8 65.2 10,000 to 25,000 Number or amount. 12 9 7 172,695 125,378 102,579 521 448 364 7,264 6,705 4,433 $32,110,239 23,316,322 12,481,445 9,.668,935 8,184,585 4,144,702 Per cent of aggre- gate. 80.0 75.0 77.8 9.7 7.4 7.0 16.6 13.0 15.4 17.6 15.2 16.3 9.9 7.2 8.1 15.4 12.4 12.4 26,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 3 3 2 206,345 178,465 85,026 561 590 259 19,628 18,328 12,357 $192,053,019 192,168,482 88,379,881 29,776,554 28,757,894 14,226,645 Per cent of aggre- 20.0 25.0 22.2 11.6 10.6 5.8 17.9 17.2 11.3 47.6 41.4 45.6 59.4 69.1 67.4 48.0 43.4 42.8 DISTRICTS 0T7T.SIDE OF CITIES HAVING A POP- ULATION OF 10,000 OR OVER. Number or amount. 1,405,867 1,387,106 1,282,890 2,054 2,397 1,686 14,377 19,182 10,329 $99,070,936 109,619,198 63,147,218 22,740,715 29,277,817 14,899,620 Per cent of aggre- gate. 78.8 82.0 87.2 65.5 69.8 73.3 34.8 43.4 38.1 30.6 33.7 34.5 36.6 44.2 44,8 ' Census estimate of population for 1914, The table shows that for 1914 the cities, which rep- resented 21.2 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 34.5 per cent of the establishments, 65.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and 69.3 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts. The three cities having a population of more than 25,000 gave employment to almost half, 47.6 per cent, of the wage earners of the state and reported more than half, 59.4 per cent, of the value of the man- ufactured products. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 15 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value, of products iu 1914, 1909, and 1904 is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Kansas City 13,095 4,828 1,705 1,006 1,233 684 497 420 478 1,040 1,078 422 131 142 123 12,294 4,244 11,790 667 n,305 824 1895 10,529 3,953 1,262 'i,32i 798 $159,700,168 20,684,520 11,668,331 5,609,497 4,776,223 3,898,620 3,788,259 3,761,662 2,909,962 2,372,301 2,168,880 1,580,275 495,638 407,336 341,596 $164,080,607 17,820,761 110,267,114 3,613,960 M, 659, 289 4,404,813 13,831,858 $96,473,050 14,448,869 Wichita 7,389,844 Leavenworth Atchison 4,151,767 3,829,272 Cofffi-vvillfl Salina 422 1,130 972 266 402 919 244 1,663,488 1,626,272 1,816,866 1,010,033 658,254 Pittsburg 1,493,946 Fort Scott 786,672 tola Independence 1224 1699,753 1 Figures do not agree with thosei published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only lor those establishments located within the corporate limits of ihe city. , . ^ , ,. , ' Figures do not agree with those published inl909 because certam establishments revised their reports for that year. Of the eight cities for which figures are given for the three census periods, six show increases in value of products for each five-year period. The value of the manufactures in eight cities increased between 1909 and 1914, and two cities which show decreases for this period increased during the decade 1904-1914. Kansas City was the leading manufacturing city in the state at each census period, reporting products valued at a little less than one-half of the state total in 1914. This city shows an increase in the value of products from 1904 to 1914, but a decrease during the period 1909 to 1914. The average number of wage earners shows a general increase for the three periods. The principal industry was slaughtering and meat packing, which formed 83.8 per cent of the total prod- ucts of the city and 88.2 per cent of the total for the state for this industry. Other important industries in the city, given in the order of importance, are as follows: Soap; flour-miU and gristmiU products; foun- dry and machine-shop products; and cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. In Topeka the leading industry was flour-mill and gristmill products, which reported 22 per cent of the total value of products for the city. Steam-railroad repair shops, slaughtering and meat packing, and the manufacture of butter are the other important in- dustries. These together reported products valued at $10,146,010, or nearly one-half (49 per cent) of the total value of products for the city. The steam-rail- road repair shops gave employment to 2,516 wage earners, or 52.1 per cent of the total average number for the city. Wichita shows an increase in value of products and a slight decrease in the average number of wage earn- ers for the period 1909 to 1914. The flour-mill and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 454 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. gristmill industry was by far the most important, re- porting a value of products of $6,487,986, or over one- half of the total for the city. Some of the other impor- tant industries were printing and publishing, lumber and timber products, and bread and other bakery products. In the remaining cities, with the exception of Par- sons, Pittsburg, Chanute, lola, and Independence, the manufacture of flour-mill and gristmill products was by far the most important industry as measured by value of products. Other industries of importance in these cities are: In Hutchinson, the manufacture of butter and salt; in Leavenworth, foundry and machine- shop products and furniture; in Atchison, foundry and machine-shop products and saddlery and harness; in Coffeyville, refining petroleum and making brick and tile; in Salina, roasting and grinding of coffee and slaughtering and meat packing; in Lawrence, the man- ufacture of paper; and in Fort Scott, the steam-rail- road repair shops follow the flour mills and gristmills in importance. Steam-raUroad repair shops furnish the chief industry in Parsons and Pittsburg, while the manufacture of butter is promiaent in Parsons, and of brick and tile in Pittsburg. In Chanute and In- dependence the foundries and machine shops fur- nish the chief industry, while in lola the principal industries are confectionery and men's clothing. Independence shows a considerable decrease since 1909 in the value of its manufactures, in large part due to the diminished supply of natiu-al gas, which fur- nished almost entirely the fuel for manufactiu'ing. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents sta- tistics concerning character of ownership, or legal or- ganization, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU in- dustries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904;' for selected industries statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE op PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NtJMBEK OP ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDUSTBY AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vidu- als. 1,907 2,006 1,409 Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- porar tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vidu- als. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 19Q9 639 723 464 690 706 612 41,259 44,216 35,570 4,835 6,765 4,346 33,991 35,938 28,348 2,433 2,622 2,877 11.7 13.0 12.2 82.4 81.3 79.7 5.9 5.7 8.1 1323,234,194 326,104,002 198,244,992 $18,455,306 22,694,827 16,224,123 $287,697,026 285,637,061 164,565,576 $17,081,862 16,772,114 17,456,293 5.7 7.0 8.2 89.0 87.9 83.0 6.3 6.2 8.8 Bread and other bakery- products. 402 356 6 6 64 73 1,001 900 674 671 179 186 148 144 67.3 63.4 17.9 20.6 14.8 16.0 3,914,365 3,432,564 2,634,665 2,318,61(9 652,696 531,613 627,004 582,332 67.3 67.5 16.7 15.5 16.0 17.0 1914 1909 5 5 21 42 3 8 1,216 1,819 1176 17 1,041 1,743 "■"■59 14.4 0.9 86.6 96.8 ""3.'2 1,953,307 2,336,438 1227,377 24,380 1,725,930 2,248,418 11.6 1.0 88.4 96.2 and'fire-clay products. £3,640 2.7 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 20 22 26 19 16 19 761 348 34 39 668 274 59 35 4.5 11.2 87.8 78.7 7.7 10.1 10,219,813 6,070,634 269,479 545,853 8,892,103 4,866,992 1,058,231 657,789 2.6 9.0 87.0 80.2 10.4 10.8 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 142 226 119 134 99 141 2,357 2,360 260 392 1,767 1,676 330 392 11.0 16.6 75.0 66.8 14.0 16.6 72,894,736 68,476,410 5,211,923 8,252,272 58,562,532 50,174,354 9,120,281 10,049,784 7.1 12.1 80.3 73.3 12.5 14.7 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 64 60 41 68 25 19 2,033 2,110 288 279 1,647 1,738 98 93 14.2 13.2 81.0 82.4 4.8 4.4 7,027,145 5,919,379 629,265 590,862 6,101,681 4,966,637 296,209 361,880 9.0 10.0 86.8 83.9 4.2 6.1 Lumher and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 39 37 11 12 13 24 767 982 120 151 491 600 156 231 15.6 15.4 64.0 61.1 20.3 23.5 2,441,130 3,244,266 363,402 357,347 1,666,486 2,320,437 411,242 566,481 14.9 11.0 68.3 71.5 16.8 17.5 Printing and publishing . . . 1914 1909 683 690 66 69 121 139 2,784 3,232 1,732 1,908 725 933 327 391 62.2 59.0 26.0 28.9 11.7 12.1 6,881,977 7,008,865 4,169,350 4,077,396 1,932,006 2,180,163 780,621 - 751,306 60.6 58.2 28.1 31.1 11.3 10.7 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 6 12 15 18 5 5 9,884 10,591 28 64 9,808 10,512 48 15 0.3 0.6 99.2 99.3 0.5 0.1 151,647,123 165,360,516 331,031 608, 127 150,606,933 164,440,587 709,159 311,802 0.2 0.4 99.3 99.4 0.5 0.2 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 564 307 211 26,882 2,623 22,900 1,369 9.8 85.2 5.1 224,163,258 8,346,642 207,668,837 8,147,779 3.7 92.6 3.6 32 16 21 12 32 18 6 13 12 24 , 10 6 11 9 15 684 131 497 422 1,006 123 142 13,095 478 1,233 1,040 1,078 420 4,828 1,705 112 26 55 43 93 515 80 410 334 835 67 26 32 46 - 78 16.4 19.8 11.1 10.2 9 2 75.3 61.1 82.6 79.1 83 8.3 19.1 6.4 10.7 7 8 3,898,620 495,638 3,788,259 1,680,275 6,609,497 341,696 407,336 169,700,168 2,909,962 4,776,223 2,372,301 2,168,880 3,761,662 20,684,520 11,668,331 279,813 88,064 167,001 235,402 313,498 104,656 162,431 1,582,858 303,046 493,674 131,467 372,001 206,615 2,632,710 1,273,606 2,705,669 305,224 3,461,416 1,217,903 4,878,469 214,426 106,139 157,466,359 197,694 3,666,840 2,127,611 1,613,684 3,496,772 16,110,746 10,099,886 913,138 102,360 169,842 126,970 417,630 22,514 138,766 650,951 2,409,222 615, 809 7.2 17.8 4.4 14.9 5 6 69.4 61.6 91.4 77.1 87.0 23.4 Chantjte 20.7 4 2 Fort Scott 8.0 Hutchinson 7.4 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 12 20 103 26 39 7 2 66 6 21 4 6 32 9 13 39 46 368 143 216 79 64 12,549 88 898 5 32 178 247 119 31.7 32.4 2.8 29.9 17.6 64.2 45.1 95.8 18.4 72.8 4.1 22.5 1.4 51.7 9.7 30.6 39.9 1.0 10.4 10.3 62.8 26.1 98.6 6.8 76.8 66 lOLA 34.1 Kansas City.. 0.4 Lawbence 82.8 12.9 Pabsons 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 15 18 24 79 116 6 12 17 42 66 7 16 7 40 28 46 191 77 816 362 943 841 329 3,677 1,268 61 46 14 335 95 4.4 17.7 18.3 16.9 20.6 90.7 78.0 78.3 76.2 73.8 4.9 4.3 3.3 6.9 5.6 113,223 183,195 58,265 1,941,065 294,939 5.5 17.2 5.5 12.7 10.9 89.7 74.4 93.0 77.9 86.6 4.8 8.4 Rat.twa 1.6 TOPEKA 9.4 Wichita 2.S 1 Includes the group "all others," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. This table shows, for all industries combined, that number of wage earners, the proportions owned by the greatest proportion of the establishments, 60.8 corporations are much the largest. Although'only per cent of the total in 1914, was under individual 20.4 per cent of the total number of establishments ownership, but in value of produ^g^^@igjb|^se MV(5P&S(&fi^^^^^ imder corporate ownership, this class MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 455 reported 89 per cent of the total value of products and 82.4 per cent of the total average niunber of wage earners. The proportion of the value of ' products reported by corporations has been greater at each successive census. For six of the eight industries which are shown separately the largest proportion of the value of products was reported by corporations for both 1909 and 1914. For the combined total for the 15 cities of over 10,000 population and for 13 of the cities this was also the case. lola shows the largest proportion of the total value of products as reported by establishments under individual owner- ship, and Lawrence the largest proportion under "all other" because of the large amount under part- nership form of ownership. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Table 15 VALUE OF PKODUCT. jtumbeb op establishments. AVERAGE NOMBER OF WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,136 3,436 2,475 41,259 44,215 35,570 $323,234,194 $325,104,002 $198,244,992 $62,086,204 $66,220,296 $41,735,043 Less than $5,000.. 1,484 951 401 259 41 1,645 1,002 491' 263 34 1,211 650 403 190 21 1,320 3,106 5,636 13,993 17,204 1,684 3,425 7 411 15,475 16,220 1,669 2,966 6,240 11,818 12,987 3,624,546 9,292,496 17,421,473 84,359,482 208,536,197 1 3,867,954 9, 809, 793 21,493,918 85,547,057 204,386,280 2,741,307 6,347,304 17,441,913 57,537,181 114,177,287 2,273,678 4,958,789 7,874,522 20,326,426 26,652,789 2,386,459 5,083,622 9,696,074 22,639,748 26,514,393 1,795,911 3,366, 497 J5,000 to 120,000 420,000 to SIOO.OOO 7,259,125 14,551,481 14,762,029 JIOO.OOO to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEB CENT DISTEIBTTTION. > 100.0 100. Q 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 47.3 30.3 12.8 8.3 1.3 47.9 29.2 14.3 7.7 1.0 48.9 26.3 16.3 7.7 0.8 3.2 7.5 13.7 33.9 41.7 3.8 7.7 16.8 35.0 36.7 4.4 8.3 17.5 33.2 36.5 1.1 2.9 5.4 26.1 64.5 1.2 3.0 6.6 26.3 62.9 1.4 3.2 8.8 29.0 57.6 3.7 8.0 12.7 32.7 42.9 3.6 7.7 14.5 34.2 40.0 4.3 $5,000 to $20,000 8.1 $20,000 to $100,000. . . . 17.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 34.9 35.4 For 1914, 41 establishments, or 1.3 per cent of the total number for the combined industries of the state, each reported products exceeding $1,000,000 in value as compared with 34, or 1 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 21, or eight-tenths of 1 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported 41.7 per cent of the total number of wage earners for the state, 64.5 per cent of the total value of products, and 42.9 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year, the small estabhshments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although repre- senting 47.3 per cent of the total number of estab- lishments, reported only 1.1 per cent of the total ^ value of products. For each class shown in the table, with the exception of the group of largest establish- ments, the proportion which it formed of the total value of products has decreased at each successive census, showing the tendency toward concentration in large establishments. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for eight of the more important industries, a classification of estab- hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for all industries combined. Table 16 number of estai^lish- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUEE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution.. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Bread AND other bakery 472 435 100.0 100.0 1,001 900 100.0 100.0 $3,914,365 $3,432,564 100.0 100.0 11,693,669 $1,443,491 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 263 185 21 3 29 222 191 >22 55 55.7 39.2 4.5 0.6 100.0 51.0 43.9 5.1 100.0 168 474 195 164 1,216 134 426 340 1,819 16.8 47.4 19.5 16.4 100.0 14.9 47.3 37.8 100.0 762,989 1,810,319 770,773 580,284 1,953,307 609,641 1,736,384 1,086,639 19.2 46.2, 19.7 14.8 100.0 17.8 60.6 31.7 100.0 367,329 781,595 293,447 251,288 1,318,328 271,972 751,354 420,165 21.7 46.1 17.3 14.8 100.0 las $5,000 to $20,000 52.1 $20,000 to $100,000 29.1 $100,000 to $1.000.000 Brick, tile, terra-cotta, ^ AND FIRE-CLa'y PRODUCTS... 2,33B,438 1,805,633 100.0 S 3 15 6 61 8 9 34 4 60 17.2 10.3 51.7 20.7 100.0 14.5 16.4 61.8 7.3 100.0 10 28 631 647 761 17 80 1,372 350 348 0.8 2.3 43.7 63.2 100.0 0.9 4.4 75.4 19.2 100.0 10,906 30,031 806,603 1,105,767 10,219,813 12,856 69,739 1,668,629 685,214 6,070,634 0.6 1.5 41.3 66.6 100.0 0.6 3.0 71.4 25.0 100.0 7,623 22.396 543,938 744,371 1,509,338 9,753 46,095 1,304,597 445,188 1,120,121 0.6 1.7 41.3 66.5 100.0 0.5 $5,000 to $20,000 2.6 $20,000 to $100,000 72.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 - 24.7 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk 100.0 6 18 20 17 4 23 21 12 9.8 29.5 32.8 27.9 6.7 38.3 35.0 20.0 2 29 79 651 1 24 83 240 0.3 3.8 10.4 85.5 0.3 6.9 23.8 69.0 16,767 234,974 639,807 9,328,275 9,699 267,293 864,251 4,929,391 0.2 2.3 6.3 91.3 0.2 4.4 14.2 81.2 4,146 65,137 148,357 1,291,698 2,331 52,483 165,215 910,092 0.3 4.3 9.8 85.6 0.2 S5 000 to $20 000 4.7 120 nnn to *too ooo 13 9 $100,000 and over a 81.2 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." » Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 456 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. Table 16— Continued. INDT73TBY AND VALUE OF PBODTJCT. Flotob-mill AKD QBISTMILI, products , Less than $5,000 16,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Foundry and machtne-shop products , Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over LUUBEB AND TIMBEB PROD- UCTS. _ Leas than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Printinq and publishinq Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Slaughterino and meat packing $5,000 to $100,000 a $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over NUMBER OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 360 16 120 39 37 27 117 63 7 769 539 186 37 7 1909 501 "iio 144 118 118 U 137 73 "li" 26 14 7 798 580 167 42 9 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 19.2 25.6 23.3 27.5 4.4 100.0 32.5 30.8 2Z5 14.2 100.0 36.5 38.1 14.3 11.1 100.0 70.1 24.2 4.8 0.9 100.0 30.8 34.6 34.6 100.0 22.0 28.7 23.6 23.6 2.2 100.0 38.7 22.6 30.7 ao 100.0 35.6 35.6 19.2 9.6 100.0 72.7 5.3 1.1 100.0 64.3 17.1 28.6 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 2,033 37 168 545 1,283 767 94 138 612 2,784 586 852 635 711 9,884 216 9,633 1909 2,360 2,110 66 148 838 1,068 982 26 117 236 604 3,232 765 853 741 873 10,591 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 1.8 8.3 26.8 63.1 100.0 100.0 21.0 30.6 22.8 25.5 0.4 2.2 97.4 100.0 1.6 6.4 12.3 60.8 19.9 100.0 2.7 7.0 39.7 60.6 100.0 2.6 11.9 23.9 61.5 100.0 23.7 28.4 22.9 27.0 100.0 0.4 2.0 97.6 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 172,894,736 182,174 1,020,181 3,661,824 41,113,692 26,916,865 7,027,145 104,348 351,936 1,323,158 5,247,703 2,441,130 57,044 254,860 409,202 1,720,024 6,881,977 1,230,023 1,687,927 1,530,434 2,433,593 151,647,123 2,614,053 148,689,162 1909 $68,476,410 287,371 1,542,628 6,240,286 43,267,098 18,139,027 6,919,379 122,314 300,599 2,100,084 3,396,382 3,244,265 66,552 280,595 606,058 2,291,060 7,008,865 1,326,582 1,470,956 1,555,717 2,655,610 165,360,516 718,348 2,434,032 162,208,136 Per cent distribution 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 1.5 5.0 18.8 74.7 100.0 2.3 10.4 16.8 70.5 100.0 17.9 24.5 22.2 35.4 100.0 0.2 1.7 98.1 100.0 100.0 2.1 6.1 35.5 67.4 100.0 . 2.1 8.6 18.7 70.6 100.0 18.9 21.0 22.2 37.9 100.0 0.4 1.5 98.1 VALUE ADDED PT MANUFACTURE. 1914 $8,652,564 49,276 201,254 580,929 4,392,155 3,428,951 2,762,689 76,380 224,284 691,905 1,771,020 1,061,589 34,734 128,279 180,576 718,000 4,574,203 982,945 1,303,728 1,121,954 1,165,576 15,695,580 1909 $8,037,577 65,994 300,015 784,359 5,090,267 1,796,942 2,885,182 77,388 197,750 1,184,376 1,425,668 1,172,499 39,455 140,794 295,941 4,719,059 1,060,250 1,167,273 1,056,809 1,436,727 17,714,626 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 2.7 ai 25.0 64.1 100.0 3.3 12.1 17.0 67.6 100.0 21.5 2a5 24.6 26.5 100.0 0.4 3.1 96.6 100.0 9.8 3.7 9.8 63.3 22.4 loao 2.7 41.0 49.4 100.0 3.4 12.0 25.2 59.4 100. 22.6 247 22.4 3a4 100.0 3.2 96.1 1 Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over." 2 Includes the group "$20,000 to $100,000.' ' Includes the group "less than $5,000." Of the eight indiistries shown in the table, four — * bread and other bakery products; brick, tile, terra- cotta, and fire-clay products; butter, cheese, and condensed milk; and lumber and timber products — show a larger proportion of establishments in the class having products valued at less than $5,000 in 1914 than in 1909. The brick, tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products industry, however, reported two more estabhshments in the "$100,000 to $1,000,000" group in 1914 than in 1909. In the printing and publishing industry, the great- est change was in the "$5,000 to $20,000" group. This group represented 24.2 per cent of the estab- lishments in the industry, 30.6 per cent of the number of wage earners, and 24.5 per cent of the value of products in 1914 as compared with 20.9 per cent, 26.4 per cent, and 21 per cent, respectively, in 1909. The flour-mill and gristmill and slaughtering and meat-packing industries are the only industries shown in the table as having a larger proportion of establish- ments in the "$1,000,000 and over" class in 1914 than 1909. In the former industry, while the pro- portion of establishments increased 2.2 per cent, the proportion of value of products in this class increased 10.4 per cent. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 15 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. QTT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 60 684 100.0 $3,898,620 100.0 $917,524 100. Less than $5,000 19 23 10 8 27 10 11 6 '45 25 103 176 381 131 3.6 15.1 25.6 65.7 100.0 65,358 240,433 439,862 3,162,967 49,5,638 1.4 6.2 11.3 81.1 100.0 30,853 131,059 215,256 640,356 234,066 $5,000 to 820,000 14.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over' (TWANUTE....'! 23.5 5S.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 7 33 91 497 5.3 25.2 69.5 100.0 25,334 118,508 351,796 3,788,259 5.1 23.9 71.0 100.0 15,286 51,861 166,919 1,091,681 6.5 $5,000 to $20,000 22.2 $20,000 to $1,000,000 2.... COFFEYVILLE 71.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 11 20 9 5 33 10 78 121 288 422 2.0 15.7 24.3 58.0 100.0 37,784 210,462 375,554 3,164,459 1,580,275 1.0 5.6 9.9 83.5 100.0 19,507 121,500 212,300 738,374 496,559 1 8 $5,000 to $20 000 11.1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over' FOBT SCOTT 19.4 67.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 8 10 '10 5 71 17 26 19 9 23 12 47 104 259 1,006 2.8 11.1 24.6 61.4 100.0 27,477 108,490 377,232 1,067,076 5,609,497 1.7 6.9 23.9 67.5 100.0 13,857 65,934 180,596 236, 172 1,498,587 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000 13.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Hutchinson 36.4 47.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 21 103 305 677 123 2.1 10.2 30.3 67.4 100.0 51,068 248,276 824,583 4,485,570 341,596 0.9 4.4 14.7 80.0 100.0 33,742 137,179 436,032 892,634 202,797 2.2 $5,000 to $20,000 9.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Independence 29.0 59.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 5 14 4 27 4 54 65 142 3.3 43.9 52.8 100.0 15,110 156,184 170,302 407,336 4.4 45.7 49.9 100.0 7,694 86,746 108,357 162,385 3.8 $5,000 to $20,000 42.8 $20,000 to $100,000. lOLA 53.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 8 14 5 8 40 94 5.6 28.2 66.2 25,918 124,891 256,527 6.4 30.7 62.9 15,580 57,743 89,062 9.6 $5,000 to $20,000 36.6 $20,000 to $1,000,000 »...- 64.8 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." a Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000. " Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 457 Table IT— Continned. i ■sS WAGE EABNEBS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTUBE. CITY AND VALTJE OF PEODTJCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Kansas City........ 201 64 61 41 23 12 41 13,095 50 191 663 2,013 10,178 478 100.0 0.4 1.5 5.1 15.4 77.7 100.0 $159,700,168 100.0 $20,433,606 100.0 ]>ss than IS 000 164,067 655,532 2,096,719 7,308,624 149,475,226 2,909,962 0.1 0.4 1.3 4.6 93.6 100.0 100,369 327,338 1,067,172 2,622,067 16,316,660 773,635 0.5 SS 000 to J20.000 1.6 $20,000 to SIOO.OOO tioo,oaotosi.ooo,ooo $1,000,000 and over Laweence 5.2 12.8 79.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 12 16 13 73 24 19 . 10 28 13 58 407 1,233 2.7 12.1 85.1 100.0 30,540 166,341 2,713,081 4,776,223 1.0 5.7 93.2 100.0 21,336 88,097 664,202 1,454,824 2.8 $5 000 to $20,000 11.4 $20,000 and over 1., Leaa'enwoeth 85.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 26 114 296 797 1,040 2.1 9.2 24.0 64.6 100.0 66,268 245,544 937,231 3,527,180 2,372,301 1.4 Ski 19.6 73.8 100.0 47,848 109,023 448,100 849,853 830,682 3.3 $5 000 to $20.000 7.5 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over' Parsons 30.8 68.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 7 9 8 4 45 12 34 98 896 1,078 1.2 3.3 9.4 86.2 100.0 18,759 112,618 220,443 2,020,481 2,168,880 0.8 4.7 9.3 85.2 100.0 11,056 59,674 124,282 635,770 1,196,290 1.3 $5 000 to $20,000 7.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over s - 15.0 76.5 ioo.0 Less than $5,000 12 17 11 5 48 14 41 160 863 420 1.3 3.8 14.8 80.1 100.0 26,554 144,840 524,224 1,473,262 3,761,652 1.2 6.7 24.2 67.9 100.0 17,035 82,022 255,069 842,164 709,905 1.4 $5,000 to $20,000. 6.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 21.3 70.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 15 IS 12 6 161 18 53 193 156 4,828 4.3 12.6 46.0 37.1 100.0 40,831 184,969 429,150 3,126,702 20,684,520 1.1 4.4 11.4 83.1 100.0 24,874 106,060 246,052 332,919 5,703,273 3.5 $5 000 to $20 000 14.9 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over ' 34.7 46.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 46 53 37 20 5 199 40 211 633 687 3,257 1,705 0.8 4.4 13.1 14.2 67.5 100.0 116,541 553,617 1,704,100 6,031,556 12,278,706 11,668,331 0.6 2.7 8.2 29.2 59.4 100.0 84,891 342,156 876,084 1,407,565 2,992,577 3,639,676 1.5 $5 000 to $20 000 6.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000..... $1,000,000 and over Wichita 15.4 24.7 52. S 100.0 Less than $5,000 67 76 33 24 46 283 39S 981 2.7 16.6 23.2 57.5 176,244 725,537 1,360,943 9,405,607 1.5 6.2 11.7 80.6 108,969 428,902 634,929 2,466,875 3.0 $5,000 to $20,000 11.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 17.4 67.8 1 Includes the groups "$100,000 to $1,000,000" and "$1,000,000 and over." ' Includes the group ' ' $1,000,000 and over." In all the cities a majority of the establishments were in the class having a product of less than $20,000. In the larger cities these establishments represent only a negligible proportion of the wage earners employed and of the value of products. In Chanute, Independence, and lola, the smallest of the cities shown, the establishments in this class re- ported 29 per cent, 50.1 per cent, and 37.1 per cent, re- spectively, of the total value of products. Kansas City, the largest city in the state, had 201 manufac- turing establishments in 1914, but only 12 of them had products valued at $1,000,000 or over, and these re- ported $149,475,226, or 93.6 per cent of the total for the city, and gave employment to 10,178 wage earners, or 77.7 per cent of the total average number. Topeka had 5 establishments in this group, which employed 67.5 per cent of the wage earners and reported 59.4 per cent of the value of products. Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as meastired by the number of wage earners, emi^yed. The figures given are for all industrie*«<^S5.oif^^ptoPi§ of the more important industries, and for each of the 15 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909, similar percentages for aU industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Of the total estabhshments for all industries com- bined in the state, 534, or 17 per cent, employed no wage earners. These were small estabhshments in which the work was done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases a few wage earners were employed for a short period, but the number was so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for these establishments. Those establishments reporting not more than 20 wage earners, while forming 74.6 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, employed but 20.2 per cent of the wage earners, while those employ- ing more than 100 wage earners each, constituting 2.1 per cent of the estabhshments, employed 59.5 per cent of all the wage earners. Five establishments in the state employed more than 1,000 wage earners each. Among the separate industries, bakeries, fiour mills and gristmills, the manufacture of men's clothing,- and of cigars reported no estabhshment employing more than 100 wage earners, while in the manufacture of ice, no establishment was reported as employing more than 50 wage earners. On the other hand, 54.1 per cent of the establishments and 93.8 per cent of the average number of wage earners reported by steam- railroad repair shops, were in the group of establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners. More than one-third of the establishments and 97.5 per cent of the wage earners for the slaughtering and meat- packing industry were also in this group. For zinc smelting and refining, a majority of the establish- ments and wage earners were in the group employing between 100 and 500 wage earners. For the combined total for the cities having a popu- lation of 10,000 or more and for each of the cities, excepting Kansas City, Topeka, and Leavenworth, about three-fourths of the establishments were in the groups employing not more than 20 wage earners, and for each of the three cities named, about two-thirds of their estabhshments were in this class. The three cities reporting the smallest number of wage earners have no establishments employing more than 50 wage earners and only four cities reported establishments having more than 250 wage earners. The five largest establishments in the state were located in Kansas City and Topeka. Eight of the 18 industries, as shown in Table 19, increased the proportion of wage earners in those estabhshments employing more than 50, and 6 industries increased the proportion of wage earners in Mose establishments employing more than 100 wage JiQ^Qi^&g the period from 1909 to 1914. 458 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. Table 18 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITY. Es- tab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earn- ers. 1 101 to 250 wage earn- ers. 251 to 500 wage earn- ers. 501 to 1,000 wage earn- ers. Over 1,000 wage earn- ers. k It is 3S 1^ If 11 CO n 1. 1' -a 1^ « CO 1 Is Il All industries - 3,136 41,259 534 1,935 3,885 404 4,468 148 4,839 60 2 3 2 3 2 3 7 4 1 2 3,520 142 225 157 213 171 193 452 260 54 157 42 6,772 12 4,066 6 4,135 5 9,674 472 29 61 37 9 16 360 120 16 6 101 63 13 769 9 26 6 117 907 1,082 1,001 .1,216 761 8,865 1,002 546 2,357 2,033 413 364 634 767 890 2,784 467 9,884 811 360 6,104 26,882 112 1 3 332 4 37 605 10 76 25 4 13 8 232 43 134 110 1 13 4 6 3 9 17 18' 1 2 4 5 2 12 5 2 1 3 40 96 22 462 120 220 101 334 511 587 122 208 56 322 192 73 34 104 1,279 3,086 Brick, tile, terrarcotta, and fire-clay products. 4 2 11 4 476 274 1,837 730 Cars and general shop construction and repairs 4 1,464 4 2,617 1 2,504 ■■■45' 15 2 2 6 "172" 1 3 207 55 4 1 67 .37 2 511 1 4 6 357 139 6 2 187 95 10 1,079 3 12 1 84 23 6 13 1,037 243 89 5 2 1 804 235 142 . Ice manufactured 28 13 5 69 1 9 • 325 134 71 720 15 89 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 11 28 68 69 276 91 76 99 56 761 1,922 1 1 1 262 290 387 2 394 Salt ' 1 1 2 166 209 406 Slaughtering and meat pacTdng 2 1 737 272 2 1,618 4 7,070 45 130 121 61 609 584 118 1,180 1,424 7 108 217 82 1,131 2,464 7 21 1,099 3,124 2 5 654 1,740 Total for cities 5 3,548 5 9,574 Atchison 60 27 45 33 71 23 27 201 41 73 28 45 48 161 199 684 131 497 422 1,006 123 142 13,095 ,478 1,233 1,040 1,078 420 4,828 1,705 5 3 4 2 2 2 1 27 4 7 3 3 5 21 32 33 17 30 16 43 15 22 105 22 37 14 28 24 72 106 95 28 80 46 99 45 46 257 49 110 32 62 60 175 240 12 5 4 13 14 5 2 29 9 15 7 8 12 40 42 125 48 62 147, 176 51 25 326 104 145 93 96 133 461 \ 482 7 2 5 205 56 169 2 111 1 148 1 1 2 76 67 187 1 1 2 120 162 319 ' 8 1 2 18 4 6 2 2 6 20 13 225 27 71 552 145 204 75 63 174 665 466 Independence ' lOLA Kansas City 6 371 56 254 61 62 53 301 323 5 1 4 957 124 520 4 1,353 3 2,209 4 7,079 1 1 779 560 2 235 TOPEKA 2 2 335 204 1 387 1 2,604 Table 19 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVEKASE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. per cent of total average NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS employing specified NUMBER. lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 9.4 9.7 10.8 10.7 11.7 11.4 8.6 10.9 16.4 14.4 9.9 10.9 10.0 11.5 23.2 20.6 Petroleum, refining . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1.1 6.5 38.8 37.0 0.6 0.1 0.3 8.0 14.8 25.9 24.6 3.2 8.6 0.9 0.2 6.3 49.7 11.6 13.4 41.1 32.4 0.7 1.9 4.2 4.2 28.9 18.6 21.0 J6.8 11.5 7.8 29.0 9.9 12.9 19.5 29.0 0.8 12.2 8.8 15.6 31.3 12.5 17.6 7.1 44.3 35.6 30.0 2.1 2.8 50.1 IO.S 32.6 13.9 12.2 Printing and publishing Salt Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Butter cheese, and condensed 60.4 68.2 0.8 1.3 10.0 23.3 23.2 22.0 3.5 4.6 17.6 35.1 1.2 0.3 2.2 8.3 38.0 47.3 15.8 16.7 2.5 0.9 10.1 1.2 61.2 19.4 21.7 .25.9 28.9 21.8 7.0 31.9 17.3 16.7 19.2 23.3 27.1 16.2 14.2 18.5 46.8 20.6 26.0 2.4 1.8 17.1 10.4 36.3 60.8 19.2 8.6 12.8 11.6 13.1 16.0 43.1 37.1 11.4 39.1 Slaughtering and meat packing. Smelting and refining, zinc 36.0 7.5 3.4 33.6 16.2 16.4 22.7 71.5 68.6 20.7 14.3 72.9 23.8 16.5 31.1 28.4 27.6 28.2 24.0 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-rail- road companies. 32.8 29.6 19.3 21.2 5.3 22.8 20.5 18.5 20.2 9.2 All other industries 1.1 2.2 15.1 22.9 6.8 6.1 1.5 5.0 0.5 0.3 29.5 30.0 12.4 8.9 0.7 2.4 17.6 44.0 42.6 12.0 21.0 21.5 10.1 '"6.'4 61.3 46.7 17.5 20.1 38.2 26.7 18.0 15.2 11.6 10.7 8.9 6.5 Clothing, men's, including shirts. 13.2 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 35 fi 1 13.9 21.4 16.1 10.9 9.8 36.6 32.4 2.0 10.3 8.9 3.1 5.8 14.3 3.6 14.1 18.3 36.6 10.5 34.8 17.6 ■41.5 17.6 2.5 21.8 11.8 8.9 8.9 31.7 9.5 28.3 30.0 42.0 34.0 '22.4 22.0 50.0 4.2 30.3 16.5 7.2 6.8 41.4 13.8 26.7 16.2 2L6 . Foundry and machine-shop products. 39.6 40.6 56.9 37.0 39.0 45.4 Chanute cofpeyville « Fort Scott.. 15.3 15.9 18.6 24.1 38.4 31.7 Independence . lOLA Glass TTAW.tiA.q Cttv 2.8 11.7 20.6 6.9 5.8 12.6 6.2 18.9 7.3 26.9 42.2 10.3 16.9 54.0 Lawrence Ice, manufactured Parsons 74.9 51.9 21.8 8.9 18.7 '36.2 34.2 Salina Lumber and timber produces... 6.9 12.0 8.0 SI. 9 ■Wichita Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 459 Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engiaes or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current) . It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. Table ao NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HOESEPOWEE. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5,246 4,036 1,745 179,146 213,141 99,441 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,025 - 997 956 72 3,221 3,221 2,433 1,244 1,080 109 - 1,603 1,603 1,745 1,098 610 137 151,444 123,075 22,041 6,328 27,702 26,802 900 200,579 170,293 22,580 7,706 12,562 11,809 753 96,601 83,134 6,923 6,544 2,840 2,484 356 84,6 68.7 12.3 3.5 15.5 15.0 0.5 94.1 79.9 10.6 3.6 5.9 5.5 0.4 97.1 83.6 Internal-combustion engines 7.0 6.6 Eented 2.9 Electric 2.5 other 4 Electric 5,396 3,221 2,175 3,384 ]„603 1,781 64,482 26,802 37,680 46,921 11,809 35,112 10,326 2,484 7,842 100.0 41.6 58.4 100.0 25.2 74.8 100 Rented «379 24.1 75.9 1 Figures ior horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 79,705 horsepower, or 80.2 per cent, from 1904 to 1914, although there was a decrease of 15.9 per cent from 1909 to 1914. This decrease during the later period was occasioned by the de- crease in owned power, the iucrease in rented power for this period amoimting to 120.5 per cent. Steam power, though furnishing more than two-thirds of the total primary power, shows the greatest decrease, 27.7 per cent, between 1909 and 1914. In 1904, 2,840 horsepower was rented, representing 2.9 per cent of the total primary power; in 1909, 12,562 horsepower, or 5.9 per cent; and in 1914, 27,702 horsepower, or 15.5 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric power has been marked at each census, for both that rented and that generated in the establish- ment reporting; in 1914 this kind of power used amounted to 64,482 horsepower. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data was obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected indus- tries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 21 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries. Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, terrarcotta, and fire-clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. . . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Cement Chemicals Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. . Ice, manufactured Paper and wood pulp Petroleum, refining Printing and pubh^ng. Salt.. Slau^tering and meat pacldng. Smelting and refining, zmc AH other Industries An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 3,761 20 163 128 11.145 '206 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 1,138,712 5,262 70,043 17,942 160,481 174,334 7 , — 119; 808 6,154 77,934 13,539 2,330 2,960 64,680 235,496 67,339 122,721 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 32, 332 359 47 1,136 4,100 1,314 11,562 66 38 28 932 11,065 1,685 Oil.in- cluolng gasoline (bar- rels). 1,820,948 926 87,674 4,715 149,890 155,688 11,816 186,373 2,169 34,734 741 436,949 1,074 484,806 145,707 118,686 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 16,690,302 175,714 2,661,961 79,762 62,326 3,673.829 374, 890 670, 910 68, 673 758, 611 771, 973 88,833 1,398,469 72,429 688,539 17, 995 4,870,211 365,177 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total for cities- ATcmsoN Chanute copfeyyille . Fort Scott. . Hutchinson.. Independence. lOLA Kansas City... Lawrence Leavenworth. Parsons. . . PiTI.SBURG.. Salina TOPEKA Wichita An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 4,258 130 63 416 2 12 3,141 70 277 157 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 602,028 14,632 26 69 7,992 341 375,-642 11,458 23,499 927 47,727 8,161 54,934 8,464 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 17, 659 860 92 137 76 4,328 184 8,834 20 851 740 274 208 439 626 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). 60 19 96,878 25 11,835 5 70 336,139 9,002 494 29,603 7,321 21,376 109, 350 4,112 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 2,953,795 18,961 53,225 1,129,750 20,034 978, 962 159,587 22,728 66,580 24,486 17,001 43,416 15,226 64 64,988 338,797 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 460 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for six important indus- tries in Kansas are here presented, together with sta- tistics for power laundries. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classifica- tion includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-pack- ing establishments but not those engaged exclusively in the manufacture of sausage. Table 22 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kind, number, and cost of the animals slaughtered; the cost of dressed meat pur- chased for ciu-ing and for making lard, lard com- pounds and substitutes, oleo oU, and stearin; and the quantities and values of various products man- ufactured. "AU other products," includes canned sausages, oils other than oleo od, hoofs and horns, goat and kid skins, and wool. Table 22 MATERIALS. Total cost Animals slaughtered: Number Cost Calves- Number Cost Sheep and lambs- Number Cost Number. Cost Dressed meat purchased forcuring,cost Another materials, cost Total value. Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds Value Veal- Pounds Value Mutton and lamb — Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible offal and other fresh meat- Pounds Value Cured meat: Beef, pickled, and other cured— Pounds Value. Pork, pickled, and other cured- Pounds Value 1914 $135,951,543 990,188 164,624,924 130,102 $1,897,440 1, 559, 114 $7,750,380 2,825,764 $45,629,492 1 $5,401,663 $10,647,644 $151,647,123 474,292,677 $53,055,067 14,797,191 $1,685,249 58,814,735 $6,878,662 116,002,875 $13,369,953 28,467,808 $1,757,918 7,592,670 $997, 754 269,884,018 $35,564,992 1909 $147,645,990 1,362,572 $63,452,976 209,357 $2,202,653 1,136,027 $5,186,825 4,191,927 $57,042,948 » $4, 769, 851 $14,990,737 $165,360,516 686,615,803 $52,129,824 25,731.826 $2,343,974 43,884,755 $4,448,666 150,199,802 $13,757,643 8,465,481 $583, 181 7,318,060 $491,886 364,998,556 $40,924,199 1904 $85,145,905 1,019,553 $38,106,588 92, 751 $732,227 771,818 $2,826,354 3,089,611 $33,696,168 $5,013,185 $4,771,383 $96,375,639 509,978,750 $30,531,565 9, 737, 824 $647, 788 30,246,693 $2, 167, 136 81,016,571 $5,782,159 5,343,167 $200,693 11,144,304 $473,961 303,954,794 $27,763,228 PRODUCTS— continued. Canned goods: Pounds Value Pounds Value .■ Lard: Pounds Value Lard compounds and substitutes: Pounds Value Oleo oil: Gallons Value Tallow: Pounds Value Stearin: Pounds Value Oleomargarine: Pounds Value Sausage casings: Pounds Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Glue and gelatine: Pounds Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Pounds Value Calf- Number Pounds Value Sheep- Number Value All other products, value . 1914 12,012,553 $2,429,247 17,706,704 $2,004,456 83,753,215 $9,060,920 40,987,740 $3,431,621 1,913,087 $1,298,808 13,253,821 $854, 605 = 4,266,407 = $389,455 10,406,870 $1,485,536 8.265,030 $945,388 '30,437 '$953,029 8 3,408,265 = $234,444 990,188 54,524,910 $8,943,073 84,941 1,330,010 $229,423 1,559,141 $1,527,343 $4,560,180 1909 17,891,713 $1,879,568 31,200,707 $2,858,696 148,408,252 $16,748,155 3,590,372 $2,995,219 < 21, 794, 761 < $1,656, 288 7,528,036 $1,043,574 9,094,584 $1, 187, 779 m m 62,515 $1,383,390 3,107,026 $171,689 1,449,584 79, 719, 102 $10,904,415 1,117,653 $1,334,782 $8,517,588 1904 $2,153,360 1 24,169,700 $1,814,777 132,557,097 $9,561,473 (») m 1,611,428 $869,945 (=) S S 22,721 $538, 174 1,973,564 $100,417 1,063.512 58,858,924 $5,828,692 751,595 $729,496 $7,212,775 1 Includes cost of all other animals to avoid disclosure. 2 Not reported separately, except tor canned beef, which was 7,566,£ valued at $411,268. ' Not reported separately. < Includes oleo stock. ) pounds. There was a substantial growth in the industry from 1904 to 1909, but during the period from 1909 to 1914 a decrease in the volume of business is noted. This decrease is apparent in the number of all ani- mals slaughtered, except sheep and lambs, which show a material gain. The number of beeves de- creased 372,384, or 27.3 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, while their cost increased $1,171,948, 9v 1.8 per cent. The cost of dressed meat purchased for curing also shows an increase. During this period the products which increased in both quantity and value are mutton and lamb ; edible offal and other fresh meat, including poultry; beef, pickled or otherwise cured; oleomar- garine; glue; and sheep pelts. Those which increased I in value and decreased in quantiiy/Qli&^^lSiQy/elWi = Not reported separately, probably included in "edible ofifal and other fresh meat." = All oleo stearin in 1914. ' No fertilizers manufactured in 1914. = No gelatine manufactured in 1914. and canned goods. The decrease in lard, which in- cludes all kinds made from hog fats only, amounted to 64,655,037 pounds, or 43.6 per cent, in quantity, and $7,697,235, or 46 per cent, in value. FloTir-mill and gristmill products. — Kansas main- tains her position as third in flour-mUl and gristmill products and second in importance in the wheat- flour industry in the United States. During the census year 1914 there were 45 estabhshments, each of which reported an output of 100,000 barrels or more of wheat flour. These estabhshments consumed 42,187,343 bushels of wheat and produced 8,935,395 barrels of flour, valued at $39,238,496. In 1909 and .1904 there were 35 and 21 estabhshments, respectively, /^i/dQSQl|^0,000 barrels or more during the year. MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 461 The following table gives the quantity and value of flour-miU and gristmill products for the last three census years: Table 23 Total value "WTieat flour: Barrels Value ■Rye flour: Barrels Value Buckwheat flour: Pounds Value ■Com meal and.corn flour: Barrels Value. Hominy and grits: Founds Value Sran and middlings: Tons Value Teed and oflal: Tons Value Bteakl^ foods: Founds Value AH other cereal products, value All other products, value 1911 $72,891,736 12,777,582 $56,514,360 9,950 $35,871 168,600 $5,585 388,756 $1,371,077 36,755,200 $557,828 486,245 $0,704,259 174,229 $4,651,355 1,386,714 $43,493 $1,800 $9,108 1909 $68,476,410 10,887,744 $52,589,913 5,745 $25,938 407,855 $11,768 576,941 $1,767,903 22,900,765 $332,836 620,946 $13,446,894 $108,896 $192,262 1904 $42,034,019 7,633,415 $32,627,365 14,604 $54,900 770,982 $21,478 605,413 $1,292,243 $118,146 503,093 $7,878,990 $3,840 $37,057 Wheat flour and bran and middlings, when measured by value of products, constituted 90.8 per cent of the total in 1914, the proportion for wheat flour alone being 77.5 per cent, bran and middlings 13.3 per cent, feed and offal 6.4 per cent, com meal and com flour, 1.9 per cent, and hominy and grits, eight- tenths of 1 per cent. From 1909 to 1914 there was an increase of 1,889,838 barrels, or 17.4 per cent, in the quantity of wheat floiu" and 7.5 per cent in value. Bran and middlings and feed and offal combined, as in 1909, show an increase in quantity of production of 6.3 per cent; hominy and grits, 60.5 per cent; rye flotir, 73.2 per cent; while com meal and com flour and buckwheat flour show a decrease of 32.6 per cent and 58.7 per cent, respectively. In 1914 the equipment of the mills of the state consisted of 2,150 stands of roUs, 59 runs of stone, and 241 attrition mills. Four establishments reported the manufacture of barrels and seven the manufac- ture of sacks. Bntter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^The number of establishments engaged in this industry during the three years, 1914, 1909, and 1904, were 61, 60, and 90, respectively. Although there was a decrease of 29 establishments during the decade, the total value of products increased 159 per cent. This increase was more rapid during the later five-year period, the percentage being 68.3, as compared with 53.8 during the earlier period. From 1904 to 1909 the production of butter packed solid in firkins or tubs increased more rapidly than that put up in prints or rolls, the quantity of the former increasing 22.1 per cent, while the latter increased only 3.8 per cent. From^aa^+.-^gjy]|^y, however, these conditions were reversed? me quan' tity in prints and roUs increased 105 per cent, while that put up in firkins or tubs was only 19.8 per cent. Table 24 1914 1909 1904 $10,219,813 $6,070,634 $3,946,349 Butter; Packed solid- 12,770,193 $3,357,537 16,508,524 $4,415,610 605,423 $86,930 $2,359,736 10,659,510 $2,799,381 8,053,058 $2,198,522 520,802 $83,233 $989,498 8,728,216 Value $1,731,584 Prints and rolls — PonnHs 7,759,915 $1,624,180 Cream sold: Po""ds . . ., , 168,392 Value $13,374 $577,211 ' Includes value ol cheese and condensed milk, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. From 1909 to 1914 the value of the butter sold as packed solid showed an increase of $558,156, or 19.9 per cent, while that put up in prints and roUs, an increase of $2,217,088, or 100.8 per cent. Cream sold shows an increase of 16.2 per cent in quantity and 4.4 per cent in value during the period 1909 to 1914. In 1914 the value of butter manufactured formed 76.1 per cent of the total value of products for the industry, cream sold nine-tenths of 1 per cent, and all other products 23.1 per cent. The products of establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of cheese and condensed nulk, and also whey, butter- milk, casein, etc., are included in " all other products." Petroleum, refining. — ^This industry includes estab- lishments engaged in the refining of crude petrolemn by distillation and does not include those engaged in the manufacture of gasoHne from natural gas at the wells. This state, which ranked tenth in 1909 among the states for the industry, now ranks eleventh. Table 25 gives the statistics of materials and prod- ucts for 1914 and 1909. The crude oil used was all from the Mid-Continent field. The total production of refined oils in 1914 was 4,926,717 barrels, an increase of 1,680,192 barrels, or 51.8 per cent, over the production in 1909, while the value of the refined oils increased $4,324,242, or 108.1 per cent. Fuel oils formed the largest part of the production, 2,420,679 barrels in 1914, or 49.1 per cent of the total, an increase of 349,469 barrels over the quantity produced in 1909, when this class of oils formed 63.8 per cent of the refined oils produced. The production of illuminating oils formed 25.7 per cent of the total in 1914 and 21.7 per cent in 1909, the number of barrels increasing 79.5 per cent during the period. The number of barrels of gasoline and naphtha oils shows an increase from 387,874 barrels in 1909 to 1,062,774 barrels in 1914, or 174 per cent. These oils formed 11.9 per cent of all oils produced in 1909, but this proportion had increased to 21.6 per cent by 1914. Lubricating oils also more than doubled in production by 1914, increasing 1 15.2 per cent. All the other items afhow increases in number of barrels 462 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. Table 25 MATEKIALS. Total cost. Crude petroleum: Barrels (42 gallons) Cost Sulphuric acid, sulphur, and caustic soda . Containers and materials therefor: Wooden, cost , Metal, cost All other materials, cost. Total value. Naphtha and lighter products: Gasoline (Irom crude petroleum)— Barrels (60 gallons) Value All other — Barrels Value Illuminating oils: Barrels Value Fuel oils: Distillates — Barrels Value Gas oils- Barrels Value Residual luel oil- Barrels Value Lubricating oils: Pale or paraffin- Barrels '. . Value Bed or neutral- Barrels Value All other lubricating oils — Barrels .' Value Besiduum or tar: Barrels Value Greases: Barrels Value FarafBn wax: Barrels Value All other products, value. EQUIPMENT. stills, number Steam — Number Capacity (barrels, 42 gallons) . Fire- Number Capacity Agitators, number Storage tanks for: Crude petroleum — Number Capacity (gallons) Refined petroleum products — Number Capacity Fuel ofl- Number Capacity Other storage tanks- Number Capacity 1914 $7,184,961 1909 6,656,170 $6, 189, 177 385,522 $93,787 $27,941 $788,534 $8,922,718 I 980,326 $3,670,641 82,448 $229,768 1,265,503 $1,773,420 - 24,577 $33,856 413,088 $407, 110 1,983,014 $1,513,649 64, 740 $224,384 78,074 $269,683 34,947 $201,687 244,237 $300,583 5,923 $32,514 9,661 $72,500 $192,923 37 16, 781 188 78, 184 41 42 42,016,'000 416 40,277,000 64 13,486,000 416 32,315,000 $2,816,710 4,063,270 $2,085,202 $58,330 $41,689 $22,432 $609,057 $4,077,225 387,874 $1,296,832 704,845 $1,176,209 2,071,210 $1,289,262 82,596 $237,653 18,717 $13,017 1:945 $9,755 3,171 $17,813 $36,684 105 29 10,233 76 31,845 31 184 8,504,000 438 16,658,000 ' Not including a small amount of casing-head gasoline made direct at the wells. Printing and publishing. — The number and aggre- gate circulation per issue of the various classes of pubhcations in Kansas iu 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in Table 26. The total number of pubhcations, though showing an increase from 1904 to 1909, decreased between 1909 and 1914; every class, except monthhes, which shows no change, contributed to this decrease. The aggre- gate circtdation per issue shows a decided increase for both periods, amounting to 41.2 per cent for the later period. The only classes of pubhcations which show decreases in circulation per issue were the Sunday and semiweekly pubhcations and in the case of the Sunday pubhcations the decrease was shght. The greatest absolute gara reported was in the circulation of monthly pubhcations, which amounted to 70 per cent, the average aggregate circulation per issue increased from 31,076 copies per pubUcation in 1909 to 52,818 in 1914. In the case of daily papers, this average increased more than 750 copies. Table 26 PEKIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Simday Semiweekly Weeldy Monthly All other classes NUMBER OP PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 709 593 30 4 736 6 »U 605 30 727 ~65 5 16 600 35 6 AGGBEGATE CIECtnjlTION PER ISSUE. 1914 3,818,403 267,463 86,727 8,308 1,658,639 1,584,540 212,726 1909 2,703,594 250,050 88,044 115,155 1,403,032 932,288 15,025 1904 1,613,758 155,368 60,500 42,524 1,015,146 319,425 20,795 1 Includes two tri-weeklies. In 1914 and 1909 there were 15 publications in for- eign languages, or in English and a foreign language. Of the weeklies, 5 were in German in 1914 and 7 in 1909, 5 in English and German in 1914, compared with 2 in 1909; in both 1914 and 1909 there were 1 in Bohemian, 1 in Italian, and 1 in Swedish. There were also 1 monthly publication in Swedish and 1 in English and German in 1914. The total aggregate circulation per issueof pub- lications in foreign lainguages was 27,155 in 1914 and 24,767 m 1909, an increase of 2,388, or 9.6 per cent. Ice, manufactured. — The quantity and value of the products of this industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904, together with the equipment for 1914, are given in the following table: Table 37 QUANTITY AND VALUE. 1914' 1909 1904 Number of establishments 101 86 44 Products, total value $1,794,797 $1,459,842 $585,317 Can ice: Tons 487,763 $1,666,156 $128,641 148 3,239 4,812,742 -2,276,516 402,685 166,718 $552,183 $33,134 Value All other products, value Machines used Ice-making capacity per day (24 hours) . . Storage space for ice (cubic feet) I'i Storage space for general cold storage (cubicfeet) (?) 1 Does not include 17 establishments manufacturing 107,068 tons of ice, valued at $245,876, as a subsidiary product. 2 Not reported. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. 463 The value of the products of the ice-manufacturing industry increased 206.6 per cent during the period 1904 to 1914 and 22.9 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Can ice was the only kind made in the three years shown in the table, the quantity increasing 21.1 per cent during the last five-year period and the value 27.1 per cent. The 101 estabhshments reported in 1914 used 147,869 pounds of anhydrous ammonia, valued at $41,898, and 36,214 pounds of aqua am- monia, valued at $2,379. The compressor system was used by 90 plants,, the absorption by 9, and both systems by 2 plants. There were 148 machines in use, with a combined capacity of 3,239 tons of ice per day of 24 hours, or an average of 21.9 tons per machine during the year 1914. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 28, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Kansas for 1914 and 1909. Table 28 Number of establishments Persons engaged. : Proprietors aiid firm members.. Salaried employees j Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower -Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost ol materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDBIES. Number or amount. 1914 1909 150 138 1,853 1,751 180 168 66 93 1,607 1,490 ■ 2,664 1,958 $1,181,164 $1,026,904 743,410 633,752 69,707 67,329 683,703 666,423 1,860 9,610 51,736 40,345 325,076 285,734 1,695,799 1^485,967 Per cent ofin- 1909- 1914. 8.7 6.8 7.1 "7."9 36.1 15.0 17.3 -11.3 20.7 -80.7 28.2 13.8 14.1 'A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; per cent not shown where base is less than 100. In 1914 Kansas ranked twentieth among the states in amount received for laundry work done and twenty- fourth in number of persons engaged in the laundry industry. The table shows increases in all items with the exception of salaried employees, salaries, and contract work. The amount received for work done increased 14.1 per cent and that of the average number of wage earners 7.9 per cent. Estabhsh- ments owned by individuals reported 49.9 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 20 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 30.1 per cent. Table 29 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative ,589 20,071 149,028 2.5,293 123,735 35,277 24,937 10,340 16,628 16,402 121,133 46,490 9,345 7,990 9,186 20,329 32,133 32,910 3,850 185,562 11,800 82,469 228,601 26,900 192,395 9,306 23,231 43,230 9,660 9,309 2,662 60O 2,820 1,102 63,551 62,993 40,418 12,576 30,161 108,123 1,527 1,000 2,540 2,540 1,480 372,409 151,829 15,313 8,820 4,756 24,470 31,347 9,920 18,957 14,550 12,390 13,800 11,849 5,120 5,367 49,653 19,663 12,806 31,163 574,959 672,712 25,020 13,632 164,843 27,759 127,074 13,201 8,722 4,479 12,365 10,040 29,030 58,056 27,618 19,785 10,961 22,526 60,073 31,004 3,415 162, 849 1,500 18,466 65,683 472,070 82,630 382, bSO 7,060 26,963 40,094 12,744 1,000 40, 3, 15, 608, 723, 520,036 81,685 379,350 24,806 24,900 93,129 84,647 8,482 73,321 5,874,089 673,422 122, 111 19,469 203,196 90,963 112,233 79,722 129,762 84,069 74,700 1,680,387 50,446 1,048,821 216,446 833,376 224,457 159,709 64,748 36,881 367,345 2,766 436,123 344,016 156,302 85,010 79,036 121,770 31, 111 122,931 13,423 752,161 2,652 33,095 334,261 1,176,894 165,645 1,009,818 1,431 173,606 273,677 61, 105 6,530 75 4,680 14,910 14,910 1,140 87 44,902 160 160 60 740 3,858 "7,"566 9,948 950 8,998 4,628 2,147 3,642 602 "ie 7,957 7,487 85,977 11,930 74,047 170 1,438 1,704 892 • Same number reported for one or 516 1,599 635 300 1,971 876 1,928 102,896 5,162 90 5,072 3.169 7,658 1,648 740 6,802 6,016 786 460 7,659 1,560 26,696 18,704 6,892 1,860 10,402 6,307 20,335 1,390 16,878 i;762 15,116 2,360 870 90 500 840 447 4,900 8,960 3,074 9,607 5,573 560 420 42,883 97,270 8,862 86,371 2,037 27,331 2,564 2,691 371 331 21,137 19,968 14,164 5,804 3,541 22,627 336 743 3,837 3,760 -87 2,992 84,466 48,196 9,627 2,462 10,124 3,703 6,421 2,704 2,736 4,346 3,392 204,089 3,368 42,096 10,666 31,429 6,324 4,661 1,663 6,804 3,868 44 60,616 17,003 6,980 6,149 5,538 7,015 6,946 4,544 910 116,796 86 2,253 12,019 42,564 6,531 35,877 156 12,347 13,863 1,149 151,027 129,444 10,865 7,095 4,089 30,169 2,119,654 181,311 106,544 74,767 236,941 8,153,806 5,538 92,300 117,701 107.801 9,900 48,794 5,874,162 614,264 474,079 289,485 702,867 275,644 427,223 316,016 236,294 522,154 412,676 63,668,966 356,483 2,076,348 726,494 1,360,854 331,827 234,841 96,986 16.611 128, 145 3,036 175,767 1,045,607 366,406 239,642 211,389 350, 131 166, 133 206,909 20,934 6,642,521 3,838 292,792 458, 760 1,764,347 120,053 1,640,473 3,821 687,340 434,461 50,600 2,473 2,257 619 1,446 776 101,052 453,668 370,071 83,697 3,951 61,926 1,169 728 4,811 4,604 307 1,765 423,077 784,538 4,966 1,937 28,621 7,275 21,346 491 2,683 4,466 10,882 673,206 12,384 120,591 62,022 68,569 17,516 12,126 5,390 49,812 73,445 100 331,673 19,625 9,459 4,748 8,541 52,979 2,032 47,316 259 542,440 297 5,271 15,677 64,922 5,753 69, 149 20 6,508 226,413 2,297 1,149 50,600 2,297 161,042 108, Dmizmhy mhr6gm<3'- )re otfier months. ■' ' Same nuj 314, 704 293,268 25,160 24,890 129,803 15,360 66,773 3,914,365 1,963,307 1,385,852 567,455 448,612 9,656,878 60,865 138, 100 317,518 290,771 26,747 138.881 12,889,361 3,161,900 726,992 396,366 1,251,986 630,150 721,835 442,899 629,372 958,686 623,819 72,894,736 623,102 4,356,679 1,205,582 3,161,097 678,744 .457,632 221,112 224,502 728,68] 11,546 1,794,797 1,817,900 841,705 447,315 622,158 609, 736 413,040 492, 121 60,103 8,922,718 12,403 393, 127 1,386,784 5,479,833 620,954 4,731,133 127, 746 1,173,689 1,334,269 161,204 161,557 13,676 16,349 60,609 11, 182 36, 829 1,693,669 1,318,328 909,237 409,091 208,720 1,341,146 44,158 45,072 195,006 178,466 16,540 88,322 6,692,122 1,763,098 104,943 620,497 247,231 273,266 126,392 290,395 432,066 200,262 8,652,i>64 254,236 2,159,740 418,066 1,741,674 329,401 210,665 118,736 158,079 527,091 8,410 1,287,367 752,668 465,840 202,926 302,228 206,626 244,875 237,897 38,910 1,737,757 8,268 95,064 912,467 3,650,564 495, 148 3,031,511 123,905 479, 841 673,395 108, 145 -,254 233 40 21 4 38 1,003 7,239 6,009 2,230 142 2,466 86 125 210 191 19 1,272 9,984 22,037 140 118 945 173 772 245 141 90S 46,015 1,046 3,962 796 3,156 1,179 747 432 1,544 195 21 17,228 2,101 605 302 469 2,344 63 960 4 4,423 7 188 689 2,613 294 2,319 197 4,791 46 47 25 99 120 110 153 5,166 1,888 3,641 1,515 1,841 100 35 35 14,275 15 200 30 905 27,318 330 670 20 650 625 350 275 1,467 20 15,780 810 206 40 176 2,100 885 3,494 177 25 4,465 1,188 700 37 227 33 6 55 44 11 1,101 106 7,762 190 11 179 46 55 10 5,090 307 157 539 134 134 36 162 960 90 102 114 34 10 75 81 901 13 19 134 143 29 22 16 4 38 740 196 180 15 105 397 63 120 112 171 50 125 118 432 162 270 43 101 7,371 409 2,610 619 1,891 420 397 23 42 13 21 1,009 310 160 178 210 43 260 7 11 607 1,622 274 1,348 149 324 36 7 467 364 103 423 30 10,669 734 2,707 60 350 '356 372 317 485 407 4 121 121 70 ' Same number reported throughout the year. 468 MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INIIU3TET AMD CITV. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEE30N3 ENQAOED IN THE INDIiaTET. WAGE EARNERS— NUMBEB DEO. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perm- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximimi month. Minimum month. . THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES- Continued. 12 Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, zmc Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances Tobacco, cigars Trunks and valises . Vinegar and cider... Wall plaster Washing machines and clothes wringers. Windmills Wirework, including woven-wire fencing. All other industries * 26 5 9 12,130 873 657 17 ....„ 75 19 25 1,973 38 63 181 S 14 9,884 811 449 4 35 2 5 1 5 22 117 4 5 4 530 19 13 164 137 1 5 3 3 2 9 24 4 6 360 11 6 132 18 5 5 41 4 3 9 3 22 4 5 22 84 6 5 2 5 3 8 ....„ 11 62 112 3,563 85 107 310 57 3,004 Ja 11,015 Uh 902 Au 552 Jy> 23 My 367 De 22 No 23 Fe 153 De> Au 8,981 Au 719 De 319 De« 21 Ja My a My > Au Au 11 351 8 2 114 18 11 55 10,414 751 349 21 361 22 21 142 9,570 751 349 172 20 21 142 23 11 75 839 185 2 $47,093, 203 3,562,863 1,269,722 93,691 386,040 44,280 61,217 797,754 92,397 39,250 257,813 11,166,087 * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs 1 Automobiles 2 Bags, other than paper 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 2 Bluing 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boxes, cirar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 3 Boxes, wooden packing 6 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 2 Brushes 1 Buttons 1 Canning vegetables 2 Cars, steam-railioad, not including operations of railroad companies 2 Cheese 1 Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, women's 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Condensed milk, and miiv products, other than butter and cheese 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 2 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engmes, steam, gas, and water. 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 2 Fertilizers.... 4 Flavoring extracts 2 Furnishing goods, men's l Furs, dressed J 1 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas machines, and gas and water meters .....'... 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Grease and tallow, not Including lubricating greases 1 Hair work 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 KANSAS CITY— All industries.. Bread and other bakery products Butter 201 15,711 186 215 2,010 205 13,095 No 13,874 My 12, 377 13,626 12,568 991 64 5 (56,012,136 ? 38 4 7 3 6 4 9 7 14 6 4 5 11 9 3 11 3 57 160 13 79 1,492 69 142 36 233 753 93 19 21 34 62 7 10,546 1,969 42 5 16 8 3 12 5 16 1 6 7 11 9 4 3 3 35 3 15 3 87 . 8 61 1,386 64 126 23 154 624 82 13 13 21 37 3 8,792 No De u Oc3 Se My Au Au3 My Ja No 91 9 97 1,630 69 145 24 237 693 137 16 17 26 42 3 9,907 Fes 83 Se 7 Ja 39 Ja 1,152 Ve' 44 Fe 105 Fe" 22 Fe 96 No 488' Fe» 16 De" 12 Fe» 10 De» 19 Se 34 (') 3 Au 7,961 90 9 52 1,379 52 129 23 235 511 101 12 15 19 40 3 9,313 81 9 62 1,378 60 129 23 .235 610 100 12 16 12 32 3 8,520 9 151,934 4,102 100,600 2,751,118 105,216 286,642 36,320 1,868,469 1,912,.609 510,482 18,750 26,949 37,208 41,109 12,800 40,638,447 1 645 7,508,836 ^ 4 Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. ■■■42' 1 8 ...... 25 9 2 60 4 3 1 55 75 1 ....„ 2 2 ...... 13 5 ft 1 1 1 7 8 Copper, tin, and sheet -iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. T(V>, man^iff^pt"TPd ...,..,, 9 in 1 1 11 1? Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Printing and publishing, job printing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 13 ....„ 4 • 1 1 1 1 14 15 IB 6 7 1 1 17 18 Slaughtering and meat packing 44 1,574 133 789 4 19 All other industries * 70 217 36 1,611 1,643 1,405 177 57 4 » All other industries embrace — Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Bags, other than paper 1 Baskets and rattan and willow ware.. 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brick and tile 1 Brooms 1 Brushes 1 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction atid repairs by electric-r^lroad compames Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Druggists' preparations 11 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate 1 ' Owned power only. i Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 469 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For coiltract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $256,950 83,659 55,261 6,380 3,276 3,150 1,360 17,238 5,700 2,370 7,680 286,556 $2,332,775 60,378 90,231 4,223 23,343 656 24,991 12,360 1,794 12,288 390,704 $5,907,907 633,467 295,091 11,795 165,128 7,515 3,036 95,713 13,959 7,456 40,217 1,753,447 $11,675 11,280 7,000 $17,881 120 15,299 2,880 300 200 420 180 74,258 1,801 $472,338 20,807 12,423 1,044 60,814 335 260 3,536 1,104 331 881 93,962 $135,053,008 3,589,815 1,978,371 16,943 284,620 9,622 18,000 86,886 19,843 12,410 173,788 13,288,047 $898,535 643,630 22,003 624 2,545 392 769 39,198 1,351 2,507 430,237 $151,647,123 5,258,613 2,518,777 60,297 663,105 29,573 33,040 297,018 92,176 35,022 246,384 18,575,994 $15,695,580 1,045,168 518,403 42,730 375,940 19,659 14,271 170,934 70,982 21,807 70,089 4,857,710 24,376 3,474 27 35 114 1,321 114 44 155 9,700 20,946 2,517 90 12 1,100 63 15 6,814 30 180 124 16 15 138 631 3,400 777 718 U 11 35 72 200 49 S 2 2,255 10,789 594 104 40 2,763 12 Hardware 1 flats, straw 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Jewelry 2 Lamps. 1 Lard, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Lithographing 1 Lumber and timber products 2 Millinery and lace goods 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Oil, linseed 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Pencils, lead 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Pottery, earthen and stone ware 1 Poultiy, killing and dressing 8 Refrigerators 1 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 2 Scales and balances 1 Sewing machines and attachsgients - . - 1 Smeltmg and refining, lead 1 Soap 4 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 3 Sugar, beet 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Tobacco, smoking. 1 Toys and games 2 Type founding 2 Varnishes 1 Window and door screens 1 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $561,132 $2,417,420 $8,175,788 $28,418 $88,346 $561,361 $138,086,929 $1,179,633 $169,700,168 $20,433,606 33,472 26,085 730 7 6,650 12,883 1 4,800 15,374 65,316 5,320 33,128 1,041,882 41,030 71,332 16,910 126,425 457,052 63,328 9,800 14,358 13,307 27,856 2,400 5,226,240 1,342 8,034 1,092 240 2,253 59 949 9,611 825 2,207 422 14,219 16,725 6,286 263 534 435 417 206 444,188 403 61,369 209,272 36,410 88,760 1,240,968 186,368 299,576 22,330 4,964,182 2,246,742 16,793 24,070 24,892 20,865 17,516 12,060 119,457,372 1,450 9,217,303 9,920 478 1,381 66,614 6,510 319 415 30,963 72,202 50,452 541 223 664 935 140 709,044 393,816 52,384 147,220 2,468,961 261,790 414,809 59,650 5,652,901 3,158,499 258,366 40,100 56,357 54,380 85,993 21,000 133,826,338 4,250 12,853,354 174,624 15,496 57,079 1,161,379 68,912 114,914 36,905 557,766 839,555 191,121 15,489 31,242 32,861 67,642 8,800 13,659,922 2,800 3,397,209 46 20 165 975 290 245 ""ioo' 975 10 200 2 10 27 44 10 38 • """536' 30" 2 3 1,000 51,865 3,484 11,349 600 77,561 88,577 360 4 57,011 2,270 13,800 5 3,008 1,860 1,425 1,300 6,871 168 45 112 H 7 • 8 27,382 68,746 11,697 3,067 1,165 2,948 105 20 23 38 1 19,898 1,460 135 2,948 35 945 163 55 175 ""9," 599" q 292 85 10 11 490 684 2,760 2,073 1,060 2,115 60 56,284 65 5 20 10 11 1 2,528 l"* 72 625 855 13 2,400 4,648 920 9,658 13 27 14 15 16 173,232 1,880,335 11,175 17,370 17 18 195,146 285,363 960,104 5,031 238,842 4,476 2,862 288 7 1,319 2,325 19 FertiBiers 3 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Grease and tallow 1 Lard, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Mineral and soda waters 2 Models and patterns 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Patent medicines and compounds 2 Petroleum, refining 1 Scales and balances 1 Sewing machines and attachments ... 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Soap 3 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids ... 1 Type-founding 1 Varnishes 1 Wirework 1 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 470 MANUFACTURES-KANSAS. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- Usb- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS— NTMBEK DEC. 16, OB NEAREST BEPEE3ENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Balar ried offi- cers, su- perm- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, eta Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. WICHITA— All industries. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . Flour-mill and gristmill products . Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Lumber, planlng-mlll products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing, book and job Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 199 2,437 178 50 189 22 35 306 113 S8 176 14 33 116 150 245 921 132 22 294 S3 128 16 26 1,705 Jy- 1,811 Ja 1,571 1,763 1,466 297 t7, 129 18 24 181 83 49 137 51 107 113 747 Je No My 3 Oc' Se Jy Oca Je No' My Oca De (') 156 21 26 226 99 60 166 7 25 56 111 118 Ja Jy Dea De My Ja Fe Ja 114 17 18 158 73 34 116 Fe 45 De 103 Ja 109 (') 3 43 149 17 26 199 83 40 139 7 24 54 103 118 3 758 43 92 17 26 199 40 139 108 57 311,268 62,450 26,599 2,491,217 267,538 694,095 474,725 28,020 74, 146 214,113 251,946 373, 189 5,300 1,818,332 *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 3 Bluing 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 2 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products.. 1 Brooms 4 Butter 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon material 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames 1 Cars and general shop construction and repau's by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, men's 2 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery and ice cream 3 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COI"'BINBD. 1 Atchison 60 27 45 33 71 23 27 41 73 28 45 48 161 869 190 628 527 1,265 169 219 616 1,546 1,161 1,288 545 5,766 50 31 47 31 66 21 34 43 71 29 50 36 168 44 9 24 28 44 10 8 24 68 14 33 33 162 50 12 41 28 125 7 24 51 137 66 106 40 476 31 7 19 18 24 8 11 20 37 12 21 17 142 684 131 497 422 1,006 123 142 478 1,233 1,040 1,078 420 4,828 Oc My Mh No No Ja Ap Jy Se Se Au 758 151 566 453 1,228 243 190 529 1,306 1,361 1,103 468 5,142 My De De Se Jy Oo Mh De Mh Ap Ja Fe Fe 634 112 431 396 894 88 90 401 1,140 712 1,045 360 4,531 760 133 674 439 1,144 265 186 '493 1,268 1,184 1,114 454 4,896 653 90 564 333 893 256 84 370 1,160 1,083 1,083 326 4,386 104 19 20 105 246 9 102 122 106 100 30 128 497 3 24 2,072,526 429,781 2,091,505 891,829 3,276,706 487,478 222,277 1,627,982 2,757,960 1,514,489 1,801,208 3,268,531 14,230,957 9 ^ COFFETVILLE 4 1 6 H 6 Independence 7 s Lawrence 1 2 1 1 ...... q 10 11 PiTTSBUErG 1? n T'nP'R'K'A , 9 4 • Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KANSAS. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 471 EXPENSES. Value ot products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Elec- tric horse- power gener- -atedin estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ot power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec tnc (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MOBE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES— Continued. $280,326 $358,938 $1,089,226 $8,466 $57,099 $65, 472 $7,875,683 $152,973 $11,668,331 $3,639,675 7,447 3,447 376 3,610 4,797 13,298 2,454 19,815 70,244 13,870 12,680 25,100 1,092 94, 187 8,600 3,930 29,300 1,990 27,133 16,103 31,424 3,503 45,899 17,226 52,190 63,687 80,762 24, 776 55,504 13,107 21,133 120,650 77,574 37,992 99,241 7,102 15,386 22,646 72.669 80,542 1,822 439,082 500 304 6,861 1,946 1,289 630 755 16 1,720 6,230 1,267 13, 131 5,540 273 24,545 1,220 2,397 634 254 14, .576 3,465 7,422 8,952 717 4,477 2,093 3,237 1,278 14,452 34,879 232,805 11, 626 35,045 5,279,567 175, 122 28,720 425,602 14,365 42,120 110, 753 75, 119 ' 133,010 5,061 1,271,899 859 11,251 376 239 59,841 5,155 19,436 4,688 1,316 2,554 5,030 110 40,727 98,948 441,327 33,377 81, 124 6,487,986 329,083 161,026 654,691 33,835 87, 484 302,820 258,997 606,195 12,991 2,173,447 63,210 197, 271 21,375 45,840 1,148,578 148,806 112, 870 224,401 18,982 44,471 190,751 181,324 368,155 7,820 865,821 102 203 15 1 3,095 266 849 525 19 66 18 144 308 25 110 10 1,650 750 135 1,836 712 194 210 99 320 11 54 18 144 241 114 14 916 297 Engraving, steel and copper plate 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Food preparations 3 Furniture 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Hair work 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Jewelry , 1 Lamps and reflectors 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied ! 1 Lithographing 1 Mineral and soda waters 2 Photo-engraving 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 3 Poultry, killing and dressing 1 Refrigerators 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Shirts 1 Signs and advertising novelties i Stoves and hot-air furnaces i Surgical appliances j Trunks and valises ^ Type founding , Wirework , CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED. $70,350 13,448 50,376 38,660 81,230 13,036 9,096 44, 195 125, 410 23,637 63,436 60,597 315,306 $62,848 15,203 63,087 29,028 118, 479 8,949 8,400 56,245 170,670 63,197 107,925 44, 559 651,337 $402,983 68,928 355,845 246,664 684,072 97,653 69,064 263,335 707, 660 577,582 713, 754 243,757 2, 766, 223 $2,873 3,451 175 928 3,970 1,480 1,218 $15,201 3,893 7,981 10,313 16,059 4,540 5,252 9,784 15,629 9,078 19,969 10, 984 56,079 $22,486 6,023 28,325 9,643 38,288 6,479 4,646 20,296 38, 150 23,300 22,850 24, 824 109, 249 $2,930,030 260,826 2,542,956 1,058,772 3,769,641 119,085 238,881 2,089,085 3,252,316 1,478,430 859, 4B3 2,999,751 14, 722, 480 $51,066 10, 747 153, 622 24, 044 341,269 19, 714 6,070 47, 242 69,083 63,189 113, 137 51,996 258, 767 $3,898,620 495, 638 3, 788, 259 1,580,275 6, 609, 497 341,596 407,336 2,909,962 4,776,223 2,372,301 2.168,880 3,761,6,'52 20, 684, 520 $917,524 234,066 1,091,681 496,559 1,498,687 202,797 162,385 773,635 1,454,824 830,682 1, 196, 290 709, 905 5, 703, 273 2,609 764 2,632 817 5,618 541 188 3,911 2,901 2,635 2,363 3,075 9,494 1,424 587 1,654 595 4,060 420 35 1,957 1,924 2,335 1,502 1,701 7,186 268 135 747 69 16 38 17 6 96 105 325 760 648 1,500 ISO 917 42 231 153 1,542 83 136 448 881 195 536 464 1,660 65 25 403 80 405 10 585 778 1,422 1,508 725 2,929 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® KENTUCKY. By Henky W. Sandmeyer. GEHERAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^The region now constituting Kentucky was originally included within the hmits of Virginia, but in 1792 was admitted to the Union as a separate state. With a gross area of 40,598 square miles, of which 40,181 represent land surface, it ranks thirty-sixth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 2,147,174, and in 1910, 2,289,905; and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,351,000. In total population Kentucky ranked fourteenth among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked tweKth, with 57 inhabitants per square imle, as compared with 53.4 in 1900. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 555,442, or 24.3 per cent of the total, as against 21.8 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 nine municipalities, each bar- ing an estimated population of more than 10,000; Covington, Frankfort, Henderson, Hopkinsville, Lex- ington, Louisville, Newport, Owensboro, and Paducah. These cities, whose aggregate popiolation in that year formed 18.5 per cent of the estimated population of Kentucky, reported 62.1 per cent of the state's manu- factured products. The rapidly improving railway systems, with the Mis- sissippi, Ohio, Cumberland, and Teimessee Rivers and a number of smaller navigable rivers, together furnish ex- cellent transportation facilities for the greater part of the state. The steam-railway mileage in 1 9 1 4 amounted to 3,780, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are available) was 502. The total value of farm crops grown in 1909 was $138,973,107, the most important products being corn, valued at $50,449,112, and tobacco, at $39,868,753. The output of the mines and quarries of Kentucky in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was valued at $26,668,474, the leading item being bituminous coal, in the produc- tion of which the state ranked fifth in that year. Importance and growth of mannfactures. — Ken- tucky's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $230,248,909, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 64,586. In that year the state ranked twenty-fourth in the former respect and twenty-eighth in the latter; the corresponding rank in 1909 was twentieth and twenty- seventh, respectively. The output of manufactured products in Kentucky in 1914 represented nine-tenths of 1 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the corresponding proportion for both 1909 and 1904 was 1.1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state of Kentucky, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUFACTUKINO INIIXrSTEIES. 1911 1909 1904 1899 FEB CENT OF INCEEASE.l 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salted employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Samries and wages Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value ot products less cost of materials) . 4,184 77,865 4,148 9,131 64,586 238,314 1193,423,069 43,163,401 11,323,118 31,830,283 1,352,415 39,890,013 114,829,223 230,248,909 115,419,686 4,776 79,060 5,050 8,610 65,400 230,224 $172,778,805 37,491,045 9,603,373 27,887,672 1,052,093 36,243,768 111,779,317 223,754,497 111,975,180 3,734 69, 755 4,108 5,853 59,794 174,625 $147,282,478 30,309,931 5,871,247 24,438,684 1,569,713 8 1,041,671 86,545,464 159,753,968 73,208,504 t4 3,648 4,356 51,735 144,161 $87,995,822 22,638,883 4,184,631 18,454,262 67,406,202 126,608,660 59,102,458 -12.4 -1.5 -17.9 6.1 -1.2 3.5 11.9 15.1 17.9 14.1 28. S 10.1 2.7 2.9 3.1 27.9 13.3 22.9 47.1 9.4 31.8 17.3 23.7 63.6 14.1 -33.0 2.4 34.4 15.6 21.1 67.4 33.9 40.3 32.4 29.2 40.1 63.0 28.4 26.3 23.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. » Excluding internal revenue. With two exceptions, every item in the table shows either a smaller percentage of increase for the period 1909-1914 than for the preceding five years or an Digitized by IVIicrosoft® actual decrease for the later period, as against an in- crease for the earUer. The two exceptions are wages and the amount paid for contract work. For the (473) 474 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. former the percentage of increase was the same for both five-year periods; for the latter the percentages of increase and decrease are no indication of either expansion or depression in industrial activities, since the expenditure for contract work depends upon the methods followed in business and not on the magni- tude of the operations. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and percentages of in- crease for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 INDUSTRY. CENSUS OF 19U. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bution, Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bution, Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. PEK CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 Value of {iroducts. 1909- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 190»- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 All industries Liquors, distilled Flour-mill and gristmill products Lumber and timber products Tobacco manufactures Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Foundry and mactiine-shop products. Printing and publishing Liquors, malt Clothing, men's, including shirts Carriages and wagons and materials. . Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Slaughtering and meat packing Bread and other bakery products Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . . Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products Leather goods Canning and preserving -. Furniture , Patent medicines and compounds, and druggusts' preparations Cotton goods Confectionery Coflee, roasting and grinding Food preparations Paints Ice, manufactured Coke Marble and stone work Woolen and worsted good^ Mineral and soda waters Cordage and twine Woodj turned and carved Fertilizers Musical instruments, pianos, and organs, and materials Stoves and hot-air furnaces Vinegar and cider Paving materials Gas, illuminating and heating Clothing, women's Brooms All other industries 4,184 64,586 100.0 $230,248,909 100.0 $115,419,686 100.0 9.4 15.6 2.9 40.1 3.1 53.0 23.9 167 442 1,299 153 23 6 114 414 15 63 130 11 28 236 12 7. 18 13 12 20 319 1,447 13,337 3,326 8,485 1,987 3,701 3,028 980 2,928 1,897 600 223 794 379 2,309 690 694 1,158 376 1,158 628 92 84 151 766 472 450 676 269 606 465 132 444 487 39 679 232 320 179 4,678 3.2 2.3 20.7 6.2 13.1 3.1 6.7 4.7 1.5 4.5 2.9 0.9 0.3 1.5 0.7 1.2 0.6 3.6 0.9 0.9 1.8 0.6 1.8 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.1 1.1 0.4 0.5 0.3 7.2 48,862,526 21,229,203 20,667,^5 16,146,626 13,344,242 9,077,908 8,697,064 6,983,581 5,828,468 5,652,921 4,647,467 4,198,575 4, 109, 409 3,347,067 2,575,383 2,440,161 2,405,818 2,30.5,597 2,267,223 2,265,958 2,184,464 2,162,942 1,991,346 1, 894, 810 1, 561, 153 1, 641, 775 1, 518, 729 1,471,866 1,266,423 1,057,909 933,933 930, 154 883,293 869, 192 793,032 760, 621 754,407 700,360 617,242 588,915 562,617 603,440 17,768,814 21.2 9.2 9.0 7.0 6.8 3.9 3.8 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 7.7 38,663,342 3,809,749 10,397,892 8,484,025 6,085,347 1,922,970 5,156,046 5,018,689 4,299,099 2,538,653 2,093,308 966,441 438,547 1,404,922 900, 178 1,026,079 606, 695 1,657-, 564 756,938 899, 197 1,199,504 1,408,337 661,369 809,823 319, 699 389,206 463,974 1,031,870 435,416 610,592 322, 733 492,381 272,331 350, 144 293,955 390,695 517, 225 320,789 483,480 398. 747 289,689 192,629 6,761,528 33.5 3.3 9.0 7.4 6.3 1.7 4.6 4.3 3.7 2.2 1.8 0.8 0.4 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.6 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 5.9 -17.4 2.3 -16.3 51.4 -16.2 -17.4 -3.4 -3.2 -23.9 -31.7 -4.8 -37.0 0.8 6.6 -9.6 -18.3 -5.5 -27.5 -9.0 6.8 34.3 10.9 -8.3 61.4 -36.4 3.4 62.3 546.6 -11.8 17.5 19.0 32.6 -28.7 164.0 29.4 -13.7 -2.6 77.8 2.0 6.1 0.1 22.2 10.4 67.6 -17.6 36.6 2.4 . 1.6 -13.5 -25.0 32.4 -35.4 -16.6 12.1 0.7 -1.5 25.6 -0.7 34.6 1.3 9.4 62.9 2,066.7 2.1 36.8 20.7 28.6 -10.8 69.2 66.2 -7.1 -12.3 -4.7 4.4 -64.6 28.4 30.8 10.0 -12.6 21.7 -25.7 36.3 26.4 32.8 21.7 -10.1 -7.6 22.8 198.2 -17.1 17.9 37.9 6.2 6.5 23.7 31.5 63.8 79.7 48.4 'i7.'7' 737.2 10.1 -5.1 -3.3 -13.2 104.2 16.7 -9.7 8.2 17.8 -8.2 -1.0 -37.4 0.3 -20.7 -7.8 7.2 -7.2 -4.5 22.0 30.7 1.9 4.7 -16.0 6.7 -22.6 S9.7 1,142.6 -0.2 -26.9 46.0 -18.2 25.7 2.2 29.2 -8.8 34.9 295.9 24.2 4.0 24.7 13.9 26.1 80.0 34.7 -5.9 -6.6 7.3 16.3 60.0 68.3 -10.9 208.1 16.4 14.6 69.4 11.7 19.9 21.5 65.2 173.8 6,468.2 91.8 61.4 14.5 38.3 29.2 -9.4 35.1 23.2 -7.3 46.6 16.3 83.4 50.2 5.2 10.0 36.3 102.1 8.8 67.4 10.3 114.1 -6.0 46.9 47.4 54.8 44.4 0.4 101.6 80.6 4.1 76.8 16.4 14.9 -43.2 30.4 350.9 8.1 2.9 -4.8 -16.6 67.4 -13.3 5.4 4.4 16.9 -13.8 -6.9 -46.7 0.9 12.0 8.7 -16.7 -21.1 17.8 33.1 3.0 -7.4 -17.0 13.9 90.7 -38.1 24.7 676. 8 -14.0 -23.1 17.7 -26.5 -23.9 8.1 23.4 -9.8 75.8 456.4 27.2 -7.2 13.0 30.6 13.7 74.2 32.5 -9.0 -9.8 -11.2 -25.2 68.7 41.1 7.4 32.9 16.0 -5.2 95.9 7.6 10.2 78.6 45.9 192.7 1,940.0 63.5 46.8 -29.1 41.4 -15.7 81.0 27.5 -12.2 100.0 21.1 10.8 -58.7 4.0 31.0 39.9 -16.0 40.6 -10.3 47.8 89.0 64.5 60.1 2.4 66.7 27.1 68.8 -2.2 -42.2 30.2 104.5 51.6 54.5 -39.9 -18.4 108.1 7.4 -15.2 34.4 49.6 -41.3 27.1 -4.9 4.5 44.5 43.2 -42.1 -14.5 -9.0 -1.1 1.6 64.8 1 Percentages are based on figures in table 31; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. vSeparate statistics are presented for 42 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $500,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 5 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 5 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 20 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 12 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. A number of industries which reported products greater in value than that of some of the industries shown in the table, are included under the heading Digitized by "all other industries" because statistics for them can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclosing the operations of individual establish- ments. The more important of these industries are: Agricultural implements; boots and shoes; iron and steel, blast furnaces; oil, cotton seed, and cake; and soap. The industries in this table are arranged in the orde/ of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURED— KENTUCKY. 475 or value added by manufacture. The distilled-liquor, flotir-mill, lumber, and tobacco industries and steam- railroad repair shops, the leading industries in regard to value of products, show more or less pronounced variations in this r-espect. The manufacture of dis- tilled liquors ranked first in value of products and value added by manufacture but eighth in number of wage earners. The disproportionately high rank of this industry in value of products and value added by manufacture is due to the fact that the amount of internal-revenue tax paid is included in these items, with the result that the latter represents much more than the value actually added to the materials by the manufacturing processes. The flour-mill and grist- mill industry, second in value of products, was eleventh in number of wage earners and eighth in value added by manufacture. The high rank of this industry in value of products, as compared with its much lower ranks in value added and number of wage earners, results from the fact that the manufacturing processes are largely performed by machinery and require few operatives in comparison with most other indus- tries. The lumber industry, third in value of products, was second in value added by manufacture and first in number of wage earners ; the manufacture of tobacco, fourth in value of products, was third in value added by manufacture and fourth in number of wage earners ; and the operations of steam-railroad repair shops was fifth in value of products, fourth in value added by manufactmre, and second in number of wage earners. In rank according to value of products there were few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, the distilled-liquor, flour, lumber, and tobacco industries held the same ranks at both censuses. The operations of steam-railroad repair shops and of steel works and rolling mills, foundries and machine shops, and the printing and publishing industry, ranking fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth, respectively, in 1914, were eighth, sixth, fifth, and ninth, respectively, in 1909. For some of the remaining industries there were no changes, and for others there were slight changes in rank from census to census. Liquors, distilled. — At the 1914 census 157 estabhsh- ments were reported as engaged in the manufacture of distilled Hquors in Kentucky. The value of prod- ucts reported by these establishments and the average tiimiber of wage earners employed by them represented 21.2 per cent and 3.2 per cent, respectively, of the cor- responding totals for all industries in the state. (As already explained, the value of products for this in- dustry is abnormally high because of the inclusion of the amounts paid as internal-revenue taxes.) During the five-year period 1909-1914 the value of products increased from $44,360,104 to $48,862,526, or by 10.1 per cent, and the value added by manufacture in- creased from $35,758,686 to $38,653,342, or by 8.1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® per cent; while the average niimber of wage earners decreased from 2,539 to 2,098, or by 17.4 per cent. Measured by value of output, Kentucky ranked second among the states in 1914 in the manufacture of dis- tilled liquors. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^The statistics for this industry include all mills, except those grinding for toll or local consumption. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there were increases in number of establishments, average number of wage earners, and value added by manufacture, but decreases in cost of materials and value of products. The average number of wage earners increased by 3.3 per cent, but the value of products decreased by 5.1 per cent. Lumber and timber products. — ^This industry embraces the operations of logging camps, sawmills, planing mills, and wooden packing-box factories, and the manufacture of window and door screens. Although it ranked only third in 1914, as measured by value of products, it employed more wage earners by far than any other industry in the state. The increase in average number of wage earners during the period 1909-1914 was comparatively small, amounting to only 295, or 2.3 per cent, and a decrease of $713,279, or 3.3 per cent, in value of products is shown. The value of products in 1914 slightly exceeded that in 1904. Tobacco manufactures. — This classification includes establishments engaged in the manvifacture of cigars and of chewing and smoking tobacco. The industry shows, for the period 1909-1914, decreases in number of establishments, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, the percentages of decrease being 32.3, 16.3, 13.2, and 16.6, respectively. Oars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. — This industry represents the work done in the car shops operated by steam- raOroad companies and is almost exclusively confined to repairs on the rolling stock of the roads which they operate; it does not, however, cover minor repairs in roundhouses. The number of establishments in this industry decreased by one between 1909 and 1914, but the average number of wage earners increased by 51.4 per cent, the value of products, by 104.2 per cent, and the value added by manufacture, by 67.4 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — - Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age periods. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Of the total number of persons engaged in manuf ac- tiu-es in 1914, nearly five-sixths were wage earners; and of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, more 476 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. than six-sevenths were males. The wage earners under 16 constituted only four-tenths of 1 per cent of the total number of wage earners in 1914, as against more than 1 per cent in 1909. In each year more than two-thirds of the wage earners imder 16 were boys. Figiires for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 32. Tables Cen- sus year. PEK30NS ENGAGED IN MANTWACTUB- INO rNDUSTBIES. CLASS. Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANDPAGTUE- INQ INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. Male. I'e- male. AUclaasea 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 77,865 79,060 67,521 67,860 10,344 11,200 86.7 85.8 13.3 14.2 Clerks and other subordinate sala- a914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 6,122 6,681 64,586 65,400 4,794 4,443 65,781 65,636 1,328 1,238 8,805 9,764 78.3 78.2 86.4 85.1 21.7 2L8 Wage earners (average number) . . . 16 years of age and over Proprietors and officials 7,157 7,979 6,946 7,781 211 198 97.1 97.5 2.9 2.5 13.6 14.9 Proprietors and firm members.. Salaried officers of corporations . . Superintendents and managers. . 4,148 6,050 1,272 1,304 1,737 1,626 4,002 4,893 1,235 1,274 1,709 1,614 146 157 37 30 28 11 ' 96.5 96.9 97.1 97.7 98.4 99.3 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.3 1.6 0.7 64,299 64,567 287 833 66,582 66,072 199 664 8,717 9,495 88 269 86.4 85.3 69.3 67.7 13.6 14.7 30.7 32.3 Table 4 gives, for the persons engaged in manufac- tures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. During the five-year period covered by the table there were decreases in each of the several classes of employees, except superintendents and managers and clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. The decrease of 17.9 per cent in the number of proprietors and firm members follows the decrease in number of estabhshments, and may be traced largely to the lum- ber industry, in which many small mills operated by individuals or firms were discontinued between cen- suses. The decrease in wage earners 16 years of age and over, however, was due entirely to the reduction in the number of females employed, there being a sHght increase in the number of males. The employ- ment of children imder 16 years of age, as wage earn- ers, shows a marked decHne since 1909. The decrease of 65.5 per cent shown for this class was shared ia almost equal proportions by the two sexes. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUBING INDtrSTKIES. Per cent of increase,^ 1909-1914. Total. -1.5 -10.3 -17.9 -2.5 6.9 7.8 -1.2 -0.4 -65.5 Male. -0.5 -10.7 -18.2 -3.1 5.9 7.9 0.3 0.9 -64.7 Female. -7.6 6.6 -7.0 7.3 -8.2 -67.3 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 5.3 1.6 2.2 7.9 82.9 82.6 0.4 100.0 10.1 6.4 1.6 2.1 7.2 82.7 81.7 1.1 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 10.3 5.9 1.8 2.5 7.1 82.6 82.3 0.3 100.0 11.5 7.2 1.9 2.4 6.5 82.0 81.2 0.8 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 2.0 1.4 0.4 0.3 12.8 85.1 84.3 0.8 100. » 1.& 1.4 0.3 0.1 11.1 87.4 84.S 2.4' ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that made at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earher census. (See "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. All three classes given in this table show increases for the five-year period 1904-1909, but for the follow- ing five-year period the only increase is that shown by salaried employees. Table 5 PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANUPACTUKING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 77,865 79,060 69,755 100.0 100.0 100.0 -1.5 13.3 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees 4,148 9,131 64,586 5,050 8,610 65,400 4,108 6,853 69,794 5.3 11.7 82.9 6.4 10.9 82.7 6.9 8.4 85.7 -17.9 6.1 -1.2 22. » 47.1 Wage earners (average) 9.4 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 477 The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the more important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over has been greater at each successive census. The proportion of females increased somewhat between 1904 and 1909 but decreased during the next five-year period. The proportion of children under 16 years of age employed as wage earners has decreased from census to census. Table 6 AU industries. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons, and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railraad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Coke Conleotionery Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . . Cordage and twine Cotton goods Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine.shop products. . Furniture Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAOE EABNEBS. Aver- age niun- ber.i 64,586 65,400 69,794 450 426 2,309 2.444 594 653 1,897 2,777 8,485 5,605 2,928 3,849 472 73 628 685 794 878 379 464 506 751 1,158 1,044 1,447 1,401 3,701 4,479 1,158 1,095 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 86.1 84.2 53.6 55.6 83.2 85.2 9a 6 96.4 49.8 38.3 97.7 95.8 100.0 100.0 21.7 19.6 100.0 100.0 40.0 40.1 96.0 95.5 47.2 4a 2 97.0 9a4 97.9 97.9 96.7 97.5 Fe- male. 13.5 14.5 13.9 44.0 40.1 15.4 13.4 49.8 57.6 2.1 51.4 49.0 55.0 52.7 2.6 1.6 1.9 1.2 3.0 2.2 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.4 1.3 2.4 4.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.0 0.3 4.1 0.2 0.4 77.1 1.2 77.3 3.1 , 60.0 5a 8 i.6 0.3 0.6 4.0 1.9 2.6 1.4 2.8 as 7.8 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.3 Ice, manufactured.. Iron and steel, steel works, and rolling mills. Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished.. Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Musical Instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Stoves and hot-air furnaces Tobacco manufactures Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods AU other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EABNEBS. Aver- age num- ber.' 766 472 1,987 2,372 590 814 600 630 2,098 2,539 1,012 13,337 13,042 450 510 444 376 3,028 3,135 487 564 3,326 3,973 465 652 675 818 7,078 6,635 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 99.2 99.4 100.0 100.0 93.7 90.7 100.0 99.8 82.5 77.2 99.7 97.0 99.3 loao 95.3 97.1 72.1 5a 2 76.4 80.2 97.3 99.6 50.9 5a 7 100.0 99.5 3a 8 35.3 85.1 85.5 Fe- male. 0.3 0.2 5.4 6.1 17.4 22.7 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.2 4.7 2.0 25.8 3a 9 21.9 17.2 2.7 4a 6 39.3 0.5 60.6 57.3 14.3 13.3 Un- der 16 of age. 0.5 a4 0.8 3.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 Q.9 2.1 2.9 1.7 2.6 0.4 0.6 2.0 ao 7.3 0.6 1.2 1 For method of estimating the distribution of the average number for all industries combined, by sex and age periods, see " Explanation of terms." > Less tlian one-tenth of 1 per cent. Of the 31 industries for which separate figures are given, 14 show increases from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of males and 15 increases in the propor- tion of females, and 2 in the proportion of children imder 16 years of age. In these 2 industries, however, only 45 children were employed in 1914, as against 32 in 1909. The men's clothing, canning, confec- tionery, cordage and twine, cotton goods, and woolen and worsted industries were the only ones in which the combined proportions of women and children employed as wage earners in 1914 were greater than those of men. More than one-half of the 287 wage earners under 16 years of age reported for all indus- tries were employed in the manufacture of boots and shoes; of bakery products; of brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products; of men's clothing; of cord- age and twine; of patent medicines and compotmds;" and in printing and publishing. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified accordiig to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 478 MANUFACTURED— KENTUCKY. Table 7 Census year. AVEKAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EABNEKS IN— Coving- ton. Frank- fort. Hender- son. Hopkins viUe. Lexing- ton. Louls- vUle. Newport. Owens- boro. Paducah. Total 1914 1909 1904 3,199 3,942 3,703 S46 1694 525 1,147 1,088 459 341 1,130 1,032 1,114 25,930 27,023 24,985 1,880 12,341 1,958 1,001 1,064 11,392 , 2,402 2,613 2,841 16 years of age and over: Male 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,697 3,098 2,799 493 797 793 9 47 111 500 '586 304 45 1102 197 1 6 24 756 702 418 388 368 32 3 18 9 323 1,057 971 1,046 67 56 41 6 5 27 20,563 21,244 19,346 5,294 5,417 4,638 73 362 1,001 1,482 11,706 1,442 378 583 452 20 52 64 930 969 11,241 66 80 124 5 15 27 2,124 2,331 2,336 271 "FfiTTmlp. 7 234 38S 11 7 48 117 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 84.3 78.6 75.6 15.4 20.2 21.4 0.3 1.2 3.0 91.6 84.4 57.9 8.2 14.7 37.5 0.2 0.9 4.6 65.9 64.5 91.1 33.8 33.8 7.0 0.3 1.7 2.0 94.7 93.5 94.1 93.9 5.9 5.4 3.7 0.5 0.5 2.4 79.3 78.6 ■77.4 20.4 20.0 18.6 0.3 1.3 4.0 78.8 72.9 73.6 20.1 24.9 23.1 1.1 2.2 3.3 92.9 91.1 89.4 6.6 7.5 8.7 0.5 1.4 1.9 88.4 89.2 82.2 ■p^^T^Hie 2.1 11.3 9.0 13.7 3.2 0.3 1.8 4.1 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, 'based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 Covington. Frankfort . Henderson. Lexington. Louisville. Newport. Owensboro. Paducah. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.! Period. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-19U 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904r-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 Total. -13.6 -18.8 6.5 4.0 -21.3 32.2 149.9 6.4 137.0 1.4 9.5 -7.4 3.8 -4.0 8.2 -4.0 -19.7 19.6 -28.1 -5.9 -23.6 -15.5 -8.1 -8.0 16 years of age and over. • Male. Female. -3.6 -12.9 10.7 64.5 -14.7 92.8 80.9 7.7 67.9 1,1 8.9 -7.2 6.3 -3.2 9.8 2.8 -13.1 18.3 -25.1 -4.0 -21.9 -9.1 -8.9 -0.2 Under 16 years of age. -37.8 -38.1 0.5 "-57.'7 -77.2 -55.9 -48.2 —66.7 5.4 14.1 -2.3 16.8 —92.7 -79.8 -63.8 -16.4 -36.2 29.0 -46.8 -35.5 -30.2 15.8 -39.7 -94.0 "-59.0 1 A minus sign {— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. The cities in general show an increasing proportion of men in the number of wage earners employed and decreasing proportion of women and children from 1909 to 1914. In each city the proportion which men represented of the total was greater than 65 per cent in 1914; and the only two cities in which the corre- sponding proportions fell below this figure at either of the earlier censuses were Frankfort, in 1904, and Hen- derson, in 1909. Digitized by In Louisville, the most important manufacturing city of the state, the proportions of both males and females 16 years of age and over increased slightly be- tween 1909 and 1914, while that of children decreased from 1.3 per cent to three-tenths of 1 per cent. Lex- ington and Paducah are the only cities which show decreases for the period 1909-1914 in the proportions of male wage earners 16 years of age and over. These decreases are, however, very slight. The only cities which reported increases in total average number of wage earners for the period 1909- 1914 are Lexington and Henderson. Wage earners employed, by months. — ^The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January.. . February.. March April , May June July August September October. . . November. December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 63,088 63,832 65,834 66,072 65,995 65, 633 65,207 66, 145 66,067 64, 742 61,931 60,486 1909 61,119 62,345 63,728 64,826 64,754 63,767 63,144 65,853 68,637 69,476 68,639 68,510 1904 55,822 57,120 59,453 61,247 61,745 61,041 58,811 59,610 61,612 61,975 60,532 58,660 Per cent of maximum. 1914 95.4 96.5 99.5 99.9 99.8 99.2 98.6 100.0 99.9 97.9 93.6 91.4 1909 88.0 89.7 91.7 93.3 93.2 91.8 90.9 94.8 98.8 100.0 98.8 98.6 1904 90.1 92.2 95.9 98.8 99.6 98.5 94.9 96.2 99.4 100.0 97.7 94.5 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representauve day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. In 1914, for all industries combined, the maxi- M'f&fBSWff'^ of wage earners was shown for August MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 479 and the minimum for December. For both 1909 and 1904, however, the maximum was reported for October and the minimum for January. The greatest differ- ence between the maximum and minimum employ- ment in any one of the three census years was^ 8,357, or 12 per cent of the maximum, in 1909. The average monthly employment of wage earners in 1914 was 64,586; in 1909, 65,400; and in 1904, 59,794. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, the total number em- ployed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest rep- resentative day, and the percentage which the mini- mum forms of the maximum, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 10 nroUSTBT AND CITY.. All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products- . . Canning and Preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts Confectionery Coopei;Ke Cordage and twine Cotton goods Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures Woolen and worsted goods All other industries : Total lor cities covikgton Fkanktoet Henderson , hopkdjsviile Lexington LonsviLLE Newpokt owensboeo Paducah , ' WAGE EAKNEBS: 19U. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 64,586 993 2,309 594 1,897 8,485 2,928 628 794 506 1,158 1,447 3,701 1,158 766 1,987 590 600 2,098 980 13,337 3,028 3,326 675 10,601 37,576 3,199 546 1,147 341 1,130 25,930 1,880 1,001 2,402 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 63,088 961 1,864 Ul 2,031 8,482 3,066 Sli 1,001 647 1,167 1,383 3,636 1,303 S9S 1,954 681 BS8 2,601 905 12, SIS 3,007 3,349 ep 10,497 37,831 3,135 628 1,132 273 98S 26,537 1,933 896 2,415 Feb- ruary. 63,832 961 1,866 273 2,140 3,078 542 1,022 538 1,165 1,399 3,666 1,273 436 2,156 703 541 2,597 894 12,554 s,oos 3,334 671 10,685 38, 160 3,091 557 1,159 $71 994 26,787 1,976 944 2,381 March. 963 2,112 8,360 3,030 527 1,035 529 1,188 1,395 3,827 1,301 469 2,132 658 541 13,754 3,016 3,441 670 10,809 38,536 3,195 589 1,205 284 1,000 26,871 1,947 1,008 2,437 April. 66,072 May. 65,995 974 2,381 269 2,231 8,334 2,872 621 1,033 552 1,177 1,368 3,815 1,236 700 2,209 649 594 2,606 951 13,893 3,039 3,345 694 10,529 38,448 3,201 586 1,253 327 1,104 26,495 2,007 1,044 2,431 1,003 2,596 298 2,229 8,183 3,127 623 823 532 1,168 1,399 3,810 1,216 867 2,007 620 693 2,264 1,027 13,734 3,065 3,371 678 10,662 38, 656 3,289 691 1,256 344 1,105 26,098 2,079 1,147 2,647 Jime. July. 65,633 65,207 1,009 2,739 315 2,132 3,089 614 716 451 1,147 1,385 3,994 1,147 1,101 1,948 600 613 1,756 1,117 13,431 3,038 3,485 676 10,800 1,027 2,j692 502 2,076 8,497 3,064 582 642 452 1,131 1,567 4,021 1,102 1,263 l,i90 565 619 1,522 1,118 13,563 3,048 3,323 654 10,688 38,459 38,005 3,217 576 1,203 348 1,148 26,064 2,089 1,144 2,670 3,198 562 1,168 397 1,227 26,096 1,729 1,099 2,529 August, 66,145 1,025 2,743 984 1,820 8,709 3,127 618 641 453 1,137 1,559 3,966 1,086 1,192 1,820 498 624 1,499 1,059 13,661 3,043 3,362 697 10,822 37,955 3,229 507 1,149 402 1,212 26,221 1,694 1,044 2,497 Sep. tember. 66,067 1,016 2,631 1,541 1,647 8,658 3,011 748 648 ■ 434 1,166 1,550 3,611 1,086 1,001 2,157 48B 635 1,761 1,004 13,729 3,030 3,359 696 10,663 37,878 3,224 532 1,127 395 1,205 25,965 1,877 1,204 2,349 Octo- ber. 64, 742 994 2,368 1,527 1,393 8,754 2,581 779 596 635 1,158 1,465 3,462 1,127 799 2,102 533 627 1,854 939 13,638 3,031 3,273 685 10,522 37,099 3,305 532 1,064 373 1,160 25,492 1,803 1,069 2,301 Novem- ber. 61,931 993 2,001 540 1,319 8,659 524 1,146 1,452 3,313 1,021 549 1,912 622 631 1,901 925 13, 189 3,003 3,190 663 10, 540 35, 366 3,203 502 1,044 358 1,219 24,551 1,614 723 2,092 Decem- ber. 60,486 990 1,116 376 1,461 8,418 2,597 654 791 525 1,146 1,442 3,291 998 420 1,957 566 644 2,135 922 12,583 3,014 S,080 676 10,096 34,169 3,122 486 1,016 322 1,192 $4,146 1,698 704 2,074 Per cent mimi- mum is of maxi- mum. 91.4 62.5 15.6 61.7 94.6 79.3 67.3 52.9 78.6 95.2 87.3 81.8 76.6 31 3 67.5 69.0 83-5 55.9 80-0 97.9 88.4 91.8 93.3 90.2 93.5 82.1 80.9 67.4 80.0 89.9 80.1 58.5 77.7 Monthly fluctuations in the employment of wage earners are largely affected by the lumber industry, which furnished employment to more than one-fifth of the wage earners reported for all industries. The month of minimum employment in the lumber mills represented 88.6 per cent of the maximum, and the corresponding percentage for aU industries combined was 91.4. There is considerable seasonal variation also in the manufacture of brick and tile, and ice, and in the canning industry, which influence in varying degrees the movement of employment. The least fluctuation appears for the printing and pubhshing industry, in which the proportion that the minimum formed of the maximum was 97.9 per cent. Of the nine cities, Owensboro shows the greatest fluctuation, the percentage 4hat the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being only 58.5. For no other city was the corresponding perdaitagte'4g»ytlhio 67. The smallest degree of fluctuation appears for Covington, for which the percentage was 93.5. Prevailing hours of labor.— In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for aU industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The niunber employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaUer number of hours. The figures in the following table emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. The number of wage earners in aU \M&F&^Bft^^^ working hours were 60 or more per 480 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. week decreased from 32,964, or 50.4 per cent of th.e total, in 1909, to 25,561, or 39.6 per cent of the total, in 1914; and during the five-year period there was an increase in the proportion in each of the four classes working fewer than 60 hours per week. Among the separate industries, the manufactiire of cotton goods shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909 all the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabUshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, but in 1914 only 6 per cent were employed in establish- ments in which the hours were 60 per week, the re- mainder being reported for factories working between 54 and 60 hours weekly. Table 11. Census "ear. AVEKAQE NT7MBEB OF WAGE EABNEB9 nroUSTBT AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 or/ /"" 64,586 65,400 10,672 9,420 6,368 3,364 11,800 10,472 10,185 9,180 18,053 28,692 5,553 1,627 433 1,232 1,622 1,413 993 985 2,309 2,444 594 653 1,897 2,777 8,485 5,605 2,928 3,849 628 685 794 878 506 751 1,158 1,044 1,447 1,401 3,701 4,479 1,158 1,095 766 472 1,987 2,372 590 814 600 630 2,098 2,539 980 1,012 13,337 13,042 3,028 3,135 3,326 3,973 675 818 10,601 9,947 37,576 73 63 635 497 74 58 269 667 932 2,495 176 11 24 . 7 34 56 16 7 181 25 7 199 47 282 194 175 67 418 508 990 2,208 1,036 1,253 70 114 74 114 178 78 285 346 185 95 282 678 361 544 924 1,330 148 419 693 886 25 207 375 1,115 34 69 484 579 221 746 70 858 746 470 862 1,653 515 1,001 52 23 301 180 3S 335 228 214 908 1,729 124 167 9 25 2 33 Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products 64 52 5 14 ■Canning and preserving , ■rarriftgfts frnd wn^^nns HTid "latmalR 235 37 1,884 1 '4,319 564 ■Cars stQd generri shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 1335 131 219 1,230 477 448 144 108 285 •Clothing, men's, including shifts ; 1,122 240 20 34 58 21 2 13 1 'Cooperage 5 XJotton goods 1,088 186 213 142 3 18 TTlnnr-Tnill and griptTnill products. . 321 245 1,485 9 151 5 13 15 189 252 364 48 8 579 1,692 109 69 5 9 16 30 517 742 383 11 16 3 158 256 127 ?79 40 54 60 150 133 86 915 670 61 180 1,657 2,093 586 80 317 i' 8 Fftimdry and Tn^hine-sliop products 3 furniture 9 3 Tee, manufactured 143 22 392 90 53 444 362 TroTi ftTid ptPAl, stpp.1 works aTid rollipg mills 1,136 1,446 1 2 12 490 Xeathir goods 424 96 254 199 676 223 110 171 3,494 889 686 779 247 234 2 2 66 163 64 79 60 Xlquors, distilled 258 207 677 669 837 643 1,908 1,074 653 536 6 2 56 140 95 Liquors, malt 86 79 161 6 5 1,092 863 174 804 127 76 3 9 989 444 4,418 6,902 9,761 188 283 642 1,034 78 738 3,258 4,518 6,425 18 55 2 10 3 'Tobacco manufactures Woolen and worsted goods 70 265 68 4,162 1 92 185 88 All other industries 997 725 7,123 1,922 1,598 7,522 2,383 1,412 7,411 695 Total for cities 997 427 COVINQTON 3,199 546 1,147 341 1,130 25,930 1,880 1,001 2,402 547 80 74 9 258 5,126 818 43 168 242 5 989 222 219 41 446 4,644 420 154 387 1,042 6 608 23 73 68 132 270 348 216 221 196 206 4,247 120 393 478 31 14 11 72 93 3,892 IS 32 2 Frankfort 3 14 HOPKINSVILLE Lexington 19 2,437 439 211 1,065 5 SS 337 -Newpoet 7 18 ■ 29 14 Paducah 1 Some impnnksa ikikaA gfiWeiA! J^orM^ WJSiU U^12 hours eac h. MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 481 For 1914, as for 1909, in all industries combined and in most of them separately, a larger number of wage earners were reported for establishments in which the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week than for any other group shown in the table. There were, however, a few exceptions. In tobacco manu- factures nearly half of the wage earners in 1914 — 49.8 per cent — ^were reported by establishments with pre- vailing hours between 54 and 60 per week. In the steel works and rolHng mills and the printing and publish- ing industry, 57.2 per cent and 63 per cent, respectively, of the wage earners were reported by estabUshments whose prevailing hours were 48 and under; and in the case of the latter industry more than half of the remainder were in establishments operating 54 hours weekly. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 37,576, for the nine cities in 1914, 32,899, dr 87.6 per cent, were in establishments where the pre- vailing hours were 60 or fewer per week, while only 4,677 were in establishments in which the hours were more than 60 weekly. For Henderson the proportion of wage earners in establishments in which the prevailing hours were more than 54 but fewer than 60 per week was more than one-half — much greater than for any other city. The largest proportion in the 60-hour group, over one-half, is shown by Hopkinsviile ; and the largest in estabhshments with prevailing hours of 48 and under, more than two-fifths, appears'for Newport. location of establishments. — ^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which manufac- tures in Kentucky were centralized in the cities hav- ing more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPITLATION OF 10,000 OK OVER. DISTEICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVING A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000.1 100,000 and over. POPULATION OP 10,000 OE OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Nvimber or amount. Ter cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. P6r cento aggre: gato. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 9 8 7 435, 891 403,294 349,725 1,385 1,563 1,433 37,576 39,797 32,329 $142,990,691 136,498,879 82,774,847 66,844,066 64,161,339 40,091,739 18.5 17.6 16.3 33.1 32.7 39.3 58.2 60.8 62.5 62.1 61.0 65.4 57.9, 57.3 67.8 5 4 3 74,545 60,688 42,907 234 235 147 5,437 5,459 3,303 $17,666,238 17,161,274 5,748,867 7,549,469 8,037,165 2,918,120 3.2 2.7 2.0 5.6 4.9 4.0 8.4 8.3 6.4 7.7 7.7 4.5 6.5 7.2 4.9 3 3 3 126,232 118,678 101,645 373 425 426 6,209 7^315 5,964 $20,101,782 18,053,650 10,915,506 9,670,738 8,987,798 5,939,082 5.4 5.2 4.7 8.9 8.9 11.7 9^6 11.2 11.5 8.7 8.1 8.6 8.4 8.0 10.0 1 1 1 235,114 223,928 205,173 778 903 860 25,930 27,023 23,062 $105,222,671 101,283,955 66,110,474 49,623,859 47, 156, 376 31,234,637 2,350 731 2,289,905 2,147,174 4,184 4,776 3,648 64,586 65,400 51,735 $230,248,909 223,754,497 126,508,660 115,419,686 111,975,180 59,102,458 10.0 9.8 9.6 18.6 18.9 23.6 40.1 41.3 44.6 45.7 45.3 52.3 43.0 42.1 62.8 1,914,840 1,886,611 1,797,449 2,799 3,213 2,216 27,010 25,603 19,406 $87,258,218 87,255,618 43,733,813 48,575,620 47,813,841 19,010,719 81.5 Namter of establishments Average number of wage earners- 82.4 83.7 66.9 67.3 60.7 41.8 39.1 37.5 37.9 Value added by manufacture 39.0 34.6 42.1 42.7 32.2 > Census estimate of population for 1914. Comparison with 1899 or 1909 for the cities or for the districts outside can not be made properly, since the number of cities having more than 10,000 inhabi- tants was not the same at any two of the three cen- suses. Frankfort had fewer than 10,000 inhabitants in 1899 and HopkinsviUe in both 1899 and 1909; and the statistics for these cities for the years in which they fell below the 10,000 Emit are therefore included with those for the outside districts. The table shows, however, that for 1914 the urban districts, which are estimated to have contained 18.5 per cent of the total population of the state in that year, reported only 33.1 per cent of the total number of establish- ments but furnished employment to 58.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and pro- duced 62.1 per cent of the total manufactures. There has been httle change in the distribution of manufac- tures between urban and rural communities during the 15 years covered by the table. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the nine cities having more than 1( 82101°— 18 31 as measured by average nmnber of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are hsted in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Table 13 CITY. Louisville Newport Covington... Frankfort Paducah Owensboro.. Lexington... Henderson. . . Hopldnsville. AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 25,930 1,880 3,199 546 2,402 1,001 1,130 1,H7 341 1909 27,023 2,341 3,942 694 2,613 1,064 1,032 1,088 1904 24,985 1,958 3,703 625 2,841 1,392 1,114 459 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $105, 222, 671 8,305,609 8, 265, 496 4,754,539 4, 491, 183 4,056,142 3,530,677 2, 973, 457 1,390,917 1909 $101,283,955 6,490,596 8, 711, 929 5, 757, 122 4, 966, 988 3,505,525 2,851,125 2, 931, 639 1904 $83,204,125 6,231,084 6, 099, 715 1,747,338 4,443,223 3,319,198 2,774,329 1,366,120 The principal industries in Louisville are the manu- facture of distilled liquors, the operations of steam- railroad repair shops, flour-mills and gristmills, found- ries and machine shops, and printing and publish- ing; in Covington operations of steam-railroad repair i \^f&^§?yft^F^ ^^^ machine-shop work, tobacco manu- 482 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. factures, and the manufacture of malt and distilled liquors; and in Newport, the operation of steel works and rolling miUs and the manufacture of malt liquors, of copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, and of lumber and timber products. Character of ownership. — ^Table 14 presents sta- tistics in respect to character of ownership or legal organization of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined for the state as a whole, compara- tive figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for the cities the figures are for aU indus- tries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establish- ments, it is necessary to omit several important indus- tries from this table. Table 14 • AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. f ALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBER OF ES- TABLISHMENTS INDUSTRY AND CVCY. Cen- sus year. OWNED BY— In establish- ments owned by— Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. AU others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All - oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,131 2,521 1,907 1,156 1,147 862 897 1,108 965 64,586 66,400 59,794 8,368 10,244 9,761 50,743 48,590 43,041 5,475 6,666 6,992 13.0 16.7 16.3 78.6 74.3 72.0 8.5 10.0 11.7 $230,248,909 223,764,497 159,753,968 $18,242,158 26,835,192 21,116,481 $196,442,5-37 178,650,245 117,046,726 515,564,214 19,289,060 21,590,761 7.9 11.5 13.2 85.3 79.8 73.3 6.8 a6 13.5 Bread and other bakery products. 202 251 10 8 24 27 993 985 601 563 336 351 56 71 60.5 57.2 33.8 35.6 6.6 7.2 3,347,067, 3,337,848 1,862,406 1,824,068 1,302,505 1,274,590 182,156 239,190 66.6 54.6 3a 9 3a 2 6.4 7.2 Cairiages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 71 80 33 40 26 41 1,897 2,777 274 376 1,523 2,063 100 338 14.4 13.5 80.3 74.3 5.3 12.2 4,647,467] 5,141,107 484,689 639,403 3,930,9,'52 3,945,578 231,846 566,126 10.4 ia4 84.6 76.7 5.0 10.8 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 34 87 20 22 9 14 2,928 3,849 493 966 2,224 2,513 21ll 370 16.8 25.1 76.0 65.3 7.2 9.6 5,652,921 6,052,081, 222,098 418,047 4,976,672 5,150,128 354,151' 483,906 4.0 6.9 89.6 86.1 6.4 ao Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 177 192 87 65 178 183 1,447 1,401 262 373 770 572 415 456 lai 26.6 53.2 40.8 28.7 32.5 21,229,203 22,364,950, 2,575,967 4,472,560 13,332,434 11,266,733 5,320,812 6,628,657 12.1 2ao 62.8 60.4 26.1 29.6 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 33 41 65 63 16 25 3,701 4,479 139 238 3,439 4,133 123 108 3.8 5.3 92.9 92.3 3.3 2.4 8,697,064' 9,626,686 272,692 361,446 8,128,107 8,956,670 296,265 318,570 3.1 3.7 93.5 93.0 3.4 3.3 Liquors, distilled 1914 1909 68 93 81 89 8 24 2,098 2,539 128 231 1,929 2,252 41 56 6.1 9.1 91.9 88.7 2.0 2.2 48,862,526 44,360,104 2,129,709 6,091,624 46,047,271 38,485,016 685,546 783,465 4.4 11.6 94.2 86.8 1.4 1.8 1914 1909 2 4 12 12 1 3 980 1,012 144 29 936 948 "■"35 4.5 2.9 95.6 93.7 "slb 6,828,468 4,949,047 1 196,310 140,109 5,632,158 4,638,902 3.4 2.8 96.6 93.7 170,036 3.4 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 829 980 131 168 339 444 13,337 13,042 3,702 4,518 7,544 5,847 2,091 2,677 27.8 34.6 66.6 44.8 15.7 20.5 20,667,285 21,380,564 3,852,602 4,880,983 14,244,577 12,600,494 2,570,106 3,899,107 lae 22.8 6a 9 5a9 12.4 ia2 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 217 230 136 120 61 81 3,028 3,136 600 697 2,343 2,183 186 266 16.5 22.2 77.4 69.6 6.1 ai 6,983,581 6,453,842 823,879 1,199,136 5,782,037 4,735,010 377,665 619,696 11.8 ia6 82.8 73.4 5.4 ai Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 16 24 6 4 7 9 223 354 39 60 149 279 36 25 17.5 14.1 66.8 7a 8 15.7 7.1 4,109,409 6,668,077 1,070,026 1,266,728 2,642,988 4,843,964 496,395 467,395 26.0 19.1 61.9 73.7 42.1 7.1 Tobacco manutoctures 1914 1909 100 162 30 34 23 30 3,326 3,973 362 602 2,765 3,302 199 169 .10.9 12.6 83.1 83.1 6.0 4.3 16,146,626 18,597,786 744,664 1,306,618 14,990,135 17,027,514 411,827 263,654 4.6 7.0 92.8 91.6 2.6 1.4 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 563 630 192 37,676 2,894 32.370 2,312 7.7 86.1 6.2 142 990,691 8,206,899 128,705,436 6,078,357 5.7 90.0 4.3 89 18 11 13 44 48 8 21 10 44 24 .5 10 1 24 3,199 546 1,147 341 1,130 386 84 39 49 150 2,617 436 1,067 287 820 196 26 41 6 160 12.1 15.4 3.4 14.4 13.3 81.8 79.9 93.0 84.2 72.6 6.1 4.8 3.6 1.5 14.2 8,265,496 4.754,639 2,973,457 1,390,917 3,530,677 105,222,671 8,305,609 4,056,142 4,491,183 1,296,799 149,642 188,468 83,723 440,816 6,489,391 4,498,404 2,681,462 1,292,494 2,597,217 96,659,816 7,497,204 3,328,006 3,661,441 479,306 106,593 103,527 14,700 492,644 15.7 3.1 6.3 6.0 12.5 7a 5 94.6 90.2 92.9 73.6 6.8 FHAWTTTPnP.T 2.2 3.5 1.1 140 1914 1914 1914 1914 288 67 9 24 401 21 36 41 89 12 17 10 25,930 1,880 1,001 2,402 1,479 647 44 116 22,846 1,268 861 2,179 1,606 65 106 107 5.7 29.1 4.4 4.8 88.1 67.4 85.0 90.7 6.2 3.5 10.6 4.5 4,865,589 706,848 80,192 395,922 3,697,266 102,557 647,944 433,820 4.6 as 2.0 as 91.9 90.3 82.0 81.5 3.5 Newport 1.2 16.0 FADTT'^ATT 9.7 1 Includes the group "all others." For the period 1909-1914 there was a sHght increase in the number of estabUshments in the state owned by corporations, accompanied by marked decreases in the numbers under individual and "all other" forims of ownership. Furthermore, moderate increases in the number of wage earners and value of products appear for the corporations, while considerable decreases in these items are shown for the estabhshments imder indi- vidual and other forms of ownership. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments — over one-half at each census — is shown for individual ownership, but in value of products and average number of wage earners that shown for corporations greatly predomi- nates. In 1914, although only 27.6 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the statrmM porate ownership, this class reporte(r85?^"'pef'cenT-6f the total value of products and 78.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The propor- tions of average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. For both 1914 and 1909, with the single exception of the bakery industry, the largest proportions of the total average number of wage earners and the total value of products for each of the 11 industries for which separate statistics are given are shown for estabhshments under corporate control. This condition prevailed also in 1914, as regards all industries combined, in each of the nine cities. Size of establishments. — ^The tendency of manu- rfltejbecome concentrated in large establish- inen^s'is moicated by the statistics in Table 15. MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 483 Table 15 INDUSTBT AND VALUE NTJIIBEE OP ESTAB- LISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 4,184 4,776 3,734 64,586 65,400 59,794 $230,248,909 $223,754,497 $159,753,968 $115,419,686 $111,975,180 $73,208,504 Les3 tlian 15.000 1,947 1,135 710 360 32 2,290 1,290 781 386 29 1,453 1,172 806 286 17 3,986 6,096 12,091 30,452 11,961 4,867 7,253 13,810 29,105 10,375 2,765 6,715 14,424 26,291 9,599 4,314,154 11,426,185 31,552,920 110,326,968 72,628,682 5,170,841 12,796,373 35,218,448 108,403,915 62,164,920 3,630,973 11,606,502 35,207,472 70,918,685 38,690,336 2,787,930 6,280,714 13,907,291 65,822,469 36,621,292 3,387,013 7,165,457 16,769,584 56,024,930 29,628,196 2,427,807 t5 000 to *20,000 6,629,052 120,000 to S100,000 15, 865, 728 tlOO,000 to 11,000,000 tl,000,000 and over 32, 506, 906 15,778,951 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 15,000 46.5 27.1 17.0 8.6 0.8 47.9 27.0 16.4 8.1 0.6 38.9 31.4 21.6 7.7 0.5 6.2 9.4 18.7 47.1 18.5 7.4 11.1 21.1 44.5 15.9 4.6 11.2 24.1 44.0 16.1 1.9 5.0 13.7 47.9 31.5 2.3 6.7 15.7 48.4 27.8 2.2 7.2 22.0 44.4 24.2 2.4 5.4 12.0 48.4 31.7 3.0 6.4 14.1 50.0 26.5 3.3 t5,000 to $20,000 9.1 t20,000 to 1100,000 21.7 M00,000 to tl,000,000 11,000,000 and over 44.4 21.6 For 1914, 392 establishments, or 9.4 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 415, or 8.7 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 303, or 8.2 per cent, for 1904. The output of these la,rge establish- ments increased in value from 68.6 per cent of the total in 1904 to 76.2 percent in 1909 and 79.4 percent in 1914. Wage earners increased from 60.1 per cent in 1904 to 60.4 per cent in 1909 and 65.6 per cent in 1914. The two groups of establishments having products valued at more than $100,000 are the only ones which show increases in wage earners and value of products for the period 1909-1914, and the group with products valued at $1,000,000 and over is the only one showing increase in value added by manufacture for this period. In 1914 the small establishments — those having prod- ucts less than $5,000 in value — although representing 46.5 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 1.9 per cent of the total value of products. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 11 of the more important industries, a classification of estabhshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for all industries combined. Table 16 number of establishments. average NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Bread and other bakery products 236 286 lOO.O 100.0 993 985 100.0 100.0 $3,347,067 $3,337,848 lOO.O lOO.O $1,404,922 $1,391,478 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 .... 110 95 25 6 130 143 124 13 6 161 46.6 40.3 10.6 2.5 100.0 60.0 43.4 4.5 2.1 100.0 79 273 267 374 1,897 87 366 134 398 2,777 8.0 27.5 26.9 37.7 100.0 8.8 37.2 13.6 40.4 100.0 295,472 895,365 881,461 1,274,789 4,647,467 410, 463 1,158,286 419,367 1,349,732 5,141,107 8.8 26.8 26.3 38.1 100.0 12.3 34.7 12.6 40.4 100.0 135,600 399,853 391,799 477,670 2,093,308 176,342 608,201 148,641 658,294 2,428,601 9.7 28.5 27.9 34.0 100.0 12.7 $5,000 to $20,000 35 5 $20,000 to $100,000 10.7 .$100,000 to $1,000,000 40.1 Carriages and wagons AND MATBRllLS 100.0 Less than $5,000 65 41 23 11 63 58 64 30 9 123 42.3 31.5 17.7 8.5 100.0 36.0 39.8 18.6 5.6 100.0 78 217 407 1,195 2,928 87 402 835 1,453 3.849 4.1 11.4 21.5 63.0 100.0 3.1 14.5 30.1 62.3 100.0 128,913 390,305 911,239 3,217,010 5,652,921 137,541 640,626 1,427,464 2,936,486 6,052,081 2.8 8.4 19.6 69.2 100.0 2.7 12.5 27.8 57.1 100.0 81,260 239,989 398,161 1,373,898 2,538,653 87,073 383,481 620,731 1^337,316 2,776,314 3.9 11.5 19.0 65.6 100.0 3.6 $6,000 to $20,000 15.8 $20,000 to $100,000 26.6 $100,000 to $1,000,000 55.1 Clothing, men's, includ- 100.0 • Less than $5,000 26 18 6 14 442 71 25 12 16 440 39.7 28.6 9.5 22.2 100.0 67.7 20.3 9.8 12.2 100.0 183 318 305 2,122 1,447 356 506 581 2,406 1,401 6.3 10.9 10.4 72.5 100.0 9.2 13.1 15.1 62.6 100.0 68, 133 160,020 326,114 4,998,654 21,229,203 171,716 244,398 673,077 5,062,890 22,364,960 1.2 2.9 5.9 90.0 100.0 2.8 4.0 9.5 83.7 100.0 63,323 135,787 181,790 2,167,753 3,809,749 166,861 226,442 288,013 2,094,998 3,700,707 2.5 5.3 7.2 85.0 100.0 6.0 $5,000 to $20,'000 8.2 $20,000 to $100,000 10.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 75.5 Flour-mti.l and grist- mill products 100.0 ,. Less than $5,000 86 162 162 32 114 72 133 199 36 129 19.5 36.7 36.7 7.2 lOO.O 16.4 30.2 46.2 8.2 100.0 48 212 556 631 3,701 43 169 639 550 4,479 3.3 14.7 38.4 43.6 100.0 3.1 12.1 -45.6 39.3 100.0 . 261,078 1,745,501 6,627,374 12,595,250 8,697,064 173,023 1,499,663 8,343,876 12,348,498 9,626,686 1.2 8.2 31.2 59.4 100.0 0.8 6.7 37.3 55.2 100.0 69,333 359,298 1,361,112 2,040,006 5,156,046 33,957 303,297 1,594,920 1,765,533 4,891,874 1.6 9.4 35.5 53.6 100.0 0.9 $5,000 to $20,' 000 8.3 $20 000 to $100 000 . . . . 43.1 $100,000 and over 1 47.7 Foundry and machine- shop products 100. Loss than $5,000 30 42 27 16 157 41 43 26 19 206 26.3 36.8 23.7 13.2 100.0 31.8 33.3 20.2 14.7 100.0 51 269 597 2,794 2,098 61 285 615 3,618 2,539 1.4 7.0 16.1 75.5 100.0 1.4 6.4 13.7 78.5 100.0 86,526 457,342 1,257,481 6,895,715 48,862,526 109,679 426,002 1,262,051 7,829,954 44,360,104 1.0 5.3 14.5 79.3 lOO.O 1.1 4.4 13.1 81.3 100.0 68,142 279,781 699,165 4,117,958 38,653,342 79,350 266,697 692,300 3,853,627 35,758,686 1.1 5.4 13.6 79.9 100.0 1.5 $5,000 to $20,000 5.4 $20,000 to $100,000 14.2 78.8. Liquors, distilled 100.0' Less than $5,000 46 20 13 67 11 65 31 18 84 8 29.3 12.7 8.3 42.7 31.6 15.0 8.7 40.8 28 26 65 1,158 821 33 35 107 1,755 609 1.3 1.2 3.1 65.2 39.1 1.3 1.4 4.2 69.1 24.0 107,005 251,000 864,096 26,873,482 20,766,943 137,165 264,496 1,037,676 27,960,433 0.2 0.5 1.8 65.0 0.3 0.6 2.3 63.0 33.7 85,218 198,822 685,753 20,656,236 17,027,313 114,267 209,423 834,746 22,889,346 11,710,904 0.2 0.5 1.8 53.4 44.1 0.3 $5,000 to $20,000 0.5 $20,000 to $100,000 2.3 $100 000 to $1.000.000 "... 64.0 $1,000,000 and over 7.0 3.9 1 14,960,334 42.5 32.7 Digitf^&by^Mi^yms&ft® 484 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. Table 16— Continued. WDUSTBT AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Liquors, malt $20,000 to $100,0001 $100,000 and over 2 LUMBEB AND TIMBER PK0DUCI3 Less tlian $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Printing and publish- ing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to S20,000 $20,000 to 3100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Slaughtering and meat PACKINQ $5,000 to $20,000' $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Tobacco MANnPACTimEs. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 and over 2 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. 1914 15 1,299 258 114 39 414 232 129 39 14 1909 19 1,061 336 154 41 431 253 127 41 10 37 6 226 149 44 17 16 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 26.7 73.3 68.4 19.9 3.0 100.0 56.0 31.2 9.4 3.4 100.0 14.3 64.3 21.4 100.0 63.4 15.0 12.4 9.2 100.0 36.8 63.2 100.0 66.6 21.1 9.7 2.6 100.0 58.7 9.5 2.3 100.0 21.6 62.2 16.2 100.0 65.9 19.5 7.5 7.1 average NUMBER OF ■wage EARNERS. 1914 49 931 13,337 2,468 2,042 2,797 6,030 3,028 350 650 620 223 2 62 159 3,326 85 151 568 2,522 1909 1,012 60 952 13,042 3,058 2,572 3,439 3,973 3,135 604 813 1,332 3,973 101 261 565 3,046 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 5.0 95.0 100.0 18.5 15.3 21.0 45.2 100.0 11.6 21.5 20.5 46.5 100.0 0.9 27.8 71.3 100.0 2.6 4.5 17.1 75.8 100.0 5.9 94.1 100.0 23.4 19.7 26.4 30.5 100.0 12.3 19.3 25.9 42.5 100.0 1.1 17.2 81.6 100.0 2.5 6.6 14.2 76.7 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $5,828,468 248, 155 5,580,313 20,667,285 1,685,559 2,440,570 5,194,897 11,346,259 6,983,581 565.828 1,235,265 1,632,940 3,549,548 4, 109, 409 992,052 3,078,958 16,146,626 176,596 192,993 846,332 14,930,705 1909 $4,949,047 292,630 4,656,417 21,380,564 2,255,661 3,136,617 6,603,439 9,384,847 6,453,842 606,384 1,164,890 1,853,909 2,828,659 6,568,077 106,858 1,209,706- 5,251,513 18,597,786 366,991 930,537 17,050,990 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 4.3 95.7 100.0 8.2 11.8 25.1 54.9 100.0 8.1 17.7 23.4 50.8 5.9 94.1 100.0 10.6 14.7 30.9 43.9 100.0 9.4 18.0 28.7 43.8 100.0 100.0 0.9 24.1 74.9 100.0 1.1 1.2 5.2 92.5 1.6 18.4 80.0 100.0 1.3 2.0 5.0 91.7 VALUE ADDED BT MANUPACTUEE. 1914 $4,299,099 152, 465 4,146,634 10,397,892 1,198,088 1,514,136 2,323,294 5,332,374 5,018,689 448,122 937,454 1,153,497 2,479,616 438,547 8,430 132,429 297,688 8,484,025 110,367 129,343 477,203 7,767,112 1909 $3,677,550 211,825 3,465,725 10,924,276 1,497,203 1,948,983 3,276,517 4,201,573 4,808,658 488,290 904,990 1,372,514 2,042,864 822,219 17,515 155, 151 649,553 10, 172, 424 158,474 228,086 511,492 9,274,372 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 3.5 96.5 100.0 11.5 14.9 22.3 51.3 100.0 8.9 18.7 23.0 49.4 100.0 100.0 5.8 94.2 100.0 13.7 17.8 30.0 38.5 100.0 10.2 18.8 28.5 42.5 100.0 1.9 30.2 67.9 100.0 1.3 1.5 5.6 91.5 2.1 18.9 79.0 100.0 1.6 2.2 6.0 91.2 1 Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000." 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ' Includes the group "less than $5,000." In all of the industries shown in the preceding table, except in the brewing and distilling of liquors and in slaughtering and meat packing, the small establish- ments outnumbered the large ones. The bulk of the manufacturing, however, was reported in each of the 11 industries, by establishments, whose prod- ucts were valued at $100,000 or more. In the manu- facture of men's clothing, tobacco, and malt and dis- tilled liquors, more than 90 per cent of the total value of products was the output of establishments of this size, and in 6 of the remaining 7, more than 50 per cent, rm-thermore, in a majority of the industries, the large establishments reported greater proportions of the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for 1914 than for 1909. The flour-mill and gristmill industry is the only one of the 11 in which the establishments with products valued at less than $5,000 show increases for the period 1909-1914 in all the items given in the table. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 SB •si P WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. aTT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 'a II Is ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 161 3,199 100.0 $8,265,496 100.0 $4,535,859 100.0 Lextngton— Contd. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 38 5 778 542 392 25,930 48.0 34.7 100.0 $1,733,585 1,331,418 106,222,671 49.1 37.7 100.0 $798,063 609,613 49,623,869 , 47.5 36.2 62 48 34 17 31 112 278 707 2,102 546 3.5 8.7 22.1 65.7 100.0 158,931 482,282 1,707,302 5,916,981 4,754,539 1.9 5.8 20.7 71.6 100.0 112,159 285,532 925,441 3,212,727 1,995,183 2.6 6.3 20.4 70.8 100.0 $5,000 to S20,000 Less than $5,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 201 196 200 166 15 100 204 930 3,771 13,226 7,799 1,880 0.8 3.6 14.5 61.0 30.1 100.0 488,331 1,991,106 9,623,466 50,999,712 42,120,056 8,30.5,609 0.5 1.9 9.1 48.6 40.0 100.0 316,427 1,171,376 4,743,271 23,808,515 19,584,270 3,453,100 0.6 $5,000 to $20,000 2.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 9.6 48 Less than $5,000 11 10 6 14 42 22 60 78 386 1.147 4.0 11.0 14.3 70.7 100.0 27,439 105,877 231,112 4,390,111 2,973,457 0.6 2.2 4.9 92.3 100.0 15,567 59,744 87,514 1,832,368 1,306,064 0.8 3.0 4.4 91.8 100.0 $5,000 to 520,000 39 6 $20,000 to $100,000 100 $100,000 and over Less than $5,000 43 33 18 16 62 119 292 437 1,032 1,001 6.3 15.5 23.2 54.9 100.0 96, 749 338,665 852,436 7,017,760 4,056,142 1.2 4.1 10.3 84.5 100.0 67,587 229,184 389,149 2,767,180 1,527,893 2.0 $5 000 to $20 000 6.6 11 3 Less than $5,000 15 11 10 6 24 19 63 214 851 341 1.7 5.5 18.7 74.2 100.0 32,667 124,868 596,800 2,219,122 1,390,917 1.1 4.2 20.1 74.6 100.0 18,004 82,240 188,255 1,016,565 373,913 1.4 6.3 14.4 77.9 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over OWENSBOEO $5,000 to $20,000 ... . 80 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000..... 100.0 17 16 20 19 75 30 57 390 624 2,402 3.0 5.7 39.0 52.3 100.0 36,435 174,731 899,958 2,945,018 4,491,183 0.9 4.3 22.2 72.6 100.0 22,562 106,956 432,022 967,363 2,347,416 6.9 28 3 Lei!s than $5,000 6 10 6 3 112 10 67 108 156 1,130 2.9 19.6 31.7 45.7 100.0 14,506 105, 277 187,625 1,083,509 3,630,677 1.0 7.6 13.5 77.9 100.0 7,693 74,481 99,659 192,080 1,681,779 2.1 19.9 26.7 61.4 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Paducah $5,000 to $20,000 63.3 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 Less than $5,000. Lexington 12 28 22 113 17 198 384 1,803 0.7 8.2 16.0 75.1 28,384 319,636 890,841 3,252,322 0.6 7.1 19.8 72.4 16,686 172,469 449,334 1,708,927 0.7 7.3 19.1 72.8 $5 000 to $20 000 Less than $5,000. 31 38 40 156 3.6 13.8 77,407 388,267 2.2 11.0 61,930 222,173 3.1 13.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over $5 000 to $20,000 . Digmmwi^'f^f^^^^^ MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 485 In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a preponder- ance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, for establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest two percentages of total value of products reported by establishments in this class, 92.3 and 88.5, appear for Frankfort and Louisville, respectively, and the lowest, 37.7, is shown for Lexington. Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 23 of the more important industries, and for each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants- Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909 similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table IS TOTAL, ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITT. ii 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 60 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 261 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Wage earn- ers (aver- age num- ber). \t lis" 1^^ |i If bJOO If |« Is II •ig |l 1 |j All industries ^ 4,184 64,586 427 2,409 5,789 821 8,670 284 9,361 129 8,796 80 12,125 23 7,451 6 3,409 5 8,985 Bread and other bakery products 236 73 33 130 .23 63 28 34 5 \ 442 114 29 93 6 43 11 157 15 1,299 414 153 11 768 1,385 993 2,309 594 1,897 8,485 2,928 628 794 506 1,158 1,447 3,701 1,158 766 1,987 590 600 2,098 980 13,337 3,028 3,326 675 10,601 37,576 55 ..... 12 147 23 10 72 315 63 34 181 25 23 13 28 4 21 8 16 234 293 117 288 45 264 80 188 6 19 4 8 3 11 1 3 180 695 166 259 124 390 35 86 2 3 4 6 3 4 2 3 2 1 1 8 4 155 203 277 479 234 301 114 208 132 70 85 475 229 1 4 109 664 Brick and tile, pottery]^ EUid other clay products 1 391 CaTiTiiTig HTid prpiRPirvingf 3 4 8 2 426 613 1,276 378 1 5 2 264 1,652 642 Cars and general shop construction and repairs \}y stPfVTn raiiro^ coTTipftTiifts 2 1,166 2 4,651 Clot-hiTiE, ■p'lPTi's^ i'"ci ud^TiE shirt-s . . . 2 6 15 9 11 65 21 24 Confectionery . .' .". Cooperage. . . 1 288 3 1 1 4 3 1 1 374 146 210 585 371 177 158 Cottonpoods 1 334 1 608 ■plniif-Tnin find grif^™!! products 81 4 1 315 49 3 60 704 137 6 178 40 31 3 28 334 323 39 288 4 16 15 4 114 518 513 123 1 331 1 1,332 Furniture Iron and steel, steel works and rolling ndlls 5 1,829 3 25 42 5 3 49 5 278 69 17 69 39 565 S3 2,747 717 211 5 3 19 2 68 12 11 150 105 588 68 2,258 354 346 5 3 7 5 20 7 8 2 29 82 329 187 440 332 1,260 490 507 161 2,128 5,760 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 2 3 1 12 4 5 1 16 55 209 403 229 1,838 611 864 170 2,254 8,352 Liquors,' distilled 5 •83 61 "si" 182 74 1 877 238 59 7 414 532 102 4 2,193 597 137 19 977 1,450 T'f qnors^ T"ftH . , , , 1 264 Tjiimfjpr and tlTT^h^r pr'^^i'itR 2 1,041 1 2,000 Printing ftnd pntilis^iTig 1 1 1 2 14 259 259 325 613 3,766 1 1,002 155 340 1,746 3,833 70 173 2,289 5,694 1 3 594 1,746 4 6,985 161 31 42 24 112 778 100 62 75 3,199 546 1,147 341 1,130 25,930 1,880 1,001 2,402 28 2 5 2 12 110 15 3 5 64 15 20 11 54 268 41 30 29 182 38 59 41 137 726 102 76 89 41 8 7 7 35 175 28 16 23 448 65 67 93 386 1,990 328 180 276 15 2 6 3 8 112 10 7 11 508 57 151 107 257 3,709 , 325 214 366 6 3 4 1 1 59 2 4 2 359 248 262 100 68 4,189 144 265 125 5 1 787 138 1 283 1 632 Frankfort 1 608 TiF.TTwnrnw 2 40 3 282 6,147 610 10 1 2 2,736 471 266 1 506 3 5,927 OWENSBORO . 4 488 1 1,068 For 427 estabhshments, or 10.2 per cent of the total, no wage earners are shown. These are small estab- hshments in which all the work was done by the pro- prietors or firm members, sometimes assisted by the members of their famihes. In some oases they em- ployed a few wage earners for short periods, but the numbers were so small and the periods so short that the averages, computed in the manner described in the "Explanation of terms," were nearer zero than one, and, therefore, no wage earners could be shown. The small estabhshments — those employing from 1 to 20 wage earners — represented 77.2 per cent of the total for the state, but gave employment to only 22.4 per cent of the total wage earners reported. The groups of estabhshments having more than 100 wage earners, although constituting only 2.7 per cent of the total, gave employment to 49.5 per cent of the total number of wage earners. The proportion of wage earners reported by each of the groups of estabhshments employing more than 100 wage earners, with the exception of the group comprising those employing from 251 to 500, increased from 1909 to 1914; and the proportion employed in these four groups of estabhshments combined increased from 42.6 to 49.5 during the five-year period. In the manufacture of carriages and wagons and of ice, for the flour mUls, lumber mUls and bakeries and for printing and pubhshing the majority of the estab- Digitized by Microsoft® 486 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. lishments employed from 1 to 5 wage earners. In no case, however, did these small establishments employ a majority of the wage earners, although in the flour-mill and gristmill industry nearly half (48.7 per cent) of the wage earners were reported by such estabhshments. Among the cities, the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Paducah and Louisville — 64.3 and 59:1, respectively. Table 19 INDtraiBY AND CITY. Cen- sus- year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVEBAGE NUMBEK OP WAGE EAKNER3 IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECHTED ITOMBEB. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEB CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBEB OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEB. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 9.0 10.5 13.4 15-. 1 14.5 14.8 13.6 16 9 18.8 18.1 11.5 12.2 5.3 4.8 13.9 7. a Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods . .... 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 ao 14.2 92.0 50.2 2.3 55.8 52.9 31.2 3a 6 21.0 24.4 33.9 25.9 9.4 15.5 16.2 14.4 15.2 13.5 23.9 25.2 20.1 24.5 15.3 33.3 7.1 4.7 "o.'s 4.9 6.2 0.4 0.8 16.4 21.7 19.7 21.0 4.1 4.7 2.8 1.6 9.2 9.9 3.9 11.7 6.4 6.6 15.4 26.9 20.9 a6 7.3 20.6 29.5 23.7 2a4 6.3 6;1 25.4 36.0 17.6 25.9 2ao 36.4 6.9 15.3 16.9 17.1 11.7 12.1 ia4 9.9 Bread and other bakery prod- 31.7 40.9 2.7 4.2 5.7 3.5 9.5 7.7 "b'.i 1.9 2.6 3.3 4.8 3.0 6.5 23.6 16.4 12.7 15.1 19.7 37.5 15.2 17.2 0.5 0.6 9.0 12.6 12.7 9.6 23.7 15.7 lai 9.6 30.1 25.9 27.9 23.0 13.7 14.2 1.5 1.0 13.3 13.8 5.6 22.8 10.8 20.2 15. 6l 11.0 ucts. 33.0 8.8 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, distilled .... Brick and tile, pottery, and 9X S 16.9 12.2 4.8 19.7 19.2 12.1 23.4 13.8 6.5 20.2 23.0 26.0 25.5 25.2 72.1 21.3 25.3 22.2 other clay products. 14.1' 28.4 Canning and preserving 46.6 36.0 25.3 Carriages and wagons and mar m R 13.9 19.6 22.1 21.9 20.0 26.9 6a7 a6 9.1 7.8 13.6 4a 1 terials. 16.2 27.0 18.6 13.7 12.7 54.8 44.5 Lumber and timber products.. . Printing and publishing Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs Dy steam- railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including 2.8 8.1 10.3 12.2 18.2 9.6 26.2 7.2 10.9 43.6 38.8 60.2 53.3 7.8 4.2 15.0 shirts. 30 1 Woolen and worsted goods ?fi 7 Cooperage 36.3 38.7 18. 9 1.1 16.5 14.0 '10.2 21.6 ia5 15.2 26.1 11.8 6.0 5.9 6.1 12.8 15.9 19.8 4L6 73.9 30.6 12.6 13.2 14.5 10.7 15.8 18.6 32.0 11.9 23.1 5.8 7.8 10.0 5.6 0.7 3.1 53.9 28.8 26.8 Total for cities Cotton goods 52.5 65.4 4.6 4.6 7.9 3.6 14.0 11.3 44.3 37.4 16.1 18.4 IS A 48.7 54.7 3.7 3.0 0.5 1.2 23.2 2a 23.1 24.9 8.7 6.7 3.4 7.9 37.6 53.6 Covington Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 6.7 7.0 S.1 12.0 12.1 2.8 5.4 7.6 3.7 14.0 11.9 • 6.8 27.3 34.2 7.7 17.4 lao 11.5 15.9 10.4 13.2 31.4 22.7 14.3 17.3 21.4 15.2 11.2 45.4 22.8 29.3 6.0 16.2 7.7 26.5 5.2 24.6 25.3 as 19.8 8.9 14.2 36.0 30.4 Henderson 53.0 Foundry and machine-shop products. T'RXINGTON 25.0 23.7 27.1 '26.'3 Louisville 10.8 25.1 26.6 2.0 Ice, manufactured OWENSBOBO 44 n Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. Table 20 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR HORSEPOWER. POWEB. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 190* 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 6,912 6,790 3,261 238,314 230,224 174,625 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 3,815 3,165 531 129 3,097 3,097 4,341 3,647 515 179 1,449 1,449 3,261 2,842 249 170 r4 217,420 206,871 6,581 3,968 20,894 20,382 512 218,607 207,691 6,639 5,377 11,617 11,314 303 170,260 162,829 2,828 4,603 4,365 3,874 491 91.2 86.8 2.8 1.7 as ae 0.2 96.0 90.2 2.4 2.3 5.0 4.9 0.1 97.5 Steam engines and turbines i 93.2 Tntfirnfil-^nmhiiptmTi pngi'nps 1.6 2.6 Eented 2.5 Electric 2.2 other 0.3 Electric 5,101 3,097 2,004 2,795 1,449 1,346 49,168 20,382 28,786 31,268 11,314 19,954 10,690 3,874 6,816 100.0 41.6 5a 5 100.0 36.2 63.8 100.0 Rented %4 36.2 63.8 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 8,090 horsepower, or 3.5 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, all of which was due to the increase in rented power. A slight decrease took place during 2 Not reported. this period in the amount of owned ^i§itized by f\^y&£Q&Of^ use of internal-combustion engines The horsepower of steam engines and turbines, which stiU represents the bulk of the power in use, decreased slightly between 1909 and 1914, and shows a diminishmg proportion of the total from census to MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 487 increased considerably during the decade, but the horsepower of such engines represented only 2.8 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. The horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors in 1914 formed only 1.7 per cent of the total primary power, as compared with 2.3 per cent in 1909 and 2.6 per cent in 1904. The use of rented power, now almost whoUy electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented 2.5 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the proportion of rented power had increased to 6 per cent and in 1914 to 8.8 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments, although considerable, did not, during the period 1909-1914, keep pace with that in rented electric power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same establishments represented 63.8 per cent of the total electric power in 1904 and 1909 and 58.5 per cent in 1914. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed ia generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which ^ata were obtained, for all industries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries combined in each city. Table 21 INDU3TET AND CITY. All industries. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products — Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Clothing, men's, tucluding shirts. . . Coke Floui-mill and gristmill products — Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminating and heatmg Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished - Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt '. ■ . Lumber and timber products Prmting and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manulactm-es . - — -" All other industries Total for cities. Covington Fkankfoet... Henderson... hopkinsville. Lexington Louisville Newport owensboeo... Paducah An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 2,670 536 560 13 201 366 55 870 1,597 938 203 30 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 2,073,415 4,134 183,827 30,525 93,444 2,986 655,283 78,911 62,498 36,501 2,005 160,830 27,009 181,922 80,574 45,738 5,817 8,654 37,796 373,963 746,909 76,293 13,584 32,532 11,749 17,021 463,872 73,133 25,364 33,361 Coke (tons, 2.000 lbs.). 190,235 3,751 1,786 609 2,426 2,185 13,062 3,708 146,874 11,128 382 84 10 1 4,222 26,862 973 320 279 25 136 22,653 764 540 1,172 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bbls.). 60,455 180 144 22,865 114 4,967 12,645 14,697 241 29 2,979 576 24 44,753 41 15 4 85 38,367 43 25 6,173 Gas, (1,000 cubic feet). 2,608,215 397 76,429 199,735 1,840 . 240 5,155 20,396 75,283 25,000 1,537,449 86,920 12 20,606 22,214 16,230 216 4,233 495,860 330,652 44,877 , 136 2,828 80 22,156 206,646 52,600 1,175 154 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important industries and for power laundries in Kentucky are here pre- sented. Flonr-mill and gristmill products. — Table 22 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for the last three census years. The total value of products of the industry decreased by $1,135,747, or 5.1 per cent, during the five-year period 1909-1914, but the value reported for the later year exceeded that for 1904 by $3,221,417, or 17.9 per cent. Wheat flour and bran and middlings together represented 77.8 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in 1914. For the period 1909-1914 there was a decrease of 3.7 per cent in quantity of wheat flour ground and 12.8 per cent in value of the product, but the_ amount reported for 1914 was 3.3 per cent greater and the value 5.1 per cent greater than in 1904. The production of com meal and corn flour decreased in quantity by 21.3 per cent between 1909 and 1914 and by 22.8 per cent during the ten-year period I90'^l?^f>y//F^?s-^^^ jl reported for bran and middlings and feed and offal increased 32.9 per cent during the later five-year period, while for the ten-year period 1904-1914 it increased by 73.1 per cent. Table 22 1914 1909 1901 $21,229,203 $22,364,950 $18,007,786 Wheat flour: Barrels ,. 2,728,464 $13,880,767 373 $1,985 7,450 $227 468,000 $8,700 774,322 $2,645,405 14,535,650 $238,043 115,442 $2,644,343 58, 152 $l,63fi,749 $172,984 2,832,288 $15,921,025 906 $4,232 16,000 $600 14,400 $242 984,217 $3,071,856 7,103,217 $127,193 144,004 $3,220,835 $18,967 2,641,504 Value $13,205,196 664 Kye flour: Barrels.... Value $2,696 Buckwheat flour: Pounds Value Barley meal: 70,000 Value $850 Com meal and com flour: Barrels 1 003 020 Value $2,314,364 Hominy and grits: Value Bran and middlings: Tons Value Feed and oflal: Tons $2,472,493 Value $12,187 The equipment of the mills in the state in 1914 included 1,723 stands of roUs, 287 runs of stone, and 163 attrition miUs. Nineteen estabUshments manu- jels, and one made sacks. 488 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. — ^The following statement gives the statistics of products for this industry for the last three census years. Table 23 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $9,077,908 $7,779,320 $6,167,642 BoUed, forged, and other classified products: Tons 191,499 $5,872,751 $3,205,167 216,311 $7,119,168 $660,162 169,466 $5,901,428 $266, 114 Value All other products, including value added to Iron and steel rolling-mill products by further manufacture The industry was affected by the iadustrial depres- sion of 1914. The output of rolled, forged, and other classified roUiag-miU products in that year feU below that of 1909 by nearly 25,000 tons, or 11.5 per cent, in quantity and by 17.5 per cent in value. The chief finished rolled products, in order of tonnage, were plates and sheets, wire rods, merchant bars, and naU ajid tack plates. The statistics for the industry as a whole iuclude considerable duphcation, due to the use of a large amoimt of partially roUed steel — blooms, biUets, and sheet bars — the product of certain estabhshments, as material for others. Slaughtering and meat packing. — Table 24 shows Ijhe quantities and values of the various products of this radustry in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 24 Products, total value Fresh meat: Beef- Founds Value Veal— Pounds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value. Pork- Founds Value Pork, pickled and other cured: Pounds Value Sausage: Pounds Value L»rd: Pounds Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Pounds Value. Calf- Number Pounds Value Sheep- Number Value AH other products, value 1914 $4,109,409 10,731,376 $1,229,488 998,917 $133,478 426,316 $66,647 10,467,403 $1,276,749 4,067,651 $566, 033 1,497,101 $178, 169 2,274,595 $232,986 24,398, 1,385,229 $196,575 13,658 155,490 $26,669 12,822 $7,626 $207, 199 1909 $6,568,077 17,090,098 $1,453,210 1,339,303 $149,944 404,445 $40,876 5,771,593 $642,961 17,276,390 $2,264,481 3, 194, 630 $331,094 7,870,630 $988,763 67,260 2,606,385 $281,390 12,952 $9,085 $406,283 $5,693,731 7,297,142 $475,926 600,482 $41,431 456,965 $34,684 4,981,087 $419,959 39,089,960 $3,499,376 4,002,001 $298, 181 10,330,271 $767,999 23,890 1,137,381 $91,444 12,308 $9,696 $65, 135 The total value of products increased by $874,346, or 15.4 per cent, during the period 1904-1909 but de- creased by $2,458,668, or 37.4 per cent, during the following five years. The most important products in 1914 were fresh beef and fresh pork. The pro- duction of the former decreased during the later five-year period by 6,358,722 pounds, or 37.2 per cent, and by $223,722, or 15.4 per cent, in value; the out- put of the latter increased by 4,695,810 pounds, or 81.3 per cent, and by $632,798, or 98.4 per cent, in value. The reduction in the quantity of fresh beef was thus greater than the increase in the quantity of fresh pork. Furthermore, the increase in the latter item was much less than the decline in the production of pickled and cured pork, which decreased, by 13,208,739 pounds, or 76.5 per cent, and by $1,698,448, or 75 per cent, in value between 1909 and 1914. The output of sausage, of lard, and of cattle hides also de- creased greatly. Printing and publishing. — The following table shows the number of pubHoations in the state, together with their aggregate circulation per issue, for the three census years 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 25 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total. Daily Sunday Semiweekly and triweekly. Weekly Monthly All other classes NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 326 33 9 25 221 28 '10 339 ~35 12 27 226 23 111 337 ~li 10 21 230 34 AGGBEOATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 1,250,043 311,019 88,246 58,684 348,342 169,229 284,623 1909 1,194,245 226, 180 115,865 61,248 481,957 136,995 172,010 1904 1,041,802 162,658 83,115 41,058 466,926 142,660 145,496 ' Includes two quarterlies. ' Includes four quarterlies. Between 1909 and 1914 the number of pubhcations in Kentucky decreased by 13, while their total circu- lation increased by 55,798, or 4.7 per cent. The dailies decreased in number by 2 but increased in circulation by 84,839, or 37.5 per cent; and the monthlies remained the same in number but increased in circulation by 22,234, or 16.2 per cent. The remaining classes shown separately in the table — Sunday editions, semiweeklies and triweeklies, and weeklies — decreased in both number and circulation. Only 6 of the publications were printed in foreign languages — 1 daily, 1 Sunday paper, and 3 weeklies in German, and 1 monthly in English and German. leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^Table 26 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, values of the principal products reported for this industry. Table 26 1914 1909 1904 $4,198,575 $4,240,795 $3,962,277 Oak sole leather: Sides 300,846 $2,698,439 933,523 68,720 607,893 404,382 $2,712,069 1,209,423 70,569 248,734 393 808 Value $2, 11?; 495 1 656 516 90,094 88 173 Amount received for work on materials for others The industry shows a decrease of $42,220, or 1 per cent, in value of products from 1909 to 1914. For 1909 figures for quantity and value of harness leather were shown, but for 1914 the value of this prod- Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 489 uct is included in that of "all other leather," in order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estab- lishments. The amount received for "work on materials for others" increased during the five-year period 1909-1914 hy $259,159, or 104.2 per cent. lanndries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 27, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Kentucky for 1914 and 1909. Tables? Number of estaUIisliments Feisons engaged. . -' Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Samries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEB LAUNDKIES. Number or amount. 1914 .78 2,086 54 1S9 1,873 2,655 81,116,867 844, 170 145,637 698,533 326 62,693 300,632 1, 665, 979 1909 73 1,749 67 128 1,654 2,139 $730, 112 618, 705 99,263 619,442 43,325 202,229 1,208,811 Percent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 2.7 19.3 -19.4 24.2 20.5 24.1 53.0 36.4 46.7 34.5 44.6 48.6 37.8 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. In 1914 Kentucky ranked twenty-second among the states in amount received for work done and eight- eenth in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows increases in aU -the items given, except nimiber of proprietors and firm members, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amounting to 37.8 per cent and 20.5 per cent, respectively. For 1914 estabUshments owned by individuals reported 21.1 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by cor- porations, 65.9 per cent: and those under other forms of ownership, 13 per cent. Table 28 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laimdries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 28 January... February.. March April May June July August September. October November. December. WAGE EAElfEKS. Number. 1914 1,840 1,831 1,848 1,879 1,887 1,918 1,927 1,894 1,869 1,878 1,853 1,852 1909 1,387 1,395 1,419 1,547 1,576 1,611 1,658 1,649 1,628 1,617 1,675 1,593 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 95.5 95.0 95.9 97.5 97.9 99.5 100.0 98.3 97.0 97.5 96.2 96.1 1909 83.7 84.1 86.6 93.3 96.1 97.2 100.0 99.5 98.2 97.5 95.0 96.1 Table 29 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 29 NUMBEE OF HOESEPOWEE. EINB. ENGINES OB MOTOBS. Amount. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 1909- 1914. 116 86 2,656 2,139 24.1 Owned . .. 80 77 3 36 72 71 1 14 2,624 2,520 i 131 2,070 2,068 2 69 21.9 21.9 100.0 Rented— Electric 89.9 Electric— Generated in establishments 81 80 278 - 118 136.6 Table 30 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 30 Kran. Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent ofin- 1914 1909 1909- 1914. Bituminous coal Ton, 2,000 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs Barrels 33,618 260 38 23,380 24,121 39 4 Coke Oil 22 13,607 72 7 1,000 cubic feet...:. 73.1 GENERAL TABLES. Table 31 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 32 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities of 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar statistics for all industries combined. Digitized by Microsoft® 490 MAmJFACTURES— KENTUCKY. Table 31.— COMPARATIVE' SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. IND.USTET AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary tiorse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDCSTBT AND OTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- lials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed In thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. 2 Brooms.. Butter.. Canning and preserv- ing.' Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by electric-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companaes. Clothing, men'SjInclud- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee, roasting and grinding. Coke.. Confectionery.. Cooperage. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products.* Cordage and twine , Cotton goods - . Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations Foundry and machine- shop products.' Furniture. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,184 4,776 3,734 64,586 66,400 59,794 238,314 230,224 174,625 S31.830 27,888 24,439 $114,829 111, 779 86,545 S230.249 223; 754 159,754 12 13 19 450 426 659 508 232 268 185 171 200 1,675 2,444 1,360 2,575 3,248 1,930 1914 1909 1904 236 286 237 993 985 744 976 745 388 553 485 350 1,942 1,946 1,400 3,347 3,338 2,225 1914 1909 1904 73 101 109 2,309 2,444 2,426 7,660 8,017 5,897 901 938 818 748 616 623 2,306 2,485 2,134 1914 1909 1904 20 32 28 179 86 64 140 96 52 31 23 311 318 238 503 529 366 1914 1909 1904 10 13 3 122 56 12 115 164 37 77 30 6 116 195 48 287 275 84 1914 1909 1904 33 36 16 594 653 620 843 907 591 190 177 101 1,367 1,093 706 2,266 1,857 1,096 1914 1909 1904 130 161 131 1,897 2,777 2,734 5,748 6,617 4,971 999 1,164 1,104 2,654 2,713 2,814 4,647 5,141 6,505 1914 1909 1904 8 7 3 218 217 103 471 296 131 116 49 181 142 63 329 276 124 1914 1909 1904 23 24 24 8,485 6,605 4,688 8,176 .4,994 2,624 5,661 3,240 2,525 7,259 2,900 2,956 13,344 6,635 6,739 1914 1909 1904 63 123 141 2,928 3,849 3,759 672 807 668 1,102 1,184 1,055 3,014 3,276 3,381 5,553 6,052 6,433 1914 1909 1904 12 15 12 320 392 462 55 66 76 148 151 190 273 433 438 563 772 772 1914 1909 1904 17 13 S 92 57 36 361 216 46 28 16 1,241 702 263 1,561 9S3 359 1914 1909 1904 S 4 6 472 73 92 3,366 100 170 269 34 40 820 45 21 1,265 101 100 1914 1909 1904 28 24 16 628 686 626 435 339 362 196 219 167 1,085 1,281 785 1,896 2,267 1,464 1914 1909 1904 34 49 1S7 794 878 1,053 2,347 2,726 1,819 418 394 348 1,414 1,703 2,093 2,440 2,648 2,973 1914 1909 1904 47 SO 39 379 464 414 254 323 239 214 229 174 1,799 1,686 308 2,406 2,243 728 1914 1909 1904 6 6 13 606 751 452 1,625 1,801 1,448 159 225 115 611 709 307 883 1,080 598 1914 1909 1904 4 4 4 1,158 1,044 1,031 3,726 3,169 3,085 369 307 243 1,330 1,188 1,165 1,991 1,902 1,565 1914 1909 1904 6 4 4 132 50 67 298 242 50 25 19 499 456 279 793 776 439 1914 1909 1004 442 440 388 1,447 1,401 1,373 26,151 24,773 23,266 658 591 515 17,419 18,664 16,099 21,229 22,365 18,008 1914 1909 1904 6 9 3 84 130 6 1,145 1,043 43 55 3 1,153 1,241 12 1,542 1,445 22 1914 1909 1904 114 129 85 3,701 4,479 2,672 6,803 8,089 4,096 2,209 2,402 1,212 3,542 4,735 2,641 8,697 9,627 5,349 1914 1909 1904 29 32 34 1,168 1,095 1,103 2,195 2,936 2,309 579 444 438 986 770 669 2,184 1,671 1,496 Gas, Illuminating and heating. Ice, manufactured. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods ^ Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Liquors, distilled. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products.' Marble and stone work. . Mineral and soda waters Mirrors. Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paints Patent medicines and compoundsand drug- gists' preparations. B Printing and publish- ing a Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat build- ing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves and hot-air fur- naces Tobacco manufactures. . Vinegar and cider. Wood, turned and carved. Woolen, and worsted goods. All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 78 48 6 7 8 43 33 147 11 18 20 157 206 188 15 19 20 1,299 1,592 960 79 75 43 91 16 47 5 4 4 7 6 6 16 17 13 35 4ll 431 11 10 9 28 37 22 8 8 7 163 226 238 7 8 9 12 19 18 11 14 21 303 263 199 232 386 417 766 472 346 1,987 2,372 2,149 590 814 600 630 728 2,098 2,539 1,428 1,012 747 13,337 13,042 12,407 450 510 397 226 142 113 130 139 444 343 360 151 146 143 376 3,028 3,135 2,588 90 157 115 223 354 472 487 664 540 3,326 3,973 3,969 39 40 113 465 652 702 675 818 917 4,814 4,208 4,957 1,178 991 792 12,568 9,040 8,760 34,405 29,640 26,965 292 499 2,276 2,669 1,766 14,521 16,031 11,859 6,752 6,057 4,362 54,846 69,653 43,404 1,975 1,685 424 242 208 225 180 866 796 478 815 768 498 838 447 442 3,025 2,945 2,397 164 524 108 834 853 887 532 618 361 1,558 2,713 2,875 360 231 1,329 1,446 1,773 2,506 2,016 23,716 20,959 13,040 S131 206 192 350 243 152 1,279 1,273 1,272 374 389 373 329 308 327 728 554 744 632 471 4,787 4,382 4,882 261 211 119 92 55 ■66 77 84 259 222 188 93 79 59 149 93 73 1,968 1,690 1,291 52 97 71 164 251 282 280 345 1,211 1,432 1,226 19 19 53 199 254 276. 210 241 261 2,535 2,099 2,080 $190 315 440 307 139 7,155 6,561 4,217 1,511 1,427 1,073 3,242 3,224 2,807 10,209 8,601 4,778 1,529 1,271 10,269 10,456 8,797 447 • 350 219 86 208 324 337 370 272 244 1,055 1,213 565 755 756 529 1,965 1,645 1,171 135 155 48 3,671 5,748 4,595 237 253 202 7,663 8,425 5,914 380 337 471 519 709 599 611 858 775 10,492 10,100 10,346 1 Excludes statistics tor one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes "sand-lime bnck." 3 Includes "pickles, preserves, and sauces." * Includes "stamped and enameled ware and tinware." 8 Includes " automobile repairing;" "engines;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers supplies;" "pumps, power;" and "structural iron- work." « Includes " Saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises," ' Includes "boxes, wooden packmg;" "lumber, planing mills;" and "window and door screens and weather strips." 8 Includes "jperfumery and cosmetics." 9 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;' music." 1° Excludes statistics for two establis hments, to avoii 'engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" "lithographing;" and "printing and publishing MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. 491 Table 31.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904.— Continued. DfDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INBTJSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Vplue of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. LOUISVUXE— All 1914 778 25,930 51,565 $14,196 $55,599 $105,223 LOUISVILLE— Con. industries. 19U9 1904 903 842 27,023 24,985 49,926 12,460 10,812 54,128 45,682 101,284 83,204 1914 1909 1904 5 4 4 114 130 139 208 225 $65 77 $208 324 $308 482 Boots and shoes and 1914 6 194 140 75 152 345 findings. 19U9 7 246 169 91 269 439 Patent medicines and 1914 22 269 705 109 522 1,644 1904 ■3 203 65 193 318 compounds and drug- 1909. 26 95 239 36 524 1,419 1904 820 86 38 387 1,301 Bread and other bakery 1914 96 625 610 354 1,197 2,030 products. 1909 133 679 484 332 1,302 2,246 Printins and nublish- 1914 124 1,925 1,873 1,324 1,392 4,747 1904 129 518 248 990 1,514 ing.«^ 1909 1904 124 110 1,911 1,615 1,815 1,080 910 1,111 859 4,192 3,332 Carriages and wagons 1914 27 497 2,485 289 542 1,075 and materials. 1909 38 949 2,341 418 800 1,574 Saddlery and harness. . . 1914 14 397 222 229 964 1,406 1904 31 1,004 465 1,160 2,244 1909 '20 527 315 270 1,001 1,670 .» 1904 'IS 445 208 626 1,200 Cars and general shop 1914 4 3,881 4,228 2,675 4,935 7,792 construction and re- 1909 4 2,705 2,570 1,482 1,503 3,098 Slaughtering and meat 1914 16 158 635 128 2,747 3,080 pairs by steam-rail- 1904 4 1,682 968 1,816 2,882 packing. 1909 22 293 679 219 4,715 5,372 road companies. 1904 13 433 229 4,264 5,286 Olo^hiTig^ "len'fl. . 1914 14 1,331 2,163 408 605 689 1,523 2,533 2,993 4,354 1909 20 472 All other industries 1914 285 8,784 15,989 4,011 23,094 39,481 1904 23 1,779 579 2,529 4,639 1909 1904 . 314 330 9,126 10,782 17,779 3,910 4,401 22,245 20,138 40,681 37,621 Confectionery. . 1914 14 568 634 369 178 202 998 1,744 2,105 1909 16 286 1,205 1904 10 579 141 696 1,309 COVXWGTON— All 1914 161 3,199 7,095 1,815 3,730 8,265 industries. 1909 196 3,942 8,256 1,838 4,471 8,712 Cooperage 1914 1909 1904 10 13 '14 545 645 570 1,416 307 994 1,844 2,028 1,963 1904 199 3,703 1,453 2,610 6,100 . 179 1,457 Bread and other bakery 1914 19 38 7 24 84 142 products. 1909 18 28 10 18 76 130 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 11 114 79 71 366 585 1904 14 27 15 51 89 iron work. 1909 17 204 112 99 409 625 1904 13 190 90 168 386 Carriages and wagons. . . 1914 1909 4 4 15 21 14 5 9 10 9 9 29 28 Flour-mill and gristmill 1914 S 353 2.860 188 6,177 7,296 1904 7 27 12 15 39 products. 1909 5 263 2,410 147 5,734 • 6,580 1904 5 207 98 3.860 4,374 1914 13 15 37 1 54 1909 38 411 50 130 4 188 Foundry and machine- 1914 41 2,712 4,619 1,615 2,523 6,349 1904 63 550 136 2 204 shop products.' 1909 43 3,164 5,724 lr700 3,499 6,888 1904 »31 1,649 735 1,794 3,674 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 11 77 79 52 432 582 iron work. 1909 14 96 38 49 444 579 Furmture 1914 15 672 1,203 346 640 1,327 1904 "7 15 9 15 38 1909 17 425 960 178 356 765 1904 17 613 246 ^05 764 Foundry and machine- 1914 18 477 793 286 488 1,137 shop products.' 1909 12 576 710 289 601 1,305 Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 8 12 252 122 1,731 1,172 102 67 141 78 341 338 1904 11 400 192 346 828 1904 6 57 34 41 200 Lumber, planing-miU 1914 6 108 408 77 114 234 products. 1909 10 142 601 83 172 312 Liquors, distilled 1914 1909 15 13 442 468 3,476 2,173 257 141 2,929 2,000 13,719 9,684 1904 7 171 80 192 349 1904 19 316 131 1,478 3,878 Printing and pubhsiiing 1914 11 26 21 17 37 105 - 1909 13 27 21 15 27 125 Liquors, malt 1914 8 479 2,995 385 667 2,399 1904 12 3? 21 24 121 1909 11 459 2,962 214 593 2,133 1904 12 338 217 411 1,931 Tobacco manufactures. . 1914 1909 22 30 331 311 389 387 115 115 406 740 1,048 1,223 Lumber and timber I9I4 29 1,471 4,901 765 2,706 4,297 1904 31 285 93 291 819 products.' 1909 34 1,686 4,415 733 2,509 4,227 1904 28 1,599 645 2,086 3,584 All other industries 1914 1909 57 57 1,993 2,330 5,369 6,434 1,198 1,129 2,159 2,398 4,934 4,823 Marble and stone work. . 1914 9 147 413 118 182 421 1904 57 2,189 895 1,674 3,612 1909 1904 10 15 129 181 658 77 101 131 87 384 321 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Fbankfobt 1914 1909 .1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 31 32 30 42 43 34 24 .546 694 625 1,147 1,088 459 341 1,629 2,094 3,527 3,270 2,216 $271 302 152 436 413 186 133 $2,759 2,802 1,133 1,668 1,722 762 1,017 $4,755 5,757 1,747 2,973 2,932 1,365 1,391 NE WPOBT 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 100 144 105 62 69 60 75 91 84 1,880 2,341 1,958 1,001 1,064 1,392 2,402 2,613 2,841 6,731 3,750 4,047 4,059 5,174 5,247 $1,288 1,341 1,052 485 468 500 1,265 1,245 1,185 $4,853 3,366 2,972 2,528 2,252 1,815 2,144 2,348 1,845 ' $8, 306 Henderson OWENSBORO 6,491 5,231 4,056 Padtjcah 3,605 3,319 4,491 4,967 4,443 112 85 84 1,130 1,032 1,114 2,241 2,579 638 511 455 1,849 1,249 1,386 3,531 2,851 2,774 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "plimibers' supplies;" "pumps, power;" and "structural ironwork." 3 Excludes statistics for two estabUshments, to avoid disclosure of individua] operations. < Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-miU products;" and " wmdow and door screens and weather strips." 6 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." • Excludes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithograpliing.' ' Includes ''trunks and valises." • Includes "automobile repairing;" "eni DfQftFz'^n't^mtrosoft® 492 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. Table 32.— DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber ■ of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAB- ESX REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. re- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. l^nimum month. THE ST.\TE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Artificial stone products Automobile repairmg Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Boots and shoes Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Sewer pipe, draintile, etc Fire bnck, stove lining, tile, other than draintile, architectural and fireproofing terra cotta. Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and wagons Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's Men's, youths', and boys' Contract work, men's, youths', and boys'. Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Coke Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels Other than hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cordage and twine Cotton goods Druggists' preparations Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fertilizers Flax and hemp, dressed Flour-mill and gristmill products. . . Food preparations Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine shops Boiler shops and foimdries Furniture Wood furniture Store and office fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Grease and tallow Hand stamps Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime ._. Liquors, distilled . .'. Wlusky Rum and miscellaneous Liquors, malt Litnographing Lumber and timber products. . . Lumber, planing-mlll products . 4,184 34 8 5 4 9 4 7 9 236 SO 12. 7 23 107 23 6 5 442 6 11 3 157 136 21 15 5 1,177 111 77,865 130 45 38 6 572 104 852 74 1,405 2,458 924 393 1,141 244 131 642 1,597 1,570 27 231 S,928 2,979 2,295 684 373 226 491 1,029 793 875 820 55 428 529 1,180 34 150 186 73 2,468 129 1,941 1,647 394 1,272 1,040 307 39 4 1,006 2,083 661 34 2,846 2,786 60 1,236 302 12,605 1,991 2 5 11 1 5 6 256 20 4 21 14 119 111 2 4 2 12 609 2 53 52 1 10 9 1 2 3 84 65 19 4 1 ,476 ,009 4,794 138 18 18 8 31 21 10 30 28 2 29 15 10 5 9 7 4 167 5 118 100 18 53 45 119 29 1 28 2 211 204 7 87 17 221 123 1,328 287 249 249 11 104 85 19 18 17 1 39 5 6 36 3 219 27 122 112 10 23 16 7 40 3 25 4 353 348 5 153 25 178 97 100 100 64,586 1 440 93 788 2,234 793 355 179 122 244 580 1,317 1,299 18 218 8,485 2,572 1,946 626 320 92 472 780 628 152 794 746 48 296 506 1,158 19 121 132 54 1,447 84 1,603 1,242 361 1,158 948 210 232 29 1 766 1,987 600 25 2,098 2,069 252 10,684 1,655 Au 66,145 My 109 Au 37 Je 48 m 1 Oo 460 Mh 102 Mh 827 Ap 68 Jy 1,027 Je< 2,670 Au 1,176 My 390 Je 1,186 De 192 130 Se 1,060 Mh 699 Ap 1,563 Ap 1,543 My* 20 Jy 228 Oc 8,754 Au 2,771 Au .2,133 My 668 Oc Au<. Ja Oc Oc Jy Mh Fe Je* No mS P) My 380 94 603 924 779 193 1,035 1,008 75 332 552 1,188 19 132 Ap 200 Fe 77 Jy 1,567 Se 131 Mh Mh Ja* Ja Ja My Fe Je* & i^ Ap. De My Mh Mh Oc My Ap 1,701 1,336 384 1,303 1,084 230 618 30 1 1,263 2,209 32 644 61 2,680 2,664 50 1,118 266 11,154 1,804 De 60,486 Ja Mh* No Ap Ja Jy 79 De 715 Fe 45 Ja * 961 De 1,659 Fe 347 De 298 De 946 167 114 Se Ap Ja« Oc 418 No 953 No 934 206 My 8,; No 2,178 Oc 1,641 No S35 De Ja* No Ja Ja Fe Se Se Ja* Fe Se Jy 196 91 356 644 524 118 548 513 14 264 434 1,131 19 112 De 82 Je 32 Ap 1,368 De 69 No 1,459 No 1,121 De 331 De De De 814 184 De 96 De 26 & 1 Ja 395 Jy 1,490 Mh* 28 Ja 538 De 6 Au 1,499 Au 1,453 Fe* 16 894 224 9,773 1,525 m 31 19 1 451 97 735 59 1,016 2,438 1,102 336 950 174 130 912 625 1,202 1,182 20 216 8,246 2,716 2,061 655 314 93 393 837 684 153 853 778 75 303 525 1,146 19 120 93 68 1,456 1,537 1,190 347 1,140 937 203 561 26 1 754 2,055 29 644 56 2,413 2,356 57 932 234 14, 178 1,624 (') 1 229 33 686 58 845 2,399 1,076 379 944 160 122 484 497 1,191 1,171 20 21S ,242 655 547 108 94 63 393 409 272 137 851 776 75 300 ' 248 507 16 55 93 68 1,413 72 1,515 -1,183 332 1,102 905 197 556 26 1 748 2,055 644 66 1,991 1,940 51 929 198 14, 163 1,583 m 59 47 1 157 421 2,034 1,506 528 220 30 427 412 15 2 2 3 270 630 3 62 419 413 6 35 {=) (') 1193,423,069 159,019 66,896 40,551 5,656 1,929,803 127,447 1,900,179 97,749 1,421,895 4,895,780 1,366,957 876,977 2,661,846 234,008 110,994 260,800 1,077,514 4,811,873 4,787,290 471,236 7,081,470 3,059,206 2,953,741 105,465 245,156 540,867 2,207,763 2,727,264 2,372,405 ooij Ouv 2,566,437 2,525,482 40,956 923,064 1,024,596 1,708,240 99,445 94,163 866,205 74,707 10,274,841 566,745 4,368,433 3,660,677 707,756 1,920,034 1,692,409 327,625 7,044,693 117,938 1,250 5,132,590 4,971,254 17,383 5,258.246 514,700 27,993,102 27,833,194 159,908 9,850,278 810,034 14,S92,230 3,946,196 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented nr^ffumwMicrdmrm mn for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 493 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal* materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 15,484,871 85,838,247 $31,830,283 $1,352,415 $612,684 $39,277,329 $110,472,943 $4,356,280 $230,248,909 $115,419,686 206,871 7.( 3,968 20,382 i,786 1 2,160 1,300 i,660 93,966 9,363 37,922 5,480 47,110 143,942 71,018 22,314 60,610 25,596 2,624 4,511 42,280 103,945 103,129 816 12,381 191,821 140,289 133,665 6,624 31,305 31,114 15,395 60,152 46,540 13,612 48,437 46,337 2,100 76,410 30,179 27,900 6,990 18,020 20,652 2,980 203,720 14,913 232,836 190, 158 42,678 93,355 81,915 11,440 22,233 1,200 125,406 80,509 2,500 73,112 2,100 564,408 536,288 28,120 235,634 45,711 351,835 180,359 2,335 614 4,071 122,842 2,060 80,759 3,432 76,701 63,422 13,553 17, 738 32,131 12,443 300 1,603 13,833 126,325 126,325 •1,920 239,173 272,248 272,248 15,040 83,063 13,279 132,419 87,769 44,650 22,781 22,481 300 40,701 8,892 10,133 9,310 61,673 2,600 227,679 33,703 120,412 98,992 21, 420 45,988 34,810 11,178 28, 769 2,964 46,080 75,351 ^34, 190 1,950 676,770 653, 152 23,618 197,365 30,826 231,9)7 88,006 24,444 23,128 12,023 384 179,861 22,311 323,414 39,041 553,434 859,594 321,269 130,532 407,793 51,968 76,923 42,359 295,281 703,327 694i236 9,091 130,909 5,650,935 784,115 204, 147 148,364 46,151 269,082 278,055 195,772 82,283 417,535 396,880 20,655 187,715 159,343 359,460 7,153 68,692 49,880 14,268 658,314 43,473 989,293 790,394 198,899 578,893 456, 598 122,295 130,581 18,274 180 350,262 1,279,215 20,530 329,329 13, 602 1,038,852 1,027,153 11,699 744,073 188,318 3,474,653 864,372 400 24 500 230,860 1,256 9,133 2,360 6,773 15,762 2,229 835 835 360 31,940 31,940 260 125 'i25 1,990 240 1,750 1,198 368 25 300 3,900 60 3,983 3,983 17,799 17,799 131 13,927 32,164 250 25,383 25,383 15,071 609,839 6,741 1;086 5,750 1,991 2,040 4,407 380 3,889 50,679 6,317 6,317 348 1,568 75 2,422 16,269 15,559 710 24,305 22,021 2,284 11,030 12,876 31,977 18,972 13,005 1,880 1,880 12,127 2,070 1,200 1,565 4,625 1,728 1,380 8,078 2,850 22,579 20,701 1,878 6,381 6,381 30 1,280 372 1,080 26,500 1,440 708 1,266 265 28 7,970 641 16, 1« 519 21,794 22,893 7,528 6,280 9,085 1,458 616 674 7,213 34,341 34,215 126 2,675 67, 972 23,199 21,800 1,399 8,316 6,270 2,046 264 2,800 21,410 12,635 * Same number reported for one or more other monti 4,272 5,816 7,644 14,470 9,966 4,504 15,014 14,854 160 4,471 6,852 21,389 502 618 4,536 672 76,467 3,625 27,859 20,493 7,366 17,766 14,300 3,466 51,048 673 36 40,269 32,714 232 19,382 247 34,294,882 34,009,078 285,804 918,832 4,608* 72,425 37,608 19,428 39,012 1,075 1,666,021 50,443 967, 835 68,327 1,871,123 409,068 59,614 137,073 212,481 308,498 111, 449 146, 121 562,394 1,939,790 1,929,849 9,941 175,091 7,120,436 2,345,199 2,333,959 11,240 269,722 1,231,736 79,044 1,349,443 1,069,704 279,739 1,406,257 1,393,023 12,234 1,710,216 594,297 1,301,189 54,523 77,642 494,337 119,280 17,207,568 1,141,987 1,887,184 1,615,393 271,791 962,904 769, 275 203,629 38,944 222,948 530 198,716 6,778,228 15,660 3,194,218 7,000 9,773,177 9,588,136 185,041 1,390,450 178,912 6,050,543 2^8r 900 5,699 3,159 14,730 4,281 71,022 320,936 133,027 47,322 140,687 2,313 4,801 3,887 12,523 39,462 38,669 793 6,361 138,459 21,023 14, 965 6,058 3,306 9,718 740,963 26,119 15,283 10,836 8,815 8,400 416 4,190 16,666 28,798 247 843 4,740 348 211,886 10,583 68,128 44,096 24,032 22,056 18,874 3,182 151,224 1,951 71 241,280 376,710 422 47,916 4,275 436,007 433,138 138,919 3,632 63,757 94,960 57,210 80,203 3,675 2,664,209 118,801 1,586,963 137,407 3,347,067 2,202,668 791,105 434,023 977,540 503,440 287,306 3,657,968 3,528,439 29,529 329,065 13,344,242 4,641,491 4,367,863 273,638 562,617 1,561,153 1,255,423 2,457,603 1,894,810 562,793 2*440,151 2,397,833 42,318 2,280,127 883,293 1,991,346 100, 465 219,059 793,032 159,005 21,229,203 1,541,776 4,046,647 3,416,450 630,197 2,184,464 1,790,247 394,217 588,915 264,748 3,627 1,471,866 9,077,008 48,449 4,198,575 28, 545 48,852,526 48,302,348 560,178 5,828,468 501,121 13, 860, 755 ■ ".6,9," ■ ■mi>. 66,452 36,616 40,792 2,567 892,489 65,199 603,388 64,799 1,404,922 1,472,664 598,564 249,628 624,472 192,629 171,056 89,798 514,582 1,578,726 1,559,931 18,795 147,613 6,085,347 2,275,269 2,018,929 256,340 289,589 319,699 433, 416 1,082,041 809,823 272,218 1,026,079 996,410 29,689 565,721 272,331 661,369 46,695 140,574 293,955 39,377 3,809,749 389,205 2,091,335 1,756,961 334,374 1,199,604 1,012,098 187,406 398,747 39,849 3,026 1,031,870 1,922,970 32,367 956,441 17,270 38,653,342 38,281,074 372,268 4,299,099 318,577 7,736,455 ',692,765 J'year. 204 61 131 77 428 220 1,820 166 976 7,297 3,231 1,959 2,107 140 115 414 2,030 3,718 3,694 24 471 657 483 74 55 361 3,366 620 435 185 2,347 2,121 226 184 1,625 3,725 13 42 298 52 25,151 1,145 3,668 2,908 760 2,195 1,895 300 1,178 173 12,568 34,405 11 2,276 385 14,521 14,419 102 6,762 179 44,976 7,801 76 150 1,700 278 7,007 3,123 1,809 2,075 1,865 3,058 3,052 7,831 210 210 65 3,321 229 204 25 2,179 1,959 220 60 1,160 3,550 165 18,112 1,061 2,389 1,939 460 1,826 1,626 200 1,066 173 12,073 34,325 1,433 385 13,966 13, 878 6,702 100 43,286 5,025 122 31 5 30 131 86 107 101 "'fi' 20 25 153 146 15 50 2,613 334 264 70 250 175 3,166 343 34 113 166 613 183 7 150 26 70 35 79 150 507 497 10 346 301 236 65 55 306 335 226 110 152 152 124 215 13 42 118 2 1,270 84 934 694 240 369 269 100 75 24 108 6 11 768 105 101 4 439 743 306 450 440 10 50 79 945 2,033 30 1,482 1,121 40 360 731 100 6,610 1,967 255 255 419 278 1,017 1,017 276 12 414 49 150 1,880 1,880 1,334 782 342 ' None reported for one or more other months. 494 MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. Table 32.— DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTaT AND GIT'S. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EAENEES DEC. 15, OE NEAE- EST BEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tb day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds . . Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground. Mirrora Musical iiKtruments and materials, not specified. Paints Patent medicines and compounds . . . Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces.. Poultry, killing and dressing... Printing and publishing, book and job Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printii^. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and hot-air furnaces , Structural ironwork Tobacco, chewing and smoking. Tobaccoj cigars Vinegar and cider Wirework, miscellaneous. . . Wood, turned and carved. . Woolen and worsted goods. All other industries* 79 620 83 43 35 9 450 H 102 11 10 2 7 72 3 46 2 2 1 6 35 91 428 91 38 21 9 269 3 50 . 3 3 1 43 5 127 4 8 1 1 113 3 16 4 225 4 11 27 25 11 151 32 482 19 35 60 19 349 18 721 7 21 14 679 4 25 2 3 12 8 4 72 3 4 4 4 57 9 490 2 25 96 17 350 10 149 8 4 10 4 123 124 1,649 85 115 78 59 1,312 276 2,286 254 181 412 136 1,303 17 991 4 75 295 67 550 207 1,178 223 87 83 34 751 S2 117 27 19 34 35 2 40 654 39 36 62 17 600 11 117 13 9 4 1 90 2S 296 37 13 22 1 223 8 657 5 29 33 3 487 10 599 4 25 70 28 -472 38 2,909 32 48 450 67 2,312 115 1,216 118 46 31 7 1,014 7 140 3 14 71 13 39 5 29 2 5 2 20 12 526 7 27 19 8 465 11 705 6 13 6 5 675 172 7,382 97 304 624 210 6,147 Oc Je Oc Ja» 525 82 37 362 52 Pe My 164 425 Ja» 9 Ap 62 Oc 523 No 639 My 1,336 Au 1,338 Jy3 Au Au3 Fe Je Je Ta 551 784 605 134 232 539 Ap s 511 Je 2,456 Fe 1,053 Mhs 22 De 509 Au 697 Ja De Fe' }&» Tie Aus 305 62 33 194 35 De 130 Oc 263 Ja 415 Je8 7 Des 65 Ja 241 Je8 10 Fe 1,290 Ja 1,280 Jas 549 Ja 730 Ja3 Au Se 399 29 219 422 De 410 De 2,102 De 978 Ja 32 Oo 17 Se 430 Ja 640 481 80 36 273 53 130 (') ^ 134 305 769 55 379 631 1,111 1,337 550 786 539 156 226 451 444 2,460 1,015 39 20 517 478 53 5 265 53 130 111 222 769 1 62 187 248 770 1,137 521 616 515 156 225 439 440 1,377 401 31 19 517 7 3 192 380 334 159 25 134 2 1,071 610 426 $1,076,954 60,893 16,840 668,772 183,042 166,522 7,650 708,777 1,436,766 525,483 13,663 62,381 1,376,999 94,072 2,660,505 2,646,424 1,088,087 1,414,925 143,412 1,458,694 311,388 730,780 788,965 1,697,440 13,907,907 • 633,617 31,398 711,682 1,533,507 21,154,730 *A11 other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 7 Artificial limbs 2 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobiles 2 Bags, other than paper 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing 3 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boot and shoe findings 2 Boxes, cigar 2 Brushes 1 Buttons 4 Carpets, rag 4 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 2 Cement 1 Chemicals 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clocks ; 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Condensed milk 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups „ . . . 2 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiar- ists' supplies 1 Dental goods 3 Dyeing and finishing textiles 3 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 3 Electroplating 2 Engines, Steam, gas, and water. 3 Explosives 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Foundry supplies 1 Fur goods 1 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and oma- menting 2 Glue 1 Hair work 3 Hardware 2 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Hats, lur-felt 2 Hosiery and knit goods 1 House-Iumishing goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Ink, writing 2 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 2 Labels and tags 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. LOinSVILLE—AU industries. 778 31,185 Booits and shoes and findings Bread and other bakery products Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Conf eotiopery and chewing gum. . Ice creaui Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. 217 815 93 473 4,060 l.,577 189 861 709 142 586 160 160 481 1,267 482 11 100 22 16 1,297 2,691 30 2 17 105 168 72 93 77 16 13 785 25,930 194 625 82 415 3,881 1,331 82 671 568 103 545 114 121 353 Mh * 26, 871 No Jy' I? Fe Oc 200 632 115 498 4,022 Au 1,456 Ocs 83 Oc Oc & Fe No My 819 724 125 752 130 132 Au 391 Mh 1, 162 De 24, 146 Au Oo My No Je 188 612 74 341 3,742 De 1,014 Jas 81 Mh Mh De My Au Oo De 563 463 84 385 100 113 332 977 25,832 198 624 115 360 3,711 1,332 83 729 629 100 519 120 120 336 995 20,485 5,274 107 506 115 360 3,708 422 54 344 258 119 55 302 977 91 114 384 371 13 1 1 62 34 18 36 37 $89,966,910 225,571 798,015 308,744 1,870,474 3,576,093 1,836,390 489,468 2,692,868 2,313,365 279, .513 2,116,254 294,381 94,163 2,583,017 3,242,617 1 Owned power only. ' Includes (ented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914-Continued. 495 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal ma^^ials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.^ Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES-Continued. $59,877 8,848 3,272 37,730 4,015 9,770 102,644 79,094 26,350 10,770 10,622 53,048 2,200 191,702 282,074 150,684 102,490 28,900 71,542 15,271 30,645 53,125 51,349 147,598 58,485 5,056 46,481 26,199 601,513 $20,366 6,052 2,691 12,600 616 1,440 34,280 77,640 8,868 5,973 5,648 121,478 4,268 131,758 362,033 234,987 68,644 58,402 84,840 4,180 20,420 36,392 81,087 564,466 33,806 76,821 27,980 9,583 826,415 $282,998 41,423 9,018 119,447 23,286 64,776 93,466 139,516 262,887 2,689 42,893 147,821 21,835 789,492 909,630 508,049 401,481 100 330,994 52,356 163,586 282,437 259,162 852,677 358,311 18,630 10,813 199,427 209,741 3,435,462 $10,072 $10,620 4,844 3,720 10,683 $7,134 941 141 6,669 295 1,799 116 9,543 18,336 4,070 2,005 7,140 200 420 173 621 3,240 8,480 8,036 350 150 1,032 5,550 10,644 915 55,990 324 490 7,202 1,006 19,355 1,800 250 15,588 164,365 51,012 21,198 28,270 3,541 17,040 30,622 9,251 11,471 132,554 3,350 476 15,800 375 16,362 835 8,576 1,065 2,416 2,460 5,686 7,542 8,322 2,981,994 158,820 3,638 174 6,834 8,913 112,407 2,283 1,937 200 2,582 6,481 19,261 804 1,080 339 9,465 58,304 16,687 81,802 $424,859 74,794 5,957 429,257 30,271 204,504 1,185 1,044,310 661,092 110,280 9,807 10,217 1,205,499 237,575 842,401 762,031 471,315 274,764 1,411:937 131,669 3,654,848 223,551 651,040 7,069,488 549,284 377,497 12,523 509,480 593,308 10,761,726 $22,458 3,115 165 8,516 10,918 3,128 58 10,445 28,870 23,482 66 827 12,254 156 34,756 53,840 32,743 21,046 7,467 2,896 16,014 13,631 16,513 40,912 2,917 2,074 553 9,568 17,892 692, 786 $1,057,909 165,321 48,448 930,154 86,957 308,192 7,700 1,518,729 2,010,876 617,242 51,601 93,545 2,027,152 276,384 2,687,309 3,534,218 1,779,561 1,407,606 347,151 2,074,016 221,788 4,109,409 754,407 1,249,534 14,785,239 1,361,387 700,360 41,671 869,192 933,933 20,474,465 $610,592 87,412 42,326 492,381 45,768 100,560 6,457 463,974 1,320,914 483,480 41,728 82,501 809,399 38,653 1,810,152 2,718,347 1,275,503 1,111,696 331,148 654,612 87,223 438,547 517,225 581,981 7,674,839 809,186 320, 789 28,595 350,144 322,733 9,019,953 1,975 168 15 424 400 208 1 815 825 2,460 1,294 266 37 425 131 15 141 169 """29' 193 375 155 89 25 1 53 1 549 43 292 25' 50 241 780 2,016 25 2 152 32 429 3 1,181 ■■"4i2' io' 3 3 2 17 29 14 1 1,154 TO i' 1,611 128 348 16 1,119 786 821 100 28 2 346 """ie' 684 431 4 256 164 4 240 30 5 11 95' 16 39 834 632 726 20 6 88 527 150 949 1,635 23 360 320 1,376 629 159 23 18 45 520 340 2 25 1,329 1,773 22,991 25 338 35 2,200 '"'sio' 5,413 966 1,714 20,384 25 ■"462' ""'24' 5 Lard .refined, not made in slaughtering and meat-pacldng establishments. . 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Lubricating greases 1 Malt : 1 Models and patterns, not including paperpattems 1 Mnsicalmstruments, organs 3 Musical instruments, pianos 3 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 2 Oil, essent^ 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Optical goods 6 Photographic apparatus 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Pottery products 3 Printing and publishing, music 1 Pumps, steam 1 Hoofing materials 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Safes and vaults 1 Sand-lime brick 1 Sausage: 1 Shirts 3 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Soap 4 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Stamped and enameled ware 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam packing 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stereotyping and eleetrotyping 1 Surgical appliances 2 Tinware 2 Toys and games 2 Trunks and valises 3 Upholstering materials 1 Varnishes 2 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wall plaster 2 Washmg m^hlnes and clothes wring- ers 1 Waste 1 Watch cases I Window and door screens and weather strips 4 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wood distillation^ not including tur- pentine and rosm 1 Wood preserving 1 Wool pulling 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $2,743,727 $3,271,134 $14,195,755 $238,946 $335,016 $13,326,553 $54,432,147 $1,166,665 $105,222,671 $49,623,859 51,565 39,390 282 13,843 8,850 38,500 12,668 35,266 98,221 108,420 26,726 62,992 41,180 11,812 37,530 40,510 18,020 52,475 153,679 5,593 47,934 3,016 22,329 79,116 132,717 72,592 123,419 80,479 42,940 17,986 13,536 9,932 116,864 74,630 75, 127 354,255 38,626 260,756 2,675,098 605,468 41,413 238,670 178, 120 60,550 306,547 70,788 68,692 188,257 669,860 400 "sio 2,358 23,174 1,662 4,926 18,091 260 100 100 240 300 21,740 9,816 19,211 15,678 3,533 1,180 2,380 4,625 720 8,915 1,118 14,378 1,832 14,099 39,483 11,742 5,529 13,285 9,437 3,848 12,816 2,505 618 25,766 20,990 148, 755 1,154,267 79,770 438,953 4,875,220 1,511,668 1,072,961 1,152,285 984,707 167,578 364,606 77,642 6,144,414 1,409,581 3,438 42,553 6,053 17,638 '60,270 11,602 8,219 21,805 13,007 8,798 4,616 1,682 843 32,942 60,141 345,490 2,030,455 179, 753 895,540 7,791,996 2,992,874 1,354,115 2,101,367 1,744,274 357,083 1,844,015 585,016 219,059 7,296,118 2,774,980 193,297 833,635 93,930 438,949 2,856,606 1,469,614 272, 935 927, 267 746, 660 180, 707 849,936 218,728 140,574 1, 118, 762 1,315,268 140 610 555 408 311 432 369 63 1,416 79 42 2,860 2,670 247 405 1,700 4,148 210 55 201 7 1,324 140 356 150 230 198 256 218 162 56 10 809 4,623 255 2,540 1,985 19 320 666 79 915 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 496 MANUFACTURES—KENTUCKY. Table 32.— DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nrousTET AND crcY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENOAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST EEPRESENTATIVZ DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- euts, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. MitiimnTn month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 LOUISVILLE— ContiQued. Furniture - - . 16 11 4 8 15 8 9 14 9 12 5 12 16 65 48 8 10 30 14 16 43 229 739 508 231 296 623 586 430 547 179 96 128 201 328 1,353 1,063 825 134 94 494 207 901 12,105 7 6 I I 2 1 2 8 4 3 ■ 10 34 17 ...... 13 9 20 41 117 28 20 8 19 46 43 24 33 20 7 8 27 19 92 94 57 23 14 23 12 29 453 13 6 7 15 106 56 47 41 7 10 1 23 32 69 312 261 17 34 S3 17 26 1,166 19 13 6 9 28 4 9 6 3 2 1 10 10 47 96 57 10 29 12 ...... 323 672 463 209 252 442 479 348 466 147 69 114 138 257 1,111 534 450 80 4 397 158 800 10,046 Ja Ja My Mb Jy Mh Au Oc Je Ja3 Fe Fe My Jy» Mh jy w Fe ■^/ Au 769 650 230 462 629 636 421 643 186 90 147 158 312 1,126 533 451 82 1 480 160 832 De De De Ja Au3 Mh Oc Mh Ja De Au' De Oc Fe Ja» De» Jas (.<) Se Oc My 537 353 184 162 356 438 249 422 119 54 80 112 206 1,095 529 449 78 1 320 154 758 663 460 203 172 601 458 343 437 152 61 130 116 222 1,104 630 449 ■ 80 1 447 169 803 10,292 637 440 197 172 382 458 343 435 152 61 130 93 177 792 501 431 70 25 20 5 1 11,122,626 795,001 327,625 2,230,664 7,551,361 6,338,050 3,880,267 813,718 349,142 99,314 166,522 672,813 999,127 2,270,411 1,1,98,241 917,189 160,125 120,927 872,547 517,651 465,412 41,381,089 19 27 1 *A11 other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 2 Artificial limbs 2 Artificial stone products 2 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 3 Bags, other than paper, not including bags made in textile mills 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 2 Boxes, cigar 2 Boxes, fancy and paper 3 Boxes, wooden packing, except cigar boxes 4 Brass, bronze, and copper products.. 7 Brick and tile, terra-ootta, and fire- clay products 3 Brooms 5 Brushes 1 Butter 3 Buttons 1 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-raihoad com- panies 1 Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clocks 1 Clothing, women's 10 Coffins, bturial oases, and undertakers' goods , 2 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cotton goods. 1 Dairymen's, tuDultryiiien's, and apiarists' supplies 1 Dental goods 2 Druggists' preparations 3 Dyeing and finishing textiles, ex- clusiveofthatdoneintextilemills-. 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. 1 Fertilizers 3 Flavoring extracts 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas and electric fiixtures 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Gas machines and gas and water meters .-. 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. •......'.. 2 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Grease and tallow, not elsewhere specified, not including axle grease.. 3 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 2 Hats and caps, other than lelt, straw, and wool 1 Hats, fur-felt 2 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 2 1 COVniQTON-AU uidustries.. 161 3,700 139 138 158 68 3,199 Oc 3,305 Fe 3,091 3,235 2,727 499 4 5 t7, 777, 518 4 19 4 13 6 11 11 3 6 5 6 73 17 66 20 150 13 113 213 36 121 24 24 2,903 4 23 5 15 5 14 2 7 6 6 53 2 1 11 38 15 134 8 77 185 27 108 19 7 2,570 Au Jy8 Je3 My 3 1? Mh Jy Au Ap3 14 41 16 164 8 89 212 36 116 20 7 Aps Ja De3 Oc Se Mh Fe Au3 (0 8 30 14 112 8 64 153 20 93 18 7 10 42 14 165 8 76 187 30 108 20 7 2,578 10 39 14 20 4 74 186 30 108 18 6 2,218 52,796 48,143 37,895 29,999 17,070 343,954 388,614 374,343 253,266 21,596 27,195 6,182,647 ^ Bread and other bakery products 4 3 ^ 5 Clothing men's 1 131 4 2 1 4- 6 Confectionery and ice cream 7 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. 4 18 6 2 12 4 3 4 6 4 R q in Lumber, planing-mill products Printing and publishing, book andjob. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. All other Industries * 11 2 1 365 1? 2 105 8 121 1 64 11 4 1 * All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 2 Automobiles 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products ... 1 Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products 3 Brooms 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs bysteam-railroad companies. 2 Clothing, women's 1 Cooperage 2 Cordage and twine 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water , 1 Floru'-mill and gristmill products 1 Furniture ,. . . 2 Ink, writing 1 Labels and tags 1 Lard, refined, not made in s laughter- ing and meat-packing establish- ments 1 Liquors, distilled 2 Liquors, malt 2 Marble and stone work 2 CITIES OE 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— A.LL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 31 42 24 112 100 62 75 778 1,308 419 1,482 2,216 1,269 2,762 30 25 15 85 92 45 53 72 48 32 108 86 70 95 114 70 27 113 126 112 155- 16 18 4 46 32 41 47 646 1,147 341 1,130 1,880 1,001 2,402 My 591 My 1,256 Au 402 Jy 1,227 Je 2,089 Se 1,204 Je 2,670 De 485 De 1,016 Fe 271 Ja 982 No 1,674 De 704 De 2,074 592 1,151 327 1,180 1,890 968 2,562 542 759 310 1,104 1,490 899 2,257 49 389 7 70 380 64 288 t 1 3 10 2 12 5 7. ...... 8 $4,093,882 2,513,821 1,295,153 2,737,151 5,502,518 4,058,058 4 451 742 ?. Henderson s TTOPKTWRVTT.T.H: 4 5 H Owensboro . . 7 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— KENTUCKY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 497 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract J work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $49,072 37,632 11,440 29,564 124, 199 110,836 67,617 58,390 31,555 7,675 9,770 102,644 57,672 163,807 180,212 121,676 34,816 23,720 44,672 30,540 41,841 $33,996 22,818 11,178 14,400 196,319 78,984 72,407 31,152 6,184 5,012 1,440 33, 138 43,888 117, 805 277,026 197,042 24,743 55,241 51,280 16,302 30,906 1,541,231 $345,595 223,300 122,295 102,118 256,834 385, 141 223,153 266,338 118,261 35,748 64,776 88,091 105,768 674,968 493,076 430,003 62,973 100 228,564 127,864 278,317 4,817,586 $8,334 8,334 1,000 5,390 7,489, 5,108 SO 1,600 200 13,807 108,232 9,678 2,070 96,484 30O 67,535 $3,345 3,345 4,495 264 2,100 3,032 4,818 2,870 420 4,917 37, 122 19,558 13,640 3,828 2,090 12,255 1,146 13,764 117,683 $9,693 6,227 3,466 13,071 9,684,838 477,648 16,107 7,354 3,599 1,389 1,799 9,254 16,292 17,061 8,630 6,843 i;429 358 5,109 4,855 123, 621 2,762,072 $627, 740 424,111 203,629 66, 592 2,841,858 685,872 1,175,726 587,688 176, 563 97,774 204,504, 1,018,336 485,391 720,638 437,474 365,043 57,628 14,803 957,657 2,735,121 435,563 21,858,075 $12,666 9,484 3,182 74,307 86,688 81,524 13,142 17, 813 5,385 1,716 3,128 9,158 22,163 27,614 28,664 27,340 1,308 16 6,937 11,824 1,939 501, 195 $1,326,815 932,598 394,217 341, 164 13,719,301 2,399,105 1,809,631 1,074,722 420,990 • 216,099 308, 192 1,476,612 1,603,865 2,296,862 1,948,595 1,435,069 239,676 273,850 1,405,779 3,080,184 1,050,138 40,333,849 $686,409 499,003 187,406 200,265 10,790,755 1,731,709 620,763 469,221 239,042 116,609 100,560 449, 118 1,096,311 1,548,610 1,482,457 1,042,686 180,740 442,185 333,239 612,636 17,974,579 1,203 903 300 1,731 3,476 2,995 1,854 1,452 413 59 208 659 704 966 776 690 86 915 715 200 1,724 3,408 2,995 1,235 330 350 20 155 110 700 288 188 100 7 68 213 201 12 17 602 470 77 ""\m 28 25' 619 1,112 58 39 53 549 2 966 676 590 86 10 5 2 100 100 222 635 22 18,509 222 25 22 4,366 '"'iso' '"5,"4i2' 610 13,916 227 259,031 18 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Jewehry . . . .• 5 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 8 Lithographing 4 Lubricatmg greases 1 Malt 1 Mattresses and spring beds, not else- where specified 9 Millinery and lace goods, not else- where specified 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, organs 2 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Optical goods 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 3 Photo-engraving, not done in printing establishments 3 Pickles, preserves^ and sauces 7 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Pottery 1 Pumps, steam 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Shirts 2 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stamped and enameled ware, not else- where specified 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam packing 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stereotyping and eleotrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves 7 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works and rolling mills 6 Surgical appliances 2 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl ; 12 Trunks and valises 3 Upholstering materials 1 Varnishes 2 Vinegar and cider 5 Wall plaster 2 Waste 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 2 Windowshadesand fixtures 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified 4 Wood, turned and carved 3 Woolen goods 3 Worsted goods 1 >266,565 $187,039 $1,815,183 $31,057 $39,063 $893,930 $3,593,875 $135,762 $8,265,496 $4,535,859 7,095 5,625 486 984 744 1 314 2,790 6,048 23,865 9,451 36,556 3,382 52, 192 117,880 18,217 76,897 11,662 5,097 1,453,936 24 2,120 3,722 556 717 437 334 128 1,263 2,327 3,835 769 99 343 883, 122 3,368 82,187 8,241 151 8,089 429,698 97,559 11,267 111,392 11 504 24,990 2,805,429 571 2,171 325 1,317 531 1,889 • 4,404 16,200 2,994 495 68 104,797 17,3;0 141,809 28,701 54,243 21,431 582,007 350,297 91,475 234,314 35,844 69, 120 6,638,945 13,371 57,451 20,135 52,775 12,811 150, 420 248,334 64,008 119,928 23,845 44,062 3,728,719 31 7 14 15 14 79 282 900 408 21 25 6 7 8 11 4 19 61 s' 44' 100 37 100 ? 1 95 8 60 20 900 398 6 4 2 \ 800 285 3,660 2,774 5,458 180 2,482 1,554 i; R 20,900 29,699 10,343 3,240 14,351 5,698 2,667 3,051 883 838 4, 105 7 201 8 q 10 12 in 9 11 5,720 195,863 5,902 152,266 23,767 1,345 1? 16,828 5,324 4,239 226 8S9 455 13 Millinery and lace goods, not else- where specified 1 Mineral and soda waters 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Paints 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces : . . 1 Safes and vaults 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Structural ironwork 2 Tobacco, chewing aod smoking 4 Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes 18 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Vinegar and cider \ Wirework, including wire rope and car ble 1 Wool pulling 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $175, 268 79, 171 34,470 132,018 181,489 104,451 161,788 $193,902 71,766 24,945 115,539 153,144 128,522 187,959 $271,308 435,900 132, 691 637,699 1,287,569 485,325 1,265,155 $231,008 2,146 6,600 17,281 11,381 5,441 320 $5,217 7,215 1,970 34,539 14,944 11,466 21,772 $710,609 322,296 8,645 77,446 253,780 24,037 179,561 $2,723,822 1,615,805 994,094 1,794,617 4,713,764 2,469,073 2,070,783 $35,533 52,588 22,910 54,281 138, 745 59,176 72,984 $4, 754, 539 2, 973, 457 1,390,917 3,530,677 8,305,609 4,056,142 4,491,183 $1,995,183 1,305,064 373,913 1, 681, 779 3, 453, 100 1, 527, 893 2,347,416 1,629 3,527 2,216 2,241 6,731 4,047 5,174 1,158 3,263 1,962 1,185 6,083 3,355 -4,327 10 29 629 115 2 41 10 50 461 254 175 421 533 278 483 260 1,074 884 390 ' Same number reported for one oj 82101°— 18 32 ormpre other months. , . . l-^^c uigitizeaDy Microsort'& le number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® LOUISIANA. By K. McShane. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^Louisiana was ad- mitted to the Union in 1812. With a gross area of 48,506 square miles, of which 45,409 represent land surface, it ranks thirtieth in siae among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,381,625, in 1910, 1,656,388, and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,773,000. In total population Louisiana ranked twenty-fourth in 1910, and in density of population it ranked twenty-seventh, with 36.5 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figu!re for 1900 being 30.4. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the population residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — -was 496,516, or 30 per cent of the total, as against 26.5 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 six cities — Alexandria, Baton Eouge, Lake Charles, Monroe, New Orleans, and Shreveport — each having an estimated population of more than 10,000. These cities, whose aggregate poptJation formed 25.4 per cent of the estimated total population of Louisiana in that year, reported 32.5 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. New Orleans alone, with an estimated population of 361,000, or 20.4 per cent of the total for Louisiana, produced 27.3 per cent of the state's manu- factured products, as measured by value. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 5,720, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 199. Excel- lent facihties for water transportation are provided by the Mississippi River, ports on the Gulf of Mexico, and an especially well-developed canal system. Agriculture is the leading industry. The total value of all farm crops grown in 1909 amounted to $77,336,143, the leading ones being cotton (including cotton seed), sugar cane, and corn, valued at $20,274,747, $17;762,537, atid' $16,480,322, respec- tively. The state's production of cotton from the growth of 19 14 was 449,458 equivalent 500-pound bales, or 2.8 per cent of the total yield in the United States. According to the annual report of the United States Geological Siirvey, Louisiana led aU other states in the pro^duction of sidphur in 1914, ranked fifth in output of salt, and contributed an important part of the total production of petroleum and natural gas. The salt deposits are extensive and of unusual purity. The sulphur deposits are extraordinary, and the sul- phur mines of the state divide with those of Sicily the control of the world's market of this product. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® The value of merchandise exported from the port of New Orleans in the fiscal year 1914 was $193,839,961, and the value of merchandise imported through the same port in that year was $89,382,621. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The natural resources of Louisiana, which are of great im- portance, have a marked influence on the estabUsh- ment and growth of many industries. Some of the materials used in manufacture — such as timber, sugar cane, cotton, and rice — are produced in large quanti- ties. Lumber alone supplied the raw materials for almost one-fourth_of the total products, as measured by value; and cotton, sugar cane, and rice together constituted the raw materials for about one-third of the total. Louisiana's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $255,312,648, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 77,665. In that year Louisiana ranked twenty- first among the states in the former respect and twenty-second in the latter; the corresponding rank- ing in 1909 was nineteenth and twenty-first, respec- tively. The output of manufactured products in Louisiana in 1914 represented 1.1 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the cor- responding proportions for 1909 and 1904 were 1.1 per cent and 1 .3 per cent, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. AU of the items in this table for which increases for the period 1904-1909 were reported, with the single exception of cost of materials, show, for the five-year period 1909-1914, smaller percentages of increase, and, in a few cases, actual decreases. Decreases during the later five-year period appear for the number of estab- hshments, number of proprietors and firm members, and amounts paid for contract work and rent and taxes. The decreases in number of estabhshments and number of proprietors and firm members are due primarily to the tendency for manufacturing to be- come concentrated in large establishments, generally operated imder corporate ownership, and, are not, therefore, accompanied by a corresponding decrease in output. (499) 500 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital.. apit alar Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials i Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANTIFACTUKINQ INDnSTBrES. 1914 $261, 50, 11. 39 2; 9, 157, 255, 97, 2,211 88,014 1,850 8,499 77,665 399, 743 635,022 712,012 l'67,552 544,460 537,779 784, 026 886,027 312,648 426,621 1909 2,616 86,663 2,295 8, 103 76, 165 346,652 $221,816,398 42,394,039 9; 008, 135 33,385,904 2,595,405 10,615,968 134,864,775 223,948,638 1904 2,091 63, 735 1,899 5,977 55,869 251,963 $150,810,608 31,360,154 6,044,404 25,315,750 2,801,394 3 1,421,180 117,035,305 186,379,592 69,344,287 1899 1,8 3,576 40,878 190, 182 $100,874,729 17,659,372 2,933,935 14,725,437 76,403,937 111,397,919 35,993,982 PEB cent; of INCEEASE.l 1909- 1904- 1899- 1914 1909 1904 -12.1 20.3 14.5 1.7 35.8 -19.4 20.9 4.9 35.6 67.1 2.0 36.4 36.6 15.3 37.6 32. S 18.0 47.1 49.5 19.6 35.2 77.6 24.0 49.0 106.0 18.4 31.9 71.9 -0.7 -8.8 -7.8 17.1 15.2 65.2 14.0 20.2 67.3 9.4 28.6 92.7 1 X minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives the per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table H All industries. Lumber and timber products Sugar, including refining Oil, cottonseed, and cake Eice, cleaning and polishing . Food preparationSjUOt elsewhere spec- Bags, other than paper Liquors, distilled Bread and other bakery products. Printing and publishing Liquors, malt Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Foundry and machine-shop products . Cars and general shop constructicn and repans by steam-railroad com- panies Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Fertilizers Ice, manufactured Turpentine and rosin , Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified , Wood preserving , Canning and preserving , Clothing, men's, including shirts.. Leather goods Mineral and soda waters Confectionery , Furniture Flour-mill and gristmill products Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building Boots and shoes ^ Carriages and wagons and materials ... . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations All other industries CENSUS OF 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 2,211 516 171 37 24 30 4 3 284 290 10 17 71 34 25 209 Wage earners. Average number. 77,665 44,419 4,798 1,127 735 994 713 120 1,440 1,405 510 302 1,360 2,697 949 408 782 2,472 745 203 991 833 176 256 240 347 31 186 227 419 261 -607 65 6,127 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 $256,312,648 57.2 6.2 1.5 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.2 1.9 1.8 0.7 0.4 1.8 3.6 1.2 0.5 1.0 3.2 1.0 0.3 i;3 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 (^) 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.1 7.9 Value of products. Amount. 66,656,268 67,948,322 18,106.257 12,966,690 11,714,543 7,804,022 5,357,511 4,978,175 4,316,948 4,300,506 4,240,550 3,248,975 3,042,318 2,985,757 2,818,455 1,962,071 1,868,391 1,661,026 1,579,823 1,365,267 1,359,269 945,383 823,676 766,722 759,098 687,387 686,019 683,678 663,263 633,632 509,223 443,864 417,918 400,683 26,720,959 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 $97,426,621 26.1 22.7 7.1 6.1 3.1 2.1 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 L3 L2 L2 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 10.5 Value added by manufacture. -I — Amount. 38.933,686 9,371,662 1,940,906 1,272,660 2,758,518 876,520 4,193,314 2,165,272 3,255,162 2,866,686 1,541,040 1,893,561 1,966,449 1,363,766 886,945 1,286,965 1,434,041 682,547 379,569 702,741 495, 438 420, 221 446, 817 407,601 439,010 63,222 424,709 278,337 394,794 166,166 271,138 305,404 296,124 268,600 13,060,141 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 40.0 9.6 2.0 1.3 2.8 0.9 4.3 2.2 3.3 2.9 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.4 0.9 1.3 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 13.4 FEB CENT OF INCBEASE. Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 2.0 -3.6 -6.8 26.1 6.1 183.2 50.4 11.7 -9.0 -0.4 28.0 3.5 11.2 -3.1 38.3 23.5 46.4 -22.9 40.0 1.7 2.0 -23.5 28.0 15.9 -19.1 11.8 12.0 -6.1 -7.0 -0.3 -4L4 1904- 1909 6.4 65.3 ■12.4 -44.3 -24.9 166.9 28.1 73.7 17.6 61.0 62.8 -20.8 -0.3 -14.2 38.2 615.3 16.2 68.6 -35.0 -21.0 12.4 -21.6 125.5 -20.7 77.3 -42.7 -28.8 1899- 1904 36.6 21.9 124.0 277.1 12.1 -19.9 -5.3 -16.0 190.0 18.0 76.6 23.7 58.5 -21.9 120.4 -42.3 47.0 17.1 132.7 -14.6 -0.1 -1.9 Value of products. 1909- 1914 14.0 6.1 -9.1 38.4 3.5 119.4 45.8 -38.1 7.8 12.9 20.3 41.1 8.4 20.4 3.0 60.4 30.7 58.3 4.2 29.7 16.4 -7.8 60.5 8.1 63.8 -13.6 -0.8 16.9 206.9 31.3 -27.1 12.7 39.4 16.8 3.3 -3.7 -21.3 10.3 1904- 1909 20.2 100.9 57.8 87.7 1900.0 18.4 72.0 20.1 66.2 81.8 -8.1 -4.1 '12.9 36.4 463.8 -11.8 -16.6 -43.1 6.8 17.7 1,328.8 188.6 -3.0 -77.4 -47.1 -23.1 1899- 1904 67.3 17.0 51.0 65.4 147.8 14.0 84.4 '7i."6 92.6 185.6 174.7 -5.9 32.2 53.0 118.4 77.2 222.3 29.2 81.0 -37.2 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 9.4 1.9 -18.3 28.0 -18.3 219.6 213.3 -46.2 14.0 15.8 13.0 107.2 22.5 27.2 16.7 106.0 28.3 41.2 -18.6 7.5 73.7 -2.5 32.6 44.6 9.6 41.8 -19.7 11.3 -10.7 218.4 -35.2 89.2 15.1 50.1 90.3 -22.2 -38.5 "21.8 38.7 -5.6 -22.3 16.0 -27.5 17.1 1904- 1909 28.5 30.6 480.0 14.6 -24.'6 -34.6 -7.6 2.6 24.4 692.3 198.3 -15.2 83.0 -48.0 -16.7 189ft- 1901 157.5 101.9 38.7 123.1 502.2 19.7 12.3 61.6 58. 1 175.4 35.1 75.6 99.2 113.4 125.6 ioe.'g -17.2 22 1 70.1 214.7 -63.9 415.2 28.7 76.0 -43.5 • Percentages are based on figures in Table 31; a minus (— ) sign denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or where comparable figures are not available. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 34 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valueci at more than $400,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 5 with products ex£^^i/^i^6/0jta/^ 000 in value, 2 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 14 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 13 with products valued at less than /l^GJOQlQ9©i5f®A. number of industries, some of which MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 501 had products greater in value and a larger number of wage earners than those of certain industries shown in the table, are included under the heading " all other industries" because statistics for them can not be shown separately without the possibdity of disclosing the operations of individual establishments, 'or for other reasons. The more important of these indus- tries are the manufacture of cotton goods, of hosiery and knit goods, and of salt, the refining of petroleum, and iron and steel shipbuilding. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The lumber and sugar industries are the only ones which rank alike in all these respects. It wiU be noted that for each of these the percentages which the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture form of the respective totals are very dissimilar. For example, the lumber industry, whUe it employed 57.2 per cent of the total wage earners and contributed 40 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, reported only 26.1 per cent of the total value of products. The cottonseed-oU industry, third in value of products, was eighth in number of wage earners and ninth in value added by manufacture. The cleaning and pol- ishing of rice, fourth in value of products, was fifteenth in number of wage earners and value added by manu- facture. The manufacture of bags, other than paper, was sixth in value of products, sixteenth in number of wage earners, and seventeenth in value added by manufacture. Because of the comparatively simp.e processes in- volved in the manufacture of bags and of cottonseed oil and in the cleaning and polishing of rice, and be- cause of the extent to which these processes are car- ried on by machinery, the value added by manufac- ture and the number of wage earners employed in these industries are not commensurate with the gross value of products. In rank according to value of products, as shown in this table, the manufacture of cottonseed oil and cake and the cleaning and poHshing of rice held the same places in 1914 as in 1909, while the manufacture of sugar and that of lumber and timber products ex- changed places. In 1909 the last-named two indus- tries ranked first and second, respectively, but for 1914 the revers^ is the case. For the remainder of the industries slight changes are noticeable when compari- son is made with the figures from the earlier censuses. Luinber and timber products. — This industry, em- bracing logging and the operations of sawmills, planing miUs, and wooden-box factories, was the most impor- tant in Louisiana in 1914. It shows an increase of 6.1 per cent in value of products, together with a decrease of 3.6 per cent in average mpabQr of wage earners, for the period 1909-1914. Qf^U^&Sktl^e growth of the lumber industry in the state during the decade 1904-1914 is shown by the increases of 73.7 per cent in value of products and 59.3 per cent in average nmnber of wage earners. In value of products of this industry Louisiana ranked second in importance among the states in 1914, as against third in 1909. Sugar, iricluding refining. — ^The statistics for the manufacture of raw cane sugar and molasses and for sugar refining in Louisiana in 1914 are combined in order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments. The combined industry was the sec- ond largest in the state in 1914, contributing 22.7 per cent of the total value of manufactured products and reporting 6.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In both 1914 and 1909 Louisiana was the second most important state in the Union in the production of raw cane sugar and molasses and refined sugar, contributing 18.6 per cent of the total value of these products in the later year and 22.8 per cent in the earlier. The manufacture of raw cane sugar in the United States is confined mainly to Louisiana, the state con- taining 171 of the 184 establishments in the United States engaged in this industry in 1914. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — The statistics presentea for this industry comprise those for all establishments reported as engaged primarily in extracting oil from cotton seed or in refining crude cottonseed oil. A sMght decrease in value of products during the period 1904-1909, due to the decided decrease in the produc- tion of cotton during that period, was followed by a marked increase from 1909 to 1914. The increase for the decade amounted to 37.3 per cent. For 1899 the value of products reported for this industry was $7,026,452; for 1904, $13,187,608; for 1909, $13,084,586; and for 1914, $18,106,257. The increases for the periods 1899-1904 and 1909-1914 amounted to 87.7 per cent and 38.4 per cent, respec- tively, and the decrease for 1904-1909 was eight- tenths of 1 per cent. In value of products of this industry, Louisiana advanced from fourth place among the states in 1909 to third place in 1914. Bice, cleaning and polishing. — ^This industry, al- though it was fourth in importance in the state in 1914, as measured by value of products, ranked only fifteenth in average number of wage earners among the industries shown in the preceding table. The value of products has shown an Lucrease at each suc- cessive census since that of 1899, but each increase has been very much smaller proportionally than the pre- ceding one. There has been a decrease in number of establish- ments from census to census since 1904, due to the erection of larger and more up-to-date mills in the new rice-growing districts and to the increasing preva- Jlence of_ ^^practice of buying rough rice outright, selling the various products obtained 502 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Of the 59 rice cleaning and polishing establishments in the United States in 1914, with a combined output valued at $23,039,000, Louisiana reported 24, with products valued at $12,967,000, or 56.3 per cent of the total. Bags, other than paper. — The importance of this industry ig in a measure dependent upon the demands made by other industries of the state for its output. Burlap bags are used in handling cotton seed, cotton- seed meal, rice, and fertilizers. In 1914, as in 1909, Louisiana ranked third among the states in value of products of this industry, reporting 9.9 per cent of the total for the later year and 9.8 per cent for the earlier. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage 'earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUBINQ INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Female. Per cent of total. Male. Female. AH classes . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 88,014 86,563 81,473 80,787 6,541 6,776 92.6 93.3 7.4 6.7 4,433 5,001 1,850 2,295 966 872 1,617 1,834 5,916 5,397 77,665 76,166 4,286 4,822 147 179 96.7 96.4 3.3 3.6 Proprietors and firm mem- bers. Salaried oflicers of corpora- tions. Superintendents and man- agers, f ^ Clerics and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number). 1,735 2,144 947 861 1,604 1,817 5,262 4,838 71,925 71,127 115 151 19 11 13 17 654 559 6,740 6,038 93.8 93.4 98.0 98.7 99.2 99.1 88.9 89.6 92.6 93.4 6.2 6.6 2.0 1.3 0.8 0.9 11.1 10.4 7.4 6.6 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age 76, 432 74,626 1,233 1,539 71,096 70, 153 829 974 6,336 4,473 404 565 93.0 94.0 67.2 63.3 7.0 6.0 32.8 36.7 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes. . Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations -Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) ._. 16 vears of age and over Urider 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTEIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 1.7 -11.4 -19.4 10.8 -11.8 9.6 2.0 2.4, -19.9 Male. 0.8 -11.1 -19.1 10.0 -11.7 1.1 1.3 -14.9 Female. 13.2 -17.9 -23.8 17.0 13.9 19.3 -2S.5 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 100.0 5.0 2.1 1.1 1.8 88.2 86.8 1.4 1909 "^S 100.0 5.8 2.7 1.0 2.1 6.2 88.0 86.2 1.8 Male. 1914 100.0 5.3 2.1 1.2 2.0 6.5 88.3 87.3 1.0 1909 6.0 2.7 1.1 2.2 6.0 88.0 86.8 1.2 Female. 1914 2.2 1.8 0.3 0.2 87.8 81.6 6.2 1909 3.1 2.6 0.2 0.3 9.7 87.2 77.4 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. The manufacturing industries of Louisiana in 1914 gave employment to 88,014 persons, of whom 4,433 were proprietors and officials', 5,916 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, and 77,665, or nearly eight-ninths of the total, were w'age earners. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 71,096, or 93 per cent, were males, and 5,336, or 7 per cent, w;ere females. These tables show increases for the five-year period in the total numbers of salaried officers of corpora- tions, clerks and other subordinate salaried em- ployees, and wage earners. Wage earners over 16 years of age represented 88.2 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing indus- tries in the state in 1914 and 88 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classi- fication employed at the earlier census. (See "Ex- planation of terms.") Table 5 mal son according to occupational statusT Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 88,014 86,663 63,735 1,899 5,977 55,859 100.0 2.1 9.7 88.2 100.0 100.0 1-7 35.8 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees. . . 1,850 8,499 77,665 2,2SJ 8,103 76,165 2.7 9.4 88.0 3.0 9.4 87. 6 -19.4 4.9 2.0 20.9 35.6 Wage earners (average) 36.4 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The total number of persons engaged and the numbers of salaried employees and wage earners show small increases for the period 1909-1914, but for proprietors and firm members there appears a considerable decrease, due to the tendency of manu- facturing industries to concentrate in large estab- lishments, usually operated under corporate owner- ship. ^ajm^^e number of wage earners employed, ancHSeir per cent distribution as males 16 years of MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 503 age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children xmder 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914,. 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6. Census year. WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber.! Per cent ot total. INTjDST^Y. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years otage. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 77,665 76,165 55,859 91.5 92.1 89.4 6.9 S.9 8.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 713 474 46.6 29.3 45.3 47.7 8.1 23.0 Bread and other bakery products 1914 1909 1,440 1,289 82.3 82.2 14.9 12.7 2.8 6.0 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 1914 1909 607 609 97.9 93.4 "'6.' 2' 2.1 6.4 OftTiTiing anH prfts<*r^*Tig 1914 1909 991 974 34.8 41.4 64.4 . 50.6 0.8 8.0 Gars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 2,697 2.426 99.3 100.0 0.7 1914 1909 833 817 -9.4 8.8 89.6 90.8 1.1 0.4 Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- wherie specified. 1914 1909 745 966 98.7 98.7 1.3 1.3 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 1914 1909 949 979 84.4 85.8 6.2 10.9 9.4 3.3 1914 1909 1914 1909 408 295 994 351 99.8 100.0 74.2 82.1 0.2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 21.4 15.7 4.3 2.3 Foundry and machine-shop products 1914 1909 1,360 1,314 99.5 99.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 1914 1909 782 633 96.2 98.7 ""0.'2 3.8 1.1 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 SIO 512 ■99.2 96.7 0.8 3.1 0.2 1914 1909 44,419 46,072 99.1 99.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.8 Oil, cottonseed and cake 1914 1909 1,127 894 98.7 99.1 1.3 0.7 0.2 1914 1909 1,405 1,544 85.1 84.6 10.9 10.4 4.0 4.9 1914 1909 735 693 100.0 , 99.0 0.6 0.4 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Sugar, including refining 1914 1909 419 374 99.3 100.0 0.7 1914 1909 4,798 5,093 97.1 98.8 S:! 1.3 0.9 1914 1909 2,472 1,688 99.4 99.6 0.6 0.4 All other industries 1914 1909 9,261 8,168 64.7 64.0 30.0 28.5 5.3 7.5 ' For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and by age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." For aU industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over increased con- siderably between 1904 and 1909, but decreased shghtly during the succeeding five-year period; that of female wage earners 16 years of age and over was much smaller in 1909 than in 1904, but increased some- what between 1909 and 1914; and that of w;ageea^ers under 16 declined steadUy. from cenajs! ing only two-thirds as great in 1914 as in 1904. For 1914, as compared with 1909, of the 20 indus- tries for which separate figures are given in this table, 8 show increased proportions of males; 8, iucreased proportions of females; and 8, slightly increased pro- portions of children under 1 6 years of age. The manu- facture of bags, other than paper, canning and pre- servrug, and the manufacture of men's clothing are the only industries showing larger proportions of women and children than of men. In 1909 children under 16 years of age represented 23 per cent of the total average number of wage earners in the bag industry, but in 1914 the corresponding proportion had decreased to only 8.1 per cent. The largest pro- portion of children in 1914 is shown by the copper, tin, and sheet-iron industry, in which 9.4 per cent of the wage earners in that year were under 16 years of age, as against only 3.3 per cent in 1909. Nearly one- fourth of the, wage earners imder 16 years of age in Louisiana are employed in the lumber mills, and another fourth are distributed among the hosiery and knit goods, cotton goods, and tobacco industries. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN— SEX AND AGE. _C3 < o Pi 1 1 O 1 1 Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 359 1188 358 1355 620 1,101 ,736 609 1406 17,348 17,186 17,468 1,539 1,114 1,162 16 years of age and over: Male 346 1181 9' 3 4 14 331 1329 583 17 20 14 10 6 23 1,082 730 696 1403 11,863 12,209 112,372 4,810 4,005 4,335 685 972 761 1,489 1,106 11,124 45 7 2 2 1 6 27 Under 16 years of age 12 4 11 2 5 3 11 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 96.4 96.3 ""2'5' 1.6 1.1 2.1 92.5 92.7 94.0 4.7 5.6 2.3 2.8 1.7 3.7 98.3 99.2 97.9 99.3 68.3 71.0 70.8 27.7 23.3 24.8 3.9 5.7 4.4 96 7 99.2 96 7 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 2.9 0.5 2 3 Under 16 years of age 1.1 0.5 1.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 1 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them m order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits ot the city. For New Orleans, in which city, in 1914, were em- ployed more than four times as many wage earners as in all the other cities of the state, the only note- worthy changes shown by the table are, a rather pro- nounced increase in number and proportion of women wage earners between 1909 and 1914 and a decided falling offJrL the employment of children during the ' 4(fifiP^Qt©^ following an increase during the pre- ceding five years. In this city considerably more than 504 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. one-fourth, of the total wage earners in 1914 were women and nearly one-third were women and children. In all the other cities the proportions of women and children were niuch smaller. Shreveport, the second largest city in the state, shows a large increase for the period 1909-1914, fol- lowing a slight decrease during the preceding five years. Alexandria, Lake Charles, and Monroe show substan-' tial increases for the later period, but in Baton Rouge there was practically no change. Li the cities taken as a group the percentages of male and female wage earners 16 years of age and over and of children tmder 16 were 73.6, 22.9, and 3.4, respectively, in 1914. Wage earners employed, by months. — ^The following table gives, for all industries combined, thetotal num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Because of the seasonal character of a number of the industries which are dependent upon agriculture for their raw material — especially the sugar industry — the last three months of each of the years covered by the table show a greater degree of activity than any pre- ceding period of equal length in the same year. The fluctuation in the employment of wage earners from month to month, however, was much less in 1914 than in either 1909 or 1904. The greatest difference be- tween the maximum and miniTmim months in any one of the three census years was 22,194, in 1909. The average monthly employment of wage earners in 1914 was 77,665; in 1909, 76,165; and in 1904, 55,859. Table 8 January . . , February . , March April May June July August September, October November, December. WAGE EAKNEE3 IN MANUTACTURING INDUSTEIEa. Number.' 1914 78, 445 77,385 78,311 78,905 76,604 76,265 77,889 75,848 75, 168 78, 032 81,183 77,955' 1909 71, 118 69,620 72,237 71,911 70,060 ■ 72,066 73,270 73,676 74,272 83,413 90,630 91,814 1904 65,079 61,482 52,008 50,769 61,021 50,655 60,506 61,238 63,641 64,301 70,693 69,015 Per cent of maximum. 1914 95.3 96.5 97.2 94.4 93.9 95.9 93.4 D2.6 96.1 100.0 96.0 1909 77.5 75.8 78.7 78.3 76.3 78.5 79.8 80.1 80.9 90.8 98.7 100.0 1904 77.9 72.8 73.6 71.8 72.2 71.7 71.4 72.5 75.7 91.0 100.0 97.6 1 The flgure,' for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 16th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. Table' 9 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 9 nrouSTET AND aiT. All industries Bags, other than paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Cannmg and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Fertilizers Food preparations, not elsewhere specified , Foundry and machine-shop products , Ice, manufactured Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Eice, cleaning and polishing Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building . . Sugar, including reilnmg Turpentine and rosin All other industries Total for cities Alexandeu „ Baton Rouge Lake Chaeles • MONBOE New Oeleans Sheevepoet WAGE EAENEBS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that pf minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed, during year. 77,666 713 1,44: 607 991 2,697 833 745 949 408 994 1,360 782 610 44,419 1,127 1,405 735 419 4,798 2,472 9,261 21,314 359 358 1,101 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 78,445 712 1,421 466 757 2,830 537 1,044 1,363 564 47,225 1,523 1,393 959 487 2,443 2,612 9,098 21,016 Feb- ruary. 77,385 738 1,424 502 1,270 2,768 849 712 927 827 1,104 1,344 679 495 46,316 1,167 1,409 651 1,9U 2,611 9,052 21,486 S80 "416 1,161 590 17,29! r/.ei March. 78,311 785 1,429 679 1,306 2,811 860 741 801 917 1,083 1,382 623 494 46,854 986 1,S89 791 469 2,054 2,506 9,362 21,924 287 332 1,220 604 17,676. 10! April. 78,905 673 1,423 669 1,337 2,719 870 730 939 800 1,034 1,393 709 47,857 621 1,398 666 501 2,300 2,571 9,167 21,671 372 321 1,243 621 17., 236 May. 76,604 669 1,422 718 • 530 2,738 884 730 960 230 972 1,306 888 508 47,461 468 1,417 482 475 2,116 2,464 9,187 20,797 365 313 1,118 626 16,939^,. June. 76,265 2,673 754 967 164 7Si 1,448 1,042 624 47,613 564 1,401 161 437 2,268 2,446 8,996 BO, 404 Sll 1,027 634 July. August. 730 764 2,747 645 996 171 1,476 1,045 537 48,198 546 1,400 492 2,440 2,446 21,071 391 315 983 624 17,311 1,447 jep- tember. 75,848 es7 1,428 670 1,187 2,722 817 601 1,048 ISg 1,461 1,026 538 45,684 557 1,410 313 2,404 2,488 9,446 21,231 637 17,609 1,442 7e,158 734 1,454 666 1,179 2,679 780 729 1,099 246 1,097 1,363 977 642 43,167 1,422 1,420 1,123 292 2,314 2,450 9,465 21,890 384 372 1,101 589 18,060 1,394 Octo- ber. Novem- ber. 78,032 729 1,478 596 1,456 2,648 ■ 791 1,016 301 1,045 1,388 775 512 39,750 1,887 1,397 1,112 302 8,236 1,401 9,407 22,095 404 410 1,117 639 18, 099 1,426 81, 183 660 1,484 544 1,004 2,548 769 884 868 261 1,076 1,178 605 498 36,926 1,962 1,415 1,122 15,366 2,402 9,365 21,233 378 433 1,063 595 17,390 1,S74 Decem- ber. 77,965 714 1,481 471 1,481 823 7U 300 1,081 1,228 eei SB, 998 1,843 1,411 1,062 318 13,702 2,478 9,310 20,950 401 356 1,023 S62 17,207 1,401 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 92.6 83.7 94.3 63.8 25.4 87.7 87.0 68.0 67.7 16.6 71.0 79.8 52.7 89.7 74.7 24.0 97.8 12.6 48.3 12.7 93.4 95.1 92.3 69.3 71.8 76.9 87.9 91.9 72.1 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 505 Of the selected industries, rice cleaning and polishing shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in July being but 12.6 per cent of the number in September, and for the more important in- dustry of sugar manufacturing and refining the corre- sponding percentage, 12.7, is very nearly as low. The extreme fluctuation in these industries, as well as in canning and preserving and in the manufacture of cot- tonseed products and of fertilizers, is due to their sea- sonal character. The least fluctuation is shown for printing and pubUshing, for which industry the pro- portion that the mimimum formed of the maximum was 97.8 per cent. i Of the six cities, Alexandria shows the greatest fluctuation in the number of wage earners employed, and New Orleans the greatest stability of employment. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 10 the average numbers of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. Table lO Census year. AVEEAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EAKNEKS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Orer 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 191? 1914 77,665 76, 165 6,175 4,348 2,727 1,410 7,387 6,448 4,340 1,684 35,777 35,246 16,534 20,767 2,070 3,659 2,655 2,804 BagSj Otlifi'' thfl.Ti papfir „ , , , . , . 713 474 1,440 1,289 607 609 991 974 2,697 2,426 833 817 745 966 949 979 408 295 994 351 1,360 1,314 782 633 610 512 44,419 46,072 1,127 894 1,405 1,544 735 693 419 374 4,798 6,093 2,472 1,688 9,261 8,168 21,314 1 2 74 154 74 37 795 24 230 20 599 196 286 402 274 171 329 383 454 489 248 262 417 186 617 54 341 18 23 8 33 9 3 13 1,821 1,441 17 137 69 137 214 346 102 Bread and other bakery products 16 4 28 131 68 6 11 524 688 204 128 2 317 72 624 14 10 169 119 5 96 7 CftTiTiiTig Fi.nrt prfiSJArving 2 82 5, Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 438 'panies. ^ 121 417 8 13 20 9 97 96 67 - 68 322 39 348 209 295 762 258 407 423 107 22 310 82 402 105 4 6 Fertilizers . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 25 42 32 14 19 2 9 45 1 4 195 40 821 796 9 1 2 36 72 6 51 65 107 503 300 215 • 19 8 165 ,68 71 66 410 334 224 153 380 111 181 1,110 852 352 259 96 28,414 25,985 187 207 137 91 2 110 87 83 389 690 948 1,277 2,647 3,090 6,027 13,845 18,184 156 132 5 1 484 324 42 112 473 524 2 9 249 249 5 836 773 26 36 195 331 356 58 119 10 6 33 RhmhnilHiTicf wnrwlATi incIniliTif' T>oa,t hnilrlf'"? , 326 258 71 1 873 208 12 167 149 683 140 1,240 1,194 2,368 2,063 99 1,187 262 1,260 1,600 3,801 1,924 170 All other industries 1,294 603 1,917 2,140 1,866 5,788 1,219 677 2,695 15 118 506 13 Total for cities - 284 340 359 17,348 1,539 41 3,406 148 5 1,855 89 77 190 274 4,599 569 19 30 7 17 2,496 127 128 24 660 165 3,569 481 48 79 87 "'"igs" 94 29 Baton Rouge ; —<-.-.- -.v . - ■ — JjS<5^"^^::::::;::::::::::::::::;:::::::::::::::::i5/9!/te( New Orleans 36 32 59 1,012 102 56 8 5 214 28 506 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. The figures in this table, for the state and for the selected industries, show a tendency toward a shorten- ing of the working day of wage earners. At both cen- suses, for the majorky of the wage earners employed in the manufacturing industries of the state, the pre- vailing hours of labor ranged from 60 to 72 per week. In 1909, however, only 18.1 per cent of the total number were employed in estabUshments where the prevailing hours were fewer than 60 a week, whereas in 1914, 26.6 per cent were employed in such estab- lishments ; and during the five-year period there was a slight decrease in the number employed in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours were more than 72 per week. In the bag, fertilizer, food preparations, and lumber and timber industries the majority of the wage earners in 1914 were employed on the basis of a 10-hour day (60 hours a week) . In the sugar industry in the same year more than two-thirds of the total wage earners were in establishments operating 72 hours a week or more; in cottonseed products more than two-fifths were employed on the 72-hour-a-week basis; and in the manufacture of ice more than half were reported by estabhshments whose prevailing hours were over 72 per week. The most pronoimced decrease in hours of labor is shown by canning and preserving. In 1909, 57.1 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were em- ployed in estabhshments where the hours of labor were 60 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 99.3 per cent. A considerable trend toward a shorter working day will also be noted in bread and bakery products; oil, cot- tonseed, and cake; and steam-raUroad repair shops. Of the combined total average number of wage earners in the six cities in 1914, 90.2 per cent were employed in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were 60 or fewer per week. location of establishments. — Table 11 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Louisiana were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 11 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. DI8TKICTS OUTSIDE aHES HAVING A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OVEE. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 6 6 3 450,403 414,868 314,386 962 1,021 747 21,314 19,986 17,250 $83,059,221 86,861,922 59,719,597 34,616,838 33,625,828 18,046,533 25.4 25.0 22.8 43.5 40.6 40.9 27.4 26.2 42.2 . 32.5 38.8 53.6 35.5 37.7 50.1 4 4 2 56,276 47,768 27,282 156 112 69 2,427 1,686 1,066 $6,994,909 4,425,283 2,273,481 2,910,930 2,009,984 985,953 1 1 1 1 1 361,221 339,076 28?, 104 733 848 688 17,348 17,186 16,186 $69,814,081 78,794,030 67,446,116 29,252,594 30,061,971 17,060,580 1,773,482 1,656,388 1,381, 626 2,211 2,516 1,826 77,665 76,165 40,878 $255,312,648 223,948,638 111,397,919 97,426,621 89,083,863 35,993,982 3.2 2.9 2.0 7.1 4.5 3.2 3.1 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.3 2.7 32,906 28,015 1.9 1.7 20.4 20.5 20.8 33.2 33.7 37.7 22.3 22.6 39.6 27.3 35.2 51.6 30.0 33.7 47.4 1,323,079 1,241,630 1,067,239 1,.249 1,496 1,079 66,351 56,180 23,628 $172,253,427 137,086,716 51,678,322 62,809,783 55,458,035 17,947,449 74.6 76.0 77.2 73 61 3.3 2.4 56.5 59.4 59.1 Average number of wage earners.. . 1,539 1,114 2.0 1.5 72.6 73.8 57.8 Value of products $6,250;231 3,642,609 2.4 1.6 67.5 61.2 46.4 Value added by manufacture 2,453,314 1,553,873 2.5 1.7 64.5 62.3 49.9 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. . The table shows that for 1914 the cities of more than 10,000, which represented 25.4 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 32.5 per cent of the total value of products, 27.4 per cent of the total average nimiber of wage earners, and 43.5 per cent of the total number of establishments. The cor- responding percentages for 1909 are slightly smaller, with the exception of that for value of products, which is considerably larger. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 12. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in that year. Table 12 aTT. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OP PBODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 New Orleans Shreveport 17,348 1,539 1,101 609 358 359 17,186 1,114 736 •406 1355 1188 17,468 1,162 ■■"620' $69,814,081 6,250,231 3,688,863 1,128,176 1,122,086 1 1,055,784 $78,794,030 3,642,609 2,260,973 '935,736 '652,416 1586,159 $81,410,706 2,837,923 Baton Rouge 1,383,061 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them In order to include data only lof those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 507 All the cities, with the exception of New Orleans, show more or less progress in manufacturing during the period 1909-1914. The decrease in value of prod- ucts in New Orleans is due in considerable part to the removal of one very large estabHshment to the district just outside the city. Of the total value of products ^nd the total number of wage earners for the state in 1914, 27.3 per cent and 22.3 per cent, respectively, were reported for New Orleans. AH the estabhsh- ments in the state reported as engaged in the manu- facture of bags, other than paper, men's clothing, cotton goodSj - hosiery and knit goods, furniture, jewelry, pottery, and soap, together with nearly all those engaged ia the manufacture of boots and shoes and of mattresses, the roasting and grinding of coffee and spice, and the brewing or distillation of hquors, are located in this city. The principal industries of Shreveport, which ranks second among the cities of the state, are lumber and |,imber products ; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products ; saddlery arid harness ; fertilizers ; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies; flour -mill and gristmill -products; oil, cottonseed, and cake; and wood preserving; of Lake Charles, lumber and timber products; rice, cleaning andpoMshing; and flour-miU and gristmill products; of Monroe, lumber and timber products; oU, cottonseed, and cake; and cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies; of Baton Rouge, the cot- tonseed products and lumber industries; and of Alex- andria, the cottonseed products; lumber; and foundry and machine-shop industries. It will be noted that, with the exception of Baton Eouge and Alexandria, the ranking of the cities in number of wage earners is the same as their ranking in value of products. Character of ownership. — ^Table 13 presents sta- tistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for 11 selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for indi- vidual cities the figures are for all industries com- bined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid dis- closing the operations of individual estabUshments, several important industries have been omitted from this table. Table 13 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDUSTRY AND CITY. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- viduals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 975 1,143 1,003 900 910 700 336 463 388 77,665 76,165 55,859 6,083 8,423 8,538 66,294 61,561 40,768 5,288 6,181 6,563 7.8 11.1 15.3 85.4 80.8 73.0 .6.8 8.1 11.7 $255,312,648 223,948,638 186,379,592 $14,555,127 21,241,976 25,046,838 $222,568,108 183,303,633 138,977,223 $18,189,413 19,403,029 22,355,531 5.7 9.5 13.4 87.2 81.8 74.8 7.1 8.7 12.0 Bread and otlier bakery products. 240 251 10 8 34 * 30 1,440 1,289 736 746 518 413 186 130 51.1 57.9 36.0 32.0 12.9 10.1 4,978,175 4,619,618 2,683,111 2,759,952 1,549,558 1,187,523 745,506 672, 143 53.9 59.7 31.1 25.7 15.0 14.5 Canning and preserving . . . 1914 1909 8 8 14 13 6 5 991 974 50 21 834 922 107 31 5.0 2.2 84.2 94.7 10.8 3.2 1,365,267 977, 763 79,867 47, 538 1,208,376 871,578 79,024 58, 647 5.8 4.9 88.4 89.1 5.8 6.0 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steain-railroad com- panies. 1014 1909 28 26 2,697 2,426 2,697 2,426 100.0 100.0 h 3,042,318 2,527,337 3,042,318 2,627,337 100.0 100.0 Clothing, men's, including shirts. 1914 1909 8 7 4 4 5 8 833 817 170 210 281 79 382 528 20.4 25.7 33.7 9.7 45.9 64.6 1,359,269 1,168,205 227,878 176,867 382,654 173,925 748,737 817,413 16.7 15.1 28.2 14.9 55.1 70.0 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 14 26 8 9 1 6 745 966 1115 178 630 763 "■"'25 15.4 18.4 84.6 79.0 '"2.6 1,661,026 1,694,830 ■284,843 330,973 1,376,183 1,221,909 17.1 20.8 82.9 76.6 41,948 2.6 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. 1914 1909 35 44 15 12 7 10 949 979 132 312 762 585 55 82 13.9 31.9 80.3 59.8 5.8 8.4 2,985,757 2,808,597 388,318 972,743 2,471,426 1,820,103 126,013 105,751 13.0 33.6 82.8 62.8 4.2 3.6 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 35 40 28 30 8 13 1,360 1,314 359 501 948 703 53 110 26.4 38.1 69.7 53.5 3.9 8.4 3,248,975 2,998,273 834,393 1,244,915 2,304,542 1,575,456 110,040 177, 902 25.7 41.5 70.9 52.5 3.4 5.9 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1009 165 236 262 293 89 173 44,419 46,072 1,705 3,268 40,621 39,974 2,093 2,830 3.8 7.1 91.4 86.8 4.7 6.1 66,656,268 62,837,912 1,992,440 3,536,060 81,891,664 55,518,507 2,772,164 3,783,345 3.0 5.6 92.9 88.4 4.2 6.0 Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 154 151 86 65 50 52 1,405 1,544 283 356 988 997 134 191 20.1 23.1 70.3 64.6 9.5 12.4 4,316,948 3,823,473 545,888 617,554 3,485,607 2,857,471 285,453 348,448 12.6 16.2 80.7 74.7 8.6 9.1 Sugar, inclndingreflniiig. . 1914 1909 48 73 90 94 33 42 4,798 5,093 845 956 3,289 3,401 664 736 17.6 18.8 68.5 66.8 13.8 14.5 57,948,322 03,775,200 3,691,983 6,878,399 47,339,195 47,775,064 8,917,144 9,121,737 6.4 10.8 81.7 74.9 11.9 14.3 Turpentine and rosin 1914 1909 4 3 17 12 6 8 2,472 1,688 80 64 2,293 1,415 99 209 3.2 3.8 92.8 83.8 4.0 12.4 1,858.391 1,173,848 66,099 26,947 1, 709, 684 1,000,474 82, 708 146,427 3.6 2.3 92.0 85.2 4.5 12.5 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 447 384 131 21,314 2,519 16,500 2,295 11.8 77.4 10.8 ■ 83,059,221 7,239,261 64,688,813 11, 131, 147 8.7 77.9 13.4 Aleiandeia 22 22 19 13 340 31 •14 12 290 35 6 8 4 3 103 7 359 358 1,101 609 17,348 1,539 82 80 43 46 2,169 99 241 236 966 543 13, IJl 1,403 36 42 92 20 2,068 37 22. S 22.3 3.9 7.6 12.5 6.4 67.1 65.9 87.7 89.2 75.6 91.2 10.0 11.7 8.4 3.3 11.9 2.4 1,'055,784 1,122,086 3,688,863 1,128,176 69,814,081 6,250,231 192,409 216,203 105,153 94,811 6,308,349 322,336 715,889 779,600 3,424,210 987,094 53,209,763 5,592,257 147, 486 126,283 159,500 66,271 10,295,969 335,638 18.2 19.3 2.9 8.4 9.0 5.2 67.8 69.5 92.8 85.7 76.2 89.6 14 Baton KouGE '. 11.3 Lake Chabies 4 3 MONEOE New Oeleans 14 7 Shbevepoet Digitizmtfp Wcfd^m® 508 MANUFACTURE&— LOUISIANA. This table shows, for establishments under corporate ownership, a marked predominance in respect of wage earners and value of products. Although only 40.7 per cent of the total number of establishments were under this form of ownership in 1914, these estab- lishments employed 85.4 per cent of the total number of wage earners and reported 87.2 per cent of the total value of products. These proportions have shown a considerable increase from census to census. For both 1914 and 1909 the largest proportions of the total value of products for each of the industries for which separate statistics are given, with the exception of the bakery and men' s-clo thing industries, are shown for estabhshments under corporate ownership. This con- dition prevailed also in 1914, as regards aU industries combined, in each of the six cities. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments or the reverse is indicated by the statistics given in Table 14. Table 14 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OP E3TAB- USHMENT3. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EABNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,211 2,516 2,091 77,665 76,165 55,859 $255,312,648 $223,948,638 $186,379,692 $97,426,621 $89,083,863 . $69,344,287 630 628 517 406 30 661 814 634 384 23 468 658 554 398 13 1,138 3,832 11,735 49,156 . 11,804 1,432 5,703 14,739 44,649 9.642 890 4,174 12,428 35,112 3,255 1,576,842 6,591,301 24,286,588 116,907,903 105,950,014 1,707,700 8,633,W2 30,048,092 108,140,739 75,417,605 1,269,970 6,860,329 26.798,992 97,332,115 64,118,186 1,000,976 3,780,309 11,923,666 53,286,577 27,435,194 1,109,029 5,012,465 14,591,961 49,290,737 19,079,681 822,103 4,033,652 13,662,237 46,173,432 5,662,863 J5,000toS20,000 $20,000 to S10O,00O $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. ^ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 28.5 28.4 23.4 18.4 1.4 26.3 32.4 25.2 16.3 0.9 22.4 31.5 26.6 19.0 0.6 1.6 4.9 15.1 63.3 16.2 1.9 7.5 19.4 58.6 12.7 1.6 7.6 22.2 62.9 5.8 0.6 2.6 9.5 45.8 41.5 0.8 3.9 13.4 48.3 33.7 0.7 1.0 3.7 3.9 14.4 12.2 62.2 I, 64.7 29.0 28.2 1.2 5.6 16.4 66.3 21.4 1.2 S.g 19.7 66.1 8.2 15 ODO to $20,000 $20l)00 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over This table shows 436 establishments, or 19.7 per cent of the total number in the state in 1914, with products exceeding $100,000 in value. These estab- lishments reported 78.5 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for that year, 87.3 percent of the total value of products, and 82.9 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments — those having products less than $5,000 iri value — although representing 28.5 per cent of the total number of establishments, rdjported only six-tenths of 1 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts. For all establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase at each successive census, from 81.2 per cent in 1904 to 82 per cent in 1909 and to 87.3 per cent in 1914. For those with products valued at $1,000,000 or more the increases are much more pronounced — from 29 per cent in 1904 to 33.7 per cent in 1909 and to 41.5 per cent in 1914. It should be borne in mind, in considering these figures, that increases in the proportions shown for the group of large establishments woidd be likely to appear even though the rate of increase in production had been uniform for aU establishments. This is because a given group does not necessarily comprise the same estabhshments in, different years. For ex- ample, suppose the output of a certain plant in 1909 were valued at $90,000 and that the output of every plant in the state increased by 15 per cent during the five-year period, in this event the plant in question would pass into the group of establishments , with Digmzed by products valued at $100,000 to $1,000,000, with the result that the proportions of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for that group would show increases and those for the group next below would show decreases. At the same time the entrance of new establishments into the group of plants with products valued at less than $5,000 and the passing of other establishments from that group to the next, and so on, would distribute the decreases in pro- portions among these groups. Table 15 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 10 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 14 for aU industries combined. For the five-year period 1909-1914 increases in num- ber of establishments having products valued at less than $5,000 are shown for four industries, namely, can- ning and preserving, printing and publishing, and the bakery and sugar industries. For the same period increases in number of establishments having products valued at $100^000 and over appear for six industries; two — cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies and printing and pub- lishing — show no change; and two — copper, tin, and sheet-iron products an4 the sugar industry — show decreases. In all the industries except printing and pubhshing, and sugar manufacturing and refining, these large establishments show increases in number of wage earners; and in aU except the sugar industry J -they show, increases in value of products. Microsort® MANUFACTURES^LOUISIANA. 509 Table 15 INDUSTKY AND VALUE OF PKODUOT. Bkisad and othek bakery PK0DUCT3 Less than J5,000 $5,000 to S20,000 $20,000 to $100,000;... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Canning and pkesekvino.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $30,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 tQ $1,000,000. Caks and general shop con- struction AND REPAIRS BT STEAM-EAILROAD COMPANIES.. Less than $20,0001... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Clothing, men's, including SHIRTS Less than $20,000"... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Cooperage and wooden GOODS, not elsewhere SPEC- IFIED Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Foundry and machine-shop products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Lumber and timber products. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000, 000. $1,000,000 and over... Printing and publishing. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Sugar, including refining.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over '. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 284 151 38 8 28 17 57 IS 32 18 6 516 123 106 125 155 7 173 75 6 171 1909 77 167 38 7 26 19 66 17 30 31 5 702 139 216 197 144 6 160 70 32 209 7 106 90 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 30.6 53.2 13.4 2.8 100.0 25.0 21.4 35.7 17.7 100.0 34.6 30.8 34.6 100.0 47.1 17.6 35.3 100.0 21.7 17.4 39.1 21.7 100,0 36. 8 35.1 15.8 12.3 100.0 21.1 45.1 25.4 8.4 100.0 23.8 20.5 24.2 30.0 1.4 100.0 59.7 25.9 12.4 2.1 100.0 4.7 5.8 42.1 47.4 100.0 26.6 57.8 13.1 2.4 100.0 19.2 38.5 26.9 15.4 100.0 46.2 19.2 34.6 100.0 42.1 21.1 roo.o 31.7 36.6 24.4 7.3 100.0 34.8 39.4 13.6 12.1 100.0 20.5 36.1 37.3 6.0 100.0 19.8 30.8 28.1 20.5 0.9 lOO.ff 59.7 26.1 11.9 2.2 100.0 2.9 3.3 50.7 43.1 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1,440 455 329 563 991 44 SO -329 S68 2,697 833 745 10 25 131 579 32 84 180 653 1,360 30 241 409 680 44,419 284 1,157 4,629 31,634 6,715 1,405 255 264 531 355 14 62 958 3,764 1909 71 473 285 460 974 4 107 372 491 2,426 104 190 2,132 81 354 382 27 112 400 427 979 40 136 180 623 1,314 23 225 615 451 46, 072 568 2,398 6,665 29,321 7,122 1,544 318 583 410 5,093 7 30 1,039 4,017 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 6.5 31.6 22.8 39.1 100.0 4.4 5.0 33.2 57.3 100.0 4.3 11.9 83.8 5.8 10.4 100.0 1.3 3.4 17.6 77.7 100.0 3.4 8.9 19.0 100.0 2.2 17.7 30.1 50.0 100.0 0.6 2.6 10.4 71.2 15.1 100.0 18.1 18.8 37.8 25.3 lOO.O 0.3 1.3 20.0 78.4 100.0 5.5 36.7 22.1 35.7 100.0 0.4 11.0 50.4 4.3 7.8 87.9 9.9 43.3 46.8 100.0 2.8 11.6 41.4 44.2 100.0 4.1 13.9 18.4 63.6 100.0 1.8 17.1 46.8 34.3 100.0 1.2 5.2 14.5 63.6 15.5 100.0 15.1 20.6 37.8 26.6 100.0 0.1 0.6 20.4 78.9 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $4,978,175 272,536 1,537,595 1,403,653 1,764,391 1,365,267 24,687 57,657 463,952 818,971 3,042,318 1,359,269 1,661,026 13,781 30,075 355,089 1,262,081 2,985,757 52,679 186, 731 347.655 2,398,692 3,248,975 42, 137 401,587 881,443 1,923,808 66,656,268 1-24.5,062 1,172,630 6,153,604 47,841,803 11,243,169 4,316,948 389, 567 681,285 1,3.51,212 1,894,884 57,948,322 21,785 145, 727 4, 140, 240 53,640,570 1909 $4,619,618 229,643 1,713,835 1,244,291 1,431,849 977, 763 10,161 116,333 358,495 492,774 2,527,337 1,168,205 67,667 432,833 667, 705 1,594,830 41,457 158, 142 556,310 838,921 2,898,597 77,376 256,407 340,297 2,224,517 2,998,273 50,355 333,931 1,202,837 1,411,160 62,837,912 361, 513 2,356,467 9,1.36,029 42,751,346 8,232,657 3,823,473 375,953 618,858 1,248,208 1,680,454 63,775,200 13, 792 90. 182 6,165,339 57, 505, 887 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 5.5 30.9 28.2 35.4 100.0 1.8 4.2 34.0 60.0 100.0 3.2 12.7 84.0 100.0 3.8 10.8 85.4 100.0 0.8 1.8 21.4 76.0 100.0 1.8 6.3 11.6 80.3 100.0 1.3 12.4 27.1 59.2 100.0 0.4 1.8 9.2 71.8 16.9 100 9.0 15.8 31.3 43.9 100.0 (?) 0.3 7.1 92.6 100.0 5.0 37.1 26.9 31.0 100.0 1.0 11.9 36.7 -.50.4 I 100.0 4.3 6.8 88.9 100.0 34.9 52.6 100.0 2.7 11.7 76.7 100.0 1.7 11.1 40.1 47.1 100.0 0.6 3.8 14.5 68.0 13.1 100.0 9.8 16.2 32.6 41.3 100.0 m 0.1 9.7 90.2 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 12,185,272 117,127 690,495 549, 876 827, 774 702, 741 12,583 26,398 232, 683 431,077 1,965,449 59,495 244,725 1,661,229 495,438 32,438 77,029 385,971 582,547 9,435 13,990 153,077 406,045 1,363,755 31,360 91,442- 178, 250 1,062,703 1,893,561 38,933,588 178,695 769,615 3,746,848 27, 772, 784 6,475,744 3,255,162 310,821 645, 962 1,040,861 1,357,518 9,371,662 7,129 24,473 883,317 8,456,743 1909 $1,916,441 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 96,586 694,357 493,910 631,588 404,665 5,601 55,314 163,183 180,567 1,545,070 72,123 107, 799 1,365,148 508,336 40,056 205, 978 262,302 715,890 21,366 281,339 329,049 47, 765 161, 505 1,546,179 33,623 211,310 701,635 599,611 39,681,716 248,454 1,520,868 5,748,811 26,596,313 5,667,270 2,810,180 298, 123 492,432 868, 180 1,151,445 11,472,957 6,897 23,997 1,65/, 615 9,785,448 5.4 31.6 25.2 37.9 100.0 1.8 3.8 33.1 61.3 100.0 3.0 12.5 84.6 100.0 6.5 15.5 77.9 100.0 1.6 2.4 26.3 69.7 100.0 2.3 6.7 13.1 77.9 100.0 1.6 14.4 30.1 53.9 100.0 0.6 2.0 9.6 71.3 16.6 100.0 9.5 16.8 32.0 41.7 100.0 0.1 0.3 9.4 90.2 100.0 5.0 36.2 26.8 33.0 100.0 1.4 13.7 40.3 44.6 100.0 4.7 7.0 88.4 40.6 61.6 lOO.O 3.0 11.8 39.3 46.0 100.0 4.1 13.8 16.3 65.8 100.0 2.2 13.7 4,5.4 38.8 100.0 14.5 67.0 14.0 100.0 10.6 17.6 30.9 41.0 100.0 P) 0.2 14.4 85.3 1 Includes the group "less than $5,000." 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. s Includes the group "81,000,000 and over." Table 16 presents, for 1914-, for all industries com- bined in each of the six cities havrag more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 14 for the state as a whole. In the four cities for which statistics for establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over are given separately, these establishments reported, in the case of three of the cities, more than four-fifths, and in one city more than one-half of the total value of products. In New Orleans 55 per cent of the establishments reported products valued at less than .$20,000, their combined value of products, however, being only 4 per cent of the total. For Shreveport 5 per cent of the total value of products is shown for establishments having an output of less than $20,000. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 510 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Table 16 WAGE EARNERS. VAI.UE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. i ■si il WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. value added by manufacture. CITY AND VALTJE OF PKODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 42 359 100.0 $1,055,784 100.0 $457,414 100.0 28 6 9 10 3 733 609 100.0 $1,128,176 100.0 $593,977 100.0 15 14 13 42 29 61 269 358 8.1 17.0 74.9 100.0 42,108 123,660 890,016 1,122,086 4.0 11.7 84.3 100.0 30,510 74,721 362,183 457,993 6.7 16.3 77.0 100.0 3 43 262 311 17,348 0.5 7.1 41.4 61.1 100.0 13,092 102,634 435,032 677,418 69,-814,081 1.2 9.1 38.6 51.2 100.0 8,134 61,098 236,478 288.267 29,252,594 1.4 10.3 39.8 48.5 100.0 J5,000 to $20,000 $6,000 to $20,000 S20,000 and over i -. Baton Rouge $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 New Orleans Less than $5,000 14 16 12 44 30 78 260 1,101 8.4 21.8 69.8 100.0 41,085 178,839 902, 162 3,688,863 3.7 15.9 80.4 100.0 24,661 77,783 365,649 1,401,546 5.4 17.0 77.7 100.0 169 234 212 107 11 73 255 1,088 3,856 9,668 2,491 1,539 1.6 6.3 22.2 65.7, 14.4 100.0 434,202 2,473,702 9,492,817 33,166,216 24,247,144 6,250,231 0.6 3.5 13.6 47.5 34.7 100.0 284,982 1,447,388 4,978,055 15,230,976 7,311,193 2,453,314 1.0 $6,000 to $20,00» 4.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000..... $1,000,000 and over Shreveport ,. Less than $5,000 $20,000 and over > Lake Charles 17.0 62.1 25.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 16 12 7 9 26 52 136 888 2.4 4.7 12.3 80.7 49,038 131,961 296,661 3,211,213 1.3 3.6 8.0 87.1 21,595 79,726 ■ 196,402 1,103,823 1.5 5.7 14.0 78.8 9 28 18 18 9 107 268 1,155 0.6 7.0 17.4 75.0 26,404 286,043 772,241 5,165,543 0.4 4.6 12.4 82.6 14,717 167,758 401,802 1,869,037 0,6 6.8 16.4 76.2 $5,000 to $20,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ^ $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." Table 17 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 20 of the more important industries, and for each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 18 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 17, and, for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual in- dustries in the state as a whole. Tables 17 and, 18 show the extent to which estab- lishments .of various sizes, as measured by the aver- age number of wage earners, are engaged in the dif- 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ferent industries of the state. Considering the total for all industries, there were 144 estabUshments in operation during 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. These were small establishments in which the work was done by the proprietors or firm mem- bers. In some cases they employed a few wage earners for short periods, but the number was so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown. The majority of these small establishments were reported for the bakery and printing and publishing industries. Table 17 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No Estab- Ush- ments. 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. All industries. Bags, other than paper Bread and other bafiery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carming and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products FertiUzers Food preparations, not elsewhere specified . Foundry and machine-shop products Ice, manufactured Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products . Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing '. Rice, cleaning and polishing. . . Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Sugar, including refining Tuipentine and rosin All other industries Total for cities . Alexandria Baton Rouge.. Lake Charles. Monroe . 2,211 4 284 34 28 26 17 23 67 6 30 71 76 10 516 37 290 24 15 171 27 465 77,665 144 945 2,405 713 1,440 607 991 2,697 833 745 949 408 994 1,360 782 510 44,419 1,127 1,405 735 419 4,798 2,472 9,261 21, 314 1 203 11 11 3 30 IS 29 31 1 145 1 165 1 41 2 237 404 82 107 2 353 4 364 2 21 139 5 599 1,100 356 174 33 59 49 88 112 10 68 342 406 110 17 44 S 208 452 90 72 4 120 1,384 2,984 369 358 1,101 New Orleans., Sheevepoet DIgftized-.bi/' MWiroMfl® 22 24 24 7 294 33 55 68 65 14 799 9 12 7 11 206 19 110 120 83 117 2,322 232 250 7,840' 104 199 143 146 18fr 74 100' 192 79 194 289 177 2,302 310 33S 463' 92' 1,237 222 1,13? 3,221 120 94 103 90 2,549 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 511 Table 17— Continued. ESTABUSHMENTS E^IPLOYDTG — INDUSTRY AND CITY. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage eameis. 261 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estr.b- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners. All industries , : 134 9,859 130 21,257 53 17,209 15 10,122 2 2,83r 2 1 1 2 4 3 1 329 149 200 379 662 474 154 1 383 3 1 6 4 3 2 3 4 237 61 397 250 224 122 250 296 Cars and general shop consta^etlon and repairs by steam-railroad companies 3 828 1 703 1 1 266 315 -part-; ]i ware 1 3 4 102 555 540 1 256 3 202 J 3 54 6 2 1 2 9 4 24 59 219 4,082 390 142 87 149 625 292 1,834 4,394 1 82 1 1 1 1 6 7 8 27 112 13,901 215 114 103 157 810 1,176 1,125 3,905 37 12,120 11 7,488 2 2,837' ■ / 1 2 6 12 347 731 1,973 3,793 1 717 2 3 1,214 1,917 1 1 1 3 2 45 7 74 76 218 127 3,376 523 2 289 1 1 9 1 338 261 2,879 315 i 24 1 3,606 110 3 1,917 Table 18 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NT7MBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOTtNG SPECIErED NUMBER. BTDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER cent of total AVERAGE NUMBER OP' WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 3.1 3.7 6 to 20 7.9 11.8 21 to 50 10.1 14.3 51 to 100 12.7 10.5 101 to 250 27.4 22.8 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 13.0 6.9 Over 1,000 3.7 8.9 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 61 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000/ 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 ,1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 22.2 21.2 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 -1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.3 2.7 25.9 26.1 0.3 1.7 5.0 5.6 2.9 2.2 0.2 6.5 7.9 5.2 "i.'e 3.0 6.8 18.5 26.6 32.2 28.0 12.2 40.3 '29.'? 19.2 25.8 1.9 6.4 14.9 18.1 14.0 34.7 42.0 5.2 9.3 27.5 44.5 23.7 28.8 61.6 42.9 22.0 29.1 25.8 32.4 9.0 22.0 12.2 16.0 15.1 42.9 28.7 9.2 8.3 34.6 26.2 10.1 10.1 n.8 35.6 35.6 13.0 9.7 11.8 6.1 19.8 19.6 20.6 22.0 27.7 31.3 26.2 19.1 Lumber and timber products. . . Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Rice, cleaning and polishing Shipbuilding, wooden, includ- ing boat btiildlng. Sugar, including refining Turpentine and rosin 27.3 26.2 16.9 8.3 0.1 0.2 34.7 41.4 4.8 12.2 3.6 2.7 0.3 0.8 1.4 0.2 3.4 5.8 8.4 10.7 3.6 12.5 6.0 6.3 13.7 17.9 46.1 75.9 10.3 26.1 32.9 53.7 fi 4 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. ' Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving 5.-9 24.7 22.9 28.7 37.4 3.3 7.0 2.2 4.3 5.9 14.6 11.8 11.6 11.8 18.8 2.5 2.4 6.8 18.2 25.1 31.4 51.9 40.4 13.8 9.6 23.6 35.5 14.7 8.1 6.9 9.1 8.9 18.2 13.4 16.6 20.2 9.1 '44,'i 7.9 30.5 14.3 29.2 34.4 41.7 17.9 16.5 10.0 14.9 40.1 36.1 9.3 4.1 26.9 16.4 14.3 26.4 34.2 72.5 '38.'7 14.9 4.1 14.6- 8.1 8.0 14.0 15.2 37.5 16.9 9.9 47.6 48.8 12.1 7.9 18.3 38.2 46.1 24.5 20.5 56.9 30.4 20.7 51.8 25.0 53.6 65.8 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairg by steam-rail- road companies. aothing,men's,including shirts . 30.7 28.8 'se.'e 34.4 26.1 32.5 ;;:;; 7.2 20.0 29.6 17.8 21.3 24.1 17.8 14.9 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts. 33.2 27.2 13.1 7.6 9.0 Total for cities . 25.8 Food preparations, not else- where specified. 15.3 19.0 5.9 «.3 4.6 6.4 30.6 33.5 7.5 19.2 13.4 15.1 33.4 26.3 9.8 14.8 14.7 16.9 20.6 21.2 19.8 20.9 19.5 34.0 BATON Rouge 39.7 28.9 26.2 '26.'2 7.1 30.7 42.9 16.6 20.6 Foundry and machine-shop products. Monroe ■ii."6 Shbevepoet 1 1 The comparatively small establishments are the most numerous, but the great majority of the wage earners are employed in the large on(QjgjfJzed by Of the 2,211 establishments reported for aU manu- facturing industries in the state, 1,483, or 67.1 per an average of fewer than 20 wage- 512 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. earners each during the year, the total average num- ber employed by these estabhshments being only 8,541, or 11 per cent of the aggregate for all establish- ments. On the other hand, the groups of establish- ments having more than 100 wage earners, although representiag only 9 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state, gave employment to 66.3 per cent of the total wage earners. The percentage of the total wage earners reported by each of the groups of establishments employing more than 100 wage earners, with the exception of the group comprising those employing over 1,000, increased from 1909 to 1914; and the percentage employed in these four groups of establishments combiued increased from 59.8 to 66.3 during the five- year period. The only establishments employing more than 1,000 wage earners were in the lumber industry; and of the 200 establishments employing more than 100 wage earners, 132 were in this industry. Among the cities, the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Lake Charles and New Orleans — 56.9 and 47.8 per cent, respectively. Engines and power. — Table 19 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the num- ber and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating primary power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by the establishments reporting. 'Table 19 NTJMBEB OF ENGINES OK MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWEB Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total . 5,759 6,123 2,765 399,743 346,652 251,963 100.0 100.0 100 Owned 3,771 3,345 406 20 1,988 1,988 4,678 4,388 284 6 1,445 1,445 2,765 2,622 136 7 382,735 373,268 8,020 1,447 17,008 16,580 428 337,342 333,771 3,496 75 9,310 9,077 233 249,112 247,885 961 266 2,851 2,778 73 95.7 93.4 2.0 0.4 4.3 4.1 0.1 97.3 96.3 1.0 2.7 2.6 0.1 fitftam ftn^'nfts ftnd tnrhlTHwl 98 4 Water wheels, turbines, and motors .■ 1 Electric m I 1 other (') Electric power, total 3,645 1,988 1,557 "2,334 1,445 889 60,006 16,580 33,426 27,139 9,077 18,062 6,752 2,778 3,974 100.0 33.2 66.8 aoo.o 33.4 66.6 100 m 135 OftnArq.t,fiH hy fistahlistimflTit.^ rnportiTig 58 9 1 Figures for horsepower include, for 1909 and 1904, the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned powsr. ' Not reported. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 53,091 horsepower, or 15.3 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The use of rented electric power has increased greatly since 1904, when 2,778 horse- power of this character, representing 1.1 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount of such power had increased to 9,077 horse- power, or 2.6 ppr cent of the total, and in 1914 to 16,580 horsepower, or 4.1 per cent of the total. -The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments has kept pace with that in the use of rented electric power. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there were considerable increases in the power developed by water wheels, turbines, and motors, and internal-combustion engines, but the great bulk of the primary power is still generated by steam engines and turbines. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject ol power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 20 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole and for all industries combined in each city. Digitized by nroXISTBY AND raTT. All industries. Bags, other than paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials.. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies- Copper, tin, and sheet-irou products Fertilizers Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- ified -^ Foundry and machine-shop products. . Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and j Rice, cleaning and poliS Sugar, including refining. . All other industries 3,128 Totallor cities. Alexandria.... Baton Eouqe . , Lake Charles. MONBOE New Orleans. ii^^fj^m®r An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 13,749 203 560 2,753 3,767 604 2,487 85 6,929 6,687 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 606, 750 850 7,995 2,919 4,196 499 14,404 1,207 2,788 20,077 7,738 11,495 99,638 24,364 102,463 38, 367 473 9,071 188,612 69,594 224,554 3,842 10,121 18 200,142 740 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 25,621 664 70 71 131 73 2,511 19,628 106 2,330 24,944 220 131 52 25 24,616 Oil, including gasoline (barrels). 1,931,340 351 147 12,691 19,644 183 25,235 ' 1,000 89,904 48,973 8,366 9,003 86,631 392 13,459 1,059,874 654,696 154,380 7,329 59 18,946 66 126,196 1,784 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 1,748,117 66 20,785 20,639 457 161,504 11,814 18,373 84 62,175 433,200 278,697 3,100 25,221 204,110 21,316 486,048 1,088,222 317 450 19,086 1,068,369 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 513 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Data of this character ^pr six important manufacturing industries in Louisiana are here presented,' followed by statistics for power laundries. Sugar, including refining. — Statistics for the cane- sugar industry were presented separately for 1909. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabUshments, it was necessary to combine the data for cane sugar and sugar refining for 1914. These combined figures are presented in the following table : Table 21 Materials, total cost PKODUCTS, Total value Sugar: Quantity (tons) Value Molasses and sirup: Quantity (gallons) Value All other products, value 1914 $48,576,660 $57,948,322 700,504 $54,659,793 26,935,938 $2,911,105 377,424 The total cost of materials for the combined indus- tries was $48,576,660. The total value of products was $57,948,322. There is a certain imavoidable dupUcation in this item, due to the fact that the sugar which, in raw form, represents the product of the cane- sugar factories also represents, in refined form, the product of the refineries. The value of the raw sugar purchased by the refineries from the cane-sugar fac- tories would have to be deducted from the total given in order to obtain the net value of products of the two industries considered as one. This amount can not be shown, however, without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — Louisiana ranks third among the states in value of cottonseed products manufactured. In addition to the mills manufactur- ing crude products, there are in the state a number of refineries and establishments engaged in the rework- ing of cake and meal for export, most of which have been built since 1899. For this reason, and also be- cause of the increases in the prices of cottonseed products which have taken place ia recent years, the industry in Louisiana shows a great increase ia value of products (17,027,000 to $18,106,000) during the period from 1899 to 1914, despite the fact that there has been a heavy decrease in the quantity of seed crushed, amountuag to 36 per cent for the fifteen- year period 1899-1914 and to 49.7 per cent for the ten-year period 1904-1914. The following table gives the quantity of cotton seed used for oil extraction and the aiian;tities oi ,the several crude products obtained, fornmiS^el 1914, 1909, and 1904. 82101°— 18 33 Table 23 • QtrANTTTY. 1914 1909 1904 Cotton seed, crushed Crude products manufactured: Oif. Meal and cake Hulls , Linters tons.. .gallons.. tons.. tons.. .pounds.. 160,660 5,910,967 77,318 39,243 11,907,454 155,548 6,527,563 70,739 45,617 7,282,908 319,704 13,158,549 138,301 103,9.55 10,771,905 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the crushing season of 1913-14, that is, to the handling of seed from the crop of 1 9 1 3 . They cover the operations of all establishments which crushed cotton seed during the season, regardless of the extent to which they Were engaged in other industries. Furthermore, the crude products reported represent the total production derived from crushing cotton seed, whether sold as such or used as intermediate products in further processes of manufacture, such as the refining of oil and the mixing of fertilizer and feed. Of the 32 mills reported for 1914 as crushing cotton seed, 1 crushed less than 1,000 tons during the census year; 3 crushed 1,000, but less than 2,000 tons; 18 crushed 2,000, but less than 5,000; 5 crushed 5,000, but less than 10,000; and 5 crushed 10,000 or over. The quantities of the various products obtained in 1914 per ton of seed, as received at the mill, were as follows: Crude oU, 36.8 gallons; cake and meal, 963 pounds; hulls, 489 pounds; and linters, 74 pounds. The ratios which the weights of the several products bore to the total weight of the seed when received at the null were: Crude on, 13.8 per cent; cake and meal, 48.1 per cent; hulls, 24.4 per cent; and linters, 3.7 per cent. Rice, cleaning and polishing. — ^Rice has been cul- tivated in some of the low-lying sections of Louisiana for many years. In 1859 the state ranked fourth in this culture, producing 3.4 per cent of the total grown in the United States. In 1869 and 1879, with 21.5 per cent and 21 per cent, respectively, of the totals for the country, it ranked third, and, in 1889 and sub- sequent census years, first, its production in 1899 amounting to 69 per cent of the total for the United States. During the period from 1879 to 1899 Louis- iana's acreage in rice increased from 42,000 to 201,685 '^and its production from 515,296 bushels to 6,213,3^7 bushels (of 45 poimds). Since that time the produc- tion has increased to 10,839,973 bushels in 1909 and to an estimate of 11,760,000 bushels in 1913. The extension of- rice cultivation in Louisiana did not take place in any considerable degree until it was found expedient to use the level and somewhat ele- vated sections for this purpose. These sections are capable of irrigation, are easily drained, and are well adapted to rice growing; and the plowing, harrowing, owing, anji-teaping can^be done in the same manner T'aPle^otife^grain crops. While rice was formerly grown in the United States almost exclusively in the 514 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. low-lying coastal lands adjacent to rivers, from which they were flooded, now practically the entire quantity is grown in the inland sections of Louisiana, Texas, and Arkansas. The growing of rice in commercial quantities is con- fined to a few localities, because of climatic conditions, and the rice mills, as a rule, are located in the sections in which the crop is grown. As measiu-ed by value of products, the cleaning and polishing of rice ranked fourth among the industries of the state in 1914, beiag exceeded only by the lumber, sugar, and cottonseed- oil industries. However, as measured by average num- ber of wage earners, it ranked fifteenth. The following statement shows the quantity of rough rice treated and the quantity of products, by kinds, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 23 QUANTITY (POUHBS). 1914 1909 1904 607,616,370 391,728,722 17,984,219 60,325,729 540,002,260 351,302,414 17,558,068 55,215,995 635,010,885 Products: _ 394, 744, 386 Polish 22,526,750 74,531,334 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the milhng season of 1913-14 — that is, to the handling of rice from the crop of 1913. They cover the operations of all estabhshments engaged primarily in the milling of rice on a merchant basis, and include the quantities treated by all estabhshments which handled the grain on a custom basis, regardless of the extent to which they were engaged in other industries. The total quantity of rough rice — that is, rice as it left the thrasher — increased by 109.4 per cent between 1899 and 1914, and during the same period the increase in clean rice obtained was proportionally greater — 125.6 per cent. The rough rice treated dur- ing the later year comprised 286,083,675 pounds of the Honduras type, 319,032,315 pounds of the Japan type, and 2,500,380 pounds of other types. Changes in the varieties of rice grown and improvements in methods of treatment account, at least in part, for the increased proportion of clean rice obtained and also of whole rice as compared with broken rice. Printing and publishing. — ^Table 24 shows the number of pubhcations and their aggregate circulation per issue, classified according to period of issue, for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. The total number of pubhcations and total circula- tion showed scarcely any change between 1904 and 1909, but increased during the next "semidecade. Dur- ing each of the five-year periods the monthly pubhca- tions increased in both number and circulation, while the daihes decreased in number but increased in circu- lation. Between 1909 and 1914 the number of Sunday pubhcations decreased from 8 to 7, but their circula- tion increased by nearly one-sixth. the weeklies increased in number bu culation, and the semiweeklies decreased in both num- ber and circulation. Table 24 PERIOD OF ISSUB. Total. Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes . NUMBER OF PUBUCATIONS. 1914 217 19 7 15 157 24 25 1909 198 8 '7 141 16 3 1904 197 25 8 5 143 10 6 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 '541,803 139,686 178,168 3,700 148, 987 44,900 26,362 1909 511,689 136,226 152,920 18,879 176, 193 23,671 3,800 1904 511,636 134,828 159,183 18,885 172,949 16,216 9,575 1 Includes one triweekly. 2 Includes four semimonthly publications and one semiannual. "All other classes" include four semimonthly publi- cations and one semiannual. In 1914, 7 of the 19 daily papers, with an aggregate circulation of 70,287, were morning editions. The pubhcations printed in foreign languages com- prised one daily and one Sunday edition in French; four weeklies in English-and-French, two in French, and one each in German, Itahan, Spanish, Enghsh-and- German, and English-and-Spanish; three monthhes in Spanish; and one semimonthly in Enghsh-and-Spanish. Ice, manufactured. — ^The quantities and values of the products of this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, are given in the statement below. The equip- ment and amount of storage space are also shown for 1914: Table 35 1914 1909 1904 Number of establishments ■76 69 62 PRODUCTS. $1,962,071 $1,500,985 $1,099,728 Can ice: Tons ... 590,933 $1,879,672 449,362 $1,438,300 5,000 $12,292 $50,393 300,334 $1,047,703 Value Plate ice: Value $82,399 $62 023 123 3,521 769,935 362,400 Ice-making capacity per day of 24 hours (tons) Storage space for ice, cubic feet Storage space for general cold storage, cubic 1 Excludes three establishments manufacturing 7,747 tons otice, valued at $31,346, as a subsidiary product. With the exception of 5,000 tons of plate ice reported for 1909, practically the entire product for the three census years consisted of can ice, the quantity and value of which increased by 49.6 per cent and 37.3 per cent, respectively, from 1904 to 1909 and by 18.3 per cent and 30.7 per cent, respectively, during the follow- ing five-year period. Of the 76 estabhshments re- ported for 1914, 57 employed the compressor system, 18 the absorption system, and 1 both systems. These estabhshments used 165,085 pounds of anhydrous am- monia, valued at $46,140, and 282,273 pounds of aqua lined at $15,531, and operated 123 ma- ^a, combined capacity of 3,521 tons of ice MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 615 per day of 24 hours, or an average of 28.6 tons per machine per day. Turpentine and rosin. — The quantities and values of products of this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, are given below: Table 26 1914 1909 1904 Total value . $1,858,391 $1,173,848 $211,820 Spirits of turpentine: 2,252,118 $835,509 269,274 $1,006,279 16,603 1,231,254 $592,641 139,486 $573,306 7,901 245,300 $124,005 30,023 $87,715 100 Value Rosin: Barrels (280 pounds) . Value .V The quantity of spirits of turpentine manufactured increased by 82.9 per cent from 1909 to 1914, by 401.9 per cent from 1904 to 1909, and by 11.8 per cent from 1899 to 1904. The corresponding percentages of in- crease for rosin were 93, 364.6, and 25.9, respectively. The working unit in turpentine operations is the "crop," which consists of 10,500 boxes or cups. The extent to which the comparatively crude and wasteful box method has been displaced by the new cup. system is indicated by the figures, which show that in 1914 only 40 crops were worked in Louisiana by the box system, as against 903 by the cup system, whereas in 1909, 355 crops were worked by the box system and 278 by the cup system. In 1914 of the crops obtaiaed by the box system, 6 were from virgin trees, 8 from second-year trees, 12 from third-year trees, and 14 from trees of -elder work- ing; and of those obtained by the cup system, 301 were from virgiu trees, 339 from second-year trees, 199 from third-year trees, and 64 from trees of older working. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all industries. Table 27, however, summarizes these sta- tistics for Louisiana for 1914 and 1909. Table 27 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary liorsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 SI 28 1,369 24 102 1,343 1,197 102,216 651,675 114,323 437,252 250 27,366 231,637 190,148 1909 25 1,117 19 62 1,036 1,109 $795,657 446,378 82,433 363,945 287 15,289 132,328 852,021 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 22.6 20.0 7.9 38.6 23.6 38.7 20.1 -12.9 79.0 75.0 39.7 < A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Louisiana ranked thirty-first among the states in amount received for work ^PJlfiff^^^ff^Yr ninth in number of persons engageoinMihe inoustiy. The table shows increases in all the items given, except amount paid for contract work, that in amount received for work done being $1,190,148, or 39.7 per cent. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was only a small increase in number of estabhsh- ments, but the average number of wage earners increased by 20 per cent. Estabhshments owned by individuals reported 25.4 per cent of the amoimt received for work done; those owned by corporations, 61.2 per cent; and those under other forms of owner- ship, 13.4 per cent. Table 28 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the great- est number employed in any month of the same year., Table 28 January... February.. March April May June July August September October . . . November. December. WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 1,192 1,212 1,189 1,218 1,238 1,293 1,339 1,330 1,288 1,234 1,181 1,201 1909 1,010 1,029 1,030 1,005 1,026 1,042 1,070 1,047 1,055 1,035 1,022 1,058 Per cent of maximum. 1914 89.0 90.5 88.8 91.0 92.4 96.6 100.0 99.3 96.2 92.2 88.2 89.7 1909 94.4 96.2 96.3 93.9 95.9 97.4 100.0 97.9 98.6 96.7 95.5 98.9 Table 29 gives the kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 29 NIIMBER OF HORSEPOWER. POWER. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. . 52 37 1,197 1,109 7.9 27 26 1 25 27 26 1 10 1,076 1,071 5 121 1,061 1,049 12 48 1.4 Steam engines and turbines Internal-combustion engines Eented— Electric 2.1 Electric— Generated by establishments reporting. -. 109 87 370 431 —14.2 ' A minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 30 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 30 Tjnit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Atithracite coal . . Tons, 2,240 pounds 1,534. 5,940 810 58,574 Tons, 2,000 pounds . Barrels.. 7,251 788 49,068 Oil . . . 2 7 ijas .-..^-, 1,000 cubic feet Ticrosoft® 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrea-i^e. 516 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. GENERAL TABLES. Table 31 gives for 1914, 1909, and 1904 the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and, value of products for selected industries in the state as a whole and in the city having more than 50,000 inhabit- ants; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 32 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in the city having more than 50,000 inhabitants, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to' 50,000 inhabitants. Table 31.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND, CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of «stab- lish- meuts. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mar terlals. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in tliousands. INDUSTRY XnD CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 2,211 77, 665 399,743 346,662 «39,544 33,386 S167, 886 $255,313 223,949 Furniture 1914 17 347 583 $172 S320 $759 1909 2,516 76, 165 134,865 1909 17 359 570 167 274 620 1904 1914 2,091 56,869 251,963 25,316 117,035 186,380 Ice, manufactured 1904 1914 10 70 430 782 689 12,078 177 442 196 676 515 Bags, other than paper". . . 4 713 1,229 236 6,929 7,804 1,962 1909 6 474 189 158 5,072 5,362 1909 69 633 10, 556 367 499 1,501 1S04 6 370 131 117 3,644 4,076 1904 62 458 8,276 236 333 1,100 Boots and shoes 1914 7 261 166 120 367 534 Leather goods „ 1914 6 13 176 126 , 100 525 945 1909 13 278 190 113 303 517 1909 17 230 122 120 708 1,025 1904 10 370 169 137 378 620 1904 11 291 125 130 617 960 Bread and other bakery 1914 284 1,440 1,283 689 2,793 4,978 Liquors, distilled 1914 3 120 865 88 1,164 5,358 products. 1909 1904 289 236 1,289 742 946 672 669 374 2,703 , 1,673 4,620 2,686 1909 4 77 140 58 863 8,654 Liquors, malt 1914 10 610 2,746 460 1,434 1,037 4,301 Brick, tile, pottery, and 1914 34 607 2,416 180 122 418 1909 9 512 2,207 384 3,573 other clay products. 1909 1904 62 67 609 1,063 2,950 3,316 213 411 123 217 631 1,003 1904 9 318 1,560 244 597 2,287 Lumber and timberprod- 1914 '616 44,419 208,944 23,646 27,723 66,656 Canning and preserving . . 1914 ■28 991 710 177 663 1,366 ucts. 1909 702 46,072 150,286 20,033 23,156 62,838 1909 26 974 659 183 673 978 1904 471 27,877 84,186 12,827 10,385 38,371 1904 2 19 614 344 144 636 1,173 Marble and stone work. . 1914 22 186 317 208 261 686 Carriages and wagons 1914 31 333 849 178 238 509 1909 22 230 226 155 260 609 and materials. 1909 40 368 568 196 206 629 1904 7 102 86 62 94 211 1904 '40 293 220 169 151 436 — Mattresses and spring 1914 18 227 386 100 405 684 Cars and general shop 1914 26 2,697 2,365 1,736 1,077 3,042 beds. 1909 22 203 287 86 290 491 construction and re- 1909 26 2,426 1,799 1,323 982 2,527 1904 12 256 179 89 269 506 pairs by steam-railroad 1904 16 2,434 799 1,285 1,114 2,635 companies. Mineral and soda waters . 1914 75 256 676 126 377 824 Clothing, men's, includ- 1914 17 833 130 217 ,-864 1,359 1909 72 200 283 98 204 613 ing shirts. 1909 1904 19 32 817 1,256 136 156 173 260 660 1,276 1,168 2,053 1904 51 178 163 91 136 436 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1914 37 1,127 11,097 487 16,165 18, 106 Coffee and spice, roasting 1914 17 302 586 115 2,700 4,241 1909 43 894 12, 142 318 11,668 13,085 and grindmg. 1909 1904 17 8 236 145 616 100 65 2,261 1,262 3,005 1,653 1904 61 1,605 12,698 561 11,477 13,188 Patent medicines and 1914 »25 65 46 21 132 401 Confectionery 1914 10 240 248 74 359 767 compounds and drug- gists' preparations. 1909 21 111 68 29 134 363 1909 12 207 189 64 337 709 1904 16 156 70 43 197 472 1904 16 264 174 65 247 546 Printing and publishing. 1914 9290 1,405 1,619 985 1,062 4,317 Cooperage and wooden 1914 23 745 980 337 1,078 1,661 1909 268 1,544 1,494 1,061 1,013 3,823 goods, not elsewhere 1909 41 966 1,315 361 879 1,696- 1904 a 240 1,313 1,197 836 742 3,184 specified. 1904 2 67 831 920 321 1,183 1,808 Rice, cleaning and pol- 1914 24 735 7,742 368 11,694 12,967 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 <67 949 1,084 470 1,622 2,986 ishing. 1909 37 693 10,706 327 10,971 12,629 iron products. 1909 1904 66 8 30 979 291 1,173 122 603 186 1,730 375 2,899 796 1904 43 923 10,333 400 8,973 10,718 Shipbuilding, wooden. 1914 15 419 1,144 235 268 663 Fertilizers 1914 Q 408 1,948 1,178 171 1,932 1,324 2,818 1,767 including boat build- ing. 1909 25 374 1,301 432 236 154 573 1909 6 295 127 1904 18 211 123 94 323 1904 4 344 910 123 1,014 1,556 Sugar, including refinirfg. 1914 171 4,798 117,966 2,284 48,677 57,948 Flour-mill and gristmill 1914 7 31 313 14 624 687 1909 209 5,093 128,047 3,' 166 52,302 63,775 products. 1909 1904 11 3 82 4 896 140 33 2 840 53 943 66, 1904 251 5,816 112,165 59,508- 73,787 Turpentine and rosin 1914 27 2,472 79 688 424 1,858 Food preparations, not 1914 30 994 1,969 391 8,966 11,715 1909 23 1,688 105 420 159 1,174 elsewhere specified. 1909 29 351 1.066 130 4,477 5,340 1904 15 236 70 37 212 1904 11 132 433 65 1,469 1,740 Wood preserving 1914 5 203 885 108 1,200 1,580 Foundry and machine- 1914 5 71 1,360 2,634 949 1,355 3,249 1909 5 146 835 62 865 1,218 shop products. 1909 83 1,314 2,667 812 1,452 2,998 1904 2 72 1,669 2,548 967 1,272 3,261 All other industries 1914 1909 1904 215 216 187 6,614 5,452 4,878 13,536 10,951 8,860 2,972 ,1,889 1,601 13,800 6,486 7,417 27,165 12,117 14,002 and " pickles, preserves, and sauces." 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fish"; "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables"; "canning and preserving, oysters'' 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations, 8 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ^ Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware," ' Includes "automobile repairing " and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises," 'Includes"boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills"; and "window and door screens." s Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." — .... . . ... -. _ • Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "ei ting"; and "lithographing." MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Table 31.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 517 DIDUSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKT AMD CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earner^ (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. hewobleaits— All industries. Bags, other than paper. Bread and other bakery products. Canning and preserving . Carriages and vagons . . . Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing smrts. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Pood preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 733 g4S 690 4 6 6 104 125 113 19 11 2 11 16 20 16 17 19 32 15 20 38 327 43 15 21 22 10 17,348 17,186 17,468 713 474 370 970 344 182 197 214 272 174 1,157 973 1,507 833 817 1,256 400 457 818 847 240 156 77 37, 133 38, 145 1,229 912 814 95 238 217 677 671 130 136 404 410 1,011 1,068 576 455 $8,638 8,020 7,396 236 158 117 477 474 256 63 121 151 90 655 452 755 217 173 260 191 184 250 392 426 124 78 67 32 $40,561 48,732 58,828 6,929 6,072 3,644 1,925 1,930 1,159 281 202 150 141 90 306 361 746 660 1,276 567 535 856 1,378 1,574 291 387 405 146 $69,814 78,794 81,411 7,804 5,352 4,076 3,486 3,243 1,793 595 292 520 345 373 242 1,050 895 1,627 1,369 1,168 2,063 934 1,310 2,556 2,554 595 647 586 223 Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. Ice, manufactured . Leather goods . Lumber and timber products. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and pubUshlng. Rice, cleaning and pol- ishing. All other industries.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 <25 39 S30 17 15 9 20 20 16 69 12 «5 '35 64 30 8 18 20 9 9 127 122 «92 8 9 10 254 285 243 347 325 399 256 284 129 155 203 67 1,600 1,800 1,870 58 110 142 916 1,112 884 233 234 27j6 7,408 7,348 7,707 1,235 1,009 583 456 2,901 3,140 107 101 6,320 6,611 1,084 1,131 3,380 3,611 16,642 18,064 $516 468 172 146 165 177 174 103 26 791 906 831 675 824 588 143 137 114 3,538 3,121 2,977 $838 1,020 926 320 225 340 250 141 396 637 29 2,566 2,121 1,357 119 132 179 806 810 642 4,847 4,681 4,383 17,553 28,076 42,651 $1,795 1,896 2,197 759 528 499 812 661 451 713 823 ■87 4,149 3,867 3,205 360 412 3,218 3,014 2,34p 6,484 5,125 4,882 33,785 47,124 54,899 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 42 10 28 42 10 32 37 44 33 359 188 358 355 620 1,101 736 2,535 2,260 1,474 1,514 190 83 154 142 309 649 395 598 364 664 331 598 2,287 1,2G9 1,056 586 1,122 662 1,383 3,689 2,251 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 28 "19 73 61 63 609 406 1,639 1,114 1,162 2,069 1,431 4,958 S,042 377 216 952 671 661 534 450 3,707 2,089 1,284 1,128 936 6,250 3,643 2,838 Baton Rouge RTTHTi'.VFPnit'P Lake Chables 6,463 3,777 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fish," and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware." ' * Includes "stniotural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ^. 6 Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." « Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing "; " lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills "; and "window and door screens." ' Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making "; "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing "; and "lithographing." 10 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate Umits of tho city. -» Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 518 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Table 32.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS * INDUSTRY AND CITV. Num- ber oJ estab- lish- ments. TERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATtVB DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bags, other than paper Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Bookbmding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Bread and bakery products... . Biscuits and crackers All other.. , Brick Brooms, from broom corn Canning and preserving, fish... Carriage and wagon materials.. Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's and youths' Clothing, women's, suits, cloaks, skirts, etc. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cordials and flavoring sirups Druggists' preparations Fertilizers Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles, BreadstuJl preparations lard compounds, sirups, and other food products, including those for animals and fowls. Foundry and machine-shop products . Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Furniture Wood, including rattan and wil- low. Metal, and store and office fix- tures. Ice, manufactured Jewelry Liquors, distilled, alcohol (including pure, neutral, or cologne spirits). Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds . Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles and sauces Pottery, charcoal furnaces Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing without print- ing, and linotype work. 2,211 88,014 7 7 4 12 284 4 280 31 6 10 3 10 454 47 63 24 68 784 10 21 55 304 190 1,890 404 1,486 648 73 324 408 2,839 852 125 613 374 799 612 58 9 479 17 64 1,442 ' 145 1,29T 1,553 43 1,510 416 313 103 978 74 148 645 45,206 1,284 237 291 389 1,463 74 52 41 169 30 917 902 15 1,850 314 314 30 6 64 1 31 17 338 33 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rente iy 5,262 54 871 73 42 87 221 26 5 2 1 19 43 10 23 2 339 14 325 112 112 31 21 10 1,702 80 220 11 12 5 21 102 10 654 77,665 No 81,183 46 2 126 62 17 60 713 6 11 42 261 172 1,165 1,440 341 1,099 583 76 517 267 387 2,697 775 112 302 297 240 57 746 476 21 13 31 994 103 891 1,312 38 1,274 347 267 80 782 61 120 510 42,169 186 227 266 1,127 38 22 30 114 24 619 617 2 Fe< Au My Mh (.') Au Fe Jy De Fe 68 786 13 48 272 180 1,264 Oo 366 De 1,120 Jai Au Oc Se Ja' 706 86 848 76 281 390 Ja 2,830 Mh 826 136 340 Se Jy No Jy Oo< 12^ 274 78 884 528 29 S 917 13 Do 114 Fe 1,006 46 1,379 Mh Ja 92 Jy 1,045 (6) 61 De 157 Se 542 Jy 45,845 Jy 1,166 Oo Ja 1^ Mh Jy Ja< Se 195 239 315 32 171 24 My 627 2 Se 75,158 My*. Fe< re< Au (0 Oo Ap< No Au 51 13 44 657 6 9 39 240 166 No 1,005 Je 317 Ja 1,082 Ja 442 My Ja Ap 44 117 56 Ja 248 De « 382 De 2,481 No 709 De 60 Jy 272 Fe De« Au De Je« Au Ja< 219 38 601 406 16 5 162 13 21 Je« Je No 29 No 1,102 Be* 232 De 72 De Fe 551 61 83 De 486 De 33,896 De 939 Mh« 179 No 217 De My No 4 Ja» My De (=) 203 468 34 "27 68 24 Ja (=) 604 2 « 63 16 49 714 6 10 53 258 179 1,194 1,479 362 1,117 680 84 975 76 274 382 2,500 704 60 288 309 245 64 865 503 27 6 502 13 34 1,082 115 967 1,241 36 1,206 304 231 73 857 61 158 43,919 1,016 192 229 276 35 20 30 IS7 24 623 621 2 m 53 16 34 333 6 10 30 185 50 946 1,212 168 1,044 666 ' 69 384 74 273 2,483 66 9 159 133 81 52 844 496 22 501 12 723 627 1,234 35 1,199 297 226 71 61 157 482 43,768 1,015 192 194 236 1,837 513 511 2 m 10 323 68 116 226 176 61 9. 687 17 633 51 121 162 163 9 2 ..... 'siY 13 304 (=) 1 5 1 161 27 5 22 16 33 152 1 w 12 1261,635,022 33,289 22,241 80,211, 2,830,364 84,964 31,C74 434,100 96,737 1,473,578 1,728,267 323,263 1,405,004 950,550 68,823 327,941 412,278 190,263 2,185,583 724,937 157,856 1,656,846 798,588 650,440 148,148 1,435,035 852,536 40,219 3,285,310 11,763 190,123 6,233,050 263,227 4,969,823 4,212,474 109,380 4,1.3,094 600,239 453,373 144,866 4,359,054 44,028 1,735,564 6,760,733 113,470,103 2,127,371 438,709 520.6'.'2 575; '.«2 7,217,032 132,398 208,260 86,301 326,197 1,221,345 1,196,.345 25,000 yen for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. 519 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estah- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $5,4.39,234 $5,728,318 $39,544,460 $2,537,779 $578,119 $9,205,907 $153,300,754 $4,585,273 $255,312,648 $97,426,621 399,743 373,268 8,448 1,447 16,580 33,426 1,980 7,540 41,725 216 760 3,086 55,216 6,613 4,291 9,772 7,084 70,983 66,169 24,440 41,729 22,811 5,436 11,057 7,200 19,314 20,880 108,029 17,800 7,880 89,994 56,986 37,646 19,340 23,254 56,693 13,500 1,200 40,037 7,950 113,728 4,740' 108,986 149,973 3,300 146,673 48,587 37,735 10,852 128,956 8,950 42,100 127,360 2,072,767 109,926 12,820 31,500 42,930 201,848 18,645 12,898 6,460 22,205 2,017 132,297 131,397 900 5,297 11,523 5,220 23,182 86,005 59,532 26,473 7,482 6,280 6,358 900 6,560 4,140 74,906 40,345 2,900 318,051 27,882 26,088 1,794 12,895 37,383 22,919 60,872 2,860 8,026 329,589 15,316 314,273 149,508 890 148,616 51,092 39,032 12,060 67,635 600 17, 163 118,604 2,011,326 81,032 12,506 19,398 17,613 286,081 11,461 14,025 2,436 21,165 80,700 77,048 3,652 21,134 13,090 23,717 236,069 2,792 8,897 23,542 120, 105 51,656 402,472 689,480 136,533 553,947 170,622 33,510 83,524 29,671 148,125 275,971 1,736,276 197,003 28,904 114,576 108,793 73,949 34,844 336,792 258, 152 9,796 1,568 171,329 6,880 13,855 391,027 49,633 341,494 921,262 26,798 894,464 171,920 134, 173 37,747 442,236 48,715 87,581 459,908 22,657,653 582,511 207,903 100,493 125,706 487,153 12,890 6,744 18,918 38,542 9,394 405,986 403,566 2,400 356 4,997 1,644 1,644 1,906 1,200 250 72,373 40,861 10,462 22.778 1,839 400 1,197 14,857 14, 857 4,065 2,050,544 4,858 306 2,699 55,191 49,191 6,000 1,490 1,615 4,446 14,780 780 2,401 1,896 1,950 5,515 2,401 63,487 13,642 49,945 300 216 630 1,100 8,244 8,768 2,580 23,309 9,617 2,980 6,637 6,676 11,714 2,220 200 1,434 1,440 3,570 39,823 6,770 33,063 21,994 1,200 20,794 8,421 7,010 1,411 716 4,058 732 27,897 4,754 56,629 56,666 768 85 1,663 17.503 102 415 49 4,388 1,024 10,257 16,848 2,646 14,203 7,573 869 1,939 526 2,944 3,102 1,396 5,621 740 14,225 9,063 7,856' 1,207 23,474 9,006 3,925 66 19,258 60 1,381 26, 221 1,760 24,461 20,913 618 20,295 9,674 7,933 1,741 44,796 462 4,463,987 615,411 1,441,699 21,766 3,610 6,430 8,454 7,060 4,761 4,389 5,619 63,318 2,190 1,762 2,820 3,721 200 1,636 980 610 1,776 449 4,742 4,681 23,970 9,750 110,101 6,918,612 2,211 102,755 7,710 360,809 73,119 987,724 2,692,639 501,521 2,191,118 28,922 62,825 302,498 58,642 171,459 136,634 1,006,246 814,649 119,666 2,681,092 534,698 364,212 180,486 1,066,133 708, 187 131, 864 4,458 1,912,100 40,310 621,719 8,869,362 204,582 8,664,780 1,273,761 17,429 1,256,332 313,930 241,980 71,950 282,210 60,458 1,108,478 1,337,721 24,692,330 1,693,132 253,891 400,137 370,066 16,921,965 77,939 49,249 6,619 122,764 7,348 384,749 384,649 38 321 428 9,990 227 628 6,657 1,484 1,557 100,264 14,907 85,357 84,638 876 4,529 7,984 1,926 70,623 7,025 1,201 18,418 12, 485 4,909 7,676 11,546 5,833 27 19,410 117 2,446 86,663 8,482 78,201 67,976 1,901 66,074 6,168 2,347 3,811 393,896 1,382 55,719 424,341 16,868 7,419 5,204 6,793 243,396 206 205 1,466 2,872 18,759 18,556 1 Same number reported for one or more other months. Di^izecmy mrd^m^ 5 Same number reported throughout the 67, 118 34, 900 169, 832 7,804,022 7,663 138,890 56,756 633,632 177,831 1,739,869 4,978,175 1,027,097 3,961,078 396,272 139,586 667,497 81,802 427,421 443,864 3,042,318 1,281,482 209,294 4,240,650 1,133,040 766,722 368,318 1,669,426 1,264,937 292,839 10,496 2,818,456 61,452 687,387 11,714,543 363,201 11,361,342 3,169,823 70,180 3,099,443 769,098 687,604 171,494 1,962,071 152,368 6,357,511 4,300,506 62,077,611 2,828,868 688,019 683,878 823,875 18,106,257' 126, 189 60,834 298,874 21,646 1,476,831 1,463,731 33,110 24,829 69,303 875,520 5,442 35,908 47,418 166, 166 103,228 750,678 2, 185, 272 510,669 1,674,603 282,712 85,886 360,470 23,160 247,978 305,404 1,966,449 459,808 88,428 1,541,040 685,867 407,601 178,266 681,747 540,917 160,316 6,010 886,946 11,026 63, 222 2,758,518 150, 157 2,608,361 1,837,887 50,850 1,787,037 439,010 '343,277 95,733 1,286,965 90,528 4,193,314 2,866,686 37,060,940 1,118,870 424,709 278,337 446,817 1,940,906 185,855 76,736 42,749 173,248 13,412 1,073,123 1,060,626 ,022,497 year. 6 33 13 1,229 2 20 13 1,100 15 16 166 62 3,058 1,283 226 1,057 2,389 32 155 525 324 261 106 6 585 454 248 206 980 287 6 7 1,948 15 313 1,969 340 1,629 2,580 78 2,602 583 423 160 12,078 65 2,746 202,324 3,549 676 11,097 116 26 620 619 1 2,965 139 295 139 2,312 150 525 62 295 32 7 5 85 1,842 34 210 160 60 608 25 32 336 1,781 182 1,579 1,578 18 1,558 326 326 193 25 26 456 40 416 16 11,439 16 291 2,192 199, 126 2,853 166 1,786 182 35 37 8,554 474 1,511 10 15 16 166 52 73 226 623 35 26 1,413 187 261 105 146 363 230 6 7 1,613 15 120 182 132 50 549 20 529 242 144 348 65 564 514 117 386 144 1,032 14 25 24 23 26 592 691 1 220 16 10 883 513 ■"85' 665 16,236 10 1 1,164 • None reported for one or more other months. 520 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Table 32 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nrousTRT AND axv. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Ntunber, isth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— AfcL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 62 67 Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing, , Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rice, cleaning and polishing Saddlery and harness Sausage Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels and repair work Small boats, masts, and spars.... Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sugar, including refining Trunks and valises Turpentine and rosin Upholstering materials Window and door screens.. Wood preserving All other industries * 184 18 126 40 24 10 8 15 10 5 7 4 171 27 IS 3 5 127 1,299 672 530 97 961 201 40 454 353 101 78 239 37 5,833 44 2,630 200 8 237 6,745 170 9 138 23 6 11 8 16 5 2 5 155 3 16 18 2 12 173 337 285 19 176 40 5 1 10 10 1 562 1 59 6 20 423 78 641 313 735 140 27 419 331 88 58 219 31 4,798 36 2,472 169 5,988 De Au 324 339 Se 1,123 Ja 158 I.') ...27 Fe Ap My Au Je< 458 102 63 239 32 No 15,356 Ja 39 ■Ap 2,571 Jy 186 My 262 Mh Fe 302 322 No 142 114 27 No No Au Ap De< 193 73 52 195 30 Fe 1,944 Jy< 34 Go 2,401 No 138 No< 5 Oc 166 322 332 1,199 135 27 442 361 81 74 205 30 16,180 36 2,537 184 9 175 595 316 279 1,199 128 27 439 359 80 7 204 30 2,522 119 30 27 1 183 15 »1, 530, 730 897,164 678,743 54,823 917,744 31,800 610,809 653,509 67,300 41,380 669,809 66,061 47,134,988 48,835 2,280,190 222,736 2,475 1,445,009 29,129,604 *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Artificial limbs 1 Baking powders 1 Blackmg, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Boot and shoe findings 2 Boxes, cigar 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Brushes 1 Butter 2 Canning vegetables 2 Canning and preserving, oysters 4 Chemicals 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods 3 Cordage and twine 1 Cotton goods 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Electroplating 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, In- cluding plate printing 4 Flags and Danners 1 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas and electric fixture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 4 Glass 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Gold and silver, reducing andreflnlng, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow 1 Hand stamps 1 Hosiery and knit good 3 Iron and steel forrings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Lithographing 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE- ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 23 NEW OBLEANS—All indus- tries. Bags, other than paper Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Canning and preserving, fish Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad com- panies. Clothing, men's and youths' Clothing, women's, suits, cloaks, skirts, etc. Confectionery (ice cream) Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cordials and flavoring sirups Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere specified^ Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles Breadstun preparations, sirups, and other food products lor human consumption. Foundry and machine-shop products. 733 20,851 594 759 1,802 348 17,348 4 4 7 4 8 104 4 784 10 55 190 491 1,200 404 3 4 9 7 8 106 11 42 15 713 6 42 172 444 970 341 4 6 19 30 12 4 15 70 44 1 5 24 7 100 796 106 18 26 17 629 3 332 6 4 322 16 256 21 13 8 214 7 1,218 12 49 1,157 10 852 17 9 32 19 775 4 125 3 4 4 2 112 9 50 9 4 1 36 14 438 10 13 15 400 23 425 23 17 33 8 344 5 68 5 7 23 2 21 3 17 I 1 2 13 21 296 IS 10 24 4 240 14 126 15 4 13 1 93 7 170 3 6 11 3 147 19 756 12 30 62 7 655 Mh S> Fe De My 785 6 181 491 Oc 367 De 644 Ap * 565 Se 227 Ja 1,220 No- De Se 135 46 663 Jy 392 Oc« (') 103 251 Au (») Ap< Au No 657 39 165 Je 316 Je * 618 Je 25 Ja * 197 De 1,066 No De 708 60 De« 24 Au 295 Mh 310 Je* Jy 714 6 53 179 428 1,000 362 638 574 223 1,065 704 60 39 471 366 27 13 358 104 254 12,281 4,983 6 30 50 424 768 168 600 115 223 1,049 66 28 471 360 22 12 113 323 175 33 455 633 51 5 1 238 12 226 304 406 153,988.624 10 > Owned power only. 732 No 579 607 601 2 4 ' Includes rented power, other than electric. 48 2,830,364 6,486 ■ 31,374 96,737 900,899 1,187,461 323,263 864,193 158,678 281,341 1,066,102 724,937 167,856 86,034 935,295 634,695 40,219 ■11,763 861,229 253,007 108,222 2,274,772 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 521 =^ EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish, ments report- ing. OfSdals. aerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent ot tactory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration Income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines." Water wheels and mo- tors.! Eleo- trio (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES— Continued. $122,148 52,548 38,540 31,060 130,291 22,640 6,400 18,640 17,640 1,000 1,140 9,199 630,961 5,648 99,337 4,545 33,368 444,934 $405,768 340,242 24,467 41,059 226,631 57,134 5,566 3,966 1,600 4,664 10,320 260 324,245 1,004 50,568 2,725 22,120 495,077 $497,363 323,638 173,725 367,933 86,432 15,810 234,769 191,814 42,955 19,712 94,519 15,038 2,284,052 13,158 688,426 35,720 3,036 107,040 2,587,009 $121,113 9,595 10,552 100,966 $40,816 20,996 15,222 4,598 4,700 11,468 '880 1,716 636 1,080 2,343 75 1,360 53,637 2,010 1,035 1,417 '615 9,000 63,197 685 2,080 -350 22,900 42,026 5,078 48,129 $10,883 6,627 4,169 87 32,706 5,152 267 3,372 3,186 186 210 8,844 906 751 13,576 1,170 35 11,085 1,860,607 $663,197 443,774 98,444 20,979 11,642,321 479,676 78,434 263,113 225,876 37,237 41,473 34,147 13,222 46,816,691 42,958 418,852 201,406 6,022 1,172,802 12,720,651 $23,828 15,921 7,907 51,709 2,062 2,903 5,356 3,949 1,407 684 22,668 385 1,769,969 476 5,498 3,366 110 27,652 881,088 $2,619,921 1,820,686 526,098 274,241 12,966,690 871,493 136,477 663,263 568,666 94,607 77,787 189,177 44,452 57,948,322 73,890 1,858,391 290,849 9,930 1,679,823 26,596,394 $2,032,899 1,360,890 418,747 253,262 1,272,860 389, 766 57,140 394,794 338,831 65,963 35,630 132,472 30,846 9,371,662 30,456 1,434,041 86,078 3,198 379,669 12,994,655 887 679 308 7,742 99 166 1,144 848 26 1,057 21 117,966 27 79 678 13 886 12,282 6,830 12 60 940 685 265 1,067 117,462 62 597 866 7,227 177 9 168 40 174 143 31 7 482 1,804 702 670 132 872 87 96 30 20 10 25 "14' 32 27 10 13 30 ,251 27 131 6,486 174 6,842 62 66 Millinery, trimmed hats and hat irames 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 3 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Pamts 1 Paving materials 1 Feanms, grading, Toastmg, cleaning, andaheUing ' 1 Petroleum, refining 1 Plumbers' supphes, not elsewhere specified 1 Pumps, not including power pumps. 2 Befrigerators 2 Salt 2 Shipbuildmg, Iron and steel, new vessels 2 Signs, other than electric 1 Soap 4 Stamped ware 1 Stencils and brands -2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tmware, not elsewhere specified 3 Tobacco, smoking 1 Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes 27 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Umbrellas and canes 3 Vinegar 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework l Wood distillation, not includng tur- pentine and rosm 2 wood, turned and carved 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 1 { CITIES OP 60,000 INHABITANTS OB MOEE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES. $1,681,345 $2,119,300 41,726 4,291 7^084 47,814 61,345 24,440 36,905 7,720 12,834 48,917 17,800 6,240 13,046 31,587 13,500 13,679 3,360 10,319 83,878 56,216 5,620 16,632 83,109 69,532 23,577 2,150 5,960 40,380 40,345 2,900 840 9,351 29,960 22,919 2,860 24,157 14,596 9,561 $8,537,796 236,059 2,792 23,542 51,556 186,695 476,908 135,653 341,355 52,280 121,116 654,784 197,003 28,904 20,199 190,520 180,896 9,796 5,880 77,916 45,799 32,117 $280,876 356 2,617 364 364 40,861 11,117 22,398 200 400 $368,354 14,780 780 1,896 6,516 2,401 39,341 13,452 330 6,828 8,768 2,680 3,865 6,300 2,220 1,440 11,991 6,770 6,221 $5,379,494 ■17,503 102 49 1,024 7,058 12,641 2,645 9,998 913 1,685 1,323 5,621 740 876 19,599 7,944 3,925 60 2,725 1,806 1,119 $39,422,741 600,603 13,275 9,834 ■ Same number reported throughout the year. 6,918,612 2,21» 7,710 73, 119 786,469 1,857,061 501,621 1,355,540 230,474 144,218 286,066 814,640 119,666 105,646 550,435 466,439 131,864 40,310 378,027 174,586 203,441 793,031 $1,138,746 9,990 828 1,484 925 68,174 14,907 53,267 2,731 6,022 20,387 7,025 1,201 5,921 5,646 4,070 117 8,697 7,6 1,0 29,950 869,814,081 $29,252,594 7,804,022 7,663 65,756 177,831 1,180,836 3,485,918 1,027,097 2,468,821 510,248 344,808 1,049,860 1,281,482 209,294 225,992 892,549 826,446 292,839 51,462 647,013 321,249 325,764 875,620 5,442 47,418 103,228 393,442 1,560,883 510, 869 1,050,014 268,043 194,368 743,418 459,808 88,428 114.425 336,568 364,937 180,316 11,026 280,289 139,004 121,285 37, 133 1,229 16 62 1,530 912 226 686 40 238 577 106 6 126 404 214 5 15 376 282 94 22,230 1,465 54 54 35 10 542 390 194 150 44 129 113 5 76 1,200 1,760,390 927,409 1,214 695 42 < game number reported for one or more other months. 12,041 1,100 16 62 65 745 226 619 152 35 106 126 6 214 6 15 182 132 50 477 220 557 23 Digitized by Microsoft® 522 MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. Table 32 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INBUSTKY AND OTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. V/age earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW OKXEAHS— Continued. Furniture Wood, including rattan and willow. Metal, audstore and ofDce fixtures Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lumber, planin}»-miii products, not ■ includmg plan'mg mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone worlc Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds . Pickles and sauces Pottery, charcoal furnaces Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Pnnting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rice, cleaning and polishing Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Repair work New vessels and small boats Shirts Structural ironwork, not "made in steel works or rolling mills. Trunks and valises Upholstering materials All other industries * 3 4 180 416 313 103 316 74 7.54 254 155 110 62 34 30 734 684 549 44 302 162 116 104 12 78 37 44 SO 8,649 27 2 130 35 3 270 290 257 1 10 1 1 1 774 1 'i45 347 267 256 61 642 169 198 116 24 502 271 244 27 233 119 103 97 6 58 31 36 74 7,330 Mh 298 Ja 92 Je 304 m 61 Au 684 Oc ' 177 Ja Je No Mhs Fe = (') My 210 128 138 37 25 24 511 Des Au 253 31 Ja' 346 128 Au Ap3 My (<) Ja jys 140 g 64 31 Dc3 232 De 72 Ja 214 « 61 De 593 Mh 161 No» 190 De 3 107 Au No 3 De» (<) Ja Mh 235 Oc3 23 Je No 87 106 No Ja2 Au m 304 231 73 260 61 177 121 133 31 23 24 507 372 109 106 96 10 74 30 36 78 7,565 297 226 71 256 61 592 177 173 102 132 12 15 24 412 275 252 342 102 104 94 10 7 24 2,649 204 1600,239 455,373 144,866 1,611,484 44,928 929,474 374,612 475,957 242,585 423,855 117,730 38,634 29,622 958,927 758,564 660,126 49,017 49,421 2,713,851 704,194 450,101 432,401 17,700 41,380 66,061 48,835 103,872 31,467,477 * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Awnings, tents, and sails Baking powders Belting,leather Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Brass and bronze products 1 Brooms, from broom corn 4 Brushes 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies . ,„ 2 Chemicals 2 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing 16 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Confectionery and chewing gum 8 Cordage and twine 1 Cotton goods 2 Druggists' preparations 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes 2 Electroplating 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 3 Flags and banners : 1 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas and electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore Hand stamps Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel forglngs, not made in steel works or rolling mills Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 Alexandria . . . . 42 42 44 28 73 444 458 1,291 689 1,865 34 35 31 22 46 27 27 48 42 89 19 28 99 12 168 5 10 12 4 23 359 358 1,101 609 1,539 Oc. No. Ap. Oc. Mh. 404 433 1,243 639 1,905 Fe. 280 Je. 311 Au. 956 De. 562 No. 1,374 485 389 1,123 645 1,748 467 360 1,104 631 1,691 12 18 7 2 51 4 11 •12 12 6 2 '.'.'.'.v. $1,039,175 1,144,190 4,253,379 1,090,172 5,670,841 ? 1 Lake Ch-^rles 4 5 Shreveport 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— LOUISIANA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 523 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value aaded by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eont and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $48,587 37,735 10,852 . 46,608 8,950 69,470 10,120 27,520 17,620 18,725 16,545 3,660 2,017 111,760 66,588 33,448 2,980 30,160 52,139 17,240 6,600 5,600 $51,092 39,032 12,060 21,656 600 51,527 10,790 18,726 9,640 13,334 11,061 1,592 $171,920 134,173 37,747 177,087 48,715 348,851 196,048 89,581 72,221 31,943 12,283 6,345 -9,394 318,889 275,257 263,297 11,960 $8,421 7,010 1,411 $9,674 7,933 1,741 18,412 '462 13,912 4,107 4,075 3,185 5,527 1,624 1,182 449 3,612 5,847 5,316 461 70 17,263 3,797 2,763 2,750 13 210 906 751 790 5,187,334 $313,930 241,980 71,950 140,771 60,458 864,192 226,351 369,910 114,802 1,496,726 70,888 37,906 7,348 278,934 428,603 400,872 7,065 20,666 4,811,981 350,796 23,141 19,041 4,100 41,473 13,222 42,958 96,462 15,916,994 $6,158 2,347 3,811 199,602 1,382 7,627 6,477 3,891 2,334 14,440 195 406 886 14,266 12,860 12,375 485 $759,098 587,604 171,494 811,945 152,368 1,436,060 624,355 625,366 326,242 1,607,124 244,016 85,261 21,646 1,160,061 1,842,368 r, 651, 410 32,121 258,827 6,484,304 639,561 121,253 107,153 14,100 77,787 44,462 73,890 148,742 32,735,023 $439,010 343,277 95,733 471,672 90,528 564,231 391,527 251,565 209,106 95,958 172,933 46,939 13,412 866,871 1,400,895 1,138,163 24,571 238,161 637,009 287,017 96,115 88,305 9,810 36,630 30,845 30,466 49,826 16,166,282 583 423 160 2,901 55 1,977 297 342 409 1,020 14 23 26 507 467 444 23 325 325 '■2;843' 16 242 98 144 ■58 55 312 105 342 83 547 14 23 26 497 467 444 23 83' ''I ?') 16 ■"R $500 97 4,058 3,444 1,980 6,070 4,600 'S 1,312 783 1,630 165 35 27 29 30 11 ■■■■473' 326 32 11 305 2,699 1,920 1,206 200 46,447 22,487 17,090 955 4,442 4,700 9,368 360 240 120 2,343 1,360 2,010 1,200 119,280 34 W 66,219 347,844 303,768 3,781 40,295 63,684 45,604 1,200 1,200 63,772 96,146 10 37 38 19 734 94,412 40 41 142,862 68,646 45,045 39,930 5,115 19,712 15,038 13,158 20,892 3,436,660 35,314 1,748 1,997 1,807 190 684 385 476 2,464 651,747 3,380 80 406 367 39 25 21 27 370 17,144 2,520 860 80 30 6 ,11 11 320 320 56 47 9 44 1*1 30 25 14 27 46 47 1,140 4,664 260 1,004' 900 972,708 2,080 7 48 5,648 2,700 730,498 370 10,199 'iO 46,066 811 1,200 4,934 2,793 51 Liquors, distilled, alcohol (including pure, neutral, or cologne spirits) 2 Liquors, malt 9 Liquors, vinous 1 Lithographing 2 Lumber and timber produclB 3 Millinery, trimmed hats and hat frames 1 Mirrors, fi:amed and untramed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 3 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Paints 1 Paving materials 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 3 Photo-engraving 4 Plumbers' supplies 1 Refrigerators 2 Sausage 7 Shipbuilding, iron and steel, new ves- sels 1 Signs, other than electric 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soap 4 Stamped ware 1 Stencils and brands 2 Sugar, cane 1 Sugar, refining 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 3 Tobacco, smoking l Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes 23 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Umbrellas and canes 3 Vinegar i ■Window and door screens 2 ■Window shades and fixtures 1 ■Wood distillation, not including tur- penfme and rosin i ■Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $37,166 37,067 129,888 62,127 173,116 $18,920 29,568 102,863 13,658 179,274 $189,996 163,630 649,197 377,375 951,792 $4,216 6,256 140,086 $6,419 6,176 5,830 7,611 35,726 $8,140 10,758 57,149 5,403 47,010 $562,657 616,901 2,254,436 605,766 3,727,716 $36,813 47,192 32,881 28,433 69,201 $1,056,784 1,122,086 3,688,833 1,128,176 6,250,231 $457,414 467,993 1,401,646 593,977 2,453,314 2,536 1,474 6,463 2,039 4,958 2,386 1,243 6,081 1,935 2,580 48 60 31 99 880 101 181 361 65 1,498 361 168 8 88 1,325 1 2 3 4 6 88,164 s Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MAINE. By Frederic G. Swett. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Maine was admit- ted to the Union as a state in 1820. With a gross area of 33,040 square mUes, 29,895 of which represent land surface, it ranks thirty-eighth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 694,466, and in 1910, 742,371, and its estimated population in 1914 was 762,787. In total population Maine ranked thirty- fourth in 1910, and in density of population it ranked thirtieth, with 24.8 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 23.2. The m-ban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 381,443, or 51.4 per cent of the total for the state, as against 48.6 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 eight cities each hav- ing an estimated population of more than 10,000 — Auburn, Augusta, Bangor, Biddeford, Lewiston, Port- land, Sanford, and WaterviUe. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 24.3 per cent of the estimated total population of Maine, re- ported 34.7 per cent of the value of the state's manu- factured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 2,770, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 507. Water transportation is an important factor in the travel and commerce of Maine. The state has a number of ex- cellent harbors, that of Portland being one of the best on the north Atlantic coast, while the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers are navigable as far as Augusta and Bangor, respectively. The total value of farm crops produced in Maine in 1909 was $39,317,647, of which amount $10,224,714 was contributed by potatoes. In the quantity of production of this crop the state ranked fourth in the United States in that year. In 1908 Maine tanked seventh in value of fishery products and first in the catch of lobsters. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914, as in 1909, this state ranked twenty-seventh among the states in value of products and nineteenth in aver- age nimiber of wage earners, while it ranked twenty- sixth and twenty-fourth, respectively, in value added by manufacture. The output of manufactured prod- ucts in Maine in 1914 represented eight-tenths of 1 per cent of the total for the United States, as meas- ured by value; the corresponding proportion for 1909 was nine-tenths of 1 per cent and for 1904, 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Maine, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . . SalEoied employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MAiniFACTUKING INDUSTEIES. 1911 3,378 90,758 3,344 5,265 82, 149 487, 211 $233,844,434 50,522,961 7,269,258 43,253,703 2,345,876 2,723,681 117,654,909 200,450,118 82, 795, 209 1909 3,546 88,476 3,661 4,860 79,955 459, 599 $202,259,592 43,428,798 5,796,614 37,632,284 2,562,345 2,058,254 97,101,224 176,029,393 78,928,169 1904 3,145 82,109 3,379 3,772 74,958 343, 627 $143,707,750 36,680,556 3,988,797 32,691,759 1,970,885 3 1,282,705 80,042,090 144,020,197 63,978,107 1899 8 2,878 3,103 69,914 259, 232 $114,007,715 28,781,411 3,050,676 25, 730, 735 61,210,327 112,959,098 51,748,771 PEE CENT or INCEEASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 —4.7 2.6 —8,7 8.3 2.7 6.0 15.6 16.3 25.4 14.9 —8.4 32.3 21.2 13.9 4.9 12.8 7.8 8.3 28.8 6.7 33.7 40.7 18.4 45.3 15.1 30.0 21.3 22.2 23.4 9.3 21.6 7.2 32.6 26.1 27.4 30.8 27.1 30.8 27.5 23.6 'A minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Figures not available. s Exclusive of internal revenue. While aU of the items in the table, for whiohr figures are given show smaller percentages of increase for the period 1909-1914 than for 1904-1909, there was a substantial increase, for the later period, in every item, except number of estabhshments, . nropri,etors J c Digmzed by Mi and firm members, and amount paid for contract work. The decrease in number of establishments and proprietors and firm members is due primarily to the tendency for manufacturing to become con- ientrated.in large establishments and does not re- icrosoft® (525) 526 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. fleet a corresponding loss in number of wage earners or value of products. The amount paid for contract work depends upon the methods of operation and not upon the magnitude; therefore, the increase of 30 per cent in this item from 1904 to 1909 .and the decrease of 8.4 per cent from 1909 to 1914 is of no significance. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PEK CENl OP raCBEASE. 1 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average num- ber. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 189»- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 3,378 82,149 100.0 $200,450,118 100.0 $82,795,209 100.0 2.7 6.7 7.2 13.9 22.2 27.6 4.9 23.4 23.6 38 952 59 15 57 194 189 148 204 202 137 10 59 27 13 26 8 17 26 74 5 129 17 37 40 51 36 74 7 30 4 12 53 10 418 10,033 15,452 8,986 13,834 7,998 3,913 2,874 217 1,772 729 1,833 358 1,659 1,047 1,344 288 165 90 126, 476 369 343 220 467 215 114 2.59 242 315 113 214 288 102 111 5,593 12.2 18.8 10.9 16.8 9.7 4.8 3.5 0.3 2.2 0.9 2.2 0.4 2.0 1.3 1.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 6.8 40,179,744 27,593,121 23,330,101 22,121,711 17,531,470 10,742,738 6,798,830 4, 425, 824 3,716,855 2,626,106 2,528,845 2,419,005 2,208,464 2,173,125 2,075,637 1,601,826 1,683,481 1,426,448 1,370,472 1,022,445 923,032 861,288 768,854 740,683 715,486 628,644 577, 160 473,410 471,696 467,742 361,435 ■358,167 327, 826 275,660 16, 032, 788 20.0 13.8 11.6 11.0 8.7 5.4 2.9 2.2 1.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 8.0 14,721,777 14,448,786 8,296,340 9, 088, 742 6,708,354 3,338,824 3,155,967 466,644 2,506,462 1,069,198 1,941,709 358,429 1,241,173 972,621 1,069,621 710,752 387, 994 187,135 236, 730 463,761 366, 2,50 447,766 477, 167 426,066 243,602 144,005 248,735 283,607 242,251 266,208 250,356 190,653 144,353 148,709 7,646,892 17.8 17.5 10.0 11.0 8.1 4.0 3.8 0.6 3.0 1.3 2.3 0.4 1.5 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 .0.2 0.2 0.2 9.1 16.0 2.4 35.6 -5.5 -6.5 1.6 -0.4 -3.6 7.3 24.4 -23.0 -17.9 28.9 -2.0 12.0 -23.0 14.2 11.1 11.4 18.2 -2.2 10.4 -3.9 -3.8 -8.5 24.9 -6.0 -16.3 -11.5 -2.0 39.0 163.4 56.1 25.5 -8.0 -9.8 22.2 -46.3 34.1 28.6 9.8 -4.7 17.9 -12.3 70.9 -2,S. 6 61.1 ia4 6.6 50.4 0.9 -2.6 39.7 10.7 -1.8 8.1 17.5 -1.4 27.0 18.1 86.7 1.4 -5.2 165.2 9.6 43.2 21.4 -24.0 -11.9 40.1 90.0 0.6 -8.4 -14.5 1.9 -31.2 -38.1 9.7 17.8 32.8 -25.0 47.9 22.4 23.0 42.4 2.4 5.8 7.1 14.6 1.1 50.1 0.4 -23.8 14.0 25.3 72.1 231.8 804.5 5.8 73.6 39.5 1.4 5.3 31.1 17.8 35.1 25.1 26.5 23.6 26.4 2.0 92.4 -37.5 38.9 420.4 9.5 -4.9 49.0 -13.8 -2.5 30.2 9.1 -2.7 7.3 32.5 -6.4 -20.9 27.8 71.4 26.0 5.7 133; 7 7.9 36.6 13.8 -24.7 -21.4 41.5 49.1 -35.2 -32.1 12.3 -0.4 -30.2 -62.4 8.2 6.1 -5.3 -25.5 48.0 22.3 33.4 69.1 1.7 -15.3 0.2 -2.2 -5.3 31.9 -4.8 -13.9 -0.2 8.6 68.1 610.0 514.8 9.7 48.8 63.8 Boots and shoes, including cut stock 4.7 Ck)tton goods -17.9 Woolen and worsted coeds - - . . 23.8 8.5 Foundry and machine-shop products. Flour-mill and gristmill products Printing and publishing Bread and other hakery products Marble and stone work 57.2 -6.6 22.9 9.1 23.5 Leather , tanned , curried, and finished . Wood, turned and carved 3.3 87.1 Clothing, men's, including shirts Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- nanies -27.1 36.9 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . . FerfiUzers 74.6 Butter Slaughtering and meat packing Cooperage and -wooden goods, not 17.8 36.4 -29.8 -27.3 1.9 77.6 0.5 -5.0 -9.4 -4.0 -40.8 -21.5 12.6 2.9 -1.4 -20.7 2.8 116.0 -20.3 7.0 12.1 -12.0 3.3 9.5 -2.0 -8.2 26.1 128.4 "33.'4' -i5.'8' 36.1 -3.6 36.0 34.1 67.6 "is.'?" 46..9 3.5 1.0 23.6 -7.1 43.1 31.1 -4.1 3.1 23.8 29.2 8.2 28. S -2S.6 -2.4 130.1 "32.' 8' 65.8 -4.5 67.3 -5.8 44.0 57.9 92.4 is.'s' 21.4 -35.1 44.3 -15.0 2.3 7.0 -5.6 93.3 32.5 -31.2 10.1 42.0 30.9 -0.4 37.7 -10.1 -13.8 100.0 Carriages and wagons and materials . . Gas, illununatuig and heating Brick, tile, and other clay products. . . Confectionery 25.8 48.6 -9.6 39.6 Glucose and starch -18.8 49.1 Tobacco manufactures 44,1 82.8 Patent medicines and compounds, Boxes and cartons, paper 19.3 43.2 Furniture -48.4 -9.3 -29.0 -21.9 I 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 33; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. i Separate statistics are presented for 34 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $275,000 were reported for 1914. These in- dustries include 6 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 14 with products between $1,000,000 and $10,000,000, and 14 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. The 6 industries with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, each — paper and wood pulp, lumber and timber products, boots and shoes, cotton goods, woolen and worsted goods, and canning and preserving — reported in 1914 nearly two-fifths of the total number of estabHshments in the state and nearly three-fourths of the total average number of wage earn- ers and value of products. The lumber and timber industry reported more than one-fourth of the total number of estabhshments in the state, nearly one-fifth of the total average number of wage earners, and one- Digitizea by seventh of the total value of products. Paper and wood pulp alone reported one-fifth of the total value of products for the state, leading aU other industries in this respect. Among those included imder the head of "all other industries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual establish- ments, are a nmnber which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, as follows: Bags, paper; carriages and sleds, children's; dyeing and finishing textiles; flavoring extracts ; grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases; hats, fur-felt; iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills ; oil cloth and linoleum ; paper goods, not elsewhere specified; perfumery and cosmetics; pulp goods; shipbuilding, iron and wooden; and ^ool pulling. Microsoft© MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 527 The industries in the table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but this arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners, or value added by manufacture. Paper and wood pulp, Irnnber and timber products, boots and shoes, and cotton goods, the four leading industries in regard to wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufactm-e, show variations in this respect. Paper and wood pulp ranked first in value of products and value added by manufacture but third in number of wage earners. Lumber and timber products ranked second in value of products and value added by manu- facture but was first in number of wage earners. Boots and shoes was third in value of products but was fourth ia number of wage earners and value added by manu- facture. Cotton goods was fourth in value of products but second in number of wage earners and third in value added by manufacture. Woolen goods was fifth in value of products, average number of wage earners, and value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products there were a few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Paper and wood pulp and lumber and timber prod- ucts held the same relative rank, first and sec- ond, respectively, for the two censuses. Boots and shoes advanced to third place in 1914, having been fifth in 1909. Cotton goods was third in 1909 but fell to fourth place in 1914. Woolen goods held fourth place in 1909 but dropped to fifth in 1914. Canning and preserving, foundry and machine-shop products, flour-mill and gristmill products, and printing and publishing held the same relative places among the industries shown in this table at both censuses. Paper and wood pulp. — The manufacture of paper and wood pulp gave employment to an average of 10,033 wage earners in 1914, and the value of products amounted to $40,179,744. This industry contributed 20 per cent of the total value of manufactures of the state in 1914, in which year Maine reported 12.1 per cent of the total value of paper and wood pulp prod- ucts for the United States, the corresponding figures for 1909 being 12.7 per cent. Lumber and timber products. — This industry as shown in Table 2, includes not only logging operations, sawmiUs, and planing mills connected with sawmills, but also planing mills not connected with sawmills, the pulp wood industry, the manufacture of wooden packing boxes, and window and door screens and weather strips, for which there are separate classifi- cations. Considered as a single industry, lumber and timber products was first in importance in the state in 1914 in number of establishments. Its increase in average number of wage earners and value of products during the period 1909-1914 was compara- tively small, amounting to only 2.4 and 5.6 per cent, respectively. r>- ■-■ , , Digitized by Textiles. — Eight textile industries are represented in Maine, namely, the manufacture of cotton goods; woolen and worsted goods; hosiery and knit goods; silk goods; cordage and twine; shoddy; fur-felt hats; and the dyeing and finishing of textiles. The manufacture of cotton goods ranks fourth among the industries of the state and the manufacture of woolen and worsted goods fifth. The other six textile industries are comparatively of Httle importance in the state. From 1899 to 1904 the development of the cotton-goods industry of the state was practically sta- tionary, the value of its products increasing only 5.3 per cent; but between 1904 and 1909 the increase was 42.4 per cent. From 1909 to 1914 the increase was only nine-tenths of 1 per cent. In 1914 employment was given to 13,834 wage earners, and the value of products amounted to $22,121,711. In 1914 the woolen and worsted industry in Maine embraced the operations of 49 woolen mills and 8 worsted mills. There were two felt-goods mills in the state, but the statistics for them could not be shown without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. The industry, as a whole, had a greater growth during the period 1899-1904 than during the periods 1904-1909 and 1909-1914. In the last-named period the industry showed a shght decrease. Boots and shoes, including cut stocJc and findings. — The boot and shoe industry in Maine remained prac- tically stationary between 1899 and 1904, but from 1904 to 1909 the value of products increased 23 per cent, chiefly, however, the result of increased prices. From 1909 to 1914 the gain was 50.4 per cent, the industry showing great activity and increasing the output by 69.4 per cent dtiring that period. Canning and preserving. — This industry, which includes the canning and preserving of fruits, veg- etables, fish and oysters, and pickles, preserves, and sauces, ranked sixth among the industries of the state in average number of wage earners and in value of products both in 1909 and in 1914, in which latter year employment was given to 3,913 wage earners, and products, valued at $10,742,738, were reported. During the period 1904-1909 the increase in the value of products in this industry was 5.8 per cent, but in the period 1909-1914 the increase was 39.7 per cent. This increased gain was chiefly in canned vegetables (corn), and fish (sardines) and clams, both of which industries showed great activity. Shipbuilding, iron, steel, and wooden, including boat building. — ^Although this was an important industry of the state in 1914, proper comparison of the totab for shipbuilding is impracticable, since for that year it was necessary to tabulate separately the statistics for wooden shipbuilding, and the figures for iron and steel shipbuilding could not be shown without dis- 1 /dosine the^perations of individual establishments. 528 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. As these two branches of the industry were combined in 1909, the figures for the two years are not comparable. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners ia this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANTJFACTITRING INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All classes . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 19C9 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 19C9 1914 1909 90,768 88,476 71,040 68,647 19,718 19,829 78.3 77.6 21.7 22.4 5,440 5,649 5,308 5,497 132 152 97.6 97.3 2.4 2.7 Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried officers of corporatioas.. Superintendents and managers.. Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 3,344 3,661 725 643 1,371 1,345 3,169 2,872 82,149 79,955 3,246 3,532 705 632 1,357 1,333 2,110 1,730 63,622 61,420 98 129 20 11 14 12 1,059 1,142 18,527 18,535 97.1 96.5 97.2 98.3 99.0 99.1 66.6 60.2 77.4 76.8 2.9 3.5 2.8 1.7 1.0 0.9 33.4 39.8 22.6 23.2 81,333 78,568 816 1,387 63,178 60,612 444 808 18,155 17,956 372 579 77.7 77.1 54.4 58.3 22.3 22.9 45.6 41.7 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factxu-es was 90,758, of whom 82,149, or nine-tenths, were wage earners; 5,440 were proprietors and offi- cials; and 3,169 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 63,178, or over three-fourths, were males, and 18,155, or about one-fifth, were females. Cor- responding figures for individual industries will be found in Table 34. ' Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. There was an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and officials and wage earners under 16 years of age, the latter group showing a decrease of 41.2 per cent. The table shows very little variation in the relative impor- tance of the different classes during the five years, the greatest proportional increase being for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. The decrease in the number of children employed is insignificant when considered in relation to the proportion which this class forms of the total number of persons em- ployed, being nine-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and 1.6 per cent in 1909. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 89.6 per cent of the total num- ber of persons engaged in the manufacturing indus- tries in the state in 1914 and 88.8 per cent in 1909. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Troprietors and firm members Salmed officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of ago and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUBING INDUSTKIES. Per cent of increase,^ 1909-1914. Total. 2.6 -3.7 -8.7 12.8 1.9 10.3 2.7 3.5 -41.2 Male. 3.5 -3.4 -8.1 11.6 1.8 22.0 3.6 4.2 -45.0 Female. -13.2 -24.0 -7.3 -35.8 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 6.0 3.7 0.8 1.5 3.5 90.5 89.6 0.9 6.4 4.1 0.7 1.5 3.2 90.4 88.8 1.6 Male. 1914 1909 7.5 4.6 1.0 1.9 3.0 89.5 88.9 0.6 8.0 5.1 ■0.9 1.9 89.5 88.3 1.2 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1 5.4 94.0 92.1 1.9 I A minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 100.0 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 5.7 93.5 90.6 2.9 In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earher census (see " Explana- tion of terms"). Table 5 makes this comparison ac- cording to occupational status. Each of the classes shown in this table , with the excep- _ tion of proprietors and firm members, as well as the total foraU classes combiiied,showsincreasesforbothfive-year periods; but the increases, both absolute and relative, are much greater for the earher than f oi Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTtJKING INDCSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Percent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904r- 1909 Total 90,758 88,476 82,109 100.0 100 inn n 2.6 7.8 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried employees 3,344 5,265 82,149 3,661 4,860 79,955 3,379 3,772 74,958 3.7 5.8 90.5 4.1 5.5 90.4 4.1 4.8 91.3 -8.7 8.3 2.7 8.3 28 8 Wage earners (average) 6.7 l/7/Prn ^n/lf(R) ' ■*■ "™"^ ^'^ '~' denotes decrease. MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 529 The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years is given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For allindustries combuied, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over has been greater at each successive census, while the proportion of females in- creased sHghtly from 1904 to 1909, but decresed during thenextfive-yearperiod. The actual number of females 16 years of age and over has increased from census to census. The proportion of children under 16 employed as wage earners has decreased from census to census. Of the 14 industries for which separate figures are given ia this table, 6 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of males, and 8 an increase in the pro- portion of females, while in 5 there was an increase and in 6 a decrease in the proportion of children imder 16 years of age. There were 109 children employed ia 1914 in the 5 industries showing increases and 66 in 1909. Clothing, men's, iacludiag shirts, is the only industry in which the combined proportion of women and chil- dren employed as wage earners is greater than that of men. In this industry children imder 16 years of age formed four-tenths of 1 per cent of the total nimiber of wage earners in 1914, while in 1909 there were none so reported. The wage earners under 16 years of age are employed principally in the cotton and the woolen goods, canning and preserving, and printing and pub- lishing industries, which together employed over five- sixths of all the wage earners of this age period. Table 6 All industries Boots and shoes, including cut stoclc and findings. Biead and other balcery products Canning and preserving \ Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Cotton goods Flour-mill and gristmill products , Census year . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 -1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.i 82,149 79,955 74,958 729 586 3,913 -3,850 1,344 1,200 1,047 1,068 13,834 14,634 217 225 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 76.9 75.8 75.6 64.6 65.3 75.9 75.6 52.8 55.8 100.0 100.0 52.1 47.6 Fe- male. 22.1 22.5 22.4 34.7 33.0 22.8 21.2 45.5 42.8 78.9 77.2 44.8 46.6 1.8 0.4 Un- der 16 of 1.0 1.7 2.0 0.7 1.7 1.4 3.2 1.7 1.4 0.4 3.1 5.8 Foundry and machine-shop products Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.i 2,874 2,885 15,452 15,086 1,833 2,381 10,033 8,647 1,772 1,651 1,659 1,287 7,998 8,653 10,458 11,276 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 99.7 100.0 94.8 94.4 58.7 62.1 90.5 88.6 64.2 62.4 81.3 81.3 Fe- male. 1.5 1.4 0.2 0.4 0.2 5.2 5.4 39.4 37.3 11.2 33 7 35.4 18.3 17.7 Un- der 16 of 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 1.8 0.6 as 0.2 2.0 a2 0.3 1.0 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, ofthe average number for allindustries combined, see "Explanation of terms.' 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distsibution of wage earners employed in each of the eight cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, clas- sified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7. Of the cities ui this table for which comparative figures are given, only two. Auburn and Portland, show increases in total number of wage earners for each census period. Auburn, the center of the boot andshoe industry in the state, shows the greatest actual increase in total number employed for the decade, 2,159, and for the five-year period 1909-1914, 1,359; corresponding figures for Portland are 852 and 295, 82101-18— 34 Digitized by respectively. With the exception of Augusta, Bidde- ford, and WaterviUe, there is shght variation in the proportion of males and females reported at each cehsus. Every city, except Auburn, however, shows an increase in the proportion of male wage earners and a corresponding decrease in the proportion of females for the decade, and all but WaterviUe show a similar condition for the five-year period 1909-1914. Only one city, Portland, shows an increase in number of wage earners under 16 years of age during the later period, and hi that case there was an increase of only one. Lewiston, the most important city of the state in respect to number of wage earners employed, shows the nearest equal division of male and female wage earners 16 years of age and over in 1914, 54 per cent of the total for the males and 44.6 per cent for IVIicrosoft® 530 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. the females, while the most imequal division is shown in Bangor, 85.4 per cent of the wage earners employed in that city being males. The highest percentage of increase during the five-year period 1909-1914 in the total number of wage earners, 39.4, is shown for Auburn; the next highest, 13.8, for WaterviUe; and the third highest, 6, for Portland. Table 7 Census year. ^ AVERAGE NUMBER OF -WAGE EARNERS IN— Auburn. Augusta. Bangor. Biddeford. Lewiston. Portland. Sanford. Waterville. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,811 3,452 2,652 2,231 '2,275 1,860 1,200 1,327 1,496 5,054 5,076 4,764 6,222 6,788 6,167 5,197 4,902 4,345 3,430 2,062 1,812 2,011 Myears and over: Male 3,326 2,292 1,846 1,466 1,070 747 19 90 59 1,500 11,301 1,158 697 1939 644 34 135 58 1,025 1,113 1,260 175 211 234 3,360 3,335 2,750 1,542 1,568 1,825 152 173 189 3,357 3,435 3,033 2,773 3,102 2,978 • 92 2S1 156 4,108 3,649 3,248 1,057 1,222 1,055 32 31 42 2,093 1,298 958 1,129 608 1,231 609 749 106 65 3 2 245 13S Percent of total: 16 years of age and over — Male 69.1 66.4 69.6 30.5 31.0 28.2 0.4 2.6 2.2 67.2 57.2 62.3 31.2 41.3 34.6 1.5 1.5 3.1 « 85.4 83.9 84.2 14.6 IS. 9 15.6 66.5 65.7 57.7 30.5 30.9 38.3 3.0 3.4 4.0 54.0 50.6 49.2 44.6 45.7 48.3 1.5 3.7 2.5 79.0 74.4 74.8 20.3 24.9 24.3 0.6 0.6 1.0 61.0 62. » 62.9 • 66.1 Female 35.9 33.9 33.6 37.4 Under 16 years of age 3.1 3.2 0.2 0.1 13.5 6.& 1 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. number of wage earners appearing for September and the minimum for December. The years 1909 and 1904 show a very similar condition in respect to the maximum month, it being October in 1909 and Sep- tember in 1904. The minimum month, however, for 1909 was July and for 1904 was March. The greatest difference between the- maximum^ and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 11,632, or 14.1 per cent of the maximum, in 1904. ■Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF -WAGE EARNERS.' aiY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. years of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 81.4 39.4 30.2 19.9 -1.9 22.3 -19.8 -9.6 -11.3 6.1 -0.4 6.5 0.9 -8.3 10.1 19.6 6.0 12.8 2.5 13.8 -9.9 80.2 45.1 24.2 29.!) 15.3 12.3 -18.7 -7.9 -11.7 22.2 0.7 21.3 10.7 -2.3 13.3 26.5 12.6 12.3 15.0 35.5 -15.1 96.3 37.0 43.2 8.2 —25.8 45.8 -26.2 -17.1 -9.8 •-15. 5 -1.7 -14.1 -6.9 -10.6 4.2 0.2 -13.5 15.8 -6.8 14.6 -18.7 Biddeford —19.6 -12.1 -8.5 —41.0 Portland -63.3 60.9 Waterville 50 4 -73.1 84.2 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less tban 100, or where comparable iigures can not be given. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for aU industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909, and for 1904 the average number employed during each month, together with the per- centage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. For 1914 the fall months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum Table 9 January... February. . March April May June July August September October November, Becember. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number. ' 1914 82,527 82, 406 81,467 79, 169 83,812 80,810 78,888 79,811 88,053 87,519 83,540 77,796 1909 76,737 77,641 77,956 77,722 81,365 79,315 76, 489 78, 086 85,369 85,601 84,468 78,925 1904 71,823 71, 485 70,858 72,206 74,425 74, 634 72,535 74,294 82,490 82,378 79,615 72,753 Per cent of maximum. 1914 93.7 93.6 92.5 89.9 95.2 91.8 89.6 90.6 100.0 99.4 94.9 88.4 1909 89.7 90.7 91.2 90.9 95.2 92.8 89.5 91.3 99.8 100.0 98.8 92.3 1904 87.1 86.7 ,85.9 87.5 90.2 90.5 87.9 90.1 100. 99.9 96.5 88.2 'The figures tor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries,, and for the total industries of each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 531 Table 10 INDUSTEY AND OTY. Aver- age number em- ployed during year. All industries. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Bread and other bakery products '. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cotton goods Flour-mill and gristmill products , Foundry and machine-shop products Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and -wood pulp Frmting and publishing Wood, turned and carved . . Woolen and worsted goods. All other industries Total for cities 30,207 ACBCBN Augusta.... Bangok BlDD£K>BD . Lewiston.... poetland SANTOBD Wateeville. WAGE EAENEES: 1914. . . t. u ii [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of mmimum by tialic figures.] 82, 149 729 3,913 343 1,344 1,047 476 288 13,834 217 2,874 358 369 15,452 1,833 10,033 1,772 1,659 7,998 8,624 4,811 2,231 1,200 5,054 6,222 6,197 3,430 2,062 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 82,527 9,978 689 887 339 1,367 1,112 479 160 14,170 211 2,929 403 428 18,093 1,479 10,030 1,829 1,937 7,756 8,341 31, 148 5,269 2,44e 1,107 5,057 6,555 5,149 3,515 2,050 Feb- ruary. 82,408 9,875 572 1,365 1,125 536 ISl 14,364 211 2,882 425 378 17,492 1,442 9,946 1,842 2,014 8,097 31,255 5,316 2,433 1,149 5,119 6,577 5,104 3,513 2,044 March. 81,457 9,637 578 992 358 1,312 1,131 524 175 14,205 212 2,858 ■ 394 313 16,317 1,715 9,977 1,815 1,874 8,243 8,797 30,903 5,322 2,246 1,177 5,088 6,409 5,226 3,406 2,029 April. 79,169 9,369 729 1,505 366 1,306 1,088 518 242 14,146 • 207 2,785 401 331 13, 448 2,075 10,097 1,805 1,769 8,264 8,718 30,672 5,311 2,287 1,173 4,896 6,473 5,170 3,361 B,001 May. 83,812 748 3,293 370 1,325 1,106 505 • 300 14,062 »S 2,848 347 397 16,513 2,231 10, 129 1,780 1,582 8,106 8,902 30, 710 5,170 2,126 1,256 4,953 6,432 6,379 3,353 2,042 June. 80,810 800 3,475 361 i,m 1,070 406 365 13,767 2,969 334 412 14,618 2,191 10,166 1,773 1,583 7,992 8,768 29,658 4,295 2,173 1,253 4,884 5,347 3,371 2,075 July. August. 78,888 818 4,122 333 1,305 1,009 S88 384 13, 732 219 315 477 12,975 .2,075 10,342 1,68S 1,474 7,466 8,503 B9,4iS 4,m 2,154 1,218 5,020 6,131 5,319 S,259 2,066 Sep- tember 79,811 8,469 826 5,778 328 1,314 418 321 13,693 221 3,001 344 394 12,44$ 2,173 10,141 1,691 1,435 r,ss8 8,529 29,465 4,346 2,094 1,262 5,034 6,131 5,268 3,280 2,050 88,053 8,482 812 11,762 329 1,349 954 416 452 13,500 225 2,950 286 329 13,710 2,126 10,175 1,706 1,-417 8,002 9,071 29,719 4,448 2,114 1,258 5,134 6,029 5,268 3,442 2,036 Octo- ber. Novem- ber. 87,519 8,461 780 8,072 S27 1,386 1,062 457 513 13,549 2,854 351 399 16,591 1,964 10,046 1,740 1,587 8,218 8,946 1,247 5,290 6,022 5,189 3,509 83,540 8,808 756 4,932 334 1,405 841 612 235 13,548 229 2,717 332 340 17,411 1,364 9,802 1,765 1,612 8,062 8,535 29,870 4,732 2,269 1,208 5,154 S,U1 5,042 3,589 2,135 Decem- ber. 77,796 9,138 760 1,316 332 1,120 1,092 563 168 IS, ^2 230 364 2S0 15,813 1,161 9,B4S 1,803 1,624 8,432 7,810 29,675 4,885 2, 142, 1,09S 5,019 5,904 4,913 3,562 2,167 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 8.4 82.8 68.9 7.0 88.4 89.7 73.6 70.2 29.4 92.4 89.1 89.7 67.3 48.2 68.8 52.0 92.3 91.3 70.4 87.0 86.5 94.1 79.8 85. S 86.5 92. S 87.3 91.3 90.8 92.8 Of the selected industries, canning and preserving, an industry ranking sixth in the state, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in February being but 7 per cent of the num- ber in September. This industry, being a seasonal one, however, the fluctuation is natural. The least fluctua- tion is shown for cotton goods, for which industry the proportion which the minimum formed of the maxi- mum was 92.4. Of the eight cities, Auburn shows the greatest fluc- tuation, the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being 79.8. For no other city was the corresponding percentage less than 85. The greatest stability of employment is shown by Waterville, for which the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum was 92 .8 ; for three other cities, Biddeford, Portland, and Sanford, it was more than 90. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevaUing in the establishments in which they were employed. A simi- lar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all indus- tries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estab- lishment is classified as a total, ®^f%/4^Aii^^ fej^ employees worked a greater or less nuraroer^TloTM. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphasize the tend- ency toward a shortening of the working day for wage earners. In 1909, 6,679, or one-twelfth of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in establishments where the prevailLng hours of labor were more than 60 per week, whereas, 3,500, or about one-twenty-fifth, were so employed in 1914. Also the number of wage earners whose work- ing hours were 60 per week decreased from 41,696, or 52.1 per cent of the total for the state, in 1909, to 16,345, or 19.9 per cent of the total, in 1914; and during the five-year period there was a marked in- crease in the proportion in aU except one of the four groups working fewer than 60 hours per week. Among the large industries, cotton goods and woolen goods show the most pronounced decrease in hom^ of labor. In 1909, 92.4 per cent of the wage earners in the former industry were employed in establishments where the hours of labor were 60 per week, but in 1914, all of the wage earners were employed in es- tablishments where the hours of labor were between 54 and 60. In the woolen-goods industry the con-, ditions in regard to the ' decrease in the hours of labor in 1914 were about the same as for cotton [, for all industries combined and for separate industries, the greatest num- 532 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. ber of the wage earners were employed in establish- ments in which the prevailing hours of labor were between 54 and 60 per week. There were, however, some notable exceptions. In canning and preserving and lumber and timber products, a large majority of the wage earners were reported by establishments with prevailing hours 60 and over. Many wage earners in the paper and wood-pulp industry (283, or 2.8 per cent) were reported by estabhshments where the hours of labor were 72 per week. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 30,207, for the eight cities in 1914, 21,734, or 72 per cent, were in establishments where the pre- vailing hours were between 54 and 60 per week, while only 1,697, or 5.6 per cent, were in establishments in which the hours were 60 or more per week. The four cities. Auburn, Biddeford, Lewiston, and Sanford, in which are centered the boot and shoe and the textile industries of the state, reported 91.1 per cent of the total for all wage earners in those cities in establishments in which the prevailing hours were between 54 and 60 per week. A small propor- tion of wage earners is reported by cities in establish- ments where the hours of labor were 60 or over. Table 1 1 Census year. AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAENEES. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hotirs of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60and72. 72. Over 72. All industries.. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1014 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 ' I-, . , 82,149 79,955 5,556 4,409 3,799 4,378 13,268 7,483 39,681 15,310 16,345 41,696 3,132 5,032 292 1,163 76 484 Boots and shoes, inoluding out stock and findings 8,986 6,626 729 586 3,913 3,850 343 472 1,344 1,200 1,047 1,068 476 349 288 374 13,834 14,634 217 225 2,874 2,885 358 436 369 526 15,452 15,086 1,833 2,381 10,033 8,647 1,772 1,651 1,659 1,287 7,998 8,653 8,624 9,119 30,207 73 171 10 4 65 518 268 205 91 499 123 86 50 343 268 557 509 158 151 17 18 8,117 4,775 170 7 56 79 113 105 9 192 312 416 162 S4 134 86 13,834 1,118 15 36 1,325 1,647 308 233 252 1,411 258 374 3,142 3,617 125 313 103 44 25 73 141 134 77 218 26 1 52 38 150 10 4 3 Bread and other bakery products 32 31 1 4 7 1 2 30 n 17 8 889 670 104 64 5 nies. 26 49 6 10 9 60 52 1 Cotton goods ■- 13,616 144 130 342 447 49 185 314 174 8,663 8,784 69 148 12 841 31 38 515 773 458 8,050 1,735 2,426 1,581 - Flour-mill and gristmill products ... 9 38 11 9 45 17 1,093 774 1 17 2 2 6 2 2 98 8 TiPatlier tanned, (i"m>'1, ft"'! fl"iplipd. , 1 65 4 149 30 1,451 1,983 1,666 1,011 624 573 5 3 21 2,439 3,768 327 166 129 3 16 ■ 1,677 2,775 231 142 47 2,165 1,061 319 217 3,753 1,992 821 690 43 71 166 2 2,479 1,164 4,053 1,970 1,320 1 17 2,221 236 65 208 1,049 235 7,374 500 2,446 4,046 21,734 4 Paper and wood pulp 421 667 283 1,085 40 Wood, turned and carved 199 6 Woolen and worsted goods 1 5 24 5 All other industries 1,316 638 1,306 423 399 1,417 199 322 107 '21 Total for cities 100 4 Auburn 4,811 2,231 1,200 5,054 6,222 5,197 3,430 2,062 39 55 165 60 183 614 11 179 4 22 185 71 21 736 222 777 460 48 421 1,963 47 115 4,480 1,060 242 4,628 5,414 1,310 3,264 1,346 61 317 128 243 127 559 105 41 5 Augusta 10 20 Bangor Biddeford , liEWISTON Portland \. ["""['."[ 66 15 3 3 waterville -'-!""-'-!".!"!!]!!]!]]!!!!".'.!!!!"' 378' Diyilizea 'by Micro i)U//( y MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 533 Location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Maine were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants: Table 12 Number of places. . Population ' Number of establishments. Average number of wage earners. . Value of products Value added by manufacture Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 762,787 742,371 694,466 3,378 3,546 2,878 82,149 79,955 69,914 $200,450,118 176,029,393 112,959,098 82,795,209 78,928,169 51,748,771 CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OVER. • Total. Number or amount. 7 7 185,441 166,433 147,012 675 631 30,207 25,632 23,190 $69,486,825 51,466,847 36,896,611 28,996,315 23,393,234 17,567,395 Per cent of aggre- 24.3 22.4 21.2 23.5 19.0 21.9 36.8 32.1 33.2 34.7 29.2 32.7 35.0 29.6 33.9 10,000 to 25,000. Number or amount. 69,914 81,615 96,867 277 321 397 17,588 13,942 19,427 $40,605,511 29,041,106 29,562,861 16,114,545 12,251,413 13,837,036 Per cent of aggre- gate. 9.2 11.0 13.9 8.2 9.1 13.8 21.4 17.4 •27.8 20.3 16.5 26.2 19.5 15.5 26.7 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 3 2 1 115,627 84,818 60,145 516 354 234 12,619 11,690 3,763 $28,881,314 22,425,741 7,333,760 12,881,770 11,141,821 3,730,359 Per cent of gate. 16.1 11.4 7.2 15.3 10.0 8.1 15.4 14.6 5.4 14.4 12.7 6.5 16.6 14.1 7.2 DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF aTIES HAVING A POP- ULATION OF 10,000 OE OVEE. Number or amount. 577,346 575,938 547,454 2,585 2,871 2,247 51,942 54,323 46,724 $130,963,293 124,562,646 76,062,487 53,798,894 56,534,935 34,181,376 Per cent of aggre- gate. 75.7 77.6 78.8 76.5 81.0 78.1 63.2 67.9 66.3 70.8 67.3 65.0 70.4 66.1 > Census estimate of population for 1914. This table shows that for 1914 the eight cities, which represented 24.3 per cent of the total popula- tion of the state, reported 34.7 per cent of the value of products, 36.8 per cent of the total average num- ber of wage earners, 23.5 per cent of the total num- ber of establishments, and 35 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. Comparisons for the cities or for the districts out- side are affected by the increase or decrease in the population of cities. The population of Sanford in 1899 and 1909 and that of Waterville in 1899 was less than 10,000 and statistics for these cities therefore, were included with those for the outside districts, while Bath which had a population of 10,000 in 1899 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in 1909 and 1914 and was included with the outside districts at the later censuses. The relative importance in manufactures of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and b}'^ value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are hsted in the order of their im- portance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OF PBODUCTS. CITY. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Portland 5,197 4,811 6,222 6,054 3,430 2,231 2,062 1,200 4,902 3,452 6,788 6,076 4,346 2,652 6,167 4,764 $14,704,879 13,839,604 10,619,045 9,536,381 8,299,801 4,917,964 4,011,771 3,557,390 $11,950,367 8,842,629 10,476,374 9,011,606 $9,132,801 . 6,407,167 8,527 649 Biddetord... 6,948,722 Sanford Augusta 12,276 1,812 1,327 1,860 2,011 1,496 4,662,174 3,178,980 3,346,717 3,886,833 3,069,309 3,408,355 Waterville Bangor ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, becai revised their reports for that census . lUM f^Wi^^^^p^'fSp^? Every city for which comparative figures are given shows an increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914, and all, except Bangor, show increases from 1904 to 1909. The percentages of increase were greater from 1904 to 1909 for Portland, Lewiston, Biddeford, and Augusta, whUe Auburn, Bangor, and Waterville show considerably greater increases for the period 1909-1914. Portland's relative gain in value of products from 1909 to 1914 was the third largest in the state, and was only sUghtly less than that of Waterville. Portland, however, ranked first in the total value of manufactured products,^with Auburn in second- place. Lumber and timber products, foundry and machine- shop products, canning and preserving, printing and pubhshing, and the manufacture of boots and shoes were the leading industries in Portland in 1914. About one-fourteenth of the total value of manufactured products of the entire state is reported from this city alone; also 82.4 per cent of the women's clothing industry; 30.8 per cent of the foundry and machine- shop products; and 25.5 per cent of printing and publishing. General gains over the 1909 figures were reported from Aulium, due principally to the growth of its boot and shoe industry. About two-fifths of the entire production in value of the state in boots and shoes was reported from this city. Slaughtering and meat packing, the manufacture of butter, wooden packing boxes, lumber, and bakery products were among the important industries in this city in 1914. Lewiston and Biddeford together reported over 60 per cent of the total cotton goods products of the state. Lewiston also reported the manufacture of men's clothing and shirts, woolen goods, dyeing and |/^jJsfeiS80^(@les, and flour-mili and gristmill products. 534 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. as chief industries in tliat city. Biddeford's chief man- ufactures, ia addition to cotton, were foundry and ma- chine-shop products and liunber and timber products. The chief industry of Augusta in 1914 was printing and pubhshing, which formed 26 per cent of the total value of aU products of that city, and 34 per cent of the total value of products for that industry in the state. Other leading industries in Augusta in 1914 were cotton goods, boots and shoes, lumber and timber products, and paper and wood pulp. In WaterviUe the textile industry was the most important in 1914, with car repairs for steam radroads taking second place. Paper and wood pulp and the manufacture of shirts were also important industries in that city. Bangor reported 43 different industries in 1914, of which printing and pubhshing was the most im- portant on a basis of value of products. Wool pull- ing, flour-miU and gristmill products, slaughtering and meat packing, lumber and timber products, stoves and furnaces, tobacco (cigars), and trunks and . vahses followed in importance in the order named, * In Sanford the manufacture of woolen and worsted goods and boots and shoes greatly predominated. ' Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statis- tics concerning character of ownership, or legal or- ganization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, thci figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In "order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 Cen- sus, year. NUMBER OF AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDUSTEY AND CITY. ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. AUothers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,894 1,923 1,736 829 861 671 656 •762 738 82, 149 79,956 74,958 8,521 9,579 10,290 66,638 61,340 53, 138 6,990 9,ai6 11,530 10.4 12.0 13.7 81.1 76.7 70.9 8.5 11.3 15.4 $200,450,118 176,029,393 144,020,197 $19,292,277 18,904,839 19,168,440 $165,119,855 136, 156, 275 101,575,154 $16,037,986 20,968,279 23,276,603 9.6 10.7 13.3 82.4 77.3 70.5 8.0 11.9 16.2 Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Canning and preserving. . Cotton goods 8 8 66 91 104 64 583 619 1 2 3 10 395 43 39 70 88 15 16 53 45 133 147 32 38 60 48 280 8 8 58 66 32 26 236 299 5 5 4 5 •118 8,986 6,626 3,913 3,850 13,834 14,634 2,874 2,886 16,462 16,086 10,033 8,647 7,998 8,653 30,207 36 43 468 447 295 166 4,346 6,243 13 108 1,391 8,427 5,302 2,986 2,568 13,834 14,634 2,490 2,677 8,280 6,983 8,680 7,239 7,748 8,194 27,926 623 1,281 459 835 0.4 0.6 12.0 11.6 93.8 80.0 76.3 66.7 100.0 100.0 86.6 89.3 63.6 46.3 86.5 83.7 96.9 95.8 92.4 5.8 19.3 11.7 21.7 3.1 4.9 18.3 19.0 13.6 16.3 3.0 2.9 2.9 23,330,101 16,608,771 10,742,738 7,688,833 22,121,711 21,932,225 5,798,830 6,236,752 27,593,121 26,124,640 40,179,744 33,960,230 17,531,470 18,001,890 69,486,826 176,941 76,980 1,098,537 756,899 21,335,028 12,643,476 8,505,480 6,370,626 22,121,711 21,932,225 5,033,291 4,660,573 17,495,429 14,118,407 35,734,335 29,110,796 16,994,767 17,380,291 62,051,774 1,818,132 2,788,315 1,138,721 1,562,308 0.8 0.5 10.2 9.8 91.4 81.5 79.2 69.8 100.0 100.0 86.8 87.1 63.4 640 88.9 85.7 96.9 96.5 89.3 7.8 18.0 10.6 20.3 Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Paper and wood pulp 89 142 2,826 2,860 LI, 353 11,408 237 251 890 10.3 5.8 28.1 34.8 0.2 1.3 4.6 539,532 400,738 6,389,886 7,068,199 226,007 275,441 3,707,807 4,938,034 14,445,409 14,839,434 611,628 448,497 2,733,832 9.3 7.7 23.2 27.1 0.1 1.0 6.8 3.9 6.3 13.4 18.9 11.1 14.3 Woolen and worsted goods Total for cities 25,076 173,102 4,701,219 2.9 2.5 3.9 44 15 62 40 58 127 25 24 30 17 41 10 24 132 9 17 10 7 19 16 16 37 10 4 4,811 2,231 1,200 5,054 6,222 5,197 3,430 2,062 132 48 246 129 221 416 121 80 4,450 2,156 872 4,884 5,733 4,681 3,275 1,975 229 27 83 41 268 201 34 7 2.7 2.2 20.4 2.6 3.6 8.0 3.6 3.9 92.6 96.6 72.7 96.6 92.1 88.1 95.6 96.8 4.8 1.2 6.9 0.8 4.3 3.9 1.0 0.3 13,839,604 4,917,954 3,557,390 9,536,381 10,619,046 14, 704, 879 8,299,801 4,011,771 1,008,421 95,598 774,648 261,931 496,186 1,600,201 266,415 297,819 11,783,206 4,728,225 2,620,980 9,163,940 9,577,611 12,623,292 7,957,506 3,697,114 1,047,977 94, 131 261, 762 110,610 545,348 681,386 -76,880 16,838 7.3 1.9 21.8 2.7 4.7 10.2 3.2 7.4 85.1 96.1 70.9 96.1 90.2 85.8 95.9 92.2 7.6 1.9 Bangor 7.4 1 2 Lewiston 5.1 4.0 Santord 0.9 0.4 1 Includes the group " individuals. ' This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase during the decade 1904-1914 in the number of establishments throughout the state under the two forms of ownership — ^individual and corporation. The greatest proportion of the establishments, almost three-fifths, is shown for those imder individual own- ership, but in value of products and average number of wage earners, those owned by corporations greatly predominate. In 1914, although only 24.5 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 82.4 per cent of the total value of products; of the total average mmiber of wage earners. In 1909 and in 1904 the corresponding proportions are only slightly less. The proportions of average number of wage earners and of value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. For both 1914 and 1909, the largest proportion of the total value of products, for each of the seven indus- tries for which separate statistics are given, is shown for establishments under corporate ownership. This condition prevailed also in 1914, as regards aU indus- in each of the eight cities. -Here, how- MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 535 ever, a greater proportion of the establishments than in the state as a whole — ^a Kttle more than one-third for all cities taken as a group — are under corporate ownership. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Vable 15 VALUE OP PRODUCT. NTIMBEB OF ESTABUSHMENT3. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1900 1904 All classes 3,378 1,371 1,119 569 286 33 3,546 3,145 82,149 79,955 74,958 $200,450,118 $176,029,393 $144,020,197 $82,795,209 $78,928,169 $63,978,107 lipss than S5.000 1,451 .1,194 610 266 25 1,213 1,091 565 259 17 1,843 6,011 12,443 31,886 29,966 2,178 6,919 13,308 32,998 24,552 1,718 6,259 14,039 36,077 16,865 3,268,727 11,382,433 24,833,858 81,559,879 79,405,221 3,286,165 12,260,959 26,688,857 76,542,507, 67,250,905 2,899,282 10,886,567 25,150,503 72,268,023 32,815,822 2,072,857 6,027,037 11,454,947 31,997,530 31,242,838 2,098,923 6,526,395 12,849,097 32,216,172 25,237,582 1,810,7W 5,810,455 120 000 to SIOO.OOO... 12,661,163 »10O,0flO to 11,000,000 81,000,000 and over 30,449,802 13,255,980 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 40.6 33.1 16.8 8.5 1.0 40.9 33.7 17.2 7.5 0.7 38.6 34.7 18.0 8.2 0.5 2.2 7.3 15.1 38.8 36.5 2.7 8.7 16.6 41.3 30.7 2.3 8.4 18.7 48.1 22.5 1.6 , 5.7 12.4 40.7 39.6 1.9 7.0 15.2 43.5 32.6 2.0 7.6 17.5 60.2 22.8 2.5 7.3 13.8 38.6 37.7 2.7 8.3 16.3 40.8 32.0 2.8 *5 000 to J20.000 9.1 S20 000 to SIOO.OOO - . 19.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 47.6 20.7 In 1914, 319 estabhshments, or 9.5 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 291, or 8.2 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 276, or 8.7 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments re- ported 75.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 80.3 per cent of the value of products, and 76.3 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the smaU estab- lishments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 40.6 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 1.6 per cent of the total value of products, 2.5 per cent of the value added by manufacture, and 2.2 per cent of the average number of wage earners. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for seven of the more important industries, a classification of estab- lishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for aU industries combined. For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows that for only one of the industries — ^foundry and machine-shop products — there was an increase in the number of estabhshments having products under $5,000 in value; and for three there were decreases, one industry remaining the same in both years. The establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, show increases in value of products for all industries, with the exception of woolen and worsted goods. Boots and shoes, canning and preserving, lumber and timber products, and paper and wood pulp, show increases in the number of wage earn- ers; and boots and shoes, canning and preserving, foundry and machine-shop products, and paper and wood pulp, increases in value added by manufacture. Furthermore, for all industries, with the exception of foundry and machine-shop products and woolen and worsted goods, the larger estabhshments reported greater proportions of the average number of wage earners for 1914 than for 1909; with the exception of woolen and worsted goods, a greater proportion of value of products; and for all industries, of value added by manufacture. Table 16 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUBE. VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1999 Boots and shoes, includ- ing CUT STOCK AND FIND- INGS 69 55 100.0 100.0 8,986 6,626 100.0 100.0 $23,330,101 $15,508,771 100.0 100.0 88,296,340 $5; 568, 266 100.0 — .. /_ 100.0 Less than $5,000 6 13 14 20 7 194 5 9 14 2 27 245 8.5 22.0 23.7 33.9 11.9 100.0 9.1 16.4 25.5 49.1 100.0 2 93 364 2,926 5,602 3,913 18 35 398 6,175 3,850 1.0 4.1 32.6 62.3 100.0 0.3 0.5 6.0 93.2 100.0 10,231 143,201 783, 304 7,842,663 14,550,702 10,742,738 .11,290 84,174 650,362 14,762,946 « 0,6 3.4 33.6 62.4 100. o' 0.1 0.5 4.2 95.2 100.0 5,433 66,395 291, 732 2,788,397 6,144,383 3,338,824 8,548 38,381 260,566 5,260,771 0.1' 0.8 3.5 33.6 62.0 100.0 0.2 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 0.7 4.7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 94.5 Canning and preserving. 7, 688, 833 2, 563, 915 loao Less than $5,000 33 69 60 32 71 96 62 16 17.0 35.6 30.9 16.5 29.0 1 39.2 25.3 6.5 79 453 978 2,403 174 730 1,135 1,811 2.0 11.6 25.0 61.4 4.5 19.0 29.5 47.0 74, 161 820, 126 2,381,857 7, 466, 694 143,360 1,063,936 2, 415, 024 4,066,523 0.7 7.6 22.2 69.5 1.9 13.8 31.4 52.9 29,063 280,528 771, 890 2,257,343 71,149 433, 787 865,279 1,193,700 0.9 8.4 23.1 67.6 2.8 16.9 S20 000 to SlOO 000 33.7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 4fi.6 1 Less than one-tenth otij?,000 31 20 8 6 30 95 89 4,840 0.6 1 9 1.8 95.8 67,666 174, 439 211,862 9,082,414 0.7 1.8 2.2 95.2 41,929 89,471 110,194 3,683,608 1.1 2.3 2.8 93.8 19 12 8 6 21 72 155 1,814 1.0 3.5 7.5 88.0 47,744 151,409 427,815 3,384,803 1.2 3.8 10.7 84.4 30,384 88,727 226,088 1,606,117 1.6 $5,000 to $20.000 $5,000 to $20,000 4,8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 12.2 81.3 In the cities a condition prevails similar to that found throughout the state, namely, a preponderance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for manufactures having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest three percentages of total value of products reported by estabhshments in this class, 95.2, 94.4, and 92.3, are shown for Biddeford, Sanford, and Auburn, respectively; and the lowest, 45.1, is Table 18 shows the size of establishment in 1914 as measured by number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 19 of the most im- portant industries, and for each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909, similar per- centages for all industries combined and for indi- yi ^^jra^iaatffl^fi^jfries in the state as a whole. MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 537 Table 18 . TOTAL. E3TABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDUSTEY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Es- tab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). k -a 1^ j2 a |l "II H "1^ n II 1^ ja ■Ms 3,378 82,149 318 1,902 4,147 613 6,640 246 8,056 142 10,178 109 17,048 18 5,959 22 16,582 8 13 539 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 59 202 194 129 13 27 74 26 15 148 189 10 5 952 137 38 204 59 57 840 793 8,986 729 3,913 343 1,344 1,047 476 288 13,834 217 2,874 358 369 15,452 1,833 10,033 1,772 1,659 7,998 8,624 30,207 3 22 6 14 9 155 73 106 18 334 198 193 12 22 66 8 8 6 6 4 122 190 726 78 112 66 52 52 8 1 30 290 47 1,088 8 2 12 1 1 3 3 2 2 619 158 839 72 52 207 193 152 111 10 1,758 3 965 5 4,212 1 1 002 Bread and ofiier bakery products 7 1,063 Carriages and" wagons ^d materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies.. 1 1 131 133 3 1 1,049 300 Clothing, men's, including shirts 2 12 2 6 48 17 13 72 43 8 5 1 328 159 41 Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified Copper, tm, and sheet-iron products.... Cotton goods 2 376 1 278 6 4,411 i 8,658 Flour-mill and gristmill products 21 16 122 119 2 182 262 4 5 34 35 328 Foundry and machine-shop products... Leather, tanned, curried, and finished.. 12 7 2 84 8 5 13 13 6 43 63 387 218 76 2,582 255 178 430 422 237 1,318 2,018 3 213 4 1 735 136 1 949 Lime 2 252 14 3 42 11 2 116 160 21 2,839 163 40 416 137 22 1,242 1,665 1 5 272 1,660 Lumber and timber products 26 18 "'37' 2 "is?' 79 518 86 1 107 22 3 508 414 1,246 177 5 282 55 10 1,053 1,015 42 4 8 3 7 21 20 29 2,969 316 599 195 482 1,705 1,296 2,005 24 7 13 1 4 22 ,12 27 3,480 922 2,446 196 563 3,307 1,802 4,420 1 676 Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp 6 4,230 2 2,535 Printing and publishing 1 253 Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods . 1 2 5 435 747 1,546 1 2 12 938 1,166 9,834 1 1,344 All other Industries Total lor cities 4 7,704 AXJBUKN 84 39 122 65 98 296 44 45 4,811 2,231 1,200 5,054 6,222 5,197 3,430 2,062 9 2 12 13 8 26 6 3 42 19 65 39~- 53 146 25 25 103 55 167 98 123 373 48 48 11 9 27 4 20 72 7 10 119 86 274 30 196 755 80 125 9 2 13 5 4 25 3 2 248 69 361 168 142 869 84 77 6 464 3 5 1 2 2 11 602 959 125 265 348 1,685 4 1 3,275 809 ■ Augusta 1 253 Banqob 4 273 BlDDEFOKD 1 3 950 1,928 1 2 3,543 2,817 5 14 368 900 1 2 30O 615 Portland Sanfobd 2 1 1,874 998 1 1 344 Watebville 3 436 1 378 Table 19 INDU3TEY AND CITY. t!en- sus year. PEB CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. PEB CENT OP TOTAL AVEEAGE NUMBEB OP WAGE EABNEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 6 6 to 20 21 to 50 61 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5.0 5.5 8.1 10.0 9.8 10.6 12.4 12.2 20.8 19.6 7.3 12.0 20.2 9.1 16.5 21.1 Lime 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 19li 1914 1914 1914 "2.'7 8.1 9.5 9.7 9.6 m « 16.9 15.1 3.3 2.7 0.1 0.3 12.2 12.1 ■•• 3.4 2.1 2.6 13.9 1.9 2.0 7.2 1.4 2.3 6.7 9.9 18.4 23.4 8.9 9.0 0.4 0.6 23.5 28.1 8.3 18.4 0.3 0.4 14.4 15.1 5.6 2.6 3.9 22. S 0.6 3.2 14.6 2.3 6.1 20.6 7.6 16.7 18.0 13.9 18.9 1.8 4.4 24.3 35.9 25.4 33.6 3.0 0.8 15.3 12.4 6.7 5.2 3.1 30.1 3.3 2.3 16.7 2.4 3.7 73.7 10.7 4.4 Lumber and timber products. . . 11.6 19.2 19.7 17.2 6.7 6.0 6.7 11.0 13.8 29.1 45.3 21.3 19.7 15.0 17.9 6.6 9.6 '22.'7 5.9 17.3 68.3 22.5 21.6 50.3 55.8 24.4 20.7 11.1 7.1 33.9 4.4 3.4 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 0.2 0.5 45.8 54.3 5.1 8.1 56.3 40.3 "o.'t 1.2 1.7 15.1 20.6 14.9 2.1 1.4 0.8 26.1 23.5 18.5 26.2 22.7 31.8 8.3 6.1 6.3 7.5 10.9 22.1 18.1 21.7 3.2 5.4 6.4 9.2 27.8 23.7 'i4.'2 'i7.'4 31.3 20.8 33.4 27.8 14.2 18.7 6.9 8.4 21.7 13 19.6 29.5 10.7 45.1 46.9 10.3 11.2 Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and ma- 21.4 9.4 21.0 13.8 3.9 19.8 22.1 40.5 29.5 52.8 0.8 0.4 27.2 9.4 9.7 23.5 12.7 14.7 '23.'8 14.3 42.2 31.4 8.3 78.1 62.3 28.7 33.2 14.9 Printing and publishing Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods All other industries.. 12.3 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts. 41.3 38.4 20.9 16.5 14.6 12.5 43.0 10.4 5.2 5.6 32.4 5.4 11.3 8.7 8.8 5.1 11.7 13.5 5.7 32.6 16 8 29.2 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron Total for cities.. 11.5 25 5 products. 57.5 2.7 2.7 AlTBTJEN 2.0 5.4 31.9 15.8 62.6 75.2 ii.3 68.1 36.3 Cotton goods 0.6 83.9 87.1 9.1 5.S 1.1 4.1 16.1 12.9 11.4 9.4 "7.3 4.8 11.8 18.8 31.0 70.1 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 45.3 13.5 16.5 60.9 18.8 7.4 3.3 '69.' 7 25.6 21.4 38.0 33.0 ■44.'2 POBTLAND Foundry and machine-shop S ANFORD 54.6 48.4 39 2 products. Waterville . . 21.1 18.3 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. f^l Ul y/f '^•^ fU d)LJ MlWMQt^® 538 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. Of the total number of establishments for all indus- tries in the state combined, 318, or 9.4 per cent, em- ployed no wage earners in 1914. These are small establishments in which the work is done by proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employ a few wage earners, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described ia" the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the estabUshments. The nmnber of establishments ia the several remaitiing groups are as follows: Employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, 1,902, or 56.3 per cent; from 6 to 50, 859, or 25.4 per cent; from 51 to 250, 251, or 7.4 per cent; and more than 250, 48, or 1 .4 per cent. The percentages for the average number of wage earners employed, however, differ greatly from those just given. The group of establishments employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, which represented 56.3 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 4,147 wage earners, or but 5 per cent of the total. In contrast, the group of estabUshments having more than 250 employees •each, while comprising but 1.4 per cent of the total number of establishments, employed 36,080, or 44 per cent of the wage earners. The groups of establish- ments having more than 50 wage earners each, fepre- sented only 8.9 per cent of the total number of estab- lishments in the state but gave employment to 63,306 wage earners, or 77.1 per cent of the total. As an indication of the nature of the industries embracing the smaller establishments, it will be noticed that in bread and bakery products, carriages and wagons, cooperage, copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts, flour mills and gristmUls, foundry and machine- shop products, Imnber and timber products, marble and stone work, and printing and publishing, the majority of the establishments employ from 1 to 5 wage earners. Among the cities the highest per- centages of the total number of wage earners reported by establishments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Biddeford, 94.2, Sanford, 93.8, and Augusta, 90.6. Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the ntmiber and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing primary power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Table ZO NDMBEK OF ENGINES OE M0T0K3. HOKSEPOWEB. POWEK Amovint. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904, 1911 1909 1901 Primary power, total 7,447 6,634 3,748 487,211 459,599 343,627 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 3,767 1,898 440 1,429 3,680 3,630 4,070 1,886 370 1,814 1,584 1,564 3,748 1,720 246 1,782 P) 439,688 176,792 4,582 258,314 47,523 46,344 1,179 431,099 168,774 3,933 258,392 , 28,500 27,203 1,297 333,445 127,288 3,063 203,094 10,182 8,061 2,121 90.2 36.3 0.9 S3.0 9.8 9.5 0.2 93.8 36.7 0.9 56. 2 6.2 5.9 0.2 97.0 37.0 0.9 59.1 3.0 Electric 2.3 Other 0.6 5,599 3,680 1,919 2,395 1,564 831 107,700 46,344 61,356 54,266 27,203 27,063 26,587 8,061 18,526 100.0 43.0 57.0 100.0 60.1 49.9 100.0 Rented '^W 30.3 69.7 1 Figures lor horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head o£ "other" owned power. ' Not reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 27,612 horsepower, or 6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, more than half of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 3 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased to 6.2 per cent of the total, and in 1914, to 9.8 per cent of the total. How- ever, the rate of increase ©f rented power was 179.9. per cent from 1904 to 1909, and 66.7 from 1909 to 1914. Although rented power increased rapidly, owned power also showed an increase, 31.9 per cent, during the decade 1904-1914 and but 2 per cent during the last five-year period. This is due in part to the fact that latterly some of the large factories have installed elec- tricity as emergency power, while others are using electric power and hold their steam engines in readi- ness for emergencies. The use of internal-combustion engines (chiefly gaso- line) increased rapidly during the decade 1904-1914 (almost 50 per cent), the increase for the last five ytears being 16.5 per cent. The horsepower of such engines, however, represented only nine-tenths of 1 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the last five- year period there was a very slight decrease (78") in the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors,which in 1914 formed 53 percent of the total primary power. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 539 Table 21 ^ves, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected indus- tries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries combined in each city. Table 21 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). All industries Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages ana wagons and materials Oars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cotton goods Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products . . . Furniture : Gas, illuminating and heating Glucose and starch Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished . . 79,024 1,014,213 2,750 4 1,080 163 115 275 198 1,706 58 6,890 585 2,397 192 92 950 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 11, 536 872 19, 515 19, 611 1,130 15, 498 684 3.223 69,957 1,047 9,030 799 32,875 1,321 1,181 1,466 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 9,034 721 165 10 139 36 183 4.247 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 31,376 214 705 124 817 191 124 1 6 175 946 1,273 18, 786 30 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 9,497 348 1,056 354 ,121 132 19 300 940 40 INDUSTET AND CITY. Lime Lumber and timber products . Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Prmting and publishing Stoves and ranges '. . - . Woolen and worsted goods . . . All other industries ; Total for cities . AUBTJEN Augusta Bangor BiDDEPOED . . . Lewision.... poetland SANTOED Wateeville. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 533 1, 136 51, 574 1,488 500 2,239 3,117 15, 751 1,650 1,602 74l 2,923 2,097 5,321 127 1,290 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 30, 901 2.496 10. 626 631, 522 1,421 1,316 89, 279 66,877 191, 621 5,641 7, ,884 10,472 30, 715 28,483 61, 940 34, 633 11, 953 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 2,385 13 446 671 ,209 160 386 1,502 52 1,750 5 354 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 1,386 295 334 101 12 54 5,802 20, 406 210 2,275 11 847 6,601 10,197 2 263 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 726 2,379 102 1,340 616 194 1,424 555 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and Talue of products, and other information which are herewith presented. Paper and wood pulp. — The table following shows or this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quan- tity and cost of materials used, the quantity and value of the different products, and the character and capacity of equipment. Table 22 MATERIALS. Total cost.. Pulp wood: ^Cords.... Cost Spruce, domestic — C ords Cost Spruce, imported— Cords , Cost Poplar — Cords Cost All other woods, including slabs and other mill waste — Cords Cost Wood pu\p, purchased: Tons Cost Ground- Tons Cost Sulphite fiber- Tons Cost All other fiber — Tons Cost Hags, including cotton and fiax waste and sweepings: Tons Cost Old or waste paper: , Tons Cost All other materials, cost. PRODUCTS. Total value News paper, in rolls or sheets: Tons Value Wrapping paper: Tons Value Boards: Tons Value 1914 $25,457,967 941,204 88,442,359 15,348,873 128,374 $1,408,693 150,461 $1,240,657 64,073 $444,136 173, 238 $4,704,299 110, 466 $2,061,975 48,423 $2, 108, 150 14,349 $534, 174 2,768 $150,363 13, 779 $180,393 $11,980,563 $40, 179, 744 336,020 $13,262,166 176,673 $9,598,230 27,018 $1,252,952 1909 $20,504,213 1903,962 $7,984,338 552,032 P) 166,500 m 123,052 62,378 (?) 167,126 $4,637,964 98,553 $1,831,737 52,805 $2,118,781 15,768 $687,446 4,400 $167,316 7,264 $119,305 $7,595,290 $33,950,230 313,125 $11,424,388 143,696 $8,079,299 22,099 $831, 340 1904 $13,868,147 673,557 $4,838,375 534,381 $3,853,380 27,754 $241,491 110,576 $739,451 846 $4,053 107,268 $2,735,002 60,132 $937, 741 34,020 $1,252,781 13,116 $544,480 5,766 $166,378 5,666 $92,745 $6,035,647 $22,951,124 215,307 $7,721,864 89,818 $4,075,497 13,477 $523, 568 PRODUCTS— continued. All other paper (book paper, fine paper, tissue paper, etc.): Tons Value Wood pulp made for sale or for con- sumption in mills other than where produced: Groimd— Tons Value Soda fiber — Tons Value Sulphite fiber- Bleached- Tons Value Unbleached — Tons Value Screenings, chemical- Tons Value Wood pulp produced (Including that used m mills where manufactured), total tons Ground, tons Soda fiber, tons Sulphite fiber—' Bleached, tons Unbleached, tons Screenings, mechanical and chemi- cal, tons 1914 EQUIPMENT. Paper machines: Total number Yearly capacity, tons . Fourdrinier- Number Daily capacity, tons, . Cylinder — Number Daily capacity, tons . . Pulp eeiuipment: Grinders, number Digesters, total number. . . Sulphite, number Soda, number Yearly capacity, tons Ground Sulphite Soda 118,821 $9,422,304 118,813 $2,057,000 49,081 $2,016,331 15,679 $1,132,479 34, 753 $1,395,491 2,121 $42, 791 698,870 357,393 92,747 42,815 193,570 12,345 108 684,830 20 197 301 105 65 40 812,215 440, 718 269,497 102,000 104, 516 » $8, 244, 699 107,116 $1,822,734 41,106 $1,748,294 46,073 $1,799,476 620, 705 324,264 78,940 217,501 (?) 104 634,059 84 20 174 330 98 60 807,798 491,095 217, 438 99,265 74,322 •I $5, 741, 386 64,480 $922,206 45, 276 $1,773,899 58,261 $2,192,704 8 456,921 230,340 53,257 173,324 (?) 91 425,848 73 1,349 18 126 268 93 65 38 571,397 305,982 174,387 91,028 ' The figures for cords of pulp wood used in 1 909 represent wood used by all mills manufacturing wood pulp, which includes a few where it was not the primary Digitized by IVIicrd^&fm 2 Not reported separately. ' Includes products other than paper or pulp to amount of $3,921. * ''" '' ' " spioducts other than paper or pulp to amount of $92,561. 540 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. The statistics for the paper and wood pulp industry include estabhshments making both paper and pulp, those making paper only, and those making pulp only. In determining the cost of materials for the- entire industry the cost of materials as reported by the three classes are combined. Similarly, the value of products for the industry as a whole is obtained by combining the totals for the three classes of establish- ments. There is, therefore, considerable duplication, as undoubtedly a large part of the wood pulp pur- chased is duplicated in the cost of pulp wood, while wood pulp produced for sale is again included to a considerable extent as a finished product in the value of paper manufactured. Pulp wood, as at previous censuses, was the prin- cipal material used in 1914, constituting practically one-third of the total cost of all materials. The pulp miUs of the state used 941,204 cords of pulp wood in 1914, of which domestic spruce formed 63.6 per cent; imported spruce, 13.6 per cent; poplar, 16 per cent; and all other woods, including slabs and other mill waste, 6.8 per cent. The latter item includes balsam fir, 23,484 cords; hemlock, pine, and white fir, 2,454 cords; and slabs and other mill waste, 38,135 cords. The item, "all other materials," which amounted in value to $11,980,563 in 1914, includes the cost of fuel, manUa stock, chemicals, sizing, clay, freight, etc. The production of paper and pulp in Maine shows a steady increase for each census since 1904. News paper and wrapping paper were the principal products at the last census, representing 33 per cent and 23.9 per cent, respectively, of the total value of all prod- ucts. Wood pulp was made for sale or for con- sumption in mills other than where produced to the amount of 220,447 tons, valued at $6,644,092, being 31.5 per cent of the total tonnage of wood pulp pro- duced in the state in 1914, including that used in mills where manufactured. Each class of paper and wood pulp produced in 1914 shows a decided increase, as compared with 1909. Of the total wood pulp pro- duced in 1914, including that used in establishments where manufactured, groimd wood pulp represented 51.1 per cent; sulphite fiber, 33.8 per cent; soda fiber, 13.3 per cent; and screenings, 1.8 per cent. Textiles. — The progress of the textUe industries is best indicated by the number of spindles and looms, which were reported as the mill equipment. The table following shows this machinery for the four principal textile industries in 1914, 1909, and 1904. The niunber of producing spindles shows an increase between 1909 and 1914 of 107,436, or 8.7 per cent; and that of looms, an increase of 3,130, or 10.3 per cent. In 1914 the cotton mills reported 81.5 per cent of the producing spindles in the four branches of the textile industry, and made the largest gain in number, between 1909 and 1914, 77,454, or 7.6 per cent. In the woolen and worsted mills the increase in the num- ber of spindles was 29,132, or 13.6_p.er.cent. .The number of looms used in the cotton rnUls increased 10.1 per cent, the number in the woolen mills, 12.6 per cent; while the nimaber in silk mills shows a decrease of 20.3 per cent. Table 23 KIND. Cen- sus year. Total. Cotton manufac- tures. Silk and silk goods. Woolen and worsted goods.' Hosiery and' knit goods. Producing spindles 1914 1909 1904 1899 1914 1909 1904 1899 1.347,928 1,240,492 1.085,898 1,007,748 33,631 30,501 28,028 26,288 1,098.142 1,020,688 891,246 841,521 28,972 26,319 24,189 23,366 4.970 4,740 4,968 126 158 150 120 243.716 214.584 189,684 166,227 4.533 4.024 3,689 2,802 1,100 4S» ' Includes a few spindles and looms on felt goods at censuses prior to 1914. ' Figures not available. Cotton goods. — The quantity and cost of the prin- cipal materials used in the manufacture of cotton goods and the quantity and value of the principal products, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, are given in the accompanying table: Table 24 MATERIALS. Total cost Cotton: Pounds Cost Cotton yarn, purchased: Pounds Cost Cotton waste, purctiased: Pounds Cost Starch, cost Chemicals and dyestufls, cost Fuel and rent of power, cost All other materials, cost PRODUCTS. Total value Unbleached and bleached sheetings and muslins; Square yards Value Fancy weaves: Square yards Value ; Twills and sateens- Square yards Value Dobby fancies- Square yards Value Jacquards— Square yards Value Other fancy weaves — Square yards Value Bags and bagging: Square yards Value. Other woven goods: Square yards Value Yarns, for sale: Square yards Value Cotton waste, for sale: Square yards Value All other products, value 1914 $13,032,969 85,854,827 810,628,358 1,225,331 $326,262 5,004,762 $465, 747 $154,866 $169,263 $431, 415 $867,058 $22, 121, 711 105, 715, 1R7 $6,623,688 78,378,205 $7,580,027 29,006,668 $2,357,347 6,670,409 $655,003 8,750,588 $1,672,469 33,950,550 $2,895,208 5,597,367 49,281,343 $4,907,351 5,683,096 $1, 772, 193 9,529,852 $379,392 $51, 794 1909 $11,390,479' 78,678,643. $9,440,063. 1,268,512 $305,638. 4,218,459' $304,700' =^3,783; $178,938 $341,762 $725,595. $21,932,225. 136,448,937 $9,122,839' 56, 592, 796. $6,031,735- 27,617,fl61 $2,452,673 28,975,735 $3,579,062 9,512,876 $764,110 47,633,796 $4, 765, 735 3,259,274 $957,011 7, 748, 539 $251, 179 $39,616 The manufacture of cotton goods in Maine, in 1914, was one of the chief industries of the state, repre- senting more than one-tenth of the total value of products of the entire state for. 1914. Ten of the 15 mills engaged in the industry were located in cities , t/Di vD^jLu. J.XLK:, I of over 10,000 population. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 541 The total value of products of the cotton-goods industry amounted to $22,121,711 in 1914, and $21,932,225 in 1909, an increase of $189,486, or nine- tenths of 1 per cent, as compared with an increase of $6,526,402, or 42.4 per cent, during 1904-1909. While the value of products showed only a sUght increase for 1909-1914, the cost of materials used for the same period increased $1,642,490, or 14.4 percent, as com- pared with an increase of 24.2 per cent for the period 1904-1909. The cost of raw cotton formed 81.5 per cent of the total cost of all materials used in 1914, as compared with 82.9 per cent in 1909 and 85.1 per cent in 1904. Unbleached and bleached sheetings and muslins showed the greatest value of any one class of products in 1914, as also in 1909 and in 1904. The output in square yards of these fabrics decreased 22.5 per cent, and the value 27.4 per cent dxiring the period 1909- 1914. Twills and sateens showed an increase of 5 per cent in quantity, but a decrease of 3.9 per cent in -aalue of output. The classes of dobby fancies, Jacquards, and other fancy weaves, combined for the pm-pose of comparison with the same classes in 1909, showed an increase in quantity for 1914 of 70.4 per cent, and in value of 45.9 per cent. Yarns made for sale showed a a large increase, 85.2 per cent, for the period 1909-1914 in the value of output in this class. Woolen and worsted goods. — The quantity and cost of the different materials used in this industry and the quantity and value of the principal products are given in the accompanying table. Table 25 MATERIALS. Total cost- Wool: Foreign (in condition pur- chased) — Pounds Cost Domestic (in condition pur- Pounds > Cost Equivalent in scoured condition, pounds Cotton: Pounds Cost Animal balr: Pounds Cost Rags, clippings, etc. : Pounds Cost Heoovered wool fiber (wool shoddy): Founds Cost Waste and noils of wool, mohair, camel hair, etc: Founds ■ Cost. Yarns, purchased: Woolen and worsted — Pounds, Cost ' Cotton — Founds., Cost AU other — Pounds. . Cost Chen-icals and dyestufls, cost. Fuel and rent of power, cost. . All other materials, cost 1911 $10,823,116 2,210,081 $631,002 6,752,924 $2,518,091 7,251,676 2,933,786 $397, 756 3,800,538 $994, 714 2,418,825 $338,470 4,430,934 $671,242 4,564,425 $893,273 176,581 $126,919 3,443,361 $1,113,711 11,831 $25,705 $515, 751 $498,023 $2,103,459 1909 1904 $11,120,486 3,639,557 $1,278,255 9,575,975 $3,585,232 10,221,289 1,972,781 $251,423 2,657,327 $562,814 1,019,778 $73,465 4,094,292 $484,770 2,380,110 $716,536 947,343 $768,778 2,449,258 $813,080 28,062 $28,658 $599, 175 $393,952 $1,564,348 $10,811,235 2,724,534 $843,083 12,390,314 $4,160,873 11,016,422 3,132,243 $431,592 2,127,980 $477,768 4,114,911 $602, 176 1,850,639 $427,032 1,650,420 $1,127,867 2,005,774 $604,875 14,673 $18,871 $549, 171 $392, 148 $1,175,979 Total value. All-wool woven goods: Woolen suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods — Square yards Value .' Worsted suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods- Square yards Value All other- Square yards Value Union or cotton-mixed woven goods: Unions, tweeds, etc. — Square yards Value All other- Square yards Value. ■Cotton-warp goods, woven: Wool-filling suitings, overcoat- ings, and dress goods — Square yards Value All other — Square yards Value Yams, for sale: Woolen yam- Pounds Value Worsted yam and tops — Founds Value All other yams — Pounds Value Waste and noils: Pound^^ Value J Amount received for contract work. . All other products, value 1914 $17,531,470 13,806,070 $7,390,057 241,394 $191,698 601,418 $456,001 547,919 $142,939 791,897 $321,065 4,861,954 $1,497,661 18,113,218 $5,149,907 28,499 $18,527 1,981,791 $897,304 6,244 $4,564 2,645,935 $241,499 $87,265 $1,132,983 1909 $18,1)01,890 12,401,175 $6,991,470 2,285,713 $1,389,538 403,041 $226,702 2,682,295 $1,288,515 1,314,290 $630,603 2,244,167 $709,016 12,341,126 $4,119,989 16,779 $12,181 1,452,845 $1,201,838 106, 736 $42,887 1,404,756 $258,912 $78,722 $1,051,517 1904 $17,679,590 10,208,432 $6,477,729 2,160,598 $1,646;033 630, 122 $339,215 3,816,292 $2,287,614 2,408,073 $908,344 4,774,737 $1,974,231 7,389,663 $2,534,418 95,531 $64,146 439,423 $331,128 177,369 $140,766 , 698,673 ■ $155,117 $129, 753 $591,096 1 Included in "all other materials. ' The quantity of scoured wool and of purchased . woolen and worsted yarns used, decreased consider- ably during the decade. Oh the other hand the con- sumption of the cheaper wool materials — wool waste and noils, recovered wool fiber, and rags, clippings, etc. — and of fibers, other than wool, such as raw cot- ton, cotton yam, and animal hair, increased. The manufactures of wool reflect the tendency toward the use of cheaper materials noted above. The cost of wool, both foreign and domestic, formed 29.1 per cent of the total cost of materials in 1914; that of cotton, 3.7 per cent; that of shoddy, 6.2 per cent; that of waste and noils, 8.3 T^gii^&lSki)^ yarns purchased, 11.7 per cent; and that of chemicals and dyestuffs, 4.8 per cent. Of the total quantity of wool reported as used for material in 1914, 75.3 per cent was domestic and 24.7 per cent foreign, the cost of the former representing 80 per cent of the total cost of wool used and that of the latter 20 per cent. Of the total value of products for the industry in 1914, all-wool woven goods contributed 45.8 per cent; union or cotton-mixed woven goods, 2.6 per cent; goods woven on cotton warp, 37.9 per cent; yams for sale, 5.2 per cent; and other products, together with con- per cent. 542 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. The quantity of all-wool woven goods shows a de- crease of 441,047 square yards, or 2.9 per cent, in 1914, as compared with 1909. The relative impor- tance of the union or cotton-mixed woven goods has decreased markedly since 1909, such fabrics showing a loss in output of 2,656,769 square yards, or 66.5 per cent, during the five-year period. In 1914 the union or cotton-mixed woven goods represented 2.6 per cent of the total value of products for the industry, as compared with 10.7 per cent in 1909. The cotton- warp goods showed a total increase of 8,389,879 square yards, or 57.5 per cent, more than for 1909, with a corresponding increase in value of $1,818,563, or 37.7 per cent, for the same period- Boots and shoes. — The following table gives the number of pairs of the various kinds of footwear manu- factured in the state of Maine in 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 26 NUMBER OF PAIRS. 1914 1909 1904 Total . 15,709,277 9,275,102 9,261,687 Boots and shoes. . 12,704,966 4,476,245 572,980 4,256,166 3,399,575 V 3,004,311 9,066,454 4,786,134 665,270 2,886,923 728,127 208,648 9,152,833 5,709,462 Boys' and youths' 1,048,268 2,244,921 150, 182 Slippers, infants' shoes and slippers, 108,754 The total output reported for 1914, as compared with 1909, shows an increase of 6,434,175 pairs, or 69.4 per 6ent, while the increase for the previous five-year period was less than 1 per cent. This large increase in production in 1909-1914 was mainly in women's, misses', and children's shoes, slippers of all kinds, and cotton fiber (canvas) shoes. Men's, boys' and youths' shoes show a small decrease from the product reported at previous censuses. The accompanying table shows the various kinds of footwear, classified according to character of manu- facture, for 1914 and 1909: Table 27 Boots and shoes: Men's Boys' and youths' Women's Misses' and children's. Slippers, infants' shoes and slippers, and all other footwear. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 NUMBER or PAIRS. Welted. 3,745,200 3,496,629 194, 176 447,467 991,506 577,444 757, 265 187,043 (') McKay. 502,972 1,006,002 334,560 188,243 2,363,888 1,816,038 2,478,930 541,084 537,424 Other methods. 228,073 283,503 44,244 29,560 900,772 493,441 163,380 2, 466, 887 208, 648 1 Included under "other methods," to avoid disclosing operations of individual estabUshments. In 1909 the majority of shoes and slippers manufac- tured were welted, but in 1914 more McKay than welted were reported; other makes censuses were tiimed, and wood or metal fastened^ The greater part of the men's shoes were made by the welt process, but the boys' and youths', women's,, misses', and children's were principally McKay. Moccasins, to the value of $340,769, were reported by 14 establishments, 12 of which manufactured them, exclusively. Canning and preserving. — The accompanying table show^ the quantity and value of the various products, for this industry in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 28 Total value... Canned vegetables: Value.. Beans — Value.. Corn- Value.. All other — Value.. Canned fruits: Value.. Apples- Cases.. Value.. All other- Value.. Fish and clams, value. . Canned- Value Sardines — Cases (48 — No. J cans). Value Clams — Value All other- Cases Value Smoked fish: Pounds Value Finnan haddie — Pounds Value Herring— Pounds Value All other — Pounds Value..- Salted fish: Pounds Value Cod- Pounds Value Haddock- Pounds Value Herring— Pounds Value AU other- Pounds Value All other products, value. 1914 1 $10,742,738 1,318,308 $2,413,142 152,639 $236,585 1,101,333 $2,038,716 64,336 $137,841 169,889 $320,435 55,124 $76,403 114,765 $244,032 $7,466,391 4,793,431 $6,299,042 4,634,424 $5,780,857 73,764 $210,889 85,243 $307,296 5,406,605 $362,961 1,055,243 1106,474 3,797,262 $237,703 554,100 $22,784 21,258,115 $804,388 6,604,788 ■ $348, 741 738,700 $22,256 173,500 $3,105 13,741,127 $430,286 $542,770 1909 $7,688,833 920,257 $1,545,452 92,602 $151,476 792,185 $1,320,223 35,470 $73,753 143,452 $230,696 75,540 $122,791 67,912 $107,905 $5,738,685 $4,812,739 $4,609,224 $171,355 $32,160 8,814,981 $326,674 975,682 $63, 141 7,592,993 $255,498 246,306 $8,035 17,027,167 $599,272 7,267,330 $333,621 992,935 $30,324 216,400 $4,332 8,550,502 $230,995 $174,000 1904 $7,267,281 854,210 $1,714,414 54,805. $92,231 763,295. $1,525,089' 36,110. $97,094 53,970' $121,173. $6,794 50,882 $114,379 $5,134,612: $4, 486, 17a $4,291,324 $164,496 $30,353 10,925,323 $254,155 650,100 $38,936 9,821,243 $206,879 453,980 $8,340 12,661,238 $394,284 2,682,355 $141,345 611,171 $17,238 1,853,899 $41,667 7,413,813 $194,144 $297,082 1 In addition, 178,366 oases of canned ?«getables, to the value of $228,718; 2,036 cases of canned fruits, to the value of $3,672; 20,000 pounds of dried apples, to the value of $1,300; 64,867 oases of fish and clams, to the value of $91,362; and pickles, preserves, and sauces, to the value of $174, were reported by establishments in other industries. Of the 194 establishments included in this classifi- cation, 76 canned fruits and vegetables; 111 canned and cured fish and clams; and 7 were engaged in the manufacture of pickles, preserves, and sauces. There was an increase of 54.4 per cent from 1909 to 1914 in the value of canned com, which is the largest individual product in the canned vegetable branch of representing 84.5 per cent of the total MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 543 value of canned vegetables reported for 1914 for Maine and 14.6 per cent of the total value of canned com for the United States. The fruitrcanning industry shows an increase in value between 1909 and 1914 amounting to 38.9 per cent. Apples contributed 23.8 per cent of the value of all fruit products, and all other fruits (blueberries), 76.2 per cent in 1914', as compared with 53.2 per cent for apples and 24.8 per cent for blueberries in 1909. The principal branch of the canning industry in Maine is the canning and curing of fish and the can- ning of clams, the combined value of which formed 69.5 per cent of the value of all products for the gen- eral industry in the year 1914; 74.6 per cent in 1909; and 70.7 per cent in 1904. Sardines are the principal product of this subdi- vision of the industry, contributing in 1914, 53.8 per cent of the aggregate value of all products and 91.8 per cent of the value of canned fish and clams. In 1914 Maine produced more than 92.7 per cent of the total quantity of sardines canned in the United States. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 29, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Maine, for 1914 and 1909. Table 29 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages P^d for contract work Hent and taxes : Cost ol materials Amount received for work done. . . POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 1,097 101 66 930 1,741 J685,304 434,619 63,956 380,663 2,201 27,233 182,477 939,021 1909 78 956 87 S3 816 1,085 $536,361 335,240 36,902 298,338 787 22,245 115,661 736,367 Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 14.0 60.5 27.8 29.6 46.2 27.6 179.7 22.4 57.8 27.5 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. , In 1914 Maine ranked thirty-fifth among the states in amount received for work done and thirty-third in number of persons engaged in the industry. The -table shows increases in aU the items given, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amounting to 27.5 and to 14 per cent, respectively. Establishments owned by individuals reported 61.3 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 21.7 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 17 per cent. Table 30 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the great- est number employed in any month of the same year. Table 30 January... rebruary.. March April...... May... I... June July August September October. . . November. December. WAGE EAKNEES. Number. 1911 844 840 843 848 881 966 1,081 1,135 1,031 926 874 877 1909 697 701 699 764 775 851 984 1,016 911 826 778 789 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 74.4 74.0 74.3 74.7 77.6 85.1 95.2 100.0 90.8 81.6 77.0 77.3 1909 68.5 69.0 68.8 75.2 76.3 83.8 96.8 100.0 89.7 81.3 76.6 77.7 Table 31 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 31 NUMBER OP HOBSEPOWEB. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of 1914 1909 • 1914 1909 in- crease,! 1909- 1914. Primary pow^r, total 136 100 1,741 1,085 60 5 Owned 69 63 3 3 67 67 59 55 2 2 41 41 1,297 1,243 IS 36 444 404 40 856 811 10 35 229 224 5 51.5 Steam .... 53 3 Water wheels and motors Rented 93.9 Electric 80 4 other Electric .. ' 107 67 40 59 41 18 522 404 118 260 224 . 36 100 8 Rented 80.4 Generated by establishments report- ing 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. Table 32 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 32 Anthracite coal Bituminous coal Coke Oil, including gasoline . Gas Unit. Ton (2,240 lbs.). Ton (2,000 lbs.). Ton (2,000 lbs.). Barrels 1,000 cubic feet . 1914 2,846 8,531 1909 1,804 6,163 17 74 16,264 P« cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 57.8 38.4 -74.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; than 100. percentages are omitted where base is less Digitized by Microsoft® 544 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. GENERAL TABLES. Table 33 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 in- habitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 34 presents, for 1914, for the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry for which figures can be shown without disclosing the operations of individual establishments, and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all « industries combined. Table 33 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. nroUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND ClIY. Cen- sus year. Nimi- berot estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTEIES. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,378 3,546 3,145 82,149 79,955 74,958 487,211 459,599 343,627 $43,264 37,632 32,692 $117,655 97,101 80,042 $200,450 176,029 144,020 Cotton goods 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 15 16 15 21 16 18 13,834 14,634 12,382 77 64 102 64,404 63,823 37,236 483 789 829 15,775 6,718 4,037 54 38 60 $13,033 11,390 9,173 116 62 72 $22,122 21,932 15,406 Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Agricultural implements.. 5 10 13 126 121 153 863 1,014 1,691 85 78 77 70 84 76 217 226 206 224 158 204 Boots and shoes, includ- 1914 1909 1904 69 65 68 8,986 6,626 5,960 5,153 3,810 3,010 5,046 3,210 2,673 15,034 9,941 8,435 23,330 15,609 12,608 Fertilizers 1914 1909 1904 8 5 3 156 96 26 973 323 228 68 36 12 1,195 431 39 1,583 697 66 ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes and cartons, paper. 1914 1909 1904 12 10 9 288 280 222 161 131 130 120 92 70 168 125 106 358 304 236 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 148 173 161 217 226 234 6,025 7,720 6,603 128 101 108 3,959 4,027 3,442 4,426 4,607 3,933 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 202 186 161 729 686 469 445 253 146 424 303 220 1,557 1,428 877 2,626 2,235 1,489 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 4 189 125 106 2,874 2,886 3,002 5,539 4,967 4,371 1,785 1,512 1,518 2,643 2,344 2,001 5,799 5,237 4,888 Brick, tile, and other clay 1914 1909 1904 37 49 66 467 263 330 1,277 889 880 308 150 165 316 105 118 741 390 420 1914 1909 1904 10 13 11 111 215 237 311 564 316 67 116 118 127 168 145 276 products. 363 377 Butter 1914 1909 1904 17 29 46 90 96 78 450 523 455 65 48 47 1,239 1,098 1,046 1,426 1,301 1,230 Gas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 1904 17 19 15 220 216 100 490 349 171 162 120 63 29^ 212 129 769 649 444 Canning and preserving . . 1914 1909 1904 1194 245 235 3,913 3,850 3,487 6,257 4,355 3,018 1,263 1,138 1,306 7,404 6,125 4,240 10,743 7,689 7,267 Glucose and starch 1914 1909 1904 51 64 65 114 120 107 '1,550 1,838 1,946 56 68 47 485 475 364 629 687 624 Carriages and wagons and 1914 1909 1904 129 150 158 343 472 459 816 1,121 790 205 257 247 404 397 400 851 966 956 1914 1909 1904 6 36 17 19 259 286 325 935 1,210 1,409 161 159 152 328 391 291 5T7 materials. 676 704 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by electric-railroad compa- nies. Cars and general shop c»n- struction and repau-s by steam-railroad compa^ nies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 11 13 176 161 97 258 105 99 99 86 224 201 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 10 17 27 358 436 615 1,995 1,467 1,787 182 208 237 2,061 1,452 1,974 2,419 1,905 2,500 1914 1909 1904 13 18 15 1,344 1,200 863 1,377 953 829 988 763 458 1,006 1,199 686 2,076 2,048 1,190 Lime 1914 1909 1904 5 12 8 369 526 663 455 205 960 224 197 297 557 729 602 923 1,215 1,174 1914 1909 1904 27 33 34 1,047 1,068 1,090 290 229 1,321 438 333 304 1,201 697 407 2,173 1,164 929 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 8 952 1,065 862 15,452 15,086 13,577 81,967 95,363 76,267 7,817 7,103 6,156 13,144 10,930 8,912 27,593 26,125 21,337 clothing, women's 1914 1909 1904 7 7 10 315 532 486 48 142 76 104 184 121 229 338 309 472 686 554 Marble and stone work. . . 1914 1909 1904 137 142 61 1,833 2,381 2,532 9,138 7,785 4,867 1,302 1,532 1,514 587 490 376 2,629 2,566 2,555 1914 1909 1904 40 28 17 215 214 200 206 78 76 59 472 336 303 715 711 497 Mineral and soda waters. . 1914 1909 1904 53 46 30 102 80 98 246 256 300 53 44 52 183 94 177 328 247 346 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 74 68 78 476 349 354 2,-272 1,670 1,408 244 164 144 559 435 291 1,022 842 673 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 1904 38 46 37 10,033 8,647 7,574 246,121 223,787 162,294 6,754 5,267 4,063 26,458 20,604 13,868 40,180 33,950 22,951 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 1904 2 26 16 a 12 288 374 142 456 439 176 193 190 72 891 1,018 400 1,602 1,689 509 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. 1914 1909 1904 30 37 27 113 144 147 67 94 36 42 49 46 202 197 168 468 766 ' 585 1 Includes " canning and preserving, fish"; "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables"; "canning and preserving, oysters"; and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 2 Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and " tinware, n5t elsewhere specified." 3 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individuai operations. 4 Includes "automobile repairing": "ensrines. steam, ^hr. fl.n(l water": "hnrHwarA"* "nlnmbflrs j'-'i-i.^u.B , "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "hardware"; "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specifled' water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 5 Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes" boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planmg-mlll products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills": screens." . j^ => "steam fittings and steam and hot- 'pulp wood;" and "window and door Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MAINE. Table 33.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904-Coiitiiiued. 545 nn>USTBT AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Printing and publishing . . Slaughtering and meat paofeing Stoves and ranges . Tobacco manufactures.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1204 195 217 20 8 12 4 4 4 74 77 64 1,772 1,651 1,804 126 107 160 214 190 207 242 252 244 1,760 1,565 1,352 212 213 359 208 208 205 $955 779 767 79 58 85 145 113 118 148 146 123 $1,210 1,102 1,135 785 524 111 98 72 190 169 182 $3,717 3,438 3,400 1,370 957 723 361 329 304 473 464 450 Wood, turned and carved. Woolen and worsted goods All other industries. 1914 59 1,659 5,714 $805 $967 1909 62 1,287 4,525 572 899 1904 58 1,454 4,049 677 668 1914 57 7,998 23,839 4,072 10,823 1909 63 8,553 21,651 3,779 11,120 1904 72 8,743 18,226 3,514 10,811 1914 381 5,214 15,607 2,784 8,200 1909 397 5,683 15,003 2,832 6,721 1904 351 6,442 15,835 3,086 7,438 $2,208 1,870 1,641 17,531 18,002 17,580 15,369 13,635 13, §64 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. PORTLAND- All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Canning and preserving. . Carriages and wagons and repairs. Clothing, women's.. Confectionery 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 296 271 243 27 29 <10 7 H 6 4 3 5,197 4,902 4,345 180 136 101 237 78 35 57 78 267 396 311 132 155 115 8,300 7,849 104 42 311 71 162 166 $3,071 2,608 2,073 109 71 64 114 30 47 23 34 51 137 84 47 53 33 $8,028 6,009 4,364 360 373 142 892 142 264 20 192 261 136 378 265 225 $14,705 11,950 9,133 615 531 258 1,193 226 401 60 127 112 504 279 628 574 347 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing. AH other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 642 21 20 5 12 11 11 U5 43 47 126 128 104 40 124 32 23 13 4 483 666 649 607 318 424 619 518 2,584 2,234 2,043 220 1,023 1,366 1,269 1,922 1,590 503 486 3,633 2,969 $28 51 18 12 3 2 411 266 416 365 170 280 299 247 1,642 1,199 981 $46 166 376 169 128 1,021 613 352 1,056 920 400 252 294 265 3,435 2,740 2,372 HIT 190 142 1,7S7 1,200 1,280 2,178 1,838 948 l'« m ,016 «5$ 4,465 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. AUBDBN.. Augusta. . Bangob.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 84 83 72 39 40 44 122 122 87 4,811 3,462 2,662 2,231 '2,276 1,860 1,200 1,327 1,496 4,411 3,446 9,639 6,350 2,355 2,441 $2, 856 1,748 1,216 1,071 1,159 702 734 736 748 $8, 686 6,790 4,417 2,980 2,484 1,887 1,952 1,847 1,737 $13, 840 8,843 6,407 4,918 4,662 3,887 3,567 3,346 3,408 BiDDEFOED. Lewiston. Watekville. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6,064 5,076 4,764 6,222 6,788 6,167 2,062 1,812 2,011 20,703 17,038 21, 879 19,438 5,319 3,184 $2, 188 1,993 1,791 2,920 2,741 2,168 1,037 806 738 $5,611 4,897 4,13S 6,020 6,275 4,716 2,161 1,771 1,773 $9,636 10,619 10,475 8,608 4,013 3,179 3,069 • Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." ' Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat packing establishments." s Excludes statistics for two establishments to avoid disclosure of individual operations. « Includes "caimmg and preserving, fish"; "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetalsles"; * Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "hardware"; "plum__ hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural Iron work, not made in steelworks or rolling mills. 'Includes "boxes, wooden packing": "lumber, planlng-mlll products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills"; and "window and door screens.' 7 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. 82101°— 18 35 igetables"; "canning and preserving, oysters"; and "pickles and sauces, e"; "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified"; "steam fittings an and steam and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 546 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. Table 34.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nrousTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDTISTBT. WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPKESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tb day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. • THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Agricultural implements . Artificial stone products . . Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willowware Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe cut stock Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Boots and shoes Moccasins Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile Brooms, from broom com Brushes, other than toilet and paint . Butter Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carmed vegetables Canned fruits Canning and preserving, oysters Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cleansing preparations Clothing, men's Men's and youths' Contract work Clothing, women's , Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream , Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels AH other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cotton goods -. Cutlery and edge tools Druggists' preparations Engines, steam, gas, and water Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine and boiler shops Foundries Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating Glucose and starch Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mifl products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. 3,378 90,758 202 37 6 6 123 116 7 11 40 148 7 91 85 6 10 17 51 9 4 10 5 842 60 143 47 345 337 91 17 80 33 167 9,371 9,195 176 315 901 39 1,024 525 23 23 118 3,048 1,272 1,166 106 151 87 35 476 455 21 191 1,431 6 463 366 97 339 68 371 274 97 251 243 8 105 13,979 15 22 96 250 442 10 2,734 2,645 89 140 313 175 85 18 384 399 14,973 786 3,344 31 2 229 30 4 6 79 121 97 24 26 7 130 126 4 2 177 7 4 6 4 1,028 60 2,096 179 175 4 11 16 14 1 1 13 106 25 117 115 2 7 30 4 3 14 10 293 41 2,110 166 161 5 2 10 3 21 10 64 63 5 11 153 22 1,059 188 186 2 10 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented; QigJM^Bdeb^y^cjVlicrQSQf^i 82,149 So 126 30 239 234 5 60 10 64 27 144 8,815 8,658 157 288 815 31 729 467 18 19 90 2,766 1,017 943 74 119 78 26 317 304 13 176 1,344 430 342 88 315 51 277 215 62 177 173 4 69 13,834 78 4 155 217 3 2,405 2,324 81 111 220 114 71 13 358 369 13,448 643 053 De 77,796 De Au 156 55 Au W Jy Mb 5 Mh Au De5 32 181 Ja 9,704 Oc 179 Oc 332 Je No» Au Jy Sei 884 32 738 22 24 De Oc5 Oo 5,083 Se 6,-322 Se 301 Ap 306 Fe Apo 187 30 My 326 Jes 15 Au 193 De 1,420 W No Mh Mh 393 54 Mh6 Jy 234 77 Oc 215 De5 9 Oc 79 Fe 14,364 Mh6 13 Je 16 De6 Mh 249 De 230 Jys 4 Ja Fes Je Se Oo Se 2,409 83 119 265 465 164 Fe Jy 43 425 477 Ja 16,072 Oc 684 i7 De Ja 184 5 Fe 51 Au5 5 No 60 Jy 17 Ja 111 Je 7,962 De 131 Je 261 De Au5 Ja Fe Jy6 Je Ja Mh 681 30 569 242 15 17 77 Fe De Jy De Se Au 289 De6 12 De 159 Je 1,274 (') Se 295 Au6 67 Au 233 Jv5 48 Je Mh 195 51 Ja 142 Fe 3 Fe 66 De 13,272 Oc5 6 De' 10 De 66 Au6 2 Se 96 My 205 Aps 2 De 2,231 De Fe Mh Jy8 My 10 79 104 182 10 13 286 De 230 Au 10,376 Fe 586 (') 156 50 229 224 5 13 61 30 181 9,054 8,892 162 335 921 32 788 621 18 21 97 5,070 6,385 6,112 273 316 87 28 336 324 12 159 466 368 301 55 306 237 276 260 15 77 13,898 12 12 133 232 5 2,329 2,250 79 106 194 460 155 13 366 384 20,330 650 (') 153 50 228 223 5 54 7 29 27 132 5,827 5,704 123 106 910 32 598 621 18 2,468 4,179 4,049 130 126 80 28 336 324 12 159 1,383 1 116 97 19 43 54 173 122 51 273 258 15 75 7,242 12 6 65 1 133 228 3 2,286 2,208 78 106 194 458 108 13 366 384 20,318 648 14 6 31 3 49 3,163 3,124 39 11 "ira 10 8 2,569 1,900 1,765 135 190 (') 1 350 271 79 258 1 130 113 17 2 6,221 (') (') 22 146 139 7 232 13 160 159 1 203 $233,844,434 414,041 60,964 381,077 378,007 3,070 77,247 11,341 56,703 77,009 311,388 8,042J10 7,857,398 135,312 1,681,705 74,311 946,683 1,144,090 20,200 19,819 415,113 4,712,478 1,949,623 1,673,031 276,692 69,721 8,194 94,722 712,381 673, 893 38,488 396,388 2,056,118 7,396 320,679 299,679 21,000 232,644 145,209 502,899 416,628 88,271 428,532 418,782 9,750 72,604 31,289,577 32,194 6,822 350,390 31,748 3,385,625 2,234,931 44,115 6,019,903 5,929,961 89,942 240,560 4,084,525 713,941 201,926 9,815 2,504,824 933,840 21,784,242 1,584,136 ■en for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— MAINE. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 547 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wagesT^ For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 14,310,482 $2,958,776 $45,253,703 $2,345,876 $1,089,279 $1,634,402 $111,720,678 [$5,934, 231 $200,450,118 $82,795,209 487, 211 176, 792 5,761 258,314 46,344 61,356 9,100 680 12,480 12,480 22,157 1,540 11,360 408,343 400,723 7,«20 13,753 42,388 4,984 22,844 21,557 1,248 1,000 13,324 166,818 104,375 102,264 2,111 2,073 3,700 1,300 18,821 16,061 2,760 8,660 34,280 9,660 9,660 21,955 1,976 14,188 6,440 7,748 8,123 8,123 5,523 258,961 2,080 8,239 40,423 24,207 218,964 215,664 3,300 9,996 31,524 2,104 2,725 24,384 18,016 378,253 56,304 10, 745 260 3,787 3,787 3,764 '""2," 825' 402,982 400,228 2,754 7,896 9,404 2,492 40,809 17,703 200 4,476 67,723 29,684 29,363 321 2,099 728 10,365 9,855 500 4,701 47,601 3,849 9,696 624 7,946 5,450 2,496 2,553 2,553 2,583 88,181 4,907 173 83,274 10, 144 116, 787 116,287 500 16,592 36,522 395 1,408 522 3,981 13,283 164,950 34,669 84,671 16,793 169, 170 165, 498 3,672 32,221 3,859 31,099 14,994 83,149 4,948,181 4,880,756 67,425 120,141 409,054 25,636 424,469 308,048 9,690 8,475 55,007 953, 715 270,620 248,197 22,423 32,755 10,407 17, 137 187,546 180, 582 6,964 105,004 988,465 596 174, 114 140,209 33, 903 103, 812 29,001 113, 144 78,330 34,814 93,348 91,422 1,926 50, 773 5,775,092 5,059 4,241 56,371 1,834 68,110 127, 733 1,843 1,456,696 1,403,907 52,789 67,218 162,443 66,126 31,794 8,858 181,629 224, 155 6,718,576 415,488 2,224 2,442 2,442 50 8,212 922 222 70O 27,925 780 3,916 2,584 837 9,290 8,290 1,000 1,365 2,479 2,479 3,650 50 9,201 3,517 5,684 26,514 900 100 6,816 6,816 2,121 224,608 1,560 627 2,338 8,783 77,223 150 11,075 1,477,135 2,887 1,250 330 20,138 19,193 945 4,149 2,537 1,500 919 14. 490 11,627 2,863 2,182 4,968 405 48,244 3,560 1,936 284 172 43. 491 9,295 8,705 590 320 877 1,580 8,566 6,690 1,876 102 4,695 4,255 440 6,007 1,683 21,649 8,129 13,620 5,686 5,510 76 6,365 916 100 1,083 1,092 291 660 12,648 360 10,455 10,405 60 2,590 1,700 1,304 600 62 138 61,406 23,111 * Same number reported throughout the year. 1,958 381 2,768 2,743 25 466 103 407 292 1,110 31,159 30,398 761 1,958 10,098 298 6,416 9,148 252 148 3,316 24,920 13,619 12,276 1,343 381 6,368 6,047 311 8,228 13,665 45 847 749 98 1,131 6,036 4,399 1,637 2,363 2,313 60 454 326,976 177 92 1,673 481 6,840 14,488 120 43,226 42,427 799 1,570 31,465 3,246 771 7,246 9,265 234, 182 10,736 WiWiIi 58,539 19,221 129,352 126, 497 2,855 89,761 2,752 33,855 74,284 205,703 14,639,124 14,474,437 164,687 160,344 1,349,314 ' 39,597 1,507,982 177,888 30,022 15,783 1,230,673 6,234,258 1,887,874 1,646,030 242,844 113,368 3,066 37,378 360,201 333,669 16,632 94,904 946,818 4,601 645,397 632,864 12,643 226,431 43,973 624, 767 462,668 162,199 312,688 309,429 3,259 76,297 12,601,564 4,701 16,420 79, 963 4,387 1,186,969 3,922,505 7,086 2,084,239 2,061,110 23,129 122,260 103,060 459,969 80,008 8,487 2,011,433 384,335 10,124,128 1,140,774 11,806 807 8,644 8,266 1,635 316 977 7,673 3,502 103,475 100,920 2,555 7,270 4,883 2,716 48,926 137,739 196 316 8,640 86,251 18,678 16,646 2,032 2,766 675 2,089 13,864 13, 181 673 4,446 69,298 114 7,036 5,573 1,462 3,014 1,674 12,426 9,416 3,009 2,149 2,107 42 1,116 431,416 999 12 2,692 545 8,628 36,676 799 108,660 104,723 3,937 4,691 188,647 24,670 1,997 49,143 172, 447 40,623 19,023 216, 910 61,494 457,920 448, 420 9,500 173,270 13,710 99,753 120,943 373,086 22,836,073 22,662,932 273, 141 358, 167 1, 980, 464 84,119 2,626,106 740,683 60,500 37,078 1,426,448 7,666,426 2,825,252 2,524,119 301, 133 175, 118 27,699 84,467 766,821 731,027 35, 794 223,866 2,075,637 8,420 1,002,460 936,830 66,630 471,696 111, 779 980,226 716, 486 264, 740 491, 072 479, 772 11,300 192, 466 22, 121, 711 ' 18, 727 33, 489 225,270 15,772 1,583,481 4,425,824 19,873 4,691,369 4,598,992 92,377 275, 660 768, 854 628,644 146,276 22,921 2,419,005 923,032 22,397,866 1,903,971 146,566 31, 466 319,924 313,667 6,267 81,974 10,642 64, 921 38,986 163, 880 8,093,474 7, 987, 675 105, 899 190, 553 626,257 41,806 1,069,198 425,056 20,283 20, 979 187, 136 2,336,916 918, 70O 862, 443 66,267 58,996 23,958 46,000 402, 766 384, 177 18, 689 124, 516 1,069,521 3,705 350,028 297,403 62,625 242,261 66, 132 343,034 243,502 99,532 176,236 168,236 7,999 116,064 9,088,742 13,027 17,067 142,715 10,840 387,994 466,644 11,988 2,498,470 2,433,159 65,311 148, 709 477, 157 144,005 63,271 14,165 368,429 366, 250 12,233,214 744,174 zec^ by, Microsou® mberTeportea for one or more otner mon 863 42 381 376 5 20 30 44 436 348 4,369 4,273 96 161 3,769 70 445 1,277 3 42 450 3,456 2,522 2,285 237 141 21 121 695 654 41 97 1,377 25 183 120 63 48 190 338 206 132 944 934 10 17 64,404 139 3 150 14 973 6,025 6 4,661 4,583 78 311 490 1,560 127 10 1,996 456 74,333 3,407 636 75 250 1,372 1,320 52 295 185 185 3,205 50 2 925 145 196 ■■42' 26 347 2,687 2,212 1,^77 235 123 16 14 546 102 100 2 18 110 200 200 290 20 278 273 5 20 23 44 66 98 2,794 2,768 26 161 223 20 392 279 3 113 43 248 240 21 665 10 339 309 30 97 702 60 "56' "i32' 77 60 17 440 440 373 373 26,923 50 718 738 66 789 34,084 90 20 2,491 1,732 1,724 8 235 466 1,330 84 810 785 26 18 1,626 410 51,091 1,897 40 1,308 158 60 20,762 505 79 70 9 48 50 244 140 104 35 25 10 15 ;,397 25 2 180 2,007 6 2,036 1,990 45 58 5 95 38 7 310 5 1,172 847 85 162 378 370 507 3 596 5 442 18 15,323 666 666 360 477 1 months. ' None reported for one or more other months. 548 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. Table 34.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INBUSTKT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE E AENEKS— DEC. 15 , OB NE AE- EST EEPRESENTATIVE DAY Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, SU- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 3S Marble and stone work Marble and stone work, other than slate. Roofing and other slate products. Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Paper and wood pulp Paper exclusively PuJp exclusively Paper and pulp Patent medicines and compounds . . . Photo.engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job Job work only Book publishing and printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job prmting. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat packing establisnments. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Repair work Small boats Masts, spars, oars, and rigging... Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing . Sporting and athletic goods Stoves and ranges Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified. , Trunks and valises..- Vinegar and cider Vinegar , Cider , Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Woolen and worsted goods All other industries * 137 133 4 6 53 10 77 11 31 6 105 18 10 74 57 138 2,087 1,790 297 86 173 2 10,696 659 1,206 8,831 163 6 17 614 686 28 1,610 758 147 117 340 17 657 157 40 255 345 93 277 23 15 1,826 8,287 5,909 148 148 4 101 97 4 121 24 16 77 4 4 26 144 25 20 145 185 399 31 38 330 21 1 27 12 15 134 56 74 4 1 6 88 375 100 7 7 43 169 1,833 1,555 278 70 102 1 10,033 590 1,132 8,311 99 6 11 443 435 8 1,265 648 617 114 92 242 13 617 115 29 214 242 68 219 6 4 2 299 7,998 5,106 My 1,938 Je 3 299 Je 81 Au 140 De8 2 Ap 644 Se 1,222 Jy 8,602 S?^ 136 Jes Mhs 449 10 Mh Mh 704 637 No 3 No' Mh My J7 Oc Ja Ja No Ocs iJh Mh 148 140 301 16 713 122 37 224 249 79 300 Oc No 3 Fe Fe 15 6 2,014 De 8, 432 De 942 De De De3 0) 219 54 75 De 417 De 951 De 8,177 Au 56 De Oc 417 Oc3 6 Au Jy 568 577 No a Jya No Ap3 No My Je3 Jy De De Oc 77 50 184 10 391 110 24 174 235 66 155 Jy3 Ja3 Se 1,417 Se 204 Au 7,338 1,876 1,609 267 75 106 1 10,161 598 1,236 8,327 132 12 464 447 7 625 41 10 479 134 87 243 15 638 121 35 219 247 60 200 11 5 6 1,699 410 8,651 1,871 1,604 267 60 102 1 9,630 521 1,236 7,873 37 8 325 320 5 709 324 40 10 475 133 87 240 15 114 121 31 218 185 60 175 11 S 6 1,538 316 6,565 531 77 454 95 4 126 124 2 555 344 211 520 60 25 156 88 2,914 29 1 6 101 3,901,470 3,091,804 128,884 354,731 2,325 80,442,988 2,981,415 8,247,385 69,214,188 7,470 86,710 679,717 654,477 25,240 2,527,624 1,268,704 1,216,639 42,381 125,870 41,723 1,062,306 236,332 304,490 607,254 14,230 819,533 193,441 32,474 407,871 161,386 256,643 726,224 42,224 33,112 9,U2 3,169,286 1,063,041 20,016,638 16,197,279 • Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts 2 Babbitt metal and solder 1 Bags, paper , not including those made in paper mills 2 Belting, leather 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 3 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cement. 1 Charcoal 1 Cheese 1 Chemicals 2 Clothing, horse Coffee, roasting and grinding Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese Cordage and twine Dental goods, other than teeth Dyeing and nnishlng textiles Enameling Engraver's materials Envelopes Explosives Felt goods Fireworks 1 Flavoring extracts 8 Fur goods 1 Furnishing goods, men's 5 Furs, dressed 1 Galvanizing 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Grease and tallow,not including lubri- cating greases 6 Grindstones - 1 Hair work 2 Hammocks ' Hand stamps Hardware Hats, tur-f elt House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified Instruments, professional and scien- tific Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills , Lapidary work 3 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MAINE. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 549 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. aerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines .2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 197,164 73,464 23,700 6,976 11,491 820,214 89,800 95,985 634,429 27,200 40,777 40,152 625 138,968 48,926 83,823 4.219 6,350 34,116 6,400 12,125 15,591 24,200 6,524 750 34,770 3,700 6,848 32,130 312 312 85,726 26,763 370,535 472,061 $37,481 30,331 7,160 1,429 629,687 57,735 53,729 518,223 23,413 1,035 17,488 16,026 1,462 163, 717 83,675 78,262 1,780 988 1,147 11,994 3,378 2,248 6,368 27,367 5,902 350 24,649 10,437 6,399 33,768 48,871 9,944 118,349 608,204 $1,301,610 1,156,339 145,171 34,430 63,333 6,754,266 382,698 657,716 5,713,862 38,038 4,600 6,112 254,388 248,298 6,090 669,642 313,280 352,870 3,492 24,080 6,725 283,776 73,989 56,733 147,049 6,005 263,497 72,496 14,140 14S,206 147,779 49,262 126,703 2,558 1,991 667 804,961 150,707 4,072,100 2, 744, 785 $49,753 41,716 8,037 $9,126 9,126 720 5,859 216 552,997 34,129 87,200 431,668 2,299 492 1,400 25,787 25,362 425 41,714 14,176 26,603 935 3,690 696 4,372 1,558 676 2,005 134 1,850 1,880 100 860 57,480 2,695 54,786 180 17,207 14,292 2,916 33,190 12,350 5,588 15,262 107 7,618 5,684 613 1,221 25 137 1,167 10,395 1,084. 2,280 23,841 1,083 571 13,512 71,371 185,246 46,415 $20,831 17,219 3,612 1,335 4,666 438,423 29,146 57,772 351,506 1,831 48 477 4,240 4,152 88 13,857 5,562 8,208 87 760 10,480 2,049 5,034 3,333 64 3,968 2,101 153 4,045 34,742 2,029 2,287 229 137 92 23,554 6,789 122,363 93, 773 $484, 245 462,507. 21, 738 108, 634 177, 734 634 22,223,708 1,598,054 2,095,341 18,530,313 182,913 2,876 60,092 229,180 224,976 4,204 901,111 638,974 268,863 3,274 64,151 95,884 635,754 132,606 45,835 448,541 8,772 640,218 1,031,686 21,228 103,307 187,484 103,510 256,757 11,229 9,553 1,676 961,777 237, 730 10,330,093 8,061,372 $102,891 70,456 32,436 1,340 5,738 70 3,234,259 134,532 245,549 2,864,178 2,189 497 1,638 11,169 10,980 189 34,101 16,903 18, 198 1,429 1,797 10,363 3,699 766 5,638 7,954 6,476 811 7,772 2,319 7,079 6,088 502 412 90 5,514 6,117 493,023 328,478 $2,628,845 2, 261, 736 267,110 ■197,087 327,826 2,616 40,179,744 2,491,477 3,604,440 34,183,827 434,263 12,308 85,943 812,625 786,730 26, 895 2,804,477 1,620,612 1,151,552 32,313 128,502 123,031 1,192,866 283,349 131,057 756,234 22,226 1,170,666 1,247,441 63,182 361,435 473,410 205,650 448,658 27,941 22,233 5,708 2,208,464 531,373 17,531,470 16,999,447 $1,941,709 1,728,773 212,936 87, 113 144,353 1,911 14,721,777 758,891 1,163,550 12,799,336 249,151 8,936 24,213 672,276 660,774 21,602 965,735 874,491 29,039 62,922 25,360 646,759 147,044 84,466 302,055 13,194 622, 493 210,380 31,143 250,366 283,607 95,061 185,813 16,210 12,268 3,942 1,241,173 287,526 6,708,354 7,609,697 9,138 8,265 873 55 245 5 245, 121 10, 018 61, 040 184,063 64 138 450 441 9 1,286 651 715 27 73 1,270 448 434 343 45 107 139 37 208 344 908 200 77 123 5,714 1,328 14,570 7,175 7,090 85 95 49,077 3,880 3,871 41,326 35 100 4 4 302 127 676 122 41 21 196 86 325 30 20 10 4,762 985 6,606 6,367 231 231 10 10 2 276 182 30 696 102 180,382 6,138 47,055 127,189 150 651 85 85 799 11,463 3,447 1,717 929 788 55 139 6 15,652 114 16,538 29 377 9 732 249 483 419 240 123 20 64 144 39,065 681 2,326 38,048 179 173 16 16 4 '152 76 170 1,956 523 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 18 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 39 " Same number reported for one or more other months. ' None reported for one or more other months. s Same number reported throughout the year. Lasts 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 3 Millinery and lace goods 1 Mineraland earths, ground 3 Models and patterns, not including paperpatterns 3 Musicahnstruments, organs 1 Musicalinstruments, pianos 1 Nets and seines 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Opticalgoods 1 Faints 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Plated ware 1 Plumber's supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Pottery 1 Pulp goods 1 Puljjwood 6 Refrigerators 2 Sand and emery paper and cloth 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 2 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 1 Soap 1 Stamped ware 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and eleotrotyping 1 Structuralironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Surgical appliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 5 Toys and games l Upholstermg materials, excelsior 1 Varnishes l Window and door screens 1 Wirework ; 2 Wool pulling 3 Wool shoddy 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 550 MANUFACTURES— MAINE. Table 34.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTEY. Num- ber o£ estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EAKNER3 DEC. 15, OE NEAB- EST EEPEESENTATTVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried oflS- cers, su- perln- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Hale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 POKTT.ATTD— All industries. . Artificial stone products 296 6,213 ■ 181 282 349 204 5,197 My 5,379 De 4,913 5,420 4,284 1,102 24 10 »13,991,527 2 3 16 5 4 3 3 28 6 4 14 10 4 6 19 5 8 4 7 6 3 31 10 3 4 3 4 99 15 81 22 69 383 91 217 46 286 188 149 39 61 39 574 103 268 23 35 30 6 286 259 222 28 9 14 3,127 4 9 5 2 ■■■25' 3 7 15 4 8 1 1 1 S 6 ""2 1 10 70 17 46 362 84 180 35 267 162 132 30 40 23 466 80 228 20 24 16 6 211 167 144 23 Au Au» Jy 0C8 Se De De Mh 14 74 23 48 408 109 195 38 330 No Ja" Fe Jy Je Je Ja» De» De 6 64 11 43 264 70 166 34 198 10 67 19 45 375 110 203 34 258 166 134 32 41 27 482 75 229 21 23 25 6 216 167 144 23 10 66 14 23 208 19 162 34 37 93 70 23 40 27 478 75 229 21 23 11 6 165 112 100 12 13,950 70,124 16,600 39,978 377,509 87,956 213,916 44,598 214,817 410,405 361,524 4S,881 51,907 181,065 1,901,426 192,342 488,467 23,944 68,538 24,189 7,470 276,528 476,224 404,977 29,747 41,500 6,055 8,803,529 .1 ■■■"4" 21 163 91 38 1 1 1 4 4 Awnings, tents, and sails 5 6 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. 7 11 4 7 6 11 9 S 4 3 5 38 6 17 2 2 2 3 5 ....„ 1 4 4 4 2 3 43 12 13 1 5 3 2 1 4 6 1 5 1 4 19 4 9 7 Boxes and cartons, paper 8 9 Bread and other bakery products Carriages , wagons , and repairs Clothing, women's 1 2 10 221 72 63 9 1 11 Confectionery and ice cream 1 1 12 13 Confectionery and chewing gum . Ja Je Au De = Au Je Se No Au Se» Jy 145 34 45 27 501 87 249 25 33 25 6 222 De Ap3 My« Mh Fe Mh Ja Ja» Au 105 27 36 19 429 74 206 15 20 12 6 198 14 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture lb i6 17 1 3 18 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 19 20 Mineral and soda waters 2 5 2 1 21 Patent medicines and compounds. . . 14 •n 23 24 Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodocals. PnTiti"g R,"d pilhli-shing , 22 3 ■ ■■3' ....„ 56 18 12 8 1 3 21 56 52 4 14 21 18 1 2 48 51 44 7 2 4 1 2.5 Ap 146 23 ^I 142 23 26 27 Printing, publishing, and job printing. PubUshing, without printing Tobacco, cigars 4 ?H 10 2,673 Jy3 12 Mh« 8 11 2,810 9 2,422 2 375 29 120 171 107 6 7 1 * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts Babbit metal and solder Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Boot and shoe cut stock Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Brick and tile Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning and preserving, flsh Canning and preserving, vegeta- bles 3 Canning and preserving, oysters 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials 1 'Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop constmction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Clothing, men's 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertaker's goods 1 Cooperage 2 Druggist's preparations 4 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Flavoring extracts 6 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 2 Grindstones 1 Hair work 2 Handstamps 1 Hardware 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. AUBUEN Augusta Bangoe BiDDEFORD. . Lewiston. . . Samfoed WAtebville 122 65 5,247 2,379 1,517 5,221 6,506 3,557 2,207 116 48 81 47 67 30 31 134 46 96 33 90 21 60 123 26 44 13 35 33 21 4,811 2,231 1,200 5,054 6,222 3,430 2,062 Mh Ja Au Oc Fe No De 5,322 2,446 1,262 5,290 6,577 3,589 2,157 Jy 4,246 Au 2,094 De 1,093 Je 4,884 No 5,741 ■"/ 3,259 Ap 2,001 4,953 2,246 1,202 6,086 6,336 3,467 2,209 3,424 1,510 1,027 3,381 3,418 2,116 1,390 1,509 702 175 1,552 2,824 1,244 748 » Owned power only. $6,020,146 6,069,015 3,459,463 8,144,023 15,162,212 5,736,258 5,469,583 ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MAINE. 551 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1516,756 $466,401 $3,070,663 $142,017 $167,968 $108,634 $7,658,646 $369,175 $14,704,879 $6,677,068 8,300 4,060 150 42 4,048 1,156 1 260 4,437 64,125 7,846 22,496 216,162 33,684 108,655 22,746 89,470 66,752 46,938 19,814 28,464 11,703 285,604 52,632 169,228 15,874 12,962 7,205 4,600 133,422 124,392 110,492 13,900 210 7,818 1,348 1,468 4,600 970 18,553 3,375 5,707 8,640 3,680 4,960 4,964 2,533 5,379 2,464 17,523 420 1,680 900 492 13,562 12,294 10,534 1,155 606 729 42, 449 128 350 72 242 2,656 944 1,640 464 1,131 4,082 3,767 315 358 1,218 9,503 1,179 3,375 176 2,061 207 48 1,712 2,716 2,486 149 82 1,577 72,796 3,380 14,638 29,045 28,522 497,580 37,485 350,030 19,071 188,719 472,801 371,852 100,949 45,631 372,796 785,654 102,571 480,324 9,020 82,249 47,181 2,875 112,968 93,461 86,960 4,464 3,027 9,992 3,872,664 148 1,502 372 463 6,432 1,656 10, 160 1,068 3,014 7,524 5,915 1,609 826 2,894 37,276 3,891 4,042 447 1,568 294 497 5,721 10,606 9,784 821 11,390 100,601 66,100 76,861 843,394 96,321 616,238 59,643 388,725 692,212 528, 113 164,099 117,192 428,629 1,341,352 230,675 796,132 31,068 112,975 93,536 12,308 418,429 453,931 406,169 28,467 19,305 21,202 7,706,966 7,862 84,461 26,683 47,876 •339,382 57,180 256,048 39,614 196,992 211,887 150,346 61,541 70,736 52,940 518,423 124,213 311,766 21,601 29,158 46,061 8,936 299,740 349,875 310,416 23,182 16,278 11,178 3,566,547 10 75 6 31 136 40 104 18 47 214 162 52 14 220 1,093 225 899 10 53 3 6 217 255 238 17 10 75 6 31 61 40 62 18 47 154 102 52 14 170 984 50 64 10 38 3 6 217 63 36 17 79 34' i' 171 171 ? 2,600 3 50 4 19,367 20,696 3,360 13,340 4,820 17,295 12,200 6,180 7,020 5,000 4,336 69,408 8,496 23,234 2,106 1,500 1,800 3,764 7,908 2,018 3,380 619 8,976 6,203 3,707 2,496 1,241 3,820 40,287 15,942 19,881 H 76 a 7 42 f) 9 11,014 in 60 60 11 1' 1? 240 14 60 90 175 785 1*1 2,500 8,647 900 19 16 17 50 18 10 1,418 6,480 50O 180 15 ■fl 'I 27,281 23,998 19,862 1,200 2,936 14,526 68,323 66,667 600 1,056 12,678 21,329 12,038 91 202 202 ?4 ■>'i Oft 9,291 07 5,760 1,603,464 32 268,764 OSf 256,029 251,366 83,979 4rfi24 2,608 81 1,936 871 29 Hosiery and knit goods 1 House-tumishing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Jewelry 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 1 Xumber and timber products 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Musical instruments, organs 1 Paints 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Pickles and sauces 2 Plated ware 1 Plumber's suppUes, not elsewhere specified 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat packing establishments 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 2 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Stamped ware 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Steam packing 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces -1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolhng nulls 2 Surgical appliances 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 2 Trunks and valises 2 Window and door screens 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $227,394 98, 893 125,548 121,435 187,776 101,218 56,840 $301,897 61,100 100,601 58,360 100,279 33, 720 67,664 $2,854, 1,071, 734, 2,188, 2,919, 1, 896, 1,036, 701 $8,613 $14,392 417 286 18,582 474 24,977 32,935 464 322,872 9,176 im 1,894 11,764 468 192,300 13,811 746 23,394 6,341 $38,615 36,929 36, 737 121,302 140,146 35, 703 40,613 $8,605,824 2,879,106 1,888,981 5,443,259 5,771,886 4,859,499 2,071 528 $79,994 101,205 62,692 168,020 248,164 192, 604 89,927 $13,839,604 4,917,954 3,557,390 9,536,381 10,619,046 8,299,801 4,011,771 $5, 153, 786 1,937,643 1,605,717 3,925,102 4,598,995 3,247,698 1,850,316 4,411 9,639 2,356 20, 703 21,879 6,237 5,319 1,148 1,446 1,304 13,437 3,296 2,180 248 30 19 815 6,509 502 6,962 17,214 700 3,364 7 163 7,497 2,300 1,040 462 > Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MARYLAND. By Maude M. Hakrison. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Maryland, one of the thirteen original states, with a gross area of 12,327 square miles, of which 9,941 represent land surface, ranks forty-first in size among the states of the Union. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,188,044, and in 1910, 1,295,346, and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,341,000. In total population Maryland ranked twenty-seventh among the states in 1910; and in den- sity of population it ranked seventh, with 130.3 inhab- itants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 119.5. The census of 1910 was the first to show an excess of urban population — that is, the population residing in incorporated places having 2,500 or more inhabitants — over rural population in Maryland; the percentages represented by the urban and rural portions of the population in that year being 50.8 and 49.2, respec- tively. There were in' the state in 1 9 1 4 four cities, each with an estimated population of more than 10,000 — ■ Baltimore, Cumberland, Frederick, and Hagerstown. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 47.7 per cent of the estimated total population of Maryland, reported 61.6 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. Baltimore alone,with 580,000, had 43.2 per cent of the total estimated popu- lation of the state in 1914, and reported 67 per cent of the total value of manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 1,430, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 645. In addi- tion, Chesapeake Bay, with approximately two-thirds of its 200 miles of length lying within the limits of Maryland, constitutes a factor of great importance in the transportation facilities of the state. The bay also provides excellent fishing ground and affords oppor- tunity for oyster culture whic'irperhaps is not equaled elsewhere in the world. In 1908 Maryland stood first among the states in quantity of oysters taken. The total value of farm crops produced during tlie year 1909 was $43,920,149, of which $11,015,298 was contributed by corn and $9,876,480, by wheat. The value of merchandise exported through the Maryland customs district during the fiscal year 1914 was $109,690,231, and of merchandise imported, $34,489,494. Very nearly all the foreign trade of the district passes through the port of Baltimore. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Mary- land's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $377,749,078, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 111,585. In that year the state ranked fourteenth in the former respect and fifteenth in the latter. The corresponding ranking for each item in 1909 was fifteenth. The out- put of manufactured products in Maryland in 1914 represented 1.6 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the corresponding pro- portion for 1909 was 1.5 per cent and for 1904, 1.6 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUTACTDEING INDUSTRIES. 1911 1909 1904 1899 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged .- . . . Proprietors and firm members . . , Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 4,797 131,391 5,005 14,801 111,585 263,753 S293,210,925 71,801,109 18,008,770 63,792,339 3,223,268 11,476,901 238,971,973 377,749,078 138,777,105 4,837 125,489 5,376 12,192 107,921 218,244 $251,226,828 59,052,718 13,616,889 45,435,829 3,278,207 8,783,915 199,048,905 316,669,150 116,620,246 3,862 107,303 4,505 8,624 94,174 166,449 $201,877,966 44,988,240 8,843,996 36,144,244 2,543,602 < 2, 203, 099 150,024,066 243,376,996 93,351,930 P) 6,741 94,170 132,052 $149,155,313 39,259,617 6,845,088 32,414,429 m 129,364,412 211,076,143 81,721,731 -0.8 4.7 -6.9 21.4 3.4 20.8 16.7 21.6 32.3 18.4 -1.7 30.7 20.1 19.7 19.0 25.6 16.9 19.3 41.4 14.6 31.9 24.4 31.3 54.0 25.7 28.9 32.7 29.7 24.9 -0.9 27.9 m 26.3 36.3 14.6 29.2 11.5 16.0 15.3 14.2 » A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. > Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. * Exclusive of internal revenue. While the manufacturing industries of the state show increases for the three five-year periods presented in the table, the greatest growth occurred during the period 1904-1909. The only decreases shown are for Digitized by the number of estabHshments, proprietors and firm members, and amount paid for contract work for the period 1909-1914. Microsoft® (553) 554 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. During the decade 1904-1914 the industries of Maryland, as measured by capital, number of wage earners, wages, value of products, and value added by manufacture, increased by 45.2 per cent, 18.5 per cent, 48.8 per cent, 55.2 per cent, and 48.7 per cent, respectively. The percentages of increase reported for the state during the five-year period 1909-1914 for value of products and value added by manufacture were 19.7 and 19, respectively; slightly more than the corre- sponding percentages for the United States, which were 17.3 and 15.8, respectively. The totals presented in the table do not include sta- tistics for an estabHshment operated by the Federal Government, the United States Naval Smokeless Powder Factory, located at Indian Head. In 1914 this plant employed an average of 434 wage earners, and the value of products was $948,104, as compared with 331 wage earners and products valued at $581,763 in 1909. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Tattle 2 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. CENSUS OF 19U. Wage earners. Average nimi- ber. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value ot products. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. PEE CENT or INCBEASE.l Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 AH industries.. Clothing, men's, including shirts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Canning and preserving Slaughtering and meat packing Fertilizers Cars and general shop construction and repans by steam-railroad com- panies liUmber and timber products Printing and publishing Foundry and machine-shop products. Flour-mill and gristmill products Bread and other bakery products Liquors, distilled, whisky and brandy. Liquors, malt Cotton goods Paper and wood pulp Clothing, women's Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Eats, straw Shipbuilding, including boat building Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Gas, illuminating and heating Furniture Confectionery Leather, tanned, curried, and finished . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Brushes Marble and stone work Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products Umbrellas and canes Ice, manufactured Glass Boots and shoes Carriages and wagons and materials. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass and bronze products .. Furnishing goods, men's Hosiery and knit goods Confectionery (ice cream). . . Paint and varnish SUk goods, including throwsters. . Paving materials Leather goods .- Mattresses and spriD g beds Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels. Woolen and worsted goods Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. . Butter and condensed milk All other industries 4,797 301 114 465 60 48 20 493 368 179 247 523 21 14 13 13 90 83 217 7 42 14 18 45 65 43 9 102 62 6 7 130 21 15 15 10 5 7 32 614 111,585 100.0 $377,749,078 100.0 $138,777,105 100.0 3.4 14.6 (') 19.7 29.7 15.3 19.0 24.9 14.2 18,062 7,712 8,640 1,292 1,991 6,969 6,115 4,173 4,423 473 2,038 274 1,073 3,424 1,586 3,026 1,063 3,212 2,173 2,468 169 1,234 1,998 1,442 440 332 559 990 1,721 484 532 1,184 596 723 905 392 661 1,077 265 146 874 548 244 244 259 349 61 13, 190 16.2 6.9 7.7 1.2 1.8 5.4 5.5 3.7 4.0 0.4 1.8 0.2 1.0 3.1 1.4 2.7 0.9 2.9 1.9 2.2 0.2 1.1 1.8 1.3 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.5 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 11.8 39,047,876 25, 491, 121 18,028,779 17,099,968 13,986,704 13,229,352 11,911,455 11,262,962 10,658,594 8,163,869 8,097,586 7,259,230 7,261,866 6,790,936 6, 149, 605 6,015,196 5,970,480 6,361,600 4,826,039 4,621,169 4,393,338 4,156,886 3, 784, 496 3,763,524 3,486,016 2,976,025 1,861,850 1,830,519 1,645,330 1,601,874 1,662,983 1,500,982 1,447,174 1,384,580 1,279,426 1,173,364 1,142,429 1, 115, 701 1,079,000 1,027,441 910, 882 888,399 813,209 784,037 696,790 2,914 650, 323 583,310 97,741,985 10.3 6.7 4.8 4.5 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 25.9 18, 449, 758 8, 774, 183 5,071,225 2,963,682 4,019,102 4,349,751 6,729,616 7,547,522 5,536,106 1,245,309 3,467,527 5,715,416 5,086,722 2,338,610 2,023,778 2, 719, 126 3,581,657 2,907,345 2,433,814 2,419,339 1,219,439 2,751,616 1,961,682 1,306,841 866, 106 617,976 810, 494 1,047,631 1,146,936 614, 502 1,141.422 1, 101, 439 622, 746 819,666 654,327 420, 127 530,979 472, 192 438, 748 357,931 487,367 504,663 355,293 338, 177 305,313 230,768 420,240 404,599 120, 160 20,339,249 13.3 6.3 3.7 2.1 2.9 3.1 4.1 6.4 4.0 0.9 2.6 4.1 3.7 1.7 1.5 2.0 2.6 2.1 1.8 1.7 0.9 2.0 1.4 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 14.7 -8.7 46.2 0.3 25.0 38.4 7.6 -12.7 23.2 -7.8 -6.5 3.9 -0.7 18.0 -13.7 27.0 14.6 -11.7 42.9 93.4 -6.8 84.0 14.6 11.6 36.0 14.0 -2.1 -8.0 16.0 -9.2 10.9 -0.7 23.9 39.7 22.9 3.8 -15.8 -0.8 20.9 23.6 37.5 0.9 -11.3 -12.8 10.0 6.6 63.4 9.0 -15.5 7.6 -13.1 0.8 6.8 50.8 31.5 25.0 44.6 46.0 -1.8 34.7 -11.0 -11.9 17.9 36.4 27.5 23.0 25.7 38.2 7.6 43.9 82.5 6.0 99.8 45.9 57.5 36.8 32.3 13.1 26.6 33.1 108.9 14.6 5.3 48.5 36.2 14.7 20.4 32.3 -11.0 7.2 21.0 25.8 13.9 13.1 6.5 1.1 20.1 -3.3 27.3 19.0 49.1 15.6 43.8 40.1 36.0 48.3 12.6 1.8 28.0 -8.1 -1.6 38.4 35.7 23.4 64.9 26.2 31.6 5.9 46.6 92.6 -3.8 127.1 65.2 23.0 39.6 28.6 14.2 19.7 260.7 12.4 10.1 91.7 38.1 26.3 41.2 -3.7 45.2 •10.8 66.6 16.2 16.1 13.3 -2.4 22.7 46.8 12.6 -42.4 -1.9 14.0 50.6 37.6 48.7 -36.3 169.2 7.7 -8.3 -6.6 56.6 14.5 -32.0 109.7 -18.6 49.2 -12.2 65.6 "33.4' -4.2 22.0 22.1 16.7 -1.8 44.3 27.9 52.6 29.0 13.0 -25.9 31.0 59.7 66.7 -24.6 64.4 -22.2 146.6 61.6 -2.8 94.1 39.2 361.1 10.3 11.0 16.8 34.9 9.0 62.2 '55.'6 55.6 43.6 172.7 6.1 12.1 -31.9 66.5 97.4 70.4 -28.7 58.8 -38.8 84.0 68.9 -4.0 74.4 27.8 100.6 '"7."4 18.3 ie.'? 3.2 40.4 24.8 24.8 'So.'i -6.8 49.9 12.5 38.5 40.3 62.1 8.1 83.3 -12.5 -2.9 52.9 44.6 29.8 40.0 75.9 15.8 103.3 5.7 7.1 58.0 37.4 21.9 31.3 '86.8 34.6 100.0 6.2 -4.5 32.3 79.0 28.7 5.4 -20.0 36.3 104.7 -42.0 16.7 23.0 41.0 -20.8 -63.0 28.4 4.1 49.9 66.8 27.6 -4.8 -10.4 72.0 136.2 -26.7 23.1 49.8 67.6 -11.7 -36.7 85.2 42.8 32.9 32.4 -0.6 0.3 66.5 132.4 -19.0 12.8 29.9 61.8 -19.0 -48. 152.1 14.2 33.4 -30.2 274.3 2.5 77.9 -25.2 23.2 -19.8 -25.4 13.8 -15.2 -12.9 58.2 10.7 -22.1 7.5 12.8 3.1 26.1 -19.3 9.5 -23.4 12.9 35.2 -3.8 vlO.9 47.0 87.5 34.3 19.0 77.1 11.5 30.4 0.8 124.0 19.7 -18.6 30.0 17.8 -14.0 22.1 -23.4 28.4 77.5 19.9 4.6 26.0 -26.2 48.9 -14.0 -7.7 4.9 8.3 -11.8 not bf liwS**^^^ ^"^^ ^^^^ ™ *^"^ ™ ^*'''° ^^'' ^ ™""^ ^'^ '■"'' ^^°^^^ decrease; percentages are omitted where 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 555 Separate statistics are presented for 49 industries, or industry groups, for each of winch products valued at more than $580,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding $25,000,000 in value, 7 with products between $10,000,000 and $25,000,000, 9 with products be- tween $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 22 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 9 with prod- ucts between $580,000 and $1,000,000. Among those included imder the head of "all other industries" are the following which have products in excess of those shown in the table,. but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibiUty of disclosing the operations of individual estabMshments : Babbitt metal and solder; bags, other than paper; bags, paper, not including bags made in paper nulls; baking pow- ders and yeast; cars, steam-raihoad, not including operations of railroad companies; cement; chemicals; cordials and flavoring sirups; drug grindiag; iron and steel, blast furnaces; iron and steel, steel works and TolUng mills; musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials; nets and seines; petroleum, refining; smelting and refining, copper; sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids; tin plate and terneplate; tobacco, chew- ing and smoking; and upholstering materials. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of prod- ucts, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Clothing, men's, including shirts, the leading industry of the state, was the only one which ranked the same in all three respects. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products ranked second in value of products and in value added by manufacture, but third in average number of wage earners. Canning and preserving, third in value of products, was second in average niunber of wage earners and eighth in value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing, fourth in value of products, was nineteenth in average number of wage earners and thirteenth in value added by manufac- ture. Fertilizers, fifth in value of products, was fif- teenth ia average n^unber of wage earners and tenth in value added by manufacture. In rank, according to value of products, there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, clothing, men's, including shirts; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; canning and preserving; and slaughtering and meat packing, held the same rank at both censuses. Fertilizers; cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-raiLroad companies; lumber and timber products; printing and publishing; and foundry and machine-shop products, ranking fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth, respectively, in 1914, were eighth, tenth, fifth, eleventh, and sixth, respectively, in 1909. For many of the remaining in- dustries changes from census to cens] Clothing. — This classification covers the making of men's and boys' ready-made clothing and of overalls, workmen's aprons, bathing suits, imiforms, the manu- facture of shirts, shirt bosoms, and shirt waists for men and boys, and the making of all kinds of ready- made clothing for women, as suits, cloaks, dresses, shirt waists, undergarments, etc. Exclusive of the establishments engaged in the manufacture of shirts, for which this data are not available, the industry em- braces 194 establishments using purchased materials and 149 that made clothing from materials furnished by others. Detailed statistics for the manufacture of clothing, which is by far the most important industry of the state, are shown in Table 38. The two branches, men's clothing and women's clothing, furnished em- ployment in 1914 to an average of 21,088 wage earners and turned out products valued at $45,063,070. These figures represent 18.9 per cent and 11.9 per cent, re- spectively, of the totals for the state. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the number of wage earners decreased 6 per cent, but the value of products and value added by manufacture increased 9.2 per cent and 17.5 per cent, respectively. In 1909 and 1914 Maryland ranked fifth among the states in the manufactm-e of clothing. It ranked fourth in both 1909 and 1914 in the production of men's clothing, while the rank of women's clothing advanced from eighth place in 1909 to seventh in 1914. Baltimore is the center of the industry, 90.3 per cent of the estabUshments in the state being located there, and the value of clothing produced in this city formed 98.7 per cent of the total reported for the state. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. — ^This industry, second in importance in the state, includes establish- ments which manufacture stamped and enameled ware and tinware. There was a marked growth in the in- dustry for the five-year period 1904-1909, due largely to the increased production of stamped and enameled This branch of the industry together with tin- ware. ware also accounted for the continued growth of the industry for the later five-year period, when the value of products reported increased $8,581,674, or 50.8 per cent. During the same period the average number of wage earners increased 2,437, or 46.2 per cent, and the value added by manufacture, $2,672,885, or 43.8 per cent. Canning and preserving. — ^This classification covers the canning and preserving of fruits, vegetables, fish, and oysters, and the manufacture of pickles, preserves, and sauces. The canning and preserving of fruits and vegetables formed the most important branch of the industry in Maryland in 1914, constituting 97.1 per cent of the value of products reported for the entire industry. During the five-year period 1909-1914, whale the average mmiber of wage earners increased only three-tenths of 1 per cent, the value of products /l/feit"0®©^(SHded by manufacture showed decided 556 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. increases, 31.5 per cent and 40.1 per cent, respec- tively. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^This industry, em- bracing not only establishments doiag wholesale slaughtering and meat packing but also those engaged primarily in the manufacture of sausage, ranked fourth among the industries of Maryland in 1914. During the decade 1904-1914 the average number of wage earners increased 730, or 129.9 per cent, the value of products, $10,251,995, or 149.7 per cent, and value added by manufacture, $2,003,256, or 208.6 per cent. The growth of the industry during the five-year period 1909-1914, while not so great as for the decade 1904- 1914, or the five-year period 1904-1909, stdl shows decided increases for all items presented in the table. Fertilizers. — ^The manufacture of fertilizers, the in- dustry fifth in importance in the state, has developed rapidly since 1869, when 15 estabhshments reported a value of products amounting to $632,352. In 1914 there were 48 es.tabHshment3 engaged in this industry which employed an average of 1,991 wage earners and which had a value of products amounting to $13,986,704. During the five-year period 1909-1&14 the average number of wage earners increased 552, or 38.4 per cent, the value of products, $4,313,918, or 44.6 per cent, and the value added by manufacture, $1,309,041, or 48.3 per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. — This industry represents mainly repair work done in the car shops of steam- railroad companies, although there may be some new construction of rolling stock. In 1914, measured by value of products, it held sixth place among the in- dustries of the state. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners in- creased 420, or 7.6 per cent, the value of products $4,170,096, or 46 per cent, and value added bymanu- factiu-e, $483,706, or 12.5 per cent. Lumber and timber products. — ^This industry includes logging camps, which produce logs and bolts for use in sawmills, and pulp wood for use in paper mills; mills which saw rough lumber, shingles, and cooper- age materials; planing mills which produce finished lumber, sash, doors, blinds, interior finish, and other millwork; and the manufacture of wooden packing boxes, and window and door screens. There was a decline in the industry for the 'five-year period 1909-1914. In 1914, as in 1909, the value of prod- ucts reported by the planing miUs formed the greatest proportion of the total value of products for the industry as a whole. Of the 493 estabhshments engaged in the combined industry, 42, principally box factories and planing mills, located in Baltimore, produced 42.6 per cent of the total value of products reported for the industry in the state. Printing and publishing. — ^The printing and pub- lishing of newspapers, books, and periodicals; job printing; bookbinding and blank-book making; en- graving, steel and copper plate, including plate printr ing; and Hthographing are included under this classic fication. The industry ranked eighth in the state in 1914 in regard to the value of products, seventh in the average number of wage earners, and third in value added bymanufacture. The value of products increased $2,903,183, or 34.7 per cent, during the five-year period 1909-1914. In 1914 Maryland held fifteenth place among the states in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture in this industry. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 All classes. Proprietors and officials ■ Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers . . . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average nmnber) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS- ENGAGED IN MANUPACTUB- ING INDUSTRIES. Cen- sus year. Per cent of . total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 131,391 125,489 8,464 8,574 95,356 91,239 36,035 34,250 72.6 72.7 27.4. , 27.3 1914 1909 8,191 8,321 273 253 96.8 97.0 3.2 3.0 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5,005 5,376 1,508 1,317 1,951 1,881 4,834 5,220 1,471 1,294 1,886 1,807 171 156 37 23 65 74 96.6 -97.1 97.5 98.3 96.7 96.1 3.4 2.9 2.5 1.7 3.3 3.9 1914 1909 11,342 8,994 8,861 7,345 2,481 1,649 7a 1 81.7 21.9 18.3 1914 1909 111,585 107,921 78,304 75,573 33,281 32,348 70.2 70.0 29. & 30. a 1914 1909 1914 1909 107,911 101,373 3,674 6,548 76,262 72,416 2,042 3,157 31,649 28,957 1,632 3,391 70.7 71.4 65.6 48.2 29.3 28.8 44.4 51.8 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 131,391, of whom 111,585, or 84.9 per cent,' were wage earners; 8,464 were proprietors and offi- cials; and 11,342 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years- of age and over, 76,262, or about 70 per cent, were males, and 31,649, or nearly 30 per cent, were females. Fig- ures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 38. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase, from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution for the two censuses. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 557 Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent o£increase,i 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 All classes 4.7 4.5 5.2 100.0 100.0 100. 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials -1.3 -6.9 14.5 3.7 26.1 3.4 6.4 -43.9 -1.6 -7.4 13.7 4.4 20.6 3.6 5.3 -35.3 7.9 9.6 6.4 3.8 1.1 1.5 8.6 84.9 82.1 2.8 6.8 4.3 1.0 1.5 7.2 86.0 80.8 5.2 8.6 6.1 1.5 2.0 9.3 82.1 80.0 2.1 9.1 5.7 1.4 2.0 8.1 82.8 79.4 3.6 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.2 6.9 92.3 87.8 4.5 0.8 Tropnetors and firm members 0.5 Salaried officers of corporations 0.1 Superintendents and managers 0.2 ClerlfS and other subordinate salaried employees 50.6 2.9 9.3 -51.9 4.8 Wage earners (average number) 94.4 84.5 Under 16 years of age 9.9 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exceptions of proprietors and firm members and wage earners under 16 years of age, in which groups there were decreases of 6.9 per cent and 43.9 per cent, respectively. The decrease in the number of proprietors and firm members is due primarily to changes in character of ownership, as shown by Table 18. A considerable number of establishments oper- ated by individuals or firms in 1909 were subsequently incorporated and their owners were reported in 1914 as salaried officers of corporations, superintendents, and managers. The lai^gest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 26.1 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners under 16 years of age represented only 2.8 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914, as against 6.2 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earlier census. (See '-'Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison accord- ing to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total.. 131,391 125,489 107,303 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.7 16.9 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees 5,006 14,801 111,585 6,376 12,192 107,921 4,505 8,624 94,174 3.8 11.3 84.9 1;? 86.0 4.2 8.0 87.8 -6.9 21.4 3.4 19.3 41.4 Wage earneis (average) 14.6 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. With the exception of proprietors and firm members for the period 1909-1914 each of the three classes shown in this table, as well as the total for all classes combined, shows increases for both ^Jwf^Q^'i^^, but the increases, both absolute and!^ relative, are much greater for the earlier than for the later period. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 All industries . Boxes, fancy and paper . Bread and other bakery products . Brick, tile, products. terraKiOtta, and fire-clay Canning and preserving . Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's . Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cotton goods Fertilizers. Foimdry and machine-shop products . Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Hats, straw Census 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.i 111,585 107,921 94, 174 905 684 2,038 1,962 1,721 1,946 8,640 8,613 6,969 6,649 18,062 19,784 3,026 2,641 1,442 1,573 ■ 7,712 5,275 3,424 3,966 1,991 1,439 4,423 4,798 1,998 1,856 1,234 476 1,184 1,062 2,173 1,694 1,077 1,022 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 68.3 67.1 67.4 38.7 25.4 84.0 86.7 98.5 90.5 35.2 34.6 99.1 38.2 43.2 26.1 21.0 37.9 33.2 76.6 72.6 60.1 41.6 99.5 99.2 97.4 97.4 98.9 94.9 99.4 100.0 81.3 85.5 37.0 33.6 22.9 18.8 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years otage. 28.4 52.3 64.6 12.9 7.7 4.7 58.5 51.9 0.4 0.3 68.8 61.5 73.0 76.9 51.4 49.2 16.4 16.2 43.0 42.5 0.6 0.8 2.3 1.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 3.3 6.1 6.9 9.1 20.0 3.2 6.6 1.5 4.8 6.2 13.5 0.1 0.1 3.0 6.4 0.9 2.0 10.7 17. S 7.0 11.3 6.9 15.9 0.4 0.8 0.6 4.7 0.5 6.7 58.0 60.4 73.4 65.3 ll.>8 7.9 4.9 6.0 3.7 15.9 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the aver- age number lor all industries, see "Explanation of terms." 558 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Table 6— Continued. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber. 1,073 909 6,115 7,003 990 1,465 1,586 1,249 1,053 1,193 4,173 3,386 2,468 1,793 874 655 1,292 1,034 24,942 24,914 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 99.9 98.5 96.6 91.3 9.2 90.5 87.5 38.7 35.2 83.0 80.9 99.4 98.4 36.5 29.6 99.1 99.7 75.5 77.1 Fe- male. 0.1 0.7 0.9 0.6 9.3 12.3 60.3 62.7 14.1 13.3 0.3 41.4 42.3 0.5 0.1 21.8 18.3 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.9 2.3 4.9 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 2.1 2.9 5.8 0.3 1.6 22.1 28.1 0.3 0.2 2.6 4.6 For all industries combined, the proportions which male and female wage earners 16 years of age and over represented of the totals show comparatively Httle variation during the 10 years, while the proportions which children under 16 years of age formed of the totals show a shght increase during the five-year period 1904-1909 but a decrease for the period 1909-1914. There was a decrease of 2,874 in the mmaber of children employed in the manufactures of the state during the five-year period 1909-1914. Of the 26 industries, for which separate figures are given in this table, 18 show increases from 1909 to 1914 in proportions of males and 16 increases in pro- portions of females, while in only 4, gas, illuminating and heating; glass; marble and stone work; and slaughtering and meat packing, were there increases in the proportions of children rnider 16 years of age. In 8 industries, boxes, fancy and paper; canning and preserving; clothing, men's, including shirts; cloth- ing, women's; confectionery; hats, straw; hosiery and knit goods; and patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations, women constituted more than one-half of the total wage earners in 1914. The largest proportions of females — almost 75 per cent — ^were employed in the manufacture of women's clothing and hosiery and knit goods. The highest proportions of children under 16 years of age were employed in the manufacture of sUk goods, 22.1 per cent; glass, 11.8 per cent; and confectionery, 10.7 per cent. The greatest number of children, however, was employed in the manufacture of men's clothing. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employad. in .each of .the four cities having more than 10,000 irflraflw fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 SEX AND AGE. Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN— Balti- more. Cumber- land. Fred- erick. Hageis- town. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 73,769 71,444 65,050 2,817 1,936 2,276 1,146 1,026 3,574 1,718 2,210 16 years of age and over: Male. 45,503 44,258 41,398 25,733 22,875 19,766 2,533 4,311 3,886 2,416 1,578 2,006 278 225 120 123 133 160 854 762 2,737 978 1,467 754 625 614 83 115 129 Female 278 166 Under 16 years of age. . . 14 OS Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over — Male 61.7 61.9 63.6 34.9 32.0 30.4 3.4 6.0 6.0 85.8 81.5 88.1 9.9 11.6 5.3 4.4 6.9 6.6 74.5 74.3 76.6 56. » 66.4 24.3 16.2 21 1 36.4 27.8 Under 16 years of age . 1.2 9.6 2 3 6.7 fi.8 Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS.! CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 yeara Male. Female. of age. Baltimore 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 13.4 3.3 9.8 23.8 45.5 -14.9 11.7 61.7 1C8.0 -22.3 9.9 2.8 6.9 20.4 53.1 -21.3 12.1 86.6 179.9 -33.3 30.2 12.5 15.7 131.7 23.6 87.5 67.5 22.8 20.6 1.8 -34.8 -41.2 10.9' -18.0' -7.5- -11.3 -35.7 -27.8. -10.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less, than 100. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greatly in excess of that for females- in every city. The only city in which tliis proportion fell below 70 per cent in 1914 was Baltimore. Every city showed decreases from 1909 to 1914 in both num- bers and proportions of wage earners imder 16 years of age. The largest increase in number and propor- tion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over from 1909 to 1914 was shown for Hagerstown. Cum- berland had the greatest proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over in 1914, 85.8 per cent.. In Baltimore, the largest city in the state, both in. respect to population and manufactures, the propor- lales 16 years of age and over formed of ¥e parners decreased shghtly from census. MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 559 to census, wliile that of females 16 years of age and over increased slightly. The proportion which chil- dren under 16 years of age constituted of the total wage earners remained the same for 1909 as for 1904, but decreased from 1909 to 1914. The greatest percentage of increase during the last five-year period and also for the decade 1904—1914 in the total number of wage earners is shown for Hagers- town and the next highest, for Cumberland. The employment of children under 16 years of age shows a relative decrease for each period in every city for which percentages are given, except Baltimore, for the five-year period 1904-1909. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January... February. March April May June July August September, October November. December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTUEraG INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 106,837 106, 899 108,456 110,167 110, 968 110,879 107, 202 123,844 134,437 118,633 101,335 99,363 1909 95,070 97,225 99,541 100, 753 103,000 105, 652 105, 116 124,505 133, 268 118,475 106,932 105,514 1904 83,104 81, 876 85,819 88,383 91,732 94,476 92, 272 111,171 118, 190 106, 826 89,559 86,680 Per cent of maximum. 1914 79.5 79.5 80.7 81.9 82.5 82.5 79.7 92.1 100.0 88.2 75.4 73.9 1909 71.3 73.0 74.7 75.6 77.3 79.3 78; 9 93.4 100.0 88.9 80.2 79.2 1904 70.3 69.3 72.6 74.8 77.6 79.9 78.1 94.1 100.0 90.4 75.8 73.3 1 The figures lor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those lor 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For each of the three census years presented in the table August, September, and October show the great- est activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for September for each year. This condition, for all industries combined, is largely due to the large num- ber of employees in the canning industries, whose season is practically covered by the three months named. The winter months represented the season of least activity, the mitiimum number appearing for December in 1914, January in 1909, and February in 1904. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 38,198, or 28.7 per cent of the maximum in 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the four cities having a population of more than 10,000 inhabitants. Of the selected industries, canning and preserving, which ranked third in value of products, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation in employment, the number of wage earners in March being only 6.5 per cent of the number in September. The greatest sta- bility of employment is shown for printing and pub- lishing, the minimum number forming 96.7 per cent of the maximum. Of the four cities, Frederick shows the greatest fluctuation, the minimum number forming 61.2 per cent of the maximum for the city. For no other city was the corresponding percentage less than 80. The most constant employment of wage earners appears for Baltimore, for which the per cent of the maximum was 91.1 ; for the other two cities — Cumber- land and Hagerstown — it was 84.5 and 83.8, respectively. Table 10 INDUaiRT AND CITT. All industries Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other bakery products — Brick, tile, terrarcotta, and fire-clay products Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raDroad com- panies Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products.. Cotton goods Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum emplojTnent for each industry is-indioated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Average number em- ployed during year. 111,585 905 2,038 1,721 8,640 18,062 3,026 1,442 7,712 3,424 1,991 4,423 1,998 1,234 1,184 2,173 1,077 1,073 6,115 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 106,837 907 1,9S9 1,347 2,064 6,310 19,913 3,041 1,479 7,195 3,414 1,930 4,677 2,015 1,164 1,357 2,438 1,152 1,047 6,090 Febru- ary. 106,899 1,948 l-SSS 2,236 6,474 19,882 3,187 1,504 7,463 3,430 2,033 4,601 2,105 1,068 1,361 2,449 1,106 1,048 6,041 March. 108, 456 903 1,996 1,393 5,706 19,774 3,258 1,608 7,816 3,386 2,367 4,603 2,101 1,247 1,350 2,425 1,179 1,040 6,281 April. 110, 167 938 2,010 1,998 2,956 5,672 19,437 3,169 1,442 7,667 3,725 2,647 4,474 2,069 1,323 1,318 2,438 1,193 1,040 6,521 May. 110,968 2,044 2,061 4,150 5,783 19, 172 3,096 1,375 7,964 3,379 2,031 4,663 2,064 1,459 1,317 2,399 1,216 1,078 6,616 June. 901 2,097 2,113 5,754 5,812 18,644 3,056 1,095 7,906 3,358 1,666 4,719 2,018 1,419 1,201 2,208 1,241 1,136 6,284 July. 107, 202 2,111 2,105 4,691 6,118 18,412 3,035 1,0^7 8,140 S,»4 1,735 4,677 1,876 1,241 1,020 6S0 1,024 1,143 6,139 A.ugust. 123,844 897 2,104 2,057 21,197 17,922 2,898 1,390 8,337 3,251 2,109 4,646 1,994 1,066 681 1,443 986 1,137 6,029 Septem- ber. 134,437 931 2,092 1,975 31,347 6,346 17,035 2,969 1,609 8,342 3,261 2,648 4,483 2,018 1,138 1,088 2,339 966 1,118 5,868 Octo- ber. 118,633 933 2,065 1,542 19,516 6,226 14,913 2,960 l,6iS 7,620 3,324 1,638 4,093 1,963 . 1,300 1,217 2,436 939 1,070 B,817 Novem- ber. 101,335 901 2,044 1,402 4,680 6,013 1L782 S,80S 1,635 7,105 3,552 Decem- ber. 818 2,016 1,336 3,060 e,07S 16,858 2,860 1,564 7,009 3,804 1,684 i.eoi 3,889 3,861 1,910 1,855 1,240 1,143 1,203 1,196 2,448 2,503 966 SOS 1,018 l,00i 6,943 5,861 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 73.9 87.2 91.9 62.6 6.5 78.4 74.2 86.0 60.9 84.0 84.2 56.8 81.8 88.1 73.1 42.7 22.0 73.0 87.7 89.2 Digitized by Microsoft® 560 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 'Table lO— Continued. mDUSTET AND CITY. WAGE EAENEBS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures. Average number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. Febru- ary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Septem- ber. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. Marble and stonework Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Total for cities. 990 1, 686 1,053 4,173 2,468 874 1,292 24,942 81,306 1,005 1,674 1,142 4,176 2,661 878 1,337 24,696 81,841 1,500 1.116 4', 156 2,271 917 1,344 24,419 82,398 997 1,576 1,094 4,172 2,555 947 1,313 25,540 81, 827 1,046 1,642 1,056 4,188 2,407 960 1,326 25,505 82, 190 1,009 1,623 1,053 4,192 2,439 906 1,309 83,307 1,042 1,549 1,023 4,158 2,618 853 1,280 25,729 82,190 1,011 1,548 1,010 4,147 2,681 911 1,262 25, 495 79,968 1,007 1,669 997 i,m 2,638 900 1,298 26,191 82,677 940 1,624 1,062 4,141 2,489 868 1,261 24,491 84,619 975 1,662 1,064 1,212 2,433 847 1,240 24,938 80,956 919 1,564 1,043 4,181 2,263 823 1,282 24,142 77,262 ,951 1,601 976 4,220 e,m. 678 1,252 113,106 78,eS7 88.8 90.3 86.5 96.7 81.0 70.6 92.3 90.2 90.6 Baltimoke ■cumbeeland. Frederick . . . Hagerstown. 73,769 2,817 1,146 3,674 74,088 2,960 1,069 3,734 74,605 2,880 1,053 3,860 74,240 2,815 1,039 3,733 74, 749 2,641 1,065 3,735 76, 812 2,636 1,097 -3, 762 74, 584 2,688 1,162 3,766 72,660 2,838 1,053 3,417 74, 862 2,864 1,591 3,380 76,571 2,874 1,538 3,633 73,360 3,071 1,124 3,401 69,972 2,951 1,007 3,332 69,7SB i,69e 974 s,ise 91.1 84.5 61.2 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 in- habitants. The number employed in each estabhsh- ment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in the table, for the state as a whole, and for the selected industries, emphasize the tend- ency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 50,651, or nearly one-half of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estabhsh- mients where the prevaiUng hours of labor were 60 or more per week, whereas only 38,114, or about one-third, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours were fewer than 60 per week increased from 57,270, or 53.1 per cent of the total for the state, in 1909, to 73,471, or 65.8 per cent of the total, in 1914. During the five-year period there was a decided increase in the proportion of the two classes working less than 54 hours per week. Among the separate industries, gas, illuminating and heating, shows the most pronoimced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 4.8 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabhsh- ments where the hours of labor were 60 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 95.1 per cent. A trend in the same direction is noted in the fertilizer, paper and wood pulp, and canning and preserving industries. In 1914, for all industries combined and for many of them separately, the greatest number of wage earners were employed in establishments in which the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week. Bakeries, canning and preserving, confectionery, cotton goods, fertiUzers, and silk goods reported more than half the niunber of their wage earners employed in establishments of this class. In only one industry, paper and wood pulp, were the work- ing hours for a majority of the wage earners more than 60 per week. Breweries and printing and pubHshing establishments reported the majority of their wage earners working 48 hours and imder. In the manufacture of women's clothing, glass, patent medicines and compoirnds and druggists' preparations, and shipbuilding the majority of wage earners were employed in estabhshments with pre- vailing hours between 48 and 54 per week. The glass industry reported all its wage earners employed in estabhshments where the prevaiUng hours were 54 or fewer per week. Of the combined total average number of wage earners for the four cities in 1914, 77,553, or 95.4 per cent, were in estabhshments where the prevail- ing hours were 60 or less per week, while only, 3,753 were in estabhshments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. Baltimore and Frederick re- ported more than nine-tenths, Hagerstown, three- fourths, and Ciunberland, three-fifths of their wage earners employed in estabhshments where the prevaUing hours were 60 or less per week. The largest proportion in the 60-hour group is shown for Frederick. Cumberland and Hagerstown reported the highest proportions employed in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours were more than 60 per week, 36.7 per cent and 24.8 per cent, respectively. On the other hand, Baltimore reported the highest proportion of wage earners employed 48 hours and imder, 15.7 per cent. , Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 561 Table 11 INDUSTRY AND CITY. AUindus tries Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, terra-ootta, and fire-clay products . /Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cotton good^. Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products -. Fumiture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass.. Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products '. Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Total lor cities. Baltimore ClIMBERLANI)., Frederick . . . . Hagebstown.. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 Total. 111,585 107,921 • 905 684 2,038 1,962 1,721 1,946 8,640 8,613 6,969 5,549 18,062 19,784 3,026 2,641 1,442 1,573 7,712 5,275 3,424 3,966 1,991 1,439 4,423 4,798 1,998 1,856 1,234 476 1,184 1,052 2,173 1,694 1,077 1,022 1,073 909 6,115 7,003 990 1,455 1,586 1,249 1,053 1,193 4,173 3,386 2,468 1,793 874 655 1,292 1,034 24,942 24,914 81,306 73,769 2,817 1,146 3,574 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. 14,583 6,166 103 73 408 426 1,385 223 2,499 21 1,481 611 311 70 111 269 237 73 738 174 26 181 140 181 723 316 174 349 149 263 376 211 2,446 1,170 185 74 2,710 1,454 12,206 11,565 419 10 212 Between 48 and 54. 20,508 13,229 19 315 167 272 317 7,944 4,965 383 79 9 1,532 40 3 931 1,567 180 79 937 12 187 185 317 404 148 146 608 732 1,245 1,082 1,378 32 11 4 2,546 2,452 17,180 16,677 409 94 18, 238 16, 274 188 218 226 161 158 127 142 90 6,792 4,776 397 742 135 288 1,492 265 109 30 1,026 1,747 607 258 107 46 135 384 847 495 598 51 40 320 679 678 464 170 100 21 3,434 4,104 16,347 15,714 277 52 304 Between 54 and 60. 20,142 21, 601 279 55 273 196 111 568 126 102 3,163 1,191 5,340 154 782 406 467 1,708 641 121 708 424 792 345 1,124 1,642 1,251 1,001 41 ,1,730 1,341 105 267 18 U9 90 240 91 1,056 118 245 7 6,857 5,363 14,744 12,452 126 764 1,402 29,942 41,574 347 179 1,337 836 792 1,282 5,668 6,192 404 1,596 272 4,324 423 752 637 2,711 4,109 2,604 1,633 1,030 1,020 886 393 531 397 2,896 4,044 "356 -83 215 136 167 655 909 973 6,313 7,294 17,076 15,591 553 256 676 Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. 5,341 6,103 177 148 494 616 2,396 769 382 10 376 33 1,103 13 1 1,828 3,059 3,404 1,473 1,025 43 Over 72. 1,579 1,252 1,974 1,000 85 140 81 1,000 1,179 63 111 694 70 Location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Maryland were centrahzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants each. 82101°— 18- -36 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® During the 15 years covered by the table, the value of products for citieS having a population of 10,000 or more each, and for districts outside of cities increased 66.5 per cent and 103.4 per cent, respectively. For 562 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. the same period the relative importance of manufac- tures, as measured by average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture has increased for the districts outside the cities, while the proportion of the cities, as measured by these items, has decreased shghtly. The proportions which the total average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, reported by the cities, formed of the corresponding items for the state were, however, much greater than those for the outside districts at each census period. Table IZ Census year. Aggregate. CITEES HAVING A POPULATION OP 10,000 OR OVER. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVINQ t Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OP 10,000 OE OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre. gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1«99 1914 1909 1899 4 4 3 640,317 607,242 539,676 2,746 2,704 2,410 81,306 76,124 69,729 $232,863,773 197,619,972 139,828,392 101,905,382 84,047,316 61,831,896 47.7 46.9 45.4 57.2 55.9 62.0 72.9 70.5 74.0 61.6 62.6 66.2 73.4 72.1 75.7 2 3 2 35,673 48,757 30,719 170 202 136 4,720 4,680 3,158 $10,579,634 10,642,262 4,720,766 4,147,726 4,093,489 1,947,100 1 1 1 1 579,590 558,485 508,957 2,502 2,502 2,274 73,769 71,444 66,571 $215,171,530 186,977,710 135,107,626 94,638,311 79,953,827 59,884,796 Population ^ ... 1,341,075 1,295,346 1,188,044 4,797 4,837 3,886 111,585 107,921 94,170 $377,749,078 316,669,150 211,076,143 138,777,105 116,620,245 81,721,731 2.7 3.8 2.6 3.5 4.2 3.5 4.2 4.3 3.4 2.8 3.4 2.2 3.0 3.6 2.4 25,054 1.9 43.'2 43.1 42.8 52.1' 51.7 58.5 66.1 66.2 70,7 57.0 59.2 64,0 68.2 68.6 73.3 700,758 688,104 648,368 2,051 2,133 1,476 30,279 31,797 24,441 $144,885,305 118,049,178 71,247,751 36,871,723 32,572,929 19,889,835 52.3 53 1 64 6 Number of establishments 74 1.5 42.8 44 1 38 Average number of wage earners. . 2,817 2.5 27.1 29 5 26.0 $7,112,609 1.9 38.4 37 4 33.8 Value added by manufacture 3,119,346 2.2 26.6 27 9 24 3 1 Census estimate of Comparisons for the cities or the districts outside are affected by the increase in the population of cities. Frederick had less than 10,000 inhabitants in 1900 and statistics for this city were therefore included with those for outside districts. In 1910 and 1900 Cumber- land was included in the group of cities having a population of 10,000 to 25,000, but. in 1914 it was placed in the group of cities having a population of 25,000 to 100,000. The four cities, which represented 47.7 per cent of the estimated population of the state in 1914, reported 61.6 per cent of the total value of products, 73.4 per cent of the value added by manufacture, 72.9 per cent of the total average niunber of wage earners, and 57.2 per cent of the total number of establish- ments. With the exception of value of products, the corresponding proportions for 1909 were slightly less. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the four cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance, as shown by value of products. Frederick, for which comparative figures are not shown for 1904, had fewer than 10,000 inhabitants in that year. The four cities presented in this table show increases in both the average number of wage earners and the value of products from 1909 to 1914. Baltimore is the only city which showed an increase in both items for the five-year period 1904-1909. Ti^ffyj^^^ population for 1914. which statistics can be given from 1904 to 1914 show a decided growth during this period. The percentages of increase for the average number of wage earners for Baltimore, Hagerstown, and Cumberland being 13.4, 61.7, and 23.8per cent, while the percentages of increase for the value of products reported by them amoxmted to 43.3, 144.9, and 54.8 per cent, respectively. Table 13 CITY. Baltimore... Hagerstown. Cumberland. Frederick AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 1904 73, 769 3,674 2,817 1,146 71,444 1,718 1,936 1,026 66,060 2,21fl 2,276 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1914 $216,171,530 7,412,397 7, 112, 609 3,167,237 1909 $186,977,710 3,197,242 4,534,077 2,910,943 1904 $150,170,762 3,026,901 4,595,023 Baltimore is not only the most important manufac- turing city in Maryland, but ranks eleventh in the value of products and /eighth in average number of wage earners among the 130 leading cities of the United States. The value of its output in 1914 amounted to $215,171,530 and 73,769 wage earners were employed in its manufacturing industries. The average number of wage earners increased 3.3 per cent and total value of products 15.1 per cent during the period 1909-1914, as compared with 9.8 per cent and 24.5 per cent, respectively, for the preceding five-year period. The total value of products reported in 1914 represented 57 per cent of the total for all industries MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 563 The principal industries of Baltimore for which, sta- tistics can be presented, arranged in the order of value of products, are shown in the following table, which gives the absolute and relative increase from 1909 to 1914, and also the percentage which the value of prod- ucts for each industry represents of the corresponding total for the state. Table 14 All industries Clothing Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . . Printing and publishing Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . Slaughtering and meat packing Canning and preserving. . .- Foundry ana machine-shop products. Bread and other bakery products Fertiliiers Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Lumber ana timber products Hats, straw Liquors, malt Conee and spice, roasting and grinding . Confectionery .' Furniture Liquors, distilled, whisky Umbrellas and canes Marble and stone work Shipbuildmg, including boat building. Furnishing goods, men's All other industries VALUE OF PSODUCTS: 19U. Amount. Per centot total for the in- dustry for the state. t215,171,530 44,482,138 18,842,186 10,283,775 10,038,911 9,503,883 7,789,125 7,687,708 6,606,445 6,200,678 5,877,830 5,073,393 4,826,039 4,723,961 4,393,338 3,716,570 2,732,118 2,106,338 1,601,874 1,301,070 1,274,744 1,142,429 54,966,979 57.0 98.7 73.9 91.3 75.9 55.6 43.2 72.1 81.6 44.3 98.4 42.6 100.0 65.1 100.0 98.8 72,2 29.0 100.0 71.1 28.2 100.0 35.1 Increase * over 1909. Amount. S28,193,820 3,879,763 6,009,277 2,731,080 2,674,031 -577,689 1,957,846 -1,386,017 890,943 1,150,894 407,240 268,520 1,478,709 1,573,880 1,515,626 -1,294,683 634,879 504,722 -47,936 -403,335 403,274 251,646 6,671,160 Per cent. 15.1 9.6 46.8 36.2 36.3 -6.7 33.6 -15.3 15.6 22.8 7.4 5.6 44.2 50.0 52.7 -25.8 24.3 31.6 -2.9 -23.7 46.3 28.2 11.5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The clothing industry, which embraces the manu- facture of men's clothing, including shirts, and women's clothing, is the leading one of the city. The value of products reported in 1914, $44,482,136, formed 20.7 per cent of the total for aU manufacturing industries in the city. In addition to the 21 industries or industry groups presented for Baltimore in this table, there were a number included under the head of "all other indus- tries," to avoid disclosing individual operations. Some of these were among the most important in the city, 14 reporting products in 1914 exceeding $1,000,000 in value.i Hagerstown, the second city in the state as meas- ured by value of products, reported an output valued at $7,412,397, an increase of $4,215,155, or 131.8 per cent, for the five-year period 1909-1914. The city has a variety of industries, the most important being the steam-railroad repair shops, flour mills and grist- mills, and the manufacture of furniture, sUk goods, hosiery and knit goods, and organs and organ materials. ' These industries are: Bags, other than paper. Boots and shoes. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brushes. Cordials and flavoring sirups. Cotton goods. Drug grmding. Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied. Gas, illuminatmg and heating. Musical Instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Nets and seines. Paint and varnish. Tobacco manii Upholstering ] Cumberland had an increase of 56.9 per cent in its value of products and 45.5 per cent in average number of wage earners from 1909 to 1914. The industries of the city showed a marked growth during this period, as there was a decrease in both items for the preceding five-year period. The leading industries were the steam-raikoad repair shops, flour miUs aiid grist- mills, steelworks and roUing mills, and malt breweries, the tanning, currying, and finishing of leather, and the manufacture of tin plate and temeplate. The chief industry of Frederick was its flour mills, the value of products representing 29 per cent of the total value reported for aU industries of the city. The manufacture of brushes, the canning of vegetables, the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods, and the operations of planing mills, foundry and machine shops, and bakeries ranked next in the order named. In 1914 each of the cities held the same rank in regard to the average number of wage earners employed as in the value of products. Baltimore metropolitan district. — The metropolitan district of Baltimore embraces 184,660 acres, of which 19,290 acres constitute the area of Baltimore, and 165,370 acres the area of the outside territory. The estimated population of the city of Baltimore proper in 1914 was 579,590, and that of the outside territory 113,663, the total for the district being 693,253. The district comprises, m addition to the city of Balti- more, eight election districts, namely, districts 1, 3, 9, 12, 13, 14, and 15 in Baltimore Coimty and district 5, in Anne Arundel County. The accompanying outline map shdws the bound- aries of the district, its principal city, Baltimore, and the election districts, included. Summary j or the district. — ^Table 15 is a summary, for 1914, of the statistics of manufacturing industries, with a statement of the estimated population in 1914, for the Baltimore metropolitan district, for the city |/j^^:fei9^f@ and for the remainder of the district; the percentages which the figures for Baltimore 564 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. represent of the total for the district being shown for each item. Table 15 Population i Number of establishiaents Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary liorsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including in- ternal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products •. Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) BAITIMOEE METROPOLITAN DISTEICT: 1914. The district. 693,253 2,698 100,211 2,690 12,584 84,937 167,603 $230,565,831 67,929,244 15,596,443 42,332,801 2,912,6^7 9,333,012 200,323,203 313,800,530 113,477,327 •Baltimore. 579,590 2,502 87,453 2,548 11,136 73,769 99,869 3177,301,333 48,977,823 13,468,689 35,609,234 2,848,836 6,961,815 120,533,219 215,171,530 94,638,311 The district exclusive of Baltimore. 113,663 196 12,758 142 1,448 11,168 67,634 353,264,498 8,951,421 2,127,854 6,823,567 63,721 2,371,197 79,789,984 98,629,000 18,839,016 Per cent Balti- more is of total for dis- trict. 92.7 87.3 94.7 88.5 86.9 59.6 76.9 84.5 86.4 83.9 97.8 74.6 60.2 68.6 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. In 1914 the Baltimore metropolitan district had 2,698 manufacturing establishments, which gave em- ployment to 100,211 persons during the year and paid out $57,929,244 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 84,937 were wage earners. The estab- lishments manufactured products to the value of $313,800,530, to produce which materials costing $200,323,203 were utihzed. The value added by manufacture was thus $113,477,327. The Baltimore district ranked ninth in 1914 among the metropolitan districts of the United States in the value of its manu- factured products. Baltimore contained 83.6 per cent of the popula- tion of the district, of which it is the manufactur- ing, commercial, and financial center, and contrib- uted 68.6 per cent of the value of products for the district. Its manufacturing establishments consti- tuted over nine-tenths (92.7 per cent) of aU in the dis- trict, and gave employment to nearly nine-tenths (86.9 per cent) of the wage earners. The steel works, blast furnaces, steel shipbuilding plant, and coke ovens at Sparrows Poiut are among the most important in the United States, and large copper plants and a petroleum refinery are located at Canton. Petroleum refineries are also operated at East Brooklyn. None of these industries can be re- ported separately without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Comparative summary. — ^Table 16 gives statistics for the district for 1914 and 1909. Percentages of in- crease are shown for the territory included in the metropoHtan district for the five-year period 1909- 1914. With the exception of proprietors and firm members, aU items for which comparative statistics are given in the table show increases. Primary horsepower, sala- ries, salaried employees, cost of materials, value of products, and value added by manufacture show the largest relative increases. Table 16 Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue). Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) BALTIMOKE METKOPOLTTAN DISTEICT. 1914 2 693,253 2,698 100,211 2,690 12,684 84,937 167,603 $230,565,831 57,929,244 15,696,443 42,332,801 2,912,557 9,333,012 200,323,203 313,800,630 113,477,327 1909 8 658,715 2,668 94,954 2,790 10,339 81,825 125,080 $199,735,181 48,685,334 11,888,229 36,697,105 r^ 165,085,541 260,213,324 95,127,783 Percent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 5.2 1.1 5.5 -3.6 21.7 3.8 33.9 15.4 19.2 31.2 15.4 21.3 20.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Census estimate of population for 1914. 3 Apr. 15, 1910. < Figures not available. Comparative summary, hy industries. — Table 17 gives statistics, for 1914 and 1909, for all industries com- bined and for selected industries of the metropoHtan district having products valued at $1,000,000 or more, so far as separate figures can be presented. Of the industries shown in the above table, copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, fertihzers, Hquors (malt and distilled), and slaughtering and meat packing were the only ones which operated to any extent in that part of the district which is outside the corporate Hmits of Baltimore. The principal industry of the district was the manufacture of men's and women's clothing and its operations were confined entirely to the corporate hmits of Baltimore. While there was only an increase of 1.1 per cent in the number of estabhshments in the district from 1909 to 1914, and 3.8 per cent in the average number of wage earners employed, the value of products and value added by manufacture increased by 20.6 per cent and 19.3 per cent, respectively. The greatest absolute and relative increase in value of products occmred in the copper, tin, and sheet- iron industry, in which the value of the output increased $10,853,081, or 75.6 per cent, over 1909. This industry also had the largest absolute gain in average number of wage earners employed, but the ice industry showed the highest relative gain, 85.6 per cent. A number of other industries also showed large absolute gains in value of products during the period 1909-1914, but only two: — coffee and spice, roasting and grinding, and manufactured ice — ^had a relative gain of more than 50 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 565 Table 17 INDXTSTRT. All industries . Bread and other takery prod- ucts. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs By steam- rilroad companies. Clothing Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Fertilizers Foundry and 'machine-shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Hats, straw Ice, manufactured liquors Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work COMPABATIVE SUMMARY FOR THE METROPOLITAN DISTRICT, BY SELECTED INDTTSTRIES: 1914 AND 1909. Census year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prepar rations. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Umbrellas and canes All other industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2,698 2,668 406 410 17 .18 3S3 105 65 120 111 134 134 16 112 171 171 251 243 974 954 Persons engaged in the industry. Total. 100,211 94,954 2,606 2,429 3,820 3,893 3,728 4,481 22,845 23,623 310 332 1,767 1,867 8,513 5,265 2,194 1,460 4,590 5,040 678 543 1,560 1,368 2,323 1,808 425 242 1,357 1,242 2,510 2,501 739 1,759 1,813 5,196 4,189 1,580 1,316 594 640 31,117 30,017 Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried em- ployees. 2,690 2,790 420 432 494 652 45 103 68 94 53 208 943 968 12,584 10,339 494 296 321 264 238 318 2,132 1,903 127 149 276 258 779 528 413 227 508 79 152 153 147 110 46 231 224 233 204 73 580 1,356 1,074 227 111 3,754 2,998 Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). 84,937 81, 825 1,692 1,701 3,444 3,571 3,490 4,163 20,219 21,168 169 1,432 1,664 7,631 4,679 1,775 1,228 4,433 661 434 1,364 1,157 2,173 1,694 362 195 1,123 1,010 2,236 2,235 613 784 1,034 1,180 1,253 1,029 484 514 26,420 26,051 Primary horse- power. 167,503 125,080 1,857 1,010 2,078 2,368 3,328 6,318 6,220 4,133 494 531 1,419 1,416 7,227 4,642 6,761 3,685 6,637 6,708 60 1,787 1,786 1,307 8,203 5,102 7,991 7,605 7,440 6,147 1,774 1,428 1,337 667 6,410 3,203 3,752 2,976 123 95 91,264 65,280 Capital. $230,565,831 199,735,181 3,966,639 2,733,849 4,257,033 4,325,220 2,797,693 3,471,038 24, 848, 683 20,968,859 1,643,453 954,693 2,302,058 2,700,836 22,688,786 21,646,215 14,915,008 7,989,458 10,281,325 9,323,414 625,603 395,207 2,556,490 1,824,983 2,607,298 2,659,801 1,964,302 14, 117, 717 11,359,001 3,369,515 3,062,107 1,289,824 1,234,894 4,427,586 4,056,157 7,546,680 5,640,382 4,518,970 3,776,659 874,204 827,463 98,387,966 88,873,246 Salaries. $15,596,443 11,888,229 402,970 197,643 307,875 266,053 239, 750 229, 111 2,492,366 2,037,823 175,027 178, 410 277,460 1,103,963 685,039 572,835 374,553 811,385 665, 348 99, 157 67,200 195, 807 145,388 506,896 295,635 85,007 65,482 502,120 464,328 344, 189 217,208 126,415 158,302 820,678 744,013 1,681,416 1,201,885 376,014 264,194 130,339 144,271 4,313,337 3,208,883 $42,332,801 36,697,105 852, 167 780,407 1,060,485 936,271 2,361,655 2,705,389 8,277,242 8,204,420 83,573 77,213 459,919 458, 707 4,046,348 1,868,361 963,448 642,662 2,387,919 2,582,872 191,523 137,463 732,867 547,704 1,040,024 687,648 151,028 988,355 746,420 971. 147 416,757 499, 130 420,461 425,844 2,370,706 1,758,475 768. 148 601,631 172,215 167, 745 13,409,842 11,846,578 Cost of materials. $200,323,203 165,085,541 3,905,008 3,795,757 5,867,716 4,821,265 7,430,622 4,383,393 23,631,747 22,951,878 3,173,899 2,430,610 2,431,613 3,116,303 16,503,496 9,350,634 8,884,730 6,175,708 4,561,693 5,427,002 611,450 491,754 1,230,692 1,013,634 2,392,225 1,783,214 288,566 222, 110 2,963,508 2,1%, 661 3,251,775 3,284,547 629,434 783,025 2,336,727 2,136,457 3,465,645 2,234,055 13,789,871 11,479,830 987,372 1,075,854 91,985,414 75,931,950 Value of products. $313,800,530 260,213,324 6, 880, 514 5,970,981 8,038,013 6,526,225 10,038,911 7,364,880 44,482,136 40,602,383 4,^93,338 2,877,712 3,716,570 5,011,253 25,203,316 14,350,235 12,576,084 8,469,656 9,421,066 10,961,564 1,142,429 890, 783 2,732,118 2,197,239 3,347,330 1,127,917 693,828 11,184,073 8,699,297 5,573,664 5,230,404 1,379,199 1,769,724 6,877,830 5,470,590 10,338,814 7,579,430 16,739,320 13,653,693 1,601,874 1,649,810 126,527,305 106,906,307 Value added by manufac- ture. $113,477,327 95,127,783 2,975,506 2,175,224 2,170,297 1,704,960 2,608,289 2,981,487 20,850,389 17,650,505 1,219,439 447, 102 1,284,957 1,894,950 8,699,820 4,999,601 3,691,354 2,293,948 4,859,373 5,534,562 530,979 399,029 1,501,426 1, 183, 705 2,433,814 1,564,116 839,351 471,718 8,220,565 - 6,502,636 2,321,889 1,945,857 749, 765 976,699 3,541,103 3,334,133 6,873,169 5,345,375 2,949,449 2,173,863 614,502 573,956 34,541,891 30,974,357 1 Excludes statistics for establishments located outside the corporate limits of Baltimore, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures for these establishments are included under the head of "all other industries." Character of ownership. — Table 18 presents statistics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organ- ization, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given, for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown, and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate to 1914 only. In order to avoid disclositig the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. The table shows, for all industries combined, an in- crease during the decade in the number of establish- Digitized by ments throughout the state for those owned by individ- uals and corporations but a decrease for those con- trolled by other forms of ownership. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments — six-tenths of the total in 1914 — is shown for those under individual ownerehip, but in value of products and average num- ber of wage earners, those owned by corporations show much greater proportions. In 1914, although only 20.9 per cent of the total number of establish- ments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 70.1 per cent of the total value of products and 61.3 per cent of the total average number Microsoft® 566 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. of wage earners. The proportions of average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive cen- sus. For both 1914 and 1909, with the exception of bread and other bakery products, men's clothing, women's clothing, and flour miUs and gristmills, the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the 1 1 industries, for which separate statistics are given, is shown for establishments imder corporate ownership. This condition prevailed also for all indus- tries combined, in each of the four cities both in regard to value of products and average number of wage earners employed. Here, however, a slightly greater proportion of the establishments, 22.4 per cent, for all the cities taken as a group, are under corporate ownership. Table 18 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER or E.gTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— lOTTOSTKY AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. In-li- vil- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU- oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,879 2,917 2,242 1,004 873 660 914 1,047 960 111,586 107,921 94, 174 15,831 68,380 59,676 48,597 27,374 31,419 30,329 14.2 16.6 16.2 61.3 65.3 61.6 24.5 29.1 32.2 S377,749,078 316,669,160 243,375,996 S44,428,028 41,522,912 32,833,690 5264,867,410 207,102,289 147,744,248 568,463,640 67,043,949 62,798,058 11.8 13.2 13.5 70.1 66.6 60.7 18.1 21.2 25.8 Bread and other bakery products. 484 473 9 11 30 32 2,038 1,962 1,161 1,069 747 752 130 141 57.0 54.5 36.7 38.3 6.4 7.2 8,097,686 6,868,479 4,684,853 4,069,129 3,006,478 2,207,427 406,266 591,923 57.9 59.2 37.1 32.1 5.0 8.6 Canning and preserving. . 1914 1909 259 263 61 39 146 166 8,640 8,613 2,400 2,461 3,862 3,056 2,388 3,096 27.8 28.6 44.6 35.6 27.6 36.9 18,028,779 13,709,449 4,299,967 3,603,787 9,269,890 6,804,163 4,458,922 4,301,499 23.9 26.3 51.4 42.3 24.7 31.4 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 20 21 5,969 5,549 5,969 5,549 100.0 100.0 13,229,362 9,059,266 13,229,352 9,059,266 100.0 100.0 1914 1909 193 238 17 19 91 102 18,062 19,784 2,020 2,850 3,389 2,928 12,653 14,006 11.2 14.4 18.8 14.8 70.1 70.8 39,047,875 36,921,294 4,173,020 3,904,877 4,226,646 4,046,668 30,648,209 28,970,769 10.7 10.6 10.8 11.0 78.5 78.5 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 45 31 13 7 32 34 3,026 2,641 813 384 676 524 1,538 1,733 26.9 14.6 22.3 19.8 50.8 66.6 6,016,195 4,351,263 1,656,204 741,618 1,260,096 716,450 3,108,896 2,893,195 27.5 17.0 20.8 16.6 51.7 66.5 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 69 32 31 30 24 19 7,712 5,276 229 330 6,767 4,721 716 224 3.0 6.3 87.7 89.5 9.3 4.2 25,491,121 16,909,447 503,653 902,988 23,163,678 15,273,562 1,823,790 732,897 2.0 5.3 90.9 90.3 7.2 4.3 riour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 174 211 32 26 41 58 473 506 211 262 192 167 70 87 44.6 49.8 40.6 33.0 14.8 17.2 8,163,869 9,267,903 3,684,638 4,535,663 3,541,657 3,097,248 937,674 1,634,992 45.1 48.9 43.4 33.4 11.5 17.6 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 65 63 75 53 39 41 4,423 4,798 491 644 3,454 3,691 478 663 11.1 13.4 78.1 74.8 10.8 11.7 10,668,594 11,977,794 1,172,715 1,190,982 7,922,943 8,877,724 1,562,936 1,909,088 11.0 9.9 74.3 74.1 14.7 15.9 Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 311 331 69 64 113 166 6,116 7,003 1,586 1,941 3,103 2,714 1,427 2,348 26.9 27.7 60.7 38.8 23.3 33.5 11,911,455 12,134,202 2,261,583 2,274,567 7,198,838 5,758,984 2,451,034 4,100,651 19.0 18.7 60.4 47.5 20.6 33.8 Printing and publishing . 1914 1909 185 209 121 92 62 70 4,173 3,386 654 824 2,363 1,834 1,156 728 16.7 24.3 56.6 54.2 27.7 21.5 11,262,962 8,369,779 1,288,359 1,529,883 6,714,733 4,748,180 3,259,870 2,081,716 11.4 18.3 69.6 66.8 28.9 24.9 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 36 36 12 8 12 10 1,292 1,034 444 319 768 691 90 124 34.4 30.9 68.7 57.2 7.0 12.0 17,099,968 13,682,961 6,290,152 4,740,762 9,034,854 7,281,770 1,774,962 1, 660, 429 36.8 34.6 52.8 53.2 10.4 12.1 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,646 615 486 81,306 10,198 47,423 23,685 12.6 58.3 29.1 232,863,773 29,272,217 142,538,669 61,052,897 12.6 61.2 26.2 Baltimore 1,535 30 29 61 531 30 14 40 436 14 14 22 73,769 2,817 1,146 3,574 9,307 139 102 650 42, 135 2,272 844 2,172 22,327 406 200 762 12.6 4.9 8.9 18.2 67.1 80.7 73.6 60.8 30.3 14.4 17.5 21.0 216,171,630 7,112,609 3,167,237 7,412,397 26,143,884 603,918 1,143,152 1,481,263 13d, 979, 044 5,080,094 1,622,427 4,848,094 58,048,602 1,519,697 401,658 1,083,040 12.2 7.1 36.1 20.0 60.9 71.6 51.2 66.4 27.0 21.4 Frederick 12.7 14.6 Cumberland showed the highest proportions for wage earners and value of products for establishments of this class. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large establishments is indicated by the statistics given in Table 19. Table 19 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTO. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,797 4,837 3,852 111,585 107.921 94, 174 $377,749,073 $315,669,150 $243,3.6,996 $138,777,105 $116,620,245 893, S.'il, 930 Less than $5,000 1,671 1,646 969 446 65 1,689 1,767 899 441 41 1,249 1,382 821 366 34 2,623 8,905 18,296 43,569 38,192 3,040 11,346 18,344 46,859 28,332 2,2,i0 9,254 18,627 37,936 26, 107 4,202,620 16,707,959 44,122,614 130,761,534 181,964,461 4, 227, 777 17,826,972 38,980,483 1.30,048,877 124,686,041 3,166,660 14,264,140 36,907,882 93,431,472 95,606,842 2,671,279 8,639,767 19,827,983 66,097,430 51,740,646 2,547,434 8,899,931 17,364,553 53,355,069 34,453,258 1,800,851 7, 086, 712 $5,000 to $20,000. . $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 17,035,164 39,708,619 27,720,584 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All clas.ses . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 Less than $5,000 34.8 34.3 20.2 9.3 1.4 34.9 36.6 18.6 9.1 0.8 32.4 35.9 21.3 9.5 0.9 2.4 8.0 16.4 2.8 10.5 17.0 2.4 9.8 19.8 1.1 4.4 VlicM 1.3 5.6 12.3 1.3 5.9 1.5.2 38.4 39.3 1.8 6.2 14.3 40.4 37.3 2.2 7.6 14.9 45 8 29.5 1 9 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 18 2 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 42.5 29.7 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 567 For 1914, 511 establishments, or 10.7 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 482, or 9.9 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 400, or 10.4 per cent, for 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported 73.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 82.8 per cent of the total value of products, and 77.7 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments — those haAdng products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 34.8 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 1.1 per cent of the total value of products. For the establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase at each successive census, from 77.7 per cent in 1904 to 80.7 per cent in 1909, and 82.8 per cent in 1914. Table 20 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 10 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments^ wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 19 for all industries combined. For 1914, as compared with 1909, five of the indus- tries — ^bread and other bakery products; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; fertihzers; foundry and machine-shop products; and slaughtering and meat packing — showed increases in the number of estab- lishments having products under $5,000 in value. Seven industries, having establishments with prod- ucts valued at $100,000 and over, showed increases in average number of wage earners, eight in value of products, and eight in value added by manufacture. For five industries— canning and preserving; clothing, men's, including shirts; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, flour-mill and gristmill products; and lumber and timber products — the large estabhsh- ments reported higher proportions of the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for 1914 than for 1909. The largest absolute increase in value of products for this class — $8,381,842 — occurred in the copper, tin, and sheet-iron industry. This industry also had the largest absolute gain in average nimiber of wage earners. Table 20 INDUSTKT AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. Bread and other bakJERT products Less than $5,000 85,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Canning and preserving Loss than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Clothing, men's, including SHIRTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1000,000 $1,000,000 and over Fekhlizebs Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and ov^r 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 523 206 2S5 46 '6 465 81 213 140 '31 301 94 100 55 42 10 114 48 247 57 111 13 1909 516 182 290 35 9 108 229 lOS 23 94 156 51 51 7 295 62 141 12 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 39.4 60.7 1.1 100.0 17.4 46.8 30.1 6.7 100.0 31.2 33.2 18.3 14.0 3.3 18.4 11.4 7.9 100.0 10.4 25.0 25.0 39.^ 100.0 23.1 44.9 26.7 5.3 100.0 35.3 66.2 6.8 1.7 100.0 23.1 48.9 23.1 4.9 100. p 26.2 43.5 14.2 14.2 1.9 100.0 21.0 25.9 23.5 22.2 7.4 100.0 7.3 26.8 26.8 39.0 100.0 21.0 47.8 27.1 4.1 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 2,038 122 637 466 813 8,640 234 1,678 2,726 4,002 18,062 337 2,087 2,572 3,617 19,784 1,299 754 3,592 11,937 7,712 34 161 340 1,031 6,146 1,991 5 37 148 1,801 473 16 103 178 176 1909 1,962 100 709 339 814 8,613 485 2,387 946 5,879 10,087 5,275 24 108 397 1,421 3,325 1,439 20 91 1,325 506 13 125 204 164 Per cent distribution. 19U 1909 100.0 6.0 31.2 22.8 40. p 100.0 2.7 1974 31.6 100.0 2.6 7.2 4.2 19.9 66.1 100.0 0.4 2.1 4.4 13.4 79.7 100.0 0.3 1.8 7.4 90.5 100.0 3.4 21.8 37.6 37.2 100.0 5.1 36.1 17.3 41.5 100.0 3.9 24.2 29.9 42.0 100.0 2.5 12.1 4.8 29.7 51.0 100.0 0.5 2.0 7.5 26.9 63.0 100.0 0.2 1.4 6.3 92.1 100.0 2.6 24.7 40.3 32.4 $8,097,586 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $6,868,479 614, 190 2,423,995 1,660,473 3,398,928 18,028,779 248,679 2,532,333 5,537,944 9,709,823 39,047,875 299,657 2.495,053 4,095,044 6,819,695 36,921,294 245,249 894,363 2,735,543 11,857,184 23,315,536 25,491,121 91,001 326,975 888,037 2,997,618 21,187,490 13,986,704 16, 761 133, 100 1,197,864 12,638,979 8,163,869 168,998 1,208,918 2,720,867 4,065,086 1909 533, 880 2,610,668 1,228,172 2,495,759 13,709,449 308,467 1,522,271 2,276,513 15,488,342 17,325,701 16,909,447 53,333 223,938 828,910 4,642,049 11,161,217 9,672,786 10, 540 109, 844 512,815 9,039,587 9,267,903 166,649 1,580,651 3,218,307' 4,302,296 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 7.6 29.9 20.5 42.0 100.0 1.4 14.0 30.7 63.9 100.0 0.6 2.3 7.0 30.4 59.7 100.0 0.3 1.3 3.5 11.8 83.1 100.0 0.1 1.0 8.6 90.4 100.« 2.1 14.8 33.3 49.8 100.0 7.8 38.0 17.9 100.0 2.2 18.2 49.7 100.0 0.8 4.1 6.2 41.9 46.9 100.0 0.3 1.3 4.9 27.5 66.0 100.0 0.1 1.1 5.3 93.5 100.0 1.8 17.1 34.7 46.4 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $3,467,527 82,594 749, 108 1,676,595 2,662,928 18,449,758 1909 82,505,380 276,614 1,028,706 617,669 1,544,538 5,071,225 92,467 657,666 1,090,008 1,779,684 15,956,219 226,459 751,746 1,297,543 8,137,055 11,036,965 8,774,183 60,796 200,711 404,511 1,214,341 6,893,824 4,019,102 4,086 43,801 304,624 3,666,591 1,245,309 47,330 267,419 448, 121 482,439 209,615 976,424 432,536 886,805 3,619,815 283,473 1,280,547 1,068,072 5,958,680 7,364,447 6,101,298 30,328 119,167 368,349 1,357,134 4,226,320 2,710,061 4,536 36,892 201,731 2,466,903 1,264,930 31,442 288,210 459,866 485,412 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 8.0 29.7 17.8 44.5 100.0 1.6 14.8 31.1 52.5 100.0 1.2 4.1 7.0 27.9 100.0 0.7 2.3 4.6 13.8 78.6 100.0 0.1 1.1 7.6 91.2 100.0 21.5 36.0 38.7 100.0 8.4 39.0 17.3 35.4 100.0 2.6 18.2 30.1 49.2 100.0 1.8 8.0 6.7 37.3 46.2 100.0 0.5 2.0 6.0 22.2 69.3 100.0 0.2 1.4 7.4 91.0 100.0 2.5 22.8 36.4 38.4 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 568 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Table 20— Continued. INDDSTET AND VALUE or PEODUCT. FOUKDEY AND MACHINE- SHOP PE0DUCT3 Less than 15,000 J5,000 to 820,000 120,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 LUMBEE AND TIMBEE PEOD- UCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Feinting and puBUSHme. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Slaughteeing and meat PACKING Lees than 120,000 2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over OTIUBEE OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 179 493 255 147 60 31 167 117 66 "18 60 1909 157 561 281 181 68 31 187 120 49 15 64 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 26.8 29.0 31.3 12.9 100.0 51.7 29.8 12.2 6.3 100.0 45.4 31.8 17.9 4.9 100.0 25.0 40.0 25.0 10.0 100.0 22.9 29.9 32.5 14.6 100.0 100.0 60.4 32.3 13.2 4.0 100.0 24.1 44.4 22.2 9.3 AVEEAGE NITMBEK OF WAGE EAENEES. 1914 4,423 73 270 1,262 2,818 6,115 563 1,096 1,557 2,899 4,173 225 635 1,316 1,997 22 119 450 701 1909 4,798 66 249 1,177 3,306 7,003 751 1,743 1,793 2,715 3,386 696 1,091 1,310 1,034 19 97 317 601 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 1.7 6.1 28.5 63.7 100.0 9.2 17.9 25.5 47.4 100.0 5.4 15.2 31.5 47.9 100.0 1.7 9.2 34.8 54.3 100.0 1.4 5.2 24.5 68.9 100.0 10.7 24.9 25.6 38.8 100.0 8.5 20.6 32.2 38.7 100.0 1.8 9.4 30.7 58.1 VALUE or products. 1914 $10,658,594 $11,977,794 118,550 541,368 2,512,332 7,486,344 11,911,455 550,921 1,436,902 2,781,537 7,142,095 11,262,962 417, 203 1, 171, 425 3,401,695 6,272,739 17,099,968 153,887 1,270,449 5,693,555 9,982,077 1909 96,241 470,480 2,372,899 9,038,174 12,134,202 616,050 1,728,309 2,941,831 6,848,012 8,359,779 459; 991 1,206,519 2,046,028 4,647,241 13,682,951 167,909 1,123,860 6,151,358 7,239,824 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 1.1 6.1 23.6 70.2 100.0 4.6 12.1 23.3 60.0 100.0 3.7 10.4 30.2 55.7 100.0 0.9 7.4 33.3 58.4 100.0 0.8 3.9 19.8 75.5 100.0 5.1 14.2 24.2 56.4 100.0 6.5 14.4 24.5 55.6 100.0 37.6 52.9 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUEE. 1914 $5,536,106 $6,021,303 85,875 354,685 1,527,926 3,-567,620 5,729,616 400, 183 925,250 1,194,708 3,209,476 7,547,'522 325,918 876, 582 2,364,783 3,980,239 2,963,682 40,495 176,088 715,948 2,031,151 1909 64,548 290,541 1,390,875 4,275,339 5,627,203 430,098 1,122,411 1,349,725 2,724,969 5,895,391- 346,251 870, 178 1,381,108 3,297,854 2,180,335 35,750 167,107 942,846 1,034,632 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 1.6 6.4 27.6 64.4 100.0 7.0 16.1 20.9 56.0 100.0 4.3 11.6 31.3 52.8 100.0 1.1 5.9 24.2 68.5 100.0 1.1 4.8 23.1 71.0 100.0 7.6 19.9 24.0 48.4 100.0 5.9 14.8 55.9 100.0 1.6 7.7 43.2 47.5 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 21 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the four cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 19 for the state as a whole. Table 21 i 1 ■WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OP PE0DUCT3. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUEE. CITY AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 2,502 840 761 645 311 45 74 17 24 20 13 57 16 15 19 7 113 26 36 37 14 73,769 100.0 $215,171,530 100.0 $94,638,311 100.0 Less than $5 000 1,079 3,974 10,146 30,239 28,331 2,817 25 123 403 2,266 1,146 29 74 308 735 3,574 40 174 903 2,457 1.4 5.4 13.8 41.0 38.4 100.0 0.9 4.4 14.3 80.4 100.0 2.5 6.5 26.9 64.1 100.0 1.1 4.9 25.3 68.7 2,092,583 7,763,571 26,576,067 86,581,621 92,157,808 7,112,609 43,348 261,774 947,222 5,860,265 3,167,237 43,935 161,346 641,266 2,320,690 7,412,397 66,005 393,962 1,918,878 5,033,552 1.0 3.6 12.4 40.2 42.8 100.0 0.6 3.7 13.3 82.4 100.0 1.4 5.1 20.2 73.3 100. 0.9 5.3 25.9 67.9 1,359,231 4,547,555 13,127,927 37,689,925 37,913,673 3,119,346 24,257 133,262 364,914 2,596,913 1,053,010 28,990 84,277 316,657 623,086 3,094,715 34,882 216,847 8.57,089 1,985,897 1.4 $5,000 to $20,000 4.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over CUMBEELAND Less than $5,000 13.9 39.8 40.1 100.0 0.8 $5 000 to $20 000 4.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over' Feedeeick 11.7 83.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 2.7 $5 000 to $20 000 8.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Hageestown 30.1 59.2 100.0 1.1 $5 000 to $20 000 7.0 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over! 27.7 64.2 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' For the cities the same general condition prevails as that fotmd throughout the state, namely, a pre- ponderance as to number of wagg earners, value of 2 Includes the group "less than $5,000." products, and value added by manufacture for establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest proportions of total value of products reported by establishments of this class, 83 per cent and 82.4 per cent, appear for Baltimore and Cumberland, respectively, and the lowest, 67.9 per cent, is shown for Hagerstown. Table 22 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 26 of the more important industries, and for each of the 4 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 23 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 22, and for 1909 similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Of the total number of estabUshments for all indus- tries combined, 600, or 12.5 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These are small estabhshments, in which the work is done by the proprietors, firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. If wage earners were employed, the number was so small Bind the term of employment so short that in computing the average, as described in the "Explana- tion of terms," the number was less than one person, and the establishment was classed as one having "no wage earners." The small establishments predomi- nate in a majority of the industries of the state. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 569 Table 22 TOTAL. E3TABUSHMENT3 EMPLOYING — njDUSTBY AND CITY. No. wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage -earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 61 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 261 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). •iS is la 1' ti la 11 ^1 3i ■°9 la 11 if li 1^ ^1 All industries 4,797 111,685 600 2,304 6,632 1,117 12,412 388 12,555 162 11,624 153 23,382 46 16,640 12 8,367 16 22,183 Boxes, toacy and paper 21 523 41 465 20 301 90 66 114 13 48 179 45 18 6 7 10 14 493 102 13 S3 368 42 5 60 1,651 2,746 906 2,038 1,721 8,640 5,969 18,062 3,026 1,442 7,712 3,424 1,991 4,423 1,998 1,234 1,184 2,173 1,077 1,073 6,115 990 1,586 1,053 4,173 2,468 874 1,292 24,942 81,306 "i2i' 1 7 3 348 11 155 10 709 30 532 6 47 12 216 6 115 36 14 27 2 11 52 12 5 94 491 132 2,390 72 1,272 478 152 313 25 140 • 594 149 66 6 3 8 63 3 41 19 5 7 1 5 23 7 1 240 66 318 1,913 110 1,377 606 137 251 43 182 750 242 23., 3 1 6 12 1 6 H 2 3 233 73 416 960 65 423 772 167 196 3 2 32S 343 Bread and other bakery products 1 3 3 2 5 356 826 1,115 563 1,880 Brick, til6,terra-cotta, and flre-clay prod- ucts...— Canning and preserving 10 4 12 8 6 3 6 6 7 7 1,740 . 563 1,732 1,128 918 426 909 774 1,028 1,039 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies .... 2 2 1,269 1,730 2 6 3,317 9,349 ClothtnE, men's, iiicludiTig shirts 16 5 8 16 98 11 30 48 299 42 78 113 Clothlni; women's .". Confectionery Copper, tli^ and sheet-iron products 5 2 1 3 1,994 580 476 984 3 1 2,186 576 2 1 2,234 1,291 Fertilizers "12' ..... 21 69 11 10 46 186 40 24 6 13 8 373 881 628 Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating 1 1,121 Glass : 5 2 2 2 10 2 2 1 8 2 3 2 39 110 830 279 458 272 1,358 348 330 136 1,317 340 608 364 5,914 16,711 1 1 1 1 1 354 360 306 337 303 Hats, straw. 1 1 1 128 18 4 13 81 10 7 12 7 1,329 177 39 126 854 127 1 4 5 20 3 1 2 8 1 67 297 340 1,532 212 61 110 611 66 2 1,470 Hosiery and knit good^ 1 "is' 14 22 64 6 "'2' 289 391 1 2 292 61 2 40 181 12 1 32 866 1,171 4 7 704 115 ■ 6 102 476 27 1 77 1,904 2,919 Liquors, malt 3 27 4 3 4 25 9 110 889 138 107 107 761 281 Tjiimher and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp 1 1,053 Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations 1 1 1 1 473 264 255 365 Printing and publishing. . . . Rhipbnilrting, inclnding boat building. . . . 1 1,372 Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing 12 288 643 123 3,244 7,535 6 115 257 231 3,673 8,459 6 40 116 497 2,896 8,276 All other industries 11 36 3,759 12, 474 2 11 1,107 7,621 2 12 2,446 17,312 Total for cities Baltimobe 2,502 74 57 113 73,769 2,817 1,146 3,574 376 3 4 8 1,069 33 24 46 2,635 96 69 129 567 23 19 34 6,434 235 221 645 234 5 4 14 7,785 142 107 425 104 5 3 4 7,499 366 171 239 98 3 3 6 14,348 706 688 1,069 33 1 11,913 256 10 6,869 11 1 10, 296 1,016 nTTMRlP.TlT,AT?T» . Feederick: HARKMTnwN . 1 305 1 762 The group of establishments employing from 1 to 20 wage earners, which represented 71.3 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported 17,944 wage earners, or only 16.1 per cent of the total number of wage earners in the state. On the other harid, the groups of establishments having more than 100 em- ployees, while comprising but 4.7 per cent of the total nTunber of estabKshments, employed 69,462, or 62.3 per cent of the total wage earners. A comparison of the 26 industries shown in this table estabhshes the fact that 16 of the number re- ported a majority of their wage earners in establish- ments giving employment, to more' than 100 wage earners. In the glass industry, the entire number^— 1,184 — ^were in estabhshments of this character. The textile industries, cotton goods, hosiery and knit goods, and silk goods reported. 98 per cent, 70.9 per cent, and 99.9 per cent, respectively, of their wage earners employed in these large estabhshments. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies; clothing, men's, including shirts; gas, illuminating and heating; hats, straw; and paper and wood pulp reported more than three-fifths of their wage earners employed in estabhshments giving employment to more than 500 wage earners. As among the industries, the cities reported the highest proportions of their establishments employing 1 to 20 wage earners, but in no city did the average ntunber of wage earners working in these small estab- hshments equal 25 per cent of the total n\imber of wage earners employed. The proportions of the total number of wage earners reported by estabhshments employing more than 100 wage earners were as fol- lows: Cumberland, 70.2 per cent; Baltimore, 66.9; Hagerstown, 59.7 per cent; and Frederick, 51.3 per. cent. In Baltimore and Cumberland, about one- third, and in Hagerstown over one-fifth, of the total number of wage earners were working in estabhshments employing over 500 wage earners. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 570 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Table 33 Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYDfQ SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER Of WAGE EARNERS IN E3TABUSHMENT3 EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 6 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 261 to 600 501 tp 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries... . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5.0 5.2 11.1 12.0 11.3 12.2 10.4 12.1 21.0 18.4 13.9 13.3 7.5 14.5 19.9 12.2 Glass 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1900 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 70.1 17.2 12.8 8.1 42.5 28.2 25.3 38.4 22.2 24.3 35.2 41.2 20.8 27.2 12.9 9.2 31.6 21.3 13.8 12.7 58.1 49.0 28.2 23.0 23.7 18.9 20.6 29.9 64.5 16.6 42.6 28.4 60.7 31.4 6.0 Hats, straw 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 ii.5 11.0 11.6 10.5 0.4 0.6 9.7 8.3 11.4 14.6 1.1 2.4 0.1 6.0 7.0 7.6 7.3 3.6 1.0 0.3 1.1 0.7 1.4 21.7 29.2 17.9 8.0 2.5 2.7 11.9 13.1 20.5 23.4 5.1 3.8 2.9 '8.'2' 's.V 10.2 29.0 14.5 14.5 13.9 16.2 6.7 10.7 10.2 4.9 18.2 25.1 11.4 17.9 14.4 2.6 27.6 7.0 31.7 30.6 25.1 20.9 21.4 24.0 3.2 10.4 10.6 12.2 15.7 2.7 7.4 Boxes, fancy and' paper 1.1 1.9 34.8 39.6 1.7 2; 3 6.2 6.9 ■6.'2" 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.4 5.4 3.8 1.6 1.8 2.3 3.6 4.2 3.2 2.0 2.4 1.9 3.2 10.4 3.7 24.1 18.8 7.7 10.4 27.7 27.0 1.2 1.1 7.0 9.5 15.8 15.9 10.5 8.8 4.0 3.4 0.7 1.0 7.0 6.0 13.4 9.9 7.5 5.9 5.3 11.8 26.5 34.2 3.2 6.6 18.5 19.6 22.1 17.2 1.8 7.6 8.3 20.0 15.0 9.5 12.8 3.3 11.0 1.3 2.2 9.1 10.4 17.0 17.6 12.1 19.9 1.9 26.7 44.6 3.6 12.0 24.1 19.6 11.0 11.9 0.9 2.4 2.3 4.9 25.6 23.1 10.9 8.8 2.5 4.0 'i'o' 18.7 24.6 19.9 21.4 26.4 39.2 36.2 15.6 16.8 7.9 32.'9" 20.1 20.8 9.4 19.6 9.6 9.1 37.3 4.7 63.7 65.9 5.5 10.6 26.6 20.2 38.9 31.1 23.2 16.2 52.0 32.5 67.6 41.0 Hosiery and knit goods Liquors, malt Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. 17.6 15.2 48.0 15.2 12.9 16.2 9.4 11.1 10.4 7.0 21.6 24.2 9.6 21.4 55.6 41.5 51.8 • 38.4 Lumber and timber products.. . Clothing, men's, including shirts Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prep- arations. Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building. Silk goods, including throwsters. Slaughtering and meat packing. All other industries 44.9 6.1 58.7 54.'6' Confectionery 39.9 Copper; tin, and sheet-iron products. 25.9 28.3 16.9 26.8 23.9 24.3 22.2 13.7 28.3 40.9 16.8 19.1 29,0 37.7 28.6 10.3 41.8 46.7 55.6 65.8 9.5 10.9 13.0 13.2 9.3 4.3 17.9 13.6 14.7 13,8 10.4 38.5 46.6 11.6 13.3 10.2 i8.'2' 15.1 12.0 15.3 4.4 16.9 9.4 9.8 Foundry and machine-shop products. Total for cities 4.7 21.3 Baltimore 3.6 3.4 5.1 3.6 8.7 8.3 19.3 18.0 10.6 5.0 9.3 11.9 10.2 13.0 14.9 6.7 19.4 25.1 51.3 29.9 16.1 9.1 9.3 22 1 90.8 Cumberland 36.1 Gas, illuminating and heating. . Frederick 85.1 TTAGT'-w.sT'nwT^ 8.5 21.3 Engines and power. — Table 24 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current), and shows separately the .number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Per cent distribution is also given. Table 24 number op engines or motors; HORSEPOWER. POWEB. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9,199 6,470 2,790 263,763 218,244 165,449 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,346 2,574 522 250 5,853 5,853 3,523 2,693 504 326 2,947 2,947 2,790 2,121 398 271 219,956 196,199 13,822 9,935 43,797 42,243 •1,554 200,205 182,395 5,736 12,074 18,039 17,108 931 160,781 146,627 4,377 10,777 4,668 3,309 1,369 83.4 74.4 5.2 3.8 16.6 16.0 0.6 91.7 83.6 2.6 5.5 8.3 7.8 0.4 97.2 88.0 Internal-combustion engines 2.6 6.5 2.8 Electric m 2.0 Other 0.8 Electric - 10, 137 5,853 4,284 5,021 2,947 2,077 117,707 42,243 75,464 44,921 17,108 27,813 18,823 3,309 15,514 100.0 35.9 64.1 100.0 38.1 6L9 100.0 Rented «802 17.6 82.4 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 45,509 horsepower, or 20.9 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due largely to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, almost whoUy electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when 3,309 horsepower of this character, representing 2 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount J power. Digitized by Microsoft® of such power had increased to 17,108 horsepower, or 7.8 per cent of the total, and in 1914 to 42,243 horse- power, or 16 per cent of the total. The per cent of increase for the decade 1904-1914 amounted to 1,176.6 per cent and for the five-year period 1909- 1914 it amounted to 146.9 per cent for this class of MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 571 The horsepower of electric motors rim by current gen- erated within the same estabhshments also shows large iQcreasesfroml909tol914andforthedecade 1904-1914. The owned power increased 59 , 1 75 horsepower, or 3 6 . 8 per cent, dm'ing the decade. In 1904, 145,627 horse- power was reported for steam engines and turbines and in 1914, 196,199 horsepower, or an increase of 34.7 per cent, was shown. The horsepower of in- ternal-combustion engines increased rapidly during the five-year period 1909-1914, the rate of increase being 141 per cent. The proportion which tliis power formed of the total primary horsepower was the same for both 1904 and 1909, 2.6 per cent, but by 1914 this propor- tion had doubled. During the 10 years covered by the table there has been a decrease at each successive census in the proportion which the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors formed of the total primary power. In 1914 the proportion was only 3.8 per cent. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of the fuel con- sumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 25 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected indus- tries in the state as a whole, and for aU industries combined in each city; 85.4 per cent of the coke and 88.1 per cent of the gas reported for all other industries was used by two blast furnaces and three rolling miUs, respectively. Theie plant? are not shown separately in any of the tables for the state. Table 25 INDU3TEY AMD CITY. All industries . Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Cotton goods Fertilizers Flour-miU and gristmill products Food preparations Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating.. Glass Hats, straw Ice, manufactured Lime Liquors, distilled, whisky and brandy. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and dijiggists' preparations „ Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, mcluding boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Total for cities. Baltimore cumbebland-. Frederick Hagebstown.. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 127, 598 600 6,307 2,025 1,167 1,641 249 1,439 2,470 637 1,143 63, 069 2. 12 3,395 11,083 50 21 404 217 2,697 481 45 25,178 102, 177 97,385 2 2,558 2,232 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 1,425,508 3,776 7,294 112. 153 36,932 92,683 14,470 61 6,278 35, 557 26,994 25,314 14,028 5,661 29,660 6,975 27,414 13,528 6,183 92,403 4,384 30,423 40,881 16, 893 121, 653 4,705 5,501 19,677 46, 6S9 S77, 36S 518, 882 441,218 37, 491 13, 790 26,383 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 320. 133 1,320 452 110 20 1,246 636 1,966 94 23,779 42 766 6,904 40 530 33 364 1,446 279,499 21,736 17,445 295 3,550 446 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 622 691 1, 102. 357 6,339 183 118 324 2,740 490 12 4 10, 106 170 1,136 1, 1,388 286,911 26,163 10 319 178 5 14 141 145 1,205 175 283,147 323,028 315,222 840 122 6,844 1.833 23,476 143, 779 9,525 1,342 37,565 2,648 4,315 44,286 21 2,353 1,991 21,370 58, 505 1,095 12 105, 238 3,460 1,588 709 15,738 370 1,020 616, 189 917,022 159, 154 748,444 212 9,212 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 572 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials and the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for seven important in- dustries and for power laundries in Maryland are here presented. Canning and preserving. — The quantities and values of the various products of this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, are given in the following table. The case, which is used as the unit of measure, consists of 24 standard-size No. 2 cans for beans, corn, peas, black- berries, gooseberries, raspberries, strawberries, and cherries, whUe all other canned fruits and vegetables have been reduced to the standard-size No. 3 can. Table 36 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total value 1 $18,028,779 $13,709,449 2 $12,935,065 Canned fruits— Continued. Cherries- 25,383 $48,246 42,617 $55,372 194,760 $319,021 121,859 $221,395 65,830 $237,320 9,716 $17,906 63,562 $187,321 8,699 $12,666 $626,541 $1,088,744 $105,774 $433,099 10,092 $18,204 53,513 $77,987 80,489 $158,839 67,427 $111,949 67,695 $252,384 14,052 $25,619 106,724 $228,860 9,017 $13,398 $664,408 $761,198 $227,633 $181,656 $14,504,612 646, 196 $860,117 1,482,093 $1,939,295 545,022 $853,570 21,498 $19,270 126,259 $205,261 275,841 $468,651 6,564,314 $9,710,462 8,492 $16,671 237,912 $431,315 $1,269,999 83,567 $125,578 28, 115 $45,174 $10,779,540 611,287 $778, 732 772,828 $1,039,905 381,894 $619,981 2,0.33 $4,292 136,252 $206,919 110, 882 $188,852 5,747,477 $7,674,960 36,629 $53,572 118,190 $212,327 $1,095,014 111,347 $168,458 29,884 $39,316 $9,556,611 870, 121 $1,031,025 1,600,802 $2,021,627 622,263 $1,019,131 19,592 $24,283 109,347 $148,906 30,104 Beans- Value Cases Gooseberries- Value Corn- Value Peaches- 352,244 $753,003 Peas— Value Cases Pears- Cases Value 126,213 $199,802 Pumpkins- Value Pineapple- Cases Value Sweet potatoes- Value....... Cases Raspberries- Cases Value 30 442 Spinach- $47,349 Cases Strawberries- 72,130 $129,324 Tomatoes- 3,638,363 $4,976,098 Value Cases All other canned fruits- Cases Value 201,597 $436,333 Okra and tomatoes — Value Preserves and pickled fruits and vegetables, including jams, jellies, sauces, ketchtips, and similar prod- Value All other canned vegetables Cases 197,118 $335,541 $1,766,824 47,117 $70,980 '58,758 $81,164 $548,646 « $1,063,984 Carlned, smoked, and salt flsli. Apples- Value Blackberries- Value 1 In addition, in 1914, products were reported by establishments in other industries, as follows: Caimed vegetables: I Canned fruits: I Canned oysters: | Pickles, preserves, and sauces. Cases 195,961 Cases 54,781 Cases 28,189 value Value $305,984 I Value $125,137 | Value $88,347 | 2 Does not include two establishments engaged in preparing lish, to avoid disclosures of individual operations. 5 Included in "all other products." $50,745 Canning and preserving as a factory industry is of comparatively recent origin. In 1859 there were in Maryland 25 estabhshments engaged in canning oysters and 4 engaged in preserving fruits, etc., with a combined product of .f 1,089,620. It is probable that these totals include some establishments of the class omitted from more recent censuses, because they did not preserve the products. The remarkable growth of the industry is indicated, however, by comparing these totals with those for the 465 estabhshments re- ported in 1914, which had a total value of products amounting to $18,028,779. Of the establishments reported in 1914, 22 were en- gaged primarily in canning and preserving oysters and fish, 423 in canning and preserving fruits and vegetables, and 20 in the manufacture of pickles, pre- serves, and sauces. Several of the large ' fruit and vegetable companies operate as oyster canners during the closed season for fruits and vegetables. During the five-year period 1 9 09-^1 91-4 ■the./tf value of products increased $4,319,^^^^; cent, compared with an increase for the preceding five-year period of $774,384, or 6 per cent. Canned vegetables, which formed 80.5 per cent of the aggregate value of' all products of this industry in Maryland, increased in 1914 over 1909 by $3,725,072, or 34.6 per cent. Maryland ranked first among the states of the Union in the value of canned vegetables, due principally to the large quantities of tomatoes canned. Beans, com, peas, and spinach were also canned extensively in the state. The canning of oysters is an important industry in Maryland; The total output in 1914 amounted in value to $1,177,091, representing 433,440 cases of 48 No. 2 cans. Of the 423 establishments reporting fruits and vege- tables as their principal product in 1914, 270 canned tomatoes, and 16 canned com exclusively, and the remainder reported a variety of fruits and vegetables. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^The statistics le 27, represent establishments engaged in tolSSaK Slaughtering and meat packing but not those MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 573 engaged exclusively in the manufacture of sausage. The table shows for the census periods 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kind, rnunber, and cost of the animals slaughtered, the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compovmds and substitutes, oleo oil, etc., the cost of all other materials, which include containers, ice, curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, fuel, rent of power, mill supphes, and freight, and the quantities and values of the various products manufactured, except the value of canned meat products, oleo and other oils, oleo stearin, and glue. Table 27 MATERIALS. Total cost.. Animals slaughtered: Number Cost Calves- Number Cost Sheep and lambs — Number Cost Number. Cost Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost All other materials, cost 1914 PEODUCTS. Total value. Fresh meat: Beef— Poimds Value Veal- Pounds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible offal and other fresh meat — Pounds Value Pork, pickled and other cured: Poimds Value Pounds Value Laid: Pounds. Value , Lard compounds and substitutes; Pounds Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Hides, cattle and calf: Number Pounds Value Pelts, sheep: Number Value $13,766,969 44,738 $3,250,400 26,278 $276,447 40,578 $213, 175 622,626 $7,215,643 > $1,549, 202 $1,262,102 $16,607,367 1909 $11,282,938 36,251 $1,966,380 23,137 $205,270 19, 173 $88,282 554,761 $5,803,872 $1,331,095 $1,888,039 $13,394,192 All other products, value . 23, 144, 799 $2,836,331 1,612,205 $225, 152 1,541,215 $217, 216 16,172,217 $2,362,933 3,815,685 $272,121 36, 156, 127 $5,501,956 10,666,851 $1,338,165 10, 542, 478 $1, 219, 402 7,292,547 $627,395 $150, 745 71,016 2,896,539 $493,931 40,578 $17,949 $1,344,071 19,979,567 $1,768,714 1, 482, 710 $177, 732 630, 729 $77, 541 13, 166, 197 $1,762,932 264, 515 $40,473 28,231,007 $3,648,005 11,713,817 $1,086,961 9,677,942 $1,162,407 21,827 $398,965 ■ 68,891 2, 755, 685 $349,077 19,173 $16,963 $2,914,422 1904 $5,787,699 9,425 $306,000 9,234 $61,324 37,074 $125,363 631,746 $4,250,344 $726,818 $317,860 $6,702,061 4,123,630 $278,381 533.372 $57; 022 1,316,012 $117,610 17,690,876 $1,538,427 16,600 $1,328 30,676,342 $3,033,386 8,362,360 $645, 566 10,389,572 $786, 185 3,796 $100, 166 18,669 622,976 $64,408 37,074 $11,034 $79,648 ' Includes cost of all other animals, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Not reported separately. The industry more than doubled in cost of materials and value of products in the decade 1904-1914. There were increases in the number of beeves, calves, and sheep and lambs slaughtered, and much greater in- creases in their cost. All products increased during this period in both quantity and value, except fresh pork, which decreased in quantity and increased in value. The small increase in fertilizers and fertilizer materials is due to the fact that some establishments, which reported these products as by-products of slaughtering and meat packing in 1904 and 1909, made complete separate reports for their fertilizer departments in 1914, and the statistics were, there- fore, included in the totals for fertilizers given in Table 28. Fertilizers.— The principal products manufactured, by kind, quantity, and value, are shown in the follow- ing table for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The statistics presented pertain to the establishments manufacturing fertilizers as their product of chief value. As early as 1869 there were 15 establishments in the state engaged primarily in the manufacture of fertilizers, with an output valued at $632,352. The industry developed during the following decade, and in 1879 Maryland was the leading state, with products valued at $5,770,198. It retained" this position until 1904, since which year it has ranked second. In 1909 there were 41 establishments in the classified industry, with fertilizer products valued at $8,983,265. In 1914 the number of establishments had increased to 48, and including a small production of fertUizers by establishments in other industries, the total product of the state was 875,996 tons-, valued at $13,488,984. Table 28 1914 1909 1904 Total value '$13,986,704 $9,672,786 $6,631,763 Fertilizers: Tons (2,000 lbs.) 875,669 $13,482,931 516,856 $10,010,781 222,401 $1,790,875 136, 412 $1,681,275 $503,773 608,699 $8,983,265 318,542 $6,015,143 184, 524 $1,838,959 105,633 $1,129,163 $689,521 500,889 $6,308,842 289,594 $4,302,992 132 803 Value Complete and ammoniated fertili- zers- Tons Value Superphosphates- Tons Value $1,309,620 78,492 $696,230 $322,921 Other fertilizers- Tons Value All other products, value - ' In addition, 327 tons of fertilizer, valued at $6,053, were manufactured as a sub- sidiary product by establishments engaged primarily in other manufacturing industries. The principal materials used in 1914 were 304,476 tons of phosphate rock, 193,941 tons of sulphuric acid, 116,942 tons of ammoniates, 48,520 tons of pyrites, and 38,560 tons of kainit. The production for 1914 was an increase of 43.9 per cent over that of 1909. Complete and ammoni- ated fertilizers constituted the largest class manufac- tured during each of the three census years. Besides the products shown in the table in 1914 and consumed in further processes, 425,447 tons of acid phosphate and 110,568 tons of sulphuric acid (50° Baume) were manufactured and consumed in further processes by 18 of the 48 establishments reporting. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 574 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Printing and publishing. — The following table gives the number and the aggregate circulation per issue of the various classes of newspapers and periodicals reported for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 29 PEWOD OF ISSUE. NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total... 182 163 199 938,364 800,550 873,594 Daily 19 4 '3 125 16 15 18 5 13 120 13 4 20 5 22 11 400,680 265,817 ■ 12,862 161,046 86,670 11,290 310,870 182,582 18,075 185,654 100,069 3,400 296,878 182,500 244, 176 Monthly . 123, 150 26,890 • Includes one triweekly publication. ' Includes two serai weekly publications. There was a substantial increase both in total num- ber and aggregate circulation of publications during the five years ending with 1914. The increase in num- ber was 19, or 11.7 per cent, and in circulation, 137,814, or 17.2 per cent. The greatest increase was in the Sunday circulation, 83,235, or 45.6 per cent. The reported circulation of the semiweeklies, weeklies, and the monthly publications decreased. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^Table 30 gives the quantities and values of flour-mUl and gristmill products for the last three censiis years. Table 30 1914 1909 1904 $8,163,869 1,105,577 $5,152,538 2,211 $8,820 1,564,878 $50,783 170,431 $605,583 2,464,036 $46,961 49,202 $1,315,693 32,947 $973,570 $3,569 $6,352 $9,267,903 1,130,165 $6,097,871 5,296 $23,304 2,558,744 $69,279 230,332 $741,075 2,289,617 838,966 81,804 f $2,174,260 $47,576 $75,572 87,318,212 1, 015, 962 Wheat flour: Value $4, 860, 634 Rye flour: Barrels 2,858 $14,463 Buckwheat flour: 1,642,766 $45,109 298, 196 Corn meal and corn flour: Value $722,991 Hominy and grits: 3,011,460 $41,861 Bran and middlings: Tons Feed and offal: 70,923 $1,597,631 Value. All other cereal products, value. . . All other products, value $35,523 The output of wheat flour in 1914 was 24,588 barrels less than in 1909 and 89,625 barrels more than in 1904, or an increase of 8.8 per cent for the decade. The high price of flour prevailing in 1909, as compared with the low price in 1914, is the principal cause of the decrease. Wheat flour, including bran and mid- dlings, formed 79.2 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts in 1914; feed and offal, 11.9 per cent; com meal and corn flour, 7.4 per cent; buckwheat flour, and hominy and grits, each six-tenths of 1 per cent. Bran and middlings and feed and offal together show, in value, an increase of $115,003, or 5.3 per cent, over Digitized by 1909, and corn meal and corn flour show a decrease of 18.3 per cent. The equipment reported for the miUs in 1914 were 779 stands of rolls, 314 runs of storie, and 102 attrition mOls. Cotton goods. — In the following table the principal materials and products of the cotton-goods industry are shown, by kind, quantity, cost, and value, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. This industry is one of the oldest in the state. As early as 1849 there were 24 establishments reported, with products valued at $2, 1 20, 504. During the years from 1849 to 1914 the number of establishments decreased about one-haH, whUe the value of products increased more than 200 per cent. Table 3 1 Total cost.. Domestic cotton; Pounds Cost Cotton yarn, purchased: Pounds Cost Cotton waste, purchased: Pounds Cost Starch, cost Fuel and rent of power, cost . All other materials, cost PRODUCTS. Total value Duck:' Square yards Value Other woven goods: Square yards Value Cotton yarns and twine for sale: Pounds Value All other products, value. $4,452,325 26,444,796 $2,979,256 4,746,710 $806,266 2,126,442 $122,088 $1,848 $130,058 $412,809 $6,790,935 13,212,632 $3,846,524 4,727,950 $802,760 4,181,840 $944, 771 $1,196,880 1909 $4,011,741 27,460,792 $3,230,428 2,254,334 $414, 199 952,245 850,917 $2,924 $86,911 $226,362 $5, 522, 293 13,872,294 83,478,113 7,656,494 $958,336 4,479,173 $703,310 $382,535 1904 $3,873,475 27,054,032 $3,293,937 1,910,717 $329,055 916,992 $46,528 $4,20S $76,769 $122,378 $5,244,742 14,148,404 $3,622,713 8,652,972 8834,074 2,871,451 $431,076 8356,879 1 Does not include duck used in further processes of manufacture by establish- ments producing it. Some of the important cotton mills of Maryland operated only part of the year 1914. The quantity and cost of cotton used decreased slightly in 1914, as compared with 1909 and 1904, but the deficiency was more than counterbalanced by increases in yarns and waste. A smaU quantity of foreign cotton and of dyed, bleached, and. other prepared cotton was used in 1914, but the statistics can not be shown without; disclosing operations of individual estabhshments. Duck, which constituted more than, half the value of products at each of the censuses, decreased sMgKtly in quantity from census to census but shows a larger value for 1914 than for either of the other years. Shipbuilding, including boat building. — This indus- try includes the building of both iron and steel and wooden vessels, as well as. small craft of aU kinds and the repair of such vessels. The number and gross toimage of aU vessels launched in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown, by classes, in Table 32. ■ IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 575 Table 32 1914 1909 1904 Num- ber. Gross tonnage. Num- ber. Gross tonnage. Num- ber. Gross, tonnage. Total 5 tons gross and over 58 36,961 52 34,160 72 32,003 10 8 29,094 27,094 9 5 1 3 43 2 8 3 30 19,167 17,473 1,034 650 15,003 260 693 116 14,034 12 10 11,222 Steam 10,170 Sail Unrieeed 2 48 3 6 2 37 2,000 7,867 274 194 64 7,335 2 60 10 1,052 20,781 1,550 Wooden Motori Sail 4 46 384 18,847 1 Includes sailboats with auxiliary power in 1914 and 1909. The gross tonnage of iron and steel vessels increased steadily from 1904 to 1914, while the gross tonnage of wooden vessels showed a material decrease from 1904 to 1909, and also from 1909 to 1914. In addition to the vessels shown in the table, there were smaU power boats under 5 tons launched during the year, as fol- lows: 1914, 75; 1909, 77; and 1904, 39. There were also sailboats, rowboats, canoes, and scows built, each of which was less than 5 tons gross register, repre- senting a total value of $37,726 in 1914, $46,632 in 1909, and $12,140 in 1904. The amounts received for repair work were $1,374,515, $985,112, and $1,010,622, respectively, for the three years. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 33, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Maryland for 1914 and 1909. Table 33 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done . POWER I.AUNDKIES. Number or amount. 1914 54 1,921 62 144 1,716 2,2U $1,164,371 697,967 104,175 593, 792 43,389 259,456 1,391,902 1909 41 1,497 44 175 1,278 1,091 S643,458 466,569 117,996 348, 573 100 24,092 165,695 993, 766 Percent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. -17.7 34,2 102.7 80.9 49.6 -11.7 70.3 80.1 66.6 40.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Maryland ranked twenty-sixth among the states in amount received for work done, and twenty- seventh during the year 1909. With the exception of the number of salaried employees and the amount paid for salaries, the table shows increases for aU items given. The increase in receipts for wotk done and in average number of wage earners amounted to 40.1 per cent and 34.2 per cent, respectively. Establish- ments owned* by individuals reported 36.8 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 42.3 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 20.9 per cent. Table 34 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in laundries on the 15th of each nlonth, or the nearest representative day, and the per- centage which this nmnber represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 34 January... February.. March April May June July August September. October November December . WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 1,664 1,669 1,627 1,642 1,745 1,764 1,732 1,719 1,730 1,741 1,775 1,777 1909 1,267 1,262 1,260 1,265 1,285 1,272 1,288 1,287 1,283 1,300 1,304 1,285 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 93.6 93.9 91.6 92.4 98.2 98.7 97.5 96.7 97.4 98.0 99.9 100.0 1909 96.4 96.0 96.6 97.0 98. S 97.5 98.8 98.7 98.4 99.7 100.0 98.5, Table 35 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 35 HORSEPOWER. KTOT). ENGINES OR MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of in- crease,' 1914 1909 1914 1909 1909- 1914. 75 51 2,211 1,091 102.7 Owned 68 66 2 17 17 40 39 1 11 H 2,137 2,087 60 74 74 1,023 1,019 4 68 8 60 108.9 Steam engines and turbines Internal-combustion engines Rented 104.8 Electric other Electrifr-Generated in establishments 106 45 326 94 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 36 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 36 Unit. QUANTITY. Percent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease ' 1909- 1914. Ton, 2,240 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs Barrels 603 14,345 220 35,595 1,067 10,390 29 4,089 —43 6 Bituminous coal 38 1 Oil Gas 1,000 cubic feet 770.5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 576 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. GENERAL TABLES. Table 37 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the nmnber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and in the city having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 38 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in the city with 50,000 inhabitants or more, sta- tistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 37.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,797 4,837 3,852 111,585 107,921 94,174 263,753 218, 244 165,449 11(53,792 45,436 36,144 S238,972 199, 049 150,024 $377,749 315,669 243,376 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 48 41 39 247 295 202 1,991 1,439 1,256 473 506 550 7,242 5,324 3,984 11,398 13,807 10,663 $1,052 617 524 241 227 212 $9,968 6,963 4,992 6,919 8,003 6,210 $13,987 9,673 6,632 Flour-mill and gristmill products. Boots and shoes 7 14 20 595 594 681 242 252 182 278 239 247 824 912 546 1,447 1,431 1,040 8,164 9,268 7,318 Boxes, fancy and paper.. . 1914 1909 1904 21 17 15 905 684 502 611 365 219 292 183 132 625 395 221 1,279 853 496 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 43 29 13 332 212 • 128 2,191 1,350 232 152 92 41 2,357 1,550 248 2,975 1,863 404 Brass and bronze prod- ducts. 1914 1909 1904 15 17 9 392 219 107 2,078 243 153 243 98 44 753 432 182 1,173 748 318 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 <179 157 2 118 4,423 4,798 4,899 8,477 6,785 5,627 2,729 2,751 2,810 5,122 5,956 3,946 10,659 11,978 10,586 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 523 516 428 2,038 1,962 1,691 2,220 1,212 766 1,027 893 763 4,630 4,363 3,067 8,098 6,868 6,159 Fumisliing goods, men's. . 1914 1909 1904 15 26 17 561 436 752 94 53 259 192 155 194 611 494 726 1,142 895 1,221 Brick, tile ,terra-cotta , and fire-clay products. 1914 1909 1904 41 66 66 1,721 1,946 2,389 6,258 6,151 , 5,837 720 779 923 498 455 365 1,645 1,728 1,949 Fnmi tnrft 1914 1909 1904 45 48 51 1,998 1,856 2,280 2,892 2,876 2,859 1,012 835 959 1,823 1,601 1,624 3 784 3' 360 3,445 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 9 11 32 44 55 559 488 61 69 80 813 558 452 522 576 297 218 34 39 29 1,051 648 463 524 399 1,862 1,124 583 654 519 Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 18 18 12 6 7 1,234 476 227 1,184 1,052 1,677 1,555 1,361 1,030 427 398 220 128 783 505 1,405 629 458 400 237 4,157 3,223 1,994 1 501 Butter and condensed Tni1t, 1,038 Canning and preserving . . 1914 1909 1904 1465 468 2 408 8,640 8,613 9,146 10,698 7,007 5,799 2,402 1,926 1,790 12,958 10,090 9,173 18,029 13,709 12,935 Hats, straw 1904 1914 1909 6 7 7 649 2,173 1,694 426 1,307 930 354 1,040 688 159 2,392 1,783 690 4,826 3,347 Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clotliing, men's, includ- ing shu-ts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 130 126 119 5 5 20 21 21 723 757 946 589 538 5,969 5,549 4,977 1,245 879 985 66 217 6,056 7,308 4,245 412 372 415 356 260 3,955 3,535 2,837 565 541 698 233 201 8,880 5,193 2,610 1,385 1,330 1,485 653 483 13,229 9,059 5,752 Hosiery and knit goods. . . Ice, manufactured 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6 10 11 54 62 42 27 654 43 ■ 6 34 1,139 1,077 1,022 876 532 355 253 244 326 437 507 443 460 406 11,463 7,192 4,280 163 182 212 460 344 234 196 325 230 126 129 150 168 1,051 644 697 531 422 300 180 458 607 505 2,036 1,116 1,172 952 1,663 1,022 730 813 1,043 1,012 1914 1909 1904 301 359 157 18,062 19,784 13,849 6,110 4,061 2,185 7,317 7,563 4,110 20,598 20,966 ■ 14,772 39,048 36,921 25,653 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 10 13 17 440 466 531 1,458 1,321 982 229 211 218 2,629 2,114 1,483 3,485 2,661 1,911 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 1904 90 72 56 3,026 2,641 1,891 475 370 233 1,170 888 601 3,296 2,285 1,699 6,015 4,351 3,195 Liquors, distUled, whisky and brandy. 1914 1909 1904 21 25 27 274 276 304 3,244 2,695 2,894 279 142 201 1,544 1,149 1,399 7,269 6,362 2,567 CoSee and spice, roasting and grindmg. 1914 1909 1904 14 15 12 169 169 77 494 531 222 84 77 31 3,174 2,431 929 4,393 2,878 1,172 1914 1909 1904 14 20 21 1,073 909 820 6,836 6,187 5,963 945 711 599 2,166 1,569 1,302 7,262 5,690 4,967 Confectionery 1914 1909 1904 65 54 44 1,442 1,573 1,054 1,431 .1,424 800 466 463 294 2,457 3,162 1,517 3,764 5,082 2,618 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 '493 561 301 6,115 7,003 6,149 22,792 23,553 16,740 2,725 2,457 1,959 6,182 6,507 4,906 11,911 12,134 8,937 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels. 1914 1909 1904 34 40 29 259 323 381 328 441 332 139 135 196 390 358 427 696 617 765 Marble and stone work. . . 1914 1909 1904 102 89 42 990 1,455 1,091 3,212 4,241 1,414 579 793 660 783 957 875 1,831 2,427 2,244 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 1904 a 114 81 75 7,712 5,275 2,727 7,308 5,532 1,523 4,078 2,076 987 16,717 10,808 6,096 25,491 16,909 9,263 Mattresses and spring beds. 1914 1909 1904 17 19 20 244 198 174 239 178 116 107 86 75 446 469 366 7=4 729 578 Cotton goods 1914 1909 1904 13 16 12 3,424 3,966 3,993 16,975 13,128 11,995 1,239 1,139 934 4,452 4,012 3,873 6,791 6,522 6,246 Paint and varnish 1914 1909 1904 9 12 2 11 145 127 182 453 450 509 82 55 74 670 700 411 1,027 1,001 681 , l?<'lu 250 1,669 1,669 300 21,708 13.878 7,830 ?fl 173 162 11 4 4 658 520 38 66 513 1 740 559 181 17 465 441 100 197 90 38 16 24 331 35 957 375 582 8 115 4,606 40 80 5 15 11 21 3,078 10 395 16 16 285 6,582 68i' 442 239 1 24 430 270 160 "'i,"ii6' • 328 2,192 27 28 10 5,522 230 3,660 3,265 395 21 2,900 476, 274 445,780 29,494 1,475 107,039 106,423 32,821 38,114 21,915 9,233 3,340 l;616 13,435 ^0 1,717,249 1,708,568 8,681 68 45 23 33 34 35 % 103,236 102,852 13,586 46,028 16,400 18,338 8,600 384 41,884 13,261 132,744 113,189 19,555 15,496 31,792 146,894 161,790 12,600 11,431 1,300 • 7,490 80,228 80,228 42,866 12,360 18,945 6,057 10 10 2 37 38 39 40 8 41 49. 43 133, 143 4,075 216,010, 198,546 17,464 5,255 28,900 77,671 356,405 950 7,329 391 3,966 273 10,193 541 20,894 15,360 5,634 3,516 6,087 49,603 20,765 1,043 1,074 5 1,725 3,158,297 256,050 3,031,629 2,416,371 615,268 388,228 520,046 4,322,267 1,302,538 91,669 37,487 7,316 46,837 3,811 37,160 9,855,633 ■96,063 6,842,998 163 100 1,245 1,041 204 305 20 9,708 660 137 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 1,570 560 1,020 73,623 60,748 12,875 8,161 13,687 50,486 38,626 241 15 226 15 17 '2,'662' 6,725 3,600 429 250 , "* 54 1,975 2,562 1,010 2,538 6,492 32,643 4,008 13,410 52 71 12 56 57 68 4,420 286,237 10,488 64,503 10,498 338,028 18,389 54,205 6,836 29,063 180 73,721 2,453 ' 23,089 4,081 68 15 60 61 62 6,140 i,473 4,390 » Same number reported for one or more other months. 6 None reported for one or more other men ths. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 580 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. . Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerts, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under IB. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Food preparations, not else"V7here specined. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Machine-shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Store and office fixtures Gas and electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hardware Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods House-fiu'nishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Instruments, professional and scien- tlflo. Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime Liquors, distilled, whisky and brandy. Liquors, malt Lithographing I:Ookiiig-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products Lumberj planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Marble and stone work, other than slate. Roofing slate Mattresses and spring beds Millmery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Mimerals and earths, ground Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. OU, not elsewhere specified Pamts Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds - . , Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing. . . Book publishing without print- ing. Linotype work and typesetting. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Prmtiug, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printmg Printing materials 128 13 115 12 15 4a 62 5 21 10 25 21 14 6 11 886 76 102 99 3 17 18 57 7 10 3 6 13 60 16 U 3 20 4 197 181 3 10 3 134 8 102 24 4 455 3,307 646 2,661 71 678 2,250 1,698 552 35 1,786 1,259 135 143 2,323 1,119 44 688 31 167 479 289 373 1,288 642 117 3,222 1,847 1,190 1,072 118 317 424 273 67 46 13 203 1,655 673 599 118 83 146 562 2,970 128 85 2,093 1,177 781 135 19 110 4 106 16 19 52 45 46 5 24 8 23 7 3 12 fl 481 74 98 174 158 3 13 96 32 201 29 172 64 19 1 74 102 2 20 65 26 12 5 6 17 156 134 6 10 287 22 205 1 65 121 32 2 391 36 2 132 39 7 34 128 14 15 26 19 219 187 3 1 581 449 26 1 10 3 65 2 15 5 1 4 137 110 1 26 163 332 2,668 689 2,079 47 661 1,998 1,501 497 26 1,234 1,184 65 73 112 102 2,173 1,077 632 24 122 440 236 274 1,073 457 98 2,616 1,517 990 880 110 244 360 185 49 32 133 418 548 58 94 520 2,284 2,140 115 21 1,136 591 645 394 Fe Je Oo My 2,242 75 595 Fe 1,631 Se 544 Des My Fe Oc Au My My No Je Ap Mh Jy3 Oc Mh Jy Je Jy m Je Oo Ja Se My Ap Je No Je' No 26 1,469 1,361 63 77 121 111 De 2,603 Je 1, 241 (•) 38 Au Ja 134 476 305 Jy 1,143 Jy 3 486 Oc 105 Ap 2,936 Au 1,581 Ap 918 129 256 386 207 147 ,662 430 76 60 481 544 Oc 2, 197 Ja 120 W 8 22 604 Oc 285 De 505 No 1,895 Jy De3 25 535 De 1,362 Ja 471 Au3 24 Au 1,066 Au 581 No 47 Je 71 Oo 3 108 Jy 96 Jy 650 De 906 (') 38 Ja Ap 376 21 My 114 Oc 411 De 186 Au 161 De 1,002 No 3 440 Au 94 Se 2,380 De 1,412 Fe 841 Oc3 67 Ffl 2,31 Jv 322 Ja 162 De 23 Des 31 m 9 De8 125 Fe 1,600 Au 40b Fe Des Jy" Po Ja Au 2,082 Au 3 113 « 8 De' 20 Au Jy 572 533 370 2,688 599 2,089 66 664 2,005 1,614 491 1,237 1,282 54 115 111 2,495 1,009 127 447 252 353 1,086 447 101 3,642 1, 522 109 240 368 18S 63 31 128 420 620 58 596 644 2,181 116 20 1,157 692 565 300 2,677 599 2,078 30 110 1,983 1,500 483 1,230 1,043 43 72 115 924 1,448 252 20 18 692 19 110 440 248 334 1,086 382 100 3,639 1,498 1,025 917 108 225 43 184 63 31 98 1,608 179 619 22 56 216 536 1,931 1,814 93 4 20 1,030 585 445 1 Owned power only. 10 Des 15 Mhs 6 15 14 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 12 318 30 156 44 "366 8 346 320 22 86 6 149 2 39 43 41 26 $1,268,025 9,040,600 1,489,381 7,551,119 140,118 625,603 3,477,290 2,601,948 975,342 13,316 20,663,210 1,109,339 45,028 136,858 193,648 96,440 1,141,063 37,512 360,156 2,432,806 429,803 6,463,061 1,094,741 115,420 2,782,848 3,509,983 2,133,344 1,833,050 300,294 366,700 iro,231 32,430 52,907 669,349 9,133,002 1,482,138 l,169,r- 167,403 87^926 188,645 782,218 4,439,188 3,990,507 158,446 262,545 37,690 2,873,832, 1,728,902 1,067,696 77,235 30,258 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 581 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEH. Salaries and wages. For contract • work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated m estab- Usb- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en-* gfnes.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 "Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 866,373 402,526 51,945 350,681 27,230 118,032 96,367 21,665 10,500 85,010 55,545 1,300 18,594 7,100 2.060 275, 118 24,420 81,613 810 4,368 67,077 14,077 148,736 259, 450 52, 724 1,000 109,354 158,620 100,462 94,192 6,270 23,805 11,932 10,827 9,290 2,340 7,000 93,653 151,063 52,284 17,595 8,560 8,876 49,628 385,437 319,374 9,877 47,546 8,640 248,875 127,500 69,115 52,260 I 4,515 I J42, 809 238,220 27,876 210,344 3,770 61,927 132,094 100,723 31,371 1,100 192,602 49,961 1,434 2,580 3,176 10,388 231, 778 20,331 520 34,717 11,864 20,252 11,866 65,002 188,206 62,864 7,150 66,284 137,388 58,317 57,406 912 26,925 33,436 9,558 2,643 1,200 45,823 58,879 127,361 16,669 21,072 16,976 15,559 18,779 271,659 236,520 3,457 31,082 600 729,403 566.002 50,363 113,038 1,309 1152,173 1,685,537 362, 276 1,323,261 32,851 191,523 1,012,404 720,361 292,043 14,640 397,764 782,860 26,312 36,180 60,330 57, 767 1,040,024 344,305 26,282 324,800 12,512 89,574 228,572 98,642 279,278 945,455 265,298 46,582 1,094,255 881,551 579,250 540, 103 39,147 106,741 106, 955 101,356 21,557 21,089 5,205 76,953 926,623 177,592 294,622 27,150 66,613 44,669 276,880 1,394,101 1,323,496 51, 828 4,544 14,233 859,570 568,624 290,946 12,025 36,437 36,437 1,084 19,890 14, 109 5,781 92 4,971 2,075 4,540 150 250 14,852 150 27,737 43, 794 9,173 152, 139 12,428 8,758 8,758 2,962 1,217 212 7,106 1,972 2,366 ""289 185,475 77, 941 "167,' 534 123,637 22 15,331 108,284 $21,260 $6,179 60,238 3,532 56,706 62,191 8,583 43,608 8,052 16,086 49,236 37,076 911 1,663 21,448 15,883 12,160 5,565 1,740 22 303,997 8,533 26 15,944 2,734 12,575 2,022 3,611 5,946 1,829 547 56,681 4,212 4,309 27,381 3,089 75 11,380 1,570 31,547 498 7,194 4,596 3,008 760 11,682 2,232 11,561 4,634,883 401 14,585 9,068 5,996 1,333,274 2,066 210 22,358 32,616 39,923 26,649 26,649 14,377 12,112 2,265 20,127 10,825 11,647 2,220 1,924 2,574 2,122 4,118 937 171 1,315 4,390 1,500 19,370 5,400 392 3,646 22,971 31,288 7,203 4,036 2,850 6,032 5,058 1,720 382 1,562 3,173 114,542 24,635 102,105 2,800 8,617 22,098 356 1,903 1,020 278 105,009 30,501 74,644 19,944 21,626 8,167 10,421 2,040 708 67 5,783 ^ Same number reported for one or more other months. $2,304,430 152,619 3,055,802 624,678 2,431,224 149,371 67,857 81,514 75,566 606,660 1,788,266 1,425,407 968 4,790 34,648 27,063 362,859 7,495 26,769 353,763 272,639 28,027 260 1,051,617 127,004 902 192,806 14,306 65,995 94,154 30,613 1,884 2,368,574 627,747 36,110 23,651 16, 762 612 131,920 9,563 289,641 761 112,603 2,604, 6U 66,030 1,345 24,299 85,700 1,447,956 96,868 2,019,674 394, 046 101,957 1,165,080 146,470 6,496 488 7,762 2,865,663 25,104 734,^07 726,398 48,681 ' 42,477 7,809 6,204 439,441 121,867 250,845 10,968 11,079 6,419 3,009 5,288 4,864 1,243 95,228 612,291 3,763,604 943, 489 301,677 88 3,962 362,123 10,016 82,159 120,145 29,121 268,644 411,043 1,627 1,721 3,185 32,114 1,958,236 55,509 1,890,843 52,947 13,085 52,642 1,368 .375 1,361 1,134 1,167,896 28,943 921,807 222,588 12,601 16,342 23,501 6,687 434 $2,976,026 6,615,128 1,266,964 5,358,174 164,568 1,142,429 3,784,496 2,854,299 930,197 68, 739 4,166,835 1,600,982 70,671 361,020 199,396 229,635 4,826,039 1, 115, 701 88,001 1,662,983 288,070 3,486,016 389,686 7,259,230 7,251,866 1,066,392 193, 133 3, 421, 779 4,932,396 1,830,519 1,756,280 74,239 784,037 451,515 559,481 56,294 52,345 120,723 962, 799 6,149,606 2,958,431 286, 798 136,930 386,392 882,342 5,546,639 5,075,908 157, 105 277,659 35,967 4,260,487 2,909,852 959,866 390,769 26,296 3017,976 3,409,956 664, 519 2,845,436 88,034 630,979 1,961,682 1,401,839 559,843 41,710 2,751,615 1, 101, 439 41, 742 153,908 102, 788 133,597 2, 433, 814 472, 192 51,279 1, 141, 422 28,646 174, 122 866, 106 237,966 5, 715, 416 6,085,722 664,851 90,688 2,248,947 2,051,729 1,047,631 987,405 60,226 338, 177 326, 639 303,348 40,462 40,023 25,407 346, 546 2,023,778 2,004,926 504,663 165,026 105,088 113,563 439,185 3,532,894 3,132,423 102,800 264, 199 33,472 3,063,648 1,975,444 720,936 367.268 20; 275 < Same number 2,191 498 134 1,559 6,111 1,491 4,620 2,518 462 2,056 527 16 3,050 1,029 2,021 962 366 597 527 16 6 94 2,892 2,392 6 69 844 714 ii" 205 205 35 1,872 1,547 176 131 500 325 45 130 13 1,677 1,030 6 428 164 20 1,307 443 38 11,463 36 "'i,'6i5' 365 13 18 255 44 410 5 175 48 20 72 83 38 60 19 13 118 1 419 214 1,188 2,63 95 20 1,210 320 25 40 11,267 106 17 30 24 1,468 605 3,244 24 ""566' 1,458 562 3,126 43 34 70 14 216 6,836 411 12 11,684 5,576 310 1,260 88 12 - 20 837 300 13 11,572 55 37 5,907 4,621 343 943 386 3,212 2,795 2,479 2,239 15 15 718 641 814 814 417 239 104 178 829 90 240 177 225 44 98 55 37 8' 6 14 ""io '"m 41 404 39 '"'53' 1 398 15,028 647 3,009 1 25 200 213 301 "9," 560' ""'733' 340 13,754 393 2,683 33 '"'ii' 25 i'.bVi 123 13 170 416 96 1 26 13 32 20 3 25' 100 128 345 10 50 3,226 595 153 2,477 685 3,192 29 595 153 2,444 29 685 4 3,268 4 2,487 5 626 153 2 2,691 577 575 61 20 133 2 2,096 391 5" 21 5 16 reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 582 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR NDUSTRT. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. ■ — Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- In- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINBD AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Begalia and society badges and em- blems. Eooftng materials, other than metal.. Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing estabUsnments. SUpbuildiug, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Repair work only Small boats Shirts Signs and advertising novelties . - Silk goods, including throwsters . Silversmitning and silverware . . . Slaughtering and meat packing. . Soap Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Statuary and art goods Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and hot-air furnaces and ranges. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tinware, not elsewhere specified. . Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Tools, not elsewhere specified Toys and games , Tiiunks and valises Umbrellas and canes. Varnishes Vinegar and cider Window shades and fixtures. . Wirework, including woven-wire fencing. Wood, turned and car ved Woolen and worsted goods All other industries* 26 217 5 4 7 13 6 3 179 63 IS 304 91 2,182 503 326 85 92 5,522 115 905 196 1,543 30 4,647 25 74 442 3,318 3,673 38 53 63 594 24 4 95 36 365 12,664 16 242 6 4 7 12 4 4 2 131 14 67 48 10 5 11 2 11 52 56 5 43 3 10 344 5 3 149 7 15 197 3 358 1 6 35 116 161 6 5 4 4 1,100 2 "m 6 8 20 17 3 91 1 7 4 13 2 226 10 199 71 2,039 429 75 5,153 90 874 148 1,221 19 4,155 20 54 330 3,072 3,212 22 42 45 484 12 47 78 25 349 10,763 Se Ja No 53 16 225 74 Ja 2,274 Au Je My 319 93 97 Mh 5,929 Ap Ja Fe Mh 123 960 169 1,271 20 Mh 4,476 Au3 Oo Ja 25 59 324 Fe 3,824 Mh 3,366 Au Se Au Mh No 537 14 Mhs Ap Ocs Ja De 44 Je 4 Se 166 Au' 68 De 1,823 De 249 No 38 De 44 Oc 4,294 Des 72 De 678 Au 129 Oc 1,170 Fe 18 De 3,715 Oo Des Au De Ja 2,406 Se 2,909 De3 21 Fes 12 Ja 43 De Jy3 418 11 Ja De De3 De 24 246 45 11 194 73 2,043 445 292 72 81 5,461 147 1,221 19 4,209 22 53 325 3,079 3,219 21 83 44 497 12 11 186 73 2,030 444 292 71 81 881 72 324 147 1,210 19 3,031 22 53 324 2,474 1,053 21 60 40 129 10 4,364 12 368 25 282 19 752 1 1 486 2,143 347 2 3 303 1 101 1 123 70 13 $72,690 22,^2 635,986 104, 192 4,421,595 620,466 402,436 93, 163 124,847 5,337,650 146,841 712, 794 599, 724 4,419,828 78,124 11,482,924 17,225 88, 770 790,999 810,084 10,754,625 4,172,472 49,967 40,009 25,248 874,204 44,372 2,912 264,603 62,895 32,929 570,394 66,228,665 1 Owned power only. * Includes rented power, other than electric. *AI1 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 2 Artificial flowers : . 3 Artificial limbs 1 Automobiles 2 Babbit metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 3 Bags, paper, not Including bags made in paper mills 4 Baking powders and yeast 4 Bells 1 Belting, leather -2 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bluing 2 Boot and shoe cut stock... 1 Boot and shoe findings 2 Butter, reworking 1 Card cutting and designing 1 Carpets, rag 3 Carriages and sleds, children's 3 Cars, steam-railroad, not including op- erations of railroad companies 1 Cement 3 Chemicals 3 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations ■ 2 Clocks 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Coke, not including gas-house coke. . . 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 3 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Dairymen's supplies, other than cream separators 1 Drug grinding 2 Enameling 2 Engraving, wood 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 4 Feathers and plumes 1 Fireworks 1 Flags and banners 1 Foundry suppUes 1 Furs, dressed - 1 Galvanizing 2 Gas machines and gas and water me- , ters 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Gold, leaf and foil 1 Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore 1 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 2 Hats, fur-felt 1 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 3 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914r-Continued. 583 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- ^es.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. S4,050 1,170 7,660 3,788 91,206 16,540 11,600 4,940 90,740 17,648 37,800 35,913 134,128 S,640 203, 709 10,786 33,203 179,763 49,269 4,900 2,080 4,240 M,594 1,927 19,000 3,224 44, 100 951,745 $5,248 348 41, 190 1,892 47,055 9,659 6,158 953 2,548 245,487 172,439 38,302 39,032 1,702,548 7,604 7,682 25,091 244,644 3,040 48,690 282,760 102,309 748,963 8,981 530,818 1,218 7,071 32,302 74,878 136,133 199,097 4,734 5,200 3,586 110,745 3,172 32,386 1,300 3,380 6,625 1,403,353 $20,920 5,659 108, 420 39,917 1,323,696 249,773 2,287,143 10, 589 37, 736 177, 930 232,392 1,466,897 1, 183, 726 10,466 13, 742 20,480 172,215 5,499 24,101 41,498 14, 108 141,949 1,007,495 $2,140 988 9,543 485 $500 589 2,200 10,802 5,897 60 4,845 98,487 195,883 600 84, 677 150 2,124 130 17,200 40,215 1,779 8,330 266,215 208 205 2,500 2,000 3,061 5,945 40,511 7,943 13,656 750 58,989 57,623 2,142 1,110 8,278 19,663 915 142 7,500 5,817 349 2,000 2,640 122,892 597 35,474 $756 202 6,936 985 20,337 5,435 3,056 1,999 380 14,648 613 3,935 4,323 28,585 331 80,175 33 462 6,964 4,379 32,010 662, 467 412 109 354 3,496 323 26 1,753 501 189 2,517 1,083,130 $48,489 $.584 5,142 424,380 362,725 549 3,576 6,592 1,705,212 ,65,049 323,658 7,911 256,775 30,156 36,727 5,538,906 5,361 983 1,567 41,894 83,471 405,657 111,219 13,619,908 77,111 3,635 17,858 2,530 147,061 1,821 7,254,114 118,119 9,764 66,271 237,305 131 3,286 8,419 569,161 9,376 8,741,644 2,434,744 29,212 22,998 29,536 78,714 19,611 1,611 465 42^ 982,519 52,863 1,060 401,325 4,853 394 157 1,048 40,309 1,874 34,189 454,731 71,774,085 42 7,415 2,857,743 $100, 557 15,724 735,048 492,601 3,776,809, 744,360 522,677 114,004 107,679 10,048,037 187,512 910,882 347,375 16,607,367 108,640 12,615,349 24, 940 146,965 650,323 1,174,444 11,732,273 6,361,600 69,664 68,233 78, 161 1,601,874 64,642 2,213 525,346 122,000 692,914 91,949,567 $51, 484 10, 033 307,092 123,284 2,006,548 412,791 260, 541 82, 865 69,385 4,467,237 100,406 487,367 233,626 2,840,398 29,708 5,243,116 15, 045 77,408 404,599 595,907 2,911,915 2,907,345 38,941 44, 770 48,201 ' 614,502 11, 385 1,006 122,973 79,817 35,638 230, 768 17,317,739 10 72 157 224 4,749 1,230 854 254 122 1,642 123 1,012 156 3,878 156 4,838 10 72 115 105 4,177 620 490 90 40 1,021 105 860 130 3,030 155 4,815 10 30 60 180 72 32 76 178 ■ 32 89 522 430 292 132 6 443 18 162 25 798 47 2,301 132 132 """433' "■■■313" 996 60 23 2,910 78 277 1,034 2,318 364 21 11 6 123 55 22 12 102 30 1,420 68,731 ■■■■226' 75 652 203 8 14 12 30 78 64 45 929 1,588 151 88 155 122 13 a 6 48 55 75 22 12 42 40 30 240 56,324 20 '8,"259 1,180 6 "'4,'i42' 30 37,736 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. Iron and steel, for^ngs, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails not made m steel worfe or rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Japanning 2 Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Jute goods 1 Labels and tags 1 Lainps 3 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 2 llirrors,tramed and unframed 2 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials,. not specified 2 Musical instruments, organs 3 Muslcallnstruments, pianos 3 Musioalinstruments, piano and organ materials 2 Nets and seines .- 2 Oakum '..... 1 Oleomargarine 1 Optical goods 2 Ordnance and accessories 1 Petroleum, refining 3 Pipes, tobacco 1 Plated ware 3 Poultry, killing and dressing 1 Pottery 1.. 3 Printing and publishing, music 2 Pulp wood 1 Pumps, with power other than steam. 1 Refrigerators 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Safes and vaults 1 S aws 2 Smelting and refining, copper 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soda-water apparatus 1 Sporting and athletic goods ' 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings, and steam and hot- ■ water heating apparatus 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stoves, gas and oil'. 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 1 Surgical appliances 3 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 2 Tin plate and terneplate 1 Tobacco, chewing and smokdng 2 Type founding 1 XJphoIstering materials, curled hair . . 2 Wall plaster 1 Watches 2 Whips 1 Window and door screens 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specfied. 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 584 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEABEST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tor."! and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOHB— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. BALTIMORE— All industries . Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails - Belting, woven Boxes, cigar Boxes, wooden packing.. . Bread and other bakery products . . . Brooms Canning, fruits and vegetables Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cloth, sponging and refimshing.. . Clothmg Clothing, men's, buttonholes Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum Ice cream Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Druggists' preparations and perfum- ery and cosmetics. Electrical machmery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating : Engraving and diesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fertilizers Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere speoined. Foundry and machine-shop products Foundries Machine shops , Fur goods , Furnishing goods, men's Furniture , Gas and electric fixtures , Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, straw House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Liquors, distilled, whisky Liquors, malt Lithographing „ Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not Including paper patterns. Paints Patent medicine and compounds Photo-engraving Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. PubUshing without printing Printing materials 2,502 87,453 2,548 2,154 6, 12 13 3 S 14 363 13 29 53 7 3 334 15 14 75 60 15 14 70 20 61 3 170 37 5 11 21 4 92 79 144 180 1,295 2,502 91 3,688 504 3,728 55 18,090 67 310 2,028 1,767 261 162 583 1,111 108 99 77 402 2,426 294 2,131 71 678 1,660 35 143 2,323 44 365 31 108 817 542 117 981 707 296 203 648 83 2,843 1,416 1,166 115 136 19 376 11 21 57 465 16 14 73 69 14 IB 86 16 7 8 16 13 2 13 32 141 23 1 202 359 1 153 14 226 6 1,228 101 179 163 16 5 35 298 150 16 134 15 24 2 54 5 150 70 39 13 18 4 158 22 29 228 6 222 1 65 31 43 85 16 209 529 449 17 63 1 3 2 4 1 i 106 1 46 5 2 1 425 1 12 66 64 12 11 110 10 64 5 137 138 73,769 66 53 119 169 1,219 1,632 70 3,290 412 3,490 15, 770 50 169 1,639 1,432 207 124 434 629 28 781 31 1,964 269 1,696 47 561 1,364 25 102 2,173 38 307 24 697 457 591 231 146 133 405 68 2,206 656 582 74 76,574 De 69,732 Ja 62 Jas 40 De 96 Jy 166 De 1,166 Je 64 Fe 136 De 173 Au 1,282 ■Tv 1,689 .Ta 1,559 No 84 Jas 61- Se 6,142 Mh 1,639 Je 430 Ufi 388 Ja 3,771 De 2,813 Dea 40 Au 35 Fe 17,042 No 12,931 Jv 53 Mh 46 Se 174 De 165 Oc 1,674 Jv 1,017 Au 256 Ja 176 Je Mh Ja Jy Ocs De3 De' n 143 482 706 71 30 20 971 44 362 Fe 316 Je 1,831 Oc 75 My 695 lah 1,415 De3 26 My 111 De 2,503 (<) 38 Ja 381 30 Ja ' 112 Je 734 Jy8 485 Oc Oo Oc Oc3 Se3 32 Jy Je Ja Ap Oc 105 857 631 239 158 34 147 412 60 2,261 Ja3 Au De 87 415 563 No 3 59, My 24 My 15 Au 59 De 618 Ja 15 Oc 245 De 236 Oc 1, 518 Jy 25 De3 535 De 1,257 Fe! 24 Jy 95 Jy 550 W 38 De Ap 240 21 Ap3 Ja3 594 76 Au 56 Des 655 No a 440 Au 94 Fe 786 Fe 567 Fe 220 Ja 132 De' 31 De' Au Jys 125 398 56 Au 2,144 Au No 563 70 77, 189 54 114 173 1,161 1,663 84 5,025 409 3,499 40 16,076 49 166 1,876 1,673 203 131 434 632 62 760 29 324 1,959 272 1,687 66 564 1,349 26 111 2,495 38 325 22 93 709 447 101 811 621 226 138 31 128 401 5S 2,242 669 583 76 47,613 26,926 1,408 76 1,062 1,370 76 1,627 406 3,481 21 6,968 34 103 819 628 191 131 396 229 67 27 17 44 760 12 261 1,962 272 1,680 30 110 1,331 26 82 924 20 324 19 84 709 382 100 798 612 213 138 31 163 56 639 579 60 10 74 90 1 240 7 3,244 11 8,742 13 56 877 865 12 401 3 5 36 426 1,448 18 * Owned power only. 10 De> 16 Mh' 6 15 14 2 Includes rented power, other than electric 1,242 30 229 19 186 2 6 31 31 16 1 149 149 $177,301,333 120,742 95,703 380,923 130,677 1,223,709 3,853,763 71,376 3,955,380 658,778 2,797,693 80,552 19,749,363. 16,617 1,643,453' 2,795,289' 2,302,058 493,231 256,141 490,078 2,996,481 111,293 13,615 14,735 71,591 7,543,496 87,280 1,045,615 6,559,791 377,320 6,182,471 140,118 2,556,490 13,316 96,440 2,690,897 37,512 2,253^669 36,833 2,368,681 6,767,474 1,094,741 116,426 1,781,159 1,219,203 311,942 248,649 32,430 669,349 1,431,105 87,925 4,243,775 1,924,912 1,721,155 127,272 76,485 30,268 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. 585 MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power.^ Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOBE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 15,168,966 J8, 299, 623 $35,509,234 12,848,836 $2,080,208 $4,881,607 1117,400,228 $3,132,991 -5215,171,530 $94,638,311 99,869 66,662 3,494 34 30,689 21,261 1 7,833 6,996 25,320 7,846 111,176 76,021 10,784 147,951 24,194 23,730 2,000 479,142 2,815 6,344 9,984 520 20,072 325,857 1,144 129,053 14,254 216,020 4,116 1,691,656 1,248 133,143 211, 102 195,708 15,394 3,203 26,156 377, 193 7,329 •391 39,329 32,810 40,714 «7,687 508,918 819,577 34,305 994,088 253,826 2,361,655 24,613 6,748,372 21,209 83,573 584,826 459,919 124,907 69,758 293,614 248,831 35,369 19,461 11,364 30,083 405,327 11,841 -134,094 1,274,384 163,200 1, 111, 184 32,851 191,523 732,867 14,540 57,757 1,040.024 26, 282 196,093 12,512 65,866 661,004 265,298 46,582 485,675 404,221 101,054 84,021 21,089 76,953 171,620 56,513 1,352,409 610,207 564,718 45,489 4,123 6,538 5,000 878 16,016 46, 120 1,079 68,247 17,888 1,498 454 1,779 1,719 14,837 36,608 279 39,018 6,428 1,083 597 67,056 37 10, 193 19,221 15, 147 4,074 1,781 5,603 22,336 1,074 5 51,466 125,070 250,352 131, 133 1,552,819 3,646,306 131,422 5,420,737 261, 144 7,328,112 8,578 18,103,912 4,209 3,158,297 2,881,796 2,391,851 469.945 128,085 438, 190 1,398,421 37,487 7,315 3,811 37, 150 4,107,299 95. 063 2,226,708 2,146,568 139,406 2,007,162 75, 566 606,660 1,206,650 26,769 94,154 2,368,574 36, 110 69,360 9,563 396,670 1,319,247 394,045 101,957 1,388,419 556,931 410, 979 196,127 11,079 612,291 916,688 29, 121 1,904,785 974,973 920,4.32 31,040 23,501 5,587 1,993 499 4,100 2,195 276 104,741 1,487 67,952 13,310 102,510 2,624 128,584 1,115 15,602 60,147 39,762 20,385 949 3,569 12, 493 2,204 1,560 657 • 1,020 42,625 571 46,359 87,172 24, 717 62, 455 968 4,790 24,042 260 1,884 23,651 612 182,373 751 21,662 98,737 6,496 488 12,064 24,628 6,187 4,176 1,243 3,962 9,125 1,721 53,486 14,705 12,524 2,181 145,233 206, 480 351, 772 244, 516 2,520,846 6, 606, 445 208, 122 7,497,337 778. 701 10,038,911 70,435 34,869,903 43,480 4,393,338 4, 651, 859 3,716,570 835,289 306,000 996, 116 2,976,269 121,034 43,472 37,755 138, 148 6,200.678 166,944 2,827,129 4,809,977 416 366 4,393,611 164, 568 1, 142, 429 2,732.118 68,739 229,635 4,826,039 88,001 999.718 38,960 2,106,338 4,723,961 1,065,392 193, 133 2,506,790 1,301,070 737,628 430,941 52,345 962,799 2,902,561 135,930 5,376,142 3,456,777 2,901,694 168,623 386,560 26,296 91,774 80,911 97,320 111, 188 967, 751 2,855,398 75,213 2,008,648 604,247 2,608,289 59,233 16,627,407 38, 1.56 1,219,439 1,629,916 1,284,957 344,959 176,966 654, 357 1,564,355 81,343 34,597 33,287 99,978 2,060,764 71,310 555,062 2,576,237 2,52, 243 2,323,994 88,034 630,979 1,501,426 41,710 133,697 2, 433, 814 61,279 747,985 28,646 1,688,106 3,306,977 664,851 90.688 1,106,317 719,611 320,462 230,638 40,023 346,546 1,976,748 106,088 3,417,871 2,467,099 1,968,638 135,402 363,059 20,275 45 9 225 148 4,133 1,817 26 1,834 576 3,328 231 4,892 17 494 2,046 1,419 627 122 126 775 80 57 23 21 2,681 10 2,059 3,949 .■?94 3,555 6 94 1,787 13 20 1,307 38 6,913 36 698 4,085 411 12 2,452 1,746 219 116 90 398 562 13 3,139 2,729 2,679 50 5 40 9 ^ 95 100 4,125 197 130 46 i\ 2 8 932 26 138 469 110 1 1,185 17 331 834 363 471 2 89 28 80 6 U 21 1,196 10 1,658 2,114 289 1,825 6 59 749 ■■■"825' ""236" 16 5,034 """"esi" i 430 270 160 '"""33i" 1 821 410 80 330 ii" 5 1,945 285 2,45» 4,450 352 6 688 7 8 1,688 90 3,218 230 3,660 8 16 9 10 2,900 581,692 1,475 13,435 62,231 54,986 7,245 3,047 12,909 41,750 1,975 2,562 2,338 6,492 13,307 4,008 20,719 52,808 2,324 50,484 8,052 15,086 47, 452 1,740 5,946 56,681 4,300 3,445 1,570 2,300 401 14,585 9,068 26,240 18,209 19,977 9,626 1,924 4,390 18,564 2,850 112,048 88,374 74,403 3,550 10,421 2,040 1,797,477 47 13 41,884 130,494 113, 189 17,305 6,636 31,792 167,365 11,431 1,300 273 500 500 163 1,176 1,041 135 105 20 650 Ti 36 15 21 15 17 96 i' 16 17 18 19 20 21 90 6,600 2,356 429 260 52 12 23 24 05 4,420 111,181 10,488 62,293 321,324 27,055 294,269 ■■"27,'236" 91,445 10,500 2,050 275,118 10,498 182,545 18,369 41,246 177,103 4,430 172,673 3,770 61,927 104,362 1,100 10,388 231,778 520 27,598 5,835 14,837 180 31, 163 2,453 5,606 39,647 4,366 35,281 911 1,553 16,279 22 547 27,381 75 22,200 498 1,340,531 907,547 2,055 210 19,814 8,582 2,310 2,892 171 3,646 31,036 382 23,419 24,695 21,586 2,401 708 67 1,385 ''6 17 2,025 35,087 369 1,472 106 1,367 132 363 28 29 35, 087 1,084 363 31 36 862 ?3 19,890 176 13 34 4,540 20 72 38 10 19 10 1,072 88 12 403 415 205 71 37 26 188 13 2,411 2,146 2,096 60 419 1,074 15 569 300 """382" 814 5" """"685" Sfi 1,210 25 37 250 1,577 55,376 810 28,375 110,858 52,724 1.000 77,741 67,330 21,885 6,827 2,340 7,000 149,786 8,560 377,339 192,920 127,500 13,160 52,260 4,515 6,903 688 3,013 310 ^9 17 40 41 21,198 121,862 62,854 7,150 100,739 63,469 25,749 5,636 24,000 50 9,173 49 13 43 1,980 1 1,329 30' 340 366 69 2 14 15 53 33 9 7,504 46 47 48 49 50 61 212 45,823 126,334 16,976 268,502 689,703 566,002 10,663 113,038 1,309 5,912 184,040 113,553 585 575 575 143 8 8 53 51 56 8,220 105,333 57 58 6,783 434 2i 5 ■"'ie' s Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout tRe year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 586 MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INBTJSTET AND CITY. Nmn- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 18, OR NEAHEST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, iuper- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, IStli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male- Maximum montb. Mi-niTTinm month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. BALTIMORE— Continued. Regalia and society badges and em- blems. Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments.. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Shirts ; Silversmithlng and silverware. . Slaughtering and meat packing. Stereotyping and electrotyplng. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes . . Toys and games Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes Varnishes Window shades and fixtures.. All other industries * 4 63 3 3 4 4 49 31 14 254 91 35 13 3- 2 43 4 2 1 171 71 11 ■ 226 17 8 7 194 19. 5 37 3 4,755 196 826 30 29 2 40 30 11 34 5 147 15 112 3 100 20 9 3 4,449 148 631 19 5 174 4 7 74 3,396 53 63 2 195 4 7 5 23 2 5 6 157 6 4 7 33 ""2 64 2,988 42 46 8 3 3 411 594 24 80 23,684 12 4 2 349 13 1 6 624 64 6 19 1,752 21 1 6 475 484 12 47 20,484 Ja No Ap 200 74 Mh 4,975 Ja 169 Fe 655 Mh 20 Oo 59 Mh 3, 140 Au 48 Mh 537 No 14 Mhs 48 De Se Au' 44 Oc 3,736 Au 129 Se 603 Fe 18 De3 53 Se 2,700 Pes 12 Ja 43 De Jy3 Ja 418 11 45 45 164 73 210 4,449 147 620 19 53 2,951 83' 44 497 12 47 21,198 24 1.56 73 210 .804 147 609 19 53 842 60 40 129 10 27 15,680 19 8 2 ■ 3,439 68 148 7 3 1 2,086 22 2 347 2 12 4,424 6 ....„ 8 17 1 13 8 714 "480' 172,690 491,527 104, 192 347,505 5,099,230 699,724 2,226,134 78,124 88,770 3,987,738 40,009 25,248 874,204 44,372 264,603 76,615,332 * All other industries embrace — Artificial flowers 3 Artificiallimbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 9 Babbit metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 3 Biags, paper, not including Taags made in paper mills 3 Bakmg powder and yeast 4 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 16 Bells 1 Belting, leather 2 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bluing. 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making 15 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boot and shoe findings 2 Boots and shoes 6 Boxes, fancy and paper 19 Brass and bronze products 13 Brick and tile, sewer pipe, and stove lining 4 Brushes 8 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Card cutting and designing 1 Carpets, rag 3 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Carriages and sleds , children's 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies . .' 1 Chemicals 3 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 2 Clocks 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods..-. 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 2 Cotton goods 3 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Drug grinding 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles, ex- clusive of that done in textile mills. 2 .Enameling 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water -5 Engraving, wood . . .- 1 Fancy articles , not elsewhere specified 4 Feathers and plumes 1 Fireworks 1 Flags and banners 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Furs, dressed I Galvanizing. . i 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Gas machines and gas and water meters 2 Glass 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting .- 6 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Gold, leaf and toil 1 Gold and silver reducing and refining not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 4 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 2 Hardware 6 Hats, fur felt 1 Hosiery and knit goods 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. CtTMBERLAND. Frederick. . . Hagerstown 74 3,169 64 70 165 53 2,817 67 1,357 63 40 91 17 1,146 113 4,030 101 134 174 47 3,574 Oc 3,071 Au 1,691 i'e 3,860 De 2,596 De 974 De 3,235 3,017 1,302 3,676 2,587 970 2,815 316 776 85, 135, 248 2,787,832 6,713,421 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MARYLAND. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914~Contmued. 587 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- U.sh- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED, AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 14,060 3,788 11,620 35,913 80,218 5,640 10,786 48,125 2,080 4,240 19,594 1,927 19,000 1,445,962 $5,248 "41,190 1,892 6,556 240,875 25,091 141,658 3,040 7,071 196,172 6,200 3,586 110,745 3,172 32,386 1,875,733 $20,920 94,224 39,917 121,685 1,528,870 102,309 374,199 8,981 37,736 1,099,469 13,742 20,480 172,215 5,499 24,101 9,982,516 $2,140 8,748 485 10,208 93,046 17,200 10,716 1,779 3,061 53,696 1,110 8,278 19,663 915 7,500 377,269 $300 195,883 160 206 750 142 404,464 $766 5,784 985 2,832 13,685 4,323 19,418 331 621,214 109 354 3,496 323 1,753 1,458,316 $48,489 381,967 362,725 149,081 5,363,571 111,219 7,462,819 "77,111 66,271 2,287,137 22,998 29,536 982,619 52, 863 401,326 32,236,842 $584 3,084 6,592 4,084 35,680 2,530 61,406 1,821 18,372 465 424 4,853 394 1,048 1,784,819 $100,667 649,513 492, 601 9,622,233 347,375 9,011,282 108, 640 146,966 6,032,685 68,233 78,161 1,601,874 64,642 625,346 59,663,358 $51,484 264,462 123, 284 196,690 4,222,982 233, 626 1,497,067 29,708 77,408 2,727,176 44,770 48,201 614,502 11,385 122, 973 25,541,697 10 148 224 656 1,328 155 1,898 166 78 353 11 6 123 66 12 38,129 10 13 89 256 382 25 448 47 423 313 376 ] 116 105 305 900 130 1,450 155 ■"■"263' 20 30 95 46 2 3 4 5 7 c 14 64 150 11 6 48 65 12 11,819 ""'i22' "6," 926' 9 10 11 75 25,241 1,036 33 16 Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Iron and steel , nails and spikes , cut and wrought, including wire nails, not madeinsteelworksorrollingmills.. 1 Japaiming 2 Jewehy 20 Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Jute goods 1 Labels and tags 1 Lainps 3 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 4 Lime 3 Lumber and timber products 1 Millinery and lace goods 16 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 2 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Musical instruments, organs 2 Musical instruments, pianos '. . . 3 Musical instruments, piano materials^ 1 Nets and seines 2 Oakum 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 2 Oleomargarine 1 Optical goods 2 Ordnance and accessories 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paving materials 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 19 Pipes, tobacco 1 Plated ware 3 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 3 Pottery, china ware 1 Printing and publishing, music 2 Pumps, with power other than steam 1 Refrigerators 1 Roofing materials, other than metal.. 3 Safes and vaults 1 Saws 2 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 5 Signs and advertising novelties 4 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soda-water apparatus 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stamped ware 6 Statuary and art goods 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus i Stencils and brands 2 Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges . . 6 Stoves, gas and oil ! 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 9 Surgical apphances 3 Suspenders, garters, and elastic wo ven goods 2 Tinware, not elsewhere speoiiied 22 Tobacco, chewing and smoking 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified 4 Type founding 1 Upholstering materials, curled hair. . . 2 Watches 2 Window and door screens 2 Wirework li Wood, turned and carved 5 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $163, 101 63,896 200,728 $136,475 90,947 216,923 $1,519,272 520,308 1,732,818 $8,472 1,037 100,415 $18,721 5,119 29, 818 3129, 310 16,651 39,632 $3,838,097 2,044,913 4,202,020 $155, 166 69,314 116,662 $7,112,609 3, 167, 237 7,412,397 $3,119,346 1,053,010 3,094,715 8,098 2,681 6,425 6,553 1,893 4,409 163 70 317 1,392 689 1,618 801 15 1,903 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MASSACHUSETTS. GENERAL STATISTICS. G-eneral character of the state. — Massachusetts, one of the original thirteen states, has a gross area of 8,266 square miles, of which 8,039 represent land surface. It ranks forty-fourth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 2,805,346, and in 1910, 3,366,416; and its estimated population in 1914 was 3,605,522. In total population Massachusetts ranked sixth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked second, with 418.8 inhabitants per square mile. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places baring 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 3,125,367, or 92.8 per cent of the total, as against 91.5 per cent in 1900. In 1914 there were 60 cities in the state each having an esti- mated population of more than 10,000, the aggregate population of which formed 80.1 per cent of the esti- mated total population, and reported 85 per cent of the staters manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 2,130, and the electric-raUway mileage in 1912 was 2,802. In addition, the transportation facilities provided by the excellent harbors afford exceptional opportunities for foreign and domestic commerce. The value of merchandise imported during the fiscal year 1914 through the customs districts of Massa- chusetts was $159,915,970, and the value of merchan- dise exported durii^ the same year amounted to 165,715,181. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Massachu- setts is preeminently a manufacturing state, and to a very "large extent the manufacturing industries de- pend upon outside locaUties for the raw material used. The superior and abundant water-power and trans- portation facilities give the state exceptional oppor- tunities for the most varied manufactures. These natural resources have had a marked influence in the estabhshment and growth of some of the most im- portant industries in the United States. In 1914 the state's manufactured products were valued at $1,641,373,047, the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 606,698, and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measui-e of the importance of manufactur- ing industries, amoimted to $709,989,254. In that year Massachusetts ranked fifth among the states in value of products and fourth in value added by manu- facture, while in 1909 it was fourth in both respects. In average number of wage earners it ranked third at both censuses. The value of the state's manufactured products in 1914 represented 6.8 per cent of the total for the United States; the proportions for 1909 and 1904 were 7.2, per cent and 7.6 per cent, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Massachusetts, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of cstablishnlents Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid lor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials -. . Value of products •. . . Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANTIFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. 1914 1. $1,548; 425, 83, 341, 9, 30, 93i; 1, 641, 709, 12,013 676,642 10, 710 59,234 606, 698 396, 722 960, 733 024.201 714.684 309', 517 834, 358 376, 744 383, 793 373,047 989, 254 1909 11, 684 644, 399 11, 194 48, 646 584, 559 1,175,071 $1, 279, 686, 558 364,452,007 63, 278, 543 301,173,464 12, 092, 607 21,295,364 830,764,943 1, 490, 529, 386 659,764,443 1904 10,723 532, 481 11,268 32, 824 488, 399 938, 007 $965,948,887 272,043,570 39, 654, 624 232,388,946 6,568,988 3 12,320,129 626,410,431 1,124,092,051 497, 681, 620 1899 10,929 m m 25,256 438, 234 796, 061 $781,867,715 224,758,018 29, 479, 742 195,278,276 m m 498,655,033 907,626,439 408,971,406 PEE CENT OF INCREASE. = 1909-1914 2.8 6.0 -4.3 21.8 3.S IS. 9 21.0 16.8 32.3 13.3 -18.7 42.6 12,1 10.1 7.6 1904-1909 1899-1904 9.0 21.0 -06 48.2 19.7 25.3 32.5 34.0 59.6 29.6 84.1 32.6 32.6 32.6 -1.9 30.0 11.4 17.8 23.. 5 21.0 34.5 19.0 25.6 23.8 21.7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. ' Exclu.^,lve of internal revenue. For 1914 aU the items in this table, except proprie- tors and firm members and amount paid for contract work, show increases over previous censuses; the per- centage of increase is, however, considerably greater for the period 1904-1909. The decrease of 484, or 4.3 per cent, in the number of proprietors and firm members from 1909 to 1914 is probably due to the fact that some establishments were incorporated during the period between the censuses and the proprietors and firm members reported in 1909 were returned as salaried employees in 1914. The number of salaried employees increased by 21.8 per cent during the five- year period. The decrease of 18.7 per cent in the amount paid for contract work is no indication of a depression in any industry of the state, because the expenditure for such work depends upon the methods and not upon the magnitude of the operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® (583) 590 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manaifacturiag industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OP 1914. PER CENI OP DJCEEASE ■ DnmsTET. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manulactuiB. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 19(19 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 189»- 1904 12,013 606,698 100.0 Sl,641,373,047 100.0 $709,989,254 100.0 3.8 19.7 11.4 10.1 32.6 23.8 7.6 32.6 21.7 Boots and shoes, including cut stnnlr pTid findings 884 189 171 932 1,344 107 126 91 86 1,419 9 20 689 42 57 148 227 77 61 26 60 145 202 202 137 11 66 12 19 5 336 16 21 8 162 52 65 43 169 20 97 6 306 24 27 73 19 17 67 69 30 34 7 32 11 68 119 13 29 86,114 113,559 54,256 41,361 18,170 3,582 10,164 17,125 13,401 8,083 8,087 7,614 8,166 4,743 11,437 6,787 7,645 10,635 3,182 2,106 5,829 6,964 6,505 6,076 6,485 2,889 3,439 5,319 4,495 943 3,926 6,264 466 2,899 1,381 3,906 1,903 3,316 2,688 1,113 4,244 2,135 3,858 1,395 2,467 1,620 2,383 2,163 2,777 2,026 1,950 490 93 460 2,298 469 1,430 2,356 1,437 14.0 18.7 8.9 6.8 3.0 0.6 1.7 2.8 2.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.8 1.9 1.1 , 1.3 1.8- 0.6 0.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 <2l 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 255,188,013 197,322,111 130,348,514 86,638,612 56,195,811 54,446,687. 45,266,434 43,869,294 43,362,545 33,309,051 23,788,788 23,280,246 23,012,033 23,011,349 22,455,086 20,130,823 19,613,767 17,419,077 15,751,637 15,608,044 15,579,059 14,281,057 14,176,857 13,982,687 12,974,022 11,376,008 11,198,790 10,981,344 10,676,681 10,209,949 9,269,400 8,829,666 8,676,047 8,389,073 8,262,960 8,213,341 8,169,014 7,692,118 7,347,123 7,297,476 7,084,976 7,021,312 6,734,313 6,684,918 6,511,512 5,958,863 , 5,762,048 6,542,421 5,341,576 4,918,886 4,877,699 4,875,740 4,789,601 4,671,310 4,680,839 4,042,622 4,022,635 3,993,336 3,910,029 15.5 12.0 7.9 5.2 3.4 3.3 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 . 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 90,946,177 77,487,777 47,271,091 54,648,989 39,378,580 6,970,870 12,071,373 26,172,387 16,741,797 15,037,903 13,333,963 6,931,971 9,835,388 8,869,611 11,466,083 7,843,563 9,198,642 8,162,406 9,800,244 10,687,891 6,891,854 8,423,213 7,465,726 6,318,362 9,580,500 2,574,197 5,656,368 4,313,064 4,716,644 2,906,742 6,468,592 4,632,784 2,363,105 3,733,108 4,939,822 4,611,208 2,663,273 3,222,481 3,836,936 2,317,236 3,413,102 3,827,348 4,849,210 3,330,297 ' 2,969,442 2,244,067 2,557,389 3,314,836 2,484,445 2,032,702 2,546,784 2,254,184 3,656,071 2,196,290 2,678,903 2,089,784 1,803,920 2,797,749 1,678,619 12.8 10.9 6.7 7.7 5.5 LO 1.7 3.7 2.4 2.1 1.9 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.4. 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 ■ 0.4 0.2 2.6 4.3 0.7 -6.4 3.6 7.7 -0.9 18.0 4.3 20.7 16.7 20.5 -9.1 38.8 26.0 22.3 4.2 7.0 38.8 21.1 13.6 -4.4 -12.4 4.6 -3.9 -7.3 -16.9 -10.7 9.4 18.4 22.9 22.3 23.2 16.0 9.8 13.0 64.9 9.8 20.6 -9.7 49.3 5.6 -31.7 20.9 33.1 39.4 22.4 24.1 14.0 7.6 -4.2 17.2 (^) 1.4 5.3 29.4 69.1 29.2 5.8 46.2 "'s.'i' -15.8 60.6 62.0 13.1 21.6 31.1 -7.6 8.0 5.8 -8.2 -1.5 • 18.4 22.6 13.2 55.9 8.1 27.4 27.1 46.7 0.1 45.7 2.6 31.9 7.1 18.2 42.2 22.7 16.1 3.0 6.8 19.2 11.7 -16.2 -1.4 -14.3 19.4 36.1 43.4 42.9 36.4 20.8 16.8 19.9 77.2 25.3 40.1 23.0 17.0 34.1 0.4 11.8 17.5 27.9 51.4 44.6 21.0 9.1 -4.7 -12.4 -2.0 13.9 26.4 7.4 69.9 -5.7 44.3 65.0 12.0 -6.7 85.1 0.4 29.0 7,5 5.0 35.0 17.0 13.0 4.5 -22.5 21.1 17.9 -27.2 -5.3 -18.8 34.2 32.2 63.3 47.8 41.8 21.9 33.6 ,9.0 80.0 26.2 31.2 33.7 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares.. -12.2 ■Woolen, worsted, and felt goods Foundry and machine-sliop prod- ucts 26.2 1.4 8.3 Slaughtering and meat pacMng Leather, tarmed, curried, and fin- ished 10.1 64.4 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies , 63.3 Paper and wood pulp... 37.6 Bread and other bakery products. . . 12.2 Cordage and twine and jute and 12.0 13.4 12.0 98.1 63.8 22.8 46.0 37.8 14.8 '"24.'6" 15.3 24.6 60.8 23.9 82.0 36.9 -1.6 50.9 15.7 -9.1 66.3 59,5 25.2 63.0 47.1 16.5 Lumber and timber iproducts Rubber goods, not elsewhere specS- 19.2 -1.2 Dyeing and finishing textiles Confectionery » 19.3 65.3 Clotiung, men's, including shirts Hosiery and Itmt goods 16.0 36.3 Gas, illuminating and heating Liquors, malt 17.1 6.8 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Furniture and refrigerators 9.8 31.9 23.9 29.1 -31.4 278.2 15.0 26.0 6.9 -11.2 36.3 28.0 -26.5 263.0 15.6 48.6 22.1 51.0 34.9 41.0 13.6 326.6 31.9 27.5 -1.2 -2.2 67.2 31.6 -10.9' 246.3 39.4 17.7 34.0 51.9 33.5 43.6 -29.9 320.6 76.4 23.0 -12.3 Jewelry 7.3 62.3 Cutlerjf and tools, not elsewhere 31.4 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills -14.8 Automobiles, including bodies and 201.9 Carpets and rugs, other than rag Silk goods, including throwsters Chocolate and cocoa products 1,2 33.8 10.6 21.3 24.9 -22.0 16.7 -8.0 31.3 -22.2 2.3 16.5 10.6 153.3 -23.1 2.7 37.8 -9.6 -10.7 -12.3 -22.0 20.2 23.6 14.5 89.8 0.4 16.6 28.1 -16.4 -4.2 -1L8 -0.7 28.9 16.9 614.6 -1.1 1.8 8.0 362,5 46.8 439.5 26.8 146.1 -10.8 57.2 120.2 14.9 54.9 26.9 46.5 -32.6 -20.7 -4.0 48.5 0.7 47.6 -26.5 14.2 37.4 29.9 32.1 'iie.'s' -16.2 31.4 -23.1 85.3 9.1 2.8 -22.2 -78.2 13.3 38.9 -2^4" "es.'s" 44.3 152.1 17.4 14.9 13.8 -13.0 26.8 -0.4 23.2 31.4 17.5 13.0 49.4 -12.4 11.2 -9.8 19.4 -36.9 18.8 29.2 23.0 169.5 -13.7 13.0 43.9 -1.4 -12.6 -15.2 -19.3 23.7 50.9 40.6 73.8 9.1 22.1 58.7 -8.0 30.6 36.0 19.9 22.9 58.8 492.5 -7.6 10.0 4.0 403.6 49.8 409.7 58.4 364,9 1.6 67.8 229.7 24.2 71.0 "44,'i' 21.9 34.1 3.8 134.4 29.9 -4.3 -12.3 -78.6 -24.4 75.3 9.9 21.0 37.1 7.6 6.0 -9,0 13,6 -40.1 18,0 17.0 12.3 188.0 -13.6 16.1 39.0 -5.7 -12.1 -13.0 -20.0 20.0 47.0 61.7 72.0 16.2 24.9 66.5 -9.2 47.6 10.5 21.6 39.2 90.7 599.3 -1,3 -4.0 28.3 409.8 38.5 553.8 49.4 353.2 -5.1 43.0 246.7 20.6 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad 40.3 CoiTee and spice, roasting and •w!re....:::;:::::::::'": 67. i Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Musical instruments, pianos and nrgans a,nf| mn.t,crififp 8.1 33.5 Canning and preserving 1.4 172.6 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. 28.7 -22.9 Boxes, fancy and paper.. -12.4 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Marble and stone work . . . -79.2 24,7 Chemicals 115.7 Stationery goods, not elsewhere Brass, bronze, and copper products. . 98.1 33.5 73.1 -17.1 -12.9 34.8 112.1 70.3 93.4 1.8 34.7 34.0 "'re's' ■ 40.3 163.7 23.4 2.7 51.6 1.0 20.9 5.3 ""27.T 120.0 37.0 68.7 -12.9 -4.4 47.7 110.4 82.7 83.5 -5.9 28.4 40.2 70.8 38.9 Millinery and lace goods . 144.9 Wirework, including woven-wire 30.6 Paint and varnish. . 4.9 Liquors, distilled. .'. 79.1 Soap .18.4 Corsets 9.3 Food preparations, not elsewhere -8.4 Leather goods Optical goods 35.5 Brushes - See footnotes at end of table. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 591 Table 2— Continued. Blacking and cleansing and polish- ing preparations Flour-mill and gristmill products Waste ;.... Sportmg and athletic goods IWMiinis Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Oil, not elsewhere specified Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails. Carriages and wagons and materials. Whips Confectionery, ice cream. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases Carriages and sleds, children's Glue, not elsewhere specified Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies , Toys and games Mattresses and spring beds , Mineral and soda waters Emery and other abrasive wheels.. . Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets , Iron and steel forgings Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified All other industries CENSUS OF 1914. Num. berof lish- ments. 93 105 11 15 6 13 16 28 175 21 128 33 8 11 18 54 171 12 53 1,592 Wage earners. Average number. 572 176 800 1,275 2,161 1,446 303 1,233 1,348 622 1,175 663 1,705 1,381 740 508 902 1,292 683 955 37,334 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.1 0) 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 6.2 Value of products. Amount. $3,841,477 3,811,377 3,779,872 3, 423, 980 3,297,419 2,983,832 2,975,366 2,847,049 2,821,874 2,804,281 2,803,921 2,668,048 2,644,414 2,588,733 2,565,946 2,535,988 2,501,818 2,441,676 2,299,292 2,267,090 2,075,765 2,060,699 121,521,103 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7.4 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $1,758,207 387,490 441,656 1, 439, 982 2,585,968 2,091,243 736,064 1,425,799 1,682,217 1,636,352 1,228,458 838,724 1, 183, 957 799, 986 1,362,104 1,407,047 1,045,692 1,366,667 1,432,840 1,226,043 1,236,925 903,861 50,987,030 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 7.2 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 8.5 -23.1 22.3 43.1 -7.1 -16.1 3.4 9.6 -12.4 -0.9 10.9 36.9 10.6 -0.2 31.4 10.9 -3.2 46.7 6.2 20.9 -2.0 1904- 1909 34.1 -17.3 36.8 -7.7 -16.9 9.3 89.0 -8.6 39.2 16.0 -10.1 44.7 37.9 89.1 60.2 6.0 10.5 50.7 17.5 73.8 -16.4 1899- 1904 14.9 -0.4 -22.6 24.6 2.1 6.7 60.6 9.3 16.7 Value of products 1909- 1914 3.4 -17.7 13.3 36.4 -3.3 -15.8 3.9 -2.8 -11.4 1.1 0.3 60.7 36.6 19.9 44.8 12.3 11.4 16.0 -6.6 6.5 1904- 1909 47.1 0.3 1.2 55. 5 -IS.O -4.9 58.8 3.1 -35.3 43.3 -11.9 86.7 29.6 115.6 108.7 2.2 22.6 98.0 18.7 159.5 1899- 1904 42.7 -14.4 108.0 -21.7 17.3 532.5 36.1 43.0 48.7 11.4 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 -4.1 -22.7 -42.7 12.9 -2.6 -15.1 24.5 0.6 -11.6 -7.6 48.0 8.7 16.9 67.7 12.4 —1.7 1.1 -16.0 20.8 7.0 1904- 1909 62.6 -0.8 63.3 45. 2 -15.8 19.4 70.8 4.9 -34.2 45.1 -7.2 69.4 23.7 91.3 73.5 8.6 34.3 105.5 12.0 145.0 -18.4 1899- 1904 20.1 -43.6 122.4 -17.0 25.9 23.5 28.9 60.8 61.1 28.1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 44; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 81 industries, or indiistry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $2,000,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 6 with products exceeding $50,000,000 in value, 10 with products between $20,- 000,000 and $50,000,000, 14 with products between $10,000,000 and $20,000,000, 19 with products be- tween $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, and 32 with prod- ucts valued at less than $5,000,000. Among those in- cluded tmder the head of "all other industries" are the following which have products exceeding in value some of those presented in the table for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments : Belting and hose, rubber; cars, steam-railroad; coke; fertilizers; shipbuilding; sugar refining; and watches. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary somewhat from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The boot and shoe and the cotton-goods industries, ranking first and second, re- spectively, in both value of products and value added by manufacture, were second and first, respectively, in average number of wage earners; the woolen and worsted goods and the foundry and machine-shop in- dustries, ranking third and fourth, respectively, in both value of products and number of wage earners, were fourth and third, respectively, in value added by manufacture; printing and publishing ranked fifth in Digitized by aU three respects. A marked variation in these items appears for slaughtering and meat packing, which ranked sixth in value of products, but thirtieth in average number of wage earners and twenty-second in value added by manufacture. The rank of the flour-mill and gristmill industry in value of products, as compared with its relatively low ranking in number of wage earners and value a'dded by manufacture, is due to the fact that in this industry the work is done largely by machinery and comparatively few em- ployees are required. The proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is very small in comparison with the corresponding proportions for most other industries. Textiles. — The textile industries of Massachusetts are varied and extensive, embracing the manufacture of cotton goods and cotton small wares; woolen, worsted, and felt goods; wool-felt hats; cordage and twine and jute and linen goods; hosiery and knit goods; carpets and rugs, otjier than rag; silk goods; fur-felt hats; and wool shoddy. At the census of 1914 these combined industries, numbering 517 establishments, gave employment to an average of 197,348 wage earn- ers, the value of their products amounted to $393,- 463,952, and the value added by manufacture, $149,- 257,262. Massachusetts is not only the foremost state in the Union in the production of all textiles com- bined, but it ranks first as regards cotton goods, woolen and worsted goods, and jute goods; second in cordage and twine, linen goods, felt goods, and'wool- IVIicrosoft® 592 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. felt hats; and third in carpets and rugs, and hosiery and knit goods. Boots and shoes, including cut stocTc and findings. — Of the 884 estabUshments included under this classifica- tion in 1914, 464 were engaged primarily in the manu- facture of boots and shoes, giving employment to 76,944 wage earners, and turning out products amount- ing to $200,529,858. Massachusetts continues to lead all other states in the combined industry and in each of the three branches. In average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture, the industry group shows an iacrease at each successive- census. This increase, however, is consid- erably smaller for the period 1909-1914 than for either of the previous censuses. Foundry and macJiine-sJiop products. — The statistics presented for this classification cover products of great diversity, embracing estabhshments manufac- turing steam and gas engines; steam pumps; gas ma- chines and gas and water meters; hardware; saddlery hardware; plumbers' supplies; and steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus; structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills; and automobile repairing in shops where repairs par- take of the character of machine-shop work. A num- ber of the estabhshments assigned to the foundry and machine-shop industry are extensively engaged in the manufacture of machinery for textile mdls, boot and shoe factories, and paper and pulp mills. The ma- chinery for these industries used throughout the United States is largely manufactured in Massachu- setts. Printing and puUisJiing. — Under this head are in- cluded job printing; the printing and pubhshing of books, newspapers and periodicals, and music; book- binding and blank-book making; engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing; and Uthograph- ing. There was an increase of 18.4 per cent in the value of the products of this industry in 1914 as com- pared with 1909. The number of wage earners emj ployed and the value added by manufacture also show increases since 1909, but in every case the increases are less than for the period 1904 — 1909. SlaugTitering and meat pacJcing. — ^This classification includes establishments doing wholesale slaughtering and meat packing and those engaged exclusively in the manufacture of sausage. The industry shows a sub- "stantial increase since 1909; the increase in value of products amounted to $10,043,715, or 22.6 per cent, while the number of wage earners employed and the value added by manuf actm-e increased 7.7 per cent and 26.4 per cent, respectively. The industry as a whole is centered largely in the metropoUtan district of Boston. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^Although the number of tanneries decreased from 132 in 1904 and 1909 to 126 in 1914, and there was a slight de- Digitized by Microsoft® crease in average number of wage earners during the later five-year period, the value of products and value added by manufacture show an increase at each census. This industry advanced from eighth place in value of products among the manufacturing indus- tries of the state in 1909 to seventh place in 1914. The value of products represented 12.3 per cent of the total shown for the industry in the United States in 1914. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. — The rapid advance in the use of electricity in science and industry has created a great demand for electrical machinery and appliances of all sorts. The industry in Massachusetts shows a remarkable development dm-ing the last decade, the value of products having increased nearly threefold, and the average number of wage earners more than doubled. The increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914 amounted to 55.9 per cent.. Paper and wood pulp. — ^While this industry includes millH which manufacture both paper and pulp or either exclusively, the paper mills greatly predominate. In 1914 Massachusetts led all other states in the manu- facture of paper and ranked second in the production of paper and wood pulp combined. It contributed 13.1 per cent of the value of the output of all paper and pulp miUs in the United States in that year. There was a considerable increase in the average number of wage earners and value of products during the decade end- ing with 1914. Clothing. — While neither the manufacture of men's clothing nor that o'f women's clothing is among the leading industries of the state, the two industries combined had an output for 1914 valued at $33,596,- 354 and gave employment to an average of 13,721 wage earners. The increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914 was 11.8 per cent and in number of wage earners, 4.4 per cent. The value of men's clothing has represented the major part of the total value shown for the combined industries at each census, but the manufacture of women's clothing has increased more rapidly, the proportion which the value of its products represents having increased from 30.2 per cent of the total for the industry in 1899 to 41.6 per cent in 1914. Boots and shoes, rubber. — In 1914 Massachusetts produced 44.2 per cent of the total value of rubber footwear manufactured in the United States. Fig- ures for this industry are comparable for only the later five-year period, as in 1904 some of the estab- lishments in the state reported their products on a hst price basis, subject to a large discount, which resulted in an excessive figure; therefore percentages of in- crease for the periods 1899—1904 and 1904—1909 are not shown. Manufactures from precious metals. — These manu- factures, which in Massachusetts embrace jewelry, MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 593 silversmithing and silverware, and plated ware, are somewhat specialized in the state. The three indus- tries combined, in 1914, gave employment to an aver- age of 8,668 wage earners and reported products valued at $19,719,278. Massachusetts ranked third in the value of the output for the three industries combined, producing 16.5 per cent of the total for the United States. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtaiaed by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914, of the 676,642 persons engaged ia. the manufactures of the state, 606,698, or about nine- tenths, were wage earners, 25,182 were proprietors and officials, and 44,762 were clerks and other sub- ordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, nearly seven-tenths wfere males and about three-tenths were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual tadustries will be found in Table 45. Table 3 Cen- sus year. FEBSONS ENGAGED m MANnFACrultlko INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All Glasses 1914 .1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 19f4 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 678,642 644,399 470,494 447,267 206,148 197,132 69.5 60.4 30.5 30.6 25,182 23,985 23,982 23,181 1,200 804 95.2 96.6 4.8- 3.4 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried ofBcers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number).. 10,710 11,194 S,260 4,615 9,222 8,176 44,762 35,855 606,698 584,559 10,122 10,695 5,071 4,481 8,789 8,005 28,620 22,914 417,892 401,172 588 499 179 134 433 171 16,142 12,941 188,806 183,387 94.5 95.5 96.6 97.1 95.3 97.9 63.9 63.9 68.9 68.6 6.5 4.5 3.4 2.9 4.7 2.1 36.1 36.1 31.1 31.4 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age 594,386 663,824 12,312 20,735 411,709 390,544 6,183 10,628 182,677 173,280 6,129 10,107 69.3 69.3 50.2 51.3 30.7 30.7 49.8 48.7 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANTJTACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. Male. Female. Per cent distribution. Total. 1911 1909 Male. 1914 1900 Female. 1914 1909 All classes.. 6.0 5.2 4.6 100.0 100. Froraietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age 5.0 -4.3 13.8 12.8 24.8 5.4 -40.8 3.5 -5.4 13.2 9.8 24.9 4.2 6.4 -41.8 49.3 17.8 33.8 153.2 24.7 3.0 6.4 -39.4 3.7 1.6 0.8 1.4 6.6 89.7 87.8 1.8 3.7 1.7 0.7 1.3 5.6 90.7 87.5 3.2 6.1 2.2 1.1 1.9 87.5 1.3 6.2 2.4 1.0 1.8 5.1 89.7 87.3 2.4 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 7.8 91.6 88.6 3.0 C4 0.2 0.1 0.1 6.6 93.0 87.9 6.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and firm members and wage earners under 16 years of age. The decrease in proprietors and firm members was referred to in the discussion of Table 1. There was a decrease of 40.6 per cent in the number of wage earners under 16 years of age, and this class formed only 1.8 per cent of the total nmnber of wage earners for 1914. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 87.8 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in the manufacturing industries of the state ia 1914, approximately the same ratio as in 1909. 82101°— 18 -38 In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classification em- ployed at the earher census. (See "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANtTP.^CTmilNG tMDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per Gent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 676,642 644, 399 532,481 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.0 21.0 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried employees Wage earners (average) 10,710 59,234 606,698 11, 194 48,646 584,559 11,258 32,824 488,399 1.6 8.8 89.7 1.7 7.6 90.7 2.1 6.2 91.7 -4.3 21.8 3.8 -0.6 48.2 19.7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 594 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. TVo of tte three classes in this table, as well as the total for all classes combined, show increases for both five-year periods. While the nmnber of proprietors and firm members decreased at each census, the de- crease was much greater for the later than for the earlier period. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age are given ia Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 Census year. WAGE EAKNEKS. Aver- age num- ber.i Per cent ol total. nrousTET. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years of age. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 606,698 584,,')59 488,399 67.9 66.8 66.9 30.1 29.6 30.1 2 3.5 3.0 Automobiles, including bodies and parts . 3,439 4,138 99.0 98.3 ■ 0.8 1.4 0.2 0.4 Belting, leather 1914 1909 1,113 955 96.0 92.9 3.4 3.4 6 3.8 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 85,114 83,063 65.1 64.1 33.3 32.2 1.6 3.7 Boots and shoes, rubber 1914 1909 8,087 6,928 61.0 58.8 37.9 38.7 1.1 2.5 1914 1909 4,244 3,838 58.8 32.9 38.7 63.6 2.5 3.5 Brass, bronze, andoopper products 1914 1909 1,620 1,791 97.5 97.9 2.0 1.8 0.5 0.3 Bread and other bakery products 1914 1909 8,083 6,697 75.5 78.3 23.2 19.0 1.2 2.7 BHck, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 1914 1909 1,262 1,456 97.3 97.5 2.1 1.7 0.6 0,8 1914 1909 1,437 1,629 52.3 38.3 46.8 59.2 0.9 2.5 Ofl.nninp' and ■nrftsftryinf , , , , 1914 1909 1,903 1,449 75.0 72.9 22.5 25.6 2 5 1.5 1914 1909 6,319 5,954 72.9 51.8 25.6 42.2 1.5 6.0 Carriages and sleds, children's 1914 1909 1,175 858 86.9 81.9 12.8 16.3 0.3 1.8 Carriages and wagons and materials 1914 1909 1,348 1,539 99.7 98.8 0.2 1.0 0.1 0.1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. 1914 1909 1,705 1,708 99.2 98.9 0.8 1.1 ■■■6.i Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railraad companies. 1914 1909 6,264 5,162 98.9 99.6 1.1 0.3 0.1 1914 1909 1,395 1,358 92.7 90.4 6.7 7.6 0.6 2.1 Clothinc men's, including shirts 1914 1909 7,645 7,335 47.0 38.0 52.4 61.0 0.7 1.0 1914 1909 6,076 5,813 24.5 21.6 74.7 77.4 0.7 1.0 Conf eotionery 1914 1909 6,787 5,548 26.0 26.3 69.6 64.0 4.4 9.6 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 1914 1909 2,688 2,627 92.8 89.4 5.0 8.8 2.3 1.8 CordMe and twine and jute and linen 1914 1909 7,614 6,319 48.3 52.6 43.9 39.5 7.8 7.9 Corsets 1914 1909 2,298 1,989 11.2 50.5 84.6 41.4 4.3 8.1 Table 6— Continued. Census year. WAGE EAENEES. Aver- age num- ber.' Per cent of total. nrorsTRT. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years ot ago. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 113,559 108,914 52.0 51.2 44.1 43.1 3.9 5.7 Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 6,485 6,747 88.7 82.4 10.0 15.1 1.3 2.6 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1914 1909 11,437 9,079 80.7 75.6 17.5 20.5 1.9 8.9 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. 1914 1909 17,125 14,507 80.0 78.8 19.5 20.3 0.5 0.9 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1914 1909 2,777 3,558 64.7 70.7 31.6 25.6 3.7 3.8 Firmrms.. 1914 1909 2,161 2,327 97.4 90.0 1.3 7.0 3.0 Foundry and machine-shop products 1914 1909 41,361 44, 17? 97.6 97.2 1.8 1.5 0.6 1.3 Fnmlshing gQOdP, m<*n*R 1914 1909 3,316 4,260 32.3 34.5 63.7 61.5 4 4.0 1914 1909 6,954 7,277 90.3 89.8 8.6 7.9 2.3 aa.<;, illtiTninftting and heating. . , . , 1914 1909 3,182 2,292 97.8 99.4 2.1 0.6 1914 1909 2,383 2,668 35.8 36.7 63.9 62.9 0.4 1914 1909 10,635 9,941 25.9 41.6 72.2 53.9 1 9 4.4 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling 1914 1909 2,889 3,115 100.0 86.7 mills. 3.3 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and, rivets. 1914 1909 1,292 1,217 73.1 61.9 26.5 37.2 0.5 0.9 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, out and wrought, including wire nails. 1914 1909 1,233 1,125 74.6 72.9 23.4 25.4 2.0 1.7 1914 1909 6,505 7,423 66.5 62.7 28.7 34.7 4.9 2.5 1914 1909 1,430 1,710 60.4 59.8 36.4 37.0 3 2 3.2 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . . . 1914 1909 10,164 10,252 98.2 98.2 1.6 1.3 0.3 0.5 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 2,106 1,739 99.5 99.3 0.5 0.7 1914 1909 8,156 8,976 96.4 96.2 2.8 3.0 0.9 0.8 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 3,858 5,015 99.6 99.6 0.1 P) 0.3 0.4 1914 1909 2,026 1,686 22.1 16.9 75.7 81.3 2.2 1.8 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 1914 1909 2,135 843 98.5 96.9 1.0 0.4 0.5 2.7 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909 3,906 4,245 93.5 91.9 5.6 5.7 0.9 2.4 Opticalgoods 1914 1909 2,356 2,460 70.7 68.8 25.0 26.3 . 4.3 4.8 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 13,401 12,848 69.3 65.1 30.5 33.9 0.1 1.0 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified 1914 1909 i;?i 50.7 49.0 46.2 46.1 3.1 4.9 Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. 1914 1909 1,381 1,183 47.0 46.7 52.2 51.9 0.8 1.4 Printing and publishing • . 1914 1909 18,170 17,532 72.7 70.1 25.6 27.1 1.7 2.8 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1914 1909 4,743 3,418 83.2 78.6 14.8 18.9 2.0 2.5 1914 1909 1,022 869 95.3 94.1 4.4 4.7 0,3 1.2 Silk goods, including throwsters.. 1914 1909 4,495 4,109 30.9 29.6 66.6 59.6 0.5 10.8 "For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for.all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms.' ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. i--> ■ ■ < ■ i i « « ■ c±/~\ Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 595 Table 6— Continued Silverware and plated ware Slaughtering and meat packing Sporting and athletic goods Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Stoves and hot-air furnaces and ranges. . . Tobacco manufactures Toys and games Wire Wirework, including woven-wire fencing Wood, turned and carved Woolen, worsted, and felt goods All other industries .^ Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber. 2,163 2,465 3,582 3,325 1,275 891 2,467 1,790 1,446 1,703 3,926 3,551 1,381 1,051 2,899 3,718 1,950 1,578 1,339 1,371 54,265 53,873 44,927 40,440 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 87.6 81.9 98.5 98.2 71.6 67.3 42.0 36.6 72.7 73.5 65.1 69.7 96.8 96.2 78.5 66.5 95.4 91.8 59.4 66.2 77.0 Fe- male. 11.6 16.1 1.4 1.1 26.5 27.0 56.5 53.7 0.3 0.4 27.0 25.6 30.7 26.4 3.1 2.4 20.7 24.7 2.2 3.1 37.9 38.0 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.8 2.0 0.1 0.7 2.0 5.6 1.5 9.7 0.1 0.3 0.8 4.2 3.9 0.1 1.5 0.9 8.7 2.4 5.1 2.8 5.8 0.9 2.2 For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over increased, while the proportion of adult females remained practically the same during the ten-year period. The proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age increased from 1904 to 1909, but there was a decided decrease during the period 1909-1914 and also during the decade. Of the 65 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, the greatest proportions of adult female wage iearners were employed in the manufacture of women's clothing, confectionery, cor- sets, hosiery and knit goods, and millinery and lace goods. For most of the industries showing the em- ployment of wage earners under 16 years of age, a de- cided decrease is noted, only 9 showing an increase, and these mostly in industries where but few wage earners of this class are employed. The greatest de- creases in the proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age are shown for silk goods and stationery goods. About four-fifths of the total number of such wage earners reported for 1914 were employed in the textile industries. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904- Tat>le 7 AVERAGE N1JMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years ot age. Per cent of total. aTT. Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Und( c Male. Female. fage. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,930 1,451 246 6,058 4,641 78,894 16,246 335 16, 749 6,241 8,426 4,064 256 3,226 36,834 8,837 3,982 3,964 2,814 1,602 13.281 17, 493 31,043 4,929 29,904 25,339 2,850 3,822 559 962 1,940 1,749 1,347 33,343 3,349 3,991 3,994 2,223 1,264 233 4,434 3,904 63,046 11,798 296 11,826 4,444 6,365 2,300 193 2,717 19,868 6,088 2,460 3,440 2,082 1,436 8,810 10,219 19,300 3,638 16,934 17,469 1,622 2,624 480 446 786 1,274 1,042 19,282 2,136 2,026 2,222 1,680 172 10 1,542 717 24,608 4,283 38 4,741 1,741 1,916 1,640 58 463 14,899 2,470 1,477 481 661 134 4,325 6,751 11,183 1,202 12,432 7,782 1,171 1,092 77 490 1,116 458 300 13,012 1,171 1,478 1,510 127 15 3 82 20 1,240 165 1 182 56 145 124 5 46 2,067 279 45 43 71 32 146 523 560 89 538 88 57 106 2 26 38 17 5 1,049 43 487 262 56.6 87.1 94.7 73.2 84.1 67.2 72.6 88.4 70.6 71.2 75.5 66.6 75.4 84.2 53.9 68.9 61.8 86.8 74.0 89.6 66.3 68.4 62.2 73.8 56.6 68.9 56.9 68.6 85.9 46.4 40.5 72.8 77.4 57.8 63.8 50.8 65.6 40.2 11.9 4.1 25.4 15.4 31.2 26.4 11.3 28.3 27.9 22.7 40.4 22.6 14.4 40.4 28.0 37.1 12,2 23.5 8.4 32.6 38.6 36.0 24.4 41.6 30.7 41.1 28.6 13.8 50.9 57.5 26.2 22.3 39.0 35.0 37.0 37.8 3.2 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.4 1.6 1.0 0.3 1.1 0.9 1.7 3.0 2.0 1.4 5.6 3.2 1.1 1.1 2.5 " 3.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 0.3 2.0 2.8 0.4 2.7 2.0 1.0 0.4 3.1 1.3 12.2 6.6 283 6,429 4,487 73,957 14,737 340 15,260 6,954 7,260 4,123 "5,"644 2,083 63,151 13,889 495 14,586 4,939 4,670 3,482 259 4,396 3,679 49,146 10,661 280 10,630 4,213 4,994 2,264 "3," 490 1,508 43,730 10, 169 422 10,320 3,364 2,985 1,933 . 22 1,853 762 22,407 3,834 54 4,211 1,611 2,020 1,670 '"i,'4i7 553 18,528 3,617 66 3,990 1,414 1,531 1,389 2 180 66 2,404 242 6 419 130 246 189 "i37 22 893 103 7 276 161 154 160 91.5 68.4 82.0 66.4 72.3 82.4 69.7 70.8 68.8 54.9 "69.'2 72.4 69.^ 73.2 85.3 70.8 68.1 63.9 55.5 7.8 28.8 16.8 30.3 26.0 15.9 27.6 27.0 27.8 40.5 "28.'i 26.5 29.3 26.0 13.3 27.4 28.6 32.8 39.9 0.7 2.8 1.2 3.3 1.6 1.8 2.7 2.2 3.4 4.6 2.7 1 1 Boston 1 1 4 0,7 1.4 Caztibridgo. 1 9 3.3 33 Clinton 4 6 Everett 2,680 37, 139 8,497 3,069 3,617 2,181 1,251 11,689 16,513 30,542 5,601 8 32,333 27,368 2,900 4,265 560 1,038 1,572 1,801 2,186 26,836 6,498 2,484 3,168 1,763 9,574 14,685 21,910 4,127 29,303 21,540 2,954 3,479 484 1,571 "i',m 2,353 20,459 5,826 1,797 3,11)0 1,658 1,043 7,686 8,906 17,493 3,708 ' 20,222 19,077 1,649 2,787 486 438 653 1,045 1,794 14,478 4,605 1,323 2,737 1,346 6,608 8,205 12,534 2,979 15,570 15,237 1,669 2,216 418 777 "i,'228 257 14,949 2,271 1,166 415 482 139 3,762 6,458 11,444 1,746 n0,883 8,063 1,222 1,201 66 591 793 710 297 11,117 1,597 1,103 364 392 2,886 5,413 8,204 1,028 12,221 6,028 1,345 1,123 54 771 ""sie 70 1,731 401 116 102 41 69 241 1,149 1,60S 147 2 1,228 228 29 277 8 9 126 46 95 1,241 296 68 67 25 80 1,067 1,172 120 1,512 275 40 140 12 23 '"38 87.8 65.1 68.6 58.6 85.7 76.0 83.4 65.8 53.9 57.3 66.2 62.5 69.7 66.9 65.3 86.8 42.2 41.5 58.0 82.1 63.9 70.9 53.3 86.4 76.3 69.0 55.9 57.2 72.2 53.1 70.7 53.1 63.7 86.4 49.5 '"es.'g 9.6 40.3 26.7 37.7 11.5 22.1 11.1 32.2 39.1 37.5 31.2 33.7 29.5 42.1 28.2 11.8 56.9 50.4 39.4 13.6 41.4 24.6 44.4 11.5 22.2 30.1 36.9 37.4 24.9 41.7 28.0 45.5 32.3 11.2 49.1 '"29."6 2.6 4.7 4.7 3.8 2.8 1.9 5.5 2.1 7.0 5.3 2.6 3.8 0.8 1.0 6.5 1.4 0.9 8.0 2.6 4.3 Fall River 4.S 4.fi 2.3 «.1 1.4 Greenfield. Haverhill 0.8 Holyoke 7.3 fl.S Leominster 9.. 9 Lowell ■5.2 Lynn 1.3 Maiden 1.4 Marlborough 4.0 Medf ord 2.5 1.5 Milford 2.1 26, 566 3,215 17,855 2,955 16,766 2,083 10,351 1,983 9,516 1,035 6,550 939 1,350 97 954 33 59.1 64.8 58.0 67.1 35.8 32.2 36.7 31.8 5.1 5.3 NewburvDort 3.0 1.1 • Includes Hyde Park, consolidated with Boston Jan. 1, 1912. ' Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate ""''^"^*''"="'- Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 596 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 7— Continued, AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUTACTUKING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and Dver. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITY. Male. Temale. 16 years of age and over. Und ( er 16 years Male. Female )fage. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,154 5,288 2,250 3,446 5,485 7,490 2,845 5,783 80 5,294 5,429 4,332 14,240 7,371 2,008 6,465 4,787 3,246 3,584 2,209 2,074 1,048 16 1,565 29,452 2,174 5,414 1,893 5,502 1,472 3,509 1,560 2,225 5,126 5,455 1,873 5,353 71 3,587 5,180 2,736 10,976 5,441 1,241 4,305 3,134 2,096 3,026 1,876 1,505 952 12 1,463 22,402 1,604 3,508 1.419 3.623 669 1,620 649 1,092 366 1,973 673 409 9 1,627 219 1,421 3,136 1,823 747 2,138 1,642 972 517 332 651 96 4 98 6,646 520 1,660 426 1,544 13 159 41 129 3 62 299 21 50 346 48 336 68.3 66.4 69.3 64.6 93.4 72.8 65.8 92.6 88.8 67.8 95.4 63.2 77.1 73.8 61.8 66.6 66.5 64.6 84.4 84.9 72.6 90.8 75.0 93.5 76.1 73.8 64.8 75.0 65.8 31.1 30.6 28.8 31.7 6.5 26.3 23.6 7.1 11.2 30.7 4.0 32.8 22.0 24.7 37.2 33.1 34.3 29.9 14.4 15.0 26.6 9.2 26.0 6.3 22.6 23.9 28.8 22.5 28.1 0.6 3.0 1.8 3.7 0.1 0.8 10.5 0.4 2.3 6.4 2.5 6.1 North Attleborough 3,150 4,850 6,353 2,912 6.492 101 6,338 5,280 4,037 11,855 7,407 2,230 6,037 4,335 13.019 3,060 2,963 3,963 4,455 "5,'37i 125 5,945 3,474 3,223 10,623 6,608 6,208 "2," 634 2,012 4,270 4.508 2,124 4,769 98 4,070 4,841 2,680 8,716 5,346 1,200 3,580 2,817 11,879 2,390 1,883 3,637 2,786 "'4,' 903 123 3,863 3,114 2,127 7,908 4,817 3,526 "i,"994 977 518 1,679 666 560 3 1,985 370 1,183 2,726 1,820 994 2,369 1,372 1901 694 984 290 1,564 '""428 2 1,880 319 931 2,315 1,569 2,658 ""eoi iei 62 166 123 163 96 26 115 ■■■46 63.9 88.0 71.0 72.9 86.8 97.0 64.2 91.7 66.4 73.5 72.2 63.8 59.3 65.0 62.2 78.1 63.6 92.0 62.5 oi.'s 98.4 64.8 75! 1 72.9 66.8 "75.'7 31.0 10.7 26.4 22.8 10.2 3.0 31.3 7.0 29.3 23.0 24.6 44.6 39.2 31.6 29.9 19.4 33.2 7.3 34.9 ""s.'o 1.6 31.6 9.2 28.9 22.0 23.7 42.8 ■■22.'8 5.1 1.3 2.6 4.2 3.0 3 ? Peabody 0.7 Pittsfield 2.6 0.7 80 30 175 128 107 20 22 11 178 41 1 18 283 69 174 414 242 36 88 146 1239 76 212 41 165 300 222 24 "■39 1.6 0.6 4.0 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.3 0.2 5.5 1.1 m 0.9 1.4 4.6 1.3 4.3 3.5 3.3 1.6 1.4 3.4 7.9 2.5 3 A 1 ? Southbridge 5.1 Springfield 2.9 I^unton 3.4 Wakefield Waltham 0.4 Webster Westfield 1.5 Weymouth 1,991 1,841 1,398 1,323 654 508 39 10 70.2 71.9 27.8 27.6 2.0 5 Winchester 7 1,653 28,221 "'i,'482 22,796 7 1,528 21,355 "i,'379 17,392 100.0 92.4 75.7 '"93.'6 76.3 111 5,745 80 4,788 4 404 14 1,121 23 616 6.7 20.4 5.4 21.0 0.8 4.0 1 S 2 7 1 Figures do not agree with tliose published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only lor those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. 2 Less than one-tenth ot 1 per cent. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER GENT OF INCREASE 1 IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. Adams . 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 L 1904-1909 -1.6 -1.5 -0.1 -13.1 20.1 -5.8 27.5 122.8 3.4 116.4 24.9 6.7 17.1 17.0 10.2 6.1 -32.3 -1.6 -31.3 14.8 9.8 4.6 26.4 4.8 20.6 80.4 16.1 65.5 16.7 -1.4 18.4 47.6 20.4 22.6 '\7 -8.8 -10.0 27.0 0.9 26.0 158.9 6.1 144.0 21.3 7.9 12.4 16.0 10.7 4,8 -29.9 5.7 -33.6 14.6 11.3 3.0 32.1 5.5 25.2 113.2 27.5 67.3 19.0 1.6 4.6 6.9 -2.1 -51.5 -73.9 85.9 8.8 -16.8 30.8 29.7 -4.7 36.0 32.8 9.8 20.9 18.4 11.7 6.0 -40.1 -54.4 31.4 Boston. 38.8 Brockton . . -48.4 169.2 60.2 -31.8 136.0 Cambridge 18.8 12.6 5.5 23.1 8.1 13.9 25.1 -5.1 31.9 18.1 -1.8 20.2 itiM -13.6 -34.1 -56.6 61.8 -65.2 Chicopee -56.9 -19.3 —5.8 Clinton -41.1 59.7 22 5 Everett -34 4 18.1 tby: Table 8— Continued. PER CENT OF INCREASE 1 IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Period. FallEiver.. Fitchburg. •Framingham. Gardner. Gloucester. . Greenfield. . Haverhill.. Holyoke. . Lawrence . Ijeominster.. Lowell. Lynn., Maiden.. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 190^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909. 1904-1914. 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 Total. 37.3 -0.8 38.4 36.0 4.0 30.8 60.3 29.7 23.6 25.7 9.6 14.2 59.6 29.0 23.7 28.1 38.7 13.6 22.1 19.1 6.9 12.4 41.7 1.6 39.4 19.4 -12.0 35.7 2.1 -7.5 10.3 17.6 -7.4 27.1 -3.6 -1.7 -1.8 9.9 -10.4 22.6 16 years of age and over. Male. 37.2 -2.9 4L3 32.2 4.5 26.5 85.9 36.9 35.8 25.6 11.0 13.3 54.7 25.6 23.2 37.7 33.3 14.6 16.3 24.5 14.7 8.6 54.0 10.3 39.6 22.1 -1.9 24.6 -16.3 29.9 14.6 -8.4 25.2 3.4 -1.6 5.1 18.4 -5.8 25.8 Female. 34.0 -0.3 34.5 54.7 8.8 42.2 33.9 27.8 4.S 32.1 15.9 14.0 37.1 23.0 -3.6 49.9 15.0 30.4 Under 16 year of age. 19.4 39.5 -5.7 -30.4 35.5 -61.2 -87.8 -39.4 24.7 4.6 19.3 -51.0 -54.5 7.7 36.3 -2.3 39.5 -52.2 -65.1 36.9 16.9 -31.2 69.8 -25.8 -39.5 22.5 1.7 14.2 -10.9 -64.4 -56.2 -18.8 29.1 -3.5 33.8 -68.0 -61.4 -17.1 -12.9 —4.2 —9.1 -2.8 -9.1 6.9 -24.3 -61.7 97.9 See footnotes at end ot table. MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 597 Table 8— Continued. PER CENT OF INCREASE 1 IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP ■WAGE EARNERS. CITT. Period. Total. 16 years ol age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 15.5 -0.2 15.7 -38.8 -7.3 -33.9 23.4 -1.9 -2.9 1.1 86.7 25.5 48.8 13.3 4.2 8.8 13.8 -0.9 14.8 -3.9 -2.3 -1.6 16.3 9.4 6.3 38.8 13.1 22.7 68.1 17.9 42.6 -2.3 7.7 5.3 2.3 -36.0 -20. S -19.2 .-11.0 -16.5 6.6 56.3 2.8 52.0 34.4 7.3 25.3 35.3 20.1 12.7 11.5 -0.5 12.1 -10.0 4.1 7.1 -2.8 10.4 7.5 36.1 17.1 16.2 12.7 4.2 8.1 5.6 -5.3 11.5 29.2 4.4 23.8 14.8 -1.2 16.3 -42.6 1.8 -43.6 20.4 3.7 21.9 -14.9 86.3 22.8 61.7 7.7 2.5 6.0 3.7 -8.2 13.0 -3.1 m -3.2 18.2 10.6 6.9 40.9 20.0 17.4 95.8 21.0 61.8 -11.8 9.2 12.2 -2.7 -42.3 -36.4 -17.1 -23.3 40.7 -11.2 -35.5 37.6 98.7 36.7 46.3 24.7 13.1 10.2 57.0 28.7 22.1 4.9 3.8 1.0 11.0 11.8 -0.7 22.8 -31.3 78.6 27.0 17.5 8.0 1.2 -4.4 -27.0 30.8 Methuen.... -69.8 Milford New Bedford ...«. 10.0 -22.3 41.5 Nnrfh A dftms . -52.5 NnrthftTnptnn -54.0 3.3 -19.9 Peabody Pittsfield -46.1 Plymouth -62.7 44.3 143.1 Oniifcv. -87.1 Revere 20.3 -6.9 -11.9 5.6 66.3 7.0 55.6 28.6 2.1 26.0 38.8 25.9 10.2 13.0 1.8- 11.0 3.4 22.1 20.3 1.5 11.3 11.5 51.8 26.6 19.8 13.8 7.7 6.7 6.1 -4.3 10.8 28.8 4.9 22.8 Salem -13.5 -18.0 5.6 -31.3 -40.8 16.0 62.6 20.1 27.1 35.5 15.0 17.8 16.2 0.2 16.0 -24.8 -19.6 -9.8 -10.9 19.7 7.9 -14.0 -13.0 -1.2 8.5 -0.5 9.1 -62.3 flnmprvillp -71.7 33.5 Southbridge 6.1 Springfield 0.6 5.5 -57.3 Taunton -69.1 38.0 -51.8 Wakefield -55.8 9.0 Wiiitfmin. Watertown -92.5 Webster -25.5 Westfield Wobum.. . , -11.7 38.8 15.7 20.0 -34.4 -64.0 82.0 ' A minns sign (— ) denotes decrease: than 100. ^ ^.. ,, 2 Less than one-tenth or 1 per cent. percentages are omitted where base is less Digitized by The proportion of male wage earners is greatly in excess of that for females in every city, except Melrose and Methuen. In Melrose the leading industry in 1914 was the manufacture of rubber boots and shoes, and in Methuen, women's clothing and testUes. In these cities the proportion of adult males in 1914 was below 50 per cent. For aU cities combined, males 16 years of age and over formed 67.4 per cent of the total number of wage earners, females 16 years of age and over, 30.6 per cent; and children, 2 per cent. But few cities show increases from census to census in both number and proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age. Only seven show increases in number and six in proportion during the last five-year period. Boston, by far the most important city in respect to number of wage earners employed in 1914, shows an in- ,crease both actual and proportional, in adult males and females during the five-year peiiod 1909-1914.. The number of wage earners under 16 years of age decreased by 48.4 per cent, while the proportion which this class formed of the total decreased from 3.3 per cent in 1909 to 1.6 per cent in 1914. Fall Eiver, the second city in respect to wage earners, shows for 1909-1914, a slight decrease in the proportion of adult males, a very slight increase in that of adult females, while the proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age increased from 4.7 per cent in 1909 to 5.6 per cent in 1914. In Lawrence a considerable increase is shown for adult males, a slight decrease for , adult females, while the number of children employed decreased from 1,605 in 1909 to 560 in 1914, or from 5.3 per cent of the total to 1.8 per cent. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the- 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month for 1904, together with the per- centage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month: Table 9 ■WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Number.i Per cent of maximum. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 190* 626,776 628, 635 633,583 628,344 619, 082 611,928 595,609 588,703 689, 194 590,992 587, 141 580,489 56.5, 750 572, 618 679,519 676, 618 676, 379 576, 055 573, 462 581,008 694, 686 601, 533 604, 466 612, 615 <92,470 493,668 498,903 497,370 491, 573 485,088 473,620 462, 739 474,375 494, 753 496,877 499,352 98.9 99.2 100.0 99.2 97,7 96.6 94.0 92.9 93.0 93.3 92.7 91.6 92.4 93.5 94.6 94.1 94.1 94.0 93.6 94.8 97.1 98.2 98.7 100.0 98.6 Febru^y 98.9 March 99.9 April 99.6 May 98.4 97.1 July 94.8 August .- 92.7 gentember 95.0 October 99.1 99 5 December -- 100.0 1 The figures tor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 the late winter and early spring months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners IVIicrosoft® 598 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. appearing for March and, the minimum for December. The year 1909 shows a very different condition, the maximmn number being employed in December and the minimum number in January. In 1904 the maxi- mum number was reported for December and the minimum for August. The greatest difference be- tween the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 53,094, or 8.4 per cent of the maximum number, in 1914. Table 10 gives the total average nimiber of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 10 INDU3TKY AND CITY. Allindustries Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boots and shoes, rubber Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carriages and wagons and materials .. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Conlectioiiery ; /. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Corsets Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere speci- fied Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Jewelry Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Limiber and timber products Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Optical goods Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Printing and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters Silverware and plated ware Slaughtering and meat packing Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Tobacco manufactures Toys and games Wire Wirework, including woven-wire fencing Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. ..... All other industries WAGE EARNEBS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.) Aver- Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per age cent num- ber em- ployed during year. Janu- ary. Febru- ary. March. April. May. June. July. • August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 606,698 626,776 628,535 633,583 628,344 619,082 611,928 595,609 588,703 589,194 590,992 587,141 680,489 91.6 3,439 3,730 3,791 3,908 4,167 4,198 3,752 3,187 3,047 3,068 3,049 2,898 2,473 58.9 85, 114 8,087 4,244 1,620 91,961 7,796 4,363 1,631 91,722 7,760 4,370 1,595 89,481 7,963 4 414 1,646 85,775 8,110 . 4,322 1,654 83,084 8,209 4,339 1,601 83,721 8,259 4,307 1,592 83,987 7,S77 4,174 1,603 84,672 8,026 4,114 1,662 81,806 7,845 4,175 1,666 79,813 8,117 4,219 1,647 81,851 8,828 4,097 1,637 83,495 8,554 4,034 1,606 86.8 85.8 91.4 93.8 8,083 7,S9S 8,029 8,113 8,061 8,067 8,144 8,249 8,123 8,049 8,185 8,090 7,993 95.7 1,262 1,903 5,319 1,348 798 1,794 6,694 1,255 802 1,930 5,657 1,321 810 1,777 6,696 1,417 1,125 1,735 5,656 1,527 1,706 1,638 5,560 1,548 1,812 1,919 5,447 1,494 1,809 1,923 ■ 5,630 1,369 1,794 1,909 5,392 1,278 1,676 2,023 4,975 1,277 1,259 2,150 5,129 1,254 864 2,123 4,556 1,226 889 1,915 4,636 1,210 38.0 76.2 79.6 78.2 6,264 1,395 7,645 6,076 6,787 6,096 1,382 7,810 5,719 6,718 6,380 1,389 7,833 6,109 B,9J,S 6,477 1,464 7,946 6,559 6,956 6,851 1,415 7,782 6,747 6,525 6,909 1,454 7,703 6,501 6,393 6,951 1,427 7,640 6,188 6,196 6,996 1,376 71417 5,327 6,193 6,033 1,312 7,316 4,996 6,774 5,892 1,390 7,477 6,218 7,259 5,945 1,383 7,676 6,624 7,639 5,797 1,423 7,567 6,183 7,515 5,841 1,326 7,574 5,747 7,333 83.4 89.6 92.1 74.0 77.8 2,688 2,626 e,64S 2,569 2,619 2,683 2,741 2,808 2,781 2,719 2,794 2,709 2,665 90.5 7,614 2,298 7,621 2,561 7,561 2,601 7,669 2,631 7,759 2,572 7,818 2,485 7,901 2,345 7,828 2,234 7,720 2,146 7,396 2,144 7,502 2,064 ,7,231 1,975 7,362 1,818 91.5 69.1 113,559 118,455 117,844 117,437 117, 192 115,503 114,041 111,628 109,008 109,469 110,358 111,139 110,634 92.0 6,485 6,810 6,894 6,830 6,682 6,557 6,446 6,357 6,320 6,252 - 6,243 6,221 6,248 90.8 17, 125 2,777 41,361 6,954 3,182 18,644 2,746 43,643 7,715 2,939 18,203 2,798 43,466 7,697 2,934 18,460 2,796 43,602 7,755 2,9S0 18,110 2,550 43,441 7,491 2,986 17,855 2,478 43, 146 6,524 3,323 17,567 2,S11 42,218 6,094 3,509 17,060 2,570 41, 429 6,032 3,462 16", 845 2,786 40,113 6,592 3,359 16,602 3,181 39,020 6,845 3,264 15,799 3,326 38,999 6,998 3,211 15,229 2,972 38,486 6,958 3,200 16,126 2,810 38,769 6,747 3,067 81.1 69.5 88.2 77.8 83.5 2,383 10,635 3,296 11,066 /,510 11,149 3,529 11,020 3,227 10,945 2,228 10,923 1,457 10,838 1,259 10,561 1,901 10,300 2,024 9,901 1,950 10,392 1,868 10,386 2,347 10, 149 35.7 88.8 2,889 6,505 1,430 3,184 7,606 1,327 8,169 7,242 1,316 3,185 6,828 1,513 3,089 6,583 1,503 2,984 6,545 1,436 2,870 6,293 1,411 2,862 6,960 1,398 2,806 5,979 1,355 2,891 6,366 1,387 2,886 6,526 1,415 2,368 6,156 1,572 2,374 5,976 1,528 74.3 78.4 83,7 10, 164 2,106 8,156 3,858 2,026 10,898 1,992 8,459 3,253 2,026 10,931 1,996 8,360 2,987 2,405 10,824 1,999 8,514 3,686 2,547 10,654 2,064 8,587 4,031 2,584 10,269 2,130 8,478 4,262 1,842 10,028 2,248 8,020 4,270 1,669 9,512 2,227 7,688 4,201 1,765 9,197 2,206 7,700 4,279 1,936 9,611 2,162 7,886 4,080 2,067 9,798 2,141 8,053 3,921 1,920 10,157 2,067 8,060 3,752 1,816 10,089 2,040 8,067 3,574 1,735 84.1 88.6 89.6 69.8 64.6 3,906 2,356 13,401 5,829 4,299 2,381 13,540 6,062 4,270 2,349 13,512 6,096 4,309 2,440 13,644 6,016 4,227 2,438 13,503 6,111 4,108 2,443 13,658 6,066 3,939 2,605 13,351 5,945 3,761 2,385 13,169 5,751 S,616 2,238 13,066 5,535 3,550 2,188 13,490 5,631 3,627 2,231 13,479 5,704 3,623 2,308 13,176 S,582 3,644 2,366 13,235 5,US 81.6 87.3 95.6 89.2 1,381 18, 170 4,495 2,163 1,511 18,220 4,709 2,160 1,488 18,423 4,707 2,188 1,484 18,536 4,674 2,168 1,438 18,503 4,704 2,140 1,418 18,325 4,628 2,112 1,209 18,189 4,541 2,100 l,23i 17,844 4,392 2.049 1,288 17,691 4,206 2,109 1,389 18,024 4,490 2,183 1,373 18,283 4,361 2,239 1,392 18,047 4,311 2,254 1,288 17,955 4,217 2,251 81.7 95.4 89.3 go. 9 3,582 4,011 3,717 3,667 3,527 S,SS9 3,468 3,508 3,368 3,419 3,534 3,648 3,778 83.2 2,467 3,926 1,381 2,430 4,050 864 2,540 4,057 1,121 2,621 3,992 1,233 2,591 . 3,954 1,302 2,542 3,877 1,350 2,462 3,928 1,454 2,240 S,8S9 1,572 2,416 3,847 1,594 2,434 3,860 1,713 2,465 3,927 1,788 2,426- 3,913 1,547 2,437 3,868 - -1,040 85.5 94.6 48. S 2,899 3,174 3,104 3,110 3,097 2,878 2,794 2,813 2,817 2,845 2,817 2,678 2,661 83.8 1,950 54, 2.55 81, 756 1,983 62,565 83,320 2,030 53,812 84,926 2,036 56,608 86,094 1,970 57,946 84,772 2,013 57,603 84,343 1,977 .57,796 83,084 1,971 53,334 81, 190 1,917 52, 592 78,840 1,900 53,430 78,685 1,890 64,183 78,712 1,883 63,114 78,262 1,SS0 48,077 78,939 89. e 83.0 90. S Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MAS6ACHUSETTS, 699 Table 10— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total for cities . Adams Amesbuby.. Arlington . Attleboro . Beverly... Boston Brockton.. Brookluje. Cambridge . Chelsea Chicopee Clinton Dedham Everett Fall Eiver. Fitchbt;rg.... Framingham . Gardner Gloucester.. Greenfield . . Haverhux.. HOLYOKE Lawrence... Leominster. Lowell Lynn Malden Marlborough.. Medford Melrose Methuen MlLFOED Natick New Bedford . Newburyport . Newton North Adams North Attleborough. . Northampton Pejibody PiTTSFIELD. , Plymouth. . QurscY Severe Salem someeville . . southbeidqe. Springfield . . Taunton Wakefield. . . Waltham Watertown Webster Westfield West Springfield . Weymouth. . . Winchester.. WiNTHROP.... WOBURN Worcester... WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment tor each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.) Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 608,647 3,930 1,451 246 6,058 4,641 78,894 16,246 335 16,749 6,241 ■8,426 4,064 256 3,226 36,834 8,837 3,982 3,964 2,814 1,602 13,281 17,493 31,043 4,929 29,904 25,339 2,850 3,822 559 962 1,940 1,749 1,347 33, 343 3,349 2,154 5,288 2,250 3,446 5,485 7,490 2,845 5,783 80 5,294 5,429 4,332 14,240 7,371 2,008 6,465 4,787 3,246 3,584 2,209 2,074 1,048 16 1,665 29,452 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 525,361 6,752 4,907 79,744 17,704 353 16,783 6,276 9,450 4,178 313 3,278 36,295 8,778 4,339 4,265 1,801 14,235 17, 805 30, 187 4,993 31,046 27,095 2,898 3,935 580 1,871 1,943 t,SI5 34,254 3,730 2,195 6,451 2,434 3,565 6,053 7,711 2,837 6,710 94 6,664 6,732 4,439 15, 757 7,488 2,460 7,050 i,su 3,377 3,672 2,274 2,210 1,102 IS 1,622 30, 746 Febru- ary. 527, 195 3,917 1,470 236 6,448 79,737 17,490 356 16,881 6,526 9,526 4,227 296 3,243 36,890 8,855 4,486 4,234 2,809 1,701 14,170 17,752 31, 156 6,098 31,214 27,078 2,912 3,972 589 930 2,071 1,910 1,384 34,509 3,740 2,132 6,373 2,388 3,451 6,030 7,586 2, ess 5,600 101 6,802 5,483 4,381 15, 898 7,628 2,497 6,946 4,695 3,387 3,604 2,248 2,227 1,163 IS 1,613 30,653 March. 931. 606 S,86S 1,420 240 6,380 4,963 81,581 18,670 375 17,028 6,713 9,443 4,106 314 3,303 37,058 8,976 4,542 4,308 2,768 1,680 14,308 17,728 32,884 5,046 31, 216 27,115 2,939 3,728 604 938 2,050 1,973 1,374 34.429 3,625 2,189 5,435 2,213 3,486 6,952 7,962 2,690 6,211 94 6,827 5,590 4,509 15,546 7,636 2,562 6,937 4,774 3,221 3,649 2,291 2,344 1,141 15 1,620 31, 045 April. 3,872 1,449 242 6,257 4,847 81,011 16,785 361 16,940 6,593 9,356 4,178 277 3,313 37,250 9,135 4,433 4,169 2,869 1,667 13,871 17, 782 33,501 4,813 30,690 26,922 2,937 3,834 607 957 1,981 1,819 1,362 34,602 3,422 B,061 5,344 2,236 3,609 6,786 8,057 2,867 6,281 60 6,729 6,410 4,647 14,631 7,821 2,591 6,536 4,890 3,263 3,747 2,312 2,271 1,111 16 1,578 30,611 May. 518,448 3,887 1,376 248 6,222 4,803 79,968 15,468 370 17, 060 6,500 9,611 4,199 278 3,437 37, 131 3,999 3,991 2,777 1,686 13,468 17, 792 32,836 4,681 30, 103 24,873 2,869 3,927 699 948 2,011 1,734 1,333 33,913 3,286 2,200 5,224 2,234 3,611 5,528 7,909 2,907 6,286 5J, 6,502 5,275 4,580 14, 619 7,583 1,887 6,511 4,961 3,276 3,854 2,358 2,181 ms 17 1,614 30,212 June. 512, 364 July. August. 499, 112 3,926 1,440 260 79, 189 16,290 348 16,879 6,372 9,299 4,131 231 3,209 36,712 8,881 3,914 3,859 2,915 1,697 13,366 17,631 33, 452 i,279 29,847 24,287 2,781 4,036 595 951 1,910 1,604 1,342 33,078 3,128 2,143 5,457 2,211 3,481 5,264 7,768 3,190 6,496 64 6,166 5,358 4,625 14,038 7,295 1,634 6,317 5,007 3,306 3,768 2,328 2,110 981 17 1,537 29,440 4,035 1,464 249 6,773 4,455 77,367 16, 631 337 16,811 6,221 8,048 4,102 250 3,185 37,075 8,822 3,805 3,741 2,874 1,688 12,604 17, 467 30, 068 4, 671 28,989 26,011 2,730 4,090 604 939 1,890 1,670 1,379 32, 760 3,132 2,142 5,421 2,160 3,267 6,134 7,208 3,014 6,348 60 S,eS9 5,327 4,488 13, 570 7,148 1,619 6,141 4,897. 3,299 3,610 2,210 2,069 978 18 1,443 29,426 492,870 4,043 1,677 243 6,702 - 4,637 76, B6S 16,622 319 16,807 6,082 7,439 4,126 260 3,160 36, 724 8,e09 3,697 s,7ie 2,716 1,691 i!!,Ul 17,364 29, 768 4,673 26,212 S,S77 3,991 BOO 933 1,874 1,673 1,403 32,228 S,071 2,168 6,189 2,096 S,100 J,, 861 7,042 2,842 6,036 61 3,920 B,^S0 4,377 13, 396 7,om 2,111 6,149 4,757 3,181 3,469 2,198 1,968 979 18 1,S88 28,689 Sep- tember. 494,306 3,979 1,579 245 5,903 4,621 77,900 16,001 304 16,838 6,098 7,362 3,877 235 3,150 36,848 8,780 3,697 3,755 2,806 1,543 12,509 17,375 30, 142 6,254 29,045 24,861 2,712 3,722 618 962 1,^67 1,652 1,365 31,964 3,144 2,193 6,184 2,251 3,487 6,001 7,362 2,701 5,119 97 4,029 6,380 4,300 is,mg 7,123 1,609 6,397 4.669 3,169 3,496 2,203 1,928 987 17 1,442 28,668 Octo- ber. 497,076 3,876 1,614 247 5,984 4,439 79,011 16,017 302 16,704 6,081 7,098 3,898 229 3,142 36,796 8,761 3,662 3,803 2,841 1,478 12, 742 17, 374 31, 210 5,482 29,194 24,427 2,874 S,2SS 634 1,014 1,939 1,691 1,362 33, 019 3,236 2,216 5,146 2,340 3,524 5,226 7,320 2,884 i;9Bl 91 4,140 5,492 4,417 13, 235 7,216 1,783 4,564 3,216 3,394 2,150 1,860 1,064 17 1,646 28,607 Novem- ber. 492, 966 3,909 1,413 261 5.645 4,446 77,833 15,269 m 16,211 5,834 7,179 s,ses 199 3,302 se,i7o 8,706 S,S8i 3,845 2,870 1,469 12, 739 17,047 30,006 6,263 29,827 2,932 3,636 544 1,000 1,848 1,732 1,323 32,988 3,319 2,100 5,132 2,213 3,485 6,579 7,157 2,906 6,031 93 4,200 6,488 4,444 13, 374 7,252 1,780 6,272 6, 142 s.m 3,396 i,9eo 1,809 1,042 16 1,719 27, 777 Decem- ber. 3,923 1,U2 247 6,666 4,219 76,822 16,105 298 16,046 6,697 7,401 3.881 200 3,000 37,060 8,713 3,626 3,872 2,822 1,460 12,929 16,809 27,S07 6,105 29,209 24,111 3,039 3,860 534 1,050 1,868 1,787 1,332 32, 372 3,356 2,119 6,100 2,226 3,306 5,417 6,798 2,704 6,317 91 3,870 5,383 2,877 13,616 7,176 1,673 B,9S8 4,774 3,146 3,369 1,976 1,911 1,056 15 1,799 27,661 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 91.4 96.5 77.0 89.7 82.4 85.2 93.9 84.8 79.2 94.1 83.4 74.5 91.5 63.4 87.3 97.1 94.2 78.9 86. S 93.0 80.4 87.0 94.4 81.5 78.1 91.2 88.8 84.8 79.0 82.4 87.8 89.2 .79.6 86.6 92.4 82.1 93.0 93.5 86.1 85.8 80.1 84.4 83.7 76.4 63.6 64.0 91.2 62.2 83.0 90.6 58.2 84.2 88.4 92.2 87.2 83.1 77.2 83.6 72.2 78.9 89.1 Of the selected industries, straw hats and brick and tile and pottery show the greatest degree of fluctuation in number of wage earners employed. In the manu- facture of straw hats the number employed in July was but 35.7 per cent of the number in March, while in. brick, tile, and pottery the number of wage earners in Decem- ber was only 38 per cent of the number in June. The greatest stability of employment is shown for bread and bakery products, paper and wood pulp, and print- ing and publishing, the percentage which the mini- mum formed of the maximum in these industries being 95.7, 95.6, and 95.4, respectively. Of the 60 cities, Revere and Salem show the greatest variation in the number of wage earners employed, the minimum num- ber being 53.5 and 54 per cent, respectively, of the maximum. The most steady employment of wage earners is shown for Fall River, where the minimum number formed 97.1 per cent of the maximum. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 600 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETCS. to number of hoxirs of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 11 njDUSTBT AND CITY. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. In establisbments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 4Sand under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. Between 60 and 72. Over 72. All industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boots and shoes, rubber Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery '. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Corsets. . Cotton goods, inclu(Ung cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. . Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating. Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Jeweh-y. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 606,698 584,559 3,439 4,138 85,114 83,063 8,087 4,244 1,620 1,791 ■ 6,697 1,262 1,456 1,903 1,449 5,319 5,954 1,348 1,639 6,264 5,162 1,395 1,358 7,645 7,335 6,076 5,813 6,787 5,548 2,688 2,627 7,614 6,319 2,298 1,989 113,559 108,914 6,485 6,747 17,125 14,507 2,777 3,558 41,361 44, 179 6,954 7,277 3,182 2,292 •2,383 2,668 10,635 9,941 2,889 3,115 6,505 7,423 49,358 29,484 68,221 28,555 340,219 103, 114 123,488 380,223 21,614 35,887 3,133 4,599 157 1,230 508 1,467 18 3 1,483 212 106 28 3 40 614 303 115 36 56 231 17 675 265 379 542 1,629 35 932 714 90 52 1,051 259 177 637 266 953 310 634 542 334 54 13,704 4,258 1,347 594 111 55 182 94 2 57 200 94 103 45 498 4,039 1,188 10 8 2,870 1,271 3,588 2,671 3,873 2,966 129 347 12 101 935 11 1,502 298 2,205 295 181 8,495 1,259 916 129 496 245 451 215 iieather goods. 1,984 2,645 45,527 33,007 8,087 6,928 2,103 453 492 1,649 581 258 1,513 1,103 617 704 2,225 3,689 535 16 3; 126 2,590 2,100 949 1,008 747 724 520 7,146 1,347 2,286 110,434 41 1,562 2,820 10, 519 902 1,085 97 13,158 11,059 687 2,108 22 735 344 14 9,702 257 39 1,453 234 DfgitJz^ hy M&roS)ft^' 1,004 1,242 23,904 44,563 565 2,27S 470 664 1,969 1,855 342 425 115 154 170 5,909 94 172 811 1,033 2,973 9 1,610 205 1,785 844 987 363 4,897 1,855 1,139 108,766 3,138 2,543 3,763 12,851 1,184 2,696 16,882 29,735 2,841 3,312 749 314 1,904 2,331 376 4,267 6,755 302 602 70 16 496 1,023 583 540 1,286 2,611 222 648 19 32 11 241 246 24 909 1 93 135 543 1,861 1,747 1,910 394 437 12 19 2,194 2,687 165 21 326 85 109 39 58 1,323 195 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 601 TKble 11-Continued. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. nrorsTET and an. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 10,164 10,252 2,106 1,7391. 8,156 8,976 3,858 5,015 2,026 1,686 3,906 4,245 2,356 2,460 13,401 12,848 5,829 5,135 1,381 1,183 18,170 17,532 4,495 4,109 2,163 2,465 3,582 3,325 2,467 1,790 3,926 3,551 1,381 1,031 2,899 3,718 1,950 1,578 64,255 53,873 81,756 72,693 508,647 244 - 155 1,510 305 1,052 1,058 3,260 3,991 313 311 244 700 4 6 5,171 944 53 48 477 356 14,156 11.404 330 1 283 108 140 35 2,020 987 260 332 782 663 641 420 18 12 1,705 386 1,913 46 693 434 2,033 1,863 22 39 340 4,071 120 456 1,392 2,356 1,793 81 304 397 169 2,876 2,856 2,060 5,043 8,292 523 1,577 1/iQuors, malt 7 2,033 3,600 100 142 404 543 135 195 279 2,443 2,006 3,697 1,146 2,922 105 252 636 1.342 Lumber and timber products 695 1,486 157 187 130 41 11 59 Millinery and lace goods. . Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials - 10 75 5 « Paper and wood pulp 3,149 848 2,478 1,776 85 63 1,3-10 2,911 4,123 620 4,023 107 190 21 70 6 20 563 2,425 132 153 54 625 133 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations ■ 8 Printing and publishing 2 Silk goods, including throwsters 20 4,069 1,663 2,166 987 1,337 798 1,399 119 300 1,121 70 1,088 44 168 59 613 58 41 Slaughtering and meat packing . 60 69 430 3 3,712 3,256 8 2 90 35 161 342 46 87 85 11 1,324 1,819 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 4 1 2 Tobacco manufactures 141 675 875 870 682 863 1,204 7,666 48,667 29,303 44,068 97,337 8 Toysandgames 106 2,029 3,036 4 10 1,756 4,554 4,613 5,865 16,193 Wire 1 711 264 4.3, 170 255 30,990 13, 019 284,760 Wiiework, including woven- wire fencing 372 89 1,614 138 8,226 4,237 66,297 11 50 359 7,539 2,517 41,837 Woolen, worsted, and felt goods '. All other industries '987 1,389 2,784 45 678 104 53 Total for cities 420 335 Adams 3,930 1,451 246 6,058 4,641 78,894 16,246 335 16,749 6,241 8,426 4,064 256 3,226 36,834 8,837 3,982 3,964 2,814 1,602 13,281 17,493 31,043 4,929 29,904 25,339 2,850 3,822 559 962 13 80 85 28 21 18,662 586 35 3,430 1,000 70 3 7 14 89 3,129 30,167 478 241 2,880 2,203 269 13 8 432 669 672 1,929 3,607 1,340 97 1,821 846 21,962 14,862 59 8,924 1,962 5,425 3,493 11 1,509 33,203 5,473 1,224 547 1,993 168 6,618 9,561 29,405 2,116 25,114 11,844 1,898 221 213 776 241 163 11 3 13 Arlington.. 60 3,962 627 6,881 306 Attleboeo ... 143 118 738 14 15 Beteely Boston 128 33 323 Bbockton Beookune Cambeidqe 692 884 2,218 540 221 469 2,207 635 446 1,720 192 1,172 5,808 3,644 259 2,244 1,996 10,539 82 3,496 118 28 570 189 440 12 2 24 310 718 137 1,676 18 79 469 430 68 221 50 64 1 4 35 262 3 1 Chelsea. . . Chicopee... . . 4 Cukton 6 Dedham 14 147 535 1,257 236 17 409 151 842 2,679 350 5 584 724 186 77 26 16 Eveeett ... 646 7 79 10 4 Fail Eivee 13 3 Fitchbueg Framingham Qaedneb - Gloccesteb 202 21 537 1,149 497 343 1,974 2,173 524 24 167 142 Qbeenheld 11 Haverhill 7 Holtoke ... ... 30 464 Lairvrence Leominster Lowell 186 5 159 Lynn Malden , Marlborough Medford Melrose Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 602 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 1 1— Continued. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. .In establishments where the prevailing houis of labor per week were— 48 and undk. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. "MF-TTTTTFT^ 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,940 1,749 1,347 33,343 3,349 2,154 5,288 2,250 3,446 5,485 7,490 2,845 5,783 80 5,294 5,429 4,332 14,240 7,371 2,008 6,465 4,787 3,246 3,584 2,209 2,074 1,048 16 1,565 29,452 1 246 124 635 28 330 1,165 219 151 19 228 6 1,244 11 128 351 10 1,716 212 38 70 6 13 152 634 15 166 3 260 1,392 1 209 75 249 127 863 489 367 299 105 31 2 3,364 701 1,032 1,889 1,042 971 30, 286 1,369 759 1,309 268 2,399 3,279 1,295 2,292 1,125 55 2,807 1,625 3,712 6,381 4,741 1,158 1,483 4,356 839 891 1,287 1,184 28 5 426 11,307 17 224 158 1,701 1,800 144 2,259 1,382 542 1,479 5,832 526 36 13 1,383 1,254 603 4,379 2J»25 "79 4,806 416 673 1,223 55 462 792 32 22 19 370 9 58 37 14 36 603 104 6 New Bedford 53 16 44 5 Newton 29 North Attleborough - . 19 PiTTSFIELD 19 QUINCY . . 14 Salem . . 275 1,167 7 560 37 5 16 3 45 1,291 31 SOUTHBRIDGE 1,955 257 28 90 7 1,776- 27 202 423 53 '249 99 Taunton Waltham 9 8 11 4,716 "WlNTIIROP . . . , 59 1,659 809 10,098 Worcester . - - 280 From this table it appears that there has been a general tendency to shorten the number of hours of labor for wage earners in the manufactures of the state. In 1909 there were 7,296 wage earners em- ployed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were more than 60 per week; in 1914 the number employed in such establishments was 3,798, a decrease of 47.9 per cent. During the same period the propor- tion of wage earners employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of work were fewer than 60 per week increased from 92.6 per cent to 95.8 per cent of the total. In 1909, for all industries combined and for most of them separately, the greatest number of wage earners in any one class were employed in establish- ments where the prevailing horn's of labor were 54 to 60 per week; but in 1914 this condition appears in es- tablishments operating on a 54-hour basis. The majority of wage earners in the cities were employed in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 54 per week. In Boston, Beverly, Chelsea, Framingham, Quincy, and Webster a greater number of the wage earners are found in establishments where the prevail- ing hours were between 48 and 54 per week than in any other class. location of establishments. — ^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Massachusetts were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 13 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPULATION or 10,000 OR OVEI DISTRICTS 01 OF CITIES H A POPULATI 10,000 OR 01 JT3IDE A VINO Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over.i ON OP rEZ. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Niunber or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of Dlaces 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 60 54 46 2,887,228 2,606,380 2,050,862 9,925 9,208 8,210 508,647 477,134 341,251 $1,395,520,001 1,234,417,010 715,626,978 609,690,086 548,219,736 326,156,070 80.1 77.4 73.1 82.6 78.8 75.1 83.8 81.6 77.9 85.0 82,8 78,8 85.9 83,1 79,8 34 29 26 504,560 435,391 400,464 1,691 1,427 1,461 95,369 84,242 67,559 $240,423,204 201,047,032 115,857,607 107,015,231 90,791,565 54,798,314 14.0 12,9 14.3 14.1 12.2 13.4 15.7 14.4 15.4 14.6 13.5 12.8 15.1 13.8 13.4 19 20 17 932,620 1,008,483 852,988 2,931 3,124 3,133 173,862 206,982 165,117 $499,265,367 543,367,703 346,724,807 204,494,886 229,499,986 144,655,457 25.9 30,0 30.4 24.4 26.7 28.7 . 28,6 35.2 37.7 30.4 36.5 38,2 28.8 34.8 36.4 7 5 3 1,450,058 1, 162, 506 797,420 5,303 4,657 3,616 239,416 186,910 108,575 $655,831,430 490,002,275 253,044,564 298,179,969 227,928,185 126,702,299 Population^ 3,605,522 3,366,416 2,805,346 12,013 11,684 10,929 606,698 584,559 438,234 $1,641,373,047 1,490,529,386 907,626,439 709,989,254 659, 764, 443 408,971,406 40.2 34.5 28.4 44.1 39.9 33.1 39.5 32.0 24.8- 40.0 •32,9 27.9 42.0 34,5 31,0 718,294 760,036 754,484 2,088 2,476 2,719 98,051 107,425 96,983 $246,863,046 256,112,376 191,999,461 100,299,168 111,544,707 82,815,336 19.9 Number of establishments Average number of wage earners. 22.6 26.9 17.4 21.2 24.9 16.2 18.4 22.1 15.0 17.2 21.2 14.1 16.9 20.2 Value added by manufacture. . 1 Includes Hyde Park, consolidated with Boston, Jan. 1, 1912. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® » Census estimate of population for 1914. MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 603 In accepting the statistics in this table, it must be remembered that some of the cities — ^Amesbm-y, Ded- ham, Natick, North Attleborough, West Springfield, and Winchester' — that had a population of 10,000 apd over at the census of 1914 were included in the dis- tricts outside of the cities at prior censuses. Hyde Park was consolidated with Boston in 1912; therefore the figures for that city are included with those for Boston for each census. In 1909 Medford had less than 25,000 inhabitants; but during the five-year pe- riod 1909-1914 the population had increased so that it is now in the group of cities having "25,000 to 100,000" inhabitants. During the same period the population of New Bedford and Springfield increased so that in 1914 they are included in the group ' ' 100,000 and over." It is apparent, therefore, that the figures in this table are not strictly comparable. The table shows, however, that for 1914 the cities which repre- sented 80.1 per cent of the estimated population of the state reported 82.6 per cent of the number of estab- lishments, 83.8 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, 85 per cent of the value of products, and 85.9 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Of the total value of products shown for the state in 1914, 14.6 per cent was reported from the 34 cities having between 10,000 and 25,000 inhabitants, 30.4 per cent from the 19 cities having between 25,000 and 100,000, and 40 per cent from the 7 cities having more than 100,000 inhabitants. Of the total average num- ber of wage earners, 68.1 per cent are employed in cities having a population of 25,000 or over. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 60 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 CITY. Boston Worcester... Lawrence Lynn New Bedford FallBiver... Cambridge. . . Lowell Brockton Springfield... Holyoke Somerrille... Haverhill Chicopee.... Fitchburg... Pittsfleld Peabody Chelsea Taunton Watertown.. AVEKAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EABNEKS. 1914 78,894 29,452 31,043 25,339 33,343 16, 749 29,904 16,246 14,240 17,493 5,429 13,281 8,426 8,837 7,490 5,485 6,241 7,371 4,787 1909 ' 73,957 28, 221 30,642 27,368 26,566 37,139 16,260 ! 32,333 14, 737 11,855 16,513 5,280 11,689 7,260 8,497 6,353 4,850 5,954 7,407 4,335 1904 I 63,151 22,796 21, 910 21,640 17,865 14,586 29, 303 13,889 10,523 14,685 3,474 9,574 4,670 6,498 4,455 3,953 4,939 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. $284,802,479 82,829,356 73,177,803 69,783,418 65,575,005 64,663,148 57,483,949 56,048,641 51, 259, 131 44,428,854 44,041,155 43,971,291 42,409,246 28, 869, 152 23,983,352 22,241,237 18,441,906 16,971,028 15,886,812 14,764,326 1909 i$244,793,556 77, 147, 884 79,992,668 71,503,140 53,237,839 64,145,726 44,227,396 2 59,687,714 45,972,388 31,772,815 40,097,224 38,686,527 35,376,617 19, 219, 166 23,252,155 15,215,202 15,548,732 17,002,492 15,379,821 11,545,555 1904 "$191,090,470 62, 144, 966 48,036,593 65,003,023 29,469,349 43,473,105 42,407,064 46,879,212 37, 790, 982 25,860,250 30,731,332 22,955,197 24,446,594 7,715,653 15,390,507 8,577,358 10,236,669 13,879,159 13,644,686 Table 13— Con. CITY. A-raBAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Attleboro Plymouth Salem 6,058 2,845 5,294 3,226 5,783 5,288 4,929 6,405 3,822 3,246 4,641 3,982 3,446 2,814 3,584 2,860 2,074 3.349 3,964 4,332 4,(T64 3,930 2,008 2,154 1,565 1,048 2,209 2,250 1,347 1,940 1,749 1,451 1,602 559 962 336 246 256 80 16 6,429 2,912 6,338 2,680 5,492 5,414 5,601 6,037 4,265 2 3,019 4,487 3,069 3,150 2,181 3,060 2,900 1,991 3,215 3,617 4,037 4,123 3,991 2,230 2,174 1,663 5,044 ' '5,' 945' 2,186 6,371 6,502 4,127 6,208 3,479 2,083 2,484 2,963 1,-763 2,634 2,954 1,841 2,955 3,168 3,223 3,482 3,994 "'i,'893' 1,482 $13,946,884 13,904,545 13,652,586 13,219,200 12,097,452 10,922,575 10,838,024 10,236,912 9,983,632 9,233,919 8,774,187 8,726,674 8,580,730 8,533,964 8,420,439 8,366,344 8,251,011 8,245,998 7,449,987 7,366,430 6,735,297 6,630,232 6,057,659 5,822,853 5,517,806 5,159,479 6,039,953 4, 867 ,■725 4, 666. 253 4,461,111 4,028,492 3,551,434 3,527,101 2,618,893 2,499,029 668,502 641,092 427,690 349, 696 77,994 $15,160,359 11,618,020 14,576,276 8,746,923 10,505,403 10,314,847 10,530,815 7, S14, 178 10,3S2,277 no, 027, 086 8,662,547 6,916,864 6,998,992 7,753,463 7,361 628 8,205,862 6,627,168 6,931,049 6,486,148 6,269,131 7,844,543 6,410,054 5,527,102 6,278,714 5,408,081 310,050,384 12,202,217 6,135,650 8,982,446 '8,035,705 7,601,720 7,149,697 7,468,849 Everett . . . Quincy North Adams Leominster Waltham Marlborough Webster 4 101 168 Framingham Northampton Gloucester Westfield Maiden 4,173,579 5,756.381 6,920,984 5,818,130 11 235 635 Weymouth Newburyport Gardner 4, 921; 955 6,809,979 5,019,019 4,201,853 5,457,865 6,492,001 Southbridge Clinton Wakefield 4,140,996 4,654,007 Woburn West Springfield. Natick- 1,672 1,801 ■ 1,782 3,475,702 4,442,140 Milford 3,390,504 Amesbury Greenfield 1,251 660 1,038 340 283 ""■'484' 1,671 495 2,801,011 2,045,289 2,824,669 532,303 696,366 Medford 871,820 9,450,929 732,845 Melrose . . BrooMine Arlington T)R(ihaTn 101 7 126 407,336 42,168 355,060 Winthrop ■ Includes Hyde Park, consolidated with Boston Jan. 1, 1912. 2 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only lor those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. In 24 of the cities for which comparative figures are given for 1904, 1909, and 1914, there was an increase in the average number of wage earners and in the value of products for each five-year period. In a number of , the cities fluctuations of increase and decrease in the two items are shown at the same census period. Mel- rose is the only city for which decreases appear in both items at each, census. The totals for Boston, Springfield, and Watertown are not fully representative of the manufacturing activities in those cities, since they do not include the statistics for the establishments operated by the Federal Government. The average nimiber of wage earners employed and the value of products manu- factured in these Federal institutions are given in the following statement, for 1914 r GOVERNMENTAL ESTABLISHMENT, 1914. Total Boston Navy Yard . Springfield Armory Watertown Arsenal Wage earners (average number). 2,388 1,033 769 • 586 Value of products. $3,456,841 1,560,506 866, 166 1,030,169 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 604 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. The principal industries in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants and over ia 1914, for which statistics can be presented separately, are shown in Table 14. The industries are listed in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, and show the abso- lute and relative increase from 1909 to 1914, and also the percentage which the value of products for each industry represents of the corresponding total for the state. Table 14 CITT AND INDUSTRY. Boston. Printing and publishing Boots and shoes, includmg cut stock and findings Foundry and machine-shap products Confectionery Clothing, men's Bread and other bakery products Clothing, women's Liquors, malt Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. . . Tobacco manufactures Slaughtering and meat packing Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Chocolate and cocoa products Sugar, refining Beockton. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products Printing and pubUsblng Lasts .'. Foimdry and machine-shop products Blacking, stains, and dressings Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails Cambkidge. Foundry and machine-shop products Printing and publishing Bread and other bakery products Confectionery Belting and hose, rubber Boots and shoes, rubber Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes Liquors, distilled Sugar, refining Fall Kivee. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Foundry and machine-shop products Bread and other bakery products Bags, other than paper 1 Cordage and twine Dyeing and finishing textiles Liquors, malt Waste, cotton HOLTOKE. Paper and wood pulp, paper exclusively. Foundry and machine-shop products Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Stationery goods, not elsewbere specified. Printing and pubHshing Lumber, planing-mill products, not in- cluding planing mills connected with sawmills Cotton goods Silk goods, including throwsters Woolen and worsted goods Lawrence. Woolen and worsted goods Cotton goods Foundry and machine-shop products Lumber and timber products VALUE or PRODUCTS. Amount 1914. $33,248,916 27,162,708 18,258,598 14,795,919 14,080,247 11,413,378 9,608,758 8,836,272 8, 463, 495 6, 684, 409 6,395,964 5,024,316 4,622,820 4, 144, 270 • m 44, 122, 125 1,069,520 744, 241 684, 358 431,325 429,536 m 5,332,392 4,019,642 3,954,493 3,285,724 (.') 49,995,011 1,063,957 1,017,232 m 178,525 197,044 931, 564 891,009 696,681 641,353 51,684,497 7, 143, 127 1,443,267 1, 139, 496 Per cent of the in- dus- try total for the state. 59.2 10.6 21.3 73.5 71.8 34.3 68.7 66.6 97.6 72.1 11.7 66.9 66.9 66.4 17.3 3.2 1.3 30.6 0.6 11.2 6.2 7.2 11.9 16.3 (.') 25.3 1.2 3.1 (.') 30.4 2.6 12.4 29.0 3.0 2.8 39.6 3.6 1.7 6.0 Increase' over 1909. Amount. $5,227,748 1,015,953 4,784,627 4,454,644 -454,761 3,303,959 1,767,018 1,282,603 3,165,608 1, 178, 102 2,300,014 3,488,579 6.66,822 219, 115 4,829,007 177,031 74,737 46,655 40,247 101,937 643,698 662,054 992,006 1,375,963 (.') 1,418,897 -277,756 221, 178 m 873,725 102, 130 607, 744 247, 136 279,610 f«1 6,951,463 317,627 -277, 176 -250,336 Per cent. 18.7 3.9 36.5 43.1 -3.1 40.7 22.5 17.0 59.4 21.4 56.2 227.2 16.6 5.6 m 12.3 19.8 11.2 8.5 10.3 31.1 m 11.4 19.4 33.5 72.0 m 2.9 -20.7 27.8 m 7.1 4.9 35.7 17.0 77.2 -11.9 4.7 -16.1 -18.0 Table 14— Continued. CITY AND industry. Lawrence— Continued. Bread and other bakery products. Boots and shoes. Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Dyeing and fimshing ' ' " _ line textiles. Paper and wood pulp Lowell. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Woolen and worsted goods Boots and shoes Foundry and machine-shop products Dyeing and finishing textiles Lumber and timber products Carpets and rugs, other than rag Hosiery and knit goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lynn. Boots and shoe», including cut stock and findings Jjeather, tanned, curried, and finished. . . Patent medicines ana compounds Bread and other bakery products Boxes and cartons, paper .• Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies New Bedford. Cotton goods : Bread and other bakery prod acts Printing and pubUshing Foundry and machme-shop products. Boots and shoes. Including findings. . . Brass and bronze products Cordage and twine Oil, fish ::: Tools, not elsewhere specified SoMER'niLE. Slaughtering and meat packing Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products. . Brass and bronze products Furniture Springfield. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes Printmg and publishing Foundry and machine-shop products Chemicals .- Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Slaughtering and meat packing Worcester. Foundry and machine-shop products. Wire.. Woolen and worsted goods Corsets Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Wirework, including woven-wire fencing . Belting, leather Carpets and rugs, other than rag Cars, steam-raiuoad, not including oper- ations of railroad companies Steel works and rolling mills Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Slaughtering and meat packmg VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount 1914. $799, 739 23,178,333 3,923,764 3,649,043 2,788,462 1,440,266 1,122,853 m 43,891,058 ,3,848,671 1,180,498 784,033 735,948 51,766,234 1,218,767 536,788 522,256 m 36,335,195 667, 874 210,389 4,014,677 3,756,770 3,403,835 12,225,893 6,394,982 3,586,143 3,433,607 -2,773,056 2,603,834 CT Per cent of the in- dus- try total forthe state. 2.3 11.7 3,0 1.4 3.3 6.4 4.9 17.2 8.5 14.3 2.4 10.4 26.2 3.7 1.0 0.6 m 66.7 2.0 0.2 9.2 6.7 4.0 m 14.3 76.2 2.8 75.0 LI 53.4 •P) Increase' over 1909. Amount. $227,514 -1,565,907 -1,698,082 899,205 -1,544,517 56,682 -2,768,651 -1,245,256 232,097 102,990 5,801 O 1,261,227 195,938 64,214 68,150 m 5,064,934 238,704 13,438 (?) ,823,201 -144,517 397,351 -993,393 -874,868 358,978 (') Per cent. 39.8 -6.3 -28.9 33.9 -35.6 5.3 -5.9 -24.4 24.5 15.1 0.8 « 21. S 19.2 U.2 15.0 (') 10.2 55.6 6.8 W 1,196.7 -3.7 13.2 {') -7.5 -19.6 14.9 (') ' A minus sign {— ) denotes decrease. 2 Relative rank can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. The statement on page 605 gives the principal indus- tries in the cities of Massachusetts having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants in 1914, arranged according to their rank as to the value of products. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 605 CITY. Principal industry. craT. Principal industry. Adams Cotton goods. Paper mills. Automobile bodies and parts. Lamps and reflectors. Boots and shoes. Lumber, planing-mill products. Piano materials. Jewelry. Cotton goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Silversmithing and silverware. Foundrj- and machine-shop products. Boots and shoes. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Automobile bodies and parts. Boots and shoes. Belting and hose, rubber. Lithographing. Boxes, wooden packing. Paints. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Cotton goods. Slaughtering and meat packing. Automobiles. Sporting and athletic goods. Cotton goods. Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Wirswork, woren-wire fencing, iron-wire cloth, etc. Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Dyeing and finishing textiles. Coke, not including gas-house coke. Chemicals. Boots and shoes. Varnishes. Paper mills. Cotton goods. Worsted goods. Firearms. Saws. Paper goods, cones, labels, boxes, etc. Boots and shoes. Worsted goods. Furniture, wood and rattan and willow. Carriages and sleds, children's. Canning and preserving, fish. Glue, not elsewhere specified. Nets and seines. Tools, machine, mechanics', etc. Silversmithing and silverware. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Boots and shoes. Boot and shoe cut stock. Boot and shoe findings. Paper mills. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Combs and hairpins, horn and celluloid. Shirts. Pianos. Buttons. Chemicals. Boots and shoes, rubber. Boap. Paints. Boots and shoes. Boxes, wooden packing. Wool pulling. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Boxes and cartons, paper. Boots and shoes, rubber. Clothing, women's. Bread and other bakery products. Cotton goods. Worsted goods. Boots and.shoes. Dyeing and finishing textiles. Hats, straw. Boots and shoes. Boot and shoe cut stock. Sporting and athletic goods. Boots and shoes. Cotton goods. Silversmithing and silverware. Worsted goods. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Foundry and machine-shop products. Dyeing and finishing textiles. Boots and shoes. Cotton goods. Worsted goods. Jewelry. Silversmithing and silverware. Boxes'and cartons, paper. Silk goods. Hosiery and knit goods. Lumber and timber products. Bnishes, bristle. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Upholstering materials, curled hair, etc. Foundry and machine-shop products. Electrical machinery, apparatus; and supplies. Woolen goods. Stationery goods, writing paper, cards, tablets, envelopes. Hosiery and knit goods. Worsted goods. Cordage and twine. Worsted goods. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Sliipbuilding, iron and steel. Monuments and tombstones. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, made in steel works and rolling mills. Foundry and machine-shop products. Marble and stone work. Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Arctutectural and fireprootlng terra ootta. Bread and other bakery products. Boots and shoos. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Cotton goods. Boot and shoe findings. Boot and shoe cut stock. Optical goods. Worsted goods. Cotton goods. Cotton goods. Stoves and ranges. Silversmithing and silverware. Foundry and machine-shop products. Oilcloth, enameled. Furniture, rattan and willow. Hosiery and knit goods. Boots and shoes. Watches. Automobiles. Cotton goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, made in steel works and rolling mills. Boots and shoes, rubber. Worsted goods. Automobiles. Stoves and ranges. House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified. Dyeing and finishing textiles. Boots and shoes. Woolen and worsted goods. Cotton goods. Whips. Steam fittings and steam and hot-water hea apparatus. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. Tobacco, cigars. Cotton goods. Paper mills. Railroad repair shops. Foundry and machme-shop products. Boots and shoes. Fertihzers. Boot and shoe findings. Varnishes. Boxes and cartons, paper. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Glue, not elsewhere specified. Soda-water apparatus. Felt goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Cleansing and polishing preparations. Bread and other bakery products. Ice, manufactured. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Chemicals. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boot and shoe cut stock. North Attleborough Northampton - Attleboro Pittsfield Brookline Chelsea Plymouth and Quincy Clinton Revere not Dedham EvcreU Ktchburg Sonthbridge Taunton "Frammg^haTn , , Wakefield Gardner Gloucester Waltham Gfeenfield Watertown HaveihiU not Leominster Webster Maiden Westfield Marlborough ting Medford Melrose Weymouth Methuen Winchester Miirord Natick Winthrop Wobum Newton Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 606 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Boston metropolitan district. — The district for which statistics are presented includes not only the area within the corporate limits of Boston but also parts of the surroimding territory which may in a general way be regarded as closely associated with the development of the city. In many cases manufacturing establishments of con- siderable size are located just outside the boundaries of cities. The corporate limits of some cities have been extended so as to include important manufacturing suburbs, whUe the boundaries of others have remaiaed xmchanged, although important manufacturing sub- urbs have developed. When city limits are estab- lished or extended the boundaries are ia many in- stances so run as to leave outside certain plants which from an industrial standpoint belong to the city. For this reason the statistics for a city alone do not always accurately represent its industrial importance. It fol- lows, therefore, that the importance of a city as a manu- facturing center can be ascertained only by combining the statistics for establishments actually located within its limits with those for the neighboring manufacturing establishments which are closely identified with its in- dustrial development. Territory included. — The Boston metropplitan dis- trict embraces 335,905 acres of territory, of which 27,612 acres constitute the area of Boston. It com- prises in addition to the city of Boston, 25 cities for which separate statistics are given in Table 45. The estimated population of the city of Boston in 1914 was 733,802 and that of the outside territory 902,141, form- ing a total population for the district of 1,635,943. The following outhne map shows, for 1914, the cities and towns that are included in the naetropolitan dis- trict of Boston. \ \ PEAflODY J V \_jW,KEnEl,[»i.^ -X^\ci ^y^ii v-v ^ wosunA J 1 y-V, s\s*S^ ■"J^j^"^ rv/\/ w/K- «Us\ '!"» \ '^'I y^ ^^.."''^ L " JmelrosX "^ / LEXINGTON^ / gl:— ' / LINCOLN L^^^ / q-AmEOFOB^ "ciT^!!j > v^v. ..ff / 1 (^;^^TERTOWr^/Wf^^ l^^^r U \ WAVLAND WESTON V-.^ '^-^~P'^ .^Aii^Cir?^^^ ( \^ 5: o 1 FBAMINOHAM /\j^ ^=^' -n C7 ^•■~s.^ I NATICK \ / NEEDHAfl ^(6 ' j^ /^^^^^^^ V / \/^~^ ^^f ^ i X, i ^ ^/^^deohaTW^ /o"'"^'^^^'^ \ SHEtJBOnN 1 OOVEP / '^^i' '^ ""-TON < '^ -^S ' ""■ \ \ ^^-^ y \ \ Cjo. ^^■^< / Ny^ XT' 1 fiRAlNTREE J 1 \^""°°y O.N,On\»-»0^ HJ Summary of the district. — Table 15 is a summary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, Digitized by with a statement of the estimated population in 1914 of the district, of the city of Boston, and of the remain- der of the district. The percentages which the figures for Boston represent separately of the total for the district are shown for each item. Table 15 Population ' Number of estabUsbments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . Salaried employees Wage earners (averagenumber) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries .- . Wages Paid for contract work Eent and taxes (including inter- nal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) BOSTON METROPOLITAN DISTBIC?r, 1914. The district. 1,635,943 5,543 225,632 4,803 29,062 191, 767 257,377 1526,765,925 157,155,755 38,990,973 118,164,782 6,959,484 15,245,301 359, 358, 085 642,349,788 282,991,703 Boston. 733,802 3,138 98,913 2,656 15,363 78,894 85, 897 J215,176,513 70,688,281 21,244,004 49, 444, 277 5,432,998 9,435,555 150,568,280 284,802,479 134, 234, 199 District exclusive of Boston.' 902,141 2,405 128, 719 2,147 13,899 112, W3 171,480 1311,589,412 86,467,474 17,746,969 68,720,505 1,526,488 5,809,746 208, 789, 805 357,647,309 148,757,504 Per cent Bos- ton is of total for dis- trict. 44.9 58.6 43.0 55.3 52.9 41.1 33.4 40.8 45.0 54.6 41.9 78.1 61.9 41.9 44.3 1 Includes the following cities: Arlington, Brookline, Cambridge, Chelsea, Ded- ham, Everett, Framingham, Lynn, Maiden, Medford, Melrose, Natick, Newton, Peabody, Quincy, Revere, Salem, Somerville, Wakefield, Waltham, Watertown, Weymouth, Winchester, Winthrop, and Wobum, separate statistics for which are given in Table 45. 2 Estimated July 1, 1914. In 1914 the metropohtan district had 5,543 manu- facturing estabhshments, which gave employment to 225,632 persons during the year, 191,767 of whom were wage earners, and paid out4157, 155,755 in salaries and wages. These establishments manufactured products to the value of $642,349,788, to produce which ma- terials were used amoxmting to $359,358,085, thus the value added by manufacture was $282,991,703. Comparison vnih earlier censuses. — ^Table 16 is a comparative summary of the statistics of the Boston metropohtan district as a whole, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, together with the per cent of increase for the decade and for each five-year period. Table 16 Population Number of establish- ments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees... Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages . Salaries Wages Cost of materials ". . . . Valueofproducts Value added by manufac- ture (value of products less cost of materials) . . . BOSTON METKOPOLITAN DISTRICT. 1914 2 1,635,943 6, 225; 632 4 29; 062 191,767 257,377 8526,765,925 157, 155, 755 38,990,973 118,164,782 359,358,085 642,349,788 282,991,703 1909 3 1,520,470 5,389 214,641 4,989 23,700 185,952 223,886 $444,558,420 132,394,865 29,073,546 103,321,319 315,770,540 564,054,506 248,283,966 1904 •1,354,653 4,870 182,270 5,123 16,666 160,481 161,954 $311,088,956 102,501,692 18,637,473 83,864,219 249,836,542 457,254,360 207,417,818 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' 1904- 1914 20. 13. 23.8 -6.2 74.4 19.5 58.9 69.3 63.3 109.2 40.9 43.8 40.6 36.4 1909- 1914 7.6 2.9 6.1 -3.7 22.6 3.1 15.0 18.5 18.7 34.1 14.4 13.8 13.9 14.0 1904- 1909 12.2 10.7 17.8 -2.6 42.2 15.9 38.2 42.9 29.2 66.0 23.2 26.4 23.4 19.7 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Estimated July 1, 1914. Microsoft® a Apr. 15, 1910. ' State census. May 1, 1905. MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 607 The figures for 1914 and 1909 are for the "metro- pohtan" area as defined in the population census of 1910, and those for 1904 are for the "industrial" area, as given in the census of manufactures of 1904. The difference in area is slight and does not materially affect the comparison of the figures given in the table. While increases are shown in all items, except pro- prietors and firm members, during each five-year period, they are smaller for 1909-1914 than for the earlier period. For the decade, 1904-1914, very sub- stantial increases are shown. Comparative summary, hy industries. — Statistics for those industries having products valued at $1,000,000 or more in 1914, which can be shown separately, are given in Table 17 for 1914 and 1909. Table 17 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOK THE BOSTON METBOPOUTAN DISTEICT, BY INDUSTRIES: 1911 AND 1909. Census year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in the industry. Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value of products. INDVSTEY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salaried em- ployees. Wage earners (average num- ber). Value added by manufac- ture. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 .'>,543 5,389 5 225,632 214,641 4,803 4,989 29,062 23,700 191,767 185,952 257,377 223,886 1526,765,925 444,558,420 $38,990,973 29,073,546 3118,164,782 103,321,319 $359,358,086 315,770,540 8642,349,788 564,054,506 $282,991,703 248,283,966 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 27 24 1,610 1,001 14 14 208 139 1,388 848 1,320 623 2,473,254 1,556,831 199,314 138,606 1,064,442 619,408 2,197,519 1,064,842 4,334,090 2,280,009 2,136,571 1,226,167 Blacking and cleansing and polishmg preparations. 1914 1909 54 52 778 718 37 43 245 207 496 468 510 805 1,323,245 1,521,478 375,621 301, 119 250,914 217,058 1,808,271 1,629,244 3,246,646 3,212,367 1,438,375 1,583,123 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 367 379 37,445 38,711 381 411 3,174 2,802 33,890 35,498 13,863 16,035 47,000.495 40,954,462 3,915,873 2,863,620 20,030,148- 19,124,660 68,072,827 68,608,765 104,205,579 103,242,953 36,132,762 34,734,188 Boxes, fancy and paper 1914 1909 47 48 2,475 2,377 26 35 178 158 2,271 2,184 1,321 1,242 1,927,568 1,402,661 248,976 202,662 1,003,858 867,627 1,750,767 1,678,118 3,517,112 3, 315, 959 1,766,345 1,637,841 Brass, bronze, and copper products. 1914 1909 38 46 910 1,067 32 40 63 73 815 954 2,260 1,973 1,841,756 1,885,918 128,761 102,327 546,784 617,779 1,405,174 1,664,303 2,433,189 2,925,298 1,028,015 1,260,995 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 593 535 6,154 5,018 644 569 860 811 4,650 3,638 4,072 7,887 8,787,402 9,095,032 897,692 668,053 2,775,481 2,046,634 10,172,698 8,786,364 19, 273, 819 14,363,718 9,101,121 5,577,354 Brushes 1914 1909 14 17 1,143 1,250 11 14 119 108 1,013 1,128 584 382 2,794,442 1,880,065 177,507 136, 476 479,401 447, 549 1,861,697 1,168,060 2,967,283 2, 202, 880 1, 105, 586 1,044,820 Canning and preserving 1914 1909 29 28 650 499 15 21 147 122 488 356 626 589 1, 197, 198 1,046,197 221,858 137,224 259,217 154,354 1,787,345 1,452,880 2,807,032 2,070,803 1,019,687 617,923 parriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 71 58 877 741 86 72 57 45 7k 624 965 849 1, 116, 145 964,989 58,283 41,640 643,050 410,248 561,396 465,706 1,434,884 1,213,649 873, 48& 747,944 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Qhemicals 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 11 14 8 12 19 17 1,112 1,018 4,404 3,855 1,011 892 10 8 24 18 - 189 170 181 150 1,088 1,000 4.215 3,685 820 734 200 1,356 3,306 3,926 3,207 2,012 1,566,020 1,313,596 4,870,695 3, 258, 702 4,694,418 2,835,041 30,654 23,588 198,545 154, 420 294,465 226, 972 872, 843 687,288 2,828,697 2,385,208 586, 180 481, 179 666,630 490,210 2,876,058 2,336,201 2,126,641 1,856,886 1,488,339 1,216,732 5,903,920 4,948,127 4,263,374 3,600,363 821,709 725,522' 3,027,862 2,611.926 2,136,733 1,743,477 Clothing 1914 1909 349 11,367 10,460 405 433 1,110 917 9,852 9,110 2,034 1,950 10, 509, 297 9,394,915 1,344,925 1,022,469 5,272,714 4,342,547 14,171,689 12,888,050 25,978,221 24,001,327 11,806,532 11,113,277 Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. 1914 1909 '17 12 825 644 17 10 362 279 446 355 1,114 936 3,559,279 2, 621, 518 665,918 444, 448 252,490 193, 184 6, 124, 157 3,879,976 8,463,495 5,543,838 2,339,338 1, 683, 863 Confectionery ~. ..1914 99 78. 7,239 5,659 63 53 853 650 6,323 4,956 4,835 3,378 9,607,423 6,028,139 1,218,629 1,001,577 2,488,312 1,606,018 11,260,601 7,436,106 18,437,701 12,487,864 7,177,100 1909 5,051,768 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 10 13 384 405 4 8 23 22 357 375 554 776 483, 740 679,993 36,672 35,995 226. 527 201,623 672, 792 600,678 1,021,778 937,048 348,986 336,370 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. 1914 1909 94 99 2,287 2,350 108 94 350 279 1,829 1,977 1,294 982 5,961,497 5,174,517 423,906 308,472 1,119,475 1,129,482 2,664,907 2,231,785 5,313,813 4,629,656 2, 6.58, 906 2,397,871 Cotton goods, including cot- ton small wares. 1914 1909 " 8 6 2,294 2,642 2 3 69 47 2,233 2,592 10, 460 7,402 7,346,570 4,691,657 113,756 98,211 969,920 1,041,391 2,206,167 2,237,334 3,788,183 4,428,528 1,582,016 2,189,194 Cutlery and tools, not else- where speciiied. 1914 1909 34 32 1,034 1,597 35 32 140 122 869 1,443 1,172 1,404 3,877,168 2,437,635 187,272 190,312 449, 192 629,494 821,233 1,021,080 3,459,484 3,182,744 2,638,251 2,161,664 Dyeing and finishing textiles. 1914 1909 18 11 1,626 1,288 3 6 109 62 1,514 1,220 4,463 3,699 2,491,120 2,208,627 175,489 109,648 762,241 •671,943 949,898 783,910 2,276,876 2,086,930 1,325,978 1,303,020 Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. 1914 1909 61 63 14,213 12,373 17 19 1,932 1,608 12,264 10,846 18,374 11,462 27,430,915 23,392,474 2,597,958 1,759,833 7,321,096 6,884,212 9,515,692 7,917,568 25,354,827 19,787,013 15,839,136 11,869,455 Food preparations 1914 1909 44 25 619 466 44 27 201 181 374 248 794 434 909,773 722,643 334,180 231,917 227,958 143,291 1,520,953 749,275 3,221,502 1,654,763 1,700,549 905, 488 Foundry and machine-shop products. 1914 1909 412 363 16,270 16,174 249 261 2,464 2,006 13,557 13,907 19,973 18,007 39,870,146 38,311,242 3,409,028 2,563,245 9,552,156 8,789,883 12,066,871 11,620,70; 32,585,404 29,752,537 20,518,533 18,131,830 Furnishing goods, men's 1914 1909 23 27 1,890 2,141 16 21 231 255 1,643 1,865 854 896 2,794,738 2,958,800 303,024 379,339 763,402 ' 827,326 2,773,069 3,607,193 4,620,037 6,107,668 1,846,968 2,500,375 Furniture and refrigerators. . . 1914 1909 81 91 2,991 3,381 70 95 333 290 2,588 2,996 2,995 4,471 4,901,922 5,546,316 487,233 387,882 1,749,525 1,875,336 2,731,6.38 2,701,662 6,643,758 ,6,657,891 3,912,220 3,956,229 Oas, illuminating ondheating. 1914 1909 17 19 1,533 1,195 232 171 1,301 1,024 6,297 4,420 42,301,773 36,624,693 322,461 202,742 888,957 577,181 3,294,411 2,114,345 8,906,776 6,274,063 s; 612, 365 4,159,718 > ExcVudes statistics for establishmentsr4acati It avoid disclosure of individual operations. 608 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 17— Continued. COMPAEATIVE SUMMARY FOE THE BOSTON METEOPOUTAN DISTEICT, BY INDUSTBIES: 1914 AND 1909. Census year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in the industry. Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value of products. INDVSTBT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salaried 'em- ployees. Wage earners (average num- ber). Value added by maniifno- ture. Glue, not elsewhere specifled. 1914 1909 7 8 493 449 2 6 42 43 449 400 1,251 1,591 82,254,947 2,289,349 S71,820 56,674 *225,908 160,996 $1,171,017 643,781 $1,663,823 970,657 $492,806 326,876 Grease and tallow, not includ- ing lubricating greases. 1914 1909 15 15 312 303 \ 6 10 47 55 259 ■238 477 672 1,279,541 685,839 68,890 79,865 184,081 148,830 946; 289 805,023 1,314,147 1,176,442 368,868 371,419 Hosiery and knit goods 1914 1909 38 32 2,806 2,635 25 21 ISO 129 2,601 2,385 1,707 1,266 6,161,396 3,031,602 266,926 231,230 1,244,518 908,035 3,483,187 2,580,003 6,327,715 4,940,772 2,844,528 2,360,769 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specifled. 1914 1909 21 14 495 315 14 15 69 26 412 274 764 285 904, 416 620,637 84,022 30,639 186,631 112,267 778,227 558, 487 1,226,429 844,841 447,202 286,354 Instruments, professional and soientiflc. Jewelry 1914 21 676 14 129 633 627 1,027,084 126,129 372,656 439,294 1,043,681 604,287 1914 1909 52 42 599 1,130 49 40 100 121 460 969 310 656 740, 112 1.143,398 108,720 130,998 283,561 487,675 489,343 783,603 1,160,812 1,804,643 671,469 1,021,040 Leather goods 1914 1909 62 69 697 1,081 61 71 94 160 542 850 218 386 797,119 986,626 101,081 160, 180 317,388 410, 191 950,222 1,166,667 1,720,339 2,094,291 770,117 938,624 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 109 109 9,103 9,038 85 92 472 513 8,546 8,433 21,133 15,542 33,416,670 29,511,938 690,858 741,561 4,938,974 4,604,668 26,374,996 22,913,876 36,370,668 32,493,668 9,995,672 9,579,792 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 13 120 1,461 1,338 2 2 234 210 1,226 1,126 5,961 4,799 13,688,141 13, 436, 765 588,935 478, 169 1,148,553 1,019,213 2,593,579 1,956,874 8,836,272 7,553,669 6,242,693 5,696,795 Lumber and timber products . 1914 1909 128 123 2,706 2,533 108 120 299 244 2,299 2,169 8,632 7,393 4,659,719 3,912,863 400,523 281,119 1,643,119 1,438,170 4,210,710 3,187,661 7,297,465 6,112,989 3,086,766 2,926,328 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 173 193 2,340 3,051 230 258 196 187 1,914 2,606 6,460 7,547 3,184,561 3,456,026 227,679 225,457 1,517,256 1,931,735 1,388,409 1,624,653 4,237,875 4,896,578 2,849,266 3,271,925 Mattresses and spring beds. . . 1914 1909 30 35 673 648 25 32 92 98 656 618 641 439 638,185 665,669 134,316 118,917 279,026 259,246 1-, 163, 623 1,077,636 1,972,910 1,826,306 819,287 748,769 Millinery and lace goods 1914 1909 63 67 2,098 1,894 62 71 273 219 1,763 1,604 383 324 1,867,992 1,478,094 374,964 252,854 831,066 636,167 2,696,045 2,147,694 4,641,403 3,748,470 1,946,358 1,600,776 Mineral and soda waters. ....". 1914 1909 55 54 366 386 66 64 101 94 199 228 312 282 978,934 933,060 164,816 121,140 145,268 154,360 613,869 465,061 1,403,825 1,191,833 789,966 726,772 Mucilage and paste 1914 1909 11 13 135 103 12 9 49 39 74 55 500 482 616,459 586,402 82,145 61,332 52,039 37,719 738,058 975,656 1,132,308 1,260,266 394,250 284,610 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909 27 34 2,754 3,086 9 20 286 303 2,459 2,763 2,671 2,337 9,146,569 8,660,626 426,503 464,000 1,666,939 1,767,682 2,549,975 2,634,723 6,518,035 6,145,903 2,968,060 3,511,180 Oil, not elsewhere specified. . 1914 1909 6 6 262 256 3 3 39 31 220 222 764 663 985,375 675,904 49,635 47,834 146,333 132,784 1,490,082 1,691,743 1,995,681 2,068,154 506,699 376,411 Faint and varnish 1914 1909 24 28 686 669 6 13 256 186 426 370 1,146 1,522 2,716,482- 1,752,160 371,607 , 244,575 258,007 213,436 2,184,164 1,706,955 4,189,603 2,904,313 2,005,439 1,197,358 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prep- arations. Photo-engraving 1914 1914 1909 20 109 106 3,235 1,553 1,356 13 70 71 976 39& 378 2,246 1,087 907 1,426 765 484 4,333,717 3,687,068 3,187,013 879,236 566,623 496,629 1,179,820 630,763 433,866 1,898,236 2.686,901 2,037,322 4,304,336 6,633,889 5,641,942 2,406,101 3,947,988 3,604,620 1914 1909 119 20 608 545 7 19 169 120 432 406 269 111 418,283 379,302 214,214 161,638 398,712 325,712 145,008 139,362 1,002,296 791,479 857,287 652,127 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 808 784 18,852 17,289 637 629 5,216 3,948 13,000 12,712 13,864 9,816 33,168,138 24,070,792 6,915,130 4,611,462 9,820,525 8,721,281 13,186,928 9,475,017 43,374,467 35,796,494 30,187,529 26,321,477 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specifled. Silk goods, including throw- sters. 1914 19 961 165 796 3,967 2,837,539 248,834 458,338 1,938,095 3,032,457 1,094,362 1914 1909 5 5 477 624 5 6 35 33 437 485 994 788 701,697 386,365 48,630 42,076 202,105 175,488 . 579,818 429,238 959,050 759,640 379,232 330,302 Slaughtering and meat pack- ing. 1914 1909 40 42 3,079 2,980 27 36 382 340 2,670 2,604 4,873 3,814 15,680,143 12,846,390 466,811 407,791 1,674,603 1,430,903 38,253,189 31,648,702 43,428,198 35,714,106 5,175,009 4,065,404 Soap 1914 1909 23 25 515 541 15 19 126 137 374 386 1,016 1,063 2,889,602 2,196,412 161,923 189,686 205,232 189,197 1,922,489 1,955,689 3,926,336 3,690,126 2,003,847 1,734,437 Stationery goods, not else- where specifled. 1914 1909 8 6 638 423 1 1 79 44 558 378 248 107 612,403 209,595 93,485 36,700 281,077 151,317 730,045 339,266 1,218,243 744,369 48^;i98 405,103 Stoves and hot-air furnaces.. . 1914 1909 4 7 646 819 2" 71 107 576 710 934 807 1,702,133 1,804,448 117,593 169,841 444,697 535,127 311,020 470, 653 1,158,899 1,607,932 847,879 1,037,279 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 149 200 3,070 2,807 156 .205 146 188 2,768 2,414 127 70 3,303,834 2,771,842 253,604 251,094 2,371,019 1,830,566 2,840,431 2,121,929 6,916,089 6,719,211 4,076,658 3,697,282 Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. 1914 .1909 11 12 1,981 1,732 1 4 102 93 1,878 1,635 5,949 6,144 6,362,068 6,279,399 224,750 149,597 962,599 725,239 3,545,788 3,946,006 5,384,993' 5,609,089 1,839,205 1,663,083 All other industries 1914 1909 924 910 38,214 38, 998 803 861 4,399 4,062 33,012 34,075 61,691 57,902 126,394,620 109,396,393 6,102,772 6^,201,111 20,920,210 18,608,770 71,121,048 66,427,144 123, 112,733 113,924,806 ■61,991,685 48,497,662 1 Excludes statistics for establishments located outside the corporate limits of Boston, to avoid disclosure of Individual operations. There were 154 more establishments in the district in 1914 than in 1909; the avera^ earners increased 3.1 per cent, the^value of manu- factured products, 13.9 per cent, and value added ^/®J^^@Q^^by^^/ClPE)S©'fi('®cturej 14 per cent. The prmcipal indus- try of the district is the manufacture of boots and MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 609 shoes, with slaughtering and ndeat packing, printiag and pubUshing, leather, tanned, curried, and finished, and foundry and machine-shop products ranking next iu the order named. Of these five leading groups, slaughtering and meat packing and printing and pub- hshing show the greatest relative gain in value of products, there being an increase over 1909 of 21.6 per cent and 21.2 per cent, respectively. Character of ownership. — Table 18 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table IS INDDSTET AND CITY. AU industries. Automobiles, iacluding bodies and parts. Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other balcery products. Canning and preserving . Carriages and wagons > and materials. Chemicals Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's Confectionery. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Fancy articles, not else- where specified. riour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas, illuminating and beating. Hosiery and knit goods. Javelry Leather goods Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Leather, tanned, cur- 1914 ried, and. finished. 1909 Lumber and timber 1914 products. 1909 Marble and stone work. 1914 I 1909 1 Includes the group classed as 82101°— 18 39 NUMBER OF ESTABUSHMENTS OWNED BY — Indi- vid- uals. 5, 6,015 5,684 Cor- pora- tions. 3,985 3,483 2,555 354 399 30 37 36 41 1,179 1,000 37 36 129 129 2 5 110 145 85 81 74 62 342 330 42 357 444 182 197 AU oth- 2,126 2,186 2,484 285 235 14 17 169 157 57 59 67 59 36 35 24 17 437 392 63 48 56 57 44 38 76 60 24 28 61 60 119 112 42 12 245 226 172 159 153 135 10 30 ,113 192 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 606,698 584,559 3,439 4,138 572 527 85,114 83,063 4,244 3,838 1, 1,791 6,697 1,903 1,449 1,348 1,— 1,395 1,358 7,645 7,335 6,076 5,813 6,787 5,548 7,614 6,319 113,559 103,914 6,485 6,747 17, 125 14,507 2,777 3,558 176 229 41,361 44, 179 6,954 7,277 3,182 10,635 9,941 6,505 7,423 1,430 1,710 10,164 10,252 8,156 8,976 3,858 5,015l 4,316 4,121 1,743 2,399! cooperative associations" in 1909. In establishments owned by— Indi- vid- uals. 44,683 55,318 55,989 206 370 109 148 10,663 553 779 179 249 3,319 3,050 211 238 633 841 1,686 2,200 1,475 1,727 490 440 352 643 390 379 260 203 299 949 55 96 3,026 3,343 598 811 254 215 Cor- pora- tions. 502,727 468,301 354,711 1,228 1,039 2,429 3,106 1,199 1,625 All oth- ers. 59,288 60,940 77,699 3,019 3,642 190 151 60,272 1 65,444 2,869 2,185 1,321 1,403 3,394 2,423 1,537 1,010 280 255 1,374 1,340 4,229 3,159 2,440 2,314 6,086 4, 4,159 6,049 111,304 106,678 5.951 6,131 16,812 14,071 2,088 1,907 54 57 36,523 38,852 5,482 5,114 3,053 2,197 9,601 8,725 3,684 3,780 756 960 7,742 7,667 214 126 273 228 15,948 16,966 822 874 120 139 1,370 1,224 155 201 435 443 2 21 1, 1,976 2,161 1,772 211 610 23,455 -201 1,903 1, 144 237 63 233 390 702 67 76 1,812 1,984 874 1,352 2 129 '95 780 1,001 1,942 2,460 348 397 1,194 1,546 1,411 1,749 916 991 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 7.4 9.5 11.5 19.1 28.1 10.5 12.8 13.0 20.3 11.1 13.9 41.1 45.5 11.1 16.4 47.0 54.6 Cor- po- ra- tions 82. 80.1 72.6 1.3 20.7 30.0 7.2 7.9 0.3 0.6 6.0 5.6 10. 31.2 41.9 2.4 2.2 13.5 15.9 22.8 20.6 12.1 10.1 29.8 34.6 31.1 32.4 All oth- ers. 10.4 15.9 87.8 88.0 33.2 28.6 70.8 66.7 67.6 56.9 81.5 78.3 42.0 36.2 80.8 69.7 20.8 16.6 55.3 43.1 40.1 54.6 95.7 98.0 97.9 91.8 90.9 97.0 75.2 53.6 30.7 88.3 87.9 78.8 70.3 95.9 96.9 90.3 87.8 66.6 50.9 52.9 56.1 76.2 74.8 52.9 45.9 46.2 47.8 6.2 3.0 47.7 43.3 18.7 20.4 19.4 22.8 7.4 7.8 16.9 18.3 8.1 13.9 32.2 28.8 1.5 23.9 26.9 35. i 3.1 9.2 45.4 3.2 1.7 1.5 2.2 3.5 0.3 1.6 14.0 19.7 38.1 33.2 4.4 4.5 12.6 18.6 4.1 4.1 7.3 10.1 29.9 33.1 24.3 23.2 11.7 15.1 17.3 19.5 23.7 19.8 $1,641,373,047 1,490,529,386 1,124,092,061 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Total. $117,430,275 137,804,436 127,500,985 11,198,790 11,369,224 3,841,477 3,713,071 266,188,013 236,342,915 7,084,975 5,767,611 6,042,216 33,309,061 26,146,044 8,169,014 6,840,306 2,821,874 3,184,835 6,684,918 6,916,451 19,613,767 18,313,783 13,982,687 11,727,""" 20,130,823 15,266,463 23,280,246 15,979,115 197,322,111 186,462,313 12,974.022 11,610,749 43,869,294 28,142,889 5,341,576 6,618,241 3,811,377 4,632,145 85,638,612 86,926,671 14,281,067 13,867,648 16,751,637 11,074,354 17,419,077 14,736,025 14,176,857 16,210,738 4,022,635 4,373,266 46,265,434 40,002,079 23,012,033 23,025,837 6,734,313 7,804,387 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. 657,088 1,044,768 705,194 1,030,121 27,290,767 30,483,211 842,799 1,116,431 493,440 596,914 13,663,609 12,611,605 803,401 989,761 1,326,753 1,618,801 3 146,992 2,866,384 2,970,248 3,391,138 3, 756, 580 1,625,067 1,295,070 688, 173 1, 181, 169 661,783 628,895 793,483 464,517 653,695 1,583,490 632, 707 1,191,437 6,088,172 6,885,091 1, 130, 161 1,436,221 582,786 474,926 1,699,658 2,372,099 943,480 968,749 2,428,279 2,413,413 5,543,011 6,908,798 2,391,884 2,954,181 Corpora- tions. ' Includes the group "individuals." 9,942,047 9,967,729 1,447,541 1,129,382 174,367,111 '150,498,188 4,019,326 3,280,149 5, 102, 825 6,003,966 14,158,909 8,629,547 6, 702, 116 4,750,859 570,307 619,487 6,624,736 5,769,— 12,863,199 8,921,786 5,386,178 4,331,088 17,896,632 12,957,784 16,498,051 16, 534, 161 192,909,028 182,969,980 12,091,163 10,403,061 42,937,503 27,236,700 4,173,016 3,705,607 1,383,053 1,697,489 76,828,890 75,877,676 11,347,640 9,934,611 16,365,909 10,777,974 14,312,311 11,712,076 8, 737, 846 7,637,218 2, 104, 746 2,325,448 38,741,662 33,017,662 13,112,060 11,913,223 2,399,633 3,127,141 3 Includes the All others. J174,131,395 169,789,298 186,048,064 599,665 346,727 1,688,742 1,563,568 53,530,145 55,361,516 2,222,851 1,361,031 362,698 442,336 5,486,533 4,904,892 ' 663,497 924,814 1,046,547 2 160, 183 3,885,184 6,421,749 6,206,271 3,640,312 610, 124 1,013,599 2 7,782,195 273,280 3,724,910 2,321,164 231,076 578, 793 138,308 441,672 514,866 1,329,144 1,796,617 1,743,219 3,721,560 4,162,904 1,803,256 2,496,716 2 395, 728 2 296,380 2,623,980 2,549,024 3,738,353 5,201,421 974,409 1,079,069 4,095,493 4,571,004 4,356,962 4,203,825 1,942,796 1,723,066 group "all Per cent of total. Indi- vid uals. 7.2 9.2 11.3 5.9 9.2 18.4 27.8 10.7 12.9 11.9 19.4 8.3 9.9 41.0 48.2 _9.8 14.5 47.0 50.8 2.5 14.6 16.2 24.3 32.0 1.1 0.3 0.6 5.0 6.4 1.8 1.7 12.2 23.9 16.6 25.7 7.1 7.9 7.9 10.4 3.3 3.2 12.0 15.6 23.5 22.2 5.4 6.0 24.1 30.0 35.5 37.9 others.' Cor- po- ra- tions 82.2 79.4 72.1 87.8 37.7 30.4 63.7 56.7 57.0 85.6 82.8 42.5 33.0 20.2 16.3 97.6 97.5 65.6 48.7 38.5 36.9 88.9 84.9 66.6 97.2 97.8 98.1 93.2 89.6 97.9 78.1 66.0 36.3 36.7 88.5 87.3 79.5 71.6 97.5 97.3 82.2 79.5 61.6 50.2 52.3 53.2 85.6 82.5 57.0 61.7 36.6 40.1 All oth- ers. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 610 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 18— Continued. INDUBTRT AND CITY. Musical instruments, pi- anos and organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp. . Paper goods, not else- where speoified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publish- ing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures. . Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. Total for cities Adams Amesbttbt Ablington Attleboko Bkvebly Boston Beockton Brookline Cambridge Chelsea Chicopee, Clinton Dedham Everett Fall River FiTCMBURG Framingham Gardner Gt-oucester Greenfield Haveeetll HOLTOKE Lawrence Leominster Lowell Lynn Malden Marlborough Medford Melrose Methtien MiLFOBD Natick New Bedford Newbueyport Newton North Adams . . i North Attleborough Northampton Peabody PlTTSFIELD Plymouth QUINCY Beveee Sai^m somebville southbkidge Springfield Taunton Wakefield Waltham Watebtown Webster Westfield West Springfield Weymouth Winchester WiNTHROP Woburn Worcester Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 number of establishments OWNED BY — Indi- vid- uals. 722 739 269 325 17 126 4,818 20 26 10 54 38 1,537 128 61 31 181 66 14 31 36 21 212 104 135 31 169 199 46 17 33 11 18 124 25 32 33 25 40 35 42 19 91 22 96 70 19 189 45 6 50 10 9 51 15 29 272 Cor- pora- 425 318 129 130 3,342 10 20 6 54 14 1,073 92 6 146 41 26 12 4 42 92 53 27 26 29 23 72 S8 56 44 91 116 32 18 17 11 64 11 137 56 12 11 10 1 21 225 All oth- ers. 197 222 1,765 5 13 3 43 16 528 62 7 42 21 1 2 12 42 19 8 7 22 6 114 30 30 14 40 114 14 8 4 4 3 13 10 ,38 10 7 15 22 11 10 13 3 66 2 36 20 5 69 14 4 10 4 2 22 6 7 109 AVEBAQE NUMBEB OF WAGE EABNEB8. Total. 3,906 4,245 13,401 12,848 5,i 5,135 1,381 1,183 18,170 17,532 3,682 3,326 3,926 3,651 54,256 53,873 508,647 3,930 1,461 246 6,068 4,641 78,894 16,246 335 16,749 6,241 8,426 4,064 256 3,226 36,834 8,837 3,982 3,964 2,814 1,602 13,281 17,493 31,043 4,939 29, 904 25,339 2,850 3,822 659 962 1,940 1,749 1,347 33,343 3,349 2,1.54 5,288 2,250 3,446 5,486 7,490 2,846 5,783 80 5,294 5,429 4,332 14, 240 7,371 2, 6,465 4,787 3,246 3.584 2,209 2,074 1,048 16 1,665 29, 452 In establishments owned by— Indi- vid- uals. 190 476 76 786 142 144 3,474 4,039 242 238 880 1,243 1,606 ■2,262 36,334 47 173 29 533 611 10,276 780 54 1,008 264 112 37 23 164 661 863 36 366 229 131 2,973 470 810 378 1,109 3, 798 238 46 78 27 136 229 509 644 167 166 269 164 126 40 670 30 793 494 51 ,229 477 25 303 249 24 90 79 14 340 2,067 Cor- pora- tions. 3,378 3,564 11,910 11,000 5,707 4,973 1,163 982 12,417 10,877 3,224 2,970 2,217 1,661 48,749 46, 801 3,817 1,044 179 4,108 3,660 59,222 13,610 230 14, 432 6,148 8,254 4,024 227 2,616 35,753 7,442 3, 3,376 2,263 1,424 6,003 16, 658 29, 003 4, 28,241 17,047 2, K2 3,758 403 767 1,904 1,636 290 32,486 2,276 1,630 4,705 1,261 2,731 4,647 6,704 2,""' 4,544 60 2, 4,560 4,209 11,243 6,717 1,398 6,014 4,T73 3,031 3,013 2,173 1,579 969 2 1,002 24,195 All oth- ers. 338 206 1,416 1,062 42 83 76 57 2,279 2,616 116 117 4,000 4,810 44,128 66 234 38 1,417 470 9,397 1,956 61 1,309 3 6 466 430 542 137 23! 32: 47 4,306 466 1,230 453 664 4,494 160 19 78 169 9 781 828 348, 629 357, 417, 720, 5511 154 661 21 569 Indi- vid- uals. 1,509 375 72 1,768 177 585 148 5 176 322 12 405 223 3,190 Per cent of total. Cor- po- rar tions 4.9 11.2 0.6 6.1 10.3 12.2 19.1 23.0 6.8 7.2 22.4 35.0 2.8 4.2 7.1 1.2 11.9 11.8 8.8 13.2 13.0 4.8 16.1 6.0 4.2 1, 0.9 9.0 4.7 1.8 9.7 0.9 9.0 8.1 8.2 22.3 2.7 2.6 7.7 3.7 15.0 8.4 1.2 14.0 1.4 7. 17.1 1.5 16.2 7.7 3.1 12.0 4. 12.5 1.7 1.4 11.6 37.5 15.0 9.0 1.2 8.6 6.6 1.3 4.7 0.2 1.2 6.9 1.1 4.3 7.6 87.6 21.7 7.0 84.2 97.1 72.0 72.8 67.8 76.7 7,5.1 11.9 83.2 12.0 68.7 1.5.2 S6.2 7.8 82.5 13.3 98.0 99.0 88.7 81.2 97.0 84.2 96.7 86.2 80. 88.9 46.2 94.6 93. 83.1 94.4 67. 86.0 98.3 72.0 79.7 98.1 87.8 21.5 97.6 68.0 76.8 89.0 56.0 79.2 84.7 89.5 97.9 78.6 62.5 56.5 84.0 97.2 79.0 91, 69.6 93.0 99.7 93.4 84.1 98.4 76.1 92.5 12.5 64.0 82.2 All oth- ers. 8.7 4.9 10.6 8.3 0.7 1.6 5.6 4.8 12.6 14.9 3.2 3.5 21.1 18.2 7.4 8.9 8.7 1.7 16.1 16.4 23.4 10.1 0.7 0.1 2.3 14.1 1.2 6.1 3.4 5.8 11.5 2.9 32.5 2.7 4.0 9.2 1.9 17.7 6.6 0.5 14.0 16.5 0.5 4.4 61.4 1.0 15.8 16.5 -7.9 32.0 16.0 2.8 0.7 9.8 '28.'5 7.0 1.6 12.4 2.4 29.1 2.3 0.1 5.4 9.0 0.5 19.6 14.3 10.8 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Total. 18,213,341 9,106,470 43,3.52,545 40,096,713 15,579,059 13,532,976 8,262,960 7,431,764 56,195,811 47,445,006 54,446,687 44,402,972 9,269,400 7,888,162 130,348,514 141,966,882 1,395,620,001 6,630,232 3,661,434 641,092 13,946,884 8,774,187 284,802,479 61,269,131 658,602 57,483,949 16,971,028 28, 869, 152 6,736,297 427, 690 13,219,200 64,663,146 23,983,352 8,726,574 7,449,987 8,533,964 3,527,101 42,409,246 44, 041, 1.55 73, 177, 803 10, 838, 024 56, 048, 641 69, 783, 418 8,366,344 9,983,632 2,618,893 2, 499, 029 4,461,111 4, 028, 492 4,565,253: 65,575,0051 8,245,938 5, 822, 853 10,922,575 4, 867, 725 8,680,730' 18,441,906 22,241,237 13,904,546 12,097,452 349,696 13,652,586 43,971,291 7,366,430 44,428,854 15, 885, 812, 6,057,659 10, 236, 912 14, 764, 326 9,233,919 8,420,439 6,039,963 8,251,041 6,159,479 77,894 5,517,806 82,829,366 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. $418, 137 1,080,176 197,561 2,955,881 119,642 110,326 841,101 960,976 6,990,197 7,731,293 2,292,794 1,948,761 2,130,860 2,695,735 2,867,826 15,822,008 98,451,991 180,396 419, 759 91, 465 1,008,207 i,633,r~- 27,547,022 2, 656, 163 104, 942 2,984,029 870,636 .311,935 136, 124 66,320 496,473 2,083,470 1,763,213 116, 397 737, 089 657, 191 226, 590 9,741,440 1,057,481 2, 008, 687 778,685 2,625,323 11, 071, 369 656,931 124,973 , 229, 010 72,227 77,932 368, 034 1,164,967 1,607,963 1,213,138 548, 958 367,666 606, 771 466, 529 1,319,131 462,361 158,476 1,369,516 144,242 1,907,717 1,524,500 136,689 3,518,093 1,106,856 60,262 615,646 27, 460 83,307 1,359,590 91, 795 171,264 201,804 50, 931 797,652 4, 809, 102 Corpora- tions. $e, 872, 022 7,743,739 37,595,471 34,031,770 15,325,315 13,163,465 7,149,404 6,120,649 43,085,864 33,313,993 50,697,928 40,549,312 5,439,407 3,835,876 117,937,868 124,259,729 1,159,242,466 6,098,136 2,457,156 448,648 9, 703, 406 6,044,606 222,159,459 41,620,693 439 939 50,030,803 13,932,184 28,465,373 6,591,273 361,359 11,423,356 61,687,780 19, 242, 763 8,171,676 6,327,244 6,997,958 2,963,334 17,979,562 41,413,664 67,589,014 9, 195, 460 52,285,160 42,585,156 7,358,072 9, 755, 694 2,246,980 1,919,386 4,345,889 3,438,320 985,664 62,341,420 5,846,: 4,478,654 9,400,346 2,945,066 6,282,244 16, 616, 104 20,309.994 13,671,605 9,324,110 202,616 41,637,497 7,049,211 36,622,986 14,358,483 4,198,384 9,195,339 14,698,319 8,845,967 6,303,744 4,896,418 6,924,194 4,957,675 27,063 3,990,872 69,615,866 All others. $923,182 282,555 5,659,513 3,109,062 134,102 269,186 272,465 360,239 6,119,750 6,399,720 1,55.5,965 1,904,899 1,699,133 1,356,651 9,642,820 11,885,145 137,825,644 251,700 674,519 100,979 3,235,272 1,096,279 35,095,998 7,082,285 113,621 4, 469, 117 2,168,308 91, 844 7,900 10,011 1,300,372 2,977,386 439,502 3&5,664 878,815 337, 177 14,688,244 1,570,010 3,680,102 863,979 1,238,168 16, 126, 893 361,341 102,966 142,903 607,416 37,290 232, 138 2,415,632 1,626,622 1,186,564 795,241 1,164,663 1,416,888 1,831,957 606,671 1,478,882 74,464 1,403,826 2,839 3,408,009 809,294 180,530 4,387^775 420,473 1,809,013 425,927 38,547 304,645 757, 105 51,740 1,156,583 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- po- ra- tions .5.1 11.9 0.5 7.4 0.8 0.8 10.2 12.9 12.4 16.3 4.2 4.4 23.0 34.2 2.2 4.1 7.1 729,282 8,404,398' 2.8 11.8 14.3 7.2 18.6 9.7 5.0 16.0 5.2 5.1 1.1 2.0 13.2 3.8 3.2 7.4 1.3 9.9 7.7 6.4 23.0 2.4 2.7 7.2 4.5 15.9 7.9 1.3 8.7 2.9 1, 8.9 25.5 2.4 14.7 9.4 3.4 10.4 5.4 7.2 2.0 1.2 11.3 41.3 14.0 3.5 1.9 r.9 7.0 0.8 6.0 0.2 0.9 16.1 84. 97. 58. 83.1 All oth- 1.8 97.2 2.1 3.9 66.3 14.6 5.8 93.3 1.2 70.0 .6 68.9 78.0 81.2 66.8 87.0 !.l 98.6 97.9 84.6 4 95.4 80.2 93.7 84.9 82.0 84.0 42.4 94.0 92.4 84.8 93.3 61.0 87.9 97.7 86.8 76.8 97.4 85.3 21.6 95.1 70.9 76.9 86.0 60.5 73.2 90.1 91.3 6.7 0.5 77.1 11.6 57. 9 0. 8 61.0 26.0 94.7 95.7 82.2 90.4 89.8 99.5 95.8 74.9 83.9 96.1 34.7 72.3 84.1 Digiti^\^'bTMtC7^^ft® MANUFACTURED— MASSACHUSETTS. 611 For all industries combined there was a considerable increase during the decade in the number of estab- lishments tinder corporate ownership. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments is shown for those under individual ownership, but in value of products and number of wage earners those owned by corpora- tions greatly predominate. For 1914, with but 33.2 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, the corporations reported 82.2 per cent of the total value of products and 82.8 per cent of the aver- age number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions are somewhat less. There were only three industries in 1914, among those men- tioned in this table, where the establishments under other forms of ownership exceeded the corporations in value of products and average number of wage earners, namely, blacking and cleansing and pohsh- ing preparations, carriages and wagons and materials, and flour-mill and gristmUl products. In the cities, taken as a group, slightly over one-third of the num- ber of estabhshments were reported as under corpo- rate ownership, while over four-fifths of the total number of wage earners and value of products were reported from this class of estabhshments. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 19. Table 19 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12,013 11,684 10,723 606,698 584,559 488,399 $1,641,373,047 $1,490,529,386 $1,124,092,051 $709,989,264 $659,764,443 $497,681,620 Less than S5,000 2,885 3,903 2,926 1,959 . 340 2,760 3,826 2,932 1,873 293 2,633 3,594 2,673 1,632 191 3,158 18,044 56,378 229,604 299,614 3,508 19,912 61,041 222,890 277,208 3,834 20,267 60,075 215,531 188,702 7,434,672 40,782,361 134,938,198 616,269,020 841,948,896 7,162,781 40,731,897 136,992,841 585,830,505 719,811,362 6,898,333 37,326,610 120,969,162 500,755,535 458,142,511 4,860,002 23,879,757 70,427,005 270,904,073 339,918,417 4,767,415 24,009,431 73,120,246 261,601,513 296,365,838 4,517,346 22,109,869 63,768,232 218,741,293 188,554,880 15,000 to S20,000 120,000 to $100,000 1100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEK CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 24.0 23.6 32.6 32.7 24. 4 2.5. 1 24.6 33.5 24.9 15.2 1.8 0.6 3.0 9.3 37.8 49.4 0.6 3.4 10.4 38.1 47.4 0.8 4.1 12.3 44.1 38.6 0.6 2.6 8.2 37.5 51.3 0.5 2.7 9.2 39.3 48.3 0.6 3.3 10.8 44.6 40.8 0.7 3.3 10.0 38.1 47.9 0.7 3.6 11.1 39.6 44.9 0.9 $3,000 to $20,000 4^4 J20,000 to $100,000 12.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over -16.3 2.8 16.0 2.5 44.0 37.9 For 1914, 2,299 establishments, or 19.1 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 2,166, or 18.5 per cent of the total, for 1909 and 1,823, or 17 per cent, for 1904. For 1914 these estabhshments reported 87.2 per cent of the total number of wage earners for the state, 88.8 per cent of the total value of products, and 86 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estab- hshments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — ^representing 24 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only five-tenths of 1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and value of products and seven-tenths of 1 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. For the estab- lishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase at each successive census. Table 20 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 35 of the more important industries, a classification of establish- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, si5nilar to that presented in Table 19 for all industries combined. Table 20 INDUSTRY aVd VALUE OF PRODUCT. Automobiles, including bodies and parts Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 1. Blacking and cleansing and poushino preparations Less than $5, 000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over I. NUMBER OP ESTAB- LISHMENTS. 1914 1909 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 13.6 19.7 44.0 22.7 100.0 33.3 22.6 39.8 4.3 10O.0 9.7 12.9 43.5 33.9 100.0 28.8 25.0 38.8 7.5 average NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS. 1914 3,439 16 70 626 2,727 572 16 36 250 270 1909 4,138 100.0 3 39 533 3,563 527 23 32 185 287 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 0.5 2.0 18.2 79.3 100.0 2.8 6.3 43.7 47.2 100.0 0.1 0.9 12.9 86.1 100.0 4.4 6.1 35.1 54.5 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $11,198,790 26,740 147,158 1,500,855 9,524,037 3,841,477 65,797 223, 711 1,980,488 1,571,481 1909 $11,359,224 11,860 78,006 1,364,483 9,904,885 3,713,071 Digitf^eef^yMemsQft® 68,576 191,724 1,521,355 1,931,416 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 1.3 13.4 85.1 100.0 1.7 5.8 61.6 40.9 100.0 0.1 0.7 12.0 87.2 100.0 1.8 5.2 41.0 52.0 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $6,656,368 18,006 101,916 936, 821 4,499,615 1,758,207 36,645 117,537 965, 675 638,450 1909 $5,867,746 100.0 7,720 51,204 802,975 5,005,847 1,833,630 42,768 116,757 772, 163 902,942 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 190« a3 1.8 16.9 81.0 100.0 2.1 6.7 54.9 36.3 100.0 0.1 0.9 13.7 85.3 100.0 2.3 6.3 42.1 49.2 612 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 20— Continued. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. . . Less than $5,000. $5,000 to 820,000. . 320,000 to MOO.OOO. SIOO.OOO to 11,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Boxes, fancy and pafee. Less than 85,000 85,000'to 820,000 820,000 to 8100,000..-. 8100,000 to 81,000,000. Brass, bronze, and copper products Less than 85,000. . . SS,000to 820,000.... 820,000 to 8100,000. . 8100,000 and over I. Bread and other bakery products Less than 85,000. . . 85,000 to $20,000.... 820,000 to 8100,000. $100,000 and over 1. Canning and preserving. . Less than $5,000... $5,000 to 820,000 820,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over". Carriages and wagons and materials Less than $5,000 $5,000 to 820,000 $20,000 to 8100,000.... $100,000 to 81,000,000. Chemicals. Less than 85,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 8100,000.... $100,000 to 81,000,000 - $1,000,000 and over... Clothing, men's, including shiets Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Clothing, women's. Less than 85,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Confectionery . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to 820,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Less than 85,000 $5,000 to 820,000 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Less than $20,000=... $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... number of estab- lishments. 1914 104 172 237 301 70 97 6 23 49 120 73 1,419 328 868 189 34 65 9^ 21 18 17 175 "61 73 38 3 24 1909 860 74 195 248 279 64 99 85 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 11.8 19.5 34.0 7.9 100.0 5.2 23.7 50.5 20.6 100.0 1,201 219 764 187 31 38 82 66 37 4 202 20 177 ~44 90 40 24 254 61 91 66 136 10 35 95 34 117 182 17.8 45.2 27.4 9.6 100.0 23.1 61.2 13.3 2.4 100.0 100.0 22.7 32.4 7.4 100.0 3.0 26.3 65.8 15.2 100.0 21.2 32.9 38.8 7.1 100.0 18.2 63.6 15.6 2.6 100.0 AVERAGE number OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 85, 114 195 1,084 4,747 34, 696 44,392 4,244 16 284 1,621 2,323 1,820 1909 83,063 115 1,607 5,243 36,269 39,929 3,838 342 1,874 1,613 1,791 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 1.3 5.8 40.8 62.1 100.0 15 164 1,171 13.8 32.3 27.7 26.2 100.0 34.9 41.7 21.7 1.7 100.0 16.7 29.2 25.0 12.5 16.7 100.0 16.7 36.1 29.1 16.3 1.8 100.0 4.5 66.4 18.8 100.0 20.3 33.8 24.3 18.2 3.4 100.0 30.0 50.0 20.0 100.0 2.1 13.8 45.5 38.8 22.6 29.6 21.1 100.0 24.9 50.8 22.6 1.7 100.0 20.8 20.8 29.2 16.7 12.5 100.0 24.0 35.8 26.0 14.2 100.0 5.7 20.1 54.6 19.5 100.0 14.5 32.6 29.1 21.4 2.6 100.0 13.8 10.3 31.0 34.5 10:3 100.0 12.6 43.4 37.4 202 2,173 1,887 3,821 1,903 11 75 222 1,595 1,348 67 363 732 188 1,395 5 20 47 179 ,144 7,645 140 1,007 1,617 3,023 1,858 6,076 26 304 2,620 3,226 6,787 29 191 513 3,126 2,928 7,614 1,891 5,861 113,559 13 1,110 24,603 87,833 15 152 669 1,055 6,697 158 1,932 1,688 2,919 1,449 17 234 1,118 1,539 57 514 778 190 1,368 196 1,055 7,335 263 1,334 1,890 3,848 5,813 322 2,499 2,964 6,548 14 161 615 3,120 1,738 6,319 9 188 2,074 4,042 108,914 93 755 22,367 86,699 0.4 6.7 38.2 64.7 100.0 100.0 0.1 1.8 6.3 43.7 48.1 100.0 0.2 42.0 0.9 9.5 17.3 72.3 100.0 2.5 26.9 23.3 47.3 100.0 0.8 11.7 83.8 100.0 6.0 26.9 64.3 13.8 100.0 0.4 1.4 3.4 12.8 82.0 100.0 1.8 13.2 21.1 39.6 24.3 100.0 0.4 5.0 41.5 5-3.1 100.0 0.4 2.8 7.6 46.1 43.1 100.0 0.8 24.8 74.3 100.0 (') 1.0 21.8 77.4 31.8 68.9 100.0 2.4 26.2 43.6 100.0 1.2 5.5 16.1 77.2 100.0 3.7 33.4 60.8 12.3 100.0 0.4 1.0 6.5 14.4 77.7 100.0 3.6 18.2 26.8 52.5 100.0 0.6 6.6 43.0 61.0 100.0 0.3 2.9 9.3 66.2 31.3 100.0 0.1 0.1 3.0 32.8 64.0 100.0 0.1 0.7 20.6 78.7 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $255,188,013 8236,342,915 280,419 1,848,676 11,860,374 110, 692, 078 130,808,567 7,084,975 14,772 296, 943 2,339,454 4,433,806 6, 968, 883 1909 216,018 2,198,375 12, 164, 998 104, 620, 992 117,155,532 5,757,611 37,484 400,940 828,428 4,692,011 33,309,061 1,038,868 8, 710, 072 7,242,027 16,320,084 8,189,014 20,858 211, 167 1,048,072 6,888,919 2,821,874 169,219 733,882 1,481,660 437,143 6,684,918 10,027 107,006 396,347 948,683 5,223,855 19,613,767 114, 123 949,839 2,986,514 10, 301, 629 5,261,662 13,982,587 23,994 483,089 6,746,252 7,729,252 20,130,823 85,090 524,198 1,509,840 8,176,606 9,836,192 23; 280, 248 100,333 3,856,340 19,323,673 197,322,111 31,865 1,889,007 40,678,663 164,722,586 4,800 328,810 2,897,895 2,726,106 6,042,216 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 0.7 4.7 43.3 51.2 100. 46,416 343,949 1,430,282 4,221,569 28,146,044 706,602 7,848,841 8,661,861 10,928,750 6,840,306 39,252 233,243 895,318 5,672,495 3,184,835 5,916,451 14, 559 48,917 338,935 1,547,703 3,966,337 18, 318; 783 195, 111 1,001,078 2,787,365 14,330,229 11,727,! 33,269 422,396 5,041,761 6,230,564 15,268,463 55,379 429,881 1,392,826 7,713,840 5,674,527 15,979,115 11,630 31,384 456,685 4,258,703 11,222,813 188,462,313 132, 651 1,252,642 37,098,054 147,978,968 0.2 33.0 62.6 100.0 100.0 0.1 0.9 5.1 44.3 49.6 100.0 0.6 6.7 13.9 78.7 100.0 3.1 26.2 21.7 49.0 100.0 0.3 2.6 12.8 84.3 100.0 sTo 26.0 52.5 15.5 100.0 0.1 1.8 6.9 14.2 78.1 100.0 0.6 4.8 15. t 52.5 28.9 100.0 0.2 3.5 41.1 56.3 100.0 0.4 2.6 7.5 40.6 4% 9 100.0 0.4 16.6 83.0 100.0 0.1 1.0 20.6 7&4 0.1 5.7 46.9 47.3 100.0 0.8 6.7 23.7 100.0 2.7 30.0 25.5 41.8 100.0 0.6 3.4 13.1 82.9 100.0 "IT 30.0 51.9 13.9 100.0 0.2 0.8 5.7 26.2 67.0 100.0 1.1 5.5 15.2 78.2 100.0 0.3 3.8 43.0 53.1 iOO.0 0.4 2.8 9.1 60.5 37.2 100.0 0.1 0.2 2.8 26.6 70.2 100.0 0.1 0.7 19.9 79.4 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $90,946,177 176,034 933,620 4,269,761 37,867,340 47,709,422 3, 413, 102 10,447 179,519 1,220,631 2,002,605 2,244,087 1909 883,352,983 24,357 205, 109 374,902 15,037,903 466,768 3,698,822 2, 894, 831 7,977,4§2 2,563,273 8,625 102, 188 393,876 2,068,584 1,682,217 117,895 485,087 858,233 221,002 3,330,297 8,595 31,382 236,406 364,077 2,890,837 9,198,642 99,035 746,531 1,563,085 4,361,454 2,428,537 6,318,362 16,524 242,935 2,564,206 3,495,697 7,843,553 38,575 245,562 663,329 3,043,462 3,852,635 5,931,971 37,281 1,247,312 4,847,378 77,487,777 1 Includes the group "81,000,000 and over." 2 Includes the group "less than 85,000," and the group "$20,000 to 8100,000.' 8,910 802,360 15,165,565 61,510,952 121,427 1,232,688 6,128,734 36,792,782 40,077,332 3,038,164 3,227 205, 189 466,204 364,544 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 2,379,206 28,178 178,354 732,093 1,440,581 10,418,611 304,774 3,204,356 2,604,415 4,305,066 2,257,409 18,976 100,019 264,806 1,873,809 1,903,054 93,031 634,935 926,537 249,651 2,888,199 3.0 24.8 19.3 53.1 100.0 03 4.0 15.4 100.0 tTo 28.8 61.0 13.1 100.0 6,181 22,605 97,883 579, 138 2,163,492 8,558,132 168, 135 828,782 1,625,878 6,035,339 5,216,648 22,648 242,334 2,222,559 2,729,107 6,077,935 31,817 212,487 583,621 3,038,636 2,211,374 5,298,564 5,542 6,746 163,109 1,642,161 3,481,006 81,305,519 63,663 520,586 15,368,391 65,352 879 0.2 1.0 4.7 41.6 52.5 100.0 0.3 5.3 36.8 58.7 100.0 100.0 1.1 9.1 16.7 73.1 100.0 0.3 0.9 7.1 10.9 100.0 1.1 8.1 17.0 47.4 26.4 100.0 40.6 55.3 100.0 0.5 3.1 8.5 38.8 49.1 100.0 0.6 21.0 78.3 100.0 W 1.0 19.6 79.4 0.1 1.5 6.2 44.1 48.1 100.0 0.1 6.8 48.2 44.9 100.0 1.2 7.5 60.5 100.0 2.9 30.8 25.0 41.3 100-0 "oi 4.4 11.7 83.0 100.0 To 33.4 48.6 13.1 100.0 0.2 0.8 3.4 20.2 75.4 100.0 2,0 9.7 17.8 70.5 100.0 0.4 46 42.6 52.3 100.0 0.5 3.5 50.0 36.4 100.0 0.1 0.1 3.1 31.0 65.7 100.0 0.1 0.6 18.9 8a4 a Includes the group "less than $5,000." I Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 613 Table 30— Continued. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. CUILEET AND TOOLS, NOT ELSEWHERE SPECIFIED LesstbanS5,000... 15,000 to 120,000.... t20,000totl00,00a. 1100,000 and over ». Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, AND SUPPUES Less than $5,000 $5,000 to 120,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Fancy articles, not else- where SPECIFIED Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Foundry and machine-shop products '... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Furniture and refrigera- tors Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. NUMBER OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. 1914 91 67 105 932 174 306 287 166 145. Gas, ILLUMINATING and heatinq Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. Hosiery and knit goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Jewelry. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. Leatser goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Leather, tanned, curried, AND iraiSHED Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to$l-,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Marble and stone work... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. 1900 135 ~U 43 35 23 83 100.0 32.8 27.7 22.6 16. S 100.0 120 867 152 255 287 149 14 155 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 22.0 33.0 29.7 5.5 100.0 14.9 22.4 100.0 10.5 56.2 23.8 9.5 18.7 32.8 16.7 1.0 100.0 30 14 9 24 27 3 202 32 46 81 143 126 5 18 45 45 13 589 189 189 155 56 306 134 83 11 175 132 19 45 52 7 708 231 243 176 58 77 149 11 11. 26.5 41.4 22.1 100.0 100.0 25.2 31.9 25.9 17.0 100.0 6.0 22.9 37.3 30.1 3.6 100.0 11.5 15.4 39.7 33.3 100.0 6.7 56.7 29.2 7.5 100.0 17.7 29.8 33.5 17.4 1.6 100.0 8.2 11.5 34.4 100.0 18.2 11.7 31.2 35.1 3.9 100.0 15.8 22.8 40.1 21.3 100.0 27.7 36.1 26.9 9.2 100.0 4jO 14.3 35.7 35.7 10.3 100.0 32.1 32.1 26.3 9.5 100.0 25.5 43.8 27.1 3.6 14.2 23.9 42.6 19.4 100.0 18.8 14.1 35.9 31.3 100.0 18.5 9.2 36.9 30.8 4.6 100.0 11.4 20.0 36.0 32.6 100.0 20.2 42.9 29.4 7.6 100.0 14.4 34.1 39.4 5.3 100.0 32.6 34.3 24.9 8.2 100.0 23,3 45.2 28.2 1 Includes the group "$l,l AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 6,485 263 890 5,263 17, 125 102 696 3,393 12,925 2,777 18 96 869 1,794 41,361 1909 6,747 42 ,292 1,141 5,272 14,607 13 97 917 3,292 10,188 3,568 12 86 828 2,632 229 44,179 241 1,660 6,697 20,067 12,706 6,954 192 1,333 5,401 3,182 7 17 398 2,760 10,635 7 52 586 4,253 6,737 6,505 36 278 2,201 3,990 1,430 178 483 731 10,164 149 1,060 3,094 5,847 8,156 295 1,006 2,656 4,199 3,858 82 685 1,709 8s: 216 1,601 7,297 16,764 18,401 7,277 37 199 1,632 5,409 2,292 11 44 282 1,955 9,941 11 64 672 3,310 5,884 7,423 26 219 1,806 6,372 1,710 42 265 601 812 10,252 164 1,251 4,226 .4,591 8,976 384 1,467 3,328 3,797 5,015 1 oveK' 102 948 2,405 l,f60 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 LI 4.1 13.7 81.1 100.0 0.1 0.6 4.1 19.8 75.5 100.0 0.6 3.5 31.3 64.6 100. 0.6 4.0 16.2 48.5 30.7 100.0 0.4 2.8 19.2 77.7 100.0 0.2 0.5 12.5 86.7 100.0 0.1 0.5 6.5 40.0 53.9 100.0 0.6 4.3 33.8 61.3 100.0 2.7 12.4 33.8 51.1 100.0 0.1 1.5 10.4 30.4 67.5 100.0 3.6 12.3 32. S 51.5 100.0 2.1 17.8 44.3 r5.8 100.0 0.6 4.3 16.9 78.1 100.0 0.1 0.7 6.3 22.7 70.2 100.0 0.3 2.4 23.3 74.0 100.0 1.3 36.2 31.4 31.0 100.0 0.5 3.4 16.6 37.9 41.6 100.0 0.5 2.7 22.4 74.3 100.0 0.5 1.9 12.3 85.3 100.0 0.1 0.6 6.8 33.3 59.2 100.0 0.4 3.0 24.3 72.4 100.0 2.6 14.9 36.1 47.5 100.0 0.2 L6 12.2 41.2 44.8 100.0 4.3 16.3 37.1 42.3 100.0 2.0 18.9 48..0 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $12,974,022 125,059 443,636 1,399,643 11,006,684 43,869,294 25,799 211,311 1,664,018 7,873,186 34,194,980 5,341,576 26,922 147,893 1,631,916 3,634,845 3,811,377 30, 573 631,964 896, 742 2,262,098 85,638,612 483, 610 3,273,209 13, 631, 139 44,416,993 23,934,661 14,281,057 46, 103 385,932 2,848,366 11,000,656 15,751,637 11,959 67, 410 1,668,691 14,103,577 17,419,077 21, 691 113,737 1,403,346 8,685,183 7,295,120 14,175,857 92,713 504,624 4,098,979 9,479,641 4,022,635 98,751 459,293 1,211,435 2,255,156 46,265,434 14, 425 . 183, 186 2,090,157 12, 749, 534 30,228,132 23,012,033 471,018 1,951,890 7,031,463 13,557,662 6,734,313 227, 961 1,315,516 3, 254, If- 1909 $11, 610, 749 93,364 436,806 1,737,694 9,343,885 28,142,8 8,921 236,813 1,692,854 6,896,291 19,308,010 6,618,241 100.0 100.0 18,443 145, 516 1,315,725 5, 138, 567 4,632,145 25, 218 823, 987 1, 469, 984 2,312,956 86,925,671 0.5 2.8 28.7 68.0 100.0 0.8 16.6 23.5 59.1 100.0 406,446 2,799,023 14,149,812 36,784,419 32,786,971 13,867,548 0.6 3.8 16.8 51.9 27.9 100.0 64,989 418,432 3,056,414 10,327,713 11,074,354 31, 840 122,218 1,098,961 9,821,335 14,736,025 23,506 72,399 1,391,835 6,029,313 7,218,972 15,210,738 53,312 389, 166 3, 542, 137 11,226,123 4,373,266 68,381 683, 165 1,549,330 2,172,400 40,002,079 22,640 216,426 2,135,768 19,349,210 18,278,035 23,025,837 676,547 2,585,747 8,285,588 11,577,965 7,804,387 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 0.5 3.2 16.3 42.3 37.7 100.0 0.3 2.7 19.9 77.0 100.0 0.1 0.4 10.0 89.5 100.0 0.1 0.7 8.1 49.3 41.9 100.0 0.7 3.6 28.9 100.0 2.4 11.4 30.1 66.1 100.0 m 0.4 4.6 28,2 66.8 100.0 2.0 8.5 30.6 58.9 100.0 226, 073 1,699,535 ©3,981,670 1,997,109 ' Less than one-tenth ot 1 per cent. 3.4 19.5 48.3 28.3 100.0 0.8 3.8 15.0 80.5 100.0 m 0.'8 6.0 24.5 68.6 100.0 0.3 2.2 19.9 77.6 100.0 0.5 17.8 31.7 100.0 0.5 3.0 22.0 74.5 100.0 0.3 1.1 9.9 88.7 lOO.O 0.2 0.5 9.4 40.9 49.0 100.0 0.4 2.6 23.3 73.8 100.0 L6 13.3 35.4 49.7 100.0 0.1 0.5 6.3 48.4 46.7 100.0 2.5 1L2 36.0 60.3 100.0 2.9 20.5 51.0 25.6 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $9,680,500 26,172,387 15,179 115,840 928,058 4,945,413 20,167,897 2,484,445 18,547 90,370 715,695 1,669,833 387,490 6,136 108, 724 119,374 153,256 54,648,989 364,816 2,246,343 8,349,004 26,332,338 17,356,488 8,423,213 242,333 1,679,365 6,470,649 9,800,244 6,694 42,364 923,060 8,828,246 8,162,406 13, 178 53,799 695,929 3,949,701 3,439,799 7,465,726 67, 386 354, 001 ?, 662, 721 4,481,617 1,803,920 57,357 239,363 642,609 964, 691 12,071,373 9,613 122,544 1,033,746 4,020,021 6,885,449 9,835,388 306, 157 1,157,742 3,204,949 5,166,540 4,849,210 176,865 940,825 2,253,627 1,477,893 1909 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 $8,126,350 100.0 67,945 323,636 1,233,439 6,501,330 15,408,069 2,704 141,428 999,015 4,290,921 9,974,001 3,104,132 11,342 98,887 702,330 2,291,573 601,370 0.7 3.6 100.0 6,067 132,871 200,305 162,127 55,743,781 1.6. 28.1 30.8 39.5 100.0 274, 148 1,918,817 8,567,392 22,156,361 22,827,063 8,059,640 0.7 4.1 15.3 48.2 31.8 100.0 43,961 257, 603 1,719,582 6,038,494 7,264,220 18,979 76,001 710, 786 6,458,454 7,764,419 13,069 35,335 619,378 3, 140, 696 3,955,941 9,631,413 36, 180 263, 465 2,264,666 7,067,102 1,986,697 45, 805 249,264 719,802 971, 726 11,236,571 14, 116 140,389 1, 198, 880 5,109,076 4,774,110 10,541,712 385,843 1,577,674 3, 856, 627 4,721,768 5,611,995 166, 582 1,170,136 2, 657, 144 1, 618, 133 1.0 3.3 10.1 85.6 100.0 0.1 0.4 3.6 18.9 77.0 100.0 0.4 2.9 19.9 76.8 100.0 0.1 0.4 9.4 90.1 100.0 0.2 0.7 48.4 42.2 100.0 0.9 4.7 34.3 60.0 100.0 3.2 13.3 30.1 53.5 100.0 0.1 1.0 8.6 33.3 67.0 100.0 3.1 11.8 32.6 62.5 100.0 3.6 19.4 46.5 30.5 100.0 0.8 4.0 16.2 80.0 100.0 0.9 6.5 27.8 64.7 100.0 0.4 3.2 22.6 73.8 100.0 L2 26.5 40.0 32.3 100.0 0.5 3.4 15.4 39.7 40.9 100.0 0.6 3.2 21.3 74.9 100.0 0.3 1.0 9.8 88.9 100.0 0.2 0.5 8.0 40.4 60.9 100.0 0.4 2.7 23.5 73.4 100.0 2.3 12.5 36.2 48.9 100.0 0.1 1.2 10.7 45.5 42.5 100.0 3.7 15.0 36.6 44.8 100.0 3.0 20.9 47.3 28.8 614 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 20— Continued. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. MUSICAHNSTRUMENTS, PUNOS AND ORGANS AND MATERIALS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Paper and wood pulp. $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000..-. $100,000 to $1000,000 - $1,000,000 and over. . . Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Less than $5,000 . . . $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over '. Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' preparations Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 .$20,000 to $100,000.-.. $100,000 to $1,000,000-. Printing and publishing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000--.. $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Slaughtering PACKING AND meat Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Tobacco manufactures.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000-... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods ; Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000--.. $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... NUMBER OP estab- lishments. 1914 60 78 33 29 3 22 1,344 601 494 258 81 10 107 336 3 14 171 26 27 116 22 1909 61 154 6.7 26.7 21.7 45.0 100.0 75 32 27 20 1,279 491 470 230 79 94 5 25 41 18 5 417 260 114 30 13 4 6 33 116 24 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 6.8 15.4 30.8 48.1 100.0 5.8 16.3 100.0 48.1 20.4 17.9 13.6 100.0 37.3 36.8 19.2 6.0 0.7 100.0 10.3 27.1 33.6 20.6 8.4 100.0 61.6 26.5 7.7 4.2 3.5 15.8 67.8 12.9 100.0 13.6 20.3 20.3 45.8 100.0 6.7 15.9 73.9 4.5 100.0 13.1 23.0 26.2 37.7 100.0 48.7 20.8 17.5 13.0 100.0 38.4 36.7 18.0 6.2 0.7 43.6 19.1 5.3 100.0 62.4 27.3 7.2 3.1 100.0 2.2 3.3 18.0 63.4 13.1 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 3,906 1 35 421 3,449 13, 401 315 9,864 3,206 6,829 118 247 5,461 1,381 23 70 246 1,042 18, 170 487 2,340 4,340 7,637 3,582 3 51 206 325 2,997 147 54,255 61 1,046 19,183 33,965 1909 4,245 5 58 350 3,832 12,848 271 10,469 2,072 5,135 16 104 272 4,744 1,183 37 62 203 881 17,532 694 2,480 4,426 6,624 3,408 3,325 4 53 274 303 2,691 3,551 238 624 568 2,221 53, 873 8 83 1,340 18,034 34,408 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 100.0 "m 0.9 10.8 88.3 100.0 0.2 2.4 73.5 23.9 100.0 0.1 2.0 4.2 93.7 100.0 1.7 5.1 17.8 75.5 100.0 2.7 12.9 23.9 42.0 18.5 100.0 0.1 1.4 5.8 9.1 83.7 100.0 3.7 10.1 12.3 73.8 100.0 0.1 1.9 35.4 62.6 100.0 0.1 1.4 8.2 90.3 100.0 0.3 2.1 81.6 16.1 100.0 0.3 2.0 5.3 92.4 100.0 3.1 5.2 17.2 74.5 100.0 3.4 14.1 26.2 «7.8 19.4 100.0 0.1 1.6 8.2 9.1 80.9 100.0 6.7 14.8 16.0 62.6 100.0 (') 0.2 2.5 33.5 63.9 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $8, 213, 341 4,580 72,666 754,084 7,382,011 43,352,545 61, 643 817,600 23,493,408 13,989,994 16,579,059 6,931 199,810 671,614 14,800,704 8, 262 960 143, 391 313, 006 1,392,568 6,413,995 56, 195, 811 1,214,955 4,942,879 10,950,780 20,554,131 18,533,066 54,446,687 26,833 361,931 1,606,815 5,609,549 46,841,569 9,269,400 446,380 860, 152 1,060,640 6,912,228 130,348,514 63,743 1,802,660 44,422,882 84,059,229 1909 $9, 106, 470 20, 816 123,919 622,926 8,338,810 40,096,713 65,864 649,922 ■30,063,696 9,317,231 13,532,976 0.1 1.9 65.7 32.3 100.0 23,749 173,585 687,938 12,647,704 7,431,764 (') 1.3 3.7 95.0 100.0 146, 785 311,249 1, 218, 798 5,754,932 47,445,006 1,223,106 4,707,863 9,863,248 18,479,010 13,171,779 44,402,972 19,385 291,957 1,959,346 6,027,941 36,104,343 7,888,162 569,761 1,044,698 1,186,899 6,087,804 141,966,882 13, 475 68,288 2,035,947 43,146,440 96,702,732 Per cent distri- bution. 1914 1909 0.1 0.9 9.2 100.0 0.2 1.3 5.1 93.5 100.0 1.7 3.8 16.9 77.6 100.0 2.2 8.8 19.5 36.6 33.0 100.0 (■) 0.7 3.0 10.3 86.0 100.0 11.3 74.6 100.0 (') 1.4 34.1 64.4 100.0 0.2 1.4 6.8 91.6 100.0 0.2 1.6 75.0 23.2 100.0 2.0 4.2 16.4 77.4 100.0 2.6 9.9 20.8 38.9 27.8 100.0 (') 0.7 4.4 13.6 81.3 100.0 7.2 13.2 15.0 64.5 100.0 9^ 0) 1.4 30.4 68.1 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTORE. 1914 $4, 511, 208 2,919 42,392 447, 194 4,018,703 16,741,797 19,908 345, 060 11,267,025 5, 109, 804 6,891,854 6,038 93, 350 255, 140 4,939,822 94, 771 189, 665 868,016 3,797,370 39,378,580 . 955, 133 3,881,831 8,040,174 14,715,758 11,785,684 6,970,870 12,084 112,855 427, 137 715,340 5,703,454 6, 458, 592 276,432 511,698 613,390 4,058,072 47,271,091 46,627 794,889 16,207,061 30,222,514 1909 $4,957,214 13,346 74, 149 393,-812 4,475,907 17,747,100 100.0 0.1 9. 100.0 25,588 292, 677 13,102,767 4,326,168 6,097,069 0.1 2.1 67.3 30.6 100.0 13,644 100,024 335,309 5,648,192 4,704,872 0.1 1.4 3.7 94.9 100.0 102, 755 200,322 709,529 3,692,266 34,664,455 965,746 3,675,434 7,388,352 13,724,154 8,810,769 5,516,833 5,489 87,579 520,756 676,174 4,226,835 4,967,007 647,297 759, 679 3,204,498 53,990,651 9,678 63,195 895, 843 14,992,501 38,039,434 Percent distri- bution. 1914 1909 1.9 3.8 17.4 76.9 100.0 20.4 37.4 100.0 0.2 1.6 6.1 10.3 81.8 100.0 8.0 9.4 11.2 74.3 lOQ.O 0.1 1.7 34.3 63.9 100.0 Ti 1.5 7.9 90.3 100.0 0.1 1.6 73.8 24.4 100.0 0.2 1.6 5.5 92.6 100.0 2.2 4.3 15.1 78.5 100.0 2.8 10.6 21.4 39.7 100.0 0.1 1.6 9.4 12.3 76.6 100.0 7.2 13.0 15.3 64.5 100.0 (■) 0.1 1.7 27.8 70.5 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. ' Includes the group "less than $5,000." ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Among the industries presented in this table for 1914, as compared with 1909, 21 show increases in number of estabUshments having products valued at $100,000 and over, 10 decreases, and 4 remained unchanged. All but 10 industries in this group show increases in value of products, while 23 show increases in number of wage earners and 22 in value added by manufacture. .Although the smaller establishments predominate, the volume of manufactures is in each case reported by the large establishments. Table 21 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 60 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 19 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same condition prevails as that found throughout the stsite, namely, a preponderance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The largest proportions of total value of products for establishments in this class, 98 per cent, 97.2 per cent, and 96.6 per cent, are reported for Watertown, Webster, and West Springfield, respectively, and the lowest, 59.4 per cent, for North Attleborough. Digitized by IVIierosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 615 Table 21 CITY Airo VALUE OF PBODUCT. ADAH8. Less than S5,000... 15,000 to $20,000... 120,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over 1. Amesbttky. Less than 15,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Aelington Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $1,000,000 a. . . Attlebobo. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over ». Beveely Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. Boston Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over. . . Beockton. Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over. . . Bbookline. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 '.. Cambbidge Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 ; $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over.. Chelsea. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. .. $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . CmcoPEE Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over. . . , ClinioN.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to$20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 2.. $1,000,000 and over.... Dedham Less than $5,000'. $5,000 to $1,000,0002.. Eveeett Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over.... Fall Rivee Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over • ^1 35 59 10 35 67 18 13 3,138 664 1,126 243 10 7 316 45 88 97 74 12 123 85 19 3 315 81 111 61 39 23 ■WAGE EABNEB3. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. 3,930 12 32 57 3,829 1,451 16 60 297 1,078 246 4 39 203 6,058 65 233 1,107 4,663 4,641 19 92 280 4,250 78,894 780 5,521 14,782 32, 593 25,218 16,246 38 408 1,052 4,703 10,045 335 283 16,749 361 1,711 8,413 6,211 6.241 4,064 10 3,226 11 86 472 1, 1,159 36,834 65 394 1,529 11,676 23, 170 VALtTE of PE0DWCT3. 100.0 0.3 O.S 1.5 97.4 100.0 1 4.1 20.5 74.3 100.0 1.6 15.9 82.5 100.0 0.9 18.3 77.0 100.0 6.0 91.6 100.0 1 7.0 18.7 41.3 32.0 100.0 0.2 2.5 6.5 28.9 61.8 100.0 1.2 14.3 84.5 100.0 0.3 2.2 10.2 50.2 37.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.9 96.1 100.0 0.3 2.7 14.6 46.4 35.9 100.0 0.2 1.1 4.1 31.7 62.9 Amount. $6,530,232 21,581 141, 717 161,049 6,205,885 3,551,434 36,574 159, 679 740,817 2,614,464 641,092 12,060 106, 115 522,917 13,946,884 92,801 364,261 2,116,886 11,372,936 8, 774, 187 49,517 193,830 837,879 7,692,961 284,802,479 1, 832, 798 11,862,997 40,013,229 116,861,549 114,231,906 51,259,131 101,892 875, 677 3,019,863 14,901,531 32,360,168 658,502 116,45; 922,142 4.694,310 22,685,341 29,065,699 16,971,028 39, 775 151,000 855,185 2,882,299 24,940,893 6,735,297 26,350 114,824 388,438 1,205,685 427,690 13,416 414,274 13,219,200 26,200 226,853 1,077,135 ' 5,666,288 6,222,724 64,663,146 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.3 2.2 2.5 95.0 100.0 1.0 4.5 20.9 73.6 100.0 1 16.6 81.6 0.7 2.6 15.2 81.5 100.0 VALUE ADDED BY MAIiUFACTUSE. Amount. $2,733,013 15,346 59,225 61,596 2,598,846 1,746,557 23,999 80,596 372, 628 1,269,334 364,242 7,261 69,990 286,991 100.0 6,567,637 0.6 2.2 9.6 87.7 100.0 0.6 4.2 14.0 41.0 40.1 100.0 0.2 1.7 5.9 29.1 63.1 100.0 1.6 19.0 79.3 100.0 0.2 1.6 8.2 39.5 50.6 100.0 33,878 109,439 372,305 5,092,643 134,234,199 0.4 2.0 9.9 34.8 53.0 100.0 0.1 0.5 3.0 10.0 86.4 100.0 0.4 1.7 5.8 92.1 100.0 3.1 100.0 0.2 1.7 8.1 42.9 47.1 100.0 208,081 0.3 1,125,899 4.7 3,024,569 4.7 20,220,94fi. 31.3 40, 083, 6^ J^ 73, 304 262,617 1,293,906 4,937,810 5,608,266 1,307,102 7,624,702 22,502,776 53,984,418 48,815,201 19,594,890 56,680 513,286 1,392,040 6,069,269 11,563,615 440,627 6,300 g5,069 370,258 25,949,253 86,320 561,794 2,498,424 10,707,788 12,094,927 7,556,430 41,553 174,022 775,851 2,581,792 3,983,212 11,751,249 217, 149 ,929 6,708,447 16, 896 131,155 554,817 3,031,140 2,974,439 27,501,659 122, 610 667,977 1, 426, 906 , 8,459,756 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.6 2.2 2.2 96.0 100.0 1.4 4.6 21.3 72.7 100.0 2.0 19.2 78.8 100.0 1.1 4.0 19.7 75.2 100.0 0.6 2.0 6.6 90.8 100.0 1.0 5.7 16.8 40.2 36.4 100.0 0.3 2.6 7.1 31.0 59.0 100.0 1.2 14.8 84.0 100.0 0.3 2.2 9.6 41.3 46.6 100.0 0.5 2.3 10.3 34.2 52.7 100.0 0.2 0.8 3.4 16.0 79.6 100.0 0.4 1.7 6.1 91.7 100.0 4.1 95.9 100.0 0.2 2.0 8.3 45.2 44.3 100.0 0.4 2.1 5.2 30.8 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 affl over." ijy^ CITY AND VALUE OP PBODUCT. FlTCHBUBG. Less than $5,000 $5,00Oto $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over... Feamingham. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Gaednee. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Gloucestee.. Less than $5,000 '. $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Geeenfield , Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,090 to $1,000,000. Havebhill Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . HOLYOKE. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Laweence. , Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Leominstee. Less than $5,000..., $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Lowell. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Lynn. Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over.... Malden. . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,0(10 to $100,000... $100,000 and over'.. Maelboeough. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over..., Medfobd , 137 119 114 77 8 16 24 22 27 300 82 100 59 46 13 429 75 146 102 93 13 92 36 . 22 12 43 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20.000 $?0,000to $10O,O0O,-_.. a Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." WAGE EABNEES. Aver- num- bcr. 8,837 743 3,048 3,982 2,814 31 144 2,406 1, 22 111 266 1,203 13,281 90 604 2,012 7,259 3,316 17,493 40 279 572 8,367 8,235 31,043 64 255 594 4,149 25,981 4,929 11 163 629 4,126 29,904 1,168 20,463 25,339 101 691 1,976 9,134 13, 438 2,850 16 113 516 2,205 3,822 7 96 119 757 2,843 559 13 59 200 287 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.3 1.9 8.4 54.9 34.5 100.0 0.2 2.0 4.4' 93.4 100.0 0.4 2.2 7.7 89.6 100.0 1.1 5.1 8.3 85.5 100.0 1.4 6.9 16.6 75.1 100.0 0.7 4.5 15.1 54.6 25.0 100.0 0.2 1.6 3.3 47.8 47.1 100.0 0.2 0.8 1.9 13.4 83.7 100.0 0.2 3.3 12.8 83.7 100.0 0.3 1.3 26.0 68.4 100.0 0.4 2.7 7. 36.0 53.0 100.0 0.6 4.0 18.1 77.4 100.0 0.2 2.5 3.1 19.8 74.4 100.0 2.3 10.6 35.8 51.3 value of peoducts. Amount. $23,983,362 74, 772 386, 743 1,540,624 12,897,310 9,083,903 8,726,574 16, 739 184,545 487, 781 8,037,509 7,449,987 8,533,964 70,816 336, 130 692,311 7,434,707 3,627,101 33, 216 206,882 670, 218 2,716,785 42,409,246 213,031 1,265,523 5,580,269 24,435,552 -10,914,871 44,041,156 141,269 748,546 1,724,054 23,432,131 17,995,155 73,177,803 161,055 786,947 1,593,943 10,534,294 60,102,664 10,838,024 32, 126 301,058 1,277,011 9,227,830 56.048,641 218,646 944, 999 2, .534, 923 16,419,555 35,930,519 69,783,418 185,008 1,584,376 4,840,593 31,047,628 32,126,813 8,366,344 58, 421 358, 414 951, 144 6,998,365 9,983,632 55,449 146,581 498,393 1,918,470 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.3 1.6 6.4 53. 37.9 100.0 0.2 2.1 5. 92.1 100.0 0.5 2.3 8.1 89.1 100.0 0.8 ?.9 8.1 87.1 100.0 0.9 5.9 16.2 77.0 100.0 0.5 3.0 13.2 57.6 25.7 100.0 0.3 1.7 3.9 53.2 40.9 100.0 0.2 1.1 2.2 14.4 82.1 100.0 0.3 2.8 11.8 85.1 100.0 0.4 1.7 4.5 29.3 64.1 100.0 0.3 2.3 6.9 44.6 46.0 100.0 0.7 4.3 11.4 83.6 100.0 0.2 2.1 2.9 18.6 76.2 100.0 2.1 5.6 19.0 73.3 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUBE. Amount. $8,886,635 4,279,492 9,907 92,846 269, 212 3,917,627 4,370,537 2,944,160 39,000 169, 913 357,659 2,377,688 2,104,676 23,242 145, 105 309, 040 1,627,289 15,897,069 126,200 692,957 2,334,645 8,418,056 4,325,201 18,678,707 95, 965 408, 254 819,558 10,061,226 7,293,704 28,025,573 96, 749 373, 964 787,945 4, 194, 591 22,572,324 5,428,116 21,690 169,951 639, 647 22,944,407 135,927 622, 295 1,269,543 7,002,157 14,024,485 31,088,241 Per cent of total. 0.5 2.6 50.5 36.5 100.0 0.2 2.2 6.1 91.5 100.0 0.5 2.3 7.8 89.4 1.3 5.8 12.1 100.0 1.1 ,6.9 14.7 77.3 100.0 0.8 4.4 14.7 53.0 27.2 100.0 O.S 2.2 4.4 53.9 39.0 100.0 0.3 /1. 3 2.8 15.0 80.5 100.0 0.4 3.1 11.8 84.7 100.0 0.6 2.3 5.5 30.5 61.1 100.0 124,917 886,057 2,414,397 11,224,461 16,438,409 5,117,651 37,044 186, 780 524.975 4,368,852 3,515,746 12,048 128,191 131, 104 690,813 2,553,590 763,557 27,504 93,886 257,591 384,376 0.4 2.8 7.8 36.1 52.9 100.0 0.7 3.6 10.2 85.4 100.0 0.3 3.6 3.7 19.7 72.6 100.0 3.6 12.3 33.7 50.4 616 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 21— Continued. aiT ASD VALtTE OF PKODUCT. Melkose. Less than $5,000... JS.OOO to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. Methuen. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to. $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over K O O MiLFOHD. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to S20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Natick.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over 1... New Bedfoed.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Newburyport. . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over '. Newton. Leas than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over '. . NoKTH Adams. Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . . NoKTH AtTLEBOB- OTJGH Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Northampton. . Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over >. Peabodt Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. . PiTTSPtELD Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to 1100,000.. $100,000 and over i. Plymouth Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over i. QtJlNCT. Less than $5,000. .. $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Revere Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 2. 25 59 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber. 962 7 43 179 733 1,940 5 22 149 1,764 1,749 25 74 114 1,536 1,347 U 12 8 233 74 7 177 3 46 1. 33,343 67 298 776 27,220 3,349 59 376 2,907 2,154 Per cent oJ total. 100.0 0.7 4.5 18.6 76.2 100.0 0.2 1.1 7.7 90.9 100.0 1.4 4.2 6.5 87.8 100. 0.2 3.4 20.0 76.4 100.0 0.2 0.9 2.3 14.9 81.6 100.0 12 97 230 1,815 5,288 22 94 227 1,927 3,018 2,250 14 104 923 1,209 3,446 24 109 491 2,822 5,485 14 146 527 1,903 2,895 7,490 26 88 391 2,845 16 18 171 2,640 5,783 27 358 1,056 4,342 80 0.2 1, 11.2 86.8 100.0 0.5 4.5 10.7 84.3 100.0 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $2,499,029 15,921 83,062 370,828 2,029,218 4,461,111 15,678 74,640 392,276 3,978,517 0.4 1.8 4.3 36.4 57.1 100.0 0.6 4.6 41.0 53.7 100. '0 0.7 3.2 14.2 81.9 100.0 0.2 2.7 9.6 34.7 62 100.0 0.3 1.2 5.2 93.3 100.0 0.6 0.6 6.0 92.8 100.0 0.6 6.2 18 3 75.1 100.0 7.6 26.2 66.2 53,016 186,374 295,066 3,494,036 4,566,253 15,859 109,724 498,419 3,942,251 65,575,005 154,544 822,821 1,843,122 9,913,033 52,841,485 8,245,998 25,201 145,333 739,872 7,335,592 5,822,853 44,648 247,265 710,828 4,820,112 10,922,575 Per cent ol total. 100.0 0.6 3.3 14.8 81.2 lOO.O 0.4 1.7 89.2 100.0 1.3 4, 7.3 86.7 100.0 0.3 2.4 10.9 86.3 100.0 0.2 1.2 2.8 15.1 100.0 0.3 1.8 9.0 89.0 100.0 47,414 175,290 626,942 4,375,740 5,697,189 4,867,725 35,975 178,537 1,763,686 2,889,527 8,580,730 49,457 294,097 941,651 7,295,525 18,441,906 26,600 261,032 1,196,517 6,331,630 10,626,127 22,241,237 66,490 277,939 701,795 21,195,013 13,904,545 41,373 64,037 421,703 13,377,432 12,097,452 80,775 751,139 2,266,731 8,998,807 349,696 30,385 87,422 231,889 0.8 4.2 12.2 82.8 100.0 0.4 1 5.7 40.1 52.2 100.0 0.7 3.7 36.2 59.4 100.0 0.6 3.4 11.0 85.0 100.0 0.1 1.4 6.5 34.3 57.6 100.0 0.3 1.2 3.2 95.3 100.0 0.3 0.5 3.0 96.2 100.0 0.7 6.2 18.7 74.4 100.0 8.7 25.0 66.3 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. Amount. $1,164,908 11,495 51,157 216,555 885,701 1,510,293 9,941 36,885 160,268 1,303,209 1,730,313 38,601 104,462 141,767 1,445,483 1,248,725 7,637 59,625 236,414 945,049 28,001,358 88,651 421,058 901,944 4,768,116 21,821,589 3,488,963 15,403 65,377 354,324 3,053,859 2,681,060 30,741 152,637 367,496 2, 130, 186 5,225,448 25,971 108,383 293,042 1,745,882 3,052,170 2,953,571 21,447 126,463 1,116,764 1,688, — 4,692,410 34,326 157,310 552,971 3,947,803 6,198,420 17,210 158,668 534,244 2,417,259 3,071,039 13,111,901 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.6 2.4 10.6 86.3 100.0 2.2 6.0 8.2 83.5 100.0 0.6 4.8 18.9 75.7 100.0 0.3 1.5 3.2 17.0 77.9 100,0 0.4 1.9 10.2 87.5 100.0 1.1 5.7 13.7 79.5 100.0 0.5 2.1 5.6 33.4 58.4 100.0 0.7 4.3 37.8 57.2 100.0 0.7 3.4 11.8 84.1 100.0 0.3 2.6 8.6 39.0 49.5 100.0 42,572 138,344 408,965 12,522,020 3,781,402 26,633 28,945 220,774 3,505,050 7,009,673 53,350 510,552 1,478,600 4,967,171 130,029 17,675 48,621 63,733 0.3 1.0 3.1 95.5 100.0 CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 100.0 100.0 Salem. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Somebville... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20.000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to 81,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... SOUTHBRTOGE... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over •. Springfield.... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Taunton Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Wakefield Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over '. Waltham Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 1. Wateetown. . Less than $5,000.... $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over >. Webst^ Less than $20,000'..., $20,000 to 1100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over. . Westfield. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over I West Springfield. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. . . $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 1. Weymouth... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . WiNCHESTEB Less than $20,000'.. $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 1.. WiNTHBOP Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $100,000 *. WOBXTEN Less than $5,000..., $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 1. Worcester..., Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000..., $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over. . . 178 50 53 47 28 144 34 53 35 17 5 35 11 12 5 7 395 11 5 . 3 4 100 12 4D 19 10 10 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber. 6,294 64 244 913 4,073 5,429 14 56 186 4,076 14,240 114 576 1,412 8,1 3,446 7,371 36 122 840 2,965 3,408 2,008 4 21 148 1,835 6,465 37 115 684 5,629 4,787 10 21 60 4,696 3,246 49 97 458 2,642 3,684 22 188 347 3,027 2,209 19 25 2,157 2,074 25 232 652 1,145 1,048 37 131 16 11 13 22 11 606 135 190 162 104 IS Per cent of total. 100.0 1.2 4.6 17.2 76.9 100.0 0.3 1.3 4.3 94.1 100.0 0.8 4.0 9.9 61.0 24.2 100.0 0.5 1.7 11.4 40.2 46.2 100.0 0.2 1.0 7.4 91.4 100.0 0.6 1.8 10.6 87.1 100.0 0.2 0.4 1.2 98.1 100.0 1.5 3.0 14.1 81.4 100.0 0.6 5.2 9.7 84.5 100.0 0.4 0.9 1.1 97.6 100.0 1.0 1.2 11.2 31.4 55.2 100.0 $13,652,586 3.5 12.5 84.0 100.0 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 122,741 632,177 2,050,363 10,947,305 43,971,291 92,744 568,125 1,709,333 3,865,265 37,735,824 7,366,430 34,553 121,233 304,054 6,906,590 44,428,854 265,594 1,357,443 3,385,880 23,672,069 15,747,868 15,885,812 72,601 254,561 1.701,864 7,346,632 6,610,154 6,057,659 14,902 44,357 296,599 5,701,801 10,236,912 73,218 275,684 1,256,403 8,631,607 14,764,326 32,903 25,160 237, 193 14,469,070 9,233,919 90,764 170,625 1,177,044 7,795,486 60,297 392,673 865,360 7,102,109 5,039,953 24,098 77,240 69,749 4,868,866 8,251,041 5 11 1,565 19 76 443 1,027 29,452 140 918 3,423 13,063 11,908 31.2 68.8 100.0 1.2 4.8 28.3 65.6 100.0 0.5 3.1 11.6 44.4 40.4 42,323 69,935 407,120 2,300,699 5,430,964 5,159,479 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.9 3.9 15.0 80.2 100.0 a2 1. 3. a8 85.8 100.0 0.5 1.6 4.1 93.8 loao 0.6 3.1 7.6 53.3 35.4 100.0 0.5 1.6 10.7 46.2 41.0 100.0 0.2 0.7 4. 94.1 100.0 07 2.7 12.3 84.3 100.0 0.2 0.2 1.6 98.0 100.0 1.0 1.8 12.7 84.5 100.0 0.7 4.7 10.3 84.3 100.0 0.5 1.5 1.4 96.6 100.0 0.5 0.8 4.9 27.9 65.8 100.0 67,905 246,484 4,845,090 77,994 14,998 62,996 5,517,806 36,158 162,089 864,774 4,454,785 82,829,356 332,657 2,100,810 7,819,047 31,024,598 41,552,244 group "$l,oooiQ/flyfciZ.©C/ by MlCrOSG>Semes the group "less than $5,000." group "$100,000 toTl,000,000." ) Includes the group "$20,000 to $100,000." 1.3 4.8 93.9 100.0 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. Amount. $5,507,369 80,793 314,251 1,039,246 4,073,079 7,474,752 63,235 301,540 839,476 1,740,531 4,529,970 4,078,547 21,799 58,930 208,160 3,789,658 22,513,668 182,484 820,087 1,919,874 13,006,061 6,585,162 7,779,588 52,602 146,586 980,967 3,137,344 3,462,189 2,913,845 7,723 25,261 177,247 2,703,614 6,421,477 50,924 164,308 804,424 5,401,821 8,070,709 21,012 15,525 91,312 7,942,860 2,250,643 19.2 80.8 100.0 0.7 2.9 15.7 80.7 100. 0.4 2.5 9.4 37.4 50.2 42,112 97,835 346,035 1,764,661 4,986,384 41,311 226,067 457,030 4,261,976 2,629,629 14,972 38,471 46,539 2,529,647 3,192,694 24,907 38,694 209,418 889,010 2,030,665 Per cent of total. 100.0 1.5 5.7 18 9 74.0 100.0 0.8 4.0 11.2 23.3 60.6 100.0 0.5 1.4 5.1 92.9 loao 0.8 3.6 a5 67.8 29.2 100.0 0.7 1.9 12.6 40.3 44.5 100.0 0.3 0.9 6.1 92.8 100.0 ~o!i 2.6 12.5 84.1 100.0 0.3 0.2 1.1 98.4 100.0 1.9 4.3 15.4 78.4 100.0 0.8 4.5 9.2 85.5 100.0 0.6 1.5 1.7 96.2 100.0 1,557,477 100.0 39,145 139,120 1,379,212 " 10,949 28,911 2,166,426 24,925 101,703 459,011 1,580,787 037,035,425 0.8 1.2 6.6 27.8 63.6 2.5 S.9 100.0 27.5 72.5 100.0 1.2 4.7 21.2 73.0 100.0 202,076 1,186,212 4,070,712 15,550,019 16,O26,40€ 0.5 3.2 11.0 42.0 43.3 1 Includes the „ j, ' Includes the group MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 617 Table 22 shows the size of estabUshment in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 60 of the more im- portant industries, and for each of the 60 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 23 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 22, and, for 1909, similar per- centages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 22 TOTAL. E3TABUSHMENT3 EMPLOYING — DJDUSTET AND CITK. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 600 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. CO 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 0) 1 1 1 i 1 1 i 1 i ! 1 1 1 All industries 12,013 606,698 1,249 4,853 11,904 2,767 31,426 1,306 42,068 742 63,565 599 95,945 251 88,263 149 100,796 97 182, 731 Automobiles, including bodies and parts 66 884 9 97 73 1,419 54 65 12 175 ■15 24 227 202 148 159 20 11 189 137 91 67 932 145 61 19 77 11 202 119 126 26 589 306 69 52 13 86 60 162 1,344 19 17 107 27 336 18 8 30 171 2,737 9,925 3,439 85,114 8,087 4,244 1,620 8,083 1,262 1,903 5,319 1,348 6,264 1,395 7,645 6,076 6; 787 2,688 7,614 2,298 113,559 6,485 17,125 2,777 41,361 6,954 3,182 2,383 10,636 2,889 6,505 1,430 10, 164 2,106 8,156 3,858 2,026 3,906 2,356 13,401 5,829 1,381 18,170 4,495 2,163 3,582 2,467 3,926 1,381 2,899 1,950 54,255 81,756 508,647 3 25 18 219 61 653 14 211 2 31 29 187 24 20 156 2,552 13 411 275 1,796 333 231 22 143 723 4,748 3 99 215 7,401 3 86 525 13,449 1 66 3 305 22,713 1,387 2 27 2 1,454 17, 121 1,714 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 9 2 16, 477 Boots and shoes, rubber 4,973. Boxes, fancy and paper ....„ 208 1 3 7 29 983 10 27 27 84 2,246 37 84- 34 4 23 12 9 2 12 2 1 52 60 15 IS 2 2 16 14 14 13 148 32 8 1 10 2 44 8 31 7 6.6 27 9 8 1 12 9 8 89 3 2 11 6 8 1,126 122 710 356 271 70 361 85 30 1,710 1,904 506 530 59 76 582 505 429 639 4,696 1,087 267 25 310 55 1,488 236 1,021 261 2,015 747 260 309 28 388 265 281 2,707 93 73 289 215 280 14 3 10 6 4 2 3 3 984 193 818 432 263 175 199 187 11 2 6 1 1,696 375 970 104 Brass, bronze, and copper products.. Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay 1 571 1 433 1 1,110 Canning and preserving 1 2 293 631 1 2 761 1,573 Carpets"and trigs, other than rag Carriages and wagons and materials . . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 2 267 2 2, 60S 12 99 235 49' 91 84 31 51 12 36 26 18 254 42 19 4 13 4 57 39 35 3 163 89 24 10 3 7 14 21 294 4 3 26 3 43 4 653 17 50 1,051 1,041 338 523 16 12 167 375 323 227 2,852 556 211 40 172 49 685 498 466 43 1,827 1,082 288 116 38 95 170 236 3,245 59 35 249 39 448 41 3 2 7 9 11 4 6 3 18 14 6 5 69 9 8 7 8 3 15 3 13 5 12 4 5 8 1 41 13 596 270 1,125 1,355 1,608 506 1,147 467 3,018 2,330 1,081 858 8,844 1,452 1,336 1,169 1,322 691 2,268 367 2,089 730 1,782 656 668 1,262 126 7,279 2,157 3 3 1,129 1,020 1 781 2 3,469 Cl^niicals. . 1 6 3 12 6 1 1 10 1 ■■■46' 1 1 11 52 24 65 74 3 1 4 52 22 ■ 18 334 44 15 25 153 80 166 200 10 3 19 131 51 41 916 135 42 Clothing, men's, including shirts 16 21 7 8 2 2 22 7 13 12 73 14 7 5 16 1,240 1,360 544 653 152 174 1,640 484 920 808 5,091 1,073 497 364 1,214 4 2,366 Clothing, women's 1 4 1 2 1 29 2 7 1 13 1 3 1 5 1 336 1,351 276 820 318 11,231 727 2,125 304 4,745 300 829 277 1,841 311 3 2,284 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Cordage ana twine and jute^nd linen 1 596 2 1 40 4,815 Corsets. 1,25S Cotton goods, including cotton small wares 47 3 1 33,801 1,933 693 63, 101 Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere speci- Electrical machinery, apparatus, and 2 11,503 Fancy articles, not elsewhere sjwcified . Foundry and machine-shop products. 3 1 1,651 715 8 1 12,566 1,63& Gas, illuminating and heating Hats, straw 1 1 508 548 Hosiery and knit goods 11 U 39 2 1 6,189 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1,883 Jewelry 12 10 ■■'ie' 23 1 2 58 386 45 57 15 1 306 152 20 8 5 5 14 68 508 1 116 139 52 1 730 372 64 24 16 20 28 133 1,331 29 2 25 9 26 10 10 12 2 10 7 6 39 3 7 1,948 190 1,737 726 1,802 704 746 1,041 132 758 536 463 2,759 169 409 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. . 2 1 525 346 4 2,623 1 1,661 Liquors malt Lumber and timber products . .^ 1 297 Musical instruments, pianos and or- gans and materials 4 1,164 Optical goods 1 2,016 9 1 1 5 3,466 322 269 1,838 2 1 1,405 515 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds and druggists^ preparations 1 1,836 19 6 3 2 3,048 847 532 362 5 2 1 2 1 2 1 3,242 1,125 831 1,857 812 1,607 549 Silk goods, including throwsters Silverware and nlated ware' 1 2,20r 1 2 3 2 283 696 1,018 540 Slaughtering and meat packing Stationery goods, not elsewliere speci- fied ; 14 ■'ios' 1 1 ■■268' 1,049 61 9 165 5 1 10 1 1,284 3,937 129 27 367 8 3 20 4 2,897 9,910 5 6 4 356 420 295 2 3 3 3 58 89 461 374 488 474 481 9,607 13,897 73,793 Toys and games Wire 3 3 24 37 205 1,108 1,089 8,406 13,215 72,444 1 1,314 Wirework, including woven-wiro 7 10 650 2,360 74 110 7,244 26,757 3 26 260 1,113 74 998 8,158 35,524 3 34 121 691 212 2,-477 8,614 42,411 Woolen, worsted, and felt goods 7 20 122 4,601 12,659 82,717 11 8 87 28,062 15,072 165,091 35 69 19 ISl 67 3,930 1,451 246 6,058 4,641 1 3 20 27 11 43 69 26 106 3 8 4 37 98 29 1 9 2 24 21 295 67 835-. cavf 3 4 4 169 290 124 1,300 264 3 4 457 699 2 3,203 Arungton 13 4 2,186 fi4n 2 1 630 1 546 Beveelt \ 2,7S6 Uy ivn Ui tfo«j»i v^ 618 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 22— Continued. total. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. 1 1 la 1 1 s a 1 1 1 a 1 m W 1 1 i 1 S 1 1 CO H 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 S i 1 1 Boston 3,138 243 21 316 123 62 36 15 85 315 137 49 , 64 87 50 398 222 221 89 300 429 92 43 54 26 25 59 38 233 54 58 70 74 75 77 84 37 177 27 178 144 35 395 115 22 88 30 23 100 29 40 19 10 57 606 78,894 16,246 335 16,749 6,241 8,426 4,064 256 3,226 36,834 8,837 3,982 3,964 2,814 1,602 13,281 17,493 31,043 4,929 29,904 25,339 2,850 3,822 559 962 1,940 1,749 . 1,347 ^33,343 3,349 2,154 5,288 2,250 3,446 .5,485 7,490 2,845 5,783 80 5,294 5,429 4,332 14,240 7,371 2,008 6,465 4,787 3,246 3,584 2,209 2,074 1,048 16 1,565 29, 452 388 19 3 19 11 8 6 3 9 , 46 13 2 3 5 2 21 36 16 7 38 33 9 2 15 4 4 5 23 5 8 5 5 8 2 8 6 22 8 14 15 4 53 4 2 8 7 "'ii' 7 7 1 3 1 68 1,209 86 8 106 60 21 18 8 23 141 57 20 21 42' 20 157 81 123 21 128 164 44 25 19 12 11 35 13 107 17 23 31 20 35 20 45 14 66 15 80 65 17 154 38 6 38 10 10 43 13 18 7 7 19 228 3,170 229 28 276 143 48 33 25 59 324 136 52 43 108 54 360 184 275 49 318 468 88 66 36 25 21 69 33 267 37 49 76 57 105 51 114 25 202 22 207 133 42 378 84 18 95 17 39 110 24 45 21 16 46 574 877 66 7 82 31 8 6 2 29 48 25 6 16 20 16 104 38 33 24 50 103 18 7 11 8 4 6 9 43 9 13 17 15 14 20 10 7 63 3 39 33 3 93 28 3 17 5 5 26 3 2 4 9,857 795 74 978 352 94 38 14 364 512 295 55 192 236 176 1,125 420 398 271 535 1,165 196 91 117 86 46 90 107 487 102 141 182 213 163 205 122 69 753 21 440 382 33 1,029 344 39 176 59 74 301 28 23 44 369 27 2 42 14 8 4 11,428 857 65 1,401 465 258 158 153 15 10,832 1,047 95 15 1 29 6 4 14,752 2,219 168 4,841 867 603 25 ft 8,220 3,350 17 3 10,837 1,932 5 3 9,798 5,817 Brookline 25 5 6 1,807 337 494 7 2 2 1 2,330 565 762 448 4 3 3 2,566 1,915 2,296 2 1 2 2 2,550 1,597 3,972 3,387 Chicopee .... Clinton ■Dir.T^TTAM 1 3 9 16 4 7- 5 3 29 15 5 13 19 31 8 91 220 720 1,067 283 513 296 230 2,141 1,137 352 970 1,477 2,269 659 1 4 6 6 3 8 5 3 16 20 12 9 13 22 2 2 126 816 900 1,218 497 1,363 617 466 2,724 3,739 1,958 1,378 2,318 3,353 360 333 14 18 9 11 8 7 5 58 19 16 12 31 56 9 2 7 3 2 5 3 16 7 7 5 20 3 11 4 5 19 1 24 18 3 31 16 6 15 2 2 8 1 6 4 429 627 291 368 217 206 165 1,861 601 620 509 1,002 1,804 265 65 252 124 56 95 115 495 211 186 170 662 75 373 109 172 642 37 764 658 106 980 509 175 485 74 71 251 49 198 131 2 18 7 2 693 6,914 2,460 891 1 20 3 645 14,164 2,014 Fall Rivee . 9 1 1 1 12,673 1,356 1,836 1,636 FiTCHBTJRG Gakdner 2 590 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 4 1 2 761 511 1,786 516 577 1,276 1,349 2,524 972 1,163 OH^"Rf*rFiTnT.'n , , Haverhill 10 8 6 1 10 14 1 2 3,284 3,142 2,199 476 3,541 4,572 410 860 4 9 7,754 24,764 LA"WTIENCE Lowell . . 9 2 19,364 9,184 Lynn 1 1,244 2 1 1 4 2 8 7 1 1 10 5 15 6 1 3 154 87 53 304 126 571 470 84 61 687 377 1,089 495 51 188 1 1 2 5 5 4 3 4 4 6 5 5 2 2 142 234 349 679 941 668 463 661 631 949 889 804 409 230 1 498 2 1,630 MiLFORD . ... 3 1 3 5 3 4 842 387 1,372 1,861 1,231 1,426- New Bedford 16 11,708 12 17,602 1 636 2 2,086 2 2 3 662 573 1,191 2 1 2 1 1 1,125 654 1,321 559 794 Feabody 1 1 1 1 1,651 3,334 1,560 Quincy . . . 3,074 Salem 11 3 2 27 16 1 4 795 179 103 2,047 1,132 94 280 7 5 4 22 7 1 1 3 2 6 2 845 1,011 614 3,411 1,013 108 229 541 420 726 416 3 3 2,243 2,428 Somertille 2 738 2 1 2 3,434 12 3 1 2 2 1 2 3,782 1,343 311 725 629 322 791 2 1 2 2 1,072 831 1,268 1,489 1,641 2 115 Tattnton . 1 1 1 1 1 2,986 3,467 Webster 2 1,260 1,060 1,086 1,062 4 1 2 1 320 85 128 62 West Springfield 1 545 Weymouth 6 1,680 1 134 1 656 Winthrop 19 142 217 1,637 9 67 321 2,181 6 42 367 3,033 2 44 362 6,527 1 15 252 5,034 6 4,264 4 6,212 Of the 12,013 establishments for all manufacturing industries in the state, 1,249, or 10.4 per cent, em- ployed no wage earners in 1914. These are small estabhshments in which the work is done by the pro- prietors, firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. If wage earners were employed the num- ber was so small and the term of employment so short that in computing the average, as described in the "Explanation of terms," the number was less than one person, and the establishment was classed as one having "no wage earners." The small establish- ments — those employing from 1 to 20 wage earners — predominate in the majority of the industries of the state but gave employment to only 7.1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported. There were only 1,096 establishments in the state that reported the employnaent of m.ore than lOO wage earners each, but these estabhshments gave employ- ment to 467,735, or 77.1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported for all establish- ments. These large establishments are shown espe- cially in the manufacture of boots and shoes, foundries and machine shops, paper mills, and the textile industries. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURED— MASSACHUSETTS. 619 Table 23 rNDUSTRT MfD CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINa SPECIFIED NITOBER. INDCSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP total AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINO SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to SO 51 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1009 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2.0 2.0 5.2 6.4 6.9 7.8 8.8 8.6 15.8 16.6 14.6 15.2 16.6 15.6 30.1 28.9 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 9.6 7.4 3.2 4.1 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.7 9.6 11.8 7.3 7.8 0.1 (') "o.'s 3.6 4.0 1.1 1.7 9.1 14.3 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.1 1.0 2.3 ('5 3.5 4.1 1.9 28.0 27.8 14.2 24.1 3.0 2.5 1.6 1.1 0.7 1.2 2.9 3.9 17.0 13.6 17.9 17.2 1.3 0.8 1.6 2.p 7.0 8.2 1.6 2.0 11.4 16.0 3.0 0.8 19.4 16.9 12.8 29.7 7.9 6.8 1.2 0.9 2.9 3.0 4.5 4.6 20.3 34.3 14.9 16.6 2.1 6.8 3.4 6.4 8.1 2.6 8.7 5.4 7.1 9.8 "9.7 18.2 24.8 36.8 26.7 15.9 5.6 10.0 5.7 6.7 9.2 9.1 33.5 21.3 15.2 13.0 3.6 1.4 18.9 13.8 "4.'4 14.4 9.8 10.7 12.2 21.4 25.8 17.0 12.6 33.0 42.1 32.3 46.3 5.3 6.3 54.3 49.6 37.0 37.2 "is." 9 16.8 17.0 18.8 21.9 24.6 20.4 10.1 5.9 'ii'.i 9.6 16.9 36.3 29.9 16.4 11.5 24.7 60.1 17.7 18.0 17.0 23.8 14.5 7.7 10.5 29.5 28.7 i Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boots and shoes, rubber 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 6.2 46 27.8 30.0 2.9 3.1 4.4 6; 8 "o.i 17.4 16.2 1.8 2.4 2.0 2.6 1.3 1.3 2.3 1.9 7.4 7.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 <'J C) 2.0 1.9 0.3 0.3 1.5 1.2 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.3 2.1 "q.2 0.4 0.3 1.8 1.1 9.7 8.3 0.5 0.6 (') 0.2 9.0 9.8 4.5 5.2 3.0 3.2 0.2 0.1 9.5 12.0 17. C 19.9 22.2 24.6 26.4 30.8 12.1 15. C "6.' 2 41.0 45.3 0.3 0.6 3.6 3.8 13.7 15.3 17.1 14.7 5.0 7.6 19.6 20.1 0.2 1.1 0.5 2.6 0.1 0.1 5.8 5.6 1.9 1.9 8.2 5.3 6.9 5.9 8.0 7.4 6.6 8.7 1.7 0.8 1.6 1.2 1.7 0.8 10.6 5.9 34.8 32.9 4.6 3.4 2.0 4.3 22.4 26.5 21.0 14.2 5.6 6.0 6.2 9.4 8.7 6.8 16.3 13.7 16.8 1«.4 8.9 18.0 26.7 31.6 17.2 13.7 42.3 38.6 20.1 17.6 21-. 2 8.7 19.4 16.8 61.6 75.6 85 fi Boxes, fancy and paper 26.5 32.8 7.5 19.3 8.8 9.8 28.2 36.3 14.2 22.8 1.3 0.8 26.8 29.0 1.4 4.1 2.2 6.6 22.4 25.9 31.3 31.9 7.4 6.8 19.7 17.2 0.8 1.8 3.3 0.5 0.4 7.8 7.3 t 2.6 4.6 19.4 18.4 11.4 11.7 15.6 17.2 8.4 8.7 1.0 1.6 2.9 5.7 1.9 1.6 22.9 18.8 16.5 16.3 10.0 13.2 12.4 28.9 24.7 29.4 23.2 27.8 11.9 3.0 10.1 6.3 34.2 29.8 13.8 9.4 3.3 1.3 14.8 9.5 3.0 6.4 16.2 18.1 22.4 27.4 8.0 10.7 24.3 15.1 2.0 1.3 7.6 12.6 1.4 1.3 7.6 12.8 5.4 5.8 29.1 29.1 12.3 13.4 15.4 14.3 16.6 22.9 15.3 12.,1 11.4 7.6 29.9 35.3 13.3 19.8 17.1 16.1 34.5 50.4 22.1 19.3 2.0 40.0 27.0 23.1 23.7 12.0 10.7 8.2 'i3."6 6.0 2.8 Paper and wood pulp 25.8 28.5 5.6 11.9 19.6 10.1 13.8 "9.3 13.1 25.0 19.4 17.1 41.3 35.8 13.8 11.6 '33.'6 38.2 31.3 65.8 27.6 15.6 16.8 16.2 17.7 14.2 10.5 10.8 8.8 17.8 14.6 25.0 14.2 38.4 32.1 51.8 27.4 32.9 33.6 38.4 20.4 39.8 81.4 Brass,' bronze, 'and copper products. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, pottery, and other 6.4 10.7 36.2 29.5 ""8." 6 13.7 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prepa- rations. Printing and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters. Silverware ard plated ware Slaughtering and meat packing. Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Tobacco manufactures Toys and games 31.5 32.5 clay products. Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. 15.4 34.0 11.9 12.5 40.0 29.6 27.6 48.9 54.7 49.1 46. S 9.5 6.9 19.4 26.1 14.7 16.2 22.3 18.3 23.7 27.3 18.8 29.6 15.1 21.4 19.9 19.8 2.7 3.2 36.9 29.6 6.3 12.1 30.9 46.0 21.4 18.2 20.9 12.6 42.0 45.7 49.1 45.5 12.4 10.2 20.4 8.2 34.9 36.1 26.7 22.7 20.6 23.3 34.7 16.3 18.0 11.8 73.1 61.1 "s.b 5.5 6.4 19.9 16.7 10.3 10.6 10.8 6.6 13.8 16.8 9.9 10.3 11.2 9.6 12.4 7.4 10.9 12.5 32.6 66.4 37.6 30.6 Clothing, men's, including 30.9 17.0 shirts. ClotTiiTigj woman's. . . Wire 46 3 Wirework, including woven- wire fencing. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. 57.1 33.7 29.0 7.8 10.0 '48.'2 29.8 26.6 29.8 17.6 4.0 63.2 67.4 64.7 65.6 57.9 "i5."9 67.2 68.0 3.8 3.4 0.2 0.2 8.9 9.0 5.3 3.8 9.1 1.8 2.1 10.0 10.8 7.0 10.9 7.6 4.6 5.0 10.5 9.8 8.3 / Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Corsets 8.5 10.1 15.5 14.9 16.3 51.7 47.6 18 4 Total for cities 9.9 32 5 Adams Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1.1 4.8 10.6 1.7 2.0 4.0 1.4 8.4 1.6 2.3 0.6 0.8 9.8 1.8 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.1 3.8 3.4 2.7 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.8 3.1 1.7 6.4 2.6 1.1 3.9 2.4 0.8 1.1 2.3 1.4 2.5 3.1 0.9 0.9 6.8 11.8 7.5 3.8 12.6 4.9 22.1 5.8 5.6 1.1 0.9 5.5 11.3 1.4 3.3 1.4 4.8 8.4 11.0 8.5 2.4 1.3 5.6 1.8 4.6 6.9 2.4 20.9 8.9 2.4 6.1 7.9 1.6 3.0 6.5 3.4 9.5 4.7 3.7 0.5 20.3 27.2 13.8 4.7 14.5 6.3 19.4 8.4 7.5 3.1 3.9 is.s 1.7 3.3 9.2 5.6 7.3 10.3 14.0 3.4 1.7 10.3 3.4 7.1 9.3 1.7 45.1 12.9 2.9 5.4 8.5 1.5 6.3 8.6 3.2 29.4 2.2 6.8 4.3 20.0 50.4 21.5 5.7 13.7 6.4 "io.'s 6.4 5.9 11.6 48.2 Amesbury Arlington Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. Attleboro 36.1 13.8 18.7 13.7 60.1 28.9 13.9 6.0 10.4 10.1 10.4 20.6 9.0 13.7 11.9 Beverly 60 Boston.... . . 12 4 Brockton Broozune Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified. Cambridge 13.9 9.1 9.0 11.0 15.3 30.7 27.2 15 2 25.6 47 1 11.5 7.0 4.3 16.7 26.1 11.8 11.6 19.9 17.3 9.6 10.8 17.8 ..... 4.0 11.3 10.3 9.6 30.4 30.7 23.5 20.3 Chicopee Foundry and machine-shop Cunton 83 3 Dedham 35.5 6.8 2.0 12.1 7.1 12.9 10.5 14.4 16.1 6.5 1.1 19.7 4.9 9.0 19.6 '27."5 9.0 2.7 17.4 9.4 1.7 14.0 3.9 1.2 30.5 10.9 19.S 49.2 25.3 2.4 13.8 12.5 34.4 21.9 29.1 20.6 21.4 6.3 28.0 7.8 13.2 12.6 8.7 Furniture and refrigerators Everett 21.6 18.8 27.8 22.4 20.0 38.5 22.8 Fall Biver 34.4 15 3 FiTCHBTJRG Gas, illuminating and heating. Framiwgttam. . . . 46.1 41.3 Gardner 21.3 19.9 5.2 14.7 48.8 60.9 66.2 71.7 Gloucester. 21.0 24.7 18.0 7.1 9.7 11.8 18.0 14.4 22.5 27.0 31.9 13.4 2.9 1.9 25.9 4.5 10.0 34.1 30.4 Greenfield HAVERHILL HOLYOKE , . , , 44.3 Lawrence Leominster Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 64.8 36 2 Lynn Malden.- Jewelry . Marlborough 32.5 3.8 Medfoed Melrose 14.8 12.1 20.0 43.0 2.8 19.9 21.5 12.3 28.0 27.5 16.2 51.8 la.'i 28.7 4.1 55.6 57.1 27.0 Leather goods. Methuen .' 78.9 MiLFORD .6.2 16.4 25.8 30.6 16.2 12.9 Leather, tanned, cuiried, and finished. Natick New Bedford 35.1 52.5 Newbueypoei Liquors, malt Newton North Adams. 12.0 39. <; North Attlebokough Northampton.. Lumber and timber products... 21.8 14.9 18 Q ■;:;:::;:;i Peabody 10.41 11.9 30.1 DigWTe&Ty WcfBsoft® 620 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 33— Continued. Cen- sus year. PER cent op total AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 1.6 2.4 13.0 26.3 8.3 7.0 0.8 7.2 4.7 1.9 2.7 1.2 2.3 8.4 1.3 1.1 4.2 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1.5 0.9 3.5 27.5 3.9 2.4 1.0 2.7 1.1 0.9 1.5 0.4 1.2 3.1 1.1 2.2 2.0 100.0 2.9 1.9 1.5 6.0 9.4 46.3 14.4 10.3 2.4 6.9 6.9 8.7 7.5 1.5 2.2 7.0 2.2 9.5 12.5 6.6 1.8 3.3 10.7 14.4 4.0 15.9 17.6 19.6 13.7 44.5 Plymouth. . . . , 54.8 53.2 15.0 3.3 2.4 14.4 15.4 4.7 4.3 "'i'g 3.8 6.2 5.9 16.0 18.6 14.2 24.0 13.7 5.4 3.5 11.3 12.9 20.2 18.8 'ii'.i 13.6 42.4 44.7 79.3 26.6 18.2 15.5 11.2 13.1 9.9 22.1 81.0 7.5 11.3 62.9 23.0 "ss.'s "24.'7 10.8 Taunton ?S>. 7 46.2 Watertown . .... 72.4 Webster 32.7 Westfield. . 30.3 West Speingfield 48.1 Weymouth , , 62.6 WlNTHBOP 13.9 5.6 20.5 7.4 23.5 10.3 23.1 22.2 16.1 17.1 14.4 21.1 Among the cities, the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Watertown, 96.8 per cent; Lawrence, 95.1; and New Bedford, 94.5. Engines and power. — Table 24 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines and motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments report- ing. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 221,651 horsepower, or 18.9 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, a considerable portion of which was due to the increase in rented power. Although steam furnished the bulk of the power used, the use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has increased greatly during the decade, the proportion of sueh power having increased from 5.6 per cent in 1904 to 15.5 per cent in 1914. Table 24 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total . . .33,617 19,279 8,449 1,396,722 1,175,071 938,007 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned . 7,205 4,893 770 1,542 26,412 26,412 8,485 5,784 896 l,8a5 10,794 10,794 8,449 5,855 654 1,940 1,180,573 970,506 20,242 189,825 216,149 200,339 15,810 1,040,438 835,596 18,326 186,516 134,633 109,996 24,637 885,369 694,455 7,487 183,427 52,638 27,073 25,665 84.5 69.5 1.4 13.6 15.5 14.3 1.1 88.5 71.1 1.6 15.9 11.5 9.4 2.1 94.4 74.0 0.8 ■^atPr Whp^lRj t"rbi"PS ^Tirj rnntOT-s 19.6 Rented 5.6 (.■') 2.9 Other „. 2.7 Electric •- - 56,927 26,412 30,515 29,344 10,794 18,550 582,971 200,339 382,632 402, 492 109,9% 292,496 91,012 27,073 63,939 100.0 34.4 65.6 100.0 27.3 72.7 100.0 3,697 29.7 Generated by establishments reporting 70.3 1 Figures lor horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. _^ While the amount of electric power generated with- in the establishments where produced is greater than that of electric rented power, the proportion which it forms of the total electric power used has decreased from 70.3 per cent in 1904 to 65.6 per cent in 1914. The horsepower capacity of internal-combustion engines has increased greatly during the decade, though the proportion which siyjh power forms of the total is insignificant. The horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors shows only a slight increase from census to census. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 25 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for aU industries combined and for certain selected indus- tries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 35 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). All industries . Automobiles, including bodies and parts Belting, leather Blacking and cleansing and polishing preparations Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boots and shoes, rubber Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts : Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag 5, 048 Carriages and wagons and materials 867 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . . 20 Chemicals 3, 292 Clothing, men's, including shirts | 1, 393 I 664,428 1,814 174 322 20,994 7,207 1,162 8,338 31,497 7,758 1,268 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 5,506,406 7,751 7,380 1,661 96,551 41,330 5,404 14,008 15, 110 20,348 6,018 41,701 5,240 64,232 46,570 7,920 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). 2 343 493 32,089 245 30 71 4,554 9,782 13 844, 251 1,339 50 523 34 14,615 195 14 28 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 630,455 7,772 50 2,895 714 509 18,813 1,116 3,220 1,398 51,001 409 1,S01 96 2,999 4,629 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 621 Table 25— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Clothing, women's Conlectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Cotton goods, including cotton small wares , Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Electrical macMnpry, apparatus, and supplies Emery and other abrasive wheels Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified. . Foundry and machine-shop products .. Furniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Gas, illmninating and heating Hats, fur-telt ; Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolHng mills ■ Jewelry Lasts leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished . Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Uusical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Optical goods ._ Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . . Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Prtntmg and publishing Euhber goods, not elsewhere specified. Silk goods, including throwsters Silverware and plated ware Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves , Whips , Wool shoddy , Woolen, worsted, and felt goods All other industries Total for cities , Adams Amesbuey Aeungton ATTtEBOKO * BEVEELY 412 4,144 116 799 11,550 129, 299 7,034 1,496 4,909 767 17, 722 4,692 513 16,801 90 52 1,152 722 726 877 518 24, 176 5, 030 13,026 1,214 3,305 2,260 177 1,361 89,012 8,278 1,002 9,405 5,804 2,778 682 52,630 1,768 62 1,037 24, 279 121,632 561,758 10,032 759 467 923 716 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 674 16,409 2,494 4,127 39,358 1,004,328 26, 115 117, 165 10, 947 9,515 153, 685 15,915 1,112 546,118 3,301 13,864 36, 205 125, 184 7,898 3,837 870 106,311 9,450 69,455 19, 730 31,319 18, 789 10,635 5,972 458,974 22,328 2,359 24,803 58,763 9,171 9,699 5,843 6,053 1, 159 12, 664 635,624 1,466,960 4,629,299 39,059 6,709 4,443 30, 713 17,273 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in. eluding gasohne (bar- rels). 195 2,235 156 1,107 1,497 932 4,407 215 58,758 647 34 81, 595 1,068 204 1 682 2 85 389 353 2,'245 20 410 208 78 7,506 322 8,813 210,316 13 716 131 1,589 2,802 20 30 977 3,545 4,595 16, 102 18,402 2 41 45,041 .78 164 557,486 18 196 74 65,648 909 5 50 154 750 148 1,238 382 2,528 358 273 30 5 441 21 310 2,609 18 525 342 3 7,233 88,497 789,205 72 2,369 3,570 2,305 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 2,197 35, 742 13,823 16,156 9,727 50,431 6,268 2,634 68,134 1,752 1,742 450 1,810 2,528 6,018 7,430 10,691 1,032 3,352 355 721 1,664 2,652 8,285 492 36 146 687 2,443 124,822 171 1,459 8,887 I 512 850 103 10,615 134,478 591,900 287 1,028 141 8,096 3,713 INDUSTEY AND CITY. Boston Brockton Brookline Cambbidoe Chelsea Chicopee Clinton Dedham Everett Fall River. 1 FiTCHBUKG Framingham Gardner Gloucester Geeentield Haverhill.-. HOLYOKE Lawrence Leominster Lowell LYOTf... Malden Marlborough Medfobd Melbose Methuen Milfoed Natick New Bedford Newbueyport Newton North Adams North Attleborough, Northampton Peabody Pittsfield Plymouth QUINCY Revere Salem Somerville Southbeidgb Springfield Taunton Wakefield Waltham Wateetown Webster Westfield West Speingfield Weymouth Winchester Winthrop WOBITRN Worcester Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 60,909 12,040 315 33, 575 2,980 7,735 1,548 157 3,145 78, 127 5,965 7,110 630 1,143 1,629 16,799 20,933 2,947 8,802 3,816 1,746 3,706 401 2,101 2,664 952 834 24,932 1,933 905 47,749 193 12,951 23,298 3,014 2,785 2,799 77 11,235 48,240 474 13,678 14,848 494 2,834 1,797 1,293 1,256 13,693 818 8>330 36 1,380 25,141 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 410,976 35,951 635 151,618 35,934 57,795 32, 135 6,834 722, 892 346, 296 109,566 13,395 7,061 19, 999 3,783 27, 305 233,363 421, 982 20,406 261,072 116,177 41,652 5,767 7,377 2,107 31,470 9,312 2,397 311,338 17,131 14,712 44,828 8,899 10,824 71,652 79, 266 30,805 39,860 5,585 26,981 16,425 34,828 92,617 74,828 9,950 31,652 28,404 41,476 17,185 37,284 8,032 6,568 1,213 33, 177 301,325 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 90,173 1,084 46 9,295 7,989 1,692 206 11,326 1,309 1,580 3,562 1,113 484 227 3,747 2,376 2,777 4,750 12,290 608 28 172 138 103 602 S 3,251 481 801 527 296 516 872 1,287 630 901 73 641 4,518 51 4,744 5,248 1,189 1,714 1,649 4,351 109 195 284 72 500 9,478 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). 249, 198 20,446 36,713 316 9,634 2,095 7 16,902 31,599 12,228 211 1,649 3,722 2,976 20,430 IS, 776 4,971 3,175 1,997 46,664 34,474 3 31 11 275 97 31,631 850 227 6,402 648 4,416 240 13,810 299 3,515 134 5,730 23,114 3,264 41, 822 3,876 830 621 70 4,368 1,302 16 46 188 204 111,304 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 264, 319 3,255 1,584 18,441 20,524 2,154 2,649 20 6,550 19,519 3,768 2,228 570 1,583 1,687 9,607 10, 103 10,306 1,358 13, 477 9,292 11,389 3,639 566 187 176 1,192 10,567 1,310 1,646 2,989 4,022 531 755 30,636 193 8,188 648 3,098 3,690 918 17,, 047 14, 220 1,000 25,496 2,141 98 2,197 970 118 72 310 885 23,919 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special sciiedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Cer- tain data of this character for eight important indus- tries in Massachusetts are here presented, and also statistics for power laundries. Textiles. — Table 26 shows the relative importance of the different textile industries in Massachusetts as measured by value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 27 gives the number of spindles, looms, knit- ting machines, and other equipment reported for the different textile industries for .1914, i909s, and 1904. The spindles employed in the establisiltoefft^w^agefl in the manufacture of cordage and twine and jute and linen goods are not included in the table, because they are not directly comparable with those used in other textile mills. Table 26 Total. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares , Wool manufactures , Woolen, worsted, and felt goods.. Carpets and rugs, other than rag. . Cordage and twine and jute and linen goodis Hosiery and knit goods , Silk goods, includmg throwsters , Hats, fur-felt. VHemse^^ value of products. 1914 8390,892,695 197,322,111 141,329,858 130,348,514 10,981,344 23,280,246 17,419,077 10,676,681 864,722 1909 $383,342,687 186,462,313 153,477,015 140,665,034 12,811,981 15,979,115 14,736,025 8,942,246 3,745,873 1904 $272,782,213 130,068,982 109,027,873 99,513,895 9,713,978 114,262,808 10,094,897 7,012,062 2,315,591 Ixeludes one jute establishment, to avoid disclosure. 622 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 27 MACHINE. Cen- sus year. Total. Car- pets and rugs, other than rag. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Hosiery and knit goods. Silk goods, includ- ing throw- sters. Woolen, worsted, and lelt goods. Producing spindles . . . Looms 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12,288,683 10,815,478 9,653,585 261,219 263,929 223,757 10,209 7,741 6,728 1,467 1,519 1,708 918 703 497 58,074 53,244 42,464 1,474 1,778 1,367 10,565,801 9,377,984 8,411,249 228,857 234,249 200,192 158,952 163,248 124,580 10,209 7,741 6,715 28 36 39 122,156 99,699 57,419 3,279 2,717 1,610 1,383,700 1,121,303 917,873 27,609 Knitting machines . . . 25,185 20,588 1 13 Woolen cards (sets)... 53 80 80 "33 46 47 1,386 1,403 1,587 Wool combing ma- chines 885 667 450 The total number of producing spindles shows an increase of 1,473,205, or 13.6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914; the nunaber of knitting machines an increase of 2,468, or 31.9 per cent; and the number of combing machines an increase of 215, or 30.6 per cent. On the other hand, the number of looms decreased 2,710, or 1 per cent, and the sets of cards 52, or 3.4 per cent. All of the industries show increases during each five-year period in the number of spindles reported, with the exception of the knitting mills, which show a shght decrease during the later five-year period. The cotton miUs reported 86 per cent of the total number of spindles shown for the state in 1914. In addition to the number of spindles reported in connection with the census of manufactures, statistics of the number employed in all of the textile industries are reported monthly to the Bureau of the Census. The total number of cotton spindles m the state of Massachusetts for 1914, as compiled from these monthly reports, was 11,046,990, and of these 10,885,303 were active some portion of the year ending August 31. Cottoa goods, including cotton small wares. — In the foUowiag table the principal materials and products of cotton manufacture, which includes the production of cotton goods and cotton small wares, are shown by kind, quantity, cost, and value for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 28 1914 1909 1904 MATEEULS. Total cost $119,834,334 $105,156,794 $80,267,952 Cotton: Pounds 624,727,644 $89,326,563 576,617,532 $80,309,154 48,110,012 $9,017,409 17,886,518 $860,436 616, 943 $1, 774, 258 622,368,027 $77,738,315 578,316,382 $70,496,332 44,052,645 ■ $7,242,983 20,024,977 $1,100,785 W C) 489,989,585 Cost $62,232,818 467,110,958 $58,267,914 22,878,627 $3,964,904 15,186,313 $997,506 Domestic- Cost Foreign- Cost Cotton waste purchased: Pounds Cost Raw silk: Pounds Cost Table 28-Continued. 1914 i9oe 1904 MATEBiALS— continued. Yams, purchased: Cotton- Pounds.. 31,117,952 $9,284,324 (') (') 445, 732 $1,642,064 339,969 $160,672 $623,338 $1, 601, 767 $4,984,427 $9,776,486 $197,322,111 27,175,076 $8,279,665 872,303 $2,854,181 187,691 $802,763 844,271 $468,422 $471,045 $1,609,908 $4,041,092 $7,790,618 $186,462,313 18,048,019 $4,907,080 129,206 $466,747 40,745 $121,036 1,279,340 $509,794 $365,513 $1,697,589 $3,137,878 $6,842,991 $130,068,982 Cost Silk- Cost Spun silk- Pounds Cost AU other- Cost Starch, cost. . - Chemicals and dyestufls, cost All other materials, cost PEODUCIS. Total value... . Ducks: 36,818,899 $10,384,436 1,340,324,920 $65,014,658 129,379,233 $10,157,707 76,165,157 $7, 870, 079 383,934,804 $38,965,799 12,425,634 $1,690,223 129,409,623 $11,192,661 242,099,647 $26,082,915 8,010,211 $2, 054, 181 112,623,922 $38,784,313 7, 713, 857 $6,310,636 125,634,736 $6,793,957 $11,986,445 29,169,491 $5,988,828 1,230,679,320 $63, 028, 168 139,552,491 $10,753,018 123, 982, 755 $9,470,477 432,866,025 $46,164,902 17,088,244 $1,998,819 159,658,540 $14,889,807 256,119,241 $29,276,276 6, 109, 238 $1; 707, 507 108,930,860 $31,726,674 6,663,216 $6,286,750 115,907,265 $4,660,374 $7,687,616 14,486,473 $1,532,440 984,608,087 $46,450,883 70,831,304 $5,708,934 144,456,099 $ll,529,5Sl 342,153,330 Value Unbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and muslins: 2 Value........:;:::::":; Ginghams: Square yards Value Napped fabrics: Square yards. . . . Value. ::;;:;;;;;;; Fancy weaves, total: a Value $29,223,251 9,238,099 Drills- Value.......:;;;;;;;;;;;":"" $697,279 136,316,041 Twills, sateens, etc.— Square yards Value $9,676,474 1%, 600, 190 All other fancy weaves '— Square yards . Value $18,849,498 4,149,619 Velvets, corduroys, and plushes: $1,211,404 83,399,133 Yams, manufactured for sale: Value 821,363,138 4,717,974 Thread: Pounds.. Value $3,909,470 Cotton waste, for sale: 82,270,060 Value . .. $3,814,247 $6,326,664 1 Not reported separately. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2 The figures for these fabrics represent the combined quantities and values of those designated at prior censuses as "plain cloths for printing and converting" and "brown or bleached sheetings and shirtings." 3 Does not include fancy-woven ginghams, napped fabrics or bleached and unbleached sheetings. The quantity of raw cotton used in cotton manu- factures in 1914 was 27.5 per cent more than was con- sumed in 1904. Of the amount consumed in 1914, 92.3 per cent was domestic and 7.7 per cent foreign. Purchased cotton yarns used increased 72.4 per cent in quantity and 89.2 per cent in cost during the dec- ade. The cost of yam is largely duphcated in gross value of products, as the yarns purchased for materials by some nulls are those produced for sale by others. The total value of products increased froni $130,- 068,982 in 1904 to $197,322,111 in 1914, or 51.7 per cent. Unbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and muslins show a steady increase in both quantity and value from census to census. There were also increases in the production of ducks, ginghams, and the fancy weaves during the decade. Napped fabrics, and twills, sateens, etc., decreased from 1904 to 1914. Yarns made for sale increased from 83,399,133 pounds in 1904 to 112,623,922 pounds in 1914. MANU¥ACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 62S Wool manufactures. — ^Table 29 shows in detail, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantities and cost of ma- terials used in wool manufactures and the quantities and values of the principal products. Table 29 Total cost . Wool: In condition purchased— Pounds Cost Foreign- Pounds Cost Domestic- Pounds , Cost Equivalent In scoured condition (pounds) Cotton: Pounds Cost Domestic — Pounds Cost Foreign- Pounds Cost Animal hair: Pounds , Cost Eecovered wool fiber: Pounds , Cost Wool and other noils and wool waste: Pounds Cost .....r. Tops, purchased: Founds Cost Yarns, purchased: Pounds. Cost Woolen- Pounds Cost Worsted- Founds Cost Merino (cotton-mixed) — Pounds Cost Cotton — Pounds Cost Silk- Founds . Cost Spun silk- Pounds Cost Linen— Poimds Cost Jute, ramie, and other vegetable fiber- Pounds Cost 1914 Chemicals and dyestufls, cost. Fuel and rent of power, cost. . All other materials, cost PKODUCTS. Total value. All-wool woven goods: Square yards Value Woolen suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods — " Square yards Value Worsted suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods- Square yards Value All other — Square yards Value Union or cotton-mixed woven goods: Square yards Value '. Suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods- Square yards Value All other— Squareyards Value Cotton-warp woven goods: Square yards Value $89,745,703 165,039,667 $40,325,696 79,690,137 $20,302,783 85,349,530 $20,022,913 99,914,078 10,814,793 $1,263,958 8,930,581 $960,836 1,884,212 $303,122 5,399,163 $1,710,701 5,853,328 $692,537 10,959,863 $2,657,705 9,110,710 84,974,310 44,334,079 $22,026,410 3,986,066 $1,086,094 19,458,214 $15,324,771 190,469 $50,849 14,764,361 $4,222,281 112,345 $386,029 88,871 $271,478 944, 122 $183,600 4,789,631 $502,408 $3,931,653 $3,218,639 $8,944,094 $141,329,858 1909 $94,797,715 114,830,218 $72,163,336 27,485,439 $18,441,023 $53,172,690 958, 129 $549,623 18,264,936 $6,143,131 11,962,150 $4,319,854 6,302,786 $1,823,277 87,653,109 $19,504,230 167,993,961 $47,193,010 71,725,674 $21,628,685 96,268,287 $25,664,325 108,243,103 10,143,678 $1,237,820 9,253,389 $1,086,397 $151,423 3,876,452 $1,100,038 3,687,530 $647,990 9,996,811 $2,692,110 6,039,116 $3,461,319 46,077,736 $24,461,745 1,534,135 $268,683 21,470,242 $18,923,644 33, 115 $6,623 15,425,293 $4,212,147 30,629 $126,330 74,332 $240,174 1,195,599 $216,556 6,314,491 $468,588 $3,466,569 $2,583,808 $8,053,306 $153,477,015 109,221,437 $78,873,571 29,366,745 $19,025,840 78,424,778 $59,079,587 1,429,914 $768,144 10,236,836 $3,332,690 6,405,030 $2,538,174 3,831,806 $794,516 104,303,227 $24,858,337 1904 $69,480,203 139,798,692 $36,608,293 47,791,820 $12,699,745 92,006,872 $23,808,548 83,817,768 9,866,972 $1,306,313 8,588,933 $1,133,820 1,268,039 $172,493 4,847,564 $1,242,051 8,398,940 $1,030,990 8,935,753 $2,314,666 2,999,927 $1,606,067 32,266,466 $13,249,978 1,402,016 $669,314 11,130,612 $8,168,150 157, 881 $49,608 12,766,599 $3,215,052 57,979 $260,677 88,694 $295,374 1,588,434 $255, 555 5,084,250 $346,348 $2,852,975 $1,933,173 $7,436,697 $109,027,873 85,615,420 $63,601,910 48,896,960 $26,161,107 34,074,137 $27,463,600 2,644,323 $977,203 13,401,999 $5,193,788 10,404,973 $4,636,226 2,997,026 $657,562 87,766,935 $21,834,123 Table 29— Continued. PEODUCTS— continued. Cotton-warp woven goods — Con. Woolen-filling auliings, overcoat- ings, and dress goods-- Square yards Value Worsted-fllUng suitings, over- coatings, and dress goods- Square yards Value Satinets and linseys— Square yards Value Domett flannels and shirtings — Square yards Value All other — Square yards Value Carpets and rugs: Square yards Value Carpets — Square yards Value Bugs- Square yards Value Felt goods: Felt cloths — Square yards Value Boot and shoe linings — Square yards Value All other, value Woolen yarn: Poimds Value Union or merino yarn: Pounds Value Worsted yarn and tops: Pounds Value Mohair and other yarns: Pounds Value Waste, lor sale: Pounds Value Noils, tor sale: Pounds Value All other products, value Work for others on contract, value. 1914 22,818,252 $5,189,915 26,075,033 $5,228,443 6,857,360 $1,171,708 . 2,882,803 $459,888 29,019,661 $7,454,276 9,479,715 $10,482,775 6,660,067 $8,999,573 3,819,648 $1,483,202 0) (') 2,149,909 $1,024,256 $2,124,812 1,936,411 $662,383 1,958,912 $1,511,984 29,639,383 ;30,429,666 1,992,406 $953,124 10,997,976 $981, 282 10,955,313 $3,133,490 $795,459 $1,419,930 1909 22,610,651 $5,375,123 58,750,120 $13,373,680 4,120,737 $606,202 794,799 $136,605 18,026,920 $5,366,727 10,236,887 $12,160,257 7,496,772 $10,358,191 2,740,115 $1,802,066 2,062,534 $480,838 1,444,978 $409,915 $1,500,746 1,161,773 $456,448 1,283,261 $1,043,693 26,591,701 $22,438,097 1,811,285 $662,018 8,387,654 $774, 165 11, 250, 153 $3,655,975 $1,382,882 $1,448,393 1904 14,876,609 $4,678,046 37,564,031 $9,319,264 17, 569, 146 $3,213,469 1,719,849 $426,274 16,047,400 $4,297,080 8,434,467 $9,260,089 6,760,652 $7,192,080 1,673,915 $2,068,009 2,193,203 $1,062,421 2,646,811 $701,101 $882,381 1,553,033 $799,941 743,771 $498,056 15,850,648 $10,310,734 868,437 $684,483 5,762,271 $818,838 5,244,593 $1,517,014 $1,480,668 $482,326 1 Combined with "all other felt goods tions. ' to avoid disclosure of individual operar Of the 189 establishments reported at the census of 1909 as engaged^ in the manufacture of woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and carpets and rugs, 154 manufactured these goods in 1914, 35 having discon- tinued operations, or so changed their products that they were assigned to some other industry. Of the 154 mills engaged ia wool manufactures at each census, 82 reported a decrease in value of products in 1914 as compared with 1909. Several, establishments closed down entirely during a portion of the year 1914. There were only 2 establishments reported in 1914 and 1904 as engaged in the manufacture of wool hats, and, therefore, data for this branch of wool manufactures are not included. The total value of products for the industry as a whole shows an increase of 29.6 per cent for the decade, but a decrease of 7.9 per cent during the later five- year period. This decrease in total value of products is accompanied by a decrease in the value reported for the more important items shown in the table, with the exception of union or cotton-mixed woven goods, which increased in both quantity and value, 78.4 per cent and 84.3 per cent, respectively. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 624 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. The most pronounced decline in the products of wool manufactures from 1909 to 1914 was in cotton- warp woven goods, the decrease in the quantity of these fabrics being even greater than in value. On the other hand, the all-wool woven goods showed an increase in quantity and a decrease in value. In the production of woolen and worsted goods, Massachusetts far outranked any other state, report- ing a value for these goods more than twice as great as that for the state next in rank, and equal to one- third of that reported fot the entire coimtry. It ranked second among the states in the production of felt goods, and third in carpets and rugs. Hosiery and knit goods. — Table 30 shows for this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantities and cost of materials used and the quantities and values of products made. 'Table 30 Total cost.. Cotton: Pounds ^ Cost — Domestin— Pounds Cost Foreign- Pounds Cost Wool (in condition purchased): Pounds Cost Recovered wool fiber: Pounds Cost Wool waste and noils: Pounds Cost Yams, purchased: Pounds Cost Cotton- Pounds Cost '. Woolen — Pounds Cost Worsted- Pounds Cost Merino- Pounds Cost Spun sUlj— Pounds Cost Artificial silk — Pounds Cost All other- Pounds Cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost. Fuel and rent of power, cost. . All other materials, cost yams made in mill for use therein: . Cotton, pounds Woolen, pounds Worsted, pounds Merino, pounds PEODUCTS. Total value Dozen pairs Value Cotton — Dozen pairs Value Silk and silk-mixed - Dozen pairs Value All other — Dozen pairs Value 1914 $9,266,671 13, 914, 900 $1, 926, 119 13,598,664 $1,873,262 316, 236 $52,867 313, 877 $154, 499 226,555 $25,568 442, 225 $141,394 9, 698, 139 $4,894,894 7,325,269 $2, 442, 240 123,022 $75, 254 1,357,338 51,084,700 558, 104 $294, 263 180, 060 $718,503 129, 254 $251, 447 25,092 $28,487 $221,397 $234,091 $1,668,709 8,677,894 424, 474 748, 670 $17,419,077 4,528,469 $5,695,684 3, 791, 779 $3,640,884 513,401 $1, 845, 246 223,289 $309,554 1909 $6,971,606 16,459,063 $1,912,046 16,034,818 $1,843,846 424,236 $68,200 440,374 $195,677 269, 443 $34,382 271,388 $107,839 8, 295, 153 $3,359,779 6, 963, 775 $1, 771, 206 113,368 $87, 798 619, 140 $638,014 466, 747 $476, 769 124, 715 $369, 777 P) C) 7,408 $17,215 $242,632 $174,846 $944,605 13,467,586 254,000 128,000 600,616 $14,736,025 4, 606, 960 $4,780,351 4,280,266 $3,734,618 63, 762 $765, 144 162,932 $280,589 1901 $5,020,770 12, 643, 679 $1, 445, 852 12,380,800 $1,400,173 262,879 $45,679 1,505,141 $391,463 284,974 $40,993 301,645 $99,908 4, 636, 801 $1,966,254 3,711,210 $1,014,714 80, 380 $57, 192 736,826 $672, 606 53, 706 $40,464 53, 679 $181, 278 $155,419 $140,226 $780,655 0) $10,094,897 2,790,860 $2,869,037 2,656,261 (') h (') (') Digitized by Table 30— Continued. 1914 1909 1901 PBODTTCTS— continued. Shirts and drawers: Dozens 1,354,538 $5,034,294 1, 142, 782 $3,408,500 145,781 $957,713 32,314 $303,731 33,661 $364,360 408,445 $3,279,212 238,256 $1,695,784 82,990 $851,778 21,972 $383,956 65,227 $347,694 6,328 $69,432 24,932 $46,764 94,867 $1,394,263 3,328,625 $744,294 $1,155,134 1,667,482 $6,080,617 1, 416, 227 $4,257,591 182,903 $1,206,786 33,998 $208,184 35,364 $407,957 183,175 $2,011,791 100,024 $861,787 74,643 $968,915 8,108 $173,089 400 $8,000 27,829 $61,156 40,644 $718,562 1,4517711 $272,653 $820,995 1,253,170 $4,268,233 1,^098,633 44,729 (') 2,995 « 106,813 (') 123,144 $1,172,612 63,825 0) ^,24,609 ?] Value Cotton- Dozens... Value Merino- Dozens ~Value Silk and silk-mixed— Value... . All other- Dozens Value Combination suits: Value Cotton— Dn7RTIS , Merino- Value . Silk and silk-mixed— Dozens.... All other- Value Bathtag suits: Dozens Value Gloves and mittens: 62,840 $108,991 15,023 Value... Cardigan jackets, sweaters, etc.: Dozens Value -■ $300,899 1,255,273 Cotton yam made for sale: Value $266,500 $1,108,725 I Figures not available. The principal material used in the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods in 1914 was cotton, and both raw cotton and cotton yarn were purchased in large quantities. From the raw cotton used there were made 12,006,519 pounds of cotton yarn, of which 8,677,894 pounds were produced in the establishment for use therein, and 3,328,625 pounds were made for sale. Since the yarn made for sale is largely used by other knitting mills, its value, $744,294, constitutes a duplication in the total cost of materials and gross value of products. Almost twice as much purchased cotton yarn was used in 1914 as in 1904. Of the total cotton yarn used in the industry, a much larger per- centage was purchased as such in 1914 than at pre- vious censuses. Less than half as much raw wool, recovered wool fiber, and wool waste and noils were used in 1914 as ten years before, but this was partially offset by a large increase in the quantity of purchased woolen, worsted, and merino yarns used. Of the total value of products, the value of hosiery represented the largest percentage, 32.7; that of shirts and drawers constituted 28.9 per cent; and that of combination suits, 18.8 per cent. For the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a^very slight increase in the quantity of hosiery manufactured, but the increase in value amounted to $915,333, or 19.2 per cent. This was due to a very great increase in the quantity of silk and silk-mixed hosiery pro- IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 625 duced. There was a decrease from 1909 to 1914 in both the quantity and the value of shirts and drawers. Combination suits, however, show an increase of 123 per cent in quantity and 63 per cent in value. Car- digan jackets, sweaters, etc., showed iucreases of 134 per cent in quantity and 94 per cent in value. Boots and shoes. — In 1914 Massachusetts ranked first among the states in the manufacture of boots and shoes, 39.4 per cent of the entire production of the industry in the United States being manufactured ia this state, a sUghtly smaller proportion than in 1909, when it was 41 .4 per cent. The following table shows the' number of pairs of the variou^ kinds of boots, shoes, and shppers manu- factured in Massachusetts in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 31 KIND. NTJMBEK OF PAIRS. 1914 1909 1904 98,009,176 44,750,716 8,318,252 32,295,781 12,644,427 11,799,512 3,061,796 8,737,736 3,109,511 2,306,164 102, 826, 648 45,155,939 9,019,124 36,778,432 11,873,153 10,155,324 3,369,808 6,785,516 3,610,576 1,417,378 93,546,297 44,878,920 8,439,461 Women's 28,190,958 12,036,958 12,069,160 ^iRR(^«' ftTiii|(lr«"'R 3,549,189 8,519,971 Women's, misses', and children's . . . Infants' shoes and slippers All other Idnds of footwear. 1,644,419 ■ Not reported separately. Of the total number of men's boots and shoes manu- factured ia the United States in 1914, 45.6 per cent were produced ia Massachusetts; the corresponding figure for 1909 was.48.1 per cent. The proportion of women's boots and shoes forms 39.9 per cent of the total production in 1914 and 42.5 per cent in 1909. Table 32 shows the various kinds of footwear pro- duced in 1914 and 1909, classified according to the method of manufacture. Table 32 KIND. Boots and shoes Men's Boys' and youths' Women's Misses' and chil- dren's. Slippers Men's, boys', and youths'. Women's^ misses', and children's. Infants' shoes and slippers. All other footwear . . Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1919 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 NUMBER OF PAIRS, DY METHOD OF MANUFACTDRE. Total. 98,009,176 102,826,648 44,750,716 46,155,939 8,318,252 9,019,124 32,295,781 36,778,432 12,644,427 11,873,153 11,799,532 10,155,324 3,061,798 3,369,808 8,737,736 6,785,516 3,109,511 3,610,576 2,306,164 1,417,378 Welted. 47,023,877 41,486,895 33,052,320 27,994,422 1,672,616 1,548,486 9,667,796 10,867,921 2,631,145 1,076,066 565,673 427,464 509,269 138, 209 477,811 580,551 (») 435,097 Turned. 10,547,357 9,616,918 461,750 384,108 (') 8,779,641 7,601,247 1,306,966 1,630,.''"" 6,824,978 6,276,409 1,472,349 1,540,032 5,352,629 3,736,377 1,969,950 2,376,013 1,742,300 836,216, McKay. 32,597,338 38,947,521 5,588,227 8,106,707 5,377,545 5,354,449 13,322,750 16,976,900 8,308,816 8,509,465 4,189,516 4,186,149 1,313,678 1,286,219 2,875,838 2,898,r" 661,750 638,257 563,864 139,314 Wood or metal fastened. 7,840,604 12,776,314 5,648,419 8,670,702 1,268,091 2,116,189 525,594 1,332,364 398,500 657,059 275,769 128,093 275,769 116,093 12,000 15,755 "6,'75i 1 Included in "all other footwear." ' Included with "wood or metal fastened." 3 Included with "McKay." Of the boots and shoes produced in this state, nearly one-half, or 48 per cent, were of the welted type and 33.3 per cent McKay. For the turned and the wood or metal-fastened groups the percentages were 10.8 and 8, respectively. The corresponding per- centages for these groups in 1909 were 40.3 welted, 37.9 McKay, 9.4 turned, and 12.4 wood or metal fastened. Comparing the two census periods, it is foimd that the proportion of welted and turned types increased, while the proportion for the two pther groups decreased. The totals -for the United St,ates also show ■ a larger proportion for the welted and turned groups in 1914 than in 1909. By far the largest portion of the men's boots and shoes, 73.9 per cent, were made by the welted method, while the largest percentages of boys' and youths', women's, and misses' and children's were McKay, being 64.6, 41.3, and 65.7 per cent, respectively. Printing and publishing. — While the printing and pubhshing iadustry in Massachusetts shows consider- able growth during the last five years, the increase ia circulation is less than in the earher semidecade. In number of pubHcations there was a decided in- crease, 95, or 17.7 per cent. The followiag table shows the number of the diflfer- ent classes of newspapers and periodicals pubhshed in the state and their aggregate circulation per issue for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 33 PERIOD OF ISSUE. ' Total Daily Sunday Semlweekly and triweekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly. AH other classes NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 632 93 21 10 322 118 44 24 637 86 15 8 271 107 31 19 16 5 309 117 27 12 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 10,072,651 2,060,343 1,271,4S3 26,550 2,552,499 2, 153, 439 1,361,467 646,900 1909 9,636,182 1,765,690 1,122,049 23,225 1,911,486 2,789,666 1,401,844 622,223 1904 9,079,506 1,463,263 926,441 38,025 1,445,984 4,374,209 445,581 396,003 The weekly pubHcations form the largest class in number, as well as in circulation, although the month- Hes, and also the daiMes, almost equaled the weeklies in circulation. 'From 1909 to 1914 every class of pub- hcation shows an increase in number, and all, with the exception of the monthlies and quarterhes, an increase in circulation. The largest increase was shown by the weekhes, 641,013, or 33.5 percent. The daihes in- creased 294,653, or 16.7 per cent, the Sunday papers, 149,404, or 13.3 per cent, and the semiweekhes and triweekhes, 3,325, or 14.3 per cent. In 1914, 75 of the 93 daily papers, with an aggregate circulation of 1,266,940, were eveniag editions. Of the foreign daily and Sunday papers, all but one, a Finnish paper, were in the French language. The semiweeklies and triweeklies included one semiweekly each in Armenian, Finnish, French, and Lettish, and one 82101°— 18- -43 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 626 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. triweeklyin Armenian. The weeklies were: 7iaFrench, 7 in Grerman, 2 in Greek, 3 in Italian, 2 in Lithuanian, 2 in Polish, 6 in Portuguese, 4 ia Swedish, 1 in Yiddish, and 1 in Enghsh and Yiddish. The monthlies con- sisted of 1 in Esperanto, 1 ia Finnish, 2 in German, 1 ia Greek, and 1 in Swedish. The "all other classes" included 1 pubhcation in German and 1 in Lettish. Both the Enghsh and foreign pubhcations as a whole increased in circulation as well as in number during the semidecade, the most marked increase being in the foreign circulation, 229,774, or 61.3 per cent. Table 34 shows the number and circulation of the various classes of pubhcations in Enghsh and in foreign languages, reported in 1914 and 1909: Xable 34 Cen- sus year. TOTAL. IN ENGLISH. IN rOKEIGN LANGUAGES. PEBIOD OP ISSUE Num- ber. Aggregate circulation per issue. Num- ber. Aggregate circulation per issue. Num- ber. Aggre- gate cir- culation per issue. Total 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 632 537 10,072,651 9,636,182 575 490 9.467,839 9,261,144 57 47 604, 812 375,038 Daily and Sunday . . SemiweeUy and tri- weekly. Weekly 114 101 10 8 322 271 118 '101 68 56 3,331,796 2,887,739 26,550 23,225 2,552,499 1,911,486 2,153,439 2,744,183 2,008,367 2,069,549 107 96 5 3 287 242 112 101 64 48 3,299,249 2,871,539 13,050 9,725 2,418,757 1,817,380 2,122,266 2,744,183 1,614,517 1,818,317 7 5 5 5 35 29 6 m i 8 32,547 16,200 13,500 13,500 133, 742 Ifonthly 94,106 31, 173 All other classes 393,850 251,232 > Does not include monthly publications issued in foreign languages. * Included in "all other classes," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^The following table shows for the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, for the census periods 1914, 1909, and 1904, the kind, number, and cost of the animals slaughtered; the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compounds and substitutes, oleo oil, and stearin; and the cost of ''all other materials," which includes curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, ice, containers, mill supplies, fuel, rent of power, and freight; and the quantities and values of the various products manufactured, except canned-meat products, lard compounds and substitutes, oleo and other oils, soap stock, and wool, which are included in "all other products," to avoid the disclosure of individual operations. These figures do not include establish- ments engaged exclusively in the manufacture of sausage. The growth of the industry was much more rapid from 1909 to 1914 than during the previous census period. The cost of materials increased $7,944,203, or 21.2 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, and $4,241,403, or 12.8 per cent, from 1904 to 1909, and the value of products during these periods increased in about the same proportion as that shown for materials. The cost of animals slaughtered from 1909 to 1914 increased in a much greater proportion than th^J/n^^igi^t)^ animals. This is very marked in the case of calves and hogs, which actually decreased in number and increased in cost. This condition is also noticeable in the quantity and value of the various products, the increase in quantity not having kept pace with the increase in value. Table 35 MATERIALS. Total cost. Animals slaughtered: Beeves — Number Cost Calves— > Number Cost Sheep and lambs- Number Cost Number. Cost Dressed meat purchased lor curing, cost All other materials, cost Total value. Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds Value Veal- Founds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value.". Edible offal and all other fresh meat^ Pounds Value Cured meat; Beef, pickled, and other cured — Pounds Value Pork, pickled, and other cured— Pounds Value Pounds Value Lard: Pounds Value Tallow and oleo stock: Pounds Value Stearin: Pounds Value Sausage casings: Pounds Value Fertilizer materials: Tons Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Pounds Value CaU— Number Pounds Value Sheep — Number, • Value.- All other products, value. 1914 $45,428,! 79,615 S4, 630, 253 115, 724 $1,135,673 370.835 $2,085,790 1, 263, 238 $26,854,736 $7, 008, 734 $3, 713, 153 $51,724,520 39, 464, 297 $4,282,617 7,966,636 $1,042,344 14, 715, 201 $1,883,045 80, 977, 605 $11,185,062 4,837,606 $309, 785 6, 804, 751 $1,078,836 119,834,341 $16,541,132 27,854,557 $4, 289, 953 66,849,628 $7,226,817 2 1, 276. 789 2 $69, 109 1, 015, 017 $81, 550 559, 808 $173, 453 2,380 $78,423 79, 615 4, 487, 917 $719, 169 107,324 970,055 $210,394 370, 835 $135,327 $2,417,504 1909 $37, 484, 136 62,900 $3,376,319 129, 162 $854,275 342,491 $1,730,127 1,501,456 $25,048,740 '$3,840,997 $2,633,678 $42,631,499 34,589,397 $2,865,011 8,317,482 $801, 055 13,346,470 $1,538,054 66,468,331 $7, 956, 169 1,290,842 $81,814 4,745,224 $605,657 122,689,181 $15,044,381 23, 074, 968 $2,357,348 60,840,711 $7, 159, 116 2,775,149 $172,280 1,138,765 $117,327 h 8,441 $229,019 191,837 4,672,435 $686,312 341,956 $190, 214 $2,727,742 1904 $33,242,733 68,103 $3,141,989 88,651 $643,262 ' 418,680 $1,826,403 1,549,365 $21,468,261 $5,106,112 $1,056,706 $37,098,602 40,510,084 $2,803,289 6,601,707 $585,981 16,916,035 $1,502,370 82,117,964 $7,314,614 1,000 $40 2,294,690 $116,071 167,090,994 $14,414,435 17,501,829 $1,436,539 84,617,813 $6,393,846 h h 8 3,684 $88,632 154,654 6.149,456 $577,075 423,080 $144,222 $1,722,387 • Includes cost of all other animals. ' No oleo stock reported in 1914. ' Included in "all other products." Of the 46 estabhshments reported for the industry as a whole in 1914, 7 were engaged in both slaughtering and meat packing, 8 in meat packing only, and 31 ia slaughtering only. The value of the output of these three branches represented 72.7 per cent, 8.8 per cent, cent, respectively, of the total for the combined industry. MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 627 leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Table 36 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantity and cost of the different kinds of materials used, and the quan- tity and value of the principal products reported for this industry. For the purpose of comparison, upper, fancy, glove, patent, bookbinders', and chamois leather are classed under the kind of skins used in their manufacture. Table 36 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. Total cost $33,194,061 $28,765,608 $23,040,897 Cattle bides: 764,636 $5,205,907 5,630,003' $11,039,546 5,137,413 $3,343,748 16,912,063 $7,297,749 $428,889 $852,156 $615,959 $4,410,107 $45,265,434 1,251,036 $6,603,898 5,439,226 $7,910,409 6,299,952 $3,935,024 8,730,684 $3,277,748 $129,705 $2,018,080/ $607,623 $4,283,121 $40,002,079 1,126,634 $4,789,002 4,009,400 $4,673,907 7,493,124 $3,987,947 8,429,136 Cost Skins: Calf and lap— Cost . Goat and Idd— Number Cost Sheep and lamb- Cost $3,188,877 $36,632 $1,893,843 $342,178 $4,128,511 $33,3.52,999 Purchased rough leather used, cost . . Fuel and rent of power, cost . . PKODUCTS. Total value Leather: Cattle side upper (other than patent)— Sides 989,809 $2,810,363 5,549,931 $13,276,767 4,483,286 $4,257,801 16,032,940 $9,617,000 $.357,829 $7,294,828 $2,068,790 $5,582,056 • 1,509,748 $4,174,700 5,457,771 $10,967,162 5,837,401 $4,852,505 8,162,771 $4,254,219 $442,439 $9,042,301 $1,499,595 $4,769,157 1,881,547 $4,180,031 4,041,330 $7,463,088 6,878,955 $6,277,991 6,892,980 $3,900,146 $179,152 $6,773,052 $2,851,199 $2,728,340 Value Calf and kip sldna— NnTnhp,r , . Value Goat and kid skins— Value Sheep and lamb skins— Value ■ All other leather, value . . All other products, value Work on materials for others, value. . There was a decrease in the number of hides reported of 486,400, or 63.6 per cent, for the period 1909-1914. The number of hides treated during 1914 formed but 4.4 per cent of the total reported for the United States, and in 1909, 6.8 per cent. On the other hand, in 1914, 35 per cent, and in 1909, 27.6 per cent of the calf and kip skins tanned in the United States were treated in the Massachusetts tanneries, while the proportion for goat and kid skins was 13.6 per cent in 1914, and 13.1 per cent in 1909, and for sheep and lamb skins 42.2 per cent and 33.5 per cent, respectively. The num^ber of skins reported also shows an increase over previous censuses. This increase was mainly in sheep and lamb skins, though calf and kip skins show an increase. There was, however, a large decrease in goat and kid skins. In 1914 the value of products of this industry in Massachusetts, $45,265,434, represented. 12.3 per cent of the total shown for the industry in the United States. The corresponding percentages for 1909, 1904, and 1899 were 12.2, 13.2, and 12.8, respectively. "AU other leather" includes patent leather made from 1,018,744 cattle sides, valued at $3,940,053; Digitized by 1,773,507 finished spMts, valued at $2,169,696; and other leather, including, case, bag, and strap, belting, and sole leather, to the value of $1,185,079. The amount received for tanning, currying, or fin- ishing for others was 17 per cent greater ia 1914 than in 1909 and 104.6 per cent greater than in 1904. Table 37 gives, for 1914, the quantities and values for a number of products of the leather industry for which separate statistics were not compiled at prior censuses. Table 37 Upper leather Calf and kip Goat and kid Sheep and lamb Cabretta and kangaroo Patent leather Cattle Calf, goat, and sheep All other Fancy leather Calf and goat Sheep and lamb Finished splits Whole side splits Butt splits Case, bag, and strap; glove; upper, horse; bookbmders'; and chamois leather Unit. Skins. Skins . Skins. Skins. Sides.. Skins. Skins. Skins. Butts. Quantity. 5,058,153 2,309.320 10,030,330 169,750 1,018,744 2,279,225 308, 107 972,432 1,764,971 8,636 Value. $20,777,166 12,322,305 1,881,982 6,321,549 251,330 6,302,820 3,940,053 ■2,326,161 36,606 1,451,869 481,596 970,273 2,169,696 2,164,119 5,577 1,285,825 Table 38 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantity and estimated value after treatment of hides, skins, and sphts tanned, currie^, or finished, for others, who were not tanners, curriers, or finishers, by the estabhshments engaged in this industry in Massa- chusetts. * ''»'»'« 38 ,^ 1914 1909 1904 Total estimated value of stock $20,185,016 $13,324,293 $10,091,036 Hides tanned: NllTTlhor 105,701 $1,014,429 4,846,137 .. $4,260,312 90,591 $647,084 1,315,017 $761,784 1,115,217 $4,312,216 740,889 $936,778 9,818,397 $6,666,431 218, 377 $1,332,870 3,459,516 $1,808,814 1,070 387 Skins taimed: Number Curried or finished: Sides— NnmhAr 1,817,359 $7,612,109 1,219,191 $903,787 8,378,063 $6,494,379 $2,701,279 336,988 Splits- Estimated value $394,666 6,290,135 $3,853,407 Skins- Number The total estimated value of stock after treatment increased by $6,860,723, or 51.5 per cent, during the five-year period 1909-1914. The number, both of hides and skins tanned in 1914, was greater than in 1909, and increases are shown in the number of sides and splits curried and finished. Paper and wood pulp. — This industry in Massachu- setts consists almost entirely in the manufacture of paper, only one estabhshment producing wood pulp for sale and three manufacturing it for their own use. The following table gives the quantities and cost of materials used, the quantities and values of the principal products, and detailed information regarding equipment, for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. IVIicrosoft® 628 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 39 1914 1909 1904 MATEBIALS. Total cost „. $26,610,748 $22,349,613 $17,946,726 Pulp wood: Cords 45,242 $332,908 181,267 $8,702,013 11,343 $328,930 44,102 $1,979,288 113,036 $5,823,339 12,786 $570,456 79,307 $5,181,974 137,716 $2,375,667 15,424 $672,480 $2,721,645 $6,624,061 $43,352,545 $357,888 143,905 $6,762,838 12,191 $277,421 38,434 $1,731,456 91,103 $4,654,074 2,177 $99,887 93,558 $4,859,936 106,216 $1,861,709 17,515 $660,065 $2,331,897 $5,515,280 $40,096,713 46 998 Cost $338,044 120,937 $5,048,371 14,980 Wood pulp, purchased, total: Tons Cost .. Ground — Tons Cost $302,997 39,991 $1,712,642 63,313 Soda fiber- Tons . Cost Sulphite fiber- Tons Cost $2,908,553 2,653 $124,179 99,468 $4,837,815 60,424 $1,009,927 14,339 $437,761 $1,815,681 $4,459,127 $32,012,247 Sulphate fiber 2— Tons Eags, including cotton and flax waste Tons Cost Old and waste paper; Tons Cost Manila stock, including jute bagging, rope, waste, threads, etc.: Tons Cost AH other materials, cost PSODUCTS. Total value Book, cover, plate, and coated paper: Tons 150,372 $13,189,216 86,876 $17,879,504 13,848 $1,685,619 59,157 $2,196,686 $8,401,520 160 1,118 43 550 17 10 33,556 497,520 125,269 $10,500,994 89,595 $17,438,568 16,362 $1,900,385 53,233 $2,065,865 $8,190,901 150 920 65 454 17 11 24,401 410,536 100,004 $8,079,720 80,775 $14,971,411 16,150 $1,417,915 27,020 $1,338,346 $6,204,855 157 Value Writing and other fine paper: Tons Value Wrapping paper: Value .... Boards: Tons.. Value EQUIPMENT. Paper machines: Cylinder- 862 44 Capacity, tons, 24 hours 264 17 18 Yearly capacity of mills in paper, tons 31,110 331,680 1 Not reported. 2 Reported in 1909 and 1904 as "other chemical fiber." Wood pulp was the principal material used in 1914. Rags, including cotton waste and sweepings, was next in importance in value, although greatly exceeded in tonnage by old or waste paper. There was, however, a decided decrease in the quantity of rags used in 1914 as compared with 1904 and 1909. On the other hand, the quantity of old or waste paper used in 1914 was more than twice as great as that reported for 1904. Of the different kinds of wood pulp used at the last census, sulphite fiber was the most important. The item " all other materials," which amounted to $6,624,- 061 in 1914, includes the cost of chemicals, sizing, dye- stuffs, clay, freight, and null supplies. Writing and other fine paper were the principal products of the industry in the state at each census, forming 41.2 per cent of thcstotal value of aU products in 1914.' Book paper was the next in importance, rep- resenting 30.4 per cent of all products at the last cen- sus. In 1914 Massachusetts produced 35.1 per cent of the total quantity of fine paper manufactured in the United States. In 1909 the corresponding proportion was 45.2 per cent and in 1904, 55 per cent. The pro- duction of wrapping paper decreased in quantity in 1914 as compared with 1909 and 1904, although the value for the last census year shows a small increase over 1904. To avoid disclosing the data reported by individual establishments, it was necessary to include the value of news paper, hanging paper, tissues, card- board, bristol board, card middles, etc., blotting paper, and wood pulp produced for sale in the item " aU other products." laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for aU manufacturing industries. Table 40, however, siun- marizes these statistics for Massachusetts for 1914 and 1909. Table 40 Number of establishments Persons engaged .^ Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees . .-. Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Sa&ries .and wages. Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEK LAUNDBIZa. Number or amount. 1914 391 8,861 404 686 7,771 11,382 $4, 695, 798 4,434,869 713, 460 3, 721, 409 69, 706 275,427 1,391,900 8,661,830 1909 6,655 313 384 6,958 6,802 951, 025 918,919 336,326 582,693 26, 157 166,365 903,845 754,572 Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 33.1 29.1 78.6 30.4 67.3 69.1 51.9 112.1 44.1 128.3 66.6 54.0 50.5 In 1914 Massachusetts ranked fifth among the states in ainount received for work done and in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows increases in aU the items given, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amounting to 50.5 per cent and 30.4 per cent, respec- tively. Estabhshmients owned by individuals reported Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 629 13.3 per cent of the amount received for work done; hose owned by corporations, 51.1 per cent; and those inder other forms of ownership, 15.6 per cent. Table 41 shows, for 1914'and 1909, the number of page earners employed in the laundries on the 15tn )f each month, or the nearest' representative day, and he percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same rear. rable41 anaary... 'ebruary., [arch ipril lay une uly lUgUSt eptember. Ictober rovember. >ecember. ■WAGE EARNERS. Number. 7,702 7,694 7,686 7,781 7,859 7,982 7,900 7,773 7,774 7,798 7,685 7,625 1909 5,671 5,668 6,677 5,734 5,839 6,039 6,226 6,136 6,235 6,113 6,066 Per cent of maximum 1914 96.5 96.4 96.3 97.5 9S.5 100.0 99.0 97.4 97.4 97.7 96.3 95.5 1909 91.0 90.9 91.0 92.0 99.9 98.4 100.0 98.0 97.3 97.8 Table 42 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts •f power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 909, together with percentages of increase for the ive^year period. Table 42 liTtlMBEE OF HORSEPOWER. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 oiin- crease,' 1909- 1914. 611 328 11,382 6,802 67.3 288 273 11 4 323 323 218 209 7 2 110 110 9,287 8,902 310 75 2,095 1,608 687 5,702 5,514 78 110 1,100 666 434 62.9 Steam . . 61.4 Intenxal-conibustion —31.8 90.4 Electric '. . . 126.4 Other 35.3 Electric — Generated by establishiuents reDortine .. 1 . 926 3,413 —72.9 T A minus sign (—) denotes decrease: percentage omitted where base is less than 100. Table 43 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 43 Unit. QUANTITT. Per> cent of Knw. 1914 1909 increase,! 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal ... . Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs 9,100 59,930 3,777 377 25,777 7,051 37,423 2,211 57 30,452 29.1 60.1 Coke 70.8 Oil, including gasoline, etc 1,000 cubic feet 15.4 'A minus sign (— )denotesdecrease; percentageomitted'Wh4:rebase is less than 100. GENERAL TABLES. Table 44 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- )er of establishments, average number of wage eam- rs, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and 'alue of products, for selected industries in the state nd in the cities haviag 50,000 inhabitants or more; nd for the cities haviag from 10,000 to 50,000 iahab- tants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 45 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and ia cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry for which figures can be shown without disclosing the operations of indi- vidual estabhshments; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all industries combined. Table 4=4.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, ,1909, AND 1904. niDnSTRT AKD CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age ntmi- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). ■ Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. AUindustnes.. utomobiles, including bodies and parts. siting, leather acklng and cleansing »nd polishing prepara- tions. Hits and shoes, includ- ng cut stock and flnd- ngs. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12,013 11,6S4 10,723 62 18 20 16 12 93 80 74 884 860 606,698 584,559 488,399 3,4,39 4,138 1,100 1,113- 955 177 572 .527 393 85,114 83,063 70, 148 1,396,722 1,175,071 938,007 4,298 2,896 909 1,386 897 206 574 892 875 39.721 35,051 24,536 $341)310 301,173 232,389 3,016 2,793 709 764 555 1C4 302 257 186 51,007 45,990 38,175 ■5931,38451,641,373 830,7651 1,490,529 626, 410! 1,124,092 5,642 5,491 1,268 4,980 3,666 805 2,083 1,879 1,396 164,242 1,52,990 110,610 11,199 11,369 2,603 7,297 5,647 1,108 3,841 3,713 2,524 255, 188 236,343 173,680 Boots and shoes, rubber. Boxes, fancy and paper.. Bra.^s, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brushes. 1914 1909 1904 9 8 7 8,087 6,928 7,674 8,177 8,330 8,987 14.468 3,376 3,754 110,455 10,640 13,178 1914 1909 1904 97 99 88 4,244 3,838 3,026 3,393 2,370 1,870 1,886 1,557 1,059 3,672 2,719 1,602 1914 1909 1904 »-73 85 175 1,620 1,791 1,669 7,415 6,407 1,248 1,063 1,115 863 3,715 3,663 1,702 1914 1909 1904 1,419 1,201 1,108 8,083 6,697 5,552 6,589 4,316 1,841 4,866 3,814 3,072 18,271 15,727 10,721 1914 1909 29 30 1,437 1,629 878 680 717 653 2,231 1,356 $23,789 18,722 39,035 7,085 5,758 5,959 6,042 3,362 33,309 26, 146 18,660 3,910 2,878 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of indiv idual operations. Digitized by Microsoft® 630 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 44.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904^Contmued. INDUSTKy AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. rSTDDSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Canning and preserving. . 1914 1909 1904 165 71 85 1,903 1,449 1,342 996 1,043 570 $866 642 572 S5,606 4,583 4,815 $8,169 6,840 6,574 FlouT-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 105 120 142 176 229 277 4,900 5,642 9,363 $101 126 154 $3,424 4,131 4,113 Carpets and rugs, other than rag. 1914 1909 1904 12 11 10 5,319 5,964 5,179 10,600 10,037 7,875 2,389 2,763 2,188 6,668 7,501 6,703 10,981 12,812 9,714 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 68 50 58 469 366 498 1,032 827 1,015 280 198 230 1,953 1,292 1,170 Carriages and sleds, chil- dren's. 1914 1909 1904 8 7 5 1,175 858 593 1,130 845 660 411 313 1,460 955 438 2,644 1,755 940 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 = 932 867 777 41,361 44,179 35,844 68,518 52,802 43,038 28,118 27,032 20,834 30,990 31,182 24,426 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 1904 175 177 305 1,348 1,539 2,530 1,953 2,038 2,807 781 986 1,541 1,140 1,282 2,030 2,822 3,185 4,922 FumisMng goods, men's. 1914 1909 1904 '43 55 27 3,316 4,260 921 1,727 2,306 388 1,582 1,952 348 4,370 6,652 1,334 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by electric-rail- 1914 1909 1904 \ 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 39 46 6 15 21 22 24 24 17 227 2,'>4 187 202 174 142 1,705 1,708 903 6,264 6,162 4,004 1,395 1,358 864 7,645 7,335 5,263 6,076 5,813 4,693 235 1,788 1,373 1,096 602 4,394 3,447 2,622 955 811 506 3,853 3,398 2,311 2,966 2,446 1,742 1,204 976 384 4,197 3,976 3,600 3,355 3,048 1,520 10,415 9,756 8,076 7,664 6,511 4,789 2,566 2,140 993 8,830 7,804 6,349 6,685 5,916 3,526 19,614 18,314 14,913 13,983 11,728 8,696 Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas, illuminating and heating. Glue, not elsewhere spec- ified. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hats, straw 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 145 155 136 61 64 64 11 14 14 33 35 41 19 18 15 6,954 7,277 6,625 3,182 2,292 1,847 563 509 369 622 561 624 2,383 2,668 1,722 10,919 12,203 8,724 11,462 7,371 5,444 1,481 2,151 4,084 3,986 3,362 2,141 1,250 1,091 294 223 184 420 347 357 1,451 1,448 826 5,858 5,808 5,346 5,951 3,810 3,097 1,789 1,159 867 1,829 1,753 2,044 3,205 3,680 2,004 road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Chemicals. 8,287 5,697 2,576 5,405 3,731 3,302 1,695 1,753 1,354 1,202 • 1,024 736 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1,244 1,374 Clothing, women's 1,857 1,009 629 Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grinding. 1914 1909 1904 21 17 21 466 373 319 1,312 996 265 201 176 6,312 4,082 2,753 12,287 9,189 6,508 8,675 5,806 3,657 Hosiery and knit goods. . 1914 1909 77 , 65 10,635 9,941 12,309 9,113 10,390 28,507 24,500 28,210 4,737 3,855 2,842 1,903 1,977 2,593 9,267 6,972 5,021 8,802 10,032 6,902 Confectionery. 1914 1909 1904 148 117 93 6,787 5,648 4,167 5,281 4,278 2,085 2,715 1,860 1,302 20,131 15,266 9,318 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1914 1909 1904 11 9 5 2,889 3,115 4,544 ft Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 53 70 74 2 159 150 112 20 29 324 955 974 1,165 2,688 2,627 1,789 7,614 6,319 4,232 2,914 2,863 4,498 2,791 1,808 1,043 33,221 24,669 11,140 629 452 547 1,663 1,481 977 3,108 2,446 1,480 1,157 1,094 1,084 3,510 2,933 1,907 17,348 10,681 10,753 2,061 1,939 2,120 7,347 6,185 4,128 23,280 15,979 14,263 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. Iron and steel forgings . . . Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought. Including wire nails. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8 10 9 10 11 11 28 26 36 1,292 1,217 1,036 683 565 325 1,233 1,125 1,231 2,073 2,233 764 703 642 523 381 209 698 .576 607 1,041 968 741 839 925 333 1,421 1,510 1,489 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1,826 1,459 Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. 3,308 2,870 Corsets 1914 1909 1904 11 10 9 2,298 1,989 1,348 690 455 402 906 735 477 1,902 1,607 771 4,581 3,752 1,940 1914 1909 1904 202 175 131 6,505 7,423 5,626 4,272 4,018 2,305 3,889 4,422 2,820 6,710 5,579 3,733 Cotton goods, including 1914 1909 1904 189 182 161 113,559 108,914 88,640 438,083 362,043 296,244 50,706 45,117 32,555 119,834 105,157 80,268 197,322 186,462 130,069 Leather goods 1914 1909 1904 8 119 119 88 1,430 1,710 1,497 444 634 655 785 859 666 2,219 2,387 1,699 cotton small wares. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 137 136 136 6,485 6,747 5,226 12,728 13,263 11,275 3,903 3,738 2,769 3,394 ■-3,484 2,673 12,974 11,611 8,233 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 126 132 132 10,164 10,252 9,074 26,534 19,231 15,303 5,918 5,444 4,556 33,194 28,766 23,041 Dyeing and finishing textfles. 1914 1909 1904 67 48 46 11,437 9,079 7,508 30,9.32 24,513 19,242 5,843 4,430 3,262 10,989 10,469 4,179 22,455 21,893 11,049 Liquors, distilled 1914 1909 1904 7 6 93 49 33 473 366 240 82 36 25 1,234 687 316 Electrical machinery. 1914 1909 1904 91 S3 72 17,125 14,607 8,798 29,846 14,835 9,341 10,651 8,209 5,003 17,697 12,735 7,324 43,869 28,143 15,882 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 1904 26 37 37 2,106 1,739 1,525 12,100 9,917 7,841 1,992 1,481 1,328 4,920 3,593 3,244 apparatus, and sup- Emery and other abra- sive wheels. 1914 1909 1904 12 13 10 902 615 408 2,214 1,710 666 599 429 241 866 664 311 2,299 1,982 1,001 Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 1904 '589 708 618 8,156 8,976 8,501 42,493 44,784 37,851 6,075 5,031 4,501 13,177 12,484 11,195 Fancy articles, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 *67 78 68 2,777 3,558 2,429 2,457 2,382 1,583 1,383 1,630 1,011 2,857 3,514 1,984 5,, 342 6,618 3,824 Marble and stone work . . 1914 1909 1904 306 330 228 3,858 5,015 5,620 15,460 16,515 11,563 2,889 3,552 3,428 1,885 2,192 1,768 Firearms 1914 1909 1904 6 8 ^8 2,161 2,327 2,799 1,990 3,059 12,848 1,461 1,458 1,692 711 752 858 3,297 3,408 4,011 Mattresses and spring 1914 beds. 1909 1904 54 52 43 740 667 629 1,032 692 577 376 336 283 1,456 1,297 1,323 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fish;" "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables;" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 2 Includes "stamped ware" and "tinware, not elsewhere speoifled.'* s Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. < Includes "combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber" and "ivory, shell, and bone work, not including combs and hairnins." » excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 6 Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "plumbers' or rolitag'mllls "^™ specified;" "pumps, steam;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made In steel works ' Indudes "suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods." 8 Includes "pocketbooks;" "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises." 9Inoludes"boxes, wooden packing; ""lumber, plan — ' ' ' weathw strips." ^'^f§itii:B&°byWi&rus&ft®'' eoted with sawmills;" and "window and door screens and MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 4=4.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 631 INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Valne of prodr ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Millinery and lace goods . Mineral and soda waters. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 69 79 61 171 146 119 6 10 8 62 59 65 16 17 24 13 11 6 34 41 33 86 88 87 160 61 2 162 164 134 3 1,344 1,279 1,144 42 29 47 19 19 18 17 21 26 2,026 1,686 2,503 608 625 475 2,135 843 344 3,906 4,245 4,171 303 293 155 2,356 2,460 1,791 490 428 446 13,401 12,848 11,705 5,829 6,136 1,381 1,183 1,196 18,170 17,532 16,112 4,743 3,418 6,003 4,495 4,109 3,261 2,163 2,465 1,942 461 391 372 865 ^.657 890 2,104 899 646 5,105 4,454 3,381 885 617 S940 667 1,047 333 313 274 1,567 680 180 2,510 2,6C8 2,488 197 174 98 1,390 1,103 746 302 251 237 7,649 6,542 5,588 2,918 2,344 696 666 542 13,266 11,684 9,064 2,845 1,769 2,208 2,092 1,840 1,162 1,468 1,725 1,160 $2,886 2,282 2,850 1,075 803 7&4 3,194 1,378 289 3,702 4,149 3,114 2,239 2, 2; 3 1,467 1,196 1,163 1,012 2,622 2,075 1,630 26,611 22,360 17,947 8,687 7,436 3,323 2,727 3,266 16,817 12,881 10,918 14,142 11,006 8,829 5,961 6,430 4,157 2,228 2,728 2,115 $4,919 3,977 4,797 2,442 2,193 1,789 7,021 2,706 582 8,213 9, 106 8,279 2,975 , 2,864 1,803 3,993 3,058 2,282 4,876 3,469 2,674 43,353 40,097 32,012 16,679 13,633 8,263 7,432 8,036 56,196 47,446 39,274 23,\ll 16,796 14,098 10,677 8,942 7,012 5,542 6,539 4,897 Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap 1914 19C9 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 19C9 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4 107 94 80 32 38 36 15 18 15 27 21 10 13 21 19 336 417 348 18 16 14 11 9 8 21 29 26 8 10 5 30 31 42 171 6 183 190 1,725 1,670 1,610 3,582 3,325 3,027 460 458 455 1,275 891 965 2,467 1,790 813 1,446 1,703 1,558 3,926 3,651 3,576 1,381 1,061 656 800 654 478 996 1,006 866 2,899 3,718 605 1,950 1,578 1,990 54,255 53,873 44,050 38,752 35,338 40,942 6,742 4,844 3,396 1,400 1,379 $2, 141 1,8,37 1,595 260 227 205 767 474 381 1,248 778 234 1,116 1,239 1,024 3,110 2,506 2,331 636 447 262 309 271 190 493 376 2,005 2,218 329 1,079 809- 919 27,363 24,593 18, 137 24,650 19,548 20,136 $47,476 38,886 33,881 2,47fi 2,377 1,472' 1,984 1,235 736 3,552 2,395 758 893 1,079 1,661 3,811 2,921 2,492 1,129 859 325 3,338 2,ii64 2,793 1,168 1,072 763 4,656 5,538 1,039 2,331 1,499 1,897 83,077 87,976 62,778 79,412 63,846 58,361 S54,447 44,403 38,013 4,671 Sporting and athletic goods. Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Tobacco manufactures. . . 4,283 2,515 3,4» 2,510 1,614 6,512 4,524 1,372 2,98* 3,542 3,724 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. Musical instruments, pi- anos and organs and . materials. Oil, not elsewhere speci- fied. 1,188 870 1,282 924 1,961 1,804 1,232 339 251 28 1,119 745 Ontical goods 3,048 2,230 1,332 1,411 1,819 1,536 133,860 116,792 104,954 8,621 6,776 1,586 1,376 1,148 20,295 47,629 11,786 17,515 10,123 10,441 6,635 6,305 4,221 2,730 2,113 1,766 9,269 7,888 6,578 2,536 Waste 1,751 839 Paper and wood pulp 1,950 1,324 3,780 3,335 3,296 2,804 2,774 1,936 8,389 9,580 1,617 4,878 3,232 3,709 130,349 .6 141,967 99,314 134,534 111,488 103,974 Paper goods, not else- where specified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. 768 645 368 15,142 10,498 Wire Wirework, including woven-wire fencing. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. All other industries Printing and publishing. 2,648 1,468 Enbber goods, not else- where specified. Silk goods, including throwsters. Silverware and plated ware. 143,461 117,119 88,896 91,267 64,533 88,031 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. BOSTON— All in- dustries.8 Belting, leather . Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepara- tions Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- mgs Boxes and cartons, paper. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products Bread and other bakery products 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,138 3,195 2,797 4 5 5 27 23 21 61 43 '32 19 21 22 27 33 312 285 78,804 73,957 63, 161 52 46 42 141 125 91 7,421 6,116 3,985 725 964 819 185 333 404 2,701 1,999 1,301 85,897 77,276 178 114 4,158 2,062 308 414 244 2,235 6,663 $49,444 42,386 35 79 67 52 4,029 3,046 1,601 308 362 266 141 224 240 1,547 1,068 805 8150,568 127,928 98,184 623 613 320 637 417 519 19,479 19,835 8,040 364 558 368 233 363 410 5,830 4,825 2,981 $284,802 244, 793 191,090 904 698 453 1,127 820 877 27,163 26, 147 11,414 882 1,213 887 600 806 855 11,413 8,109 4,998 1 Includes "envelopes." 2 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ' Includes "bookbinmng and blank-book making;' * Includes "sausage." 6 Includes "wool-felt hats." BOSTON— Con. Canning and preserving. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Confectionery. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 19D9 1904 823 21 20 31 26 53 5 ■ 6 7 181 196 134 139 122 99 61 54 41 9 75 85 62 444 323 1,172 944 4,758 4,479 3,277 3,964 3,540 2,733 5,064 4,137 2,823 1,397 1,702 1,235 594 577 375 460 2,944 291 1,043 1,086 491 3,923 2,797 846 "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." S233 140 117 247 204 297 2,443 768 661 2,633 2,286 1,677 2,144 1,649 1,073 1,997 1,344 852 904 $1,688 1,383 1,378 288 222 317 2,410 652 622 7,687 7,756 6,235 5,126 4,306 3,147 8,861 6,117 3,738 2,106 1,870 1,351 $2,633 1,951 1,922 694 582 874 5,024 1,536 1.339 14,080 14,535 U,5S0 9,609 7,842 5,705 14,796 10,341 6,210 4,144 3,925 2,878 8 The totals for "all mdustries" mclude statistics for Hyde Park, which was annexed to Boston Jan. 1, 1912. Figures for the separate industries for 1914 indnda Hyde Park, but those for 1909 and 1904 are included in " all other industries," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of mdividual operations. » Includes " canning and preserving, fish " and "^pickles, preserves, and sauces." • Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 632 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 44.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. DJDDSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES-Continued. BOSTON— Con. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furiiitui* and refrigera- tors. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflec- tors- . . Hosiery and knit goods. Instruments, profes- sional and scientific .. - Jewelry. Leather goods. liqviors, malt. Lumber and products. timber Uarble and stone work . . Uattresses beds. and spring Millinery and lace goods- Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paint and varnish. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing. Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures. - . All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 30 27 23 1225 211 ISO 53 64 60 12 16 18 10 8 6 12' 15 10 39 32 16 >40 45 >27 13 20 23 *m 67 6 62 24 31 8 17 21 28 23 59 65 38 15 21 21 11 12 11 «68 69 63 '567 564 498 B26 24 8 18 101 145 106 801 811 779 1,481 1,380 544 8,041 6,323 6,554 872 943 1,181 129 178 211 770 729 237 484 344 284 250 303 191 352 ■ 568 270 1,225 1,126 951 1,034 1,031 455 581 455 531 496 394 1,415 1,454 1,389 1,299 1,410 1,486 119 142 768 614 494 7,972 8,257 6,813 329 273 104 2,694 2,318 2,464 17,940 20,260 19,631 113 131 291 168 589 221 112 82 132 152 5,951 4,799 2,970 3,295 1,166 1,146 598 383 283 311 1,312 917 234 484 431 280 9,124 6,248 625 313 126 70 31,097 32,988 S914 700 259 5,742 4,190 4,088 634 617 703 133 126 310 263 76 a32 235 131 186 189 106 224 280 137 1,149 1,019 844 641 727 670 301 263 248 185 601 580 520 908 968 68 360 282 218 6,375 6,033 4,402 232 172 67 2,316 1,780 1,706 10,979 11,268 10,090 $1,414 1,003 5,100 5,147 1,128 1,159 1,012 141 212 147 1,005 583 147 378 225 111 248 175 691 797 349 2,594 1,957 1,827 1,680 1,638 1,176 453 414 1,115 1,048 992 2,014 1,931 1,376 1,581 1,468 1,055 637 617 414 2,120 1,538 2,125 9,781 6,962 5,286 5,211 3,514 1,996 2,738 2,046 1,799 63, 658 46, 712 42,818 S3, 636 3,028 1,127 18,259 13,474 13,336 2,551 2,654 2,404 404 464 441 1,596 1,026 891 781 710 456 1,245 1,434 734 8,836 7, .554 6,715 2,903 3,027 2,432 1,037 1,152 1,025 1,887 1,770 1,645 3,564 3,425 2,439 3,276 3,428 3,722 1,055 1,065 687 4,623 3,966 3,946 33,249 28,021 22,435 6,396 4,096 2,300 6,684 5,506 4,593 88,876 79, 707 70,094 BKOCKTON- industries. Blacking, stains, dressing. AH and Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes and cartons, paper. Bread and other bakery products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lasts Lumber and products timber Printing and publishing. All other industries / CAICBRIDGE— All industries. Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons. Confectionery. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture, wood, includ- ing rattan and willow. Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 196 201 15 9 10 7 6 6 »8 6 4 20 16 16 58 48 316 275 6 4 2 40 40 36 4 4 12 15 12 17 107 6 3 "34 25 22 12 13 14 12 12 11 7 43 31 16 13,765 12,503 12,273 174 214 252 223 72 102 50 243 162 136 241 170 147 102 61 212 1,091 950 16,749 16,260 14,686 495 292 261 901 801 881 71 57 121 1,141 700 677 183 200 135 1,786 2,260 2,226 636 780 580 358 345 240 10,477 9,773 7,106 6,802 141 148 248 198 90 278 600 313 325 495 314 321 1,3 1,0 26,227 21,372 152 110 1,171 862 800 517 203 100 3,386 3,176 556 1,262 1,359 1,261 31 23 11 8,978 7,751 7,853 77 89 94 134 126 57 62 85 178 119 90 181 124 122 72 63 34 198 211 156 646 531 382 10,217 8,365 7,494 209 105 77 512 440 385 50 34 70 436 218 197 113 104 72 1,202 1,430 1,395 496 603 416 282 232 170 131,664 28,565 22,553 194 166 28,455 25,384 20,902 114 140 137 453 175 47 17 127 116 83 215 183 124 171 194 106 248 192 158 753 31,536 23,566 25,117 249 104 72 2,071 1,961 1,238 49 39 91 2,204 1,172 943 297 274 185 1,885 1,761 2,294 368 417 264 ' 691 409 397 251,259 45,972 37,791 430 328 188 44,122 39,293 33,853 233 329 304 1,070 892 297 135 204 95 431 391 284 534 539 430 340 165 744 670 484 3,182 2,986 1,691 67,484 44,227 42,407 699 280 193 3,954 2,962 2,693 128 106 220 1,910 1,634 588 530 374 5,332 4,789 4,944 1,284 1,392 1,006 1,112 875 715 'gas machines and gas and water meters"; "hardware"; "hardware, saddlery"; "plumbers' J v-i -a.„ »-_-i_.^__ _^ ,. and Cgti-iictural ironwork, not made in steelworks ; including planing mills connected with sawmills"; and "window and door screens I Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam,gas, and water" __ Supplies,not elsewhere specified"; "pumps, steam"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water Beating apparatus'^ or rolling mills." 2 Includes "pocketbooks"; "saddlery and harness"; and "trunks and valises." 8 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. < Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products, not including and weather strips. '^' 6 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ° Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." I ^^j"?^ ^'^'bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing"; and "lithographing." » Includes "boxe«i, v-ooden packing" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmQls " '« Includes "stamped ware." ;>*- o " Includes ''automobile repairing "; "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified "; "pumps, steam"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; tpol works or rolling mills." "lumber, planing-mill products, not Including planing mills connected with sawmills"; and "window and door screens." and "stractural ironwork, not made m steel works or rolling mills. 12 Includes "boxes, wooden packing"* "inTni^oi. T^idTi^ntT-mi-iT T^ Digitized by Microsoft© MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 633 Table 4=4.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDU3IET AJTO CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INBUSTBT ASD CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MOKE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CAHBKIoaE— Con. Marble and stone work. . Musical instnunents, pianos and orpins and materials. Printing and publishing . Soap All other industries. , FALL KITEB— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fruiting and publishing All other industries ■ HOLTOKE—AU in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber, planing-mill products, not includ- mg plamng mills con- nected with sawmills. Paper and wood pulp, paper exclusively. Paper goods, not else- where specified. Printing and publishing. Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Tobacco manufactures . . , All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1009 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10 173 12 302 19 352 607 887 6 7 M !45 41 38 4 3 4 122 97 94 315 288 234 119 108 222 187 179 33 27 27 <24 17 17 4 4 4 21 23 19 5 4 3 '31 27 28 7 7 13 17 11 84 61 70 914 1,138 720 2,159 1,993 1,861 176 99 197 7,756 6,293 6,335 36,834 37, 139 26,836 197 217 162 30,758 30,407 21,729 570 759 510 195 190 139 21 13 5,093 5,553 4,296 17,493 16, 513 14,685 124 108 905 1,002 1,216 182 131 4,684 4,480 4,039 496 417 168 793 736 1,043 655 706 64 73 63 9,590 8,860 7,979 1,156 1,211 1,804 1,442 660 566 14,292 139,582 122,061 124,347 110,975 627 195 171 27 10 14,300 10,257 74,369 60,269 2,864 1,455 360 410 42, 582 1,033 740 371 26,537 17,834 $140 242 537 636 1,477 1,185 1(028 95 51 79 4,669 3,085 3,027 16,131 15,339 10,099 127 127 13, 189 12,106 7,966 342 373 239 153 142 87 2,304 2,585 1,719 8,994 8,076 6,693 76 55 594 621 703 137 71 77 2,487 2,211 1,925 204 79 479 371 459 334 297 42 44 32 4,556 4,181 3,363 tll8 183 254 735 943 1,552 1,280 1,644 431 <93 20,426 14,592 16,744 37, 161 35,524 26,096 610 479 289 29,659 27,663 20,616 453 605 277 96 95 66 145 76 6,198 6,706 4,848 25,362 22,301 16,679 313 275 166 843 781 177 124 8,272 7,244 6,001 1.? 947 473 633 1,131 924 1,094 40 38 41 12,826 11,050 7,976 605 680 1,674 2,174 4,020 3,368 4,009 1,498 796 1,030 33,629 24,441 24, 161 64,663 64, 146 43, 473 1,017 796 472 49,995 48,576 32,539 i,064 1,342 738 365 278 210 97 11,981 12,970 9,446 44,041 40,097 30, 731 561 464 292 2,197 2,095 2,162 641 362 272 13,179 12,305 10, 620 1,932 1,424 530 1,697 1,450 2,247 1,891 1,930 118 128 115 21,825 19, 939 14,493 LAWRENCE— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cotton goods . Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber and timber products. Printing and publishing. Woolen and worsted goods. All other indu.<:tries. LOWELL— All in- dustries. Boots and shoes - Bread and other bakery products. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber and timber products. Patent medicines "and compounds. Printing and publishing . Woolen and worsted goods. All other industries LYHir— All indus- tries. Blacking, stains, and dressings. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 191*4 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 221 162 187 36 4 6 5 »21 27 25 '5 5 4 • 21 18 119 11 15 2 10 300 '319 256 7 6 57 46 40 12 11 11 26 35 34 '14 17 12 '8 7 16 324 141 159 119 429 431 431 10 14 12 194 207 211 31,043 30,542 21,910 171 143 151 137, 171 58 4,189 4,914 3,956 730 1,012 410 402 121 126 125 20,565 20,203 12,216 4,720 3,571 4,374 29,904 32,333 29,303 1,485 1,259 819 221 166 163 13,142 13,833 12,965 1,841 2,599 2,294 343 410 416 160 183 279 265 260 259 1,916 2,807 2,625 10,631 10,826 9,483 25,339 27,368 21,540 13,779 16,349 13,286 93,572 73,066 183 129 283 220 16,567 16, 172 1,508 1,238 1,130 1,170 196 166 61,810 44,638 11,895 9,333 83,817 71,562 800 618 53,133 41,955 2,605 2,706 1,936 1,637 533 496 595 349 4,262 6,807 19,861 17,936 22,747 17,089 $16, 778 13, 787 8,908 108 89 85 95 100 35 1,833 2,030 1,607 459 678 486 222 230 76 94 89 77 10,457 8,899 4,672 2,610 1,772 1,972 14,002 14,022 11,590 684 562 310 146 103 5,788 5,663 4,848 1,122 1,418 1,168 196 211 183 96 136 191 178 161 931 1,210 1,022 4,852 4,592 3,665 15,593 15,606 11,738 31 24 8,792 9,632 7,035 $45, 152 45,438 29,416 476 367 200 170 37 4,656 3,918 3,792 691 727 545 1,037 137 82 66 52 32,597 33,657 19,386 5,642 6,496 5,131 33,104 32,455 26,911 2,356 1,682 956 415 482 407 14,333 13,943 12,844 1,283 1,822 1,609 776 734 646 321 349 281 160 2,436 3,672 2,783 10,887 9,472 7,335 38,695 41,361 32,616 296 271 110 28,006 29,148 22,173 $73,178 79,993 48,037 800 572 527 362 384 90 7,143 6,826 5,746 1,443 1,720 1,418 1,139 1,390 263 285 254 216 51,684 68,636 30,927 10,422 10,311 8,8S0 56,049 59,688 46,879 3,649 2,660 1,457 734 750 644 23,178 24, 744 19,384 2,788- 4,333 1,123 1,066 795 1,130 1,471 768 796 525 3,924 6,522 4,558 19,190 18,697 14,463 69,783 71,503 55,003 525 537 245 46,660 35,431 •pumps, steam;" "steam flttiags and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of ludividual operations, s Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." •Includes "automobile repairing;" "pumps, steam;" "s works or rolling mills." ' Includes "bookbindiag and blank-book making; " " engraving, steel and copper plate, Including plate printing; " and "lithographing." 7 T?Si 3^ ./E"™''' ^*^™;' steam flttmgs and steam and hot-water heatmg apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steelworks or rolling mills " ' ^eludes boxes, wooden packing" and /'lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." L „fVJ?j5?''°**^'''^*''*'^°°®P"°''^^' be'»'^e't wasnecessary forevlaethem in order to tuolude data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. ' Includes "perftunery and cosmetics." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 634 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 44.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. ilxpressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. LYNIT— Continued. Boxes and cartons, paper. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lasts. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Patent medicines and compounds. Printing and publisliing All other industries. . NEVr BEDFORD- All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Cotton goods. Foundry and machine- shop products. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Printing and publishing. All other industries. SOMERVrLLE— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Printing and publishing. Slaughtering and meat packing. All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 J909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 ■1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 37 42 128 26 23 233 207 176 20 17 16 102 100 85 144 114 78 2 10 6 17 14 10 36 7 5 80 59 44 353 348 65 206 165 149 319 411 364 234 81 1,062 1,058 87 129 219 95 74 69 291 228 188 9,280 8,477 6,048 33,343 26,666 17, 855 141 28, 719 22, 141 14,645 302 276 261 72 171 67 273 266 166 3,628 3,424 2,675 5,429 5,280 3,474 172 120 76 79 94 44 43 2,309 2,292 1,642 2,825 2,731 1,820 507 266 275 370 447 187 1,450 1,185 285 363 177 15,012 8,895 112, 151 76,147 102,918 68, 165 591 1,019 376 759 511 199 7,509 5,916 9,707 7,680 128 55 4,198 3,308 5,258 4,213 S177 169 27 154 111 238 254 222 153 61 317 457 61 82 100 52 39 36 220 145 102 5,386 4,785 3,559 16,568 12,598 7,251 186 160 13, 716 10, 116 5,676 190 176 148 194 171 104 2,223 1,883 1,306 3,340 2,870 1,753 120 68 53 52 46 30 24 21 1,420 1,236 815 1,718 1,496 864 $411 404 108 446 443 271 153 178 146 105 76 40 3,020 4,009 3,475 134 188 237 200 219 206 162 81 5,682 6,283 6,757 37, 574 28,564 16,091 741 548 257 30,318 23,290 12,685 229 192 138 135 232 160 152 129 74 5.999 4,173 2.777 36, 497 31,923 19, 176 385 269 146 22 17 14 32, 424 27, 869- 17, 186 3,578 3,676 1,830 $736 730 172 784 681 480 594 800 588 389 266 126 .3,849 5,094 4,570 277 330 426 1,180 948 1,328 637 362 16,876 14,920 11,275 65,675 53,238 29,469 1,219 1,023 444 61,766 42,505 22,412 622 454 406 212 412 243 637 483 11,319 8,361 6,630 43,971 38,687 22,955 668 429 272 210 197 114 77 67 36,335 31,270 18,969 sprhtgfield- All industries. Brass and bronze prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons Confectionery. Electric machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Fancy articles, not else- where specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Prinismg and publishing. Tobacco, cigars. Tools, not elsewhere specified. All other industries WORCESTER— All industries. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons. Clothing, men's, youths', and boys'. Clothing, women's.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cotton goods. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere spectQed. 1 Includes "automobile repairing;" _ 2 Includes "automobile repairing" and 'Includes" " engines, steam, gas, and water;" and "hardware." 6,644 6,714 3,657 hardware." Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 395 346 296 6 6 5 7 5 5 4 5 7 <60 39 28 29 5 4 6 179 166 163 606 580 470 12 11 12 71 67 30 10 12 10 13 16 10 19 18 19 6 17 10 14, 240 11,855 10, 523 176 164 48 127 184 321 545 154 153 74 56 12 1,485 1,554 1,314 1,166 1,025 792 487 408 323 339 287 142 7,672 7,202 29,462 28, 221 22,796 967 829 747 397 413 161 78 71 65 240 288 201 834 1,060 1,044 518 195 84 171 254 184 337 409 394 6,038 6,503 4,650 -24, 418 17,744 145 129 366 52 346 184 198 23 3,150 3,488 1,754 1,632 768 16,974 11,366 71,984 53,406 444 399 330 160 128 63 219 1,317 247 283 426 1,100 1,104 10,916 6,891 {9,350 6,86? 5,645 S21,91S 14,363 12,380 117 104 34 191 83 105 31 56 150 119 101 533 82 72 21 i 1,055 973 783 816 666 515 346 277 207 185 83 5,854 4,301 3,708 17,633 15,295 11, 825 628 469 381 232 207 95 S8 51 46 110 HI 79 315 371 372 318 113 50 98 79 276 241 211 4,020 3,841 2,708 279 246 78 756 356 407 42 68 360 3,118 63 104 43 1,099 1,027 788 1,037 1,006 708 414 256 172 127 154 59 14,361 10,598 9,677 45,794 42,601 27,011 1,909 1,466 1,097 917 877 360 57 62 31 405 362 317 924 1,081 867 472 166 76 465 680 514 198 214 236 4,543 4,793 3,198 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 6 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." * Includes "stamped ware." 7 Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" and "structural ironwork, not madaiustMlworksorrpllMinJUs" fif^ MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 635 Table 44.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDCSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. WORCESTER— Con Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. . Printing and publishing . 1914 113 641 1,702 $382 1699 $1,234 1909 12 320 1,154 ' 195 476 814 1904 19l4 17 7 414 140 247 106 535 59 968 262 836 1909 10 227 862 218 93 383 1904 1914 9 2 59 421 690 280 451 70 448 686 1,629 939 1909 53 585 384 392 371 1,233 1904 44 377 248 219 966 Tobacco, cigars . Woolen and worsted goods. All other industries. , 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 18 20 17 12 15 14 250 232 174 83 65 64 1,583 1,722 1,576 16,835 15,280 12, 414 3,629 50,161 37, 449 351 37 36 692 689 610 9,995 8,262 6,385 $72 42 40 2,292 3,200 2,366 32, 334 28,718 17, 105 $163 117 114 3,685 4,460 3,530 64, 405 48,515 31, 471 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 IWHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Adams. Arlington. . AlTLEBOEO. . Beveely. , Beookline.. Chelsea. Chicopee . . . Clinton.. EVEEETT. FlTO&BUEG. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Eeamingham.. Gaednee.. Gloucestee.. Geeeotield.. Haverhill... Leominstee.. Malden. Maelboeough. Medfoed.. Meleose. 35 31 23 19 19 151 l28 108 67 63 71 21 16 13 123 110 130 62 58 40 1914 1909 1904 137 122 107 1914 1909 1904 49 27 36 1914 1909 1904 64 52 60 1914 1909 1904 87 102 132 1914 1909 50 47 1914 1909 1904 398 346 320 1914 1909 1904 89 94 65- 1914 1909 1904 92 86 59 1914 1909 1904 43 59 46 1914 1909 1904 54 40 37 1914 1909 1904 26 25 24 3,930 3,991 3,994 6,058 6,429 6,044 4,641 4,487 335 340 495 6,241 5,954 4,939 8,426 7,260 4,670 4,064 4,123 3,482 3,226 2,680 2,188 8,837 8,497 6,498 3,069 2,484 3,964 3,617 3,168 2,814 2,181 1,763 1,602 1,261 13,281 11,689 9,574 4,929 5,601 4,127 2,850 2,900 2,954 3,822 4,266 3,479 559 560 484 962 1,038 1,571 12,673 10, 173 542 851 7,486 5,991 4,659 3,778 323 339 7,031 22,907 18, 738 9,931 10,882 10,908 7,816 38,371 28,754 6,058 4,486 5,048 6,031 2,682 2,427 2,644 2,327 10,839 7,930 6,408 5,890 3,547 3, 433 2,332 2,721 1,495 1,123 1,582 1,535 $1, 793 1,719 1,509 186 177 3,518 3,763 2,474 3,356 2,929 1,098 3,864 3,328 2,442 5,131 3,696 1,935 1,884 1,872 1,438 2,047 1,508 1,166 4,815 4,231 3,168 2,257 1,446 1,121 2,084 1,774 1,491 1,337 1,042 811 877 701 8,614 6,658 4,818 2,574 2,794 1,946 1,477 1,346 1,428 2,119 2,224^ 1,644 355 331 244 484 493 796 $3, 797 3,082 2,688 277 311 7,379 6,813 4,651 3,168 3,291 2,323 218 196 271 9,416 10,569 8,307 17, 118 10,952 4,330 3,610 4,216 3,408 6,611 4,506 3,123 16,097 14,442 9,421 4,447 3,411 2,517 3,079 2,833 2,570 5,590 4,770 4,682 1,422 1,034 26,512 21, 686 14,257 5,410 6,676 3,964 3,249 4,388 4,046 6,468 6,375 4,586 1,865 1,250 386 1,334 1,689 2,915 $6,530 8,410 5,492 641 696 13,947 16,160 10,060 8,774 8,653 4,101 659 532 733 18,971 17,002 13,879 19, 219 7,716 6,735 7,845 6,458 13, 219 8,747 8,136 23,983 23,252 15,391 8,727 6,917 4,174 7,450 6,486 6,019 8,534 7,753 6,921 3, 627- 2,801 42, 409 35,377 24, 447 10, 838 10,531 7,602 8,366 8,206 11,236 9,984 10,382 7,469 2,619 2,045 872 2,499 2,825 9,451 Methuen. Milfoed... Newbueypoet. Newton Noeth Adams, noethampton . , Peabody.. PlTTSPlELD . Plymouth. QUINCY Revere Salem Sodthbeidge . Taunton.. Wakefield. Waltham... Wateetown. Webster Westfield. . . Weymouth. WiNTHEOP.. Wobden... 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 70 60 58 75 71 77 77 74 76 84 71 44 37 "---.32 177 183 161 27 14 12 178 155 143 35 36 32 116 146 127 22 23 30 26 23 3 22 100 91 1,940 1,572 1,749 1,801 1,782 3,349 3,215 2,956 2,154 2,174 1,893 5,288 6,414 6,602 3,446 3,150 2,963 5,485 4,850 3,953 7,490 6,353 4,455 2,845 2,912 5,783 5,492 6,371 V>1 125 ■5,294 6,338 5,946 4,332 4,037 3,223 7,371 7,407 6,608 2,008 2,230 6,465 6,037 8,208 4,787 4,335 3,246 3,019 3,584 3,080 2,634 2,074 1,991 1,841 16 7 1,666 1,663 1,482 6,247 5,772 2,137 2,410 4,412 3,820 5,576 4,153 12,946 11, 928 7,531 6,139 15, 764 15,989 8,301 9,229 6,239 10, 153 9,147 675 548 11,802 11, 436 8,995 7,636 20, 997 19, 141 1,831 1,729 7,926 7,583 4,377 4,862 6,130 6,454 4,048 3,541 2,649 1,902 197 41 3,880 3,560 $865 992 945 910 1,656 1,642 1,392 1,185 1,125 944 2,775 2,567 2,333 1,960 1,503 1,217 3,072 2,638 1,990 4,683 3,718 2,082 1,481 1,416 4,684 3,434 3,060 69 54 66 2,803 2,893 2,506 2,272 1,805 1^305 4,135 3,834 3,147 1,196 1,046 4,006 3,288 3,240 2,8.55 2,235 1,471 1,293 2,127 1,695 1,346 1,196 1,110 927 11 6 915 932 783 $2,951 2,226 2,298 2,389 1,776 4,757 3,781 4,262 3,142 3,383 2,242 5,697 6,578 4,011 3,888 3,163 3,042 12,243 10, 192 8,748 9,129 8,528 4,629 10,123 8,475 5,088 3,844 3,704 220 292 249 8,145 8,640 7,921 3,288 3,125 2,280 8,108 7,775 7,687 3,144 2,835 3,815 2,444 2,067 6,694 6,463 6,983 6,976 3,434 2,868 2,251 5,058 4,204 2,998 38 25 3,351 3,114 2,808 $4,481 3,476 4,028 4,442 3,391 6,931 6,810 6,823 6,279 4,141 10,923 10,316 8,581- 6,999 6,766 18, 442 15,549 10, 237 22,241 15,215 8,577 13,905 11,618 12,097 10,605 350 407 355 13,653 14,576 12,202 7,366 6,269 4,202 16,886 16,380 13, 645 6,068 5,627 10,237 7,814 7,150 14,764 11,546 9,234 10,027 8,420 7,362 5,818 8,251 6,627 4,922 78 42 5,518 5,408 4,664 • Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." ' Includes "bookoinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithograpl \^|W?^ ^° ?°t ^ereo with those published, because it was necessary to revise them In order to include data only for those establfihments located within the cor- aphing.' porate limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 0)36 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDDSTKT AND aiY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Hale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Wage earners. Number, 15tli day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 12,013 Agricultural implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baking powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . Belting, leather , Belting and hose, woven Billard tables and materials. . . Blacking, stains, and dressings , Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe out stock Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes, not including rub- cber boots and shoes. Regular factory products Contract work Stitching Crimping Buttonholes Moccasins Boots and shoes, rubber Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other : Briek, tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products. Building brick Fire brick and .stove lining Tiles and architectural and fire- proofing terra cotta. Brooms ' . Brushes Butter Buttons Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and Card cutting and designing , Carpets and rugs, other than rag. , Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's . Carriages, wagons, and repairs . Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Chemicals Chocolate and cocoa products Cleansing and polishing preparations . Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Clocks Cloth, sponging and refinishing. Clothing, horse Clothing, men's Men's and youths' Boys' All other Contract work 12,013 676,642 1 10,71014,472 ' ' 28,620 16,142 606,698 4 359 8 15 11 325 8 30 6 3 2 1 18 65 428 49 32 17 6 324 64 1,543 40 70 45 47 1,341 12 2,427 6 29 167 128 2,098 86 476 84 19 6 19 348 68 600 62 24 22 26 366 3 12 1 1 2 2 6 15 149 17 7 1 2 122 20 1,490 8 50 247 72 1,113 6 232 3 17 16 13 183 6 58 7 4 2 2 43 59 806 71 64 121 54 606 96 3,688 91 82 104 94 3,317 180 4,394 192 129 161 131 3,781 240 5,168 259 174 171 175 4,389 464 83,877 445 1,.542 2,327 2,619 76,944 414 82,922 386 1,535 2,326 2,610 76,065 12 260 14 3 1 242 24 608 27 3 7 571 3 8 9 63 4 10 5 50 1 1 1 3 9 15 8,926 4 11 8,087 73 .513 253 6 207 3 8 3 5 188 97 4,621 62 133 78 104 4,244 91 3,282 76 100 53 58 2,996 73 1,846 62 77 63 33 1,620 1,419 10,974 1,663 149 779 400 8,083 14 2,472 6 31 222 107 2,106 1,405 8,502 1,657 118 557 293, 5,977 46 1,248 32 49 32 11 1,124 38 883 32 36 16 8 791 5 188 9 10 169 3 177 4 6 3 164 26 164 36 1 4 3 121 29 1,629 24 43 67 68 1,437 • 17 62 13 11 5 33 14 643 12 16 18 12 486 31 1,788 22 45 127 69 1,535 4 4 12 23 10 5,641 7 4 4 1 1 76 16 5 5,319 65 178 21 141 26 5 3 1 106 14 209 17 7 6 4 • 175 8 1,237 1 24 20 17 1,175 161 1,447 184 36 28 26 1,173 135 1,307 157 30 25 25 1,070 26 140 27 6 3 1 103 39 1,779 40 26 8 1,706 15 6,597 107 206 20 6,264 24 1,681 13 57 im 60 1,395 5 1,123 21 127 32 943 34 159 21 30 25 17 66 13 54 10 10 5 7 22 21 105 11 20 20 10 44 4 176 13 10 10 143 4 64 5 3 56 3 215 8 6 5 2 194 213 6,575 257 117 306 135 5,760 111 4,829 117 110 297 129 4,176 6 193 10 3 5 5 170 4 56 7 2 1 46 92 1,497 123 2 4 1,368 Mh 633, 583 De 580,489 371 569 Mh 484 Se< 20 Se 394 Oo 1, 476 My 2,859 Je & 6 De 126 De 1,212 Jv 192 No 61 My 696 3,404 044 Jy 3,4 Mh 4,C Ja 5, 138 Ja 81,816 Ap. 271 Fe (=) Ja Ja 664 5 67 16 No 8,828 Je * 193 Mh 4,414 Mh 3:130 Se 1, 666 Jy 2, 217 Au 6,061 Je 1,375 Au 176 Fe 229 Mh 127 Ja 1,568 De< 34 Ja 618 Oc 1, 730 Oc 67 Mh 5,696 Au * 116 Ap 204 No 1,295 My 1,233 My < 118 Jy 1,780 Je 6,951 Mh 1,464 Mh 1,024 De< Oc* Je mS 46 159 62 215 Mh 4,361 Ap 196 De 60 De 1, 475 Au 175 Ap 15 Fe 235 De 1,189 De 1,284 Ja 327 Ja 245 (5) 6 Se < 119 Au 1,086 Mh 162 Mh 36 De 414 De 3,202 Jy 3,547 Je 3, 990 Oc 71,203 No 206 Jy 489 0) 5 No 36 Au 8 Jy 7,577 Au 182 De 4,034 Jy 2, 890 Au 1,662 Se 1, 990 Ja 5, 874 De 254 Mh 161 Au 108 De' 117 De 1,360 Au< 32 Au 391 My 1,301 Ja M 5 De 4,536 Mh < 94 Au 117 Je 1,021 De 950 Au 93 Fe 1,603 No .6,797 Au 1,312 Au 826 Mh< De< Oo No No 20 42 123 60 168 1 Owned power only. Do 3, 865 No 146 Au 35 Jy 1,246 m 271 17 323 1,461 2,525 346 376 6 126 1,215 186 46 502 3,324 3,960 4,388 78,971 78,014 236 636' 5 60 20 8,596 185 4,248 3,006 1,623 8,132 1,997 6,135 1,499 1,199 165 135 123 1,398 34 466 1,578 49 5 5,358 109 161 1,240 1,093 993 100 1,737 ,106 1,385 967 43 133 53 200 6,011 4,260 151 60 1,640 m 271 14 323 1,430 2,518 338 263 5 77 1,166 107 46 270 1,733 2,829 2,917 61,096 50,808 215 26 6 26 17 5,244 86 1,.397 2,764 1,583 6,141 1,030 5,111 1,483 1,199 156 128 110 730 34 185 3 2,851 91 161 1,078 1,089 989 100 1,724 7,0 1,284 683 49 20 29 119 53 85 2,885 1,979 41 230 1,564 1,084 1,389 26,604 25,940 21 606 m 3 110 1 41 41 74 35 2 3,258 89 2,704 193 32 934 956 7 7 655 260 281 21 2 2,321 14 158 3 3 13 19 93 281 IS 3 12 14 Hi 3,105 2,250 110 51 694 I m (') 10 74 $1,548,960,733 [ 835,645 32,680 525,836 2,344,965 7,429,964 463,848 424,202 6,983 126,201 5,852,158 906,033 145,389 1,298,724 3,927,259 15,016,107 8,768,190 92,253,524 92,108,353 26,634 92,608 4,100 16,229 5,700 23,027,061 267,912 4,097,326 6,216,604 3,979,238 13,775,446 5,267,611 8,507^835 2,196,865 1,471,288 314,617 410,960 218, 476 3,359,106 123,607 1,241,996 4,004,598 28,088 15,925 13,841,208 56,573 948,541 1,594,638 2,090,626 1,918,021 172,606 2,861,028 9,136,136 9,167,388 6,865,687 295,411 125,421 169,990 614,726 24,525 405,626 7,198,335 6,860,794 187,682 54,811 95,048 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. C37 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value add.ed by manufac- ture. P^4 l/iim Ja 5, 808 Mh 1,320 Oc ' 165 Je . 449 Ap» 14 No De Dei> Je 3,509 No 224 De Fe Mh 46 643 129 23 Ap Je Jy3 Jea Je Ja 512 121 12 17 61 Ja No Je 674 728 308 Au 1,068 Mh 3,529 Fe 11,149 Je 491 65 Au My Mh 3,185 Ja 1,360 Au 784 Ja 1,326 Ja 53 (0 3 Ja 7,606 Oe 459 Mh3 39 Ja 407 Fe 1,008 No 529 Fe 10,931 520 1,580 104 2,248 1,236 No 158 De^ 12 Ja 2, 012 Au 3,603 Au 4,279 Je 803 De 31 Ap 1,423 Ap 50 ?F Jy 4,917 Je 359 Ap 103 De 284 De8 10 Je Jy Jy3 Mh 2,930 Jy 165 Au3 Au Au Oc De Oc Fe8 De De De 473 110 10 14 IS 66 Oo Je 483 515 No 256 My 195 Jy 1,259 Se 9,901 Fe 408 Ja Au 48 No 2,368 No 1,238 Je 607 Jy 1.184 Oc 35 (<) 3 Jy 5, 960 De 330 Au3 Oc 37 236 795 Ja 327 Au 9,197 Mh Jy Ja De 400 1,499 87 1,992 1,201 Au 3 135 Au» 10 Au 1,057 Fe 3,218 Fe 2,987 De 678 Ja 19 Je 684 Jy 40 187 7,027 5,352 1,112 141 422 12 163 51 92 20 3,045 224 46 668 115 622 498 113 11 16 26 66 1,269 545 724 285 1,031 2,835 10,904 432 53 679 2,879 1,251 684 1,241 43 3 6,528 39 261 861 612 10,754 445 1,534 96 2,040 1,201 158 12 2,256 3,485 4,050 711 2,122 339 701 6,333 4,828 136 421 12 159 49 90 20 2,980 212 14 450 65 20 496 113 11 1 18 54 1,185 508 677 194 605 1,016 2,822 235 53 617 2,879 914 664 926 35 4,338 145 20 233 10, 556 445 597 96 2,030 903 152 9 2,243 3,441 4,035 •549 469 365 11 616 459 150 6 1 31 118 60 11 58 25 33 87 408 1,811 7,877 197 58 331 16 290 1,872 250 17 13 9 229 168 805 10 295 2 3 12 22 152 1,607 19 640 31 320 697 48 22 18 84 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. tl8,970,795 15,699,638 1,798,008 277, 711 1,195,438 24,578 196,510 42,534 141,772 12,204 67,696,765 191,513 32,196 2,956,497 97,464 168,066 2,600,452 2,102,002 465, 168 33,282 11,687 54,200 92,190 2,633,338 1,166,581 1,466,757 195,107 1,422,351 2,905,750 15,608,770 1,030,625 1,369,143 13,450,020 2,269,865 1,950,677 2,425,303 201,420 2,570 14,521,1)53 346,599 40,813 432,748 1,922,544 637,354 47,418,119 1,299,019 3,938,715 1,622,102 22,373,787 2,400,253 203,037 71,314 4,455,468 7,978,100 6,981,940 1,023,087 2,116,672 11,660 811, 151 175,691 1,088,031 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 641 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture.' POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. RentoJ factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ot power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent> ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. $446,023 313,243 63,870 35,327 1,975 23,100 19,800 3,300 386,027 17,209 4,000 78,046 2,675 78,190 70, 107 7,303 780 1,820 1,820 11,949 147,408 73,230 74,178 14,472 34,931 158,375 382, 160 55,356 1,300 65,586 222,334 85,470 119,975 111,406 6,652 580,871 32,140 6,310 38, 770 149,266 42,211 520,983 32,099 83,755 29,800 496,427 132,820 10,321 13, 889 72,939 422,548 176,117 93,884 177,233 96, 070 4,900 2,624 I 73,642 I {364,916 270,327 27,684 15, 118 51,787 , 19,457 1,872 17,060 525 446,331 15,468 500 65,674 3,454 2,090 50,493 42,545 7,948 2,164 5,325 8,196 80,690 26,153 54,537 19,082 13,223 129,299 236,523 43,807 1,701 74, 130 332, 134 98,015 39,133 93,852 1,118 728,915 29,234 1,858 17, 435 115, 183 34,588 419, 806 27, 107 67,203 30,655 444,130 318,401 14,592 5,929 31,863 221, 825 192,351 69,971 214,046 3,654 68,124 2,268 17,201 132,799 I $3,960,588 3,067,672 536,378 77,297 279,241 10,207 90,502 26,139 54,274 10,089 2,141,492 137, 169 24,010 293,647 63,088 17,390 420,107 333,165 79, 830 7,112 6,588 23,861 47,326 699,378 332, 837 366, 541 167, 793 278,668 1,450,679 4, 736, 698 202,990 49,096 416,616 1,902,912 764,044 523,085 698,212 1,775 3,888,999 150,931 22, 255 215, 768 653,449 215,391 5,918,205 231,293 652,369 82, 390 1,992,322 873, 520 105,459 8,112 883,491 2,484,077 2,888,909 375, 718 939,998 11, 349 521,038 18,381 104,874 284,356 $62,557 60,644 1,101 812 13,668 , 350 13,318 77,120 2,766 800 1,845 100 20,630 19,750 880 338 25 1,620 1,580 40 22,148 64,118 2,264 76 1,348 22 116 400 65,402 492 960 501 13,294 500,866 215 541 15, 431 115, 780 456 i,316 i,543 233,881 26,608 $158,133 128,937 12,044 9,013 8,139 1,656 14, 733 1,965 10, 700 2,068 4,895 18,090 2,300 4,494 1,776 1,089 2,085 1,380 375 330 3,958 2,920 10,227 16, 129 3,339 12, 790 21,653 8,650 19,398 53, 749 9,440 6,000 33,678 1,780 4,121 1,017 15,076 11,785 14,823 744 244,072 13,773 6, .320 10, 740 27, 691 20, 937 183,306 2,250 4,008 5,525 929 16, 620 22, 827 1,853 4,415 145,951 60,259 80,174 98, 749 2,741 45,166 6,142 $119, 139 83,411 19,960 3,943 11,825 214 1,394 223 1,038 133 1,222,701 1,352 30,050 533 1,073 23,810 16,622 6,827 361 194 551 1,055 40, 793 23,244 17,549 767 8,811 24,070 158,269 8,099 3,563 7,374 29,377 20,641 26,547 102,098 2,060 455 6,677 21,279 3,602 196, 192 5,401 40,361 2, 849, 937 2,889,342 26,051 1,555 352 82, 637 81, 452 58,322 9,858 14,725 25 5,898 377 13,205 31,495 • Same number reported for one or 82101°— 18 41 806 7,619 $5,471,335 3,889,939 1,045,778 193,975 341,643 18,171 135, 102 32,980 99,972 2,150 1,875,346 89, 513 34,924 1,657,708 133,064 1,752,601 1,411,132 335,616 6,763 14,373 44,773 38, 583 829,834 281, 658 548,176 453,345 3, 136, 700 9,032,580 828,416 17, 861 532, 956 8,085,260 997, 177 686,785 1,366,461 258,294 490 6,632,409 196,485 18, 081 472, 592 555, 758 727, 112 32, 578, 102 189, 616 1, 733, 227 1, 175, 604 4,559,968 984, 920 139,908 115,477 1,990,804 6, 168, 134 1,666,026 1,430,756 2,861,275 19,032 1,160,270 47,622 256,759 1,368,692 $176, 617 122,241 4,820 22,692 1,338 3,464 720 2,149 595 4,076,047 6,068 521 131, 039 1,000 3,544 76, 823 62,299 13,564 960 84 1,417 1,707 35,247 12,768 22, 479 4,541 16,973 67, 959 234,091 16,000 67,988 17,379 716,661 43,870 152, 055 54,789 3,102 260 77, 723 8,954 710 16,391 35,801 6,395 615,959 180, 626 61,896 57, 926 360, 185 22,922 2,844 848 19,568 108,751 229,077 25,370 34, 909 218 19,729 1,393 3,019 10, 550 $13,826,765 10, 008, 408 2,459,634 412,323 946,400 37, 259 448,465 92,546 336,376 19,544 15,751,637 371,689 92, 773 2, 688, 733 232,626 337, 686 2,668,048 2,079,840 562,045 26,163 41,843 114,085 167,309 2,322,593 1,001,670 1,320,923 737,294 864,722 5,762,048 17,419,077 1,350,408 180,212 1,262,034 11,376,008 2,267,090 2,075,765 2j 847, 049 326,901 9,163 14,175,857 529,262 69,968 • 960, 063 1, 908, 646 1,309,049 45, 265, 434 816, 713 3,060,254 4, 789, 601 15, 608, 044 2,931,840 428,572 155,717 4, 378, 974 10, 650, 867 6,734,313 2,601,818 4,918,886 47,927 1,988,364 113, 576 618,637 2,260,382 $8,178,813 5,996,228 1,386,992 213,628 682,065 17, 750 309, 899 68, 845 234,255 16, 799 9, 800, 244 276, 008 57,328 799,986 98,462 51,548 838,724 606,409 212,865 19,460 27,386 67,895 127,019 1,467,512 707,244 760,268 332, 927 394,404 2,657,389 8,162,406 506,993 104,363 711, 699 2, 674, 197 1,226,043 1,236,925 1,425,799 65,605 8,413 7, 465, 725 323,823 51, 177 471, 080 1,317,087 676,542 12,071,373 446, 471 1, 255, 131 3, 566, 071 10, 687, 891 1,923,998 285, 820 39, 392 2,368,602 4,373,982 4, 849, 210 1,045,692 2,032,702 28,677 808,366 64,561 269.859 871,240 10,666 8,569 238 1,016 7 120 24 72 24 11,462 114 1,481 31 90 1,244 930 182 132 56 20 2,223 1,098 1,125 52 976 1,857 12,309 814 2,400 679 28,507 2,073 1,826 120 4,272 106 40 352 2,278 218 26, 534 997 4,605 473 12,100 943 95 22 15,679 13,929 15^460 1,032 461 6 221 20 40 164 7,846 6,154 702 160 9,807 25 1,207 916 160 125 1,105 440 900 1,392 7,666 275 1,822 390 23,550 1,724 641 2,261 120 642 479 16 114 77 37 1,128 1,381 30 20,652 537 3,560 303 11,342 770 36 9,281 10,073 11,416 410 78 78 75 317 15 1,206 1,156 50 410 410 111 833 7 160 1,202 25 468 872 1,540 12 75 2,715 280 843 195 455 126 10 445 6 860 4,667 430 1,072 780 75 76 141 7 84 15 50 19 1,589 45 6 15 45 20 594 171 423 52 76 315 1,611 244 278 178 3,281 154 1,178 442 31^ftfZ&&- by M/CrOSO^i^™^^ "P"**"^ throughout the year. 1,817 71 32 344 822 146 186 165 768 173 40 22 959 2,906 502 361 6 131 20 40 164 2,778 2,046 700 32 1,627 257 588 250 218 1,531 12 45 125 3,482 774 162 1,010 9,354 70 817 1,475 1,178 300 277 302 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 42 46 642 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nroUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber Of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST BEPBESENTATITE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- In- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials. Brass and other metal Violins and other stringed in- struments. All other Musical instruments, organs Musical instruments, pianos Musical instruments, piano and or- gan materials. Piano materials Organ materials Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes.. Oil, not elsewhere specified Fish oil Oleo oil All other Optical goods , Paints , Paper and wood pulp Paper goods_,, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds . . Paving materials Pens, fountain and stylographic. Perfumery and cosmetics Photographic materials Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces. Preserves Pickles and sauces Pipes, tobacco Plated ware Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Pottery Chmaware , Earthen and stone ware Printing and publishing, book and job. Job work only Book printing and publishing. . . Book pubhshing without print- ing. Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pumps, steam Refrigerators Regaua and society badges and em- blems. Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Saddlery and harness Scales and balances. , Screws, machine Sewing machines Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildiBg. New vessels Repair work only , Small boats , Masts, spars, oars, and rigging . . . * Owned 171 9 8 68 887 137 168 443 197 7 3 82 60 16 9 13 103 6 8 17 29 4 6 13 508 105 132 318 6 2,484 1 69 187 92 2,135 22 25 4 10 196 369 41 80 19 . 26 3 8 27 10 1 4 26 20 5 2 21 21 4 4 103 282 28 62 11 238 15 5 13 13 192 9 19 24 17 7 241 2,627 1,441 1,324 117 7 2 12 7 6 12 63 43 'I 3 154 21 17 4 9 66 16 15 1 205 2,352 1,349 1,246 103 4 16 8 3 5 591 378 96 208 74 3 11 8 ""3 17 28 8 13 7 22 18 7 6 5 14 18 4 4 10 636 303 69 185 49 13 22 86 49 130 2,692 578 14,409 5,315 1,374 14 6 32 21 98 55 43 263 309 94 158 105 492 630 163 109 31 221 307 125 2,356 394 13,401 4,048 894 11 3 16 4 27 376 105 198 86 746 1 3 8 "'is' 13 5 9 13 51 13 11 10 "'92' 7 6 6 4 48 342 80 166 69 642 30 15 15 3 6 483 341 142 46 399 20 8 12 3 29 18 11 "'ii' 65 44 21 2 6 16 16 ...... 353 265 98 41 372 19 756 7 28 63 31 627 10 8 4 4 434 159 37 122 14 4 2 2 17 10 4 6 12 1 ...... 14 6 1 5 377 138 30 108 741 9,601 716 403 229 16 400 775 7,062 6,309 748 6 684 11 46 7,847 824 930 669 19 28 326 15 62 314 26 435 9 216 5 14 40 37 120 456 10,660 288 581 2,415 1,617 520 1,344 391 457 6,032 71 189 5,826 3,742 20 132 213 211 3,585 2,422 196 6 1,092 42 136 2 157 7 278 5 496 3 25 25 7 11 12 1,366 173 120 2 9 6 35 12 9 102 5 17 33 6 10 1,194 141 78 42 5,417 3 128 410 133 4,743 43 326 46 7 9 4 260 61 4 17 7 463 34 407 1,167 63 2 12 3 12 4 16 25 31 3 14 101 8 2 10 16 349 23 355 1,022 81 16 10 61 4 665 267 100 181 17 only. /" 81 15 7 55 4 )igii 31 19 9 3 7 5 2 11 5 2 4 435 223 80 119 13 d powei '■ize dt )y/l \/licn Je 734 My 116 Ja 144 Au 333 Ja 3,811 Jy» 109 Au De 216 Mb 227 Ja 2,587 Mh 1,429 Fe 112 Fe 576 Ja 78 Fe ' 190 Ja 56 Je 2, 605 Jy 425 My 13, 668 Fe 4,268 Ja 1,039 De8 Se Au My 810 82 186 83 560 Ja Oo Jy3 305 104 46 394 673 Mh 463 De 32 111 Mh 6,568 Ap 793 Fe 8 Ja 128 My 3,647 Oc 2,506 Au" Oc3 Ja 1,377 Ja 160 Oc 83 Mh 5,282 De 345 De 386 Ja 29 No 388 Ja 1,102 My 307 Je 140 Je 149 Oo2 14 Ja Au Je Je 353 94 125 308 Se 1,072 De 93 De» Oo Ja No Au 2, De 1,117 No 91 Jy 489 Jy 60 Jy 177 De' 46 Se 2, 188 De 375 Au 13,068 De 3,769 Je 774 Fe Au De De Se 77 130 87 525 Ja My De Ja De 239 88 27 333 580 338 Oc3 29 De ' 106 Au 6,019 Jy 698 De' 4 Au 112 Jy 3,534 Au 2,299 Je Ap' De 1,057 Au 108 Au 71 Au 4,139 Ja 241 Ap 342 Oc 18 Se 331 Oc 922 621 101 127 327 2,517 95 302 27 59 216 198 2,274 1,308 1,213 95 688 298 68 184 46 2,378 378 13,373 4,043 947 482 82 176 66 636 363 248 105 27 367 636 360 139 33 106 7,040 6,264 770 6 121 6,020 3,613 2,383 24 27 1,196 168 4,750 345 356 22 376 952 429 210 79 127 13 Ja 136 De' 58 De 100 Fe 11 ^ power, other than electric. 509 96 124 313 2,478 237 20 ' 56 161 193 2,187 1,155 1,076 80 292 68 184 40 1,681 353 9,273 2,334 481 476 60 52 54 600 204 137 67 124 117 11 106 4,975 4,611 469 5 5,232 3,362 1,867 13 27 1,164 158 41 3,952 313 341 22 340 907 208 78 127 13 7 2 81 4 83 183 138 16 6 694 21 4,084 1,633 460 22 123 11 29 148 110 38 34 228 21 21 1,908 1,694 310 1 209 475 10 29 "is' 701 32 14 127 ,50 .W .4 4 12 99 77 4 2 6 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 6 2 3 5 1 1 20 12,000,848 440,616 213,612 260,122 7,183,011 820,129 318,809 34,658 79,687 204,464 599,296 9,459,742 2,409,982 2,131,108 278,874 1,175,920 1,708,068 688,200 668,804 354,064 3,726,288 2,267,361 47,979,966 9,500,842 3,967,433 617,961 169,618 840,215 187,958 500,621 1,006,432 789,791 216,641 41,404 667,069 1,162,383 ■'522,690 198,530 29,709 165,821 18,276,525 10,414,308 1,235,734 668,098 18,420,327 10,980,182 6,361,426 1,078,719 92,184 6,638,323 290,778 138,607 17,345,185 661,174 594,276 30,362 1,112,732 3,064,633 788,574 315,589 165,415 253,472 54,098 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 643 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Offldals. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. . Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.^ Wafer wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. (120,434 55,918 15,738 23,405 152,800 17,865 3,000 8,275 6,590 30,660 219,326 123,619 112,749 10,900 47,416 65,403 17,840 24,817 22,746 196,723 104,527 1,040,275 379,725 290,466 35,100 10,550 26,600 27,116 124,132 61,601 42,532 19,069 36,207 73,273 48,316 9,680 3,430 6,250 998,826 704,936 35,825 258,065 29,891 1,794,160 949,665 490,645 353,850 16,800 116,746 36,999 12,160 459,407 7,188 30,904 6,200 35,868 96, 779 58,607 44,405 11,097 3,105 $112, 190 9,492 16,299 22,653 163,778 41,629 25,646 5,600 3,146 17,000 14,002 180,500 32,852 28,235 4,617 31,630 25,704 7,781 6,675 11,248 195,620 140,424 864, 152 938,040 241,743 14,386 29,446 17,414 1,565 1^8,628 ill, 727 81,791 31,936 1,439 17,228 79,797 30,492 4,248 416 3,832 1,395,795 454,971 30,041 910,783 59,027 3,461,841 2,098,457 791,039 572,345 6,544 163,807 11,650 17,934 512,969 27,022 4,106 18,674 130,972 13,009 8,331 2,733 1,945 $332,796 61,456 85,076 247,692 1,566,698 72,624 204,522 17,854 39,841 146, 827 200,490 1,526,669 783,362 700,817 82,645 267,800 197, 006 42, 893 121,668 32,445 1,390,181 234,498 7,548,620 2, 115, 037 473,034 207,817 60,998 63,720 35,844 492,817 204,996 138, 650 66.346 26, 155 268, 179 375,247 172,486 85,305 15,975 69,330 4,837,871 4,261,200 574, 916 1,755 76,233 6,364,438 3,632,498 1, 723, 768 8,172 20,835 772,435 123,006 56,587 2,845,043 173,668 247,806 14,005 205,376 617,630 328,025 172,278 55,546 89,091 11, 110 $150 2,226 334 1,363 57,884 82 2,212 1,862 350 225 692 692 840 640 991 212,576 1,198 7,261 26,002 2,682 2,682 2,228,472 172,000 14, 493 2,041,979 142,374 1,729,692 90,799 309, 143 1,329,750 10,034 360 1,509 1,539 300 1,014 11,842 9,429 738 1,675 $48,299 4,680 10,900 31,658 1,940 12,830 19,585 3,858 6,660 9,067 1,211 105,979 36,020 35,840 180 5,663 37,452 3,452 33,000 1,000 5,380 14,422 206,439 68,034 92, 111 7,960 4,065 15,236 49,924 46,316 39,184 7,132 2,300 4,200 21,756 6,831 852 862 539,560 463, 701 11, 778 64,081 18,427 441,436 236,017 128,071 77,348 9,062 5,590 4,940 9,722 16,820 12,589 25,603 2,115 11,721 8,357 35,154 25,129 2,960 6,483 692 $24, 136 6,703 3,267 2,206 90,450 5,431 3,005 236 411 2,358 4,710 89,225 21,867 18,771 3,096 11,844 16, 139 6,362 4,591 5,186 32,289 30,213 563,659 100, 171 67,923 8,136 684 10,833 2,681 3,629 10,745 8,602 2,143 410 8,062 8,585 4,700 4,900 21 4,879 121,432 87, 844 6,706 4,783 215,247 138,618 70,791 5,838 927 31,502 3,777 594 146,872 5,677 8,118 325 6,579 42,111 8,685 $1,049,916 263,484 224,683 77,684 $25,093 14,050 5,654 5,714 3,138,695 56,269 985,568 157,820 12,668 40,360 11,749 4,844 648 359 104,802 3,837 175,516 2,246,956 1,166,470 8,681 66,897 39,613 1,097,672 67,798 32,369 7,244 175,917 2,193,086 809,979 947,847 435,260 13,797 46,216 7,319 35,920 2,977 1,177,059 1,780,392 23, 889, 103 5,703,470 2,113,809 18,627 48,697 2,721,645 133,370 25,237 150,889 156, 613 684, 160 142,058 153,966 26,842 1,081 975 7,428 16,806 1,620,549 1,156,202 364,347 22,072 212, 729 20,155 16,435 3,720 765 17,053 569,098 26, 134 336,567 26,096 1,173 23,922 2,983 11,567 1,444 10,123 6,344,811 168, 927 3,971,996 812,141 560,674 158,002 10,261 674 169,295 2,669 8,202,009 247,134 5,938,185 1,819,202 146,186 100,474 444,622 49,822 474 959 1,097,635 205,376 116,318 51,341 4,516 702 13,800,293 341,445 491,026 "~- 4,844 2,019,964 20,422 213,439 492,209 27,514 1,068 16,862 23,151 385,373 9,900 206,635 43.153 105;000 30,585 4,421 1,779 2,747 953 $2,441,676 488,646 440,572 595,282 7,021,312 1,562,933 418, 845 50,130 126,717 241,998 470,514 5,305,164 2,437,673 2,222,742 214,931 677, 119 2,975,366 1,008,204 1,387,304 579,858 3,993,335 3,331,782 43,352,545 10,599,526 5, 782, 216 612,411 401,678 1, 135, 133 265, 178 1, 180, 289 2,360,610 1,723,716 626, 894 67,627 588,826 1,330,495 738,964 170,405 34,649 135,756 20,245,246 12,926,506 1,822,625 5,496,215 609,956 26,719,398 16,002,428 7,081,242 3,635,728 155,084 3,792,950 454,292 262,526 23,011,349 836,624 2,722,167 60,421 570,612 1,660,867 1,061,115 $1,366,667 211,112 210, 235 511,884 3,827,348 655,626 256, 181 36,824 85,998 133,359 286,317 2,992,301 1,232,590 1,092,701 139, 889 387,405 736,064 190,906 403,537 141,621 2,797,749 1,502,693 16,741,797 4,762,686 3,643,169 434,680 243,884 649,998 116,692 1,010,617 809,906 551,079 258, 827 34,690 359,044 735,263 399,404 133, 743 32,032 101,711 14,731,508 8,796,508 1,000,133 4,934,867 447,992 18,270,255 9,918,067 5,161,666 3,190,632 104,303 2,643,974 244,400 145, 606 8,869,611 340,664 674,689 28,931 340, 221 1,146,507 665,842 3,757 206,636 4,421 563,436 352,380 1,855 43.153 1,779 144,948 100,016 2,531 105;000 2,747 299,194 191,447 642 30,585 953 53,637 21,999 "Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 855 1,507 185 321 349 603 80 70 64 4 840 432 55 105 249 72 2,104 690 ..:.... 100 1,314 195 667 302 27 50 280 40 10 73 56 3 . 47 35 135 279 71 14 3 2 225 30 6 135 54 180 2,595 2,330 40 2,110 1,745 60 40 100 ""165" 102 80 340 383 ""5i2' 81 2,136 195 390 885 117 719 49 1,745 100 90 12 200 183 200 504 24 474 6. 81 55' 5 50 190 370 85 245 40 11 8 3 3,048 1,219 133,860 7,619 1,241 2,546 718 68,620 5,880 528 65 48 260 216 165 400 "5i,'8ii" 60 48 453 13, 169 1,363 548 2,108 116 14,412 1,612 23 2,651 24 38 233 301 1,746 906 24 38 183 298 60 ie' 60 3 515 462 63 30 1,099 226 224 2 '""926' 109 107 2 14 75" 180 131 49 16 104 112 112 ""ibi' 888 136 188 85 480 30 68 249 19 230 6,638 68 38 8 30 4,905 36' 36' 867 200 '""266" 1,445 11 11 276 12 5,880 768 720 725 276 12 4,872 33 117 750 96 96 10,051 1,814 329 30 7,878 933 6,128 3,922 547 1,267 67 262 36' 5,514 2,363 10 923 1 19 3,138 253 29 1 19 2,093 40 19 825 980 120 25 93 10 40 17,515 12,236 75 810 4,394 3,953 89 970 26 862 1,642 60 147 "'"i25' 1,250 39 748 16 582 91 1 ' '336' 75 10 145 10 ""'29i" 1,513 696 269 548 2 761 291 403 58 420 185 91 71 44 154 270 62 158 58 2" 644 MANUFACTURES—MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEO. IS, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. MaJe. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of — Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties . Signs, other than electric . . . Advertising novelties Silk goods, including throwsters . Finished products Throwsters and winders Silversmi thing and silverware . . . Slaughtering and meat packing. . Soap Sporting and athletic goods Springs, steel, car and carriage Stamped ware Stationery goods ,n ot elsewhere spec- ified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus. Steam packing Stencils ^d brands Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sm-gical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tmware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Chewing Smoking and snufl Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Cigars Cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified Shovels, spades, scoops, and hoes Carpenters' Machinists' Another Toys and games Trunks and vaUses Umbrellas and canes Upholstering materials, not else- where specified. Varnishes Vinegar and cider Vinegar Cider Waste Watch and dock materials.. Whips Window and door screens and weather strips. Window sliades and fixtures Wire Wirework, including woven-wire fencing. Wood, turned and carved , Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wool scouring , Wool shoddy Woolen and worsted goods All other industries * 14 1,956 16 25 12 18 1,885 12 102 11 5 3 4 79 20 475 13 24 30 22 3S6 9 147 5 14 10 6 112 11 328 8 10 20 16 274 19 4,724 10 44 117 68 4,495 15 4,367 6 39 108 61 4,163 4 357 4 5 9 7 332 •11 2,039 2 35 143 68 1,791 46 3,737 34 62 368 60 3,233 32 634 20 32 82 40 460 15 1,385 9 23 43 35 1,276 7 60 11 3 1 46 17 752 10 40 41 35 626 27 2,990 13 85 260 166 2,467 13 164 15 11 2 4 132 21 3,642 7 93 274 93 3,176 11 104 4 12 14 3 71 17 58 15 4 1 1 37 15 318 12 22 22 12 250 13 1,621 23 37 81 34 1,446 51 2,044 31 91 218 42 1,662 14 319 16 12 25 18 249 30 3,207 18 77 97 87 2,928 15 791 15 22 38 31 685 15 59 15 6 7 31 4 11 8 51 5 10 3 28 6 7 321 4,430 344 67 92 32 3,895 310 4,387 337 62 91 30 3,867 H 43 7 5 1 2 28 100 5,168 83 143 251 153 4,638 3 319 2 8 12 3 294 4 194 2 7 3 4 178 13 1,632 7 39 84 62 1,340 80 3,123 72 89 152 84 2,726 18 1,486 14 21 39 31 1,381 25 490 26 25 41 21 377 7 110 6 3 14 4 83 8 221 2 12 8 2 197 12 217 3 20 77 21 96 53 151 63 4 1 5 78 13 42 14 1 2 26 40 109 49 3 1 3 53 11 884 9 26 32 17 800 5 177 7 3 3 6 158 21 1,215 22 35 127 35 996 23 159 27 5 8 6 113 14 134 10 10 11 6 97 8 3,226 10 94 160 62 2,899 30 2,193 13 44 108 78 1,950 62 1,502 66 46 31 20 1,339 18 473 19 11 5 8 430 10 625 3 22 19 4 577 17 614 11 30 20 7 446 166 54,919 85 492 605 360 53,377 164 20,715 94 451 1,463 499 18,208 De 2,023 My 94 Ap 118 De » 301 Ja 4,365 Mh 362 De 1,877 Ja 3,659 Fe 495 De 1,362 Je' 53 Ja 700 Mh 2,621 Je 141 Mh 3,286 Ja Ja Ap 43 264 Mh 1,576 Au 1, 705 Des 263 Mh 3,071 Oc 796 Ap 32 Fe 3,993 Fea 32 De 309 Ap 187 Ja 1,484 Ja 2,860 Oc 1, 782 Ap 412 Je 93 No 231 Ap a 111 Oc 51 No 145 Mh 839 De 181 Ap 1,034 Jes My Ja 173 105 3,174 Mh 2,036 Ap 1,451 Mh 440 638 621 Ap 57,036 Mh De Au 1,680 De 71 De 3 104 Jy 250 Au 3,904 Au 302 Jy 1,692 My 2,996 Au 422 Au 1,109 T)e> 37 Oc 543 Jy 2,240 Oc 117 De 2,994 Oc 69 De» 33 De« 230 Ja 1,270 Mh 1,604 Jy 213 De 2,697 Fe 611 Oc Jy 3,781 No 3 25 Jy 282 De 166 No 1,205 No 2,619 Ja Ja Se Jy S6» 306 77 177 83 Mj- Au Oc Ja 14 22 760 123 951 74 Au 91 De 2,661 De 1,830 Ja Oc 1,239 416 Je 499 Oc 381 De 47,187 1,874 74 402 105 4,533 4,226 308 1,804 3,433 465 1,373 37 658 2,509 129 3,176 36 236 1,397 1,674 266 2,947 30 3 27 3,864 3,838 4,467 296 166 1,354 2,661 1,439 392 88 207 102 146 41 105 822 181 953 102 2,933 1,832 1,330 435 615 522 56,245 841 72 217 96 121 1,401 1,312 89 1,674 3,391 37 586 1,053 129 66 35 212 1,392 1,660 198 1,036 577 16 2 14 2,816 2,800 16 4,175 291 166 1,218 2,500 937 290 39 190 144 41 103 500 62 678 67 2,840 1,437 1,269 585 492 33,120 1,022 1 181 3,019 217 213 118 364 61 1,418 16 5 6 67 1,787 65 14 1 13 1,038 1,028 10 244 118 126 442 76 49 13 6 1 1 320 115 265 34 90 379 29 7 30 30 21,538 10 37 591 17 92 10 996 tl, 780, 445 81,452 360,393 88,456 261,937 11,089,598 10,665,497 424, 101 6,146,836 18,470,685 3,421,150 2,239,473 69,190 1,210,182 4,747,454 451,511 7,365,324 207,916 40,818 306,626 2,984,888 3,232,072 634,852 5,060,141 3,815,206 84,942 10,080 74,862 4,243,369 4,163,567 79,812 14,410,951 2,386,573 353,470 6,409,840 5,261,068 1,728,045 716,081 90,256 1,059,640 914,027 423,964 170,285 253,679 1,964,200 137,996 2,516,156 136,413 260,969 8,244,816 5,420,293 1,756,118 568,613 1,515,096 1,370,298 138,999,182 . 92,144,424 ' Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Aluminum ware 3 Ammunition 2 Artificial flowers 1 Artists' materials 2 Asbestos products 3 Babbitt and type metal and solder- . . 5 Bags, other than paper 6 Bags, paper, not mcluding bags made in paper roills 1 Belting and hose, rubber 3 Bluing 6 Bone and lamp black 2 Butter, reworking 1 Candles 1 Cardboard, not made in paper mills.. 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 1 Cars, steam-iiilroad, ^npt lncl»id4ng operations jiLwitoM/^^lgiea^ w 3; hmes 3 Cashregistersand Charcoal 2 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Coke, not including- gas-house coke. . . 1 Collars and cuffs, men's 1 Cork, cutting 2 Crucibles 2 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- •. rijsts', sunphegc(yc\ 3 /Pt^ts^w&WS) •■•■• 2 Engravers'inaterials. 1 Explosives 2 Fertilizers 4 Fire extinguishers, chemical 2 Foundry supplies 1 Furs, dressed 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 4 Glass 2 Glucose and starch 4 Hat and cap materials 2 Hats, wool lelt 2 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INBTJgTRlES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 645 EXPENSE.S. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors." Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBHSfED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. S38,921 7,550 48,211 24,975 23,236 238,632 230,078 8,554 137,303 144,475 95,894 49,920 4,250 141,676 331, 147 24,100 321,868 22,413 5,148 41,646 117,418 209,718 16,448 226,849 54,098 6,250 5,250 159,392 153,732 6,660 364,012 21,480 16,667 132,367 194,608 60,687 41,778 3,472 31,004 76,311 8,360 1,000 7,360 67,323 3,381 81,963 8,604 12,760 197,022 154, 160 61,819 15,976 33,315 74,412 1,973,808 1,586,493 121,367 3,408 46,383 14,086 32,297 352,330 335,990 16,340 382,664 373,213 104,305 60,550 520 76,864 500,323 6,508 333,944 19,331 2,316 22,261 123,032 61,231 190,667 63,131 5,880 5,880 151, 511 146,866 5,665 489,847 22,543 5,766 218, 388 243,160 81,884 54, 681 18, 142 11,563 108,749 2.906 716 2, 190 44,992 4,683 272,941 10, 160 17,581 231,322 176,365 46,432 8,576 22, 110 1,030,153 2,147,326 $778,677 60,352 J19,625 6,826 101,071 91,725 9,346 $7,888 354 3,246 1,544 1,702 211,258 83,757 127,501 S325 100 225 2,091,891 1,965,963 125,938 1, 199, 866 234,414 232,221 2,193 11,677 9,437 2,240 8,345 44,823 53,899 48,892 5,007 42,466 148,627 1,893,645 41,311 260,473 767,126 37,126 373,642 1,248,491 3,803 34,462 143 4,992 200 22,964 4,827 1,746 15,407 61,475 33,514 12,961 499 12,564 31,309 106,887 2,018,627 66,893 26,441 953 11,971 21, 436 3,779 73,512 5,954 7,490 17,332 1,190 491 3,399 167,449 42 1,115,896 1,227,649 3,094 11,929 2,395 39,480 36,814 32,010 149,265 1,411,316 275 24,730 12,318 21,014 7,297 60,406 340,706 12,297 31, 327 13,260 31, 433 5,688 1,790 2,180 3,608 89,351 86, 167 3,184 3,139 28,294 681,641 655,479 26,162 171,233 7,064 2,361 83,411 78,397 10,507 3,097,698 3,082.837 14,761 2,836,009 145,313 104, 787 2,043 2,043 7,199 29,084 540 5,324 23,220 831, 208 1,754,701 7,199 636,487 223,695 311 6,345 26,933 6,440 1,876 14, 678 8,189 960 7,499 29,671 105,100 67,466 3,000 2,375 7,636 47,276 16 406 1,368 100 1,268 2,923 3,348 1,562 1,786 20,134 1,037 20,020 30,870 308,606 2,923 28,391 870 24,837 84,457 493,170 621 1,345 66,601 1,222 7,941 815 54,365 2,005,164 1,079,129 258 15,282 6,693 7,738 7,588 24,669 2,077 65, 170 55,534 588,277 1,926 13,051 16,569 218,029 1,902 7,661 12,315 333,741 240,059 26,928,480 12,271,221 3,300 5,180 139,409 132,193 17,434 10,980 1,186,003 637,394 360,032 3,076 $1,367,015 89, 155 282,337 101,923 177,414 6,852,544 6,276,479 576,066 1,946,907 45,201,441 2,411,326 1,»56,579 36,863 545,690 3,611,797 52, 663 1,869,772 147,979 14,286 112,625 816,440 2,036,512 1,027,876 3,633,586 1,213,485 87,452 15,036 72,416 3,708,201 3,631,020 77,181 2,362,039 267. 408 33,230 466,846 1,585,556 1,106,947 646,395 141, 479 1,214,443 783,374 194,934 97,747 97, 187 3,308,642 33,566 1, 153, 780 110,259 386. 409 4,265,454 2,286,834 727,027 420,765 668,117 1,197,677 78,238,832 44,349,881 $14,963 2,694 6,684 2,840 3,744 108, 593 97,418 11, 175 50,896 64,694 27,419 4,302 22,828 40,273 2,005 149,041 3,420 1,080 15,800 76, 149 11,144 47,100 13,320 149 710 14,296 13,802 494 208,332 16,452 5,102 47,046 139, 733 22,994 3,393 2,410 17,530 1,936 2,901 29,574 3,646 14, 149 2,860 2,443 390,611 44,081 ^^ 20,103 4,126 59,111 69,023 2,914,061 2,975,721 $3,396,080 202,399 724,640 295,042 10,676,681 9,854,151 822, 530 4,953,595 51,724,520 4,671,310 3,423,980 110,264 1,437,909 6,511,512 282,200 5,910,286 311,047 85,760 485,371 2,983,«32 4,311,823 1,459,021 6,323,312 2, 144, 455 200, 672 23, 416 177,256 9,068,728 8,924,076 144,662 8,619,903 634, 606 180,213 2,543,016 5,262,068 2,536,988 1, 138, 108 215, 656 1,477,198 1,543,958 391, 159 151,246 239.913 3,779,872 165, 755 2,804,281 271,578 689, 072 8,389,073 4,877,699 1,761,668 788,363 1,406,674 1,903,016 127,361,434 73,892,103 $2,014,112 110,550 435, 619 187, 279 248,340 4,715,544 4,480,264 235,290 2,966,792 6,296,181 2,195,290 1,439,982 69,109 869,391 2,959,442 227, 642 3,891,473 159,648 70, 394 356,946 2,091,243 2,228,048 420,001 2, 742, 626 917,650 112,361 8,231 104, 130 5,346,231 6,279,264 66,977 6,059,632 350, 746 141, 881 2,030,125 3,636,780 1,407,047 488,320 71, 767 245,225 751,491 191,388 61,663 139,826 441,658 128,543 1,636,352 158, 459 200,220 3, 733, lOS 2,546,784 1,014,538 363,462 679, 446 636, 416 46, 198, 541 26,566,501 460 167 177 90 87 6,635 5,657 978 1,631 5,772 1,400 1,188 82 1,481 1,282 60 2,810 164 25 489 1,961 2,416 322 1,660 342 183 6 177 166 143 13 717 490 3,454 4,008 1,119 69 50 1,014 192 963 307 656 1,950 30 758 227 46 15, 142 2,648 3,175 1,568 4,479 3,106 139,622 41, 469 378 1,805 1,396 410 1,132 3,594 1,082 440 400 285 1,257 67 1,110 1,260 300 1,230 150 35 35 4,080 480 140 1,446 1,995 640 6 468 223 246 1,310 345 7,273 1,685 1,760 952 2,590 1,765 110,222 31, 277 704 679 25 75 66 25 110 150 265 130 290 609 60 60 24 376 5 5 20 11 207 189 75 45 117 96 295 79 156 838 684 1,587 1,212 375 215 375 100 130 130 187 197 75 142 142 335 3 40 614 716 480 1,215 1,010 22,277 714 67 142 177 90 87 2,539 2,371 168 209 2,112 293 263 82 931 731 55 1,629 72 25 434 701 865 22 282 161 14 161 138 13 2,832 93 1,499 1,240 309 58 30 443 97 146 76 70 230 27 70 43 7,236 967 404 47 674 176 6,285 8,794 96 913 868 45 585 110 200 1,171 307 404 1,257 184 1,442 694 290 1 2,617 15 50 1,197 1,355 105 ""to 460 64 15 63,607 20,719 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Horseshoes 3 Ink, printing 1 Ink, writing 3 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Lard, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Lead , bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Matcnes 1 Nets and seines 2 Oakun 1 Oil, essential 1 Oilcloth, enameled 2 Oleomargarine 1 Paper patterns 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 2 Pens, gold 2 Phonographs and graphophones 1 Photographic apparatus 1 Pumps, not i^crp^^j^j^y. Roomig mateutii. Sand and emery paper and cloth 1 Sand-lime brick 1 Saws 10 Screws, wood 2 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 3 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 3 Soda-water apparatus 5 Stoves, gas and oil.^^ 3 Type founding a Typewriter supplies & Vault Ughts and ventilators 2 Wall paper, not made in paper mills. 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Watches 2 Windmills l Wool pulling , 1 646 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY ANP CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. IS, OR NEAREST EEPEESENTAnVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and oyer. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tb day of — Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 BOSTON— All industries Artiflciallimbs 3,138 %,913 2,666 3,192 7,731 4,440 78,894 Mh81,581 Au 76,565 79,944 53,752 24,936 509 747 J215, 176,513 ?, 4 10 9 19 3 3 4 15 53 20 15 16 19 27 312 3 9 3 28 18 .10 5 8 12 6 6 4 176 81 4 91 3 139 59 37 19 8 13 3 17 72 61 11 64 5 8 9 10 30 23 20 24 3 7 9 21 164 3 6 155 17 7 46 33 3 6 5 3d powe 19 242 78 224 12 9 71 207 1,578 685 582 6,935 795 240 3,613 23 233 39 364 290 74 3,786 48 84 40 44 64 5,252 3,769 66 1,427 9 4,648 2,010 1,385 678 145 408 22 826 5,833 5,751 82 1,087 769 82 181 86 1,705 149 72 420 4 67 105 438 6,348 153 682 5,613 312 325 963 627 133 86 "c r only. 2 7 7 17 1 3 ■■'is' 45 16 10 10 12 25 333 4 7 7 27 18 9 6 3 2 1 5 209 79 7 123 4 154 67 38 24 10 11 4 18 44 31 13 81 2 6 3 6 10 26 19 19 4 6 . 6 20 96 93 22 6 44 37 1 2 17 6 9 1 2 15 1 14 2 1 10 4 11 2 12 193 60 173 6 6 52 108 1,402 555 497 6,369 725 185 2,701 18 181 30 309 260 59 3,628 24 33 17 16 56 4,577 3,233 46 1,298 4 3,964 1,688 1,211 572 114 362 17 446 5' 114 5,064 50 810 747 55 117 61 1,481 108 47 347 Au.3 14 Jy 228 Jy 68 Je 277 (<) 6 W 6 Fe.3 55 My 123 No 1,438 N* 620 Ja 553 Fe 6,704 Ja 765 Se 192 Mh 2,763 Jy 20 Oc 274 My 35 Ap 9 De 141 De a 53 De 124 W 6 f) 8 De.3 50 No 3 98 Ja 1,353 Ap 497 Au 463 Se 6,833 De 680 De 172 Se 2,640 De3 17 My 111 De 22 11 186 55 164 6 6 50 105 1,381 706 504 6,690 734 172 2,660 18 184 22 283 229 54 3,681 24 33 18 15 53 4,753 3,244 60 1,449 5 3,938 1,698 1,251 515 109 347 18 437 6,532 5,495 37 845 801 57 122 57 1,460 105 46 363 10 185 64 108 5 5 48 66 608 646 328 3,837 172 168 1,763 6 110 22 283 229 54 3,660 22 22 16 6 53 2,428 1,604 9 815 3 1,171 894 190 42 13 26 6 267 1,332 1,298 34 834 410 29 62 67 1,052 102 45 200 1 1 '"'hi' 1 1 1 49 751 47 175 2,632 641 ■■'883' 12 74 11,537 287^051 53,232 160,261 6,983 1,165 310,126 438,565 974,711 4,677,643 1,117,009 8,455,193 319,776 258,417 3,471,714 15,199 307,614 119,424 348,422 297,636 50,786 3,685,485 186,688 177,020 119,994 57,026 24,525 5,745,389 6,618,730 64 811 71,848 1,050 2,905,122 1,080,002 795,487 600,612 130,825 296,398 1,798 3,559,279 8,031,639 7:799,653 231,986 1,379,027 2,198,762 70,214 437,306 455,129 3,486,548 71,633 45,534 553,128 1,246 53,301 360,562 631,361 13,748,724 182,628 818,916 s 4 Automobile repairing. 1 S 6 7 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . « 7 27 52 30 31 82 25 17 34 6 49 40 56 19 173 19 7 390 6 8 39 29 25 301 14 6 155 1 8 1 2 2 2 4 13 7 6 1 q Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe cut stock .... 10 11 10 13 1 104 1 4 13 12 '217' 20 ..... 12 ■Rnnt, ajiyd shnpi fin(iiTig.e 78 674,309 fifi 123,178 fi7 Metal 113,716 140,449 i a 7 17,822 89,350 107,769 79,888 63,416 347, 694 51,411 22,422 93,223 17,776 61,241 68,834 113,946 30,577 487,003 25,167 7,346 478,760 1,040 32,192 2,418 12,709 10,404 2,305 127,749 7,678 23,693 6,711 16,982 37,100 35' 50' 150 1,000 150 50 1,180 18 4 24 47 72 503 13 33 18 8 15,250 10 1,793 21,626 771 2,227 1,156 12 13 14 15 16 17 16,480 2,293 1,807 12,268 10,565 1,703 147,196 2,696 1 783 1,410 373 870 50,985 37,578 1,181 12,226 200 38,971 16,794 9,752 6,429 2,006 3,746 244 30,481 132, 104 120,878 11,226 17,880 32,740 918 4,036 13,116 46,968 4,037 1,465 4,788 131 6 369 316 53 2,944 88 68 49 19 34 982 666 85 231 3 686 269 186 136 32 57 6 1,114 4,273 3,923 350 652 2,408 19 138 183 1,829 153 30 700 1 37 42 556 7,452 205 658 6,589 49 51 601 332 15 112 142 125 25" 25 6 1 291 238 53 165 51 64 49 15 24 477 265 10 202 3 651 269 179 112 32 53 6 554 1,232 904 328 275 108 19 103 90 683 119 29 690 1 11 34 339 2,613 105 168 2,340 49 51 296 184 5 75 32 3,931 ""162" 162 574 2,391 2,391 9' 1,350 ""'446' 12 2,181 ■■■■344' 1,837 5 53 53 10 18,423 13,908 4,515 42,909 25,800 38,828 12,368 26,460 5,562 241,180 236,610 320 4,250 2,392 2,392 20 21 2,779 32 5,382 6,851 2,713 4,138 7,700 253,351 206,883 3,518 42,950 288 204,059 89,117 55, 218 28,434 9,276 20,700 1,314 84,387 300,688 297,328 3,360 46,690 4,803 4,365 21,895 7,790 59,711 14,540 8,237 30,220 628 6,291 9,893 36,975 167,706 13,928 12,550 141,228 19,999 13,642 84,712 62,069 8,460 8,853 6,340 I «>1 391 391 25 9fi ""455' 380 75 i 10 50 21 27 •^8 396,359 394,681 450 1,228 260 332,988 159,007 82,792 57,645 14,553 18,679 312 516,600 601,586 595,986 5,600 121,383 8,159 7,168 60,963 11,236 134,376 4,334 2,040 20,675 1,422,308 1,410,539 29 30 ?1 11,769 29 32 243,784 118,567 48,519 38,271 6,296 32,131 68,060 35,007 5,954 26,599 13,189 5,328 3,656 1,791 574 1,822 18 32,676 94,459 91,807 2,652 14,788 21,589 618 3,068 3,00S 25,793 175 282 3,607 8 324 4,145 14,635 137,162 4,257 7,420 125,485 5,671 1,446 9,122 3,824 810 1,126 3,362 8 27 34 8 7 16 36 37 IS 500 4 39 40 149,318 394,417 379,837 14,580 102,287 38,299 7 790 23,320 19,720 177,710 9,028 510 2,867 2,867 ""'2i6' 1,700 60 164 142 22 167 10 10 600 '11 296 96 200 745 42 43 44 45 17 68' 1,065 35 25 81 34 1 10 48 3,854, 509 1,163 7,699 50 51 52 63 54 55 56 69,128 5,294 36,948 136,948 690,199 23,872 76,960 689,367 4,557 24,830 94,381 59,636 13,105 12,440 9,200 3,755 98,344 162,043 640,867 3,096 33,921 603,860 66,836 45, 766 58,426 35,984 9,913 7,998 4,531 29,047 27,686 159,817 3,845,456 113,201 355,695 3,376,660 146,276 117,849 541,273 369,531 57,545 40,843 73,354 1,559 610 25,684 234,942 3,489 42,490 188,963 1,877 2,367 14,010 7,095 1,238 1,869 3,818 8 126 4,068 100 240 3,728 26 2,342 8,917 92 771 67 58 GO 400 8,617 11,280 63,724 19,696 18,595 250 521 60 61 165 60 35' 80 140 98 10 2 30 64 65 1,101 67 68 2 Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 648 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS nroUSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EAENEKS DEC. 16, OR NEAEEST BEPEESEKTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and flrm mem- bers. Salar lied offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOBE=ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTffiES.— Continued. BOSTON— Continued. Galvanizing , Gas and electric fixtures Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gold, leaf and foil , Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore. Hand stamps , Hardware, including saddlery , Builders' , All other Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Lamps and reflectors Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Liquors, malt Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawinills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and 1 ace goods Embroideries Trimmed hats and hat frames. . . . Dress and cloak trimmings, braids, and fringes. Women's neckwear All other Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials, not specified. ■ Violins and other stringed in- stnmients. Another Musicalinstniments, pianos Paints Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Patent medlcmes and compounds. . . Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves Pickles and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Printing and publishing, book and job. Job work only Book pubUshing and printing Book publishing without print- ing. Printing and pubhshing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmtlng and pubhshing Printing, pubhshmg, and job printing. Publishing without printing Refrigerators 1 Owned power only. 3 9 15 129 2 5 1 7 12 96 14 7 22 157 26 5 11 7 108 i 69 6 2 1 60 3 8 7 49 3 8 1 4 3 31 3 3 12 90 13 4 5 7 61 4 25 4 2 2 2 15 8 65 9 2 3 5 46 28 353 38 12 10 15 278 10 834 6 16 25 17 770 8 103 8 4 1 5 85 12 610 7 22 65 32 484 3 62 1 6 4 1 50 39 356 42 8 27 29 250 S 331 2 5 19 12 293 3 43 6 2 2 33 12 194 9 9 11 8 157 13 1,461 2 50 170 14 1,225 6 149 3 7 11 4 124 18 148 18 3 9 8 110 45 902 35 48 41 22 756 24 530 24 18 22 11 455 21 634 15 27 45 16 531 59 1,691 59 58 86 73 1,415 5 33 4 2 2 25 21 624 21 33 27 25 518 8 62 10 2 6 44 9 338 11 3 10 12 302 16 634 13 20 47 28 626 26 247 30 20 45 15 137 7 125 3 7 7 4 104 21 139 24 4 6 105 4 32 6 4 4 2 16 15 305 14 8 18 20 245 6 75 4 4 2 4 61 9 230 10 4 16 16 184 8 1,308 31 98 37 1,142 7 179 3 11 44 13 108 12 396 9 17 12 16 342 48 711 311 42 71 65 603 11 170 3 8 8 3 148 19 608 7 43 82 44 432 14 363 3 25 60 12 263 7 286 1 14 39 12 220 7 77 2 11 21 43 4 79 3 3 10 63 3 310 28 4,824 4 271 1 229 23 3,231 492 601 265 3,786 246 163 128 162 3,087 6 195 4 11 16 25 139 39 843 21 55 348 414 5 166 17 5,682 4,012 S5 304 125 1,659 1,242 916 300 2,748 2,345 28 831 14 49 208 180 380 121 i 839 41 130 209 m 23 7 1 106 6 9 5 4 82 Mh 14 De 102 Fe a 114 Fe (•) Se 33 (<) My 3 My Ap No My Fe Ja Oc My 3 No 15 48 291 799 110 535 274 364 34 253 Je 1,302 Fe 129 Oo Se Je 117 811 500 582 De 31 Ap 723 Ap 60 Fo Mh Je Ja Au Jy 430 561 190 113 118 19 Au De 206 Ja 1,267 My 117 Je 387 Ja 619 Se 168 My 442 Jys 260 ro 45 My 67 Ses 25 Mh 3,230 Ap 165 Jys 6 My 2,387 Oc 416 Des 10 Jy» 91 Se 102 Des De 57 29 AU No Au Au Au Ocs No Ja No Ja 245 727 66 374 45 225 249 31 Ja 1,166 Oo 117 Au De De De 101 684 Ja 19 De 317 Jy 40 Ja No De JyS No De8 187 491 103 98 91 15 Oc 53 Mh8 169 Au Fe De Je De 908 100 313 394 113 421 Fe 206 My 39 De 59 De» 21 Au 2,913 Je 87 Des 4 Fe 2, 296 Je 343 24 Des 22 98 Au 54 12 102 110 57 3 29 64 15 49 274 748 93 553 48 255 317 32 236 1,185 133 115 748 411 504 1,602 28 697 339 495 109 100 94 15 264 58 206 1,112 105 314 627 158 434 252 209 43 21 ,210 1,041 163 2,756 2,358 376 22 98 12 100 106 31 29 53 13 40 187 87 41 501 48 219 112 30 149 1,175 118 110 745 408 385 291 214 11 109 15 205 55 150 ,076 99 146 227 44 414 145 116 29 2,339 2,241 93 5 2,498 2,234 253 26 52 201 1 111 1,180 19 378 31 432 55 2 53 35 6 164 298 .113 14 107 93 14 12 794 723 70 1 222 96 116 10 22 11 16 14 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. $24,578 116,090 92,647 51,176 12,199 35,367 148,635 24,222 124,413 184,63^ 1,052,555 55,339 895,719 55,896 508,316 266,473 23,015 328,298 13,688,141 191,188 130,110 1,342,688 797,579 606,635 1,349,161 11,660 395,862 30,139 175,691 735,799 803,416 185,601 104,581 143,346 255,860 76,637 179,213 4,630,858 632,044 373,730 1,697.395 480,467 418,283 834, 741 719,475 115,266 174,641 18,009 10,764,264 4,281,665 240,531 6,242,158 11,055,242 8,542,698 1,641,077 871,467 192,445 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 649 EXPEKSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rentr ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1:975 11,900 6,972 7,359 12,025 700 11,325 14,472 41,438 5,790 53,716 10,009 21,220 22,118 9,112 19,810 276,506 8,500 96,885 35,314 75,906 114,412 48,802 4,900 2,624 58,086 74,533 13,248 6,263 6,244 16,550 8,275 8,275 116,676 35,962 25,466 148,142 20,600 108,044 57,051 37,982 19,069 3,886 2,000 637,828 382,318 26,325 229,185 1,122,235 737,873 92,428 291,934 29,920 $16, 436 10,552 2,636 3,929 12,272 3,492 8,780 19,082 32,778 2,799 63, 155 4,310 37,710 26,430 3,004 14,988 312,429 12,314 12,412 51,885 37,061 55,858 159,773 3,654 33,011 2,268 17,201 103,639 65,772 12,422 4,562 5,375 23,090 3,146 19,944 1,133,565 256,521 29,541 847,503 2,628,697 1,731,068 385,076 512,653 10,714 $10,207 68, ,^84 88,311 34, 492 2,560 24,130 47,408 11,634 35, 774 163,803 310,249 44,999 332,367 34, 441 186,102 113,923 23, 711 97,999 1,148,553 92,409 79,952 597,456 365,697 262,827 601,030 11,349 279,338 18,381 104,874 187,088 103,341 68,246 85,402 12,181 184,390 39,431 144,959 93,023 67,211 22, 145 103,154 12,974 765,131 68,220 144,030 244,701 55,543 106,170 106,321 75,165 31,156 9,787 398,712 145,219 122,217 23,002 51,957 9,141 2,340,313 2,238,677 99,881 1,755 2,895,457 2,619,530 268,855 $10,000 2,766 200 100 1,620 1,580 40 24,386 115 501 13,120 15,431 200 8,346 3,456 21,870 11,785 10,085 150 334 682 942 7,261 26,002 563 563 154 2,022,383 124,064 13,323 1,884,996 1,350,241 62,000 218,443 7,072 92,384 " Same number reported for one or 1,069,798 350 $1,656 11,643 13,970 1,180 573 6,412 9,555 3,195 6,360 19,349 15, 503 6,298 29,662 1,420 30,633 9,690 5,000 11,851 525 13,890 19,742 74, 198 22, 799 73,874 85,259 2,741 33,536 6,142 13,205 29,635 22,092 8,500 12,979 7.600 17,853 6,576 11,277 73,387 11,790 13,370 62, 196 13,055 42,474 44,824 37,692 7,132 7,905 2,848 333,442 263,113 10,878 59,451 277,615 168,762 41,141 67,712 4,700 $214 1,007 626 '342 23 318 1,300 219 1,081 419 4,070 903 2,643 953 801 1,250 1,585,545 1,607 1,037 18,996 6,958 4,918 8,488 .25 2,535 377 806 4,745 14,386 2,476 658 1,344 2,473 2,074 43,138 6,734 3.978 31,209 10,085 3,300 9,214 7,632 1,582 1,177 11 70,253 44,854 1,994 23,405 136,576 109,574 22,743 4,259 2,025 $18,171 99,931 49,833 $1,338 2,782 2,436 65,704 6,884 544 174 12,567 51,525 15,083 36,442 391,426 770 1,060 64 996 4,283 996,438 106,976 10,005 1,137 363,760 13,823 24,577 7,987 380,050 6,018 151,690 37,705 ■423,648 7,358 1,060 1,903 2,406,585 87,135 186,994 3,129 95,950 1,134,642 1,668 18,560 ■418,935 1,096,267 17,145 18,879 1,997,995 19,032 624,016 47,622 16,268 218 4,928 1,393 255,759 1,051,566 3,019 6,710 528,226 198,488 27,068 10,531 4,842 2,102 176,686 134,052 1,860 3,114 39,150 239 94,902 2,875 1,271,141 479,871 326,002 1,228,014 514,047 40,566 11,375 11,317 10,873 743 130,495 1,276,343 1,061,627 214,716 44,364 14,513 16,356 15,159 1,197 3,506 25,732 2,600,278 153 87,699 1,982,807 81,308 536,163 84,918 2,107 674 6,074,863 113,954- 5,158,347 503,004 94,906 18,849 413,512 146,940 199 2,515 1 $37,259 332,242 236,265 118,014 12,433 85,724 164,491 39,413 125,078 710,407 1,595,681 217,070 890,805 90,675 865,791 417,294 72, 198 722,611 8,836,272 246,229 320,243 2,229,901 1,037,252 1,888,931 3,563,692 47,927 1,183,974 113,576 518, 637 1,699,578 1,203.737 385,247 193,614 284,050 333,463 120,975 212,488 2,807,576 831, 187 658,558 2,798,227 1,008,240 1,002,295 i; 973, 361 1,568,170 405, 191 151,776 43,043 12,073,378 6,632,422 307, 717 5,073,239 17,915,170 12,766,167 2, 169, 798 2,979,205 323,365 $17, 750 229,529 183,996 51,766 5,375 72,387 111,906 24,266 87,640 314,698 590,238 108,957 513,222 58, 111 479, 723 258,246 33,433 297,060 6,242,693 155,965 222,625 1,076,699 601,172 771, 785 1,549,429 28,677 555,030 64,561 259,859 641,302 664,980 181,917 164,444 105,604 196,297 81,586 114, 711 1,495,869 339,941 321,239 1,559,340 493,450 857,287 680,662 491,384 189,278 103,906 17,158 9,385,401 4,564,697 284,302 4,536,402 11,726,353 7,512,914 1,647,945 2,565,494 173,910 7 91 20 7 74 15 17 5 14 5 8 40 6 34 47 291 20 589 6 8 5 8 26 2 24 47 120 20 100 290 125 14 4 10 126 45 390 99 97 37 60 112 26 86 46 22 77 46 14 60 - 8 17 5,951 118 27 2,588 5,760 191 118 27 100 790 i" 1,800 688 1,166 598 745 210 110 57 311 331 60 100 283 6 82 20 40 135 228 156 87 43 8 232 6 31 20 40 135 154 76 44 49 43 8 70 80 4 43 162 106 116 47 57 49 43 40 3 63 9 64 1,198 213 223 264 29 269 463 427 36 133 1,135 83 130 40 14 4 12 23 116 89 252 29 266 152 120 32 125 375 '"'iso' '"'iii' 112 ""262' 200 2 3 109 107 2 8 12 2,949 12 2,449 346 155 2,849 100 270 75 155 2,424 25 4,766 723 126 3,917 298 4,062 704 422 301 7 119 3,633 284 ""208' : i9i 1 120 63 is : UtSWz§&by Microsofm' .umber reported throughout the year. 650 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTDUSTBY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offl- ners, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 25 BOSTON— Continued. Regalia and society badges and emblems. Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Saddlery and harness Sausage Saws Screws, machine Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Shirts Showcases Signs and advertising novelties Signs, other than electric Advertising novelties Silversmithing and silverware Slaughtering and meat packtag Soap Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Steam packing Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuS. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes.. Cigars Cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified. . Trunks and valises Varnishes Window and door screens and weather strips. Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including woven-wire fencing. Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified All other industries * 8 78 5 7 10 6 60 7 322 12 19 ^ 15 276 H 53 11 2 1 39 15 216 10 11 21 6 168 3 15 2 3 1 1 8 7 127 3 11 6 5 102 15 138 15 11 4 108 5 195 6 2 3 3 181 8 58 8 2 2 3 43 12 337 9 14 29 15 270 6 108 3 10 10 4 81 6 229 6 i 19 11 189 3 43 2 2 2 2 35 11 250 8 16 49 16 161 11 82 6 9 7 6 64 6 284 21 15 11 237 10 149 10 11 2 4 122 8 2,006 1 57 183 63 1,702 6 61 2 7 9 2 41 9 47 8 4 1 1 33 8 204 7 14 20 7 156 23 624 17 33 35 14 525 8 107 'S 4 9 a 81 10 961 7 27 32 40 856 11 680 10 21 35 27 587 7 25 6 1 1 17 94 2,915 102 42 69 25 2,677 88 2,882 99 38 68 23 2,654 6 33 3 4 1 2 23 12 359 9 8 11 10 321 14 184 17 7 16 11 133 4 30 1 5 11 2 11 6 30 9 1 1 19 10 89 5 8 7 6 63 7 43 6 2 1 34 6 3 237 19 10 12,342 7 3 167 12 7 10,614 385 789 387 My Mh Je Fe My 3 My 55 345 41 176 11 111 Jes 144 Oc My 198 65 De 87 212 De 39 No. 3 166 Au 66 No 3 262 Ap3 128 Mh 1,830 Je Ja Au Ja Oo Oo (0 60 36 167 666 91 921 707 17 Ja 2, 796 Fe3 27 Ja Ml3 My Jy Ap3 364 142 16 34 60 De3 Jy De3 jy No 8 De Ja Au De3 45 173 163 5 93 80 165 38 Ja Jy Ja No 3 76 167 30 154 50 Fe3 221 Oe 109 De 1,651 Oo No De De No De Fe (0 32 30 146 505 791 617 17 Jy 2,543 No' 20 305 J Je Ja De3 Fe Fe Ja Jy 103 7 11 53 20 32 1 281 112 97 22 50 38 171 6 93 94 37 163 6 86 92 1 8 7 1 1 176 41 282 78 204 24 41 151 69 82 152 127 8 119 4 1 3 3S 170 54 229 36 162 49 116 s" 5 111 3 1 1 117 1,733 117 1,646 86 1 40 30 152 516 40 30 146 510 3 2 3 4 69 848 35 117 33 697 1 1 "33' 568 18 2,624 2,603 21 311 466 7 1,983 1,972 U 283 65 11 636 626 10 22 34 3 3 3 2 2 6 132 16 17 64 110 16 15 42 20 2 2 21 1 26 11 7 10,533 18 11 7 7,956 8 2,492 37 48 $85,606 511,114 32,475 246,971 9,144 212,682 165,697 571,130 51,246 199,975 54,920 145,065 24,657 492,292 231,401 436,622 438,978 '4,732,506 84,938 33,635 183,603 593,725 80,264 1,126,053 3,631,158 15,310 3,201,998 3,141,546 60,452 584,682 169,224 214,097 21,423 150,389 26,694 12,610 8,050 71,064,314 * All other industries embrace- Aluminum ware 1 Artificial stone products 3 Asbestos products 1 Automobiles 2 Babbitt metal 1 Bags, other than paper 1 Belting and hose, rubber hose 1 Belting and hose, woven 2 Billiard tables and materials 5 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, wooden packing 3 Brick and tile 1 Brooms, from broom com 1 Brushes 10 Butter 1 Butter, reworking 1 Card cutting and designing 2 Carpets and rugs , other than rag 1 Cars, and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . 1 Cash registers and calculatmg mar chines 1 Chocolate and cocoa products 2 Clocks 2 Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods 3 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 1 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels 1 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 8 Cork, cutting 2 Corsets 1 Cutlery and edge tools 3 Dairymen's supplies 1 Drug grinding 1 Dyemg and finishing textiles 3 Enameling 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engravers' materials 1 Envelopes 2 Felt goods 1 Files 2 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 Flags and banners 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 Furs, dressed 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 5 Gas machines and gas and water meters 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 4 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 2 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 3 Hair work 4 Hammocks 3 Hat and cap materials 2 Hats, f ur-telt. . . ., 4 Hats, straw 3 BROCKTON— All industries. Blacking, stains, and dressings.. Boot and shoe cut stock Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products. , Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream 243 16 12 36 36 6 5 21 5 4 18,210 104 780 1,081 13,268 194 77 344 25 27 232 25 7 31 32 24 376 2 20 36 214 6 778 23 14 46 604 11 15 43 403 5 1 18 1 16,246 43 724 926 12, 115 174 68 252 18 21 Ja 17,704 My Mh 47 757 Ja 1,074 Ja 13,303 Fe 187 Ja Oc My Au3 79 Oc 15,017 De3 40 Au 695 No 830 Oc 10,978 De 162 Oo My De Oo 57 236 14 19 16,382 42 739 934 12,224 164 72 256 17 20 11, 897 38 451 627 70 167 16 13 4,319 4 271 302 3,324 107 2 79 1 7 97 66 $28,808,708 N 205,995 1,463,570 2,072,184 18,840,753 162,199 189,022 376,781 77,293 14,056 * Owned power onl tuy. 2 Incli Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. 651 OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- hsh- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $8,560 $6,380 29,689 49,080 230 27,304 2,808 22,858 1,992 18,038 1,820 6,356 20,208 3,711 2,400 4,500 32,795 18,295 14,600 4,361 2,483 36,285 13,036 23,249 3,120 37,372 17,340 38,807 2,842 51,953 13,429 18,064 24,100 5,508 185,194 253,098 13,743 5,148 28,872 66,140 11,589 1,744 19,248 45,648 4,100 69,816 16,497 76,035 51,098 750 65,631 300 127,522 123,782 3,740 18,305 119,570 113,915 5,655 17,928 12,252 8,025 19,204 9,775 1,508 13,249 9,992 2,240 1,200 1,236,554 1,302,818 $27,209 151,436 33,233 110,880 2,593 71,149 91,431 80,731 36,138 143.438 67,271 86,167 17,013 121,004 33,417 123, 118 95,874 1,077,631 37,422 23,135 118,960 397,887 47,429 361,260 333,586 5,578 2,310,002 2,298,121 11,881 200,801 83,674 10,850 11,782 37,257 15,650 10,267 3,904 6,627,810 $1,100 $6,142 3501 2,275 4,232 17,176 1,511 8,636 5,469 888 5,297 69 1,707 300 208 480 8,783 1,267 11,660 3,615 15,704 7,018 8,686 235 274 2,078 1,173 905 325 100 225 2,495 27,438 10,099 25,058 135 2,090 2,803 2,467 3,728 150 11,455 3,655 3,600 43,175 4,837 6,364 13,692 25,154 468 445 2,125 6,479 42 7,279 275 75 10,318 18,846 1,389 11,431 31,027 4,176 11,258 9,240 1,998 1,998 49,769 47,584 2,185 9,870 486,735 467,441 19,294 6,802 60 13,174 1,325 2,608 1,012 1,793 74 ' 122" 5,782 1,054 3,342 75 100 2,730 1,200 406,815 163 90 1,959,243 206,793 $81,292 $602 301,570 17,250 42,900 , 922,097 1,958 93,377 688 11,645 713 5,607 132,630 2,343 181,418 55, 172 167,381 70,068 97,313 2,010 1,355 3,702 1,961 1,741 19,271 4,263,027 306,388 386,818 1,113 13,860 8,932 2,586 48,626 1,938 1,068,550 81,197 41,970 13,104 83,833 480,285 1,362 872 11,262 14,231 64,291 1,276,062 929 8,655 1,099,849 31,888 10,799 340 2,696,921 2,631,566 65,356 419,160 8,991 8,692 299 39,018 194,321 144,687 22,714 1,213 974 1,112 264,387 960 31,652 463 7,801 11, 722 45,675,368 833 466 1,768,113 $158,912 679,708 106,064 1,280,811 14, 782 230,695 326,300 350,934 126,364 464,793 201,949 262,844 62,282 5,115,143 441,443 665,670 3,080,958 153,898 72,408 318,643 1,124,393 185, 120 2,321,514 1,868,273 66,431 6,627,978 6,611,769 116,219 781,387 373,610 224, 156 57,954 391,364 65,842 26,353 20, 168 69,430,107 $77,018 360,888 62,476 347,069 12, 111 131, 711 190,327 167,606 69,837 293,710 129,920 163,790 41,898 838,256 127, 123 276,267 212,034 1,931,211 110,666 58,432 223,548 629,877 119,900 1,036,797 757,625 24,203 3,922,066 3,871,601 50,565 323,209 178,076 78,494 34,128 126,017 33,727 17,719 7,980 21,986,626 12 1,092 12 91 991 10 6 450 12 211 6 365 12 114 20- 75 97 265 115 99 61 61 82 136 82 54 20 175 95 105 38 23 72 136 82 64 20 176 12 87 10 83 18 60 5 55 1,797 370 9 1,418 89 21 303 743 20 15 64 21 268 138 ""460' 35 145 12 245 12 75 145 26 294 10 116 110 6 494 150 23 121 10 115 109 6 444 1 1 20 30 37 21 26 13 66 2 35 21 26 13 6 60 41 24 21,686 12' 15,909 18 23 12 4,037 1,330 sio 243 62 290 36 37 6,096 I 38 Horseshoes 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel forgiugs 1 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails. . 2 Japanning 2 Labels and tags 4 Lasts.. 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 3 Linen goods .' 1 Liquors, distilled, rum 2 Lubricating greases 3 Lumber and timber products 2 Minerals and earths, ground 2 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 1 Musical Instruments, organs 3 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 4 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 6 Optical goods 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paving materials 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 2 Pens, fountain and stylographic 3 Photographic apparatus 1 Pipes, tobacco 2 Plated ware, hollow ware 1 Pottery, china, earthen, and stone ware 2 Printing and pubUshing, music 8 Printing materials 5 Pumps, not including power pumps. . 3 Pumps, steam 1 Roofljig materials, other than metal.. 1 Scales and balances 2 Sewing machines 6 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 2 Silk goods, finished products 3 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 2 Soda-water apparatus 4 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Springs, steel, carriage, wagon, and automobile 2 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 1 Sugar, refining 1 Toys and games 2 Type founding 2 Typewriter supplies, carbon paper, and ribbon 2 Umbrellas and canes 3 Upholstering materials, curled hair. . 2 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Waste, cotton 3 Wool scouring 1 Wool shoddy 1 Worsted goods 1 $905, 125 4,160 38,151 110,248 508,817 8,889 5,903 22,365 $1,432,312 31, 216 27,647 112,660 982,485 1,092 52,324 260 $10,657,346 31,480 409, 057 484,301 8,084,442 76,740 43,049 134,348 13,692 10,679 $22,766 100 600 5,165 475 906 7,700 $183,493 7,816 8,686 31,969 62,850 5,220 200 9,333 1,784 6,280 $254,349 $31,327,627 1,085 12, 199 16,030 147,405 1,952 2,108 6,112 193, 274 2,798,211 4,050,347 21,447,614 109,221 122,937 621,616 $336,614 1,090 14, 080 27,040 118, 172 6,160 1,151 17,013 $51,259,131 $19,594,890 429,535 3, 755, 528 5,333,932 35,032,666 233,446 217,162 1,069,520 ' Same number reported for one or more other months' r^.364 . 13,^6, Sm. 44, 638, ,^^ 30, 216 *■' ^^" 4 Same number reported throughout the year. 235, 171 943, 237 1,256,545 13,466,879 119,075 93,074 630, 891 10,477 6,993 495 2,989 1,349 32 440 952 6,714 141 240 248 25 10 " "253' 356 4,536 110 225 150 8 13 25 190 24 174 572 989 31 15 92 25 10 '"'896' ■••■jji" 6 652 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 46.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR OITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS IND0STBY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAGE EAKNEES DEC. 16, OE NEAEESI KEPEESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala/- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 16th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. month. CITIES OF 50,003 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 BBO C KTON— Continued. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Lasts 9 3 15 7 3 4 20 42 93 5 282 297 35 59 376 1,163 7 3 18 6 1 4 27 32 10 2 2 72 2 243 241 28 38 269 1,012 Fe (») Au Fe Ja No Ja 76 2 248 267 35 43 300 Se Ap Au«. Oe 68 2 234 220 24 ..36 229 72 2 241 258 27 41 277 996 72 2 241 2S2 27 38 234 799 147,273 27,765 454,438 748,332 96,595 29,033 401,420 3,611,999 ■^ 2 13 1 4 12 42 14 32 4 12 41 38 5 6 1 1 27 39 4 1 5 «) Lumber, planing-mill products, not Including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Models and patterns, not Including paper patterns. Printing and publishing fi 3 35 183 7 8 4 "io" H * All other industries embrace — Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, men's 1 Clothing, women's 1 Copper; tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Cotton small wares Electroplating , Flavoring extracts Gas, illuminating and heating. . Hand stamps 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 CAMBBIDGE— All industries.. Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons Clothing, men's Confectionery and ice cream . Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture, wood, including rattan and willow. Gas, illuminating and heating Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. - Marble and stone work Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and pubUshing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Pnntlng, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Structural Ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars Wood, turned and curved All other industries * 316 16 19,569 35 328 528 1,124 87 321 1,443 1,322 121 224 793 764 306 14 238 200 22 997 87 1,633 416 373 43 250 404 15 26 9,178 248 43 496 1,419 657 16,749 1 My 17, 060 16 16 2 223 7 1 13 11 136 2 5 103 97 48 12 16 35 30 5 50 44 2 1 712 374 83 495 901 1,241 1,141 100 183 673 636 214 31 7 204 173 17 914 63 1,540 316 316 176 326 10 20 7,825 My 97 De 61 My 33 Fe» 20 ,Ta 312 De 291 Mh 548 De 442 Jy 972 Ja 870 Ap 88 De 60 Ja 349 De 215 Oc 1,268 Ap 1,079 Jy 129 Ja 78 .Te 201 No 167 Ap 748 De 567 Ja 682 Jy 590 Se De< Se My 17 Oe 231 33 10 227 196 22 Fe 1,024 Oo 71 Oc 1,576 Se 333 Fe Fe Fe* Ja 203 342 De 16,046 Je Au 205 Aui 4 De « 168 No Ja 149 13 De 816 Fe 51 Je 1,508 Ap 304 Au De No< Oo 142 288 16,934 26 291 496 899 60 310 1,234 1,147 87 174 676 665 220 33 8 208 175 19 925 62 1,520 312 312 182 316 10 19 8,012 81 25 125 108 654 60 122 375 165 622 618 220 33 174 19 42 894 224 224 126 316 17 5,879 161 380 244 188 755 750 5 9 62 37 20 623 53 2 2 2,094 23 16 $48,999,293 165,610 11,878 406,615 384,221 4,102,119 69,509 478,472 1,790,807 1,653,089 137,718 622,968 1,361,123 1,275,963 3,540,291 64,738 8,377 606,737 249,540 12,636 3,617,512 124,232 3,339,651 838,309 823,972 14,337 1,875,807 1,080,983 6,855 76,873 23,097,628 *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Babbitt metal and solder 1 Belting and hose, rubber hose 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Boot and shoe cut stock 2 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boots and shoes 1 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, wooden packing 3 Brass and bronze products 2 Brick 1 Brooms, from broom com 2 Brushes, other than toilet and paint. 1 Butter 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies ..'. 1 Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 3 Clothing, women's, undergarments and petticoats 1 Coflins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Collars and cufls, men's 1 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 7 Electroplating 1 Fancy articles, metal novelties 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Grease and taUow, soap stock 1 Horseshoes 1 Hosiery and knit goods 2 House-furnishing goods, mops, and dusters 1- ^ Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 653 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerlis, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power Inter- gener- nal- Water ated in Steam com- wheels Electric estab- Total. en- bus- and (rent- lish- gines.! tion mo- ed). ments en- tors.! report- gines.2 ing. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $13,360 $2,069 $61,653 700 178,072 181,294 28,669 ^,557 197,541 599,072 $3,072 $1,111 159 3,139 8,288 638 233 3,747. 49,473 $28,155 34,752 123,240 206,064 44,993 11,014 241, 779 1,325,760 $3,347 625 4,102 9,198 2,120 256 6,205 124,394 $134,510 40,226 431,325 584,368 110,436 75,914 744,241 2,923,209 $103,008 4,849 303,983 369,096 63,323 64,644 496,257 1,473,056 83 65 230 600 85 18 314 1,280 "■■"iss" 600 '"'736' 20 25 37 15 60 10 3 83 63 40 68 85 25 8 311 467 '""iso' '""i82' 1 f, 6,560 50,648 1,560 11,820 35,992 84,362 24,620 42,729 5,180 10,744 62,801 67,206 $75 6,839 2,650 6,450 3,132 17, 107 11,107 3 4 .'i n 1,174 6,670 7 8 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails . . 3 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Leather, taimed, cumed, and finished 1 Marble and stone work 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 1 Mucilage and paste 4 Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. 1 Patent medicines and compounds... 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Sausage 1 Signs, advertising novelties 2 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Springs, steel, machinery and other.. 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 2 Window and door screens 1 $1,438,996 2,540 11,940 47,745 48,502 3,900 23,773 89,940 84,940 5,000 35,103 93,038 49,625 29,450 4,970 27,780 10,885 77,944 7,562 65,490 27,800 27,800 31, S82 76,862 2,300 669,965" $2, 106, 033 $10, 216, 990 9,776 2,846 17,684 21, 036 178,946 2,996 13,763 154, 177 141,026 13, 151 19, 730 46, 619 126,163 64,639 1,200 1,580 12,606 11,814 624 76,418 11,215 33,334 70,042 62,660 7,382 48,040 66,276 1,550 1,300 1,122,609 65,467 28,216 164,529 208,829 511,795 60,394 142,878 308,877 436, 073 72,804 112, 220 443,838 495,422 24,036 4,678 194,971 139,887 14,922 536,992 38,613 1,066,276 246, 769 246,769 95,264 229,937 6,676 13, 717 4, 679, 102 $214, 591 2,876 100 500 500 200 1,608 40,452 136 20,920 13,472 8,441 104, 181 79,950 24,231 123 21, 582 $395, 271 $1,830,874 8,986 3,561 1,995 9,224 22,975 4,560 3,200 16,588 8,032 8,556 1,220 9,715 58,644 3,016 1,484 16, 181 7,760 1,745 32,272 1,500 44,144 4,788 2,600 2,188 9,930 6,362 873 564 123,995 469 127 2,966 5,568 37,497 1,100 3,712 21,236 20,360 876 6,971 16,784 6,676 88,707 413 73 5,520 1,946 103 38,933 1,478 13,309 5,812 6,805 7 10,273 9,056 1,399 995 1,549,761 $30,468,725 $1,065,971 53,540 9,369 148,579 245,076 2,010,548 2,387 469 4,219 4,026 60,364 46,594 408,667 2,460,279 2, 177, 694 282,585 2,242 6,616 43,023 26,211 16,812 290,223 663,251 366,677 7,069 25,445 10,851 74,828 326,849 42,433 780 5,190 444,483 216 7,132 110,282 3,014 7,418 416 715,375 19,298 63,621 1,216,686 1,564 21,944 152, 139 9,925 152,031 9,775 108 150 859,299 457,542 30,935 13,069 11,287 6,526 19,624,218 81 985 459,648 $57,483,949 49, 3,954,493 127, 623, 3,807, 3, 285, 521, 588, 1,533, 1, — 1,040,194 99,554 730, 380,244 27,510 1,673,588 2,864,916 737, 162 677,989 59, 173 1,498,311 955,270 25,883 29, 668 34,079,898 $25,949,253 147,590 349, 1,883, 78, 207, 1,304, J ... 222, 290 844; 918, 639, 56, 15, 278, 262,544 24,080 938,915 78,054 1,627,286 575,098 516, 183 58,915 608,077 484, 659 14,515 22,148 13,996,032 26,227 76 34 210 152 1,171 81 61 1,183 800 203 1,047 556 1,375 24 4 930 607 20 1,166 81 1,256 338 338 513 58 14,431 18,767 190 75 992 465 465 75 351 241 1,160 676 4S5 975 950 30 30 300 40 11,385 1,365 286 212 250 10 45 381 6,095 76 14 17 27 179 81 61 713 330 128 410 103 225 16 4 5 112 20 136 39 301 308 272 168 . 15 2,665 10,200 10 328 188 188 2 231 13 71 750 143 8,012 21 Ink, writing 1 Jewelry 2 Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Lamps 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Liquors, distilled, alcohol (including pure, neutral, or cologne spirits) ... 1 Mmeral and soda waters 1 Mucilage and paste 2 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Nets and seines 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified, oleo oil. . 1 Oleomargarine 1 Paints : 1 Paving materials 1 Pickles and preserves 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified , 1 Pottery, earthen and stone ware 1 Pumps, steam 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Sausage 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, small boats. . . 1 Show cases 1 Silk goods, throwsters and winders.. 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 4 Springs, steel, carriage and wagon 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Steam packing i Sugar, refining i Tobacco, smoking i Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Window and door screens 1 Wirework 2 s Same number reported throughout the. 'Btgitized by Mict^ssuft®' eported for one or more other months. 654 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS DTOUSTKY AND QTY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EAENEES DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerics, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. FALL KIVER— All industries Bread and other bakery products. . . Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods Cotton small wares Electroplating Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, job printing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. AH other industries* 315 27 38,097 295 29 39 12 27 47 30,885 348 8 5 656 6 91 .55 21 79 175 31 9 5,318 405 6 "i ..... 1 211 7 1 131 1 181 1 184 64 97 197 26 23 8 15 36 30,427 331 4 2 570 3 80 45 13 54 141 21 3 4,858 Ap 37,250 No 3 200 No 3 27 -<*) 18 ly Ja 31,071 Jy 342 8 Fe Je8 593 5 Fe 90 Je 68 AuS 16 Je 58 My = 143 De No 36, 170 Au s 195 Mhs 24 Mh' Je 34 Au 29,686 Au 314 De Oca 542 2 Se 70 De 20 De' 12 Aus Jy3 Au3 51 137 37,365 204 26 23 8 15 37 30,467 351 4 2 675 4 85 64 13 54 141 23 3 5,279 20,149 183 26 19 5 14 15,075 135 470 2 85 64 13 47 129 22 3 3,834 15, 110 16 13,645 162 1,282 1,121 92 975 $89,289,828 230,177 27,600 50,275 8,900 41,375 37,367 66,698,373 605,386 2,900 3,560 963,597 3,300 112,500 79,104 18,460 79,936 302,053 20,705 2,839 20,061,706 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial stpne products 2 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails. . .• 2 Bags, other thm paper 2 Bfelting, leather 3 Bookbmding and blank-book making. 1 Boot and shoe findings 1 Brushes, other than toilet and paint. . 2 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Clothing, men's, youths', and boys'.. 3 Clothing, women's 2 Cofiins, burial cases, and tmdertak- ers' goods 1 Cordage and twine 3 Dyeing and finishing textiles 4 Dyestuffs and extracts 1 Fmvoring extracts 1 1 HOLTOKE— .4U industries 222 18,837 170 361 510 303 17,493 Ja 17,805 De 16,809 17,638 10,304 6,807 197 330 {61,668,053 ' ? 6 4 6 33 3 3 4 3 15 4 4 3 21 5 14 9 6 3 5 7 7 13 53 17 18 700 164 13 11 121 9 606 210 38 8 4,925 578 86 128 100 28 15 16 797 79 10,398 6 4 6 34 3 4 5 5 17 1 8 3 ...... 4 2 2 5 7 1 11 36 1 '"■21 2 1 10 9 634 124 9 5 107 4 413 182 28 5 4,684 496 61 76 76 No My ■^P Au Jes Se3 Oc ^^ No No Oo3 Mh Ja Des 11 19 653 128 10 6 121 4 i3i 217 53 6 4,764 523 64 De De Se Jys Se3 De3 Mh C) De Mh Au3 De3 Au Mh Jy3 9 2 613 123 8 4 94 4 391 147 20 4 4,585 416 58 9 14 641 128 9 4 114 4 448 202 31 4 4,689 496 64 78 78 9 9 417 98 9 4 114 4 445 200 31 4 3,017 369 44 70 70 53,650 10,457 1,169,935 222,133 47,260 6,483 152,897 21,850 1,063,803 292,149 78,913 5,810 13,885,129 1,218,006 106,005 195,806 185,746 10,060 22,743 14,855 1,629,288 48,570 31,422,311 T Awnings tAnt.tj n.nrl pqil*' 4 13 4 1 5 1 27 "'i' 5 221 26 4 5 6 Bookbinding and blank-book making Bread and other bakery products Carriages, wagons, and repairs 2 3 1 1 7 8 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Lumber, plantng-mill products, not includttig planing mills connected with sawmills. q 10 11 1? 30 16 1 33 10 1 13 2 2 1 2 IS Mineral and soda waters 14 Paper and wood pulp, paper exclu- sively. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . Printing and publishing, job printing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printiog, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness 71 21 8 8 6 2 117 25 2 16 12 4 2 53 36 4 24 4 20 1,672 127 20 8 8 15 16 17 18 19 De' 78 Ses 73 '>n 8 9 655 64 9,910 Ap Au' 8 9 707 66 De Se 8 9 598 62 8 9 661 64 9,961 8 9 347 47 5,049 ■"l Sausage 22 Stationery goods,not elsewhere speci- fied. 24 3 163 84 1 186 33 "lis' 301 17 4,408 5 8 ?4 184 320 * All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 1 Belting, leather 1 Bluing 2 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronze prodncts 2 Brooms, from broom com 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Clothing, women's 1 Cotton goods 3 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Envelopes 1 Furniture, store and office fixtures. . Gas fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Grease and tallow, soap stock Hand stamps Hosiery and knit goods 2 * Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 655 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. tl, 199, 266 $538,589 $16,130,742 $42,679 $57,716 $1,397,950 $35,144,599 $2,016,888 $64,863,146 $27,501,659 139,582 131,469 901 1,167 6,045 12,173 1 1,560 520 127,466 16,649 13,429 3,775 9,654 23,971 13,081,876 107,261 1,740 1,716 341,791 885 52,387 31,841 8,086 33,178 120,089 16,109 2,182 2,150,086 14,453 1,770 237 275 47 228 251 1,045,920 6,648 IS 31 15,603 16 1,326 812 222 698 2,199 151 905 321,871 584,663 12,530 72,767 33,670 39,197 21,540 27,950,863 281,716 673 7,068 433,207 1,815 96,455 24,268 9,867 42,301 48,630 144,326 2,805 5,409,105 24,957 380 1,095 380 715 187 1,405,050 21,632 258 197 19,966 22 1,980 2,473 499 1,178 4,283 1,041 17 531,773 1,017,232 44,700 124,342 47,800 76,542 74,928 49,516,027 478,984 5,100 13,582 1,063,957 7,811 191,681 76,329 32,010 127,377 268,767 210,320 11,200 11,398,799 407,612 31,790 50,480 13,850 36,630 63,201 20,160,114 175,736 4,169 6,317 610,784 5,974 93,246 49,588 21,644 83,898 215,854 64,953 8,378 5,457,921 86 24 25 4 21 3 83 24 25 4 21 f. 3 468 1,878 1,000 878 2,058 1,088 536 380 292 9,230 656 2,010 624 1,700 5,756 1,200 1,084 715 14,056 4 5 468 1,560 682,644 11,274 n 832 283,194 4,804 500 26,931 5,139 7 123,565 782 9 2 627 1 486 374 29 48 147 27 119,834 35 104 182 1 1,126 2,502 565 8 2 280 1 146 6 7 48 122 7 7,665 126 8 9 10 11 ^,966 26,437 28 205 142 12 11 3,000 2,228 780 316 320 20 25 48 2" 14 15 16 12,872 25,188 1,642 13,776 45 4,221 17 25 20 IS 14 780 390,954 ?rt 204,376 5,815 13,350 10,695 396 40 2,219 4,482 21 Flour-mill and gristmill products. . . 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Grease and tallow, soap stock 1 Hats, fur-felt 3 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Jewelry 1 Liquors, malt 1 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. 2 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Pickles and sauces 2 Pipes, tobacco 1 Tobacco, smoking 1 Tools, machinists 1 Trunks and valises 2 Varnishes 1 Waste 1 Wood, turned and carved 2 $1,205,257 $1,019,864 $8,994,270 $201,598 $98,167 $563,516 $23,989,342 $1,373,106 $44,041,165 $18,678,707 74,369 36,114 95 .29,732 8,428 13,108 1 750 1,601 41,448 988 960 520 3,275 9,288 5,547 364,970 83,473 6,704 2,721 58,675 2,322 280,788 136,642 27,234 2,950 2,486,794 282,485 • 34,824 68,564 68,564 200 880 1,334 1,368 13,641 150 1,110 3.465 1,200 6,382 3,600 138 444 83 33 13,745 1,754 724 59 575 122 13,203 3,649 417 61 181,334 12,489 V61 1,645 1,682 63 105 54 13,392 9,556 309,855 3,256 14,509 367,147 303,486 8,800 15,014 127,811 109,642 406,407 364,637 33,846 4,980 7,456,917 1,237,146 27,954 48,047 47,871 176 18,085 48,407 908,617 39,425 12,445,209 360 103 5,531 9,704 183 219 3,020 1,260 17,369 1,858 913 18 814,894 20,625 1,310 4,367 4,342 25 113 573 15,467 81 475,138 23,200 30,940 1,274,760 560,774 23,691 29,619 249,075 118,374 1,088,374 641,353 76,988 19,250 13,178,625 1,931,564 109,108 265.134 198,631 66.503 33,261 73,632 1,891,009 117,788 22,304,736 19,584 16,328 902,082 247,584 14,708 14,386 118,244 7,472 664,598 274,858 42,229 14,252 4,906,714 673,793 79,844 212, 720 146,418 66,302 16,063 24,652 966,925 78,282 9,384,389 18 5 223 40 14 12 23 150 1,148 360 113 3 42,682 1,033 43 92 92 18 5 68 40 14 12 23 150 418 25 63 3 1,830 423 41 90 90 "■"144' '"'259' "i,'836" ? 2,340 45,143 4,764 s 165 4 H R 1,040 10,660 7 1,000 8 q 66,388 27,642 2,270 40,936 8,468 2,215 550 .335 50 12 168 10 1) 405 1? 11 264,507 86,130 7,336 21,059 16,484 4,575 168,531 62,604 1,926 22,551 12,844 9,707 1,773 2,061 106 18,081 610 60 22,611 14 16,019 4,246 7,404 ' 6,240 1,164 768 453 4,568 1,748 29,249 15 2 2 2 15 28,192 17 18 28,192 10 5,240 7,408 334,032 42,356 4,751,253 7 26 582 3 27,892 7 26 451 3 4,728 'i6,'875' ?0 •Jl 81,493 4,180 680,305 172,310 1,040 487,978 130 1 ?? •"? 169,634 16,193 21 6,950 24 Jewelry 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Lithographing 1 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials,not specified 2 Patent medicines and compounds 2 Printing materials 1 Pumps, steam 1 Silk goods, finished products 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Tools, carpenters' 1 Trunks and valises Typewriters, supplies, carbon paper Umbrellas and canes Wire Wirework _ Woolen and worsted goods 5 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 656 MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITV. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAREST EEPEESENTATlVJfi DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofB- cers, su- perin- lend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, IStli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. LAWUENCE— All industries . Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products Brooms, from broom com Carriages and wagons and materials. Confectionery and ice cream Cotton goods Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine and boiler shops Foundries Marble and stone, work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Printing and publishing Saddlery and harness Tobacco, cigars Woolen and worsted goods. All other industries * 221 4 •17 14 11 5 .11 S3 32, 260 16 252 16 163 1,256 739 569 170 21 15 16 13 42 15 21,037 5,411 264 24 12 484 30 250 134 266 31,043 133 78 10 171 12 137 26 4,189 665 503 162 16 121 26 10 20, 565 5,066 Ap 33,501 m 10 Se 175 m 12 Je 162 Jy 45 Ja 4,374 My Au Dei m Ap 22,829 633 191 11 9 10 131 3 28 10 De 27,307 No* Au Pe 10 168. 12 82 15 Au 3,719 De De De* Oo* S>o* Mh P) Mh* 123 10 7 9 6 115 3 23 10 De 17,301 32,832 10 174 12 131 20 4,164 624 601 123 11 130 3 10 22,508 4,991 20,412 11,827 10 163 11 131 19 2,117 650 427 123 11 113 12,954 4,271 2,021 71 71 11 2 1 1,024 249 344 $99,639,625 12,450 260,133 9,200 816, 790 129,610 9, 128, 792 1,268,237 958,331 309,906 71,309 18,198 19,943 6,840 251,078 9,825 41,556 4,576 68,365,499 19,225,589 *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Belting, leather 3 Belting and hose, woven i 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brass and bronze products 2 Brushes 2 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repaurs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, women's 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron worli 1 Cotton small wares 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 3 Files 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Food preparations, macarcml and noodles 1 LOWELL — All industries. Belting, leather Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boofs and shoes i^oxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing -•. - . Bread and other bakery products. . Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . . Cotton goods Cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine and boiler shops Foundries Furniture, wood, other than rattan and willow. Lumber, planing-mUl products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stonework Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds Printing and publishing, joD printing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods All other industries * 300 31,457 15 65 1,597 160 251 17 9 8 43 13,325 90 783 •1,977 1,880 97 64 134 220 76 231 222 18 34 379 1,985 9,610 431 127 5 13 1 11 22 106 522 1 5 15 222 29,904 10 56 1,495 148 232 4 4 30 13,066 76 705 1,841 1,763 58 111 17 18 13 160 65 154 152 2 12 25 354 1,916 9,133 Mh 31,216 Ap* Oc Se 1,728 De 171 Mh* 250 Oo 230 m 4 (') 4 Oc 39 Ja 13,989 Mh 116 Fe 738 Ja 2,057 Ja 96 De Au Oo* m Je No 72 130 18 IS 16 212 55 Oc 175 2 m 12 De* 27 Mh 372 Ap 2,127 Au 28,468 De* Au .Te Au Oc 1,353 124 213 Ap 214 Au 12,226 No* 46 De 663 De 1,607 Oc* 83 Fe 41 Ap 93 Ja S> Fe* Jy 13 18 11 112 55 Se 137 2 (3) 12 Pe* 23 Au 338 Ja 1,657 30,937 9 54 1,518 171 222 227 8 4 4 29 13,145 77 699 1,962 1,875 87 72 116 17 18 12 168 55 144 142 2 12 27 333 1,996 9,846 17,519 12,861 903 54 222 204 8 4 4 7,199 36 599 1,934 1,847 87 116 17 13 12 106 52 129 127 2 12 27 26 S30 116 21 1 5,772 975 5,179 324 50 128 233 $68,714,844 45,171 35,232 1,119,172 169, 109 363,016 170,408 11,650 5,800 6,850 28,164 28,125,470 124,217 949, 551 4,370,300 4,248,970 121,330 64,,655 304,187 21,836 16,206 43,948 1,023,777 77,298 425,730 417,780 7,950 79,500 34,475 248,918 4,100,687 26,762,167 *A11 other industries embrace — Ammunition, cartridges 1 Artificial limbs 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Blacking stains, and dressings 1 Brass and bronze products 2 Brooms 1 Brushes 1 Buttons I Carpets and rugs, other than rag 2 Carpets, rag 2 Carriages and wagons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 2 Clothing, woijisp^...,., ,..--- 3 I Owned power only. igit'izecf'by lwmF&soft@ CofBns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber ■ 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 3 Electroplating 1 Pelt goods -j-j^y^ ^ Flavoring extracts 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- Gas, Uluminating and heating 1 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Hand stamps 1 Hosiery and knit goods 5 "Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 657 Salaries and wages. Officials. CIerks,etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. Primary horsepower. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. ■ CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SI, 050, 080 13,958 19,573 9,822 92,738 75,731 64,371 11,360 1,000 631,836 $742,347 J15,778,442 6,223 8,275 4,690 36,120 32,367 29,117 3,250 1,900 425 650 672 25,105 1,000 441,696 183,424 6,012 108,364 8,070 94,643 19,789 1,832,566 413,707 297,184 116,523 12,733 5,680 5,286 7,329 93,847 1,924 16,810 7,415 10,456,724 2.687.543 $231,803 1,250 356 356 3,520 2,395 5,603 218.679 $67,607 11,090 780 1,560 3,664 6,496 3,096 2,400 168 120 1,053 765 9,579 600 4,312 878 4,546 22,996 $903,430 $43,050,915 $2,101,315 39 2,314 65 7,133 1,174 77,381 14, 566 12,743 1,823 703 208 154 24 1,916 47 337 2,083 479,358 315,928 9,411 460,030 13,951 192,749 116,692 4,482,445 594,866 468,277 126,589 6,491 15,713 19,230 1,423 77,049 3,600 89,500 5,639 31,379,160 5,582,966 194 16,001 338 6,890 3,287 173,986 26,819 20,746 6,073 941 334 1,488 155 5,399 140 2,253 35 1,217,449 645,606 $73,177,803 $28,025,573 20,200 799, 739 26,222 362,085 206,040 7,143,127 1,272,741 1,011,787 260,954 32,696 35,328 41,400 12,785 285,464 9,628 135,328 19,494 51,584,497 11,191,029 10, 595 323, 708 11,933 162,446 86,061 2,486,696 651,056 522, 764 128,292 25,264 19,281 20,682 11,207 203,016 5,888 43,575 13,820 18,987,888 4,962,457 93,572 10 183 10 283 151 16,567 1,381 1,171 210 116 14 47 196 3 103 1 61,810 12,671 76,519 200 10,847 606 531 75 50 24 20 56,335 8.437 1,073 15 850 43 43 33 132 13, 788 4,870 125 85 40 5,438 3,355 10 183 10 68 151 607 612 95 66 14 23 196 3 83 1 4 747 283 133 150 40,812 3,613 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Hate and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Jewelry 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Liquors, malt 2 Lumber, planin^-mill products, not including planing muls connected with sawmills 3 Paper and wood pulp 3 Patent medicines and compounds 1 I Pumps,steam 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, small boats 1 Silk goods, mushed products 1 Soap 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere spec- ified 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Wood, turned and carved 2 Wool scouring 1 $1,143,176 $773,086 $14,001,930 $54,234 $209,190 $851, .577 $31,697,648 $1,406,586 $56,048,641. $22,944,407 83,817 52,968 1,077 25,904 3,868 31,239 1 2,600 2,080 92,964 11,517 8,800 1,022 1,248 3,484 36,418 4,480 3,842 3,808 10,552 27,337 684,251 73,232 113,798 145,726 5,424 2,488 2,936 18,666 5,753,602 34,076 390,077 1,122,251 1,067,445 54,806 36,847 81,890 12,566 7,467 7,446 92,111 38,813 124,836 123,736 1,100 6,624 14,065 138,690 931,019 4,130,564 900 3,130 17,305 7,568 11,250 15,931 2,040 1,200 840 2,415 225 3,200 6,515 9,684 9,684 532 271 8,188 1,678 3,847 1,942 247 137 110 477 280,546 466 14,320 44,981 43,324 1,657 450 4,108 245 217 349 10,860 1,022 5,439 5,434 5 961 8,888 3,463 40,306 417,774 56,226 17,611 2,334,703 81,707 475,395 399,981 33,501 12,001 21,500 20,213 13,631,195 93,118 793,042 1,229,517 1,198,876 30,641 30,989 296,464 8,968 23,668 14,341 316,357 -40,883 230,634 230,028 606 23,615 24,059 179,495 2,332,5.53 9,009,413 480 778 20,047 3,657 1,170 15,207 679 308 371 555 607,322 1,265 61,526 53,665 48,626 5,039 2,410 2,535 961 425 493 5,026 2,030 6,155 6,155 77,627 76,765 3,549,043 212,861 656,219 734,044 56,771 19,971 36,800 58,572 23,005,921 172,412 1,440,266 2,788,452 2,682,197 106,255 80,505 466,634 47,052 40,820 39,050 795,241 128,390 562,950 546,400 16,550 37,416 59,988 403,825 3,923,754 16,634,083 20,921 58,376 1,194,293 127,497 179,654 318,856 22,591 7,662 14,929 37,804 8,767,404 78,029 585,698 1,505,270 1,434,695 . 70,575 47,106 167,635 37,123 16,727 24,216 473,858 85,477 326,161 310,217 15,944 13,377 35,647 222,253 1,487,318 7,111,116 8 44 80O 70 1,197 92 18 6 12 5 53,111 22 1,227 2,605 2,482 123 282 739 55 20 21 533 83 468 468 • 8 44 253 70 2 89 12 6 6 5 51 12 15 793 670 123 23,815 ""i,'675' 45 45 ■> 6,404 ^ 475 72 /[ 5 1,453 945 250 3 6 6 7 96 96 8 q ■ 6 10 3,200 320,807 6,000 50,070 95,128 89,928 5,200 5,570 20,663 2,012 114,046 4,252 31,860 81,420 80,380 1,040 912 4,484 100 n 31,880 ""i,'2i2" 1,091 1,091 ...... 21,180 !■> 8,87a 15,922 251 251 13 H 87 87 634 634 15 16 17 1 1,458 5,626 2,947 6,040 1,056 1,450 1,346 20,068 5,021 11,438 11,438 125 600 10 157 94 IS 45 45 20 21 73 83 468 468 12 5 19 1,144 468 40,556 2,781 56,298 53,398 2,900 2,000 780 10,201 41,147 325,445 1,000 43,822 7,686 50,730 50,730 460 23 755 11,654 3,000 8,654 0^ 360 1,376 1,030 20,829 66,066 424 262 2,077 103,883 513,554 5 7 360 4,262 17,783 5 7 '^8 1,920 12,228 54,308 351,161 0() 210 2,875 13,085 150 20 228 90 178 1,461 500 3,590 867 880 315 5,972 31 32 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 2 Liquors, malt 1 Lumber and timber products 1 Millinery and lace goods, trimmed bats and hat frames 1 Uodels and patterns, not including paperpattems 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Musical instruments, piano materials. 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . 2 Phonographs and graphophones 1 Pickles and preserves 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Scales and balances 1 Screws, macbimi0..i™xMy. .K.v/ Ij Silk goods, finished products 1 Soap 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere spec- ified 2 Stencils and brands 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling nulls 2 I works or rollmg mil i/licrosoft® Suspenders, garters, and elastic-woven goods 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Vinegar and cider i Waste, cotton '. i Window and door screens 1 Wirework ' " 2 Woolshoddy 1 s Same number reported throughout the year. OOTATO TO _/10 < Same number reported for one or more other months. 658 MANUFACTURES—MASSACHUSETTS. Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRT. WAGE EABNEKS DEC. 15, OB NEAREST BEPBESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. LYNN.— All industries. Awnings, tents, and sails Blacking, stains, and dressings.. Boot and shoe cut stock B oot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Regular factory product Stitching Crimping and contract work. . Buttonholes Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Foundry and machine-shop products. Lasts Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planmg mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing, job printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 429 29,064 10 44 44 106 90 9 3 4 6 39 5 4 24 10 10 113 816 942 13, 704 13,426 208 19 51 378 279 38 26 703 100 23 40 61 121 199 228 10,617 451 6 56 51 116 95 11 4 6 5 42 5 602 1,591 1,081 11 27 32 302 300 1 2 134 1 19 33 40 468 467 1 15 38 33 487 485 1 12 25,339 62 662 786 12,331 12,079 195 15 42 353 206 32 17 290 234 633 87 16 21 41 95 146 146 18 9,156 Mh27,115 Je 16 My 75 Mil 740 Ja 1,080 Mhl2,728 Mh 255 Mh 23 Ja Mh Do Se Fe s?y Au My Au3 64 380 211 44 26 321 272 712 HI Mb3 43 De 107 Je 8 155 Oc 152 No 3 22 No 24,086 De Oc No Je 2 51 623 528 Je 11,101 Je 159 Des No Oc Ja No No De Fe Ja ApS Fe Ja Au Mh 5 27 317 200 25 11 256 169 553 66 132 139 25,888 14 55 652 795 12,763 12,455 226 21 51 366 211 26 17 209 672 90 16 14 41 108 145 161 21 9,270 r 17,847 7,951 52 38 10 50 491 655 7,408 7,361 9 16 22 172 191 26 13 255 201 669 90 16 14 39 41 107 147 ■" 18 7,334 4 6 155 227 5,296 6,045 217 5 29 185 20 1,9 {44,252,508 6,750 120,356 3,922,912 1,311,623 12,825,756 12,787,684 ' 23,668 2,900 11,604 428,939 216,154 37,087 46,335 671,309 372,450 2,192,802 171,666 27,346 51,612 36,454 294,825 221,121 205,423 9,770 21,081,918 *A11 other iadustries embrace — Artificial stone products 2 Automobile repairing 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Brick 2 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Chemicals 1 Clothing, men's 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 7 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam , gas, and water 1 Engraving and diesmking 2 Fancy articles , metal novelties 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-mill and ^istmill products 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified ~. 2 Furniture, wood, other than rattan and willow 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heatings 1 NEWBEDFORD.— AU industries. Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Cotton goods ^foundry and machine-shop products. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmiHs. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing. Sausage Tobacco, cigars All other industries ■" 233 34,539 11 478 38 46 29,198 363 35 45 346 42 11 3,861 27 11 16 368 10 1 5 230 19 18 80 32 10 165 218 33,343 349 31 22 28,719 302 72 23 28 273 33 7 3,484 Ap 34,602 Oc 367 De3 33 Au 29 Ap 29,812 Ap Au Au Oo w Mh3 326 79 Se 31,964 Mh3 337 Ja 29 De3 17 Se 27,352 Fe FeS Ja 277 Au 266 (<) 33 Au 2 33,410 346 33 19 28,979 310 270 33 3,289 19,321 13,038 274 33 19 16,659 67 . 28 25 227 33 7 2,663 25 1 539 534 18 32 517 56 $88,243,781 577,919 69,890 48,140 78,230,430 378,640 80,476 46,008 83,724 529,784 49,790 7,572 8,141,408 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 3 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronze products 2 Brooms, from broom com 1 Card cutting and designing 1 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Chemicals 2 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing, spice 1 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Cordage and twine 2 Cotton small wares 1 Electroplating 1 Fancy articles, wood novelties 1 Firearms 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Furniture, store and office fixtures. . . 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MASSACHUSETTS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 659 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments rcport- mg. Officials. CIerks,etc. Wage earners. Rent ot factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration moome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines." Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines .2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 11,366,650 $2,591,945 $15,593,482 $243,545 $609,320 $288,353 $37,998,606 $696,571 $69,783,418 $31,088,241 22, 747 16, 817 2, 744 4,186 19, 438 :io H 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 21,697 62,478 56,998 669,427 668,153 750 1,256 28,266 63,769 953,872 952,436 500 624 12,825 5,499 800 40,828 31,010 44,930 7,690 2,040 1,000 40,220 19,975 28,632 1,668 418,933 9,309 11,563 .104 1,770 38,491 17,141 40,705 7,477 780 5,619- 468 22,974 12,192 54,953 644 1,258,013 3,954 43,382 365,251 395,301 8,031,284 7,918,900 87,410 5,912 19,062 177,025 164,340 24,346 10,298 215,907 152,591 316, 718 61,049 13,953 16,617 33,444 52,305 ■ 82,891 136,799 10,427 6,296,600 225 "i2,'3ii' 218,046 217, 821 226 1,500 800 3,176 1,080 6,358 648 14,988 46,091 60, 664 363, 316 356,682 4,415 1,226 11, 600 13,798 1,196 1,366 24,022 4,921 23,192 2,350 360 2,430 5,630 1,349 11,915 4,240 1,663 23, 792 13,709 8,251 59,369 59,109 192 36 32 3,906 2,475 296 509 9,633 2,302 11, 691 1,113 244 281 214 6,896 1,610 4,150 2,-567 158,294 11,253 295,274 9,313,280 2,401,821 16,246,001 16,226,333 15, Oil 850 3,807 405,674 433,130 17, 121 52,858 115,988 94,742 2,996,460 133, 116 13,710 23,622 13,822 236,739 121,832 74,454 12, 155 4,986,654 145 6 5,799 9,502 29,173 29,019 24 24 106 5,070 12, 850 697 1,383 4,757 10,649 23,616 1,197 1,158 1,019 322 1,509 1,942 7,416 30 578,331 26, 648 626,451 10,427,430 3,396,813 30,066,815 29,889,607 130,250 10, 700 36,358 735,948 784,033 55,522 82,305 523,538 389,107 3,848,671 277, 128 44, 793 67,087 93,973 1,180,498 344,845 336,924 32,346 16, 544, 614 14,160 230, 171 1,108,361 985,490 13,791,641 13,634,155 115,215 9,826 32,445 325,204 338,053 37,704 28,064 402,793 283,716 828,595 142, 815 29,925 42,446 79, 829 943,250 221,071 255,064 20, 160 10,979,769 2 78 416 477 3,268 3,174 77 3 14 507 99 55 73 224 447 1,450 285 70 17 30 48 136 250 160 370 370 78 153 108 1,924 1,860 61 255 "26' 710 226 3 100 20 203 30 40 100 i3,'947" 36 113 974 944 16 175 99 56 50 124 427 537 30 30 123 150 18 'i28' 833 19, 182 Grease and tallow, soap stock 2 Hardware 1 Hats,fur-felt 1 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wure nails. . 1 Jewelry 1 Lard, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing estabUshments 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Mucilage and paste 3 Photo.engravmg 1 Pocketbooks 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Saddlery and harness 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Shirts 1 Soap 2 Steam packing. . .'. i Stencils and brands 2 Surgical appliances i Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Wooden goods , not elsewhere specified 1 $1,246,960 $646,391 $16,558,156 $163,246 $67,551 $1,295,432 536,034,126 $1,539,521 $66,676,005 $28,001,358 112,151 109,774 741 1,636 25,321 1 18,073 780 5,240 888,652 27,638 3,550 37,805 520 8,900 274,254 10,438 1,116 1,400 1,978 26,251 2,450 620 280,769 185,667 17^654 15,932 13,716,067 190,128 49,189 27,238 15,837 193,817 21,290 4,201 2,121,136 19,143 4,209 923 623 1,086,889 3,478 950 635 775 5,475 483 1,788 189,204 718,507 14,917 134,666 29,176,348 210,104 132,181 10,863 41,331 142,514 252,481 7,819 5,192,495 22,741 1,036 1,995 1,141,497 19,041 2,467 1,986 1,008 9,660 3,258 72 334, 761 1,218,767 55, 617 ( 195,049 61,766,234 522,266 211,676 59,369 86,286 536,788 311,418 18,086 10,593,460 477, 619 39,666 58,488 21,448,389 293,111 77,028 46,520 43,946 384,614 55,679 10,195 6,066,204 247 15 53 102,918 591 375 55 44 611 76 50 is' 102,343 225 310 30 30 50 16 10 15 187 ;'"""45' '23,'867' o 1,360 4,560 35 126 316 65 9 14 365 61 ^ 128,176 450 50 i^ 12,719 1,731 220 756 16,408 604 282 11, 138 fi 7 2,919 16 H 2,100 68,130 200 96 10 I"" 232,787 20,590 7,266 6,703 104 459 1,414 13 Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and oma- Grease and tallow, soap stock 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Liquors, malt 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Mattresses and sprmg beds 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 4 Paints 2 Paper and wood pulp, paper exclu- sively 1 Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. 1 Patent medjcines and compounds 1 Plated ware, hollow ware 1 Saddlery and hafness 1 Screws, wood 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, small boats . 2 Silk goods, finished products 1 Soap 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 1 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 660 MANUFACTURES— MASS ACHUSETTS . Table 45.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY., Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- per in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tb day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SOMERVILLE— AUindustries . Artiflcial stone products Bread and other bakery products . Carriages.and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Foundry and machine-shop products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planmg mills connected with sawmills. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing All other Industries* 6,108 57 222 52 92 34 58 70 76 79 2,563 2,897 136 339 217 96 44 172 45 77 30 47 •53 59 44 2,309 2,626 Ja. 5, 732 Au 5,230 Je Jes 58 177 52 De3 Jy De De3 49 Ja 2,636 Des Ja Ja 27 165 36 Oc Ja De My Jy 38 My 2,116 5,559 43 169 44 62 31 31 S3 81 2,455 2,603 5,305 43 148 44 31 40 2,436 2,425 224 18 1S4 28 120,896,406 42,844 198,305 75,004 85,074 7,456 77,618 m,505 148,358 53,007 14,867,128 5,302,183 *A11 other industries embrace — Automobile repairing 2 Bluing 1 Bo-tes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronze products 2 Brushes 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies 2 Chocolate and cocoa products 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, women's 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Cordials and flavoring E^irups 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1- Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified . 2 Food preparations for animals and fowls 1 Furniture 3 SPRINGFIELD— AUindustries . Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Srass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream 395 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Engraving and diesinking Fancy articles, notelsewhere specified Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundry and machine-shop products Foundries Machine shops Hand stamps Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda wator^ Models and jjat terns, not Including paper patterns. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and compoimds Photo-engraving Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Prmting and pubUshing.book and j ob Printing andpublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting, publishing, and job priutiug. Publishing without printing Tobacco, cigars Tools , not elsewhere specified All other industries * 7 26 5 106 17,042 201 54 72 36 202 402 48 449 413 36 75 4 84 63 H 1,383 135 1,248 48 95 58 150 551 850 46 529 379 9,924 335 74 514 1,295 44 38 6 6 14 250 57 2 2 100 114 1 113 23 43 213 180 33 3 7 620 15 169 164 5 2 11 285 14,240 173 39 64 31 176 38 346 321 25 57 545 74 32 4 1,164 127 1,037 36 79 9 46 131 407 468 487 339 8,695 Fe 15,1 Je De Jy No Ja Ap 213 47 76 38 225 305 50 Au Oc Je 361 34 No Je3 116 35 Ap 148 Ja 1, 195 Ja 47 Ap 87 Au 14 An 2 79 Jy 26 My 30 Oc Oc My Jy 416 11 50 156 My 3 438 Mh 503 532 So 13,202 Fe Je Ja Au3 Au De No 133 34 58 24 126 Jy Ap Mh De 261 20 44 484 Ja De' Des 30 De No Se Je Ja No Mha 30 Jy 383 Des 8 No 3 43 De 107 Se 387 Au 414 Mh Jy 462 310 14,784 205 47 63 37 190 287 39 363 336 27 62 562 1,181 130 1,051 32 14 66 16 27 403 44 137 417 440 440 492 332 1,113 11,395 196 47 24 9 171 235 38 172 151 21 62 505 1,159 127 1,032 21 3 44 128 295 399 308 331 6,826 3,256 SI 187 181 57 211 6 120 37 37 183 2,191 52 42 $45,752,557 374,577 73, 745 20,896 19,229 340,587 704,537 136,524 849,002 785,164 63,848 56,543 1,977,443 2,703 74,001 151,767 7,345 4,450,871 187,892 4,262,879 S0,83ij 212,661 6,800 184,460 46,868 16,428 917,565 266,211 29,129 267,984 1,068,817 2,250,681 2,114,622 136,059 346,943 715,522 30,143,895 *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 1 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Belting, leather 1 Bluing 1 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brick 1 Brushes 1 Buttons 3 Card cutting and designing 1 Cardboard, not made in paper mills... 1 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not Including operations of railroad companies 1 Cash registers and parts 1 Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 2 Clothing, men's 1. Clothing, women's 3 Corsets 2 Cotton goods 2 Cotton small wares Electroplating Emery and other abrasive wheels Enameling Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing. ^ Owned power only. Envelopes 2 2 Includes rented power, other than Firearms 1 Flour-mill and gristmillprcducts 1 Furniture, store and ofnce fixtures ... 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Glass, cutting, staiuing, and orna- menting 1 Gold, leaf and foil 2 Hardware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw and wool 2 Hosiery and knit goods 1 electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MASS ACHUSETTS . OR MORK, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 061 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract woTk. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated iu estab- lish- ments report- ing. OfScials. Clerks,et Ameseury ., t Arlington . 4 Attleboro S Beverly A ■pRnnifTirNF . ■ ■ 7 s Chicopee . in Dedham 11 Everett 1'' 13 Fbamingham . I'l 1") Gloucester 16 Greenfield 17 IS Leominster 19 •>n Marlborough . 'I 9') Melrose ■j^ '1 Milford - '^ ■>fi 07 Newton . . . ?8 or) North Attleboroxjgh 30 31 Peabody , . . 30 t? Plymouth 31 36 60 78 60 13 15 3 92 31 10 37 103 48 9 8 8 86 11 1 8 17 3S 30 Wakefield 40 41 4'' Webster 43 44 West Springfield 4'; Weymouth 46 47 48 WOBURN 71 26 4 1 1 Owned power only, Digitized by IVIictb'^&im^ poller, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— MASS ACHUSETTS . BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 665 ' EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by m^jiufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Oifloials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam cn- gines.i Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (ren1> ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $170,612 91,890 1,040 68,086 841,094 »310,496 102,679 260 19,401 1,209,374 $1,564,980 554,339 6,371 691,805 6,202,924 $7,769 5,693 206 14,600 14,020 $11,244 1,725 28,432 75,676 $55,603 26,974 18 14,470 695,269 $3,355,769 1,211,476 5,792 2,196,266 21,877,936 $304,152 25,397 655 95,703 1,243,536 86,394,982 2,603,834 18,125 3,585,143 36,748,791 $2,735,061 1,366,961 11,678 1,293,174 13,627,319 11,269 1,280 60 3,529 34,450 6,135 485 25 2,104 23,080 560 1,250 175 190 790 35 865 20 5,364 Iron and steel forgings 4 Iron and sl«el, nails £ind spikes^ cut and wrought, including wire nails 1 Jewelry 2 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Liquors, malt 2 Lithographing 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Matches 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 1 Musical iostruments and materials, not specified 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Opticalgoods 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Photographic material? 3 Photo-engraving 1 Pickles and sauces 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Refrigerators 2 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials, metal shingles and ceilings 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Sand-lime brick 1 Saws 1 Screws, machine 4 Screws, wood 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Shirts 1 Show cases 1 Signs, other than electric 1 Slau^tering and meat packing 5 Soap 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Statuary and art goods 1 Stencils smd brands 2 Stereoptyping and electrotyping 2 Surgical appliances 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 3 Tobacco, chewing and smoking 2 Trunks and valises 2 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified i Vinegar and cider 1 Wall paper 1 Window and door screens 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied ^....... 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 I NHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $166,451 110,584 27,602 405,463 241,289 33,498 502,596 394,213 124,205 26,046 365,483 680,104 278,771 234,747 238,004 161,581 563,765 285,277 186,711 92,284 84,385 52,855 67,071 116,416 37,452 228,839 158,889 318,526 232, 121 259,452 268,784 698,303 191,961 302,715 8,973 273,516 258,710 424,884 101,833 290,778 239,961 149,082 274,821 127,777 132,333 79,957 4,660 133,514 $39,294 55,089 21,856 593,702 277,810 47,417 700,327 516,070 129,459 8,346 343,530 357,049 838,468 128,464 226,137 243,714 633,447 149,818 232,288 141,565 51,567 55,322 44.286 72,355 44,309 258,536 234,525 355,223 324,586 169,833 255,007 1,235,314 126,794 334,682 3,772 ' 180,256 230.883 432,658 54,337 367,265 532,783 69,642 464,573 199,367 227,431 56,936 97,052 $1,793,485 1,009,000 185,076 3,518,140 3,355,643 238,908 3,853,613 3,130,634 1,8&3,990 120,326 2,046,650 4,814,583 2,256,880 2,084,024 1,337,341 876,790 8,614,484 2,574,281 1,477,471 2,119,443 355,268 484,407 854,876 991,698 744,906 1,655,808 1,184,576 2,775,428 1,383,259 1,960,419 3,072,100 4,682,517 1,481,226 4,584,382 68,633 2,802,913 2,271,618 4,134,824 1,195,573 4,004,698 2,855,286 1,471,329 2,127,269 1,530,674 1,196,197 643,440 11,256 914,653 $138 13,741 1,265 28,716 2,918 4,417 120,340 27,985 6,364 275 15,671 64,049 18,096 214 23,282 5,340 574,299 29,195 9,915 5,659 461 5,309 2,393 1,040 13,559 7,506 27,638 268,891 259,736 4,969 7,033 154,762 2,700 135,722 2,485 4,298 22,606 14,088 25,414 1,895 136 4,125 80,675 3,100 12,027 $3, 266 23,180 6,733 167,395 57,380 17,135 55,598 10,891 9,286 2,032 39,501 253,389 55,60? 15,826 30,873 19,066 350,469 26,763 26,933 16,245 34,869 5,512 6,783 14,042 6,370 20,000 14,846 17,345 69,546 11,815 23,232 32,408 6,055 17,286 5,546 116,632 2,916 33,967 8,852 23,973 8,774 4,601 51,432 8,721 4,977 5,407 876 15,884 $116,665 26,077 8,489 121,779 43,650 8,643 120,807 303,590 109,653 8,649 384, 158 261, 119 82,441 71,011 70,545 79,250 115,453 62,811 111,708 24,818 15,637 20,095 46,068 24,150 9,241 101,049 50,770 119,626 49,935 123,594 121,614 199,224 100,118 86,267 6,221 ■114,911 64,316 187,038 47,457 180,232 118,469 56,950 99,723 69,913 33,909 15, 106 1,301 48,667 $3,600,893 L 738, 215 '^ 245, 208 7,167,259 3,046,921 $196,326 66,662 31,642 211,988 119,001 208,954 9,168,680 16,706,881 3,402.241 189,247 8,921 245,918 411,022 208,111 21,294 4,575,141 14,263,554 4,313,319 2,958,719 5,475,505 1,935,612 833,163 133,763 120,731 114,299 1,340,606 26,108,963 5,227,753 2,969,071 6,427,204 81,819 403,224 182,155 279,622 40,682 1,793,028 1,309,609 2,800,153 2,247,342 3,299,301 62,308 24,512 150,665 50,837 18,227 4,654,416 3,061,809 5,337,503 1,862,213 3,719,937 102,619 79,984 359,624 51,941 168,383 11,845,287 8,699,521 9,990,410 4,827,102 191,648 398,199 429,815 132,733 260,677 28,019 7,936,035 3,148,431 7,680,657 3,075,514 3,624,280 209,182 139,452 426,567 68,300 191,155 '6,489,062 6,756,808 3,299,656 2,237,622 204,655 226,468 134,399 172,702 5,006,789 3,525,943 30,548 3,185,964 51,558 76,059 7,586 165,416 $6,530,233 3,551,434 641,092 13,946,884 8,774,187 658,802 16,971,028 28,869,152 6,735,297 427,690 13,219,200 23,983,352 8,726,574 7,449,987 8,533,964 3,527,101 42,409,246 10,838,024 8,366,344 9,983,632 2,618,893 2,499,029 4,461,111 4,028,492 4,566,253 8,245,998 5,822,853 10,922,575 4,867,725 8,680,730 18,441,906 22,241,237 13,904,545 12,097,452 13,652,586 7,366,430 15,885,812 6,057,669 10,236,912 14,764,326 9,233,919 8,430,439 5,039,953 8,251,041 5,159,479 77,994 , 5,517,806 $2,733,013 1,746,557 364,242 6,567,637 5,608,265 440,627 7,656,430 11,751,249 3,124,945 217, 149 6,708,447 8,886,635 4,279,492 4,370,537 2,944,160 2,104,676 15,897,059 5,428,116 5,117,651 3,515,746 763,557 1,164,908 1,510,293 1,730,313 1,248,725 3,488,963 2,681,060 6,225,448 2,953,571 4,692,410 6,198,420 13,111,901 3,781,402 7,009,673 130,029 5,507,369 4,078,547 7,779,588 2,913,845 6,421,477 8,070,709 2,250,643 4,986,384 2,629,629 3,192,694 1,557,477 39,860 2,166,420 12,673 1,641 542 7,486 4,659 323 7,031 22,907 9,931 1,090 10,908 38,371 6,058 5,046 2,682 2,544 10,839 6,408 3,547 2,332 1,495 1,582 6,247 2,137 1,017 4,412 5,576 12,946 1,866 7,631 15,764 15,989 9,229 10,153 675 11,802 8,995 20,997 1,831 7,926 4,377 6,130 4,046 12, 131 2, 649 1,644 197 9,644 967 370 3,274 4,107 215 5,345 12,490 7,548 637 9,340 22,045 4,483 3,567 2,050 291 5,575 3,886 2,837 1,460 1,412 3,960 1,805 639 3,894 4,794 8,675 819 3,360 13,776 13,012 6,323 8,066 505 7,435 5,175 16,782 1,530 6,145 2,984 4,513 2,966 8,283 1,843 1,390 156 2,979 869 244 4 020 54 43 11 176 85 50 40 38 5 , 481 751 124 384 1,222 700 2 519 130 321 215 23 1,775 85 612 6,390 45 415 300 3,844 500 484 25 230 1,888 25 234 936 19 25 5 16 830 108 75 83 250 ■ 125 2,651 185 1,717 1,262 445 3,192 1,340 543 357 3,305 179 "is 1,254 634 79 2,741 308 104 1,066 3,973 2,295 27 1,092 12,397 1,025 955 547 1,998 3,351 1,362 691 872 488 165 1,441 149 145 291 1,615 381 1,703 1,864 1,341 1,240 1,387 68 3,848 1,283 1,074 678 516 581 243 7 858 963 2,969 180 2,724 8,607 5,611 175 2,762 1,791 2,013 2,090 320 1,135 22 53 70 3,856 46 1,105 2,161 1,205 1,3 4,055 31 31,612 32 605 6,214 5 137- 2,601 1,980 910 5,075 640 1,398 1,440 6,627 1,050 3,646 148 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 iS 46 47 48 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN, GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Mcbigan was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1837. With a gross area of 57,980 square miles, of which 500 represent water surface, it ranks twenty^econd in size among the states. Itsihhabitants ia 1900 numbered 2,420,982 and in 1910, 2,810^173, and the estimated population in 1914 was 2,976^030. In total population Michigan ranked eighth among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked seventeenth, with 48.9 inhab- itants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 bemg 42.1. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 1,327,044, or 47.2 per cent of the total, as against 39.3 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 3 cities having an estimated population of more than 60,000 each, namely, Detroit, 537,650; Grand Rapids, 123,227; and Saginaw, 53,988. There were also 24 cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000 but less than 50,000. These 27 cities, whose aggregate population in 1914 formed 40.4 per cent of the esti- mated total population of the state, reported 64.3 per cent of the state's manufactured products. The transportation facUities of the state, both by rail and by water, are excellent. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Com- merce Commission, was 8,934, and the length of road of electric railways was 1,396 miles in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are available). In addition, four of the Great Lakes, which nearly surroimd the state, form an important factor in the transportation system, furnishing, with canals, a direct water outiet to the Atlantic seaboard. The total value of farm crops in 1909 was $162,004,681, of which 51 per cent ($82,613,296) represented grain and seeds, and 22.2 per cent ($36,040,087) hay and forage. The total value of domestic animals on farms was $131,746,348, of which 30.7 per cent ($40,500,318) represented cattle and 54.1 per cent ($71,312,474) horses. The total mineral production of the state in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was valued at $57,732,447, the principal products being copper ore, $21,857,759, and iron ore, $18,722,358. In that year Michigan ranked second among the states in the production of iron ore and third in copper, with 26 per cent and 14.3 per cent, respectively, of the total values reported for the United States. Importaace and growth of manufactures. — The manu- factured products of Michigan in 1914 were valued at $1,086,162,432; the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 271,090 (9.1 per- cent of the total population of the state); and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measure of the importance of a manufacturing industry, amotmted to $493,361,368. The proportion which the manufactures of the state represented of the total value of products in the United States increased from 2.8 per cent in 1899 to 3.3 per cent in 1909 and to 4.5 per cent in 1914. The growing industrial impor- tance of Michigan is indicated by the fact that in value of manufactured products it has advanced from ninth place among the states in 1899 to eighth in 1904 and to seventh in 1914. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Michigan for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUFACTUEING INDUSTKIES. 1914 1909 1904 1899 PER CENT OF INCKEASE.l 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged - . . .• Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital. Salaries and wages Salaries Wages , Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (v^ue of products less cost of materials). 8,724 320,611 7,725 41,796 271,090 7M,183 $869. 143, 114 250,524,979 68,272,695 182, 252, 284 7, 973, 706 18, 481, 171 592,801,064 1,086,162,432 493,361,368 9,159 271, 071 8,965 30, 607 231,499 598, 288 1583,946.965 153. 838. 044 34, 870, 214 118,967,830 3,397,011 11, 757, 437 368,612,022 685,109,169 316,497,147 7,446 200,196 7,732 17,235 175,229 440, 890 $337,894,102 98, 749, 270 17, 470, 433 81,278,837 4, 475, 054 s 4, 072, 474 230,080,931 429, 120, 060 199, 039, 129 7,310 m 13, 350 155, 800 368,497 $246, 996, ,529 74,867,786 12,335,974 62,531,812 m m 175,966,128 319,691.856 143, 725, 728 -4.7 18.3 -13.8 36.6 17.1 27.7 48.8 62.8 95.8 63.2 134.7 57.2 60.8 58.5 55.9 23.0 35.4 15.9 77.6 32.1 35.7 72.8 55.8 99.6 46.4 -24.1 60.2 59.7 59.0 » A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized oft® ' Exclusive of internal revenue. 1.9 29.1 12.5 19.6 36.8 31.9 41.6 30.0 30.8 34.2 38.5 (067) 668 MANUFACTURES. During the 15 years covered by Table 1, the capital invested in manufacturing- industries and the value of manufactured products more than trebled, and marked increases are. shown for most of the items for which figures are given. This table brings out the fact that the manufactur- ing industries of Michigan, as a whole, developed to a greater extent during each of the two more recent five- year periods, 1904-1909 and 1909-1914, than during the period 1899-1904. The increase in value of products in 1914 over 1909 was $401,053,263, or 58.5 per cent, which was more than the total value of products for the state as reported at any census prior to 1904. During the period 1909-1914 the number of establishments decreased by 435, or 4.7 per cent, and the number of proprietors and firm members, by 1,240, or 13.8 per cent. The decrease in the number of establishments may be largely accounted for by the decrease in the establishments engaged in the lumber and timber and flour-mill and gristmill industries, which also affects the number of pro- prietors and firm members, as these industries were principally in small mills under individual or partner- ship forms of ownership. The decrease in pro- prietors and firm members may also be due to changes in character of ownership, as shown in Table 16. The amount paid for contract work in 1914 was more than double the amount reported for 1909. The increase was due largely to the changes in the methods employed in conducting the various manufacturing industries, and was most noticeable in the automobile industry. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2, CENSUS OF 191 j. PEK CENT OF INCEEASE.l Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of prodrftts. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899^ 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 8,724 271,090 100.0 31,086,162,432 100. S493,361,368 100.0 17.1 32.1 12.5 58.5 59.7 34.2 55.9 69.0 38.5 Automobiles, including bodies and 205 705 748 202 427 23 1,113 37 364 36 626 64 142 56 922 70 36 10 27 69 91 30 26 21 33 162 12 24 39 34 16 11 15 82 177 23 14 35 in Tab 67,638 26,497 28,627 16,267 1,370 2,773 8,166 6,051 1,367 1,181 9,075 4,731 3,369 1,683 4,014 2,097 4,509 1,326 4,074 2,349 2,507 2,143 6,803 696 1,314 2,397 991 2,036 2,502 2,714 2,149 1,340 1,434 1,967 1,417 1,461 760 1,144 le 37; a m 24.9' 9.8 10.6 6.0 0.5 1.0 3.0 2.2 0.5 0.4 3.3 1.7 1.2 0.6 1.5 0.8 1.7 0.5 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.8 2.1 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 ■ 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 inu^. 398,289,022 64,676,497 58,523,217 33,857,041 27,381,474 25,503,573 24,953.324 22,049,990 21,549,597 21,266,915 20,667,016 16,868,725 16,433,772 16,005,282 16,000,068 15,041,247 13,891,415 11,023,058 10, 756, 739 10,440,641 8,194,225 7,731,217 7,569,197 6,110,200 5,891,274 5,650,135 5,450,063 5,357,151 5,306,230 5,232,985 4,981,681 4,529,026 4,420,772 3,838,953 3,774,827 3,747,876 3,587,842 3,416,600 m (rr) denotes 36.7 6.9 5.4 3.1 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 * 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 decrea nv 179,073,627 37,456,742 29,167,209 19,495,818 4,082,303 4,521,326 17,455,196 7,505,045 3,087,094 1,983,717 11,703,664 6,395,258 9,431,216 8,966,167 6,691,971 10,713,219 7,517,930 4,778,673 7,042,118 7,084,447 3,301,640 6,091,269 4,304,747 2,777,385 1,973,142 2,842,738 1,573,484 2,175,760 2,310,392 2,622,650 3,083,032 2,121,312 2,353,652 1, 775, 786 1,846,976 1,617,079 1,335,961 1,675,952 36.3 7.6 5.9 4.0 0.8 0.9 3.5 1.5 0.6 0.4 2.4 1.1 1.9 1.8 1.4 2.2 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.4 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 esar^ 165. 4' 22.4 -19.9 -2.1 -10.5 21.0 13.1 39.8 27.4 30.9 15.2 -0.8 3.7 29.2 52.2 37.3 42.1 -9.2 -9.1 32.6 20.9 -9.2 7.4 830.3 32.0 4.2 14.0 1.5 31.1 20.3 41.8 22.6 80.8 22.5 0.4 -25.9 13.5 13.6 22.4 19.0 51.5 74.0 6.4 21.7 312.1 42.2 -4.9 18.2 -21.5 66.4 43.8 58.4 50.8 58.3 27.7 21.4 22.0 39.3 44.4 52.9 7.8 5.2 17.9 54.7 64.8 —16.6 10.7 1,108.6 44.4 7.5 39.7 31.5 64.1 44.0 89.6 74.0 111.4 36.4 23.6 -16.7 27.8 22.5 56.3 46.8 74.0 109.5 17.7 28.3 318.7 40.3 -10.2 15.2 -25.8 40.8 40.6 63.2 61.6 12.1 30.5 10.2 10.5 33.0 51.7 44.4 -3.8 12.5 11.7 53.4 74.0 —20.2 9.7 839.2 53.8 m 42.7 77.6 65.1 43.9 77.4 61.6 143.3 27.8 Foundry and machine-shop prod- 16.6 Lumber and timber products Furniture and refrigerators -11.2 38.0 Flour-mill and gristmill products. . . Leather, tanned, ciuried, and fin- ished -4.3 66.9 37.8 Paper and wood piUp 82.8 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Slaughtering and meat pacMng Tobacco manufactures. ... 83.3 24.9 14.8 Brass, bronze, and copper products. Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Food preparations, not elsewhere specified . 28.1 25.2 20.2 20.1 -4.8 20.6 0.2 37.6 2.5 -25.4 21.8 12.1 179.1 65.1 29.7 16.4 156.0 "'95.6' 44.4 62.8 12.6 28.7 70.2 55.7 40.6 42.6 94.8 13.7 74.5 30.2 6.3 27.4 43.7 257.0 73.6 32.1 69.7 235.7 "U2.b 43.7 37.5 23.9 27.9 49.9 35.2 39.8 68.7 162.8 19.2 68.2 31.5 2?,. 2 41.6 51.7 270.5 Bread and other bakery products... Liquors, malt 76.9 29.1* 75.8 Sugar, beet 1 228.7 Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Gas, illuminating and heating Canning and preserving 133.7 72.6 35.4 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad com- 25.2 Paints Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Iron and steel, blast furnaces Boots and shoes 44.6 0.5 -2.5 -17.1 -30.1 6.6 -12.7 2.6 6.2 -25.5 -64.9 10.2 -36.5 6 1 -7.6 62.0 -10.8 42.5 54.3 -17.5 78.6 26.9 -1.8 1.1 -37.0 58.6 103.3 186.0 122.0 64.3 -;6.6 23.0 -7.5 -4.' 2' 56.1 ' 4.7 47.2 11.5 14.6 -6.4 1.9 -18.8 29.9 14.1 65.4 21.0 -3.8 -62.8 41.2 1.0 46.8 [ess th£ 52.8 70.6 25.4 48.9 55.4 11.2 121.2 13.9 51.9 2.5 -31.8 190.6 167.7 177.0 99.6 84.4 2.6 29.8 16.0 -i's' 96.7 16.5 155.0 7.3 19.3 -1.7 . 14.0 -26.5 32.3 23.8 40.3 17.1 -10.6 -62.3 66.1 -16.4 29.3 26.2 59.7 3.9 26.0 87.4 11.3 95.4 -8.4 66.6 -6.4 -24.1 114.7 107.5 234.0 67.0 101.7 Clothing, men's, including shirts Hosiery and knit floods -2.7 33.6 Corsets 27.9 Cement.. Salt -11.1 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified ... 105.0 Carriages and wagons and materials. Boxes, fancy and paper 20.8 123.1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Electrical machinery, apparatus. i.^n 2 1S7.5 231.5 fin a 217.9 I-.9.4 1 Percentages are based on figures can not be given. mitted where base is cm n 100, or whei e comparable figures MICHIGAN. G69 Table Z — Continued. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . CENSUS or 1914. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Valae of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Per cent distri- bu- tion. PES CENT OF INCREASE. 1 Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Confectionery Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Wood distillation Clothing, women's Leather goods Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Wall plaster Confectionery (ice cream) Window shades and fixtures Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Mineral and soda waters Fur goods Coffee, roasting and grinding Marble and stone work Iron and steel forgings Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods ■. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Paving materials Woolen goods Artificial stone products Show cases Carriages and sleds, children's Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Wood, turned and carved Mattresses and spring beds Ice, manufactured , Scales and balances Signs and advertising novelties Mirrors, framed and unframed Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Toys and games Soap Awnings, tents, and sails Oil, essential All other industries 102 64 62 17 10 .12 103 120 35 16 111 11 23 217 6 13 7 11 24 53 681 2,194 993 1,261 1,070 645 l,6-/2 675 638 597 631 194 702 718 391 380 88 461 >«e2 540 570 477 410 462 576 278 443 140 189 238 251 78 154 38 18,560 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 m 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 $3,174,160 3,039,808 2,822,557 2,681,855 2,678,151 2,660,507 2,425,554 2,174,957 2, 094, 365 2,073,741 1,802,993 1, 754, 750 1,716,351 1,695,666 1,679,920 1,617,989 1,561,481 1, 492, 842 1,354,669 1,326,474 1,228,604 1, 216, 467 1,059,966 1,034,635 970,486 965,451 949,751 877, 136 764,956 612,022 566,058 540,741 536,756 529,373 522, 446 601, 915 491, 842 91,098,370 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 (') 8.4 $2,116,638 1,220,307 1,563,814 1,422,486 970,382 1,466,660 1,012,458 992,242 1,158,772 1,330,812 764,645 771, 268 845,410 877,099 861,965 301, 991 924,667 685,975 706,764 694,590 847, 706 422, 730 659, 670 571,920 527,848 578, 854 610, 665 358,092 636, 620 404, 328 387, 133 199, 166 251,961 283,650 159,966 240,619 266,220 37,329,798 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7.6 23.9 -5.6 -46.2 -39.9 -20.0 -23.8 -19.1 8.5 51.1 -15.4 10.4 -39.3 55.2 -38.6 15.8 -16.3 79.8 23.0 8.1 34 4 17.3 66.4 177.0 7.4 32.4 82.0 in.'s' 3.0 26.7 -31.5 40.7 3?. 7 -12.0 -8.0 38.4 3.3 -43.9 -36.5 11.8 -23.8 -5.2 66.3 35.5 46.0 18.1 73.3 69.3 113.0 225.1 -1.2 843 141.8 51.5 25.4 -32.9 68.1 65.4 -4.3 -7.4 16.2 44,8 -2.5 375.0 26.4 -30.2 6.1 17.4 -52.9 48 65.8 35.4 -35.7 86.4 -26.4 72.5 3.8 148.0 24 9 155.1 -1.5 81.3 29.0 605.3 38.2 ■241 27.7 2.5 -40.1 10.6 -11.4 54.9 96.7 -6.0 -60.2 -16.8 -32.2 -49.3 -9.2 409.2 21.1 667.2 33.4 129.3 54.3 -7.3 57.7 963.8 171.9 36.6 33.6 -11.0 300.0 16.7 -44.5 42.2 -14.1 -44.4 27.3 284.2 16.9 663.0 60.2 102.4 9.0 34.0 769.4 200.9 69.6 -1.3 18.5 -36.2 -10.0 14.7 19.4 -7.9 65.1 -48.1 74 3 315.4 -10.0 87.8 7.4 -35.7 -83.5 -18.0 11.9 22.5 -2.5 43.8 1.2 10.3 70.8 -33.0 77.2 102.5 21.8 105.7 13.3 -9.2 29.0 -38.5 -35.8 -22.0 -21.8 -8.1 32.4 28.2 31.9 57.6 -21.1 61.8 -33.7 17.1 1.4 89.7 19.6 96.9 -40.3 18.0 -46.5 24 2 -21.8 -43.2 26.9 301.3 37.3 -29.9 -17.7 10.1 -12.1 60.7 274.6 11.6 72.2 34.3 79.7 221.4 -1.1 75.2 118.4 m'.i' 17.5 63.2 76.9 658.8 32.6 -15.4 28.0 635.5 61.4 127.3 58.1 9.8 541 6.3 50.0 51.5 -41 46.5 18.9 -15.2 74.8 94.7 -2.8 -48 -24.6 27.2 26.1 -40.1 26.5 63.6 95.0 670.9 183.3 56.5 53.5 -8.0 30.9 18.6.7 29.5 1.0 12.1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 37; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 75 industries, or iadustry groups, for each, of which products valued at mor/B than $490,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 20, with products exceeding $10,- 000,000 in value; 10, with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000; 32, with products between $1,000,- 000 and $5,000,000; and 13, with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," are 26 industries which have products exceeding in value some of those presented ia the table. Of these industries, there were 14 which had a product in excess of $1,000,000. These are included under the head of "all other industries," to avoid the possible disclosure of the operations of iadividual establishments. Of these industries, the smeltiag and refining of copper was the most impor- tant and ranked high among the industries of the state. The manufacture of cash registers and calcu- Digitized by latiag machines was next in importance, followed by rubber goods; steam-raiboad cars; coke; silk goods; varnishes; billiard tables and materials; fertilizers; smelting and refining, not from the ore; distilled liquors; glucose and starch; cleansing and poHshing preparations; and house-furnishiag goods, not else- where specified. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The automobile industry ranked first in all three respects. Foundry and machine shop and lumber and timber industries ranked second and third, respectively, in both value of products and value added by manufacture, but were third and second, respect- ively, in average number of wage earners. Furniture and refrigerators ranked fourth in all three respects. Microsoft® 670 MANUFACTURES. Flour-mill and gristmill products ranked, fifth in Talue of products, but was thirty-first in number of wage earners, and twentieth in value added by manuf actiu-e. The rank of the flour-miU and gristmill industry in value of products, as compared with its low rank in nmnber of wage earners and value added by manuf ac- tm"e, is due in part to the fact that the work is done largely by machinery and comparatively few employ- ees are required; therefore, the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is small in comparison with the corresponding proportions for most other industries. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished, sixth in value of products, was fourteenth in number of wage earners and eighteenth in value added by manufacture. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk held ninth place in value of products, but ranked thirty-second in number of wage earners, and twenty- second in value added^ by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing, tenth in value of output, was thirty-seventh in number of wage earners and thirty- second in value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products, there were a number of changes as compared with 1909. Auto- mobiles, including bodies and parts, and butter, cheese, and condensed-milk industries held the same rank in value of products in 1914 as in 1909. Foimdry and machine-shop products advanced from third in 1909 to second place in 1914, having displaced lumber and timber products, which took third place. Furni- ture and refrigerators and flour-mill and gristmill products, ranking fourth and fifth, respectively, in 1914 exchanged places during the five-year period from 1909, when they ranked fifth and fourth, re- spectively. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished, advanced from eighth place in 1909 to sixth place in 1914; paper and wood pulp, from tenth place in 1909 to eighth place in 1914; and slaughtering and meat packing, from thirteenth place in 1909 to tenth place in 1914. Printing and publishing ranked sixth in 1909 but seventh in 1914. For the remainder of the in- dustries numerous changes from census to census are noticeable. Automobiles, including bodies and farts. — ^Prior to 1904, the statistics for the manufacture of automo- biles were reported with those for the carriage and wagon industry. Michigan has held first rank in the industry at each successive census since 1904, con- tributing 26.6 per cent of the total value of products in this industry for the United States in 1904; 38.8 per cent in 1909; and 62.9 per cent in 1914. It is interesting to note that 16.1 per cent of the entire number of estabhshments and 53.1 per cent of the average number of wage earners employed in. the in- dustry were reported for Michigan in 1914. The total value of products has grown from $7,996,534 in 1904 to $96,651,451 in 1909, and $398,289,022 in 1914, be- ing ahnost fifty times as great in 1914 as in 1904. In 1914 the automobile industry employftd.24.9oer cent of the wage earners engaged in manufactures in the state, and contributed 36.7 per cent of the total value of man- ufactured products. Of the total increase in value of manufactured products in the state from 1909 to 1914, $301,637,571, or 75.2 per cent, was in this industry. This classification also includes the manufacture of automobile accessories, but these products are iater- woven with the manufacture of foundry and machiae- shop products; brass, bronzy and copper products; rubber goods, not elsewhere specified; electrical ma- chinery, apparatus, and supplies; and carriages and wagons. The statistics for automobile bodies and parts, therefore, do not represent rthe fuU extent of this branch of the industry. Food and Icindred products. — In Michigan this group of industries includes flSur mills and gristmills, not iucluding those doing custom grinding; the butter, cheese, and condensed-mitk industry; slaughtering and meat packing, including the manufacture of sausage; food preparations, including fancy cereals, mincemeat, canned soups, and similar preparations; bakeries; beet-sugar jmdustry; canning and preserving, which includes the canning and preserving of fruits, vegetables, and fish, and the preparation of pickles, preserves, and sauces; confectionery; and coffee, roast- ing and grinding. In 1914 the 1,986 establishments reported for these nine industries employed , 14,529 wage earners, manufactured products valued at $126,- 078,416, and added $34,413,863 to the materials by the processes of manufacture. Although during the period 1909-1914 there was a decrease of 62, or 3 per cent, ia the number of establishments, the ntunber of wage earners increased by 2,423, or 20 per cent; the value of products by $21,591,790, or 20.7 per cent; and the value added by manufacture, by $6,528,937, or 23.4 per cent. With the exception of flour mills and grist- mills, each of the industries showed an increase in value of products during the period. Foundry and machine-shop products. — ^This industry group employed an average of 26,497 wage earners and reported an output valued at $64,576,497 in 1914, which represent increases of 22.4 per cent and 42.2 per cent, respectively, over the corresponding figures for 1909. The niae industries of this group, together with the value of products of each, are general foundry and machiae-shop products, $39,428,783; engines, steam and gas, $12,369, 172; structural ironwork, $4,918,366; steam fittiags and steam and hot-water heating ap- paratus, $2,915,323; plumbers' suppMes, $1,914,139; hardware, $1,591,385; pumps, steam and other power, $637, 251 ; gas machines and gas and water meters, $443,853; and automobile repairing, $358,225. The statistics do not fully represent the importance of this iudustry, as many establishments, primarily engaged in the manufacture of a distiactive product, were assigned to other classifications, although their subsidiary products included articles similar to those f /If^fF^'^h^"^^^^^^ ^^^ machine shops. MICHIGAN. 671 Lumber and timber products. — ^Under this heading are included logging plants, whose chief products are logs and bolts; sawmills, shingle miUs, and planing mills, producing rough lumber, shingles, lath, cooperage materials, sash, doors, blinds, interior finish and other millwork; and wooden packing-box factories. Statis- tics for mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for local consumption are not included. In 1914 the industry ranked third in the state in number of estabhshments, second in average number of wage earners, and third in value of products and in value added by manufacture. The number of wage earners employed was 28,527, and the total value of products amounted to $58,523,217. In 1914 there were 748 establishments as compared with 1,180 in 1909. The supply of timber in the state has steadily declined. Since 1889 the value of products for the industry has decreased at each census year except 1909. Furniture and refrigerators. — ^Michigan ranked second among the states in this industry and first in refriger-' ators alone in 1914.- The value of the output of the industry amounted to $33,857,041 in 1914, as com- pared with $28,641,684 in 1909, an increase of 18.2 per cent. In 1914 the furniture branch of the industry em- ployed an average of 14,706 wage earners and turned out products valued at $30,184,542, which were 90.4 per cent and 89.2 per cent, respectively, of the cor- responding totals for the industry as a whole. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — This classifi- cation includes not only establishments which are en- gaged primarily in the tanning, currying, and finishing of leather for themselves, but also those which treat hides or skins for others. The industry has shown remarkable growth, the value of pr(iducts having increased from $1,744,000 in 1889 to $25,503,573 in 1914. During the period 1909- 1914 the number of wage earners increased by 482, or 21 per cent, and the value of products by $10,172,469, or 66.4 per cent. Printing and publishing. — ^Under this classification are included estabhshments engaged in printing and publishing newspapers and periodicals, books, and music; job printing; bookbinding and blank-book making; lithographing; and steel and copper plate engraving. The industry ranked first in the state in number of estabhshments — reporting about one-eighth of aU manufactiu'ing estabhshments — employed only 3 per cent of the wage earners, and contributed 2.3 per cent of the value of products. The number of wage earners increased from 7,219 in 1909 to 8,166 in 1914, or 13.1 per cent, and the value of products in- creased from $17,348,341 in 1909 to $24,953,324 in 1914, or 43.8 per cent. Paper and wood pulp. — In 1914 the manufacture of paper and wood pulp ranked seventh among the indus- tries of the state in average number of wage- earners Digitized by and eighth in value of products. There were 37 estab- hshments reported for the industry, 28 of which pro- duced paper only. During the five-year period 1909- 1914 the average number of wage earners increased from 4,327 to 6,051, or 39.8 per cent; the value of products from $13,922,124 to $22,049,990, or 58.4 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $4,897,529 to $7,505,045, or 53.2 per cent. Kalamazoo is the leading city of the state in this industry, with a product in 1914 of $7,093,440, or 32.2 per cent of the total reported forthe state. The total value of paper produced in mUls properly belong- ing to Kalamazoo (11.2 per cent of the total product for the state is produced just outside the corporate hmits of the city) constitutes 43.4 per cent of the total for the state. Tobacco manufactures. — ^This industry reported 626 estabhshments, of which 609 manufactured cigars; 8, smoking tobacco; and 9, chewing tobacco and snuif. Cigars constituted 58.7 per cent of the value of the products for the entire industry. Although there was a decrease of 103 in the number of establishnrents in the industry from 1909 to 1914, the average nmnber of wage earners increased from 7,876 to 9,075, or 15.2 per cent, and the value of products, from $16,178,533 to $20,667,016, or 27.7 per cent. The industry is centered in Detroit, where more than four-fifths of the total value of the products for the state were re- ported in 1914. Brass, bronze, and copper products. — ^This classifica- tion includes statistics for 64 estabhshments, 54 of which were primarily engaged in the manufacture of brass castings and brass goods; 3, bronze products; 5, copper products; 1, metal spinnings; and 1, alum- inum castings. Although there was a slight decrease in number of wage earners during the period 1909- 1914, the value of products increased by $2,978,505, or 21.4 per cent. Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' prep- arations. — ^Michigan ranked second among the states in this industry as a whole and first in the manufac- ture of druggists' preparations. The nuniber of wage earners in the industry increased from 3,249 in 1909 to 3,369 in 1914, or 3.7 per cent, and the value of products increased from $13,475,456 to $16,433,772, or 22 per cent. The manufacture of druggists' prep- arations employed 2,175 wage earners, and its prod- ucts amounted to $11,738,662 in 1914, which were 64.6 per cent and 71.4 per cent, respectively, of the corresponding totals for the entire industry. Chemicals. — This industry owes its importance to the extensive salt deposits of the state. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners engaged in the manufacture of chemicals increased by 1,335, or 42.1 per cent, and the value of products increased by $1,001,209, or 7.8 per cent. Although the chemical industry ranked only seven- IVIicrosoft® 672 MANUFACTURES. teenth among the selected industries of the state, Michigan ranked fourth among the states in value of manufactxired chemical products. Carnages and wagons and materials. — ^Due princi- pally to the remarkable development of the auto- mobile industry, the manufacture of carriages and wagons and materials, which ranked fifth among the selected industries of the state hi 1904, dropped to eighteenth in 1909 and to thirty-fifth m 1914. This industry gave emplojrment to an average of 6,400 wage earners in 1904, as compared with 4,034 in 1909 and only. 1,417 in 1914, and reported products valued at $14,889,457 in 1904, as compared with $10,158,883 m 1909 and only $3,774,827 in 1914. Michigan ranked high among the states in the manu- facture of stoves and furnaces, corsets, salt, fm* goods, show cases, wall plaster, essential oil, and in wood distillation, although these industries are not among the most important in the state. The manufacture of steel springs for cars and carriages; window shades and fixtures; wirework, including wire rope and cable; and the turning and carving of wood are not fuUy represented by the statistics presented in the table, because, to a large extent, they are interwoven with one or more other industries. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms i" Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUPACTTO- ING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. ■86.8 85.6 Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 320,611 271,071 278,229 231,915 42,382 39,166 13.2 14.4 Proprietors and officials 17,463 16,996 16,900 16,434 563 662 96.8 96.7 3.2 3.3 Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers. . . . Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 7,725 8,965 3,572 3,089 6,166 4,942 32,058 22,576 271,090 231,499 7,335 8,564 3,471 3,026 6,094 4,844 22,928 16,183 238,401 199,298 390 401 101 63 72 98 9,130 6,393 32", 689 32,201 95.0 95.5 97.2 98.0 98.8 98.0 71.5 71.7 87.9 86.1 5.0 4.5 2.8 2.0 1.2 2.0 28.5 28.3 12.1 13.9 16 years of age and over ... 269,519 228,982 1,571 2,517 237,496 197,777 905 ■1,521 32,023 31,205 666 996 88.1 86.4 S7.6 60.4 11 9 Under 16 years of age 13.6 42 4 39.6 The number of persons engaged in manufactures durmg 1914 was 320,611, of whom 271,090 were wage earners; 17,463, proprietors and officials; and 32,058 were clerks and other subordinate salaried em- ployees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, nearly nine-tenths were males. The largest number (32,689) of females reported was employed as wage earners, but the largest proportion (28.5 per cent) in the classes presented was reported as clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 38. Table 4 gives, for the several dasses of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUEACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,^ 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 19U 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 18.3 20.0 8.2 100.0 100.0 .100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.7 -13.8 15.6 24.8 42.0 17.1 17.7 -37.6 2.8 -14.4 14.7 25.8 41.7 19.6 20.1 -40.5 0.2 -2.7 6.4 2.4 1.1 1.9 10.0 84.6 84.1 0.5 6.3 3.3 1.1 1.8 8.3 85.4 84.5 0.9 6.1 2.6 1.2 2.2 8.2 85.7 85.4 0.3 7.1 3."7 1.3 2.1 7.0 85.9 85.3 0.6 1.3 0.9 0.2 0.2 21.5 77.1 75.5 1.6 1.4 1.0 Salaried officers of corporations . . 0.2 0.3 42.8 1.5 2.6 -33.1 16.3 82.2 16 vears of age and over 79.7 2.5 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Increases are shown for the five-year period in the total number and for the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and firm members and wage earners under 16 years of age. The decrease in proprietors and firm members was referred to in the discussion of Table 1. The decrease of 37.6 per cent in wage earners under 16 years of age does not materially aff^ect the employment of wage earners in the state, as the proportion which this class formed of the total Digitized by Microsoft® for aU classes was only nine-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909 and only one-haE of 1 per cent in 1914. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes, 42 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. The average number of wage earners for both sexes combined shows an increase of 17.1 per cent from 1909 to 1914; in 1909 they formed 85.4 per cent of the total for all classes, and in 1914, 84.6 per cent. MICHIGAN. 673 In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1 914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earlier census. (See "Explanation of terms. ") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 320,611 271,071 200.196 100.0 100.0 100.0 18.3 35.4 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried employees 7,725 41,796 271,090 8,965 30,607 231,499 7,732 17,235 175,229 2.4 13.0 84.6 3.3 11.3 85.4 3.9 8.6 87.5 -13.8 36.6 17.1 15.9 77.6 Wage earners (average) 32.1 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. This table shows an increase during the decade 1904 to 1914 and for both five-year periods for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and firm members, which shows a decrease from 1909 to 1914 and also for the decade. During the decade there were decreases in the proportions that proprietors and firm members and wage earners formed of the total number engaged in the manufactures of the state at each successive census, and a corresponding increase in the proportion of salaried employees. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 All industries. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Bricfc, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving ' Carriages and wagons and materials 82101°— 18 43 Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ■WAGE EAKNEKS. num- ber.! 271,090 231, 499 175, 229 2,143 2,3S9 67,538 25,444 2,035 2,455 1,461 1,326 4,731 4,771 4,014 2,637 2,194 1,771 1,367 1,073 2,507 2,073 1,417 4,034 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 87.6 85.4 84.3 99.6 99.4 97.8 61.6 58.5 66.3 45.4 94.5 93.7 79.6 80.0 95.1 99.6 91.1 90.7 44.3 47.1 97.4 98.2 Fe- male. 11.8 13.5 13.8 0.1 2.1 1.1 36.8 35.1 31.7 49.1 3.6 3.1 19.6 18.2 4.6 0.1 8.6 9.1 54.4 51.1 2.4 1.7 Un- der 16 years of 0.6 1.1 1.9 0.4 0.4 0.1 1.6 6.4 2.0 5.5 1.8 3.2 0.7 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.8 0.2 0.1 Table 6— Continued. Census year. WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.! Percent of total. INDUSTKY. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years of age. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 5,803 6,401 100.0 99.8 0.1 0.2 1914 1909 1,340 1,306 100.0 99.7 0.3 r,>iemi(»^.is , , 1914 1909 4,509 3,174 99.3 99.0 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.3 Clothing, men's, including shirts 1914 1909 2,502 3,580 10.6 12.5 89.4 87.5 1914 1909 1,672 2,194 6.2 7.0 92.4 92.2 1.4 0.8 Confectionery 1914 1909 993 1,052 35.8 39.4 62.2 58.4 2.0 2.2 Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1,967 2,642 71.5 86.8 27.2 12.1 1.3 1.1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 1914 1909 2,397 2,386 84.7 83.2 15.1 10.8 0.2 6.0 Corsets 1914 1909 2,149 2,461 17.9 18.4 81.1 79.7 1.0 2.0 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- pUes. 1914 1909 1,144 1,218 71.2 74.9 28.4 26.1 0.4 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1914 1909 1,370 1,530 97.2 98.8 2.3 0.9 0.5 0.3 Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied. 1914 1909 1,683 1,303 71.2 62.8 28.8 37.2 0.1 Foundry and machine-shop products 1914 1909 26,497 21,649 97.6 98.0 2.2 1.4 0.2 0.6 Furniture and refrigerators . 1914 1909 16,267 16,610 96.0 95.6 3.4 2.7 0.7 1.7 Grs, illUT"i"fit'"£ ^"d hfin.t.iTi£^ 1914 1909 2,349 1,771 99.8 99.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 1914 1909 2,714 2,546 24.4 20.9 74.1 76.4 1.5 2.6 1914 1909 991 1,016 100.0 99.9 0.1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1914 1909 2,773 2,291 99.9 98.8 (') 0.3 ^L 1914 1909 2,097 1,527 98.8 99.1 0.9 0.9 0.4 1914 1909 28,527 35,627 98.6 99.1 0.9 0.5 0.4 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909 1,070 1,779 97.1 96.7 2.9 2.8 "'6."5 1914 1909 6,061 4,327 84.7 82.3 15.3 17.7 (.') Patent medicines and compoimds and druggists' preparations. 1914 1909 3,369 3,249 61.4 50.7 37.5 47.9 1.1 1.4 Printing and publishing. 1914 1909 8,166 7,219 77.1 73.5 21.1 25.1 1 8 1.4 Salt 1914 1909 1,434 1,363 93.2 93.6 6.8 6.5 Shipbuilding, including boat building 1914 1909 1,261 2,344 99.8 99.7 0.2 0.3 0.1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1914 1909 1,181 902 99.4 96.3 0.6 3.0 0.7 Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. 1914 1909 4,074 4,482 99.1 98.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 1.8 Sugar, beet. 1914 1909 1,326 1,460 99.5 99.7 0.5 0.3 1914 1909 9,075 7,876 21.1 28.3 74.5 66.4 4 4 6.3 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1,314 909 92.6 89.3 6.7 9.0 0.7 1.7 All other industries. . . ^ 1914 1909 33,618 36,363 85.9 82.6 13.6 16.4 5 1.0 ' For method ofestimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the averaga number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® K 674 MANUFACTURES. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over has been greater at each successive census, while the proportions of females and of children under 16 have decreased. Of the 41 industries for which separiate figures are given in this table, 23 show an increased proportion of males and 23 an increased proportion of females, while but 13 show an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years of age. Four of the in- dustries which gave employment to children in 1909 reported no children in 1914, while 4 others reported children in 1914 but none in 1909. There were 9 industries which reported no children employed in 1914. The largest proportion of adult female wage earners were. employed in the manufacture of women's cloth- ing, where 92.4 per cent of the wage earners were women over 16 years of age. Other industries show- ing a large proportion of female wage earners were men's clothing, 89.4 per cent; corsets, 81.1 per cent; tobacco, 74.5 per cent; hosiery and knit goods, 74.1 per cent; confectionery, 62.2 per cent; and canning and preserving, 54.4 per cent. In all other industries, over one-half of the wage earners were males 16 years of age and over. The largest proportion of children wage earners, 4.4 per cent, was reported for the tobacco manufactures industry, where the average number of children employed was 402. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 27 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 AVERAGE mjMBEB OF WAGE EABNEKS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITY. Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Und ( Br 16 years Male. Female. )lag6. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Adrian.... 1,256 1,494 842 4,599 3,771 1,286 99,603 777 8,722 17,427 142 2,165 616 79 4,906 6,525 6,231 1,853 689 1,988 4,646 1,231 2,409 1,296 6,342 938 956 1,069 1,432 673 4,175 4,737 "i,'245 649 3,389 2 4,456 1,002 1,460 747 3,999 3,355 1,098 82,012 615 8,349 14,622 129 1,877 511 75 4,019 4,253 5,903 1,471 572 1,725 3,960 1,120 2,336 1,045 5,479 863 712 924 1,403 535 3,415 4,263 "i'265 431 2,862 4,173 249 33 93 599 386 187 16,698 159 366 2,748 11 270 5 3 867 1,233 327 365 14 223 640 110 73 251 847 74 242 118 27 38 752 441 ""29 105 519 234 5 1 2 1 30 17 2 ""s 33 ..... 13 8 49 79.8 97.7 88.7 87.0 89.0 86.4 82.3 79.2 95.7 83.9 90.8 86.7 99.0 94.9 81.9 77.0 94.7 79.4 97.1 86.8 85.2 91.0 97.0 80.6 86.4 92.0 74.6 87.3 98.0 93.4 81.8 90.0 "96.'8 78.5 84.4 93.6 19.8 2.2 11.0 13.0 10.2 14.6 16.7 20.5 4.2 15.8 7.7 12.5 1.0 3.8 17.7 22.3 5.2 19.7 2.4 11.2 13.8 8.9 3.0 19.4 13.4 ' 7.9 25.3 11.1 1.9 6.6 18.0 9.3 ■2.'3 19.1 15.3 6.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 '2s 1.6 0.1 "6.'2 0.7 Alpena 0.9 Ann Arbor 2.4 0.2 Bay City 1.1 81,011 720 7,088 17,590 48,483 "2,'i6i 16,514 64,138 595 6,776 15,157 35,907 "i,"966 13,411 16,061 122 312 2,320 10,810 '"ioi 1,931 993 3 7 57 2 18 1,812 3 1 113 1,766 ■"io 172 79.2 82 6 95.6 86.2 74.1 "ib'.i 86.4 18.6 16.9 4.4 13.2 22.3 "'8.'8 12.4 1.0 0.4 0.1 0.3 1.4 0.8 2.2 0.4 ^^6 3.6 Escanaba Flint. 0.fi Grand Rapids 1.1 Holland «2,162 201 66 «4,788 6,272 6,285 2,125 = 509 1,700 4,522 73 3,967 5,666 2,982 2,084 738 1,489 3,078 1,951 197 59 3,754 4,390 5,043 1,806 600 1,530 3,871 7i 2,772 4,041 2,687 2,009 727 1,387 2,437 186 4 6 1,023 1,844 239 306 9 148 616 25 90.2 98.0 89.4 78.4 70.0 95.4 85.0 98.2 90.0 85.6 ■■97.'3 69.9 71.3 90.1 96.4 98.5 93.1 79.2 8.6 2.0 9.1 21.4 29.4 4.6 14.4 1.8 8.7 13.6 1.2 1 1,170 1,668 263 28 5 76 529 1 20 39 1 17 3 40 46 1 1 11 38 3 13 22 36 1 25 57 32 47 6 26 112 1.4 29.5 27.7 8.8 1.3 0.7 5.1 17.2 1.3 0.4 0.7 ^;>9 0.5 2.0 1.0 0.1 i.5 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.6 1.3 0.8 i.4 0.6 .Kalamazoo ' 1.0 1.1 Manistee 2.3 0.8 1.7 Muskegon... ... . . 3.6 1,739 1,580 3 5,368 3 825 1,220 2,136 4,445 895 1,629 1,435 4,637 775 1,102 1,907 3,897 867 106 142 706 50 117 4 3 25 ..... 2 59 12 93.7 90.8 86.4 93.9 90.3 89.3 87.7 96.9 6.1 9.0 13.2 6.1 9.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 "o.'i Port Huron . 227 489 16 '"i6 1 2 10.6 11.0 1.8 "6.' 3 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.3 Sault Ste. Marie 1.3 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Includes statistics for West Bay City, which was annexed to Bay City in 1905. 3 Figures do not agree witli those published beoauseitwasneeessary to revisethemin order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city, the smallest proportion being in Traverse City, where they -formed 74.5 per cent of the total. In 10 cities, adult males constituted 90 per cent or more of the total, and in 8 cities, from 85 to 90 per cent. Only 3 cities, Traverse City, Kalamazoo, and Escanaba, reported 20 per cent or more female wage earners over 16 years of age in 1914. Eighteen cities reported an increase in the average number of wage earners in 1914 over 1909, while 6 cities — Bay City, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Manistee, Port Huron, and Traverse City — show decreases. For 9 cities no figures are available for 1904. The cities, with the exception of Menominee and Ishpeming, show decreases for the decade in both number and proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. 675 Table 8 Adrian.. Alpena. . Ann Arbor. . . Battle Creek. Bay City. Detroit. . Escanaba. Flint Grand Rapids. Holland. . . Ironwood. Jackson . . . Kalamazoo. Lansing . . Manistee . Marquette... Menominee.. Muskegon... Pontiac Port Huron. SaultSte. Marie. Traverse City. PEK CENT OF INCBEASE IN AVERAGE NTXMBEE OP ■WAGE EABNER3.1 Period. 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904r-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 Total. 18.6 20.0 4.3 15.0 53.4 46.9 4.4 35.7 10.2 23.2 -15.4 -20.4 6.3 105.4 22.9 W.l 7.9 303.6 23.1 228.0 12.3 -0.9 13.4 0.1 156.7 23.7 2.5 20.7 -2.5 -11.9 10.7 109.0 17.9 77.2 -11.1 -12.8 2.0 -20.2 15.7 -31.0 33.5 16.9 14.2 50.9 2.7 38.5 -39.3 -18.0 -26.0 42.7 18.1 20.8 4.8 13.7 -7.8 -21.6 16 years of age and over. Male. 8.4 21.2 4.1 16.4 73.3 39.6 24.1 39.7 17.1 19.3 -19.6 -21.3 2.2 128.4 27.9 78.6 3.4 326.0 23.2 245.7 9.0 -3.5 13.0 45.0 7.1 35.4 5.2 -3.1 8.6 119.7 17.1 87.7 -26.8 -18.5 -10.1 —21.3 14.4 —31.2 24.4 12.7 10.3 62.5 2.3 58.8. 43.4 -45.2 -27.2 -24.8 40.6 18.2 19.0 -0.5 11.4 -10.6 -35.4 Under 16 years of age. Female. 111.0 -11.4 -63.8 15.4 -20.3 44.9 65.0 -12.5 88.5 53.5 10.2 39.3 30.3 91.6 17.3 63.4 42.3 18.4 20.1 -25.9 -15.2 -12.6 -21.4 -33.1 17.6 24.3 36.8 -9.1 19.3 60.7 21.0 4.1 16.3 10.6 76.8 -37.4 73.2 20.0 ■44.4 106. ( ^43.8 -45.2 2.6 -^9.6 •-34.3 -58.9 -67.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted wbere base is less than 100. Detroit, by far the most important city ia the state in respect to number of wage earners employed in 1914, reported an increase of 105.4 per cent in number of wage earners from 1904 to 1914. The number of wage earners under 16 years of age decreased by 43.8 per cent during the decade, while the proportion which this class formed of the total decreased from 3.6 per cent in 1904 to 1 per cent in 1914. Flint, where the principal industry is automobile manufacturing, re- Digitized by ported an increase in total number of wage earners of 303.6 per cent from 1904 to 1914 and 23.1 per cent from 1909 to 1914; Lansing shows an increase of 109 per cent from 1904 to 1914 and of 17.9 percent from 1909 to 1914. Kalamazoo reported a decrease of 11.9 per cent for the period 1909-1914, whUe for the ten years from 1904 to 1914 a decrease of 2.5 per cent is re- ported. The decrease of 20.4 per cent from 1909 to 1914 in Bay City is largely due to the decline in planing-mill products. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. January . . . February.. March April May June , July August . . . September October. . . November December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUEACTUBING rNDCSTRIES. Number.^ 19U 273.067 277, 824 282, 176 281,040 278,103 269, 532 288,399 274, 164 273, 866 270,454 254,678 249, 777 1909 211. 679 218, 230 223, 087 222, 273 226, 811 229,058 232,023 235,804 240, 310 241, 912 246, 729 250,078 1904 165,269 167, 441 169. 583 172,322 180, 731 183, 707 178, 153 176. 583 179. 584 181,868 177, 239 170,268 Per cent of maximum. 1914 98.5 100.0 99.6 98.6 95.5 95.1 97.2 97.1 95.8 90.3 88.5 1909 84.6 87.3 89.2 88.9 90.7 91.6 92.8 94.3 96.1 96.7 98.7 100.0 1904 90.0 91.1 92.3 93.8 98.4 lOO.O 97.0 96.1 97.8 99.0 96.5 92.7 1 The figures tor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th ol each month, or the nearest representauve day; those tor 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 the spring months show the greatest activity of employment of wage earners in the com- bined industries of the state, the maximum number (282,176) of wage earners appearing for March, and the minimum, niunber (249,777) for December. The year 1909 shows a very different condition, the maxi- mmn number being employed in December and the minimum number in January. In 1904 the maximum number was reported for June and the minimum num- ber for January. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months of employment in any one of the three census years was 38,399, or 15.4 per cent of the maximum, in 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a nimiber of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 27 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The total for the combined industries of the state and many of the important industries show great sta- bihty in the employment of wage earners, although in some of the industries there is a marked variation Microsoft® 676 MANUFACTURES. in the number reported for the different months. The manufacture of beet sugar, a seasonal industry ranking eighteenth in value of products, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in March being but 5.4 per cent of the number reported in October. Canning and preserving is also a seasonal industry, the number of wage earners in February being only 18. 1 per cent of the number in September. The fluctuation of emplojonent, however, in these two industries as well as the wide fluctuation in the shipbuilding, women's clothing, agricultural implements, and brick and tile industries are mot great enough to influence the steadiness of the total employment for all industries combined. The great- est stability of employment is shown for printing and pubHshing, coffins, burial cases and undertakers' goods, chemicals, and leather, tanned, curried, and finished, where the percentages which the minimum formed of the maximum were 96.6, 95.5, 95.3, and 95 per cent, respectively. The automobile industry, which reported nearly one-fourth of the total num- ber of wage earners of the state, shows a fair degree of stability of employment, the percentage which the minimum formed of the maximum being 80.6. Table 10 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All Industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes Boxes, lancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products . . . Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk . . . Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials.. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Cement Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Corsets Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel forgings Leather goods Leather, taimed, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Printing and publishing Salt Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and moat packing Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills . Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves WAGte EARNERS: 19U. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 2,143 67, 538 2,035 1,461 4,731 4,014 2,194 1,367 2, 507 1,417 885 5,803 1,340 4,509 2,602 1,672 640 1,967 2,397 2,149 1,144 1,370 1,683 26, 497 16,267 597 2,349 2,714 991 718 562 675 2,773 2,097 28,527 1,070 6,061 760 3,369 8,166 1,434 1,261 1,181 638 4,074 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 273, 067 2,379 70, 793 2,297 1,477 4,485 3,856 i,eso 1,234 1,063 1,493 872 6,911 1,056 4,619 2,765 2,715 630 2,046 2,496 2,607 1,192 1,396 i.sir 25,707 16,884 562 2,275 s.eie 1,175 726 519 710 :,789 ,946 ', 310 ,119 ,910 718 ,424 ,106 ,329 ,025 ,227 Feb- ruary. 277, 824 2,588 72. 626 2,226 1,/lOB 4,531 1,743 S,457 4,563 2,838 2,641 549 918 2,443 2,612 1,149 1,404 1,399 26,730 17,482 570 2,234 2,664 1,193 780 638 684 l,8Si 31, 012 1,102 6,870 826 3,440 8,238 1,SS5 1,301 1,209 March. 2,611 74,423 2,181 1, 503 4,986 3,889 1,941 1,228 992 1,550 5,603 1,089 4,538 2,778 2,144 562 932 1,987 2,547 2,621 1,168 1,392 1,418 28,261 17. 624 629 2,244 2,679 1,081 808 584 708 2,832 1,933 30,293 1,162 6,028 3,504 8,323 1,345 1,662 1,171 639 April. 281,040 2,488 73,785 1,902 1,463 4,939 3,918 2,241 1,349 1,038 1,512 5,894 1,448 4,501 2,666 2; 001 543 944 2,012 2,571 2,390 1,216 1,333 1,693 29,268 16,921 685 2,339 2,688 1,146 876 580 718 ,122 ;,966 877 i,481 ;,263 ,450 ,745 ,0S7 633 3, 963 4, 386 4, 540 Digitized by May. 278, 103 2,383 69,085 1,888 1,448 4,924 4,027 2,746 1,438 1,278 1,439 6,694 1,464 4,530 2,462 1,486 SIS 924 1,771 2,481 2,240 1,262 1,316 1,631 28, 985 16, 426 694 2,584 2,747 1,065 579 715 2,747 2,151 30, 112 1,070 6,074 3,393 8,176 1,426 1,783 1,112 687 June. 269, 532 2,387 60,926 1,932 1,456 4,760 4,123 2,704 1,486 2,338 1,433 939 6,698 1,480 4,492 2,410 1,268 644 939 1,930 2,491 2,106 1,185 i,soe 1,772 28,005 16, 017 663 2,591 2,760 1,063 2,772 2,371 30, 596 1,040 6,083 831 3,252 8,094 1,390 1,660 1,177 612 July. 268, 399 2,473 19, m 2,113 1,428 4,667 4,180 2,699 1,546 4,321 1,440 926 5,719 1,602 i,40S 2,m 1,113 633 926 1,990 2,368 2,006 1,164 1,329 2,028 27, 624 16,014 621 2,529 2,802 730 499 666 2,819 2,340 29, 871 1,039 6,095 719 s,m 8,093 1,428 1,430 1,194 4, 310 4, 246 IVIicrosoft® August. 2.130 67, 164 2,162 1,431 4,675 4,149 2,564 1,432 4,629 1,381 876 5,855 1,496 4,407 2,255 1,176 537 2,010 2,274 2,030 1.108 1,346 1,937 27, 030 15, 991 575 2,469 2,661 921 494 865 2,748 2,291 29,006 1,043 BS9 3,292 8,039 1,364 1,349 1,150 531 Sep- tember. 273,866 1,318 69, 521 2,072 ■1,459 4,959 4,095 2,435 1,428 6,323 1,332 5,846 1,478 4,617 2.316 1,289 640 1,104 2,057 2,379 2.044 i.ose 1,398 1,790 25,498 IB, 376 660 2,350 2,770 697 m 665 2,726 2,185 27, 797 1,092 6,060 695 3,330 8,120 1,546 1,148 1,193 758 4,045 Octo- ber. 270, 454 1,343 69, 020 1,881 1,431 4,776 4,052 2,172 1, 369 4,199 i,ms 861 6,018 1,444 4,570 2,417 1,389 653 1,143 1,983 2,407 1,848 1.046 1.410 1,809 24,634 15, 474 562 2,222 2,828 634 629 863 SJll 2,040 26,642 1,033 6,215 3,371 8,178 1,621 903 1,240 717 3,993 Novem- ber. 254,678 1,704 61,111 1,800 1,470 4,649 *4,020 1,862 1,330 2,496 1,283 865 5,879 1,392 4,517 2,449 1,387 537 1,110 1,868 2,206 1,813 1,105 1,404 1,773 23,122 16, 659 634 2,m 2,706 7tB 667 641 640 2,751 1,993 24,902 1,001 6,111 700 3,373 8,149 1,563 795 1,168 670 3,720 Decem- ber. U9, 777 1,892 62, 020 1,966 1.574 4,m 4,010 1,691 1,343 1,442 1,334 872 1,259 4,451 2,538 1,455 534 1,116 1,838 2,101 1,671 1,127 1,406 1,619 23,100 15,536 e09 2,204 2,667 843 634 591 627 2,758 2,000 24,022 1,017 6,122 711 3,324 8,214 1,421 431 1,244 705 3,119 MICHIGAN. 677 Table lO— Continued. [Month ■WAGE EAENEBS: 1914. of maximum employment for eacli industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] INDUSTRY AND CITY. Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest r epresentative day. Per cent Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. Sugar beet 1,326 9,075 631 702 1,314 646 576 25,709 181,688 785 9,043 660 754 1,373 617 670 24, 550 181,673 269 9,161 593 721 1,405 633 650 24, 824 186,518 H9 9,053 659 706 1,461 618 696 26, 206 188,995 266 8,491 718 691 1,463 627 631 26, 454 189,291 383 8,965 696 684 1,420 630 626 26,991 185,606 423 9.069 686 686 1.252 638 542 27.024 180,852 486 9,047 648 700 1.18S 609 606 27. 073 180,204 601 9,210 644 704 1,197 702 27,623 186,153 874 9,320 642 680 1.272 672 496 27,350 185,781 4.585 9,190 588 704 1,275 667 484 24, 768 180, 701 4,442 9,165 695 705 1,253 647 • 483 23,692 168,498 2,550 9,166 B4I, 689 1,214 650 474 n,964 165, 784 5.4 Toliacco manufactures 91.1 76.8 W^dow shades and fixtures 90.2 Wireworlc, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified 80. P 86.8 Wood turned and carved . 68.1 83.1 Total for cities 87.6 1,256 1,494 842 4,599 3,771 1,285 99,603 777 8,722 17,427 142 2,165 516 79 4,906 6,525 6,231 1,853 589 1,988 4,646 1,231 2,409 1,296 6,342 938 966 1,305 1,449 874 4,303 S,SW 1,076 100,568 794 8,830 17,280 145 2,152 603 86 4,779 5,688 e,70S 2,073 665 2,014 4,651 1,164 2,544 1,202 6,419 1,070 818 1,377 1,592 865 4,580 3,532 1,093 103,200 652 8,744 17,609 141 2,206 624 93 4,792 6,879 6,924 2,066 572 2,144 4,660 1,210 2,700 1,116 6,282 1,020 845 1,415 1,599 871 4,672 3,730 1,231 105,164 665 8,894 17,667 141 2,208 616 77 4,976 5,943 6,236 2,071 683 2,108 4,663 1,206 2,809 1,226 6,633 894 708 1,462 1,519 900 4,883 3,930 1,300 105, 129 849 8,442 17,464 143 1,986 479 82 5,162 5,880 6,436 1,977 603 2,047 4,848 1,151 2,940 1,401 6,646 81,3 -899 1,389 1,593 837 4,806 3,975 1,340 102,649 876 7,095 17,443 142 2,145 489 79 5,479 5,619 6,422 1,995 595 1,950 4,963 1,062 2,936 1,410 6,443 989 886 1,257 1,672 868 5,023 3,941 1,388 98,220 861 7,265 17,621 141 2,177 500 74 5,229 5,548 6,113 1,995 622 1,930 5,188 1,042 2,367 1,542 6,576 982 930 1,090 1,575 805 5,442 3,952 1,398 97, 682 844 8,804 17,264 142 2,189 486 7S 4,712 5,422 6,200 1,842 680 1,864 4,814 1,036 1,870 1,438 . 6,583 997 1,000 1,156 1,542 858 4,972 3,834 1,434 102, 167 830, 10,148 17,743 141 2,296 505 73 4,755 5,442 6,517 1,568 654 2,035 4,461 1,189 2,100 1,383 6,369 969 1,012 1,132 1,439 881 4,178 3,837 1,408 101, 747 811 10,308 17,893 140 2,275 507 84 4,835 6,437 6,572 1,691 609 1,970 4,346 1,386 2,677 1,226 6,395 888 1,210 1, 173 1,345 839 3,9U 3,766 1,373 97,923 773 9,924 17,628 142 2,185 549 79 4,909 5,266 6,374 1,769 567 2,135 4,387 1,613 2,474 1,239 6,256 897 1,212 1,191 1,SS0 770 4,208 3,706 1,243 90,968 694 ■ 7,797 16,911 143 2,072 381 75 4,702 5,086 6,191 1,715 646 1,950 i.SSi 1,533 2,061 1,238 6,906 859 1,005 1,126 1,373 746 4,197 3,531 1,136 89,819 775 8,413 16, 711 143 2,089 449 74 4,542 6,110 6,084 1,484 482 1,709 4,447 1,182 1,641 1,131 5,696 ■•848 947 - 74.6 Alpena.. -v 83.2 82.9 Battle Creek 72.1 88.5 76.0 Detroit . . 85.4 67.8 Flint . .. 68.8 93.4 96.6 Holland ■ . . 86.5 61.7 ISHPEMING. 78.5 82.9 Kalamazoo 85.2 86.8 Manistee 71.6 70.9 79.7 Muskegon - 83.6 64.2 Pontiac . 52.4 Port Huron 72.4 85.9 Sault Ste. Marie 78.8 Traverse City 58.4 Of the 27 cities, Pontiac and Traverse City show much the greatest variation in the number of wage earners employed, the proportion that the minimum number formed of the maximum number for these two cities being 52 .4 per cent and 58.4 per cent, respectively. The greatest stabiHty of employment of wage earners was in Hancock and Grand Eapids, where the pro- portions that the minimum formed of the maximum were 96. 6 per cent and 93.4 per cent, respectively. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, liave been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevaihng in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 1 1 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF TVAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 271,090 231,499 31,326 11, 174 31,363 6,612 57,614 38,449 75, 878 51, 552 64,861 113,762 5,.'i68 2,748 1,677 1,284 2 813 6,918 2,143 2,359 67,538 25,444 2,036 2,455 1,461 1,326 199 411 788 1,119 3,628 4,776 1,402 1,674 213 499 411 787 33,648 7,086 232 572 907 470 334 453 8,539 13,564 266 192 230 345 12,464 2 115 6 36 9,369 17 20 11 75 12 Boots and shoes Boxes, fancy and paper Digitized by Microsoft® 678 MANUFACTURES. Table 1 1— Continued. Census year. AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAK^fEBS IKTDUSTET AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,731 4,771 4,014 2,637 2,194 1,771 1,367 1,073 2,507 2,073 1,417 4,034 885 574 5,803 5,401 1,340 1,306 4,509 3,174 2,502 3,580 1,672 2,194 640 439 993 1,052 1,967 2,642 2,397 2,386 2,149 2,461 1,144 1,218 1,370 1,530 1,683 1,303 26,497 21,649 16,267 16,610 597 395 2,349 1,771 2,714 2,646 991 1,016 718 1,183 652 307 675 834 2,773 2,291 2,097 1,527 28,527 35,627 1,070 1,779 6,051 y/tff 1,181 14 143 35 561 120 46 66 24 13 11 1,360 102 1,394 702 464 130 81 27 607 68 196 53 12 360 3,198 1,460 1,977 2,332 598 195 164 94 43 44 384 373 526 2,105 22 19 67 1,905 100 1,237 2,302 966 1,211 846 1,103 833 750 1,081 1,589 598 1,321 186 190 553 1,276 500 38 1,741 35 425 128 318 378 145 145 395 6 66 65 56 201 22 14 62 28 34 "Rnttftr, nhpwsA, fiTifl pnnrlp.nsflfl ni''Tf 232 68 29 15 8 25 1 1 Canning a.nd pre.«ervine 27 2 5 29 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. 552 110 2 ill 359 294 611 174 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 382 1,589 642 panies. Cement 131 96' 250 974 29 18 20 2 526 809 525 1,161 117 56 649 462 351 27 818 907 900 1,990 471 236 87 11 122 34 6,872 3,936 6,041 1,249 47 28 109 22 2,315 807 2,040 1,426 35 429 50 1,441 Clothing, men's, including shirts 1,590 2,224 77 114 2 2 25 39 72 252 105 81 13 7 73 4 80 115 553 5 832 160 645 53 7 351 79 1,070 823 2 39 Clothing, women's 48 254 151 149 225 717 17 181 620 48 165 230 103 318 628 2,346 346 723 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Confectionery 65 2 199 2 4 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 947 54 1,236 42 118 26 14 33 67 17 2,374 108 2,104 44 1 Corsets ." 299 277 310 19 10 61 127 12,821 9,335 3,044 3,155 542 156 967 49 172 756 123 205 642 903 1,219 797 834 3,596 8,096 4,433 12,109 1 190 270 779 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 124 85 • 23 114 57 ■■■■279' 29 60 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 7 Pnnndry n.Tirl Tnfl.chTTiA.Rhnp prfidncts 2 14 rumiture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps 21 QoRj illnTTiinntiTig fl.nd hAF(.tiTifr 783 353 S7 46 133 1 26 8 521 Hnsiftry n.nf| Vnit gnnds .201 308 666 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 433 65 961 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 121 79 457 317 134 61 866 34 65 111 515 1,227 1,772 269 423 22,719 32,413 366 621 1,482 2,634 286 161 Iron and steel forgings 9 375 242 127 43 972 Leather goods 5 181 251 • 276 563 519 2 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished , , 11 Liquors, malt 1,567 605 268 341 43 8 922 263 2 1 278 216 378 2,181 721 98 61 1,016 113 3' Lumber and timber products 2,408 1,762 335 1,106 623 225 10 592 2 124 270 27 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp 1,514 1,084 66 1,104 484 34 . . J . rosq] 3 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified r~..S...!~: ^^23 15 357 410 MICHIGAN. 679 Table 1 1— Continued. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDXJSTBY AND CITY. . Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 3,369 3,249 8,166 7,219 1,434 1,363 1,261 2,344 1,181 902 638 588 4,074 4,482 1,326 1,460 9,075 7,876 631 746 702 636 1,314 909 645 806 576 1,137 25,709 27,537 181,688 77 71 5,001 2,718 12 16 98 2 14 14 2,761 580 1,394 833 380 2,161 1,318 2,334 40 99 730 85 33 35 110 132 357 297 833 566 9 14 1,093 3 3 269 200 290 1,180 19 79 132 600 536 1,173 389 1,161 1,126 849 178 388 623 2,316 1 5 1 46 9 Printinfi' and piiTiHsMtift 19 Salt 114 4 121 54 R'hm'hiiTMinp inftlnrtiTiP' hnat hTiilf^inf^ 1 5 1 81 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills . Stoves and furnaces, including eas and oil stoves * 5 255 724 671 2,432 60 Sugar, beet 113 80 1,133 1,460 3,468 2,509 3 1,751 1,173 25 2,429 1,854 123 38 297 68 129 232 1,392 1,981 23 356 480 648 1 263 469 397 167 345 365 1,063 4,442 11,633 29,026 12 3 Wall plaster 1 133 281 701 269 59 WinHnw shmlAa and fiTrtiirAS 263 24 3 18 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified 12 21 Wood distillation 245 88 233 6 127 36 6,814 7,421 58,219 367 12 10 1,549 822 16,5QS 72 20 10,887 6,922 45,669 18 1,462 653 28,869 414 53 1,823 23 37 966 128 Total for cities 96 518 Adeian 1,256 1,494 842 4,699 3,771 1,285 99,603 777 8,722 17,427 142 2,165 516 79 4,906 5,525 6,231 1,853 589 1,988 4,646 1,231 2,409 1,296 6,342 938 956 28 33 189 870 237 11 9,702 67 157 1,721 53 232 7 14 413 251 484 39 291 27 581 70 58 279 607 33 54 31 179 42 237 1,478 1,249 133 20,248 224 406 9,048 28 939 10 10 1,568 2,392 634 367 92 128 2,587 71 257 185 2,982 124 41 279 310 316 709 497 564 35,419 343 7,568 1,997 695 848 80 1,042 1,462 558 12,804 127 146 1,911 47 490 480 62 403 1,102 389 1,161 185 1,199 444 625 214 327 1,767 178 290 11 3 261 14 30 Alpena. 6 492 184 19 20,736 12 341 2,484 Battle Creek 8 100 Bat City .... 42 "Bttttton H'VHPOT? Detroit . v 398 4 102 266 14 119 178 ^^^snAWAnA . . Elint 2 {iRAwn R.Apm.'? Hancock.. 27 9 3 900 682 2,175 18 7 409 68 Ironwood. . . 10 ISHPEMING 1,411 861 2,474 268 14 442 378 345 1,785 91 586 692 661 211 237 8 TrAT.AMA7nn 67 Marquette 'MlJlWnMTWTP.T!'. 120 72 25 67 2 164 4 '"'283' 15 222 72 MnsiTF.RnN 301 80 PONTIAC... 14 185 236 2 6 14 5 Sault Ste. Marie.. 1 4 4 Fnom this table it appears that there has been a general tendency to shorten the number of hours of labor for wage earners. The percentage distribution of wage earners, by the hours-per-week groups as given in the following tabular statement for 1914 and 1909, illustrates the change to shorter hours. In 1914, 74,919, or 27.6 per cent, of the total wage earners worked in establishments operating 60 or more hours per week, as compared with 123,712, or 53.5 per cent, in this class of establishments. in ia09. uigitizea by PREVAILING HOURS OF LABOR PER WEEK. PER CENT OF TOTAL NCfMEER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 11.6 11.6 21.3 28.0 23.9 2.1 0.6 1.0 4.8 2.9 16.6 22.3 49.1 1.2 0.6 2.6 54 60 Between 60 and 72 72 Over 72 r. Microsott® 680 MANUFACTURES. In 1909, for all industries combined and for many of them separately, the greatest number of wage earners in any one class was employed in estab- lishments where the prevaihng hours of labor were 60 per week, but in 1914 this condition appeared in establishments where the working hours were between 54 and 60. The number of wage earners whose work- ing hottrs were under 54 per week increased from 17,786, of 7.7 per cent, in 1909 to 62,679, or 23.2 per cent, in 1914. Of the wage earners employed in the lumber in- dustry, 22,719, or 79.6 per cent, were in the establish- ments where the prevaihng hours were 60 per week; in canning and preserving, 1,081, or 43.1 per cent, were in such establishments; in flour mills and grist- mills, 903, or 65.9 per cent; in slaughtering and meat packiug, 1,126, or W.S per cent. The greatest reduc- tion in the number of hours per week during the census period 1909-1914 was in the automobile industry. In this industry no wage earners were reported work- ing more than 60 hours per week at either census. In 1909, 13,564 wage earners, or 53.3 per cent, were in establishments where the prevaihng hours were 60 per week; 7,086, or 27.8 per cent, in establishments working between 54 and 60 hours; 4,775, or 18.8 per cent, 54 hours; 17, between 48 and 54 hours; and only 2, or less than one-tenth of 1 per cent, imder 48 hoiu^. In 1914 the nmnbers are nearly reversed — 8,539, or 12.6 per cent, being in establishments working 60 hours; 33,648, or 49.8 per cent, between 54 and 60 hours; 3,528, or 5.2 per cent, 54 hours; 9,359, or 13.9 per cent, between 48 and 54 hours; and 12,464, or 18.5 per cent, under 48 hours. Of the total number of wage earners in the 27 cities, the greatest number in any one class was employed in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours were be- tween 54 and 60 per week. In Battle Creek, Grand Rapids, Holland, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Muskegon, and Saginaw, a greater number of the wage earners was employed in establishments where the prevailing hours were 54 per week than in any other class. Location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Michigan were centrahzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OVER. DISTRICTS OF CITIES OUTSIDE HAVINO Total. 10,000 to 25,000, 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OP 10,000 OB OVEH, Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Nrmiber or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 27 24 18 1,203,341 1,043,746 681,312 4,731 4,500 2,892 181,588 166,747 84,806 $698,097,162 465,201,235 178,124,393 313,407,742 225,647,484 86,008,397 40.4 37.1 28.1 64.2 49.1 39.6 67.0 67.7 54.4 64.3 67.9 66.7 6.3.6 71.3 59.1 17 15 13 220,868 203,817 199,771 846 817 773 19,816 20,433 21,274 $66,049,374 52,798,619 43,156,684 26,834,982 23,980,460 22,296,278 7.4 7.3 8.3 9.7 8.9 10.6 7.3 8.8 13.7 6.1 7.7 13.5 5.4 7.6 15.5 8 7 4 321, 596 261,592 195,837 1,255 1,123 860 44,742 37,713 26,158 $181,907,676 117,232,598 46,601,785 82,676,454 66,450,263 21,353,692 10.8 9.3 8.1 14.4 12.3 11.8 16.5 16.3 16.1 16.7 17.1 14.6 16.8 17.8 14.9 2 2 1 660,877 578,337 286,704 2,630 2,560 1,269 117,030 98, 601 38,373 $450,140,112 296,170,018 88,365,924 203,896,306 145,216,761 41,358,427 2,976,030 2,810,173 2,420,982 8,724 9,159 7,310 271,090 231,499 155,800 $1,086,162,432 685, 109, 169 319,691,866 493,361,368 316,497,147 143,725,728 22.2 20.6 11.8 30.1 27.9 17.2 43.2 42.6 24.6 41.4 43.1 27.6 41.3 45.9 28.8 1,772,689 1,766,427 1,739,670 3,993 4,659 4,418 89,502 74,752 70,995 $388,065,270 219,907,934 141,667,463 179,953,626 90,849,683 58,717,331 62.9 71.9 Average number of wage earners.. . 50.9 60.4 33.0 32.3 45.6 35 7 Value added by manufacture 32.1 ■44.3 36.5 28.7 40.9 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that three of the cities — Benton Harbor, Hancock, and Owosso — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914 were included in the districts outside of the cities at prior censuses. A comparison of the combined totals for the cities for 1914 with those for 1909 shows an increase in pop- ulation, number of establishments, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, a condition which also prevailed in the districts outside of the cities, with the exception of a decrease of 14.3 per cent in number of estabhshments. In 1914 the cities having over ^fy/^iff^fiisHU represented only 40.4 per cent of the eStimatedpopu- lation of the state, reported 54.2 per cent of the num- ber of establishments, 67 per cent of the total average nmnber of wage earners, 64.3 per cent of the total value of products, and 63.5 per cent of the value added by manufacture. In 1900 Detroit was the only city in the state having over 100,000 inhabitants, but during the succeeding decade the population of Grand Eapids passed this figure, so that for 1909 and 1914 its statistics are in- cluded with those of Detroit in Table 12. In 1914 the group comprising the cities having between 25,000 and 100,000 inhabitants, which reported 16.7 per cent lue of the manufactured products of the state in tKat year, included Saginaw, FUnt, Bay MICHIGAN. 681 City,' Kalamazoo, Lansing, Jackson, Battle Creek, and Muskegon. In 1910 the population of Muskegon was less than 25,000, so that for 1909 the statistics for that city were included with those for the cities having between 10,000 and 25,000 inhabitants. The group of cities having a population of between 10,000 and 25,000 was augmented in 1914 by the addi- tion of Hancock, Benton Harbor, and Owosso, each of which had less than 10,000 inhabitants in 1909. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the 27 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 CITY. Detroit Flint Grand Rapids... Lansing. Battle Creek Kalamazoo Saginaw Jackson Fontiac Muskegon Bay City Holland Adrian Menominee Manistee Alpena Port Huron Sault Ste. Marie.. Owosso Benton Harbor.. AnnArbor Traverse City Fscanaba Marquette Ironwood Hancock Ishpeming AVERAGE NUMBEK OF WAGE EAENESS. 1914 1909 1904 99,603 8,722 17,427 6,231 4,699 5,525 6,342 4,906 2,409 4,646 3,771 2,165 1,256 1,988 1,853 1,494 1,296 938 1,231 1,285 842 956 777 589 516 142 79 81,011 7,088 17, 590 5,285 4,175 6,272 > 5,368 14,788 1,739 4,522 4,737 1 2, 162 1,059 1,700 2,125 1,432 1,580 1825 573 1,220 720 1509 201 48,483 2,161 15,514 2,982 3,389 5,666 4,445 3,967 3,078 2 4,456 1,489 2,084 1,245 2,136 895 549 738 "73 VALUE OF PEODUCTS. 1914 $400,347,912 53,375,039 49,792,200 26,984,496 23,248,420 20,214,314 19,008,670 16,809,846 15,102,453 11,147,605 11,119,286 8,683,835 5,442,338 4,999,884 4,136,210 4,101,935 4,090,323 3,821,464 3,468,534 3,021,552 2,603,379 2,251,484 1,506,526 1,394,587 793,247 .402,980 228,643 1909 i$252,939,343 24,118,007 42,230,675 16,567,093 20,174,016 17,903,560 114,192,054 113,984,121 5,893,961 9,647,823 10,293,747 15,802,043 6,085,126 3,727,596 3,344,087 3,963,823 3,588,272 13,729,117 $128,246,680 6,177,170 30,689,987 6,887,415 12,298,244 13, 141, 767 10,078,608 8,348,125 1,865,894 2,289,160 1,074,109 11,277,828 377,416 132,374 1904 6,319,441 2 8,808,569 2,973,936 3,256,601 2,905,363 3,714,869 2,412,481 1,385,731 2,364,081 "'246,' 862 1 Fieures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them "in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. * Includes statistics for West Bay City, which was annexed to Bay City in 1905. Sach city for which comparative figures are given, except Adrian and Traverse City,' shows an increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914, and all, except Port Huron, Marquette, and Ishpeming, show in- creases from 1904 to 1909. There were decreases in the number of wage earners during the period 1909- 1914 in Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Bay City, Manistee, Port Huron, and Traverse City. Detroit is the leading manufacturing city of the state. The value of its manufactured products increased from $252,939,343 in 1909 to $400,347,912 in 1914, or 58.3 per cent, and the average number of wage earners, from 81,011 to 99,603, or 22.9 per cent. Notwithstanding the fact that the value of products increased 58.3 per cent, the proportion which Detroit contributed of the total value of the manufactured products of the state was the same in 1914 and 1909, 36.9 per cent, whereas in 1904 it was 29.9 per cent. The industries of the city gave employment to 36.7 per cent of the total number of wage earners in the manufacturing industries of the state in 1914, as compared with 35 per cent in 1909 and 27.7 per cent in 1904. Ranked by value of manufactured products, the city held fourth place in 1914 among the cities of the United States, as compared with sixth in 1909 and fourteenth in 1904. The leading industries of Detroit, arranged in the order of value of products, are- indicated in the following tabular statement, which shows the absolute increase as well as per cent of increase between 1909 and 1914, and also the pro- portion which the value of products for each industry represents of the corresponding total for the state: Automobiles, including bodies and parts Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Slaughtering and meat packing. . Tobacco manufactures Brass, bronze, and copper prod- ucts Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Printing and publishing Liquors, malt VALUE OF PEODUCTS: 1914. Percent of total lor the industry mthe state. Amount. $164,075,944 41.2 29, 465, 241 20,321,148 17,044,106 46.6 96.6 82.5 14,629,751 86.7 13,691,495 13,168,302 9,409,722 83.3 52.8 62.6 Increase over 1909. Amount. $104,539,790 11,221,988 7, 471, .'574 4,270,979 2,332,420 2,133,076 5, 877, 212 4,467,509 Per cent. 175.6 6L6 58.1 33.4 19.0 18.5 80.6 90.4 These eight industries in the aggregate represented 70.4 per cent of the total value of the manufactured products of the city and 25.9 per cent of the entire output of the state for all industries combined. The manufacture of automobiles, bodies, and parts was by far the most important industry in , Detroit. The value of the output of the city in 1914 was 41.2 per cent of the state total for this industry. In addition to the 74 industries presented separately for Detroit in Table 38, there were 108 others, which for various reasons were included in the group of "all other industries." Some of these industries were among the most important in the city, 9 of them having products in 1914 valued at more than $1,000,000.^ Mint, which ranked third in value of products in 1909, was second in 1914. The city. owes its rapid advance from tenth place in 1904 to the development of the automobile industry, which, taken in connec- tion with the foundry and machine shops, accounts for over nine-tenths of the total value of products of the city. The value of the city's manufactured'prod- 1 These industries were as follows: Cars, steam-raUroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Cash registers and calculating machines. Corsets. Fertilizers. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Gas, illuminating and heating. Lamps. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 682 MANUFACTURES. ucts was nearly nine times as great in 1914 as in 1904, and the average number of wage earners was more than four times as great. These increased ratios were greater than those for any other city of 10,000 popu- lation or over in the state. Grand Rapids, the second manufacturing city in the state in 1909, ranked third ia 1914. The value of its manufactured products increased from $42,230,675 in 1909 to $49,792,200 in 1914, or 17.9 per cent. The most important industry was the manufacture of furniture and refrigerators. Grand Rapids being the recognized center of the furniture and refrigerator industry in the United States. This industry, with products valued at $14,940,141, contributed 30 per cent of the total value of the manufactured products of the city in 1914, and gave employment to 6,991, or 40.1 per cent, of the total number of wage earners reported for all manufacturing industries of the city. The value of products of the industry in the city represented 44.1 per cent, and the number of wage earners employed, 43 per cent of the corresponding totals for the industry in the state. There were 13 other important industries whose value of products exceeded $1,000,000 each, among which may be men- tioned the manufacture of bread and other bakery products; flour-mill and gristmill products; foundry and machine-shop products ; malthquors; leather, tanned, curried, and finished; printing and pubhshing; and lumber and timber products. Lansing, which ranked sixth in value of products in 1909, was fourth in 1914. During this five-year period the value of the city's manufactured products increased from $16,567,093 to $26,984,496, or 62.9 per cent. The automobile industry, which was the important factor in the city's industrial advancement, contributed nearly two-thirds of the total manu- factured products of the city. The manufacture of- engines and foundry and machine-shop products were also important industries. Battle Creek, although reporting an increase in value of manufactured products from $20,174,016 in 1909 to $23,248,420 in 1914, dropped from fourth place in importance in this respect in 1909 to fifth place in 1914. This city was one of the centers for the manufacture of food preparations, and was outranked only by New York City in this branch of manufacture. Other industries of importance in 1914 were the manufacture of agricultural implements, paper boxes, and foundry and machine-shop products. Kalamazoo ranked fifth among the cities of the state in value of manufactured products in 1909 and sixth in 1914. The leading industries of the city were the manufacture of paper, foundry and machinei-shop products, druggists' preparations, and printing and pubhshing. In value of manufactured products, Saginaw ranked seventh both in 1909 and 1914. Tie .leading indus- tries of the city were the manufacture of automobiles, including bodies and parts; cooperage and wooden goods; fotmdry and machine-shop products; leather, tanned, curried, and finished; and lumber and timber products. The following tabular statement shows the principal industries, as measured by value of products, in the remaining cities in the state having 10,000 inhabitants or over, the cities being arranged according to value of products in 1914: Jackson Pontiac Muskegon Bay City Holland Adrian Menominee . . Manistee Alpena Port Huron Sault Ste. Marie Owosso Benton Harbor. Ann Arbor Traverse City... Escanaba Marquette Ironwood Hancock Isbpeming Principal industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Automobiles, including bodies and parts, and steel sprmgs. Bmia " Billiard tables and materials, engines, steam and gas, and furmture. Lumber and timber, and foundry and macbine-shop products. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished, and furniture. Wirework (woven-wire fencing). Lumber and timber products. Lumber and timber products. Cement, and leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt. Leaiher, tanned, curried, and finished, and chemicals. Beet sugar. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Wooden goods. Wooden goods. Cars and generalshop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Lumber and timber products. Bread and other bakery products. Lumber, planing-mill products. Detroit metropolitan district. — The metropolitan district of Detroit embraces 109,245 acres, of which 26,726 acres comprise the area of the city of Detroit. The estimated population of the city of Detroit on July 1, 1914, was 537,650 and that of the outlyii^ ter- ritory, 61,529, the total for the district being 599,179. The accompanying outHne map of the district shows for 1914 the cities and townships that are included in the metropohtan district of Detroit: Summary for the district. — Table 14 is a summary. L4j.2f/;ihe statistics of manufacturing industries, MICHIGAN. 683 with a statement of the estimated population in 1914 of the district, of the city of Detroit, and of the re- mainder of the district. The percentages which the figures for Detroit represent of the total for the dis- trict are shown for each item. Table 14 Population i Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees Wage earners (averagenumber) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including in- ternal revenue '. Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) DETEOIT METBOPOUTAN DPSTKICT: 1914. The district. Detroit. District exclusive of Detroit. 599,179 2,150 147,714 1,605 21,471 124,638 240,086 »405,376,813 123,044,832 30,469,449 92,575,383 5,193,942 9,690,126 296,852.528 569,519,227 272,666,699 537,650 2,036 120,075 1,540 18,932 99,603 180,608 J;M3,493,334 95,728 459 26,281,700 69,446,759 1,580,608 8,748,403 222.248,872 400,347,912 178,099,040 61,529 114 27,639 65 2,539 25,035 59,478 $111,883,479 27,316,373 4,187,749 23,128,624 3,613,334 941,723 74,603,666 169,171,315 94,567,659 Per cent Detroit Is of total for dis- trict. 89.7 94.7 81.3 96.0 88.2 79.9 75.2 72.4 77.8 86.3 75.0 30.4 90.3 74.9 70.3 65.3 1 Onsus estimate of population for 1914. In 1914 there were 2,150 manufacturing establish- ments in the Detroit metropohtan district, which gave employment to 147,714 persons and paid out $123,044,832 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 124,638 were wage earners. Products val- ued at $569,519,227 were reported, to produce which materials costing $296,852,528 were used. The value added by manufacture was thus $272,666,699. The great bulk of the value of products was reported by the factories within the central city. Detroit contained 89.7 per cent of the population of the district and con- tributed 70.3 per cent of the value of products. • The manufacturing estabhshments constituted 94.7 per cent of the total nvimber in the district and gave em- ployment to 79.9 per cent of the wage earners. A summary for the district, by industries, can not be shown for 1914, because so few industries reported for this district were located outside of the corporate limits of tTie city of Detroit. Of the industries in- cluded in the metropolitan district outside the city of Detroit, there were 10, each of which had a value of products of $1,000,000 and over, as follows: Automo- biles, including bodies and parts; chemicals; paints; foundry and machine-shop products; iron and steel, blast furnaces; brick and tUe, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products; smelting and refining, not from the ore; shipbuilding, including boat building; cleansing and poUshing preparations; and lumber and timber products. Comparison with 1909 census. — Table 15 is a com- parative summary of the statistics of the Detroit metropolitan district as a whole, for 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five- year period. This table shows an increase in each item, with the exception of proprietors and firm members, during the five-year period 1909-1914. The population of the district increased 19.6 per cent, while the value of products increased 111.8 per cent. Although the num- ber of estabhshments increased but 2.2 per cent, the number of wage earners employed increased 44.9 per cent. Table 15 Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Priinary horsepower Capital Samries and wages Salaries Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) DETROIT METROPOLITAJT DISTEICT. 1914 2599,179 2,160 147,714 1,605 21,471 124,638 240,086 $405,376,813 123,044,832 30,469,449 92,575,383 296,852,528 569,519,227 272,666,699 1909 "500,982 2,104 101,482 1,865 13,596 86,021 136,460 $210,401,992 62,037,838 16,028,377 46,009,461 137,848,079 268,899,761 131,051,682 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 19.6 2.2 45.6 -13.9 57.9 44.9 75.9 92.7 98.3 90.1 101.2 115.3 111.8 106.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Census estimate of population for 1914. « Apr. 15, 1910. Character of ownership. — Table 16 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of in(hvidual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from the table. For all industries combined, there was a consid- erable increase during the decade in the number of establishments \mder corporate ownership. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments — ^nearly one-half of the total in 1914 — is shown for those under individual ownership, but in value of products and average number of wage earners, those owned by corporations greatly predominated. In 1 9 1 4, although only 33.2 per cent of the total number of establish- ments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 90.8 per cent of the total value of products and 89.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions were shghtly less. The proportions of average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. For both 1914 and 1909, with a few exceptions, the largest proportion of the total value of products and average number of wageeamersforeachof the 16 industries, for which separate statistics are given, is shown for estabhshments imder corporate ovsmership. This condition prevailed also in 1914 as regards all Digitized by Microsoft® 684 MANUFACTURES. industries combined in each of the 27 cities, except Hancock, which shows but 42.3 per cent of value of products under corporate ownership. In Fhnt the proportion reported for this class was 98.2 per cent, the largest reported for any of the cities shown. In the cities a greater proportion of the establishments are under corporate ownership than in the state as a whole. Table 16 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. value of products. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by— Percent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corporar tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cpr- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 4,282 4,567 3,602 2,900 2,638 2,044 1,542 1,954 1,800 271,090 231,499 175, 229 16,674 20,564 20,527 241,829 193,139 131,894 12,587 17,796 22,808 6.2 8.9 11.7 89.2 83.4 75.3 4.6 7.7 13.0 $1,088,162,432 685,109,169 429,120,060 $50,886,390 67,652,930 47,121,641 S986,656,727 671,102,107 328,185,766 $48,620,316 68,354,132 53,812,6631 4.7 8.4 11.0 90.8 83.4 76.5 4.5 8.2 12.5 Agricultural implements. 8 8 18 18 4 6 2,143 2,359 96 45 2,027 2,293 20 21 4.5 1.9 94.6 97.2 0.9 0.9 7,731,217 9,272,787 273,131 172,670 7,390,617 9,047,413 67,469 62,704 3.5 1.9 95.6 87.6 0.9 0.6 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 32 10 166 7 9 67,538 25,444 151 71 67,252 24,858 135 515 0.2 0.3 99.6 97.7 0.2' 2.0 398,289,022 98,651,451, 520,618 172,570 397,394,128 94,777,846 374,276 1,701,035 0.1 0.2 99.8 98.1 (■) 1.8 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 755 686 29 24 138 106 4,014 2,637 2,041 1,398 1,492 896 481 343 50.8 53.0 37.2 34.0 12.0 13.0 16,000,068 11,082,213 8,017,664 5,800,674 5,936,037 3,684,676 2,046,367 1,596,963 50.1 52.4 37.1 33.2 12.8 14.4 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 115 131 135 118 114 186 1,367 1,073 187 189 939 518 241 366 13.7 17.6 68.7 -48.3 17.6 34.1 21,649,597 14,287,499 3,193,218 2,986,902 14,348,845 5,531,196 4,007,534 5,769,402 14.8 20.9 66.6 38.7 18.6 40.4 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 111 124 24 36 42 52 1,417 4,034 329 348 853 3,172 235 514 23.2 8.6 60.2 78.6 16.6 12.7 3,774,827 10,158^883 742,985 714,140 2,543,444 8,509,476 488,418 935,267 19.7 7.0 67.4 83.8 12.9 9.2 1914 1909 11 19 21 14 4 3 4,509 3,174 12 20 4,493 3,149 4 6 0.3 0.6 99.6 99.2 0.2 13,891,415 12,890,206 26,300 46,873 13,858,241 12,836,877 6,874 6,466 0.2 0.4 99.8 99.6 8 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. , 1914 1909 12 11 20 15 7 14 2,502 3,580 242 290 2,136 , 2,831 124 469 9.7 8.1 85.4 79.1 5.0 12.8 5,306,230 6,532,331 469,938 381,319 4,324,947 5,037,376 511,345 1,113,636 8.9 5.8 81.5 77.1 96 17 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 203 250 83 91 141 179 1,370 1,530 332 454 731 722 307 354 24.2 29.7 53.4 47.2 22.4 23.1 27,381,474 34,860,803 6,609,028 10,277,037 16,384,336 16,720,675 5,388,110 7,863,091 20.6 29.6 59.8 47.8 19.7 22.7 Foundry ajid machine- shop products. 1914 1909 221 200 373 326 111 128 26,497 21,649 1,319 1,501 24,267 18,878 911 1,270 5.0 6.9 91.6 87.2 3.4 5.9 64,576,497 45,399,023 3,089,084 3,000,602 59,503,773 39,567,319 1,983,640 2,831,102 4.8 6.6 92.1 87.2 3.1 6.2 Furniture and refrigerar tors. 1914 1909 35 38 145 137 22 27 16,267 16,610 500 637 15,441 15,480 326 593 3.1 3.2 94.9 93.2 2.0 3.6 33,857,041 28,641,684 978,206 928,794 32,309,066 26,714,986 569,769 997,904 2.9 3.2 95.4 93.3 1.7 3.5 Liquors, malt. . . . 1914 1909 9 ■12 54 54 7 13 2,097 1,527 68 63 1,839 1,321 190 151 3.2 3.6 87.7 86.5 9.1 9.9 15,041,247 9,840,108 341,182 317,671 13,200,121 8,309,820 1,499,944 1,212,617 2.3 3.2 87.8 84.4 10.0 12. a Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 317 580 286 289 165 311 28,527 35,627 3,221 5,570 21,867 24,375 3,439 5,682 11.3 15.6 76.6 68.4 12.1 16.9 58,523,217 61,513,560 6,318,672 9,868,776 46,236,061 41,947,997 6,968,484 9,696,787 10.8 16.0 77.3 68.2 11.9 16.8 Printing and publishing. 1914 1909 635 598 295 233 183 214 8,166 7,219 1,615 1,805 5,863 4,608 688 803 19.8 25.0 71.8 63.8 8.4 11.2 24,953,324 17,348,341 3,567,182 3,198,694 19,620,496 12,469,990 1,765,646 1,879,857 14.3 18.4 78.6 71.9 7.1 9.7 Shipbmlding, including boat building. 1914 1909 42 59 11 13 9 19 1,261 2,344 175 422 940 1,756 146 168 13.9 18.0 74.5 74.9 11.6 7.1 2,822,557 6,033,836 336,488 446,136 2,134,864 4,227,161 351,205 360,639 11.9 8.9 75.6 84.0 12.4 7.2 Slaughtering and meat 1914 1909 1914 1909 20 26 527 605 8 7 31 33 8 12 68 91 1,181 902 9,075 7,876 43 103 1,506 1,925 1,092 727 6,333 5,157 46 72 1,236 794 3.6 11.4 16.6 24.4 92.5 80.8 69.8 65.5 3.9 8.0 13.6 10.1 21,266,916 13,435,114 20,667,016 16,178,533 650,577 1,199,986 3,179,142 3,338,052 20,116,733 11,063,531 15,274,344 11,337,784 499,605 1,171,597 2,213,530 1,502,697 3.1 8.9 15.4 20.6 94.6 82.3 73.9 70.1 2.3 8.7 Tobacco manufactures. . . 10.7 9.3 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2,126 1,859 746 181,588 10,030 163,902 7,656 5.5 90.3 4.2 698,097,182 29,190,996 637,519,398 31,386,768 4.2 91.3 4.5 Adrian 34 28 38 64 76 25 882 23 40 267 10 16 13 13 66 96 79 23 21 24 47 24 14 21 17 19 52 46 22 860 13 34 231 4 2 67 84 75 17 10 23 44 16 20 13 9 18 19 20 15 294 9 20 96 7 11 5 4 24 33 26 7 3 6 12 5 12 1,256 1,494 842 4,599 3,771 1,28.') 99,603 777 8,722 17,427 142 2,165 516 79 4,906 5,525 6,231 1,853 589 1,988 4,646 1,231 2 409 102 73 134 180 462 132 4,397 53 160 1,431 40 65 39 31 257 420 254 91 77 136 328 113 49 1,001 1,390 593 3,523 3,036 1,029 91,767 680 8,416 15,207 52 2,057 443 2 48 4,498 4,948 5,837 1,684 487 1,802 4,281 1,094 2,286 1,094 5,097 818 744 153 31 115 896 273 124 3,449 44 146 789 50 63 34 "'i5i 157 140 78 25 60 37 24 74 8.1 4.9 15.9 3.9 12.3 10.3 4.4 6.8 1.8 8.2 28.2 2.6 7.6 39.2 6.2 7.6 4.1 4.9 13.1 6.8 7.1 9.2 2 79.7 93.0 70.4 76.6 80.5 80.1 92.1 87.5 96.5 87.3 36.6 95.0 85.9 60.8 91.7 89.6 93.7 90.9 82.7 90.6 92.1 88.9 94.9 12.2 2.1 13.7 19. S 7.2 9.6 3.5 5i7 1.7 4.6 35.2 2.4 6.6 '"i'.i 2.8 2.2 4.2 4.2 2.5 0.8 1.9 3 1 5.442,338 4,101,935 2,603,379 23,248,420 11,119,286 3,021,562 400,347^912 1,506,526 53,375,039 49,792,200 402,980 8,683,835 793,247 228, 643 16,809,.S46 20,214,314 28,934,496 4,136,210 1,394,587 4,999,884 11,147,605 3,468,534 15,102,453 4,090,323 19,008,670 3,821,464 2,251,484 349,498 126,258 352,640 630,058 1,270,219 515,896 13,557,847 111, 140 373,390 3,871,624 116, 191 130,243 153,662 67,757 770,961 1,048,046 1,072,797 201, 789 146,318 308, 750 1,007,376 298,615 324 293 4,734,595 3,867,843 1,761,742 13,734,003 8,919,281 2,317,335 376, 187, 763 1,303,913 62,389,060 43,765,942 170.511 8,281,748 545,046 2 160,886 15,629,622 IS, 785, 086 2.5,111,441 3,776,401 1,176,671 4,468,901 10,050,450 3,078,016 14 471 015 358, 245 107,834 489,097 8,884,359 929,786 188,322 10,602,302 91,473 612,689 2,164,634 117,278 271,844 94,640 6.4 3.1 13.6 2.7 11.4 17.1 3.4 7.4 0.7 7.8 28.6 1.5 19.4 29.6 4.6 5.2 4.0 4.9 10.5 6.2 9.0 8.6 2.1 87.0 94.3 67.7 59.1 80.2 76.7 94.0 86.5 98.2 87.9 42.3 96.4 68.7 70.4 93.0 92.9 93.1 91.3 84.4 89.2 90.2 88.7 95.8 6.B Alpena ... 2.6 18.8 Battle Creek 38.2 Bay City 8.4 Benton Harbor 6.2 2.6 ESCANABA 6.1 1.1 Grand Rapids 4.3 Hancock 29.1 3.1 Ironwood 11.9 409,263 381,182 800,268 158,020 71,698 232,233 89,780 91,903 307 145 2.4 Kalamazoo 1.9 Lansing 3.0 3.8 5.1 4.6 Muskegon 0.8 Owosso 2.6 PONTIAC 2.0 Port Huron 1914 1914 1914 1914 43 112 27 31 31 82 12 17 15 47 5 12 1,296 6,342 938 956 1— > 148 721 53 94 64 624 67 118 1 l_ . 11.4 11.4 5.7 9.8 . n A 84.4 80.4 87.2 77.8 4.2 8.3 7.1 12.3 485,671 1,427,297 143. 127 330,635 3,436,688 14,303,947 3, 546, 002 1,655,491 167,964 3,277,426 132,335 365,358 11.9 7.5 3.7 14.7 84:6 75.2 92. S 69.1 4.1 Saginaw . 17.2 Sault Ste. Marie Traverse City.. 3.5 16.2 iLes sthan one-tt .nth (jri \uiL (^y<- /L>) 1 M t;/( JHU ^J^udesth e group "al 1 others." MICHIGAN 685 Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large estab- lishments Table 17. is indicated by the statistics given in Table 17 VALUE or PRODUCT. NUMBEE OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF -WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8,724 9,159 7,446 271,090 231,499 175,229 $1,086,162,432 $685,109,169 $429,120,060 $493,361*368 $316,497,147 $199,039,129 Less than $5,000 2,976 2,566 1,914 1,108 160 3,372 2,685 1,999 1,035 88 2,634 2,281 1,683 807 41 3,154 10,556 30,078 117,227 110,075 3,906 12,382 35,706 123,279 56,226 3,791 12,581 37,031 100,354 21,472 7,254,892 26,702,525 87,746,430 329,969,154 634,489,431 7,821,328 27,383,330 90,330,115 301,233,306 258,341,090 6,522,567 24,062,938 75,963,984 222,432,102 100,138,469 4,561,300 14,339,662 40,538,674 157,753,189 276,168,543 4,914,568 14,559,126 41,918,104 146,842,096 108,263,253 4,054,535 J6 000 to $20,000 12,787,421 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 37,856,618 106,962,893 37,377,662 PER CENT DISTEraUTION. \ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 34.1 29.4 21.9 12.7 1.8 36.8 29.1 21.8 1L3 LO 35.4 30.6 22.6 10.8 0.6 1.2 3.9 11.1 43.2 40.6 1.7 5.3 15.4 53.3 24.3 2.2 7.2 21.1 57.3 12.3 0.7 2.5 8.1 30.4 58.4 1.1 4.0 13.2 44.0 37.7 1.6 5.6 17.7 5L8 23.3 0.9 2.9 8.2 32.0 56.0 1.6 4.6 13.2 46.4 34.2 2.0 $5,000 to $20,000 6.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 19.0 53.7 las For 1914, 1,268 establishments, or 14.5 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 1,123, or 12.3 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 848, or 11.4 per cent, for 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported 83.8 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 88.8 per cent of the total value of products, and 88 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments — those having products less than $5,000 — although representing 34.1 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 1.2 per cent of the total number of wage earners, seven-tenths of 1 per cent of the total value of products, and nine- tenths of 1 per cent of the value added by manufac- ture. For the establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total value of products shows an increase at each successive census, from 75.1 per cent in 1904 to 81.7 per cent in 1909 and 88.8 per cent in 1914. Table 18 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 16 of the more important industries, a classification of establish- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 17 for all industries combined. TaDIe 18 NUMBER OF ESTABUSH- MENT3. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Agricultural implements 30 32 100.0 100.0 2,143 2,359 100.0 100.0 $7,731,217 $9,272,787 100.0 100.0 $5,091,269 $6,382,634 100.0 0.1 0.5 4.6 94.7 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 5 5 9 11 205 18 26 46 65 60 922 6 10 6 10 113 16:7 16.7 30.0 36.7 100.0 18. S 31.2 18.8 31.3 100.0 5 32 209 1,897 67,638 5 59 171 2,124 25,444 0.2 1.5 9.8 88.5 100.0 0.2 2.5 7.2 90.0 100.0 9,823 46,091 473,587 7,201,716 398,289,022 14,397 104,443' 369,672 8,784,275 96,651,451 0.1 0.6 6.1 93.2 109.0 0.2 LI 4.0 94.7 ■ lOO.O 6, 038 26, 122 235,684 4,823,816 179,073,627 9,519 62, 118 209,509 6,101,488 42,769,030 0.1 $6,000 to $20,000 LO $20,000 to $100,000 '.: 3.3 $100,000 and over i 95.6 .A.UTOMOBILES, INCLUDING BODIES AND PARTS 100.0 Less than $5,000... 7 14 35 41 16 816 8.8 12.7 22.4 31.7 24.4 100.0 6.2 12.4 31.0 36.3 14.2 100.0 37 133 883 7,792 .58,693 4,014 14 78 777 6,005 18,570 2,637 ai 0.2 L3 11.5 86.9 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.1 23.6 73.0 100.0 50, 749 366,649 2,666,822 22,777,262 372,427,540 16,000,068 20,062 149,312 1,543,355 16,527,352 78,411,370 11,082,213 m 0.1 0.7 5.7 93.5 100.0 0.2 1.6 17.1 81.1 100.0 27,899 177,233 1,362,369 10,188,916 167,317,210 6,691,971 13,543 61,043 786,166 8,492,259 33,426,019 4,411,614 m 0.1 0.S 5.7 93.4 100.0 P) $5,000 to $20,000 ni $20,000 to $100,000. L8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 19.9 $1,000,000 and over . . 7.8.2 Bread and other bakery products 100.0 311 474 118 119 364 363 359 81 13 435 33.7 51.4 12.8 2.1 100.0 44.5 44.0 9.9 L6 100.0 7.8 38.2 50.1 3.9 100.0 209 1,164 1,207 11,434 1,367 196 811 918 712 1,073 5.2 29.0 30.1 35.7 100.0 7.4 30.8 34.8 27.0 100.0 949, 167 4,632,098 4,768,760 15,650,063 21, .549, 597 985. 610 3, 356; 822 3, 243, 868 3,496,013 14,287,499 5.9 28.9 29.8 35.3 100.0 8.9 30.3 29.3 31.5 100.0 434,466 1,974,465 1,880,774 12,402,266 3,087,094 411,949 1,340,0.55 1,226,672 1,432,938 1,910,697 6.5 29.5 28.1 35.9 100.0 9.3 $5,000 to $20,000 30.4 $20,000 to $100,000 V . - . $100,000 and over !... 27.8 32.5 Butter, cheese, and con- densed MILK 100.0 21 100 207 136 177 34 166 218 17 212 5.8 27.5 56.9 9.9 100.0 17 118 504 1728 1,417 14 162 684 313 4,034 1.2 8.6 36.9 53.3 100.0 1.3 15.1 64.4 29.2 100.0 67,390 1,365,082 8, 945, 267 111,171,858 3,774,827 102, 343 2,0.54,246 8,590,081 3,540,829 10,158,883 0.3 6.3 41.5 51.8 100.0 0.7 14.4 60.1 24.8 100.0 12,599 191,323 1,161,970 1 1, 728, 202 1,846,976 16,527 296,219 1,063,711 534,240 4,896,627 0.4 6.3 37.3 56.0 100.0 0.9 $5,000 to $20,000 16.5 $20,000 to $100,000 55.7 $100,000 and over 28. C Carriages and wagons Less than $5,000 97 44 10 106 65 19 122 54.8 24.9 14.7 5.6 50.0 30.7 9.0 10.4 122 225 348 732 122 310 415 1 3, 187 8.6 15.9 24.6 .51.0 3.0 7.7 10.3 79.0 252, 819 441, 106 863,554 267,940 611,977 931.216 6.7 11.7 22.9 58.7 2.5 6.0 9.2 82.3 179,330 290,967 464,575 912,104 168,662 394,561 445,362 13,888,142 9.7 15.8 25.1 49.4 3 4 $5,000 to $20 000 8 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2,217,348 1 18, 367, 750 79.4 Digitizm^dfWdtmdft® 686 MANUFACTURES. Table 18— Continued. IKBTJSTBY AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. Chemicals. Less than $5,000 t5,000 to S2Q,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 » $1,000,000 and over... Clothing, men's, includ- ing SHIKTS $5,000 to $20,000 4.. $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Flouk-mill and mill pkoducts.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000^000 and over. . . FOUNDKT AND MACHINE- SHOP PRODUCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20, 000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . FUBNITUEE AND EEPEIG- EEATOES Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. LiQUOKS.MALT. $6,000 to $20,000*.. $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Lumber and products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over. . . Printing and publishing Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Shipbuilding, including BOAT building Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and overi.. Slaughtering and meat PACKING Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Tobacco manufactures . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... number or ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 427 45 147 188 42 5 705 177 185 198 136 748 232 169 191 153 1,113 563 368 133 49 62 415 153 39 14 5 1909 36 520 163 257 56 5 654 161 188 194 106 5 202 79 1,180 429 332 249 167 3 1,045 579 316 122 28 7 10 18 7 3 729 503 167 40 16 3 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 44.4 11.1 30.6 13.9 38.5 35.9 25.6 100.0 10.5 34.4 44.0 9.8 1.2 100.0 100.0 12.4 15.8 28.2 43.6 100.0 11.4 40.0 48.6 100.0 31.0 22.6 26.5 20.6 0.4 100.0 50.6 33.1 11.9 4.4 100.0 50.0 27.4 16.1 6.6 100.0 22.2 11.1 38.9 16.7 11.1 100.0 66,3 24.4 6.2 2.2 0.8 100.0 65.6 13.9 22.2 8.3 100.0 25.0 42.6 32.5 100.0 7.5 31.3 49.4 10.8 1.0 100.0 100.0 11.9 16.3 33.2 39.6 100.0 20.3 39.2 40.5 100.0 36.4 28.1 21.1 14.2 0.3 100.0 56.4 30.2 11.7 2.7 100.0 57.1 23.1 9.9 9.9 100.0 15.6 22.2 40.0 16.6 6.7 100.0 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 4,609 21 14 366 4,108 2,502 272 2,148 1,370 27 173 457 397 316 26,497 16,267 20 151 502. 275 21,649 16,610 42 164 1,873 14,188 2,097 27 329 1,741 28,527 411 1,139 5,142 19,920 1,915 8,166 69.0 22.9 5.6 2.2 0.4 1,666 2,263 3,661 1,261 66 327 1,181 55 58 1,053 9,076 321 836 848 2,728 4,343 1909 3.174 16 10 652 2,496 3,580 72 418 3,090 1,530 40 217 2,669 13,694 1,527 41 306 1,180 36,627 812 2,554 7,328 23,351 1,582 7,219 1,677 2,361 2,478 2,344 38 101 385 902 5 20 94 139 644 7,876 Per cent dis- tribution. TALDB OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 100.0 0.5 0.3 8.1 91.1 100.0 3.3 10.9 85.9 100.0 2.0 12.6 33.4 29.0 23.1 100.0 0.8 3.6 15.4 62.3 17.9 100.0 0.3 1.0 11.5 87.2 100.0 1.3 15.7 83.0 100.0 1.4 4.0 18.0 69.8 6.7 100.0 8.4 19.2 27.6 44.8 100.0 405 935 892 3,246 2,398 2.6 6.2 25.9 66.3 100.0 "06 0.7 4.7 4.9 89.2 100.0 100.0 0.5 0.3 20.5 78.6 100.0 2.0/ 11.7 100.0 1.3 9.9 38.0 32.8 18.0 100.0 100.0 0.2 1.3 16.0 82.4 100,0 2.7 20.0 77.3 100.0 2.3 7.2 20.6 65.6 4.4 100.0 11.1 21.8 32.7 34.3 100.0 3.5 9.2 9.3 30.1 47.9 1.6 4.3 16.4 77.6 100.0 "5^6 2.2 10.4 15.4 71.4 100.0 5.1 11.9 11.3 41.2 30.4 1914 $13,891,415 $12,890,206 32,486 43,254 2,154,746 11,660,929 5,306,230 138,481 711,519 4,456,230 27,381,474 134, 169 1,714,408 7,787,576 9,271,969 8,473,352 64,576,497 473,571 1,899,709 9,390,370 38,184,463 14,628,394 33,857,041 61,786 328,426 3,227,149 30,239,681 15,041,247 84,006 1,552,088 13,405,153 68,523,217 637,700 1,883,040 9,011,769 42,703,695 4,387,013 24,953,324 1,421,223 3,409,566 5,838,012 14,284,523 2,822,557 70,443 166,843 449,000 2,136,271 21,266,915 17,234 52,293 688,269 1,713,765 18,896,364 20,667,016 1909 30,876 2,460,303 10, 362, 197 6,532,331 97,877 858,922 5,676,632 34,860,803 109,662 1,984,811 11,369,606 12,321,120 9,075,604 45,399,023 382,955 2,027,684 9,254,08(1 27,717,048 6,017,255 28,641,684 66,623 342,083 3,960,245 24,272,733 9,840,108 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 0.3 15.5 83.9 100.0 2.6 13.4 84.0 100.0 0.5 6.3 28.4 33.9 30.9 100.0 0.7 2.9 14.5 59.1 22.7 100.0 0.2 1.0 9.5 89.3 100.0 153,658 1,564,652 8, 121, 798 61,613,560 957,731 3,515,249 11,689,560 41,219,996 4,131,024 17,348,341 1,380,472 2,898,592 6,674,727 7,494,550 5,033,836 808,987 1,406,078 1,496,766 4,809,932 12,146,263 102, 145 197,958 373,579 4,360,154 13,435,114 19, 165 102,927 862, 649 2,860,928 9,589,445 16,178,633 1,022,291 1,545,615 1,427,187 6,439,938 6,743,502 0.6 10.3 89.1 100.0 0.9 3.2 15.4 73.0 7.6 100.0 5.7 13.7 23.4 57.2 100.0 2.5 5.9 16.9 76.7 100.0 "Ol 0.2 2.8 8.1 100.0 100.0 0.3 0.2 19.1 80.4 100.0 1.5 13.1 85.4 100.0 0.3 6.7 32.6 36.3 26.0 100.0 100.0 0.2 1.2 13.8 84.7 100.0 1.6 15.9 82.5 100.0 1.6 5.7 19.0 67.0 6.7 100.0 8.0 16.7 32.1 43.2 100.0 3.9 6.8 7.2 23.3 58.8 2.0 3.9 7.4 86.6 100.0 "oT 0.8 6.4 21.3 71.4 100.0 6.3 9.6 33.6 41.7 VALUE ADDED BY MAMUFACTUEE.. 1914 $7,517,930 23,280 17,034 952,007 6,525,609 2,310,392 80,716 368,967 1,860,719 4,082,303 30,635 344,991 1,294,361 1,433,149 979,267 37,456,742 345,923 1,247,691 5,761,531 21,390,066 8', 711, 632 19,495,818 39,320 204,387 1,815,095 17,437,016 10,713,219 55, 108 1,025,151 9,632,960 29,167,209 349,886 1,137,679 5,002,231 21,223,343 1,454,071 17,455,196 1,118,488 2,581,647 4,277,696 9,477,366 1,663,814 48,871 101,373 250,775 1,162,795 1,983,717 6,053 11,845 135,392 133,167 1,697,260 11,703,664 1909 $7,817,825 26, 160 18,111 1,425,901 6,347,653 3,143,805 53,858 421,480 2,668,467 6,501,392 17,068 359,602 1,941,702 1,866,701 1,316,319 26,688,471 1,344,589 5,473,522 15,853,890 3,746,676 16,923,466 42,592 209,509 2,303,083 14,368,272 7,419,069 106,434 1,137,869 6,175,766 32,471,918 639,110 2,114,914 6,632,352 21,361,365 1,724,177 12,413,815 1,069,979 2,189,911 3,966,107 5,188,818 2,544,064 492,567 867,290 838,506 2,628,075 6,887,226 64,736 117,093 233,320 2,128,916 1,7 6,915 33,695 193,145 394,833 1,140,701 8,970,598 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 0.2 12.7 100.0 3.5 16.0 80.5 100.0 0.7 8.5 31.7 35.1 24.0 100.0 0.9 3.3 15.4 67.1 23.3 100.0 0.2 1.0 9.3 89.4 100.0 0.5 100.0 -1.2 3.9 17.1 72.8 6.0 100.0 6.4 14.8 24,5 54.3 100.0 644,046 985,201 830,372 2,993,482 3,517,497 3.1 6.5 16.0 74.4 100.0 0.3 0.6 6.7 85.6 100.0 0.3 0.2 18.2 81.2 100.0 1.7 13.4 8i.9 100.0 0.3 6.5 35.3 33,9 23.9 100.0 1.0 5.0 20.5 69.4 14.0 100.0 0.3 1.2 84.9 100.0 1.5 15.3 83.2 100.0 2.0 6.5 20.4 66.8 5.3 100.0 8.6 17.6 31.9 41.S 100.0 2.5 4.6 9.2 83.7 100.0 "oi 1.9 10.9 22.3 64.5 100.0 100.0 4.2 7.3 7.2 22.5 68.8 7.2 11.0 9.3 33.4 39.2 I Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over.' 3 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. ' Includes the group "$20,000 to $100,000." * Includes the group "less than $5,000." For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows that for 6 of the 16 industries — automobiles, including bodies and parts, flour mills and gristmills, foundries and machine shops, furniture and refrigerators, and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® slaughtering and meat packing — there were increases, and for the others, decreases in the number of estab- lishments having products under $5,000 in value. MICHIGAN. 687 Each of the industries, with the exception of bread and other bakery products in both years, and butter, cheese, and condensed milk and printing and publish- ing in 1909, shows that the great bulk of the manu- facturing was done in estabUshments having products valued at $100,000 and over. Ten of the industries, with estabhshments having products valued at over $100,000, show increases in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture, while five others show decreases in each of these items. This class of estabUshments in the lum- ber and timber indiistry increased in v^alue of prod- ucts but decreased in the average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. With the exception of agricultural implements, carriages and wagons, chemicals, men's clothing, and shipbuilding industries, the lp,rge estabUshments show a greater proportion of the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for 1914 than for 1909. In the automobile industry, establishments report- ing products of $1,000,000 and over in 1914 repre- sented 86.9 per cent of the average number of wage earners engaged in the industry, 93.5 per cent of the value of products, and 93.4 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Table 19 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined, in each of the 27 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 17 for the state as a whole. Table 19 i. WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUTACTITRE. CITY AHD VALUE OP PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent ol total. Amount. Per cent of total. 68 1,258 100.0 $5,442,338 100.0 $1,658,973 100.0 30 16 13 9 S4 20 90 293 853 1,494 1.6 7.2 23.3 67.9 100.0 57,498 167,054 744,103 4,473,683 4,101,935 1.1 3.1 13.7 82.2 100.0 38,088 96,604 398,563 1,125,718 1,704,102 2.3 S5,000 to $20,000 5.8 »20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 All^A 24.0 67.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 24 15 9 6 75 23 92 222 1,157 842 1.5 6.2 14.9 77.4 100.0 48,954 152,247 383,841 3,516,893 2,603,379 1.2 3.7 9.4 85.7 100.0 34,711 81,0,53 216,720 1,371,618 1,301,816 2.0 $5,000 to $20,000 4.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Ann Arbor 12.7 80.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 28 25 14 8 135 25 112 248 457 4,599 3.0 13.3 29.5 54.3 100.0 58,550 278,884 690, 134 1,575,811 23,248,420 2.2 10.7 26.5 60.5 100.0 36,004 178,504 385,069 702,239 15,090,220 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000 . 13.7 $20,000 to $100.000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Battle Creek 29.6 53.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 39 46 32 14 4 142 30 146 415 2,083 1,925 3,771 0.7 3.2 9.0 45.3 41.9 100.0 91,186 434,418 1,374,105 5,563,217 16,785,494 11,119,286 0.4 1.9 5.9 23.9 67.9 100.0 61,126 265,066 766,904 2,988,811 11,008,313 4,715,881 0.4 $5,000 to $20,000 1.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Bat City 5.1 19.8 72.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 36 48 26 32 62 29 202 437 3,103 1,285 0.8 5.4 11.6 82.3 100.0 81,867 428,395 1,324,155 9r284,869 3,021,552 0.7 3.9 11.9 83.5 100.0 46,393 223,267 625,360 3,820,861 1,811,513 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 .. 4.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Benton Harbor... 13.3 81.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 17 21 19 5 30 96 423 736 2.3 7.5 32.9 57.3 45,415 229,583 959,009 1,787, .545 1.5 7.6 31.7 59.2 28,224 104,875 515,429 1,162,985 1.6 $5,000 to $20,000 8.8 $20,000 to $100,000 »ioo,goo to $1,000,000 28.5 64.2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Digitized by Microsoft® Table 19— Continued. 1 1.2 2 ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE of products. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Detroit 2,036 99,603 100.0 $400,347,912 100.0 3178,099,040 100.0 Less than $5,000. . . . 485 628 531 314 78 45 423 2,568 8,748 30,809 57,055 777 0.4 2.6 8.8 30.9 57.3 100.0 1,205,212 6,616,863 25,466,751 90,555,696 276,503,390 1,506,526 0.3 1.7 6.4 22.6 69.1 100.0 781,741 3,982,430 13,648,414 46,237,407 113,449,048 870,829 0.4 $5 000 to $20,000 2.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 7.7 26.0 63.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 17 18 6 4 94 24 92 71 590 8,722 3.1 11.8 9.1 75.9 100.0 40,844 173,888 237,324 1,054,470 53,375,039 2.7 11.5 15.8 70.0 100.0 29,878 109, 110 114,913 616,928 19,042,066 3.4 $5,000 to $20,000 12.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Flint 13.2 70.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 27 32 15 20 594 ■ 42 162 243 8,275 17,427 0.5 1.9 2.8 94.9 100.0 78,055 341,035 612,714 52,343,235 49,792,200 0.1 0.6 1.1 98.1 100.0 47,303 206,158 324,449 18,464,155 25,797,266 0.2 $5 000 to $20 000.. 1.1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over' Grand Rapids 1.7 97.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 . 183 167 131 105 8 21 197 695 2,494 11,700 2,341 142 1.1 4.0 14.3 67.1 13.4 100.0 464,164 1,709,002 5,968,773 31,422,104 10,228,157 402,980 0.9 3.4 12.0 63.1 20.5 100.0 313,723 1,010,025 3,285,800 16,327,968 4,859,750 213,291 1.2 $5,000 to $20,000 3.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 12.7 63.3 18.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 6 9 6 61 3 52 87 2,165 2.1 36.6 61.3 100.0 15, 401 101,269 286,310 8,683,835 3.8 25.1 71.0 100.0 6,021 -- 54,584 152,686 2,841,161 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000 25.6 $20,000 to $100,000 Holland.... 71.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 16 17 14 14 24 16 76 258 1,815 516 0.7 3.5 11.9 83.8 100.0 44,522 188,700 809,045 7,641,668 793,247 0.6 2.2 9.3 88.0 100.0 30,391 123,876 326,296 2,361,598 379,149 1.1 $5,000 to $20,000 4.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and oven Ironwood.. ,. 11.4 83.1 100.0 4 16 4 19 7 77 432 79 1.4 14.5 83.7 100.0 13,781 177,155 602,311 228,643 1.7 22.3 76.9 100.0 8,979 98, 727 271,443 92,715 2.4 $5,000 to $20,000 26.0 $20,000 and over 2 ISHPEMING ... 71.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 10 9 147 13 66 4,906 16.5 83.5 100.0 24,230 204,413 16,809,846 10.6 89.4 100.0 13,145 79,570 7,280,567 14.2 $5,000 and over 2. . - . 85.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 31 40 46 26 4 213 48 166 847 2,822 1,023 5,525 1.0 3.4 17.3 57.5 20.9 100.0 97,305 390,210 2,211,404 8,834,553 6,276,374 20,214,314 0.6 2.3 13.2 52.6 31.4 100.0 60,559 222,862 1,067,436 4,183,260 1,746,461 9,267,098 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000 3.1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 14.7 57.5 24.0 100.0 69 64 44 36 180 75 307 720 4,423 6,231 1.4 5.6 13.0 80.1 100.0 154,603 685,821 2,009,667 17,364,323 26,984,496 0.8 3.4 9.9 85.9 100.0 88,645 390,595 1,102,606 7,685,262 13,097,543 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 4.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over! 11.9 82.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 48 57 41 34 47 56 259 593 5,323 1,853 0.9 4.2 9.5 85.4 100.0 124,632 664,089 1,772,657 24,423,118 4,136,210 0.6 2.5 6.6 90.5 100.0 84, 706 382,620 852, 638 11,777,579 2,132,136 0.6 $5,000 to $20,000 2.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and oven 6.5 89.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 12 17 10 8 34 25 74 270 1,484 589 1.3 4.0 14.6 80.1 100.0 64,883 165,048 525,891 3,380,388 1,394,587 1.6 4.0 12.7 81.7 100.0 32,336 99,430 210,338 1,790,032 716,331 1.5 $5,000 to $20,000 4.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Marquette 9.9 84.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 13 10 6 5 52 22 48 84 435 1,988 3.7 8.1 14.3 73.9 100.0 33,668 87,540 234,047 1,039,332 4,999,884 2.4 6.3 16.8 74.5 100.0 19,844 54,007 149,575 492,905 2,344,377 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000 7.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 20.9 68.8 100.0 11 16 10 15 103 15 85 140 1,748 4,646 0.8 4.3 7.0 87.9 100.0 26,550 170,790 400,938 4,401,606 11,147,606 0.5 3.4 8.0 88.0 100.0 16,086 89,779 153,322 2,085,190 5,830,393 0.7 $5 000 to $20,000 3.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 6.5 88.9 100.0 ... ' 1 24 33 23 23 22 179 413 4,032 0.5 3.9 8.9 86.8 59,486 345,775 1,161,243 9,581,101 0.5 3.1 10.4 85.9 37,766 204,219 482, 116 5,106,292 0.6 $5 000 to $20,000 .. 3.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over I 8.3 87.6 ' Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." 688 MANUFACTURES. Table 1 9— Continued. 1 II ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Owosso 45 1,231 100.0 $3,468,534 100.0 $1,617,633 100.0 Less than S5,000 8 16 13 8 46 6 62 146 1,017 2,409 0.5 5.0 11.9 82.6 100.0 20,596 160,717 530,086 2, 757, 135 15,102,453 0.6 4.6 15.3 79.5 100.0 14,602 87,888 217,916 1,297,127 4,663,063 0.9 S5,000 to $20,000 6.4 J20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 13.6 80.2 100.0 7 13 17 4 5 89 12 41 192 426 1,738 1,296 0.5 1.7 8.0 17.7 72.1 100.0 20,950 134,704 799,463 1,588,769 12,558,567 4,090,323 0.1 0.9 5.3 10.5 83.2 100.0 2,877 79,308 '374,125 619,363 3,577,390 1,863,577 0.1 $5,000 to $20,000 1.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over POKT HUEON 8.0 13.3 76.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 24 26 27 12 241 23 91 380 802 6,342 1.8 7.0 29.3 61.9 100.0 68,588 238,036 1,207,773 2,575,926 19,008,670 1.7 5.8 29.5 63.0 100.0 44,679 137,249 598,071 1,083,678 8,352,687 2.4 $5,000 to $20,000 7.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 32.1 68.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 74 68 49 50 44 70 335 926 5,011 938 1.1 6.3 14.6 79.0 100.0 189, 571 773,355 2,389,966 15,655,779 3,821,464 1.0 4.1 12.6 82.4 100.0 123,862 454, 430 1,123,391 6,651,004 1,469,766 1.5 $5,000 to $20,000 5.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Saott Ste. Maeie.. 13.4 79.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 19 14 8 3 60 18 48 202 670 956 1.9 5.1 21.5 71.4 100.0 46,905 130,588 466,600 3,178,471 2,251,484 1.2 3.4 12.2 83.2 100.0 28,773 68,905 332,773 1,039,314 1,164,651 2 $5,000 to $20,000 4.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over I Traverse City 22.6 70.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 20 16 20 4 ■ 14 58 282 602 1.5 6.1 29.6 63.0 51,846 154, 103 907,181 1,138,356 2.3 6.S 40.3 60.6 31,651 82,681 403,061 647,468 2.7 $5 000 to $20,000 . . 7 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 34.6 55.6 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In the cities the same general condition prevailed as in the state as a whole, namely, a preponderance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value , added by manufacture f or estabUshments having prod- ucts valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentage of total value of products reported by estabhshments of this class, 98.1 per cent, appears for Flint, and the lowest, 50.6 per cent, for Traverse City. Each of the 27 cities shows a considerable proportion of the total number of estabUshments with products less than $20,000, but the value of their products was relatively small. Of the total number of establish- ments for each of the 2 cities having over 100,000 in- habitants, those having products valued at less than $20,000 in Detroit represented 54.7 per cent and in Grand Eapids 58.9 per cent, whereas the value of prod- ucts formed only 2 per cent and 4.3 per cent, re- spectively. Table 20 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 53 of the more impor- tant industries, and for each of the 27 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 21 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figiu-es in Table 20, and for 1909 similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 20 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 60 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 260 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). M H I42 03 ■S9 ^1 1^ II S,2 1^ 03 « It if Is is ^s ii 11 All industries 8,724 271,090 1,061 4,501 9,804 1,526 16,898 694 22,674 407 29,238 323 60,918 140 48,753 48 32,411 24 60,394 Agricultural implements 30 205 24 23 64 922 102 364 91 177 18 26 11 36 39 32 23 64 82 162 16 35 ■ 427 56 706 202 13 59 34 12 2,143 67,538 2,035 1,461 4,731 4,014 2,194 1,367 2,507 1,417 886 6,803 1,340 4,609 2,602 1,672 540 993 1,967 2,397 2,149 1,144 1,370 1,683 26,497 16,267 697 2,349 2,714 99^ 1 3 1 2 2 152 "'23' 8 22 8 36 4 1 23 643 42 303 34 104 5 3 16 91 6 1 50 1,373 131 682 78 216 17 12 6 37 6 7 13 97 38 25 25 37 8 4 1 7 12 10 10 18 13 32 4 4 33 10 169 24 4 27 12 96 444 76 78 172 919 421 243 319 366 109 41 15 86 136 133 106 188 168 346 47 64 308 123 2,033 299 52 279 167 . 12 icra 6 29 1 7 6 22 11 9 14 7 1 1 1 4 8 4 4 8 5 11 1 7 7 6 103 41 148 1,010 27 211 221 -667 362 265 446 208 22 33 38 138 235 117 126 273 14S 322 35 202 222 177 3,441 1,407 6 24 6 1 6 3 6 4 5 6 3 5 4 316 1,731 439 76 350 179 496 277 339 439 185 330 335 2 33 4 4 11 6 5 447 5,184 504 727 1,919 876 785 3 20 1 1 3 1,121 7,727 317 368 965 Automobiles, including bodies and parts . . Boots and shoes 11 1 8,061 666 12 43,290 Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products « J 1,054 Bread and other bakery produpts Brick, tile, pottery,andotherolayproducts Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving 2 1 267 189 3 1,058 Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies . . . 1 4 562 2,436 Cars and general shop coustniotion and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cement 6 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 3 3 1 1,068 691 148 191 317 240 106 288 477 542 501 111 2 1 3 3 671 361 1,053 1,078 1 1,212 Chemicals 3 1 2 4 4 13 2 58 8 47 8 1 Tgit 16 10 9 6 28 50 98 4 14 329 27 271 41 5 16 3 I'zel 29 26 34 11 73 94 234 15 45 651 79 674 111 16 41 2 3,055 Clothing, men's, including shirts 4 5 1 5 5 3 1 5 1 3 59 33 2 7 6 5 313 377 57 354 291 199 63 342 73 196 4,243 2,434 158 580 415 329 1 1 623 694 Clothing, women's Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- 3 Copper, tm, and sheet-iron products 2 S19 Corsets 2 575 1 872 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies riour-mlU and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 7 3 1,108 4,403 1,743 Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators 34 38 5,692 5,778 14 14 1 4,975 4,495 371 1 1,036 Gas and electric fixtures and lamps Gas, illuimnating and heating 7 7 3 271 236 m 1 2 242 277 1 936 Hosiery and knit goods 4 1,611 Iron and steel, blast furnaces MICHIGAN. 689 Table 20— Continued. TOTAL. - ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYmO— INDUSTRY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 60 wage earners. 61 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 600 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. 1 Estab- lish- nents. , ■Wage earners average lumber). k 11 11 ^1 If ^9 a 2 Met) If |§ 3 la 1^ ^1 ■•as li |9 li ri n A li Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 9 11 103 23 70 748 17 37 14 142 1,113 15 62 36 6 27 10 626 13 8 33 10 45 1,492 4,731 68 54 75 136 142 62 2,036 45 94 594 21 61 24 19 147 213 180 47 34 52 103 45 46 89 241 44 60 718 662 675 2,773 2,097 28,627 1,070 6,051 750 3,369 8,166 1,434 1,261 1,181 638 4,074 1,320 9,075 631 702 1,314 645. 676 25,709 181,588 1 5 15 3 30 176 2 3 2 18 173 2 6 6 19 46 166 37 411 1,920 16 26 29 203 1,767 24 66 54 2 1 7 3 18 112 5 8 1 10 55 3 4 2 89 24 232 .80 553 3,777 154 276 25 312 1,793 132 137 69 209 3 2 1 8 3 44 2 13 2 2 5 5 1 1 3 6 3 7 3 2 3 2 401 218 120 1,442 352 6,850 355 2,012 375 313 753 700 182 129 482 964 363 1,189 374 374 383 233 "w' 2 60 3 90 1 262 1 7 6 65 4 2 4 67 492 484 4,712 271 146 308 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . . . 2 1 21 1 9 722 254 7,328 270 2,680 26 41 229 ""s 4 12 300 3 1 6 69 629 1 38 21 1 5 43 678 4 3 13 116 1,535 4 84 50 1 25 Lumber and timber products , . . Musical instruments; pianos and organs 3 1,779 1 1,483 1 908 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds and 1 731 1 1,694 19 3 4 1,446 232 315 3 1 1 2 872 342 477 879 Salt Shipbuilding, including boat building Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made 2 3 4 6 3 1 5 5 1 37 261 155 230 288 408 200 56 341 315 74 2,569 18,786 Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil 4 48 5 2 9 1 159 96 261 25 4 1 2 2,648 579 1,697 188 ...... 326 4 1 10 675 8 1 14 82 2 2 7 1 18 274 1,068 870 24 18 78 15 260 2,967 12,054 4 1,709, 2 2,366 1 1 263 268 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, 7 2 7 90 471 230 82 208 2,837 15,647 7 176 558 12 869 2,024 34 1,710 4,960 29 201 4,363 32,729 12 96 3,894 34,685 3 34 2,175 23,379 3 18 6,204 Total for cities 39,448 •1,256 1,494 842 4,599 3,771 1,285 99,603 777 8,722 17,427 142 2,165 616 79 4,906 5,525 6,231 1,853 589 1,988 4,646 1,231 2,409 1,296 6,342 938 959 12 7 15 24 20 "252' 3 8 79 2 ..^^ 1 8 26 12 3 4 2 7 4 4 12 26 8 12 30 23 32 63 60 38 811 30 40 '246 12 23 16 15 56 98 91 26 17 ^ 45 18 19 46 101 23 25 57 47 73 161 166 103 1,964 83 88 616 31 67 43 34 139 241 221 76 41 59 120 39 49 115 216 51 61 11 14 17 27 28 13 471 8 26 120 5 12 8 2 49 44 42 7 9 10 21 15 12 17 58 7 15 138 113 197 321 300 150 5,424 97 275 1,298 65 124 64 16 546 483 498 84 105 100 230 175 115 ' 222 698 73 143 7 2 8 7 17 6 234 2 4 65 2 8 224 44 269 283 596 148 7,736 70 113 2,086 46 255 5 4 2 3 5 .4 103 274 259 148 217 302 277 7,439 2 1 1 6 9 1 86 1 4 27 295 115 155 1,107 1,266 260 14,030 207 599 4,160 1 3 268 916 2 2 1 43 1 4 14 816 682 367 16,692 320 1,319 4,882 3 1 1,694 559 Detroit . 21 14,834 15 31,484 6 41 468 3,188 2 5,860 2 1,197 1 84 8 1,317 1 1 318 409 1 13 16 14 2 1 7 13 1 3 7 24 2 6 29 422 544 480 70 23 231 395 31 124 232 798 65 233 Jackson . 8 18 13 6 2 3 9 4 1 6 16 2 550 1,280 . 880 311 150 200 671 339 67 424 1,091 167 10 7 4 2 1,963 1,098 699 298 2 3 2 3 1 2 3 775 971 843 1,014 270 670 1,021 1 1 1 511 908 606 1 2,164 6 3 3 5 2 13 728 617 647 869 303 1,850 2 1,692 1 441 1 744 3 2 1 856 682 363 *- 1 834 1 156 Of the 8,724 establishments reported for all manu- facturing industries ia the state, there were 1,061, or 12.2 per cent, va. operation during 1914 in which no wage earner's were employed. These were small estab- lishments in which the work was done by the proprie- tors or firm members. In some cases wage earners were employed, but the number was so small and the term of employment so short that in. computing the average, as described in the "Explanation of terms," the number was less than one, and the establishment was classed as having "no wage earners." Cigar fac- tories, newspaper and job printing offices, bakeries, 82101°— 18 44 and flour mills and gristmills are the industries in which the largest number of these small establish- ments were reported. The small estabhshments — those employing from 1 to 20 wage earners — still predominate in the majority of the industries of the state. While they represent 6,027, or 69.1 per cent of the total number of estabhsh- ments, they gave employment to only 26,702 wage earners, or 9.8 per cent of the total for all establish- ments. There were only 535, or 6.1 per cent of the total estabhshments in the state, that reported the employ- Digitized by Microsoft® 690 MANUFACTURES. ment of more than 100 wage earners each, but these estabhshments gave employment to 192,476, or 71.1 per cent of the total average nmnber of wage earners. The group showing the largest number of wage earners was the one employing over 1,000 wage earners each. This group employed 60,394 wage earners, or 22.3 per cent of the total. The industries in which these large establishments are especially prominent are the steam-raihoad repair shops and those manufacturing automobiles, including bodies and parts; brass, bronze, -and copper products; chemicals; foundry and machine- shop products; Itimber and timber products; patent medicines and compoimds and druggists' preparations; and tobacco manufactures. Among the cities, high percentages of the total num- ber of wage earners, reported by establishments em- ployiog more than 100 wage earners each, are shown for FUnt, 89.2 per cent; Pontiac, ^5.3 per cent; Iron- wood, 79.3 per cent; Battle Creek, 78.6 per cent; De- troit, 77.4 per cent; and Holland, 75.5 per cent. Table 21 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEB CENT or TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OY WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINQ SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINQ SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to S 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 3.6 4.4 6.2 7.7 8.4 10.3 10.8 13.3 18.8 22.8 18.0 16.7 12.0 13.5 22.3 11.4 Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and heating. . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 190a 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2.7 4.1 1.1 3.4 0.3 0.3 8.7 20.3 11.9 13.7 6.2 6.3 1.2 2.6 "s.'s 11.5 18.6 8.7 6.5 11.6 7.4 12.4 4.1 4.3 26.5 69.9 24.7 21.9 15.3 21.8 33.2 38.8 29.1 24.9 "ii.'i 9.9 27.2 17.7 14.8 23.1 14.3 16.5 17.3 25.3 V.2 2.4 6.1 41.1 17.4 17.7 11.6 16.2 34.9 25.0 13.3 24.3 29.6 6.6 9.1 21.7 10.7 4.5 4.8 3L7 27.5 8.0 10.7 26.0 17.2 48.8 43.3 12.8 13.5 10.0 11.3 10.3 13.3 10.2 30.0 54.0 28.0 55.8 15.7 3^.6 48.5 17 S 62.1 59.4 35.0 39.8 29.0 Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 0.7 1.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.1 1.1 0.8 34.2 38.1 6.0 10.4 42.6 56.6 3.1 7.6 15.2 6.1 1.9 1.7 0.2 0.5 4.5 2.8 0.7 0.9 3.7 1.0 5.3 4.8 3.6 2.5 22.9 23.8 19.2 30.1 17.8 24.9 12.7 13.6 25.8 8.5 12.3 18.6 0.7 1.2 1.1 6.9 8.8 1.5 2.4 1.3 2.7 14.4 16.3 4.7 4.9 16.6 15.2 16.5 28.0 19.4 8.4 17.8 20.5 14.7 7.1 2.5 19.9 0.6 2.2 2.8 6.6 3.1 0.8 9.4 7.1 7.0 20.6 23.3 24.6 27.5 22.6 7.5 16.3 13.4 14.2 1.6 4.1 17.7 19.5 16.2 17.6 10.5 20.9 13.0 13.5 S 6 14:7 6.2 2.6 4.1 21.6 18.7 5.2 19.9 7.4 14.0 4.5 13.5 22.6 18.8 20.3 10.2 13.5 13.2 31.0 20.5 20.9 5.7 5.4 25.0 28.7 "3.0 12.5 10. 9 22.5 12.4 10.6 12.3 35.6 12.5 14.8 12.0 8.3 2.3 2.9 3.8 29.9 4.2 6.7 9.0 11.6 11.9 16.0 19.4 15.0 18.6 Di 20.9 7.2 7.7 14.3 24.8 24.9 49.8 35.5 40.6 33.1 21.8 9.4 35.8 12.7 52.3 73.7 11.4 8.0 15.6 11.2 25.2 23.5 20.4 22.8 11.9 20.5 32.7 40.6 64.1 49.6 Iron and steel, blast furnaces. . . . Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel forgings Boxes fancy and paper 25.9 55.3 47.6 Brass, bronze, and copper prod- ucts. Bread and other takery prod- 22.3 21.9 0.5 0.3 13.3 8.2 2.1 4.3 2.4 3.6 0.4 0.3 1.7 0.8 3.4 4.7 18.8 19.7 0.3 1.3 6.7 4.1 4.2 S.9 0.2 8.2 Leather goods 24.6 20.4 1.3 2.3 19.6 31.9 6.7 8.9 1.5 L5 0.4 1.3 3.9 4.6 6.0 5.4 21.6 26.2 L7 6.8 6.2 5.0 4.6 34.4 26.6 2.9 12.6 26.4 33.4 13.2 14.3 14.4 2.8 4.6 6.5 3.3 2.1 9.3 11.8 22.0 20.1 9.2 7.9 10.9 2.8 5.8 16.5 ' Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt 17 6 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 62.0 67.2 16.8 16.0 24.0 26.4 33.2 39.6 33.3 61.3 60.0 44.3 9.3 8.2 9.2 18.9 48.8 49.1 14.4 33.0 10.9 38.5 75.5 70.4 23.7 8.1 27.4 39.5 13.1 16.2 59.3 18.4 53.3 41.3 29.1 40.2 36.1 39.2 26.0 13.1 12.1 Lumber and timber products... Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp Cannine and preserving Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs By electric- railroad companies. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs Dy steam- railroad companies. 10.7 29.2 13.3 14.4 18.4 10.0 44.1 64.7 3.3 15.6 7.6 22.7 19.0 21.3 44.4 40.5 10.6 41.6 14.6 23.2 19.9 9.5 25.2 5.0 43.8 35.4 8.1 42.2 16.2 '36.' 9 'sg.'s 11.6 28.1 26.9 'ii's 62.4 42.0 52.7 20.9 25.7 19.5 25.2 38.6 44.3 8.0 'so.'? "ii's 10.7 3.5 23.8 37.8 13.4 74.4 32.9 6.2 10.0 15.0 17.7 21.7 5.2 Paper goods, not elsewhere spec- Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prepa- rations. Printing and publishing Salt 60.3 ,W.l 0,6 o's 1.0 0.4 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.7 7.4 7.2 4.8 3.9 9.8 8.8 0.7 0.6 3.9 2.5 47.5 52.2 4.7 4.6 2.5 2.7 0.7 0.5 1.9 1.2 5.4 4.7 8.0 10.3 19.6 19.8 18.9 16.1 8.5 6.6 14.4 15.0 2.2 1.4 4.7 9.6 22.5 21.3 7.3 4.8 7.7 9.0 1.8 23.4 10.3 43.1 "33." 4 20.9 54.2 41.5 67.8 . 68.3, •■••• Clothing, men's, includlngshirts. Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing. Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made insteel works orroll- ing mills. Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Sugar, beet Coffins, burial oases, and under- takers' goods. 28.4 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Corsets 49.7 38.2 34.2 29.0 26.8 23.1 ■28.'7 0.6 0.7 1.2 1.5 3.9 2.5 7.2 7.2 2.9 7.2 4.0 8.3 "3.'5 17.5 27.0 12.7 14.0 36.1 23.0 11.0 9.2 "5.'7 18.8 65.0 50.0 43.7 42.6 17 6 "22.'4 21.2 40.6 62.2 Tobacco manufactures 7.4 9.9 1.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 1.1 4.7 "6."4 5.9 4.9 6.7 5.6 9.6 11.1 3.8 3.8 2.6 "i.'o U.0 2.3 3.1 45.1 21.7 11.5 10.7 26.1 Wall plaster 18.0 18.7 14.1 Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. Window shades and fixtures. . . . Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere spec- ified. ^ Wood distillation 41.0 36.0 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 44.2 20 4 'i8.'6 21.5 28.9 35.5 30.7 git 18.8 12.7 27.6 31.9 ize 65.8 39.1 16.6 13.8 10.7 7.4 3.9 Food preparations, not else- where specified. Wood, turned and carved^ . . . All other industries . . ..... Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture andrefrigerators Ifi c 36.8 1R 1 8.i 11.] 20 2 1.9 9.0 /licrosoft® 16. 0| 13.1 23.9 MICHIGAN. 691 Table 21— Continued. INDUSTRY AKD CITY. Cen- sus year. PEB CENT OP TOTAL AVEEAQE NtTMBEB OP WAGE EABNEES Df ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINQ SPECIFIED NUMBEB. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 .1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2.7 6.6 8.6 10.3 18.0 19.1 12.9 21.7 Adeian 4.5 3.1 8.7 3.5 4.4 8.0 2.0 10.7 1.0 3.5 21.8 3.1 8.3 43.0 2.8 4.4 3.6 4.1 7.0 3.0 2.6 3.2 2.0 8.9 3.4 6.4 6.4 11.0 7.6 23.4 7.0 8.0 11.7 6.4 12.6 3.2 7.4 45.8 6.7 12.4 20.3 11.1 8.7 8.0 4.5 17.8 5.0 5.0 14.2 4.8 17.1 11.0 7.8 16.0 17.8 2.9 31.9 6.2 15.8 11.5 7.8 9.0 1.3 12.0 32.4 11.8 21.8 17.3 17.6 4.7 8.0 21.6 7.6 ■"6."4 18.3 23.5 7.7 18.4 24.1 33.6 19.5 14.1 26.6 6.9 23.9 21.3 61.3 Ann Abbob 17.7 15.4 27.8 16.8 41.2 15.1 28.0 36.8 14.8 14.9 31.6 "h'.9 67.2 Holland 3.9 60.8 14.7 79 S ISHPEMING 36.7 8.6 9.8 7.7 3.8 3.9 11.6 8.5 2.5 5.1 17.9 12.6 6.9 24.4 11.2 23.2 14.1 16.8 25.5 10.1 14.4 27.5 2.8 32.7 17.2 17.8 40.0 19.9 11.2 16.1 36.6 13.3 52.6 36.1 23.4 29.2 16.8 17.6 13.5 64.'7 46.8 33.7 22.0 10.4 16.4 8.1 Kalamazoo . . . ... 33.8 Manistee Menominee... . Owosso 34.3 18.3 30.9 Port Hubon. . 13.5 62.0 38.0 13.2 Tbavebse City 1 W.S 1 Engines and power. — ^Table 22 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gener- ating power (including electric motors operated by piurchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. This table shows an increase in the power of engines and other prime movers employed in manufacturing industries of the state, amounting to 165,895 horse- power, or 27.7 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, nearly three-fourths of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it rep- resented only 3.4 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased to 12.8 per cent of the total and in 1914 to 25.7 per cent of the total. The use of electric motors for the purpose of applying power generated within the same estabhshments has increased greatly, the horsepower of such motors increasing from 27,559 in 1904 to 58,794 in 1909 and 123,264 in 1914. In 1914, as in 1909 and 1904, steam power formed the greater part of the total primary power reported, but notwithstanding an increase of 89,338 horsepower during the earlier five-year period and of 51,235 horse- power during the later period, the proportion which this kind of power formed of the total .primary power decreased from 85.3 per cent in 1904 to 77.8 per cent in 1909 and 67.6 per cent in 1914. While the number of internal-combustion engines decreased from 1909 to 1914, there was an increase of 5,605 in horsepower dur- ing the same period. This class of power, however, represented only 2.6 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the period from 1909 to 1914 there was quite a decrease in the mmaber and horse- power of water wheels, turbines, and motors, which formed 4.1 per cent of the total primary power in the later year. Table 22 Primaiy power, total. Owned Steam engines and turbines ' IntemalHiombustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors. Kented Electric. Otlier... Electric Kented Generated by establishments reporting . NUMBEB OP ENGINES OE MOTOES. 1914 25,686 5,790 4,177 1,062 551 19,896 1^896 28,992 19,896 9,096 1909 15,527 6,967 5,066 1,167 734 8,560 8,560 12,917 8,560 4,357 1904 6,616 6,616 4,978 954 .684 (?) 1,826 HOESEPOWEB. Amount. 1914 764,183 568,075 616,771 19,693 31,711 196,108 192,602 3,606 315,766 192,602 123,264 1909 521,543 465,536 13,988 42,019 76,745 74,270 2,475 133,064 74, 270 58,794 1904 440,890 426,074 376,198 10,534 39,342 14,816 12,411 2,405 39,970 12,411 27,659 Per cent distribution. 1914 100.0 74.3 67.6 2.6 4.1 25.7 25.2 0.5 100.0 61.0 39.0 1909 100.0 87.2 77.8 2.3 7.0 12.8 12.4 0.4 100.0' 55.8 44.2 1901 100.0 96.6 85.3 2.4 8.9 3.,4 2.8 0.6 100.0 31.1 68.9 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 23 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all iur- dustries combined, and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 692 MANUFACTURES. Table 23 Wdustey and city. All industries. and Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies parts , Boxes, lancy and paper , Brass, bronze , and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Caniung and preserving , Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cement Chemicals Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. I"lour-miIl and gristmtU products Id pi ifled. Foundry and machine-shop products - Furniture and re Mgerators , Gas, illuminating and heating Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating'greases Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel forgings Xeather, tanned, curried, and finished. . liquors, malt ]jumber and timber products Husical instruments, pianos and organs and materials .'.. Paper and wood pulp Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified ... , Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Paving materials Printing and publishing Salt An- thrax cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 95,815 115 3,188 38 498 8,417 820 3,344 416 133 47 16,321 120 160 529 5,289 2,405 5,797 407 255 15 63 4,381 1,322 161 HI 14 1,807 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 5, 974, 604 23,242 304,003 39,011 48,577 20,599 132,650 71,742 22,597 11,006 111,827 498,023 854,567 5,334 11,549 59,027 61,984 230,724 118,146 622,240 10,956 19,406 25,205 14,701 22,173 13,793 84,275 91, 198 113,957 12,215 513,410 14,321 28,792 31,021 15,979 262,048 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 460, 122 2,996 16,297 24, 103 19, 216 1,558 179 238 183 358 1,559 80,534 1,022 947 1,074 6,613 57,237 3,191 9,851 190,204 2,036 191 45 944 432 507 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 781,212 11,716 245,415 33,615 136,329 189 432 142 13,258 165 36 5 762 52 90,826 756 116,564 23,404 39,291 41 4,167 2,123 38 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 146 1,322,789 139 14,752 16,200 20 229 480 377 464,646 9,130 9,519 423 315,450 88,609 4,000 151 4,605 11,777 5,335 3,233 65 48 3,835 '6i,"493 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaug'aterrag antj meat packing Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mi'.Is. . Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Sugar, beet ; . . Tobacco manufactures Wall plaster , 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere spe^i.'ied "Wood oistillaticn All other industries Total for cities. Adrian Alpena Ann Arbor Battle Creek. Bay City Benton Harbor . Detroit Esoanaba Funt Grand Rapids Hancock. . . Holland . . . lEONWOOD. Ishpeming. Jackson Kalamazoo . Lansing Manistee . . . Mabqxtette . Menominee . Muskegon.. O wosso PONTIAC Port Huron Saginaw Sault Ste. Marie. Traverse City 716 18 12 4,600 33,944 An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 205 738 51 96 6,026 113 41 13,920 41 161 3,893 142 29 116 18 193 189 217 150 50 325 2,002 58 64 252 403 16,264 74 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 22,594 28, 357 9,876 173,404 15,920 33,677 7,841 47, 103 1,085,643 2,527,995 20, 287 157,945 18,036 164,116 26,747 117,506 52,720 ■26,725 1,068,287 10,283 68,570 225,453 32,519 678 119 99,664 196,011 61,362 37,487 24,524 74,390 27,657 28,305 33,777 104,002 15,972 5,216 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 410 125 6,194 101 1,042 341 2,290 6 25,198 4,188 53 16 60 28 3 25,680 541,734 170 640 4,035 5,947 2,781 108,441 421 3,392 6,442 44 924 313 3 3,685 3,529 5,379 666 361 776 3,200 1,142 1,062 1,212 2,425 126 445 OU, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 14,702 3,23o 90,798 1,011,991 1,033 16 706 7,556 29, 652 3,740 342, 430 1,168 59,611 13,528 104 1,144 1 30,474 10,020 16, 158 994 2,563 6 330 17, 175 548 1,874 879 24 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 194 1,974 1,736 15,582 1,256 484 15,121 316,378 2,368 1,363 469,776 2D5 94,837 204 351 80 9,1D0 9,572 17,446 187 300 891 9,200 1,030 18,798 1,273 5,536 1,151 720 SPECIAI STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bvu-eau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for nine important industries and for power laundries in Michigan are here presented. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. — ^Table 24 shows the number and value of the different classes of automobiles manufactured, as reported at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. During 1914, 443,072 automobiles, valued at $303,774,254, were made in the automobile factories of Michigan, as compared with 64,800, valued at $70,359,749, in 1909, and 9,125, valued at $6,552,804, in 1904, the number in 1914 being nearly forty-nine times, and the value forty-six times as great as in 1904. There were 437,093 passenger automobiles made in 1914, of which 367,092 were touring cars, 63,381 runabouts and buggies, and 6,620 closed and other passenger cars. There were also made 5,979 business vehicles, of which 1,295 wer^ .and 4,684 were trucks. Table 24 Products, value total Automobiles Passenger veiicles Tourmgoars Runabouts and bug- gies Closed (limousines, cabs, etc.) All other (omnibuses, sight-seeing wag-' ons government and mimicipal, etc.) Business vehicles. . . Delivery wagons. Trucks All other products, in- cluding bodies and parts and repairs 1914 Num- ber. $398,289,022 443,072 437,093 367,092 63,381 6,620 5,979 1,295 4,684 Value. 303,774,254 295,583,364 251,609,0561 33,307,852J 10,666,456 (?) 8,190,890 970,569 7,220,321 94,514,768 Num- ber. $96,651,451 64,800 64,025 62,319 1,560 146 775 401 374 Value. 70,359,749 69,038,967 64,940,793 3,825,066 273,108 1,320,782 319,071 1,001,711 26,291,702 Num- ber. 1904 $7,998,534 9,125 9,023 9,023 0) 102 51 51 Value. 6,552,804 6,481,164 6,481,164 W 71^640 3SZ50 36;390 1,443,730 1 Not reported. 2 Figures for * ' all other ' ' combined with those for ' ' closed cars," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The greatest increase in the different classes of vehicles manufactured was in touring cars, which in- 9,023 in 1904 to 62,319 in 1909 and m i914. The output of closed passenger MICHIGAN. 693 vehicles was more than iovr times greater in 1914 than in 1909. Of the various classes of business vehicles, trucks show the largest increase in both number and value, the number increasing from 51 in 1904 to 374 in 1909 and to 4,684 in 1914, and the value increasing from $36,390 in 1904 to $1,001,711 in 1909 and to $7,220,321 in 1914. In 1914 all the automobiles were gasoline, except 1,661 which were electric, as com- pared with 538 in 1909 and 11 in 1904. Of the 443,072 automobiles produced inMichigan dur- ing 1914, 313,395, or nearly three-fourths, were rated as having 20 but less than 30 horsepower. The correspond- ing figures for 1909 were 17,938 out of a total of 64,800, or about three-elevenths. The remainder were dis- tributed in groups according to horsepower ratings as follows: 1,937 were of less than 10 horsepower in 1914, as compared with 4,328 in 1909; 39,250 were of 10 but less than 20 horsepower, against 13,814; 79,254 were of 30 to 50 horsepower, as compared with 28,103; and 9,236 had 50 or more horsepower, against 617. There were 569,054 automobiles made in the United States during 1914 by the estabhshments engaged primarily in this industry, of which 77.9 per cent were made in Michigan, as compared with 51.2 per cent in 1909 and 42.1 per cent in 1904. The products included under the head of "all other products" at the census of 1914, the value of which amoxmted to $94,514,768, or 23.7 per cent of the total for all products, consisted largely of automobile bodies and parts mantifactured by establishments wh.ere no finished vehicles were produced. The manuf actm-e of bodies and parts is diversified to a considerable extent and, as these partly manufactured products become the materials for other establishments which assemble the parts and produce the complete vehicle, there is duphcation in the total cost of materials and value of products reported for the industry approximately equivalent to the value of such bodies and parts as were used in the factories of the state. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^Table 25 shows the quantity and value of the flour-miU and gristmill products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Although there was a general decrease in 1914 for all of the important products of this industry, as com- pared with 1909, it is stiU one of the most important in- dustries of Michigan. Wheat flour, which contrib- uted more than one-half of the total value of all prod- ucts at each census, shows a decrease of 11.3 per cent in quantity and 14.8 per cent in value since 1909. The output of bran and middlings and feed and offal, which combined formed 35.2 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in 1914, decreased 29.6 per cent in quantity and 30.9 per cent in value from 1909tol914. Theoutputof rye flour increased in both quantity and value during both five-year pieriods. The equipment of the flour mills and gristmills of the state in 1914 included 2,029 stands of rolls, 182 runs of Digitized by stone,, and 391- attrition miUs. Six mills manufac- tured barrels in 1914 and one manufactured sacks. Table 35 1914 1909 1904 $27,381,474 $34,860,803 $26,512,027 Wheat flour: Barrels . 3,056,744 $18,056,643 74,662 $377,707 15,773,491 $447,545 221,600 $8,638 131,646 $461,630 486,510 $8,439 149,893 t3,'298,041 216,760 $6,350,168 102,755 $3,468 $272,508 $98,699 3,447,800 $18,838,591 61,963 $266,698 20,181,026 $547,024 33,600 $499 177,189 $606,706 38,610 $1,098 -520,810 $13,97«,486 3,901,219 Value $17,155,090 Eye flour: Barrels. . 61,842 Value $219,597 Buckwheat flour: 21,930,856 Value $524,429 Barley meal: Pounds 205,770 Value $2,411 Com meal and corn flour: Barrels .. , 210,116 Value $506,615 Hominy and grits: Poimds 43,802 Value $1,075 Bran and middlings: Tons (') Value 0) Feed and offal: Tons 404,404 Value- $7,850,231 Breakfast foods: All other cereal products, value $318,340 $311,361 $262,579 I Included in "feed and oflal.' Printing and publishing. — The number and aggre- gate circulation per issue of the various classes of pub- lications in Michigan in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in Table 26. Table 2C PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly and triweekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly AU other classes NUMBER OF PUBUCATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 736 80 14 28 517 84 4 9 87 15 34 526 73 4 787 86 12 30 570 74 AGGREGATE CIRC17LATI0N PER ISSUE. 3,627,929 888,981 342,163 45,883 793, 176 1,428,889 12,400 116,437 1909 2,766,282 681,919 258,683 82,640 760,298 927,601 48,100 19, 141 1904 3,074,297 644,282 172,687 99,339- 774,768 1,372,519 67,600 43,212 Although the total number of publications decreased, there was an increase in their aggregate circulation between 1909 and 1914, a condition which shows a gain over that from 1904 to 1909, when a decrease was reported for both items. The circulation of all classes of pubhcations, except semiweeklies and triweeklies, and quarterlies, increased from 1909 to 1914, the greatest increase being in the monthlies, 501, 288, or 54 per cent, due largely to an increase in agricultural publications. The combined circidation of the daily and Sunday editions was 1,231,144 in 1914, as compared with 938, 502 in 1909, a gain of 31.2 per cent, while the number of publications decreased 7.8 per cent. Of the 80 dailies in 1914, 61, with an aggregate circulation of 644,219, were evening papers. The weeklies show a slight increase in circu- lation from 1909 to 1914, which more than made up the decrease reported for the earlier five-year period. IVIicrosoft® 694 MANUFACTURES. The triweeklies, which are combined with the semi- weeklies, were 7 in number in 1914, 6 in 1909, and 4 in 1904. Of the 736 pubHcations reported in 1914, 53 were printed in foreign languages, and reported a combined circulation of 169,612, or 4.7 per cent of the total. This represents an increase over 1909 of 3 in number of publications, and 25,530, or 17.7 per cent, in circu- lation. Eleven were printed in German, 8 each in Dutch and Finnish, 7 in PoMsh, 5 in English and Ger- man, 3 each in Itahan and Swedish, 2 in Hungarian, and 1 each in Croatian, Flemish, Russian, Slovenian, Ukranian, and English and Dutch. Five of these publications were dailies and 32 were weeklies. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Table 27 gives the quantity and cost of the materials used in this industry and the quantity and value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 37 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $20,982,247 $12,120,971 $7,271,023 Cattle hides: 1,708,952 $15,807,830 $727,628 $4,446,789 $25,503,573 1,430,885 $8,022,645 $1,055,188 $3,043,138 $15,331,104 1,126,456 Cost $5, 292, 740 All otherTaw stock, cost $512,663 $1,465,620 PKODUCTS. Total value $9,340,349 Leather: Sole- Sides. . .... 1,871,940 $12,641,509 403,346 $2,580,218 $9,212,158 $451,361 $618,327 1,603,512 $7,326,276 214; 879 $1,210,132 $6,405,052 $225,619 $164,025 1,353,293 $4,954,749 195, 695 Value Harness- Sides Value $854, 690 $3,224,996 $153,650 Work on materials lor others, value. . $152,264 Of the materials used, cattle hides show the greatest increase in cost during the five-year period 1909-1914, $7,785,185, or 97 per cent, but the number of hides used increased only 278,067, or 19.4 per cent. Nine and six-tenths per cent of the cattle hides tanned in the United States during 1914 were tanned in Michigan e¥t ablishments . The value of products in 1914 was $25,503,573, representing an increase of 66.4 per cent over the value reported for 1909 and 173 per cent over the value for 1904. Sole leather, mainly hemlock, formed nearly one-half of the total value of products for the industry at each census. About one-half of the total value of the leather products is represented by the total for ' ' all other" which includes "cattle side upper," horse, upholstery, case, bag, and strap, and bookbinders' leather, and finished spHts. "All other products," consisting of wool, hair, glue stock, fertilizer materials, etc., has doubled since 1909, and the amount received for tanning, currying, and finishing for others has increased ^^f^iff^^^^- / There was an increase in each item ^ver previous censuses, except in "all other raw stock." Michigan ranked sixth in value of products in this industry. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^Table 28 gives the quantity and value of the principal products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 38 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $21,549,597 $14,287,499 $8,208,'708 Butter: 43,220,077 $12,416,504 32,925,588 $9,365,152 10,294,489 $3,051,352 7,604,889 $901,054 13,267,145 $1,773,576 11,046,713 $1,588,656 686,522 $64,644 1,534,910 $120,276 76,514,655 $5,200,640 37,057,100 $2,930,006 39,457,555 $2,270,634 $650,716 $007,107 35,511,760 $10,043,137 30,328,760 $8,586,270 5,183,000 $1,456,867 2,572,764 $249,276 13,382,160 $1,911,875 13,028,317 $1,860,879 76,220 $10,984 277,623 $40,012 32,404,944 $1,924,621 27,696,866 $1,693,030 4,709,078 $231,591 $105,378 $53,212 21,013,000 $4,411,196 19,272,730 $4,027,770 1,740,270 $383 426 Value Packed solid— Pnnnris Prints or rolls- Value Cream sold: Pounds. . 3,139,609 $234,540 16,814,856 $1,718,076 16,452,577 $1,676,280 Value Cheese: Value ' FuIlKiream— Pounds . Value PartKjream— Value Other kinds i— Pounds 362,279 Value $11,796 27,681,608 $1,644,277 27,266,506 $1,630,730 415,102 $13,547 $162,912 $37,705 Condensed milk: Pnnnris Value Sweetened— Value Unsweetened and evaporated— Pnnnds Value All other butter, cheese, and con- densed-milk factory products. All other products, value 1 Includes skimtned-milk cheese. 2 Includes casein, sugar of milk, whey, skimmed milk and buttermilk sold. From 1904 to 1914 the number of establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of butter in- creased from 203 to 270, while the number of cheese factories decreased from 162 to 75. Nineteen con- densed-mUk factories were reported in 1914, as com- pared with 6 in 1904. Butter was the most important product, as measured by value, in the last three censuses. The total value of butter represented 57.6 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in 1914; the -corresponding percentages for 1909 were 70.3 and for 1904, 53.7. The output of cheese decreased in quantity but in- creased in value from 1904 to 1909, while from 1909 to 1914 it decreased in both quantity and value. The total output of condensed milk shows large increases during the decade, both in quantity and value, having iucreased by 48,833,047 pounds, or 176.4 per cent, in quantity, and by $3,556,363, or 216.3 per cent, in value. The proportions which the value of these three classes of products for the state formed of the corresponding totals for the United States in 1914, were as follows: Butter, 5.1 per cent; cheese, 3.9 per cent; and con- densed milk, 8.7 per cent. Measured by value of products, Michigan held sixth place among the states in the manufacture of butter; third place, in the manu- ^a<^tog^«*-^eese; and fourth, in the manufacture of condensed milk. MICHIGAN. 695 Paper and wood pulp. — ^Table 29 shows the quantity and cost of the principal materials used and the quan- tity and value of the various products, as reported at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also gives the number and daUy capacity of the paper ma- chiaes used and the yearly capacity of both pulp and paper mills. Table 29 MATERIALS. Total cost Pulp wood: Cords Cost '. Wood pulp, purchased: Tons Cost Ground- Tons Cost., Sulphite fiber- Tons Cost other chemical fiber- Tons Cost Bags, including cotton and flax wjiste and sweepings: Tons Cost Old and waste paper: Tons Cost Another materials, Including fuel, cost. . PRODUCTS. Total value Book, cover, plate, and coated paper: Tons Value Wrapping paper: Tons , Value Boards: Tons Value Writing and all other fine paper: Tons , Value All other paper: Tons , Value Wood pulp made lor sale or for con- sumption in mills other than where produced: Tons Value , All other products, value Wood pmp produced (including that used in mills where manufactured), total tons Ground, tons , Sulphite fiber, tons Other chemical fiber, tons EQUIPMEIJT. Paper machines: Total number , Capacity, yearly, tons Fourdrinier — Number ^ , Capacity per 24 hours, tons Cylinder- Number Capacity per 24 hours, tons Pulp equipment: Grinders, number Digesters, number Capacity, yearly, tons of pulp, total. Mechanical, tons Chemical, tons 1914 $14,544,945 182,314 $1,270,466 78,488 $3,160,096 17,511 $357,006 42,705 $2,022,035 18,212 $781,055 16,006 $425,935 200,370 $3,419,791 $6,268,657 $22,049,990 118,991 $10,075,238 59,873 $3,427,732 109,360 $3,633,395 17,463 $1,880,801 36,935 $1,692,933 16,464 $549,031 $790,860 81, 451 17,280 63,358 10,813 CI 430,077 65 26 619 19 29 93,186 24,510 68,676 1909 $9,024,595 132,846 $858,230 60,750 $2,406,975 15,320 29,070 $1,329,972 16,360 $691,514 11,939 $383,886 114,497 $2,193,302 $3,183,202 $13,922,124 85,048 $6,499,865 50,328 $2,799,583 56,342 $1,866,436 5,032 $705,772 36,411 $1,709,006 8,199 $300,948 $40,514 65,331 12,273 63,058 301,345 43 573 25 321 17 27 74,932 18,303 56,629 1904 $4,581,471 82,386 $486,748 35,879 $1,209,198 9,712 $191,713 15,197 $630,761 10,970 $446,724 8,192 $199,937 60,417 $1,058,014 $1,667,574 $7,340,631 62,048 $3,628,967 32,654 $1,565,861 26,382 $812,781 2,647 $256,062 14,606 $611,053 11,158 $407,286 $58,621 38, 612 14,079 24,533 55 181,108 34 444 21 185 20 24 46,410 25,810 20,600 Michigan ranked seventh among the states in the manufacture of paper and wood pulp in 1914, as compared with eighth in 1909. Of the 37 paper and pulp mills in the state in 1914, 1 was engaged exclu- sively in the manufacture of wood pulp, 28 made paper only, and 8 produced both pulp and paper. The cost of pulp wood shows an increase of $412,236, or 48 per cent, for the five-year period 1909-1914, as compared with $371,482, or 76.3 per cent, between 1904 and 1909. In accepting these figures allowance should be made for the increase in the price of the wood during the decade. In 1914 a total of 182,314 cords of pulp wood were used in the industry, of which hemlock formed 43.5 per cent; spruce, 33,9 per cent; balsam fir and other kinds of wood, 11.1 per cent; and slabs and other miU waste, 11.5 per cent. The wood pulp purchased increased 17,738 tons, or 29.2 per cent, in quantity, and $754,121, or 31.3 per cent, in cost, from 1909 to 1914. Sulphite fiber was the principal kind of pulp purchased, forming 54.5 per cent of the total quantity purchased in 1914, as compared with 47.9 per cent in 1909 and 42.4 per cent in 1904. Nearly twice the quantity of rags were used in 1914 as in 1904, and the quantity of waste paper was more than three times as great in 1914 as in 1904. Book paper was the principal product of the indus- try in 1914, as well as in the two preceding censuses. In 1914 its value constituted 45.7 per cent of the total for aU products, as compared with 46.7 per cent in 1909 and 49.4 per cent in 1904. Among the other paper products, the largest increase in value from 1909 to 1914 was in that reported for boards, the value of which represented 16.5 per cent of the total value of products. The total production of wood pulp manufactured in the state in 1914, which includes that used in the mills where it was made, increased 110.9 per cent from 1904 to 1914. Sulphite fiber was the principal kind of pulp produced at each census. The number of paper machines increased from 55 in 1904 to 81 in 1914, while their annual capacity in- creased 248,969 tons, or 137.5 per cent, during the same time. Fourdrinier machines formed consider- ably more than one-half of the total number at each census. The cyhnder machines are generally used in the manufacture of tissue paper, boards, and certain other special kinds of paper. The number of pulp grinders and their yearly capacity increased slightly from 1909 to 1914. The number of digesters increased from 24 in 1904 to 29 in 1914, and their yearly capacity increased 48,076 tons, or 233.4 per cent, during the same period. Slaughtering and meat packing. — Table 30 gives the quantity and value, of the leading products manu- factured in 1914, 1909, and 1904, Cured beef, lard compounds and substitutes, tallow, soap stock, oleo- margarine, sausage casings, and fertihzer materials are included in "all other products," to avoid the possible disclosure of the operations of individual estabhshments. These figures do not include those for estabhshments engaged primarily in the manufac-? ' ture of sausage. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 696 MANUFACTURES. Table 30 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $20,665,737 $12,842,201 $6,193,280 Fresi meat: Beef- Pounds 28,060,744 $3,517,274 2,800,785 $408, 809 4,782,158 $608,761 30,382,616 $5,232,513 43,017,100 $5,697,111 8,409,966 $1,103,762 27,342,302 $2,744,866 62,035 3,457,996 $531,873 9,716 118,828 $20,772 125,534 $128,392 $671,604 24,099,494 $1,931,128 2,603,074 $309,668 3,509,894 $363,474 16,479,567 $2,014,770 36,145,040 $4,707,180 8,174,244 $804,620 13,361,255 $1,859,703 57,635 2,982,942 ^66,080 88,285 $94,862 $391,816 12,149,200 Value $850,668 Veal- Pounds 992,370 Value $83,703 Mutton and lamb- Pounds 2,350,900 Value $199,644 Pork- Pounds 9,909,375 Value $839,370 Pork, pickled and other cured: Pounds 30,277,890 Value $3,003,627 Sausage: Pounds 3, 022, 472 Value $219,210 Lard: Pounds 8,146,672 Value.. $624,370 Hides and pelts: Cattle- Pounds Value. 26,466 Calf- 1,619,500 $131,686 Pounds Value.... ■ Sheep- 44,610 $39,056 $202,046 Value All other products, value . The slaughtering and meat-packing industry has made large gains in Michigan during the past few years, the total value of products in 1914 being more than three times tha,t reported in 1904. The com- bined value of fresh and cured pork, the most impor- tant products in 1914, represented 52.9 per cent of the total for the industry, as compared with 52.4 per cent in 1909. The most noticeable increase reported was in lard, which more than doubled in quantity in 1914, as compared with 1909. All of the other enmnerated products show gains, both in quantity and value, for each five-year period. Beet sugar. — The following table shows the quantity of beets used and the quantity and value of the differ- ent products made from sugar beets of domestic growth- for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Tatole 31 1914 1909 1904 862,053 816,609 .636,508 Products, total value $11,023,068 $10,476,876 $5,378,004 Sugar: Granulated- 111,570 $9,944,717 305 $22, 239 _ 4,133,121 $277,266 $778,836 103,864 $9,766,687 561 $41,404 5,016,748 $337,200 $339,025 $2,660 Value . $6,184^031 2,016 $120,109 1,081,131 $21,741 $45,414 $6,709 Eaw— Tons . Molasses and sirup: Value .... Pulp, value All other products, value In 1914 Michigan ranked third in value of products among the states producing beet sugar (being exceeded by Colorado and California), and reported products valued at $11,023,058, which represented 17-6 per cent of the total production in the UnitedQiQI^ZeO Oy The quantity of beets used increased from 535,508 tons in 1904 to 816,609 tons in 1909 and 862,053 tons in 1914. In 1914, 99,214 acres were required to grow the 862,053 tons of beets used in the manufacture of sugar. Only 53 acres of this land were owned or operated by the factories. Practically the entire production was granulated sugar, which constituted 90.2 per cent of the total value of products in 1914, as compared with 93.1 per cent in 1909 and 96.4 per cent in 1904. The quantity of raw sugar produced show^ a decrease from 2,016 tons in 1904 to 551 tons in 1909 and to 305 tons in 1914. Molasses and sirup, which in 1914 amoxmted to 4,133,121 gallons, Valued at 1277,266, were inferior products, from which nearly aU the sugar had been extracted, and were used mostly in the manufacture of feed for cattle. Carriages and wagons and materials. — Table 32 shows the kind, number, and value of the different kinds of vehicles manufactured in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 33 1914 1909 1904 $3,774,827 $10,158,883 $14,889,457 Carriages (family and pleasure): 25,265 $1,424,549 11,454 $730,293 2 $400 12,205 $307,967 $1,311,618 ■ 91,668 $4,463,090 28,720 $1,586,172 201 $118,490 32,751 $570,207 I $3,430,924 174,889 $7,784,444 52,273 $2,352,958 120 Value Wagons (business, farm, etc.): Number Value. . Public conveyances: Value $116,026 53,180 $977,822 $3,658,207 Sleighs and sleds: Value All other products, including parts, and amount received for repair work value 1 Includes 143 automobiles, valued at $179,819, manufactured by establishments devoted primarily to the manufacture of carriages and wagons. * The extraordinary development of the automobile industry, particularly in this state, is the direct cause of the large decline in the carriage and wagon industry. There has been a decrease in the total value of products at each successive census, the decrease from 1904 to 1909 being $4,730,574, or 31.8 per cent, and from 1909 to 1914, $6,384,056, or 62.8 per cent. Each class of vehicles shown decreased, both in number and value, at each census. During the decade the greatest absolute decrease was in family and pleasure carriages, the number decreasing 149,624, or 85.6 per cent, and their value, $6,359,895, or 81.7 per cent, while the greatest relative decrease was in number and value of pubhc conveyances, 98.3 per cent and 99.7 per cent, respectively. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 33, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Michigan for 1914 and 1909. In 1914 Michigan ranked ninth among the states in amount received for work done and eighth in the J number of j)ersons engaged in the industry. This 'V'B^PiSfi^Sncreases in aU items, with the exception MICHIGAN. 697 of the amoTint paid for contract work, wHch shows a decrease of $2,516, or 78.8 per cent. Receipts for work done increased 56.8 per cent; number of wage earners, 31.5 per cent; and amount paid to wage earners, 62.8 per cent. Establishments owned by individuals reported $1,019,899, or 19.9 per cent of the amoimt received for work done; those owned by corpo- rations, $2,616,599, or 51.2 per cent; and thos^ under other forms of ownership, $1,478,788, or 28.9 per cent. Table 33 Number of establishments rsons engaged Proprietors and firm members; . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Samries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEK LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 234 5,637 270 465 4,902 6,457 $3,172,343 2,619,264 458, 146 2, 161, 118 675 151,940 928,502 5,115,286 1909 219 4,328 249 350 3,729 4,071 009,251 602,951 275, 133 327,818 3,191 19,333 621, 786 261, 841 Per cent of increase,! 1909- 1914. 6.8 30.2 8.4 32.9 31.5 58.6 57.9 63.4 66. S 62.8 -78.8 70.1 49.3 56.8 1 A minus sign (-) denotes decrease. Table 34 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 35 gives statistics as to the kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 36 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 19^9, with percentages of increase. Table 34 WAGE EAENEES. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,738 4,691 4,731 4,793 4,854 6,045 5,230 5,245 5,110 4,899 4,738 4,757 3,434 3,423 3,463 3,567 3,639 3,821 4,066 4,096 3,987 3,795 3,726 3,732 90.3 89.4 90.2 91.4 92.5 96.2 99.7 100.0 97.4 93.4 90.3 90.7 83.8 83.6 March. 84.5 April 87.1 88.8 .Timfl 93.3 July 99.3 August September 100.0 97.3 92.7 November 91.0 91.1 Table 35 NUMBER OF HOESEPOWEB. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 of in- crease,' ,1909- 1914 Primary power, total. 417 279 6,457 4,071 58.6 Owned 178 163 15 189 163 25 1 90 90 5,491 5,429 62 966 966 3,638 3,537 100 1 433 430 3 50.9 Steam 53.5 Internal-combustion engines Water motors -38.0 Rented 239 239 123.1 Electric... 124^7 Other 396 239 157 191 90 101 1,335 966 369 874 430 444 52. 7 Rented 124.7 Generated by establishments reporting -16.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Table 36 KIND. Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 crease,' 1909-1914 Anthracite coal . . Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Barrels 1,777 58,417 318 216 14,601 854 43,090 361 640 14,981 108 1 35 6 Coke —11 9 Oil : 66 2 1,000 cubic feet 2 5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. GENEEAI TABLES. Table 37 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of estabUshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for aU industries combined. Table 38 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown with- out disclosing the operations of individual estabhsh- ments; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,0Q0 inhabitants, for all industries combined. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 698 MANUFACTURES. Table 37.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num^ berol estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. "Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agricultural implements Artificial stone products. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, tents, and sails. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Boots and shoes. Boxes, fancy and paper.. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay pro'dructs. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Canning and preserving . . Carriages and wagons and materials. Carriages and sleds, chil- di'en's. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. CA-s and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad com- panies. Cement Chemicals . Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8,724 9,159 7,446 217 191 27 205 113 33 24 17 64 60 136 922 816 614 2 102 131 175 364 435 371 3 91 104 134 177 212 218 6 36 6 14 39 40 43 32 52 44 16 12 4 271,090 231.499 175, 229 2,143 2,359 3,164 514 67 67,538 25,444 2,735 154 129 74 238 373 406 2,035 2,455 1,723 1,461 1,326 4,731 4,771 2,029 4,014 2,637 2,194 2,194 1,771 1,— 1,367 1,073 875 2,507 2,073 2,022 1,417 4,034 6,400 574 424 5, 5,401 4,435 1,340 1,306 1, 4,609 3,174 3,333 2,502 3,580 2,320 1,672 2,194 2,043 764, 183 598, 288 440,890 6,941 6,195 6,'" 1,258 634 3S 79,379 25,938 1,"' 45 44 14 574 900 655 1,696 786 5,935 1,564 558 14,251 11, 622 2,036 3.479 1,953 1,201 11,505 8,772 8,519 4,776 3,794 4,791 3,374 2,636 2,739 6,362 8,411 598 484 409 413 1,704 226 8,596 5,742 4,153 24,158 21, 773 18. 593 45, 944 26. 594 22,860 1,075 1,161 931 662 581 922 205 278 74 S182, 252 118,968 81,279 1,456 1,261 1,"' 306 255 35 57,792 15, 491 1,— 104 67 113 159 160 932 936 681 748 447 230 3,030 2,450 936 2,459 1,444 1,032 1,246 898 752 863 554 432 944 665 621 2,240 3,063 224 214 84 629 318 246 3,905 3,600 2,497 976 3,405 2,012 1,848 1, 1,221 717 715 745 658 60 40 S592, 801 368,612 230,081 2,640 2, 3,497 400 349 43 219,215 53,882 3,443 261 199 285 174 147 3,181 3,347 2,016 2,131 1,618 431 11,473 8,993 1,703 9,308 6,671 3,853 1,058 649 18, 463 12,377 7,027 4, 3,074 2,374 1,928 5,262 8,440 443 257 150 632 949 313 3,264 2,916 2,599 2, 1,403 6,373 5,072 4,403 2,996 3,: 2,526 1,194 1,710 1,731 1,316 $1,086,162 686. 109 429. 120 7,731 9,273 8,720 1,060 90S 119 398, 289 96, 651 7,997 602 349 197 537 480 435 5,357 6,256 3,631 3,748 2,653 913 16, 869 13, 890 16,000 11,082 7,116 3,174 2,293 1,941 21, 650 14,287 8,209 8,194 4,971 3,817 3,775 10, 169 14,889 970 682 337 1,326 1,301 7,669 6,838 5,369 4,529 2,915 2,660 13,891 12, 890 9,037 5,306 6,632 4,203 2,661 3,587 3,629 1,618 938 133 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery. Xiooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specined. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Corsets. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods . Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and heating. Hosiery and knit goods. Ice, manufactured. Iron and steel, blast fur- naces. Iron and steel, steel works and rolMng mills. Iron and steel forgings. Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt . Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 23 18 16 540 439 630 1,077 711 982 $315 208 '301 $648 493 525 1914 1909 1904 64 56 44 993 1,062 783 1,157 812 616 448 361 232 1,820 1,797 1,033 1914 1909 1904 82 101 98 1,967 2,642 2,614 7,316 8,600 7,206 912 1,016 958 2,063 2,004 1,794 1914 1909 1904 <162 152 67 2,397 2,386 1,570 2,789 1,875 1,445 1,437 1,122 687 2,807 2,545 1,396 1914 1909 1904 16 14 11 2,149 2,461 1,378 959 734 316 873 835 469 1,899 1,877 700 1914 1909 1904- 28 37 30 453 668 433 1,194 1,379 802 320 307 193 387 384 262 1914 1909 1904 35 40 14 1,144 1,218 529 1,684 1,365 379 656 494 177 1,740 1,030 294 1914 1909 1904 427 520 406 1,370 1,630 1,608 35,321 38,991 34,755 860 806 767 23,299 29,369 23,414 1914 1909 1904 66 49 55 1,683 1,303 1,041 9,760 8,983 5,499 1,110 724 460 7,039 4,750 2,266 1914 1909 1904 '705 664 '452 26,497 21,649 16,396 52,085 34, 152 21,278 18,992 12,344 8,657 27,120 18,711 14,086 1914 1909 1904 35 31 20 380 619 636 603 232 360 183 267 242 818 984 1,036 1914 1909 1904 202 202 142 16,267 16,610 14,565 28,204 27,485 19,812 9,488 8,300 6,468 14,361 11,718 8,640 1914 1909 1904 13 20 63 597 396 76 993 386 46 445 219 37 936 642 243 1914 1909 1904 59 66 46 2,349 1,771 1,287 34,935 6,066 2,379 1,584 1,096 575 3,366 2,129 1,120 1914 1909 1904 34 36 33 2,714 2,645 3,085 3,373 3,291 2,601 1,006 769 769 2,610 •2,047 1,844 1914 1909 11 5 443 87 4,433 1,959 389 77 128 40 1914 1909 1904 12 11 11 991 1,016 1,139 14,046 17,403 7,491 782 632 588 3,877 4,224 3,104 1914 1909 1904 9 S 5 718 1,183 1,018 4,688 4,290 4,630 498 661 527 871 1,698 1,800 1914 1909 11 4 552 307 1,632 483 476 182 807 240 1914 1909 1904 '103 57 45 676 834 630 462 760 342 379 434 339 1,413 1,458 760 1914 1909 1904 23 24 25 2,773 2,291 1,747 6,787 6,719 4,391 1,739 1,133 866 20,982 12,121 7,271 1914 1909 1904 70 79 86 2,097 1,627 1,271 13,039 9,219 7,518 1,703 1,073 864 4,328 2,421 1,694 1914 1909 1904 8 748 1,180 1,058 28,527 35,627 34,193 112,584 133,739 119,485 15,196 16,298 15,995 29,356 29,042 24,729 1 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes "sand-lime brick." 3 Includes "canning and preserving, fish; " "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables; " and "pickles, preserves, and * Includes "stamped and enameled ware,_ not elsewhere specified," and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." 6Includes"automobilerepairing;" " engines, steam, gas, aad water;" "eas machines and specified;" "pumps, steam and other power;" ""* *^*-*-* '^ "*■ — -^ ^-^ ,«„^„- k««+?.i ing mills." » Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "saddierv and hampj.s" anrt *'t.mnV« anH vaMana " $1,355 1,085 1,225 3,040 2,944 1,699 5,650 4,929 2,889 4,982 4,368 1,976 965 1,124 730 3,416 2,327 702_ 27,381 34,861 26,512 16,005 11,492 6,764 64,576 45,399 31,434 1,680 2,284 1,771 33,857 28,642 20,502 2,094 1,546 10,441 6,748 3,866 5,233 4,029 765 199 5,450 6,824 4,644 1,716 2,670 2,712 1,493 602 2,426 2,660 1,389 25,604 15,331 9,340 15,041 9,840 6,999 58,623 61,614 57,217 j,Bi,oa,ui,g!iii, a«iii wa,i,oi, aa,s mauinuBo oiiii gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roU- ' Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and va 8 Includes " boxes, wooden packing;' door screens and weather strips." "lumber, pla jliAjffg/ptottaQfflU&^^nected with sawmills;" "pulp wood;" and "window and MICHIGAN. Table 37.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 699 INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 111 113 73 461 ( 551 \436 1,644 1,570 872 1390 393 287 S637 592 400 Jl,561 1,504 1,088 1914 1909 1904 23 14 12 278 306 194 517 508 377 162 140 93 519 407 331 877 689 614' 1914 1909 1904 120 97 84 391 252 174 -■ 814 506 88 246 138 102 819 368 170 1,696 910 502 1914 1909 8 8 189 232 442 303 114 128 342 375 541 659 1914 1909 1904 17 17 13 1,070 1,779 1,069 1,927 2,690 1,310 677 1,075 537 1,259 2,009 750 2,682 4,226 1,984 1914 1909 1904 53 23 6 38 54 13 619 365 11 17 17 8 226 415 166 492 486 240 1914 1909 1904 37 32 30 6,051 4,327 3,052 62,528 48,700 31,357 3,559 2,142 1,305 14,545 9,025 4,581 22,050 13,922 7,341 1914 1909 1904 114 18 S6 750 1,181 341 2,009 2,680 975 402 483 146 2,252 1,953 816 3,588 3,551 1,329 1914 1909 1904 «142 159 96 3,369 3,249 2,536 2,694 2,270 2,301 1,994 1,509 952 7,003 4,941 3,798 16,434 13,475 10,470 1914 1909 1904 •1,113 1,045 6937 8,166 7,219 5,999 13,K!3 7,651 5,292 5,602 4,000 2,981 7,498 4,935 3,424 24,953 17,348 12,050 1914 1909 1904 15 27 41 1,434 1,363 1,388 8,316 6,628 6,091 991 745 626 2,067 1,643 1,191 4,421 3,653 2,405 1914 1909 1904 3 4 7 276 228 132 298 310 140 200 137 68 208 229 65 612 524 258 1914 1909 1904 62 91 57 1,261 2,344 1,998 7,565 6,485 4,164 1,040 1,380 1,068 1,259 2,490 1,079 2,823 6,034 2,973 1914 1909 1904 6 11 10 410 823 617 845 1,403 942 272 459 314 463 796 502 1,035 1,866 1,165 Marble and stone work . Mattresses and spring beds. Mineral and soda waters. Mirrors, framed and un- framed. Musical instruments, pi- anos and organs and materials. Oil, essential . . .- Slaughtering and meat packing. Springs, stoel, car and car- riage, not made in steel works or roUing mills. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Sugar, beet Tobacco manufactures. . . Paper and wood pulp.. Toys and games . Paper goods, not else- where specined. Patent medicines and comnoimds, and drug- gists^ preparations. Printing and publishing. : Wall plaster. Salt. Window shades and fix- tures. Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not else- where specified. Wood distillation. Scales and balances.. Shipbuilding, including boat building. Showcases. Wood, turned and carved. Woolen goods All other industries 1914 1909 1904 6 36 45 26 1,181 902 499 3,275 3,404 959 1914 1909 1904 11 3 11 78 68 131 245 882 477 1914 1909 1904 6 5 6 638 588 323 1,000 908 572 1914 1909 1904 27 33 27 4,074 4,482 4,472 ■ 5,916 5,910 4,589 1914 1909 1904 10 11 19 1,326 1,460 1,211 10,306 8,854 8,766 1914 1909 1904 626 729 706 9,075 7,876 6,428 5,143 937 1,156 1914 1909 1904 7 8 5 251 279 169 198 994 318 1914 1909 1904 13 16 8 631 746 343 4,295 3,029 2,125 1914 1909 1904 3 702 636 225 1,149 1,236 342 1914 1909 1904 33 37 30 1,314 909 984 2,269 1,900 1,355 1914 1909 1904 10 12 9 645 806 291 2,644 5,012 366 1914 1909 1904 45 58 74 676 1,137 1,226 2,901 4,695 3,897 1914 1909 1904 9 15 15 ' 477 554 482 1,311 1,900 1,186 1914 1909 1904 789 784 578 20,159 21,169 15,963 61,768 36,918 34,177 1815 481 265 49 37 55 472 309 128 2,988 2,832 2,491 932 910 581 3,779 3,076 2,467 149 135 70 421 278 157 295 261 85 788 428 415 504 156 318 548 528 230 235 170 13,174 11,095 7,540 $19, 283 11, 666 5,629 362 354 1,183 558 282 3,715 2,816 2,737 6,244 6,228 3,761 8,963 7,208 4,847 246 174 81 743 412 380 3,918 3,446 1,990 1,708 1,155 351 339 634 589 793 863 595 58,697 64,638 46,437 CITIES 0¥ 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. DETHOIT— All indus- tries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, tents, and sails . Boots and shoes. Boxes, cigar. Boxes, fancy and paper. .. Brass, bronze, and copper products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1:904 V V 1,362 122 68 19 8 7 3 99,603 81,011 48, 483 33, 439 15, 675 2,034 114 100 60 965 1,327 926 256 249 202 352 366 415 3,880 4,032 2,032 180, 608 114, 190 39, 458 14,666 20 531 362 205 164 193 142 13,074 10,661' $69, 447 43,007 22, 558 26,368 9,621 959 80 54 25 430 491 400 99 76 62 144 ri5 97 2,485 2,049 987 $222, 249 130, 218 66, 581 101,382 31,363 2,631 172 133 71 1,014 1,702 1,117 140 111 148 115 10,296 8,273 3,429 $400,348 '252,939 128, 247 164,076 59, 536 6,240 336 238 152 2,255 2,744 2,039 279 238 184 491 382 813 14,630 12,297 5,682 DETKOIT— Continued. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages and wagons and materials; Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 275 265 159 89 13 6 27 34 25 20 22 »28 19 27 IS 1,850 1,108 874 160 220 32 255 26|3 884 1,682 2,786 1,560 1,070 921 708 40 41 021 95 129 1,827 1,112 625 286 188 812 951 154 143 186 170 143 $1,200 638 424 110 129 18 182 164 403 765 963 472 484 357 233 ' Includes "envelopes." 2 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of mdividual operations "Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ' S"''?'*i* "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithoeranhlnE " ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations s. » " umuBiapiuug... , « Includes "sausage." ' Figures do not a.gree with those published in 1909 because certain establishments revised their reports for that census B Includes "sand-lime bnck." $4,363 2,897 1,566 95 90 15 275 189 794 2,273 2,352 1,791 695 661 791 452 128 117 138 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 700 MANUFACTURES. Table 37.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. WDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber o{ lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. DETROIT— Continued. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery^ ap- paratus, and supphes. Emery and other abrasive wheels. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Pumishing goods, men's. Furniture and refrigerar tors. Hosiery and knit goods. Iron and steel, steel works' and rolling mUls. fewelry. . Leather goods. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work . . . Mineral and soda waters. Models and patterns, not including paper pat- terns. Paint and varnish Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists* preparations. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3 221 215 2 125 18 19 10 29 33 2 24 18 9 5 32 22 10 19 18 19 6 47 69 2 30 19 19 12 19 13 11 15 17 7 10 12 '63 74 42 460 387 387 1,957 1,932 1,256 330 269 72 691 641 90 78 102 181 48 73 11,260 8,694 6,341 207 ■ 371 70 337 241 1,787 2,290 1,949 280 334 497 832 92 65 239 403 304 1,165 646 493 1,802 2,046 1,039 202 194 174 166 81 66 201 188 68 326 368 386 2,895 2,818 2,280 616 341 2,106 1,453 837 719 1,097 575 164 165 1,841 562 20, 210 10, 336 190 24 36 118 2,899 3,722 245 214 3,489 3,430 228 630 6,088 7,043 4,629 650 560 148 85 1,090 1,304 2,214 1,819 S230 139 115 1,163 861 508 25'- 139 32 334 226 35 43 61 37 91 29 30 8,658 4,828 3,396 165 181 130 27 110 61 1,108 1,186 811 102 91 129 317 659 431 101 145 211 168 1,020 495 368 1,231 1,013 554 178 131 112 117 46 42 186 126 36 214 234 198 1,713 1,328 629 517 2,108 1,932 1,117 213 154 61 1,223 493 65 123 155 31 1,779 526 417 12,361 7,614 626 707 677 158 86 1,369 1,302 1,038 365 326 372 561 1,317 1,604 154 43 22 634 819 349 2,623 1,185 795 3,782 3,759 1,196 203 172 109 240 113 49 43 24 1,965 2,241 2,461 6,016 4,304 3,509 1,136 845 4,369 3,634 2,258 651 466 146 2,240 1,148 'l9C 225 284 135 2,067 652 613 29,465 * 18,243 13,647 1,102 1,738 1,121 148 360 200 3,383 3,762 2,624 615 659 720 1,117 2,297 2,362 204 913 1,396 632 9,410 4,942 3,272 6,454 6,110 2,167 522 413 312 630 266 150 306 238 60 3,867 4,201 4,449 13,691 11,558 9,423 DETROIT- Continued Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, sauces. and Printing and publishing. , Slaughtering packing. and meat Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures Wirework, ijicluding woven-wire fencing. All other industries GRAND RAFIDS- All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Brass and copper products Bread and other bakery products. Butter. Carriages and wagons and materials Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Hosiery and knit goods. Leather, tanned, cruried, and finished. i Includes stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified, " and "tinware, not elsewhere specified ' , T I 'i statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations, s Includes "automobilerepairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "s™.'! Tna/>hmA!= < 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 224 155 157 198 225 358 239 694 524 3,472 2,519 1,920 7,131 5,883 4,002 206 207 277 17,427 17,690 15,514 87 432 405 441 361 310 199 239 283 107 118 106 1,532 1,532 964 6,991 7,250 6,654 422 216 275 177 417 549 7,098 2,602 3,047 3,092 3,358 2,741 6,036 925 177 175 52,042 39, 178 30,393 27,676 560 401 244 186 126 134 139 173 46 70 36 39 1,537 1,510 2,831 2,107 10,253 10,305 251 109 620 437 $105 116 126 2,629 1,670 1,114 761 433 222 1,748 1,809 1,814 2,-S64 2,177 1,341 108 81 11,270 9,844 6,418 335 60 49 1,379 865 1,144 4,044 2,044 1,410 18,489 11,221 4,753 318 320 316 1,788 1,670 1,761 7,309 6,869 3,301 166 127 149 31,691 20,597 23,995 19, 736 14,422 114 147 281 243 138 943 -S72 613 621 216 68 70 231 192 220 245 102 43 2,652 3,045 2,166 1,086 1,134 682 5,719 4,937 3,683 665 393 391 1,031 545 sTiofifiori " ",^„ir,„= =f=„,„ ;,:,'&" Vi;""' --o— --,—-— -.o—, —- ..-™, ''ras machines and gas and water meters;' ^a,x^y,a.i.,, pioiuiuoio ouuuuuo, uui,oio=v^„= miUs/' P™'^^' '^™^™ ^™ other power;" "steam flttmgsand stoam and hot-water heating apparatus;"and "structural ironwork, not made in steelworks or rolling "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere I !^tj!^s;^^^j'l^'^rsl'?t^^^^^a'''^!l!l'''''^ establishments revised their reports for that census. " Includes "boxes, wooden packing; weather strips." ' Includes "perfumery and cosmetics. ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making; ^ Includes "Ssmsntro " ■" Includes hot-water udes "automobile repairing;" ' heating apparatus;" and "strc lumber, planing-mili products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." ■g^upplies, not elsewhere specified;" "steam fittings and steam and engmes, s^^arem n ,, „ , , r^^'^. ,-i straeturalirorfir6fMa4?feja&*ifisWarwdt65 or rolling 1 " Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of mdividual operations MICHIGAN. Table 37.- Inoludes "lumber, planing-mill products, not Including planing mills connected with sawmills" and' "window and door screens and weather strins " ' ^.xcludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. • Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. • Includes "bookbinding and blank-book makmg;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing " o-JLSS^™.?" ??t ^^^ ^^^ ^^°^ published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the cQKpor&T6 iiuU'Cs 01 XiiQ City. • Includes "engines, stcam^as, and water.'* -■ I In 1904 the statistics for West Bay City, which was annexed in 1905, are included. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 702 MANUFACTURES. Table 38.-DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. TERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDTJSTBT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST KEPBESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Agricultural implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts. Automobiles AutomobDe repairing Repair work Vulcanizing . . ; Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Blacking, stains, and dressings , Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Regular factory product , Overgaiters, moccasins, and leg- gings. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packmg Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Bmlding brick , Sewer pipe, draintile, and flre- proofmg terra cotta. Brooms , Brushes , Butter Canning and -preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables Caimed fruits Dried frmts Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials. . . ^ Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop- construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cement Cheese Chemicals Clothing, men's , Men's and youths' , All other , Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments and petticoats. . . "Wrappers, house dresses, and other similar products. Coffee, Toasting and grinding Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Icecream _ Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work! Corsets Cotton goods .'.,'. Cutlery and edge tools. 8,724 320,611 7,725 30 5 217 140 65 65 63 12 24 13 3 28 24 17 7 10 23 40 64 922 12 910 84 52 32 23 10 270 49 27 18 4 19 14 163 153 10 IS 16 23 19 124 64 GO 50 140 16 3 4 2,671 18 775 26,858 48,565 244 224 20 238 271 559 2,271 2,202 69 355 1,612 1,772 5,251 5,670 781 4,889 1,916 1,391 625 146 184 1,202 1,851 1,466 368 17 76 187 538 1,600 1,557 43 6,171 1,603 229 4,932 2,382 2,320 62 1,936 42 1,660 107 227 149 678 1,670 1,250 320 281 1,065 2,406 42 93 16 3 236 43 6 70 67 13 20 13 3 20 10 11 38 21 37 1,068 6 1,052 84 49 35 37 14 146 27 6 16 6 21 12 1 190 177 13 1 143 69 74 55 169 10 2 4 9,738 22,928 92 1 35 546 871 9 9 47 64 133 113 25 1 4 159 141 6 18 1,115 3,682 40 39 242 296 127 169 63 1 Owned power only. 214 118 5 291 138 132 6 103 3 114 96 18 1 47 83 3 3 9,130 271,090 Mh282,176 96 1 3 418 1,204 5 5 26 22 108 189 27 162 12 7 6 1 2 26 5 71 50 21 1 19 107 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 2,143 8 483 24,736 42,802 161 145 6 154 238 4 469 2,036 1,985 60 328 1,461 1,626 4,731 4,014 696 3,418 1,719 1,266 453 105 157 769 1,687 1,345 330 12 54 164 462 1,253 1,224 29 1,340 146 4,509 2,091 2,046 45 1,672 30 1,367 82 203 640 452 1,187 993 194 220 772 2,149 31 81 Mh 2,611 « 8 Je 6 658 Ap 27,735 Mil 46,689 Je 5 157 Jy6 9 Je 220 Au 398 a 4 622 Ja 2,273 No 6 61 Se 338 De 1,674 Au 1,903 Mh 4,986 Je 652 Jy« 3,533 Je Au De Ja 1,692 550 120 176 847 Se Se Oo5 Au Jy N*© 3,344 727 51 68 187 514 Mh 1,360 Jy 34 Je 939 De 6,066 Jy 1,502 Je 164 Ja 4,619 Fe 2,381 Au 57 Jy 36 Ja 2,386 Mh Mh Oe Oo Jy 108 209 553 540 Oo 1, 148 Au 269 Oc Oc Fe Ja5 Se 30S 901 2,612 32 112 De 249, 777 Se 1,338 0) 8 Fe 240 De 22, 164 Jy 36,854 Ja Jas De De De 123 116 97 4 394 No 1,739 Ja 24 Ja« 322 Fe 1,402 De 1,305 De 4,421 Ja 556 Fe 3,292 Ja De Au' ^/e 841 356 91 145 661 Ja Fe Ja» Mh Ap 20 37 141 My 426 Oc 1,089 De 24 Se 860 Fe 6,457 Fe 972 Ja 132 Jy 4,403 Jy 1,771 Se 31 Dei Jy 24 792 De 61 De5 192 Ja5 My Mh 528 411 Ja Fe 907 143 Fe 168 Fe 632 De 1,671 Des 30 De 20 (') 1,881 9 699 24,408 41, 695 169 163 6 124 301 4 404 1,964 1,913 51 327 1,705 1,703 4,501 4,070 582 3,488 1,830 1,348 120 163 780 3,782 2,889 839 54 65 176 535 1,178 1,151 27 872 6,312 1,336 144 4,447 2,144 2,097 47 1,459 24 1,188 49 198 85 547 435 1,294 1,095 199 304 763 1,913 33 94 (') 1,873 8 698 23,843 40,802 167 161 6 84 260 229 1,209 1,194 16 1,131 1,523 4,254 3,241 333 2,908 1,825 1,344 481 103 736 1,607 1,343 246 18 45 171 455 1,148 1,121 27 872 6,312 1,336 130 4,416 208 16 91 2 5€ 11 19 472 373 574 391 183 301 760 342 (') 523 852 40 40 1 160 723 687 36 211 640 116 164 799 247 652 31 60 39 2,157 1,535 686 36 10 5 72 27 27 1,920 1,889 31 1,348 22 1,123 24 179 62 2 1,552 23 6 m 10 (») »869,I43,114 13,160,786 11,017 924,724 41,934,468 160,472,589 313,894 299,384 14,510 236,533 362,807 1,900 921,266 3,064,429 2,965,672 98,757 263,114 3,276,922 2,802,016 10,778,482 8,635,505 2,372,705 6,162,800 3,898,847 2,959,997 938,850 117,997 324,750 2,680,686 2,691,738 2,230,849 448,714 12,175 69,238 290,850 1,018,853 3,993,261 3,971,424 21,837 1,734,332 4,950,633 7,370,552 480,991 26,462,791 3,085,614 3,026,905 59,609 1,599,762 39,583 1,223,873 201,138 135,118 502,083 1,324,119 2,237,276 2,734,667 1,768,624 966,943 383,257 1,150,004 3,695,620 63,811 126,888 " No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES. OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 703 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! lu- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. J23,793,282 $44,479,413 tl82, 252, 284 $7,973,706 $3,496,634 $14,984,537 8569,328,043 $23,473,021 $1,086,162,432 $493,361,368 764,183 516,771 23,199 31,711 192,502 123,264 212,821 390 29,363 1,654,064 3,372,901 10,907 10,907 33,673 13,740 44,313 116,002 110,802 5,200 13,560 114,533 128,629 411,933 195,831 34,490 161,341 115,547 95,962 19,585 700 7,771 114,043 70,450 60,354 10,096 404,324 2,964 11,133 13,370,697 5,217,331 7,013 5,993 1,020 21,931 2,833 ■ 1,000 53,771 144,805 138,926 6,879 5,580 55,757 54,182 379,811 481,026 225,487 42,913 17,357 25,586 3,650 11,970 84,919 59,131 55,271 3,860 14,275 40,315 101,227 101,227 14,953 207,175 76,844 15,922 351,534 115,726 111,676 4,050 85,166 4,350 64,665 11,251 14,900 33,409 62,653 61,125 114,101 99,690 14,411 1,248 1,900 66,661 148,240 147,808 432 34,094 184,319 151,180 5,289 343,420 131,014 126,842 4,172 169,685 2,538 151,856 8,282 7,009 33,009 . 79,588 33,162 184,847 159, 606 25,341 1,456,438 3,936 306,059 19,412,428 38,380,041 111,750 107,117 4,633 104,024 113,348 800 241,711 932,241 914,514 17, 727 125,266 ■747,977 782,255 3,029,911 2,459,486 226,107 2,233,379 959,673 750,347 209,326 65,070 73,222 510,981 583,183 470,781 107,822 4,580 30,359 223,849 891, 778 872,390 19,388 629,366 3,905,314 974,813 87,948 3,404,598 929,318 910,497 18,821 715, 153 12,006 587,859 39, 126 76,162 49,632 315, 143 264,440 554,734 448,039 106,695 25 400 5,481 10,921 3,569,709 732 732 1,500 5,264 1,439 22,690 6,632 3,691 3,691 47,966 46,466 1,500 16,305- 2,470 2,470 "■■"so 2,202 2,202 1,165 1,093 750 259,853 23,236 23,235 1,650 'i,'556' 73 450 4,774 854 3,920 3,084 1,248 9,936 189,963 705,270 15,142 13,011 2,131 11,704 1,640 1,200 13,376 27,339 26,633 708 4,044 16,636 11,186 18,748 237,015 12.290 224,725 11,563 10,894 1,109 1,632 18,337 3,306 830 2,476 1,448 1,080 28,231 26,026 2,205 45,189 855 4,168 21,434 19,270 2,164 23,827 2,235 14,480 1,044 14,705 10, 549 2,183 106,862 96,965 1,656 28, 722 5,500 1,876 130,943 1,500 91,858 51,066 635,849 8,998 290,551 387,163 873,009 87,071 2,100 3,492 13,863 3,650 9,400 2,070 48,915 360 * Same number reported throughout the year. 98,357 27 7,624 348,617 1,536,088 3,074 3,058 16 2,587 4,147 116 5,148 26,892 25,788 1,104 3,021 30,607 24,075 97,612 78,721 13,221 66,600 23,055 16,055 7,000 1,059 3,993 21,013 16,254 14,186 2,035' 33 469 2,795 5,792 37,987 37,715 272 17,681 8,958 53,014 300 234,816 26,230 24,900 330 13,798 372 10,379 1,974 1,073 4,747 16,372 21,464 25,747 16,991 9,756 3,956 13, 139 27,532 675 1,159 2,530,301 3,60S^ 387,627 37,538,985 179,288,363 82,648 73,151 9,397 259, im 280,807 7,040 620,977 3,149,290 3,076,282 73,008 189,424 2,020,332 2,274,054 11,109,573 8,988,553 1,082,472 7,906,081 276,169 159,659 115,510 162,691 163,292 11,556,297 2,594,661 2,069,412 528,677 6,472 7,789 165,753 429,680 1,710,598 1,693,715 16,883 617,140 3,030,784 1,253,515 1,788,293 4,176,229 2,762,319 2,718,063 34,256 1, 176, 124 33,350 122,567 211,227 1,306,886 629, 179 4,866,967 2,775,720 1,778,824 440,538 859,054 1,876,817 113,047 26,687 109,657 117 12,669 854,274 1,533,773 7,699 6,954 746 2,240 3,988 266 .8,039 32,101 31,241 860 6,273 110,466 22,856 363,894 319,544 27,794 291, 750 560,960 433, 759 127,201 2,186 1,800 109,805 45,681 33,849 10,394 1,438 1,723 6,876 12,958 45,624 44,661 973 14,744 233,666 1,164,199 24,547 2,198,256 16,839 16,241 598 17,723 366 12,783 1,831 2,743 9.112 18,726 116,594 82,129 40,677 41,452 4,603 11,801 21,732 1,628 6,144 7,731,217 18, 750 1,059,966 71,540,077 326,748,945 358,225 332,623 25,602 601,915 636,756 16,300 1,261,748 6,357,161 5,230,680 126,471 393,771 3,747,876 3,580,741 16,868,726 16,000,068 2,044,869 13,955,199 2,474,465 1,898,376 576,089 267,765 348.434 13,479,297 4,421,946 3,630,504 75:4,287 17,156 68,794 324,043 970,486 3,450,784 3,391,593 59,191 1,326,474 7,569,197 4,529,026 2,030,753 13,891,415 4,734,976 4,649,194 85,781 2,660,507 57,502 1,992,509 227,296 383,200 1,617,989 1,354,669 6,039,547 4,842,801 3,039,808 1,802,993 718,982 2,047,704 4,981,581 148,666 106,307 5,091,259 15,025 659, 670 33,146,818 145,926,809 267,978 252,618 15,460 .240,519 251,961 9,004 632,732 2,175,760 2,123,157 52,603 199,074 1,617,079 1,283,832 5,395,258 6,691,971 934,603 5,757,368 1,638,336 1,304,958 333,378 102,888 183,342 1,813,196 1,781,704 1,537,243 235,216 152,414 627,848 1,694,562 1,653,227, 41,335 694,590 4,304,747 2,121,312 217,913 7,617,930 1,965,817 1,914,890 50,927 1,466,660 23,786 1,170,746 102,898 169,230 301,991 706,764 1,055,986 1,984,962 1,220,307 764,645 273,841 1,176,849 3,083,032 33,990 73,476 6,941 3 1,258 30,823 48,556 264 231 23 45 674 2,856 151 272 1,596 1,540 56 277 5,936 6,026 14,251 3,479 479 3,000 9,794 7,326 2,468 70 51 4,036 3,712 3,165 541 6 78 594 598 2,145 2,106 39 413 24,158 833 45,944 926 13 552 27 412 437 8,095 16,025 5 381 339 3,490 2,934 3 440 22,389 30,041 161 148 13 46 44 795 205 1,077 1,791 2,774 1,157 1,617 348 392 959 80 233 837 790 47 100 5,396 5,391 11,278 846 . 275 571 8,525 6,144 2,381 3,234 3,285 2,829 466 60O 726 726 125 4,176 19,262 797 38,163 740 740 145 125 20 710 1,791 1,253 579 674 266 '"668 90 66 288 126 250 163 87 15 13 107 190 143 41 6 18 7 208 190 18 551 201 12 3,505 102 102 25 2,000 60 40 270 695 686 87 539 568 2,685 2,607 204 2,303 917 917 237 193 44 1,194 1,173 21 288 3,868 2,696 , 24 4,216 198 186 12 407 27 287 28 66 205 278 1,491 570 921 54 350 266 72 158 110 4,256 8,227 13 110 110 1,597 108 3,798 1,078 1,078 281 275 116 35 236 32 10 2,297 10,5.33 46 7,466 57 67 140 56 245 263 437 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 ;49 50 51 62 s Same number reported for one or more other months. « None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 704 MANUFACTURES. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE. AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS- OR INDtrSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies. Druggists' prepai-ations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating '. Emery and other abrasive wheels Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fled. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Rattan, willow, and metal Store and office fixtures Gas and electric fixtures , Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines and gas and water meters. Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hair work , Hand stamps Hardware Builders' hardware All other Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods. Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel forgings Jewelry Labels and tags Lamps Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Lime Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Looking-glass and picture frames ... Lubricating greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg j>lanlng mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds . , Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos ^ . . Oil, essential " * 14 162 13 9 21 9 110 15 35 3,718 1,408 6 12 35 80 1,057 110 446 62 2,176 1,144 18 3 151 93 22 9 6 5 5 2 4 113 78 48 12 5,210 115 17 8 178 5 400 4 188 7 4,427 91 8 252- 4 16 11 9 212 10 427 54 2,353 6 515 6 174 9 194 5 100 28 1,370 56 2,572 41 64 569 215 1,683 502 15 58 429 35 20,714 664 5,689 14,461' 643 331 10 26 296 33 876 31 131 714 33 1,302 60 116 1,137 49 597 19 38 640 48 17,608 554 5,279 11,775 380 16 192 157 231- 16,447 14,876 13 86 65 12 491 438 8 764 661 11 400 347 14,70fe 13,364 12 23 8 613 1,069 99 9 12 7 12 41 8 62 41 . 8 11 42 10 419 923 66 59 7 3,300 197 2 3 161 13 498 24 290 9 2,349 J48- 12 153 6 13 6 3 125 9 138 7 9 8 2 112 5 25 4 3 6 12 8 21 6 15 5 34 843 249 594 91 10 10 3 7 9 3 31 11 20 1 1 39 16 23 5 1 21 9 12 3 19 742 210 532 73 34 11 12 9 3,036 512 1,073 811 19 1 92 24 31 32 110 29 35 50 101 15 16 11 2,714 443 991 718 11 605 2 19 23 9 552 25 5 5 10 202 117 574 205 28 1 4 4 14 8 11 19 7 2 18 7 12 8 10 12 143 98 631 163 23 2,971 2 70 94 32 2,773 8 70 4 172 2,593 16 297 54 6 35 5 7 8 177 5 255 3 29 150 2,097 10 259 28 8 4 16 7 13 11 2 8 477 217 23,106 6,028 473 181 502 317 526 366 117 220 21,488 4,944 111 23 13 691 368 136 122 25 9 42 26 7 47 24 1 19 15 8 461 278 111 120 8 29 609 211 343 141 4 31 29 8 27 32 6 3 16 4 13 391 189 269 3 11 191 2 9 9 139 14 6 11 26 12 53 1,063 110 2 62 37 7 73 1 26 2 926 38 0C3 120 Ja 2,231 My 1, 252 Mh Ap 131 91 My 5,324 De 100 Ap 243 Oc 31 Oc 1,410 Jy 2,028 Ja 607 Mh 6, 166 Ap 12,861 De 609 No 220 Fe 14,266 Mh Se Ja Je Se Ja Au No Jas 507 940 79 2,591 156 143 118 16 20 Ja 3 216 Fe 593 Au' 77 Oc '/e Ap No Des Oc My Ja 2,828 704 1,193 • 875 641 151 108 630 186 Fe 2,865 My Je Se No Mh3 204 2,371 30 299 30 Fe 24,300 Je 5,273 Jy Mh Oc Ja3 Au Jes Fe Mh Au 545 308 163 490 193 297 12 162 997 120 De 12,670 De 308 Ja 902 Je 51 No 2,157 Mh 141 De No Au Aus 18 Jys 206 Au 458 Ja 64 Ja 2,616 Fe 214 No 746 Au 620 Au De De 484 137 94 464 129 Oc 2,711 Fe 85 Fe 1,894 Fes 2 Ja 198 De 25 De 17,540 Ja 4,516 Fe Ja Au De Aua Ja De3 No No Fe» 345 260 51 278 183 217 8 124 120 2,175 1,139 110 70 4,660 99 177 28 1,432 1,908 16,979 530 4,863 10,586 527 208 14, 363 13,226 212 926 77 2,237 146 113 105 12 21 735 210 625 2,660 461 966 634 152 454 154 2,726 153 2,024 16 249 23,567 4,853 466 264 105 420 189 245 874 124 111 9 1,019 324 5 19 ■ 11 23 79 19 33 549 426 1,143 810 103 61 11 4 •2 2 1 4,647 75 97 9 2 1 -1 1,392 1,358 15,633 630 7 1 19 1 4,659 10,344 238 25 197 229 282 183 529 430 30 69 23 4 6 13 4 1 ...... 13,764 12,726 182 61 60 9 9 856 54 1 2 233 146 104 9 105 12 2 72 66 6 18 1,972 18 660 144 1 3 516 51 3 649 461 10 29 966 626 588 7 4 13 37 51 61 1 1 17 ■"■76' 1 125 62 13 1 403 90 2,724 152 2 1 1 1,999 6 169 25 8 10 1 ...... 23,488 4,757 464 36 62 2 48 82 7 43 31 ...... 216 22 410 189 3 1 229 8 15 1 8 27 1 ...... 133 847 124 ^ Owned power only. 1376,605 12,797,223 2,651,519 77,384 164,783 13,320,820 106,145 241,662 110,790 10,049,641 6,495,414 49,834,654 1,784,352 5,346,425 42,703,877 1,476,303 210,125 32,900,916 30,151,092 952,395 1,797,429 112,836 49,188,848 277,527 162,274 496,140 9,S77 13,794 1,179,245 566,707 612,538 88,695 5,295,653 1,408,771 9,802,954 2,482,433 1,543,144 245,644 156,772 1,216,498 319,273 19,002,119 619,952 17,263,699 77,850 363,664 311,785 42,163,112 16,019,667 1,233,541 939,996 72,318 1,634,370 317,471 195,500 4,312 293,188 6,446,110 368,876 Digitized by Microso 2 Includes rant^ power, other than electric. MICHIGAN. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 705 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. = Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horsfr* power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. aerks, etc. .■Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal -revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 ■Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Conttoued. $14,222 215,735 218,363 15,930 403,551 8,800 28,246 11,261 236,764 220,395 1,897,527 80,004 274,853 1,642,670 63,735 16,237 1,265,195 1,133,749 38,486 82,960 10,424 282,790 18,729 16,296 2,800 2,029 71,892 21,982, 49,910 960 187,799 30,048 116,018 79,916 46,102 19,090 12,140 48,906 46,072 267,499 13,600 36,665 12,935 937,940 53,610 40,370 10,182 49,094 27,730 35,563 15,240 118,132 16,800 I {24, 169 1,858,023 143,006 6,186 9,104 548,256 7,208 16,141 9,481 245,665 734,851 1,976,981 93,625 141,044 1,742,412 95,622 7,984 1,286,172 1,140,628 66,565 78,979 17,522 512,846 64,318 9,418 9,305 2,500 1,040 62,366 28,752 23,614 16,600 136,105 26,218 41,851 79,439 26,413 11,868 11,724 61,892 20,989 154,900 6,630 307,018 18,803 18,203 514, 164 449,663 63,995 33,630 6,513 40,779 10,473 11,978 27,891 107,348 3,400 I 870,366 1,351,696 666,486 86,664 22,961 3,387,286 72,015 94,184 12,297 869,640 1,110,048 12,444,035 376,287 3,861,963 8,205,785 182,648 67,140 8,569,624 7,776,716 261,134 631, 674 40,964 1,684,126 113,460 88,098 83,042 6,550 13,303 439, 794 122,661 317, 143 49,305 1,006,335 389,323 781,852 497,999 476,399 106, 158 62,366 403,626 77,761 1,738,851 87,823 1,702,740 2,500 126,366 18,665 11,148,312 3,002,386 390,448 161,886 65,463 245,999 114,003 235,008 4,870 95,115 587,466 17,277 $23,000 200 5,409 50 91,408 385 7,222 9,062 137, 128 29,869 17,309 89,950 6,198 5,023 233,811 217,977 15,834 19,424 3,963 60 33 1,795 1,796 4,515 205 3,066 4,670 6,000 2,714 13,104 1,672,305 22,361 27,161 8,325 601 300 40 188 $2,230 68,829 18,627 9,018 1,620 167,493 6,392 5,536 2,169 27,322 26,374 178,011 2,056 39, 068 136, 987 34,729 7,191 59, 711 60,298 1,500 7,913 4,995 2,004 3,300 6,480 786 3,871 3,270 12,115 1,660 10,565 5,050 13,165 180 427 4,169 14,160 2,900 780 6,100 1,200 3,100 262 3,330 224 22,857 35,375 10,'%1 4,645 9,312 27,659 4,411 10,794 1,296 6,150 1,960 $2,909 148,030 19,531 647 2,957 96,493 506 2,862 1,329 110,786 71,943 411,407 24,288 57,053 330,066 8,137 1,843 345,345 323,393 6,799 16,163 666 462,449 3,854 2,089 2,220 86 113 12,242 6,900 6,342 465 51,432 11,163 121,186 16,379 15,800 1,720 1,117 13,670 3,049 196,616 2,180,989 1,075 4,483 2,212 920,497 173,648 10,397 9,752 979 15,336 3,161 2,069 64 2,854 20,094 2,711 I $143,838 5,064,288 1,695,318 27,549 117,205 5,797,979 35, 716 151,517 105, 136 23,063,453 6,721,217 14,703,132 924,639 2,806,862 10,971,631 804,858 276,969 12, 127, 961 10,844,662 424,996 858,313 141, 109 1,029,680 124,478 167,709 214,124 4,858 14,261 622,331 175,391 446,940 108,466 2,537,436 30, 566 2,330,237 730,895 707,997 156, 164 78,529 779,097 442,116 20,691,334 59, 161 4,004,023 2,805 188, 849 192,641 13,878,808 12,040,383 612,455 609,803 104,146 802,835 336,529 58,904 6,500 43,479 1,104,169 220,628 $4, 152 66,188 44,230 10,477 5,923 163,653 2,671 4,249 524 245,718 317,898 1,096,401 34, 427 438,490 622,484 13,097 2,322 391,476 350,700 16,213 24,663 2,246 2,326,514 4,461 26,006 161 194 27,131 4,685 22,446 1,436 72,999 97, 771 1,646,342 140,046 98,870 2,052 2,523 13, 141 2,880 290,913 72,451 324,005 286 6,000 4,737 229,861 167,816 24,369 9,241 942 15,732 6,046 7,247 66 3,966 24,290 4,994 $328,996 11,738,662 3,415,500 179,615 226,003 12,369,172 166,303 356,902 180,837 27,381,474 16,005,282 39,428,783 1,554,«92 8,696,469 29,177,632 1,679,920 419,677 30,184,642 27,037,615 1,081,409 2,065,618 271,772 10,440,641 443,853 291,062 426,003 25,928 46,668 1,591,386 549,237 1,042,148 216,994 5,232,985 764,966 6,460,063 1,716,361 1,492,842 407,286 203,470 1,822,693 664,492 25,503,673 317,724 16,041,247 11,060 486,328 300,949 33,873,367 19-, 767, 966 1,561,481 877, 136 248,790 1,695,666 640,741 431,628 17,300 328,702 2,416,999 491,842 $181,006 6,609,186 1,676,952 141,589 101,875 6,407,640 118,017 201,136 76, 177 4,082,303 8,966,167 23,630,250 695,626 5,451,107 17,583,517 861,965 140,386 17, 666, 105 16,842,163 640,200 1, 182, 742 128,417 7,084,447 314,914 130, 127 184,873 20,909 32,213 941,923 369, 161 572, 762 110, 103 2,622,660 636,620 1,673,484 846,410 686,975 249, 070 122,418 1,030,356 219,496 .4,621,326 186, 112 10,713,219 7,969 292,479 103,871 19,764,708 7, 659, 766 924, 667 358,092 143,702 877, 099 199, 166 365,377 10,744 281,267 1,287,540 266,220 1,800 1,684 362 164 9,062 50 200 6 36,321 9,760 1,740 6,986 26,804 503 104 25,404 23,043 407 1,954 34,935 118 127 1 11 879 283 696 10 3,373 4,433 14, 045 4,688 1,632 64 66 924 156 6,787 653 13, 039 5 264 79,422 26,642 1,644 617 16 814 442 267 1 76 1,481 619 1,480 126 100 1,724 125 15,008 4,964 13,984 1,328 3,089 9,667 275 12 21,749 19,884 290 1,575 23 17 163 62 559 2,096 50 1,606 35 30 1,541 34,000 25 285 240 60 180 1,431 2,310 13,405 2,900 675 280 5,680 535 10,074 250 148 76,207 20,969 405 200 275 310 1,430 404 119 71 48 160 13,369 130 405 308 12 770 646 28 672 136 158 40 215 35 370 5 510 385 125 370 "640 978 316 109 303 1,295 310 64 6,752 50 75 6 4,848 4,616 19,534 377 3,831 16,326 223 3,026 2,703 117 206 627 106 102 177 1 11 696 213 382 10 802 2,123 1,788 867 64 47 644 120 1,082 112 2,316 5 14 133 1,565 3,660 1,103 317 16 371 52 267 1 76 61 82101°— 18- -45 'Same number reported for one or more other montbs. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1,579 30 2,656 5 931 6,949 165 1,697 6,197 10 3,866 3,322 210 334 422 88 3,090 390 2,622 6,542 1,639 118 26 164 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 706 MANUFACTURES. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber 0{ estab- Ush- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EABNEB3 DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPEESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried ofli- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, ete. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum montb. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper exclusively Paper and pulp Patent medicines and compounds. . , Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pottery Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing- . . B ook publishing without printing Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing andjpublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pumps, not including power pumps. Pumps, steam and other power Refrigerators Saddlery and harness Salt Sand-lime brick Sausage Saws Scales and balances Shipbuilding, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildmg. New vessels and repair work Small boats Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Sporting and athletic goods Springs, steel, ear and carriage, not made in steel works or roUing mills. Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Steam paclcing 1 , Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and hot-air furnaces , Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces and flreless cookers. Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling miUs. Sugar, beet Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff. Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified Toys and games Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes , Vinegar and cider Vinegar , Cider ^ 1 Owned power only. 21 37 28 9 102 9 25 12 13 6 404 377 7 10 10 47 606 107 6 195 1,108 6,451 4,529 1,922 1,690 607 301 174 840 375 6,189 4,769 83 196 141 6,166 2,312 3,338 516 12 47 293 1,681 467 1,595 163 105 88 307 1,010 193 227 490 222 1,318 106 308 66 1,244 54 87 4,528 3,668 292 1,727 1,762 784 2,116 8,308 448 229 27 179 70 109 5 377 767 19 500 248 4 13 663 19 5 13 3 73 13 60 7 56 144 100 44 108 14 26 13 31 13 11 356 100 201 55 1 1 15 43 16 52 18 2 5 9 27 106 75 31 20 87 25 117 24 22 248 188 137 61 213 19 34 18 65 259 7 ■147 5 1,293 829 378 21 131 27 1 97 9 7 489 361 128 21 220 300 26 277 168 18 20 106 62 62 10 164 227 187 164 225 91 1 2 5 21 5 47 33 141 695 6,051 4,234 1,817 1,029 570 165 129 709 339 3,690 64 2 114 3,270 1,200 2,034 246 1,561 328 1,434 136 69 46 276 935 168 158 411 410 140 1,112 78 252 638 41 1,095 35 70 3,832 3,170 242 1,371 1,326 717 1,780 7,295 372 251 184 17 87 45 42 Fe Ap 164 782 Oo 4,299 Oc 1,916 Mh 1,124 Au 848 De Oc Ap Mh 205 138 770 483 Mh 3,806 Mh 72 My» 11 Oc 121 Au 3,549 Je 45 Ja« ^h ' 107 De 1,250 My 2,061 37 My« De » Je' 38 Se 267 Mh 1,840 My 347 Oc 1,621 Au Oo Ja Mh 176 77 55 294 My 1,340 My 250 Ap 204 Mh 456 Ap 438 Jy 158 De 1,174 My 83 Mh* 278 Se 758 Ap 994 Je 45 Mh 1,272 Se 62 De 77 Mh Oc Mh Au 3,615 285 1,617 Oc 4,585 Mh 917 My 1,869 Se 7,468 Mh 407 Oo 303 207 17 No No 84 147 De 124 664 Se 4,176 Ja 1,637 De Ja Ja De 945 318 146 123 631 Au 234 Ja 1,166 Au -2,004 Ja» Ja« 33 Ja» Ja 220 Se 915 Fe 315 Fe 1,326 De Ap« De 65 42 240 De 90 De 105 Au 305 Ja 386 Fe 119 Ap 1,022 Ja 71 J? No N? Je Ja 49S 791 36 927 De 2,227 Ja 691 No 208 De 1,149 Mh No No No Fe De C) 249 657 1,702 6,743 336 224 163 17 Ja> My 8 129 637 6,146 4,309 1,837 572 716 206 133 664 384 3,887 3,718 47 11 111 3,611 1,605 2,069 37 8 36 237 1,650 348 1,421 136 70 46 268 360 30O 149 161 466 408 151 1,243 81 247 710 816 1,003 60 70 3,887 3,242 645 1,371 4,611 703 1,756 7.8 375 276 163 17 190 72 118 61 667 6,203 3,465 1,738 485 716 61 68 99 75 6 1 2 1 1 1 6 7 65 127 643 139 4 21 114 950 915 18 3 14 522 89 426 7 .. . 1 2 1 270 2,880 2,746 29 51 51 6 6 g 97 3,011 1,414 1,568 29 s 34 2 31 1 44 '"i'i 35 237 1,603 327 3 21 96 44 1,325 185 1 5 15 . 30 1 360 297 148 149 2 ....„ 403 4 29 2 11 52 5 61 1 1 404 122 1,241 68 195 2 705 761 38 4 98S 60 18 ...... 1 7 7 3,850 3,205 645 30 30 242 1,363 4,490 418 21 285 1,185 5,993 5 47 32 12 13 12 1 8 470 1,547 364 226 123 5 16 23 6 2 6 85 300 "'2 177 60 117 $390,167 7,223,601 22,953,000 15,161,668 7,791,342 3,847,798 4,253,886 528,315 132,485 2,004,085 601,438 6,860,748 6,264,222 177,029 173,428 8,597,065 3,881,962 4,458,635 23,701 103,579 788,822 3,272,082 1,082,509 8,061,144 601,202 139,585 133,614 616,397 5,868,876 830,900 507,123 323,777 308,907 927,689 593,242 4,252,977 648,657 532,042 1,073,321 1,510,186 30,025 2,272,775 47,646 86,253 11,460,120 9,459,259 2,000,861 975,349 3,864,329 26,488,262 1,791,893 4,820,010 6,204,665 947,295 355,112 412,256 18,396 601,398 417,973 183,425 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 707 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value , added'' by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Oerks, etc. ■Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.» Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $13,300 222,681 448,815 319,932 128,883 262, 741 39,196 55,506 26,169 70,737 23,300 608,350 £54,049 12,256 26,856 15,189 665,230 241,601 341,527 82,202 2,446 1,500 34, 971 128,210 19,466 . 118,939 18,860 3,120 8,367 21,840 20,591 3,948 16,643 33,084 41,670 37,502 103,166 12,900 17,548 52,715 84,818 7,920 69,360 8,222 11,500 396,351 305,726 90,626 41,329 205,044 170,642 35,869 115,757 145,854 41,515 30,660 24,359 6,400 18,175 13,200 4,975 $18,670 532,204 238, 455 166,091 72,364 367,1-71 22, 130 78,736 24,333 65,010 23,538 630,071 413,658 10,769 194,657 10,987 1,469,600 898, 897 443,725 126,978 80 4,000 27,226 6S, 862 27,738 167,450 6,695 6,788 21,275 14,647 39,219 17,524 6,696 11, 828 35,304 62,008 37,249 157, 739 15, 140 17,501 20,134 41,663 612 119, 985 7,904 11,921 716,800 648,360 167,440 66,252 276,042 304,023 41,289 319,308 280,274 37, 677 17,000 12,034 720 2,896 2,216 $76, 201 489, 897 3,559,470 2; 468, 091 1,091,379 558,016 442, 817 84,519 131, 936 464,450 198, 606 2,621,231 2,475,871 31,459 600 113,301 2,333,351 1,076,999 1,229,365 26,987 5,800 20, 160 196, 059 928,805 197,044 990,738 86, 557 45,200 30, 428 200,416 810, 473 229,043 111,824 117,219 164, 881 272,071 94,909 769, 514 49, 279 127,552 471,873 634,273 44,387 795, 982 24,728 58, 769 2,794,624 2,300,451 ^94,073 193,639 1,038,744 931, 667 366, 754 699, 728 3,079,464 271, 135 149, 486 104, 122 7,229 50,404 29,641 20,763 $42, 214 42, 214 1,330 17,548 127, 170 55, 418 1,580 69,310 426,948 6,948 70, U9 349, 881 339 170 152 19,256 19,965 3,180 35 5,693 5,246 447 23,215 48,975 8,500 600 430 1,690 877 3,673 3,573 "5,' 983 33,046 1,251 3,700 8,649 $4,893 17,486 18, 037 18,037 4,335 2,203 2,132 29,743 1,200 13,915 12,959 2/902 213, 687 200,999 2,180 4,844 5,684 172,888 41,898 117,023 13,967 2,370 112 772 240 21, 193 250 3,208 3,229 3,100 5,592 432 5,160 17, 559 4,447 2,700 1,590 6,708 16,740 2,160 4,625 2,845 5,479 5,280 5,2?a 1,516 13, 156 360 21,514 107,553 12,624 3,669 8,780 7,280 1,707 910 797 $2, 161 64,239 241, 293 151,309 39, 192 23,034 7,537 1,439 13,773 1,337 60, 866 1,319 3,422 1,080 93,530 49,902 41,917 1,711 588 12, 616 31,307 10,048 42, 438 5,811 1,019 585 4,183 37,210 7,343 5,192 2,151 2,652 7,695 4,162 25,051 5,453 4,863 15,293 17,624 180 15,646 169 535 96,310 87, 244 9,066 8,059 34,200 139,223 12, 195 2,341,142 1,270,455 10,434 2,104 5,098 187 6,855 4,268 1,587 $126,397 3,271,453 13,077,332 10,468,051 2,609,281 1,452,537 290,037 393, 418 37, 440 917,038 109,994 2,976,893 2,909,244 38, 789 13,030 16, 830 3,215,882 1,842,870 1,302,737 70,275 5,546 39,146 190,963 1, 817^ 660 786,729 1,398,913 74,799 461, 850 24, 494 201,055 242,967 75,485 167,472 222,833 461,865 175,598 18,744,135 364,450 134, 485 1,116,063 869,872 4,629 1,049,769 44,112 35,782 3,043,472 2,074,585 968, 887 532,593 2,143,854 5,761,344 1,002,940 3,465,215 6,436,451 337,629 240,644 169,670 27,019 241,982 150,810 91,172 .$2,577 61,362 1,467,613 1,034,102 433,511 23,317 90,861 3,808 3,499 36,826 " 15,991 1106, 896 99,623 2,217 5,056 127,677 55,719 70,630 1,328 313 1,019 9,847 24, 136 8,197 668, 207 20,609 7,483 3,021 6,639 60,412 8,484 2,743 6,741 3,847 10, 850' 3,327 69, 730 8,040 8,564 66,652 42,939 315 79,923 355 4,405 126,041 104,228 21,813 12,515 62,722 483,041 20, 791 35,093 16, 137 5,079 3,504 132 10,646 4,367 6,179 $288,234 6,110,200 22,049,990 16,999,138 5,050,852 3,871,014 1,228,604 824,096 338,429 1,914,139 434,841 9,380,560 8,663,600 145, 362 332,042 239,.556 12,290,227 6,271,929 5,082,201 936,097 28,199 80,210 637,251 3,672,499 1,328,575 4,420,772 264,854 601, 178 126, 865 612,022 2,261,069 561,488 204,371 357,117 671, 255 1,034,636 666,058 20,666,737 622,446 482,047 2,174,967 1,843,049 76, 895 2,915,323 99, 245 161,418 9,668,368 7,600,286 2,158,083 1,098,371 4,HJ8,366 11,023,058 1,759,382 8,545,154 12,121,862 859,144 529,373 432, 487 66,769 485,311 303,759 181,562 $159,260 2,777,385 7,505,045 5, 496, 985 2,008,060 2,395,160 847,706' ^426, 870 297, 490 960,275 308, 856 6,296,771 5,654,733 104,356 319,012 218,670 8,946,668 4,373,340 3,708,834 864,494 22,340 40,046 436, 441 1,830,713 533, 649 2,353,652 169,446 131, 845 99,360 404, 328 1,253,767 310,047 126, 143 183,904 344,575 571,920 387,133 1,851,872 159, 966 338,998 992,242 • 930,238 71,951 1, 785, 631 54, 778 121, 231 6,488,855 5,321,472 1,167,383 563,263 2,711,790 4,778,673 735, 651 5,044,846 6,658,818 505,378 283,650 259,313 39,618 232,783 148,582 84,201 84 2,643 62,528 41,058 21,470 50 1,544 48, 187 35,297 12,890 34 793 1,637 927 710 1,076 14,922 10,364 4,568 206 1,225 925 300 11,479 3,909 7,570 821 9,046 73 86 1,391 574 4,221 30 30 189 217 4,656 43 86 361 365 815 ""sre 1,030 319 6,679 40 494 279 6,158 10 370 25 2 3,971 48 464 30 25 2 3,480 18 370 2,660 2,660 5,271 178 683 38 4,372 63 2,412 2,821 12 166 9 674 ""zi 2,391 1,943 63' 38 12 63 363 2,800 212 8,316 38 12 1 38 98 207 1,160 76' 503 ""'699' ■■■■325' 2,700 '"7,'i56' 62 2 5 1,392 219 144 298 4,617 1,392 98 70 100 4,625 8 10 113 64 198 92 "2," 241' 2,948 2,373 298 16 261 2,433 515 136 845 69 3,056 245 749 1,000 2,290 83 37 261 ...... 106 155 59 467 42 225 345 826' i 357 465 2,585 203 512 625 4 12 30 1,918 1,100 16 803 400 6 1,232 5 96 ""483' 1,128 8 29 177 29 177 5,441 4,789 662 4,670 4,395 276 144 132 12 33 '"'33' 594 262 332 1,560 1,485 75 476 3,257 475 2,358 ""836' 870 29 10,306 479 1,082 10,256 394 707 41 75 14 10 io' 361 696 142 469 4,061 961 ""245" 81 125 3,980 591 1 198 94 6 1,349 323 1,026 150 48 20 28 46 6 198 110 88 30 17 7' 7 896 191 705 235 22 213 20 '"'26' < Nono reported for one or more other months. & Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 708 MANUFACTURES. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDCSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber ot estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- teud- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. - Wall plaster Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. Wire rope, cable, and woven- wire fencing. All other Wood distillation Wood, tuwied and carved Wooden goods, notelsewherespecified Woolen goods All other industries * 13 776 2 26 87 31 631 8 812 1 16 73 20 702 33 1,576 16 67 128 51 1,314 11 822 2 26 95 30 669 22 754 14 41 33 21 645 10 709 31 30 3 645 45 661 39 26 9 11 576 32 1,912 24 47 75 19 1,747 9 609 6 10 11 6 477 323 22,997 240 717 3.474 1,178 17,388 Ap Ja 718 754 Ap llh 775 692 Au 702 Mh 69fi Fe 1,954 De 520 De Se 544 680 De 525 664 Jy 609 De 474 My 1,591 Au 448 544 685 1,272 657 615 676 591 1,766 628 17, 114 516 608 1,178 656 522 676 571 1,201 317 14,257 28 177 85 1 84 17 540 211 2,788 36 S3,579,337 1,321,221 6,058,621 3,948,419 1,110,202 3,164,001 1,013,124 2,660,405 1,304,476 71,183,961 * All other industries embrace- Aluminum ware 1 Ammunition 1 Artificial flowers 1 Artists' materials 1 Babbitt metal 4 Bags, other than paper 2 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills 1 Baking powders and yeast 7 Belting, leather 4 Belting, woven 1 Billiard tables and materials 3 Bluing 4 Boot and shoe findings 1 Buttons 2 Canning and preserving, fish 3 Card cutting and designing 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 2 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 6 Charcoal, not including production in the lumber and wood distillation industries 2 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 2 Cleansing and polishing prepara- tions 10 Clocks '. 2 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 1 Clothing, horse 2 Coke, not including gas-house coke... 1 Dental goods 1 2 Dyestuffs and extracts 1 Enameling 3 Engraving and diesinking 7 Engraving, wood 3 Envelopes 3 Explosives 1 Feathers and plumes 1 Fertilizers 3 Files 2 Firearms 2 Flags and banners 2 Flaxandhemp, dressed 1 Foundry supplies 3 Fuelj.manufactured 1 Furs, dressed 3 Glass 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 3 Glucose and starch l Gold and silver, reducing and refiniog, not from the ore 2 Graphite, ground and refined 1 Grindstones 2 Hats, fur-telt 1 Hats, straw 1 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 10 Iiik, printing 2 Ink, writing 3 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 DETEOIT-AU industries 2,036 120,075 1,540 3,725 11,208 3,999 99,603 Mh 105,164 De 89,819 96, 776 79,684[l6,127 452 513 $293,493,334 ? 16 90 32 7 8 9 6 4 11 10 38 2'75 7 268 4 4 5 27 7 7 13 19 11 8 5 7 32 5 ~68 17 20 10 3 14 13 101 14,270 23,640 60 171 145 1,058 271 400 406 4,296 2,416 359 2,057 91 53 80 318 1,672 21 1,869 1,123 1,047 76 81 134 666 69 2,231 397 773 110 93 2,707 243 9 30 2 9 5 5 4 6 10 3 16 302 4 298 6 6 1 37 ...... 11 14 , 6 8 12 33 6 67 13 5 13 ...... 10 U 369 610 5 20 8 16 4 16 21 105 45 13 32 3 ...... 11 36 4 23 16 14 1 7 4 22 1 92 25 53 6 6 76 9 4 601 1,968 3 27 3 29 3 10 5 208 168 65 103 "226' 671 '■5 6 44 2 12 8 87 61 10 41 77 13,050 20,389 33 114 123 965 266 352 369 3,880 1,860 267 1,583 82 45 56 265 1,489 5 1,646 1,070 1,006 64 40 102 460 61 1,957 330 691 85 78 2,303 181 Je mS Ap Je Mh Au Se8 My De Mh 96 14,226 22,336 62 169 155 1,071 263 365 394 4,133 Fe 64 De 10,923 Jy 17,205 Au 26 De 85 No 96 My 802 My 249 Se 342 Fe 338 De 3,607 79 12,073 19,935 36 82 106 . 905 253 366 415 3,684 1,887 260 1,627 94 45 64 266 1,362 6 1,670 873 813 60 42 100 613 62 1,840 330 689 85 70 2,658 195 78 11,726 19,675 36 57 45 652 68 109 387 3,536 1,535 166 1,369 94 44 54 251 1,332 6 163 76 66 9 29 78 190 62 1,531 322 402 80 51 2,645 134 "326' 226 1 19 33 "'2' 1 138,627 21,103,624 61,726,935 57; 228 139,862 110,858 1,246,772 164,021 439,121 916,191 9,127,528 4,225,767 1,002,651 3,223,116 92,901 65,038 260,321 611,377 9,785,610 12,741 2,469,238 767,292 720,552 46,740 338,172 160,825 675,266 129,153 3,467,665 782,005 1,845,481 52,711 164,783 5,256,373 616,147 3 4 Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles 5 Automobile repairing. 6 25 55 338 165 235 66 340 94' 246 7 S Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes 3 9 10 6 28 77 9 3 6 20 16 5 3 4 10 Boxes, fancy and paper 11 12 Brass, bronze, and copper products. . 14 Biscuits and crackers . Je Oc Au3 Je Au Ja Se3 Fe 310 1,620 134 45 62 279 1,613 7 1,938 Ap 234 Fe3 1,632 De 39 (') 45 No 60 Ta3 233 De 1,387 Je! 3 Jy 1,425 15 Another 9 3 16 Brick, building 17 Brooms, from broom com 1 8 8 135 5 110 18 15 3 28 ' 14 28 ""'si' 17 80 4 5 250 39 1 7 7 12 1 79 6 6 ■ "e" 2 22 1 34 12 44 2 4 74 4 1 18 Butter 19 Carriages and wagons and materials. 14 27 1 1,617 792 741 61 13 20 305 ?0 1 2 ?1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 99 ?1 2 2 4 4 24 ?5 Shirt waists, dresses, and vn-ap- pers. . Another Ja Jy8 De Jy De Jy Ap3 Jy My Se Oc 1,856 69 42 105 618 73 ■2,173 348 656 95 91 2,658 185 Jy 524 De 54 Ja 38 Ocs 100 Ja 427 My 51 De 1,689 No 317 Fe 532 Ja 74 Se 67 Ja 1,538 Au 3 176 ''ft Coffee, roasting and grinding Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Confectionery 27 1 1 1 17 79 Cooperage 30 31 32 33 Copper, tin, and sheet-iroH products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating 304 2 182 3 19 11 61 5 6 4 2 1 34 Emery and other abrasive wheels Engines, steam, gas, and water Food preparations, not elsewhere 35 3« 2 1 Owned power only. > Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 709 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- Officials. aerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, ' includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and • mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- 'ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. {60,570 V 63,176 128,839 57,192 71,647 101,475 46,013 113,090 20,725 1,994,576 {145,924 64,252 207,150 152,585 54,565 31,917 10,417 86,896 14, 456 5,196,809 $421,220 295,374 788,227 429,446 358,781 414,721 317,731 780,655 229,943 11,207,975 {15,000 923 2,968 2,968 18,297 300 81,650 736,780 $2,520 7,810 14,406 3,874 10,532 8,798 4,421 1,361 233,980 $19,444 10,862 44,890 31,587 13,303 43, 268 8,631 31, 930 11, 142 1,747,405 $692, 187 969,937 3,864,574 3,271,098 593,476 1,354,680 323,967 1,607,349 758,893 52,816,242 $150,742 13,545 53,558 23,738 353,089 15, 119 10, 677 33,844 2,949,803 $2,073,741 1,754,750 5,891,274 4,474,288 1,416,986 2,678,151 949,751 3, 119, 971 1, 215, 467 92,944,054 $1,330,812 771,268 1,973,142 1,173,370 799,772 970,382 610, 665 1,601,945 ' 422, 730 37,178,009 4,295 1,149 2,269 1,599 670 2,644 2,901 6,968 1,311 47,686 1,725 985 1,078 818 260 1,815 2,650 6,689 800 33,494 133 12 106 41 490 20 25 25 800 2,562 164 1,184 781 403 666 319 148 445 12,902 290 10 530 345 185 1,271 138 88 75 15,820 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 8 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 3 ron and steel, doors and shutters.... 2 Lasts 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Linen goods 1 Liquors, distilled 1 Lithographing 6 Malt 3 Matches 1 ilats and matting, from cocoa fiber andgrass I JCnerals and earths, ground. 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 4 Musical instruments, organs 3 Musicalinstruments, piano materials. 2 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes. . . 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor. 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified.. 11 Paper patterns 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Pens, steel 1 Photographic apparatus 1 Photographic materials 2 Pickles , preserves, and sauces 39 Pipes, tobacco 1 Prmtmg and publishing, music 3 Pulp, from fiber other than wood 1 Pulp wood 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 5 Rubber goods, not elsewhere spedfled 6 Rules, ivory and wood 2 Screws, machine i Sewing machines and attachments... 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 2 Smelting and refining, copper 4 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 4 Sodarwater apparatus 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 4 Stencils and brands 2 Surgical appliances 7 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 4 Type founding 1 Typewriters 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 7 Varnishes 6 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 6 Waste 3 Watch cases 1 Whips 1 Windmills 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 13 Wood preserving l CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $10,186,829 $16,094,871 $69,446,759 $1,580,608 $1,669,979 $7,078,424 $216,802,396 $5,446,476 $400,347,912 $178,099,040 180,608 100,547 2,592 155 77,314 36,940 1 10,221 992,042 2,180,703 6,800 24,683 14,254 42,332 6,300 34,499 50,147 343,006 106,302 14,785 91,517 3,837 3,037 785,229 2,607,378 ■ 2 580 18,556 8,432 73,169 4,056 19,405 12,309 315,085 301,653 119,882 181,771 48,677 10,242,630 16,126,914 23,299 80,263 58,791 430,197 98,792 144,452 234,625 2,485,339 1,200,261 98,611 1,101,650 67,388 36,574 40,104 182,310 1,105,868 2,103 743,499 484,260 459,554 24,706 29,032 66,967 229,864 39,049 1,162,840 254,488 334,444 67,032 42,961 1,941,903 '90,555 790 7,688 18,369 4,996 157,757 81,476 1,176 6,040 7,910 22,433 3,540 14,836 3,394 16,304 108,529 11,810 96,719 2,100 877 182,366 596,660 586 1,507 505 12,924 1,771 4,298 6,670 79,678 41,116 5,543 35,573 1,967 598 677 3,952 99,389 110 20,110 5,832 5,638 194 2,605 2,017 5,633 2,178 34,402 7,446 11,681 476 2,957 44,786 4,986 48,225 19,357,429 80,815,885 13,824 170,267 30,747 1,003,326 136,122 182,690 372,305 9,967,187' 4,216,231 426,511 3,788,720 13,967 91,420 883,750 268,497 1,177,919 10,594 2,206,291 584,367 496,613 87,854 785,742 125,546 862,880 86,183 2,059,505 197,158 1,190,116 20,928 U7,205 3,644,609 1,754,626 1,764 416,237 792,668 1471 1,576 1,363 10,828 3,454 6,803 15,167 328,915 147,314 13,604 133,810 32,744 1,061 12,084 6,547 455,517 214 11,178 10,374 9,441 933 5,566 2,375 20,801 1,048 48,392 15,398 32,828 7,322 5,923 74,614 - 24,126 151,060 38,468,974 125,606,970 72,072 335,521 159,582 2,254,602 278,735 490,882 810,085 14,629,751 7,488,821 851,147 6,637,674 131,784 140,572 1,107,106 560,434 3,874,628 27,187 3,770,564 1,405,732 1,260,822 144,910 964,712 275,331 1,485,569 167,779 4,369,116 650,913 2,240,405 133,401 225,003 7,156,018 2,067,478 101,071 18,695,308 43,998,417 56 777 163,678 127,472 1,240,348 139,159 301,389 422,613 4,333,649 3,126,276 411,132 2,715,144 85,073 48,091 211,272 285,390 2,241,092 16,379 1,563,095 810,991 754,868 56,123 173,404 147,410 601,888 80,648 2,261,219 438,357 1,017,461 105,151 101,875 3,436,795 288,726 98 14,377 25,081 64 22 61 531 205 193 1,493 13,074 1,827 250 1,577 375 27 180 286 13,899 4 803 229 189 40 143 170 616 40 2,106 837 1,097 256 . 164 4,132 1,841 ■■i,'9i6" 10,885 3 235 100 6 95 12,232 14,096 48 22 61 206 15 128 618 2,317 1,046 45 1,001 40 25 128 276 3,683 4 63 229 189 40 143 15 279 11 697 687 921 204 64 2,602 173 ■■■■feo' 6,169 s' ""m 39' 33 ■ 3,458 1,007 '"i,'667' "i,'2i9' 57 ""m 1 67 """542" 2 3 4 1,500 5,211 f, 7 325 100 65 975 10,678 760 205 555 335 52' ■i6,"2i6' 90 in \\ 6,632 1,520 79 21 12 13 1,620 6,210 21 15 16 1,300 12,630 9,117 177,205 3,738 80,128 18,680 16,961 1,719 31,019 15,862 41,847 676 107,768 28,182 106,194 5,146 9,104 284,159 34,211 2 16,835 18,575 148,720 1,250 78,756 38,300 37,800 500 27,100 7,200 48,394 1,200 172,258 43,515 161,807 7,600 15,930 218,364 21,810 7,245 20,860 1,000 1,715 13,480 15,955 13,500 2,455 8.265 7,393 72,067 12 31,847 10,914 13,930 7,425 1,620 155,063 6,314 IS 625 259,503 36 23,235 1,550 1,550 10 19 91 740 09 91 '4 95 73 9fi 155 334 25 1,394 150 26 ■""ioo" 1,510 1,660 97 354 1,500 8,610 3,700 2,621 25 ""go'ose" 3,289 3 4 15 28 29 30 11 150 52 32 33 ^1 20 8 35 36 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by Microsoft® 710 MANUFACTURES. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR DTOUSTET AND CITY. Num- of bor estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENQAOED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male Fe- male, Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 15, OK NEAR- EST EEPEESENTATITE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. DETROIT— Continued. Foundry and machiae-shop products Boiler shops and foimaries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refrigerators Gla.ss, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hardware Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and .steel forgiags Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-miU products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns^ not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Paint and varnish Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations. Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves Pickles and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere Prmting and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing without print- ing. Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicab;. I'rmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Sausage Saws Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildmg. Shirts Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soap Statuary and art goods Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Tobacco, cigars Trunks ana valises 151 18 133 18 6 29 4 10 9 7 166 154 7 5 75 6 22 47 18 3 a 6 7 10 10 3 5 4 21 14 143 8,149 2,420 5,729 319 88 1,997 70 624 331 48 621 436 184 333 1,418 1,639 268 223 245 858 4,669 141 601 40 561 199 2,695 2,388 185 122 1,934 1,299 449 186 103 31 10 61 57 73 74 66 2,761 946 2,112 5,719 73 12 5 144 138 145 4 367 58 309 20 2 57 8 18 24 5 59 12 165 144 11 10 100 579 77 502 37 6 . 78 4 21 18 16 7 17 151 91 381 1,096 18 72 9 63 10 297 150 143 4 730 518 143 4 1 3 11 7 126 101 277 109 9 256 17 239 41 5 65 92 639 6 26 5 21 4 116 85 28 3 200 79 63 68 1 1 1 1 6,874 2,269 4,615 207 70 1,787 58 474 280 21 456 399 133 301 1,165 1,410 202 166 201 326 2,896 104 460 13 442 168 1,973 1,871 102 874 663 210 1 78 20 4 49 36 46 1,082 14 61 41 2,362 770 1,779 5,352 49 Mh 2,694 Ap 4,972 De 412 No 90 Fe 1,979 Ja» 61 Fe 517 Se 300 Oe 29 Ap 658 No De Fe Je 473 145 328 1,293 Je 1,642 Au 237 Jy 219 An 226 No a 3 Mh' 383 Mh 3,013 Oo 112 Ja Ja My 21 527 188 Oo 1,953 Oo 108 De De» De My Mh Au Oo My Je Mh 702 224 1 96 28 9 74 46 66 1,135 19 56 45 2,833 No 822 My 1,866 De 6, 495 Oc 54 De 1,752 De 3,985 Ap 67 Au 42 Jes 1,674 My 52 Au 401 Au 260 Ja« 14 Au 385 Se 316 Jy 126 Ap 265 Fe 1, 078 De 1,277 Fe 143 De 128 Ja 151 Jas 1 De 253 Jy 2,789 Jy Je» Jy Oc 15 367 Au 1,790 Fe» 96 Ja Ja Oo" Je» De8 No De» De AP De» Ja« AP 635 196 1 71 18 3 20 27 40 999 13 46 36 De 1,439 Ap 709 No 1,701 Ap 4,833 Ja 43 6,075 2,052 4,023 324 1,813 60 472 266 27 418 413 141 253 1,135 1,284 193 130 171 2 332 2,820 107 441 17 424 181 2,008 1,911 97 1,185 956 228 1 82 22 4 44 42 48 1,205 13 56 38 2,449 697 1,755 5,827 45 5,927 1,960 3,967 135 1,656 59 463 41 13 411 409 118 253 1,126 1,282 193 123 170 2 307 1,369 102 191 9 182 178 1,501 1,416 85 1,107 897 210 '"n 1,206 13 48 38 2,414 691 469 499 38 48 182 74 144 1 6 217 14 23 1,428 3 249 8 241 3 475 1,185 5,021 5 11 12 29 30 16 85 298 $23,427,319 2,935,631 20,491,688 888,056 44,052 3,285,875 23,039 497, 121 742,681 120,931 1,616,083 1,075,061 239,439 1,533,133 8,636,110 4,437,603 484,975 320,222 117,329 3,667,635 16,037,467 104,070 2,231,579 40,255 2,191,324 447,614 3,778,096 3,394,084 169, 102 214,909 3,119,227 2,473,454 490,318 166,456 126,079 27,962 3,950 108,232 61,280 31,678 51,013 675,265 30,025 7,789,615 1,706,289 4,816,286 3,688,435 116.956 1 Owned powei only. s Includes rented power, other than electric Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS: 1914-Contmued. 711 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent oJ factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED, INDUSTRIES— Continued. t826,838 143,036 683,802 34,285 2,957 124,902 il,21S 45,088 42,735 3,962 49,986 24,206 19, 090 45,900 246,531 175,507 26,530 26,288 27,363 196,904 366,766 17,700 65,018 5,894 59,124 21,378 358,186 317,991 25,006 15,189 116,971 73,827 66,062 500 6,308 10,300 9,722 97,730 2,650 11,100 7,920 263,831 121,007 115,757 85,843 10,671 1941,315 88,827 852,488 83,684 5,553 159,887 4,800 20,338 24,028 5,613 60,474 18,125 11,868 64,328 207,111 122,162 16,470 17,613 6,140 385,270 1,947,677 22,565 96,810 4,751 92,059 13,542 422,929 222,362 190,180 10,387 871,381 609,934 151,445 110,002 3,000 4,500 1,044 3,805 12,673 8,991 150,231 230 14,620 612 431,604 105,651 319,308 185,012 9,150 $5, 155, 229 1,785,455 3,369,774 154,729 27,079 1,107,958 40,817 277,988 102,133 10,464 316,826 329,178 101,218 203,303 1,019,906 988,884 177,530 116,995 186,429 920 213,688 1,712,583 104,866 197,870 9,912 187,958 122,575 1,436,586 1,335,460 101,126 777,724 638,281 139,313 150 60,952 13,906 2,256 41,875 21,075 37,984 747,224 9;060 33,954 44,387 1,747,947 576,938 699,612 2,164,807 37,769 S63,961 1,508 62,463 \ 4,350 2,481 1,795 1,775 418 1,066 16,361 40 3,000 7,851 17,548 107,189 40,804 65,523 229,029 275 17,236 211,518 35 172 1,075 500 5,945 400 $106,675 18, 160 88,515 31,673 3,853 11,064 5,040 9,780 8,105 4,169 12,462 1,100 18,491 4,254 10,508 7,012 742 14,400 100,792 11,104 3,906 3,306 600 2,860 128,407 119,632 4,819 4,056 49,232 14,744 23,472 11,016 10,147 720 1,261 3,620 11,793 3,173 720 1,194 2,160 1,380 12,795 21,502 $166,074 33,467 122,607 6,204 267 40,910 750 4,909 7,988 372 11,183 10,810 1,662 8,076 1,364,892 54,503 3,773 3,649 1,597 37,360 171,043 1,170 13,516 623 12,993 3,582 3,364 1,016 35,700 31,710 3,141 849 648 6 1,048 726 164 24,092 133 4,797 180 64,177 15,717 2,339,915 65,611 6,900 > Same number reported for one or more other months. 956,959 1,451 $5,951,918 1,376,946 4,574,972 622,066 97,516 1,319,058 76, 733 380,666 357,234 114,226 469,366 637,315 162,139 1,268,481 2,365,641 3,302,072 194,861 235,894 38,497 920 1,923,642 5,940,264 31,842 1,368,821 74,338 1,294,483 282,739 1,708,914 1,683,116 11,835 13,963 1,820,588 1,370,091 389,472 61,025 144,317 192,973 2,408 40,998 55,011 30,740 18,227,622 21,925 311,800 4,629 1,717,879 1,080,157 3,463,262 3,792,700 53,104 $426,889 190,367 236,522 4,429 880 40,272 1,279 18,419 7,802 1,037 91,927 45,697 1,910 13,690 166,989 64,784 7,788 3,660 4,994 138 30,990 75,637 2,843 9,941 1,372 8,569 10,727 54,686 50,219 4,467 38,392 30,889 7,230 273 1,801 1,725 1,335 338 283 66,326 1,100 6,371 315 70,247 33,215 35,068 17,927 1,307 $17,185,368 4,264,398 12,920,970 1,101,568 148,238 3,383,262 145,699 905,310 614,832 165,195 1,116,541 1,012,373 385,962 1,715,017 9,409,722 5,566,510 521,819 539,083 306,300 9,626 3,867,143 13,691,495 282,297 1,973,696 106,680 1, 867, 116 580,606 5,370,012 4,850,528 310,058 209,426 5,779,364 4,215,478 950,048 613,838 236,668 244,000 11,719 102,685 126,747 116,488 20,077,148 42,121 449,792 76,895 5,921,410 2,129,542 8,540,267 8,503,839 168,322 $10, 806, 561 2,697,085 8, 109, 476 475,073 49,842 2,023,932 67,687 506,225 249, 796 49,932 555,248 429,361 231, 913 432,846 ■6,887,092 2,209,654 319,170 299,529 262,809 8,568 1,912,511 7,675,594 247,612 594, 934 30,870 564,064 287,140 3,606,412 3,117,193 298,223 190,996 3,920,384 2,814,498 653,346 562,540 90,550 49,302 9,310 60,352 71,398 85,465 1,783,200 19,096 131,621 71,951 4,133,284 1,016,170 5,041,937 4,693,212 113,911 12,451 3,964 8,487 190 36 2,899 48 484 245 86 3,489 1,268 57 765 6,088 5,503 660 148 149 8 1,090 2,214 61 417 40 377 337 4,704 2,050 6,945 2,669 3,286 470 23 447 150- '"iho 6 5,886- 1,282 4,604 185 36 252 48 270 95 86 1,299 668 67 '5 1,389 992 426 140 149 8 648 344 61 85 6 80 137 4,701 2,047 2,706 1,486 1,220 714 ""im 390 368 """82S' 205 253 4 196 1,944 63" 63' 120 2,585 62 180 150 34 2,190 600 760 4,199 4,315 180 500 196 44 8 422 1,840 20 30 332 35 297 200 3 3 2,654 1,582 1,303 277 2 64 40 10 55 9 5 3,007 13 161 5 3,358 2,222 1,080 3,956 40 2,654 1,581 1,303 276 2 64 40 1 1 10 16 39 9 5 462 13 8 5 441 2,219 359 3,956 40 820 "i',m 459 2,545 153 2,785 707 132 3 14 * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 712 MANUFACTURES. Table 38.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PESSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST KEPRESENTATTVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers; Sala- ried ofa- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- nmle. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. and DETROIT— Continued. Window and door screens weather strips. Wirework, including woven-wire fencing. Wood, turned and carved All other industries * 3 10 9 248 42 237 109 18,591 160 7 561 1 2,683 23 206 93 14, 249 Oc3 25 Ja 230 Fe 95 Mh3 De No 22 170 91 22 172 91 13, 158 22 149 t 88 11,331 22 i,'742' 1240,026 383,745 143,038 66,883,952 * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements Artificial flowers Artificial limbs Artists' materials Babbitt metal Baking powders Baskets, andrattan and willow ware. Belting,leather Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Brushes Buttons Card cutting and designing Carpets, rag Carriages and sleds, children's 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations otrailroad companies 1 Cash registers and calculating mar chines 5 Cement 1 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 1 Confectionery (ice cream) 3 Corsets 3 Cotton goods 1 Dental goods 2 Enameling 2 Engraving and diesinking 7 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 8 Engraving, wood 2 Envelopes 1 Fancy articles, notelsewherespecified 1 Fertilizers i 1 Files 1 Flags and banners 2 Flavoring extracts 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 Foundry supplies 3 Fuel, manufactured 1 Furs, dressed 1 Gas and electric fixtures 3 GaSjilluminating and heating 1 Gas machines and gas and water meters 4 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 2 Hair work 4 Hand stamps 6 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 4 Hats, straw '. 1 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Ice, manufactured 3 Ink, piinting 1 1 OwBed power only. ' Includes rented power, othe; thaa electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 713 EXFEN8E8. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Prindpal materials. Fuel and rent of power. N Total. Bteam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $14,772 22,862 13,544 1,533,377 $7,069 7,380 2,142 4,190,311 $7,944 $1,000 $2,860 $1,739 108,474 1,127 7,151 6,550 55,607 1,560 160,118 1,263 514,549 10,077,129 668,013 $37,239 $459 161,856 4,130 . 51,036 24,456,786 4,120 1,598,936 $77,343 424,207 181,031 55,640,063 $39,645 258,221 125,875 29,684,341 47 177 272 36,897 160 190 27,704 261 47 17 82 1,932 150 io'sie Ink, writing 2 Instruments, professional and soien- tiflo 4 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, andrivets 2 Iron and steel, doors and shutters ... 2 Lamps 3 Lasts 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leathergoods,notelsewherespecified 8 Liquors, vinous 1 Lithographing 5 LooMng-glass andpicture frames 6 Malt 3 Mattresses and spring beds 6 Millinery and lace goods 11 Mirrors, framed and unframed 2 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 2 Mucilage and paste 1 Musicalinstruments, pianos 3 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 OUcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Optical goods 5 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 2 Paper patterns 1 Paving materials 2 Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Pottery 3 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 3 Pulp, from fiber other than wood 1 Pumps, not including power pumps. 1 Pumps, steam and other power 1 Roofmg materials 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Salt 1 Sand-hme brick 2 Scales and •balances 2 Screws, machine 2 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 Show cases 2 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Steam fittings and gteam and hot- water heating apparatus 6 Steam packing 2 Stencils and brands 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 3 Surgical appliances 2 Toys and games 1 Type founding 1 Umbrellas and canes 3 Upholstering materials, not else- where specified 2 Vinegar 1 Wall plaster 2 Waste 2 Window shades and fixtures 4 3 Same number reported lor one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 714 MANUFACTURES. Tablk 38.— detail STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR INDUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EAENEES DEC. 15, OB NEAB- EST EEPKESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. re- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDaSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. GRAND RAPIDS— All industries Artificial stone laroduots Automobile bodies and parts . Automobiles Automobile repairing Brass and copper products Bread and other bakery products. . . Butter " Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials. Clothing, men's, including shirts Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Machine shops Furniture and refrigerators Hardware Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry • Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters. : Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publisliing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing, publishing, and job printing.. Publishing without printing Stoves and hot-air furnaces Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolUng mills. Tobacco, cigars Wood, turned and carved All other industries * 43 35 18 17 4 3 32 10 138 20, 782 19 38 82 23 476 579 59 11 125 239 254 230 24 76 170 1,294 377 917 7,810 206 454 187 196 441 52 26 140 662 576 551 25 38 24 746 67 5,607 232 14 2 205 1,427 30 67 379 37 153 148 5 1 31 1 485 10 13 66 4 62 182 16 1 210 17,427 13 29 68 13 432 441 27 8 104 199 58 203 185 18 54 107 1,062 362 700 6,991 171 422 6 177 174 619 308 667 47 Se 17,893 Jes My Ja Jes De Jy Je 0) Au3 Ap My 19 32 69 14 473 468 41 8 106 67 Oc Jy3 Se Je 237 29 82 111 Mh Ja Fe Mh Se Je Mh Je Au My 3 Je Oo3 Fe 416 760 7,204 188 525 6 190 229 393 564 Mh Go No Se Ap3 722 65 De 16,711 Fe Des De Jy My Fe Ja3 (') Je Au 1 27 42 11 408 418 20 8 101 175 FeS 52 Ja Ja3 Ja 154 11 36 No 100 De 316 Se 652 No 6,756 Se 159 Ja 324 Fe 4 Oc 161 Fe 146 De 337 Jas Ja3 Fe Je 293 J?' Oo Ja 574 37 17,579 18 27 69 16 470 448 21 8 106 195 60 194 183 11 43 101 1,065 316 749 7,062 162 354 6 170 152 513 294 294 27 12 717 48' 4,771 14, 760 104 24 100 982 292 690 6,936 135 64 4 169 145 291 384 267 267 27 12 114 48 3,846 2,772 73 J33 ""2 2 171 18 110 110 1 81 24 57 104 35 lis 27 27 603 '926" 49 13 $46,842,756 33,138 47,202 374,230 13,643 722,095 1,420,033 171,327 10,265 203,568 144,217 332,045 432,357 411,932 20,425 39,190 917,921 2,448,792 506,822 1,941,970 17,314,174 443,870 759,927 1,625 586,222 2,120,995 1,406,937 110,661 47,093 225,109 96,757 1,011,405 1,002,076 9,329 28,752 35,991 468,363 46,609 14,828,243 *A11 other industries embrace— Artfficial limbs Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal Baking powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Bookbinding and blank-book making . Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Brick, building Brooms, from broom corn Brushes Catming, vegetables 1 Cars and general shop constniction "and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repans by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Chemicals 1 Clocks 1 Clothing, women's 2 Coflee, roasting and grinding 2 Cooperage 1 Corsets 2 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Dairymen's and poultrymen's sup- plies 1 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied ... 5 Feathers and plumes' 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Fur goods 3 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas, illummatiug and heating. ...,., i Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting ,....«'• Grease and tallow, not iacludMg lubricating greases Hair work Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified Ink, writmg Iron and steel forgings Lithographing. ' Owned power only. Lumber and timber products. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 715 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lisK- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, Includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1,905,191 $2,173,868 1,500 4,055 4,904 22,000 13,385 7,080 12,448 25,228 16,050 28,320 28,320 4,250 29,112 144,746 17,860 126,886 698,708 21,604 28,034 17,604 50,308 55,314 1,300 28,110 95,757 94,696 92,446 2,250 3,592 17,883 2,700 476,603 110,296,498 3,539 22,977 1,052 37,033 76,970 19,641 2,850 42,412 45,577 33,857 33,857 1,803 36,900 102,757 4,985 97,772 679,476 26,016 11,672 2,441 14,792 33,352 10,616 2,420 56,707 193,994 189,286 4,708 1,475 2,400 67,981 766 605,764 9,657 15,344 46,127 8,996 256,575 226,776 19,399 3,920 71,902 65,976 37,409 9^,943 79,013 15,930 28,722 77,581 688,079 226,864 461,215 4,353,023 102,230 148,069 2,272 114,616 122,870 250,419 30,420 11,254 28,361 348,260 262,784 262,784 $257,990 $253, 676 20,607 10,810 260,734 31,138 2,547,225 650 3,061 3,061 149,315 12,382 8,308 52,046 24,767 27,279 38 27,392 575 2,108 1,500 2,926 540 17,876 4,020 216 2,015 7,776 1,560 15,388 13,708 1,680 1,884 531 19,297 19, 297 37,098 1,585 5,060 534 $692,915 $23,092,464 1,414 284 396 4,488 18,065 19,209 18,401 808 1,800 216 6,939 2,300 76,076 20S 285 2,792 482 9,319 9,324 676 140 2,455 2,686 6,637 4,337 4,114 223 815 11,710 29,778 7,286 22,492 203, 516 6,601 5,372 5,776 48,862 17,775 1,080 672 3,854 11,094 13,177 13,092 86 259 399 107,445 694 186, 118 12,913 60,703 59, 632 8,223 271,391 920,944 616,399 907 65,270 190, 451 133,772 397,802 332, 492 65,310 68,742 2,633,930 670,601 173,271 497, 230 5,558,052 171,861 680,581 1,125 1,009,349 287,171 1,078,837 40,817 23,958 138,371 374,269 387, 514 386,563 961 31,000 16,894 710, 491 13, 261 6,587,343 $902, 470 213 1,218 2,399 766 9,391 22, 475 4,167 246 2,982 1,857 3,412 8,362 5,921 2,441 474 18,311 65,347 29,363 26,994 160,613 6,310 4,373 38 21,902 28,293 9,755 2,005 432 1,784 13,409 10,669 10,669 $49,792,200 $26,797,286 1,208 3,502 604,657 34,306 103, 253 146, 429 27,880 J07,423 1,682,198 747, 184 7,496 199,341 397, 164 304,870 643,952 529,376 114, 576 130,854 3,141,730 1,972,570 521, 524 1,461,046 14,940,141 479,706 1,063,786 8,450 1,394,369 1,261,224 1,677,643 125,561 61,219 341, 191 1,154,989 1,443,124 1,369,587 73,537 77,360, 43,446 1,293,060 77,243 14,103,052 21, 180 51,332 84,398 18,891 426,841 738. 779 126, 618 6,343 131,089 204, 856 167,886 237,788 190, 963 46,825 61,638 489, 489 1,246,722 318, 900 927, 822 9,221,476 301,634 498, 831 7,287 363, 118 945. 780 589,051 82,739 36,829 201,036 767, 311 1,044,941 972,355 72,586 46,091 24,909 681,381 60, 490 7,011,062 30,393 59 24 70 22 580 244 126 14 139 45 206 326 235 91 35 1,537 2,017 457 1,580 10,253 172 251 6 620 1,328 1,708 151 14 22 616 667 667 20, 344 4 204 9,043 40 "46' '356' 70 10 235 236 860 740 300 440 9,048 60 56 305 1,165 1,285 8,107 5 206 10 25 108 108 29 6,906 425 180 180 125 10 481 12 24 30 17 4 174 116 9 74 45 206 91 91 26 227 989 157 832 1,051 112 91 5 315 173 423 151 14 22 566 568 20 200 17 85 4 184 2,456 4,017 340 196 198 156 439 106 334 1,156 16 1 5 1,649 3 and spring beds 3 / and lace goods 1 ,j-^ — s, framed and unframed 1 . : l^els and patterns, not including ., J japer patterns 3 , fMit&cycles, blcycte, and parts 2 -SlScilage and paste 1 ! inisical instruments and materials, :?■ not specified 4 tUnslcal instruments, organs 1 , , Ilusical instruments, pianos 1 jHsicalinstruments, piano materials. 1 .'■Optical gribds 1 " 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . 2 Photo-engraving 1 Photographic materials 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Prmting materials 1 Roofing materials 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Saddler; and harness 3 Sand-lime brick 1 Saiisage 1 Saws 2 Sewing machines and attachments. . . Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building Show cases Signs and advertising novelties Soap Sporting and athletic goods Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus Steam packii^ Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves, gas and oil 1 Surgical appliances 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Trunks and valises 2 Typewriters 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 2 Vinegar and cider 1 Window and door screens and weather strips : 3 Wirework, not elsewhere specified — 3 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 » Same number reported for one or more other months. < Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 716 MANUFACTURES. Table 38,— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR TNUUSTET AND CITy. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. re- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 SAGINAW— All industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bread and other bakery products — Carriages and wagons and materials . . 241 7,661 228 257 541 293 6,342 Mh 6,633 De 5,696 6,380 5,512 852 14 2 $17,698,108 7 18 6 7 6 14 3 3 15 8 5 11 6 4 13 9 27 79 ' 514 202 22 78 461 68 118 45 876 535 109 717 39 15 77 206 167 3,412 2 17 7 10 10 20 4 2 9 6 3 12 7 1 19 3 33 63 15 6 ' 35 16 15 14 447 149 15 51 429 42 96 27 696 451 84 652 27 6 53 106 124 2,887 Je De No Ap Go Je Je Au No Ap Je Au3 Je3 Ap Jy 523 159 31 69 508 65 109 30 730 569 120 785 37 10 57 115 132 No Ap Fe3 Ja De Mh No Fe3 Ap Je Fe De De3 Jas De3 Au Ap 309 144 9 38 302 30 78 25 667 416 59 449 13 5 SO 95 117 391 148 25 62 467 46 93 28 672 446 93 702 29 10 49 112 130 2,877 391 102 25 22 351 46 93 26 672 445 93 697 29 9 42 102 103 2,264 812,434 363,087 33,275 105, 585 606,654 . 52,974 151,166 306,980 2,664,240 1,422,573 774,669 1,474,539 42,067 50,291 94,485 266,520 92,330 8,384,349 46 , 4 5 2 9 4 44 11 10 16 2 3 19 6 101 9 13 ...... 9 85 57 10 25 1 2 1 59 3 213 4 4 4 6 3 42 10 2 12 2 3 4 19 1 148 40 104 6 7 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Engines, steam, gas, and water Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture 10 2 S q 2 in 11 1 T' 13 Lumber and timber products 2 3 I'i Patent medicines and compounds.... Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and pubUshing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco manufactures 1 7 9 27 613 16 17 1R 1 19 1 *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Artificial stone products 5 AwniQgs, tents, and sails 1 B lutng 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brass products 1 Brick and tile 1 Butter 1 Buttons 1 Canning, vegetables 1 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 1 Cash registers i Chemicals , 1 Clothing, women's 3 Coffee, roasting and grinding 3 Coffins, burial c^cs, and under- takers' goods 1 Corsets 1 Electrical machinerv, apparatus, and supplies '. 1 Electroplating 2 Enameling 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Fur goods 1 Furnishing goods, men's l... 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000-INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Adrian Alpena Ann Arboe Battle Creek. . . Bay City Benton Harbor, escanaba FUNT Hancock Holland ironwood ishpeming Jackson Kalamazoo Lansing , Manistee , Marquette Menominee Muskegon Owosao , PONTIAO Port Huron Sault Ste. Marie Traverse City... 68 54 75 135 142 62 45 94 21 61 24 19 147 213 180 47 34 52 103 45 1,506 1,636 1,079 6,026 4,658 1,709 921 9,963 199 2,716 558 117 5,846 6,780 7,201 2,112 704 2,243 5,238 1,425 2,861 1,596 1,062 1,135 57 48 74 126 111 62 55 85 27 241 21 22 112 157 161 47 27 38 74 35 73 44 37 61 154 172 69 37 171 10 79 6 6 219 279 214 27 64 166 50 103 . 82 30 48 107 48 76 840 737 15 163 412 660 402 102 53 95 216 74 206 96 47 45 26 307 215 76 13 248 6 68 1 197 259 193 42 8 58 138 35 106 60 11 30 1,256 m£ 1,462 Jy 1, 090 1,319 1,052 1,494 1,599 No 1,3.30 1,452 1,419 842 Ap 900 De 746 764 678 4,599 Jv 6,442 Oc 3,924 4,464 3,882 3,771 My 3,975 Ja 3,619 3,712 3,302 1,285 Au 1,434 Ja 1,076 1,442 1,232 777 My 876 No 694 782 619 8,722 Se 10,308 My 7,095 8,719 8,346 142 J a 145 Se 140 143 130 2,165 Au 2,296 Ap 1,986 2,347 2,035 516 Fe 624 No 385 467 462 79 J''e 93 Au3 73 79 75 4,906 s 5,479 De 4,542 4,807 3,938 6,625 5,943 No 5,066 8,400 4,157 6,231 Se 6,572 Ja 5,703 6,202 5,876 1,853 Ja 2,073 De 1,484 1,742 1,383 589 Jy 680 De 482 607 590 1,988 Fe 2,144 De 1,709 2,277 1,976 4,646 Je 6,188 No 4,334 4,684 3,993 1,231 Uc 1,613 Jy 1,036 1,736 1,579 2,409 Ap 2,940 De 1,541 1,715 1,663 1,296 Je 1,642 Fe 1, 116 1,295 1,044 938 Ja 1,070 Ap 843 Mh 708 918 845 966 Oo 1,212 1,220 909 262 32 84 581 210 160 366 11 293 849 1,205 326 343 14 255 645 156 62 261 . 72 309 6 1 2 1 29 i 3 7 1 1 13 6 1 5 15 211 15 1 14 2 3 21 25 24 22 1 ...... 2 $5,031,755 4,711,967 2,888,476 19,893,219 10,617,962 3,932,039 1,354,211 27,151,086 419,809 7,744,162 1,458,443 188,980 14,056,794 18,528,668 23,174,393 6,346,971 1,683,282 6,825,323 11,329,319 4,146,992 5,744,456 4,622,191 5,791,036 1,986,358 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MICHIGAN. ^ MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 717 EXPENSES. Value ot products. Value added -by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments re_port- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. t Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent" ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contuiued. $529,910 $755,483 $3,670,558 $48, 102 $73,545 $253,780 SIO, 276, 968 $379,015 $19,008,670 $8,3.52,687 15,959 11, 887 53 4,019 1,412 1 42,988 8,100 60,928 20,874 292,222 90,418 9,671 20,993 183,383 28,728 64,513 16,514 600,572 256,801 71,051 366,741 27,619 6,031 37,614 82,736 66,017 1,650,934 1,375 18,824 5,580 965 2,760 300 1,580 9,298 2,913 458 1,211 8,097 506 1,346 3,335 25,367 12, 132 ,91,601 18,939 645 508 709 2,536 17,654 56,625 661, 922 366,315 6,889 113,653 661,001 60,676 88,882 587,967 800,814 295,703 112, 107 1,859,421 35,353 36,649 44, 469 155,860 95,461 4,303,926 25,405 11,277 603 2,661 2,257 293 5,515 7,408 36,844 15,759 13,037 8,687 1,571 287 1,606 5,000 575 240,230 1,299,939 601,771 29,995 169,616 1,047,791 119,529 216, 174 661,934 2,049,102 819,790 499,306 2,502,833 86,016 60,831 127,765 414,333 237, 137 8,064,808 612,612 224, 179 22,603 63,302 384,533 68,560 121,777 66,659 1, 211, 444 508,328 374, 162 634,725 49,092 23,995 81,690 263,473 141,101 3,620,652 445 135 62 39 1,415 15 67 699 2,015 926 808 4,162 107 28 60 256 1 4,719 140 305 135 27 39 16 235 ■?. ■\ 620 35 4 4,880 21,336 2,600 12,450 7,150 102,772 *,584 17,879 22,503 1,665 3,900 9,804 24,773 1,404 7,644 6,670 169,189 40,355 10,729 27,607 885 5,215 3,905 41,800 3,272 320,429 ■; 1,400 fi 15 7 67 324 1,065 20 76 10 61 18 60 106 1 1,G90 8" 71 50 686 63 366' 8 2,400 1,080 480 2,000 180 144 352 4,518 10,734 1,913 19,735 375 960 900 732 4,152 25 10 q 36,183 10 6 \-\ I' n 21 14 !«; 3,339 2,637 16 37,260 7,334 209,609 160 17 IS 3,948 3,018 11 19 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 1 Graphite, ground and refined 1 Hand stamps 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Jewelry 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 2 Lime 1 Matches 1 Mattresses and spring beds ■ 1 Mineral and soda waters 3 Mirrors, framed and unf ramed 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, piano materials. 1 Optical goods 1 Roofing materials 1 Rules, ivory and wood 1 Saddlery and harness 3 Salt 1 Sausage 1 Saws 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Shirts 1 Show cases 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Soap 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Trunks and valises i Umbrellas and canes i Vinegar 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $86,296 75, 961 92,008 502, 763 364,963 132,069 88,899 507,560 14,910 184,131 9,388 10,276 461,661 649,293 463,698 123,237 66,130 147,066 '338,567 96,509 298,182 119,206 100,208 77,1^ $162,678 66,541 53,310 1, 152, 737 363,980 271,209 32,542 1,002,475 13,410 231,756 9,260 8,480 617,741 794,926 660,864 100,232 55,113 144,462 330,564 109,466 323,622 112,892 62, 922 70,396 $697,635 896,042 616, 276 3,190,521 2,129,272 $11,264 13,610 27,440 34,556 89,325 $16,688 4,850 12,015 38,992 17,679 $37,931 80,676 28,850 203,046 207,376 722,606 468,833 7,234,980 94, 172 1,162,387 67,999 671 200 13,618 8,298 497,817 3,817. 3,764 33,428 38,257 346,362 16,876 53,243 13,705 305,140 46,191 3,263,323 3,284,360 4,373,265 12,134 155 67,810 59,107 51,063 2,632 2,297 64,048 54, 103 104,536 19,850 2,998 142,194 206,480 214,425 967,573 378,220 999,510 2,640,992 724,049 327,013 22,475 106,600 2,832 6,730 6,358 13,858 3,536 78,886 38, 950 147,829 179, 127 47,612 2,126 2,009,654 734,916 620, 643 499,453 1,348 45,481 2,513 81,100 102,292 16,414 ^ 6,515 6,021 96,659 94,534 68,052 36,863 $3,709,460 $73,905 2,025,690 372, 143 1,192,027 109,536 7,679,922 478,278 6,189,234 214,171 1,085,747 124,292 603,860 31,837 33,832,845 500, 129 182,343 7,346 6,723,769 118,005 408,512 5,686 131,433 4,495 9,153,022 376, 267 10,305,501 641,715 13,536,674 350,279 1,915,968 88,106 645,652 32,604 2,553,532 101,975 4,975,072 342, 140 1,763,966 97,046 10,321,576 127,814 ' 2,094,347 132,399 2,063,659 288,040 1,056,772 30,061 $5,442,338 4, 101, 935 2,603,379 23,248,420 11,119,286 3,021,552 1,606,526 63,375,039 402,980 8,683,835 793, 247 228,643 16,809,846 20,214,314 26,984,496 4, 136, 210 1,394,587 4,999,884 11, 147, 606 3,468,534 15,102,453 4,090,323 3,821,464 2,251,484 $1,658,973 1, 704, 102 1,301,816 15,090,220 4,716,881 1,811,513 870, 829 19,042,065 213, 291 2,841,161 379, 149 . 92,716 7,280,667 9,267,098 13,097,643 2,132,136 716, 331 2,344,377 5,830,393 1,617,533 4,653,063 1,863,577 1, 469, 765 1,164,651 2,840 11,537 2,378 17,049 15,911 2,245 2,591 10,576 273 3,696 641 230 9,740 19,548 12,614 7,548 2,156 6,901 12, 499 4,266 3,111 4,400 2,326 4,553 1,803 8,266 1,096 8,361 12,927 1,185 2,180 1,813 106 2,668 481 110 3,520 15,754 3,515 7,043 929 4,141 5,605 3,477 1,184 2,640 692 3,507 103 57 497 213 280 304 2 22 771 16 30 540 99 2,100 "473' 100 2 '265' 3 1,020 35 995 887 1,207 8,176 2,949 1,060 308 8,606 167 1,011 130 120 ,5,721 3,581 8,554 201 1,222 1,718 6,088 774 1,817 1,320 1,535 844 409 4,745 6 6,666 2,961 102 45 463 45 1,707 3,548 350 662 543 654 180 68 272 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MINNESOTA. By Martha W. Williams and- Edith Eaton. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state.— Minnesota was admitted to the Union as a state in 1858. Its gross area is 84,682 square miles, of which 80,858 represent land smface. In 1914 there were in the state 2,455 square miles in national forests, 1,691 square miles in unappropriated and unreserved public lands of the United States, and 897 square miles in Indian res- ervations. The -inhabitants of the state in 1900 numbered 1,751,394 and in 1910, 2,075,708, and the estimated population in 1914 was 2,213,919. Min- nesota ranked eleventh in area and nineteenth in poptdation among the states in 1910. In density of popidation it ranked twenty-ninth in that year, with 25.7 inhabitants per square mile. The urban population in 1910— that is, the popu- lation residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 850,294, or 41 per cent of the total, as against 34.1 in 1900. In 1914 there were nine cities in the state estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants, namely, Duluth, Hibbing, Mankato, Minneapolis, St. Cloud, St. Paul, StiUwater, Virginia, and Winona. The aggregate population of these nine cities formed 33.8 per cent of the estimated total population of Minnesota in that year. Statistics for Virginia can not be shown separately without dis- closing the operations of individual estabhshments. Minnesota has a great diversity of natural resources. Its iron ore deposits are the richest in the country, the production of 1914 amounting to 21,946,901 long tons, or 53 per cent of the total mined in the United States. The iron mines do not contribute directly to the state's manufactures, because the ore is shipped to blast furnaces in other states. The wheat fields and the forests, however, furnish the raw materials for two of the most important industries. In 1909 the total value of farm crops was $193,451,474, of which amount, $56,007,435 was contributed by wheat, $34,023,389 by oats, $30,510,145 by corn, and $17,213,817 by barley. In that year Minnesota ranked first in the production of barley and third in that of wheat and oats. In 1914 the amount of lumber sawed and otherwise put through manufacturing processes was valued at $44,675,000. The transportation facilities, both rail and water, are excellent. The steam-rail- way mileage in 1914 was 9,040, and the electric-rail- way mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 522. In addition, the state has several ports of entry on Lake Superior, and there are on or within its borders seven navigable rivers. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914, as in 1909, Minnesota ranked thirteenth among the states in the value of its manufactures, while in the average number of wage earners engaged in such industries, it held eighteenth place. The state con- tributed 2 per cent of the total value of products manufactured in the United States in 1914 — prac- tically the same proportion as in 1909 and 1904. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactiu-es combined in the state of Minnesota, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUTACTUEING INDUSTRIES. PEK CENT OP INCEEA3E.> 1914 1909 1904 1899 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 5,974 115^690 5,233 17,623 92,834 .368,737 $354,434,177 80,591,183 22,084,170 58,507,013 2,600,106 7,381,132 336,849,214 493,354,136 156,504,922 5,561 104,406 5,376 14,263 84,767 297,670 $276,416,029 62,922,303 16,451,500 47,470,803 2,483,017 4,979,543 281,622,287 409,419,621 127,797,334 4,756 83,301 4,524 9,141 69,636 220,934 $184,903,271 44,875,985 9,032,840 35,843,145 4,378,700 3 2,138,692 210,563,949 307,868,073 97,304,124 4,096 6,625 64,567 180,124 $133,076,669 35,093,419 6,064,229 29,029,190 150,299,277 223,692,922 73,393,645 7.4 10.8 -2.7 23.6 9.5 20.5 28.7 28.1 42.9 23.2 4.7 48.2 19.6 20.5 22.5 16.9 25.3 18.8 56.0 21.7 34.7 49.0 40.2 71.1 32.4 -43.3 16.1 Persoiis eneased . . ■ 38.0 7.9 22.7 38.9 27.9 Salaries. . 49.0 Wages 23.5 Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) 33.8 33.0 31.3 40.1 Value 0/ products 37.6 Value added by manui^ture (value ol products less cost of materials) 32.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. 8 Exclusive of internal revenue. The general increase in the manufacturing activi- ties of the state was greater during the years 1904 to 1909 than for the other five-year periods shown in the table. The decrease of 43.3 per cent, shown for con- tract work, is no indication of a depression in any industry of the state, because the expenditure for (719) Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 720 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. such work depends upon the methods followed in car- rying on the various industries, and not on the mag- nitude of the operations. The decrease of 2.7 per cent in the number of proprietors and firm members was doubtless in some degree due to the changes in character of ownership. During the period between the censuses the form of ownership of some estab- lishments changed from "individual" or "firm" to "corporation," and proprietors and firm members reported at one census were classed as officials of cor- porations at a later date. The value added by manu- facture, although greater in amount at each of the successive censuses for which figures are given in the table, shows a smaller proportional increase — 32.6 per cent from 1899 to 1904, 31.3 per cent from 1904 to 1909, and 22.5 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 INPUSTET. All industries 6, 974 CENSD3 or 1914. Num- ber of estab- lisli- ments. Flour-mill and gristmill products — Slaughtering and meat packing Luinber and timber products Butter and cheese Foundry and machine-shops products Printing and publishing Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Liquors, malt Oil, linseed Bread and other bakery products Boots and shoes Malt Clothing, men's, including shirts... Paper and wood pulp. Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- ified Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Coffee, roasting and grinding Hosiery and knit goods Furniture and refrigerators Fur goods Gas, illuminating and heating Agricultural implements Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Marble and stone work Confectionery Tobacco manufactures Leather goods Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified Carriages and wagons and materials . . Paint and varnish Artificial stone products Mattresses and spring beds . Boxes and cartons, paper. . . Woolen goods Canning and preserving Mineral and soda waters Automobiles, including bodies and Sarts linery and lace goods Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Steam packing , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies . Photo-engraving Signs and advertising novelties Paving materials Furnishing goods, men's Awnings, tents, and sails Brass, bronze, and copper products. Lime 286 29 453 807 409 994 38 65 6 443 14 9 45 8 27 99 H 13 61 36 47 17 143 127 78 324 95 28 129 15 191 13 13 16 35 128 24 9 Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bution. 92,834 4; 564 2,587 20,947 1,458 7,051 6,134 10,551 2,052 2,012 168 2,468 1,345 426 613 313 2,088 1,739 838 1,038 872 1,087 1,679 843 1,261 750 1,446 787 854 144 738 440 650 448 435 174 236 46 234 238 184 142 110 99 223 Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. 100.0 $493,354,136 4.9 2.8 22.6 1.6 7.6 6.6 11.4 -2.2 0.4 2.3 2.2 0.2 2.7 1.4 0.5 0.7 0.3 2.2 L9 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.7 0.9 1.4 0.8 L6 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 ■ Percentages are based on figures in Table 34; not be given. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. ' Same number reported in both years. 148,243,708 47,710,059 44,674,948 33,746,396 21,405,023 20, 186, 594 14,594,018 14,266,296 12,356,906 8, 72i, 162 5,918,031 6,636,696 5,616,322 5,572,537 4,978,745 4,879,026 4,728,582 4,666,326 4,216,497 4,207,468 4,158,606 3,812,728 3,398,243 3,121,447 3,039,435 2,872,493 2,806,751 2,582,846 2,226,774 2,206,608 1,683,962 1,617,746 1,694,845 1,321.846 1,297,654 1,284,340 1,266,028 1,230,338 944,666 862,675 752,621 748,948 614,028 605,781 692,525 550, 676 466,263 444,251 358, 643 342,490 Value added by manufacture. Amount. 100.0 $156,504,922 30.0 9.7 9.1 6.8 4.3 4.1 3.0 2.9 2.5 1.8 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 LO 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 20,929,137 5,973,875 21,848,154 2,977,283 11, 470, 566 14,626,901 8,266,790 10,963,096 1,077,899 3,929,774 1,937,639 1, 173, 479 1,975,894 .2,327,583 1,929,386 2,537,951 909,889 2,138,906 2,467,858 1,530,828 2,477,336 2,339,218 1,733,636 1,910,314 1,310,072 1,744,024 1, 117, 578 1,715,098 960,239 1,176,642 622, 613 943,072 688, 527 771, 968 448, 143 478,288 739, 167 695,348 297,070 495,761 398,874 401, 107 151,303 616, 027 305,583 283,421 129, 532 193, 253 116, 675 203, 513 Per cent distri- bution 100.0 13.4 3.8 14.0 1.9 7.3 9.3 5.3 7.0 0.7 2.5 1.2 0.8 1.3 L6 L6 0.6 L4 L6 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0.1 PER CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 9.5 5.0 34.7 1.2 23.1 17,5 28,2 24,1 7,0 27,9 -24,5 21,7 14,5 121,6 5.2 29.1 -8.5 98,5 2,6 -20,6 22,4 -14.0 0.6 -9.2 17.9 -21.8 -13.8 -0.3 -7.4 -L6 -12.2 13.0 -2.9 9.2 61.7 5.1 26.6 273.8 -38.2 39.3 105,2 -22,0 (=) 1904- 1909 21.7 -3.0 39.6 1.1 13.7 49.2 22.3 42.7 59.7 6.9 26.9 56.4 100,0 44.1 63.3 '49.4 38.1 81.9 71.1 9.3 -14,6 47.5 -13,8 22,8 110,2 10,7 -9.4 29.6 n.o 14.8 -6.0 110.2 146.4 135.9 86.9 -19.2 67.8 30.9 10.0 64.7 243.4 10.0 1899- 1904 7.9 11.0 106,0 -8,6 40.7 7.3 11.9 22.7 20,9 127,7 38.6 -15.4 146.4 -20.5 36.9 83.0 -73.0 109.9 25.3 63.6 63.3 26.7 17,0 -32.8 64,4 14,0 30,0 2,6 -20.9 50.0 36.8 }4.3 116.6 9.3 97.7 "92."4' Value of products. 1909- 1914 20.5 6.5 86.3 5.5 33.6 37.1 26.3 16.5 36.0 12.0 28.6 -21.8 30.6 25,9 133.7 18.4 10.6 57.8 108.0 12.1 11.4 44.7 26.5 22.9 5.3 29.5 -14.7 -0.5 16.3 1.8 1.4 13.1 48.4 6.8 29.2 85.7 -4.4 46.8 186.7 1.5 42.4 24.0 73.1 89,4 8.6 12.4 158,3 10,0 1904- 1909 .33.0 14.0 46.4 0,8 96,5 64.1 38.2 7L2 7L1 57.3 46.9 81.5 260.2 67.9 108.1 164.4 40.7 65.0 86.4 38.4 11.7 41.4 4.5 49.4 138.2 40.1 5.0 44.6 24.1 15.0 16.4 110.0 183.9 169.6 124,3 -M,6 72.6 61.7 24.1 41,8 141,4 21L1 39,1 7.6 1899- 1904 37.6 47.1 125,2 -10.7 61.8 27.8 41.1 16.8 38.6 114.4 67.4 15.3 396,0 10.1 127.0 236.5 45.3 193.4 31.7 70.8 63.5 14.5 13.0 67.2 29.7 37.8 47,0 11.4 -11.4 98.0 16.7 132.7 59.2 133.6 19.0 86.0 107.1 29.7 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 22.5 40.3 66.0 L7 15.4 36.2 23.1 34.7 33.3 -20.3 31.8 -26.4 49.7 20.1 146.8 39.6 41,3 84.9 32,2 -2.1 20.6 21,6 22,2 -0,5 34,2 -17.3 -L5 6.2 24.3 -1.4 32.6 -1.3 42.4 65.9 6.7 34.4 238.1 -10.8 3L0 -7.4 66.6 4L0 -23.7 14.2 143.8 20.8 1904- 1909 31.3 14.8 44.8 -11.3 49.0 65.4 35.4 67.5 85.3 45.5 51.9 71.2 160.5 55.8 101.9 107.7 61.6 46,4 100,5 15.5 14.3 45.8 7.2 41.5 112.4 29.3 0.1 35.8 23.7 7.6 19.1 135.3 187.9 145.8 132.6 -17.7 30.6 39.7 29.1 41.7 154.9 276.6 39.7 4.3 1899- 1904 32.6 41.8 151.5 4,2 34,1 24.6 23.7 188,5 59.8 24.2 300.3 12.2 212.7 195.9 16.0 170.9 61.4 60.3 82.5 71.8 18.2 7.1 76.2 38.8 62.6 48.'6 12.0 -12.5 7L1 24.6 82.0 45,8 183.5 26.2 123.6 103,3 7,1 9,9 I 68. a minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 721 Table a— Continued. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Gas and electric fixtures Shipbuilding, including boat building. Stoves and furnaces, not including gas and oil stoves Uusical instruments, pianos and organs Jewelry Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting Brooms Hats and caps, other than felt, straw:, and wool Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Optical goods Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' suppbes Clothing, women's Grease and taUow All other industries CENSUS OF 1914. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bution. 11 339 111 125 108 154 153 99 127 112 54 4,9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 5.3 Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. 341,289 317,111 316, 335 315,246 307, 83S 283,076 265,993 240,849 240,397 218,776 218,512 209,009 207,993 24,751,322 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.0 Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent distri- bution, 176,655 159,617 203,423 159,222 204,736 188,063 129,042 80,492 135, 884 143,826 127,646 115,689 78, 137 1,368,412 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.3 PEE CENT OF INCBEA3E. > Wa!;e earners (average number). 1909- 1914 -40.2 -8.6 -24.5 29.4 119.0 28.7 19**- 1909 T-6.7 69.7 62.2 58.7 .32.3 -23.7 262.5 -40.8 "24.'5' 1899- 1904 63.6 -34.3 267.1 167.6 Value of products. 1909- 1914 -15.9 -47.3 6.8 20.8 19.4 -1.5 113.3 -4.8 167.1 87.2 -31.5 16.8 12.4 1904- 1909 10.2 97.4 434.5 68.9 73.0 -1.7 460.0 3.8 -3.8 24.4 37.1 1899- 1904 52.7 3.8 420.7 107.6 -35.8 -25.8 33.9 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 -5.4 22.0 21.3 1.5 30.6 23.9 136.1 85.5 -40.5 5.8 3.0 1904- 1909 75.7 522.2 71.4- 716.7 74.2 6.9 319.2 29.8 10.8 50.8 48.6 189»- 1904 72.7 ID . 111.9 -50.0 -27.0 34.8 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 34; a minus sign(— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Sama.number reported in both years. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 63 industries or industry groups, for eacli of which products valued at more than $200,000 were reported in 1914. These in- dustries include 9 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 5 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000 in value, 24 between $1,000,000 and $5,- 000,000, and 25 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibihty of disclos- ing the operations of individual establishments, are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, the principal ones being bags, other than paper; belting, leather; iron and steel, blast furnaces; leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished; mats and matting; roofing mate- rials; and stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. The manufacture of bags, other than paper, in which Minnesota ranked fourth among the states, is the most important of these industries. The rank of some of the industries shown separately in the table changes to a marked degree when deter- mined by average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture instead of by value of products. The flour-miU and gristmill industry, which ranked first in value of products, was fifth in number of wage earners and second in value added by manu- facture. Lumber, third in value of products, was first in wage earners and value added by manufac- ture. Butter and cheese and slaughtering and meat packing are also of less importance when measured by the number of persons employed or the value added by the processes to which the raw material is sub- jected. In rank according to the value of products there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 82101°— 18 46 " Digitized by 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, flour-miU and gristmill products, butter and cheese, and cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam railroad companies held the same rank in value of products at both censuses. Slaughtering and meat packing and the lumber industry exchanged places, while foimdry and machine-shop products and printing and publishing reversed the order of their importance. Food preparations held the same rank at both censuses. For the remainder of these indus- tries shght changes are noticeable from the earher census to the later. Flour-^miU and gristmiU products. — ^Minnesota is the leading state of the Union in this industry, contrib- uting 30 per cent of the total value of products of the state and 16.9 pet cent of the total value of products reported in 1914 for the industry in the entire United States. During the decade the value of the output increased 21.5 per cent, but there has been a steady decline in the percentage of increase shown from cen- sus to census. The statistics for 1914 include all mills grinding wheat, corn, rye, and other cereals, as well as those making hominy and grits, except custom mills grinding for toU or local consumption. Meas- ured by value of products, the industry ranks first in the state. The growth of the industry is further evi- denced by the increase in the average number pf,|Wage earners from 1909 to 1914, notwithstanding. a decrease in the number of establishments. The decrease jAmft 36 in the number of mills reported for 1914 .a^i ,c,onpi^ pared with 1909 (see Table 34) may be due m, part to the fact that some mills engaged in merchant, grind- ing during 1909 reported only custom work in 1914 and were not enumerated. It is also evident that some of the small mills went out of business during the period between the censuses. Microsoft® 722 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Slaughtering and meat pacTcing. — This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing es- tablishments and those engaged primarily in the manufacture of sausage. There has been a marked growth in the industry since 1899. In that year the value of products was $7,810,555 and in 1914 $47,710,059, an increase of $39,899,504, or 510.8 per cent. In 1914 the industry ranked second in the state in value of products, having advanced from the third place which it held at the three previous censuses. Lumber and timber products. — This industry em- braces not only logging operations, sawmills, and planiQg mills, but also wooden-box factories, the man- ufacture of window and door screens and weather strips, and the cutting of logs for wood-pulp manu- facture, etc. In capital invested, niunber of wage earners, amount paid in wages, and value added by manufacture it leads all others in the state. In value of products it was third in importance in the state in 1914 and second in ,1909. The increase in this item from 1909 to 1914 was $2,322,441, or 5.5 per cent. Butter and cheese. — The establishments included under this classification are engaged almost wholly in the manufacture of butter, as very little cheese was manufactured in 1914. The industry developed rap- idly during the decade 1904-1914, the value of products increasing from $12,871,129 to $33,746,396, a gain of 162.2 per cent. For the five-year period 1909-1914 the value of products increased $8,458,934, or 33.5 per cent. In the production of butter alone Minnesota ranks second among the states of the Union, but in the combined industries, butter, cheese, and condensed milk, it holds third place. In 1914 there was one establishment in the state manufacturing condensed milk. Foundry and machine-shop prodibds. — Not only foundries and machine shops, but also such alUed in- dustries as the manufacture of engines, gas meters, hardware, plumbers' suppHes, steam fittings, struc- tural ironwork, and automobile repairing are in- cluded in this classification. A nimiber of the most important establishments were engaged in the manu- facture of structural steel, ornamental and architec- tiiral ironwork, and various classes of engines and cast- ings. The large increase in number of estabhshments is due to the inclusion in 1914 of 150 shops where the repair work on automobiles was of the character of machine-shop work. The value of products more than doubled dining the decade 1904-1914 and for the five- ear peribd 1909-1914 increased $5,796,307, or 37.1 cent. / Cars amd general shop construction amd repairs by stediri^ailroad companies. — The industry represents the work done in the steam-railroad repair shops but does not include the minor repairs made in round- houses. The operations consist almost exclusively of repairs to the rolling stock and equipment. The rail- road repair shops gave employment in 1914 to more wage earners — 10,551 — and distributed a greater amount for wages — $7,544,270 — than any other in- dustry in the state, with the exception of lumber. Liquors, mdU. — ^This industry more than doubled its products during the decade. There was no increase in the niunber of breweries from 1909 to 1914, but the average number of wage earners increased' 24.1 per cent, and the value of products 35 per cent. Oil^ linseed. — Flax, which is one of the principal agricultural products of Minnesota and the Dakotas, fiuTiishes the raw material for the manufactiire of lin- seed oU. Eecent improvements in the methods of agriculture and the rotation of crops have made it highly profitable to raise flax, thereby stimulating the manufactm-e of linseed oil. In 1889 there were only three establishments located in the state, and the pro- duction of oil in that year was valued at $1,548,000. During the decade following the value of the output increased $1,725,000, or 111.4 per cent, while from 1899 to 1909 it advanced from $3,273,000 to $11,037,000, a gain of 237.2 per cent. In 1914 Mtonesota ranked sec- ond only to New York in the production of linseed oil. Of the total value of the output in the United States, this state cofltributed more than one-fourth. Dtuing the five years from 1909 to 1914 the value of products ad- vanced $1,319,990, or 12 per cent. Persons engaged in mannfactnring industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914j the niunber of per- sons engaged in manufacttu'es, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUE- mo ranusTEiES. a.iS3. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 115,690 104,406 100,158 90,058 15,532 14,348 86.6 86.3 13.4 13.7 9,542 9,142 9,300 8,908 242 234 97.5 97.4 2.5 2.6 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried officers of corporations . Superintendents and managers . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 6,233 5,376 1,731 1,596 2,678 2,170 13,314 10,497 92,834 84,787 5,071 6,206 1,681 1,660 2,548 2,142 10,183 7,891 80,695 73,259 162 170 50 36 30 28 3,151 2,606 12,139 11,508 96.9 96.8 97.1 97.7 98 8 98.7 76.3 76.2 86.9 86.4 3.1 3.2 2.9 2.3 1.2 1.3 23.7 24.8 13.1 13.6 92,660 84,461 274 S06 80,50^ 73,038 186 221 12,051 11,423 88 - 85 87.0 _ 86.5 67.9 72.2 13.0 13.5 321 27.8 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 728 Of the 115,690 persons, engaged in the manufac- tures of the State during 1914, more than four-fifths were wage earners. The sex distribution of this class was 86.9 per cent male and 13.1 per cent female. Clerks and other salaried employees, numbering 13,314, showed a larger proportion of females than any of the other classes, but the relative importance of this class was slightly less than in 1909. Of the 9,542 proprietors and officials, males constituted 97.5 per cent. Figures for individual industries will be found in Table 35. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase .from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. ProOTietore and officials Proprietors and flnu members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Cleric and other subordinate salaried employees.. Wage earners (average number) 16 years ol age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANDFACTUKING INDUSTHlfeS. Per cent of Increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 10.8 4.4 -2.7 8.5 18.8 9.5 9.6 -10.5 Male. 11.2 4.4 -2.6 7.8 19.0 28.8 10.2 10.2 -15.8 Female. 8.3 3.4 -4.7 20.9 5.5 5.5 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 lOO.O 8.2 4.5 1.5 2.2 11.5 80.2 80.0 0.2 100.0 8.8 5.1 1.5 2.1 10.1 81.2 80.9 0.3 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 9.3 5.1 1.7 2.5 10.1 80.6 80.4 0.2 100.0 9.9 5.8 1.7 2.4 8.8 81.3 81.1 0.2 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 1.6 1.0 0.3 0.2 20.3 78.2 77.6 0.6 100.0 1.6 1.2 0.3 0.2 18.2 80.2 79.6 0.6 ' A minus (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. With the exception of proprietors and firm members and wage earners under 16 years of age, there was an^ increase in all classes of employees engaged in the manufactures of the state. The decrease in the num- ber of proprietors and firm members is most pro- nounced in the butter and cheese, flour-mill and grist- mill, and lumber iudustries, and is accounted for by the fact that a number of small establishments went out of business between censuses, while some con^ trolled by individuals or partners later became iucor- porated companies. The decrease in the number of children employed is insignificant when considered in relation to the proportion which this class forms of the total number of wage earners, being two-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and three-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909. Wage earners over 16 years of age represented 80 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manu- facturing industries in the state in 1914 and 80.9 per cent ia 1909. - In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged ia manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earher census. (See "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occu- pational status. The table shows that during the decade ending with 1914, there were slight decreases in the proportions which proprietors and firm members and wage earners form of the total number of persons engaged in the manufactures of the state and a corresponding increase ia the proportion of salaried employees. The decrease in proprietors and firm members shown for the five- year period. 1909-1914 is explained in the analysis of Table 4. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Class. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 115,690 104,406 83,301 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.8 Proprietors and firm members. 5,233 17,623 92,834 5,376 14,263 84,767 4,524 9,141 69,636 4.5 15.2 80.2 5.1 13.7 81.2 5.4 11.0 83.6 -2.7 23.6 9.5 18.8 Wage earners (average) 21.7 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years and over, and children imder 16 years is given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904 The table also shows, for some of the important in- dustries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, there was but slight fluctuation from census to census in the proportion of male and female wage earners over 16 years of age, but the proportion for children has gradually declined. Of the 41 industries for which comparative figures are given in Table 6, 19 show an increased pro- portion of males and 18 an increased proportion of females, while in but 7 has there been an increase in Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 724 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. the proportion of children. Nine of the industries that gave employment to children in 1909 reported no employees of this class for 1914. The industries in which women greatly predominate as wage earners are men's clothing, hosiery and knit goods, and millinery and lace goods. In the manu- facture of confectionery, fur goods, patent medicines and compounds, paper boxes, food preparations, and in the roasting and grinding of coflee, although the proportion was smaller, the females also outnumbered the males. In the preparation of food products, the compounding of patent medicines and drugs, and in the manufacture of signs and advertising novelties there were considerable increases in the proportion of female wage earners 16 years of age and over in 1914, as com- pared with 1909. In the canning and preserving industry children under 16 years of age formed 9.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners in 1909, as compared with nine-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914. Table 6 AJl industries.. Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Butter and cheese Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Coffee, roasting and grinding. Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes. Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WA&E EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber.! 92,834 84,767 69,636 872 1,014 738 653 486 130 2,012 2,664 650 595 2,169 1,696 1,446 1,450 1,458 1,184 436 41S 854 868 10, 551 8,232 2,468 2,156 313 342 843 715 787 850 1,087 1,081 236 187 4,564 4,345 405 7,051 6,002 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Female, 86.7 86.2 87.4 100.0 100.0 95.4 71.1 63.8 43.7 44.-4 72.2 70.8 100.0 99.2 97.7 99.0 61.9 51.3 99.4 99.4 99.9 99.9 23.3 10.6 44.4 30.9 33.3 35.9 98.0 98.2 93. 4 94.4 94.1 96.3 98.0 98.3 45.1 50.1 13.0 13.5 12.1 0.2 4.6 28.2 35.7 55.4 64.8 27.1 28.3 2.1 0.7 37.2 39.5 0.6 54.7 49.6 0.3 0.4 Un- der 16 of age. 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.9 9.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 76.6 89.4 0.1 55.6 68.2 ""6." 9 66.5 63.5 0.2 0.6 2.0 1.4 '"6.'4 6.5 5.6 0.1 5.5 2.1 0.4 1.6 2.0 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Fur goods Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating. Hosiery and knit goods Leather goods Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products.. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Oil, linseed Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compotmds and druggists' preparations. Photo-engraving Printing and publishing Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures Woolen goods All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.i 1,739 1,695 2,088 1,052 750 870 203 2,052 1,653 20,947 20,704 1,579 1,738 440 453 400 374 1,345 607 613 475 234 168 6,134 5,641 116 2,587 1,921 1,261 1,613 448 277 7,816 7,575 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Hale. Female 37.7 42.7 100.0 100.0 14.6 16.6 80.5 82.9 100.0 100.0 99.7 100.0 87.3 85.9 10.1 2.4 95.5 100.0 100.0 ^97.4 98.4 56.0 87.6 94.6 76.3 73.8 62.2 94.8 97.6 97.5 69.6 72.5 54.2 63.1 74.4 72.4 62.3 67.2 "o.'i 0.9 0.9 ■ 0.3 0.7 85.4 81.7 ■ ■ 'i'.i 5.9 17.1 13.6 0.2 2.8 "■6.'i 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 12.7 14.1 ■ 89.9 97.6 4.5 3.7 "i'.o 2.6 1.6 56.0 43.4 0.2 0.6 12.4 5.4 22.5 25.3 1.2 0.9 37.8 6.2 2.4 2.2 "o.'s 29.7 26.6 46.6 46.2 25.5 27.1 Un- der 16 years of 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.5 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number in all industries, see "Explanation of terms." 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. ~ Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the eight cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Statistics for Virginia can not be shown separately without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 725 Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN— SEX AND AGE. i 1 d 1 §■ •T3 CO S 1 a Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6,538 6,083 3,987 65 755 807 724 28,295 26,962 21,671 1,429 626 19,483 19,339 14,363 621 688 965 2,070 16 years of age and over: Male 2,032 1,953 4,956 6,615 3,693 574 444 273 8 24 21 56 ■9 637 662 567 118 136 102 22,791 22,822 118,402 5,470 4,074 3,202 34 66 67 1,320 595 '"ios 30 1 1 15,340 14,653 10,673 4,106 4,742 3,658 37 44 32 482 632 906 127 153 50 12 3 1,639 Female 1,630 1,727 422 Under 16 years o( age.. 396 218 9 10 55 6 8 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over—, Male 89.6 92.3 92.6 10.4 7.3 6.8 0.1 0.4 0.5 86.2 ii's 84.4 82.0 78.3 16.6 16.7 14.1 80.6 84.6 84.9 19.3 16.1 14.8 0.1 0.2 0.3 92.4 96.0 ""7.' 6 4.8 0.1 0.2 78.7 75.3 74.3 21.1 24.5 26.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 77.6 77.3 94.8 20.6 22.2 6.2 1.9 0.4 79.2 Female Under 16 years of age. 80.2 88.4 20.4 19.5 11.2 0.4 1.2 7.6 0.3 0.4 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the cor- porate limits of the city. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on figures in Table 7. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAENEKS.l CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. Duluth 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 38.9 -9.0 52.6 4.3 -6.4 11.5 30.6 4.9 24.4 34.2 -11.7 52.0 12.3" -3.8 16.8 23.9 -0.1 24.0 110.3 29.3 62.6 15.7 -12.6 32.4 70.8 34.3 ■27.2 Mankato. Minneapolis St. Cloud 128.3 121.8 St. Paul 35.6 0.7 34.6 -35.0 -9.7 -28.0 6.0 1.9 4.0 43.7 5.4 36.4 -46.7 -9.4 -41.2 -5.1 0.6 -6.6 12.2 -13.4 29.6 ""-i7.'6' BtUlwater Winona 93.6 6.6 81.7 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. I Of the eight cities for which separate totals are given, the manufactures in five gave employment to more than 1,000 wage earners on the average diu'ing the year. Minneapolis reported nearly one-third of the total wage earners of the state, and nearly one- half of the combined total for the cities shown in the table. Four cities for which comparative figures are given show increases from census to census in the num- ber of women employed. The number of male wage earners greatly exceeds that of female in all cities, but an increasing proportion of women is shown in several cities. The number of female wage earners reported for St. Paul, Mankato, and Stillwater was less than the number in 1909. MinneapoUs employed more women than any other city — principally in the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods, bags, and men's clothing. The manu- factures of St. Paul, however, gave employment to the largest proportion of female wage earners, the industries furnishing employment being fur goods and millinery and lace goods. The employment of children in the cities of Minne- sota showed a steady decline from census to census. The total reported for the eight cities in 1914 was only 101, as compared with 154 in 1909, and 183 in 1904. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909, and for 1904 the average number employed during each month, together with the per- centage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January... February.. March. . . . . April May , June .July August September. October November. December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 1909 100, 96, 92, 92, 92, 92, 91, 89, 90, 88,995 79,918 80,909 82, 081 81, 134 82, 962 86,038 84,667 85,847 87,643 90,620 89, 603 86,896 1904 68, 195 68,703 68,460 65, 771 69,055 69, 603 68, 896 69,992 71,358 74,507 72, 275 68,817 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 98.2 100.0 96.9 92.3 92.2 92.2 91.9 91.0 89.6 90.4 89.1 88.9 90.6 89.5 91.5 93.8 93.4 94.7 96.7 100.0 98.8 95.9 91.5 92.2 91.9 88.3 92.7 93.4 92.5 93.9 96.8 100.0 97.0 92.4 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. The greatest number of wage earners were employed in the first three months of 1914, the maximum num- ber, 100,110, being reported for February. During 1904 and 1909 the greatest activity is shown for the fall months, the maximum number appearing for October, The greatest difference between the max- imum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 11,115 in 1914. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 726 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. and for the total industries of each city having a population of more than 10,000, for which statistics can be shown. Table 10 shows that for the majority of the princi- pal industries of the state there is a satisfactory sta- bility of employment. Lumber, the most important industry, as measured by the number of wage earn- ers, shows the greatest actual difference between the minimum and maximum months of employment. The timber camps which operate in winter account for the heavy enrollment of labor during that season. Brick and tile, also a seasonal industry, but of less importance, shows a greater relative fluctuation, the niunber of wage earners reported for the minimum month of employment being 35.8 per cent of the munber for the maximum month. Agricultural im- plement factories also show wide variation between the periods of greatest and least activity, March showing the employment of 1,104 wage earners and Novem- ber only 414. The least fluctuation in number em- ployed is shown for printing and publishing and tobacco manufactures, for which industries the per- centages that the minimtun formed of the maximum were 98.3 and 97.2, respectively. Table 10 INDUSTRY AND CTTT. AQE WAdE EABNERS: 19U. [Month o£ maximum employment for eacli industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day otthe month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. Au- gust. Sep- tem- ber. Oc- tober. No- vem- ber. De- cem- ber. Per cent mini- mum Isot man- mum. All industries Agricultural implements Boots and shoes Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter and cheese Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, Including shirts Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products foundry and maohine-snop products fur goodsi Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities i Dttluth HiBBING Mankato Minneapolis St. Cloud St. Paul Stillwateb Winona 92,834 98,336 100, no 96,982 92,417 92,257 92,310 92,007 91,128 89,739 90,525 89,202 88,995 872 2,012 2,169 1,446 1,458 854 10,551 2,468 843 1,087 4,664 7,051 838 1,739 1,038 2,088 2,052 20,947 1,579 1,345 6,134 2,687 1,261 15,851 58,256 1,031 1,964 g,07S 801 1,325 10,495 2,649 4,647 6,690 7eo t,6Si 880 l,97i 1,934 29,295 1,0S9 1,389 6,077 2,977 1,263 14,824 58,000 1,091 2,268 2,094 802 1,S19 10,573 2,607 817 973 4,673 6,e9e 771 1,776 878 2,052 1,89s 2»,e47 1,153 1,467 6,110 2,836 1,264 15,505 69,360 1,104 2,151 2,095 900 1,346 946 U,005 2,646 795 1,010 4,588 6,601 778 1,780 2,160 1,914 25,851 1,329 1,437 6,141 2,661 1,258 15,627 58,961 1,065 2,100 2,140 1,224 1,440 914 10,764 2,597 785 1,061 4,492 6,943 781 1,814 1,052 2,118 1,960 20,479 1,539 1,413 6,161 2,478 1,250 15,847 58,173 998 2,115 2,158 1,926 1,515 856 10,516 2,652 766 1,149 4,483 7,189 765 1,829 1,236 2,075 2,046 19,302 1,702 1,366 6,147 B,SBS 1,SA1 16,002 58,604 957 2,047 2,199 2,200 1,597 854 10,528 2,433 732 1,187 4,485 7,488 761 1,801 1,170 2,146 2,315 18,251 1,798 1,306 6; 175 2,444 1,241 16,197 59,097 1,012 2,026 2,182 2,235 1,597 870 10, 743 2,319 717 1,202 7,646 818 1,785 1,144 2,057 2,370 17,588 1,828 1,303 6,115 2,494 1,254 16,236 58,900 782 1,827 2,194 2,170 1,582 870 10,440 2,425 780 1,205 4,482 7,656 864 1,705 1,162 2,110 2,304 16,981 1,837 1,261 6,130 2,271 1,277 16,814 58,507 554 i,m 2,260 1,770 1,520 800 10,424 2,426 978 1,185 4,661 7,465 898 1,726 1,105 2,114 2,081 16,m 1,839 1,284 6,179 2,291 1,275 17,002 58,340 532 1,900 2,227 1,365 1,443 756 10,510 2,326 1,000 1,104 4,530 7,105 920 1,701 1,054 2,111 1,994 18,698 1,796 1,336 6,117 2,416 1,267 16,317 57,486 m 2,(S27 2,192 1,071 1,411 761 10.516 g,ei7 977 1,021 4,616 6,601 970 1,681 995 2,058 1,907 19,263 1,605 1,317 6,126 2,921 1,274 15,271 57,040 1,968 2,224 888 1,401 795 10,100 2,319 1,000 4,645 6,633 970 1,636 911 2,091 1,907 19,848 1,493 i,m 6,130 3,032 1,268 U,670 5,538 65 755 28,295 1,429 19,483 621 2,079 7,084 71 esi Se,960 i,sm 19,090 778 2,076 7,059 71 640 27,663 1,335 19, 782 781 2,029 6,666 67 703 27,587 1,343 19, 764 770 2,061 5,205 64 807 28,158 1,393 19, 761 736 2,049 4,768 63 846 1,448 19,934 772 2,085 64 829 29,211 1,485 19,932 742 2,146 4,718 64 837 29,013 1,513 19,890 702 2,163 834 29,479 1,455 19,319 487 2,176 4,719 ei 798 29,448 1,480 19,355 423 2,056 4,977 63 744 28,582 1,463 19,231 in 2,009 5,747 64 694 27,651 1,452 19,049 421 1,962 6,133 62 697 27,110 1,461 18,689 423 2,029 88.9 37.5 77.2 92.1 35.8 79.4 91.8 71.7 80.2 78.4 89.3 70.3 91.8 79.8 54.5 56.0 86.0 98.3 73.3 97.2 85.7 95.4 66.2 85.9 74.6 91.4 87.2 93.8 53.4 90.2 1 Excludes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. In 1914 the average number of wage earners in aU industries combined was 92,834 as compared with 84,767 in 1909^ but a comparison of the selected in- dustries covered by the table shows a wide diversity of increase and decrease in the number employed. Flour-mUl and gristmill products, the largest manu- facturing industry in the state, shows an increase of 219 in the average number of wage earners but less fluctuation in monthly employment in the later year than in the earlier, the percentage which the mini- mum number formed of the maximum in 1914 being 95.6, as compared with 87 in 1909. On the other hand, the lumber and timber industry, for which there appears a slight increase in average number of wage earners during the five-year period 1909-1914, showed a much greater fluctuation in 1914 than in 1909, the percentages which the minimum formed of the maximum number being 54.5 and 83, respec- Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 727 tively. Bread and other bakery products, flour- mill and gristmill products, printing and publishing, and the tobacco industry showed the most constant employment of wage earners. The leading cities, MinneapoUs, St. Paul, and Winona, show stabUity of employment, the percentage which the number re- ported for the minimum month of employment formed of the maximum, being 91.4, 93.8, and 90.2, respec- tively. The greatest fluctuation in the employment of wage earners was reported in Stillwater, where the pro- portion that the minimum number formed of the maxi- miun was 53.4 per cent. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage camera reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state have been classified according to number of houra of labor per week prevailing in the estabUshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants for which separate statistics can be given. The number employed in each establish^ ment is classified as a total even though a few em- ployees worked a greater or less number of hours. Table 11 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. V Total. In establishments where the prevaUing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54 Be- tween 54 and 60. 60 Be- tween 60 and 72. 72 Over 72. AUindustries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 92,834 84,767 14,041 7,745 8,499 6,452 18, 116 12,754 13,753 14,206 35,563 40,103 1,744 1,680 934 1,269 184 568 Agricultural implements 872 1,014 2,012 2,664 2,169 1,696 1,446 1,450 1,458 1,184 854 868 10,551 8,232 2,468 2,156 843 715 1,087 1,081 4,564 4,345 7,051 6,002 838 1,056 1,739 1,695 1,038 848 2,088 1,052 2,052 1,653 20,947 20,704 1,579 1,738 1,345 607 6.134 5^641 2,687 1,921 1,261 1,613 15,851 14,832 58,256 1 1 39 9 6 432 8 983 202 162 40 309 114 164 36 2,257 4,014 528 642 435 47 146 143 904 1,300 1,126 856 340 254 423 356 18 4 2,021 48 645 438 1,668 228 184 149 179 39 779 1,732 75 26 8 17 10 40 411 182 3,049 683 968 762 920 776 1,255 975 1,210 809 692 240 622 1,067 2,159 31 53 53 501 157 89 1,646 1,207 1,547 1,669 Boots and shoes 4 74 4 11 232 121 283 182 235 245 12 3 2,031 336 738 149 22 4 473 463 1,458 363 200 32 23 146 14 10 13 15 35 23 76 7 1 54 43 5 10 1 Brirlr, tilft, pottery, and nth^x c^y pro^inrts 2 Butter and cheese 20 4 27 25 1,746 1,484 1,035 272 36 4 24 118 16 42 5 Carriages and wagons and materials 4 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 401 239 136 1,040 '297 159 287 268 18 907 3,747 3,398 3 2 442 77 633 ' f^oppPf, tf"j ftTld pTiflAt-irnTi prnHncts FIonr-TTiill and ^istTTiiil pro'lucts , 355 343 42 181 232 2 Foundry and machine-shop products 3 389 67 472 6ia 9 16 Fur goods 44 851 1,236 43 9 287 7 17 813 Hosiery and tnit goods 32 866 138 347 392 17,770 19,574 213 549 900 77 172 210 2,549 1,881 46 77 3,926 4,581 11,676 Liquors, malt 1,057 617 28 133 971 714 3 206 706 442 197 326 Lumber and timber products 425 343 324 7 5 i4 Paper and wood pulp '"'448' 22 162 445 66 26 Printing and publishing 3,442 1,905 1 1 925 1,175 1,808 1,142 12,267 1,639 2,106 15 13 210 290 2,318 1,442 7,777 795 863 13 22 78 39 4,476 2,947 14,361 64 395 9 2 2 34 2,701 4,048 10,688 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Tobacco manufactures All other industries 210 35 837 263 111 545 149 528 105 Total for cities * 5,538 65 755 28,295 1,429 19,483 621 2,070 464 42 S5 6,403 486 4,592 60 165 308 1,364 239 9,013 95 2,980 46 619 797 2,264 18 397 5,359 678 2,406 290 264 183 83 75 HiBBINO Uameato . 24 1,612 96 5,230 4 503 9 5,464 49 3,667 204 498 27 195 10 422 4 244 15 182 17 5 St. Cloud St. Padi... . 4 Stolwateb WmONA 2i > Excludes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 728 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. The figures in the preceding table, for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day. The entire increase of 8,067 in the number of wage earners occurred in estabhshments in which the prevaihng hours of labor were 54 or less per week. Four of the five groups of estabhsh- ments operating more than 54 hours per week show a decrease in the number of wage earners employed. In 1909, 43,610, or more than one-half of the total average number of the total wage earners in aU industries combined were employed in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours of labor were 60 or more per week, while but 38,426, or more than two-fifths, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners in estabhshments whose working hours were less than 60 per week increased from 41,157 in 1909 to 54,409 in 1914. Estabhshments operating on the 10-hour a day basis employed the largest nmnber of wage earners in 1914, as in 1909. The lumber in- dustry contributed almost one-half of the employees in this group at both censuses. Among the separate industries, men's clothing shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 49.3 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabhshments where the hours of labor were 54 or less per week, while in .1914 the pro- portion thus employed had increased to 93.2 per cent. In the hosiery and knit goods industry in 1909 only 4.6 per cent of the wage earners were employed in estabhshments reporting their prevailing hours of labor as 54 or less per week, but in 1914 all of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establish- ments where such hoiirs prevailed. Foundry and machine-shop products, lumber and timber products, and printing and pubhshing also show decreased hours of employment. Of the 58,256 wage earners in the cities for which separate statistics can be given in 1914, 45,093, or more than three-fotu'ths, were in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours were less, than 60 per week, while only 13,163 were in estabhshments in which the hours were 60 or more per week. In Minneapohs the greatest number of wage earners were employed in estabhshments operating 54 hours per week, while in St. Paul the greatest number were employed from 48 to 54 hours. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Minnesota were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants in 1914 for which separate statistics can be given. Table m Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HATING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OVER. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVING A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. POPULATION OP 10,000 OK OVER:' Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent aggre- gate. Nnmber of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 8 7 6 734,276 644,364 461,383 2,622 2,284 1,603 58,256 56,537 39,611 $299,741,311 261,481,912 141,976,434 105,343,602 89,296,852 47,089,324 5 4 3 64,713 49,746 42,631 293 269 151 4,940 4,153 3,314 $23,475,663 19,907,144 9,701,844 7,614,121 6,858,783 3,295,974 1 1 1 89,331 78,466 52,969 243 194 126 5,538 . 6,083 ♦ 3,658 $19,729,283 17,180,063 7,810,737 8,211,614 8,336,133 4,151,749 2 2 2 580,232 516,152 365,783 2,086 1,821 1,326 47,778 46,301 32,639 $256,536,365 224,394,705 124,463,853 89,517,867 74,101,936 39,641,601 Population 2 2,213,919 2,075,708 1,751,394 5,974 5,561 4,096 92,834 84,767 64,557 $493,354,136 409,419,621 223,692,922 156,504,922 127,797,334 73,393,645 33.2 31.0 26.3 43.9 41.1 39.1 62.8 66.7 61.4 60.8 63.9 63.5 67.3 69.9 64.2 2.9 2.4 2.4 4.9 4.8 3.7 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.9 4.3 4.9 5.4 4.5 4.0 3.8 3.0 4.1 3.5 3.1 6.0 7.2 5.7 4.0 4.2 3.5 5.2 6.5 5.7 26.2 24.9 20.9 34.9 32.7 32.4 51.5 54.6 50.6 52.0 54.8 55.6 57.2 58.0 54.0 1,479,643 1,431,344 1,290,011 3,352 3,277 2,493 34,578 28,230 24,946 $193,612,825 147,937,709 81,716,488 51,161,320 38,500,482 26,304,321 66.8 Number of establishments. Average number of wage earners. 68.9 73,9 56.1 58.9 60.9 37.2 33.3 38.6 39.2 Value added by manufac- ture. 36.1 36.5 32.7 30.1 35.8 1 Includes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Table 12 shows that the increase in the manufac- tures of the state was general and extended to both the urban and rural districts. During the 15 years covered by the table the increase in the value of products for the urban districts, represented by the cities of 10,000 inhabitants or over amoimted to- $157,764,877, or 111.1 per cent, while that of the rural 2 Census estimate of population for 1914. districts amounted to $111,896,337, or 136.9 per cent. The relative importance of the manufactures, as meas- ured by the value of products for the districts outside the cities, has increased, while that of the cities has decreased. On the other hand, the per cent that the estabhshments, wage earners, and value added by manufacture, of the estabhshments in the districts Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 729 outside of cities, has decreased, while the relative importance of the manufactures of the cities, as meas- ured by these items, has increased. Comparisons for the cities or for the districts outside are affected by the increase in the population of cities. The popula- tion of Hibbing in 1909 and 1899 and that of St. Cloud and, Virginia in 1899, was less than 10,000, and the statistics for these cities, therefore, were included with those for the outside districts. Virginia had more than 10,000 inhabitants in 1909 and in 1914, but for the later date statistics are included in the outside districts in order to aToid disclosure of individual operations and at the' earlier date are in the same group for comparative purposes. The eight cities, which contained a third of the estimated population of the state in 1914, reported about two-thirds of the total value of products and of the total average ntunber of wage earners. The cor- responding proportions for 1909 differed only shghtly from those shown in 1914. The relative importance in manufactures of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants for which separate statistics can be given, as measured by aver- age number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which com- parative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 1.3 CITY. AVERAGE NDMBEB OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 MiTiTifln-polis 28,295 19,483 5,538 2,070 755 1,429 621 65 26,962 19,339 6,083 - 2,032 807 626 688 21,671 14,363 3,987 1,953 724 ""956 $187,854,159 68,682,206 19,729,283 - 14,304,780 4,344,114 2,695,492 1,876,877 254,400 3165,404,680 58,990,025 17,180,063 11,199,622 3,722,736 2,299,063 2,685,723 8121,162,416 38,318,704 10,139,009 7,850,236 3,422,117 St. Paul Duluth Winona Mankato St. Cloud Stillwater 2, 784, 113 Hibbing The manufactures of Minneapohs, St. Paul, Duluth, Winona, and Mankato, show an increase in value while those for Stillwater decreased, for each of the five-year periods 1904-1909 and 1909-1914.' For the period 1909-1914 Duluth and Mankato show a decrease in average number of wage earners, notwithstanding an increase in value of products. Minneapohs, the largest city in the state, is also its most important industrial center. Ranked by value of products, it was fourteenth among the cities of the United States in 1909 and 1914, and fifteenth in 1904. During the decade the value of its manufactures in- creased $66,691,743, or 55 per cent, and in 1914 represented 38.1 per cent of the total for the state. The value of the output of the flour-mills and grist- mills of the city constituted 57.4 per cent of the total for the industry in the state, and nearly haK of the total value of all manufactured products reported for the city. Of the total value of the flour-mill and gristmill products of continental United States in 1914, this city contributed 9.7 per cent. Other important industries of Minneapohs, in the order of their impor- tance as measured by value of products, are foundries and machine shops, the linseed oil and lumber indus- tries, printing and publishing, and the manufacture of bags. More than four-fifths of the linseed oil produced in the state, as measured by value, is manu- factured in Minneapohs. The extensive miUing oper- ations account for the large production of bags. St. Paul, the second city in the state in both popu- lation and manufactures, shows an increase of 79.2 per cent in value of products during the decade. The chief industries are printing and publishing and foundries and machine shops, although the breweries, the manufacture of butter, fur goods, boots and shoes, and steam-raihoad repair shops, are also important. The leading industry of Duluth is the manufacture of lumber, the value of its products constituting about one-fifth of the total manufactures reported for the city. Other important industries are foimdries and machine shops, breweries, and printing and publishing. Flour rnilling and gristmilling and the manufacture of patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations constitute the most important industries of Winona. Mankato and St. Cloud owe their industrial develop- ment to the flour-mill industry, and StUlwater to the production of boots and shoes. The leading industry in Virginia was lumber, and in Hibbing, bakery prod- ucts. Metropolitan district of Miniieapolis-St. Paul. — The Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan district embraces 96,459 acres, of which 65,457 acres represent the area of Minneapolis and St. Paul, and 31,002 acres the area of the outside territory. The accompanying out- line map shows the boundaries of the district. HIIINIIMIIPBM WEST UMNEAPOUSI VILLAGE The estimated population of Minneapolis in 1914 was 343,466, that of St. Paul 236,766 and that of the out- side territory 15,365, the total for the district being 595,597. The district comprises, in addition to the Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 730 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. cities of Minneapolis and St. Paul, the villages of Ediaa, West Minneapolis, and St. Louis Park, in Hennepin County, and the cities of South St. Paul and West St. Paul in Dakota County. Summary for the district. — ^Table 14 is a summary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, with a statement of the estimated population in 1914 of the Minneapolis-St. Paul district, of the cities of Min- neapohs and St. Patd, and of the remainder of the district; the percentages which the figures for Minne- apohs and St. Paul represent separately of the total for the district being shown for each item. Table 14 MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL METKOPOLITAN DISTKICT: 1914. The district. Minneapolis. St. Paul. District exclusive of Minneapolis and St. Paul. PEE CENT OF TOTAL FOB DI3TEICT. Minne- apolis. St. Paul. Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital , Sa&iies and wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 595,597 2,116 64,632 1,867 12,068 50,697 154,451 $206,599,072 49,545,769 15,632,595 33,913,174 1,534,494 4,955,145 199,383,335 295,292,681 95,909,246 343,466 1,349 36,459 1,217 6,947 28,295 109,040 $115,591,908 28,481,977 9,587,328 18,894,649 984,635 2,753,103 131,199,445 187,854,159 56,654,714 S76, 1; 12, 2, 35, 68, 32, 236,766 737 24,680 628 4,569 19,483 38,886 789,920 155,356 359,705 795,651 847,021 087,643 819,053 682,206 863,153 J14, 2, 2. 38, 15,365 30 3,493 22 552 2,919 6,525 217,244 908,436 685,562 222,874 2,838 114,399 364,837 756,216 391,379 57.7 63.8 56.4 65.2 57.6 55.8 70.6 55.9 57.5 62.4 55.7 64.2 55.6 65.8 63.6 59.1 37.9 38.4 25.2 37.2 36.6 34.9 37.7 35.6 42.1 18.0 23.3 34.3 ' Estimated population July 1, 1914. In 1914 the metropoUtan district had 2,116 manu- facturing estabUshments, which gave employment to 64,632 persons dvuing the year and paid out $49,545,769 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 50,697 were wage earners. These estab- lishments manufactured products to the value of $295,- 292,581, to produce whigh materials were used costing $199,383,335. The value added by manufacture was thus $95,909,246. Comparison with earlier censuses. — ^Table 15 gives statistics for the district for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Per- centages of increase are shown for the territory in- cluded in the metropoUtan district for the decade and for each five-year period. The relative increase in all the items for which com- parative figures are given in the table was smaller dur- ing the more recent five-year period 1909-1914 than during the period 1904-1909. For the decade, the rela- tive increase was much greater in number of salaried employees and salaries than for any other items. The average number of wage earners increased 36.9 per cent during this period, while the amount paid forwages increased 77.1 per cent, and the value of products 82.5 per cent. Table X5 MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. 1914 1909 1901 PEE CENT or INCREASE. 1904- 1914 190»- 1914 1904- 1909 Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . 1595,597 2,116 64,632 1,867 12,068 50,697 154, 461 $206,599,072 49,546,769 15,632,595 33,913,174 199,383,335 295,292,581 95,909,246 2 526,258 1,844 59,920 1,674 9,978 48,268 119,219 $160,628,295 38,596,508 10,871,801 27,724,707 166,823,348 244,339,598 77,516,250 $108, 25, 5, 19, 109, 161, 52, 473,762 1,506 44,297 1,423 5,830 37,044 90,111 209,964 142,703 994,418 148,285 364,757 803,453 438,696 25.7 40.5 45.9 31.2 107.0 36.9 71.4 90.9 97.1 160.8 77.1 82.3 82.5 82.9 13.2 14.8 7.9 11.5 20.9 5.0 29.6 28.6 28.4 43.8 22.3 19.6 20.9 23.7 11.1 22.4 35.3 17.6 71.1 sas 32.3 48.4 53.5 81.4 44.8 52.5 51.0 47.8 I Estimated population July 1, 1914. ! Apr. 16, 1910. ' State census, June 1, 1905. Comparatvve summary, ly industries. — Table 16 gives statistics for 1914 and 1909 for selected industries of the district having products of $2,000,000 or more. There were 272 more establishments in the district in 1914 than in 1909, but the number of wage earners increased only 5 per cent and the value of products 20.9 per cent. The greatest relative gain in value of Digitized by products during this period was in the manufacture of butter, 70.1 per cent. Of the industries shown in Table 16, foundries and machine shops and gas plants were the only ones which operated to any extent in the part of the district which is outside the corporate hmits of Mitmeapolis and St. Paul. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 781 TabM 16 Census year. MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PATH. METEOPOLITAN DISTBICT: 1914 AN! 1909. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. . Cost of materials. Value of products. nrousTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salaried employ- ees. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Value added by manufao- turc All industries...: 1914 1909 1914 1909 2,116 1,844 64,632 59,920 1,867 1,674 12,068 9,978 50,697 48,268 154,451 119,219 1206,599,072 160,628,295 $15,632,595 10, 871, 801 833,913,174 27,724,707 8199,383,335 166,823,348 $295,292,681 244,339,598 895,909,246 77,516,250 Bread emd other bakery products. 196 1169 2,325 1,663 194 185 499 214 1,632 1,264 1,973 '800 5,451,435 4,138,935 470,783 229,472 970,026 734,041 3,584,908 2,779,482 6,504,202 4,973,477 2,919,294 2,193,995 Butter 1914 1909 15 13 276 151 4 10 98 64 174 77 898 859 985,827 379,707 104,355 41,614 131,808 56,072 4,342,019 2,529,913 4,753,108 2,794,601 411 089 264] 688 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-rail- road companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts. 1914 1909 1914 1909 12 10 32 30 6,536 5,251 2,264 1,906 25 37 328 269 316 179 6,208 4,982 1,923 1,690 6,974,( 5,195 481 331 10,936,246 8,281,634 2,226,591 1,783,787 358,070 274,391 302,739 194,565 4,303,075 3,440,205 789,433 567,982 3,654,985 4,183,112 2,841,873 2,255,321 8,365,404 7,949,016 4,464,529 3,528,281 4,710,419 3,765,904- 1,622,356 1,272,960 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts. 1914 1909 96 78 1,051 1,121 101 71 128 136 822 914 441 424 2,87.5,691 2,570,297 137,274 138,272 536,040 645,411 1,161,370 1,074,716 2,377,523 2,220,929 1,216,163 1,146,213 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 119 113 4,220 3,594 10 6 1,630 1,309 2,580 2,279 61,884 50,598 25,657,517 19,869,105 2,233,303 1,295,351 2,025,660 1,530,425 73,078,503 70,952,696 85,132,444 78,669,808 12,053,941 7,717,112 Food preparations, not elsewhere speci&ea. 1914 1909 20 25 541 505 14 21 136 104 391 380 1,089 710 1,594,400 1,390,247 284,850 207,598 232,838 191,180 2,874,018 . 2,442,238 4,739,118 3,723,829 1,865,100 1,281,591 Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. 1914 1909 214 144 6,653 5,758 166 94 1,091 880 5,396 4,784 11,636 7,032 19,081,754 13,208,513 1,606,950 993,031 4,056,324 3,082,677 7,773,624 5,786,604 16,602,184 12,394,257 8,828,560 6,607,653 1914 1909 29 31 1,133 1,219 28 34 303 190 802 995 345 272 3,168,177 2,122,833 329,761 218,632 532,051 541,092 2,609,637 2,123,248 4,074,641 3,620,482 1,465,004 1,497,234 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 44 42 1,409 , 1,451 37 35 182 162 1,190 1,264 2,848 1,877 3,203,214 2,865,578 270,102 181,191 820,677 734,299 1,304,970 1,612,522 3,209,067 2,940,460 1,904,097 1,427,938 Gas, illuminating and heating. . . . 1914 1909 7 4 1,129 879 230 131 899 748 4,371 1,109 15,576,822 12,141,317 285,286 140,805 565,930 237,772 1,447,627 646,732 3,604,958 2,491,300 2,157,331 1,845,568 Lumber and timber products 1914 1909 58 151 3,673 5,990 30 30 359 311 3,284 5,649 10,443 14,628 10,873,745 13,235,052 520,941 506,919 2,172,073 3,189,933 5,462,702 6,961,605 10,454,134 13,186,892_ 4,991,432 6,225,287 Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. 1914 1909 78 77 719 799 61 62 298 443 360 294 471 417 954,582 2,138,966 234,906 236, 476 174,794 122,082 697,673 614,867 2,167,124 2,119,126 1,469,451 1,604,259 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 369 329 6,916 6,258 285 374 2,248 2,044 ,4,383 3,840 4,738 3,963 10,528,422 9,934,236 2,663,521 1,934,362 3,114,654 2,509,881 4,493,036 3,215,188 15,768,146 12,298,881 11,275,110 9,083,693 All other industries . 1914 1909 937 828 25,787 23,375 912 715 4,222 3,552 20,653 19,108 45,859 31,004 93,584,649 66,568,088 5, 829, 764 4,279,122 13,487,791 10,241,655 84,056,390 59,746,104 123,076,299 91,428,259 39,019,909 31,682,155 I Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The principal industry of the district is the manufac- ture of flour which, with the exception of two establish- ments in St. Paul, was confined to Minneapolis. Other important industries of the district were foundries and machine shops, printing and publishing, the lumber industry, and steam-railroad repair shops. In addi- tion to the industries shown in Table 16, there were three having products valued at more than $2,000,000, namely, boots and shoes; coffee, roasting and grind- ing; and malt liquors. Character of ownership. — ^Table 17 presents statis- tics in respect to character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for indi- vidual cities, the figures are for aU industries com- bined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. The marked tendency toward the corporate form of ownership in the state is shown by the increasing proportion of the total average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations at each successive census. While this class reported but 24.8 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, it is credited with 83.6 per cent of the total value of products and 81.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for all classes of establish- ments. The manufacture of fur goods and the butter and cheese industry, which includes ntmierous cream- eries operated by cooperative associations, are the two industries in which the largest proportion of the total value of products is reported by establishments other than those under corporate ownership. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 732 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 17 NUMBER or AVERAGE NUMBER OF "W.A.GE OWNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCT.S. Cen- OWNED BY— In establishments Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by— Per cent of total. INDUSTRY AND CITY. sus year. Total. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- porar tions. All Oth- ers. Indivld- . uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,825 2,654 2,325 1,482 1,326 922 1,667 1,581 1,509 92,834 84,767 69,636 8,502 9,123 9,689 75,505 67,475 49,889 8,827 8,169 10,158 9.2 10.8 13.8 81.3 79.6 71.6 9.5 9.6 14.6 3493,354,136 409,419,621 307,858,073 $31,330,735 37,022,048 35,226,563 S412,386,480 330,924,567 234,013,794 $49,636,921 41,473,006 38,617,716 6.4 9.0 11.4 83.6 80.8 76.0 10.1 10.1 12.5 Bread and other bakery products. 346 331 40 19 57 53 2,169 1,696 738 687 1,263 801 168 208 34.0 40.5 68.2 47.2 7.7 12.3 8,724,162 6,786,083 2,966,004 2,766,373 5,076,418 3,189,787 681,740 828,923 34.0 40.8 58.2 47.0 7.8 12.2 Butter and cheese 1914 1909 126 150 48 46 633 588 1,458 1,184 167 192 356 165 945 827 10.8 16.2 24.4 13.9 64.8 69.9 33,746,396 26,287,462 3,269,926 4,592,276 8,453,162 3,957,931 22,023,308 16,737,255 9.7 18.2 25.0 15.7 65.3 66.2 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 1914 1909 38 28 10,651 8,232 10,651 8,232 100.0 100.0 14,594,018 12,630,653 14,694,018 12,630,653 100.0 100.0 Clothing, men's, includ- ing sMrts. 1914 1909 14 6 23 21 8 14 2,468 2,156 161 67 1,824 1,486 483 603 6.5 S'.l 73.9 68.9 19.6 28.0 5,616,322 4,458,919 279,832 181,661 4,562,546 2,865,042 773,944 1,412,216 5.0 4.1 81.2 64.2 13.8 31.7 riour-ralll and gristmill products. 1914 1909 105 127 105 123 76 72 4,564 4,345 282 392 3,984 3,707 io 6.2 9.0 87.3 86.3 6.5 5.7 148,243,708 139,136,129 5,999,866 10,384,644 134,861,980 121,296,305 7,381,872 7,456,180 4.0 7.5 91.0 87.2 5.0 5.4 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 158 72 150 122 101 53 7,0,51 6,002 498 456 5,395 4,776 1,158 770 7.1 7.6 76.5 79.6 16.4 12.8 21,405,023 15,608,716 1,144,480 1,153,68S 17,887,742 12,650,448 2,372,801 1,904,680 5.3 7.4 83.6 80.4 11.1 12.2 1914 1909 21 29 9 7 6 6 838 1,056 102 200 147 607 589 349 12.2 18.9 17.5 48.0 70.3 33.0 4,207,468 3,775,970 344,222 858,822 692,714 1,757,912 3,170,532 1,169,236 8.2 22.7 16.5 46.6 75.4 30.7 1914 1909 .21 21 36 34 8 10 2,052 1,653 86 75 1,915 1,626 51 52 4.2 4.5 93.3 92.3 2.5 3.1 14,266,296 10,568,452 387, 630 290, 799 13,639,940 10,069,982 238,726 207,671 2.7 2.8 95.6 95.3 1.7 2.0 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 220 265 135 128 98 132 20,947 20,704 1,381 1,431 18,157 18,220 1,409 1,053 6.6 6.9 86.7 88.0 6.7 6.1 44,674,948 42,352,607 2,707,087 2,396,899 40,111,826 38,163,207 1,866,035 1,792,401 6.1 6.7 89.8 90.1 4.1 4.2 1914 9 9 168 168 100.0 5,636,696 4,314,806 12,356,906 11 036 916 5,636,696 4,314,805 12,3.56,906 11,036,916 15,806,087 11,646,607 100.0 100.0 1914 1909 6 6 400 374 400 374 100.0 100 100.0 100.0 Printing and publishing.. 1914 1909 611 584 210 175 173 191 6,134 5,641 1,196 1,297 4,413 3,742 525 602 19.5 23.0 71.9 66.3 8.6 10.7 20,186,594 15,982,212 3,011,354 2, 852, 132 1,369,153 1,483,473 14.9 17.8 78.3 72.9 6.8 9.3 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 11 12 9 11 9 7 2,587 1,92) 47 37 2,459 1,824 81 60 1.8 1.9 95.1 95.0 3.1 3.1 47,710,059 25, 753, 697 614, 397 431,604 4.5,642,481 24,680,830 1,453,181 641,363 1.3 1.7 95.7 95.8 3.0 2.5 Total for cities ' 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,162 952 508 58,266 4,437 48,686 5,133 7.6 83.6 8.8 299,741,311 14,188,800 267,978,043 17,574,468 4.7 89.4 6.9 102 15 34 686 101 2 16 511 40 10 14 253 5,538 65 756 28, 295 1,429 19,483 621 2,070 419 46 202 2,019 167 1,348 78 168 4,794 ""'384 24,644 919 15677 622 1,846 326 2 19 169 1,732 7.6 70.8 26.8 7.1 86.6 ""so." 9 86.7 5.9 229.2 22.4 6.1 19,729,283 264,400 4,344,114 187,854,159 2,696,492 68,682,206 1,876,877 14,^4,780 1,301,926 183,478 479,308 5, 810, 546 17,012,231 1,415,126 2 70,922 531,442 6, 805, 843 6.6 72.1 11.0 3.1 86.2 ■■76.' 7 93.3 7.2 HlBBIN(r 2 27.9 MaNKATO 3,333,364 176,237,770 12.2 3.6 1914 1914 1914 1914 37 333 19 37 20 254 10 38 20 150 6 16 353 2,458 21 56 11.0 6.9 12.6 8.1 64.3 80.5 84.1 89.2 24.7 12.6 3.4 2.7 689,459 4,888,220 237,299 598,564 1,511,583 55,842,893 1,589,486 13,450,716 494,460 7,951,093 50,092 255,600 25.6 1A 12.6 4.2 56.1 81.3 84.7 94.0 IS. 3 St Paul 11.6 2.7 Winona 1.8 ^ Excludes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes the group "corporations.' Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, is indicated by the statistics given in the following table. Table 18 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5,974 5,561 4,756 92,834 84,767 69,636 $493,354,136 $409,419,621 $307,858,073 $156,504,922 $127,797,334 $97,304,124 Less than $5,000 2,046 1,894 1,476 486 72 1,969 1,743 1,347 437 65 1,715 1,646 992 364 39 2,108 7,238 15, 170 38,311 30,007 2,194 6,767 14, 180 37,726 23,900 1,968 6,397 13,258 34,455 13,558 6,094,063 19,742,774 63,585,461 144,677,126 260,254,712 4,663,743 18,742,099 56,703,495 130,802,555 198,507,729 4,189,970 17,401,291 42,029,326 111,696,067 132,541,419 3, 368, 140 10,370,932 23,117,977 56,613,265 63,044,608 3,080,907 9,419,792 20,748,523 51,618,590 42,929,522 2,756,313 $S,000to$20,000... 8,251,465 $20,000 to $100,000 17,299,268 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 45,194,100 23,802,&78 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 34.2 31.7 24.7 8.1 1.2 35.4 31.3 24.2 7.9 1.2 36.1 34.6 20.9 7.7 0.8 2.3 7.8 16.3 41.3 32.3 2.6 8.0 16.7 44.5 28.2 2.8 9.2 19.0 49.5 19.5 1.0 4.0 12.9 29.3 52.8 1.1 4.6 13.8 31.9 48.5 1.4 5.7 13.6 36.3 43.1 2.1 6,6 14.8 36.2 40.3 2.4 7.4 16.2 40.4 33.6 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000. . . 8.5 $20,000 to $100,000 17.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 46.4 24.5 In 1914, 558 estabhshments, or 9.3 per cent of the I exceeding $100,000 in v.alue, as compared with 502, or total number in the state, each rfR9;;^^(^gf;^]afi^ iJ^-4.^pu^xasi^f the total, in 1909, and 403, or 8.5 per MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 733 cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments reported 68,318 as the average number of wage earners, or 73.6 per cent of the total for the state, 82.1 per cent of the total value of products, and 76.5 per cent of the'^total value added by manufacture. The small establish- ments, those having products valued at less than $5,000 in 1914, represented 34.2 per cent of the total number of establishments but reported only 1 per cent of the total value of products, 2.1 per cent of value added by manufacture, and 2.3 per cent of the average number of wage earners. Table 19 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 10 of the more important industries, a classification of establish- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 18 for all industries combined. Table 19 DIDUSTEY AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. Bread and other bakery products Less tlian $5,000 tS.OOO to 120,000 $20,000 to 1100,000 $100,000 and over Butter and cheese Less tlian $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and overi Cars and general shop con- struction AND REPAIRS, BY steam-railehad companies. , »5,00ai» $20,000 mooo to $100,000 1100,000 to $1,000,000 ^ 11,000,000 and over Clothing, men's, zncluding SHIRTS Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Flour - mill and . gristmill products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over # Foundry and machine-shop products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and o ver i Fur goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over 1 , Liquors, malt Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Lumber and timber products. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 .. . $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over Printinq and publishinq Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over number op establish- ments. 19U 172 212 47 112 807 497 38 45 4 11 19 111 286 17 55 131 68 25 147 146 79 37 193 107 78 66 9 994 560 293 111 26 5 1909 403 188 166 39 10 784 "~41 286 28 22 322 4 60 172 62 24 247 525 284 117 54 950 579 249 126 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 47.9 10.6 2.7 100.0 4 29.6 61.6 4.7 100.0 7.9 34.2 50.0 7.9 100.0 8.9 24.4 42.2 24.4 100.0 5.9 19.2 45.8 20.3 8.7 100.0 35.9 35.7 19.3 9-.0 100.0 27.8 22.2 33.3 16.7 100.0 6^ 27.7 36.9 23.1 6.2 100.0 42.6 23.6 17.2 14.6 2.0 100.0 66.3 29.6 11.2 2.6 0.6 100.0 100.0 7.1 28.6 50.0 14.3 100.0 17 51.2 24.4 100.0 1.2 18.6 63.4 19.3 7.5 100.0 22.3 35.2 30.0 12.6 100.0 28.6 31.0 23.8 16.7 100.0 10.8 29.2 35.4 20.0 4.6 100.0 54.1 22.3 10.3 11.8 1.6 100.0 60. 26.2 10.1 2.7 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1911 2,169 118 553 427 1,071 1,468 " 16 223 833 10,651 21 455 6,250 3,825 2,468 142 669 1,669 4,564 69 347 648 3,502 7,051 207 712 1,406 4,726 838 20,947 326 904 1,863 8,388 9,466 6,134 674 1,056 1,599 1,500 1,406 1909 341 845 1,184 20 255 752 157 8,232 386 4,087 3,759 2,166 23 111 417 1,605 4,346 53 409 727 3,153 6,002 66 439 1,296 4,201 1,056 15 68 121 852 1,663 8 60 203 446 936 20,704 411 663 1,464 11,059 7,107 6,641 710 1,127 1,496 2,308 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 100.0 5.4 25.5 19.7 49.4 100.0 1.1 16.3 67.1 26.5 100.0 0.2 4.3 59.2 36.3 100.0 0.3 5.8 26.7 67.2 100.0 0.2 1.3 7.6 14.2 76.7 100.0 2.9 10.1 19.9 67.0 100.0 0.8 4.2 21.2 73.7 100.0 02 2.3 11.4 26.6 69.6 100.0 1, 4.3 40.0 46.2 100.0 9.4 17.2 26.1 24.5 22.9 100.0 7.2 22.9 20.1 100.0 1.7 21.6 63.6 13.3 100.0 4.7 49.6 45.7 100.0 1.1 5.1 19.3 74.4 100.0 0.1 1.2 9.4 16.7 72.6 100.0 1.1 7.3 21.6 70.0 100.0 1.4 6.4 11.5 80.7 100.0 12.3 27.0 66.6 100.0 2.0 3.2 7.1 53.4 34.3 100.0 12.6 20.0 26.5 40.9 VALira OP PRODUCTS. 1914 $8,724,162 622,307 2,068,681 1,769,884 4,363,390 33,746,396 14,594,018 23,361 728,611 7,992,304 5,849,742 5,616,322 10,960 111,587 1,383,617 4, 110, 158 148,243,708 49,388 686,228 6,074,304 18,594,683 122,839,205 21,405,023 407,401 1,491,967 3,501,744 16,003,911 4, 207, 468 24,991 94,467 489,682 3,698,338 14,266,296 44,674,948 390, 116 1, 079, 039 3,461,107 19,853,606 19,891,182 20,186,694 1,381,765 2,751,472 4,449,566 5,260,639 6,363,152 1909 $6,785,083 498, 617 1,646,967 1,344,947 3,394,652 25, 287, 462 12,630,663 467,872 6,998,845 6,163,936 4,458,919 10,372 71, 934 1,021,488 3,365,126 139, 136, 129 8,486 732, 336 8, 114, 747 21,611,162 108,669,408 15,608,716 140,667 921, 380 3,304,431 11,242,338 3,775,970 32,347 137, 162 ■487,164 3,119,297 10,568,452 42,362,607 • 649, 971 1, 178, : 2,641,944 22,724,546 15,357,757 16,982,212 1,400,279 2, 361, 608 3,933,500 8,286,825 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 6.0 23.7 20.3 50.0 100.0 100.0 0.2 5.0 64.8 40.1 100.0 0.2 2.0 24.6 73.2 100.0 0.5 4.1 12.5 82.9 100.0 1.9 7.0 16.4 74.8 100.0 0.6 2.2 11.6 86.5 100.0 oa 1.3 8.2 27.6 62.9 100.0 0.9 2.4 7.7 44.4 44.5 100.0 6.8 13. 22.0 26.0 31.6 100.0 7.3 22.8 19.8 50.0 100.0 0.5 14.8 64.5 20.1 100.0 3.7 47.5 48.8 100.0 0.2 1.6 22.9 75.2 100.0 ^^6 6.8 15.6 78.1 100.0 0.9 5.9 21.2 72.0 100.0 0.9 3.6 12.9 82.6 100.0 100.0 1.3 2.8 6.0 53.7 36.3 100.0 14.8 24.6 51.8 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1911 $3,929,774 257,057 937, 096 723, 036 2, 012, 686 2, 977, 283 8,266,790 14,515 439,736 4,763,030 3,049,509 1,976,894 8,679 77,485 582,377 1,307,453 20,929,137 14, 198 138,387 1,033,926 2,310,184 17,432,442 11,470,666 306,084 997, 102 1,933,217 8,234,163 1,630,828 19,023 43,126 270,084 1,198,596 10,963,095 9,245 107,828 769, 291 2,940,906 7,136,825 21,848,164 271, 821 733, 142 1, 826, 696 9,335,788 9,680,708 14,626,901 1,106,450 2, 195, 351 3,226,894 3,746,269 4,352,937 1909 $2,981,083 232, 135 692,205 566,481 1,490,262 2,579,989 22,668 455,207 1,641,188 560, 926 6,136,887 282,302 3,210,118 2,644,467 1,645,242 10, 159 53, 677 \388, 274 1,193,232 14,918,812 2,991 119, 467 1,230,390 2, 471, 175 11, 094, 789 8,423,791 96, 116 696,687 1,908,377 6,822,611 1,562,998 23, 246 82, 860 201, 683 1,26^,209 8,225,745 16,680 154, Oil 748, 299 2, 602, 325 4, 704, 430 21, 487, 278 379,399 702,675 1,343,786 11,787,096 7, 274, 322 11,886,107 1,119,368 1,860,231 2,799,021 6,117,497 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 100.0 6.5 23, 18.4 51.2 100.0 0.4 11.8 69. 28.0 100.0 0.2 6.3 67.6 36.9 100.0 0.4 3.9 29.6 66.2 100.0 0.1 0.7 4.9 11.0 83.3 100.0 2.7 8.7 16.9 71.8 100.0 1.2 2.8 17.6 78.3 100.0 0.1 1.0 7.0 26. 65.1 100.0 1.2 3.4 8.4 42.7 44.3 100.0 7.6 15.0 22.0 25.6 29.8 100.0 7.8 23.2 19.0 50.0 100.0 0.9 17.6 59.7 21.7 100.0 4.6 62.3 43.1 100.0 0.6 3.3 23.6 72.5 100.0 (') 0.8 8.2 16.6 74.4 100.0 1.1 7.1 22.7 69.1 100.0 1.5 5.3 12.9 80.3 100.0 0.2 1.9 9.1 31.6 67.2 100.0 1.8 3.3 6.3 54.9 33.9 100.0 9.4 15.6 23.5 61.5 » Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." > Includes the group "less than $5,000.'! 'Included to the group "$20,000 to $100,000.' ' Less than one-tenth ol 1 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® V34 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Six of the industries given in the above table show a decrease during the five-year period in the propor- tion of establishments having products less than $5,000 in value, and seven in the proportion of the average number of wage earners employed. The class having products valued at $100,000 and over shows increases in value of products for all industries. Fur goods and lumber and timber products are the only industries showing decreases in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture, the decreases in the latter being only 1.7 per cent in aver- age number of wage earners and 2 per cent ia value added by manufacture. Eight industries show an increase in number of estabhshments of this class. Table 20 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the cities, except Virginia, having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 18 for the state as a whole. Table 20 1. WAGE EARNERS. value of products. value added by manufacture. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 243 5,538 100.0 $19,729,283 100.0 $8,211,614 100.0 71 70 59 43 27 69 317 1,048 4,104 65 1.2 5.7 18.9 74.1 100.0 176,336 730,407 2,913,692 15,908,948 254,400 14.8 80.6 100.0 117,152 455,414 1,367,340 6,271,708 141,983 1.4 15 000 to JS»,'000 5 5 120,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over! HiBBING 16.7 76.4 100 Less than $5,000 11 13 3 64 7 36 22 755 10.8 55.4 33.8 100.0 32,600 122,100 99,700 4,344,114 12.8 48.-0 39.2 100.0 20,227 72,098 49,658 1,127,323 14 2 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... yf^.. 60.8 36.0 100 TAtj-! thn.Ti $.^^non 17 22 19 6 1,349 13 114 340 288 28,295 L7 15.1 45.0 38.1 100.0 40,620 229, 157 967,53' 3,106,800 187,854,159 0.9 5.3 22.3 71.5 100.0 26,997 125,617 451,838 522,871 56,654,714 2 4 $5,000 to $20 000 . . 11 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Minneapolis 40.1 46.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 411 461 309 144 24 77 386 1,811 4,515 10,641 10,942 1,429 1.4 6.4 16.0 37.6 38.7 100.0 1,069,690 4,702,999 13,227,298 43,213,869 125,640,303 2,695,492 0.6 2.5 7.0 23.0 66.9 100.0 713,872 2,983,425 7,376,622 19,310,212 26,270,683 1,407,477 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 6 3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 13.0 34.1 46.4 100.0 20 26 28 3 737 38 158 528 705 19,483 2.7 11.1 36.9 49.3 100.0 49,756 269,641 1,060,945 1,315,150 68,682,206 L8 10.0 39.4 48.8 100.0 36,742 184,321 697,902 488,512 32,863,153 2.6 $5,000 to $20,000 13 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 St. Paul- 49.6 34.7 100 Less than $5,000 194 237 185 108 13 34 152 926 3,042 11,226 4,137 621 0.8 4.8 15.6 67.6 21.2 100.0 469,780 2,422,904 8,247,212 35,565,233 21,987,077 1,876,877 0.7 3.6 12.0 51.8 32.0 100.0 327,865 1,530,952 4,246,047 15,828,477 10,929,812 670,616 1 $5,000 to $20,000 4.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,800,000 and over Stillwater. 12.9 48.2 33.3 100 Less than $5,000 12 10 8 4 91 16 31 98 476 2,070 2.6 5.0 15.8 76.6 100.0 36,158 86,476 388,513 1,365,730 14,304,780 1.9 4.6 20.7 72.8 100.0 25,006 52,766 250,465 342,378 4,266,723 3 7 $5,000 to $20,000 7.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 37.3 61.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 27 19 26 15 * 28 84 413 1,152 393 1.4 4.1 19.9 55.7 19.0 • 73,396 197,999 1,402,522 3,449,853 9,181,010 0.5 L4 9.8 24.1 64.2 46,689 95,990 650,829 1,623,586 1,850,629 1.1 $5,000 to $20,000 2 2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 15.3 38.1 43.4 ' Includes two establishments of $1,000,000 and over. 2 Includes one establishment of $1,000,000 and over. In the totals for Duluth, Mankato, Minneapolis, St. Cloud, St. Paul, StiUwater, and Winona, the same general condition is found as prevails for all industries combined in the state, namely, a preponderance as to value of products for establishments in the group of $100,000 and over. In Hibbing, however, the greatest value of products, 48 per cent, appears for the group $5,000 to $20,000. Each of the cities shows a con- siderable proportion of the total number of establish- ments as having products valued at less than $20,000, but, with the exception of Hibbing, the combined value of products in this class was relatively small. Of the total nmnber of such establishments for the three leading cities, those in Duluth represented 58 per cent, in Minneapolis 64.6 per cent, and St. Paul 58.9 per cent, whereas the value of their products formed only 4.6 per cent, 3.1 per cent, and 4.2 per cent, respectively, of the total value of products for that class. Table 21 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for aU industries combined, for 23 of the most im- portant industries, and for each of the cities (except Virginia) having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 22 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 21, and for 1909 simUar percentages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Of the 5,974 establishnlents reported for all indus- tries combined, 729, or 12.2 per cent, employed no wage earners. These are small establishments in which the work is done by proprietors or firm mem- bers. In some cases they employ a few wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the^ average munber, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown. Printing and pubhshing re- ported 246 and tobacco manufactures 108 of these small estabhshments. Of the remaining groups those employing 50 or less wage earners constituted 82.6 per cent of all estab- lishments, but gave employment to only 30.8 per cent of the total wage earners. The groups of estabhsh- ments having more than 50 wage earners represented only 5.2 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state, but gave employment to 64,192 wage earners, or 69.1 per cent of the total. In the steam- railroad repair shops, in the manufacture of boots and shoes, lumber and timber products, paper and wood pulp, and in the slaughtering and meat-packing in- dustry, the majority of wage earners were in estab- hshments giving employment to more than 100 wage earners. In Minneapohs 58 per cent of the total num- ber of wage earners in all industries were in such establishments and in St. Paul, 64 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 735 Table 21 mDUSTBY AND CITT. All industries Agricultural implements Boots and shoes Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Batter and cheese Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods Furmture and refrigerators Gas, illnminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities • DULTJTH HiBBING MANKATO Mdineapous St. Cloud St. Paot. ;... Sthxwater WDiONA Estab- lish- ments. 5,974 17 14 443 65 807 129 38 45 78 143 409 36 61 47 13 65 453 127 8 994 29 324 1,343 2,622 Wage earners (average numljer). 92,834 872 2,012 2,169 1,446 1,458 854 10,651 2,468 843 -1,087 4,564 7,051 838 1,739 1,038 2,088 2,052 20,947 1,579 1,345 6,134 2,587 1,261 15,851 58,256 243 27 64 1,349 77 737 34 91 5,538 65 755 28,295 1,429 19,483 621 2,070 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOTmO — No wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 729 246 1 108 129 351 25 5 7 188 6 111 1 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 3,604 303 17 744 84 1 8 42 94 178 229 14 14 33 3 27 221 70 I 673 14 166 759 1,205 108 19 30 643 33 310 22 40 Wage earners. 7,246 611 48 189 5 23 103 235 403 521 .31 37 50 445 134 1 1,216 29 330 1,640 2,900 254 36 76 1,506 95 785 47 101 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 4 3 52 32 24 14 3 11 19 28 50 106 12 18 5 22 107 24 128 42 294 619 56 3 17 319 27 173 6 18 Wage earners. 11,168 53 38 4S7 394 241 137 32 152 206 295 535 1,121 130 245 130 76 266 1,246 293 1,354 78 416 3,233 6,954 29 185 3,567 348 1,947 70 200 21 to 60 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 318 2 6 96 227 7 105 7 72 1 14 10,238 44 25 96 307 67 133 422 479 143 143 960 155 610 33 275 1,1C>7 304 952 72 165 3,091 7,302 710 291 3,363 193 2,309 28 408 Table 21— Continued. establishments employing— INDUSTRY AND CITT. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 151 11,116 98 15,079 31 11,239 21 14, 568 7 12,190 1 7 1 4 150 1,061 127 635 1 603 Boots and shoes 1 5 2 1 4 6 3 4 3 7 12 57 327 162 61 289 437 264 276 200 508 936 2 2 831 522 1 ■ ■ ■ Butter and cheese ^.... 1 Carriages and wagons and materials 1 3 5 1 r 2 9 1 2 1 1 2 22 1 2 7 1 2 21 69 106 288 893 115 214 297 1,275 187 350 250 174 210 3,305 176 346 1,306 108 350 3,256 11,167 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts 6 2 2,ii9 667 5 3,423 3 3,825 Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 2 1 462 802 335 2 2 1,773 1,436 Foundry and machine-snop productfl. . . Fur goods Furniture and refrigerators 6 497 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 608 Hosiery and knit goods 1 1 34 6 3 11 1 88 89 2,527 380 266 754 72 1 1,713 Liquor8,malt 2 7 1 2 579 2,444 292 732 1 7 553 4,990 Lumber and timber products 2 4,823 Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing 1 552 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 399 1 1 829' Tobacco manufactures AM other industries 40 113 2,936 8,415 3 20 1,065 6,961 1 15 630 10,362 Total for cities'. . - - . . . 3 4,205 24 1,768 7 1,094 1 293 1 811 HiBBINO Uaneato - 3 46 3 27 203 3,439 190 1,975 MiNNTJAPOTIH 30 4,864 9 2,958 6 1 7 4,393 603 4,655 3 4,206 St.(iOTO |i. Paul teJJl™" Droit Lzedb \om 4,598 ^ 304 y 307 9 3,314 736 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 22 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEKAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT of total AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN E3TABLLSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Ito 5 4.8 6.2 0.2 0.5 3.9 5.0 2.1 3.3 8.5 7.2 0.1 19.8 22.5 1.1 2.7 26.2 26.3 10.3 9.3 5.0 6 to 20 12.5 6.4 3.6 3.4 13.0 16.6 5.9 3.1 18.6 17.5 21 to 60 1.6 8.3 13.4 7.6 5.6 4.5 19.3 27.6 51 to 100 101 to 250 24.1 27.7 8.3 25.2 10.2 24.2 16.8 20.0 11.1 31.3 25.7 52.6 21.3 12.7 4.2 27.8 24.8 20.6 22.0 19.2 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 58.6 69.7 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 7.8 8.2 12.0 11.4 11.0 11.4 12.0 12.4 16.2 17.9 12.1 13.5 15.7 16.4 13.1 8.9 Gas, illuminating and heating. . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 4.2 4.3 14.2 12.1 10.3 24.1 16.3 19.8 33.8 12.3 13.7 2.8 3.1 "4.'6 18.6 17.7 14.4 Agricultural implements Boots and shoes 2.5 0.7 "o.i 28.2 28.7 3.3 6.1 74.7 86.9 22.1 23.0 (') 0.1 0.9 0.7 12.2 8.3 21.6 16.4 8.8 11.3 7.4 4.7 3.7 2.6 2.1 2.8 6.1 9.3 1.9 0.6 22.4 22.6 27.2 32.1 16.5 9.4 16.0 16.3 0.3 0.2 6.2 10.9 24.4 7.8 27.1 32.3 11.7 11.7 15.9 13.2 15.5 13.6 14.1 12.4 5.0 1.2 2.9 4.4 9.4 21.2 24.4 4.6 4.7 15.6 23.2 4.0 2.0 19.4 13.0 17.0 38.6 13.2 22.8 13.1 12.0 13.6 13.7 18.5 16.2 35.1 33.5 ■2i.'6 2.8 15.1 15.1 6.8 11.2 18.0 4.2 17.2 52.7 9.0 5.9 17.8 37.0 20.3 '68.' 4 41.3 48.6 24.1 14.8 69.2 82.0 Liquors, malt 28.2 11.7 11.7 18.5 62.6 26.9 32.4 23.8 23.1 Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other 23.5 Lumber and timber products. . . 23.0 24.0 Paper and wood pulp . Butter and cheese 64.4 Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures- . - 4.8 22.1 21.2 3.0 2.3 33.0 20.5 20.4 22.0 11.9 8.9 15.5 20.7 2.8 8.6 13.1 23.8 19.5 15.7 12.6 33.8 25.5 4.1 4.7 10.3 17.0 32.7 27.4 18.4 8.6 11.1 10.8 13.3 17.3 28.6 18.2 12.4 13.0 2.7 7.1 36.2 23.1 13.6 17.9 19.7 20.1 6.5 9.1 18.1 21.4 22.3 27.1 20.1 33.0 15.4 16.8 6.7 9.9 11.9 9.0 9.2 4.0 3.4 17.8 terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts 20.1 32.8 27.0 36.2 32.4 37.6 36.3 15.5 70.7 67.5 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron Total for cities ^ products. 9.9 11.1 11.4 9.8 40.0 40.6 38.8 34.0 20.4 19.8 7? riouT-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 4.6 56.4 10.1 5.3 6.6 4.0 7.6 4.9 11.0 44.6 24.6 12.6 24.4 10.0 11.3 9.7 12.8 31.9 19.8 5.3 14.6 HiBBING MANSJtTO 38.5 11.9 13.5 11.8 4.6 19.7 26.9 12.2 13.3 10.1 27.7 32.3 Foimdry and machine-shop \fTNNT^*^f»T.TS. . . 17.2 '23.'6 49.0 14.8 10.4 'i7.'6 15.6 42.2 23.4 14.9 St. Paul Winona 18.6 Furniture and refrigerators 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Engines and power. — ^Table 23 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gener- ating power (including electric motors operated by ' Excludes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. Table 23. NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 13,463 8,679 3,266 358,737 297,670 220,934 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,462 2,190 959 313 10,001 10,001 3,792 2,544 877 371 4,887 4,887 3,265 2,378 629 258 8 286,939 206,144 7,454 73,341 71,798 71,224 674 266,546 199,802 7,174 69,670 31,124 30,297 827 211,070 168,115 4,710 38,245 9,864 8,694 1,270 80.0 67.6 2.1 20.4 20.0 19.8 0.2 89.5 67.1 2.4 20.0 10.5 10.2 0.3 95.5 Steam engines and turbines ^ . . 76.1 2.1 17.3 Hented . * . 4.5 3.9 other 0.6 Electric ... 12,778 10,001 2,777 6,791 4,887 1,904 121,018 71,224 49,794 52,212 30,297 21,915 14,427 8,594 6,833 100.0 58.9 41.1 100.0 68.0 42.0 100.0 Rented ^^6 59.6 40.4 ^ Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. ' Not reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 61,067 horsepower, or 20.5 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due, in part, to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when 9,864 horsepower of this character, representing 4.5 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount of such power had increased to Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. 737 31,124 horsepower, or 10.5 per cent of the total, and in 1914 to 71,798 horsepower, or 20 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same estabhshment has kept pace with that in rented power. For all classes of owned power there was a decided increase. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in manu- facturing processes. Table 24 gives, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected indus- tries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city for which separate statistics can be given. Table 24 INDUSTBT AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery and other clay prod- ucts Butter and cheese Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . . Coffee, roasting and grinding Conlectionery Cooperage and wooden goods Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere speci- fied Foundry and machine-shop products- . . Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating 42,659 An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 33 52 915 3 15 4,442 1,277 24 130 600 224 164 412 3,017 1,034 1,238 925 90 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 1,400,702 5,707 3,692 6,276 3,380 1,077 128 12,086 111,618 40,905 2,803 6,332 195,528 1,984 3,943 3,215 2,234 249,002 3,016 38,722 13,661 130,552 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 101,018 303, 768 1,407 51 4 1,889 4,224 252 497 39 320 1,975 656 150 78 54 20, 141 26,564 Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 369 455 207 600 2,377 2,783 1,326 30 2,109 9,760 7 4 19 109 1,601 6,647 572 267,451 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 84,463 40 662 535 1,136 9,932 '""60 1,941 6,990 6,180 3,547 3,319 6,276 5,018 DTDUSTIIT AND CITY. Hosiery and knit goods. Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products . Malt Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds. . . Millinery and lace goods Oil^ linseed Pamt and varnish Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds.. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing All other industries Total for cities'. DULUTH HmBiNO Mankato MmnxAfous. St. Cloud... St. Paul Stillwater. WiNOKA An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 3,017 365 6,517 ^ 49 170 13 3,520 13 1,250 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 5,308 7,605 20,166 28,053 9,262 1,572 2,194 23,452 2,729 97,829 3,276 8,679 70,836 224,297 845,903 188,207 206 22,275 362,891 10,116 207,371 4,582 50,265 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 67 30 171 12 208 43,474 71 10,086 35,242 672 Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 26 774 424 49 836 62 4,796 281,276 3,274 107 166,670 72 110,721 31 601 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 40S 184 117 '825 97 25,211 3,306 9,223 77,992 12,319 100 728 42,395 300 19,087 184 2,879 ' Excludes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for four important industries in Minnesota are here presented. Statistics for power laundries are also given. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — There were 286 estabhshments reporting floiir-null and gristmiU products in 1914, as compared with 322 estabhsh- ments in 1909. Of the number reporting in 1914, 240 manufactured wheat flour to some extent. There were 34 establishments each of which reported the production of 100,000 barrels or more, making an aggregate of 24,762,693 barrels. Of the total output of wheat flour in the United States, Minnesota pro- duced 23.3 per cent in 1914 and 21.7 per cent of the total value, as compared with 21.5 and 20.8 per cent, respectively, in 1909. The following table gives the quantity and value of products for the last three census years : 82101°— 18 47 Table 25 1914 1909 1904 Total value. . . $148,243,708 $139,136,129 $122,059,123 Wheat flour: 27,132,155 $117,988,654 579,648 $1,991,445 1,953,928 $63,006 22,737,404 $114,185,351 229,651 $936,066 990,387 $33,047 432,900 $5,496 66,705 $204,863 14,234,660 $210,022 23,871,227 $103,401,447 Value Eye fiour: Barrels Value... . $543' 605 2,247,420 $62,513 160,000 $3,200 66,018 $154,243 Buckwheat flour: PmiTid.'? Value Barley meal: Pounds Value Com meal and corn flour: Barrels 53,845 $185,008 1,483,329 $16,393 160,272 $1,762 1,051,260 $22,390,632 219,263 $5,517,795 53,421 $1,967 $41,860 $45,286 Value... Hominy and grits: Pnnnrts Value Oatmeal: Value Bran and middlings: Tons 1,080,833 $23,112,813 • Value Feed and offal: Tons 1,131,742 $17,689,148 Value Breaklast foods: Pounds Value All other cereal products, value $276,914 $171,657 $205,067 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 738 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Measured by value of products, wheat flour con- stituted 79.6 per cent of the total value of all prod- ucts reported for the mills of the state in 1914, 82.1 per cent in 1909, and 84.7 per cent in 1904. The quantity of wheat flour manufactured increased 19.3 per cent, rye flour 152.4 per cent, and buckwheat flour 97.3 per cent during the period from 1909 to 1914, while the quantity of hominy and grits pro- duced decreased 89.6 per cent and corn meal 19.3 per cent. In 1914 the mills of the state were equipped with 4,021 stands of rolls, 89 runs of stone, and 177 attri- tion mUls. Eleven establishments manufactured their own barrels and three made sacks. Slaughtering and meat packing. — The statistics given in Table 26 represent only wholesale slaugh- tering and meat packing. The table shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantity and value of the prin- cipal products. The total of "all other products" includes pickled beef, cured, canned sausage, meat puddings, scrapple, head cheese, compoimd lard, and lard substitutes, oleo and other oil, tallow, soap stock, oleo stearin, oleomargarine, hoofs and horns, soap, sausage casings, and goat, kid, and pig skins. Table 26 1914 1909 1904 $47,535,803 $25,608,934 $17,526,707 Fresb meat: Beef- 76,992,124 $7,714,340 6,987,360 $875,264 8,511,931 . $858,878 110,312,690 $11,808,814 6,539,309 $634,357 115,033,007 $16,430,999 8,845,380 $1,114,112 40,311,585 $4,263,173 7,610 $223,358 166,903 9,453,992 $1,624,345 51,221 673,867 $118,622 196,086 $202,227 $1,767,314 59,276,609 $3,187,627 5,765,536 $386,210 5,655,124 $480,143 45,709,115 $4,336,448 727,938 $113,628 82,480,987 $9,253,591 7,632,698 $696,017 21,429,517 $2,581,601 12,076 $314,660 160,948 . 7,240,972 $887,185 132,574 $146,473 $3,225,551 55,358,469 $2,850,777 2,120,934 $132,460 8,283,313 $526,449 43,542,306 $3,204,733 794,420 $72,200 71,741,762 $6,159,220 8,151,961 $696,696 26,436,556 $1,933,587 7,543 $164,867 Value... Veal— Value Mutton and lamb- Value Pork- Pounds. . Value .. Edible offal and all otber fresh meat— Pnnnrts Value .. Pork, pickled, and other cured: PnuTids. Value Sausage: Value... Lard: Pounds. .. Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Value... 125,784 6,687,904 $664,461 Calf- NuTnber. Value... Sheep- 188,791 $187,802 $953,466 Value lishments of the state, an increase of 41,051, or 32.6 per cent, over the nimiber for 1909. The number of all other animals slaughtered increased from 1,252,890 to 1,837,785, or 46.7 per cent. Butter and cheese. — The following table gives the production of butter and cheese in 1914, 1909, and 1904: In 1914 there were 166,903 beeves slaughtered by the wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estab- Table 37 1914 1909 1904 $33,746,396 $25,287,462 $12,871,129 Butter: Pounds 111,107,208 $30,903,702 94,775,407 $26,170,426 16,331,955 $4,733,276 3,401,449 $293,897 4,016,570 $496,215 3,360,598 $472,850 665,972 $23,365 '(^ $1,616,396 $436,186 88,842,846 $24,681,058 81,104,848 $22,359,427 7,737,998 $2,221,631 1,338,833 $146,867 2,735,883 $374,716 2,695,883 $371,516 40,000 $3,200 62,122,554 $12,297,169 68,542,838 $11,549,845 3,579,716 $747,324 1,345,769 $93,703 3,090,065 $307; 117 2,965,984 $294,339 Value Packed solid- Value Prints or rolls- Value Cream sold: PnnnHs Value Cheese: PnuTids ' . Value Full cream- Value Part cream— Pnnnrls Value Other kinds- 124,071 $12,778 $134,012 $39,128 Value All other butter, cheese, and condensed- $55,253 $129,568 1 Included in part-cream cheese. 2 Includes whey, casein, skimmed milk sold, and buttermilk. There was an increase of 48,984,654 pounds, or 78.9 per cent, in the quantity and $18,606,533, or 151.3 per cent, in the value of the butter manufactured in the factories of the state during the decade ending with 1914. Of the total quantity of butter manufac- tured in 1914, 85.3 per cent was packed sohd and 14.7 per cent was put up in prints or rolls. The percentage of increase shown for "prints or roUs," 356.2, is due to the demand during recent years for butter put up in packages or cartons. The figures for this period show a continued reduction in the amount of milk used as material and a corresponding increase in the quan- tity of cream. The quantity of cheese produced in 1914 was 4,016,570 pounds, valued at $496,215, an increase of 29.9 per cent and 61.6 per cent, respectively, over 1904. The manufacture of condensed milk was not re- ported at the census of 1909. Statistics for the one estabhshment rettimed in 1914, are included in the group " all other industries," in order to avoid the dis- closure of individual operations. Printing and publishing. — ^The number and aggre- gate circulation per issue of the various classes of pubhcations in Minnesota in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in Table 28. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURE&— MINNESOTA. 739 For the five-year periad from 1909 to 1914 the total number of publications increased by 8, and the aggre- gate circulation per issue increased 1,156,913, or 36.4 per cent. There was an increase in the circulation of all issues, except those included in "all other classes," which consistsof 10 semimonthly, 2bimonthly, and 3 quarterly publications, and 1 semiannual. Table 28 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes NUMBER OF PUBUCATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 768 51 7 7 620 65 16 758 42 7 8 614 68 19 798 51 10 7 634 71 25 AGGKEGATE CIECULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 4,333,613 665,070 369,912 117, 374 1,790,818 1,122,249 278,190 1909 3,176,700 476,252 237,205 37,062 1,269,856 824,955 331,370 1904 3,106,399 460,811 190,304 63,396 ., 151, 145 956,696 284,047 The circiilation of the daily papers increased 178,818, or 37.5 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The weekly circulation, which increased to 1,790,818 copies per issue, constituted 41.3 per cent of the aggregate average circulation of all publications in 1914. Monthly publications show an increase in circu- lation during the later semidecade from 824,955 to 1,122,249, a gain of 297,294, or 36 per cent. Table 29 gives the nmnber and circulation of the publications printed in foreign languages for 1914 and 1909. Table 29 Cen- sus year. TOTAL. ENGLISH. m FOREIGN LANGUAGES. PERIOD OF ISSUE. Num- ber. Aggregate circular tion per issue. Num- ber. Aggregate circula- tion per issue. Num- ber. Aggre- gate circu- lation per issue. Total 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 766 758 4,333,613 3,176,700 691 685 3,756,218 2,635,711 75 73 577,395 540,989 Daily and Sunday Weekly. . . 58 49 627 622 65 68 16 19 1,024,982 713,457 11,908,192 n, 306, 918 1,122,249 824,955 278,190 331,370 51 46 581 578 49 61 10 10 953,519 688,752 1,552,262 945, 129 1,045,037 747,955 205,400 253,875 7 3 2 46 2 44 16 17 6 9 71,403 24, 705 355,930 361,789 77,212 77,000 72,790 77,495 Monthly All other classes ' Includes 7 semiweekly papers. 2 includes 1 semiweekly. 3 Includes 8 semiweekly papers. Of the 766 publications of aU kinds in 1914, 75 were printed in foreign languages, as compared with 73 iu 1909. Of these, 45 were in Scandinavian, 15 in German, 4 in Finnish, 3 each in Norwegian-and- English and German-and-English, and 1 each in French, Polish, Slovenian, Yiddish, and English-and- Swedish. The Scandinavian publications had the largest circulation of those printed in foreign lan- guages; in 1914 this class reported a circulation of 327,732, a gain of 16,521, or 5.3 per cent, over 1909. German publications rank second, with a circulation of 190,913, which is a slight decrease from the circulation reported for 1909. The total circulation of newspapers and periodicals printed in foreign languages was 577,- 395 in 1914, as compared with 540,989 in 1909, a gain of 36,406, or 6.7 per cent. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 30, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Minnesota for 1914 and 1909. Table 30 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 188 4,024 203 327 3,494 4,264 708,038 972,943 332,555 640,388 17,361 147,110 855,443 100,464 1909 158 3,338 187 235 2,916 2,919 $1,821,191 1,343,174 210,323 1,132,851 3,058 95,253 514,354 2,855,738 Per cent ofin- crease, 1909- 1914. 19.0 20.6 8.6 39.1 19.8 46.1 48.7 46.9 58.1 44.8 467.7 54.4 In both 1914 and 1909 Minnesota ranked eleventh among the states in amount received for work done and in number of persons engaged in the industry. Of the 188 laundries reported for the state in 1914, 104 were operated by individuals and 39 by corpora- tions. Table 31 shows for 1914 and 1909 the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15 th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest nimiber employed in any month of the same year. Table 31 January... February.. March April May June July August September October... November. December. ■WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 3,395 3,371 3,405 3,464 3,505 3,580 3,615 3,595 3,574 3,510 3,474 3,444 1909 2,715 2,725 2,729 2,816 2,896 2,996 3,101 3,111 3,085 2,956 2,925 2,939 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 93.9 93.3 94.2 95.8 97.0 99.0 lOO.O 99.4 98.9 97.1 96.1 95.3 1909 87.3 87.6 87.7 90.5 93.1 96.3 99.7 100.0 99.2 95.0 94.0 94. S Table 32 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 740 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 32 NUMBER OP HOESEPOWEB. MOTOBS. Amount. Per cent of in- crease,'! 1909- 1914. POWEE. 1914 1909 1914 1909 340 204 4,264 2,919 46.1 123 118 5 217 217 128 lis 13 76 76 3,322 3,230 92 942 942 2,610 2,530 80 309 304 5 27.3 Steam 2 27.7 Tntemal combnsti'^Ti Rented 204.9 Electric 209.9 Other Electric — Generated in establishments rftporllTig 289 864 1 Per cent not shown where base is less than 100. 2 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. Table 33 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase or decrease. Table 33 Unit. QUANTITY. Percent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Barrels 2,148 40,549 12 295 6,786 2,287 28,131 252 424 16,832 -6.1 44.1 -95.2 -30.4 -59.7 Bituminous coal Oil . . Gas 1,000 cubic feet ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. GENERAL TABLES. Table 34 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of estabUshments, average niunber of wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more ; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 in- habitants, simUar data for all industries combined. Table 35 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabit- ants, for all industries combined. Table 34.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Agricultural implements. . Artificial stone products. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, tents, and sails.. Boots and shoes. Boxes and cartons, paper. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms. Butter and cheese. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 '1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 '1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 n904 1914 1909 1904 5,974 5,661 4,756 17 17 21 191 123 32 24 11 443 403 272 265 86 105 19 19 807 784 771 92,834 84,767 69,636 872 1,014 1,176 738 653 265 130 110 110 100 2,012 2,664 1,714 650 2,169 1,696 1,347 1,446 1,450 1,306 91 1,458 1,184 1,041 358,737 297, 670 220,934 $58,507 47, 471 35,843 1,468 2,527 1,129 596 77 446 331 53 37 35 1,159 1,411 625 453 87 154 37 955 762 8,452 7,144 4,904 12,865 11,874 11,611 8336,849 281, 622 210,554 707 632 637 474 380 151 335 75 63 54 44 1,121 1,290 719 325 236 119 68 22 1,308 972 670 917 786 662 61 60 1,167 829 634 $493,354 409,420 307,858 1,474 1,090 1,090 675 379 137 635 263 261 226 163 3,980 4,935 2,632 550 481 223 242 91 4,794 3,804 2,668 607 485 137 139 30, 769 22,707 11, 140 3,813 3,014 2,885 1,618 1,090 384 1,230 429 444 395 2S4 5,918 7,668 4,170 1,322 1,023 466 369 139 8,724 6,785 4,620 2,583 2,221 1,790 33,746 25,287 12,871 Canning and preserving.. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clotliing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Dairymen's, poultry- men's, and apiarists' supplies. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 '1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 '35 6 32 31 129 134 141 38 28 24 45 41 30 8 11 10 11 12 13 78 39 27 28 32 32 8 143 114 72 7 3 322 363 436 416 263 854 10,551 8,232 5,767 2,468 2,156 1,496 94 203 343 313 342 188 843 715 646 787 850 1,087 1,081 236 187 170 4,564 4,345 4,481 1,055 692 540 2,004 1,657 1,825 15, 678 10,680 4,597 590 421 315 23 924 550 557 505 417 2,377 1,755 611 507 473 228 80 205 140 100,638 93,849 $140 135 668 629 454 7,644 5,686 3,300 990 722 469 45 110 95 165 123 356 241 202 444 374 720 649 446 36 22 161 101 103 3,407 2,782 2,661 $806 895 436 1,030 983 867 6,327 6,494 3,716 3,640 2,814 1,599 110 141 3,819 2,363 1,373 1,729 1,370 919 1,277 1,423 1,204 1,665 1,347 348 220 187 127,315 124,217 109,061 $1,284 1,343 778 2,206 2,175 1,868 14,594 12,631 7,380 5,616 4,459 2,655 209 305 317 4,729 2,997 1,816 3,039 2,346 1,674 2,227 2,187 1,914 3,398 2,765 1,851 219 117 749 526 424 148,244 139, 136 122,059 1 The fibres can not be shown without disclosing iid?/®Atj®©l(G^5/) \/*A<^!tSar^Jk*^^«tSsS}'r™s, and 2 Includes "sand-lime brick." >7^ ■/ s Excludes statistics for one establis » Not reported separately. _ , sauces." Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. « Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware, not elsewhere speci&d." MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 34.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 741 IKDCSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse power, Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed In thousands. nronsTKT and city. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- UOl- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressedin thousands. THE ST.4.TE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 27 30 16 426 405 271 1,369 1,272 337 $249 205 109 13,049 2,824 925 $4,979 4,207 1,591 Mineral and soda waters. . 1914 1909 1904 128 114 86 309 246 188 472 282 205 $201 140 90 $527 318 179 $1,266 868 572 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 1409 247 188 7,051 6,002 4,022 15,692 9,966 5,735 5,193 3,904 2,416 9,934 7,185 4,415 21,405 15,609 9,509 Musical instruments, pi- anosand organs. 1914 1909 1904 4 5 »3 108 143 23 249 153 26 79 100 16 156 126 28 315 294 SS 1914 1909 1904 36 42 35 838 1,056 1,236 372 288 165 549 660 497 2,677 2,213 2,012 4,207 3,776 3,379 Oil. linseed 1914 1909 1904 6 6 5 400 374 353 4,467 3,821 2,075 3£6 250 204 11,279 9,685 6,089 12,357 11,037 7,018 Furnishing goods, men's.. 1914 1909 1904 26 10 4 142 182 53 37 54 11 42 49 13 327 251 90 456 420 135 Optical goods 1914 1909 1904 8 6 4 54 25 22 19 8 12 38 15 13 75 21 32 219 82 79 Furniture and refrigera- tors. 1914 1909 1904 61 57 54 1,739 1,695 1,651 4,212 2,782 2,396 1,123 930 734 1,758 1,900 1,107 4,215 3,759 2,716 Paint and varnish 1914 1909 1904 15 614 5 144 164 78 1,065 420 222 98 101 37 1,061 889 464 1,684 1,489 709 Oas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 1904 47 42 16 1,038 848 575 4,670 3,538 1,238 646 292 268 1,681 820 624 4,159 2,874 2,033 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 1904 8 9 4 1,345 607 396 53,259 23,440 7,153 983 361 234 3,245 1,438 677 5,573 2,385 1,146 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. 1914 1909 1904 15 10 6 163 131 99 71 24 22 89 84 52 95 82 48 283 237 137 Paper goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 »6 8 »4 112 87 12 56 47 4 62 27 5 105 143 3 240 252 13 Orease and taUow, not in- cluding lubricating greases. 1914 1909 1904 11 S 9 39 29 26 209 287 142 30 25 16 130 104 94 208 178 143 Patent medlcioes and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. 1914 1909 1904 8 99 101 77 613 475 344 945 741 645 285 188 136 2,341 1,690 1,340 4,879 4,412 3,136 Hats and caps, other than 1914 1909 1904 9 7 7 127 58 76 31 8 9 53 30 32 160 51 57 241 113 115 1914 1909 1904 11 9 7 234 168 102 84 46 25 227 157 66 91 39 23 606 felt, straw, or wool. 350 145 Hosiery and knit goods. . . 1914 1909 1904 13 10 10 2,088 1,052 615 2,149 853 316 892 348 190 2,526 1,086 626 4,665 2,243 1,203 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 1904 9994 950 919 6,134 6,641 4,613 7,101 5,765 3,958 4,259 3,507 2,633 5,660 4,096 2,787 20,187 15,982 11,664 1914 1909 1904 25 17 9 * 164 119 75 61 46 21 115 82 47 103 87 53 308 265 151 Shipbuilding, Including boat bulldmg. 1914 1909 1904 30 33 28 125 209 224 352 419 302 89 139 133 157 153 102 317 377 342 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 »95 42 35 5 8 8 760 870 672 223 203 128 460 418 327 328 319 120 489 448 344 127 101 76 1,688 1,686 1,115 139 143 128 2,806 2,821 1,951 342 311 289 Signs and advertising novelties. Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 28 22 238 116 84 25 158 86 287 96 593 313 M29 30 29 2,587 1,921 1,376 5,260 4,679 1,669 1,817 1,129 788 41,736 22,166 15,104 47,710 25,754 17,589 1914 1909 1904 65 65 76 2,052 1,653 1,035 9,201 6,912 6,079 1,750 954 670 3,303 2,343 1,739 14,266 10,568 6,178 1914 1909 1904 6 6 6 46 63 50 186 148 90 24 28 18 463 332 234 614 495 349 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 4 453 525 332 20,947 20,704 20,471 60,066 67,839. 57,575 10,855 10,918 10,309 22,827 20,865 17,798 44,675 42,353 42,033 Stoves and furnaces, not including gas and oil stoves. 1914 1909 1904 9 10 10 169 185 109 212 113 98 115 121 59 113 246 102 .316 600 ■ 304 Malt 1914 1909 1904 9 9 7 168 138 69 4,428 3,567 1,160 167 110 61 4,463 3,531 897 5,637 4,315 1,198 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 1904 324 339 352 1,261 1,613 1,780 32 37 20 699 832 837 1,128 1,256 1,098 2,872 3,365 3,205 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 1904 127 112 53 1,579 1,738 827 7,050 5,422 1,743 1,159 1,029 509 1,211 1,045 341 3,121 2,966 1,245 1914 1909 1904 16 16 16 448 277 343 1,266 642 941 229 123 129 860 429 463 1,298 699 791 Mattresses and spring beds 1914 1909 1904 13 15 8 440 453 192 1,262 1,192 192 268 248 93 906 810 297 1,595 1,508 681 All other Industries 1914 1909 1904 374 343 333 5,812 6,569 4,465 16,749 16,910 9,243 3,831 2,918 2,144 17,636 13,895 10,694 27,258 22,015 16,058 Millinery and lace goods. . 1914 1909 51904 9 8 308 498 116 12 34 162 648 598 945 931 "steam fittings "pulp wood;" and "window and ' Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas an^ water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies;" and steam and hot-wuter heatmg apparatus;" and "structural ironwork." ^Includes "suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods." ' Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes also "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills: door screens and weather strips." ' The figures can not be shown without disclosing indiTidual operations. ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "envelopes." < Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." • Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and lithographing.'; "Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments.''^ Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 742 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 34.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, ANB 1904— Continued. INDUSTKT ANT) CITT. Cen- sus year. Nmn- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age^ num- ber). Primary horse power Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse power Cost of ma- terials. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. DULTJTH— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Clothing^ men's, includ- ind shirts. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Foundry and machine- shop products. Leather goods. Lumber and timber products. Printing and publishing. . Tobacco manufactures All other industries MINNEAPOLIS— All industries. Artificial limbs.. Artificial stone products. ■ Bread and other bakery products. Butter.. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars, and general shop construction, and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1914 1909 2 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1909 24S 194 163 18 13 12 5 4 14 10 11 6 4 a 15 13 <10 6 M 6 19 14 17 «38 35 30 20 15 '15 97 80 1,349 1,102 876 129 100 70 8 7 12 23 23 123 5 3 4 5,638 6,083 3,987 111 59 56 238 166 74 81 65 134 64 61 491 479 302 140 101 2,092 3,074 2,053 350 377 45 84 127 1,910 1,585 1,005 28,295 26,962 21,671 65 38 24 192 176 105 1,255 897 732 27 22 156 211 171 3,140 2,676 1,634 14,914 17,561 1,767 1,399 104 70 4,887 7,350 454 439 7,427 8,212 109,040 89,247 219 141 1,464 660 382 324 257 2,798 1,674 $3,365 3,593 2,186 42 36 352 338 186 61 82 61 965 1,692 1,051 313 281 120 26 61 985 581 18, 895 15,638 11,418 42 31 15 144 103 53 671 481 349 35 17 15 108 142 94 2,148 1,863 953 Jll,518 8,844 4,634 260 189 105 520 268 99 187 108 164 58 60 794 609 349 231 449 124 2,523 2,636 1,389 303 256 139 43 68 6,493 4,203 2,271 131, 199 119, 993 46 2,621 2,036 1,466 1,330 612 110 201 236 143 2,142 2,338 932 S19,729 17, 180 10, 139 478 312 184 690 450 136 347 219 -407 144 139 1,641 1,375 703 330 640 221 4,139 5,562 3,806 1,114 124 180 319 10,459 7,315 4,038 187,864 165,405 121, 162 163 162 107 447 261 119 4,917 3,605 2,613 1,524 675 150 442 566 322 4,549 4,309 2,027 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Confectionery . Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furniture. Gas and electric fixtures. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Jewehy Leather goods Liquors, malt Marble and stone work. Models and patterns, not including paper pat- terns. Photo-engraving. Printing and publishing. . Stereotyping and electro- typing. Tobacco manufactures. . . All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1904 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 21 17 no 33 12 8 19 13 12 8 150 95 170 19 17 13 27 23 19 10 7 4 5 4 3 10 8 5 <29 14 112 4 4 5 10 10 '5 7 5 7 6 5 4 '230 216 185 4 .3 3 44 45 '48 500 437 342 795 806 377 338 328 260 2,580 2,279 2,227 3,558 2,596 1,969 127 128 174 703 809 710 43 27 17 21 30 20 92 76 ^ 49 208 260 169 437 322 251 353 279 63 30 28 28 139 104 71 2,027 1,755 1,501 38 30 49 174 314 377 11,762 12,866 10,671 160 127 $341 257 125 156 112 82 2,026 1,530 1,404 2,749 1,764 1,210 85 73 75 465 447 326 37 16 6 12 . 15 9 66 48 29 148 147 92 412 128 163 257 209 52 21 19 16 137 93 52 1,475 1,162 902 29 21 29 US 168 184 7,218 6,802 6,183 $1,125 985 616 710 651 396 73,079 70,953 66,358 6,662 3,.389 2,470 285 283 230 731 818 491 94 30 17 38 23 11 52 66 35 501 603 296 790 514 427 399 273 66 10 8 8 S6 25 11 2,124 1,693 1,117 23 13 20 179 254 224 38,822 34,197 23,326 252 162 61,884 50,598 5,125 3,405 39 30 1,197 1,073 31 22 11 3 33 31 78 98 1,791 1,426 965 352 37 30 53 22 2,447 2,180 109 56 4 16 29,642 26,630 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. 3 Includes "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus." < Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." 6 Includes "boxes, wooden packing," and "lumber, planlng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." « Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 8 Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "steam nttings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork." ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 34.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 743 INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse ^ower. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. nqDTISTET AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MOKE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES-Contiuued. ST. PATTL— All in- dustries. Artificial stone products. Boots and shoes Bozes, cigar. Bread and other bakery products. Butter.. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Confectionery.. Foundry and matjhine- shop products. Fur goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 737 719 614 18 7 7 3 11 13 «8 11 9 10 3 61 45 30 10 14 13 19,483 19,339 14,363 154 194 106 1,055 1,617 1,041 29 32 37 372 367 294 112 50 49 3,068 2,406 1,825 1,128 884 182 170 205 1,766 2,118 1,214 675 867 1,003 26,204 $12,796 10, 952 7,211 673 503 240 516 535 4,176 3,521 321 204 118 157 6,406 3,474 306 242 106 121 67 657 830 456 16 11 12 294 253 157 97 39 31 2,165 1,577 1,004 448 311 278 74 59 65 1,256 1,284 726 447 469 401 S35, 819 30,300 19,488 86 52 2,036 2,676 1,277 40 24 951 743 610 3,012 1,918 1,513 1,846 1,231 1,716 1,270 763 348 334 221 2,082 2,352 1,171 2,325 1,840 1,711 $68,682 58,990 38,319 166 3,045 4,265 2,187 52 60 1,561 l;368 1,019 2,120 562' 3,816 3,640 2,345 2,732 1,917 1,366 567 537 446 4,474 6,033 2,729 3,609 3,110 2,791 Furniture and refrigera- tors. Leather goods. Liquors, malt.. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. . Mattresses and spring beds. Paint and varnish. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Tobacco manufactures. . . All other industries. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 17 19 17 4 22 9 . 9 3 3 4 S19 17 113 13 10 35 4 7 3 6 13 828 25 24 63 64 163 376 368 351 487 455 354 229 272 302 910 748 354 747 664 717 190 216 112 95 60 58 48 46 85 520 590 632 7,601 7,457 6,062 1,651 804 200 214 2,611 1,964 2,447 2,804 797 619 108 113 322 243 235 158 17,388 10,225 $355 288 213 149 141 160 826 500 242 438 352 332 173 178 72 58 59 27 30 24 23 46 45 312 275 4,902 4,099 2,638 $574 695 316 467 502 616 1,233 940 664 1,324 1,034 • 945 * 296 287 106 '" 246 251 51 417 371 204 216 212 122 432 468 376 16,499 12,451 8,558 $1,557 1,289 727 849 797 1,052 6,133 4,910 2,596 2,291 1,679 1,582 i.. 'i 561 619 226 *^ 399 417 153 706 607 347 633 728 SOS 1,111 1,338 1,158 31,141 24,278 16,304 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Mankato. St. Cl,otn). 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 755 807 724 1,429 2,618 3,654 3,724 $434 346 303 355 $3,217 2,728 2,629 1,288 1,342 $4,344 3,723 3,422 2,695 2,299 Stillwater. Winona.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 621 688 955 2,070 2,032 1,953 1,012 1,952 6,438 8,628 $295 359 454 1,152 1,024 894 $1,206 1,648 1,485 10,038 7,330 5,274 $1, 877 2,686 2,784 14,305 11,200 7,860, 1 Excludes statistics t Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Y44 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DIDUSTKY iJJD CIIT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and lem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS— mrMBER DEC. IS, OR NEAREST EEFRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male. Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries. . Agricultural implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobiles Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal, type metal, and solder. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Bmlding brick and architectural and fireproofing terra-cotta. Sewer pipe and draintile Brooms Brushes, not including toilet brushes. Butter Canning, vegetables Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Cheese Cleansing and polishing preparations. Clothing, men's Regular factories, men's and youth's. Contract work, men's and youth's Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels All other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies. Dental goods Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Envelopes FauOT articles, not elsewhere speci- Flags and banners Flax and hemp, dressed . dgi Flour-mill and gristmill products . 1 Owned power only. 5,974 115,690 5,233 4,309 10,163 3,161 92,834 17 1,165 10 41 205 37 872 8 116 8 2 20 16 70 191 1,036 220 47 28 3 738 13 179 20 11 3 4 141 11 417 10 18 32 12 345 160 697 190 19 13 19 456 144 674 187 17 12 19 439 6 23 3 2 1 17 17 160 20 7 14 9 110 3 14 1 5 2 6 3 19 9 221 4 17 5 181 11 5 7 14 2,284 1 40 165 66 2,012 7 81 8 2 1 .t 67 13 748 7 28 39 24 650 25 832 21 24 14 5 768 9 122 8 6 9 99 443 3,236 468 71 305 223 2,169 61 54 1,364 1,048 56 53 55 46 34 24 4 1 1,215 924 7 316 3 9 10 3 291 19 141 26 3 12 1 99 5 69 5 1 9 1 S3 773 2,152 205 221 228 72 1,426 22 359 8 27 5 2 317 13 69 12 3 6 2 46 6 23 5 1 1 16 123 103 1,065 1,012 141 113 31 31 36 36 19 19 838 813 20 8 53 478 28 25 435 23 20 38 11,096 248 266 31 10,551 34 54 17 4 1 32 6 23 4 2 2 1 14 32 27 2,505 2,442 30 24 36 36 275 275 45 45 2,119 2,062 5 8 63 117 6 5 57 94 6 8 4 11 431 5 29 65 19 313 102 78 1,380 1,182 107 81 61 48 177 163 57 47 978 843 24 198 26 13 14 10 135 24 15 944 420 128 124 26 12 18 3 6 1 766 280 9 524 4 14 15 5 486 138 1,150 145 50 72 28 855 7 88 3 10 S 9 61, 6 28 4 1 1 4 18 4 29 6 4 2 17 17 317 9 29 28 15 236 10 69 12 4 1 52 17 678 5 36 97 32 508 6 43 7 / 1 1 34 3 123 2 6 6 7 102 5 74 1 7 « 4 , 56 4 4 28 21 4 3 1 2 23 13 3 286 7,399 266 404 i,76i 404 4,564 Fe 100,110 Jy« Je De Mh< De 471 20 171 7 186 Fe 2,268 Au« Fe My ^P Se 73 739 833 112 2,250 Se 1,751 Ja Jy No De Jy 1,664 Mh 337 105 58 Je< 1,554 Se 1,173 Je< De* Fe 906 De 27 De 481 Mh 11,005 Je< De My 2,239 Jy< 58 Oc 101 Je 337 De 1,000 Jy 192 J? Oc Jy . Mh '^ De Ja Se Aa< My Oo No Fe« 27 Fe 4,673 296 534 948 18 18 263 575 35 107 71 De 88,995 No De< Ja Ja De 494 127 297 Ja Ja< Ja Je No' Ja< 366 13 72 5 3 172 61 573 658 78 Ja 2,073 Ja 350 Fe 212 De< 94 Jy 45 Fe 1,302 Ja 8 Ja< Apt No 710 Ja< 24 Jy 396 De 10,100 Ja< Se No 1,834 Ja 55 Mh 85 No* 283 % 717 101 Fe Oc De Ja Jy No Da< De Ja Ja De* 9 Jy 4,466 265 442 749 31 18 16 210 49 479 33 96 29 (») (») w w (") ! 936 69 921 152 344 472 456 16 100 7 7 190 2,033 70 658 703 98 2,254 1,704 1,391 313 98 53 1,469 1,279 47 17 825 795 30 430 10,372 38 18 1,975 1,917 58 94 305 1,127 991 136 808 286 522 847 50 18 16 233 52 507 33 102 66 30 45 4,723 936 60 920 151 344 470 455 15 46 7 7 95 1,446 23 288 701 98 1,627 1,704 1,391 313 95 48 1,434 767 41 13 824 794 30 430 10,366 38 6 382 363 19 24 136 459 331 128 792 286 506 847 50 16 11 219 52 506 17 24 8 6 45 4,630 8 1 1 1 1 "'i' 54 1 1 92 574 45 364 2 . 6 "■"e" 2 1 7 2 611 16 3 5 31 498 6 4 1 1 3 11 1 3 2 4 12 1,693 i;654 39 69 170 667 659 8 16 1 1 1 16 2 6 13 1 1 15 78 68 24 1 93 $354,434,177 7,501,038 77,385 1,305,833 186,943 1,433,630 831,319 819,819 11.500 322,550 29,462 3,800 222,554 6,102,974 75,823 1,264,387 1,202,712 179,304 6,499,710 4,266,414 2,862,845 1,403,569 112,579 124,047 6,774,148 650,333 49,565 39,252 2,869,759 2,810,109 59,650 1,763,472 18,693,984 114,400 7,913 2,364,620 2,362,044 2,476 101,785 1,530,697 1,958,074 1,584,576 373,498 1,397,351 428,350 969,001 1,679,377 292,187 24,604 76,422 393,911 61,123 4,356,554 20,106 168,855 46,378 4,780 S6,g06 46,411,297 ! Includes rented power, other than electric. > No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 745 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $9,216,623 $12,867,547 $58,607,013 $2,600,106 $2,423,552 $4,967,580 $328,841,260 $8,007,964 $493,354,136 $156,504,922 358,737 206,144 8,028 73,341 71,224 49,794 116,963 1,980 60,891 21,000 49,525 19,660 18,160 1,500 10,018 5,356 18,439 114,556 2,672 62,828 51,311 11,698 125,621 96,943 84,347 12,596 2,460 780 179,520 25,201 1,800 55,108 65,108 40,946 373,738 1,335 2,600 80,077 80,077 11,380 91,088 118,951 101,427 17,524 38,667 12,647 26,020 94,273 16,800 3,600 11,180 66,837 4,767 76,932 5,660 14,475 275,604 29,022 23,356 4,674 47,689 14,403 14,103 300 22,088 750 5,614 267,049 3,880 64,794 14,959 5,640 410,885 49,119 31,900 17,219 9,832 16,164 121,198 4,938 647 48,191 48,191 18,376 269,825 500 1,750 228,254 228,254 1,300 11,143 108,696 268,921 249,166 19,755 20,827 3,224 17,603 65,155 7,164 3,390 4,880 36,684 806 126,943 1,600 11,081 S,00g 245 500 2,433,848 707,478 46,948 473, 67^ 106,486 229,317 367,082 355,634 11,448 62,806 3,873 3,340 101,717 1,121,165 31,803 326,068 428,040 67,513 1,307,708 764,458 578,102 186,356 60,849 32,604 1,140,617 75,941 22,379 11,266 556,452 636, 109 20,343 433,767 7,544,270 26,340 6,165 844,951 816,091 28,860 45,300 165,205 440, 810 355, 759 85,051 486,963 201,543 286,420 692,299 36,289 9,748 14,464 161,329 38,079 334,123 20,622 46,768 23,088 11,713 6,669 3,406,631 13,216 16, 137 4,307 6,600 6,600 318 200 381 2,316 497 323 174 100 38,036 1,360 1,422 126 125 5,364 65 17,013 17,013 602 3,360 3,060 300 9,571 6,071 3,600 19,488 6,640 533 16,102 700 4,177 2,113 10,762 4,671 16,634 13,486 63,652 61,290 2,362 9,038 1,330 60 12,213 61,652 3,791 13,968 7,564 6,600 143,535 13,599 12,549 1,050 568 3,815 60,146 5,212 2,741 940 19,744 16,704 3,040 1,142 596 69,363 57,983 1,380 6,298 33,172 60,009 54,432 5,677 75 75 31,090 2,124 1,802 1,060 7,796 5,648 8,046 6,310 3,372 3,120 1,209 28,744 315 10,357 .1,592 4,527 7,654 7,623 31 2,513 136 32 1,422 29,450 9,825 9,614 1,111 47,350 21,280 13,466 7,814 1,046 488 37,024 2,425 172 19,972 19,512 460 26,122 37,833 51 15,757 15,718 39 657 15,461 13,404 11,089 2,315 12,344 6,047 7,297 13,406 1,064 78 413 1,416 232 14,109 518 292 12,835 514,662 < Same number reported for one or 248 1,441,839 32,066 647,428 97,753 522,498 341,196 299,639 41,656 248,904 66,021 1,705 83,831 3,940,660 66,270 529,970 1,125,606 229,862 4,593,682 297,137 202,021 95,116 135,182 171,576 30,072,956 310,495 4,443 19,392 971,587 954,614 16,973 347,222 6,784,609 401,662 32,782 3,105,394 3,103,608 1,786 92,126 3,793,651 2,196,659 1,693,451 503,208 1,224,614 661,441 663,173 1,299,923 87,460 261,868 119,360 340,859 12,207 621,533 9,662 79,761 42,836 22,343 12,638 313,638 126,084,794 more other months. 31,671 1,750 27,246 6,209 9,630 29,657 27,928 1,729 2,094 613 157 2,296 39,832 1,267 19,908 13,495 12, 108 200,706 461,958 325,991 125,967 1,769 1,158 288,246 11,786 2,197 763 38,224 36,697 1,527 19,592 542,619 6,349 167 18, 533 18,000 533 1,294 25,042 47,748 35,912 11,836 18,552 11,574 6,978 16,333 3,416 631 270- 6,416 36,520 228 437 91 878 1,229,777 3,812,728 176,114 1,617,746 328, 748 901,590 1,076,221 1,007,489 68,732 444,251 81,041 7,910 304,072 5,918,031 142,979 1,321,846 1,788,391 358,643 8,724,162 2, 151, 727 1,511,955 639,772 265,993 244,176 33,294,003 527,399 57,337 42,245 2,163,363 2,101,356 62,007 862,675 14,594,018 452,393 53,950 4,738,607 4,695,921 42,686 209,009 4,728,682 3,876,914 3,039,435 837,479 2,166,209 962, 109 1,204,100 2,707,982 218,512 294,429 170, 245 748,948 90,840 1,950,239 59,456 186,897 119,112 42,106 29,198 148,243,708 2,339,218 142,309 943,072 225,786 369,562 705,369 680,022 25,347 193,253 15,507 6,048 217,945 1,937,639 75,442 771,968 649,390 116,675 3,929,774 1,402,632 983,943 418,689 129,042 71,442 2,932,801 205,118 50,697 22,090 153, 552 110,045 43,607 495,761 8,266,790 44,482 21,001 1,614,680 1,574,313 40,367 115,689 909,889 1,632,507 1,310,072 322,435 923,043 389,094 633,949 1,391,726 127,646 31,930 50,615 401,107 73,218 1,292,186 49,576 105,750 76,839 19,672 2,489 52 1,129 78 368 695 670 25 53 7 3 76 1,159 40 625 2,669 154 2,289 7,664 5,155 2,609 59 29 12,611 947 93 25 1,979 1,884 95 1,266 15,678 351 8 422 415 7 23 924 1,363 866 497 2,331 496 1,836 473 228 21 1 133 1,603 16 43 10 415 29 290 160 48 48 66 1,600 1,147 6,211 3,752 2,469 5 10,172 762 1,189 1,189 10,333 351 275 582 495 87 2,201 407 1,794 108 100 125 15,682 20,929,137 215 66,876 463 23 167 167 301 2 11 10 246 194 52 502 20 34 24 76 40 2,045 52 376 78 185 490 465 26 63 7 3 76 659 919 154 1,129 1,150 1,102 48 41 29 1,433 120 67 15 544 601 43 1,266 4,803 8 346 7 23 649 755 361 394 110 88 22 133 1,402 16 43 10 427 240 386. 110 86 26 138 138 7,010 108 15 240 100,638 i Same number reported throughout the 25 1,564 36,036 year. 6,162 21,048 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 746 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDTJSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEE30N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUaTET. WAGE EABNEES— ITOMBKB DEC. 15, OB NEABEST EEPBESKNTA- TIVE DAT. Capital Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimimi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Food preparations, not elsewhere specinea. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table food. Macaroni, vermicelli, andnoodles. All other, including prepared food for animal and fowl con- sumption. Foundry and machine-shop products . Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Fumitin-e Wood, including rattan and willow. Store and office fixtures Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures Electric fixtures Gas fixtures and miscellaneous. . Gas,illruninating, and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Glucose and starch Grease and tallow, not including . lubricating greases. Tallow Soap stock and miscellaneous products. Hand stamps Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and WOOL Hosiery and knit goods House tumisbing goods, not else- where specified. Jewelry Lime Liquors , malt Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames — Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing nulls connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Marble and stone work, other than slate. Roofing and other slate products . Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Oil, linseed Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and compounds . . . Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics -. Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves Pickles and sauces 27 640 18 40 121 35 11 327 3 21 56 22 5 11 117 196 4 11 7 12 9 56 2 11 205 4 18 183 36 58 39 4,539 307 1,113 3,119 1,184 1,751 1,381 172 1 16 155 34 44 21 241 9 27 205 44 78 64 387 22 74 291 224 129 107 116 4 3 109 44 27 22 19 370 23 14 22 5 6 IS 9 6 47 IS 72 ' 161 119 42 1,339 186 4 9 6 3 1 9 2 16 10 6 54 12 4 20 15 S 207 6 2 5 5 "39" 6 5 14 26 61 4 4 13 2 8 1 7 11 5 3 7 4 4S 16 53 9 4 8 ...... 3 5 3 7 4 4 9 146 13 3 1 2 13 5 2,275 41 10 5 31 1 52 2 94 2 2S S 206 247 29 6 13 5 2 9 8 4 65 4 IS 318 100 2,842 105 80 17,859 3,625 38 '■"is' .354 69 184 8 8 22S 151 611 IS 13 445 225 57 3 3 21 43 9 127 119 219 1,909 1,527 "ies' 162 23 56 48 27 87 71 1 19 17 8 13 9 382 565 325 6 10 4 8 33 9 16 60 1 2 22 3 128 3 13 543 27 131 151 4 IS 28 3 7 39 4 3 16 2 6 4 13 3 4 2 6 8 11 8 3 462 80 222 1,417 17 ...... 2 2 4 23 7 17 25 2 33 9 65 36 1 6 5 14 9 84 7 11 11 13 3 19 980 206 71 330 159 8 151 72 ■ "s" 8 12 1 11 63 12 12 26 7 ••■-j- 138 8 6 36 18 1 17 146 2 13 26 3 ""s'l 426 22s 95 106 3,623 271 993 2,359 838 1,473 1,167 306 60 111 83 28 1,038 153 11 34 127 2,088 31 154 223 2,052 76 41 16,814 3,137 168 1,579 1,229 350 440 308 309 14 100 400 54 124 1,345 10 561 184 35 234 119 6 113 Oc No Se 252 Ap 207 81 111 148 .TV 334 Ffi 203 .Tv» 1,061 De 894 ^ 2,627 «70 No Ta 2,016 760 Ap 1,212 Ap De 342 67 Oc« 87 Oc 32 My 1,236 Se 161 No No Se -De Oc Je Mh Au' De Jy llo De Fe Jy 144 2,150 161 276 2,370 80 47 25,615 3,423 Ja ' 178 Se 1,448 Au Se Se Jy3 iJy Mh 435 474 503 385 16 113 No 516 Nos 56 My 138 Fe 1,467 D6» 11 Fe My Se Ap 640 257 8 173 Jy Ja Ja 1,072 De Au 2S6 57 Fe 78 Fe 26 Mb 869 De 143 Mh Ja* 4p Fe Je Ja Ja Fe Je Ja 27 8 33 104 1,974 29 149 144 Fe 1,892 Jaa 73 My 38 Se 11,833 Ja 2,725 Au ISl Ja 761 Ja 268 De 394 De 133 248 13 Ja Jas Se Ap Jy 285 My> 52 Au 110 Au> 1,261 Au» 9 No De Ja Se 480 104 32 222 Ap 467 252 93 122 3,513 3,498 257 257 932 210 63 40 107 2,324 910 1,461 1,156 305 67 114 87 27 984 150 10 62 40 28 12 35 142 2,105 31 158 201 2,009 77 42 19,926 3,131 177 1,734 1,380 3S4 313 15 l'/5 485 52 117 1,262 11 543 183 38 229 103 8 95 2,309 343 1,440 1,136 304 59 103 87 16 19 147 201 2,004 61 41 19,915 3,113 177 1,734 1,380 354 347 33 IS 102 485 37 92 1,229 7 235 183 15 201 69 4 65 256 189 , 52 15 11 1 1 4 U 567 15 14 1 8 11 4 6 6 11 6 7 2 93 1,799 12 7 4 5 16 1 11 7 11 51 296 14 3 14 25 33 4 307 1 1 23 28 34 4 30 11,761,319 850,866 202,903 707,651 13,739,123 835,537 2,141,294 10,762,292 3,315,699 3,199,110 2,753,611 445,499 84,362 182,576 123,187 59,389 17,932,037 166,056 8,801 113,769 .149,810 127,016 22,794 31,199 65,423 . 3,733,156 40,725 123,349 618,336 28,993,778 239,442 123,206 38,587,782 7,648,508 4,687,205 3,148,068 2,599,905 548,163 1,462,747 529,761 1,061,637 16,937 111,176 11,622 9,065,697 60,575 1,150,783 16,640,268 47,139 6,257,685 552,166 96,696 267,049 628,661 • 20,704 507,867 1 Owned power only. 'Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914^Coiitinued. 747 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTKIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. $172,947 $167,906 124,927 66,377 17,700 30,320 11,718 89,811 486,658 31,640 87,067 367,951 122,382 149,844 116,406 437,071 16,470 67,109 353,492 216,224 112,551 99,675 33,438 12,876 2,400 21,781 12,181 9,600 124,352 15,846 3,971 17,379 13,429 3,950 204,965 8,719 1,340 1,227 2,300 7,580 7,580 2,300 4,628 4,468 3,900 1,560 110,128 2,700 238,698 2,832 14,556 6,560 6,370 11,520 681,481 18,525 12,886 508,334 285,245 644,754 19,341 8,799 464,374 246,916 76,520 94,895 77,300 37,043 78,140 63,245 17,595 58,898 11,339 14,895 104,105 1,819 38,874 1,987 11,529 45,084 843 6,400 3,000 1,500 85,011 15,500 51,215 131,560 2,630 36,577 7,258 95,485 47,214 240 162,659 26,244 13,425 60,026 22,500 176,203 10,110 10,774 56,933 23,538 935 22,603 22,500 $248,565 136,283 44,337 67,945 2,724,521 172,530 738,845 1,813,146 549,304 921,091 700,479 220,612 39,814 76,765 56,182 20,573 646,370 89,080 2,895 8,735 29,962 21,707 8,255 24,466 52,589 891,626 19,310 114,928 126,793 1,749,611 58,232 28,069 8,219,515 2,071,757 167,050 1,159,014 912,134 246,880 267,501 34,400 201,079 11,265 81,161 2,225 325,592 38,190 88,802 982,892 5,639 254,490 153, 141 16,090 226,827 64,130 4,233 69,897 $700 $15,797 200 9,660 500 3,522 2,615 33,850 8,395 100 25,355 881 18,454 4,555 73,188 330 15,700 57,158 97,315 39,292 28,691 13,899 10,601 10,080 13,448 8,388 5,060 175 6,746 50 50 1,347 140 927 120 1,834 1,750 1,750 1,434 400 4,630 1,100 6,380 9,778 3,150 95 12,017 4,500 4,983 7,927 125,790 7;621 7,076 14,612 20,321 2,614 1,212,975 92,825 4,465 12,803 9,043 25 15,974 15,250 3,760 724 8,209 8,471 1,456 12,400 2,053 3,394 49 ' 600 1,200 326 7,804 12,595 125 1,540 1,110 28,649 925 5,182 16,370 2,036 1,200 836 22,309 136,068 16,837 1,733 17,498 96,231 6,156 20,922 69,153 21,605 22,351 19,368 2,983 371 1,342 755 587 235,033 1,125 6 719 -J 584 1 78 292 1,043 18,343 138 729 5,300 2,205,324 655 1,119 624,098 65,147 37,562 21,641 18,682 2,959 9,449 5,099 9,382 64 703 105 24,188 435 8,610 86,260 205 45,587 4,083 559 975 2,742 22 2,720 $3,014,406 1,732,945 173,101 1,108,360 4,376,696 250,947 1,401,575 2,724,174 2,665,417 1,296,764 1,066,564 230,200 38,257 161,919 116,160 45,759 395, 705 91,496 5,828 57,275 118,761 97,832 20,929 24,495 157,695 2,502,914 32,698 100,949 96,565 3,011,275 108,607 62,261 15,892,094 5,190,441 4,301,846 1,112,652 755,353 357,299 887, 508 639,976 510,498 24,603 29,764 1,475 11,179,324 73,852 955,015 2,777,153 23,100 2,138,993 252,650 54,198 85,196 479,369 13,635 465,734 $34,953 8,316 6,696 20,941 282,843 12,788 129, 104 140,951 11,223 51,329 39,936 11,393 6,075 2,715 2,433 282 1,285,565 3,516 142 4,406 11,095 8,978 2,117 954 2,662 23,505 501 2,148 42,412 291,926 1,744 884 87,323 71,424 161,371 98,481 86,182 12,299 18,810 7,620 16,373 1,564 2,072 167 99,683 1,098 17,872 467,801 27,268 14,605 986 5,558 4,402 596 3,806 $4,978,745 3,037,189 313,478 1,628,078 10,549,183 667,390 2,943,991 6,937,802 4,207,468 3,240,244 2, 492, 198 748,046 117,452 341,289 248,188 93,101 4,158,606 283,075 12,051 85,705 207,993 159,594 48,399 88,580 240,849 4,665,325 77,243 307,833 342,490 14,266,296 239, 967 151,976 32,412,302 9,463,993 5,636,696 3,121,447 2,384,844 736,603 1,594,845 944,666 1,266,028 50,309 135,447 21,375 12,356,906 218, 776 1,498,609 5,572,537 63,500 4,583,827 650,676 124,954 605,781 756,941 26,033 730,908 $1,929,386 1,295,928 134,681 498, 777 5,889,644 403,655 1,413,312 4,072,677 1,530,828 1,892,151 1,385,698 506,453 73, 120 176,655 129,595 47,060 2,477,336 188,063 6,081 24,024 78,137 52,784 25,353 63,131 80,492 2,138,906 44,044 204,736 203,513 10,963,095 129,616 98,831 16,432,885 4,202,128 1,173,479 1,910,314 1,543,309 367,005 688,527 297,070 739,157 24,152 103, 611 19,733 1,077,899 143, 826 525,722 2,327,583 30, 134 2,417,566 283,421 69, 770 615,027 273,170 11,802 261,368 1,369 402 215 752 10,664 648 2,035 7,981 372 2,915 2,368 547 335 104 95 9 4,670 71 y 5 292 209 100 109 15 31 2,149 6 51 328 9,201 61 25 46,626 10,286 4,428 7,050 6,163 887 1,262 116 472 34 72 12 4,467 19 1,046 53,259 12 923 920 21 84 108 21 87 500 290 110 100 3,939 330 660 2,949 1,353 1,353 200 4,147 287 200 100 100 1,850 260 7,917 45,873 8,216 3,135 2,193 1,996 197 300 100 145 33 2,959 480 10,350 254 555 35 35 33 471 50 14 407 10 345 345 2 339 27 364 123 40 174 162 101 12 12 25 127 30 740 740 35,773 803 79 72 652 6,247 268 1,361 4,618 362 1,217 670 547 135 102 95 7 184 71 15 31 272 6 51 43 1,240 61 25 262 1,917 1,253 3,943 3,265 678 962 16 223 34 72 12 1,508 19 660 7,136 10 659 345 17 84 61 21 40 106 95 327 48 108 723 975 1,722 1,370 1,878 315 315 100 103 45 46 47 4,532 200 50 * Same number reported for one or more other months. * None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 748 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nrotlSTBT AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEES0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EAKNEKS— NUMBER DEC. IS, OB NEABEST BEPBE8ENTA- IIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- per in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Hale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 16th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Printing and publishing, book and Job Job printmg Book publishing and printing .. . Linotvpe work and typesetting. , Printing and j)ublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing." Publishing without printing Printing materials Refrigerators Saddlery and harness Sausage Shipbuilding New vessels Repair work - Small boats Shirts Signs and advertising novelties Electric signs Other si^ Advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Radiators and oast-iron boilers. . . All other Steam packing Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and hot-air furnaces Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, chewing and smoking Tobacco, cigars Tools, machinists' and miscellaneous Upholstering materials, not else- where specified. Varnishes Window shades and fixtures Wirework, woven- wire fencing Wooden goods not elsewhere specified Woolen goods All other industries * 258 233 13 12 705 23 582 100 3 13 316 6 5 4 6 7 4 16 193 4,105 2,908 1,055 142 5,338 1,611 3,402 325 15 312 705 49 10 110 411 320 35 132 153 3,069 91 17 395 195 200 227 97 200 184 16 2,353 10 1,749 23 44 45 6,588 266 230 7 19 687 11 627 -. 49 58 4 13 71 37 14 1 36 3 4 4 25 1 23 1 18 7 4 8 1 7 1 6 9 2 7 12 10 347 10 4 2 10 3 11 119 235 188 39 8 290 66 166 35 464 177 2 965 490 350 125 1 26 27 4 3 20 407 28 2 46 27 19 81 13 2 IS 814 249 109 136 4 454 189 172 25 3 2 1 2 3 210 2,901 2,204 588 109 2,942 855 2,087 266 530 22 125 43 6 76 349 238 ■ 24 95 119 2,565 46 11 269 149 120 174 70 169 160 9 2,058 33 21 448 5,156 Ap 2,234 Je 601 Ap 120 De De 886 2,122 Fe 313 572 22 My Je My Mh 52 10 102 387 Se Ap He* De Mh My< 33 105 169 3,010 49 12 Ap Ja Fe 170 133 224 74 Se 184 Oc ' 10 Au 2,565 Au 1,277 De My* Je No Mh 14 39 21 18 57 24 471 Oc 2,152 De 564 De 94 Au 836 Ja 2,052 Au Au 216 483 22 Au De Oc No 326 Ja« 16 Jy 85 Ja< 97 My 2,201 De Ja Ja 12ff De 101 De 111 Jy 64 Ja 76 Au* 8 Mh 1,539 My* 1, 241 11 De Fe De De De De 18 13 21 15 429 2,890 2,203 686 101 2,996 870 2,126 256 550 22 128 48 7 73 330 241 24 91 126 2,517 46 11 263 156 107 174 71 166 156 10 2,006 14 44 18 15 31 23 436 2,063 1,741 229 83 2,496 825 1,671 256 518 22 128 48 7 73 156 150 21 91 38 2,455 35 11 257 150 107 164 71 166 156 10 2,004 14 44 16 13 31 22 236 821 446 357 18 445 30 415 31 171 91 3 383 1 199 16 1 15 1 54 1 15 39 {6,122,168 4,143,468 1,802,327 176,363 8,426,504 2,514,948 5,613,066 298,490 29,652 1,416,996 1,555,797 26,023 223,150 69,867 13,650- 139,633 485,699 314,062 53,467 109,503 151,092 9,087,756 339,031 11,818 1,308,876 373, 6<3 935,223 1,135,551 152,174 295,319 280,314 15,005 5,036,860 1,834 1,446,748 52,284 142, 174 227,872 70,017 60,195 40,301 1,634,262 26,948,825 1 Owned power only. » Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace- Bags, other than paper 8 Baking powders and yeast 3 Belting, leather 3 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Butter , reworking 1 Buttons 3 Carriages and sleds, children's 2 Cars , steam- railroad, not including op- erations of railroad companies 1 Cement : 2 Charcoal, not including production in lumber and wood distillation indus- tries 1 Chemicals 2 CofiSns , burial cases, and undertakers ' goods 6 Coke, not including gas-house coke. . . 1 Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese 1 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Corsets 4 Cutlery and edge tools '. 3 Drug grinding 1 Dyemg and fijolshing textiles 1 Enameling 2 Engraving and diesinklng 2 Engraving, wood 1 Explosives 1 Fertilizers 1 Flavoring extracts 3 Furnishing goods , men's 3 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters , 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Hair work 1 Hardware 2 Hats, straw 1 Hats, wool-felt 1 Horseshoes.notmadeinsteelworksor . rolling mills '. 2 Ice, manufiictiired 3 Ink, printing I Ink , writing 2 Iron and steel, blastfurnaces 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, doors and snatters. . . 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 749 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. * For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuefand rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIBS COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $503,351 384,245 106,456 12,650 601,717 192,792 305,601 103,324 8,740 49,300 56,006 1,560 4,500 $595,279 230,087 361,967 .3,225 1,358,985 720,051 491,306 147,628 1,093 40,856 70,913 200 3,099 1,680 81,989,911 1,511,084 395,249 83,578 2,088,182 677,724 1,410,458 $426,082 225,153 200,929 "siiisog" 82,622 85,791 343,096 $180,822 168,844 6,444 5,534 IK, 580 50,122 108, 413 25,045 2,404 $47,018 25,205 21, 173 640 71,646 28,090 41,854 1,702 440 9,341 19,838 225 1,829 700 87 1,042 3,355 1,300 423 534 343 72,157 2,674 80 6,348 3,286 3,062 6,633 1,722 1,011 914 97 27,608 4,009 214,714 232 945 1,461 68 557 126 8,865 153,935 $2, 039, 822 1,765,765 '261,781 12,276 3,125,569 1,008,197 1,983,986 133,386 10,634 385,553 1,449,575 142,376 153,530 62,362 4,477 86,691 513,197 283,302 13,076 74,855 195,371 41,385,268 455,599 7,452 418,982 116,286 302,696 322,966 60,784 105,694 97, 810 7,884 3,602,751 7,013 1,111,178 5,971 55,260 87, 150 52,204 31,695 32, 741 823,789 15,326,815 $71, 138 59, 121 7,653 4,364 116,806 28,575 90,008 223 794 23,993 15,632 2,313 3,964 2,070 35 1,869 3,304 3,640 430 2,035 1,175 206,227 7,126 311 10,721 8,152 2,569 30,681 4,087 7,218 6, 7.32 486 60,542 35 10,243 1,198 2,667 1,312 286 739 628 25.722 1,055^507 $7,652,223 5,535,381 1,947,764 169,078 11,927,678 4,146,344 6,638,478 1,142,856 43,618 975,253 2,241,379 174,256 317,111 116,518 12,300 188,293 877,715 592,525 48,703 226,400 317,422 47,535,803 614,028 23,130 1,185,992 294,137 891, 855 752, 521 175,037 316,335 296,8,35 19, 500 6,305,596 16,034 2,856,459 33,051 111,792 185,353 86,648 77,483 60,565 1,297,654 25,092,267 $5,641,263 3,710,495. 1,678,330 152,438 8,685,303 3,111,572 4,564,484 1,009,247 32, 190 665,707 776, 172 29,567 159,617 52,086 7,788 99,743 361,214 305,583 35, 197 149, 510 120,876 5,944,308 151,303 15,367 756,289 169,699 586,590 398, 874 110, 166 203, 423 192,293 11, 130 2,642,303 8,986 1,735,038 25,882 53,865 96,891 34, 158 45,049 27,196 448, 143 8, 709, 945 2,650 2,302 322 26 4,298 1,347 2,951 195 195 6 6 2,449 2,101 322 26 3,433 1,321 2,112 29 29 i" i' 1 2 3 4 170 695 26 669 5 6 7 8 7,347 202,248 373,708 18,030 89,323 34, 819 4, 165 50,339 145, 108 157,662 18,888 76,563 62,211 1,798,973 23,968 7,896 189,934 100,408 89,626 113,919 61,603 115,354 109,791 6,563 1,495,716 10 1,297 362 71 352 158 14 180 168 84 6 47 31 5,189 185 4 1,255 SO 5 122 100 22' 112 6 42 311 66 44 736 1 9 in 36 36,085 1,650 1,399 1 11 12 1,700 186 58 14 114 13 14 75 1,324 12,872 19,442 3,590 10, 172 5,680 7,360 2, .533 694 4,140 700 3,440 920 6,840 2,820 2,400 420 1,794 632 43,652 977 2,060 425 1,760 960 • 2,009 ■ 3,140 98,080 1ft 4,500 31,649 38,698 71348 13,400 17,950 88,226 10,330 1,419 31,338 23,485 4,457 4,180 14,848 430,640 33,513 3,000 334,381 19,090 315,291 35,332 10,298 6,885 6,885 1,700 12,512 1,324 1,024 300 44 56 79 1 47 31 851 15 24 "i,'42i' 5 16 17 5 5 IS 19 20 911 2,358 4,322 170 16 22 94 ■■ '75,795 18,180 57,615 28,168 ■15,669 17,072 17,072 268 208 60 1,250 203 212 197 15 2,213 1 31 23 497 19 9 23 46 1,266 12,655 30 30 238 178 60 800 201 212 197 15 991 1 21 14 12s 19 9 23 40 270 4,015 32' "i,'675' "■'eis' 1,770 9(i Ofl ?7 129 378 450 28 2 29 30 ^^ 3' 160,643 222,068 15,155 1,205 17 33 14 65,310 89,116 699, 126 10,219 30,602 9,078 11,631 17, 176 11,953 229,222 3,103,599 2,409 '"'372' 10 9 35 6,931 12,685 1,377 3,525 3,250 47^142 603,398 800 27,063 4,786 200 1,173 18,623 908,048 37 W 39 1,500 40 6 441 8,405 1,H8 21,249 46 235 509 42 43 3 Same number reported throughout the year. * Same number reported for one or more other months. Irim and steel forgings 2 Labels and tags 1 Lamps and renectors 2 Lapidarywork , 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 :LeathergoodSrnotelsewherespecifled 2 . Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 4 Liueii goods 2 .Lubricating greases 2 Matches.". 1 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber 'and grass 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and.parts 3 Mudlage and paste 3 Musical instruments, organs 1 Musical instruments, pianos 3 Oakum 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 3 Photograpliio apparatus 1 Photographic materials 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Pottery 1 Printing and publishing, music 2 Pulp wood 5 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Roofing materials 7 Safes and vaults 2 Sand and emery paper 1 Sand-lime brick 3 Show cases 4 Soda-water apparatus 2 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stamped and enameled ware 1 Stationery goods , not elsewhere speci- fied.....:...... :!... 4 Sugar, beet 1 Surgical appliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 3 Theatrical scenery 1 Tinware 4 Toys and games 1 Trunks and valises 17 Type founding 1 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 2 Window and door screens and weather strips 5 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wool pulling 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 750 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNEES— -NUMBEB DEC. IS, OB NEABEST BEFBESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. DTTIjUTH— All industries . Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products. . Carriages and wagons Clothing, mens', including shirts. . . Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture, wood, including store and office fixtures. Jewelry Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Mineral and ^oda waters Printing and pubhshing, job work, bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness. . Tobacco, cigars All other industries*. 6,778 11 168 29 292 141 161 S99 60 22 1,751 481 19 254 280 18 113 76 2,303 184 259 1 23 19 18 1 9 1 102 652 55 15 145 6,638 Ja 7,084 Je 4, 6 111 21 238 81 134 491 13 182 168 168 45 1,813 Oca No Je Oc 10 117 25 Jy 165 Jy 576 Mh 77 Mh8 Ja Se JyS Ta 3,217 468 17 192 Au Fes Jy Ja Mh Ja No Je JyS Je De De8 De Ja 106 IS 143 75 De 104 De 391 De' 31 13 780 377 11 168 159 Oc Mh3 6,005 10 115 22 148 76 143 409 31 14 2,353 11 168 165 165 74 49 1,837 5,374 10 79 22 34 27 143 409 31 14 1,353 379 11 132 156 156 41 1,465 36 114 49 34 6 7 368 $19,617,399 7,950 253,100 65,588 217,029 205,789 255,952 2,311,258 97,315 11,215 3,730,801 1,138,830 32,688 457,988 456,858 464,778 2,030 369,052 68,199 9,947,787 * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 3 Baking powders and yeast 1 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes, cigars 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 1 Brooms 1 Butter 2 Carpets, rag. . .'. 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs b^ steam-railroad com parties. 2 Chemicals 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke. . . 1 Cooperage 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 Food preparations , not elsewhere spec- ified 2 Fur goods 2 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornar menting 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 MINNEAPOLIS— All industries. Agricultural implements. Artificial limbs Artificial-stone products.. Automobiles Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Babbitt metal, type mefal, and solder Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. ■Brooms, from broom com Butter Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials _ Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's, men's and youths', including contract work. Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Flour-mill and gristmill products 1,349 36, 459 1,217 1,4<)9 3,997 1,451 28,296 4 94 6 16 6 67 6 106 6 1 20 14 66 51 262 61 11 6 2 192 6 323 10 26 9 279 64 294 65 7 7 3 222 48 272 62 5 6 3 206 6 22 3 2 1 16 3 14 1 5 2 6 S 96 6 6 3 5 76 4 329 2 13 9 11 294 9 271 6 11 6 4 244 129 1,743 126 40 217 105 1,266 6 64 3 7 54 6 59 10 1 7 41 8 104 2 14 14 12 62 6 37 7 3 1 26 3 20 14 181 2 22 1 7 11 145 4 3 6 3,342 84 100 18 3,140 15 759 13 13 61 3 679 5 127 6 11 23 10 78 38 675 37 27 76 24 411 33 480 34 18 71 19 338 6 96 3 9 5 5 73 11 576 116 15 13 3 429 67 607 72 22 ,33 15 365. 10 228 6 16 24 14 168 7 61 8 3 1 39 6 244 2 13 60 13 166 19 4,220 10 168 1,197 266 2,580 Au 29,479 Fe My 3 Je Jy Au De Je Fe Je Se Au My ^J Oc De Au Se 91 217 367 218 20 7 80 366 285 1,321 121 43 76 30 12 158 No 3,197 My 729 Se 88 De 452 Jy 110 Mh 460 404 176 Ja 42 Fe 185 Fe 2, 660 Ja 26, 950 Je De' De De 48 64 144 232 Ja Jas Je Ja' De Oc Ja Ja» Ja' Ja Ja' Ja Oo 186 13 40 51 19 8 125 Ja 3,087 No 645 Oo 68 De 242 52 319 155 37 106 Oc' 2,621 28,335 63 64 244 . 279 229 213 16 7 78 294 216 1,293 108 40 59 27 12 140 3,126 674 79 623 453 70 451 159 38 135 2,644 22,823 5,478 63 66 244 279 227 212 15 7 53 111 216 847 3,126 132 38 223 156 68 444 363 145 38 135 2,661 25 178 542 41 300 298 2 7 83 1115,591,908 496,706 69, 702 308, 973 1,258,916 345,566 334,066 11,600 29,462 116,675 403,224 496, 134 4,308,989 140,614 40,203 490,290 37,715 20,765 371,224 4,179,873 708,025 657,659 785,351 692,295 193,066 772,585 785,052 293,246 33,223 2,493,499 26,557,517 1 Owned power onl£)/g/f/2ec/ /)/ MiCrO^&ft®^^^"^^"' other than electric. MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. OR MORE,' BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 751 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.^ Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $636,337 $752,310 $3,364,802 $154,201, $154,209 $430,602 $10,571,177 $946,492 I $19, 729, 283 $8,211,614 14,914 9,392 39 5,483 686 11,220 2,280 10,388 13,200 20,080 63,280 3,637 . 69,588 33,498 1,200 37,757 43,935 42,935 1,000 12,756 1,200 312,318 24,377 1,668 17,388 52,061 9,756 94,138 4,735 904 48,991 32,106 17,377 75,399 68,419 18,810 3,859 350,741 3,920 63,785 18,191 90,377 34,352 98,334 352,273 35,262 12,080 686,087 278,416 8,748 110,419 202,491 202,491 66,309 26,100 1,287,658 100 3,060 250 43,053 10,894 70^932 53,229 17,703 1,550 15,967 45 5,145 3,840 9,216 11,819 4,033 4,389 1,100 10,865 6,140 1,296 18,633 9,544 7,744 1,800 7,302 2,927 56,476 33 •1,480 100 317 1,374 2,341 11,485 226 78,824 13,088 243 3,095 3,093 1,433 8,301 306, 522 1,650 246,805 37,417 519,085 183,874 160,919 762,364 42,678 8,380 1,484,239 1,029,324 15,527 116,533 177,009 177,609 226,200 42,931 5, 516, 242 46 12,732 1,097 763 3,577 2,827 31,792 1,828 186 240 9,398 392 4,585 4,585 2; 500 441 869,090 6,150 477,796 70,068 689,975 346, 634 406,907 1,641,390 102, 737 28,609 2,644,945 1,493,696 47,785 429,601 684,867 652,074 32,793 313, 173 124,391 10, 220, 559 4,454 218,259 31,554 170, 127 169, 183 243,161 847,234 58,231 20,043 1,160,466 454,974 31,866 308,070 503,273 470,480 32,793 84,473 81,019 3,835,227 93 49 47 51 84 1,767 152 3,295 1,592 224 230 230 102 3,295 775 110 5 93 49 47 51 76 ,241 152 7 817 7 114 230 230 4,702 102 '2,'492' 81 25 542 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- catinggreases 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling nulls 1 Hosiery and knit goods 3 Ice cream 2 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Lime 1 Linen goods 2 Liquors, malt 4 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Marble and stone work 3 Matches 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Models and patterns, not including pa- per patterns 1 Optical goods 2 Paints 2 Patent medicines and compounds 5 Roofing materials 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 3 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces , except gas and oil stoves 1 Trunks and valises 2 Woolen goods i $3,766,645 $5,820,683 $18,894,649 $984,635 $1,263,833 $1,499,270 $128,768,488 $2,430,967 $187, $56,654,714 109,040 57,037 1,161 29,481 21,361 28,311 131,818 178 50 219 268 312 287 25 7 47 176 945 1,464 498 17 382 63 14 255 2,798 133 256 605 252 353 1,028 180 302 93 549 61,884 165 13 50 68 168 301 276 25 7 47 110 245 723 80 17 101 30 14 88 15 133 206 366 87 278 26 119 302 93 493 3,525 15 "'■■375' 678 76' 2,620 5' 'i8,"929' 131,725 263,079 270,349 40 100 HI 352,914 327,567 25,347 15,507 11 11 118,740 263,206 66 650 741 410 176,348 2,295,774 50 61,433 53,820 8 193,323 281 24,732 13,746 23 226,826 2,407,021 393,733 160 2,473 7 310 409,752 50 230 155 75 1,002 28 656,973 466,911 190, 062 10 10 611, 644 659,101 303,930 33 53,664 693,118 12,053,941 '29,' 275' 56 15 29;669' 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 8,795 780 1^,789 35,675 11,000 9,500 1,500 5,356 11,708 26,852 32,-821 79,788 8,812 960 23,500 1,800 13,465 118,722 28,515 43,048 63,517 47,900 15,617 20,907 45,926 43,640 3,207 33,142 606,861 16,804 28,525 6,973 42,264 5,852 5,562 300 760 3,904 18,652 8,124 308,615 3,360 9,024 2,288 4,807 91,835 46,708 65,145 117,728 107,872 4,856 14,256 27,480 33,889 39,951 41,900 144,314 183,768 185,781 174,333 11,448 3,873 49,634 144,456 140,976 671,025 29,403 27,890- 34,659 11,942 8,207 100,151 2,148,126 293,884 39,840 198,735 155,584 43,151 285,194 261,643 108,539 2,685 1,824 3,840 3,840 1,076 1,422 420 9,618 1,685 12,695 35,623 33,261 2,362 1,3?0 6,765 5,028 6,384 73,862 2,149 300 5,030 1,601 700 4,732 5,014 250 23,886 8,782 29,099 25,709 3,390 16,269 5,790 17,678 6,125 2,150 272 3,440 2,958 2,725 2,694 31 136 977 4,431 4,147 28,205 857 648 1,595 200 85 2,906 33,355 6,770 5,009 5,236 4,085 1,151 8,342 5,515 1,008 42, 130 29,094 187,541 433,409 177,332 135,676 41,656 65,021 49,358 221,354 452,242 2,527,440 2,982 56,648 1,317,309 1,463 14,469 180,819 1,995,164 996,160 1,619,006 932,597 696,011 236,586 765,005 627,026 249,572 806 28,725 533 4,167 176 69,421 114,661 6,102 1,740 6,826 1,626,442 2,025,660 464,606 199,272 1 Same number reported tor one or more other months. 9,863 226,437 72,502,223 2,718 1,690 6,058 6,480 15,777 14,048 1,729 513 1,246 6,939 4,177 94,031 20,213 739 13,173 1,205 435 6,518 147,263 7,156 8,876 21,333 13,620 7,813 13,761 6,240 4,950 3,823 13,549 576,280 176,666 162,509 446,678 709, 238 546,023 477,291 68,732 81,041 169,344 490,499 632,767 4,917,245 84,628 111,207' 1,523,805 27,390 28,640 413, 163 4,649,448 1,396,049 2,037,634 1,610,903 1,176,442 434,461 1,390,310 1,092,367 568,452 67,340 933,104 85,132,444 < None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 752 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. IS, OR NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number,' 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. MOTNEAFOLIS— Continued. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foimdry and machine-shop products. Boiler and machine shops Foundries Fur goods , Furniture Wood, including rattan and willow. Store and office fixtures , Gas and electric fixtures Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hand stamps Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products, not includiag planing mills connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds. . Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing. . Linotype work and typesetting. Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Printing and publishing ' Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Shirts Signs and advertising novelties , Electric signs Signs, other than electric, and advertising novelties. Soap Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Stereotyping and electrotyping Structiiral ironwork, not made in steel works or iDlling mills. Tobacco manufactures Trunks and valises All other industries * 7 123 111 8 4 44 10 176 398 1,533 1,320 213 167 827 678 149 106 15 31 2,083 117 697 70 1,691 116 100 43 71 138 459 55 196 107 1,443 1,281 75 87 1,603 651 744 151 208 35 173 12 17 267 51 2,082 255 92 5,717 1 28 2 6 6 120 111 2 7 42 1 13 28 21 1 14 1 13 6 4 6 2 48 8 127 114 107 7 7 42 36 5 4 101 31 38 32 4 12 10 5 5 17 5 54 12 10 216 113 106 7 6 45 41 1 46 2 123 13 101 14 3 46 16 1 4 5 13 101 73 2 473 212 177 84 40 3 172 20 5 485 90 5 11 88 10 17 2 54 44 7 3 214 79 71 64 2 5 3 1 1 2 152 305 1,200 1,010 190 127 703 578 125 43 7 21 1,920 92 437 37 1,499 353 292 13 66 30 50 76 239 26 139 80 1,070 964 35 71 773 328 445 141 116 163 24 139 3 11 156 38 1,824 174 67 4,737 Oc 332 My 1,119 No 892 Fe 200 IJo 1X1 No 175 Mh 89 Ap Ja De Se De Je Mh Oc Je De Jy Ja Au Apa Oca Jy3 Mh No My Ja Ap 615 141 49 95 8 25 98 531 45 1,642 98 52 86 310 28 165 Oc 98 Mh 62 Apa Ap 985 37 83 Oc No De 928 33 56 No Oc 342 458 Ap Mh' 158 124 De De No Ap 4 12 166 Oc 41 Au 2,306 Se 183 76 Ap 287 Ja De Se De Mh Ja Ja 1,1 Je No My 526 92 389 34 De 1,278 Au Ja De Ja Ja Se Ja Au Je No No 257 266 48 65 170 23 129 Au Ja 316 437 Au Au 111 Ja Mh My Mh No 16 114 2 9 147 Je 32 Mh 1,340 '/e 165 58 308 1,159 973 186 147 710 578 132 45 84 27 1,930 96 421 38 1,487 92 356 265 12 57 30 73 246 132 75 1,085 987 35 779 332 447 109 166 24 142 4 11 146 1,757 179 60 4,621 121 1,155 969 186 53 702 671 131 45 '83 16 280 85 421 38 1,481 92 356 229 4 63 27 34 59 77 9 121 45 840 780 5 55 695 310 385 21 68 4 11 140 39 1,755 115 58 3,632 186 11 1,650 7 13 14 168 17 11 30 200 30 81 $1,154,748 ,718,381 ,661,925 166,456 674,079 ,484,296 ,322,374 161,922 91,700 80,301 1,647,068 64,596 ',020,780 116,337 1,565,019 2,646,314 502,703 1,104,924 26,024 113,056 23,390 41,470 725,661 482,761 80,034 153,039 404,202 1,829,933 1,619,136 106,283 104,514 3,368,742 1,663,603 1,624,943 180,196 244,931 105,783 167,595 53,467 114,128 25,700 11,818 1,097,269 81,701 4,686,128 240,930 90,214 30,584,106 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts 11 Awnings, tents , and sails 4 Bags, other than paper 4 Baking powders ana yeast 2 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware 2 Belting, leather 3 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Boots and shoes 3 Boxes, cigar 2 Brass, bronze,andcopperproducts... 4 Brushes 2 Carriages and sleds, children's Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cars, steam-railroad, notincluding op- erations of railroad companies Charcoal, not including production in the lumber and wood distillation in- dustries Chemicals Cleansing and polishing prepara- ciomngVw6©/^7f/7^G^ :£(y Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Cordials and flavoring sirups Corsets Cutlery and edge tools Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' suppr ~ ' ■ ods •I Ml Dental goods Drug grinding Druggists' preparations Dyeing and finishing textiles. Tnameling fmr'B&&i fi^iaiig - ■ - ■ Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding-plate printing 5 Envelopes 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied 4 Flags and banners 3 Flavoring extracts 3 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Furs, dressed 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Gloves and niittens, leather 1 Hats, straw 1 Hous6-f urnisyng goods, not elsewhere specified i MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 753 1 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ,ments report- mg. OfSeials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, Includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec-' trie (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OH MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $133,060 $57,879 $188,110 $700 $11,325 $20,216 $2,258,632 $26,939 $3,803,480 $1,517,909 956 226 33 33 665 • 93 1 214,388 201,888 12,600 20,832 78,118 69,752 121,362 117,170 4,192 17,659 57,199 54,008 1,003^209 893,608 109,601 85,008 465,347 375,589 8,276 8,176 100 43,424 38,644 4,780 26,483 26,234 21,233 25,361 24,103 1,258 1,470 11,392 9,782 1,398,344 1,325,617 72,727 282,107 707,408 620,897 65,784 65,939 9,845 2,518 23,876 19,686 3,780,260 3,518,293 261,967 565,811 1,652,565 1,403,746 2,316,132 2,136,737 . 179,395 281,186 921,281 763,162 2,200 2,076 124 39 1,197 1,033 365 340 25 222 208 14 1,613 1,528 85 39 377 213 69 69 48' 48 2 a 4 ■s 3,855 3,865 765 755 65 65 6 7 8,366 3,191 89,758 5,001 1,610 86,511 4,190 248,820 187,146 150,465 23,007 54,330 4,341,216 167,661 3,434,245 137,333 4,460,655 158,119 92,777 111,505 16,743 16,663 2,041,464 115,584 2,644,000 90,800 2,210,104 164 164 8 12,631 12,036 " 6,375 5,575 36,751 65,356 9,380 3,980 '723 749^ 93,546 37,409 823 1,551 31 32 2 29 32 9 1( 1,248 900 468 240 6,076 11,795 100 2,100 1,940 37 334 5,896 37,160 368 607 5 11 5 11 11 1; 100,311 234,205 835,918 65,704 412,490 25,812 1,050,965 1,830 6,678 18,051 398 658,-515 1,053 26,649 2,278,156 50,921 731,232 45,661 2,219,872 21,596 1,156 59,013 872 30,679 1,978 33 1,791 25 4,101 1,850 723 "''m "■'325' 13 11,200 153,499 12,886 133,720 3,992 165,944 8,799 127,119 33 117 25 319 14 1,674 15 5,960 9,539 16 92,525 3,770 12 17 39,620 18,199 97,397 4,465 25 16,897 2,123,756 92,323 2,868,730 652,651 2,640 1,460 1,180 609 18 19,120 37,770 1,539 12,300 5,979 14,475 78,506 960 5,428 256,913 194,828 4,409 46,143 21,199 3,162 2,442 2,060 1,708 3,633 2,160 2,374 7,897 385,156 595,996 13,063 67,208 9,405 ' 13,598 13,927 173 2,528 1,068 795,855 1,112,565 51,699 166,942 47,989 196,508 949,780 1,315,274 94,254 383,726 397,101 502,642 38,363 97,206 37,516 132,823 313,319 966,563 55,847 327,397 965 1,105 4 36 37 272 300 17 676 805 4 28 37 19 21 1,243 235 8 2? 23 15,500 32,705 55,612 13,425 30,011 7,258 68,008 . 92,863 8,824 45,426 36,350 57,597 110,146 11,690 136,792 7,180 3,835 16,186 4,496 9,690 377 5,460 7,359 278 663 62,732 621,526 339,610 37,643 53,395 953 14,935 9,101 764 2,934 14 742 222 14 53 14 - 436 83 10 53 ""266" 24 300 129 6 10 4" W 489 26 27 22,309 28 20,100 201,760 15,931 121,246 44,525 730,288 920 90,674 1,862 10,905 331,539 840,075 2,618 26,968 536,693 2,701,601 202,636 1,834,468 57 1,043 36 22 1,041 29 _69,292 2 30 184,010 9,600 8,150 269,436 96,925 22,032 2,289 724,442 647,421 27,405 55,462 619,223 45,701 23,591 - 82,550 4,524 3,600 60,129 10,373 356 176 28,878 798,691 33,949 7,435 1,058,647 24,441 757 1,770 28,303 2,440,566 154,754 106,181 4, 728, 228 1,617,434 120,048 96,976 3, 641, 278 992 35 16 1,283 2 990 35 16 1,133 591 542 31 St?, tS 276,257 150 34 95,100 104,816 366,610 258,773 274,864 344,359 . 18,542 47,543 29,184 15,266 14,907 12,848 489,661 483,978 9,508 18,685 2,006,206 2,039,429 682,593 602,207 1,507,037 1,536,766 591 692 5 160 36 69,520 6,504 99,059 4,173 ""i68,'i96" 210, 172 36 15,679 9,663 1,123 2,253 85,008 414,323 110 2,461 597,475 185,423 37 46 46 i!R 16,800 15,948 7,348 8,600 23,728' 13,567 4,457 9,110 47,324 106,781 18,888 87,893 3,870 1,324 1,024 300 5,510 12,763 3,590 9,173 665 948 423 625 122,160 162,716 13,076 149,640 946 1,748 430 1,318 336,427 354,224 - 48,703 305,521 213,321- 189,760 35, 197 164,563 27 42 6 36 27 37 1 36 3<) ■ 5 5 40 41 42 1,300 1,404 3,000 327,984 3,096 7,896 115,795 673 694 3,080 92 80 5,197 18,500 7,452 343,976 706 311 5,205 43,700 23,130 991,120 24,494 15,367 641,939 40,970 2,350,636 25 25 43 4.1 61,215 120 120 45 6,564 142,083 4; 016 205,501 29,125 1,329,387 89 6,696 2,640 1050 1,486 24,767 20,115 3,365,638 2,853- 49,756 63,938 5,766,029 109 1,944 109 809 "i.'ere' 46 1,120 15 47 25,500 11,855 554,584 ,19,814 6,404 649,058 112,781 39,798 3,061,592 7,554 5,838 126,462 !!4,098 867 264,200 178,335 83,311 21,785,233 1,033 1,271 936,549 444,567 186,767 31,046,338 265, 199 101,185 8,324,556 4 32 13,364 4 30 3,952 "i,'276' 'IS 3,500 442,833 "8," 936" 2 101 """375' 49 50 ' Same nmnber reported for one or more other months. Ice, manufactured 1 Ink, writing 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 2 Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works orrolllng mills 2 Labels and tags 1 lapidary work 1 Litnqgraphing 3 Lubricatmg greases 1 Lumber and timber products 1 wr(A'S, framed and unframed 2 Uuoilsge and paste 2 82101°— 18 48 Musical instruments and materials, not elsewhere specified 3 Oil, Unseed 3 ■ Oil , not elsewhere specified 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paving materials 3 Photographic materials 1 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials '. 2 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 4 Safes and vaults 1 Sand-lime brie] Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Show cases 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soda-water apparatus 1 Stamped and enameled ware 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Theatrical scenery 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified. 1 Type founding i 'bigifizedt)y immdfm ■■■"-■ ' Varnishes l Vault lights and ventilators 1 Window and door screens and weather strips ". 3 Window shades and fixtures 4 Wirework 4 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Wool pulling 1 Woolen goods " 1 754 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. IS, OR NEAREST EEPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofli- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, lath day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTMES— Continued. ST. PAUL— All industries. Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bags, other than paper Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar , Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other oakery products. Butter Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Bepair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clotbing, men's, including shirts Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Engmes, steam, gas, and water Food preparations, not elsewhere specirea. Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler and machine shops Foundries Fur goods Furniture and refrigerators Furs, dressed Gas, illuminating and heating. Hand stamps Jewelry Lnmber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats and hat frames. Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds . . , Photo-engraving • Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing, including book j)ublishing and printing. Lmotype work and typesetting. , Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing and publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness. . Signs, other than electric, and adver- tising novelties. Slaughtering and meat packing Stereotyping and electrotyping , Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco manufactures All other industries* 737 53 163 24,680 188 114 54 7 1,125 36 353 138 572 172 362 348 14 3,194 1,354 243 277 108 143 1,571 859 712 966 582 37 360 37 46 735 150 305 167 133 2,207 2,181 26 1,295 804 403 245 20 103 165 47 229 660 5,761 628 ' 945 2,744 66 126 33 12 302 .30 76 170 36 18 12 41 167 110 57 217 48 1 15 14 1 25 20 15 337 337 318 245 45 27 20 48 794 880 6 2 3 29 9 181 180 1 158 100 33 25 14 145 19,483 154 74 41 3 1,055 29 300 131 372 112 3,068 1,128 182 220 83 663 635 675 487 33 272 26 34 190 112 295 57 71 94 1,615 17 735 436 299 183 12 70 129 2(to 620 4,394 My 19,934 Mh 342 De 12 Mh 3,284 Ja De Je Se Oc 1,231 212 257 124 107 Ja De J? De My Des (<) Au Oc Se Se Jy 838 700 758 548 37 • 330 27 34 236 131 Oc 74 De3 96 Mhs 69 Ja 89 Ap 1,519 My 8 18 De 1,452 De* 16 De De 462 315 Ap (<) Mh Ja F«3 Jy- Au 196 12 77 140 231 634 De 18, De» 266 Ja 8 Au 2,727 No 1,024 Je 161 De My a Ja 170 67 70 No 513 De 573 Ja 614 Ja Oc' Fe Se8 (*) Ja Ja Jas De 416 30 227 25 34 74 92 115 19,509 Ja8 45 Au3 428 Jy " 275 Jy Jy Oc De3 Mh Je 169 12 60 32 182 606 162 73 40 3 1,073 30 307 131 392 118 315 303 12 2,884 203 1,307 708 498 37 230 27 34 628 190 100 317 59 71 97 1,499 1,482 17 761 446 315 188 12 70 32 219 611 4,485 15,360 4,112 32 152 73 19 3 28 762 11 157 h2 103 315 303 li 2,882 •292 53 1,307 708 599 492 37 230 25 34 .190 92 I 29 41 80 978 13 667 426 241 19 149 10 788 141 454 165 12 56 32 219 305 3,685 30 17 517 513 4 75 19 14 5 1 '. $76,789,920 167,805 63,303 66,028 4,762 64,819 3,250,406 28,668 793,288 183,164 1,134,536 495,537 945,239 942,139 3,100 6,756,373 1,412,781 283,479 331,048 372,283 439,652 6,176,596 3,609,397 1,667,198 2,494,093 1,718,918 44,922 6,091,692 21,800 39,030 1,517,246 450,691 316,693 503,737 312,408 316,803 104,010 3,558,704 3,522,585 36,119 1,291,026 518,193 662,414 110,414 479,441 16,400 143,967 774,914 70,473 296,320 581,604 33,201,470 ' Owned power only. ^ Includes rented power, other than electric. *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 4 Artificial limbs 2 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobiles 2 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products .. 1 Brick and tile, terra-cjtta, and fire- clay products 1 Brooms 3 Brushes 2 Buttons 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials Cars and graieral shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cleansing and polishing preparations . Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding- Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Cordage and twinerf .< Corsets Cutlery and edge tools Dental goods 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 5 Electroplating 2 Engravmg and diesinking. 1 Engraving, wood 1 Envelopes ; 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 nil's and bann'=rs<>, 1 /J?. 'Or-iaJl\ c^aef. g-fitKill products 2 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 5 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore J Hair work J Hosiery and knit goods } Hardware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool ' Hats, wool-felt * Ink, printing , ,.-■ 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet -.-- 1 Leather goods,iioteIsewherespecifi«d. 1 Liquors, malt ; 3 Lithographing 1 Lookmg-glass and picture frames 2 MANUFACTURER-MINNESOTA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914^Continued. 755 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener-^ ated^ in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.* Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. •2,099,390 $3,260,315 $12,795,651 8547,021 $650,499 $1,437,144 $34,388,089 $1,430,964 $68,682,206 $32,863,153 38,886 23,441 434 15,011 5,941 1 16,806 2,480 2,000 6,730 4,397 3,758 106,366 56,612 22,149 1,796 38,640 657,195 15,595 165,271 73,259 294,498 97,149 198,599 190,581 8,018 2,154,949 448,225 73,817 143,875 58,963 44,728 933,783 437,915 495,868 447,043 355,330 23,461 176,260 18.390 28,847 364,355 172,657 58,150 29,991 46,262 37,062 90,035 1,072,461 1,056,867 15,594 512,390 309,026 203,364 6,330 662 318 1,778 10,032 4,290 372 4,330 31,372 1,360 6,660 960 20,586 19,455 6,780 5,120 1,660 1,505 408 108 26 248 16,922 199 5,130 1,833 8,787 2,610 6,202 6,185 16 110 10,325 1,422 2,947 3,471 15,244 39,566 22,626 17,041 19,318 11,015 217 117,354 255 219 11,957 2,439 1,529 5,099 3,310 3,444 312 32,549 32,348 201 13,627 10,181 2,907 539 12,386 127 350 2,218 236 2,260 81,948 997,792 88,883 27,309 69,347 4,647 25,363 2,016,089 39,394 271,118 115,092 908,155 2,993,711 356,968 352,833 4,125 1,367,896 1,707,207 341,735 273, 166 133,971 582,576 1,467,500 397,574 1,069,926 2,317,373 542,392 19,187 51,185 18,599 35,689 1,192,512 279,993 241,525 626,913 152,015 177,202 31,801 988,532 987,569 963 1,284,247 437,329 799,251 47,667 415,539 77,300 117,511 1,869,577 40,669 199,981 428,973 10,499,197 3,847 2,957 653 .248 -753 19,900 729 12,864 1,736 42,908 17,826 li;743 11,424 319 144,662 9,244 6,123 4,104 10,515 5,871 129,814 35,032 94,782 7,639 31,294 4,139 436,899 586 624 14,326 16,492 4,062 7,447 2,791 2,786 2,624 33,059 32,426 633 27,117 12,790 14,252 75 6,940 1,335 1,855 7,938 1,234 8,225 2,786 382,269 287,659 131,382 113,768 11,621 95,078 3,044,813 79,965 765,779 243,628 1,560,878 3,229,303 716,718 699,143 17,575 3,815,956 2,731,753 566,975 586,895 285,953 935,638 3,396,738 1,244,783 2,151,955 3,508,830 1,656,502 66,903 1,307,965 65,573 91,132 2,047,631 560,989 398,926 893,067 377,437 568,851 222,055 4,197,190 4,168,216 28,974 3,533,232 1,715,332 1,415,806 402,094 739,646 92,783 222,301 2,165,695 111,099 464,018 1,111,095 21,778,986 194,929 101,056 53,768 6,726 68,962 1,008,824 39,842 481,797 126,700 609,815 217,766 348,017 334,886 13,131 2,303,398 1,015,302 219, 117 309,625 141,467 347, 191 1,799,424 812,177 987,247 1,183,818 982,816 43,577 819,881 46,388 54,819 840,693 264,504 153,339 258,707 222,631 388,863 187,630 3,175,599 3,148,221 27,378 1 2,221,868 1,265,213 602,303 354,352 317,167 14,148 102,935 288,180 69,196 255,812 679,336 10,897,520 78 61 13 3 20 673 15 376 405 503 516 733 717 16 4,176 321 118 119 675 133 5,219 3,5G3 1,656 306 1,651 240 3,021 10 7 2,042 797 108 112 163 227 31 1,250 1,246 4 997 605 392 26 52 61 13 3 20 458 15 376 60 103 261 171 155 16 840 133 53 37 675 83 2,561 1,530 1,031 306 276 65 86 10 7 302 683 108 12 62 102 31 1,165 1,161 4 981 589 392 133 io' 248 ■3,063" 86 50 80 3' 736 h' 680 '"'ioo' 2' 2 2 3 4 s 6,056 38,729 910 29,560 4,290 24,973 30,010 20,982 20,982 1,710 73,896 - 900 34,518 6 215 7 8 <» 345 400 255 562 562 10 57,147 41,821 19,288 19,288 11 250 1? n 14 IS 69,302 42,879 16,527 16,688 14,170 25,120 128,429 71,353 57,076 97,650 82,709 78,211 144,109 51,632 ' 14,46!' 25,087 68,791 174,341 122.092 5:|249 193,610 52,076 676 58,503- 4,000 600 60,535 20,783 25,599 859 27,916 35,475 11,507 442,203 441,267 936 465,122 305,101 120,248 39,773 37,060 200 9,918 32,424 6,282 16,255 53,991 903,918 3,216 188 65 80 120 16,763 28,340 9,314 4,980* 5,305 1,260 10,337 9,437 900 65,740 11,358 8,250 17 18 2 50 2,645 2,020 625 ■"I 12,627 12,627 ir 22 23 0^ 500 13,899 ?"> 1,375 175 2,750 / ?fi 27 32,725 3,380 2 856 62,800 25,672 19,328 9,800 15,460 18,497 30,015 235,028 231,648 3,380 133,537 69,832 41,538 32,167 23,986 185 28 29 1,000 2,530 3,305 2,688 6,328 1,357 6,763 2,340 9,618 6,780 61,455 60,305 1,150 40,479 19,491 13,452 7,536 13,310 660 5,113 3,180 4,200 600 15,996 210,938 in 1,740 95 31 614 19 32 100 100 125 11 35 16 621 17 344,558 344,558 85 85 IS 39 10 121,251 12,820 8,705 99,726 16 16 41 42 n 11 12V398 9,536 45,781 87,409 32,478 140,944 269,354 3,070,588 162 42 42 793 94 226 15 12,393 50 112 42 42 498 92 151 15 3,898 ""sbi 45 46 47 22,750 19,200 9,005 18,560 26,700 719,821 295 75' 289 8,024 165 19,150 2 49- 51 8,455 40 52 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Lubricating greases 1 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber and grass 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 5 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 3 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified ,- 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Oil, linseed 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Faints 3 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . 2 Paving materials 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 3 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 3 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Prmting materials 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 2 Sand and em^^uoe^jen^lolh K i/ 1 < Same number reported throughout the year. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 2 Show cases i Soap 2 Soda-water apparatus 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Steam fittings and steam and'hot"' water heating apparatus 2 Steam packing 3 Surgical appliances 2 ■ Suspenders, garters, -and elastic wo- ven goods 2 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 . Toys and games 1 Trunks and valises 5 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Varnishes 3 Window shades and fixtures'!! "!. 2 Wirework 3 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speoiiled 2 ; 756 MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS— NUMBER DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTA- TIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum montli. Minimum month. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS 2— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 27 64 77 34 91 110 1,012 1,626 789 2,554 36 63 98 30 . 69 1 55 39 33 128 5 88 45 92 209 3 51 15 13 78 65 755 1,429 621 2,070 Ja« My Au 71 846 1,513 781 2,175 Se Ja Ja Oo No 61 631 1,320 417 1,962 62 764 1,482 757 2,131 53 645 1,369 588 1,687 9 119 112 155 435 1101,479 2,777,118 1,928,351 2,569,043 12,013,466 9 Mankato ^ 1 11 4 "■3 5 4 Stillwater s 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MINNESOTA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 757 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. ^ Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gtnes.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS'— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Jl,200 SS,540 98,399 117,753 66,775 56,259 46.786 62.502 310,083 277,128 1,53,822 434, 110 864,482 294,800 1,152,241 $74fi 4,542 8,742 5,723 $7,220 14,758 9,604 0,049 20,387 $3,016 28 404 30,952 27,306 142,411 $109,095 3,121,257 1,215,396 1,173,4.')7 9,811,448 $3,322 95.534 72,619 32,805 226,609 $2.54,400 4,344,114 2,695,492 1,876,877 14,304,780 $141,983 1,127,323 1,407,477 670,615 4,266,723 28 2,618 28 497 1 110 2,094 27 3,724 1,143 111 640 1,830 85 1,012 . 568 64 24 356 201 6,438 4,144 65 2.229 1,124 ' Excludes Virginia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Same number reported for one or more otiier months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^l Digitized by Microsoft® MISSISSIPPI. By John L. Kuhn. GENEEAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^Mississippi was admitted to the Union as a state in 1817. With a gross area of 46,865 square miles, of which 46,362 represent land surface, it ranks thirty-first in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,551,270, and in 1910, 1,797,114; and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,902,000. In total popula- tion Mississippi ranked twenty-first in 1910; and in density of population it ranked twenty-sixth, with 38.8 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding number in 1900 being 33.5. The urban popidation in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhab- itants or more — ^was 207,311, or 11.5 per cent of the total, as against 7.7 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 eight cities, each having a popula- tion estimated at more than 10,000 — Columbus, Green- viQe, Hattiesburg, Jackson, Laurel, Meridian, Nat- chez, and Vicksburg. These cities, whose aggregate popidation in that year formed 6.8 per cent of the estimated population of Mississippi, reported 23.4 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The steam-raUway mileage in 1914 was 4,441, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 109. The Mississippi River, which forms the western boundaty, and a number of ports on the Gulf of Mexico together constitute a factor of great importance in the trans- portation system of the state. Mississippi is preeminently an agricultural state. The total value of aU farm crops grown in 1909 was $147,315,621, the leading ones being cotton (including cotton seed), 196,353,433, and com, $26,030,376. The state's production of cotton from the crop of 1914 was 1,245,535 equivalent 500-pound bales, or 7.7 per cent of the total yield in the United States. Importance and growth of manufactures.^ — In 1914, measured by the value of products of its manufactur- ing industries — $79,550,095 — ^Mississippi ranked thirty- ninth among the states and, with an average of 46,702 wage earners engaged in such industries, the state ranked thirty-first in this respect. In 1909 the state ranked thirty-fourth in value of products and thirty- first in average number of wage earners. Table 1 summarizes the raore important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Froprietois and firm members . . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital.. Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. 1914 2,209 52,277 2,386 3,189 46,702 186,434 $81,005,484 23,007,760 3,831,133 19, 176, 627 2,075,852 1,320,197 41,340,122 79,550,095 38,209,973 1909 *72, 22, 3. 18; 2, 36, 80, 43, 2,598 56,761 2,974 3,403 50,384 206,222 393,485 421,367 653,644 767,723 591,240 804,930 925,582 555,410 1904 1,520 42,966 1,588 2,688 38,690 110,338 850,256,309 17,417,380 2,598,346 14,819,034 1,150,796 3454,506 25,800,885 57,451,445 31,650,560 1899 1,294 1,260 26,799 65,738 $22,712,186 9,002,544 1,092,937 7,909,607 h 16,543,029 33,718,517 17,176,488 PER CENT OF mCBEASSj 1909- 1914 -15.C -7.S -19.S -6.3 -7.3 -9.« 11.9 2. 4. 2. -19. 64. 12. -1. -12. 1904- 1909 ' 70.9 32.1 87.3 26.6 30.2 86.9 44.0 28.7 40.6 26.6 125.2 43.1 40.2 37.8 1899- 19M 17.5 113.3 44.4 67.8 12L3 93.5 137.7 87.4 S6.0 70.4 81.3 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. 8 Exclusive of internal revenue. Each of the items in this table shows an increase from 1899 to 1904, 1904 to 1909, and from 1904 to 1914. The percentages of decrease shown from 1909 to 1914 ia the several items do not in every case re- flect a proportionate decrease in the manufacturing activities of the state. In number of establishments the decrease is 15 per cent, which is due primarily to the fact that at the census of 1909 a large number of reports were secured from small lumber mills. Mills Digitized by engaged exclusively in custom sawing for consump- tion in the immediate neighborhood should not be included in the census, but it is not always possible to conduct the enumeration in regard to these estab- lishments on imiform lines at different censuses. This condition, together Nwith the fact that new labor- saving machinery has been installed, as indicated by the increase in capital, accounts for the decrease in the number of employees. Microsoft® (759) 760 MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Separate statistics are presented for 21 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $125,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceeding $35,- 000,000, 1 with products between $15,000,000 and $20,000,000, 9 between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 10 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. In addition to the industries presented separately^ in the table, there were four others in the state which reported products m 1914 in excess of some of those shown in the table. These industries, which are included xmder the head of "all other industries" to avoid disclosing the operations of individual es- tabhshments, are as follows: Cars, steam-railroad not including operations of railroad companies; cloth- ing, men's; hosiery and knit goods; and paper and wood pulp. Table Z CENSUS OF 1914. PEK CENT or INCEEASE." Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Aver- age number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1900- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909, 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 2,209 1,296 67 15 11 11 61 18 4 219 80 58 S3 43 38 23 17 8 6 18 13 10 111 46,702 100.0 $79,550,095 100.0 838,209,973 100.0 -7.3 30.2 44.4 43.2 64.3 72.9 29.0 15.1 16.5 -1.2 -9.9 10.2 13.9 -10.1 -3.1 35.4 100.8 12.6 -3.1 89.9 20.8 - 4.7 -35.8 40.2 70.4 -12.4 37.8 84.3 29,640 2,336 3,278 1,989 379 3,275 1,052 241 663 308 476 306 423 661 210 48 113 19 82 58 24 1,231 63.5 6.0 7.0 4.3 0.8 7.0 2.3 0.5 1.4 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 P) 0.2 0.1 (0 2.6 38,537,743 17,599,651 3,682,100 2,789,007 2,059,786 1,997,139 1,654,772 1,478,528 1,266,730 1,066,364 1,045,940 919,007 699,444 512,777 479,436 410,332 291,959 201,376 190,945 149,404 146,914 2,370,741 48.4 22.1 4.6 3.6 2.6 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.0 23,681,893 3,162,023 2,189,199 977,007 454,801 1,416,960 777,677 417,611 953,031 600,247 719,037 404,681 437,042 325,234 255,947 66,0.54 181,314 35,692 100,490 72,880 48, 770 1,032,577 62.0 8.3 5.7 2.5 1.2 3.7 2.0 1.1 2.4' 1.3 1.9 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 2.7 -11.2 -6.7 27.4 -24.8 -15.6 27.3 24.2 -8.4 -9.9 61.2 39.6 7.4 -27.4 48.9 0.2 -3.1 22.4 29.0 -2.3 11.9 63.6 26.8 12.0 25.9 96.4 -37.7 -45.3 57.0 88.4 116.8 67.2 119.5 33.5' 66.0 -17.2 -16.7 20.8 -7.9 -38.5 25.9 146.8 -37.0 -5.6 52.6 10.0 11.6 -29.1 49.2 50.9 16.6 30.2 228.9 -42.9 -33.3 94.7 Cars and general shop constraction and repaurs by steam-railroad com- pn.nip. Census estimate of population for 1914. In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that some of the cities — Columbus, Greenville, and Laurel — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914 were included with those for the outside districts at prior censuses. The table shows, however, that for 1914 the cities, which represented 6.8 per cent of the estimated popu- lation of the state, reported 23.4 per cent of the total value of products and 17^4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the eight cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of Vf^lfMi ), andWo^i by value of products, in 1914, 1909, ana Laurel . . 1,0. 7,0. Natchez . 18,7 Vicksburg 7.2: 1 Includes the group "corporations." This table shows for all industries combined, an increase during the decade, in the number of estab- lishments throughout the state under each form of ownership. A decrease, however, is shown for the 1914 figures when compared with those for 1909, there being 389 fewer estabHshments at the later 2 Includes the group "individuals." census. The decrease in number of establishments; does not reflect the decrease in manufacturing activi- ties, for while the decrease in estabHshments amounted! to 15 per cent, for value of products it amounted only to 1,2 per cent; and corporations, showing a decrease-, of 62 establishments, for value of products show ani Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. 767 increase of more than four million dollars. Although of the three classes of ownership, corporations show the smallest proportion of estabHshments, in value of products and average number of wage earners they largely predominate. In 1914, although only 22.3 per cent of the total number of estabHshments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 79.2 per cent of the total value of products and 74.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding pro- portions were only shghtly less. With the exception of bread and other bakery prod- ucts, in each of the seven industries for which separate statistics are given, the value of products and also the average number of wage earners for corporate owner- ship is greater than for the other two groups combined. For each of the cities, in respect to value of products, this condition also prevails. In Laurel this is very pronounced, the value of products for corporations being 96.8 per cent of the total. Size of establisliinents. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 14. Table 14 VALUE OP PRODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTAB- USHMENTS. AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909. 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,209 2,598 1,.520 46,702 50,384 38,690 $79,550,095 $80,555,410 $57,451,445 $38,209,973 $43,629,828 $31,650,560 1,083 617 320 189 1,156 785 467 190 466 519 383 152 2,600 5,156 8,779 30,167 3,260 6,838 12,679 27,607 1,045 4,351 11,458 21,836 2,321,838 6,294,551 13,739,910 57,193,790 2,573,206 8,089,215 19,633,830 50,259,159 1,172,486 5,551,093 16,350,3.54 34,377,512 1,655,479 4,069,108 7,815,467 24,669,919 1,918,351 6,717,616 12,336,122 23,657,739 871,560 »i nnn tn S20 000 3,872,381 10,256,820 $100,000 and over * 16,649,799 PEE CENT DI3TEIBUTI0N. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 49.0 27.9 14.5 8.6 44.5 30.2 18.0 7.3 30.7 34.1 25.2 10.0 6.6 11.0 18.8 64.6 6.5 13.6 25.2 54.8 2.7 11.2 29.6 56.4 2.9 7.9 17.3 71.9 3.2 10.0 24.4 62.4 2.0 9.7 28.5 59.8 4.3 10.6 20.5 64.6 4.4 13.1 28.3 54.2 2.S ^linootoSM 000 12.2 J20,000to»100,00O tl00,000 and over 1 32.4 52.6 > Includes the group For 1914, 189 estabHshments, or 8.6 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 190, or 7.3 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 152, or 10 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these estabHshments reported an average of 30,167 wage earners, or 64.6 per cent of the total for the state, 71.9 per cent of the total value of products, and 64.6 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the smaU estab- Hshments — those having products of less than $5,000 in value — ^representing 49 per cent of the total number '$1,000,000 and over." of estabHshments, reported only 2.9 per cent of the total value of products. For the estabHshments hav- ing products valued at $100,000 and over, the propor- tion of the total shows an increase in value of products at each successive census, from 59.8 per cent in 1904 to 62.4 per cent in 1909 and 71.9 per cent in 1914. Table 15 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for four of the more important industries, a classification of estab- Hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to tJiat presented in Table 14 for all industries combined. Table 15 INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Cotton goods Less than $100,000. $100,000 to $1,000,000 Lumber and timber products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake... Less than $100,000 » $100,000 to $1,000,000 Turpentine and rosin Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 1,296 719 326 166 85 67 1909 13 11 805 455 299 87 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 175 1,814 29,640 2,060 3,276 6,231 19,073 2,336 75 2,261 3,275 1909 2,645 1127 2,518 33,397 2,610 4,644 8,460 17,683 2,503 316 2,188 2,573 1,6! 1,111 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 9L2 100.0 7.0 11.1 17.6 64.3 100.0 3.2 96.8 100.0 U6. 51.6 100.0 4.8 95.2 100.0 7.8 13.9 25.3 62.9 100.0 12.6 87.4 100.0 34. 43.2 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $2,789,007 210,591 2,678,416 38,637,743 1,437,869 3,281,682 7,250,250 26,567,942 17,599,651 331,922 17,267,729 1,997,139 23,521 737,707 1909 $3,102,398 1 158,036 2,044,362 42,792,844 1,698,245 4,766,790 12,495,579 23,832,230 15,965,643 1,504,538 14,461,005 1,474,629 ^2, 164 508, 168 Per cent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 7.6 93.4 100.0 3.7 8.5 18.8 68.9 100.0 1.9 98.1 100.0 1.2 15.9 46.0 36.9 100.0 5.1 100.0 4.0 11.1 29.2 56.7 100.0 9.4 90.6 100.0 2.9 25.2 37.4 34.5 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $977,007 78,391 898,616 23,681,893 1,066,797 2,268,295 4,470,090 15,876,711 3,162,023 65,375 3,096,648 1,416,960 14,138 217,120 672, 776 512,926 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 $1,060,248 165,954 994,294 28,686,246 1,319,164 3,614,496 8,679,012 14,973,574 3,796,872 319, 425 3,477,447 1,125,520 24, 135 284, 160 461,729 355,506 1914 1909 100.0 8.0 92.0 100.0 4.5 18.9 67.0 100.0 2.1 97.9 100.0 1.0 15.3 47.6 36.2 100.0 6.2 93.8 100. 4.6 12.6 30.4 52.4 100.0 8.4 91.6 lOO.O 2.1 25.2 41.0 31.6 768 MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. As in the totals for all industries combined, tiiis table shows for 1914, as compared with 1909, that for each of the four industries, except cotton goods, there was an increase in the average number of wage earners and value of products for the estabhstiments having products valued at $100,000 and over, and for lumber and timber products and turpentine and rosin there was also an increase in value added by manufacture. Table 16 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the eight cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 14 for the state as a whole. Table 16 1 !■§ f 'A ■WAGE EABNEBS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTS. la •sS |a WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTURE. PRODUCTS. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. I Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Columbus 27 521 100.0 $1,248,543 1 100.0 $601,848 100.0 Laurel 26 2,129 8 83 99 1,939 1,974 100.0 3,372,292 100.0 1,659,160 100.0 Less than $5,000 7 12 3 5 25 15 57 65 384 671 2.9 10.9 12.5 73.7 100.0 21,200 105, 258 130,200 991,885 1,935,153 1.7 8.4 10.4 79.4 100. 13,993 61,447 67,373 359,035 757,757 2.8 12.2 13.4 71.5 100.0 5 11 5 6 51 0.4 3.9 4.6 91.1 100.0 16,164 119,343 221,928 3,014,867 4,738,703 0.6 3.6 6.6 89.4 100.0 10,340 66,871 166,109 1,416,840 2,019,034 0.6 4.0 10.0 85.3 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Less than $5,000 Less than $20,000 1 12 \ 35 59 104 508 587 8.8 15.5 75.7 100.0 96,025 339,457 1,499,671 1,133,927 5.0 17.5 77.5 100.0 66,770 . 183,798 507,189 467,610 8.8 24.3 66.9 100.0 3 18 20 10 24 3 136 409 1,366 297 0.2 6.9 23.8 69.2 100.0 8, 300 n "> 4,485 122,474 486,776 1,405,299 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 HATnESBUKG $6,000 to $20,000 214,049 924,880 3,591,534 4.5 19.5 75.8 6 1 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 24.1 69.6 Less than $5,000 13 8 14 49 22 64 501 943 3.7 10.9 85.3 100.0 36,866 100, 374 1 990,687 3,625,068 3.2 9.4 87.4 100.0 22,928 56,644 388,038 1,111,068 4.9 12.1 83.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 5 1? 37 12 -52 233 1^009 4.0 17.5 78.5 100.0 9,573 102, 679 783,661 1,672,907 1.1 11.5 87.5 100.0 $20,000 and over 2 $5,000 to $20,000 54 988 IS 9 228,694 78.8 840,680 100.0 Jackson 9 17 16 7 7 138 333 465 0.7 14.6 35.3 49.3 14, 189 234, 666 736,835 2,639,378 0.4 6.5 20.3 72.8 12,387 138,640 399, 021 660,420 1.1 12.5 35.0 50.4 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 12 10 15 41 05 903 4.1 6.4 89.5 29,211 120,162 1,523,534 1.7 7.2 91.1 20,976 76,696 743,008 2.5 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $5,000 to $20,000 9.1 $20,000 and over 2. . 88 4 1 Includes the group "less than $5,000," In Columbus, Greenville, Jackson, Laiirel, and Meridian the same general condition is found as prevails for all industries combined in the state, namely, a preponderance as to value of products for establishments in the group of $100,000 and over. Each of the cities shows a considerable pro- portion of the total number of establishments as having products valued at less than $20,000, but ^Includes the group " $100,000 to $1,000,000." their combined value of products was relatively small. Table 17 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage -earners em- ployed. The figures given are for a}l industries com- bined, for eight of the more important industries, and for each of the eight cities, having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 17 establishments employing— INDUSTRY AND CITY. TOTAL. No wage earners. 1 to 5 wage earners. . 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earn- ers (average number). Estab- lish- ments. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wags earners. AUindustries 2,209 46,702 82 1,234 3,082 626 5,769 195 6,312 Bread and other bakery products 83 18 16 11 68 1,296 67 61 600 274 306 1,032 3,278 1,989 476 29,640 2,336 3,276 4,350 8,131 15 60 1 126 6 18 5 4 180 70 32 flftTining anrl prAsfirvinji; , , , 5 3 1 6 92 40 16 32 37 142 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies... 98 Cotton goods 49 Ice, manufactured 5' 2 60 13 34 732 2 21 394 104 113 1,873 10 59 896 296 18 357 15 9 100 91 214 3,816 223 138 1,096' 1,062 149 2,892 1,409 647 926 Total for cities 1,149 Columbus 27 25 35 49 26 61 24 37 621 671 587 943 2,129 1,974 297 1,009 1 1 1 6 i' 15 9 17 14 11 14 11 13 45 27 42 39 27 39 36 41 5 8 11 16 7 20 10 U 63 82 122 198 61 248 120 168 3 6 3 8 3 9 2 4 100 Greenville 191 Hattiesburg 101 Jackson 231 Laurel 103 Meridlin Natchez 67 Vicksbdrg I~^i^ii'i~7/^/^ ht\ LJlylLIZ.cU Uy ' iVllL> lUoUH \CJ MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI . 769 Table 17— Continued. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITT. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to r,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. / Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. AUindustries 81 6,661 68 9,776 21 7,716 11 6,835 1 1,551 Bread and other balcery products Canning and preserving 3 1 2 232 95 127 4 3 6 603 508 1,021 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 4 2,545 Cotton goods 2 792 Ice, manufactured 49 10 7 9 14 3,456 694 454 603 1,000 37 ■ 6,327 17 6,174 6 3,561 1 1,551. Oil, cottonseed, and cake 3 5 8 488 829 1,245 2 750 1 739 All other industries Total for cities 3 998 4 2,381 COLTJMBUS 1 1 2 4 1 3 1 1 55 62 149 300 65 208 74 87 2 258 Greenville 1 309 HattiesbuSg 1 1 173 175 Jackson Laubel 2 689 2 1 1,185 591 MiKPniTAW 4 639 VlCKSBUEQ ' 605 Table 18 presents, for 1914, percentages based on tbe figures in Table 17, and for 1909, similar per- centages for all industries combined and for individ- ual industries in the state as a whole. Table 18 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6.6 7.1 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 20.9 16.8 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 12.4 17.6 13.6 18.1 12.1 11.3 16.6 16.0 14.6 10.9 3.3 2.2 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 41.2 49.1 0.6 0.5 58.8 50.9 6.7 2.4 1.0 0.3 Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Cottongoods 13.5 6.7 3.0 1.1 2.5 31.3 8.8 9.8 16.9 60.3 64.2 19.8 23.0 21.3 22.5 14.1 22.0 ;28.2 2.9 6.8 6.4 8.2 67.3 28.7 15.5 16.4 51.3 46.4 33.5 'ss.'e 39.8 45.0 77.6 42.8 :;;:: 23.7 34.0 6.3 7.0 0.4 1.0 1.8 0.5 20.6 18.5 3.6 0.3 45.0 57.2 12.9 18.2 9.5 16.5 4.2 14.6 26.2 31.0 13.1 Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products. . . Oil, cottonseed, and cake 11.7 11.4 29.7 18.3 13.9 6.4 13.9 12.3 12.3 21.3 16.6 20.8 15.4 12.0 11.1 5.2 3.3 Turpentine and rosin 14.9 20.3 19.0 10.0 16.3 22.9 9.5 22.6 .25.5 All other Industries Total for cities 5.7 12.3 29.3 COLTTMBUS 8.6 4.0 7.2 4.1 1.3 2.0 12.1 4.1 12.1 12.2 20.8 21.0 2.9 12.6 40.4 16.6 19.2 28.5 17.2 24.5 4.8 12.6 22.6 10.7 10.6 9.2 25.4 31.8 3.0 10.5 24.9 8.6 49.6 '29.5 18.6 Gbeenville 46.1 Jackson 32.4 56.6 29.9 Mekidlan ...: Natchez VlCKSBUIM} 60.0 There were 82 establishments for which no wage earners are shown. In these establishments all the work is done by the proprietors or T^t^itEQCft^^ families, firm members, or persons classed as salaried Q91 m o T Q_ employees. For some of them the number of wage earners employed was so small and the term of employ- ment so short that in computing the average, as de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms," the number was less than one person and the establishment was classed as one having no wage earners. The smaU estabMshments — those emplo3iing from 1 to 20 wage earners — formed 79. 7 per cent of the total for the state, but gave employment to only 19 per cent of the total wage earners reported. The groups of estab- lishments having more than 100 wage earners, although representing only 4.1 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, gave employment to 55.4 per cent of the total wage earners. Among the cities, the highest percentage of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 500 wage earners each is shown for Vicksburg, 60. Engines and power. — Table 19 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gener- ating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. The slight. decrease in primary power amounting to 9.6 per cent from 1909 to 1914, shown in the following table, is due to the decrease in steam power. The use of rented electric power has steadily increased since 1904, when 508 horsepower of this character, repre- senting five-tenths of 1 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount of such power had increased to 2,496 horsepower, or 1.2 per cent of the total, and in 1914 to 6, 779, or 3.7 per cent. The increase in the use of electric motors run by cur- TOTfQSOra^BH within the same establishments has almost kept pace with that in rented power. 770 MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. Table 19 NUMBER OP ENGINES OK MOTOK3. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,249 3,251 1,534 186,434 206,222 110,338 100.0 100.0 100.0 OwBed 2,527 2,273 237 17 722 722 2,924 2,747 166 11 327 327 1,534 1,475 53 6 179,625 177,287 1,695 643 6,809 5,779 30 203,661 202,346 1,077 238 2,561 2,496 65 109,805 109,508 220 77 533 508 25 96.3 95.1 0.9 0.3 3.7 3.6 (') 98.8 98.1 0.5 0.1 1.2 1.2 99.5 99.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 Electric. m (>) Electric 1,016 722 294 517 327 190 so 50 17,351 6,779 10,572 7,627 2,496 5,131 1,367 508 859 100.0 39.1 60.9 100.0 32.7 67.3 100 62.8 ■ Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904tlie amount reported under the head of "Other" owned power. ! Not reported. 3 1/ess than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the man- ufacturing processes. Table 20 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for aU indus- tries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 20 INDUSTET AND CITY. All industries. Bread and other bakery products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials, — Cars and general shop construction and lepairs by steam-railroad companies . . Ootum goods Flonr-imll and gristmill products Gas, illuminating and heating Ibe^ manufactured liimiber and timber products Marble and stone worlc Oil, cottonseed, and cake Turpentine and rosin AH other industries Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 1,853 10 322 1,177 344 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 476, 108 545 6,568 816 34,951 28,680 200 16,218 63,059 57,513 23 163,184 104, 351 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 6,242 284 2 140 1,000 'i'476' Oil, includ- ing gasoline (bar- rels). 2,215 86 366 7,222 177 685 38 43 1,160 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 3,536 194 416 DTDTJSTRY AND CITY. Total lor cities. Columbus Greenville... Hattiesburg.. Jackson Laurel Meridian... Natchez ViCKSBUEG . Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 1,045 4 '260' 464 2 315 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 141,145 I 19, 166 4,934 21, 493 6,109 63,251 7,073 19,123 2,729 52 99 200 207 290 681 53 1,147 Oil, includ- ing gasoline (bar- rels), 4,661 15 27 4 17 30 109 250 4,209 (1,000 cubic feet). 2,787 91 1,607 248 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quan- tities and cost of materials, the quantities and value of products, and other information for which no pro- vision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important industries in Mis- sissippi are here presented, and also statistics for power laundries. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — ^Mississippi ranked fourth among the states in cottonseed products manufactured. While there has been an increase from census to census in the total value of products, there has been an actual decrease in the quantity of seed handled, the amount in 1914 being less than in 1909 and in 1904. This condition is due to the ravages of the boU weevil, ■which not only reduced the yield of cotton per acre but tended to reduce the acreage as well. The follow- ing table gives the quantity of cotton seed crushed and the quantities of the several crude products ob- tained for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 21 material and PRODUCT. Cotton seed, crushed tons (2,000 lbs.) . . Crude products manufactured: Oil. gallons. . Meal and cake tons (2,000 lbs.) . . Hulls tons (2,000 lbs.).. Linters pounds. . 1914 506,190 21,312,278 232,126 138,669 35,652,381 1909 559,357 24,386,289 244,738 181,797 24,237,536 1904 656,396 22,975,991 228,122 198,464 17,418,633 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the crushing season of 1913-14, that is, to the handling of seed from the crop of 1913. They cover the operations of aU establishments which crushed cotton seed during the season, regardless of the extent to which they were engaged in other branches of industry. Furthermore, the crude products reported represent the total pro- duction derived from crushing cotton seed, whether sold as such or used as intermediate products in further processes of manufacture, such as the refining of oil and the mixing of fertilizer and feed. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. 771 The total quantity of cotton seed crushed increased from 394,678 tons in 1899 to 559,357 tons in 1909, and then decreased to 506,190 tons in 1914. Of the 69 mUls reported in 1914 as crushing cotton seed, 2 crushed less than 1,000 tons each during the census year; 6 crushed 1,000 but less than 2,000 tons; 22 crushed 2,000 but less than 5,000 tons; 23 crushed 5,000 but less than 10,000 tons; 13 crushed 10,000 but less than 20,000 tons; and 3 crushed 20,000 tons and over. The quantities of the various products obtained in 1914 per ton of seed, as received at the mUl, were as follows: Crude oil, 42.1 gallons; cake and meal, 917 pounds; hulls, 548 povmds; and linters, 70 pounds. The ratios which the several products bore to the total weight of the seed when received at the mill were: Crude oil, 15.8 per cent; cake and meal, 45.9 per cent; hulls, 27.4 per cent; and linters, 3.5 per cent. Cotton goods. — In the following table statistics are presented pertaining to materials used, products, and machinery for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 22 1UTEBIAL3. Total cost Cotton, domestic: Pounds Cost Starch, cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost Fuel and rent of power and heat, cost. . All other materials, cost PEODUCTS. Total value Drills: Square yards Value Unbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and muslins :i Square yards Value Other woven goods: Square ysUds Value Yams, for sale: Pounds Value Cotton waste, for sale: Pounds Value All other products, value MACHINEBY. Spindles (producing, not including doubling and twisting spindles), nmn- ber Looms, niunber 1914 $1,812,000 13,897,361 $1,545,598 13,385 34,652 78,261 140,104 $2,789,007 6,676,949 $448,493 16,137,838 $771,676 20,086,423 $1,219,702 1,333,799 $288,050 1,237,201 $30,181 $30,905 120,186 3,537 1909 $2,042,150 16,371,192 $1,797,222 12,769 31,042 101,557 99,560 $3,102,398 7,705,349 $437,721 26,146,744 $1,407,366 11,744,171 $933,126 1,119,504 $220,920 1,018,718 $28,556 $74,709 153,804 4,733 1904. $1,648,842 13,007,625 $1,404,662 12, 72 39,363 93,388 99,157 $2,462,808 8,883,605 $472,705 28,041,120 1,401,411 $273,667 868,038 $37,581 $1,678,855 125,352 3,472 ' The figures for these fabrics represent the combined quantities and values of those designated at prior censuses as " plain cloths lor prmting and converting " and " brown or bleached sheetings and shirtings." ' Value included in "all other products." The principal material used is domestic cotton, of which 13,897,361 poimds were consumed in 1914, at a cost of $1,545,598. The products were valued at $2,789,007, of which 87.5 per cent represented woven goods. Yams constituted 10.3 per cent of the total value of products. The decline in this industry in 1914 as compared with 1909 was due largely to the ravages of the boll weevil. Fertilizers. — ^The following table gives the statistics pertaining to products for 1914, 19090lM[/^S@C/ bV Table 23 1914 1909 1904 $2,059,786 $2,125,029 $1,082,387 Fertilizers: 1 129,469 $1,861,845 1133,101 $1,726,256 60,372 Value $933,877 Complete and ammoniated fertilizers- 65,766 $1,349,190 63,703 $512,655 $197,941 72,193 $1,167,632 60,908 $557,624 $399,773 50,153 Value $811,394 Superphosphates, concentrated phos- phates, and all others- Tons 10,219 Value $122,483 $148,510 1 In addition, there was produced in cottonseed-oil mills and other industries 29,794 tons of fertilizers, valued at $521,174, in 1914, and 33,971 tons, valued at $616,052, in 1909. Including fertilizers made by establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of cottonseed products and in other industries, the total production was 159,263 tons, valued at $2,383,019, in 1914, and 167,072 tons, valued at $2,341,308, in 1909, showing a sUght decrease in quantity with a slight increase in value. Turpentine and rosin. — The fluctuation in this indus- try is brought out in the following table, which gives the quantities and values of the different products for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 24 1914 1909 1904 Total value . . $1,997,139 $1,474,629 $2,365,720 Spirits of turpentine: 2,385,054 $905,747 275,205 $1,081,040 $10,352 1,588,786 $732,334 192,508 $739,799 $2,496 3, 160, 371 Value $1,473,630 362,835 $892,028 $162 Rosin: Barrels (280 pounds) Value. - All other products, value. . . . The working unit in turpentine operations is called a -crop, which consists of 10,500 boxes or cups. In 1914 there were 1,138 crops produced in the state, of which 279 were from virgin trees, 402 from the second year, 344 from the third year, and 113 from older trees. Of the total number of crops worked, 1,121 were gath- ered through the cup system, comprising 275 crops from virgin trees, 398 from second year, 337 from third year, and 111 from older trees. Printing and publishing. — ^Table 25 shows the pub- lications in Mississippi, by number and aggregate cir- culation per issue, classified according to period of issue, for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 25 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total. Daily. Sunday.. Weekly Monthly AU other classes. . Microsoft® NUMBER OP PUBUCATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 218 17 7 '7 169 13 219 18 7 5 182 5 2 14 4 4 176 6 3 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 267,319 45,792 32,571 16,236 161,865 18,255 2,600 1909 315,731 1904 222,028 47,492 36,322 6,000 221,492 4,425 22,250 12,800 4,060 167,903 7,725 7,300 > Includes one triweekly. 772 MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. Of the 17 daily newspapers in 1914, 12 were even- ing editions, with a circulation of 29,938. For the ten-year period there was a gain of 11 in number of publications and of 45,291, or 20.4 per cent, in circulation. The daily and Sunday publications show greater increases in circulation than any of the other classes. The returns of daily newspapers for 1914 show a net decrease of one from the number reported for 1909. The circulation of a few, reporting also in 1909, was returned at a lower figure than at the previous census, due, perhaps, to the fact that the inquiry at the census of 1914 was for the average circulation per issue during the month of December, while for the previous census it was the average for the year. The circulation of the weeklies decreased considerably. This was due in part to a similar condition — the re- turn for 1914 was for December and not the average for the entire year. Also, some of the weeklies of 1909 were issued in 1914 at less frequent periods, thus taking them out of the class and lowering both num- ber and circulation; one of these had a large circula- tion in 1909. Another weekly, also of large circula- tion, was not published in 1914. Mississippi is one of the seven states in which the entire number of pubhcations were printed in the English language. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not in- cluded in the general tables nor in the totals for all man- ufacturing industries. Table 26, however, summarizes these statistics for Mississippi for 1914 and 1909. Table 36 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEE LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 27 688 32 49 607 680 $347, 909 267, 848 53,270 214, 578 75 12,435 122,244 540, 209 1909 30 603 32 42 629 821 8332,302 201,908 38, 925 162, 983 8,485 80, 973 440,579 Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 14.7 -17.2 4.7 32.7 36.9 31.7 46.6 51.0 22.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted when base is less than 100. In 1914 Mississippi ranked forty-first among the states both in number of establishments and in amount received for work done and thirty-ninth in number of persons engaged in the industry. Although there was a loss in the number of estabhshments and a decrease in horsepower, the table shows increases in all other items given. The increases in amount received for work done and in average number of wage earners amounted to 22.6 per cent and 14.7 per cent, respectively. Establishments owned by individuals reported 48.4 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 37.4 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 14.2 per cent. Table 27 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number reported in any month of the same year. Table 27 January... February.. March April May June July August September October... November. December. WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 580 576 582 598 600 625 655 657 648 598 597 562 1909 495 498 507 530 642 649 561 654 648 524 521 513 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 88.3 87.7. 88.6 91.0 91.3 96.1 99.7 100.0 98.6 91.0 90.9 85.5 1909 88.2 88.8 90.4 94.5 96.6 97.9 100. 98.8 97.7 93.4 92.9 91.4 Table 28 gives statistics as to kinds and amoimts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909. Table 28 POWER. NUMBER qj ENGINES OK MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. 1914 1909 1914 1909 42 34 680 821 25 24 1 17 17 29 29 5 5 595 583 12 86 85 765 765 Rented 56 36 30 Electric— generated in establishments reporting. 6 23 Table 29 shows the kinds and. quantities of fuel used in the laimdries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 39 UNIT. QUANTITY. Per cent KIND. 1914 1909 of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Barrels 6,947 2,041 1,027 7,048 106 366 -1.4 Oil 1,825.5 1,000 cubic feet 180.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPL 773 GENERAL TABLES. Table 30 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earn- Brs, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhab- itants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 31 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and the statistics for aU industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 30 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost o£ mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND aiY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Canning and preserving. . Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Copper, tin, and sheet- jroii work. Cotton goods.. Fertilizers. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,209 2; 698 1,520 46,702 50,384 38,690 186,434 206,222 110,338 119, 177 18, 768 14, 819 $41,340 36, 926 25,801 $79,550 80,665 57, 451 83 79 57 306 285 160 184 92 141 145 128 69 514 516 261 919 878 499 1914 1909 1904 US 11 • 2 11 1,052 847 757 600 378 550 229 97 172 877 508 1,032 1,665 824 1,506 1914 1909 1904 23 41 24 210 365 318 1,074 1, 3.50 1,003 101 154 132 223 274 213 479 642 494 1914 1909 1904 15 in 15 3,278 2,572 2,653 3,3,™ 2,232 1,019 2,028 1,658 1,421 1,493 1,422 1,332 3,682 3,233 2,886 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 18 15 3 11 14 14 82 119 5 1,989 2,645 2,161 51 69 2 580 695 518 90 91 2 1,812 2,042 1;649 191 211 8 2,789 3,102 2,463 6,510 8,045 6,867 1914 1909 1904 11 10 5 379 449 348 2,809 1,823 645 165 141 79 1,605 1,385 857 2,060 2,125 1,082 1914 1909 1904 17 13 9 48 18 20 783 609 422 14 5 7 344 132 95 410 153 110 1914 1909 1904 43 50 35 423 583 516 1,095 1,372 782 231 295 260 262 472 356 699 1,088 920 Gas, Illuminating and heating. Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work.. Mineral and soda waters. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. Printing and publishing. Turpentine and rosin Wood preserving All other industries 1914 1909 1904 8 8 5 113 101 56 196 148 111 $66 39 24 $111 86 39 1914 1909 1904 58 61 37 476 341 274 8,439 7,003 4,171 219 189 119 327 213 145 1914 1909 1904 8 1,296 1,647 <604 29,640 33,397 22,431 126,371 149,71,5 68,905 12,413 12,683 9,242 14,856 14,207 7,006 1914 1909 1904 13 11 29 58 71 47 108 SO 34 31 41 27 77 79 60 1914 1909 1904 80 79 34 308 191 117 543 317 224 119 72- 44 566 234 99 1914 1909 1904 67 87 91 2,336 2,503 2,499 25,272 24,534 20, 156 850 833 732 14, 438 12, 169 10,070 1914 1909 1904 219 225 211 663 738 649 643 496 265 371 387 254 314 - 300 195 1914 1909 1904 61 64 124 3,275 2,573 2,633 108 286 300 669 582 737 680 349 394 1914 1909 4 3 241 263 1,497 1,275 153 112 1,061 652 1914 1909 1904 164 180 172 1,825 2,325 3,147 8,862 6,467 5,743 762 788 980 1,790 1,795 2,007 $292 258 125 603 38,538 42, 793 26, 162 149 176 126 1,066 561 295 17,600 16,966 12, 687 1,267 1,308 916 1,997 1,475 2,366 1,479 1,315 3,2.32 3,683 4,303 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Battiesbdkq., Jackson. Meeidian.. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 687 648 943 772 1,974 1,524 1,346 2,964 2,273 4,862 3,292 6,538 6,361 $292 297 1,017 702 588 $666 626 2, ,514 1,862 2,720 2,474 2,052 $1,134 1,251 3,625 2,960 4,739 4,237 3,268 Natchez. ViCKSBUEG. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 297 428 316 1,009 1,202 1,031 1,158 1,481 1,767 2,037 $131 189 134 534 637 524 1606 689 503 832 1,148 1,114 820 1,673 2,229 * Includes "canning and preserving, fish;" "canning, fruits and vegetables:" "canning and preserving, oysters;" and "pickles and sauces." 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." < Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. » Figures do not agreel with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 774 MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES INDUSTBT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pto- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tcnd- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 2,209 52,277 2,386 1,420 1,-576 193 46,702 Ja 48,363 De 43,937 (') m W (?) (») $81,005,484 f. 5 4 8 83 38 34 4 6 10 5 8 15 9 15 5 13 S 8 18 11 11 17 5 43 5 8 58 1,240 48 13 7 80 67 6 23 196 14 171 11 10 11 7 4 3 61 3 4 3 34 44 16 234 426 628 564 64 24 819 88 108 150 S2 3,515 18 93 57 36 107 2,069 444 82 32 532 11 162 623 31,352 1,099 81 43 459 2,775 13 143 857 208 634 15 48 77 61 16 4 3,506 34 289 49 1,181 3 4 ■9 98 42 41 1 16 2 2 4 17 6 22 7 15 22 ""2 20 1 38 6 ■■■35' 1,541 54 12 9 84 16 5 22 181 10 168 3 15 12 7 5 3 51 4 ...... 27 6 2 8 10 27 22 5 ^ 1 32 10 213 306 551 494 57 8 791 82 96 114 43 3,278 8 66 38 18 82 1,989 379 48 19 423 5 113 476 28,490 93-7 58 33 308 2,336 100 663 154 409 24' 65 54 11 1 3,275 28 241 46 1,070 Fe 57 My 20 Ap 293 Oc 325 No 7 De< 5 Au 93 Au i 300 46 26 267 317 757 677 80 13 1,281 297 117 96 43 2,836 8 60 38 22 79 2,042 445 53 19 374 6 102 550 34,922 916 61 30 306 3,968 6 107 591 165 426 46 26 228 296 714 637 77 11 463 155 117 96 43 2,819 8 45 23 22 78 1,026 445 51 16 371 5 102 529 34,767 911 59 24 288 3,947 5 90 437 130 307 138,987 28,200 217,396 332,935 703,747 614,661 89,186 6,925 489,403 71,639 127,777 392,584 800,814 2,016,004 27,284 120,216 92,934 27,282 87,620 3,837,231 2,922,592 140,232 100,554 1,368,425 27,137 1,372,099 1,855,863 43,783,927 2,048,859 104,'500 64,704 625,101 9,372,992 25,605 271,500 968,750 232,668 720, 519 15,563 77,294 32,966 28,985 3,981 1,482 2,273,186 21,902 1,589,598 74,940 3,092,514 ? 4 4 4 6 5 1 2 2 29 8 8 8 ...... 781 130 10 13 35 32 3 6 Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-ootta, and fire- clay products. 7 Je 683 Jy< 90 My< 12 Oc 1,283 No 290 Mh 134 Ja 132 Au 44 Ja 3,508 My< 10 De 239 Fe< 10 Ja 5 My 60 Fe' Au 48 No 95 Jy 42 De 2,845 Ap< 7 8 Sewer pipe and draintile n Brooms, from broom com in Canning and preserving, fl'sh 14 3 8 6 6 74 1 5 2 3 1 42 26 7 7 33 10 1 2 26 7 31 5 11 1? Canning, fruits and vegetables 13 Carriages, wagons and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. 12 2 150 3 10 10 1 1 13 17 16 12 12 3 3 18 Confectionery Se 41 Au 29 My 91 Fe 2,053 Mh 646 Ja 52 Ja 27 Ap 457 Del 6 Je 134 Je 732 Au 30,248 Ja 999 Ja 64 Ja< 38 Jy 374 De 3,964 Fe 7 De 106 Mh 36 Ja 8 De< 74 Au 1,902 Au 192 Au 43 Oc 13 De 356 Oc 3 Ja < 102 Ja 255 De 25,207 De 833 Mh 53 De4 24 Fe 253 Je 754 Jy< 4 Au< 97 20 01 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods 2 23 34 6 3 29 "b 3 1 2 9 "822' 1 124 '"'76' 23 24 25 26 07 Floiir-mill anrt gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture," wood, other than rattan and willow. ■"'i' 2 2 2 1 1 17 64 537 47 4 25 41 716 52 4 7 7 68 9 3 1 3 9 1 3 22 10 9 3 *>« 2 5 7 10 1 16 55 1 54 21 139 6 •XI Lumber and timber products .... 30 Lumber, planing-mfll products, not including; planing muls connected with sawmills. 1 11 11 ?^ Mineral and soda waters 33 220 2 7 45 12 27 6 5 31 194 ...... 46 22 21 3 4 M Oil cottonseed and cake Patent medicines and compounds Printing and publishing, job printing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 36 1 98 34 64 '"'i' ...... ■^s Ap 171 No 424 (•) Fei 30 Oc 144 Mhi 400 Au» 20 39 Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing 11 30 61 50 11 1 3,262 33 243 47 28 61 50 11 1 3,200 31 243 47 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. 43 44 45 ■16 Ja< 74 Oc 21 (.') 1 Jy 3,372 Se 37 Fe 283 Mh 61 Jy 37 Se< 9 (') 1 la 3, 165 .Ta 1 25 Au 202 Au 34 Turpentine and rosin 90 1 25 2 35 89 1 19 1 ...... 20 42 2 47 48 49 60 Upholstering materials, excelsior 42 7 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 27 25 35 49 26 51 24 37 604 746 677 1,120 2,272 2, 253 379 1,168 24 18 28 25 17 46 19 34 30 24 22 51 49 87 25 51 25 29 37 80 70 127 31 59 4 4 3 21 7. 19 7 15 - 521 671 587 943 2,129 1,974 297 1,009 Fe 558 De 838 Ja 637 Oc 1,085 Ja 2,272 Fe 2,066 De 333 Se 1, 167 .Te 47o Au 514 De 526 My 819 Fe 1,909 No 1,863 Je 266 Ap 891 549 850 611 1,049 2,037 1,920 317 1,031 479 845 583 996 1,787 1,675 282 968 52 1 4 2,-i 166 198 17 55 17 4 24 28 66 29 18 8 1 "'is' 18 $983,547 1,695,229 1,677,608 2,608,391 4,621,129 5,352,136 582,026 1,248,930 Greenville \ Jackson ^ Meridian 7 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 5 No figures shown for reasons given in "Explanation of terms." * Same number reported for one or mere other months. *AU other industries embrace — Automobile repairing 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Baking powders 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Butter 2 Canning and preserving, oysters 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 1 ti^gWlzecTt^icrdsofm- ' Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels 1 Cordage and twine 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 MANUFACTURES— MISSISSIPPI. AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 775 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWISK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal- revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam engines.i In- ternal- com- bus- tion en-\ ginea.z Water wheels and mo- tors. 1 Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 82,247,987 $1,583,146 7,025 150 7,050 16, 180 26,126 22,406 3,720 21,070 2,880 9,220 9,700 5,005 105,850 1,000 7,260 3,060 ■4,200 500 63,131 41,781 6,952 9,333 55,505 18,059 75,367 1,015,013 67,659 5,320 -43,080 338,732 300 12,622 5S,42S 19,918 32,560 2,950 4,920 99,880 780 56,985 2,250 55,974 $19,176,627 1,320 2,920 6,0"46 6,000 4,800 1,200 8,880 90 10,339 381 1,505 8,539 8,530 1,960 31, 874 61,919 6,000 4,655 30,937 19,547 33,612 752,847 55,239 4,740 850 38,286 190,155 800 12,734 56,533 34,567- 21,066 900 3,600 53,145 360 24,370 37,588 $2,075,852 14,476 2,860 66,518 144,970 198,099 175,825 22,274 3,707 173,553 16, 417 41,386 59,787 25,145 2,028,065 3,650 23,067 13,988 9,079 50,571 680, 491 155,409. 14,488 4,629 231,495 1,985 55,594 219,247 11,948,939 397,706 31,216 12,619 118,603 849, 845 2,205 71,745 299,640 93,779 205,861 13,740 31,278 25,677 5,601 700 669,323 6,272 152,546 20,532 434, 109 $163,231 540 904 400 400 800 150 249 1,000 2,247 11,872 1,197 1,965,304 2,920 2,414 2,091 199 311 18,996 690 6,237 12,069 600 4,075 2,200 2,200 519 324 195 312 60,436 3,870 9,000 150 $1,156,966 96 21,504 36 495 ISO 6 475 1,380 75 1,480 3,414 1,020 2,394 2,798 1,750 2,488 1,155 2,970 174 5,787 2,550 23,103 5,272 660 10,519 14,053 270 6,882 25,331 4,150 20,581 9,536 $39,948,838 774 105 769 5,345 5,932 5,837 95 7 4,276 243 1,077 4,786 3,689 12,990 160 796 526 270 992 19,991 27,418 1,134 979 11,072 13,124 28,808 796,674 18,049 917 500 16,358 131, 229 165 1,992 10,392 2,007 8,347 1,365 272 244 28 620 17,898 193 9,074 862 5,870 $1,391,284 20, 151 3,936 74,462 495, 353 74,993 72,092 2,901 7,049 679, 087 47,350 132,504 86,013 23,634 1,432,829 74,278 100, 471 45,777 64,694 90,001 1,733,739 1,572,627 339, 475 164, 685 241, 252 1,055 31,423 133,826 13,604,174 980,178 74,518 34,717 650,651 14,055,971 15, 352 79, 430 212,966 55,727 156,959 97,630 46,072 44,039 2,033 1,977 669,403 8,304 1,029,124 15,342 1,013,036 $7.9,550,095 924 970 1,125 18, 973 112, 55() 106,894 5,656 38 19,464 1,152 235 4,737 1,024 60,072 812 2,358 1,499 859 454 78, 261 32,458 4,803 21, 150 407 79, 222 193,077 189, 877 6,034 2,000 1,104 15,466 381,657 75 3,719 17,584 5,411 12, 173 614 714 564 150 19 10,776 1,876 31,893 5 92,606 $38,209,973 60,638 15,250 201,977 919, 007 512,777 469,763 43,014 16,555 1,314,954 73,780 217,564 261,872 69,157 3,682,100 2,J89,199 93,694 176,985 81, 176 95,809 190,946 2,789,007 2,069,786 410,332 201,376 699, 444 7,800 291,959 1,045,940 36,506,812 1,828,954 149, 404 70,093 1,066,364 17,599,651 25,685 . 241,876 1,024,854 296,041 715,664 13, 149 146,914 101,362 93,011 8,351 5,540 1,997,139 22, 489 1,478,528 47,025 1,944,506 29,563 10,344 126,390 404,681 325,234 290,777 34, 457 9,468 616,403 25,278 84,825 171,122 34, 499 18,604 74, 156 33,900 40,256 100, 490 977,007 454,801 66,054 35,692 437,042 6,338 181,314 719,037 2,712,761 842,742 72,886 34,272 500, 247 3,162,023 10,258 158,727 794,304 234,903 546,532 12,869 48,770 54,576 48,408 6,168 3,544 1,416,960 12; 309 417,511 31, 678 838,864 186,434 97 53 641 1B4 2,435 2,150 285 661 423 66 3,360 5,510 2,809 783 100 1,095 121 196 8,439 120,335 4,395 108 104 543 25,272 98 545 143 402 121 170 137 33 108 215 1,497 142 5,245 177, 287 2,435 2,150 285 269 227 640 320 2,316 5,364 1,402 308 25 377 100 181 8,280 118, 796 3,940 333 24,659 85 145 115 30 215 1,475 130 4,525 1,725 11 50 135 197 16 60 456 50 10 99 143 207 5 202 12 12 132 643 6,779 5 'm 1,034 135 1,357 340 75 521 5 15 55 498 405 108 570 138 200 22 588 10,572 133 464 627 84 5,022 72 255 2,516 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $37,681 $28,826 $223,539 $1,044 $2,604 $11,728 $721,860 $24,&36 81,248,543 $501,848 2,449 2,281 26 142 1 42,521 44,046 314,633 23,236 5,030 26,105 1,132,993 44,403 1,935,153 757, 7o7 2,688 2,559 25 104 ? 33,064 32,918 291,847 1,025 4,609 16,452 633,860 32,457 1,133,927 467,610 2,964 2,072 4 888 464 3 99,399 99,326 459,726 9,960 12,424 34,975 2,440,733 7.3,267 3,625,068 1,111,068 4,862 4,295 37 530 118 4 118,241 101,957 1,066,251 22,998 3,780 89,682 1,688,744 24, ,388 3,372,292 1,669,160 7,115 6,450 130 535 1,402 5 132,820 139,450 1,016.504 2,847 16,634 52,345 2,610,747 108,982 4,738,763 2,019,034 5,6.38 3,660 8 1,970 6 37,625 26,137 130,859 4,287 8,798 7,949 674,679 31,054 895,913 290, 180 1,158 932 60 166 35 7 71,063 56,499 634,107 14,314 16,234 11,693 760,084 72, 143 1,672,907 840,680 1,757 1,410 48 299 3 8 * None reported for one or more other months. ' No wage earners employed. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Jewelry 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns . . 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Pl&les and sauces 1 Pottery, earthen and stone ware 1 S aws 1 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel repair work 1 Slaughtering and meatpacking 1 &^nr^&at)yMicrosoft®- ' Sugar, cane 2 Toys and games ! " ! i ! ! ! " ! ! I ! ! * ' " 1 Woocl distillation, not including turpentine" aiid rosin 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MISSOURI. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^Missouri was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1821. With a gross area of 69,420 square mUes, of which 68,727 represent land surface, it ranks eighteenth in size among the states. The inhabitants of Missouri in 1900 numbered 3,106,665, and in 1910, 3,293,335; and its estimated population in 1914 was 3,373,000. In total popula- tion Missouri ranked seventh among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked eighteenth, with 47.9 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 45.2. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places of 2,500 or more — was 1,398,817, or 42.5 per cent of the total, as against 36.3 per cent in 1900. There were ia the state in 1914, 14 cities, each with an estimated popidation of more than 10,OjOO: Cape Girardeau, Colmnbia, Hannibal, In- dependence, JefEerson City, Joplin, Kansas City, Mo- berly, St. Charles, St. Joseph, St. Louis, Sedalia, Spring- field, and Webb City. The aggregate population of these cities formed 38.3 per cent of the estimated popu- lation of the state. With the exception of portions of the south central part, the transportation facilities of Missouri are excel- lent, St. Louis and Kansas City being among the great- est railway centers of the country. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 8,224, and the electric-railway mileage inl912was921. The Mississippi and Missouri Kivers provide exceptionally good facilities for water transportation. According to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, the total output of the mines and quarries of Missotiri in 1914 was valued at $48,597,593, the leading products being lead, zinc, and coal. The state ranked eleventh in that year in total value of min- eral output and first in production of lead and zinc. The value of merchandise imported through the St. Louis customs district in 1914 was $9,583,659. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Missouri's manufactured products in 1914 were val- ued at $637,952,128, and the average nimaber of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 152,182. In that year it ranked eleventh among the states both in value of products and average number of wage earners, producing 2.6 per cent of the manu- factured products and reporting 2.2 per cent of the total wage earners shown for the United States. The corresponding percentages for 1909 were 2.8 and 2.3 and for 1904 were 3 and 2.4 per cent, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Missouri for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establisliineiits Persons engaged Proprietors and flrm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Cap: • Si lital. lapita labri< ies and wages Salaries Wages Paid tor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANTTFACTUEING INDUSTEIES. 1914 8,386 188,266 7,698 28,386 152, 182 391,385 $528,548,033 126,494,933 37,297,466 89,197,477 2,602,416 18,023,569 388, 714, 8.59 637,952,128 249,237,269 1909 8, 375 185,705 8,226 24,486 152,993 340, 467 $444,343,135 109,836,698 28,993,922 80,842,776 2, 667, 451 14,617,099 354,411,151 574,111,070 219,699,919 1904 6,464 156, 585 6,299 17,119 133, 167 , 247, 861 $379,368,827 85, 546, 364 19,002,238 66,644,126 2,649,428 3 1,681,955 252,258,417 439, 548, 957 187,290,540 1899 6,853 m m 12, 474 107, 704 189, 117 $223,781,088 60,008,556 13,294,822 46,713,734 h 184,189,030 316,304,095 132,115,065 PER CENT OF mCEEASE.l 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 0.1 1.4 -6.4 15.9 -0.5 15.0 17.6 15.2 28.6 10.3 -2.4 23.3 9.7 11.1 13.4 29.6 18.6 30.6 43.0 14.9 37.4 17.1 28.2 52.6 21.3 0.7 40.0 30.6 17.3 37.2 23.6. 31.1 69.5 42.7 42.9 42.7 37. » 39. » 41.8 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. This table shows an increase from census to census in the value of the manufactures of the state, although the rate of increase was smaller for each succeeding five- year period — 39 per cent from 1899 to 1904, 30.6 per cent from 1904 to 1909, and 11.1 per cent from 1909 to 1914. During the period 1909-1914 the capital invested increased by $78,204,948, or 17.6 per ^j^Pj^ ifPfMf^K^ paid for^alaries and wages, by $16,65»;2?!'5, or T572 per- cent; the value of products, by $63,841,058, or 11.1 per cent; and the value added by manufacture, which best represents the importance of the manuf actiu-es as described in the "Explanation of terms," increased by $29,537,350, or 13.4 per cent. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives percentages the three five-year periods from 1899 to ri'4r CVVVl 778 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 2> CENSUS or 1914. PER CENT OF INCREASE 1 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. rer cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 8,386 152,182 100.0 8637,952,128 100.0 $249,237,269 100.0 -0.5 14.9 23.6 11.1 30.6. 39.0 13.4 17.3 41.8 Slaughtering and meat packing Boots and shoes, including cut stock 40 54 641 431 1,353 32 356 1,043 966 90 37 39 212 195 54 100 100 35 22 223 15 19 93 133 34 74 54 9 7 21 3 117 18 175 10 10 25 33 64 39 8 12 32 195 16 21 28 153 8 12 5 940 5,200 14,740 2,096 3,997 10,571 5,947 8,449 5,269 9,196 8,140 656 9,721 1,090 2,506 629 3,346 2,520 1,342 842 2,560 1,714 2,560 5,196 1,419 599 2,355 301 521 2,248 741 1,237 1,059 383 905 227 172 504 908 334 852 1,168 578 1,092 556 873 428 461 850 436 100 191 22,337 3.4 9.7 1.4 2.6 6.9 3.9 5.6 3.5 6.0 6.3 0.4 6.4 0.7 1.6 0.4 2.2 1.7 0.9 0.6 1.7 1.1 1.7 3.4 0.9 0.4 1.5 0.2 0.3 1.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 14.7 92,060,499 52,522,006 38,686,309 33,380,843 33,173,414 31,801,404 22,270,635 19,940,499 18,396,838 17,300,109 14,299,135 12,847,379 9,010,409 8,389,552 7,793,604 7.608,343 7,255,593 7,196,994 6,936,122 6,850,955 6,644,251 6,643,210 6,517,288 5,859,229 6,791,895 5,517,015 5,167,343 4,919,685 3,882,420 3,484,293 3,362,955 3,106,895 3,047,306 2,716,440 2,672,987 2,387,146 2,182,911 2,162,822 1,995,834 1,888,484 1,710,323 1,681,645 1,636,088 1,623,226 1,573,680 1,551,557 1,088,075 1,081,590 1,038,077 1,008,583 1,006,790 95,381,443 14.4 8.2 6.1 5.2 5.2 5.0 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.2 2.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 15.0 7,376,434 15,390,628 5,423,920 19,319,470 23,602,183 24,428,671 11,748,725 9,783,693 9,984,182 7,263,972 3,350,217 7,475,468 6,084,042 3,621,014 1,646,404 4,075,814 3,165,516 5,054,085 2,772,252 3,019,396 4,305,848 4,227,457 4,520,383 2,680,046 2,042,162 2,482,862 800,031 2,108,865 2,307,632 ■ 2,151,801 1,476,375 2,065,730 608,864 1,435,794 531,377 242,684 976,087 1,098,329 830,188 726,831 875,89'l 755,988 888,656 967,263 578,994 560, 299 687,906 341,618 452,213 437,349 557, 191 29,928,469 3.0 6.2 2.2 7.8 9.5 9.8 4.7 3.9 4.0 2.9 1.3 3.0 2.4 1.5 0.7 1.6 1.3 2.0 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 ,0.2 0.2 12.0 11.3 -15.3 -4.6 -10.2 -2.0 5.3 13.5 11.1 -32.0 1.8 -10.1 19.7 11.2 -5.0 33.5 -2.4 33.9 42.6 36.0 -22.5 10.3 66.5 -6.3 -15.3 10.6 1.4 4.0 26.0 6.8 31.7 31.8 20.1 6.1 18.9 -17.5 23.4 5.8 -48.5 -3.3 4.4 35.6 75.1 ,54.6 0.5 21.2 76.8 "ii'.s 11.2 -12.9 11.0 21.1 -2.8 144.8 18.0 6.7 -4.7 118.9 88.2 5.8 15.7 7.7 -13.1 7.9 11.9 15.9 11.5 7.6 -20.9 12.3 18.5 \ 30.9 18.0 7.2 44.8 3.1 9.0 55.2 90.6 -19.1 32.4 107.1 17.0 0.2 21.5 13.6 36.0 46.2 26.8 49.2 66.1 12.5 38.6 36.8 79.3 52.6 43.8 -17.0 11.0 10.3 39.3 105.5 59.6 10.9 47.6 75.3 "74.'6" 11.7 5.4 37.9 33.7 10.8 10.0 26.1 -6.2 94.1 81.8 19.1 -0.1 8.3 -4.5 34.1 12.3 22.9 8.6 27.1 -21.1 14.6 16.7 31.5 19.2 12.1 45.7 0.6 16.2. 48.0 95.8 -16.3 22.8 65.6 11.5 -23.9 19.4 11.0 25.5 42.7 6.0 32.4 35.4 23.4 44.7 32.8 19.7 42.2 36.4 -10.3 27.9 5.6 61.0 157.7 Flour-mill and eristmill products — 34.2 1.9 Printing ^.Tirl pnhlishinj. . 63.6 Liquors, malt 67.2 Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts . Bread and other bakery products Lumber and timber products Clothing, men's, including shirts Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- 58.6 39.4 11.1 120.0 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 31.6 Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Copper, tin, and sheet-Iron products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1.0 20.9 Furniture and refrigerators 29.7 13.8 Gas, illuminating and heating 79.5 136.5 Carriages and wagons and materials. Stoves^ hot-air furnaces, and ranpes. Electrical machinery, apparatus, 2.8 141.5 -15.3 -21.8 -12.6 -14.4 127.0 -6.0 28.1 4.4 -44.5 39.2 29.0 -32.6 3.2 33.3 26.0 2.2 13.4 47.6 7.4 1.1 12.4 21.6 65.1 75.8 51.5 52.2 1.4- 49.2 20.3 30.3 17.3 -9.9 100.0 'i46.'2' 69.3 -15.9 55.2 -2R.0 34.0 17.3 104.3 -15.9 -10.0 -15.2 1.4 74.6 4.3 94.8 2.6 -32.9 49.1 37.2 -21.1 26.4 86.7 36.3 21.4 6.7 63.7 125.2 51.6 11.9 45.4 67.2 84.4 45.4 49.3 80.4 91.1 55.7 50.6 40.5 6.3 204.2 "isi's" 94.0 -6.3 76.3 19.4 86.5 38.1 96.9 -20.1 -1.3 -4.1 9.9 73.9 26.7 120.6 29.5 -31.5 45.8 7.4 -28.0 21.9 89.2 32.8 9.7 28.1 48.3 63.7 34.0 -2.5 50.8 52.7 93.8 65.3 42.3 10.7 104.1 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay 51.7 50.8 39.0 Clothing, women's. 9.9 Butter 172.8 100.9 Wirework, including wire rope and 140.6 Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing millt! -11.5' 76.1 ■Rrfv<5<5 fl.nH hT-nnKP prnduots. . 10.6 Marble and stone work .... 93.5 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- 51.5 Poultry, killing and dressing Automobiles, including bodies and 37.0 -2.8 30.2 31.3 49.7 44.1 206.2 -27.0 267.6 -1.8 262.9 20.0 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified -21.7 29.1 32.9 -1.9 20.1 186.2 -0.2 22.6 -10.7 -19.3 25.0 -38.9 -3.2 43.6 31.4 -4.5 44.2 112.5 332.9 28.7 -38.7 42.1 82.4 18.9 25.6 89.4 -13.0 24.6 -31.3 -33.7 55.7 -17.1 -0.6 64.2 78.7 10.7 77.9 124.3 "67.'8' -38.2 24.6 59.2 25.7 9.5 70.0 -2.9 25.1 -40.0 -42.7 16.2 -18.7- -2.5 43.1 73.7 11.0 55.5 Cars and general shop construction r.nmpanip.R . 132.6 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Boy^p, faT>«y and pa.pfir "25.6 38.8 49.2 25.6 11.3 -9.1 -15.6 49.1 -9.8 38.6 7.3 44.2 48.2 19.0 25.6 31.7 25.6 77.4 60.8 73.8 39.7 55.4 20.0 31.9 58.6 -8.8 Jewelry .. . . ... 57.3 Coifins, burial cases, and undertak- 111.3 98.2 1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 36; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are' presented for 51 industries, or industry groups, for each, of which products valued at more than $1,000,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products valued at more than $50,000,000, 4 with products between $30,000,000 and $50,000,000, 6 wffi/gr^JS3®C/sjb^-i tween $12,000,000 and $30,000,000, 15 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 11 with products between $2,000,000 and $5,000,000, and the remaining 13 with products between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000. In addition to those industries shown, there are 14 with products valued at more than $1,000,000 in- A^MJ^^^/jf(§ll other industries" in order to avoid the possibility of disclosing individual operations; the MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 779 most important of these are the manufacture of s'team- raikoad cars, not including the operations of railroad companies; bags, other than paper; cement; explo- sives; and the smelting and refiniug of lead and the refining of petroleum. The industries in this table are arranged in the order •of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing as measured by the value of products is the most important industry in this state. Though first in value of products, the in- dustry ranked ninth in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. The boot and shoe in- dustry ranked second in value of products, first in num- ber of wage earners, and fourth in value added by man- ufacture. Printing and publishing, the fifth industry as measured by value of products, is second in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Malt liquors, ranking sixth, and tobacco manufactures, ranking fourth in value of products, are first and third, respectively, as measured by value added by manufacture ; for both of these industries, however, it should be remembered that the amo\mt paid for in- ternal revenue is included in the value of products. Foundry and machine-shop products ranks seventh in value of products and fifth in both number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. The industries in the table showing the greatest rela- tive increases in value of products from 1909 to 1914 are electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes, in- creasing 104.3 per cent; the manufacture of glass, 94.8 per cent; the manufacture of chemicals, 90.6 per cent; men's furnishing goods, 89.4 per cent; and paper goods, not elsewhere specified, 82.4 per cent. Although certain industries predominate, it will be seen from Table 2 that there is a considerable diversity in the manufacturing activities of the state. The most important industries call for brief consideration. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^This industry in- cludes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing es- tablishments and also 9 establishments, with products valued at $452,378, engaged primarily in the manu- facture of sausage. Missouri is one of the principal cattle and hog raising states. According to the census of agriculture of 1909, there were 1,596,294 cattle and calves and 5,374,746 swine sold and slaughtered dur- ing the year. The abimdance of food animals in this and adjoining states has fostered the slaughtering in- dustry, and the state ranked fifth among the states in the value of products for the industry in 1914. The industry is largely centralized in the stockyards of South St. Joseph and St. Louis. Boots and shoes, including cut stocTc and findings. — This classification includes not only the manufacture of boots and shoes but also the manufacture of boot and shoe cut stock and findings. The 54 establish- ments shown in the table include 48 T^l^ti^(&^ ^^ shoes, 1 making moccasins, 3 manufacturing cut stock, and 2 findings. The industry, all branches combined, ranked second among the industries in the state in value of products in both 1914 and 1909, and gave employment to the largest number of wage earners, 14,740, or 9.7 per cent of the total number reported for all industries in 1914. The value of products and value added by manufacture both increased during the five-year period. The increase shown for the period 1909-1914 is due to the increase in the value of products of those establishments mak- ing cut stock and findings, as the product of the boot and shoe factories decreased during the period. St. Louis, however, is one of the principal centers of the boot and shoe industry in the country, and there are large estabHshments in a number of the other cities of the state. Flour^mill and gristmill products. — ^This industry does not include statistics for the small custom mills grinding exclusively for local consumption. Notwith- standing the decrease shown for the period 1909-1914 the industry ranked third in both 1914 and 1909, as measured by value of products. The nmnber of wage earners employed and the value added by manufacture, as compared with other industries, are relatively small, because the processes are largely performed by machinery and comparatively few wage earners are required. Tobacco manufactures. — ^In 1914 this industry in- cluded 15 establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of chevdng and smoking tobacco, 415 in the manufacture of cigars, and 1 in the manufacture of cigarettes. The. 431 estabhshments gave employ- ment to 2.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners in all industries in the state, reported 5.2 per cent of the total value of products and 7.8 per cent of the value added by manufacture. The increase in value of products for the period 1909-1914 amounted to 7.9 per cent and in value added by manufacture to 34.1 per cent. Printing and publishing. — ^This classification includes estabhshments engaged in printing and pubhshing; bookbinding and blank-book making; engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing; and litho- graphing. These industries combined rank fifth in valu9 of products and second in both average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. As compared with 1909, the number of wage earners re- ported in 1914 shows a decrease, but the value of products and value added by manufacture show sub- stantial increases, 11.9 per cent and 12.3 per cent, respectively. Liquors, malt. — ^Missouri ranked fifth in the value of malt hquors manufactured in 1909, but in 1914 it held sixth place. The industry held the same relative rank at the two censuses (fifth and sixth) among the indus- tries of the state. Notwithstanding these propor- tional decreases, there was an actual increase during Ui&r&SQil^Gnod 1909-1914 of $4,354,900, or 15.9 780 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. per cent, in value of products; $4,549,923, or 22.9 per cent, in value added by manufacture; and 301, or 5.3 per cent, in average number of wage earners employed. The high, ranking of the malt-liquor industry in value of products and value added by manufacture is due in large part to the fact that these items include the amount of internal-revenue taxes paid, for which reason the value added by manufacture represents much more than the value actually added to the ma- terials by the manufacturing processes. As a result, the importance of the industry, as measured by either value of products or value added by manufacture, is considerably exaggerated. Foundry and macMne-sTiop products. — In addition to the foundries and machine shops, this industry in- cludes the repairs to automobiles; the manufacture of beUs; engines; gas machines, and gas and water meters; hardware; saddlery hardware; plumbers' supplies; steam fittings; and the fabrication of structural iron and steel. The industry as a whole ranks seventh in value of products and fifth in average number of wage earners for 1914 among the industries of the state. The number of estabhshments increased from 329 to 356 during the period from 1909 to 1914; there was also an increase of 13.5 per cent in the average number of wage earners, 11.5 per cent in value of products, and 8.6 percent in value added by manufacture. Bread and other balcery products. — In addition to es- tablishments supplying the local trade, the location in Kansas City and St. Louis of large wholesale bakeries increases the importance of this industry, which ranks eighth in the state when measured by v alue of products. The industry gave employment to 5,269 wage earners and reported products valued at $19,940,499. These figures show increases over 1909 of 11.1 per cent and 7.6 per cent, respectively. Lumber and Umber products. — Under this head are included statistics for logging and sawmill operations, for planing mills, and estabhshments manufacturing wooden packing boxes and window and door screens and weather strips. The industry gave employment during the year 1914 to an average of 9, 196 wage earn- ers, with products valued at $18,396,838. These figures represent 6 per cent and 2.9 per cent of the respective totals reported for all manufacturing industries of the state. The decreases in number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture are due to a depression in the industry (luring 1914 and also to some extent to the fact that some of the smaller miUs reported as en- gaged in msrchant sawing in 1909 were doing only custom work in 1914 and, therefore, were not enumer- ated. Mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for the immediate neighborhood should not be included in the census of manufactures, but it is not always possi- ble to conduct the canvass in regard to the omission of these estabhshments on uniform lij of the country at different censuses. Clothing, men's, and clothing, women's. — These in- dustries include the manufacture of men's outer cloth- ing and shirts and also the manufacture of suits, skirts, cloaks, shirt waists, dresses, undergarments, petticoats, and wrappers for women's wear. The manufacture of men's clothing ranks tenth among the industries of Missouri, contributing 2.7 per cent of value of products and giving employment to 5.3 per cent of aU wage- earners reported. The com- bined industries employed 10,495 wage earners and reported products valued at $22,817,124, representiag 6.9 per cent and 3.6 per cent, respectively, of the totals for the state. Both industries show increases in 1914 as compared with 1909, except in number of wage earn- ers reported for the manufacture of women's clothing. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.— Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTWACTXni- ING INDUSTRIES. CLAS9. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 188,266 185,705 150,451 150, 750 37,815 34,955 79.9 81.2 20.1 18.8 Proprietors and ofQcials.. . 14,809 14,820 14,340 14,423 469 397 96.8 97.3 3.2 2.7 Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried officers of corporations. . Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 7,698 8,226 3,328 3,010 3,783 . 3,684 21,275 17, 892 152, 182 152,993 150,390 149, 175 1,792 3,818 7,426 7,989 3,209 2,924 3,705 3,510 16,483 14,061 119,628 122,266 272 237 119 86 78 74 4,792 3,831 32,554 30,727 96.5 97.1 96.4 97.1 97.9 97.9 77.5 78.6 78.6 79.9 3.5 2.9 3.6 2.9 2.1 2.1 22.5 21.4 21.4 20.1 16 years of age and over 118,650 119,980 978 2,286 31,740 29,195 814 1,532 78.9 80.4 54.6 59.9 21.1 19.6 45.4 40.1 Of the total number of persons employed in 1914, 152,182, or 80.8 per cent, were wage earners, and of this number, 78.6 per cent were males. The propor- tions of females engaged in the manufactures show increases over 1914 for every class, except for superin- tendents and managers. The largest proportions of females shown were for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, 22.5 per cent, and wage earners, 21.4 per cent. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. MiC^^&ff'^^ of 1.4 per cent in number of persons engaged in the manufactures of the state during MAIHUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 781 the period 1909 to 1914 is due to the increase in the numbet of females. Of the classes shown, the largest increases are for salaried ofl&cers of corporations, 10.6 per cent, and for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, 18.9 per cent. The number of female employees increased in every class, except wage earners under 16 years of age. There has been a marked decrease iu the employment of child labor, the number decreasing from 3,818 in 1909 to 1,792 in 1914, or 53.1 per cent. The proportion of wage earners under 16 decreased from 2.1 per cent in 1909 to nine- tenths of 1 per cent ia 1914. Table 4 AU Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers •Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.. "Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years ol age PEBSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUEING INDUSTEIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 1.4 -0.1 -6.4 10.6 5.6 18.9 -0.5 0.8 -53.1 Male. -0.2 -0.6 -7.0 9.7 5.6 17.2 -2.2 -1.1 -57.2 Female. 8.2 18.1 14.8 25.1 5.9 8.7 -46.9 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 7.9 4.1 1.8 2.0 11.3 80.8 79.9 0.9 8.0 4.4 1.6 1.9 9.6 82.4 80.3 2.1 Male. 1914 1909 9.5 4.9 2.1 2.5 11.0 79.5 78.9 0.6 9.6 5.3 1.9 2.3 9.3 81.1 79.6 1.5 Female. 1914 1909 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.2 12.7 86.1 83.9 2.2 100.0 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.2 11.0 87.9 83.5 4.4 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons •engaged ia manufactures ia 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earher census. (See "Expla- nation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUEING INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 188,266 185,705 156,585 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.4 18.6 Proprietors and Arm members. 7,698 28,386 152, 182 8,226 24,486 152,993 6,299 17, 119 133,167 4.1 15.1 80.8 4.4 13.2 82.4 4.0 10.9 85.0 -6.4 15.9 -0.5 30.6 43.0 Wage earners (average) 14.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. This table shows an iacrease in the total number of employees for each of the five-year periods, the in- crease for the decade beiag 20.2 per cent. Proprietors and firm members decreased 6.4 per cent during the later five-year period, whUe salaried employees in- creased. This is partly due to the fact that some establishments operated by individuals or firms in 1909 became incorporated between the censuses. It is probable that some of the persons reported as pro- prietors or firm members of such estabhshments in 1909 were reported as salaried officials in 1914. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 WAGE EARNERS. Per cent of total. Census INDUSTRY. year. Average num- ber.i 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. of age. All industries . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 152,182 152,993 133,167 79.0 78.4 79.5 19.9 19.1 17.1 1 1 2.5 3.4 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 14,740 17,396 63.6 60.6 35.1 31.8 1.3 7.6 Boxes, fancy and paper 1914 1909 1,092 1,113 29.0 26.6 63.0 62.1 8.0 11.3 1914 1909 5,269 4,743 65.5 68.1 33.2 29.0 2.8 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. 1914 1909 6,196 6,137 99.3 98.4 0.2 0.1 0.5 1.5 Carriages and wagons and materials 1914 1909 2,560 3,302 98.2 97.6 1.5 2.2 0.2 0.4 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electrio-raihoad companies. 1914 1909 1,168 906 99.9 99.6 0.1 0.1 "o.'s Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 9,721 8,121 99.9 99.9 0.1 0.1 Clothing, men's, including shirts 1914 1909 8,140 7,994 22.6 21.6 76.1 76.4 1 3 2.1 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 2,365 2,760 20.6 18.7 77.1 79.1 2 3 2.2 Confectionery 1914 1909 2,620 1,882 37.9 38.6 61.1 59.4 2.1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 1914 1909 2,506 2,637 85.2 91.8 13.4 6.8 1.4 1.4 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes. 1914 1909 2,560 1,060 76.2 78.4 22.6 18.8 1.2 2.8 1914 1909 2,096 2,198 99.1 99.3 0.8 0.4 0.4 Foundry and machine-shop products 1914 1909 8,449 7,443 98.9 98.8 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.8 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 3,346 3,427 97.3 95.0 1.9 2.4 0.9 2.6 Gas, illuminating and heating 1914 1909 1,342 941 100.0 99.9 'o.'i 1 For method of estimating the distribution by sex and age periods of the average number for all industries combined see "Explanation of terms." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 782 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 6— Continued. Glass , Ice, manulactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.' 2,248 1,755 1,059 761 1,237 2,227 1,419 1,814 5,947 5,646 9,196 13,522 1,090 10,571 10, 790 5,200 4,674 3,997 4,453 37, 158 34,322 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. 98.3 98.4 1.4 0.9 99.2 99.7 0.1 0.1 99.9 99.6 94.2 89.7 5.1 9.5 95.0 90.5 4.9 8.5 97.6 97.6 0.6 0.5 44.7 40.3 53.6 57.7 74.5 71.5 23.8 26.0 95.9 96.6 4.0 3.3 65.3 62.3 31.9 36.2 80.1 77.4 18.7 18.7 Un- der 16 years of 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.1 1.1 1.8 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.7 2.5 0.1 0.1 2.8 1.5 1.2 3.9 1 For method of estimating the distribution by sex and age periods of the average number for all industries-combined see " Explanation of terms." The table shows that in 1914, 79 per cent of the wage earners were men, a slightly greater proportion than that shown for 1909, but a decrease as compared with 1904. There has been an increase in the relative nmnber of women employed at each successive census, since 1904 and a decrease in the wage earners under 16 years of age. The decrease, though slight, indi- cates the increasing tendency to reduce child labor. Of the 26 industries shown in the table, 13 reported more wage earners for 1914 than 1909. Female wage earners predominate in estabhshments engaged in the^ manufacture of fancy and paper boxes, men's clothing,, women's clothing, confectionery, and patent medi- cines and compoimds. Sixteen industries show in- creases over 1909 in the proportion of males employed and 11 in the proportion of females. Only three industries show increases in the proportion of wage earners under 16 years of age, and the largest of these increases is but 1.3 per cent. Among the industries shown in the table, two reporting wage earners imder 16- years of age in 1909 reported none in this class in 1914. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of 13. cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified, according to age periods, and of those 16 years of age and over according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Statistics for Independence can not be shown separately without disclosing individual operations. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 7 Cape Girardeau.. Columbia Hannibal Jefferson City... Jopliu Kansas City. Moberly St. Charles.. St. Joseph . . . St. Louis. -- Sedalia Springfield. Webb City. AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDU.'^TRIES. Total. 1914 1909 1904 1,259 479 2,366 1,401 1,156 16,252 1,411 1,683 4,914 85,058 903 2,009 136 2,445 2 631 830 14,643 999 1,811 680 11,039 5,390 87,371 935 2,131 170 4,663 82, 698 974 2,158 16 years of age and over. Male. 1911 1,040 352 1,877 738 964 12,276 1,264 1,426 3,108 63,697 777 1.' 124 1909 2 450 659 10,841 860 65, 802 768 2,020 140 1904 ■ 1, 334 8,444 2,773 62, 626 754 2,042 Female. 1914 212 126 486 606 185 3,900 138 2.56 1,798 20, 159 120 117 6 1909 1904 642 2 171 168 1324 40 3,562 118 2,313 2,035 1,799 19, 105 163 98 24 16,772 207 62 Under 16 years of age. 1914 1,202 6 6 6' 1909 240 21 2,464 4 13 153 282 3,300 13 54 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 1914 82.6 73.5 79.3 52.7 83.4 75.5 89.6 84.7 63.2 74.9 86.0 93. 91.2 1909 73.9 69.1 79.4 74.0 86.1 .60.6 75.3 82.1 94.8 85.9 1904 59.5 75.7 77.4 94.6 Female. 1914 16.8 26.3 20.5 43.3 16.0 24.0 9.8 15.2 36.6 23.7 13.3 5.8 4.4 1909 22.2 26.3 20.2 24.3 11.8 37.8 21.9 17.4 4.6 14.1 1904 17.9 5.9 38.6 20.3 21.3 2.9 Under 16 years of age. 1914 0.6 0.2 0.1 4.1 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.2 L4 0.7 0.3 4.4 1909 4.6 0.4 1.6 2.1 1904 0.9- 2.6 1.6 2.0' 2.8 4.0' 0.4 1.3 0.6 2.5 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate- limits of the city. 2 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, as convicts employed in the penitentiary were included at that census but have been excluded in order to make ';alsco the totals comparable with those for 1904 and 1914. Male wage earners predominate in aU of the cities; only 3 of the 10 cities which were shown separately in 1909 reported a larger proportion of female wage earners in 1914, and 2 reported a larger proportion of children employed. Jefferson City, where the chief industries are the manufacture of boots and shoes and clothing, reported the largest proportion (43.3 per cent) Digitized by of female wage earners in 1914 and Webb City the largest proportion (4.4 per cent) of wage earners under 16 years of age. Three cities reported females as con- stituting less than 10 per cent of the wage earners. Of the total number of wage earners reported for the state, 55.9 per cent were employed in St. Louis. The number employed in the manufactures of the city Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 783 Increased 2.9 per cent, during the decade and decreased 2.6 per cent during the period 1909-1914. The num- ber of male wage earners reported for 1914 was a decrease of 3.2 per cent from the number for 1909, but the number of female wage earners increased by 5.5 per cent. The munber of children decreased by 51.2 per cent. Table 8 Hannibal. , Jefferson City. Joplin Kansas City. . Moberly St. Joseph. ■ St. Louis... Sedalia. . Springfield - Webb City. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1 Period. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 Total. 30.1 -3. 35. 434. 115. 70. 39. 22. 47. 11. 32. 184. 41. 15. ( 2.! -2.( 5.' -7.! -3.' -4.( -6.( -5.' -1.! -1.' -20.1 16 years of age and over. Male. Temale. 40.7 3.8 35.5 286.4 64.0 52.1 46.3 3.9 45.4 13.2 28.4 159.5 47.0 12.1 -4.9 17.9 1.7 -3.2 6.1 3.1 1.2 1.9 -7.6 -6.6 -1.1 2.5 -15.1 50.0 -10.3 67.3 254.4 68.6 9.5 54.0 16.9 -0.1 -11.6 13.1 20.2 5.5 13.9 -42.0 —26.4 —21.3 Under 16 years of age. -98.0 -37.'9 -73.0 -68.3 -14.9 -63.6 -51.2 -25.3 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted wbere base is less than 100. Kansas City reported 16,252 as the average number of wage earners in 1914 and shows an increase for each five-year period for both males and females but decreases in the number of children employed. Wage earners employed, by months. — Table 9 pre- sents, for aU industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January February... March April May June July August September. . October November.. December... ■WAGE EARNERS IN MANtTFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 151,293 151,799 155,240 156,968 155, 556 156, 296 156,263 155,366 154, 431 152,048 141,558 139,366 1909 141,268 145,022 148, 776 147,979 148,053 150, 028 150,969 157,351 163,514 161,110 161,540 160,294 190* 126, 243 127, 254 132,872 132,504 133,797 133, 738 131,943 136,800 138, 887 138,091 134,365 131,420 Per cent of maximum. 96. 96. 98. 100. 99. 99. 99. 99. 98. 96. 90. 88. 1909 91. 90. 90. 91. 92. 96. 100. 1904 90.9 91.8 95.7 95.4 96.3 96.3 95.0 98.5 100.0 99.4 96.7 94.6 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent -the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. For 1914 the spring and summer months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for April and the minimum for December of that year. In 1909 and 1904, however, the maximum number was employed in September and the minimum in January. The minimum number, in 1914, represented 88.8 per cent of the maximum; in 1909 the smallest number employed in any month represented 86.4 per cent of the largest nuBober. The greatest stability in employ- ment is shown for 1904, when the difference between the maximum and minimimi months was but 9.1 per cent of the maximum. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of 13 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Of the 19 industries for which statistics are given in the table, the greatest stability of employment is shown for printing and publishing, tobacco manufac- tures, steam-railroad repair shops, bakeries, and lum- ber and timber products. For none of these was the fluctuation greater than 10 per cent. The boot and shoe industry shows the greatest variation in number of wage earners employed, the smallest number rep- resenting 65.5 per cent of the largest. This is prob- ably due to the depression in the industry diiring 1914. Table 10 INDUSTRY AND CITT. ■WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Average number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. Febru- ary. March. April. May. Jime. July. August. Septem- ber. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All Industries .' Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages and waeons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies - 152, 182 151,293 151, 799 155, 240 156,968 155,556 156,296 156,263 155,366 154,431 152,048 141,558 139, see 14, 740 5,269 5,196 2,560 9,721 15,498 5,136 4,723 2,445 9,524 15, 769 5,097 2,619 9,iOB 16,334 5,104 4,997 2,664 9,504 16,667 5,133 5,457 2,998 9,602 15,908 B,05e 5,935 3,000 9,714 15, 455 5,130 5,968 2,940 9,911 Digitized by Ivlicrosoft^ 15,341 6,274 5,926 2,763 .0,173 13, 789 6,309 6,792 2,585 14,577 5,422 5,372 2,384 9,786 13,604 5,565 5,040 2,220 9,797 lO.Bie 5,529 4,771 2,142 9,799 13,022 5,473 4,247 s,oeo 9,437 8.S 65.6 90.9 9.1 8.7 784 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 10— Continued. DTOUSTKY AND CITY. Clothing, men's, including shirts 'Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Jlour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Glass Xiquors, malt Lumber and timber products Printing and publishiug .Slaughtering and meat packing •Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities > Cape Girakdeau Columbia Hannibal Jefferson City'. JOPLIN Kansas City MOBERLY St. Charles St. Joseph St. Louis Sedalia Springfield TVebb City WAGE earners: 19U. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldlace figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Average number em- ployed during year. 8,140 2,355 2,520 2,506 2,560 2,096 8,449 3,346 2,248 5,947 9,196 10,571 5,200 3,997 45,565 1,259 479 2,366 1,401 1,156 16,252 1,411 1,683 4,914 85,058 903 2,009 136 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative d^y . Janu- ary. 9,222 2,335 2,417 2,320 2,856 2,011 8,634 3,164 2,388 5,669 9,023 10, 768 5,473 S,841 43,846 H9,373 1,273 593 2,281 1,274 i,ose 15, 710 1,334 1,685 4,696 86,705 786 1,924 127 Febru- ary. 9,119 2,489 2,410 2,420 2,740 2,030 8,763 3,310 2,503 5,663 8,647 10, 844 5,223 4,062 44,662 120,830 1,302 572 2,285 1,366 1,106 15, 821 1,360 1,722 4,641 87, 840 793 1,896 126 March. 9,092 2,658 2,359 2,537 2,729 2,045 8,792 3,447 2,636 5,685 9,315 10, 938 5,218 4,092 45, 194 122,834 1,298 578 2,337 1,400 1,118 16,060 1,353 1,812 4,826 89, 175 792 1,962 April. 8,525 2,494 11,299 2,535 2,705 1,970 8,799 3,455 2,690 5,824 9,370 10, 800 5,033 4,044 46,568 124,341 1,330 548 2,387 1,454 1,146 16,245 l.SSO 1,746 , 4,809 90,433 786 1,999 128 May. 8,166 2,348 2,401 2,601 2,648 1,988 8,687 3,439 2,300 5,977 9,385 10,574 4,850 4,044 46,557 122,637 1,314 260 2,393 1,495 1,189 16,309 1,4U 1,688 4,843 88,725 784 2,093 133 June. 8,276 2,337 2,394 2,600 2,566 1,978 8,673 3,442 1,951 6,443 9,457 10, 461 5,147 4,075 47,084 July. 8,286 2,297 2,332 2,709 2,662 2,209 8,777 3,382 1,926 6,509 9,648 10,S14 5,108 4,029 46,693 122,512 1,305 477 2,409 1,530 1,206 17,014 1,393 1,696 4,930 87, 126 1,032 2,248 146 August. 8,178 2,337 2,517 2,700 2,540 2,230 8,761 3,432 1,839 6,454 9,184 10,372 4,678 3,946 48,735 119, 512^ 1,280 514 2,475 1,631 1,187 17, 114 1,429 1,831 5,074 83,743 1,075 2,114 145 Septem- ber. 2,543 2,902 2,664 2,320 2,244 8,543 3,409 1,884 6,025 9,073 10, 491 4,860 4,048 49,366 118, 483 1,266 534 2,439 1,502 1,198 16,564 1,469 1,867 5,139 83,251 1,083 2,027 144 Octo- ber. 6,903 2,419 3,020 2,503 2,382 2,206 7,854 3,367 2,493 5,821 9,317 10,499 5,512 4,056 47,470 116,641 1,184 504 2,376 1,387 1,164 16,241 1,614 1,757 6,350 82,080 999 1,941 144 Novem- ber. 7,519 2,046 2,620 2,295 2,298 2,126 7,639 3,253 2,125 5,726 9,208 10,382 6,669 S,837 41, 759 109,795 1,078 493 2,332 1,283 1,151 15,798 1,433 1,496 5,012 76,721 933 1,928 137 Decem- ber. 7,874 2,058 2,569 B,188 l,S74 2,137 7,566 S,06S 2,241 6,668 8,826 10,409 6,629 3,890 38,847 108,663 1,183 481 g,m 1,106 1,134 16,618 1,486 1,S70 4,804 76,373 926 1,843 137 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 70.7 79.9 76.1 79.6 87.6 85.7 88.3 68.4 85.5 90.6 94.3 82.5 93.8 78.7 87.3 81.1 32.7 88.3 72.2 90.0 90.7 87.8 73.4 85.9 84.5 72.4 82.0 84.2 1 Statistics for Independence can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Among the cities, Kansas City shows little change in employment from month to month, the minimum number being only 9.3 per cent less than the maxi- mum. Columbia shows the greatest fluctuation in number of wage earners employed, the minimum number being 32.7 per cent of the maximum. This condition is abnormal, because the boot and shoe industry, the largest in the city, reported but few wage earners for two months of the year. For the other cities, there was considerable stability of em- ployment during the entire year 1914. The fluctua- tion shown was greatest (72.2 per cent) for Jefferson City and least (90 per cent) for Joplia. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the aver- age number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establish- ments in which they were employed. A similar classi- fication is given for 1914 only, for all industries com- bined, in 13 cities having more than 10,000 inhabit- ants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. The figures in this table show a tendency toward a shorter working day. In 1914, 62.7 per cent of the wage earners reported, for all industries combined, were employed in establishments where the working Digitized by hours were 54 or less per week, compared with 46.2 per cent similarly employed in 1909. The largest percentage of wage earners, 31.2, was employed by establishments operated 54 hours per week. The pro- portion of wage earners employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were more than 54 but not more than 60 decreased 33.3 per cent during the period 1909-1914.' For the industries shown separately in the table, the manufacture of men's clothing and women's clothing, malt liquors, and printing and pubUshing show a majority of the wage earners employed in establishments working less than 54 hours per week. The boot and shoe industry, including cut stock and findings, which employs more wage earners than any other industry in the state, shows no establishment in which the working hours were more than 60 per week. The bakeries reported 60.5 per cent of the wage earners in establishments operating 60 hours in 1909, while in 1914, 64.4 per cent were employed in establishments operating 54 hours per week. The steam-railroad repair shops and flour-mills and gristmills are the only industries showing, for 1914, a considerable number of wage earners in estabhshments operating more than 60 hours per week, and these reported but 20.7 per cent and 38.7 per cent, respec- tively, so employed. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 785 Table 11 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Boots and shoes, including out stock and findings. Bread and other balcery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators Glass.. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. ■ . Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities'. Cafe GntABDEAu. colombia Hannibal Jetfebson City. .. JOPUN Kansas City. MOBEBLY St. Chables.. St. Joseph St. Louis Sedalia..,.. SPBINGriELD. Webb City.. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 avekage number of wage eaenees. Total. 152, 182 152,993 14,740 17,396 5,269 4,743 5,196 6,137 2,660 3,302 9,721 8,121 8,140 7,994 2,365 2,750 2,520 1,882 2,506 2,637 2,560 1,060 2,096 2,198 8,449 7,443 3,346 3,427 2,248 1,755 5,947 5,646 9,196 13,522 10,571 10,790 S,200 4,674 3,997 4,453 45,565 43,063 119,027 1,259 479 2,366 1,401 ,1,156 16,252 1,411 1,683 4,914 85,068 903 2,009 136 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 28,576 23,276 123 4 485 252 13 82 96 471 2,658 1,397 2,190 2,174 454 134 38 472 693 27 116 119 642 200 841 488 5,226 4,765 610 1,155 7,650 6,457 1,158 5,108 3,517 106 124 203 231 4,197 997 24 1,609 17,337 174 160 19,252 10,671 881 496 181 172 5 501 182 169 4,919 3,024 1,069 966 796 123 537 128 424 239 5 6 623 661, 485 392 448 102 1,125 720 1,358 974 130 118 5,030 2,956 17,392 4 4 264 21 2,212 4 879 13,896 ""ios 54. 47,528 36,711 6,349 2,464 3,392 1,122 709 283 363 881 4,807 5,237 952 2,180 1,158 761 432 1,751 636 104 32 5,279 4,661 1,003 727 37 789 1,198 1,677 1,283 1,883 805 1,960 2,854 81 14, 122 10,065 40,444 194 316 811 5 285 4,694 346 19 1,371 30,559 546 1,212 Between 54 and 60. 20,480 6,993 9,917 147 215 1,094 1,732 921 417 76 503 417 237 568 860 52 150 656 664 224 502 7 635 223 155 856 1,834 59 4 J2,S32 6,143 8,981 14,380 645 1,040 794 432 1,596 394 7,735 9 64 60. Between 60 and 72. 29,786 46,446 394 5,011 589 2,870 3,148 3,940 679 1,220 40 494 799 41 ■613 1,049 949 1,249 1,357 735 1,570 1,754 66 78 5,527 9,677 212 614 1,746 2,650 464 12,011 14, 193 18, 176 327 14 333 106 131 40 28 519 14,039 157 362 22 4,573 3,350 135 66 33 130 1,977 647 557 368 1,066 116 100 67 1,655 966 2,676 32 15 48 13 40 1,193 13 8 16 1,197 2 72. Over 72. 653 1,737 62 251 709 363 102 1 241 577 262 1,334 1,868 8 16 21 13 1,255 1,808 479 6 14 2 16 2,^ 192 11 8 27 99 165 130 15 4 > statistics for Independence can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. In 8 of the 13 cities shown, the majority of the wage earners are employed in estabhshments operating 54 hours or less per week. In 1914 St. Louis, Kansas City, and St. Joseph reported 72.6 per cent, 68.3 per cent, and 78.5 per cent, respectively, of the wage earners employed in establishments operating 54 hours or less per week. For these cities the proportions of wage earners in establishments operating more than 82101°— 18 50 r>. ■-■ , , Digitized by 60 hours were 1.8 per cent, 8.7 per cent, and 2.9 per cent, respectively. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manufac- tures in Missouri were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Thirteen cities in Missouri, in 1914, having an esti- mated population of 10,000 or more, contained 38 per Microsoft® 786 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. cent of the total estimated poptilation for the state, 55.2 per cent of the total number of establishments, 78.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, 75.5 per cent of the total value of products, and 83.8 per cent of the value added by manufacture. In accepting the statistics in this table, it must be remembered that Cape Girardeau, Columbia, and St. Charles, which had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, were included in those for the outside districts at prior censuses; also that Jefferson City, Moberly, and Webb City, which had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1909, were in- cluded in the statistics for the outside districts in 1900. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CTTIE3 HA VINO A POPULAHON OF 10,000 OR OVER. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVINO A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. POPULATION OP 10,000 OE OVER.I Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 13 10 7 1,280,715 1,150,840 919,270 4,633 4,247 3,662 119,027 115,665 84,165 $481,861,939 427,078,288 238,424,508 208,835,584 181,522,835 111,166,471 38.0 34.9 29.6 ■ 55.2 60.7 53.4 78.2 75.5 78.1 75.5 74.4 75.4 83.8 82.6 84.1 8 6 3 109,892 70,753 61,278 318 232 202 9,638 5,200 3,857 $31,217,914 16,734,760 7,415,910 12,471,948 5,945,511 3,015,240 3.3 2.1 1.9 3.8~ 2.8 2.9 6.3 3.4 3; 6 4.9 2.9 2.3 B.0 2.7 2.3 3 3 1 154,245 144,677 26,023 . 476 446 45 8,079 8,351 682 *'^, 210, 746 27,143,705 ■ 2,325,218 10,717,276 10,684,506 769,037 4.6 4.4 0.8 5.7 6.3 0.6 5.3 5.5 0.6 4.6 4.7 0.7 4.3 4.9 0.6 2 2 3 1,016,578 935,410 841,969 3,839 3,569 3,415 101,310 102,014 79,626 $421,433,279 383,199,823 228,683,380 186,646,360 164,892,818 107,372,194 Population ^ 3,372,886 3,293,335 3,106,665 8,386 8,375 6,853 152,182 152,993 107,704 $637,952,128 574,111,070 316,304,095 249,237,269 219,699,919 132,115,065 30.1 28.4 27.1 45.8 42.6 49.8 66.6 66.7 73.9 66.1 66.7 72.3 74.5 74.9 81.3 2,092,171 2,142,495 2,187,395 3,753 4 128 3,191 33,155 37,428 23,539 $156,090,189 147,032,782 77,879,687 40,401,685 38,177,084 20.958,684 62.0 66.1 70.4 44.8 49.3 46.6 21.8 24.5 21.9 24.5 Number of establishments Average number of wage earners- Value added by manufacture 25.6 24.6 16.2 17.4 U.9 1 Includes Independence, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ! Census estimate of population for 1914. The value of products of the urban districts increased 102.1 per cent during the 15 years shown in the table; while the rural districts increased 100.4 per cent. Notwithstanding the increase in the number of places included in the urban districts, no marked changes occurred in the proportion contributed by these urban districts to the totals for the several items shown. The relative importance in manufactures of each of 13 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as meas- ured by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904 is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their rank, as measured by value of products in 1914. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALXTE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 St. Louis KareasCity St. Joseph 85,058 16, 252 4,914 1,401 2,366 2,009 1,156 1,683 1,259 1,411 903 479 136 87,371 14,643 5,390 1651 2,445 2,131 830 82,698 11,039 4,663 "'i,'8ii' 2,158 680 8360,479,868 60,953,411 17,067,642 8,086,920 6,214,645 6,192,954 5,950,150 4,993,624 3,888,376 3,136,734 2,921,686 1,269,702 708,227 $328,495,313 54,704,510 17,625,682 5,445,518 6,195,129 5,382,098 4,135,925 $267,307,038 35,573,049 11,573,720 Hannibal Springfield 3,563,842 5,293,315 St. Charles Cape Girardeau . . Moberly 999 , 935 "■■■974" 1,983,971 2,333,072 1,691,727 Columbia Webb City 170 777,070 ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, -.■^^.^■, penitentiary were included at that census, but have been exclft the totals comparable with those for 1904 an d 1914. Each of the cities, for which comparable figures are given, except St. Joseph and Webb City, show in- creases in value of products for the period 1909-1914. The highest per cent of increase, 58.1, is shown for Moberly. St. Louis, the most important city of the state, ranks fifth in value of manufactured products among the cities of the United States. In 1914 its manufactur- ing industries gave employment to 55.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and the value of its products formed 56.5 per cent of the total value of manufactured products fo^ the state. The leading industries are slaughtering and meat packing, printing and pubhshing, the manufacture of malt liquors, steam-raihoad cars, boots and shoes, tobacco, and foundry and machine-shop products. Kansas City, the second city in the state, increased 11.4 per cent in value of products and 11 per cent in number of wage earners employed for the period 1909-1914. The principal industries are printing and pubhshing, the manufacture of flour-miU and grist- mill products, foundry and machine-shop products, bakery products, and bags, other than paper. St. Joseph, the third city in importance, shows 3.2 per cent of the total number of wage earners reported by the state and 2.7 per cent of the total value of products. The chief industries are slaughtering and meat packing, printing and publishing, confectionery, l^tel^®&fP^ gristmill products, butter, men's cloth- ing, boots and shoes, and saddlery and harness. MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 787 Jeflferson City shows an increase of $2,641,402, or 48.5 per cent, in value of products for the five-year period 1909-1914. The principal industries are manu- facturing boots and shoes and men's clothing. The manufacture of boots and shoes was the leading industry in Cape Girardeau, Columbia, Hannibal, Moberly, and St. Charles, while the flour-miU and grist- mill industry was important in Hannibal, Joplin, Springfield, and Webb City. The leading industry in Joplin was smelting and refining, lead; in St. Charles, the manufacture of steam-railroad cars, by other than railroad companies; and in Sedalia, the killing and dressing of poultry. The construction and repairs of cars by steam-railroad companies is an important in- dustry in Hannibal, Moberly, Sedalia, and Springfield. St. louis metropolitan district. — The St. Louis metropolitan district, which was the seventh in im- portance in the United States in manufacturing in- dustries in 1914, embraces 197,817 acres of territory, of which 39,100 acres constitute the area of St. Louis and 158,717 acres, the area of the outside district. The estimated population of the district, on July 1, 1914, was 905,024; that of St. Louis was 734,667; East St. Louis, 69,502; and Granite City, 13,647; for the remainder of the district it was 87,208. The metropohtan district includes, in addition to the city of St. Louis, Carondelet and Central Town- ships and Kirkwood City in Bonhomme Township in St. Louis County, Mo.; East St. Louis City, and Can- teen, CenterviUe, and Stites Townships in St. Clair County, and Granite City, and Nameoki and Venice Townships in Madison County, 111. The following is an outline map of the metropolitan district in 1914: Summary for the district. — ^Table 14 summarizes for 1914 the statistics of manufacturing industries and gives the estimated population in 1914 for each of the three cities and for the remainder of the district, with the percentage St. Louis forms of the total for the district. Table 14 Population ■ Number of establishments Feisons engaged Proprietors and finn members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including imemal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture ST. LOUIS METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. The district. $399, 94, 28, 66, 1 is: 299: 493, 194, 905,024 3,090 129,329 2,110 20,431 106,788 240, 718 841,035 810,044 322, 1S4 487,890 258,505 037,465 003,228 219, 710 216,482 St. Louis. 734,667 2,787 104,187 1,900 17,229 85,058 169,982 J314,728,289 75, 123, 125 23,973,344 51,149,781 1,111,623 14,378,361 203,806,296 360,479,868 156,673,572 District exclusive of St. Louis. Total. East St. Louis. Granite City. Remainder. 170,367 303 25,142 210 3,202 21, 730 70, 736 S85, 112, 746 19,686,919 4,348,810 15,338,109 146, 882 659,104 95,196,932 132,739,842 37, 54!?, 910 69,502 125 6,796 70 863 5,863 18,183 $28,321,596 5,603,197 1,233,998 4,369,199 46,700 354, 140 17,423,426 26,904,565 9, 481, 139 13,647 39 5,698 48 560 5,090 17,556 $18,866,840 4,879,512 872,377 4,007,136 161,887 9, 845; 272 17,903,162 8,057,890 87,208 139 12,648 92 1,779 10,777 34,997 837,924,310 9,204,210 2,242,435 6,961,775 100, 182 143,077 67,928,234 87,932,115 20,003,881 Per cent St. Louis is of total for dis- trict. 81.2 90.2 80.6 90.0 84.3 79.7 70.6 78.7 79.2 84.6 76.9 88.3 95.6 68.2 73.1 80.7 ' Kstimated population July 1, 1914. In 1914 the St. Louis metropohtan district had 3,090 manufactuxing establishments which gave employ- ment .to 129,329 persons during the year and paid $94,810,044 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 106,788 were wage earners. The estabhsh- ments manufactured products to the .value of $493,- 219,710, to produce which materials costing $299,003,- 228 were utilized. The value added by manufacture was thus $194,216,482. In this district the greater part of the value of man- ufactured products was reported by factories in the central city. St. Louis contained over four-fifths of the population of the district of which it is the manufac- turing, commercial, and financial center. Its manu- facturing estabhshments constituted over nine-tenths of all in the district and gave employment to nearly four-fifths of the average number of wage earners and contributed nearly three-fourths of the value of the Digitized by Microsdft® 788 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. manufactured products for the district. The principal industries of East St. Ijouis in 1914 were the manufac- ture of flour-mill and gristmill products and chemicals, and slaughtering and meat packing. For Granite City, the manufacture of babbitt metal and solder, glucose and starch, iron and steel works and rolling-mill prod- ucts, and stamped and enameled ware, are the more important industries, Oomparison with earlier censuses. — Table 15 gives the statistics for the St. Louis metropolitan district as a whole for 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase for the five-year period. The table shows an increase for the five-year period in every item shown. The population iucreased prac- tically 10 per cent and the number of estabhshments 4.7 per cent, while the value of products increased 14.7 per cent. Large increases were shown for number of salaried employees and their salaries, these beiag 14.3 per cent and 25.2 per cent, respectively. Though the number of wage earners increased but little, the wages increased 11.7 per cent. Table 15 Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Eent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture ST. LOUIS METKOPOLITAN DISTRICT. Number or amount. 1911 '905,024 3,090 129,329 2,110 20,431 106,788 240,718 $399,841,035 94,810,044 28,322,154 66,487,890 1,258,505 15,037,465 299,003,228 493,219,710 194,216,482 1909 828,733 2,951 126,453 2,045 17,873 106,535 213,405 $356,356,256 82,157,263 22,612,726 69,544,637 266,552,373 430,170,244 163,617,871 Per cent of increafie, 1909-1914. '9.2 4.7 2.3 3.2 14.3 0.2 12.8 12.2 15.4 26.2 11.7 12.2 14.7 18.7 ' Estimated population July 1, 1914. ' Apr. 15, 1910. Comparative summary, by mdwsines.— Statistics for such of the industries in the district that can be shown separately and have products valued at $1,600,000 or more in 1914, are given in Table 16, for 1914 and 1909. Table 16 All industries - Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Chemicals Clothins, men'.s, including shirts . - . Clothing, women's Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products... Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products ST. LOUIS METROPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914 AND 1909. Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 3,090 2,951 116 11 513 484 158 115 126 112 ■16 26 121 185 176 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 10,260 13,006 423 325 3,706 3,476 3,967 4,693 2,007 2,608 1,130 774 5,665 5,246 2,593 2,745 1,093 1,091 1,726 1,453 3,033 3,632 1,728 912 314 423 355 1 Excludes statistics tor estabhshments located oi ,_ establishments are included under the head of "all other indu! Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. 527 475 106 113 ried em- ploy- ees. 209 217 308 355 303 206 132 105 248 159 Wage earners (aver- age num- ber.) 1,696 784 602 5,091 4,751 2,271 2,439 1,472 1,222 2,619 3,164 259 136 290 246 438 382 7,105 6,610 Pri- mary horse- power. 8,442 2,098 3,173 1,389 1,770 879 581 438 1,808 1,886 1,320 823 2,759 2,031 1,400 650 1,842 780 3,725 4,082 1,843 946 15,335 .1LC09 Capital. 1,688,063 620,371 22,886,292 10, 562, 837 1, 639, 448 963, 035 7, 228, 432 7,240,585 12,906,147 14,522,242 4, 226, 308 5,209,760 5, 581, 501 3, 872, 062 5,300,692 5, 419, 636 2, 004, 996 2,050, 468 5, 123, 203 4,547,171 2, 440, 544 1,747,211 7,190,479 6, 632, 822 3,418,417 1,523,842 1,318,160 912,025 3, 520, 745 2,252,576 1, 642, 107 2,377,416 21, 917, 057 17, 581,g0 Salaries. $28,322,154 22, 612, 726 175,190 61,895 2,073,130 990,893 130,453 76, 162 585,435 483, 727 462,805 334, 718 362,377 514, 105 322, HI 711,906 581, 726 371,884 301, 456 840, 767 697,362 339, 773 349, 724 497, 699 428, 466 409,800 265, 414 63, 332 68,375 235,858 152, 634 326,031 206, 776 1,948,485 1, 415, 475 Wages. $66,487,890 59,544,637 327:286 197,452 4, 453, 136 6, 169, 631 236,961 179,661 1,518,861 1, 287, 883 2,066,174 2,215,674 1, 145, 462 1,261,795 458,546 322, 450 2,184,231 1, 966, 168 1,062,309 1, 021, 016 273, 729 268, 406 520,252 512, 420 1,502,705 1, 580, 170 827,542 380, 114 132, 283 62,153 196,253 144,915 194,282 169,722 4, 855, 694 4,239,599 Cost of materials. $299,003,228 266, 552, 373 1,029,641 726, 798 22,630,162 23,735,168 2,399,021 1,631,835 5,213,956 4,992,567 1,339,101 1, 460, 989 3,129,166 3, 867, 741 3,959,921 2,196,698 5,861,020 5,382,012 2,947,322 2,901,808 9, 163, 185 7,217,065 2,146,740 2,174,939 4,466,931 4,851,264 1, 228, 572 636,129 1,035,586 . 384, 450 7,504,444 5,853,913 5,110,690 3, 498, 913 8, 994, 240 8, 125, 592 Value of products. 31,048,945 33,970,372 2,936,923 2,164,768 9,998,339 9,047,142 4,733,826 5, 608, 855 5,155,675 6, 401, 405 6, 471, 061 3, 535, 410 10, 272, 765 9. 687. 421 5,363,268 4,886,062 11,971,901 9, 613, 695 3, 689, 785 3. 848. 422 8,266,351 8,018,879 3,275,247 2,080,635 1,604,136 638,439 8,775,455 6, 678, 904 6,206,618 4, 454, 774 18, 450, 717 I 17,338,198 I Value added by manu- facture. $194,216,482 163,617,871 851,937 575,485 8,418,783 10,235,204 537,902 532,933 4,784,383 4.054,575 3,394,725 4,147,866 2,026,509 2,533,664 2, 511, 140 1, 338, 712 4, 411, 745 4,305,409 2,405,946 1,984,244 2, 808, 716 2,296,530 1,443,046 1, 673, 483 3, 798, 420 3,167,615 2,046,675 1,444,606 568,650 253,989 1,271,011 724,991 1,096,028 955,861 9,456,477 9,212,606 83, L 1, 107 6^10 .1J,C09 17, 581, fflOl 1, 415, 475 4,239,599 8,125,592 17,338,198 1 9,212,606 '{oiiZ&&>T£ii^wmll^^QSQlto^&>id disclosure of individual operations. The figures for these MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI . 789 Table 16— Continued. Furniture and refrigerators Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods Liquors, malt : Lumber and timber products Faint and varnish Fatent medicines and compounds and dniggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Wirework, including wire rope and cable. ST. LOUIS METROPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914 AND 1909 — Continued. Cen- sus year. All other industries . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 162 '65 126 123 131 199 375 29 11 13 110 19 1,012 1, 013 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 3,224 3,310 5,994 6,293 1,136 1,204 5,757 5,598 2,910 3,574 812 1,691 1,626 8,431 ^,685 7,372 6,354 796 837 2,373 2,048 863 832 40, 103 36, 022 Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. 246 652 722 Sala- ried em- ploy- ees. 433 406 491 579 260 223 582 589 341 420 294 270 677 2,554 2,258 1,024 976 281 457 373 145 143 5,706 4,896 earners (aver- age num- ber). 2,772 2,882 5,503 5,714 851 960 5,175 5,009 2,538 3,118 515 598 918 862 5,569 6,181 6,331 5,359 521 554 1,916 1,673 712 683 33, 745 30,404 Pri- mary horse- power. 5,030 5,163 19,707 21,004 528 26,876 26, 102 11,436 10, 077 2,363 2,139 6,866 5,844 13, 472 13, 148 954 3,029 1,826 1,521 853 94, 657 78, 829 Capital. $5, 551, 129 5,689,684 20, 372, 214 19, 921, 785 2,215,135 2,292,601 59, 553, 140 47, 252, 731 5, 994, 180 7, 121, 163 4, 792, 101 4, 661, 187 5,000,517 4, 506, 796 12, 999, 862 13, 138, 946 21, 065, 173 18, 107, 879 3,086,373 2, 657, 965 9, 019, 131 7,254,137 3, 298, 609 2, 241, 838 136,860,880 133, 474, 265 Salaries. $583,608 504,488 884,399 591, 813 312, 868 271, 519 1,349,436 1,128,556 491, 331 496, 848 428, 174 398, 199 1,045,980 879, 642 3, 275, 771 2, 859, 936 1,210,891 1,057,528 267, 069 232,537 720, 759 635,244 343, 654 247, 129 7, 258, 264 6, 080, 201 Wages. $1,666,364 1, 620, 135 4,617,395 3, 444, 688 539, 659 514,931 4,334,784 2, 484, 681 1, 492, 681 1,852,297 337, 308 315,048 432, 761 364,259 4, 161, 296 4, 051, 105 3,882,978- 3,065,827 279,289 271, 640 1,335,670 1, 198, 582 350, 745 364, 932 21, 101, 254 18,017,183 Cost of material. Value of products. $2, 703, 287 2, 735, 029 6, 152, 193 6,264,040 1, 542, 384 1, 629, 336 5,935,352 6, 691, 627 3,145,111 4,432,065 3,216,971 3, 738, 225 2, 498, 266 2,280,680 5,259,536 5,258,278 90, 830, 907 74,920,220 2,810,820 3, 054, 197 2,718,873 2,457,524 1,179,945 1,697,227 82, 849, 985 71, 756, 044 Value added by manufac- ture. $6, 019, 679 6, 110, 965 13, 774, 438 12, 037, 791 3,197,472 3, 108, 131 28,220,374 24, 191, 737 6, 050, 692 8, 197, 133 5, 002, 918 5,564,021 7, 821, 239 6, 846, 391 18, 529, 268 17, 785, 074 104, 168, 190 81, 903, 483 4, 919, 685 4, 71 8, .552 7, 478, 760 6,923,388 3,264,732 3,323,043 144,780,773 121, 384, 981 $3,316,392 3,375,936 7, 622, 245 5, 773, 751 1,655,088 1,478,795 22, 285, 022 17)500,110 2, 905, 481 3, 766, 068 1,785,947 1, 825, 796 5, 322, 973 4, 665, 711 13,269,732 12, 526, 796 13, 337, 283 2, 108, 865 1, 664, 355 4, 759, 887 3,465,864 2, 084, 787 1, 625, 816 61,930,788 49, 628, 937 1 Excludes statistics for establishments located outside of the corporate limits of St. Louis, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures for these establishments are included under the head of "all other industries." Fourteen of the industries, for which statistics are shown in the table, comprise estabhshments inside the corporate limits of St. Louis. Eight of these industries, however, operated to some extent outside of the city proper, but the reports for such establish- ments have been included with "all other industries," in order to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The manufacture of brass and bronze j)roducts, boots and shoes, men's clothing, soap, stoves and furnaces, and the roasting and grinding of coffee and spice, were confined t6 'establishments located within the corporate limits of' the city. Totals for all industries combined show an increase in every item for the five-year period, 1909-1914. Considerable increases are shown for the value of products in a majority of the industries. Slaughter- ing and meat packing, the most important industry as measured by value of products, shows the greatest actual increase, $22,264,707, or 27.2 per cent; while the greatest relative increase is shown for fertilizers, 151.3 per cent. The increases in the manufacture of chemicals, and electrical machinery and apparatus and supplies, were in each case more than 50 per cent. Several prominent industries are not shown in this table, in order to avoid disclosure of individual opera- tions; among them are those manufacturing bags, other than paper; electric and steam railroad cars; cement; gas; glucose and starch; cc Character of ownership. — Table 17 presents statis- tics in respect to character, of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for the selected industries, statistics for 1914. and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries com- bined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries and the city of Independence from this table. This table shows for all industries that, while the estabhshments under the corporate form of ownership were less than 30 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, they employed more than five-sixths of the wage earners and reported more than nine- tenths of the total value of products in 1914. In 1909 the percentages were 29.2 per cent, 85.3 per cent, and 88.6 per cent, respectively. The form of ownership prevailing in the individual industries shows much variation. The boot and shoe factories and the breweries were owned almost exclusively by corporations, and 60 per cent or more of the men's clothing, furniture-manufacturing, and slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshments were under this form of ownership. A majority of the estabhshments engaged in printing and pubhshing and l#©r®®G)#ii)'Ure of bakery and lumber and timber 790 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. case the average number of wage earners and value of products for those operated by corporations formed more than 60 per cent of the total for the industry. This predominates in the bakery industry, where 874, or 83.8 per cent, out of a total of 1,043 estabhshments in 1914, were owned by individuals, but they gave employment to only 26.8 per cent of the total num- ber of wage earners and their products formed only 28.9 per cent of the total value of products for the industry. Table 17 Cen- sus year. nxtmbee of establishments OWNED BY— AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by— Percent of total. Total. Of establishmente owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All" oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals, Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 4,346 4,335 3,316 2,501 2.447 1,847 1,539 1,593 1,301 152, 182 152,993 133,167 12,832 13,755 13,776 133,110 130,514 109,821 6,240 8,724 9,570 8.4 9.0 10.3 87.5 85.3 82.5 4.1 5.7 7.2 J637,952,12S 574,111,070 439,548,957 $40,542,260 38, 121,. 588 33,642,863 $574, 836, 664 122, 573, 204 508,781,173; 27,228,329 379,405,293 28,»00,801 6.4 6.6 7.7 90.1 88.6 86.3 3.5 4.7 6.0 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings . 4 5 50 51 ..... 14,740 17,396 19 34 14,721 17,091 271 0.1 0.2 99.9 98.2 "i.'e 52,522,006 48,751,235 82,741 75,418 52,439,265 0.2 0.2 99.8 98.5 48,028,905 648,912 1.3 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 874 820 39 47 130 87 5,269 4,743 1,414 1,193 3,508 3,382 349 168 26.8 25.2 66.5 71.3 6.8 3.5 19,940,499 18,523,826 5,771,880 5,159,331 12,766,632 12,702,722 1,402,087 661,773 38.9 27.9 64.0 68.6 7.0 3.6 Carriages and wagons and materials. . 1914 1909 120 109 50 64 53 70 2,560 3,302 383 417 2,029 2,517 148 368 15.0 12.6 79.3 78.2 5.8 11.1 6,850,955 8,468,856 779,822 721,434 6,678,839 6,979,880 392,294 767,642 11.4 8.5 82.9 82.4 5.7 9.1 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 19 21 59 50 12 13 8,140 7,994 200 276 7,716 7,583 224 135 2.5 3.4 94 8 94.9 2.8 1.7 17,300,109 15,407,193 329, 122 406,541 16,432.812 14,595,652 5.38,175 405,000 1.9 2.6 95.0 94.7 3.1 2.0 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 ■284 309 152 159 205 212 2,096 2,198 393 414 1,345 1,384 358 400 18.7 18.8 64.2 63.0 17.1 18.2 38,886,309 44,508,106 4,328,928 5,157,588 27,838,468 32,512,754 6,518,913 6,837,764 11.2 11.6 72.0 73.0 16.8 15.4 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 106 110 195 181 55 38 8,449 7,443 440 494 7,765 6,485 244 464 5.2 6.6 91.9 87.1 2.9 8.2 22.270,635 19,975,149 1,090,004 1,292,878 20,480,093 17,750,947 720,538 931,324 4.9 6.5 91.9 88.9 3.2 4.7 Furniture and refrigera- tors. 1914 1909 31 31 61 59 8 9 3,34"! 3,427 236 294 3,063 2,979 47 154 7.1 8.6 91.5 86.9 1.4 4.5 7,608,343 7,380,091 611,876 610,278 6,995,093 6,-472,122 1(H,374 297,691 6.7 8.3 91.9 87.7 1.3 4.0 Liquors, malt . . 1914 1909 4 27 1 2 5,947 123 1 22 5,924 0.4 0.4 99.6 99.6 31,801,404 27,446,504 18,398,838 23,280,926 1125,627 1112,707 2,640,206 4,094,764 31,675,777 27,333,797 13,915,173 16,918,882 0.4 0.4 99.6 99.6 5,624 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 570 633 157 179 229 286 9,198 13,522 1,680 3,268 6,435 8,358 1,081 1,896 18.3 24.2 70.0 61.8 11.7 14.0 1,841,459 2,247,280 14.4 17.6 75.6 72.7 10.0 9.7 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 805 772 313 303 235 247 10,571 10,790 2,148 2,154 7,708 7,809 ■717 827 20.3 20.0 72.9 72.4 6.8 7.6 33,173,414 29,651,153 8,378,265 5,794,603 25,079,967 22,013,459 1,715,182 1,843,091 19.2 19.6 75.6 74.2 5.2 6.2 Slaughtering and meat packing. - 1914 1909 10 15 24 22 6 8 5.200 4,874 28 35 5,139 4,604 33 . 35 0.5 0.7 98.8 98.5 0.6 0.7 92,080,499 79,581,294 392,938 548, 268 91, 192, 177 78,222,015 475,384 811,011 0.4 0.7 99.1 98.3 0.5 1.0 Total for cities 2 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2,151 1,879 603 119,027 8,145 107,254 3,828 6.8 90.1 3.1 481,881,939 28,181,665 440,596,973 13,083,301 5.8 91.4 2.7 Cape Gibaedeau Columbia.. . 16 10 23 14 49 20 8 27 21 30 6 4 16 15 1,259 479 2,386 1,401 47 29 62 64 1,179 413 2,232 1,300 889 • 33 37 72 37 3.7 6.1 2.6 4.6 12 8 93.6 86.2 -94.3 92.8 76.9 2.6 7.7 3.0 2.6 10.3 3,888,376 1,269,702 6,214,645 8,086,920 5,950,150 60,953,411 3,136,734 4,993,624 17,067,642 380,479,868 2,921,686 6,192,954 706,227 159,058 70,056 172,360 127,552 375,548 3,638,312 1,168,023 5,434,799 7,790,078 5,056,708 48,421,112 2,970,643 ■ 4,919,808 15,229,836 339,678,539 2,434,887 5,263,353 602,897 91,006 43,623 807,486 169,292 517,896 4.1 5.5 2.8 1.8 6.3 93.6 91.0 87.5 96.3 85.0 2.3 3.4 9.8 Jefferson City 2.1 8.7 Kansas City 1914 1914 1914 1914 508 15 7 131 369 12 9 175 3 3 16,252 1,411 1,683 4,914 85,058 903 2,009 136 2,489 37 23 12,778 1,362 1,654 987 12 6 15.3 2.6 1.4 78.6 96.5 98.3 88 9 6.1 0.9 0.4 4.3 9,767,165 133,724 54,945 1,197,631 15,221,438 355,035 478,307 68,848 4,765,134 32,367 18,871 640,175 5,579,891 131,784 451,294 34,482 16.0 4.3 1.1 7.0 76.2 94.7 98.5 89.2 7.8 MOBERLY 1.0 0.4 3.8 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,288 39 43 8 1,215 19 42 7 284 11 24 5 4,818 108 154 34 78,465 757 1,768 92 1,975 - 40 89 10 5.4 11.7 7.7 25.0 92.2 83.8 87.9 67.6 2.3 4.4 4.4 7.4 4.2 12.2 7.7 9.7 94.2 83.3 85.0 85.4 1.6 Sir.nAT.TA 4.5 7.3 Webb City 4.9 1 Includes the group "all others.' 2 Statistics for Independence can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. For the cities as a whole, 40.6 per cent of the estab- hshments were under the corporate form of ownership, and they gave employment to 90.1 per cent of the wage earners and their products formed 91.4 per cent of the totals for all establishments in these cities. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in, large estabhsh- ments or the reverse is indicated by the statistics given in Table 18. It wiU be seen from this table that in 1914 only 104, or 1.2 per cent, of the 8,386 establishments in the state turned out products valued at more than $1,000,000. These estabhshments, however, employed an average of 53,486 wage earners, or 35.1 per cent of the total, and reported 51.7 per cent of the total value of products and 43.7 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. On the other hand, the very small estabhshments — that is, those having products valued at less than $5,000 — although constituting 43.1 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only 1.3 per cent of the total value of products. More than five-sixths of the value of products and three-fourths of the wage earners and value added by manufacture were reported by establishments having products valued at $100,000 or more. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 791 The table shows that dtiring the five years from 1909 to 1914, there was a considerable increase, as measured by both value of products and valu6 added by manufacture, in the relative importance of the largest establishments — ^those reporting products val- ued at not less than $1,000,000 — ^and a decrease in that of each of the other classes. A similar change took place between 1904 and 1909, with slight excep- tions which occxir in those groups having products valued at less than $20,000. Talil« 18 . VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER or ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8,386 8,375 6,464 152,182 152,993 133,167 $637,952,128 $574,111,070 $439,548,957 $249,237,269 $219,699,919 $187,290,540 Less tlian I5.00O 3,611 2,512 1,449 710 104 3,649 2,505 1,444 683 94 2,524 1,983 1,304 585 68 3,911 10,152 23,127 61,506 53,486 5,107 10,999 23,948 64,791 48, 148 3,542 10,060 23,756 60,886 34,923 8,426,604 25,006,975 65,177,199 209,474,054 329,867,296 8,272,292 25,001,039 65,057,234 204,184,575 271,595,930 6,055,336 20,344,366 56,375,635 167,436,866 189,336,754 5,352,461 14,351,718 33,028,026 87,704,685 108,800,379 5,293,990 14,249,566 32,157,387 84,656,927 83,342,049 4,077,458 11,879,553 29,100,054 76,028,084 66,205,391 16,000 to |20,'00O 120 000 to $100.000 J100,000tojl,000,000 J1,000,000 and over. PEE CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 Less tlian $5,000 43.1 30.0 17.3 a5 1.2 43.6 29.9 17.2 8.2 1.1 39.0 30.7 20.2 9.0 1.1 2.6 6.7 15.2 40.4 35.1 3.3 7.2 15.7 42.3 31.5 2.7 7.6 17.8 45.7 26.2 1.3 3.9 10 2 1.4 4.4 11.3 35.6 47.3 1.4 4.6 12.8 38.1 43.1 2.1 5.8 13.3 35.2 43.7 2.4 6.5 14.6 38.6 37.9 2 2 $5 000 to $20,000 6 3 $20 000 to $100,000 15 5 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over. 32.8 51.7 4a 6 35.3 Table 19 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for ll of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture similar to that presented in Table 18 for all industries combined. Table 19 INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Boots and shoes, in- cluding CUT stock AND FINDINGS Less than $20,000'... $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. .-. Bread and other bak- ery products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Carriages and wagons and materials Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over !. Clothing, men's, CLODINO SmETS . . . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... FLOUB-MILL and GRIST- MILL products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over . . Foundry and machine- shop PRODUCTS 54 100.0 100.0 14,740 17,396 100.0 100.0 $52,522,006 $48,751,235 100.0 100.0 $15,390,628 $14,211,534 100.0 100.0 1,043 954 9.2 9.2 50.0 31.5 100.0 11.9 6.8 54.2 27.1 100.0 35 101 5,371 9,233 5,269 42 69 6,435 10,860 4,743 0.2 0.7 36.4 62.6 100.0 0.2 0.4 37.0 62.4 100.0 37,684 297,081 14,185,003 38,002,238 19,940,499 85,288 157,600 17,520,727 30,987,620 18,523,826 0.1 0.6 27.0 72.4 100.0 0.2 0.3 35.9 63.6 100.0 20,667 111,480 5,106,881 10,151,610 9,783,693 48,468 65,062 5,662,868 8,436,136 7,694,492 0.1 0.7 33.2 66.0 100.0 0.3 0.5 39.8 59.4 100.0 603 466 54 16 4 223 473 408 58 11 4 243 48.2 44.7 5.2 1.5 0.4 100.0 49.6 42.8 6.1 1.1 0.4 100.0 321 1,010 660 1,091 2,187 2,560 100 83 29 11 90 100 87 38 IS 44.8 37.2 13.0 5.0 100.0 41.2 35.8 15.6 7.4 100.0 107 422 575 1,456 8,140 312 851 607 887 2,086 3,302 "l47 500 759 7,994 6.1 19.2 12.5 20.7 41.6 100.0 4.2 16.5 22.5 66.9 100.0 6.6 17.9 12.8 18.7 44.0 100.0 ~iJ 15.1 23.0 57.4 100.0 1,548,923 3,817,534 2,364,435 4,452,049 7,757,5,68 6,860,955 268,790 818,675 1,250,119 4,523,371 17,300,109 1,345,061 3,466,654 2,426,794 3,440,970 7,845,357 8,468,856 273,785 846,331 1,511,179 5,837,561 15,407,193 7.8 19.1 11.9 22.3 100.0 12.0 18.2 66.0 100.0 7.3 18.7 13.1 18.6 42.3 100.0 3.2 10.0 17.8 68.9 100.0 744,934 1,825,285 979,091 2,069,906 4,164,478 3,019,396 176,719 544,338 680,095 1,618,244 7,263,972 617,347 1,584,225 1,024,146 1,462,361 3,006,413 3,609,026 168,166 543,392 768,552 2,131,916 6,335,883 7.6 18.7 10.0 21.2 42.6 100.0 5.9 18.0 22.5 53.6 100.0 8.0 20.6 13.3 19.0 39.1 100.0 15.1 21.^ 59.1 100.0 680 12.2 21.1 26.7 35.6 4.4 lOO.O 10.7 21.4 35.7 27.4 4.8 100.0 25 230 539 4,347 2,999 2,096 26 214 1,016 3,953 2,785 2,198 0.3 2.8 53.4 36.8 100.0 0.3 2.7 12.7 49.4 34.8 100.0 25,474 186,100 1,283,008 8,314,664 7,490,873 15,811 203,360 1,714,392 7,656,797 5,917,833 44,608,106 0.1 1.1 7.4 48.1 43.3 100.0 0.1 1.3 11.1 49.0 38.4 100.0 18,820 134,917 618,283 3,082,141 3,409,811 5,423,920 13,086 120,100 763,843 3,125,792 2,313,062 5,682,478 0.3 1.9 8.5 42.4 46.9 100.0 0.2 1.9 12.1 49.3 36.5 100.0 145 244 182 65 5 356 138 251 221 62 22.6 38.1 28.4 10.1 0.8 100.0 20.3 36.9 32.5 9.1 1.2 100.0 94 275 534 874 319 8,449 60 287 776 451 7,443 4.5 13.1 25.5 41.7 15.2 100.0 2.7 13.1 28.4 35.3 20.5 100.0 Less than $5, 000... $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. 85 86 23.9 26.1 84 107 86 30.1 26.1 636 114 107 32.0 32.5 1,819 SO 50 14.0 15.2 6,010 1 Includes the group "less than $5,000. 384,498 2,771,811 7,411,813 20,036,330 8, 081, §57 22,270,635 195,906 1,209,410 4,98.5,977 15,879,342 364,738 2,801,137 9,718,475 19,019,790 12,603,966 19,975,149 215, 198 948,320 4,677,756 14,133,875 1.0 7.2 19.2 51.8 20.9 100.0 0.8 21.8 42.7 100.0 80,643 538,725 1,206,274 2,493,546 1,105,732 11,748,725 147,418 831,468 2,802,239 7,967,600 79,242 574,739 1,691,347 2,304,640 1,032,510 10,819,432 151,968 624,568 2,542,307 7,500,599 1.5 9.9 22.2 46.0 20.4 100.0 1.4 10.1 29.8 40.6 18.2 100.0 ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 792 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 19— Continued. INBUSTKT AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. FUKNITUEE AND KEFKIG- ebatoe's. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Liquors, malt Less than $20,000 1 $20,000 to $100,000 ; . . . $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Lumber and timber products Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Printing and pusLismNO Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 : $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Slaughtering and meat PACKING Less than $20,000 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,0D0 $1,000,000 and over NUMBER OP E3TABUSH- MENTS. 1914 100 59V 202 120 37 1,353 143 53 6 40 1909 278 151 43 782 362 125 48 5 45 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 17.0 20.0 39.0 24.0 100.0 15.6 34.4 34.4 15.6 100.0 62.4 21.1 12.6 3.9 100.0 56.4 28.7 10.6 100.0 17.5 27.5 32.5 22.5 100.0 13.1 21.2 45.5 20.2 100.0 19.4 38.7 25.8 16.1 100.0 57.0 25.3 13.8 3.9 100.0 59.2 27.4 9.5 3.6 0.4 100.0 24.4 31.1 26.7 17.8 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. 1914 3,346 17 107 1,041 2,181 5,947 13 162 777 4,995 9,196 702 1,313 3,036 4,146 10,571 1,039 1,651 2,100 3,861 1,920 5,200 60 217 4,917 1909 3,427 9 115 1,184 2,119 5,646 17 112 417 5,100 13,522 1,448 2,335 4,391 5,348 10,790 1,112 1,737 2,074 4,185 1,682 4,674 14 52 274 4,334 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.5 3.2 31.1 65.2 100.0 0.2 2.7 13.1 84.0 100.0 7.6 14.3 33.0 45.1 100.0 9.8 16.6 19.9 36.5 18.2 100.0 0.1 1.2 4.2 94.6 100.0 0.3 3.4 34.5 61.8 100.0 0.3 2.0 7.4 90.3 100.0 10.7 17.3 32.5 39.5 100.0 10.3 16.1 19.2 38.8 15.6 100.0 0.3 r.i 5.9 92.7 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1914 $7,608,343 39,658 223,693 2,052,035 5,292,957 31,801,404 42,472 697,173 4,677,039 26,384,720 18,396,838 1,139,840 2,034,976 6,416,421 9,805,601 33,173,414 1,807,148 3,676,837 6,009,942 12,063,024 9,616,463 92,060,499 30,129 504,621 3,454,019 88,071,730 1909 $7,380,091 27,494 219,717 2,556,453 4-, 576, 427 27,446,604 54,697 549,454 3,048,848 23,793,505 23,260,926 1,200,823 2,728,425 7,037,774 12,293,904 29,651,153 1,810,400 3,516,226 5,191,019 10,908,559 8,224,950 79,581,294 113,272 750,029 4,284,842 74,433,151 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.5 2.9 -27.0 69.6 100.0 0.1 2.2 14.7 83.0 100.0 6.2 11.1 29.4 53.3 100.0 6.4 11.1 18.1 36.4 29.0 100.0 0.5 3.8 95.7 100.0 0.4 3.0 34.6 62.0 100.0 0.2 2.0 U.l 86.7 100.0 5.2 11.7 30.3 52.9 100.0 6.1 11.9 17.6 36.8 27.7 100.0 0.1 0.9 5.4 93.5 VALtra ADDED BT MANUPACTDKE. 1914 $4,075,814 23,730 141,283 1,128,547 2,782,254 24,428,671 29,085 474,073 3,164,500 20,761,013 9,984,182 812,441 1,320,901 3,173,945 4,676,895 23,602,183 1,467,120 2,918,344 4,441,214 8,324,562 6,460,953 7,376,434 12,451 112,076 411,260 6,840,647 1909 $4,053,522 18,079 132,948 1,421,988 2,480,607 19,878,748 40,788 393,943 2,341,633 17,102,384 12,647,273 1,801,100 4,173,050 6,783,428 21,024,401 1,465,657 2,749,492 3,792,000 7,649,293 5,377,959 7,383,030 23,910 110,678 516,027 6,732,515 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.6 3.5 27.7 68.2 100.0 100.0 0.1 1.9 13.0 85.0 100.0 8.1 13.2 31.8 46.8 100.0 6.2 12.3 18.8 35.3 27.4 100.0 0.2 1.5 5.-6 92.7 0.4 3.3 35.1 61.2 100.0 0.2 2.0 11.8 ■ 86.0 100.0 7.0 14.2 33.0 45.7 100.0 6.9 13.1 18.0 36.4 26.6 100.0 0.3 1.5 7.0 91.2 1 Includes the group "less than $5,000." s Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over." 3 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. It wiJl be noted that the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture per. establishment are high in the boot and shoe, malt-liquor, and slaughtering and meat-pack- ing industries ; while the averages are low in the bread and bakery products, lumber, and printing and pub- lishing industries. The average' value of products per establishment in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry was $2,301,512, and in the lumber and timber industry, $19,244. Of the establishments reporting a product of $1,000,- 000 and over, the boot and shoe industry, the malt- liquor industry, and slaughtering and meat packing re- ported 72.4 per cent, 83 per cent, and 95.7 per cent, respectively, of the total value of products for the in- dustry. Tho only industry shown in which the estab- lishments in the groups $100,000 and over did not report more than 60 per cent of the total value of products was lumber and timber, which is carried on quite commonly throughout the state in small estab- lishments in small towns as well as in the large city plants. For, the industries shown, with the exception of malt liquors, boots and shoes, and carriages and wagons and materials, the proportion of the value of products contributed by the group of largest estabUsh- ments has increased during the period 1909-1914. Other important industries having a high average value of products per establishment are tobacco, chewing and smoking; coffee and spice, roasting and grinding; and chemicals; but, in ordec^ closing the operations of individuates these industries are not shown separately in the table. Table 20 presents, for all industries combined, in each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, except Independence, statistics similar to those given in Table 18 for the state as a whole. Table 20 o g li a ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. - CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent oJ total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Cape Girardeau . . . 42 1,259 100.0 $3,888,376 100.0 $1,532,586 100.0 9 14 13 6 22 9 71 198 981 479 0.7 6.6 16.7 77.9 100.0 25,743 133,134 497,434 3,232,065 1,269,702 0.7 3.4 12.8 83.1 100.0 15,280 80,674 304,417 1,132,216 767,665 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 5.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Columbia 19.9 73.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 . 4 11 4 3 66 2 65 35 377 2,366 0.4 13.6 7.3 78.7 100.0 8,810 115,469 113,274 1,032,149 6,214,645 0.7 9.1 8.9 81.3 100.0 7,220 82,444 52,056 625,935 2,419,679 0.9 $6,000 to $20,000 10.7 $20,000 to $100,000....:... $100,000 to $1,000,000 Hannibal 6.8 81.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 19 20 19 8 50 31 113 319 1,903 1,401 1.3 4.8 13.5 80.4 100.0 43,160 198,664 898,483 5,074,338 .8,086,920 0.7 3,2 14.5 81.6 100.0 29,366 103,368 454,218 1,832,627 3,343,426 1.2 $6,000 to $20,000 4.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Jefferson City 18.8 75.7 100.0 Less than $6 000 8 24 6 12 100 10 103 65 1,233 1,156 0.7 7.4 3.9 88.0 100.0 21,065 264,945 257,124 7,543,786 5,950,150 0.3 3.3 3.2 93.3 100.0 16,607 174,931 121,035 3,031,853 1,829,915 0.5 $5 000 to $20,000 5.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over > 3.6 90.7 100.0 Typ^"! than S5 000 34 39 16 11 25 136 261 744 2.2 11.8 21.7 64.3 77,722 406,483 769,564 4,696,381 1.3 6.8 12.9 78.9 49,575 220,814 384,238 1,175,288 2.7 12.1 520,000 to $ioo,m,~.... . 21.0 64.2. 1 Includes the group, "$1,000,000 and over." MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 793 Tattle 20— Contd. = 1 II WAGE EABNEBS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANXWACTUEE. CITY Airo VALUE OF PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Kansas Cin' 1,052 16,252 100.0 $60,953,411 100.0 $28,972,788 100.0 320 367 257 99 9 30 9 9 12 19 269 1,417 3,831 7,563 3,172 1,411 1.7 8.7 23.6 46.5 19.5 100.0 839,388 3,794,493 11,227,558 28,404,465 16,687,507 3,136,734 L4 6.2 18.4 46.6 27.4 100,0 540,386 2,417,063 6,185,436 12,610,109 7,219,794 1,299,164 S5 000 to $20,000 820,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over ■. . 21.3 43.5 24.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 9 42 1,360 1,683 0.6 3.0 96.4 100.0 25,200 86,559 3,024,975 4,993,624 0.8 2.8 96.4 100.0 16,893 50,656 1,231,615 1,920,420 13 *5 OflO to $20 000 . 3.9 94.9 100.0 $20,000 and over I St. Chables Less than $5,000. . . 5 7 7 267 7 35 1,641 4,914 0.4 2.1 97.5 100.0 14,624 82,515 4,896,485 17,067,642 0.3 1.7 98.0 100.0 9,777 48,336 1,862,307 6,460,292 0.5 2.5 97.0 100.0 S5 000 to S20 000 $20,000 and over 1 St Joseph Less than $5,000 91 90 51 35 2,787 79 381 7»3 3,661 85,058 1.6 7.8 16.1 74.5 100.0- 209, 151 1,024,024 2,190,967 13,643,500 360,479,868 1.2 6.0 12.8 80.0 100.0 132,011 694,930 1,066,820 4,666,531 156,673,672 2.0 9.2 16.5 72.3 100.0 S5 000 to £20.000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 St Louis Less than $5,060.. 881 823 619 397 67 69 25 21 18 5 109 753 3,225 11,436 36,498 33,146 903 0.9 ' 3.8 13.4 42.9 39.0 100.0 2,254,502 8,117,076 30,004,838 114,112,162 205,991,290 2,921,686 0.6 2.3 8.3 31.7 57.1 100.0 1,444,107 5,130,655 16,907,164 52,429,960 80,761,686 970,786 9 S5 00Oto$20 000 . 3.3 10.8 33.5 51.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 33 79 151 640 2,009 3.7 8.7 16.7 70.9 100.0 62,127 209,274 681,668 1,968,617 6,192,954 2.1 7.2 23.3 67.4 100.0 42,693 1X9,293 354,328 454,472 2,427,069 $5,000 to $20,000 12 "3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Spbingpield 36.5 46.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 32 42 21 14 20 42 223 342 1,402 138 2.1 11.1 17.0 69.8 100.0 74, 187 415, 135 1,088,677 4,614,955 706,227 1.2 6.7 17.6 74.5 100.0 48,051 247,717 540,264 1,591,037 218,332 2 $5,000 to $20,000 10 2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 22.3 65.5 Less than $5,000 7 8 5 10 34 92 7.4 25.0 67.6 16,553 77,857 611,817 2.3 11.0 86.6 9,695 47, 160 161,477 $5,000 to $20,000 21 6 $20,000 and over 3 74.0 1 Includes the groups "$100,000 to $1,000,000" and "$1,000,000 and over." ' 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ' Includes the group "$100,000 and over." The cities having the highest average value of products per estabhshment, for all classes combined, were St. Charles, with $262,822, and Jefferson City, with $161,738; and those having the lowest averages were Sedalia and Webb City, with $42,343 and $35,311, respectively. There were 67 establishments in St. Louis having products in excess of $1,000,000. For every city shown, a majority of the establish- ments are in those classes having products valued at less than $20,000, but only in the case of wage earn- ers for Webb City, are the average number of wage earners or the value of products reported more than 15 per cent of the totals for the city. Table 21 shows the size of establishments in 1914, as measxired by number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 19 of the more important industries individually, and for 13 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 22 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 21, and for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Of the 8,386 establishments reported for all indus- tries, 1,311, or 15.6 per cent, employed no wage earners. These were small establishments in which the work was done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases a few wage earners were employed for a short period, but the number was so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for these establishments. The most numerous single group consists of 4,684 estab- lishments, 55.9 per cent of the total number, employing from 1 to 5 wage earners. The establishments em- ploying more than 100 wage earners numbered 295, of which 43 employed more than 500 each. Among the latter were 6 steam-raiboad repair shops, 7 boot and shoe factories, 4 breweries, and 5 slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Of the wage earners, 44.1 per cent of the total were in establishments emplojdng more than 250 wage earners. The single group reporting the largest num- ber of employees is that comprising the establishments having 251 to 500 wage earners, which gave employ- ment to 27,474 wage earners, or 18.1 per cent of the total for all iudustries. This group shows an average of 352 wage earners per establishment, 43.9 per cent of the total number of wage earners. employed in the boot and shoe iadjistry being in establishments of this class. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies and glass also show large percentages of wage earners in the estabhshments employing 251 to 500 wage earners, 51.9 per cent and 42.2 per cent, respectively. There was a sHght increase during the period 1909- 1914 in the proportion of wage earners in those groups of establishments employing more than 250 (as shown by Table 22). The industries showing the greatest increases in this respect are electrical machinery, appa- ratus, and supplies; confectionery; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; and glass; while brick, tile, pot- tery, and other clay products and malt liquors, show the greatest decreases. For the 13 cities shown, there were 688, or 14.8 per cent, of the 4,633 establishments which employed no wage earners; 2,111, or 45.6 per cent, employed 1 to 5 wage earners; and 98, or 2.1 per cent, more than 250 wage earners. Of the total number of wage earners, 44.4 per cent were in the latter class, and the average per establishment was 540. With the exception of Webb City, each city in the table shows one or more establishments employing more than 250 wage earners. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 794 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 31 TOTAL. establishments employing — \^' Brl,000 fage ners. TODUSTBY AND CITT. 1 to 6 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earn- ers. 101 to 250 wage earn- ers. 251 to 500 wage earn- ers. 501 to 1,000 wage earn- ers. Ov ea Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). "2 11 1 f 1 ji 11 1 k 1 1 li 1 as 1 AL industries 8,386 152,182 1,311 4,684 9,865 1,327 14,845 534 17,274 235 16,676 174 26,444 78 27,474 32 22,518 11 17,086 Boots and shoes, including out stock and 54 1,043 93 223 39 90 74 100 195 19 641 356 100 7 32 956 1,353 40 431 2,540 4,633 14,740 5,269 5,196 2,560 9,721 8,140 2,365 2,520 2,606 2,660 2,096 8,449 3,346 2,248 5,947 9,196 10,571 5,200 3,997 45,565 119,027 2 227 "'32' 6 "is' 16 134 25 5 3 738 33 124 2 17 9 59 124 8 431 148 25 6 1,283 87 305 8 56 31 114 279 22 841 364 69 3 53 22 45 5 20 32 9 34 4 57 107 26 1 9 139 169 15 31 646 962 40 661 301 460 63 260 392 110 327 47 569 1,177 317 11 130 1,601 1,734 182 335 6,268 10,887 3 16 14 15 7 16 19 4 9 2 15 33 26 1 4 69 56 3 9 216 432 90 502 471 479 214 578 617 136 301 67 412 1,010 934 35 95 2,173 1,809 81 304 6,976 14,073 6 2 10 2 5 9 10 4 4 440 160 769 151 363 597 674 342 297 12 3 10 4 7 15 3 8 7 2,114 586 1,441 617 1,083 2,179 385 1,330 990 18 3 2 6,477 1,256 604 6 1 1 1 S 4 4,075 931 522 668 4,210 2,999 1 1,498 Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery,and other clay prod- 1 1,001 <3arriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . . . (llnt.hing, niKTi 's, innlllrliTlg shirts 7 4 1 1 1 4 ,2,660 1,481 256 488 312 1,329 1 1,130 Olnt.hiTip, ivnme"'s Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical macldnery, apparatus, and supplies 1 1,105 riour-mill and gristmill products roundry and machine-shop products 4 18 13 274 1,342 958 20 4 1 2 10 13 1 2 52 160 2,719 495 134 235 1,652 1,952 102 345 8,085 22,656 5 2 3 1 4 4 1 1,837 573 949 491 1,278 1,219 292 Furniture and refrigerators Glass 1 1 i.'iii 2,328 Liquors, malt 91 301 4 178 275 688 6 621 788- 9 208 1,331 2,111 19 1,061 1,897 20 414 2,999 4,912 6 22 21 2 2 95 192 473 1,441 1,422 130 108 6,735 13,590 3 2,176 Lumber and timber products Printing and pnhliahin j 1 4 638 2,688 1 1 3 7 1,706 2,491 4,709 12,027 Tobacco mriaufactures.t 7. 17 66 6,972 22,740 6 26 3,821 18,142 Total for cities^ Cape Gikaedeau 42 22 66 50 100 1,052 30 19 267 2,787 69 109 20 1,259 479 2,366 1,401 1,166 16,262 1,411 1,683 4,914 85,058 903 2,009 136 3 2 7 6 16 130 3 ■■■37' 468 4 11 1 17 12 28 26 52 535 17 10 128 1,176 43 54 13 43 34 68 69 112 1,216 47 28 278 2,723 105 168 31 14 6 18 . 11 21 244 8 7 57 628 16 28 5 179 51 194 132 241 2,740 84 59 696 6,109 129 325 48 5 1 8 2 7 83 167 28 268 74 224 2,719 2 257 1 613 Columbia 1 74 1 1 2 1 9 1 1 2 46 1 292 264 586 395 3,675 332 484 631 15,727 454 Hannibal 2 3 219 540 2 1,363 Jeitekson City JOPLIN 3 27 184 1,823 Kansas City 23 3,248 1 1 931 948 MOBEBLY St. Charles 1 1,112 St. Joseph 21 292 4 9 713 9,496 112 272 9 146 690 10,371 13 105 1 1 2,006 16,175 103 108 St. Louis 20 13,642 6 Sedalia Speingjxeld 5 1 391 67 1 75 5 Vebb City ^ Statistics for Independence can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Xable 22 mDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVEEAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 261 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 6.5 6.8 9.7 10.4 11.4 11.1 11.0 11.0 17.4 19.0 18.1 17.4 14.8 11.1 11.2 13,3 Furniture and refrigerators Glass 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2.1 1.5 0.3 0.3 11.4 11.9 17.9 17.1 0.4 0.8 10.4 10.7 6.6 6.7 4.1 9.5 10.0 0.5 2.2 2.4 17.4 20.8 16.4 16.9 3.5 2.7 8.4 9.7 13.8 13.3 9.2 27.9 28.2 1.5 1.8 1.7 23.6 19.3 17.1 14.7 1.5 3.8 7.6 8.4 15.3 15.1 11.8 28.6 25.1 8.0 5.3 15.7 18.2 13.5 15.8 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.2 14.8 13.1 11.4 14.8 25.1 6.0 18.8 3.9 18.0 14.6 18.5 15.9 2.0 2.9 8.6 3.0 17.7 20.4 19.0 17.1 10.1 42.2 20.7 8.3 8.6 13.9 16.1 11.5 14.1 5.8 21.3 36.6 38.8 5.1 6.6 51.7 30.3 Boots and shoes, including cut ^0^1 24.3 26.1 1.7 2.9 11.9 10.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.6 1.3 0.8 4.6 3.9 11.1 12.9 0.9 2.1 40.1 39.0 4.3 4.6 0.3 0.4 10.6 8.4 6.8 6.8 17.6 19.5 0.5 1.1 3.1 2.1 16.6 15.9 4.4 5.4 13.0 16.0 1.8 7.2 27.1 31.6 13.9 15.8 0.6 0.1 9.5 6.4 9.1 8.3 18.7 16.8 2.2 0.9 7.1 8.6 26.2 20.4 5.4 0.5 12.0 16.4 2.2 19.7 15.6 11.9 13.1 3.0 2.5 3.0 4.1 14.8 11.4 6.9 19.0 3.7 2.9 7.3 7.0 28.6 20.1 13.6 17.4 11.9 12.8 "s.'i 13.1 9.2 14.3 14.9 11.1 12.0 27.7 22.3 24.1 18.3 11.1 19.0 26.8 24.6 16.3 32.6 62.8 43.9 36.9 23.8 26.0 11.6 13.6 27.4 28.8 18.2 27.9 10.9 10.2 19.4 27.6 25.2 17.7 18.0 10.0 11.5 21.8 16.3 43.3 6.6 36.8 16.6 10.2 19.8 19.3 24.2 11.6 40.6 ii'e 49.8 stock and flndmgs. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Clothing, men's. Including Liquors, malt . . . 60.7 39.1 Lumber and timber products. .. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures 42.9 32.8 35.6 62.3 9.7 13.1 13.5 19,1 8.4 10.0 15.2 56.3 10.3 shirts. ' Clothing, women's Total for cities 7.9 10.1 Cape G-ieardeatt Confectionery 3.4 7.1 2.9 4.9 9.7 8.5 3.3 1.7 6.7 3.2 11.6 7.9 22.8 14.2 10.6 8.2 9.4 20.8 16.9 8.0 3.5 12.1 7.2 14.3 18.2 35.3 13.3 5.8 11.3 5.3 19.4 16.7 'ih'.'i 15.9 11.2 20.4 "9.'3 38.5 20.0 '61.0 11.2 41.8 34.2 22.0 23.5 28.8 12.8 18.6 48.7 63 9 Columbia.. . 39.6 42.1 ■53."6 12.6 Hannibal 57.2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron Jefferson City products. Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. 51.9 32.1 43.2 5.7 67.2 MOBERLT St. Charles 66.1 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. St. Joseph 14.5 11.2 12.4 13.5 14.0 12.2 'i9.'5 41.9 40.8 19.0 4.6 15.9 12.8 m dJ ,yj Foundry and machine-shop products. ^ffiF"®- 6.4..... 37.6 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 795 Engines and power. — Table 23 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or~ motors employed in generating power (including electric motors, operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabUshments reporting. Table 23 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR HORSEPOWER. POWER. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 16, 197 11,545 4,083 391,385 340,467 247,861 100.0 100.0 100 0\nied 4,824 3.428 1,273 123 11,373 11,373 5,140 3,802 1,200 138 6,405 6,405 4,083 3,257 658 188 305,014 283,490 18,321 3,203 86,371 84,362 2,009 295,391 280,494 11, 159 3,738 45,076 44,056 1,020 232,666 223,879 4,960 3,727 15,295 13,965 1,330 77.9 72.4 4.7 0.8 22.1 21.6 0.5 86.8 82.4 3.3 1.1 13.2 12.9 0.3 93.8 Steam engines and turbines 1 90.3 Internal-combustion, engines 2.0 Watef wheels, turbines, and motors 1.5 Kented 6 2 Electric .'. .' (.') 5 6 other Electric 18,951 11,373 7,578 11,534 6,405 5,129 181,981 84,362 97,619 106,941 44,056 62,885 37,671 13,965 23,706 100.0 46.4 53.6 100.0 41.2 58.8 Rented 2,382 37 1 Generated by estabUshinents reporting 62 9 ' FigurSs for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. ' Not reported. For 1914 the total primary power reported was 391,385 horsepower, as against 340,467 in 1909, the increase being 50,918 horsepower, or 15 per cent. Although steam furnishes the bulk of power used, its relative importance diminished somewhat between the two censuses. The total horsepower of steam engines and turbines in use in 1914 was 283,490 horsepower, or 72.4 per cent of the primary power, as compared with 280,494, or 82.4 per cent of the total, in 1909. This decrease in relative importance is due to the increasing use of rented electric power and of internal-combus- tion engines, which together represented 26.3 per cent of the total primary power in 1914, as against 16.2 per cent in 1909. The use of water power shows a marked decline dur- ing the same period, the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors decreasing 14.3 per cent for the period 1909-1914. The power of motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments where used was equivalent to 24.9 per cent of the total primary power in 1914, as against 18.5 per cent in 1909. The aggregate capac- ity of the electric motors in use — ^both those run by rented electric current and those run by current gen- erated in the same establishments — ia 1914 was 181,981 horsepower. The use of electric power, both owned and rented, during the five-year period 1909- 1914 increased by 70.2 per cent. Practically all indus- tries reported electric power, the most important being cement, with 20,125 horsepower; glass, 14,822; malt hquors, 14,026; and printing and publishing, 11,545. Fnel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. ^ Table 24 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all in- dustries combined and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries com- bined in each city. Digitized by Table 24 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries. Boots and shoes, including cut stooli and findings Bread and other bakery products. . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction - and repairs by steam- railroad com- panies Clothing, men's, including slurts Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheetriron products Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . Foundryandmachlne-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating , Glass Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Leather goods Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products . Paint and varnish Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves All other industries Total for cities., Cape Gibaedeau.. Columbia Hannibal Independence Jefferson City. . . JOPLDf. Kansas City. MOBERLY St. Charles.. ST. Joseph..., St. Louis Sedalla Springfield. , Webb City... An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 15, 100 3,577,688 6,550 4,218 35 675 61 41 47 74 671 29 672 7 1,877 12,891 4 81 9 6 43 1,184 2,026 53 9,115 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 42,034 52, 743 461,236 7,504 223,077 11,140 23,484 9,946 134,496 68,827 16,683 330,095 221,666 317,521 48, 135 6,789 34,592 281,174 35, 191 20,613 26,535 223,730 14,999 965,478 2,205,921 17,262 6,821 38,657 11,702 8,212 9,500 145,102 18,565 24,321 46,959 1,809,267 17,993 51,353 207 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 222,717 13,347 640 163 675 15 1,565 755 2 36,962 748 92,826 2,922 1,836 102 4,049 1,061 210 45 3,173 61,721 175,248 394 3,679 1,609 990 653 1,116 1,909 145,024 31 3,446 540 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (barrels). 1,346,828 18 24,968 96,035 379 34,168 79 430 2,800 4,919 21,683 196 286,489 40,326 5,589 95,976 67 114,435 3,614 13,548 74,916 628,202 711,463 25 1,185 2,113 3,262 2,443 866 261,233 2,087 7,668 13,634 402,195 93 14,624 26 (1,000 cubic feet). 1,073,686 4,162 140,441 118,210 4,129 502 11,627 28,908 19,282 14,209 73,020 4,873 40,494 800 108,447 823 12, 114 4,630" 1,138 65,551 199,581 576 220,169 806, 744 409 1,458 42,114 2,235 152,005 158,670 206 890 232,594 163,899 10,439 3,174 38,651 The principal fuel used was bituminous coal, although the proximity of some of the large industries to the Kansas and Oklahoma oil fields enabled them W?0^SC9)^^®*^°1^^"^ ^^d natural gas as fuel. 796 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain indiistries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule- Certain data of this character for six important in- dustries in Missouri are here presented, together with statistics for power laundries. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classifica- tion embraces wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments only. Table 25 shows detail statistics for the materials and products for the industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The cost of "aU other ma- terials" includes ice, containers, curing materials; seasoning) cottonseed oil, fuel, rent of power, mil^ supplies, and freight. The value of canned goods, meat puddings, headcheese, scrapple, etc., lard com- pounds and substitutes, other oils, soap stock, oleo- margarine, hoofs, horns, horntips, etc., glue, goat and kid and other skins, and wool, have been included in " all other products," to avoid disclosure of individual reports. Table 25 1914 1909 1904 MATEKIALS. $84,335,435 $72,004,428 $54,042,087 Animals slaughtered: Beeves- Number 359,910 $24,718,132 45,213 $637,528 776,751 $4,192,669 2,793,439 $47,559,427 1 $2,642,470 $4,585,209 $91,608,121 530,356 $24,332,919 81,551 $821, 829 546,649 $2,659,215 2,471,658 $36,911,941 1 $4, 015, 472 $3,263,052 $79,325,733 573, 887 $22,047,756 Calves- 52,044 Cost . . . . $389, 123 Sheep and lambs- Number . 564,784 Cost $2,224,718 Hogs— - Number 2, 126, 932 Cost $23, 253, 132 Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost 1 $1,358,866 $4,768,492 PRODUCTS. $60,031,133 Fresh meat: Beef- 183,947,055 $20,469,895 4,402,875 $549,457 30,382,856 $3,409,093 164,944,862 $18,746,424 20,108,325 $1,335,734 1,253,335 $136,695 209,922,094 $28,393,231 16,183,674 $1,984,958 72,410,760 $7,573,570 833,249 $564,369 273,808,501 $20,038,884 8,831,469 $767,841 21,896,982 $2,209,306 138,974,435 $13,492,089 10,867,868 $1,450,509 1,668,474 $168,055 222,224,021 $24,769,411 18,022,911 $1,376,818 48,835,133 $5,695,067 846,906 $709,777 315,665,100 Value $19,171,944 Veal- Pounds 5,421,809 Value $386,860 Mutton and lamb- Pounds 23,555,759 $1,834,529 Pork- 118,797,174 Value $8,444,749 AU other fresh meat- Pounds 2,630,218 Value $120,690 Cured meat: Beef, pickled and other cured— 904,663 Value - $55,676 Pork, pickled and other cured— 195,757,762 Value . .. $15,512,369 Sausage: . PmiTids. . . 19,272,945 Value $1,304,473 33, 215, 290 Lard: Pnnnds Value $2,313,586 1,829,250 $1,021,529 Oleo oil: Value 1 iQcludes cost of all other animals. Table 35— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 PBODUCTS— Continued. Tallow, oleo stock, and stearm: Pounds. . 10,642,879 $773,813 4,561,258 $473,885 15,973 $473,606 359,910 21,920,168 $3,449,606 38,971 526,789 $94,932 776,765 $870,028 $2,308,925 14,122,291 $1,156,139 W (') 19,482 $564,335 567,275 32,406,006 $4,427,484 281,627 $330,199 $2,269,819 (ii Value Sausage casings: ! Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons 42,249 $617,080 Value Hides and pelts: Cattle— PniiTifis Value 612,670 37,971,556 $3,349,715 Calves— PnnTlds Value Shem— 580,261 $547,801 $5,350,232 Value . . 1 Not reported separately. The total cost of materials increased $12,331,007, or 17.1 per cent, and the total value of products, $12,282,388, or 15.5 per cent, during the census period 1909-1914. There were 3,975,313 animals slaughtered in 1914, 3,630,214 in 1909, and 3,317,647 in 1904, in- dicating a normal increase in the aggregate number during each period. The total production of fresh and cured meat, however, declined from 1909 to 1914. This decrease is attributed to the decline in the num- ber of beeves and calves slaughtered and also to the decrease in the average weights of these animals. Boots and shoes. — The number of pairs of the different kinds of boots and shoes made in 1914, 1909, and 1904 is given in the following table: Table 26 NUMBER OF PAIRS. PRODUCT. 1914 1909 1904 ■RnotS fiTid shops 20,444,240 24,657,160 15,918,062 Men's ... 8,840,878 748,018 6,758,611 4,096,733 9,303,028 2,087,258 8,642,965 4,623,909 5,740,729 1,819,192 Women's . 5,993,114 2,365,017 102(422 321,690 616,229 657,718 249,806 All other 272,000 Digitized by The total output for aU kinds of boots and shoes in 1914 was 20,444,240 pairs, a decrease of 4,212,920, or 17.1 per cent, in the actual number of pairs manu- factured in 1909. This is in part due to the liquida^ tion of some estabMshments and curtailment of out- put in others. The proportion of the total for the United States represented by Missouri is 7.1 per cent, the corresponding percentage for 1909 being 9.1. Men's boots and shoes form the leading class as in 1909 and show the smallest decrease in output, 5 per cent. Women's boots and shoes, which are next in importance, decreased 21.8 per cent, as compared with 1909, while misses' and children's decreased 11.4 per cent. IVIicrosoft® MANtJFACTURES— MISSOURI. 797 Table 27 shows the output of the industry, classified according to the method of manufacture. Table 27 Boots and shoes Men's Boys' and youths' Women's :.... Misses' and children's. . Slippers Another Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 NUMBER OF PAIRS, BY METHOD OF MANUFACTURE. Total. 20,444,240 24,657,160 ^,840,878 '^9,303,028 748,018 2,087,258 6,758,611 8,642,965 321,690 657,718 Welted. 7,364,001 7,423,545 5,188,588 5,584,054 188,803 382,802 1,986,610 1,374,610 (') ■82,079 McKay. 9,318,739 14,204,733 Turned and wood or metal fastened. 3,761,500 3,028,882 2,315,007 1,419,182 332,1.34 170,688 547,018 1,211,997 567,341 227,015 ' Included with "turned and wood or metal fastened." ' Includes "turned." The McKay method was used for 45.6 per cent of the boots and shoes produced, the welted for 36 per cent, and the larger part of the remainder was wood or metal fastened. Of the men's shoes, almost 60 per cent were welted, practically the same proportion as ia 1909, while wood or metal fastened represent 26.2 per cent ia 1914 and 15.3 in 1909; the remainder, 15.1 per cent, was McKay, no turned shoes being reported for this class. Of the women's shoes, 62.5 per cent and of the misses' and children's shoes, 86.2 per cent were of the McKay type; this style also predominated in 1909. The other classes of footwear formed only a negligible part of the total and were practically all McKay. Flonr-mill and gristmill products. — Table 25 gives the quantities and values of the products of this in- dustry for the census years, 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 28 1914 1909 1904 $38,686,309 $44,508,106 $38, 026, 142 Wheat'flour: Barrels 5,402,391 $25,633,116 703,678 52,641,988 24,883,523 $373,432 219,068 $5,071,600 188,597 $4,898,895 $67,278 6,672,269 $30,054,028 1,020,738 $3,129,694 26,726,254 $413,234 425,467 • $9,711,059 $1,200,091 6,175,641 $28,512,753 935,318 $2,343,396 Value Com meal and com flour: Value Hominy and grits: Pounds 68, 814, 607 Value $613,653 Bran and middlings: Tons (2.000 lbs.) Value. Feed and oCfal: ■ Tons $6,528,010 Value All other products, value $28,329 In 1914 wheat flour formed 66.3 per cent of the total value of products of this industry, and bran and middlings combined with feed and offal, 25.8 per cent; the corresponding proportions for 1909 were 67.5 per cent and 21.8 per cent, respectively. Priating- and publishing. — Table 29 shows the number of pubhcations, classified according to the period of issue, and the aggregate circulation per issue of each class for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 29 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly...... Weekly Monthly.. Quarterly All other classes NUMBER OF PUBUCATIONS. 1914 1,004 89 23 1 12 721 110 23 1909 1904 1,003 1,032 91 21 113 731 117 12 18 92 24 119 730 133 15 19 AGGREGATE CIRCCLATION ISSUE. 1914 9,098,333 1,432,219 1,131,459 108,326 3,542,326 1,755,852 414,246 713,906 1909 7,577,639 1,624,621 978,377 353,481 1,871,585 2,265,276 203,604 280,796 1904 8, 133, 162 ,126,760 970,071 590, 203 ,739,457 ,365,168 191,948 149,555' 1 Includes one triweekly. This table shows a decrease in the total number of publications and aggregate circulation per issue for the five-year period 1904-1909, while for the last five- year period 1909-1914, although the total niunber of publications increased by only one, there was a con- siderable increase in total circulation, due mainly to the large increase of weeklies, 1,670,741, or 89.3 per cent. As a result of this increase, the greatest aggre- gate circtdation per issue was in the weeklies, 3,542,326, while iu 1909 and 1904, it was in the monthlies, which in 1914 show a decrease of 509,423, or 22.5 per cent. The largest nmnber for any class of pubhcations reported was 721, or 71.8 per cent of the total, for weekly papers. The greatest average circulation shown for any class of pubUcation, 49,194, is reported for Simday editions. The average circulation of quarterhes in 1914 was 18,011; of daHies, 16,092; of monthlies, 15,962; of semiweeklies, 9,027; and of weekhes, 4,913. From 1909 to 1914 Simday editions, weekhes, quarterlies, and the pubhcations included imder the head of "all other classes" each showed an increase in aggregate circulation. In 1914 there were published in the state in the German language 3 daUies, 2 Sunday editions, 15 weekhes^ 1 semiweekly, 12 monthlies, 4 semimonthlies, 1 bimonthly, and 3 quarterlies ; in EngUsh and German, 2 weeklies, 2 monthlies, and 1 quarterly; in Bohemian, 1 weekly, 1 monthly, and 2 semimonthlies; in Croatian, 1 monthly; in Greek, 1 weekly; in Hungarian, 1 weekly; in Itahan, 2 weeklies; and in Polish, 2 weeklies. Carriages and wagons and materials. — The fol- lowing table consists of a detailed statement of the kind, number, and value of carriages and wagons manufactured and of parts and materials used in the production of the completed vehicle in 1914, 1909, and 1904. The value of products of the carriage and wagon industry in Missouri ia 1914 amounted to $6,850,955. Almost three-fourths (70 per cent) of the entire nxmiber of vehicles reported were family and pleasure Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 798 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. carriages, and their value constituted 4:5.5 per cent of the total. Table 30 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $6,850,955 $8,468,856 $7,678,429 Carriages (family and pleasure): 53,552 $3,118,458 21,456 $1,356,569 30 $12,766 1 $18 1 $2, 363, 144 97,444 $3,913,969 20,140 $1,388,699 98 $48,558 53 $783 $3,116,847 74,650 $3,836,342 Wagons (business, farm, etc. ): 25,281 Value $1,507,225 Public conveyances; 58 Value $4,445 Sleighs and sleds: 6 Value $153 All other products, including parts and amount received for repair work, value . $2,340,264 1 Includes the value of 12 automobiles manufactured by establishments devoted primarily to the manufacture of carriages and wagons. As compared with 1909, there was a decrease for 1914 of 19.1 per cent in the total value of products of the industry and 36.3 per cent in the number of carriages and wagons made. Decreases are shown for every item in the table for the period 1909 to 1914, with the exception of the mmiber of wagons, which shghtly increased. The situation is quite natural considering the rapidly increasing use of the automobile. Butter. — The following table gives the quantity and value of the various products of the industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table Si 1914 1909 1904 $5,167,343 $2,958,818 $1,313,958 Butter: Packed solid- Pounds 7,254,182 $1,961,029 8,987,505 $2,493,617 584,415 $59,074 $653,623 4,452,602 $1,213,508 5,809,274 $1,648,722 122,357 $18,838 $77,750 1,866,507 Value $386,379 Prints or rolls- 3,940,217 Value $806,228 Cream sold: 308,551 Value $28,329 All other 'oroducts. value,, $93,022 As the manufacture of cheese and condensed milk was reported by only two estabUshments in 1914, the products have been excluded from the table, in order to avoid disclosure of individual operations; in 1904 and 1909 the products of such establishments were included with "all other products." There was a large increase for both census periods in the total value of products and in each class of products between 1909 and 1914. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries were first presented at the census of 1909. These statistics, however, are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 32, however, summarizes these statistics for Missouri for 1914 and 1909. Table 32 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Contract work Kent and taxes Cost of materials ■ Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 177 6,757 144 714 5,899 7,941 $4,332,735 3,334,921 725,766 2,609,155 9,821 176,825 1,349,790 6,316,206 1909 13,4 2,f Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 171 3,5 6,113 10.5 152 -5.3 523 36.5 5,438 S.5 5,727 38.7 407,985 27.1 664,005 30.1 428,283 69.5 135,742 22.2 16,277 -39.7 114,993 53.8 892,197 51.3 904,249 28.8 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. In 1914, as in 1909, Missouri ranked seventh among the states in amount received for work done and in number of persons engaged in the industry. Sub- stantial increases are shown for the ;period 1909- 1914, except in number of proprietors and firm mem- bers and contract work. The number of establish- ments under the corporate form of ownership increased by 10, while the other forms — individual, firm, etc.^ decreased by 4. This, in a measure, accounts for the increase in salaried employees and their salaries and the decrease in proprietors and firm members. Table 33 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the~laun(h"ies on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage' which this number forms of the great- est number employed in any month of the same year. Table 33 WAGE EARNERS. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 5,868 5,867 5,899 5,891 5,902 6,056 6,064 5,960 5,875 5,813 5,770 5,813 5,199 5,171 5,235 5,275 5,281 5,525 5,641 5,689 5,652 5,556 5,522 5,505 96.8 96.8 97.3 97.1 97.3 99.9 100.0 98.3 96.9 95.9 95.2 95.9 91.4 February 90.9 92.0 April 92.7 May 92.8 June 97.1 July 99.2 100.0 September . , ... 99.3 97.7 November 97.1 96.8 Table 34 gives statistics for the kind and amount of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 799 Table 34 ITOMBEE OP ENOmES OB MOTOES. HORSEPOWER. END. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 ol In- crease, 1909- 1914. 292 200 7,941 5,727 38 7 181 162 19 111 111 170 155 15 30 30 7,489 7,175 314 452 382 70 5,577 5,288 289 150 150 34.3 Steam 35 7 8.7 Rented. . „ 201.3 Electric 154.7 Other Electric-Generated in establishments Twnortinc 369 1,695 Table 35 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as- reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 35 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 crease,' 1909-1914. Tons, 2,240 lbs.... Tons, 2,000 lbs.... Tons, 2,000 lbs.... Barrels 660 72,494 357 48,422 69,329 676 52,650 10 28,126 207,928 -Zi ■RitiiTTi|nn|i.'5 pnal . 37.7 Coke Oil 85.3 Gas 1,000 cubic feet.... -66.7 • ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentage is omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 800 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. GENEEAI TABLES. Table 36 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and ija the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 37 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, sta- tistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and, with the exception of Independence, for the cities- having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all industries combined. Table 36 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. mOUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year: Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agricultural imple- ments. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, tents, and sails Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, in- cluding cut stock and findings. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass and bronze prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter.. Canning and preserving. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by electric-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1%9 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8,375 6,464 152, 182 152, 993 133, 167 18 25 - 21 25 17 13 21 18 12 37 32 10 54 59 2 37 32 27 17 18 18 16 1,043 954 614 149 195 254 56 54 3 153 222 75 243 248 240 438 525 504 368 21 428 429 309 81 110 35 14,740 17,396 10,451 1,092 1,113 847 383 297 196 5,269 4,743 3,764 5,196 6,137 4,869 361 159 148 850 952 758 2,560 3,302 3,163 1,168 905 935 9,721 8,121 6,760 842 619 640 8,140 7,994 6,070 2,355 2,750 1,863 391,385 340, 467 247,861 $89, 197 80,843 66, 644 742 1,080 856 626 "184 20 203 217 65 319 162 lOO 9,527 11,113 5,145 727 667 363 523 448 178 5,000 3,023 1,944 14, 757 16, 122 13,034 1,556 788 573 1,012 974 1,154 4,528 5,868 3,431 812 3,005 9,031 9,042 4,993 1,764 886 1,330 2,560 1,559 1,322 602 487 405 S388, 715 354>, 411 252,268 142 219 261 252 16 206 193 138 40 55 14 6,933 8,164 4,349 455 372 240 264 196 122 2,875 2,487 2,774 3,023 2,365 202 100 142 186 171 1,636 1,781 1,726 807 620 603 5,097 4,165 333 310 3,213 2,994 2,098 1,093 1,137 673 270 504 452 1,207 1,025 31 991 1,207 824 321 303 85 37, 131 34,540 14,963 747 669 363 2,438 1,654 1,184 10, 157 10,829 7,281 1,997 2,088 1,421 4,367 2,499 1,033 740 1,005 849 3,832 4,860 4,261 834 501 490 5,372 4,128 4,112 4,164 2,224 10,036 9,071 5,543 3,034 3,180 1,799 J637, 962 574,111 439,549 570 981 1,068 2,183 1,677 63 1,552 1,784 1,237 660 600 169 52,622 48, 751 23,541 1,636 1,376 770 3,047 2,221 1,527 19,940 18,624 12,672 6,517 7,745 5,682 5,167 2,959 1,314 1,082 1,574 1,323 6,851 8,469 7,678 1,710 1,204 1,211 12,847 9,812 8,720 6,936 3,640 3,279 17,300 16, 407 10,329 5,517 5,439 3,322 Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grinding. Coflans, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refrig- erators. Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling nulls. Jewelry 1914 1909 1904 37 40 26 656 730 554 2,760 2,379 1,243 1914 1909 1904 8 11 11 436 540 486 792 663 904 1914 1909 1904 100 61 43 2,520 1,882 1,779 2,465 1,268 1,048 1914 1909 1904 39 43 46 S62 1,088 1,781 1,702 2,319 3,314 1914 1909 1904 •195 207 106 2,606 2,637 2,218 2,394 1,656 878 1914 1909 1904 19 20 20 2,560 1,060 795 1,918 1,180 824 1914 1909 1904 12 12 13 100 80 88 125 70 46 1914 1909 •1904 641 680 582 2,096 2,198 2,345 39,003 43,176 40,262 1914 1909 1904 54 37 35 629 471 571 1,997 1,551 630 1914 1909 1904 S366 329 256 8,449 7,443 7,156 18,402 13,568 9,905 1914 1909 1904 16 20 13 873 305 163 122 48 32 1914 1909 1904 100 99 77 3; 346 3,427 2,777 6,546 6,203 4,909 1914 1909 1904 35 29 28 1,342 941 1,826 16,361 3,635 3,060 1914 1909 1904 7 4 6 2,248 1,765 1,561 12,446 8,820 6,756 1914 1909 1904, 13 14 9 212 182 171 26 39 20 1914 1909 1904 117 92 63 1,059 761 433 26,787 22,904 13,546 1914 1909 1904 3 4 4 1,237 2,227 1,349 7,062 6,255 4,692 1914 1909 1904 28 19 17 461 376 252 226 160 87 1355 342 268 267 296 246 950 770 628 431 558 739 1,569 1,482 1,099 1,536 627 412 54 31 30 1,122 1,040 1,091 305 214 184 5,877 4,860 4,274 250 106 39 2,043 1,919 1,416 844 636 1,588 758 $10,949 9,192 6,145 776 648 4,090 3,934 2,632 1,162 1,902 , 2,264 4,769 4,598 3,288 2,416 1,104 606 671 272 255 33,262 38,826 32,928 6,147 4,264 2,058 10,522 9,166 6,073 490 229 3,633 3,327 1,985 2,143 1,223 1,778 1,675 947 708 133 106 86 366 218 186 748 472 272 1,041 667 399 964 1,320 928 1,887 2,859 1,688 366 272 201 400 323 235 $14,299 12,062 7,264 1,038 1,665 1,246 7,256 6,659 4,630 1,888 3,079 3,712 8,390 7,827 5,720 6,643 3,251 1,741 1,009 648 492 44,508 38,026 7,794 5,384 3,002 22,271 19,976 14,692 1,574 831 408 7,608 7,380 4,836 7,197 4,633 5,686 1,993 1,781 681 440 330 3,107 2,084 1,130 3,363 6,013 2,999 873 ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes "pickles, preserves, and sauces." * Includes "stamped ware" and "tinware." 5 Includes "automobile repairing;" "bells;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" plumbers' supplies;" "steam fittings and steam and ibt-water. heating apparatasL". and "structuralironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills.'' Digmzea oy Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 36 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 801 DtDUSTRT AND CITT;> Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDnSIEY AND CITT. Num- Wage cen- ber of earners Pri- sus estab- (aver- mary yeai-. lish- age horse- ments. num- ber). power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Lflather eoods 1914 1909 1904 1133 105 74 1,419 1,814 1,775 1,392 2 5,986 1,122 S899 1,037 971 $3,179 3,794 2,888 55,859 6,508 5,361 Paper goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 U2 11 9 578 435 303 651 309 175 3285. 178 105 «926 447 266 $1,682 922 598 Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 10 9 9 227 220 217 700 519 546 156 146 131 2,042 1,599 734 2,673 2,035 1,128 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. 1914 1909 1904 5 212 185 125 1,090 980 924 867 908 449 532 415 353 .2,928 2,536 1,985 9,010 7,639 5,512 1914 1909 1904 19 31 23 531 692 493 1,593 1,314 615 277 317 221 409 461 319 890 1,031 792 Photo-engraving 1914 1909 1904 17 18 10 224 187 113 90 80 63 233 165 83 61 82 34 529 450 205 1914 1909 1904 11 28 34 22 34 49 369 644 654 12 14 25 75 101 61 427 613 206 1914 1909 1904 7 7 6 301 307 285 332 243 191 109 107 83 229 169 145 433 396 329 1914 1909 1904 32 31 50 5,947 5,646 5,568 31,164 30,436 .18,759 4,852 3,908 3,408 7,373 7,568 6,252 31,801 27,447 24,154 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 1904 » 1,353 1,322 1,253 10,571 10,790 9,757 14,330 10,472 8,384 7,391 6,610 5,330 9,571 8,627 6,801 33,173 29,651 24,412 Lumber and timber 1914 1909 1904 »956 1,098 495 9,196 13,522 12,664 44,098 49,506 33,047 4,749 5,897 5,542 8,413 10,614 6,417 18,397 23,261 18,349 Show cases 1914 1909 1904 8 8 8 230 209 260 351 100 234 146 137 151 259 170 207 574 products. 433 546 Marble and stone work . . ,1914 1909 1904 175 169 73 905 1,342 882 4,018 4,308 2.216 647 989 580 1,281 1,447 904 2,716 3,441 2,305 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 '40 45 38 5,200 4,674 4,236 15,660 11,735 7,685 3,462 2,673 2,381 84,684 72,198 64,099 92,060 79,581 60,110 Mattresses and spring 1914 1909 1904 33 33 28 296 345 480 406 310 437 162 187 270 If? 564 882 959 1,140 1914 1909 1904 9 10 10 521 554 548 1,358 954 745 279 272 237 2,811 3,055 1,871 4,920 4,719 3,113 beds. Millinery and lace goods 1914 1909 1904 33 35 10 908 934 305 241 94 42 367 277 99 1,064 885 238 2,163 1,647 448 Tobacco manufactures. . 1914 1909 1904 431 477 561 3,997 4,453 5,259 ,1,859 2,034 3,670 1,990 2,235 2,305 14,061 16,546 11,962 33,381 30,951 30,884 Mineral and soda waters 1914 1909 1904 195 176 132 556 463 485 845 749 475 298 221 242 656 420 371 1,623 1,292 1,166 Wirework, including wire rope and cable. 1914 1909 1904 21 14 23 741 710 584 1,609 902 894 374 379 291 1,332 1,734 1,234 3,484 3,396 2,336 Paint and varnish 1914 1909 1904 34 32 30 599 685 604 2,775 2,706 2,028 393 366 313 3,750 4,698 4,737 5,792 6,828 6,400 AH other industries 1914 1909 1904 861 786 642 22,611 20,061 19,719 71,266 44,762 39,372 13,684' 11,295 10,640 69,116 52,448 40,311 101,872 80,538 67,987 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. KANSAS CITY— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- ' road companies. - ■ Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grmding. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 141 107 75 11 16 4 4 5 16 15 9 10 10 3 19 10 8 i»55 59 9 17 10 "80 58 37 1,908 1,375 1,056 353 185 197 130 74 1,104 682 796 617 819 730 100 107 47 200 214 380 513 553 366 119 209 1,349 645 588 35,706 8 29,208 810,504 8,526 5,920 1,973 847 1,377 330 252 1,440 415 199 680 350 254 242 •363 407 1,837 3,210 2,588 1,223 969 726 458 161 84 138 78 42 844 508 552 254 302 205 50 51 17 81 76 118 407 349 202 79 93 124 965 461 328 $31,981 8 30, 118 19,525 3,442 8 2,646 1,959 192 121 81 177 128 63 580 315 481 729 631 562 1,225 1,393 139 449 512 594 801 828 525 3,215 4,102 5,072 1,503 775 $60,953 64,705 35,573 7,093 5,617 3,482 538 389 253 442 270 161 1,504 - 883 1,073 1,195 1,129 959 1,648 1,879 219 .1,013 990 926 1,611 1,575 973 3,529 4,507 5,518 3,627 1,828 1,257 EAirSAS CITT— Con. Furniture and refriger- ators. Leather goods. Lumber and timber products.. Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compoimds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing Surgical appliances and artificial limbs. All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 26 20 17 ■ 118 21 13 3 28 26 9 13 13 12 12 16 8 186 179 129 7 "3 346 292 218 266 293 239 591 602 204 408 275 165 204 693 802 478 2,117 1,866 139 201 129 533 379 71 74 65 88 138 20 14 8 51 29 88 70 38 83 68 2,450 2,192 1,558 47 14 8 4,803 8 2,105 27 10 5,824 5,510 3.830 16,219 16,184 $188 189 128 123 264 171 474 519 317 119 156 106 38 44 30 14 11 7 56 1,870 1,465 999 37 9 6 3,594 3,038 2,010 S339 406 285 512 1,017 443 1,485 2,141 677 171 255 HI 124 133 79 7 5 3 244 162 51 3,030 2,352 1,418 18 12 3 13,738 12,184 6,494 $757 835 540 788 1,568 857 2,359 3,398 1,274 410 566 303 261 237 149 35 26 20 781 467 178 9,263 7,548 4,505 140 79 25 23,969 20,916 12,923- ' Includes "saddlery and Jiamess" and "trunks and valises." 2 Apparently an error in figures; should be 1,269. 8Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products;" and "window and door screens and weather strips." ' Includes "envelopes." 'Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 8 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing " ' Includes "sausage." 8 Figures do not agree'with those published because certain establishments revised their reports. 9 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 10 Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified." 11 Includes "automobllerepairing": f^engines, steam, gs=, m4W*ffi2iwi?!WiS^'')!??H9^^?»\*^^?W6^etei's"; hardware"; "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere speci- fied"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heatmgM;i[^twZ&&<^V^rWfmWt^UlUi^eel works or rolling niills " ^ 12 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoloralselosure oi individaal operations. 802 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 36 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ST. JOSEPH— All industries. Boots and shoes. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Clothing, men's, in- cluding shirts. Confectionery.. Cooperage, hog.sheads and barrels. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Flour-mill and grist- mill products. Foitodry and machine- shop products. Leather goods. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing All other industries. . ST. LOtJIS— All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, in- cluding cut stock and findings. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass and bronze prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 267 261 219 7 6 4 3 3 3 12 12 28 9 7 5 ai6 15 17 *13 10 15 6 4 4 3 4 3 7 3 34 30 25 101 97 2,787 2,667 2,482 19 12 11 11 '10 470 448 311 4,914 5,390 4,663 264 410 168 108 548 499 40 49 67 1,112 1,326 1,151 715 313 188 22 28 26 53 54 47 130 94 39 186 233 104 177 238 184 12 12 30 13 16 II 18 416 368 359 1,648 1,693 1,788 85,058 87,371 82, 698 434 282 21 97 27 8,729 12,138 9,331 786 790 655 349 269 178 2,483 2,264 1,874 9,109 7,737 213 121 321 362 364 162 1,324 1,277 396 131 110 352 278 5,239 4,501 169,982 5 148,095 550 139 275 150 5,602 7,547 542 493 445 385 2,153 5 1,390 $2, 675 2,710 2,072 161 201 65 75 261 182 35 33 34 430 499 371 142 66 11 17 15 45 39 76 44 22 107 128 58 120 152 103 10 23 7 8 4 7 3 1 258 226 182 1,042 941 907 51,150 48,535 42,642 327 197 16 31 53 12 4,453 6,169 3,998 349 286 187 '237 180 HI 1,422 1,223 1,013 $10,607 11,064 6,820 610 724 256 257 1,367 1,343 34 40 30 1,290 1,453 1,061 1,276 1,004 234 32 46 31 60 76 50 2,485 1,838 593 109 164 49 585 326 16 18 37 16 17 10 38 9 3 250 273 215 3,565 3,440 2,582 203,806 188,189 137, 740 1,030 727 31 291 77 22,630 23,735 12,233 569 464 285 2,399 1,632 1,161 4,880 4,765 3,385 $17,068 17,626 11,574 912 1,025 350 415 2,174 2,054 107 108 2,098 2,403 1,557 2,184 1,424 437 60 71 53 125 146 124 2,714 1,994 683 326 430 150 779 819 525 37 39 81 38 35 19 24 17 1,156 1,025 745 6,037 5,909 4,676 360,480 328,495 267,307 1,882 1,302 63 517 571 147 31,049 33,970 19,662 1,256 960 604 2,937 2,165 1,457 9,454 8,624 6,098 ST. LOTJIS— CJontd. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. CIothing,men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and gnnding. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatuSi and sup- plies. Electroplating. Enameling and japan- ning. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflec- tors. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured Jewelry.. Leather goods. Liquors, malt.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6 6 48 25 18 18 22 20 6 95 100 63 12 13 11 12 16 16 12 9 3 3 3 23 21 24 '169 160 143 62 65 51 10 <39 32 3,212 3,822 3,001 1,678 2,254 2,215 1,668 1,677 1,260 5,091 4,751 3,942 2,271 2,439 1,704 499 570 484 413 490 470 1,472 1,222 1,123 604 958 914 1,818 1,833 1,721 155 200 159 1,420 699 784 65 66 390 382 490 5,251 5,298 5,677 2,772 2,882 2,364 217 202 181 139 124 136 319 201 167 248 847 960 1,121 4,941 4,823 4,947 ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of indlviduEd operations. " Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes "gas machines and gas and water meters" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills.- * Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks aad valises " 5 Figures do not agree with those published because ' Includes "stamped ware" and "tinware." ' Includes "automobile repairing"; "bells 2,082 3,144. 1,390 1,485 1,770 879 581 438 1,808 1,886 755 1,320 823 1,227 1,942 1,749 976 349 472 1,400 650 443 115 946 11,257 5,030 5,163 360 185 8,700 8,105 111 117 $1, 776 1,948 1,554 1,133 1,242 1,266 1,294 879 844 2,184 1,966 1,449 1,062 1,021 274 268 240 252 268 238 520 512 416 325 493 428 1,043 978 813 95 128 97 380 407 45 45 41 176 170 153 3,639 3,518 3,412 1,666 1,620 1,213 132 126 122 25,210 24,590- 272 151 124 195 153 165 524 536 693 515 593 4,107 3,339 2,998 $1,117 1,252 931 3,114 3,838 3,402 835 765 .817 5,861 5,382 3,436 2,947 2,902 1,675 9,163 7,217 4,738 533 665 627 2,147 2,175 1,691 903 1,562 1,195 3,444 2,978 2,630 142 234 175 1,229 636 26 21 19 10 5 43 4,268 3,499 1,632 6,602 6,682 4,828 2,703 2,735 1,589 194 285 185 254 159 ~161 418 291 186 236 228 196 1,531 1,629 1,776 5,649 6,474 5,445 $4,060 4,881 3,674 5,117 6,32$ 5,769 2,235 1,742 1,725 10,273 9,687 6,860 5,353 4,886 3,075 11,972 9,514 6,725 959 1,371 1,204 3,590 3,848 3,052 1,447 2,692 1,946 5,946 5,060 4,432 306 440 337 3,275 2,081 1,713 108 103 94 52 31 77 5,130 4,455 2,409 13,785 14,691 11,573 6,111 4,057 577 547 448 387 307 275 1,129 731 516 655 533 484 3,177 3,108 3,285 23,147 20,930 ^.^w««^« UUUWUAU./UC .t,^au^e , uoiia , enKujos, sroam, gas, turn wnivr--, gitB mauiiiiiea auu gas and Water meters"; "hardware": "hardware, saddfery"; "plumbers' supplies"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heatmg apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 36.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 803 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age Dum- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ST. LOTTIS— Contd. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work . . Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paint and varnish . Patent medicines and compounds arid drug- gists' preparations. Photo-engraving 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 »75 71 63 37 39 25 15 14 14 20 18 9 16 15 16 23 25 2125 99 95 12 11 6 2,305 2,812 2,949 329 557 381 ' 140 179 344 618 514 77 106 515 598 552 900 862 861 158 114 66 10, 456 8,608 1,155 1,073 234 120 223 64 2,363 2,.139 674 800 SI, 341 1,669 1,460 280 468 265 106 216 267 183 337 315 421 3M 328 145 93 53 $2, 610 3,884 2,473 723 575 204 398 792 549 235 3,217 3,738 4,439 2,480 2,281 1,907 41 59 19 $5, 149 7,367 4,409 1,180 1,580 1,305 409 462 815 1,626 1,045 440 157 211 156 5,003 5,564 5,909 7,769 6,846 5,182 "363 298 131 ST. LOinS— Contd. Pickles, preserves, and sauces. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Stereotyping and elec- trotyping. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Wirework, including wire rope and cable. All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5 9 7 3 373 347 362 623 24 820 4 4 3 11 13 6 14 10 9 11 671 675 737 55 191 164 5,440 5,708 6,839 2,066 1,469 1,237 94 54 1,916 1,673 1,875 712 683 545 21,365 19,866 22,166 30 161 6,740 « 5, 441 5,938 5,515 197 146 3,029 1,826 1,521 853 53,755 42,325 $29 75 64 4,054 3,824 3,402 1,366 900 753 67 72 36 1,336 1,199 1,316 351 365 276 12, 524 10,901 11,410 S315 628 397 5, 184 5,118 4,543 33,788 24,055 16,043 35 51 16 2,719 2,458 1,943 1,180 1,697 1,194 65,443 59, 470 48,378 $432 962 631 18,026 17, 164 16,366 36,634 26,601 17,485 166 194 91 7,479 5,923 5,523 3,265 3,323 2,245 113, 345 97,269 94,068 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Hannibal.. Jefferson City.. JOFLIN. . UOBERLT.. 1914 1909 1904 66 66 58 2,366 2,445 1,811 1,401 '651 3,530 3,412 $1,329 1,284 826 $3,795 4,316 2,156 $6,215 6,195 3,564 1914 1909 50 35 1,826 1,166 603 '271 4,743 3,652 8,087 5,446 1914 1909 1904 100 77 56 1,156 830 680 3,774 3,102 618 494 386 4,120 2,358 1,960 5,950 4,136 3,006 3,137 1,984 1914 1909 30 31 1,411 999 1,366 1,276 857 538 1,838 1,092 Sedalia. Springfield., Webb City.. T914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 69 75 50 109 108 82 20 25 903 935 974 2,009 2,131 2,158 136 '170 1,778 1,662 4,646 3,685 619 511 $488 461 503 1,243 1,280 1,128 90 108 $1,951 1,216 825 3,766 3,048 3,^2 488 513 $2, 922 2,333 1,692 6,193 5,382 5,293 706 777 ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products"; and "window and door screens and weather strips." 'Includes '•perfumerY and cosmetics." 3 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper-plate, including plate printing"; and "lithographing." < Figures do not agree with those published because certain establishments revised their reports. 6 Includes "sausage." " Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, as convicts employed in the penitentiary were iacluded at that census, but have been excluded in order to make the totals comparable with those for 1904 and 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 804 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDOSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNINGS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST BEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. ried ofla- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries Agricultural implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails BaWng powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware.. Belting, leather Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making. Boots and shoes, including moccasins. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing. Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Bmlding brick Sewer pipe and draintile Fire brick, stove lining Tile and architectural and fire- proofing terra cotta. B rooms Brushes Toilet paint, and varnish All other Butter Buttons Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. ♦ Canned vegetables Canned and dried fruit Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and_ repairs by steam-railroad corn- Charcoal, not including production in lumber and wood distillation indus- tries. Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations . Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Clothing men's Men's and youths' Boys' Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments and petticoats Wrappers and house dresses All other Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery, including chewing gum. Icecream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels .'.".!!!" All other '."'_] Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work! ! Dairymen's and poultrymen's supplies Dental goods 8,386 18 12 96 20 5 19 21 4 5 5 14 35 49 4 32 25 18 1,043 90 57 11 11 11 138 4 10 26 197 166 31 39 154 100 54 36 31 5 180 188,266 306 98 325 231 409 91 566 47 48 84 85 976 15,225 87 1,240 1,1.61 471 7,464 5,673 2,179 1,090 1,514 327 60 38 22 552 308 990 972 18 34 617 2,478 2,325 153 1,216 10,273 73 1,257 115 75 40 6,434 6,359 75 2,699 1,149 396 848 274 32 1,371 488 3,640 3,140 600 936 695 241 1,426 62 41 Owned power only. 2 includes TGUQiUZB^vM^JmiCtOS^ 12 8 125 16 11 15 1,155 62 33 15 4 10 173 169 4 12 13 223 193 30 40 37 3 54 22 13 10 4 5 15 1 163 104 59 25 24 1 178 2 2 7,111 22 9 13 19 18 1 41 7 3 10 14 39 272 8 64 50 .30 128 143 68 17 37 21 251 186 178 7 115 67 15 21 11 1 109 65 16,483 4,792 25 19 12 10 54 1 53 6 1 18 17 80 1,426 3 50 36 39 759 234 64 60 76 34 115 111 4 27 281 291 30 19 11 516 504 12 117 66 23 17 11 616 34 423 384 10 7 45 355 4 13 4 153 46 10 11 17 51 12 5 7 100 96 4 S8 28 24 23 152, 182 240 51 174 177 327 67 428 30 37 44 39 786 13, 169 71 1,092 1,051 ■ 383 5,269 5,188 2,004 987 1,380 817 223 43 27 16 361 282 780 767 13 21 550 2,010 1,901 109 1,168 9,721 842 42 31 11 5,593 5,544 49 2,355 966 337 237 656 436 2,854 2,520 334 621 227 1,052 Ap 156, 968 My Oc< Jy My My 315 53 289 196 368 Jy 79 My 575 My< 33 My 47 My 62 My< 43 Fe 915 Ap 14,887 Ja Mh 1,1 82 Au Oc 1,202 413 5,565 My 2,571 Jy 1,089 Ja 1,584 My 885 De 251 M u Mh 31 16 437 366 Jy 10,178 De Se 65 929 Del Ja 5,952 Mh 56 Se 1,114 Se 441 Ja 914 Mh 292 My 31 Ja 678 Fe< 452 Oc 3,020 Jy 461 Oc« 748 237 1,212 48 34 De 139, 366 No Ap Ja Ja De Ja De De< Oo De* 133 49 61 148 210 58 305 27 25 41 No 33 No 676 No 9,987 De 66 Oo 1,026 De 930 Fe 356 My 5,056 1,087 Fe Fe De 1,174 De 645 Ap 202 Ja 25 C*) 16 Fe 286 Jy 140 Se z,mi Ja6 Se 66 Ja6 Oc 32 Ja< 13 Ap 642 Oo 467 My 2,275 De 1,466 Au 119 Fe 98 Mh 1,195 Mo 1,133 Fe 9,405 Ap< 58 Fe 782 Oc Ja* Oc 5,038 Au 42 De Jy 757 272 No 690 No 150 Au 17 My De 630 419 Ap 2,299 Ja 228 Ja My Ja Oc Ja< 514 213 875 31 30 w 292 52 272 181 270 67 354 28 35 43 38 690 12,749 66 1,076 1,032 380 6,559 6,437 2,386 1,072 1,177 802 248 44 28 16 364 3,531 3,467 64 27 555 2,135 2,031 104 1,163 9,479 64 41 29 12 5,956 5,902 54 2,431 962 360 858 222 29 655 419 2,914 2,576 338 870 635 235 1,040 44 32 « 287 51 272 172 267 155 15 34 42 18 346 7,803 22 313 943 378 3,632 5,398 2,365 1,072 1,176 785 218 42 27 15 293 247 1,067 1,042 25 20 534 2,110 2,008 - 102 1,162 9,475 64 724 29 21 1,716 1,680 36 488 381 68 15 1 405 330 1,293 979 314 848 614 234 1,02« 38 m 197 13 1 17 322 4,773 41 677 17 1,853 10 71 86 2,274 2,.236 38 • 6 19 21 21 4,176 4,158 18 1,885 572 326 757 202 28 87 1,591 1,572 19 « (») 53 {522,548,083 fs given for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms.' MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 805 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electrit horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration- income. Principal piaterials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. {15,669,439 121,628,017 $89,197,477 |$2,602,416 84,149,957 113,873,612 $376,546,681 $12,168,178 $637,952,128 $249,237,269 391,385 283,490 20,330 3,203 84,362 97,619 38,425 18,473 17,469 29,936 1,500 60,566 12,720 3,650 29,070 20,645 77,048 660,633 9,877 109,548 105,489 82,973 260,783 356,378 135,239 50,636 110,722 59,781 22,266 6,960 6,960 31,253 18,661 11,414 14,476 97,384 1,780 63,728 13,988 2,123 27,051 22,484 86,995 2,203,822 4,896 70,288 46,796 55,779 988,502 266,033 45,889 96,692 87,691 35,761 25,402 3,288 3,288 93,522 6,559 6,529 30 976 51)367 185,547 172,577 12,970 28,395 3,500 219,017 30,752 18,150 12,602 343,884 332,834 11,050 220,378 129,008 25,770 - 47,228 17,722 650 265,798 38,800 243,405 169,761 73,644 73,126 63,656 9,470 176,327 7,640 12,900 3,267 1,840 1,840 20,502 167,768 163,463 4,305 23,459 239,635 21,949 16,148 713,172 39,726 548,982 510,426 38,556 21,114 14,636 6,478 108,948 3,084 740 142,233 43,341 94,173 142,784 246,058 42,396 206,138 10,381 15,096 33,615 19,647 462, 103 6,112,990 27,223 454,670 481,001 264,214 2,875,447 2,770,580 1,086,026 547,406 734,932 402,216 112,391 24,305 14,941 9,364 201,804 86,945 105,874 104,299 1,575 9,434 268,432 1,367,106 1,281,686 85,420 807,199 6,838,843 27,687 366,695 35,704 25,664 10,040 497,837 20,046 14„732 5,314 676,751 661,126 15,625 164,569 98,222 28,250 2,222,750 2,201,522 21,228 1,093,312 657,241 145,680 285,791 94,679 9,921 355,318 266,767 1,182,867 949,886 232,981 428,501 338,381 90,120 803,496 24,507 18,732 14,710 50 2,300 3,785 77,978 641 3,744 6,635 9,339 5,692 3,647 20,094 2,939 350 849 849 140 2,555 10,137 10,037 100 3,941 14,729 14,129 600 217,880 203,388 14.492 1,832 150 1,278 354 "so' 2,858 210 1,414 244 1,170 5,035 457 3,160 9,322 6,105 22,396 7,363 13,963 37, 149 1,980 2,201 6,144 5,558 33,562 63,738 3,191 59,656 41,984 7,134 363,670 21,181 8,733 3,000 6,914 3,534 7,189 2,116 1,200 916 22,461 1,302 2,442 2,442 1,420 18,495 103,372 88,788 14, 584 4,400 60 20,761 6,780 4,301 2,479 143,989 139,329 4,660 101,060 65,844 12,612 22,886 8,440 1,278 105,691 10, 179 140,765 118,144 22,621 14,508 10,788 3,720 72,330 1,230 4,790 4,662 1,487 1,909 925 6,745 636 5,477 660 347 2,651 862 7,223 138,983 174 7,049 18,070 10,848 98,545 95, 212 48,182 16, 787 23,416 6,827 2,550 542 305 237 7,596 1,136 1,615 1,545 70 154 4,585 '36,300 35, 171 1,129 13,695 51,683 652 42,881 771 455 316 34,799 34,478 321 7,593 4,226 794 2,040 472 61 28,832 6,112 40,146 30,675 9,471 9,201 7,784 1,417 14,250 1,017 217 259,060 17, 107 153,254 162,440 1,027,849 60,169 985,636 89,277 17,488 359,774 216,453 440,355 25,800,915 72,700 724,069 1,501,133 2,404,432 9,799,988 962, 739 343,134 176,647 335,360 108,598 319,485 49,010 29,215 19,795 4,313,926 104,701 394,646 390,728 3,918 2,563 535,450 3,244,263 3,162,057 82,206 814,678 6,025,362 4,079,515 99,390 74,662 24,728 7,672,405 7,574,544 97,861 3,014,298 1,285,513 468,700 986,300 260,173 13,612 10,882,972 580,257 5,145,289 4,025,025 1,120,264 1,143,977 988,669 166,308 2,021,936 110,871 72,302 11,027 1,642 1,394 5,578 10,957 3,161 5,622 789 194 4,060 2,149 11,891 146,523 2,360 23,363 22,927 34,010 356, 818 1,032,545 457,957 219,484 259,074 96,030 3,451 765 478 287 53,386 3,602 8,111 7,731 380 844 4,438 47,408 42,746 4,663 19, 754 346,549 113,306 84,355 2,623 2,195 428 40,552 39,547 1,005 19,855 9,253 3,436 5,903 907 356 65,946 5,607 -110,434 65,052 45,382 13,591 11,364 2,227 20,059 918 994 569,904 176,721 362,516 420,080 1,762,831 172,256 1,551,657 164,015 63,510 503,411 365,225 1,556,954 40,311,210 144,938 1,636,088 2,635,411 ^3,047,306 19,940,499 6,509,161 2,513,688 1,341,111 1,820,484 833,878 105,044 62,619 42,425 6,167,343 256,708 609,725 601,698 8,027 26,086 1,136,673 5,714,382 5,454,177 260,205 1,710,323 12,847,379 178,806 6,936,122 295,129 197,578 97,551 13,484,374 13,251,600 232,774 5,517,015 2,649,204 791,968 1,530,399 608,615 36,829 14,299,135 1,038,077 9,251,427 7,255,593 1,995,834 1,878,684 1,608,597 270,087 3,841,922 204,590 148,221 299,827 157,972 207,868 262,062 724,025 108,926 560,299 73,949 35,828 139,577 146,623 1,104,708 14,364,772 69,888 888,656 1,111,351 608,864 9,783,693 4, 513, 877 1,712,597 - 945,980 1,226,050 629,260 343,560 66,269 32,926 22,343 800,031 148,405 206,968 203,239 3,729 22,679 596,685 2,422,711 2,249,375 173,336 875,891 7,47.5,468 65,109 2,772,252 193,116 120, 721 72,395 5,771,417 5,637,509 133,908 2,482,862 1,354,438 319,832 638,196 247,535 22,861 3,350,217 452,213 3,995,704 3,165,616 830,188 721,116 608,564 112,552 1,799,927 92,801 74,925 742 40 267 260 366 85 203 35 18 156 230 413 8,911 45 727 4,884 523 5,000 14,747 6,391 2,815 4,175 1,366 184 20 14 6 1,556 295 965 857 108 48 2,098 2,430 2,259 171 812 9,031 490 134 1,764 89 71 18 1,541 1,532 9 602 236 64 221 70 11 2,760 792 3,981 2,465 1,516 1,669 1,334 335 909 51 13 38 150 153 17 20 130 6,960 •10 125 3,645 160 2,391 13,003 4,914 2,778 4,141 1,170 45 80 65 228 334 12 269 823 721 102 1,035 1,035 6 128 122 6 15 27 290 237 63 7,965 33 1,235 430 430 120 120 100 100 653 750 2^214 1,796 418 1,290 1,045 245 30 20 270 118 40 66 93 366 47 , 199 15 18 156 97 413 1,951 35 582 1,159 298 2,377 1,351 1,143 25 34 149 761 20 1,105 987 118 812 529 89 71 18 985 976 9 496 236 121 70 2,107 22 1,707 662 1,045 339 249 90 639 17 13 125 604 80 1,755 1,625 306 155 1,116 48 6,655 670 728 623 105 59 4 Same number reported for one or more other mo] '©igiti^&&'ty M/g?bs0#® y^^- ' None reported lor one or more other months. 806 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- teud- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15lh day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE S-TATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving and oiesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing. Engraving, wood Envelopes Fertilizers Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table foods. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles. All other preparations tor human consumption. For animals and fowls , Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops' , Foundries Machine shops , Fur goods , Furnishing goods, men's , Furniture Wood, other than rattan and wil- . low. Metal Store and office fixtures Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines and gas and water meters. Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats, straw House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified. Feather pillows and beds Mops and dusters Ice, manu^ctured Ink, writing Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, doors and shutters Jewelry Labels and tags Leather goods, not elsewhere specified . Leather, tanned, curried, andfinished. Lime Liquors, distilled, whisky and brandy Liquors, malt Lithographing , Looking-glass and pic ture frames , Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble andstone work, including slate Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Trimmed hats and hat frames Embroideries and women's neck- wear. All other 8 7 5 12 641 54 7 30 10 261 9 27 225 7 16 91 56 5 4 117 4 3 5 10 19 11 32 12 11 796 122 175 33 33 22 5 424 3,131 112 480 13 139 29 420 79 215 3,466 980 115 179 331 365 1,304 5,353 132 3,738 2,371 551 816 221 58 163 2,143 2,335 263 244 261 121 235 77 57 20 1,364 28 1,332 94 594 167 50 266 584 39 6,679 357 42 7,325 2,463 1,264 375 1,064 865 10 1 2 7 755 41 173 9 S 155 4 1 45 25 2 18 4 2 2 2 5 10 4 10 991 70 181 24 18 11 4, 36 105 15 24 6 17 321 75 420 35 56 329 6 33 195 114 39 42 19 5 14 75 S 13 5 1 119 2 14 20 7 135 27 3 180 166 97 314 1 107 30 9 74 233 187 26 21 24 116 573 16 43 514 7 34 232 146 45 41 28 2 26 515 35 6 6 11 19 1 530 50 1 124 149 25 145 4 9 43 158 5 10 143 57 30 11 16 14 2 12 209 1 giikQdWmci^gwft^: 250 2,560 307 5 101 19 346 60 100 2,096 629 73 137 248 171 5,602 204 1,186 4,212 106 873 3,209 2,056 454 699 156 47 109 1,342 21 2,248 224 10 44 212 212 114 159 44 33 11 1,059 12 1,237 66 461 134 31 227 531 22 6,947 262 24 6,007 2,039 905 748 54 Se 271 Ja 2,856 Je De Nos Ja De' No Fe Jy Se 2,244 400 6 109 351 84 120 Se 94 De 151 Se 292 Ap 183 Ja 237 Ap 1,276 Jy 4,499 No 152 Ja 1,038 Mh 2,234 Au 495 848 Ja No 57 121 Je 1,454 Oc3 26 Ap 2,690 Ja 243 C) Des Ap3 No Jy Fe 46 216 224 119 Mh 43 My 3 15 Au 1,469 Ap 16 Au 1,527 Ja Ja No Ja Ja 109 494 136 37 252 626 Au My Jy 6,509 Je 274 No 30 Mh 6,281 Au 2,208 Oc 951 Fe 1, Fe Ja 226 De 2,274 De Ja Ap3 Je De De' 78 257 17 336 29 81 My 1,966 Ap Ap Ja Jy 63 126 194 156 No 180 De 1,013 No 3,670 Mh 59 Ap 813 De 1,902 De Fe 361 581 Je My a 29 100 Mh 1,261 Ja 15 Au 1,8 D& - (.') Mys De Ja Fe Jy 200 10 42 204 192 107 De De Ja De» De Dfi Au Jy 3 Jy Jy De 414 Au 14 De 5,568 No 243 Fe' 21 Fe 5,680 Ja 1,834 32 426 132 27 215 Fe Fe 787 Je Je' 410 45 Ja' 104 261 2,456 77 409 7 110 20 348 47 2,192 716 72 149 316 179 6,207 199 1,068 3,940 149 919 3,204 2,018 461 725 168 52 116 1,346 24 2,483 10 46 207 220 115 179 43 29 14 1,229 10 1,200 70 475 132 32 233 505 35 5,756 267 26 7,488 2,043 850 692 49 109 162 1,871 74 409 5 19 137 47 50 2,172 647 101 234 164 5,185 199 1,060 3,926 49 162 3,113 1,945 445 723 146 33 113 1,346 23 2,441 41 162 126 68 58 31 ■ 22 9 1,220 6 1,199 70 431 83 27 232 505 32 5,467 213 22 7,366 2,009 951 252 10 96 555 42 201 "32 18 149 24 34 76 15 7 ■"4 3 98 740 61 48 12 1 20 19 1 13 7 4 4 93 46 117 284 52 750 621 15 10 1894,967 6,676,852 61,025 2,094,380 2,247 5,591 1,204,320 348,820 647,689 19,100,413 2,193,132 , 255,369 323,168 633,011 1,081,594 18,457,696 752,777 2,903,866 14,801,064 312,683 721,470 6,687,015 4,497,876 884,264 1,304,875 221,963 36,320 186,633 44,307,311 87,126 9,762,406 429,337 6,776 43,613 502,434 197,097 87,868 343,402 260,032 219,919 40,113 9,259,634 34,650 5,280,881 368,530 482,896 260,274 74,350 1,941,847 2,637,799 235,486 67,628,919 748,132 51,299 9,027,020 5,755,946 2,760,288 509,964 706,033 30,910 101,439 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI . OB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 807 EXPENSES. Value ot products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks.eto. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. S70,426 292,474 9,204 - ,71,424 24,839 58,713 8,934 48,856 455,109 148,334 14,823 7,340 54,250 71,921 854,311 55,146 131,998 667,167 22,200 67,679 372,616 213,296 68,368 90,962 31,618 7,230 24,388 166,818 5,325 100,167 23,982 10,130 35,762 22,160 6,400 25,140 6,545 6,020 525 158,947 5,700 88,102 15,963 61,258 25,628 5,016 42,092 33,217 7,522 677,516 107,863 4,336 291,994 250,290 133,155 31,447 104,621 84,307 i,150 16,164 $117,973 485,595 1,790 149,461 5,208 45,177 7,145 131,526 292,233 243,289 31,367 19,610 30,032 162,280 702,077 22,571 57,493 622,013 10,339 42,303 297,887 165,818 54,564 77,505 33,496 4,382 ,29,114 4917023 3,246 62,273 15,971 750 5,140 4,120 14,120 37,625 8,807 8,807 62,238 6,680 70,726 9,314 69,425 15,931 7,614 15,024 24,580 1,620 865,967 - 64,535 1,724 136,166 174,524 71,614 25,856 73,697 67,762 5,935' $124,562 1,536,168 63,004 231,472 2,796 63,499 11,313 168,638 37,216 1,122,193 305,283 24,311 66,692 107, 295 106, 985' 3,936,582 142,529 784,072 3,009,981 47,378 250,188 1,932,759 1,129,715 267,012 636,032 106,793 27,099 79,694 844,073 21^118 1,583,4^8 141,703 4,764 28,273 101,338 133,043 73,127 80,742 27,507 21,139 6,368 748,476 6,288 954,402 47,782 366,059 72,012 20,378 156,015 277,290 11,741 4,851,827 212,805 14,859 2,813,291 l,384j909 646,897 162,295 367,096 294,911 22,793 49,392 $150 31,395 960 203 500 100 3,162 1,665 665 1,000 45,847 162 5,133 40,552 25,000 3,833 500 50 3,283 13,495 5,200 4,600 560 15,919 "8,'235' 4,702 148,851 21,023 513,051 4,149 20,995 $18,957 8,150 2,256 1,689 10,J14 1,950 27,230 4,178 13,920 24,705 47,668 6,452 19,737 14,480 133,588 2,862 8,576 122,150 21,000 26,165 87,948 48,227 3,178 36,543 13,282 3,740 9,542 37,115 2,350 3,000 14,799 3,200 5,730 4,067 10,450 4,880- 12,225 4,937 3l822 1,115 53,724 2,152 3,457 50,382 9,175 2,382 2,548 1,449 119,706 21,693 5,362 11,251 50,437 32,681 17,611 56,357 42,797 5,786 7,774 $4,808 25,487 485 5,816 162 311 155 3,999 1,210 2,709 103,880 14,212 1,961 553 2,662 9,036 92,493 5,919 15,683 70,891 1,343 2,883 44,082 28,337 8,954 6,791 1,406 249 1,157 382,175 160 22,669 1,454 82 438 184 3,537 774 118 61,378 239 20,075 240 6,576 919 131 7,875 6,447 236, 530 5,073,570 2,600 271 197,913 36, 782 15,006 3,191 3,589 2,810 159 $708,773 25,223 573,172 133 37,075 2,245 435,515 179,632 567,123 32,826,061 6,098,153 351,181 428,737 4,409,930 6,399,671 379, 753 1,179,629 4,840,289 90,690 3,298,419 1,877,386 623,368 797,665 169, 760 38,468 131,282 380,065 25,784 1,069,685 106,953 . 7,375 35,652 198,748 353,423 200,632 344,449 124,810 106,607 18,203 370,557 32,069 1,656,048 81,137 395, 769 80,631 28,289 2,017,543 236,360 69,932 6,715,035 223,058 30,082 3,660,746 3,032,526 1,212,313 451,699 1,052,455 916,213 35,818 $5,181 51,891 7,628 16,866 717 119 7,229 17,557 4,111 436,328 49,047 5,289 4,744 12,591 26,423 391,630 7,522 144,873 239,235 2,256 4,691 .56,408 26,273 12,787 17,348 8,154 1,980 6,174 1,762,844 564 505,103 8,585 163 1,046 7,498 2,757 1,285 3,137 5,086 4,892 194 670,608 75 230,532 1,686 4,400 3,446 2,857 24,067 173,015 5,027 657,698 6,135 341 45,568 68,602 68,333 8,617 12,038 10,305 872 ' Same number reported for one or mqre other months. Digtta, and fire- clay products. Brooms, from broom com Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations Clothing, men's, includmg shirts Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery, including chewing gum. Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet^iron work Dental goods Druggists' preparations Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and wil- low. Metal, including store and office Ibrtures. Gas and electro fixtures and lamps and reflectors. Hand stamps Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified. Leather goods Lumber, planing-mill products, not includmg planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 5 141 8 21,207 881 31 52 7 456 193 195 2,456 383 48 54 190 105 85 1,168 79 25 679 85 188 367 278 89 508 19 52 166 271 662 40 622 366 310 168 142 66 41 57 50 2S 13 1 Owned power 178 only. 2 11 2 5 1 1 159 5 7 4 10 2,217 1 1 1 62 10 4 307 15 16 904 10 ^i0ti^d^y^^'icU}§bm 16,252 342 151 82 69 1,104 7 617 68 100 274 200 74 396 16 37 119 183 488 34 454 254 138 116 46 27 40 29 Au 17,114 STy 48 .Ta* 9 47 Ja« 36 Oc 4 .IB 2 Ap 431 No 262 No 197 Je 143 Au 197 Fe 163 Oc 2,132 My 1,774 Au 411 Fe 264 No Se Je 111 Au 80 Ja 1,172 Se* No< Au Se De 108 Oc 264 ^7 Jy De De Oc 119 543 17 44 134 205 Ja Je Ja My*" Au No De* Mh Mh 40 528 494 De 15,516 My Jy De 61 De 60 De 1,024 My* 26 Ja* 6 Ja 514 Fe 56 My 90 Jy Ja* Ja Au Fe Je Ja 173 37 288 15 24 94 160 De De 31 Fe 298 Ja Fe Au .My* My De Ap Fe* 113 80 33 25 30 16 183 16,371 27 38 4 263 188 179 2,130 410 52 49 163 98 65 1,011 34 8 653 72 104 290 81 386 18 132 180 507 31 476 363 259 139 120 231 464 12,366 3,929 27 38 4 158 40 179 1,079 410 40 46 162 98 64 1,011 31 3 68 7 60 165 76 385 13 36 132 149 507 31 476 42 251 131 120 31 27 25 20 224 453 139 Oc 180 Fe 101 146 146 ' Tnplnfl ft'i ranted nower. other than electn V. 104 137 5 585 60 44 125 120 5 ""i 2 "si 314 7 7 55 11 (53,341,091 37,340 22,876 3,678 750,254 178,535 388,251 6,496,706 789,964 43,035 537,447 222,133 142,492 79,641 1,981,723 303,711 30,862 518,995 54,995 815,496 969,350 277,352 674,652 22,323 130,012 1,178,441 651,346 2,026,177 23,377 2,002,800 347,935 588,696 298,803 124,196 20,028 35,734 165,954 815,576 2,018,848 352,084 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. 811 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 191.4^Contiiiued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $157,029 132,049 24,980 16,090 1,398,308 $199,858 129,772 70,086 12,309 2,151,181 $374,095 265,066 109,029 90,849 2,100 10,152,119 $205 43,837 $23,649 17,858 5,791 2,359 456 202,923 $18,518 15,181 3,337 1,411 16 422,840 $1,312,599 $19,893 878,375 11,826 434,224 148,998 3,500 65,669,332 8,067 2,479 585 2,624,518 $3,484,293 2,806,610 678,683 281,332 9,800 88,971,499 $2,151,801 1,915,409 236,392 129,855 5,715 20,677,649 1,609 1,143 466 735 55,810 1,500 1,100 400 654 33,981 653 54 46 51 33 21,176 1,291 1,141 150 3 18,897 Lamps 3 Lapidary work 1 Lard, not mtide in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Lasts 1 Lead, bar,fipe, and sheet 1 Liquors, viuous 6 Lubricating greases 2 Malt 1 Musical Instruments, organs 2 Uusibal instruments, pianos 2 Nets and seines 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 5 Oilcloth, enameled , . . . 1 Oleomargarine 3 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 4 Pens, fountain and stylographlc. 1 Petroleum, refining 1 Photographic apparatus 4 Printing materials 3 Pumps, not including power pumps.. 3 Roonh^ materials, other than metal.. 4 Rules, ivory and wood 1 Safes and vaults 1 Saws 2 Scales and balances 2 Screws, machine 2 Sewing machines and attachments. . 2 Shipbuilding, WQOden, including boat building 3 Smelting and refining , lead 3 Smelting and refining, zinc 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soda-water apparatus 2 Springs,steel, car, and carriage 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Steam packing 3 Stencils and brands 3 Stoves, gas and oil 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 2 Theatrical scenery 2 Tinfoil 1 Toys and games 3 Type founding 2 Umbrellas and canes 3 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 2 Vault lights and ventilators Wall plaster Watch cases .' Whips Window shades and fixtures Wood preserving Wool pulling Wool scouring Woolen goods 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $2,042,047 $2,972,275 7,400 • 1,000 31,538 12,310 15,919 87,619 25,450 1,040 3,800 14,507 5,029 9,478 52,953 6,800 4,040 38,093 8,600 32,520 27,951 18,051 9,900 30,403 . 3,600 11,400 44,460 25,294 102,333 5,300 97,033 18,247 25,180 11,480 13,700 15,360 3,260 6,400 3,645 29,380 36,252 25,710 $10,603,625 1,253 520 500 60,125 13,988 6,247 427,236 21,860 1,188 1,378 7,238 2,933 4,305 23,582 39,522 5,480 25,929 3,213 73,279 50,490 41,937 8,553 34,134 12,992 26,053 44,625 79,972 1,560 78,412 10,416 21,002 13,127 7,875 8,016 2,580 6,163 5,555 35,316 10,916 15,527 25,213 1,336 255,920 61,617 91,733 968.901 206,146 25,365 31,710 106,501 50,981 55,520 844,271 15,960 2,438 254,128 26,078 60,015 138,224 81,292 56,932 337,975 10,306 23,725 79,004 95,479 354,871 27,200 327,671 72,690 176,419 84,899 91,620 24,991 16,205 21,222 17,552 122,779 351,005 $450,449 $901,188 1,000 3,546 480 3,066 25,000 900 50O 400 360 1,676 9,825 430 1,885 18,336 12,226 3,744 950 7,720 84,831 2,800 980 2,555 5,160 12,630 6,174 6,456 5,084 1,528 8,823 18,9,30 3,156 1,200 500 17,727 19,868 17,829 500 1,370 2,039 19,674 2,190 4,400 16,450 34, 913 1,740 33, 173 7,105 16,365 6,545 3,962 2,766 1,740 3,335 22,152 15,981 5,110 $868,400 $30,975,119 $1,005,504 580 .271 59 5,518 1,466 1,780 39, 771 4,216 672 397 1,394 756 638 7,101 940 223' 2,241 296 4,149 6,861 6,783 1,078 4,633 156 4,470 4,664 9,759 354 9,405 1,072 3,444 1,801 1,643 321 222 778 3,496 14,346 27,645 2,253 299,816 80,454 243,947 3,352,974 96,802 34,526 43,377 126,900 72,814 54,086 523,719 63,077 21,323 721, 798 74,334 1,216,709 625,519 442,092 183,427 553,662 59, 174 97,797 3, 191, 153 1,179,314 523,430 36,442 487,988 255,399 321,021 231,677 89,344 56,910 16,793 37,570 77,880 506,061 119,094 4,3! I Same number reported throughout the year. i;,793 . 1,066,219 Digit zed by ^697 162,664 141 3,350 2,695 979 88,540 95,464 486 1,340 5,750 3,146 2,604 56,389 10,477 113 7,487 519 8,060 26,189 7,304 18,885 6,390 539 24,124 14,822 20,645 5,156 15,489 2,167 8,194 4,808 3,386 1,999 598 625 3,264 5,543 " 7S M 8,109 $60,953,411 $28,972,788 44,637 90,201 7,605 965,692 210,340 422,942 7,093,367 637,917 80,319 114,166 327,600 176,340 151,160 1,503,839 171,963 57,551 1,194,921 136,493 1,647,667 1,4,59,860 1,013,230 446,630 1,216,457 89,875 224,477 3,528,892 1,766,002 1,419,072 88,940 1,330,132 442,962 720,848 466,793 254,055 115,445 52,906 90,235 140,962 788,019 l,660,4r- iQroso 410,379 S® 30,150 60,728 5,326 662,526 _ 127,191 178,016 3,651,853 345,651 45,307 69,449 194,850 100,380 94,470 923,731 98,409 36,116 465,636 60,640 422,898 808,152 563,834 244,318 656,405 30,455 126, 141 313,615 571,-866 874,997 48,342 826,655 185,396 391,633 230,308 161,325 66,536 36,515 52,140 59,818 276,415 685,094 239,706 17 53 3 167 102 451 1,973 1,377 41 67 273 172 101 1,440 13 680 768 254 504 250 7 1,837 622 1,125 77 1,048 563 346 217 62 24 4 205 165 1,481 405 1,545 1,010 125 125 1,385 100 310 230 230 415 271 310 260 125 80 1,120 12 441 12 53 25 12 15,003 125 167 102 46' 406 365 33 32 109 44 65 55 65 6 149 13 370 528 24 604 7 452 202 394 65 329 57 200 71 129 40 24 4 80 85 236 450 5,788 1,464 117 76 115 115 189 80 65 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 41 42 42 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. 812 MANUFACTURES— MISSOU RI. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- nmn- ber. Number, ISth day of— Maximmn month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOKE— ALL INDUSTKIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. KANSAS CITY— Continued. Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paints and varnish Patent medicines and compounds Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Refrigerators Signs and advertising novelties Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances and artificial limbs. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. All other industries* 9 90 4 7 6 2 71 11 67 11 8 3 45 7 34 10 4 20 8 182 1 21 63 13 84 36 170 23 16 66 17 48 6 253 2 13 5 2 231 5 17 9 1 3 1 3 3 18 4 1 13 122 1,535 117 95 66 60 1,207 48 1,651 28 72 515 263 773 3 16 1 2 1 12 13 109 12 6 10 2 79 8 125 6 9 4 5 101 8 80 4 8 12 9 47 S 144 10 10 7 117 33 157 32 3 6 116 7 38 8 5 1 2 22 207 6,284 159 272 549 275 5,029 No Au My My De Jy 282 Jy 5 (O 13 No 1,247 Des 784 Je3 Ap Jy3 Oc 16 92 111 Au 154 Mh 132 Oo 27 Ap3 63 Ja3 26 No 3 18 No Jes De Fe3 Ja Fe Au Ap3 Mh 72 46 96 1 13 1,163 761 9 64 72 106 16 81 45 21 75 54 219 4 13 1,248 780 13 72 105 114 117 28 64 45 21 65 38 219' 2 4 937 729 13 61 105 102 93 27 2 9 304 49 »»7,707 132,949 23,790 509,467 321,453 267,518 5,496 12,125 2,242,767 2,011,622 19,900 208,874 184,246 134,303 277,884 62,318 36,591 23,494,228 * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal Bags, other than paper.. .- Baking powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. . Belting, leather Billiard tables and materials Bluing Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Brass and bronze products Brushes Butter Butter, reworking Carjjets, rag 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric railroad com- panies 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including ■ operations of railroad companies 1 China decorating, not done in potteries 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Cooperage 2 Cotton goods 1 Dairymen's supplies, cream separa- tors 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 3 Electroplating 4 .Enameling ^ 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 4 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 4 Engraving, wood 1 Envelopes 2 Flavoring extracts 4 Fuel, briquettes 1 Fur goods 3 Galvanizing 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gas machines and gas and water meters 1 Glass 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 3 Glucose and starch 1 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Hair work : 1 Hardware, locks 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hats, straw '. 1 Ice, manufactured. 4 Ink, printing 1 Ink, writing 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 2 Jewelry 13 Labels and tags ; 1 ST. JOSEPH— All industries.. Boots and shoes Bread and other bakery products . - . Carriages and wagons and materials. . Clothing, men's, including shirts Confectionery Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured Leathergoods Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing , book and job Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 78 6,136 1 215 262 273 156 51 1,225 923 29 72 175 181 46 97 219 114 18 17 49 31 313 323 5a 1,772 36 10 2 111 88 6 168 21 1 3 1 12 12 2 7 6 8 18 5 IS 7 i' 130 4,914 Oo 5,350 | Ja 4,595 264 108 40 1,112 715 22 53 130 148 34 177 77 12 13 30 18 253 163 40 1,425 Fe 273 Au 114 My 45 Ja 1,202 Oc 881 Oc No Oc No Ap Au No Se 46 64 181 171 37 117 292 94 My 3 15 No 15 Au3 44 De3 20 Fe 264 179 Mh3 42 Jy 24S Ja3 103 De3 36 Jy 1,046 Ap 622 Ja3 Mh Ap Je My 3 Fe My Ja Ja Au Ja Ap3 Au My No 9 46 109 129 47 132 62 6 11 20 16 241 147 34 6,118 268 113 42 1,127 767 34 52 136 183 34 55' 152 71 14 14 33 20 452 169 42 1,540 3,237 1,873 193 93 42 95 349 34 51 125 183 55 147 71 14 10 32 17 160 153 38 1,368 418 101 16 4 165 $10,854,223 297,923 265,520 75,160 1,019,740 1,913,337 35,335 76,614 860,592 232,812 54,985 393,184 435,121 215,274 48,292 18,550 68,270 29,219 279,166 653,804 26,577 3,864,758 1 Owned power only. *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Artificial limbs 1 Artificial stone products 1 Automobile bodies -and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronze products 1 Brick 2 Brooms from broom com B utter Carpets, rag Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames Cars and gefl and repain panies. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations 2 Clothing, women's 2 Coffee, roasting and grinding 4 Coffins, burial cases, ana under- takers' goods 1 pam; 3 , apparatus, and supplies 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing I Engraving, wood ;. 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 4 Furgoods 1 Furniture 4 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. OB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 813 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Eent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- In- ternal, Water Elec- tric (rent- ed). in Steam com- wheels estab- Total. en- gines.i bus- tion and mo- lish- ments en- tors.i report- gines.2 ing. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $7,725 10,300 $3,312 4,537 3,400 82,706 124,593 6,316 2,030 1,034 '104,305 680,841 900 31,736 9,577 8,580 15,772 6,756 2,867 754,156 $35,987 35,399 13,886 55,868 30,116 127,974 1,745 6,014 896,264 624,849 11,813 76,855 72,897 37,437 69,210 68,003 19,561 3,375,447 $4,616 3,940 1,678 10,340 18,825 1,609 571 800 94,890 92,157 3,180 9,213 6,339 6,350 6,194 4,231 6,590 250,615 $1,072 1,547 493 2,781 2,485 1,087 74 98 8,800 23,713 83 526 1,140 1,084 1,798 18,182 374 677,318 $123,036 45,661 5,886 / 527,286 140,109 41,343 3,852 14,294 945,309 1,623,618 9,200 88,339 133,636 17,227 237,288 76,655 111,648 11,156,266 $1,419 1,521 1,052 5,476 1,317 12,723 90 33,802 26,701 535 622 4,223 1,095 3,308 342 1,128 493,724 $250,594 166,646 34,887 788,977 535,662 "235,550 20,389 27,219 3,080.014 4,918,022 36,544 394,383 299,660 139,706 394,813 217,792 165,034 20,514,540 $126,139 119,464 27,929 256,215 394,236 181,484 16,447 12,672 2,100,903 3,267,703 26,809 305,422 161,801 121,384 154,217 140,795 52,258 8,864,650 '86 59 61 412 73 882 3 7 1,168 3,404 28 9 98 27 113 86 28 24 180 30 590 3 2 3 1 225 6 288 31 27 7 37 4 2 $200 3 41,400 27,760 21,198 720 4 550 500 5 6 7 5 100 1,225 2 129 30 8 200,448 194,337 2,400 10,240 13,853 16,333 15,346 3,300 6,500 717,733 65,406 166,710 929 2,149 28 9 65 27 98 lis 620 9 10 11 2,162 6,786 1? 33 13 14 15 l.'i 16 80 14,496 7,835 55 894 25 5,767 1,493 17 150,656 18 Lard, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establislunents 1 Liquors, distilled, whisky 1 Liquors, malt 3 . lithographing 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Lulxicatmg greases 1 Lmnbco' and timber products 1 Millinery and lace goods 12 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 MucUage and paste 2 Musical instruments, violins, and 'other stringed instruments 1 Musical Instruments, pianos 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 3 Optical goods 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Photographic apparatus 2 Photographic materials 1 Photo-engraving 3 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 3 Poultry, killing and dressing 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Printing materials 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials, other than metal. . . 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 2 andvaults 1 3 Show oases 3 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods. ., 3 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Stoves and ranges 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Theatrical scenery 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 Toys and games 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 IJphoIstering materials, excelsior 1 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Vinegar and cider 3 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Watch cases 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 5 Window shades and fixtures ..... 1 Wood preserving 1 Woodengoods,notelsewh6respeoified. 1 $456,795 6,280 836 3,300 39,175 38,731 2,700 4,800 24,360 22,210 1«,860 13,880 13,261 3,300 416 3,960 7,770 27,300 41,620' 1,476 178,480 $680,264 4,136 4,853 66,245 208,331 480 1,732 19,502 3,773 6,142 9,638 18,725 12,288 2,880 1,456- 18,294 102,550 199,239 $2,675,250 160, 795 74,573 36,088 430,265 298,822 11,440 38,619 75,507 76,900 22,201 56,083 120,414 7,743 6,672 15,320 153,963 103,695 23,976 907,487 $48,275 150 72 21,076 244 50 1,840 3,000 1,200 10 2,327 16,784 1,522 $149,968 5,548 7,313 5,068 8,536 4,395 732 3,282 1,030 5,522 1,720 19,132 8,137 1,290 2,065 1,248 2,180 480 11,564 4,805 1,713 54,209 $191,356 $10,349,260 1,109 3,102 763 9,381 12,508 143 625 4,626 1,160 256 3,629 2,100 1,039 370 182 469 132 1,985 3,786 10,541 133,450 605,572 246,607 32, S12 1,282,597 1,256,136 32,068 59,624 2,446,248 72,135 63,564 11,875 565,897 344,124 15,196 15,195 26,052 37,176 95,681 142,896 25,102 2,972,703 $258,090 4,555 10,466 1,653 7,429 19,564 355 514 38,854 8,867 835 38,432 3,084 2,430 683 523 1,262 615 5,227 5,727 127 106,988 $17,067,642 $6,460,292 9,109 5,247 558 3,304 911,633 414,816 106,801 2,097,678 2,184,452 59,519 125,276 2,714,036 227,836 103,391 216,635 778, 614 449,249 37,352 38,200 53,955 80,187 462,710 693,067 71,272 5,241,063 301,406 157,743 72,336 807,652 908,752 27,096 65,138 228,934 146,834 38,992 166,328 209,633 102,695 21,573 22,482 26,641 42,396 361,802 544,444 46,043 2,161,372 266 121 47 362 809 50 6 1,324 258 1,384 131 202 74 31 49 114 238 2 3,627 155 80 646 730 1,285 " "26' 50 38 2,239 58 373 111 121 282 163 200 99 119 135 24 31 11 87 234 2 1,015 75 170 177 2 Same number reported for one or more other months. 1 Same number reported throughout the year. Gas machines and gas and water meters 2 Glas!!, cutting, staining, and omar menting 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 1 Haodstamps 2 House-furmshing goods, feather pil- lowsandbeds 1 Jewelry 2 Liquors, malt 3 Looking-glass and picture frames 3 Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats and hat frames 1 Musical instruments, violins and other stringed instruments 1 Photo-engravisg ^Drgmzedty'm Pickles and sauces 2 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Structural ironwork, not made in _ , L,wor1i;s,or,, riilliag mills 2 Toys and games Vinegar Washing machines and clothes wringers Wirework. Wood, turned and carved V. 2 814 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI . Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDU3TKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- ?erin- end- ents, and man- agers. Clerics, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. ■WAGE EARNERS, DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ST. LOinS— All industries .'. 2,7^7 Automobile.'!, including bodies and 16 parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making . Boots and shoes, including cut stock and flndlngs. Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bron2e products , Bread and other bakery products Brick tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms, from broom com Buttons Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations. Clothing, men's Men's and youths' Boys' Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks Undergarments and petticoats. . . All other Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding ColHns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified. Copper, tm, and sheet-iron work Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere spec- ified. Dental goods Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Enameling and japanning Engraving and diesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- ified. Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Furnisliing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan or willow ~ Metal 1 Store and office fixtures Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured Jewelry Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds 5 10 10 23 27 23 16 11 470 19 13 3 3 10 78 67 11 5 23 118 13 105 9 56 36 4 16 6 104, 187 542 18 295 78 514 10,260 837 423 3,513 3,496 84 12 7 234 1,749 1,714 35 1,748 1,130 58 3,233 3,158 75 2,593 1,097 848 648 1,093 462 1,971 1,726 245 • 657 646 21 273 1,728 84 42 13 95 174 140 4,204 1,152 3,052 489 3,063 2,035 533 495 279 210 159 350 322 5,488 19 461 1,227 441 178 1,900 478 1 11 5 4 4 73 61 12 23 3,930 10,450 32 13 25 152 46 36 28 73 53 12 91 84 7 109 63 21 25 68 12 64 33 31 24 46 15 14 50 270 71 199 22 162 96 36 30 15 10 47 2,849 56 16 18 1,114 39 30 37 415 183 93 56 12 286 274 12 112 63 17 32 442 33 169 145 24 31 75 152 64 19 127 323 45 278 31 193 126 45 22 31 10 2 12 18 428 1 Owned power only. Digitized 15 1 12 7 12 261 19 11 3 64 by 85,058 434 13 219 36 441 8,729 786 .758 349 2,483 3,212 196 1,482 1,462 20 1,668 784 23 2,743 2,694 49 2,271 923 789 559 499 413 1,640 1,472 168 481 165 14 154 1,420 65 39 5 78 98 390 3,470 1,024 2,446 424 2,646 1,778 442 426 217 179 139 319 248 4,941 14 428 1,040 /vAi Ap 90, 433 My 487 Fe My ■My 3 Fe 18 265 40 478 Ap 10,455 Fe 841 Jy 866 Au 382 Oc 2,522 Je 3,650 De 70 Mh3 9 No 7 Ap 257 My 1,817 My 8 21 Ap 1,736 Se Ap2 31 Ja 3, 072 Ap 56 Se 1,059 Ja 914 Se 656 Ja3 Fe 516 434 Oc 1, 719 Au 218 Se 692 Se Ta Au 627 180 14 164 Ja 1,578 Mh 73 Ja3 40 Oc3 6 Ja 75 Au Oo 120 445 Mh 1,929 Mh 3 482 Au 481 Fe 227 Fe No 195 155 Je 3S0 Ja 279 Je 5,244 Au 20 Ja 472 Au 1,125 Ja 372 Oo 141 40 De 76,373 Do 321 No No No 3 No 10 174 30 412 No 5,768 Oc 710 No 675 Fe 325 My 2,420 De 2,533 re» 56 Jy3 3 Mh 1 Au 127 De 1,080 Ja3 19 De3 1,603 De Oc 733 17 Oo 2,159 Au 42 De No No My De 721 690 463 483 391 Ap 1,368 Fe ' 126 Ja 617 430 60 (0 14 Jy 143 De 3 1,295 De No 3 De3 Ja3 Fe 56 38 3 60 59 89 358 Mh Fe 1,107 2,707 De No 837 1,941 Se 488 De 325 De 1, 662 De 348 Mh 371 No 197 De Ja 160 121 Fe 290 Au 217 De 4,719 Fe3 12 No 376 De 946 De 297 "e 131 84,826 sir 11 215 34 424 8,085 760 697 346 2,515 67 186 1,582 1,661 21 1,606 776 21 2,970 2,916 54 2,3Bg 917 858 564 493 391 1,613 1,453 160 591 484 158 14 156 1,320 55 41 7- 76 60 106 443 2,985 892 2,093 430 2,621 1,744 449 428 172 144 324 260 4,901 15 381 364 144 63.623 20,104 374" 11 86 14 186 5,105 233 653 3i4 1,814 3,182 64 5 7 168 1,561 1,540 21 1,604 672 16 860 129 17 217 2,842 455 11 10 824 2,068 36 18 480 1 374 68 38 627 470 157 573 474 149 11 61 877 53 40 5 44 33 106 310 2,968 888 2,080 113 2,639 1,680 433 426 193 152 84 324 232 4,635 12 339 962 353 113 534 757 515 181 80 961 958 3 417 113 307 53 40 12 1 3 13 59 262 617 18 582 48 23 *314,728,285 1,688,065 29,999 478,613 166,663 615,304 22,886,292 2,027,326 1,854,119 1,639,448 6,957,769 11,588,416 35,309 3,257 2,150 669,829 3,619,437 3,580,293 39,144 981,301 5,681,501 57,734 4,045,677 3,931,691 113,986 2,004,996 975,981 567,742 461,273 6,123,203 1,249,573 3,372,877 2,440,544 932,333 1,190,209 1,005,473 602,355 137,551 638,912 3,418,417 51,352 14,737 2,247 39,977 508,968 1,585,258 1,309,700 10,987,923 3,040,870 7,947,053 357,035 5,324,067 3,772,954 821,184 729,929 286,611 373,831 106,378 3,610,029 183,335 56,199,389 22,977 941,925 2,303,731 275,254 'er, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 815 ^EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks.etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poracion- income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' lu- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contmued. $9,996,425 113,976,919 {51,149,781 $1,111,623 71,686 38,522 19,645 45,510 432,234 84,938 81,870 7ri88 148,526 244,171 2,150 32,664 140,790 137,298 3,492 31,098 199,035 19,562 205,342 194,292 11,050 210,528 120,408 47,228 42,892 222,050 37,600 150,263 98,459 51,804 56,596 116, 152 17,449 9,300 41,876 233,974 7,704 21,354 41,656 45,607 114,040 549,333 159,533 389,800 46,252 316,182 187,520 64,768 63,894 27,388 18,730 9,680 37,000 41,574 509,679 2,400 64,130 132,601 69,903 14,540 103,604 600 35,691 21,984 26,870 1,640,896 54,656 38,049 53,265 524,517 207,841 4,199 13,614 145,550 145,550 46,778 315,080 11,355 388,635 373,010 15,625 161,356 97,217 21,949 42,190 618,717 39,126, 262,060 241,314 20,746 16,647 26,365 9,636 740 99,145 175,826 1,270 4,488 118,512 44,065 185,885 415,862 64,944 350,918 3-1,887 216,899 138,035 54,252 24,612 35,910 12,786 1,815 10,912 45,332 733,088 11,948 77,242 33,508 10,873 327,286 7,4M 82,699 18,311 204,453 4,453,136 348,675 334,065 236,961 1,422,109 1,776,156 34,595 2,216 1,138 100,964 1,031,902 1,015,297 16,605 1,294,162 458,546 12,336- 1,268,727 1,247,499 21,228 1,062,309 539,483 285,791 237,035 273,729 252,495 648,059 520,252 127,807 325,424 346,187 95,439 8,426 67,131 827,542 45,018 28,922 2,796 40,391 40,598 63,510 176,442 2,437,742 696,962 1,740,780 134,638 1,567,564 974,904 260,461 332,199 131,780 104,158 89,625 271,722 194,770 4,106,988 8,224 236,904 713^522 279,671 88,777 52,684,370 1,900 306 3,932 3,647 155 140 9,173 9,173 3,941 14,729 84,184 69,692 14,492 1,782 150 354 1,278 1,658 210 150 150 3,090 150 31,345 260 100 665 36,116 1,560 ,34,556 2,883 ■2,'883' 4,600 10,944 "4,' 073' "i,'664' 9,042 17,024 1,466 21,296 5,128 14,838 62,423 42,966 33,516 3,382 191,137 14,711 2,285 552 375 13,110 79,408 73,941 5,467 13,321 4,715 114,913 110,253 4,660 97,304 53,528 22,886 20,890 86,068 8,200 83,122 76,006 7,116 11,680 35,903 3,129 2,600 10,855 30,960 5,340 2,352 1,689 6,826 8,650 5,700 29,231 86,060 6,378 79,682 18,500 64,755 41,634 1,738 21,383 14,049 10,959 6,990 1,207 30,562 84,007 3,012 4,910 28,252 16,265 10,317 $11,693,991 7,369 241 2,145 803 1,671 107,346 4,763 13,697 10,513 46,552 78,398 380 31 26 2,810 26, 1.35 25,752 383 2,234 40,373 266 17,721 17,400 321 7,246 4,037 2,040 1,169 22,613 4,804 17,984 10,705 7,279 8,240 6,810 3,513 61 4,204 16,685 376 21 162 115 2,376 4,712 7,780 62, 110 18,475 43,635 1,541 36,515 24,064 8,685 3,766 2,130 918 27,726 4,531 4,306,118 166 4,872 18,413 $198,271,210 1,015,190 2,772 504,421 214,200 139,213 22,548,965 550,828 1,192,891 2,367,125 4,691,840 18,543 17,565 31,896 188,174 596,928 520,305 84,502 2,210 447 369,744 1,034 73 81 3,040 2,715,682 2,703,012 12,670 788,500 25,810 24,784 1,026 46,028 3,891,935 50,724 3,788,574 3,690,713 97,861 2,928,141 1,252,382 986,300 689,459 9,109,946 527,989 2,775,558 2, 115, 154 660,404 893,012 948,065 134,428 13,128 485,048 1,186,496 20,397 7,591 133 17,277 411,923 2,593,462 4,247,323 3,911,343 1,102,449 2,808,894 566,756 2,495,045 1,539,134 611,851 344,060 182,455 77,812 252,289 176,794 234,949 5,177,175 14,900 393,226 893,573 $5,535,086 $360,479,868 14,451 778 3,569 2,123 8i,508 81,197 67,986 1,059 21,937 20,9,32 1,005 19,181 8,955 5,903 4,323 53,239 5,012 51,605 31,586 20,019 10,487 10,202 7,967 748 3,624 42,076 6,008 1,946 6 562 3,080 11,790 20,541 242,026 105,710 136,316 1,314 40,275 17,644 12,157 10,474 11,601 7,407 1,397 240,827 1,362 471,594 265 9,082 30,962 1,881,578 26,378 754,572 357,620 582,532 31,048,945 1,255,751 2,036,182 2,936,923 9,453,546 4,059,758 142,059 7,650 3,800 632,577 4,484,048 4,423,148 60,900 2,235,117 6,471,061 159,655 6,829,034 6,596,260 232,774 5,353,268 2,573,746 1,530,399 1,249,123 11,971,901 958,607 4,668,334 3,589,785 1,078,549 1,447,103 1,793,360 306,358 58,346 1,171,492 3,275,247 107, 538 51,516 12,318 106,512 •770,471 2,964,053 5,129,857 8,886,184 2,316,215 6,569,969 901,718 5,621,890 3,421,949 1,180,964 1,018,977 576,999 305, 183 387,197 1,128,614 655,198 26,829,474 33,733 814,509 2,112,814 1,180,214 $158,673,572 851,937 22,828 246,682 141,297 434,811 8,418,783 686,380 825,726 537,902 ■ 4,573,632 2,942,525 56,523 5,367 3,272 259,793 1,742,556 1,695,352 47,204 1,400,689 2,511,140 107,872 3,018,523 2,884,615 133,908 2,4a5,946 1,312,409 538, 196 555,341 2,808,716 425,606 1,841,171 1,443,045 398, 126 543,604 835,093 163,963 44,470 682,820 2,046,675 81,133 41,979 12,179 88,683 365,468 358,801 881,993 4,732,815 1,108,066 3,624,769 333,648 3,086,570 1,865,171 666,956 664,443 382,943 219,964 133,511 710,993 418,887 21,180,705 18,668 412,201 1,188,279 654,685 169,982 17 90 227 246 5,602 542 3,982 445 2,163 6,789 27 4 18 831 1,251 1,221 30 1,390 48 798 789 9 681 228 221 132 1,808 755 2,105 1,320 785 1,227 377 '349 6 85 1,400 443 11 17 97 1,598 1,083 7,390 1,271 6,119 35 4,856 3,440 643 873 360 170 16 8,700 111 25,210 5 1,325 4,948 1,155 234 127,647 130 3,950 125 2,945 160 822 6,405 785 597 1,120 350 350 253 750 . 910 335 985 225 1,450 675 3,483 1,015 2,468 4,247 3,340 450 457 8,300 24,252 1,215 3,520 500 5,806 20 66 114 175 1,508 30 1,478 114 62 62 400 915 "iso' 8 36,521 3 Same number reported for one or moi^ ' Same number reported throughout the year. 400 17 90 97 246 1,652 397 1,013 319 27 3 44 636 606 30 793 442 433 9 481 228 121 132 1,555 5 864 410 444 263 104 5 40 1,370 443 11 17 97 148 2,397 226 2,171 35 495 48 93 354 360 170 16 111 43 5 110 1,298 655 234 48,998 2,100 125 5 1,351 80 78 670 10 54 484 379 105 53 732 340 392 673 264 120 1,579 i2,"978 76 10 816 MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CUT. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAENEKS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST KEPKESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male, Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 39 ST. LOUIS— Continued. Millinery and lace goods Trimmed hats and hat frames All other ' Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paint and varnish Patent medicines and compounds. Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere Prmting and publishing, book and job Job printing Book publishing and printing Linotype work and typesetting . . . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing. - ■ ■ uhli' ■ Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Refrigerators Saddlery and harness Shirts. Show cases Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Stamped ware Statuary and art goods Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and furnaces, includmg gas and oil. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling niills. Surgical appliances Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, cigars Trunks and valises Vinegar and cider Window and door screens and weather strips. Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. Wood, turned and carved All other industries * 20 11 9 38 16 26 100 6 17 12 217 195 15 7 110 20 23 67 6 3 5 211 8 5 6 4 312 7.33 544 189 366 111 812 1,261 276 118 229 102 4,372 4,142 188 42 ,2,928 2,135 524 161 547 30 2,432 192 2,366 796 663 58 113 2,373 1,216 17 .310 853 539 50 103 863 19 21,564 186 177 4 5 66 5 11 40 2 18 7 2 2 4 218 37 26 11 40 8 68 119 16 8 22 13 204 180 23 1 154 75 33 46 14 183 229 8 17 36 25 571 475 93 3 928 784 53 91 13 130 1 30 2 194 7 353 122 40 18 45 11 6 102 43 176 10 4 151 116 34 1 134 75 607 618 466 152 262 77 515 252 158 55 3,260 3,194 34 32 1,489 1,137 3S2 126 369 19 2,348 175 2,047 521 611 41' 93 1,916 1,002 12 726 595 454 23 79 11 18, 125 Fe 705 Fe 168 Jy 387 Ja , 87 Je Ap Je My Ap Je Fe 613 747 350 60 173 63 308 Mh 3,363 No 3,081 .la 42 Kb 29 Fe» 34 Je 29 Mh 1,195 De 378 My 162 De 537 No 3 20 Fe 3,058 Mh 185 De 2,187 565 739 45 94 Ap 2,409 My Mh My Ap 1,064 12 780 613 516 Mh Au3 ^y Fe 23 lU 798 15 Je Je Ja Oc Ja No De Oc No De De 239 143 196 65 427 660 139 33 140 48 Jy 335 (*) Fe 95 Au 332 Ap3 18 Se 1, 155 No 163 Mh 1,931 Se 477 No 435 De 36 Je 92 Au 1.241 De 889 ■s No De No Go 12 650 574 292 23 57 645 6 600 453 147 256 77 463 700 189 49 153 57 231 3,281 3,215 1,471 1,105 366 103 394 19 2,901 164 2,208 497 581 41 95 2,186 12 660 604 403 23 66 662 12 18,546 67 45 22 248 76 430 252 189 14 144 33 234 2,393 2,335 28 30 1,350 1,046 304 100 381 19 267 164 2,150 341 441 40 91 2,155 963 10 477 532 356 23 66 610 12 14,456 525 404 121 32 436 791 783 4 2 2,582 63 142 140 1 1 21 2 160 57 43 3,822 52 138 1701,451 672,802 128,649 653,914 73,985 4,792,101 '3,877,261 385,268 420,550 157,331 118,362 6,056,125 5,515,902 461,741 78,482 5,238,065 4,129,324 925,961 182,770 227,062 1,322,265 103,867 1,255,015 355,895 7,792,947 3,086,373 1,963,922 75^425 63,950 9,019,131 2,495,835 6,923 1,507,419 523,749 798,194 162,383 175,014 3,298,609 18,180 88,576,872 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements Artificial flowers Artiflciallimbs Artificial stone products Asbestos products Babbitt metal and solder Bags, other than paper Baking powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Bells Belting, leather Billiard tables and materials Bluing Boxes, cigar Brushes Butter Cars and shop construction and re- pairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies.. 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. 5 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 3 Clocks 1 Clothing, men'S; buttonholes 2 Cordage and twine 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 3 Corsets 1 Cotton goods 1 Cotton lace 1 Dairymen's supplies, other than cream separators 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engravers' materials 1 Engraving, wood 6 Envelopes '. 5 Feathers and plumes 2 Fertilizers 3 Fire extinguishers, chemical 4 Flags and banners 1 Foundry supplies 1 Fuel, manufactured 1 Furgoods 3 Furs, dressed 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 Gas machines 1 Glass 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 3 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 3 Hardware 7 Hardware, saddlery 2 Hat and cap materials 1 Hats,fur-felt 5 Hats, straw ^ 4 House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. 2 Ink, writmg 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific '.- 4 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters ... 3 Iron and steel forgings 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS «- ALL INDUSTRIES COMB,;NED. Cape Gibabdeau Columbia Hannibal jErFEEsoN City.. JOPLIN Mobeely St. Charles Sedalia Speingfield Webb City 42 1,397 30 46 39 23 1,259 22 572 17 21) 40 16 479 66 2,758 61 100 182 49 2,366 50 1,846 51 116 241 37 1,401 100 1,466 92 65 117 36 1,156 30 1,603 22 50 100 20 1,411 19 1,921 13 50 155 20 1,683 69 1,133 63 51 103 13 903 109 2,433 94 122 159 49 2,009 20 T m Z^ [Jb /A/ icfb Ap Ja Je Au Jy 1,330 593 2,484 1,531 1,206 Oc 1,514 Se 1,867 Se 1, 083 Jy 2,248 No Je De De Ja De My De Mh 1,078 194 2,194 1,106 1,086 1,330 1,370 784 1,843 123 1,268 496 2,288 1,419 1,169 1,490 1,392 952 1,972 146 1,047 365 1,815 747 975 1,335 1,179 819 1,851 133 214 130 470 614 187 146 212 127 115 $3,074,138 1,414,210 4,055,980 4,536,523 4,037,667 2,066,174 4,150,240 2,385,820 7,010,199 ■746,382 'Owned power only. ^Includes rented power, other than electric. ' Same number reported for one or more oth^r months. • No wage earners employed. MANUFACTURES— MISSOURI. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 817 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value . added by- manufac- ture. J POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of faotorx. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration- income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. J87,621 $53,110 67,207 20,314 63,132 13,252 47,175 5,935 32,620 8,064 198,985 229,189 395,052 20,447 30 860 52,904 16,480 374,999 5,824 93,167 33,464 19,939 26,664 9,699 493,373 , 443,453 48,360 1,560 728,740 665,064 63,244 432 606,164 1,218,676 320,048 86,470 957,538 99,025 93,646 28,580 162,113 21,947 58,920 4,800 71,331 35,530 186,488 116,163 1,482 46,598 10,112 258.957 62,877 42,430 18,636 20,900 261,848 204,192 46,758 1,884 5,766 458,911 132,998 134,890 3,120 59,741 26,936 60,634 60,265 21,583 62,121 21,035 17,489 11,620 9,4?2 147,263 196,391 1,817,573 2,465,342 $266,569 198,184 68,385 155,335 51,261 337,308 332,056 114,020 21,804 144,631 29,000 169,609 2,193,311 2,138,314 21,091 33,906 1,460,718 1,149,833 310,885 242,446 14,126 915, 604 101,013 1,352,077 279,289 333,615 33,866 66,931 1,335,670 720,350 5,181 363,079 378, 150 276,024 12,166 66,201 350,745 7,077 10,845,649 $3,050 120 359 25,277 33,226 7,352 1,800 222,048 66,624 154,424 1,000 432,431 26,706 27,328 378,397 1,197 2,500 7,570 10,710 500 795 132,062 $43,564 30,904 12,660 17,693 6,599 53,665 61,934 7,003 3,636 13,155 3,558 8,040 216,026 202,623 11,248 2,165 140, 889 106,537 14,395 19,957 6,238 34,905 2,520 48, 075 8,760 15,320 26,329 42,827 4,500 4,800 7,920 780 12,469 26,816 39,663 7,637 1,620 16,167 899 345,288 $2,417 1,680 737 4,008 332 27,834 29,735 4,011 6,180 805 564 3,371 32,508 31, 107 1,186 215 43,995 4,654 440 1,163 8,008 306 4,262 2,355 26,136 15,149' 8,498 326 347 56,675 15,635 114 12,227 95,820 5,425 703 1,137 18,011 77 6,316,560 1781,651 $10,099 646,419 135,232 290,651 33,340 8,488 1,611 7,387 2,930 3,175,879 41,092 1,697,990 36,417 276,094 36,004 314,082 14,666 13,531 2,216 4,824 1,231 229,416 12,639 2,444,694 2,416,160 23,582 4,962 85.635 83,704 529 1,402 2,260,015 61,230 1,872,908 320,730 47,554 13,488 66,377 163,444 188 4,523 943,280 83,170 2,022,860 193,395 33,556,748 5,389 1,510 27,659 6,472 147,009 2,766,978 1,462,569 28,464 29,661 2,673,317 43,842 17,285 2,051 5,463 45,556 1,291,708 34,259 3,265 989,265 483,955 544,982 438 16,838 2,571 10,748 123,744 69,889 1,600 2,518 1,161,489 18,456 3,974 51,063,642 697 2,501,086 $1,625,577 1,338,726 286,851 739,432 157,317 5,002,918 6,084,497 272,853 612,927 362,721 432,260 531,603 7,949,286 7,412,761 470, 122 66,413 8,655,593 6,617,992 1,199,206 938,396 397,789 1,649,099 127,478 3,443,731 426,754 36,506,162 4,919,685 2,340,513 111,374 166,403 7,478,760 2,721,358 17,071 1,812,304 1,293,736 1,402,565 203,865 185,962 3,264,732 15,667 94,320,205 $833,827 683,819 223 205 18 306 76 2,363 488 986 101 60 30 499 3,800 3,760 25 15 2,444 2,044 400 125 125 98 80 18 132 75 393 274 420 101 60 20 99 3,015 2,975 25 15 1,179 779 400 6 5 331 201 10 385 385 812 812 150,008 441,394 174 121,047 1,785,947 4,371,841 222,905 234,617 1,949 135 565 21 79 321,893 116,937 10 400 785 785 289,448 5,418,967 4,912,887 446,011 60,059 6,334,348 4,597,5.10 1,265 1,265 864,987 871,831 229, 822 174 130 69 972 219 5,869 1,358 742 35 197 3,029 1,951 3 630 4 350 62 221 1,521 33 48,214 174 126 9 162 219 129 83 42 36 197 842 1,480 3 205 4 200 .62 115 21 23 6,656 '""463' "2,' 338' 525 470 '"'932' 240 ""604' "336' 1,287 ■i7;926' 700,430 42,798 1,393,222 M 810 4 226,887 2,802,395 2,108,865 5,740 1,276 700 860,669 80,869 131,279 4,769,887 2,187 466 1,396,391 13,368 16 806,201 807,210 390 35 846,826 160 78,521 113,555 2,084,787 11,086 40,756,577 100 1,600 '39,"549' 6 10 2,109 Jewelry and instrument cases 2 Jutegoods 2 Labels and tags 7 Lapidary work 1 Lasts 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 4 Leather, tanned,curried,and&iiished 9 Liquors, vinous 2 Lithographing 10 Lubricatmg greases 1 Malt 1 Minerals and earths, ground 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 4 Mucilage and paste 4 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Musical instruments, organs Musical instruments, pianos Nets and seines. ...'."; Oil, cottonseed, and cake Oil, not elsewhere specified Oleomargarine Optical goods Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Peanuts, grading, roasting, clean- ing, and shelling Photographic apparatus Photographic materials Printing and publishing, music Printing materials Pumps, not including power pumps Regalia and society badges and em- blems Roofing materials, other than metal. Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied _ and balances > Screws, machine Sewing machines Shipbuilding, wooden. Including boatbuilding Signs and advertising novelties Smelting and refining, zinc Smelting and refining, not from the ore Soda-water apparatus Sporting and ath lei ic goods Springs, steel, carriage, and wagon. Steam fittings Steam packing Stencils and brands Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Theatrical scenery.. 1 Tinfoil 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking 7 Toys and games 1 Type founding ' 2 Umbrellas and canes 2 Upholstering materials, not else- where specified 1 Wall plaster 1 Washing machines and clothes wringers 3 Whips 1 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wool pulling 1 Wool scouring 1 CITIES 1 OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $70,793 50,320 140,483 175,289 133,417 65,196 99,817 67,869 205,099 16,110 $144,654 81,930 206,749 338,440 126,539 112,705 183,977 97,287 204,622 22.527 $607,045 205,527 1,329,260 603,229 617,985 856,620 1,018,306 488,164 1,242,970 90,302 $18,000 7,611 3,071 424,453 16,354 3,500 1,500 1,283 5,804 $5,570 9,323 9,806 23,921 24,279 5,796 2,872 18,285 33,384 4,185 $63,696 7,765 37,487 38,661 55,689 16,986 22,646 17,779 42,230 6,140 'Same number reported throughout the yeai ""'""'llillliiJlliiii "" $2,315,651 486,208 3,667,335 4,697,211 3,938,759 1,789,737 3,000,994 1,885,857 3,583,397 471,057 $40,139 16,839 127, 731 46,283 181,476 47,833 72,210 65,043 182,488 16,838 Digmz^st^r MJ^QSOfM $3,888,376 1,269,702 6,214,645 8,086,920 5,950,150 3,136,734 4,993,624 2,921,686 6,192,954 706,227 $1,532,586 767,655 2,419,579 3,343,426 1,829,915 1,299,164 1,920,420 970, 786 2,427,069 218,332 1,989 1,068 3,530 1,826 3,774 1,366 1,869 1,778 4,646 619 1,643 819 2,800 932 1,117 1,105 1,835 1.433 3,534 202 2 86 300 29 4 36 71 65 346 249 728 808 2,357 232 21 309 1,041 352 341 60 1,473 230 113 785 2,494 191 817 30 42 43 44 45 46 47 43 49 SO 61 Be shown without disclosing individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MONTANA. By G. W, RoBBiNS. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Montana was admitted to the Union as a state in 1889. It ranks third in size among the states, having a gross area of 146,997 square nules, of which 146,201 represent land surface. In 1914 there were in Montana 34,746 square miles in unappropriated and unreserved public lands of the United States, 29,652 square miles in national forests, 6,738 square miles in Indian reservations, and 180 square miles in the Yellowstone National Park. The inhabitants of the state in 1900 numbered 243,329, and iu 1910, 376,053, and its estimated population in 1914 was 432,614. In total population, Montana ranked fortieth among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked forty-sixth, with 2.6 inhabitants per square mile; the corresponding figure for 1900 was 1.7. ■ The urban population in^l910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and other incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 133,420, or 35.5 per cent of the total, as against 34.7 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 six cities, each with an estimated population of more than 10)000: Butte, Mis- soula, Great Falls, Helena, Billings, and Anaconda. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 25.2 per cent of the estimated total popula- tion of Montana, reported 20.2 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. Eastern Montana, a high plateau devoted mainly to stock raising, is sparsely settled, and has no impor- tant cities and very limited railway facilities. The western part of the state is mountainous, devoted largely to mining and manufacturing, with several cities of commercial importance, and has better trans- portation facihties than the eastern section. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 4,847. Mon- tana has no navigable rivers of any size but has several mountain streams which are important because of the development of their water power and their use in irrigation. The mineral products of Montana in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, were valued at $54,244,889, the leading prod- ucts being copper, silver, and zinc. The state ranked second in output of copper and of zinc, third in that of silver, and ninth in total value of mineral products. Importance and growth of manufactures. — ^Montana's manufactured products in 1914 were valued, at $84,446,136, and the average number of wage earn- ers employed in its mantifacturing industries was 13,704. In that year the state ranked thirty-sixth in the former respect and forty-first in the latter; the corresponding rankings in 1909 were the same as in 1914. The output of manufactured products in Mon- tana in 1914, compared with the total value of manu- factured products for the United States, was small, representing but three-tenths of 1 per cent; the cor- responding proportions for both 1909 and 1904 were four-tenths of 1 per cent. ' Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state of Montana, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives peircentages of increase from census to census. Table 1. MAHTIFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. 1914- 1999 1904 1899 PEK CENT OP INCKEASE.l 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salmed employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital.. uaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 939 16,363 832 1,827 13,704 91,671 {79,246,396 15,779,858 2, 778.; 653 13,001,205 789,361 1,697,778 46,743,986 84,446,136 37, 702, ISO 677 13,694 659 1,380 11,655 90,402 $44,588,368 12,955,474 2,054,022 10,901,452 322,110 2,307,144 49,180,239 73,271,793 24,091,554 382 10,196 334 905 8,957 46, 736 $52,589,810 10,158,425 1,506,208 8,662,217 224,330 8 1,677,872 40,930,060 66,415,452 25,485,392 t^ 395 508 . 9,854 43,679 $38,224,915 8,162,559 785,737 7,376,822 30,068,101 52,744,997 22,676,896 38.7 19.5 26.3 32.4 17.6- 1.4 77.7 21.8 35.3 19.3 145.1 -30.7 -5.0 15.3 66.5 77.2 34 3 97.3 62:5 30.1 93.4 -15.2 27.5 36.4 26.0 43.5 -3.3 78.1 -9.1 7.0 37.6 21.5 91.7 17.3 20.2 10.3 -5.5 36.1 25.9 12.4 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where comparable figures can not be given: ^ Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. The manufactures of the state showed considerable growth during the 15 years covered by Table 1. Of the three five-year periods covered, the greatest general development occurred from 1904 to 1309..,.Thela^e gain in capital invested from 1909 to 1914 (77.7 per cent) was due almost entirely to the amoimts reported for copper smelting. The large increase in contract ■ work. 145cl^er cent, was caused by several large (819) 820 MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. establishments manuf aoturing lumber which did their own logging in 1909 having this work done by contract in 1914. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading industries in 1914, and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PEB CENT OF INCEEASE.l Niun- berof estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value~added by manufacture. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 939 13,704 100.0 $84,446,136 100.0 J37,702,150 100.0 17.6 30.1 -9.1 15.3 10.3 25.9 66.5 -6.5 12 4 Lumber and timber products 164 16 33 238 19 11 105 32 32 17 19 20 70 163 2,965 3,611 266 900 278 98 274 402 71 191 108 78 «2 4,390 21.6 26.3 1.9 6.6 2.0 0.7 2.0 2.9 0.5 1.4 0.8 0.6 0.6 32.0 6,720,881 5,833,618 4,890,275 2, 794, 587 2,566,979 2,134,199 1,311,259 1,269,500 1,217,683 474,313 392,507 334, 805 306,092 54,199,438 8.0 6.9 5.8 3.3 3.0 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 64.2 4,364,917 3,291,662 ,988,343 2,094,951 1,791,201 409,295 600,680 761,493 206,661 324,480 175,361 173,427 187,979 22,331,700 11.6 8.7 2.6 5.6 4.8 1.1 1.6 2.0 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 59.2 -4.5 88.8 143.8 30.2 13.0 -6.7 28.0 27.2 40.0 84.1 -5.9 67.3 6.1 107.5 124.8 32.4 5.2 3.9 19.6 28.8 190.7 27.8 102.9 78.8 8.6 42.0 40.9 2.5 108.5 113.8 51.6 35.7 -2.3 9.1 105.0 22.7 -2.6 49.8 25.5 26.0 218.5 12.5 67.6 91.2 17.3 44.7 47.6 ■■23:5' 18.9 31 4 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad Flour-mill and gristmill products 152.1 43.7 -1.6 -0.8 29.5 Liquors, malt 38.3 Slaughtering and meat packing Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products. Butter 32.9 -10.2 -36.'6' 48.1 13.1 77.9 -27.2 80.8 -33.8 1.1 -21.8 107.3 33.6 104.3 Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Tobacco, cigars 144.5 -4.4 191.5 18.1 "55'7' 141.7 (2) 166.7 13.3 59.6 '1 1 Percentages are based on figures ia Table 28; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; not be given. 2 Same number reported in both years. Separate statistics are presented for 13 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $300,000, were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding $5,000,000; 1 with products between $4,000,000 and $5,000,000; 3 with products between $2,000,000 and $4,000,000; 3 with products between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000; and 4 with products less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," are copper smelting, lead smelting, beet sugar, and cement, having products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, but the statistics can not be shown separately without the possibOity of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The manufacture of lumber, the operations of steam-railroad repair shops, and of flour mills and gristmills, the three leading industries in regard to value of products, show variations in rank of wage earners and value added by manufacture. The manufacture of lumber ranked first in value of products and value added by manufacture, but second in average nuinber of wage earners. The operations of steam-railroad repair shops, second in value of products and in value added by manufacture, was first in number of wage earners. Flour mills and gristmills, third in value of products and fifth in value added by manufat in number of wage earners. In this" industry the percentages are omitted where base is le& than 100, or where comparable figures can work is done largely by machinery and comparatively few employees are required. The proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is very small in comparison with the corresponding-proportion for most of the other industries. Printing and pub- hshing, fourth in value of products, was third in value added by manufacture and number of wage earners. Malt liquors, fifth in value of products and in num- ber of wage earners, was fourth in value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products, there were a few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in this table, the man- ufacture of lumber, the repair shops of steam-railroad companies, and slaughtering and meat packing held the same rank in both censuses — ^first, second, and sixth, respectively. Flour mills and gristmills, print- ing and pubhshing, and the manufacture of malt liquors, ranking third, fourth, and fifth in 1914, were fourth, fifth, and third, respectively, in 1909. Butter and confectionery, which were not shown for 1909, rank ninth and eleventh, respectively, in 1914. For the remaining industries, slight changes from census to census are noticeable. Lumher and timber products. — ^This industry embraces the operations of logging camps, sawmills, and planing mills. A shght decrease is noticeable in the average number of wage earners during the period 1909-1914, amounting to 141, or 4.5 per cent, with an increase in value of products from $6,333,778 in 1909 to $6,720,881 in 1914, or ^.1 per cent. This decrease in number of but increase in value of product is ex- plained by the fact that in 1909 but $289,666 was MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. 821 expended for contract work, as compared with $618,982 in 1914. The percentage of increase during the 10-year period from 1904 to 1914 for value of products was 115.3 per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam- railroad companies. — The statistics for this industry- represent the work done in car shops operated by steam-raihroad companies and consists principally of repairs to roUing stock and equipment. The increase in the number of wage earners was very pronounced during the five-year period 1909-1914, amounting to 1,698, or 88.8 per cent, the number of wage earners in 1914 forming 26.3 per cent of the total number^or the state, as compared with 16.4 per cent in 1909. The value of products also increased from $2,810,521 in 1909 to $5,833,618 in 1914, or 107.5 per cent. Flour-^miU and gristmiU products. — ^This industry does not include the small custom mills grinding ex- clusively for toll or local consumption. There is a marked increase in the number of estabUshments, value of products, average number of wage earners, and value added by manufacture during the five-year period 1909-1914. The value of products increased $2,715,039, or 124.8 per cent; wage earners 151, or 143.8 pfer cent. Printing and publisJiirig. — ^This classification includes establishments engaged in printing and pubhshing newspapers and periodicals and in job printing. Over one-fourth of the total number of estabUsh- ments reported for the state were engaged in this industry in 1914, and they employed 6.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners. There was an increase of 103 establishments and of $683,358, or 32.4 per cent, in the value of products from 1909 to 1914. The increase in value of products, however, was less than for the period 1904r-1909. Liquors, moZ^.— Nineteen establishments were en- gaged in this industry in 1914, as compared with 21 in 1909. During the period the value of products increased $127,147, or 5.2 per cent. Wage earners also increased 13 per cent. The percentage of increase in value of products for the five-year period 1909-1914 is less than is shown for the five-year period 1904-1909. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the nimiber of persons en- gaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explana- tion of terms." Table 3. Cen- sus year. PEBSONS ENQAGED IN MANUFACTUK- ING INDnSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 .1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 16,363 13,694 15,820 13,387 543 307 96.7 97.8 3.3 2.2 Proprietors and olficials 1,352 1,143 1,313 1,126 39 17 97.1 .98.5 2.9 1.5 Proprietore and firm members. . . Salaried officers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number)... 832 659 129 89 391 395 1,307 896 13,704 11,655 799 645 124 88 390 393 1,133 796 13,374 11,465 33 14 5 1 1 2 174 100 330 190 96.0 97.9 96.1 98.9 99.7 99.5 86.7 88.8 97.6 98.4 4.0 2.1 3.9 1.1 0.3 0.5 13.3 11.2 2.4 1.6 1914 1909 1914 1909 13,641 11,625 63 30 13,323 11,436 51 29 318 189 12 1 97.7 98.4 81.0 96.7 2.3 Under 16 years of age. . . 1.6 19.0 3.3 During the five years ending with 1914 there was an increase in the number of all classes of persons engaged in the manufactures of the state, except superintendents and managers. Males largely pre- dominate in aU classes; the number of females re- ported for 1914 (543) was so small that it has but slight effect on the conditions of employment. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 28. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4. All classes- Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over r^-;vui*;j*>s.- so- under 16 years of age UlQlUZ&Cl- PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANXJFACTURING INDUSTEIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 19.6 18.3 26.3 Male. 18.2 16.6 23.9 -1.0 -0.8 45.9 42.3 16.7 hyMihromm': Female. 76.9 74.0 73.7 3 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 8.3 5.1 0.8 2.4 8.0 83.7 83.4 0.4 100.0 4.8 0.6 2.9 6.5 85.1 84.9 0.2 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 8.3 5.1 0.8 2.5 7.2 84.5 84.2 0.3 100.0 0.7 2.9 5.9 85.6 85.4 0.2 Female. 1911 1909 100.0 7.2 6.1 0.9 0.2 32.0 60.8 58.6 2.2 100.0 5.5 4.6 0.3 0.7 32.6 61.9 61.6 0.3 i A minus sien (—) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 822 MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 45.9 per cent, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners 16 years of age and over formed the largest class — 83.4 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing in the state in 1914 and 84.9 per cent in 1909. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age is given in Table 5 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 5 Census year. ■WAGE EAKNEK3. Average number.i Per cent of total. INDUSTKT. 16 years ot age and over. Un- done Male. Fe- male. ol age. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 13, 704 11,655 8,957 97.2 98.1 97.7 2.3 1.6 1.6 0.5 0.3 0.7 Bread and other bakery products 274 214 191 189 3,611 1,913 256 105 402 316 278 246 2,965 3,106 900 691 4,827 4,875 67.9 72.0 99.0 99.5 99.9 99.8 98.0 99.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.8 99.6 83. 7 88.9 96.9 98.7 24.1 28.0 "'b'.b' 1.2 1.0 8.0 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 0.1 0.2 0.8 Foundry and machine-shop products T.ilTnhftr fl.Tld timbflr prnH,iint-<5 0.1 0.2 12.1 9.6 2.8 1.1 0.1 PrmtiTig *\Tid pilbliRhi"g 0.2 2.2 1.5 0.3 0.2 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." For aU industries combined, the actual number of male and female wage earners 16 years of age and over has increased from census to census. The pro- portion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greater in 1909 than in 1904 or 1914, whereas the proportion of females 16 years of age and over was the same in both 1904 and 1909, but iacreased slightly in 1914. The proportion as well as actual number of children under 16 employed as wage earners iacreased during the period 1909 to 1914. Table 6 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those J909::ndl90t "' ""' ""'''^/5}-5?f/2fetf?/^/ Table 6 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBEB OF WAGE EARNERS IN— Ana- conda. Bil- lings. Butte. Great Falls. Hel- ena. Mis- soula. Total . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 251 97 329 226 659 1622 478 1,202 495 420 349 447 428 16 years of age and over: Male 239 88 305 212 550 1558 422 101 159 SO 8 5 6 1,187 400 360 281 72 60 59 23 432 428 Female 8 8 .20 10 8 4 1 4 4 7 9 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 95.2 90.7 92.7 93.8 83.5 189.7 88.3 15.3 19.5 10.5 1.2 0.8 1.2 98.8 ?2 80.8 85.7 80.5 14.5 ,14.3 16.9 4.6 100.0 Female 3.2 8.2 6.i 4.4 1 8 Under 16 years of age 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.8 1.6 2.6 1 Figures do not agree with those published because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. ' Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Butte and Helena are the only cities for which com- parable figures are available for each of the three cen- sus periods. For all other cities, except Great Falls, comparable figures are available for 1914 and 1909. Butte and Helena show an increase in wage earners for the five-year period 1909-1914 of 5.9 and 17.9 per cent, respectively, as compared with an increase of 30.1 and 20.3 per cent, respectively, for the five-year period 1904-1909. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average nimiber employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 7. January... February . March April May June July August September. October November. December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i " 1914 14,260 13, 154 13, 187 14,395 15,172 15,230 15,677 13,232 12,386 12,920 12,368 12, 417 1909 10,873 10,772 10,900 10,874 11,292 11,195 11,550 11,841 12,435 13,127 12,996 12,003 1904 8,926 8,788 8,503 8,731 8,964 8,904 8,819 9,141 9,451 9,475 9,089 8,693 Per cent of maximum. 1914 91.0 83.9 84.1 91.8 96.8 97.5 100.0 84.4 79.0 82.4 78.9 79.2 1909 82.8 82.1 83.0 82.8 86.0 .85.3 88.0 90.2 94.7 100.0 99.0 91.4 1904 94.2 92.7 89,7 92.1 94.6 94.0 93.1 96.5 99.7 100.0 95.9 91.7 1 The flgOTCs for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. For 1914 the late spriag and early summer months ft5Lt!hfi.fiJ^test activity in the combined industries the maximum number of wage earners MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. 823 appearing for July and the minimum for November. For 1909 and 1904 the fall and early winter months show the greatest activity, the largest number being reported for October in both census years. The smallest number of wage earners employed was in February in 1909 and in March in 1904. The greatest actual difference between the maximum and the mini- mum months in any of the three census years was 3,309, or 21.1 per cent, in 1914. Table 8 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a ntimber of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the six cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. All industries combined for the state reflect con- siderable stabihty in the employment of wage earners. July, the month of greatest employment, shows 15,677 wage earners, while November, the month of least employment, shows 12,368 wage earners, the minimum forming 78.9 per cent of the maximum. Table 8 WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum figures.) by italic njDCSTBT AND CITY. Ayer- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on the 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent Janu- ary. Febru- ary. March. AprU. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All industries 13,704 14,260 267 116 3,334 260 414 262 2,703 860 6,044 3,739 13,154 lOS S,292 243 437 262 2,683 866 5,037 3,312 13, 187 14,395 15,172 15,280 15,677 13,232 12,386 12,920 n,S68 12,417, 78 9 Bread and other bakery products 274 191 3,611 2S6 402 278 2,965 900 4,827 3,383 247 104 3,494 240 425 262 2,422 881 5,112 3,350 267 184 3,526 2S7 437 280 3,138 893 5,433 3,690 272 252 3,532 241 432 283 3,637 909 5,614 3,805 287 296 3,534 240 471 292 3,803 876 5,481 3,767 295 332 3,860 245 472 300 3,621 926 5,626 3,869 294 305 3,887 252 392 296 3,157 939 3,710 3,167 287 207 3,822 273 361 291 2,595 928 s,m 3,091 278 145 3,733 282 S2B 278 2,730 948 4,204 3,041 278 129 3,844 282 326 269 2,694 901 3,645 2,944 274 119 3,474 277 335 set g,S97 884 4,396 2,821 82 Cars and general shop construction and repairs 84 7 Foundry and nTachine-sfiop products ... 68 2 Liquors, malt 87 Printing aid pu^^IisliinE 90 2 72 9 251 329 659 1,202 495 447 254 306 634 1,721 4S6 398 260 eig 1,316 428 400 248 300 636 1,289 458 419 262 310 661 1,575 468 414 271 325 692 1,621 471 425 290 325 715 1,544 477 416 274 347 690 1,540 527 491 227 343 672 887 552 486 356 658 790 569 601 234 352 664 757 552 482 233 353 638 689 534 497 242 335 636 695 478 43S BlLUNGS 83 1 Helena ... 74 9 Of the selected industries, the manufacture of brick (a seasonal industry) shows the greatest degree of fluctuation in the number of wage earners employed, the number reported for February being but 31 per cent of the number in July. The greatest stability of employment is shown for printing and publishing, for which the minimum number formed 90.2 per cent of the maximum. Of the six cities, the least variation in employment appears for Butte, for which the per- centage that the minimum formed of the maximum being 85.6. Great Falls shows the greatest variation in the number employed, the largest number, 1,721, being employed in January and the smallest, 689, in November, the miniTmim forming only 40 per cent of the maximum. For no other city was the correspond- ing percentage less than 74.8. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 9 the average number of wage earners reported, for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed.- A similar classification is given, for 1914 oiily, for all industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. The figures in this table, for all industries combined, show a tendency to shorten the hours of labor per week. In 1914, 6,023, or 44 per cent of the total average niunber of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estabUshments where the prevailing hours of labor were more than 54 per week, whereas 6,609, or 56.7 per cent, were so employed in 1909. On the other hand, the number of wage earners whose working hom^ were 54 Qr less per week increased from 5,046, or 43.3 per cent of the total for the state in 1909,, to 7,681, or 56 per cent of the total in 1914. Digitized by Microsoft® 824 MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. Table 9 Census year. AVESAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54 54 Between 54Emd60 60 Between 60 and 72 72 Over 72 19H 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 13,704 11,655 2,552 1,607 2,598 154 2,531 3,285 3,220 4,195 2,429 1,966 369 422 2 12 14 274 214 191 189 3,611 1,913 256 105 402 316 278 246 2,965 3,106 900 691 4,827 4,875 3,383 84 44 131 131 445 4 132 39 10 33 1,001 1,333 95 36 50 37 5 3 972 1,551 98 177 168 76 373 7 11 18 4 1,656 105 29 98 29 21 17 S 8" J 9 3 1 Cars and general shop construction and. repairs by steam-railroad companies . 385 148 124 253 1 74 63 10 5 96 59 342 275 204 199 69 38 711 339 470 522 1,543 2 4 1 4 60 41 36 9 59 164 1,384 3,857 1,311 Liauors.malt. 2 7 2 1,822 1,367 4 6 470 388 73 1 66 141 Lumber and timber products - - 28 5 2,172 1 57 All other industries 161 22 24 4' 2 Total for cities 6 2 251 329 659 1,202 495 447 175 132 408 560 183 85 71 54 72 53 104 19 3 103 138 575 155 337 2 32 12 10 12 5 Btt.t.tt^^S 6 26 4 21 ' 2 3 Great Falls, . 20 1 Of the 3,383 (average number) wage earners em- ployed in the six cities in 1914, 3,284, or 97.1 per cent, were in establishments where the prevailing hours were less than 60 per week, while only 26, or eight- tenths of 1 per cent, were in establishments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. Location of establishmeiits. — Table 10 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Montana were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that some of the cities — Anaconda, Billings, and Missoula — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, were in- cluded in the districts outside of the cities at prior censuses. This table shows that for 1914, the cities, which represented 25.2 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 33 per cent of the total number of establishments, 24.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, 21.2 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, and 20.2 per cent of the total value of products. Table 10 Number of places Population ' Number of establishments. Average number of wage earners . Value of products Value added by manufacture Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 ir Aggregate. 432,614 376,053 243,329 939 677 395 13,704 11,635 9,854 $84, 446, 136 73,271,793 52,744,997 . 37, 702, 15] '/g//«^^)>i»- CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF )0,000 OR OVER. Total. Number or amount. 6 5 2 108,923 84,714 41,240 310 186 83 3,383 1,793 675 $17,038,914 6, 772, 158 2,292,687 Per cent of gate. 25.2 22.5 16.9 33.0 27.5 21.0 24.7 15.4 6.9 20.2 9.2 4.3 21.2 10,000 to 25,000. Number or amount. 5 4 1 67, 142 45, 549 10, 770 203 120 27 2,724 1,171 264 $14,138,419 4,308,378 776,300 6,422,705 ^^91,313 439,981 Per cent of gate. 15.5 12.1 4.4 21.6 17.7 6.8 19.9 10.0 2.7 16.7 5.9 1.5 17.0 10.3 1.9 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 1 • \ 41,781 39, 165 30, 470 • 107 66 56 659 622 411 $2,900,495 2, 463, 780 1,516,387 1,586,174 1,543,809 739,006 Per cent of aggre- 9.7 10.4 12.5 11.4 9.7 14.2 4.8 5.3 4.2 3.4 3.4 2.9 4.2 6.4 3.3 DISTRICTS OUTSTOE OP CITIES HAVINO A POPULATION OF 10,000 OR OVER.' Number or amoimt. 323,691 291,339 202,089 629 491 312 10, 321 9,862 9,179 $67,407,222 66,499,635 50, 452,^10 • 29, 693, 271 20,056,432 21, 497, 909 Per cent of aggre- 74.8 77.5 83.1 67.0 72.5 79.0 75.3 84.6 93.1 79.8 90.8 95.7 78.8 83.3 94.8 ' Includes statistics for Great Falls for 1909 and 1900, to avoid disclosure of individual operation MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. 825 The relative importance in manufactures of each of the six cities ha-ving more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners aird by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904 is shown in Table 11. The cities are hsted in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in that year. Table 11 CITY. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. ' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,202 659 329 495 447 251 (') »622 226 420 428 ^97 "349' $9,156,438 2,900,495 1,633,741 1,481,932 1,112,792 753,516 m $2,463,780 1,243,185 1, 302, 725 1,171,436 591, 032 (') Biitte $1,759,710 Billings Helena 1,163,466 > Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. Great Falls ranked first among the cities as to value of products ia 1914, copper smelting being the pritici- pal industry of the city. The manufacture of malt liquors, flour-mill and gristmill products, and the operations of steam-railroad repair shops are also im- portant industries. The principal iadustries of Butte are printing and publishing, and the manufacture of butter, malt liquors, and confectionery and ice cream. In Billings the principal industries are flour mills and gristmills and the manufacture of lumber and malt liquors. The principal industries in Helena are print- ing and publishing, bread and bakery products, and the operations of steam-railroad repair shops. In Missoula and Anaconda the operations of steam-rail- road repair shops, printing • and publishing, and the manufacture of malt liquors are the leading industries. Helena and Missoula, which ranked fourth and fifth, respectively, among the cities of the state in value of products, if ranked according to the number of wage earners, would rank third and fourth, respectively. Character of ownership. — Table 1 2 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914,1909, and 1904; for selected industries statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments it is necessary to omit several impor- tant industries from this table. Table 12 Gen-. sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY — AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. DIDUSTRT AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AH oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 531 352 204 266 203 lis 142 122 60 13,704 11,655 8,957 1,105 1,108 710 12,179 10,041 7,877 420 506 370 8.1 9.5 7.9 88.9 86.2 87.9 3.1 4.3 4.1 $84,446,136 73,271,793 66,415,452 $3,637,211 3,265,067 1,892,491 $79,314,173 68,458,197 63,369,703 $1,494,752 1,548,529 1,153,258 4.3 4.5 2.8 93.9 93.4 95.4 1.8 2.1 1.8 Bread and other bakery products. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by " steam-railroad com- panies. Foundry and machine- shop products.' 85 54 9 4 5 4 90 85 146 78 146 6 4 16 12 is 8 14 16 38 35 54 41 122 14 13 8 2 ..... 36 35 38 16 42 274 214 3,611 1,913 402 316 278 246 2,965 3,106 900 691 3,383 150 99 23 144 30 119 394 449 193 191 262 97 98 3,611 1,913 364 272 248 227 2,346 2,333 662 468 3,008 27 17 54.7 46.3 35.4 45.8 100.0 100.0 90.5 86.1 89.2 92.3 79.1 75.1 73.6 67.7 88.9 9.9 7.9 3.7 7.6 10.4 5.0 4.6 3.3 1,311,259 1,095,838 5,833,618 2,810)521 1,269,500 986,036 2,566,979 2,439,832 6,720,881 6,333,778 2,794,587 2,111,229 17,038,914 792,594 538,985 336,818 428,672 5,883,618 2,810,521 1,135,906 844,358 2,401,366 2,323,756 5,837,222 4,914,015 2,035,056 1,469,449 15,263,644 181,847 128,181 60.4 49.2 25.7 39.1 100.0 100.0 89.5 85.6 93.5 95.2 86.9 77.6 72.8 69.6 89.6 13.9 11.7 15 225 324 45 32 113. 5.7 13.9 10.8 7.7 13.3 14.5 21.4 27.6 . 7.7 89,410 1141,678 165,613 1 116,076 520,701 793,138 603,756 537,693 1,189,666 44,184 7.0 14.4 6.5 4.8 7.7 12.5 21.6 25.5 7.0 3.6 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing . . Totaltor cities 362,958 626,625 155,775 104,087 585,604 5.4 9.9 5.5 4.9 3.4 Anaconda.. 12 17 53 21 23 20 6 18 40 27 20 11 1 7 14 7 10 3 251 329 659 1,202 495 447 27 31 74 51 51 28 223 293 545 1,108 424 415 1 5 40 43 20 4 10.8 9.4 11.2 4.2 10.3 6.3 88.8 89.1 82.7 92.2 85.7 92.8 0.4 1.5 6.1 3.6 4.0 0.9 753,516 1,633,741 2,900,495 9,156,438 1,481,932 1,112,792 112,457 150,858 305,451- 259,470 206,334 155,096 038,809 1,430,948 2,388,371 8,798,917 1,070,394 936,205 2,250 51,935 206,673 98,051 205,204 21,491 14.9 9.2 10.5 2.8 13.9 13.9 84.8 87.6 82.3' 96.1 72.2 84.1 0.3 3 2 BnuNQS Butte. 7.1 1 1 Great Falls Helena... 13.8 1.9 Missoula . 1 Includes the group "all others." This table shows, for aU industries combined, an increase during the decade in number of estabhsh- ments throughout the state under each form of owner- ship. The greatest proportion of the estabUshments — nearly three-fifths of the total in 1914 — is shown for those imder individual ownership; but m value of products and average number of -walgfilQiti^MPtmye owned by corporations greatly predominate. In 1914 although only 28.3 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 93.9 per cent of the total value of products and 88.9 per cent of the total iverage njuaber of wage earners. For both 1914 and le single exception of bread and othei 826 MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. bakery products, the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the six industries for which separate statistics are given is shown for estab- lishments under corporate ownership. This condition also prevailed for all industries combined in each of the six cities. Here, however, a greater proportion / of the establishments — nearly two-fifths for all the cities combined — ^were imder corporate ownership. Size of establislimeiits. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 13. Table 13 VALUE OF PEODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE- EABNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 939 677 382 13,704 11,655 8,957 $84,446,136 $73,271,793 $66,415,452 $37,702,160 $24,091,554 $26,485,392 421 309 135 65 261 236 118 56 6 124 152 66 34 6 348 955 1,742 4,739 5,920 227 754 1,708 4,836 4,130 106- 556 1,354 3,096 3,845 1,021,532 2,921,890 5,905,385 18,193,026 56,404,303 649,143 2,437,212 5,092,318 15,221,904 49,871,216 325,145 1,571,629 3,246,226 8,726,954 52,545,498 • 729,563 1,795,281 3,041,045 8,899,240 23,237,031 467,008 1,535,283 3,108,691 8,024,646 10,965,927 228,101 1,036,951 2,066,633 6,089,846 17,063,862 85 000 to S20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 tlOO.OOO to 11,000,000 $1,000,000 and over ' PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 85,000 , 44.8 32.9 14.4 6.9 1.0 38.6 34.9 17.4 8.3 0.9 32.5 39.8 17.3 8.9 1.6 2.5 7.0 12.7 34.6 43.2 1.9 6.5 14.7 41.5 35.4 1.2 6.2 16.1 34.6 42.9 1.2 3.5 7.0 21.5 66.8 0.9 3.3 6.9 20.8 68.1 0.5 2.4 4.9 13.1 79.1 1.9 4.8 8.1 23.6 61.6 1.9 6.4 12.9 33.3 45.5 9 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 - 8 1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and o-per 20.0 67.0 Of the 939 estabUshments in the state in 1914, 9 reported products exceeding $1,000,000 in value, as compared with 6 in 1909 and 1904. These establish, ments reported- an average of 5,920 wage earners, o 43.2 per cent of the total for the state, 66.8 per cent of the value of products, and 61.6 per cent of the value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estabhshments — those having products of less than $5,000 in value — represented 44.8 per cent of the total number of establishments but reported only 1.2 per cent of the value of products. Table 14 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for six of the more important industries, a classification of establish- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 13 for all industries combined. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Bread and other bakery products LfCss than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,0001.. Flour-mill and gristmill products Less than $6,000;.. $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. Foundry and machine- shop PRODUCTS I) 3175 I Not reported separately. In 1914 there were 33 establishments engaged in this industry, as compared with 12 in 1909 and in 1904. The output of wheat flour in 1914 was 871,918 barrels, an increase as compared with 1909 of 496,478 barrels, or 132.2 per cent. Wheat flour formed 80.1 per cent of the total value of products in 1914. Bran and middlings and feed and offal formed 17.9 per cent of the total value of products. There were 43,314 tons of bran and middlings and feed and offal in 1914 as compared with 14,036 in 1909, which represents an increase of 208.6 per cent. The miUs in 1914 were equipped with 246 stands of rolls, 4 runs of stone, and 23 attrition mills. Slaughtering and meat packing. — The followiug table gives the quantity and cost of the different ma- terials and the quantity and value of the various prod- ucts reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909. The 1904 figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Table 21 1914 19091 Products, total value $2,119,539 $2,053,609 Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds 10,111,419 $1,063,814 186,806 $23,689 2,582,179 $273,213 2,308,259 $266,426 170,953 $10,129 234,700 $22,080 455,971 $38,321 636,906 $39,047 15,358 1,005,015 $147,511 950 11,976 $2,103 56,212 $60,815 $172,391 12,263,541 $1,043,864 1,815,825 $175,256 2,365,440 $240,720 Value Veal- Pounds Value ; . . . Mutton and lamb^ Value Pork- Value $246|ll8 52 600 Edible offal, and all other fresh meat- Pounds Value $3; 148 2 446,738 $36 969 Sausage: Value Lard: Pounds 145 319 Value $21^122 874,310 $38,773 Tallow and oleo stock: x Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Value 31,022 1,505,935 $149,772 Calf- Nnmher Value Sheep- 48,615 $48,663 $49,204 Value All other products, value ' Includes data for one establishment engaged in the manufivoture of sausage exclusively. 2 The number of pounds of sausage made in the establishment, making sausage exclusively, was estimated on the basis of value of that made in slaughtering and ' meat-packing establishments. The product consisted almost entirely of meat sold fresh, only a small proportion undergoing further proc- ess of manufacture. Mutton and lamb, pork, lard, edible offal, and sheep hides and pelts show increases both in quantity and value of products in 1914 as Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 830 MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. compared with 1909. Tallow and oleo stock, and beef show decreases in quantity, yet show increases in value of products in 1914. The other items show decreases both in quantity and value of products for 1914 as compared with 1909. Printing and publishing. — Table 22 gives the number of publications and the aggregate circulation per issue for aU newspapers and periodicals published in Mon- tana during 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table HZ PEBIOO OF issci:. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly All other classes NUMBER op PUBLICATIONS. 1911 1909 1904 24S 21 7 4 203 U3 139 101 26 101 12 6 7 69 88 AGGBEGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 507,892 87,113 60,321 6,762 292,746 60,950 1909 246,798 13, 180 92, 027 23,300 1904 197,643 58,669 34, 111 11,200 75, 463 18,200 1 Includes 11 monthly and 2 semimonthly. ' Includes 6 monthly and 1 semimonthly. 3 Includes 5 monthly and 3 semimonthly. A general increase in all items is shown for each census period, with the exception of semiweeklies, which show a decrease from 1909 to 1914. The increase in number and circulation of weekly news- papers and periodicals is particularly marked. This class of publications increased in number from 101 in 1909 to 203 in 1914, and ia circulation from 92,027 in 1909 to 292,746 in 1914, representing an increase of 101 per cent and 218.1 per cent, respectively. To avoid disclosures in the operation of individual estab- lishments, monthly publications are included in all other classes. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manu- facturing industries. Table 23, however, summarizes these statistics for Montana for 1914 and 1909. Table 23 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 42 920 37 64 819 999 $954,412 688, 234 88,745 599, 489 1,600 33,829 226,350 1,266,552 1909 26 723 27.2 24 47 652 25.6 851 17.4 $677,089 41.0 522,008 31.8 64,365 37.9 457,643 31.0 23,352 154,428 935,260 Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 44.9 46.6 35.4 ' Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Montana ranked twenty-ninth among the states in amount received for work done and thirty- seventh in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows increases in all the items ffiven, those Digitized by in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amounting to 35.4 per cent and 25.6 per cent, respectively. Establishments owned by indi- viduals reported 17.9 per cent of thffamount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 74.9 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 7.2 per cent. Table 24 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 24 January.... February... March April May June July August September. October November. December.. WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 797 780 781 810 843 859 840 781 778 786 1909 606 597 610 631 629 663 697 710 698 667 654 660 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 90.0 88.0 88.1 91.4 95.1 97.0 100.0 99.3 94.8 88.1 87.8 88.7 1909 85.4 84.1 85.9 88.9 88.0 93.4 98.2 100.0 92.1 93.0 Table 25 gives statistics as to the kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 35 NUMBER OP HORSEPOWER. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per 1914 1909 1914 1909 mcrease, 1909- 1914.1 108 70 999 851 17.4 30 27 3 78 19 19 51 706 655 51 293 639 639 10.5 2.5 Internal combustioii Rented — Electric 212 38.2 Electric— Generated by establishments rcDortina 13 7 17 38 -55.3 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Table 26 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase.- Table 26 Unit. QUANTITY Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,! 1909- 1914. Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs 390 14,846 140 3,816 326 9,979 46 2,905 19.6 48.8 Oil, including gasoline Gas 1,000 cubic feet 31.4 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 109. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. 831 GENERAL TABLES. Table 27 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the niimber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants similar data for aU industries combined. Table 28 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown without the disclosure of operations of individual estabhsh- ments, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 27 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. DJDtJSTET AND ClTi. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDTTSTEY AND aTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTBIES. All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, building and fire brick. Butter.. Cars and general shop construction and re- paiisby steam-railroad companies. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 939 677 382 13,704 11,655 8,957 91,671 90,402 46,736 $13,001 10,901 8,652 $46,744 49,180 40,930 $84,446 73,272 66,415 105 71 45 274 214 161 234 109 84 222 165 102 711 618 353 1,311 1,096 740 1914 1909 1904 17 21 14 191 189 97 1,488 1,135 689 183 166 77 150 83 38 474 371 179 1914 1909 11904 1914 1909 1904 32 20 71 29 509 235 69 24 1,011 354 1,218 419 16 12 10 3,611 1,913 1,039 5,376 2,670 1,661 3,009 1,538 799 2,542 1,086 670 5,834 2,811 1,572 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 20 9 3 33 12 12 78 31 11 256 105 67 21 5 87 35 13 209 105 67 161 65 20 3,902 1,693 1,592 335 137 47 4,890 2,175 2,003 4,078 2,313 1,455 Foundry and macliine- shop products. Liquors, malt.. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Ttfbacco, cigars. All other Industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 11904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2 32 14 10 19 21 23 '164 155 47 238 135 92 m 70 53 44 182 145 402 316 352 278 246 260 2,965 3,106 2,218 900 691 481 82 91 95 4,498 4,619 4,186 1,308 741 841 2,276 2,472 1,714 20,978 14,337 7,612 679 309 316 54,182 65,390 32,318 $438 354 326 391 359 285 2,270 2,185 1,512 685 542 103 85 66 5,022 6,108 4,873 $608 381 776 602 487 2,366 1,865 464 700 403 307 1,725 1,781 118 132 105 32,084 40,117 36,541 $1,270 986 872 2,567 2,440 1,732 6,721 6,334 3,121 2,795 2,111 1,487 2,134 2,064 306 320 271 54,591 52,018 54,391 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 19 13 42 37 107 66 54 251 97 329 226 669 622 478 770 268 1,397 661 1,226 1,217 $286 134 296 229 671 649 5t)9 $260 157 902 766 1,314 920 668 $754 591 1,634 1,243 2,900 2,464 1,760 Helena 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 53 44 34 34 26 495 420 349 447 428 691 788 $402 362 260 382 403 $709 493 428 405 402 $1,482 1,303 1,163 MisaoOTj. BiLUNOS - 684 594 1,113 1,171 BtFTTE . .... 1 Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. 2 Includes "automobile repairing.'" ■ Includes "lumber, pianing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." *Licludes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 832 MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. Table 28.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, INDUSTET AND CITY. , Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PKRS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDDSTKY. WAGE EABNEES— DEC. 15, OE NEAB- EST EEPEESENTAirVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. AH industries Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bread and other bakery products Brick, building and flre Brick Butter Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Druggists' preparations Flour-mill and gristmill products.... Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shopproducts . Gas, illuminating and heating Jewelry Lapidary work Liquors , malt Lumber and timber products Lumber^ planing- mill products, not Includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work , Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds Pickles and sauces Printing and publishing, job printing. Printing andjpublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Sausage Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 939 4 105 17 32 6 S 19 14S 19 17 221 17 187 17 16 r 8 70 44 16,363 29 11 424 228 116 26 40 3,801 197 161 36 107 12 430 18 446' 81 12 4 348 3,234 126 102 68 151 1,250 83 1,137 30 67 7 138 159 832 S 113 15 16 4 6 4 5 154 19 3 11 216 18 187 520 1,133 70 21 19 2 5 1 lOP 25 139 4 10 148 24 113 1 490 174 17 3S 13,704 23 18 6 274 191 71 20 36 3,611 130 108 22 78 6 256 12 278 2,873 92 29 2 5 116 784 38 746 42 2 96 82 4,057 Jy 15,677 No 12,368 Je Se3 My t'' Jy Jy Au3 Jy 33 20 8 295 332 87 23 41 Att 3, 887 Do 123 Aua 28 ■Oo 94 Jy= 8 No 3 282 My» Je No 13 452 85 6 Jy 300 Je 3,705 Jy 104 My Au3 Fe3 No 3 Oc 00 3 40 781 Au Au8 Ja' Ja3 De^ Fe Fe 15 14 4 242 103 Fe 59 Be' 16 De 30 Fe 3,292 Jy Ja3 Fe De Ap 99 17 60 4 237 Aua 11 Oo 302 No 45 An' 2 De 261 De 2,316 De 81 Des 1 MhS 2 Ja 111 Ja Fe 35 707 Ja 00 3 My m 41 16 7 289 253 75 17 32 3,467 151 123 6 284 12 339 62 6 264 4,120 112 776 40 736 m 41 16 6 196 251 3,466 48 36 12 84 3 278 339 51 264 4,115 90 82 28 3 4 87 674 35 639 77 (') 102 86 16 (.') (.') 12 $79,246,396 117,529 29,594 12,163 1,112,078 748,774 482,306 76,204 184,471 5,033,793 233,419 184,167 49,252 154,484 29,097 3,887,842 25,562 1,293,632 1,546,304 8,295 9,445 3,266,850 10,298,280 693,152 237,556 119,599 5,746 14,650 401,140 1,838,218 149,431 1,675,541 13,246 213,463 6,646 870,705 114,067 46,282,333 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 19 42 107 56 63 34 296 466 899 1,662 624 532 14 32 82 36 44 27 11 32 47 48 37 29 14 61 86 239 39 22 6 12 25 37 9 7 251 329 659 1,202 496 447 Je Se Je Ja Se Se 290 366 715 1,721 569 501 Se Fe Fe No Ja Ja 217 296 612 689 426 398 268 336 667 1,409 498 485 246 312 567 1,391 402 469 8 20 102 18 73 9 4 4 8 $935,136 2,060,102 2,385,667 9,810,803 1,892,135 1,358,819 •? BiLLINQS s 5 10 6 13 1 A MiSSOTJLA 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making. .' 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Candles 1 Carpets, rag 2 ' No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms.' Cerfient 1 Cheese 1 Chemicals 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Dairymens', poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies. .. 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Fur goods Hand stamps Hats, fur-felt Ice, manufactured leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— MONTANA. AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 833 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. IMncIpal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines. In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines." Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,228,538 $1,550,115 $13,001,205 $789,361 $476,134 $1,121,644 $42,275,499 S4, 468, 487 $84,446,136 $37,702,150 91,671 52,918 820 10,135 27,798 10,311 1 2,593 1,800 2,902 390 17,328 18,492 3,389 222,001 183,304 69,473 23,389 42.614 3,008,833 66,909 51,694 15,215 86,730 4,400 209,064 9,784 419,676 58,034 3,936 168 2.464 1,428 31,843 766 4,918 600 727 158 99 8,265 4,181 4,470 1,055 564 4,381 17,166 16,845 321 1,584 100 26,750 254 10,682 17,746 20 18 329,216 231,329 3,595 1,210 1,879 84 47 2,453 18,431 1,335 17,077 19 2,384 78 5,624 16, 248 410,846 22,658 2,710 12,750 676,914 63,689 995,923 15,339 63,157 2,308,862 262,624 209,862 52,762 159. 838 6,092 3,839,862 22,676 452,352 12,140 5,909 2,255 702,793 2,030,150 297,741 67,396 46,452 2,930 13,309 108,690 545,601 38,615 506,181 805 166,881 7,750 1,707,983 116,280 27,535,793 1,253 1,023 191 33,665 86,144 15,099 1,450 1,061 233,094 8,889 7,284 1,605 1,540 643 62,070 1,080 51,922 82,490 160 213 72,985 18,618 9,455 3,132 2,610 287 356 4,333 41,012 2,771 38,241 66,496 35,505 27,747 1,311,259 474,313 1,217,683 55 989 113,447 5.833,618 495,308 392,507 102,801 334,805 21,143 4,890,275 51,564 1,233,995 265,686 15,645 10,125 2,566,979 6,206,473 514,408 244,385 149,806 7,981 19,670 333,676 2,460,911 192,685 2,186,196 82,030 274,463 14,660 2,119,539 306,092 52,772,490 42,585 31, 772 14,806 600,680 . 324, 480 206,661 39,200 49,229 3,291,662 223,795 175,361 4S, 434 173,427 14,408 988,343 27,808 729,721 171,056 9,576 7,657 1,791,201 4,157,705 207,212 173,857 100, 744 4,764 6,005 220,653 1,874,298 151,299 1,641,774 81,225 106,070 6,477 402,818 187,979 21,515,501 72 35 5 234 1,488 509 26 86 5,376 95 62 33 21 11 4,078 17 1,273 172 9 4 2,276 19,799 1,179 166 62 6 10 90 818 70 748 27 14 31 35 5 169 1,191 277 26 86 2,180 74 57 17 21 11 1,697 17 948 10 9 4 835 135 841 156 40 i" 1,269 '"'ish' 45 1,894 t 50 975 11,239 2,728 4 13,635 22, .597 19,810 900 4,551 174,585 12,320 11,280 1,040 13,980 2,120 59,654 29,654 9,411 15,195 600 1,500 85,582 24,900 23,055 1,845 5,120 600 152,120 300 28,828 9,006 400 60 285 224 5 12 8 5 6 7 q 2,993 19 5 14 177 2 26 10 240 16,594 12,114 4,480 8,400 945 533 3,396 3,225 11 1? 240 2 13 14 1,620 161 600 16 17 70 6,000 2,500 43,215 14,031 270 275 162 50 IS 710 150 5,600 3,964 3,721 2,638 1,903 435 258 8,545 61,407 2,040 58,977 390 8,380 195 870 8,524 293,654 o(i 21 134,592 160,183 17,430 12,080 6,150 40,732 174,112 8,080 13,726 1,265 391,145 2,169,081 101,204 78,751 26,185 1,400 2,600 113,053 816,400 54,874 761,526 6,160 615,191 3,791 443 300 1,441 19,358 338 10 20 70 139 167 23 ?4 ■"> 2 6 10 26 35 36 49,570 1,012 16,876 31,682 0^ 17,214 125,599 7,900 110,859 6,840 8,860 600 22,260 2,700 334,909 19,044 213,752 39,354 163,952 10,446 6,961 90 586 62 524 Tf) 23 23' 202 8 194 7 7" 30 31 32 33 51,491 2,347 100,956 69,178 4,630,058 1,512 433 8,738 1,833 3,721,196 66 10 299 4 53,375 3 63 10 291 4 17,956 '"6,'9i7' 34 35 38 30,000 300 675,635 8 188 , 89,845 26,063 21 9,335 38 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $34,616 63,812 90,982 144,801 72,822 48,138 $25,246 65,426 127,023 320,181 51,835 33,710 $284,797 295,764 670,751 1,154,795 402,249 381,698 $7,207 16,761 8,959 8,450 14,450 2,286 $2,793 20,343 43,666 21,649 18,328 12,882 $28,893 39,536 84,839 158,356 18,459 24,881 $233,977 863,772 1,220,979 4,873,058 659,940 370,972 $26,442 37,868 93,342 666,242 49,173 34,270 $753,516 1,633,741 2,900,495 9,156,438 1,481,932 1,112,792 $493,097 732,101 1,586,174 3,717,138 772,819 707,550 770 1,397 1,226 16,445 691 684 162 589 213 3,423 242 78 608 766 1,013 5,215 411 606 170 1 6 40" 1 16 26 a 3 7 38 7,800 i 6 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Liquors, distilled 1 Malt .- 1 Mattresses and spnng beds 2 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Musicalinstruments and materials, not specified 1 Paving materials 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engraving 1 Smelting, copper 4 Smelting, lead 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Sugar, beet Trunks and valises. . . Umbrellas and canes . Vinegar Wall plaster 82101°— 18- -53 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEBRASKA. By J. B. Collins. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Nebraska was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1867. With a gross area of 77,520 square miles, of which 76,808 represent land surface, it ranks fifteenth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,066,300, and in 1910, 1,192,214; and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,246,000. In total population Nebraska ranked twenty-ninth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked thirty-fourth, with 15.5 in- habitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 13.9. The urban population in 1910— that is, the popu- lation residing in cities and other incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 310,852, or 26.1 per cent of the total, as against 23.7 per cent in 1900 and 27.4 per cent in 1890. It is noteworthy that the urban population represented a greater proportion of the total in 1890 than in either 1900 or 1910. There were in the state in 1914 five cities, each with an esti- mated population of more than 10,000; Grand Island, Hastings, Lincoln, Omaha, and South Omaha. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 18.3 per cent of the estimated total population of Ne- braska, reported 84 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The several trunk lines of railways with their nu- merous feeders form a network covering the entire state and furnish excellent facihties for transporta^- tion. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 6,171, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 227. Agriculture is the leading industry and forms the foundation for the major part of the commerce and manufactures of Nebraska. The total value of farm crops grown in the state in 1909 was $196,125,632, the leading items being corn, $88,234,846, and wheat, $44,225,930; and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during the year was $106,077,- '755. In that year Nebraska ranked tenth in value of all farm crops, fifth in production of com, fourth in that of wheat, and fifth in value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms. Although the rainfall over the state is sufficient for the growth of grain crops, irrigation is practiced to a considerable extent in the western portion, where the precipitation is lightest. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The manu- factured products of Nebraska in 1914 were valued at $221,615,848, its factories gave employment on the average during the year to 25,144 wage earners, and the value added by manufacture amounted to $47,- 502,164. In both 1914 and 1909 the state ranked twenty-fifth in value of products. In 1914 it ranked thirty-seventh in the number of wage earners em- ployed in manufactures, and thirty-first in value added by manufacture, while in 1909 it ranked forty-sixth and fortieth, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important statistics relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Nebraska, for the years 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, together with the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1. Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital.. iries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work •. , Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANTJFACTDKINO DJDUSTKIZa. 1914 2,492 33,695 2,472 6,079 25,144 90,192 1121,007,944 24,010,977 7,117,632 16,893,345 451,983 4,431,217 174,113,684 221,615,848 47,502,164 1909 2,600 31,966 2,622 6,108 24,336 64,466 {99,901,089 19,438,719 6,490,874 13,947,845 411, 727 3,463,689 151.080,971 199,018,579 47,937,608 1904 1,819 25,356 1,904 3,192 20,260 46,372 $80,235,310 14,097,060 3,074,911 11,022,149 190,688 3 610,575 124,051,628 154,918,220 1899 ^l 1,696 2,296 18,669 41,825 $65,906,062 10,949,680 2,107,261 8,842,429 («) m 95,926,178 130,302,453 34,377,275 PEK CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909-1914 -0.3 6.4 -2.0 19.0, 3.3 39.9 21.1 23.5 29.6 21.1 9.8 28.3 15.2 11.4 -0.9 1904-1909 1899-1904 37.4 26.1 32.5 60.0 20.1 39.0 24.6 37.9 73. 6 26.5 115.9 21.8 28.5 65.3 7.3 39.0 8.5 10.9 21.7 28.7 46.9 24.6 29.3 18.9 -10.2 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. s Exclusive of internal revenue. There was a material increase in the manufactures of the state during the 15 years covered by Table 1. The increase, however, was more pronounced during the five-year periods ending with 1904 and 1909 than during that ending with 1914. From 1899 to 1914 the value of products increased 70.1 per cent; the number of wage earners, 34.7 per cent; the amount paid in salaries and wages, 119.3 per cent; and the Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^'''^ 836 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. amount of primary horsepower more than doubled. During 1914, 33,695 persons were reported as engaged m manufacturing estabhshments, their salaries and wages amounting to $24,010,977. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PER CENT or INCBEASE.I INDUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of produ ts. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per 'cent distri- bution. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Al^ industries 2,492 25,144 100.0 8221,615,848 100.0 $47,502,164 100.0 3.3 20.1 8.5 11.4 28.5 18.9 -0.9 55.3 10 2 Slaughtering and meat packing Flour-mill and gristmill products Butter 10 211 48 692 18 333 80 23 14 48 51 6 12 120 6 5 38 53 31 232 47 38 63 14 31 9 14 7 18 6 9 16 189 5,713 682 696 2,413 4,111 1,140 1,156 283 488 354 606 98 335 605 67 423 143 143 177 337 502 165 105 154 64 106 209 48 102 77 82 109 3,651 22.7 2.7 2.8 9.6 16.3 4.5 4.6 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.0 0.4 1.3 2.0 0.3 1.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.4 2.0 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 14.5 104,503,333 15,022,126 11,082,123 7,835,653 6,736,863 5,110,961 4,261,801 3,832,614 3,011,745 1,928,116 1,528,632 1,261,606 1,066,483 1,033,030 967,829 869,244 867,433 841,110 832,897 802,962 668,542 679,294 434,722 424,772 399,087 397,161 337,261 330,989 330,467 315,349 294,299 265,479 43,451,865 47.2 6.8 5.0 3.5 3.0 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 19.6 10,330,745 2,038,893 1,291,137 6,591,543 3,873,707 2,493,771 1,886,739 970,041 2 2,105,676 1,322,425 670,619 216,975 405,717 584,476 334,049 268,993 489,568 380,786 328,255 456,955 489,352 269,384 259,497 205,581 172,259 166,956 148,752 165,370 209,737 100,641 166,100 166,231 8,943,235 21. S 4.3 2.7 11.8 8.2 6.2 4.0 2.1 4.4 2.8 1.4 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 18.8 -6.2 -18.7 81.7 3.6 11.6 76.5 13.3 91.2 15.1 -11.5 -6.8 7.6 -2.8 51.4 12.3 13.6 68.7 -8.2 26.5 -24.0 9.7 32.0 15.4 13.2 -15.8 44.3 17.5 45.1 69.6 46.6 275.0 -9.7 36.3 -24.4 33.1 46.3 130.9 33.6 5.6 123.1 -2.7 66.4 47.6 44.5 67.5 27.2 -26.9 -22.1 3.6 12.8 32.8 86.8 33.5 228.8 -22.3 36.3 -15.7 73.2 28.6 90.5 34.1 17.8 112.7 -2.2 24.1 63.5 48.2 53.6 13.3 PriTiting fi.nd pnhlishing . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products . Food preparations, not elsewhere 266.2 100.4. 55.2 10.3 16.0 73.7 98.7 124.9 44.3 60.0 32.5 32.5 4.1 Gas, illuminating and heating Lumber and timber products 71.9 Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery -12.5 -6.0 -40.2 50.8 4.1 101.6 29.3 -9.4 -3.6 -23.6 117.0 19.1 261.4 118.5 28.2 -58.6 -14.0 -3.2 -17.6 38.1 7.3 268.2 207 2 36.1 Paints —63 8 Shirts Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Marble and stone worV -23.5 -33.5 -39.1 -40.0 54.5 7.7 210.3 -24.0 16.0 -47.4 -34.6 -43ro 97.0 61.0 717.3 3.7 422.9 7.6 -2.3 —45.0 35.8 -45.1 73.3 35.3 747.6 4.3 368 8 10.9 Artificial stone products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay -7.6 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Mineral and soda waters 2.9 10.5 -18.7 123.9 12.8 7.9 -18.7 94.5 11.7 Brooms Confectionery (ice cream) Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- -53.9 115.0 67.8 281.0 -65.6 217.1 vege tables Optical goods 126.0 164.0 -11.3 69.9 -54.1 313.3 108.9 146.9 -27.5 106.1 -49.1 312.0 Ice, manufactured Mattresses and spring beds -31.9 -50.7 255.0 49.1 81.4 -36.9 "28.'7" 176.0 67.0 71.6 —13.8 Fur goods Carriages and wagons and materials. . -45.5 33.3 21.0 21.0 I Percentages are based on figures in Table 30; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 32 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $250,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 6 with products exceeding $5,000,000 in value, 8 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 18 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are the following which have products exceeding in value some of those pre- sented in the table, statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual establishments: Bags, other than paper; beet sugar; boots and shoes; cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies; men's clothing; distilled liquors; pickles, preserves, and sauces; lead, smelting and refining; and soap. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by vflJ^gr/^'^giCjlTlL but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Slaughtering and meat packing shows no variation. The fiour-mill and gristmill industry, which ranked second in value of products, was seventh in average number of wage earners and sixth in value added by manufacture. Machinery is used largely in this industry and comparatively few employees are re- quired, therefore the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is small in comparison with the corresponding proportions for most other industries. Butter, third in yalue of products and sixth in average number of wage earners, was only ninth in value added by manufacture. Printing and pub- lishing ranked fourth in value of products but was second in value added by manufacture and third in average number of wage earners^ while steam-railroad repair shops held second place in average number of /l/^f©®©#®and third in value added by manufacture but ranked only fifth in value of products. MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 837 In rank according to value of products, there were few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in this table, slaugh- tering and meat packing, flour-miU and gristmill prod- ucts, butter, printing and publishing, and cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rail- road companies held the same rank at both censuses. For a number of the remaining industries slight changes from census to census are noticeable. Slaughtering andmeat packing. — ^This classification in- cludes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estab- lishments and, for 1904 and 1909, those engaged wholly in the manufacture of sausage. The development of this industry in Nebraska is due partly to the natural advantages afforded by the state for feeding live stock and partly to its central location in the grain and stock raising sections of the country. The industry centers in South Omaha where it was estabhshed in the early eighties, when the plant of the Union Stock Yards Co. was erected. It is the leading industry of the state in value of products, and in 1914 and 1909 only three states, Illinois, Kansas, and New York, reported a greater output. Fhur-^nill and gristmill products. — Reports were received for 211 estabUshments for the state in 1914 doing merchant grinding, compared with 249 in 1909. The decrease in number of estabhshments is due largely to the tendency toward concentration in the industry, as a result of which many small mills re- ported for 1909 discontinued operations during the period between the censuses. The decrease in value of products in 1914 was due to the depression in prices during the year. As shown by Table 23, there was a considerable increase in the quantity of wheat flour produced in 1914, as compared with prior censuses. The total value of products decreased by 15.8 per cent, and the average number of wage earners by 18.7 per cent, as compared with 1909. Printing and publishing. — This industry ranks fourth in the state and includes the printing and pub- lishing of books, newspapers, periodicals, and music; job printing; bookbinding and blank-book making; and steel and copperplate engraving. Separate sta- tistics for the different branches of the industry are shown in Table 31. The 692 establishments reporting included 572 publishing newspapers and periodicals and 116 doing book and job work exclusively. These two branches of the industry together employed 99.2 per cent of the average number of wage earners and reported 99.7 per cent of the total value of products for the entire industry in 1914. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. — ^This industry represents the work of steam-railroad car shops but does not include the minor repairs in roundhouses. The operations consist principally of repairs to the rolling stock and equipment, but include also shopwork done for the track and bridge and building departments. There was an increase of five in the number of establishments and the value of products increased from $4,641,740 to $6,736,863, or 45.1 per cent, over that of 1909. Em- ployment was given to an average of 4,111 wage earners. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFAC- TUKING INDUSTMES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 33,695 31,966 28,682 27,557 5,013 4,409 85.1 86.2 14.9 13.8 3,856 3,686 3,703 3,572 153 114 96.0 96.9 4.0 3.1 Proprietors and flrm members. . Salaried officers of corporations. . Superintendents and managers . . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 2,472 2,522 509 342 875 822 4,695 3,944 25,144 24,336 2,364 2,425 493 334 846 8U 3,539 3,044 21,440 20,941 108 97 16 8 29 9 1,156 900 3,704 3,395 95.6 96.1 96.9 97.7 96.7 98.9 75.4 77.2 85.3 86.0 4.4 3.8 3.1 2.3 3.3 1.1 24.6 22.8 14.7 14.0 25,043 24,119 101 217 21,355 20,763 85 178 3,688 3,356 16 39 86.3 86.1 84.2 82.0 14.7 13.9 15.8 18.0 This table shows that, while males largely pre- dominate, there was a slight increase in the proportion of females employed in the manufactures of the state. The largest number of females were employed as wage earners, but of the classes presented, that of clerks and other subordinate salaried employees shows the largest proportion of females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual indus- tries wiU be foimd in Table 31. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. This table shows an increase duruig the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, except proprietors and firm members, and wage earners under 16 years of age. The small decrease of 2 per cent in proprietors and firm members is due to the increase in the proportion of establishments under corporate ownership and the decrease in the proportion of those under other forms. WhUe there was a de- crease of 53.4 per cent for wage earners under 16 years Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 838 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. of age, the proportion which this class formed of the total was only three-tenths of 1 per cent for 1914. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 48.8, is shown for salaried officers of cor- porations. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 74.3 per cent of the , total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 75.4 per cent in 1909. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and ofBcials Proprietors and firm members Salaried ofTicers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerics and other subordinate salaried employees.. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase ' 1909-1914. 6.4 4.6 -2.0 48.8 6.4 19.0 3.3 3.8 -53.4 Male. 4.1 3.7 -2.5 47.6 4.1 16.3 2.4 2.8 -52.2 Female. 34.2 28.4 9.1 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 11.5 7.4 1.5 2.6 13.9 74.6 74.3 0.3 100.0 11.6 7.9 1.1 2.6 12.3 76.1 75.4 0.7 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 12.9 8.2 1.7 3.0 12.3 74.8 74.5 0.3 11.0 76.0 75.4 0.6 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 sTo 2.2 0.3 0.5 ,23.1 73.9 73.6 0.3 ~> 100.0 2.6 2.2 0,2 0.2 20.4 77.0 76.1 0.9 1 A minus sign (-) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earlier census (see "Explanation of terms"). Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. - Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN M ANUEACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent dis- tribution Per cent of increase.i 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 33,695 31,966 25,356 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.4 26.1 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees 2,472 6,079 25,144 2,522 5,108 24,336 1,904 3,192 20,260 7.3 18.0 74.6 7.9 16.0 76.1 7.5 12.6 79.9 -2.0 19.0 3.3 32.5 60.0 Wage earners (average) 20.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Of the three classes shown in this table, salaried employees and wage earners show increases for both five-year periods, while proprietors and firm members show a slight decrease from 1909 to 1914. The increases, however, are much greater for the earlier than for the later period. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age, is given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the more important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over, as well as that for children under 16, has been less at each successive census, while the proportion of females increased slightly during each five-year period. The actual number of males employed, howev^ihafSiiMPrfated from census to census. ^ ^ Table 6 All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. . . . . Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars AH other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 "WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.i 25,144 24,336 20,260 1,140 646 502 383 4,111 3,685 839 1,156 1,020 424 506 543 2,413 2,329 5,713 6,015 505 537 7,232 7,079 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 84.9 85.3 85.5 67.2 72.6 76.5 73.9 92.2 92.6 62.0 67.4 72.0 71.4 Fe- male. 14.7 13.8 12.5 32.1 26.0 0.6 0.2 76.6 88.8 23.4 10.7 "\s.i 100.0 100.0 99.7 92.7 0.3 7.0 "'6.' 2 99.5 98.0 0.4 L3 0.1 0.7 100.0 100.0 99.2 98.5 0.6 0.2 1.5 22.1 7.5 6.3 35.8 31.5 27.7 27.8 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.4 0.9 2.0 0.7 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 2.3 0.3 1.1 2.2 1.1 0.3 0.8 ' For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." Of the 11 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 4 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of males and 6, an increase in pro- portion of females, while in only two — brick, tile, pot- tery, and other clay products and tobacco manufac- M^ftJ^&lf0^^^^ increases in the proportion of chil- dren under 1^ years of age. The wage earners under MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 839 16 years of age in Nebraska are employed principally in the slaughtering and meat-packing and printing and publishing industries. Table 7 shows the average munber and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the four cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. No comparison can be made for Hastings, as its population in 1909 was less than 10,000. Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN— SEX AND AGE. Grand Island. Hast- ings. Lincoln. Omaha. South Omaha. Total 1914 1909 1904 460 1576 416 1,821 2,140 1,617 8,922 8,023 5,822 6 063 6,306 5 662 16 years of age and over: Male...: 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 357 1439 287 1,452 1,605 1,217 364 512 376 5 23 24 6,808 6,324 4,476 2,091 1,669 1,299 23 30 47 5,540 5,806 5,243 504 Female 100- 1109 129 431 270 Under 16 years of age 3 128 19 69 149 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 77.6 76.2 69.0 79.7 75.0 75,3 20.0 23.9 23.2 0.3 1.1 1.5 76.3 78.8 76.9 23.4 20.8 22.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 91.4 92.1 21.7 18.9 31.0 8.3 6.8 4 8 Under 16 years of age 0.7 4.9 0.3 1.1 1 Fipires do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them m order to include data only for those establishments located within the cor- porate limits of the city. Table 8 gives.percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.1 aiY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. of age. 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -20.1 12.6 -14.9 32.3 53.2 11.2 37.8 7.1 -3.8 11.4 -18.7 19.3 -9.5 31.9 52.1 7.6 41.3 5.7 -4.6 10.7 -8.2 -3.2 -28.9 36.2 61.0 25.3 28.5 86.7 16.9 69.6 Omaha South Omaha -87.2 "-53." 7 I A minus sign {— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for the females in every city. In 1914 the proportions for all cities combined were 81.7 for men, 18 for women, and three-tenths of 1 per cent for children. All of the cities show decreases from census to census both in numbers and proportions of wage earners under 16 years of age. In Omaha, the most important city of the state in respect to number of wage earners employed, the percentage of males decreased from 78.8 in 1909 to 76.3 in 1914, and during the same period the percentage of adult females increased from 20.8 to 23.4. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the per- centage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 .Tanuary February.. March April May June July August September. October November. December- . WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1911 24! 25; 25, 25, 26, 26, 26, 24, 24, 1909 22, 138 23,263 22,994 23,744 24, 277 24,748 24,742 25,628 25,945 25,373 24, 929 24,251 1904 18,886 18,503 19, 245 20,098 20,720 20,951 19,347 20,070 22, 012 21, 732 21, 032 20,524 Per cent of maximum. 90.2 88.5 90.0 91.6 93.8 96.3 96.0 100.0 97.8 97.1 92.7 92.0 1909 85.3 89.7 95.4 95.4 98.8 100.0 97.8 96.1 93.5 1901 85.8 84.1 87.4 91.3 94.1 95.2 87.9 91.2 100.0 98.7 95.5 93.2 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. For 1914 the summer and fall months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appear- iag for August and the minimum for February. For 1909 and 1904 a similar condition is shown, the maxi- mum month being September for both years, and the minimum January for 1909 and February for 1904. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 3,807, or 14.7 per cent of the maximum, iu 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Of the selected industries, artificial stone products shows the greatest degree of fluctuation in employ- ment, the number of wage earners in January being but 16.4 per cent of the number in May. This is a seasonal industry, and naturally there is considerable variation in the number of wage earners employed Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 840 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. during different months. For the same reason there is considerable fluctuation in the number reported for brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. The greatest stability of employment is shown for printing and publishing, in which industry the mini- mum formed 95.2 per cent of the maximum. Table 10 INDUSTRY AND aiT. All industries Artiflclal stone products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, ana other clay products Butter Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Confectionery ." Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminatuig and heatmg Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars All other industries Total tor cities Gkand Island Hastings LlNCOtN Omaha South Omaha WAGE EARNEBS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is mdicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by ftoiie figures.] Aver- age, number em- ployed during year. 25,144 337 1,140 602 696 109 4,111 335 106 682 2S3 1,156 354 177 488 60G 143 2,413 5,713 605 5,388 17,682 460 416 1,821 8,922 6,063 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 1,049 232 644 146 4,028 319 140 677 268 1,171 342 183 i56 126 2,418 6,870 487 6,205 17, 277 427 SSS 1,590 8,716 6,211 Feb- ruary. SS,704 106 1,053 218 SS9 142 3,966 332 195 681 266 1,162 324 186 440 458 108 2,416 5,865 503 4,765 17, 24s 411 374 1,630 8,618 March. 24,103 228 ),072 284 660 127- 3,999 309 218 673 260 1,192 318 188 419 478 141 2,419 6,897 482 4,849 17,421 S93 361 1,663 8,746 6,259 April. 24,660 444 1,097 517 650 122 S,9U 291 166 667 274 1,221 362 175 429 510 152 2,392 6,673 497 5,097 17,387 410 377 1,881 8,808 5,911 May. 26,147 538 ,126 716 791 107 284 79 651 B57 1,846 372 171 604 561 157 2,407 5,548 490 5,160 17,672 430 400 1,920 9,052 5,870 June. 26,802 524 1,170 765 1,004 105 4,159 308 68 670 273 1,236 412 170 604 163 2,379 5,449 507 5,277 18,012 476 493 2,040 9,235 6,768 July. 25,726 504 1,179 773 4,140 m 46 678 S67 1,187 392 166 601 554 156 e,S46 5,637 510 6,298 18,149 468 471 1,983 9,281 6,966 August. 26, 795 463 1,193 771 831 103 4,263 319 73 689 290 1,148 380 m 601 547 152 2,377 S,4i8 515 6,486 18,256 594 554 1,975 9,300 5,833 Sep- tember. 26,210 460 1,191 718 91 4,194 379 73 711 337 1,144 383 169 498 511 149 2,417 6,616 613 6,963 17,837 478 424 1,955 8,969 6,011 Octo- ber. 26,017 360 1,192 569 643 84 4,272 396 78 709 329 1,093 338 178 481 476 142 2,459 6,977 517 5,724 17,983 487 418 1,837 8,858 Novem- ber. 24,852 219 1,179 298 571 87 4,217 411 66 689 299 1,048 »I« 181 436 466 140 2,462 5,820 516 5,437 17,460 481 393 1,716 8,713 6,157 Decem- ber. 24,653 110 1,180 188 675 4,187 391 81 689 287 1,044 313 191 433 487 130 2,464 5,886 524 5,405 17,488 476 394 1,662 8,768 6,188 Per cent mim- mum is of maxi- mum. 16.4 87.9 24.3 63.7 67.6 91.9 68,4 20.6 91.6 76.3 83.8 75.7 86.9 67.9 80.1 96.2 90.3 92.0 73.3 94.4 66.0 60.1 77.9 92.7 90.4 Of the five cities, Hastings shows the greatest fluc- tuation, the percentage which the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being 60.1. The smallest fluctuation appears for Omaha, for which city the per- centage which the minimum formed of the maximum was 92.7; for South Omaha it was 90.4; for Lincoln, 77.9; and for Grand Island, 66. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries Combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each estabUshment is classified as a total, even though a few worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 15,377, or five-eighths of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were over 54 per week, whereas 13,377, or a httle over one-half, were so Digitized by employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners whose working hours were 54 and fewer per week increased from 8,959, "or 36.8 per cent of the total for the state, ip. 1909 to 11,767, or 46.8 per cent of the total, in 1914. Among the separate industries gas shows the great- est proportional decrease in hours of labor. In 1914, 83.6 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabhshments where the hours of labor were 60 or fewer per week, as against 5 per cent in 1909. A perceptible change in the same direction will also be noted in the case of bread and other bakery prod- ucts, steam-railroad repair shops, confectionery, malt liquors, and printing and pubhshing. In slaughtering and meat packing the number of wage earners increased in the estabhshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 and over per week. In 1914, 99.8 per cent were employed in such estabhshments; in 1909, 63.1 per cent. In 1914, for all industries combined and for many of them separately, the majority of the wage earners were employed in estabhshments in which the prevailing hours of labor were more than 54 per week. There were, however, several notable exceptions. In printing and pubhshing and in the manufacture of cigars more than 95 per cent of the employees were reported by estabhshments with pre- vailing hours of 54 or less per week. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 841 Table 11 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hoars of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54 Between 54 and 60. 60 Between 60 and 72. 72 Over 72. All Industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ■ 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 25,144 24,336 4,422 1,991 2,268 892 5,077 6,076 1,706 3,876 9,756 8,991 1,703 1,916 130 184 82 410 337 553 1,140 646 502 836 696 383 109 200 4,111 3,685 335 383 106 230 682 839 283 148 1,156 1,020 354 400 177 266 488 424 506 543 143 1C7 2,413 2,329 5,713 6,015 505 537 5,388 4,712 17,682 20 8 134 41 67 70 1 5 3 4 17 8 4 28 22 35 750 240 16 17 80 13 6 15 757 1,985 295 159 73 17 18 6 89 4 304 116 5 26 83 29 1 42 16 11 265 423 167 290 373 677 426 274 29 74 29 115 17 222 33 181 410 447 142 87 379 690 267 8 17 37 90 21 29 131 26 41 91 258 5,702 3,786 8 76 1,256 1,153 7,201 1 32 37 6 21 5 8 28 177 87 1 4 Carriages and Tvagons and materials 43 31 110 59 637 22 1 1,487 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad 1,094 685 948 Conlectionery ^ 1 2 32 7 14 14 11 16 4 36 49 364 130 1 194 236 35 116 Food preparations, not elsewhere speiiflcd 3 8 46 74 6 1 9 8 Foundry and machine-shop products 55 9 17 11 8 1 ^as, illnmiTiatiTlg anH hpntiTii' 55 33 3 347 Leather goods 13 9 29 60 136 148 50 57 627 792 •73I 132 108 1,672 1,561 3,568 138 191 i' 369 305 57 3 38 22 1,238 971 6 20 Liquors, malt it 21 15 269 261 2 1 25 118 Marble and stone work 27 66 429 178 PrintlTlg f\TirI pilh^ishinj; 3 11 Slaughtering and meat packing , 1 2 2 1,484 9 Tobacco, cigars 317 323 585 208 3,555 45 3 30 647 759 1,216 All other industries 523 471 956 549 507 1,117 85 1 11 71 Total for cities 52 58 Grand Island .' 460 416 1,821 8,922 6,063 72 60 .706 2,584 133 23 21 12 832 68 115 104 455 2,843 51 11 100 181 916 8 38 125 187 1,052 5,799 190 6 280 637 4 11 Hastings Lincoln Omaha : South Omaha Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 17,682, for the five cities in 1914, 16,496, or 93.3 per cent, were in estabhshments where the hours of labor were 60 or fewer per week, while only 1,186 were in estabhshments in which the hours were more than 60 per week. In estabhshments where the working hours were 54 per week the proportion of wage earners was greater in Omaha than in any other city. The largest pro- portion in the 60-hour group is shown by South Omaha, and the largest in establishments with prevailing hours between 60 and 72 appears for Grand Island. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Nebraska were centraUzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Comparison with 1909 for the cities or for the dis- tricts outside can not properly be made, because the the population of Hastings in that year was below 10,000, and the statistics for that city, therefore were included with those for the outside districts. The table shows, however, that for 1914, the cities, which represented 18.3 per cent of the estimated popula- tion of the state, reported 84 per cent of the total value of products, 74.1 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 70.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, but only 30.9 per cent of the total number of estabhshments. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 842 MANUFACTUEES— NEBRASKA. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HATING A P0PT7LATION OH 10,000 OR OVER. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVING A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. POPULATION OP 10,000 OK OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 5 4 3 227,976 204,654 168,726 769 713 429 17,682 17,046 12,707 $186,200,006 161,974,066 110,346,627 35,205,416 36,114,627 27,804,848 2 1 2 2 2 72,011 70,23^ 66,170 266 238 122 7,884 8,446 7,431 $116,050,626 99,446,847 72,272,383 15,491,896 17,908,613 9,668,695 6.8 5.9 6.2 10.3 9.5 7.2 31.4 34.7 39.8 52.4 50.0 56.6 32.6 37.4 28.1 1 1 1 133,274 124,096 102,655 417 432 307 8,922 8,023 6,276 $66,438,041 60,854,650 38,074,244 18,372,237 17,439,923 18,146,153 1,245,873 1,192,214 1,066,300 2,492 2,500 1,695 25,144 24,336 18,669 $221,615,848 199,018,579 130,302,453 47,502,164 47,937,608 34,377,275 18.3 17.2 15.8 30.9 28.5 25.3 70.3 70.0 68.1 84.0 81.4 84.7 74.1 75.3 80.9 22,670 10,326 1.8 0.9 10.7 10.4 9.6 16.7 17.3 18.1 35.6 33.0 28.3 30.0 30.6 29.2 38.7 36.4 52.8 10,178,898 987,660 897,676 1,723 1,787 1,266 7,462 7,291 5,962 $36,415,843 37,044,513 19,955,826 12,296,748 11,822,981 6,572,427 81.7 82.8 Number of establishments 96 43 3.9 1.7 69.1 71.6 Average number of wage earners . . 876 576 3.5 2.4 ■29.7 30.0 $3,711,338 1,673,669 1.7 0.8 16.0 18.6 Value added by manufacture 1,341,283 766,091 2.8 1.6 25.9 24.7 19 1 1 Census estimate of population tor 1914. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 CITT. AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS 1911 1909 1904 1914. 1909 1904 South Omaha 6,063 8,922 1,821 460 416 6,306 8,023 2,140 1576 5,662 5,822 1,617 $106,025,436 66,438,041 10,025,190 2,100,700 1,610,638 $92,435,712 60,854,650 7,010,136 1 1,673,669 $67,416,177 54,003,704 5,222,620 ' Figures do not agree wltb those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate imits of the city. Every city for which comparative statistics are presented shows an increase in value of products at each census. The greatest relative gaia from 1909 to 1914, 43 per cent, was made by Lincoln. Omaha is the only city that shows an increase in average num- ber of wage earners at each census. The principal industries shown in Omaha are butter, bread and other bakery products, printing and publish- ing, and malt hquors. Although smelting and refining lead is by far the most important industry in Omaha, the figures for this industry can not be given, because to do so would disclose individual operations. South Omaha is the leading city as to value of products, due to the slaughtering and meat-packing industry. The manufacture of food preparations and soap are also important industries in this city. In Lincoln the principal industries are printing and publishing, foimdry and machine-shop products, and flour-miU and gristmill products; in Grand Island, butter, flour-miU and gristmill products, and steam-railroad repair shops; in Hastings, butter, flour-mOl and grist- mill products, and saddlery and harness. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statis- tics concerning character of ownership, or legal organi- zation, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, sta- tistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the -figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. In 1914 the number of establishments under cor- porate ownership represented but 22.9 per cent of the total, but this class reported 91.8 per cent of the total value of products and 83.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners; in 1909 and 1904 the cor- responding proportions were slightly less. Each of the 11 industries, for which separate statistics are given, report the largest proportion of the total value of products for estabhshments under corporate owner- ship. This condition prevailed also in 1914, in each of the 5 cities. Here, however, the proportion of establishments under corporate ownership is greater than that for the state as a whole. . Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 843 Table 14 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— AVEBAGE NUMBER OF 'WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDUSTRT AND CITY. Total. In establish- ments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- porar tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- porar tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ-, uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,478 1,511 1,074 570 487 359 444 602 386 25,144 24,336 20,260 2,919 3,298 2,727 20,970 19,496 15,844 1,255 1,543 1,689 11.6 13.6 13.5 83.4 80.1 78.2 5.0 6.3 8.3 $221,616,848 199,918,679 154,918,220 $11,961,590 13,767,422 9,050,696 8203,388,653 176,621,402 138,623,976 $6,276,605 9,629,765 7,243,549 5.4 6.9 5.8 91.8 88.2 89.5 2.8 4.8 4.7 Bread and other bakery products. Butter 264 221 12 10 95 115 5 8 38 30 7 12 20 17 26 24 501 491 3 7 345 14 8 28 11 18 13 55 59 13 8 27 30 28 23 5 7 20 15 89 74 6 5 295 55 60 8 16 61 75 5 2 15 13 13 13 6 6 5 9 102 109 1 6 129 1,140 646 696 383 4,111 3,685 682 839 283 148 1,156 1,020 354 400 177 266 506 543 2,413 2,329 5,713 6,015 17,682 353 325 45 60 155 199 23 •23 129 130 1 5 23 23 109 96 737 783 117 19 1,140 685 197 643 293 4,'lll 3,685 390 464 250 125 969 840 343 386 89 143 370 416 1,392 1,276 5,696 5,977 15,931 102 124 8 40 31.0 50.3 6.6 13.1 60.1 30.5 92.4 76.5 100.0 100.0 57.2 55.3 88.3 84.6 83.8 82.4 96.9 96.5 50.3 53.8 73.1 76.6 57.7 54.8 99.7 99.4 90.1 8.9 19.2 1.1 10.4 20.1 21.0 3.6 5.0 4.9 2.8 2.3 36.7 37.6 5.3 5.7 11.8 11.6 "o.'s 3.5 6,110,961 3,014,091 11,082,123 7,681,272 6,736,863 4,641,740 15,022,126 17,835,696 3,832,614 1,021,668 4,261,801 2,929,583 1,928,116 1,415,002 832,897 1,682,866 1,528,632 2,021,366 7,835,653 6,667,290 104,503,333 92,305,484 186,200,005 1,620,043 1,549,262 735,316 585,663 3,016,390 937,869 10,159,134 6,569,186 6,736,863 4,641,740 10,093,R07 9,012,297 3,535,881 936,569 3,469,799 2,255,090 1,860,018 1,362,246 383,090 769,967 1,188,825 1,724,306 5,208,499 4,112,919 103,991,742 91,655,117 179,798,436 475,528 526,970 187,673 536,433 31.7 51.4 6.6 7.6 59.0 31.1 91.7 85.4 100.0 100.0 67.2 60.5 92.2 91.7 81.4 77.0 96.5 96.3 46.0 48.6 77.8 85.3 66.5 61.7 99.6 9.3 17.5 1.7 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewnere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. ■ Gas, illuminating and heating. 7.0 137 176 10 68 50 10 9 65 100 27 31 284 270 '"19 611 22.7 23.7 8.1 U6.5 U.2 12.7 0.3 1.2 13.0 8.6 21.6 17.7 30.5 33.6 10.3 0.3 6.4 2,459,619 3,844,517 232,235 185,099 641,412' 543,870 32,112 24,656 110,946 98,107 289,667 221,323 1,812,023 1,900,499 1511,591 353,003 4,177,446 2,469,300 4,978,782 64,498 16.4 21.6 6.1 18.3 15.1 18.6 1.6 1.7 13.3 6.2 18.9 10.9 23.1 28.6 10.5 0.4 2.2 16.4 27.9 1.7 150,590 130,623 36,986 28,200 338,861 714,802 50,240 76,737 816,131 653,872 3.5 4.6 1.9 2.0 40.7 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing . . Slaughtering and meat packing. Totalfor cities 45.2 3.3 3.7 10.4 9.8 297,364 2,224,123 99.3 0.3 96.6 1.2 Grand Island 23 19 ■1 18 14 70 174 19 l! 30 68 460 416 1,821 8,922 6,063 69 109 270 598 94 363 190 1,415 8,012 5,951 28 117 136 312 18 15.0 26.2 14.8 6.7 1.6 78.9 45.7 77.7 89.8 98.2 6.1 28.1 7.5 3.5 0.3 1 2,100,700 1,610,638 10,025,190 66,438,041 106,026,436 182,726 258,733 1,110,846 2,007,605 617,536 1,782,736 961,968 8,442,461 63,448,701 106,162,570 135,238 389,937 471,883 981,735 245,330 8.7 16.1 11.1 3.0 0.6 84. 9 6. 4 59. 7 24. 2 Lincoln... 84. 2 4. 7 Omaha 95.6 15 South Omaha 99. 2 n. 2 1 Includes the group "all others." Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics Table 15. given in Table 15 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1911 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1901 All classes . . 2,492 2,600 1,819 25,144 24,336 20,260 $221,615,848 $199,018,579 $154,918,220 $47,502,164 $47,937,608 $30,866,592 Less than $5,000... 1,263 718 366 133 ■ 22 1,266 685 399 133 17 938 451 320 101 9 1,060 2,166 3,771 8,516 9,631 1,089 2,477 4,220 7,862 • 8,688 1,034 1,980 3,727 6,359 7,160 2,978,678 7,025,939 16,234,647 36,674,723 158,701,861 2,951,130 6,778,610 17, 100, 526 35,055,151 137,133,162 2,069,696 4,628,680 13,315,999 24,900,607 110,013,438 1,917,464 3,741,374 6,433,023 14,515,306 20,894,998 1,907,985 3,844,645 6,781,959 13,363,538 22,039,481 1,439,480 2,529,238 6,393,601 9,169,414 12,334,859 $5,000 to $20,'000 $20,000 to $100.000 $100,000 to $1.000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEE CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 50.3 28.8 14.7 5.3 0.9 50.6 27.4 16.0 5.3 0.7 51.6 24.8 17.8 5.6 0.5 \ 4.2 8.6 15.0 33.9 38.3 4.5 10.2 17.3 32.3 35.7 5.1 9.8 18.4 31.4 35.3 1.3 3.2 7.3 16.6 71.6 1.5 3.4 8.6 17.6 68.9 1.3 3.0 8.6 16.1 71.0 4.0 7.9 13.5 30.6 44.0 4.0 8.0 14.1 27.9 46.0 4.7 8 2 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 29.7 40.0 In 1914, 155 establishments, or 6.2 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 150, or 6 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 110, or 6.1 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments re- ported 72.2 per cent of the total number of wage earners for the state, 88.2 per cent of the total value of products, and 74.6 per cent of the £^^/1 by manufacture. In the same year the small estab- lishments — those having products under $5,000 in value — although representing 50.3 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only 1 .3 per cent of the total value of products, 4.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and but 4 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Microsoft® 844 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. Table IG gives, for 1914 and 1909, for eight of tlie more important industries, a classification of estab- lishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for aU industries combined. For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows that for two industries — ^bread and other bakery products and leather goods — ^there were increases in the number of estabhshments having products under $5,000 in value. For three other industries in this class — flour-miU and gristmill products, food prepara- tions, and printing and pubHshing — there were de- creases, while foundry and machine-shop products show no change. For establishments having prod- ucts valued at $100,000 and over, four — bread and other bakery products, food preparations, foundry and machine-shop products, and printing and publishing — show increases in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. For estabhshments having products valued at $1,000,000 and over, butter manufactiires reported increases, both actual and proportional, in average number of wage earners, vajue of products, and value added by manufacture, while for slaughtering and meat packing a proportional increase is shown in all these respects, although there was an actual increase in value of products only. Table 16 INDUSTET AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. NUMBEB OF ESTABLISHMENTS. 1914 Beead and othee bakeet products Less than $5,000. . . 85,000 to S20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. BUTTEE. $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... FLOUE-MILL AND GEIST- MILL PRODUCTS Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified . . Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. Foundry and machine- shop products Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over. . Leathee goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Printing and publishing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Slaughteeing and meat ■ packing $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $1,000,000 and over'. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 174 138 16 25 48 26 488 155 37 12 132 120 127 37 249 18 140 33 12 100.0 52.3 41.4 4.8 1.5 100.0 100.0 47.3 43.0 9.7 27.1 41.7 22.9 100.0 10.4 32.2 44.6 12.8 100.0 17.4 21.7 34.8 26.1 100.0 30.0 38.8 21.2 10.0 100.0 48.4 29.0 12.9 9.7 100.0 70.5 22.4 5.4 1.7 100.0 30.0 70.0 100.0 29.7 40.5 21.6 8.1 100.0 12.4 18.9 51.8 16.9 100.0 27.8 33.3 38.9 100.0 32.9 38.4 21.9 100.0 36.7 30.0 13.3 20.0 100.0 72.6 20.8 4.9 1. 100.0 22.2 44.4 33.3 AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. 1914 1,140 105 292 116 627 12 67 233 4 80 256 342 283 1 16 55 211 1,156 ~27 106 224 177 26 36 106 2,413 74 247 325 13 42 143 185 839 2 35 302 500 148 3 20 125 471 666 535 841 1,020 24 134 271 591 266 11 25 32 198 2,329 549 662 730 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 9.2 25.6 10.2 55.0 100.0 33.5 66.2 100.0 0.6 11.7 37.6 50.2 100.0 0.4 5.6 19.4 74.6 100.0 2.3 9.2 19.4 69.1 100.0 ~~5A 14.7 20.3 59.9 100.0 19.5 23.4 22.2 34.9 100.0 11.5 38.2 50.3 100.0 3.4 11.0 37.3 48.3 100.0 0.2 4.2 36.0 59.6 100.0 2.0 13.5 84.6 100.0 2.4 13.1 100.0 4a 9.4 12.0 74.4 100.0 21.0 23.6 24.1 31.3 100.0 0.1 0.4 99.6 VALUE OF PEODUCTS. 1914 $5,110,961 522,656 1,282,424 613, 207 2,692,674 11,082,123 146, 597 821, 738 i, 397, 183 i, 716, 605 15,022,126 56, 514 819, 499 4, 526, 113 9,620,000 3,832,614 53,126 364, 570 3, 406, 890 4,261,801 61,821 256,192 728,935 3,214,853 832,897 43, 517 90,198 183,028 516, 154 7,835,653 1, 188, 715 1,403,403 1, 741, 569 3,503,966 104,503,333 161,673 104,341,660 $3,014,091 384, 092 1, 060, 564 1, 569, 435 7,681,272 112,399 658, 787 2,628, 4,282,004 17, 835, 596 72, 789 560, 447 5,576,850 11,625,510 1,021,668 13, 464 64,060 944, 144 2,929,583 64,372 297,960 762, 829 1, 804, 422 1,582,866 33,320 97,418 160, 316 1,291,812 6,667,290 1, 135, 248 1,210,342 1,373,699 2,948,001 92,305,484 39, 725 450,651 91, 815, 108 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 10.2 25.1 12.0 62.7 100.0 1.3 7.4 30.7 60. 100.0 0.4 6.5 30.1 64.0 100.0 0.2 1.4 9.6 88.9 100.0 1.6 6.0 17.1 75.4 100.0 5.2 10.8 22.0 62.0 100.0 15.2 17.9 22.2 44.7 100.0 0.2 99.8 100.0 12.7 35.2 52.1 100.0 1.5 8.6 34.2 55.7 100.0 0.4 3.1 31.3 65.2 100.0 1, 6. 92.4 100.0 2.2 10.2 26.0 61.6 100.0 2.1 6.2 10.1 '81.6 100.0 17.0 18.2 20.6 44.2 100.0 0.5 99.5 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $2, 493, 771 247,632 567,088 268,691 1,410,360 1,291,137 22, 181 150,930 327,023 791,003 2,038,893 13, 146 117,297 762, 743 1, 156, 707 970,041 3,757 31,043 67, 844 867,397 1,886,739 42,515 168,336 349,430 1,326,469 328,255 20,068 42,281 76,273 189,633 5,591,543 963,019 1,066,732 1,211,058 2,360,734 10,330,745 30, 766 10,299,979 1909 $1,342,240 174,949 482,963 684,328 1,246,626 18,357 96,414 394, 471 737,284 2,618,328 15, 189 117, 799 970, 125 1,516,215 294,272 19,361 266, 812 1,413,577 37,050 190,055 365, 564 820,908 605,024 17,526 48,315 61,910 477,273 4,955,946 901,897 956,460 949,219 2,148,380 13,947,606 13,123 91,354 13, 843, 129 Per cent distribution, 1914 1909 22.7 10. 56.6 100.0 1.7 11.7 25.3 61.3 100.0 0. 5.8 36.9 56.7 100.0 0.4 3.2 7.0 89.4 100.0 2.3 8.9 18.6 70.3 100.0 - 6.1 12.9 23.2 67.8 100.0 17.2 19.1 21.7 42.0 100.0 0.3 99.7 100.0 13.0 36.0 51.0 100.0 1.6 7.7 31.6 100.0 0.6 4.5 37.1 57.9 2.7 6.6 90.7 100.0 2.6 13.4 25.9 68.1 100.0 2.9 8.0 10.2 78.9 100.0 18.2 19.3 19.2 43.3 100.0 0.1 0.7 99.2 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000.' 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ' Includes the group "less than $6,000." Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. DlOitiZBCl bV < Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. ' Includes the groups "less than $6,000" and "$5,000 to $20,000." In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a preponder- ance as to number of wage earners, value of products, kM6ff&S©ft®^^'^ by manufacture for establishments MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 845 having products valued at $100,000 and over. The largest proportions of total value of products for establislunents in this class, 99.2 per cent and 91.5 per cent, are reported for South Omaha and Omaha, respectively, and the lowest, 50.6 per cent, for Hastings. Table 17 1 WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTUKE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. •ol s ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTURE. PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per- cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Gkakd Island 49 460 100.0 $2,100,700 100.0 $684,458 100.0 Omaha 417 8,922 100.0 $66,438,041 100.0 $18,372,237 100.0 Less than $5,000 Less than JS.OOO 16 15 15 3 47 15 43 149 253 416 3.3 9.3 32.4 55.0 100.0 34,591 124,576 685,586 1,255,947 1,610,638 1.7 5.9 32.6 59.8 100.0 19,912 66,214 281,601 316,731 656,825 2.9 9.7 41.1 46.3 100.0 108 156 84 58 U 61 79 549 1,086 4,201 3,007 6,063 0.9 6.A 12.2 47.1 33.7 100.0 285,907 1,633,606 3,696,816 17,106,031 43,715,681 106,025,436 0.4 2.5 5.6 25.7 •65.8 100.0 184,747 960,942 1,972,790 7,737,377 7,516,381 11,565,980 1.0 SA 000 to S20 000 $5,000 to $20,000 5.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over South Omabia 10.8 42.1 40.9 100 Ta 98 1,821 4.3 11.5 60.6 23.6 100.0 29,371 172,240 593,843 815,184 10,025,190 1.8 10.7 36.9 50.6 lOCT.O 14,671 88,881 302,344 250,929 3,925,916 2.3 13.5 46.0 38.2 100.0 $5 000 to $20,000 18 18 13 6 6 17 67 90 191 5,698 0.3 1.1 1.5 3.1 94.0 56,229 201,925 603,888 1,295,359 103,868,035 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.2 98.0 32,735 113,060 236,813 532,098 10,651,274 0.3 J20,000 to 3100,000 »100,000tojl,000,000 Lincoln ■ $5,000 to $20,000 1.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 2.0 4.6 92.1 60 68 49 118 55 237 609 920 3.0 13.0 33.5 60.5 164,965 717, 566 2,211,615 6,931,044 1.6 7.2 22.1 69.1 113,890 459,575 1,132,357 2,220,094 2.9 11.7 28.8 56.6 (5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 18 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, and for 19 of the more important industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 18 TOTAL, ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDUSTRY AND CITY. o rt 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. II "is 11 f3 II g $" 'i § 1' 1^ ■S.S 1^ 11 I" Il 1^ 1^ All industries . . 2,492 25,144 471 1,589 3,044 269 2,744 88 2,854 38 2,585 23 3,436 8 2,942 2 1,379 4 6,160 232 333 47 48 16 18 12 9 211 23 80 48 31 14 51 53 692 10 120 444 769 337 1,140 502 696 109 4,111 335 106 682 283 1,156 354 177 488 506 143 2,413 5,713 505 5,388 17,682 15 81 ..... 4 ..... 1 35 2 6 11 5 1 3 14 139 1 35 62 121 209 234 25 25 9 1 4 4 151 10 52 31 19 2 30 31 434 2 65 251 364 229 396 78 48 26 5 10 6 342 28 127 64 ■ 29 9 61 54 827 5 142 658 912 7 13 14 12 1 2 3 2 19 8 11 4 4 4 12 7 50 2 14 80 155 75 117 160 142 11 20 45 13 154 81 104 41 42 37 159 66 541 14 169 753 1,592 1 2 7 1 2 2 33 72 179 48 72 60 Bread and other bakery products 1 1 3 61 85 196 1 108 1 386 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter 2 262 Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy .«!t.f*aiTi-rHilroa'1 rompa.Tiip-'' 1 i 1 1 2 3 59 280 61 62 138 241 8 1,199 2 745 1 666 1 1,367 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' sup- plies '. 1 5 1 6 1 3 3 4 1 12 26 124 36 219 40 106 121 140 23 408 Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 1 168 209 1 297 Gas, illuminating and heating ' Liquors, malt. .. 3 2 191 146 1 130 Printing and publishing . 5 371 2 1 266 178 1 723 3 4,793 Tobacco, cigars ... * " .... 6 30 74 194 953 2,267 11 30 694 2,022 6 16 916 2,367 4 4 1,514 1,649 Total for cities. 1 723- 4 6, ICO Grand Island 49 47 195 417 61 460 416 1,821 8,922 6,063 5 4 29 74 9 31 25 106 172 30 76 64 270 423 79 10 12 35 87 11 110 145 357 900 80 1 6 18 46 3 29 207 650 1,375 97 1 65 1 190 Hastings „ Lincoln 6 21 3 344 1,444 179 2 12 1 291 1,764 112 Omaha 4 1,649 1 3 1 367 South Omaha 1 723 4^793 Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and, for 1909, similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Digitized by ^ Of the 2,492 establishments reported for all manu- facturing industries in the state, 471, or 18.9 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These are small isjabfehm^s in which the work is done by the pro- 846 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. prietors or firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. Where wage earners were reported the nmnber was so small and the term of employment so short that in computing the average, as described in "Explanation of terms," the nmnber was less than one person and the estabhshment was classed as one having "no wage earners." The comparatively small establishments still predominate in the majority of the industries of the state; 1,858, or 74.6 per cent. employed on the average less than 20 wage earners during the year. There were only 37 establishments that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earners each, but these establishments gave employ- ment to 55.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported for all establishments. Steam- railroad repair shops and slaughtering and meat pack- ing are the only industries reporting more than 500 wage earners. Table 19 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NOMBEE OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. ItoS 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 lto5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 12.1 12.5 10.9 13.4 11.3 11.1 10.3 10.9 13.7 8.7 11.7 11.8 5.5 5.1 24.5 26.5 Gas,illuminating and heating . . Leather goods _ 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 18.1 12.2 16.4 10.5 1.8 2.1 12.1 9.6 37.8 38.6 34.3 34.7 0.1 0.4 28.1 24.0 10.4 11.1 5.2 11.6 4.8 23.7 22.6 7.6 14.4 31.4 31.5 46.1 31.0 22.4 23.4 0.2 0.2 33.5 37.2 14.0 15.9 9.0 11.3 59.9 66.9 24.8 6.7 27.7 19.5 16.1 16.9 18.4 38.4 38.7 17.7 18.0 12.8 'ii's 59.0 '70.' 2 Artificial stone products 68.0 61.1 34.7 54.3 15.6 14.5 6.9 U.5 23.9 10.0 0.1 3.0 4.2 5.7 5.2 50.1 40.8 9.9 18.9 11.0 7.5 22.2 30.9 10.3 20.6 31.9 30.5 20.4 21.1 10.1 39.0 0.5 13.4 5.7 12.3 22.2 22.6 36.6 28.6 24.3 9.0 23.6 9.8 8.0 6.3 3.4 35.7 35.4 6.9 18.0 66.0 18.5 1.4 1.8 "7'.3 24.5 30.9 18.2 12.7 56.8 18.9 19.8 Liquors, malt Bread and other bakery prod- 5.3 16.9 19.6 28.2 49.3 9.5 21.7 33.9 39.1 77.8 28.8 39.4 26.6 ucts. Lumber and timber products.. . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter 37.6 Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing . 30.5 15.4 15.2 Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. 11.0 . 8.3 3.1 3.0 ! 32.6 1.4 6.6 83.6 46.8 57.5 41.7 9.1 7.2 48.8 12.7 12.2 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. 29.2 6.6 18.1 33.5 16.0 13.8 33.3 37.7 83.9 84.2 Confectionery 36.0 12.9 13.7 11.4 17.0 19.6 13.3 ?R 1 !fl 8 apiarists' supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 9.3 4.1 34 8 15.5 Grand Island. 16.5 15.4 14.8 4.7 1.3 23.9 34.9 19.6 10.1 1.3 6.3 49.8 30.7 16.4 1.6 12.0 41.3 Food preparations, not else- where specified. Lincoln . 18.9 16.2 3.0 16.0 19.8 1.8 20.8 14.5 16.3 25.7 32.7 18.5 11.9 1 IS 3 Foundry and machine-shop products. South Omaha 7P 1 Among the cities the highest percentage of the total number of wage earners reported by estabhshments employing more than 100 wage earners is shown for South Omaha, 92.8 per cent,. Engines and power. — ^Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in gen- erating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Table 30 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS.. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 19»« 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 4,296 2,694 1,010 90,192 64,466 46,372 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 1,393 531 754 108 2,903 2,903 1,366 537 688 143 1,328 1,328 1,010 616 334 160 70,464 58,066 6,724 5,674 19,728 19,701 27 56,726 44,882 4,408 7,436 7,740 7,530 210 43,881 34,625 2,036 7,221 2,491 2,364 127 78.2 64.4 7.5 6.3 21.8 21.8 88.0 69.6 6.8 U.5 12.0 11.7 0.3 94.6 74.7 Tnternal-cnmhnstinn engine-^ 4.4 15.6 Rented , 5.4 Electric m 5.1 Other 0.3 Electric 4,146 2,903 1,242 1,940 1,328 612 33,720 19, 701 14,019 15,942 7,530 8,412 8,126 2,364 5,762 100.0 58.4 41.6 100.0 47.2 52.8 100.0 Rented «300 29.1 Generated by establishments reporting 70.9 1 Figures for horsepower mclude tor 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Igitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 847 This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 25,726 horsepower, or 39.9 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, nearly half of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, now almost whoUy electric, has greatly in- creased siace 1904, when it represented only 5.4 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased to 12 per cent of the total and in 1914 to 21.8 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments, although considerable, has not kept pace with that in rented power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same establishments repre- sented 70.9 per cent of the total electric power in 1904, but only 41.6 per cent in 1914. •In spite of the great increase in rented power, owned power increased by 60.6 per cent during the decade 1904-1914 and by 24.2 per cent during the last five-year period. The use of internal-combustion engines increased rapidly during the decade, but not so rapidly as that of rented electric power. The horsepower of such engines, however, represented only about 7.5 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the last five-year period there was a con- siderable decrease in the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and motors, which in 1914 formed 6.3 per cent of the total primary power. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and ♦for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 21 BTDUSTET ASD CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). All industries. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products - : Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Butter Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Confectionery Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarist's supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products . . Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactiu-ed Leather goods Liquors , malt Lumber and timber products . . . Marble and stone work Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing . AH other industries Total for cities . Grand Island. Hastings Lincoln Omaha South Omaha. 40,932 17 1,286 20 7 147 6 1 60 2 413 36 37 30 10 446 37,998 2,376 366 21 267 1,702 19 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 644,175 901 6,265 36,441 28,223 573 128,979 2,282 1,298 38,067 3,664 5,131 11,465 16,540 582 14,948 2,606 608 6,697 246,354 93,651 475,221 7,913 6,404 27,536 182,393 250,975 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). 29,737 2,627 40 509 329 4 250 2,565 7,469 29 i4,'i2i' 26,389 132 1,470 4,560 20,079 148 Gas (1,000 cubic teet). 169,578 372 2,766 457 196 176 868 27,324 99,058 4,016 2,876 19, 269 72,779 118 46,439 5 2,788 106 310 ""538 52,630 202 5 29 1,154 22,059 459 300 720 1,626 32,721 6,299 14 11 266 ■ '446 362 30 15,543 9,143 14,842 44, 177 451 9,804 4,685 19, 213 10,024 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for four important in- dustries in Nebraska are here presented, together with statistics for power laundries. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classifica- tion includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshments. The following table gives, for 1914 and 1909, the kind, number, and cost of the animals slaughtered, and the cost of all other materials, which includes the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compounds and substitutes, ice, con- tainers, curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, fuel, rent of power, null suppHes, and freight; and the quantities and values of the various products manu- factured, except other oils, soap stock, canned sausage, oleomargarine, hoofs, horns, etc., glue, and aU other skins, which are included in " all other products, " to avoid the disclosure of individual reports. Table ZZ 1914 1909 materials. $94,172,588 $78,345,576 Aniinals slaughtered : Beeves- 491,632 $37,360,624 23,914 $481,256 1,797,072 $9,563,543 2,105,310 $40,852,237 $5,925,028 $104,503,333 651, 258 Cost $32,069,207 58, 168 Calves- Number Cost $637, 158 Sheep and lambs — Nnmhftr 1,127 962 Cost $5,429,148 2,103,602 Hogs- Cost $32,535 715 $7, 674, 348 PRODUCTS. Total value $92,282,759 Fresh meat: Beef- 272, 491, 272 $30,703,764 3,419,343 $432,793 72,208,016 $7,803,765 97,872,530 $11,527,798 20,026,468 $1,166,913 354,358,419 $26,914,613 7,609 474 Value... . . Veal- Pounds-. - .... Value $664', 563 45,101,857 $4,076,961 98,834,601 $8,624,522 5,319,504 $343,573 Mutton and lamb — Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible offal and all other fresh meat- Value 1 Includes cost of dressed meat purchased for curing, to avoid disclosure of indi- vidual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 848 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. Table 23— Continued. 1914 1909 PEODUCTS— continued. Cured meat: Beef, pickled, and other cured— 4,045,897 $614,913 202,562,434 836,651,723 1,304,565 $266,314 12,267,326 $1,739,912 66,505,695 $7,204,757 14,906,893 $1,245,656 2,001,199 $1,343,862 11, 908, 723 $826,055 5,032,975 $553,568 20,198 $663,468 491,632 29,165,696 $.5,033,251 17,018 350, 787 $67,522 1,796,985 $2,056,889 $4,600,410 6,750,949 $629,441 Pork, pickled, and other cured— 184,213,423 $20,252,674 Canned goods: 8, 469, 281 $977, 177 Sausage: 27,535,144 YalUQ $3,086,149 Lard: . 89,851,980 $9,163,052 Lard conmounds and substitutes: (') Yalue n 1,280,340 $1,089,082 Tallovr, oleo stock, and stearin: 20,525,345 Yaiue $1,757,624 ' (') ('; Fertilizer and fertilizer materials: 24,469 Yalue $579,591 Cattle— 687,031 39,975,521 $5,439,014 Yaiue Sheep— 1,127,937 $1,410,685 $8, 274, 038 1 Not reported separately. There was an increase in the cost of materials during the census period shown in the table of $15,827,012, or 20.2 per cent, and in the value of products of $12,220,574, or 13.2 per cent. These increases are largely due to the advanced cost of materials and' value of products. There was an actual decrease in the number of bfeeves and calves slaughtered, while there was an advance in the average cost of these ani- mals, and although there was only a sUght increase in the number of hogs, there was a large increase in their cost. The number of sheep and lambs, however, shows a marked increase, but the cost of these animals advanced in much greater proportion. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — A comparison of quantity, rather than value, will best indicate the output of wheat flour in the state for the year 1914. The following table gives the quantity and value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Wheat flour combined with bran and middlings formed 87.8 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in 1914. There was an increase over 1909 of 115,547 barrels of wheat flour, or 5.1 per cent, while the value decreased $506,464, or 4.4 per cent. Feed and offal and bran and middlings de- creased in value 22.9 per cent and corn meal and corn flour 42.5 per cent, and the total industry for the state, when compared with 1909, shows a decrease of 15.8 per cent. This decrease in value of products in 1914 was due to the depression in prices during the year. The equipment reported for the state for the year was 1,232 stands of rolls, 36 nms of stone, and 70 attrition mills. One establishment manufactured barrels, and four made sacks. Table 23 1914 1909 1904 $15,022,126 $17,835,596 $12,190,303 Wheat flour: Barrels 2,383,097 $10,944,855 22,515 $101,140 74,572 $3,412 230,968 $702,795 109,741 $2,250,742 39,562 $951,340 133,560 $4, 114 $36,313 $28,415 2,267,560 $11,451,319 26,475 $120,425 281,389 $10,842 425,413 $1,222,670 189,062 $4,151,898 1,739,998 $7,939,735 51,059 $198,749 224,660 $7,278 542,099 $1,133,437 Value Eye flour: Barrels Value Buckwheat floui-: Pouuds Value Com meal and com flour: Value Bran and middlings: Value Feed and oflal: Tons 169,111 $2,500,182 Value Breakfast foods: Value All other cereal products, value ' $822,708 $55,734 $93,824 $317,100 1 Barley meal, apd hominy and grits included in "all other cereal products." Butter. — As will be seen by the following table, which gives the quantity and value of butter manu- factures in the state for 1914, 1909, and 1904, this industry has experienced a decided increase during the past 10 years. Table Z1 1914 1909 1904 $U, 082, 123 $7,681,272 $3,326,110 Butter: Pounds . . 36,343,424 $10,001,032 20,429,859 $5,519,611 15,913,565 $4,481,421 914,003 $74,687 $1,006,404 23,973,162 $6,570,084 13,652,328 $3,654,578 10,320,834 $2,915,506 281,811 $27,149 $1,084,039 16,035,468 $3,164,300 10,573,016 $2,074,694 5,462,452 $1,089,606 1,077,068 $80,497 Value Packed solid- Pounds Value Prints or rolls- Pounds Value Cream sold: Value All other products value $81,313 A report was received from only one cheese factory in 191,4 and from one estabhshment engaged in the manu- facture of condensed milk, which is the first time this branch of the industry has been represented in the state, so separate figures could not be shown for these industries. The value of their products, therefore, and that for several cheese factories from which reports were received in 1909 and 1904, are incorpo- rated with that of "all other products." There has been a reduction in the milk reported as material from 157,978,290 pounds in 1904 to 9,473,066 pounds in 1914; on the other hand, the use of cream has increased from 32,312,868 poimds in 1904 to 112,155,855 pounds in 1914. This condition is due to the increase in the manufacture of butter and to an accompanying decrease in the manufacture of cheese. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. 849 During the decade 1904-1914 there was an increase in the total value of products of $7,756,013, or 233.2 per cent, due almost entirely to the increase in the manufacture of butter in 1914, which forms 90 per cent of the total value of products of the industry. The total amoimt of butter manufactured has increased during this period 20,307,956 pounds, or 126.6 per cent. Of this, the quantity reported as "packed solid" — that is, put up in firkins or tubs — gained 9,856,843 pounds, or 93.2 per cent, and that put up in "prints or roUs" shows a gain of 10,451,113 poimds, or 191.3 per cent. Printing and pnblisliing. — Table 25 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue for the different classes of newspaper and periodical pubhcations in Nebraska for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 35 NTTMBEB OF PUB- LICATIONS. AQGEEGATE CIRCULATION PEE ISSUE. ]»li 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total.. 650 623 636 3,003,305 2,303,161 1,874,362 Daily 34 12 538 19 37 110 34 8 521 16 36 9 31 8 535 18 39 5 329,840 187,287 916,257 38,219 1,354,598 177,104 262,109 129,050 1,074,554 31,085 684,513 121,840 185,835 99,779 861,840 Semiweekly and triweekly. . . Montlily 24,730 399,444 302,734 1 Includes six semimonthlies, one bimanthly, and three quarterlies. While there was. no increase in the number of daily newspapers during the semidecade 1909 to 1914, their circulation increased 67,731, or 25.8 per cent. Twenty- three of these newspapers, with a circulation of 220,182, were issued in the evening. The Sunday circulation increased 58,237, or 45.1 per cent. The circulation of the weeklies decreased, but there was a very large increase — 670,085, or 97.9 per cent — in the circulation of the monthly publications, the greater part of which was due to the growth of those that were issued in the interest of fraternal orders. One daily and 1 Sunday newspaper were printed in German. Of the ireekhes, 33 were printed in foreign languages — 12 in Bohemian, 10 in German, 6 in Danish, 2 each in Italian and Swedish, and 1 in Enghsh-and- German. Of the 3 foreign semiweekhes, 1 each was in Bohemian, German, and Polish; of the monthly publications, 3 were in German and 1 each in Danish and Swedish. Of the other pubhcations, 3 semi- monthlies were printed in German and 1 in Bohemian, and 2 quarterhes in German and 1 in Danish. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 26, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Nebraska for 1914 and 1909. 82101°— 18 54 In 1914 Nebraska ranked twenty-fourth among the states in amount received for work done and twenty- seventh in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows increases in all but two of the items given — nnmber of establishments and salaried em- ployees — which show decreases of 2.6 and 15 per cent, respectively. Amount received for work done shows an increase of 26.8 per cent, and average number of wage earners an increase of 17.4 per cent. Establish- ments owned by individuals reported 26.4 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 54.9 per cent; and those imder other forms of ownership, 18.7 per cenl , Table 26 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done . POWER LAUNBBIE3. Number or amount. 1914 74 1,490 85 102 1,303 1,779 J995,413 746,833 133,644 613, 189 933 43, 213 372,039 1,517,924 1909 76 1,314 84 120 1,110 1,610 1871,600 554,245 117,467 436,778 889 21,919 265,620 1,197,374 Percent ofin- 1909- 1914. 13.4 -15.0 17.4 17.8 14.2 34.7 13.8 40.4 4.9 97.1 45. 5 26.8 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 27 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laimdries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table S7 January . . . February. March April May June July August September October. . . November December . ■WAGE EARNEES. Number. 1914 268 269 286 280 322 ,347 ,338 324 314 ;299 292 303 1909 1,041 1,060 1,061 1,074 1,080 1,114 1,143 1,168 1,162 1,148 1,135 1,140 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 94.1 94.2 96.6 95.0 98.1 100.0 99.3 98.3 97.6 96.4 95.9 96.7 1909 89.1 89.9 90.8 92.0 92.6 95.4 97.9 100.0 99.5 98.3 97.2 97.6 Table 28 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 850 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. Table 28 NUMBEB OF HOESEPOWEE. POWEB. ENOINES OB MOIOES. Amount. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease," 1909- 1914. PHm^iry power, tot^l 107 112 1,779 1,510 17.8 Owned 70 66 14 37 70 57 13 42 1,625 1,355 270 154 1,354 1,282 72 156 20.0 Steam 5.7 Rented— Electric -1.3 Electric — Generated in establishments 47 4 143 3 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 29 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 29 Unit. Per cent of Kiiro. 1914 1909 in- crease,! 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs Barrels 320 20,386 115 469 4,624 Bituminous coal 17,554 28 649 6,046 16.1 Coke Oil -27.7 -23.S Gas 1,000 cubic feet 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than lOO. GENERAL TABLES. Table 30 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of estabhshments, average number of wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the city having more than 50,000 inhabitants; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhab- itants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 31 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in the city having more than 50,000 inhabitants^ statistics in detail for each industry for which figures can be shown without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for aU industries, combined. Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. UIDUSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. DroXTSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. Allindustries.. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms., Butter.. Carriages and wagons and materials. cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- losd companies. Coffee, roasting and grinding. Confectionery Dairymen's, poultry- men's, and apiarists' supplies. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,492 2,500 1,819 25,144 24,336 20,260 90,192 64,466 46,372 $16,893 13,948 11,022 $174,114 151,081 124,052 $221,616 199,019 154,918 232 286 26 337 553 83 842 563 25 215 337 45 346 514 66 803 1,226 160 1914 1909 1904 333 279 138 1,140 646 383 999 342 183 682 -373 188 2,617 1,672 720 5,111 3,014 1,351 1914 1909 1904 147 79 99 602 836 905 3,772 4,088 3,510 311 469 471 179 282 277 669 1,173 1,132 1914 1909 14 15 154 77' 143 79 57 30 219 270 425 523 1914 1909 1904 48 37 40 696 383 253 11,787 1,032 861 486 256 137 9,791 6,435 2,672 11,082 7,681 3,3;!6 1914 1909 1904 16 22 20 109 200 150 280 224 101 83 - 131 87 99 251 128 265 577 318 1914 1909 1904 18 13 30 4,111 3,685 3,245 7,895 6,616 4,210 3,511 2,271 2,109 2,863 1,724 1,917 6,737 4,642 4,395 1914 1909 6 5 98 76 545 150 40 29 1,045 811 1,262 1,000 1914 1909 1904 12 18 10 335 383 254 468 241 68 132 127 87 661 705 201 1,066 1,176 542 1914 1909 1904 9 16 8 106 230 107 405 345 94 63 135 57 231 459 95 397 941 247 Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Gas, illuminating and heating. Ice, manufactured. Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work . Mattresses and spring beds. 1914 1909 1904 211 249 234 682 839 863 17,830 19,907 17,951 $514 519 468 $12,983 15,217 10,153 1914 1909 1904 23 18 5 283 148 26 2; 653 876 160 77 16 2,863 727 131 1914 1909 1904 2 80 73 M6 1,156 1,020 518 2,170 1,399 715 800 595 287 2,375 1,516 428 1914 1909 1904 9 6 5 82 41 63 61 17 5 43 19 28 129 92 64 1914 1909 1904 48 48 25 354 400 302 1,620 1,015 1,461 227 209 142 606 445 240 1914 1909 18 7 102 30 1,704 1,193 68 21 121 40 1914 1909 1904 <31 30 22 177 266 247 188 148 142 131 197 146 50$ 978 536 1914 1909 1904 14 14 16 488 424 265 3,489 2,938 1,826 345 290 186 906 625 459 1914 1909 1904 5 51 48 S27 506 543 356 1,776 1,343 1,119 ' 361 356 ISA 858 1,226 264 1914 1909 1904 53 38 15 143 187 121 382 315 43 125 160 92 460 331 141 1914 1909 1904 6 6 5 77 113 36 1,049 96 31 51 68 16 215 217 50 $16,022 17,836, 12,19a 3.833, 1,022' 279 4,262: 2,930- 1,092: 294 173 116, 1,928. 1,415 912. 33a 125. 1,5 3,012 3,335. 1,664 1,529' 2,021 645. 841 721 315. 355 loa I Includes "sand-lime brick." * Includes "automobile repairing;" "bells;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" and " structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ■ 3 Excludes statistics lor two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." » Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-miU products, not including planing mills connected with saw mills;" and "window and door screens andl weather strips." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. Table 30 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, and 1904— Continued. 851 INDrSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. - Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Mineral and soda waters Optical goods.. Faints. . Printing and publish- ing. 1914 1909 1904 63 59 38 105 102 53 185 164 62 $64 53 28 1175 153 52 . S435 393 176 1914 1909 1904 7 5 3 48 34 16 27 9 7 28 20 9 166 67 16 331 146 35 1914 1909 1904 6 4 3 67 112 40 400 425 170 45 68 19 624 849 237 958 1,254 347 1914 1909 1904 1692 674 631 2,413 2,329 2,073 3,203 2,552 1,687 1,652 1,397 1,093 2,244 , 1,711 1,294 7,836 6,667 4,991 Slaughtering and meat- packing. Tobacco, cigars. All other industries. . 1914 1909 igM 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 120 151 157 315 282 207 5,713 6,015 6,690 506 637 616 ■4,655 4,127 3,805 16,486 11,873 6,328 10,825 6,515 5,773 J3,697 3,372 3,169 249 270 238 2,753 2,119 1,680 $94, 173 78,358 61,278 449 469 36, 211 34,937 42,295 $104,603 92,305 69,329 1,033 1,072 900 46,604 43,713 49,332 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. OMAHA— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Butter. Confectionery. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 417 432 318 8,922 8,023 5,822 20,679 16,037 $6,810 4,837 3,204. $48,066 43^415 42,893 $66,438 60,865 54,004 64 65 29 763 304 192 718 181 437 168 91 1,694 828 325 3,239 1,616 667 1914 1909 1904 5 4 4 261 162 71 775 320 173 128 46 4,324 3,104 1,005 4,841 3,786 1,229 1914 1909 1904 6 6 4 228 267 182 346 181 89 85 60 448 413 136 737 719 381 Foundry and machine- shop products. Liquors, malt . Lumber and timber products. All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2 19 23 18 6 6 5 S14 16 <5 304 316 263 527 364 328 171 260 258 201 6,586 6,432 4,677 791 610 2,023 1,780 721 556 15,306 12,410 $361 218 184 210 196 126 190 183 137 4,360 3,869 2,660 $962 636 253 574 396 320 377 908 149 39, 797 37, 131 40,706 $1,708 1,133 673 2,019 2,272 1,141 667 1,346 354 53,237 60,084 49,669 CITIES OP 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Gbahd Island. LnicoLN. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 49 43 195 167 128 460 576 ,1,821 2,140 1,617 1,618 780 5,249 2,206 $342 349 1,208 1,066 863 $1,416 908 6,099 3,864 2,691 $2, 101 1,674 10,025 7,010 5,223 South Omaha. 1914 1909 1904 6,306 5,662 16,469 11,869 $3,926 3,544 3,210 $94,469 77,673 59, 193 $106,025 92,436 67,415 ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making" and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing." ' Includes "bells," "hardware," and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 'Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens and weather strips." * Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those published, beca^ise it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 852 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBT. * Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EAKNEKS DEC. 15, OB NEAE- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- per in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— AtL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 2,492 33,695 2,472 1,384 3,539 1,156 25,144 Au 26,795 Fe 23,704 Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Boxes, wooden packing Brea^ and other bakery products Brick, building brick, draintile, and flreprooflng terra cotta. Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and Carpets, rag Carnage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Cleansing and polishing preparations. Coffee, roasting and grmdmg Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper.( tin, and sheet-iron work Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies. Druggists' preparations Electroplatmg Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere speoined. Macaroni, sirups, and other preparations for human con- sumption. For ammals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furniture Wood, including rattan and wil- low. Store and office fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured Jewelry Liquors, malt , Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planmg mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds . . Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book pubhshing and printing, including linotype work. Printing and publishmg, newspapers and periodicals. Pnnting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing, without printing. .. Saddlery and harness Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars Tools, machinists' and miscellaneous Trunks and valises 232 7 333 44 14 48 14 11 4 211 23 11 53 6 63 7 6 27 116 110 21 497 54 27 5 10 4 664 50 13 98 90 1,736 574 223 966 232 12 132 4,401 5 148 574 453 121 223 83, 21 1,218 472 230 242 1,037 1,011 110 125 44 527 150 41 604 522 96 211 111 100 223 1,063 26 2,972 791 186 273 451 7,209 318 ,,«85 i; 261 9 5 7 5 382 41 18 18 9 7 2 249 18 12 120 7 601 13 540 48 33 2 5 4 132 52 1 8 141 12 6 108 22 11 11 ' Owned power only. Bi^tizBd:hy. 117 9 38 90 1 1 7 138 11 1 145 101 40 141 4 137 5 6 4 113 1,313 40 69 11 40 99 70 40 4 7 139 5 337 34 8 68 77 1,140 154 698 209 16 6 103 4,111 399 335 64 165 106 51 11 682 283 109 13 722 82 140 108 32 354 102 31 488 413 143 77 105 48 67 92 790 12 1,692 1,191 3 169 423 5,713 259 505 My Ap« Ja4 Jy My« Au 538 44 10 91 87 1,193 761- De 185 Je 1,004 Au 1, 188 My 23 6 140 Oo 4,272 De* No« No Jy llh Set No Se Oc Se Oo My De /o No 2 105 411 102 204 218 54 15 711 198 19 788 120 Mh No Je ifo Je Au Je De< 82 Jy 155 Oc 53 37 412 166 34 604 451 805 16 De « 408 No 1,222 De* De Mh Oc Ja De 4 181 465 5,977 286 524 i/iicrmoftm' Ja Ja No< No No< Ja 1,049 De 176 Se 116 Fe 539 Ja 8 10 Fe< p) 6 Oc 78 Ap 3,924 My< Ja Ja Fe Jy Ja Ja« My 281 126 45 47 10 651 Fe 83 My « 146 Ja No My 65 Oc Ja No 312 Ja* 48 Mh* 29 Ja 410 Ja 377 Fe Jy Ja* Ja Ja Ja* Jy 763 10 Je 388 Jy 1,160 Jy* Oc 2 158 372 Au 5,428 Mh 236 Mh 482 (') 498 26 6 63 82 1,206 762 163 594 18 6 79 4,185 2 101 458 384 74 157 207 "^3 13 720 325 121 15 674 118 128 94 34 317 110 32 479 407 150 83 112 52 87 816 803 13 1,633 408 1,221 4 183 397 5,868 246 542 6 9 (') 497 23 6 26 82 807 750 149 455 514 15 5 78 4,185 2 32 209 138 71 im 207 SO 13 718 269 76 193 687 14 673 61 126 91 34 316 109 28 479 403 150 68 107 42 83 81 601 590 11 1,277 391 4 181 34 5,404 246 (.') I (.') 37 I 391 14 139 346 249 246 15 3 10 4 16 209 1 328 13 315 2 363 439 194 .... 26 (.') »121,007,944 12 747,892 92,898 11,625 152,776 135,091 2,079,518 2,163,371 333,418 5,750,795 394,116 19,470 18,323 438, 857 7,335,318 1,436 404,969 924,904 719,178 206,726 313,779 332,037 274,566 10,695 8,025,463 1,613,896 758,903 864,992 3,075,921 76,082 3,000,839 147,760 173,459 116,950 67,509 11,077,327 901,619 37,721 4,674,424 1,436,082 750,361 172,804 387,435 225,466 832,974 304,400 1,620,559 1,687,729 32,830 3,869,796 710,371 3,068,189 91,236 956,262 164,199 25,571,863 922,408 27,836 26,938 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. • No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 853 EXPENSES. * Value of products. Value added ty manu- fecture. POWEH. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments re^ort- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, Includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent ol power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temaj- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. t2, 516,168 84,601,467 $16,893,345 24,540 6,000 9,640 7,091 56,895 41,270 14,740 172,327 11,910 1,080 12,600 204,286 375 20,670 60,676 49,676 11,000 14,293 11,320 18,600 4,680 .168,744 48,819 16,700 32,119 72,136 900 71,236 13.676 17,390 9,550 7,840 63,761 22,321 3,320 195,572 44,148 11,000 18,798 23,498 11,364 29,422 117,738 111,598 6,140 284,907 118,848 132,264 33,795 25,140 15,824 152,840 23,528 24,304 1,200 11,031 2,825 14,387 5,715 182,498 9,040 42,177 162, 171 1,200 300 8,316 128,344 24 31,894 108,263 99,096 9,167 6,329 28,593 13,970 664 155,583 123,750 89,790 33,960 200,094 3,648 196.446 8,568 7,406 3,740 6,026 1,374 90,926 52,480 32,595 4,924 14,731 29,280 34,258 93,900 81,300 78,800 2,600 558,617 344,340 154,258 60,019 58,442 8,126 1,691,910 37, 738 27,319 215,318 24,067 6,620 37,748 49,719 682, 140 302,932 66,945 485,595 53,478 9,504 3,331 79,615 3,510,731 708 40,381 175,390 131,968 43,422 121,274 62,690 34,601 6,336 513,869 160,068 50,462 109,606 518,997 10,216 608,781 43,137 79,323 55,509 23,814 226,732 68,344 25,162 344,927 303,820 125,242 51,035 63,800 28,124 45,030 71,611 620,431 506,791 13,640 1,117,503 364,268 761,337 1,908 124,659 151,665 3,697,374 164,250 4,963 6,118 $461,983 6,240 765 27 2,806 150 17,087 5,449 3,725 3,300 425 1,512 3,600 1,300 240 1,054 684 370 9,141 265 160 406 1,705 '""256' 19 26,839 16,983 9,856 313,648 36,862 15, 185 261,601 16,261 1,040 200 718 $814,447 $3,616,770 $171,362,700 $2,760,984 2,861 4,701 1,787 8,230 710 119,204 656 1,092 15,374 2,700 774 489 2,540 376 2,022 30,903 17,529 13,374 8,052 606 3,495 2,498 10,436 6,202 5,122 80 15,986 310 15,676 8,750 3,033 1,200 1,833 3,764 139 1,932 18,000 30,569 5,364 3,320 9,037 12,519 72 8,519 76,671 75,681 990 98,290 28,258 63,726 6,306 16,320 14,510 169,690 50 14,590 120 2,560 7,311 517 87 897 325 17,576 9,621 2,121 28,259 2,046 160 83 5,376 44,232 17 2,570 6,689 4,694 1,895 1,900 2,130 1,628 18 46,721 11,728 6,978 4,760 17,702 349 17,353 743 1,293 633 710 153,529 5,847 103 621,352 13,332 4,662 1,218 3,303 1,269 4,163 2,729 12,056 11,834 222 31,555 7,897 23,094 564 6,847 844 120,397 3,177 .92,497- 338,178 92,993 2,442 132,923 134,310 2,500,177 30, 213 216,703 9,646,606 184,292 2,874 12,890 79,657 2,635,292 1,427 1,036,105 859,336 646,213 213,123 307,408 225,843 155,823 3; 065 12,782,912 2,812,998 418,614 2,394,384 1,695,579 42,460 1,653,119 127,346 89,177 56,267 32,910 460,174 26,980 25,811 799,623 690,880 450,419 211,550 169,389 164,241 616,644 217,429 984,838 982,176 2,662 1,155,114 642,547 693,059 19,508 487, 100 595,262 93,506,746 452,428 7,829 1,193 539 1,586 3,742 117,013 138,926 2,488 144,380 4,217 605 236 6,466 227,864 63 8,506 28, 213 14,508 13,705 2,602 6,363 1,766 1,159 200,321 49,575 14,599 34,976 37,786 885 36,901 1,853 4,383 2,663 1,720 156,517 93, 750 291 106,446 16,250 9,905 3,158 5,836 1,378 7,136 2,847 27,978 26,977 1,001 67,701 19,220 48,269 212 6,241 4,989 666,842 11,153 |-> W4, 4W/ ■ 4t*|tQ* $221,615,848 $47,502,164 802,962 156,000 14,670 225, 172 211,657 6,110,961 643,996 424,772 11,082,123 337,261 22,843 21,648 243,831 6,736,863 5,712 1,261,606 1,465,625 1,066,438 399,087 679,294 397, 161 306,696 19,313 15,022,126 3,832,614 758, 286 3,074,329 2,864,602 71,117 2,793,485 294,299 218,243 134,284 83,959 1,928,116 330,467 70,619 3,011,745 1,286,607 841, 110 315,349 434,722 330,989 957,829 561,737 2,373,523 2,316,153 57,370 5,433,416 2,093,676 2,979,258 360,481 801,246 869,244 104,503,333 828,938 456,955 61,814 11,689 90,664 73,605 2,493,771 474,858 205,581 1,291,137 148,762 19,364 8,522 167,709 3,873,707 4,222 216,995 677,976 406,717 172,259 269,384 165,955 148,107 15,089 2,038,893 970,041 326,072 644,969 1,131,237 27, 772 1,103,466 166,100 124,683 75,354 49,329 1,322,425 209,737 44,617 2,106,676 578,377 380,786 100,641 259,497 165,370 334,049 341,461 1,360,707 1,307,000 53,707 4,210,600 1,531,909 2,337,930 340,761 308,905 10,330,746 366,367 ICN 584,476 £) 8 054 1^ 19,350 90, 192 842 37 28 25 273 999 3,577 143 11,787 1,247 12 20 545 767 468 299 88 405 4 16 17,830 2,653 . 449 2,204 1,457 80 1^377 61 245 104 141 1,620 1,704 12 3,489 1,403 382 1,049 185 ' 27 400 234 956 949 7 2,233 432 1,800 1 177 125 15,486 517 8 21 11 58,066 6,751 131 150 127 2,831 119 11,476 1,187 7,731 222 212 10 286 507 260 247 482 482 126 60 76 1,030 975 2,961 625 41 25 "356' 275 25 260 12,538 100 565 "26' 69 244 3,247 180 180 167 6 161 3 459 240 16 112 91 733 13 720 5,674 19,701 5,664 146 37 8 25 123 801 502 14 225 21 15 1 254 142 20 545 504 251 253 66 50 16 1,653 1,966 1,777 808 74 734 61 117 54 63 131 489 12 623 260 1,049 115 27 50 196 917 910 7 1,222 394 827 1 166 125 2,948 405 14,019 2 75 105 8 7 806 112 6,446 10 281 30 30 170 170 1 "343 125 83 83 2 4 3,647 294 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 39 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 66 67 58- 59 60 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. 5 Same number rep"orted throughout the year. 854 MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDtJSTET, Num- ber o£ estab- lish- ments. PBBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDOSTBY. ■WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 16, OK NEAK- EST KEPBESENTATIVE DAY. — ■ Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 6 3 3 7 151 25 IS 7 50 4,265 4 ...... 6 100 5 5 r 1 15 12 3 40 3,491 25 5 20 38 23 5 18 33 2 1182,105 161,465 20,700 85,096 31,331,140 Vinegar Se Oo My = 32 18 46 De3 No Ja 5 3 34 ^ Cider 2 4 5 "Wirework, woven- wire fencing 2 185 2 301 "m 6 *A11 other industries embrace — Agricultural Implements 4 Artificial limbs 1 Babbit metal and solder 1 Bags, other than paper 1 Baking powders and yeast 2 Baskets and rattan, and ■willowware.. 1 Bells 1 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Brass and bronze products 3 Brushes, miscellaneous 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies 4 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 2 Cheese 1 Chemicals 1 Clothing, men's 3 Clothing, women's 4 Collars and cuffs, men's 1 Condensed milk 1 Cooperage 3 Corsets 1 Dental goods 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Engmes, steam, gas, gasoline, and wa- ter 3 Engraving and die sinking 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate prtotuig 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Feathersand plumes 1 Fertilizers .' I Fire extinguishers, chemical 2 Furs, dressed 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 2 Glucose and starch i Grease ^d tallow 3 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 3 Hardware 2 Hardware, saddlery 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Hats, fur-felt 1 House-furnishing goods, comforts and quilts J . . 1 InstrumentSiprofessionalandsclentific 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. OMAHA— All industries. . .\rtiflcial stone products Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick, tile, and (rther clay products. Butter Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream . Confectionery Icecream.. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Fur goods Furniture, rattan .and willow, and store and ofiice fixtures. Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Optical goods Patent medicines and compounds . . . Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and j)ublishiQg, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing, without printing Tobacco, cigars Wirework, woven-wire fencing All other industries * 417 I 11,395 27 13 4 129 46 981 153 363 110 334 316 IS 73 265 316 49 354 243 87 28 82 159 709 807 602 102 103 72 38 6,038 335 2 6 - 63 17 S 33 3 7 9 12 4 12 5 15 551 1,112 24 10 4 6 13 36 60 35 . 1" 15 2 1 251 476 3 24 44 42 254 183 17 54 1 *0 1 1 11 24 23 106 147 8,922 34 763 143 261 90 236 228 8 58 134 241 36 217 63 16 38 69 544 366 297 67 2 55 32 6,160 Au 9,300 Fe 8,618 My = Oo Jy ■ Je Ja No Se Mh De No Au Jes Jy3 Oo No Ja^ No m De My 3 53 812 169 373 129 272 8 66 158 280 102 42 366 238 75 19 40 77 S5S 302 70 2 68 36 De Ja De Ja Oc My Ja Mh Ja Fe Ja' Ja Se Jy Au Jy (<) Fe Jas 7 692 187 65 Ap 195 Cf 8 Fe 46 Fe 3 114 No 198 248 199 38 15 35 59 p35 291 65 2 51 28 8,845 44 813 119 203 67 266 258 8 53 128 226 100 38 298 219 15 39 71 540 300 67 30 5,080 6,749 2,073 44 473 1^9 139 67 106 99 7 63 90 225 SO 36 298 218 15 31 60 408 363 297 64 2 46 25 3,815 335 160 159 1 38 8 10 132 1,255 15 $51,263,612 ' 64,068 1,231,190 456,684 1,454,682 417,072 534,710 626,506 8,204 81,010 946,685 760,958 110,633 68,809 3,479,988 294,211 266,910 25.599 193,159 210, 170 1,040,155 634,233 416,057 167,965 61,211 40,771 14,227 38,967,690 * All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs ./. Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder Bags, other than paper Baking powder and yeast BeUs Boots and shoes Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packmg Brass and bronze products Brooms, from broom corn Brushes, miscellaneous 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials ,1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 1 Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, men's 3 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Cooperage 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies -. ; . . 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies '. 1 1 Electroplating ^ 3 Engraving and die sinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Feathers and plumes 1 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 4 G as, illuminating and heating 3 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Glucose and starch : 1 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 Gt^.at^ TsT.ATqrt 49 47 195 61 60S 545 2,75qr 7,7li 44 53 45 29 42 38 J m )^. 460 416 m Au 594 Au 564 Mh 392 Ja 333 \Ja 1,590 ^Je 5,768 - 597 546 1,842 6,163 463 . 377 1,469 5,631 130 169 368 512 4 $1,759,400 1,388,416 10,238,947 26,647,797 ? s Lincoln 4 15 1 5 4 PnTTTiT Omatta 1 Owned power only. » Includes rented power, other than electric. ' Sim3 number reported for one or more other months. MANUFACTURES— NEBRASKA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 855 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. ■ Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. faxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $7,900 7,900 $531 - 531 $10,875 9,430 1,445 20,677 2,197,934 $15 5 10 2,405 73,536 $919 793 126 876 2,424,191 $85,854 82,374 3,480 50,791 33,647,663 1 $1,908 1,485 423 1,171 567,607 $138,452 130,702 7,750 96,398 43,127,675 $60,690 46,843 3,847 43,436 8,912,606 200 130 70 60 8,649 175 115 60 6 6,206 15 5 10 10 10 1 ? 3 1,200 396,026 990 423,365 54 2,296 "i,'249" 4 $37,947, i4g 5 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Labels and tags 3 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Liquors, distilled 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Lumber and timber products 2 Malt I Mirrors, framed and unf ramed 2 Models and patterns, not including V paperpattems 1 Mucilage and paste 2 Musical instruments and materials, not saecified 2 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specifle,d . . 2. Paving materials 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 3 Pottery 2 Printing and publishing, music 1 Printing materials 1 Pumps, not including power pumps.. 2 Befrigerators 2 Heealia and society badges and em- blems 1 Sand-lime brick 1 Sausage 2 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Smelting and refining, lead 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 2 Stamped and enameled ware 1 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 2 Sugar, beet 2 Surgical appliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tmware, not elsewhere specified 1 Typewriters and supplies 1 Umbrellasand canes 1 Varnishes 1 Washing machines and clothes wringers 3 Whips..., 1 Windmills 2 Window and door screens and weather strips 4 .Window shades and fixtures 1 Wooden goods 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,263,191 $1,502,348 $5,809,636 $288,465 $322,385 $2,306,181 $47,015,097 $1,060,707 $66,438,041 $18,372,237 12,609 7,813 6,071 10,820 43,069 13,080 95,006 11,100 36,376" 36,376 4,820 20,267 40,790 10,076 7,840 146,155 20,141 18,036 5,388 19,848 20,662 80,882 141,423 95,062 25,120 21,2.51 1,560 505,853 3,800 154,378 2,240 73,987 8,316 79,736 77,336 2,400 769 97,505 32,851 7,648 4,186 60,257 4,826 11,120 4,522 25,085 73,792 51,268 347,049 282,782 19,712 44,556 260 240 458,513 32,366 436,604 94,362 173,073 68,350 94,175 89,255 4,920 46,984 74,432 182,335 33,907 25,998 210,440 163,890 52,895 10,789 23,180 56,397 350,291 350,027 294,217 54,562 1,248 34,772 16,616 3,278,662 240 90 90 480 49,804 356 11,000 780 14,139 10,719 3,420 3,820 3,622 11,504 7,200 2,253 8,327 245,648 26,595 1,588 217,465 "3i,'7i8' 2,434 300 2,348 11,649 6,767 66,269 33,642 22,682 6,940 4,920 2,599 2,400 99, 131 438 9,686 4,042 9,820 5,244 3,456 3,379 77 409 7,881 3,667 540 719 368,816 6,619 1,144 478 1,107 1,750 7,493 7,236 5,762 1,142 332 9,047 149 1,857,442 49, 657 1,537,636 9,813 4,295,188 69,037 455,593 438,252 17,341 97,166 1,271,666 484,255 112,465 34,410 611,123 304,456 136,245 22,899 151,242 155, 702 705,271 526,002 70, 740 2,024 47,844 11,291 36,026,156 1,406 66,356 44,629 29,127 5,817 10,636 9,829 807 478 24,704 10,975 1,461 1,796 62,874 5,791 735 1,063 2,308 18,295 19,021 16,339 3,680 102 364 682 748,273 120,203 3,238,978 193,377 4,840,849 208,457 772,135 736,924 36,211 169,242 1,733,854 879,490 240,241 90,159 2,019,378 644,291 260,916 69,210 302, 807 410,898 1,614,077 2, 166, 122 1,676,623 249,345 229,154 112,368 35, 708 46,436,282 69, 140 1,644,986 138,935 516,534 133,603 305,906 288,843 17,063 71,608 437,484 384,260 126,326 53,953 1,446,381 234,044 120,744 35,576 150,512 252,888 890,511 1,610,099 1,208,046 175,025 227,028 64,160 23,735 9,661,853 718 530 775 374 346 28 32 985 319 56 142 2,023 609 108 17 16 127 643 348 274 74 127 410 675 212 212 50 75 1,944 640 26 10 687 120 100 167 129 885 17 16 121 643 74 1 22 12,659 6 181 1 16 3,962 30 5,316 Hardware Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool ^ Hats, fur-felt Ice, manufactured Instruments, professional and scien- tific Iron and steel, doors and shutters ' Jewelry Labels and tags Liquors, distilled Looking-glass and picture frames Malt....; Mattresses and spring beds 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 MucUage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Paints 3 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Printing materials 1 Refrigerators 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Saddlery and harness 3 Sand-lime brick 1 Sausage 1 Shirts 3 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Smelting and refining, lead Smelting and refining, not from the ore Steam packing Stereotyping and electrotyping.. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Surgical appliances 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specifiai 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Trunks and valises 3 Typewriters and supplies 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Whips 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED. $66,731 37,052 305,894 210,603 $47,269 43,261 543,749 1,807,157 $341,507 235,491 1,208,097 3,925,236 $788 1,915 95,356 6,259 $7,880 12,069 118,827 202,885 $21,997 188,268 i21,997 -«]j38% 46,565 j7eHJ 71,927 -S,>S95, 93,742,463 642 716; 993 ^Mr^iif*^' 10,025,190 106,025,436 3, 925; 916 11,665,980 ' Same number reported throughout the year. \ 1,618 1,125 2 491 125 ' 959 577 116 266 56 5,249 2,689 74 2,486 350 16,469 12,188 34 4,247 3,289 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEVADA. By A. B. Weaver. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Nevada has a gross area of 110,690 square miles, of wHch 109,821 repre- sent land surface. Its population in 1900 was 42,335, and 81,875 in 1910. The estimated population in 1914 was 98,726. In 1914 there were in Nevada 86,723 square miles of unappropriated and unreserved public lands of the United States, 8,683 square miles in national forests, and 1,073 square miles in Indian reservations. There were approximately 9 inhabit- ants for each 10 square miles in 1914, 7 in 1910, and only 4 in 1900. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing in cities and other incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 13,367, or 16.3 per cent of the total, as against 7,195, or 17 per cent, in 1900. In 1914 there was only one city, Reno, esti- mated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants. This city's population in that year was 13,579, whichformed 13.8 per cent of the estimated total population of Nevada. The steam-railway mileage of Nevada in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 2,418 nules. Mining is the leading industry of the state. The value of the output of the mines and quarries in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was $29,984,338, the value of gold and silver constituting more than two-thirds of this total. Copper is also an important product. The southwestern portion of the state hes in one of the richest mineral, belts in the world. Except in isolated spots,, the rainfall throughout the state is insufficient for the growing crops, and agricul- ture depends almost entirely on irrigation. Importance and growth of manufactures.— In 1914, measured both by the value of products^$16,083,304 — and by the average number of wage earners — 3,655 — Nevada ranked forty-seventh among the states. Its proportion of the total value of products of manu- factures for the United States is small, being less than one-tenth of 1 per cent at each of the four censuses covered by the table. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Nevada for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANnFAUTUKDJe DIDUSTKIES. PEE CENT OP rNCKEASE.l 1914 1909 1904 1899 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Number of establislinieiits 180 4,113 179 279 3,655 18,748 $13,590,803 4,048,857 470,921 3,577,936 24,324 192,648 9,316,815 16,083,304 6,766,489 177 2,650 137 266 2,257 7,765 $9,806,597 2,359,803 378,041 1,981,762 7,490 111,363 8,365,939 11,886,828 3,520,889 115 1,016 108 106 802 2,834 $2,891,997 819,563 126,156 693,407 1,510 3 44,768 1,627,776 3,096,274 1,468,498 99 m m 37 504 1,561 $1,251,208 387,206 34,600 352,606 m m 662,284 1,261,005 598,721 1.7 65.2 30.7 9.0 61.9 141.4 38.6 71.6 24.6 80.5 224.8 73.0 11.4 36.3 92.2 53.9 160.8 26.9 141.5 181.4 174.0 239.1 187.9 199.7 185.8 396.0 Proprietors and firm members 59. i TPrimarv horsftnowfir ... 81.6 cS'..?™ ..:;:::::::::::::;::.: ; 131.1 111.7 Salaries " ^ i ■ 264 6 Wages 96.7 RfiTit fm(i taxes (iTicIndiTig internal reveTiii«) . 413.9 283.9 139.8 145.8 Value of products 146.5 Value adaed by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) •145.3 > Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Figures not available. > Exclusive of internal revenue. All items in this table show increases during each of the five-year periods, that, however, for the period 1904-1909 being noticeably the largest. The increases for this period were due to the exceptional growth in copper smelting, which is the most important manu- 1914, the percentage of increase was 38.6; wage earners, 61.9; wages, 80.5; and value of products, 35.3. For the United States as a whole the percentages were 23.7, 6.4, 19, and 7.3, respectively. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- facturing industry in the state. ^°^ ^^^ V^^^^W^r^ ^T^WffnfU^^f^ for the three five-year periods for capitaTiMfesfe^^ &<5m 1899 to 1914/ (857) 858 MANUFACTUEES— NEVADA. 'Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PEB CENT OP INCREASE.' INT>TJSTEY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by- manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manulacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. ' Per ■ cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 180 3,655 100.0 S16,0B3;3C4 100.0 86,766,489 100.0 61.9 181.4 59.1 35.3 283.9 94.2 145.5 92.2 139.8 145.1 Cars and general shop oonstmction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 9 4 5 42 11 7 31 71 1,468 91 176 161 21 28 65 1,645 40.2 2.5 4.8 4.4 0.6 0.8 1.8 45.0 2,260,964 1; 853, 270 476,058 473,(142 446,870 386,566 316,018 9,870,516 14.1 11.5 . 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.0 61.4 1,329,216 249, 115 290,455 375,047 73,727 109,429 145,649 4,193,851 19.6 3.7 4.3 5.5 1.1 1.6 2.2 62.0 79.5 159.7 47.2 118.9 79.7 91.0 124.5 67.6 Slaughtering and meat paolcing Jjumber and timber products -5.4 -10.6 26.5 -5.4 -8.9 37.1 -35.3 -11.2 -4.7 105.1 65.5 14.8 180.3 214.3 127.9 33.1 264.3 693.8 35.1 -7.8 99.9 7.1 2.5 -20.7 84.5 - 2.8 14.6 125.4 310.6 136.6 71.4 206.9 800.0 Butter Flour-mill and gristmill products All other industries \ 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 20; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Separate statistics are presf ited in the table for seven industries, or industry groups, for e9.oh of which products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include two with prod- ucts exceeding $1,000,000, and five between $300,000 and $500,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," are two with products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table — copper smelting and wall plaster. The statistics for these in- dustries can not be shown separately without the pos- sibility of disclosing the operations of individual estab- lishments. The industries in this table q,re arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but the arrangement woTild vary somewhat for several of the industries if based on the average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Slaughter- ing and meat packing ranks second in value of products but fourth in both wage earners and value added by manufacture. Lumber and timber products, third in value of products and value added by manufac- ture, ranks second in average number of wage earners. Printing and pubhshing ranks third in wage earners, fourth in value of products, and second in value added by manufacture. Butter, fifth in value of products, ranks seventh in wage earners and value added by manufacture. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies, and flour mill and gristmill products have the same rank in all three items. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steams-railroad companies. — This is the leading indus- try shown in Table 2. The value of products more than doubled during the five-year period 1909-1914, and large increases are also shown for average num- ber of wage earners and value added by manufacture, 79.5 and 91 per cent, respectively. Slaughtering and meat packing.— This _ industry, second in importance in 1914, wasl^^^ZOds^y-i rately in 1909, as there were but two establishments in the state in that year. The value of proiiucts in 1914 represents 11.5 per cent of the total for the state. Lumber and timber products. — This industry, em- bracing logging operations, sawmills, and planing mUls, is the third industry in importance among those given in the table, although showing a decrease of 5.4 per cent both in value of products and in aver- age number of wage earners since 1909. In considering the statistics for the lumber mills and gristmills it should be remembered that mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing and grinding for consumption in the immediate neighborhood were not to be included in the census of manufactures, but it is not always possible to conduct the enumera- tion in regard to the omission of these estabhshments on uniform lines in aU sections of the coimtry at dif- ferent censuses. Printing and publishing. — There were 54 establish- ments reported for this industry at the census of 1909. The number had decreased to 42 at the census of 1914 and there were corresponding decreases m all other, items for which figures are given. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." There were 4,113 persons reported as engaged in the manufactures of the state during 1914, which was an increase of 1,463 over the number reported for 1909. The number for 1914 included 458 salaried people and 3,655 wage earners. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 3,623 were males and 32 females. Fig- ures for the individual industries wiU be found in MANUFACTURES— NEVADA. 859 Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEES0N3 ENGAGED IN MANUPACTCItlNa BroUSTKIES. CLASS. Cen- sus, year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANXTFACTUEINa INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. 1 Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,113 2,650 4,041 2,i86 72 64 98.2 97.6 1.8 2.4 Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 191-4 1909 177 160 3,655 2,257 149 130 3,623 2,231 28 30 32 26 84.2 81.2 99.1 88.8 15 8 18.8 281 233 269 225 12 8 95.7 96.6 4.3 3,4 0.9 1.2 Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried officers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. 179 137 24 32 78 64 169 131 22 30 78 64 10 6 2 2 94.4 95.6 91.7 93.8 100.0 100.0 5.6 4.4 8.3 6.2 3,634 2,248 21 9 3,602 2,222 21 9 32 26 99.1 98.8 100.0 100.0 0.9 Under 16 years of age. 1.2 Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. There were only 72 fem.ales reported as engaged in the manufactures of Nevada during 1914. This was an increase of 8 .over the niunber reported for 1909. The numbers are so small that the percentages of increase are not shown. The largest increase in both number and per cent is shown for wage earners. The percentage that male wage earners formed of the total number engaged in manufacturing industries increased from 86.3 in 1909 to 89.7 in 1914. The corresponding proportion of females employed as wage earners was very much less, being 40.6 per cent ui 1909 and 44.4 in 1914. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Per cent of increase,i 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 All classes. 55.2 56.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 20.6 30.7 19.6 29.0 6.8 4.4 0.6 1.9 4.3 88.9 88.4 0.5 8.« • 5.2 1.2 2.4 6.0 85.2 84.8 0.3 6.7 4.2 0.5 1.9 3.7 89.7 89.1 0.5 8.7 5.1 1.2 2.5 5.0 86.3 85.9 .03 16.7 13.9 2.8 12 5 Proprietors f"*! firTn mninhftri 9 4 Salaried officers of corporations 3 1 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees 10.6 61.9 61.7 14.6 62.4 62.1 38.9 44.4 44.4 46 9 Wage earners (average number) 40 6 Under 16 years of age I Percentages are omitted when base is less than 100. The average number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, per cent distribution of males and females 16 years of age and over, and of children under 16 years of age, is given in Table 5, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, and for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 Census year. WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY. * Census year. WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber.! Per cent of total. Aver- age num-- ber.i Per^pent of total. INDUSTRY. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 years of age. 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe-' male. years of age. All industries ; 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 3,655 2,2.57 802 98.5 98.4 98.5 0.9 1,2 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 28 24 176 186 161 180 1,736 936 85.7 100.0 98.3 100.0 84.5' 8S;3 99.4 99.5 14.3 1.7 iread and other bakery products 66 47 21 16 ■1,468 818 83.1 89.4 100.0 87.5 100.0 99.8 15.4 10.6 1.5 T^ppt^Tig f"^ pnT>l'p^^"g 6.8 8.3 0.4 0.4 8.7 3.3 0.2 0.1 Jutter . 12.5 !ars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. .... 0.2 > For method of estimating the distribut ion, by s ex and i JMl k4^ rivid^ nIMMAL W^Witil^ombined, iee "Ex[ lanation of terms ^if 860 MANUFACTUEES— NEVADA. For all indtistries combined, the percentage of wage earners for each class shows but slight changes from census to census. Of the six industries for which figures are given, four show a decreased percentage of male wage earners 16 years of age and over, and two show increases. For all industries combined, the proportion of female wage earners and of those under 16 years of age was insignificant at each census. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number of wage earners reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 6 January... February . March April May June July August September. October... Noyember December. "WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTTJKING INDUSTEIES. Number.' 3,919 3,958 3,969 3,894 4,025 4,042 4,128 3,599 3,237 3,282 2,954 2,853 1909 2,107 2,116 2,140 2,190 2,244 2,266 2,349 2,398 2,341 2,390 2,302 2,247 1904 458 447 503 862 908 965 946 977 934 937 882 805 Per cent of maximum. 1914 94.9 95.9 96.1 94.3 97.5 97.9 100.0 87.2 78,4 79.5 71.6 69.1 1909 87.9 88.2 89.2 91.3 93.6 94.5 98.0 100.0 97,6 99.7 96.0 93.7 1904 46.9 45.8 51.5 88.2 92.9 98.8 96.8 100.0 95.6 95.9 90.3 82.4 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1904, 1909, and 1914 the combined, industries of the state show the greatest activity during the summer months, the maximum number of wage earners appearing in July for 1914 and in August for both 1909 and 1904. The year 1909 shows the least fiuctuation in the number of wage earners employed. The greatest actual difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 1,275 in 1914, the per cent being 69.1. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 7 the average number of wage earners employed for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined for the city of Keno. The num- ber employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in this table for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries show a tendency toward a shortening of the working day. In 1909, 1,787, or 79.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estabhshments where the prevailing hours of labor were less than 60 per week, while 2,995, or 81.9 per cent, were so employed in 1914. Of the 336 wage earners in the city of Reno, 266 were employed in estabhshments where the prevail- ing hours were less than 60 per week, and 70 where 60 hours per week prevailed. Table 7 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— INDUSTRY AND CUT. 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54. Be- tween 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 3,655 2,257 448 365 114 38 1,021 690 1,412 694 235 196 420 260 3 6 2 8 Bread and other bakery products 65 47 1,468 818 28 24 176 186 161 ^ 180 1,757 1,002 336 8 7 135 44 4 10 5 1 36 9 924 614 15 2 14 4 4 4 7 408 118 i' 1 Cars and generalshop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . 42 6 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 5 13 6 T.nmbp.r anr! timbftr prnHncts 7 1 161 143 133 170 132 32 46 137 139 Printing and publishing 35 1,410 645 2 2 88 9 70 All other industries 103 33 23 14 21 109 8 122 1 Eeno a Character of ownership. — ^Table 8 presents statistics concerning character of ownership or legal organiza- tion of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined,- comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904^ and for Eeno, the only city in the state having 10,t)00 inhabitants, for 1914 only. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEVADA. 861 Table 8 CHABACTER OF OWNERSHIP AND CITY. All classes: 1914... 1909... 1904... Indlviduals: 1914 1909 1904 Corporations; 1914 1909 1904 All others: 1914 1909 1904 BeNO, 1914 Individuals Corporations All others Num- ber of ■estab- lish- ments. 180 177 115 WAGE EARNERS. Average number. 3,655 2,257 802 166 174 123 3,435 2,037 604 54 46 75 336 254 15 Per cent of total. 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.5 7.7 15.3 94.0 90.3 75.3 1.5 2.0 9.4 19.9 75.6 4.5 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $16,083,304 11,886,828 3,996,274 788,670 892,482 663,796 14,948,653 10,587,284 2,220,209 345,981 407,062 312,269 2,570,523 299,827 2,224,888 45,808 Per cent of total. 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.9 7.5 18.2 92.9 89.1 71.7 2.2 3.4 10.1 100.0 11.7 86.6 1.8 For all industries combined, individual and corpo- rate ownersliip show actual increases for the decade 1904-1914 in number of establishments, average num- ber of wage earners, and value of products, but for corporate ownership only are these increases sufficient to influence to any appreciable extent the percentages of the respective totals for the state as a whole. Dur- ing this decade the totals for the estabUshments in the group "aU others," although small, show an actual de- crease m number of estabhshments and average num- ber of wage earners, but a small increase in value of products. Corporate ownership shows an increased percentage of the average number of wage earners and value of products at each successive census siace 1904, and, on the other hand, individual and all other show decreases. In fact, 94 per cent of the wage earners and 92.9 per cent of the value of products of the state were reported for corporate ownership in 1914, as com- pared with 75.3 per cent for wage earners and 71.7 per cent for value of products in 1904. In the city of Reno in 1914, although corporations report the largest pro- portions for wage earners and value of products, 75.6 and 86.6 per cent, respectively, individual ownership shows a larger proportion in the city than in the state as a whole, 19.9 per cent of the average number of wage earners and 11.7 per cent of the value of products. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to concentrate in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 9. Table 9 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 180 177 115 47 39 21 8 3,655 2,257 802 $16,083,304 $11,886,828 $3,096,274 $6,766,489 $3,520,889 $1,468,498 Less tlian $5,000 61 73 31 11 4 60 66 40 10 1 44 168 321 857 2,265 49 168 605 11,435 66 105 235 396 161,899 682,338 1,390,055 2,819,649 11,029,363 172,825 608,654 1,968,738 '9,136,611 144,684 388,264 895,226 1,668,100 100,602 397,845 667,368 1,377,907 4,222,767 122,639 359,561 961,529 '2,077,160 113,556 $6,000 to $20,000 ' 242,333 S20 000 to $100,000 460,699 $100,000 to $1,000,000 651,910 • PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 33.9 40.6 17.2 6.1 2.2 33.9 37.3 22.6 5.6 0.6 40.9 33.9 18.3 7.0 1.2 4.6 8.8 23.4 62.0 2.2 7.4 26.8 63.6 8.2 13.1 29.3 49.4 1.0 4.2 8.6 17.5 68.6 1.5 5.1 16.6 76.9 4.7 12.5 28.9 53.9 1.5 5.9 9.9 20.4 62.4 3.5 10.2 27.3 59.0 7.7 $5,000 to $20,000 16.5 $20,000 to $100,000 31.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 44.4 $1 000 000 and over 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In 1914, of the 180 estabhshments in the state, 165, or 91.7 per cent, each reported products of less than $100,000 in value, as compared with 166, or 93.8 per cent, in 1909, and 107, or 95.7 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these estabhshments reported an average of 533 wage earners, or 14.6 per cent of the total for aU classes, $2,234,292, or 13.9 per cent of the total value of products, and $1,165,815, or 17.2 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. On the other hand, the 15 estabhshments having products valued at more than $100,000 each, gave employment to 3,122, or 85.4 per cent of the average nmnber of wage earners, reported $13,849,012, or 86.1 per cent of the value of products, and $5,600,674, or 82.8 per cent of the value added by manufacture. The small establishments, those having p^J^l^t^#C ' less than $5,000 in value, represented 33.9 per cent of the total number, but reported only 1 per cent of the total value of products. From 1909 to 1914, for the estabhshments in the group having products valued at less than $100,000, the average number of wage earners decreased 35.1 per cent and the value of products 18.8 per cent, as compared with increases of 117.6 per cent and 51.6 per cent, respectively, for those in the groups having products valued at morfe than $100,000. Table 10 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for five of the more important industries, and for the city of Reno. Table 11 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 10 and, for 1909, similar fe^^?fi^^0S©]^^ndustries combined and for indi- vidual industries in the state as a whole. 862 MANUFACTURES— NEVADA. Table lO ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLO-nNG— INDUSTBT AUB CTTY. TOTAL. No wage earners. lto5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). Estab- lish- ments. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wago earners. All industries. .. 180 3,655 24 119 226 22 258 6 177 Bread and other bakery products 31 9 7 5 42 86 41 65 1,468 28 176 161 1,757 336 9 19 2 5 2 32 59 23 34 5 13 7 70 97 46 3 1 1 1 4 12 12 31 18 15 10 42 142 143 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . 2 68. 1 l^umber and timber products.—. . 1 . 2 1 5 22 4 10 1 49 A.11 other industries . ... 48 147 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOTINO — nfDUSTBY AUD CITY. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 601 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries 4 323 2 242 1 304 1 892 1 1,233 Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 86 1 105 1 304 1 892 Lumber and timber products 1 137 Printing and publislung , 3 237 1 1,23a Reno Table 11 Cen- sus year. PEB CENT or TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 6.2 10.0 7.1 11.7 4.8 13.0 8.8 17.5 ■ 6.6 8.3 19.6 24.4 28.2 33.7 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 52.3 66.0 0.3 46.4 58.3 4.0 3.2 47.8 43.3 5.5 9.6 13.7 47.7 34.0 1.2 2.7 63.6 41.7 5.7 30.1 16.2 38.9 8.1 9.1 42.5 Car? and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 4.0 12.8 5.9 30.3 7.2 20.7 54.2 60.8 Lumber and timber products. . . 12.5 18.8 36.0 17.8 2.7 12.1 43.8 '47.'8 77.8 Printing and publishing 13.5 5.7 70.2 63.6 Of the total number of establishments for all in- dustries in the state combined, 24, or 13.3 per cent, employed no wage earners. These are small estab- lishments in which the work is done by the proprietors' or firm members. In some cases they employ one or two wage earners for short periods, but the niunber is so small and the period so short that in computing the average nTmaber, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the estabhshment. The percentages for average nimiber of wage earners employed differ greatly from those sho-wn for the num- ber of establishments. The group of estabhshments employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, which repre- sented 66.1 per cent of the total number of establish- ments, reported 226 wage earners, or but 6.2 per cent of the total. On the other hand, the groups of estab- hshments having more than 100 employees, while comprising but 2.8 per cent of the total numbet of estabhshments, employed 2,671, or 73.1 per cent of the wage earners. In 1914, in Reno, 86.3 per cent of the total number of wage earners were employed in estabhshments re- porting 6 to 50 wage earners. There were no estab- lishments reporting more than 50 wage earners. Engines and power. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors, classified according to their character, employed in generating power (in- cluding electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by^ the estabhshments reporting. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEVADA. 863 [ Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 82101°— 18 55 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^^ 866 MANUFACTURES— NEVADA. Tablk 21 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES nroUSTRT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENOAGED IN THE IND0STIIY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST KEPEEiSENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 180 4,113 179 102 149 28 3,655 Jy 4,128 De 2,853 (») (') (») (•) 113,590,803 Artificial stone products 7 3 31 11 9 4 7 4 3 3 3 12 4 38 6 4 10 28 4 108 75 1,523 12 40 43 38 15 7 22 34 201 28 118 23 1,822 3 38 43 5 5 2 ""s 4 8 1 32 3 '"12 18 1 65 21 1,468 7 28 34 16 9 3 12 25 136 22 91 10 1,707 Se Oc Je Au Au' No Fe le' Aus See Au« Oo« Oc Au' Je Se 4 68 23 1,530 11 36 46 20 11 5 15 27 142 23 94 14 Ta< Ts No Je De' Je' Se De6 Mh« De< Ap De» Mh Mh» Ja Apr a 60 19 1,393 i 25 12 12 7 9 23 129 21 87 4 4 68 21 1,400 4 26 43 14 9 3 11 23 141 22 91 13 4 56 21 1,400 2 22 43 13 9 3 11 19 119 22 91 9 21,067 86,915 139,924 890,156 19,304 684,087 70,053 / 268,446 274,285 19,700 54.613 115,651 600,651 57,660 788,712 13,537 9,686,142 3 4 Bread and other bakery products Butter 15 4 3 39 1 1 1 # 11 1 A Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cofnfectlonery and ice cream fi 2 4 7 FIouT-mlU and gristmill products Foxmdry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminating and heating 4 4 6 1 2 2 11 1 1 6 R 1 10 11 1? Mineral and soda waters -. . . 1 6 16 2 8 1 1 10 "is' ...... 7 1 4 1 4 13 14 111 Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 3 8 1 14 16 Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars 17 4 18 All other industries * 32 61 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 Reno. 41 453 29 30 45 13 336 Je 356 De 317 347 317 (2,016,413 ' Owned power only. *A11 other industries embrace — Automobile repairing Brick Chemicals -. = Includes rented power, other than electric. a No figures shown for reasons given in the " Explanation of terms.' y Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 Food preparations 1 Jewelry 1 Lime 1 Liquors, malt 3 Lumber and timber products 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEVADA. AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 867 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal- revenue and cor- poration Income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $233,930 $236,991 $3,577,9 $24,324 $38,710 $153,938 $8,025,279 $1,291,536 $16,083,304 $6,766,489 18,748 13,433 143 909 4,263 13,311 18 38 173 2,737 15 465 158 130 452 ID 48 24 200 11 407 70' 1,916 8 20 20 13 4 300 10 18 83 808 11 150 158 54 20 10 22 24 135 11 407 "i,"i85' 25 68' 15 76 432 24 2 60 5 13,862 10,900 20 600 2,342 12,033 5,413 34,693 14,363 4,290 1,980 900 9,621 27,823 3,900 16,719 107,568 1,980 982 53, 163 3,120 3,560 4,734 62 1,480 21,422 600 22,616 514 122,758 1,298 66,704 20,890 1,230,028 5,0S0 21,546 48,426 15,895 11,598 2,625 10,869 27,980 135,040 19,430 98,076 7,076 1,855,405 1,032 10,561 360 1,950 1,899 1,620 300 34 4,359 15,050 150 50 966 5,353 11,335 2,220 1,320 1,248 3,227 50 1,131 953 12,430 139 2,901 967 4,220 1,697 1,312 674 4,893 505 5,064 1,973 114,936 2,863 160,250 368,693 829,010 29,315 273,885 46,668 5,936 3,825 3,160 19,026 25,789 61,714 31,730 1,585,011 16, 216 4,662,188 50 10, 119 4,450 102,738 717 3,252 8,049 18,301 16,853 75 1,612 9,602 739 19, 144 252 1,094,693 316,018 446,870 2,260,964 50,500 386,566 158,910 76,712 42,717 9,850 53,389 85,501 387,541 70,825 1,853,270 38,685 9,836,296 5,777 145,649 73,727 1,329,216 20,468 109,429 104, 193 52,475 22,039 6,615 32,751 58,822 316,225 38,356 249, 115 22,217 4,179,415 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $57,564 $56,162 $323,771 $3,884 $17,156 $33,282 $1,757,034 $50,553 $2,570,523 $762,936 1,556 305 20 100 1,131 1 • None reported for one or more other months. 6 Same number reported for one or more other months. *A11 other industries embrace— Continued. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills 4 Paints 1 Paving materials Salt Smelting, copper 2 2 I Sprmgs, steel, automobile 1 Wall plai >laster.. 3 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® " Exclusive of internal revenue. All of the items in this table, except contract work, show greater percentages of increase for the five-year period 1904-1909 than for either the earlier or later period. The amount paid for -contract work depends upon the methods of operation and not upon the magnitude, therefore the increase of 25.2 per cent in this item from 1909 to 1914, compared with the in- crease of only 9 per cent for the earlier peri^Wji^^gijy significance. The number of establishments reported at the census of 1914 represents a decrease of 225, or 11.5 per cent, as compared with the corresponding total for 1909, due in large measure to the decreases in two very important industries in the state — lumber and fiour-miU and gristmill products. The largest percentage of decrease, 18.3 per cent, during this ^^MPSrSSB^M^^ in the number of proprietors and (869) N^ 870 MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE." firm members. Wliile most of this was due to the falluig off in the number of establishments in the two industries just referred to, which were chiefly of indi- vidual and partnership organization, no doubt it was in some degree affected by the changes in character of ownership as shown in Table 14. Value of products, although greater at each successive census for which figures aire given in the table, shows a smaller per- centage of increase for the period 1909-1914 than for either of the preceding five-year periods. The same condition exists in value added by manufacture, where the increase was 2.1 per cent for the period 1909-1914, as compared with 31.8 per cent from 1904 to 1909 and 6.3 per cent from 1899 to 1904. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2. CENSUS or 1914. PEE CENT OF INCSEASE.l Num- ber or estab- lish- ments. Wage earner.s. Value of products. Value added by- manufacture. Wage earners Taverage number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 19M 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries. . . 1,736 78,993 100.0 S182,843,8fi3 100.0 $67,850,428 100.0 0.4 20.3 -3,4 11.1 33.1 14.9' 2.1 31.8 6.3 Boots and shoes, including cut stock 71 20 30 515 40 80 20 8 79 36 85 162 26 130 19 24 14 8 20 36 21 4 6 9 278 14,815 21,669 3,905 7,275 9,532 2,647 3,328 462 144 1,058 1,176 480 745 709 556 666 244 341 42 298 346 1B7 228 137 8,005 18.8 27.4 4.0 9.2 12.1 3.4 4.2 0.6 0.2 1.3 1.5 0.6 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 10.1 46,694,765 35,793,044 17,708,138 10,554,468 15,039,284 .5,325,087 4,282,739 2,803,759 2,733,820 2,390,363 1,803,656 1,076,355 1,554,272 1,448,602 1,062,931 971,189 841,680 787,058 636,835 437,962 416,771 379, 102 361,877 324,410 20,765,796 25.5 19.6 9.7 9.1 8.2 2.9 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 11.4 12,983,167 13,003,456 6,171,002 8,124,000 4,952,463 3,281,585 1,903,319 612,827 311,818 1,174,348 1,408,263 693,491 831,323 1,084,949 624,414 466,956 617,2.88 261,920 - 107,8.66 244,799 302,972 179,175 186,869 112,151 9,320,953 19.1 19.2 7.6 12.0 7.3 4.8 2.8 0.9 0.5 1.7 2.1 1.0 1.2 1.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 13.7 4.3 -2.8 14.4 -14.0 0.5 10.5 6.4 ,32.3 13.0 36.3 24.7 44.1 18.6 12.2 -13.5 -3.5 5.6 -26.3 62.8 -6.6 12.0 18.4 6.5 26.5 8.3 -10.1 7.6 -10.1 72.7 13.7 66.7 32.1 17.1 52,5 19,9 -3.9 28.4 23.3 -0.2 87.4 -6.5 63.2 15.7 -10.2 9.1 1.3 -12.1 1.0 -10.6 58.4 31.1 31.6 27.9 17.3 56.8 21.9 0.6 Cotton goods, including cotton small 0.1 Paper and wood pulp... 9.4 -6.9 Woolen and worsted goods 66.7 Foundry and machine-sliop products. 0.7 37.0 Leather, tanned, ciu:ried, and finished. Flour-mill and gristmill products Tobacco, cigars 24.1 86.3 -23.0 5.7 -9.4 67.0 45.7 27.2 -18.6 20.4 20.5 7.9 -14.2 91.2 -0.8 -0.4 25.4 119.3 50.9 56.6 15.3 3.6 11.6 28.9 -17.6 104.5 -7.3 10.4 94.8 86.8 04.6 48.6 -28.9 12.8 Marble and stone work . 16,7 Bread and other bakery products 10.2 Printing and pubh'shing Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- 4.7 -22.2 4.6 -1.2 5.0 -2.7 12.1 73.9 82.6 -4.6 -5.2 3.8 17.4 5.3 28.1 12.1 34.7 44.9 16.7 -4.0 13.7 19.5 79.2 6.2 19.8 29.7 36.5 4.8 24.4 25.1 •12.3 29.2 16.0 -16.0 19.3 26.1 .85.6 8.0 17.4 Wood turned and carved . . 20.4 Gas, illuminating and heating 17.8 5.5 Butter Carriages and wagons and materials... Brick -29.0 -12.6 -18.3 18.1 1.4 -19.4 -25.0 -36.4 -1.').4 -10.8 -12.7 -4fl.3 -21. 8" -4.3 -9.3 32.2 -6.4 0.8 -34.2 1,58.7 38.4 -13.6 -1.7 15.8 -17.6 -36.9 -24.4 27.0 -19.7 2.8 -21.3 -0.3 -29.5 275.8 22.5 -11.5 -3.3 2.6 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and -38.0 Upholstering materials 47.9 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 32; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 24 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 5 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 10 with products between $1,000,000 and $10,000,000, and 9 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," are the following which have products exceeding in value some of those presented in the table : Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raiboad com- panies; cars, steam-raiboad, not including operations of railroad companies; malt liquors; paper goods, not elsewhere specified; sUk goods, including throwsters; leather belting; sUversmi thing and sUverware; but- tons; sporting and athletic goods; musical instru- ments, piano and organ materials; refrigerators; asbestos products; and grease and tallow, statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possi Digitized by IVIicroson® bility of disclosing the operations of individual estabUshments. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance, as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average nmnber of wage earners or value' added by manufacture. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings, which ranked first in value of products was second in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture, while cotton goods, including cotton small wares, second in value of products, was first in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Paper and wood pulp, third in value of products, ranked fourth in value added by manufacture and fifth in average number of wage earners'; whereas lumber, fourth in value of products and mmiber of wage earners, was third in value added by manufacture. Woolen and worsted goods ranked third in average number of wage II «- A -kTTT MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. 871 earners but occupied fifth place in value of products and value added by manufacture. The textile indus- try, if considered in its entirety, would rank first in aU respects — value of products, average number of wage earners, and value added by manufacture. The most noticeable difference in rank between the three items is shown for the flour-mill and gristmill industry, which ranked ninth in value of products, seventeenth in value added by manufacture, and twenty-second in number of wage earners. Machinery is used largely in this industry, and comparatively few employees are required; therefore the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is small in compari- son with the corresponding proportions for most other industries. In rank according to value of products, there were few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings, cotton goods, including cotton small wares, lumber and timber products, foundry and machine-shop products, and hosiery and knit goods held the same rank at both censuses. The ^oolen and worsted goods and the paper and wood pulp industries exchanged rank, the former being third in value of products in 1909 and fifth in 1914. Malt hquors, eleventh at the census of 1909, had to be omitted from the table in 1914, to avoid the possibihty of disclosing individual opera- tions. The manufacture of cigars, with an increase of 91.2 per cent in value of products, advanced from thirteenth place in 1909 to tenth in 1914. For the remainder of the industries slight changes from census to census are noticeable. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. — This industry, which is the leading one in the state, shows an increase of 18.4 per cent in value of prod- ucts during the five-year period 1909-1914. In the manufacture of boots and shoes, New Hampshire holds fom-th place in .the United States in value of products. Textiles.— The three most important branches of the textile industry — cotton .goods, including cotton smaU wares, woolen and worsted goods, and hosiery and knit goods — reported products amounting to $55,115,067, or 30.1 per cent of the total value of manufactured products for the state, and gave employ- ment to 34,529, or 43.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. Three other branches of textile manufactures — cordage and twine, Hnen goods, and silk goods including throwsters — ^for which reports were received, could not be shown without the possi- bility of disclosing individual operations. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares is not only the most important branch of the textile industry but ranks first among the industries in the state in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture, and second in value of products. It is Digitized by the only branch of the textile industry presented in this table which shows an increase in value of products during the five-year jTeriod 1909-1914. Woolen and worsted goods decreased considerably in both value of products and value added by manu- facture during this period, 10.1 per cent and 12.1 per cent, respectively, while in average number of wage earners there was an increase of less than 1 per cent. Hosiery and knit goods show practically the same percentage of decrease in value of products (10.1) as in value added by maniifactiire (10.5), but in average nimiber of wage earners there was an increase of 6.4 per cent. Paper and wood pulp. — ^There has been a substantial growth in this industry since the census of 1899, the products showing an increase of 144.4 per cent in value. During the five-year period 1909-1914 wage earners increased 492, or 14.4 per cent, value of prod- ucts, $3,713,887, or 26.5 per cent, and value added by manufacture, $430,180, or 9.1 per cent. The natural resources of New Hampshire, its forests of pidp wood, and its large water power, together with the increased demand for wood pulp, are responsible for the growth of this industry. Lumber and timber products. — This is one of the oldest and most important manufacturing industries of the state. It embraces logging operations, saw- mill's and planing mills, wooden-box factories, the pulp-wood industry, and the manufacture of window and door screens, and has by far the largest number of estabhshments of any industry in the state. It shows an increase of only 8.3 per cent in value of prod- ucts from 1909 to 1914, as compared with 32.1 per cent from 1904 to 1909; while the value added by manufacture increased 1.3 per cent and 27.9 per cent, respectively, during these periods! The slower growth of this industry during the later period can be largely attributed to the fact that much of the lumber for- merly used in its operations is now being made into pulp to supply the growing demand in the paper industry. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average ntunber of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 85,013, of whom 78,993, or 92.9 per cent, were wage earners; 3,077 were proprietors and officiaJs; and 2,943 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 55,598, or 70.8 per cent, were males, and 22,910, or 29.2 percent, were females. Figures for individual ^ industries will be found in Table 33. Microsoft® ^«* m ir/" 872 MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUE- ING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe-' male. All nl^ rels). Oas (1,000 cubic feet). All industries Boots and shoes, Including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products Brick Butter Carriages and wagons and materials (Cooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified Cotton goods, including cotton small wares (^tlery and tools Electrical machinery-, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-snop products. . Furniture Oas, illuminating and beating 101,330 635,885 10,169 46,561 19,523 1,686 1,978 2,297 150 271 528 37 94 72 48 1,902 68 3,150 22,894 657 2,577 685 1,751 100 178,185 723 424 541 6,648 1,466 24,863 IS IS ISO 185 SI 27 14 2 1,898 61 1,682 423 2,539 1,888 1 35 4,262 2,'644' 344 285 53 180 '2'57i 33,403 Hosiery and knit goods. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Prmting and publishing. Woolen and worsted goods . . . All other industries Total for cities Berlin Concord Dover Keene Laconia Manchester Nashua Portsmouth 31S 95 84 82,154 600 2,560 3,343 90,911 8,680 1,262 6,421 222,727 597 85,528 69,166 384,995 1 528 234 24 92 2,185 6,991. 11 909 6,658 36,714 82,301 2,239 900 1,390 1,784 959 640 101,464 13,463 23,021 9,736 6,337 159, 623 50, 462 20,889 358 1,177 672 446 961 813 1,405 159 9,955 2,136 2,295 3,763 18, 136 434 6 363 .2,583 "9," 320 16,570 4,134 213 244 1,217 9,840 672 260 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important indiistries in New Hampshire are here presented. Statistics for power laimdries are also given. Boots and shoes. — This industry, the leading one in the state in value of products in 1914 as well as in 1909, practically had its beginning after the Civil War. Previous to that time no machinery was used, the industry consisting of piecework on stock cut in the' factories in Massachusetts. With the introduction of machinery the real expansion of the industry began, and its rapid growth in the state has placed New Hampshire among the leading states in the manufac- ture of footwear. The following table shows the number of pairs of the various kinds of footwear produced in this industry in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 22 Total Boots and shoes Men's B oy s ' and youths' Women's -. Misses' and children's Slippers Men's, bojra', and youths' , Women's, misses', and children's Infants' shoes and slippers NUMBER op pairs. 1914 24,659,886 22,708,646 11,048,926 4,010,136 3,773,648 3,875,836 1,674,374' 169,872 1,614,602 276,966 1909 25,534,114 25,069,572 11,698,985 4,176,479 4,687,874 4,606,234 282,124 282,124 182,418 1004 22,110,427 20,790,119 7,835,134 3,614,136 4,769,444 4,681,406 1,270,308 244,020 1,026,288 50,000 Digitized The industry as a whole shows a slight falling off in production from 1909 to 1914, which is accoimted for by the decrease of 9.4 per cent in the "boots and shoes" class. Every item under "boots and shoes" shows a decrease during the period 1909-1914. More men's boots and shoes were made than any other kind, and these decreased 5.6 per cent in 1914 as compared with 1909; boys' and youths' decreased 4 per cent, women's, 17.7 per cent, and misses' and children's, 15.9 per cent. The manufacture of slippers increased from 282,124 pairs in 1909 to 1,674,374 in 1914, most of them being women's, as the men's represented less than 10 per cent of the total. Infants' shoes and slippers, representing 1.1 per cent of the total for all classes in 1914, increased 51.8 per cent as compared with 1909. Table 23 shows a distribution of the various kinds of footwear produced in 1914, according to the methods employed in their manufacture. Table 23 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF PAIRS, BY CHARACTER OF MANUFACTURE. product. Total. Welted. Thirned. McKay. Wood or metal fastened. Boots and shoes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 22,708,546 25,069,672 8,701,304 6,296,732 275,406 1,010,933 12,713,361 15,560,403 1,018,475 2,201,504 Men's 11,048,926 11,698,985 4,010,136 4,176,479 3,773,648 4,587,874 3,875,836 4,606,234 1,951,340 464,542 7,644,060 5,^49,883 766,833 674,291 31,284 138,854 259,127 333,604 66,201 177,920 2,591,669 6,052,983 3,038,025 3,202,613 3,466,968 3,528,505 '3,616.709 3,776,302 1,037,706 386,622 » 813, 197 1,448,734 1205,278 290,575 47,285 Women's 9,000 275,406 731,336 Misses' and chil- 189,179 dren's. Slippers and infants' shoes. 223,312 847,433 .273,016 by IVIfemseft® to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. 885 This industry shows a remarkable growth, increas- ing nearly lOOper cent during the decade 1904-1914. It is of interest to note that aU of the principal ma- terials used and products manufactured made sub- stantial increases in 1914 as compared with 1904, although several items decreased as compared with 1909. At the census of 1914 spruce was the only wood of importance used in the manufacture of pulp in the state, the quantity consumed amounting to 377,058 cords, or 98.7 per cent of all pulp wood used. The other kinds of pulp wood consisted of small quantities of balsam fir, hemlock, and poplar. " The total cost of all materials was $12,537,076 in 1914, an increase of 135.3 per cent as compared with 1904. Pulp wood formed 35.2 per cent of the total cost of all materials in 1914; wood pulp purchased, 23.7 per cent; and all other materials, 41.1 per cent. The large amount reported for "all other materials" includes all paper stocks other than wood pulp, chemi- cals, fuel, rent of power, and freight. The use of chemical fibers as material for the manufacture of paper shows a remarkable increase, 65,041 tons of sulphite and other chemical fibers being used in 1914, while only 43,720 tons were used in 1909, and 10,769 tons in 1904, an increase of 504 per cent for the decade 1904-1914. On the other hand, ground wood pulp gained only 40.1 per cent in quantity in 1914 as com- pared with 1904, but shows a decrease since 1909. The increase in the use of chemical fibers is due largely to sulphate fiber (included in "other chemical fiber"), the demand for which has grown rapidly since 1909 owing to the increase in the production of kraft wrap- ping paper, of which New Hampshire was the largest producer in 1914. Wrapping paper was the most important product of the paper mills in 1914, exceeding news paper, which ranked first in 1909. The growth in the production of wrapping paper was due almost entirely to the in- creased output of kraft paper, which has grown, since the census of 1909, to be one of the principal products of the paper mills of the state. News paper, next in importance to wrapping paper in 1914, is included with " all other products," to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Wood pulp produced for sale or for use in establish- ments other than where manufactured represented 35.7 per cent of the total value of all products in 1914, and in 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions were 27,3 per cent and 33.9 per cent, respectively. The total value of all products of the industry in- cludes considerable duplication, due to the fact that wood pulp produced for sale or for use in estabhsh- ments other than where manufactured is largely sold to other mills in the state, and again included in the value of paper reported. This is also true of materials, as the cost of the pulp wood is reported by the pulp mills and a considerable proportion of ^^^ j^fQ^J^^icI sold is again reported by the paper mills as wcrod pulp purchased. Woolen and worsted goods. — Table 26 shows, in con- siderable detail, for 1914 and 1909, the quantities and cost of materials used in this industry and the quan- tities and values of the principal products. Table 26 MATERIALS. Total cost. Wool: Foreign (in condition purchased)— Pounds Cost Domestic (in condition purchased)— Poimds Cost Equivalent in scoured condition, pounds. Cotton: Pounds Cost Rags, clippings, etc.: Pounds Cost Recovered wool fiber: Pounds Cost Waste and noils: Pounds _ Cost Yams, purchased: Woolen and worsted- Pounds Cost Cotton- Pounds Cost 1914 510,086,821 Chemicals and dyestufls, cost . Fuel and rent of power, cost.. . All other materials, cost Total value. All-wool woven goods: Woolen suitings, coatings, and dre.^.s goods — Square yards Value AH other- Square yards Value Union or cotton-mixed woven goods: Square yards Value Cotton-warp woven goods: Woolen suitings, coatings, and dress goods- Square yards Value .- All other — Square yards Value Partially manufactured prbducts for sale, value. All other products, value Amount received for contract work MACHINEKY. Spindles ' Looms Woolen cards (sets). Combing machines. . 11,313,239 J3, 143, 684 5,818,251 SI, 721, 846 12,651,304 2,290,290 3270,495 5,325,635 1387,895 2,568,081 $386,561 2,832,611 $663,806 127,272 $58,855 1,355,139 $357,337 $387,565 $417,945 $2,290,832 $15,039,284 $11,095,070 7,257,404 $4,080,149 13,622,627 $6,001,587 4,717,530 $1,307,794 3,483,608 $825, 122 10,025,117 $1,986,136 $587,016 $182,171 $69,309 217, 170 4,084 424 52 10,706,575 $3, 627, 868 12,027,487 $3,383,625 13,793,500 489,543 $78,358 4,037,235 $403,774 2,423,570 $272, 794 1,977,694 $537,262 526,832 $430,295 1,183,680 $277, R96 $430,271 $365,525 $1,287,602 $16,730,652 8,455,368 $4,480,947 17,467,470 $7,310,368 5,010,181 $1,651,492 5,142,088 $1,081,067 2,852,669 $822,834 $1,083,637 $251,476 $48,831 193,704 4,230 352 52 ' Includes both producing and dqubling and twisting spindles. These industries showed a decrease in 1914 of 10.1 per cent from the value of products reported in 1909. Of the 40 establishments reporting in 1914, 35 made reports to the Census Bureau five years earlier, and 21 of these showed a smaller value of products at the last census than they did in 1909. Several concerns discontinued operations during a portion of the year. It is noticeable that, in a large measure, cheaper grades o^ materials were used. The amount of raw wool and of woolen and worsted yarn used as materials decreased, but this was accompanied by an increase in waste and noils, rags, clippings, etc., and in raw cotton j(j.n(d^^^ 728 723 725 756 777 804 811 798 768 750 744 536 642 545 560 615 652 672 691 671 620 601 59S 89.5 89.8 89.1 89.4 93.2 95.8 99.1 100.0 93.4 94.7 92.5 91.7 77.6 Februarv 78.4 Mardi 78.9 April ^ 81.0 jiay 89.0 94.4 July 97.2 August . 100.0 97.1 October 89.7 87.0 86.5 Table 30 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laimdries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five- year period. Table 31 show's the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laimdries, as reported at the census of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase or decrease. Table 30 miMBEB or ENGINES HOESEPOWER. POWEB. OK MOTOES. Amoont. Percent ol in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Primary power, total 92 69 1,269 988 28.4 Owned 61 59 1 1 31 31 50 47 1 2 19 19 1,113 1,097 6 10 156 126 30 861 825 7 29 127 82 45 29.3 Steam 33.0 Water wheels and motors Rented 22.8 Electric Otber Electric— Generated in establishments re- porting 3 19 > Percentages are omitted when base is less than 100. Table 31 Unit. QUANTITY. Percent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Tons 2,240 lbs Tons 2,000 lbs Tons 2,000 lbs ..... 796 7,900 244 92 2,374 470 4,932 223 21 2,586 «9.4 Bituminous coal . . 6a2 Cote 9.4 Oil Gas 1,000 cubic Jeet -8.2 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. Table 32.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 889 mrUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- terof estab- lish- ments. (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND OTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. MANCHESTER— Al 1 industries. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Bread and other bakery products. Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 151 175 155 25,843 24,735 17,579 5,292 4,896 2,736 135 125 350 366 233 63,481 61,796 S12,510 10,444 7,323 2,742 2,294 1,315 1,430 S33, 797 30,497 18, 707 2,753 2,323 1,221 82 65 44 210 198 112 14,416 13,327 4,692 266 167 819 755 379 850,800 46, 812 30,697 18, 801 17,647 6,568 470 410 276 1,229 1,082 554 Printing and publishing. Tobacco, cigars . All other industries. 1914 1909 iSOi 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 22 21 19 15 18 18 65 75 75 1 157 151 140 992 493 261 18,917 18,704 14,123 202 118 $118 88 88 768 335 159 8,679 7,436 6,699 $82 74 57 1,165 621 200 17,046 15,464 13,212 5 5 59,138 57,918 $438 331 267 2,276 1,111 428 27,586 26,231 22,604 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Bebun.. CONCOED. DOTEE. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 19 = 20 86 111 SO 58 51 42 64 2,680 2,477 2,866 2,693 2,654 2,483 3,030 2,869 2,068. 1,769 77,411 50,837 7,122 6,381 8,503 10,396 4,865 5,158 $1,974 1,405 1,956 1,641 1,436 1,219 1,486 1,227 1,153 973 $8,845 5,667 3,712 3,546 2,831 3,657 1,921 1,837 $13,090 8,775 6,744 6,476 5,374 5,682 6,370 6,043 3,918 3,483 Laconia. Nashua. POETSMOUTH. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 55 »55 87 104 78 39 36 27 2,521 2,235 7,382 '7,265 6,169 1,090 992 638 2,949 2,609 23,364 17,567 2,009 11,800 $1,417 1,030 3,622 3,112 2,508 665 500 348 $1,841 2,095 16,100 10,379 8,483 1,847 1,361 $4,497 4,001 22,780 17,326 12,858 3,924 2,871 2,602 > Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. A Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 890 MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDtJSIET. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PEBSftNS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAEEST EEPEESESTATIVB DAT. ^=^^= Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total.- 16 and over. Under 16. Male, Fe- male. Aver- se num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. male. Male- Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries Agricultural implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe cut stock and findings. Boots and shoos Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brick Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carr age and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by eleccric-railroad companies. Cleansmg and polishing preparations . Clothing, men's and youths' Clothing, women's Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods Cutlery and edge tools Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Machine shops Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Lumber and timber products Linnber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes Paper and wood pulp Paper exclusively Paper and pulp Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Prmting, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat packing establismnents. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. 1 Owned power only . 1,736 33 5 152 21 S 20 i 4 31 28 3 433 47 8,5,013 122 14 2,201 13,927 140 1,637 61 694 387 10 66 29 124 232 227 S 62 21 395 219 61 22 39 294 23 21,870 253 272 11 2,880 217 2,663 319 3,417 548 5,690 897 1,362 19 95 48 377 4,235 1,101 3,134 29 351 625 173 424 21 4 172 17 4 12 1 2 36 33 3 112 ^4 51 7 44 17 476 50 115 1,431 3 1 95 257 5 38 3 5 14 33 2 5 2 7 111 51 60 45 1,792 94 322 12 173 4 168 2 166 16 35 18 37 55 15 32 7 1 1 175 29 146 3 10 1,151 117 373 2 23 1 25 3 13 78,993 21 29 6 12 4 116 11 1,873 12,937 127 1,411 53 480 345 42 24 112 186 184 2 58 10 341 197 40 15 25 274 12 21,589 198 228 144 7 2,500 198 2,302 745 244 3,328 452 5,062 791 1,176 12 47 44 366 3,905 991 2,914 14 250 448 112 335 1 88 -10 14 Ja 82, 803 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. De« No Je Se Je . Jy 126 Oc< 12 Au 2,025 Ja 13,853 Ja« 131 Au 1,487 Au* Au Jy (•) Au Se My< 48 145 116 1? My 63 Ap< 11 Mh < 3.55 Ap 243 De< 16 Au< 32 Ja* 283 Au 20 Fe 21, 863 Je 216 Fe< De Jy* 258 Mh Ja Ap Se Ja Ap Fe Co Je Je Je Je Fe 214 2,698 796 303 3,632 665 7,004 809 1,562 18 65 68 385 Je 1,022 Mh 3,049 Au* 15 De < 257 De* No (•)■ Ja m Jy* 113 345 1 149 10 15 Se 76,9 Au Au Ja» De De* De 104 De* 10 Ap 1,729 Jiyl2,401 Jy 121 Ja 1,318 Ja 46 Fe* Ja (•) Ja* Ja» Se 464 74 6 90 Oc (•) Au 163 2 55 No* 328 De 166 Ja* 14 Ja 20 Jy 257 Fe* 5 Oc 21,086 Au 148 Se Ap 193 141 4 Se 187 Au 2,059 Au 651 De Se Jy 1,079 325 Au 3,273 Au 769 De Fe Fe* Ja Au 646 7 35 26 336 De 961 Au 2,789 Ja* 13 Ja 241 Se Jy Do De 110 323 1 37 10 (.') 25 32 13 18 6 HI 12 1,971 12,857 127 1,378 62 492 616 6 40 153 114 174 172 66 9 342 175 43 16 27 282 15 21,245 204 218 148 7 2,478 206 2,272 765 2.18 3, ,354 549 7,646 847 1,297 11 67 34 375 3,858 974 2,884 14 264 458 113 344 1 62 10 (») 25 31 13 18 4 107 6 1,494 8,337 34 1,293 .52 408 612 5 111 113 174 172 2 7 26 25 29 6 23 261 15 11,946 196 166 148 7 2,407 206 2,201 757 208 1,022 637 7,577 831 1,293 9 66 19 183 3,701 872 2,829 6 191 343 101 241 1 60 10 18 9,179 (') 2 4 6 475 4,402 90 81 2 316 150 13 9 4 3 2,241 12 37 15 3 2 1 15 191 157 102 55 6 71 108 12 (») 74 13 46 {») 45 81.56,748,863 43,022 29,619 13,556 19,1.50 2,953 62,876 7,036 5,184,249 12,733,266 107,016 2,665,428 96,311 626,474 480,044 8,010 130,166 47,722 347,473 . 418,246 408,646 9,000 66,095 39,602 380,892 401,706 65,669 7,927 47,732 533,624 34,426 32,866,897 380,049 465,745 1,427,406 5,086 6,702,197 566,913 6,136,284 1,393,454 3.307,319 3,918,937 2,762,370 11,36.3,354 1,398,767 1,647,479 18,600 140,634 202,978 214,380 28,830,998 4,758,754 24,072,244 66,692 366,379 1,003,635 273,742 719,113 10,680 337,987 35,314 19,100 3 No figures shown for reason given in " Explanation of t^^ma." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. OR MOKE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 891 EXPENSES. • Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Oerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration- income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines." Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 12,754,748 1,100 500 3,246 600 1^,383 505,423 7,472 75,899 5,900 3,867 21,110 4,448 3,659 8,020 8,910 8,910 2,150 4,936 12,290 10,410 12,637 1,500 369,435 13,127 26,388 5,360 176,820 14,895 161,925 43,567 25,209 90,138 38,137 162,444 45,606 47,365 1,872 6,975 1,773 10,480 398,281 135,907 262,374 2,SS5 15,624 68,655 35,856 29,149 3,650 8,988 {40,642,393 1,562 169,138 558,194 1,368 64,555 766 17,470 10,619 2,128 4,238 3,484 3,484 900 1,988 34,779 27,798 2,160 1,560 600 3,692 325 277,305 10,169 5,864 4,307 238,105 2,288 235,817 24,515 35,397 31,287 54,388 69,447 19,739 35,773 4,625 219 2,501 240,624 52,291 188,333 5,545 16.193 43,588 '28,668 13,730 1,200 17; 575 1,580 $1,342,368 12,314 11,962 2,705 5,975 2,255 55,391 7,202 931,377 6,676,251 45,845 689,427 30, 172 292,455 191,600 3,484 25,822 8,692 58,347 108,314 107,714 600 41,633 3,274 121,087 87,078 24,12^ 6,601 17,522 142,989 7,273 10,006,112 119,164 121,880 89,139 2,340 1,564,345 133,547 1,430,798 414,368 146,699 1,303,138 262,618 2,715,558 437,379 928,099 5,945 25,100 14,501 159,467 2,513,431 561,433 1,951,998 6,428 156,797 285,876 72,033 213, 123 720' 55,021 7,614 10,138 200 468 1,656 20,143 3,513 1,070 150 150 30 6,609 360 6,249 67,594 4,554 1,760 1,080,122 6,530 36, 762 ""496 2,578 2,578 1,205 26,648 356 943 25,349 760 $332,717 81,834,286 «110,853,377 $4,140,058 $182,843,863 167,850,428 344,093 600 525 125 644 720 1,164 9,792 79,899 4,006 8,597 399 30, 110 4,353 ^ 180 470 250 1,719 1,719 159 2,320 1,296 5,086 2,560 2,526 1,300 970 308 3,170 6,529 252 15,689 330 15,359 14,351 480 1,518 1,737 9,493 9,759 7,051 876 3,040 1,800 1,660 1,400 260 1,806 13,834 19,775 6,818 12,698 359 516 310 60 69 132 11 266 30 18,588 81,337 1,090 21,223 890 4,757 4,173 63 l.,128 2,916 2,608 2,500 108 826 267 1,820 1,553 391 87 304 2,045 126 387,959 3,452 3,009 11,671 22 57,709 2,882 54,827 6,376 53,103 33,954 14,206 98,460 12,216 10,724 89 1,053 268 2,066 204,527 32,022 172,505 285 2,627 5,132 1,473 3,577 82 2,988 260 266 12,882 12,644 2,667 870 6,061 34,878 3,423 7,308,695 26,219,019 87,207 2,502,670 44,639 941,041 12,976 8,777 521,657 35,636 82,534 96,567 95,377 1,190 50,253 41,458 530,751 197,349 96,178 18,322 77,856 248, 198 43,482 21,937,191 159,929 2,410,396 10,743 1,806,536 212,003 1,594,533 712,175 93,250 2,329,259 2,174,620 4,740,856 1,116,024 331, 162 20,687 57,961 9,608 43,165 10,974,752 2,676,152 8,298,600 26,698 156,382 179,964 67,806 111,606 662 132,338 64,434 11,742 997 160 102 300 24 779 54 37,831 146,053 2,715 9,063 5,130 41,823 100,824 178 7,323 798 4,587 9 475 9,390 85 247 815 4,387 2,678 3,102 578 2,524 4,627 395 803,349 5,057 5,079 11,606 397 103,665 18,435 85,130 10,774 231,042 50,161 76,312 42,599 6,074 64,231 391 2,893 453 3,655 1,562,324 369,441 1,192,883 521 7,255 16,575 6,144 10,431 763 1,373 526 36,362 35,016 7,736 11,750 13,672 104,719 17,191 9,030,726 37,664,039 179,952 3,922,874 99,384 1,676,355 416, 7^1 16,664 636,835 68,914 1677^8 270,664 265,514 5,150 96,010 103,145 787,058 379, 102 164,513 37,730 126,783 664,417 69,546 35,679,660 222,062 351,877 2,733,820 24,468 5,041,104 418,254 4,622,850 1,654,272 841,580 4,282,739 2,863,759 10,734,757 1,861,425 1,803,656 42,846 139,614 32,294 259,854 17,708,138 4,572,084 13,136,054 75,557 486,753 944,658 372,984 529,826 41,848 235,370 82,489 38,525 21,483 22, 211 4,%6 10,580 7,587 69,062 13, 714 1,684,200 11,298,967 90,030 1,411,141 49,615 693,491 302,972 7,709 107,855 32,480 80, 177 164,622 160,747 3,876 45,510 60,872 251,920 179, 175 65,233 18,830 46,403 411,592 25,669 12,939,120 147,^325 186,869 311,818 13,328 3,131,003 187,816 2,943,187 831,323 517,288 1,903,319 612,827 5,951,302 739,327 1,408,263 21,768 78,760 22,233 213,034 6,171,062 1,626,491 3,644,571 48,346 323,116 748,119 299,034 407,889 41,196 102,269 16,682 26,257 344,093 161,001 5,329 128,592 49,171 53,441 129 205 10 7 1 213 3 2,001 6,714 85 30 25 14 85 180 10 7 1 25 3 1,186 2,555 46 ""265" 708 148 40 665 3,864 15 10 30 24 140 265 5,706 146 361 641 11 4,527 70 10 450 167 '"'si' 21 8 249 60 763 26 320 170 3 662 3' 298 65 696 569 522 47 47 14 89 118 74 7 67 876 4 87,236 471 213 65 290 239 227 12 8 52 25 "'ii?' 92 26 400 112 102 10 6 101 101 47 6 72 61 72 7 65 5 4 3,316 36 16 2 ""iii' '3l'283' 175 57' 8 9 8 2 ""835" 2 35 51,151 76 300 65 32,469 296 392 35 200 157 100 4,597 4 1,025 310 2 2,656 606 2 74 4,136 218 3,917 2,984 960 50 910 2,055 157 14 143 186 932 57 876 596 2,086 97 1^989 148 202 30 172 546 613 2,722 3,174 460 700 1,080 53 279 1,674 " "i23' 36 10 1,733 420 36,227 3,340 21,846 2,586 437 143 9,389 618 4,556 93 382 150 5,726 27 140 360 247 3,380 214 40 15 95' 110 2,092 12 100 ■"72' s' 40 39 235 50 1 30 16 118, 123 19,441 98,682 13 327 34,593 9,334 25,259 3 2,208 2,208 2 12 69,205 6,920 52,286 i?' 22,117 979 21,138 8 298 4,602 925 3,677 496 6 54 21 415 3 135 361 135 280 3' 6 54 21 298 69 50 210 80 8 69 6 25 20 63 * Same number reported for one or more other months. one reBorted for ene or .— <. » Same number reported throughout the year. 892 MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS \ INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNEES— DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST BEPRE3ENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified Toys and games Upholstering materials, excelsior Vinegar and cider Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Woolen and worsted goods All other industries * < 5 36 3 7 9 13 24 11 40 113 26 1,120 10 129 154 21 736 304 9,777 7,531 90 203 96 321 37 169 18 1,058 6 114 137 7 666 281 9,532 6,780 J' Se Ja Oc Ja< Oc Ja Mb 18 1,105 10 173 160 37 806 312 Fe 9,1 Ja Se< Ja Se 18 994 3 56 115 Ja< 1 Jy 514 Au 213 Se 9,100 18 1,079 7 114 138 31 505 287 9,404 18 818 7 82 138 27 483 281 5,801 30 19 6 3,545 34 24 120,246 575,525 8,835 141,081 413,728 16,525 884,326 400,291 12,80^655 18,211,687 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace- Asbestos products, not including steam packing 2 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Belting, leather 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Bi:ushes 2 Buttons 1 Carpets, rag , 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 4 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . Cheese Coffee andspice,roastingandgrinding. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods Cordage and twine Cotton small wares Dairymen's and poultrymen's sup- plies Druggists' preparations Electroplatmg Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving and die sinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 3 Flavoring extracts 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 3 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- i j^ eating greases 2 1 r Hand stamps 2 Hardware 3 Hardware, saddlery ; 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hones and whetstones 2 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 1 Iron and steel, miscellaneous, includ- ing t«cks not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Jewelry CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. MANCHESTER— All industries . . . Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products Confectionery and ice cream Foundry and machine-shop products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, job printing Printing and pubUshing, newspapers and periodicals. Pnnting, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Tobacco, cigars All other industries * . .r 27, 104 5,944 229 182 13 68 147 55 17 45 180 170 10 1,026 19,208 122 305 177 5 493 222 3 '"2 '"5 1 20 18 2 16 220 251 1 10 1 1 2 26,843 5,292 218 135 60 132 27 130 129 1 992 18,809 Jy 26,384 Au 5, 576 Mb No Au3 Ja No Jy3 Au3 Au De 228 142 11 136 :<) 1 3e 1,033 De 25, 112 Ap 4,792 De Fes Ap3 No De De3 Jy 197 129 6 34 Mh s 126 Fe 124 1 934 25,996 1 15,801 10,022 5,308 197 141 10 45 134 36 9 34 137 136 1 1,009 18,936 3,726 197 132 7 45 134 36 9 32 108 107 1 756 10,619 1,637 253 8,192 53 72 $33, 468, 730 8, 177, 737 334,709 107,535 21,650 128,061 304,691 81,208 15,710 53,709 392,706 384,876 7,830 645, 441 23,305,583 ♦All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brooms 1 Brushes 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriages and wagons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Cotton goods 2 Food preparations, sweetening sirups, other than cane 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 . Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Berlin Concord Dover Keene Laconia Nashua '. Portsmouth 2,886 3,178 2,678 2,307 2,838 7,934 1,216 49 81 40 79 45 128 27 132 110 63 56 90 193 45 65 33 57 32 157 24 2,680 2,856 2,483 2,068 2,621 7,382 1,090 Oc De Co Ja Ja My 2,931 3,061 2,605 2,283 2,977 7,679 1,141 Oc Mh Fe Mh De Je 2,339 2,614 2,352 1,859 2,306 7,049 1,036 2,693 2,960 2,654 2,103 2,689 7,485 1,114 2,664 2,727 1,666 1,759 1,665 5,336 781 28 230 963 342 1,024 2,123 331 120, i; i; 13, 5, 860,044 701,225; 703,437. 581, 178 760, 177 873,696 620,026, 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEW HAMPSHIRE. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 893 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. , For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. ( Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.^ In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. J7,302 7,100 11,476 38,810 8,580 235,157 453,958 $34,008 1,658 3,508 19,406 5,045 141,502 505,299 S9, 103 797,939 3,920 49,689 72,242 3,003 307,595 4,211,498 4,106,382 $21 1,915 8,588 7,962 3,342 56,655 $75 5,857 280 250 1,500 75 3,567 410 12,383 39,623 $80 132,080 51 721 1,979 r48 6,911 4,203 148,607 479,975 $154,090 1,213,575 2,663 67,875 204,719 6,598 496,948 184,266 9,668,876 10,141,712 $1,383 2,440 115 2,929 7,510 431 8,285 1,426 417,945 306,222 $178,973 2,390,363 9,558 175,488 324,410 17,408 971, 189 398, 614 15,039,284 18,657,688 $23,500 1, 174, 348 6,780 104,684 112,151 10,379 465,956 212,822 4,952,463 ■8,209,754 35 6 45 201 1,933 171 2,739 1,705 30,392 16, 124 70 935 63 1,685 1,175 15, 012 10,075 20 40 35 30 192 38 946 275 240- 13,577 81 31 75 35 78 63 1,563 3,585 80 22 11,374 2,504 10 s Same number reported throughout the year. * Same number reported for one or more other months. Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Labels and tags 1 Lace, cotton 2 Lasts 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Linen goods 2 Liquors, distilled 1 Liquors, malt 4 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Millinery and lacegoods, not elsewhere spedfled 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 1 Oil, essential 2 Optical goods 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified.. 2 Photo-engraving 1 Plumbers' suppUes, not elsewhere specified 1 Pottery 1 Pulp wood 1 Refrigerators 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Saws 2 Shirts 2 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 2 Silversraithing and silverware 2 Soap 2 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Stamped and enameled ware, not else- where specified 1 S,tationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves 2 Surgical appliances 1 Trunks and valises 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Window and door screens 1 Wirework, miscellaneous 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $724,655 $821,864 $12,509,719 $11,789 $99,709 $552,760 $.32,939,389 $857,713 $50,799,667 $17,002,565 63,481 39,201 196 19,250 4,834 30,577 1 288,087 10,124 367,846 3,952 4, aw 2,160 624 7,107 3,601 2,753,495 122,693 82,050 4,204 28,662 87,495 27,263 4,760 16,869 101,289 100,569 720 767,717 8,513,222 1,085 50,301 2,800 7,998 560 850 900 1,399 1,164 3,671 6,772 6,527 245 2,762 20,534 69,391 1,220 854 202 1,083 4,133 357 63 497 733 6*6 47 123,592 360,635 14,340,119 470,093 258,648 21,405 17,244 347,033 27,105 8,481 11,693 64,634 64,382 252 1,162,645 16,210,289 76,139 500 10,516 770 975 1,160 2,061 338 1,317 4,596 4,596 18,800,729 732,607 469,701 36,400 76,334 496,889 79,677 25,300 50,619 387,125 366,264 20,861 2,275,977 27,368,309 4,384,471 262,014 200,537 14,225 68,115 148,696 50,521 16,481 37,609 317,895 297,286 20,609 1,111,083 10,400,918 2,742 850 79 24 63 465 105 7 82 120 120 525 700 2,217 75 150 3 ' ? 270 76 24 ■ ; 4 5,348 11,560 4,080 1,500 50 450 13 15 6 7 1,075 40 105 7 82 120 120 % 1,025 22,732 21,632 1,100 32,688 376,173 10 33,723 31,073 2,650 6,240 363,993 8,561 1*) 8,561 1^ 2,249 757,102 5 68,939 5 2,198 ■36,'602' 758 37,476 15 19,250 15 Hand stamps 1 Hats, fur-felt... 1 Hosiery and knit goods 2 Jewelry. Lasts Leather goods. Liquors, malt '. 1 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Mattresses and spring beds, not else- where specified 3 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes . . 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Patent medicines and compounds. . . 2 Saddlery and harness 2 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing etablishments . 2 Showcases l Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Wood, turned and carved 2 Worsted goods i CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $250,100 126, 793 92, 110 123,582 123,986 293,888 89,452 $176, 152 147,080 94, .579 86,641 126,601 343, Ki4 64,088 $1,973,893 1,955,705 1,218,977 1,152,729 1,416,626 3,622,485 664,712 $469,464 $3,072 60,240 25,762 6,147 11,323 44,443 27,372 21,451 13,821 6,636 29,765 2,700 10,423 $154,796 48,855 47,537 21,695 40,043 165,446 301, 296 $7,943,140 3,592,406 3,544,325 1,840,952 1, 759, 750 15,829,797 1,755,375 $901,479 119,917 112,601 80,091 80,979 270,460 91,978 $13,089,804 6, 743, 687 5,682,095 ,3,918,449 4,496,770 22,780,444 3,923,812 $4,245,185 3,031,364 2^025,169 1,997,406 2,656,041 6,680,187 2,076,459 77,411 7,122 8,603 4,865 2,949 23,364 2,009 11,099 2,183 6,268 2,941 1,712 14,386 1,466 36 64 262 10 60 18 42,642 1.148 1,790 400 746 7,006 23,670 3,755 381 1,262 481 1,922/ 525 387 311 3,777 121 1,2.S0 5,556 227 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^ Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. By Feank W. Sebking. GENEBAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^The gross area of New Jersey is 8,224 square miles, of which 710 repre- sent water surface. The inhabitants of the state in 1900 numbered 1,883,669 and in 1910, 2,637,167, and it is estimated that the population in 1914 was 2,816,663. It ranks only forty-fifth in area, but is the third most densely populated state in the Union, the density being 374.7 per square mile in 1914, as compared with 337.7 in 1910. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing in cities and towns of 2,600 inhabit- ants or more — ^was 1,907,210, or 76.2 per cent of the total, as compared with 70.6 per cent in 1900. In 1914 the state had 10 cities of more than 60,000 inhabitants, namely, Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Trenton, Camd^^ EUzaJjath, Hoboken, Passaic, Bayr_ QQne^_a^_Afi8fltic_City. There were also 24 cities and other incorporated places of between 10,000 and 50,000 inhabitants. Statistics of manufactures for West Orange, a town having over 10,000 inhabitants, are included with those for the outside districts. The 33 incorporated places, for which statistics are shown separately, had an estimated population of 1,837,804 in 1914, or 65.3 per cent of the total popu- lation of the state, and reported 77.5 per cent of the total value of its manufactured products. New Jersey owes its industrial prominence largely to its favorable geographic position and to its excel- lent transportation facilities. The proximity of the state to the coal fields of Pennsylvania and to the markets of the North Atlantic seaboard have been factors in its industrial development. The steam- railway mileage in 1914 was 2,312 and the electric- raUway mileage in 1912 (length of road) was 1,230. In addition, the estabhshment and growth of many important industries are directly traceable to the transportation facilities provided by New York Harbor and the Delaware River. Agriculture is highly developed in certain sections of the state. The total value of aU farm crops in 1909 was $40,340,491, the most important being vegetables, $.14,073,467; cereals, $9,797,937; and hay and forage, $7,627,402. Importance and growth of mannfactares. — In value of manufactured products, and in the average num- ber of wage earners," New Jersey ranked sixth in 1914 and 1909. The output of manufactured products, valued at $1,406,633,414 in 1914, represented 5.8 per cent of the total for the United States; the cor- responding proportions for 1909 were 5.5 per cent, and 1904, 5.2 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state of New Jersey, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, together with the percentages of increase from census to census. Table I MANTTPACTUBINO INDUSTBIES. 1914 1909 1901 1899 PER CENT O? nrCBEASE. 1909-1911 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Feisons engaged Fioprietors and firm members Saluted employees Wage earners (average ntmiber) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (Including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of mate- rials) 9,742 431,003 8,342 49,056 373,605 793,063 »1, 352, 381, 873 280,984,004 69,847,644 211,136,460 9,380,405 23,515,837 883,464,594 1,406,633,414 523,168,820 8,817 371,265 8,204 36,838 326,223 612,293 $977,172, 141 218,046,366 48,336,333 169,710,033 8,445,253 18,399,060 720,033,399 1,145,529,076 425,495,677 7,010 296,262 6,730 23,196 266,336 436,274 »715,060,174 157,125,629 28,956,728 128,168,801 5,221,402 « 4,835,603 470,449,176 774,369,025 303,919,849 15,361 213,975 322,503 $477,301,565 114,222,611 19,057,698 95,164,913 M 334,726,094 553,005,684 218,279,590 10.5 16.1 1.7 33.2 14.5 29.5 38.4 28.9 44.6 24.4 11.1 27.8 22.7 22.8 23.0 25.8 25.3 21.9 58.8 22.5 40.3 36.7 38.8 66.9 32.4 61.7 9.3 51.0 24.5 35.3 49.8 37.6 51.9 34.7 63.1 47.9 40.0 40.5 40.0 39.2 ' Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. The manufacturing activities in the state have steadily increased during the fifteen years covered by the table, the period of greatest progress having been from 1904 to 1969. From 1909 to 1914, the largest increases are shown for salaries and capital, 44.5 and 38.4 per cent, respectively. Percentages of increase in the value of products, cost of materials, , Digitized by Microsoft® and average number of wage earners indicate the manufacturing development of the state. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. (895) 896 MANUFACTURES. All industries Smelting and refining, copper Petroleum, refining , Silk goods, including^ throwsters Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactines , Woolen, worsted, and telt goods, and wool hats Chemicals Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished , Dyeing and finishing textiles Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Bread and other bakery products. . . Liquors, malt Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products , Soap Paint and varnish ■i^iinting and publishing Gas, iUuminating and heating Canning and preserving Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Lumber and timber products Shipbuilding, includmg boat build- ing Clothing, men's, including shirts.. Oilcloth and linoleum Jewelry Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Fertilizers Paper and wood pulp Millinery and lace goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames Belting and hose, rubber Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Oil , not elsewhere specified Automobiles, including bodies and parts Hats, fur-felt ifosiery and knit goods Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Glass Furnishing goods, men's Clothing, women's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Furniture Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . DyestufEs and extracts Confectionery Corsets Brass and bronze products Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Paving materials Flour-mill and gristmill products Cement ■. ^ Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Leather goods Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Wall paper, not made in paper mills . Silversmithing and silverware Marble and stone work CENSUS OF 1914. PEB CENT OF INCREASE 1 Num- ber of es-tab- Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Per Per Per lish- ments. Average number. cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. 1 cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 9,742 373,605 100.0 81,406,633,414 100.0 3523,168,820 100.0 14.5 22.5 24.5 22.8 47.9 40.0 23.0 40.0 39.2 4 8 368 3,344 5,178 28,263 0.9 1.4 7.6 159,198,876 90, 876, 993 75,706,449 11.3 • 6.5 6.4 5,336,041 11,485,433 34,823,584 1.0 2.2 6.7 44.0 86.8 -27.2 26.1 5.5 26.7 100.1 63.7 57.2 7.2 -20.5 68.5 -31.5 140.3 11.9 -6.7 18.9 15.7. 52.6 8.3 66.7 908 76 31,057 14,405 8.3 3.9 74,126,941 40,740,810 5.3 2.9 41,551,452 20,191,534 7.9 3.9 11.7 29.8 13.3 43.6 17.2 44.9 77.1 60.1 106.5 83.2 101.1 73.5 90 394 2,197 15,830 0.6 4.2 40, 108, 471 39,695,997 2.9 2.8 3,788,634 22,292,414 0.7 4.3 20.9 67.2 143.9 45.5 26.1 81.0 6.7 64.2 111.7 120.0 24.9 5.3 -1.4 66.6 128.3 86.4 34.6 2.7 32 64 14,464 6,276 3.9 1.7 36,268,561 31, 686, 866 2.6 2.3 13,210,929 14,632,'579 2.5 2.8 14.3 24.4 40.8 40.3 ' "is.'o" 6.9 38.8 107.0 75.2 '"'e.'?' 2.4 38.6 123.8 65.3 "22'7 84 5,108 1.4 31,651,831 2.2 9,571,200 1.8 -8.1 12.3 18.5 11.3 32.3 66.4 16.3 32.3 47.7 98 11,683 3.1 27, §86, 512 2.0 14,280,512 2.7 15.3 33.3 7.4 77.2 31.9 14.2 51.2 36.3 15.9 63 1,278 29 6,316 5,712 2,588 1.7 1.6 0.7 25, 458, 216 22,310,018 20,481,896 1.8 1.6 1.5 10, 286, 749 9,352,016 14,897,339 2.0 1.8 2.8 48.4 15.7 21.8 146.2 28.3 8.5 -33.8 42.5 13.6 30.3 11.1 1.5 304.1 48.8 15.7 -42.8 65.0 21.3 , .^8.0 18.5 -2.7 246.9 48.9 12.6 -32.0 46.3 17.1 30 140 16 60 732 43 7,394 13,011 2,057 1,737 5,433 2,205 2.0 3.5 0.6 0.5 1.5 0.6 16,782,164 16,693,447 16,692,486 16,086,717 14,083,011 14,020,050 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 6,666,630 12,119,538 5,932,529 6,145,405 9,831,942 9,944,588 1.3 2.3 1.1 1.2 1.9 1.9 11.4 -1.6 28.6 16.3 -0.3 15.0 22.2 -3.0 22.1 26.0 14.2 42.5 29.1 -6.4 -10.0 35.3 11.0 42.4 15.6 158.3 55.5 24.8 40.2 9.0 14.6 13.3 13.3 ,3.6 27.1 240.3 83.2 43.0 64.4 25.6 66.9 12.1 41.3 69.1 25.0 233.7 53.7 39.7 44.0 26.9 80.4 23.7 43.1 62.6 96 196 382 3,154 5,233 4,892 0.8 1.4 1.3 13,764,955 12,499,728 12,482,553 1.0 0.9 0.9 5,730,429 5,653,657 ,5,083,285 1.1 1.1 1.0 73.5 4.6 0.7 275.7 12.5 -7.6 293.6 14.4. -7.6 22.6 36.2 91.0 10.3 77.3 68.9 132.9 14.3 46.7 56.9 127.3 5.9 85 152 6,324 8,217 1.7 2.2 11,860,965 11,547,363 0.8 0.8 6,224,671 6,318,851 1.2 1.2 29.9 17.5 0.1 23.5 69.2 -2.1 34.2 17.1 14.3 32.8 60.8 29.1 35.6 31.9 7.5 19.4 49.4 21.7 10 17S 2,190 3,408 0.6 0.9 11,384,311 11,347,455 0.8 0.8 3,724,518 5,822,616 0.7 1.1 3.2 -15.0 45.0 34.1 69.6 7.6 12.2 -14.5 86.3 42.6 91.4 26.1 6.3 -16.6 97.1 49.8 60.2 31.2 58 23 33 4,080 1,530 2,927 1.1 0.4 0.8 11,204,323 11,197,690 10,931,431 0.8 0.8 0.8 3,853,903 3,610,606 3,750,166 0.7 0.7 0.7 -3.6 26.7 31.7 -6.5 6.1 36.5 -2.3 18.4 36.9 39.3 46.0 44.7 6.0 35.7 49.8 0.9 31.7 57.8 16.3 81.7 34.6 -2.2 15.3 37.8 10.7 60.6 36.6 276 5,573 1.5 10,485,723 0.7 6,571,892 1.3 35.3 206.3 767.7 52.1 256.9 1023.3 77.1 250.3 828.9 15 4,639 1.2 10,420,452 0.7 5,234,984 1.0. -0.7 -44.0 8.2 -13.3 -40.1 -8.1 -2.7 -29.9 2.2 30 9 6,835 2,239 1.8 0.6 10,344,659 10,340,523 0.7 0.7 5,793,009 5,122,233 1.1 1.0 3.5 18.9 20.9 182.5 .5.4 42.3 37.0 254.1 11.7 41.5 34.2 305.9 14 179 m 10,078,176 0.7 1,077,390 0.2 59.8 9.8 155.0 127.2 -16.0 134.5 105.3 17.4 179.4 63 20 812 426 0.2 0.1 9,478,997 9, 290, 437 0.7 0.7 2,144,284 2,468,250 0.4 0.5 -3.1 19.5 87.9 76. 2 70.1 146.7 -n.7 61.2 146.1 53 41 2,520 4,401 0.7 1.2 8,237,416 7, 969, 344 0.16 0.6 4,471,539 4,261,302 0.8 0.8 146.1 -5.6 310.3 -9.7 300.9 -9.6 -18.4 20.2 -7.5 32.3 -11.3 48.7 62 4,025 1.1 7,849,656 0.6 4, 514, 134 0.9 60.6 42.5 -5.5 106.0 49.5 43.0 127.5 70.0 51.4 129 1,271 0.3 7,672,961 0.6 4,525,682 0.9 26.5 7.9 194.6 41.8 45.8 135.7 36.3 38.7 132.5 14 19 28 3,151 5,784 4,144 0.8 1.5 1.1 7,656,638 7,597,764 6,793,287 0.5 0.6 0.5 2,120,604 6,066,662 2,904,577 0.4 0.9 0.6 4.2 2.4 68.6 38.5 9.1 64.4 30.0 2.1 107.6 2.6 16.2 2.3 415.9 7.9 52.8 26.6 250.6 8.0 25.1 27.4 284.2 183 5,423 1.5 6,768,076 0.6 3,816,118 0.7 28.6 8.1 63.2 14.2 40.5 64.7 24.2 50.2 45.6 32 66 6 18 2,206 2,287 909 343 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.1 5,475,783 5,462,764 5,071,299 4,968,962 4,888,601 4,737,474 4,686,427 4,673,513 4,434,269 4,320,424 4,309,264 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1,949,463 3,004,849 2,911,660 1,925,323 1,836,597 2,430,567 1,511,562 1,758,187 1,892,983 730,413 1,807,361 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 17.1 51.8 -7.3 -5.1 64.-5 36..6 -19.5 63.4 -8.5 109.4 138.4 173.3 75 13 61 24 29 196 4 1,583 2,692 1,236 907 1,264 341 1,012 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 25.3 40.5 -2.3 63.2 26.5 477.6 9.5 18.8 42.0 -8.7 101.5 59.4 475.5 60.5 9.1 19.7 -14.9 69.6 43.9 517.0 94.6 -24.7 -30.0 -0.2 0.6 21.4 -22.0 15.7 1.3 27.4 2.7 -26.2 8.1 3.2 57.4 7.6 70 99 2,693 1,669 0.7 0.4 4,281,970 4,183,036 0.3 0.3 2,875,917 2,030,942 0.6 0.4 22.0 -7.9 32.4 -8.3 -7.3 -8.8 56.5 4..4 15.4 -4.9 2.8 20.7 62.4 8.9 24.9 -10.0 2.6 19.3 48 917 0.2 3,848,684 0.3 1,100,883 0.2 -12.3 187.4 15.6 19.1 303.2 13.3 22.0 141.2 4.6 24 17 9 25 132 1,960 106 963 1,182 1,080 0.5 0.3 3,502,746 ...3,451,166 2,846,585 0.2 0.2. 0.2 1,764,626 1,671,384 0.3 0.3 40.7 V 26.2 )23.1 57.1 30.3 19.2 53.0 -28.2 21.3 140.0 27.2 "'i.o' 374.7 37.2 "38.'9' 123.4 29.2 'iio.'? -27.6 —27.6 -33.8 (See footnotes at end of table.) NEW JERSEY. 897 Table 3— Continued. CENSUS OF 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Average number. Wage earners. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value added by manufactiu'e. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. PEB CENT OP mCEEASE.l Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufactiu'e. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Boxes, fancy and paper Wirework, mcludmg wire rope and . cable, not elsewhere specified Carriages and wagons and materials. Buttons Stoves and hot-aii furnaces and ranges Carpets and rugs, other than rag Confectionery (ice cream) Eooflng materials Chocolate and cocoa products Signs and advertising novelties Ink, printing Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied Mineral and soda waters Brushes Upholstering materials, not else- where specified Cars and gnieral shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting Cork, catting Ice, manufactond Artists' materials ■. Typewriters and supplies Grease and tallow..^ Hat and cap materials Minerals and earths, ground Iron and steel, wrought pipe Window shades and fixtures Agricultural implements Eats, straw Flavoring extracts Wall plaster Artificial stone products Mattresses and spring beds Toys and games Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes. . Scales and balances. . . .'. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns Mirrors, framed and unframed, not elsewhere specified All other industries 29 264 60 19 7 83 25 13 17 4 7 11 40 6 819 2,176 1,045 1,168 1,773 872 400 392 322 841 278 1,122 667 822 313 1,228 672 670 621 214 428 218 360 292 359 441 270 137 206 349 181 440 246 48 515 244 313 147 48,766 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 (') 0.1 0.1 P) 0.1 0.1 (>) 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 13.1 $2,658,571 2,654,257 2,666,644 2,608,840 2,266,316 2,224,761 2,189,962 2,172,809 2, 161, 831 2, 147*, 369 2,094,672 2,081,893 2,052,941 1,813,840 1,811,130 1,614,137 1,601,358 1,693,892 1,666,361 1,498,852 1,236,349 1,184,942 1,148,091 1,048,822 1,027,623 1,005,621 930,724 843,776 828,303 762,869 722,410 690,644 641,299 608,386 597,434 597,066 573, 168 561,568 508,209 208,535,136 $1,466,969 0.2 2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0:1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m p> m « (=) (') m 14.8 1,143, 1,658, 1,431, 1,622, 860, 860, 1,027, 583 1,435; 1,144,017 1,304, 1,087, 925, 696,937 865,091 952,818 492,860 1,029,036 405,818 725,806 364,212 350,526 482,881 567,120 379,371 485,330 452,187 236,439 362,067 427,666 258,839 414,213 321,693 85,990 396,866 431,148 449,608 192,315 74,069,988 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 (») 0.1 0.1 (») 0.1 0.1 (.') 0.1 0.1 0.1 « 14.2 -7.2 -27.0 -21.6 60.6 -1.3 -19.4 65.2 23.5 70.3 -6.2 17.1 -0.6 -3.3 -21.0 103.0 21.4 -6.1 72.7 46.9 106.0 -11.6 55.2 1.4 -7.6 -20.9 -8.6 94.6 9.4 -6.7 63.6 53.3 128.5 -8.4 52. S 14.4 11.2 14.8 -17.9 49.0 11.0 -19.4 -4.9 17.3 2.7 -8.6 -10.5 40.2 -3.1 36.0 '23.7 0.9 9.7 3.7 48.7 20.9 36.4 36.2 13. S 67:4 9.5 -16.9 37.7 19.9 132.0 42.6 102.9 7a 1 21&6 106.1 99.0 -18.1 23.3 55.5 31.2 46.4 -79.7 13.1 11.8 16.0 10.0 39.4 81.4 101.5 4.0 71.5 67.0 3.2 -17.1 33.6 46.9 32.8 65.0 84.7 108.2 131.0 299.1 134.9 262.1 -2.0 67.7 18.1 62.4 65.3 -57.7 3.5 8.4 7.0 59.0 67.2 29.4 -7.3 38.0 67.0 15.3 -25.4 3a6 43.4 96.4 92.6 101.6 133.4 258.5 143.2 139.4 -9.5 75.4 43.6 107.7 67.6 -63.0 -14.4 20.5 35.2 9.8 38.8 -12.9 23.3 -8.5 92.6 56.8 -34.3 13.3 16.6 66. 2 104.6 179.6 15.7 -28.5 -63.5 44.7 4.3 287.0 856.9 105.0 -4.1 -36.8 209.1 24.5 -15.9 -47.8 183.8 66.8 61.4 200.5 813.8 81.7 12.4 -12.5 67.4 86.2 25.4 -24.3 -49.8 213.8 67.7 ■68.8 195.8 796.8 82.0 3.9 -30.8 53.0 -7.5 43.5 24.7 -7.0 53.2 80.6 12.1 -3.7 33.4 26.3 12.7 61.0 99.6 -9.3 30.3 27.5 15.2 64.7 97.2 11.3 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 39; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 103 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $500,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 4 with products exceeding $70,000,- 000 in value, 10 with products between $20,000,000 and $70,000,000, 21 with products between $10,000,000 and $20,000,000, 13 with products between $5,000,000, and $10,000,000, 42 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000 and 13 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "aU other industries" are 39 which had prod- ucts exceeding $500,000 in value, but the statistics for these can not be shown separately without the possi- hiUty of disclosing the operations of individual estab- Hshments; the more important of these industries are sugar, refining ; wire ; phonographs ^^^^ifff^pg^^Y' smelting and refining, not from the oi^; explosives; 82101°— 18 57 glucose; sewing machines and attachments; oil, cotton- seed, and cake; surgical appUances; and bags, other than paper. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if b^sed on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Copper smelting and refining, petroleum refining, and slaughtering and meat packing show the greatest variations in this respect. The smelting and refining of copper held first rank in value of products, but the industry was thirty-second in number of wage earners and thir- tieth in value added by manufacture. Petroleum refining, second in value of products, was twenty-third \4fUP(!^P!Sft^^S^ earners and eleventh in value added by manufacture, and slaughtering and meat packing, 898 MANUFACTURES. sixth in value of products, was forty-fifth ia number of wage earners and forty-second in value added by manufacture. In the three industries mentioned and in others of less importance the cost of materials repre- sents a large proportion of the total value of products and, as these industries require relatively few wage earners, the value added to the raw material by manu- facture is small as compared with other industries. Oi\ the other hand, silk goods, foundry and machine- shop products, and tobacco manufactures rank higher both in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture than in value of products. Smelting and refining, copper. — In this state the value of all ore smelted and crude copper refined is included in the cost of materials, and the total value of products is reported, whether the materials belonged to the plant reporting or were worked on a toll basis. In 1914 the output of the four plants reporting was valued at $159,198,876, or 11.3 per cent of the total of all manufactures in the state. From 1909 to 1914 the value of products for this industry increased $33,547,789, or 26.7 per cent, and the average niunber of wage earners, 1,022, or 44 per cent; the value added by manufacture, however, decreased $1,378,764, or 20.5 per cent. New Jersey ranked first among the states in the industry at the last f oiir censuses. Petroleum, refining. — ^New Jersey was the leading state in this industry in 1914, reporting 22.9 per cent of the total value of refined petrolemn produced in the United States. During the last decade the aver- age number of wage earners increased 1,457, or 39.2 per cent, and the value of products, $44,268,009, or 95 per cent. Textiles. — ^The textile industries, or industry groups, ranked by value of products in 1914 are silk goods, including throwsters; woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats; cotton goods, including cotton small wares; fur-felt hats; hosiery and knit goods; cordage and twine and jute and linen goods; and carpets and rugs, other than rag. These industries combined gave employment in 1914 to an average of 62,570, or 16.7 percent of the wage earners engaged in the manufactures of the state, and their production was valued at $154,457,463, or 11 per cent of the state's manufactured products. These figures repre- sent an increase over 1909 of 1,923, or 3.2 per cent, in the average nimaber of wage earners and of $21 ,253,006, or 16 per cent, in value of products. Silk goods, including throwsters. — This classification includes the manufacture of plain and fancy broad silks, ribbons, and silk-mixed goods, and the produc- tion of organzine and tram. Although the number of wage earners decreased 2,022, or 6.7 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, the value of products uicreased $10,276,- 899, or 15.7 per cent. In 1914 the 309 estabMshments engaged primarily ux the manufacture of finished goods reported an average of 25,891 wage ucts valued at $71,340,648, or 91.6 per cent and 94.2 per cent, respectively, of the corresponding totals for the state. New Jersey held first place among the states in the manufacture of silk goods in 1909 and 1904, but in 1914 it dropped to second rank, having been displaced by Pennsylvania. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. — This group of industries includes chiefly the manufac- ture of woolen and worsted suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods, worsted yarn, and felt goods. New Jersey ranked fourth among the states in 1914 in the manufactures comprised in this classification. For the last five-year period, there is shown an increase of 1,812,' or 14.3 per cent, in the number of wage earners, and of $2,329,924, or 6.9 per cent, in the total value of products. The woolen and worsted goods branch of the industry reported 14,280 wage earners and products valued at $35,738,853, constituting 98.7 per cent and 98.5 per cent of the respective totals for the entire industry group in the state. Dyeing and finishing textiles. — Closely related to the several textile industries is the dyeing and finish- ing of textiles, which embraces the bleaching, dyeing, and mercerizing of raw fiber, yarns, and woven cloth, as well as the printing of cotton piece goods. A con- sider'able number of textile mills carry on one or more of these subordinate processes with the primary manufacturing in the sa-me establishment; therefore, the statistics for the independent establishments en- gaged in dyeing and finishing do not represent the fuU extent of the industry. During the last five years the number of wage earners employed in the industry increased by 1,554, or 15.3 per cent, and the value of products by $12,190,724, or 77.2 per cent. Foundry and machine-shop products. — ^This industry group comprises foundries and machine shops and aUied industries, such as the manufacture of engines, gas meters, hardware, plumbers' supplies, steam fit- tings, steam pumps, structural ironwork, and cast- iron pipe, and the repairing of automobiles. Estab- lishments that manufactiu-e a distinctive product, which is the subject of a specific classification, such as cash registers, sewing machines, and electrical ma- chinery, are not included. The 908 establishments shown for this industry group manufactured products valued at $74,126,941, or 5.3 per cent of the total manufactures of the state and gave employment to 31,057 wage earners, or 8.3 per cent of the total wage earners. Dyring the last five years, there was an in- crease of 11.7 per cent in number of wage earners and 13.3 per cent in value of products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. — New Jersey ranked fifth in the manufacture of elec- trical machinery, apparatus, and suppHes in 1914 and third in 1909. The industry shows substantial growth From 1909 to 1914 the average mun- NEW JERSEY. 899 ber of wage earners increased 3,306, or 29.8 per cent, and the value of products, $12,375,433, or 43.6 per cent. Slaughtering and meat pacMng. — This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments and those engaged in the manufacture of sausage only. The industry developed rapidly during the decade 1904-1914, the total value of prod- ucts having more than doubled. Jersey City, the center of the industry, reported 62.9 per cent of the total value of the products of the industry in the state in 1914. The products of the slaughtering and meat-packing branch of the industry in 1914 were valued at $38,809,339, and the sausage, at $1,299,132. Tobacco manufactures. — ^For 1914 there were re- ported 13 estabhshments engaged in manufacturing chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff and 381 cigar and cigarette factories. From 1909 to 1914 the average number of wage earners increased 67.2 per cent and the value of products, 64.2 per cent. During that period the cigars and cigarettes manufactured practically doubled in value. Ohemicah. — ^This classification includes the manu- facture of acids, sodas, alums, coal-tar products, cyanides, bleaching materials, plastics (celluloid, etc.), compressed or hquefied gases, alkaloids, etc., when they are the chief product of the establishment reporting. Chemicals maniifactuxed as subsidiary products in establishments classified under other heads are not included, and establishments engaged prima- rily in the manufacture of sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids are grouped under a specific head. From 1909 to 1914 this industry reported an increase of 1,230, or 24.4 per cent, in number of wage earners and $8,862,725, or 38.8 per cent, in value of products. New Jersey ranked second among the states in this industry in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Leather, tanned, curried, dnd finished. — In 1914 New Jersey was the fifth state in the manuf actxire of leather, with a production valued at $31,651,831. This amoimt represents an increase of $3,220,876, or 11.3 per cent, over 1909. The value of products formed 8.6 per cent of the total shown for the industry ia the United States ia 1914, 8.7 per cent in 1909, and 8.5 per cent in 1904. Rubier goods, iwt dsewhere specified. — ^This classifi- cation includes the manufacture of rubber clothing, automobile, carriage, and bicycle tires, mechanical rubber goods, etc. It does not include the manufac- txu-e of rubber boots and shoes, rubber belting and tose, or suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. The industry shows an increase of 48.4 per cent in lumber of wage earners and 30.3 per cent in value of products from 1909 to 1914. Measured by value of products. New Jersey was second in the industry in. 1914 and 1909. Manufacture from precious metals. — ^The ^jmuf ac^i g ana ture of jewelry is closely allied to sUversmimu silverware and the reducing and refining of gold and silver from clippings, sweepings, and scrap. In 1914 these three industries gave employment to 4,769 wage earners and manufactured products valued at $24,- 309,269. Jewelry, which represented 46.7 per cent of the value reported for this group, showed a loss during the five-year period 1909-1914 of 15 per cent in wage earners and 14.5 per cent ia value of products, while gold and silver, reducing and refiniag, not from the ore, representing 41.4 per cent of the group, increased 59.8 per cent in wage earners and 127.2 per cent in value of products. BricJc, tile, pottery, and other clay products. — ^This in- dustry gave employment to 13,011 wage earners and reported products valued at $16,693,447 in 1914. For the period 1909-1914 there was a decrease of 1.6 per cent in number of wage earners, 3 per cent in value of products, and 5.4 per cent in value added by manu- facture. In these manufactures New Jersey held third place among the states in 1914, 1909, and 1904. (Soap-^— Measured by value of products. New Jersey ranked third among the states in the manufacture of soap ia 1914 and fourth in 1909. In 1914 this indus- try gave employment to an average of 2,057 wage earners and reported products valued at $16,692,406. From 1909 to 1914 the nxmaber of wage earners in- creased 28.6 per cent, and the value of products, 22.1 per cent, but, owing to the increase in the cost of ma- terials, the value added by manufacture decreased 10 per cent. Paint and varnish. — New Jersey was fourth among the states in this iadustry in 1914. The establish- ments engaged primarily in the manufacture of paint employed 1,333 wage earners and turned out products valued at $10,853,242, 76.7 per cent and 67.5 per cent, respectively, of the totals for the industry as a whole. The value of products for the entire industry showed an increase of $3,319,788, or 26 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. Oilcioth and linoleum. — This industry reported prod- ucts valued at $11,384,311 in 1914, of which $8,653,- 161, or 76 per cent, represented floor oilcloth and liao- leum, and $2,731,150, or 24 per cent, enameled oil- cloth. The value of products increased $1,241,715, dr 12.2 per cent, during the last five years. New Jersey ranked first among the states in the oilcloth and lino- leum industry for the last three census periods, pro- ducing 44.5 per cent of the value of such manufactures in 1914, 43.5 per cent in 1909, and 36.8 per cent in 1904. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. - The sex and age classification of the average nmnber of wage earners in this and other tables is an ferti9i«^yA>yl^^ft^(^ the method described in the planalion of terms." 900 MANUFACTURES. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTTFACTOEING INDUSTKIES. CLA9.S. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All classes . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 431,003 371,265 320,967 278,968 110,036 92,297 74.5 75.1 25.5 24.9 19,257 17,581 18, 626 17,043 631 538 96.7 96.9 3.3 3.1 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried ofl5cers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number).. 8,342 8,204 4,549 4,147 6,366 5,230 38,141 27,461 373,605 326, 223 8,030 7,924 4,367 4,056 6,229 5,063 29,355 21,652 272,986 240,273 312 280 182 •91 137 167 8,786 5,809 100,619 85,950 95.3 96.6 96.0 97.8 97.8 96.8 77.0 78.8 73.1 73.7 3.7 3.4 4.0 2.2 2.2 3.2 23.0 21.2 26.9 26.3 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age. ■368,759 318,685 4,846 7,538 270,999 236,499 1,987 3,774 97,760 82,186 2,859 3,764 73.5 74.2 41.0 50.0 26.5 25.8 59.0 50.0 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 431,003, of whom 373,605 were wage earners; 19,257 were proprietors and officials; and 38,141 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Males predominated in all classes for which statistics are given, except wage earners under 16 years of age, 59 per cent of whom were females. The smallest propor- tion of females, 2.2 per cent, is shown for superintend- ents and managers. There were 368,759 wage earners 16 years of age and over, of whom 270,999 (73.5 per cent) were males and 97,760 (26.5 per cent) were females. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Each of the several classes of employees, except wage earners imder 16 years of age and female superintend- ents and managers, increased from 1909 to 1914. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined (38.9) is shown for clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners imder 16 years of age represented only 1.1 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufactmres in 1914 and 2.1 per cent in 1909. Table 4 All classes . ProOTietors and oiHcials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUKINQ INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 16.1 9.5 1.7 9.7 21.7 38.9 14.5 15.7 -35.7 Male. 15.1 9.3 1.3 7.7 23.0 35.6 13.6 14.6 -47.4 Female. 19.2 17.3 11.4 100.0 -18.0 51.2 17.1 18.9 -24.0 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 4.5 1.9 1.1 1.5 8.8 86.7 85.6 1.1 100.0 4.7 2.2 1.1 1.4 7.4 87.9 85.8 2.1 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 5.8 2.5 1.4 1.9 9.2 85.0 84.4 0.6 100.0 6.1 2.8 1.5 1.8 7.8 86.1 84.8 1.3 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 8.0 91.4 88.8 2.6 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 6.3 93.1 89.0 4.1 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earher census. (See "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase. 1914 1909 1904 296,262 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 431,003 371,265 100.0 100.0 100.0 161 25.3 Proprietors and firm members. Salaried employees , 8,342 49,056 373,605 8,204 36,838 326,223 6,730 23,196 266,336 1.9 11.4 86.7 2.2 9.9 87.9 .32 7.8 89.9 1.7 33.2 14.5 21.9 68.8 Wage earners (average) 22.5 Of the total number of persons engaged in manufac- turing industries in 1914, 1.9 per cent were proprietors and firm members, 11.4 per cent sakried emplqyfies, and 86.7 per cent wage earners. Each of the three classes shows an increase for both five-year periods, but the increase is much greater for the first half of the decade than for the latter. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows for some of the important industries separately a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. There was little change from 1904 to 1914 in the proportion which men represented of the total wage earners reported for all industries combined. The proportion of women, however, increased from 23.6 per cent of the total in 1904 to 26.2 per cent in 1914. Wage earners imder 16 years of age decreased from 8,002 in 1904 to 4,846 in 1914, or from 3 per cent of - -the total tpA-3 per cent. Microsor"^ NEW JERSEY. 901 rable 6 All industries.. Automobiles, including todies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products BricE, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Buttons Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carriages and wagons and materials . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rauroad companies. Cement Chemicals Clothing, men's, itfoluding shirts.. Clothing, women's I^ooperage and wooden goods, not else- where specified. 3opper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. 3orsets ilotton goods, including cotton small wares ^tlery and tools, noc elsewhere specified iyeing and flnishihg textiles ". Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. rancy articles, not elsewhere specified i'ertilizers 'oundry and machine-shop products 'umishing goods, men's Census year. 'as and electnc fixtures and lamps and Jefleotors. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914- 1909 1914 1909 191; 191 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 19G9 1914 1909 1914 1909 mi 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.i 373,605 326, 223 266, 336 2,520 1,024 4,080 4,232 2,176 2,142 1,236 1,265 5,712 4,936 13,011 13, 220 1,773 2,261 3,164 1,818 872 884 1,168 1,601 6,835 6,604 1,012 1,445 6,276 5,046 8,217 6,994 5,423 4,216 1,583 1,263 917 1,046 5,233 5,002 3,151 3,025 2,592 1,845 7,394 6,638 2,693 2,208 11, 683 10,129 14, 405 11,099 1,122 1,112 1,530 1,208 31,057 27,815 4,144 2,458 2,206 1,884 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 72.5 72.5 73.4 97.4 98.7 62.0 60.8 30.6 32.3 97.4 97.5 91.5 93.7 89.2 90.3 67.1 48.6 38.8 65.2 69.1 99.7 99.9 99.9 99.1 99.7 90.5 90.3 37.8 31.5 16.7 9.0 34.4 41.4 98.0 99.7 83.7 80.0 44.2 45.9 8.4 8.2 44.8 38.1 85.6 88.9 83.8 85.6 68.0 59.9 69.5 68.9 96.0 96.5 12.5 10.5 44.4 55.9 Fe- male. 26.2 25.2 23.6 2.3 0.8 37.0 36.3 66.3 61.1 0.4 1.4 7.4 4.9 31.9 31.4 50.6 60.8 33.5 29.2 0.8 0.2 0.3 9.4 8.7 60.1 81.6 87.6 61.9 53.2 0.2 0.2 15.1 15.1 53.2 90.0 87.4 49.6 52.9 10.7 8.7 15.6 13.4 31.4 39.3 29.1 28.7 0.5 1.2 3.5 2.8 84.9 84.0 53.8 37.0 Un- der 16 years of age. 1.3 2.3 3.0 0.3 0.5 1.0 2.9 3.1 6.6 2.2 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.0 3.6 0.8 0.4 1.3 1,7 0.3 0.1 (') 0.1 0.3 0.1 1.0 2.1 2.1 1.6 3.4 3.7 5.4 1.7 0.1 1.1 4.9 2.5 1.5 4.4 5.6 8.9 3.7 2.4 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.7 1.4 2.4 0.4 0.7 2.6 6.5 1.8 7.1 INDUSTEY. Gas, illuminating and heatmg Glass Hats, fur-felt : . Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Tewelry Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber and titnber products Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Oilcloth and hnoleum Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat biulding Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, copper Soap Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids Tobacco manufactures Wall paper, not made m paper mills Wirework,raoluding wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAENEHS. num- ber.i 2,205 1,917 5,784 5,661 4,401 4,657 4,025 2,606 4,639 4,671 3,408 4,008 1,669 1,813 5,108 5,560 2,688 2,125 4,892 4,857 1,080 1,479 5,573 4,120 1,960 1,393 2,190 2,123 1,737 1,493 2,927 2,223 1,271 1,006 5,433 5,451 6,316 4,255 6,324 4,869 28,263 30,285 2,197 1,817 3,344 2,322 2,057 1,599 434 15,830 9,466 963 782 1,045 1,126 14, 464 12,652 77, 828 65, 144 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 99.9 94.7 93.0 75.1 77.6 37.3 37.2 99.4 76:4 72.4 74.4 74.5 97.8 97.3 97.2 98.2 100.0 24.9 20.8 80.8 85.4 97.6 97.9 92.2 92.2 93.3 91.5 60.0 51.3 81.9 81.5 87.2 85.9 100.0 100.0 46.7 43.5 95.8 95.7 100.0 100.0 71.8 66.4 100.0 100.0 20.6 24.7 81.1 80.5 42.6 44.5 85.1 83.2 Fe- male. 0.1 0.1 3.2 1.9 24.6 20.7 69.4 58.0 0.2 0.5 22.7 23.4 24.7 22.2 2.1 1.0 0.1 w 2.2 1.2 72.2 74.7 19.0 13.9 1.0 0.7 7.4 7.6 6.0 7.2 46.3 45.3 16.7 16.5 11.1 12.4 8 51.2 52.9 4.0 4:2 28.0 31.1 74.3 70.2 12.0 12.9 15.5 17.9 65.7 60.9 14.4 15.2 Un- der 16 years of ' For method of estimatmg the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms " 2 Less tlian one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2.2- 6.1 0.3 1.7 3.3 4.9 0.1 0.9 4.1 0.8 3.3 0.1 1.7 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.1 2.9 4.5 0.3 0.7 1.5 1.4 0.5 0.1 0.6 1.3 3.8 3.4 1.4 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.1 3.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 2.4 5.1 5.0 1.6 1.5 3.3 1.6 1.7 4.5 0.5 1.6 In a majority of the industries shown in lales 16 years of age and over predomiaatei iortion o le age group formed the greater ioTal wage earners hx the more im- 902 MANUFACTURES. portant of the textile industries, ia the manufactiire of men's and women's clothing, corsets, millinery and lace goods, men's furnishing goods, fancy and paper boxes, confectionery, and in the canning and preserv- ing and tobacco industries. Although fewer children were employed ia 1914 than in 1909, they represented 5.6 per cent of the wage earners employed in the cotton mills and 5.1 per cent of those iirthe tobacco factories in 1914. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of 33 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 19i)9, and 1904. Statistics for West Orange are not shown separately in order to avoid disclosing indi- vidual operations. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 7 Asbury Park Atlantic City 1.. Bayonne Bloomfleld , Bridgeton , Camden East Orange Eliiabeth Englewood , Gameld Gloucester Hackensack Harrison ' Hobokeni Irvington Jersey City Keimy ' Long Branch Millville Montolalr Morristown New Brunswick Newark' Orange' Passaio' Paterscn' Pertb Amboy ' . Phillipsburg Plainneld Trenton Union' West Hoboken.. West New York AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 1914 312 918 10, 150 3,177 2,479 22, 541 1,949 12, 870 91 5,869 1,945 766 7,404 9,290 921 31,021 5,094 410 3,198 382 218 6,448 63,084 2,126 17,142 30,925 9,202 4,359 1,832 19,828 1,479 3,454 2,335 1909 264 786 7,619 2,957 2,387 16,527 12,737 2,530 738 540 25,454 4,001 415 2,761 252 201 5,264 59,885 1,770 14,654 31,981 7,r— 3,432 1,768 18,543 1,855 2,782 1,,— 1904 381 7,057 2,276 12,661 854 12,335 4,040 7,227 20,353 2,767 151 307 4,590 50.697 (') 11,000 28.509 (') 3,148 1,^-" 14, 130 1,856 3,562 16 years of age and over. Male. 1914 206 877 9,079 1,801 i,r- 18, 412 1,335 10,874 74 2,437 739 523 5,802 6,778 790 21,765 4,442 226 2,634 317 190 2.909 44,958 1,636 9,250 18, 456 6,798 3,118 1,466 15,466 844 1,395 1,320 1909 258 764 6,624 1,475 1,«647 12,923 1,042 11,291 1,025 527 4,829 6,821 436 18, 140 3,464 260 2,206 219 177 2,411 42,847 1,337 7,937 18,391 6,584 2,718 1,454 14,751 834 1,127 770 1904 362 6,805 1,665 655 11, 161 2,367 5,273 14,713 763 2,148 120 272 2,347 36,165 m 5,315 18,164 m 2,382 1,466 11, 125 890 1,550 Female. 1914 106 40 1,007 1,321 616 3,987 602 1,957 17 3,258 1,151 236 1,566 2,405 102 9,011 623 180 572 66 24 3,462 17, 159 483 7,684 11,836 2,218 1,173 371 3,832 625 2,016 1,007 1909 6 14 718 1,390 3,142 323 1,408 1,412 1,9 1,8 76 6,866 493 153 411 32 22 2,711 15,308 379 6,296 12, 579 1,340 649 292 3,484 991 1,541 694 1904 12 116 463 2,522 198 1,087 1,657 1,590 5,136 331 445 30 30 2,121 13,093 (') 5,232 9,162 704 523 2>518 868 1,726 Under 16 years of age. 1914 1 64 65 40 142 12 55 7 36 107 29 4 77 967 7 308 633 186 540 10 43 1909 177 92 45 462 21 6 84 223 28 448 44 2 144 1 142 1,730 64 421 1,011 158 65 12 308 30 114 44 1904 7 136 503 1 87 604 209 174 1 5 122 1,439 (') 453 1,183 (.') 62 7 487 98 286 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 66.0 95.5 89.4 56.7 73.5 81.7 68.5 84.5 81.3 41 38.0 68.3 78.4 73.0 86.8 IN' 8^2 55.1 79.2 83.0 87.2 45.1 71.3 77.0 54.0 59. 7 73.9 71.5 79.5 78.0 67.1 40.4 56.6 1909 97.7 97.2 88.1 49.9 69.0 78.2 75.2 88.6 40.5 71.4 70.1 73.8 80.7 71.3 86.6 62.7 79.9 86.9 88.1 45.8 71.5 76.5 54.2 57.5 78.8 79.2 82.7 29.6 45.0 40.5 51.1 1904 95.0 96.4 73.2 76.1 76.7 90.5 68.6 73.0 72.3 58.6 77.6 79.5 88.6 61.1 71.3 48.3 63.7 76.7 73.3 78.7 48.0 43.5 Female. 34.0 4.4 9.9 41.6 24.8 17.7 30.9 16.2 18.7 55.5 59.2 30.8 21.2 26.9 11.1 29.0 12.2 43.9 17.9 14.7 11.0 53.7 27.2 22.7 44.2 24.1 26.9 20.3 19.3 42.3 58.4 43.1 1909 2.3 1. 9.5 47.0 29.1 19.0 23.3 11.1 65.8 27.9 28.7 23.3 14.1 27.0 12.3 36.9 14.9 12.7 10.9 61.5 25.6 21.4 43.0 39.3 18.9 18.9 16.6 18.8 63.4 65.4 46.0 1904 3.1 1.6 19.9 23.2 8.8 41.0 22.0 25.2 26.4 16.1 19.9 9.8 46.2 25.8 22.4 26.3 17.8 46.8 48.6 Under 16 years of age. 1914 0.1 0.6 1.7 1.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 2.8 1.0 0.6 1.2 3.1 0.8 0.6 1.0 2.9 2.3 1.8 1.2 1.5 0.3 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.6 0.3 2.7 0.7 1.2 0.3 1909 3.7 0.7 1.2 2.8 5.2 1.8 1.1 0.5 5.2 0.4 1.0 2.7 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.2 2.2 1.9 0.7 1.7 1.6 4.1 2.9 1904 1.8 1.9 6.5 4.0 0.1 0.7 0.4 5.0 2.5 16.0 6.3 0.7 1.6 2.7 2.8 4.1 2.0 0.4 3.4 6.3 8.1 I Figures do not agree with those pubUshed in 1909 because it was necessary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the figures lor 1914. ' Figures not comparable; In all cities, except Garfield, New Brunswick, and West Hoboken, the proportion of adult male wage earners was in excess of that for adult females in 1914 and in 1909. In 1914 the largest proportion of adult males (95.5 per cent) is shown for Atlantic City, the largest proportion of adult females (59.2 per cent) for Gloucester, and the largest proportion of children (3.1 per cent) for Irvington. The employment of children has steadily declined in a majority of the cities, the most pronounced decrease being in Newark. The 540 wage earners under 16 years of age employed in Trenton in 1914 represent an increase of 75.3 per cent over 1909 and of 10.9 per cent during the decade. In this city the children were employed chiefly in tobacco factories. During the last five years aU cities, except Long Branch, Paterson, and Umon, reported an increase in the total average number of wage earners. The highest percentage of increase (132) appears for Garfield and the next highest (70.6) for Irvington. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. 903" Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE I IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. CITY. PEE CENT OF INCREASE 1 IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Hale. Female. of age. 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 190»-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 18.2 140.9 16.8 106.3 43.8 35.0 6.5 7.4 8.9 3.9 4.9 78.0 36.4 30.5 128.2 40.6 62.3 4.3 1.0 3.3 132.0 3.8 83.3 7.4 70.6 28.5 . 17.8 9.1 70.6 52.4 21.9 -25.1 290.9 27.3 207.1 -1.2 -20.2 142.3 14.8 111.0 33.4 37.1 -2.7 22.1 9.5 10.7 -1.1 91.1 42.0 34.1 103.8 28.1 59.1 -2.6 -3.7 1.2 137.8 -0.8 145.1 20.1 104.0 28.5 16.4 10.4 81.2 47.9 20.0 23.3 482.2 28.2 354.0 -13.1 MUlTffle. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 J904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 15.6 15.8 -0.2 153.0 51.6 66.9 -29.0 8.5 -34.6 40.5 22.5 14.7 24.4 5.3 18.1 20.1 55.8 17.0 33.2 8.5 -3.3 12.2 29.9 38.5 27.0 9.0 -7.8 4.2 -11.5 40.3 6.9 31.2 -20.3 -20.3 -0.1 -3.0 .24.2 -21.9 54.8 18.0 14.9 2.7 164.2 44.7 82.5 —30.1 7.3 -34.9 23.9 20.7 2.7 24.3 4.9 18.5 22.4 74.0 16.5 49.3 1.6 0.4 1.2 21.7 30.9 14.7 14.1 ^0.1 -0.1 38.9 4.8 32.6 -5.2 1.2 -6.3 -10.0 23.8 -27.3 71.4 28.5 39.2 -7.6 47 1 Atlantic Citv -36.1 17 2 , 768.1 40.3 519.0 -5.0 33.0 -11.4 50.1 5,8.1 26.9 24.6 204.0 86.4 63.1 80.0 39.0 29.5 130.7 14.6 -5.5 -20.9 19.5 51.3' 30.8 15.7 -52.9 -63.8 30.1- -73.0 "-69." 6 -71.8 -69.3 -8.2 -70.6 -52.0 -38.7 New Brunswick Bridgftton 63.2 27.7 27.8 31.1 12.1 16.9 27.4 45.0 20.4 20.3 29.2 -5.9 37.3 65.5 66.6 80.7 -7.8 -29.1 27.1 -44.2 52.2 10.0 38.4 -28.0 -36.9 14.2 16.8 30.8 -ia7 46.1 36 9 Camden Newark -45.8 16.4 32 8 East Orange OrfVPgn -44.1 20.2 Passaic -32.0 Elizabeth -26.8 7 1 46.5 Perth Amboy -37.4 Hackensack 17 7 Phillipsburg... 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1004-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 Plainfleld Trenton 10.9 75.4 31.2 33.7 88.2 26.4 48.9 17.6 -51.4 -45.3 -11.1 -86.1 "-78.'9 75.3 -36.8 r ■ "■• West Hoboken . . West New York -62.3 -60.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. > Same number reported for both years. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average ntimber employed during each month in 1904, together with the per- centage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. For 1914 the spring months show the greatest activity in the manufactures of the state, the maxi- mum number of wage earners appearing for April and the minimum for December. In 1909 the maxi- mum month was December and the minimum Janu- ary, and in 1904 the maximum was October and the minimum January. The widest variation between the months of greatest and Jeast activity in any one of the three census years was 30,231, or 8.8 per cent of the maximum, in 1909. Table 9 January. . . February - March April May June July August.... September. October November. December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTUBING INDUSTRIES. Number.' 1914 375,612 377,720 381,166 383,830 383,376 379,332 371,217 367,483 372,481 372, 664 362,322 356,057 1909 313, 158 313,216 318,401 321,883 321,878 321,969 318,216 323,506 334,710 341,569 342,786 343,389 1901 259, 169 262, 295 267,348 269,043 268, 166 264,384 258,671 263,173 272,363 273,689 269,983 267,858 Per cent of maximum. 1914 97.9 9a 4 99.3 100.0 96.7 96.7 97.0 97.1 94.4 92.8 1909 91.2 91.2 92.7 93.7 93.7 93.8 92.7 94 2 97.5 99.5 99.8 100.0 1904 94.7 95.8 97.7 93.3 98.0 96.6 945 96.2 99.5 100.0 98,6 97.9 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, -for the combined Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 904 MANUFACTURES. industries of the state, for a number of selected indus- tries, and for the total industries of each of the 33 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which separate statistics can be shown. Table 10 INDUSTKT AND CITY. All industries . Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Cordage ana twine and jute and linen goo<& Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Foundry and machine-shop products Furnishing goods, men's Glass Hats; fur-felt Hosiery and taut goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolUng mills Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lumber and timber products Millinery and lace goods Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat Duild ing Silk goods, mcluding throwsters Smelting and refining, copper. Tobacco manufactures . Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats All other industries . Total for cities ' . AsBtniT Park., Atlantic City.. Bayonne , BLOOMnELD.... Bbidgeton Camden East Obanqe. euzabeth evqlewood... Oabfield Gloucester.. Hackensack. Harbison HOBOKEN lEVmOTON Jersey City Kearnt Long Branch.. MiLLVILLE MONICLIIR morristown New Brunswick.. Newark Orange Passaic Paterson Perth Ambot. Phillipsbdeg. . . Plainfield WAGE earners: 19U. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 373, 605 4,080 5,712 13,011 3,164 6,835 6,276 8,217 5,423 5,233 3,151 7,394 11,683 14,405 31,057 4,144 5,784 4,401 4,025 4,639 3,408 5,108 4,892 6,573 2,927 6,433 6,316 6,324 28,263 3,344 15,830 14,464 123,099 283,219 Trenton Union West Hoboken. . . W EST New York. 312 918 10,150 3,177 2,479 22,541 1,949 12,870 91 5,869 1,945 766 7,404 9,290 921 31,021 5,094 410 3,198 218 6,448 63,084 2,126 17,142 30,925 9,202 4,359 1,832 19,828 1,479 3,454 2,335 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 376,612 4,371 6,521 11,802 l,B9i 7,260 6,284 8,184 6,371 5,218 3,245 7,266 11, 790 16,208 31,704 4,059 6,7&0 4,421 S,87S 4,751 3,541 6,466 6,050 6,872 2,936 5,446 6,889 6,291 28,801 3,625 15,850 IS, est 123,475 286,923 300 77S 10,780 3,477 2,341 22,761 1,819 14,257 73 5,710 1,861 766 7,662 9,059 924 30,671 5,357 390 3,492 329 212 6,566 64,142 2,231 16, m 31,707 9,314 4,348 1,816 20,029 1,518 3.518 2,457 Febru- ary. 377, 720 4,441 6,609 11,996 1,643 7,173 6,226 8,230 5,597 5,267 3,262 7,431 12, 140 15, 736 31,654 4,171 6,938 4,419 3,881 4,888 3,580 5,357 4,978 6,146 2,903 5,463 6,188 6,190 29; 086 3,645 16,051 14,188 123,344 288,031 292 782 10,494 3,482 2,429 23,135 1,792 13,909 72 6,873 1,875 763 7,655 9,007 926 31,341 5,119 396 3,510 SH 225 6,583 64,161 2,172 16,652 31,936 9,416 4,387 1,874 20,039 1,614 3,525 2,513 March. 381,166 3,954 5,540 12,289 1,731 6,918 6,377 8,250 5,863 5,186 3,327 7,495 12, 261 15,634 31,776 4,182 7,040 4,386 3,936 4,913 3,588 6,454 4,844 6,099 2,899 6,474 6,324 29,287 3,633 16,456 14,638 125,022 290,396 850 10,343 3,430 2,677 23,113 1,888 13,826 99 5,904 1,873 758 7,677 9,147 920 32,253 5,052 417 3,667 340 215 6,681 64,290 2,136 16,836 32,097 9,679 4,356 1,920 20,281 1,526 3,535 2,484 itTlrSnge, April. 383,830 4,107 5,600 13,552 1,880 6,704 6,372 8,197 6,847 5,506 3,258 7,627 12,180 15,327 32,072 4,183 6,977 4,276 4,020 4,840 3,677 5,276 4,996 6,848 2,994 5,337 6,656 6,623 29,526 3,683 16, 197 14,605 126,189 291,473 876 10,576 3,342 2,521 22,781 2,032 13,756 100 5,600 1,898 799 7,818 9,512 922 31,921 5,233 430 3,630 373 228 6,618 64,773 2,069 17,168 32,258 9,841 4,433 1,855 20,248 1,510 3,663 2,469 May. 383, 376 4,157 5,700 14,271 1,846 fi,««9 6,421 8,259 5,534 5,389 3,231 7,672 11,863 14,990 32,188 4,208 6,715 4,022 4,698 3,558 5,316 4,920 5,374 2,931 5,514 6,846 6,790 29,674 3,608 16,223 14,669 125,886 290,698 338 979 10,-551 3,131 2,581 22,589 2,046 13,706 97 B,US 1,888 836 7,856 9,727 951 31,8a5 5,165 448 3,573 414 226 6,547 64,163 i,oei 17,613 31,980 10,026 4,478 1,889 20,192 1,464 3,569 2,373 June. 379,332 4,117 6,771 14,359 2,629 6,656 6,286 8,228 5,141 5,458 3,083 7,423 11,562 14,603 31,927 4,203 5,911 4,315 3,997 4,491 3,471 5,115 6,117 5,212 2,920 5,518 6,827 29, 126 3,627 15,639 14,644 125,061 287,375 351 1,042 10,464 3,199 2,590 22,427 2,031 13,574 97 5,510 1,925 797 7,667 9,651 985 31,107 5,081 454 3,363 432 240 6,453 63,530 2,080 17,392 31,394 9,904 4,559 1,868 19,902 1,471 3,504 2,341 July. 371,217 4,043 5,875 14,353 2,422 6,714 6,991 8,069 i,e66 5,347 3,022 7,441 11,435 14,082 31, 721 4,186 3,888 4,445 4,027 4,527 3,279 4,963 6,014 i,87S 2,933 5,383 6,621 6,687 28,410 3,591 15, 441 14,516 123,272 281,885 375 1,126 10,371 3,148 2,467 22,359 2,000 13,545 97 5,664 1,807 772 7,621 9,380 937 30,326 5,026 452 2,847 422 227' 6,220 61,662 2,077 17,393 30,563 9,851 4,634 1,765 19,727 1,477 3,319 2,229 August. 367,483 4,134 5,933 14,098 4,109 6,730 6,105 8,240 6,077 6,267 S,017 7,497 11,543 13,417 31,649 4,077 1,88S 4,485 4,071 4,423 3,414 4,866 4,910 6,004 2,944 6,Bi.1 6,174 6,259 28,246 3,337 15,952 14,286 121,113 277,689 1,112 9,SSg 3,167 1,708 22,258 1,867 13,110 96 5,850 1,872 668 7,330 9,124 922 30,577 4,94S 446 1,884 415 227 6,067 62,223 2,113 17,183 30,584 9,279 4,609 1,733 19,451 1,470 3,399 2,214 Septem- ber. 372, 481 3,961 5,848 13,587 8,092 6,778 6,301 8,466 5,452 5,348 3,114 7,489 12,019 13,156 30,481 4,174 3,242 4,566 4,110 4,664 3,373 4,998 4,909 6,716 2,939 5.347 6;i21 B,92t 27,857 2,857 15,962 14,663 120.981 279,176 304 1,004 9,811 3,102 2,194 22,462 1,806 11,399 96 6,105 2,111 770 7,084 9,066 31,420 5,043 433 2,307 425 219 ,6,335 62,907 2,140 17,672 30,625 8,683 4,517 1,668 19,446 1,471 3,485 2,274 Octo- ber. 372,664 3,858 6,772 13,014 6,688 6,818 6,327 8,213 5,655 6,308 3.105 7,214 11,706 13,009 30,004 4,229 6,386 4,657 4,210 4,596 3,214 4,978 4,823 5,772 2,927 5,556 6,123 5,958 27,361 11,776 15,760 14,843 121,906 280,732 281 876 10,010 2,931 2,796 22,218 2,023 11,218 97 6,206 2,177 791 7,070 9,360 935 31.376 5,191 381 3,429 407 217 6,498 62,684 2,167 17,964 30,231 8,252 4,302 1,766 19,758 1,436 3,429 2,267 Novem- ber. 362,322 S,8!4 6,730 11,998 3,429 6,825 6,350 8,160 5,689 4,939 3,093 7,082 10,961 13,204 18,683 4,105 6,884 4,365 4,130 4,472 3,161 4,851 4,650 5,526 2,898 6,677 6,013 5,926 25,937 2,763 15,461 14,678 121,058 274,320 267 808 9,714 2,860 2,956 22,225 2,018 11,061, 95 6,217 2,083 766 6,769 9,261 880 30,493 4,946 SU 3,410 374 19,428 1,454 3,359 2,218 Decem- ber. 366,067 3,983 5,745 10,814 1,787 6,816 6,272 8,128 5,294 4,673 3,055 7,091 10,746 13,494 28,825 3,961 6,754 4,304 4,023 4,418 S,liO 4,867 4,m 5,435 2,900 5,339 5,984 6,092 26,846 2,984 14,968 14,257 119,881 «70. ISO 261 786 9,365 2,866 2,488 22, 1S4 2,o«e 11,056 73 6,347 1,980 9,187 866 28,968 4,970 340 3.384 191 189 6,469 6,449 61,607 60,886 2,129 2,134 17,097 16,673 29,033 S8,69S 8,144 8,136 S,818 3,887 1,874 1,956 19,436 1,438 S,26S 2,181 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 1 operations. NEW JERSEY. 905 A majority of the industries, for which separate Sgures are given ia Table 10, shows stability of em- ployment during 19 14, the variation for all industries combined berag only 7.2 per cent between the number of wage earners reported for the months of maximum and minimum employment. Canning and preserving shows the greatest fluctuation, the number of wage earners employed in January being but 19.7 per cent of the number employed in September, when the canning season is at its height. The manufacture of glass also shows great variation, the number of wage earners in August being only 26.7 per cent of the number in March. The manufacture of paper and wood- pulp furnishes regular employment to almost the entire number of wage earners engaged in the industry, Ihe TniniTmmfi forming 96.8 per cent of the maximum. Of the 33 cities, MiUviUe shows the greatest fluctua- tion, the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being only 51.3. The greatest stability of employment is shown for Trenton, for which the percentage was 95.8, while for Camden, Newark, Union, Hoboken, Orange, Kearny, New Brunswick, West Hoboken, Passaic, and aU cities combined it was more than 90 per cent. i'revailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 'inhabitants, for which separate statistics can be given. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. Fable 11 INDIISTKT AND CITY. AU industries Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings 3read and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 3amiing and preserving jSxs and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com panies. chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Jopper, tin, and sheet-Iron products k)rdage and twine and jute and linen goods !otton goods, including cotton small wares )yeing and finighTf^g textiles. Slectrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 'oundry and machine-shop products. burnishing goods, men's . (lass lats, fur-felt -. [osiery and knit goods : "on and steel, steel works and rolling mills jwehy Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 AVERAGE NTJMBEE OF WAGE EAKNEKS. Total. 373,605 326,223 4,080 4,232 5,712 4,936 13,011 13,220 3,154 1,818 6,835 6,604 6,278 5,046 8,217 6,994 5,423 4,216 5,233 5,002 3,151 3,025 7,394 11,683 10,129 14,405 11,099 31,057 27,815 4,144 2,458 5,784 5,651 4,401 4,657 4,025 2,606 4,639 4,671 3,408 4,008 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. 16,189 250 14 465 266 1,897 812 221 149 779 1,002 25 6 638 661 277 43 775 7 4 262 147 1,121 328 111 25 864 1,007 700 619 73 24 621 157 Between 48 and 54. 62,279 25,713 320 12 123 39 2,177 2,106 177 82 3,659 1,337 91 20 1,935 951 2,464 1,305 474 58 912 3,638 107 3,857 1,883 678 3,602 2,461 3,075 3,295 171 109 1,842 225 607 464 60,538 45,861 4 71 1,536 670 3,787 2,012 203 97 1,661 1,490 65 90 771 447 1,491 1,197 1,220 551 221 301 159 60 4,878 4,160 10,434 11,753 25 618 918 420 245 108 363 107 579 1,007 1,077 1,652 Between 54 and 60. 177,308 173,701 3,475 3,680 411 306 2,348 3,298 1,485 485 1,032 3,457 2,804 4,712 4,574 1,061 1,511 2,574 3,295 2,707 2,671 6,651 5,537 9,203 6,194 5,223 6,561 12,944 9,507 3,330 1,748 374 366 3,328 2,140 1,067 2,134 1,201 1,582 80. 32,349 49,716 31 455 2,931 2,922 2,734 4,993 1,064 988 134 1,115 992 161 381 104 160 190 199 220 52 691 1,098 1,402 2,968 404 104 2,173 4,343 67 151 7 269 90 126 1,151 224 2 153 Between 60 and 72. 7,051 7,611 192 548 515 990 435 198 870 726 3 1,081 72. 3,523 2,461 40 ■173 168 74 249 Over 72. 2,259 4,971 87 155 920 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 906 MANUFACTURE^; Table 1 1— Continued. INDDSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF "WAGE EARNERS. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours oj labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. Between 54 and 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lumber and timber products Millinery and lace goods Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building Silk goods, including throwsters Smelting and refining, copper Tobacco manufactures Woolen, worsted, and Jelt goods, and wool hats.. All other industries Total for cities ' . ASBUBT Park . Atlantic Citt.. Bayonne Bloomfieid Beidgeton Camden East Orange. Elizabeth Englewood... Oabfield Gloucester . . Eackensack . Harrison HOBOKEN Ibvington Jersey City Kearny , Long Branch.. Millville Montclaib moeristown New Brunswick.. Newark Orange Passaic Pateeson Perth Ambot. phi14.ipsbubg... Pladwield Trenton Union West Hoboken. .. West New York. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 191-4 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 5,108 5,660 4,892 4,857 5,673 4,120 2,927 2,223 5,433 6,451 6,316 4,255 6,324 4,869 28,263 30,285 3,344 2,322 15,830 9,466 14,464 12,662 123,099 106,438 283,219 19,828 1,479 3,454 2,335 110 180 634 728 53 114 341 246 726 205 66 115 1,426 1,371 2,210 523 78 3,509 3,251 1,065 160 929 1,141 1,139 15 652 191 1,532 477 624 640 41 10 669 1,278 534 190 792 3,592 4,578 1,561 1,095 2,761 2,904 394 285 315 2,571 1 340 26,148 29,448 1,915 1,005 712 603 205 4,848 24,362 153 26,603 7,834 48,825 812 486 13 23,614 14,429 48,042 12,908 6,562 14,444 11,747 43,707 52,649 137,363 782 442 566 760 360 483 438 194 83 79 1,460 1,669 2,910 16 128 637 1,238 602 1,499 7 744 12,629 18,518 18,269 707 726 1,084 4,369 2,038 312 46 918 213 10,160 43 3,177 124 2,479 964 22,641 4,407 1,949 117 12,870 686 91 16 5,869 22 1,945 1,381 766 112 7,404 563 9,290 1,344 921 48 31,021 1,709 5,094 , 26 410 S3 3,198 8 382 68 218 58 6,448 304 63,084 6,890 2,126 230 17,142 379 30,925 1,194 9,202 168 4,359 32 1,832 77 2,540 277 174 60 109 66 301 91 213 1,058 117 8,874 4 2 2 27 2,146 2,065 145 4,888 1,674 211 2,004 53 367 11,611 1,652 763 619 187 414 414 7,740 435 232 89 303 6,817 1,661 261 7,103 982 1,028 28 37 21 18 1,841 902 227 6,301 115 23 8 27 29 1,323 11,361 30 456 2,091 28 649 3,025 32 677 483 5 1 1,464 1,243 ' 674 7,432 683 1,792 24 5,204 320 553 2,060 4,398 481 13,686 2,837 6 1,104 51 11 4,303 28,048 279 14,275 27,751 5,752 3,154 637 5,418 378 2,289 1,060 62 220 174 8 339 1,134 49 430 16 604 216 52 800 469 20 3,414 442 27 64 18 61 147 4,110 24 1,654 718 822 713 50 780 244 74 325 11 54 317 1,355 1 •34 782 1 60 10 175 2 3 892 H 1 182 162 195 90 8 915 843 2,149 1,344 1,323 224 ^ Excludes West Orange, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures in this table emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working-day of wage earners. In 1909, 87,763, or 26.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estabUshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 54 or less per week, as compared with 151,115, or 40.4 per cent, in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners in estabhshments where the prevailing working hours were 60 or more per week decreased from 64,759, or 19.9 per cent, in 1909 to 45,182, or 12.1 per cent,- in 1914. The group of wage earners in establishments operating between 54 and 60 hours per week was the most important at both censuses, reporting 173.,701, or 53.2 per cent of the total, in 1909 and 177,308, or 47.5 per cent, in 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. 907 Among the separate industries, the most pro- nomice'd decrease in hours of labor occurred in ship- building concerns. In 1909 only 7 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in establish- ments where the prevailing hours of labor were fewer than 54 per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 90.4 per cent. Changes of the same character took place in steam-railroad repair shops and in the manufacture of brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. In the woolen, worsted, felt goods, and wool-hat factories, 99.9 per cent of the wage earners and in the silk miUs 92.5 per cent were employed from 54 to 60 hours per week in 1914. In the printing and pub- lishing and shipbuilding, including boat building, in- dustries, 48 hours or less prevailed for a majority of the wage earners, while the greater proportion of the wage earners in bakeries worked 60 hours per week. Of the combined total average nimiber of wage earners in the 33 cities shown in the table, 91.3 per cent were in • estabhshments where the prevailing hours of labor were less than 60 per week. In a number of the cities, as in the state, the largest proportion of wage earners was in establishments oper- ating between 54 and 60 hours per week, the highest percentage in this class, 89.7 per cent, being reported for Paterson, where the manufacture of silk is the principal industry. In Elizabeth 69 per cent of the wage earners were in establishments where the pre- vailing hours of labor were between 48 and 54 per week, while the largest proportion in the 54-hour group (67.2 per cent) appears for Bayonne. location of establishments. — ^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in New Jersey were centralized in the cities ' having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Cen- CITIES HAVINCr A POPXILATtON OF 10,000 OB OTEE. DISTKICTS OF aims A POPULA 10,000 OB OUTSIDE HAVINQ Total. 10,000 to 26,000 25,000 to 100,000 100,000'and over. nON OF OVEB.' sus year. Aggregate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or " amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 33 32 24 1,837,804 1,635,863 1,125,018 65.3 64.5 59.7 19 18 14 317,540 271,936 218,271 11.3 10.7 11.6 9 11 7 493,636 623,079 349,073 17.5 24.6 18.5 5 3 3 1,026,628 740,848 557,674 \ 2,815,663 2,537,167 1,883,669 36.5 29.2 29.6 977,859 901,304 758,651 34.7 35.6 40.3 Numbei of estabUshiuents ^ . . 1914 1909 1899 9,742 8,817 6,415 6,869 5,954 4,253 70.5 67.5 66.3 1,045 838 585 10.7 9.5 9.1 1,305 1,812 1,072 13.4 20.6 16.7 4,519 3,304 2,596 46.4 37.5 40.6 2,873 2,863 2,162 29.5 32.5 33.7 Average number of wage earners. . 1914 1909 1899 373,605 326,223 213,975 283,219 249,834 160,842 75.8 76.6 75. 2 48,719 40,845 24,567 13.0 12.5 11.5 67,101 91,669 47,464 18.0 28.1 22.2 167,399 117,320 88,811 44.8 36.0 41.5 90,386 76,389 63,133 24.2 23.4 24.3 1914 1909 1899 $1,406,633,414 1,145,529,076 553,005,684 $1,090,474,035 896,496,813 419,801,662 77.5 78.3 75.9 $135,580,866 102,081,119 53,854,751 9.6 8.9 9.7 $374,689,064 394,489,798 131,787,132 26.6 34.4 23.8 $580,204,105 399,925,896 234,159,779 41.2 34.9 42.3 $316,159,379 249,032,263 133,204,022 22.5 21.7 24.1 Value added by manufacture 1914 1909 1899 523,168,820 425,495,677 218,279,590 403,982,399 329,712,587 166,024,706 77.2 77.5 76.1 60,955,320 48,057,304 22,625,292 11.7 11.3 10.4 94,710,715 120,408,974 45,331,841 18.1 28.3 20.8 248,316,364 161,246,309 98,067,573 47.5 37.9 44.9 119,186,421 95,783,090 52,254,884 22.8 22.5 23.9 ' Includes West Orange, in 1914, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Census estimate of population for 1914. Table 12 shows that the increase in the manufac- tures of the state was general and extended to both the urban and rural districts. During the fifteen years covered by the table, the value of products for the urban districts represented by the cities of 10,000 inhabitants or over increased 159.7, whde that reported for rural districts increased 137.3 per cent. Comparisons for the cities or for the districts outside are affected by the increase in the population of cities. Gloucester and Englewood each had less than 10,000 inhabitants in 1909, and statistics for these cities were at that date included with those of the outside districts, but in 1914 they were classed with the places having a population of 10,000 and over. The increase in the population of Camden and Trenton transferred them from the group of cities having from 25,000 to 100,000 inhabitants to the group with 100,000 and over. The 33 cities, which contained 65.3 per cent of the population of the state, reported 77.5 per cent of the total value of products and 75.8 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The corresponding proportions for 1909 and 1904 differ slightly from those which obtained in 1914. The relative importance in manufactures of each of 33 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by the average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had fewer than 10,000 in- habitants in those years. Statistics for West Orange are omitted in order to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 908 MANUFACTURES. Table 13 CITY. Newark Jersey .City Perth Amboy.. Bayonne Pafersou Camden. Trenton. Elizabeth. Hoboken. . Harrison Garfield Kearny New Brunswick . West New York. Phillipsburg Bloomfield Irvington West Hoboken. East Orange Plainfield.. Bridgeton.. ' Gloucester. Millville. . . Orange Union Atlantic City. Hackensack.. Montclair Long Branch. Asbury Park. Morristown... Englewood . . . ATERAGE NTTMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 1904 63,084 31,021 9,202 10,150 30,925 22,541 19,828 17,142 12,870 9,290 7,404 61094 6,448 2,335 4,359 3,177 921 3,454 1,949 1,832 2,479 1,945 3,198 2,126 1,479 918 766 382 410 312 218 91 1 59,885 26,454 1 7, 082 7,519 I 31,981 16,527 18,543 1 14,654 12, 737 1 7, . — 2,530 14,001 5,264 1,508 3,432 2,957 540 2,782 1,- 1,758 2,387 2,761 > 1,770 •1,855 1786 738 252 415 264 201 50,697 20,353 m 7,057 28,509 12,661 14, 130 11,000 12,335 7,227 4,040 1,303 4,590 3,148 3,562 854 2,276 2,767 (') 1,856 381 151 307 VALtTE 0¥ PRODUCTS. 1914 $210,601,047 164,528,608 148,959,944 98,234,245 78,428,639 71,823,905 64,821,906 53,267,859 31,228,181 23,461,298 17,960,500 16,113,492 15,419,840 14,814,018 13,960,963 11,328,677 8,357,620 7,349,713 6,601,166 5,406,985 5,008,880 4,936,711 4,710,951 4,644,412 4,568,321 4,465,201 2,971,065 2,252,503 1,431,768 1,055,428 765,762 684,266 321, 161 1909 1201,888,259 128,774,978 1118,598,096 73,640,900 169,262,659 , 49,137,874 149,115,211 140,732,557 29,147,334 119,016,310 113,769,877 8,893,710 112,380,445 10,004,802 9,273,717 9,150,227 5,894,710 3,017,824 5,577,439 3,724,879 3,648,746 4,070,508 4,181,824 13,458,907 15,883,402 12,340,291 1,977,966 1,025,685 1,116,663 602,194 724,233 1904 $150,055,227 75,740,934 (') 60,633,761 64,673,083 33,587,273 32,359,946 22,782,725 29,300,801 14,077,305 8,408,924 4,427,904 8,916,983 6,684,173 5,947,267 2,326,552 3,572,134 2,963,840 3,719,417 m 3,512,451 974,835 621,145 704,412 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the figures tor 1914. ' Figures not comparable. With, the exception of Long Branch, Morristown, and Union, each place for which comparative sta- tistics are presented shows an increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914, and all but Elizabeth and West Hoboken show an increase from 1904 to 1909. Newark, the leading city of the state both in population and manufactures, shows an increase from 1909 to 1914 of $8,712,788, or 4.3 per cent, in value of products, and of 3,199 or 5.3 per cent, in the average number of wage earners, the relative increase being much smaller during the last five-year period than during the period from 1904 to 1909. Newark reported 15 per cent of the manufactured products of the state in 1914, and furnished employment to 16.9 per cent of the total number of wage earners. Seven industries in the city had an output exceeding $7,000,000 in value. These industries are the tanning, cunying, and finishing of leather; smelting and refining of copper; the manufacture of foundry and machine- shop products; malt liquors; jewelry; electrical ma- chinery, apparatus, and supplies ; and paint and varnish. The smelting and refining of copper and 10 other indus- tries with products exceeding $1,000,000 in value can not be shown separately.' Other industries with prod- 1 These industries are: Brushes. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cotton goods. Fertilizers. Gas, illuminating and heating. Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore. Hat and cap materials. Signs and advertising novelties. Silversmithing and silverware. Watches, including cases and materials. ucts valued at $4,000,000 and over were the manu- facture of chemicals, bread and other bakery products, slaughtering and meat packing, the manufacture of corsets, printing and pubUshing, and the manufacture of copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. The total value of products reported for Jersey City increased $35,753,630, or 27.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, and the average number of wage earners, 5,567, or 21 .9 per cent. The leading industry of the city was slaughtering and meat packing, the products of which were valued at $25,235,036, or 62.9 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in the state. Five important industries — tobacco manufactures, the refining of sugar, the refining of petroleum, the manufacture of soap, and of bags, other than paper — the statistics for which can not be shown separately, reported a total of 8,501 wage earners and a total value of products amounting to $68,061,647 in 1914, or 27.4 per cent and 41.4 per cent, respectively, of the corresponding totals for the city. Statistics for 14 other industries having products of $1,000,000 or over in value can not be shown without disclosing individual operations.^ Other important industries were foundry and machine-shop products; bread and other bakery products ; ejectricalmachinery, apparatus, and supphes; silk goods; and chemicals. Perth Amboy ranked third in value of manufactured products among the cities of the state in 1914, its high rank being due to the smelting and refining of copper. Other important industries were the manu- facture of copper wire; electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies; and chemicals. Bayonne, the fourtb city of the state in order of importance as measured by value of manufactured products, shows an increase of $24,593,345, or 33.4 per cent, during the last five-year period, and of 2,631, or 35 per cent, in average number of wage earners. In 1914 the leading industries were petroleum, refining; smelting and refining, not from the ore; oil, cotton- seed, and cake; foundry and machine-shop products; and electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. In Paterson the value of manufactured products increased $9,165,980, or 13.2 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, but the average number of wage earners de- creased 1,056, or 3.3 per cent. Paterson ranked first among the cities of the United States in the manu- facture of silk goods in 1914, 1909, and 1904. This industry reported products valued at $44,672,401, or 57 per cent of the total for the city, and gave employ- merit to 16,992 wage earners, or 54.9 per cent of the 2 These industries are: Belting and hose, woven and rubber. Chocolate and cocoa products. Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Cordage and twine. Dyestufls and extracts. Gas and electr*ic fixtures and lamps. Gas, illuminating and heating. Ink, printing. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Iron and steel, steel works and rolling nulls. Liquors, malt. Oil, not elsewhere specified. Pencils, lead. Stoves, including gas and oil stoves. Watches. NEW JERSEY. 909 total number. Other important industries were the dyeing and finishing of textiles, the manufacture of men's clothing, including shirts, and foundry and machine-shop products. Camden shows an increase of $22,686,031, or 46.2 per cent, in value of manufactures and 6,014, or 36.4 per cent, in average number of wage earners, from 1909 to 1 9 1 4 . The leading industries were the manufacture of phonographs and graphophones; canning and pre- serving; leather, tanned, curried, and finished; ship- building; and drug grinding. The manufactures of Trenton increased in value $5,706,695, or 11.6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The leading industries of the city, named in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, were wire; rubber goods; brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products; foundry and machine-shop products; and tobacco. Trenton is one of the leading cities in the United States in the production of brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products and is the center of the manufacture of fine pottery. In 1914 this industry gave employment to 4,911 wage earners and reported products valued at $7,011,248, these figures representing 37.7 per cent and 42 per cent, respec- tively, of the totals for the industry in the state. From 1909 to 1914 the value of products in Passaic increased $12,535,302, or 30.8 per cent, and the average number of wage earners, 2,488, or 17 per cent. The three principal industries of the city in 1914 were the manufacture of. woolen and worsted goods, the dyeing and finishing of textiles, and the manufacture of cotton goods. These industries manufactured products in 1914 amounting to $28,742,598 in value and gave employment to 9,624 wage earners, or 54 per cent and 56.1 per cent, respectively, of the corre- sponding totals for the city. The leading industries in Elizabeth in 1914 were sewing machines; wire; oU, not elsewhere specified; and boot and shoe cut stock. In Hoboken the value of products iacreased $4,444,988, or 23.4 per cent, and the average number of wage earners, 1,407, or 17.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The foundry and machine-shop and ship- building iadustries were the most important in the city. Atlantic City, although having an estimated popu- lation of more than 50,000 in 1914, can not be regarded as a manufacturing center. The manufac- ture of gas is the leading industry of the city. The principal industries of the other incorporated places having a population of more than 10,000 were as follows : Harrison, foundry and machine-shop products and electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies; Gar- field, worsted goods and paper and wood pulp; Keamy, oilcloth and linoleum, chemicals, and slaugh- tering and meat packing; New Brunswick, surgical appliances and tobacco manuf acti^^/fl^^^ ^56^ York, food preparations and silk goods; Phillipsburg, foundry and machine-shop products and silk goods; Bloomfield, electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- phes; Irvington, reducing and refining gold and silver, notfromthe ore ; West'Hoboken, silk goods andmillinery and lace goods ; East Orange, electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supphes; Plainfield, foundry and machine- shop products and automobiles; Bridgeton, glass; Gloucester, gas and electric fixtures; MiUville, glass and cotton goods; Orange, fur-feilt hats'; Union, silk goods and malt liquors; Hackensack, silk goods and wall paper; Montclair, paper goods; Long Branch, men's furnishing goods and gas, Ulmninating and heating; Asbury Park and Morristown, bakeries; and Englewood, paper goods. In West Orange the manu- facture of phonographs and electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies were the leading industries. Character of ownership. — ^Table 14 presents statistics in respect to character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, for the state as a whole, comparative fig- ures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined, and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. There was an mcrease from 1909 to 1914 in the number of estabhshments throughout the state under each form of ownership, but in the average number of wage earners employed and in the value of prod- ucts, corporations alone show a gain. Although only 32.5 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state were under corporate ownership in 1914, they gave employment to 83.8 per cent of the total number of wage earners and manufactured 88.9 per cent of the total value of products. In 1909 this class represented 29 per cent of all estabhshments, em- ployed 78.9 per cent of the total wage earners, and contributed 84.8 per cent of the total value of products. With few exceptions, both in 1914 and 1909, the largest proportion of wage earners and total value of products, in each of the 24 industries shown separately, was reported by establishments under corporate con- trol. In the manufacture of cotton goods, paint and varnish, in the dyeing and finishing of textiles, and in the tobacco industry more than 90 per cent of the total value of products was reported by this class. Bakeries and flour mills and gristmills were, in the main, owned by individuals. In cities having over 10,000 inhabitants, more than 70 per cent of the value of products in 1914, for all industries combined, is shown for corporations, except n Asbury Park, Long Branch, Morristown, 910 MANUFACTURES. Table 14 AVERAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. VAltJE OF PEODOCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBEE or ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— raDUSTKT JlHO) city. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. - Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. « Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 5,152 4,888 3,944 3,166 2,560 1,834 1,424 1,369 1,232 3'3,605 326,223 266,336 30,806 33,306 30,994 313,171 257,252 195,058 29,628 35,665 40,284 8.2 10.2 11.6 83.8 78.9 73.2 7.9 10.9 15.1 $1,406,633,414 1,145,529,076 774,369,025 $75,086,243 83,854,860 67,280,922 $1,250,439,769 971,904,531 617,236,276 181,107,402 89,769,685 89,851,827 5.3 7.3 8.7 88.9 84.8 79.7 5.8 7.9 11.6 Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. 16 21 27 21 15 11 4,080 4,232 269 352 2,871 2,940 940 940 6.6 8.3 70.4 69.6 23.0 22.2 11,204,323 8,041,623 607,706 846,281 8,702,264 5,488,477 1,894,353 1,706,865 5.4 10.5 77.7 68.3 16.9 21.2 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1,134 1,114 49 27 95 76 5,712 4,936 3,753 3,621 1,486 960 473 355 65.7 73.4 26.0 19.4 8.3 7.2 22,310,018 20,085,629 14,592,059 14,778,642 5,935,786 3,885,929 1,782,173 1,421,058 66.4 73.6 26.8 19.3 8.0 7.1 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 72 89 26 17 54 44 8,217 6,994 3,143 2,301 2,529 2,011 2,545 2,682 38.2 32.9 30.8 28.8 31.0 38.3 11,547,363 9,864,646 2,678,319 2,561,457 5,633,256 3,476,901 3,235,789 3,826,288 23.2 26.0 48.8 36.2 28.0 38.8 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 76 52 ■30 20 77 27 5,423 4,216 1,184 1,094 1,953 1,817 2,286 1,305 21.8 25.9 36.0 43.1 42.2 31.0 6,768,076 5,927,091 1,129,445 1,067,950 2,714,158 3,070,861 2. 924, 473 1,788,280 16.7 18.0 40.1 51.8 43.2 30.2 Confectionery 1914 1909 42 39 24 19 9 13 1,583 1,263 166 175 1,234 942 183 146 10.5 13.9 78.0 74.6 11.6 11.6 4,888,601 4,115,533 369,833 456,106 3,810,160 2,975,275 708,608 685, 152 7.6 11.1 77.9 72.3 14 5 16.6 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 105 88 60 54 31 33 5,233 5,002 463 530 4,593 4,218 177 254 8.8 10.6 87.8 84.3 3.4 5.1 12,499,728 11,113,644 1, 147, 746 1,200,443 10,884,278 9, 128, 751 467, 704 784, 450 9.2 10.8 87.1 82.1 3.7 7.1 Cotton goods, including 1914 1909 6 5 19 17 5 4 7,394 6,638 "re" 7,263 6,272 1131 288 "i.'2" 98.2 94.5 1.8 4.3 16, 782, 164 13,728,874 16,549,802 13,208,387 1232,362 403,415 o' 98.6 96.2 I 4 cotton small wares. 117,072 2.9 Dyeing and finishing textiles. 1914 1909 20 19 65 42 13 6 11,683 10,129 386 296 10,821 9,367 476 466 3.3 2.9 92.6 92.5 4.1 4.6 27,986,512 15,795,788 602,065 388,837 26,576,945 14,704,571 807,512 702,380 2.2 2.5 95.0 93.1 2.9 4.4 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 135 180 22 23 39 35 341 453 196 268 67 110 78 75 57.5 69.2 19.6 24.3 22.9 16.6 4,320,424 5,537,678 2,106,028 3,100,648 910,425 1,132,209 1,304,971 1,304,821 48.7 56.0 21.1 20.4 30.2 23.6 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 419 225 348 273 141 93 31,057 27,815 2,991 2,766 26,224 23,394 1,842 1,665 9.6 9.9 84.4 84.1 5.9 6.0 74, 126, 941 65,398,437 5,704,618 5,245,947 64,905,062 57,051,883 3,517,361 3,100,607 7.7 8.0 87.6 87.2 4.7 4.7 Hats, fur-felt 1914 1909 14 22 23 22 4 14 4,401 4^657 "ng" 3,626 2,630 1775 1,308 ■i5."4' 82.4 66.5 17.6 28.1 7,969,344 8,825,217 6,861,258 4,813,212 11,108,086 2,801,454 13.7" 86.1 54.5 13.9 1,210,561 31.7 Hosiery and knit goods. 1914 1909 24 14 • 29 14 9 9 4,025 2,606 444 339 3,391 1,863 190 304 11.0 13.5 84.2 74.3 4.7 12.1 7,849,656 ,3,810,241 783,840 622,769 6,680,666 2,801,027 385, 150 486,455 10.0 13.7 85.1 73.5 4.9 12.S Jewelry. . . 1914 1909 48 35 82 61 46 54 3,408 4,008 366 506 1,987 1,800 1,055 1,702 10.7 12.6 58.3 44.9 31.0 42.5 11,347,455 13,272,004 1,230,296 868,630 6,567,884 6,740,965 3,549,275 5,662,409 10.8 6.5 57.9 60.8 31 3 42.7 Leather goods 1914 1909 64 57 23 25 12 17 1,669 1,813 232 278 1,133 1,323 304 212 13.9 15.3 67.9 73.0 18.2 11.7 4,183,036 4,004,739 824,280 704, 424 2,711,460 2,928,030 647,296 372,285 19.7 17.6 64.8 73.1 15 6 9.3 Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. 1914 1909 23 18 48 45 13 23 6,108 6,560 470 264 3,784 3,984 854 1,312 9.2 4.7 74.1 71.7 16.7 23.6 31.651,831 28,430,955 2,489,572 1,612,248 23,120,483 19, Oil, 119 6,041,776 7,807,588 . 7.9 5.7 73.0 66.9 19.1 27.5 Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 218 261 107 76 67 79 4,892 4,867 1,293 1,543 3,157 2,575 442 739 26.4 31.8 64.5 53.0 9.0 15.2 12,482,553 13, 511, 162 2,587,781 3,326,384 8,896,014 8,345,932 998,758 1,838,846 20.7 24.6 71.3 61.8 8.0 13.6 Millinery and lace goods. 1914 1909 172 126 53 23 51 30 5,573 4,120 1,572 1,463 3,277 2,036 724 62; 28.2 35.6 58.8 49.4 13.0 15.1 10,485,723 6, 895, 339 2,751.706 2,622,472 6,239,995 3,066,372 1,494,022 1,306,495 26.2 36.6 59.5 44.5 14.2 18.9 Paint and varnish 1914 1909 12 12 43 44 5 7 1,737 1,493 ""eo" 1,618 1,119 1119 314 '4.'6' 93.1 74.9 6.9 21.0 16,086,717 12,766,929 15,002,843 10,010,988 11,083,874 2,101,079 "s.'i' 93.3 78.4 6.7 654,862 16.5 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. 1914 1909 66 46 66 53 7 12 1,271 1,005 93 117 1,154 870 24 18 7.3 11.6 90.8 86.6 1.9 1.8 7, 672, 961 5,410,127 581,410 830,559 6,890,612 4,445,674 200,939 133,894 7.6 15.4 89.8 82.2 2.6 2.5 Printing and publish- ing. 1914 1909 445 442 182 137 105 105 5,433 5,451 1,149 1,345 3,743 3,426 541 680 21.1 24.7 68.9 62.8 10.0 12.5 14,083,011 12,332,700 2,614,123 2,679,391 10,191,004 8, 149, 083 1,277,884 1,504,226 18.6 21.7 72.4 66.1 9.1 12.2 Silk goods. Including throwsters. 1914 1909 96 86 183 163 89 99 28,263 30,285 2,447 3,695 20,017 17,710 5,799 8,880 8.7 12.2 70.8 58.5 20.5 29.3 76,706,449 65,429,550 4,973,964 8,396,443 63,986,999 38,648,685 16, 745, 486 18,386,422 6.6 12.8 71.3 59.1 22.1 28.1 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 52 41 22 23 16 20 2,197 1,817 171 183 1,799 1,382 227 252 7.8 10.1 81.9 76.1 10.3 13.9 40,108,471 37,583,395 3,080,998 5; 236, 637 30,506,824 25,846,412 6,620,649 6,600,346 7.7 13.9 76.1 68.8 16.3 17.S Tobacco manufactures. . 1914 1909 333 407 41 19 20 36 15,830 9,466 611 1,549 14,875 7,690 344 227 3.9 16.4 94.0 81.2 2.2 2.4 39,695,997 24,177,343 1,370,801 3,103,360 37,735,233 20, 524, 148 689,963 549,835 3.5 12.8 95.1 84.9 L5 2.3 Woolen, worsted, and 1914 1909 4 6 23 20 5 7 14,464 12,652 '"ho 12,069 10,418 12, 395 2,184 '6.' 4" 83.4 82.3 16.6 17.3 36,268,661 33,938,637 29,499,221 27,574,224 16,769,340 6,220,069 "o.'i" 81.3 81.2 18.7 felt goods, and wool hats. 144,364 18.3 Total for oil ies 2... 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 3,464 2,343 1,062 283,219 21,818 237,951 23,450 7.7 84.0 8.3 Sl,090,474,035 $55,023,476 $969,539,104 $65,911,455 5.0 88.9 6.0 AsBimY Park Atlantic CitV Batonne . . . .• Bloomfield 30 69 50 27 44 8 23 53 24 28 6 15 IS 6 11 312 918 10, 150 3,177 2,479 101 229 174 ■■447' 102 627 9,792 2,583 1,883 109 62 184 >594 149 32.4 24.9 1.7 "is." 6' 32.7 68.3 96.5 81.3 76.0 34.9 6.8 1.8 18.7 6.0 765,762 2,971,065 98,234,245 8,357,620 4,935,711 431,111 622,935 584,574 233; 731 2,147,937 97,391,299 6,910,156 3,659,931 100,920 200, 193 258,372 11,447,464 212, 117 56.3 21.0 0.6 'a.'e' 30.5 72.3 99.1 82.7 74.2 13.2 6.7 0.3 17.3 BErOGETON 1,063,663 4.3 Camden East Okanqe Elizabeth Englewood 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 178 29 94 15 20 130 12 74 4 14 37 10 16 "'h' 22,541 1,949 12,870 91 5,869 1,046 106 531 42 69 20,-517 1,754 11,927 49 5,755 978 89 412 "45' 4.6 6.4 4.1 46.2 1.2 91.0 90.0 92.7 53.8 98.0 4.3 4.6 3.2 "'6." 8" 71,823,905 5,406,985 31,228,181 321,161 16,113,492 2,372,608 350,902 1,081,324 151,184 66,372,290 4,841,680 28,277,858 15,887,856 3,079,107 214,403 1,868,999 3.3 6.5 3.5 92.4 89.5 90 6 4.3 4.0 6.0 74,452 0.9 98.6 0.5 Gloucestee 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 13 27 20 111 33 9 12 24 95 1 4 8 52 1,945 766 7,404 9,290 "2i4" 445 214 1,923 640 7,022 8,104 122 1126 168 741 "'i'o' 4.8 98.9 83.6 94.8 87.2 1.1 16.4 2.3 8.0 23.2 4,710,951 2,252,503 17,960,500 23,461,298 7,349,713 4,693,886 1,858,756 17,119,123 20,158,155 1117,065 1 393, 747 394,297 1,628,039 "2."5' 7.1 6.1 97.5 82.5 95.3 86.9 90.7 2 5 Hackensack 17.5 Haeeison. 447, 080 1,675,104 445,057 2.2 6.9 6, 664, 506 24U, 150 3.3 'Incl 3EXC »Fig udes ti*, ludes wi irescaftrl K Ml feOT; 'discio III Svidu ffdm^iddual lUftlgitions. al operations. operations. NEW JERSEY. 911 rable 14— Contd. INDUSTBT AND CITY, rEESET City Keaeny LoNQ Bbanch aiLLVn.LB uontclaib iiosmstown New Brunswick. Newabk Orange Passaic Patesson Perth Ambot PEiuiFSBinia PUINFIELD rSENTON UNION -• West Hoboken... West New Yobk Cen- sus year. 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 NUMBER OE ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY — Indi- Cor- vid- pora- uals. tions. 405 2,14 31 16 17 8 2K 11 25 10 14 11 57 43 1,102 801 46 18 99 62 337 271 67 48 14 20 37 29 208 132 47 14 117 30 53 29 All oth- ers. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 31,021 5,094 410 3,198 382 218 6,448 63,084 2,126 17, 142 30,925 9,202 4,359 1,832 19,828 1,479 3,454 2,335 2,693 100 In establishments owned by— Indi- vid- uals. 241 7,016 209 764 3,624 301 148 319 1,163 182 758 257 Cor- pora- tions. 26, 621 4,986 213 3,066 267 90 5,991 48,911 1,765 14,060 21,571 8,790 4,194 1,143 17,936 1,099 2,140 1,837 All oth- ers. 1,707 8 1197 70 216 7,167 152 2,318 5,730 HI 17 370 729 198 556 241 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 8.7 2.0 1.9 20.2 30.3 3.7 11.1 9.8 4.5 11.7 3.3 3.4 17.4 5.9 12.3 21.9 11.0 Cor- pora- tions. 85.8 97.9 52.0 95.9 69.9 41.3 92.9 77.5 83.0 82.0 95.5 96.2 62.4 90.5 74.3 62.0 78.7 All oth- ers. 5.5 0.1 48.0 2.2 28.4 3.3 11.3 7.1 13.5 18.5 1.2 0.4 20.2 3.7 13.4 16.1 10.3 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Total. $164,528,608 15,419,840 1,055,428 4,644,412 1,431,768 684,266 14,814,018 210,601.047 4,558,321 63,267,859 78,428,639 148,959,944 11, 328, 677 5,008,880 54,821,906 4,465,201 6,601,166 13,960,963 $8,060,681 306,634 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. 194,329 p5 249. 162 496,899 17, 740, 192 884,761 1,412,115 7,488,568 826,482 682, 495 713,025 3,132,335 495,865 1,584,215 535, 694 Corpora- tions. $149,107,178 16,094,606 451,769 4,341,752 291, 519 14,006,391 171,237,604 3,243,273 44,810,180 56,798,084 147, 695, 716 10,663,846 3,714,968 60,387,962 3,622,991 3,867,824 12,804,606 All others. $7,370,749 18,600 1 603, 659 108,331 CT 143,585 310,728 21,623,251 430,287 7,045,664 14,141,997 437, 746 82.336 380,897 1,301,609 346,346 1, 149, 127 620,663 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 4.9 2.0 36.4 3.4 8.4 19.4 2.7 9.5 0.6 5.1 14.2 5.7 11.1 24.0 3.8 Cor- pora- 90.6 97.9 42.8 93.5 42.6 94.5 81.3 71.2 84.1 72.4 99.1 94.1 74.2 91.9 81.1 58.6 91.7 All oth- ers. 4.5 0.1 57.2 2.3 21.0 2.1 10.3 9.4 13.2 18.0 0.3 0.7 11.6 2.4 7.8 17.4 4.4 1 Includes the group "individuals,", to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Size of establisljmeats. — ^The tendency for manufac- tures to become concentrated in large establishments is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. In 1914, 232 establishments, or 2.4 per cent of the total number in the state, reported products exceed- ing 11,000,000 in value, as compared with 194, or 2.2 per cent of the total number, in 1909, and 121, or 1.7 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments em- ployed an average of 162,791 wage earners, or 43.6 per cent of the total for the state, and produced 60.6 per cent of the products as measured by value. In the same year the establishments having products less than $20,000 in value, although representing 62.2 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 2.9 per cent of the total value of products. For the estabhshments having products valued at $1,000,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase at each successive census, from 49.7 per cent in 1904 to 56.7 per cent in 1909 and to 60.6 per cent in 1914. Fable 15 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9,742 4- 8,817 7,010 373,606 326,223 266,336 $1,406,633,414 $1,145,529,076 $774,369,025 $523,168,820 $425,495,677 $303,919,849 ^6SS than $5,000 16,000 to $a),ooo 2,775 3,280 2,163 1,302 232 2,288 3,081 2,063 1 201 •194 1,900 2,424 1,610 955 121 3,560 17,316 44,300 145,638 162,791 3,094 16,218 43,646 137,123- 126,142 2,767 13,928 39,147 128,483 82,011 ■ 7,168,727 34,292,209 96,112,033 416,253,126 852,807,319 5,815,878 32,476,593 90,682,537 366,705,326 649,848,742 4,861,044 24,898,863 72,862,614 286,892,957 384,853,547 4,705,929 19,447,024 49,259,473 195,287,457 254,468,937 3,771,287 18,157,917 46,875,049 168,792,863 187,898,561 3,150,687 13,957,375 38,602,710 138,229,831 109,979,246 120,000 to $100,000 100,000 to $1,000,000.... 1,000,000 and over...... PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 yess than $5,000 6,000 to $20,000 30,000 to $100,000 100,000 to $1,000,000.... 1,000,000 and over 28.5 33.7 22.1 13.4 2.4 25.9 34.9 23.3 13.6 2.2 27.1 34.6 23.0 13.6 1.7 1.0 4.6 11.9 39.0 43.6 0.9 6.0 13.4 42.0 3a 7 1.0 6.2 14.7 48.2 30.8 0.6 2.4 6.8 29.6 60.6 0.5 2.8 7.9 32.0 66.7 0.6 3.2 9.4 37.0 49.7 0.9 3.7 9.4 37.3 48.6 0.9 4.3 11.0 39.7 44.2 1.0 4.6 12.7 45.5 36.2 Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 25 important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture, similar to that presented in Table 15, 'for all industries combined. Of the 25 industries for which statistics are pre- sented, .10 show that more than 90 per cent of the prpd- iicts in 1914 were reported by establishments having products exceeding $100,000 in value, the highest pro- portion — 99 per cent — appearing for woolen, worsted, ffld felt goods, and wool hats; the second highest — )8.1 per cent — ^for electrical machinery, &^ md supplies; and the third highest — 96,7 per 8enW for slaughtering and meat packing. Flour mLUs and gristmiUs reported the lowest proportion — 16.2 per cent — of value of products from estabhshments with products of $100,000 or over. On the other hand, only 3 industries show more than 20 per cent of their value of products as having been reported by estabhsh- ments with products of less than $20,000. The high- est percentage in this group — 40.9 per cent — appears for bread and other bakery products. Seven indus- tries report 1 per cent or less of their products as hav- ing been manufactured by estabhshments in this group, /*te^H^fe?t5S0^^®~^^®"*®'^t^ of 1 per cent— appear - iagioT woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. 912 MANUFACTURES. Table 16 INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABUSH- MENTS. Boots AND SHOES, including CUT stock AND FINDINGS. _ Less than $5,000... J5,000 to $20,000.... »20,000 to $100,000. tl00,000 and over' . Bread and other bakery products 1,278 Less than $5,000 »5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Clothing, men's, includ- INGSmRTS Less than $5,000... $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000., $100,000 and over'. Clothing, women's . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Confectionery . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Copper, hn, and sheet- iron products Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to.$10O,0O0.'. $100,000 and over'. Cotton goods, including Cotton small wares Less than $20,000 «... $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over . . . Dyeing and finishing textiles Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppues. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,u00 to $100,000 $100,uO0 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Flour-mill and gristmill products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Foundry and machine- shop products Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Hats, fur-felt . Less than $5,000. . . $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000-. $100,000 and over ' . Hosiery and knit goods. Less than $5,000. . . $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. 1914 58 238 785 233 22 46 55 22 183 75 76 1909 1,217 217 771 210 19 238 39 I 94 58 5 304 283 185 122 14 62 32 117 81 100 184 176 119 12 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 15.6 15.5 27.6 41.4 100.0 18.6 61.4 18.2 1.7 100.0 19.1 30.3 36.2 14.5 100.0 19.7 43.7 27.9 8.7 100.0 34.7 28.0 20.0 17.3 100.0 29.6 36.2 24.0 10.2 100.0 30.0 26.7 26.7 16.7 100.0 11.2 20.4 27.6 34.7 6.1 100.0 13.2 10.5 23.7 39.6 13.2 100.0 19.9 48.0 29.6 2.6 100.0 33.5 31.2 20.4 13.4 1.5 100.0 7.3 24.4 14.6 53.7 100.0 11.3 29.0 40.3 19 4 100.0 17.0 13.2 32.1 37.7 100.0 17.8 63.4 17.3 1.6 100.0 20.0 32.0 34.0 14.0 100.0 18.2 34.3 33.3 14.1 100.0 16.9 49.3 15.5 18.3 100.0 16.0 46.3 24.0 13.7 100.0 16.4 42.3 11.5 100.0 11.9 19.4 31.3 29.9 7.6 100.0 8.7 18.8 33.3 27.5 11.6 100.0 13.4 49.2 34.0 3.4 16.9 31.1 20.1 2.0 100.0 6.2 19.0 32.8 43.1 100.0 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 4,0 61' 681 3,420 5,712 • 173 2,195 2,148 1,196 8,217 166 792 2,861 4,408 5,423 192 1,334 1,696 2,201 1,583 27 101 237 1,218 5,233 84 278 929 3,942 7,394 32 304 1,417 5,641 11,683 32 152 850 4,676 5,973 14,405 12 4,767 9,291 341 23 119 164 35 31,057 1,513 4,025 15, 210 9,921 4,401 4 51 251 4,096 4,025 1909 4,232 13 87 446 3,686 4,936 178 1,990 1,700 1,068 6,994 138 811 3,201 2,844 4,216 124 576 1,331 2,185 1,263 18 136 181 929 6,002 41 348 3,922 6,638 54 126 2,461 3,997 10,129 18 132 646 3,838 5,495 11,099 3,197 7,316 453 15 133 240 65 27,815 148 1,071 3,861 14,304 8,431 4,657 4 53 793 3,807 2,606 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.4 1.6 14.2 83.8 100.0 3.0 38.4 37.6 20.9 100.0 L9 9.6 34.8 63.6 100.0 3.5 24.6 31.3 40.6 100.0 1.7 6.4 15.0 76.9 100.0 1.6 6.3 17.8 75.3 100.0 0.4 4.1 19.2 76.3 100.0 0.3 1.3 7.3 40.0 61.1 100.0 0.1 0.3 2.0 33.1 64.6 100.0 6.7 34.9 48.1 10.3 100.0 1.2 4.9 13.0 49.0 31.9 100.0 0.1 1.2 5.7 93.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.6 40.3 34.4 21.6 100.0 2.0 1L6 46.8 40.7 100.0 2.9 13.7 31.6 51.8 IflO.O 1.4 10.7 14.3 73.6 100.0 0.8 7.0 13.8 78.4 100.0 0.8 1.9 37.1 60.2 100.0 0.2 . 1.3 6.4 37.9 64.2 100.0 0.3 0.7 4.3 28.8 65.9 100.0 3.3 29.4 55.0 14.3 100.0 0.6 3.9 13.9 51.4 30.3 100.0 0.1 1.1 17.0 81.7 100.0 ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' 246T 1, 736 Se. 6 69. 3' 2 Includes the group value of products. 1914 $11,204,323 22, 615 105, 275 1,001,199 10,076,234 22,310,018 736,629 8,387,360 7,973,190 6,212,839 11,547,363 94,069 508,931 2,106,497 8,837,866 6,768,076 106,524 871,066 2,019,087 3,771,399 4,888,601 61,628 215,024 688,037 3,923,912 12,499,728 164, 129 723,339 2, 137, 116 9,475,144 16,782,164 60,413 543,637 3,260,178 12,917,936 27,986,512 31,902 238,540 1,428,340 9,810,603 16,477,227 40,740,810 28,643 92, 912 634,685 12,730,927 27,253,743 4, 320, 424 1909 $8,041,623 21., 864 84,194 888,628 7,046,937 20,085,629 739,590 8,212,281 6,888,039 4,245,719 9,864,646 83,421 616,854 2,900,784 6,363,687 6,927,091 57,780 370,379 1,721,882 3,777,050 4,115,533 38, 118 346,262 434,603 3,296,560 11,113,644 86,903 804,660 1,644,768 8)577,323 13,728,874 84,880 255,100 5,397,487 7,991,407 15,796,788 23,737 173,127 914,561 6,184,234 8,500,129 28,366,377 18,961 161,367 1,166,688 8,369,203 18,649,168 6,637,678 120,083 1,068,109 2,433,812 698.420 74,126,941 ^7, 726 2,811,929 8, 403, 994 34,621,719 27,541,574 7,969,344 8,957 115, 806 224, 794 7, 619, 787 7,849,566 17,600 97,696 1,234,784 3,149,690 1,055,608 65,398,437 268,563 1,921,962 7,632,400 32,049,781 23,625,731 8,825,217 12, 150 113, 020 906,997 7,793,050 3,810,241 ® 9,750 51,834 070, 196 678, 461 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 0.9 8.9 100.0 3.3 37.6 35.7 23.4 100.0 0.8 4.4 18.2 76.5 100.0 1.6 12.9 29.8 56.7 100.0 L3 4.4 14.1 80.3 100.0 L3 5.8 17.1 75.8 100.0 0.4 3.2 19.4 77.0 100.0 0.1 0.9 6.1 36.1 68.9 100.0 0.1 0.2 1.6 31.2 66.9 100.0 2.8 24.7 66.3 16.2 100.0 1.1 3.8 11.3 46.6 37.2 100.0 0.1 1.6 2.8 95.6 100.0 0.2 2.7 14.6 82.5 100.0 100.0 3.7 40.9 34.3 21.1 100.0 0.8 5.2 29.4 64.5 100.0 1.0 6.2 29.1 63.7 100.0 0.9 8.4 10.6 80.1 100.0 0.8 7.2 14.8 77.2 100.0 0.6 1.9 39.3 58.2 100.0 0.2 . 1.1 5.8 39.2 53.8 100.0 0.1 0.6 4.1 29.5 65.7 100.0 1.8 22.3 56.9 19.1 100.0 0.4 2.9 11.6 49.0 36.1 100.0 value added by manufacture. 0.1 1.3 10.3 100.0 0.3 1.4 28.1 70.3 1914 $3,863,903 12,797 53,213 479,469 3,308,434 9,352,016 313,118 3,458,657 3,207,704 2,372,537 6,318,851 84,342 431,909 1,658,668 4,144,042 3,816,118 84,558 705,885 1,203,281 1,822,394 1,836,597 34,832 101,240 289,316 1,411,209 5,653,557 105,718 418,727 1,120,457 4,008,655 6,666,630 24,564 246,803 1,369,053 6,026,210 14,280,512 23,24% 161, 54r 792,479 5,472,175 7,831,065 20,191,534 17,569 67, 131 329,743 6,419,029 13,358,062 730,413 31,666 217, 734 390,876 90,148 41,551,452 646, 119 1,934,313 5,031,093 20, 142, 492 13,797,435 4,261,302 1909 $3,314,498 12,090 45,116 371,892 2,886,400 7,890,424 313,192 3,264,185 2,632,768 1,680,279 4,788,273 77,826 452,197 1,802,489 2,455,761 3,071,802 44,564 271,883 832,596 1,922,759 1,682,912 21,255 176,507 183,184 1,301,966 4,941,776 68,181 492,941 882,106 3,508,548 5,164,141 43,364 133,933 2,170,895 2,815,959 9,443,092 17,994 125,715 569,897 3,787,977 4,941,509 13,939,862 6,977 80,821 666,455 4,428,746 8,756,853 976,196 21,131 268,407 544,214 162,444 35,458,387 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 1.4 12.4 85.8 100.0 3.3 37.0 34.3 25.4 100.0 1.3 6.8 26.2 65.6 100.0 2.2 18.5 31.5 47.8 100.0 1.9 5.5 15.8 76.8 100.0 1.9 7.4 19.8 70 100.0 0.4 3.7 20.6 75.4 100.0 0.2 1.1 5.5 38.3 64.8 100.0 0.1 0.3 1.6 31.8 66.2 100.0 4.3 29.8 53.6 12.3 100.0 100.0 0.4 1.4 11.2 87.1 100.0 4.0 41.4 33.4 21.3 100.0 1.6 9.4 37.6 51.3 loao 1.5 8.9 27.1 62.6 100.0 1.3 ia6 10.9 77.4 100.0 1.2 10.0 17.8 71.0 100.0 0.8 2.6 42.0 54.5 100.0 0.2 1.3 6.0 40.1 52.3 100.0 5,596 61,983 119,166 4,074,558 4,514,134 10,568 106, 469 628,668 3, 868, 529 184,208 1,246,009 4,646,868 17,370,507 12,110,805 4,713,649 7,672 52,911 572,346 4,080,720 1,984,363 6,492 33,358 474, 666 1,469,858 1.6 4.7 12.1 48.6 33.2 100.0 0.1 1.5 2.8 95.6 100.0 0.2 2.4 11.7 85.7 m 0.6 4.8 31.8 100.0 2.2 26.5 65.7 16.6 100.0 0.5 3.5 12.8 49.0 34.2 100.0 0.2 1.1 12.1 86.6 100.0 0.3 1.6 23.9 74.1 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. NEW JERSEY. 913 Table 16— Continued. NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF -WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 19X4 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Jewelky •. 175 150 100.0 100.0 3,408 4,008 100.0 100.0 811,347,465 $13,272,004 100.0 100.0 $5,822,516 $6,977,606 100.0 100.0 Less than S5,000 _26 41 76 32 99 12 27 75 36 99 14.9 23.4 43.4 18.3 100.0 8.0 18.0 50.0 24.0 100.0 45 288 1,151 1,924 1,669 18 154 1,382 2,454 1,813 1.3 8.5 33.8 56.4 100.0 0.4 3,8 34.5 61.2 100.0 61,370 ' 504,512 3,550,646 7,230,927 4,183,036 33,273 320,723 3,561,291 9,356,717 4,004,739 0.5 4.4 31.3 63.7 100.0 0.2 2.4 26.8 70.5 100.0 44,168 322,330 1,867,994 3,588,034 2,030,942 26,032 185,678 1,949,511 4,816,385 1,864,336 0.8 5.5 32.1 61.6 100.0 0.4 2.7 820 (100 to iioo.ooo. 27.9 69.0 Leather goods 100.0 Tjflss than S5.000 40 32 16 11 84 23 42 26 8 86 40.4 33.3 16.2 11.1 100.0 23.2 42.4 26.3 8.1 100.0 38 146 305 1,181 5,108 26 217 504 1,066 5,660 2.3 8.9 18.0 70.8 100.0 1.4 12.0 27.8 58.8 100.0 110,241 318,237 674,362 3,082,196 31,651,831 65, 420 465,342 1,021,266 2,462,711 28,430,955 2.6 7.8 16.8 73.7 100.0 1.4 11.6 25.5 61.5 100.0 65,854 162,433 319,770 1,482,885 9,571,200 35,147 231,191 329,068 1,068,930 8,232,486 3.2 8.4 15.3 73.0 100.0 1.9 S5 000 to S20,000 12.4 820 000 to SIOO.OOO . . 28.4 8100,000 to S1,000,000 67.3 Leather, tanned, cue- med, and finished 100.0 Less than $20,000 1 12 25 39 8 382 8 24 48 6 416 14.3 29.8 46.4 9.6 100.0 9.3 27.9 65.8 7.0 100.0 41 434 2,503 2,130 4,892 24 467 3,392 1,687 4,857 0.8 8.5 49.0 41.7 100.0 0.4 8.2 61.0 30.3 100.0 56,228 1,367,391 16,036,340 14,192,872 12,482,553 64,547 1,345,864 18,210,831 8,809,713 13,511,162 0.2 4.3 60.7 44.8 100.0 0.2 4.7 64.1 31.0 100.0 23,630 510,306 4,407,801 4,629,463 6,083,285 28,708 513,618 4,963,464 2,726,807 5,501,207 0.2 5.3 46.1 48.4 100.0 0.3 $20,000 to $100,000 6.2 $100 000 to $1,000,000 60.3 33.1 LOMBEE AND TIMBEB PROD- UCTS 100.0 Less than $5,000 107 165 84 26 276 142 149 89 36 179 28.0 43.2 22.0 6.8 100.0 34.1 35.8 21.4 8.7 100.0 218 998 1,402 2,274 6,573 282 1,043 1,356 2,176 4,120 4.5 20.4 28.7 46.5 100.0 5.8 21.5 27.9 44.8 100.0 274,687 1,640,644 3,869,139 6,698,083 10,485,723 341,361 1,602,468 3,935,918 7,631,415 6,895,339 2.2 13.1 31.0 63.7 100.0 2.5 11.9 29.1 56.5 100.0 192,261 1,048,076 1,739,586 2,105,362 6,571.892 236,120 1,035,028 1,855,797 2,374,262 3,710,354 3.8 20.6 34.2 41.4 100.0 4.3 $5,000 to $20,000 18.8 $20,000 to $100,000 33.7 $100 000 and over 2 43.2 MlLUNEET AND LACE GOODS. 100.0 Less than $5,000 69 111 76 220 60 42 74 48 15 63 25.0 40.2 27.5 7.2 100.0 23.5 41.3 26.8 8.4 100.0 117 830 1,972 2,654 ' 1,737 67 654 1,086 2,313 1,493, 2.1 14.9 35.4 47.6 100.0 1.6 16.9 26.4 66.1 100.0 174,524 1,182,127 3,474,000 5,655,072 16,086,717 90,189 837,292 2,112,878 '3,854,980 12,766,929 1.7 11.3 33.1 53.9 100.0 1.3 12.1 30.6 55.9 100.0 131,119 807,729 2,200,198 3,432,846 6,145,405 70,332 671,539 1,216,674 1,851,809 4,540,956 2.0 12.3 33.5 52.2 100.0 1.9 $6,000 to $20,000 15.4 $20,000 to $100,000 32.8 $100 000 and over . 49.9 Paint AND VARNISH 100.0 Less than $5,000 7 6 22 19 6 129 9 8 22 21 3 111 11.7 10.0 36.7 ,31.7 10.0 100.0 14.3 12.7 34.9 33.3 4.8 100.0 3 10 104 739 881 1,271 6 13 149 737 589 1,005 0.2 0.6 6.0 42.5 50.7 100.0 0.3 0.9 10.0 49.4 39.4 100.0 11,462 68,101 1,029,862 5,979,848 8,997,444 7,672,961 24,490 86,497 1,137,802 7,846,252 3,671,888 5,410,127 0.1 0.4 6.4 37.2 55.9 100.0 0.2 0.7 8.9 61.5 28.8 100.0 6,993 28,395 437,009 2,257,211 3,416,797 4,625,682 11,885 43,101 617,506 2,616,562 1,361,902 3,320,651 0.1 0.5 7.1 36.7 55.6 100.0 0.3 $5,000 to $20,000 0.9 $20,000 to $100,000 1L4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 67.6 $1,000,000 and over 29.8 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations 100.0 Less than $5,000 60 25 30 14 732 41 34 27 9 684 46.5 19.4 23.3 10.9 100.0 36.9 30.6 24.3 8.1 100.0 31 67 163 1,010 5,433 32 88 169 716 5,451 2.4 5.3 12.8 79.5 100.0 3.2 8.8 16.8 71.2 100.0 128,346 260,455 1,482,835 6,811,325 14,083,011 66,827 308,152 1,381,742 3,665,406 12,332,700 1.7 3.3 19.3 75.7 100.0 1.2 5.7 25.5 67.6 100.0 79,292 138,390 811,917 3,496,083 9,831,942 44,500 165, 576 748,675 2,362,000 8,860,649 1.8 3.1 17.9 77.2 100.0 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 6.0 $20,000 to $100,000 22.6 $100,000 and over 2 71.1 Printing and publishing. . 100.0 Less than $5,000 366 267 76 23 368 342 260 62 220 . 348 50.0 36.5 10.4 3.1 100.0 50.0 38.0 9.1 2.9 100.0 409 1,221 1,423 2,380 28,263 - 410 1,295 1,264 2,482 30,285 7.5 22.5 26.2 43.8 100.0 7.5 23.8 23.2 45.5 100.0 956,521 2,643,998 3,344,660 7,237,832 75,706,449 830,671 2,528,288 2,610,239 6,363,502 65,429,550 •6.8 18.1 23.7 51.4 100.0 6.7 20.5 21.2 51.6 100.0 738,225 1,893,897 2,311,408 4,890,412 34,823,684 633,735 1,900,158 1,820,084 4,506,572 32,164,373 7.5 19.3 23.5 49.7 100.0 7.2 $5,000 to $20,000 21.4 $20,000 to $100,000 ■.... 20.5 $100,000 and over 60.9 Silk goods,- including tbkowsters 100.0 Less than $5,000 26 64 129 135 14 90 20 74 111 131 12 84 7.1 17.4 35.1 36.7 3.8 100.0 6.7 21.3 31.9 37.6 3.4 100.0 92 930 3,746 15,980 7,515 2,197 62 1,035 3,925 17,585 7,678 1,817 0.3 3.3 13.3 66.5 26.6 100.0 0.2 3.4 13.0 68.1 25.4 100.0 73,408 811,383 6,616,060 43,918,685 24,387,913 40,108,471 45,184 838,834 5,511,023 39,541,130 19,493,379 37,583,395 0.1 LI 8.8 58.0 32.2 100.0 0.1 1.3 8.4 60.4 29.8 100.0 68,541 528,166 2,959,181 20,211,031 11,066,665 3,788,634 37,223 582,960 2,998,470 19,672,218 8,873,602 3,843,811 0.2 1.5 8.5 58.0 31.8 100.0 0.1 $5,000 to $20,000 1.8 $20,000 to $100,000 9.3 61.2 $1,000,000 and over 27.6 Slaughtering and meat 100.0 Less than $20,000' 29 26 26 9 394 13 30 30 11 462 32.2 28.9 28.9 10.0 100.0 15.5 35.7 35.7 13.1 100.0 64 143 463 1,627 15,830 43 111 423 1,240 9,466 2.9 6.5 21.1 69.5 100.0 2.4 6.1 23.3 68.2 100.0 256,831 1,069,017 10,131,482 28,652,141 39,695,997 153,543 1,321,264 9,703,445 26,405,143 24,177,343 0.6 2.7 25.3 71.4 100.0 0.4 3.5 25.8 70.3 100.0 85,002 267,773 1,265,977 2,179,882 22,292,414 47, 749 268,117 1,024,243 2,603,702 13,381,069 2.2 6.8 33.4 57.5 100.0 1.2 $20,000 to $100,000 7.0 $100,000 to $1,000,000 26.6 $1,000,000 and over 65.1 Tobacco manufactures . . . 100.0 Less than $5,000 290 57 20 18 9 32 360 60 27 8 7 33 73.6 14.5 5.1 4.6 2.3 100.0 77.9 13.0 6.8 1.7 1.5 100.0 162 316 438 3,847 11,067 14,464 262 274 640 1,521 6,869 12,652 1.0 2.0 2.8 24.3 69.9 100.0 2.8 2.9 5.7 16.1 72.6 100.0 503,508 535,019 «72,567 5,614,344 32,170,559 36,268,661 687,856 538,786 1,065,847 2,157,927 19,727,127 33,938,637 1.3 L3 2.2 14.1 81.0 100.0 2.8 2.2 4.4 8.9 81.6 100.0 314,935 344,171 614,646 3,017,093 18,101,669 13,210,929 460,692 345,485 632,603 1,244,882 10,697,407 12,905,758 1.4 1.5 2.3 13.6 81.2 100.0 3.4 $5,000 to $20,000 2.6 $20,000 to $100,000 4.7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 9.3. 79.9 Woolen, -worsted, and FELT goods, and 'WOOL hats 100.0 Less than $20,000 1 4 7 12 9 4 8 12 9 12.5 21.9 37.5 28.1 12.1 24.2 36.4 27.3 9 116 3,045 11,294 16 238 2,087 10,311 0.1 0.8 21.1 78.1 0.1 1.9 16.5 81.6 26,335 319,381 6,457,893 29,464,952 44,709 436,250 5,271,694 28,185,984 0.1 0.9 17.8 81.2 0.1 1.3 15.5 83.0 11,632 111,995 2,018,741 11,068,561 19,652 157,179 1,637,183 11,091,744 0.1 0.8 15.3 83.8 0.2 $20,000 to $100,000 1.2 $100,000 to $1,000,000 12.7 $1,000,000 and over 85.9 > Includos the group "less than $5,000." sincludes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 82101°— 18 58 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 914 MANUFACTURES. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 33 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which figures can be shown, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 OTT AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE added BY MANU- FACTITRE. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. ASBTJBT PaEK 44 312 100.0 $765,762 100.0 $433,643 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,0001... Atlantic City 11 24 9 107 10 88 214 918 3.2 28.2 68.6 100.0 28,978 243,174 493,610 2,971,065 3.8 31.8 64.5 100.0 20,370 138,375 274,898 1,568,995 4.7 31.9 63.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20 000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. . . Bayonne 37 43 20 7 121 38 181 368 331 10, 150 4.1 19.7 40.1 36.1 100.0 89,376 457,909 821,607 1,602,174 98,234,245 3.0 15.4 27.7 63.9 100.0 54,741 266,219 429,977 808,068 20,525,571 3.5 17.1 27.6 51.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. . . $1,000,000 and over Bloomfield 22 40 24 21 14 67 19 174 433 1,576 7,948 3,177 0.2 1.7 4.3 15.5 78.3 100.0 64,462 377,716 906,532 6,602,344 90,293,201 8,357,620 0.1 0.4 0.9 6.7 91.9 100.0 33,080 221,244 377,773 2,921,489 16,971,985 4,998,083 0.2 1.1 1.8 14.2 82.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Beidgeton 17 16 11 14 83 17 42 242 2,876 2,479 0.5 1.3 7.6 90.5 100.0 41,277 172,058 636,184 7,508,101 4,935,711 0.5 2.1 7.6 89.8 100.0 21,486 60,506 363,267 4,562,824 2,482,792 0.4 1.2 7.3 91.1 100.0 Less than 86,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. . . Camden 20 33 18 12 345 36 239 583 1,621 22,541 1.5 9.6 23.5 65.4 100.0 63,847 353,309 866,443 3,662,052 71,823,905 1.1 7.2 17.6 74.2 100.0 35,718 179,174 484,370 1,783,630 35,730,132 1.4 7.2 19.5 71.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over East Orange 88 112 82 49 14 ^ 51 92 582 1,691 5,192 15,084 1,949 0.4 2.6 7.1 23.0 66.9 100.0 204,279 1,142,767 3,843,400 15,907,501 50,725,968 5,406,985 0.3 1.6 5.4 22.1 70.6 100.0 123,301 647, 145 1,940,344 6,499,265 26,620,087 3,017,891 0.3 1.8 5.4 18.2 74.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over! Elizabeth 18 15 10 8 184 12 99 175 1,663 12,870 0.6 5.1 9.0 85.3 100.0 38,349 146,130 360,276 4,862,230 31,228,181 0.7 2.7 6.7 89.9 100.0 25,920 90,664 192,458 2,708,949 14,921,047 0.9 3.0 6.4 89.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over Englewood 54 49 44 32 fi 19 51 162 1,024 3,246 8,387 91 0.4 1.3 8.0 25.2 66.2 100.0 137,251 485,222 1,979,601 11,994,367 16,631,850 321,161 0.4 1.6 6.3 38.4 53.3 100.0 84,598 234,720 1.105,565 6,012,916 7,483,249 209,689 0.6 1.6 7.4 40.3 60.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000, 0001.. Crk-R.VTV.T.n 11 4 4 39 14 26 61 5,869 16.4 28.6 56.0 100.0 38,«00 42,442 289,819 16,113,492 12.1 13.2 74.7 100.0 25,680 28,179 166,830 4,748,856 12.2 13.4 74.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over GLOtrCESTER 10 16 4 4 5 23 12 121 110 875 4,751 1,946 0.2 2.1 1.9 14.9 81.0 100.0 25,626 253,648 205,947 1,916,546 13,711,725 4,710,951 0.2 1.6 1.3 11.9 85.1 100.0 17,784 134,006 ■ 88,946 767,668 3,740,452 1,497,596 0.4 2.8 1.9 16.2 78.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Hackensack 8 5 5 6 43 2 16 44 1,883 766 0.1 0..8 2.3 96.8 100.0 12,180 51,490 239,397 4,407,884 2,262,503 0.3 LI 5.1 93.6 100.0 6,941 26,458 66,272 1,397,925 1,200,257 0.5 1.8 4.4 93.3 100. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... Harrison 13 19 8 3 62 14 79 131 542 7,404 1.8 10.3 17.1 70.8 100.0 28,371 197,262 347,983 1,678,887 17,960,500 1.3 8.8 15.4 74.5 100.0 20,634 116,363 218,096 845,164 10,602,919 1.7 9.7 18.2 70.4 100 Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1.000 ,000 and over. ... 7 14 14 12 5 9 55 312 1,429 5,599 0.1 0.7 4.2 19.3 75.6 23,183 135,992 750,201 3,757,137r 13,293,981 0.1 0.8 m 16,897 84, 498 458,759 0.2 0.8 4.3 Table 17— Contd. CITY AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF products. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTURE. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 258 9,290 100.0 $23,461,298 100.0- $12,754,948 100.0 Less than $5 ,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over IRVINGTON 64 81 68 62 3 74 86 473 1,359 5,082 2,290 921 0.9 6.1 14.6 54.7 24 7 100.0 146,625 819,414 3,099,731 13,680,876 5,716,652 7,349,713 0.6 3.5 13.2 68.3 24.4 100.0 98,608 475,037 1,619,976 6,708,654 3,962,873 1,426,228 0.8 3.7 11.9 52.6 31.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Jersey Citt 24 28 15 7 770 27 132 323 439 31,021 2.9 14.3 35.1 47.7 100.0 66,158 288,379 626,664 6,378,512 164,628,608 0.8 3.9 8.5 86.8 100.0 33,098 146,732 353,300 893,038 52,746,549 2.3 10.3 24.8 62.6 100.0 Less than $5, 000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over Kearny 176 252 198 120 24 51 261 1,289 3,369 12,885 13,217 5,094 0.8 4.2 10.9 41.5 42.6 100.0 600,640 2,672,661 8,537,784 44,488,855 108,328,678 15,419,840 0.3 1.6 6.2 27.0 65.8 100.0 354,730 1,676,328 4,332,747 18,796,744 27,686,000 6,665 220 3.0 8.2 35.6 62.5 100 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20, 000 to 1100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over Long Branch 20 15 8 4 4 33 22 64 192 646 4,171 410 0.4 1.3 3.8 12.7 81.9 100.0 63,257 169,331 401,250 1.871,330 12,914,672 1,055,428 0.4 LI 2.6 12.1 83.8 1000.0 38,854 82,581 225,076 667,890 5,760,819 606.062 0.6 1.2 3.4 8.5 80.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,0001.. MiLLVILLE 9 12 12 60 6 36 369 3,198 1.5 8.5 90.0 100.0 30,372 154,416 870,640 4,644,412 2.9 14.6 82.5 100.0 19,776 99,901 486,385 2,788,789 3.3 16.5 80.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 MONTCLAIE 22 16 6 6 42 80 136 78 2,964 382 0.9 4.3 2.4 92.4 100.0 54,286 146,461 174,726 4,269,939 1,431,768 1.2 3.1 3.8 91.9 100.0 33,643 85,209 76,227 2,594,710 439,211 1.2 3.1 2,7 93.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20, 000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 1 . . MOBEISTOWN 17 16 9 31 11 83 288 218 2.9 21.7 75.4 100.0 38,444 179,097 1,214,227 684,266 2.7 12.5 84.8 100.0 24,298 101,841 313,072 317,244 5.6 23.2 71.3 100.0 Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,0001.. New Bkunswick . 6 15 10 113 13 92 113 6,448 6.0 42.2 51.8 100.0 16,509 196,068 471,689 14,814,018 2.4 28.7 68.9 100.0 11,655 121,497 184,092 8,246,714 3.7 38.3 58.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 34 33 26 20 2,275 48 191 658 5,551 63,084 0.7 3.0 10.2 86.1 100.0 110,072 356,382 1,153,873 13,193,691 210,601,047 0.7 2.4 7.8 89.1 100.0 64,792 199,972 703,713 7,278,237 97,162,592 0.8 2.4 8.5 88.3 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over.... 629 747 560 314 35 72 773 3,843 10,888 29,399 18,181 2,126 1.2 6.1 17.3 46.6 28.8 100.0 1,641,942 7,884,868 24,733,284 93,957,566 82,383,397 4,558,321 0.8 3.7 11.7 44.6 39.1 100.0 1,128,343 4,840,376 13,381,091 45,103,205 32,709,577 2,619,271 1.2 6.0 13.8 46.4 33.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Passaic 23 28 12 9 196 26 104 258 1,738 17,142 1.2 4.9 12.1 81.7 100.0 57,325 272,992 616,766 3,712,239 53.267,869 1.3 6.0 11.3 81.4 100.0 39,517 141,020 307,124 2,131,610 22,327,623 1.5 6.4 11.7 81.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100, 000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over Pateeson . 49 74 39 18 15 735 58 351 1,292 1,965 13,476 30,925 0.3 2.0 7.5 11.6 78.6 100.0 122,657 786,802 1,840,183 7,177,444 43,341,773 78,428,639 0.2 1.6 3.5 13.6 81.4 100.0 73,293 422.673 1.085,876 2,821,061 17,924,021 37,798,450 0.3 1.9 4.9 12.6 80.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over PeethAmboy 156 216 202 146 15 128 244 1,516 6,004 16, 784 7,378 9,202 0.8 4.9 16.2 64.3 23.8 100.0 435,951 2,251.426 9,761,263 43,113,673 22,866,426 148.959,944 0.6 2.9 12.4 65.0 29.2 100.0 284,441 1,280,018 4.637,237 20,391,396 11,305,358 13.214,629 0.8 3.4 12.0 63.9 29.9 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 8100,000 33 41 24 20 10 47 147 680 2,776 5,652 0.5 1.6 6.3 30.2 61.4 89,188 425,981 1,227,902 6 332,600 140,884,273 0.1 0,3 0.8 4.3 94.6 56,722 228,424 570,001 3,089,335 9,270,147 0.4 1.7 4.3 23.4 70.2 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000. 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." NEW JERSEY. 915 Table 17— Contd. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANU- lACTURE. PBODtJCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. PHILUPSBtTBG 40 4,359 100.0 $11,328,677 100.0 $5,752,281 100.0 I,6ssthanl5,000 15,000 to $20,000 t20,000toJl00,000 $100,000 and over ' Plaiufikld 11 9 8 12 78 30 22 169 4,138 1,832 0.7 0.5 3.9 94.9 100.0 29,188 84,523 415,236 10,799,730 5,008,880 0.3 0.7 3.7 95.3 100.0 16,032 44,094 183,677 5,508,478 2,248,069 0.3 0.8 3.2 95.8 100.0 Less than $.5,000 $5,000 to $20 ,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and oven.... 22 28 19 9 394 24 122 248 1,438 19,828 1.3 6.7 13.5 78.5 100.0 52,714 271,259 879,291 3,805,616 54,821,906 1.1 6.4 17.6 76.0 100.0 37,162 149. 149 433,316 1,628,442 24,878,641 L7 6.6 19.3 72.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000... $1,000,000 and over 113 120 86 65 10 75 169 590 1,729 7,548 9,792 1,479 0.9 3.0 8.7 38.1 49.4 100.0 343,962 1,228.078 3,515.218 16,499,126 33,235,522 4,465,201 0.6 2.2 6.4 30.1 60.6 100.0 232,391 672,141 1,801,530 8,948,022 13,224.657 2,375,388 0.9 2.7 7.2 36.0 53.2 100.0 Lesi. than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 WestHoboken... 22 27 19 7 189 49 129 304 997 3,454 3.3 8.7 20.6 67.4 100.0 56,748 282,616 751,808 3,374,029 6, '601, 166 L3 6.3 16.8 75.6 100.0 37.018 147,183 429,589 1,761,698 3,770,840 1.6 6.2 18.1 74.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' West New Yoke. 55 80 48 6 98 72 541 992 1,849 2,335 2.1 15.7 28.7 53.5 100.0 138,636 904,146 1,880,136 3,678,248 13,960,963 2.1 13.7 28.5 55.7 100.0 81,404 554,156 1,092,726 2,042,554 3,916,280 2.2 14.7 29.0 54.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1.... 17 40 26 15 27 227 523 1,558 1.2 9.7 22.4 66.7 43,102 431,902 1,139,910 12,346,049 0.3 3.1 8.2 88.4 29,304 250,666 664,172 2,972,138 0.7 6.4 17.0 75.9 iluoludes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a prepon- derance of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The three highest percentages of the total value of products re- ported by establishments in this class — 98.9, 98.6, and 97 — are shown for Perth Ainboy, Bayonne, and Gar- field, respectively. The highest proportion of value of products for establishments having products less than $20,000 — 35.6 per cent — is shown for Asbury Park, and the lowest — four-tenths of 1 per cent — for Perth Amboy. Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 31 of the important industries or industry groups, and for each of the 33 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which data can be given. Table 19 presents, for 1914, per- centages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909, similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual industries. Of the total number of establishments for aU in- dustries combined, 927, or 9.5 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1 9 1 4 . These were small estabhshments in which the work was done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases a few wage earners were employed for short periods, but the number was so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown. Printing and pubhshing, tobacco manufactures, and bakeries are the industries in which the largest numbers of these small establishments were reported. Table 18 nroUSTRT AND crtT. Estab- lish- ments. earners (average num- ber). ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING- No earn- ers. .a a lto5 wage earners. ^1 6 to 20 wage earners. m a 21 to 60 wage 51 to 100 wage earners. .Q ^i 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage .o a ea 2 Sob! 601 to 1,000 wage earners. -a . 2^ Over 1,000 wage earners. All industries Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Bread and other bakery products . '. . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Camiing and preserving '. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Chemicals ; Clothing, men's , including sliirts Clotliing, women's Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products.. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Dyeing and flnlshing tevtiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Founory and machine-shop products. I^imishing goods, men's..., Glass Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods uon and steel, steel works and rolling mills : Jewelry 9,742 58 1,278 140 30 64 152 183 196 14 76 908 28 19 41 62 15 175 4,080 5,712 13,011 3,154 6,276 8,217 5,423 5,233 3,151 7,394 11,683 14,405 31,057 4,144 5,784 4,401 4,025 4,639 3,408 927 4,484 10,941 22,735 32,980 623 37,694 432 67,645 63,149 80 55,926 45 11 11 18 31 116 6 22 15 452 2 30 2,287 36 94 16 81 36 1,083 3 152 349 354 25 181 561 434 13 363 763 1,171 550 207 384 1,644 1,605 447 923 500 1,862 247 650 847 1,211 844 641 275 16 140 2,111 80 10 63 199 304 852 343 2,910 116 40 39 603 78 507 688 3,442 496 316 493 354 155 14 122 83 9P4, -30 , .932 II I79_ Digitized by Mjcrosoft® 1,505 263 3,976 554 /1, 095 1,507 616 355 915 1,280 2,074 1,789 7,893 737 1,393 1,905 569 651 1,107 281 514 565 1,284 2,379 484 307 1,813 2,780 5,689 593 1,180 1,294 345 1,719 757 678 1,473 1,836 1,882 3,405 4,204 741 1,235 6S0 850 82,535 1,074 2,468 2,669 3,635 4,236 6,224 3,825 1,378 1,650 i,i6i 1,577 916 MANUFACTURES. Table 1 8— Continued. total. establishments EMPLOYING — ranUSTET AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. lto5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 60 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 261 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). ;9 m ■m ■ 3 a la a 2 ■^ y II !2» ll CO a li 11 CO n ai •Is t! ^1 m P ^1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 84 3S2 276 33 732 53 85 368 i 394 32 3,636 6,869 5,108 4,892 6,573 2,927 6,433 6,316 6,324 28,263 3,344 15,830 14,464 123,099 283,219 1 13 4 13 192 100 31 530 260 23 126 114 6 126 11 14 97 292 1,312 1,226 79 1,251 143 135 1,212 18 39 36 11 26 13 5 103 632 1,208 1,086 420 789 447 187 3,494 14 7 19 6 12 9 5 55 1,011 469 1,362 372 789 677 335 4,426 12 3 2 8 6 7 5 54 1,925 480 322 1,127 958 1,114 736 7,864 2 1 65S 379 1 1 2 1 559 524 1,327 665 Lumber and timber products Millinery and lace goods Paper and wood pulp 1 2 6 364 633 1,863 Printing and publishing 17o is 1 385 5 41 34 1,013 22 84 97 Rubber goods' not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building 3 1 7 3 4 2 25 65 2,050 965 4,556 2,143 2,810 1,429 17,627 38,847 1 1 1 6 4 10 39 3,K,S2 1,207 1,201 8,977 8,522 27,011 73,367 Silk goods, including throwsters Smelting and refining, copper 16 5,407 Tobacco manufactures 171 1 361 699 155 5 1,817 3,027 281 15 4,262 7,603 ■ 29 2 721 1,556 288 19 8,038 17,333 14 4 337 761 388 136 10,982 25, 104 2 1 182 404 153 92 12,798 29,201 10 4 132 300 1,769 636 20,346 46,512 3 9 61 128 1,164 3,616 22,135 45, 202 Woolen , worsted , and felt goods , and wool hats Total for cities 1 ASBUEY Pauk 44 107 121 57 83 345 61 184 19 39 23 43 52 258 74 770 61 33 60 42 31 113 2,275 72 195 735 128 40 78 394 75 189 98 312 913 10, 150 3,177 2,479 22, 541 1,949 12, 870 91 5,869 1,945 766 7,404 9,290 921 31,021 5,094 410 3,198 382 218 6,448 63,084 2,126 17, 142 30,926 9,202 4,359 1,832 19,828 1,479 3,454 2,335 3 15 9 4 1 44 5 19 3 2 6 3 2 23 7 45 4 4 4 9 12 250 10 13 35 7 7 7 22 3 16 5 29 59 60 27 42 141 26 89 12 19 8 28 21 99 40 337 28 18 30 19 17 48 957 37 94 266 69 11 46 200 43 86 32 62 163 138 45 113 387 65 214 28 40 19 71 63 268 96 869 60 39 60 40 49 113 2,422 97 228 665 177 28 108 474 116 210 89 7 22 23 6 15 72 8 32 3 5 4 7 7 59 15 199 8 7 8 10 13 22 672 13 38 167 13 g 14 67 17 68 37 73 231 250 48 188 839 86 378 40 73 43 91 82 686 171 2,236 77 73 71 91 133 242 6,358 136 414 1,962 123 98 178 687 205 636 346 4 8 9 8 12 39 6 16 1 4 96 241 314 248 417 1,315 156 561 23 131 1 2 11 5 9 16 2 13 81 1.52 755 264 661 1,130 159 931 Atlantic City 1 8 4 3 14 1 9 131 1,096 729 414 1,896 179 1,488 5 2 1,720 717 4 2,594 2 1 3,284 1,126 1 4 1 686 2,819 680 Camden. . . . 12 2 4 4,2,58 734 1,314 3 9 898 Eliz.abeth 2 7,994 Englewood 2 1 183 80 1 3 1 6 14 123 422 186 832 2,382 1 433 2 1,164 3 1 3,752 1,381 Gloucester 3 8 41 6 92 2 1 3 3 1 9 238 4 15 129 11 4 5 44 5 21 9 85 298 1,372 199 2,875 66 27 105 82 36 286 7,991 167 499 4,359 331 150 179 1,449 162 613 291 1 2 4 333 813 1,340 2 16 6 35 4 2 1 158 1,192 455 2,422 248 148 58 1 1 774 966 3 1 4,384 1,084 HOBOKEN Jersey City Keakny 34 6,347 19 2 7,314 757 6 1 4,858 886 3 2 5,100 3,010 1 2 1 123 291 169 1 963 1 1,650 MONTCLAIR .... MORRISTOWN 12 130 3 11 66 8 4 2 21 4 6 10 934 9,179 203 893 6,017 590 291 167 1,512 277 371 710 5 84 3 10 50 9 2 3 24 2 1 4 855 12,899 518 1,601 7,628 1,391 329 615 3,888 331 130 621 3 30 1 4 2 2 11 1 1,160 10,283 425 1,213 4,675 2,049 737 589 3,841 389 2 4 2,868 7,088 10 1 7 7 3 6,864 680 6,004 4,378 1,965 Orange 3 2 2 2 7,390 2,351 2,576 Fhtllipsburg 2,726 Trenton 3 2.282 2 5,695 West Hobokv"< 2 1,494 1 278 ' Excludes West Orange, to avoid disclosinre of individual operations. Table 19 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Bread and other balcery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts. 'Clothing, women's Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Dyeing and finishing textiles . . Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. Foundry and products. machine-shop Furnishing goods, men's Glass. Mibrobm^ iss than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 5.7 5.1 0.1 0) 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.3 3.5 2.0 0.1 ■0.4 0.2 0.6 0.8 6 to 20 8.3 9.6 0.4 0.2 1.2 2.0 1.7 1.0 2.6 1.9 2.0 0.2 1.4 1.9 21 to 50 51 to 100 8.5 7.7 4.1 1.3 7.3 3.6 2.4 4.3 9.4 8.6 2.8 4.8 0.6 0.9 9.4 12.2 12.6 3.8 4.3 6.8 4.8 2.0 11.1 14.1 12.0 11.7 5.5 6.9 11.2 16.0 19.3 29.0 7.5 17.3 10.4 17.8 10.8 12.4 10.9 2.'). 4 27.0 17.8 24.1 15.5 43.3 33.3 45.5 27.6 15.4 35.2 4.2 15.6 6.1 19.3 19.5 18.0 14.2 14.3 15.9 20.4 42.4 29.4 26.31 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 13.0 18.1 46.7 16.9 24.8 16.1 30.0 23.6 11.7 13. 21.3 17.9 66.2 21.4 10.9 13.2 12.3 34.0 49.2 37.6 36.3 40.6 36.3 48.6 12.3 5.8 33.3 28.5 23.6 NEW JERSEY. 917 TaDle 19— ContiDued. INDDSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. EEE CENT OF TOTAL ATEKAGE NTBIBEE OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECITIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT of total AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,.000 Over 1,000 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1.1 0..3 3.6 2.1 0.6 0.4 10.8 11.7 4.7 4.0 ■■d."2 18.6 17.7 0.3 0.4 1.3 2.4 0.3 0.2 4.9 6.0 0.4 0.1 27.1 19.9 5.7 6.0 26.8 32.7 22.0 22.3 2.7 4.1 23.0 21.9 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.5 4.3 4.3 12.5 18.1 1.7 27.3 28.0 12.4 16.6 24.7 23.0 19.5 16.4 14.3 17.2 14.5 14.6 7.1 2.4 3.0 4.2 12.4 8.4 8.8 14.6 3.3 5.9 22.9 18.0 19.8 7.5 9.4 17.3 24.3 20.1 12.7 31.0 14.5 11.1 10.7 8.2 5.3 12.1 15.7 15.1 14.1 4.6 19.2 18.1 19.1 25.6 37.7 42.7 g.g 4.5 5.8 3.8 38.5 33.6 17.6 22.4 17.6 37.7 11. « 10.7 27.8 28.4 8.6 26.9 13.6 22.0 21.1 29.5 27.8 30.7 28.8 34.0 23.1 Total for cities i 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2.7 6.1 8.9 10.3 16.4 16.0 13.7 25.9 AsBURY Park 19.9 17.8 1.4 1.4 4.6 1.7 2.8 1.7 30.8 0.7 1.0 9.3 0.9 2.9 10.4 2.8 1.2 9.6 1.9 10.6 22.6 1.8 3.8 4.6 1.3 2.2 1.9 0.6 6.8 2.4 7.8 6.1 3.8 23.4 26.2 2.5 1.5 7.6 3.7 4.4 2.9 43.9 1.2 2.2 11.9 1.1 7.4 18.6 7.2 1.5 17.8 2.2 23.8 61.0 3.8 10.1 6.4 2.4 6.3 1.3 2.2 9.6 3.5 13.9 18.4 14.8 30.8 26.2 3.1 7.8 16.8 5.8 8.0 - 4.3 26.3 2.2 'ii.i 4.0 14.8 21.6 9.3 1.1 6.6 3.3 21.5 16.5 4.4 12.7 7.8 2.9 14.1 3.6 3.4 9.8 7.3 11.0 17.7 12.6 26.0 16.6 7.4 8.3 26.7 5.0 8.2 7.2 Iron and steel, steel works and Atlantic City 14.3 10.8 22.9 16.7 8.4 9.2 11.6 rolling mills. Bayonne 16.9 22.6 18.9 37.7 10.2 25.6 ■27.'7 12.5 29.7 32 4 36 4 6.5 12.9 26.9 7.7 10.9 12.4 13.8 11.7 12.3 29.5 "g.'s 19.1 22.7 Camden 10.9 43.9 Leather, tanned, curried, and East Orange 62 1 10.7 23.8 33.5 19.3 Englewood Lumber and timber products. . . Garfield 2.8 4.1 "■i'.i 12.8 49.4 7.8 4.9 36.1 1.8 2.1 21.7 24.3 11.2 25.6 7.4 19.7 63 9 Gloucester 71.0 Millinery and lace goods Hackensack 43.5 11.0 14.4 Harrison 10.4 10.4 59.2 HOBOKEN 11 7 Irvington... Jersey City 17.2 ■36." 6 9.1 44.2 23.6 14.9 15.7 17.4 16.4 Printing and publishing 69 1 Long Branch 32.5 49.1 15.3 16.1 8.6 64.1 100.0 17.8 27.2 9.9 24.3 14.2 11.1 61.4 68.7 4.3 12.4 35.9 66.7 41.0 68.9 46.6 21.9 19.9 Milltille 30.1 51.6 Eubber goods, not elsewhere MowTrt.iiR. specified. MORKISTOWN Shipbuilding, including boat building. New Brunswick.. 14.5 14.6 9.5 5.2 16.2 6.4 6.8 9.1 7.6 18.7 10.7 30.4 13.2 20.4 24.4 8.8 24.7 16.1 7.5 33.6 19.6 22.4 3.8 26.6 17.8 16.3 20.0 7.1 14.8 22.3 16.9 32.1 19.4 26.3 'ii.'g 'ib'.b 27.3 29.2 14.2 21.4 44 5 Newabk 11.2 Orange Silk goods, including throwsters. Passaic 43.1 Paterson 7 6 Smelting and refining, copper .. . Perth Amboy 28 1.8 4.1 0.1 0.1 3.5 3.8 1.8 3.9 0.1 0.3 6.5 8.5 2.4 4.0 0.9 2.2 8.9 8.3 1.0 1.7 0.6 10.4 12.3 11.2 4.4 8.3 16.6 16.6 7.4 18.1 25.0 18.2 18.0 19.5 Plainfield Trenton 11.6 28 7 Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. Union 43.3 All other industries 1914 1909 West New York. . • Excludes West Orange, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Nearly one-half of the establishments in the state employed from 1 to 5 wage earners. The next largest group — those employing from 6 to 20 wage earners — constituted 21.3 j Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including pUrte printing;" and "lithographing." 1° Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments." NEW JERSEY. Table 39.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 927 DJDDSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDU3TKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost ol mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Smelting and refining, cop- per. Sulpliuric, nitric, and mixed acids. Tobacco manufactures Toys and games Typewriters and supplies . Upholstering materials . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 394 462- 554 13 15 12 3,344 2,322 1,243 2,057 1,599 619 909 434 15,830 9,466 6,508 440 142 148 428 272 132 313 296 318 42, 735 22,320 6,295 4,276 2,761 625 3,409 1,576 4,005 3(302 1,797 121 ■70 612 228 1,278 915 12,247 1,335 645 1,200 796 287 281 6,393 3,156 2,041 164 57 44 269 202 80 167 138 127 $153, 863 118,936 58,812 10,760 7,084 2,043 2,160 1,062 17,404 10,796 227 94 74 511 278 125 1,214 1,088 850 $159, 199 125,651 62, 796 •16,692 13, 674 4,018 5,071 2,128 39,696 24,177 10,988 641 226 201 1,236 740 315 1,811 1,646 1,239 Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Wall plaster Window shades and fix- tures. Wirework, Including wire rope and cable, not else- ■ where specified. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries. , 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7 6 3 19 14 7 29 25 25 32 33 36 1,086 917 837 963 782 615 178 46 441 515 381 1,045 1,126 1,141 14,464 12, 652 64,172 62,468 45,397 1,639 1,442 590 1,419 977 200 1,633 1,066 25,124 20,254 14,008 170,990 140,011 $594 369 299 137 109 26 249 282 207 606 627 533 6,385 4,964 2,951 39,877 28,728 24,024 $1, 759 1,500 1,032 411 332 109 678 767 1,611 1,508 1,130 23,058 21, 033 10,628 238,970 205,884 133,912 $3, 424 2,872 2,094 763 613 204 1,006 1,155 1,262 2,654 2,745 2,261 33, 939 16,394 344,676 284,856 229,683 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. ATLAHTIC CITY— AU industries Bread and other bakery product^. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Foundry and machine- shop products. Ice, manufactured Printing and publishing. Shipbuilding, wooden, in- cluding boat building. Tobacco, cigars AU other industries. ■ BAYONNE— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Printing and publishing . . All other indust ries. . 1914 11909 1904 1914 1909 107 95 62 918 786 381 2,521 1,768 $614 527 223 $1,412 1,161 365 $2,971 2,340 975 23 27 117 118 169 69 66 81 267 286 416 468 1914 1909 6 4 19 47 12 30 18 38 35 80 1914 1909 6 S3 40 60 55 37 32 36 16 105 69 1914 1909 4 4 60 64 90S 686 34 40 45 44 146 146 1914 1909 22 23 139 90 130 68 91 63 107 64 302 232 1914 1909 4 4 11 9 15 IS 11 13 18 4 28 21 1911 1909 3 5 2 2 1 2 2 2 6 7 1914 1909 34 22 517 426 1,252 976 362 276 919 717 1,933 1,317 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 121 97 58 10,150 7,619 7,067 33,323 28,094 6,774 4,775 4,277 77,709 68,932 46,984 98,234 73,641 " 60,634 19 17 13 91 75 73 70 29 76 68 41 240 207 166 371 340 238 1914 1909 1904 37 7 M 690 916 1,566 3,466 1,722 490 636 1,012 1,645 1,642 1,919 3,201 4,156 4,371 1914 1909 11 5 28 20 57 20 25 12 18 11 75 37 1914 1909 1904 - 84 68 41 9,341 6,508 5,418 29,730 26,323 6,184 4,069 3,224 75,906 57,072 44,909 94,587 69,109 66,026 CAMDEN— All indus- tries. Boots and shoes. Includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Bread and other bakery products Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lumber, planing-mill products. Mineral and soda waters. Printing and publishing . . Soap. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 345 365 298 22,541 16,527 12,661 39,670 29,056 $12,978 8,607 6,098 $36,094 27,384 20,423 12 10 15 472 422 474 208 99 236 ■ 215 193 589 497 417 1914 1909 1904 53 60 57 254 272 136 172 94 163 154 76 565 463 274 1914 1909 11 8 335 198 338 171 105 55 380 250 1914 1909 6 16 10 139 72 137 21 88 48 108 96 1914 1909 1904 8 21 25 '8 1,168 1,629 1,115 1,522 1,408 678 910 614 1,418 2,407 1,086 1914 1909 1904 5 7 4 1,354 1,111 749 3,970 1,320 765 612 342 5,306 4,270 5,695 1914 1909 1904 7 4 3 174 128 172 692 411 101 79 92 265 236 548 1914 1909 9 12 43 36 54 28 26 20 55 66 1914 1909 1904 840 35 <33 198 191 128 246 139 132 105 70 121 90 60 1914 1909 1904 4 5 4 207 188 66 319 270 102 79 31 762 723 189 1914 1909 1904 4 4 5 1,084 1,149 982 3,015 2,900 335 355 261 1,989 2,704 1,865 1914 1909 1904 163 185 169 17,113 11,231 8,840 28,997 22,195 10,267 6,975 4,419 24,647 15,592 10,299 $71,824 49, 138 33,687 970 845 759 876 762 448 404 278 189 2,598 3,948 2,080 7,733 5,920 6,365 428 362 734 128 158 399 350 265 1,310 1,265 395 2,709 3,608 2,628 63,704 31,327 20,013 u .! Kg^os do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise the totals in order to include data only for those establishments located within the coroorate limits of the city. ^ Includes "automobile repairing." ' Includes "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 6 Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified." 8 Includes "automobile repairing;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe;" "plumbers' suppUes, not elsewhere specified-" "i mtmgs and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ^ liiXcludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing " Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 928 MANUFACTURES. Table 39.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. ranUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ELIZABETH— AH in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Chemicals . Foundry and machine- shop products. Oil. not elsewhere speci- fied. Printing and publishing. All other industries.. HOBOKEN— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and repairs. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Mineral and soda waters. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing. . All other industries. . JERSEY CITY— All industries. Boxes, fancy and paper. . . Brass apd bronze prod- ucts. Bread and other products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 a909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 184 163 124 1 24 18 2 15 258 241 279 5 5 24 23 2 22 a 5 3 67 7 6 7 8 '18 17 2 25 149 134 180 770 745 628 7 5 4 10 9 89 109 113 113 12,870 12, 737 12,335 118 111 87 191 93 876 916 2,394 117 43 70 479 103 11, 180 11,095 9,681 9,290 7,883 7,227 432 421 314 19 27 873 855 567 616 121 128 67 18 18 14 22 189 234 168 7,057 5,562 5,426 31,021 25, 464 20,353 451 557 466 322 340 300 .633 534 25, .520 20, 124 92 1,755 1,571 461 425 931 661 21,378 17, 143 14,429 10, 613 645 255 21 28 1,353 1,101 1,507 625 257 293 16 287 235 10,325 8,049 49,086 35,917 S8, 198 7,513 7,398 94 69 66 140 58 630 604 1,561 52 376 406 6,860 6,347 - 5, 670 5,668 4,449 3,573 340 321 201 12 18 558 542 361 334 146 100 45 10 138 165 112 4,023 2,928 2,527 17,651 13,216 10,021 178 166 127 215 185 172 45^ 387 247 S16, 307 16, 429 16, 982 318 182 196 144 803 996 1,436 2,106 797 2,102 355 166 38 12,357 14, 144 13,210 10,706 8,966 6,580 787 873 618 743 582 737 547 557 190 135 227 121 17 17 53 205 186 109 8,203 6,463 4,805 111, 782 89, 317 48, 799 234 238 173 1,666 1,577 1,201 1,394 1,531 927 S31, 228 29, 147 29,301 504 347 310 748 307 2,030 1,877 3,887 3,100 1,005 2,388 1,063 867 172 23,783 24, 744 22,544 23,461 19,016 1^,077 1,604 1,410 1,011 45 57 2,172 1,808 1,763 1,384 1,314 644 264 442 201 50 64 130 95 802 577 487 17,010 13,249 10,071 164, 529 128, 775 75,741 551 527 408 2,101 2,180 1,730 2,583 2,485 1,499 JERSEY CITY— Con. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Chemicals Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Dyeing and finishing tex- tiles. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Hosiery and knit goods. . Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Millinery and lace goods. Paint and varnish . Paper and wood pulp. . Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. . Printing and publishing . . Shipbuilding, wooden, re- pairs only. Silk goods, finished prod- ucts. Slaughtering and meat packing. Steam packing. All other industries. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 8 16 20 8 12 4 4 1015 13 15 '45 48 8 44 4 6 6 7 ni6 20 29 4 315 300 307 125 114 1,088 1,818 2,337 334 195 132 58 213 202 254 520 340 233 100 48 865 585 424 1,564 1,790 1,899 517 439 313 168 903 586 532 436 625 204 136 97 52 141 157 150 105 76 121 466 442 136 145 717 1,048 961 1,179 856 148 31 183 136 505 927 1,491 657 557 493 305 205 504 478 183 59 873 622 2,768 2,830 632 721 154 48 1,508 1,053 151 965 410 1,038 1,250 186 642 205 1,060 780 3,303 945 78 107 19,162 , 29,658 13,897 21,966 11,260 I $100 774 1,044 1,280 244 125 87 184 146 19 336 241 149 49 27 490 293 154 1,104 1,236 1,221 214 213 65 475 329 259 201 269 78 80 63 34 90 78 75 40 51 397 295 302 108 532 650 417 804 593 106 IS 20 10,136 6,562 5,129 $86 615 1,273 1,160 1,464 1,067 746 1,058 839 97 444 351 253 732 205 238 27 1,406 596 2,153 1,941 1,599 223 1,032 936 1,225 324 504 116 650 556 244 297 242 202 421 141 231 457 57 1,115 1,002 759 23,158 20,537 7,146 113 105 71,640 63,662 31, 786 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes "lithographing." t Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise the totals in order to include data only for those establishments located within the cor- porate Umits of the city and also to exclude one establishment engaged in the moving-picture industry which was not included in the census of 1914. 6 Includes "hardware" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 6 Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planlng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." ' Includes "bookbinding and blanlc-book making. " 8 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. • Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus; " and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." '» Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." n Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. Table 39.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 929 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- USh- ments. Wage earners (aver- . age num- Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of matfr- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ireWASE— All indus- tries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes, fancy and paper. . . Brass and bronze prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery products. Buttons. Carriages and wagons and materials. Chemicals. Clothid^, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Confectionery. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Corsets. Cutlery and tools, not else- where specified. Dyestufis and extracts... Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Fancy articles, not else- where.specified. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Hats, fur-felt. Hosiery and knit goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 11909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,275 1,857 1,600 17 12 «15 17 13 11 20 22 21 205 163 15 16 11 >54 43 48 19 21 15 <37 14 11 21 10 »30S 168 M59 26 36 37 11 7 100,466 78,203 1,369 1,449 1,560 723 620 384 132 241 167 1,284 1,026 833 1,208 1,429 1,075 235 324 646 1,502 1,664 1,365 2,037 1,996 1,662 1,696 2,320 1,891 400 381 2,375 2,663 2,443 2,521 1,804 1,967 1,576 1,280 230 198 4,302 2,820 1,378 918 122 84 6,791 6,667 5,798 2,162 2,158 2,583 203 148 865 333 588 490 331 301 208 264 1,114 566 1,312 726 287 277 4,418 4,455 236 285 405 382 425 252 1,516 1,257 2,462 1,616 861 671 3,365 2,508 251 494 10,780 8,923 2,210 2,663 S113.438 114,627 80,689 542 329 805 704 248 187 123 84 139 96 923 738 660 592 161 204 856 823 630 1,032 998 716 622 767 155 131 1,324 1,424 1,067 976 613 981 756 671 139 122 2,338 1,516 670 137 409 69 32 4,499 4,228 3,124 1,252 1,419 1,602 118 47 924 1,828 1,673 1,470 366 261 169 225 321 160 3,050 2,711 1,903 767 804 511 178 214 431 3,086 2,404 1,795 981 802 672 1,105 1,569 1,348 1,005 837 387 1,733 1,800 1,522 2,242 1,269 1,074 646 646 1,690 1,292 3,105 1,482 845 361 165 652 362 214 6,237 6,661 3,871 1,767 2,074 2,204 246 113 1210,601 201,888 150,055 2,542 975 3,282 2,901 2,732 802 648 342 432 611 347 5,429 4,627 3,115 1,799 1,804 1,282 505 599 1,144 6,077 4,805 3,965 3,061 2,473 1,860 2,436 3,349 2,374 1,745 1,635 932 4,241 4,166 3,324 4,622 3,263 3,057 2,081 1,722 2,667 2,027 8,920 5,617 2,549 1,033 439 1,683 610 373 15,003 16,482 10,637 3,901 4,433 4,686 492 224 ITEWARK— Contd. Jewelry Leather goods. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work . Mattresses beds. and spring Millinery and lace goods. Paint and varnish. Paper goods^ not else- where specified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing. . Rubber goods, not else- where specified. Slaughtering packing. and meat Tobacco manufactures. . All other industries. . PASSAIC-AU indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Millinery and lace goods . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 11904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 '1909 1904 1914 1909 'l914 1909 1904 1914 1909 167 145 110 «48 46 48 64 63 52 13 14 17 27 »49 33 17 "137 118 81 7 4 i'15 13 a 10 97 101 2 112 621 420 195 167 95 41 41 17 12 10 6 1813 13 9 14 6 3,344 3,849 2,976 687 760 3,086 3,794 3,524 1,580 1,229 1,154 460 731 226 271 379 48 270 242 241 318 739 613 479 184 47 226 138 100 1,513 1,668 1,312 191 145 107 202 2,430 1,525 1,245 15,286 14, 156 13,129 17,142 14, 654 11,000 125 134 63 362 237 387 201 276 365 247 1,882 1,214 400 505 7,214 6,786 11,740 8,319 1,397 1,413 1,049 92 113 2,861 2,548 239 45 417 184 1,646 1,307 823 470 1,076 687 183 175 36,134 27,062 31,701 23,095 531 175 783 468 $2,179 2,611 1,833 447 382 379 2,092 2,504 2,108 1,445 1,071 958 312 346 216 250 325 131 35 94 104 94 476 386 284 82 21 103 63 39 1,245 1,184 743 108 76 49 206 188 126 830 556 406 8,786 7,396 6,187 8,049 6,101 3,866 92 28 169 122 264 132 145 139 70 $5,482 6,240 4,628 1,059 859 907 14,310 13,416 8,610 3,267 2,799 2,337 753 1,076 693 274 322 118 437 162 212 201 181 4,029 4,268 2,522 470 136 372 183 1,385 1,247 748 477 270 4,261 3,760 2,520 1,518 1,003 651 43,041 60,332 37,633 30,940 23,763 13, 110 271 320 110 341 240 693 318 239 682 $11,21S 13,152 9,258 2,018 1,666 1,811 20,118 18,868 13,578 12,072 12,361 10,917 1,354 1,916 1,253 687 834 196 661 240 411 404 367 7,761 6,733 4,706 723 184 2,004 1,338 4,593 3,998 2,752 622 691 434 4,832 4,297 2,934 3,569 2,771 1,743 66,785 69,489 55,733 63,268 40,733 22,783 441 652 176 796 487 1,195 692 792 926 675 ' Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise the totals in order to include data only for those establishments located within the oorporate.Umits of the city. I Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified " and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." ' Includes "combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber" and "ivory, shell, and bone work." 'Includes "automobile repairmg;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "iron and steeJ, cast-u:on pipe; ' "plumbers' supphes, not elswhere specified;" "pumps, steam and other power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heatine aDoaratus" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." » fi- . ' Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." m IJ""'"'!^' ',','' °^^>^°<"i^Pa<'l"ii6;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills; " and "window and door screens and Wwitn6r Strips. ' Excludes statistics for one estabUshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. " Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 1° Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" " Includes'' 'engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "hthographing." '1 Includes "sausage, not mad« in slaughtering and nuat-pacMng establishments." , . ., ^^ "Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified.'' l)iniTr7ar'ir\\/ n^l^f/^C^/^frfR) "Includes "structural ironwork, not made in steel Wt^MW)Hi^Wufc(*y IVIIUI UOUIL'^ 82101°— 18 59 930 MANUFACTURES. Table 39,— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. raOUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value ol prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PASSAIO— Continued. Printing and publishing . . All other industries . PATEBSON— All in- dustries. Boxes, fancy and paper . . Bread, and other bakery jroaucts. Card cutting and design- ing. Carriages and wagons and repairs. Clothing, men's, includ- iug shirts. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Dyemg and finishing tex- tiles. Foundry and machine- shop products. Liimber and timber prod- ucts. Mineral and soda waters. . Printing and publishing . . Silk goods, including throwsters. Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 120 18 702 513 131 134 15,772 13,701 10,671 30,925 231,981 28,609 73 132 42 291 276 . 190 23 37 37 34,017 2 34,989 174 156 287 238 173 38 32 56 59 2,077 1,856 1,102 156 224 3,472 3,650 3,074 2,268 2 2,246 1,773 162 163 75 60 54 304 312 224 16,992 18,828 14,624 138 159 139 263 232 30,022 22,132 76 119 184 95 452 411 242 365 4,846 7,739 3,187 1,880 407 361 626 471 11,013 13,361 97 7,298 5,588 3,693 16,195 15,205 13,002 $71 76 29,082 22,460 12,761 40,630 2 34,736 27,441 74 66 190 166 101 21 18 37 32 927 828 412 72 78 18 1,901 1,832 1,567 1,213 1,178 797 32 31 237 183 128 8,872 6,107 171 144 709 692 419 41 21 50 35 2,611 2,016 731 118 204 72 3,185 2,759 2,694 1,652 1,636 778 291 234 163 40 47 22l 169 120 23,225 ! 19, 693 13,004 122 172 113 $280 49,631 38,137 21,815 78,429 2 69,263 64,673 307 276 1,185 1,011 632 100 75 129 4,996 3,445 1,688 258 195 229 380 131 7,527 2 6,260 5,699 3,944 3,797 2,430 490 420 106 120 610 393 44,672 2 39,994 26,433 301 333 297 PA TERSOIT— Contd. All other industries ...... TRENTON— All indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products: Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages, wagons, and repairs. Clothing, men's, including shirts. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Ice, manufactured Mineral and soda waters. . . Printing and publishing . . Rubber goods, not else- where specified. Slaughtering and meat packing. All other industries . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904. 133 116 394 340 311 134 35 33 11 8 5 S14 9 »i 146 135 146 4,690 3,942 7,239 19,828 18,543 14,130 282 4,911 6,030 4,712 45 118 300 214 56 216 143 47 52 47 2,159 1,998 217 166 37 49 47 15 344 324 236 346 35 47 21 9,240 9,056 7,302 12,890 10,063 6,219 9,839 301 221 3,210 3,113 163 96 20 3,610 3,327 326 282 1,140 1,140 35 35 258 265 4,150 2,614 112 104 22,779 18,495 $2,274 1, 705 3,748 11,134 9,726 6,921 187 144 3,195 3,143 2,626 76 109 57 26 51 43 21 38 35 1,439 1,096 546 173 131 108 34 10 242 223 172 1,076 601 165 29 30 11 4,470 4,165 3,202 $8,141 7,013 9,347 29,943 27,673 17,551 541 1,952 2,035 1,463 37 75 198 247 264 189 71 67 96 2,264 1,785 1,142 221 135 137 38 136 32 182 188 130 6,361 3,681 715 .291 641 60 18,075 17,799 13,206 $13,490 12,259 17,711 64,822 2 49,115 32,jl60 1,325 1,279 867 7,011 Q,996 6,996 89 ;i!^ 421 375 168 449 374 128 127 182 4,616 3,838 ' 2,089 517 392 344 104 141 216 74 784 738 506 4,969 1,114 90 30,697 28,937 21,069 1 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making" and "engraving, steel and copperplate, including plate printing. " 2 Figures do not agree with those pubhshedin 1909 because certain estabhshments revised their reports for that census. • Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of indi^'idual operations. < Includes "automobile repairing" and "structinral ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' Includes "lumber, planlng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." « Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Excludes statistics for three establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operatioiLs. • Includes "automobile repairing;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified; " and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments," Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. Table 39.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 931 rUDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- Cen- bcr of sus estab- year. Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Abbuey Pare. Bloomheld..'. Beidgeton... East Oej^nqe. Gaefibld Hackensack.. Habbison ibvington Keabny LoNS Branch UlLLVIIXE 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 11909 1904 1914 1909 1914 ■1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 312 264 3,177 2,957 2,479 2,387 2,276 1,949 1,386 854 5,869 2,530 766 '738 7,404 6,893 4,040 921 540 5,094 4,001 1,303 410 415 3,198 2,761 2,767 670 8,353 6,031 2,918 2,105 3,379 1,087 8,574 5, 416 1,343 1,021 15,931 8,381 2,700 967 10,409 7,235 1,079 922 3,420 3,681 $202 175 1,644 1,301 1,411 1,163 1,014 1,130 858 454 2,639 1,080 421 4,603 3,889 1,929 537 278 3,196 2,204 505 206 1,813 1,424 1,528 S332 3,360 2,301 2,453 1,997 1,239 2,389 1,768 1,108 11,365 5,975 1,052 7,358 5,641 3,629 5,923 2,343 8,755 7,971 3,505 449 584 1,856 1,599 1,384 $766 602 8,358 5,895 4,936 4,070 2,964 5,407 3,725 2,327 16,113 2,263 1,978 17,961 13,770 8,409 7,350 3,018 15,420 12,380 4,428 1,055 1,117 4,644 4,182 3,719 montclair mokristown New Brtjnswick. Orange Perth Amboy Phillipsburg Plainfield Union West Hoboken.. West New York 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1099 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 23 19 31 31 26 113 93 71 72 82 128 83 40 39 32 78 60 49 75 83 77 137 95 382 ; 252 151 218 201 307 6,448" 6,264 4,590 2,126 1,770 9,202 7,082 3,432 3,148 1,832 1,758 1,986 1,479 > 1,855 1,856 3,454 2,782 3,562 2,335 1,508 1,132 1918 873 766 9,619 6,337 2,906 2,812 48,968 29,787 9,795 7,061 4,064 3,912 2,998 11,829 2,299 1,477 2,455 1,443 $227 139 72 164 130 171 2,955 2,020 1,792 1,278 1,133 4,906 3,460 2,467 1,732 1,472 1,176 968 1,026 867 11,005 875 1,910 1,425 1,276 1,402 729 $993 669 419 367 369 299 6,567 4,549 4,158 1,939 1,442 135,745 104,077 5,576 4,770 3,566 2,761 1,530 1,154 2,090 1 2, 478 1,392 2,830 2,488 3,122 10,045 7,409 $1,432 1,026 621 684 724 704 14, 814 10,005 8,917 4,558 3,459 148,960 118,598 11,329 9,150 6,684 5,009 3,649 3,572 4,465 15,883 3,512 6,601 5,577 5,947 13,961 9,274 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the figures for 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 982 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE IND0STKY. WAGE EARNERS, DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 24 25 26 27 28 69 All industries 9,742 431,003 8,34210,915 Agricultural implements Artificial flowers Artificial stone products Artists' materials Automobile bodies and parts. Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Beltln.?, leather Belting and hose, rubber Rubber belting Rubber hose Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products. . , Bread and bakery products.. Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terrarcotta, and fire- clay products. Bmlding brick Sewer pipe and draintiie Fire brioK and stove lining Tile, other than draintiie Architectural and fireprooflng terra cotta. Brooms, from broom com Brushes Butter Buttons Canning and preserving, fish. Canning, fruits and vegetables Card cutting and designing Carpets and rugs, other than rag. . Carpets, rag , Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cement Chemicals China decorating, not Including that done in pottenes. Chocolate and cocoa products Cleansing and poUshing preparations. Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations , Clothing, men's Men's, youths', and boys'. Contract work Men's and youths' Boys' Clothing, men's, buttonholes. Clothing, women's Regular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists; dresses except house dresses; and under- garments and petticoats. Wrappers and house dresses . All other Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers, house dresses, and all other. 252 56 9 4 5 34 42 6 61 30 61 1,278 5 1,273 90 46 4 13 12 15 6 255 212 43 17 30 24 8 16 118 34 84 81 183 85 31 38 367 123 480 253 2,355 618 1,115 213 266 100 2,662 1,970 692 617 4,172 134 2,375 1,578 1,464 7,826 162 7,664 2,898 33 l,f)61 1,200 2,796 156 915 32 1,974 25 3,119 52 910 165 147 157 1,395 1,215 180 1,266 7,493 1,178 7,476 103 387 133 38 95 6,100 2,527 2,573 2,424 149 6,040 3,666 530 2,613 282 241 2,374 694 829 32 37 5 30 26 54 1,345 4 1,341 42 35 2 5 252 55 30 11 245 5' 2: 6 15 153 39 114 112 2 237 106 48 40 11 7 131 29,355 54 34 20 19 106 4 69 100 6 94 217 182 16 281 3 113 74 11 40 miitizetby-M 558" 16 6 ....:. 1 243 44 46 142 1 62 40 80 420 24 396 391 68 2 54 36 231 1 1 70 51 1 67 289 5 1 11 20 1 8 8 9 124 30 22 6 16 140 123 17 17 168 154 12 112 37 11 25 249 5 244 43 25 223 373, 605 270 112 531 777 144 227 57 2,239 1,625 614 502 3,834 122 2,176 1,469 1,236 5,712 123 5,589 7,786 2,691 25 1,457 1,113 2,500 127 822 19 1,773 21 872 124 122 141 1,046 924 122 1,228 6,835 1,012 6,276 92 322 65 17 48 4,715 2,290 2,425 2,280 145 5,423 3,238 454 2,366 238 180 2,185 597 778 535 Ap 383,830 Mh No Jy Oo Ap My Au Je Au Mh 353 133 419 241 2,294 618 826 260 Je Fe Mh Fe Mh 1,723 659 519 4,178 136 Ja 2,244 Je 1,653 Ap 1,320 Oc Au 138 5,817 Jy 3,656 My< 30 Ap 1,617 My -1, 178 Je 2,781 De Oc Je< Fe Ja 139 869 20 1,990 32 6,902 46 914 131 136 163 Je Je My 1,002 138 1,299 Ja 7,260 No 1,346 6,421 107 378 Je< Ja« Je 2,365 Se 2,670 Fe * 182 P) 5 Ap Oo Mh 497 2,617 No De 704 895 c^.^M@' Mh 644 De 356,057 Au ^/e Jy 136 De 1,6 235 196 Ja Fe Ja< Jy* 452 745 186 54 No No De No Jy De De 1,556 558 485 3,594 100 2,086 1,161 1,153 Je 106 Fe 5,381 Ja 1,396 De< 17 De 1,188 De 947 No 2,116 Ja « 117 De 792 Se 17 Jy 1,541 My« 14 Ja 1,318 No 28 De 845 Se « 118 No 112 Ja 120 De 861 Ja 107 Fe 1,134 My 6,6 De 395 Jy 5,991 Jy 77 Jy 233 .De< De Oc 2,175 De 2,096 Jy 95 « 5 Ja Jy De De 373 2,134 197 123 Jy De Je 447 535 206 457 C) 226 1,«80 453 774 199 244 66 2,217 1,643 128 2,171 1,470 1,199 6,840 134 5,706 8,352 3,345 28 1,452 1,176 2,352 139 863 20 1,768 27 6,288 33 845 130 121 142 1,020 902 118 1,182 6,759 1,274 6,462 79 63 17 46 4,961 2,308 2,653 2,482 171 5 6,864 3,407 460 2,484 244 1,457 634 970 277 « 12 380 200 1,626 452 771 143 219 64 1,876 1,540 336 294 2,390 45 664 1,348 1,168 6,344 83 5,261 7,885 3,310 28 1,450 757 2,340 134 648 19 1,186 26 2,932 31 651 104 120 108 1,017 899 118 1,180 6,756 1,270 6,838 28 211 46 12 34 2,602 1,122 1,480 1,443 37 4 465 270 126 534 401 51 6 77 23S 188 1,456 75 1,440 97 5 434 22 412 378 6 287 1 664 1 3,341 m 283 26 25 607 122 16 5 11 2,342 1,179 1,163 1,029 134 1 4,780 2,885 178 2,296 191 221 1,895 233 892 271 (») $1,352,381,873 1,663,645 69,704 712,016 1,231,741 4,660,689 1,920,792 1,12?, 149 161,232 278,848 179,960 8,753,432 6,256,080 2,497,352 981,497 4,620,556 1,721,658 2,993,885 3,254,160 10,469,209 195,776 10,273,433 19,908,166 5,576,506 67,656 5,330,248 1,681,367 7,263,389 108,633 1,579,215 92,734 2,166,981 43,300 8,974,203 73,794 2,446,824 88,308 327,064 90,665 2,089,876 1,862,572 237,304 2,129,043 11,787,067 37,680,612 116,999 1,353,994 248,244 94,111 154,133 2,470,802 2,062,867 407,945 370,646 37,300 1,089 3,136,821 2,727,773 187,462 2,140,220 198,963 201.128 409,048 111,198 150,797 45,917 101,136 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power other than electric. » No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms.' NEW JER&EY. 933 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract worlc. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. r Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 131,228,204 f38,619,340 $211,136,460 S9, 380, 405 $6, 266, 435 $18,249,102 8853,988,329 129,476, 265 Sl,406,633,414 5523,168,820 793,063 642,608 39,949 15,901 94,605 257,601 1 37,474 2,080 62,260 30,005 232,205 35,300 45,133 8,642 17,640 22,900 265,400 186,508 78,892 55,069 236,998 4,300 125,260 69,439 176,640 188,601 9,540 179,061 524,093 180,927 2,287 87,240 74,772 178,867 8,440 79,382 780 146,860 60, 661 1,028 9,924 30,427 179,201 77,443 27,140 3,639 200 27,976 490,346 420,296 70,050 64,530 174,131 2,270 88,361 58,820 90,564 473,990 30,979 443,011 449,030 77,297 988 73,736 40,770 266,239 6,786 40,171 1,983 47,993 650 402,497 2,764 13,280 2,278 5,050 500 20,407 19,367 1,050 11,672 374,919 178,673 1,055,956 3,028 32,694 34,368 14,941 19,427 130,043 109,359 20,684 20,684 178,462 31,475 213,130 139, 197 1,450,305 382,065 655,314 87,655 95,623 43,006 1,2.'J9,852 949, 852 310,000 276, 109 1,934,964 34,176 ■ 803,790 738,447 759,673 3,957,904 45,642 3,912,262 3,983,531 1,320,978 13,622 805, 097 492,833 1,361,001 39,745 4il,036 10,189 856,937 14,365 1,028,216 20,549 440,147 52,805 69,104 56,140 746,641 662,469 84,172 809,237 4,910,250 618,409 4,124,226 40,843 148,031 37,742 10,260 27,482 1,794,168 609,853 1,184,306 1,114,601 69,804 2,273 2,003,609 1,213,318 217,242 863,983 71,482 60,611 790,291 284,104 254,964 80,015 171,208 1,000 820 480 11,643 9,777 57,339 9,170 117,116 13,963 4,696 3,600 3,475 . 617 4,532 4,104 22,312 3,787 25,180 456 ,809 1,378 50,437 41,127 9,310 4,412 17,673 865 11,189 29,028 19,298 99,364 2,093 97,271 84,961 25,105 284 27,122 6,634 25,816 407 6,724 786 10,151 221 40,916 285 13,483 536 2,927 494 19,140 16, 708 2,432 9,568 93,474 24,678 223,601 832 6,717 1,793 385 1,408 25,866 23,027 2,839 2,777 62 2 7,978 5,694 535 3,542 612 905 2,384 591 Dm 652 437, 005 22,502 286,236 1,072,187 1,818,056 1,870,964 641, 107 158,698 122,346 202,197 6,071,816 3,497,624 1,674,191 219,795 4,734,637 88,163 1,148,106 2,750,270 2,995,147 12,469,182 220,667 12,238,516 1,294,620 222,006 3,860 356,462 330,492 381,800 150,152 858,706 215,507 1,036,923 161,392 6,495,234 40,543 1,342,018 53,764 126,604 62,908 838,994 764,604 74,390 732,781 4,210,343 1,759,660 16,099,844 56,097 1,548,974 195,300 58,710 136,590 2,638,100 2,583,83?; 54,263 50,025 4,238 390 2,895,144 2,826,589 657,778 1,872,235 202,062 194,614 68,555 52,406 zen 3,300 4,963 8,389 1,614 8,618 20,847 61,693 15,164 28,025 2,857 3,175 3,337 146,475 112,405 34,070 10,727 32,290 3,137 43,496 24,512 179,718 498,820 9,174 489,646 1,128,489 433,661 4,601 245,055 83,177 361,995 3,084 29,183 3,432 40,473 508 57,947 660 22,686 2,589 4,306 1,217 38,007 34,817 3,190 16,265 341,307 742,243 954.442 2,735 29,822 2,428 200 2,228 44, 115 20, 193 23,922 21,975 1,947 99 56,814 33,702 6,760 18,994 4,716 4,242 23,112 7,546 yim ' 3,072 5,561 930,724 79,427 723,410 1,498,852 5,366,290 2,882,126 1,922,559 348, 116 320,261 465,523 10,340,523 7,783,470 2,557,053 773,901 8,238,710 144,039 2,658,571 3,884,028 4,686,427 22,310,018 383,695 21,926,323 8,825,738 2,786,349 34,457 1,916,768 1,157,045 2,931,119 247,401 1,813,840 266,873 2,508,840 195,685 11,366,906 100,179 2,224,751 160,128 265,509 151,054 2,301,135 2,062,948 238,187 1, 614, 137 10,344,659 4,309,264 31,686,865 127,691 2,161,831 423, 408 178, 114 245,294 5,953,706 4,331,069 1, 622, 637 1,537,761 84,886 6,650 6,768,076 5,510,958 1,027,591 3,597,127 471,622 414,618 1,257,118 680,824 104,899 230,772 485,330 55,311 427,656 405,818 3,475,541 995,998 1,363,427 186,661 194,730 259,989 b,V2!i,13& 4,173,441 948,792 543,379 3,471,883 62,739 1,466,969 1,109,246 1,511,662 9,352,016 153, 864 9,198,162 6,402,629 2,130,682 25,996 1,315,261 743,376 2,187,324 94,165 925,951 37,934 1,431,444 33,785 4,813,725 58,976 860,047 103,775 134,599 86,929 1,424,134 1,263,527 160,607 865,091 5,793,009 1,807,361 14,632,579 68,859 583,035 225,680 119,204 106,476 3,271,491 1,727,039 1,544,452 1,465,761 78,701 6,161 3,816,118 2,650,667 464,063 1,705,898 264,844 216,862 1, 165„451 620,872 0325,794 98,527 220, 258 518 10 703 1,437 2,564 613 1,052 51 561 86 10,260 8,484 1,776 363 1,814 67 1,635 1,522 5,798 4,599 137 4,462 19,103 9,030 158 3,625 .1,170 5,220 60 1,024 109 1,912 2 2,944 11 1,095 127 293 56 1,239 1,123 116 3,853 11,203 16,935 18,563 4 1,342 112 4 108 786 441 345 293 52 2 1,300 842 97 606 144 95 458 105 143 43 167 136 288 70 25 10 V 116 87 1,360 58 759 46 93 74 1,511 1,480 31 136 151 32 377 135 1,139 2,694 77 2,617 1,919 486 400 2" 143 713 595 12 2,045 1,782 263 ■"■455" 123 859 203 585 "■""685" 5,240 1,322 s 1 3,426 347 975 1,065 650 22 ■"'sei' 12 8,420 6,760 1,660 211 1,651 35 878 1,329 4,362 1,514 60 1,454 17,084 8,614 135 2,415 815 5,205 33 390 109 1,185 234 50 138 5 271 5 27 6 325 1 ■""so" 4 1^ 77,401 6 7 2,959 675 8 9 10 11 1,200 6 6 5' 112 323 238 85 1 I") 13 1,200 3,963 32,732 14 12,383 25,180 2,244 65,062 10,749 26,646 381,176 5,378 375,798 11,450 7,370 1,200 2,400 480 15 16 17 2,437 28,060 914 8,288 380 58 272 390 ""25" 1 18 19 20 21 ?? 8,288 298 298 390 100 30 23 47 1 23 24 25 '6 1,063 355 15 20 568 1,904 75 1,939 15 85 27 ?S ?9 150 25 2,084 9,505 276 57,212 780 14,720 4,004 1,866 3,746 5,220 2,580 39,466 32,854 6,612 7 49 ....... 30 31 5,405 271 15 441 . 2 12 11 30 19 28 11 523 453 70 3,853 737 137 966 ■""iso" 58' 58 8,946 4,814 9,277 58 103 88 78" io" 15 15 33 34 '333,053 7,445 51,794 3,231 13 936 2,781 150 1 35 16 765 83 260 40 149 142 7 "■■25' 15 5 528 489 39 300 "■■■39" 39 37 IS 16,240 8,351 23,883 21,620 2,263 34,606 258,113 75,343 99.3,640 5,460 33,736 30.684 8,702 21,982 92,694 78,670 14, 124 11,680 2,444 1,700 39 4(1 5,681 5,436 245 154 11,853 50,490 49,030 41 42 43 10,388 16,935 15,630 78 15 1,000 30,342 1,440 8,600 4,110 1,073 3,037 73,666 48,946 24,720 22,640 2,180 468 106,776' 67,062 10,908 52,988 1,692 1,464 39,724 20,142 11,832 4,550 3,200 46 1,615 1,318 4 352 13 1 12 574 348 223 184 42 2 619 304 77 102 42 83 315 97 129 39 50 47 198 990 86 86' 74 69 5 5 13 3 10 138 24 114 104 10 50 go 441,826 400,500 41,326 41,326 53 54 .55 56 197,893 147,806 15,923 96,973 14,220 20,689 50,088 21,719 13,715 4,810 9,844 238,379 218,236 14,657 179,206 11,070 13,403 20, 143 17,321 1,760 750 312 34,783 27,558 21,827 1,166 449 391 ■■""333' 68 58' 3 55 224 139 20 63 44 12 85 5 14 4 62 8 8 8" 69 60 61 62 4,565 7,225 3,103 64 65 68 4,122 69 4 g«Tr,i^ r,»rr.>.^Y ^fyitllftl fOF 0116 QX 111016 01^61 SlOnthS. 6 Samft nninhpr rfinn^tpH thrnnp''hnnf. fho voar 934 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Tied offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- 'agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minlmimi month. WAGE EARNERS, DEC. IS, OR NEAREST REPKESENTATIVB DAT. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male. Fe- male, Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED^INDUSTHIES— Continued. 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 113 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Cofans, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Chewing gum Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . Cordage and twine Cordials and flavoring sirups , Cork, outtmg Corsets Cotton goods , Cutlery and edge tools Scissors, shears , and clippers Table cutlery .razors, axes, hatch- ets, and pocketknives. All other Dental goods Dyeing and finishing textiles DyestufTs and extracts Electrical machinery, apparatus , and ■supplies. Electroplating Enameling Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving and diesinking,. ..- Fancy articles,not elsewhere specified Metal novelties Celluloid, paper, and wood novel- ties. All other Fertilizers Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and ^'istmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specilled. Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture "Wood, other than rattan and wil- low. Rattan and willow Metal Store and olllce fLxtures Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric and other fixtures. Gas, illuminating and heating. , Gas machines and gas and water me- ters. Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gold, leal and foil Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Soap stock Another Hardware Locks Hinges and other builders' hard- ware. Another Hardware, saddlery Hat and cap materials Hats and caps, other than felt, straw , and wool. 17 7 4 147 69 6 72 35 163 19 196 472 SI 421 14 22 66 36 6 9 16 6 25 12 13 43 191 206 58- 2,485 1,716 204 565 977 1,997 801 28 639 2,912 7,409 1,754 704 785 265 13 12,702 630 17,657 252 7 834 167 984 478 172 334 1,833 201 623 1,387 21,413 4,166 17,247 4,258 2,676 807 1,293 305 2,392 2,060 332 3,750 450 6,224 794 169 270 277 196 81 2,111 244 123 1,744 263 395 34 12 7 1 143 61 42 170 1 2 3 16 14 221 75 358 30 328 14 24 57 34 5 2 16 9 11 8 3 3 16 13 1 3 103 4 281 47 12 49 12 2 157 107 15 35 25 74 24 159 129 116 49 61 2 667 108 2,182 21 26 52 737 108 629 76 20 2 37 17 5 64 32 22 179 22 81 35 4 26 75 5 52 29 6 IS 203 22 26 356 1,855 402 1,453 2 195 189 52 2 74 61 11 194 156 38 1,249 261 25 61 10 28 1 1 11 120 42 38 16 18 1 123 21 651 22 7 36 13 7 16 26 7 9 92 364 67 297 2 81 67 10 1 36 20 2 37 26 11 114 13 93 31 1 Owned power only. nmizMwrnmofm ^^ ' o T AmtAna l-QTtf.PI 106 184 48 1,983 1,410 173 400 879 1,642 760 12 570 2,592 7,144 1,551 616 691 244 6 11,683 343 14,405 198 3 677 112 816 403 149 263 1,530 137 341 812 18,099 3,659 14, 540 76 3,920 2,287 691 1,144 374 278 2,096 1,838 268 2,205 325 6,784 672 149 179 218 154 64 1,891 193 101 1,597 224 360 Jy 108 Ja8 190 Je 3 60 No 1,922 Oc 223 Au 3 687 Se 961 My 1, 769 My 814 Au' 13 Mh 777 Mh My 2,844 7,432 Fe Ja No 650 770 263 (') 6 Mh 12,261 Oe 362 Ja 16,208 De JyS Fe De 244 4 725 126 Oc No Se 613 179 322 Mh 1,997 No 159 De 349 Fe 870 Mh 3,808 My 15,306 De Oc 108 4,024 De Mys Se Jy 1,209 403 417 Oc 2,291 Oc 269 Je 2,414 No 379 Mh 7,040 De 726 ^/e 168 186 Je Ap 170 70 Mh Ja Ja De Mh 215 114 274 387 De » 105 Au 175 De' 35 Je 1,143 Fe 116 Ja 250 Fe' 839 Au 1,528 De 676 Fe' 11 No 338 No 2,213 No 6,824 530 626 221 ^7 My Ja 0) 6 De 10,746 Fe 333 Oc 13,009 Ja Ja' Oc Ap 169 2 622 106 De Ja 350 13S 215 Au 1,271 Fe 117 MyS 334 Au 732 De 3,161 No 13,302 My 23 De 3,761 Ja 623 Au 72 Fe 1,058 Ap 363 Ja 113 Ja 1,619 Ja 247 No 1,938 My 288 Au 1,883 Jy 604 De No 136 169 142 49 No No 167 92 Jy 1,616 Se Je Ap 202 342 191 105 181 53 2,178 1,647 145 386 933 1,709 669 11 629 2,362 7,126 1,622 614 647 261 6 10,733 339 13,647 247 4 654 104 825 414 138 273 1,626 . 145 330 17,303 3,271 14,032 lOS 3,792 2,397 798 80 1,158 417 2,381 2,086 276 1,990 353 6,994 721 159 184 160 62 1,889 178 100 1,611 387 309 84 166 61 1,015 603 46 366 916 1,646 424 11 510 200 3,169 1,268 680 449 239 9,278 203 2,126 3,557 232 29 184 19 2 1,671 11 4,291 43 4 533 265 181 1,619 81 350 661 16,755 3,236 13,519 59 407 2,362 774 1,137 361 388 1,012 758 264 1,988 297- 6,620 599 76 175 210 149 61 1,405 160 95 1,150 245 230 57 240 15 274 143 43 163 469 27 442 47 3,283 33 12 28 1,306 1,286 21 64 1 1 463 18 5 430 9 157 188 121 138 21 6 13 144 24 17 262 1 $828,006 404,383 233,670 4,814,357 2,625,488 904,902 1,283,967 2,760,721 2,458,827 3,127,210 106,150 1,697,493 2, 917,, 67 20,885,018 2,327,686 1,141,939 ■ 907,'624 278,023 63,894 32,939,872 3,830,109 44,639,466 546,242 2,424 3,611,802 65,681 1,284,615 761,518 148,655 374,542 13,505,686 373,637 2,616,139 3,653,337 6,5,767,744 17,054,854 47,802,890 198,364 5,542,670 4,335,164 1,469,615 62,802 2,347,828 655,019 354,266 9,725,332 9,267,499 467,833 94,619,320 1,589,444 8,739,988 1,024,876 67,116 1,620,614 660,697 409,608 141, 1E9 3,751,140 395,943 190,130 3,165,067 564,608 1,349,928 354,489 Includes rented power, other than electric. "^ NEW JERSEY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914--Continued. 935 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For eontract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- iitedin estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. . ■Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wnee.s and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 138,478 1,820 3,220 140.728 85,917 17,247 37,564 51,620 151,066 46, 141 18, 431 56,215 171,963 306,751 106,661 51,925 37,320 17,416 8,430 840,360 218,537 1,335,871 28,758 144,162 6,214 104,847 54,269 15,580 34,998 188,983 44,267 23,884 134,948 1,771,354 345,918 1,425,436 1,823 117,712 204,217 . 51,999 2,860 107,095 42,263 24,809 150,589 111,762 38,827 333,733 56,420 218,547 47,382 5,320 80,348 27,041 16,241 11,800 274,660 44,094 5,975 224,591 37,296 19,796 13,170 146,855 13,783 4,470 182,704 134,432 14,071 34,201 29.881 78,540 23,111 17,212 38,020 351,919 167,559 142,066 63,244 70, 174 8,648 966 635,754 251, 178 11,304 93,179 4,446 89,958 53,175 6,050 30,733 282,259 26,231 16,858 328,617 2,245,171 579,430 1,665,741 2,328 300, 758 196,864 67,614 1,108 92,094 36,048 19,144 249,659 214,478 35, 181 892,943 128,815 321,510 28,965 1,040 53,249 6,709 5,581 1,128 184,219 43,006 . 9,882 131,331 16.440 7,325 24,251 $63,140 119,368 33,347 892, 172 508,382 70,176 313, 614 584,718 1,097,419 315,312 4,520 310, 168 1,007,782 3, 149, 017 699,503 328,074 230,439 140,990 2,978 5,926,467 216,017 7,866,849 94,644 1,642 514, 118 69, 799 422,946 208,232 70,840 143,874 813,819 58,599 187, 796 426,436 11,960,849 2,240,606 9,720,243 42,068 1,419,729 1,384,265 440,107 48,195 646,510 249,453 156,641 933,522 782,848 150,674 761,482 218,695 3,770,258 342,947 54,007 146,875 129,060 82,587 46,473 906,891 111,203 64,182 731,606 152,^28 147,766 172,008 $2,057 1,167 1,700 9,567 800 6,000 12,225 1,891 1,891 1,931 325 1,200 $14,317 7,872 89,804 51,966 9,456 28,392 11, 136 39, 781 2,968 359 19,404 192 52 19,160 11,789 219,042 8,359 210,683 400 24,018 3,331 2,504 827 2,354 30O 10,083 2,394 600 2,033 4,789 1,950 8,521 49,889 9,206 16,642 200 9,978 6,464 960 62,583 8,150 128,697 5,230 640 6,648 7,606 26,944 12,546 6,767 7,632 3,311 5,803 19,374 36,446 313,733 11,552 302,181 11,864 20,488 27,414 9,969 4,080 7,250 6,116 3,914 38,364 31,050 7,314 6,273 3,060 2,718 9,447 2,291 3,624 2^916 1,965 950 29,637 1,400 28,037 6,016 3,270 6,234 $4,971 3,417 1,032 42,063 15, 480 18,647 7,936 25,688 16,861 18, 270 625 12,736 12, 426 118, 906 11,513 7,531 2,644 1,338 479 153,794 20,598 186,825 1,423 • 11,237 171 5,786 3,156 1,616 1,015 57,424 4,148 16,579 21,604 289,970 74,573 215,397 1,514 14,561 24,127 9,123 332 11,531 3,141 3,270 28,022 26,850 1,172 616,614 4,854 48,881 3,052 662 11,093 3,296 2,346 950 22,646 1,889 1,035 19,622 $3,214,584 244,336 501,601 4,282,718 2,53.3,901 452, 630 1,296,187 2,689,241 1,831,600 2,250,050 51,517 1,032,149 2, 287, 369 9, 671, 836 648,475 196,332 260,499 91,644 28,194 12,740,161 2,992,860 20,028,172 83,690 260 662,344 29,191 694,684 299, 767 84,676 210,241 7,461,663 585,336 3,555,023 7,256,901 16,420,727 3,105,817 12,314,910 78,980 3,636,274 2,392,850 516,032 53,147 1,448,046 375,626 51,476 3,388,358 3,162,636 226,822 1,396,975 364,321 1,749,169 633,756 125,986 8,961,061 799,760 443,923 356,837 1,366,070 179,290 47,994 1,137,786 9,615 10,896 626,418 1,148,091 302,091 350,526 3,949 2,449 [ifakizWh/mmtM- Same number reported for one or more OTher months. 4 satno nut, 213,712 786:669 283, Of ~ $10,459 ' 6, 402 9,843 98,901 56,599 8,874 33,428 22,786 31,067 31, 358 410 19,648 279, 136 49,038 19,280 19,379 10,379 1,220 965,839 50,779 621,104 7,684 313 29,344 1,504 23,157 9,047 6,191 ,8,919 136,531 6,528 34,988 77,812 830,547 251,160 679,397 904 26,607 65,056 18,321 822 35,311 10,601 15,266 60,846 51,089 9,757 2,678,487 30,266 782,033 14,784 2,260 39, 736 20,970 14,763 6,207 61,039 9,769 6,742 45,628 $3,451,165 486,579 697,434 7,078,563 3,889,282 999,319 2,189,962 3,764,288 4, 092, 200 2,863,318 109,888 1,693,892 4,737,474 16,317,490 2,260,102 904,006 1,042,693 313,603 47,768 27,986,512 4,968,962 40,740,810 337, 587 10,095 1,756,278 175,324 1,474,681 717, 787 222,622 634,272 11,197,690 828,303 4,320,424 9,478,997 41,869,838 7,748,186 34,121,653 182,846 6,241,486 6,462,754 1,474,112 124,140 2,998,075 866,427 350,169 5,229,179 4,735,221 493,958 14,020,050 1,027,266 7,597,754 1,601,358 229,863 10,078,176 1,184,942 700,083 484,869 3,543,987 469,945 170, 168 2,903,874 S226, 122 236,842 85,990 2,696,944 1,298,782 637, 815 860,347 1,042,261 2,229,533 681,910 57, 961 492,860 2, 430, 567 6,366,518 1,662,589 688,394 762,716 211,480 18,364 14,280,612 1,925,323 20,191,634 246,213 9,632 1,074,590 144,629 866,840 408,973 132,755 315,112 3,610,606 236,439 730,413 2,144,284 26,618,564 4,391,218 21,227,346 102,961 2,678,704 3,004,849 70,171 1,614,718 480,201 283,419 1,779,975 1,621,696 268,379 9,944,688 632,689 5,066,662 952,818 101,618 1,077,390 364,212 241,397 122,815 2,117,878 280,886 116,432 1,720,560 534 3,677 1,493 318 1,866 1,508 1,368 3,366 15 2,011 987 20,617 1,634 538 726 370 29 22,876 1,625 22,860 279 6 2,772 65 592 214 127 251 6,829 219 8,870 37,578 9,357 28,221 163 1,229 3,587 1,829 17 1,224 517 1,136 852 284 10,397 768 2,897 339 41 720 631 378 253 3,239 212 196 2,831 308 704 82 300 240 310 725 100 995 1,350 615 3,360 15 126 630 17,561 885 476 260 160 21,968 1,491 11,616 2,362 20 263 78 85 100 4,215 154 l,7o0 1,741 28,636 7,326 21,310 150 1,005 3,046 1,686 916 446 902 782 120 90 2,451 163 10 622 375 253 2,818 185 163 2,470 250 615 40 637 6 18 235 4 11 28 256 28 210 658 405 9 158 73 24 61 159 42 1,372 188 1,857 148 1,709 92 124 58 15 19 32 33 49 1,830 52 61 132 13 27 150 27 28 95 46 18 4 640 12 5,334 60 615 85 530 30 199 9 73 1,320 763 218 339 140 518 2 346 1,388 481 35 214 202 635 134 10,636 57 6 6 36 171 63 18 90 1,456 23 434 330 6,471 1,799 4,672 117 387 66 2 290 40 103 162 37 115 626 395 44 271 "h 266 12 41 38 70 62 10 707 419 18 1,100 8,386 85 8,561 705 37 37 6 4 245 18,207 1.^5,568 12,639 512 826 604 146 77 25 726 726 144 618 50 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 HI 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 316 ,123 40 '124 40 125 .'126 671 50 621 40 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 * Same number reported throughout the year. 936 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE, THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. •WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofla- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Hale. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 179 180 181 182 183 Hats, fur-felt. Hats, straw... Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Ink, .printing Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. Iron and steel, east-iron pipe. . , Iron and steel forglngs Iron and steel, wrought pipe.. Japanning Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Lamps and reflectors Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather,tanned,ourried, and finished. Lime Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Looking-glass and picture frames. Lumber and timber products Lumber, planin^-mill products, not including planing muls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds MiUlnery and lace goods Embroideries Trimmed hats, hat frames, dress and cloak trimmings, and braids and fringes. Women's neckwear All other Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes. Oil, not elsewhere specified Fish oil All other Oilcloth and linoleum, floor.. Oilclotli, enameled Optical goods Paints Paper and Wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds. . Paving materials Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving. Photographic apparatus Pickles, preserves,'and sauces.. Pottery Chinaware Earthen and stone ware . 189 Printing and publishing, book and job. 190 Job printing 191 Book pubUshlug and printing 192 Book publishing without printing 193 Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 194 Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job Printing, put printing. Publishing without printing. 10 7 24 84 12 18 29 11 11 167 181 132 25 276 248 189 14 12 31 33 24 108 29 8 7 7 41 50 43 7 359 350 5 4 320 23 237 60 4,724 428 4,318 780 517 5,170 198 3,636 284 416 30 4,401 157 106 942 6,686 61 49 3,162 54 106 1,240 ,2,907 6,267 4,022 160 1,791 987 336 172 389 270 947 546 742 216 526 2,020 400 117 1,786 3, 198 1,078 1, 148 1,422 5,786 63 79 542 6,603 6,244 419 2,420 2,345 69 6 3,995 1,416 2,425 25 9 166 21 11 10 184 143 30 267 7 208 5 5 56 364 4 3 236 14 183 1 Owned power only. 120 17 85 87 32 77 20 15 2 245 6 13 17 171 1 5 168 11 3 18 191 72 135 101 23 14 61 13 48 39 7 7 75 97 47 107 60 131 21 181 166 15 124 118 5 1 225 67 130 134 15 186 393 20 163 13 41 1 359 3 27 42 1 384 5 5 10 32 19 205 165 7 207 67 140 86 45 3 310 111 68 198 83 432 166 157 137 13 1 500 292 23 5 1 1 223 13 76 218 74 113 :pi^mcftfMi(:^i^gm 4,401 382 4,025 621 278 4,639 168 3,421 240 359 17 3,408 137 110 854 5,108 46 26 2,588 26 84 1,026 2,377 181 5,573 3,458 136 277 1,702 667 292 147 313 242 852 515 426 124 302 1,858 332 90 1,333 2,927 907 696 1, 264 5,178 37 447 5,225 4,843 1,651 46 1 2,470 761 .1, 701 Ja Oc Au Ja Mh 4,566 470 4,210 847 295 4,913 179 Jv 3,585 De 253 Mh 446 Ja 28 Mh 3,588 No 154 Ja 125 Oo 907 Ja Ap Oo Au Se No De 5,466 55 54 2,646 37 119 1,111 Ja 2,461 Au Se» 1,351 183 Mh 3,785 Mh 229 Oc Fe 336 1,942 Fe Oo» My Oo Oc My 313 152 324 260 524 Oc De Ja Mh» Fe Ap Oo My Je Se Fe' Je3 Se 159 340 1,949 354 108 1,379 2,994 950 718 1,634 5,524 41 78 1,172 Ja Fe 4,967 405 Mh De 1,773 51 1 No De 803 1,734 My 4,274 Jy 193 Ja De De 3,873 435 .7 De 4,416 Oo 160 No 2,994 Ja 227 De 234 Je» 8 De 3,140 Jy3 No Ja De 4,667 De 40 127 80 816 ^/e 12 e 2,526 No 18 De 53 Au 888 De 2,201 Fe Au 178 2,925 72 Fe 235 Au 1,640 De De Au Jy 582 260 136 210 782 505 De Se 100 269 De 1,775 Se 312 Se 77 Oo 1,286 No 2,898 Ja 843 De 665 De 886 Fe 4,953 De» 35 Des 53 Ja 242 De 4,573 Se 371 An 1,427 Ap 40 4,439 509 4,086 658 268 4,795 175 3,438 254 326 21 3,422 151 89 914 4,815 45 49 2,593 47 68 1,198 2,268 5,812 3,699 161 310 1,642 639 284 148 '842 517 432 149 283 1,783 318 102 1,349 2,928 904 707 1,383 6,204 35 53 438 5,177 4,785 392 1,733 1,685 47 1 2,504 761 1,735 Mh 729 Je 1,683 (<) 8 (ower, other than electric. 3,335 148 1,526 657 268 4,784 174 3,427 254 324 18 2,615 109 66 500 4,709 45 49 2,589 46 59 1,189 2,263 152 1,444 1,071 - 85 33 255 619 282 135 324 165 714 222 413 147 266 1,745 306 44 1,239 2,733 428 1,383 5,194 35 53 256 4,219 4,011 208 1,462 1,419 42 1 2,215 713 1,498 1,092 360 2,425 2 776 41 21 404 101 4,198 2,521 71 1,338 11 2 8 4 85 128 261 17 20 53 104 177 235 '"s 164 907 735 172 237 233 4 44 209 33 155 96 9 2 47 8 1 4 1 1 2 6 20 14 2 2 18 12 14 15,265,551 563,087 6,812,874 4,417,538 2,223,375 35,061,996 784,858 7,508,602 608,976 1,69.3,329 38,525 14,414,733 158,478 467,478 1,406,605 23,349,973 103,482 281,992 46,316,374 396,264 163,707 982,225 7,016,558 3,263,665 415,813 7,889,950 4,711,903 309,268 108,625 2,760,154 1,981,807 1,372,148 385,399 412,835 457,351 2,052,711 654,452 6,865,993 1,593,458 5,272,535 8,665,983 2,316,949 140,786 9,268,814 13,697,982 4,139,117 4,351,323 4,416,579 77,364,114 177,937 178,500 1,711,116 11,241,583 10,464,368 777,215 3,996,641 3,759,193 197,125 40,323 6,167,916 2,225,788 3,863,596 78,532 NEW JERSEY. 3E MOTIE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 937 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture; POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including mternal revenue and coi-- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. t211,743 33,281 196,885 34,409 232,176 401,275 22,992 174,854 22,674 46,340 1,000 614,831 4,804 33, 197 69,127 347,606 600 884 587,220 2,455 6,840 158,042 37,260 17,696 250,748 178,623 13,328 19,800 38,997 38,088 18,878 11,691 5,688 8,760 82,078 11,076 394,951 113, 138 281,813 141,778 60,434 7,913 413,585 175,251 92,234 332,447 99,121 566,990 4,357 1,116 39,096 237,288 213,876 23,413 149,822 141,373 8,249 200 905,502 674,160 293,476 37,867 12,602,691 201, (»8 2,243,889 434,363 207,096 2,969,173 94,790 1,991,079 160,224 208, 169 12,574 2,220,649 ' 78,264 74,421 405,459 3,259,651 20,205 14,442 2,397,645 15,840 42,637 1,609,916 1,010,375 95,304 2,658,816 1,786,745 67,837 101,370 602,864 429,936 170,978 80,499 257,692 111,517 656,994 216,421 299,083 86,628 212,455 1,085,260 201,422 47,316 769,958 1,709,094 475,467 378,566 727,168 4,000,530 32,464 48,256 209,112 3,683,327 3,414,225 169,102 1,092,477 1,057,048 34,648 780 2,076,626 737,585 1,335,646 3,395 $1,115 185,981 7,561 150 7,727 48,120 18,187 691 199,010 155 60,570 24,324 13,304 51, 194 660 270,885 263,909 1,200 15,776 530 5,767 600 100 17,599 17,599 1,743 11,488 1,947 11,624 35,394 560 2,400 1,018 8,186 2,493 6,693 47,042 34,943 3,129 8,970 264,364 613 123,742 140,009 $22, 192 2,700 37,475 7,820 8,240 3,034 2,160 600 133,019 4,685 2,526 9,042 81,436 913 100 7,600 1,325 3,610 1,829 78,641 16,053 6,102 127,494 107, 139 3,990 2,960 13,405 37,773 3,183 10,400 7,136 336 1,068 30,514 19,459 11,065 8,420 54,092 22,767 38,076 42,322 46,497 3,960 5,100 10,775 . 10,665 10,155 410 111,877 107,560 3,977 340 161,684 51,233 91,940 8,411 $20,949 28,422 41,388 9,621 87,668 2,781 42,672 2,916 6,011 207 41,855 964 2,078 7,025 106,553 741 63,867 3,758,064 7,073 979 17,599 41,813 15,869 3,455 31,774 20,562 851 481 15,759 7,783 1,434 1,908 3,613 14,541 3,265- 38,886 4,353 34,533 47,096 7,945 63,091 82,178 38,875 17,418 737,499 209 1,070 6,395 68,557 61,862 4,696 18,893 17,762 1,093 38 45,671 21,832 23,413 $3,666,823 382,618 3,259,219 160,949 9^, 146 4,006,275 150,489 4,379,831 179,230 413,351 10,790 5,460,438 109,506 73,486 1,025,727 21, 763, 713 8,760 49,617 6,117,580 44,060 162,901 356,836 4, 136, 700 1,142,695 426,343 3,807,642 2,218,001 17^,928 120,297 1,295,416 936,193 614,969 309,948 101,407 123,083 804,091 193,790 6,750,338 2,244,384 4,505,964 6,188,941 2,195,767 66,800 7,352,433 6,307,826 2,863,542 1,914,127 2,350,332 77,082,827 21,934 38,684 1,291,769 1,585,275 1,634,265 51,010 1,541,676 1,515,872 25,684 120 1,709,736 689,0^4 426 3 Same number reported for one or more other nionths. $141,219 8,971 76,203 366,376 27,409 1,179,193 11,386 403,870 31,410 47, 152 1,349 64,501 3,630 10,440 316,918 .16,499 3,934 466,977 1,544 1,141 7,845 97,904 32,606 5,462 106,189 80,885 3,800 3,329 18,175 29,992 60,972 5,946 10,653 4,620 21,686 7,411 71,849 19,727 52,122 244,636 30,660 2,218 202,962 873,439 51,784 63,305 190,944 2,308,733 1,402 1,642 ■ 27,676 665,526 544,726 20,799 70,371 67,168 3,213 115,976 35,044 80,636 $7,969,344 843,776 7,849,566 1,656,361 2,094,572 10,420,452 263,818 7,352,798 487,668 1,027,623 40,875 11,347,456 241,335 246, 604 1, 831, 799 31,661,831 62,205 152,414 20,481,896 150, 735 298, 393 1,289,970 7,258,686 2,846,685 690,644 10,486,723 6,306,823 325,826 355,960 3,497,^114 2,062,941 1,048,822 608,209 661,568 353,854 1,737,722 697,066 9,290,437 2,644,710 6,646,727 8,663,161 2,731,150 181,091 10,853,242 10,931,431 4,673,513 5,001,736 4,434,259 90,876,993 120,900 2,202,364 7,867,709 7,503,665 364,044 4,291,465 4,160,170 123,727 17,668 7,413,284 2,919,867 4,148,716 Digpt^zed^y Mmo^oM© $4,281,302 452, 187 4,514,134 1,029,036 1,144,017 5,234,984 91,944 2,569,097 277,028 667, 120 28,736 6,822,616 129,803 169,488 795, 632 9,571,200 36,946 98,963 14,897,339 105, 131 134,351 926,289 3,023,982 1,671,384 258,839 6,671,892 4,007,937 148,098 232,334 2,183,623 1,087,756 482,881 192,316 449,608 226,251 912,045 396,865 2,468,260 380,699 2,087,661 3,219,686 604,833 112,073 3,297,847 3,750,166 1,758,187 3,024,304 1,892,983 11,485,433 60,102 80,674 882,919 5,716,909 5,424,674 292,235 2,679,518 2,667,140 94,930 17,448 5,587,572 2,195,809 3,079,273 4,722 193 2,516 13, 658 1,346 36,971 400 4,785 702 777 12 1,915 58 168 407 12,306 W,036 100 11 5,817 10,093 2,767 215 1,709 1,110 113 450 938 3,245 121 421 244 1,426 329 3,476 587 2,888 7,438 785 88 6,479 29,695 2,362 1,804 8,766 26,498 50 75 837 3,724 3,421 303 2,023 1,963 70 3,632 1,329 2,302 4,578 136 1,644 13,230 1,065 34,755 300 3,155 406 665 378 150 275 9,636 310 16,563 95 4,787 7,244' 1,933 50 524 199 326 422 3,018 75 112 240 1,380 304 2,723 568 2,155 6,445 785 40 6,706 24,248 1,816 1,447 7,788 22,834 2,816 2,728 88 415 415 870 605 285 197 100 1,450 845 34 404 356 607 341 142 10 3 71 5 717 717 12 130 1,205 147 114 350 3,664 74 21 84 39 45 174 174 435 3 432 26 630 22 300 604 112 1 217 26 3,392 109 63 520 78 191 1,665 180 200 112 12 24 10 63 2,192 11 70 2,130 127 818 77 43 238 46 20 36 19 16 993 618 850 399 243 617 50 1 153 824 854 170 1,434 1,364 70 2,297 721 1,575 718 1,328 598 411 11,674 65 6,128 363 179 6,020 3,507 963 315 9 213 848 128 593 30 663 6,508 1,106 3,283 2,463 1,109 313 1,368 7,553 563 937 937 341 447 416 32 134 136 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 146 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 165 156 157 168 169 160 181 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 > Same number reported throughout the year. 938 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDTJSTKT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EAENEES DEC. 15, OB NEAREST EEPEESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Ann mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, supcr- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Avei^ age num- ber. Number, liith day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Regalia and society badges and em- blems. Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Scales and balances Shipbuilding, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden,lncluding boat building. New vessels Repair work only gmall boats and masts and spars. Shirts Signs and advertising novelties. . Silk goods, including throwsters. Finished products Throwing and winding Silversmithing and silverware. . Slaughtering and meat packing. Smelting and refining, copper. . . Soda-water apparatus . Sporting and athletic goods Stamped ware Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Stereotjrping and electrotyping Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. . Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roIUng mills. Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco manufactures Tools, not elsewhere specified Carpenters' and machinists' tools. AH other Toys and games Trunks and valises Typewriters and supplies Upholstering materials, not else- where specified. Varnishes Vinegar and cider Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Wall plaster Window and door screens and weather strips. Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. Wood , turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Woolen and worsted goods All other industries * 79 16 17 46 34 25 368 309 59 25 56 4 16 6 394 48 27 26 444 543 7,773 154 338 5,607 1,374 485 597 3,839 1,184 30,344 27, 832 2,512 1,412 2,532 3,770 2,930 110 147 2,497 76 726 52 1,054 3,030 1,048 265 1,440 17,683 1,346 22 1,324 470 756 55 1,200 243 30 487 1,212 130 56 14,797 60,639 52 44 20 294 245 49 15 46 2 374 24 222 22 219 8 3 17 79 50 20 21 45 54 513 467 46 42 79 43 57 11 37 100 25 14 32 265 46 1 45 8 37 116 ,146 4 19 67 382 56 7 41 148 135 942 913 29 94 313 359 491 5 112 115 239 48 2 78 5 41 69 32 223 1 156 17 1 16 50 343 4,529 33 334 100 134 332 316 16 79 61 24 319 5 30 316 39 3 36 9 26 29 14 49 1 36 3 1 6 34 3 1 34 1,6 392 6,316 95 164 244 6,142 1,182 444 524 214 3,602 841 28,263 25,891 2,372 1,182 2,033 3,344 2,057 85 121 2,263 62 622 882 2,603 224 16,830 1,142 12 1,130 440 720 428 313 963 206 20 441 1,046 94 14,280 63,044 Je 69 My 424 Je 6,906 Jy 103 Fe 186 278 6,602 Jy s 504 Je 588 Mv 268 Mh 3,678 900 My 27,128 My 2,646 Ja Ja Oo My Oc Oc Ja Oc W No Au Oc Fe 1,269 2,300 3,683 2,124 102 136 2,518 73 662 42 1,056 2,880 975 255 Je 1,629 Mh 16,456 Mh3 13 Mh 1,187 Se 604 Ap 871 Mh 502 My 344 Je Oc 417 76 Ja 1, 220 Se 245 Au» 21 De 464 Ap 1,105 My 3 Oo3 Oo 14,676 Se3 65 De 357 Ja 6,gC9 De' 90 Jy > 145 De 173 No 4,810 Oc 372 Fe 434 De 162 Au 3,341 Mh 775 De 23,740 De 2,106 My 1,116 No 1,848 No 2,763 De 1,914 No 68 Fe 105 De 2,076 Oc 66 Ja 533 (<) 42 Jy 483 Ap 2,444 Se De 804 190 De 961 De 14,968 Jy3 11 Jy 1,027 Ja 302 De 528 De 270 Au 295 No Ap 384 9 Au 546 Fe 166 Ja3 19 Au 419 Oc 1,001 Au' Ja Ja 13,447 69 382 6,203 92 183 194 4,986 1,144 3,558 840 27,766 26,399 2,367 1,227 2,080 3,223 2,064 130 2,157 61 650 42 984 2,634 943 211 1,336 1.5,238 1,200 12 1,188 495 707 409 299 1,070 175 20 44 376 5,409 84 181 4,985 1,143 437 617 189 652 633 12,957 12, 196 761 960 1,991 3,223 1,483 69 116 1,694 60 637 2,527 943 2,897 1,063 12 1,051 360 676 384 360 51 924 174 19 434 802 90 36 5,964 2,747 281 14,222 12,774 1,448 250 85 4 686 6 1 577 13 417 1 12 117 300 11,526 56 55 129 25 24 129 1 1 27 153 2 8,065 64 14 186 131 65 12 4 104 105 12 401 16 711 142 $152,873 2,216,924 22,402,533 199,809 263,170 662,635 33,120,371 2,907,742 994,153 1,257,006 656,583 4,273,907 1,446,678 47,430,855 46,286,485 2,144,370 2,545,530 8,733,477 44,589,849 10,269,954 361,618 312,419 3,718,090 47,908 1,986,285 50,744 2,049,431 6,296,636 7,766,617 900,628 4,097,636 32,890,917 2,671,592 45,227 2,526,366 518,610 1,291,486 2,158,571 2,188,478 5,352,272 192,255 4,287,079 464,942 36,075 1,050,657 2,475,703 173,06.5 36,371 39,294,789 216.131,460 *A11 other industries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts 1 AlumiQum ware 2 Ammunition ; 3 Asbestos products 3 Babbitt metal and solder 3 Bags, other than paper 5 Baking powders 4 Belting woven 2 Billiard tables and materials 2 Blacking, stahis, and dressings 10 Bluing 3 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 4 Boot and shoe findings 12 Boots and shoes, rubber 2 Candles 2 Cardboard, not made in paper mills. . 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 2 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines (adding machines) 3 Charcoal 2 Cheese 1 Clothing, horse 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke. . . 1 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 3 Cotton lace 1 Cotton small wares 8 Crucibles 2 Dairymen's, poultrymcn's, and api- arists' supplies 5 Drug grinding Druggists' preparations 9 Emery and other abrasive wheels 3 Engravers' materials 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 11 Explosives 8 Feathers and plumes 3 Felt goods .' 5 Files 6 Fireworks 7 Flags and banners 1 Foimdry supplies 2 Galvanizing 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Glucose 1 Graphite, ground and refined 1 Hair work 1 Hand stamps 3 Hats, wool-felt 1 Hones and whetstones. 2 Horseshoes 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 10 Ink, writing 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, eut and wrought, including wurenails.. 1 Ivory, shell, and bone work 10 Jute goods 3 Labels and tags 3 Lapidary work 6 19 1 Owned power only. Digitized by M/emsOT®' iwer, other than electric. NEW JERSEY. DR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000. INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 939 EXPENSES. i Value of products. Value added by manu- lacture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. ■ Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of fectory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines." In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Si, 519 164,699 1,101,808 2,170 17,938 394,134 61,850 8,540 39,265 14,045 254,006 211,903 1,449,397 1,419,394 30,003 170,591 333,890 442,509 878, 126 11,880 20,964 164,587 75,177 - 9,780 142,882 257,514 108,068 15,618 1,577,960 121,661 1,756 119,905 11,460 42,603 92, 135 45,000 461,612 1,161 188,526 21,676 756 29,716 95,464 1,983 1,802 521,277 6,124,829 t34,307 242,793 3,680,648 63,063 117,137 158,068 3,740,073 916,935 345,268 406,736 164,931 1,335,257 534,087 14,800,354 13,941,795 858,559 881,078 1,471,679 2,247,299 1,199,700 64,013 71,660 1,143,754 37,293 420,667 39,674 850,908 1,772,597 697,042 108,761 638,851 5,392,998 666,462 6,877 659,585 163,748 ' 481,128 269,096 167,376 300,918 16,614 593,675 137,263 15,500 249,082 604,915 61,413 25,929 6,297,033 31,597,792 $4,500 37,392 100 656 898 1,850 1,859 538,191 112,710 5,823,637 5,647,847 175,790 18,472 88,663 660 1,300 15,000 500 130,477 "'3,' 666 3,164 457 457 5,520 2; 891 2,273 723 3,938 397 2,350 556 41,324 116,951 14,606 3,152 17,286 13,165 15,379 5,549 32,512 36,940 3,602 18,935 14,403 76,942 20,672 587,152 526,335 60,817 38,486 103, 181 960 62,000 4,400 7,196 12,201 1,566 4,344 2,280 1,725 30,803 3,640 2,662 141,302 20,205 168 20,037 8,659 40,436 10,675 14,167 10,931 23,245 21,500 2,506 68,388 3,286 4,360 11,304 436, 102 (396 14,625 89,824 933 2,056 2,919 31,923 22,453 6,735 12,990 2,728 13,515 10,499 193, 158 179,302 13,856 10,298 64,980 197,562 135,605 1,052 1,212 19,819 438 7,867 13,413 36,179 55,236 3,791 27,339 7,574,226 13,820 340 13,480 1,436 14,251 7,363 11,633 36,204 1,421 22,289 4; 614 180 6,030 11,843 1,268 336 170,586 1,078,850 132,041 1,107,757 14,698,077 114,363 995,682 135,582 4,439,115 1,047,330 344,444 416,607 286,279 2,515,556 695,267 40,253,178 37,603,203 2,749,975 1,221,335 35,124,031 152,736,777 10,579,764 262,471 64,476 1,413,588 20,742 657,550 20,051 608,023 4,835,138 1,955,041 321, 180 3,460,947 17,302,020 746, 122 14,058 732,064 220,967 981,030 498, 575 1,184,676) 2,354,453 138,213 1,719,517 392,453 25,266 608,310 1,469,682 85,685 34,331 22,241,831 137,343,882 $1,471 37,952 474,390 1,424 13,876 6,438 117,145 32,704 10,278 12,676 9,750 30,741 16,226 629,687 540,814 88,873 30,374 186,248 1,126,058 180, 113 3,675 3,153 59,663 838 34,302 3,172 34,652 80,485 204,608 4,749 49,306 101,563 62,418 884 61,534 6,119 , 19,110 11,068 29,517 31,464 1,680 18,347 935 17,940 41,174 8,608 1,443 449,789 5,134,415 $107,822 2,172,809 25,458,216 271,535 1,299,132 573,168 9,292,706 .2,568,259 950,697 1,055,793 561,769 5,593,657 2,147,369 75,706,449 71,340,648 4,365,801 2,883,638 38,809,339 159,198,876 16,692,406 443,553 290,740 3,559,821 80,054 1,721,798 83,329 2,265,316 8,095,520 5,071,299 551,802 4,847,707 39,695,997 2,021,868 34, 178 1,987,690 641,299 2,079,702 1,236,349 1,811,130 5,233,475 .200,851 3,424,061 762,869 49,969 1,005,621 2,654,267 212,304 94,396 35,738,853 221,641,535 $74,310 1,027,100 10,285,749 155,748 289,574 431, 148 4,736,446 1,488,225 595,975 626,510 265,740 3,047,360 1,435,876 34,823,584 33,296,631 1,526,953 1,631,929 3,499,060 5,336,041 5,932,529 177,407 1,525 6,697 42,735 4,276 96 223,111 2,086,570 58,474 1,029,946 54 1,681 8 960 60,106 1,622,641 3,179,897 2,911,660 225,873 1,337,454 22,292,414 1,213,328 19,236 1,194,092 414,213 1,079,562 725,806 596,937 2,847,558 60,958 1,665,351 352,067 23,768 379,371 1,143,401 118,011 58,622 13,047,233 79,163,238 37 1,120 22,214 28 482 241 8,616 3,328 1,855 1,016 457 751 582 21,218 18,338 2,880 51 1,012 4,476 3,409 219 1,340 4,005 2,002 83 1,919 121 1,278 1,026 376 1,639 1,419 23 388 1,633 425 S3 24,499 117, 134 1,031 19,986 207 55 8,068 2,565 1,490 310 360 12,519 10,786 1,733 950 5,743 39,690 3,584 1,245 '"623 896 3,057 3,384 190 830 3,206 903 25 878 12 830 560 830 156 1,540 1,325 365 1,218 180 4 122,953 104,098 569 288 115 166 92 56 3,945 3,375 570 312 236 100 184 10 37 21 778 , 15 763 64 27 52 52 115 10 159 186 19 773 4,302 315 420 335 85 60 67 33 195 77 1,818 21 221 548 194 77 75 42 349 166 4,334 3,842 492 263 618 2,945 692 59 12 252 8 377 49 116 25 19 473 711 321 43 278 45 131 191 260 144 8 13 256 30 578 7,746 5,623 10 4,500 614 11 513 90 6 193 2,931 2,679 252 250 1,281 8,094 1,347 608 3,312 2,008 122 405 950 911 911 17 141 260 360 780 285 9,272 70,103 197 199 200 201 202 203 204 20s 206 207 208 209 210 2U 2.12 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 .lithographing , 6 jocomotives, not made by railroad companies 2 JUbricating greases 5 latches 1 lats and matting 1 [otorcycles, bicycles, and parts 1 [ucilage and paste 5 bisicalinstnmvents, organs 3 uisicalinstraments,pianomaterials. 13 retsandseines 1 Idiimn 1 >il, cottonseed, and cake 2 111, essential 3 111, linseed 1 Oleomargarine 2 Paper patterns 3 Pencils, lead 4 Fens, fountain and stylographlc 3 Pens, gold 1 Pens, steel 3 Perfumery and cosmetics 12 Phonographs and graphophones 4 Photographic materials 3 Pipes.tobacco 5 Plated ware.. ; 2 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 9 Pocketbooks 1 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing mater»ls 1 Pumps, steam and other power 3 Refrigerators ; 4 Safes 1 Sand-lime brick '. 1 Saws ; 3 Screws, machine 2 Sewing machines 2 Show cases 1 Smelting and refining, zinc 1 Smeltingandrefining notfromtheore 7 Springs, steel, car and carriage 5 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 6 Steam paokhig is Stencils and brands 1 Stoves, gas and oil 5 Sugar, refining ... 2 Pumps, not including power pumps . 1 o— 1 i, » Same number reported for one or more other r^f^ltlZQCJi bV M I Of®S@^^0Tiei throughout the year. Surgical appliances 11 Tinfoil 1 Type founding 2 Umbrellas and canes 5 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Waste. 4 Watch materials 2 Watchcases 6 Watches 3 Wheelbarrows 1 Wire 9 Wood preserving 3 Wool pulling 1 Wool scouring 1 Wool shoddy 3 940 MANUFACTURES. Table 4=0.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS rauUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber o£ estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE DTDUSTRT. •WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total Pro. prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners . Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 ATLANTIC CITY— All industries Bread Mid other bakery products 107 1,234 96 55 114 51 918 Jy 1,126 Ja 775 859 821 37 1 J7, 651, 187 9 23 5 6 11 . 4 22 4 3 29 28 72 70 215 16 ' B 599 24 6 7 11 21 3 3 21 2 3 18 8 14 11 2 ...... 12 1 117 26 19 63 60 139 11 2 491 Au My gx Au Je (*) 168 50 23 62 85 174 18 2 Ja3 De Se* De No J'a De3 84 14 15 45 42 96 5 2 109 15 21 45 61 144 12 2 450 98 14 21 . 44 61 130 12 2 439 11 1 343,221 ■ 130,707 12,910 78,023 639,250 112,584 49,207 10,120 6,274,265 » 4 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron wort Foundry and machine-shop products. S A 3 5 13 1 S 4 30 1 7 14 s Shipbuflding, wooden, including boat building. Tobacco , cigars q in All other industries * 28 49 10 11 *A11 other industries embrace- Awnings, tents, and sails 4 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Electroplating 2 1 BAYONNE— All industries Bread and other bakery products 121 11,900 90 262 |l, 120 278 10, 160 Ja 10,780 Au 9,322 10,041 8,981 996 30 34 892,751,853 o 19 8 7 11 76 125 86 1,022 64 10,613 23 12 6 9 40 11 91 74 690 28 9,267 De 97 My 126 Ja3 821 De 29 Ja3 82 Ja 45 De 543 Ja 27 97 97 543 29 9,275 96 23 543 28 8,291 1 74 122,588 24,952 11,436,172 73,149 81,094,992 ^ 4 Foundry and machine-shop products. 14 1 247 276 12 832 36 4 227 5 "92i' •1 29 "'si' 6 *A11 other industries embrace — ArtiQcial stone products 2 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1 Chemicals 2 Clothing, men's 1 Cooperage 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Fumitrre 1 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool , 2 Hosiery and knit goods ■ :...'. 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, 1 and rivets CAMDEN — ^AU industries Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Bread and other bakery products. . . Carriages, wagons , and repairs Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery ; Icecream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lumber, planing-mill products Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and xieriodicals. Soap Worsted goods. '. ' All other industries * 345 I 25,758 4 156 519 328 67 389 379 10 176 1,317 48 1,479 209 55 122 133 341 1,126 19,469 253 528 1,860 676 22,541 18 11 29 5 18 13 1 3 7 12 21 374 5 99 2 100 12 , 1 102 10 1,490 472 264 48 340 335 5 139 1,168 41 1,364 174 43 77 105 207 1,084 17,035 Mh 23,143 De 22,134 18,391 3 Ja Ap. 267 67 No Jy Se Au Jy Mh Oe Au Oc Ses No Jy 424 10 160 1,249 50 1,506 184 47 90 109 223 1,161 Je 444 Jas 250 No! 41 De 277 1 121 Ja De 969 No 34 De 1,092 Jy 166 Ja3 Je Jy» Ja Ja 99 180 965 255 42 305 300 5 138 1,202 42 1,094 178 42 80 107 210 985 17,370 241 42 115 110 5 138 1,197 42 1,091 178 42 102 152 344 14,372 192 14 183 183 7 4 67 630 2,895 $101,461,096 415,416 358,853 56,048 614, 168 603,118 11,050 210,194 3,266,224 116,450 5,041,020 362,801 114,371 122,078 271,648 901,639 2,898,005 86,713,181 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial stone products. 2 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bluing J 1 Bone, carbon, and lamp black.... 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 1 B oxcs, fancy and paper „ . . 2 Brass and bronze products 1 Brick and tile (building brick) 1 Brooms 1 Buttons 1 Candles 1 Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables 1 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Chemicals 3 Cleansing and polishing prepara- tions 2 Clothing, horse 1 Clothing, men's 1 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke. . . 1 Cooperage • 2 Cork, cutting 1 Cotton small wares 1 Drug grinding 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 3 Dyestuffs smd extracts 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies i ;■— 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1-1 Fertilizers.... '- 1 Flavoring extracts ,.-....- 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products; ,..:., 3 Food preparatians, not elsewheM^ specified .:.'.. 3 Furniture ...^1 Gas and electric fixtures -..■-<. 2 Gas, illuminating and.heating r..v.i 2 Gl^ : ,..,:3 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO' 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 941 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estal)- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS Oil MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 199,030 tll4,694 t614,239 «8,574 S60,012 S50,521 $1,181,936 $230,134 $2,971,065 $1,558,995 2,621 1,568 163 790 154 1 2,600 3,770 5)959 20,033 1,560 22,713 10,006 '728 2,256 3,385 25,496 416 86,108 17,605 11,692 37,123 34,325 90,684 10,695 1,352 344,655 1,000 890 5,607 1,625 1,548 2,970 1,978 1,532 37 381 3,754 337 234 546 41,722 252,843 80,310 17,600 33,902 13,406 100,913 17,054 2,278 663,630 14,584 2,802 60 1,847 31,580 5,975 665 72 172,649 415,854 160,598 35,262 104,589 146,155 301,873 27,786 6,035 1,772,913 148,427 77,486 17,002 68,840 101,169 194,985 10,167 3,685 936,634 1G9 143 90' 80 30 83 23 ■■■'■34' 2 3 4 185 2,298 3,385 50 905 130 15 '""965" 32 18 '"'Hi' 5 H 40,511 130 10 7 5 8 390 7,3C1 q 59,396 49,694 816 1,109 573 10 626 1 10 Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Japanning 1 Jewelry 1 Liquors, malt 1 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills coimected withsawmills 2 Marble and stone work 2 Mineral and soda waters 4 Paints 1 Photo-engraving 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 $982,036 $1,580,476 $6,774,315 $270,613 $58,734 $787,871 $75,242,148 $2,466,626 $98,234,245 $20,526,571 33,323 29,747 2,044 1,532 15,836 1 3,634 74,882 28,127 489,733 24,586 6,160,987 5,846 2,172 9,040 3,946 37,731 876 90 37,662 44 749,199 229,732 30,824 1,458,728 15,874 73,506,990 10,583 964 85,817 2,164 2,366,998 371,177 78,160 3,201,192 75,372 94,508,344 130,862 46,372 1,666,647 57,334 18,634,356 70 22 3,466 57 29,708 7 10 63 22 13 50 1,394 "3," 909' 'ii,'927' ? 112 3 96,131 1,610 884,295 463,295 T,153 1,116,394 3,431 '26,'369' 22 7 2,005 4 4,548 265,953 5 6 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Lumber, planing-mill products, not inclndmg plamng mUls connected with sawmills 4 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Millineryandlacegoods,embroideries. 3 llineral and soda waters 4 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Models and patterns 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Oil. essential 1 Patent medicines and compounds 2 Petroleum, refining 4 Shipbuilding, wooden. Including boat building 2 Shirts 2 Silk goods, including throwsters 2 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 1 Steam packing 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 2 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 2 Tobacco, cigars 4 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Trunks and valises 1 11,786,197 21,424 10,090 15,399 15,399 14,787 63,572 6,656 91,599 14,686 1,250 3,340 15,840 40,880 67,450 1,419,225 $2,137,310 9,094 7,738 1,300 14,524 14,524 6,748 107,786 2,070 83,743 4,865 937 6,806 12,040 156,642 19,710 1,704,307 $12,978,012 236,121 153,490 36,376 107,673 106,466 2,207 87,983 ■678,214 21,044 765,498 101,362 25,648 41,112 80,184 102,338 334.660 10,217,409 200 '266 1,022 "2i,'823 639 8,087 6,300 5,136 $309,219 4,120 14,628 2,813 11,024 10,184 840 4,984 5,425 7,000 6,662 866 3,743 960 300 246,694 $548,510 1,972 3,516 288 1,629 1,625 4 621 13,615 8,663 15,960 1,063 1,468 1,337 7,408 7,088 483,423 $34,148,583 584,056 533,927 36,265 388,485 368,420 20,065 103,500 1,345,420 3,585 5,243,018 258,631 64,047 38,244 70,007 749,715 1,951,006 22,788,587 $1,945,190 5,349 20,678 1,946 11,801 11,319 482 4,234 72,797 31,236 62,452 5,897 1,347 3,215 3,814 11,968 38,276 1,670,181 $71,823,905 970,079 875,600 99,608 722,070 691,270 30,800 277,690 2,598,141 111,281 7,733,368 427, 704 128,312 131,462 242,295 1,310,21()« 2,709,248 53,486,847 $35,730,132 380,674 320,995 61,398 321,784 311,531 10,253 169,958 1,179,924 76, 460 2,427,888 163,176 72,918 90,003 168,474 548,527 719, 876 29,028,079 39,670 32,296 2,162 6,212 19,358 208 172 86 356 338 .17 137 1,522 730 3,970 692 54 92 136 319 3,015 28,182 113 28 3 67 169 86 263 248 5 33 356 ......... 42 1 2,600 43 2,935 47 176 167 13,347 90 90 25 390 730 3,600 570 28 65 319 2,900 23,466 12 12 79 777 360 10 122 22 80 71 4 12 90 797 25 3,919 Slass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Hosiery and knit goods 3 EEouse-fumishing goods, mops and dusters TT 1 instruments, professional and sci- entific. 1 ion and steel f orgings 2 ion and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, iiicluding wire nails.. 1 Jme 1 Jquors, malt 1 jttnographing .^ 1 '"" and spring beds 1 Millinery and lace goods 2 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Models and patterns 3 Marble and stone work 3 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 2 Optical goods 1 Paints 3 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 2 Patent medicines and compounds 4 Pens, steel 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Phonographs and graphophones 1 Photo-engraving 1 Pipes, tobacco 1 Pottery 1 Regaha and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 3 Sausage 1 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel. 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 10 Shirts 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 1 SUversmithing and silverware 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Steam packmg 3 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Tobacso, cigars 15 Varnishes 4 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework .■ 1 Wool scouring. 1 > Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 942 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBS0N3 ENGAOED IN THE DIDUSTBY. WAGE EABNEKS DEC. 16, OB NEAKE3T EEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- ?r tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Ave> age num- ber. Number, 15th day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ELIZABETH— All industries . Artificial stone products , Bread and other balcery products- Carriages, wagons, and repairs Chemicals Clothing, men's Foundry and machine-shop products Lumber, planing-mill products Oil, not elsewhere specified Printing and publisniug All other industries * 184 14,236 131 298 812 185 12,870 4 10 2 1 7 39 176 39 3 1 15 118 10 51 15 1 35 8 240 1 11 33 4 191 3 149 4 2 143 24 1,067 15 42 113 21 876 7 101 4 9 4 4 80 6 233 1 32 71 12 117 14 540 TO 13 107 22 388 69 11,729 40 186 481 107 10,915 Ja 14,257 Mhs Jh Mhi Fe 124 37 208 165 Ja 962 Oo 87 Jy 127 7a 443 No 11,054 Ja3 Ja3 Sea- No Au No Ja Oc De 6 114 33 152 114 795 74 107 299 11,239 9 119 34 205 158 800 82 115 426 1,291 114 34 204 12 115 349 7,779 1,709 1 146 76 1,481 27 27 t32,223,»17 21,435 202,663 73,387 1,551,195 10,000 8,102,104 250,596 2,317,486 1,055,639 23,639,412 * All other industries embrace — Artists' materials 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Belting, leather 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cash registers q,nd calculating ma- chines (adding machines) 1 Clothing, women's 1 Conlectionery, chewing gum 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and api- arists' supplies 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes 3 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Fertilizers 1 Files 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified .;.. 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Hand stamps l Hosiery and knit goods 1 Ice, manufactured. 1 HOBOKEN— All industries Bread and other bakery products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, women's Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Lumber and timber products Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing All other industries * 258 36 7 5 7 18 129 10,756 493 28 508 1,005 137 23 336 7,554 4 5 5 18 106 320 12 222 737 85 510 9,290 432 19 452 873 567 121 18 14 189 6,605 My 9,727 Ja Je3 Mh My De Fe Je' Se3 No 447 21 536 961 655 130 21 15 201 Fe 9,007 Se Fe3 Jy Fe Ja 414 17 387 My 3 115 Ja3 16 Ja3 13 Jy 180 9,474 450 18 494 848 655 116 16 14 195 6,668 6,912 432 18 118 848 640 116 16 159 4,556 2,453 18 367 68 56 119,771,196 1,116,039 63,600 195,378 1,983,466 1,361,590 226,148 26,271 64,574 729,587 14,011,543 *A11 other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and saife Baking powders ^ Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Boxes, iancy and paper Brass and bronze products Buttons Chemicals Chocolate and cocoa products Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery and ice cream 4 Cooperage 5 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 4 Cork, cutting 2 Dyeing and finishing textiles 3 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes 4 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 2 Feathers and plumes 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products. ... 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Furs, dressed 1 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hats, straw 4 Ice, manufactured 1 Ink, printing 2 Instruments ,professional and scientific 2 Lamps and reflectors 1 Leather goods 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Marble and stone work 2 Mattresses and spring beds -.■-■...'. 2 Millinery and lace goods 2 Mirrors 1 30,128 21,138 JERSEY CITY— All industries. Automobile repairing Blacking, stains, and dressings. Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Chemicals Clothing, women's Regular factories Contract work Confectionery and ice cream. Confectionery Icecream Cooperage and wooden goods,- not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Machine shops 24 Furniture and refrigerators. 26 Hosiery and knit goods 770 25 3 7 4 10 109 22 37,338 19 500 798 856 155 1,254 379 589 193 396 541 485 56 235 604 120 1,109 1,284 173 1,111 560 346 104 24 3 130 34 8 190 147 3 144 21 1,057 ' o™"^p»«'e'-o°'y- Digitized by IVIict^'&ft^ 31,021 52 9 451 746 322 633 125 1,088 334 517 173 344 479 436 43 213 520 100 865 997 155 842 Mh 32,253 Ja' Fe No Jy Jya 347 Oc 652 Oc 142 Fe 1,146 Au 390 Se No 204 463 No Je Se My Apa Se 585 70 223 620 103 915 De Je 517 Mh 313 Oc 165 914 De 28,958 My a De Fe De 51 8 426 673 281 Mha 620 Fe 104 An 1,059 Ap 270 De Je 143 222 349 17 Fe 202 Au Ja Jy 407 95 830 Fe 669 Jy 352 Fe 148 798 432 285 61 10 467 719 314 650 129 322 536 141 395 530 467 63 613 101 852 1,005 161 844 542 311 8,752 51 7 164 605 294 585 129 1,080 272 73 199 277 215 62 611 93 1,004 161 530 107 3 300 91 1 65 259 67 192 252 251 1 156 12 193 $150,782,931 59,290 33,334 513,963 1,461,685 1,188,312 1,322,791 198,672 1,021,517 1,811,096 120,589 28,379 92,210 1,002,273 953,911 48,362 423,228 845,851 153,656 2,528,892 3,683,185 105,774 3,577,411 1,043,010 533,206 I power, other than electric. NEW JERSEY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 943 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. PO-WER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish, ments report-, ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power.- Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,003 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. t360,370 tl, 053, 424 $8,197,508 S66,523 176,352 $417,614 $15,631,934 $675,200 $31,228,181 $14,921,04? 25,520 22,560 743 2,217 16,413 1 400 5,266 982 30,358 4,315 94,441 24,663 13^,782 44,063 630,226 . 59,280 •97,659 375,581 6,727,498 560 135 560 ' 490 10,971 1,344 105 1,773 834 6,467 42 21,918 1 978 15,917 5,786 362,794 7,719 303,575 22,470 321, 141 21,150 759,480 139,597 2,091,284 342,645 11,622,873 100 14,755 1,391 46,806 1,528 43,106 2,726 14,763 12,116 637,909 16,060 604,076 72,490 748,332 80,736 2,029,657 247,598 3,100,462 1,062,535 23,366,235 8,241 185,746 48,629 380,385 58,058 1,227,071 105,275 994,415 707,774 11,205,453 3 92 36 903 48 1,755 771 461 931 20,520 io" S 608 1,405 730 200 800 18,802 3 3 4 42 6 224 12 260 6 183 2,900 79 27 253 42 126 29 1 125 1,535 '""395" 855 14,655 3 1. -30,630 1,924 104,848 6,630 134,368 29,928 549,172 5 3,100 973 1,970 2,570 800 4,950 7,762 45,495 Q 152,365 ■ 3,808 123,411 89,479 647,355 7 9 10 11 16,163 45,092 Feweliy 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 2 Liquors, malt. ._. 2 (iarble and stone work 2 Mattressesand spring beds 1 Mineral and sdda waters : 3 Minerals and earths, ground 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Pottery 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Saddlery and harness 3 Sausage 2 Saws 1 Sewing machines 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 SMrts 3 Si%ns and advertising novelties 1 Steam packing 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 1 Tobacco, cigars 9 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified , 1 Window and door screens 1 Wire 1 $837,874 $939,348 $5,668,108 $324,218 $320,263 $301,822 $10,350,414 $356,936 $23,461,298 $12,754,948 14, 429 10,410 341 3,W8 2,059 1 16,132 12,634 340,103 11,772 177,256 689,563 361,230 83,407 fi,380 7,734 137,900 3,845,763 315 500 790 186,740 24,877 1,644 11,022 52,213 3,180 8,840 746 5,130 6,898 205,713 20,327 1,130 282 23,029 8,869 873 486 550 3,172 243, 104 752,441 15,480 271,302 709,742 532,266 129,909 15,861 51,541 195,107 7,676,765 34,101 986 5,164 33,296 15,117 4,861 889 1,333 10,159 250,030 1,603,604 44,828 654,629 2,172,029 1,384,299 264,051 49,845 130,433 802,208 16,355,372 817,062 28,362 378, 163 1,428,991 836,916 129,281 33,095 77,559 596,942 8,428,677 645 21 61 1,353 1,507 257 23 11 287 10,264 470 6 12 169 9 61 632 12 87 19 1 287 2,401 157 90' 726 "i,"686' 2 3 16,460 13,864 74,113 61,326 5,794 129,569 47,315 7,160 683 1,480 170 io' 38 15 5 6 7 6,539 4 8 9 13,880 9,277 109,877 652,463 1,747 23,462 104,125 36,088 10 571,270 7,597 266 11 llodels and patterns 1 Paints 2 Paperand wood pulp 1 PencUs, lead 1 Picldes, preserves, and sauces 1 Sausage 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel. . - 1 ihipbuildlog, wooden, including boat building 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Silk goods, including ttirowsters 4 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 1 Soda-water apparatus 2 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam packing 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 1 Surgical appliances 1 Tinfoil 1 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes' 13 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Trunks and valises 1 Varnishes 2 Wall paper, not made in paper mills . . 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Wood, turned and carved 2 t3,167,138 $5,010,645 $17,650,840 $532,167 $504,14 8- $6,478,849 $108,853,567 $2,928,492 $164,528,608 152,746,649 49,086 37,994 3,426 7,665 14,406 400 5,766 31,296 49,197 67,213 15,846 4,000 41,655 87,610 7,920 7,920 31,187 23,973L 7,214 27,468 52,440 5,886 190,109 15,240 174,869 27,472 ,.^11,967 6f!7 , 4,073 26,004 44,298 32,422 78,822 2,766 92,638 18,701 13,481 3,320 10,161 50,981 49,016 1,966 4,920 36,848 10,958 219,568 189,650 5,626 184,124 36,380 13,191 48,763 4,697 177,671 364,761 214,953 456,114 99,528 774,063 244,193 234,849 70,634 164,215 213,633 183, 799 29,834 130,585 336,000 48,805 480,149 712,197 101,657 610,540 262,861 212,586 28,006 44 1,671 2,182 800 1,382 1,260 1,250 700 700 6,704 3,060 4,800 6,300 1,938 48,673 5,309 2,451 14,109 3,63-7 10,472 19,649 14,609 5,040 5,670 10,143 1,660 34,000 48,652 7,606 41,046 4,940 369 223 4,336 .10,832 8,279 11,951 2,084 15,883 13,694 158 91 67 6,556 5,171 385 2,631 6,485 1,341 15,721 18,755 826 17,929 35, 522 35,526 217,905 779,036 1,630,679 1,339,785 81,966 538,542 1,365,307 141,532 129,211 12,321 1,153,719 1,039,015 114,704 439,438 685,366 231,210 1,382,315 1,454,081 89,686 1,364,395 1,650 247 16,436 9,549 35,424 54,536 4,502 76,876 98,453 5,562 1,491 4,071 21,824 19,264 2,560 4,578 10,317 6,530 24,163 55,128 18,490 36,638 > Same nui 137,605 53,687 550,655 1,406,445 2,101,396 2,582,542 253,j679 1,559,625 2,339,893 523,166 232,308 290,858 1,585,841 1,410,296 175,645 709,737 1,475,272 329,597 2,557,323 3,072,411 270,810 2,801,601 100,433 17,914 316,314 617,860 435,293 1,188,221 167,211 944,207 876,133 376,072 101,606 274,466 410,298 352,017 68,281 266,721 779,689 91,857 1,150,845 1,563,202 102,634 1,400,568 102 17 629 1,007 586 618 183 505 1,491 75 17 58 697 557 140 504 183 873 1,928 128 1,800 647,536 409, 3r- ff^^SO m 632 154 15 530 979 240 300 25 445 495 390 105 200 110 134 770 1,047 1,047 610 65 79 104 60 97 24 70 409 68 341 20 28 267 318 54 75 17 58 196 167 29 297 25 472 60 412 22 10 849 220 240 236 4 789 330 '330 18 944 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50, 000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 16th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. JERSEY CITY— Continued. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing ShipbiVlding, wooden, repairs only. Silk goods, finished products : . . . Slaughtering and meat packing Steam packing Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Toys and games All other industries* 12 185 11 6 9 2 157 8 26 63 SIO 8 32 4 13 1 23 2 6 48 436 6 90 70 17 13 1 2 3 2 2 2 67 51 6 3 15 212 159 208 1 14 8 26 53 5 44 8 5 26 136 141 105 45 4 5 16 770 151 759 1,386 40 2 4 12 35 5 11 34 77 7 22 132 24 1 5 29 594 136 717 1,179 4 11 65 474 ...... 12 20 17 46 5 6 31 394 4 247 62 22,362 4 186 1 444 57 18,491 2,467 774 Ja My Mh Jys 173 71 Je 145 Oc 161 Ap 114 Hh 694 Je 181 Ja 832 Fe 1,353 Au Se 31 442 Mh 143 Ja Jy Fe Au 31 386 Fe 129 De 107 Jy 96 Aa 432 Fe 68 No 626 Au 1,066 Ja Ja 31 348 24 153 38 435 62 54 132 128 102 599 101 661 1,142 31 392 17,582 153 159 62 63 111 114 67 478 101 320 1,071 23 392 9 10,962 120 339 67 58 6,473 113 t315,065 149,960 590,673 228,706 46,685 661,343 697, C34 797,432 1,731,676 162,969 1,661,023 4,924,785 161,366 896,063 17,840 120,016,381 ♦Another industries embrace- Artificial flowers 1 Artists' materials 1 Automobile bodies and parts 3 Awnings, tents, and sails 6 Bags, other than paper 1 Baking powders 2 Belting, rubber 2 Belting, woven 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber bootsand^oes 1 Brushes 2 Buttons 2 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Canning, fruits and vegetables 1 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cbina decorating, not including that done in potteries Chocolate and cocoa products Cleansing and pollslung preparations. Clothing, men's CoSee and spice, icasting and grind- ing Coffins, burial cases, and imdertakers' goods '., Cordage and twine. > Cordials and flavoring sirups Cork, cutting Corsets Cotton goods Crucibles 1 Cutlery and edge tools, razors 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supphes 1 Drug grinding 1 Dyestufls and extracts 4 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engravers' materials 1 Engraving and dlesinking 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Fireworks ; 3 Flavoring extracts 4 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 6 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Furs, dressed 1 Galvanizing 2 Gas and electric fixtures 4 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 Gas machines, and gas and water meters 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Gold, leaf and foil 3 Grease and tallow 1 Hair work 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 4 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Ink, printing „. 2 NEWAB.K— All industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes and cartons, paper Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Buttons Carriages and wagons and materials. Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations . Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Regular factories ' Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments, petticoats, and all other. Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists, dresses, and all other. Confectionery , Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhererspecifled. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Corsets Cutlery and edge tools Dyestuffsand extracts Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Enameling Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving and diesmking 2,275 26 119 3 16 17 17 20 222 29 34 12 8 79 44 22 5 7 74,964 533 14 199 1,607 783 180 1,774 1,342 303 1,798 64 2,225 1,919 1,424 42 292 1,090 495 138 357 498 77 2,661 2,838 1,235 321 4,939 1,940 2,538 12 111 1 14 15 10 17 227 19 43 10 5,400 2,002 13 68 30 1 Owned power only. IL, . a . 20 ,ia 8, ,.268 Fe' -3« fjimized by wlicrmofti ^ ■' J Includes rent 963 Ja 779 Ap 143 No' 1,310 Ja 1,304 Ap Ja 248 1,617 30 2,165 mS No 1,0 33 294 No No 3 Oc Ap Oc Mh Fe Ap Ja Ja3 143 358 540 78 2,558 2,783 1,177 241 4,728 Jy 682 No 123 Mh 1,287 Jy 1,095 Fe 222 Jy 1,264 De 24 De 1,886 Je Jy 23 198 Se Je De De No No De Au Je' Oc Ap 66 306 321 53 2,153 2,138 1,011 219 3,790 2 212 61 63,278 577 392 8 159 1,420 J7I5 139 1,306 1,222 231 1,465 24 2,203 1,818 1,292 33 247 1,012 526 129 397 2,266 2,290 1,038 223 4,481 4 239 67 17,212 659 76 977 181 136 1,184 853 230 1,204 19 1,268 181 55 21 16 18 126 75 51 158 65 1,858 170 919 204 3,145 239 60 13 78 431 511 2 107 368 269 5 918 1,604 1,227 12 230 985 377 54 230 1 376 2,084 97 603 21 1214,169,267 1,556,467 416,033 9,559 143,313 1,961,438 468,716 290,485 2,337,698 1,539,278 654,502 10,975,641 149,046 1,083,674 1,387,584 1,268,750 31,127 140,309 1,097,314 ,. 118,834 53,834 65,000 1,260,747 167,666 4,067,633 2,886,690 1,731,964 2,451,661 11,322,785 2,424 978,760 37,776 Includes rented power, other than electric. NEW JERSEY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 945 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. • Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fueland rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- guies.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $19,441 $12,792 4,368 26,436 2,037 29,946 1,200 3,450 4,128 3,024 49,940 22,396 82,645 73,964 9,662 73,965 93,219 10,681 52,453 102,079 96,098 8,680 24,929 151,715 21,240 58,554 14,684 35,215 1,600 1.907,290 3,593,528 $110,463 41,817 200,679 46,-729 56,005 80,480 88,279 76,060 108,357 531,874 804,376 18,460 252,529 21,101 9,791,663 S600 33,031 60 11,072 221,470 70,302 1,853 86,903 5,520 64,607 $4,740 510 19,760 3,166 1,440 1,420 8,000 6,668 17,567 12,604 5,442 54,992 1,760 3,943 2,040 137,860 $2,099 844 2,046 1,439 250 10,467 6,205 8,219 8,256 446 9,093 36,773 1,147 6,534 6,259,226 $237,962 73,673 311,294 68,196 6,675 642,806 261,899 408,605 673,750 94,676 1,096,546 23,068,678 110,187 466,097 33,945 69,042,016 $6,201 1,050 12,97fi 2,719 1,100 7,100 44,915 12,180 23,107 3,406 18,369 99,422 2,639 8,676 2,240,964 $421,994 156,854 794,573 170,329 84,108 1,029,816 470, 169 934,395 1,710,764 267,804 2,374,848 25,235,036 263,219 1,049,733 67,788 106,419,477 $178,831 81,131 470,303 99,414 76,333 379,910 173,355 613,710 1,013,897 169, 723 1,259,934 2,076,936 150,393 574,960 33,153 35,136,497 501 450 45 6 400 60 151 44 37 16 114 70 37 965 1,038 284 35 8 27 37 115 5 96 ""m 75 850 1,033 116 73 848 205 1,060 3,303 305 50 1,045 3,111 60 90 4 493 66 15 67 321 ""'256" 926 125 78 583 15 115 58 181 6 287 ■■■■546' 8 29,406 ■23,"4i4' 6 1,789 i' 2 4,202 "9,' 652' 29 Instruments, professional and scien- tiflo 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling miBs 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, imdrivefB 1 Iron and steel forgings.. ,1 Iron and steel, wrought pipe : 1 Jewelry 1 Jewelry and instrument cases 3 Lamps and reflectors 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 2 Liquors, distilled 1 Liquors, malt 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Lubricating greases 2 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, piano materials . 2 Oakum 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 4 Oleomargarine 1 Optical goods 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . 1 Paving materials 1 Pencils, lead 2 Petroleum, refining 1 Photographic apparatus 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 3 Pipes, tobacco ; 1 Pocketbooks 1 Regaha and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 4 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Scales and balances 4 Signs and advertising novelties 7 Silversmithlng and silverware 1 Soda-water apparatus i.... 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made iu steel works or rolling mills . 1 Statuary and art goods 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges... 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Sugar refining 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tobacco, smoking 3 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 43 Tools, not elsewhere specified'. .' 3 Trunks and valises 1 Type founding i Umbrellas and canes.. 2 Wall paper, not made in paper mills. .. 1 Waste 1 Watches .,.. 1 Window shades and fixtures 5 Wood, turned and carved 3 Wool pulling 1 $6,956,567 37,760,607 836,647,315 $1,114,795 $1,581,688 $3,653,366 $110,014,019 $3,424,436 $210,601,047 197,162,592 100,466 72,529 6,187 350 21,400 23,110 1 126,092 10,904 1,457 6,880 90,786 36,915 25,244 89,063 115,384 22,823 215,885 15,798 64,641 85,466 72,407 4,555 7,656 60,196 13,059 6,304 7,765 29,499 3,768 197,525 167,611 64,226 96,413 201,289 90,714 13,228 2,000 4,529 86,125 27,515 11,850 204,968 36,449 6,979 276,471 26,184 38,005 128,809 127,345 309 8,888 118,148 1,464 -1,464 641,724 365,110 6, COS 80,806 804,684 247,667 83,771 922,028 692,003 160,639 856,147 20,101 1,032,107 621,955 464,597 14,701 80,819 369,077 157,358 57,667 99,701 154,517 42,043 1,323,958 975,646 475,522 138,957 2,337,569 1,642 192,317 44,846 76,901 28,493 75,371 1,380 8,225 23,842 31,371 7,905 89,012 44,854 12,992 4,643 2,077 68,318 51,363 40,199 -8,321 9,140 28,738 11,164 4,796 6,368 12,766 3,180 19,463 48,289 6,322 1,900 12,169 640 .6,300 5,809 10,388 1,514 21 698 6,318 3,338 1,775 18,911 6,172 5,661 50,076 783 22,022 3,110 2,267 20 286 1,962 843 327 516 22,365 1,125 22,448 11,778 10,776 12,750 62,322 4,25?' 95 904,673 224,105 9,117 60,691 1,816,514 349,164 211,043 2,939,433 744,340 168,912 3,014,010 120,568 959,718 1,091,956 1,056,382 56,858 228,766 770,768 35,674 33,860 i;714 986,806 108,422 1,669,934 2,224,296 325,247 1,557,917 3,021,311 %» 12,099 19,630 12,202 274 2,336 12,894 7,030 13,531 110,334 23,153 9,470 72,339 1,559 21,186 13,372 9,350 728 1,970 6,662 4,022 1,555 2,467 18,493 669 63,370 17,309 27,564 32,328 83,360 776 2,542,293 1 974,739 28,414 194,018 3,281,840 802,215 432,441 5,428,827 1,798,760 605,258 6,076,622 265,353 3,060,741 2,436,167 2,164,967 156,943 504,311 1,503,703 271,210 137,811 133,399 1,745,137 189,279 4,241,238 4,622,233 1,408,341 2,667,135 8,920,485 Mm 110,051 1,617,990 738,432 19,023 140,991 1,453,432 446,031 207,867 2,379,060 1,031,267 326,87^ 2,990,273 143,226 2,069,838 1,330,839 1,099,225 99,367 273,585 726,283 231,614 • 102,396 129,218 739,838 80,188 2,607,934 2,380,628 1,066,640 1,066,890 5,815,824 385,909 97,176 865 607 7 71 688 331 208 1,114 1,312 287 4,418 70 236 405 331 16 34 281 74 19 66 426 83 1,616 948 995 861 3,365 6 775 36 566 99 90 ■ 201 417 7 25 30 60 96 550 284 95 143 10 193 113 n 16 24 57 14 43 300 10 302 333 24 50 778 6 317 ""ibb' 112 "'iss' 35 60 3,380 55 55 56 10 5' 52 1,934 ■"■234 2 1 A 41 460 230 ""563' 850 85 4,215 50 5 233 233 5 98- 41 112 61 178 107 60 10 38 51 34 8 8 fi 104 4,514 4,101 2,485 2,939 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 380,806 25,452 JO, 641 15,987 89 4,566 4,811 2,991 1,820 8 225 125 60 1,075 610 725 811 2,520 2 32 17 5 12 8 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 'it 44,129 1,540 171,942 350,973 80,408 147,428 665,949 300 7,073 6,000 1,891 23 139 S 246 850 67 61,346 4,784 19,633 2,164 1,968 39 717 58 5 3i 32 3 number reported for dne or more other months. 82101°— 18^— 60 < Same number reported throughout the year. 946 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS • INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEK30N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. . WAGE EAENERS DEC. 15, OB NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE BAY. Capital. • Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 *nd over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEWARK— Continued. Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Food preparations, not elsewhere specinedT. Foundry apd machine-shop products Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps. . Gas machines and gas and water meters. Hardware Liocks, hinges, and other build- ers' hardware. Another Hardware, saddlery. Hats, tur-ielt . Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry Leather goods, not elsewhere specified Leather, tanned, curried, and flmished Liquors, malt ._. . . Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paints Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing, printing, and linotype work. Printing and jmblishing, newspapers and periodicals. - Prmting, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing Steam fittings and steam and hot- Water heating apparatus. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco manufactures. Tools, not elsewhere specified. . Trunks and valises Varnish Window shades and fixtures . Wirework Wood, turned and carved All other industrigs * 37 110 11 99 10 18 11 4 24 7 17 12 26 11 167 15 64 13 33 677 196 3,198 1,106 2,093 45 702 170 362 244 1,646 263 2,308 236 4,317 227 3,454 1,942 264 183 83 630 241 378 55 728 681 47 30 22S 74 392 161 747 2,671 1,006 527 554 24 231 46 17,395 10 16 9 154 15 37 96 95 22 17 2 11 5 6 266 36 154 24 130 22 17 16 47 12 35 12 64 14 243 7 134 101 30 16 3 568 42 189 66 133 2 57 27 80 12 56 5 356 6 160 246 20 16 158 20 362 350 12 16 2 50 22 29 55 66 17 166 32 5 20 S 220 4 37 15 6 24 1, 272 2 530 535 122 2,720 1,010 1,710 30 579 112 257 1,698 187 1,511 224 2,162 203 3,344 195 3,086 1,580 226 48 242 120 437 184 225 32 496 463 32 522 521 1 191 53 301 122 857 451 302 9 193 35 14,759 Oo 667 133 Ap 1,075 Ja 1,797 No 3 50 Ap 643 Oo 120 No 308 Ap Ja De Se Oo 202 274 2,286 264 Mh 3,532 Je 211 Oc Se> No Jy My De Oc Mh Se 3,321 1,620 604 327 49 267 140 73 463 196 261 35 Fe Mh 500 40 No % Je' De Ap3 Fe 1 201 66 327 127 782 Je 2,488 Ja 907 Je 475 Fe 316 Je' 12 Ap 210 Ap3 37 Ja Fe 465 116 De 878 No 1,596 My 14 Fe 540 Mh 105 My 218 No 169 Jy 1,432 Se 202 My 2,073 Ja 166 De 3,083 Nos 174 Au 2,889 Ja 1, 648 De 331 Fe Ja Jy Jas No Oc Ja Oo Ap 160 46 213 107 57 402 160 Au 419 Au 493 No My Se 1 172 50 277 115 Oc 619 No 2,312 Jy 753 De 366 Oc» 281 Ja 6 Au 186 Se» 32 562 127 2,574 927 1,647 50 573 115 282 1,714 175 1,539 266 2,203 217 3,365 221 3,073 1,579 ■345 200 48 116 70 449 186 34 507 479 531 630 1 177 52 304 127 635 2,461 921 460 283 13 192 36 14,958 381 105 2,507 912 1,595 17 568 113 256 1,241 163 1,078 245 1,613 66 2,667 181 2,979 1,678 345 200 41 44 114 435 95 415 24 478 477 46 302 114 635 514 791 441 266 11 175 32 10,742 172 22 47 10 37 32 442 12 430 9 684 142 767 38 94 185 2 1 17 48 2 'i48 33 I 'ies $652,671 746,612 6,378,720 2,266,670 4,112,1E0 114,284 1,137,418 287,841 1,434,603 3,538,625 438,667 3,100,068 564,608 2,192,226 282,733 14,317,264 427,248 15,737,648 21,630,122 776,.760 1,031,840 156,439 171,674 431,990 96,062 2,976,937 546,763 1,222,803 62,437 1,125,757 1,038,881 86,876 1,492,176 1,478,886 13,290 617,735 75,539 926,384 385,878 1,286,126 2,263,914 2,133,708 888,253 4,652,604 13,130 302,995 54,582 73,365,018 * All other industries embrace— Aluminilm ware 2 Artificial stone products 2 Artists' materials 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 1 Baking powders > 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 1 Belting, leather 4 Belting, woven 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blocking, stains, and dressings 2 Boxes, cigar 3 Boxes, wooden packing -. 3 Brooms 2 Brushes 6 Carpets, rag 5 Carriages and sleds, children's 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies - 1 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines (adding machines) 1 Cement 1 Cheese 1 Chocolate and cocoa products 2 Clothing, men's, buttonholes 3 Coffee, roasting and grinding 6 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cork, cutting 1 Cotton goods 2 Dyemg and f]n»hmg textiles <- . . 1 | Han Electroplating 13 Emery and other abrasive wheels 1 1 Owned power only. Engraving, steel and copper plate — 3 Felt goods.. 2 Fertilizers 3 Files 3 Flavoring extracts 6 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Foundry supplies 1 Furnishing goods, men's.. 2 Furs, dressed 4 Galvanizing 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 Glass, cutting, staining, aod orna- menting ---- 13 Gold, leaf and foil - - 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore .....----..- 13 lase and t-JlfrnMot mcludmg lu- r, Kiting Jfo^^----- - 5 _[ana stamps P 1 Hat and cap materials -..- 10 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, « Includes rented power, other than and wool Hats, straw ■-.... Hats, wool-felt House-fumishlng goods, not elsewhere specified Icecream Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Ink, writing Instruments, professional and scien- tific Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe Iron and steel forgings ■- Iron and steel, wrought pipe - Japanning Jewelry and instrument cases electric. . NEW JERSEY. OR MORE, BY INDUISTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 947 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in esta'> hsh- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam .en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus. tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,033 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $75,754 20,855 370,371 75,113 295,258 58,383 24,467 40,400 253,088 37,525 215,563 37,296 117,811 28,420 721,952 10,336 420. OOi 352,887 66,379 58,563 2,192 5,020 16,536 500 30,970 140,500 700 74,456 69,513 4,943 104,070 101,806 2,264 44,728 4,524 29,199 14,622 49,500 115,505 98,516 45,692 255,263 31,260 2,534 1,453,680 $73,547 23,561 197,972 61, 121 146,851 2,328 58,274 23,678 125,616 174,051 60,003 124,048 16,440 79,346 7,413 609,429 8,112 202,532 414,860 22,136 9,251 4,096 7,554 11,994 654 161,664 15,406 145,172 2,040 67,348 47,295 10,053 444,781 4.38,790 5,991 20,137 1,200 63,515 19,834 27,483 104, 690 97,289 26,917 379,286 2,288 10,500 ■ 839 1,670,392 $281,905 68,715 1,910,851 083,745 1,227,106 19,512 385,819 ^6,462 188,089 813,886 123, 603 690,263 152, 728 1,251,576 117.643 2,179,167 100,518 2,091,573 1,445,020 275,655 215,598 28,042 93,636 88,069 56, 629 246,131 81,'525 102,637 14,918 310,212 310, 169 30,043 612,840 611,800 1,040 107,980 36,074 206,194 82,335 518,947 830,409 505, 750 310,015 229, 664 6,430 119, 651 25, 066 i, 417, 572 $1,030 $25,344 $2,527 2,978 86,790 2,136 84,654 11,204- 10,498 6,312 960 3,686 39,375 13,884 25,491 613 2,881 1,433 1,451 327 13,875 4,903 440 3,6S6 21,047 2,159 6,822 2,033 26,837 1,400 4,789 25,437 18,888 6,016 10,962. 10,291 132,041 7,094 3,949 9,324 676 41,507 2,262 937 2,190 48,120 691 177,187 2,626 2,849 62,736 7,600 21,233 -80,737 2,202,006 4,946 10,646 9,711 1,620 4,889 956 1,176 7,847 6,598 3,240 875 2,068 530 43,347 4,196 27,899 2,771 48,779 16,222 3,345 7,240 360 5,072 520 11,462 11, 304 148 44,249 4,530 4,743 329 117,770 48,001 16,149 91,508 46,661 16,055 26,262 1,919 1,340 " 4,520 94 7,371 100 18,186 15,000 5,953 38, 903 4,344 301 9,176 1,401 3,328 5,773 4,281 963 457 300 23,061 14,251 24,500 4,574 1,722 14,740 1,910 248,828 405,094 10,862 8,883 27,515 65 2,129 402 427,813 350 556 158,214 $349,367 347,794 1,695,397 432,135 1,263,262 38,538 710,489 150,529 312,801 1,279,803 164,737 1,115,066 213,712 1,699,769 242,367 5,417,699 361,849 14,085,136 3,012,564 624,675 265,775 116,120 209,700 124,531 33,595 2,380,528 462,071 686,120 49,424 415,022 405,415 9,607 601,406 598, 695 2,711 324,602 41,180 4,234,655 226,257 1,265,051 1,608,987 669, 610 642, 784 1,539,683 27,266 113,803 36,347 40, 662, 642 $11,608 14,334 119,711 60, 173 69,638 469 19,222 2,865 29,210 55, 151 12,857 42,294 9,615 67, 073 3,134 63,9S0 5,629 224,970 254,421 12,238 1,927 2,022 4,361 3,234 83,040 8,118 12,897 811 17,031 l.%838 1,193 25,414 25,414 13,756 459 26,333 5,406 12,119 8,675 51, 330 6,839 25,571 191 3,512 2,553 1,632,067 $1,033,084 610,042 5,345,513 1,411,109 3,934,344 98,900 1,502,479 307, 739 893,343 3,276,748 481,605 2,795,143 525,418 3,900,954 492,441 11,215,214 564,983 20,118,019 12,071,663 1,157,056 686,625 195,647 410,823 347, 921 137,870 3,813,965 722,594 2,004,076 105,157 1,256,114 1,176,297 79,817 2,467,855 2,420,564 47,291 621,627 119,166 4,832,014 420,437 2,004,232 3,568,741 1, 648, 651 1,333,806 3,947,218 50,070 356,182 88,616 63,906,470 $672, 109 247,914 3,530,405 928,801 2,601,544 69,893 772,768 154,345 551,332 1,941,794 304,011 1,637,783 302,091 2,133,512 243,940 6, 733, £35 197,505 6,807,913 8,804,678 520,143 412,0.59 77,600 199,101 219,039 101,041 1,350,397 252,405 1,305,069 54,922 824,061 755,044 69,017 1,841,035 1,796,455 44,580 283,269 77,627 570,906 188,774 727,062 2,051,079 927,711 684,183 2,381,964 22,613 238,867 49,616 21,610,761 339 494 4,212 1,436 2,776 91 626 3,007 265 2,74S 308 2,210 57 1,882 168 7,214 11,740 1,313 1,049 92 128 166 2,078 239 417 467 426 41 908 823 13 1,076 202 501 183 1,467 219 783 1 260 122 35,384 85 375 2,882 1,0» 1,823 340 35 10 2,630 220 2,410 250 2,106 378 60 5,000 11,423 1,020 740 43 75 1,617 50 238 12 4 515 515 580 722 100 3,'iO 150 680 90 635 215 25,212 165 60 239 134 45 46 817 64 12 189 80 110 107 137 137 27 ■639 17 52 25 117 1,261 25 30O 59 1,031 377 654 3 312 11 616 243 12 20 57 687 54 2,182 5 104 229 92 S 60 57 351 82 174 395 41 268 256 153 13 309 102 124 248 112 96 1 20 5 1,894 1,220 4J1 709 071 50 621 162 "shs 1,963 2,700 12 250 45 908 33 400 400 73 100 840 67 360 5 6,305 Lapidary work 6 Lasts 3 Lime 1 Lithographing 3 Looking-glass and picture frames 4 Lubricatmg greases 2 Lumber and timber products 1 Minerals and earths, ground 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 3 Mucilage and paste 3 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Musicalinstruments, piano materials. 2 ■Oil, not elsewhere specified 3 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Oleomargarine 1 Optical goods 5 Paper and wood pulp 3 Paper patterns l Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Pens, steel 1 Photo-engraving 4 Photographic apparatus 4 Pipes, tobacco 1 Plated ware 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified ; 4 Pottery 3 Pumps, not including steam pumps. . 1 Pumps, steam 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 4 Roofing materials 3 Saws 1 Scales and balances i 3 Screws, machine Shipbuilding, woo'don, building Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 6 • Silversmithing and silverware 23 Smelting and refining, copper 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 2 Soap 1 Soda-water apparatus 2 Sporting and athletic goods 5 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. 3 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied ,. 3 Statuary and art goods 6 Steam packing 1 Stencils and brands 1 2 1 1 i-f. 2 Stoves, gas and oil Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . .* 1 Surgical appliances 4 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Toys and games 5 Typewriters and supplies 4 Umbrellas and canes 1 2 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 4 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Wall plaster ; 1 Waste .• 1 Watch materials 2 Watohcases 5 Watches 1 Window and door screens, weather strips 1 Wire ^. 2 Wood preserving 1 Wool shoddy 1 ' Same number reported f3r one or more other months. * Same numb er reported throughout 1he year. 948 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nnJUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTItY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY, Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. Iff and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PASSAIC — All industries Bread and other bakery products — Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified^ Foundry and machine-shop products. Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures All other industries * 18,734 181 411 24 515 404 21 187 24 16,967 55 938 795 206 17, 142 125 362 14 387 335 13 131 15 15,730 Oo 17,954 De 139 Ap 435 Fe' 15 Ap So 3 Jes Au Ocs 445 400 14 138 16 Ja 16,281 Fe 115 No 316 No 12 De 347 Mh 3 343 Jas 12 De • 126 Ap3 14 16,670 128 325 15 347 360 12 127 17 15,339 8,995 7,375 . 128 293 11 347 30 12 117 13 8,039 327 7,086 100 200 I $48,659,293 197 225,142 805,366 26,835 917,206 339,270 33, 100 325,384 14,985 45,971,999 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Belting and hose, rubber -■ 3 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 3 Buttons 1 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 2 Chemicals 1 Clothing,, men's 2 Clothing, women's 6 Cotton goods 3 Dyeing and finishing textiles 5 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Furnishing goods, men's 11 Furniture ^ 1 Hosiery and knit goods 2 Houae-fumlshing goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Liquors, malt 1 Lumber, planing-mill products, net includmg planing mills connected withsawmills 2 10 PATEESON— All industries. Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other bakery products. Card cutting and designmg Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, men's, including shirts. . Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Dyeing and finishing textiles Foundry and machiue-shop products. Lumber and timber products Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishmg, newspapers and periodicals. " Silk goods, including throwsters. Finished products Throwing and winding Tobacco manufactures All other Industries * 735 291 245 46 23 120 34,447 622 783 1,705 192 422 52 74 2,380 24 45 83 178 3,823 2,569 205 72 312 18,398 16,891 1,507 169 6,380 245 210 35 22 90 10 340 309 31 7 26 1 3 166 207 168 19 2 2 631 5 413 96 190 181 9 1 40 30, 925 174 287 36 56 2,077 49 18 31 63 166 3,472 2,268 162 50 44 16,992 16,568 1,424 138 4,673 Ap 32,258 Jy 182 No 297 Ja 45 ApS 60 My 2, 124 No Jy Ja3 Jas Ap 3, 647 Je 2,444 Je Jy3 De De 185 Ap 16,335 My 1,627 Oo 147 De 28,6 De 157 Fe3 282 No 28 De 48 Au 1,960 re 13 Ja3 19 Au3 61 No 149 De 3,291 De 1,965 De 144 De Ja3 Jy De 14,318 De 1,270 Fe 131 30,312 160 291 33 48 2,102 51 21 30 157 3,333 2,071 144 49 49 234 16,982 15,517 1,465 140 4,405 11,602 41 275 31 47 643 41 13 28 62 93 2,984 1,857 144 43 209 8,449 7,929 520 124 3,008 1,334 10 334 181 6 24 8,214 7,323 ~S6 15 1,325 239 5 2 I 1 113 89 24 1 24 381 72 206 171 36 48 S74,160,608 160,089 656,913 73,794 116,436 4,065,973 106,082 19,937 86,146 125,893 184,712 9,307,567 4,664,475 447,590 100, 470 118,657 498,246 26,656,884 25,808,456 848,428 160,657 26,846,270 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 6 Asbestos products, not including steampacking ^ 2 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 3 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware- 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making 2 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes '. 1 Boxes, cigar . 1 Brass and bronze products 3 Brooms, from broom corn 1 Brushes 1 Buttons 2 Carpets, rag 2 Cleansing and polishiiig preparations. 1 Clothing, women's 3 Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding 1 Cooperage 1 Cordage and twine 2 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dyestuff s and extracts 1 Electroplating 1 Engravmg and dlesinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Fertilizers 1 Files 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 4 Fur goods 2 Funushing goods, men's 1 Furniture Gas,,illuminatiag and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and cma- menting ■ Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool Hats, fur-felt 1 Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified Iron and steel forgings 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 949 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POTVEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Por materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' - In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. • Jl, 034, 811 $1,478,322 58,049,445 $234,180 $85,599 $298,680 $30,305,603 $634,733 $53,267,859 122,327,523 31,701 28,381 974 313 2,033 12,415 1 520 38,962 4,058 36,368 85,925 168,674 8,966 264,104 138,994 7,448 92,653 . 8,839 7,273,842 11, 660 2,745 1,255 7,336 9,048 420 6,860 1,026 45,249 1,985 6,259 116 5,483 843 250 1,516 3,786 278,442 258,553 331,858 24,308 579,348 578,606 17,736 62,638 14,026 28,438,530 12,430 8,945 1,232 ■ 13,541 3,312 575 8,814 146 585,738 440,623 796, 180 42,729 1,194,616 924,953 37,294 280,047 37,183 49,514,234 169,640 455,377 17,189 601,727 343,035 18,983 208,595 23,011 20,489,966 61 531 43 783 41 9 263 1 29,969 61 "'"246" 1,034 515 597 43 107 10 56,375 64,868 1230 18,840 130,841 12,472 '300 21,782 5,194 79 31 9 136 1 1,700 362 5 6 7 723 152 227,077 119 8 8 854,046 1,272,601 27,150 806 313 10 Marble and stone work. 2 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Saddlery and harness 1 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Scales and balances 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 4 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Trunks and valises 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified i Wall plaster i Wood, turned and carved 1 Woolen and worsted goods 5 11,949,040 6,500 12,616 7,445 2,400 90,382 2,600 2,600 16,857 9,004 262,532 152,623 28,860 11,628 42,860 876,516 841,450 35,066 5,238 420,979 $2,192,679 4,724 30,737 2,764 2,146 260,984 550 550 1,473 216,828 159,013 18,634 1,352 5,300 45,035 1,061,139 1,047,931 13,208 8,563 366,053 $16,194,896 73,569 190,314 20,549 36,900 926,552 32,305 11,773 20,532 47,644 71,757 1,900,697 1,213,487 98,296 31,635 29,222 186,125 8,982,419 8,439,254 543,165 88,971 2,264,454 $4,081,54S 100 149 13 93 630,846 240 858 710 1,236 94 2,235 4,179 3,499,040 3,498,849 191 50 9,702 $798, 190 7,285 17,840 4,004 2,788 73,696 4,614 2,890 1,724 956 8,971 34,900 59,994 3,604 4,168 4,050 4,320 510,924 458,677 52,247 2,446 53, 630 $704, 192 4,286 285 763 11,670 542 48 494 523 46,242 32,172 4,619 1,596 944 4,420 116,111 108,953 7,158 38,216 440,248 $39,285,472 165,597 686, 180 40,543 47, 672 2,491,919 97, 714 30,890 66,824 151,870 111,712 2,923,658 1, 80,438 286,580 38,736 42,816 162,404 22,852,546 22,754,987 97,559 120, 708 7,484,379 $1,344,717 5,238 23,189 660 2,242 19,366 2,449 931 1,518 1,615 5,917 261,631 71,082 4,763 1,144 2,416 8,647 372,600 327,915 44,685 838 560,920 $78,428,639 306,918 1,185,019 100,179 128, 779 4,995,334 181,138 56,744 124,394 257,557 229,385 7,526,704 3,943,575 490,249 105,851 126,375 515,382 44,672,401 43,772,879 899,522 300,995 13,362,798 $37,798,450 136,083 475, 650 58,976 78, 865 2,484,049 80,975 24,923 56,052 104,072 111,756 4,341,415 2,292,055 198,906 65,971 81,143 344,331 21,447,255 20,689,977 757,278 179,449 5,317,499 34,017 75 184 11 59 452 70 24 46 242 4,846 3,187 407 31 90 427 11,013 9,319 1,694 28 12,829 23,460 175 10 10 162 4,467 1,715 380 40 4,879 4,066 813 25 11,498 4,521 25 4 16 170 219 17 10 3,547 2,977 570 374 715 40 115 110 35 75 450 5,321 30 180 11 43 242 44 24 20 45 27 169 1,13S 10 21 42 332 2,477 2,241 236 3 607 5,618 844 680 907 887 20 3,087 10 Iron and steel, Wrought pipe 1 Jute goods 2 linengoods 1 Liquors, malt C. 1 Locomotives 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Marble and stone work 8 Mattresses and spring beds 3 Millinery and lace goods 1 Models and patterns 3 Musical instruments, piano materials. 1 Optical goods 1 Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. . 2 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Piekles, preserves, and sauces 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Saddlery and harness. 1 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 4 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 1 Steam packing 2 Trunks and valises 2 Umbrellas and canes l Wall paper, not made in paper mills.. 1 Wall plaster i Wirework i Wood preserving i Wood, turned and carved 4 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 3 Worsted goods 2 ' Same number reported for one or mor« other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 950 MANUFACTURES. Table 40.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDtTSTKT AND aTY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNERS, DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum montli. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contuiued. 1 TRENTOH— All industries Awnings tents, and sails 394 22,627 347 684 1,448 420 19,828 Mh 20,281 No 19,428 20,099 15,667 3,884 207 341 • 155,345,330 9 8 56 6 5 8 13 15 43 8 5 7 30 34 ■11 10 4 131 16 466 486 54 336 304 78 2,475 278 49 73 4,797 506 2,300 62 10 10,347 5 66 4 5 12 9 18 43 5 5 6 8 28 4 15 4 110 11 363 444 45 300 245 52 2,159 240 37 47 4,467 344 1,839 30 6 9,200 Je Oc Je Jy3 Ap De Ja Ja Se Jy! Jy» Ja Ap Je De (<) 31 386 562 47 309 382 62 2,206 273 50 62 4,605 351 2,050 42 5 Ja3 5 Je 348 De 225 Oc3 43 Au 286 Fe 186 Je 32 Jy 2,042 De 213 Ja3 26 No 3 43 De 4,260 Jy 335 Ja 1,558 My 8 19 W 5 20 377 570 43 303 379 48 2,180 221 40 39 4,435 342 1,699 42 5 9,356 17 331 412 42 65 74 48 2,152 220 40 39 3,522 293 1,546 42 5 6,819 3 14 131 "236' 301 7,883 590,620 717,433 60,176 166,549 329,961 57,176 7,134,622 363,520 192,86* 130,222 9,352,304 640,685 6,262,461 75,210 15,900 29,247,744 3 4 5 6 7 Bread aniother bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, men's, including shirts 9 24 1 10 13 5 74 8 5 5 128 22 57 1 222 20 14 3 11 17 1 169 23 1 14 134 94 319 4 1 623 8 ...... 20 2 30 2 1 1 60 18 81 2 192 32 12 1 "is' ....„ 4 8 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products F urniture and refrigerators 9 in 12 1 16 11 Ice, manufactured 1' 11 862 45 99 28 4 48 23 6 11 Printi"g n^^d publishing 15 ifi Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 17 Slaughtering, wholesale, not includ- ing meat packing. All other industries *-^. IS 2,180 66 291 *A11 other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 2 Artificial stone products 3 Artists' materials 1 Automobile bodies and parts 3 Bags, other than paper 2 Belting , leather 1 Belting and hose, rubber 2 Bluing 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 2 Boxes, wooden packmg 3 Brass and bronze products 2 Brooms 1 Brushes 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairsbyelectric-railroadcompanies 2 Cars and general shop construction and repair^ by steam-railroad com- panies 1 China decorating, not including that done ip pottenes 3 Clothing, women's 2 Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding 3 Cooperage 5 Crucibles 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 3 Electroplating 1 Engraving and diesinHng 2 Fancy articles 1 Fertiuzers 1 Flour-millandgristmillproducts 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- Gas and electric fixtures 2 Oas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 / CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. AsBURT Park Bloompield Bridgeton East Orange Englewood Garfield Gloucester Hackensack Harrison irvington Kearnt LONG Branch MiLLVILLE montclair morristown New Brunswick. Orange Perth Amboy Phillipsburg Plaineteld Union West Hoboken.. West New York 44 410 43 14 32 9 312 57 4,106 46 131 515 237 3,177 83 2,788 70 74 115 50 2,479 51 2,610 54 90 417 lOO 1,949 19 135 15 8 5 16 91 39 6,138 30 73 120 46 5,869 23 2,099 15 27 93 19 1,945 43 895 38 28 40 23 766 52 8,616 36 214 702 260 7,404 74 1,109 63 67 43 25 921 51 5,579 40 167 256 32 5,094 33 524 35 25 44 10 410 50 3,561 52 39 209 63 3,198 42 479 39 17 24 17 382 31 308 26 24 17 23 218 113 7,286 81 155 421 181 6,448 72 2,437 67 78 114 52 2,126 128 10, 556 102 182 872 198 9,202 40 4,785 26 89 265 46 4,369 78 2,201 70 75 166 58 1,832 75 1,702 73 44 89 17 1,479 189 3,839 206 66 88 25 3,454 98 3,024 96 82 426 85 2,335 'I. 375 3,482 >Jo 2,956 Do 2,006 Ap 100 De 6,347 Oc 2,177 My 836 My 7,856 Je 985 Ja 5,357 Je 454 Ap 3,630 Je 432 Je 240 Ap 6,618 Ja 2,231 My 10,026 Jy 4,634 De 1,956 Mh 1,526 Ap 3,563 Fe 2,513 No 257 De 2,855 Au 1,70S Fe 1, 792 Fe 72 My 5,443 Jy 1,807 658 6,659 856 Au De De No No Au Fe De 4,945 334 1,864 314 189 Au 6,067 My 2,064 De 8,135 3,818 No 1,668 1,435 3,253 2,181 302 3,062 3,298 2,117 *97 6,299 2,203 779 6,287 369 3,367 361 209 6,692 2,136 9,304 3,98S 2,081 1,460 3,532 2,233 199 1,736 2,426 1,450 79 2,615 839 532 5,226 796 4,610 203 2,668 299 182 3,019 1,644 6,873 2,852 1,655 833 1,426 1,262 103 1,273 819 654 18 3,497 1,307 240 1,411 103 647 162 602 53 23 3,593 485 2,243 1,073 421 617 2,062 15 147 39 3 5 23 20 10 4 60 37 4 5 4 53 1 140 48 3 10 38 $794,326 8,793,039 5,819,698 6,617,670 256,845 16,082,565 6,109,658 1,965,168 29,212,479 2,519,052 15,694,269 2,337,557 4,160,751 2,177,229 542,229 16,250,548 4,553,679 61,814,034 15,420,548 7,161,200 9,989,142 6,200,968 8,551,316 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW JERSEY )R MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 951 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxeS; For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal . revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- oom- hus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. !1, 410, 326 S1,667,7C6 7,9C4 29,666 1,040 19,060 22,678 2,200 147,629 17,684 6,344 6,864 337,271 64,676 "233,776 1,000 618,683 $11,134,289 20,113 - 9,927 2,092 16,504 27,872 l;396 173,678 17,800 1,352 10,300 192,832 49,464 369,434 3,308 1,260 771,434 5,392 225,456 181,952 28,843 109,238 68,481 37,999 1,438,842 172,580 24,377 33,039 3,012,658 241,910 1,076,051 24,182 4,680 4,448,009 $132,500 300 492 23,092 500 1,507 700 1;563 6,543 12,694 26,874 58,235 $131,683 726 13,804 340 3,452 12,840 2,076 10,078 2,933 1,908 4,555 10,256 1,846 2,473' 1,080 62,836 $540,509 $28,474,555 66 7,356 3,520 2,607 489 53,585 1,540 2,602 1,044 60,499 7,074 21,702 1,326 374,676 $1,468,710 6,C21 834,757 116,037 35,201 193,569 439,092 56,301 2,151,247 215,843 11,754 134, 145 1,321,777 171,025 5,228,230 173,734 115,790 17,269,432 176 32,272 29,006 1,603 4,820 113,014 4,931 26,017 1,560 485,491 11,130 133,168 1,358 354,821,906 $24,878,641 19, 186 1,325,323 456,588 88,668 420,779 746,150 126,830 4,016,204 517,342 103,843 215,972 6,554,660 784, 138 8,068,038 ■ 2C0,306 138,175 30,379,704 12,389 458, 294 311,545 51,964 222,390 298,075 69,725 2,351,943 296,568 66,072 80,267 4,747,392 601,983 2,706,640 85,214 22,385 12,495,795 36,219 3 301 445 41 74 390 20 3,610 1,140 35 2,765 258 4,150 112 22,549 30,733 108 315 20 3,364 288 1,140 15 2,207 3,805 92 19,260 2,356 2,198 235 105 193 130 11 74 179 20 105 23 20 558 258 340 20 961 12,757 2,991 65 8 932 735 8 7,943 lats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 losiery and knit goods 1 ton and steel forgings 1 ewelry '... 1 jiquors, malt 3 jOoMng-glass and picture frames 2 jumb6r,planing-inill products 3 l^ble and stone work 5 Mat s and matting 1 Mattresses and spring beds 3 Minerals and earths, ground 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 5 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Nets and seines 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Optical goods 2 Paints 1 Patent medicines and compounds — 5 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Saddlery and harness 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Smelting and refining, zinc 1 Surgical appliances 1 Tobacco, smoking 1 Tobacco, cigars 11 Tools, not elsewhere specified^ 1 Wall plaster 1 Watches 1 Wire 2 Wirework 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 Woolen and worsted goods 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $19,725 480,697 127,352 278,973 10,714 286,257 92,572 79,278 518,291 102,439 391,329 36,280 172,414 35,043 27,179 453,947 193,657 717,416 294,891 164,419 156, 113 134,978 270,089 $35,767 741,352 153,825 669,076 10,937 187,306 127,639 68,902 865,077 52,891 328,202 36,691 218,497 36,611 17,402 674,631 178, 986 1,131,871 376,928 201,470 137,281 95, 197 448/459 $202,020 1,643,680 1,411,181 1,130,385 50,957 2,639,365 738,714 420,722 4,603,295 536,867 3,195,678 206,386 1,812,940 227^128 163,545 2,955,280 1,277,854 4,905,638 2,466,693 1,175,569 866, 733 1,910,277 1,402,478 $100 38,428 2,215 1,400 11,201 143,972 27,613 3,890 42,208 4,202 10, 134 3,173 7,682 17, 762 40,000 193, 929 385,824 235,359 $12,049 27,313 10,847 19,657 4,465 17,788 21,234 9,644 74,514 26,669 25,282 6,520 5,817 38,181 18,638 39, 606 19,825 48,515 2,510 35,121 23,422 78,298 76, 137 $5,678 37,839 27,686 26,018 1,734 110,728 21,666 8,689 239,693 13,340 99,602 19, 781 47,963 4,812 2,327 364,949 112, 142 631,319 48,396 24,969 246,943 133, 295 38, 844 $315,345 3,199,586 2,214,370 2,303,135 103,380 11,141,287 3,085,939 1,021,737 6,912,352 5,843,626 8,416,-061 359,674 1,548,186 969,398 360, 788 6,398,164 1,853,201 134,392,070 6,340,829 2, 701, 600 1,993,805 2, 736, 284 9, 936. 209 $16,774 159,951 238,549 85,959 8,092 223,350 127,416 30,509 445,229 79,869 338,659 89,692 307,437 23,159 16,234 169, 140 85,849 1,353,245 235,567 59,211 96,008 94,042 108, 474 $765, 762 8,357,620 4,935,711 6,406,985 ■321,161 16, 113, 492 4, 710, 951 2,252,503 17,960,500 7,349,713 15,419,840 1,055,428 4,644,412 1, 431, 768 14,814,018 4,558,321 148, 959, 944 11,328,677 4,405,201 6, 601, 166 13, 960, 963 $433,643 4, 998, 083 2, 482, 792 3,017,891 209,689 4,748,855 1,497,596 1,200,257 10,602,919 1,426,228 6,665,220 606,062 2,788,789 439,211 317, 244 8,246,714 2,619,271 13,214,629 5,752,281 2,248,069 •2,375,388 3,770,840 3, 916, 280 670 8,353 2,918 3,379 296 8,574 3,068 1,343 15,931 2,700 10,409 1,079 3,420 1,132 873 9,619 2,906 48,968 9,795 4,064 2,998 2,299 2,455 145 5,393 1,987 1,431 150 6,747 1,940 1,205 14,808 1,455 9,915 342 2,730 999 555 7,931 2,613 46,650 9,053 2,805 2,566 1,294 1,317 27 311 67 164 80 1,137 18 23 120 525 108 621 222 79 54 54 1,384 50 767 7 21 395 85 425 1 76 50 2,254 779 1,784 66 1,110 115 1,003 720 386 116 43 53 264 1,344 239 934 642 492 424 984 504 15 1,468 930 2,661 2,670 514 313 10,803 225 8,025 52 945 629 5 3,971 326 13, 792 4,854 3,219 402 260 354 2 Same number reported for one or more other months. < Same number reported throughout the year.. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW MEXICO. By Margaret L. Brooks. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — The state has an area of 122,634 square miles, of which 122,503 repre- sent land surface. The population of the state in 1900 was 195,310, and in 1910, 327,301, and its esti- mated population in 1914 was 383,551. In respect to area New Mexico ranked fourth and in respect to population forty-fourth in 1910. In point of density of population it ranked forty-fifth in that year, with 2.7 inhabitants per square mile; the corresponding number in 1900 was 1.6. The urban population in 1910 — that is, ihe popula- tion residing in incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 46,571, or 14.2 per cent of the total, as against 14 per cent in 1900. Albuquerque is the only city in the state estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants. In 1914 the estimated popula- tion of Ihe city formed 3.4 per cent and the value of its manufactured products 20.5 per cent of the total for the state. The surface of New Mexico in part is mountainous and in part consists of elevated plateaus. The state is traversed from north to south by the Kocky Moun- tains and by the valleys of the Rio Grande and the Pecos. The rainfall is scanty, being insufficient for the needs of agriculture, but much of the soil is fer- tile and capable of becoming productive when irri- gated. In 1910 only 14.4 per cent of the total land area was in farms, and but 13 per cent of the farm land, or less than 2 per cent of the total land area, was improved. The mineral products of New Mexico in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, were .valued at $18,072,919. The leading product was copper, in . the output of which the state ranked sixth in that year. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914, measured by the value of products of its manufac- turing industries, $9,320,067, New Mexico ranked forty-ninth among the states,, and, with an average of 3,776 wage earners engaged in such industries, the state ranked forty-sixth in this respect. In 1909 the state ranked forty-eighth in value of products and forty-fifth in average number of wage earners. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANTJFACTTIEING INDITSTHIES. 1911 1909 1904 1899 PEB CENT OF INCKEASE. > 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged . ^ " Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital.. Salaries and wages ." Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 368 4,594 325 493 3,776 15,668 $8,983,679 3,272,691 677,243 2,695,448 285,838 137,098 4,430,134 9,320,067 4,889,933 313 4,766 288 335 4,143 13,465 $7,742,617 2,974,635 383,256 2,591,379 125,405 92,898 3,261,043 7,897,756 4,636,713 3, S, $4,638, 2,416, 263, 2,153, 62, 8 60, 2,235, 6,705, 3,469, r^ 2,490 3,658 $2,160,718 1,290,188 90,692 1,199,496 m 1,998,593 4,060,924 2,062,331 17.6 —3.6 12.8 47.2 —8.9 1.3 16.0 10.0 50.6 4.0 127.9 47.6 35.9 18.0 5.5 57.3 22.5 62.4 49.6 19.1 160.0 66.9 23.1 45.3 20.4 99.2 14.4 39.7 62.6 114.7 87.3 190.9 79.5 45.8 38.4 33.6 11.9 40.5 68.3 1 A minus sign (—) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable fleures can not be eiven. 2 Figures not available. *• o b ' Exclusive of internal revenue. During the 15 years coverd by Table 1 the value of the manufactured products of the state more than doubled, and large increases are shown for most of the items for which figures are given. Of the three five- year periods, the greatest development occurred from 1904 to 1909. Although there was a decrease in the number of wage earners from 1909 to 1914, the amount paid for wages increased 4 per cent. The increase of due chiefly to changes in methods of operation in the lumber and timber and printing industries. In the former industry a much larger amount of work was done imder contract in the production of crossties, posts, poles, and similar products during 1914 than in former census years. In the printing industry the num- ber of estabhshments showing contract work increased considerably in the five-year period 1909-1914, some 127.9 per cent in the amount paid for contr^/^^^^j/ :^ysfl;^p^^53l0i/j^ the entne cost of printing as con (963) 954 MANUFACTURES-^EW MEXICO. tract work. The value added by manufacture, although greater in amount at each of the successive censuses, shows a much smaller percentage of increase — 68.3 per cent from 1899 to 1904, 33.6 per cent from 1904 to 1909, and 5.5 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. PEK CENT OF INCKEASE. ' ISTDUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added hf manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average num- ber. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 190»- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries . . . 368 3,776 100.0 $9,320,067 100.0 $4,889,933 100.0 -8.9 19.1 39.7 18.0 38.4 40.5 5.5 33.6 68 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . . Lumber and timber products. . 15 60 107 17 45 •15 5 6 98 1,922 642 258 29 89 76 149 10 601 50.9 17.0 6.8 0.8 2.4 2.0 3.9 0.3 15.9 3,139j411 1,643,291 577,936 424,501 411,824 231,710 218,649 217,692 2,455,053 33.7 17.6 6.2 4.6 4.4 2.5 2.3 2.3 26.4 1,757,352 1,152,241 484,271 87,415 169,973 179,630 154,650 77,537 826,864 35.9 23.6 9.9 1.8 3.5 3.7 3.2 1.6 16.9 29.1 -56.5 -8.8 -10.7 26.1 89.9 57.1 83.7 4.9 39.4 -24.0 -1.9 -8.0 51.5 61.1 78.0 -10.3 50.7 99.7 19.1 78.9 71.4 51.9 134.8 212.6 49.0 -0.8 23.6 7.7 5.2 36.4 -27.3 3.4 -18.5 44.1 76.5 70.3 -7.0 . 41.9 95.0 42.1 81.5 50.0 44.4 128.5 257 7 Flour-mill and gristmill products Bread and other bakery products 4 4 7.9 Brick 8.6 Butter •. ^ ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 16; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. • Separate statistics are presented for eight industries or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $200,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include two with products exceeding $1, 000,000.' Among those included under the head of "aU other industries," are two — coke, not including gas-house coke, and wool scouring — which have prod- ucts exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products in 1914, and, with the exception of butter, they ranked the same in 1909. Based on the average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture, this arrangement would vary slightly. Ice, manufactured, sixth in value of products and average number of wage earners among the industries shown in the table, is fourth in value added by manufacture . Flour- mill and gristmill products, which is fourth in value of products, is seventh in number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Most of the work in flour mOls and gristmills is done by machinery, and comparatively few wage earners are required. The cost of materials is relatively larger than for other industries and the value added by manufactuse, as compared' with the corresponding value for the majority of industries, is very small. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. — ^This is the most important manufacturing industry in New Mexico, not only as to value of products but also in number of wage earners employed. During the five-year period 1 909-1 9 1 4 the number of wage earners increased 2j the value of products 39.4 per cent, as compared with a decrease of 10.7 and 10.3 per cent, respectively, during the previous five-year period 1904-1909. Lumher and timber products. — This industry em- braces the operations of sawmills, planing mills, and logging camps. Notwithstanding the decrease shown for the period from 1909 to 1914, the industry ranked second in value of products, value added by manufac- ture, and number of wage earners employed in 1914. Printing and publishing. — The majority of estab- hshments in this industry are small newspaper and job printing offices, which employ few or no wage earners. Although there was a decrease during the period from 1909 to 1914 in the average number of wage earners, cost of materials, and value of products, the industry was third in importance in 1914. Flour-mill and gristmill products.— The statistics for this industry do not include data for the small mills engaged exclusively in grinding cereals for customers or consumption in the immediate neighborhood. Dur- ing the period 1909-1914 there were increases in the number of estabhshments and average number of wage earners but a decrease of 8 per cent in value ,of products. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Practically all of the wage earners engaged in the manufactures of the state were males over 16 years of In 1914 there were only 23 wage earners reported age. bW^^ bfMfd^&dSftW of age. MANUFACTURES— NEW MEXICO. 955 Table 3 Cen- sas year. PEES0N3 ENGAGED IS MANUFACTUK- INQ DJDDSTKIES. CLASS. Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MAITOFACTUR- ING rNDDSTBIES. CT.ASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,594 4,766 4,481 4,659 113 107 97.5 97.8 2.5 2.2 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 249 177 3,776 4,143 211 161 3,719 4,058 38 16 57 85 84.7 91.0 98.5 97.9 15.3 9.0 569 446 651 440 18 6 96.8 98.7 3.2 1.3 1.5 2.1 Proprietors and firm members. . . 325 288 47 41 197 117 308 282 47 41 196 117 17 6 ...... 94.8 97.9 100.0 100.0 99.5 100.0 5.2 2.1 '""'o.'s 3,753 4,077 23 66 3,696 3,995 23 63 57 82 ■■■■3' 98.5 98.0 100.0 95.5 1.5 2.0 Superintendents and managers... 4.5 Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 AH classes.. ProOTietors and officials ' Proprietors and firm members „.. Salaried officers of corporations " Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUBINa INDUSTRIES. Percent of increase,! 1909-1914. Total. 27.6 12.8 68.4 40.7 Male. -3.8 25.2 9.2 ^7.5 31.1 -8.4 -7.5 Female. 6.6 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 12.4 7.1 1.0 4.3 5.4 82.2 81.7 0.5 100.0 9.4 6.0 0.9 2.5 3.7 86.9 85.5 1.4 Male. 1914 1909 10O.0 12.3 6.9 1.0 4.4 4.7 83.0 82.5 0.5 100.0 9.4 6.1 0.9 2.5 87.1 85.7 1.4 Female. 1914 1909 15.9 15.0 0.9 33.6 50.4 60.4 100.0 5.6 5.6 15.0 79.4 76.6 2.8 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table a All industries. While the total niunber of employees decreased, the table shows increases for the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of average number of wage earners, which decreased by 8.9 per cent. Wage earners over 16 years of age formed 81 .7 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in the manufactures of the state in 1914 and 85.5 per cent hi 1909. So few females were employed in the different classes that percentages of increase are not shown. Of the males reported in 1914, 83 per cent were employed as wage earners, while only 50.4 per cent of the females were included in this class. The average number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, with the per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age, is given m Table 5, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over showed a decrease from 1904 to 1909 and an increase from 1909 to 1914. Of the six industries for which separate figures are given ia this table, two show an increase frotayAaaa^J-/ i - ^. Mir'fn^inrK^ to 1914 in the proportion of males and tU'^S'^^Y J::^lMfM^^^M crease in proportion of females and children under 16 years of age. Two of the industries that gave em- ployment to children under 16 years of age in 1909 reported no wage earners of this class in 1914. Bread and other bakery products. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill products Ice, manufactured. Lumber and timber products.. Printing and publishing All other industries.. Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Average num- ber.i WAGE EARNERS. 3,776 4,143 3,478 54 1,922 1,489 76 50 ■ 642 1,475 258 283 760 764 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 97.9 96.4 97.4 94.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.4 100.0 100.0 97.3 79.8 80.2 97.8 93.7 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years of age. 1.5 2.0 1.5 6.7 3.7 0.2 14.3 14.8 1.7 5.0 0.6 1.6 1.1 4.5 1.9 3.6 2.7 5.8 4.9 0.5 1.3 number in all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms. distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average )d. see "ExDlanat.ion of tBrms" 956 MANUF.ACTURES--NEW MEXICO. Wage earners employed, by months. — Table 6 gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the ISth of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed duriug each month ia 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month in the same year. Table 6 January February.. March April May June July August September. October November. December.. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.' 1914 1909 1904 3,621 3,666 3,616 3,775 3,965 4,103 4,142 4,389 4,532 4,591 4,346 4,320 4,273 3,238 3,127 3,508 3,411 3,467 3,492 3,495 3,606 3,839 3,477 3,649 3,427 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 89.9 89.4 94.3 97.4 96.5 100.0 97.4 95.4 94.6 89.4 89.6 79.9 78.8 82.2 86.4 89.4 90.2 95.6 98.7 100.0 94.7 94.1 93.1 84.3 81.5 91.4 88.9 90.3 91.0 91.0 93.9 100.0 90.6 95.1 89.3 1 The figures tor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those tor 1904, the average number employed during the month. For 1904 and 1909 the fall months show the greatest activity in the combuied industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners being employed in September and the minimum number in February for both years. In 1914 the maximum number (4,032) was employed in July and the minimum (3,605) dur- ing March. The number of wage earners reported for each month in 1914 indicate greater stability of employment than during either 1904 or 1909; in 1914 the minimum number formed 89.4 per cent of the maximum, as compared with 78.8 per cent and 81.5-per cent for 1909 and 1904, respectively. The greatest difference be- tween the maximum, and minimum -numbers in any one of the three census years was 975 in 1909. Table 7 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of Albuquerque, the only city in the state having a population of more than 10,000. Table 7 mnUSTKT AND CITY. All industries Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies Flour-mill and gristrnill products Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing All other industries Albuquerque WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 3,776 1,922 29 76 642 258 760 Number employed on ISth day of month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. Si 1,905 29 SB 535 SSI 782 Febru- ary. 3,623 1,874 29 46 542 253 795 March. 64 Sg4 255 787 April. 3,804 1,913 22 74 611 257 May. 3,926 90 1,971 19 88 631 258 June. 3,892 91 1,SS3 16 96 703 263 788 July. August. 4,032 100 1,855 22 125 755 258 917 811 Sep- tember. 3,927 30 136 787 259 760 819 3,846 38 103 741 256 694 Octo- ber. Novem- ber. 3,816 1,994 48 63 703 261 3,606 2,003 37 44 610 263 sei 917 Decem- ber. 3,614 2,063 34 38 562 262 567 976 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 84.0 25.7 95.4 61.2 Of the industries for which separate figures are given in this table, the greatest stabihty of employ- ment is shown for printing and publishing and cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- raihoad companies. The proportion which the mini- mum formed of the maximum number in these indus- tries was 95.4 and 88.9 per cent, respectively. The manufacture of ice shows the greatest degree of fluctu- ation of employment, the number of wage earners re- ported for January being 25.7 per cent of the number in August. In Albuquerque there was a slight fluc- tuation in the number of wage earners employed each month as the minimum number (788) reported for June formed 80.7 per cent of the maximum number (976) reported for December. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 8 the average number of wage earners employed for 1914 and 1909, for aU industries combined and for-)S: tries, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishr ments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined for the city of Albuquerque. The nximber employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or less number of hours. The total for all industries combined indicates a shortening of the hours of labor. In 1914, 2,586 wage earners, or 68.5 per cent of the total nmnber, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, as compared with 3,173, or 76.6 per cent, in 1909. In the city of Albu- querque, in 1914, only 23 per cent of the wage earners were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours were 60 or more per week. Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— NEW MEXICO. 957 Table 8 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTKT AND aTT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor pei were — week 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54. Be- tween 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 3,776 4,143 367 356 8 294 247 230 568 90 1,317 3,074 1,195 31 13 25 61 43 89" 54 1,922 1,489 29 28 76 60 642 1,476 268 283 760 764 847- 10 10 1 12 7 35 34 4 5 3 477 48 31 239 1,190 20 10 3 3 444 1,291 9 32 554 617 49 10 1,171 3 3 265 3 12 9' 18 2 6 2 3 59 29 iie 148 178 141 63 61 91 i6" 1 13 6 1 80 19 41 79 75 91 34 2 29 18 53 69 526 1 2 139 5 22 2 14 7 Character of ownership. — Table 9 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combiaed, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904. For the city of Albuquerque, the figures relate only to 1914. This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase during the decade in the number of estab- lishments throughout the state under each form of ownership, with the exception of the "all other" class, which shows a decrease from 1909 to 1914. The greatest proportion of the estabhshments is shown for those \mder individual ownership; but in value of products and average number of wage earners, those owned by corporations greatly predominate. In 1914, although only 33.4 per cent of the estabhshments in the state were under corporate ownership, this class reported 79.2 per cent of the total value of products and 85.1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. This condition also prevails in Albuquerque. Only 30.9 per cent of the establishments in the city are under corporate ownership, but the value of products equals" 84 per cent and the number of wage earners 88.9 per cent of the total. Table 9 Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. AND CITY. Average ntun- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. All classes 1914 1909 19D4 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1914 1914 1914 368 313 199 3,776 4,143 3,478 100.0 100.0 100.0 $9,320,067 7,897,756 6,705,880 100.0 100.0 100.0 196 158 109 123 95 ■153 49 60 37 55 415 499 255 3,213 3,374 3,104 148 270 119 847 11.0 12.0 7.3 85.1 81.4 89.2 3.9 6.5 3.4 100.0 1,380,833 1,177,829 761,825 7,380,665 6,243,762 4,645,600 558,579 476,165 298,455 1,914,384 14.8 14.9 13.4 79.2 79.1 81.4 6.0 6.0 5.2 100.0 Tnrlivfrfiialp 26 17 12 51 763 43 6.0 88.9 5.1 190,626 1,607,564 • 116,lSi4 10.0 Cnrpnratinns 84.0 6.1 1 Includes two establishments classified as "miscellaneous." Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 10. Table 10 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. ' VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE, 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 368 313 199 3,776 4,143 3,478 $9,320,067 $7,897,756 $5,705,880 $4,889,933 $4 636 713 S^ 4HQ QdR Less than $5,000 179 120 47 22 143 114 43 13 94 63 33 19 225 492 617 2,442 221 562 778 2,582 100 269 537 2,572 398,269 1,168,716 1,859,568 5,893,514 329,169 1,088,650 1,996,506 4,483,431 212,673 604,205 1,385,931 3,503,071 290, 874 682,364 913,394 3,003,301 243,159 689,587 1,062,426 2,641,541 159 787 t5,000 to $20,000 378' 129 $20,000 to 1100,000 $100,000 and over 2, 207', 362 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 lOO.O 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 48.6 32.6 12.8 6.0 45.7 36.4 13.7 4.2 47.2 31.7 16.6 14.5 6.0 13.0 16.3 5.3 13.6 18.8 mm 2.9 7.7 , ,15.4 4.3 12.5 Vlicr&s 4.2 13.8 r,^^25.3 3.7 10.6 24.3 61.4 5.9 14.0 18.7 61.4 5.2 14.9 22.9 57.0 4.,6 10.9 20.9 63.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . I Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 958 MANUFACTURES— NEW MEXICO. For 1914, 22 establishments, or 6 per cent of the total number of the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 13, or 4.2 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 9, or 4.5 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported an average of 2,442 wage earners, or 64.7 per cent of the total for the state, 63.2 per cent of the total value of products, and 61.4 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments — those having products of less than $5,000 in value — represented 48.6 per cent of the total number of establishments but reported only 4.3 per cent of the total value of- products. For the establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an iQcrease over the previous censuses, from 61.4 per cent ia 1904 to 56.8 per cent in 1909 and 63.2 per cent in 1914. Table 11 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the average Iiumber of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for six of the more important industries and for the city of Albuquerque. Table 1 1 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITY. No. wage earn- ers, 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage . earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). J) ■Ss •^ S *^ a 'f si Xl fi 1' si 1 SI ca S w ^ 1^ All industrlGS 368 - 3,776 64 231 498 44 464 13 419 8 620 6 1,044 2 731 Bread and other bakery products 45 15 17 15 60 107 109 65 89 1,922 29 76 642 258 760 847 7 36 72 2 2 17 17 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies 3 122 4 322 4 730 2 731 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 1 1 37 15 10 14 11 35 59 76 30 29 29 85 123 160 67 .2 18 10 10 10 25 182 113 110 101 1 3 1 5 3 22 86 22 167 66 Lumber and tirnber products 2 141 1 148 All other industries 2 157 1 1 166 136 *' 1 Table 12 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 11, and, for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 18 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NITMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 260 27.6 25.1 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 13.2 11.5 .12.3 12.7 11.1 8.9 16.4 9.4 19.4 16.0 16.5 Bread and other bakery prod- 80.9 83.3 100.0 100.0 38.2 56.0 13.2 8.7 47.7 52.3 21.1 13.0 7.9 19.1 16.7 0.9 1.0 1 1" Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs oy steam- railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 6.3 2.3 16.8 18.1 38.0 34.2 38.0 44.5 32.9 44.0 •28.3 16.7 43.8 38.6 14.5 16.6 11.9 28.9 Lumber and timber prodiacts . . . Printing and publishing 13.4 16.1 8.5 9.2 22.0 9.2 7.8 22.0 23.1 12.-3 46.3 All other industries 20.7 16.7 21.8 45.7 16.1 Albuqueeque 56.3 There were 64 establishments in the state in which no wage earners were employed. These are small es- tabhshments in which the work is prietors or firm members. In some cases they employ a few wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners coidd be shown for these establishments. The smaU establishments — those em- ploying 1 to 20 wage earners— formed 74.7 per cent of the total for the state but gave employment to only 25.5 per cent of the wage earners reported. The indus- tries shown in the table reported a majority of the establishments employing 1 to 20 wage earners, with the exception of the steam-railroad repair shops, which reported 40 per cent of the establishments employing more than 100 wage earners each. In Albuquerque 72.4 per cent of the wage earners were in the latter class. Engines and power. — ^Table 13 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current) . It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. During the decade covered by this table the primary horsepower reported for the manufactures of the state more than doubled. Steam engines and turbines show an increase of 1,780 horsepower, and internal-com- bustion engines, an increase of 410 horsepower in 1914 Mkspcifsm® MANUFACTURES— NEW MEXICO. 959 Table 13 NUMBEB OP ENOISTES OB MOTOKS. HOESEPOWiiU. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 456 348 109 15,668 15,465 5,948 100.0 100.0 100.0 207 152 52 3 249 249 208 159 43 4 142 142 109 74 23 12 m 14,359 13,561 775 23 1,309 1,309 12,220 11,781 365 74 3,245 3,245. 6,680 6,417 114 149 268 203 65 91.6 86.6 4.9 0.1 8.4 8.4 79.0 76.2 2.4 0.5 21.0 21.0 95.5 91.1 Intemal-combustioii engines. 1.9 2.5 4.5 Electric ., 3.4 Other :... 1.1 Electric , 327 249 78 212 142 70 2,617 1,309 1,308 4,586 3,245 1,341 233 203 30 100.0 60.0 50.0 100.0 70.8 29.2 100.0 1 87.1 Generated by establishments reporting 12.9 I Figures for horsepower include for 1904 the amounts reported under the head ot " other" owned power. 'Not reported. Fuel. — Table 14 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kmd of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for aU industries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole and for all industries com- bined in Albuquerque. Table 14 IMBTTSTBY AND CITY. All industries. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies Flour-mill and gristmill products ." Ice, manufactured : Printing and publishing All other industries : Albuquebque. An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 422 401 20 1 266 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 774,409 79,414 2,280 12,473 104 680, 138 23,420 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 2,355 296 i.'ioo 520 Oil, includ- ing gaso-, line (bar- rels). 30,802 3,903 164 1,085 198 25,452 2,044 Gas (1,000 cubic 1,382 1,094 288 1,167 Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries, but Table 15 summarizes these statistics for New Mexico for 1914 and 1909. Table 15 Number of establishments 4 Persons engaged...! Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower .- Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid tcf contract work Bent and taxes , Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEB LAUNDKIES. Number or amount. 1914 15 274 14 20 240 396 $205,065 134,176 29,444 104,732 200 8,380 49,719 280,373 1909 168 6 16 146 146 $164,187 77,698 12,455 65,243 1,712 20,481 156,419 Per cent of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. 63.1 64.4 171.2 24.9 72.7 136.4 60.5 389.5 142.8 79.2 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. GENERAL TABLES. Table 16 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state. Table 16.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. Table 17 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each , industry in the state that can be shown with- out the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- Ijer of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries . iBread and other bakery products. Brick. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-rbilroad com- panies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. be, manu&ctured . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 368 313 199 3,776 4,143 3,478 54 149 92 64 1,922 1,489 1,667 29 28 29 76 50 23 15, 668 15,465 5,948 648 668 163 2,276 3,069 822 761 632 2, 115 1, 378j 46! $2, 695 2,591 2,153 42 31 1,536 1,138 1,229 16 17 14 $4,430 3,261 2,236 242 154 87 64 32 18 1,382 963 1,125 337 354 312 */si;/z#'bf $9, 320 7,898 5,706 412 272 152 219 123 81 3,139 2,251 2,510 425 462 41' INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Lumber and timber prod- ucts Printing and publisliing . All other industries 1914 160 642 3,109 $379 $491 1909 76 1,475 4,885 714 578 1904 31 1,170 3,140 565 319 1914 107 258 252 183 94 1909 93 283 1,230 174 121 1904 2 56 149 103 93 55 1914 104 611 6,459 408 1,768 1909 62 672 3,687 430 1,017 1904 45 343 863 180 304 $1,643 2,162 1,435 578 589 295 2,672 1,895 761 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIE S COM- BINED. Albuquebque . 1914 1909 847 587 1,871 1,626 $654 $894 584 $1, 914 1,288 } Includes "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected 7f(*|S©®iOw®«s for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operation.^. 960 MANUFACTURES— NEW MEXICO. Table 17.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, INDUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. WAGE EAKNEKS DEC. IS, OE NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. 1 All industries 368 4,694 326 244 211 38 3,776 Jy 4,032 Mh 3,606 n m (») C) $8,983,679 Bread and other bakery products Brick' 2 45 5 6 •16 ID 10 17 15 6 45 15 17 5 102 6 87 9 8 6 38 138 166 26 2,086 66 23 32 29 56 101 18 679 103 '50 24 419 39 372 8 21 20 604 46 ""s 15 3 12 6 13 4 6 47 17 18 6 98 17 76 6 6 7 29 ""9 3 67 6 4 2 4 11 13 2 7 3 96 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 6 3 3 89 149 10 1,922 26 12 14 19 29 76 12 573 69 28 15 243 17 226 Au Je • Die 100 176 19 2,063 Fe» 84 No 119 De8 5 Je 1,833 88 158 12 2,063 29 14 15 19 38 . 119 12 790 76 28 17 261 17 244 78 168 10 2,063 21 11 10 19 38 119 12 . 790 76 26 13 209 11 198 6 4 135,378 296,030 59,454 2, us; 669 49,995 2^055 27^940 44,611 230,642 808,842 12,323 854,627 234,674 61,170 10,519 603,875 60,410 541,955 1,610 20,281 7,399 3,446,300 4 Butter 2 ^ Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. H 7 3 4 1 7 Oe My Oc Au My Au Je Au No» 16 22 23 48 136 16 718 73 37 17 My a 10 Fe' 12 Ja 14 Je 16 Ja 35 Apa 11 Mh 468 Fe 61 Dea 21 De 2 » Ice cream 1 q Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products In 3 6 ■■■3' n T> IS Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-miu products, not including planing nulls connected ■with sawmills. 37 12 2 2 34 "32' 2 1 19 4 2 ""37' 6 31 1 3 1 ' "i" 7 ...... 1 ...... 36 "'36' 15 2 Ifi Printing and publishing, j ob printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 17 16 6 . 10 IS Je De 18 243 My 16 Ja 218 19 Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing ?i 14 13 489 No 3 16 13 My 8 (') 13 13 16 ,9 99 3 1 9^ 43 31 12 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED. ! Albuquerque . 65 1,008 64 46 847 De 976 My 803 1,005 ^ 980 2 11,592,954 I Owned power only. *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 2 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 2 No figures given for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms." Boots and shoes - 1 Canning, vegetables 1 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 5 Charcoal 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke 3 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Foundry and machine-shop products 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NEW MEXICO. AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. CITIES or 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 961 EXPENSES. ' Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing.. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent ot factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- -tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). $363,965 5213,278 $2,695,448 $285,838 $66,313 $70,785 $3,379,845 $1,050,289 $9,320,067 $4,889,933 15,668 13,561 775 23 1,309 1,308 1 1,404 8,160 2,670 92,179 3,845 2,060 1,785 58,865 65,675 6,376 1,535,661 15,209 6,430 8,779 11,483 16,652 47,594 "6,580 324,060 54,818 13,900 8,360 174,671 3,865 170,806 11,483 1,652 1,294 285 1,153 572 244 328 323 2,344 7,639 32 12,339 1,409 623 268 5,868 52 5,816 231,837 10,344 138,588 1,270,625 51,187 21,518 29,669 21,179 322,972 8,642 7,385 177,834 307,264 18,948 6,070 78,363 4,229 72,884 1,250 24,177 9,651 695,979 10,014 53,655 1,567 111,534 1,465 715 750 559 14, 114 43,538 113 25 5,927 860 390 9,842 339 9,603 411,824 218,649 217,692 3,139,411 132,677 52,231 80,446 60,205 424,501 231,710 19,940 1,231,555 411,736 72,588 41,046 536,891 16, 147 610,286 10,459 49,523 26,376 2,104,746 169,973 154, 650 77,537 1,757,352 80,025 29,998 50,027 28,467 87, 415 179,630 12, 442 1,053,696 98,545 52,780 35,685 448,686 11,679 427,898 9,209 25,192 15, 724 612,234 48 648 56 2,276 35 9 26 12 761 2,115 2 2,455 654 26 13 239 8 231 '"'598' 20 2,241 8 40 50 31 '"'849' 3 3 75' '"'355' 2 •> 17,270 3,820 111,886 5,760 4,400 1,350 3,725 8,030 13,182 4,971 •^ 1,102 "■■■35' 8 5 n 5 200 200 7,070 2,560 4,510 985 1,680 12,100 612 231 2,852 2,110 1,375 17,716 456 17,220 40 1,560 1,182 4,255 27 9 18 7 135 155 2 6 7 ""576' 1,910 8 5 40 50 ■■■'ie' S 50 500 200 200 255,682 1,560 620 i,832 2,578 10 11 I? 60,780 11,553 2,200 2,476 43,419 19,820 2,500 1,500 440 45,073 2,700 42,118 255 2,444 179 3 11 44 9 11 431 14 13 174 7 167 14 15 16 15,891 2,040 5,926 7,926 63 1 62 2 2' 17 18 42,569 860 1,060 19 13,975 6,725 • 335,854 75 1,854 33,155 154 4 4 ■>? 78,825 31,277 5,974 796,532 6,324 6,596 502 226 24 23 63,292 68,680 654,122 15,428 13,997 19, 779 831, 747 62,535 1,914,384 1,020,102 1,871 1,367 36 401 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Lime 2 Liquors, distilled 1 Liquors, malt 2 Liquors, vinous 2 Marble and stone work 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Smelting, copper . . . Trunks and valises - Wall plaster Wool scouring 82101°— 18- -61 Digitized by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. By George E. Oller GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^The area of New York is 49,204 square miles, of which 1,550 represent water surface. The inhabitajits^of the state in 1900 numbered 7,268,894, and in 1910, 9,113,614; and its estimated population in 1914 was 9,899,761. New York has ranked first among the states and territo- ries in population since 1820; in 1914 it ranked twenty-ninth in area and fifth in density, having 207.7 persons per square mile, as compared with 191.2 in 1910 and 152.5 in 1900. The urban population ia 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabit- ants or more — ^was 7,185,494, or 78.8 -per cent of the total, as against 72.9 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 10 cities, each having a popu- lation of over 50,000— New York City, 5,333,539; Buffalo, 454,112; Rochester, 245,077; Syracuse, 149,- 353; Albany, 102,961; Yonkers, 93,383; Schenectady, 91,012; Utica, 82,060; Troy, 77,560; and Binghamton, 52,191. In 1910 there were only 9 cities of that size, the population of Binghamton having increased to over 50,000 in the five-year period. These cities, whose aggregate population in 1914 formed 67.4 per cent of the estimated total -population of the state, contributed 77.7 per cent of the manufactured prod- ucts. There were also 43 cities and villages having a population of over 10,000 but less than 50,000. The 53 cities and villages having an estimated popu- lation of more than 10,000 contained 76.2 per cent of the total population of the state in 1914, while only three-tenths of 1 per cent resided in incorporated places having between 2,500 and 10,000. The importance of New York in manufacturing is due largely to its geographic position, as well as to the abundant natural wealth of its fields, forests, mines, and quarries. The artificial and natural waterways afford an outlet for coastwise and for- eign commerce through the most important seaport in the United States. A large percentage of the commercial and manufacturing centers of the state are located on waterways, which, according to the last survey, had an aggregate of approximately 1 ,550 square miles' of navigable water. The railroads of New York are also important factors in its industrial development and afford excel- lent avenues for the transportation and output of manufactures. The steam-raUway mileage in 1914 was 8,530, and the electric-raUway mileage in 1912 was 4,274. ■ Digitized The mineral output of the state for the year 1914, as reported by the United States Geological Survey, amounted to $36,307,036. Agriculture is also a lead- ing industry upon which manufactures are more or less- dependent. The total value of all farm crops in 1909 was $209,168,236, the most important being hay and forage, $77,360,645; followed by cereals — oats, com, wheat, etc., $43,099,988; vegetables,.$36,309,544; and fruits and nuts, $24,900,491. The value of merchandise exported through the port of New York during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1914, was $864,546,338, or 36.6 per cent of the aggregate for the United States, and of merchandise imported, $1,040,380,526, or 54.9 per cent of the total for the country. The corresponding figures for 1909 were $607,239,481 and $779,308,944, respectively. Importance and growth of manufactures. — ^Although New York, is an important agricultural and mining state, its predominance is most marked in. manufac- turing. The state has outranked aU others in this respect since 1849, when the first authorized census of manufactures was taken, but the proportion which the state has contributed to the total value of prod- ucts manufactured in the entire United States has decreased. This proportion was 23.3 per cent in 1849 and only 15.7 per cent ia 1914. In 1849 the total value of the manufactured products of New York, including those of the neighborhood and hand indus- tries, amounted to $237,597,249; while in 1914, exclu- sive of the value of products of the neighborhood and hand industries, it reached a total of $3,814,661,114, or more than sixteen times that in 1849. During the same period the population of the state increased 219.6 per cent. In 1849 an average of 199,349 wage earners, representing 6.4 per cent of the total popu- lation, were employed m. manufacturing, while in 1914 an average of 1,057,857 wage earners, or 10.7 per cent of the total population, were so engaged. During this period the gross value of products per capita of the total population of the state increased from $77 to $385. Table 1 summarizes the more important statistics relative to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state of New York for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. The general increase in the manufactures of the state was less from 1909 to 1914 than during either of ^f 1^^r&S(3^fi®^^^°^^> *^e average number of (963) 9(14 MANUFACTURES. wage earners increasing 6.4 per cent, the value of products 13.2 per cent, and value added by manufac- ture 12.8 per cent. The value added by manufacture, as explained in the "Explanation of terms," best rep- resents the wealth created by manufacturing opera- tions during the year. The proportion of value added by manufacture which New York contributed to the total for the United States was about the same in 1914 as in 1899, 17.3 per cent. The totals given in the table do not include the statistics for five estabhshments operated by the Fed- eral Government — ^The United States Naval Clothing Factory and the United States navy yard at Brooklyn, the United States Lighthouse Establishment at Tomp- kinsviUe, the Watervhet Arsenal, and the West Point gas plant. In 1914 these plants employed an average of 4,731 wage earners and reported products valued at $9,814,735. • Table 1 Numter of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital ^. . . Salaries and wages , Salaries ' Wages , Paid tor contract work 1 Eent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) MANUFACTUEING INDUSTRIES- 1914 48, 203 1,289,098 48,636 182, 605 1, 057, 857 2,356,655 $3,334,277,526 873, 770, 946 242,728,935 631,042,011 71, 968, 120 103, 560, 609 2,108,607,361 3,814,661,114 1,706,053,753 1909 44,935 1,203,241 47,569 151,691 1,003,981 1, 997, 662 $2,779,496,814 743, 262, 909 186,032,070 557,230,839 69,562,602 75, 518, 760 1,856,904,342 3,369,490,192 1,512,685,850 1901 37,194 996, 725 41,766 98,012 856,947 1, 516, 592 $2,031,459,515 541, 160, 026 111,145,175 430,014,851 52, 784, 741 2 32,318,897 1, 348, 603, 286 2,488,345,579 1,139,742,293 1899 35,957 h 68,030 726,909 1,099,931 $1, 523, 502, 651 414,063,700 76,740,115 337,323,585 «. 1,018,377,186 1,871,830,872 853,453,686 PER CENT OF INCREASE. 1909^1914 7.3 7.1 2.2 20.4 5.4 18.0 20.0 17.6 30.5 13.2 3.5 37.1 13.6 13.2 12.8 1901-1909 1899-1904 20.8 30.7 13.9 54.8 17.2 31.7 36.8 37.3 •67.4 29.6 31.8 37.7 35.4 32.7 3.4 44.1 17.9 37.9 33.3 30.7 44.8 27.5 32.4 32.9 33.5 1 Figures not available. 2 Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative impcTrtance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z DJIICSTEY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. CENSUS OF 1914. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. PER CENT OF INCREASE.' Wage earners (average mmiber). 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Value of products. 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries Clothing, women's ■Printing and publishing Clothing, men's, includmg shirts Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Slaughtering and meat packing Sugar, refining Bread and other bakery products. . . Tobacco manufactures Liquors, malt Hosiery and knit goods Flour-miU and gristmill products. . . Electrical machmery, apparatus, and supplies MiUmery and lace goods Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Lumber and timber products Paper and wood pulp Gas, illuminating and heating Furniture and refrigerators Furnishing goods, men's Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Chemicals Automobiles, including bodies and pai'ts Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished Photographic apparatus and mate- rials Confectionery Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills 1 Percentages are based on figuri can not be given. 48,203 1,057,857 100.0 $3,814,661,114 100.0 $1,706,053,753 100.0 5.4 17.2 13.2 35.4 32.9 12.8 32.7 33.5 3,835 4,806 2,627 3,093 337 6 4, 249 2,871 163 483 216 1,308 309 1,776 150 131 768 346 791 1,144 70 247 806 59 349 160 287 24 108,393 64,020 81,370 66,690 6,641 4,899 27,002 30, 489 9,826 40,095 3,070 23, 738 26,124 27, 661 21, 503 13, 670 10, 090 22, 163 17, 496 16, 040 3,235 7,780 12,122 6,699 5,360 7,426 10, 768 12,602 4,031 10,788 10.2 6.1 7.7 6.3 0.6 0.5 2.6 2.9 0.9 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.0 1.3 1.0 2.1 1.7 1.5 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.2 0.4 345,316,642 267,268,671 238,626,691 173, 429, 715 148,106,659 124,941,470 109,227,959 88,079,588 86,673,426 78,229,235 77,408,764 73,.944, 708 72,328,656 71,412,756 69,748,330 56,335,681 52,815,589 49, 849, 300 46,386,505 44,821,665 43,262,309 42, 876, 880 42,115,276 41,796,235 36,018,342 35,174,339 34,070,463 33,071,781 U66,811 9.1 6.7 6.3 4.6 3.3 2.9 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 161,636,588 188,363,768 121,496,950 104,867,493 17, 887, 272 10, 574, 467 49,693,070 50, 108, 813 61,178,667 34,369,366 9,986,003 35,919,949 36,073,111 28, 363, 804 26,818,027 20,405,222 31, 266, 803 27, 760, 409 22,496,721 20,448,824 6,283,011 16,624,801 20,139,486 24,884,490 8,106,071 25,370,452 14,004,923 17,315,983 9.5 11.0 7.1 6.1 1.0 0.6 2.9 2.9 3.6 2.0 0.6 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.2 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.5 0.6 1.6 0.8 10.6 1.4 -10.9 4.1 8.7 32.0 18.1 41.3 5.8 62.5 62.5 11.1 18.7 -4.2 14.4 26.7 18.6 -10.3 12.3 16.5 57.0 31.6 42.0 20.7 68.3 62.4 39.6 26.9 -0.2 29.4 30.0 17.4 -7.1 13.1 5.5 52.0 28.0 41.3 18.2 93.4 26.4 1.6 12.5 11.5 2.7 25.1 23.9 27.4 -21.7 12.4 67.1 9.2 -3.8 9.2 12.9 35.4 22.9 20.5 -5.8 81.7 26.6 6.6 33.3 1^^14,640 0.7 33, 20.6 -11.6 9.6 22.4 -2.4 16.4 29.6 24.2 5.6 -2.8 -8.6 21.1 9.4 11.8 -0.1 16.7 433.3 9.1 4.5 56.4 19.6 24.2 15,4 34. l' 21.7 26.4 7.4 10.3 43.6 67.2 44.2 4.5 2.9 '34.0 30.6 11.6 -23.1 31.9 17.6 9.6 542.0 -5.9 -16.6 25.6 26.3 41.4 63.0 71.6 26.7 14.9 10.3 16.6 10.9 50.0 38.8 48.2 -17.6 16.3 24.7 18.9 7.6 16.6 1.9 21.3 36.9 11.9 30.3 87.5 33.4 -1.8 85.7 -18.9 41.3 16.9 25.4 44.9 28.0 39.4 68.6 28.4 17.6 29.4 19.9 43.0 43.8 40.8 36.7 53.5 627.2 30.4 27.7 97.0 40.0 44.0 51.9 86.2 41.8 22.2 10.4 55.8 56.1 33.4 16.9 41.3 68.8 18.9 41.6 16.9 43.9 834.2 7.9 -6.7 127.4 34.0 58.6 50.4 140.9 48.1 10.6 4.0 20.8 7.0 64.7 40.5 47.6 -13.0 19.4 14.4 21.9 9.1 17.4 -0.2 6.3 25.3 0.5 21.0 83.9 41.5 7.0 52.8 1.6 36.9 12.3 27.6 57.1 30.1 24.6 66.5 27.0 5.5 14.4 12.1 34.3 40.6 27.1 48.0 55.4 583.0 24.8 103.5 29.0 30.1 61.6 71.2 63.5 44.0 25.4 11.7 21.3 26.4 16.8 3.1 14.9 47.2 72.3 61.8 23.0 61.9 18.7 4.5 37.4 731.4 21.0 -7.2 187.0 41.5 52.0 71.6 es in Table 77; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base Is less than 100, or where comparable figures NEW YORK. 965 Table 2— Continued. Num- ber o£ estab- lish- ments. Paint and varnish OoSee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Cars and general shop construction andrepairsby steam-railroad eom- Fur goods, Silk goods, including throwsters . . Soap. J Carpets and rugs, other than rag. . Canning and preserving Brass, bronze, and copper products . Jewelry , Leather goods '.. Boxes, fancy and paper Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats Iron and steely blast furnaces Cotton goods, mcluding cotton small Oil, linseed Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes Dyeing and finishing textiles Liquors, distilled Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Agricultural implements Smpbnilding, including boat build- ing Ifarble and stone work Gloves and mittens, leather Malt Typewriters and supplies Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified Smelting and refining, not from the -ore.; Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Hats, straw Cars, steam-railroad, not iiiduding qperatitins of railroad companies . . Fanqy aiticles, not elsewhere speci- fleu. Uineral and soda waters Bags, other than paper Carriages and wagons and materials . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad companies Confectionery (Ice cream) Buttons Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Chocolate and cocoa products Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specifled Dental goods Silverware and plated ware Cement Dairymen's, poultrymeu's, and apiarists' supplies Bags, paper, not inpluding bags made in paper mills Hats, fur-felt Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. .-. Mattresses and spring beds Corsets Dyestuffs and extracts Ink, printing .' Umhrellas and canes Wire : Optical goods Signs and advertising novelties Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases Clocks and watches, including cases and materials Instruments, professional and scien- tific :. CENSUS OF 1914. 150 136 107 877 143 65 14 987 228 566 605 331 51 8 51 6 369 99 17 113 17 60 207 551 216 25 61 183 293 143 17 45 76 4 278 612 30 604 189 193 224 150 13 356 40 69 12 33 17 39 47 196 60 23 70 272 Wage earners. Average number. 20, 234 5,904 11, 669 3,168 12, 640 8,757 6,627 6,061 7,473 14, 192 8,562 1,832 I 9,127 538 7,715 5,514 658 4,639 5,505 5,392 6,076 4,798 6,026 533 4,446 4,601 4,187 2,753 316 3,633 3,158 2,595 3,576 2,697 1,362 3,911 7,494 4,921 1,381 5,223 4,857 810 2,326 866 2,989 2,283 2,046 1,271 3,563 3,051 1,996 2,879 647 489 1,567 1,384 2,988 2,392 1,027 2,236 2,243 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.3 0.2 1.9 0.6 1.1 0.3 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 P) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 P) 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 Value of products. $31,884,421 31,675,263 30, 892, 742 30,312,136 29,260,763 27,526,199 26,075,521 25,944,634 23,964,682 21,810,245 21,796,980 21,692,085 21,098,096 18,485,638 18,464,811 16,686,597 16,455,637 16,302,676 16,492,682 15,330,357 14,964,737 14,676,694 14,195,298 13,324,209 12,845,284 12,380,622 12,252,046 11,247,453 10,945,900 10,907,901 10,264,464 10,228,445 10,181,893 9,066,920 9,046,001 9,038,767 8,962,397 8,769,lii) 8,290,306 8,204,259 7, 828, 184 7,821,290 7,505,170 7,412,401 7,349,602 7,143,111 6,875,212 6,840,005 6,759,695 6,763,572 6,637,380 6,603,483 6,496,972 6,393,626 6,225,866 6,169,815 5,960,504 5, 779. 462 5,692,17,^ 5,662,184 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 0.8 0.8 o:8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Valuefedded by manmacture. $13,292,761 6, 113, 812 16, 568, 685 13, 490, 100 12, 624, 542 7, 656, 815 10,297,368 9,987,274 8,749,789 10, 708, 410 9, 789, 284 12,043,706 8,193,920 2, 198, 486 6,811,373 2,665,098 8,298,041 5,850,598 11,010,613 6,876,878 4,513,901 7,603,489 9,022,620 8,294,821 5,764,865 1,995,018 9, 783, 524 6,109,087 5,522,703 2,849,657 1,281,064 5,542,271 4,291,617 2,695,291 4,490,439 5,118,296 1,354,409 5, 182, 296 5, 187, 248 4,137,862 .3,035,892 4,597,632 4,899,200 2,044,876 2,658,348 1,942,762 4,139,012 3, .332, 594 3,' 462, 521 1,642,116 3,146,652 4,350,393 2,645,702 3, 474, .673 2,341,239 3,524,557 2,287,063 2,092,329 3,980,001 3,647,608 Per cent distri- bu- tion. O.S 0.4 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 PEE CENT OF INCKEASE.l Wage earners (average number). Value of products. 1909- 1914 13.2 11.3 23.0 -28.4 -9.6 6.5 6.4 23.8 -0.4 -6.1 -1.6 23.0 -9.6 -20.3 -14.4 -4.9 -9.2 6.0 -7.5 -6.7 7.7 -30.9 -4.2 1.7 -2.0 -26.2 25.1 51.9 11.3 75.8 25.9 8.7 4.3 5.5 36.2 -36.1 -28.3 9.8 -14.7 8.5 7.3 -10.9 226.6 -2.5 58.2 .156. 1 23.2 -28.2 '23.1 18.2 54.8 -6.9 -18.3 -3.8 46.0 194.9 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 -6.2 -7.6 16.1 42.0 14.4 23.9 7.4 -9.2 -0.8 7.7 6.8 47.4 21.2 10.1 166.4 46.5 24.1 -11.7 -9.0 -12.2 -3.1 12.0 -3.0 58.6 47.7 -4.9 -2.2 61.4 -23.3 86.9 49.0 4.6 38.5 10.8 2/. 7 -2.3 -66.3 -7.2 -36.0 -12.3 92.9 14.0 52.3 16.1 116.7 -19.5 . 85.5 28.0 22.1 43.3 ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 77; a can not be glyen. * ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cept. 0.1 5,517,876 0.1 1,697,023 0.1 27.9 1.1 65.8 18.5 0.2 5,461,134 0.1 3,231,662 0.2 -9.4 14.0 -20.5 -11.7 50.1 -16.6-17.2 106.9 -5.9 0.2 5,367-,989 0.1 3,727,863 0.2 14.2 60.7 32.1 22.6 62.0 23.2 59.8 60.6 27.0 minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 19.9 6.6 8.5 30.3 43.5 18.9 28.8 22.1 33.0 29.4 -5.1 50.9 -5.0 31.6 -17.3 15.0 23.7 13.1 15.4 2.9 -43.3 -26.3 54.8 24.7 -21.8 -11.7 2.9 28.0 -23.4 18.8 0.6 11.9 5.4 4.7 66.5 24.9 il.2 591.0 30.9 5.3 6.4 10.7 -6.2 -3.5 40.8 -7.5 2,620.0 6.2 11.6 81.7 42.2 -26.6 10.3 16.7 1.8 36.3 8.0 7.1 3.8 52.4 -11. 1 -30.6 -9.3 8.4 -22.2 68.5 22.5 -2.6 24.3 -25.7 -10.4 12.0 19.0 -13.6 39.9 40.0 13.8- 16.4 33.7 52.6 21.5 79.8 -34.1 -30.0 23.6 20.7 27.3 -2.3 39.7 -12rS 183.9 60.4 20.3 -35.0 -26.4 10.1 23.9 38.2 62.0 -1.3 -42.6 42.4 219.5 1904- 1909 13.7 -35.4 21.5 57.4 31.4 76.0 32.0 13.2 64.8 21.9 11.7 21.9 51.5 56.4 429.4 121.8 -23.0 14.8 1.3 10.1 44.1 67.0 92.4 46.2 13.6 22.2 74.1 6.3 190.2 31.2 36.7 -9.2 10.4 71.1 143.5 35.8 42.8 0.4 40.1 19.4 -23.2 67.8 96.4 32.0 62.4 2S.7 208.1 66.5 76.0 ■36.4 7.1 113.7 1899- 1904 33.1 20.1 10.4 65.8 58.8 29.1 34.6 20.6 42.5 52.1 23.4 71.1 24.5 17.6 -20.3 20.3 24.8 30.3 11.9 -8.3 27.1 40.0 44.4 -17.5 14.3 141.6 56.8 -18.7 21.0 62.1 4.6 10.4 62.3 81.8 50.2 32.7 505.1 23.1 24.3 4.4 28.1 63.6 -9.8 4,745.9 6.2 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 24.6 28.0 42.3 -21.4 -0.4 -4.0 -16.2 35.6 —3.3 7.8 4.5 48.3 -8.9 -61.5 -21.'0 -7.2 5.7 -2.4 -12.3 20.4 -23.6 -8.7 -8.4 16.2 -19; 6 39.8 35.8 70.6 77.4 18.4 7.2 6.9 66.7 -30.8 19.6 -11.7 12.2 23.5 -1.5 261.8 -3.1 107.1 18.3 -2.3 -34.6 -19.9 8.6 29.8 42.9 61.6 -0.4 -6.6 43.6 228.0 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 9.2 25.1 11. 5 ] -1.3 27.8 66.9 29.7 59.7 48.6 6.4 69.2 19.2 13.0 2.7 162.3 80.1 58.9 251.4 83.1 57.6 -12.0 16.1 3.0 2.9 48.6 30.9 87.5 42.1 10.3 11.7 61.9 -4.3 186.3 68.0 51.1 20.8 36.8 -11.4 9.0 34. B 120.6 31.3 17.9 -3.3 -42.1 21.3 -24.2 136.6 67.6 12.9 51.4 ^7.5 153.0 65.4 79. f 23.8 60.6 132.5 24.5 55.1 57.9 12.6 46.6 29.4 41.3 42.8 23.4 47.0 -5.5 109.3 -10.0 35.9 26.5 26.4 29.0 31.5 16.8 -6.1 25.5 42.9 38.9 -11.6 22.3 -30.6 41.. 6 0.9 4.2 31.6 29.9 91.0 85.0 17.9 291.6 14.1 85.1 42.3 4.4 22.3 24.3 68.3 2.9 3,002.2 -0.2 966 MANUFACTURES. Table 2— Oontinued. CENSUS OF 191i. PER CENT OF INCREASE. 1 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufactuiB. A.verage number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Battbitt metal and solder 26 29 31 22 106 111 36 98 45 61 11 182 89 54 107 67 31 97 24 26 100 9 10 11 55 209 140 7 40 19 61 157 13 20 37 33 9 9 119 60 30 158 66 90 13 35 27 93 52 74 46 26 15 21 189 41 180 42 16 63 10 3 11 139 6 11 23 129 1,139 226 1,628 740 3,089 1,006 1,407 546 784 462 1,712 1,513 2,148 1,710 2,414 1,668 913 1,071 1,883 1,464 1,510 1,400 757- 2,367 992 1,012 995 1,193 1,305 433 438 1,097 1,152 39 1,492 180 662 381 466 311 1,078 1,014 1,064 744 635 856 649 561 630 974 1,215 881 300, 906 348 362 1,226 757 250 653 734 357 182 369 706 174 283 411 600 26, 389 m 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 0.1 0.1 ^o!i Z m 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 0.1 ^] 0.1 0.1 m 0.1 0.1 m m m (') 0.1 2.5 S5, 329, 306 5,247,290 5, 169, 218 5, 166, 714 5, 008, 695 4,896,778 4, 892, 087 4,773,924 4,703,762 4,690,226 4,576,726 » 4,361,798 4,256,431 3,966,431 3,834,612 3,715,267 3,713,891 ^,713.487 3,570,582 3,553,638 3,393,889 3,341,683 3,200,103 3.188,884 3,166,982 3, 120, 699 3,073,016 2,952,047 2,871,244 2,789,731 2, 781, 235 2,778,669 2,760,181 2,689,133 2,664,911 2,612.071 2, 483, 254, 2,476,881 2,352,036 2,300,780 2,258,190 2,164,006 2,037,168 2,022,833 1,996,812 1,966,815 1,964,668 1,969,460 1, 945, 004 1,934,303 1,9^0,945 1,874,483 1,866,761 1,852,314 1,788,986 . 1,781,755 1,763,597 1,694,834 1,649,744 1,662,394 1, 499, 015 1,396,705 1,354,886 1,305,070 1,301,201 1,110,303 1,074,569 1,008,006 163,839,979 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m m m m m m (») m 4.3 S981,487 2,070,076 4,144,951 3,471,897 1,429,999 3,229,311 1,751,983 2,650,304 1,201,713' 2,072.810 2,394,927 2,713,627 3,344,358 2,529,777 1,994,251 1,063,069 1,666,246 1,987,763 2,291,076 2,188,179 1,725, .574 1.337,908 2,004,740 1,800.6.63 1,327,030 1,666,618 2,149,504 1,564,660 954,914 856,207 1,980,214 1,635,838 596,976 1,092,371 723, 089 1,021.497 541,343 807,843 930,046 1,0.37.286 873,626 1,032,119 1,146,620 990.249 1,560,904 1,166,780 623,414 1,204,218 1,340,925 1,245,078 949,050 830, 172 1,181,496 762,372 . 749,399 903.905 1,070,804 917, 139 809, 857 1,197,960 567,399 468,323 566. 669 828,699 270, 092 342,501 637, 798 812, 130 37,941,587 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 %\ ■ m 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 m 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 z m m m (') . ,2.2 17.2 21.8 1.4 -0.8 10.4 25.2 -9.6 19.1 -7.4 37.7 -5.6 -31.1 22.6 832.0 -15.6 -5.4 -13.3 67.3 45.5 -].0 -16.1 138.8 32.3 38.0 3.0 40.6 10.3 -6.4 47.3 -26.1 21.2 -22.7 -7.1 -10.3 31.4 -26.5 -24.0 -48.7 21.5 3.7 21.4 -14.0 -8.5 -72.6 12.5 9.4 -16.6 14.2 29.0 3.7 71.1 52.3 7.0 90.2 -31.6 -19.9 6.5 -y.i. 17.0 76.0 2.9 50.0 -2.8 18.9 -1.2 13.3 86.4 -20.4 19.0 13.2 22.7 -11.0 ' 7.1 44.3 -30.6 -36.9 50.9 23.4 31.9 89.0 36.0 11.3 10.8 6.9 -15.5 41.2 34.5 -13.0 16.8 60.6 14.3 -8.6 28.6 -23.8 24.4 -45.7 40.3 -13.3 -10.0 46.4 241.2 -5.9 -3.1 -1.9 100.8 39.4 22.6 -42.2 160.2 34.8 24.6 -2.9 40.5 24.9 -0.6 14.2 -18.0 24.8 -21.9 6.0 -16.3 -10.7 -31.0 -17.1 -41.7 33.3 3.9 24.3 11.1 9.3 -74.3 -7.8 41.3 2.6 31.5 56.9 8.6 51.3 40.5 37.3 29.6 -20.3 -20.2 29.2 -6.7 41.6 56.8 -10.2 23.3 20.3 65.5 6.4 89.9 117.7 11.7 . 41.1 17.3 32.'l -5.7 14.0 46.3 8.8- 61.4 64.6 56.2 -B.l 66.4 74.6 42.1 34.2 18.2 16.3 19.5 68.6 -6.7 m 150.2 3.6 -6.6 16.8 -24.5 31.9 -48.7 19.5 -14.6 -14.6 42.1 309.9 -7.4 0.3 -8.7 98.3 48.5 28.6 -17.5 227.7 7.4 21.5 6.1 41.6 16.7 8.4 -6.7 -3.1 23.6 -21.8 187.4 -38.7 -36.1 -43.7 -66.4 -49.3 8.6 8.4 34.9 -8.4 17.8 -70.5 -6.6 35.2 -30.5 22.5 38.5 12.9 49.0 41.4 38.7 28.8 -2.2 -18.4 28.4 25! 9 56.2 -0.6 59.6 26.1 64.9 J6.8 72.1 135.8 16.8 54.4 82.5 19.3 m 8.3 49.4 23.2 84.1 Pens, fountain, stylographic, and gold 56.7 54.4 Window sliades and fixtures U.5 49.9 122.3 Blacking and cleansing and polish- ing preparations . . . . 34.8 30.1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere 16.5 Wall paper, not made in paper mills . Glass, cutting, staining, and oma- 23.0 ^.3 64.9 Paving materials . . Hat and cap materials -19.0 -6.7 44.9 26.1 11.1 -16.9 95.4 6.8 41.9 "i'.s 65.6 13.4 2.9 12.5 59.3 -8.5 61.4 37.6 3,360.8 12.8 77.7 95.2 21.2 127.4 1.3 39.0 28.2 -31.1 70.8 9.7 61.0 95.5 104.2 -8.5 93.1 36.1 90.1 " 'ii'S 50.1 -12.3 -26.'7' 28.2 ■259.'9' "4'6.'5' -10.7 -16.6 11.2 ■276.'5' -33.9 0.3 -4.4 19.9 46.5 -14.1 -5.5 113.5 Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods 28.2 Toys and games 60.2 Iron and steel forgings . . Salt 13,8 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified Belting and hose, woven and rubber. "Firfiarm^ ?iti'1 aTnTmiTiitinTi 78.0 25.0 2,467.9 10.8 29.7 63.7 1.8 64.2 21.3 9.3 -1.3 23.5 37.8 -29.0 36.5 24.6 52.3 -34.9 -15.4 75.0 -6.0 20.8 'm.V "ii's 1.4 -37.0 41.3 'sss.'s' -42.3 33.5 2,642.6 26.0 69.8 96.1 -24.6 143.0 0.7 29.7 14.5 137.9 86.0 66.5 27.1 181.3 113.4 -19.3 -7.5 Mirrors, framed and unframed Awnings tents and sails -36.' i Models and patterns, not including 24.5 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, Cordials and flavoring sirups Wood distillation, not including turpentine and rosin i98.6 Stereotyping and electrotyping .....' Looking-glass and picture frames . . . Gold and silver, reducing and refin- 42.8 0.1 -59.3 Pipes tobacco 8.4 Oil not elsewhere specified 336. i Glue, not elsewhere specified -39.6 68.3 -21.2 90.4 500.8 -28.9 64.4 1.5 -24.8 2.3 2.8 -35.8 85.8 283.3 -49.3 21.9 -16.6 22.2 -30.5 36.1 -9.0 2.1 197.0 48.2 15.1 1.9 71.4 70.9 67.0 124.9 51.2 59.8 -80.5 171.2 -0.1 93.4 676.8 -3.4 86.3 15.4 -23.1 -11.4 24.4 -4.1 189.4 126.5 2.6 17.5 -4.7 45.9 -19.2 63.5 6.8 25.4 43.5 94.6 4.7 25.2 476.3 40.2 80.2 89.4 ■■5tt.i' 52.5 138.5 -80,2 102.2 -13.2 100.8 515.6 -14.0 61.1 17.3 10.2 -4.8 26.6 -15.0 179.6 140.7 18.9 -16.2 -10.4 28.7 -21.6 56.1 -1.7 43.1 81.8 Baskets, and rattan and willow 121.5 Flags, banners, regalia, society badges and emblems 8.3 6.0 532.4 Upholstering materials, not else- Surgical appliances and artificial 32.7 91.9 Jewelry and instrument cases Sporting and athletic goods Iron and steel, doors and shutters. . . 66.. 8 59.2 Artifirial stone nroducts . . 136.1 Motorey'cles, bicycles, and parts -79.3 Candles Sand and emery paper and cloth 9.8 -44.8 -5.9 26.9 68.1 -8.0 325.3 68.9 18.6 14.4 -33.2 -9.1 -i6."4 67.7 16.8 -b'.i 53.3 -46.1 -37.1 27.8 45.6 -9.7 128.4 86.5 -37.0 23.8 -31.7 -5.8 -is.' 6 85.3 '"'3.0 27.1 -44.9 -22.4 39.8 29.6 -7.1 181.9 74.8 -16.3 19.5 -33.9 6.5 "Wood, turned and carved TfRflj^, liFiT^ P'r*^; ^"'^ sheet i6.5 36.8 Minerals and earths, ground '"9.'9 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 77 not be given. * Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. ed where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can NEW YORK. 967 Separate statistics are presented for 161 industries, or industry combinations, for each of which products valued at more than $1,000,000 were reported for 1914. These industries or combinations- include 17 with products exceeding $50,000,000 in value, 21 with products between $25,000,000 and $50,000,000 in value, and 25 with productb between $10,000,000 and $25,000,000, making an aggregate of 63 industries with value of products in excess of $10,000,000. The other industries shown separately comprise 35 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000 and 63 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," are 15 which have products exceeding in value some of those presented in the table, but the statistics for them can not be shown separately with- out the possibiHty of disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments. These industries comprise 3 with products exceeding $10,000,000, 1 with product between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, and 11 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and in- clude copper smelting and refining, petroleum refining, and the manufacture of aluminum ware and of oil- cloth and hnoleum. The industries in the table are arranged in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on the average nxmiber of wage earners, or value added by manufactiu-e. Thus, the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, which ranks fifth ui gross value of products, and the flour-mill and gristmill industry, which ranks eleventh in that re- spect, rank thirty-fourth and sixty-third, respec- tively, in the average number of wage earners em- ployed, and twenty-first and thirty-seventh, respec- tively, in value added by manufacture. In these in- dustries comparatively few wage earners are required and the cost of material is very high. The prqpor- tional value added to the raw material by manufac- ture is, therefore, very small in comparison with the corresponding proportion for most other industries. Other important industries which rank much higher in gross value of products than in number of wage earners or value added by manufacture are the butter, cheese, and condensed-mUk industry; the tanning, currying, and finishing of leather; the manufacture of soap; the roasting and grinding of coffee; the blast- furnace industry; the manufacture of Hnseed oil and of malt; and smelting and refining, not from, the ore. On the other hand, there are several industries the rank of which, according to the number of wage earners or value added by manufacture, is considerably higher than the rank according to the value of products. In these industries the Cost of materials forms a smaller proportion of the cost of production. In the brewing and distilling of liquors the relatively high rank of value added by manufacture is due t^^ -inch the Federal internal-revenue tax in t^ ucts. Among the industries whose rank in number of wage earners is relatively much higher than in value of products are the manufacture of furniture and re- frigerators, fancy and paper boxes, and the operations of steam-railroad repair shops. Three of the textile irfdustries — the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods, carpets and rugs, and cotton goods — also rank much higher in the number of wage earners than in value of products. The development of manufactures in the state dur- ing the last five years has not been confined to a few. industries, or groups of industries, but has largely de- pended upon the manufactures as a whole. However, on the basis of value of products, there are a few strik- ing changes in rank in 1914, as compared with 1909 and 1904, as emphasized in the following statement, which presents the 50 leading industries of the state: Clothing, women's Printing and publisliin^ Clothing, men's, including shirts Foundry and machine-shop products Slaughtering and meat packmg Sugar, refinmg Bread and other balsery products .-. Tobacco manufactures Liquors, malt Hosiery and knit goods Flour-mill and pistmill products Electrical machinery , apparatus, and supplies Millinery and lace goods Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Lumber and timber products Paper and wood pulp Gas, illuminating and heating Furniture and refrigerators Smelting and refining, copper Fumishmg goods, men's Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Chemicals Automobiles, including bodies and parts Patent medicines and compoundsand druggists' preparations. . . Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Photographic apparatus and materials Confectionery Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Iron and steel, steel works and rollmg mills Paint and varnish Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad Fur goods.. Silk goods, including throwsters. Soap. Carpets and rugs, other than rag Canning and preserving Brass, bronze, and copper products Jewelry Leather goods Boxes, fancy and paper Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats.' Iron and steel, blast furnaces Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Locomotives, not made by railroad companies-. Oil, linseed Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes Dyeing and finishing textiles BANK BY VALUE OF FRODUCrS. 1911 1909 1904 2 3 1 4 6 S 10 7 8 12 11 15 18 17 9 13 16 20 (') 14 21 19 27 79 22 28 51 33 26 45 29 25 23 34 24. 30 40 32 36 48 44 35 43 31 55 39 50 50 85 77 HI 1 Figures not available. Only two industries listed in the table, foimdries and machine shops and flour mills and gristmills, held the same rank a.t each of the last three censuses. Of the 25 leading industries, there are 9 which had the same rank in 1914 as in 1909 and 7 which held the same rank in 1904 and in 1909. From 1909 to 1914 ariation in the relative rank of the 50 tries was in the manufacture of photo- 968 MANUFACTURES. graphic apparatus and materials, which advanced from forty-fourth place in 1909 to twenty-seventh in 1914, or seventeen places during the five-year period; while the manufacture of food preparations and the roast- ing and grinding of coffee each shows an advance of sixteen places. The most pronounced decline in rank from 1909 to 1914 is shown for blast furnaces, fur goods, and arti- ficial flowers and feathers and plumes. The diversity of manufactures in the state is demon- strated by the fact that in no one industry does the total value of product represent one-tenth of that for all manufactures in the state combined. There are only 3 industries in which the proportion is more than 5 per cent; 8 in which the proportion ranges from 2 to 5 per cent; 13 from 1 to 2 per cent; and 2l from one- half of 1 per cent to 1 per cent. The manufactures of New York represent a greater diversity of industry than those of any other state. Of the 344 classifi- cations used in presenting the manufacturing statistics for the country, 317 were represented in New York. Some of the most important of the industries listed in Table 2, together with certain groups of industries formed by combining two or more, are given special consideration, as follows: Clothing. — ^The manufacture of men's and women's clothing gave employment in 1914 to an average of 189,763 wage earners, and the total production was valued at $583,942,333, or 17.9 per cent and 15.3 per cent of the respective totals for all industries in the state. In 1909 the industry employed 189,467 wage earners and the value of products was $538,593,219, or 18.9 per cent and 16 per cent, respectively, of all industries in the state. The increase from 1909 to 1914 in the value of clothing manufactured in New York was 8.4 per cent; from 1904 to 1909, 49.2 per cent; and from 1899 to 1904, 41.1 per cent. At the census of 1889, when the ficrst attempt was made to segregate the statistics for estabUshments manufactur- ing clothing under the factory system from those doing custom tailoring and dressmaking, there were 3,843 clothing factories, which employed 96,822 wage earners and whose products were valued at $159,452,309. The value of the clothing made in New York has not only increased during the last 25 years, but at each succeed- ing census it has formed a greater proportion of the aggregate value of products for the clothing industries in the United States, advancing from 45.2 per cent in 1899 to 56.8 per cent in 1914. The women's clothing branch of the industry shows the greatest and most consistent progress during the last 25 years. In 1899 men's clothing was the leading industry, but it was outranked in 1909 by women's clothing, which in 1914 continued to be the ranking industry of the state. Men's clothing shows a dechne of 10.3 per cent in value during the same period. The decrease in manufacture of men's clothing and the increase in that of women's clothing are due in part to the fact that in 1909 the proper segregation of men's, women's, and children's clothing was not always possible, because certain estabhshments did not classify their products as called for on the census schedules. The figiures for men's clothing are there- fore probably an miderstatement of the value of the 1909 production. The large increase in the manufac- ture of children's clothing and a difference in the classi- fication of such estabhshments at the two censuses further account for the development in one branch of the industry and the apparent decline in the other. The total value of women's clothing was $173,- 548,385 in 1904; $272,517,792 in 1909; and $345,- 315,642 in 1914. The proportion which the value of women's clothing formed of all clothing increased from 48.1 per cent in 1904 to 50.6 per cent in 1909 and to 59.1 per cent in 1914. Of the 3,835 establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of women's clothing, 851 were contract shops and 2,984 regular factories. The total valulfe of products, $336,244,587, reported by the regular fac- tories is distributed as follows: Suits, skirts, and coats, $166,128,285; shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses, $114,629,755; undergarments and petticoats, $34,474,454; wrappers and house dresses, $10,308,039; and all other, $10,704,^4. Of the 64,927 wage earners employed in the manu- facture of men's clothing, 36,543 were engaged in regular factories and 28,384 in contract shops. Theout- put of the regular factories was valued at $178,296,089, and was distributed as follows: Men's and youths' clothing, $148,494,151; boys' clothing, $29,047,068; and all other, $754,870. There were 270 establish- ments in 1914 primarily engaged in the manufacture of men's shirts, and the value of all products was $41,257,891. Printing and publishing. — This industry includes the printing and publishing of books, newspapers, and periodicals, music. Job printing, bookbinding and blank-book making, steel engraving, and litho^aph- ing. New York led all states in the industry as a whole and in each of its branches, with a combined output valued at $257,268,671 in 1914, represent- ing 28.5 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in the United States. Printing and publishing is the second industry. in the state in value of products and fourth in the number of wage earners, but first in the value added by manu- factm-e. Of the 4,806 establishments reported for the combined industry in 1914, 383 were primarily engaged in bookbinding and blank-book making, 118 in steel and copper plate printing, 146 in lithographing, 2,369 in book and job printing, 73 in publishing music, and 1,717 in publishing newspapers and periodicals. Of Digitized by IVIicrosoft® . NEW YORK. 969 the total number of wage earners reported for the industry, 25,800 were reported by joi)-prmting estab- lishments, and 20,089 by plants engaged in publishing newspapers and periodicals. The total value of book and job printing was $78,841,261 and of the printing of newspapers and periodicals, $137,753,860. Textiles. — The textile industries comprise the manu- facture of hosiery and knit goods; silk and §ilk goods; carpets and rugs, other thajxrag; woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats ; cotton goods, including cot- ton small wares; cordage and twine and jute and linen, goods; and fur-felt hats. Considered as a unit, the seven allied industries gave employment in 1914 to an average of 91,041 wage earners, and the total output was valued at $194,730,543. These figures represent a decrease since 1909 of 798, or nine-tenths of 1 per cent, in number of wage earners, but an increase of 18,950,528, or 4.8 per cent, in value of products. In 1914 the textile industries employed 8.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners engaged in the manufac- turing industries of the state, and contributed 5.1 per cent of the total value of products. The corresponding proportions for 1909 were 9.1 per cent and 5.5 per cent, respectively. New York was the third state in value of products of all textiles combined, and of silk and silk goods, and fw-felt hats; first in the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods and of carpets and rugs, other than rag; and second in cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. It ranked fifth in the production of woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats; and eleventh in cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Foundry and machine-shop products. — All foundries and machine shops except those manufacturing a dis- tinctive product covered by a specific designation, such as agricultural implements, cash registers and calculating machines, sewing machines and attach- ments, and electrical machinery, are included in this classification. Under this head there are assembled for 1914 the following classes of establishments: 962 automobile repair shops, 2 bell foundries, 48 engine works, 28 boiler shops, 110 foundries, 1,363 machiae shops, 11 shops primarily engaged in the manufacture of gas machines, 88 in general hardware, 3 in saddlery hardware, 3 ia cast-iron pipe, 49 in plumbers' sup- plies, 18 in pumps, 46 in steam fittings, and 362 in structural ironwork. The value of all products for the combined industry in 1914 was $173,429,715, 51.2 per cent of which was the output of general machine shops. The total value of products increased $26,4^55,449 from 1904 to 1909, and $19,059,369 from 1909 to 1914. New York ranked second among the states in this industry at each of the last three censuses. Food and Tcindred products. -r-Theve are 16 industries which make up this group in New York. Named in the order of theii' relative importance these industries are slaughtering and meat packing; sugar refining; the manufacture of bread and other bakery products; flour-miU and gristmill products; bitter, cheese, and condensed mUk; confectionery; food preparations; the roasting and grinding of coffee and spice; canning and preserving; the production of chocolate and cocoa; cordials and flavoring sirups; flavoring extracts; vine- gar and cider; glucose and starch; poultry, killing and dressing; and butter reworking. In 1914 there were 8,943 estabhshments in this group, employing 73,796 wage earners, and manufacturing products valued at $650,937,223, with $144,573,613 added to the cost of materials by the processes of manufacture. This group of industries is of less importance when measiu-ed by value added by manufacture or by aver- age number of wage earners than when measured by value of products, owing to the comparatively simple processes involved in the flour-mill, the butter, cheese, and condensed-milk, and the slaughtering and meat- packing industries. Each of the industries included in this group shows an increase in value of products, the largest percentage of gain being 85.7 per cent in food preparations and the smallest, 1.9 per cent, in butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Food and kindred products, considered as a unit, may be subdivided into the following groups: (1) Food products of animal origin, embracing 1,499 estabhsh- ments, with products valued at $192,885,129; (2) food products of vegetable origin, of which there were 7,444 estabhshments, with products valued at $458, 052,094. Of the animal products, slaughtering and meat pack- ing is the most important, and includes 153 sausage factories, 114 estabhshments engaged in wholesale slaughtering and meat packing, and 70 wholesale slaughterhouses not doing meat packing. The value of the products of these several industries in 1914 was $3,869,497, $71,431,443, and $72,804,719, respectively. New York ranked third in 1914 among the states in slaughtering and meat packing, and the value of its products formed 8.8 per cent of the total for the industry in the United States. Measured by value, refined sugar is the most impor- tant among the vegetable products. Measured by number of estabhshments, by number of wage earners, and by value added by manufacture the bakeries out- ranked the other industries of the group, but in value of products they held second place. Of the 4,249 bakeries in the state in 1914, 23 were primarily engaged in the manufacture of biscuits and crackers. These 23 estabhshments reported nearly half of the capital for the entire industry and their products constituted about one-fourth of' the total. Since 1899 New York has been second only to Minnesota in flour-miU and gristmill products. In many states small establishments predominate in this Digitized by Microsoft® 970 MANUFACTURES. industry, but in New York the average output per establishment of the 891 mills operating in 1914 was $86,878. ( Of the 1,144 butter, cheese, and condensed-milk factoribs, 279 were primarily engaged in the manufac- ture of butter, 821 in the manufacture of cheese, and 44 in the manufacture of condensed milk. The value of the output of these three branches of the industry represented 28.7 per cent, 35 per cent, and 36.3 per cent, respectively, of the total for the entire industry. Tobacco mxinufactures. — New York ranks first in tobacco manxifactures with products valued ^ $88,079,588 in 1914, or 18 per cent of the aggregate value of tobacco manufacttu-es in the United States. This designation covers the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes, chewing and smoking tobacco, and snuflF, but is largely confined to the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes, all but 73 establishments reported in 1914 being engaged in this branch. There were 2,654 estabhshments primarily engaged in the manufacture of cigars, 124 in the manufacture of cigarettes, and 20 in the manufacture of both cigars and cigarettes. The production of cigar factories was valued at $44,183,961, or 60.2 per cent of the total value of products for the combined industry in the state. The figures for value of products include $14,281,094 paid to the Federal Government as inter- nal-revenue tax in 1914. Liquors. — The manufactiu-e of malt, distilled, and vinous liquors forms a very important group of indus- tries in New York. The value of the combined pro- duction in 1914 was $102,860,842, including $24,051,080 paid as internal-revenue tax. Compara- ble figures for 1909 are not available, because those for distilled Hquors can not be presented separately without disclosing the operations of individual estab- lishments. The manufacture of malt liquors is the most important of the three industries. The total output of this branch in 1914 was valued at $85,673,426, an increase over 1909 of $7,953,381, or 10.2 per cent, which was a little less than half the gain for the preceding five-year period. The amoimt re- ported as Value of products is to some extent mislead- ing as an indication of the relative importance of the industry from a manufacturing standpoint, since it includes an internal-revenue tax of $14,656,441. The actual increase in the value of malt hquors during the five-year period was only $5,963,307 when the difi'er- ence in the internal-revenue tax in 1914 and in 1909 is taken into consideration. The value of distilled Mquor in 1914 was $15,492,582, including the internal-revenue tax of $9,365,985, and that of vinous liquors, made in 1914, $1,694,834, a de- crease in the latter of $121,786, or 6.7 per cent, as com- pared with 1909. At the census of 1914, New York ranked first among the states in the manufacture of Ett^l^Hfll=U?l^>^fi|tk in i that of distilled hquors, and third mWmMi^^bMy 'I Iron and steel — Steel worTcs and rolling mills, and Uast furnaces. — Combined, these two allied industries gave employment in 1914 to an average of 12,620 wage earners, and the value of their products amounted to $50,563,395. These figures represent an increase over 1909 of but 231, or 1.9 per cent, in number of wage earners, and a decrease of $15,589,967, or 23.6 per cent, in value erf products. This decrease is in keeping with the general depression, in the iron and steel industry in 1914. The classification "steel works and rolling mUls" includes establishments engaged in the manufacture of steel or the hot rolhng of iron and steel. It also in- cludes the making of forgings and castings and the manufacture of rolled iron and steel into more highly finished forms when conducted as a part of the rolling- mill operations, as well as the few extant forges and bloomeries. It does not, however, include the making of cold-rolled products, nor of forgings, castings, and manufactures of iron and steel by estabhshments not equipped with steel-making furnaces or for hot rolling. The output of the steel works and rolling mills for the state in 1914 was $32,077,757, or 18.9 per cent less than for 1909. The blast-furnace branch includes establishments engaged in the manufacture of pig iron. In 1914 the products of the blast furnaces were valued at $18,485,638, a decrease of 30.6 per cent from the value of products in 1909. Notwithstanding this decrease. New York ranked fifth in the value of iron and steel manufactured in 1914 in each of the two branches. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. — ^This industry continues to show exceptional development. The total value of products as reported in 1914 was half again as large as that reported in 1909, an actual increase of $24,654,893. New York ranks first among the states in the manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes, its production constituting 22.1 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, as compared with 22.3 per cent in 1909, and 25.1 per cent in 1904. Millinery and lace goods. — This industry includes the manufacture of muslin and lace curtains; dress, cloak, and millinery trimmings; embroideries and crocheted goods; hat and bonnet -frames; ladies' belts; hats, trimmed and im trimmed; laces; pleating and puffing; ruching and ruffing; and veUings. Of the 1,308 establishments reported for the entire in- dustry in 1914, 429 were primarily engaged in the manufacture of embroideries, 380 in the manufacture of trimmed hats and hat frames, 178 in the manufac- ture of dress and cloak trimmings, braids, and fringes, and 113 in the manufacture of women's neckwear. In 1914 the total value of products of the combined in- dustry was $72,328,556, a gain of 38.8 per cent over 1909. The total value of products reported for 1914 bnifid -|1^007,114, reported as the value of em- inCTiBS,^ ^7,912,513, of trimmed hats and hat NEW YORK. 971 frames; $6,285,539, of dress and cloak trimmings, braids, and fringes; and $11,921,350, of women's neckwear. New York ranks first among the states in this industry, its products forming 63.4 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, 60.7 per cent in 1909, and 64.7 per cent in 1904. Boots and shoes, including cut stoclc and findings. — Of the 309 estabhshments in the state included in this dassification in 1914, 17 were engaged primarily in the manufacture of boot and shoe cut stock, 57 in the manufacture of boot and shoe findings, and 235 in the-manufacture of boots and shoes. The correspond- ing figures for 1909 were 21, 56, and 219, respectively. New York' held second place among the states in 1914, with products valued at $71,412,755. The pro- portion of the total value of the boot and shoe and allied industries contributed by New York was 12.1 per cent in 1914, 9.4 per cent in 1909, and 10.5 per cent in 1904. The industry ranked seventeenth in the state in 1909 but was fourteenth in 1914. The 167,288,809 reported as the value of all products of establishments engaged chiefly in the manufacture of boots and shoes, includes $693,354, the product of establishments manufacturing overgaiters, moccasins, leggings, etc. I/amber and timber products. — ^This classification includes logging operations, sawmills, planing mills, and establishments engaged in the manufacture of wooden-packing boxes, and window and door screens, etc. It does not include mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for local consumption. The in- dustry in 1914 was represented by 607 independent planing mills, 967 sawmills and logging ^plants, 187 packing-box factories, and 13 mills engaged in the m'anufacture of window and door screens, etc.; these reported 61 per cent, 21.3 per cent, 16.1 per cent, and 1.6 per cent, respectively, of the value of products for the combined industry. The percentages in 1909 were 65.9 for planing miUs including window and door screens, 20.7 for sawmills and logging plants, and 13.4 for packing-box factories. The industry as a whole dropped from tenth place among the industries of the state in 1909 to fifteenth in 1914. Measured by value of products. New York ranked second among the states in 1914 and in 1909. Paper and wood pulp. — The 150 establishments reported imder this classification in 1914 comprise 76 mills which manufactured paper exclusively, 18, pidp exclusively, and 56, both paper and pulp. The miUs "engaged exclusively in the production of paper largely predominated in 1914 as in 1909, but 72.1 per cent of the total output for. the combined industry was pro- duced -by the establishments engaged in the manu- facture of both paper and pulp. The growth of the industry was most marked" during the period from 1899 to 1909, the increase in the value of products for the decade being 82.9 per cent. ^^0ftf^^^i3V period 1909-1914, the increase in value of products was 15.3 per cent, as compared with 29.4 per cent for the period 1904-1909. New York led all states in this industry at the last four censuses, the value of the output of the state forming 17 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, 18.3 per cent in 1909, 20 per cent in 1904, and 21 per cent in 1899. Gas, illuminating and Tieating. — This industry in- cludes estabhshments manufacturing gas for illumi- nating and heating purposed from coal, coke, oil, ben- zine, gasoline, or calcium carbide. Lighting from gas was fn-st introduced in New York City ia 1823. The introduction of the Lowe process for the manufacture of water gas in 1873 led to a great expansion in the industry. The total value of gas manufactured for sale in New York increased from $8,512,706 in 1869 to $42,346,726 in 1909, a fourfold increase in the 40 years. The out- put in 1914 was valued at $52,815,589, an increase for the five-year period 1909-1914 of 24.7 per cent. The production in 1914 aggregated 54,776,737,000 cubic feet, of which 63.2 per cent was carbureted water gas, 33.4 per cent mixed coal and water gas, and 3.3 per cent coal gas. New York ranks first among the states in the manu- facture of illuminating and heating gas, reporting 24 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in 1914, 25.4 per cent in 1909, 28.2 per cent in 1904, and 27.6 per cent in 1899. Furniture and refrigerators. — This classification em- braces the manufacture of wood and metal furniture of all kinds, refrigerators and ice boxes, and store and office fixtures with the exception of show cases, which are provided for by a distinct classification. Of the 758 establishments, 729 were primarily engaged ih the manufacture of furniture. The principal product of 471 of these furniture factories was wood furniture; of 26, rattan and willow furniture; of 49, metal furni- ture; and of 183, store and office fixtures. The total value of all furniture manufactured during 1914 was $48,139,472, 59.8 per cent of which represented wood furniture. For several decades New York has led all the other states in the manufacture of furniture and refriger- ators. The value of the total production increased from $41,928,774 in 1909 to $49,849,300 in 1914, which figures represent 17.5 per cent and 17.8 per cent of the respective totals for the United States. Furnishing goods, men's. — The 346 estabhshments reported for this industry in 1914 include 235 engaged f)rimarily in the manufacture of a general line of men's furnishings, such as neckwear, belts, and handker- chiefs; 87 which manufactured suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods as their leading products; and 24 which made collars and cuffs. Of the total value of products reported for the entire industry in 1914, /l/^'tM)l^(3?^Presented the value of collars and cuffs, I constituting 95.6 per cent of the total value of coUars 972 MANUFACTURES. and cuffs manufactured in the United States. The value of the general furnishing goods, $23,205,074, in 1914, represented 44.2 per cent of the total value of such products manufactured in all states. New York, therefore, not only outranked all other states in the industry as a unit, but also in two of the three branches. Coffer, tin, and sheet Avon products. — This industry includes the manufacture of sheet-metal products of copper, tin, and sheet iron, including the preparation of such material for building construction. The 791 establishments reported in 1914 included 61 in which stamped and enameled ware were manufactured and 62 in which tinware was produced. The value of the tinware was $14,362,697 and of the stamped and enameled ware, $15,496,087. These amounts repre- sented 32 per cent and 34.6 per cent, respectively, of the total value of products for the industry. The cor- responding percentages for 1909 were 34.2 per cent and 27 per cent, respectively. In the manufacture of copper, tin, and sheet-iron products New York out- ranked aU other states of the Union at the last four censuses, producing 18.5 per cent of the total output in 1914, 19.2 per cent in 1909, and 22.8 per cent in 1904. Ohemicals. — This classification includes the manu- facture of acids (except sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids, for which there is a separate classification), sodas, potashes, alums, coal-tar products, cyanides, bleaching materials, plastics, compressed or hquefied gases, alkaloids, gold, silver, and platinum salts, chlo- rofc^rm, ether, glycerin, Epsom salts, copperas, blue vitriol, and other bases and salts, when they are made as a chief product by the establishment reporting. It does not, however, include the manufacture of chem- icals as by-products in establishments classified in the census reports imder- a differenthead. In the produc- tion of chemicals New York held first place among the states at each of the last four censuses, the value of its output constituting 27.1 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, 30 per cent in 1909, and 30.6 per cent in 1904. The production of chemicals by the use of electricity has had a marked effect on the development of the industry in New York in recent years. The increase from 1904 to 1909 in the value of the chemicals pro- duced by the aid of electricity was $8,617,238, as com- pared with an increase of $9,679,675 from 1909 to 1914. Automohiles, including hodies and farts. — ^The manu- facture of automobiles in New York began only a few years before 1899, but during the ensuing fifteen years the number of estabhshments increased from 15 to 247, and the value of products from $456,000 to $42,115,276. The value of the output in 1904 was eightfold that of 1899, and in 1909 it was six times the amoimt reported in 1904. The increase from 1909 to 1914 was only 35.9 per cent, but the actual gain during the five-year period was far greater than during either of the two preceding <^f(gfff^^^^^)^ Although New York has made rapid strides in the industry, the development has not been as great as in other states. In 1899 New York contributed 9.6 per cent of the total value of products for this industry in the country as a whole; in 1904 the proportion had increased to 14.2 per cent; in 1909 it had dropped to 12.4 per cent, and in 1914 it further decreased to 6.7 per cent. This classification also includes the manufacture of automobile bodies and accessories, but this branch of the industry is so interwoven with other industries, such as foundries and machine shops, the manufactme of rubber goods, electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes, and brass and bronze products, that it is impossible to determine to what extent the statistics presented under this head cover the actual production of parts and accessori es . Those reported were valued at $17,439,581 and were produced by 215 estabhshments. Patent medicines and com founds and druggists' f re f ae- rations. — Under this heading are included the manufac- ture of patent medicines and some compounds not used for medicinal purposes, the manufacture of capsules, extracts, tinctures, and other pharmaceuticab, and perfumery and cosmetics. Of the 806 estabhshments reported in 1914, 566 were engaged primarily in the manufacture of patent medicines and compounds, the value of which represented 61.4 per cent of the total for the industry. There were also 159 establishments engaged in the manufacture of perfumery and cosmet- ics, which produced 43.1 per cent of the total of Sach. products for the entire United States in 1914. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^Estabhsh- ments engaged primarily in the mamifacture of leather ,- as well as those which treated hides and skins for others, are included in this classification. The cost of materials and the value of products, however, do not include the value of the hides or skins treated for others imder contract. In 1914 New York ranked fourth among the states in the industry, the value of products amounting to $36,018,342, an increase over 1909 of $8,375,959, or 30.3 per cent. Photografhic apparatus and nmterials. — ^This in- dustry includes the manufacture of cameras, lenses, headrests, and photographic apparatus and parts, and also the production of films (not exposed), plates, developers, sensitive paper, etc. Of the 59 estabhsh- ments reported in 1914, 24 were engaged in the pro- duction of materials, and their output represented 91.3 per cent of the total for the combined industry. The development of this industry was very rapid during the, last 15 years, the total value of products having increased from $4,186,876 m 1899 to $35,174,339 m 1914, a gain for the 15 years of $30,987,463, or over sevenfold. In 1914 New York ranked first in the production of photographic appara- tus and materials, contributing 90.1 per cent of the total value of such articles produced in the entire Mkmsoft® NEW YORK. 973 Musical instruments, piamos and organs and materi- als. ~0l the 160 establishments included in this classi- fication in 1914, 103 were primarily engaged in the manufactm-e of pianos; 16 in the manufacture of organs; and 41 in the manufacture of piano and organ materials. The output of the piano establishments represented 73.8 per cent of the $33,071,781 reported as the total value of products for the industry as a whole. At each of the last four censuses, New York outranked aU other states in the mantifacture pianos and organs and materials, contributing 37^1^ per cent of the total value of the output for the Unitei States in 1914; 37.5 per cent in 1909; and 35.4 per cent in 1904. The value of products for the combined industry in the statp shows an increase of 58.6 per cent fa-om 1899 to 1904 and 44 per cent from 1904 to 1909. From 1909 to 1914, however, there was a decrease of 1.8 per cent due mainly to the popularity of graphophones, victrolas, etc. Paint and varnish. — Of the 150 establishments in- cluded in this classification in 1914, 105 were engaged primarily in the manufacture of paint, with products valued at $22,425,958, representing 70.3 per cerit of the total for the industry as a whole. The value of all products of the joint industries was $28,559,474 in 1909 and $31,884,421 in 1914, an increase of 11.6 per cent for the five-year period. In value oi products. New York led at each of the last four censuses, re- porting 21.9 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, as compared with 22.9 per cent in 1909 and 27.7 per cent in 1904. Manufactures from, precious metals. — ^The manufac- ture of jewelry is closely allied to the production of silverware and plated ware, and the reduction and refining of gold and silver from clippings, sweepings, and scrap. In 1914 the three industri^ combined employed an ayerage of 8,079 wage earners and man- ufactured products valued at $31,445,638. These figures represent a decrease since 1909 of 4.8 per cent in wage earners but an increase of 2 per cent in value of products. Oars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam^railroad companies. — This industry represents the work done in the car shops operated by steam- railroad companies, and is confined almost exclusively to repairs to the rolling stock and equipment. The aver age. mmiber of wage earners was 20,234 in 1914, and the value of work done amounted to $30,892,742, an increase in wage earners of 23 per cent and in value of work performed of 42.2 per cent during the last five-year period. Fur goods. — ^The establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of garments in which fur is the chief material, such as coats, cloaks, capes, muffs, scarfs, robes, gloves and mittens, and trimmings, are included in this classification. It does not include establishments engaged mainly in the dressii The value of products increased from $1 ""U^M:. ^^. in 1904 to $41,301,451 in 1909, but decreased to $30;312,136 in 1914. New York outranked aU other states at each of the last four censuses in the manu- facture of fur goods, the value of its output consti- tuting 69.5 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914; 73.8 per cent in 1909; and 70.7 per cent in 1904. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 presents, for 1914 and 1909, the number of ersons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed aEo by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 All classes Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried offlcersot corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years ot age and over Under 16 years ot age Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTAO- TCiEINO INDUSTRIES. Total. 1,289,1 1,203,241 86,056 78,874 48,636 47,1 16,565 12,916 20,855 18,389 145, 185 120,386 1,057,857 1,003,981 1,049,435 996, 162 8,422 7.819; Male. Fe- male. 927,648 361,450 869,434|333,807 4,061 3,485 81,995 75,389 46, 333 45,429 15,786 12,481 19,876 17,479 100,660 87,404 744,993 706,641 2 2! 140 779 435 979 910 44,525 312,864 297,340 740,881308,554 702,637,293,525 4,112 4,310 4,004L 3,815 Per cent of total. Male. 72.0 72.3 95.3 95.6 95.3 95.5 95, 96.6 95.3 95.1 70.4 70.4 70, 70.5 48.8 51.2 Fe- male. •28.0 27.7 4.7 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.7 3.4 4.7 4.9 30.7 27.4 29.6 29.6 29.4 29.5 61.2 48.8 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 1,289,098, of whom more than four- fifths were wage earners. Of the remainder, 86,056 were proprietors and officials, and 145,185 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Among adult wage earners, 740,881, or 70.6 per cent, were males, and 308,554, or 29.4 per cent, were females; but among wage earners under 16 years of age females exceeded males, the per cent distribution by sex being 51.2 and 48.8, respectively. Figures for sex and age of wage earners in individual ind-ustries wiU be found in Table 78. The proportion of males and females in each of the different classes of persons engaged in manufactures was practically the same at each of the two censuses, with the exception of clerks, in which class the pro- portion of females increased from 27.4 per cent in 1909 to 30.7 per cent in 1914. The actual increase in female clerks during the five-year period was 11,543. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase frDn/Lf 999'H&/4W^ and the per cent distribution at tKe two censuses. 974 MANUFACTURES. Each of the several classes of employees mcreased from 1909 to 1914, the laigest relative increase for both sexes combined (28.3 per cent) being for salaried ofl&cers of corporations, and the next largest (20.6 per cent) for clerks and other subordinate salaried em- ployees. The rate of increase for females was greater than that for males in all but two of the classes shown in the table. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 81.4 per cent of the total number of per- sons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 82.8 per cent in 1909. This de- crease in proportion was offset by the increase in the proportion of clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Table 4 CLASS* All classes Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers oJ corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS EKGAQED IN MANtTPACTUBING rNDUSTEIEa. Per cent of increase, 1909-1914. Total. 7.1 9.1 2.2 28.3 13.4 20.6 5.4 5.3 7.7 Male. 6.7 8.8 2.0 26.5 13.7 15.2 5.4 5.4 2.7 Female. 8.3 16.5 7.6 79.1 7.6 35.0 5.2 5.1 13.0 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 6.7 3.8 1.3 1.6 11.3 82.1 81.4 0.7 100.0 4.0 1.1 1.5 10.0 83.4 82.8 0.6 Male. 1914 1909 8.8 5.0 1.7 2.1 80.3 79.9 0.4 8.7 5.2 1.4 2.0 10.1 81.3 80.8 0.5 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.3 12.3 86.6 85.4 1.2 100.0 To 06 O.I 03 89.1 87.9 1.1 In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures - in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classi- fication employed at the earher census. (See "Ex- planation of terms.") Table 5 makes this compari- son according to occupational status. Table 5 PEK30N3 ENGAGED IN MANTTFACTUBING IKDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 1,289,098 1,203,241 996,725 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.1 Proprietors and firm 48,636 182,605 1,057,857 47,569 151,691 1,003,981 41,766 98,012 856,947 3.8 14.2 82.1 4.0 12.6 83.4 4.2 9.8 86.0 2.2 20.4 6.4 1.S.9 54.8 17.2 Salaried employees Wage earners (average) . . Of the three classes of persons given in the preced- ing table salaried employees show the largest per- centage of increase dm-ing each of the five-year periods. This class formed an increasing proportion of the total number of persons engaged in manufac- tures at each successive census. Proprietors and firm members and wage earners increased but slightly from 1909 to 1914 as compared with the preceding five years, and each of these two classes represented a decreasing proportion of the total from census to census. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for l914l3ii0ilM@Cl bV Table 6 "WAGE EARNERS. Percent of total. Cen- sus year. Average number.' INDUSTBT. 16 years of age and over. Un- aerlA Male. Fe- male. years stage. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1,067,857 1,003,981 866,947 70.0 70 70.5 29.2 29.2 28.6 08 08 0.9 6, .392 6,717 98.7 98.7 1.3 1.1 01 02 Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes . . 1914 1909 7,715 8,493 14 5 13.6 82.5 84.2 3.1 2.3 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. . 1914 1909 12,122 9,861 98.9 98.7 9 1.2 0.1 0.1 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 27,561' 21,627 66.0 63.6 32.3 34.3 1.7 2.0 Boxes, fancy and paper 1914 1909 14,192 11,538 42.2 34.2 55.2 62.9 2 6 2.9 Brass, bronze, and copper products 1914 1909 6,627 6,651 93.1 94.4 6.7 5.3 02 03 Bread and other bakery products. . . 1914 1909 27,002 21,357 80.0 86.2 19.5 13.3 5 0.S Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. 1914 1909 7,494 10,447 92.6 96.7 6.7 3.7 07 06 Buttons 1914 1909 5,223 6,126 65.3 53.5 43.3 43.7 2.8 Canning and preserving 1914 1909 8,757 7,076 46.2 43.8 54.3 • 55.1 5 1.0 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1914 1909 12,540 11,898 54.3 55.0 46.1 44.3 0.7 0.6 Carriages and wagons and materials 1914 1909 3,911 6,116 98.4 98.3 1.5 1.7 01 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by electric-railroad companies. 1914 1909 4,921 4,480 99.5 99.5 0.4 0.6 0.1 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 20,234 16,464 100.0 99.9 0.1 1914 1909 7,780 6,746 97.7 96.9 2.2 2.9 0.2 1914 1909 81,370 91,363 7 0.4 68. 5 1 41. 1 M^W^^I^-"^"**^"^"*^™'™"^"^^ age periods, of the average ^H^ries, see "Explanation of terms.' NEW- YORK. 975 TaMe 6— Continned, Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares . Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. . Dyeing and finishing textiles. : Electrical macbinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods w Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixture^ and lamps and reflectors. Oas, illuminating and heating Gloves and mittens, leather Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt , Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel work and rolling mills. Jewelry Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 M)Og 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 .1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average number. 108,393 98,104 10,768 8,570 16,040 14,689 5,505 5,952 9,127 10,663 4,857 4,478 5,514 5,252 23,738 18,972 3,576 3,430 4,031 3,023 66,690 64,066 5,904 8,244 17,495 18, 186 22,153 20,281 4,501 6,017 10,090 6,422 6,026 6,287 4,187 3,348 3,563 5,013 40,095 35,950 10,788 10,091 5,051 5,379 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 40.7 42.3 40.0 88.2 87.5 48.7 46.4 56.3 55.3 87.6 87.1 87.1 86.0 51.0 63.5 67.6 61.5 98.2 98.0 71.5 67.3 27.5 22.4 96.7 96.9 91.9 93.2 47.1 49.2 81.4 78.4 70.4 66.4 34.2 34.6 99.1 99.0 87.9 84.8 Un- der 16 Fe- male. ofage. 58.9 57.3 59.8 58.0 11.1 11.9 50.9 52.8 41.9 42.0 11.5 10.5 29.6 29.5 12.6 13.8 46.3 34.4 31.9 37.3 1.6 1.8 28.2 32.5 71.9 77.2 2.9 2.6 7.6 6.5 0.1 0.2 52.3 49.1 18.5 21.4 29.4 .32.8 63.8 0.9 0.9 11.1 13.1 0.3 0.5 1.4 2.0- 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.8 1.8 2.8 0.9 2.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 2.7 2.2 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.6 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.8 2.0 1.8 0.1 1.0 2.2 Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Photographic apparatus and materials Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average number. 7,473 7,586 5,360 5,688 8,731 21, 503 27,471 4,798 6,939 26,124 21,078 12,602 11,938 13,570 12,073 4,639 4,303 5,699 4,728 7,426 4,088 64,020 63,120 3,633 2,066 6,076 5,644 11,659 12,903 6,641 6,110 3,168 2,976 30,489 30,019 4,446 4,538 8,552 9,460 159,220 145, 156 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. 78.7 81.2 19.9 17.8 99.1 97.3 0.8 2,3 99. S 99.9 0.2 0.1 99.2 . 99.1 0.6 0.7 99.0 98.9 0.9 1.0 30.6 21.5 67.5 77.1 93.9 94.6 4.8 4.3 96.2 96.6 3.8 3.4 S5.0 45.0 44.5 53.1 48.8 46.1 50.2 53.2 71.7 72.7 27.8 26.5 77.7 76.9 21.1 22.2 70.1 73.8 28.8 25.6 99.9 99.8 0.1 0.1 44.6 35.1 52.4 62.4 97.1 97.2 2.8 2.7 77.3 77.8 22.4 22.1 47.8 48.5 51.3 60.6 86.5 86.9 13.1 13.9 54.8 55.6 43.7 42.4 8L9 82.2 17.3 17.1 Un- der 16 years ofage. 1.5 1.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.1 0.5 1.9 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.6 3.0 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.2 1.5 2.0 0.8 0.7 The relative number of men, women, and children employed as wage earners in the manufactures of the state was the same at the last two censuses and varies but little from the proportions shown for :^904. Of the 58 industries for which separate figures are given in this table^ 33 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of males, 25 an increase in the proportion of females, and 22 an increase in the pro- portion of wage earners under 16 years of age. Males predominated in a majority of the industries shown separately, but in 13 of those listed, the com- bined proportion of women and children employed as wage earners is greater than that of men. These industries combined gave employment to 175,649 females, or to 56.9 per cent of the total number of , Uigmzed such wage earners engaged in all manufactures of the state, and to 3,271 children, or 38.8 per cent of the total. The industries which gave employment to the greatest number of women were clothing, textiles, the manufacture of men's furnishing goods, and to- bacco . These industries combined employed more than one-half of the 308,554 women wage earners reported in 1914. Women's clothing factories employed more female wage earners over 16 years of age than any other industry (63,843), but the largest proportion was in the manufacture of artificial flowers and feathers and plumes, in which industry 82.5 per cent of the 7,715 wage earners were women. In the manu- facture of artificial flowers and feathers and plumes, ^^'/tl/S?B^2^f^^^' ™^^'^®^y ^^^ ^^^® goods, and 976 MANUFACTURES. hosiery and knit goods, over three-fifths of the wage earners were women, and in 9 other industries shown in the table, the proportion was over haK. The largest numbers of the wage earners imder 16 years of age were employed in the manufacture of textiles, clothing, boots and shoes, fancy and paper, boxes, miUinery and lace goods, and in printing and -publishing. The proportion of such wage earners was largest (3.1 per cent) in the manufacture of artificial flowers and feathers and plumes. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of 52 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, accordiag to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Statistics for Lackawanna can not be shown separa'tely without disclosing individual operations. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based upon the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 7 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years ol age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITY. Male. Female. 16 years o£ age and over. Under 16 years ol age. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9,371 10, 774 6,769 2,457 1,806 7,248 54,416 5,781 2,203 2,459 2,989 4,870 3,042 1,692 2,632 5,335 2,285 1,423 815 7,794 2,532 3,076 3,823 2,381 ^1,989 1,346 870 585,279 19,387 140,881 385,902 31,630 7,479 4,318 9,390 3,674 898 2,633 1,337 373 4,331 1,781 822 2,278 4,729 811 44,113 3,937 869 17, 707 17,551 17,421 12,714 3,148 759 316 12,650 9,861 10,284 6,497 2,007 8,976 7,993 6,660 1,603 6,402 6,713 .4,086 2,123 1,144 4,160 45,957 3,271 1,831 2,069 2,564 3,969 2,008 1,218 1,318 3,124 1,511 890 746 6,182 1,676 1,609 2,648 1,866 1,391 1,004 687 384,861 14,707 98,331 239,437 25,810 6,612 2,829 8,205 2,955 524 2,548 1,123 268 3,062 1,396 728 1,507 3,052 609 30,136 3,306 529 16,064 13,891 8,297 7,484 2,616 443 271 8,266 6,962 5,553 4,899 1,710 5,963 4,196 4,946 1,330 2,931 4,920 1,669 327 635 2,983 7,769 2,488 370 390 408 887 986 463 1,209 2,181 580 526 65 1,529 844 1,383 1,266 612 673 336 182 196,144 4,360 41,267 144,111 5,526 840 1,478 1,160 583 367 74 214 101 1,203 382 88 760 1,616 200 13,240 621 325 1,600 3,469 9,031 4,993 629 310 44 4,381 2,832 4,587 1,520 283 2,926 3,583 1,611 259 38 141 14 7 27 105 690 22 2 17 14 49 11 5 30 194 7 4 83 12 84 9 13 25 6 1 4,274 320 1,283 2,364 294 27 11 26 36 7 11 67 144 78 14 87 214 103 14 68.3 53.0 70.8 86.4 63.3 57.4 84.5 56.6 83.1 84.1 85.8 81.6 66.0 72.0 52.1 58.6 66.1 62.5 91.6 79.3 66.2 62.3 66.7 78.0 69.9 74.6 79.0 65.8 75.9 '69.8 62.0 81.6 88.4 65.5 87.4 82.7 58.4 96.8 84.0 71.8 70.7 78.3 88.6 66.2 64.5 75.1 68.3 83.9 60.9 90.7 79.1 47.6 58.9 83.1 58.4 85.8 65.3 70.6 64.0 75.4 85.2 65.4 62.5 74.3 83.0 31.3 45.7 28.9 13.3 35.2 41.2 14.3 43.0 16.8 15.9 13.6 18.2 32.4 27.4 47.7 40.9 25.4 37.0 8.0 19.6 33.3 45.0 33.1 21.6 2S.8 2,1.0 20.9 33.5 22.5 29.3 37.3 17.5 n.2 34.2 12.4 16.3 40.9 2,8 16.0 27.1 27.8 21.4 10.7 33.4 34.2 24.7 30.0 16.8 37.4 9.0 19.8 51.8 39.3 16.8 40.8 13.9 34.6 28.7 44.6 23.4 14.1 32.6 44.8 24.2 16,1 0.4 1.3 0.2 0.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.7. 1.0 Amsterdam 2.7 1.5 0.9 Binghamton 6,823 51,412 8,127 2,074 2,356 2,756 3,647 2,799 1^526 2,774 5,741 2,183 1,302 873 6,789 2,589 3,281 4,211 2,138 1,733 1,207 736 553,923 14,540 123,896 384,858 24, 194 6,436 4,198 6,089 2,824 1,259 2,269 6,636 43,567 6,910 2,356 2,282 3,395 3,208 "ilsso' 2,052 5,048 2,200 1,624 873 6,237 2,426 2,636 2,621 2,323 1,696 670 617 464,716 (') • 104,996 m p) 4,013 4,574 2,026 929 1,176 3,923 43,385 3,852 1,821 2,070 2,547 2,790 1,839 1,193 1,326 3,571 1,694 806 772 5,613 1,719 1,896 2,493 1,740 1,269 985 625 366,255 9,210 87,964 243,631 19,810 6,640 2,688 5,212 2,423 811 2,092 3,276 36,441 3,669 2,135 2,033 3,285 2 2, 284 "i,'377' 2949 2,967 1,452 967 769 3,776 1,365 2 1,574 1,459 1,906 1,307 646 403 314,066 W 78,373 (») m 2 2,469 3,706 1,806 631 1,024 2,859 7,445 4,071 249 285 183 835 932 319 1,445 2,095 482 470 98 1,181 821 1,270 1,693 394 459 218 95 183,922 5,246 34,849 139,005 4,063 759 1,493 853 373 405 135 2,334 6,739 3,046 170 242 80 2 796 ""m 2 1,098 2,004 742 607 102 1,317 1,025 956 1,135 403 289 24 108 147,454 (') 25,665 (=) m h 1,609 842 193 288 106 41 682 204 4 1 26 22 28 14 3 75 7 26 3 96 49 116 25 4 5 4 15 3,746 84 1,082 2,222 321 37 17 24 28 43 32 26 387 196 50 7 30 128 ...... 5 77 6 60 2 144 36 106 27 14 " "e' 3,196 % 36 26 26 10 45 57.5 84.4 47.4 87.8 87.9 92.4 76.5 65.7 58.2 47.8 62.2 77.6 61.9 88.4 81.2 66.4 57.8 59.2 81.4 73.2 81.6 85.0 66.1 63.3 71.0 63.3 81.9 87.6 64.0 85.6 85.8 64.4 92.6 58.1 83.6 53.1 90.7 89.1 96.8 73.1 '87.' 2' 46.2 68.8 66.0 63.4 88.1 72.1 56.3 59.7 55.7 82.0 81.9 96.4 77.9 67.6 '74.' 6" 61.5 81.0 89.2 67.9 87.1 41.9 14.5 60.1 12.0 12.1 6.6 22.9 33.3 20.9 52.1 36.5 22.1 36.1 11.2 17.4 31.7 38.7 40.2 18.4 26.5 18.1 12.9 33.2 36.1 28.1 36.1 16.8 11.8 35.6 14.0 13.2 32.2 6.0 41.4 16.5 44.1 7.2 10.6 2.3 23.2 'i2'6' 63.5 39.7 33.7 33.3 11.7 26.1 42.3 36,3 43.3 17.3 18.1 3.6 20.9 31.7 '24.'4' 37.6 18.4 9.5 31.0 ,9.0 0.6 1.1 2.5 0.2 0.5 0.9 Cohoesi ' 2 8 2 1 Cortland 0.3 Dunlrirk 0.6 0.3 1.6 0.6 0.2 0.6 8.5 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 2.7 0.2 0.5 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.7 1.6 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.3 1.0 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.1 1.3 0.3 2.0 0.3 1.4 1.9 3.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 2.0 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 1.0 3.4 1.4 n.9 Elmira 4.0 Fulton 02 Glens Falls Gloversvllle 0.2 1.5 0.3 3.3 0.2 Jamestown Johnstown Elneston 2.7 1.6 4.0 Littre Falls Ijockport 1.0 0.6 Middletown Mount Vernon New Rochelle New York City 1.. Boroughs: Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan... Queens Richmond.... Newhurgh i Niagara Falls North Tonawanda Ogdenshurg "i.'2 0.7 "6."9 0.9 0.6 1.3 1.1 3.8 Ossining 356 3,817 2,063 1,049 2,122 3,268 763 39,108 3,633 833 14,931 18, 148 20, 102 13, 163 3,291 753 249 12,711 "3," 746' 1,957 750 "3,' 775" "31,779' 3,209 590 14,316 14,554 19,114 10,882 3,020 1,111 "9,' 779' 262 2,649 1,596 713 1,483 2,155 481 26,717 3,113 490 13,159 14, 565 8,642 7,716 2,834 455 246 8,304 "2,' 548' 1,474 - 686 "2,'5i6' 2 20^964' 2,615 413 13,288 211,439 7,730 6,450 2 2, 706 2 669 "6,' 622' 92 1,141 460 336 611 1,088 278 11,977 487 322 1,737 3,373 11,391 5,200 421 272 3 4,364 "i,'647' 478 165 • "i'.ihs 'i6,'3i7' 627 177 984 2,882 11,181 4,163 2 305 426 "3,' 677' 4 66 4 6 11 62 2 737 11 15 43 191 93 237 3 6 1 3 2 27 7 "isi' 5 73.6 69.4 77.4 68.0 69.9 65.9 63.0 68.3 86.7 58.8 88.1 80.3 43.0 58.7 86.1 60.4 98.8 65.3 'es.'o' 75.3 78.0 'ee.'s' '66.6' 78.4 70.0 92.8 78.6 40.4 59.3 89.6 60.2 'ei.'e" 25.8 29.9 22.3 32.0 28.8 33.3 36.4 30.6 13.4 38.7 11.6 18.6 56.7 39.5 12.8 36.1 1.2 34.3 '27.'9' 24.4 22.0 'so.'e" si'.h' 19.5 30.0 6.9 19.8 58.5 38.3 10.1 38.3 . .* 37.6 1.1 1.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 1.3 0.2 1.7 0.3 1.7 0.2 1.1 0.5 1.9 0.1 0.8 0.4 (<) 0.6 0.7 0.3 4.0 PeeksTrilli Plattsburg Port Chester Poughkeepsie > . . . Rensselaer Rochester Rome 0.3 28 25 4 414 33 21 35 210 69 237 36 26 ■'iio' "498' 67 "44' 233 203 269 9 16 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.1 0.9 2.6 0.2 1.2 0.3 1.8 1.1 3.5 "2.'9 "i.'e 2.1 Saratoga Springs.. Schenectady Syracuse "o.'s 1.6 1.1 Utica 2.0 Watertown Watervliet 3 1.4 Yonkers 43 80 0.3 0.8 1 Figures shown do not agree with those published for 1909 because it was necessary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the figures for 1914. 2 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only lor those establishments located witliin the corporate iimits of the city. . . n ^-^ : VeW^i.lVl^^^'oi 1 per cent. DiQitizecl by Microsoft® NEW YORK. 977 FEB CENT OF INCBEASE 1 IN AYEBAQE NITMBEB OF WAGE EABNEB3. Period. 1904-1914 1909-19U 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 19P4-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-W14 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1903-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 Total. 4.4 -5.0 -34.8 4.8 28.7 -13.4 -11.2 -2.4 53.3 22.4 25.2 28.6' 6.2 21.1 24.9 5.8 18.0 -16.3 -28.9 17.6 -6.5 6.2 -11.9 7.8 4.4 3.2 -12.0 8.5 -18.8 51.8 33.5 13.7 8.7 7.1 10.9 -3.4 23.4 -8.7 35.2 5.7 -7.1 13.7 3.9 4.7 -O.S -6.6 9.3 -14.6 -6.6 -6.6 0.0 48.8 14.8 29.6 4.4 -2.2 6.7 16.7 -6.2 24.5 45.9 -9.2 60.7 2.5 11.4 -8.0 24.6 14.8 8.6 100.9 11.5 80.1 68.3 18.4- 42.2 16 years of age and over. Male. Female. 7.4 -8.0 16.8 36.2 2.9 32.3 -17.4 -16.6 -1.0 59.6 24.2 28.6 27.0 6.0 19.7 26.1 5.9 19.1 -10.8 -16.1 5.0 -14.2 0.5 -14.7 * 1.8 (.') 1.8 -21.9 0.7 -22.5 73.8 42.3 22.2 9.2 -11.5 2.1 -13.4 38.9 -0.6 39.7 5.3' -12.5 20.4 4.1 -10.8 16.7 -8.0 10.4 -16.6 -3.0 -3.4 0.4 63.7 12.1 46.0 22.8 -2.5 259 2.2 -15.1 20.5 74.6 2.2 70.9 -2.6 6.7 -8.7 -2.9 55.4 1.9 52.5 70.5 9.9 55.1 0.2 3.5 -3.2 37.3 7.3 28.0 3.6 9.8 -5.6 26.2 15.5 9.3 27.8 4.3 22.5 15.3 4.4 10.5 -18.3 -38.9 33.7 117.6 48.6 46.5 61.2 36.8 17.8 410.0 123.0 128.8 11.4 6.2 4.9 5.7 132.7 45.1 60.3 10.1 -16.3 31.6 4-1 4.5 -21.8 20.3 -35.0 3.7 11.9 -7.3 -36.3 -33.7 -3.9 16.1 29.5 -10.3 -17.7 2.8 -19.9 44.7 8.9 32.8 11.5 -25.2 49.2 27.0 29.9 -2.2 98.3 24.8 58.8 1,300.0 54.1 808.3 68.5 91.6 Under 16 years of age. -56.3 -43.3 -23.0 -34. — 2. —32. -82. -24. -50. -50. 156. 67. 78.3 18.6 50.4 -89.2 4.1 -96.0 -60.0 -92.0 -85.7 -34.6 -13.3 -89.1 -36.4 -82.8 75.0 175.0 -21.4 250.0 00.0 66.7 -40.0 -61.0 -60.0 -2.6 3,133.3 2,671.4 16.7 -86.0 -73.1 -48.0 100.0 33.3 50.0 -42.4 -12.6 -34.0 -66.7 -75.5 36.1 -20.8 -27.0 8.5 -66.7 -64.0 -7.4 -7.1 225.0 -71.4 50.0 New York City. Bronx Borough Brooklyn Borougli . Manhattan Borough . Queens Borough Bichmond Borough.. Newburgh Niagara Falls. North Tonawanda. Ogdensburg Olean Ossining. Oswego.. Peekskill. Plattsburg. Port Chester. . Poughkccpsie. Rensselaer Rochester Rome. Saratoga Springs. Schenectady Syracuse. Troy. Utica. Watertown . "WaterVliet. White Plains. Yonkers -83.3 -93. 3 . „ ti^d by Microsoft® PEE CENT OP INCBEASEI IN AVEKAGE NUMBEB OF WAGE EABNEB3. Period. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 .1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 190^1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 Total. 25.9 5.7 19.2 33.3 34.2 13.7 18.0 0.3 30.7 16.2 7.6 2.9 4.6 105.3 54.2 33.1 76.5 26.6 39.5 -3.3 -28.7 35.5 124.1 16.6 92.3 4.8 15.6 13.5 1.9 -9.0 -13.7 5.4 46 -21.6 7.4 25.3 44.7 -13.4 6.3 12.8 23.1 22.7 8.4 13.2 47.3 4.3 41.2 23.7 18.6 4.3 20.6 -3.3 24.7 -8.9 -13.3 5.2 - 16.8 -3.3 20.9 4.2 -4.3 9.0 -31.7 0.8 -32.2 29.4 -0.5 30.0 16 years of a and over. Male. Female. 22.5 5.1 16.6 59.7 25.5 11.8 12.2 -1.7 30.3 17.2 14.6 6.2 8.9 121.4 57.4 40.6 63.6 22.0 34.2 -17.0 -35.4 28.5 148.8 21.8 104.3 2.3 20.2 15.6 4.0 -6.4 -12.6 8.3 24.4 2.1 21.9 21.6 41.6 -14.1 43.8 12.8 27.4 31.4 6.2 23.8 28.1 8.0 18.6 20.9 22.1 -1.0 21.4 -4.6 27.3 7.3 -4.0 11.8 16.0 -3.0 19.6 -3.3 -7.7 4.7 -33.8 -2.6 -32.0 10.2 37.3 -0.5 37.9 33.0 6.6 24.7 -16.9 18.4 35.8 3.7 36.0 10.7 -2.1 -1.0 -1.1 37.8 36.0 1.3 202.1 56.3 93.3 27.4 -9.4 40.6 -30.2 -45.2 27.4 9.8 14.9 5.4 9.0 -20.1 -17.0 -3.8 -46.7 -73. S 103.6 21.4 39.8 4S.4 ^5.8 -28.1 10.5 16.1 -1.0 27.5 -22.3 83.6 0.9 81.9 62.6 -7.9 76.5 20.4 2.8 17.0 -19.2 -20.7 1.9 19.9 -4.0 24.9 73.4 25.7 38.0 -27.2 14.0 -36.2 1,366.7 19.1 0.4 18.7 Under 16 years of age. 33.7 14.1 17.2 28L0 32L7 18.6 11.9 5.9 -8.4 —27.0 —68.6 —35.3 — 5L4 -3.8 4.2 -7.7 38.5 28.6 7.7 -30.0 —83.7 330.0 -75.6 —65.6 —28.9 100.0 —56.3 144.4 -82.1 — 20.O —42.9 40lO -60.7 -43.6 148.0 —77.3 -50.0 48.0 78.0 -16.9 —83.6 —66.7 -5a7 -2.3 22.9 -20.5 -18.0 -9.0 -9.9 —54.2 34.8 —66.0 -U.9 0.0 -11.9 -66.7 -91.7 300.0 —62.5 -76.9 62.5 -96.2 -93; —46. "J 1 A minus sign (- ooimo iQ CO _ , ') denotes decrease. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent decrease. 978 MANUFACTURES. In a majority of the cities there was a fair increase from 1909 to 1914 in the total number of wage earners, but individual cities show considerable variation in the relative number of men, women, and children em- ployed. Males predominate in every city except Troy, where 51.8 per cent of the wage earners em- ployed in 1914 were females 16 years, of age and over. Glens Falls and Amsterdam show the next largest proportion of adult females, 47.7 and 45.7 per cent, respectively. Of the 9,031 female wage earners re- ported for Troy in 1914, 6,586 were engaged in the manufactiu-e of men's collars and cuffs, and 1,852 in the manufacture of shirts. Of the 4,920 reported for Amsterdam, 2,922 were engaged in the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods, and 1,6.34 in carpet and rug factories. Other cities in which over 40 per cent of the total number of wage earners employed in 1914 were women, are Bangston, Cohoes, Binghamton, Glovers- viUe, Ogdensburg, and Watervhet. Of these cities, three^-Cohoes, Binghamton, and Ogdensburg — show a smaller proportion of female wage earners in 1914 than in 1909, whereas, from 1904 to 1909 in several cities, the proportion of female wage earners de- creased. Practically all of the female wage earners reported for Gloversville were engaged in the manufacture of gloves and mittens, and over half of those reported for Cohoes were in the hosiery and knitting mUls. In Binghamton the largest number of female wage earn- ers — 1,350 — ^were engaged in the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes. The employment of females was more widely distributed among various indus- tries in Buffalo, where the largest number reported for any one industry was 1,010 in the men's clothing fac- tories, out of a total of 7,769 reported for the city in 1914. The largest numbers of adult female wage earners are employed in New York City, where 196,144, or 33.5 per cent of all wage earners in the city, were females. With one exception — Troy, with 9,031 — Kochester and Buffalo, with 13,240 and 7,769 female wage earners, respectively, show a larger actual num- ber of this class than were reported for the nine cities in which female wage earners constituted over 40 per cent of the total number of wage earners employed in manufactures. The largest numbers of wage earners under 16 years of age were reported for New York City, Rochester, and Buffalo; but the greatest proportion was em- ployed in the manuf actm-es of Hornell and Kingston, with 194, or 8.5 per cent, in the former, and 84, or 2.7 per cent, in the latter, in 1914. The greatest relative gains in the last decade in the total number of wage earners employed in any of the cities presented in the preceding tables, were in Olean, Niagara Falls, and Mount Vernon, '^^^"p^/'^) of wage earners more than doubled durmg the 1904 to 1914. During the period 1909-1914 the per- centages of greatest increase were in Niagara Falls, Poughkeepsie, and Elmira, whereas, from 1904 to 1909, Olean, Mount Vernon, and Little Falls showed the greatest increases. In New York City the increase in wage earners dur- ing the decade ending with 1914 was 120,563, or 25.9 per cent. The first half of the decade, however, was the period of greatest gain, the rate of increase beiag 19.2 per cent, as compared with 5.7 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Of the total increase (31,356) during the latter period more than one-half was in Brooklyn Borough, but the Bronx shows the greatest relative gain, 33.3 per cent. Of the total wage earners em- ployed in the manufactures of the city, nearly two- thirds were males 16 years of age and over and about one-third females of the same age period, while less than 1 per cent represented those under 16 years of age. During the decade there was a shght increase in the proportion which females formed of the total and a corresponding decrease in the proportion of males. During the decade 1904-1914 the greatest propor- tional decrease in the total number of wage earners (31.7 per cent) is shown in the manufactures of Water- vhet, where there was a decrease in each class of em- ployees. During the more recent five-year period Cohoes, Ogdensburg, and Peekskill show a decided decrease in the nximber of wage earners of both sexes and age periods. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909, and the average mmiber employed dur- ing each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January rebraary... March April May June. July August September. . October November.. December . . WAGE EARNERS IN M ANtJF ACTURING INCUSTBIES. Number.' 19U 1,055,575 1,078,354 1,094,773 1,084,215 1,067,030 1,053,471 1,033,963 1,037,475 1,087,384 1,072,512 1,034,649 1,014,893 1909 945,356 971,236 991,633 989,498 983,987 980,603 977,203 998,896 1,041,333 1,063,162 1,059,852 1,045,110 1904 817,392 838,719 857,346 861,782 848,514 836,239 828,817 853,093 892,141 905,428 887,637 856,256 Per cent of maxunum. 1914 96.4 98.5 100.0 99.0 97.5 96.2 94.4 94.8 97.5 98.0 94.5 92.7 1909 91.4 93.3 93.1 91.9 94.0 97.9 100.0 99.7 98.3 1904 90.3: 92.6 94.7 95.2 93. T 92.4 91. & 94.2 98.5 100. 98.0 94.6 ' The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. In 1914 February, March, and April show the great- est activity in the combined industries of the state, the timber of wage earners appearing for Larcn and the minimum for December. For 1904 and NEW YORK. 979 1909 the greatest activity is shown for the fall, the maximum month being October. The greatest differ- ence between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 117,806 in 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries for each of the 52 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which sepa- rate statistics can be shown. Table 10 INDUSTRY AMD CITT. All industries. /Igrl cultural implements \ Artificial flowers and leathers and plumes Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boxes, lancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products , Buttons Ceuming and preserving Carpets and mg$, other than rag Carnages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electrio-railread companies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Chemicals Clotliing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. „ and twine and jute and linen goods Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles, exclu- sive of that done in textile mills Electrical macliinery, apparatus, and supplies Fancy artioles,notelsewhere specified. Food preparations, not elsewhere specinedT. Foundry and machine-shop products. Fur^oods Fumisliing goods, men's Furniture and refrigerators jtas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors }as, illuminating and heating Jloves and mittens, leather , lats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 1,057,857 lats, fur-felt losiery and knit goods ron and steel, steel works and rolling mills ewelry iSather goods, not elsewhere specified -eather, tanned, curried, and finished -iq uors, malt iUmber and timber products (arble and stone work lillinery and lace goods [usical instruments, pianos and organs and materials 'aper and wood pulp aper goods, not elsewhere specified atent medicines and compounds and drug^sts' preparations hotograpluc apparatus and mate- rials rintingand^ ubber goods, not elsemiere specified Upbuilding, incluidng boat building Ik goods, including throwsters ' ^U^tering and meat packing . . 6,392 7,715 12,122 27,561 14, 192 6,627 27,002 7,494 5,223 8,757 12,540 3,911 4,921 20,234 7,780 81,370 108,393 10,768 16,040 5,505 9,127 4,857 5,514 23,738 3,576 4,031 66,690 5,904 17,495 22,153 4,501 10, 090 6,026 4,187 3,563 40,095 10,788 5,051 7,473 5,360 9,826 21, 503 4,798 26, 124 12, 602 13,570 4,639 6,699 7,426 64,020 3,633 6,076 11.659 6,641 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 1,055,575 1,078,354 7,423 7,326 11,559 27,765 14,685 6,480 iie,S64 3,835 5,646 2,748 13,346 3,,976 4,799 21,073 7,808 85,206 103, 847 9,866 15,643 5,747 10,479 4,904 5,382 Ze,326 3,400 S,697 67,662 4,357 17,149 22,942 4,680 9,867 6,643 4,126 3,638 41, 495 11,009 6,118 7,107 6,641 9,560 21,263 4,168 26,285 13,320 13,675 4,641 5,792 7,698 65,300 3,741 6,475 11, 670 Feb- ruary. 1,094,773 7,395 7,983 11,724 28,312 14,612 6,665 25,902 SM9 8,768 i,B41 13,467 4,056 4,831 21,068 7,747 86,287 115,043 10,443 16,069 5,685 10,356 4,957 5,458 25,859 3,635 3,707 68,640 4, see 1^418 23,435 4,793 9,718 6,666 4,168 3,63S- 42,606 11,096 5,258 7,312 6,714 9,477 21, 004 S,91S 29,030 13,300 13,971 4,616 5,897 7,868 66,635 3,849 5,706 11,826 6,760 March. 7,012 8,147 12, 114 28,149 14, 814 6,647 26,577 3,887 5,819 2,678 13,374 4,164 4,906 20,476 7,804 85,626 121,969 10,652 16,431 5,749 5,003 6,724 25,551 3,721 3,882 68,968 4,722 17,839 23,143 4,843 9,BS9 6,750 4,228 3,581 43,107 11,716 6,2tl4 7,335 6,640 9,525 20,799 4,034 29,985 April. 1,084,215 6,367 8,038 12,746 26,913 14,689 6,868 26,627 6,164 6,546 2,806 13,409 4,320 4,954 20,184 7,674 82,194 115,282 10,202 16, 648 5,757 9,382 5,005 6,066 24,903 3,574 3,883 68,980 4,891 17,548 22,738 4,792 10,051 '6,643 4,117 3,398 42, 871 12, 008 5,251 7,365 5,406 9,618 21,448 4,629 27, 479 13,333 14,104 4,880 5,982 7,862 66,157 .,3,956 \tm 6,631 May. 1,067,030 5,603 . 6,961 12,935 27,148 14,298 7,028 26, 744 10,519 5,163 3,088 13,392 4,305 5,137 19,713 7,411 80,736 105,561 9,811 16,360 S,761 9,204" 4,881 5,886 24,217 3,527 3,900 68,633 4,963 17,385 22,259 4,528 10,6;6 6,640 4,141 S, HI 42,009 10,699 5,2G4 7,301 5,382 9,776 22, 872 5,283 23,916 12,997 14, 061 4,966 5,787 7,717 64,382 , 3,973 June. 1,053,471 6,627 4,850 12,914 27,393 13,949 6,911 27,042 11,843 4,814 6,066 12,844 4,230 4,932 19,471 7,399 80,701 98,845 9,77S 16,280 6,662 8,933 4,803 6,871 23,445 3,409 3,870 68,207 5,512 17,217 21,687 4,398 10,744 6,679 4,169 3,253 40,851 11,335 5,137 7,261 5,342 10,014 22, 722 5,629 12,465 13,684 4,746 July. 1,033,953 4,109 6,701 12,848 28,243 IS, 458 6,717 11,697 4,5.59 13, 793 10,960 ,3,948 5,128 19,511 7,956 80,618 90,119 9,913 16,000 5,606 8,687 4,64^ 5,578 23,141 S,SOS 3,912 68,071 5,908 16,802 21,361 4,276 10,541 6,537 4,219 3,704 39,530 10,326 4,847 .7,417 5,279 10,212 22,269 6,714 22, 763 August, 1,037,476 S,S6S 7,707 12,324 27,376 13,538 6,363 27,007 11,386 4,792 14,458 10,657 5,173 19,817 8,262 80,016 103,898 10,599 16,125 6,329 8,639 4,699 6,461 22,720 3,546 4,026 66,795 6,245 16,869 21,621 4,257 10,378 6,541 4,279 3,818 ss>so 9,701 4,7 SB 7,690 6,213 10,246 21,862 5,548 Sep- tember. 1,067,384 4,000 9,006 11,800 18,888 14,075 6,282 27,385 9,867 6,218 15,547 12,348 3,654 6,186 20,085 8,232 80, 147 118,679 11,609 16,219 5,574 8,041 4,858 5,492 22,677 3,808 4,347 64,181 7,207 17,523 21,937 4,435 10,092 6,382 4,394 3,907 36,982 10,677 4,877 8,076 5,056 10,030 21, 914 5,508 28,613 11, 937 13, 615 4,575 5,608 6,982 62,981 3,678 S,S59 11,994 6,506 Octo- ber. 1,072,612 4,237 8,598 11,761 27,496 14,414 6,460 27,853 7,273 5,199 18,768 12,415 4,945 20,305 7,776 79,303 118,942 12,310. 16,232 5,218 8,536 4,858 • 6,265 22,035 3,893 4,581 64,102 7,723 18,502 21,928 4,469 10,018 5,069 4,277 4,088 39, 056 10,510 4,988 8,271 6,076 9,937 21, 307 4,906 26, 982 12,388 13,394 4,628 6,779 (,904 62,882 3,590 5,733 11,734 6.654 Novem- ber. 1,034,649 5,309 7,963 11,408 27,124 14,106 6,576 28,469 5,359 6,139 14,863 11,999 3,463 4,664 20,496 7^537 77, tS9. 106,907 11,965 16,609 4,998 8,729 4,839 5,042 22,058 3,707 4,508 62,714 7,713 17,990 21,562 4,370 9,786 4,S79 4,042 3,276 39,200 10,416 4,858 7,562 5,196 9,803 20, 741 4,400 25,031 12, 460 13,239 4,480 5,699 6,730 63,523 3,067 5,646 11,012 6,625 Decem- ber. 1,014,893 5,836 7,786 11,341 27,925 13,668 6,627 28,184 4,489 6,033 7,728 12,269 S,S98 4,4S7 20,609 7,754 78,417 101, 624 12, 074 14,984 4,974 8,639 4,832 4,964 21,924 3,384 4,159 63,327 7,281 17,698 21,333 4,171 9,641 4,383 4,094 3,314 38,864 10,064 4,935 6,978 6,375 9,714 19,845 3,940 24, 986 12,659 13,495 4,388 5,726 8,673 63,814 2,984 6,635 10,898 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 92.7 34.5 70.7 87.7 95.0 90.8 89.4 30.6 78.0 13.5 79.1 78.7 92.4 89. e 89.5 73.9 79.4 89.9 86.3 76.8 92.8 81.7 83.3 85.0 78.5 90.9 56.0 92.7 91.0 86.1 89.2 64.9 92.0 76.8 82.5 9 J. 4 84.4 88.5 93.0 86.8 68.6 74.8 83.7 91.7 88.0 88.0 84.4 93.9 75.1 76.7 88. » 94. r 980 MANUFACTURES. Table 10— Continued. INDT7STET AND CITT. Soap Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats All other industries Total for cities' Albany Amstekdam , AUBUKN : B ATAVTA B EACON BiNeHAMTOK Buffalo COHOES Corning coetland Dunkirk Elmira Tulton •Geneva Glens Falls ■Gloversville Hobnell Hudson Ithaca Jamestown Johnstown Kingston ; Little Falls lockport , MiDDLETOWN Mount Vernon New Kochelle , Nkw York City Bronx borough.... Brooklyn borough Manhattan borough Queens borough Eichmond borough Newbuegh Niagara Falls North Tonawanda , Ogdensbdbg Olean .'. Oneonta ossining Oswego Peekskill Plattsbubg Port Chester poughkeepsie Rensselaer Rochester Rome Saratoga Springs Schenectady Syracuse Troy Utica Wateetown Wateevuet White Plains YONKERS .,, ^, , . , ^, , . , WAGE earners: 19U. [Month of maximum employment for each mdustry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.) Aver- age number em- ployed during year. 3,168 30,489 4,446 8,552 159,220 904,817 9,371 10, 774 5,769 2,457 1,806 7,248 64,416 5,781 2,203 2,459 2,989 4,870 3,042 1,692 2,532 5,336 2,285 1,423 815 7,794 2,532 3,076 3,823 2,381 1,989 1,346 870 685,279 19,387 140,881 385,902 31,630 7,479 4,318 9,390 3,574 898 2,633 1,337 373 4,331 1,781 822 2,278 4,729 8U 44,113 3,937 17,707 17,551 17,421 12,714 3,148 759 316 12,650 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 3,190 30,896 5,806 8,487 157,276 909,895 9,418 12,125 6,849 2,841 1,861 7,489 55,115 5,602 2,505 2,596 4,068 5,004 3,034 1,S7S 2,579 5,725 2,413 1,463 784 7,838 2,751 3,052 4,344 2,329 2,104 l.SSS 783 577,897 19,622 141, 102 378,950 31, 110 7, lis 1,468 10,236 3,588 1,013 1,384 393 4,486 l,6Sg 2,400 4,700 781 44,651 3,874 971 20,435 18,505 17,581 13,084 3,300 - 776 SOS 12,462 Feb- ruary. 3,139 30,954 5,752 8,687 158,988 932,245 9,417 12,304 6,793 2,805 1,902 7,624 65,740 6,234 2,492 2,640 3,982 6,105 3,064 1,488 2,655 5,888 2,426 1,449 774 7,961 2,732 2,941 4,368 2,426 2,103 1,247 793 596,833 19, 669 142,457 396,123 31,407 7,177 4,338 10,043 3,613 1,016 2,825 1,393 387 4,448 1,693 1,048 2,270 4,997 808 45,703 3,983 966 19,916 18,622 17,906 13,318 3,272 763 315 12,516 March. 3,215 30,746 5,789 8,673 163,570 946,854 9,561 12,232 6,612 2,682 1,881 7,769 55, 678 6,240 2; 509 2,580 3,760 5,194 3,059 1,526 2,676 6,971 2,396 1,481 785 8,183 2,757 2,970 4,263 2,416 2,088 1,313 864 610, 645 19,885 144,694 406, 849 31,982 7,335 4,418 10,350 3,548 1,023 2,570 1,383 387 4,484 1,811 1,035 2,365 5,218 866 45,627 4,088 950 19,633 18,362 18,182 13,288 3,270 754 308 12,843 April. 3,235 30,372 5,792 8,767 166,052 932,129 9,580 11, 953 6,229 2,372 1,859 7,730 66,051 6,172 2,255 ' 2,494 3,632 4,884 3,096 1,534 2,748 6,802 2,321 1,467 768 8,242 2,771 3,047 4,160 2,268 2,056 1,390 932 598,962 19,880 143,092 395,883 32, 457 7,650 4,440 10,414 3,590 1,006 2,775 1,398 396 4,462 1,767 1,140 2,255 5,332 813 44,204 4,180 942 19,096 18,508 18, 139 13,344 3,194 727 311 12,921 May. 3,274 30, 608 5,696 8,712 165,079 911,625 9,662 11,784 5,890 2,187 1, 917 7,550 55,697 5,659 2,071 2,387 3,346 4,778 2,998 1,548 2,729 5,856 2,325 1,623 802 8,031 2,681 3,269 3,945 2,384 2,075 1,436 1,011 582,618 19,738 143,582 378, 768 32,842 7,688 4,398 9,877 3,639 977 2,658 1,380 373 4,368 1,749 1,058 2,300 5,163 818 44,487 4,211 18,378 18,435 17,935 13,208 3,213 719 315 12,869 June. 3,161 30,666 5,487 8,747 163, 754 897,795 9,633 11,135 5,549 2,305 1,887 7,327 54,926 5,816 2,048 S.Sll ' 2,919 4,800 3,013 1,761 2,540 5,898 2,346 1,514 857 7,754 2,598 3,224 3,678 2,519 1,969 1,442 884 572,800 19, 693 143,265 369,874 32, 155 7,813 4,380 9,735 3,652 915 2,719 1,300 388 4,348 1,868 1,056 2,365 4,815 814 45,523 4,278 882 17,547 18, 159 17,596 12, 867 3,173 809 328 12,830 July. 1,971 30,325 6,217 8,505 156,830 873,413 9,198 8,964 5,395 1,913 1,541 54,095 5,785 2,047 2,323 2,749 4,846 3,304 1,906 2,448 5,714 2,121 1,478 912 7,4S6 2,611 3,156 3,660 2,512 i,7ee 1,319 sea, SIS 19,045 139,638 360,794 31,579 7,557 4,351 8,844 3,669 867 2,639 1,264 354 4,337 1,831 87.6 2,328 4,501 795 45,171 4,123 836 17, 138 17,762 16,239 12,594 3,130 839 324 12,990 August, 3,110 30,262 2,294 8,327 154,348 882,734 8, 90S 7,S8S i,670 1,759 1,638 7,013 53,609 6,526 1,950 2,424 1,790 4,682 3,072 1,939 2,439 6,687 1,929 1,111 869 7,528 2,669 3,198 3,389 2,317 1,790 1,322 920 577,410 18,821 139,994 379,769 31, 190 7,636 4,340 8,659 3,584 819 2,449 SU 4,464 1,740 792 2,258 4,SS5 783 44,620 3,920 57S 17,128 16,672 15,707 12,252 3,057 791 322 12,958 Sep- tember. 3,211 30,699 2,06S 8,767 158,700 908,536 8,942 9,710 5,020 2,748 1,761 53,325 5,568 1,916 2,454 2,567 4,832 3,362 2,032 2,559 4,772 1,991 1,214 870 7,603 2,377 3,169 3,325 2,548 1,930 1,361 600,995 19,341 139,880 402,903 31,320 7,551 4,287 8,715 3,696 813 2,364 1,292 366 S.SOl 1,804 483 2,225 4,400 800 43,710 3,856 659 16,380 16,783 16,320 12, 177 3,190 698 317 12,733 Octo- ber. 3,198 30,872 2,871 9,051 159,575 910,872 9,316 10,779 5,032 2,473 1,976 6,963 53,418 S,44S 2,141 2,358 2,509 4,873 3,309 1,926 2,423 4,668 2,415 1,462 799 7,684 2,2.38 3,033 s,soe 2,410 1,982 1,388 999 601,447 19,502 140,030 402,607 31, 701 7,607 4,246 8,788 3,600 802 2,500 1,304 351 4,383 1,871 499 2,191 4,412 805 42,690 3,738 902 15,865 . 16,434 17, 867 12,075 3,078 762 323 12,626 Novem- ber. 3,170 30,208 3,170 8,367 154,620 881,344 9,444 10, 194 6,438 2,727 1,759 6,842 B2,S91 5,884 2,209 2,435 2,157 4,767 3,038 ■1,704 2,350 4,056 2,367 1,457 787 7,639 2,119 2,972 3,600 2,285 2,027 1,373 738 578,218 18,871 137, 141 383, 739 31,115 7,352 4,085 8,603 3,431 751 2,524 1,313 367 4,269 1,831' 479 2,190 4,446 830 41,001 S,49S 909 15,546 16,375 17,767 12,002 2,92S 742 316 11,964 Decem- ber. 3,142 19,270 3,415 7,BU 151,949 870,262 9,378 10,523 6,761 2,672 1,690 e,7SS 52,747 S,44S 2,293 2,506 2,389 4,675 2,155 1,562 2,2Sa S,98S 2,370 1,467 773 7,609 2,180 2,881 3,838 2,158 1,989 1,338 567,010 18,577 135,897 374,565 30,702 7,269 4,065 8,416 3,378 774 2,653 1,391 373 4,122 1,880 418 2,189 4,429 819 42,169 3,500 900 IB, 422 16,095 17,813 12,359 2,976 728 308 12,088 ' Excludes Lackawanna, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. There was comparatively little fluctuation in the monthly emplo3anent of wage earners in all industries combined, but individual industries show a wide range of variation between the maximum and mini- mum months. Conditions pecuhar to each industry affected the employment of labor in various manu- facturing enterprises, but no one industry was of suffi- cient magnitude to determine the month of maximum employment in the state as a -wh^MQ^WSmAf \ was the season of greatest activity in the manufac- tures of the state, and the industries which gave em- ployment to the greatest proportion of the 1,094,773 wage earners employed in March, the maximum month, were women's clothing, hosiery and knit goods, and printing and pubhshing. Of the industries, boot and shoe factories show the most regular employment of wage earners, the minimum number (26,888) em- ployed in September, representing 95 per cent of the number (28,312) employed in February. Tobacco factories and slaughtering and meat packing EW YORK. 981 establishments also show high degrees of stability, 94.6 per cent and 94.7 per cent respectively. Canning and preserving shows the widest fluctua- tion in the employment of wage earners, the minimum number, 2,541, employed in February being only 13.5 per cent of the maximum number, 18,768, em- ployed in October. It also gave employment to a large number of persons in the months of July, August, September, and November and to a relatively small number throughout the winter and spring months. There were only three other industries presented sep- arately, in which the number of wage earners employed in the minimum month was less than 50 per cent of the maximum month. Of the cities the greatest stabihty of employment was in Buffalo, where there was a variation of only 6.2 per cent in the employment of wage earners throughout the year. Plattsburg shows the greatest fluctuation, the proportion that the minimum formed of the maximum being 36.7 per cent, followed closely by Dunkirk with 44 per cent. It is significant, how- ever, that in most of the cities shown separately, the period of greatest activity in 1914 was within the first six months of the year. There were only nine where the maximum month of employment was during the latter part of the year. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants except Jjakawanna. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a smaller or greater number of hours. Table 11 mDUSTKY AND CITY. All industries. Agricultural Implements Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings . Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Buttons Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag , \ . Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by elect'fic-railroad companies. Gars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods .T , Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 1,057,857 1,003,981 5,392 5,717 7,715 8,493 12,122 9,861 27,561 21,627 14, 192 11,538 6,627 6,651 27,002 21,367 7,494 8,080 5,223 6,126 8,757 7,075 12,540 11, 898 3,911 6,116 4,921 4,480 20,234 16,454 7,780 5,746 81,370 91,363 108,393 98, 104 10,768 8,570 16,040 14,689 5,505 5,952 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. 136,221 192,279 20 1,162 1,914 128 86 361 77 2,803 354 743 230 2,915 1,133 1,752 1,467 194 113 249 381 167 224 38 381 374 200 38 9,282 9,044 4,701 400 152 4,526 2,918 Between 48 and 54. 296,578 173, 887 4,658 3,937 1,625 7,599 1,110 3,255 2,696 865 487 694 603 121 862 583 261 279 127 124 1,049 1,410 4,600 1,137 39 190 44,3d6 13,328 90,355 48,982 1,175 625 64. 357,822 169,492 132 132 2,524 1,480 6,189 4,068 14,605 ,4,851 6,906 2,021 2,180 2,049 13,955 2,475 1,449 3,273 370 191 12,082 6,463 1,039 1,329 677 84 6,404 2,188 346 61 25,329 12,772 12,956 20,101 5,799 914 5,239 1,440 5,405 3 Between 54 and 60. 135,878 290,905 3,571 3,649 70 297 1,151 2,248 4,929 10,057 1,165 3,959 1,365 1,701 875 809 258 902 4,463 931 735 90 742 903 1,235 1,452 1,400 2,751 3,946 3,641 3,599 2,055 46,713 331 18,697 1,647 3,803 4,611 6,530 81 3,269 60. Between 60and72. 106,769 225,930 1,676 2,016 32 144 715 1,932 5,441 73 2,342 1,474 2,184 7,920 13,345 1,856 4,667 2 601 3,611 6,269 241 751 1,918 2,100 2,362 3,094 2,488 325 1,324 318 9,002 60 5,475 1,247 2,819 3,176 16 2,680 16,476 21,397 85 252 1,054 166 631 5,124 2,823 37 79 441 829 6 17 72. 6,137 10, 544 61 176 57 Over 72. 3,976 9,547 122 "54' 10 167 12 2,350 1,197 197 375 1 9 40 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 982 MANtlFACTUHES. Table 1 1— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CTTY. Cotton goods, including cotton and small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods. . , Furnishing goods, men's Furniture aud refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Gas, illuminating and heating Gloves and mittens, leather Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Jewelry Leather goods, not elsewhere specified Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble ai;d stone work, Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Photographic apparatus and materials Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909' 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4914 1909 1914 1909 19114 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 19(79 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ATEBAOE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS, Total. 9,127 10,663 4,857 4,478 5,514 5,252 23,738 18,972 3,578 3,430 4,031 3,023 66,690 64,066 5,904 8,244 17,495 18,186 22, 153 20,281 4,501 6,017 10,090 6,422 6,026 6,287 4,187 3,348 3,563 5,013 40, 095 35,950 10,788 10,091 5,051 5,379 7,473 7,586 5,360 5,688 9,826 8,731 21,503 27,471 4,798 6,939 26, 124 21, 078 12,602 11,938 13,570 12, 073 4,639 4,303 5,699 4,728 7,426 4,088 64, 020 63, 120 3,633 2,066 6,076 5,644 11,659 12,903 6,641 6,110 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week wore— 48 and under. 188 131 246 65 348 164 541 117 6,061 2,001 700 518 967 2,672 1,999 186 87 267 22 256 115 677 672 209 427 300 17? 194 18 6,406 1,628 4,099 1,878 3,58S 4,377 2,176 1,471 317 364 1,672 1,295 111 332 1,979 1,533 570 59 44,314 34, 754 27 101 877 2,271 123 32 596 549 Between 48 and 54. 251 247 455 550 439 816 3,828 2,769 838 773 324 151 14,079 7,087 4,394 4,213 3,845 3,658 2,333 1,460 2,215 1,453 1,255 241 2,738 1,473 650 1,060 3,827 1,312 173 67 2,644 2,943 1,517 788 282 226 633 292 1,448 1,336 145 256 11,845 10,562 1,694 1,481 1,979 2,015 1,695 2,268 1,762 5,978 98 10,504 15,083 797 82 1,009 2,381 1,305 1,383 326 54. 7,118 17 613 378 2,914 197 3,703 2,170 1,220 338 1,840 23,062 758 2,870 11,558 2,070 7,438 1,098 977 1,702 7,527 2 2,895 771 •682 1,951 30,382 454 1,796 423 1,566 1,376 2,756 1,019 1,398 211 2,521 5,176 4,008 3,822 484 599 11,562 4,786 9,123 6,967 2,671 279 1,149 608 708 491 307 3,753 7,407 8,512 1,808 3,725 2,000 7,644 1,042 1,127 718 Between 64 and 60. 695 1,277 2,096 1,192 951 2,830 15, 145 13,048 887 1,796 469 736 14,401 15,091 48 544 11,307 5,187 6,441 1,091 1,906 305 100 1,608 6,490 825 284 3,236 2,146 7,945 2,843 1,695 302 728 2,373 4,246 2,464 2,470 61 314 4,399 5,949 191 684 3,970 981 • 649 6'80 602 547 1,372 692 571 178 1,522 4,081 173 160 1,694 7,753 597 450 60. 1,049 9,122 1,606 2,227 964 1,324 696 821 23 1,356 8,479 16,665 4 96 837 283 4,519 9,272 32 864 400 11 34 291 1 9 3,127 24,934 6,976 4,745 10 50 482 1,324 1,022 205 768 7,012 14, 106 390 1,004 487 2,477 3,380 2,656 239 220 670 856 287 331 17 2,771 2,890 3,995 Between 60 and 72 8 335 31 160 5 516 405 878 537 381 2,578 2,663 72. Over 72. 496 1,661 2,577 2,500 110 1,349 44 50 I Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. 983 Table 1 1— Continued. nIDUSTKT AND CITY. Soap Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats . All other industries Total for cities ' . Albany Amstebdam . AuBintN..... Batavia Beacon BnrOHAMTON. Buffalo COHOES COBNINQ GOBTLAIID Eluiba. POITON Geneva Glens Falls. . GLOYEBSVnXE. HOBNELL.. Hudson ITSACA Jamestown Johnstown... KiNQSTON I/iTTiE Falls. LOCKPOET UtoDLETOWN. . Mount Vebnon. . New Rochelle . . New YoekCity. Newbubgh Niagaba falls.. noeth tonawanda. Oqdensbueg. Olean Oneonta Oswego Feekskill Plattsbubg POBT ChESTEB. POUGHKEEPSIE . BOCHESTEE BOUE „ . SABATOfiA SFBINOS. Schenectady. , Stbacuse Teoy tTncA Wateetown... Watebvliet. . . White Plains.. Yonkees Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 19W 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 •1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEBS. Total. 3,168 2,976 30,489 30,019 4,446 4,538 8,552 9,460 159,220 147,523 904,817 9,371 10,774 5,769 2,457 1,806 7,248 ' 54,416 5,781 2,203 2,459 2,989 4,870 3,042 1,692 2,532 5,335 2,285 1,423 815 7,794 2,532 3,076 3,823 2,381 1,989 1,346 870 685,279 4,318 9,390 3,574 898 2,633 1,337 373 4,331 1,781 822 2,278 4,729 811 44,113 3,937 17,707 17,551 17,421 12,714 3,148 759 316 12,650 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. 100 20 8,193 10,419 494 123 370 30 15,003 10,815 128,405 2,027 314 222 197 30 718 7,409 125 38 25 107 1,665 144 57 393 249 256 91 160 193 150 405 37 115 72 287 385 98,379 1,505 598 1,052 80 168 79 90 140 109 60 19 301 62 4,459 108 343 2,468 815 947 185 80 Between 48 and 54. 1,265 315 4,547 5,252 2,305 181 229 649 34, 443 20,261 281,966 2,297 124 27 3 687 4,081 205 247 62 2,037 718 1 43 15 1,001 3 29 13 145 247 906 451 114 229,116 926 1,066 505 16 277 967 103 306 57 9 1,030 1,037 24,546 8 4 3,682 2,124 942 1,209 33 28 35 277 54. 131 1,152 13, 137 1,132 1,403 125 4,116 40,896 24,764 301, 772 3,022 9,072 3,416 312 524 •3,917 16,760 4,788 274 434 497 1,617 75 285 1,597 1,943 1,911 339 149 7,094 1,245 953 2,439 761 1,181 23 11,458 1,027 562 345 8,241 12,070 7,173 890 374 52 10,279 Between 54 and 60. 753 3,473 10,542 244 3,563 933 4,570 29,855 41,711 113,958 1,177 681 1,992 347 571 740 11, 154 221 1,344 1,698 53 606 279 761 147 2,022 58 880 137 185 842 411 830 196 271 332 191 235 24 ra,ooo 63,726 1,020 619 2,904 3,558 994 311 566 41 702 1,211 244 23 99 30 2,127 284 774 303 179 331 99 587 2,398 854 349 2,656 648 32 13,249 2,856 1,125 1,379 1,527 164 277 736 347 2,657 2,893 4,211 29,160 36, 450 66,521 841 533 64 1,590 679 1,181 12,786 423 137 234 270 225 2,289 534 118 55 59. 317 177 48 401 493 780 365 85 112 27,167 139 1,195 710 183 275 18 51 1,383 19 252 543 116 41 920 2,079 154 70 1,750 2,363 1,673 252 113 143 23 Between 60and72. 792 16 6,901 6,946 7,579 5 1,092 19 7 16 33 151 12 12 213 12 4,022 100 616 1 18 16 106 244 72. 1,748 2,627 2,001 6 103 12 473 2 10 172 Over 72. 1,214 3,949 2,615 271 "iso 13 19 120 "867 ' Excludes Lackawanna, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures in this table emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day in the manu- factures of the state. In 1909, 455,658, or 44.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners em- ployed in all industries, worked 54 hours or less per week, while in 1914, 790,621, or 74.7 per cent, were em- ployed such hours. The movement toward the short- ening of the hours of labor per week is further shown by the decrease in the number of wage earners working in factories where 60 hours or more prevaUe^^^j^g^; portion of the total dropping from 26.6 per cent in 1909 to 12.4 per cent in 1914. The greatest number of wage earners worked 54 hours per week in 1914, whereas the greatest number in 1909 were employed from 64 to 60 hours. The most pronounced decrease in hours of labor was in the clothing industry. In 1909, 34.5 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estab- lishments operating between 54 and 60 hours per week, j^ M/k5r©&®K!^ortion thus employed was 1,3 per 984 MANUFACTURES. cent. In 1909, 24.5 per cent of the .total number of wage earners employed in the maniifacture of men's clothing and 53.9 per cent of those employed in the manufacture of women's clothing worked less than 54 hours per week, whereas, in 1914, the number em- ployed such hours increased to 65.9 per cent and 87.7 per cent, respectively. In the bakeries of New York, 68.7 per cent of the wage earners reported for 1909 were employed 60 hours or over per week, as compared with only 30.6 per cent in 1914. In foimdry and machine-shops and in print- ing and pubhshing establishments, there was also a marked decrease during the five-year period in the number of wage earners employed ia estabhshments where the longer hours prevailed. Printing and pub- lishing shows the shortest hours of emplo3Tnent, 55.1 per cent of the total number of wage earners work- ing 48 hours or less in 1909 and 69.2 per cent in 1914. Of the 1,057,857 wage earners employed in the manu- factures of the state in 1914, 904,817,* or 85.5 per cent, were reported for cities having a population of 10,000 and over. The preponderance of manufacturing in flie cities, therefore, has a very important bearing on flie average length of the working day in the state. Of the total nimiber of wage earners reported by establishments operating less than 54 hours per week, ' Exclusive of Lackawanna. the cities contributed 410,371, or 94.8 per cent; 54 hours per week, 301,772, or 84.3 per cent; between 54 and 60 hours, 113,958, or 83.9 per cent; 60 hours, 66,521, or 62.9 per cent; and over 60 hours, 12,195 or 47.1 per cent. Hence, as a rule, shorter hours of employment prevailed in establishments located in cities than in the outside districts. Of the cities having a population of over 50,000, the percentage of wage earners in estabhshments operating 54 hours or less per week was as follows: New York City, 85.3 per cent; Buffalo, 51.9 per cent; Rochestei* 91.7 per cent; Syracuse, 73.1 per cent; Albany, 78.4 per .cent; Yonkers, 86.2 per cent; Troy, 79.4 per cent; Utica, 73.4 per cent; Schenectady, 24.7 per cent; and Binghamton, 73.4 per cent. The greatest proportion of wage earners employed in estabhshments where 48 hours and under prevailed was ui Albany, with 21.6 per cent. Location of establishments. — ^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures of New York were centralized in 52 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants each in 1914. Statistics for Lackawanna, whose manufactiu'es are carried on by practically one establishment, are in- cluded with those of the section of the state outside such cities and villages in order to avoid the disclosure of individual operations. ■Table 12 Census Year Aggregate. CITIES HATING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OR OVER. Total. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 10,000 to 25,000. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. Per cent of 100,000 and over. Number or amount. Per cent of DISTRICTS OUTSTOE OP CITIES HATma A POPULATION OF 10,000 OR OTER.l Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of places- Population «. Nnmber of establishments. Average number of wage earn- Value of products. . Value added by manufacture. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 9,899,761 9,113,614 7,268,894 48,203 44,935 35,957 1,057,857 1,003,981 726,909 $3,814,661,114 3,369,490,192 1,871,830,872 1,706,053,753 1,512,585,850 853,453,686 52 50 39 7,523,465 6,756,593 4,917,781 39,066 34,429 26,467 904,817 856,627 605,358 $3,319,199,163 2,922,465,687 1,613,789,902 1,516,875,170 1,337,039,122 743,566,680 76.0 74.1 67.7 81.0 76.6 73.6 85.5 85.3 87.0 86.7 86.2 88.9 $8.4 87.1 29 27 453,687 425,022 446,342 1,956 1,913 2,073 64,482 67,169 72,177 $186,360,362 178,099,037 124,970,992 75,742,725 74,588,376 56,794,694 4.6 4.7 6.1 4.1 4.3 5.8 6.1 6.7 9.9 4.9 5.3 6.7 4.4 4.9 6.7 784,736 «85,322 410,868 2,802 2,494 1,822 129,605 117,006 70,462 $374,418,620 313,200,836 124,106,211 163,543,725 141,677,365 63,000,645 7.9 7.5 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.1 12.3 H.7 9.7 9.3 6.6 9.6 9.4 7.4 5 S 4 6,285,042 5,646,249 4,060,571 34,308 30,022 22,572 710,730 672,452 462,719 $2,758,420,181 2,431,165,814 1,364,712,699 1,277, 588, V20 1,120,873,381 623,771,341 63.5 62.0 55.9 71.2 66.8 67.2 67.0 63.7 72.3 72.2 72.9 74.9 74.1 73.1 2,376,296 2,357,021 2,351,113 9,137 10,506 9,490 153,040 147,354 121,551 $495,461,951 447,024,505 258,040,970 189,178,583 175,546,728 109,887,006 24.0 25.9 32.3 19.0 23.4 26.4 14.5 14.7 16.7 13.0 13.3 13.8 11.1 11.6 12.9 ' Incjudes Lackawanna, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. > Census estimate of population for 1914. Table 12 shows that the increase in the manufactures of the state was general and extended to both the urban and rural districts. During the 15 years covered by the table, the value of products for the urban dis- tricts represented by the cities of 10,000 inhabitants or over increased 105.7 per cent, while that reported for rural districts increased 92 per cent. The relative im- jwrtance of manufactures in cities, as measured by the average number of wage earners, value of products, and , value added by manufacture, has hIa^itEZ&^b.y, i while the proportion ui rural districts, as measured by these- items, has decreased. The 52 cities which contained 76 per cent of the es- timated population of the state in 1914 reported 87 per cent of the total value of products and 85.5 per cent of the total average nmnber of wage earners. The corre- sponding proportions in 1909 were shghtly less. Comparisons for cities, or for the districts outsidie, are affected by the increase in the population of cities. /fc^^fflC^opulation dimng the interval between J ^EW YORK. 985 censuses make it impossible to show the same cities in the same group at each date given in the table. Eleven places, White Plains, Olean, Port Chester, North Tonawanda, Batavia, Cortland, Ossining, Hud- son, Plattsburg, Rensselaer, and Fulton, which had more than 10,000 inhabitants ea,ch in 1910 had less than that number in 1900, so 'that statistics for these cities are included with those for rural manufactures in 1900 but with urban manufactures in 1910. In 1900 Jamestown, Amsterdam, Moimt Vernon, Niagara Falls, New Rochelle, Poughkeepsie, Newburgh, Watertown, and Kingston were cities of 10,000 to 25,000, but during the following decade the population of these cities in- creased so that in 1910 all were cities of 25,000 to- 100,000 inhabitants. Albany was a city of the second group in 1900/ but by 1910 advanced to the group, 100,000 and over. During the period from 1910 to 1914 the population of Beacon and Oneonta increased STifficiently to bring them within the group of cities having a population of over 10,000; while Cohoes advanced to the group of cities having a population of 25,000 to 100,000 in 1914. With these exceptions, the grouping in 1914 was the same as in 1910. The relative importance in manu- factures of each of the 52 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants (except those for which comparative sta- tistics are not available), as measured by average nimi- ber of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. Lackawaima is not included in this table for reasons already stated. For the decade 1904 to 1914 every city or village shown in the following table, except Dunkirk, Hudson, and Watervhet, increased in value of products, and all but 10 show an increase in the number of wage earners. In a majority of cities, however, the relative gain was less during the latter half of the decade than during the preceding five years. Utica, Gloversville, Cohoes, Ogdensburg, and Plattsburg show decreases in the number of wage earners and in value of products from 1909 to 1914. The greatest decrease in value of products during this .period, $1,811,459, or 13.4 per cent, in Cohoes, was the result of a decHne in the out- put of hosiery and knit goods, the leading industry of that city. The greatest proportional decrease was in Plattsburg, 40 per cent, but the actual decrease was only $1,253,656, due to a decline in the production of automobiles. Ogdensburg also shows a large relative and actual decrease, $1,546,931, or 31.3 percent. The other four cities showing losses in value of products are comparatively small industrial centers and the manu- factures are quite diversified. The largest relative increase for the last five-year period, 56.4 per cent, was in Niagara Falls, and was due largely to the increase in the production of chem- icals and to the establishment in this city of a large factory manufacturing aluminum ware. The next largest relative gain, 56.2 per cent, was in Elmira, and was due in part to the fistablishment of factories for the manufacture of automobiles and automobile bodies and parts within the city since 1909. Pough- keepsie also shows an increase of 41.5 per cent, due to the increased production of agricultural imple- ments and men's clothing, and also to a number of new industries. Table 13 art.' New York City' Borougbs: Mannattskn^ Bronx ' Brooklyn 2. . Queens 2 Richmond. . 585, 279 385,902 19,387 140, 881 31,630 7,479 Buffalo Rochester Yonkers."' Syracuse Schenectady. Niagara Falls... Troys Utica Albany Amsterdam Binghamton. . . Jamestown.... Rome Auburn Glovers ville Poughkeepsie 2. . Osw/ego Elmira Cohoes! Olean North Tona- wanda Newburgh' Little Falls Fulton Watertown 2 Lockpdrt-. Dunkirk Peekskill« Johnsto\rn Port Chester Olens Falls Kingston Cortland Batavia Geneva Homell Middletown Coming: Hudson Beacon Ogdensburg Mount Vernon.. Saratoga Springs Rensselaer Oneonta Ithaca Plattsburg New Rochelle. . . Watervhet Ossining White Plains... AVERAOE NUMBER OP WAGE EABNEKS. 1914 1909 1904 384,858 14,640 123j895 24, 194 6,436 54,416 44, 113 12,650 17,551 17,707 9,390 17,421 12,714 9,371 10,774 7,248 7,794 3,937 5,769 6,335 4,729 4,331 4,870 5,781 2,633 3,574 4,318 3,823 3,042 3,148 2,381 2,989 1,781 2,532 2,278 2,532 3,076 2,459 2,457 1,692 2,285 1,989 2,203 1,423 1,806 898 1,346 869 811 1,337 815 822 870 759 373 316 553,923 464, 716 339,221 (') 104,995 14,905 5,595 51, 412 39,108 12, 711 18,148 14,931 «,089 20,102 13,153 9,861 10,284 6.823 6,789 3,633 6,497 5,741 3,268 3,817 3.647 8,127 2,259 2,824 4,198 4,211 2,799 3,291 2,138 2,756 2,063 2,589 2,122 2,774 3,281 2,356 2,007 1,526 2,183 1,733 2,074 1,302 43,667 31,779 9,779 14,654 14,316 4,574 19, 114 10,882 ■8,976 7,993 5,636 5,237 3,209 6,660 S,048 3,775 3,746 3,208 6,910 1,175 2,025 4,013 2,621 "3," 626' 2,323 3,395 1,957 2,426 2,052 2,636 2,282 1,603 1,580 2,200 1,596 2,355 1,524 1,259 929 1,207 670 833 590 763 873 873 1,049 750 735 517 753 1,111 356 249 S2,292,831,693 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1,519,143,429 68, 708, 792 615,302,755 164,789,481 34,887,236 247,516,476 140,696,682 67,222,673 52,163,940 48,762,807 44,816,698 39,929,860 30,490,236 25,211,390 22,474,691 18,359,516 17,961,429 16,730,078 16,686,249 13,384,213 12,791,325 12,650,095 12,597,024 11,706,461 11,677,282 10,040,366 9,986,564 9,927,246 9,671,962 9.284,272 8,954,931 8,366,767 8,301,092 6,788,636 6,741,228 6,535,019 6,445,455 6,437,659 5,339,782 5,240,962 4,847,594 4,442,792 3,954,226 3,736,941 3,519,574 3,401,045 3,167,173 2,893,451 2, 75,'), 418 2,372,506 2,243,892 1,883,867 1,736,198 1,611,601 1,120,081 990,166 1909 1904 $2,027,425,288 $1,526,523,006 1,384,794,615 42, 900; 554 418,641,272 151,487,9.'i9 29,700,888 218,803,994 112,676,215 59,333,865 49,434,615 38,164,699 28,651,913 39,292,788 31,199,261 22,826,702 22,449,057 17,114,214 14,720,240 14,423,437 15,961,022 14,170,682 9,037,430 10,412,888 8,067,208 13,617,920 10,005,443 9,599,776 9,650,846 8,460,408 7,867,114 8,627,416 8,168,460 6,675,664 7,940,365 6,673,628 6,243,051 4,876,786 5,985,738 6,394,624 4,400,774 5,153,925 3,647,630 4,658,240 3,050,410 3^506,504 4,947,976 3,376,415 2,336,679 2,296,089 1,919,968 3,137,523 1,668,724 1,668,579 1,328,925 815,789 1,043,251,923 373,462,930 92,941,15& 16,866,995 147,377,873 81, 109, 435 33,548,688 < 3^687,109 "3S, 084, 451 16,915,786 31,860,829 ' 22,880,317 20,208,715 15,007,276 13,907,403 10,349,762 8,631,427 13,420,863 9,340,763 7,206,914 7,592,125 6,307,795 10,289,822 4,677,477 6,499,312 7, 035, .527 4,471,080 7,260,744 5,807,980 9,909,260 7,261,897 4,543,272 2,824,876 4,811,850 4,574,191 3,589,406 4,951,964 3,162,677 3,356,330 3,083,518 4,115,525 3,057,271 1,877,508 1,709,073 2,080,002 1,056,702 1,102,817 1,738,302 * Excludes Lackawanna, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ! Figures shown do not agree with those pubUshed for 1909, because it was neces- sary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the flgvu:es for 1914. . ' Included in Manhattan Borough. The largest actual gain was in New York City, fol- lowed in order by Buffalo and Rochester. New York City is not only the commercial center of the state, but is the industrial metropolis of the United States, holding first place in the value of all manufactured products, as well as in many individual industries. In 1914 the population of New York City exceeded that of all states except Pennsylvania and Illinois, but the value of its manufactured products exceeded that of any state except Pennsylvania. This predominance Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 986 MANUFACTURES. in manufactures is closely connected with the abun- dant supply of labor, its large immigrant population being an influential factor in causing manufacturing enterprises to locate there. New York City is the chief center of trade between the United States and Europe and also one of the principal distributing points for domestic trade. Its commercial importance has contributed largely to the high rank of the city in manufacturing industries and to making it the financial center of the United States. Measured by the increase in value of mantif actured products, the industrial development of New York City was not as great from 1909 to 1914 as from 1904 to 1909, the increase for the more recent five-year period being 13.1 per cent, as compared with 32.8 per cent for the preceding five years. During the period 1909 to 1914 the average number of wage earners em- ployed in the manufacturing industries of the city increased 5.7 per cent, while from 1904 to 1909 the gain was 19.2 per cent. Of the 48,203 manufacturing establishments re- ported for the state in 1914, 29,621, or 61.5 per cent, were located in this city. The proportion for 1909 was 57.7 per cent and for 1904, 56 per cent. More than one-half of the wage earners employed in the manufactures of the state and three-fifths of the value of products were reported by New York City in 1914 and 1909. The value of the city's manufactiu-es represented a.5 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts manufactured in the United States in 1914, 9.8 per cent in 1909, and 10.3 per cent in 1904. Of the 317 industry classifications employed in compiling the 1914 statistics for the manufactures of the state, 288 were represented in this city, 174 of which covered industries with products valued at more than $ 1 ,000,000 each. There were 25 industries in New York City in 1914 for which a value of products in excess of $20,000,000 was reported. For three of these — the refining of sugar, the smelting and refining of copper, and the refining of petroleum — statistics can not be shown separately without disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments. The other 22 industries ar- ranged in the order of the value of products are pre- sented in the following table, which shows the abso- lute and relative increase in this respect between 1909 and 1914 and also the percentage which the value of products for each industry represents of the corre- sponding total of the state. For six of the industries included in this table, more than 90 per cent of the total value of the state's pro- duction was manufactured in New York City. In six other industries the estabhshments located in New York City contributed more than three-fourths of the value of products for the slate. In only four indus- tries included in the table — ^foimdry and machine shops, boots and shoes, furniture and refrigerators. and the lumber industries — ^was less than one-half of the total value of products for the industry in the state reported for New York City. The four leading industries, each of which had a value of products in 1914 of over $100,000,000, gave employment to 214,406 wage earners. These four reported 37.4 per cent of the product and 36.6 per cent of the number of wage earners for aU manufacturing industries in the city. The value of women's clothing manu- factured in New York City represents 98.4 per cent of the total for the industry in the state and 71.7 per cent of the total for the United States. The output of printing and publishing establishments amounted to 83.8 per cent of the total for the industry in the state and 23.9 per cent of the total for the United States. Men's clothing manufactured in New York City was valued at $192,112,240, or 80.5 per cent of the total production in the state and 34.7 per cent in the United States. The value of products for the slaughtering and meat-packing industry was 1110,- 706,686, or 74.7 per cent of the total for the industry in the state and 6.7 per cent of the total for the United States. Table 14 Clothing, women's Printing and publishing Clothing, meirs, including shirts Slaughtering and meat packing Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products. Tobacco manuf actiu"es . .^. .^ Millinery and lace goods,. . - Liquors, malt Gas, illuminating and heating Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations CoSee ana spice, roasting and grind- ing Paint and varnish Fur goods Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Furnishing goods, men's Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Furniture and refrigerators Lumber and timber products Jewelry TALtm OF PEODUCTS: 191*. Amount. $339,842,534 215,570,953 192,112,240 110,706,686 80,056,218 77,898,295 75,406,362 70^800,274 66,311,597 42,299,984 30, 156, 169 29,860,995 29,276,898 29,070,984 28,554,524 27,6217308 26,161,767 25,861,559 25,130,161 22,994,450 20,668,367 20,467,868 Per cent of total for State. 98.4 83.8 80.5 74.7 73.3 44.9 85.6 97.9 65.7 80.1 72.2 94.3 91.8 95.9 83.8 61.6 36.6 57.0 76.0 46.1 34.4 93.8 Increasei, 1909-1914. Amount. $73,365,153 32,061,795 -26,203,929 14,844,264 18,151,734 14,045,704 12,917,911 19,66r,48r 2,842,986 8,183,426 5,171,893 14,041,603 2,612,724 -10,803,402 8,492,343 4,318,234 7,785,338 365,714 870,559 3,555,634 -3,553,693 1,231,600 Per cent. 27.5 17.5 -12.0 15.6 29.3 22.0 20.7 ^38r2 — 6.3 24.0 20.7 88.8 9.8 -27.1 42.3 18.6 42.4 1.4 3.6 18.3 -14.7 6.4 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Of the five boroughs which comprise Greater New York, Manhattan is the most important industrially. The value of products reported for the establishments within its limits in 1914 constituted 66.3 per cent of the total for the entire city, compared with 68.3 per cent in 1909. The proportion of the total contributed by the other counties in 1914 was as follows: Kings, 22.5 per cent; Queens, 7.2 per cent; Bronx, 2.6 per cent; and Richmond, 1.5 per cent. The corresponding percentages for 1909 were 20.6, 7.5, 2.1, and 1.5, respectively. The principal industries in each of the five boroi^hs comprising Greater New York, arranged in the order Digitized by fi/licrosoft® NEW YORK. 987 of the value of products, are shown in the following table, which gives the actual and relative increase from 1909 to 1914, and also the percentage which the value of products for each industry represents of the corresponding total for the city. The totals presented for New York City do not include the statistics for three estabUshments oper- ated by the Federal Government, namely, the United States navy yard, with 4,012 wage earners and prod- ucts valued at $7,658,189 in 1914; the United States Naval Clothing Factory, with 95 wage earners and a value of products of $680,834, located in Brook- lyn; and the United States Lighthouse Establishment, with 149 wage earners and products, such as illimii- nating and signaling apparatus and machinery, valued at $435,590, located at Tompkinsville, in Richmond County. lable 15 BOBOTJGH AND INDUSTBT. Mau tiattjtj Clothing, women's Printing and publislilng Clotiiing, men's, including starts Slaughtering and meat packing Mllinery and lace goods Tobacco manufactures Bread and other bakery products Liquors, malt roundry and machine-shop products, Pumishlng goods, men's Jur goods Confectionery Beookltn. Foundry and machine-shop products Bread and other bakery products Faint and varnish , Clothing, men's, including sliirts Boots and shoes, including cut; stock and findings Slaughtering and meat packing liiguors, malt Prmting and publishing Hosiery and knit goods Clothing, women's Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Chemicals Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Sugar, refining. , Petroleum, refining : Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Gas, illuminating and heating Queens. Foundry and machine-shop products Silk goods, including throwsters Smelting and refining, copper Sugar, refining : Gas, illuminating and heating Petroleum, refining ' Bronx. Musical instruments, pianos 'and organs and materials Bread and other bakery products Foundry and machine-shop products Millinery and lace goods Clothing, men's, including shirts Marble and stone work Liquors, malt BiCHMOND. Faint and varnish Foundry and machine-shop products. Soap Dental goods Oil, linseed , Wall plaster Smeltmg and refining, not from the ore . Shipbuilding, including boat building. Oilcloth and linoleum Liquors, malt VALtTE OF PKODUCTS : 1914. Amount. 1326,881,076 198,782,485 170,075,362 92,346,891 63,423,719 62,092,310 48,621,491 34,664,983 ■ 28,270,487 23,566,066 35,235,795 19,510,894 18,496,149 18,173,956 18,134,773 17,225,000 15,680,273 14,747,370 12,738,899 12,124,280 10,934,012 10,603,731 10,586,064 (') 6,876,901 5,793,100 7,635,489 6,976,816' 4,491,067 3, 738, 038 3,710,876 3,492,524 3,028,158 3,914,016 3,024,045 (=) Per cent of total for city. 96.2 92.2 88.5 83.4 89.6 82.3 60.7 61.6 36.3 91.1 m 45.2 24.4 63.2 9.5 69.3 15.6 27.8 6.8 67.0 3.6 14.6 86.2 38.3 («) 38.6 30.4 8.7 5.8 5.3 1.9 36.9 5.4 13.4 3.9 (») Increase', 1909-1914. Amount. »70,712,124 31,272,603 -27,750,516 13,495,276 17,638,618 7,693,365 9,882,745 4,490,179 4,936,059 -1.073,961 7,098,568 2,605,452 2,763,137 -1,575,495 5,375,546 650,270 1,020,017 119,633 3,388,451 3,616,109 4,395,082 -222, 771 3,092,833 m 1,257,906 1,587,022 31,216 3,837,326 406, 922 1,707,148 3,043,326 1,185,841 -1,208,857 -221,558 346,249 m Per cent. 27.6 18.7 -14.0 17.1 38.2 14.1 25.5 14.9 21.2 -4.4 m 25.2 15.4 17.6 -8.0 42.1 3.9 7.0 0.8 36.2 42.5 67.2 -2.1 41.3 22.4 37.7 0.4 122.2 10.0 84.1 455.9 51.4 -28.5 -5.4 12.9 m • A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. » Figures can not be shown separately without discloi Table 16 shows for the remaining cities having a population of 50,000 or over in 1914 data similar to that shown in the two preceding tables. Table 16 CITY AND ENDUSTKY. Albaitt. Printing and publishing Liquors, malt > Foundry and machine-shop products. Bread and other bakery prodTucts Carsandgeneralshopconstructionand repairs bysteam-railroad companies. Chemicals Binghamton. Tobaccd manufactures Boots and shoes Flour-mill and gristmill products Photographic materials Buffalo. Slaughtering and meat packing Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Automobiles, including, bodies and parts Printing and publishing Soap Mall Liquors, malt Oil, linseed Iron and steel, blast furnaces EOCHESTEK. Clothing, men's, including shirts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Foundry and machine-shop products. Printing and publishing Photographic apparatus and materials. Schenectady. Printing and publishing Bread and other bakery products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Locomotives, not made by raihroad companies Sybacuse. Foundry and machine-shop products. Liquors, malt Typewriters and supplies Automobiles, including bodies and parts Troy. Furnishing goods, men's Shirts Liquors, malt Foundry and machine-shop products. Bread and other bakery products Iron and steel, steelworks and rolling mills Waste Hosiery and knit goods UlICA. Hosiery and knit goods Clothing, men's Liquors, malt Cotton goods, including cotton small wares YONKERS. Fotrndry and machine-shop products. Sugar, refining Carpets and rugs, other than rag Hats, fur-felt Eubber goods, not elsewhere spedfled. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies VALUE OF PRODUCTS: 1914. Amoimt. $3,388,801 3,181,016 1,550,678 1,439,197 (?) 3,043,717 (?) 29,699,660 28,0,68,796 23,733,671 11,469,941 9,021,486 8,834,862 8,074,154 7,962,285 (?) 19,772,793 14,953,471 8,007,460 6,686,170 826,911 590,255 (') 4,501,504 3,533,255 3,593,129 (?) 16,702,773 4,998,588 2,764,434 1,813,687 1,143,743 9,475,541 2,655,802 1,934,642 (») 3,648,406 (») Per cent of total for state. 1.3 3.7 '0.9 1.3 (') 3.5 20.1 30.3 13.7 27.2 3.5 32.1 65.2 9.3 (') 8.3 20.9 4.6 2.6 m 0.3 0.5 (') 2.6 4.1 (') 36.8 12.1 3.2 1.0 1.0 (') 12.1 1.3 2.3 (') 2.1 m Increase', 1909-1914. Amount. $140,159 124,572 196,955 229,328 (') -811,317 (') 4,283,606 8,127,204 2,959,197 1,872,178 1,342,788 181,962 979,408 1,466,736 m 804,285 1,503,316 2,263,496 1,558,260 m 276,505 186,851 (') -1,190,022 1,073,552 -152,266 (') 3,064,028 -1,977,653 358,587 -139,284 419,410 (') 1,421,697 -422,791 641,586 811,884 ■0) ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Buffalo, the second city of importance in the state, pease from 1909 to 1914 of $28,712,482, 988 MANUFACTURES. or 13.1 per cent, in value of products.. In value of manufactures Buffalo ranked eighth among the cities of the United States in 1914, ninth in 1909, and eleventh in 1904. Each of the leading industries of the city shows an increase for the last five years, the greatest gain in value of products, 40.8 per cent, being that for flour-mills and gristmills. Nearly two-thirds of the malt products, over one-third of the flour-mill and gristmill products, and nearly one-third of the soap reported for the state of New York in 1914 was produced in Buffalo. Rochester, the third industrial city of the state, shows an increase in 1914 over 1909 of $28,020,467, or 24.9 per cent, in value of products, and 5,005, or 12.8 per cent, in the average number of wage earners. Measured by value of products, it ranked nineteenth in 1914 among the manufacturing cities in the United States. The manufactures of the city are widely diversified, the combined total of the four leading industries shown separately in Table 16 amounting to only 35.1 per cent of the total value of products for aU manufacturing industries in the city. Rochester is the center of the manufacture of photographic apparatus and materials in the state and outranks all other cities of New York in the production of optical goods. In the manufacture of boots and shoes and buttons it ranks next to New York City. In Yonkers the manufacturing activities are largely centrahzed in three industries, namely, sugar refining, carpets and rugs, and foundry and machine-shop products. For the first two of these industries, how- ever, statistics can not be given without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. The manufactures of Syracuse increased only 5.5 per cent in value in 1914 over 1909. The city has a number of important industries, 13 of which had a value of products exceeding $1,000,000 at the census of 1914. Syracuse leads all cities of the state in the m.anuf acture of typewriters and suppHes and is fourth in the production of malt hquors. Schenectady owes its importance largely to the manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies and steam-railway locomotives. Two estab- lishments were reported for the former industry and one for the latter, but the statistics for neither indus- try can be shown separately. These two industries contributed the bulk of the manufactures for the city, and the combined value of their products increased 29 per cent from 1909 to 1914. The manufactures of Troy were valued at about the same in 1914 as in 1909, but there was a reduction of 2,681 in the number of wage earners employed. Troy is second in the state in the production of men's fur- nishing goods, contributing 36.8 per cent of the total value of such products manufactured in the state in 1914. The importance of this industry is due to collars and cuffs, in which Troy is the recognized center of the country. The 15 estab]§j|^gij^^^|^/\|^/C/'OSO/if® in this branch of manufacture in 1914 reported prod- ucts valued at $16,702,773, which represented 94.3 per cent of the total value of collars and cuffs made in the state and 90.1 per cent of the total in the United States. Utica is one of the leading cities of the state in the manufacture of textiles. In 1914 there were 16 knitting mills, 3 cotton mills, and 1 cordage and twine mill in operation, which together gave employment to 7,202 wage earners and reported products valued at $14,587,353, representing 56.6 per cent and 47.8 per cent of the respective totals for the city. Other industries of importance, as measured by value of products, were men's clothing and malt liquors. Albany, the tenth city in the state in value of manu- factures, shows an increase over 1909 of $2,385,688, or 10.5 per cent, in value of products and a decrease of 490, or 5 per cent, in the average number of wage earners. The manufacturing interests in the city are varied, the most important being printing and pub- fishing, with products valued at $3,388,801 in 1914. Binghamton is the smallest manufacturing city in the state having a population of over 50,000 in 1914, and there are only four industries for which a product valued at more than $1,000,000 was reported in 1916. Table 17 shows the three principal industries in the order of their relative importance, as measured by value of products, in each of the cities having a population of 10,000 but less than 50,000. Table 17 CITY. Principal industries. Hosiery and knit goods. Oil, linseed. Agrioulturalimplements. Boots and shoes. Agricultural implements. Rubber goods, not elsewhere.specifled. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Cotton goods. Hosiery and knit goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Cortland Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. Iron and steel steel works and rolling mills. Dunkirk Hardware. Corsets. Locomotives , not made by railroad companies. Foundry and machine-shop products. Liquors, malt. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Printing and pubUshing. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills. Worsted goods. Paper and wood pulp. Chocolate and cocoa products. Malt. Elmira Fulton Optical goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Clothing, men's. ^inrnsinff<^ Paper and wood pulp. Cement. NEW YORK. 989 :^ Table 17 CITY. Principal industries. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Hosiery and icnit goods. Sill: goods, including throwsters. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam- railroad companies. Hosiery and knit goods. Liquors, malt. Foundry and machine.Bhop products. Iron and steel forgings. Printing and publishing. Bread and other bakery products. ^ Furniture. Worsted goods. Lumber and timber products. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Clothing, men's. Liquors, malt. Iron and steel, steel works and rolUng mills. Iron and steel, blast lumaces. Coke, not including gas-house coke. Hosiery and knit goods. ' liittle Falls Leather, tanned, cru-ried, and finished. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies. Paper and wood pulp . Aatomobile bodies and parts. railroad companies. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Clothing, men's. New Roclielle Bread and other bakery pfoHucts. Silversmi thing and silverware. Lumber and timber products. Printing and publishing. - Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Clothing, men's. Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified. Chemicals. Nlaeara Falls .... North Tonawanda — ^ . Aluminum ware. Foodpreparations, not elsewhere specified. Limiber and timber products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Hosiery and knit goods. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Olean SiUc goods, including throwsters. Foimdry and machine-shop products. Petroleum, refining. Oneonta Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Silk goods. Including throwsters. Patent medicines and compounds. nwrfniTig ... Wire. Printing and pubUshing. Food preparations, not elsewherespecified. Matches. Starch. PeekskUl Plattsburg Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Clothing, women's. Automobile bodies and parts. Port Chester Paper and wood pulp. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified. Iron andsteel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. Foundry and machine-shop products. Dairymen's,poultrymen's,andapiarists'suppUes. Agricultural implements. Clothing, men's. Felt goods. ^i.^fn\ The greater part of the value of the manufactured products of the district was reported by factories within the central city. New York City contains nearly three-fourths (73.5 per cent) of the estimated population of the district, and contributed more than two-thirds (66.9 per cent) of the value of products in 1914. The corresponding percentages for 1909 were 73.6 per cent and 68.3 per cent, respectively, which indicates that the increase in population and in the manufactm-es of the central city have not kept pace with the growth of the district as a whole. In 1914 the manufacturing estaMishments of New York City constituted over four-fifths (81.4 per cent) of all in the district, and gave employment to nearly seven- tenths (69.5 percent) of the wage ea: New York City, Newark was the leading city within the district both in value of products and in popula- tion, its products representing 6.1 per cent .and its population 5.4 per cent of the total for the metro- politan district. The population of the district, outside the cities and towns for which separate figures are given, was 4.7 per cent of the total for the district, and the value ' of manufactures produced in this territory formed 4.9 per cent of the value of the products for the district. The 23 cities and towns exclusive of New York City, for which separate statistics are shown in the table, reported 28.3 per cent of the' total value of products for the district in 1914, and a somewhat ion of the population (21.8 per cent). NEW YORK. 991 Table 18 The district New York City District exclusive of New York City, total — Mount Vernon New Kochelle Yonkeirs Bayonne Bloomfield East Orange -^. Elizabeth Englewood Hackensack - Harrison Hoboken Irvington Jersey City Kearny Montclair Newark Orange Passaic Paterson Perth Amboy Union West Hoboken West New York Kemainder Per cent New York City is of total for district. STIMMAET FOB NEW YOEK METBOPOLITAN DISTEICT: 1914. Population.' 7,257,385 5,333,539 1,923,846 35,047 34,893 93,383 65,271 17,372 39,852 82,411 11,487 16,011 16,160 74,994 14,697 293,921 21,967 24,782 389,106 31,968 66,276 134,305 38,265 23,588 40,647 17,093 340,350 73.5 Number of estab- lish- ments. 36,410 29,621 6,789 133 61 186 121 57 51 184 , 19 43 52 258 74 770 51 2,275 72 195 735 128 75 189 98 920 81.4 Persons engaged in manufacture. Total. 1,031,815 732, 790 299,025 1,720 1,061 14, 172 11,900 4,106 2,610 14,296 135 895 8,616 10,756 1,109 37,338 5,679 479 74,964 2,437 18,734 34, 447 10,656 1,702 3,839 3,024 34,650 71.0 Proprie- tors and firm members. Salaried employees 37,239 31,411 5,828 130 65 174 90 46 54 131 15 38 227 652 40 1,940 67 169 73 206 96 753 Wage earn- ers {aver- age number). 152, 473 116,100 36,373 244 126 1,348 1,660 607 1,295 29 91 1,176 1,239 125 5,665 445 58 9,940 244 1,423 2,900 1,252 150 179 593 4,701 76.1 842, 103 585, 279 256, 824 1,346 870 12,650 10,150 3,177 1,949 12,870 91 766 7,404 921 31,021 6,094 382 63,084 2,126 17,142 30,925 9,202 1,479 3,454 2,335 29,096 69.6 Primary horse power. 1,068,118 550,962 617, 156 1,777 781 20,329 33,323 8,363 3,379 25,520 296 1,343 15,931 14,429 2,700 49,086 10,409 1,132 100,466 2,906 31, 701 34,017 48,968 2,998 2,299 2,455 102,668 51.6 Capital. 52,619,380,720 1,626,104,314 993,276,406 2,683,600 1,761,166 69, 409, 115 92,761,853 8,793,039 6,617,670 32,223,917 256,845 1,965,158 29,212,479 19,771,196 2,519,052 160,782,931 16,694,259 2,177,229 214,169,257 4,653,579 48,659,293 74,160,608 61,814,034 9,989,142 6,200,968 8,651,316 138,668,711 62.1 The district New York City District exclusive of New York City, total . Mount Vernon New Bochelle Yonkers Bayonne Bloomfield East Orange Ehzabeth ; Englewood Hackensack Harrison : Hoboken Irvington Jersey City ^ Kearny Montclair Newark Orange ' Passaic - Paterson Perth Amboy Union West Hoboken West New Y ork Remainder Per cent New York City is of total for district SlIMMAET FOB NEW YOEK METEOPOUTAN DISTEICT: 1914. Salaries and wages. Total. $711,085,669 J510,710,612 200,376,057 1,135,019 678, 413 8, 197, 577 9,336,827 2, 865, 729 li 978, 434 10,111,302 72,608 568,902 5,986,663 7,445,330 692, 197 25,828,623 3,915,209 298, 782 51,364,489 1,650,397 10,662,578 20,336,615 6,754,925 1, 160, 127 2,140,452 2,121,026 25, 172, 833 71.8 Salaries. S206, 194, 596 153,213,001 62,981,696 292, 974 111,544 1,742,790 2,562,612 1,222,049 848, 049 1,913,794 21,651 148, 180 1,383,368 1,777,222 165,330 8,177,783 719,531 71,664 14, 717, 174 372, 543 2,513,133 4, 141, 719 1,849,287 293,394 230, 175 718,548 6,997,191 74.3 Wages. $604,891,073 367,497,611 147,393,462 842,045 566,869 6,464,787 6,774,315 1,643,680 1, 130, 385 8, 197, 508 50,957 420, 722 4,603,295 5,668,108 536,867 17, 650, 840 3, 196, 678 227, 128 36,647,316 1,277,854 8,049,445 16,194,896 4,905,638 866,733 1,910,277 1, 402, 478 18,175,642 70.8 Paid for con- tract work. $69,567,824 61,394,677 8, 173, 147 13,052 1,325 129, 172 270,613 38,428 1,400 66,523 143,972 27,513 324,218 3,890 532, 167 42,208 10, 134 1,114,795 7,682 234, 180 4,081,546 17, 762 193,929 386, 824 236, 359 297, 456 88.3 Bent and taxes. $98,229,554 78, 545, 881 19, 683, 673 69, 060 38,490 283, 302 846, 605 65,152 46, 675 493, 966 6,199 18, 333 314, 107 622,085 40,009 6,982,997 124, 784 42,993 5,236,053 131,967 384, 279 1,502,382 579,834 270,^365 211,593 114, 981 1,259,462 80.0 Cost of materials. 81,984,842,079 1, 229, 154, 705 756,687,374 1,284,217 852,571 52, 108, 356 77,708,674 3, 359; 537 2,389,094 16,307,134 111,472 1, 062, 246 7,367,581 10,706,350 5,923,485 111,782,059 8, 754, 620 992,657 113,438,455 1,939,050 30,940,336 40,630,189 135,746,315 2,089,813 2,830,326 10,044,683 117,339,254 61.9 Value of products. $3, 428, 223, 160 2,292,831,693 1,135,391,457 3, 167, 173 1,736,198 67,222,673 98, 234, 245 8,367,620 6,406,985 31,228,181 321,161 2, 252, 503 17,960,500 23, 461, 298 7,349,713 164,528,608 16, 419, 840 1,431,768 210,601,047 4,568,321 63,267,859 78,428,639 148,959,944 4, 465, 201 6,601,166 13,960,963 166,469,861 66.9 Value added by manu- facture. $1,443,381,071 1,063,676,988 379,704,083 1,882,966 883,627 16,114,317 20,525,571 4,998,083 3,017,891 14,921,047 209,689 1,200,257 10,602,919 12,764,948 1,426,228- 52, 746, 549 6, 665, 220 439,211 97,162,592 2,619,271 22,327,523 37,798,4.50 13,214,629 2,375,388 3, 770, 840 3,916,280 49, 13C, 597 73.7 1 Estimated population, July 1, 1914. Comfarison with earlier censuses. — Table 19 gives statistics for the New York City metropolitan dis- trict as a whole for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Percent- ages of increase are shown for the territory included in the metropolitan district for the decade and for each five-year period. The figures for 1914 and 1909 are for the "metropolitan" area as defined in the population census of 1910," and those for 1904 are fpi Digitized by Microsoft® 992 MANUFACTURES. the "industrial" area given in connection with the census of manufactures of 1904. The difference in area is slight and does not materially affect the com- parison of the figures given in the table. Table 19 NEW TOEK CITY METEOPOUTAN DISTKICT. PEB CENT OF mCBEASE. 1914 09 1901 1904- 1914 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 17,257,385 36,410 1,031,815 37,239 152,473 842,103 1,068,118 i2, 619, 380, 720 711,085,669 206,194,596 504,891,073 1,984,842,079 3,428,223,150 1,443,381,071 2 6,474,568 31,782 948,706 34,476 125,055 789,175 820,413 2,117,433,047 607,755,267 159,275,011 448,480,266 1,710,324,660 2,970,143,382 1,259,818,722 3 5,294,682 25,257 764,330 28,870 80,472 654,988 578,371 11,572,628,947 436,238,272 94,547,089 341,691,183 1,209,010,634 2,144,488,093 935,477,459 37.1 44.2 35.0 29.0 89.5 28.6 84.7 60.6 63.0 118.1 47.8 64.2 59.9 54.3 12.1 14.5 8.7 8.0 21.9 6.7 30.2 23.7 18.6 29.4 12.6 10.0 15.4 19.6 22.3 Number of estabjish- 25.9 Persons engaged Fropriet o r 3 and firm members Salaried employees- . Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower. . Capital 24.1 19.4 35.6 20.4 41.8 34.6 Salaries and wages 39.3 68.4 Wages 31.2 Cost f materials Value of products Value added by manufact'ire (value ol products less cost ofmaterials) 41.5 .38.5 34.7 1 Estimated July 1, 1914. ' Apr. 15, 1910. ' State census June 1, 1903. The relative increase in all items, for which com- parative figures are given in the table, was smaller during the last half of the decade than during the first. From 1909 to 1914 the population increased 12.1 per cent and the value of products 15.4 per cent, while for the decade the corresponding percentages were 37.1 and 69.9, respectively. The proportion of the population of the outside territories increased from 24.2 per cent of the total in 1904 to 26.5 per cent in 1914, while the value of products increased from 28.8 per cent of the total in 1904 to 33.1 percent in 1914. Oomparative summary, by industries. — ^Table 20 gives statistics, for 1914 and 1909, for the industries of the district having products valued at $10,000,000 or more so far as separate figures can be presented. The total for all industries combined in the area under consideration shows an increase in every field of operation, and the same general increase is shown in a majority of the individual industries. The num- ber of factories opera ting in thedistrict in 1914 was4,628 in excess of the number reported in 1909, but wage earners increased only 6.7 per cent and value of prod- ucts 15.4 per cent. Clothing shows the greatest actual gain in value of products, $51,093,076, or 10.3 per cent, and is followed by printing and pubhshing, with an in- crease of $36,474,659, or 18.8 per cent. The largest relative increase was 119.5 per cent, for food prepara- tions. The greatest actual decrease was $10,622,877, or 2.6 per cent, in fur goods, due to the depression in the industry in 1914. Table 20 COMPARATIVE SUMMAKT FOB THE NEW TOEK CITT METEOPOUTAN DISTBICT, BY SELECTED INDUSTBIE3: 19U AND 1909. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. the Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost Of materials. Value of products. DIDUSTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sal- aried em- ploy- ees. Wage earn- ers (aver- age num- ber.) Value added by manu- facture. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 36,410 31, 782 1,031,815 1 948,706 37,239 34,476 327 431 152,473 125,055 842,103 789,175 1,068,118 820,413 12,619,380,720 2,117,433,047 »206,194,596 159,275,011 $504,891,073 448,480,256 $1,984,842,079 1,710,324,660 $3,428,223,160 2,970,143,382 $1,443,381,071 1,259,818,722 Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes. 372 328 9,018 9,867 898 906 7,793 8,530 417 216 7,235,357 7,989,321 1,128,270 1,026,438 3,373,445 3,459,096 8,170,618 12,268,957 16,467,885 21,197,040 8,297,267 8,928,083 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 183 73 5,336 3,183 126 38 971 406 4,239 2,739 5,969 2,066 11,136,603 5,835,500 1,364,142 617,776 2,938,555 2,051,508 6,525,819 3,267,755 13,442,335 7,768,871 6,916,516 4,501,116 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 227 197 13,142 10,785 229 206 1,004 911 11,909 9,668 5,367 3,062 15,723,531 10,331,048 1,419,811 1,169,679 7,276,200 5,181,342 17,579,985 11,654,728 31,559,026 21,331,290 13,979,041 9,676,562 Boses, fancy and paper 1914 1909 259 244 13,262 9,882 231 271 1,125 672 11,906 8,939 6,227 2,640 14,146,243 6,124,236 1,481,241 758,541 4,822,199 3,422,516 7,970,978 5,031,960 18,154,175 11,664,690 10,183,197 6,632,730 Brass, bronze, and copper products. 1914 1909 202 221 5,636 6,658 197 211 663 629 4,776 4,818 8,324 7,083 10,649,022 9,254,024 857,203 834,085 3,000,367 2,869,378 7,706,469 7,016,892 14,243,673 13,899,127 6,537,204 6,882,235 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 1914 1909 3,388 3,188 31,2.56 25,624 3,673 3,566 3,370 2,840 24,312 19,218 16,100 8,206 57,258,448 31,867,231 3,148,120 2,339,594 16,282,735 12,988,285 52,497,387 47,302,360 97,600,367 77,472,491 45,102,980 50,170,141 Oars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 1914 1909 27 15 81 68 7,666 7,220 8,281 6,233 18 18 621 693 1,431 1,010 7,045 6,527 6,832 5,205 10,176 6,310 20,755 15,043 7,657,347 4,549,246 43,728,460 30,592,316 629,548 539,632 2,409,472 1,821,533 4,900,576 3,975,199 4,635,849 3,201,333 4,754,433 4,478,889 24,248,026 19,465,937 10,594,010 9,362,154 39,989,145 31,453,662 5,839,577 4,883,265 15,741,119 11,987,725 1914 1909 6,229 5,688 201,511 196,477 8,829 8,191 21,503 19,243 171, 179 169,043 26,714 19,913 188,956,417 175,352,535 25,916,047 21,653,203 97,334,612 94,590,471 282,258,418 262,631,212 646,682,210 495,589,134 264,423,792 232,957,922 Confectionery 1914 1909 244 166 11,550 8,717 221 153 1,422 1,169 9,907 7,395 11,554 7,128 19,907,501 11,329,870 1,849,254 1,432,917 4,091,604 2,710,620 19,076,906 14,336,920 32,110,714 23,297,461 13,033,808 8,960,541 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. 1914 1909 636 614 16,886 16,202 607 572 1,859 1,480 14,420 14,150 11,494 9,248 33,811,024 30,549,065 2,499,696 1,848,360 8,572,553 8,217,995 20,272,307 17,343,960 38,004,569 32,831,045 17,732,262 15,487,085 Electrical machinery, appara^ tus, and supplies. 1914 1909 225 224 22,555 19,731 91 97 4,391 3,124 18,073 16,510 22,159 17,657 52,855,189 39,639,581 5,903,796 3,792,667 9,963,168 8,846,952 26,065,337 21,017,199 61,989,150 42,925,196 25,923,813 21,907,997 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified. / 1914 1909 300 186 5,423 4,792 300 208 m, 833 4,290 2,045 ■M / A/ 5,551,398 6,960,52'i 1,038,053 785,449 2,072,046 1,859,443 4,956,647 3,660,942 10,281,694 8,694,052 6,325,047 5,043 110 NEW YORK. 993 Table 2 Estimated July 1, 1914. In 1914 the metropolitan district had 2,454 establish- ments, which gave employment to an average of 81,985 persons during the year, 66,977 being wage earners, andpaid out $61,125,378 in salaries and wages. These establishments manufactured products to the value of $298,963,864, to produce which materials costing $192,- 198,749 were utilized. The value added by manu- facture was thus $106,765,115. The greater part of the value of manufactured products of the district was reported by factories within the central city. Buffalo contained over four- fifths (85.8 per cent) of the population of the district, of which it is the manufacturing, commerciaL and financial center, and contributed 82jQffoi' eii^CifQife' value of products. Its manufacturing establishments constituted 90.7 per cent of the total for the district and gave employemnt to 81.2 per cent of the average number of wage earners. North Tonawanda, which contained 2.5 per cent of the population of the dis- trict, contributed 3.4 per cent of the total value of products. The average value of products per estab- lishment was less in Buffalo than in North Tona- wanda, or in the district outside, the averages being $111,243 for Buffalo, $135,680 for North Tonawanda, and $267,142 for the district outside. The group of towns or parts or townships and cities not shown separately represented 11.7 per cent of the J total popjJation of the district and contributed 13.9 M^Q^O&me value of products. NEW YORK. 995 Comparison with earlier censuses. — ^Table 22 gives statistics for the Buffalo district for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Percentages of increase are shown for the territory included in the metropolitan district for the decade and for each five-year period. Table 22 Population Number ot establishments Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees. . . Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Cost of materials Value ol products Value added by manu- facture (value ol prod- ucts less cost of mate- rials) BUFFALO METROPOLITAN DISTKICT. 1914 3 528,987 2,451 81,985 2,076 12,932 66,977 361,808 1317,593,836 61,125,378 17,604,835 43,520,543 192,198,749 298,963,864 106,765,115 1909 = 488,661 1,964 75,086 1,638 9,876 63,572 322,280 $280,052,887 47,363,003 11,190,444 36,172,559 180,458,300 279,852,346 99,394,046 1904 < 423, 390 1,631 56,287 1,639 5,864 48,794 172,688 {188,384,845 31,072,320 6,278,393 24,795,927 102,623,748 168,111,658 65,487,910 PEE CENT OF INCBEASE.l 1904- 1914 50.5 45.7 26.7 120.9 37 109.5 84.5 96.7 180.5 75.5 87.3 77.8 63.0 1909- 1914 8.3 26.7 30.9 5.4 12.3 24.1 29.1 57.3 20.3 6.5 6.8 7.4 1904- 1909 15.4 20.4 33.4 -0.1 68.7 30.3 86.6 48.7 52.4 78.3 45.9 75.8 66.5 51.8 ' A minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease. ! Estimated population July 1, 1914. ' Apr. 15, 1910. * State census, June 1, 1905. There were 490 more establishments in the district in 1914 than in 1909, but the number of wage earners had increased only 5.4 per cent and the value of prod- ucts only 6.8 per cent. Each item presented in the table shows an increase for the decade and for each of the five-year periods, except proprietors and firm members. The increases were uniformly greater dur- ing the five-year period 1904-1909 than 1909-1914, with the exception of the number of establishments and of proprietors and firm members. Comparative summary, hy industries. — Table 23 gives statistics, for 1914 and 1909, for the industries of the district having products valued at $1,000,000 or more, so far as separate figures can be presented. Of the 23 industries shown separately in the table, slaughtering and meat packiag ranked highest in value of products, with 9.9 per cent of the total reported for all industries in the district, followed by flour mills and gristmills, with 9.4 per cent, and foimdry and machine shops, with 9 per cent. The first two of these industries are confined exclusively to Buffalo. There were 20 additional industries, having a value of prod- ucts valued at $1,000,000 and over, omitted from this table, because they could not be shown separately in 1914 without disclosing the operations of individual establishments, or because comparative figures were not available. Table 23 All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Blacking and cleansing and polish- ing preparations, Boots and shoes, including cut .stock. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothmg Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Furniture and refrigerators. Jewelry , BUFFALO METKOPOHTAN DISTRICT: 1914 AND 1909. Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1989 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber ol estab- lish ments. 2,454 1.954 116 111 16 114 114 111 125 118 257 203 114 17 175 174 140 73 111 19 120 112 283 168 Persons engaged in the • industry. Total. 81,985 75,086 4,102 3,640 428 287 704 722 1,282 1,591 2,319 1,848 3,699 3,474 2,695 2^336 2,261 1,912 842 534 403 12,278 11,118 2,267 2,347 438 401 Pro- prie- ■ tors and firm mem- bors. 2,076 1,638 257 195 154 78 206 100 1 Excludes statistics for establishments located outside of the ments are included under the head of "all other industries." Salar ried em- ploy- 12,932 9,876 965 583 180 147 53 55 107 48 100 55 479 261 281 284 235 268 322 265 283 325 -159 139 2,128 1,178 272 270 90 81 Wage earn- ers (aver- age num- ber). 66,977 63,572 3,117 3,044 237 136 653 1,168 1,5.38 347 1,583 1,392 3,418 3,190 2,369 1,986 1,785 1,569 749 507 356 251 9,944 9,840 1,972 2,052 316 Pri- mary horse- power. 2,726 1,955 8,645 11,473 1,365 861 23,366 13,161 3,351 2,846 Capital. $347,593,836 280,052,887 11,806,117 9,300,037 1,066,202 942,202 1,214.147 909,755 1,803,428 844,500 1,870,100 1,046,601 4,825,208 4,478,564 3,628,927 2,390,773 2,331,109 2,757,019 5,821,282 4,146,847 8,551,873 5,510,380 1,628,049 1,355,600 35,597,016 22,812,333 4,322,768 4,083,497 1,513,085 1, .307, 483 Salarieis. 1,113,711 283,056 209,596 123,055 47,914 55,264 114,858 63,163 156,047 71,657 511,624 251,023 239,979 218,579 238,497 244,601 469,062 288,640 331,736 333,786 188,284 158,826 3,129,649 1,494,641 390, .516 311,618 119,794 $43, 520, 543 36,172,559 2,510,596 2,199,567 110,511 66,554 312,613 267, 136 412, 236 388,653 478,501 210,942 959,176 749,587 2,395,068 1,938,340 993,176 782,677 1,114,607 864,560 562,167 342,145 211,020 118,295 7,051,023 5,766,209 1,055,574 1,036,648 191,230 173,650 Cost of materials. 957, 124 834,868 762,476 393,932 2,429,905 1,141,075 3,684,277 3,441,903 2,834,344 2,276,958 2,271,096 2,361,820 2,030,383 2,290,255 25,037,011 17,825,995 2,559,232 1,696,441 12,408,802 10,247,358 1,965,750 2,155,903 344,156 386,255 Value of products. 11,469,941 9,597,763 1,637,361 963,586 1,499,457 1,355,821 1,586,341 1,0^7,986 3,399,130 1,790,549 6,7*3,508 5,720,259 5,507,262 4,524,448 4,574,549 4,712,682 4,434,767 4,166,751 28,068,796 20,358,557 4,117,187 2,715,323 26,968,240 23,549,910 4,018,447 4,184,964 1,125,359 979,250 Value added by manufac- ture. $106, 76.5, 115 99,394,046 5, 440, 598 5,002,108 , 927,604 552,447 542,333 520,953 823,865 674,053 969,225 649,474 3,049,231 2,278,356 2,672,918 2,247,490 2,303,453 2,350,862 2,404,384 1,876,496 3,031,785 2,532,562 1,557,955 1,018,882 14,559.438 13,302,552 2,052,697 2,029,061 781,203 593,995 idividual operations. The figures for these establish- 996 MANUFACTURES. Table 23— Continued. Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Malt Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. . . Soap All other industries ^ , ■, . . BOTFALO METROPOLITAN DISTBICT; 1914 AND 1909. Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. 116 116 1101 67 225 176 143 139 1,004 878 Persons engaged in the in- dustry. Total. 645 609 501 579 1,166 - 828 2,250 3,047 357 362 736 618 4,297 4,103 2,066 1,929 1,814 1,592' 33,305 30,084 Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. 195 142 829 745 Sala- ried em- ploy- ees. 208 155 341 287 360 316 1,025 791 419 232 4,388 3,708 Wage earn- ers (aver- age num- , ber). 531 509 455 513 95S 673 1, 869 2,711 283 300 252 3,077 3,170 1,610 1,662 1,465 1,360 28,088 25,631 Pri- mary horse- power. 567 460 1,825 1,297 5,248 4,888 8,393 11,029 5,219 3,862 403 374 3,849 3,636 4,960 3,743 2,890 2,489 274,393 247,666 Capital. a, 476, 542 937, 585 3,915,449 3,058,110 19,423,951 12,783,514 8,574,636 6,383,495 8,178,488 15,471,572 1,813,435 1, 161, 646 7,372,463 6,842,971 10,647,262 7,270,613 15,636,414 7, 256, 506 184,575,885 157,001,384 Salaries. $133,267 96,134 71,013 85,065 412,529 347,094 295,421 , 204,823 144j429 . 314,400 216,608 1,291,022 807,258 695,395 329,310 508,811 214,556 6,344,075 4,592,178 Wages. $285,776 262, 166 267,704 246,027 787,401 536,338 1,147,860 1,452,301 275,968 221, 795 152,835 102,118 2,209,986 1,973,911 1,004,267 963,210 865,537 544,692 18,175,711 14,965,238 Cost of materials. $638,361 620,546 2,959,699 2,193,954 "2,603,283 1,480,712 5,606.457 6,402,776 6, .597, 960 5,656,794 67.5', 740 438,922 3,064,539 2,399,934 27,379,114 21,788,626 6, 145, 363 5,760,070 72,514,577 83,757,409 Value of products. $1,336,421 1,129,321 3, 830, 676 2,808,993 7,962,285 6,' 496, 549 8, 175, ,514 9,321,233 8,074,154 7,094,746 3,336,112 2,953,515 9,314,992 7,842,910 29,699,660 25,416,064 8,834,862 8,662,900 113,259,943 122,448,277 Value added by manufao- ture. 1698,060 608,775 870,877 615,039 6,359,002 5,015,837 2,569,0.57 2,918,457 1,476,194 1,437,952 2,659,372 2,614,593 6,260,463 6,442,976 2,320,646 3,627,428 2,689,499 2,892,830 40,745,366 > Excludes statistics for establishments located outside of the corporate limits of Buffalo, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures for these estab- lishments are included under the head of "all other industries." Character of ownership. — Table 24 presents sta- tistics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises of New York. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904 ; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opgrations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 34 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABUSHMENTS OWHBD BY— INDUSTKY AND CITT. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. AH industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 26,031 25,407 22,081 11,774 9,345 6,086 10,398 10,183 9,027 1,057,857 1,003,981 856,947 168,237 194,240 186,317 698,771 589,771 454,396 190,849 219,970 216,234 15.9 19.3 21.7 66.1 58.7 63.0 18.0 21.9 25.2 $3,814,661,114 3,369,490,192 2,488,345,579 $503,989,016 552,350,324 443,142,6-^7 12,617,020,953 2,108,026,670 1,396,924,211 1687,651,146 709, 113, 198 648,278,681 13.4 16.4 17.8 68.6 62.6 56.1 18.0 21.0 26.1 Agricultural implements. 14 19 29 28 7 10 6,392 5,717 90 145 6,263 5,519 39 53 1.7 2.5 97.6 96.6 0.7 0.9 14,676,694 14,970,980 187,918 271,450 14,137,363 14,454,222 251,413 245,308 1.3 1.8 97.0 96.6 1.7 1.6 Articial flowers and feath- ers and plumes. 1914 1909 210 172 63 36 96 111 7,715 8,493 2,539 3,102 2,260 1,702 2,916 3,689 32.9 36.5 29.3 20.0 37.8 43.4 16,465,637 21,161,525 6,439,417 6,094,110 4,901,586 5,630,185 6,114,634 9,437,230 33.1 28.8 29.8 26.6 37.2 44.6 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 79 23 135 73 33 17 12,122 9,861 513 413 11,379 9,190 230 258 4.2 4.2 93.9 93.2 1.9 2.6 42,115,276 30,979,527 1,338,142 1,003,804 39,388,166 29,288,894 1,388,978 686,829 3.2 3.2 93.6 94.5 3.3 2.2 Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- 1914 1909 136 148 111 87 62 61 27,561 21,627 2,590 2,602 15,417 11,870 9,654 7,155 9.4 12.0 65.9 64.9 34.7 33.1 71,412,755 48,185,914 5,659,013 5,359,600 38,246,489 25,292,162 27,507,253 17,534,162 7.9 11.1 53.6 62.5 38.5 36.4 Boxes, fancy and paper.. 1914 1909 116 138 135 82 80 96 14,192 11,638 2,392 3,464 9,985 5,774 1,816 2,300 16.9 30.0 70.4 50.0 12.8 19.9 21,692,085 14,233,672 3,543,072 4,294,307 15,453,880 6,757,156 2,695,133 3,182,209 16.3 30.2 71.2 47.5 12.4 22.4 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 3,630 3,542 203 125 416 311 27,002 21,357 12,273 12,362 12,466 7,049 2,263 1,946 45.6 57.9 46.2 33.0 8.4 9.1 109,227,959 86,232,985 48,684,066 51,522,487 51,033,433 26,100,614 9,510,460 8,609,884 44.6 59.7 46.7 30.3 8.7 10.0 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk 1914 1909 608 893 237 208 299 461 3,235 2,866 559 616 2,228 1,541 448 709 17.3 21.5 68.9 63.8 13.8 24.7 43,262,309 42,468,345 11,485,976 12)793,485 24,256,476 18,521,508 7,619,858 11,143,352 26.5 30.1 56.1 43.6 17.4 26.2 Canning and preserving. . 1914 1909 677 475 129 126 181 189 8,757 7,075 1,796 1,692 5,992 4,609 969 874 20.5 23.9 68.4 63.7 11.1 12.4 25,944,634 19,038,735 4,284,482 4,670,491 19,120,521 11,795,831 2,539,6.31 2,572,413 16.5 24.5 73.7 62.0 9.8 13.5 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 431 414 63 65 120 131 3,911 6,116 1,700 2,116 1,509 3,084 702 916 43.5 34.6 38.6 50.4 17.9 16.0 8,759,119 13,292,531 3,615,157 4,434,217 3,805,221 7,252,664 1,438,741 1,605,750 40.1 33.4 43.4 64.6 16.4 12.1 Chemicals 1914 1909 10 I2I 57 58 3 4 7,780 '5,746 1167 105 7,613 5,629 i2 2.1 1.8 97.9 98.0 '6.'2 42,876,880 35,346,072 11,440,942 749,025 41,435,938 34,522,829 3.4 2.1 96.6 97.7 74,2i8 0.2 1 Includes the group "all otl Digitize' ■IS," to ^oid disclosure, iicroso Ividual operations. NEW YORK. 997 Table 24— Continued. AVEUAGE NTJMBEE OF WAGE EAENEKS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS INDU3TET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. OWNED BY— In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Total. Total. Indi- Cor- All Indi- Cor- All Indi- Cor- All Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. Indi- Cor- All vid- pora- tions oth- vid- pora- oth- vid- pora^ oth- All others. vid- pora^ oth- uals ers. uals. tions. ers. uals tions. ers. uals tions ers. Clothing, men's, includ- 1914 1,350 250 1,027 81,370 22,758 25,182 33,430 28.0 30.9 41.1 $238,626,691 $42,946,453 $73,106,830 8122,674,408 18.0 30.6 61.4 ing slurts. - 1909 1,648 216 1,119 91,363 30,630 22,913 37,820 33.6 25.1 41.4 266,075,427 51,761,642 66,207,030 148,106,755 19.5 24.9 65.7 Clothing, women's 1914 1,671 510 1,654 108,393 32,795 24,414 51,184 30.3 22.5 47.2 346,315,642 98,794,029 78,637,389 167,884,224 28.6 22.8 48.6 1909 1,470 267 1,346 98,104 33,552 16,115 48,437 34.2 16.4 49.4 272,517,792 89,237,866 45,593,696 137,686,240 32.7 16.7 50.5 Confectionery 1914 176 101 72 10 768 2 869 6,419 4,605 1,480 1,922 26.6 59.6 53.7 13.7 34,070,463 25,640,394 8,976,668 6,101,430 20,188,858 13,235,310 4,906,037 6,203,654 26.5 69.; 14.4 1909 105 86 58 8,570 2^043 23^8 22! 4 23.9 61.8 24.3 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 443 212 136 16,040 2,284 12,884 872 14.2 •80.3 5.4 44,821,655 6,476,564 35,964,230 2,380,861 14.4 80.2 6.3 iron products. 1909 357 185 144 14,689 2,176 10,866 1,647 14.8 74.0 11.2 38,452,127 5,723,130 28,814,764 3,914,233 14.9 74.9 10.2 Cotton goods, including 1914 10 31 10 9,127 108 8,655 364 1.2 94.8 4.0 18,464,811 ,421,599 17,135,556 907,657 2.3 92.8 4-9 coiton small wares. 1909 8 33 6 10,663 110 10,244 309 1.0 96.1 2.9 20,351,555 579,535 18,981,258 790,762 2.8 93.3 3.9 Dyeing and finishing 1914 34 43 22 5,514 366 4,784 364 6.6 86.8 6.6 16,302,576 1,167,860 13,850,983 1,283,733 7.2 85.0 7.9 1909 31 34 16 5,252 422 4,496 334 8.0 85.-6 6.4 9,673,228 1,119,383 6,716,938 1,837,907 11.6 69.4 19.0 Electrical machinery, aj)- 1914 SO 151 14 23,738 553 23,079 106 2.3 97.2 0.4 73,944,708 1,637,412 71,990,474 316,822 2.2 97.4 0.4 paiatus, and su^phes. 1909 52 145 20 18,972 428 18,260 284 2.3 96.2 1.5 49,289,815 1,338,210 47,326,036 625,570 2.7 96.0 1.3 Flour-mill and gristmill 1914 515 130 246 3.070 -650 2,014 406 21.2 65.6 13.2 77,408,764 10, 590, 186 58,721,082 8,097,496 13.7 75.9 10.5 products. 1909 591 121 271 2,990 771 1,751 468 25.8 58.6 15.7 69,802,278 12,859,782 48,012,542 8,929,954 18. 4 68.8 12,8 Food preparations, not 1914 147 93 47 4,031 315 3,301 415 7.8 '81.9 10.3 32,165,811 1,942,421 25,369,882 4,863,608 6.0 78.9 15.1 elsewhere specified. 1909 88 53 36 3,023 263 2,171 589 8.7 71.8 19.5 17,324,076 1,630,683 13,686,749 2,006,644 9.4 79.0 11.6 Foundry and machine- 1914 1,342 1,254 497 66,690 5,951 56,271 4,468 8.9 84.4 6.7 173,429,715 13,429,914 146,807,368 13,192,433 7.7 84.6 7.6 shop products. 1909 731 812 329 64,066 6,809 51,210 6,047 10.6 79.9 9.4 154,370,346 14,728,284 126,936,241 12,705,821 9.5 82.2 8.2 Fur goods ^. 1914 416 62 399 5,904 8,244 1,834 2,693 90^ 3,166 4,320 31 ] 15 3 53.6 52.4 30,312,136 41,301,451 8,289,714 12,246,801 5,499,257 6,800,329 16,623,166 22,264,321 27.3 29.7 18.1 16.5 54.5 53.9 1909 397 47 419 1,231 32! 7 14! 9 Furnishing goods, men's. 1914 152 87 107 17,495 1,615 12,944 2,936 9.2 74.0 16.8 45,385,505 6,382,887 29,001,836 10,000,782 14.1 63.9 22.0 1909 201 56 118 18,186 2,474 11,255 4,457 13.6 61.9 24.5 42,197,117 8,180,665 20,098,441 13,918,011 19.4 47.6 33.0 Furniture and refrigera- 1914 322 286 150 22,153 2,379 16,401 3,373 10.7 74.0 15.2 49,849,300 5,883,596 36,446,065 7,520,640 11.8 73.1 15.1 tors. 1909 287 229 160 20,281 3,296 13,136 3,849 16.3 64.8 19.0 41,928,774 7,714,053 26,136,512 8,078,209 18.4 62.3 19.3 Gas, illuminating and 1914 6 120 5 10,090 4 10,081 5 0.0 99.9 0.0 52,815,589 6,090 62,789,594 19,905 0.0 99.9 0.0 heating. 1909 8 128 5 6,422 7 6,413 2 0.1 90.9 42,346,726 18,405 42,319,897 8,424 99.9 Hats, fur-felt 1914 21 12 g 3,563 344 3 165 54 9. 7 88 8 1.5 12.8 6,637,380 10,218,660 1,187,897 1,558,550 5,268,155 7,029,231 181,328 1,630,879 17.9 1,5.3 1909 24 11 9 5^013 423 3^949 641 8!4 78! 8 79.4 68.8 2.7 16.0 Hosiery and knit goods. . 1914 198 176 109 40,095 3,347 31,610 5,138 8.3 78.8 12.8 78,229,236 6,874,623 62,761,789 8,592,823 8.8 80.2 11.0 1909 131 156 73 35, 950 3,634 25,085 7,231 10.1 69.8 20.1 67,130,296 7,360,501 45,800,063 13,969,732 11.0 68.2 20.8 Jewelry 1914 313 87 166 5,051 1,398 1,795 1,858 27.7 35.5 36.8 21,810,245 5,869,871 6,972,679 8,977,695 26.9 32.0 41.2 1909 277 53 149 5,379 1,714 1,412 2,253 31.9 26.3 41.9 20,362,620 5,891,732 4,887,475 9,583,413 28.9 24.0 47.1 Leather goods 1914 370 98 137 7,473 7,586 1 817 2 748 2 908 24.3 29.3 36.8 34.3 38.9 36.4 21,796,980 20,996,602 5,077,907 5,883,479 7,757,691 7,300,723 fi /i/^i nr^r\ 1909 272 74 137 2^223 2^600 2; 763 8, 961, 382 7,812,400 23.3 28.0 36.6 34.8 41.1 37.2 Leather, taimed, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 30 41 32 33 36 35 5,360 5,688 816 1,133 2,604 2,827 1,940 1,728 15.2 19.9 48.6 49.7 36.2 30.4 36,018,342 27,642,383 3,234,642 3,783,188 17,003,237 14,666,648 16,780,463 9,202,647 9.0 13.7 47.2 53.0 43.8 33.3 Liquors, malt 1914 16 129 8 9,826 675 ?'S!^ 109 6.9 92 .1.1 86,673,426 6,634,825 78,441,471 697, 130 7.7 91.6 0.7 1909 24 143 17 8,731 1,145 7,363 223 13.1 84.3 2.6 77,720,045, 10,989,795 66,444,071 1,286,179 14.1 84.2 1.7 Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 1,013 1,446 378 347 385 470 21,503 27,471 4,263 7,141 13,766 14,801 3,474 5,529 19.8 26.0 64.0 53.9 16.2 20.1 69,748,330 72,629,813 10,126,967 16,730,064 39,907,251 . 42,060,223 9,714,112 13,739,526 16.9 23.1 66.8 58.0 16.3 18.9 Malt 1914 1909 < 5 12 18 17 2 3 533 624 164 106 469 409 9 12.0 20.2 88.0 78.1 "i'A 12,380,622 11,051,078 1733,116 1,174,874 11,647,507 9,717,011 5.9 10.6 94.1 87.9 ■■i59,'i93 "i.'i Marble and stone work. . 1914 282 124 145 4,798 914 2,980 904 19.0 621 18.8 13,324,209 2,806,037 8,081,423 2,437,749 21.1 60.6 18.3 1909 375 106 174 6,939 1,968 3,510 1,461 28.4 60.6 21.1 17,921,286 4,968,149 8,976,080 3,978,056 27.7 60.1 22.2 Mattresses and spring beds. 1914 1909 121 109 32 30 44 29 1,996 1,621 645 608 754 648 697 365 27.3 37.5 37.8 40.0 34.9 22.5 6,496,972 5,898,625 1,946,767 2,328,685 2,460,070 2,208,618 2,090,135 1)361,422 30.0 39.6 37.9 37.4 32.2 23.1 Millinery and lace goods . 1914 1909 637 461 245 128 426 342 26,124 21,078 7,422 6,773 9,327 4,740 9,375 9,565 28.4 32.1 35.7 22.5 35.9 45.4 72,328,666 62,106,200 19,714,010 16,495,172 23,533,026 12,614,396 29,081,520 22,996,632 27.3 31.7 32.5 24.2 40.2 44.1 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909 25 " 55 114 103 21 26 12,602 11,938 629 1,744 11,653 8,582 320 1,612 5.0 14.6 92.5 71.9 2.5 13.5 33,071,781 33,679,953 2,393,702 6,744,849 29,907,739 26,073,679 770,340 2, 861, 625 7.2 17.1 90.4 74.4 2.3 8.5 Paint and varnish. 1914 39 91 20 3,450 300 2,836 314 8.7 82.2 9.1 31,884,421' 2,334,956 26,554,871 2,994,694 7.3 83.3 9 i 1909 36 94 17 3,047 402 2,449 196 13.2 80.4 6.4 28,569,474 3,799,659 22,711,977 2,047,838 13.3 79.5 7.2 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 16 21 119 141 15 16 13,570 12,073 234 273 13,108 11,520 228 280 1.7 2.3 96.6 95.4 1.7 2.3 66,336,681 48,859,610 944,718 957,261 54,642,321 46,927,098 748,642 975,261 1.7 2.0 97.0 96.0 1.3 2.0 Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. 1914 1909 309 295 409 350 88 98 6,699 4,728 675 645 4,609 3,506 415 577 11.8 13.6 80.9 74.2 7.3 12.2 41,796,236 37,343,083 3,443,539 3,808,527 35,495,046 29,496,263 2,857,650 4,038,293 8.2 10.2 84.9 79.0 6.8 10.8 Photographic apparatus and materials. 1914 1909 18 13 38 25 3 4 7,426 4,088 41 88 7,379 3,979 6 21 0.6 2.2 99.4 97.3 0.1 0.6 35,174,339 18,763,929 102,107 293,704 36,057,447 18,406,856 14,785 63,370 0.3 1.6 99.7 98.1 0.3 Printing and publishing. 1914 1909 2,379 2,309 1,643 1,341 784 776 64,020 63,120 10,972 10, 736 47,410 45,044 5,638 7,340 17.1 17.0 74.1 71.4 8.8 11.6 267,268,671 216,946,482 28,541,072 34,420,640 208,953,546 161,017,212 19,774,063 21,608,630 11.1 15.9 81.2 74.2 7.7 9.9 Shipbuilding, including boat buUding. 1914 1909 129 169 39 44 39 42 6,076 5,644 697 981 4,935 4,153 444 510 11.5 17.4 8'l.2 73.6 7.3 9.0 14,195,298 11,417,189, 1,619,349 2,049,969 11,433,607 8,204,107 1,142,342 1,163,113 11.4 18.0 80. 5! 8.0 71.9 10.2 Silk goods. Including throwsters. 1914 1909 39 45 75 84 29 41 11,659 12,903 i,i i^ m ',fe ^A fe 'o§m ) 2, 126, 468 2,606,387 18,665,119 17,816,957 8,469,176 6,096,477 7.3 9.8 63.8 67.2 28.9 23.0 ' I^ess than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 998 MANUFACTURES. Table 24— Continued, INDirsTKY AND CITY. Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap Tobacco manufactures. . . rype' plie writers and sup- ies. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. Total for cities I... Albany Amsterdam AUBUKN Batavia Beacon BmGHAMTON Buffalo COHOES COENING COETLAND DUNKIEK Elmika Fulton Geneva Glens Falls Gloveesville HOENELL Hudson Ithaca Jamestown Johnstown Kingston Little Falls lockpoet Middletown Mount Veenon New Bochelle New Yoek City bronx rorough . . . brooklyn bor- OUGH. MANHATTAN BOE- OUGH. QUEENS BOROUGH . . RIG HMOND BOE- OUGH. NEWBUEGH Niagara Falls North Tonawanda Ogdensburg Olean Oneonta ossining Oswego Peekskill Plattsbueg Poet Chester Poughkeepsie Eensselaer bochestee Eome Saratoga SPRmds Schenectady Syracuse Teoy TJtica "Watertown , Wateevliet White Plains YONKERS Cen- sus year, 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 214 146 20 27 2,443 2,— 19 10 10 14 20,605 NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY — Indi- vid- uals, 273 53 58 28 21 124 1,210 41 25 22 29 76 23 21 36 113 18 25 41 59 57 19 51 49 78 40 15,771 796 3,692 10,661 598 124 67 49 32 38 18 18 22 29 23 13 29 85 22 636 53 25 111 396 181 152 37 20 28 124 Cor- pora- tions, 157 120 9,844 114 35 37 17 13 82 706 47 20 22 49 28 22 28 39 20 16 21 80 17 37 18 45 19 32 9 6,756 1,: 4,849 271 51 10 38 17 15 14 62 10 433 31 20 40 230 119 111 43 14 16 37 All oth- ers. 271 325 8,627 29 28 12 7 39 309 18 13 15 7 20 18 7 17 41 50 24 12 21 9 23 12 7,094 176 1,118 5,677 106 17 10 175 11 6 34 116 64 43 11 16 25 aveeage number of wage eaenees. Total. 6,641 6,110 3,168 2,976 30,489 30, 019 4,446 4,538 8,552 9,460 904,817 9,371 10, 774 6,769 2,457 1,— 7, 54,416 6,781 2,203 2,459 2, 4,870 3,042 1,692 2,532 5,335 2,285 1,423 815 7,794 2,532 3,076 3,823 2,381 2 , — i;346 870 685,279 19,387 140,881 385,902 31,630 7,479 4,318 9,390 3,574 898 2,633 1,337 373 4,331 1,781 822 2,278 4,729 811 44, 113 3,937 17, 707 17, 551 17,421 12, 714 3,148 769 316 12,660 In estahlishments owned hy — Indi- vid- uals. 983 949 140 423 6,763 9,160 110 131 153,298 1,063 248 916 146 157 501 5,373 357 194 48 437 59 96 157 1,218 28 70 205 131 573 282 97 206 327 246 177 126,839 2,526 26,748 95,267 2,672 627 230 169 142 168 134 60 124 647 127 53 59 496 49 5,745 233 63 264 2,406 595 676 100 81 Cor- pora- tions. 5,023 4,— 3,024 2,243 19,262 14,256 4,288 4,343 7,017 7,931 677,577 6,448 8,436 4 — 2; 170 1,123 6,360 45,708 6,190 1,947 2,299 2,934 4,307 2,983 1,560 2,106 1,837 2,231 1,312 511 6,466 614 2,271 3,401 1,997 1,353 782 612 312, 747 14,416 89,653 175,697 26-, 487 6,694 3,738 9,074 3,432 704 2,342 1,170 249 3,513 1,494 703 2,167 3,971 762 34,443 786 17,263 13, 713 13,823 10,215 2,987 676 218 12, 123 All oth- ers. 635 937 4' 310, 4,464' 6,603) 48 • 64 1,121 1,433 173,942 1,860 2,090 164 141 387 3,335 234 62 112 19 126 2,280 26 41 99 1,198 1,345 523 325 178 309 318 81 146,693 2,446 26,480 115,038 2,471 258 350 157 157 117 171 160 52 262 3,925 76 20 180 1,432 3,003 1,823 61 2 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- 14. 8 75. 15.5 69.1 4.4 14.2 22.2 30.5 2.5 2.9 4.8 1.0 16.9 11.3 2.3 15.9 5.9 8.7 6.9 9.9 6.2 8.8 2.0 1.2 9.0 1.9 5.7 6.2 22.8 1.2 4.9 25.2 1.7 22.6 9.2 2.5 16.4 18.3 20.3 21.7 13.0 18.3 24.7 8.4 8.4 5.3 1.7 4.0 18.7 5.1 3.7 33.2 14.9 7.1 6.4 2.6 10.5 6.0 13.0 5.9 7.2 1.6 13.7 3.4 6.3 3.2 10.7 31.0 3.3 95.5 76.4 63.2 47.5 96.4 95.7 82.1 83.8 78.3 81.3 88.3 62.2 87.7 84.0 89.8 88.4 93.6 98.2 88.4 98.1 91.6 83.2 34.4 97.6 92.2 62.7 82.9 24.2 73, 89.0 83.9 68.0 58.1 70.3 53.4 74.4 63.6 45.6 83.7 88.2 96.6 96.0 78.4 88.9 87.5 66.8 81.1 83, 85.5 95.1 84.0 94.0 78.1 92.2 90.4 97.5 78.1 79.3 80.3 94.9 89.1 69.0 95.8 All oth- ers. 15.3, 0.1 10.4 14.6 22.0 13.1 15.1 19.2 19.8 19.4 2.8 5.7 29.1 6.3 6.1 4.0 2.8 4.6 0.6 2.6 2.7 10.6 42.7 1.1 2.9 12.1 15.4 63.1 17.0 -8.5 7.5 15.6 23. 12.6 18.1 29.8 7.8 3.4 8.1 1.7 2.9 6.0 3.9 9.0 8.0 2.3 6.5 1.9 2.3 1.0 8.2 17.2 14.3 1.9 0.3 VALUE OF PEODUCTS. Total. $148,105,669 127,130,061 27,526,199 23,682,977 88,079,588 76,661,562 12,252,046 10, 298, r-"" 21,098,096 23,739,421 3,319,199,163 25,211,390 22,474,691 16,686,249 5,339,782 3,519,574 ■ 18,359,516 247,516,476 11,706,461 3,954,226 6,437,659 8,366,767 12,597,024, 9,571,962) 5,240,962, 6,635,019 13,384,213 4,847,694 3,736,941 2,243,892 17,961,429 6,788,636 6,446,455 9,927,246 8,954,931 4,442,792 3, 167, 173 1, 736, 198] 2,292,831,693 58, 708, 792 515,302,755 1,519,143,429 164,789,481 34,887,236 9,986,664 44,816,698 10,040,356 3,401,045 11,677,282 I 2,372,506 1, 120, 081 12,650,095 8,301,092 1,883,867 . I 6,741,228 12,791,326 2,755,418 140,696,682 16,730,078 2,893,451 48,762,807 62, 163, 940 39, 929, 850 30,490,235| 9,284,272' 1,611,601 990, 166 67,222,673 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. $18,241,291 17,134,— 1, 695, 793 2,932,231 13,972,319 18,038,101 548,464 645,917 1,433,037 200,029 457,870,927 3,172,376 739,859 1,603,755 367,048 564,593 1,182,488 18,473,036 884,095 418,861 168,974 147, 524 1,119,671 270,356 269,488 448,584 2,694,673 96, 695 182,808 581,804 365, 505 1,252,154 1,047,407 438,602 481,759 1,048,911 611,322 407,252 388,966,620 8,122,494 61,770,252 307,836,829 7,995,836 3,232,209 649,968 537,920 462,390 493,861 735, 146 177,670 200, 039 1,526,619 291,800 150,679 249,586 1,583,733 462,229 9, 178,809 478,462 213,763 934, 742 5,639,468 1,769,487 1,844,968 274,952 210, 648 282, 494 1,656,504 Corpora- tions. $113,530,919 84,830,929 25,793,857 18,707,939 62,864,402 42,158,875 11,494,222 9,468,618 17,258,368 19,766,276 2,238,428,769 17,600,280 16,778,410 14,685,229 4,585,041 2,066,711 16,219,899 215,706,567 10,509,793 3,421,377 5,616,223 8,137.304 11,090,506 9,301,606 4,883,616 5,473,623 5,571,117 4,640,127 3,432,282 1,470,350 16, 256, 562 1,640,237 4,805,530 8, 030, 126 8, 055, 100 2, 752, 130 1,921,065 1,165,240 1,355,'755,281 44,872,927 359,267,667 770,663,104 149,817,936 31,1.«,657 622,899,467 4,438,734 4,956,422 397,265 387,693 888,270 957,129 13,336.883 312, 673 ■ 113,998 652,462 81,939 386,847 8,784.892 43,440,770 9,577,966 2,789,800 10,480,172 1,489,912 920,042 10,797,381 7,687,497 1,572,804 All others $16,333,449 25,164,429 36,549 1,942,807 11,242,867 16,464,676 209,360 283,603 2,406,691 3,773,116 87,858 612,812 5,218,423 110,872 121, 861 221, 738 2,339,362 3,896,245 592, 518 1,458,518 418, 072 641, 761 634,786 173, 706 548,119,792 5,713,371 94,264,846 440,644,496 6,975,709 621,370 561,704 838,008 117,384 361,964 705,024 327,095 321, 795 160,384 76,111 741,630 6,416,531 10,466,062 2 293 189 117!270'065 14,247,808 15,898,691 352,936 2,606,798 47,314,268 42,476,918 32,444,916 27,199,346 8,720,598 1,377,729 707,672 65,133,4281 72,900 513, 797 4,047,664 5,715,447 1,445,921 288,722 23,124 432,741 Indi- vid- uals, Per cent of total. Cor- pora- tions. 12.3 13.6 6.2 12.4 15.9 23.5 6.8 0.8 13.8 12.6 3.3 16.0 6.4 7.5 7.6 10.6 1.8 8.9 2.8 5.1 19.4 2.0 4 24.6 2.0 18.4 16.2 4.4 6.4 23.6 19.3 23.5 17.0 13 12.0 20.3 4.9 9.3 6.5 1.2 4.6 14.6 6.3 7.6 17.9 12.1 3.5 8.0 3.7 12.4 16.8 6.5 2.9 7.4 1.9 10.8 4.4 6.1 3.0 13.1 28.5 2.5 76.7 93.7 79.3 71.4 65.0 93.8 91.9 67.4 74.6 88.0 86.9 68.7 88. 87.1 89.8 86.5 87.2 97.3 88.0 97.2 93.2 83.8 41.6 96.7 91.8 65.5 84.9 24.2 74.6 90.0 61.9 60.7 66.5 59.1 76.4 69.7 50.7 90.9 89.2 88.0 96.9 96.4 82.0 90.6 62. 82.1 86.4 92.6 83.5 95.2 81.8 83.2 83.3 96.0 90.1 97.0 81.4 81.3 89.2 93.9 85.5 71.5... All oth- 11.0 19.8 0.1 8.2 12.8 21.5 1.7 11.4 16.9 18.8 in 22.1 2.4 7.3 25.2 5.2 5.4 2.7 2.9 10.1 0.9 3.1 1.7 9.4 39.0 2.3 3.3 9.9 13.0 57.4 9.2 14.7 4.7 14.4 20.0 10.0 23.9 9.7 18.3 29.0 4.2 1.5 5.5 1.9 3.5 3.1 2.6 3.9 8.5 1.1 5.8 i6.'i 2.1 ?:? 7.8 14.3 4.7 3.1 1.4 0.6 I Does not include Lackawanna. Statistics for this city can not be shown separately without disclosing individual operations. The marked tendency toward the corporate form tions at each succeeding census. Although less than of ownership in the state is shown by the increasing one-fourth of the total number of establishments in proportions of the total average £a^H^fZ6C/\i^^/^ value added small valued e pro- estab- )unted Over e state valued was a ace of lets of ending oducts 79,137 662 to m average number of wage earners per estabhshment was 22 at each of the last two censuses. Table 26 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 48 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 25 •for aU industries combined. Twenty-one of the industries in the preceding table show an increase in establishments having products valued at $1,000,000 or more. The manufacture of carriages and wagons and materials, marble and stone work, and bakery products are conducted chiefly in rather small establishments, while the manufacture of chemicals, photographic apparatus and supplies, malt liquors, malt, and slaughtering and meat packing are -conducted mainly in the comparatively large establishments. Of the industries shown separately, the largest establishments are in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, and the smallest, in the car- riage and wagon industry. Therelative increase from 1909 to 1914, in the value of the output of the very large establishments, was greatest in the manufacture of confectionery, hosiery and knit goods, malt, paper and wood pidp, tobacco, M!^D^§0^^ tanning, currying, and finishing of 1000 MANUFACTURES. V Among the'industries carried on largely in small estab- was shown for the carriage and wagon, fur goods, and lishments, the greatest increase in value of production marble and stone work industries. Table 26 njDtrSTBT AUK VALUE OF PBODUCT. AeSICDLTUSAL lUPLE- MENT3I.J..1. 'XfesstlianSS,000 15,000 to 120,000 »20,000toJ100,000.... S100,000toSl,000,000. J1,000,000 and over. . . ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS AND FEATHEBS AND PLUMES. . I«ss than $5,000... t5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. Automobiles, including bodies and pabts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Boots anS shoes, includ- ing CUT STOCK and FINDINaS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Boxes, fanct and pafeb. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. $^00,000 and over Bbead and otheb bae- eet pboducts , . Less than $5,000 .. . $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. BUTTEB, CHEESE, AND CONDENSED MILE Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over > . Cannino and fbesebt- ING , Less than $5,000. . . $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. Cakbiaoes and wagons and matebiaxs Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. t20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. . Chemicals I^ss than $5,000 $5,000 io $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over. .. . CLOTHDie, MEN'S, INCLUD. ING SHIBTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.. . . $1,000,000 and over Clothing, women's. . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 ... . $1,000,000 and over NUMBER OP ESTABUSH- MENfS. 1914 60 369 69 113 138 49 247 309 54 75 16 331 32 86 171 142 4,249 778 2,541 821 109 1,144 73 613 339 987 633 198 91 65 604 248 270 71 15 70 4 6 17 32 11 2,627 392 976 779 445 35 3,835 1,439 950 23 1909 -57 <0 lOS 126 147 296 57 81 74 71 13 315 31 166 32 3,978 778 2,264 852 84 1,552 142 964 393 53 790 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 26.0 14.0 28.0 22.0 10.0 100.0 18.7 30.6 37.4 13.3 100.0 17.4 38.1 23.1 18.2 3.2 100.0 17.5 26.5 26.5 24.3 5.2 100.0 9.7 26.0 51.7 12.7. 100.0 18.3 59.8 19.3 2.6 100.0 6.4 56.2 29.6 7.8 100.0 410 226 116 38 610 64.1 20.1 9.2 6.6 100.0 228 267 90 25 74 41.0 44.7 11.8 2.5 100.0 2,983 307 1,146 1,013 475 42 232 816 1,238 781 16 5.7 8.6 24.3 45.7 15.7 100.0 14.9 37.2 29.7 16.9 1.3 100.0 100.0 22.8 21.1 29.« 17.5 8.8 100.0 12.5 33.2 39.5 14.7. 18. e 26.5 6.2 100.0 19.3 27.4 25.0 24.0 4.4 106.0 9.8 27.3 62.7 10.2 100.0 19.6 56.9 21.4 2.1 100.0 9.2 62.1 25.3 3.4 100.0 51.9 28.6 14.7 100.0 37.4 43.8 14.8 4.1 100.0 8.1 13.5 21.6 44.6 12.2 100.0 10.3 38.4 34.0 15.9 1.4 100.0 11.1 26.0 37.5 24.8 0.6 7.5 26.5 40.2 25.3 0.5 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EABNERS. 1914 5,392 9 63 263 743 4,324 7,715 126 833 2,947 3,809 12, 122 il 427 932 4,400 6,319 27,561 91 533 2,390 10,427 14,120 14, 192 820 5,661 7,723 27,002 560 7,155 6,964 12,333 3,235 443 677 2,082 8,757 1,023 1,543 5,349 3,911 271 1,244 1,253 1,143 7,780 3 22 271 2,034 5,450 81,370 ,1,699 14, 847 20, 961 27, 308 16,655 108, 393 1909 5,717 14 47 432 967 4,257 8,493 104 905 3,426 4,058 9,861 U 118 925 3,074 5,730 21,627 107 679 1,918 9,858 9,166 11,538 102 890 5,668 4,878 21,357 613 6,262 6,670 7,922 2,866 55 642 827 1,342 7,075 487 1,164 2,025 3,409 6,116 265 1,407 1,830 2,614 6,746 17 33 204 1,601 3,891 91,363 1,077 17,377 29,106 28,609 15, 194 98,104 1,645 10, 439 29, 127 828 8,651 27,868 Per cent distribution, 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 1.2 4.7 13.8 80.2 100.0 100.0 lOO.O 0.3 1.9 8.7 37.8 51.2 100.0 0.6 5.8 39.2 64.4 100.0 2.1 26.5 25.8 45.7 100.0 1.0 13.7 20.9 64.4 100.0 9.6 11.7 17.6 61.1 100.0 6.9 31.8 32.0 29.2 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.5 26.1 70.1 100.0 2.0 18.2 25.8 33.6 20.5 100.0 1.4 9.6 26.9 100.0 0.2 0.8 7.6 16.9 74.5 100.0 1.2 10.7 40.3 47.8 100.0 100.0 0.5 2.7 8.9 45.6 42.4 100.0 0.9 7.7 49.1 42.3 100.0 2.9 29.3 30.8 37.1 100.0 1.9 22.4 28.9 46.8 100.0 6.9 16.3 28.6 48.2 lOO. 4.3 23.0 29.9 42.7 100.0 0.3 0.6 27.9 67.7 100.0 1.2 19.0 31.9 31.3 16.6 100.0 0.8 8.8 28.4 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over. p4J,181.,56,539 ,56.4 S.ft 227,069,259 .. 177.726,446 ver.'^ 2 Loss. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $14,576,694 36,840 95,426 687,888 2,214,344 11,542,196 16,455,637 176,081 1,248,204 6,134,726 42,115,276 123,068 960,425 2,469,531 14,298,885 24,273,367 71,412,755 152,663 847,052 4,610,162 26, 168, 138 39,634,740 21,692,085 89, 291 1,095,533 7,888,431 12,618,830 109,227,959 2,324,913 27,979,665 27,649.879 61,273,602 43,262,309 249,669 7,652,934 12,595,339 22,864,367 25,944,634 1,099,648 1,807,493 4,431,774 18,605,719 8,759,119 617,460 2,521,507 2,583,169 3,036,993 42,876,880 10,335 69,554 1,070,975 10,945,875 30,780,141 238,626,691 1,098,551 10,389.562 36, 636, 891 122,268,979 69,232,708 345,315,842 1,210,768 10,605,735 73, 137, 547 227,069.259 1909 $14,970,980 30, 602 109,660 911,827 3,298,626 10,620,375 21,162,385 110,646 1,162,919 6,389,101 13,499,719 30,979,527 29, 928 260,049 2,167,178 9,367,680 19,154,692 48,185,914 161,733 919,022 3,688,566 21,019,139 22,497,454 14,233,672 89,071 1,076,861 7,282,950 5,785,800 86,232,985 2,300,248 25,181,831 28,661,604 30,199,302 42,458,345 456,707 10,804,844 14,498,624 16,698,170 19,039,735 911,617 2,121,689 5,389.210 10,617,219 13,292,631 559, 956 2,661,516 3, 565, 186 6,505,873 35,346,072 18,028 126,966 884,658 9,975,004 24,341,526 266,075,427 844,529 13,519,432 42.774,000 133,760,202 75,177,264 272,617,792 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 0.6 4.7 15.2 79.2 100.0 1.1 7.6 37.3 54.1 100.0 0.3 2.3 5.8 34.0 57.6 100.0 0.2 1.2 6.5 36.6 56.5 100.0 0.4 8.0 36.4 58.2 100.0 2.1 26.6 26.3 46.9 100.0 0,6 17.5 29.1 52.8 100.0 4.2 7.0 17.1 71.7 100.0 7.0 28.8 29.5 34.7 100.0 0.2 2.5 25.6 71.8 100.0 0.5 4.4 14.9 51.2 29.0 100.0 671,083 9,399,448 62,865,088 177 726,446 0.4 3.1 21.2 65.8 9.6 100.0 0.2 0.7 6.1 22.0 70.9 100.0 0.5 5.5 30.2 63.8 100.0 100.0 0.3 1.9 7.4 43.6 46.7 100.0 0.6 7.6 51.2 40.6 100.0 2.7 29.2 33.1 36.0 100.0 1.1 25.4 34.1 39.3 100.0 4.8 11.1 28.3 55.8 100.0 4.2 20.0 26.8 48.9 100.0 0.1 0.4 2.5 28.2 68.9 100.0 0.3 5.1 16.1 50.3 28.3 100.0 0.2 3.4 23.1 66.2 8.0 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUBE. 1914 $7,503,,489 21,768 64,377 442,474 1, 249, 167 5,735,713 8,298,041 109,387 747,230 3,116,262 4,325,162 20,139,486 89, 140 696,929 1,439,610 6,660,225 11,454,582 28,363,804 91,073 449,953 2,101,634 11,163,802 14,557,342 12,043,705 57,897 630,638 4,437,424 6,917,746 49,593,070 1,000,138 11,522,327 11,111,957 26,958,648 6,283,011 654,662 1,479,192 4,120,371 9,987,274 626, 120 944,881 1,627,952 6,788,321 5,182,296 434, 771 1,68 ,898 1,566,755 1,510,872 16,624,801 4,028 46,919 588,543 4,304,946 11,680,365 121,495,960 959,030 9,064,961 21,769,357 66, 727, 670 32,975,032 161,635,588 971, 636 7,667,369 34,978,604 103,073,972 14, 954, 107 1909 $8,556,330 . 19,647 62,128 660,949 1,667,281 6,346,325 8,903,927 73,313 716,907 3,229,479 4,884,228 16,071,426 19,865 151,869 1,303,796 4,931,341 9,664,664 19,211,403 93,646 456,673 1,661,113 8,955,348 8,044,723 8,120,837 60,543 634,366 4,178,673 3,247,365 33,494,514 995,025 9,804,762 10,862,319 11,832,408 6, 297, 278 76,830 1,233,47$ 1,674,240 3,312,730 7,370,950 358,740 780, 162 2,042,969 4,189,079 7,483,813 362,725 1,752,665 2,051,842 3,316,581 15,637,518 2 4, 166 58,531 496,400 4,520,730 10,566,023 130,748,784 744,-970 11,987,085 28, 090. 786 67,572,978 32,352,966 124,375,317 497, 531 6,750,563 29,082,866 77,997,679 10,046,698 Percent distijbutian. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 0.7 5.9 16.6 76.4 100.0 1.3 9.0 37.6 62.1 100.0 0.4 3.0 7.1 32.6 56.9 100; 0.3 1.6 7.4 39.4 51.3 100.0 0.5 6.2 36.8 57.4 100.0 2.0 23.2 22 4 52.3 100.0 0.5 10.4 23.5 65.6 100.0 6.3 9.5 16.3 68.0 100.0 8.4 32.4 30.0 29.2 100.0 ^o!3 3.5 25.9 70.3 100.0 0.8 7.5 17.9 46.7 27.1 100.0 0.6 4.7 21.6 63.8 9.3 100.0 0.2 0.7 6.6 18.3 74.2 100.0 0.8 8.0 36.3 54.9 100.0 0.1 0.9 8.1 30.7 60.1 100.0 0.5 2.4 8.6 46.6 41.9 100.0 0.7 7.8 61.5 40.0 100.0 3.0 32.4 35.3 100.0 1.2 19.6 62.6 100.0 10.6 27.7 56.8 100.0 4.8 23.4 27.4 44.3 100.0 m 0.4 3.2 28.9 67.6 100.0 0.6 9.2 21.5 44.0 24.7 100.0 0.4 5.4 23.4 62. ^ 8.1 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. NEW YORK. 1001 Table 26— Continned. INDtraTBY AND VALUE or FBODUCT. CoireECTIONEET. Lesk than $5,000 ts,000 to 120,000 120,000 to SIOO.OOO.... $100,000 to 11,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.... Copper, tin, and sheet- lEON PBODUCTa. . : Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Cotton goods, inchjd- ingcotton small WABE3 Less than $20,000 K.. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Dyeing and finishinq textiles Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000... . $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over '. Elecsteical machinekt, appaeatus, and sup- PLIES Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. Floue-mili. and grist- mill PRODUCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000....... $20,000 to $100,000 $100',000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over... Food peepaeations, not elsewhere specified.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... 72 107 51 51 6 Foundry and machine. shop products 3,093 NUHBEB OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 349 67 141 47 51 891 67 442 301 69 12 287 1909 249 154 297 166 61 8 47 SI 217 476 364 65 10 177 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000...... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Fur goods. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. Furnishing goods, men's Less than $5, 000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. FUENITUEE AND REFEIG- EEAT0E3 Less than $5,000 K,000 to $20,000 .■ 120,000 to $100,000...^ . 1100,000 and over 2 Gas, illuminating and HEATING Less than $5,000 15,000 to $20,000 120,000 to $100,000.... 1100,000 to $1,000,000. Il,000j000 and over... 1,023 1,106 641 297 26 877 208 316 346 42 95 129 758 161 234 225 138 131 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 19.2 40.4 13.5 2.3 100.0 35.0 33.9 23.1 6.6 1.4 100.0 19.6 27.5 43.1 9.8 100.0 8.1 30.3 40.4 21.2 16.7 29.3 25.1 100.0 7.6 49.6 33.8 7.7 1.3 100.0 25.1 37.3 17.8 17.8 2.1 100.0 100.0 22.5 30.1 26.9 19.3 1.2 100.0 22.4 43.3 1.2 100.0 10.6 25.5 51.1 12.8 100.0 19.8 44.4 25.9 100.0 13,8 37.8 29.5 18.9 100.0 6.9 48.4 37.0 6.6 1.0 100.0 32.8 29.9 23.2 11.3 100.0 358 621 567 305 21 176 279 304 1 104 375 47 113 124 91 676 106 223 234 113 33.1 35.8 20.7 9.6 0.8. 100.0 19.1 33.2 30.3 16.3 1.1 100.0 23.7 36.0 32.3 8.0 100.0 20.4 32.3 35.2 12.1 100.0 12.1 27.5 37.3 23.1 12.5 30.1 33.1 24.3 100.0 100.0 21.2 30,9 29.7 18.2 100.0 15.7 33.0 34.6 16.7 100.0 20.7 33. 3 22.9 24.1 22.1 22.7 21.4 14.2 6.9 5.7 AVEEAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EAENEES. 1914 10, 768 560 1,460 4,978 3,702 16,040 291 1,223 2,859 6,535 6,132 9,127 54 281 4,245 4,547 5,514 10 266 785 4,463 23,738 1,063 22,338 3,070 30 415 650 704 1,271 64 293 425 2,256 1,003 8,570 76 383 1,270 5,330 1,511 14,689 lie 1,344 2,845 5,688 4,626 19,663 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.6 5.2 13.6 46.2 34.4 100.0 T.8 7.6 17.8 34.5 38.2 100.0 lOO.O 342 3,269 7,007 5,252 12 137 774 4,329 18,972 49 400 1,176 17,347 2,990 100.0 0.6 3.1 46.5 49.8 100.0 0.2 4.6 14.2 80.9 100.0 0.2 1.2 4.5 94.1 25 440 796 660 3,023 59 149 462 1,342 1,011 64,066 1,260 4,885 12,214 31,731 16,600 5,904 464 3,385 11,828 33, 110 15,279 8,244 227 918 2,389 2,370 17,495 110 473 2,829 14,083 22, 163 181 1,270 4,8S0 15,812 10,090 113 434 2,564 6,950 252 1,131 2,884 3,977 18, 180 134 1,020 1,913 16,119 20,281 145 ■ 1,233 5,841 13,062 6,422 22 127 453 1,495 1.0 13.5 21.2 22.9 41.4 100.0 1.3 7.3 10.5 66.0 100.0 1.9 7.3 18.3 47.6 24.9 100.0 16.5 40.5 40.1 100.0 0.6 2.7 16.2 80.5 100.0 0.8 6.7 22.1 71.4 100.0 0.9 4.5 14.8 62.2 17.6 100.0 Ts 9.1 19.4 38.7 31.5 100.0 0.4 3.2 30.7 65.7 100.0 0.2 2.6 14.7 82.4 100.0 0.3 2.1 6.2 91.4 100.0 0.8 14.7 26.6 22.1 35.8 100.0 VALUE OF PEODUCTS. 1914 $34,070,463 2.0 4.9 15.3 44.4 33.4 100.0 0.7 5.3 18.5 51.7 23.8 100.0 3.1 13.7 35.0 48.2 100.0 0.7 6.6 10.5 83.1 0.7 6.1 100.0 198,825 1,465,361 4,134,287 14,973,565 13,298,425 44,821,655 719,314 2,718,761 8,209,188 16,942,580 17,231,812 18,464,811 87,419 759,273 7,308,407 10,309,712 16,302,576 23,974 380, 792 2,099,435 13,798,375 73,944,708 102,474 641,866 2,598,587 70,601,782 77,408,764 216,623 5,260,761 11,673,969 18,307,595 41,950,816 32,165,811 1909 $25,540,394 172,931 877,328 3, 185, 189 15,472,987 5,831,959 38,452,127 417,602 3, 150, 875 6,967,014 16,159,577 11,757,059 20,351,555' 66,148 739, 474 6,867,446 12,678,487 9,673,228 18, 575 211,012 1,619,056 7,824,685 49,289,815 85,277 879, 764 3,007,413 45,317,361 69,802,278 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.8 4.3 12.1 43.9 39.0 100.0 0.5 4.1 100.0 0.1 2.3 12.9 84.6 100.0 0.1 0.9 3.5 95.5 100.0 227, 145 5,850,180 14,293,096 16,651,511 32,780,346 0.3 6.8 15.1 23.7 54.2 17,324,076 100.0 179,425 1,091.247 2,072,930 16,504,046 12,318,163 173,429,715 2,968,012 10,911,969 28,223,619 76,436,075 54,890,140 30,312,136 573, 414 3,294,291 12,362,418 14,082,013 45,385,505 109,377 1,079,466 6,991,C01 37,205,061 49,849,300 445,334 2,535,963 10,584,698 52,815,689 0.3 1.1 4.3 25.4 0.3 2.0 7.1 23.3 I Includes the group "less than $5,000.' 64,760 382, 185 1,497,787 10,244,995 158, 022 607, 266 2,161,747 6,228,989 8,278,053 154,370,346 0.6 3.4 6.4 51.3 38.3 100.0 932, 256 6,701,871 26,043,771 81,694,076 38,998,373 41,301,451 463,821 3,077,775 13,386,667 24,373,188 42,197,117 125,773 1, 222, 298 6,463,434 35,385,012 41,928,774 303, 200 2,453,006 11,696,502 27,476,000 42,346,726 77,208 409,437 1,606,910 6,585,306 a 667, 1.7 6.3 16.3 44.1 31.6 100.0 100.0 0.7 3.4 12.5 60.6 22.8 100.0 1.1 8.2 18.1 42.0 30.6 100.0 0.3 3.6 33.7 62.3 100.0 0.2 2.2 16.7 100.0 0.2 1.8 6.1 91.9 100.0 0.3 8.4 20.5 23.9 47.0 100.0 $14,004,923 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 107,057 736,600 1,596,742 5,778,628 5,785,896 20,448,824 6,811,373 8,625, $9,896,318 94, 401 425, 772 1,220,861 6,740,717 2,414,577 17,417,341 274,962 1,884,075 3,804,490 6, 808, 009 4,644,915 45,094 294,894 2,652,448 3,818,937 5,850,598 35,919,949 66,132 409,833 1,566,206 33,878,778 9,986,003 0.9 2.9 12.4 36.0 47.8 100.0 0.6 4.3 16.9 52.9 26.3 100.0 1.9 10.9 40.8 46.5 100.0 0.2 2.4 15.4 82.0 100.0 0.9 6.1 21.2 72.8 100.0 1.1 7.5 32.4 69.0 100.0 0.3 2.9 12.9 83.9 100.0 0.7 5.9 27.9 65.5 100.0 15.6 79.5 39, 158 913,048 1,816,656 2, 187, 122 6,030,020 11,714,640 90,672 468, 770 688, 664 4,642,182 5,834,452 104, 867, 493 .2,237,275 7,417,806 17,548,715 44,038,397 33,625,300 13,490,100 393, 733 1,687,448 5,369,616 6,039,303 22,495,721 81,929 536,519 3,084,082 18,793,191 27,760,409 311, 266 1,602,297 6,969,168 19,877,088 31,255,803 19,747 225,249 946,187 7,093,989 22,970,631 27,864 300,879 2, 747, 135 N 5, 549, 188 5,533,967 21,807,204 52,618 546,913 1,815,904 19,391,769 9,331,977 36,402 971,996 2,205,430 1,808,660 4,310,489 7,663,823 83,396 ' 236,269 806,417 2,317,943 4,219,798 92,749,146 643,314 4,395,393 15,713,541 46,343,320 25,633,578 17, 161, 196 321,239 1,579,472 5,342,226 9,918,259 20,620,777 91,042 750,712 2,092,590. 17,686,433 22,772,330 li^f $1,000,000 and over. 204,125 1,533,893 6,574,722 14,469,590 27,328,320 30,061 264,516 1,080,408 4,940,402 21,012,933 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.8 5.3 11.4 41.3 41.3 100.0 2.4 8.2 20.5 35.0 34.0 100.0 0.7 4.3 56.1 100.0 0.3 6.1 19.8 74.8 100.0 0.2 1.1 4.4 94.3 100.0 100.0 1.0 4.3 12.3 58.0 24.4 100.0 1.6 10.8 21.8 39.1 26.7 100. 0.3 3.5 31.9 64.3 100.0 "oTi 3.1 18.6 78.0 100.0 0.2 2.5 ,8.3 100.0 0.4 9.1 18.2 21.9 50.4 100.0 0.4 10.4 23.6 19.4 46.2 100.0 0.8 3.9 5.9 39.6 49.8 100.0 1.1 3.1 10.5 30.2 65.1 100.0 2.1 7.1 16.7 42.0 32.1 100.0 O.V 4.7 16.9 60.0 27.7 100.0 2.9 12.5 44.8 100.0 0.4 2.4 13.7 83.6 100.0 1.1 6.8 21.5 71.6 100.0 1.9 9.2 31.1 57.8 100.0 0.4 3.0 10.2 85.8 100.0 0.9 6.7 63."S 100. 0.1 1.0 4.0 18.1 76.9 1002 MANUFACTURES. Table 36— Continued. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PBODUOT. NUMBER OF ESTABUSH- MENTS. Hats, fub-pelt. Less than $5,000... »5,000tot20,00O.... J20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over ». Hosiery and knit goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over . . . Jewelry. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over •. . Leather goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, AND finished Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Liquors, malt. l«ss than $20,000'.. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Lumber aud timber products Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Malt. $5,000 to $100,000 «... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Marble and stone work Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., M.ATTRESSES AND.SPRING BEDS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Millinery and GOODS Le.ss than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. Musical insteuments, PIANOS AND organs AND materials Less than $5,000 $S,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1 000,000- $1,000,000 and over. . . Paint and varnish. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. J1,000,000 and over... 1914 39 483 70 135 128 131 19 566 186 181 150 49 605 232 153 158 62 17 10 27 36 8 153 1,776 754 542 334 142 4 551 134 263 138 16 258 430 427 1193 160 1909 22 56 137 130 15 479 143 139 145 52 483 113 159 156 55 109 184 13 34 117 20 2,263 1,057 660 379 161 6 32 14 15 3 655 192 264 456 43 931 135 273 373 150 184 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 17.9 23.1 28.2 30.8 100.0 14.5 27.9 26.5 27. 1 3.9 100.0 32.9 32.0 26.5 8.7 100.0 38.3 25.3 26.1 10.2 100.0 17.3 10.2 27.6 36.7 8.2 100.0 19.0 62.1 15.0 100.0 42.5 30.5 18.8 8.0 0.2 100.0 32.0 48.0 20.0 100.0 24.3 47.7 25.0 2 9 100.0 25.5 6.-6 100.0 19.7 32.9 32.6 14.8 100.0 5.6 12.5 33.8 44.4 100.0 10.7 22.7 31.3 30.0 6.3 100.0 11.4 25.0 29.5 34.1 100.0 6.1 15.6 38.1 36.1 4.2 lOO.O 29.8 29.0 30.3 10.9 100.0 23.4 32.9 32.3 11.4 100.0 14.7 10.1 26.6 42 2 6.4 100.0 7.1 18.5 63.6 10.9 100.0 100.0 43.8 46.9 9.4 100.0 29.3 40.3 23.8 6.6 100.0 16.1 47.0 100.0 14.5 29.3 40.1 16.1 100.0 8.7 11.4 38.0 39.1 2 7 100.0 Ts 26.5 33.3 27.9 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 19M 3,5133 37 192 3,325 40,095 138 811 2,920 19,205 17,023 5,051 168 644 1,813 2,426 7,473 221 637 2,453 4,262 5,360 22 67 654 2,315 2,302 12 360 4,553 4,901 21,503 961 2,900 6,598 10,521 1,523 533 38 225 270 4,798 122 882 2,235 1,559 1,996 66 249 618 1,063 26,124 558 3,069 8,107 '14,390 12,602 12 123 981 8,257 3,229 3,450 10 78 275 1,739 1909 5,013 5 60 232 4,716 35,950 51 444 3,560 19,955 11,940 5,379 149 566 1,936 2,728 7,586 175 727 2,696 5,688 25 98 716 2,995 1,854 8,731 35 347 5,029 3,320 27,471 81 263 180 304 1,270 2,686 2,679 1,621 282 557 753 21,078 312 2,165 7,916 10,685 11,938 81 1,605 8„ 125 2,204 3,047 311 1,570 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 1.0 5.4 93.3 100.0 0.3 20 7.3 47.9 42 5 100.0 3.3 12 7 35.9 48.0 100.0 3.Q 7.2 32 8 57.0 100.0 100.0 0.1 3.7 46.3 49.9 100.0 100.0 2 5 18.4 46.6 32 5 100.0 3.3 12.5 31.0 63.3 100.0 21 11.7 31.0 55.1 100.0 0.1 1,0 7.8 65.5 25.6 100.0 0.3 2 3 8.0 50.4 100.0 0.1 1.2 4.6 94.1 100.0 0.1 1.2 9.9 55.5 33.2 100.0 2.8 10.5 36.0 50.7 100.0 35.5 52 6 100.0 0.4 1.7 12.6 52.7 32.6 100.0 0.4 4.0 57.6 38.0 100.0 5.1 14.3 26.7 46.4 7.5 100.0 15.4 ■50.2 34.4 100.0 4.4 18.3 38.7 38.6 100.0 1.8 17.4 34.4 46.5 100.0 1.5 10.3 37.6 50.7 100.0 0.2 0.7 12.6 68.1 18.5 100.0 0.4 2 7 10.2 51.5 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $6,637,380 16,918 82, 2C0 691,053 5,847,149 78,229,235 208, 161 1,544,898 5,989,023 36,682,915 33,804,238 21,810,245 457,454 1,953,904 6,382,075 13,016,812 21,796,980 583,755 1,455,223 6,715,642 13,042,360 36,018,342 59,748,330 1,584,204 5,520,293 15,060,885 31,946,191 5,636,757 12,380,622 294,666 3,599,629 8,486,427 13,324,209 356,412 2,588,294 5,905,890 4,473,613 6,496,972 155,981 762,516 2,475,699 3,102,876 72,328,556 675,894 4,513,562 19,507,269 147,631,851 33,071,781 30,462 218,661 3, 137, 239 21,206,002 8,479,527 31,884,421 46,485 399,788 2,235,882 15,895,014 1909 $10,218,660 14, 193 132,659 745,079 9,326,729 67,130,296 63,324 732,389 6,962,288 38,655,565 20,726,730 20,362,620 358,037 1,434,342 6,2(10,727 12,309,514 20,996,602 324,474 1,611,050 7,349,056 11,712,022 27,642,383 72,529,813 2, 198, 541 6,785,205 16,863,586 36,806,620 9,876,861 11,051,078 718, 236 5, 174, 154 5,168,688 17,921,285 513,940 2,695,678 6,669,947 8,041,720 5,898,625 52,106,200 357,617 3,011,348 17,431,090 31,306,145 33,679,953 1 Includes the group of "$1,000,000 and ovi • Includes the groups "less than $5,000" and "$5,000 to $20,000.' mti^^dwmtQemfm 49, 408 208,606 3,998,103 21,924,333 7,499,603 28,569,474 24,945 440,518 2,203,840 14,262,147 ■',628,024 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 1.2 10.4 88.1 100.0 0.3 2 7.7 40.9 43.2 100; 21 9.0 29.3 59.7 100.0 2 7 6.7 30.8 59.8 100.0 100.0 (') 20 43.9 54.0 100.0 27 9.2 25.2 53.5 9.4 100.0 2.4 29.1 68.5 100.0 2 7 19.4 44.3 33.6 100.0 24 11.7 38.1 47.8 100.0 0.9 6.2 27.0 65.9 100.0 100.0 0.1 1.3 7.3 91.3 100.0 0.1 1.1 10.4 57.6 100.0 1.8 7.0 30.7 60.4 100.0 1.5 7.7 35.0 65.8 100.0 100.0 0.1 26 53.3 44.0 100.0 100.0 6.5 46.8 46.7 100.0 15.0 37.2 44.9 100.0 1.4 13.5 36.4 48.7 100.0 0.1 0.7 9.6 64.1 25.6 100.0 TT 1.3 7.0 49.9 41.7 0.7 6.8 33.5 60.1 100.0 0.1 0.6 11.9 66.1 22.3 100.0 "oT 1.5 7.7 49.9 40.7 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE, 1914 $3,146,652 10,653 44,477 303,066 2,788,456 34,369,356 131,723 714,599 2,426,975 14,845,624 16,250,435 10,708,410 347,286 l,143,r65 3,394,977 5,822,492 9,789,284 377,080 731,526 2,957,064 5,723,614 8,106,071 61,178,667 24,960 1,130,003 27,090,155 32,933,549 26,818,027 1,069,657 3,272,522 7,251,654 13,253,366 1,970,828 1,995,018 8,294,821 216,4.34 1,550,218 3,619,244 2,908,926 2,646,702 375, 148 1,150,821 1,033,365 35,073,111 529,604 3,091,499 9,863,335 '21,588,673 17,315,983 1909 $4,812,395 8,308 51^576 313,103 4,439,408 28,452,925 31,642 367,719 2,845,925 15,810,221 9,397,418 9,929,703 276,680 869,684 3,142,485 5,681,854 9,364,501 203,609 741, 180 3,397,981 5,021,831 6,701,650 58,837,018 59,447 1,402,361 31,120,908 26,254,302 30,824,722 1,358,891 4,005,902 8,324,816 15,061,294 2,073,819 2,178,636 226,991 1,033,521 918,124 10,845,761 20,860 114,967 1,519,424 10,759,719 4,901,013 13,292,761 23,526 200,964 908,929 6,364,956 5,794,386 385,049 1,700,880 4,136,771 4,624,061 2,438,042 43,566 349,010 875,708 1,169,758 24,971,417 266,722 2,001,973 8,859,194 13,843,528 16,185,206 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 1.4 9.6 100.0 0.4 21 7.1 43.2 47.3 100.0 3.2 10.7 31.7 54.4 100.0 3.8 7.5 30.2 68.6 100.0 0.4 0.8 7.4 34.9 56.4 100.0 0.0 1.8 44.3 53.8 100.0 4.0 12 2 27.0 49.4 7.4 100.0 25 321 66.4 100.0 26 18.7 43.6 35.1 100.0 100.0 0.2 1.1 6.5 92 2 100.0 0.1 1.3 10.0 6S.6 33.0 100.0 28 8.7 31.6 66.9 100.0 22 7.9 36.3 63.6 100.0 0.5 1.2 10.7 50.8 36.9 100.0 0.1 24 529 44.6 100.0 4.4 13.0 27.0 48.9 6.7 100.0 10.4 47.4 421 100.0 36,568 129,444 2,006,905 10,371,782 3,641,507 10,664,108 5,947 179,129 918,911 5,620,038 3,940,083 3.3 14.2 43.5 39.1 100.0 1.6 28.1 61.6 100.0 0.1 0.7 8.8 62.1 28.3 100.0 "oi" 1.5 6.8 47.9 43.6 3.6 16.7 38.1 426 100.0 1.8 14.3 36.9 48.0 100.0 1.1 8.0 35.5 55.4 100.0 02 0.8 12.4 64.1 22.6 100.0 "ol 1.7 8.6 627 36.9 ^nth of 1 per cent: « Includes the groups "$6,000 to $20,000" and "$20,000 to $100,000." NEW YORK. 1003 Table 26— Continued. mOVSTRY AND VALUE or PBODUcr. Papee and wood pulp. Less than $5,000 (6,000 to J20,000 120,000 to $100.000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Patent medicines and COMPOUNDS and DRUG- GISTS' PREPABATIONS... J,ess tban $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . FHOTOQBAPmC AFPABA- TUS AND MATEBIALS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 2.. FbINTINOAND PUBLISHING Less than $!>,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Shipbuildiiig, including BOAT BDILDINQ Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000andover2. SiLE GOODS, including THEOWSTEES Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 2.. Slaughtering and heat PACKDia Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Soap. Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over... Tobacco manutaotuees Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Ttpeweetees and sup- plies Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000-... $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over'.. Woolen, woested, and felt goods, and wool HATS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... NUMBER OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 365 220 136 80 6 59 4,8 1,810 1,580 995 383 38 337 32 120 92 70 23 65 18 14 17 10 6 2,871 2,088 519 168 82 14 61 51 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 743 315 202 143 78 5 42 7 16 10 10 4,426 1,559 1,572 930 333 32 122 170 238 3,371 2,468 596 208 64 4.0 6.7 23.3 55.3 10.7 100.0 46.3 27.3 16.7 9.9 0.7 100.0 26.4 30.5 25.4 18.6 100.0 37.7 32.9 20.7 8.0 0.8 ■400.0 45.4 16.9 11.1 100.0 3.6 14.7 38.6 43.4 100.0 9.6 36.6 27.3 20.8 6.8 100.0 27.7 21.5 26.2 15.4 9.2 100.0 lOO.O 6.1 6.6 32.6 50.6 6.2 100.0 42.4 27.2 19.2 10.5 0.7 100.0 16.7 35.7 23.8 23.8 100.0 36.2 36.5 21.0 7.S 0.7 100.0 47.8 24 3 19.2 8.6 100.0 7.1 11.8 39.4 41.8 100.0 8.4 22.3 28.2 31.1 10.1 100.0 22.4 26.9 14 9 9.0 100.0 72.7 18.1 5.9 2.9 0.5 100.0 14 8 29.5 32.8 22.9 100.0 17.6 64 9 7.8 73.2 17.7 6.2 2.6 0.3 100.0 100.0 15.6 4 7 26.0 46.9 7.8 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 13,570 10 86 661 6,889 5,924 5,699 219 616 1,123 2,690 1,161 7,426 20 86 313 7,007 64,020 1,780 6,667 13, 378 26,471 15, 734 6,076 78 276 774 4,948 11,669 14 198 2,067 9,380 6,641 19 172 345 1,351 4,754 3,168 1909 12,073 17 85 1,136 7,400 3,435 4,728 227 490 1,172 2,476 4,088 79 219 3,781 63,120 1,881 7,063 14,132 26,931 14, 113 5,644 132 385 1,001 4,126 12, 903 27 173 2,043 10,660 6,110 12 86 295 1,259 4,458 2,976 10 28 153 296 2,682 30,489 1,368 2,436 3,623 11,957 11,106 4,114 8,652 4 37 317 4,695 3,699 16 44 179 521 2,216 30,019 1,862 2,854 4,405 11,796 9,103 4,638 9,460 100.0 11 38 416 4,666 4,331 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 0.6 4 9 50.8 43.7 9.1 19.7 47.2 20.2 100.0 0.3 1.2 4 2 94 3 100.0 2.8 10.4 20.9 41.3 24.6 100. 1.3 4.6 12.7 81.4 100.0 0.1 1.7 17.7 80.6 100.0 0.3 2.6 5.2 20.3 71.6 100.0 0.3 0.9 4 8 9.3 84.7 100.0 4 5 8.0 11.9 39.2 36.4 100.0 0.2 1.8 5.5 92.6 « 0.4 3.7 63.7 42.1 100.0 0.1 0.7 9.4 61.3 28.5 100.0 4 8 10.4 24.8 52.4 7.7 100.0 0.2 1.9 5.4 92.5 100.0 3.0 11.2 22.4 41.1 22.4 17.7 73.1 100.0 0.2 1.3 15.8 82.6 100.0 0.2 1.4 4 8 20.6 73.0 100.0 0.5 1.5 6.0 17.6 74 6 100.0 6.2 9.5 14 7 39.3 30.3 100.0 0.1 1.5 41 94 4 100.0 0.1 0.4 4 4 49.3 46.8 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $66,335,681 21,453 142,472 2,021,611 26,469,200 27,680,945 41,796,236 764,869 2,312,416 6,727,622 22,996,947 8,994,481 35,174,339 36,186 209,618 739,388 34, 189, 147 257,268,671 4,679,343 15,876,053 44,615,216 102,062,466 90,036,596 14,195,298 193,930 607,276 1,616,750 11,777,343 29,260,763 17,479 268,968 3,098,761 26,876,575 148,105,669 78,312 1,369,647 4,395,602 28,704,001 113,568,097 27,626,199 40,180 132,546 921,054 2,981,313 23,451,106 88,079,588 3, 819, 860 4,674,611 6,898,647 24,284,905 48,401,665 12,262,046 21,098,096 12, 101 63,266 350,729 11, 994, 136 8,677,864 1909 $48,869,610 28,036 134,463 3,256,305 28,781,527 16,660,279 37,343,083 860,200 2,070,884 6,378,822 22,026,938 6,216,239 18,763,929 18,327 143,606 604,539 17,997,468 216,946,482 4,074,169 15, 846, 601 40, 601, 847 90,743,703 66,681,162 11,417,189 279, 110 640,946 1,952,759 8,544,374 26,618,821 32,680 242,027 3,565,881 22,688,233 127,130,061 43,462 626,413 3,086,392 25,250,030 98,123,764 23,682,977 49,280 174,857 1, 064, 936 4, 303 259 17,990,646 76,661,552 4,723,167 5,408,991 8,392,863 25,424,602 32,712,029 10,298,038 9,007 149,964 760, 184 9,378,883 23,739,421 19,664 35,739 732, 866 12,654,411 10,296,741 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 3.6 47.0 49.1 100.0 1.8 S.5 16.1 65.0 21.5 100.0 0.1 0.6 2.1 97.2 100.0 1.8 6.2 17.3 39.7 35.0 100.0 1.4 4 3 11.4 83.0 100.0 0.1 0.9 10.6 88.4 100.0 0.1 0.9 3.0 19.4 76.7 100.0 0.1 0.5 3.3 10.8 85.2 100.0 4.3 6.3 7.8 27.6 65.0 100.0 0.2 1.9 7.1 90.8 100.0 0.1 0.3 1.7 56.8 41.1 100.0 0.1 0.3 6.7 58.9 341 100.0 1.7 5.5 17.1 69.0 16.6 100.0 0.1 0.8 3.2 95.9 100.0 1.9 7.3 18.7 41.8 30.3 100.0 2.4 5.6 17.1 74 8 100.0 0.1 0.9 13.4 86.6 100.0 0.5 2.4 19.9 77.2 100.0 0.2 0.7 4 5 18.2 76.3 lOO.O 6.2 7.1 10.9 33.2 42.7 100.0 0.1 1.5 7.4 91.1 100.0 0.1 0.2 3.1 53.3 43.4 496,944 1, 492, 436 3,960,032 14,295,747 4,639,331 26,370,452 26,183 123,646 403,568 24,818,056 188,363,768 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $20,405,222 11,326 54, 131 777, 682 9,210,048 10,362,035 24,884,490 440,320 1,343,618 4, 137, 110 14,367,904 4,465,416 13, 797, 225 14,855 86,567 371,478 13,324,325 160,462,222 12,385,779 33,984,210 74, 743, 477 63, 543, 609 9,022,520 132, 091 409,384 867, 500 7,613,545 12,624,542 16, 986 178, 901 1,638,109 10,691,546 17,887,272 28,279 399, 108 961,244 3,331,691 13,176,950 7,656,815 20,544 68,269 428,595 1,078,267 6,071,160 50, 108, 813 2,392,065 2,850,167 4,032,201 13.902,880 26; 931, 510 9,783,524 12, 872 123,401 483,920 9,163,331 8,193,920 8,043 38, 122 146, 535 4,511,720 3,489,500 1909 $17,092,327 13,578 63,779 1,350,946 10,160,593 6,503,431 24,754,368 3, 176, 631 12, 497, 692 30,284,593 66,924,160 47,669,156 7,492,623 188,513 416, 778 1,131,770 6,766,462 12,570,232 20,054 140,676 1,858,994 10,560,608 16,961,817 17,070 161, 261 651,420 3, 143, 123 12,988,953 7,970,595 26,763 78,843 390, 679 1,362,616 6,112,794 46,320,146 3,015,897 3,367,618 5,068,237 14,579,257 19,289,137 8,417,603 8,995,393 10,061 18,068 327,360 4,768,879 3,871,035 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 0.3 3.8 46.1 60.7 100.0 2.0 6.0 16.9 57.4 18.6 100.0 100.0 2.0 6.6 18.0 39.7 33.7 100.0 1.5 4 5 9.6 84.4 100.0 0.1 1.4 13.1 86.4 100.0 0.2 2.2 6.3 18.6 73.7 100.0 0.3 0.8 6.6 141 79.3 100.0 5.7 8.0 27.7 53.7 100.0 0.1 1.3 4 9 93.7 100.0 100.0 0.1 0.4 7.9 59.4 32.2 100.0 1.8 5.4 16.7 68.0 18.0 100.0 0.1 0.6 2.7 96.6 100.0 2.0 7.8 18.9 41.7 29.6 100.0 2.5 6.6 15.1 76.8 100.0 0.2 1.1 148 83.9 100.0 0.1 1.0 3.8 18.6 76.6 100.0 0.3 1.0 49 17.1 76.7 100.0 6.7 7.4 11.2 32.2 42.6 100.0 0.1 1.1 6.0 93.8 100.0 0.1 0.2 3.6 53.0 43.0 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Includes the group of "$1,000,000 and over." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1004 MANUFACTURES. Table 27 shows, for 1914, for all industries combined, in each of 52 cities having more than 10,000 inhab- itants, statistics similar to those given in Table 25 for the state as a whole. Table 27 Num- ber oles- tab- lish- menfs. WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUTACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Albany 476 9,371 100.0 $25,211,390 100.0 $13.81f.664 100.0 Less than S5,000 . 85,000 to S20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over 1... Amsterdam 174 149 101 62 117 154 593 1,738 6,886 10,774 1.6 6.3 18.6 73.6 100.0 423,201 1,622,654 4, 109, 686 19,055,949 22,474,691 1.7 6.4 16.3. 75.6 100.0 299,030 935,706 2,211,503 10,365,416 9,325,356 2.2 6.8 16.0 75.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 to $1,000,000. $l,000,000,andover.. 25 45 23 16 123 36 207 592 3,005 6,934 5,769 0.3 1.9 6.6 27.9 64.4 100.0 62,440 475,977 076,630 5,6.82,132 15,277,612 16,686,249 0.3 2.1 4.3 25.3 68.0 100. 30,298 246,608 558,756 2,499,888 5,989,806 6,896,737 0.3 2.6 6.0 26.8 64.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over 1... B ATAVl.A 40 37 26 20 67 44 162 452 5,111 , 2,467 0.8 2.8 7.8 88.6 100.0 100,430 378,771 1,118,114 16,088,934 5,339,782 0.6 2.3 6.7 90.4 100.0 62,098 200,351 625, 803 6,008,485 2,916,474 0.9 2.9 9.1 87.1 100 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over'... 18 20 7 12 41 9 14 11 7 245 14 66 151 2,226 1,806 0.6 2.7 6.1 90.6 100.0 30,347 210, 248 348,327 4,750,860 3,519,574 0.6 3.9 6.5 89.0 100.0 18,513 120, 637 226,242 2,561,082 1,777,521 0.6 4.1 7.8 87.5 100 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. .... $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 to $1,000,000. BiNGHAMTON 10 69 299 1,428 7,248 0.6 3.8 16.6 79.1 100.0 23,756 144,828 416,754 2,934,236 18,359,516 0.7 4.1 11.8 83.4 100.0 13,845 92,976 220,213 1,460,488 7,975,746 0.8 5.2 12.4 81.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over 1... 67 89 46 43 2,225 77 417 965 6,789 54,416 1.1 6.8 13.3 79.9 100.0 170, 440 902,997 2,102,603 15,183,476 247,516,476 0.9 4.9 11.5 82.7 100.0 112,910 494,333 1,010,434 6,368,069 89,520,096 1.4 6.2 12.7 79.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . 803 717 392 266 48 106 646 3,306 6,928 23,977 19,559 5,781 1.2 6.1 12.7 44.1 35.9 100.0 1,898,945 7,261,862 17,386,007 78,876,491 142,094,171 11,706,461 0.8 2.9 7.0 31.9 57.4 100.0 1, 246, 561 4,252,905 9,242,711 38,103,177 36,674,742 6,136,228 1.4 4.8 10.3 42.6 40.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000...;. $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over'... 21 29 32 24 68 16 129 825 4,811 2,203 0.3 2.2 14.3 83.2 100.0 42,377 307,093 1,692,137 9,664,854 3,954,226 0.4 2.6 14.5 82.6 100.0 23,602 164, 508 829,984 4, 118, 134 2,421,608 0.5 3.2 16.2 80.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 1... Cortland 21 18 12 7 59 18 72 243 1,870 2,459 0.8 3.3 11.0 84.9 100.0 47,688 151,510 659,882 3, 195, 246 6,437,659 1.2 3.8 14.2 80.8 100.0 30,381 77,568 274,875 2,038,794 2,879,027 1.3 3.2 11.4 84.2 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over i.. . Dunkirk 17 14 18 10 62 14 48 377 2,020 2,989 0.6 2.0 15.3 82.1 100.0 39,131 156,272 794,071 5,448,185 8,366,767 0.6 2.4 12.3 84.6 100.0 22,879 78,496 424,967 2,352,686 4,302,998 0.8 2.7 14.8 81.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over '.. . Elmira 28 12 16 6 145 27 41 250 2,671 4,870 0.9 1.4 8.4 89.4 100.0 63,862 103,614 . 775,813 7,423,478 12,597,024 0.8 1.2 9.3 88.7 100.0 38,776 57,930 351, 189 3,855,103 6,610,162 0.9 1.3 8.2 89.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over i... Fulton 49 45 33 18 51 60 215 663 3,932 3,420 1.2 4.4 13.6 80.7 100.0 116,305 492,746 1,520,060 10,468,913 9,571,962 0.9 3.9 12.1 83.1 100.0 74,133 262,495 749,799 5,523,735 3,632,188 1.1 4.0 11.3 83.6 100 Less than 15,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and over 1... 14 10 14 13 14 43 300 2,686 0.5 1.4 9.9 88.3 29,178 91,491 775,938 8,675,365 0.3 1.0 8.1 90.6 16,834 49,316 372,096 3,193,942 0.5 1.4 10.2 87.9 Table ar— Contd. Num- ber of es- tab- lish- inents. WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF products. VALUE ADDED BY MANOTAOTDEK. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 52 1,692 100.0 $5,240,962 100.0 $1,956; 236 100. Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 1... Glens Falls 16 14 11 11 82 19 60 196 1,417 2,532 1.1 3.5 11,6 83.7 100.0 42,024 127.287 603,078 4,568,573 6,535,019 0.8 2.4 9.6 87.2 100.0 24,605 72,478 244,648 1,614,505 2,993,585 1.3 3.7 12.5 82.9, 100,0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over'... Qloversville 22 28 20 12 211 15 173 520 1,824 5,335 0.6 6.8 20.5 72.0 100.0 58,898 282,207 949, 136 5,244,778 13,384,213 0.9 4.3 14.5 80.3 100.0 34,531 142,894 523,264 2,292,896 5,519,536 1.2 4.8, 17.5 76.6 100. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 61 56 57 37 46 61 246 1,3,57 3,671 2,285 1.1 4.6 25.4 68.8 100.0 120,686 643,144 2,506,956 10,113,427 4,847,594 0.9 4.8 18.7 75.6 100.0 78,529 311,239 1,259,725 3,870,043 2,587,946 1,4 6.6 22,8; 70.1 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 16 13 7 10 48 23 40 294 1,928 1,423 1.0 1.8 .12.9 84.4 lOO.O 45,632 126,933 338,516 4,337,513 3,736,941 0.91 2.6 7.0 89.5 100.0 25,422 62,890 181,677 2,317,957 1,612,341 1.0 2 4 7.0 89.6 Less than $6,000 35,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over 1... 18 14 11 6 74 9 36 238 1,140 815 0.6 2.6 16.7 80.1 100:0 43,188 136,937 534,508 3,022,308 2,243,892 1.2 3.7 14.3 80.9 100.0 22,291 60,410 278,316 1,151,324 1,390,784 1.5 4.0 18.4 76.1 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Jamestown 26 24 20 4 162 29 152 323 311 7,794 3.6 18.7 39.6 38.2 100.0 74,752 247,272 984,910 936,958 17,961,429 3.3 11.0 43.9 41.8 100.0 54,611 152,963 521,039 662,271 9,065,802 3,9 11,0 37.5 47.6 100.0 Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over'... Johnstown 42 36 43 41 126 53 165 994 g,.582 2,532 0,7 2.1 12.8 84.4 100.0 104,475 367,485 2,266,211 15,223,258 6,788,636 0.6 2.0 12.6 84.8 100.0 68,961 234,055 1,231,368 7,531,418 2,947,860 0.8 2.6 13.6 83.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 22 45 38 21 118 23 289 679 1,541 3,076 0.9 11.4 26.8 60.9 100.0 48,638 436,228 1,492,655 4,811,115 6,445,455 0.7 6.4 22.0 70.9 100.0 25,221 236,294 697,829 1,988,516 3,505,449 0.9 8.0 23.7 67.5 100. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20 ,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Little Faees 29 45 49 33 248 734 2,061 3,823 1.1 8.1 23.9 6^.0 100.0 69,075 502,637 1,376,915 4,496,828 '9,927,246 1.1 7.8 21.4 69.8 100.0 • 39,833 253,634 , 654,769 2,557,223 3,774,653 1.1 7.2 18.7 72.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $l,000,000andover... LOCKPORT 7 18 10 10 4 117 8 73 220 1,080 2,442 2,381 0.2 1.9 6.8 28.2 63.9 100.0 17,508 188,150 591,369 2,727,455 6,402,764 8,954,931 0.2 1.9 6.0 27.5 64.5 100.0 11,641 103,275 203,015 1,197,543 2,259,279 3,103,890 0.3 2.7 5.4 3L7 69.9 100. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over ' . . . Middletown 41 26 30 20 77 30 115 607 1,629 1,989 1.3 4.8 25.5 68.4 100.0 97,128 285,922 1,373,120 7,198,761 4,442,792 1.1 3.2 15.3 80.4 100.0 68,424 148,281 630,156 2,262,029 1,869,216 2.2 4.8 20.3 72.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 and over 1... Mount Vernon. . . 23 28 16 10 133 -19 118 337 1,515 1,346 1.0 5.9 16.9 76.2 100.0 47,913 326,879 611,868 3,456,132 3,167,173 1.1 7.4 13.8 77.8 100.0 28,688 143,845 352,135 1,344,548 l,882,95e 1.5 7.7 18.8 71.9 ioo.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. New Rochelle. . . 57 48 20 8 61 52 232 421 641 870 3.9 17.2 31.3 47.6 100.0 134,129 501,673 955,298 1,576,073 1,736,198 4.2 15.8 30.2 49.8 100.0 89,35; 291,57f 624, 11< 977,911 883,62- 4.7 > 1,5.5 I 27.8 61.9 ! 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to$100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 23 23 10 5 16 96 182 676 1.8 11.0 20.9 66.2 51,618 218,424 415,391 1,050,765 3.0 12.6 23.9 60.6 37,04 132,17 196,03 618,3& L 4.2 ) 15.0 5 22.2; L 58.r .'Inclvides the group ' Digitized by '$1,0(10,000 and over." Microsoft® NEW YORK. 1005 Table 27— Contd. dTT AND VAtUE OF PBOnrcT. Num- ber oles- tab- lish- meots. NEWYOKKCraT. less than $5,000.. 45,000 to$20,000... ■J20,000 to 1100,000.... «100,000 to $1,000,000 :$1,000,000 and over . . BRONX BOROUGH. Less than $5,000... 46,000 to $20;000.i.. .$20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 to $1,000,000. 41,000,000 and over. BKOOKLTN BOR- OUGH >,- X6ssihan»5,ogO...-. 45,000 to $20,00ff-... 420,oq0 to $100,000. .. 4100,000 to $1,000,000. 41,000,000,and ovar. . MANHATTAN BOROUGH 2 Less than $5,000.. 45,000 to $20 ,000.., 420,000 to $100,000 4loajooffito $1,000,000. 41,000,000 and over QUEEN3 BOI OUGH Less than $5,000 45,000 to $20,000 420,000 to $100.000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 41,000,000 and over. RICHMOND BOR- OUGH Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20j000to$100,000. .. $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . Newbuegh Less than $.5,000 $5,000 to 20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over'.. Niagara Palls... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000to$100,000. ., $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. North Tona- ■WANDA Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. Ogdensburg. . . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'.. Olean Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,OQP... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over'. Oneonta Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'.. OssnnNG Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 1. 29,621 7,302 10,235 8,096 3,703 285 1,271 462 437 255 111 6,096. 1,087 4,732 7,010 6,324 2,851 170 975 338 199 124 21 192 72 35 51 22 20 156 35 39 34 36 12 74 ■WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age . num- ber. 585,279 9,736 57,616 135,071 257,091 125,765 19,387 361 1,757 3,944 11,095 2,230 140,881 Per cent of total 100.0 1.7 9.8 43.9 21.5 1.9 9.1 20.3 SI:. 2 11. 5 100. 2,683 15,267 27,164 52,647 43.120 385,902 1.9 10. 19.3 37.4 30.6 100.01 6,376 38,886 99,659 178,018 62,963 31,630 255 1,328 3,689 13,072 13,286 7,479 61 378 615 2,269 4,166 4,318 37 198 450 3,633 9,390 36 148 506 2,948 5,752 3,574 65 153 3,327 20 367 415 2,633 73 276 2,275 1,337 10 137 1,091 373 II 115 247 1.7 10.1 25.8 46.1 16.3 100.0 0.8 4.2 11.7 41.3 42.0 100.0 0.8 5.1 8.2 30.2 55.7 100.0 0.9 4.6 10.4 84.1 100.0 0.4 1 5.4 31.4 100.0 0.8 1.8 4.3 93.1 100.0 2.2 10.7 40.9 46.2 100.0 0.3 2.8 10.5 100.0 0.7 7.4 10.2 81.6 100.0 2.9 30.8 66.2 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. Amount. $2,292,831,693 18,738,000 108,165,821 367,361,501 970,470,846 828,105,526 58,708,792 1,060,974 ■' .4,830,679 10,341,213 : 31 66S776 10,807,150 515,302,755 4,438,924 24,966,631 56,321,533 174,940,864 234,634,803 ,519,143,429 12,372,592 . 74,159,912 290,341,696 719,940,277 422,328,952 164,789,481 700,662 3,413,229 9,082,318 37,763,769 113,829,513 34,887,236 164,858 785,370 1,274,741 6,167,159 26,506,108 9,986,564 70,948 493,683 990,149 8,431,784 44,816,698 81,714 387,839 1,375,768 12,034,420 30,936,957 10,040,356 53,294 168,376 367,483 9,451,203 3,401,045 44,073 254,385 873,358 2,229,229 11,577,282 26,571 132,998 642,785 10,774,928 2,372,506 25,256 126,435 366,470 1,854,345 1,120,081 20,296 170,740 929,045 Per cent of total 100.0 0. 4.7 16.0 42.3 36.1 100. 1.8 ,,8.2 17.6 :;53.,9 18.4 100.0 "oTo 4, 10.9 33.9 49.4 100.0 0.8 4.9 19.1 47.4 27.8 100.0 0.4 2.1 5.5 22.9 69.1 100.0 0.6 2.3 3.7 17.6 76.0 lOO.O 0.7 4.9 9.9 84.4 100.0 0.2 0.9 3.1 26.9 69.0 100.0 0.5 1.7 3.7 94.1 100.0 1, 7.5 25.7 65.5 100.0 0.2 1.1 100.0 1.1 5.3 15.4 78.2 100.0 1, 16.2 82.9 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. Amount. $1063,676,988 13,378,664 67,726,483 197,729,723 467,846,724 316,996,394 30,721,765 2,553,253 5,565,934 16y?¥.210 5,662,132 217,034,037 3,064,167 14,564,423 .30.353,773 79,960,335 .89,101/339 758,515,914 9,054,102 48,384,891 156,309,862 349,553,111 195,213,948 46,030,792 449,242 1,816,847 4,787,976 18,785,187 20,191,540 11,374,480 115,917 407,069 712,178 3,311,881 6,827,435 4,712,963 44,184 272,791 622,669 3,873,319 19,391,386 64,378 222,401 741,433 5,660,179 12,712,995 3,955,469 30, 94, 169 438 3,660,231 1,298,066 28, 122, 467, 679, 1,522,357 19,430 80,847 383,477 1,038,603 1,133,984 15,426 69,777 224,532 824,249 696,572 13,481 103,457 Per cent of total. 100.0 1.3 6.4 18.6 44.0 29.8 100.0 2.3 8,3 18.1 52,9, 18.4 100.0 1.4 6.7 14.0 36.8 41.1 100.0 1.2 6.4 20.6 46.1 25.7 100.0 10.4 40.8 43.9 100.0 1.0 3.6 29.1 60.0 100.0 0.9 6.8 11.1 82,2 100.0 0.3 1.1 . 3.8 29.2 65.6 100.0 0.8 2.4 4.3 92.5 100.0 2.2 9.4 36.0 52.4 100.0 1.3 5.3 25.2 68.2 100.0 1.4 6.1 19.8 72.7 100.0 1.9 14.9 679,594| 83.2 ■Includes the group of $1,000,030 and oyer. ^ includes t CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Oswego . Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . Peekskill Lessthan $6,000 $.5,000 to420,000 $20i000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1.: Plattsbubg Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000..., $100,000 to $1,000,000, Poet Chester Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over 1.. Poughkeepsie . . . Less than $.5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over. Eensselaek Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over'.. Rochester Less than $6,000.. $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over.. BOME Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Saratoga Springs Less than $6,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 and overs.. , SCHEUECTADY. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Syracuse Less than $6,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000, $1,000,000 and over... Trot Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Utica Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Wateetown Less than $5,000 $5,0OO to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.., $100,000 and over'.. Num- ber of es- tab- lish- 16 21 7 6 176 "m 64 41 18 3 32 4 1,244' 372, 421 269 160 22, 18 16 17 185 82 64 26, 13j 742' 277] 220 155 80 10 364' 120 118 75 43 101 74' 43 8 91 ■WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber. 4,331 23 104 299 2,875 1,030 1,781 145 1,529 13 66 • 302 451 2,278 Per cent of total 100.0 0.5 2.4 100.0 0.5 5.5 8.1 86.9 100.0 36.7 64.9 100.0 14 71 94 2,099 4,729 ~56 274 857 1,612 1,930 811 0.6 3.1 4.1 92.1 100.0 1.2 5, 18.1 34.1 40.8 100.0 44, 113 1.1 10.9 3.0 85.1 100.0 407 2,732 6,099 17,274 17,601 0.9 6.2 13.8 39.2 39.9 3,937 100.0 65 72 422 1,419 1,969 869 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $12,650,095 40,718 231,024 852,992 5,885,853 5,639,508 8,301,092 26,129 252,370 317,712 7,704,881 1,883, 31,230 130, 666 461,574 1,260,397 6,741,228 44,360 213, 760 243,202 6,239,906 12,791,325 100,273 594,310 1,918,185 4, 189, 343 5,989,214 2,755,418 30,835 112,800 165, 445 2, 446, 338 140, 696, 682 936,306 4, 473, 757 12,282,768 50, 166, 889 72,836,963 16,730,078 1.4 1 10. 7j 36. 0: 60. 0: 100.0 18, 55 796, 2.1' 6.3 91.6, 17,707! 100.0 71 197 337 17, 102 0.4 1.1 1.9 96.6 17,651!' 100.0 328| 1,019 2, 818 8,5.?8' 4,848, 1.9 5.8 16.1 48.6 27.6! 17,421! 100.0 104 613 1,360 4,550 10, 894 12,714 100.0' 0.6 2.9 7.8 26.1 62.5 81,983 188, 520 1,020,532 4,869,081 10,569,962 2,893,451 44, 407 189, 156 2,659,888 48, 762, 807 189, 865 628,852 1,241,671 46,702,419 52,163,940 62.5, 502 2,309,512 7,425,002 24,876,145 16,928,779 39,929,860 247, 219 1,246,485 3, 108, 957 ■ 12, 825, 861 22, 501, 328 . 30, 490, 235 87 406 1,415 4,175 6,631j 3,148 100.0 0.7, 3.2 ll.ll 32.8 62.2 15, 110 442, 2, 5811 0.6' 3.6; 14. 0! 82.0! 48,599 309,235 976,220 7,950,218 Per cent of total. 100.0 100.0 0.3 3.0 92.8 100.0 1.7 6.9 24.5 0.7 3.2 3.6 92.6 100.0 0.8 4.6 15.0 32.8 46.8 100.0 1.1 4.1 6.0 100.0 0.7 3.2 8.7 35.7 61.8 I 100.0 0.5 1.1 6.1; 29.1' 63.2 I 100.0 1.5 6.5 91.9 100.0 0.4 1.3 2.5 95.8, 100.0' 1.2 4i4 14.2 47.7 32.5 100.0' 0.6 3.1 7.8 32.1 66.4 100.0 0.7 3.2 11.5 39.0 46.6 100.0 0.5 3.3 10.5 85.6 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. Amount. $4,692,797 26,278 144,971 399,621 2,121,465 1,900,462 5,258,171 ■17,439 , 120,-880 ' 157,918 4,961,934 801, 147 .13,648 68,382 255,509 463,608 2,376,452 30,370 110,481 127,629 2,107,972 6,676,197 51,285 324,005 1,072,407 2, 135, 167 3,093,333 1,332,753 19,252 76, 610 49, 518 1,187,473 82, 167, 133 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.6 3.2 8.7 46.2 41.4 100.0 0.3 2.3 3.0 94.4 100.0 1.7 8.5 31.9 57.9 100.0 1.3 4.6 5.4 88.7 100.0 0.8 4.9 16.1 32.0 46.3 100.0 608,628 2,862,476 7,089,148 27, 23,5, 631 44,371,350 4, 267, 168 1,477,949 24,668 86,087 1,368,194 26,241,978 113,964 301, 398 468,980 26,367,636 28,412,849 428, 128 1,366,1 3,727,892 12,957,635 9, 933, 105 22,311,736 166, 810 708, 786 1,708,611 6,909,592 12,818,937 13,637,432 140,935 526,627 1,567,118 6, 160, 843 5,241,909 4,175,653 28,646 156,679 680,214 3,410,114 1.4 6.7 3.7 89.1 100.0 0.7 3.5 8.6 S'i.l 64.0 100.0 1.1 2.1 10.2 37.9 100.0 1.7 -5.8 92.6 100.0 0.4 1.1 1.7 96.7 100.0 1.5 4.8 13.1 45.6 35.0 100.0 0.7 3.2 7.7 31.0 67.5 100.0 1.0 3.9 11.5 46.2 38.4 100.0 the eronj0^,fl^^0i^,<^y ^^^@?Sg)g@^|@$100,000 to $1,000,000," and " U,000,000 and over. 13.9 81.7 1006 MANUFACTURES. Table 27— Contd. Num- ber of es- tab- lish- ments. wage EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. aiY AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Watekvliet 40 759 100.0 $1,611,501 100.0 $806,343 100.0 Less than t5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 11,000,000". White Plains 14 13 13 44 9 56 694 316 1.2 7.4 91.4 100.0 117; 089 1,463,729 990,166 1.9 7.3 90.8 100.0 16,322 2.0 70,133 8.7 719,888 89.3 632,634 100.0 Less than 15,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 13 19 9 3 186 8 85 114 109 12,650 2.5 26.9 36.1 34.5 100.0 30,562 192,025 332, 134 435,445 67,222,673 3.1 19.4 33.5 44.0 100.0 22,951 126,215 224,340 259,128 15,114,317 3.6 19.9 35.5 41.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... 84 58 27 11 6 61 210 338 711 11,330 0.5 1.7 2.7 5.6 89.6 169,993 596,788 1,107,189 3,490,577 61,858,126 0.3 0.9 1.6 5.2 92.0 108, 121 319,869 599, «5 1,889,S5 12,197,317 0.7 2.1 4.0 12.5 80.7 1 Includes the group "5100,000 to $1,000,000." In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a majority of the wage earners and the bulk of manufactures reported by establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. There are 15 cities in which over 90 per cent of the value of products was reported by estabhshments of such size— Yonkers, with 97.2 per cent, heading the list. In 31 cities less than 5 per cent of the total value of products was contributed by establishments with products valued at less than $20,000. Of the total number of establishments in each of the 5 leading cities, those having products valued at less than $20,000 represented 59.2 per cent, m New York; 68.3 per cent, ia Buffalo; 63.7 per cent, in Rochester; 76.3 per cent, in Yonkers; and 67 per cent, in Syra- cuse. The value of their products, however, formed only 5.5, 3.7, 1.1, and 5.6 per cent, respectively. Table 28 shows the si^e of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 58 of the more im- portant industries, and for each of 52 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 29 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 28, and for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries. Table 28 njDUSTBT AND CITT. Estab- lish- ments Wage earners number). ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— No wage earn- ers. as 1 to 5 wage si -I ^1 6 to 20 wage earners. CO S 21 to 50 wage earners. ■as 51 to 100 wage earners. i4 sri 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. fi , M n P 1^ Over 1,000 wage earners. «S2 ^1 All industries A gricultural implements , Artifleial flowers and feathers and plumes - . ■ Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including out stock and findings Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper prod- ucts Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Buttons Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag . Carriages and wagons, and mate- rials - Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by electric- railroad companies Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts. Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 48,203 1,057,857 5,871 22,761 52,663 10,764 122,244 4,831 166,090 2,063 146,169 195,018 406 138,995 117,016 129,662 247 309 331 228 4,249 189 224 987 14 604 " 61 107 70 2,627 3,836 349 791 17 61 160 99, 216 5,392 7,715 12,122 27,561 14,192 6,627 27,002 7,494 5,223 8,757 12,540 3,911 4,921 20,234 7,780 81,370 108,393 10,768 16,040 5,505 9,127 4,857 5,514 23,738 26 348 3 4 11 12 115 107 81 47 97 3,095 19 116 774 21 325 252 215 156 233 7,807 58 316 108 83 24 62 23 5 12 664 720 170 437 965 54 14 34 1,901 2,298 417 995 157 52 14 127 67 86 121 60 668 68 57 113 2 126 16 12 19 983 ,486 79 191 3 15 27 48 60 194 1,482 , 735 1,012 1,556 714 5,938 866 557 1,117 27 1,304 213 168 219 12,345 18,720 861 2,176 42 159 312 560 674 18 11 557 1,010 28 23 2,602 908 1,460 2,995 666 2,592 2,267 700 1,812 24 499 566 383 18,058 32,639 913 1,527 130 177 328 477 19 11 181 376 17 22 20 278 3,576 31 121 339 80 881 30 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 215 1,371 961 1,537 2,820 843 2,158 1,814 882 1,265 190 740 315 1,S22 747 12,676 26,612 1,173 1,572 400 562 802 190 1,492 11 772 134 24 2,035 1,998 5,552 2,761 1,329 2,636 1,052 1,125 1,727 779 413 541 4,780 1,834 13,310 19,393 3,578 2,539 585 1,320 1,524 1,320 2,816 664 2,332 5,245 1,927 923 2,684 765 1,517 6,054 705 981 567 577 674 1,116 765 2,652 318 10,153 8,234 911 2,804 340 1,435 1,224 1,320 2,057 8,278 2,409 10,485 697 2,915 3,065 844 1,349 510 3,41» 6,486! 1,977 1,224 ■2,206 10,404, 2,707 2,254 1,836 2,442 1,36$ 3,559 4,116 1,595 13,827 NEW YORK. 1007 rable 28— Continued. INDUSTBY AND CITY. Estab- lish- ments. rood preparations, not elsewhere specified foundry and machine-shop products te goods F'umisbing goods, men's E'uniituie and refrigerators 3as and electric fixtures and lamps and reQtctors 3as, iuuminating and heating. . . Sieves and mittens, leather Sats and caps, other than felt^ straw, and wool r. ^ts, lur-felt J Sosier; and ^mit goods [inn and steel, steel works and rolling mills lewelry Leather goods [ieather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber andjimber products . Marble and stone worl; UOIinery and lace goods Uusicai instruments, pianos and organs and materials Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prepa- rations Photographic apparatus and ma- teiiEils Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere sjpecifled Sbipboiiding, including boat building. Sill: goods, includiug throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing. . Soap , i^obacco manufactures rypewriters and supplies woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats Ul other industries ■Wage earners (average number). 287 3,093 877 346 758 183 131 216 24 566 605 153 1,776 651 1,308 150 113 806 59 207 143 337 65 2,871 61 51 10,091 Total for cities ' 39, llBANT \JISTEKDAM. lUBDBN 3ATAVU SEAOON Sdighamton. JUOTALO 'CH0B3 !0KNDIQ 'OBILAND JtUKIEK Slmiea roKroN. lENETA iLEirs FAIJ.3.. rLOVEESVILLE , iOENEIX L. lUDSON ... IBACA AMESTOWN ohnstown Cdiqston JTTLE Fails.. lOCKPOBT toDLETOWN. . tocMT Vernon. . fEW ROCHELLE . . fEW YoEK City. fEWBUBGH [uoAKA Falls. . 476 117 123 57 41 245 2,225 106 58 59 62 145 51 52 82 211 46 48 74 162 126 118 49 117 77 133 61 29,621 128 156 4,031 66,690 5,904 17,495 22,163 4,501 10,090 6,026 4,187 3,563 40,095 10,788 5,051 7,473 5,360 9,826 21,503 4,798 28,124 12,602 13,570 6,699 7,426 64,020 3,633 6,076 11,658 6,841 3,168 30,489 4,446 8,552 159,220 904,817 9,371 10, 774 5,769 2,457 1,806 7,248 54,416 ,5,781 2, 203 2,459 2,989 4,870 3,042 1,692 2,532 6,335 2,285 1,423 815 7,794 2,532 3,076 3,823 2,381 1,989 1,346 870 585,279 4,318 9,390 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No wage earn- ers. 11 171 68 32 29 9 9 11 14 1 15 2 108 64 61 221 2 34 1 27 11 1,115 2 a 1,250 ,719 85 5 19 11 3 24 384 10 10 7 13 17 4 3 12 25 6 12 16 12 13 8 3 17 11 23 13 1,351 22 17 1 to 5 wage earners. 160 1,748 552 101 309 108 13 146 1 285 290 19 1,042 315 428 23 11 34 417 27 1,840 103 12 211 1,352 27 5 5,771 233 57 51 25 20 115 1,019 35 25 .25 26 71 18 26 31 23 19 27 56 40 54 19 46 41 73 27 12,643 57 52 345 4,059 1,390 292 794 185 136 162 326 454 1 674 605 52 20 2,237 695 1,195 55 33 861 60 225 42 426 74 65 10 11,575 42,055 562 135 132 61 53 291 2,264 86 46 56 50 192 35 64 77 186 62 39 67 124 121 127 54 97 107 164 56 32,289 141 135 6 to 20 wage earners. 643 200 101 184 128 .10 128 137 142 107 12 55 13 234 15 6 1,804 9,735 25 8 7 51 418 24 12 11 13 31 12 9 17 50 5 7 22 40 28 10 26 10 22 13 7,834 21 540 6,995 2,046 1,169 2,222 648 243 797 1,473 133 1,381 1,497 1,738 237 512 4,297 1,316 5,672 594 428 1,193 134 9,637 96 362 471 635 163 2,407 161 19,775 110,794 970 255 268 93 74 533 4,618 303 125 137 154 321 128 78 187 648 49 79 263 473 473 313 123 317 125 246 137 89,624 242 413 21 to 60 wage earners. 259 58 51 117 41 58 24 47 154 41 196 38 20 42 7 291 18 31 21 5 84 7 6 TOl 4,353 25 184 16 4 10 5 3,456 11 17 606 8,292 1,602 1,764 3,852 1,021 682 1,014 860 126 1,683 115 1,311 1,778 799 1,663 4,932 1,235 6,397 1,206 1,259 651 1,395 208 9,683 222 544 1,034 730 163 2,609 210 148 22,611 140,235 871 374 410 124 107 932 5,704 533 161 300 172 439 245 185 858 121 194 219 723 685 513 207 605 218 277 166 111,004 330 533 51 to 100 wage earners. 141 9 35 71 50 6 13 24 15 35 47 8 91 22 30 10 12 2 108 10 33 11 2 31 2 11 272 1,804 20 2 3 4 1 11 102 8 17 ^i 870 9,903 611 2,573 5,414 647 353 1,534 777 302 3,652 458 832 1,688 1,002 2,482 3,345 516 6,197 1,619 2,134 760 849 129 7,686 708 2,452 705 164 2,209 128 809 19,236 127,163 1,345 136 ,225 325 55 821 7,104 624 71 227 154 212 147 1,041 201 1,206 596 468 177 311 307 358 58 95,763 413 971 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 50O wage earners. •9S 11 191 1,072 S,2 1,215 13,618 255 3,054 6,295 1,244 2,134 1,565 487 105 9,198 772 118 1,412 1,479 2,717 4,476 382 4,661 3,200 3,939 984 720 737 11,884 556 785 2,550 792 370 4,799 1,063 1,842 29,700 162,350 2,476 1,118 1,139 472 795 2,215 11,820 1,427 970 716 183 717 796 884 858 1,648 805 385 266 1,595 767 733 714 1,051 492 301 453 103,549 1-169 1,415 P4 26 325 455 11,612 2,998 756 1,202 954 264 1,471 7,482 912 619 252 965 1,312 1,605 654 2,002 3,823 3,870 1,780 681 788 1,238 641 534 3,266 1,204 2,577 298 2,394 22,682 110,700 1,394 1,353 964 722^ 595 8,711 1,205 332 1,210 874 954 435 1,116 411 699 63,629 1,452 2,081 501 to 1,000 wage earners. CO n 145 4,490 2,352 67? 8,912 3,328 1,120 611 2,105 1^07 8,270 1,888 1,393 1,844 2,149 671 7,808 817 1,696 18,279 100,980 Over 1,000 wage earners. 7,721 5,395 5,340 1,393 7,333 5,202 5,370 3,096 1,525 1,17 5,441 1,724 1,684 15,362 627 3,933 1,522 737 7,447 901 560 622 2,557 511 791 740 55 110,540 1,124 6,74S 1,603 1,182 2,027 1,204 1,684 1,158 49,054 571 3,842 25 I 40,367 1 Excludes Lackawanna, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1008 MANUFACTURES. Table 38— Continued. TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDUSTRY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage . earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 wage earners. ^^^ Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). ss II ^1 11 ^1 ll *l ll If ■SiS || •°1 If 11 t| NOKTH TONAWANDA 74 71 53 36 32 76 63 39 60 176 32 1,244 95 51 185 742 364 306 91 40 44 186 3,574 898 2,633 1,337 373 4,331 1,781 822 2,278 4,729 811 44,113 3,937 869 17,707 17,551 17,421 12,714 3,148 ■ 759 316 12,650 6 7 2 4 2 8 7 "'io' 17 10 164 • 8 8 30 109 65 34 11 9 7 45 32 34 20 17 19 21 23 22 25 86 12 506 47 , 25 117 356 . 152 141 36 17 23 93 58 77 . 38 32 . 38 59 53 48 62 184 . 22 1,188 96 60 237 837 358 ■ 364 77 34 67 213 11 22 13 9 4 20 12 8 8 36 5 284 17 . 13 22 141 74 57 20 5 10 28 134 261 .161 93 39 212 105 87 78 393 56 3,240 169 148 229 1,638 783 683 244 69 119 284 8 7 7 2 5 7 . 4 5 3 . 21 2 142 9 1 7 67 37 30 6 5 4 8 262 232 217 71 , 152 .'227 140 157 122 711 - 75 4,774 284 36 225, 2,210 1,168 956 209 141 140 227 9 691 4 664 3 1 1 1,134 328 461 1 631 Ogdensbukg Olean 6 3 2 7 2 3 403 174 144 473 161 224 3 ,385 1 1 968 967 Oneonta OssnqnJG Oswego 7 3 920 523 5 1 1 2 , 1 2 23 3 1 1,870 283 306 733 316 585 8,046 1,01'9 302 ,1 1 670 516 Peekskill. . .' Plattsburq Poet Chester .2 3 . 1,283 .1,931 Podghkeepsie . 6 1 58 5 1 , 4' 32 16 ; 23 12 1 396 73 4,041 362 98 284 2,289 1,086 '1,607 838 79 6 , 798 Eensselaer 54 5 2 3 22 8 12 5 3 7,687 783 . 225 498 3,625 1,141 1,784 781 436 .10 6,891 3. 1 ■"8;2ii8 1,224 EOME Saratoga Springs Schenectady. 2 16,234 Syracuse 9 5 4 3,092 1,974 1,515 . 6' 5 2 1 ■4,660 4 187 1,471 999 Troy,..; 2 3 "6,' 724 4,434 Uhca Watertown Watervleit White Plains Yonkers 4 296 2 .301 1 430 2 1,405 3 9,494 Table 29 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OB WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHM ENT3 EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. lto5 5.0 4.8 6 to 20 21 to 50 ■14 8 61 to 100 13 S 101 to 250 18.4 18.9 251 to 600 13.1 13 2 601 to 1,000 11.1 9.8 Over 1,000 12.2 10.6 lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 261 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 11.6 12.1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. 1914 1909 1914 1909 6.2 6.4 0.1 0.1 13.6 9.5 13.6 11.7 9.8 13.7 "i'.i .16.8 15.1 10.6 12.5 17.5 17.0 6.2 14.1 19.1 13.0 15.3 13.9 8 5 16.2' 14.5 9.7 Agricultural implements 0.4 0.9 3.6 2.2 6.1' 4.0 8.5| 6.6 5.7 2.6 7.4 12.0 26.6 37.3 46.2 30.9 0.8 2.4 1.1 64.6 66.9 Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes. 1914 1909 4.2 2.6 19.2 16.4 32.4 17.8 33.3 20.0 26.4 23.9 "3.9 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 0.1 0.1 1.7 1.0 1.9 2.5 6.2 6.8 14.5 11.6 16.7 16.9 14.8 10.6 45.1 52.6 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 2.ll 6.1 0.8| 3.9 7.6 7.9 7.8 9.5 16.6 17.0 19.2 10.0 12.6 16.4 28.2 35.7 Cuttlery and tools, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 3.2 3.6 6.4 6.8 7.8 9.3 16.6 23.3 31.4 22.3 25.2 33.7 10.5 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 0.8 1.2 3.7 4.0 5.3 5.6 6.1 10.1 20.1 22.6 19.0 17.5 22.0 33.1 23.5 5.4 Dyeing and finishing textiles . . . 1914 1909 0.9 0.9 10.2 8.4 8.7 8.6 3.4 5.9 23.9 10.3 23.9 28.1 'si's 28.9 Boxes, fancy and paper 1914 1909 1.1 1.2 11.0 12.7 21.1, 19.9 25.7 23.3 19.4 28.0 13.6 2 7 "6.4 13.9 Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and supplies. 1914 1909 0.8 1.2 2.8 3.6 2.9 4.5 6.3 6.0 11.9 12.3 8.7 2.4 8.4 3.4 68.2 66.7 Brass, bronze, and copper prod- ucts. 1914 1909 3.6 4.6 10.8 13.7 9.9 8.8 12.7 11.9 20.1 26.4 13.9 20.9 10.6 14.8 18.5 Taney articles, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 9.5 5.5 24.6 20.7 26.7 21.3 21.6 20.6 18.6 14.3 •ii'i Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 1914 1909 28.9 35.9 22 o' 9.6 24. 7| 8. 6 8.0 8.8 9.8 7.2 9.9 7.2 3.6 8.2 7.6 Food preparations, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 8.6 7.5 13.4 11.2 15.0 9.7 21.6 22.0 30.1 38.0 11.3 11.5 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 1914 1909 0.8 0.9 11.6 30.1 8.7| 26.3 24.2 26.6 14.0 27.6 11.7 11.0 ..!:° Foundry and • machine-shop products. 1914 1909 6.1 2.9 10.5 9.8 12.4 13.7 14.8 15.1 20.4 20.6 17.4 17.2 6.7 12.4 11.6 8.3 Buttons 1914 1909 6.1 3.2 10.7 13.4 9.4| 7.8 16.9 15.1 21.5 25.1 20.4 26.9 11.0 12.5 1914 1909 23.5 15.7 34.7 36.4 27.1 27.3 10.3 9.8 4.3 10.8 Canning and preserving 1914 1909 16.0 15.7 12 8 19.3 20.7 22.3 14.4 18.5 19.7 16.7 8.7 7.7 7.4 Furnishing goods, men's 1914 1909 1.7 1.9 6.7 8.0 10.1 10.1 14.7 8.6 17.5 15.2 5.1 11.0 13.4 14.6 30.8 30,6 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1914 1909 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 1.6 2.7 6.2 1.9 "6.0 8.9 4.7 83.0 83.9 Fiuniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 3.6 3.2 10.0 11.2 17.4 19.4 24.4 24.6 28.4 23.2 13.5 18.6 2.6 Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. 1914 1909 24.4 14.9 33.3 26.4 12.8 ,13.4 18.9 21.1 10.6 18.2 "e.'o ;:;:; Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors. 1914 1909 4.1 2 9 14.4 10.6 22.7 18.6 14.4 15.5 27.6 41.5 16.8 10.9 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by electric- railroad companies. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Chemicals 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1.1 1,6 0.1 0.1 0.4 1.3 2.3 1.9 2.1 1.6 4.3 4.4 0.8 1.0 2.8 3.9 16.2 16.1 17.3 15.0 6.8 7.2 2.8 2.4 4 9 6.4 9.7 7.5 6.0 Q P. 11.0 11.4 23.6 10.4 99 R 15.3 13.1 18.3 4.1 12.0 12.5 12.7 7.6 7.8 '12.7 40.9 49.9 31.0 12.4 12.9 9.2 OR 55.0 53.1 11.1 11.9 23.6 25.6 3.0 2.3 Gas, illuminating and heating . . Gloves and mittens, leather. . .. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wooh Hats, fur-felt 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1.3 2.3 2.7 3.3 7.8 9.0 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.4 2.4 4.4 13.2 13.4 35.2 35.0 3.7 2.2 3.4 3.9 6.8 6.0 16.8 11.5 20.5 21.8 3.5 5.1 4.2 5.3 3.5 4.9 25.4 26.3 18.6 15.9 8.5 5.6 9.1 9.2 21.1 17.8 26.0 23.6 11.6 10.1 2.9 22.9 28.7 11.9 21.3 15.8 21.8 6.3 8.2 ::::: 52.9 43.3 9.6, 9.3| 25.9 4,3! 39.1 Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's 22.2 26.4 30.0 29.3 16.6 16.3 16.4 15.1 Hosiery and knit goods 30.3 18.! 22.7 10.5 22.2 17.9 45.5 18.3 22.6 22.6 Ll.;:::: 11.8 1914 1909 3.9 2.8 8.0 8.4 8.6 14.3 10.9 33.2 12.9 31.4 8.5 16.9 27.ll 13.3 Iron and steel, steelworks and rolUng mills. 1914 1909 ^] "b'.i 1.1 1.2 4.2 2.9 7.2 5.8 8;S 22. C 30.8 15.6 48.2 62.4 Digiti^&tY'f^&f'^^'ft® NEW YORK. 1009 Table 39— Continued. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Jewelry Leather goods. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. . Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Cen- sus yeai. Musical instnnnents, pianos and organs and materials. Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere Patent medicines and com- pounds and druggists' prepa- rations. Photographic apparatus and materials. Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Shipbuilding, including boat building. Silk goods, Including throw- sters. Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Woolen, worsted, add felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries Total for cities.. Albany Amsterdam., Auburn Batavia BEACON'. BiNOHAMTON.. Buffalo COHOES Corning..!.., Cortland Dunkirk Elmika Fulton Geneva Glens Falls.. Gloversville. HOBNELL Hudson Ithaca Jamestown..^. Johnstown... Kingston Little Falls. lookport Middletown.. 1914 1909 19U 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 82101°— 18- -64 6 to 20 13.3 10.6 7.0 1.0 0.9 10.4 9.8 14.5 13.4 0.2 0.2 1, 2.7 15.1 18.2 0.8 1.1 7.2 7.3 1.0 2.1 3.7 4.7 0.4 0.5 ,6.4 5.1 2.3 2.4 8.7 10.8 1.5 1.4 0.1 0.2 7.3 7.8 4.6 29.6 28.6 23.3 22.6 21 to 50 6.0 L2 2.3 2.5 2.9 4.0 4.2 1.5 2.1 2.3 L7 3.9 1.1 3.8 3.0 3.5 2.3 2.7 8.2 1.6 4.8 4.1 L4 4.1 6.4 4.4 5.4 6.2 7.1 20.0 20.4 27.4 23.5 21.7 20.7 4.7 5.5 3.2 4.9 8.2 9.3 20.9 1 3.2 15.1 15.2 2.6 51 to 100 6.0 12.8 4.0 3.7 9.6 9.0 6.1 5.2 7.9 10.1 3.4 3.4 0.8 1.2 12.4 13.7 12.2 10.4 2.4 4.6 3.8 4.1 7.4 8.6 5.2 5.7 6.6 6.2 6.6 4.2 4, 7.4 6.6 32.3 6. 18.7 10.2 3.2 13.3 6.3 26.0 27.9 23.8 28.9 14.9 14.2 16.9 22.9 20.3 25.7 32.6 24.5 30. 9.6 11.2 9.3 14.2 14.0 10..? 24.5 24.8 2.8 6.8 15.0 14.6 6.1 12.9 9.0 10.6 8.9 9.2 11.0 12.6 6.1 6.5 8.6 9.6 4.7 2.7 1.7 3.6 14.2 15.4 15.5 9.3 3.5 7.1 5.0 6.9 12.9 10.5 9.2 7. 12.2 6. 9.0 8.1 10.9 15.4 16.1 5.3 13.6 26.9 23.1 16.7 5.4 25.4 11.0 16.5 15.6 22.6 20.0 18.V 23.5 25.3 28.1 15.6 17.5 10.8 16.5 23.7 21.9 12.8 16.6 16.7 23.3 16, 14.1 14.9 19.2 1.7 5.5 12.0 12.8 11.7 16.5 21.0 17.5 10.6 9.9 5.2 7.2 8.5 2.9 3.4 9.5 7.5 12.1 12.7 14.1 14.4 1.3 3.9 13.2 3.0 11.3 13.1 10.8 2.8 2.4 4.7 5.1 19.5 8.8 4.2 15." 5 23.5 15.2 4.6 13.1 15.4 2.3 6.6 18.9 13.5 27.6 34.3 27.7 24.8 20.8 19, 8.0 14.0 17.8 20.0 25.4 30, 29.0 32.2 21.2 31.2 12.6 11.6 9.9 5.6 18.6 17.2 15.3 31.8 12.9 6.2 21.9 32.3 11.9 13.2 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 12.3 11.7 7.9 17.8 21.6 13.4 12.7 7.5 7.5 13.6 15.6 11.4 2.8 6.0 7.7 3.4 30.3 19.8 28.5 21.2 38.4 32.3 11.7 26.1 15.7 16.6 23.7 6.0 21.5 21.8 18.7 18.5 17.9 26.4 10.4 19.7 19.2 44.0 30.6 21.7 24.7 44.0 29.1 6.1 14.7 26. 52.2 33.9 30.9 36.2 26.7 32. 20.5 29.9 23.8 18.7 44.1 24.7 10. 14.4 13.6 17.6 43.2 28.0 28.7 18.1 22.3 12.4 20.6 8.5 13.8 6.7 7.1 28.0 24.2 14.2 12.7 14.9 12.6 16.7 8.2 16.0 20.8 11.1 24.8 15. 34.5 17.9 19.0 14.3 13.4 15.7 16.7 15.7 14.1 4.1 12.9 11.5 52.0 9.7 15.8 32.4 27.9 21.2 25.6 13.6 18.4 11.3 18.7 1L5 11.4 11.2 6.7 36.5 26. 10.2 13.7 40.9 27.2 48.2 16. 20.7 37.2 72.3 77.9 4.8 7.8 25.1 29.1 36.9 37.0 17.8 17.1 38.8 64.7 19.7 17.5 7.9 12.2 12.0 32.2 19.2 56.2 15.5 12.4 27.7 67.8 24.7 65.4 30. i Table 29— Continued. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Mount Vernon 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 12.2 6.4 5.5 3.3 1.4 1.6 8.6 L4 2.4 10.2 1.4 3.0 5.8 2.7 3.9 2.7 2.7 2.4 6.9 1.3 4.8 2.1 2.9 2.4 4.5 18.0 L7 18.3 15.7 15.3 6.6 4.4 3.7 29.1 6.1 7.0 10.5 4.9 5.9 10.6 3.4 8.3 6.9 7.3 4.3 17.0 1.3 8.8 4.5 4.6 7.8 9.1 37.7 2.2 20.6 19.1 19.0 7.6 5.7 7.3 25.8 8.2 5.3 40.8 5.2 7.9 19.1 5.4 15.0 9.2 10.8 7.2 4.1 1.3 12.6 6.7 7.5 . 6.6 18.6 44.3 L8 26.6 6.7 16.4 9.6 10.3 19.3 'is.'s 13.0 38.6 10.9 9.0 27.3 22.4 52.1 17.7 27.1 15.1 18.6 'ii'e 10.9 33.6 22.2 31.7 36.5 17.5 8.4 13.2 40.9 17.7 "36.'8 72.3 6.9 Niagara. Falls North Tonawanda Oneonta Oswego 21.2 29.4 43.2 15.9 37.2 32.2 6.7 72.1 18.2 25.9 34.8 13.2 29.0 Poet Chester 56.3 40.8 'is. 6 Foughkeepsie . . . 8.4 9.0 9.2 9.2 11.3 1.6 13.0 6.2 12.6 26.6 10.4 16.9 'if.'i 19.9 25.9 2.8 20.1 6.6 14.0 24.8 57.4 Rensselaer 18,7 31.1 Saratoga Sprinqs 11,7 17.6 11.3 11.9 23.1 24.0 11.6 31.7 Troy 38.6 34.9 White Plains YONKERS 2.3 2.4 3.4 11.1 75.1 Of the 48,203 establishments in the state, 5,871, or 12.2 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These areMibmparatively small plants, in which the work was done by the proprietors or firm raembers. Some of these establishments employed a few wage earners for a short time, but the number was so small and the period of employment so short that in com- puting the average number, as described in the "Ex- planation of terms," no wage earners could be shown. Nearly one-haK of these small plants were printing and pubhshing estabhshments, and tobacco factories. Of the remaining groups, those employing 50 or less wage earners constituted 79.6 per cent of all estab- hshments, but gave employment to only 31.4 per cent of the total wage earners. The groups of estabhshments having more, than 50 wage earners represented only 8.2 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state, but gave em- ployment to 726,860 wage earners, or 68.7 per cent of the total. The largest single group consisted of the 22,761 estabhshments employing from 1 to 5 wage earners. While this group represented 47.2 per cent of the factories of the state, it employed only 5 per cent of the total wage earners. A majority of the carriage and wagon factories, bakeries, flour mills and grist- mills, foundry and machine shops, lumber mills, and tobacco factories employed from 1 to 5 wage earners only. In the foHowing industries the majority of wage earners were in estabhshments giving employ- ment to more than 250 wage earners: Automobile fac- tories, boot and shoe factories, cotton mills, railroad repair shops, chemical works, estabhshments dyeing and finishing textiles, electrical machinery factories, Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1010 MANUFACTURES. gas plants, fur-felt hat establishments, knitting mills, steel works and rolling miUs, sMpbuilding plants, slaughtering and meat-packing establishments, soap factories, and woolen and worsted mills. There were 641 establishments in the state, which gave employment to over 250 wage earners in 1914, compared wi-th 585 estabhshments in 1909. The proportion of" wage earners employed in the large es- tabhshments in 1914 was also greater than in 1909- Among the establishments reporting over 1,000 wage earners in 1914 there were 5 foundries and machine shops, 4 knitting mills, 4 tobacco factories, and 3 establishments each in the boot and shoe, carpet and rug, cotton-goods, and steel-works and roUing-mills industries. The cities reporting 3 or more of these large estabhshments were New York, 25; Buffalo, 4; and Rochester, Utica, and Yonkers 3 each. There is considerable variation among the cities in the predominant group employing the largest number of wage earners. In 15 of the cities listed, the great- est proportion of the total wage earners worked in estabhshemts having from 101 to 250 wage earners each. The highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by estabhshments employing more than 250 wage earners each are shown for Schenectady, 91.7; Yonkers, 89.6; Port Chester, 88.5; and Amsterdam, 81.3. In New York, Mount Vernon, Ossining, and White Plains, the greatest proportion of wage earners were employed in establishments having less than 100 wage earners. Engines and power. — ^Table 30 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors oper- ated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors oper- «ated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Table 30 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWEE. POWEE. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 115,469 67,137 19,032 2,356,655 1,997,682 1,516,592 100.0 100.0 18,883 11,223 4,530 3,130 96,586 96,586 21,239 12,538 4,656 4,045 45,898 45,898 . 19,032 12,215 2,928 3,889 8 1,676,993 1,165,731 118,330 392,932 679,662 644,824 34,838 1,579,977 1,084,460 99,898 395,618 417,685 389,945 27,740 1,345,697 855,275 44,288 446,134 170,895 95,284 76,611 71.2 49.5 5.0 16.7 28.8 27.4 1.4 79.1 54.3 5.0 19.8 20.9 19.5 1.4 Rt-.fiq.ni ftTiginpis nTirt f.lirhiTlfiS 1 56 4 V^f^tf^T ^vhpfil.<5j tn^hiTl(V5j ?VTi(i mnfnr.'s 29 4 Rented 11 3 Other 5 131,391 96,586 34,805 66,979 45,898 21,081 1,043,132 644,824 398,308 689,976 389,945 300,031 222,111 95,284 126,827 100.0 61.8 38.2 100.0 66.5 43.5 ^^422 Generated by establishments reporting 57 1 ' Figures tor horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. ' Not reported. There was an increase in primary power amounting to 358,993 horsepower, or 18 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due, in part, to the increase in rented power. The use' of rented power, largely electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when 170,895 horsepower of this character, representing 11.3 per cent of the total pri- mary power, was reported. In 1909 the amoimt of such power had increased to 417,685 horsepower, or 20.9 per cent of the total, and in 1914, to 679,662 horse- power, or 28.8 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors rim by current generated within the same establishment has not kept pace with the increase in rented electric power, the proportion of rented electric power representing 42.9 per cent in 1904, 56.5 percent m 1909, and 61.8 per cent in 1914, whereas the proportion of electric current generated by the estabhshments reporting decreased from 57.1 per cent in 1904 to 43.5 per cent in 1909 and to 38.2 per cent in 1914. At the last thrae censuses, steam power formed the major part of the primary power, but notwithstanding an increase of 310,456 horsepower during the decade, the proportion which such power formed of the total primary power decreased from 56.4 per cent in 1904 to 54.3 per cent in 1909 and to 49.5 per cent in 1914. The use of internal-combustion engines increased very rapidly from 1904 to 1909 but decrease^ somewhat from 1909 to 1914. Water power represented a. de- creasing proportion of the total primary power at each successive census. The actual decrease from 1909 to 1914 was 2,686 horsepower, or seven-tenths of 1 per cent. Fuel.^^losely related to the subject of power em- ployed in ma:qj^actures is that of fuel consumed in generating power or otherwise used in manufacturing processes. Table 31 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected in- dustries in the state as a whole, and for. all iadustries combined in each city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. 1011 Table 3 1 INDUSTEY AND CITY, All industries. 3,617,927 Agrioultuial implements Artificial flowers and feathers and ' plumes Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boxes, fancy and paper , Brass, bronze, and copper products . Bread and other bakery products. . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Calming and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction a^id repairs by steam-railroad companies Cement Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts. . . Clothing, women's Coflee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Confectionery, Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods Cotton goods, including cotton small wares ...., Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and finishing textiles , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refrigerators Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and refiectors Gas, illuininating and heating . Glass. Gloves and mittens, leather Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases , Hats, fur-felt , Hosiery and knit goo4s Ice, manufacturea. Iron atrfd steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Jewelry leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. liquors, malt Lumber and dmberproducts Malt Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp pMier goods, not elsewhere specl- Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Pbotograpmc apparatus and ma- terials. Printing and pubUshing Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 9,831,153 2,109 1,357 11,241 27,671 5,902 21,572 190,935 85,429 17,229 37,267 7,158 3,694 112,991 44,871 125,066 24,293 7,734 53,892 31,757 34,718 24, 160 3,525 46,883 21,362 5,585 12,240 113,654 695 7,683 4,519 481,047 11,870 2,305 9,622 14,356 41,146 99,705 1,341 6,806 207 2,962 14,331 229,662 20,198 38,429 13,085 6,204 23,871 48,696 273,764 27,886 19,864 287 71,523 4,256 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 2,274,487 63,680 238 58,634 29,846 9,379 32,695 26,741 205,908 145,424 48,367 99,867 21,137 271,257 484,398 363,440 17,050 1,537 5,476 18,190 95,045 25,837 67,417 12,766 60,306 251,332 84,653 37,809 268,350 892 14,459 89,870 5,977 ,145,803 95,081 2,821 107,093 6,377 164,981 240,779 67,098 790,937 373 4,479 96,782 292,934 91,173 15,359 20,473 6,619 28,093 19,199 928, 160 6,384 10,294 77,376 29,217 23,347 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 5,103,039 12,497 36 2,604 8,008 8,244 31,549 3,743 108 1,091 137 1,137 •Ji5 75,062 2,099 1,028 2,436 3,880 175 1,361 149,712 3,233 608 112,988 1,439 8 562 1,718,352 29,703 35 19 661 990 644 28 588 4,707 81 611 639 Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 4,056,639 41, 197 15 13,351 31 84 24,292 1,008 27,045 614 2,190 1,854 382,526 7,344 883 268 5 81 61,677 27 674 3,454 51,168 6,731 976 77,973 6 1,488 387 358 3,987,246 29,445 67 28 1 400 3,008 78,570 11 2,394 1,067 3,350 161 4,835 9 837 375 1,361 1,022 1,641 2,657 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 9,664 28,175 47,233 37,168 30,492 52,444 379,927 65,288 8,150 34,374 5,316 14,228 13,004 31,440 244,446 169,878 30,633 58, 121 98,358 692 6,314 45,854 21,026 142,082 56,326 .71,949 421,570 18,793 12, 118 58, 768 67,353 97,740 4,519 136 14,350 11,401 4,097 31,471 25,811 38, 138 18,032 6,305 51,315 1,343 30,793 74,331 14,378 4,048 10 20,269 33,495 11, 136 376,747 6,741 INDUSTRY AND CITY. 26,831 69,653 27,874 15, 101 9,237 41,324 13, 131 23,994 810, 770 2,833,503 67,561 1,285 9,702 150 8,733 SiUc goods, including throwsters... Slaughtering and meat packing, . . Soap Tobacco manufactures Typewriters and supplies Wall plaster Wire Woolen, worsted, and felt goods. and wool hats. All other industries Total for cities i Albany Amstekdam Aubuhn Batavia B E ACON Binghamton Buffalo 71, 639 COHOES 3, 515 Cokning 1, 973 Cortland 624 DUNKIKK 181 Ei.MTBA 5,674 Fulton 6S3 Geneva 1 Glens Falls 33; 481 Gloveksville 4, 606 Hoknell 140 Hudson 3, 030 Ithaca 3, 394 Jamestown 3, 176 Johnstown 778 KnjQSTON 14, 790 Little Falls 667 lockpoet 1, 210 Middletown Mount Veenon , 3)935 New Rochelle 2, 720 New Yoek City 2,116,527 beonx boeough 99,607 BKOOBXYM boeough 940, 978 manhattan boeough 655,642 queens boeough 298, 427 eichmond boeough 121, 873 Newbuegh 26, 372 NiAGAEA Falls 66,377 Noeth Tonawanda 2, 791 Ogdensbueq 1, 586 Olean. 4, 457 Oneonta 21,654 OssiNING 2, 451 Oswego 9, 500 Peekskill 2, 480 Plattsbueg 13, 155 Poet Chester 836 Poughkeepsie 10, 063 rens.selaee 6, 508 Rochesteb 16, 415 Rome 9,509 Saratoga Springs 4,562 Schenectady 11, 268 Syeacuse 32, 036 Teoy 56,395 Utica 48,783 Wateetown 2,897 Wateet UET 2, 060 White Plains 2,488 YONKERS 84,427 Anthrar cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 21,943 85,557 107,922 4,992 12, 643 34, 109 14, 785 120,365 2,240,628 5,667,708 Bitumi. nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 1,313,766 33,650 81,693 64,512 24,985 5,723 29,061 718, 167 44,644 66,300 79,053 45, 178 50,836 87,007 18,954 40,955 17,379 39,021 9,271 14,574 101,652 15,607 8,863 42,679 82,703 5,015 936 146 2,305,909 169,267 732,445 385,435 927,888 86,874 14,961 164,703 23,704 6,744 152,307 2,440 3,594 63,097 54,223 1,002 6,021 14,302 13,980 282,666 54,649 4,816 248,481 167, 815 93,.397 68,272 58,869 1,590 1,076 161, 667 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 1,833 40 265 852 6,114 20 83,873 4,475,664 3,476,424 7,188 210 3,974 2,915 1,621 1,205 1,089 651 1,376 4,662 2,010 606 2,100 1,063 101 485 502 392 385 1,090 330 2,097 159 212,291 8,819 34,854 101, 156 66,071 2,391 313 42,623 57,074 146 918 70 3 2,565 1,437 317 3,486 2,793 15,017 2,367 360 8,098 14,760 4,417 3,822 3,061 223 Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 167 753 510 44 7,672 186 2,824 65 264,087 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 20,209 46, 196 4,009 36,100 31,168 10,468 1,674 761,227 65,216 2,534 23,671 3,415 20J019 82,724 7,279 8,635 13,769 14,528 6,999 48 71 106 10, 569 10,152 3,109 2,341 1,132 51 4,721 1,151 6,672 4,— 432 464 3,697,136 222,381 1,420,975 861, 084 1,164,477 38,219 1,378 17,689 107 41 20,644 3,273 3,858 33,974 4,258 3,769 3,238 19,911 1,492 115, 054 16,873 4,138 67,992 21,841 46,274 39,674 8,604 22 9,598 32,088 16,552 6,294 6,906 45,059 1,493 11,112 614,195 312 15,556 1,262 177, 616 10,895 491 4,066 4,205 3,048 10,143 1,446 102,116 1,739 1,857 2,735 5,278 1,099 7,381 2,721 2,138,068 77,113 554,240 1,409,666 92,518 4,631 6,523 3,076 1,065 304 33,627 325 791 1,110 1,388 419 1,879 11,990 80 55,990 8,333 523 64,622 47,047 7,462 6,614 8,602 87 1,038 21,937 ' Excludes Lackawanna, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for secur- ing which no provision is made on the general sched- ule. Data of this character for cestam. in industries are here presented. StarisTSc^'ror Tio' laundries are also given. Printing and publishing. — ^The printing and pubhsh- ing industry in New York shows considerable growth during the decade, tlie number of publications reported in 1914 being 195 in excess of the number in 1904, and the aggregate circuljation per issue showing a gain of ^aWeaz shows the number of the various classes of I publications issued in the state in 1914, 1909, and 1012 MANUFACTURES. 1904, together with the aggregate circulation per issue for each class. Table 32 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly and tri- weekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly All other NUMBER OF PUBLI- CATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 2,128 234 55 56 1,006 622 66 1,953 231 56 975 521 54 1,933 217 44 63 981 621 53 54 AGGREGATE CIRCULATIOK PER ISSUE. 1914 58,443,376 5,874,207 3,917,088 364, 733 9,872,226 33,648,962 1,447,019 13,319,141 1909 43,953,617 5,253,521 2,957,727 250,403 6,756,243 25,635,615 2,437,289 662,819 1904 42,640,395 573,640 ,061,565 362,797 336,435 217, 126 909,317 179,515 1 Includes 55 semimonthly^ 17 semiannual, and 14 bimonthly publications, and 1 issued 15 times, 1 issued 10 times, and 1 issued 6 times a year. New York ranks first among the states in the num- ber of newspapers and periodicals pubhshed, as well as in the circidation of such 'publications. The num- ber of publications increased 175, or 9 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, and 20, orl per cent, from 1904 to 1909. The total aggregate circulation increased 14,489,759, or 33 per cent, during the more recent five-year pe- riod, and 1,313,222, or 3. 1 per cent, during the earlier five-year period. From 1909 to 1914 each class of publications increased in number, except semiweeklies and triweeklies which reported 56 publications at each census, but there was a gain of 114,330 in circu- lation. Quarterlies nupabered 12 more in 1914 than in 1909, but decreased 990,270 in the aggregate cir- culation per issue. The Sunday publications increased 959,361 in circidation, although there was an increase of only 7 in the number of such publications. The largest increase in number of publications was 101 for the monthhes, wl^ile the largest increase in circu- lation, 3,115,983, was in that of the weekly publica- tions. Of the 234 dailies, in 1914, 146, with an aggre- gate circulation of 3,117,956, were evening papers. Table 33 shows the number and circulation of the different classes of publications in Enghsh and in foreign languages, respectively, for 1914 and 1909. Table 33 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily and Sunday . . . Semiweekly and tri- weekly. Weekly Monthly Quarterly All other Cen- sus 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber. circulation per issue. 2,128 1,953 289 279 56 56 1,006 975 622 521 58, 443, 376 43, 953, 617 9,791,295 8, 211, 248 364, 733 250, 403 9, 872, 226 6,756,243 33, 648, 962 25, 635, 615 1,447,019 2, 437, 289 3, 319, 141 662, 819 IN ENGUSH. Num. ber. 1,902 1,753 228 228 903 881 586 circulation per issue. 54, 855, 795 41,656,507 7, 314, 886 6,868,818 313, 814 206,203 9,248,099 6,338,749 13, 271, 436 25, 251, 499 1,432,019 2, 424, 789 3, 275, 641 576, 449 IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. Num- ber. Aggregate circulation per issue. 226 200 3,587,581 2,297,110 2, 476, 409 1,352,430 60,919 44,200 624, 127 417,494 377, 526 384, 116 15, 000 12,500 , 43, 600 86,370 Newspapers and periodicals in foreign languages represented about one-tenth of the iEti^ l^iiZiBMtti^ of New York at each of the last two census years and increased by26 during the five-year interval 1909-1914. The largest class of publications in foreign languages consisted of the weeklies, but the daily and Sunday papers had the largest circulation during both census years. With the exception of the monthlies, each class of the publications in foreign languages increased in circulation from 1909 to 1914. Table 34 distributes publications in foreign lan- guages in 1909 and 1914, according to the language in which printed. Table 34 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS IN LANGUAGES. FOREIGN LANGUAGE. All classes; Daily and Sunday pub- lica- tions. Semi- week- lies and tri- week- lies. Week- Ues. Month- hes. All other class- es. Total. .. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 226 200 61 51 13 11 103 94 37 36 12 9 53 60 35 27 21 19 9 12 13 12 10 11 7 6 4 4 4 4 7 4 6 4 9 4 15 21 10 7 9 7 2 3 1 23 23 23 19 10 9 4 5 10 9 1 2 5 5 10 10 i' 2 2 4 6 13 Italian..... Yiddish 23 "1 German and English 61 '1 Polish 3 3 1 7 8 1 1 '1 81 Swedish 1 Bohemian . .. 4 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 i' 2 2 1 '1 2 1 2 1 1 1 '2 Hungarian 3] 1 4 1 32 Spanish and English 3 3 3 2 3 1 2 42 22 1 1 1 1 2' 1 2 i«19 15 11 i 2 2 1 Syrian'. 1 1 Danish 89 13 3 96 "3 117 16 3 12 1 17 2 1 Two semimonthlies and one (Quarterly. 2 Two semimonthlies and one biweekly. » Semimonthly. < Biweekly. ' Bimonthly. 8 Quarterly. 7 One quarterly and one semiannual. » Includes three in Greek, two each In Arabic and Slovak, and one each in Serbian and Slovenian. 9 Includes two in Arabic and one each in Chinese, Finnish, Serbian, and Slovak. " Includes three in Lithuanian, two m Japanese, and one each in Arabic, Ar- menian, Chinese, Esthonian, Lettish, Norwegian, Serbian, Slovak, Ukrauian, Welsh, English-GaeUc, English-Italian, .Tapanese-Enghsh, and Spanish-Hebrew. n Includes one each in Arabic, Greek, Portuguese, Slovenian, Welsh, Italian. English, and English-Spanish-and-Portuguese. 1* Quarterly in Portuguese. 13 Includes one each in Arabic, Greek, and Slovenian. n Includes one each in Arabic, Chinese, and Slovak. '5 Includes one each In Armenian, Chinese, Dutch, Esthonian, Finnish, Nor- wegian, Serbian, Slovak, Welsh, Irish-and-English, and Japanese-and-EngUsn. 1' Includes one in German- French-and-EngUsh, one in German-Frenoh-Spanish- and-EngUsh, and one in Spanish-and-Portuguese. UjifBeklp. ii^ ,5iMsian-and-English, and semiannual in German-French-Span- ,Vd/ NEW YORK. 1013 In 1914 there were 1,075 publications in New York, with a circulation of 12,021,093, devoted to news, politics, and general reading, as compared with 1,080 such publications in^ 1909, with a circulation of 10,116,760 copies per issue. The next largest class, consisting mostly of monthly magazines, devoted to fiction and other forms of hteratiu"e, numbered 116, with a circulation of 21,612,515, an increase over 1909 of 70.7 per cent. Other pubUcations having a circula- tion of over 1,000,000 copies in 1914, were: 95, society," art, music, and fashion journals, with a circulation of 11,455,252; 285 trade journals, with a circulation of 5,957,238; 148 rehgious publications, with a circula- tion of 2,995,991; and 34 periodicals devoted to agriculture, horticulture, dairying, stock raising, etc., with a circulation of 1,106,373. The remaining publications consisted of 46, with a circulation of 550,794, devoted to science and mechanics; 86, with a circulation of 485,462, devoted to commerce, finance, insurance, etc.; and 243, with an aggregate circula- tion of 2,258,658, relating chiefly to law, medicine, fraternal societies, education, colleges, labor, re- form, etc. Textiles. — ^The relative importance of the principal textile industries of New York, as measured by value of products, is shown in the following table, which presents the total value of products reported for each industry at the last three censuses: Table 35 Total. $194,730,543 Hosiery and knit goods Silk goods, including throwsters Woolmanufectures Carpets and rugs, other than rag Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats Cotton goods, including cotton sm^l wares. Cordage and twine and jute and linen goods. Hats, fur-felt VALUE OF PKODrOTS. 1911 $185,780,015 78,229,235 29,260,763 47,173,617 26,075,521 21,098,096 18,464,811 14,964,737 6,637,380 1909 $142,422,311 67,130,296 26,518,851 49,345,683 25,606,262 23,739,421 20,351,555 12,216,000 10,218,660 1904 Table 36 MACHINE. Cen- sus year. Total. Cotton goods, includ- ing cotton, small wares. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. Hosiery and knit goods. SUk goods, includ- ing throw- sters. Car- pets and other than rag. Producing spindles... Looms.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,486,713 1,610,872 1,333,149 26,022 27,936 25,975 17,252 15,047 12,666 1,110 1,063 1,139 143 141 74 671, 133 778,036 704,634 11,889 14,088 13,358 178,283 154,359 177,487 3,182 3,035 4,156 367,171 303,628 225,237 17,252 15,047 12,666 479 164,620 169,659 121,341 7,862 7,575 6,989 105,606 115,390 104,460 3,089 3,238 2,729 Knitting machines Woolen cards (sets)... 332 \l£ 89 89 62 zed 54 52 12 Wool -combing ma- t 46,320,311 20,181,212 38,880,819 19,404,133 19, 476, 686 13,433,904 15,866,386 7,739,774 The progress of the textile industries in the state is reflected to a large extent by the increase or decrease in the number of spindles, looms, knitting machines, and other equipment. The following table shows the number of principal machines used in five impor- tant textile industries combined and in each of those industries separately in 1914, 1909, and 1904: The total number of producing spindles reported in 1914, for the five industries covered by the table, shows a decrease of 24,159, or 1.6 per cent, since 1909, and that of looms, a decrease of 1,914, or 6.8 per cent. EJiitting machines increased 2,205, or 14.7 per cent. The gains in the number of producing spindles were 63,643 in the kni|ting milk , 23,924 inthe woolen and worsted noiUs, and 5,061 in the silk mills. In the pro- duction of other textiles, spindles decreased as follows : 106,903 in the cotton miUs and 9,884 in the carpet mills. The number of looms in woolen and silk mills in- creased 147 and 287, respectively, from 1909 to 1914, while the number in cotton miUs decreased 2,199 and in the carpet mills, 149. Knitting machines in- creased 14.7 per cent in number during the last five- year period, as compared with 18.8 per cent during the preceding five years. The number of woolen cards decreased slightly in the woolen mills, from 1909 to 1914, but this decrease was more than offset by the gain in the carpet and in the knitting mUls. The number of combing machines was about the same in 1914 as in 1909, the only increase being 2 machines in the carpet miUs. Hosiery and Tcnit goods. — The manufacture of hosiery and knit goods, as a factory industry in New York, had its beginning in Cohoes in 1832, with the found- ing of a factory in which power was for the first time successfully used in the making of knit goods. Duririg the next 10 years, very little progress was made, but by 1859 there were 22 mills and the out- put of the industry had increased to $1,944,000. Kapid development has continued since that time, the value of hosiery and knit goods in 1914 being almost forty times the value reported for 1859. Hosiery and knit goods was the most important branch of the textUe industry in the state in 1914, contributing $78,229,235, or 40.2 per cent of the total value of products for all textiles. Table 37 shows the quantity and cost of the differ- ent materials used in the hosiery and knitting mills in 1914, 1909, and 1904. At each of the last three censuses raw cotton and cot- ton yam were the most important materials used, but the relative cost of the latter has gradually decreased during the decade, forming 41.8 per cent of the total for aU materials combined in 1904, as compared with 35.7 per cent in 1909 and 30.4 per cent in 1914. From 1909 to 1914 there was an increase of 4,895,696 pounds, or 14.1 per cent, in the quantity of raw cotton consumed, and of $1,053,013, or 26.2 per cent, in the cost. During the same period the quantity of cotton yarn used decreased 32,676,970 pounds, or 37.7 per cent, and the cost, $721,790, or 5.2 per cent. The higher •ices of cotton prevailing in 1914 acooimt for the •^^ereise in cost as compared with the large decrease in amount consumed. The tendency to use raw material instead of manufactured yarn is shown 1014 MANUFACTURES. by the fact that the cost of raw matea^al increased from 18 per cent of the total in 1909 to 26.2 per cent in 1914. Furthermore, the cost of yarns, which con- stituted 55.1 per cent of the total cost of all material in 1909, dropped to 46.4 per cent iu 1914. Decreases since 1909, however, are shown in the cost and con- sumption of woolen yarn, merino yarn, and recovered wool fiber and wool waste and noils. Table 37 1914 . 1909 1904 Materials, total cost $43,859,879 $38,677,371 $28,210,100 Cotton: Domestic— Pminri.s , . , 39,068,430 $4,983,578 502,319 $83,802 202,430 $137,029 2,585,406 $1,085,911 1,742,352 $328,810 2,602,559 $794,894- 1,026,446 $4,019,741 53,999,653 $13,102,333 3,133,302 $1,940,861 4,669,388 $3,838,766 668,811 $425,091 224,007 $918,749 55,336 $100,487 12,086 $9,437 $502,622 $894,033 $10,693,745 33,041,491 $3,779,496 1,623,562 $234,871 164,014 $109,190 1,803,323 $846,659 5,410,605 $551,877 4,398,579 $1,429,402 (4 86,676,623 $13,824,123 3,186,332 $2,077,718 3,232,368 $3,078,048 925,440 $693,856 423,230 $1,644,056 h 11,296 $9,266 $363,607 $648,588 $9,386,614 23,841,021 $2,747,412 629, 569 Cost Foreign— PnimdR Cost $109,964 439,929 Wool: Foreign (in condition pur- chased)— Cost Domestic (in condition pur- chased)- $239,281 4,537,860 $1,969,081 4, 444, 951 Cost Recovered wool fiber: Pounds ... Cost $444,165 2,735,224 Wool waste and noils: Poimds Cost $947,962 Eaw silk: Pounds .' Cost . . Yarn, not made in mill: Cotton- Pounds 66,512,123 Cost . .. $11,788,385 1,742,676 Woolen- Pounds Cost ,. $1,080,369 2, 340, 773 Worsted— Pomids Cost $1,799,171 1, 022, 189 Merino- Pounds Cost $426,956 Silii and spun-siUc— 137,369 Cost $616,511 Artificial silk- Pounds Cost All other- Pounds 35,124 Cost $30,843 $284,958 $465, 438 Chemicals and dyestufls, cost Fuel and rent of power, cost $5, 261, 614 1 Not reported separately. Of the materials used in knitting miUs, silk shows the greatest relative gaia both in the quantity and iu cost. Raw silk was not reported separately at previous censuses, though some is known to have been reported under the head of silk and spun-sUk yarn in 1909. The quantity and value of the various products reported for the hosiery and knitting mills at the last three censuses are shown in Table 38. Shirts and drawers and combiaation suits are the most important products of the hosiery and knit- goods industry. In 1914 New York contributed more than 42 per cent of the total quantity of each article manufactured iu the United States. The gain from 1909 to 1914 in cotton combination suits of 169.4 per cent in quantity and 161.9 per cent in value is slightly more than offset by a decrease in the production of cotton and merino shirts and drawers. Cardigan Digitized by jackets show a decrease of 191,730 dozens, or 11.6 per cent, but an increase of $387,871, or 2.8 per cent, in value, during the same period, indicating an increased value per garment. Table 38 Products, total value.. Hose: Dozen pairs Value Silk and silk-mixed— Dozen pairs Value All other — Dozen pairs Value Half hose: Dozen pairs Value Shirts and drawers: Dozens Value Cotton — Dozens Value Merino — Dozens Value Silk and silk-mixed— Dozens Value AH other- Dozens Value Combination suits: Dozens Value Cotton- Dozens Value Merino — ■ Dozens Value Silk and silk-mixed— Dozens Value All other- Dozens Value Bathing suits: Dozens Value Gloves and mittens: Dozens Value Hoods, scarfs, etc.: Dozens Value Cardigan jackets, sweaters, etc.: Dozens Value Jersey cloth and stockinette; Square yards Value Cotton yarn: Pounds Value ■ All other products, value. 1914 $78,229,235 232,687 $1,931,336 205,877 $1,873,761 26,810 $57,675 39,976 $87,866 9,203,882 $28,287,935 8,466,807 $22,704,651 484,268 $3,183,944 55, 139 $956, 645 197,668 $1,442,695 2,638,635 $13,003,094 2,528,302 $11,099,564 51,470 $597,853 27,345 $743,003 31^618 $562,674 123,553 $911,495 1,340,479 $7,610,687 177,235 $643, 716 1,464,606 $14,302,914 8,507,954 $3,067,588 8,235,253 $1,870,570 $6,512,044 1909 $67,130,296 251,269 $493,041 - 16,749 $244,938 234,520 $248,103 104,418 $146,144 12,474,922 $38,210,508 11,238,711 $29,577,806 1, 162, 148 $7,718,492 12,639 $359,108 61,424 $555,103 990,841 $4,741,032 938,554 $4,238,442 52,254 $500,830 33 $1,760 .8 1,195,140 $4,270,020 124,301 $440,411 1,656,336 $13,915,043 2,053,563 $300,809 2,499,483 $519, 454 $4,093,834 1904 $46,320,311 167,965 $286,712 1,730 $26,000 166,235 $260,712 65,732 $113,950 10,350,484 $32,486,695 8,974,368 $24,212,845 1,171,123 $6,737,966 6,270 $139,000 198,723 $1,396,884 692,555 $2,446,111 655,324 $2,030,831 27,297 $313,853 !'> (■) $101,427 f^ 750,662 $2,067,185 255,857 $920,071 540,236 $4,780,750 m 902,834 $154,842 $3,063,995 ' Figures not available. ' Not reported separately. The greatest relative gain for the more recent five- year period is in the production of silk and silk-mixed hose and imderwear (shirts, drawers, and combination suits). The hose increased 189,128 dozens, or over elevenfold, in quantity and $1,628,823, or over six- fold, in value, whUe underwear increased 69,812 dozens, or over sixfold, in quantity and $1,338,780, or nearly fourfold, in value. Jersey cloth and stocki- nette and glov,es and mittens also show substantial gains in both quantity and value during the same period. Bathing suits were first reported separately in 1914, when 123,553 dozens, valued at $911,495, were manufactured. Silk goods, including throwsters. — Tbia industry had its beginning in New York state in 1830, when l\/licrosoft® NEW YORK. 1015 the maaufacture of dress trimmings was commenced in New York City. At the census of 1869, 14 estab- lishments were reported which employed 739 wage earners and manufactured products valued at $1,826,- 000. The value of silk goods manufactured ia 1914 amounted to $29,260,763, giving the iadustry second place among the textUe industries in the state. The following table shows the quantity and cost of the chief materials used in the silk industry, as re- ported for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 39 1914 1909 1901 $16,736,221 $13,948,589 $10,490,474 Silk: Baw— Founds... 2,339,776 $9,033,199 372,718 $664,480 709,611 $1,234,255 337,164 $1,467,062 665,625 $492,844 1,594,878 $655,489 400,224 $232,957 203,671 $241,486 1,351,681 $478,927 135,060 $121,404 $272,689 $1,851,430 1,817,329 $7,092,171 315,622 $759,710 616,439 $1,309,400 335,003 $1,471,824 515,545 $326,691 2,018,612 $757; 470 483,627 $369,315 94,622 $114,829 62,521 , $47)408 113,855 $170,491 $249,977 $1,289,303 1,006,793 $3,934,433 249,896 $734,099 289, 282 Cost Sptm- Cost Artificial- Pounds Cost $1,039,783 603,623 $2,919,456 17,080 $28,475 1,197,943 Organzine and tram- Cost Frison andfloss,including waste, noils, etc— Cost Yams, otlier than silk: Cotton- Cost $401,841 101, 943 Mercerized cotton- Cost , $74,770 184,340 $191,816 14,511 $15,264 71, 486 Woolen and worsted- Pounds... Cost Mohair- Cost All other- Pounds Cost $30,9^9 $167,911 $951,667 Fuel and rent of power, cost ... . 1 Does not include waste, noils, etc. The cost of the materials used in this industry increased $2,787,632, or 20 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, and $3,458,115, or 33 per cent, from 1904 to 1909. Raw sUk, the most important material used, as measured by cost, increased 622,447 pounds, or 28.7 per cent, in quantity, and $1,941,028, or 27.4 per cent, in cost, from 1909 to 1914. The cost of raw sUk reported at each census, which is an index of the magnitude of the industry, represented 54 per cent of the total cost of materials in 19^4, 50.8 per cent in 1909, and 37.5 per cent in 1904. The consumption of artificial sUk more than doubled between 1904 and 1914. Although there was a slight increase in the quantity of organzine and tram purchased in 1914, as compared with 1909, the quantity and cost reported for 1914 was only a little more than half as great as for 1904. The use of cotton yarns, espe- cially mercerized and mohair yams, has increased rapidly since 1904. Woolen and worsted yarns de- creased decidedly from 1904 to 1909, but the loss was more than oflEset by the gain during the next five- year period. Table 40 shows the quantity and value of the dif- ferent products reported for the si%i?fWf|^^ Ajw last three censuses. ^ ^ Table 40 Products, total value . Broad silks: Yards Value AU-fiilk goods— Piece-dyed and printed- Yards Value Yamnlyed i— Yards Value Silk-mixed goods — Piece-dyed and printed- Yards Value Yam-dyed i— Yards Value Ribbons, value Laces, nets.veils, veilings, etc., value. Fringes and gimps, value Braids and bindings, value Organzine and tram lor sale: Pounds Value.! All other products, value Amount received for contract work, value 1914 $29,260,763 15,454,751 $9, 102, 192 7,428,781 $3,496,384 5,349,867 $3,653,171 1,847,722 $1,444,499 828,381 $508,138 $5,188,368 $652, 189 $665,894 $1,958,162 1,004,506 $4,058,804 $6,889,410 $745,744 1909 $26, 518, 821 16,217,298 $9,042,488 2,366,169 $1,147,261 6,341,434 $4,799,670 4,518,084 $1,946,309 1,991,611 $1,149,268 $6,261,289 $794, 640 $560,027 $2,666,881 330,026 $1,354,540 $5,332,946 $606,010 1904 $20,181,212 10,896,809 $6,382,758 4,272,422 $1,906,468 5,730,188 $3,930,372 3,247 $4,321 890,952 $541,597 $4, 983, 712 $291,400 $544,544 $2,042,365 $420, 718 $5,247,463 $268, 252 I Includes goods classed as "plain and fancy and jacquard" in 1909 and 1904. Broad silks, the most important product of the silk industry, formed 31.1 per cent of the total for all silk products in 1914, 34.1 per cent in 1909, and 31.6 per cent in 1904. All piece-dyed and printed silk goods, which decreased 1,906,253 yards, or 44.6 per cent, in quantity, and $759,217, or 39.8 per cent, ia value, from 1904 to 1909, shows an increase of 5,062,612 yards, or 214 per cent, in quantity, and $2,349,133, or 204.8 per cent, in value from 1909 to 1914. The manufacture of piece-dyed and printed silk-mixed goods shows an extraordinary development between 1904 and 1909, the iacrease ia quantity being 4,514,837 yards and in value $1,941,988, but from 1909 to 1914 there was a decUne in the quantity manufactured amounting to 2,670,362 yards, and to $501,810 in value. Snk and silk-mixed yarn-dyed goods, which include plain, fancy, and jacquard, show a pronounced decrease from 1909 to 1914. Ribbons have represented a smaller proportion of the total value of products at each suc- ceeding census since 1904. Both the quantity and value of organzine and tram produced for sale more than trebled durrag^-each five-year period of the decade ending in 1914. In 1914 a total of 1,060,699 poimds of sUk were thrown under contract, of which 563,801 poimds went iato organziae and 496,898 pounds into tram. The correspondiag figures for 1909 were 495,053 poimds and 441,701 pounds, respectively, and for 1904, 359,248 pounds and 345,830 pounds, respectively. "Wool manufactures. — The 65 establishments re- ported for this iadustry in 1914, classified according to their products of chief value, consisted of 20 woolen mUls, 12 worsted mills, 12 felt mills, 7 wool-hat factories, and 14 carpet and rug mills. Table 41 shows the quantity and cost of the different ^A^y^Mg^^f^ in wool manufactures at each of the last three censuses. 1016 MANUFACTURES. Table 41 Materials, total cost Wool, in condition purchased: Pounds Cost Domestic — Pounds Cost Foreign— ^ Pounds Cost ^.. Equivalent in scoured condition, pounds Animal hair and fur: Pounds Cost Ram, clippings, etc.: Pounds Cost Recovered wool fiber: Pounds Cost Waste and noils of wool, mohair, etc. ; Pounds Cost Tops: Pounds Cost Cotton: Pounds Cost Yams, purchased: Pounds Cost Cotton — Pounds Cost Worsted- Pounds Cost Woolen and merino — Pounds Cost I^inen— Pounds Cost Jute and other vegetable fiber- Pounds Cost Silk and spun silk- Pounds Cost Wool hat bodies and hats in the rough Dozens Cost.. Chemicals and dyestufls, cost Fuel and rent of power, cost All other materials, cost 1914 $28,682,329 60,420,225 $13,158,906 25,051,729 $5,826,676 35,368,496 $7,332,230 37,448,054 5,442,118 $759,559 968,972 2,202,861 $249,611 4,983,209 $1,089,584 1,427,046 $759,777 3,486,922 $325,971 44, 743, 528 $7,026,393 8,736,856 $1, 822, 559 2,315,693 $1,310,225 850,003 $265,300 3,750,272 $675,801 29,080,107 $2,922,044 10,597 $30,464 10,879 $15,407 $1,141,173 $809,236 $3, 287, 024 1909 $28,059,200 62,829,087 $14,719,116 22,362,412 $6, 754, 854 40,466,655 $7,964,262 45,637,550 $1,024,409 1,250,161 $69,157 990,526 $140,926 4,413,834 $1,231,700 733,932 $458,808 2,472,801 $265,039 44,329,490 $6,628,630 7,589,373 $1,442,375 3,050,833 $2,006,843 957,413 $277,976 4,858,864 1866,837 27,857,594 $1,881,606 15,413 $53,093 16,057 $47,616 $1,041,040 $680,304 $1,852,465 1904 $21,848,287 49,608,834 $11,534,048 22,456,770 $5,769,932 27, 152, 064 $5,764,116 27,823,052 2,348,369 {') 1,332,056 $77,716 2,231,909 $273,609 1,716,008 $512,751 (') 2,724,025 (350,838 38,741,798 $5,409,437 5,739,538 $1,120,404 1,971,882 $1,038,396 31,009,360 $3,189,010 21,018 $61, 627 500 $500 $1,029,862 "$509,623 $2,774,350 1 Figures not available. The total quantity of all classes of wool purchased for use was 60,420,225 pounds in 1914, 62,829,067 pounds in 1909, and 49,608,834 pounds in 1904, a decrease of 3.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, and an increase of 26.6 per cent, from 1904 to 1909, or net gain of 21.8 per cent for the decade. Imported wool was more extensively used than domestic at each of the census periods covered by the table, but during the last half of the decade the quantity of foreign wool decreased 12.6 per cent, while domestic wool increased 12 per cent. The large proportion of foreign wool used in New York is due to the importance of the carpet industry, which consmned 88.4 per cent of the total quantity of foreign wool purchased in 1914. The cost of all wool purchased represents 45.9 per cent of the total cost reported for all materials combined in 1914, 52.5 per cent in 1909, and 52.8 per cent in 1904. Yarns of all varieties, not made in the establish- ments reporting, show shght increases in 1914 over 1909. Cotton yarn, jute, and other vegetable-fiber yarns also increased sHghtly, both in quantity and cost, while all other kinds of purchased yarns de- creased in quantity and cost. DioitiZBCl bV The quantity of animal hair and fuir and tailors' clippings used in 1914 was 1,533,159 pounds less than in 1909, and the amount expended for such materials in 1914, $274,319 less than in 1909. The quantity and value of the chief products of wool manufactures in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table : Table 42 Products, total value.. All-wool woven goods: Square yards Value Woolen suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods — Square yards I Value Worsted suitings, overcoatings, and dress goods- Square yards Value All other — Square yards Value Cotton-mixed woven goods: Square yards Value Cotton-warp woven goods: Square yards Value Worsted-filling suitings, over- coatings, ana dress goods — Square yards Value All other- Square yards Value Carpets and rugs: Square yards Value Carpets — Square yards Value Rugs— Square.yards Value Felt goods, value Felt trimming and lining felts, felt skirtings, table covers, and saddle felts-=- Square yards Value Endless belts — Pounds Value All other, value Hats, wool-felt: Dozens Value Worsted yam, for sale: Pounds Value '. Noils, for sale: Pounds Value Waste, for sale: Pounds Value Contract vrork, value All other products, value. 1914 $47,173,617 14,448,467 $10,231,942 3,115,415 $2,443,317 10,860,850 $7,363,842 472,202 $424, 783 1,366,536 $380,294 7,798,270 $2,090,211 4,300,447 $985,105 3,497,823 $1,105,106 24,480,532 $25,774,662 $11,026,764 14,677,096 $14,747,898 $4,715,138 3,401,266 $845,054 2,313,975 $2,472,045 $1,398,039 68,927 $378,277 1,742,481 $1,424,046 2,188,370 $600, 196 2,451,510 $297, 768 $268,879 $1,012,204 $49,345,683 17,243,627 $12,830,093 4,365,726 $3,185,230 12,283,220 $9,266,182 594,681 $378,681 549,526 $232, 103 6,515,625 $2,265,461 3,772,957 $1,326,382 2,742,668 $929,079 26,973,631 $25,477,756 17,430,969 $16,177,227 9,542,662 $9,300,529 $4,292,968 2,147,918 $682,207 1,881,047 $1,989,988 $1,620,773 133,678 $1,185,298 1,237,092 $1,184,521 1,897; 069 $648,973 888,887 $166,921 $257,212 $925,377 1904 $38,880,819 12,459,972 $10,532,885 4,427,304 $3,857,600 7,052,718 $5,857,024 979,950 $818,261 $3,081,060 22,559,873 $19,194,104 19,206,368 $15,766,173 .3,353,505 $3,427,931 $2,822,954 1,129,082 $590,585 2 1,100,579 $1,101,743 $1,130,626 136,481 $956,347 1,051,528 $793,285 $1,500,184 > Detail figures not available. 2 Square yards. The output of aU-wool woven goods reported for 1914 was 2,795,160 square yards, or 16.2 per cent, less than in 1909. During the preceding five-year period, however, there was an increase of 4,783,655 square yards, or 38.4 per cent, making a net gain for the decade of 1,988,495 square yards, or 16 per cent. There was, however, a slight loss in value during the same period. The decided gain from 1909 to 1914 in the quantity and value of cotton-mixed goods more than offset the decKne in the manufacture of wool and worsted-filling overcoatings and dress goods. Carpets and rugs, which formed 54.6 per cent of the Mif^(^ S'U products reported for the industry NEW YORK. 1017 in 1914,sho-w a decrease since 1909 of 2,493,099 square yards, or 9.2 per cent, but an increase of $296,906, or 1.2 per cent, in value. During the preceding five-year period there was an increase of 4,413,758 square yards, or 19.6 per cent, and $6,283,652, or 32.7 per cent, in value. The increasing use of rugs is indicated by the fact that in 1914 they constituted 60 per cent of the combined output of carpets and rugs, whereas in 1909 they represented 35.4 per cent and 1904 only 14.9 per cent. Axminster and moquette carpets formed the leading class of carpets in 1914 and 1909, with tapestry velvet, Brussels, and tapestry Brussels, following in 1914 in the order named. In 1904 tapestry Brussels ranked first. There was an increase of 9.8 per cent from 1909 to 1914 in the value of felt goods, as compared with a gain of 52.1 per cent from 1904 to 1909. The quantity and value of worsted yarns manufactured for sale in- Creased substantially during each five-year period. There were about half as many wool-felt hats manu- factured in 1914 as in 1909, and their value was two- thirds less. Cotton goods, including cotton smaU wares. — The quantity and cost of the principal materials used in tiiis branch of the textile industries and the quantity and value of the chief products reported for 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table : Table 43 MATERIALS. Total cost Cotton: Founds Cost Cotton yam: Pounds Cost Starch, cost Chemicals and dyestufls, cost Fuel and rent of power, cost All other materials, cost PBODUCTS. Total value Toweling and terry weaves: Square yards ; Value Unbleached and bleached sheetingS; shirtings, and muslins: Square yards Value All other woven goods: Square yards Value Yams, manufactured for sale: Pounds Value Cotton waste, for sale: Pounds Value All other products, value 1914 811,653,438 58, 124, 466 $7,586,338 4,682,360 81,335,805 849,854 844, 400 8468,351 82,168,690 $18,464,811 3, 460, 425 8665, 423 79, 724, 737 $4,545,829 38,095,556 $2,515,976 31,675,350 $6,968,631 5,361,414 $238,466 83,530,486 1909 $11,726,489 68,766,704 $8,088,263 5,843,677 $1,472,313 $70,581 $150,405 $407, 128 $1,537,799 820,351,555 1,955,625 $430,393 109,183,958 $5,714,949 35,929,959 84,918,081 31,765,481 $6,745,518 7,170,930 $250,037 82,292,577 1904 88,644,726 51,835,100 $6,190,179 5,583,162 $1,363,786 833, 094 8105,294 $330,299 $622,074 $13,433,904 1,255,460 $178,687 111,272,272 $7,200,449 24,943,995 $5,102,181 6,396,761 $177,890 8774,697 The decline of cotton spinning in recent years is evidenced by the large decrease in the number of producing spindles. Raw cotton consumed in this industry decreased, from 1909 to 1914, by 10,642,238 pounds, or 15.5 per cent, and $501,925, f^ipihi^^l cent, in cost. Purchased yarn of all. kinds wso ae- creased in quantity and value during the same five- year periodr * Yams manufactured for sale formed the principal product in 1914 and also in 1909. While there were 90,131 pounds less manufactured in 1914 than in 1909, the value increased $223,113. Toweling and terry weaves showed the largest increases over 1909 in both quantity and value. Brown and bleached sheetings decreased 27 per cent in quantity and 20.5 per cent in value. "All other woven goods," which consists of twills and sateens, velvets, corduroys, plushes, lace curtains, mosquito nettings, and bagging shows an increase of 6 per cent in quantity, but a decrease of 48.8 per cent in value since 1909. The lower value in 1914 was due to a decidedly increased production of a cheaper grade of twiUs, corduroys, and mosquito netting. Fur-felt hats. — This branch of textiles includes the manufacture of derbies and soft felt hats, for men's and women's wear, from rabbit, coney, and nutria fur. The quantity and cost of materials used and the number and value of fur-felt hats manufactured in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table: Table 44 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $3,490,728 $5,406,265 $3,478,454 Hatters' fur: PniiTids 842,514 8706,701 180,848 81,200,908 851,739 81,531,380 86,637,380 1,883,207 81,860,052 194,26.8 $1,250,824 $100,407 82,194,982 $10,218,660 1,563,680 $1,265,877 92,984 8627,040 $160,305 $1,425,232 $7,739,774 Cost Fur-felt hat bodies and hats m the rough: Dozens Cost PRODUCTS. Fur-felt hats: 477,338 85, 943, 763 $693,617 776,258 89,465,282 8753,378 631,374 $6,852,797 8886 977 Value All other products, value The total cost of materials used in 1914 was 35.4 per cent less than in 1909. Hatters' fur decreased more than 6Q per cent in both quantity and cost, while hat bodies and hats in the rough decreased 6.9 per cent in quantity and 4 per cent in cost. There was a marked decline in the production of fur-felt hats, in number amounting to 298,920 dozens, or 38.5 percent, and in value to $3,521,519, or 37.2 per cent. The figures for 1914 represent 22.6 per cent of the number and 17.7 per cent of the value of all fur-felt hats produced in the United States in that year, as compared with 26 per cent and 21.8 per cent, respec- tively, in 1909. In addition to those shown in the above table, fur-felt hats, valued at $89,648, were reported by five estabUshments engaged primarily in the manufacture of other kinds of hats, such as wool and straw. Slaughtering and meat packing. — In the slaughter- York has ranked 3t-/ltVLV. - . "_ 1018 MANUFACTURES. The following table gives the quantity and cost of. the dififerent materials used in the industry during the last three censuses. Table 45 1914 1909 1901 MatprialSj f.nt^^ f^^f^t $127,281,733 $108,668,895 $65,289,369 Animals slaughtered: Beeves— NiiTnhfir 636,389 $59,904,976 378, 197 $5, 785, 777 1,999,134 $11,229,042 1, 725, 688 $26,315,587 1 $17, 189, 381 $6,856,970 668,447 $47, 746, 152 377, 121 $4,406,391 1,918,721 $10,437,800 1,802,669 $23,802,670 $14,156,721 $8,119,161 478, 716 $29,799,375 293,751 $2,611,331 1 637 637 Cost Calves — Cost Sheep and lambs— Number Cost ... $7,436,390 1,623,758 $14,124,703 $6,786,824 $4,530,746 Hogs- Number Cost Dressed meat purchased for curing, cost 1 Includes cost of "all other animals." There was a decrease in the number of beeves and hogs slaughtered in 1914, as compared with 1909, but the cost of each class of animals in 1914 exceeded that in 1909. The amount expended for the several kinds of animals slaughtered increased as follows: Beeves, $12,158,824, or 25.5 per cent; calves, $1,379,386, or 31.3 per cent; sheep, $791,242, or 7.6 per cent; and hogs, $2,512,917, or 10.6 per cent. The cost of dressed meat purchased more than doubled between 1904 and 1909 and increased $3,032,660, or 21.4 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. Table 46 shows the products reported for this in- dustry during the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. With the exception of lard, oleo oils, and tallow, which decreased in both quantity and value from 1909 to 1914, the output of most of the other products shown separately increased in value but decreased in quantity. In those products which show an increase in both of these items, the percentage of increase in the value is considerably larger than in the quantity, owiag to the generally higher prices that prevailed in 1914. The quantity of the different classes of prod- ucts, however, more accurately gauges the actual growth of the industry. The largest relative increase from 1909 to 1914 in quantity and value was for the products included under the head "edible offal and all other fresh meat," 399.6 per cent and 445.1 per cent, respectively. The decrease in the output of fresh beef was 27,253,293 pounds, or 6.3 per cent, tod in mutton 6,955,576 pounds, or 8.6 per cent; fresh veal increased 852,038 poimds, or 2.3 per cent; and pork, 650,048 poimds, or five-tenths of 1 per cent. The total output of these four products combined decreased 4.9 per cent in quan- tity while the value increased 24.5 per cent. Table 46 Products, total value . Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds Value Veal- Pounds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible oflal and all other fresh meat — Pounds. ■- Value Cured meat: Beef, pickled and other cured- Ponnds Value, . . _ Pork, pickled and other cured— Pounds Value Caimed goods: Pounds Value Canned- Pounds Value-. .- All other- Pounds Value Meat puddings, scrapple, etc. : Pounds Value Lard: Pounds Value .■ Lard compounds and substitutes : Pounds Value Oleo oil: Gallons Value Other oils: Gallons Value Tallow, oleo stock, and stearin: Pounds Value Soapstock: Pounds Value Sausage casings: Pounds Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Hides and pelts: Cattle— N umber Pounds Value. Calf— ^ Number Pounds Value Sheep- Number Value Wool: Pounds Value All other products, value . 1911 $144, 236, 162 402,728,421 $53, 570, 690 37,462,344 $5,820,977 73, 819, 403 $10,248,276 124, 190, 102 $14,987,818 34,884,590 $2,327,968 20,326,224 $3,452,474 118,537,294 $18,589,367 14,051,983 $2,532,725 561,434 $86, 521 41,672,857 $5,819,045 2,529,663 $365,418 40,496,413 $4,418,820 16,268,455 $1,295,773 2,621,410 $1,987,691 199,434 $122,956 23,263,543 $1, 662, 197 3,833,676 $246,495 4,401,247 $600, 896 16,611 $484,686 636, 389 43,043,246 $7, 150, 569 198, 750 2,312,240 $426,029 1, 992, 520 $1,267,608 3, 765, 678 $1,302,829 $6,468,434 1909 $125,072,944 1901 429,981,714 $41,428,480 36,610,306 $4,316,843 80,774,979 $9,639,554 123,640,054 $12,665,175 6,983,008 $427,106 26,460,602 $3,086,410 134,425,208 $17,804,064 6,379,759 $1,367,796 39,682,116 $4,404,702 I') 47,042,820 $5,814,101 m 3,149,003 $2,692,932, S 61,948,253 $4,472,789 m m V) h 16,928 $436,900 899, 790 49,577,570 $7,106,691 1,913,895 $1,389,474 6, 605, 170 $2,249,241 $5,873,786 $73,218, 198 310,605,638 $26,119,679 26,400,486 $2,605,948 63,435,207 $5,991,233 123,177,559 $9,130,670 2,828,915 $237,168 15,145,733 $759,210 106,495,914 $10,712,616 (') $728,173 ^] 12,481,377 $1,028,106 S 35,098,711 $2,413,755 ['i 3,678,246 $2,035,419 1,304,760 $812,413 10,740 $233,562 607,034 36,892,215 $3,748,693 4 2,069,553 * $1,101, 878 5,187,937 $1,997,334 $3,562,441 1 Not reported separately, except for canned beet, which was 2,460,000 pounds, valued at $447,903. 2 Not reported separately. 8 Figures can not be shown without disclosmre of individual operations. ' Includes pelts purchased for wool pulling. The value of all fresh and cured meats, including sausage, represented 79.6 per cent of the total value of all products for the industry in 1914. Canned goods made a noticeable gain since 1909 in both quan- tity and value, the increase being 8,672,224 pounds, or 161.2 per cent, and $1,164,929, or 85.2 per cent, in value. The increase in " hides and pelts " was confined to sheepskins, which, however, decreased in value. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. 1019 Cattle and calf skins decreased in number and weight but increased in value.. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — New York ranked second among the states in 1914 in the total value of flour-mill and gristmill products and third in the production of wheat flour. The following table shows the quantity and value of the different products for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 47 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $77,408,764 $69,802,278 $54,546,435 Wheat floor: Barrels 8,522,011 $40,798,737 212,926 $945,174 44,291,164 $1,333,354 1,904,032 $32,698 1,470,365 $4,382,960 79,146,293 $1,233,810 6,560,172 $118,629 328, 665 $7,864,012 637,394 $19,659,671 20,119,623 $476,737 $171,266 $391,716 6,te6,628 $35,659,891 226,992 $970,797 66,632,357 $1,724,854 1,530,356 $25,587 2,090,537 $5,967,943 19,534,650 $289,941 5,678,743 $28,177,883 332, 719 Value Eye flour: Value..! $1,424,315 66,234,663 $1,639,873 7, 005, 960 Buckwheat flour: Barley meal: Value .... $96,844 3,004,226 $6,928,206 82,614,004 $857,957 Com meal and corn flour: Barrels Value Hominy and grits: Value Oatmeal: Pounds Value ....-■. jBran and middlings: Tons 1 856,923 f $23,735,433 Value Peed and offal: Tons $14,564,772 Breakfast foods: , Value All other cereal products, value $1,200,792 $227,040 All other products, value $856, 585 Wheat flour, which represents slightly more than one-half of the total value of aU products at each census, shows an increase of 27.3 per cent in quantity and 14.4 per cent in value for the period 1909-1914,' as compared with an increase of 17.9 per cent in quan- tity and 26.6 per cent in value for the preceding five- year period. Feed and offal, consisting mainly of com and oats ground together, was the second product of importance at each census. The output of com meal and com flour and of rye flour decreased in both quan- tity and value for both five-year periods. Buckwheat flour increased in quantity and value during the earlier five-year period but decreased during the later period. The largest relative increase was for hominy and grits, 305.2 per cent in quantity and 325.5 per cent in value. Of the 891 mills reported in 1914, 232 were engaged m. milling wheat flour. Thirteen miUs produced in the aggregate 7,122,767 barrels of wheat flour, or 83.6 per cent of the total output for the state. The equipment reported in 1914 consisted mainly of 2,268 stands of rolls, 600 runs of stone, and 887 attrition mills. Bar- rels were manufactured by 10 and sacks by 2 of the establishments reporting in 1914. Boots and shoes. — The manufacture of footwear in New York shows a decided advance from 1909 to 1914. The total number of pairs increased 36 per cent and constituted 13.3 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, as compared ©fyj^^f^!^ in 1909. The following table shows the number of pairs of the various kinds of footwear manufactured during 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 48 Boots and shoes Men's Boys' and youths' Women's Misses' and children's Slippers Men's, boys' and youths' Women's, misses', and children's. Infants' shoes and slippers All other footwear NUMBEK or PAIES. 1914 108, 923, 590, 021 573; 301, 108, 192', 306, O8I: 1909 20, 105, 346 3,853,855 745, 527 10,141,133 5,364,831 2, 518, 469 701,356 1,817,113 3, 797, 675 2,116,961 1904 010, 064 , 576, 787 265, 183 ', 174, 649 ,993,445 037,412 393, 968 1,643,444 (>) 2,779,814 • Not reported separately. The number of pairs of boots and shoes manufac- tured in 1914 is an increase over 1909 of 44.8 per cent, and represents 11.5 per cent of the total made in the United States, as compared with 8.1 per cent in 1909. The production of men's boots and shoes increased 157.5 per cent between 1909 and 1914, and that of boys' and youths', and women's boots and shoes, 247.4 per cent and 18.5 per cent, respectively. The output of misses' and children's boots and shoes decreased 14.8 per cent during the five years. The number of pairs of slippers manufactured in 1914 was 48.3 per cent less than the number reported for 1909, but this figure is exclusive of more than 3,500,000 pairs of felt slippers included under "all other footwear," not designated in the returns as men's or women's shppers. Making such allowance, the output of slippers in 1914 was nearly double that for 1909. The number of infants' shoes and shppers increased 13.4 per cent over 1909. The output of the various kinds of footwear manu- factured in 1914 and 1909, classified according to the methods used in their manufacture, is shown in the following table : Table 49 Boots and shoes Men's, boys' and youths- Women's Misses' and children's. . . Slippers Men's,boys',and youths Women's, misses', and children's. Infants' shoes and slippers. . All other footwear Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 NTJMBEE or PAIES BY METHOD OF MANU- FACTUEE. Total. 29, 108. 742 20,105,346 12,513,663 4,599,382 12,021,725 10,141,133 4, 573, 354 5,364,831 1,301,509 2, 518, 469 108,531 701,356 1, 192, 078 1,817,113 4,306,631 3,797,675 4,081,276 2,116,961 Welted. 12,220,438 7,399,540 3,433,881 1,333,063 6,943,115 4,905,261 1, 843, 442 1,161,211 261,391 360, 670 38,882 73, 847 222, 609 45,833 291,842 3,400 789, 192 McKay. 4,638,527 6,374,211 1,472,366 1,004,776 2,514,851 2, 905, 639 651,310 1, 463, 796 209,951 1,523,174 64, 294 479, 858 145,657 1,043,318 138,946 22,203 2,327,919 763, 103 Turned and wood or metal fastened. 12,249,777 7,331,595 7,607,416 2, 261, 538 2, 563, 759 2,330,233 2, 078, 602 2,739,824 830, 167 634,625 5,355 147,653 824,812 486,972 4,121,852 3,483,630 1,749,957 564,666 flCfft)^ti®^ number of pairs of footwear manufac- tured in New York in 1914, 48.8 per cent were turned 1020 MANUFACTURES. and wood or metal fastened, 32.3 per cent were welted, by machine or hand, and 18.9 per cent were McKay sewed. Nearly two- thirds of the men's, boys' and youths' boots and shoes made in 1914 were turned and wooden or metal fastened, as compared with less than one-half in 1909. A large proportion of women' boots and shoes and misses' and children's boots and shoes were made by the welted process — 57.8 per cent of the women's and 40.3 per cent of the children's. Practically two-thirds of the shppers and nearly all of the infants' footwear were turned. Paper and wood pulp. — New York has been the leading state in the production of paper and wood pulp at the last three censuses. In 1914 the value of the manufactured output formed 17 per cent of the total for the industry in the United States. Of the 150 paper and pulp miUs in the state in 1914, 18 were en- gaged exclusively in the manufacture of wood pulp, 76 made paper only, and 56 produced both pulp and paper. The wood pulp manufactured in mills pro- ducing pulp exclusively was used largely as material by the paper mills of the state, and to the extent that it was so used its value represents a dupHcation both in the total cost of materials and in the total value of products shown for the industry as a whole. The following table gives the quantity and cost of the principal materials used in the industry during 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 50 1914 1909 1904 Materials, total cost $35,930,459 $31, 767, 283 $22, 805, 751 Pulp wood: Cords 894,098 $9,664,422 390,064 $10,621,460 1240,177 $4,746,756 123,013 $5,062,236 26,874 $812,468 29,416 $617,446 188, 379 $2,102,411 11,793 , $487,422 $4,042,077 $8,395,221 921,882 $9, 667, 765 331,143 $10,075,729 150,844 $3,202,648 162,847 $6,157,218 17,452 $715,863 27,809 $493,271 155,436 $2,000,335 11,952 $429,368 $3,028,118 $6,072,697 864,214 $6,530,006 264, 862 Cost Wood pulp, purchased: Cost : $7, 012, 081 Ground — Tons 111, 082 Cost $1,942,151 Sulphite fiber- Tons 145, 974 Cost $4, 801, 063 other chemical fiber— Tons 7,806 Cost $268,867 Rags, including cotton and flax waste and sweepings: 21,056 Cost ,. $336,503 101, 472 Old or waste paper: Cost $1, 167, 592 Manila stock, including jute bagging, rope, waste, threads, etc.: 23,119 $554,335 $2, 293, 285 Cost Fuel and rent of power, cost $4,912,949 1 Includes 4,150 tons of mechanical screenings which cost $33,476. The cost of pulp wood purchased for use in the es- tablishment reporting was practically the same in 1914 as in 1909. Of the 894,098 cords of pulp wood used ia 1914, 39.8 per cent was imported spruce; 39.2 per cent, domestic spruce; 4.8 per cent, imported poplar; and 4.6 per cent, domestic poplar. The quantity and cost of wood pulp purchased for use in the establishments reporting increased, ^b- stantiaUy during the decade. Gr(kM^ lU^^^ represented 61 .6 per cent of the total amount of wood pulp purchased for use in 1914, but its cost was less than that of sulphite fiber. The quantity of sulphite fiber purchased for use in 1914 was practically one- fourth (24.5 per cent) less than that reported for 1909, while the total cost was about one-sixth (17.8 per cent) less in 1914 than in 1909. Rags and waste paper were used in increased quantity at each census period. Manila stock deereaaed 1 .3 per cent in quantity, but increased 13.5 per cent in cost from 1909 to 1914. The quantity and value of the different products manufactured' during the last three census years are shown in the foUowiag table: Table 51 Products, total value News paper, in rolls or sheets: Tons Value Hanging papers: Tons Value Book, cover, plate, and coated paper: Tons Value Wrapping paper: Tons Value Manila (rope, jute, etc.)— Tons Value Heavy (mill wrappers, etc.)— Tons Value Bogus or wood manila — Tons Value All other- Tons Value Boards: Tons Value Wood pulp- Tons Value News- Tons Value All other- Tons Value Tissue paper: Tons Value All other paper: Tons Value Wood pulp made for sale or for con- sumption in mills other thai) where produced: Tons Value Ground- Tons Value Sulphite fiber — Tons Value Soda fiber- Tons Value Screenings, mechanical and chemical — Tons Value All other products, value Wood pulp produced (including that used in mills where manufactured), total tons Grotmd, tons Sulphite fiber, tons Soda fiber, tons Screenings, mechanical and chemical, tons 1914 $56,335,681 489,136 $19,869,081 69,022 $3, 187, 737 82, 142 $5, 705, 680 158,249 $8,265,907 16,327 $1,250,725 19,654 $662,840 87, 277 $4,313,583 34,991 $2,038,759 181, 830 $6,441,815 32, 376 $1,279,332 4,213 $125,023 145,241 $5,037,460 46,032 $3,909,858 68,296 $3,141,112 182,964 $4,938,321 100,631 $1,804,941 53,874 $2,134,879 23,499 $950,179 4,960 $48,322 $876,170 703,125 423,605 219,446 49, 594 10,480 1909 $48,859,610 374,808 $14,662,245 62,179 $2,865,839 68,717 $4,567,173 150,098 $7,724,244 17,347 $1,045,375 18,951 $695,468 79,952 $4,206,208 33,848 $1,777,193 141,467 $5,105,735 23,757 $948,796 5,477 $144,844 112,233 $4,012,095 30,049 $2,786,101 62,930 $2,169,723 279,875 $8,820,696 100,383 $1,859,391 146, 256 $5,586,136 33,236 $1,375,169 ill $157, 854 679,534 405,376 234,717 39,441 (') 1904 $37,750,605 347,546 $13,465,093 42,722 $1,978,650 33,567 $2,381^336 157,186 $7,180,993 20,888 $930,273 12, 741 $466,846 75,262 $3,359,980 48,295 $2,373,894 90,094 $3,347,317 11,011 $508,000 7,230 $255,843 71,853 $2,583,474 18,101 $1,764,911 30,824 $1,582,100 235,442 $5,621,342 $1,921,371 $3,076,740 17,379 $623,231 8428,863 606,014 379,029 200,019 W 1 Not reported separately. At eac the last three censuses New York has itates in the output of news paper, the NEW YORK. 1021 mills of the state producing over one-third of all the news paper manufactured in the United States in 1914. From 1909 to 1914 the increase ia the value of this product was $5,206,836, or 35.5 per cent. Wrapping paper, the second product of importance at each census, was largely of the Bogus or wood manUa variety. The output of boards more than doubled in quantity during the decade and increased 92.4 per cent in value. New York reported 71.5 per cent of the total quantity of hanging paper and 39.9 per cent of the tissue paper manufactured in the United States in 1914, as compared with 67.'5 per cent and 38.7 per cent, respectively, in 1909. Of the total quantity of wood pulp manufactured in the state in 1914, including that used in the miUs where it was made, 60.2 per cent was ground wood pulp; 31.2 per cent, sulphite fiber; 7.1 per cent, soda fiber; and 1.5 per cent, screenings. These figures rep- resent a slight increase in the proportion of ground wood pulp and soda fiber in 1914 over 1909. Sev- enty-four per cent of the pulp manufactured in 1914 was used in the mills where it was made, as compared with 58.8 per cent in 1909. The status of the industry is best indicated by a comparison of the total quantity of wood pulp manu- factured with that consumed in the establishments reporting as well as that manufactured for sale. In 1914 the mills of the state produced 703,125 tons of wood pulp, of which 182,964 tons were manufactured for sale. Adding the 390,064 tons purchased to the difference, 520,161 tons, the resultant, 910,225 tons, represents the total quantity of wood pulp used in the manufacture of paper in the state during 1914. The total quantity used in 1909 was 730,802 tons. There were 207,100 tons of wood pulp used in 19l4, which were purchased outside the state, as compared with 61,268 tons in 1909 and 29,420 tons in 1904. Although there has been an increase during the decade in the production of wood pulp, the gain has not kept pace with the growing demand for this important material required in the manufacture of paper. Table 52 shows the number and capacity of "the" Fourdrinier and cylinder machines used ia the paper mills and of the grinders and digesters used in the pulp mills in 1914, 1909, and 1904, The number of paper machines decreased from 331 in. 1909 to 278 in 1914, while their aimual capacity increased 230,499 tons, or 21 per cent, during the five- year period. The reduction in Fourdrinier machines was only 6 as compared with 47 in the cylinder ma- chines. The daily capacity of both classes of paper machines, however, increased substantially. The pulp equipment of the state decreased about one-tenth in capacity, as compared with 1909, but increased over 1904. The number of grinders increased by 36 from 1909 to 1914, but the yearly capacity decreased by 61,121 tons. Soda-fiber digesters made a small gain, Digifjzed both in number and yearly capacity, as compared with the two previous censuses, while sulphite-fiber digest- ers decreased both in niunber and yearly capacity, as compared with 1909. Table 52 Paper machines: Total number Capacity, yearly, tons Fourdrinier— Numter Capacity per 24 hours, tons Cylinder- Number Capacity per 24hours, tons Eulp machines: Grinders, number Digesters, number Sulphite fiber Socfa fiber Capacity, yearly, tons olpulp.. Ground Sulphite Soda 1914 1909 278 331 1,326,593 1,096,094 147 153 3,163 2,476 131 178 1,266 1,124 636 500 104 114 81 93 23 21 936,402 1,038,741 624,315 685,436 260,234 308,622 51,853 44,683 1904 290 880,920 165 2,230 135 815 535 105 84 21 832,509 666, 703 233,284 32, 522 Gas, illuminating and heating. — This industry in- cludes the manufacture of all gas for illuminating and heating purposes, with the exception of by-product gas from coke manufacture and producer gas made and constuned in the same establishment. Gas lighting was first introduced into New York City in 1823. In 1869 the value of all products of the gas industry was 18,512,706 and it has a little more than doubled each 20 years since— in 1889 the value being $18,716,683 and in 1909, $42,346,726. In 1914 the value of all products was $52,815,589, an increase of 24.7 per cent over 1909. New York has ranked first among the states at the last three censuses, reporting 24 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in the United States in 1914, as compared with 25.4 per cent in 1909 and 28.2 per cent in 1904. The following table shows the quantity and cost of the different materials used in the gas industry during 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 53 1914 1909 1904 $21,659,786 $16,018,406 $10,940,401 For gas making: Tons (2,000 lbs.). 1,621,359 $5,299,805 91,343 $314,703 1200,293,346 $8,278,747 2,463,042 $50, 110 $4,966,683 $601,697 $874,724 $1,183,317 1,275,404 $4,305,405 101,012 $330,338 1171,212,040 $5,578,560 897,350 $27,489 $2 965,563 $384,712 $986,370 $439,969 1 159 196 Cost $3,934,231 37,274 $77,052 128,365,316 $5,509,761 31,600 $1,251 $62, 151 $388,370 } $967,585 Coke- Tons (2,000 lbs.) Cost.... Oil- Cost Calcium carbide— PnnnHs Cost Gas, purchased, cost Fuel for 'boilers and retorts, cost Amount paid for lamps and appli- ances purchased for sale, cost All other materials, cost . I Includes, for 1914, 18,160 gallons of benzol, $2,672, and 35,663 gallons of benzine, gasoline, or naphtha, $8,606; for 1909, 63,911 gallons of benzol, $5,994, and 56,121 gallons of benzine, gasoline, or naphtha, $12,327. Oil was the most important material used at the last three censuses, the cost representing 38.4 per cent of the amount expended for aU materials in 1914, 37.1 per cent in 1909, and 50.4 per cent in 1904. The quan- by Microsoft® 1022 MANUFACTURES. tity of oil used in 1909 was practically one-third more than in 1904, while the cost was but shghtly greater, whereas in 1914 the quantity of oil used increased only 17 per cent over 1909 while the cost increased by nearly one-haK- The material of second importance was coal, the cost of which represented 24.6 per cent of the total cost of all materials in 1914, as compared with 28.7 per cent in 1909 and 36 per cent in 1904. The quantity used increased 19.3 per cent and the cost 23.1 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Calcium carbide, which is used in the manufacture of acetylene gas, shows the greatest relative gain both in quantity and cost. A number of companies manu- facturing gas within the state purchased'^from other New York companies considerable quantities of gas for distribution, such purchases amounting in 1914 to 10,849,673,000 cubic feet and costing $4,956,683. These figures, in a measure, represent the extent of duphcation in the industry for the year. The following table shows the quantity and value of the different gas products manufactured during the last three census years: Table 64 1914 1909 1904 $62,815,589 $42,346,726 $35,314,903 Gas: Cubic feet, thousands 54,776,737 $43,169,529 1,822,078 $1,701,335 34,593,594 $26,445,869 18,289,899 $14,670,483 ■ 53,922 $189,590 8,622 $150,392 8,722 $11,870 16,327,388 $1,197,018 27,249,634 $736,044 $6,476,672 $1,236,326 45,768,354 $34,851,565 6,258,297 $4,267,355 34,759,676 $26,704,625 4,603,866 $3,490,211 134,167 $322,878 3,488 $48,837 8,860 $17,669 17,509,868 $1,163,509 115,304,307 $312,749 $4,984,977 $1,033,926 34,180,625 $33,483,741 2,277,537 $2,084,077 22,336,001 $18,669,697 9,261,881 $12,518,259 303,186 $306,270 128 $2,014 1,892 $3,424 11,839,667 $732,712 13,334,182 $317,214 $162,823 $628,413 Straight coal— Cubic feet, thousands Value Carbureted water- Cubic feet, thousands Value Mixed coal and water- Cubic feet, thousands Value Oil- Cubic feet, thousands Value Acetylene- Cubic feet, thousands Value..... All other- Cubic feet, thousands Value. Coke: Bushels. Value Tar: Gallons Value Receipts from rents and sales of lamps 1 In addition, 6,439,961 gallons were reported without value. The total qijantity of all Mnds of gas reported in- Creased 9,008,383,000 cubic feet, or 19.7 per cent, and the value $8,317,964, or 23.9 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. Carbureted water gas, although manufactured in shghtly less quantity in 1914 than in 1909, formed 63.2 per cent of the total production and 61.3 per cent of the total value. From 1904 to 1909 the quantity and value of mixed gas decreased by more than one- half, but from 1909 to 1914 there was an increase of 13,686,033,000 cubic feet, or 297.3 per cent, and of $11,180,272, or 320.3 per cent, in value. The output of straight coal gas increased 3,980,760,000 cubic feet, or 174.8 per cent, and $2,183,278, or LD4.aper cent^in value from 1904 to 1909, but irom kmilv^^M- creased 4,436,219,000 cubic feet, or 70.9 per cent, and $2,566,020, or 60.1 per cent, in value. Acetylene gas shows a relatively large increase at each census period. There was a decrease from 1909 to 1914 in the output of coke produced for sale and a substantial increase in the production of tar. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. — A large proportion of the pig iron products of the blast furnaces is used in cooperating steel works ; hence, there is some dupli- cation in cost of materials and value of products be- tween the separately classified industries when con- sidered as a combined industry. The following table shows the quantity and value of pig iron produced in 1914, 1909, and 1904, together with the value of the otfier products of the blast furnaces: Table 55 1914 1909 1904 $18,485,638 $26,620,948 $8,634,737 Pig iron: Tons (2,240 lbs.) 1,406,455 $18,175,036 $310,602 332,507 246,023 629,459 196,462 2,004 659,378 468,767 278,310 1,717,091 $26,696,413 $24,535 262,846 622,115 629,905 107,973 94,252 764,800 692,691 259,600 609,588 $8,411,946 $222,791 4,669 All other products, value Pig iron classified by grades ((oTw). Basic Bessemer, includmg low phosphorus . 225,414 275,104 34,848 69,553 Another Pig iron classified by method of delivery or casting {tons). 382,235 127,028 100,325 Delivered in molten condition There was a pronoimced increase in the production of pig iron .during the five-year period 1904-1909, the actual gain being 181.7 per cent in tonnage and 216.2 per cent in value. The output decrease4, however, from 1909 to 1914, 18.1 per cent in tonnage and 31.7 per cent in value. Of the coke iron which comprised all of the 1914 product, 70 per cent was produced for sale and 30 per cent for use in the plants of the pro- .ducing companies. The leading grade was foundry iron, which formed 44.8 per cent of the total produc- tion in 1914, 36.7 per cent in 1909, and 45.1 per cent in 1904. Basic pig iron was second in importance in 1914, while Bessemer, which was second in importance both in 1909 and 1904, dropped to third place in 1914, decreasing 60.5 per cent in tonnage. There were 16 active furnaces in 1914, 3 less than in 1909, with an aggregate daUy capacity of 5,385 tons. Fourteen are located in the western part of the state, in Erie, Niagara, and Monroe Counties, and 2 in the Champlain district. The western group of furnaces used Lake Superior ores, while those of the Champlain district used ores mined in the neighborhood. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. — The following table shows the quantity and the cost of the J .principal xlasses of materials and the quantity and /r^afiS^Pifi^nain groups of products reported by the NEW YORK. 1023 teel works and rolling mills of New York for 1914, .909, and 1904: rable 56 Materials, total cost. 'ie iron, including ferroalloys: ■ Tons (2,240 lbs) Cost Scrap, purchased, including old rails not intended for reroUing: i Tons Cost bgots, blooms, billets, slabs, muck and scrap bar, and sheet and tin- plate bars: Tons Cost Fuel and rent of power, cost. All other materials, cost Products, total value.. Rolled, forged, and other classified products: Tons Value All other products, including value added to rolling-mill products by further manufacture, value 1911 $13,216,613 522, 783 $7, 150, 599 194,541 $2,456,598 92,296 $1,763,386 $2,496,187 $4,349,843 $32,077,757 703,710 $26,465,401 $5,612,356 1909 $25,889,170 947,641 $15,087,647 183,112 $3,239,711 96,691 $1,874,919 $2,170,165 $3,516,728 $39,532,414 1,055,968 $33,921,048 $5,611,366 1904 $13,260,039 506,902 $6,800,549 156,985 $2,181,434 24,811 $676,995 $1,577,541 $2,023,520 $21,227,399 569,323 $18,216,002 $3,011,397 1 Includes scrap transferred to the establishment reporting from other works of the company. Pig iron and ferroalloys constituted the most important group of materials used in each of the last three census years, as regards both tonnage and cost. The cost of pig iron and ferroalloys formed 39.3 per cent of the total cost of materials used in 1914, as compared with 58.3 per cent in 1909 and 51.3 per cent in 1904. From 1904 to 1909 there was a general increase in the tonnage of each of the three main groups of materials used, as well as in the cost of each class of materials, the largest relative gain in both respects being shown for the group comprising ingots, blooms, etc. Owing to the industrial depres- sion of 1914, the returns for that year show a decrease since 1909 of 44.8 per cent in the quantity of pig iron used and of 4.5 per cent in the quantity of ingots, blooms, etc., consumed. The only niaterial showing an increase in 1914, as compared with 1909, was scrap iron purchased, which increased 6.2 per cent in quantity but decreased 24.2 per cent in cost. In addition to the 194,541 tons of scrap iron and steel acquired from outside sources, 176,832 tons pro- duced in the works themselves during 1914 was charged back into the furnaces. Rolled, forged, and other classified products, which represented 82.5 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in 1914 and 85.8 per cent in both 1909 and 1904, show a decrease from 1909 to 1914 of 33.4 per cent in tonnage and of 22 per cent in value. The total production of steel in the state in 1914 was 745,441 tons, as compared with 1,115,250 tons in 1909 and 474,258 tons in 1904. Open-hearth steel constituted 81 per cent of the total output; Bessemer steel, 16.1 per cent; and crucible and electric steel, the remainder. Of the total products in 1914, 711,822 tons were in ingots and 33,619 tons were in castings. The leading rolling-mill products in 1914^in.^the order of tonnage were: RaUs; bars and rods, spike, chain, and bolt rods, horseshoe bars, etc.; structural shapes; rail fastenings; plates and sheets; and wire rods. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — The quantity of milk used in this industry decreased from 2,722,- 580,187 pounds in 1904 to 2,422,727,788 pounds in 1909 and to 2,049,532,238 pounds in 1914, whereas the quantity of cream used increased from 6,176,069 pounds in 1904 to 17,842,320 pounds in 1909 and to 53,454,943 pounds in 1914. The decrease in the quantity of milk used in the manufacture of butter is due to the radical change in the method of handling milk, which has taken place in the last few years. Formerly it was common practice to sell the whole mUk to the creamery, but now the milk is usually separated on the farm and only the cream is sold. EstabHshments engaged primarily in the manu- facture of butter decreased from 543 in 1904 to 426 in 1909 and to 279 in 1914, and those manufacturing cheese decreased from 1,198 in 1904 to 1,090 in 1909 and to 821 in 1914. On the other hand, the estab- hshments engaged in the production of condensed mUk increased from 25 in 1904 to 36 in 1909 and to 44 in 1914. Th^ following table shows the quantity and value of the different kinds of butter, cheese, and con- densed milk manufactured in New York during 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 57 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $43,262,309 $42,458,345 $31,047,776 Butter: 35,385,557 $10,551,007 23,526,187 $6,871,975 11,8.59,370 $3,679,032 97,614,024 $13,840,244 86,016,482 $12,556,953 6,812,375 $659,572 2,692,691 $243,349 2,093,476 $380,370 131.574,633 $10,600,913 72,487,665 $6,628,171 59,086,968 $3,972,742 28,074,200 $4,312,170 6,986,603 $462,299 9,372,177 $1,105,335 $1,892,915 $497,426 45,897,216 $13,471,482 31,481,828 $9,127,057 - 14,415,388 . $4,344,425 105,194,898 $14,266,924 89,055,411 $12,502,997 7,171,365 $778,770 4,45.^681 $291,246 4,512,441 $693,911 120,601,-999 $9,428,283 87,658,031 $7,575,218 32,943.968 $1,853,065 27,078,783 $3, 481, 296 _ 6,712,971 $482,308 58, 256, 504 Value $12,316,059 46,208,732 $9,522,572 12,047,772 $2,793,487 132,838,482 $10,812,747 PI Packed solid- Pounds . Value ; Prints or rolls- Value Cheese: Pounds . Value Full-cream— Value (') Part-cream— (') Value « Skimmed — Poxmds . . t^ Value Other kinds— PnnndR (') 0) 102,480,355 $6,718,380 78,149,508 $5,433,668 24,330,847 $1,284,712 5,072,920 $428,941 6,736,506 $310,953 Value Condensed and evaporated milk: Value ... Sweetened— Value Unsweetened and evaporated — Pounds . Value Cream sold: Pnnnds , Value Casein: Pounds Value Powdered milk: Pounds Value $689,211 $738,841 $460,696 All other butter, cheese, and con- densed-milk factory products, value. All other products, value d by Mfemsef^'^- ' Figures not available. 1024 MANUFACTURES. The output of cheese and aJso of butter decreased m quantity but increased in value from 1904 to 1909, while from 1909 to 1914 both quantity and value decreased. Condensed milk increased substantially ia both quantity and value duriag the decade. Powdered milk, which was not reported separately prior to 1914, has assumed proportions of commercial importance. This product is a form of dry condensed mills, which by the addition of water and a certain, amount of cream is converted iuto a good grade of milk. The growing demand for this product is due to the fact that it can be kept for a long period without deteriorating, and it is not affected by climatic changes. Of the totals reported for the United States in 1914, the factories of New York contributed 4.8 per cent of the value of butter, 27.5 per cent of the value of cheese, and 18 per cent of the value of condensed milk. The correspondiag percentages for 1909 were considerably higher, 7.5, 33, and 28.1, respectively. More than two-thirds of the butter manufactured ia 1914 and 1909 was packed solid; the remaining was sold in priuts or rolls. FuU-cream cheese represented 88.1 per cent of the total quantity of cheese manu- factiu-ed ia 1914, agaiost 84.7 per cent in 1909, and part-cream represented 7 per cent ia 1914, compared with 6.8 per cent in 1909. Although the quantity and value of sweetened con- densed mUk iacreased from 1904 to 1909, there was a decrease in both items from 1909 to 1914. Nearly 6,000,000 pounds less sweetened condensed milk was manufactured in 1914 than in 1904, but the value advanced more than $1,000,000. Unsweetened and evaporated condensed milk shows a greater iacrease than any other product : nearly two and one-half times as much was manufactured in 1914 as ia 1904, and the value was over three times as great. Chemicals. — There is a considerable production of chemicals by establishments reported under other in- dustrial classifications, and ia the presentation of sta- tistics for products in detail these have been iacluded, but their value is not included ia the general statistics for the classified iadustry. Table 58 shows the quantity and value of the more important chemicals and groups of chemicals manufactured duriag 1914, 1909, and 1904. While the estabhshments constitutiag the classified chemical iadustry reported products valued at $42,876,880 ia 1914, this amount iacludes the value of products other than chemicals, such as residuums, etc., valued at $1,055,978. In addition, there were produced by establishments engaged primarily ia the manufacture of sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids, and ia the manufacture of products classified under other industry designations, chemicals valued at $6,043,324, so that the value of all chemical products of the state was $47,864,226. The corresponding figures for 1909 and 1904 were $37,842,580 and ^^^^jf^Q^^l tively. ^ Table 58 1914 1909 1904 $48,920,204 $39,079,197 $25,733,397 $42,876,880 $6,043,324 $3,884,613 $7,314,205 159,440 $1,883,012 40,864 $548,115 51,641 $824,873 $4,058,205 $435,618 $521,713 $2,546,209 $23,081,853 $3,319,898 $19,761,955 $1,143,413 $12,256,500 $1,055,978 $35,346,072 $3,733,125 $3,717,588 $6,221,853 142,131 $2,271,513 37,106 $437,531 49,306 $866,836 $2,645,973 $646,437 $262,299 $932,006 $13,401,878 $23,021,705 $2,711,692 1 $3,813, 566 $5,542,930 173,721 $2,815,718 35,824 $498,361 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids in- dustry and subsidiary cliemieal prod- Acids Sodas .- . Soda ash- Tons Value..... Sal soda- Bicarbonate of soda- Value $587,698 $1,641,153 $926,329 $567,774 $4,784,640 Other soda nroducts . value Almns, value ^ Bleaching materials, value Chemical substances produced by the aid. of electricity, vaJiie Included under specificheads, value. Not elsewhere included, value Compressed or liquefied gases, value — $13,401,878 $702,739 $11,961,107 $1,233,290 $4,784,640 $490,316 $7,836,763 $1,771,079 All other products, value 1 Includes value of all products of sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acid establishments. 2 Figures not available. Electrochemical and electrometallurgioal products form the most important group. In 1914 chemicals valued at $23,081,853 were manufactured by the aid of electricity. This is an increase of 72.2 per cent over 1909, and the output in 1909 was an increase of 180.1 per cent over 1904. The 1914 product iacludes sodas, bleaching materials, etc., made with the aid of electricity, which are also iacluded ia their respective groups. The value of these products constituted 48.2 per cent of the total v^lue of aU chemicals manufac- tured in the state in 1914, as compared with 35.4 per cent ia 1909 and 20.7 per cent in 1904. The remark- able growth in the manufacture of this group of prod- ucts in New York, which in 1914 represented more than three-fourths of the total value of such products in the United States, is due largely to the extensive utilization of water power in the western part of the state for the generation of electric current. The pria- cipal substances which made up this group ia 1914 are abrasives (alundum, carborundum, etc.); almninum; calcium carbide ; carbon bisulphide ; caustic soda and caustic potash; chlorates; chloride of lime and other hypochlorites ; chlorine ; f erro and other alloys ; phos- phorus ; sodium and sodium peroxide. The next group ia poiat of value ia 1914 was sodas, which iacreased $678,923, or 12.2 per cent, from 1904 to 1909, and $1,092,352, or 17.6 per cent, from' 1909 to 1914. The production iacludes that made electro- chemically. In 1904 "sodas" was the most important group. The large iacrease in bleachtag chemicals, 173.2 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, is due chiefly to the growth of electrochemical production. Coal-tar prod- ucts more than doubled ia value, and the output of compressed or liquefied gases increased over 60 per cent duriag the five-year period 1909-1914. The chief products tmder the heading of "compressed or lique- fied gases" are carbon dioxide (carbonic acid gas), 'tf&^ Mf&V^df^^^"^' ^^^ laughiag gas. Some of the more ^ ' important products included under the group "other NEW YORK. 1025 chemicals" are refined glycerin, cream of tartar, chloroform, and silver salts. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. — The fol- lowing table shows the nmnber and value of the differ- ent classes of machines manufactured during 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 59 1914 1909 1901 Num- ber. Value. Num- ber. Value. Num- ber. Value. Product'', total valued $42,115,276 $30,979,527 $4,260,164 Automobiles . 11,056 m m 8,205 5,945 1,037 883 340 2,861 511 2,340 21,759,117 m 16,016,059 9,499,111 1,434,925 2,902,947 2,179,076 5,743,068 846,639 4,896,419 20,356,159 8,064 7,629 535 7,447 5,440 1,304 667 36 617 139 478 17,509,582 16,446,788 1,062,794 16,332,669 12,296,292 1,835,659 2,093,020 107,698 1,176,913 282,989 893,924 13,469,945 1,808 1,496 3 312 1,650 421 1,120 3,071,093 2,169,093 902,000 2,530,136 1,022,582 Electric and steam Passenger vehicles Touring cars Runabouts and buggies . Closed (limousines, cabs, etc.) 1,222,554 All other (omnibuses, government and mu- 109 158 77 81 285,000 540,957 191,457 349,500 1,189,071 Business vehicles Delivery wagons Tracts and all other All other products, includ- 1 In addition, 6 automobiles, valued at $10,459, in 1914, and 39 automobiles, valued at $110,168, in 1909, were manufactured by establishments engaged primarily in other industries. « Not shown separately;, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes 5 steam touring cars. In 1914, 11,056 automobiles, valued at $21,759,117, were buUt in the automobile factories of New York. These figures represent an increase of 37.1 per cent in number and of 24.3 per cent in value for the five-year period 1909-1914, and a gain of 511.5 per cent in num- ber and of 608.5 per cent in value for the ten -year period from 1904-1914. Of the automobiles manufactured in 1914, 74.2 per cent were passenger vehicles, as compared with 92.3 per cent in 1909 and 91 .3 per cent in 1904. There were 8,205 passenger automobiles made in 1914, 72,5 per cent of which were touring cars; of the 2,851 business vehicles, 82.1 per cent were trucks. The largest in- crease in the different classes of automobiles buUt was in trucks, which numbered 81 in 1904, 478 in 1909, and 2,340 in 1914. Automobiles manufactured in 1914 were equipped with engines rated as follows: 552 at less than 10 horsepower; 279 at 10 but less than 20 horsepower; 4,755 at 20 but less than 30 horsepower; 5,065 at 30 but less than 50 horsepower; and 405 at 50 horsepower or over. The increase in the manufacture of automobiles in New York has not kept pace with the growth of the industry as a whol^. Of the 569,054 automobiles manufactured in the United States in 1914, only 1.9 per cent were made in New York, as compared with 6.4 per cent in 1909 and 8.3 per cent in 1904. The articles included under the heading of "aU other products" at the census of 1914, the value of which amounted to 48.3 per cent of the total for all products, consisted largely of automobile bodies and 82ioi°-i8 — 65 Digitized by parts manufactured by establishments where no fin- ished vehicles were produced. It has been the prac- tice to segregate the manufacture of the different parts to a considerable extent and to distribute the various processes among different establishments. As these partly manufactured products become the materials for other estabhshments, which assemble the parts and produce the completed vehicle, there is a dupli- cation in the total cost of materials and in the value of products reported for the industry approximately equivalent to the value of such bodies and parts used in the factories of the state. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — The quantity and cost of the different kinds of materials used in this industry during the last three census years are shown in the following table: Table 60 1914 1909 1904 $27,912,271 $20,940,733 $16,274,903 Cattle hides: Number 2,050,403 $15,042,357 2,060,623 $3,476,444 8,309,020 $3,819,324 $5,574,146 1,639,467 $10,473,699 2,107,584 $2,751,764 6,491,352 $3,214,723 $4,500,547 > 1,569,750 Cost $7,804,223 Calf and kip skins: Numhftr 1,135,591 Cost $1,083,158 Sheep and lamb sMns: 7,124,420 $2,708,110 $4,679,412 Hides show a greater increase in cost during the five-year period 1909-1914 than any other of the materials used, namely, $4,568,658, or 43.6 per cent, but the number used increased only 410,936, or 25.1 per cent. The cost of hides constituted 53.9 per cent of the total cost, of all materials used in the industry in 1914, 50 per cent in 1909, and 48 per cent in 1904. Hides treated in New York in 1914 represented 11.7 per cent of those tanned in the United States in that year, as compared with 8.9 per cent in 1909. The number of calf and kip skins treated decreased by 2.2 per cent for the period 1909-1914, while the number of sheep and lamb skins increased 28 per cent. The following table shows the quantity and value of the different products of this industry in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 61 Products, total value. Leather, value Sole, value Cattle side upper, value CaU and kip skins- Number Value Sheep and lamb skins- Number Value Harness— , Sides Value XTpholstery (auto, furniture and car- riage), value. All other, value All other products, value Work on materials for others, value . 1914 $36,018,342 $33,571,695 $7,184,038 $9,181,915 2,059,523 $4,437,642 7,196,784 $4,707,888 252,133 $2,041,408 $420,597 $5,598,207 $936, 374 $1,510,273 IVfJcivsofW 1909 $27,642,383 $25,859,801 $5,933,249 $5,826,075 2,106,084 $3,779,513 3,469,260 $2,406,610 237,198 $1,648,537 $851,055 $5,415,762 $597,502 $1,185,080 1904 $21,642,945 $19,265,208 $4,027,072 $4,901,639 1,122,832 $1,662,513 4,768,772 $3,049,763 184,182 $995,947 $223,025 $4,405,249 $1,320,483 $1,057,254 1026 MANUFACTURES. The value of upper leather constituted a larger pro- portion of the total value of all products for the industry in 1914 than that^of any other product, whereas in 1909 sole leather was the leadiug product. Tanned and finished sheep and lamb skins show the largest relative increase from 1909 to 1914 — 107.4 per cent in number and 95.6 in value. During the same period the number of tanned and finished calf and kip skius decreased 2.2 per cent, while the value in- creased 17.4 per cent. The quantity and value of harness leather manu- factured in the state have increased at each of the last three censuses. In 1914 the state contributed 18 per cent of the total number of tanned and finished sheep and lamb skins and 12.8 per cent of the tanned and finished caH and kip skins reported for the United States. The value of upholstery leather increased 281.6 per cent from 1904 to 1909 but decreased 50.6 per cent from 1909 to 1914. In addition to that shown in the above tabje, leather, valued at $1,251,801, was treated during 1914 by tanning, currying, and finishing estabhshments which used it in further manufacture. The amount received for tanning, currying, and finishing for others was 27.4 per cent greater in 1914 than in 1909, due to an increase in the number of hides tanned under contract. The estimated value after treatment of the stock tanned on a custom basis during 1914 for other tanners, curriers, or finishers was $3,476,726, as compared with $721,923 in 1909. On the other hand, the estimated value of the stock treated for others than tanners, curriers, or finishers was $5,330,562, in 1914, as against $7,286,944 in 1909. The estimated value of the leather produced for other estabhshments in this industry has no significance, for the reason that the value has already been included in the total value of products for the leather industry, being reported in each case by the estabhshment for whicn the work was done. The value of the leather made from hides and skins treated for others, not tanners, curriers, or finishers, is of greater importance, however, because it is not included in the total value of products, as the same hides or skins may be reported more than once, either as tanned and curried or finished. Furthermore, the value reported is esti- mated by the estabhshments doing the tanning or finishing and not by the owners. Musical instruments, pianos and organs and ma- terials. — The number and value of the different classes of instruments manufactured during 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in Table 62. A total of 121,215 pianos were manufactured in 1914, a decrease of 8 per cent since 1909, but an increase o'f 15.8 per cent during the decade. The value of pianos constituted 67.4 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in 1914, 70.2 per cent in 1909, and 71.3 per cent^jj.:.! most of the pianos were upright wi' tachments, this class decreased from 1909 to 1914, 34,481, or 31.8 per cent, in number, and $5,845,317, or 37.1 per cent, in value, compared with an increase from 1904 to 1909 of 11,580, or 11.9 per cent, in num- ber, and $1,264,680, or 8.7 per cent, in value. The decreased production during the decade of upright pianos without player attachments, ];iowever, is more than counterbalanced by the remarkable increase in the output of pianos for or with player attachments, the number having increased from 1,506 in 1904 to 41,728 in 1914. Grand pianos without player at- tachments increased 37.4 per cent in number and 28.8 per cent in value during the decade. Table 62 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $.33,071,781 1 $32,423,248 $23,389,504 Pianos: 121,215 $22,285,359 74,084 $9,924,398 41,728 $9,682,566 4,865 $2,402,216 538 $276,179 1,722 $163,014 >747 $763,191 $343,247 $8,719,201 $797,769 1131,780 1 $22, 764, 384 108,565 $15,769,715 18.917 $4,624,148 4,298 $2,370,521 102,032 $16,684,9U 96,985 $14,506,035 1,506 $314,682 3,641 $1,865,194 Value Upright— Without player attach- ments- Number . . . Value For or with player attach- ments- Number. . Value Grand— Without player attach- ments- Number Value For or with player attach- ments — Value Player attachments made separate: Number 2,789 $829,405 >275 $334,573 1 $7, 026, 856 $1,468,030 2,672 $321,865 58 Value Organs, pipe: Value ... . $133,471 (2) Parts, materials, and supplies, value . $5,142,812 $1,106,445 '§^.m& ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, or with the genera},sta- tistics in other tables, because certain estabhshments revised their reports for that census. 2 Not reported separately. » Includes reed organs, in order to avoid the disclosure of individual operations. The production of pipe organs in 1914 was an increase over 1909 of 171.6 per cent in number and 128.1 per cent in value. Perforated music roUs were reported separately for the first time in 1914. At each of the three censuses the value of parts and ma- terials constituted a considerable proportion of the total value of products. The major portion of the parts and materials, however, represents the output of independent establishments manxifacturing such products, which in turn were used as materials in the instrument factories, thus duphcating in part the cost of materials and value of products shown for the indus- try as a whole. Paint and varnish. — The quantity and value" of the different classes of paints and varnishes manufactured in New York factories during 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in Table 63. A larger value for paints ' in oil, already mixed for use, was reported in 1914 than for any other single nted separately in the table, though the ue of white lead, and all other paints NEW YORK. 1027 in paste form was slightly greater. Oleoresinous var- nishes, the leading product both in 1904 and 1909, dropped to second place in 1914. The quantity and value of white lead, both dry and in oil, manufactured in 1914 formed 21.6 per cent and 20.3 per cent, re- spectively, of the corresponding totals for the United States, as compared with 22.6 per cent and 23 per cent, respectively, for 1909.' Other leading products in 1914 were pigments, classified as dry colors, and water paiats and kalsomine, dry or in paste. Table 63 Products, total value Colors (pigments): ■White lead, dry- Pounds , Value Iron bufl and other earth colors — Pounds Value Other dry colors — Pounds- Chrome or yellow Orange or green ". Prussian blue Vermilion (true) All other Value Pulp colors sold moist- Pounds Value Paints In paste form, ground in oil — White lead- Pounds Value All other — Founds Value In oil, aheady mixed for use — Gallons Value Varnishes and japans Oleoresinous varnishes — Gallons Value Spirit varnishes, not turpentine — Gallons Value Damar and similar turpentine and benzine varnishes — Gallons Value ^Pyroxylin varnishes — Gallons Value _ Japans and dryers- Gallons Value Bating japans and lacquers- Gallons Value All other, value fillers: Liquid — Gallons Value ■ Dry or in paste — Poun represented 19.6 per cent of the total reported for the soap industry of the United States in 1914, as com- pared with 21.5 per cent in 1909 and 21.9 per cent in 1904. Soft soap, the second largest product in quan- tity, increased from 1909 to 1914 by 3,833,467 pounds, or 26.2 per cent, as compared with a decrease from 1904 to 1909 of 1,820,207 pounds, or U.l per cent. Glycerin increased 16.4 per cent in quantity and 59.8 per cent in value. Canning and preserving. — Canning and preserving, as a factory industry, assumed commercial prominence about 1850. New York was one of the first states in which it was developed, and its growth in that state has been continuous. Of the 987 establishments re- ported in 1914, 864 were engaged primarily in canning and preserving fruits and vegetables, 107 in the manu- facture of pickles, preserves, and sauces, and 16 in canning and curing fish. The quantity and value of the different products seported for 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table : The case, which is the unit of measure, consists of 24 standard size cans No. 2 (also called 2-pound cans) for beans, corn, peas, berries, cherries, and plums, and No. 3 (also called 3-pound cans) for all other fruits and vegetables. "Where the output of fruits and vege- tables has been reported in other units by the canner- ies, the quantities so reported have^ standard cases. Table 66 Products, total value.. Canned vegetables: Cases Value Beans — Value. . Com — Value Succotash- Value. . . Peas — Cases Value. . . Pumpkin- Cases Value. . . , Tomatoes — Value. . . All other — Cases . . . Value. . . Canned fruits: Values. Apples — Cases... Value. . , Berries- Cases . . . Value. . , Cherries — Cases... Value. . . Value. . Pears- Value., Plums- Value. , Ail other- Value. . Dried fruits, value. . Apples — Pounds Value All other, value. "V Fish, value Smoked and dried — Pounds Value Herring— Pounds Value Salmon- Pounds '. Value '.. Sturgeon — Pounds Value All other — Pounds ' Value Salted and pickled, value Herring, value All other, value All other products, including pickles, preserves, and sauces and canned fish, value 1914 1825,944,634 4,635,506 88,843,589 875,072 $1,729,891 735; 242 81,202,963 114,580 $198,407 1,899,922 83,822,471 84,292 8137,470 551,067 81,023,793 375,331 $728,594 1,406,508 $3,037,410 781,921 $1,230,258 243,511 $688,534 202,575 $588,078 7,589 832,013 76,344 $292,059 68,600 896,536 $109,932 82,196,617 37,220,053 $1,886,675 8309,942 81,405,837 7,218,761 81,215,646 1,391,906 8165,728 2,478,110 8442,243 430,150 8137,584 2,918,595 $470,091 $190,191 $185,052 85, 139 810,461,181 1909 1819,039,735 3,455,991 $6,271,904 569,176 $1,024,065 771,475 $1,197,999 68,673 $174,119 1,438,069 $2,681,366 103,127 $150,974 347,714 $657,375 157,767 $386,006 900,870 $2,182,455 429,180 $753,231 214,134 $596,130 90,445 41,727 $141, 142 51,686 $216,858 62,853 $76,449 20,845 $74,842 $2,346,875 33,652,115 $2,333,137 $13,738 $1,103,923 4,180,092 $780,103 335,800 2,595,614 $486,910 498,237 $152,286 750,441 8111,881 $323,820 $94,681 $229,139 87,134,578 1904 •816,821,221 3,922,068 $6,836,451 551,081 81,055,253 1,444,344 $2,272,682 1,509,629 $2,598,291 45,063 $72,780 184,894 $389,036 187,057 $448,409 585,264 81.207,760 $354,817 150,730 $372,171 46,160 $133,814 10,060 839,399 61,309 $172,944 41,195 858,839 26,514 $75,776 $1,346,040 31,458,702 $1,331,895 $14,145 $858,516 4,623.080 $777,859 466,000 834,534 1,880,600 8319,620 1,523,500 8332,350 762,980 891,355 —480,657 837,757 842,900 $6,572,454 1 Does not include 249,210 cases of canned vegetables, valued at $406,656; 69,441 cases of canned fruit, valued at $230,929; dried fruits, valued at 832,058; fish products, valued at 8345,376; and other products, valued at 8300, for 1914; and for 1909, canned vegetables, to the value ot 879,458; dried traits, to the value of 828,271; and salted flsh, to the value of $2,195, reported by establishments engaged primarily in indus- tries other than canning and preserving. 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. With the exception of dried fruits, each of the main groups of products shows a substantial gain from 1909 to 1914, both in quantity and value. The output of canned vegetables shows an increase of 1,179,515 cases, or 34.1 per cent, and $2,571,685, or 41 per cent, in value. The most important single product in 1914 was caimed peas, the value of which formed 14.7 per cent of the aggregate value of all products reported for the industry. With the exception of canned f;@ value of each of the vegetable products shown separately increased from 1909 to 1914. NEW YORK. 1029 The output of canned fruits, the second largest product, increased 505,638 cases, or 56.1 per cent, in quantity, and $854,955, or 39.2 per cent, in value from 1909 to 1914. Canned apples, the most important item ta this group, increased 352,741 cases, or 82.2 per cent, in quantity, and $477,027, or 63.3 per cent, iu value. With the exception of canned peaches, all other items in this group show increases over 1909, ia both quantity and value. Dried apples iucreased 3,567,938 pounds, or 10,6 per cent, but decreased $446,462, or 19.1 per cent, in value. The decHne in the export trade of dried apples was the chief cause of the decliae in value, because it lessened the demand. The dried apple product of the state iu 1914 represented approximately two- thirds of the total output of the United States. The quantity of smoked and dried fish increased diuing the five-year period 1909-1914, 3,038,669 pounds, or 72.7 per cent, and the value $435,543, or 55.8 per cent. In addition to the fish products given in Table 66, herring, valued at nearly one-half of that shown, was canned by establishments primarily en- gaged in other business, and, therefore, classified imder other industry designations. New York ranked fiirst among the states in 1914 in the output of dried apples and raspberries, canned apples, beans, and cherries, and smoked salmon. Agricultural implements. — ^In value of agricultural implements manufactured in 1914, New York was ex- ceeded by Illinois, Wisconsin, and Ohio. The follow- ing table gives the value of the different classes of im- plements manufactured ia the factories of the state during 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 67 1911 1909 1904 Products, total value ... $14,576,694 $14,970,980 $13,045,891 463,999 3,176,951 456,966 5,943,306 143,664 413,361 78,225 2,909,002 991,220 247,367 3,348,203 • 5,950,777 } 790,494 [ 4,634,149 1,800,182 Plows and cultivators 2,545,947 Harvesting implements: Hayrakes and hay tedders 5,841,389 Other Seed separators: Thiashers Other All other agricultural Implements, All other products, including repair 2,396,669 The total value of agricultural implements made in 1914 was shghtly less than in 1909, but $1,530,803, or 11.7 per cent, more than in 1904. Harvesting implements was the most important group of prod- ucts at each of the last three censuses, the value of such products representing 44.9 per cent of the total in 1914, 39.7 per cent in 1909, and 44.8 per cent in 1904. Harvesting implements and planters and seed- ers increased in value during the five-year period 1909- 1914, while all the other groups decreased. During the" decade, however, all groups increased with the exception of planters and seeders. "All ott^|HjQ^ ucts," which amounted to $991,220 in 1914/My^ef ' engines, valued at $116,867, and repair work, amount- ing to $88,111. Shipbuilding, including boat building. — This classi- fication includes the building as well as the repair- ing of steel and wooden steam, sail, and unrigged vessels, yachts, motor boats, rowboats, and canoes, and the manufacture of masts, spars, oars, and rig- ging. The number and gross tonnage of the different classes of vessels launched in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table : Table 68 1914 1909 1904 PRODtrCT. Niun- ber. Gross toimage. Num- ber. Gross tonnage. Num- ■ ber. Gross toimage. Vessels of 5 gross tons and over launched during the year 220 49,911 309 60,152 361 104,495 Steel 9 8 1 1,722 1,687 35 16 7 2 7,332 3,963 100 24 16 14,068 8,573 Steam Motor Sail 7 1 337 36 64 27 210 4,695 800 7 293 23 89 2 179 3,269 52,820 3,565 1,849 19 47,387 Wooden 211 11 59 5 136 48,189 1,369 923 38 45,859 90,427 5,759 706 Steam Motor' Sail , 451 83,511 Power boats of less than 5 gross tons 377 790 453 1 Includes for 1914 and 1909 sailboats with auxiliary power. The total gross tonnage of the vessels of 5 gross tons or over launched in 1904 was greater than in 1909 or in 1914. The average gross tonnage per vessel, how- ever, in 1914 was greater than in 1909 but less than in 1904. The total number of all vessels launched decreased during each five-year period. The number of steel steam vessels and wooden sail vessels, how- ever, increased from 1909 to 1914. The number of power boats of less than 5 gross tons which increased 337, or 74.4 per cent, from 1904 to 1909, decreased 413, or 52.3 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. Of the 377 boats of this class launched in 1914, 3 were equipped with steam as motive power, 368 with gasoline, 1 with electricity, and 5 with other kinds of power. The value of the work done upon vessels and boats of all kinds during 1914, 1909, and 1904 is shown in the following table: Table 69 1914 1909 1904 $14,195,298 $11,417,189 $11,265,303 Work done during the year on new vessels and boats 3,236,986 2,663,316 683,670 383,657 300,113 10,081,332 876,980 3,977,934 3,294,121 683,813 424,270 259,643 6,931,117 608,138 4,181,772 3,607)085 574,687 378,635 196 052 Vessels of 6 gross tons and over. . . Boats of less than 6 gross tons Power boats, all kinds Sailboats, rowboats, scows, etc Repair work 6,726,959 356,572 All other The statistics presented in the two preceding tables l!^i^f^^d}f^ ^^^ *^® United States navy yard m-'BrooKlyn, whicn launched two steel unrigged ves- 1030 MANUFACTURES. gels having a total displacement of 840 tons, and did work upon two war vessels of 58,400 tons displace- ment, 8 power boats and 40 other small crafty the whole, including various repair work and work done at Tompldnsville, aggregating $8,093,778. Gloves and mittens, leather. — ^More than half of the leather gloves, mittens, and gauntlets manufactured in the United States in 1914 were made in New York, the center of the glove industry being Gloversville and Johnstown in Fulton County. Glove and mitten fac- tories located in this county reported 80.5 per cent of the number and 88.1 per cent of the value of such products manufactured in the state during 1914. The following table shows the number of pairs and the value of the different kinds of leather gloves, mittens, and gauntlets reported by the New York factories in 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 70 1914 1909 1904 $12,845,284 $14,336,365 $9,946,443 Gloves, mittens, and gauntlets: 1,578,840 $12,493,261 1,036,520 $8,291,351 732,447 $6,082,764 304,073 $2,208,587 408,395 $3,728,389 309,021 $2,968,622 99,374 $759,767 133,925 $473,521 23,119 $84,105 110,806 $389,416 $352,023 1,850,438 $14,122,640 1,279,560 $9,568,409 814,743 $6,699,858 464,817 $2,868,551 430,452 $4,032,041 287,941 $3,092,977 142,511 $939,064 140,426 $522, 190 39,076 $148,437 101,350 $373,753 $213,725 1,881,194 $9,794,075 1,563,366 Value Men's— Value $7,810,971 889, 252 1 TJnlined— Dozen pairs. . Value $4,348,452 674, 114 Lined- Value $3,462,519 317,828 $1,983,104 145,545 $1,156,212 172,283 Women's and children's— Value Unllned— Dozen pairs. Lined- Value. $826,892 Boys'- Dozen pairs. Value G) Unlined— (') Value. (1) Lined- Dozen pairs. (1) Value « $152,368 ' Not reported separately. There has been a decided decrease since 1909 in both the quantity and value of gloves, mittens, and gauntlets, this decrease being reflected in each of the three main groups presented separately in the above table. Table 71 gives, for 1914, a more detailed classifica- tion, showing for each class presented separately in Table 70 the total value of the output and the number of pairs made from the different kinds of leather. Lambskins and sheepskins were used as material for nearly three-fourths of the leather gloves, mittens, and gauntlets manufactured in 1914. In 1909, 3.6 per cent were of kid, but there was a decline in the use of this material, only nine-tenths of 1 per cent being reported at the census of 1914. Of the dress glotes, 76 per cent were sheepskin, 1.3 per cent "real" kid, 19.6 per cent mocha, and 3.1 per cent other kinds of leather, per cent were made from sheepskin, 14.3 per cent from horse or cattle hide and calfskin, 7.8 per cent from deer or elk skin, and 12 per cent from other kinds of leather. Table 71 Dress gloves, street gloves, mittens, and gauntlets: Dozen pairs 1,031,016 Value $9,928,409 Domestic lamb or sheep skin, dozen pairs 272,557 Imported lamb or sheep skin, dozen 510,920 201,639 Mocha, dozen pairs. . Goat or "real'' kid. dozen pairs 13,88C All other, dozen pairs - 32,020 Working gloves, mit- tens, and gauntlets: ' Dozen pairs 547,824 Value. $2,564,852 Sheepskin, dozen 361,090 Horsehide, cattle hide, or calfskin. dozen pairs 78,355 Deer or elk skin, dozen pairs 42,670 All other, dozen pairs . 65,709 LEATHEB GLOVES, MITTENS, AND GAUNTLETS: 19U. Total. Men's. Unlined. 456,445 $4,688,: 76,438 ■249,951 100, 799 5,611 264,424 $1,352,870 155,383 45,935 35,383 27,723 Lined. 166,176 $1,511,792 114,932 33, 162 16,458 387 1,237 248,703 $1,086,211 174,100 32,420 7,287 34,896 Part leather and part fabric. 34,697 $126,771 31,607 '3,090 Women's and children's. ■ Unlined. 309,021 $2,968,622 27,848 99,374 $759,767 200,062 67,650 6,542 7,019 Lined. 53,339 27,745 16,832 1,340 118 1 Men's and boys'. a Included in "all other." CaJrriages and wagons and materials. — The number and value of the different kinds of horse-diawn vehi- cles manufactured during the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904 are shown in the following table: Table 72 1914 1909 1904 $8,759,119 $13,292,531 $14,643,510 Carriages (pleasure): Number 15,220 $1,232,564 19,656 $1,963,171 42 $11,094 6,801 $216,220 $5,336,070 25,474 $2,344,487 21,937 $2,932,813 219 $187,936 10,823 $349,643 $7,477,652 42,249 $4,550,893 Wagons (business, farm, etc.): 19,879 Value $2,448,670 Public conveyances: Number 742 $518,469 Sleighs and sleds: 19,433 Value .. $592,768 All other products, including parts and amount received for repair work $6,632,710 The extraordinary development of the automobile industry during the last five years has reacted upon the manufacture of horse-drawn vehicles and resulted in a material decrease, especially in the output of pleasure vehicles. The value of all conveyances in 1914 was $8,759,119, a decrease of 84.1 per cent since 1909. The value of carriages and wagons combined formed 36.5 per cent of the total value of products reported for the industry in 1914. The output of pleasure carriages decreased 10,256, or 40.3 per cent, in number, and $1,111,923, or 47.4 perjcent, in value. Of the woridng gloves, ^^^Wi>^ roast- ing and grmding. Coffins, burial cases and undertaker's goods, Confectionery. . Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specined. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cordage and twine and Jute and linen goods. Cordials and flavoring sirups. Cork, cutting. Corsets. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Dairymen's, poultry- men's and apiarists' supplies. Dental goods.. Drug grinding. Dyeing and finishing textues. Dyestuffs and extracts . . Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Electroplating Emery and other abra- sive wheels. Engraving and diesink- ing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1009 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,627 2,402 3,835 3,083 2,216 136 90 83 31 34 349 249 199 356 364 343 1791 686 495 17 16 20 40 38 20 30 32 19 60 47 35 2 51 47 150 161 161 33 31 31 40 15 21 215 217 176 129 130 106 11 10 191 83 122 81,370 91,363 64,652 108,393 98,104 74,300 1,690 1,519 1,642 1,071 1,235 1,323 10,768 8,570 7,168 2,326 2,611 3,229 16,040 14,689 13,142 5,505 5,952 6,742 433 294 179 1,014 835 496 2,879 2,436 1,124 9,127 10,663 8,800 4,857 4,478 3,506 2,046 802 915 866 266 767 336 79 5,514 5,252 647 418 519 23,738 18,972 16,301 600 652 717 719 433 362 16,021 13, 821 7,826 16,623 12,379 6,667 5,207 4,064 4,398 2,031 1,813 1,729 13,201 7,966 5,031 3,959 4,278 5,186 14,868 13,108 6,799 15,645 15,056 16,060 437 453 413 863 692 173 523 214 38,922 33,354 25,812 9,028 6,571 6,642 4,451 1,214 1,115 1,088 221 944 927 447 13,497 8,750 7,128 3,576 3,647 2,353 71,453 53,813 33,059 842 697 488 960 148 314 194 338 S41,666 48,073 29,723 64, 128 54,841 35,756 947 726 831 638 665 691 4,426 3,079 2,495 1,385 1,222 1,520 9,801 8,384 6,724 2,384 2,164 2,417 211 151 67 409 313 135 1,215 1,008 378 4,240 4,166 3,071 2, 2,434 1,784 1,279 449 429 564 147 450 154 143 43 2,925 2,321 1,578 450 260 317 16,187 12,479 9,287 400 421 385 328 242 349 $117,131 135,327 94,861 183,680 148, 142 91,705 25,561 12,654 22,711 2,149 2,071 1,885 20,066 15,644 10,563 4,791 4,930 4,814 24,373 21,035 13,609 10,451 10,608 1,916 1,490 684 1,385 1,170 350 2,919 2,484 617 11,653 11,726 8,645 2,606 1,853 1,255 3,297 1,285 1,272 5,200 4,577 2,721 799 447 232 10,452 4,139 1,339 3,885 2,867 1,652 38,025 27,483 17,846 196 242 364 1,388 1,1 — 20 163 84 115 $238,627 266, 075 187,409 345,316 272, 518 173,548 31,675 17,430 26,995 3,714 3,785 3,677 34,070 25,540 18,237 7,350 7,626 7,499 44,822 38,452 27,314 14,965 12,215 15,866 2,871 2,513 1,105 2,258 1,817 670 6,394 5,161 1,675 18,465 20,352 13,434 7,505 6,218 4,579 6,760 4,213 2,510 7,143 5,114 3,649 387 16,303 9,673 4,362 6,226 4,505 .^2,706 73,945 49,290 35,348 1,008 1,116 1,185 3,189 2,561 74 683 836 Fancy articles, not else- where specified. Fertilizers. Firearms and ammuni- tion. Fire extinguishers, chemical. Flags^ banners, regalia, society badges, and emblems. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refriger- ators. Furs, dressed. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflec- tors. Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. Gloves and mittens, leather. Glue, not elsewhere specifled. Gpld and silver, leaf and foil. Gold and silver^ reduc- ing and refining, not from the ore. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. 1914 1909 1904 8 278 182 145 3,576 3,430 2,855 1,967 2,785 1,048 $1,701 1,644 1,176 $4,566 3,321 2,080 1914 1909 1904 9 15 13 466 908 596 2,055 2,799 1,537 252 542 254 1,669 2,655 1,334 1914 1909 1904 10 8 *7 2,357 1,781 1,425 3,258 2,312 1,665 1,696 1,162 804 1,195 508 329 1914 1909 1904 9 9 12 162 58 41 120 51 42 140 37 22 405 103 61 1914 1909 1904 66 64 54 744 813 427 194 266 97 367 354 152 892 892 480 1914 1909 1904 119 107 103 311 256 393 223 122 167 148 128 166 1,422 908 867 1914 1909 1904 891 983 825 3,070 2,990 3,063 72,269 79,098 68,021 1,997 1,669 1,653 67,423 60,470 47,372 1914 1909 1904 287 177 156 4,031 3,023 2,619 9,204 6,061 4,153 2,132 1,332 881 20,461 9,660 6,664 1914 1909 1904 »3,093 1,872 1,633 66,690 64,066 60,550 121,554 102,437 73,695 47,032 40,602 35,309 68,562 61,621 49,430 1914 1909 1904 877 863 603 5,904 8,244 5,804 1,345 1,102 1,105 4,343 5,704 3,480 16,822 24, 140 15,239 1914 1909 1904 5 346 375 272 17,495 18,186 16,626 4,756 3,284 2,789 8,091 7,756 5,752 22,890 21,576 14,669 1914 1909 1904 758 676 537 22,153 20,281 16,760 32,902 28,260 21,127 13,711 11,669 8,780 22,089 19,156 12,367 1914 1909 1904 52 52 49 974 755 738 1,234 1,172 651 596 517 617 604 272 383 1914 1909 1904 183 183 142 4,501 6,017 4,075 3,490 3,831 2,439 2,833 3,456 2,157 5,138 5,412 3,615 1914 1909 1904 131 141 100 10,090 6,422 7,029 44,637 30,089 15,997 5,927 4,364 4,636 21,560 15,018 10,940 1914 1909 1904 22 24 28 3,089 3,114 3,153 2,415 1774 1,604 2,158 1,806 1,825 1,685 1,159 1,412 1914 1909 1904 182 156 136 2,148 3,118 2,912 1,259 957 863 1,325 1,841 1,638 1,648 1,669 1,318 1914 1909 1904 216 225 194 6,026 6)287 5,613 1,098 1,003 770 2,697 2,841 2,131 7,080 8,023 5,696 1914 1909 1904 9 11 8 381 501 402 2,082 2,915 990 249 242 206 1,942 1,386 960 1914 1909 1904 38 41 47 245 437 536 77 81 81 125 235 267 440 512 582 1914 1909 1904 13 10 5 39 42 34 160 97 81 36 34 27 2,164 2,396 3,689 1914 1909 1904 41 43 46 1,027 803 794 4,076 2,357 2,548 812 462 469 3,821 2,110 2,760 $9,046 7,862 5,085 2,477 4,251 2,082 3,200 2,374 1,727 94S 269 176 2,037 1,864 964 2,352 1,764 1,928 77,409 69,802 54,546 32,166 17,324 11,408 173,430 154,370 127,915 30,-312 41,301 20,244 45,386 42, 197 29,337 49,849 41,929 29,326 1,945 1,240 1,400 11,247 13,010 8,961 52,816 42,347 35,315 5,157 4,509 4,280 4,362 4,847 4,253 12,845 14,336 9,946 2,483 2,995 1,532 704 919 1,100 2,760 2 603 3)776 5,518 3,542 4,158 ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified," and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." 2 Includes "cotton lace." « Includes "combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber,"and'"ivory, shell, and bone work, not including combs and hairpins." * Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "bells;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery" "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe;" "plumbers' suppUes, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps, steam and other power;" "steam fittings', and steam and hot- water heating apparatus' " and"struoturalironwork,notmade in steel works or rolling mills." "'' ' ' Includes "collars and culls, men's' ' and "suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1034 MANUFACTURES. Table 77.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lisb- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDCSTEY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value 01 prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Hair work. Hand stamps and sten- cils and brands . Hat and cap materials. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt :. Hats, straw. Hosiery and knit goods. House-fumishing goods', not elsewhere speci- fied. Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Ink, writing Instruments, profes- sional and scientific. Iron and steel, blast fur- naces. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, doors and shutters. Iron and steel forgings. : Jewelry. Jewelry and instrument cases. Labels and tags. . Lapidary work. Lasts. Lead, bar, sheet. pipe, and Leather goods. 1914 1909 1904 90 132 43 635 2,313 385 52 1296 1,061 165 SI, 033 4,600 466 $2,023 7,861 1,012 1914 1909 1904 6S 63 65 326 369 330 168 113 78 218 218 167 252 211 124 830 717 554 1914 1909 1904 57 32 31 913 965 1,192 986 713 544 451 424 430 2,652 2,775 2,325 3,715 3,835 3,382 1914 1909 •1904 293 244 209 4,187 3,348 3,522 720 413 279 2,643 2,004 1,859 5,423 3,875 3,303 10,946 7,826 6,886 1914 1909 1904 39 44 43 3,563 5,013 4,397 2,388 1,451 3,487 1,864 2,725 2,309 3,491 5,406 3,478 6,637 ■10,219 7,740 1914 1909 1904 76 46 21 3,158 2,508 1,342 1,111 835 629 1,857 1,473 614 5,890 3,993 1,369 10, 182 7,617 2,625 1914 1909 1904 483 360 271 40,095 35,950 29,365 41,127 35,882 25,310 17,814 14,839 10,160 43,860 38,677 28,210 78,229 67,130 46,320 1914 1909 1904 143 99 73 2,753 1,812 1,853 2,617 2,983 1,927 1,344 786 747 8,058 5,690 4,496 10,908 7,789 6,375 1914 1909 1904 111 89 58 1,407 1,124 603 37,746 21,375 15,958 1,176 835 424 1,667 1,044 577 , 4,897 3,808 1,749 1914 1909 1904 26 29 26 489 625 283 3,003 2,301 1,068 404 370 184 2,645 1,878 1,103 6,170 4,059 2,320 1914 1909 1904 13 9 9 164 147 128 174 58 56 89 62 53 366 284 215 892 745 567 1914 1909 1904 88 87 75 2,243 1,964 1,222 1,681 1,899 660 1,457 1,146 630 1,640 975 493 5,368 3,308 2,042 1914 1909 1904 8 9 9 1,832 2,298 1,559 97,749 95,416 39,080 1,325 1,758 1,161 16,287 20,917 6,374 18,486 26,621 8,635 1914 1909 1904 24 25 20 10,788 10,091 7,526 149,462 136,456 69,430 7,664 6,323 4,393 18,217 25,889 13,260 32,078 39,532 21,227 1914 1909 1904 15 11 11 906 847 221 1,302 929 177 636 438 153 675 500 243 1,857 1,352 597 1914 1909 1904 24 22 18 1,464 1,006 804 6,253 4,169 2,297 1,087 «73 492 1,280 1,018 555 3,571 2,561 1,608 1914 1909 1904 566 479 294 5,051 5,379 4,075 2,146 1,596 978 3,872 3,820 2,606 11,102 10,433 6,121 21,810 20,363 12,357 1914 1909 1904 74 67 58 1,215 1,172 1,140 624 214 172 568 519 413 689 678 553 1,934 1,781 1,432 1914 1909 1904 35 25 24 649 593 384 501 237 165 398 311 199 801 530 212 1,967 1,392 747 1914 1909 1904 45 43 27 499 441 452 592 600 550, 7m: 610 3,502 ~ 6,319 6,097 4,704 8,660 7,380 1914 1909 1904 15 14 15 403 360 265 1,302 610 484 302 243 143 288 253 89 980 787 393 1914 1909 1904 6 9 9 174 185 156 593 1,247 749 131 120 98 1,031 1,721 2,869 1,301 2,069 . 3,285 1914 1909 1904 1605 483 408 7,473 7,588 7,648 2,310 1,836 1,496 4,200 4,089 3,295 12,008 11,632 9,369 21,797 20,997 17,224 Leather, tanned, cur- ried and finished. Lime. Liquors, malt.. Liquors, vinous.. Looking-glass and pic- ture frames. Lubricating greases. . Lumber and timber products. Malt.. 85,673 77,720 61,958 1,695 1,817 2,249 2,m 3,555 2,773 803 565 319 59,748 72,530 61,677 12,381 11,051 7,037 13,324 17,921 16,279 6,497 5,899 4,583 72,329 62,106 32,844 9,039 7,441 6,671 1,075 738 1,081 3,167 3,262 2,892 - 3,073 2,461 1,281 1,650 1,165 759 1,874 1,334 461 636 570 888 33,072 33,680 23,390 16,687 15,392 9,m 2,665 2,983 2,720 5,693 3,996 1,870 31,884 28,559 25,121 1 Includes ''pooketbooks;" " saddlery and harness;" and « trunks and valises." ' . weather strips ■> ^^^' ^"'^*" packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected witli sawmills;" and "window and door screens and Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods. Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground. Mirrors, framed and un- framed. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. MucUage and paste. Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Oil, linseed Oil, not elsewhere speci- fied. Optical goods. Paint and varnish. 1914 1909 1904 98 5,360 5,688 6,444 20,039 14,266 13,231 $2,955 2,912 2,486 $27,912 20,941 16,275 1914 1909 1904 23 33 28 310 465 503 720 781 676 149 236 232 189 176 216 1914 1909 1904 153 184 209 9,826 8,731 7,977 65,362 49,729 44,078 8,742 7,294 6,364 24,496 18,883 15,845 1914 1909 1904 42 41 59 250 271 390 433 712 668 127 128 176 778 781 927 1914 1909 1904 157 140 125 1,162 1,491 1,510 714 866 999 682 886 809 1,143 1,463 946 1914 1909 1904 17 11 6 74 70 46 262 227 84 41 36 18 518 359 112 1914 1909 1904 2 1,776 2,263 1,599 21,503 27,471 26,013 115,003 131,462 101,614 12,832 15,101 13,221 32,930 41,705 32,461 1914 1909 1904 25 32 43 533 524 540 7,403 5,659 4,235 603 401 370 10,386 8,872 5,372 1914 1909 1904 561 666 3 324 4,798 6,939 7,169 15,403 18,110 10,748 4,141 5,636 6,099 6,029 7,078 ^ 5,742 1914 1909 1904 196 168 136 1,996 1,621 1,408 1,825 1,581 1,276 1,192 922 733 3.851 3,461 2,810 1914 1909 1904 1,308 931 567 26,124 21,078 16,258 6,758 3,511 - 2,042 12,890 9,626 ,8,268 37,255 27,135 16,893 1914 1909 1904 612 594 490 2,597 2,462 2,356 3,037 2,820 2,295 1,609 1,453 1,263 3,920 2,852 1,708 1914 1909 1904 23 18 15 411 260 389 6,259 5,815 3,368 259 110 175 437 248 337 1914 1909 1904 55 47 40 1,012 983 887 1,189 1,145 717 634 630 472 1,840 1,999 1,882 1914 1909 1904 140 136 98 1,193 1,082 661 1,152 910 681 753 736 395 924 620 322 1914 1909 1904 16 20 32 663 658 410 991 406 612 454 345 206 840 622 347 1914 1909 1904 26 21 17 300 197 106 759 648 402 160 112 56 1,044 747 251 1914 1909 1904 61 52 56 227 272 468 192 176 430 138 154 251 185 211 303 1914 1909 1904 160 184 160 12,602 11,938 9,614 11,527 10,905 6,5m 7,976 7,752 5,925 15,756 17,495 10,960 1914 1909 1904 6 6 6 538 566 514 5,147 4,846 3,888 378 338 273 14,121 12,628 8,168 1914 1909 1904 37 31 37 180 137 193 693 338 509 106 105 • 139 1,942 1,851 i;996 1914 1909 1904 70 61 33 2,988 2,047 1,428 2,880 1,896 1,266 1,824 1,328 684 1,712 1,225 878 1914 1909 1904 150 147 128 3,450 3,047 8,250 14,648 10,857 10,559 2,282 1,863 1,823 18,592 17,895 16,870 $36,018 27,842 21,843 603 ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. Table 77.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1035 Cen- sus year. Num- ber ot estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Paper and wood pulp... 1914 150 13,570 12,073 392, 268 $8, 577 $35,930 $56,336 48,860 Soap 1914 65 3,168 8,744 5,873 $1,785 $19,869 $27,626 1909 178 337,548 6,744 31,767 1909 67 2,978 1,436 15,612 23,583 1904 177 12,418 390,730 6,402 22,806 37,751 1904 67 2,402 4,270 1,043 8,411 13,402 Paper goods, not else- 1914 1113 4,639 7,819 2,316 8,453 15,330 Soda-water apparatus. . 1914 24 118 131 78 255 512 where specified. 1909 107 4,303 6,267 1,765 6,786 12,111 1909 26 90 125 62 217 467 1904 2 79 3,467 3,925 1,236 4,203 7,582 - 1904 16 213 231 133 282 780 Pancr nattems 1914 13 856 157 466 446 1 997 Sporting and athletic goods. 1914 45 ^ 881 644 470 527 259 972 633 1,921 1,270 ± Cli^vL ^V/W\J^'^^*J m ■■•■*•-« 1909 16 761 669 328 523 2,166 1909 48 515 1904 20 1,071 38 441 332 2,242 1904 56 802 590 347 675 1,324 Patent medicines and 1914 8 806 5,699 5,549 2,977 16,912 41,796 Springs, steel, car and 1914 14 375 692 251 380 962 compounds and drug- 1909 743 4,728 5,423 2,226 18,689 37,343 carriage, not made in 1909 7 195 1,071 123 164 410 gists' prepararions. 1904 611 4,334 3,418 1,847 8,816 28,646 steel works or rolling mills. Stationery goods, not 1904 10 351 1,381 181 262 597 Paving materials 1914 54 2,414 17,660 1,324 1,436 3,985 1914 61 1,712 693 798 2,617 4,690 1909 8 259 1,332 176 645 1,162 elsewhere specified. 1909 55 1,243 1,307 638 1,610 3,344 1904 6 373 1,081 182 667 1,068 1904 39 1,013 554 421 1,078 2,531 Pens, fountain, stylo- graphic, and gold. 1914 1909 31 30 740 730 302 192 490 427 1,024 1,563 5,169 3,219 Statuary and art goods. 1914 1909 63 58 734 417 291 84 616 40O 364 223 1,552 990 1904 24 614 156 362 876 1,945 1904 47 458 151 351 147 927 Photo-engraving 19H 1909 1904 89 66 48 1,710 1,395 967 630 470 358 1,810 1,351 839 912 556 413 4,266 2,908 1,988 Steam packing 1914 1909 1904 33 36 23 662 901 660 2,182 1,804 1,097 426 464 306 1,591 1,971 923 2,812 3,783 2,349 Photographic apparatus and materials. 1914 1909 1904 59 42 44 7,426 4,088 2,614 14,636 6,782 3,556 4,762 2.436 1,216 9,804 4,967 2,742 35, 174 18,764 9,523 Stereotyping and elec- trotyping. 1914 1909 1904 51 47 41 1,097 905 828 1,813 1,414 1,033 1,088 862 662 801 628 368 2,781 2,228 1,603 Pipes, tobacco 1914 1909 1904 20 30 32 1,492 1,663 1,207 698 803 571 776 767 560 1,597 1,432 924 2,689 3,212 1,881 Stoves and furnaces,in- cluding gas and oil stoves. 1914 1909 1904 47 58 48 3,051 4,247 2,788 4,366 6,273 2,629 2,146 2,746 1,790 2,253 3,542 1,939 6,803 8,974 5,527 Prmting and publish- ing. 1914 1909 1904 14,806 4,426 3,718 64,020 63,120 63,436 66,802 53,973 29,652 49,008 43,559 34,071 68,915 56,494 39,482 257, 269 216,946 164,834 Surgical appliances and artificial limbs. 1914 1909 1904 93 72 62 630 464 617 346 240 210 309 276 331 756 507 318 1,959 1,490 1,210 Pumps, not including power pumps. 1914 1909 1904 19 22 20 315 408 252 603 719 419 184 228 123 349 296 139 698 817 371 Tobacco manufactures. . 1914 1909 1904 2,871 3,371 3,543 30,489 30,019 33,946 3,988 2,657 1,713 14,132 13,866 14,547 37,971 31,341 26,240 88,080 76,662 65,697 Roofing materials 1914 1909 21 7 348 183 650 823 246 101 1,090 837 1,852 1,429 Toys and games 1914 97 1,883 998 820 1,726 3,713 1904 19 361 416 207 895 1,393 1909 1904 67 41 1,197 826 451 1,093 457 324 847 808 1,849 1,644 Rubber goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 45 53 55 3,633 2,066 2,692 11,915 6,898 4,399 1,887 1,058 1,113 4,686 5,669 5,000 10,228 8,784 8,266 Type founding and printing materials. 1914 1909 1904 27 27 25 190 202 220 281 231 196 164 140 141 302 384 158 757 823 590 Salt 1914 1909 28 33 1,510 1,525 6,540 9,923 816 765 1,365 1,195 3,554 2,897 Typewriters and sup- 1914 61 4,446 4,491 2,903 2,469 12,252 1904 34 1,373 4,923 586 1,186 3,167 plies. 1909 1904 43 31 4,538 2,861 2,757 1,931 3,020 1,709 1,881 862 10,298 5,352 Saws 1914 1909 16 15 228 379 947 1,058 148 209 283 455 691 ■974 Umbrellas and canes. . . . 1914 146 1,567 365 841 3,673 5,961 1904 18 619 1,131 232 379 979 1909 1904 142 99 1,919 1,499 507 239 907 617 4,131 2,857 6,427 4,711 Scales and balances 1914 13 516 627 309 339 1,000 1909 16 453 585 284 420 1,180 Upholstering materials. 1914 27 661 2,211 296 1,341 1,965 1904 16 525 685 292 264 864 not elsewhere speci- 1909 38 673 2,430 293 1,018 1,915 fied. 1904 34 663 1,151 307 894 1,659 Shipbuilding, including 1914 207 6,076 17,664 4,971 5,173 14,195 -CT Til* "Li .. -J J ■ boat buildmg. 1909 255 5,644 13,835 3,780 3,926 11,417 Vault lights and venti- 1914 14 245 124 158 290 643 1904 210 6,428 10,988 4,387 3,989 11,266 lators. 1909 1904 14 11 141 135 49 74 110 99 109 102 328 333 Show cases 1914 1909 21 21 339 415 427 516 197 232 328 406 759 900 Vinegar and cider 1914 189 362 5,092 206 1,040 1,789 19P4 19 310 367 178 234 596 1909 1904 277 154 529 434 5,719 3,302 234 213 1,480 997 2,246 1,911 Signs and advertising 1914 272 2,392 1,505 1,479 2,015 5,662 novelties. 1909 67 811 389 497 660 1,772 Wall paper, not made 1914 11 1,513 1,763 844 2,182 4,577 1904 in paper mills. 1909 1904 13 14 1,602 1,799 1,596 2,159 806 835 2,474 2,796 5,277 5,596 Silk goods, including 1914 1909 1904 143 170 123 11,659 12,903 11,283 14,707 11,110 7,260 4,967 6,385 4,268 16,736 13,949 10,490 29,261 26,519 20,181 Wall plaster 1914 1909 1904 29 31 35 1,628 1,337 1,376 9,502 7,356 5,803 993 775 719 3,177 2,425 2,094 5,247 4,494 3,735 throwsters. Silverware and plated 1914 59 2,989 4,027 1,825 2,736 6,876 Window shades and 1914 106 1,006 1,767 529 3,579 5,009 ware. 1909 53 3,066 2,819 1,899 3,589 7,859 fixtures. 1909 75 911 1,555 435 3,946 6,476 1904 42 3,304 2,817 1,789 3,059 6,580 1904 35 811 1,139 276 1,994 2,883 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 6 337 238 151 6,641 6,110 3,761 17,753 13,936 7,271 4,914 4,387 2,592 130,218 110,168 66,778 148,106 127,130 75,650 Wire 1914 1909 1904 6 7 6 1,384 1,439 1,179 ~4,474 6,455 4,576 788 768 637 3,687 7,824 8,006 5,779 10,065 9,401 Wirework, including 1914 100 1,400 1,710 698 1,668 3,394 Smelting and refining, 1914 17 316 746 213 8,983 10,264 wire rope and cable. 1909 106 1,649 2,402 843 3,785 5,876 not from the ore. 1909 15 284 1,595 191 8,267 9,018 not elsewhere speci- 1904 143 1,985 1,068 961 1,429 3,683 1904 11 176 1,280 101 4,716 5,180 fied. 1 Includes "cardboard, not made in paper-mills" and "envelopes." ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ■ Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." * Includes "bookbindmg and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." ' Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1036 MANUFACTURES. Table 77.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTRY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Wood carpet. Wood distillation, not including turpentine and rosin. Wood preserving Wood, turned and carved. 1914 1909 1904 •6 6 12 166 95 218 131 138 182 S166 76 158 $308 161 187 $557 311 450 1914 1909 1904 19 29 32 438 693 489 1,067 599 706 225 262 218 1,934 5,519 2,480 2,790 3,402 3,367 1914 1909 1904 6 4 4 82 46 64 305 420 431 61 27 39 501 214 252 745 330 392 1914 1909 1904 139 159 157 706 1,279 805 2,548 3,223 2,448 392 729 443 476 919 439 1,305 2,422 1,299 Wool shoddy. Woolen, worsted, and lelt goods, and wool hats. All other industries. , 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 11 14 11 51 64 67 717 624 749 283 223 195 8,552 9,460 8,942 28,971 25,175 32, 914 1,8 1,9 1,0 22,923 22,374 21,738 94,466 68,962 64,942 $146 106 80 4,176 4,146 3,520 18,421 13,906 17,366 $768 624 497 12,904 14,744 10,715 245,286 214,426 206,082 300,035 266,248 264,013 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. ALBANY- All indus- tries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 476 395 490 9,371 9,861 8,976 16,420 15,629 $5,635 5,234 4,269 $11,400 10,521 9,377 $25,211 22,826 20,209 BTIFFALO-Contd. Awnings, tents, and sails Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, in- cluding cut stock. Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding. V Confectionery 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6 6 7 16 11 *5 16 14 6 12 14 11 9 26 18 9 233 189 144 6 '5 67 65 8 4 41 48 40 14 7 7 57 60 91 18 14 11 18 8 9 29 26 20 15 13 18 '133 67 40 10 9 10 11 10 9 51 63 45 237 136 36 639 663 428 1,168 1,638 805 688 347 89 1,534 1,355 1,317 614 163 254 26 42 9 329 429 625 3,418 3,190 2,734 ■ 1,872 1,430 1,777 497 556 366 48 25 26 419 505 579 218 172 200 1,772 1,552 1,479 19 22 ^-28 749 476 425 52 60 $35 23 25 111 67 /» 313 267 144 412 389 151 479 211 48 928 726 619 274 88 128 14 17 6 216 247 259 2,395 1,938 1,512 792 601 633 201 182 114 36 11 11 145 160 160 138 94 93 1,105 853 596 8 10 9 562 324 210 $114 74 51 710 411 84 957 835 404 762 310 2,430 1,141 231 3,541 3,335 2,530 178 25 46 63 142 9 296 667 591 2,834 2,277 1,901 1,925 1,797 2,311 346 565 269 687 209 175 614 739 620 378 428 264 2,019 2,272 1,309 64 32 42 25,037 17,470 8,602 $182 106 1,637 964 Bread and other bakery products. 67 69 78 8 4 11 28 13 20 9 6 5 129 18 23 3 3 3 7 8 10 9 8 7 8 11 16 »76 64 66 »8 7 <8 52 52 74 172 132 179 245 266 241 2,226 1,753 1,638 355 289 320 73 48 90 1,347 991 1,114 55 116 98 659 636 929 27 21 21 312 308 281 39 33 70 38 43 49 1,465 1,635 1,337 21 20 38 385 245 498 4,595 5,478 4,131 7,248 6,823 5,636 64,416 51,412 43,567 215 143 230 169 153 60 37 51 507 331 327 21 35 38 474 396 508 22 14 11 329 292 226 32 23 41 27 24 28 1,000 957 768 17 13 19 173 124 247 2,743 2,8W 1,852 $3,653 3,084 2,425 $34,818 28,727 21,622 810 735 588 33 32 46 258 233 491 74 140 121 738 569 734 63 27 17 742 653 567 42 32 42 35 25 36 1,065 1,274 629 ' 282 211 124 306 280 396 6,962 6,320 5,687 $10,384 8,726 6,421 $157,996 136,538 88,367 1,439 1,210 968 12,5 92 154 977 668 1,031 135 246 232 1,561 1,364 1,774 106 63 36 3,181 3,066 2,449 119 86 150 104 82 121 3,389 3,249 2,361 368 266 176 772 677 1,074 12,945 11,777 9,703 $18,360 17,114 13,907 $247,516 218,804 147,378 247 209 76 63 136 Carriages, wagons, and repaurs. 426 370 1,499 1,366 707 247 266 Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1,206 449 1,586 1,068 562 65 140 3,335 2,417 3,399 1,791 349 670 809 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1,678 1,191 6,514 6,544 4,452 553 166 4 3 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. 570 265 2,363 2,328 243 Liquors, malt 10 100 107 204 110 68 22 Marble and stonework . . 675 561 709 1,196 25 48 1,164 Mineral and soda waters 2,888 2,768 6,507 4,524 1,238 1,324 3,609 Printing and publishing 407 365 3,825 3,699 155 91 4,369 Slaughtering and meat packing. 207 61 749 1,014 142 60 509 Tobacco manufactures.. 118 91 871 283 11,110 10,296 224 All other industries 491 604 965 / Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, ti&i and sheet iron products. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1,18C 8,158 7,741 1,251 BINGHAMTON— All industries. 345 206 559 609 427 BTrFFAlO— All in- 152, ,338 121,791 2,726 1,956 4,407 4,123 2,555 6 2 143 Artificial stone products 14 5 53 30 64 31 31 18 39 11 118 50 77 lOS 8,645 10,987 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 33 23 '6 3,117 3,044 625 3,977 4,661 2,511 2,200 39(^ 6,029 4,696 680 11,470 9,698 1,386 28,065 19,94! 9,80! 1 Includes "automobile repairing;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "struc- tural iron work, not made in steel works or rolling mills. " 2 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" 'iengravtog, steel and copper nl^te, including nlate printing;" and "lithographing." ! S"^ , *^^^ "sausage, not made in slaughtering and n«V|wtog7xW*stoiEiitsn'^;orn Cnfffm < Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid S-f1tfeu'rlMfeS^uSfcKrM6S*V' UOUI L VD/ 6 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of Individual operations. 6 Includes "canmng and preserving, fish" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces.'^ ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified," and "tinware not elsewhere specified." NEW YORK. Table 77.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1037 Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOKE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. I BUFFALO— Contd. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflec- tors. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. Gloves and mittens, leather. House-fumishlng goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Ice, manufactured Instruments, profes- sional and scientific. Iron and steel forgings . Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases. Leather goods Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Liquors, malt.. Lubricating greases. . Lumber and timber products. Malt- Marble and stone work . Mattresses and spring beds. 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 »1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 81904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904- 20 12 10 1258 149 2 118 19 12 7 38 33 26 14 13 i 16 9 13 12 9 5 5 4 •28 22 a 15 4 4 356 251 533 8,714 8,868 7,131 1,972 2,062 1,659 93 101 18 116 83 246 131 76 48 42 87 110 64 49 202 110 106 166 171 166 316 298 306 469 416 467 531 509 434 465 513 968 673 591 32 31 1,228 1,960 1,955 283 288 225 217 364 205 190 162 1,365 20,484 11,690 3,351 2,846 110 177 141 44 2,696 650 151 34 829 732 177 116 131 109 667 460 1, 1,297 5,248 141 37 5,208 6,713 5,219 3,862 585 427 279 137 $211 118 160 6,210 5,144 3,934 60 61 30 1,066 1,037 736 49 58 12 71 30 116 62 36 20 23 30 51 58 32 131 54 34 147 131 191 174 154 182 113 110 262 196 268 246 264 787 536 437 18 17 804 1,106 1,036 276 222 161 157 243 246 112 91 71 S2,569 1, 1,839 10,818 8,811 6,068 218 192 116 1, 2,166 1,206 100 95 40 113 61 211 147 73 50 290 »183 344 385 439 179 131 111 638 521 356 2,960 2,194 1,694 2,603 1,481 1,204 ^ 219 163 2,697 3,325 2,937 6,598 5,657 2,239 336 443 151 371 276 $4,117 2,715 2,172 23,734 20,776 14,557 411 360 217 4,018 4,185 2,643 228 281 70 138 467 283 148 124 157 432 262 93 422 511 168 403 419 238 1,125 979 917 518 393 303 1,336 1,129 3,831 2,809 2,428 7,962 6,497 5,187 306 240 4,397 5,580 4,824 8,074 7,095 3,036 588 943 712 555 432 BUFFALO— Contd. Mineral and^oda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods.. Paper goods, not else- where specified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists ' preparations. Photo-engraving. . Printing and pubhsh- ing. Shipbuilding, includ- ing boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap.. Stereotyping and eleo- trotypmg. Tobacco manufactures. Tools, not elsewhere specified. Wall plaster. Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere speci- fied. All other industries HEW YOKE CITT- AU industries. Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes. Artificial stone products Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, sails. tents, and 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 •1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 "1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 '7 4 «3 SIOI 61 2 44 9 210 164 «161 10 11 «3 10 43 39 33 11 8 10 3 3 3 179 188 2 175 11 11 11 10 6 326 262 270 29,621 25, 933 20,839 312 146 22 24 12 135 56 14 135 82 60 108 100 124 56 67 42 60 16 189 108 114 300 230 249 96 44 2,966 3, — 2, 316 356 7 1,610 1,662 1, 1,466 1, 1,141 55 47 492 616 639 151 231 114 39 32 50 226 209 188 12,318 10, 40 9,821 585,279 553, 923 464,716 7,1 8,449 3,295 199 227 512 2,922 1,979 553 735 603 400 10 409 403 362 163 3,792 1,804 1,720 4,960 3,743 2 21489 129 112 262 359 240 220 240 188 60,268 46, 173 550,962 428,838 400 201 170 222 4,480 1,460 238 276 S66 68 52 48 62 32 44 11 44 39 153 90 78 71 79 45 2,149 1,937 1,577 219 261 6 1,004 963 602 646 436 39 32 19 249 282 87 128 51 24 15 25 115 79 68 7,732 5,! 5,338 367,498 323,414 248,128 3,335 3,435 1,094 159 150 329 2,064 1,585 503 337 222 $123 101 74 36 12 303 149 83 676 361 302 59 28 12 2,987 2,365 1,849 101 166 27,379 21,789 14,220 6,145 5,760 3,257 47 44 22 370 560 324 63 141 37 80 52 109 188 173 121 37,093 39,688 28,255 1,229,156 1,090,783 818,029 8,119 12,237 1,447 242 Ifc 249 5,014 2,636 767 1,171 857 397 267 244 124 123 71 198 44 478 296 176 3, .335 2,801 1,996 228 189 100 9,016 7,679 6,446 536 691 14 29,700 25,416 16,220 8,835 8,663 4,793 131 138 107 951 1,237 250 462 160 164 126 213 454 374 264 56,885 67, 155 44,063 2,292,832 2,027;425 1,526,323 16,1 21,1 9,484 6,194 1,399 2,368 1,672 919 ' Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies;" and other jjowei ;" 'Jsteam fittmgs and steam and hot-water heatingapparatus;" and ^'structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roiling mills.''^ 'pumps, steam ' Excludes statistics for 2 establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. ' * Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills.' ' Excludes statistics ;[or 1 estabUshment, to avoid disclosure of Individual operations. ' Includes "envelopes." » Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ' Includes "bookbin(flng and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" "lithographing;' |ob;" and "printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals." i« Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and rr»sit-pacldng establishments,'', . n./~\ 1' Figures do not agree with those pubBshed in 1909 ^je^^fff^Q^s^Y,°PSTK}P&S<3'W&°^ °'^^'' '" "^"^^ tliem comparable with the figures for 1914. 'printing and publishing, book and 1038 MANUFACTURES. Table 77.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost ol mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts.- Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 500,000 INHABITANTS OR OVER— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SEI/ECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW YORK CITY- Continued. Babbitt metal and solder. Bags, other than paper Bags, paper, not includ- ing bags made in pa^ per mills. Baskets, and rattan and wUlow ware. Belting, leather. . Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper, Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brushes. Buttons. Canning and preserving. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and generals shop construction and re- pairs by electric-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road coi^panies. Chemicals Chocolate and cocoa products. Clocks and watches, in- cluding cases and ma^ terials. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 31904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 34 26 30 24 18 14 60 60 46 205 181 130 22 31 31 220 211 170 148 163 131 2,491 2,378 1,976 15 13 '15 79 207 147 46 6 73 76 195 197 10 13 5 11 3 6 33 33 34 27 20 20 2,232 2 2,523 1,851 205 167 117 1,023 802 697 427 367 195 406 401 467 274 298 270 436 406 412 10,496 8,200 6,104 1,041 1,256 1,442 10,000 7,210 3,865 3,584 2,716 19,870 15,521 12,747 1,106 876 1, 1,075 1,200 2,903 3,172 1,810 1,358 1 r"' i;i28 1,545 2,016 2,537 3,946 3,471 3,339 1,911 1,517 1,166 1,311 1,438 995 621 602 1,348 1,417 1,797 56,853 67,011 44,318 175 115 422 397 263 200 150 129 1,461 892 404 236 4,726 2,559 635 913 5,012 1,-"" 4,016 3,054 12,701 6,642 1,820 1,355 643 592 1,315 1,024 1,603 I,"" 2,258 1,950 6,060 3,207 2,682 1,186 4v 4,716 3,269 2,340 1,067 490 9,599 7,384 $148 132 79 413 277 220 215 158 72 280 212 187 188 146 201 177 174 6,445 4.464 2,969 482 658 630 4,126 2,849 2,545 N 2,406 2,116 1,603 13,084 10,375 7,594 643 491 524 514 556 1,186 1,349 641 148 2 600 466 1,131 1,' 1,636 2,743 2,236 2,055 1,424 926 733 872 981 570 122 786 845 30, 503 37,1 22, 617 $3,723 4,376 3,846 6,038 3,408 2, — 1,191 1,058 397 676 413 374 1,897 2,032 1,612 1,071 996 990 13, 766 9,950 7, 748 916 912 6,929 4,013 3,576 5,112 3,945 2,038 42,650 37,957 26,474 350 293 337 1,273 1,452 1,765 2,352 881 5,454 3,491 3,310 1,145 2 1,569 1,411 3,234 2,544 1,115 1,466 986 684 9,219 6,617 4,227 3,390 2,236 1,142 1,178 1,648 95, 144 112,624 76,463 $4,636 5,320 4,466 7,096 4,094 3,616 1,903 1,682 610 1,161 986 994 2,860 3,670 2,421 2,175 1,998 1,879 26,162 18,378 13,687 1,517 1,843 1,919 15,853 9,450 8,726 10,499 8,755 5,004 80,056 61,904 44,000 1,360 1,291 1,292 2,668 2,859 4,310 6,235 2,206 7,867 5,538 5,365 3,282 2 4, 153 4,642 6,491 5,312 3,444 3,143 2,062 1,474 12,302 12, 946 9,033 5,826 4,673 3,411 3,148 3,036 3,033 192,112 218, 316 149,484 NEW YORK CITY— Continued. Clothing, women's. . . Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grinding. CofHns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery., Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cordage and twine, and jute and linen goods. Cordials and flavoring .sirups. Corsets. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Dental goods. Dyeing and finishing textiles. Dyestufls and extracts.. Electrical machinery, appa ' plies Electroplating apparatus, and sup- ilieE Engraving and diesink- ing. Fancy articles, not else- where specified. Flags, banners, regalia, society badges, and emblems. Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 19tl4 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,723 2,995 2,140 61 57 15 15 10 208 127 110 46 «475 466 343 HO 34 32 16 30 '19 13 15 67 70 78 34 13 18 16 14 6 162 160 133 93 97 77 165 72 112 1245 166 125 54 60 47 61 63 68 181 95 95 9 1,913 923 1810 104,834 2 94,684 70,089 1,677 1,329 1,476 674 529 574 8,932 6,522 5,431 1,350 1,111 1,539 10,140 9,844 8,850 3, 4, 3,591 160 164 80 2,201 2,128 978 452 368 79 726 586 467 843 242 762 2,942 2,770 1,224 406 4,590 6,686 5,146 458 390 312 610 3,269 2,946 2,184 530 364 188 153 270 2,156 1,814 1,342 28,031 24,014 24,880 16,260 11,167 4, 3,476 957 600 10,288 6,264 2,009 1,215 8,077 6,415 10,895 9,485 437 421 660 415 465 377 1,059 184 5,067 2,738 2,512 2,975 4,: 6,954 640 477 285 166 1,424 2,413 172 124 3,842 2,724 37,060 33,453 $62,831 2 63,526 34,551 649 757 387 288 329 3,695 2,373 1,944 787 624 741 6,180 6,786 4,886 1,683 1,601 1,386 40 964 889 336 280 165 29 413 362 649 133 448 1, 1,097 569 297 191 226 2,653 3,336 2,460 310 315 333 207 340 1,544 1,448 964 203 127 84 118 1,082 797 474 21,145 2 16,763 16,245 $180,778 144,845 89,092 24,142 11,448 21,814 1,522 1,213 1,018 16,775 12,396 8,448 2,628 2,221 2,795 14,624 12,067 8,182 6,345 4,271 6,124 756 862 347 2,182 2,172 600 811 674 187 460 5,144 4,04? 2,719 3,936 2,727 401 3,113 2,269 1,108 6,487 6,837 6,506 156 206 316 115 .72 110 4,248 2,890 1,761 851 712 458 904 618 S81 9,327 i, 2,928 28,963 24,058 21,040 $339,843 266,477 168,419 29,861 15,819 25,807 2, .551 2,102 1,970 28,555 20,062 14,045 4,010 3,446 4,061 27,621 23,303 17,389 8,958 7,374 9,670 1,291 1,446 620 5,171 4,610 1,447 1,464 1,051 260 1,811 1,346 7,032 2 4,490 3,643 8,381 6,003 1,707 4,521 3,546 1,878 14,146 14,788 11,008 800 852 60O 802 6,987 4,331 1,944 1,347 1,515 1,204 1,370 13,341 8,046 5s094 77,8898 63,763 67,937 1 Excludes statistics for two estabishments, to avoid disclosures of individual operations. I £'9^^ '^° ""^ ^Sree with those published in 1909 because it was neoessary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the figures for 1914. 3 Not reported separately. * S'"'?'^?^ "canning and preserving, fish;" "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables;" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 6 ILxeludes statistics tor one estaishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. » Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified" and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." ' Includes "cotton lace." 8 Includes "combs and hairpins, not made from mefahprjifi^'^ipl '/fr»»y,iMli/T»WMp«B/nifi'^ot including combs and hairpins." ' s Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, stea.nf-iil^JakM'Mief^ '%fi/miSbflSfef feA« ^iS-4M Nrnder meters;" "hardware;" "plumber's supplies, not elsewhere speched; pumps, steam and other power;" "steam flttngs and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roUine mills.' NEW YORK. Table 77 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1039 nrousTET, Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MOEE— ALL INDUSTKIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW YORK CITY— Continued. Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and refriger- ators. Furs, dressed.. Qas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflec- tors. Qas, illxmiinating and heating. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. Oloves and mittens, leather. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating Hair work. Hand stamps and sten- cils and brands. Eats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt. Hats, straw. Hosiery and knit goods. House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. [ce, manu&ctured. [nk, printing. Ink, writing. [nstruments, profes- sional and scientific. Iron and steel, doors and shutters. Jewelry. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 824 821 573 -313 223 495 406 312 145 149 117 20 15 12 9 10 123 111 94 33 38 17 5 7 79 126 39 52 46 47 273 226 188 31 33 30 70 42 19 303 ISO 102 118 73 49 52 37 35 23 26 24 67 512 438 263 5,519 7,824 5,r- 6,719 6,295 6,248 9,066 8,414 974 748 738 3,571 4,857 3,^36 7,414 4,326 5,117 838 884 1,095 1,312 2,052 1,609 480 396 262 557 591 619 2,291 375 277 316 4,019 3,210 3,381 1,282 1,770 1,685 2,320 1,974 811 7,692 5,381 4,025 702 859 966 685 504 477 508 271 161 146 127 1,083 1,081 647 309 429 221 4,647 5,1 — 3,737 1,161 857 959 8,570 6,993 1,234 1,137 2,347 2,1 34,675 23,177 711 450 552 629 2,037 1,131 138 104 679 434 781 552 -424 2,873 1,551 33S 27,314 14,794 2,863 2,199 152 58 731 1,416 247 1,927 1,446 »4,116 5,' 3,278 3,430 2,998 2,151 6,019 5,359 4,146 596 612 517 2,330 2,915 l,r" 4,206 3,115 3,675 484 487 627 857 1,352 1,024 227 195 127 551 317 354 290 1,050 162 187 191 145 2,560 1,940 1,795 841 1,084 1,065 1,452 1,228 428 3,402 2,363 1,451 891 341 381 836 547 363 396 368 179 62 52 793 678 375 276 163 3,623 3,617 2,' $16, 130 23,434 14,733 15,695 15,645 9,804 10,133 8,731 5,857 604 253 4,061 4,349 3,050 18,274 12,736 9,347 349 281 1,130 766 478 291 169 2,746 939 2,072 1,014 4,482 461 188 156 96 5,205 3,730 3,196 1,997 2,567 1,619 5,076 3,440 905 9,508 7,615 3,149 4,582 1,503 1,,-- 1,360 839 523 2,626 1,850 1,070 362 283 214 654 300 262 323 134 10,683 10,004 5,643 $29,071 39,874 25,279 25,862 25,496 16,613 22,99* 19, 439 13,934 1,945 1,209 1,400 9,256 10,750 7,456 42,300 34, 117 29,716 1,218 1,128 1,552 2,730 3,448 2,577 938 668 374 3,998 1,757 3,097 1,981 7,817 661 578 462 19,007 13,565 6,235 6,440 2,534 2,471 3,664 2,813 1,502 6,113 3,965 2,266 737 662 3,231 1,909 1,109 705 788 386 20,468 19,236 11,348 NEW YORK CITY— Continued. Jewelry and instrument cases. Labels and tags. Lasts. Leather goods. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Liquors, malt. Looking-glass and pic- ture frames. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters . Mirrors, framed and un- framed. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and ^materials, not Musical instruments, pianos and organs and raaterials. Oil, not elsewhere speci- fied. Optical goods. Paint and varnish. Paper goods, not else- where spedfied. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Paving materials 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 331 15 20 21 53 74 89 121 115 96 = 267 275 257 258 247 168 133 122 92 1,233 886 648 271 252 219 47 37 34 62 IS 13 9 46 37 45 121 <132 117 23 420 27 44 27 19 119 113 82 6 65 '500 433 371 7 6 6 ' Includes "collars and cufls, men's" and " suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 2 Includes "pocketbooks;" "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and vaUse- " ^"""''■ 'Includes ''boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill prijdiiofcsjft; '^^^'"eSvllop^!''^"' ^"'^ published in 1909 because it was n^essary to make cwtain revisions in • Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosures of individual oneratinrK! 7 Hioludes "perfumery and cosmetics." paouuuo. 734 736 648 599 584 351 202 195 159 6,238 6,301 6,337 352 453 606 6,283 6,793 5,444 1,180 978 7,115 8,150 7,666 3,216 4,062 4,766 1,429 1,113 949 24,946 20,561 15, 671 1,492 1,568 l,i — 820 782 809 1,012 854 502 179 135 71 190 235 402 9,073 8,056 7,483 100 115 168 461 330 153 3,155 2,802 2,915 3,402 3,486 3,003 4,107 3,172 2,827 442 164 479 430 237 321 285 946 769 985 42,620 31,378 364 643 21, 455 19,240 10,281 10,711 812 819 4,635 3,372 1,430 1,284 835 712 526 447 415 126 6,841 5,883 233 234 229 152 13,218 8,925 3,876 3,311 3,751 2,928 1,369 670 $375 396 292 376 309 182 164 135 95 3,515 3,440 2,711 212 236 299 5,648 4,936 4,513 562 711 667 6,214 4,544 3,031 3,785 4,384 902 668 625 12,396 9,419 6,083 963 962 530 502 428 623 563 292 113 85 40 112 132 217 5,872 5,524 4,865 91 123 277 177 79 1,733 1,667 1,648 1,428 1,070 2,139 1,566 1, — 337 1041 100' $488 632 437 766 628 197 141 144 52 10,105 10,049 7,966 1,: 1,276 1,598 15,887 12, 797 10,991 1,004 1,230 725 11,389 14, 104 9,972 3,522 5,056 4,474 2,820 2,601 2,025 36,610 26,761 16,714 1,1 1,469 1,214 1, 1,582 1,809 838 560 280 833 604 193 156 168 257 12,128 12,626 8,718 1,446 1,610 1,799 632 249 83 17,455 16, 813 15,726 4,647 4,566 3,349 12,799 9,281 6,231 591 440 442 $1,362 1,353 1,102 1,885 1,382 509 455 259 18,219 17,775 14,625 2,748 1,946 2,228 56,312 63,469 43,168 2,424 2,991 2,046 20,568 24,122 21, 219 9,46? 12,205 11,915 4,734 4,367 3,381 70,800 51,239 32,343 4,278 4,362 3,979 2,539 2,612 2,743 2,714 2,095 1,015 1,435 1,072 334 547 469 737 25,130 24,260 18,900 1,895 2,640 2,425 1,238 711 278 29,277 26,664 22,830 9,415 8,833 6,197 30,156 24,984 18, 116 1,043 826 766 ;h sawmUIs;" and "window and door screens and order to make them comparable with tt-e figures for 1914. 1040 MANUFACTURES. Table 77.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary hors6» Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. HEW YORK CITT- Continued. Pens, fountain, stylo- graphic, and gold. Photo-engraving. . Photographic apparatus and materials. Pipes, tobacco. Printing and publishing. RooSng materials Rubber goods, not else- where specified. Scales and balances . Shipbuilding, including boat building. Signs and_avdertising novelties. Silk goods, including throwsters. Silverware and plated ware. Slaughtering and meat packing. Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soap. Sporting and athletic goods. Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Statuary and art goods. Steam packing ." Stereotyping and elec- tro typmg. Stoves and fdmaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Surgical appliances and artificial limbs. ' Tobacco manufactiares. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914- 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 35 21 24 16 21 27 2 3,185 2,883 2,325 15 3 7 35 219 60 118 84 60 42 32 3209 112 63 13 11 38 41 42 22 25 30 50 49 33 56 50 41 27 25 17 37 34 28 18 23 15 71 49 42 1,1 2,036 2,173 740 730 613 1,510 1,187 868 676 233 286 1,430 1, 1,106 48,348 48,322 40,357 267 65 198 2,282 940 1, 124 169 4, 4,022 4,649 1,519 670 5,947 7,952 7,117 1,151 1,441 1,554 4,371 3,924 2,169 250 234 145 1,614 1,535 1,188 639 280 496 542 505 710 371 727 575 974 790 677 1,123 355 446 338 423 23,608 22,521 25,449 302 192 275 272 119 651 701 47,896 37,835 317 245 4,558 2,916 207 105 13,394 9,756 555 201 3,791 4, 1,102 1,144 10,801 8,715 337 285 5,470 3,144 422 115 604 291 60 846 1,210 1,481 1,180 1,642 2,596 176 172 3,267 2,115 S490 427 362 1,643 1,195 754 482 141 147 745 727 608 38,633 35,097 27,092 199 34 127 1,143 500 796 156 65 103 4,210 2,732 3,342 961 431 2, 3,565 2,931 767 978 905 3,531 3,171 1,793 178 161 868 840 574 421 155 216 277 224 595 354 322 352 263 978 771 597 528 746 226 259 208 239 11,104 10,307 10,968 SI, 024 1,563 876 790 490 385 768 248 335 1,579 1, ■■" 901 56,186 46,613 32,417 801 414 621 1, 2,184 3,003 164 193 86 2, 2,969 1,440 570 8,090 8,490 7,070 1,201 J ... 1,472 97,457 83,834 49,929 8,499 7,776 4,426 12,768 9,169 4,717 405 399 2,047 770 344 188 118 1,197 553 716 647 321 815 1,605 426 381 243 32,573 25,430 19,622 S5, 169 13,195 1,945 3,766 2,617 1,782 2,019 658 756 2,625 3,137 1,796 215,571 183,609 138,602 1,360 620 4,865 3,647 6,521 543 436 344 11,919 8,389 8,409 3,790 1,521 15,008 16,950 14,036 3,037 4,199 3,505 110,707 95, 862 65,938 9,696 8,417 4,846 17,361 13,926 7,929 1,587 794 893 3,601 1,748 1,387 1,496 876 842 1,260 2,090 1,624 2,508 1,%1 1,380 1,919 3,106 1,081 1,713 1,119 873 75,406 62,488 50,525 ITEW YORK CITY- Continued. Toys and games Type founding and printing materials. Typewriters and sup- plies. Umbrellas and canes.... Window shades and fix- tures. Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified Wood carpet. Wood, turned and carved. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries. . Beonx Borough— All industries. Awnings, tents, and Bread and other bakery products. Carriages, wagons, and repairs. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. finishing Dyeing and textiles. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- appa plies. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refriger- ators. Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. Leather goods Liquors, malt. Lumber, planing-mill products, not includ- mg planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Marble and stone work. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 11909 1914- 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 35 20 44 27 16 137 134 94 94 67 32 66 67 117 6 6 86 8 11 6 790 711 800 1,271 934 267 201 «108 59 6 17 6 1, 1,095 623 171 189 210 879 660 614 1,567 1,897 1,490 547 522 539 904 974 1,674 166 95 216 284 828 379 310 419 142 23,880 22,879 29,437 19,387 14,540 110 33 1,467 679 219 1,518 461 224 193 360 568 672 254 681 1,644 1.'"" 427 404 54 52 77 95 354 430 429 602 1,236 861 416 297 248 217 407 353 496 344 130 813 724 131 138 491 824 863 565 60,332 55,103 31, 695 19,911 24 6 1,197 53 131 68 642 96 49 32 166 100 1,179 924 221 305 2,113 1,779 545 565 22 21 3,445 1,411 2,071 1,165 3,091 3,947 $702 416 141 131 134 498 386 279 836 899 614 196 462 534 166 76 157 184 493 257 151 207 67 15,324 13,100 14, 793 12,637 9,114 1,137 504 78 545 178 91 109 345 202 267 271 152 321 1,256 961 307 270 356 374 340 447 $1,349 753 281 278 357 146 1,080 729 3,662 4,113 2,847 2,269 3,016 ,1, 1,170 1,152 1,134 161 187 209 1,196 963 267 192,059 184,968 195,014 27,987 18,782 146 53 3,908 1,912 71 118 2,019 272 208 188 635 277 297 318 219 753 1,858 2,060 586 522 28 22 105 120 1,088 950 878 1,154 841 $2,992 1,634 740 749 654 2,741 1,961 1,081 6,929 6,374 4,689 3,304 4,125 1,979 2,335 2,353 3,015 557 311 447 625 1,707 771 1,544 1,512 427 235,170 232,355 243,376 58,709 42,900 6,977 3,139 216 267 3,711 668 426 1,380 703 992 1,004 627 1,581 4,491 4,084 1,143 1,026 122 77 205 215 3,028 4,237 1,672 1,783 3,493 2,307 1 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because it was necessary to make certain revisions in order t o make them comparable with the figures for 1914 . z Includes bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel, and copper plate, uicWding plate printing;" and "lithographing." ! T 1 J sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments."^ ollta mill '^' *"'°°"'''^''' repairing;" "hardware;" "stj^ flttiqes,sja(ts*e&'P,a,n1 2, 1,292 7,865 .8,062 6,252 2,260 1,878 1,464 2,225 2,063 2,078 853 840 819 8,896 - 7,384 4,251 3,841 3,925 2,561 2,940 2,682 2,112 6,153 4 1 — 2|536 S,846 6,360 3,316 $22,475 22,449 15,007 16,686 15,961 13,421 5,340 4,401 3,589 3,520 11,706 13,618 10,290 3,954 3,050 6,438 6,395 4,574 8,367 6,576 9,909 12,697 8,067 6,308 9,572 7,867 5,241 5,154 4,952 6,535 4,877 2,826 13,384 14,171 9,341 4,848 ■ 3,648 3,163 3,737 3,507 4,116 2,244 1,920 2,080 17,961 14,720 10,350 6,789 6,574 4,543 6,445 5,986 4,812 9,927 8,460 4,471 8,955 8,168 5,808 Middletown . Mount Veknon . New Eochelle., Newbubgh Nlagaka Falls. North Tonawanda. Ogdensburg. Olean . Oneonta . Ossinestg., Oswego. Plattsburg. Port Chester Poughkeepsie Rensselaer Rome Saratoga Springs.. Watebtown Wateevliet White Plains 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 11104 1914 1909 1904 1914 31909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 "1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 77 59 SO 133 90 .'i4 61 42 28 128 103 79 156 156 85 74 81 38 71 75 55 63 54 41 36 32 176 110 108 32 33 95 119 36 91 107 85 40 36 1/ 1,733 1,596 1,346 1,207 670 870 735 517 4,318 4,198 4,013 9,390 6,089 4,574 3,674 2,824 2,025 1,259 929 2,633 2,259 1,175 1,337 373 366 4,331 3,817 3,746 1,781 8 2,063 1,957 822 1,049 750 2,278 2,122 4,729 3,268 3,775 811 763 3,937 3,633 3,209 869 833 590 3,148 3,291 3,020 769 753 1,111 316 249 3,384 2,548 1,777 SI, 610 781 620 6,964 4,627 139,085 96,792 11,784 15,888 2,734 3,404 6,470 6,202 2,107 760 10,050 9,753 6,233 3,133 5,207 6,739 3,144 3,175 6,633 3,151 1,227 1,263 12,933 8,844 1,422 1,718 13,458 13,543 973 904 472 404 $1,073 902 740 842 802 426 567 482 342 2,204 2,093 1,789 6,164 3,588 2,348 1,956 1,582 994 417 617 341 1,! 1,339 624 778 226 243 2,216 1,813 1,462 1,075 1,241 1,025 479 513 328 1,071 1,040 2,284 1,644 1,641 558 364 2,038 1,851 1,392 494 464 284 1,836 1,— 1,612 368 302 470 219 180 $2,674 2,905 1,955 1,284 1,286 784 853 814 462 5,274 4,706 3,276 25,426 14,271 9,192 6,085 6,389 4,534 2,103 3,508 2,263 10,055 7,728 3,297 1,239 8,057 3 6,103 4,717 3,043 2,942 2,282 1,' 1,745 510 4,366 4,554 6,115 3,816 3,633 1,423 1,166 12,463 10,203 5,694 1,416 883 702 5,109 3,821 3,342 805 816 839 358 372 $4,443 4,658 3,356 3,167 3,376 1,877 1,736 1,669 1,103 9,987 9,651 7,036 44,817 28,652 16,916 10,040 9,600 6,499 3, 401 4,948 3,057 11,577 10,005 4,677 2,373 1,120 1,329 12,650 10,413 7,692 8,301 3 7,940 7,252 1,884 3,138 1,057 6,741 6,243 12,791 9,037 7,207 2,755 2,296 16,730 14,423 8,631 2,893 2,337 1,709 9,281 8,527 7,251 1,612 1,669 1,738 990 816 » Includes "automobile repairing" and "straoturaj ironwork/nJjfiT^cfeiSJ^ttfwte/oi/liffllSG/SGJiSO/i® 2 Excludes statistics for one estabUshment, to avoid disclosure of tta mdlviaual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because it was necessary to make certain revisions in order to make them comparable with the figures for 1914 1048 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS IKDUSTBT AND aiT. PEKSON3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tond- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Maximum month. Minimum montli. WAGE EABNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAREST BEPEE3ENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe. male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. 48,203 Agricultural implements. Artificial flowers Artificial limbs Artificial stone products . . Artists' materials Crayons Another Asbestos products, not including steam packing. Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing ; . . Repair work Vulcanizing tires Automobiles , Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder Babbitt and white metal . Type metal Solder BagSr other than paper Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Blackmg, stains, and dressings Bluing Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boot and shoe cut stock Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes. Regular factory products Footwear, other than boots and shoes. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper '. Paper boxes and cartons All other Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. Brass and bronze Copper All other Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Bmlding brick Sewer pipe and drain tile Fire brick, stove lining, and tile other than draintile. Architectural and flreprooflng terra-cotta, and all other. Brooms From broom corn . All other Briishes Toilet Paint and varnish . All other Butter Buttons .- Candles Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables Canned fruits All other, inoludmg dried fruits. 1,289,098 SO 163 17 180 10 4 215 962 158 35 57 235 219 16 41 331 323 187 228 205 10 13 4,249 23 4,226 171 147 10 107 21 23 63 279 224 10 16 22 744 6,166 4,394 139 1,055 49 23 26 20 7,456 5,769 5,722 47 7,421 1,381 412 139 53 220 1,510 1,434 1,297 818 856 39 10,367 671 930 28,668 28,325 343 1,360 15,818 15,539 279 3,709 7,643 6,424 579 640 35,720 7,121 6,331 48,636 37,420 31 183 13 173 11 144 840 833 7 4 227 22 3 5 14 15 155 27 30 5 382 67 207 193 14 37 283 277 220 197 6 17 4,555 7 4,548 154 100,660 5,365 140 VV 7 341 6 548 1 1,2,57 57 1,212 45 45 12 1,9.W 119 623 12 ,537 21 795 86 1,180 171 6,098 262 44,5 S 1X3 a 7,959 969 4,364 66 1,044 16 2,561 878 166 76 12 69 6 3 3 321 196 190 6 307 66 39 16 5 18 37 39 44 6 309 616 610 30 476 121 240 206 14 20 562 107 456 42 41 1 94 43 19 32 109 142 24 14 234 164 47 23 44,525 470 164 16 38 8 7 1 86 33 10 43 61 79 23 173 179 1 562 856 57 647 633 14 137 397 319 47 31 2,360 690 1,670 165 117 30 40 47 50 299 32 15 216 23 1,057,857 108 86 10 18 2 218 110 106 4 242 33 40 21 33 342 24 863 853 10 313 7 46 159 125 23 11 1,241 124 1,117 34 17 3 6 21 2 57 16 17 24 60 172 24 5 85 63 17 S 5,392 3,886 88 757 22 7 16 12 6,340 4,310 4,284 26 5,782 225 66 27 132 1,362 1,271 1,064 546 657 25 8,772 687 781 26,193 26,913 280 1, 14, 192 13,948 244 3,202 6,627 5,677 489 661 27,002 6,193 6,776 4,963 57 292 474 1,078 1,051 27 1,668 622 440 606 790 5,223 367 139 6,439 3,866 942 1,641 Mh 1,094,773 Ja 7,423 No 4,505 Se< 90 Je 942 No* No* No« Ap My Se Jy Ap Ja« My No Oo Se Ja My Jy* Mh Oo De Jy m Mh My My De No De Je My Oc Je De Mh Fe 20 6,960 31 6,393 Je 1,467 142 1,445 1,3 1,2 573 745 29 9,414 616 944 26,744 312 1,272 14,665 Jy 3,497 6,014 605 603 7,171 21,382 9,191 De 1,014,8! An' Je Je Fe 2,563 2,906 85 656 Ja< Se My< De Ja De* Ja Ja Ap Au Fe Ja Fe 539 No Fe De< 1,112 30 672 490 681 Jy i Mh 5,819 Ja 388 Mh * 164 Oc 9,793 6,882 Jy Jy 5,780 Ja< De* De Je Je De De< Ja No« Au My Se 3,990 23 5,282 760 "29 123 1,300 1,210 514 437 22 8,376 553 25,280 234 Ap 1,196 13,220 231 2,892 Se 5,250 Au 306 Ja m 4,740 20,524 1,147 29 210 434 497 394 679 Ja 668 Jy 4,639 Au 310 Je 128 Fe Fe My 473 120 71 6,! 4,516 90 860 24 8 16 21 6,356 4,246 23 5,782 1,023 218 69 26 123 1,376 1,3 1,2 627 603 22 8,624 611 723 27,060 26,780 280 1,219 1.3,795 13,646 3,261 6,696 6,494 604 598 28,749 7,044 21, 705, 8,585| 7,756 54 338 437 1,078 1,047 31 1,683 669 471 643 847 5,160 341 147 19, 876 10,548 1,946 7,382 m 5,869 766 82 849 17 4 13 14 6,240 4,261 4,238 23 6,770 753 216 121 468 723 918 518 4,457 443 17,900 17,783 117 656 5, .6,666 163 3,203 6,233 5,062 675 696 23,002 3,757 19,245 8,676 7,748 54 437 1,188 415 331 442 814 2,864 189 116 8,608 5,222 566 (=) 74 3,568 8 1 7 4 3 7 103 3 10 255 2 851 5 263 15 4,031 197 234 8,735 8,583 152 543 7,612 7,526 86 60 447 417 29 1 6,'616 3,285 2.331 (') 18 10 lU 111 10 10 (») 54 48 6 476 161 128 197 33 2,233 124 31 11,152 5,238 1,367 4,647 $3,334,277,528 -2 29,764,024 2,586, 253,520 1,961,485 43,499 16,966 26,634 55,064 15,941,295 4,91.3,417 4,855,903 67,514 26,736,133 1,695,373 2,443,358 968,313 643,802 931,243 2,610,397 3,878,340 1,430,167 4,713,672 1,611,439 29,666 11,769,229 2,613,662 791,874 29,956,081 29,550,984 404,097 886,405 18,058,292 17,819,132 239,160 6,223,083 16,279,244 13,976,059 1,288,494 1,015,691 66,563,346 30,9.38,938 34,624,408 14,694,614 12,348,166 266,347 908,130 1,071,981 1,686,002 1,654,713 31,289 3,050,124 1,274,611 839,650 936,063 3,133,928 6,355,907 2,146,557 602,398 13,318,625 9,717,598 1,446,706 2,154,321 1 Owned power only. i Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1049 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by- manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factoiy,. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 199,943,877 400, 135 154,514 10,855 104,618 8,725 2,600 6,125 1,M0 798,392 306,057 300, 597 5,460 665,600 88,160 128,363 67,091 12,286 48,986 121,161 123,872 69,076 124,876 136,866 13,362 776,431 56,463 68,770 1,304,497 1,275,191 29,306 18,717 1,006,592 988,288 18,304 222,516 613,555 483,414 24,892 105,249 1,246,292 376, 289 870,003 316,087 256,022 9,275 21,900 79,341 79,029 312 222,861 97,401 53,426 72,034 87,792 334,434 86,947 39,797 306,626 64,427 17,255 1142,785,058 1631,042,011 622,091 224,935 15,312 54,019 7,780 6,000 1,780 456 541,715 280,881 276,607 4,274 1,296,171 75,385 132, 101 64, 467 10,460 57, 174 102,206 121,996 236,658 362,808 1,633 668,446 30,096 38,572 1,716,079 1,649,323 66, 756 62,147 755,334 727,278 28,056 153,232 478,354 402,912 43.412 32,030 2, 653, 149 806,391 1,946,758 162,455 72,004 870 31,098 58,483 67,384 63,826 148,050 43,292 56,435 48,323 59,764 429,161 71,958 19,528 261,419 238,688 19,746 2,r~ $71,968,120 3,427,737 1,634,578 71, 162 500,988 11,083 3,570 7,513 5,879 4,487,826 3,887,215 3,868,265 18,950 4,499,982 652,080 162,744 50,616 16,910 95,218 555, 579 655,831 523,311 387,306 265,079 9,917 4,552,18S 241,746 275,047 15,195,343 15,084,328 111,015 567,386 5,750,038 5,630,037 120,001 1,621,374 4,050,792 3,302,206 328,395 420, 191 17,641,442 2,851,410 14,790,032 3,009.476 2,507,716 37,256 178, 748 285,756 462,590 448,831 13, 759 771,988 282,536 220,875 268,577 527,083 2,250,554 163,367 79,554 2,654,838 1,671,437 335,877 647,524 147,342,501 9,059 76,709 1,859 13,987 880 400 480 100 20,386 37,858 37,858 143,222 8,084 1,628 1, 5,404 15,914 10,889 15,258 3,479 168 247,857 16,679 128,854 127,954 900 1,944 56,993 56,993 4,426 36,819 29, 407 7,412 38,186 38,186 32, 174 28,156 4,018 7,865 7,865 36,890 27,116 17,654 46,911 15,832 12,296 4,200 3,074 > No figures given for reasons stated under 13,777 776 1,279 $66,218,108 $2,032,625,003 175,982,358 5,238 179, 759 15,623 25,523 4,294 300 3,994 544 306,178 764,923 . 759,891 5,032 37,569 106.126 19; 908 12, 732 4,096 3,080 61,169 40,645 25,068 60, 134 ■28,600 2,766 577,513 23,856 37,811 456,811 444,684 12, 127 47, 151 755, 676 737, — 17, 984 170, 642 237,992 200. .'509 17; 880 19, 603 2,404,471 247, 961 2, 156, 510 76,166 69,216 5,350 600 14.177 11,260 2,917 78,291 19,126 23,676 35,489 10,431 196,661 3,180 10,766 19,670 128,046 3,664 259 9,239 306 78 228 195 99,867 19, 714 19,689 26 106,360 5,477 9,405 3,461 176 5,778 10,348 20,237 7,909 45, 128 10. 696 82 31,842 6,358 2,503 96,228 95,652 676 11, 771 78,813 78,292 621 75,210 80, 162 70. 697 3,007 6,458 436,919 165,317 271,602 96,861 82,966 2,798 6,946 4,152 7,919 7,864 55 11,154 3,273 4,421 3,460 20,804 19,780 6,031 2,310 69,351 46,360 10, 172 12,819 6,730,298 2,605,587 56,200 656,781 44,038 8,916 35,122 4,584 8,209,873 3,146,748 3,116,168 30, 580 13,276,279 1,535,472 4,314,547 1,400,324 178,097 2,736,126 7,583,774 5,081,786 1,120,098 3,093,894 1,548,723 32, 742 4,899,289 1,891,333 934, 128 39,865,411 39,659,809 305,602 862,253 9,452,601 9,238,378 214,223 6,121,842 14, 783, 058 11,940,452 1,875,995 966, 611 57,516,123 10,305,824 47,210,299 792,366 534,546 18, 164 151,434 88,222 1,250,069 1,169,506 80,563 1,809,921 549,286 569,447 691, 188 10,664,809 3,111,436 916,373 1,141,526 5,763,494 1,609,743 930,246 342,907 19,527 6,978 26,012 412 173 239 461 279,459 179, 116 177, 929 1,187 211, 179 18,609 33,272 11,772 4,052 17,448 24, 214 29,670 11,789 46, 210 12, 147 782 166,365 19,560 15,898 322,621 319,212 3,409 15, 597 195, 779 189,592 6,187 105. 721 431, 735 328, 793 69,906 43,037 2, 118, 766 280,879 1,837,887 981,568 790, 062 36,002 76,968 78,536 13,426 12,835 591 30,440 12,237 7,328 10,875 148, 246 112,323 16,243 8,901 367,864 113,099 28, 131 226,024 $3,814,661,114 14,576,694 6,181,210 276,565 1,753,597 93, 434 30,105 63,329 15,681 17,439,581 10,601,067 10,614,966 86,101 24,676,695 3,120,699 5,329,306 1,909,332 281,013 3,138,961 8,962,397 6,753,572 2,164,006 4,892,087 3,279,787 79, 829 14,813,640 2,617,652 1,606,394 67,288,809 66, 595, 465 693,354 1, 781, 765 21,692,085 21,226,114 465,971 9,603,582 23,964,582 19,415,967 2,590,410 1,958,205 109,227,959 24,175,843 85,052,116 6,266,525 4,911,648 118,399 610,218 626,260 2,300,780 2, 170, 750 130,030 3,834,612 1,257,814 1,089,803 1,486,995 12,426,783 7,821,290 1,499,015 1,411,354 14,868,087 9,757,475 2,441,734 2,658,878 $1,706,053,753 2,356,655 7, 503, 489 3,656,096 214,387 1,070,804 48,984 21,016 27,968 10,646 8,950,249 7,276,203 7,220,869 54,334 11,189,237 1,666,618 981,487 497, 236 98, 864 385,387 1,354,409 1,642,116 1,032,119 1,751,983 1,718,917 46,305 9,757,986 606,659 656,368 27,100,777 26,716,434 384,343 903,905 12, 043, 705 ll,798.1t4 245,561 3,376,019 8, 749, 789 7, 146, 722 654, 510 948, 557 49,593,070 13,689,140 36,003,930 4,492,591 3,687,040 64, 233 381,816 469,602 1,037,286 988, 409 48,876 1,994,251 696, 291 613,028 784,932 1,613,728 4,597,532 667,3991 260,927, 6,186,751 3,880,882' 803, 860 1,502,009 11, 774 148 47 1,315 9 5 4 50 8,677 4,946 4,915 31 9,261 401 256 49 207 871 870 1,650 3,312 493 16 4,081 964 373 14,468 14,376 82 840 8,604 8,513 91 10,254 13, 667 10, 190 2,816 661 18, 713 5,758 12,955 26,467 23,577 831 1,034 1,026 752 721 31 1,248 b32 197 419 5,632 4,449 240 126 14,575 10,998 1, 2, 1,165,731 7,876 25 360 1,300 41 31 10 4,456 40 600 1,387 3,100 365 705 649 8,766 8,766 475 3,725 3,725 7,016 7,r-' 7,169 160 16 5,328 2,958 2,370 21, 155 18,823 570 822 481 477 4 755 615 75 165 4,520 1,870 172 50 8,860 7,635 973 352 163,168 239 392,932 1,532 12 6 268 5 4 1 911 536 534 2 319 S3 68 747 720 27 134 749 732 17 1,085 1,359 1,343 6 10 789 1,?57 35 25 10 161 40 23 492 475 50 19 2,6 1,051 53 1, 60 202 16 40 610 610 101 318 318 968 128 128 281 260 31 210 165 350 290 55 644, 824 2,127 111 41 697 4 1 50 6,466 4,: — 4,350 19 4,797 290 135 43 92 211 141 179 16 2,997 265 4,335 4,280 65 130 3,812 3,738 74 1, 185 4,846 1, 550 2,660 636 12,315 2,650 9, 765 3,995 3,581 197 132 85 236 219 17 332 77; 99 156 410 1,939 18 57 2,672 2,122 177 373 5,179 22 1,001 2,300 1 142 342 18 160 76 5,304 6,304 40 3,331 3,331 291 1,791 1,791 2, 1,628 1,261 1,437 1,210 15 60 152 28 174 20 16 'i,"225 1,185 40 ■ Explanation of terms." 1 Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1050 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. .a 1 ■3 •A PEBS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum ' month. Minimudi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Card cutting and designing Cardboard, not made m paper mills. Carpets and rugs, other than rag — Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad oompames. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opeirations of railroad companies. Cement Chemicals China decorating, not including that done in potteries. Chocolate and cocoa products Cleansing and polishing preparations, Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Clocks Cloth, sponging and reflnishing Clothing, horse Clothing, men's Regular factories Men's and youths' Boys' All other Contract work Men's and youths' Boys' Another Clothing, men's, buttonholes. . Clothing, women's Regular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers and house dresse; All other Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers and house dresses . All other Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Spice CofSms, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods. Collars and cufls, men's Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber. Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream. Confectionery Chewing gum Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels... All other 14 45 29 30 576 516 59 61 12 821 70 15 2,357 1,034 823 194 17 1,323 1,171 149 3 84 3,835 2,984 1,421 964 291 125 183 851 509 213 31 67 136 125 11 31 24 21 S42 330 19 193 309 291 18 198 70 13,236 289 523 4,462 4,145 317 5, 22, 305 2,765 2,528 1,659 9,228 138 1,061 507 139 388 1,685 571 81 74,943 44, 496 37, 430 6, — 258 30, 447 28,484 3,915 48 474 128,969 115, 124 46,965 46,515 13, 875 3,204 4,565 13,845 6,744 4,187 714 701 1,499 2,778 2,343 435 1,391 10,554 606 2,303 14,587 12,077 615 1,895 2,431 2,281 150 4 50 23 25 662 583 79 3 664 17 19 3,375 1,503 1,188 296 19 1,872 1,654 214 4 105 5,320 4,099 2,070 1,241 197 232 1,221 734 311 34 47 95 107 10 31 530 332 10 188 344 324 20 6 3 104 13 26 21 117 115 2 185 672 48 S4 43 277 2 29 47 16 31 73 27 931 854 729 120 5 77 61 16 2,377 2,301 890 938 328 50 97 76 105 16 61 192 18 437 296 25 116 47 44 3 557 18 14 16 165 140 25 246 1,382 118 174 33 994 190 109 49 60 99 32 13 4,194 4,140 3,497 628 15 54 48 7,852 7,794 4,075 2,321 821 318 259 58 39 13 2 1 3 686 620 66 174 328 49 1,012 815 49 148 25 24 1 14 18 13 10 158 28 1,616 1,456 1,198 251 7 60 50 5,027 4,979 1, — 2,123 568 172 223 1 5 164 146 18 54 228 24 459 348 49 62 14 14 162 60 12,540 202 444 458 3,467 3,256 211 4,921 20,234 2,595 2,283 909 7,780 109 810 227 62 175 1,473 467 50 64,927 38,543 30, 818 5,513 212 28,384 24,671 3,673 40 361 108,393 95,951 38, 035 39, 892 11,803 2,467 3,754 12,442 5,924 3,813 670 647 1,388 1,690 1,365 325 1,071 9,793 493 1,536 12, 142 10,288 482 1,381 2,001 1,875 128 Mh Fe Je Fe No 177 65 13,467 217 583 547 My 3,582 Au 3 222 So 5,186 Ja 21,073 No 2,913 My Je Au Fe Oo 2,530 1,281 8,262 117 975 mS Mh Ja De 60 230 1,751 498 63 Fe Fe Ja 32,472 6,093 253 Mh Ja Mh3 Oc 25,637 3,990 45 372 Oc Mh 44, 254 45,961 Mh 12, 832 Oo Ap 2,692 4,122 Oc Mh No Mh Mh 7,130 4,209 750 744 Je Ap Oo Se Je 1,459 350 1,132 10,411 684 1,765 Oc Oc Jy 11,632 678 1,716 2,489 136 Au Jy Au Fe No» My 150 56 10,657 175 290 417 De 2,912 Ja 194 De 4, 497 Je 19, 471 Jy Fe Ja Je My. Jy No No Oc My No My' De Je Jy Ja Jy Je Jy Jy De My Ja De Se Jy My Ja Ja 2,155 1,765 450 7,399 102 687 Ja Au No De Ja» 42 140 1,267 445 45 27,888 6,085 179 23,365 3,481 31,221 30,456 Jy 10,473 2,216 3,441 4,462 2,952 537 1,263 1,281 285 1,014 9,370 424 De 1,367 9,250 285 1,116 De De 1,357 121 166 57 12,756 213 403 514 3,277 3,067 210 4,569 20,311 2,758 2,324 1,181 7,724 106 850 • 222 51 171 1,568 452 64 68,211 36,276 30, 441 6,'-" 235 31,936 ■27,663 4,238 45 370 114, 238 98, 642 39,352 41,080 11,678 2,682 3,850 15,596 7,823 4,754 751 765 1,503 1,629 1,345 284 1,078 9,754 450 1,600 13,371 11,202 764 1,405 2,278 2,152 126 87 40 6,923 158 365 3,259 3,049 210 4,547 20,307 2,741 2,321 1,150 7,649 54 606 115 29 86 1,128 452 44 43, 437 22,622 19,176 3,323 123 20,815 17,960 2,828 37 262 46,749 39, 257 28,368 8,414 1,188 403 884 7,492 6,548 930 33 109 872 845 122 804 2,463 388 1,454 5,907 4,436 160 1,311 2,274 2,148 126 77 17 5,748 61 33 16 15 15 19 171 50 101 22 79 436 20 24,419 13,444 11,080 2,257 107 10,976 9,579 1, — 103 67, 139 69,072 10,932 32,520 10,436 2,267 2,917 8,067 2,262 71 656 630 492 162 269 7,263 74 7 ' 6! 1300 596 92 1 1 55 275 150 130 15 5 125 103 22 279 35 139 149 141 $182,504 142,100 31,651,107 156, 717 1,554,192 647,357 9,309,633 9,002,640 306,993 13,437,681 21,326,776 6,716,739 21,895,249 3,475,379 67,616,367 146,093 4,729,048 1,199,594 230,313 969,281 4,336,189 316,547 220,215 88,448,993 85,475,451 74,180,976 10,944,689 349, 887 2,973,642 2,627,197 437,015 9,330 150,880 102,621,450 100,681,807 44,283,950 33,460,161 14,665,137 4,448,402 3,834,157 1,839,643 955,620 565,332 95,050 74,612 149,029 9,909,798 9,335,109 574,689 3,580,477 14,174,682 826,934 8,700,948 24,886,827 18,085,798 3,261,920 3,539,109 5,289,146 i, 949, 118 340,028 1 Owned power only. * Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft® NEW YORK. OB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Oontiaued. 1051 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' luter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 19,404 6,500 445,838 14,624 56,445 25,928 200,174 195,669 4,505 262,214 847,811 82,493 152,070 61,008 1,125,593 1,"- ■ 109,182 75,639 21,742 53,897 195,859 89,880 20,390 2,773,949 2,632,851 2,266,809 363,882 12,160 141,098 114,938 26,160 10,19,6 6,470,951 5,389,— 2,226,249 2,037, 183 776,646 142,214 207,376 81,283 26,336 31,348 6,500 7,000 10,099 326,949 287,487 39,462 121,627 104,700 235,452 1,181,331 885,975 62,654 232,702 106,250 99,450 6,800l $9,658 4,824 625,837 20,164 23,250 26,667 179,124 170,049 9,075 208,310 1,173,067 123,612 200,442 27,199 1,362,590 9,478 304,374 191,362 56,789 134,573 91,575 43,517 11,065 6,626,280 6,558,997 5,498,772 1,044,213 16,012 67,283 56,964 6,969 3,350 12,033,766 11,978,008 5,955,194 4,002,928 1,197,199 353,466 469,221 55,758 33,461 15,592 1,620 936 4,149 990,781 845,133 145,648 191,646 383,648 73,955 555,029 1,244,937 1,013,144 54,629 177,164 38,497 36,697 1,800 $81,120 30,342 5,666,641 91,442 284,473 265,164 2,426,352 2,275,086 151,266 3,467,573 14,367,258 2,071,797 1,610,321 651,417 5,379,654 59,260 379,846 102,035 23,751 78,284 807, 170 368,233 29,788 35,070,250 21,530,435 18,437,131 2,996,106 97, 198 13,539,815 11,932,361 1,580,699 26,755 173,060 64,128,360 59, 158, 141 29,298,995 21,779,414 5,207,267 1,084,036 1,788,429 4,970,219 3,070,163 766,339 261,166 219,859 652,692 946,947 817,573 129,374 637,981 4,357,690 266,016 950,863 5,444,256 4,230,441 196,026 1,017,789 1,228,185 1,156,253 71,932 $2,500 1,612 1,200 26,000 35,336 34,817 519 4, 6,276 3,479 15,744 1,038 45,272 9,736 6,946 3,790 4,976 12,154 23,720,983 23,328,411 18,807,304 4,508,154 12,953 392,572 374,866 6,374 11,332 524 14,399,256 14,329,710 8,223,861 4,441,410 575,389 679,423 409,627 69,546 64,981 2,425 2,140 16,150 . 15,688 462 750 1,041,161 87,195 10,020 4,590 3,215 $21,810 5,100 12,076 10,997 5,812 16,642 215,429 195,823 19,606 5,487 16,784 89,287 9,420 64,466 29,362 13,533 15,829 16,352 87, 180 7,000 3,08^327 2,514, — 2,053: 439 2i; 673! 492: 79: 2: 21: 3,125 9,780 11 993 3,429 2,132 9,133 2,164 11,956 1,375 1,907 1,885 22 7,586,483 7,175,957 3,526,731 2,518,248 648,711 242,066 240,201 410,526 215,518 125. 653 18,211 13,757 37,387 290,215 248, 743 41,472 40,160 31,073 18,845 .7,741 847,719 48,139 100,230 51,824 49,774 2,050 $119 441 96,610 815 7,497 3,682 62,753 60,803 1,950 172,055 62,388 22,085 420,552 21,502 4,534 558 3,976 21,398 429 538 130,949 117,406 108,974 8,109 323 13,543 ]E,572 971 707 120, 167 118,421 55,220 40,260 18,628 1,495 2,818 1,746 623 258 100 119 37,254 35,276 1,978 19,634 55,128 1,061 63,015 168,211 105,432 35,922 26,857 36, 114 34,340 1,774 $119,198 64,487 15,387,014 40,358 581,338 395,623 $3,482 1,818 391,139 6,600 23,101 7,303 2,835,353 2,716,879 118,474 3,862,964 137,031 131,138 5,893 203,433 13,628,723 705,434 6,302,979 68,650 2,141,971 13,582,644 22,078,589 168,607 1,365,440 134,997 4,173,490 6,294 5,286,606 80,919 554,088 188,385 365,703 1,081,051 19,604 166,187 8,662 3,285 5,377 36,969 18,215 1,189 93,940,385 93,168,585 77,927,435 14,828,366 412,784 771,800 610,175 260,804 761 33,637 651,275 357,660 284,534 70,055 3,071 ■293,615 256,294 • 36,256 1,065 6,452 182,482,422 181,896,530 90,034,287 60,098,901 1,197,632 1,052,481 430,487 390,155 20,417,430 137,529 5,745,865 5,600,047 33,791 60,519 585,892 313,827 104,962 145,151 70,394 46,454 99,694 6,819 13,627 53,782 6,238 15,246 25,402,124 159,327 23,786,745 1,615,379 2,107,261 147,678 11,649 41,384 5,952,803 635,277 109,042 18,022 12,155,732 292,870 24,369,626 17,966,289 1,727,451 4,675,886 4,334,410 4,199,483 134,927 488,206 359,613 12,187 116,406 58,424 55,799 2,625 $314,850 135,439 26,075,521 267,941 1,141,576 936,597 7,617,543 7,222,203 395,340 8,204,259 30,892,742 9,066,920 6,840,005 15,133,816 42,876,880 316,003 7,412,401 1,494,137 419,422 1,074,715 3,310,386 874,469 261,994 197,368,800 178,296,089 148,494,151 29,047,068 754,870 19,072,711 16,585,664 2,424,125 62,922 329,691 345,315,642 336,244,587 166,128,285 114,629,755 34,474,454 10,308,039 10,704,054 9,071,055 4,976,041 2,330,122 494,070 308J230 962,592 31,675,263 29,211,036 2,464,227 3,713,891 17,719,796 1,226,602 15,701,710 41,898,647 30,106,520 3,963,943 7,828,184 6,588,254 6,307,138 281,116 $192,170 69,134 10,297,368 221,983 537,137 533/671 4,645,159 4,374,186 270,973 4,137, 16,558,585 2,695,291 3,332,594 1,416,175 16,624,801 141, 102 2,044,876 931,387 227,752 703,635 2,192,366 836,650 94,618 102,777,140 84,769,844 70,282,182 14,148,647 339,015 18,007,296 15,819,195 2,127,005 61,096 289,602 161,635,588 153,295,576 75,663,511 54,140,699 13,919,495 4,528,383 5,043,488 8,340,012 4,591,820 2,178,706 387,557 288,365 893,564 6,113,812 5,276,613 837, 199 1,565,246 11,657,951 673,303 3,253,108 17,040,815 11,780,618 2,224,305 3,035,892 2,195,420 2,051,856 143,664 82 133 16,097 250 1,279 576 7,251 6,962 289 10,584 30,825 4,784 33,363 4,555 131,928 4,482 220 38 182 1,476 272 31 10,966 7,073 5,885 1,078 no 3,893 3,216 672 5 138 16,523 14,069 5,168 5,300 2,196 £72 2,454 1,062 924 116 231 5,207 4,641 566 2,031 466 5,202 17,644 12,582 619 4,443 2,892 2,554 338 80 7,863 25 695 225 2,314 2,248 66 958 17 267 3,105 26,662 4,144 17,640 1,700 95 95 875 49 2,370 2,301 2,151 150 713 713 100 441 9 163 1,783 1,738 45 1,367 2,709 283 4,378 10,296 10,063 2,442 2,167 275 124 36 15 1,071 1,058 13 1,444 4,300 251 13,759 40 136 77 10 1,443 450 297 153 993 741 250 2 46 624 427 43 113 186 197 61 74 12 50 147 144 3 140 537 109 327 2,590 683 10 1,1 148 148 1,630 25 125 1,421 1,371 50 800 161 161 161 306 77 38 6,604 101 523 211 2,445 2,285 160 11 139 1,679 2,201 160 99,169 9 742 85 38 47 465 146 21 6,992 4,161 3,276 775 no 2,831 2,456 372 3 15,186 12,929 5,125 5,087 563 585 2,257 1,001 850 109 116 181 3,277 2,759 518 491 74 191 4,755 1,836 605 2,314 272 239 33 158 400 400 18 456 153 19,863 '2,' 032 2,214 541 527 626 1 266 266 17 171 40 1,271 1,271 i 1,376 7,940 6,810 ,130 258 250 11 ' Same number reported tor one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1052 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- m- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cordage and twine Cordials and flavoring sirups Cork, cutting Corsets Cotton goods Cotton lace Cotton small wares Cutlery and edge tools Table cutlery Razors Axes, hatchets, scissors, shears, and cUppers. Pocketknives All other Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and api- arists' supplies. Incubators and brooders All other poultrymen's supplies . Cream separators .-. All other ^dairymen's and api- arists' supplies. Dental goods Drug grinding Druggists' preparations Dyemg and finishing textiles Dyestufls and extracts Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Emery and other abrasive wheels Enamehng Engines, steam, gas, and water Engravers' materials Engraving and diesinting , . . . Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Engraving, wood Envelopes Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Beadwork Celluloid novelties Metal novelties Paper novelties Wood novelties All other Feathers and plumes Felt goods Fertilizers Files Fire extinguishers, chemical . ., Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals and table foods. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles Meat products, not elsewhere specified . Sausage casings Sweetening sirups, other than cane. All other for human consumption For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Foundry supplies Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Rattan and willow Metal Store and office fixtures 668 12 40 30 60 30 10 11 50 3 13 4 14 16 33 9 5 215 129 11 15 48 4 191 118 24 15 13 45 17 14 138 27 119 287 21 124 25 4 5 95 13 1,501 28 110 1,363 8 877 235 729 471 49 183 6,468 4,122 621 1,111 3,383 8,061 1,182 268 4,055 34 849 127 2,560 486 2,505 498 22 1,661 324 1,135 440 2,417 6,390 863 28,927 1,264 85 2,363 31 729 3,037 1,387 3,760 226 303 749 192 129 2,161 4,542 212 232 819 664 5,065 6,396 1,061 1,317 19 33 2,157 510 49, 215 986 7,072 41, 157 52 8,729 25,190 15, 652 514 4,4( 4,61 727 10 35 18 47 12 6 17 31 2 7 1 46 89 10 77 149 6 15 27 3 222 119 252 6 12 44 19 12 159 142 4 2 7 ■""'26 98 1,058 263 14 152 23 63 5 1,137 26 61 1,061 1,2 666 416 32 336 75 30 36 103 96 22 7 92 5 26 7 40 14 102 18 70 14 44 14 113 194 46 37 40 1 122 4 34 7 30 4 4 83 110 40 17 6 14 31 66 243 218 36 27 11 115 22 1,945 51 264 1, 10 217 211 923 659 12 393 167 86 26 198 110 38 6 119 216 38 148 66 38 17 156 43 21 113 1 42 2 68 10 114 49 142 36 133 36 416 383 105 1,239 22 215 4 178 1 18 270 2 92 13 44 51 10 7 168 305 64 88 6 39 79 138 517 602 153 82 44 3,835 56 246 3,533 6 955 699 1,455 718 IS 51 14 60 12 191 210 56 1,191 15 11 5 22 145 1 43 166 15 24 7 5 106 156 33 20 7 17 86 51 177 282 82 140 19 1,537 11 84 1,442 360 649 332 1 Owned power only. Mh 482 m0iMdmyiM/iim^onm 4,864 3,804 433 1,014 2,879 7,800 1,095 232 3,700 116 2,420 439 2,046 16 1,395 247 866 1, 6,614 647 23,738 600 992 63 1,973 18 433 2,419 58 1,215 2,928 195 225 600 152 101 1,665 3,829 1,295 466 186 162 603 1 311' 3,070 4,031 777 13 18 1,571 420 40,761 843 6,417 33, 601 27 6,904 6,553 21,497 13, 527 443 Oc Mh Je Se Ap Ja Mh Fe 5,060 3,968 610 1,073 3,373 9,112 1,184 259 Fe» Oc Mh De Ja 40 780 127 2,532 481 Fe De« My Ja Ml->3 844 17 1,602 270 959 378 Ap 1,724 Ap 6,066 No 719 Ja 26,326 No Ap 1, Jy3 Jy 2,230 No! 22 De 476 Ja 2,583 Fes Mh 61 Se Oo Fe No- Mh No Je Se Ja Oo Je Je No Jy No No Ja No Se Jy Au 4,562 3,638 367 962 2,475 6,759 1,008 189 Au> Ja Jy Oo Oc Jes Oc Se De De Au Oc No No 2 Jy 237 312 672 193 116 1,809 4,682 1,326 562 198 172 646 347 3,208 De Mh Ja Ap3 Oc 1,147 223 462 Ja Mh Fe Ja Oo Mh 992 6,955 35, 163 32 7,723 Mh 14, 175 De Ja De Fe De De Au De Je Au Ja Ja Je 8 575 91 2,341 392 14 1,271 236 326 Au 1,574 De 4,954 Au 564 De 21,924 568 923 57 No 1, Mh 15 Je 412 No 2,144 55 1, 155 128 185 522 133 79 1,492 3,292 1,198 348 176 161 560 282 2,940 De Ja Au Mh De Ja My 688 960 174 12 13 1,307 390 No De De No Fe Jy 703 5,658 31,488 23 4,326 6,235 Jy 12, 876 Oo De Oc 381 3,536 3,405 4,886 3,589 428 1,066 2,469 7,920 1,088 232 3,800 404 2,068 18 1,399 243 752 331 1,' 4,987 707 22,184 610 1,750 22 477 2,181 59 1,219 3,058 196 199 577 164 116 1, 3,841 1,287 502 180 168 614 316 3,205 4,368 841 1,160 215 15 19 429 39,794 759 5,953 33,082 29 7,483 6,745 20,885 13,527 422 3,540 3,396 4,779 1,800 247 534 362 4,482 627 95 3,221 38 515 109 2,223 336 2,003 392 18 1,360 233 596 162 831 3,486 692 19,314 587 847 1,747 18 440 1,375 46 464 1,362 7 140 420 34 87 674 465 963 499 177 165 166 189 3,134 2,962 445 • 846 130 15 11 1,087 418 39,025 759 5,866 32,400 29 5,351 1,836 20,169 13,031 405 3,477 3,256 90 1,771 180 530 2,111 3,302 435 136 540 301 66 10 146 146 749 1,477 13 2,788 13 115 31 20 789 9 754 1,607 188 66 156 116 29 1,062 3,303 324 3 . 3 . 1 426 122 66 1,392 387 295 85 606 11 703 82 621 2,112 4,— 625 415 17 60 13 79 23 J9, 481, 991 12,822,411 1,893,1(7 1,478,106 3,421,570 20,834,471 3,036,225 555,083 5,489,212 28,150 1,077,514 157, 174 3,337,231 889,143 8,619,622 1,363,225 30,274 5,888,083 1,337,940 4,108,821 950,807 8,344,436 13,685,712 6,115,736 82,589,056 408,591 4,103,478 114,844 8,987,078 66,684 495,116 9,431,689 37,974 1,912,593 197, 930 328, 556 961,834 123,702 163,679 2,071,192 4,587,662 7,148,979 4,803,011 258,510 319,663 842,081 1,304,580 34,644,069 15,256,955 4,996,070 2, 115, 542,712 12,395 109,064 5,911,892 1,569,153 162,901,534 1,980,581 15,913,765 145,007^188 145,481 18,552,016 10,247,631 41,569,982 26,584,055 253,403 7,565,001 7,157^523 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1053 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- tm'e. rowEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. -Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of , power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1638,593 176,776 98,771 78,078 240,131 257,808 81,849 36,325 214,356 5.300 77,053 8,606 95,857 27,540 267,858 49,630 193,403 24,826 164,794 56,655 453,909 514,373 205, 177 2,301,926 45,455 108,557 5,000 284,035 10, ■"" 55,316 310,898 1,560 92,406 248,090 5,540 12,719 48,678 8,460 5,467 167,226 309,192 197,023 68,101 10, 541 46,132 84,402 137,947 494 643 693,828 119,469 76,333 23,943 555 13,660 371,536 88,932 $405,132 209,813 170,550 41,455 522,825 157,115 51,542 13,468 197,148 150 117,384 2,060 62,477 15,077 326,168 73,905 197, 237 55,026 186,961 44,269 867, 562 508,077 190,707 4,768,093 22,240 276,775 210,660 3,730 25,251 511,067 3,118 117,631 372,338 15,848 77,978 65,725 12,521 7,736 192,530 4i36,771 172,644 165,125 11,903 129,207 118, 134 147,420 609,001 950,447 252,806 122,052 95,147 4,404 413,616 62,422 6,445,299 73,080 370,297 6,001,922 4,773 1,246,866 1,107,790 1,883,068 1,062,820 20,072 323,862 476,314 $3,681,333 1,706,146 210,604 408,544 1,214,894 3,575,023 538,202 127,197 2,115,908 14,834 391,785 65,372 1,375,285 268,632 1,278,756 154,246 7,826 947,367 169,317 563,994 154,195 847,057 2,925,211 449,889 16,186,875 399,999 595,721 26,430 1,384,069 11,226 328,438 1,684,252 37,501 610,348 1,358,113 54,006 122,783 301,324 61,917 54,452 763,631 1,732,883 711,899 252,446 97,354 139,902 299,095 148,316 1,996,609 2,131,513 463,840 444,429 101,157 7,861 7,303 789,015 317,908 28,543,235 497,146 4,332,212 23,713,877 15,219 4,343,418 3,211,390 13,296,834 8,168,613 243,403 2,369,273 2,515,545 $161,629 150 10,151 90,895 30,342 6,344 545 2,160 3,639 18,255 321 17,806 128 12,869 10 3,360 109,637 2,150 106,892 3,210 21 1,140 7,727 6,026 56,714 4,580 9,079 94,551 33,959 950 2,879 12,591 2,518 41,654 39,370 800 2,188 271 413 3,881 1,613 24,017 24,201 3,000 1,400 16,500 3<301 441,337 3,248 24,392 413,697 254 182,747 838,418 281.288 208,185 9,401 63,702 $333,342 34,854 35,993 35,214 221,541 18,310 7,165 5,360 44,164 1,100 37,560 1,200 2,733 1,571 7,841 6,381 300 620 540 23,409 12,719 107,018 146,783 69,458 364,318 83,132 10,593 3,667 29,539 4,590 66,806 115,088 7,477 81,003 242,229 10,471 38,054 39,841 11,852 11,500 130,511 311,688 1,030 1,100 3,080 11,928 48,500 69,080 121,649 267,569 13,554 95,482 19,778 530 5,482 122,928 9,815 1,020,201 21,994 77,939 920,268 2,106 1,145,701 400,548 993,434 613,813 32,670 149,011 197 940' $46, 217 81,084 14,940 7.595 16,641 192,627 10,049 3,136 22,048 2,690 11,668 7,194 39,461 990 179 34,559 3,733 10,327 10,166 32,903 80,221 39,729 287,304 1,405 27,362 454 25,438 241 972 54,679 5 5,799 7,967 316 170 2, 231 201 4,247 6,629 28,839 13,387 820 2,143 2,204 8,300 159,881 101,790 41,944 15,397 1,867 74 10,633 756,133 20,579 82,721 652,833 760 40,691 10,243 211,163 138,458 35,414 36,653 ' Same ni $7,315,204 8,086,043 1,906,617 1,365,414 2,889,456 10,002,667 874,748 307,672 $107,627 160, 586 9,713 19,150 29,497 434,249 25,933 8,169 1,52.5,920 13,818 541,207 50,162 90,564 650 15,432 5,445 660,383 260,350 47,214 21,823 3,229,768 67,406 422,206 7,336 1,743,961 1,056,265 8,068 1,289 48,058 9,991 5,173,627 778,433 26,722 20,884 4,746,312 10,039,132 3,775,641 36,616,722 57,830 412,846 108, 976 1,408,037 161,564 1,246,364 19,719 34,312 141,867 3,604 1,838,412 109,901 142,117 1,441,531 70,229 1,260 10,804 61,706 11,524 1,202,363 369 21,056 3,755,919 41,857 660,263 483,036 424,695 85,369 33,058 2,069,498 5,604,870 1,117 6,001 10,844 1,437 2,634 19,824 27,612 2,862,020 1,618,368 45,448 399,999 727,265 1,411,548 66,923,047 78,590 50,670 8,458 4,717 10,993 10,442 499,714 20,069,061 382,110 2,934,714 79,822 2,177,416 1,631,791 87,293 9,944 26,855 255,802 194 2,126 7,632,607 5,409,876 129,418 73,313 35,441,873 636,691 4,571,521 30,233,661 77,483 16,734,861 13,740,223 2,038,778 38,798 596,530 1,403,450 3,876 87,175 62,404 20,658,888 12,344,736 656,814 347,391 239,508 4,648,143 6,437 111,886 $14,962,871 11,970,893 2,871,244 2,258,190 6,393,526 15,671,038 2,194,088 599,685 5,056,270 36,800 1,548,949 249,294 2,545,726 675,501 6,769,695 1,001,733 28,561 4,205,396 1,524,005 7,143,111 1,354,886 8,856,268 16,302,576 6,225,856 73,944,708 1,008,006 3,188,884 86,388 4,598,902 153,970 982,062 5,269,603 106, 165 2, ,546, 869 7,446,561 893,765 872,949 1,138,030 241, 728 152,680 4,147,409 10,274,427 4,826,574 2,476,881 203,492 947,649 1,678,517 2,352,035 77,408,764 32,165,811 7,146,710 3,430,696 2,276,326 39,202 364,296 12,432,626 6,475,955 102,896,817 1,554,675 12,460,203 88,881,939 133,469 30,312,136 23,205,074 48,139,472 28,804,432 718,036 9,736,642 $7,540,040 3,724,264 9-54,914 873,626 3,474,573 6,234,122 1,293,407 283,844 3,439,786 22,332 992,310 193,687 1,838,129 393,328 3,462,521 571,459 19,936 2,413,377 457,749 1,942,762 555,569 4,052,126 5,850,598 2,341,239 35,919,949 812, 130 1,800,653 63,065 2,690,261 42,809 829,141 3,766,366 94,272 1,323,450 3,648,785 232,385 383,912 702,491 154, 922 116,988 2,058,087 4,641,945 1,885,964 807,843 149, 586 542,933 940,259 930,045 9,986,003 11,714,640 4,132,174 1,165,987 634,591 12,153 106,368 4,670,601 992,766 65, 416, 166 879,186 7,292,152 57,244,828 52, 110 13,490,100 9,402,447 26,923,770 16,112,305 472,091 4,976,613 3,929 11,935 437 863 769 37,220 1,428 274 73 408 233 2,926 1,686 4,451 131 3,185 332 944 1,( 13,497 3,576 71,453 34 5,132 83 314 2,005 5 193 453 31 239 478 302 4,872 2,055 510 120 164 223 72,269 9,204 2,373 2,; 274 3 46 2,523 !,■ 80,251 1/ 13,704 64,563 304 1,345 1,001 31, 930 21,403 156 4,328 6,043 902 9,495 300 708 65 22,835 1,270 140 1,755 125 125 1,160 345 3,549 375 50 3,099 25 940 530 1,058 9,924 3,262 36, 344 22 100 1,027 100 '566 166 255 165 113 68 3,450 905 450 45 65 19,595 2,836 515 867 86 871 495 32,693 1,495 3,667 27,531 50 76 150 21,174 14,797 1,977 4,400 438 95 15 45 40 110 16 458 91 100 30 387 325 14 48 136 522 15 1,816 467 28 25 576 53 62 205 18 8,039 1,062 53 822 33 114 40 8,387 153 375 7,859 5 7 29 2,977 1,524 5 774 674 20 335 11,650 40 1,408 903 505 22 1,897 '""26 1,272 31,314 160 150 4,504 185 370 3,949 1,712 1,647 2,569 2,010 122 110 664 2,625 102 95 1,705 65 192 634 806 443 53 67 148 364 500 1,154 299 33,273 440 3,430 30 252 1,905 6 330 5 22 104 9 26 323 141 150 1,086 20 102 119 140 13,321 5,156 1,655 703 188 1 13 1, 1,058 34,667 151 9,292 25,224 249 1,263 822 6,067 3,435 151 1,537 944 10 5,680 10 339 39 8,701 810 416 3,138 446 "2.1 512 45 459 3,908 72 27,203 763 1 227 50 1,054 101 3,226 429 10 140 5 53 221 23,569 1,538 /630 21,501 108 25 5,657 1,919 1,583 2,155 35 1054 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND aTT. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried ofli- cers, super- m- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15th day ol— Maximum montb. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Furs, dressed. Galvanizing . . Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric fixtures All other Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines and gas and water me- ters. Gas and water meters Gas machines Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Glue, not elsewhere specified , Gold and silver, leaf and foil Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore. Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Tallow All other Hair work Hand stamps - Hardware Locks Hinges and other builders' ware , All other Hat and cap materials Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats, straw Hats, wool-felt Hosiery and knit goods , House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Comforts and quilts Feather pillows and beds „ . Cotton batting Mops and dusters All other Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Ink, writing Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Medical and surgical All other Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe Iron and steel, doors and' shutters.... Iron and steel forgings Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails. Iron and steel, wrought pipe Ivory, shell, and bone work, not including combs and hairpins. Japarming Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Labels and tags Lamps and reflectors.^ Automobile, carriage, and wagon lamps. All other lamps Reflectors Lapidary work Lasts Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. 52 6 138 43 79 16 131 11 22 182 216 g 38 13 41 27 14 90 47 88 13 20 55 57 293 39 76 7 483 143 28 111 15 24 7 4 22 10 566 74 35 45 11 45 15 6 174 1,124 114 3,617 1,051 2,240 326 14, 895 1,' 1,459 10 3,334 2,644 6,968 454 309 72 1,213 283 930 870 326 3,138 249 467 2,422 1,093 4,996 3,691 395 42,603 3,352 185 110 230 38 2,789 1,679 871 247 2,931 558 2,373 2,086 11,791 1,431 224 1,051 1,-- 150 187 208 84 7,093 1,427 870 1,912 319 1, 184 599 476 227 4,283 104 28 61 15 7 4 1 3 181 283 42 33 101 67 4il9 34 67 5 443 138 28 8 1 4 97 IS 9 2 1 21 12 685 74 23 29 13 11 5 54 211 37 10 163 51 97 15 502 30 30 70 108 168 18 59 24 147 10 25 112 42 103 95 118 10 586 116 7 1 24 1 83 129 59 16 128 34 . 9* 51 190 15 5 16 58 13 10 13 3 237 56 44 78 62 8 31 29 17 110 45 11 403 109 264 30 3,943 127 126 1 129 123 292 36 12 12 18 62 52 33 259 7 36 216 53 193 119 204 12 876 227 11 11 12 3 190 244 56 359 45 314 183 90 4 77 124 9 13 9 1 604 44 101 112 13 30 31 31 25 303 90 21 61 8 353 39 38 1 40 84 199 10 7 14 5 9 53 18 58 1 15 42 18 94 67 144 3 603 118 6 7 10 2 94 22 58 7 129 15 114 20 115 2 37 41 2 4 10 2 516 38 53 49 7 36 6 21 5 10 120 974 90 2,857 842 1,757 258 10,090 1,269 1,264 6 2,148 6,026 381 245 1,027 221 806 635 207 2,616 222 376 2,019 913 4,187 3,563 3,158 365 40,095 2,763 134 S3 183 28 2,325 1,407 489 164 2,243 438 1,805 1,832 10,788 1,305 213 906 1,464 124 159 155 5,051 1,215 1,644 278 1,231 135 462 403 174 3,539 Se My Mh 885 Oc 1,1 Mh 277 Je 10,744 Mh3 Fe Ja Mh My Jy No 8 1,411 6 3,823 2,343 6,750 532 263 Se 232 Je 877 Mh 685 Se 216 Mh Ja Ap Ap Oc Mh Oc Mh 234 457 2,220 973 4,394 4,1 4,048 637 43,107 No No Ap Des Oc Au 197 93 192 32 2,414 1,789 ise 498 No 175 Ja Oc My Ap 465 1,996 12,008 Jy 1,358 Mh No Mh Fe Be My Je Mh No Ja 233 1,097 1,660 156 172 72 5,294 1,344 684 Mb Ap No Mh Ja Je Oc 322 1,437 147 645 473 190 4,124 Fe Ja 799 81 Jy 787 Jy 1,632 De 213 Mh 9, 589 Ja No 3 Au Cos No 1,760 1,921 4,379 Se 229 Au 227 Mys 38 Mh 213 No 721 De 575 Ap" 201 Oc Se3 Se Se No My Jy De Au 208 331 1,841 851 4,042 3,142 1,947 259 35,580 Ap Jy De Ja Jy 87 72 176 23 2,207 Ja 1,034 Ja 481 Fe 3 157 No Au 409 1,497 1,479 9,701 No 1,236 No Ja No Jy De No De3 Au Ja Se 196 754 1,334 103 130 62 4,786 1,135 630 Au De Jy De Au Ja Ja 244 936 121 128 348 149 3,287 977 2,1 857 1,768 267 9,812 1,251 1,246 3,273 2,263 6,656 624 253 225 744 608 211 2,561 216 388 1,967 1,044 4,301 3,360 3,482 259 41,064 2,779 126 88 180 31 2,354 1,505 486 174 2,459 427 2,032 1, 10,388 1,247 198 1,008 1,351 131 97 152 5,129 1,279 623 1,374 246 994 135 549 384 176 3,523 864 2,709 733 1,716 1,170 1,164 6 3,060 2,006 3,087 482 126 43 962 222 740 221 196 2,407 209 375 1,823 753 3,501 2,367 1,671 183 14,060 969 84 67 169 10 639 1,504 478 91 1,962 371 1,691 1, 10,294 1,106 , 198 1,002 1,342 118 97 116 62 4,508 586 456 1,221 244 842 135 499 381 175 2,459 112 164 118 41 5 10 152 240 3,429 42 124 4 387 5 130 2 122 797 1,891 76 26,200 1,784 42 21 11 21 434 51 91 141 13 22 140 2 33 569 646 162 151 151 984 45 ' Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. 664 24. Sl,640, 1S5 255,922 5,129,440 1,442,600 3,315,151 371,689 313,702,040 5,792,345 5,768,690 23,665 6,950,256 2,763,634 9,394,923 2,459,102 301,547 578,255 3,903,860 1,125,665 2,778,195 1,602,919 262,942 6,839,778 432,216 1,049,914 6,357,648 3,343,284 3,839,209 6,296,235 4,166,143 1,151,778 67,471,616 6,586,683 518,218 208,697 849,290 34,696 4,976,682 12,251,127 4,146,191 957,447 5,653,560 674,862 4,878,688 34,912,875 77,383,481 5,314,674 401,228 2,123,547 6,275,395 425,631 1,017,621 168,189 117,461 17,689,228 1,162,681 1,256,706 4,264,807 423,173 3,623,014 218,620 2,996,696 977,011 1,032,068 4,512,283J Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1055 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. ' POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric hoi"se- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments reports ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines .1 Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $133,381 19,580 424,464 118,849 276,985 28,630 1,349,596 189,519 188,479 1,040 250,486 164,165 255,857 49,770 10,000 5,650 131,217 27,490 103,727 66,540 366,335 16,253 67, 191 69,294 185,670 198,219 283,248 34,940 1,668,909 287,623 13,130 4,260 67,021 936 202,276 221,342 436,962 60,894 313,460 71,524 241,936 255,110 709,477 64,552 7,064 45,649 195,401 29,712 27,245 16,260 20,481 604,200 108,224 140,959 203,176 30,160 162,863 20,163 94,214 67,520 62,044 $55,314 11,235 620,792 160,953 424,942 44, 897 2,497,003 233,748 232,370 1,378 151,147 175,185 448,832 33, 159 14,246 10,121 88,281 16,870 71,411 102,751 31,639 247,076 6,800 61, 034 189,242 84,998 252,435 132,592 364,641 20,734 1,383,549 311,367 12, 187 19,857 17,123 3,536 258,664 '78,251 404,024 107,962 376,459 52,536 322,923 250,026 931,356 115,900 5,852 122,296 162, 471 9,148 22,736 11,037 1,793 1,042,096 58,921 139,180 136,038 23,756 80,310 30,972 50,961 42,890 41,706 432,820 $5%, 360 60,848 1,894,638 647,311 1, 192, 168 165, 169 5,926,803 839,214 834,653 4,661 2, 157, 555 1,324,879 2,697,122 249,379 125, 121 36,891 812,264 167,607 644,657 295,871 131,987 1,674,476 142,063 271,906 1,260,506 451, 035 2,643,273 1, 854, 477 1,856,594 178, 166 17,814,148 1,343,667 71,261 61,869 92, 790 7, 1, 109, 765 1, 175, 542 403, 717 88,963 1,456,764 291, 215 1, 165, 639 1,324,737 7,664,005 688,291 124,117 634,986 1,087,124 76,436 103,330 77,164 43,600 3, 872, 180 567, 823 398,120 938,267 160,510 683,086 94,671 649,510 301,873 130,767 1,940,089 367,359 16,897 13,763 3,134 107,844 707 707 14,332 30,213 909,397 1,605 1,028 11,475 1,638 9,837 16,547 3,734 5,232 2,528 1,618 26,708 68,887 288 1,617,666 19,124 900 271 17,953 5,289 56,244 78,704 11,137 67,567 1, 50,685 226 82,858 13,514 176,655 22,684 13,001 4,330 30 . 4,300 2,218 10,689 17,271 67,388 $62,247 10,570 252, 719 68,947 172,674 21,098 53,405 3,726 2,676 1,050 117,389 69,601 9,807 11,094 21,923 223, 682 7, 215, 68,379 31,232 106, 731 8,375 17,468 48, 319 264, 170 48,759 221,960 10, 602 376,071 139, 818 19, 772 6,516 1,000 2,126 110,405 146,756 43,450 20, 898 106,532 28,911 77, 621 69,960 10,405 6,620 13,585 21, 139 J ... 14,840 9,533 477,264 63, 558 80,088 63,759 8,558 43,646 11,556 67. 143 19. 144 3,695 220,336 $4,689 1,674 22,786 1,623 20,452 711 2,981,539 43,277 43,119 168 34,630 7,973 19,278 6,951 1,662 1,194 28, 635 7,173 21,362 3,966 430 30,613 5,526 3,566 21,521 6,701 2,450 20,213 8,147 7,911 288,574 27,887 649 184 4,220 10 22,824 135,562 22,837 4,675 29,685 2,002 27,683 158,536 288,348 17,546 2,198 6,138 30,600 4,,""- 3,325 17 111 12,043 2,154 4,355 23,796 2,486 20,185 1,126 1,317 6,635 11,344 10, 143 $565, 534 170,363 3,233,413 909,330 1,984,795 339,288 7,116,578 1,458,798 1,453,665 5,133 1,299,266 1,593,120 7,027,079 1,802,361 434,064 2,159,293 3,481,332 1,346,958 2,136,374 1,026,638 181,900 2,805,385 67,293 358, 163 2,379,929 2,632,329 5,367,769 3,407,917 5,835,719 177, 711 42,965,846 7,995,229 502,897 185)663 582,235 22, 040 6, 702; 404 526,772 2,680,092 358, 708 1,680,542 226,712 1,363,830 9,606,918 15,720,426 1,^95,446 168, 801 657,914 1,029,313 195, 866 225,436 199,674 33,848 11,001,742 676,647 784,271 1,771,649 193, 166 1,409,743 168, 740 3,488,121 265, 742 1,017,692 6,286,226 $38,545 12, 666 94, 812 26, 487 61, 165 7,160 14,443,208 56,133 65,885 385,661 56,061 53,340 139, 560 5,527 4,913 339,621 51,782 287,739 6,001 6,061 90,668 6,283 18,406 65,979 19,859 65,428 82,811 54, 557 17, 773 894,033 63, 115 7,609 1,080 18,449 1,691 34,486 1,140, 66, 166 6,929 .59,584 16,215 43,369 6,681,234 2,496,187 91,942 17,590 17, 351 250, 193 5,818 17, 799 4,813 2,714 100,093 13,671 16,764 38,492 7,068 26,339 6,046 13,928 21,867 13, 417 38,682 $1,945,004 305,160 7,703,371 2,169,753 4.826,498 707,125 52, 816„589 4, 096; 906 4,076,757 20, 149 5,156,714 4,361,798 12,845,284 2,483,254 703, 659 2,760,181 5,517,876 1,751,774 3,766,102 2,022,833 667,674 6,374,719 326, 723 941,318 5,106,678 3,715,267 10,946,900 6,637,380 10, 181, 893 413,887 78,229,235 10,907,901 718,096 306,372 933, 864 49,393 8,900,176 4,896,778 6,169,816 892,466 5,367,989 974, 029 4,393,960 18,485,638 32, 077, 767 2,952,047 370, 704 1,856,761 3, 570, 582 361, 278 411, 283 372, 838 127, 138 21,810,245 1,934,303 1,966,815 3,544,082 508,764 2,635,506 399, 813 4,703,762 979, 726 1,301,201 9,894,716 $1,340,925 122,241 4,376,146 1,233,936 2, 780, 633 360,677 31,256,803 2,681,976 2,667,207 14, 768 3,471,897 2,713,627 5,764,865 541,343 263,978 595,975 1,697,023 364,034 1,342,989 990,294 379,713 3,478,666 253, 147 564, 749 2,660,770 1,063,069 6,622,703 3,146,652 4,291,617 218,403 34,369,356 2,849,557 207,690 119, 639 333, 180 25, 762 2,163,286 3,229,311 3,524,557 526, 828 3,727,863 731, 102 2,996,761 2,198,486 13,861,144 1,664,660 184,313 1,181,496 2,291,076 159,595 168,048 168,351 90,576 10,708,410 1,245,078 1, 165, 780 1,733,941 308,540 1,199,373 226, 028 1,201,713 692, 117 270, 092 4,569,808 1,234 175 1,932 337 1,416 180 44,637 1,663 2,415 1, 1,098 2,082 77 160 4,076 1,231 2,845 27 4,123 200 699 3,224 720 2,388 1,111 1,141 41, 127 2,617 49 1,160 40 1,065 37, 746 3,003 174 1,681 438 1,243 97,749 149,462 3,102 293 1,302 6,253 533 500 102 66 2,146 624 501 1,558 155 1,270 133 452 1,302 593 672 665 100 740 665 76 42, 778 396 395 1,365 316 543 2,070 1 28 3,709 1,146 2,563 16 2,: 160 378 1,732 785 100 1,976 380 629 27,039 2 200 36 666 31,870 2,402 195 720 54,130 99.268 1,130 90 315 3,051 160 440 40 1,075 1,015 60 6 863 560 160 310 36 238 37 359 752 750 2 150 385 72 3 22 107 31 7 24 4 6 752 19 131 602 36 34 521 373 1 350 22 2,608 345 67 136 64 72 34,320 6,945 30 154 28 118 60 32 9 79 117 97 32 36 20 110 200 448 5,820 246 245 1,050 550 550 150 482 75 300 512 68 1,480 606 601 5 900 623 481 9 54 25 336 78 258 23 77 1,011 31 190 790 165 583 472 64 7,747 1,107 303 46 365 5 3,252 256 107 179 461 9,299 42,209 1,942 203 283 10 70 67 2,027 607 404 354 151 184 19 438 407 33 486 3,797 425 748 17 68 13 904 14 .... 15 1,162 303 859 622 12 510 353 58 76 9 60 6,526 101 101 3,076 742 749 40 709 5,012 350 460 1,406 526 423 423 165 250 71 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by Microsoft® 1056 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS raDUSTKT AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofa- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. "Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST BEFRESENTATIVE DAT. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE STATE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES-Continued. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime Liquors, distilled Alcohol Brandy and gin Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lithographing Loolring-glass and picture frames . . . Lubricating greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mitl products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Marble and stone work, other than slate. Roofing slate Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Embroideries Trimmed hats and hat frames . . Dress and cloak trimmings, braids and fringes. Women's neckwear AU other Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials. Brass and other metal Violins and other stringed in- struments. All other Musical instruments, organs Musical instruments^ pianos Musical instruments, piano and organ materials. Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes . . , Oil, essential Oil, linseed , Oil, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper exclusively Pulp exclusively Paper and pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Paper patterns Patent medicines and compounds. . . Paving materials Pens, fountain and stylographio . Pens, gold Perfumery and cosmetics Phonographs and graphophones Photo-engraving , Photographic apparatus Cameras and motion-picture ma- chines. All other apparatus and parts.... Photographic materials Pickles, preserv'cs, and sauces . Preserves Pickles and sauces Pipes, tobacco Plated ware Knives, forks, and spoons . AU other Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks 23 17 3 14 153 42 146 157 17 969 607 25 S51 546 6 196 1,308 429 380 178 113 208 612 23 55 140 16 26 61 7 30 24 16 103 41 6 5 6 37 70 105 150 76 18 56 95 13 566 54 22 9 159 24 107 16 91 20 21 7 14 5,920 348 743 646 97 11,956 397 7,614 1,513 170 7,852 13,821 658 6,118 6,035 2,544 31,725 7,634 10, 774 2,652 5,406 5,259 3,891 494 1,221 1,565 757 479 53 133 146 714 9,258 3,981 249 23 714 410 3,866 14,698 3,611 643 10,544 4,161 1,759 5,377 2,645 985 262 2,242 72 2,348 1,677 1,093 584 7,826 2,646 650 1,996 1,667 2,712 903 l,i 1, 929 612 219 1,566 605 462 214 134 251 670 16 56 143 2 13 56 73 57 39 16 2 49 5 365 27 19 6 106 3 49 16 9 102 9 93 22 13 3 10 33 49 136 14 17 5 12 687 37 26 228 713 46 311 307 4 105 720 188 258 84 77 113 163 34 47 42 35 14 2 6 7 21 276 94 10 6 33 49 138 211 421 180 17 224 178 26 604 87 34 16 141 6 144 62 19 243 87 28 59 13 59 28 31 262 12 45 20 26 ,408 69 30 136 61 323 321 2 159 2,071 476 718 206 414 267 379 28 76 10 11 502 83 4 1 106 139 430 643 491 88 21 382 382 306 920 96 231 16 324 17 368 120 103 17 1,001 219 67 152 29 232 104 128 84 61 13 4 9 97 14 225 42 29 39 253 74 71 3 66 1,244 227 476 126 243 173 82 5 31 60 2 13 244 37 35 29 264 187 159 60 7 92 188 566 794 21 173 13 417 2 87 54 16 22 37 11 181 92 5,360 310 658 617 41 9,826 250 6,503 1,152 74 533 4,798 4,728 70 1, 26,124 2,023 4,638 4,465 2,397 411 1,012 1,193 300 227 37 81 109 648 1,202 1,762 230 13 638 180 2,988 2,656 13,570 3,244 482 9,844 3,364 856 2,794 2,414 628 212 1,2M 44 1,710 1,436 924 511 5,991 2,179 524 1,655 1, 492' 2,227| 676 1,551 1,118 I 776 Fe 5,714 Ap 364 Je 672 No 68 Au 10,246 Oc 360 No Mh Ap My Se Fe 1,206 80 7, 12,199 662 Jy Se My 84 2,102 Mh 6, 897 Mh 11,279 Se 2,291 Oo Mh 5,257 4,821 Oc 3, 138 Ap 454 Mh (3) 1, 046 Mh 1,307 Ja Ap 861 311 42 Fes Je Fe 117 Fe 710 Mh 8,764 Mh 3,993 Mh Ja3 No Je Fe Ap 16 727 224 1,116 1,782 Mh Fe Je Mh Ja Oc No Mh 3,316 611 10,255 3,687 913 2,996 3,200 672 233 1,356 65 1,745 Fe Je Mh 549 6.340 Se 712 Oc 2,264 Mh 1,588 1 Owned power only. Ap Se Oc iludesn 871 1,927 1,156 i.oul Se De 6,056 202 Fe Fe Au My De- Jy8 De De 555 26 9,477 213 6,404 1, 71 5, 10,628 Fe 3,868 De Ja 47 1,874 Je Je Jy Ja Se Jy No Se My 5,368 6,678 1, 3,902 4,106 2,209 370 974 1,< 445 Au Se Au Se Jy 7,160 3,496 De 196 Mys 11 Jy 310 Ja 143 Jy 2,824 De 2,511 No Au Au De Ja Je 3,152 3,092 799 2,486 Fe 1, 149 Se 505 De 194 Ja 1, 136 Fe Se 1,673 Be Ja De 781 462 5,399 Ja My 1, De 1, Je Jy Ja De 361 5)0 1,189, 1,014 637 6,697 333 732 667 65 9,809 6,604 1,167 73 8,406 11,273 667 .4,686 4,604 2,000 22,787 6,519 8,816 2,001 951 4,501 2,585 422 1,028 1,149 590 314 226 36 86 104 663 8,366 3,652 196 15 681 201 3,117 2,638 13,633 3,297 533 9,803 3,191 836 3,009 2,661 526 196 1,207 64 1,733 1,261 786 476 5,401 2,275 610 1,666 1,360 2,369 780 1,579 1,154 637 Digitized by IVUcMM 1,125 4291 power, other than electric. 6,644 333 722 662 60 9,756 5,552 1,077 11,220 •664 4,641 4,660 81 1,463 6,963 1,794 3,406 419 736 2,470 690 238 218 35 84 99 604 8,177 3,121 194 2,335 13,120 2,993 633 9,594 1,940 205 1,561 2,659 460 170 62 1,673 985 396 3,791 1,111 344 767 1,091 1,836; 622 1,214 45 8 10 5 6 22 31 29 1,036 14 2 7S 11 1 6 28 29 43 10 2 1 40 5 39 5 1 474 51 12 15,391 111 322 4,653 33 139 5,303 63 43 1,362 S 33 486 3 44 3,698 4 63 106 10 21 9 136 7 4 71 5 7 1 1 2 4 1 40 8 1 124 .56 426 96 U 113 3 3 1 1 7 713 62 7 266 1 3 512 1 303 1 209 1,228 6 18 629 1 1 1,441 9 8 2 R") 1 26 1 722 3 13 2 45 15 268 lil S 196 1 62 12 5 1,698 10 2 1,162 2 266 896 2 249 fl 14 617 ^ 2 157 1 360 3 2 29 201 4 3 $27,064,638 880,278 2,883,027 2,020,730 872,2W 153,511,510 3,210,060 15,241,409 1,892,349 571,440 17,945,179 36,721,627 11,762,524 12,569,981 12,470,388 99,593 3,111,776 31,286,602 9,341,419 9,993,918 2,242,454 4,717,582 4,991,229 8,764,298 6,663,491 2,550,186 1,996,817 1,704,343 1,760,827 474,098 77,432 207,221 189,445 1,725,517 30,667,647 8,660,567 395,473 74,965 15,024,994 1,344,524 7,286,615 19,124,046 110,846,303 15,548,019 5,046,945 90,251,339 9,460,016 2,022,969 15,152,807 9,207,749 1,705,283 382,216 4,185,364 220,178 1,762,603 2,593,834 1,678,416 915,418 29.373,366 5,569.658 1,140,054 4,419,604 1,330,472 6,771,345 3,066,715 2,704,630 3,852,442 742,618 NEW YORK OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1057 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Olficials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power.. Total. Steam en- gines.i Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THB STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $474,128 22,159 64,616 31,682 33,034 3,304,239 88,067 892,247 133,385 45,303 316,733 1,359,717 200,604 640,232 633,254 590,133 125,522 201,023 218,699 336,421 63,665 73,881 182,268 68,658 76,678 23,062 3,892 12,080 7,090 39,004 1,038,286 341,301 22,770 12.913 130,698 162,306 404,437 716,116 1,251,551 436,677 31,613 783,261 484,308 103,563 1,657,943 229, 793 72,690 31,748 493,524 15,400 374, 101 178,420 113,246 65,174 708,470 240,096 85,730 154,366 33,087 173,554 84,442 89, 112 169,008 31,725 $319,850 $2,955,163 11,236 88,803 14,400 74,403 2,251,976 116,693 932, 186 123,243 44,989 124,663 955,488 102,165 375,143 372,401 2,742 193,728 3,008,976 595, 831 1,020,114 261,365 745,854 385,812 417,045 24, 194 94,230 115, 162 41,607 87,168 14, 147 3,094 10,277 776 15,091 730,552 118,331 5,631 600 317,326 203,761 626,253 1,118,950 740,202 143,362 25,536 571,304 595,926 609,150 1,417,004 130,589 242, 669 27,818 733,314 13,675 429,714 134,756 34,788 1,694,676 353,236 85,590 267,646 34,677 376,180 187,535 188,645 158,163 84,065 82101°— 18- 149,400 492,286 467,733 24,553 8,742,483 127,050 5,097,711 681,624 41,001 3,279,658 7,633,556 503,051 4,140,544 4,104,596 35,948 1,191,732 12,889,797 3,156,397 5,032,919 878, 477 2,019,770 1, 802, 234 1,609,139 258,917 634, 417 753, 113 453,908 159,782 135,749 24,523 44,886 66,340 408,026 5,509,675 2,058,109 91,826 8,698 377,695 106,082 1,824,294 1,734,975 8,576,820 2,001,194 294,441 6,281,185 1,674,315 455,325 1,529,633 1,324,438 340, 706 148, 955 600,494 33,690 1,809,825 890,180 303,887 3,871,613 1,066,769 313,869 752,900 776, 259 1,292,400 458,667 833,733 700,802 408,793 -67 $424,200 1,000 142,447 142, 247 200 388/542 3,601 449,520 1,649,710 365,412 2,539 630,522 630,246 276 29,890 1,585,878 1,094,384 60,819 63,826 121,470 245,379 6,160 7,336 11,250 14,226 720 1,735 1,735 4,213 267,678 7,731 16,978 • 1,500 10,242 5,619 4^740 41,829 6,029 1,500 34,300 55,825 126,735 100,008 293 651 68,584 47,777 46,150 1,627 3,958 250 3,708 3,066 2,8" 2,6 30O 3,418 19,995 $100,482 2,310 255,310 233,450 21,860 227, 306 8,055 544,007 156,923 10,634 67,684 353,054 23,390 253,460 249,809 3,651 188,592 1,889,833 401, 696 758, 482 171, 893 284,655 273, 107 241,218 17,374 75,328 144,748 8,716 14,161 35,966 5,270 17,660 13,036 8,158 527,379 154,604 4,143 950 1,200 34,185 64,386 149,746 165,962 76,163 55,507 34,292 184,187 44,556 393,052 54,982 32,773 14,551 218,096 12,367 165,662 54,350 39,751 14,599 16,030 133, 342 26,173 107,169 30, 136 32,519 5,300 27,219 88,090 34,171 $78, 718 4,401 9,379,741 9,332,338 47,403 15,863,593 45,347 61,067 5,410 3,019 128,624 194,854 79,419 73,969 73,361 7,149 43,478 21, 194 9,688 2,194 4,027 6,375 45,018 10, 896 8,345 5,002 6,302 14,009 2,645 43 1,769 6,162 100,599 25,927 1,735 139 46,656 6,059 28,926 127,243 671,460 80,076 18,935 472, 449 183,021 14,349 131,255 44,029 2,295 1,279 49,158 141 3,821 7,— 4,668 3,023 238,449 31,356 7,642 23,714 3,852 17, 211 7,584 9,627 12,369 685 'Same $27,558,748 $353,52^ 84,852 4,256,771 3,947,385 309,386 22,325,730 770,320 103,839 225,198 218,825 6,373 2,169,029 7,375 5,663,208 1,121,249 512,822 4,696,406 21,040,798 166,964 21,572 5,216 100,182 411,816 10,114,739 270,865 4,797,650 4,744,709 231,738 228,959 52,941 3,799,976 36,903,785 5,966,785 15,237,111 3,755,833 2,779 51,294 351,660 88,361 132,327 32,003 6,054,143 5,889,913 46,061 52,908 3,802,882 382, 181 1,807,289 884,572 - 117,589 54,590 32,663 38,940 808,133 1,014,938 31,754 29,373 177,769 14,613 59,403 6,820 1,719 2,395 103,753 427, 292 11,896,519 3,174,729 2,706 11,922 165,847 79,489 98,987 126,422 14,008,183 1,923,748 1,637,647 13,559,166 3,289 5,513 113,316 18,074 74,525 263,658 31,888,382 7,971,734 1,095,465 22,821,183 7,007,285 428,973 8,487,279 4,042,077 1,024,746 76,776 2,940,555 156,470 16,935 104,594 1,221,605 746,414 260,790 3,496,619 214,049 12,686 4,377 19,111 54,694 845,099 1,101,661 895,720 3,163 66,974 29,850 21,390 205,941 8,460 8,442,511 6,061,519 2,340,564 3,720,955 1,564,200 1,752,408 538,536 J, 213, 872 229,865 74,078 27,571 46,507 32,562 59,840 19,068 40,772 2,665,230 55,365 1,184,418 ^t'h $36,018,342 502,647 15,492,582 14,886,310 606,272 85,673,426 1,694,834 16,958,785 2,778,659 802,934 12,740,594 36,449,837 12,380,622 13,324,209 13,199,354 124,855 6,496,972 •72,328,556 15, 007, 114 27,912,513 6,285,539 11,921,350 11,202,040 9,038,767 1,074,569 3,166,982 3,073,016 1,649,744 1,874,483 635,931 77,989 309,340 248,602 1,260,311 24,406,261 7,405,209 306,868 170,551 16,686,597 2,664,911 5, 692, 173 22,425,958 56,335,681 13,971,960 1,725,514 40,638,207 12,648,049 1,996,812 25,650,716 3,965,431 4,595,404 573,814 7,289,251 160,603 4,256,431 3,062,778 2,251,948 810,830 32,111,561 9,675,193 3, 163, 502 6,611,691 2,689,133 4,611,100 1,687,032 2,924,068 4,381,635 $8,106,071 313,956 11,010,613 10, 720, 100 290,513 61,178,667 917, 139 11,128,613 1,635,838 284,896 7,944,006 14,997,223 1,995,018 8,294,821 8,225,686 69, 135 2,645,702 35,073,111 8,951,968 12,543,075 2,497,703 5,821,146 5,259,219 5,118,296 637, 798 l,327,r- 2, 149, 504 809,857 830,172 451,342 61, 657 247,542 142, 143 821,097 12,343,895 4,150,991 204,592 38, 616 2,565.098 723, 089 3,980,001 8,603,134 20,405,222 4,975,480 553,273 14,876,469 5,484,294 1,550,904 17,058,843 2,529,777 3,836,304 308,647 3,773,521 102,746 3,344,358 1,931,267 1,334,838 596,429 23,439,185 3,539,596 795,367 2,744,229 1,092,371 2,798,852 1, 129, 428 1,669,424 1,661,040 905, 20,039 720 5,781 5,225 556 65, 362 433 6,007 714 262 56,930 47,356 7,403 15,403 15,218 185 1,825 6,758 2,930 1,575 660 632 1,059 3,037 6,259 1,189 1,152 759 192 34 70 416 6,565 4,546 187 120 5,147 2 I 12^234 392,268 61, 148 35,919 306,201 6,841 167 3,209 17,560 202 100 646 630 795 407 388 13,841 538 1,391 696 3,085 1,578 1,507 15, 252 642 5,511 6,215 296 60,867 325 3,180 473 102 38,819 33,776 2,129 8,107 7,940 167 490 2,158 1,500 168 ^ 50 30 408 977 855 529 324 275 327 30 30 4,526 150 120 1,426 537 95 7,066 83,027 28,905 600 53, 522 4,878 100 1,719 12,842 160 40 400 100 300 11,620 907 300 607 450 1,751 1,431 320 1,410 80 1,080 6 177 177 736 65 319 64 10 2,324 3,292 26 2,242 2,229 13 225 332 20 147 87 15 63 204 265 176 121 102 22 24 58 20 320 63 115 2,902 328 150 62 118 333 456 403 35 22 34 18 37 22 15 163 295 149 148 95 19 19 219 4 545 25 13,947 2,279 275 240 240 50 500 500 33 ,105 76 63 30 250 260 278,795 19,220 34, 112 225,483 765 50 200 3,162 47 93 10 83 3,760 40 2,i 187 150 1,840 8,009 4,974 4,814 6 1,060 3,768 910 1,260 523 487 588 1,S19 1,096 320 695 366 60 12 16 37 3,356 156 2,786 2,008 30,118 2,873 1,146 26,100 875 57 1,032 4,285 167 78 450 28 611 358 285 73 2,058 727 89 638 151 1,316 147 1,168 550 52 5,918 5 1,493 1,485 8 16,477 3 2,927 81 1,792 6,568 617 3,675 3,675 100 3.58 204 30 37 22 65 326 150 109 7 48 198 35 35 2,006 1,244 30 10 1,200 20 3 2,220 33,690 4,329 1,378 27,883 2,887 670 1,019 204 9,929 298 470 834 762 72 273 82 27 67 1058 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOB THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAQEB IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. IS, OB NEAREST BEFBESENTATTVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing . . Book publishing without printmg Linotype work and typesetting Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing Publishing without printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pulp goods Pumps, not including power pumps Pumps, steam and other power Steam pumps , Other power Refrigerators , Regalia and society badges and emblems. Roofing materials Metal shingles and ceilings All other Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Safes and vaults Salt .': Sand and emery paper and cloth Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Canned ' All other Scales and balances. Screws, machine Sewing machines and attachments.. Sewing machines Attachments Shipbuilding, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buUding. New vessels Repair work only Small boats Masts, spars, oars, and rigging . . . Shirts Show oases Signs and advertising novelties . . Electric.signs Signs other than electric Advertising novelties Silk goods, including throwsters . Finished products Throwsters and winders SHversmithing and silverware Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soda-water apparatus Sporting and athletic goods C:Sj steel, car and carriage, not ein steelworks or rolling mills. Carriage and railway All other Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stamped ware Enameled ware Stationery goods, not elsewhere spec- ified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- wator heating apparatus. Radiators and cast-iron heating boilers. All other 2,3 2,075 33 229 32 73 14 59 1,717 137 779 801 21 15 45 246 26 3 153 5 148 16 13 6 15 10 6 11 196 49 34 105 8 270 21 272 15 213 44 143 117 184 17 65 24 45 35,323 29,594 2,1 — 3,295 348 1,019 501 518 45, 171 21,049 12,913 11,209 228 412 3S2 2,004 798 1,206 773 220 479 47 432 4,161 1,214 261 1,659 244 18 621 295 659 133 222 207 15 3,222 3,510 1,438 1,561 485 26 18,463 405 3,127 323 1,643 1,161 12,669 10, 025 2,644 979 8,077 4,345 177 996 441 94 347 7,721 4,771 2,950 2,106 6,010 4 2,217 2,023 17 142 35 54 11 43 1,197 57 618 522 14 5 13 3 1 2 17 47 5 24 264 11 2 177 5 172 13 3 10 7 3 6 218 31 115 344 18 219 35 109 85 24 28 180 26 43 20 44 1,592 S7 305 27 73 14 59 2,426 595 668 1,163 19 13 19 58 26 32 34 12 56 10 104 55 27 21 1 241 23 141 22 76 43 234 195 39 42 212 13 134 14 25 31 11 20 177 155 22 79 18 150 3,443 1,532 329 1,578 4 25 278 13,778 6,524 2,161 ~5,093 27 33 20 54 5 49 311 61 80 69 45 149 115 853 16 197 25 79 93 492 441 61 125 1,145 49 565 15 27 18 10 559 299 260 168 697 452 2,271 904 98 1,263 6 152 14 138 7,681 2,343 1,126 4,212 35 3 32 103 582 9 135 18 52 65 175 155 20 22 295 19 435 10 19 10 4 6 256 201 55 10 248 181 1 Owned power only. 1, MgjtizBdJbye'MLmisottm 25,800 23,932 1,585 7 276 437 437 20,089 11,530 8,340 219 160 347 315 1,562 664 898 656 141 348 34 314 3,633 818 155 1,510 182 13 383 228 516 113 154 143 11 3,023 3,053 1,271 1,438 327 17 16,443 339 2,392 250 1,217 925 11,659 9,149 2,510 762 6,245 316 3,168 118 881 375 306 6,706 4,093 2,613 1,712 734 4,898 3j562 Mh Ja Se Ja' 25,226 1,758 10 283 Ap 448 De De Fe 00 Fe Ap 11,809 8,497 282 170 402 337 Ja My De 706 945 764 147 Mh No My Ja Fe Se Ap3 44 378 3,973 914 173 1,644 189 Au De» Mh Fe My 15 393 262 555 132 My Ja Ap Je Fe Fe 1,571 1,649 417 22 18,027 365 Oc My Se 281 1,281 1,065 Se Jy Oc Ja My My Ap No 9,453 2,609 811 6,464 344 3,274 127 977 Au Ap 335 Jy Mh Mh 4,310 2,895 1,774 777 Mh 3,965 Jy 22. Oc 1, Jy 5 De a 270 Jy 424 Au 00 Au No No 11,304 8,121 170 153 281 290 Np De Au Ap 577 846 432 135 Se Fe De Jy Fe Oc 28 211 2,984 767 136 1,301 170 Fes Jy s Oc Au De 183 478 94 Ja 171 An 81 My a 13 De 8 My 3,511 Oc 2,659 De Au No De Au De 1,049 1,211 004 '10 14,692 307 Jy De Ja 237 1,081 787 De De Jy Se Au J7 Oc Jy 8,302 2,396 700 6,113 283 2,971 112 815 Ja No 54 262 No Au Au My 3,830 2,410 1,584 694 Se Oc 3,176 1,254 3,585 1,284 2 Includes rented power, other than electric 25,-780 23,944 1,660 6 270 438 438 20,697 11, 814 8,706 177 161 298 299 1,451 607 844 609 147 353 35 318 3,107 805 139 1,487 179 407 196 101 150 138 12 2,877 2,885 1,133 1,439 298 15 17,014 311 2,323 248 1,120 955 11, 495 8,907 2,588 780 6,219 340 3,164 116 913 346 78 268 6,359 3,8'9 2,480 1,680 791 4j931 3,619 1,312 20,725 19,626 850 1 248 367 367 17,634 10,278 7,294 62 154 264 298 1,449 605 844 607 54 362 35 317 2,178 765 137 1,365 176 404 13 391 178 533 101 150 138 12 2,874 2,881 1,131 1,438 297 15 4,406 295 1,825 243 983 599 5,126 3,848 1,278 738 6,028 2,445 115 653 346 78 268 6,390 3,264 2,136 707 782 4,731 4,005 701 5 20 2,759 1,357 1,29!^ 110 6 34 1 2 I 2 87 37 1 122 3 2 12, 402 16 478 4 126 349 6,026 4,764 1,261 37 185 1 708 1 356 903 592 311 939 4 29 2 27 284 275 7 285 17 18 1 11 6 163 131 22 5 6 23 189 1 1 191 164 27 $62,307,813 39,100,207 4,654,385 17,991,973 561,248 1,944,748 758, 721 1,186,027 97,641,233 47,342,884 25,635,466 24,662,903 502,030 1,606,816 911, 137 6,351,045 2,371,749 3,979,296 1,568,248 165,408 1,889,833 54,276 1,835,657 9,700,399 2,355,067 585,973 13,907,851 1,476,— 1,033,661 8,710 1,024,961 969,283 880,966 248,365 641,063 616,298 24,765 10,692,514 7,306,380 2,868,729 3,272,130 1,114,630 50,891 21,353,103 354,597 3,553,122 390,644 1,667,692 1,594,786 21,363,281 17,506,361 3,856,920 2,443,618 44,962,008 3,188,449 27,889,763 671,229 1,163,861 536,011 127,083 408,928 17,006,039 10,695,567 6,309,472 2,547,919 1,087,433 19,012,881 13,581,404 5,431,4771 NEW YORK. OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1059 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added hy manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments re_port- OfScials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- hus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 187,629 35,260 152,369 8,532,440 35,595 51, 121 237,273 129,772 107,501 96,649 21,978 73,710 4,612 69,098 370,583 63,332 23,936 160,594 20,471 12,081 12,081 39,322 72,231 18,144 , 22,333 . 20,083 ' 2,260 183,334 244,145 114,365 90,375 37,110 2,296 525,876 54,338 318,292 48,463 144,710 125,119 621,629 636,944 84.685 114,668 783,003 34,969 618,544 21,961 45,515 69,399 18,050 51,349 615,654 413,440 102,214 207,689 44,818 601,608 15,077,476 2,263,044 442,223 2,366,557 5,652 437,696 23,640 414,056 21,666,695 10,390,853 2,902,596 8,373,246 40,940 41,741 33,819 406,876 171,430 236,446 53,279 11,917 93,841 5,563 88,278 465,566 92,535 77,668 109,923 86,084 39,503 39,503 34,144 75,167 5,226 51,363 51,363 183,547 147,021 57, 793 72,207 17,021 1,240,920 22,371 255,612 33,320 116,036 106, 156 684,292 680, 468 103,834 137,607 1,621,192 84,711 784,843 16,807 32,294 19,599 5,867 13,732 759,372 514,424 244,948 288,922 46, 660 1,096,809 760,738 336,071 $18,927, 17,691, 939, 3, 292,426 304, 304, $7,496,334 1,068,318 221,562 6,205,640 814 675,637 18,441,725 11,754,2 6,482,2 205, 133, 180, 183, 1,005, 470, S35, 413, 67, 246,259 25,941 220,318 ,886,569 616, 802 816,311 77,729 303,378 9,173 294,205 147,500 309,312 65,821 110,493 103,271 7,222. 2,478,255 2,492,803 849, 630 1,400,967 221, 714 20, 492 6, 595, 459 197,299 1,478,668 216, 786 770,228 491,655 4,966,625 4,371,476 696, 149 532,261 4,610,260 213,186 1,784,781 78,045 527,136 251,466 47,842 203,614 3,572,321 2,258,960 1,313,361 798, 414 616,411 3,364,844 2,503,141 861,703 675,637 3,688,375 850,485 407,035 2,330,865 . 1,783 36,715 10,648 $2,651,727 2,200,771 100,609 328,710 ?1,637 131,482 37,444 94,038 2,422,961 1,067,479 621,210 834,272 26,821 4,007 3,612 21,345 13,000 8,345 32,320 15,860 13,489 150 13,339 24,173 1,652 563 '425 426 500 3,467 508 86,620 40,692 9,835 28,007 2,350 400 4,574,793 3,120 87,625 26,770 26,700 34, 155 1,041,562 802, 407 239, 156 7,071 41,913 815 1,150 11,094 163 163 11,671 8,141 3,530 10,144 7,347 18,382 1,800 16,582 14,613 4,264 10,349 50,735 83,748 1,200 1,038 2,215 47,175 1,' 46,295 6,875 29,465 S,250 8,740 6,060 2,680 38,975 112,202 24,985 67,666 15,793 3,768 464,641 182,687 28,084 117,572 37,031 288,946 248,786 40,160 46,228 340,025 ■ 8,866 60,031 14,310 27,413 33,020 6,550 26,470 133,891 133,291 600 100,691 43,473 104,926 4,140 100,786 $183,088 117,943 26,922 37,871 352 7,044 994 6,050 458,920 272, 131 119,620 67, 169 1,366 9,406 3,612 30,282 11,363 « 18,919 11,369 379 8,155 302 7,853 49,796 13,282 2,947 42,557 7,966 6,736 6,735 5,652 6,185 1,642 1,137 772 366 59,697 53,301 18,161 29,494 5,627 19 30,670 11,344 788 5,611 4,945 68,493 56,369 12,124 9,134 241,310 4,867 181,688 1,547 3,464 6,900 718 6,182 82,294 52,713 29,581 8,378 4,484 97,761 86,512 11,249 $19,796,698 16,372,508 1,438,062 1,943,674 42,454 578,021 523,708 54,313 34,371,969 19,431,451 7,580,174 7,360,334 277,999 339, 479 1,385,530 626, 195 759,336 863,010 160,557 1,062,410 71, 193 991,217 4,483,638 1,319,886 116,896 944,754 914,698 2,881,747 35,769 2,845,978 265,782 324,535 70,913 72,323 66,216 6,107 2,161,352 2,793,429 1,368,477 1,""."" 292,037 33,827 22,344,385 321,994 1,970,372 271,935 940, 422 768,016 16,463,632 12,559,305 3,904,227 897,420 126,704,702 8,923,760 19,466,946 . 247,644 964,640 345,030 42,212 302,818 7,489,275 6,199,484 2,289,791 2,591,188 339, 112 5,640,645 2,770,0C§ $878,431 823,213 40,057 2,994 12,167 10,103 8,634 1,' 551,915 332,408 6,306 6,829 47,-*19 9,472 69,761 24,062 45,709 10, 179 2,833 27,532 1,577 25,965 202,536 34,333 5,028 420,706 13,684 54,907 1,118 63,789 17,185 14,329 5,100 5,452 4,859 593 128,993 89,004 32,973 46,161 9,818 62 194, 696 6,261 44,204 4,019 24,672 15,513 272, 689 190,669 82,130 26,532 577,031 59,630 412,438 6,885 17,356 34,894 5,293 29,601 348,973 143,195 206, 778 26,227 15,332 326,^55 $78,841,261 53,658,866 4,575,297 20,050,553 556,545 3,631,522 1,099,944 2,531,578 137,7*3,880 63,049,068 26,667,785 48,137,007 697,147 965,678 697,909 4,047,062 1,966,637 2,080,415 1,709,S28 358,651 1,852,314 164,002 1,688,312 10,228,445 2,675,392 568,104 3,553,638 1,396,705 3,869,497 57,250 3,812,247 690,952 999,784 198,846 343, 721 314,033 29,688 6,836,156 7,360,142 3,012,656 3,606,205 768,996 73,286 41,257,891 758,844 6, 662, 184 679,395 2,889,605 2,093,184 29,260,763 23, 740, 100 5,620,663 2,264,112 144,236,162 10,264,454 27,526,199 512,402 1,920,945 961,718 144,876 816,842 16,496,087 10,271,086 5,226,001 4,690,225 1,'562,394 13,096,819 $68,166,132 36,463,145 3,097,178 18,103,885 501,924 3,043,398 367,602 2,475,796 102,491,273 43,065,702 18,656,203 40,770,368 412,319 418,926 348,958 2,591,761 1,316,390 1,275,371 836,639 206,261 762,372 91,232 671,140 5,642,271 1,321,173 436,180 2,188,179 468,323 20,363 912,480 407, 986 660,920 122,833 266,946 242,958 22,988 4,544,811 4,477,709 1,611,205 2,359,966 467, 141 39,397 18,718,810 430,589 3,647,608 403, 441 1,924,611 1,319,656 12, 324, 542 10,990,236 1,534,306 1,340,160 16,954,429 1,281,064 7,656,815 237, 873 949,060 581,794 97,371 484, 423 7,657,839 4,928,407 2, 729, 432 2,072,810 1,197,930 7,130,719 4,767,3 '0§Qfi 24,619 23,005 1,465 19 130 306 299 7 29,784 17,928 11,607 232 1,669 603 3,007 668 2,339 972 30 650 29 621 11,916 731 155 6,540 635 1,564 1,525 947 627 260 160 145 16 9,728 7,9 2,707 4,423 767 39 5,055 427 1,506 43 990 470 14,707 8,503 6,204 942 16,189 746 8,744 131 644 211 481 7,073 4,836 2,217 291 Y,761 3,331 2,516 815 4,854 3,526 1,228 100 120 260 127 2,036 600 1,436 600 569 6,713 63 123 6,287 375 157 157 636 350 70 85 85 2,850 i, 1,964 2,681 142 12 2,399 226 918 650 368 8,221 5,131 3,090 570 10,916 310 8,201 136 240 40 200 3,385 1,390 1,-- 215 125 1,203 280 926 1,566 1,547 14 1,703 277 1,426 109 131 10 20 20 114 80 60 5 142 53 7 140 41 38 3 260 352 311 273 7 431 136 1 55 10 968 768 200 817 4 137 20 85 77 72 5 131 131 40 2 382 102 449 9 440 725 271 35 35 678 78 20 20 580 30 1,330 860 190 40 150 45 45 19,680 18,913 623 19 125 306 299 7 22,778 14, 116 8,513 149 44 678 33 835 241 20 61 29 3e 4,308 386 30 115 160 1,260 34 1,226 259 270 50 34 22 12 6,618 2,284 401 1,531 352 ' Same number reported for one or mfcre other months. 1,645 491 44 356 92 4,188 1,754 2,434 279 4,453 432 406 111 423 185 69 126 3,312 3,090 222 438 164 6,164 5,164 1,010 2,290 2,14 143 3,413 2,606 792 15 6 45 2,064 45 2,009 55 103 103 3,262 138 32 125 20 119 2,484 2,119 365 498 3,446 130 6,114 16 1,487 1,015 472 40 524 13 611 1060 MANtl^FACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTOtSTKY AND CITY. a a :§ 1 s o hi PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRYj WAGE EARNERS DEC. IB, OR NEAREST REPREaENTATTVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofa- cers, super- m- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimnm month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contmued. Steam packing Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping. Stoves and hot-air furnaces Stoves and ranges , Hot-air furnaces Stoves, gas and oil Structural iroi^work, not made in steelworks or rolling mills. Sugar, refining. . . ; Surgical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic wv ven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Smoking _ Chewing, snuff, and all other Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Cigars Cigarettes B oth cigars and cigarettes ...... Tools, not elsewhere specified Shovels, spades, scoops, and car- " penters'^and maclunists' tools. All,other Toys and ggmes Trunks and valises Type founding Typewriters and supplies. Typewriters CarDon paper Ribbon All other Umbrellas and canes Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified. Imitation leather, leatheroid, and excelsior. All other Varnishes Vault lights and ventilators Vinegar and cider Vinegar Cider Wall paper, not made in paper mills. - Wall plaster Washmg machines and clothes wring- ers. Watch and clock materials Watchcases Wheelbarrows Whips Window and door screens and weath- er strips. Window shades and fixtures Whe Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere speoifled. Wood carpet Wood distillation, not including tur- pentine and rosin. Wood preserving Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- Wool pulling Wool shoddy Woolen and worsted goods.. All other industries * 33 21 51 894 171 1,433 19 19 31 46 15 73 114 12 190 53 6 42 662 119 1,097 32 21 11 15 362 2,948 2,012 936 630 9,386 4 4 13 292 103 76 27 18 455 239 153 86 60 858 66 42 24 24 155 2,536 1,741 795 515 7,626 5 76 5,564 684 3 56 75 50 545 58 42 78 4,899 442 87 1,510 105 46 132 78 1,149 62 73 51 22 4,951 509 413 96 31 69 50 19 110 20 12 8 255 36 24 12 85 6 3 3 4,470 378 324 54 2,708 2,654 124 20 100 21 36, 195 28,201 7,861 133 1,421 549 2,982 2,852 109 21 97 17 547 433 109 5 73 26 2,034 1,103 921 10 55 19 521 288 231 2 39 18 30,111 23,525 6,491 95 1,157 469 79 872 80 47 36 21 688 97 149 6 61 32 13 6 10 2,202 2,846 41 5,126 4,533 295 139 159 75 155 4 29 15 6 4 4 98 103 3 168 108 36 13 11 77 177 1 275 203 41 25 6 69 71 3 208 151 43 9 6 1,883 2,340 30 4,446 4,056 169 88 133 146 27 2,073 707 173 23 76 34 182 62 76 27 1,567 561 21 463 19 17 42 21 364 6 46 ■ 14 244 1,654 302 4 30 9 17 121 19 20 452 20 6 156 9 197 795 245 189 50 139 11 29 8 649 322 327 1,816 1,904 141 202 49 153 5 5 46 27 19 46 74 9 21 7 14 221 162 11 18 7 11 35 35 7 362 232 130 1,513 1,628 109 5 13 4 1 1 7 13 6 5 13 849 74 45 554 9 4 4 9 26 4 3 19 39 9 4 41 19 1 1 19 756 56 33 466 106 6 100 1,339 1,499 1,739 109 1 95 39 19 98 149 83 95 36 12 51 1,006 1,384 1,400 6 192 4 6 12 4 166 19 510 7 35 23 7 438 5 139 47 114 920 425 "'i57 42 13 39 21 8 12 23 11 6 14 82 706 325 3 11 32 192 30 323 7,211 27,599 3 8 20 112 4 17 90 750 ii 164 1,916 1 4 46 408 22 283 6,892 24,413 Fe» 1 Au 122 Fe 1,118 Mh Mh Jy Je Mh 649 8,314 5,556 464 Jy 1,197 Je 4, 787 No 369 ,Ta 287 Au 59 De3 53 Oc 24,081 Au '23,070 .la 6,942 De 5,453 Au 111 Se 60 Fe Mh Ja ■ Je Mhs My Ap No Je No Mh De Oo 735 Oc 2,618 Aps 2,432 Mh 34 5,399 178 99 145 Mh 1,719 383 231 836 280 No No Ja Au My» m Ap Je Ap No Mh Oo Oc Ja My ^ My 478 440 1,812 1,738 115 596 1,045 1,476 1,464 101 777 367 27 307 Au Mh3 488 117 1,073 Ja Au Ty Mh Ja Ses Ja De 1,157 733 279 6,915 3,766 429 1,081 3,913 No No Ja De Oc 1,143 2,163 24 Se De De Jy 00 8 Jys Au Fe Ja My Au No No (0 De Des Se Oo J7 De Je' Fe Jy Fe Jy No My Se De 1,676 158 79 120 No 1,406 338 180 769 217 162 35 1,032 1,488 100 660 49 27 364 906 1,305 1,365 62 658 274 16 265 6,005 739 121 1,073 2,588 1,851 737 529 7,961 4,967 430 1,149 4,097 393 241 152 29, 844 23, 934 5,812 98 1,128 471 657 1,976 2,307 34 3,894 3,528 169 81 126 1,606 615 224 786 275 724 349 375 1,804 1,577 109 658 49 30 415 1, 1,305 1,411 138 556 92 748 337 18 306 6,942 667 108 1,044 2,588 1,851 737 525 7,949 4,708 151 546 3,399 202 121 81 14, 252 12,421 1,755 76 1,092 469 1,121 2,077 33 3,367 3,144 134 42 47 607 358 149 742 275 710 336 374 1,543 1,556 109 572 45 19 395 832 1,231 1, — 138 556 92 722 18 260 3,498 259 274 678 184 117 67 15,313 11,280 4,012 21 32 2 30 781 210 1 509 373 22 39 75 787 104 33 71 37 258 21 11 15 199 73 166 3,313 113 78 63 *A11 other industries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts 3 Aluminum ware 8 Ammunition 3 Baking powders and yeast 28 Bells 2 Belting and hose, rubber 2 Belting and hose, woven 7 Billiard tables and materials 22 Bone, carbon, and lamp black. 1 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Butter, reworking 1 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies.. . 1 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines - 5 Coke, not including gas-house coke 2 Explosives- 3 ^ Owned powi Digitized by M/crosG>## Firearms 7 Fireworks Fuel, manufactured 1 Glucose 3 Graphite, ground and refined 2 Haircloth 3 Hardware, saddlery 3 rented power, other than e'ectric. NEW yORE. . OB more;, by industries, and for cities of 10,000 TQ 50,000 INHABITANTP: 1914— Continued. 1061 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. OlGcials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and oor- porition mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors .1 Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. »123,964 17,895 180,125 291,620 214,529 77,091 56,252 948,506 479,970 121,442 95,418 280,084 50,383 25,962 24,421 916,578 442,602 6,480 126,971 47,168 79,803 173,048 212,447 6,460 502,576 332,465 108,863 35,435 25,833 '169,138 85,469 50,740 34,729 457, 106 45,030 47,787 31,665 16,122 157,674 188, 162 17,560 2,600 77,872 17,184 2,750 42,585 104,493 . 86,441 215, 192 12,348 56,665 37,122 56,708 29,867 10,840 34,480 323,211 2,036,185 tl34,068 16,156 192,136 329,098 192,510 136,588 78,331 1,090,433 563, 417 83,211 155,189 293,365 40,551 26, 741 13, 810 3,026,146 1,488,397 1,630,649 6,100 71,402 25,040 46,362 108,701 215, 106 1,348 495,283 366, 198 98, 131 32,433 8,621 218,604 91,800 67,939 23,861 799,692 20,561 16,413 8,616 6,798 354,955 216,233 18,348 57,168 9,508 8,525 46,533 206,054 124,520 115,201 16,392 23,350 16,629 9,627 31,197 14,524 290,641 2,702,904 $424, 860 86,091 1,068,120 1,820,862 1,295,168 625,694 325,188 5,339,632 3,214,885 237,806 621,602 2,547,823 173,506 96,045 77, 461 13,958,011 11,547,410 2,378,866 31, 735 722,775 308,462 414,323 820,426 1,334,554 20,383 2,903,234 2,681,510 108,522 68,911 54,291 841,355 295,968 200,267 96,701 546,577 158,010 206,456 143,370 63,086 844,063 992,632 72,048 4,380 438,066 32,423 15, 129 297,866 528,727 787,774 697,856 165,854 225, 174 60,711 391,790 156,376 14,669 145, 352 3,285,481 15,232,695 $11,563 2,660 31,338 1,000 577, 743 3,188 64,612 73,833 1,290 1,040 250 91,377 83,705 7,672 1,363 549 814 11,934 2,064 6,383 4,860 518 18,472 600 500 2,060 8,287 3, 3,670 26 24,675 27,477 100 35,240 45 140 6,419 3,146 29,586 3,256 9,904 870 122, 724 24,333 {25,930 19,416 121,196 69,860 37,980 21,880 19, 862 271,524 12,050 56, 828 92,904 20, 166 15,605 4,661 966,318 762, 411 195,389 8,618 35,800 6,146 29,656 94,823 209, 777 3,140 60,884 29, 762 16,227 8,765 7,130 166,632 21,630 19,770 39,782 12,646 6,046 4,642 1,404 33,052 15,061 4,199 2,13) 10,614 8,600 600 4,383 67,647 15,817 71,059 11,380 14,250 44,042 17,532 2,580 2,400 8,921 118,504 $20,984 1,106 2,973 53,345 21,200 32, 146 5,949 84,976 236,951 3,244 96, 115 271, 898 130, 908 134, 990 14,296,168 3,617,327 10,667,774 11,057 11, 707 4,367 7,350 6,682 14,256 621 62,082 64, 677 6,306 1,627 572 2,445 9,159 8,375 784 42,486 873 10,152 6,527 3,626 22,480 37,459 2, " 42 7,319 742 350 5,115 21,583 373,624 12,277 496 24,584 4,367 4,240 2,010 18 4,944 122, 546 967,068 $1,643,151 60,643 711,244 $47,423 2,950 89,777 1,480,501 994,918 485,583 636,724 10,431,472 116,201 68,102 58,099 19,664 239,209 112,899,483 682,693 1,467,520 10,461 3,012,178 13,134 8,955,604 726,734 156,148 8,845 599,048 127, 686 7,305 1,540 37,064,032 18,206,487 18,771,900 85,645 921,864 499, 058 171,164 105,318 65,135 711 67,622 26,605 422,806 41,017 1,696,212 4,100,580 14,857 2,340,434 1,472,808 539,193 260,223 78,210 29,612 35,210 2,121 128,088 111, 119 10,006 3,050 3,913 3,639,630 1,313,262 33,811 27,882 1,104,167 21,829 209,095 4,686,142 288,270 6,063 82,694 4,190 1,005,930 660,785 345,145 2,119,385 2,901,745 191,532 33,667 23,889 9,768 62,414 276,469 3,073 10,541 232 1,077,072 33,666 25,221 444,970 23,607 2,921 963 8,668 3,526,271 3,537,830 1,623,397 52,325 149,303 44,918 300,880 7,448 1,770,843 162,681 494,068 453,372 391,697 7,112 22,999 6,723 158,603 738,674 9,446,348 119,265,980 1,489 29,'128 321,734 4,120,651 $2,612,071 262,602 2,781,236 5,152,187 3,508,745 1, 643, 442 1,451,296 22,063,798 124,941,470 1,682,885 4,460,635 14,362,697 1,590,281 1,299,810 290, 471 86,489,307 437TS3361 "T27'0SS76r6 209, 730 2,448; 900 1,131,398 1,317,502 3,713,487 7,128,712 60, 183 12,262,046 10,041,965 1,513,848 480, 148 216,085 . 5,960,504 1,964,658 1,495,656 468,902 9,458,463 643,340 1,788,' 1, 162, 264 626,722 4,576,726 5,247,290 432,918 27,213 2,123,535 126,090 65,762 954,317 5,008,595 5,779,462 3,393,1 557, 247 2, 789, 731 745, 197 1,305,070 761,348 200,370 1,110,303 15,857,635 152,790,371 11,021,497 199,009 1,980,214 3,555,485 2,455,725 1, 099, 760 794,908 11,393,117 10,574,467 989, 831 1,435,323 5,250,945 854, 702 693, 457 161,245 49,264,111 26, 872, 156 23, 258, 681 123,374 1, 459, 414 605, 735 863, 679 1,987,763 2,992,922 43,205 9,783,524 8,468,038 964,649 226,875 133,962 2,287,063 623,414 253,754 4,689,627 352,880 749,399 477,590 271,809 2,394,927 2,070,076 238,313 16,440 1,022,856 89,503 39, 578 500,779 1,429,999 2,092,; 1, 726, 674 248,919 856,207 244,017 828,699 362,928 40,378 342,501 6,089,563 29, 403, 740 2,162 70 1,813 3,695 1,— 1, 670 11,455 16,017 299 3,866 563 484 79 3,425 1,744 1,677 4 3,702 1,586 2,116 771 49 4,491 3,999 298 108 366 2,211 1,713 498 2,414 124 5,092 1,552 3,540 1,763 9,502 397 233 348 76 463 1,767 4,474 1,710 131 1,067 305 2,548 1,067 80 1,891 16,910 71,068 1,482 2,407 1,012 1,396 6,394 16,594 125 2,455 314 287 27 1,827 1,052 776 705 180 200 290 3,851 3,736 65 50 6 635 585 50 1,577 947 1,721 1,309 4,955 370 150 195 75 336 1,620 2,165 120 971 1,664 766 80 895 11,967 49,632 32 1,348 927 4 166 156 865 471 111 117 20 HI 2 66 14 37 979 255 724 631 4 12 "9 14 487 327 112 27 440 82 311 2,271 25 262 262 225 110 110 1,206 320 873 61 812 146 114 126 747 4,;04 1,964 669 36 1,644 1,261 767 494 638 3,713 423 167 484 246 193 62 1,442 636 902 4 1,880 936 945 364 29 419 151 167 58 43 370 242 128 823 87 572 289 283 464 1,771 23 83 118 133 1,708 1,263, 25; 318 161 249 638 17,201 10 550 '67 483 6,236 10,146 388 282 106 412 238 174 288 23 22,24 25 2, 869 26 2,868,27 ,..29 1 30 ....'31 186 32 185 33 '34 366 35 36 1 37 4 39 43 40 220 41 42 I" 100 44 j45 '46 458 47 2,240 48 477 49 50 ,..:.:j5i 4 62 100 53 271 64 55 58 10 57 6,751:58 32, 133 59 Hones and whetstones 2 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Jute goods 3 Linen goods 2 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 3 Matches 3 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber and grass 3 Millstones 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 2 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Pencils, lead 4 Petroleum, refining '. 6 Pottery 16 Poultry, killing and dressing 1 Rules, ivory and wood 5 Sand-ume brick 2 Smelting and reflnine, copper 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids 2 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. L/IQItlZGCl UV IVIICrOSOTt'^Eini Theatrical scenery. . Tinfoil Waste Whalebone cutting. Wool scouring e number reported throughout the year. 1062 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nroUSTET AND CITY. a 1 •3 PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. ■WAGE EABNERS DEC. IS, OK NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- trad- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 19 ALBANY— All industries. .Automobile bodies and parts Bookbindingand blank-bookmaking. Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Chemicals Clothing, men's Regular factories Contract work Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundry and machine-shop products. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Jewelry. : Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Oil, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds.. Photo-engraving Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing without print- ing, linotype work, and type- setting: Printing andpublishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting, publishing, and job . printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing . Tobacco manufactures All other industries * 52[ 1241 11,375 ^3B 33 534 91 95 215 120 95 158 61 118 281 35 19 415 106 18 39 442 395 47 -1,316 1,300 16 13 13 1,215 20 474 5,112 4 4 73 4 15 4 23 3 20 10 4 53 108 342 10 12 15 166 26 30 238 233 5 2 20 360 254 10 9,371 110 26 355 82 73 209 155 86 69 109 41 70 20 230 27 12 312 , 5 30 335 317 18 1,010 1,010 1,192 13 385 4,388 My 9,662 ]/o Ja Je My De 116 29 370 148 82 245 Je My 3 Au3 Tas My My No 3 w Au Je Au Jy3 W Au3 92 77 131 44 72 22 267 29 12 325 96 Au 333 19 De 1,051 No' (0 De Ja3 Oc 1,278 16 421 Au 8,903 Ja Jy3 Je Fe De Ja 101 24 348 Jy Ja3 Ja De Au3 Oo3 Oc Je SI De Mh Ja3 W iC3 202 16 12 303 Mh 304 17 Au 946 My 3 Au Jys Ja 786 10 345 9,916 106 26 352 246 164 89 75 115 43 72 20 240 29 12 308 5 30 326 308 18 1,053 1,053 1,252 18 417 4,731 6,774 106 16 279 225 62 20 42 76 41 54 15 240 11 308 83 191 17 843 843 55 18 330 3,480 3,101 20 102 112 HI 1 200 200 1,184 83 1,247 $26,559,835 225,661 14,303 866,712 141,619 194,036 1,128,751 212,236 129,886 82,350 251,094 50,962 84,254 75,330 865,167 41, 127 12,808 4,244,494 202,401 70,408 120,261 21,307 35,278 26,249 711,096 483,004 228,-092 2,621,421 2,513,224 108,197 18,940 15, 110 252,946 102,300 520,85) 13,442,910 * All other industries embrace- Automobile repairing 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 3 Bags, paper, not including bags made tnpaperinills 1 Bakmg powders and yeast 3 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 1 Belting, leather 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 3 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 2 Boies, fancy and paper 2 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brass, bronze, and copper products . ^ 2 Brushes 1 Carpets, rag 1 Cars and general shop construction, and repairs by electno-rallroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad com- panies J . 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 3 Clothing, women's 5 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing 4 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cork, cutting 1 Druggists' preparations 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies.. Electroplating Emery and other abrasive wheels Engraving and diesinking Felt goods Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . Fur goods 2 Ft&niture 3 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Gas machines and gas and water meters Glass,cutting, staining, and ornament- ing Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified Ice, manufactured 1 Owned power only. 3 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1063 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- tnents report- mg. Officials. Clerks, btc. Wage earners. Rent of foctory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.z Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. Jl J962,776 2,964 ■18,212 '*A 520 •.■•' 7,420 23,700 13,433 13,433 15,025 5,000 11,200 4^400 19,216 255,936 12,260 5,900 1,000 13,580 16,884 14,684 2,200 100,996 91,534 9,462 12,076 29.676 383,618 $1,078,630 10,251 728 71,326 3,892 1,328 64,775 14,018 8,196 5,822 7,336 1,720 34,024 123 14,791 1,520 750 80,973 3,356 500 1,144 1,124 3,145 1,700 32,311 16,716 15,595 243,127 233,964 9,163 S, 1,796 19,880 467.095 16,634,592 74,297 16,061 230,128 39,272 60,493 126,035 73,075 35,161 37,914 51,843 29,040 46,818 12,056 171,832 21,940 8,786 329,167 54,424 32,210 26,713 2,267 1,997 26,550 198,081 182,233 15,848 722,633 722,633 3,776 6,780 434,415 10, 708 173,421 2,649,774 $197,031 400 1,535 1,900 605 230 110 36,900 7,280 29,620 500 514 500 580 8,716 57,868 16,869 41,989 28,150 1,176 26,974 3,525 54,382 6,615 4,077 2,538 2,880 1,645 2,150 408 9,457 995 1,873 1,097 1,811 S,814 729 695 34 1,684 611 4,028 2,760 2,380 750 606 780 1,770 17,534 13,295 4,239 6,071 5,221 850 697 610 10,212 1,600 13,386 64,332 498,026 1,517 77 1,763 222 43 1,480 1,190 290 14,222 14,208 14 98 921 371 110,766 106,019 $10,790,327 $609,409 113,795 7,795 782,490 3,551 164 27,828 1,718 30,232 11,746 3,161 1,030,733 197,292 113,277 84,015 189,324 36,928 44,272 2,373 1,107 1,266 11,964 1,288 47,261 1,145 64,058 2,604 324,762 62,335 32,434 460 21,176 680,636 594 61,754 268,807 3,996 39,762 33,494 26,928 2,077 1,480 168 11,388 10,921 242,312 144 566 9,912 231,483 10,829 9,537 376 708,430 27,201 708,430 27,201 5,159 51,470 r 141 1,309 49,824 228,392 302,699 5,231,306 - 8,370 1,074 3,163 344,470 $25,211,390 ' 285,054 38,704 1,439,197 94,754 124,746 1,729,099 408,006 213,185 194.820 400,966 91,151 176,845 102,602 662,096 106,822 44,433 3,181,016 376,502 118,720 103,657 31,728 64,407 792,030 608,351 183,679 2,331,923 2,259,548 72,375 14,702 72,123 569,410 295,688 771,848 10,760,335 $13,811,654 167,708 30,745 628,879 81,290 91,353 654,094 208,340 98,801 109,539 199,678 53,936 128,439 35,940 304,899 53,027 22,663 2,438,726 103,699 76,881 68,583 6,832 20,196 42,920 539,806 367,331 172,476 1,696,292 1,523,917 72,376 9,402 19,344 511,216 66,222 465,986 5,184,569 16,420 ~83 2 215 242 76 719 18 8 10 412 24 36 38 362 4 5 2,363 481 110 25 2 2 11 SOI 874 874 94 229 61 142 9,489 10,182 670 30 15 175 1,979 270 66 125 53 75 25 913 75 76 6,102 T% 2 164 162 149 18 8 10 376 24 186 4 5 383 211 110 19 6 276 267 704 704 29 104 8 67 1,911 58 70 6,252 28 Ink, writing Jewelry and instrument cases . Lithographii^ Lubricatmg greases Lumber and timber products Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Models and patterns, not including paper patterns Mudlage and paste Musical instruments and materials, not specified Musical instruments, pianos 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere speoifledrv' 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Phonographs and graphophones 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Pottery 1 Saws 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Soap 1 Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified 1 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot^ water heating apparatus 2 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves, gas and oU - 1 Structural ironwork, not made In steel works or rolling mills 3 Surgical appUances ;. 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 < Same number reported throughout the year. Toys and games 1 Trunks and valises 1 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specifiea 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wool pulling X Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1064 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND OTT. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried super- in- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Hale. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age ■ num- ber. Nmnber, 15th day of- Maximum month. Minimimi month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OE NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Underie. Uale Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES-Continued. BINGHAMTON— All industries . Boxes, cigar Bread and other bakery products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Conleotionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Mineral and soda waters ^ Patent medicines and compounds. .. Printing and publishing, book and job. Saddlery and harness : Silk goods, including throwsters Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All other Industries*. . .■ 245 8,413 163 121 67 34 321 27 147 194 2,016 4,129 44 166 390 45 271 280 10 161 7,248 Mh 7,769 De 136 106 51 25 284 446 224 21 66 152 5 314 4 Ja Se3 My Se Sea Ja Mh Ja Apa Ja Ja 91 138 112 62 28 403 495 253 26 79 175 5 338 4 Fe 1,979 Au Ja» Fe Mhs De J7 De Oc3 J? De 133 102 43 21 136 387 194 17 48 133 5 282 4 De 1,727 75 138 110 50 24 227 432 200 21 78 157 5 310 4 1,736 3,415 4,007 2,874 21 115 106 31 24 227 406 199 19 41 130 6 123 362 2,196 187 1 1,350 1,146 S18,236,715 50,377 271,443 255,988 139,940 36,898 1,476,788 954,298 596,997 42,602 344,242 354,199 21,678 657,602 3,104 2,561,702 10,469,057 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 1 Artiilcial stone products 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making 2 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 3 Boxes, fancy and paper 2 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 2 Brick and tile 1 Butter 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Chemicals : 1 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 1 Cofleeandspice^roastingandgrinding. 1 Combs and hairpins, not made irom metal or rubber 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Corsets 1 Dental goods 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes 1 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Flavoring extracts 5 Flour-mill and ^stmill products, ... 4 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 BUFFALO— All industries 2, 225 Artiflcial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Blacking, stains.and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes, including cut stock. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms Buttons Canning and preserving Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's Regular factories Contract work Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . Corsets. Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engraving and diesinMng 15 16 4 14 25 233 6 5 3 6 10 41 14 67,518 13 74 775 318 72 202 238 704 28j 1,282, 2,239 546 39 8 41 66 402 1,915 1,613 402 801 564 237 165 764 10 66 173 62 61 1 Owned power only. 2 9 19 80 6 6 13 12 4 7 21 234 6 4 3 70 33 37 18 18 37 32 5 10 143 3 6 6 10 12 2,527 3 12 106 6,083 2,684 371 11 171 37 70 64,416 8 53 671 212 61 140 24 1,168 1,634 514 25 5 26 329 3,418 1,726 1,361 366 497 48 598 419 179 147 7 39 133 Ap 56,051 No 52,591 Ap3 Je Ja Ses Je My Ap No Ja Ja Jy Mh Je Je My Mh Fe 65 828 222 90 209 226 676 25 1,370 773 1,5 586 25 5 36 66 396 3,607 Mh Ja Oc Oc3 Oc Jy Oc Mil' Au.» 46 Ap 32 Au 592 49 468 248 156 593 7 42 141 Fe3 Ja Au Ja8 Oo Ja No Je De Au De Mh Jy Au Oo Mh 7 44 568 194 39 82 186 642 1,321 444 25 6 25 45 248 3,282 Se No Je Au» 1,295 312 406 47 Jy 364 Ja 131 De 127 Fe 474 («) 7 Au» 37 De 125 51 De 42 43 FeS 26 54,289 68 686 218 47 123 193 668 23 1,061 703 1,575 575 25 5 31 48 375 3,355 1,767 1,376 391 635 48 684 432 162 147 677 7 38 127 41 34 45,849 9 58 679 217 25 33 82 368 11 268 697 1,075 429 18 338 3,354 673 125 29S 163 136 146 650 7,751 s Includes rented power, other than electric. 109 231 11 738 6 480 126 7 4 1,010 756 254 563 19 285 389 300 S243,289,693 21,147 97,080 1,317,732 310,894 84,613 280,741 193, 129 1,214,147 24,979 1,803,428 1,870,100 4,676,400 856,357 43,880 12,600 171,721 1,067,492 3,628,927 1,670,070 1,605,690 64,380 432,856 470,752 1,668,576 665,917 1,002,659 244,190 1,192,792 4,645 167,005 893,323 68,125 51,292 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OE MORE.'BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,o6ci TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1065 EXPENSES. Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, ete. Wage earners. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Rent ol factory. Taxes, fncluding internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and- rent ol power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- Inter- nal- Water power gener- Steam com- wheels Electric estab- Total. en- bus-. and (rent- lish- gines.' tion mo- ed). ments en- tors.! report- gines.2 ing. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $626,462 S6S3,898 13,652,628 $32,063 $128,728 $407,519 $10,110,451 $273,319 48,029 883 332,209 11,076 63,953 4,219 147,963 5,555 29-569 145 177,709 16,947 499,759 9,520 481,972 7,534 38,526 648 168,792 2,113 51,274 4,691 8,379 289 417,580 6,173 4,333 190 1.370,033 5,661 6,270,371 197,675 $18,359,516' $7,975,746 8,158 4,609 422 445 2,681 5,780 5,000 4 — 9/ 1,082 24,017 23,854 26,102 3,500 40,060 -20,184 13,950 86,151 361,810 884 4,651 7,929 2,312 17,332 48,822 16,057 1,800 29,649 6,618 624 4,495 133,680 384,045 32,660 87,697 71,411 25,207 17,136 191,676 2,'i0,536 136,442 15,345 38,401 104,564 3,432 133,306 1,921 716,596 1,826,298 1,911 4S0 6,715 22,987 2.640 7,135 2,r" 7,816 1,032 306 3,900 825 1,380 36,668 4,702 1,156 300 10,801 47, 987 361 2,245 1,234 481 65 3,136 3,542 3,667 606 2,047 519 116 1,1 2,717 307,272 77,922 105,255 568,366 223,190 245, 779 62,395 413,938 979,694 722,033 77,485 746,117 275,725 22,416 756,296 11,750 3,031,967 10,117,110 56,343 225,081 1.55,018 92, 261 32,681 219,282 470,415 232,527 38,311 575,212 219,760 13,748 332,543 7,227 1, 656, 273 3,649,064 117 112 192 657 760 695 19 8 158 1 291 1 77 5,001 84 321 615 605 76 20 2,884 28 182 316 140 90 12 8 137 1 170 1 57 1,466 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Hand stamps 1 Hardware, saddlery 2 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hats, wool-felt 1 Linen goods 1 Liquors, malt ^^. 2 Marble and stone work 2 Mattresses and spring beds Models and patterns, not including uisical instruments, organs Musical instruments, pianos Optical goods Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Perfumery and cosmetics Photograpluc materials Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals 4 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 2 Scales and balances : . . . 1 Shirts...-. 2 Soap 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Structural ironwork^ not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Surgical appliances 1 Varnishes 1 Vinegar and cider 1 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Whips 1 Wirework 2 Wood distillation^ not including tur- pentine and rosm X $6,437,300 530,615 $34,817,852 $848, $1,169,697 $2,798,439 $151,171,767 $6,824,613 $247,616,476 $89,520,096 152(338 74,147 8,797 69,363 21,725 2,125 7^20 11,040 11,167 27,220 14,645 18,905 78,902 74,639 73,920 22,550 1,500 6,600 33,420 108,846 41,154 41,154 39,280 5,550 106,583 28,870 77,713 10,600 50,283 10.750 29,846 4,720 7,967 936 6,733 37,141 15,693 5,316 48,401 6,076 29,009 36,956 81,408 433,002 23,319 3,605 7,723 1,040 14,167 131,133 80,005 80,005 38,833 12,090 92,463 56,248 36,215 2,926 31,653 2,324 10,811 781 208 6,909 31,003 464,442 162,302 34,566 65,903 93,832 312,613 10,148 412,236 478,501 927,730 273,643 10,448 1,352 14,402 14,962 216,321 2,395,068 731,000 591,351 139,649 201,148 36,480 251,958 144,747 107,211 96,423 336,630 2,r~- 28,032 95,916 29,155 21,087 1,250 3,900 3,S46 2,390 1,114 150 11,500 400 6,620 1,091 487 1,360 158,514 157,414 1,100 304 265 3,877 21,815 1, 2,962 12,863 35,088 5,520 5,660 9,625 8,040 1,125 13, 145 11,966 63,081 13,546 540 180 3,180 12,950 300 44,603 41,086 3,517 20,695 9,746 31, 765 29,257 2.608 4,119 23,370 432 4,317 2,616 3,297 3,624 237 8,737 1,340 105 3,433 371 4,111 430 9,771 6,307 40,262 8,861 215 65 377 248 6,610 31,219 2,461 1,831 630 440 648 8,944 1,258 1,-'- 2,141 8,900 22 565 3,034 494 129 5,662 37,558 907,643 116,554 113,386 634,758 62,589 948,828 12,171 746,208 2,356,901 3,436,299 137,246 28,541 3,525 62,827 281,637 2,744,484 1,763,002 1,761,399 1,603 340,604 683,842 1, 104, 821 601,938 502,883 301,576 650,760 4,290 66,353 434,382 10,724 33,673l I Same number reported for one or more other months. 397 1,629 25,219 7,440 1,027 2,338 2,864 8,296 565 17,268 73,004 104,762 41,015 182 44 579 1,207 14,101 89,860 12,634 10, 147 2,487 2,607 568 24,686 115,901 1,764,212 465,405 182,239 943,766 233,890 1,499,457 28,012 1,586,341 3,399,130 6,614,377 552,635 55,197 7, 5.50 107,053 56,222 708,605 5,507,262 3, 617, .308 3,322,067 195,241 5,380 749,128 3,406 871,316 26,603 1,875,503 11,603 965,115 15,000 910,388 1,769 459,883 11,952 1,450,401 81 11,364 2,179 155,564 11,343 674,188 18,526 78,714 831,350 341,411 67,826 406,670 168,437 542,333 15,276 823,865 969,225 2,973,326 374,374 26,474 3,981 43,647 51,117 412,867 2,672,918 1,741,672 1,550,521 191, 151 403,144 184,068 744; 079 351,574 392,506 156,538 787,689 6,993 87,032 228,463 64 453 327 52 149 104 426 47 1,206 3,335 1,678 570 4 2 10 111 675 2,888 328 38, 207 118, 1,816 491 1,325 125 432 135 200 150 311 450 23 266 130 14 48 357 45 241 ' 90 132 80 1,396 110 110 133 133 30 370 356 14 125 160 40 833 30 803 82 176 7611 132 178 54,311 65,443 186 20 lis 6 41 197 193 11 66 65 2 765 3,095 1,235 40 4 2 1 565 188 160 38 207 48 613 105 508 190 14 508 67,642 99,684 < Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 30 "46 'ssi 1 119 2 782 590 113 477 77 2 34 .. 35 1066 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBT AND CIIT. PERSONS ENOAOED IN THE INOUSTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Arer- age num- ber. Number, 15th day ol- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAQE EABNIBS PEC. 15, OB NEABE9T b£FBESENTATITE DAT. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. BUFFAIiO— Continued . Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flavoring extracts - - Flour-mill and gristmill products — Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundryand machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Maohineshops Fur goods Furniture Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Hair work Hardware '- Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods , House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Iron and steel forgings , Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases , Leather goods, not elsewhere specified Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames . . . Lubricating greases Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds , Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods Patent medicines and compounds.. Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing materials Refrigerators Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and meat packing Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hotr water heating apparatus. Stereotyping and eleotrotyping Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified 141 6 20 116 19 34 6 87 4 7 6 130 14 174 11 120 46 1,032 534 6,233 73 1,1 3,467 122 2,113 152 174 9 50 121 268 100 ' 259 194 438 502 118 501 1,168 704 48 64 1,273 357 259 151 76 91 669 243 12 140 1,554 1,522 154 327 79 1, 1,814 13 2,851 65 917 717 189 1 Owned power only. 10 - 4 6 129 25 250 5 62 183 4 62 19 7 39 7 199 94 436 3 103 330 3 130 12 31 7 24 14 16 7 * 5 19 119 23 1 11 15 114 11 37 110 266 187 125 202 2 21 179 7 55 174 77 150 115 165 115 Mh 210 165 316 459 1,074 60 265 80 1,168 1,675 2,763 127 1,! 859 Oo {*) 45 190 341 524 334 274 63 111 1,200 Mh 1,008 1,066 1,086 876 Au 454 Oc 1,637 Au 1,551 2,585 56 167 (.') 428 124 19 793 359 4,212 60 1,475 2,677 128 1,779 116 129 6 42 ,112 258 60 206 177 302 492 101 440 944 625 27 30 312 180 199 102 58 60 269 202 6 73 1,155 876 5 127 249 294 1,524 1,446 4 2,322 65 153 10 741 218 4,177 60 1,456 2,661 50 1,657 34 60 178 177 250 95 40 418 940 482 25 28 1,064 309 149 159 96 67 202 2 66 860 125 231 53 1,524 962 4 2,288 51 401 148 62 132 153 7 47 367 52 16 4 141 1 2 33 175 •«. 1 18 480 "'2 137 4 11 37 $96,564 76,727 8,651,873 1,628,049 12,991,429 169,220 4,095,957 8,726,252 307,010 3,927,806 138,091 169,206 6,310 128,912 119,323 560,595 150,561 543,732 1,036,876 1,513,085 317,649 124,404 3,915,449 19,423,951 1,716,846 71,468 171,159 4,298,779 8,178,488 609,562 353,465 235,024 93,712 1,637,560 440,555 18,870 101,477 2,151,037 2,972,268 16,614 394,962 968,487 217,922 1,863,480 10,429,340 15,636,414 8,450 9,068,902 78,469 1,996,967 449,681 300, 02d ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. QB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1067 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For eoutract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Offldials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Intor- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.! Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). . — •- CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 811,550 108,750 77,479 630,490 7,840 193,220 429,430 5,391 158,349 21,780 8,725 7,496 3,080 12,800 6,264 26,861 48,305 45,160 45,296 39,264 9,760 46, 415 368,820 87,319 1,300 10,825 113,326 139,049 27,291 25,685 8,760 16,280 6,760 146,032 22,725 1,900 18,068 170,420 176,231 18,300 22,908 1,500 15,178 154,652 249,897 268,464 3,; 89,529 21,416 $9,126 10,149 222,986 110,805 601,392 2,600 129,968 468,824 8,232 197,345 ■ 3,546 12,954 3,468 8,514 20,542 11,549 7,848 17,819 74,498 13,913 13,883 24,598 164,848 50,520 1,872 15,552 90,415 65,774 15,976 46,711 7,438 2,234 16,691 153,394 14,875 40,630 157,581 571,292 16,522 54,618 3,336 10,408 435,907 258,914 692,235 4,514 135,041 21,978 11,867 J37,456 7,529 562,167 211,020 3,003,133 36, 717 1,033,911 1,932,505 60,065 988,313 71,017 61,652 1,310 17,970 41,809 101,251 22,759 58,220 131,254 146,998 191,230 182,202 43,721 257,704 787, 401 445, 462 14,742 18,057 728,235 275,968 156,578 111,990 64, 921 48,040 43,558 122,289 122,492 2,514 70,879 756,090 816,478 3,172 67, 261 159,212 38,843 219, 167 965,424 865,537 2,328 1,665,220 38,681 457,983 1,720 247,214 86,550 (2,354 200 2,500 3,000 15,577 1,461 14,116 30 15,955 772 1,750 15 408 1,347 7,211 94,032 40,371 22,816 148 5,756 8,433 101 3,779 65,811 181,059 1,000 ■ 200 3,656 400 2,060 65,117 $6,855 2,796 11,850 6,476 2,640 14,463 65,706 17,397 29,381 6,475 5,622 1,665 2,880 3,420 5,096 2,108 10,948 2,500 17,278 11, 498 4,410 2,100 22,017 4,520 3,700 7,335 7,470 1,2J4 10, 414 6,804 8,816 12,476 32,944 2,477 1,816 5,438 85,909 26,908 930 900 3,502 1,245 1,520 13,280 3,504 990 540 4,600 9,158 416 21,475 6,472 $14 30,012 12,962 76,084 959 27,976 47,150 402 21,880 690 159 78 727 110 2,699 639 9,248 2,378 2,653 2,084 1. 142 12,965 1,418, 7,920 459 569 25,680 58,194 5,156 1,514 1,148 140 14,245 3,590 130 286 18, 129 20,452 114 2,420 8,071 2,191 18,714 49,306 135,314 55 72,147 9,474 3,195 92,775 664 $65,355 63,750 24,869,321 2,615,229 4,748,822 18,396 1,764,609 2,965,917 216,285 1,808,218 111,776 145, 808 4,350 24,348 98,362 261^116 45,324 20,816 74,435 132, 460 339,320 176, 184 46,613 2,926,793 2, 161, 217 494, 595 64,430 215, 980 2,359,685 6,397,486 326,042 367,075 117, 989 34,052 89,375 594,818 111,090 6,050 55,559 828,625 1,458,063 9,636 110,755 309, 216 203,013 90,846 27,016,499 5,954,238 2,100 1,697,539 42,492 1,588,766 5,664 360,619 55,561 $1,384 346 167,690 44,003 265,202 2,994 141,067 121, 161 1,284 42,466 1,676 S48 1,5 680 6,678 1,545 52,537 3,939 35, 70-1 4, 2,967 776 32,906 442,066 7,044 911 2,805 22,776 200,474 9,778 3,983 5,369 1,132 2.777 6,276 18,763 64 3,179 34,-569 41,851 106 4,311 17,596 10,189 151,016 191,125 169 173,696 4,187 22, 122 80 3,616 7,691 $169,365 142,747 28,068,796 4,117,187 11,375,640 87,522 3,885,844 7,402,274 411,383 3,728,066 267,842 282,802 10,800 81,180 196,922 467,817 123,574 262,240 422, 118 403,046 1,125,359 518,276 153,780 3,830,576 7,962,285 1,442,621 115,973 305 938 3,944,209 8,074,154 688,130 686,267 268, 523 124,036 197,619 3,160,665 390,217 18,883 228,282 2,671,808 18,654 290,381 763,117 309,460 536,100 29,390,200 8,834,862 11,850 5,100,819 131,144 2,681 649 13,910 937,008 250,460 $112,626 78,651 31 31 5 8,645 1,366 5 3,395 1,038 ' i,"647 10 3,031,785 1,567,955 6,250 252 75 6,361,616 66,132 1,980,278 4,316,206 193, 814 11,627 320 4,261 7,046 16 3,066 975 165 180 630 1,104 66 3 1,038 9,548 90 4,078 5,380 15 996 241 95 146 ""'i36 1,877,382 1,655 405 154,390 141 120 21 8 135,365 6,302 33 12 21 55,284 97,880 195,123 64 15 20 44 16 105 24 81 76,705 77 77 188,887 2,598 151 496 2,101 137 20 343,744 14 234,885 829 177 131 480 40 349 137 51 ' 322 27 781, 203 339, 126 80 108,392 28 1,825 6,248 454 13 141 28 1.410 694 39 3 129 1 "i,'822 315 870,877 5, 359, 002 400 4,564 365 12 15 940,982 50^632 87,153 60 10 1,561,748 4,285 3,410 245 630 1,003 1,476,194 252, 310 315,209 145,165 88,852 5,219 585 279 94 82 320 34 25 270 134 9 54 4,874 315 145 61 28 2 105,467 2,659,571 260,364 80 227 820 80 119 395 40 75 425 33 12, 769 169,544 69 1,539 69 911 ""427 1,808,624 225 403 2,998,898 1,664 790 138 736 416 8,913 8 295 445 258 8 125 420 143 175,315 436,305 97,861 80 65 90 25 50 435,065 2,222,685 2,689,499 1,804 4,702 2,890 633 2,375 2,830 15 145 i 1,166 2,181 60 22 3,140 9,581 3,229,584 3,001 230 18 2,753 2 84,485 1,070,761 129 1,384 645 14 88 115 651 10 828 8,166 12 10 262 12 672,773 187,208 5 45 5 217 1 ■ Same number reported for one or more other months. < Same i^nber reported throughout the year. S3 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1068 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. a a 1 3 1 o PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. VTAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and flrm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe, male Maximum month. Mininlnni month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 BUFFALO— Continued. 7 4 3 11 3 277 200 8 58 275 4 20,511 6 4 1 6 3 157 7 17 2 168 4 2i 1 16, 890 Fe (») Je Ja My< 183 ■4 46 240 2 No (=) Ja An Se< 147 4 28 214 1 156 4 33 227 1 16,622 131 33 184 1 15,183 20 4 5 8383,651 5,100' 200 700 ■>. R Wall plaster 6 14 9 21 3 8 4 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. 36 6 1 5631452 3,233 96,524^22 fi All other industries * 803 1,953 708 1,313 90 36 'AH other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 2 Aluminumware 2 Ammunition 1 Artificial flowers 3 Automobiles 8 Bags, other than paper 2 Baking powders 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . 8 Belting, leather 2 Belting and hose, rubber 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Belting and hose, woven 1 Bluing 3 Boxes, wooden packing 3 Brushes 2 Butter 2 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cars and general shop construction and repEurs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies... 2 Cement 1 Chemicals 4 Cleansing and polishing preparations 7 Clothing, horse : 1 Clothing, men's, buttonholes 1 CofHns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Cotton small wares 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supphes 6 Dental goods 1 Dyestufls and extracts 1 Emery and other abrasive wheels 3 Enameling < 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 9 Engraving, wood 2 Envelopes r. 3 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 4 Feathers and plumes 1 Fertilizers , 2 Fire extinguishers, chemical 3 Flags andbanners 1 Foundry supplies 3 Furnislung goods, men's 1 Galvanizing 1 Gas and electric fixtures 12 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Gasmachinesandgasandwatermeters 1 Glass 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 2 Hand stamps 2 Hats, straw 1 Ink, printing 3 Ink, writing ; i Iron and steel, blast furnaces 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling ' mills 3 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 2 Lamps and reflectors 2 Lasts 2 NEW YOKK CITY- All industries . 29, 621 Artificial flowers Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Automobiles Awnings, tents, and sails . Babbitt metal and solder . Bags, other than paper Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . Belting, leather Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Bookbinding and blank-book makmg Boot and shoe cut stock Boot and shoe findings : Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes. Regular factory products Footwear, other than boots and shoes. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Paper boxes and cartons. All other Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. Brass and bronze Copper Allother Bread and bakery products.. Biscuits and crackers Allother Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Brooms From broom corn All other Brushes Toilet Paint and varnish and all other. Buttons Candles Canning and preserving, fish Card cutting and designmg Carpets and rugs, other than rag. . Carpets, rag 156 9 22 129 734 731 135 22 324 10 49 146 135 11 22 220 212 148 135 5 8 2,491 16 2,475 18 14 4 79 12 67 207 5 13 18 4 11 732, 790 4,339 102 252 2,841 4,685 4,656 30 371 1,135 509 485 441 460 22 8,309 222 793 10,567 10,264 1,150 11, 186 10,907 279 2,274 4,533 3,984 S2 317 25,197 6,147 19,050 517 197 175 22 1 239 1,130 3,495 70 167 198 25( 31,41121,002 65,434 29,664 585,279 11 94 583 581 2 147 14 10 10 35 23 20 2 324 9 50 151 139 12 202 6 70 149 128 5 16 2,639 3 2,636 6 19 15 4 95 87 256 6 5 20 76 7 20 141 155 152 206 201 5 24 297 144 134 2 8 373 92 281 11 4 3 1 57 14 43 164 11 16 242 285 281 4 134 44 79 51 38 19 95 77 1 429 13 32 266 57 452 438 14 113 267 220 27 20 1,537 466 1,071 55 162 6 15 7 6 116 77 74 3 46 16 37 20 6 26 23 1 205 6 22 253 243 10 7 229 222 7 26 85 16 7 778 100 678 10 5 3 2 43 8 35 75 2 4 * Owned power only. :D/#//^cy%y U\&mom 3,838 67 199 2,248 3,585 3,567 18 674 735 205 1,023 427 406 274 317 14 7,085 177 661 9,658 9,415 243 1,041 10,000 9,756 244 2,000 3,865 3,417 182 266 19, 870 5,486 14,384 435 161 148 13 1,075 192 883 2,903 51 129 162 Mh 610,645 No Se< Mh My My Se Mh Je Ap No No Se* Jy My Jy* Mh Au De Fe Mb No De Je De Mh Mh Mh Ja Mh 4,457 70 224 £,389 3,744 22 805 1,016 243 1,111 450 423 281 406 18 7,648 185 820 9,762 276 6,451 14,959 509 Au Mh< 161 14 206 949 65 144 177 Jy 558, 513 2,861 64 171 2,044 Mh Ja No* De Fe Ja My Fe ^y De Ja No Au Se No Au Ja Jy Mh Ja jy Jy. Jy Se< Au Au Oc Mh 3,337 16 517 573 164 987 371 258 272 11 6,749 171 513 8,707 194 Se 1,092 Ap 1,006 Mh My Jy 10, 132 265 2,120 Ja Ja 9,367 231 1,915 My No Oc 3,757 275 306 Se Je My 3,206 127 228 4,219 14,065 322 133 11 180 832 2,370 46 119 150 200 16 593,572 390,314 220 2,283 3,529 3,513 16 584 731 199 1,040 428 426 270 282 11 6,983 179 605 9,943 1,037 9,753 9,504 249 1,' 3,915 3,359 260 296 21,455 6,336 15, 119 455 174 160 14 1,107 200 907 2,991 46 137 166 210 33 716 60 220 2,201 3,526 3,510 16 577 562 197 336 206 331 261 134 2 3,485 159 347 7,558 7,442 114 592 4,444 4,281 ^ 163 1,953 3,514 2,989 231 294 16,999 3,362 13,637 455 163 152 11 705 102 603 1,850 31 105 87 97 198,9231,760 3,645 159 2 650 219 5 146 3,394 4 216 2,323 2,202 121 428 5,112 5,026 387 357 29 1 4,410 2,972 1. 2 387 98 1,107 14 31 77 110 2,575 $1,626,104,314 39 20 188 14 162 162 2,536,258 209,816 702.386 5,888,295 3,465,913 3,436,174 29,739 2,753,557 1,135,659 2,186,771 1,495,8''3 1,051,433 693,905 2,266,362 804,079 11,507 8,510,959 557,541 601,442 12,201,831 11,821,085 380, 748 725,193 12,715,405 12,478,245 239,160 3, 639, 749 8,284,483 7,450,309 302,8.15 531,339 49,115,177 27,328.975 21, 788, 202 1,236,492 216, 454 12,535 2,005,530 534,099 1,471,431 2,558,580 167,466 600,871 182,504 288,976 13,063 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. NEW YORK. OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1069 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. » Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. .J, < Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. - Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $16,912 $15,188 $82,843 1,680 23,522 115,252 468 11,234,161 $5,729 1,600 4,800 6,745 156 . 258,560 $6,665 $262,559 5,950 77,621 182,294 916 40,889,936 $1,602 190 2,710 5,223 192 4,276,250 $419,524 14,036 164,121 454,228 4,777 72,666,428 $155,363 7,896 83,790 266,711 3,669 ■ 27,500,242 94 93 1 20 •> 13,400 28,384 ■ 6,778 24,333 581 2,542 15 490,813 240 240 8 68,528 150 50 83 40 157 8 22,951 "9," 223 ^ $600 4 1,987,160 2,867,854 92,762 43,876 1,701 6 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Lumber and timber products 1 Millinery and lace goods 9 Mirrors, framed and unframed 2 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 8 Mucilage and paste 1 Musicalinstruments and materials... 1 Musical instruments, organs 1 Musical instruments, pianos 2 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 2 Oil, linseed 3 Oil, not elsewhere specified 4 Paints 3 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . 4 Paper patterns 1 Petroleum , refining 1 Photographic materials 2 Pipes, tobacco 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 5 Prmting and pubhshing, music 1 Pumps, not including power pumps. 1 Pumps, steam and other power 2 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Safes and vaults 1 Saws 2 Scales and balances 1 Screws, machine 2 Shirts 6 Show oases 2 Signs and advertising novelties 17 Silk goods, including throwsters 2 Silversmithing and silverware 1 Smelting and refining, copper 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 2 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolhng mills . 1 Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified 5 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam packing 1 Stencils aad brands 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves 2 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . 1 Surgical appUances . . .' 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 2 Typewriters and supplies 1 Varnishes 2 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Vinegar 1 Wall paper, not made in paper mills . 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 1 Wood distillation^ not iticluding tur- pentine and rosm 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 3 Wool pulling 1 159,074,743 154,514 7,360 56,126 375,499 261,622 258,322 3,300 137,049 59, 191 115,400 46,654 41,716 90,283 67; 155 10,680 655,041 25,028 48,490 629,148 501,090 28,058 70,437 679,305 661,001 18,304 140,117 351,604 300,104 5,: 46,300 941,024 326,243 614,781 25,110 3,512 3,200 312 126,369 28,149 228,621 12,500 39,797 9,404 21,606 1,760 393,238,258 224,935 12,616 21,918 308,287 244,704 240,750 3,954 222,144 52,960 120,883 83,213 57,649 20,176 120,651 188, 142 1,274 488,064 13,792 35,527 574,381 507,625 66,756 60,563 619,491 591,435 28,056 122,075 285,420 247,468 20,452 17,500 1,592,836 350,428 1,242,408 56,064 9,612 6,804 2,808 121, 803 23,747 98,056 176,325 7,913 19,008 9,658 23,007 3,428 $367,497, 611 $61,394,677 S41,653,404 $36,892,477 $i;i97,6.53,810 $31,500,896 1,606,180 63,773 168,868 1,703,911 3,321,602 3,308,118 13,384 360, 516 503,238 147,966 413, 132 215,492 203,320 186,706 148,484 5,457 3,769,373 101,490 241,070 6,102,612 6,000,022 102,590 482,350 4,126,328 4,006,327 120,001 1,063, 2,405, 2,070, 117, 217, 13,083, 2,537, 10, 645 263; 64,627 67,849 6,678 514,306 96,931 417,375 1,186,273 18,870 73,264 81,120 10.5,837 11,701 76,709 1, 11,246 4, 27,934 27,934 142,695 4,733 1,628 100 8,858 15,240 3,479 168 241,155 14,241 91,415 91,115 300 1,944 41,283 41,283 2,520 21,911 21,911 24,392 24,392 3,513 9,964 260 9,714 34,021 2,600 '"966 49,155 36,762 18,067 54,139 20,045 1,920 632,271 16,000 33,069 302,288 290,613 11,675 41,546 666,914 648,930 17,984 160,434 211,757 180, 145 17,664 13,948 1,982,377 225,543 1,756,834 4,620 11,574 9,419 2,156 67,768 13,390 54,378 170,401 3,180 10, 585 21,810 12,076 4,252 3,058 78 3,887 54,320 11,431 11,431 14, 172 2, 8,439 5,880 1,485 4,409 37^730 6,418 15 16,702 378 1,049 28,793 28,252 541 10,705 48,729 48,208 521 59,552 40,338 37,918 2,420 308,493 143, 555 164, 938 6,113 1,239 1,239 7,897 1,249 4,938 804 2,050 119 1,775 2 2,475,710 32,362 235, 293 2,562,770 2,700,863 2,674,440 26,423 2,339,496 1, 159, 102 3,690,87r 6,021,872 1,182,681 671,382 1,877,617 706,852 21,261 3,776,518 727,324 736,602 12,146,004 11,860,685 286,319 735,944 6,800,461 6,586,238 214,223 4,138,631 4,-965,654 4,343,890 185, 993 425, 771 41,057,779 8,948,176 32,109,603 95,592 157,660 144,7.54 12, 806 1, 2,53, 338 205,979 1,047,359 1,721,006 105,468 r^ 1,092,141 9,694 18, 165 5,168 6,796 84,290 146, 289 145,522 767 27,677 12,360 31,858 15,760 8,614 4,168 18, 897 7,968 462 127,178 4,010 14,333 137,705 134,677 3,028 12,437 128,371 122, 184 6,187 67,992 156, 164 123, 192 10, 565 22,407 ,492,086 260,662 ,241,424 63, 732 3,118 2,900 218 19, 504 4,754 14,750 43,968 4,076 1,757 12,292,831,693 6, 100, 207 214, 100 698,417 5,967,412 9,009,765 8,942,931 66,834 3,516,802 2,357,699 4,635,797 7,096,303 1,903,345 1,161,329 2,8.59,718 1,460,961 47,295 11,612,285 983, 850 1.318,855 13,869,052 23,203,413 655,649 1,516,506 15,852,963 16,386,982 466,971 6,519,973 10,499,290 9, 109, 770 392, 455 997, 065 80,056,218 21,430,752 58,625,466 577, 272 315, 837 280,357 35,480 2,668,471 486,022 2,182,449 4,309,666 212,229 — ,378 $l,063,676,988j 3,606,332 176,590 3.56,328 3,320,352 6,162,613 6,122,969 39,644 1,149,629 1,186,247 913,068 1,058,671 712, 160 485,779 963,204 746, 141 25,582 252,516 567,920 11,575,353 11,208,051 367,302 768,125 8,924,121 8,678,560 245,561 2,313,350 5,387,472 4,642,688 195, 897 648, 887 37,506,353 12,231,914 25, 274, 439 417,948 165, 159 132, 703 22,456 1,395,629 276, 289 1,120,340 550,962 25 170 2,787 3,873 3,864 19 1,693 238 175 422 263 160 1,461 289 12 3,071 212 318 4,196 4,121 76 636 5,012 4,921 91 4,311 4,016 3,542 204 .270 12,701 7,717 1,250 61 61 10 643 288 356 1,315 101 122 82 198 334,086 115 835 10 10 60 50 40 250 100 1,315 175 595 1,847 1,847 475 2,680 2,680 3,145 1,973 1,958 15 4,474 2,480 1,994 1,235 327 250 77 525 61 60 198 38,423 164 154 271 18 287 25 371 354 17 782 1,213 1,197 6 10 358 14 10 4 105 105 178, 385' 111,844 74 2,061 1,987 74 384 830 387 198 246 2,604 5,366 15 47 41 6 211 38 173 482 739 43 10 126 227 227 40 2,822 2,822 253 206 206 2,733 1,607 1,126 134 3 Same number reported throughout the year. 1 Same number reported tor one or mor'e other months. 1070 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS MDUSTET AND Cm. t "S •f 3 PEK30NS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. •WAGE EAKNEE3 DEC. 15, OR NEAREST BEPBESENTATIVE DAY. - Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sal^ ried offi- cers, super- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, I5tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe. male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW TORK CITY— Continued. Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Cheese : Chemicals China decorating, not including that done in potteries. Chocolate and cocoa products Cleansing and pohshlng preparations . Cleansing preparations Polisliing preparations Clocks Clothing, men's Regular factories Men's and youths' Boys' All other Contract work Men's arid youths' Boys' and all other .^ Clothing, men's, buttonholes Clothing, women's Regular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers andhouse dresses. . All other Contract wotk Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Suits, skirts, cloaks, and all other. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffee Spice Coffins, burial cases, and vmdertak- ers' goods. Collars and cuffs, men's Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber. Confectionery and ice cream. Confectionery Chewing gum Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels. . . Another Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Cordials and flavoring sirups Corsets Cotton goods Cotton small wares Cutlery and edge tools Dental goods. Druggists' preparations Dyemg and finishing textiles Dyestuffs and extracts Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Enameling Engravers' materials Engraving and diesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. 10 50 11 6 5 28 23 196 21 S 4 3 160 268 1,951 31C 46 66 12 1,517 228 1,719 26S 44 41 12 1,353 30 232 41 2 25 164 10 4,300 136 208 10 3,946 11 2,083 ...... 43 123 6 1,911 3 33 4 1,688 2 11 2 '1,311 77 236 53 9 120 12 1 5 3 99 8 815 3 21 152 18 621 39 241 22 27 57 16 119 17 98 11 9 35 5 38 22 143 11 IS 22 11 81 10 1,275 2 44 85 22 1,122 2,048 67,072 3,001 675 3,294 1,172 48,930 922 30,956 1,362 611 3,255 1,123 24,605 718 24,419 1,052 492 2,626 877 19,372 190 6,290 293 114 614 239 6,030 14 247 17 5 15 7 203 1,126 26, 116 1,63S 64 39 49 24,326 981 22,206 1,430 49 33 39 20,656 145 3,910 209 15 6 10 3,670 75 3,723 431 124,827 96 5,207 8 2,282 327 104,834 7,681 4,823 2,895 111,617 4,014 2,211 7,623 4,777 92,992 1,406 46,672 2,066 878 4,062 1,888 37,788 936 45,143 1,213 909 2,291 2,100 38,630 277 12,807 348 302 751 452 10,954 119 3,007 195 44 301 166 2,301 167 3,988 202 7S 218 171 3,319 828 13,210 1,193 71 58 46 11,842 198 3,699 292 24 13 21 3,349 28 658 32 6 2 2 616 602 8,853 869 41 43 23 -7,877 99 2,569 82 106 644 150 1,677 88 2,124 72 90 578 132 1,252 11 436 10 16 66 18 325 16 886 22 27 130 33 674 3 18 61 527 6 20 2 14 53 425 45 23 257 11,295 241 •289 797 299 9,669 202 9,962 195 234 672 261 8,590 6 429 2 11 M 30 342 49 914 44 44 81 S 737 38 1,320 39 19 19 8 1,235 29 1,267 32 16 18 8 1,193 9 63 7 3 1 42 387 4,044 425 230 271 96 3,022 34 263 31 21 37 14 160 48 2,666 ,40 7(1 166 98 2,201 7 162 7 4 18 8 125 7 224 11 6 6 3 198 16 675 13 19 73 37 533 34 1,098 28 42 128 .57 843 51 1,652 31 78 173 144 1,126 86 3,64C 85 126 303 184 2,942 16 547 g 3C 60 43 406 152 5,976 66 263 781 276 4,590 93 626 113 24 20 11 458 11 71 11 1 4 2 ,53 4 31 3 4 1 5 18 165 651 195 28 18 J 390 90 blc /f/7 nrf h\T 2,212 dpow nhmfh ILI^ uu oy 'fO!^ Jy3 No 29 180 Je Oo Se 1,491 176 4,254 Fe 1,961 No 3 Mh Fe Oc Jy3 Mh Mh Mh Fe Ja De Oo Oc Mh Mh Ap No Oo Fe De 1,361 109 717 40 91 1,346 19,944 5,579 245 21,659 3,979 340 43,971 44,470 Mh 11,873 2,488 3, Mh 3,747 9,051 Je 1,345 Ap 350 Ap 708 61 615 528 823 Je Je Oc Au Ap Oo Fe Ja Ap No De No» 1,330 51 3,133 202 2,706 133 220 588 932 1,181 3,406 448 4,887 479 My 3 Ja 27 141 De Ja 1,209 148 De 3,581 Jy 1,874 Jy3 Oc 1, Au Jy Ja Au3 No 34 76 961 De 17,483 No 4,642 No My Se De 19,230 3,486 314 Je Jy Jy Jy Jy 31,007 29,412 2,104 3,025 Jy Jy Je 2,545 473 6,321 Ja 1,169 De 285 Au 642 Jy3 My 48 336 Je Fe Fe 7,756 165 654 No Ja3 Fe Ja De Ap3 Au Jy De Au De Au Je Au 996 38 2,919 117 1,798 116 163 419 643 1,067 2,613 361 4.: 427 Jy 57 No 48 51 19 Oc> 22 Mh 15 22 1 18 De 433 Jy 370 430 J^, ^,368 No 1,933 1,966 1,262 ncfu"a6^ented power, other than electric. 26 178 1,418 1,254 164 3,.581 1,901 3 1,285 97 671 118 37 81 1,254 52,014 24,400 18,999 5,175 . 22r 27,61- 23,387 4,227 336 110,232 96,440 39,098 39,753 10,840 2,339 3,410 14,792 4,097 10,006 1,515 1,231 284 59 393 10,667 9,245 534 788 1,052 1,013 3,029 165 1,807 132 201 497 732 1,082 2,635 425 4, 474 26 172 1,416 1,252 164 3,659 1,900 54 637 68 25 43 820 36,389 17,137 13,766 3,259 122 19,252 16,406 2,846 241 46,326 38,.S98 28,286 8,278 1,138 374 822 7,427 870 6,524 772 122 443 14 318 4,492 3,646 99 747 1,052 1,013 2,989 116 219 47 80 388 581 528 1,712 424 3,904 455 75 41 133 49 12 37 434 16,512 7,210 5,212 i.r- 8,302 6,943 1,3 90 63,592 56,259 10,772 31,332 9,654 1,955 2,546 7,333 3,209 656 3,468 613 451 162 221 45 67 5,914 5,438 435 41 27 48 1,582 84 121 108 141 533 907 1 1,061 26 1. 4. 16. 8 138 138 NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1071 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Ralaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. ClSrkS, etc. Wage earners. Kentof factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines .2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. (2,505 12,270 75,428 70,923 4,505 197,437 80,933 266,114 89,847 49,408 16,302 33,106 121,299 2,007,678 1,887,101 1,529,659 346.382 12,160 120,577 95; 197 25,380 10,196 5,31§,876 6,244,693 2,210,354 1,997,055 724,645 126,624 186,016 74,283 25,248 6,500 42,535 311,607 272,145 39,462 3,000 95,000 900,194 781,037 36,529 82,628 72,438 66,638 6,800 472,455 38,746 "1.65, 700 10,160 35,025 64,263 160,413 314,742 366,793 156,009 726,457 30,387 5,000 10,468 47,349 285,548 $2,126 7,310 52,747 43,672 9,075 182,048 122,464 33;3,614 9,478 261,626 70,280 45,537 24,743 ^971 5,040,676 4,992,705 3,968,425 1,018,268 16, 012 47, 871 37,652 10,319 767,564 712,726 939,042 958, 743 1,067,083 343,894 403,964 64,838 14,968 1, 38,250 939,318 793, 670 145, 648 122,646 67,757 963,289 822,624 42, 197 98,468 30,211 28,411 1,800 273,123 61,925 410, 182 21,060 12, 432 108,718 179,912 494,376 368,080 124,835 920,031 19,379 3, 3-, 730 24,627 468,001 $21,379 100,226 1,109,542 990,866 118,676 2,742,9 1,424,0 1,644 872,146 56,198 284,744 52,370 18,824 33,646 610, 690 27,241,635 16,498,286 12,679,846 2,825,313 93, 127 11,743,349 10,157,703 1,585,646 160,572 62,831,076 58, 030, 704 29,168,512 21,257,839 4,934,764 1,023,434 1,656,155 4,800,372 628,667 248,421 3,923,284 869, 151 739, 777 129, 374 386,913 19,000 232,367 4,320,313 3,570,827 124,809 624, 677 734,580 '704,386 30, 194 2,466,391 88,762 963,939 65,201 113,984 291,027 648,774 573,823 1,629,202 296,918 2,653,183 310,105 22,610 11,226 298,766 1,673,163 $26,000 23j797 23,429 368 721 825 4,160 1,800 2,350 4,976 21,286,736 20,969,780 16,448,923 4,608,154 12, 703 316, 966 298,250 17, 706 524 14,371,723 14,302,177 8,223,861 4,439,951 575,389 678,559 384,417 69,646 2,425 67,121 15,886 15,423 462 87, 196 3,100 3,100 141,314 90,895 30,342 646 12,869 2,640 104, 106 2,150 61,571 3,160 1,140 5,671 52,924 $3,852 13,322 173,640 168,854 14, 786 360 630 64,980 7,526 53, 060 21, 132 11,373 9,759 16, 352 2,848,669 2, 298, 808 1, 843, 654 433, 420 21, 734 649, 861 469,312 80,549 20,540 7,520,435 7,120,544 3, 513, 492 2, 492, 123 644,051 239,361 231,517 399, 891 117,293 16, 771 265, 827 273,316 231, 844 41, 472 32,287 1,610 17,526 842,631 765,671 28,879 48, 081 40, 462 38, 712 1,740 276,564 34,553 212,257 9,310 3,560 39,356 22,089 90, 768 143,016 19,353 268,375 69,167 3,000 4; 590 61,446 102,919 963 25,810 24,531 1,279 134,969 26,774 50 63,434 20(457 1,^04 466 1,438 13,010 67,272 59,488 53,377 5,970 141 7,784 6,886 661 110,617 109, 088 65, 107 37,820 13,343 1,269 1,669 1,429 345 242 842 33,712 31,734 1,978 12,034 258 124,430 88,693 25,465 10, 272 28, 169 27, 119 1,050 20,797 9,054 13,024 692 3,030 Ij 9,962 23,414 31,361 29,722 35,249 224 346 241 795 53,625 $31,985 197,686 1,050,508 963,923 96,685 3,092,171 1,417,925 6,060 9,403,944 163,723 4,168,688 350^ 143 159,038 191, 105 681, 745 77,657,077 76,980,014 62, 245, 463 14,332,085 408, 466 671,063 409, 438 261, 626 31,679 179,622,597 179,042,871 89,798,886 68,940,066 19,469,072 5,626,858 5,208,989 679, 726 101, 812 98,930 378,984 23,994,134 22,378,765 1,616,379 1,496,007 16, 198 19, 161, 261 15,041,565 1,435,728 2,683,978 2,392,518 2,318,538 73, 980 4,437,848 749,587 2, 162, Oil 392, 852 278, 402 491, 436 5,118,036 3,657,611 3,761,331 3,073,685 6,325,593 130,980 18,520 109,901 105, 162 $1,323 1,683 61,112 57,316 3,797 141,365 70 291,518 5,728 57,993 5,936 2,744 3,191 24,669 522, 174 267,360 196, 369 68,046 2,946 264, 814 218, 403 36,411 6,028 1,155,074 1,016,767 428,418 375,966 127,185 30,447 64, 761 138,307 40,933 6,294 91, 147,754 136, 105 11, 649 26,073 790 14,392 344,784 292,308 5,688 46,888 43,934 42, 701 1,233 65, 228 6,258 20, 166 10,259 6,352 12,065 25,803 39,763 176,146 39,201 161,046 25,323 3,171 1,260 9,684 $86,802 430,583 3,195,463 2,883,485 311,978 6491,327 3,142,624 7,1 12,302,023 300,071 5,826,273 714,307 339,826 374, 481 2,194,129 162,854,257 146,287,948 117,337,841 28,206,803 743,304 16,566,309 14,107,460 2,458,849 308,967 339,842,534 331,009,309 165,620,963 112,533,254 32,817,925 10,051,996 9,986,171 8„833,225 2, 138,124 478, 671 6,216,430 29,860,995 27,396,768 2,464,227 2,561,259 . 51,846 1,107,308 32,869,805 25,251,805 3,302,719 4,315,281 3, 653, 986 3,516,275 137, 710 9,681,308 1,290,734 5,170,942 604,859 540,891 1,321,581 7,032,321 6, 122, 199 8,380,858 4,520,676 14,145,603 799,811 76,680 153, 970 851,571 $53,494 231,214 2,083,843 1,872,247 211,596 3,257,791 1,676,430 1,763 2,606,561 130,620 1,599,692 358, 229 178, 044 180, 186 1,487,715 84, 675, 006 69,034,574 54,896,009 13,806,672 331,893 15, 640, 432 13,479,619 2,160,813 271, 260 159,064,863 150,949,671 75,393,659 53,217,232 13,221,668 4,395,691 4,721,421 8, U5, 192 1,995,379 373, 447 5,746,366 5, 719, 107 4,881,908 837, 199 1, 029, 179 34,858 609,067 13, 363, 760 9,917,942 1, 861, 403 1, 584, 416 1,217,533 i,l65,r- 62, 497 6,178,232 534, 889 2,988,765 201, 748 256, 137 818,081 1,888,482 2, 424, 825 4,444,382 1, 407, 790 7, 668, 964 643,508 64,989 42,809 736, 726 41 16 2,217 2,096 121 6,060 2,682 4,2 3,269 115 29 86 928 7,1 4,139 3,049 983 107 3,530 2,861 129 15,250 13,021 5,124 4,963 1,S52 399 693; 2,229 727| 109 1,393 4,808 4,242 566 957 11 267 11,540 9,970 318 1,252 1,902 l,i — 2,072 72 437 238 227 1,059 1,060 5,067 2,512 4,236 540 32 83 285 1,918 15 26 ' 16 1,491 1,370 121 6,010 1,297 i 1 30 310 310 416 416 50 1,385 3 3,707 619 118 444 249 9 179 56 29 26 432 1,938 3,060 60 40 60 480 16 990 921 831 90 1,257 264 HI 153 1 1 1 5; 421 2,953 2,106 740 107 2,468 2,101 367 167 143 142 1 14 14 69 19 SO 993 741 262 358 358 46 532 346 43 100 83 14,360 12,317 6,081 4,853 72 72 17 195 178 1,479 399 505 2,043 660 56 163 25 186 67 8 101 111 1,282 1,678 97 3,033 l,-266 1,633 45 650 94 3 37 2,515 618 270 11 30 1,266 i 131 106 8,639 8,429 iio 1,815 1,640 175 380 88 140 1,447 618 10 819 13 13 1,654 923 308 323 74 46 28 1,509 62 397 106 48 194 6,816 6,181 ■■■■635 250 250 i 183 10 40 45 39 74 940 717 3,907 2,337 1,085 119 343 690 160 2,740 512 307 425 ■■"eii 470 15 411 12 281 247 ioo 26 63 62 7 30 223 1,818 4 36 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 1 36 i 37 38 40 41 I 42 43 44 45 I 46 I 47 48 49 60 . 51 52 53 54 I 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 • 64 • Same nmnbef reported for one or more other months. 1072 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDU3TBT AND CITT. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY, Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male, Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— month. Minlmuni month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16, Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW YORK CITY— Continued. Engraving, wood Envelopes Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Beadwork Celluloid and paper novelties — Metal novelties Wood novelties All other Feathers and plumes Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere specifled. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table foods. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles Meat products and all other for human consumption and for animals and fowls. Foimdry and machine-shop products Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Rattan and willow Metal Store and office fixtures Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric fixtures and all other . . . Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines and gas and water meters. Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Locks Hinges and other builders' ware- All other Hats andcaps, other thanfelt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats, straw Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Ink, writing Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Medical and surgical All other Iron and steel, doors and shutters Ivory, shell, and bone work, not in- cluding combs and hairpins. Japanning Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Labels and tags Lamps and reflectors Reflectors and automobile and carriage lamps. All other lamps , 19 12 79 1,247 19 6 1 26 2 87 1 39 56 1,089 20.5 8 27 41 6 123 3,436 226 471 629 113 1,996 221 6 29 40 3 143 112 3 9 27 3 70 266 13 49 ,45 7 152 157 9 21 23 5 99 2,679 195 363 494 95 1,532 203 21 61 181 4,528 785 404 2,789 139 12 55 175 110 29 41 106 304 79 98 268 165 84 22 84 3,820 681 188 2,156 11 100 9 8 17 2 64 93 77 978 1,711 113 53 14 84 68 183 20 62 763 1,329 755 8 22 725 824 210 18,821 180 1,500 17,141 8,216 6,994 617 7 6 604 1,238 254 689 13 48 628 199 182 1,583 43 1,633 919 649 514 2 19 493 341 326 16,418 161 1,384 13,883 5,519 6,683 474 265 10,295 5,821 510 289 414 222 634 355 187 97 8,6.60 4,868 19 36 154 52 450 1,818 2,206 1,124 22 37 162 59 12 63 117 37 17 115 147 46 7 49 34 9 392 1,564 1,746 974 111 29 82 20 7 3,391 923 2,468 11,145 1,178 92 24 68 i 143 38 105 306 27 387 101 286 3,263 120 87 20 67 162 30 2,682 740' 1,942 7,414 1,000 8 912 3 25 37 9 838 123 1,631 139 59 71 50 1,312 33 9 570 759 36 5 10 21 25 40 19 7 - 480 686 79 35 841 253 89 33 29 18 52 24 52 12 619 160 49 8 12 29 1,490 112 344 1,034 29 4 9 16 65 6 16 43 154 4 27 123 36 1 12 23 1,206 97 280 829 273 4,785 390 100 186 90 4,019 31 70 303 118 1,456 2,798 8,846 2,071 29 61 359 129 37 110 168 62 82 173 373 162 26 134 254 85 1,282 2,320 7,692 1,633 52 1,097 13 70 46 2 966 23 9 67 849 243 1,464 20 5 64 58 15 68 238 55 200 56 7 49 477 161 1,083 28 39 437 1,027 25 39 26 42 38 162 6 43 342 741 10 22 355 208 12 21 9 13 19 9 6 10 309 155 10 512 ■61 31 84 6,519 894 806 12 619 60 20 3 215 38 38 1 583 37 100 2 456 25 49 4,647| 734i 699 34 14 1,093 482 23 13 56 14 90 42 36 13 4^ 20 611 10 42 48 22 489 edpow er only. J Jigi itizi BdL )y/ Vlicn JyS Jyl Mh Co Fe Mh Oc Se Je Je De De Jy Fe Fe Mh Fe No Oc Mh Oc Fe Se Mh Oc Je Jy Je Ja Ja Je Mh Se Fe Ja My De Mh Se- Oo Ja Oc No My Mh Fe 57 1,115 237 467 553 105 1,692 4,6 625 205 74 820 1,402 16,035 164 1,642 14,467 7,210 5,932 Ja 5, 183 424 1,812 2,187 1,098 776 2,032 7, 695 1,133 1,040 1,455 561 736 668 175 101 353 904 4,227 1,354 3,062 8,220 1,750 Jy8 1,205 Se No 358 486 172 Je 72 Mh 4,871 No 801 Ja 449 553 Au' 54 1,043 De Ja De De Jy De Ja Ap3 128 307 433 76 1,374 3,282 540 175 Jy3 Fe Ja De Mh De Se Ja Ja Oc De Oc Fe Jy Ja Jy Oc No No De Mh Oc Au No Ja Ja No 60 727 1,233 14,461 138 1.245 12,988 3,976 5,295 Du 4, 721 337 1,422 1,561 799 692 1,834 7,208 695 1,051 401 559 160, 240 726 No 3,873 My & De Jy Ja Ja JyS 1,134 1,538 6,784 1,492 I 757 468 154 319 500 81 130 Oo8 62 Au 4,393 Mh3 700 Oc 583 Au De 359 I 380 1,0 2,809 196 348 476 107 3,831 694 186 2,290 74 816 1,400 16,690 159 1,326 14,205 6,903 5,733 8,110 4,738 376 1,418 1,578 977 2,721 759 1,962 7,228 949 I 833 I 1,383 461 640 69l' 168 1,163 96; 2S6 772' 4,124 1,387, 2,522, 7,818 1,687 1,074 474 170 945 425 152 63 4,731 765 578 791 366 43 426 1,244 7 169 364 82 622 462 160 112 1,619 34 615 970 15, 199 159 l,i 13,734 5,055 1,672 V,i 4,672 361 1,386 1,574 864 2,580 675 1,905 7,223 906 762 207 633 218 167 1,043 90 286 3,388 864 1,245 2,269 619 1,074 466 1, 322 767 425 116 62 4,172 481 437 705 364 341 1,483 188 163 112 25 1,297 412 72 666 40 198 428 443 18 425 3,998 209 157 16 33 4 112 29 104 240 7 373 5 109 103 735 618 1,271 5,405 1,053 6 81 162 143 33 517 266 136 85 85 1 13 4 1 S 12 1 1 34 30 / ^//"fWDl^Bj/^ft^^ power, other than electric. S34,204 1,760,264 197,930 435,452 754,966 122,825 1,812,766 4,567,259 801,192 727,798 5,507,696 160,610 1,516,593 3,830,493 68,319,865 165,630 2,316,932 65,837,303 17,434,210 9,255,833 11,782,464 7,656,990 217,570 1,904,489 2,103,416 1,640,156 4,676,123 1,261,584 3,414,539 230,497,346 5,157,698 1,641,392 1,353, 601,349 1,874,194 1,687,847 189,167 2,976,058 130,694 819,005 2,026,299 3,621,063 , 4,000,411 3,381,105 13,314,213 3,818,816 8,050,757 4,116,159 951,242 2,585,789 516,686 2,069,103 612,889 117,461 16,047,640 798,433 1,098,000 2,171,626 614,870 1,556,758 NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1073 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. T&xes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tiou en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. {1,560 81,046 220,449 5,640 19,679 43,208 4,830 147,192 309, 192 77,570 96,201 363,870 11,160 50,732 301,978 2,100,945 25,457 168,005 1,907,483 460,415 545,391 860,917 504,198 16,019 131,420 209,282 133,381 394,749 97,487 297,262 984,754 180,879 63,715 93,266 15,604 85,154 66,540 £,405 167,939 7,753 47,254 112,932 181,390 95,348 270,348 446,332 148,660 128,338 436,912 49,694 147,366 41,372 106,994 27,036 16,260 20,481 555,854 67,608 123,769 150,724 47,463 103,261 $3,118 109,495 349,444 15,848 89,779 57,900 7,736 178,181 435,741 117,614 101,564 424,753 9,932 107,628 307,193 2,131,178 8,908 59,968 2,062,302 1,191,348 1,023,647 753,416 462,222 17,964 104, 140 169,090 55,314 606,328 142,819 463,509 1,935,839 217,373 39,912 34,918 68,174 102,231 22,878 133,937 4,360 34,319 95,258 241,621 82,656 317,040 588,868 218,403 46,920 396,162 107,962 191,712 32,661 159,151 20,224 11,037 1,793 962,310 44,384 136,903 97,219 53,688 43,531 835,141 650,312 1,234,161 54,006 180,202 244,989 51, 439 703,515 1,728,373 290,518 88,797 1,082,013 26,193 324, 773 731,047 11,726,738 93,631 1,095,173 10,636,934 4, 116, 246 2,909,101 6,682,185 3,243,485 207,011 835,995 1,395,694 596,360 1,798,078 499, 416 1,298,662 4,206,217 665,961 484,436 856,542 227,428 550, 698 289,515 107,667 752,367 63,528 216, 727 472, 112 2,660,118 840,966 1,451,527 3,402,175 836,439 395,662 87,869 793,278 246,453 547,825 242,634 77,164 43,600 1,622,828 375,199 376,995 531,478 248,626 , J4,580 8,794 $6,980 75,223 93,066 33:959 13,541 2,879 2,500 40,187 232,941 10,471 49,162 38,443 11,200 123,665 39,370 3,881 1,161 19,614 309,996 46, 470 52,125 245,042 11,400 89,017 144,626 19,614 176,440 3,248 4,951 168, 241 182,391 832,014 744,618 14,617 39,114 690,887 1,105,777 390,777 225,296 161,267 859,907 544,951 32,240 94,493 188,223 62,247 1,946 62,083 67,369 ■ 16,397 241,720 52,593 189,127 60,996 3,276 16,397 103,139 66 14,332 2,850 27,036 103,264 42,260 9,832 31,228 222,027 18,547 3,000 65,260 26,426 4,882 2,528 1,418 936 90,758 8,195 12,248 70,315 67,875 256,116 288 6,769 1,218,226 16,864 40,026 208,350 273,961 130,094 4,627 138,895 56,146 39,640 20,168 91,257 34,674 11,137 23,637 22,464 68,793 6,268 9,305 •14,840 9,533 449,946 51,916 74,752 173,328 15,473 12,901 4,330 30 53,254 17,699 4,300 36,655 $5 5,434 6,033 316 388 1,576 106 3,648 6,629 2, 5,696 31,768 477 % 21,425 312,501 1,372 16,803 295, 326 38, 607 7,256 64,566 39,633 6,029 9,695 4, 21,061 903 20,168 2,326,558 35,736 11,286 2,979 237 19,637 3,863 348 11,241 1,241 2,503 7,497 2,321 11,469 4, 37, 651 18, 714 101,797 4,675 9,176 1,693 7,583 1,904 17 HI 9,874 926 3,962 12,003 3,571 8,432 $11,073 1,069,649 3,609,430 660,263 560, 491 362, 276 28,717 1,907,683 5,597,323 714, 610 898,029 9,109,376 304,349 1,544,330 7,260,696 12,709,612 104, 598 629,672 11,975,242 16,050,699 12,688,733 9,163,536 4,627,822 207, 497 2,370,927 1,957,290 566,534 3,040,399 785,870 '2,254,529 6,582,437 1,147,249 246,500 474,299 2,471,013 1,008,634 125,995 1, 721, 434 42, 606 271, 632 1,407,196 5,152,385 1,972,065 6,037,271 9,399,636 4,549,647 440,903 2,661,736 365,322 960,390 186,332 774,058 261,081 199,674 33,848 10,589,496 477,609 751,896 909,008 364, 833! $355 18,842 36,499 1,117 7,183 8,670 2,166 16,373 27, 492 10, 273 5,823 218,076 3,674 65,909 148,493 677, 400 5,520 92,088 479, 792 79,296 53,316 228, 122 128,299 5,231 52, 489 42, 103 38,545 88,661 23,960 64, 701 11,691,676 46,398 103,806 40,868 4,119 274,867 5,651 4,— 44, 630 3,673 14, 717 26, 140 53,112 25, 118 39, 106 108, 760 32,206 918,902 63,899 6,817 35,240 12, 178 23,062 11,050 4,813 2,714 93, 148 10,297 14,363 22, 702 11, 993; $99,857 2,287,110 6,899,434 893, 765 1, 089, 185 964,623 134, 114 3,817,747 10,247,911 1,639,391 1,514,627 13,341,495 409,146 2,437,736 10,494,613 41,418,120 340, 839 2, 488, 414 38,688,867 29,070,984 21,446,080 21,611,530 11,517,212 624,569 4,612,050 4,967,r" 1,945,004 7,278,042 1,914,295 5,363,747 42,299,984 3,449,413 1,217,665 2,730,098 937,861 3,997,637 1,980,677 421,894 3,847,378 159,816 695,296 2,492,266 10,523,884 i 3,601,944i 8,586,261 19,006,869, 6,440,055 3,664,182 2,304,377, ^ Same numbfet reported for one^r more other months. 6,113,476! 882, 728 3,231,399; 765,9761 2,465,423 705,058 372,838 127, 138 20, 467, 868 1,362,068 1,885,480 I 1,977,741 889,637, $88,429 1,198,619 3,354,506 232,385 521,511 603, 677 103, 241 1,893,691 4,623,096 914,508 610, 775 4,014,044 101,123 827,497 3,085,424 28, 131, 20S 230, 721 1, 766, 654 26,133,833 12,940,989 8,704,031 12,219,872 6,761,091 411,841 2,088,634 2,968,306 1,340,926 4,148,992 1,104,475 3,044,517 24,025,871 2,266,766 868,369 1,802,298 459, 443 1,251,757 966,392 291,200 1,581,414 113, 637 408, 947 1,058,930 5,318,387 1,604,761 3,509,885 9,498,474' 1,858,202, 3, 487, 842 520, 589 2,235,769 567,466 1,668,303 442,927 168,351 90,576 9, 785, 225 874,262 1,119,231 1,046,031 622, 711 DimiMed'W A#£3fbsG#^ 5 736 1,055 5 213 360 154 302 149 . 124 3,842 147 1,575 2,120 21,800 206 2,008 19,586 1,161 824 7,939 3,827 153 2,016 1,943 1,234 1, 285 1, 34, 675 1,479 711 552 47 2,037 26 73 1,478 86 567 679 434 652 2,873 903 27,314 152 731 410 321 247 102 1,927 479 430 578 223| 355' 600 680 160 240 126 65 1,594 700 9,919 110 727 4,587 2,462 1,265 870 665 665 34,271 330 636 71 1,976 718 60 338 330 100 305 160 1,520 510 24,825 2,402 195 195 250 250 90 4 625 45 516 66 3,292 76 115 3,101 7 24 1,0 427 5 499 87 24 275 332 750 224 13 116 65 34 35 69 168 23 2,466 206 65. "i- 52L 22. 24 5 236 1 221 385 5 26 96 26 232 50 50 141 104 80 1,623 ""'366 102 360 1,161 140 226 8,589 20 1,166 7,403 1,154 700 10, 544 "153 10,391 108 25 2,323 948 618 3 148 653 574 482 '""456 165 806 261 544 72 399 16 is 3,711 425 76 245 303 47 60 "i,'6i6 21 73 536 22 113 401 542 68 94 343 1,185 370 52 9 '""ioi 7 2,755 256 87 462 742 40 163 299 40 223 70 57 1,851 449 333 239 165 75 74 75 82101°— 18 68 1074 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKY AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum montb. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW YORK CITY— Continued Lasts Leather goods, not elsewh ere specified Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt .' Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames Lubricating greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Embroideries Trimmed hats and hat frames. . . Women's neckwear, dress and cloak trimmings, braids, fringes, and all other. Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials. Metal and stringed instruments. . All other Musical instruments, organs Musical instruments, pianos Musicalinstruments, piano and organ materials. Oil, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paints Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds. . . Paving materials Pens, fountain and stylographic Pens, gold Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Photographic apparatus Cameras and motion-picture ma- ' chines. All other apparatus and parts Photographic materials Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves Pickles and sauces Pipes, tobacco Plated ware Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pottery China, earthen, and stone ware . All other Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing B ook publishing and printing Book publishing, without print- ing. Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printmg and publishing Prlntmg, publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pumps, steam and other power Refrigerators , Regalia and society badges and em- blems. Roofing materials Rubber goods notelsewhere spe'oifled Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Canned - All other 156 15 63 121 121 10 6 180 3 258 133 1,233 379 367 487 271 47 99 18 46 30 16 6 87 44 81 68 318 7 22 9 131 65 25 15 10 10 63 12 51 16 15 32 7 3 4 1,705 1,455 22 205 23 874 85 126 663 17 8 21 33 15 35 134 83 5 78 238 4,050 486 7,442 6,007 1,261 72 578 5,277 101 3,982 1,795 30,370 6,772 10,613 12,985 2,031 286 270 168 102 50 7,570 2,479 223 646 3,532 2,788 3,524 482 985 262 1, 2,038 719 121 131 1,507 634 873 1, 622 737 106 631 28,847 23,930 1,508 3,137 272 32, 673 18, 323 4,019 10,331 216 220 600 178 334 2,550 401 35: 1 Owned power only. 2 192 15 5 77 121 11 2 129 267 163 1,497 453 454 590 299 54 101 16 S5 35 20 11 26 11 6 44 60 33 188 1,623 1,379 8 115 21 339 25 70 244 11 1 13 41 6 20 130 259 184 47 10 19 244 9 227 57 694 182 246 266 224 55 16 190 113 326 12 34 16 116 118 1,315 954 49 23 1,776 504 202 1,070 18 16 23 13 291 81 855 487 94 15 15 354 229 104 2,022 434 715 873 138 67 78 55 10 10 414 69 607 219 640 25 231 15 295 314 67 59 22 141 06 75 29 61 22 4 18 3,031 1,311 196 1,520 5,639 26 23 41 11 27 166 12 37 4 111 17 40 182 37 8 4 61 44 42 1,211 208 467 536 23 26 61 17 7 6 1 4 201 21 18 37 171 110 448 3 173 13 392 69 20 11 6 1,965 679 76 4 6,509 2,153 411 3,945 202 3,357 352 6,283 5,077 538 83 3,215 1,429 24, 946 5,495 8,731 10, 720 1,492 820 1,012 179 190 110 80 35 6,705 100 461 2,504 2,313 1,922 442 528 212 1,059 1,510 589 507 82 87 1,209 514 695 1,430 553 494 671 93 578 21, 013 19, 607 1,179 220 12,524 10, 002 2,310 212 152 176 516 113 267 2,282 248 237 Fe s 226 Oc 3,922 Fe 432 Au Mh Mh Mil 3 Ja Au 6,548 5,161 1,019 29 594 4,840 De 120 Jy 3,778 My 1,475 Mh 6, 095 Mh 11,108 Oo 11,624 Jy 1,675 Oc 871 Mh 1, 123 Se 185 Mha Fe' Oc Ja Mh My Mh My De Ml Ja Oc Fe 117 84 39 7,177 2,467 103 491 2,625 2,421 1,999 639 572 233 1,136 1,538 Fe No Jya Oc Au My No Jy 753 1,520 709 518 De Mh 109 614 Mh Ja 20, 742 1,336 10 De Je Fe Oc Oc De No Je Je 10,229 2,394 275 162 181 590 118 338 2,522 2S3 Wi^tizmSyi/limMoftmi 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Au Ja Se Fe Jy Jy3 Je Fe No De Ja 168 3,122' 273 6,043 494 4,158 60 2,719 1,366 De /o De 4,724 6,560 9,775 1,364 779 914 175 Se Au Fe Jy Jy Se ^p De De Je Fe Se De Ja Se 97 71 31 5,730 2,156 96 441 2,377 2,190 1,688 288 505 194 971 1,478 De Jy» Tea My! Fe De Jy Ja Jy 449 ..74 85 359 621 377 464 79 530 Se Jy No 18,645 1,098 5 Jy Ap Oc Au De Au Ap Je De De 9,790 2,210 163 145 167 293 107 238 1,840 242 12 220 186 3,337 374 6,322 6,175 978 29 529 4,311 120 2,951 1,451 21, 481 5,748 8,691 7,042 1,400 823 964 175 193 115 78 38 6,863 2,325 100 472 2,385 2,198 2,030 418 526 196 1,020 1,540 625 450 75 87 1,244 583 661 1, 528 512 649 109 540 20,992 19,599 1,174 6 213 12,763 10,233 2,360 170 153 168 471 118 1,882 245 240 13 227 184 2,363 353 6,315 4,382 907 29 522 4,279 120 2,942 1,009 6,622 1,487 3,390 1,745 820 163 187 112 75 38 6,768 2,038 94 423 2,131 1,252 1,055 417 460 170 410 1,497 508 448 60 77 "701 344 «57 1,040 475 508 546 87 459 17,268 16,435 11,143 2,186 55 147 168 471 45 267 1,157 234 239 1 903 21 7 782 65 385 14, 452 4,105 5,199 5,148 11 18 133 65 186 250 926 960 1 65 25 594 37 16 1 15 10 541 239 302 229 53 22' 77 3,488 2,937 528 5 18 1,572 1,306 166 110 6 92 207 198 33 18 29 22 $243,712 4,273,181 1,953,238 102,768,016 10,785,454 1,457,744 243,819 2,377,352 10,258,801 1,401,219 8,197,637 1,881,095 28,962,869 7,229,469 9,904,126 11,829,268 3,197,942 2,136,277 1,649,816 1,413,143 400,241 250,017 150,224 67,391 25,220,640 4,544,670 516,930 928,413 18,228,712 5,229,831 10,178,207 1,961,772 1,705,283 382,216 2,929,070 1,493,255 1,121,933 935,823 186,108 719,709 2,687,437 1,108,545 1,678,892 1,299,324 1,036,078 1,088,015 1,600,724 159,377 1,441,347 52,094,480 30,724,465 3,619,342 17,329,973 420,700 73,076,561 42,442,775 7,978,839 22,654,947 468,809 589,812 1,145,500 128,448 1,350,150 4,577,490 477,414 564,309 8,710 555,599 NEW YORK. OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1075 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value • added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- giaes.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 144,930 202,270 79,126 1,916,428 731,433 117,591 23,910 71,740 497,257 29,516 518,865 118,725 1,533,308 420,422 575, 194 537,692 141,997 50,432 147,208 43,092 17,532 15,972 1,560 844,525 196,057 112,267 35,588 668,884 354,146 1,021,824 33,407 72,690 31, 748 440,332 322,819 109,690 85,630 24,060 36,742 148,790 85.130 63,660 33,087 61,890 63,048 91,814 12,039 79,775 3,647,819 39,657 47,000 76,010 17,502 47,521 192,206 5,202 5,993 $21,228 408,027 87,108 1,546,013 787,063 115,610 21,293 19,492 419,236 12,934 283,999 123,937 2,983,339 582,212 1,015,128 1,385,999 133,626 83,139 106,228 63,092 13,897 13,221 676 2,116 628,002 71,471 74,031 108,831 1,059,564 273,800 994,638 28,326 242,669 27,818 691,858 376,693 65,332 48,602 16,830 19,949 182,849 85,540 97,309 34,677 112,902 60,188 30,654 2,662 28,092 4,493,128 1,941,688 260,129 2,296,225 19,012,721 9,506,021 1,516,249 7,990,451 39,796 26,909 36, 119 9,925 61,768 207,967 18,622 30,062 5,993 30,062 $164,025 1,863,774 211,771 $17,537 213, 239 23,485 $3,261 9,673 7,364 $65,595 387,106 5,648,074 4,131,116 562,365 16,891 376, 133 3,130,973 251,710 386,144 8,034 93, 116 494, 976 ^ 147,767 6,426 44,643 268,058 10,885,002 44 111 3,047 1,587 5,385 - 66,521 121,941 77, 074 200 484,018 200 1,581,941 1,090,632 60,819 430,490 7,794 51,985 2,678 35,225 13,708 8,976 12,541 3,030,935 901,531 12,395,887 2,806,731 4,982,196 4,606,960 220,423 150,836 1,870,083 398,663 749,344 722,076 962,953 529,947 623,366 6,093 11,260 14,226 185,652 73,708 126,614 18,936 6,430 3,289 112,546 112, 112 64,826 47,286 720 1,235 10,336 31,714 21,960 9,754 11,636 2,403 1,662 741 - 25,686 4,622,990 1,222,986 63,141 277,445 1,646,205 1,097,110 1,041,411 337,248 340,706 1,753 255,296 6,014 616,699 142,389 29,659 37,085 146,376 165,324 287,920 26,197 32,773 179 79,756 12,647 1, 4,294 122,387 172,202 93,635 16,246 2,295 5,619 1,348 4,001 3,785 47,122 62,174 100,098 148,965 523,842 1,643,016 430,364 381,798 293 550 61,997 35,777 34,150 14,651 204,623 160,078 46,635 36,371 1,279 40,389 3,272 2,467 2,194 48,566 1,627 11,264 263 51, 897 10.940 124; 466 26,173 98,293 29,416 27,802 625 17,260 7,415 9,845 3,622 1,539 673,212 311,937 3,573 361,275 746,479 336,217 3,573 3,066 2.839 272,983 3,150 47,460 2,225 379,605 7,680 13,142 1,167 11,985 131,681 48,954 330,651 16,969,295 7,680 2,391,269 7,135,993 15,009,406 716,637 3,985 972,801 220,917 5,942,275 1,968,176 86,429 317,811 76,972 17,342 37,015 239, 367 18,853 352 12,885,641 2,880,270 2,101,238 342,927 10,565,298 2,121,474 842,435 321,182 1,033,923 262,405 228,308 50,427 198,869 128,120 135,546 336,762 56,164 1,716,653 1,783 804,910 24,975 18,256 30,888 14,130 64,192 1,232 2,155 8,778 369 36,716 10,178 198,667 1,142,684 167,414 13,314 24,173 652 13,433 45,281 51,002 6,219 26,633 2,412 193,236 9,173 181,063 38,506 2,576 1,880 36,626 2,576 $125,046 5,108,004 1,811,311 14,647,763 4,360,197, 989, 056 212, 836 277, 183 6,683,067 3,365,837 2,794,663 36,279,426 5,553,697 15,090,032 15,635,697 1,559,617 1,380,695 806,760 809, 419 150,336 70, 169 80,167 19,020 10,082,988 1,851,893 436,925 619,007 13,207,190 3,452,036 6,227,076 554,992 746,414 260,790 2, 790, 259 731,676 549, 181 601,067 48,114 200,217 4,217,053 2,321,639 1,895,414 1,547,600 388,908 962,922 109,395 13,993 95,402 16,711,232 13,479,669 1,332,813 1,864,207 34,543 27,790,209 17,943,134 2,661,789 7,285,286 267,371 170,632 736,276 124,517 783,533 1,848,187 4q5,360 2,059,732 Di&fme lumber reported $15,592 36, 157 16, 462 1,238,923 111,258 14,926 1,139 37,406 121,306 14,237 155, 788 25,509 330, 187 70, 944 131,061 128, 182 66,704 27,691 32,723 23,881 5,910 3,663 2,357 892 125,940 47,508 8,659 13, 146 253,284 107,384 68,062 35,935 12,686 4,377 15,835 68, 174 11,931 10,960 971 7,123 46,278 27,339 18,939 31,004 16,789 24,072 81,435 8,109 73,326 743,107 696, 721 34,513 2,873 10,000 605,030 484,643 114,336 6,151 6,623 7,809 5,101 2,028 17,685 75, 632 6,069 33,941 » Same uumbw reported $508,694 9,627,011 2,747,766 56,311,597 13,617,487 2,423,637 366, 485 1,028,821 12,822,869 731, 846 9,456,855 4, 734, 436 70,800,274 13,960,361 27,645,149 29,194,774 4,278,006 2,538,608 2,714,046 1,434,939 547,280 366,084 181, 196 58,883 20,463,818 4,607,460 1,894,1 1,237,647 21,661,546 7,127,178 17,836,905 1,043,012 4,696,404 673,814 6,197,065 3,766,327 1,645,060 1,441,319 203,731 373,993 6,410,755 3,135,574 3,275,181 2,624,873 1,145,; 1,578,077 782,636 74,943 707, 692 68,272,608 45,034,131 3,470,561 19,334,733 433,183 113,715,577 57,605,125 10,023,906 46,086,546 668. 171 533,217 -1,382,920 304,353 ,^1,359,548 4,864,561 852,861 2,747,457 $368,056 4,382,860 919,993 40,>124,911 9,146,032 1,419,665 142,511 714,233 6,018,487 107,640 5,934,230 1, 914, 264 34,190,661 8,335,710 12,424,066 13,430,895 2,651,784 1,130,322 1,875,573 601,639 391,034 292,362 98, 672 38, 971 10,254,890 2,708,059 449,249 705,394 8,201,072 3,567,756 11,541,767 452,086 3,836,r' 308,647 3,390,971 2,976,477 1,083,938 929,292 164,646 - 166,653 2,147,424 786,696 1,360,828 1,046,369 740, 696 to, 083 691,806 52,841 638,964 50,818,269 30,858,741 2,103,236 17,467,663 388,640 85,320,338 39,177,448 7,347,781 88,796,109 394, 177 364,776 641,543 177,808 558,330 2,940,832 441,442 321 579 769 42,520 4,356 364 S3 3,397 13,628 517 10,281 812 4,636 898 1,560 2,177 712 447 139 91' 48 25' 4,894 1,922 233 229 11,093 3,140 2,141 1,359 202 100 550 489 214 192 22 58 1,331 538 793 651 497 756 570 125 445 19,361 18,021 1,218 19 103 18,884 15,407 3,229 248 214 868 631 23 317 4,558 67 804 39 765 125 100 620 41, 326 2,130 188 40 3,227 10,365 517 6,015 320 666 168 398 404 182 124 30 30 1,672 130 6,344 2,486 1,219 1,276 146 666 300 366 460 213 585 490 125 366 2,605 1,850 755 3,095 2,995 100 120 265 475 5 31 24 320 199 36 7 100 1,325 1,112 38 332 20 147 165 436 238 102 56 66 38 18 2,871 169 304 207 149 68 70 19 970 967 3 3,560 30 191 874 2,027 140 6 70 1,938 3,164 454 3,647 878 1,245 1,524 696 241 267 53 23 30 5 683 187 103 485 618 84 167 78 369 481 197 178 19 38 458 89 369 131 265 107 80 15, 786 16,204 459 19 103 16,715 12,388 3,179 148 36 58 115 13 28 924 46 765 34 721 67 100 12,178 2,208 81 820 3,702 324 2,965 76 158 4 30 124 43 109 7 3 25 25 1,558 494 2,203 1,155 600 56 1 470 1,703 1,594 109 2,160 2,145 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 61 52 53 64 55 56 20 2,480 1076 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHAMTANT8 IND0STET AND CITY. PERSONS KNQAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, IStli day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. "WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50.000 INHABITANTS OB, MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. NEW TORK CITY— Continued. Saws Scales and balances Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Repair work only Small boats, masts, and spars. Shirts Signs and advertising novelties , . . Electric signs and advertising novelties. Other signs Silk goods, including throwsters . Finished products Throwsters and winders Silversmithing and silverware . . Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, not from the . ore. Soap Sporting and athletic goodsl . . . Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus. Steam packing Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping. Stoves and hot-air furnaces Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in 'steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified. . Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. Smoking Chewing, snuff, and all other. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified Shovels, spades, scoops, and car- penters^ and machmists' tools. All other Toys and games Trunks and valises Type founding Typewriters and supplies. Typewriters Carbon paper Ribbons and all other Umbrellas and canes Varnishes Watch and clock materials Window and door screens and weather strips. Window shades and fixtures.. . Wirework, Including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified. Wood carpet Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods,not elsewhere specified All other industries* 7 7 71 300 7 5 4 12 59 2,375 57 73 16 11 32 184 945 1,211 219 9,071 16 <■ 10 31 271 42 18 13 97 219 48 2,037 920 209 34 101 42 171 94 81 13 1,.117 6,848 6,186 462 175 93 78 15 59 119 112 7 35 126 13 803 5,192 336 27 126 21 38 135 7 38 22 7 2,377 715 288 22 21 3 76 14 19 42 4,500 15 101 50 1,612 43 65 66 21 853 1,028 76 9 18 58 27 17 440 156 17 16 27 12 37 6 12 303 1,271 625 236 6,473 18 1 12 255 63 24 9 325 62 569 47 44 81 1,430 101 41 46 38 3,481 188 29 38 87 6 27 11 1,650 128 40 27,849 28 10 1,710 • 5 1 397 51 6 277 41 48 2 20 7 45 82 136 3 236 1,871 2,401 23 46 66 147 1 13 85 81 2 44 26 8 10 137 38 1,152 751 191 210 2,051 1,243 27 15 6 6 162 24 63 38 17 13 76 104 5 7 13 124 ■ 4 6 1 5 94 66 781 1,124 95 68 26 64 6 82 23 654 192 395 172 35,655 4 88 23 564 6 11 11 879 31 48 9 494 129 73 56 369 338 31 118 658 43 354 26 11 313 149 39 203 50 12 182 72 27 490 128 190 2 1 1,795 63 135 1 4 6 2 286 79 43 36 120 111 22 139 15 311 15 6 24 21 182 365 1 18 92 60^ 12! 4 9, 3 15 3,025 1,247 50 228 2,145 852 1,129 164 7,923 1,519 728 791 5,947 5,547 400 4,134 250 1,614 639 229 3,991 1,294 710 702 324 111 974 516 170 5,318 379 1,083 3,127 120 93 27 23,488 193 28 165 1, 1,983 19 879 595 119 165 1,557 651 547 904 166 284 115 1,940 m, 58 242 Je Oo Ja Fe 1,051 1,333 238 8,771 Ja 867 Fe My Oo Ja My Au No Au Ap Mh Se3 Aps Ja Au Fe Ja Mh Oo My Jy Mh 5,800 445 656 4,277 277 1,678 727 251 4,262 1,362 752 721 523 114 996 618 183 5,873 39: 1,123 3,290 My Au Se Jy Jes 169 2,274 2,063 My Je My a Mh Je Je Oo Oc 766 12s 170 1,709 126 Oc 212 Oc 311 Je 135 Oo Oc 38 205 No Au De 676 955 90 6,976 Mh No 8 592 731 De No Se Au Fe De De Au My No Au Ses Se Oo Ja Ja De 6,084 355 541 4,036 • 220 ,1,516 687 206 3,647 1,165 668 673 167 109 950 428 146 4,562 363 1,016 2,951 IVTha 98 Se 88 Au 32 My 3 26 Ja 23,892 De 22,482 Jy 3 160 Ja 921 Ja 1, Oc 13 Oo De De No Au V) Fe ^/ Ap 109 169 865 Fe 120 Ja 258 No 42 218 1,9 718 1,095 113 8,295 1,523 758 765 5,828 5,243 385 4,109 276 649 205 3,723 1,25^^ 770 417 113 951 443 182 5,792 376 3,129 117 90 27 23,185 201 28 173 1,627 2,000 23 957 687 109 161 1,596 642 7 77 586 909 138 293 104 1,912 42 218 717 1,095 112 2,815 1,243 548 2,200 2,134 66 582 4,083 273 1,402 426 205 3,0Cfl 606 761 679 394 101 929 443 178 5,784 125 607 2,625 65 54 11 10,917 182 154 901 1,823 23 806 657 86 63 784 609 7 72 460 817 138 288 74 23,548 1 5,309 264 206 3,246 2,928 317 22 21 1 221 219 716 246 665 487 62 16 12,200 16 16 662 167 137 23 20 94 779 119 81 6,206 31 48 48 6 121 1186,568 289,876 5,115,416 1,927,881 2,692,560 594,985 12,920,771 1,999,334 1,164,491 834,843 11,620:820 10,475,634 1,145,186 1,748,961 31,389,990 2, 784, 772 11,517,627 903,496 287,420 8,728,226 1,680,064 1,020,664 3,429,933 1,057,984 154,236 1,304,110 702,739 410,401 10,242,717 701,948 1,665,335 11,217,214 223,887 78,551 53,380,788 363,384 41,321 322,063 1,075,553 2,353,696 35,466 2,352,272 1,642,528 340, 159 869,536 2,453,220 6,952,301 16,573 185,764 1,556,025 1,910,801 147,014 236, 731 267,695 174,206,204 * AU other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Aluminum ware 2 Artists' materials '.V.'.V.V.'.V, 8 Asbestos products, not 'includiiig steam packing 3 Baking powders and yeast " 14 Belting and hose, rubber 1 Beltingand hose, woven ] 2 Billiard tables and materials 15 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 1 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Butter, reworking '. 1 Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables r 4 Cardboard, not made in paper mills. . 2 Cash registers 3 Cloth, sp onging and refinlshlng 22 Clothmg, horse 5 Cordage and twine 4 Cork, cutting 29 C ott on lace , 5 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supphes 2 gS^lrft^©/S»^2@S^,sj'- '"' 1 Owned power only. Engines, steam, gas, and water 4 Felt goods 1 Files 4 Fire extinguishers, chemical 4 Fireworks 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 6 Foundry supplies 1 Fuel,manulactured 1 Galvanizing .' 5 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 4 ' pld f,5d silv';r,,iB6«nd loll 37 ■ ^a}tsHlB®eingandrefiiiing, not from the ore 12 Hat and cap materials 64 Hats, wool-felt 5 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, steelworks and rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 3 Iron and steel forgings 7 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, out and wrought, including wire nails.. 4 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 2 ! Includes rented power, other than electric. NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1077 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- .tors.i Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. »5,700 45,695 199,826 94,196 76,526 29,105 236,302 Zi2,647 129,565 103,092 318, 122 306,421 11, 701 103,158 640,395 23,715 224,259 37,239 50,238 261,143 161,762 44, 818 217,404 78,737 14,295 164,661 102,857 17,452 111,662 87,083 224,382 18,700 17,400 1,300 1,124,388 18,800 5,080 13,720 146,862 170,253 3,900 178,382 84,978 50,773 42,631 169, 138 395,609 2,600 11,900 68,840 147,569 12,348 16,400 14, 752 2,969,200 $7,428 45,956 118,317 41,270 66,740 10,307 6i0,g01 156,743 70,452 86,291 469, 733 421,360 48,373 127, 763 884,603 79,580 484,606 30,374 14,994 400,845 264,314 46,660 284,932 54,092 16,635 182,851 91,894 34,600 610,491 63,354 150,338 202,956 3,320 2,124 1,196 2,686,936 8,400 1,516 6,884 79,376 165,461 156 141,634 68,077 53,060 20,497 218, 104 602,811 520 20,022 135, 234 74,002 15,392 6,407 19, 121 4,495,993 $27,863 155,580 1,945,098 605, 195 1,217,337 122,566 3,260,943 960,847 438,408 522,439 2,847,937 2,713,403 134,634 430,982 3,338,199 177,652 867,601 421,393 141,392 1, 977, 705 608, 162 594,620 606,916 207, 865 79, 791 978, 130 419,830 108,060 3,667,203 205,262 501,891 1,736,496 45,724 35,976 9,748 11,058,095 121, 633 13, 134 108,499 701,664 1,152,303 13,196 352, 536 64,765 80,797 836,411 442, 636 4 61,041 288,762 451,619 165,854 184, 152 52, 136 18,511,621 $500 3,467 $2,101 28,193 $1,316 908 16,430 99,368 42,758 9,055 6,975 400 4,171,531 21,715 62,970 14,683 . 332,787 14,214 25,371 3,173 13,607 71,424 46,724 161,934 62,541 4,981 1,751 ,24,700 <166,908 388,038 78,870 102,393 260,238 220,076 30, 162 3,230 31, 140 30,496 644 7,071 37,161 46,214 319,669 8,764 45,588 23,380 30,040 116,798 7,723 162,572 415 100 41,506 2,673 5,422 38,577 ^,077 9,894 . 94,893 4,350 7,347 13,772 42,262 96,141 4,198 5,702 11,443 2,650 21,534 17,965 11,314 1,087 29,278 110, 744 43, 520 19,862 246,369 2,870 15,770 1,-983 64,248 1,000 490,508 2,725 54,117 2,203 64,612 86,192 601 71,000 900 90,306 15,393 70,797 35,264 •900 11,848 3,645 826,361 18,942 16,322 13,236,221 90, 792 75 22,300 3,345 1,767 75 10,979 2,064 18,955 91,783 190,762 2,480 60,487 29, 762 14,015 6,710 163,502 38,282 1,767 2,121 2,626 41 190 175 9,083 6,892 336 1,855 2,428 35,737 15 18,472 2,060 100 2,131 3,636 66,639 61,453 42 1,086 8,248 6,987 4,124 12,467 3,146 2,320 1,300 1,111,225 11,380 39,757 15,978 1,054,342 496 300 789 5,994,661 $49,378 155,464 $3,202 8,658 2,041,440 - 64,479 854,205 1,004,782 182,453 16,872,538 24,869 35,105 4,505 92,190 1,411,130 775,621 28,381 10,490 635,509 7,970,844 6,770,317 1,200,527 18,341 118, 705 96,180 22,525 773,320 94,968,632 8,461,288 23,258 394,425 47,592 12,553,247 818,121 210, 120 214,864 9,463 15,663 4,506,552 229,803 2,028,767 18,269 329,052 2,370,822 15,004 41,892 633,832 54,613 31, 218 2,864 635,088 412, 136 358,961 6,040,886 80, 692 36,869 6,756 149, 120 618,640 8,326 2,923,973 11,623 5,287,921 307,651 97,093 2,355 253,747 53,904 32,131,046 1,796 559 132,074 186,390 10,749 8,189 1,171 176,641 1,325,426 3,497,107 2,212 7,018 23,141 28,741 1,310 1,061,957 425,878 359,773 276,306 3,628,290 3,921,911 17,823 7,160 5,944 4,719 33,381 72,944 10,- 641 59,846 232 3,596 2,256,902 1,143,358 12,287 26,890 300,880 194,137 190,060 196,836,862 7,448 14,916 1,425 3,332,012 $123,986 543, 148 5,557,464 2,044,851 3, 105, 123 407,490 29,257,983 3,789,840 1,867,668 1,932,172 15,008,138 13,281,229 1, 726, 909 1,891,659 107,969,229 9,694,855 17,360,636 1,687,000 517, 992 9,063,519 3,601,472 1,495,989 4,335,989 1, 250, 121 239, 340 2, 607, 722 1,209,642 709, 441 13,917,584 1,499,221 4,363,633 8,876,481 614,446 400,215 114,231 74,891,916 489,348 44,588 444, 760 2, 991, 594 6,052,079 29,475 2,741,239 1, 511, 908 699,450 629, 881 5,928,817 7,616,352 27,213 196, 714 3,304,256 2,334,922 567, 247 624, 512 355, 830 260,273,222 $71,406 379,026 3,451,545 1,165,777 2,1)65,236 220,532 12,293,265 2,349,879 1,071,557 1,278,322 6,918,589 6,414,732 503,857 1,095,081 12, 596, 172 1,195,975 4,692,525 759,416 292,209 4,327,164 1,654,436 1,151,933 1,923,275 585,071 181, 863 1, 791, 942 760, 638 343, 724 7, 727, 678 872,255 1,428,037 3,491,467 204,440 144,672 59, 768 42,628,796 294, 769 32,668 202, 101 1,'643,028 2,526,231 25,953 1,661,459 1,078,870 333, 733 248, 856 2, 267, 146 3,620,497 16,440 133,272 1,035,067 1,164,674 248,919 415, 459 164,346 61,104,348 465 207 6,406 1,605 3,472 329 1,930 565 183 372 3,791 3,312 479 605 9,997 337 5,470 422 252 504 291 1,245 846 66 1,481 1,451 191 6,065 151 124 2,564 202 178 24 3,066 158 416 509 34 660 338 198 124 353 2,126 6 119 344 813 131 491 107 77,631 450 150 1,109 2,196 16 832 60 60 2,160 2,150 250 7,787 310 5,146 66 200 2,185 215 125 835 1,315 '2" 948 1,610 50 50 1,682 10 160 350 300 50 'i,'577 205 50 70 10 62, 585 10 4 493 190 215 88 325 56 11 45 378 353 25 93 635 4 129 57 37 106 25 1,152 632 1 135 87 26 61 95 24 12 HI 2 66 43 68 14 197 112 255 28 1,650 53 1,5 306 1,062 225 773 449 122 327 262 1,575 23 196 299 15 1,150 251 164 311 338 31 1,338 136 166 1,965 147 124 322 151 127 24 87 321 325 22 199 36 132 31 285 548 6 113 125 566 19 166 69 13,296 125 14 241 897 3,424 150 1,974 727 2 40 432 483 'i,'924 484 382 138 137 21,961 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 41 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 65 56 Jute goods 2 Lapidary work 44 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 3 Liquors, distilled 5 Liquors, vinous 6 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Matches 2 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber and grass 2 Minerals and earths, grovmd 6 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 2 Oil, essential 3 Oil, Unseed 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Paper and wood pulp 2 Paper patterns 12 Pencils, lead 4 Petroleum, refining 2 Phonographs and graphophones 4 Pocketbooks 34 Poultry, MlUng and dressing 1 Printing and publishing, music 71 Pulp goods 2 Pumps, not including power pumps. 4 Rules, ivory and wom^ 4 Sand and emery paper and cloth 2 Screws, '^^^"^yx-^jy^yj- •Kn/^ > Same number reported for one oHnoy itnermSmnsf^ y 13 Sewing machines and attachments Shipbuilding, iron and steel » Show cases 19 Smelting and refining, copper 1 Soda-water apparatus. . . , 23 Sugar, refining 3 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . 1 Theatrical scenery 2 TinfoU.l 6 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 4 Vault lights and ventilators 12 Vinegar and cider 4 , I Wa) l,p.apgi:,.rif't, ffS^i in paper mills . 4 < ^Mnumljer reported throughout the year Wall plaster 7 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 2 Watchcases 12 Whalebone cutting i Wheelbarrows 2 Whips 2 Wure 2 Wood preserving 2 Woolen and worsted goods 3 Wool shoddy 1 1078 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS raUUSTET AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INBnSTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OE NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16, Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES or 50,000 INHABITANTS OE. MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 Bronx Borough.— All Industries . Artificial stone products 1,271 23,729 1,167 797 1,731 647 19,387 Mh 19,885 De 18,577 19,108 14,496 4,297 127 188 $66,245,498 2 4 36 17 6 267 5 26 5 18 16 6 29 14 IS 37 4 4 26 4 17 7 14 4 4 4 6 24 54 55 16 39 10 39 20 4 9 5 15 8 5 42 184 178 6 176 74 92 142 30 2,042 34 133 525 1,891 260 12 142 103 39 454 613 352 920 9 255 67 379 29 114 421 19 518 1,450 2,061 85 2,.432 531 164 258 254 16 14 567 25 41 786 340 332 . 8 5^188 2 29 21 6 279 2 34 20 16 6 34 17 17 29 2 19 6 17 8 10 2 6 10 54 51 15 17 1 40 8 9 8 14 8 6 30 187 • 180 7 162 4 6 7 3 19 4 ■'"'i4 31 11 5 4 1 31 23 12 35 9 3 '""258 i 43 171 6 1 1 1 1 1 29 1 2 151 4 4 4 58 56 110 20 1,457 27 98 466 1,518 224 5 99 78 21 360 558 254 722 4 209 54 319 22 99 354 10 429 1,236 1,745 60 2,151 484 104 185 218 6 6 486 16 29 644 149 148 1 4,336 Fe My Jfo De No 3 Je Au' Ja No («) 83 65 170 29 1,528 42 108 487 1,731 280 5 Se De Ja Ja Fe Jy3 De Ja Au Jy (') 39 47 77 8 1,416 18 88 411 1,207 163 5 62 56 115 .25 1,550 42 89 486 1,616 241 5 118 90 22 378 610 202 679 6 213 66 364 18 85 356 10 429 911 1,588 58 2,254 512 115 189 183 8 7 399 16 29 682 163 162 1 4,284 62 66 91 25 1,431 42 89 486 463 52 5 61 43 18 374 428 196 634 6 213 41 107 4 85 355 4 428 910 407 56 2,209 436 110 184 183 8 7 398 16 29 682 138 138 "2,986 393,476 47,086 213,390 60,712 3,439,385 18,360 205,118 904,301 2,716,382 114,285 9,980 138,866 59,889 78,967 607,098 852,093 756,541 3,142,780 6,603 522,914 93,275 341,104 25,327 329,104 5,694,444 13,066 1,358,868 2,708,590 3,334,631 133,3.32 7,388,824 908,924 135,729 403,091 421,978 10,495 24,675 1,598,441 16,680 98,363 869,981 191,298 187,792 3,606 25,098,128 ,S 4 20 4 H Brass, bronze, and copper products. . . Bread and other bakery products Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's, includiiig shirts 6 7 108 11 8 9 10 11 / 1,149 178 4 11 12 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery and ice cream 13 53 49 4 2 80 6 20 4 4 14 Confectionery No Jya Oc Oc Mh Je Ses Se Jy Oo Je Jy sis Je3 Au Jy Fe Jy3 Ja Ap No No 3 Ja No 3 Fe3 & ^^3 107 27 429 616 292 789 5 223 58 378 37 131 360 11 494 1,640 2,070 67 2,333 526 117 188 270 642 17 29 760 Ap Ja3 Fe De De No Fe3 Fe Fe Ja No Ja Mh Jas Ja De iffe Jy Jy Jy Jes Au Ap3 Ap3 Se De8 68 17 259 511 202 624 3 196 60 229 12 74 345 9 356 926 1,528 56 1,876 356 94 180 92 5 5 297 15 29 495 Ifi Ice cream 16 17 IS Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Dyemg and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus,and supplies. Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods 24 8 63 125 10 22 23 19 2 1 ""i 19 25 ?1 14 2 19 3 6 17 3 32 65 29 8 94 22 6 11 12 13 1 9 9 50 2 2 22 2 ffl Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hosiery and knit goods 16 252 14 •n 5 «4 House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. ?ly W 1 6 1 1 1,052 2 37 34 5 6 9.7 Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble aTid pt""« worV , ?A 40 81 159 2 115 14 8 29 20 1 7 14 77 ■■"■55 10 6 25 4 ?9 sn 23 106 31 Mineral and soda waters 32 33 Musical instruments, pianos and organs. Musical instruments, jSamo and organ materials. Printing and pubUshing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Refrigerators 8 39 3 R.S 36 37 38 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Shlpbullding.including boat building. Signs and advertising novelties Slaughtering and meat packing Structural ironwork, not made la steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Cigars 39 31 20 6 1 3 5 1 1 1 40 41 2 65 2 2 1 42 1 1 42 m 25 24 1 1,230 44 No 154 1 Au 140 1 .... . 4!; Cigars and cigarettes 46 All other industnes* 149 405 136 18 "60 i^All Other industries embrace- Artists ' materials 2 Automobilebodies and parts 4 Automobiles 2 Bags, otherthan paper 1 Bags, paper, not mcluding bags made in paper mills 1 Baskets, andrattanajidwillowware.. 2 Bookbindingandblank-bookmaking. 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber bootsandshoes 3 Boxes, cigar 3 Boxes, fancy and paper Brooms Brushes Candles Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carpets, rag. Cleansing and polishing preparations . Cooperage Cordials and flavortngsinips Cotton lace Cotton small wares Cutlery and edge tools Dental goods 4 Druggists' preparations 1 Electroplatmg 2 Engraving and diesinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cludiog plateprinting 3 Fancy articles,notelsewherespecified.- 5 Feathers and plumes 6 Flavoring extracts : 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas and electric fixtures 5 Gas,illuminatiDg and heating 3 Glovesand inittens,leather 2 Hardware 3 Ink, printing 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 4 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Jewelry 1 Lamps and reflectors 2 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1079 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Eent and taxes. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEU. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Total. Steam en- gines.! Intei- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MOBE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. $2,169,954 $2,087,331 $12,636,587 $1,261,707 $1,1.52,393 $1,029,648 $26,318,488 $1,668,539 $58,708,792 $30,721,765 31,6 23,238 2,379 30 6,048 7,657 16,448 5,250 12,675 3,280 48,737 3,950 22,009 '«9,403 14,050 6,449 6,449 1,000 63,600 91,104 30,372 4,100 31,845 2,256 12,578 94,732 3,280 180,404 91,238 9,024 273,566 94,455 13,488 18,125 38,496 73,091 3,580 109,302 1,8 1,8 514,408 500 4,209 468 247,864 290 936 50,258 175,349 4,111 312 1, 1,830 32,581 22,857 97,250 148,526 16,614 2,021 25,337 881 11,325 81,319 50,928 124,944 170,936 1,500 165,880 23,773 5,347 33,248 11,016 27,722 780 3,172 42,961 1,361 1,361 489,018 39,996 60,807 72,852 17,942 1,137,250 13.540 78,420 545,156 91,369 2,740 54,048 39,674 14,374 344,820 267,280 152,038 607,686 2,223 174,548 33,073 146,600 9,579 80,924 356,067 4,733 339,769 1,298,812 834,774 37,960 1,402,617 247,43,4 69,537 167,087 132,035 3,476 4,482 355,684 12,768 24,171 476,364 80,292 79,892 400 2,516,699 1,337 1,560 'i6,'42i 2,381 350,380 2,266 23,226 1,680 1,759 2,944 1,000 5,788 871 8,669 290,436 129,151 "'i,'753 1,100 23,947 10.196 3,900 144,888 236,054 4,325 14,950 9,102 i,r- 171,697 5,070 10,520 19,534 1,410 18,751 3,741 17,934 2,095 10,000 2,442 25,078 58,108 80,523 9,470 190,594 44, 14,267 14,075 12,480 2, 1,579 7,131 4,532 7,800 31,501 32,978 32,268 710 210,250 2,i 226 613 118 24,990 30 2,686 13,094 29,120 10,242 3,120 18,010 6,250 11,760 29,990 4,200 3,800 5,120 - 47 397 242 155 2,516 9,537 4,634 14,473 2,721 162 11,263 667,541 19 6,310 12,566 7,792 616 17,733 2,617 184 4,830 5,240 284 13,681 291 S, 33,918 33,089 829 164,631 104, 114 30,980 144,842 31,786 3,771,585 21,610 66, 191 481,730 2,000,298 205,428 30,964 178, 587 101,835 242,961 201,918 1,022,787 7,694 325,380 26,478 361,000 18,646 69,292 988,308 21,078 863,837 1,107,005 1,666,157 74,253 3,917,197 504,053 63,862 120,393 253,902 10,628 63,645 429,028 15,395 700, 768 605,434 168,292 165, 125 3,167 4,782,059 4,713 2,679 1,468 2,424 136,068 205 5,1 11,554 18,647 2,923 1,272 5,196 2,619 2,677 6,573 53,968 16,817 12,341 256 4,601 1,255 4,439 495 92,800 99,493 79 14,632 47,087 28,585 3,164 43,327 10,300 3,064 10,715 2,276 214 1,156 20,706 188 3,925 15,752 2,617 ^•"i8 975,582 210, 279 153,869 320, 201 79,171 6,976,816 55,625 216, 182 925,501 3,710,876 425,504 48,646 341,034 207,658 133,476 1,379,661 992,164 626,678 2,328,473 19,299 665,892 122, 199 698,377 23,979 404,958 3,028,158 39,520 1,672,363 3,492,624 3,738,038 177,664 6,640,409 995,080 244,633 462,789 486,961 25,950 72,940 1,059,773 46,718 852,307 1,611,386 442,448 433, 563 8,885 13,003,868 101,452 120, 210 173,891 44,961 3,069,163 33,810 144,908 432, 217 1,691,931 217, 153 16,310 157,251 103, 104 54,147 744, 166 696,235 -407,943 1,293,345 11,349 326,011 94,466 332,938 4,838 242,866 1,940,357 18,363 693,884 2,338,432 2,043,296 100,247 2,679,885 480,727 177,707 331,681 230,783 16,108 18, 139 610,039 31,135 147,614 990,199 271,539 265,839 5,700 7,246,217 81 150 24 33 1,197 131 1,704 101 44 67 155 1,179 221 1,114 6 275 22 232 12 3,578 3,445 2,071 3,091 479 54 1,877 372 70 270 2 55 106 593 7,196 45 1,300 500 1,160 125 245 5 3,578 3,110 1,740 208 10 1,476 250 2.50 309 50 52 60 320 87 44 30 5,950 235 275 1 125 24 66 404 79 37 42 165 19 171 165 5 30 17 67 12 15 1 244 973 271 28 362 110 62 241 28 494 56 296 2 "97i 495 619 126 200 324 681 1,030 1,222 66 1,004 100 1,801 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified.' Lithographing Mattresses and spring beds Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns Motorcyles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials, not specified Paints Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . Patent medicines and compounds 5 Paving materials 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Photographic apparatus 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 PocketDooks 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Begalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Boofing materials 1 Bubber goods, not elsewhere specified.- 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 5 Sil versmithing and silverware 2 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Statmary and art goods 3 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Steam packing 1 Surgical appliances 3 Trunks and valises 3 Umbrellas and canes 2 Varnishes 1 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Vinegar and cider 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Window shades and fixtures 13 Wirework 2 Wood carpet 1 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved 3 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. I Same number reported throughout the yeas. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1080 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTOUSTBT AND CITT. 43 1 1 o 3 1? PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried- offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum montti. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Brooklyn Borough— All indus- tries. Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe findings B oots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Brushes Buttons Canning and preserving, fish Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's. Carriages, wagons, and repairs. Carriages and wagons Repair work Chemicals Chocolate and cocoa products. . Clocks and watchcases Clothing, men's Regular factories Men's and youths'. . Boys' and all other. Contract work Men's and youths' Boys' and all other . . . Clothing, men's, buttonholes . Clothing, women's Regular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers, house dresses, and all other. Contract work Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum , Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cor^ cutting Drug grinding Dyemg and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods : Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Metal Store and office fixtures Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Hardware 6,096 4 27 233 3S 22 18 72 4 46 49 874 52 16 420 346 74 30 425 166 59 48 35 260 19 68 56 13 16 123 17 5 10 30 203 27 102 44 21 37 27 24 4 44 17 166, 740 33 487 957 137 589 7,317 28 4,759 2,499 6,228 58 390 131 68 35 11 127 651 595 66 1,020 365 1,392 13,374 2,247 1,621 626 11, 127 8,798 2,329 179 9,726 4,524 790 1,637 976 1,122 5,202 771 3,115 2,777 338 1,045 1,021 375 486 1,213 737 1,122 10, 156 93 3,606 1,686 941 672 463 664 510 6,267 1 Owned power only. 197 38 21 ' 20 62 4 29 43 913 116 94 22 6 1 719 96 72 24 623 517 106 37 601 218 383 16 64 47 7 16 136 6 4 9 12 35 76 180 27 109 47 66 4,310 3 19 35 6 23 19 167 1 113 107 27 46 310 2 116 46 11.409 3 28 15 3 179 15 204 1 287 168 370 24 2 4 4 1 2 18 15 3 101 61 78 178 163 121 42 15 10 5 171 168 36 38 44 50 3 122 270 263 17 14 58 24 29 91 153 42 106 183 61 3,873 11 178 1 92 68 181 20 163 149 24 31 35 69 4 34 64 60 4 6 25 15 9 14 33 140,881 23 406 697 90 970 524 6,716 21 4,238 2,151 4,678 45 319 114 54 24 111 495 464 31 847 291 1,249 12,315 1,878 1,339 539 10, 437 8,238 2,199 139 8,694 3,903 644 1,470 837 952 4,791 566 2,641 2,357 284 1,001 1,022 947 322 367 961 609 854 8,576 53 3,137 1,408 1,215 614 841 650 417 648 Mh 144,594 My 3 Se My Je Ja De Jy a' My De My Mh Se De No W Ap Je Ap No Oo Mh Mh My Ap Mh Je Oc Je Mh Ja Oc Je 25 480 754 148 1,025 7,084 21 £2 21 4,442 3,967 2,466 Se 1,954 4,868 Fe 4,663 52 Mh 37 363 Sfy 290 135 90 6C My a 50 36 Fe 15 3 (') 3 124 '546 869 377 Mh 1,461 769 1,942 918 1,105 5,510 609 2,754 335 1,136 1,076 Se 1,007 Je 3 332 Mh 465 No 1,046 676 Oc Jy Fe 9,104 De3 82 634 My 957 No 626 De 477 Ja 544 680 De 135,897 Fe» No Ja Ja Se Se No Ja De Fe Ja Je Jy Au Jy Jy Ja 20 371 634 56 901 385 6,189 No 103 403 26 821 240 No 1,091 ::::::::::::: My Ja 1,603 616 No No 1,144 447 Ja Ja Oc 8,647 2,437 143 My No De 7,748 1,964 130 ;:::::;:::::: 510 893 734 860 3,980 521 Je Fes No De Ja De Au Mhs De No Se. Ap 2,123 231 813 960 286 285 921 795 7,900 Oo 1,339 De 1, Oe Fe 679 Jy 491 Au 228 Oo 273 397 648 143, 732 100,320 24 386 687 94 981 473 6,534 21 4,009 2,183 4,f 40 344 123 60 108 448 413 36 858 353 1,372 13,969 l,r~- 1,366 533 12,070 9,466 2,606 141 10,100 4,143 690 1,642 800 1,011 6,957 552 2,765 2,428 327 824 981 991 286 390 1,062 623 879 8,534 81 3,022 1,397 1,0 639 838 692 477 606 436 585 24 356 687 76 441 266 4,822 6 2,128 1,821 4,433 40 213 53 59 25 103 446 411 930 8,938 1,263 937 326 7,676 6,039 1,636 3,380 999 372 332 75 220 2,381 347 1,223 913 310 824 968 503 120 260 381 606 8,214 47 2, 1,371 1,074 639 746 659 415 576 482 42, 102 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 30 18 526 175 1,675 16 1,736 353 436 123 69 46 64 442 4,963 622 421 201 4,341 6,676 3,112 318 1,; 710 776 3,564 206 1,467 1,440 17 20 143 140 131 215 271 311 33 31 19 102 479 831 S448,757,380 122,618 782,380 682,392 143,414 2,693,109 413,028 8,939,879 7,848 9,049,298 4,838,060 8,180,748 70,839 714,950 120,130 118,310 6,463 11,484 106,233 ■ 961,048 893,932 57,116 6,976,885 1,912,213 3,270,686 4,615,676 3,312,362 2,588,636 723,726 1,303,314 977,964 325,350 65,520 3,665,107 3,146,206 524,757 1,021,515 951,162 647,772 519,901 3,830,327 3,664,311 3,298,326 266,985 3,274,146 1,797,540 1,326,822 789,048 1,077,915 2,642,611 782,159 1,691,014 37,783,472 145,231 3,557,446 1,627,631 1,114,342 816,473 1,327,649 606,207 513,357 573,270 657,812 1,014,500 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OE MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1081 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Eent of factory. Taxes, including Internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value ■added by manufac- ture. POWER. Primai-y horsepower. Elec- tric horse- Inter- nal- Water power gener- ated in Total. steam en- com- bus- wheels and Electric (rent- estab- lish- gines.! tion mo- . ed). ments en- tors.i report- gines .2 mg. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 512,752,686 $15,169,298 $81,910,055 $4,650,372 $5,674,494 $14,029,502 $287,610,620 $10,658,098 $515,302,755 $217,034,037 197,571 130,538 12,371 15 54,647 43,953 1 9,648 46,105 44,868 9,550 85,561 34,476 417,243 1,250 306,083 . 199,628 216,630 7,180 20,123 2,662 9,464 1,760 265 8,320 26,771 26,771 5,712 40,594 14,387 1,900 162,392 13,336 381,876 900 376,461 153,197 370,446 4,186 27,079 2,742 1,560 2,328 134 6,020 17,466 15,750 1,716 176,920 77,906 74,324 289,889 269, 799 212,792 57,007 20,090 11,741 8,349 13,839 266,650 651,290 49,987 483,545 177,342 4,434,410 13,008 1,649,923 1,363,781 3,419,215 23,483 137,837 49,867 30,707 10,333 1,532 69,447 347,274 328,339 18,935 660,186 152,506 590,209 5,869,815 1,062,318 830, 746 231,672 4,797,497 3,869,969 927,528 60,107 3,798,167 1,849,132 362,097 627,706 358,741 500,588 1,949,035 341,363 1,146,056 881,616 264,440 584,735 886,007 375,722 124,362 198,730 555,272 294,753 431,248 6,456,614 36,697 1,867,373 . 847,660 632,693 387,130 512,824 342,216 193,940 370,656 402,898 384,427 8,559 1,200 2,002 36,273 146,490 13,204 30,300 15,862 196,756 864 251,711 83,631 438,828 4,140 9,138 3,942 4,600 1,812 312 4,812 44,932 41,438 3,494 41,738 35,210 10,660 228,905 52,777 33,413 19,364 176,128 134,832 41,296 6,441 274,498 169,066 50,360 47,560 33,136 38,020 105,432 89,869 121,733 106,093 16,640 16,488 72,198 25,619 480 15,380 58,125 33,697 84,190 208,117 16,880 175,527 92,860 42,853 39,814 42,067 36,081 2,400 30,649 215,700 31,342 1,009 2,449 1,767 511 7,011 868 26,373 2 40,173 21,582 64,523 608 4,461 694 686 33,573 489,280 477,027 149,052 968,935 462,017 8,690,000 12,361 3,262,595 2,986,797 10,873,966 28,479 240,345 47,086 58!, 245 3,944 2,613 136,829 361,933 340,403 21,630 8,648,174 2,058,637 982,457 .3,310,641 2,976,494 2,096,112 880,382 334,147 112, 799 221,348 7,716 5,1.33,286 5,038,275 738,656 1,787,798 1,190,288 1,321,633 95,011 12,558,701 5,056,801 4,398,637 657,164 1,976,554 1,630,237 1,190,047 604,602 622,039 1,176,814 447,615 2,906,535 7,304,393 136, 702 3,623,831 1,263,574 1,776,716 583,541 445,346 536,613 103,524 317, 416 1,030,763 598,001 1,194 13,106 37,857 2,115 14,930 11,040 97,993 206 60,492 83,439 414,952 8,576 6,398 1,636 3,948 619 170 1,269 25,293 23,917 1,376 189, 840 33,010 26,205 132,439 24,682 17,793 6,789 107,857 87,924 19,933 2,814 99, ,533 51,566 13, 337 19,628 8,639 10,062 47,967 54,589 81,926 68,989 12,937 40, 718 25,168 16,876 16,974 36,654 36,689 11,643 76,604 341,004 1,837 69,868 17,094 41,753 11,021 31,087 13,578 37,973 12,666 223,520 18,605 82,714 1,052,847 1,769,487 285,671 2,155,168 845, 127 17,163,802 38,858 7,224,028 6,260,416 19,610,894 90,867 566,089 127,316 698,312 33,796 7,199 299,353 1,041,188 963,909 77,279 10,603,731 2,859,379 2,742,620 12,296,651 5,567,128 4,021,579 1,536,549 6,739,423 5,205,669 1,533,854 108,317 12,124,280 9,426,338 1,632,494 3,274,657 2,098,609 2,419,678 2,698,942 14,208,112 9,376,734 8,168,992 1,207,742 2,941,542 3,366,774 1,920,923 1,063,285 1,248,269 2,974,304 1,128,415 4,253,861 24,788,297 269,694 7,491,006 2,915,702 3,242,478 1,332,825 1,591,973 1,389,717 476,054 1,044,833 2,200,200 1,347,519 47,947 660,461 1,254,603 134,504 1,171,293 372,070 8,365,809 26,291 3,910,941 3,190,180 8,221,976 53,812 319,346 78,694 107,119 29,232 4,516 161,255 653,962 599,589 54,373 1,765,717 767,832 1,733,858 8,853,471 2,656,052 1,907,674 648,378 6,297,419 6,004,846 1,292,673 97,788 6,891,461 4,336,497 880,501 1,467,331 899,682 1,087,983 2,555,964 1,594,822 4,2!9,007 3,701,366 537,641 924, 270 1,711,369 714,000 431,709 689,676 1,761,801 669, 157 1,270,722 17,142,900 131, 165 3,797,306 1,636,034 1,424,009 738,263 1; 115, 540 839,626 334,557 714,852 945,927 731,013 54 401 966 38 558 257 3,411 5 3,315 2,360 2,583 190 427 122 29 14 35 75 5 108 14 218 966 38 141 202 1,423 5 1,290 638 1,641 15 61 4 14 10 2 i ""227 "2; 767 200 608 16 2 3 4 100 5,193 • 6,213 79,816 |> 410 "'i,'822 7 55 166 6 7 8 29,726 7,789 3,283 741 6,430 1,988 865 899 175 326 75 37 857 43 10 11 12 IS 40 43 15 4 14 16 84 933 6,200 5,812 388 41,764 7,792 14,118 17,067 9,743 8,362 1,381 7,324 6,426 899 631 6,541 6,391 1,173 2,516 1,055 647 1,150 19,547 47,202 40,666 6,536 26,885 7,049 7,327 9,689 9,058 9,952 2,201 9,852 220,918 626 15,617 6,872 4,513 4,232 3,660 535 3,492 1,221 11,558 6,219 1» 26,000 8,006 8,006 14 661 644 171 2,474' 1,544| 993 2,098 533 452 81 1,565 1,196 3V0 62 1,728 843 162 249 146 296 1 885 • ! 2,018 2,378 2,081 297 1,649 827 822 642 968 1,204 512 1,271 12,416 13 3,381 986 1,687 709 934 434 361 218 1,387 729 14 516 499 17 312 179 447 1,727 525 462 73 1,202 964 238 28 1,487 654 146 249 126 133 833 1,046 791 623 168 21 629 72 342 143 1,040 63 623 5,376 13 660 143 382 135 399 70 75 139 7i 545 U 14 14 928 478 478 ""256 337 45 ""ioe ""135 7,460 ""456 460 2 85 294 19 50 60 95 96 20 21 175,338 43,314 132,230 219,011 146,215 114,915 31,300 72,796 60,636 22,260 2,946 217,356 191,838 29,999 67,184 83,766 20,889 25,518 108,691 233,969 196,169 • 37,810 56,618 163,556 62,028 61,095 36,023 152,833 56,899 102,377 1,158,007 5,200 237,647 89,899 77,116 70,632 109,661 43,230 25,897 31,185 48,064 84,581 721 2,126 1,325 630 66 36 40 16 306 8 23 04 25 601,995 316,807 169,051 147,766 185,188 168, 954 16,234 26 27 66 16 60 163 163 8 297 216 82 34 78 26 6 29 30 31 32 280,424 277,372 31,781 68,613 73,614 113,464 3,062 193,600 238,429 221,204 17,225 23,815 63,494 37,708 36,278 86,126 162,074 58,737 141,327 1,201,576 6,204 199,634 93,350 65,561 40,723 42,395 99,788 24,772 34,702 30,363 35,776 331,830 326,000 82,868 155,193 56,049 31,890 5,830 462 34 35 36 17 163 900 1,438 1,328 110 1,616 125 708 300 700 100 395 474 6,060 20 38 19 52 72 149 130 19 13 73 42 40 41 -1*^ '\'S 23,4i9 46 -iS 116 64 54 274 989 1,819 8,305 3,054 50,563 9,100 11,178 5,195 1,946 4,037 65,068 2,687 50 51 52 53 54 2,380 776 1,240 365 465 255 286 48 1,375 408 34i 67 66 209 70 109 55 56 57 58 59 60 9,890 9,832 3,343 31 12 54 62 6? 267 64 8 Same number repor ted for one or more other months. ^ Same number reported throughout the yeax. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1082 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSIKY AND IITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. Total. Pro- prie- f(ors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EAENEE3 DEC. 16, OR NEAEEST KEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. else- Beooklyn Boeough— Contd. Hats, fur-telt Hosiery and knit goods. . House-furnishing goods, not where specified. Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Ifory, shell, and bone work, not including combs and hairpins. Jewelry Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames . Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unfjamed Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, pianos. . . Oil^ not elsewhere specified Pamts Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Perfumery and cosmetics Pickles, preserves, and sauces Plated ware Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing . . . Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Pumps, steam and other power. . Refrigerators Rubber goods not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Canned All other Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties. . Silk goods, including throwsters. Slaughtering and meat-packing. . Soap Sporting and athletic goods Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Steam packing Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances Tinfoil Tinware, not elsewhere specified. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Tools, not elsewhere specified Trunks and valises U mbrellas and canes 9 193 16 781 6,150 263 15 9 23 314 373 955 6 92 21 18 459 479 8 450 23 21 2,668 132 65 2,518 69 43 82 71 872 842 2,060 381 11 8 266 83 3 8 48 19 189 90 .2,177 1,253 62 18 14 7 269 776 179 731 429 a; 129 61 2,123 6 18 646 1,124 27 6 6 353 181 233 9 29 23 476 63 104 6 18 18 86| 35 7 29 17 40 17 3,174 161 321 1,425 905 1,008 10 18 616 1,386 5 370 8 6 94 269 88 1,983 14 3 16 459 14 13 14 135 8 1,748 3,052 79 74 317 7 235 14 4 4 27 60 76 54 101 7 272 1 4 21 1 3 2 28 24 5 19 58 6 26 15 61 12 4 5 78 12 3 5 478 17 17 15 109 2 13 122 41 74 13 29 7 92 107 22 37 173 22 119 147 79 270 52 10 14 7 11 17 402 117 159 27 36 37 184 192 123 19 15 19 4 14 71 7 16 86 117 194 18 85 28 15 150 12 91 217 12 143 6 1 26 31 3 6 109 53 66 24 13 13 108 117 2 718 5,516 216 279 204 717 72 333 406 331 2,152 95 2,169 681 719 1,810 209 62 168 52 1,500 1,033 449 104 645 365 2,473 1,.172 708 66 148 206 429 30 13 63 2,998 138 236 1,266 694 497 668 1,220 315 213 64 12 5 1,587 2,279 60 53 244 la Au Mb 5,893 253 Je 361 De 210 Oo 1,063 My Fe Oc Fe Au Oo Se 364 436 403 2,222 104 Je 781 No 771 Mh 1,978 Jy 313 Ja Mh Fe Fe Oc No Ja Je De My Ja My No Au3 Au Jes Fe Je Je No De Au No Ap Ja Ja No Je 90 Se3 Je Ja' Au De 223 66 Mh 213 Mhs 64 My 1,583 My ■ 1,091 492 115 850 472 2,511 492 721 76 160 229 485 32 15 56 3,410 146 . 258 1,370 719 646 659 1,284 411 68 1,707 96 5 1,641 2,511 65 57 292 De Jy Ja Ja Ja No De Je Se Fe Au 636 4,772 175 214 200 481 301 387 251 2,095 87 De 1,965 Fe Au '/. Au» JyS 660 669 1,619 238 193 57 Jy 125 Oo» 50 Ja 1,422 De 992 Au De Fe Jy Ap 92 446 207 2,446 Ap3 Fe Au De Au Ja De 327 687 140 106 356 27 Ja3 Oc Se De De Au ^P Fe Jy De Au De ^y De Ja My De Oc De' Ja 128 223 1,113 674 454 513 43 1,'442 81 5 1,510 1,995 63' 47, 209 727 5,590 .202 933 334 4'12 345 2,168 95 2,029 722 757 222 63 168 51 1,442 97 709 361 2,438 1,244 460 721 63 141 28 64 13 51 3,145 128 238 1,352 715 525 573 1,095 276 311 68 1,519 90 5 1,531 2,018 56 55 286 437 1,475 103 292 204 775 293 241 324 2,152 70 2,029 721 456 412 255 212 62 168 46 1,262 529 264 63 396 325 1;732 1,044 367 664 23 141 208 242 28 64 13 61 814 127 194 417 699 497 352 764 1,518 2 1,136 1,005 4,014 96 5 123 41 . 146 281 1,464 190 448 221 34 313 36 199 103 227 2,246 35 173 21 984 8 12 13,163,301 10,061,832 654,327 2,612,317 1,735,941 1,639,627 76,899 1,540,830 685,655 1,867,801 31,321,969 195,416 5,206,648 1,735,911 810,493 2,031,240 482,164 284,966 200,280 531,353 285,440 11,376,987 2,061,717 2,787,757 293,828 1,217,007 723,660 6,083,140 4,327,391 1,019,417 2,972,734 335,240 408,872 614,685 683,574 84,637 8,710 61,029 2,197,SS3 133,910 . 509,716 2,454,595 3,339,092 3,418,665 813, 123 2,339,453 530,479 776,941 119,997 3,708,001 85,804 6,200 6,828,639 8,350,336 138,030 45,313 660,636 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000. TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1083 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. ■ POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB. MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 130,004 257,674 34,419 37,698 160,252 87,800 2,430 20,553 6,060 75,626 667,649 2,100 201,411 99,666 69,742 111,098 27,690 19,264 12,860 24,740 31,370 461,883 160,410 251,681 25,241 82,012 27,750 210,618 256,648 81,006 138,283 37,369 33, 672 32,560 74,250 66,584 22,160 31,385 73,766 65,920 107,717 23,381 96,455 56,520 36,862 8,880 208,845 18,040 111,178 81,373 2,050 43,978 S45,543 319,343 25,632 175,456 141,788 73,944 61,827 427,047 9,349 211,687 45,328 36,647 66,698 9,876 21,354 9,711 11,502 17,965 719,453 133,935 315,622 24,322 37,704 78,293 260,881 607,507 187,006 316,828 104,673 18,896 18,648 33,556 3,738 11,853 11,853 117,986 8,715 32,313 136,366 107,318 200,663 19,942 137,303 66,362 28,369 17,854 190,781 17,047 99,191 287,897 2,800 27,786 1442,669 2,385,478 114,646 $2,364 127,981 14,929 $10,806 32,628 401 $920,011 5,278 253,859 1,707 34,704 7,032 7,203 182,649 530,333 27,980 51,819 14, 116 32,823 229,297 214,560 3,286 12,475 18,499 ^2,360 286 489 469 195,125 384,979 20,641 6,383 1,762,351 46,856 211,822 2,931 1,040 12,534 3,173,966 868 1,385,597 22,449 64,672 32,620 608,328 437,422 837,590 171,073 42,166 200 88,600 1,400 38,442 51,691 • 87,014 30,057 11,841 1,982 3,424 2,511 122,676 36,658 10,197 5,764 840 1,961 70 124,7-72 29,313 1,011,580 492,294 280,943 55,652 366,199 218,863 1,573,255 23,346 10,496 96,320 83,671 37,981 16,154 36,946 8..'il7 146,630 2,936 661 75,502 19, 591 5,379 2,395 13,683 400 SO 339 103,028 24,622 2,600 10,494 1,514 17,538 1,110,250 389,280 53,071 28,974 382,674 673,908 7,760 14,250 36,583 7,666 2,990 24,386 53,668 118,700 128,489 367,280 8,922 13,320 3,630 1,698 1,742 3,444 26,619 218,107 21,299 51,842 20,756 10,344 9,656 1,880 7,676 53,603 8,976 14,615 47,268 36,197 11,538 3,403 366 169 413 9,173 42,669 1,072,746 80,926 169 702,527 2,563 537 1,102 9,752 19,136 19,132 136,741 493,798 618,343 235,132 4,646 9,676 10,314 416 337,213 10,190 67,095 19,811 8,673 6,342 56,063 2,459 11,196 687,823 153,476 939 130,375 42,487 10,753 9,809 1,463 21,090 1,249,460 127,622 53,146 10,100 228 15,036 122,408 3,024 9,865 7,918 280 34 34,433 3,222,856 1,361 3 1,343 1,932 1,010,743 1,002,516 39,729 896 28,849 120,111 $752, 751 5,996,868 472,207 1,355,531 722,912 1,584,073 569,092 1,712,130 4,405,026 138,243 3,524,063 802,111 1,167, 1,683,903 279,981 285,741 70,956 298,402 576,004 9,669,685 1,963,929 1,665,922 225, 140 2,288,334 198,942 1, 765, 144 1,106,421 345,902 612,546 247,973 138,493 332,443 450,878 68,210 681,301 35,769 645,532 3,322,322 129,769 171,675 845,910 14,457,722 4,163,665 718,765 1,689,237 471,867 479,257 94,980 1,876,356 2,224,486 3,916,185 35,445 97,106 604,431 $17,238 71, 166 6,722 284, 743 27,965 22,800 2,676 5,786 3,152 15,643 486,250 1,234 45,797 37,783 9,848 30,225 12,776 1,136 4,438 5,235 162, 149 47,998 32,012 2,384 19,386 10,428 72,038 48,660 16,666 30,077 1,917 5,455 Ij 25,907 904 1,118 7,970 30,094 2,031 7,000 38,101 78,687 50,214 8,583 47,720 4,421 24,734 2, — 49,991 2,612 85 47,538 36,940 2,874 1,044 3,935 $1,533,569 12, 738, 899 763,813 1,031,524 2,826,127 2,272,551 143,808 2, 161, 554 1,044,689 2,603,033 15,680,273 285,562 6,201,876 2,138,963 2,009,761 3,361,307 753,471 558,654 283,351 638,943 734,396 14,753,416 3,550,014 4,323,900 487,378 3,132,217 680,246 5,142,677 4,908,368 1,402,977 2,412,492 1,092,899 435, 712 611,894 1,090,976 138,679 868,700 57,250 811,460 6,877,405 306,357 542,120 2,025,624 16,356,300 6,191,229 1,334,472 3,084,590 837,828 232,882 4,352,981 275,564 4,700 4,134,700 10,934,012 108,5151 171,761 934,391 $763,570 6,670,865 276,884 648,388 1,441,641 1,526,839 54,524 561,695 472,445 875,260 10,788,997 146,075 2,632,016 1,299,' 842,023 1,647,179 460,714 266,824 211,259 236, 103 154, 157 5,031,682 1,538,087 2,726,966 269,854 824,497 470,876 3,315,396 3,753,387 1,040,509 1,869, 843,009 291,764 278, 162 614,191 79,565 178,311 20,363 157,948 2,524,989 174,557 363,445 1,141,613 1,819,891 1,987,350 607,134 1,347,633 343,577 333,837 136,694 2,426,634 184,473 3,755 1,862,677 6,980,887 70, 196 73,612 326,025 2,107 164 8,668 1,260 349 196 52 709 14,314 26 296 679 291 50 162 112 7,816 1,406 852 54 541 399 2,464 1,555 484 967 104 300 268 2 276 237 713 218 100 1,139 1,640 3,208 1,162 94 678 61 1,861 1,137 448 60 65l 290 1,225 8,658 967 20 620 13,635 4,170 765 100 165 33 131 66 4,008 1,141 567 265 213 1,317 100 100 265 225 650 125 60 670 942 3,049 66 360 400 760 800 "io 4 153 4 100 44 5 715 10 56 102 113 10 20 2,451 36 60 30 58 12 118 15 15 101 87 57 15 10 } 378 228 "i7 "27 729 160 193 38 176 49 75 779 21 707 972 186 459 156 17 10 1 47 1,342 228 225 24 218 174 1,440 484 952 779 2 34 230 312 6 49 452 668 79 280 754 44 263 51 723 27 60 109 448 33 8 768 303 100 5,660 187 610 25 620 21 1,077 22 480 23 270 859 15 15 32 33 55 34 30 166 281 266 664 > Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by Microsoft® 1084 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 DETAIL STATEMENT FOIi THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DTOCSTET AND CITY. 1' is s o S3 1 PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATITE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and flrm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- rages. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Nvuuber, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Brooklyn Borough— Continued. Varnishes Vault lights and ventilators Wall plaster Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere spscifled. Wood, turned and carved All other industries * 16 539 8 40 168 39 284 a 125 1 7 4 2 111 3 53 1 6 9 37 19 415 IS 12 56 2 327 20 440 14 33 26 11 356 23 104 24 3 2 1 74 569 35,008 436 834 2,960 656 30,072 It Je ; De 142 Se 42 De 354 No 381 Oc 80 Fe3 Ja3 Ap i^ Ja Mh 269 97 30 266 336 67 278 142 38 356 365 82 29,53,1 256 142 36 296 316 82 22,928 15 7 2 67 45 3 4 6,391 95 121 J3, 183, 089,472 83,418 134,522 802,584 988, 135 72,537 983,101 * All other industries embrace — Aluminum ware 1 Artificial flowers 10 Artificial limbs 1 Automobiles 1 Babbitt metal and solder 10 Bags, other than paper 3 Baking powders and yeast 6 Baskets , and rattan and willow ware . . 8 ■ Belting, leather 6 Belting and hose, rubber 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 8 Bluing 1 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 3 Boxes, wooden packing 11 Brooms 5 Candles 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Cheese 1 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 2 Cleansing and polishing preparations . 5 Cloth^ sponging and refinishing 1 Clothmg, horse 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods • 3 Combs and hairpins, not made Irom metal or rubber 3 Cordage and twine 2 Cordials ajid flavoring sirups 5 Corsets 3 Cotton goods 2 Cotton lace.' 1 Cotton small wares 1 Cutlery and edge tools 5 Dairymen's poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies 1 Dental goods 4 Druggists' preparations , 8 Dyestufis and extracts 6 Electroplating 11 Enameling 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engravers' materials 2 Engraving and diesinking 14 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 6 Envelopes 1 Feathers and plumes 9 Felt goods : 1 Files 3 Flags and banners 3 Flavoring extracts 7 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 Foundry supplies ; . . . . 1 Furnismng goods, men's 15 Galvanizing 4 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 Gas, machines and gas and water me- ters 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 4 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 23 Gold and silver, reducingandreflning, not from the ore 1 Hair work .' 7 Hat and cap materials 5 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 27 Hats, straw 1 Hats, wool-felt 2 Ink, writing 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rollmg mills 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel forgings 5 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails.. 4 Japanning 2 Jewelry and instrument cases 2 Jute goods 2 Labels and tags 1 Manhattan Borough — ,\11 in- dustries. Artificial flowers Artificial stone products Artists' materials Automobile repairing Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder Bags, other than paper Baking powders and yeast Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe cut stock Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Brass and bronze Copper and all other Bread and bakery products . Biscuits and crackers . . . All other Brooms Brushes Toilet Paini and varnish Another Buttons Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Card cutting and designing Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages and wagons and materials . . 21,087 496,453 22,970 14,717 48,677 24, 187 385,902 145 4,237 162 76 164 85 3,750 7 123 3 11 4 3 102 6 36 7 3 8 2 16 385 2,943 283 100 149 61 2,360 94 1,898 67 107 194 92 1,438 77 674 80 28 37 15 514 11 178 7 17 36 24 94 14 804 9 20 37 19 719 8 53 12 5 13 5 18 21 199 25 4 15 3 152 18 310 19 16 81 19 175 12 116 9 13 11 '8 75 298 6,962 30C 242 248 155 6,017 7 149 8 10 13 5 113 31 204 3C 9 17 11 137 70 2,588 84 47 87 63 2,307 15 1,068 16 20 55 6 972 168 6,085 175 173 161 130 5,446 62 1,147 64 US 79 19 9-17. 88 1,923 96 71 95 37 1,624^ 81 1,817 81 70 95 35 1,536; 7 106 15 1 2 88 1,126 15,007 1,216 231 763 528 12,269 13 5,551 2 66 342 78 5,063 1,113 9,456 1,214 165 421 450 7,206 12 161 13 3 S 5 132 54 915 66 4C 71 32 706 8 127 6 6 6 5 101 13 306 IC 13 27 12 2M 33 482 50 21 38 15 358 183 2,766 225 89 132 67 2,253 5 99 1 8 11 4 75 3 22 2 1 1 1 17 IS 198 20 6 7 3 162 R 35 11 2 22 116 1,000 126 29 46 8 792 No Mh Oc3 My My Je No No 3 No Au Je Mh Au My Je Mh Mh Mh 406,849 Jy 360,794 Fe Fe Oc Fe Mh Jas Jy Mh Oc3 My 4,; 128 17 2,431 1,610 707 124 746 21 168 181 87 6,514 121 153 2,625 1,023 5, 1,593 110 Jv 5,452 De 7, 509 Mh 136 Je Fe3 Ja Fe Fe Ja3 My Jy Jas Mhs Au Se Se De Ap Jv My Au My Ja Au Ja 119 An 258 My 377 Se» 2,487 177 28 848 Jy Au Jaa Au Ap3 De 2,772 86 13 2,240 1,278 419 57 692 15 127 168 61 5,734 108 128 1, 937 5,161 910 1,468 64 4,113 6,813 126 96 222 341 1,916 66 5 150 16 727' 391, 191 '242, 719 146, 086 1, 032 1,354 4,363 112 17 2,350 1,474 498 97 732 21 164 172 71 5,917 112 132 2,429 5,416 935 1,646 1,554 12,780 5, 1.53 7,627 134 710 109 258 343 2,343 77 30 166 28 74? 709 112 15 2,347 1,419 381 95 260 13 153 168 41 2,989 111 91 1,981 2,232 934 1,607 1,515 92 9,584 2,841 6,743 129 458 72 189 197 1,567 46 12 87 27 7« 3,467 117 2 435 29 2,839 1 41 422 3,189 2,310 879 4 249 37 747 31 is; 183 63 26 5886,161,947 2,491,917 167,972 33,174 1,742,276 3,711,985 757,706 1,362,915 1,011,374 51,883 286,179 1,836,778 5,601,907 623,779 188,414 2,320,698 681,766 3,423,821 1,231,824 3,233,016 3,115,817 117,199 32,832,008 24,554,916 8,277,092 193,397 1,231,744 231,345 563,217 437,182 1,743,445 382.561 42,893 182,504 13,550 1,381,362 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1085 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines. 1 Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $160,686 15,560 6,821 46,097 94,008 .6,200 2,789,486 1267,874 6,590 12,339 94,547 27,107 .971 3,989,249 1193,255 85,716 16,343 165,139 216,598 42,797 18,284,271 $560 6,872 149 219,761 $16,442 4,080 1,600 17,607 21,187 * 8,766 782,637 $18,626 109 1,425 7,537 6,076 285 6,434,071 $1,910,907 $34,154 60,654 3,096 50,317 5,012 888,121 9,175 568,668 12,463 56,358 4,147 109,589,972 6,210,297 $3,742,733 187,000 98,349 1,483,857 1,121,640 163,860 167,161,439 $1,797,672 123,260 43,020 586,561 560,519 103,355 51,361,170 1,041 60 550 289 475 122 70,644 715 326 60 25 550 205 35 "52," 824 12 77 38 2,282 72 363 84 15,538 16,272 Lamps and reflectors 4 Lasts ; 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 3 Liquors, distilled 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Litnographing 8 Lubricatmg greases 1 Lumber and timber products 2 Malt 1 Matches 1 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber and grass 1 Minerals and earths, ground 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 20 Mucilage and paste 6 Musical instruments, organs 2 Musical instruments, piano and or- gan materials 1 Ou, essential 1 Optical goods ., 7 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper patterns 1 Paving materials 2 Pencils, lead 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 2 Pens, gold 2 Petroleum, refining 1 Photo-engraving .'. 3 Photographic apparatus 1 Photographic materials 1 Pipes, tobacco 6 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 13 Pocketbooks 10 Pottery 6 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 1 Pulp goods 2 Pumps, not including power pumps . . 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 6 Roofing materials 5 Rules, ivory and wood 1 Sand and emery paper and cloth 2 Saws 4 Scales and balances 1 Screws, machine 2 Sewing machines and attachments... 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 22 Silversmithlng and silverware 6 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 9 Soda-water apparatus 2 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not maaeinsteelworksorroUingmills,. 1 Statuary and art goods 9 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 3 Stencils and brands 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves 2 Sugar, refining 2 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. .. 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven ■goods 3 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl 2 Toys and games 22 Typewriters and supplies 6 Vmegar and cider 3 Wall paper, not made in paper mills . . 2 Washmg machines and clothes wringers 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 1 Wire 1 Wood carpet 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 8 Wool shoddy 1 Woolen and worsted goods 2 S41261487 $71^311,864$ 239,216,711$ 54,761,260 $33,959,261 $19,520,743 $748,538,093 $12,091,422 $1,519,143,429 $758,615,914 231,076 105,379 19,869 7 105,821 36,121 1 154,514 28,680 6,125 169,019 276,079 35,921 66,514 64,910 6,940 6,118 61,483 31,046 564,490 16,500 14,014 106,905 62,687 356,614 70,189 147,136 145,836 1,300 630,767 274,989 355,778 3,012 100,336 14,082 45,810 40,444 201,714 30,333 2,200 9,404 224,935 6,770 7,780 129,505 241,530 46,591 64,349 60,337 19, 177 13,566 90,962 23,113 320,089 12,792 22,191 163,985 58,883 234,085 89,420 125,844 124,344 1,500 908,705 304,955 603,760 9,612 90,124 10,425 43,385 36,334 143,795 17,448 1,020 9,658 1,000 31,812 1,576,778 96,080 8,863 2, 162, 766 1,013,876 ■ 370,565 67,328 300, 776 9,298 80,727 120,335 43,044 3,241,246 76,263 63,728 1,349,210 448,009 2,352,303 600,123 977,405 934,956 42,449 7,549,862 2,364,510 6,195,352 60,983 353,064 54,739 146,738 161,677 940,708 42,547 6,200 81, 120 17,2,39 588,339 76,709 174,793 8,732 3,706 456,260 215,210 58,897 18,908 38,026 4,190 14,799 32,979 14,962 496,653 13, 120 17,207 85,309 38,682 403,078 144,634 121,411 112,883 8,728 1,172,562 98,276 1,074,276 8,080 67,030 9,620 19,504 27,906 158,085 6,085 2,880 21,810 3,440 117, 668 2,768 245 228 3,408 38,943 1,703 3,113 5,403 120 784 4,758 1,486 9,520 352 191 2,420 10,628 7,513 8,044 17,988 17,988 2,432,396 84,888 38, 727 1,644,911 3,145,645 847,584 1,408,000 4,272,255 139,373 139,362 1,503,038 228,480 2,736,620 646,445 274,585 2,784,702 691,786 3,372,287 1,856,100 1,824,530 1,729,633 94,897 23,708,304 8,466,838 15, 242, 466 101,334 963,288 134,987 430,3,63 398,038 1,400,009 604,896 84,227 119, 198 39,247 518, 861 17,646 657 232 81,804 64,822 8,499 14,848 11,986 942 2,043 15,103 3,547 112,018 3,210 3,293 25,650 12,073 74, 166 35,818 64,379 61,830 2,549 825,303 230,264 •595,039 2,842 12, 171 2,380 4,568 5,253 31,707 4,809 484 3,482 209 26,29ll 6,004,695 271,012 78,429 5,616,197 6,668,172 1,710,904 1,949,855 5,089,790 214, 126 330, 226 2,275,297 418,313 9,171,059 848,008 473,728 5,428,188 1,408,813 8,254,220 2,995,560 3,924,373 3,734,278 190,097 48,621,491 20,417,834 28,203,667 220,648 1,985,743 300,091 804,918 880,734 3,516,609 839, 066 110,878 314,850 75,605 1,870,159 3,554,664 185,467 39,470 3,888,682 2,357,805 864,821 527,007 805,650 73,811 188,821 757, 158 186,286 6,323,421 199,361 195,850 2,817,934 704,954 • 4,807,767 1, 304, 642 2,036,464 1, 942, 813 92,661 24.087,884 11,721,732 12,366,152 116,672 1,010.284 162, 744 370,097 477, 443 2,084,793 129,361 26, 187 192, 170 36.149 1,127,007 97 28 5 2,079 1,734 168 46 281 24 42 1,233 96 2,492 192 61 645 616 1,642 2,679 1,571 1,610 61 8,017 2,554 3,463 44 206 35 67 104 677 93 20 82 2 1,193 97 28 4 1,975 1,318 110 46 181 21 40 118 10 2,W3 192 48 399 85 716 247 155 110 45 5,380 2,419 2,961 40 140 35 44 61 376 43 20 77 2 843 4 37 13 50 io i 40 65 263 6 6 23 23 ■> ^ 880 27,734 3,118 3,073 1,828 100 io 196 60 1 94 221 8 v.'.'.'.','. i 5 6 7 100 ■"i,'696 i85 q 3 2 25 88 264 10 8,550 15,240 2,727 236,-962 11 12 13 14 8,028 11,600 1,944 11,557 2,520 14,122 14, 122 25 475 592 1,750 1,093 1,093 455 135 320 i 13 121 76 334 682 323 307 16 182 18 17 18 19 20 21 22 93 3,148 200,382 139,299 61,083 1,239 3,220 448 1,550 1,222 2,083 1,464 11 119 24 3,148 182 i 65 26 07 3,534 250 330 2,964 16,871 28 or) i 150 50 23 42 161 30 31 32 2,500 5 35 30 37 49,907 ii,692 i3,7i8 i76 i75 • Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^\ 1086 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOE CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBT AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and flrm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe-- male, Wage earners. Aver- num- l)er. Number, 15th day ol- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EAKNEB3 DEC- 16, OE NEAKEST BEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male -CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 61 52 53 54 55 56 67 58 69 60 61 Manhattan Borough— Contd. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by eleotric-raihoad companies. Cash registers and calculating ma- chines. Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations . Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Clothing, men's Regular factories Men's and youths'. Boys' All other Contract work Men's and youths' Boys' and all other . . . Clothing, men's, buttonholes. Clothing, women's Regular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers and house dresses. AU other Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists, and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments, petticoats, wrappers, ' and house dresses- ' Another Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffee Spice Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods. Collars and cufls, men's Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery knd chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage 1- • Hogsheads and barrels. . All other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Cordials and flavoring sirups Cork, cutting Corsets Cotton goods Cutlery and edge tools Table cutlery and razors.. All other Dental goods Druggists' preparations Dyeing and finishing textiles . Dy estuff s and extracts Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes. Electroplating Engraving and diesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Engraving, wood Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Beadwork and celluloid novelties Metal novelties Paper novelties Wood novelties and all other 14 18 1,544 846 663 171 11 630 69 45 3,268 2,706 1,336 109 126 562 382 122 74 150 135 15 18 14 4 202 28 12 45 4 10 7 3 25 41 68 115 149 81 19 162 16 32 13 101 2,071 52 289 173 86 87 42,994 28,098 22,650 .5,217 231 14,896 13,335 1,561 252 114,540 106,656 45,809 43,413 11,751 2,688 2,994 7,886 4,751 1,995 213 926 1,776 1,365 411 500 61 334 7,660 7,143 517 187 180 7 1,9 246 89 2,493 81 616 600 16 390 739 2,386 132 4,130 641 494 2,618 79 2,667 451 374 96 1,746 2,265 1,266 978 266 12 101 3,767 1,976 1,137 319 178 157 802 542 181 14 65 142 131 11 22 18 4 236 24 11 72 6 53 99 178 77 19 180 15 34 14 117 60 22 8 14 581 651 453 27 3 5 2,157 2,107 852 192 176 17 112 21 7 67 1 13 13 182 17 14 65 130 3 77 48 31 17 3,053 3,029 2,473 542 14 7,495 7,440 4,026 2,260 707 174 55 39 13 3 521 458 63 68 491 427 64 4 4 160 34 2 154 16 47 45 2 61 76 192 20 536 20 11 216 222 1,043 1,015 807 201 7 4,660 4,618 1,864 2,1 416 153 119 42 17 20 4 116 100 16 18 201 197 4 2 2 25 22 3 33 91 145 15 113 132 1,878 176 77 34 43 36,052 22,247 17,939 4,115 193 13,805 12,351 1,454 188 96,659 88,723 37,091 37,077 10,047 2,031 2,477 6,936 4,126 1,765 196 849 1,006 314 379 53 260 6,634 6,213 421 166 153 3 1,424 163 67 2-, 137 63 422 416 7 267 .496 1,892 70 3,180 276 2,047 66 2,048 360 276 Fe Mh Ap 42 184 Au8 Ap8 45 Pe 18,395 Fe 4,600 Ja 237 De 13,171 De 1,675 My s 193 Oc Mh 43,267 42,446 Mh 10,929 Mh Mh 2,174 2,739 Co De 6,216 2,031 Mh3 208 Mh 904 Jy 766 Ap 339 Ap 405 Fe Mh 61 318 De Au 7,244 449 Ap « No Au' Je Ap W 169 1, ' 196 76 2,666 63 Se m ja Mh Ap FeS 534 2,320 81 De 1,765 No Se Do No No 16,214 '169 My Se Fe 11,429 1,333 182 28,450 Jy 8,854 1,883 2,247 Je Jy My My 3,056 1,260 183 777 Ja 653 De 273 No 347 Jy8 My 48 198 My Fe 5,669 397 Jy 3(<) Au3 Ja De De W 142 3 1,3 111 52 1,735 63 Jy Des De Au 351 7 264 472 1,586 59 De 3,449 Je 2,877 No De Ja My 3 424 312 2,197 57 Se Fe No Oc 432 332 107 1,507 Au Se No No 371 262 1,784 54 De De Jy Jy 278 223 63 1,201 1,755 30 181 77 33 44 37,458 22,018 17,542 4,260 216 15,440 13,838 1,602 194 99,617 90,921 38,358 38,030 9,965 2,056 2,513 8,696 5,326 2,253 211 906 958 685 273 7,219 6,790 429 153 160 1,442 157 76 1,745 54 396 389 7 255 480 1,609 3,634 416 1/ 56 2,160 346 266 1,762 169 47 22 26 27,302 15,77S 12,784 2,874 120 11,524 10,322 1,202 153 42,843 37,811 27,875 7,922 1,058 342 614 6,032 3,896 527 19 590 642 428 114 206 14 167 3,126 2,715 411 153 150 3 1,430 109 31 219 14 328 324 4 174 193 926 65 2,603 397 277 1,137 43 860 140 206 11 503 12 30 11 19 10,113 6,203 4,735 1,377 91 3,910 3,511 399 41 56,521 62,875 10,443 29,967 1,712 1,1 3,646 1,417 1,722 192 315 408 249 169 159 45 53 4,013 3,995 -18 1 Owned power only. Digitized a Includes rented power, other than electric. by IVIicrosoft® 34 47 44 1,520 40 67 64 3 72 273 670 1 906 11 13 661 1,247 204 60 59. 9241 135 22 ^443,771 3424,89 77,973 1,6 NEW YORK. OR MORK, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1087 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal Fuel and rent of power. Total. - Steam en- gines.' luter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. t90,715 13,620 40,224 43,876 15,702 28,174 1,735,597 1,688,666 1,389,424 286,982 12,160 47,031 43,911 3,120 7,250 5,079,870 5,031,105 2,172,905 1,933,871 633,979 125,224 165, 126 48,765 24,710 14,976 3,000 6,079 202,916 167,758 35,158 36,380 3,000 '!4,800 642,259 598,441 43,818 3,300 - 3,300 207,797 38,746 16,050 164,140 6,000 54,018 64,018 54,386 188,543 236,554 36,058 492,052 22,307 24,537 257,488 1,560 164,550 ' 11, 800 16,268 6,060 130,422 1102,582 8,712 90,776 69,539 42,987 16,552 4,687,862 4,661,261 3,729,196 916,863 15,212 26,601 25,411 1,190 11,478,429 11,426,643 6,907,261 3,896,926 993,069 330,478 298, 909 51,786 33,045 14,368 3,853 745,506 604,882 140,624 73,174 52,081 693,824 612,581 81,243 4,076 4,076 154,811 69,675 S,747 407, 164 18,200 65,871 61, 321 4,550 61,614 250, 501 237,916 64,647 611,594 18,699 13,685 442,362 3,118 288,966 89,260 28,825 4,892 166,989 $1,351,247 21,789 120,777 38,622 ' 16,952 21, 670 21, 149, 419 14,237,267 11,703,975 2,445,701 87,591 6,912,152 6,'262,484 649,668 100,465 58,850,036 56,032,782 28,768,642 20,591,370 4,648,528 926,428 1,197,814 2,817,264 2,209,912 112,673 71,689 525,048 402,518 122,630 219,788 19,000 141.128 3,029,383 2,689,013 340,370 99,674 97,594 2,080 1,082,731 86, 120 32,822 943, 431 32, 244 238,683 235, 152 3,431 164,441 245,361 1,087,683 76, 172 1,809,888 273,208 200,393 1,462,666 35,141 934,188 166,501 128,356 27,959 611,373 tl,950 1,700 260 20,777,071 20,646,303 16,279,872 4,354,128 12,303 130,768 129,296 1,472 624 14,034,927 13,971,211 8,140,993 4,284,468 618,374 656,369 372, 027 63, 716 . 59,716 2,000 2,000 15,423 15,423 86,245 3,100 3,100 10, 151 90,895 30,342 12,780 97,200 2,150 58,072 3,035 2,376 51, 726 4,580 84,761 26,950 2,879 12,591 42,34ll 1350 3,640 ■ 20,932 18, 962 9,933 9,029 2,596,644 2,223,811 1, 801, 241 401,376 21,194 372,833 334, 180 38,653 ^ 14,090 7,228,551 6,936,672 3,458,922 2,441,091 609,515 227,383 199, 761 291,879 175, 407 80,720 7,681 28,071 180,327 141, 758 38,669 31,807 1,610 12,230 690,225 676,004 16,221 19,284 18,544 740 160, 531 32,853 9,595 207,197 7,010 32,856 32, 160 696 19,075 70, 703 123, 436 11,644 201,660 50,003 89, 164 6,980 197,174 46,581 28,138 9,592 112,863 $111,184 255 10, 098 1,499 447 1,052 49,050 49, 050 44,780 4,129 141 103,862 103,650 53,934 36,264 12,281 714 1,457 212 7 123 82 14,165 12,442 1,723 6,447 74,813 71, 232 3,581 567 567 9,014 263 12,946 70 381 381 2,311 7,851 11,503 4,356 19, 732 160 152 63,087 5 3,829 127 44 3,6581 $1,764,828 $91,660 24,708 910 306,090 47,678 230,751 3,743 148,281 2,367 82,470 1,376 73,940,729 378,035 73, 604, 56! 232,204 59,994,365 173,666 13,227,591 65,773 382,613 2,765 336, 161 145,831 296,034 129,778 40, 127 16,053 23,964 3,214 174,074,810 1,047,394 173,591,575 958,411 88,991,727 413,717 67,054,210 355,640 18,239,157 117,656 5,178,952 4, 127, 52S 25,859 45,539 483,235 ' 88,983 271,29- 51,442 76,590 24,465 92,209 2,741 44,139 10,335 11,404,469 91,893 9,983,845 81,487 1,420,624 10,406 1,013,693 14,329 16, 198 790 348,549 6,651 13,634,772 249,667 11,702,977 219, 225 1,931,795 30,442 262,69! 2,566 261, 14S 2,495 1,545 71 1,966,067 28,558 731,205 5,859 176,00! 2,239 2,087,413 19,676 211,652 4,183 371,727 9,716 359, 166 9,564 12,561 162 1,689,41! 7,752 1,065,156 12,507 2,820,901 75,877 922,685 6,042 4,741,200 101,824 115,138 22,595 67,014 6,597 1,179,129 65,449 11,073 356 3,051,037 23,476 1,014,736 6,608 259,005 4,563 48, 140 171 1,729,156 12,134 $3,512,566 140, 669 815, 712 538, 076 314, 783 223,293 149,654,226 139, 776, 819 112, 981, 667 26,093,098 701,054 9,778,407 8,866,122 912,285 200,660 326,881,076 320,794,943 163,858,098 109,072,045 30,619,032 9,315,997 7,929,771 6,086,133 3,793,394 1,404,555 229,233 658,951 15,604,337 13,384,139 2,220,198 1,606,936 61,846 787,907 22,521,415 19,587,212 2,934,203 460,391 452,257 8,134 4,466,077 1,253,731 336, 467 5,047,481 ■329,592 928, 460 899,379 29,081 2,201,512 2,505,396 5,921,535 1,474,618 9,929,526 711, 118 610, 981 4,423,138 99,857 5,744,459 1,575,932 620, 097 131, 723 3, 416, 707 $1, 656, 078 2,579 2,679 115,061 462,044 303, 582 14 14 777 42 24 18 655 16 106 42 24 18 35 164, 135 139, 447 76,235,462 66,939,047 52,813,636 12,809,735 315,676 5,346 3,405 2,507 .793 105 774 771 771 929 246 111 135 1 1 1 3,642 2,387 1,624 658 105 142 142 142 9,296,415 . 8,440,310 856,105 173,472 1,941 1,648 293 67 3 3 683 513 170 12 1,256 1,132 123 56 151,768,872 146,244,957 74,452,654 51,662,195 13,390 12,076 4,961 4,690 195 195 439 320 37 100 12,756 11,561 4,924 4,590 72 72 17 12,262,219 1,696 196 168 1,343 55 4, 111, 186 316 413 1,314 754 385 316 388 1,195 717 353 3,756,703 5,513,915 3,470,655 1,304,500 25 119 37 32 134,283 42 8 34 604,477 133 42 91 4,107,975 2,777 778 25 1,974 338 3,318,807 789,168 578,913 2,251 526 522 733 45 300 22 3 37 1,496 478 185 338 34,868 11 116 - 11 30 432,807 6 80 8,636,976 7,665,010 971,966 195, 132 8,836 7,960 876 84 84 6,976 6,976 50 50 1,266 , 491 775 594 493 101 34 34 6,333 6,698 635 188,614 6,518 2,471,462 516,667 169,219 2,940,392 113,757 887 71 40 421 125 230 110 10 3 40 46 547 61 37 381 80 2 1 547,017 530,659 16,358 198 196 2 230 327 2,779 243 16 16 182 ISO 2 90 327 510 63 74 ""'385 504,342 140 1,427,733 3,024,757 545,891 1,920 176 349 15 5,086,502 2,682 985 293 1,404 465 573,385 547,370 3,188,560 460 124 1,814 6 216 33 238 91 1,814 6 319 4 6 88,429 5 534 1 60 2,669,946 185 30 554,588 184 102 1 247 160 24 83 1 211 50 356, 529 83, 412 19 l,67o,417l 25 ii ' Same number reported for one or more other months. < Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1088 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nroUSTET AND CITY. PEBSON3 EXGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- teud- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male, Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAOE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Total. 18 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIJES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Manhattan Borough— Contd. Feathers and plumes Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, cereals, and table foods. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles Meat products Lard compounds and other sub- stitutes and all other food prod- ucts for human consumption. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, and rattan and willow. . Metal, store and office fixtures . Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures , Gas fixtures , Electric fixtures , All other Gas machines and gas and water meters. Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Gold and silver, leaf and foil : Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Locks Hinges and other builders' hard- ware. All other Hat and cap materials Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Comforts, quilts, feather pillows, and beds. Mops, dusters, and all other Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Medical and surgical All other Ivory, shell, and bone work, not in- cluding combs and hairpins. Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Lamps and reflectors .'. . Automobile, carriage, and wagon Reflectors and all other lamps. . . Lapidary work Leather goods, not elsewhere specified Liquors, malt I.itnographing Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing millg connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 189 17 53 4,479 604 371 124 10 46 109 25 37 303 66 94 155 58 20 3,788 445 174 98 1,454 97 55 152 38 1,112 8 62 7 5 2 2 46 40 13 37 417 242 733 54 11 25 3 7 40 48 46 56 4 12 20 308 166 592 480 4 6 471 793 6,317 148 132 6,037 8,114 409 2 3 404 1,206 282 9 4 269 197 451 6 4 441 910 171 1 1 169 339 5,004 130 120 4,754 6,462 194 341 229 112 22 5,571 6,055 4,380 1,675 128 235 371 254 117 25 164 261 174 87 3 603 424 300 124 9 283 115 72 43 2 4,286 4,884 3,680 1,304 89 81 18 55 8 3 2,657 788 1,646 223 165 64 12 44 8 1 113 25 78 10 4 330 93 216 71 15 48 8 6 2,079 643 1,260 176 148 65 864 67 35 43 30 689 27 12 72 35 554 145 772 253 29 » 79 33 10 1 27 18 25 12 52 24 19 6 51 12 471 112 663 166 27 4 6 530 36 90 14 2 6 32 2 3 120 12 16 1 2 349 31 67 17 50 245 404 825 4,121 6 . 60 357 27 34 89 108 42 164 12 16 70 251 673 3,441 22 83 98 675 1,664 1,773 22 99 113 30 51 48 45 108 140 14 64 77 664 1,352 1,395 28 195 29 2 20 8 136 70 17 1,578 464 84 3 46 24 120 17 69 ■1,259 420 11 39 348 473 15 31 25 34 83 49 21 16 204 343 16 23 16 271 202 116 11 20 16 18 16 11 20 29 4 4 12 2 218 125 83 488 6,056 586 203 528 425 4,313 57 28 7 733 737 93 56 21 7 32 48 3 30 75 1 22 28 3 693 565 79 21 44 128 644 684 3,367 14 53 169 46 31 90 74 28 235 25 21 90 486 451 2,793 21 111 94 65 4,099 4,760 1,110 1,351 1 72 92 56 112 167 42 66 492 427 86 86 16 154 33 15 3,478 3,940 857 1,128 65 670 65 49 36 13 507 Se 4,636 Je 472 My ' 186 De Fe Je3 Ja No Ja Fe Mh 1^0 » Mh Ja Ja8 Mh Se Fe Mh Au No Co Oc Oc No Oc Se3 Ja Oc My Mh No Mh" No Mh Oc Au De Mh Je 56 De 3 317 Mh 188 No 660 146 122 5,026 7,123 Mh 4, 520 Ja 3,793 De 3,447 i'e 1,733 No 1,149 Oc 102 Ja 66 662 1,307 196 160 712 551 113 604 175 33 79 287 731 3,633 634 1,536 174 1,348 490 211 230 133 87 4,513 655 103 665 634 3,324 3,661 4,090 909 1,237 De 3,243 Ja 415 Ap 162 Jy Mh Oc De Ja Au De Je Jy No Oc« Mb Aps Oc No My No My Ja Ap Ja Jas Au Au Fes Au Mh Au De De Ap Fe Go 42 Au3 300 Au 139 FeS 530 112 117 4,354 3,916 Au 4,060 616 1,192 130 134 640 391 111 505 160 67 184 602 3,332 436 1,222 114 1,172 375 202 118 79 4,077 655 '""'58 421 116 2,684 3,302 3,840 792 1,044 3,788 458 174 66 317 173 642 5,210 137 119 4,954 6,817 4,421 4,557 3,454 1,103 95 2,077 642 1,253 182 157 441 111 633 168 329 30 66 233 748 3,563 660 1,414 1,467 160 1,307 467 198 324 200 124 85 4,395 631 481 61 420 638 2,754 3,517 4,106 873 1,124 461 108 102 862 27 245 93 487 5,094 137 118 4,839 5,003 1,535 4,379 3,301 1,078 75 1,971 561 1,233 177 145 624 203 67 206 157 328 29 66 233 677 3,000 427 562 612 394 467 196 192 104 66 3,877 439 407 60 347 488 2,003 3,617 3,503 833 1,094 1 Owned power only. 611 De 414 523 616 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 3,266 328 70 336 29 71 80 155 103 1 102 1,801 2,863 176 161 25 19 94 77 12 6 12 58 234 44 327 5 1 1 170 553 233 855 943 42 901 476 180 73 73 15 709 692 35 29 13 19 12 (4,521,878 608,051 684,136 2,664,343 111,985 436,136 443,283 13,138,886 121,769 59,634 12,957,483 17,282,476 7,797,799 7,301,491 6,623,241 1,678,250 209,835 4,004,874 1,133,981 2,600,979 269,914 392,439 630,286 466,924 200,896 1,540,030 189,167 1,410,364 26,067 154,896 1,229,401 2,240,803 3,146,477 837,110 1,978,710 3,239,162 411,172 2,827,990 3,446,736 1,617,907 916,936 383,942 532,994 91,290 14,499,100 697,475 1,695,990 109,486 1,686,505 2,977,236 3,303,868 62,268,904 8,051,681 1,249,272 2,081,176 1,653,5401 Digitized by Microsoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, 'AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1089 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. • Salaries and wages. For contract wort. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $308, 192 63,770 71,581 232,293 7,36( 6,720 16,686 201,627 718,669 20,257 6,295 692,117 455,215 604,759 666,706 395,684 161,122 9,160 361,519 84,837 247,312 19,370 10,729 50,674 15,604 2,000 63,540 28,405 69,921 3,000 10,500 46,421 46,182 166,470 65,344 115,613 111,975 5,560 106,415 43,649 157,375 58,066 25,402 32,664 13,830 535,301 68,664 121,164 111,804 94,214 184,571 647,073 112, 2;l 122,205 $435,705 110,330 98,618 264,624 1,' 72,588 91,583 98,521 602,622 7,972 5,616 689,034 1,186,144 947,268 523,273 374,699 148,574 10,527 505,760 134,341 332,442 38,977 11,768 69,551 34,918 13,786 100,941 22,878 82,705 500 10,848 71,357 66,194 176,266 37,113 135,836 191,890 .-27,175 164,715 19,234 142,839 46,884 15,224 31,660 3,207 888,366 33,516 73, 136 3,373 69,763 48,178 322,370 956,600 669,995 106,261 78,782 $1,713,014 222,672 82,122 584,168 19,743 138,770 75,222 350,433 3,839,559 79,673 105,754 -3,654,132 4,077,426 2,602,861 3,463,580 2,461,832 1,001,748 69,049 1,424,372 441,980 879,993 102,399 97,869 436,796 221,565 71,413 275,432 107,667 21,042 46,829 160,965 348,706 2,266,261 398,287 630,037 767,213 97, 134 670,079 367,260 155,090 249,516 150,654 98,862 44,341 3,393,166 333,163 342, 207 46,609 542,371 1,563,205 3,246,119 3,298,021 510,777 78,0021 41,153 376,714 82101°— 18 69 $39, 120 3,881 1,151 16,660 16,500 60 118,117 1,456 116,661 173,291 711,645 202,174 150,128 62,046 100 13,710 10,863 2,847 56 16,146 41,210 552 16,547 3,000 1,6 12,400 67,850 227,666 10,705 550 10,165 1,530 56,146 16,447 6,026 9,421 170,968 15,473 4,330 30 4,300 2,218 65,090 382,344 5,103 60,536 73,812 $306, 719 32,802 49,361 160,636 8,780 50,988 15,526 85,342 • 461,607 13,484 11,918 436,105 1,087,487 355,523 639,524 465,311 174,213 14,680 201,979 44,548 141,889 16,542 2,676 67,646 30,371 7,760 61,324 26,426 36,761 2,220 5,488 29,053 36,536 240,602 37,662 122,460 113,070 20,748 92,322 126,131 10,940 37,168 16,956 20,202 11,554 437,111 51,876 50,884 7,823 43,061 66,663 188,245 82,076 436,306 132, 781 151,068 58,080 $6,601 1,926 5,617 12,856 78 1,1 1,295 9,821 55,043 398 1,375 63,270 37,981 6,016 35,149 30,310 4,839 1,017 20,200 618 19,171 411 4, 1,336 160 1,193 3,853 348 5,8 987 4,879 3,849 1» 664 1,776 18,303 192 18,111 38,996 12,916 1, 942 944 17 9,319 432 8,581 8,: 1,317 7,199 3,557,884 37, 180 2,160 $5,674,521 606,829 858,631 5,604,425 259,699 499,531 1,027,801 3,817,494 3,287,914 94, 217 40,918 3,152,779 15,906,303 11,374,141 4,934,533 3,321,141 1,613,392 96,024 2,428,921 665,959 1,516,982 245,980 278,972 527,232 464,528 295,524 978,359 125,995 951,788 22,086 48,433 881,269 2,036,688 4,586,888 1,219,314 2,481,025 4,068,794 487,233 3,571,561 174, 192 946,028 214,240 115,215 99,025 113,066 9,002,620 427,344 753,382 ' 96,813 656,569 3,486,407 4,287,149 8,623,435 3,723,231 829,735 1,156,324 $26,443 7,378 5,360 127,111 2,884 38,703 8,219 77,305 178,004 4,967 7,050 163,987 77,203 40,067 145,756 108,869 36, 887 4,— 73,496 21,199 47,398 4, 5,074 25,179 3,527 3,228 5,405 4, 19,547 591 4,575 14,381 11,985 47,563 7, 24,630 25,989 2,064 23,935 408,861 28,400 12,273 7,316 4,957 2,137 87,200 9,119 13,441 1,502 11,939 13,625 28,223 594,680 89, 852 13,613 39,366 $10,186,562 1,338,047 1,439,679 8,341,118 324,142 1,050,833 1,523,265 6,442,888 11,572,507 290,181 219, 754 11,062,572 28,781,991 19,185,102 12,729,469 8,607,110 4,122,359 260,420 6,753,137 1,664,828 3,586,607 5fl,802 515,542 1,514,867 900,125 439,999 1,910,000 421,894 1,5.51,824 66,372 180,610 1,314,842 2,920,374 9,328,184 2,068,385 4,377,445 5,662,263 726,135 4,936,128 1,637,431 2,482,526 900,647 489,739 410,808 229,030 18,307,875 1,199,119 1,483,463 204,667 1,278,906 4,692,030 8,020,214 34,664,983 11,052,338 2,098,665 2,905,736 $4,685,598 723,840 576,688 2,609,582 61,659 512,599 487,235 1,548,089 8,108,589 190,997 171,786 7,745,806 12,798,485 7,770,894 7,649,180 5,177,100 2,4/2,080 160,058 3,260,720 967,670 2,022,127 260,923 231,4% 962,456 442,070 141, 247 926,236 291,200 580,489 33, 695 127,602 419,192 871,701 4,694,733 841,191 1,871,890 1,577,480 236,848 1,340,632 1,064,378 1,608,098 674,034 367,208 306,826 113,827 9,218,055 762,666 716,640 106,242 610,398 1,191,998 3,704,842 25,446,868 7,239,255 1,265,217 1,710,046 15,135 563,242 23,038 1,433,290 847,010 s Same number reported for one or more other months. 287 113 112 1,819 113 539 267 900 6,597 116 130 6,351 1,143 604 3,856 2,562 'l76 1,310 220 1,020 70 115 291 47 39 22 73 12 131 325 491 532 132 402 727 67 660 10,598 309 72 52 1,726 176 337 443 460 3,132 337 3,631 1,723 620 85 S35 3,339 110 50 3,179 1,757 1,402 355 120 410 "410 'ios 60 60 300 15 40 610 510 8,126 1,075 175 175 125 125 100 22,575 1,195 188 2,880 945 78 46 25 944 6 25 913 7 24 619 360 259 17 179 9 144 147 64 36 17 31 8 19 1 18 2,466 75 30 161 31 312 292 141 68 72 870 6S 280 182 340 2,314 65 2,259 1,136 480 1,480 800 721 211 466 44 10 142 47 34 20 73 246 12 33 201 155 512 86 354 198 132 7 58 178 114 62 32 1,874 146 132 49 83 435 369 64 1,776 118 439 486 181 ISl 2,261 2,261 108 168 3 165 13 343 2 'ioi 101 1,417 439 40 40 67 5,848 i,r- 81 2,465 426 57 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1090 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND CITY. PEB30NS ENGAGED IN THE INDUaTBT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala. ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male, Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Manhattan Borough— Contd. Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Embroideries Trimmed hats and hat frames . . Dress and cloafe trimmings, braids, and fringes. Women's neckwear All other Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and imframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Brass and other metal Violins and other stringed in- struments. All other Musical instruments, pianos Musical instruments, piano and organ materials. Oil, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paints Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and oompovmds.. Perfumery and cosmetics Phonographs and graphophones . . . Photo-engraving Photographic apparatus Pickles, preserves, and sauces Preserves'. Pickles and sauces Pipes, tobacco Plated ware Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book pubhshing and printing . . . Book publishing without printing, linotype work, and typesetting. Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing and publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Refrigerators Regalia and society badges and em- blems. Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Sausage, not made 1q slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Sewing machines and attachments. . Shipbuilding, Including boat build- ing. Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties Electric and other signs Advertising novelties Silk goods , i ncluding throwsters . Finished products Throwsters and winders Silversmithing and silverware . . . Slaughtering and meat packing. . Soap Sporting and atUetic goods 84 912 103 30 74 24 681 1,0«3 25,932 1,332 610 1,80S 1,087 21,095 292 4,897 356 141 308 156 3,935 344 10, 182 427 240 70C 457 8,358 169 2,373 208 74 194 103 1,794 110 5,311 131 72 405 241 4,462 168 3,169 210 83 200 130 2,546 163 1,495 182 47 124 20 1,122 33 710 39 20 52 14 585 77 1,008 77 53 63 41 774 9 63 10 8 7 7 31 34 170 45 3 3 4 115 6 52 8 2 3 2 37 17 51 21 1 1 28 11 43 67 3,698 16 10 1 141 50 3,233 109 205 15 1,776 9 30 36 11 1,690 15 133 3 26 44 12 48 36 680 35 15 86 36 408 17 419 9 IS 72 23 297 44 779 23 48 66 .42 600 253 2,023 152 225 330 286 1,030 107 1,696 71 97 257 345 926 4 57 5 15 2 35 62 1,991 26 113 313 . 68 1,471 22 674 14 25 63 17 555 45 746 41 31 104 31 536 8 284 4 8 45 2Q 207 37 462 37 23 59 11 332 9 424 6 6 17 6 389 8 250 6 13 24 19 18S 18 336 13 21 41 15 246 23 723 36 7 38 25 617 1,379 25,463 1,184 1,215 2,835 1,849 18,380 1,139 21,059 1,047 873 1,174 588 17,377 19 1,089 6 40 152 61 830 221 3,316 131 302 1,509 1,200 173 68 1,007 45 73 303 150 436 771 30,013 282 1,645 10,851 6,267 10,968 76 17,652 20 480 5,443 2,122 9,587 72 2,393 41 124 674 319 1,236 623 9,968 221 1,041 4,734 3,826 146 11 113 10 3 6 1 93 25 159 31 8 11 5 104 9 171 3 15 13 10 130 19 332 14 12 28 3 275 86 305 83 4 7 6 205 49 230 66 4 23 1 146 3 12 9 97 3 9 1 2 5 71 6 9 5 229 3 S 11 3 . 204 138 4,361 198 65 315 148 3,635 12 199 11 13 9 6 160 173 1,576 164 73 105 55 1,179 144 1,068 141 55 61 38 773 29 .508 23 , 18 44 17 406 56 2,032 63 48 131 42 1,748 46 1,865 51 45 110 39 1,620 10 167 12 3 21 3 128 27 689 20 32 105 19 513 78 4,235 67 109 540 115 3,404 18 610 10 32 114 35 419 12 99 11 5 8 4 71 Oc 702 Oo 4,358 Mh 10,627 Se 2,051 Oc 5,180 2,667 Je 1,255 Oo 622 Mh 853 (<) 31 Fe Je Fe Mh Jy Mh Ap Mh Oc No Fe Fe 3,521 1,788 50 441 303 648 1,073 1,004 54 1,499 640 Se fAp Ap No Jy Oc 236 369 448 237 271 850 Mh 18,490 My 873 My ' 179 Ap 447 Ap. Je 9,791 1,319 Fe 201 Je ' 106 De 108 No 8 188 Ap 3 319 Je 212 De 152 (*) Ja' Je Fe Fe 3,941 187 Fe Se 820 560 Mh Se 00 Ja Oo Jys 1,729 147 554 3,534 443 74 De 659 Je Je Ja De ^J Oc (<) Au Se3 Au Jy Se Ja Au Ja My Se De My De Ja Fe Ja Jy Oc Jy Jy Jy3 No 3,345 6,212 1,587 3,831 2,383 1,028 659 692 31 2,626 1,606 46 291 531 20 1,441 182 306 276 118 228 467 16,408 780 163 423 Jy 9, Ap 1,143 No 104 De 77 Ap 99 Fe 60 De 193 De.3 201 Je 142 173 Au 3,316 De 138 Se Ap 731 281 Des De Jy Oc De Oc 1,503 110 476 3,307 400 67 660 17,700 4,221 8,293 1,781 2,522 1,047 574 729 31 117 3,249 1,614 49 416 294 623 1,079 895 52 1,505 477 509 201 307 167 240 514 18,382 17,414 795 173 437 11, 125 9,756 1,262 107 80 108 139 192 201 160 5 74 3,780 140 1,184 746 438 1,6 1,£ 137 508 3,357 416 . 76 520 5,757 952 3.246 677 416 566 564 604 26 113 35 3,: 1,403 49 371 287 372 529 339 52 1,465 462 285 107 178 274 150 236 364 15,375 14,733 491 151 9,723 8,530 1,161 32 80 44 139 72 190 149 5 74 186 126 951 688 263 710 693 17 493 3,347 315 74 103 ll,69f 3,230 4,951 1,163 420 9 7 115 28 152 41 7 250 539 540 34 15 224 94 130 28 17 4 148 2,799 2,482 297 20 l,i 1,201 89 70 58 118 9 2,094 14 226 54 172 954 834 120 10 6 101 29 55 1 Owned power only. 11,040,854 23,353,638 4,270,197 9,051,662 1,991,486 4,636,477 3,403,816 2,414,380 1,766,961 1,218,774 76,828 181,761 71,432 42,076 68,254 12,766,478 3,503,574 231,490 870,605 952,698 905,762 4,915,335 2,577,684 111,188 1,427,087 961,110 1,423,481 441,609 981,872 353,295 312,428 725,405 496,661 45,753,308 26,592,533 2,569,516 17,591,259 1,916,518 67,819,991 41,406,384 4,124,500 22,289,107 108,837 124,693 201,633 465,425 358,257 403,645 5,150 187,233 501,129 8,416,293 88,972 1,294,626 895,222 399,404 2,970,703 2,421,444 549,259 1,599,449 27,939,085 1,941,472 90,373 > Includes rented power, other than elfietric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1091 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. EJec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including Interpal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! luter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. - Jt7,158 1,324,620 316,294 548,954 109,970 194,591 154,811 103,938 30,12« 126,673 14,096 4,672 3,892 780 425,555 97,994 34,188 37,346 112,354 655,070 397,837 12,400 314,960 104,230 66,778 28,390 38,388 16,160 34,140 45,933 12,760 3,419,813 2,266,057 176,115 977,641 187,629 6,821,899 2,571,319 431,470 3,819,110 4,964 17,502 29,750 26,030 5,202 5,""" 11,383 21,385 122,635 23,298 190,702 117,942 72,760 110,942 109,041 1,901 95,118 478,895 100,992 13,858 $81,843 2,744,320 483,399 989, 174 237,723 738,636 119,649 60,705 92,188 10,315 4,186 3,094 416 676 320,995 44,547 56,076 107,331 101,153 74,943 529,477 611,976 10,675 374,743 60,024 144,345 64,628 79,717 20,999 34,609 47,256 65,425 4,221,206 1,734,768 201, 177 2,285,261 436,746 18,341,810 9,315,371 1,142,181 7,884,258 6,555 9,925 20,054 27,678 14,416 18,209 520 14,062 20,654 439,991 12,148 111,386 81,927 29,459 126,022 109,883 16,139 121,536 773,713 229,799 10,432 8445,976 10,606,096 1,987,725 4,732,087 779,507 1,994,265 1,112,512 723,863 388,878 471,741 20,950 68,992 . 24,523 16,224 28,245 2,224,546 863,840 33,828 244,205 204,793 299,877 547,471 454,205 27,590 1,608,880 - 402,375 291,274 103,598 187,676 202, 821 117,354 145,436 324,796 14,295,626 13,523,102 682, 141 190,383 304,007 11,444,355 10,167,950 1,131,204 145,201 76,228 51,082 108,772 132,731 128,551 120,064 2,744 49,462 175,568 1,765,251 91, 330 766, 718 574, 705 192,013 908,162 853,223 54,939 381,592 2,689,469 249,770 84,180 Jl, 362, 209 909,578 60,771 63,641 121,470 206,749 3,093 11,250 12,839 1,165 1,165 125,929 240 1,348 800 3,221 33,439 61,997 32,777 3,523 3,523 360 2,500 3,100 19,995 7,031,865 955,393 220,917 5,855,555 673,437 2,447,500 830,028 304,712 1,312,760 10, 178 13,314 3,377 239 86,620 3,125,294 1,120 66,779 ■ 33,274 33,505 247,715 168,845 78,870 6,900 26,837 100 $93,805 1,694,484 308,200 727, 387 159,201 279,895 219,801 141,021 61,291 104, 174 7,491 25,290 5,150 11, 106 9,034 83,042 19,163 34,061 28,012 73,616 244,987 185,489 8,367 146,463 44,968 87,280 23,393 63,887 17,765 19,485 29,034 32,593 2,223,; — 1,825,154 68,892 329,262 129, 110 2,025,015 995,990 234, 817 794, 20g 14,878 12,392 8,923 21, 103 36, 176 26,771 1,441 6,710 16,919 271,134 15,812 144, 161 112, 158 32,003 158,689 144,577 14,112 39,634 274,422 33,390 13, 190 33,946 9,590 1,287 4,294 18,018 6,020 59,954 35,625 ' 141 3,159 2,337 6,493 2,028 4,465 184 25 1,801 113,662 63,953 12,888 36, 821 7,044 306, 150 225,282 18,305 62,563 94 369 812 1,786 1,610 1,042 2,383 6,496 136 2,763 2,423 ■340 1,538 1,509 29 7,513 142,993 8,082 114 $1,588,443 32,800,926 4,349,624 14,408,831 3,432,014 6,972,384 4,638,073 1,151,793 1,064,589 695,552 174, 524 65,967 14,313 17,369 34,286 6,323,694 1,104,907 861,921 485, 176 967,220 834,772 3,129,309 2,606,699 46,737 718,981 636,289 1,901,137 659,091 1,242,046 500,414 189,966 562,913 1,002,553 14,846,485 11,797,774 1,190,630 1,858,081 576,056 26,445,838 17,594,601 1,814,074 7,037,163 149,931 118,422 252,504 378,398 322,025 2,365 55,488 317,867 11,945,410 155,704 1,152,651 712,100 440,551 2,854,276 •1,831,756 1,022,620 657,639 79,789,842 1,496,434 99,366 $15, 193 268, 685 39,259 117,081 27,847 45,714 38,784 48,482 21,090 24,464 3,189 4,191 1,485 1,219 1,487 49,326 28,972 3,424 11,431 8,563 31,830 22,801 12,876 1,343 67,299 10,738 26,638 15, 126 11,612 3,101 5,361 9,106 5,892 665,546 624,650 30,322 10,573 10,029 536,775 467, 157 65,405 4,213 1,536 1,792 1,513 2,005 4,661 21,046 350 3,375 6,230 51,407 3,912 18,698 13,973 4,625 35,565 31, 119 4,446 21,214 311,369 28, 499 880 $2,626,273 63,423,719 10,832,117 26,478,378 6,752,407 11,761,418 8,699,399 3,199,616 1,919,954 1,994,111 276,169 236,850 73,989 75,379 87,482 10,650,842 3,214,754 1,160,437 1,140,728 2,123,847 1,797,457 11,306,769 5,511,092 128,074 3,686,064 1,605,760 3,203,040 1,005,275 2,197,765 465, 147 947,412 1,741,724 62,731,477 40,212,103 2,998,211 19,521,163 3,609,422 107,795,051 56,167,648 6,689,284 44,938,119 284,065 285,459 533,932 680,984 652,717 1,631,709 13,380 170,655 807,621 20,521,136 361,436 2,976,066 1,974,460 1,001,596 5,403,644 4,033,974 1,369,670 1,655,716 90,716,182 3,552,506 252,628 $1,022,637 30,364,108 6,443,234 11,962,466 2,292,646 5,743,320 3,922,542 1,999,341 834,275 1,374,095 98,446 166,702 58,191 56,801 51,710 5,177,922 2,080,875 295,092 644,122 1,148,064 930,865 8,154,659 2,991,517 80,994 2,909,784 1,058,733 1,275,265 331,058 944,207 362,988 269,820 375,393 733, 279 47,219,447 27,789,679 1,777,269 17,652,509 3,023,337 80,812,438 38,105,890 4,809,806 37,896,743 132,598 165,245 279,915 300,581 326,031 401,677 10,665 111,692 483,524 8,524,319 191,820 1,804,807 1,248,387 556,420 2,613,803 2,171,099 342,704 976,863 10,613,971 . 2,027,6'2 152,282 3,259 500 1,188 604 521 446 1,030 580! 528, 32 16 20 2,009 940 121 203 324 379 708 464 190 771 208 663 118 16,748 15,860 813 75 305 16,853 14,914 1,795 144 103 21 47 41 51 394 11 61 744 168 414 984 875 109 556 8,243 762 19 344 254 182 1,435 832 66 216 116 136 387 55 332 902 380 2,995 2,995 100 182 100 355 356 250 6,796 647 28 277 10 138 103 74 54 266 51 10 133 8 17 149 134 15 65 7 20 807 172 13 36 174 149 73 605 250 2,899 490 1,047 471 476 415 377 223 272 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. 40 20 309 57 56 203 384 342 28 456 173 235 19 216 91 84 38 14,658 14, 151 432 75 305 13,829 11,901 1,784 144 97 11 27 28 41 384 1 34 548 390 55 379 305 74 456 371 84 233 843 66 19 26 109 7 336 337 844 744 100 2,145 110 110 3,143 75 10 60 51 52 53 54 55 66 57 68 59 60 61 62 63 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1092 MAJ^UFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. 1 1 1 ■s 1 PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE mDUSTEY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST EEPRESENTAirVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 16th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 25 Manhattan Borough— Contd. Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stationery goods, not elsewhere spec- ified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Steam packing Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Surgical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. . ' Cigars Cigarettes Both cigars and cigarettes . Tools, not elsewhere specified. . Machinists' tools All other Toys and games Trunks and vahses Typewriters and supplies Carbon paper Typewriters, ribbons, and all other. Umbrellas and canes Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified. Varnishes Vault lights and ventilators Watch and clock materials Watchcases Window shades and fixtures Wirework Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. All other industries * 18 45 39 16 16 37 6 147 44 78 879 754 109 16 33 6 58 120 37 6' 32 120 4 375 1,242 381 871 143 1,271 148 287 1,403 1,400 157 23,560 17, 261 6,172 127 175 39 136 1. 2,259 887 114 773 1,700 196 il4 82 13 331 617 122 21,303 12 18 7 134 33 915 811 87 17 26 1 25 47 128 24 4 145 4 15 5 4 9 61 49 61 15 12 51 13 63 6 117 29 41 46 6 355 248 102 5 18 7 11 65 78 47 11 64 10 14 4 1 5 14 28 8 6 770 22 123 15 188 20 182 12 147 14 127 92 1,556 807 739 10 10 2 40 130 157 16 16 8 1 14 36 32 7 11 3,813 57 411 215 194 2 4 61 14 1,259 309 979 290 579 92 974 116 1,497 180 1,062 1,219 ,113 20,323 15, 180 5,050 93 117 27 90 1,181 1,868 669 67 602 1,283 160 66 62 7 51 201 493 205 84 15,069 Jy No Se Jas Mh Fe Mh My Jy Mh Au 346 1,015 323 602 102 996 132 Oc 1,778 195 1,102 1,284 120 Oo 15,676 Ja 5,331 Aua 107 My Des Se My 32 98 1,679 1,956 Oo My Mh No Oo No (') De8 72 776 1,433 188 Oc 239 Oo 546 Oc 228 Jy 99 Ja Au My No Au Se De Fe Oc Ja Je Oc 267 260 551 71 950 100 1,173 170 997 1,129 105 Au 14,777 De 4,311 Se 59 678 Jy3 Oc No Ap3 Ja My W Jy3 62 353 1,106 142 Fe 178 Ap 466 Ja 187 No 61 317 979 227 418 90 543 6 12 325 674 325 567 6 1 86 961 85 929 1 12 10 114 110 1 3 1,663 1,656 7 180 72 107 1 1,062 494 555 5 8 1,230 1,124 102 . 2 2 110 20,213 60 9,419 60 10,766 18 21 15,447 7,869 7,561 4 13 4,670 1,476 3,173 13 8 96 74 21 1 129 120 8 1 27 102 27 93 8 1 1,129 688 412 7 22 1,889 1,723 164 2 748 691 46 1(1 1 63 52 8 3 685 639 38 7 1 1,274 683 558 31 2 186 99 83 4 57 67 7 54 207 56 67 7 51 146 2 3 60 1 487 456 30 1 208 203 3 2 72 48 18 6 15,240 11,451 3,742 20 27 1,149,585 387,375 3,156,563 236,213 1,304,110 290,404 1,767,479 287,889 1,545,380 3,580,806 290,773 43,557,293 15,150,518 28,316,275 90,500 201,489 41,121 160,368 769,434 2,221,588 1,728,501 189,791 1,538,710 1,788,047 140,186 299,817 64,698 16,673 276,650 721,437 826,844 161,644 218,343 124,287,736 * All other industries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts 1 Aluminum ware 1 Artificial jmbs 8 Asbestos products, not including steam pacldng 3 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills 6 Belting aiid hose, woven 2 Billiard tables and materials 13 Bluing 2 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Brick and tile, terra-ootta, and fire- clay products 1 Butter, reworking 1 Candles 2 Cardboard, not made in paper mills.. 2 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1 Carpets, rag 4 Carsandgeneralshop'CQnstructionand repairs by steam-railroad companies 4 Cheese 2 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 7 C hocolate and cocoa products 3 Clocks 8 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 21 Clothing, horse ^ 4 C ordage and twine 1 Cotton lace 2 Cotton small wares 3 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia^ lists' supphes 1 Drug grinding 5 Emery and other abrasive wheels 2 Enameling 10 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engravers' materials 2 Envelopes 11 Fire extinguishers, chemical 4 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 Fuel, manufactured 1 Galvanizing 1 Gas, illuminating and heating , 6 Glucose and starch 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 3 Gold and silver, reducmg and refining, not from the ore. '. 11 Grease and tallow, not including Inbrl- cating greases .■ 1 Hats, straw 69 Hats, wool-felt ; 2 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Ink, writing 7 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 2 1 Qdeens Borough — All industries 975 37,201 845 967 2,942 817 31,630 My 32,842 De 30,702 31,986 26,100 5,589 113 18'4 $187,989,531 ? 7 6 67 5 182 13 24 4 3 31 4 27 22 654 866 81 1,685 598 164 156 111 883 172 711 4 3 63 4 187 19 31 2 1 16 2 1-4 2 20 14 1 35 9 1 4 11 41 8 33 16 568 466 70 1,281 536 126 135 86 708 155 553 Sea De Se Ap Nb Ja My 3 My Oo 22 608 526 79 2,130 666 . 135 147 124 Fe '/. De Ja Nos Nqs Jy ■ 7 533 394 56 905 343 116 125 66 22 571 418 61 2,062 525 130 126 123 845 177 668 22 568 418 61 1,386 230 130 109 123 842 176 666 18,320 1,872,674 987,269 152.695 3 Automobile bodies and parts 61 121 4 142 28 6 12 11 60 5 55 12 2 2 40 6 3 2 58 2 56 3 4 5 Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products 6 7 658 291 7 1 2 2 4,388,326 695,005 357,874 306,941 388,143 12,460,044 168,329 12,291,715 8 Carriages and wagons and materials. . Dyeing and finishing textiles Dyestufls and extracts 9 10 17 11 Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops 3 1 2 12 De 204 653 No No 94 464 13 ^ Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914-Oontinued. 1093 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power . Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- giaes.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES-Continued. $49,990 t23,67.1 $165,455 $4,6*7 $33,203 $2,987 $334,412 $11,307 $639,666 $293,947 260 60 58 142 1 95,242 197,952 454,686 9,894 75,082 3,411 1,556,900 13,848 2,781,607 1,210,869 410 165 38 207 2 27,183 206,908 12,608 252,944 279,453 420,947 7,107 13,272 31,306 88,593 1,160 6,622 114,991 2,205,831 4,510 38,538 606,915 3,995,691 487,414 1,751,'322 23 1,161 23 279 ""419 X 800 82 4 35,630 164,661 8,572 20,474 182,851 16,746 64,312 978,130 65,573 690 29,278 1,000 10,521 110,744 13,520 1,019 2,870 530 107,297 635,088 263,981 5,731 80,692 4,548 318,935 2,507,722 476,559 205,907 1,791,942 208,030 130 1,481 130 10 59 143 15 61 1,338 115 5 6 7 192,418 148,462 915,682 99,260 136,346 7,762 1,632,684 38,128 3,677,721 2,006,909 1,171 250 416 505 27 8 61,642 87,083 103,891 18,700 26,823 149,714 97,267 3,320 107,613 494,691 604,852 42,874 2,725 64,612 71,000 900 31,637 85,473 75,151 15,189 906 601 8,218 33,548 185,884 2,903,178 1,619,667 301,993 3,441 11,398 38,485 2,225 537,330 4,329,118 3,120,648 501,021 348,005 1,414,642 1,462,496 196,803 47 122 1,110 196 47 122 213 145 ....... 398 9 10 810 50 87 1 11 12 1,014,899 617,683 390,836 6,480 16,750 i,080 11,670 2,342,775 1,067,908 1,268,767 6,100 7,600 1,516 6,084 9,501,499 7,647,119 1,822,898 31,482 67,780 12,874 64,906 89,687 82,015 7,672 658,173 492,351 157,700 8,122 18,280 3,045 15,235 9,592,560 1,986,040 7,595,744 10,776 289 27,425,831 11,696,458 15,644,818 84,555 145,745 10,249 135,496 86,793 47,365 38,800 638 4,284 1,109 3,175 61,591,289 28,308,944 33,075,988 206,367 347,753 43,409 304,344 34,078,665 16,565,131 17,392,370 121,164 197,724 32,051 165,673 2,468 1,211 1,253 4 100 27 73 1,650 775 775 135 135 783 301 478 4 52 3 49 337 231 106 13 14 15 16 75 48 24 24 17 75 289 19 107,487 164,013 115,898 24,660 91,238 65,869 162,108 103,276 31,161 72,115 566,967 1,086,644 384,966 38,671 346,285 7,604 2,064 15 77,885 173,117 41,988 9,678 32,410 1,121 2,273 7,240 135 7,106 1,015,607 3,321,443 691,594 186,720 604,874 16,171 26,776 9,977 1,900 8,077 2,358,474 5,723,227 1,986,281 366,430 1,619,851 1,326,696 2,376,008 1,284,710 177,810 1,106,900 277 439 406 47 359 ieo 300 56 24 221 265 106 47 59 4 ■■"is? ■■"i37 20 21 22 23 15 300 24 125,160 28,829 188,968 21,261 705,822 70,758 18,472 500 152,784 18,750 1,085 342 3,000,237 107,810 28,359 1,503 4,939,206 319,114 1,910,610 209,801 288 28 41 247 28 25 26 28,282 11,330 2,600 18,600 22,743 45,761 9,200 8,696 18,773 6,659 520 20,061 40,687 43,715 5,436 15,567 35,264 36,947 4,380 41,254 112,392 201,965 138,875 35,906 13,760 6,970 2 131 8,614 42,366 39,096 29,778 12,882 664 3 42 120 623 1,700 15 524 406,478 1?2,236 10,541 66,403 1,330,269 631,269 136,879 154,192 6,966 362 232 2,314 2,839 13,498 10,741 1,305 653,289 223,972 27,213 242,791 1,745,825 1,083,692 454,202 271,033 139,845 101,374 16,440 174,074 412,717 538,825 306,582 115,536 171 27 6 36 52 318 369 66 25 146 25 6 36 50 190 82 65 27 7,787 100 35,240 4,024 1,785 2,171 2 28 29 m is 70 " 2 113 217 ....'.. 31 32 33 34 2,246,781 3,563,808 9,067,519 411,888 1,062,140 1,222,610 38,753,806 3,215,017 75,891,688 33,922,765 23,834 19,176 1,566 3,094 3,259 35 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 8 Iron and steel torgings ; . . . 1 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 Japanning 8 Labelsand tags 30 lasts 5 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 6 Liquors, distilled 4 Liquors, vinous 5 Lubricating greases 8 Lumber and timber products 2 Malt ; 1 Mats and matting,'ft'om cocoa fiber and grass 1 Minerals and earths, ground 4 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. 1 Musical instruments, organs 3 Oil, essential 2 Paper patterns 11 Paving materials 1 Pencils, lead 3 Pens, fountain and stylographic 20 Pens, gold 7 Photographic materials 9 Poultry, idllin| and dressing 1 •Printing materials 16 Pumps,notlnoludingpowerpumps.. 3 Pumps, steam and other power 3 Rules, ivory and wood 3 Scales aid balances 6 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 2 Soda-water apparatus 21 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not- made in steel works or rolling mills. 6 Stencils and brands 16 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 4 Theatrical scenery 2 Tinfoil 3 Type founding 2 rai . - • ... . Wall paper, not made in paper mills Wall plaster. Washing machines ^d clothes wring- ers 1 Whalebone cutting 1 Whips 2 Window and door screens and weather strips 4 Wire 1 Wood carpet 4 Worsted goods 1 $2,951,618 $3,748,639 $19,049,556 $772,734 $768,757 SI, 864, 824 $112,433,754 $6,324,935 $164,789,481 $46,030,792 70,413 56,627 3,088 10 10,688 17,561 1 1,360 67,739 42,485 1,560 41,830 24,255 1,000 10,380 40,900 > 86,128 19,514 66,614 8,953 430,396 436,573 46,795 854,289 195,698 9.3,227 75,509 61.272 512,684 125,637 387,047 1,350 370 200 1,515 18,403 71,033 1,920 182,164 8,374 1,680 100 15,144 6,030 650 16,514 2,161 3,127 1,263 3,667 16,038 1,520 14,518 12,718 283,120 536,770 112,541 2,282,482 273,911 114,580 75,4.30 352,042 622.987 52, 196 570,791 232 13,876 22,490 5,922 99,418 10,725 4,071 8,646 17,456 27,212 7,617 19,595 34,412 952, 181 1,421,242 235,330 4,250,615 665,831 281,987 218,890 556,091 1,614,657 238,430 1,376,227 21,462 655,185 861,982 116,867 1,868,715 381,195 163,336 134,814 186,593 964,458 178,617 786,841 7 744 621 62 2,817 516 231 151 450 1,054 248 806 600 is 2,345 300 40 127 450 75 75 4 3 144 686 37 349 102 56 18 ""766 "'i,'667 20 1 2 9 71,910 100,312 5,911 62,474 29,788 ' 4,525 11,182 14,500 88,646 5,449 83,197 35 4 5 6 7 8 1,040 17,150 1,350 6,906 123 114 136 2,000 42,524 7,865 34,659 9 10 11 12 4,801 4,801 422 497 188 309 347 ""347 13 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1094 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDTJSTBT AND aiY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDDSTKT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- n um- ber. Number, 15th day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Queens Borough— Continued. Furs, dressed Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Lumber, planin^-mill products, not including plamng muls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Paints Printing and publishing, book and job. Printmg and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Sausage, not made in slaushtering and meat-packing establishments. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildmg. Shirts Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All ather industries * 115 264 55 449 36 653 171 190 872 972 50 405 61 216 213 27 325 2,081 11 2,739 874 21, 711 117 185 47 662 95 "206 21 1,832 1 624 44 421 21 505 146 149 750 780 294 35 156 156 19 284 275 1,926' 7i 2,462 I 727 18, 608 Je 48 Je 595 Ocs 32 My 3 De Se 557 235 160 852 Oc 855 Au 40 Mh a 307 Au 41 161 Fes My Ja My Mha Mh Oc 372 280 2,046 8 2,723 777 Ja3 Jy Fea Je Fe Ja Fe 41 145 11 340 79 134 682 Fe 628 Fea 23 De 265 Mh 31 Ja 149 Jea De De De Jya Au Fe 18 208 266 1,684 3 2,255 675 44 356 450 208 1.59 716 785 25 263 36 163 163 19 266 1,663 8 2,311 781 18,632 44 347 29 135 208 113 715 785 25 258 32 152 152 19 22 751 8 2,010 347 16,002 275 434 2,616 62 1102,671 1,128,035 56,576 932,567 1,383,824 277,326 1,553,530 2,076,640 113,472 3,314,021 87,060 434,824 432,024 2,800 66,250 766,840 31,104 4,061,87 13,450 5,454,679 1,259,271 143,249,225 *A11 other industries embrace — Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 4 Babbitt metal and solder 1 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills 1 Baskets,andrattanand willow ware.. 3 BilUard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bookbindingandblank-bookmaking. 3 Boots and shoes, notinoluding rubber boots and shoes 1 Boxes , fancy and paper 2 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brushes 2 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Chemicals 3 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, men's. .'..... 4 Clothing, women's - 13 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 1 Confectionery and ice cream 9 C ooperage 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 18 Cordage and twine 1 Cotton small wares 2 Druggists ' preparations 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 3 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving and diesmkiog 1 Fancy articles , not elsewhere specified 1 Files 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Furniture 13 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, Illuminating and heating 7 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 1 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 3 Hardware 2 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and w ool 1 Ink, printing 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters ... 1 Iron and steel f orgings 1 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 1 Richmond Borough— All indus- tries. 192 8,666 161 211 675 140 7,479 Je 7,813 Ja 7,113 7,565 6,679 849 9 18 137,949,958 2 13 42 10 7 15 4 4 7 8 8 13 52 27 235 42 32 546 34 20 18 779 30 63 254 23 6,563 11 44 11 7 13 4 7 7 7 8 13 29 16 185 31 24 408 22 16 11 553 21 43 231 10 5,908 Sea 18 Jy 189 Jya 34 Sea 27 Ap 500 Jy 38 Jya 18 Jya 13 Ap 583 Ja 23 Ap 45 Je 307 (*) 10 No a 15! Fea 182 Dea 29 Fe 13 Ja 322 Fe 10 Dea 15 Dea 9 De 525 Jea 20 Jea 42 De 174 m 10 18 184 30 26 422 •22 15 10 525 21 42 179 10 6,051 18 165 30 26 415 22 15 10 466 19 40 179 8 5,266 6,890 274,710 43,722 30,176 1,794,683 278,776 54,594 23,856 4,138,639 35,243 91,264 555,342 22,568 30,699,495 Bread and other bakery products — Carriages and wagons and materials. . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry andmachine-shopproducts. 2 4 19 5 1 21 3 6 7 87 8 17 1 6 1 s Mineral and soda waters Marbl§ and stone work 52 3 9 127 2 5 6 47 5 56 2 1 3 n Printing andpubUshing,bookandjob. Printing and pubUshing, newspapers and periodicals. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildmg. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 12 1? 1 . ^^ 2 763 15 120 436 70 7 15 *A11 other industries embrace — Artificial flowers Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Brick and tile 4 Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Chemicals 2 Clothing, women's 1 Confectionery 1 C otton goods 1 Dental goods 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Fireworks 1 Flags and banners 1 Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 1 Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Liquors, malt 2 Lumber and timber prod'ucts 1 Lumber, planing-mul products, not including plamng mills connected with sawmills 2 Millinery and lace goods 3 1 Owned power only. Digitized by Mi*. power, other than electric. NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1095 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OP 60,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $14,560 37,818 7,307 41,300 30,273 11,639 113,173 160,793 1,345 75,263 3,900 35,249 32,180 23,793 87,706 2,000 114,698 26,283 1,816,891 $2,392 15,140 1,816 108,352 1,692 23,702 76,711 72,574 2,600 131,589 1,1 — 20,737 20,737 18,788 131,700 300 239,871 53,903 2,455,596 $24,487 290,496 16,017 240.060 117, 624 83,550 556,688 738,554 19,405 162,651 19,674 128,273 128,273 16,848 182,023 88,541 947,492 6,216 1,224,427 468,783 11,002,450 $2,191 14,332 64,760 240 219 30,287 74,073 "'"425 19,543 2,020 17,523 192,134 '"'3,' 530 209 337,624 $5,500 450 1, 5,596 2,875 '5,894 27,041 65,473 4,704 5,780 6,112 7,230 6,890 340 600 10,414 2,050 36,981 1,250 16,500 11,808 221,658 $12 7,794 260 2,121 13,584 2,005 6,741 12,325 1,141 13,513 183 2,644 2,628 16 513 5,427 133 10,406 152 24,394 383,941 1,312,842 $24,164 141,976 15,806 560,742 82,208 239,229 1,101,165 881,478 39, 187 1,320,073 28,526 115,800 205,206 9,735 3,466,448 20,300 2,482,903 612,777 96,321,163 $3,120 65,833 8,625 117,772 4,644 21,012 -47,826 1,709 38,491 1,807 7,046 7,046 • 2,651 5,437 3,161 31,348 444 170,776 5,550 5,575,766 $92,611 741,611 48,199 1,192,148 519,361 441,728 2,088,083 2,354,476 107,776 2,330,022 95,560 426,301 404,023 22,278 174, 108 612,158 121,587 5,793,100 35,440 5,339,263 1,897,904 130,246,809 $65,327 533,802 30,524 622,781 319,381 197,855 965,906 1,425,172 66,880 971,458 65,228 320,967 22,278 55,657 301,515 108,691 2,295,304 14,696 2,685,584 1,279,577 28,349,880 124 350 21 132 3,950 58 2,225 3,541 34 1,533 57 165 165 79 532 39 940 2,019 147 47,816 250 16 80 3,940 2,470 "i,"i66 6 175 612 "i,'765 132 40,554 100 27 182 348 6 33 27 22 230 1,134 44 45 "'si 548 723 28 400 143 143 79 127 8 254 15 6,128 246 20 296 '472 45 12,419 Jewelry 2 Jewelry and instrument cases 1 Leather,tanned,eurried,andfinished- 1 Liqijors, malt 3 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Lubricating greases 1 Lumber and timber products 1 Malt 1 jiatches 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Millinery and lace goods 11 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Musical instruments, pianos Musical instruments, piano and organ materials Paper and wood pulp Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. . Patent medicines and compounds Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Petroleum, refining Photographic apparatus Pickles, preserves, and sauces Pipes, tobacco Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified Pottery Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. 5 Saddlery and harness .8 Signs and advertising novelties 7 Smelting and refining, copper 1 Soap 2 Statuary and art goods 4 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 1 Steam packing. . ^ 2 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 19 Sugar, refining 1 Surgical appUances 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 Toys and games 2 Type founding 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Varnishes 9 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wall plaster 2 Window and door screens and weather strips 2 Wmdow shades and fixtures 2 Wirework 3 Wood preserving 1 Wooden goods,not elsewhere specified 1 $838,998 $921,126 $4,684,703 $48,604 $98,499 $447,760 $22,754,855 $757,901 $34,887,236 $11,374,480 20,207 18,304 716 6 1,181 6,552 1 20,076 122,898 22,079 17,865 309,195 16,772 10,652 8,527 345,413 11,203 35,676 133,828 5,005 3,625,514 2,205 17,136 2,380 2,634 12,936 11,175 421,442 20,415 25,744 471,431 16,818 14,303 12,001 2,101,857 17,216 19,269 201,230 7,961 19,413,993 1,659 16,345 1,527 723 20,839 14,726 573 54 59,507 653 1,934 4,957 174 634,230 49,970 696,402 65, 550 53,873 1,114,186 70,908 39,478 36,602 3,914,016 58,361 123,068 489,481 26,263 28,149,078 37,136 258,615 43,608 27,406 621,916 39,364 24,602 24,547 1,752,652 40,492 101,865 283,294 18,128 8,100,865 57 87 42 32 620 530 21 57 77 37 32 237 ""276 4,160 3,347 500 368 2,084 364 15 6,029 3,250 351 128 21,314 114 329 3,022 2,946 407,814 ^g 3 1 2,600 47,037 4,240 t^ 89,808 5,573 1,200 1,150 600 3,531 330 624 11 53 3 6 6 7 300 320 12,864 952 1,847 2,375 984 41,566 7 3 g 180,948 228,706 3,766 9,419 6,302 1,872 22 65 632 1,525 334 13 22 62 37 1,045 10 6,977 15,424 681 3 14 12 13 14 15 2,560 578,612 574,205 38,695 16,227 15,333 294 600 5,228 Mucilage and paste 1 Oil, Unseed ^.. 1 Oilcloth and linoleum' floor 1 Optical goods 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Paving materials 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Silk go ods, including throwsters 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 1 Statuary and art goods l Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Typewriters and supplies l Wallplaster i 'Same number reported tor one or more othera^Bthf*i'^p/-7 l-kii A/i'/^W©Wjft^korted throughout the year. ^ 1096 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS, INDUSTBT AND CTTY. PERSONS ENGAGED Dt THE INDCSTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm raem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. WAOl EARNERS DEC . 15, DR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. 16 and over. Under 16. Total. Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 6,301 131 966 143 10 5 148 28 120 3 5 4 Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Chewing gum Ice cream , Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops and foun* Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, including store and office fixtures. Rattan, willow, and metal Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hardware Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Jewelry Lamps and reflectors Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Perfumery and cosmetics Photo^engraving Photographic apparatus Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing , Book printingand publishing and linotype work and typesetting. . Printmg and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Printing and publishing, and job printing. Pubhshing only 10 15 9,424 6,073 3,351 9 68 19 612 370 148 94 224 1,197 35 21 23 23 174 61 2,587 232 2,355 112 270 2,072 2,035 37 116 259 18 113 978 96 47 84 33 127 87 39 641 825 777 48 1,212 907 305 29 2 142 2 177 44 133 3 ROCHESTER— All industries 1,244 63,603 | 1,013 1,748 Artificial stone products 9 109 Automobile bodies and parts 4 1 71 1 2 Automobile repairing 4 53 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 4 81 2 Baking powders and yeast 4 6 4 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 5 Boots and shoes 40 Boxes and cartons, paper 19 Brass and bronze products 7 Bread and other bakery products 136 Buttons 4 Carriages and wagons and materials . . 18 China decorating, not including that done in potteries. Cleansing and polishing preparations Clothing, men's Regular factories Contract work Clothing, men's, buttonholes Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding 157 24 15 19 15 1 6 117 105 12 18 1 108 12 96 4,103 243 21 74 111 387 11 2 1 35 25 5 5 10 127 2 15 4 169 9 160 1 26 173 172 1 10 11 1 3 13 81 3 39 10 1 227 109 2,626 233 23 6 47 1 . 147 139 291 2 2 15 2 2 1 1 34 14 218 64 164 44,113 139 47 69 2 17 6,639 822 106 684 1,076 121 4 8,585 5,r" 3,187 6 52 10 491 313 114 64 178 977 26 9 16 4 128 1, 209 1,778 93 219 1,711 1,""" 28 225 10 45 342 508 96 846 63 37 59 22 46 30 588 591 591 Fe 45, 703 Je Au Fe Je W Au Jas Jas Jy Je Fe My Jy3 Fes 122 160 63 90 2 20 6,050 856 126 697 1,183 134 Fe Fe Mh Au w 5,1 3,506 8 61 10 Oc Oc iFy Oc Ap Ja Ap Mh8 Mh Se 386 136 104 194 1,051 Mh Ap De Mh Ap Fe' Mh 13 19 5 134 46 220 1,949 147 257 Mh Mhs Oc3 Mh Ap3 De Ap Je Se Se Je Je Jy No 3 Oc Oc JyS Ap 33 100 242 55 466 645 109 913 79 50 80 24 31 67 31 645 602 No 41,001 Mh 61 Ja 100 Au3 42 Oc3 44 Mb 3 14 Ap Jy No Ja Au Ja Ja Jas 5,089 750 86 675 949 104 2 No No Oc3 De (') 3, 2,665 4 Ja 258 Ja 70 De 38 Ja 159 My 921 Se3 ApS Jy3 JyS Ap3 Ja Au Se My My Oo3 De > Fes De De De3 My Mh Ja De Jaa Ja3 Ja Ja3 No - Jy 123 29 194 1,630 74 184 De 1,606 De 18 81 215 5 43 232 475 80 782 15 47 20 24 37 29 516 Au Oos 590 4 43,839 142 45 52 3 20 5,737 851 103 687 995 118 5 5 8,671 6,285 3,386 6 40 10 639 364 199 86 167 1,004 25 7 16 5 129 46 1,925 213 1,712 146 234 1,702 1,675 27 101 217 51 232 481 80 847 29 43 31 S22 632 621 11 591 591 29, 949 140 45 41 3 19 3,201 279 102 594 546 118 3 4,124 2,893 1,231 4 1 7 306 169 51 85 166 913 23 3 129 27 1,914 213 1,701 59 59 1,610 1,583 27 213 44 224 481 76 847 31 62 22 18 12 26 432 461 451 10 518 518 13,158 2,304 §46 64 437 2 4,419 2,335 2,084 1 326 185 140 1 1 80 10 85 172 86 85 11 31 4 73 150 149 1 68 68 431 301 1127,488,559 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. - OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued . 1097 EXPENSES. • Vaaue of products. Value added by manufac- ture. * POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 14,496,006 3,928 23,680 3,600 5,534 1,500 350,787 69,402 31,619 40,629 42,258 1,500 5,886 413,574 393,833 19,741 2,180 6,592 69,401 31,876 20,825 16,700 28,545 86,138 5,800 1,934 4,500 40,198 1,300 270,490 35,325 235,166 10,800 14,180 209,998 202,966 7,0.32 5,090 30,105 1,250 29,190 106,727 6,800 103,921 6,252 3,905 5,301 3,000 44,200 7,945 6,760 48,550 81,417 78,817 2,600 177,552 89,050 88,502 $7,997,949 "Tim 16,568 3,160 13,511 602,166 32,672 5,376 87,841 212,558 1,660 2,652 853,713 840,435 13,278 6,537 548 72,079 54,853 10,226 7,000 11,324 225,951 752 4,987 19,010 4,695 1,459,590 11,300 1,448,290 2,500 42,597 260,663 259,919 744 11,988 19,514 520 3,909 23,321 95,631 4,— 55,225 2,456 5,308 3,196 2,400 46,623 32, 875 1,248 34,852 56,754 . 43,414 13,340 489,151 246,679 242,572 6,475 348 530 2,788 8,191 $26,599,508 52,473,052 65,276 92,857 28,699 35,993 1,226 10,256 3,073,878 380,140 64,757 449,773 570,732 99,177 1,649 2,042 4,625,697 3,165,745 1,459,852 2,368 12,098 4,333 213 3,350 2,028,060 1,981,939 44,121 574 116 115 9,525 4,287 150 8,420 1,160 17,110 'i7,'ii6 23,207 23,207 243,623 139,174 59,944 44, .WS 131,184 649,15' 17,672 5,898 10,000 1,862 98,263 18,371 1,'487,037 163,110 1,323,927 65,li;i 96,787 1,040,536 1,022,957 17,579 65,051 161,995 5,584 29,468 203,382 442,199 65,425 556,206 41,528 21, 112 39,893 18,695 12,244 18, 746 , 26, 172 344,049 423,803 416,533 7,270 472,883 231,024 472,883 6,250 224, 774 " Same number reported 200 200 300 1,480 950 33,074 14,274 18,800 $826,673 $1,497,252 438 2,120 4,800 3,178 856 1,108 73,544 28,589 3,011 41,736 14,636 7,010 1,114 2,046 96,324 84,654 11,670 262 1, 2,786 38,163 14,694 15,844 7,725 5,— 43,667 1,278 844 1,010 945 3,061 59,160 3,865 55,295 7,780 5,335 29,821 26,273 3,548 2,167 10,762 1,480 3,774 7,740 2,718 7,742 1,952 4,951 3,143 2,112 9,345 6,659 2,400 7,055 51,950 50, 121 1,829 25,668 12, 748 12,920 for one or 1391 36 987 75 136 34,597 5,669 1,685 8,165 8,532 1,568 30,934 26,292 4,642 10 40 14,523 3,329 10,253 941 2,106 4,860 613 275 24 70 6,335 566 53,491 2,983 50,508 632 19,334 19,210 124 1,218 4,106 4,573 698,338 1,015 17,579 79 842 1,099 1,333 3,156 1,726 1,726 11,530 9,517 2,013 more other $66,859,936 9M84 194,437 22,183 69,780 6,184 17,902 7.371,642 572,919 286,404 1,586,816 416,129 69,828 3,934 $1,669,614 3,062 3,673 2,367 973 47 198 62,596 14,667 8,954 64,045 15,933 8,662,469 8,649,881 12,588 266 36,008 90,294 843,740 394,073 271,644 178,023 200,360 725,953 6,272 14,992 3,973 9,110 3,767,803 100,230 1,511,693 204,290 1,247,403 74,715 475,999 1,163,898 1,138,828 25,070 223, 159 104,282 19,504 31,619 369, 467 919,404 28,000 1,150,199 55,884 71, 297 62,184 5,326 132, 218 135,034 10, 432 317,301 490,027 486, 776 3,251 822,333 804, 124 18,209 months, 4,9 502 117 61,375 31,920 29,455 173 242 1,649 30,079 13,446 5,337 11,296 2,764 34,032 1,6 9-16 309 36 27,391 3,994 85,737 24,347 61,390 1,627 2, 27,267 26,659 1,356 374 9,612 75,024 2,471 34,623 1,807 1,946 2,628 843 881 703 741 10,925 17,859 17,313 546 16,482 16,341 141 $140,696,682 224,601 402,938 69,073 156, 895 12,119 46,869 13,519,765 6,085,617 1,268,484 680,898 430,332 134,974 2,718,449 1,067,589 1,639,986 1,195,011 225,867 151', 103 11,332 6,896 41,490 25,440 19,760,253 11,036,409 17,873,439 9,191,638 1,886,814 1,844,771 4,200 3,771 67,842 31,592 128,834 36,891 1,897,348 879,998 618,631 398,719 475,761 2,458,936 42,851 32,274 25,100 32,467 4,351,542 176,589 6,586,267 575,33.S 6,010,929 236,958 714,441 3,468,985 3,385,887 73,098 334,844 426,433 39,164 94,878 697,881 4,279,456 136,043 2,193,560 145,707 122, 759 155,917 55,540 381,685 254, 618 59, .574 942,692 1,436,334 1,366,028 70,306 3, 152, 589 2,094,462 1,058,127 $82,167,133 126,465 204,828 44,623 86,142 5,888 28,769 1,023,529 472,479 341,650 209,400 272,647 1,898,951 34,990 16,337 20,818 23,321 666,348 72,365 4,988,837 280,701 4,702,136 160,616 235,838 2,267,820 2,220,400 47,420 110,021 316,795 19,286 62,379 318,902 3,285,028 105,572 1,008,738 88,018 49,516 91, 105 49,371 248,586 118,881 48,401 614,466 928,448 861,939 66,509 2,313,774 1,273,997 1,039,77 57, 565 2,639 763 148 667 1,267 106 1,236 996 239 2 8 37 741 300 250 191 195 1,513 43 30 7 2,637 101 3,665 344 3,321 37 40 2,517 2,442 75 72 178 7 19 775 3,171 78 3,495 196 168 80 30 29 39 16 476 736 732 4 946 945 l! 1,015 150 108 41 650 456 455 1.30 90 40 12 200 2,140 66 2,076 2,183 2,183 6' 100 725 2,530 65 2,775 100 ""40 1,201 35 230 '230 103 43 195 25 1,556 20 1,160 150 150 19,823 17,425 1 1,588 582 42 623 582 100 7 775 536 239 2 6 37 210 250 100 lis 1,313 28 232 101 1,245 269 37 40 231 216 15 15 19 35 631 23 525 70 16 156 723 4 746 745 1 987 94 25 127 127 55 106 1,241 'i,24i 1,239 1,239 159 335 499 * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1098 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTEY AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number,' 15th day ot- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. ROCHESTEB— Continued. Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat^ipacldng establishments. Stoves and hot-air furnaces Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco manufactures Tools, not elsewhere specified. Typewriters and supplies Wood, turned and carved All other industries * 11 33 13 1 3 16 3 8 268 177 4 9 19 16 9 8 2 235 143 85 263 91 5 6 3 158 6 7 8 222 48 145 20 19,787 6 1 10 133 3 23 1 27 1 25 37 69 10 15,857 685 1,960 1,152 Mh = Ap Jy Jy ApS Mh » 18 264 164 175 44 71 12 Ja No De No" 15 144 124 145 31 18 252 129 159 32 67 11 15,487 252 127 119 32 63 11 11, 156 4 '4,"i33 $42,940 809,373 283,767 273,208 60,687 678,180 21,732 68,148,041 *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 2 Artists' materials 1 Automobiles. 3 Babbitt metal and solder 1 Bags, other than paper 1 Bags, paper, not including bags made ' in paper inills 1 Beltmg, leather 3 Belting and hose, woven 2 BilUard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 2 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing 5 Boot and shoe cut stock 3 Boot and shoe findings 4 Boxes, cigar 2 Brick and tile Brooms Brushes Canning and preserving, fruits and Carpets, rag Carriages and sleds, children's Cars and general shop construction and repairs by eleotric-raUroad compames Cars and general shop construction and repau-s by steam-railroad com- Chocolate and cocoa products Cofiins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods Cooperage. . , Cordials and flavoring sirups Corsets 1 Cutlery and edge tools 3 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supphes 1 Dental goods 2 Druggists' preparations 3 Dyemg and flnlshipg textiles 1 Enameling 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied 7 Feathers and plumes 2 Fertilizers 1 Fireworks 1 Gas and electric fixtures 3 GaSjillumlnating and heating 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 1 Glass 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Haircloth i Hair work 1 Hand stamps .'. 3 Hosiery and knit goods 2 House-fumishing goods, not else- where specified l Ice, manufactured 2 Ink, writing l Instruments, professional and scien- tific 3 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails. . 1 Lasts 3 1 SCHENECTADY— All industries. . 185 8 36 5 8 3 4 9 13 7 25 67 21,264 27 201 15 58 63 34 31 178 23 72 20,562 177 445 2,198 737 17,707 Ja 20,435 De 15,422 15,548 14,105 1,405 37 1 $57,387,620 ? 12 48 6 6 4 9 4 8 31 60 15 143 9 41 54 20 21 116 16 39 17,234 Jea Se '■P Au Au8 Au Au3 Fe De» Ja3 16 146 9 66 56 33 24 124 18 40 ^Fr Jas Fe Mhs Au Ja = De3 14 139 9 20 62 9 19 109 14 38 17 162 9 42 65 20 20 104 16 43 15,060 17 144 9 42 65 20 20 98 15 37 13, 648 26,766 249,607 20,035 71,082 178,595 80,833 61,063 209,163 34,600 4.5,415 66,420,461 3 Bread and other bakery products 2 2 6 1 2 2 11 18 4 «; Confe'ctionery and ice cream 4 5 4 6 5 4 4 1 41 6 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 7 . S q Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Tobacco manufactures. . . 6 1 4 1,376 in 11 1 423 1 2,140 "iii 1 36 1 1'' All other industries * *A11 other industries embrace— Artiflcialstone products 1 Automobilebooies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 B ookbinding and blank -book making 2 Boxes, fancy and paper 2 Brooms 2 Cars and gsneral shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cleansmg and polishing preparations . 1 Clothing, men's 1 Clothing, women's 2 C opper, tin, and sheet-ircm work 4 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Foundry and machine-shop products 5 1 Owned power only. ^ Includes rented power, other than electric. \ Digitized by IVIicrosoft® • NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1099 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of ■factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! toter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1,000 26,270 25,692 11,820 6,912 64,784 1,940,810 $1,500 28,958 9,058 1,342 64,264 3,046,609 $8,683 159, 292 $1,524 1,000 6,426 $455 4,777 1,722 101,082 $2,652 91,095 126 6,704 67,276 32,468 58,996 9,632 808,779 175 618 60 86,357 2,058 8,117 1,550 161, 191 255 5,042 83 472,880 $112,409 $2,467 97,782 203,815 ■ 11,641 6,370 190,488 2,423 9,720 223,851 3,960 22,653,411 1,702 4,817 1,143 977,546 $140,466 433, 133 405,583 474,164 78,177 935,247 34, 118 12,067,282 $25,590 323,710 195,398 281,253 66,755 706,679 29,015 38,436,325 ' 69 1 58 387 278 66 332 253 16 6 26 21 34 139 18 27,465 21 24 74 18 7,213 'i2,'35i 65 10 19,836 231 185 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Lithographing 9 Millinery and lace goods 1 Mirrors, framed and unlramed 1 Mucilage and paste 2 Musicalinstruments, pianos 3 Musicalinstruments, piano and organ materials 1 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes ... 2 Oil,linseed 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Optical goods 6 Paints 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 4 Petroleum, refining 1 Photograpnlc materials , 8 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 3 Pipes, tobacco 1 Plated ware 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 4 Printing materials 1 Pulp goods 1 Pumps, not including power pumps . 2 Pumps, steam and other power 1 Refrigerators 2 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Rubbergoods.notelsewherespecifled "2 Saddlery and harness 3 Sand-lime brick 1 Saws 1 Scales and balances 1 Screws, machine 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 3 Shirts 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Silk goods, including throwsters 2 Soap 2 Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified 4 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 4 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings, and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 2 Steam packing 1 Stencils and I^rands 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 4 Surgical appliances 2 Toys and games ^.. 1 Trunks and valises 2 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Varnishes 1 Vinegar and cider 1 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers X Waste 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework, including wire rope and cable, not elsewhere specified 3 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 3 Woolen goods 1 $1,268,095 $3,364,613 $12,812,557 $28,453 $50,553 $317,384 $21,303,718 $1,217,111 $48,762,807 $26,241,978 61,.')84 34,476 25 80 27,003 29,353 1 13,494 100,359 6,420 20,316 41,044 20,333 14,679 91,360 12,142 19,881 12,472,629 2,100 5,722 360 3,813 1,600 863 2,460 10,404 300 2,604 20,427 ■ 343 3,290 252 380 1,766 407 1,018 1,122 228 8,279 300,310 7,022 387,417 3,247 88,841 164,694 22,701 30,203 78,980 100,411 29,874 20,390.428 706 14,186 378 3,314 2,048 2,041 1,140 3,701 2,320 420 1,186,857 41,376 590,255 15,886 157,250 236,546 59,994 63,194 376,335 129,497 79,002 47,014,472 33,648 188,652 12, 261 65,095 68,904 35,262 31,861 293,654 26,766 48,708 25,437,187 39 123 13 78 233 83 26 171 85 1 39 123 13 78 8 83 18 171 85 " 2,000 1,950 600 5,624 3,500 874 1,060 48,494 ■^ 4 4,421 9,000 3,945 5 225 6 2,580 7 8 S 16,190 4,251 200 10 1,200 1,231,339 692 3,301,719 11 21,422 60, 733 34,243 25 80 26,385 29,353 12 Gas,illuminating and heating 1 Liquors, malt 1 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Oil, not alsewhere specified 1 Paints 2 Patent medicines 5 Photo-engraving 1 Printing and publishing, book and j ob 9 Saddlery and harness 1 Shirts 1 Soap 1 1 SportiQg and athletic goods 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Varnishes 1 Vinegar and cider 1 Wall plaster 2 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wool shoddy 1 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1100 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKY. WAGE EABNERS DEC. 15, OB NEAREST BEPBESENTATTVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Majdmum pionth. Minimum month. CITZES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 SYRACUSE-AUindustries Artificial stone products . 742 21,085 649 698 1,500 687 17,551 Fe 18,522 De 16,095 16,866 13,349 3,334 74 109 163,820,432 9 10 8 3 4 12 87 5 12 39 19 20 14 6 7 7 10 4 7 5 11 44 8 36 10 7 14 11 6 8 24 4 53 49 4 26 4 11 11 13 3 4 4 68 5 3 3 181 65 683 34 207 174 767 375 235 1,459 1,251 208 176 32 H3 39 648 18 46 51 315 1,532 355 1,177 455 442 26 460 247 41 73 64 117 18 465 434 31. 683 520 139 24 52 61 10^ 68 359 1,709 116 8,7C0 8 6 6 1 12 88 2 17 51 27 24 18 6 4 10 9 2 8 1 7 28 4 24 14 5 10 6 8 11 3 7 14 6 59 52 7 20 ...... 9 14 4 4 74 1 4 1 124 4 33 2 13 15 10 19 ■■"26 20 4 50 3 2 66 26 7 101 101 3 11 1 3 3 41 22 2 33 33 46 •583 25 187 142 562 306 209 1,254 1,070 184 158 26 90 29 605 11 33 39 252 '1,319 324 995 395 389 16 369 207 25 60 45 45 10 328 309 19 360 265 95 Se Je3 No Fe Ja Ja Mh 62 640 34 195 169 567 335 258 Ja = Fe Ja - Au3 Oc Se Au De 33 511 16 178 114 556 263 99 47 617 22 188 164 563 295 180 1,519 1,316 203 166 37 121 28 426 11 33 39 302 1,245 263 982 410 348 15 366 197 26 53 44 41 11 340 321 19 365 269 96 47 617 20 41 162 455 158 180 624 571 53 38 15 60 27 389 31 39 156 1,203 261 942 405 50 15 ^ 357 197 26 40 44 27 8 262 243 19 335 ' 265 70 134,934 2,173,155 71,966 234,839 442,691 1,728,487 1,979,091 494,627 1,701,263 1,673,083 28,180 19,965 8,215 195,186 78,407 1,815,042 67,371 25,106 140,561 842,003 3,141,472 337,178 2,804,294 1,034,934 ' 651,221 25,551 5,190,261 466,612 131,201 94,415 81,066 244,341 26,547 784,269 732,745 61,524 1,265,038 907,249 337,239 20,550 45,776 535,623 124,668 134,095 234,659 5,331,662 7,076 346,557 31,799,682 R Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and sails . . . . ^ 2 100 2 104 110 5 3 44 6 Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other balcery products 7 4 11 16 Carriages and wagons and materials. . Clothing, men's in 883 734 149 127 22 61 36 6 2 2 2 10 9 1 1 11 Regular factories Fe 1,390 De 886 T' Contract work Se3 Mhs Oc Ap Je W No Mh De 166 36 110 30 787 11 38 50 328 Jas Je De Ja (<) Jaa De 153 18 82 28 419 11 31 29 210 14 Boys' 15 Confectionery 7 10 2 } 17 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . , 12 3 2 4 10 76 18 58 14 7 ■■"'27 20 2 7 7 17 1 26 23 3 30 16 9 6 2 8 7 1 6 20 12 i 32 55 6 49 21 24 1 51 6 2 1 28 1 23 23 209 198 9 2 1 10 2 2 7 14 54 3 51 11 17 7 6 1 2 5 13 29 27 2 64 41 15 8 19 Electroplatmg. ■jn Engines, steam, gas, and water Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops and foundries Ma^hiTlfi Rhnps, . 21 139 40 46 4 289 2 2 7 23 94 Ja Mh My Au3 ?^ Au Oc » No' Jy3 Ja Jas Au 361 1,080 420 401 15 386 212 29 63 48 48 12 De De Se De Mh Au Mh Fe Jy De3 Fes 264 919 358 351 15 355 194 21 53 42 42 8 ns, Furniture 1 ■■■■9 97 90 Liquors, malt 9 ?0 Lumber, plamng-mill products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. SO SI Mattresses H^fi spring hedp. . . 13 ?*> Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compounds. . . SS . 14 ■^"i Printing and publishing, book and job. 76 76 2 2 Ja 323 19 No 289 19 V Book printing and publishing, linotype work, and typeset- ting. and periodicals. PriTiting «Ti 1 pnhlishing , . . . ?p 29 4 25 1 so De Ja3 269 98 00 3 Au3 261 90 40 Printing, pubUshing, and job printing. PubUshing without printing 1 35 53 80 54 275 1,530 2 94 7,488 Oc3 Ap3 My De Ap 37 72 86 70 289 1,993 2 103 Ap3 De Jas Ja Se Se 34 22 75 39 264 914 2 78 37 49 79 71 294 1,140 2 77 ■ 7,101 37 49 70 17 226 1,086 1 77 5,806 1? Salt '14 Steam fittings, and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Tobacco, chewing and smoking "Tobacco, cigars 7 8 3 82 4 1 1 76 1 4 235 9 52 68 55 1 45 46 1 1 17 Typewriters and supplies ... 40 9 257 7 656 All other industries* 1,228 45 22 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 1 Automobiles *- 5 Automobile repairing 2 Babbitt metal and solder 1 Baking powders and yeast 3 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Belting, leather 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Bluing 1 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ^iag 5 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 4 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brooms 2 Brushes 1 Canning and preserving, fruits and Carpets, rag. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Chemicals China decoratmg, not including that done in potteries Clocks ~. Clothing, men's, buttonholes Clothing, women's Codee and spice, roasting and grind- 1 Owned power only. t-'/y'i'^SC/ Uy Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' 1 goods '. 3 3 Confectionery (ice cream) 2 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 4 Enameling 1 Engraving and diesinking 2 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- 2 eluding plate printing 3 Engraving, wood 1 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 1 Firearms 1 1 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 3 Flavoring e-xtracts 3 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 IVIICfQ.}S^^iiiM power, other than electric. Fur goods ,. 3 Furnishing goods, men's , 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting - 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 3 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 2 Hair work 1 Hardware 3 Hardware, saddlery , 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Hats, fur-felt 2 House-fiirnishing goods, not elsewhere specified i NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued . 1101 EXPENSES. Valueof products. Value , added by manufao- tore. POWEK. Salaries an^ wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, Including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal ' materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 81,737,309 Jl, 975, 278 $11,031,119 $238,759 $329,815 $989,579 $22,676,733 $1,074,358 $62,163,940 $28,412,840 26,109 15,163 575 95 10,276 3,897 1 4,722 85,907 4,018 16,377 48,880 31,256 74,447 8,020 53,942 557 3,154 2,949 96,596 64,045 8,330 126,158 126,158 17,246 417,032 15,292 61,658 101,009 352,382 144,497 155,143 550,439 487,434 63,005 50,197 12,808 37,911 20,451 396,525 8,331 19,507 26,470 131,060 883,034 197,647 685,387 228,228 132,607 11,276 313,899 152,687 21,352 23,300 28,440 16,596 5,241 235,014 217,129 17,885 309,.668 241,987 67,681 28£| 2,940 1,736 3,000 8,344 43,808 966 10,694 837 1,258 2,258 6,786 5,227 5,135 5,746 5,517 228 156 72 636 354 11,692 25 74 84 5,867 26,167 4,223 21,944 5,730 4,667 40 582,772 3,216 939 246 85 1,201 30 5,271 6,271 36,753 650,383 34,308 114,363 357,226 1,290,519 809,905 187,118 1,294,178 1,294,105 73 73 1,853 46,299 1,186 2,730 10,732 39,635 12,168 5,689 9,797 7,722 2,075 1,603 472 5,936 990 10,118 345 1,056 2,523 10,847 87,973 30,100 57,873 8,837 7,763 161 74,128 9,358 1,287 1,913 1,759 1,901 328 13,033 12,009 1,024 16,570 vs,mi 6,563 120,019 1,867,441 68,132 216,685 596,684 2,352,548 1,286,786 446,592 2,498,028 2,414,251 83,777 66,579 17,198 427,187 1 87,637 1,449,648 41,435 42,078 71,501 1,523,897 2,829,228 506,911 2,322,317 674,392 846,372 36,900 3,533,255 649,792 120,717 189,346 77,573 286,106 65,650 732,712 684,664 48,048 1,435,337 1,143,219 225,932 66,186 134,261 38,792 194,297 174,509 437,875 3,593,129 8,456 277,7.58 22; 732, 185 81,413 1, 171, 759 32,638 98, 592 228,726 1,022,494 464,713 253,785 1,194,053 1,112,424 81,629 64,903 16,726 125,043 41, 324 598,070 22,932 36,502 45,657 515,584 1,821,5.51 334,197 1,487,354 427,324 358,328 29,445 2,660,025 259,156 76,350 79,711 58,466 189,019 28,042 493,116 458,463 36,653 1,063,069 841,022 159,573 62,474 46,050 33,018 9jD,669 93,979 276,546 3,202,098 6,696 127,669 11,070,237 164 1,666 31 108 218 336 139 419 232 202 30 25 5 385 58 446 11 41 90 437 2,066 535 1,521 643 340 9 2,270 984 88 46 56 63 SO 30 99 60 179 121 375 30 30 9 155 1,616 1 9 156 157 18 44 175 145 30 25 6 105 62 26 11 5 2 299 752 81 671 75 16 8 1 173 13 43 63 47 1 io 2i i 1 "■■■399 239 12 227 60 "'"'656 ^ 2,370 9. 4 5 820 224 2 6 7 s 3,192 90,200 90,125 75 75 2,460 36,004 33,704 2,300 1,912 388 8,344 660 2,992 2,151 3,656 3,660 3,035 29,212 8,527 20,685 4,093 'l50 5,930 1,030 4,523 6,122 21,700 20,625 1,075 22,486 12,705 8,551 1,230 5,189 q 36, 576 36,576 27 27 10 11 I"" 11 10,840 15,574 1,000 296,208 45,323 841,460 18,158 4,520 23,321 997,466 919,704 142,614 777,090 238,231 480,281 7,294 809,102 381,278 43,080 107,722 17,348 95,186 37,280 226,563 216,192 10,371 356,698 292,190 60,796 3,712 85,360 4,352 101,469 -79,313 159,832 364,607 2,670 142,700 11, 015, 454 280 420 IS 6 16 17 17,740 1,670 2,548 6,280 35,674 180,838 47,636 133,202 55,001 17,041 17,534 451 1,230 3,656 60,196 132,333 8,351 123,982 24,575 19,632 204 75,725 11,324 • 1,888 1,876 3,204 37,549 1,820 30,007 29,441 566 163,049 140,893 16,223 5,933 t 100 420 1H 10 35 118 1,119 394 725 525 325 "■2,'26S ■ 786 6 26 53 20 165 60 105 43 20 20 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 9fi 15,283 1,600 13,783 720 30,447 1 4 25 75 3 3 10 ::::::: 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 108,497 40,869 2,935 10,766 11,670 36,302 780 43,293 39,457 3,836 69,164 53,520 9,344 6,300 1,872 4,720 11,124 1,300 6,480 91,049 21,943 7,650 250 50 11,419 10,010 1,409 39,973 120 6,856 32,998 427 420 7 523 413 110 120 120 307 300 7 523 413 no 42 42 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 10,539 8,945 1,618 76 56 6,369 25,387 25.088 52,112 21,893 156,261 1,033,934 1,080 48,288 4,850,881 2,851 1,422 2,159 1,217 1,497 26,424 90 7,389 646,494 24 172 36 38 9 1,245 1 323 11,975 24 32 21 5 7 95 1 98 5,152 640 "i,'936 . 140 15 30 1,150 7,523 6,947 2,906 192,108 500 7,373 802,243 2,849 160 3,745 2,160 • 6,951 300 630 1,800 81,346 44 45 33,071 41,394 19,539 3 2 4b 47 16,907 650,767 3,694 186,915 225 6,650 9,789 98 75 50 Ice, manufactured 2 lion and steel, steel works and rolling miUs 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel forgings 3 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 ' Labrps and reSectors 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Lithographing 1 Lookmg-glass and picture frames 2 MaitT!?.:. 1 Millinery and lace goods 2 Uinetal and soda waters 5 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts '. 1 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 1 Optical goods 2 Paints 1 Photo-engraving 2 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere spedfled 2 Pottery 3 Pumps, not including power pumps. 1 Pumps, steam and other power 2 Refrigerators 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 1 Safes and vaults 2 Sausage, not made in ^aughtering and meat-pacldng establishments 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boatbuilding 1 Shirts 2 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Stencils and brands l Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, excel, t gas and oil stoves 3 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roBiiig nulls 5 Tools, not elsewhere specified. ' 4 Toys and games Trunks and valises Type founding \. Washing machiues and clothes wring- Window and door screens. Window shades and fixtures . Wirework = Same number reported for one S©fgr^^©Qhby MlCfOSOft^ ^^'^^ ^pori^ed throughout the year. 1102 MANUFACTURES. Table 78 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INBUSTBY AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. IS, OR NEAREST REPBESENTAUTE DAT. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16, Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 364 19, .581 328 500 867 465 17,421 Mh 18,182 Au 1 15,707 17,862 8,607 9,259 70 26 $42,379,618 5 6 38 15 8 7 6 4 3 15 9 ' 16 3 5 21 5 16 8 •7 7 6 6 17 10 8 3 35 111 20 358 345 423 345 78 32 24 14 9,667 29 51 6 5 907 95 814 388 49 17 48 6 135 .366 2,846 8 249 3,588 7 3 39 10 4 6 6 4 1 4 7 18 3 5 25 9 16 8 7 12 4 15 J 9 16 3 43 79 2 16 8 26 26 1 36 13 12 1 2 6 26 12 8 i 9 333 236 362 296 66 26 20 8 8,968 18 31 2 Je» Ja No 17 350 241 De» Au Oc 3 295 230 19 301 235 456 333 123 26 22 8 8,909 19 36 2 12 156 230 374 279 95 26 12 7 2,297 18 36 2 7 142 5 78 51 27 27,001 267,304 736,223 828,776 698,723 130,053 52,215 7,343 73,979 13,100,357 66,932 58,164 5,167 2,340 2,763,321 88,098 2,665,223 4,425,554 142,885 34,136 68,864 8,005 313,127 736,693 3,788,860 6,200 137,617 ■ 14,749,666 4 4 Bread and other bakery products 3 2 1 1 1 6 Toilet". De Fe m Oo De3 Je « 331 105 26 21 8 9,576 19 40 2 Jys 285 Jy 49 W 26 Se3 19 {<) 8 Jy 8,506 Jas 17 Jas 23 ■(<) 2 (?) 7 All other 8 Q Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, men's, buttonholes CofEee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. 10 1 6,586 1 10 1 171 ".'2 3 304 1 i 1 220 3 1 9 17 13 14 15 16 17 IS Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops and foundnes Machine shops 33 4 29 46 3 48 1 47 48 3 19 ""ig 2 1 782 79 703 292 34 10 35 2 ' 102 217 2,555 5 192 3,182 843 120 723 306 35 11 32 4 101 216 2,467 6 204 3,606 841 119 722 275 35 11 32 4 94 195 608 5 184 3,054 1 1 1 Ap Ja De Se3 Oc Aus Jas Ap My Fe ^(*) Oc 133 725 306 37 14 40 4 108 239 2,862 5 202 No JyB Ap Ma Jas Aus De5 Au Au Fe 45 691 284 31 5 31 1 98 198 2,093 5 177 1 31 20 21 22 23 24 25 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. - 1 Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing andpublishing, book andjob Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Shirts 6 17 39 3 75 173 9 48 63 7 8 1,852 12 2 5 27 2^ Signs and advertising novelties 4 127 10 149 ""si 16 615 4 4 ■"3 29 * All other industries embrace- Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobile repairing 2 Bells 1 Belting, leather 2 Bookbrading and blank-book making 1 Boxes, cigar 2 Brass, bronze, and copper products . . 2 Brick and tile 4 Brooms 1 Cars and generalshopconstructionand repairs by steam-railroad companies 1 1 Owned power only. Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Cordage and twine 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Dyestuffs and extracts 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Electroplating 3 Engravmg, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Engraving, wood 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Files 1 Flour-mill smd gristmill products 2 Fur goods 3 Furniture 3 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 2 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hosiery and knit goods 4 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 3 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 2 IrMi and steel f orgings 1 Lithograpliing 1 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber and grass 1 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by Microsoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Gontmued. 1103 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. • Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. CleriSjetc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. •Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tiou en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Jl,276,994 $1,155,682 $8,767,694 $1,376,213 $336,995 $711,615 $16,886,705 $731,409 .$39,929,850 $22, 311, 736 19,483 14,796 962 1,964 1,762 3,806 1 1,660 24,410 13,084 59,452 58,152 1,300 936 3,464 41,245 21,342 18, 920 2,422 4,333 139,698 190,524 191,493 166,397 25,096 16,612 5,512 4,888 3,980,740 11, 968 28,699 2,312 1,276 13,403 11,153 4,656 4,036 520 120 984 240 27,663 980 1,723 360 473 16,240 2,491 12, 749 133,200 1,420 565 240 524 5,465 11,664 69,907 980 6,714 27, 145 11,282 209,291 731,031 ' 371, 328 313,366 57,962 13,556 944 54,700 5,649,622 66,074 34,608 2,771 153 . 643,944 41,526 602, 418 769,673 54,456 17,240 31,244 7,168 59,360 166,111 2,486,146 3,675 145,966 5,476,362 147 5,048 26,480 8,953 7,483 1,470 770 227 939 102,210 1,300 320 117 67 38,733 7,790 30, 943 63,679 3,010 1,070 695 58 2,548 9,776 37,114 133 843 427,172 24,159 468,986 1,143,743 803,630 697,986 105,544 42,973 10, 192 79,000 16,702,773 103,006 83,613 10,176 4,502 1,678,895 128, 186 1,560,709 2,764,434 106,146 46,137 76,410 21,593 253,607 631,782 4,998,588 12,084 9,-ri;348 12,730 254,647 386,232 423,249 377, 137 46,112 28,647 9,021 23,361 10,960,941 45,632 48,685 7,288 4,282 1,096,218 78,870 1,017,348 1,931,082 48,680 27,827 43,471 14,367 191,699 465,895 2,476,328 8,276 237,364 3,576,814 3 221 222 485 344 141 23 6 25 3,388 31 3 59 72 80 39 41 9 5 25 297 11 ""iu 12 12 1,289 ? 6,704 298 26,866 26,866 462 5,897 2,687 2,024 663 697 100 150 366 265 100 62 3 4 40 40 5 6 7 14 s q 1,600 471,765 4,670 345,886 604 780 548 147 51,624 663 336 10 1,037,824 2,654 6 537 14 11 I' 1,040 11 2 2 14 ^'i 72,165 1,313 70,862 166,464 5,278 68,377 936 67,441 58, 116 2,604 633,483 66,272 477,211 276,841 26,463 7,618 25,592 867 64,917 162,183 1,089,005 2,136 112,073 1,889,837 1,377 11,947 487 11,460 484,914 746 232 902 3 1,132 2,543 8,882 1,120 176 946 1,896 180 57 11 4 69 317 1.070 975 125 860 1,786 117 12 70 70 45 20 20 65 30 25 65 63 25 6 2 59 86 103 510 ""sib 232 140 26 16 17 1,377 18 19 ''0 1,700 20 6 2 ■"I 416 00 01 15,300 49,957 82,958 7,631 90, W6 303,390 6,242 5.458 242,993 ?4 160 930 71 37 25 26 07 4,558 307,403 9,032 196,596 25,316 112,585 10,362 2 735 "i,'484 OR 46,761 7,638 144 1,845 29 Mattresses and spring beds 5 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 3 Mucuage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, notspeafled 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Paper and wood pulp 3 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Saddlery and harness 6 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-pacldiig establishments 2 Scales and balances 1 Slaughtering ahd meat packing 2 Soda-water apparatus 1 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Stamped and enameled ware, not else- where specified 1 Stencilsand brands 1 Stereotyping and eleotrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, excep.t gas and oil stoves 2 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Varnishes 1 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Waste : 2 Wirework 4 Wood, turned and carved 2 < Same number reported throughout the year. ' No wage earners reported. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1104 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. PERSONS ENGAGED Df THE INDUSTBY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, loth day of— Maximum month. Minimum month. "WAGE EARNERS DEC. IB, OB NEABEST KEPRESENTATTVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES or 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES-Oontinued. UTIC A — All industries. . Ai cificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products- Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, men's Regular factories Contract work Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Gas and electric fixtures Hosiery and knit goods Liquors, malt Lumber, planlug-mill products, not includmg planing mills cormeoted with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishiag without printiiw Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rollljag mills. Tobacco, ci?ars and cigarettes All other industries * 306 14,; 30 323 21 238 62 1,436 1,358 78 11 51 348 71 5,115 283 178 143 449 382 68 135 5,140 2 133 777 127 127 121 115 3 4 279 4 2 53 4 5 12,714 Ap 13,344 25 282 8 150 50 1,217 1,146 71 7 44 208 315 56 4,908 207 135 105 281 236 45 90 4,574 Au My Ja3 Au» 33 156 55 Fe P Se» My Ap3 Te Mh Mh Au Jy3 Jy3 Ja3 1,257 77 9 51 213 397 89 5,466 224 143 19 109 Ap De3 255 50 Je Se (*) No 12,002 Ja 3 12 De 160 Oo 6 Fe 3 144 De No My 3 Jy No Des Au Au Mh Fe Ja Se3 Jy 1,009 66 6 35 193 272 30 4,370 194 128 99 Fe Fe3 187 43 Fe3 Mh (') 12,634 27 275 152 42 273 54 1,903 206 136 103 301 253 48 12 100 4,564 7,437 27 259 8 128 42 685 648 37 7 15 52 1,796 206 136 86 224 183 41 12 95 3,143 4,962 23 481 451 30 26 2 2 2,998 IS 1 1,392 17 84 130,761,787 58,659 606,687 24,457 344,986 58,890 1,843,011 1,832,411 10,600 21,116 80,034 615,794 790,016 227,703 8,380,312 2,485,632 803,615 82,647 39,000 222,680 499,122 401,659 95,963 1,500 7,187 116,779 13,553,469 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements Artificial limbs Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Baking powders Belting, leather Boot and shoe findings Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Brick and tile — Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 1 Clothmg, women's 2 Confectionery and ice cream 4 Cordage and twine , 1 Cotton goods 3 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and api- arists' supplies 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Emery and other abrasive wheels 1 Engraving and diesinking. 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Engraving, wood 1 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 Flags and banners 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Flour-mill and gristmill products. ... S Fur goods 4 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting.' 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Hardware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool , r. 2 House-fumlshing goods, not elsewhere specified 2 TOSKERS— All industries.. Automobile repairing Bread and other bakery products- . Carriages, wagons, and repairs Copper, tm, and sheet-iron work Icecream.. Marble and stone work . Min(M:al and soda waters. .' Prmtuig and publislung, book and job. Printing and pubhshing, newspapers and periodicals. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco manufactures All other industries * .■ 186 14,172 12 161 21 82 23 24 25 80 142 20 29 13,553 174 165 145 984 165 12,650 6 117| 13 It 10, 12,266 Jy 12,990 My 3 Se Ap3 Je lly Je3 Ap Je Jy3 W 7 121 14 64 20 21 23 17 111 22 10 No 11,964 12,303 8, Ja3 Fe3 Fe Ja3 De De3 Jy3 Ja Fes 5 112 12 51 10 11 17 14 93 13 10 6 119 13 56 15 16 18 16 96 17 10 11,921 6 111 13 56 11 16 17 13 87 17 10 7,682 4,261 4,237 $69,409,115 6,221 140,563 51,470 122,695 28,150 78,737 34,723 261,700 304,676 64,549 21,784 58,294,847 * All other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bookbinding and blank -book making 1 Brooms 2 Carpets and rugs, other than rag 1 Carriacce and wagon materials 1 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 4 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 1 Corsets '. 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Electrical machinery," apparatus, and supplies '. 2 Fertflizers 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Foundry and machine-shop products. 7 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illumiuating and heating..; 1 Glass, cuttiQg, staining, and orna- ment ing 1 Hand stamps . 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified l Ice, manufactured '. 1 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1105 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- llsh- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent ol factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. t900,564 1939,227 $6,544,709 $100,506 $141,366 $652,465 $16,234,213 $618,590 $30; 490, 235 $13,637,432 25,044 19,073 188 30 5,753 6,323 1 1,300 48,864 ' 900 5,910 2,080 84,921 84,921 624 14,642 2,400 15,882 650 182,390 182,390 16,466 196,739 6,390 100,353 31,763 607,405 582,402 25,003 4,842 16,546 137,536 169,424 37,342 2,144,980 199,104 104,402 13,619 11,184 62,923 163,072 150,983 12,089 271 1,000 110 8,223 1,070 8,329 801 33,210 32,442 768 889 1,380 2,938 240 1,630 19,194 162 3,343 119 2,707 590 12,202 12, 131 71 268 702 5,705 8,416 824 64,969 332,129 5,896 230 371 996 7,269 7,037 232 21,919 478,775 17,270 367^095 25,037 1,260,554 1,260,504 50 7,525 55,880 222,602 377,040 38,759 5,412,618 876,927 432,034 46,043 22,722 86,688 147,889 137,162 9,631 1,196 12,360 65,260 6,261,226 1,328 8,285 1,194 16,222 1,878 14,463 13,312 1,161 207 2,148 9,193 15,516 3,190 121,931 28,881 7,454 1,598 1,076 2,837 8,480 7,258 1,222 52,594 909,654 40,971 644,174 77,006 2,655,802 2,621,643 34,159 15,900 84,472 499,508 742,645 107, 251 9,475,541 1,934,642 680,243 84,106 43,844 220,993 760,697 638,079 77,280 45,338 29,025 188,903 11,242,2^ 29,347 422,594 22,607 260,867 50,090 1,380,785 1,347,827 32,958 8,168 ?6,444 267, 713 350,089 65,302 3,940,992 • 1,029,834 240,755 37,465 20,046 131,468 604,328 493,669 66,627 44,142 16,252 122,622 4,609,774j 38 346 45 118 64 412 396 16 60 8 30 285 45 114 61 137 121 16 87 87 2 4 276 275 4 3 •; 131 61,674 61,674 6 7 8 9 1,080 220 27,200 19,510 5,595 136,414 65,414 17,503 2,191 360 11,721 102,396 96,670 2,932 2,794 160 10 3,548 34,731 26,100 7,913 234,802 60,273 35,440 73 287 505 93 6,298 1,236 667 146 14 115 383 320 63 66 70 437 76 4,670 1,119 600 7 139 68 18 1,698 117 67 146 7 80 285 222 63 S 20 365 "2' 025 200 30 11 1,066 78 12 13 14 4,732 6,946 30 15 16 3,200 636 17 5,666 18 35 16 16 7 W 5,380 48,447 38,228 ■ 3,319 6,900 2,400 16,552 6,902 3,962 828 2,552 572 869 4,519 44,374 20 82 82 21 22 ?1 16,552 94 6,676 54,524 2,461,421 ,44 18,414 187,110 413 1,031 371,265 18 2 14,196 18 2 2,439 ''3,'59i 'jj 2,436 297,529 2,607 330,428 '6 9,528 11,750 6 27 Jewelry 1 Labels and tags 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Mattresses and spring beds 4 Millinery and lace goods 2 Mucilageand paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, organs 2 Paper and wood pulp 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engraving 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Regalia and society badges and emblems 1 Roofing materials 1 Saddlery and harness ■. 2 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves 3 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods , 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified ,. . 1 Trunks and valises '. 1 Wall plaster 2 Washing machines and clothes wringers : 1 Wirework 1 Wooden goods, not elsewherespedfled 1 $626,008 $1,116,782 $6,454,787 $129, 172 $69,554 $213, 748 $61,282,068 $826, 288 $67,222,673 $15,114,317 20,329 17,267 216 2,846 2,631 I 1,200 960 4,160 1,600 400 940 5,908 88,604 9,932 41,800 6,001 9,616 10,707 9,232 100,240 13,364 6,276 6,153,107 1,430 9,984 360 1,932 6,190 1,332 890 2,628 8,066 732 2,468 34,652 2 1,384 466 1,050 210 669 30 1 1,435 407 2,101 206,993 5,799 249, 136 6,357 49, 362 63,354 26,528 20,880 10,317 57,606 30,182 11,051 50,762,496 364 12, 127 548 587 975 149 439 629 4,804 573 292 804,811 19,699 489,373 31, 122 118,044 91,016 67,236 41,082 266,753 303,324 65,624 30,083 65,709,317 13,646 228, 110 25,217 68,096 26,687 40,559 19,763 245,807 240,914 34,869 18,740 14,152,010 10 45 16 14 26 3 18 11 107 23 4 6 46 24 :! 6 96 5 n •^ 4 10 2 I 4,628 5 6 7 1,300 676 12 3 6 11 12 8 9 21,000 16,500 27,774 31,576 126,383 2,544 6 11 12 579,388 1,050,788 245 20,057 17,249 i65 2,643 2,531 13 Instruments, professional and scien- tific .....^. 1 Liquors, malt 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Lumber and planlng-miU products, not including planing mills con- nected with sawmills 3 82101°— 18- Mattresses and spring beds 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Musical mstruments, organs 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Photo-engraving i Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Regalia and society badges and emblems i Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Shipbuilding, wooden 1 Silk goods 1 Sugar, refining 2 Surgical appliances " 2 Toys and games i Wirework i ' Same number reported for one or more other months. -70 * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1106 MANUFACTURES. Table 78.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITT. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUS-yRT. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala^ ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Aver- num- ber. Wage earners. Number, lotb day of — Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEO. IS, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Capital. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Amsterdam Auburn, Batavia. BSAOOH COHOES. CoBNDrc. CORTI.AND DUNIUKK. Elhira. Fdxion CrENXVA. fiLENS Falls GUOVERSVILLE HOBNELL. Hudson Ithaca Jamestown johnbiown IQhgston T.tTTT.TP. Falls LOCKFORT.. MIDDI.BTOWN MouHT Vernon New Rochelle Newbusgh — NiACABA Falls North Tonawanda Ogdensburg Olean Oheonta OsaraiNc Oswego Peeeskill. Flatesburg. PoKT Chester foughkeepsie Rensselaer Bomb.. Saratoga Strings... Wateetown Watervliet White Plains 117 11,373 120 160 260 79 10,774 123 6,627 119 210 340 189 5,769 57 2,833 53 73 187 63 2,457 41 2,033 36 35 125 31 1,806 106 6,179 80 149 123 46 5,781 68 2,482 63 47 122 47 2,203 59 2,762 51 93 90 59 2,459 62 3,471 43 163 223 53 2,989 145 5,789 115 175 415 214 4,870 61 3,292 25 . 87 84 64 3,042 52 1,953 37 65 93 66 1,692 82 2,933 79 74 106 142 2,532 211 6,240 244 172 310 179 5,336 46 2,486 30 81 57 33 2,285 48 1,620 44 43 73 37 1,423 74 1,102 68 52 116 51 815 162 8,948 144 SOS 474 230 7,794 126 2,963 177 89 114 51 2,532 118 3,633 128 132 170 127 3,076 49 4,080 45 78 96 38 3,823 117 2,863 100 144 140 98 2,381 77 2,309 66 82 136 36 1,989 133 1,720 130 .58 127 59 1,346 61 1,061 65 ;« 63 30 870 128 4,956 94 147 279 118 4,318 156 11,111 105 336 969 311 9,390 74 4,078 41 127 231 106 3,574 71 1,088 53 54 56 27 898 53 2,977 42 83 186 34 . 2,633 36 1,513 40 44 82 10 1,337 32 451 25 21 27 5 373 76 4,926 47 135 345 68 4,331 63 2,077 51 59 105 81 1,781 39 944 35 25 47 15 822 50 2,640 42 38 145 37 2,278 176 5,580 147 178 360 166 4,729 32 927 29 30 39 18 811 96 4,359 78 95 188 61 3,937 51 1,147 37 47 149 46 869 91 3,698 61 133 277 79 3,148 40 877 32 38 32 16 759 44 467 30 27 40 54 316 Fe Ja la Oc Mb Mb Fe Ja Mb Se Se Mb Fe My 1^ Fe Se Ja Je My Ja Ap Jy Mh Ja Ap Ap Ja De Ap Ja m£ Je Ja Ja Je 12,304 6,849 2,841 1,976 6,240 2,509 2,640 4,068 5,194 3,362 2,032 2,748 5,971 2,426 1,523 912 8,242 2,771 3,269 4,368 2,648 2,104 1,442 1,011 4,468 10,414 3,669 1,023 2,920 1,398 396 4,486 l,i 1,140 2,400 5,332 866 4,278 971 3,300 839 328 Au Au Au Jy Cos Se Je Au De De Ja De De Au Au Ap Jy No De Oc De Jy Ja De De De De No Se Au Au Se Ja De De Au Ja No Au No Se Ja 7,586 4,670 1,759 1,541 5,443 1,916 2,311 1,790 4,675 2,156 1,378 2,238 3,983 1,929 1,111 768 7,466 2,129 2,881 3,306 2,158 1,755 1,223 696 4,065 8,416 3,378 761 2, .364 1,242 341 3,801 1,532 418 2,189 4,335 781 3,493 673 2,923 698 305 11,055 5,862 5,048 65 80 5,749 4,072 1,663 6 8 2,903 2,608 387 V 1 1,844 1,168 648 9 19 6,233 3,526 2,683 V 17 2,320 1,928 390 2 2,591 2,356 2,180 2,021 411 322 3 10 4,912 4,003 896 10 4 3,052 2,015 988 34 15 2,057 1,481 563 6 7 2,624 1,314 1,206 3 2 5,779 3,384 2,362 20 13 2,344 1,550 595 lb 184 1,504 941 556 3 4 854 782 68 4 7,953 6,308 1,560 49 36 2,667 1,765 889 8 5 3,286 1,718 1,477 32 58 3,863 2,568 1,276 6 3 2,271 1,770 488 4 9 2,030 1,420 585 9 16 1,426 1,063 356 6 913 721 191 1 4,178 2,737 1,430 10 1 9,000 T,864 1,111 11 14 3,685 3,047 601 13 24 880 513 360 1 6 2,791 2,701 79 7 4 1,406 1,181 290 225 404 110 3 1 4,490 3,174 1,247 16 53 1,895 1,485 406 1 3 899 797 96 6 2,191 1,449 731 1 10 4,442 2,867 1,517 24 34 827 621 204 2 3,914 3,286 617 3 8 888 540 333 8 7 2,957 2,457 497 3 772 461 315 6 317 272 44 1 $22,645,398 23,129,442 7,847,208 3,849,014 14,649,008 4,991,945 5,576,893 9,363,094 15,758,956 12,168,000 4,773, 9,732,203 11,898,271 4,802,436 3,218,536 3,3{i9,539 20,757,809 5,021,408 6,879,584 8,524,847 10,239,260 4.793.670 2,683,600 1,761,155 11,605,980 64,221,040 12,126,163 2,195,017 13,389,289 1,461,766 2,229,358 11,774,147 3,810,386 2,677,705 6,950,247 13,935,142 2,317,926 12,716,290 3,669,627 17,264,956 1,668,719 6,069,536 1 Owned power only. 3 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NEW YORK. )R MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1107 EXPENSES. ■POWEK. Salaries and wages. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- For contract Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. tric horse- power gener- ated in Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- In- ternal Water Elec- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. work. Eent of factory. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- guies.i com- bus- tion wheels and mo- tric (rent- ed). estab- lish- ments poration income. en- gines." tors.i report- ing. ^ CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1498,961 $359,209 $4,997,623 t78,943 $32,788 $130,983 $12,751,719 $397,616 $22,474,691 $9^325,356 16,278 5,924 16 1,150 9,189 993 1 472,402 425,551 3,578,079 9,869 28,178 146,676 9,483,806 305,706 16,686,249 6,896,737 15,033 9,241 159 3,459 2,174 4,213 2 167,068 245,045 1,321,194 81,274 14,888 44,636 2,316,299 107,009 5,339,782 2,918,474 5,006 2,911 972 463 670 2,421 3 108,530 181,965 958,190 l'^ 20,938 30,746 1,663,817 78,236 3,519,574 1,777,521 3,797 2,166 60 1,259 312 865 4 351,114 150,326 2,792,016 7,289 44,056 151,773 6,241,793 328,440 11,706,461 ■ 5,138,228 18,495 5,175 794 11,402 1,124 4,783 6 164,784 143,068 1,472,700 364 12,053 25,594 1,374,039 153,579 3,954,226 2,421.608 2,621 1,644 107 3 757 465 6 192,617 160,493 1,474,358 504 19,383 19,622 3,324,507 234,125 8,437,659 2,879,027 9,226 6,997 1,315 204 710 2,255 7 343,945 284,242 2,107,946 7,133 12,361 101,897 3,841,640 222,129 8,386,787 4,302,998 7,250 6,663 532 1,065 13,703 8 353,787 547,746 2,889,386 73,113 27,221 184,253 5,721,536 265,326 12,597,024 6,610,162 9,726 6,486 171 90 3,999 1,612 9 237,482 131,067 1,736,257 2,724 11,817 113,768 6,664,330 275,444 9,571,962 3,632,188 24,690 8,150 15,376 1,165 3,171 10 136,764 156,573 1,054,219 2,920 14,427 27,178 3,193,978 90,748 5,240,962 1,956,236 2,947 1,820 157 970 318 11 135,314 149,751 1,286,064 369,822 31,045 79,473 3,323,018 218,416 6,535,019 2,993,585 19,727 3,415 69 "u,ub 2,113 1,479 12 351,087 413,322 2,576,996 667,849 45,249 38,708 7,706,705 157,972 13,384,213 5,519,536 4,790 3,030 110 1,660 208 13 147,915 70,356 ''???' ^l 188,610 7,582 55,464 2,170,851 88,797 4,847,594 2,587,^46 3,880 2,961 246 473 1,683 14 142,498 85,330 735,497 3,863 6,030 80,859 2,165,015 59,585 3,736,941 1,512,341 1,839 1,245 156 7 431 171 15 77,905 110,719 508,536 44,090 13,972 19,795 783,152 69,956 2,243,892 1,390,784 3,262 2,289 85 602 306 890 16 584,156 - 669,758 4,584,883 83,152 33,548 131,459 8,651,256 244,371 17,961,429 9,065,802 13,284 8,673 3,138 690 783 4,911 17 126,236 172,987 1,220,025 226,153 36,383 17,365 3,757,897 82,879 6,788,638 2,947,860 3,107 2,310 72 255 470 62 18 277,542 209,683 1,333,691 82,663 31,295 253,879 2,818,268 121,738 6,445,455 3,605,449 4,727 3,800 56 27 845 642 19 244,428 129,169 1,961,136 17,267 19,191 34,358 5,984,04,5 168,648 9,927,246 3,774,653 8,442 6,492 50 1,538 1,364 992 2a 355, 8iM 206,438 1,415,795 4,386 26,413 65,134 5,486,699 359,342 8,954,931 3,108,890 16,382 2,332 90 5,374 8,586 42 21 139,909 122.367 1,072,958 2,875 18,904 ,50,625 2,474,556 99,020 4,442,792 1,869,216 3,384 2,360 442 582 2,166 22 131,978 160,996 842,045 13,052 56,909 12,151 1,229,778 54,439 3,167,173 1,882,956 1,777 885 401 511 671 2a 59,237 52,307 566,869 1,325 30,626 7,864 827,609 24,962 1,736,198 883,627 781 221 148 412 24, 379,849 411,715 2,204,332 35,?97 34,699 93,684 '5,056,796 216,805 9,986,564 4,712,963 6,954 3,955 17 '"'"326 2,662 "l,W 25. ''S^S'E 1,352,923 6,164,118 60,390 95,256 399,998 22,040,362 3,384,950 44,816,698 19,391,386 139,085 1,988 13,738 7,830 115,529 1,577 25 344,769 273,130 1,956,214 10, 910 37,526 59,446 5,753,579 326,308 10,040,356 3,955,469 11,734 7,866 13 3,905 621 2T 81,317 49, 174 416, 746 15,177 16,905 25,698 2,058,479 44,500 3,401,-045 1,298,066 2,734 856 122 "'"'955 801 27 28; 159,379 206,759 1,886,353 7,697 4,298 88,901 9,662,898 392,027 11,577,282 1,522,357 8,470 3,8-M 1,337 195 1,094 2,192 29' 60,114 66,047 778,274 35,720 12,251 X 7,840 1,190,946 47,576 2,372,606 1,133,984 2,107 1,325 73 500 209 689 39 73,022 21,265 226,387 1,718 16,722 13,326 377,412 46,097 1,120,081 696,572 760 378 83 1 298 31 268,656 453,519 H)^''^l 7,820 37,534 111,138 7,830,192 227,106 12,650,096 4,692,797 10,050 6,S20 31 2,483 1,716 "2' 524 32 127,472 139,565 1,074,839 144,8*8 249,355 3,109,576 2,816,298 226,623 8,301,092 5,258,171 6,233 5,674 3 58 500 1,628 33 35,585 45,437 244,116 . 478, 687 1,071,038 8,847 18,157 12, ill 1 010 544 72 176 1 883 867 801,147 2,378,452 5 207 1 01] 195 29 3,370 631 2,311 382 350 34 35 156,211 114,806 16,284 4,252,933 111,843 6,741,228 3,144 804 491,771 547,378 2; 283, 751 39,326 f'i22 161,926 6,896,535 218,593 12,791,325 6,678,197 6,633 4,226 238 i 2,168 2,598 36 93, 172 97,140 558,058 3,770 54,255 13,317 1,365,754 56,911 2,755,418 1,332,753 1,227 763 53 40 371 410 37 323,328 249,928 2,038,247 12,256 11,314 433,844 12,131,890 331,020 16,730,078 4,267,168 12,933 9,289 193 1 3,460 2,364 38 113,425 182,832 493,928 30,400 10,587 19,491 1,353,511 61,991 2,893,451 1,477,949 1,422 810 28 686 89 39 330,994 336,512 1,835,446 15,032 63,602 68,543 4,825,083 282,536 9,284,272 4,175,653 13,458 2,858 274 "8,"44i 1,885 2,667 40 68,630 61,977 367, 784 224 3,843 8,327 780,696 24,462 1,611,601 806,343 973 715 8 20 230 1 41 43,953 62,489 218,755 8,918 22,437 17,982 304,269 53,283 990,166 632,634 472 181 1 24 1 266 12 42 * Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by Microsoft® h ^' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NORTH CAROLINA. By F. W. Chase. GEITERAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — North Carolina was Dne of the original thirteen states. With a gross area of 52,426 square nules, of which 48,740 represent land surface, it ranks twenty-seventh in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,893,- BIO, and in 1910, 2,206,287; and its estimated popu- lation in 1914 was 2,339,000. In total population North Carolina ranked sixteenth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked twentieth, with 45.3 inhabitants per square mile, the correspond- ing figiu-e for 1900 being 38.9. The lu-ban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in incorporated places having 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 318,474, or 14.4 per cent of the total, as against 9.9 per cent in 1900. There were ia the state in 1914, 10 cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000; Ash^ville, Charlotte, Durlfam, Greensboro, High' Point, MssL Bern, Raleigh, ^^ocky Mount, WHiaington, and WiKs- ton-Salem. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 8.9 per cent of the estimated total population of North Carolina, reported 34.9 per cent of the state's manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 5,419, and the electric-raUway mUeage in 1912 was 171. In addition, the transportation facilities provided by the harbors and navigable rivers of the state are important factors in the furtherance of its manufac- turing and commercial interests. The natural resources of North Carolina, which are sf great importance, have a marked influence in the 3stablishment and growth of many industries. Some df the materials used in manufacturing, such as cot- ton, cereals, tobacco, timber, phosphate rock, and kaolin, are produced in large quantities. The Appa- lachian forests, more than 5,000 square miles in extent, furnish an abundance of material for sawmills and for paper and pulp mUls. The water power of the state is used extensively in generating electric energy, which is transmitted to distances as great as 210 miles. Agriculture is the leading industry. The total value of ail farm crops m 1909 was $142,890,192, the most important products being cotton (including cot- ton seed), $50,483,345; com, $31,286,102; and tobacco, $13,847,559. The state's cotton crop of 1914 amount- ed to 930,631 equivalent 500-pound bales, or 5.8 per cent of the total for the United States. The value of merchandise exported through the North Carolina customs district during the fiscal year^ ended June 30, 1914, was $25,870,851; and of mer- chandise imported, $4,134,459. Importance and growth of manufactures. — North Carolina's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $289,411,987, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 136,844. In that year the state ranked eight- eenth in the former respect and thirteenth in the latter; the corresponding rankings in 1909 were twenty-third and twelfth. The output of manufac- tured products in North Carolina in 1914 represented 1.2 per cent of the total for the United^ States, as measured by value; the corresponding proportion for both 1909 and 1904 was 1 per cent. Table 1 gives the more important figures relative to aU classes of manufactures combined, in the state of North Carolina, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, together with the percentages of increase from census to census. rable 1 *Tumber of establishments Persons engaged Proprietbrs and firm members Salaried employees ^ Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital i iamries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work , lent and taxes (including internal revenue) lost of materials ^alue of products /^alue added by manufacture (value of products less cost of mate- rials) 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. MANUTACTUEINQ rNDUSTEIES. 1914 5,507 151,335 5,950 8,541 136,844 508,086 $253,841,808 56,282,679 10,244,232 46,038,447 1,957,489 14,088,823 169,941,971 289,411,987 119,470,016 1909 4,931 133,453 5,461 6,529 121, 473 378, 566 $217, 185, 588 41,258,172 6,903,547 " 34,354,625 1,793,937 6,392,132 121,861,530 216,666,055 94,794,525 1904 3,272 93, 142 3,731 4,072 85,339 216, 622 $141,000,639 25, 170, 765 3,795,471 21,375,294 1,680,823 8 752, 612 79,268,004 142,520,776 63,262,772 1899 II 3,465 2,894 72,322 154, 467 $68,283,006 16,446,630 2i 394, 846 14,061,784 44,854,224 85,274,483 40,419,889 PEE CENT OP INCREASE.! 1909-1914 11.7 13.4 9.2 30.8 12.6 34.2 16.9 36.4 48.4 34.0 9.1 120.4 39.6 33.6 26.0 1904-1909 60.7 43.3 46.1 60.3 42.3 74.8 54.0 63.9 81.9 60.7 13.5 53.7 62.0 49.9 1899-1904 Di crosoft® » Exclusive of internal revenue. (1109) 40.7 18.0 40.2 106.6 53.0 58.5 52.1 76.7 67.1 56.5 1110 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. It is interesting to note that the percentages of increase for North Caroliaa for the period 1909-1914 are greater in all important respects than the corre- sponding ones for the United States as a whole. The percentages of increase reported for North Carolina's wage earners, valne of products, and value added by manufacture for that period were 12.6, 33.6, and 26, respectively; whereas the corresponding percentages, for the United States as a whole, were only 6.4, 17.3, and 15.8, respectively. Thus the state's increases in wage earners and value of products were nearly twice as great, proportionally, as those for the United States as a whole; and its increase in value added by manu- facture was relatively about two-thirds greater. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three 5-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table H Num- ber of estal> lish- ments. All industries Cotton goods Tobacco manufactures Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Fertilizers Furniture Flour-mill and gristmill products Hosiery and knit goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames Printiug and publishing Carriages and wagons and materials Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Ice, manulactured ; Marble and stone work Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Bread and other bakery products Gas, illuminating and heating Coffins, burial oases, and under- takers' goods Jute goods Woolen goods Saddlery and harness Patent medicines and compounds. , . Paving materials Mattresses and spring beds Agricultural implements , All other industries CENSUS or 1914. 2,952 62 41 109 293 74 17 2 329 137 136 139 61 64 -67 66 20 14 4 5 37 26 6 29 17 470 Wage earners. Average number. 136, 844 63, 703 10,467 34,374 1,586 1,690 5,801 588 7,787 877 1,540 1,462 1,526 1,612 619 704 338 306 210 312 360 391 138 74 608 174 149 6,863 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 39.2 7.6 25.1 1.2 1.2 4.2 0.4 5.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 5.0 Value of products. Amount. $289,411,987 90,743,683 57,861,378 39,631,673 16,269,364 10,307,856 9,335,195 8,963,501 8,892,362 7, 182, 400 5,047,536 3,232,174 3,133,082 2,895, 966 1, 620, 119 1, 125, 864 980, 643 936,927 873,381 716,379 669,047 666, 541 529, 565 611, 568 486, 612 376,389 305, 108 16,627,709 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 31.4 20.0 13.7 5.3 3.6 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.6 1.1 .1.1 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 6.7 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $119, 470, 016 28,405,261 33)651,378 23,311,474 2,155,209 2,603,639 4,500,090 1,319,718 2, 482, 703 1,637,214 2,208,723 2,426,142 1,366,695 ' 1, 566, 664 1,026,306 784,117 695,087 396, 341 361,416 464,406 347,240 16,224 272, 391 196, 764 251,311 389, 897 153, 140 206,840 6, 396, 727 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 23.8 28.1 19.5 1.8 2 2 1.1 2.1 1.8 2.0 1.1 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 m 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 5.4 PEE CENT or INCKEA3E.1 Wage earners Value of products. Value added by (average number). ■■>»lic uii,'"""^""- manufacture. 1909- 1914 12 6 13.7 27.6 1.1 36.1 81.1 4.8 18.5 61.2 9.3 11.9 -10.2 2.4 0.2 63.2 -12.8 83.7 6L4 39.1 38.0 -7.8 2.2 4.8 12 9 1904^ 1909 42 3 29.9 12 5 100.2 34.4 ■2 8 7.1 -4.4 75.0 0.2 4L7 18.6 22.5 38.2 35.3 103.8 64.3 45.2 23.6 23.6 -21.0 1899- 1904 18.0 20.1 10.8 -15.0 63.7 112 6 193.6 7.9 96.9 46.9 18.6 71.6 46.0 -1.7 81.2 "66.'5 1909- 1914 33.6 24.8 60.8 18.2 79.6 63.2 18.4 5.4 72 6 72.0 29.4 -4.6 4.5 15.1 70.9 11.4 150.5 62.0 94.0 -1.2 24.1 8.0 19.4 16.4 1904- 1909 62.0 53.8 28.1 72 126.8 103.8 27.5 23.8 107.4 103.4 20.0 51.1 42 5 2.4 64.7 57.7 120.8 92 8 119.1 66.5 29.9 21.4 39.5 78.2 92.1 106.3 1899- 1904 67.1 66.? 102.8 11.7 40.0 106.9 299.6 46.0 142.8 61.7 59.1 118.4 94.0 83.3 99.5 92.1 129.9 71.5 127.7 91.7 102.6 195.6 192.9 28.3 1909- 1914 28.0 18.4 51.3 11.0 52.4 22.1 29.0 8.7 16.0 60.9 31.0 -2.4 2.7 12.0 63.7 6.1 147.5 77.3 88.6 77.9 -3.9 15.3 7.0 20.3 1904- 1909 49.9 68.? 23.6 63.0 78.3 142.1 13.4 38.3 96.5 101.8 23.7 45.7 29.2 14. £ 50.6 49.2 106. 83. 76. 61. -3. 47. 103. 1899- 1904 56.5 29.5 88.1 27.5 53.7 94.1 274.2 2.6 109.8 67.3 79.6 59.9 101.3 1029 98.1 92.7 67.3 130.6 63.4 151.2 76.5 79.7 135.2 194.7 31.0 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 32; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. . Percentages are omitted when base is less than 100, or when comparable figures can not be given. 2 Excluding statistics for one establishment to avoid disclosure of Individual opefetions. 3 Less than one-tenth oi 1 per cent. To a large extent, the manufacturing industries of the state depend upon the products of agriculture. Cotton and tobacco alone furnished the raw material for more than 50 per cent of the total value of manu- factured products in 1914, while lumber contributed more than a fourth of the remainder. Separate statistics are presented for 27 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 5 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 5 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 5 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 12 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those in- cluded under the head of "all other industries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the opfiratiorg of individual establishments, are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, as follows: Bags, other than paper; dyestuffs and extracts; paper and wood pulp; and waste. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average niunber of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Cotton goods, tobacco manufactures, and lumber and timber products, the three leading industries in regard to wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, show variations in this respect. Cotton goods ranked first in value of products and number of wage earners, but second in value added by manu- . Jacture. .Tobacco manufactures, second in value of Microsof ~ MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1111 products, was third in number of wage earners and fost in value added by manufacture. Lumber, third in value of products and value added by manufacture, was second in number of wage earners. Oil, cotton- seed, and cake, fourth ia value of products, was ninth in number of wage earners and ia value added by manufacture. FertiMzers, fifth iu value of products, was seventh in number of wage earners and fifth in value added by manufacture. Flour-mill and grist- mill products was seventh in value of products, fif- teenth in average number of wage earners, and thir- teenth in value added by manufacture. This industry consists largely in the comparatively simple process of grinding grain, requiring few employees, and the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is very smaU in comparison with the corresponding proportions for most.other industries. In rank according to value of products, there were a few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more' important industries shown in the table, cot- ton goods, tobacco manufactures, lumber and timber products, and oil, cottonseed, and cake, held the same rank at both censuses. Fertilizers, furniture, flour- mill and gristmill products, and hosiery and knit goods, ranking fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth, respectively, in 1914, were seventh, sixth, fifth, and ninth, respectively, in 1909. " For the remainder of ■the industries slight changes from census to census are noticeable. Cotton goods. — ^At the 1914 census, 293 establish- ments were reported as engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods in North Carolina. The value of the products of these establishments and the average number of wage earners employed by them repre- sented 31.4 per cent and 39.3 per cent, respectively, of the corresponding totals for all industries in the state. The value of products reported for this indus- try, $90,743,683, places North Carolina second in order of importance among the cotton manufacturing states. During the five-year period 1909-1914, the total value of products increased from $72,680,000 to $90,744,000, or by 24.8 per cent; the average number of wage earners from 47,231 to 53,703, or by 13.7 per cent, and the value added by manufacture from $23,992,000 to $28,405,000, or by 18.4 per cent. In horsepower reported, this industry led all others in the state. ToicKco manufactures. — Second in importance in the state, this industry although showing a decrease from census to census in number of establishments, shows marked increases in average number of wage earners, ainount paid in wages, cost of materials, and value pf products. During the five-year period 1909- 1914, the average nurdber of wage earners increased by 27.6 per cent and the value of products by 60.8 per cent. I/umber and timber products. — This industry, em- bracing the operations of logging ^/£W^/2©?S^bffl?fj planing miUs, and wooden-box factories, was third in importance in 1914. Its increase in average number of wage earners during the period 1909-1914 was compar- atively small, amounting to only 373, "or 1.1 per cent; but a considerable increase in value of products, from 133,525,000 in 1909 to $39,632,000 in 1914, or 18.2 per cent, is shown. The percentage of increase during the ten years from 1904 to 1914 was 103.4. Oil, cottonseed, and calce. — ^The statistics presented comprise those for all establishments reported as engaged primarily in extracting oil from cotton seed or in refining crude cottonseed oil. The remarkable growth of this industry from census to census k shown by the increases in value of products and in number of wage earners. For the three five-year periods 1899-1904, 1904-1909, and 1909-1914, the percentages of increase in value of products were 4^„ 126.8, and 79.6, respectively. These percentage^ for the last two periods were twice as great as the corre^ sponding ones for all industries combined. Further- more, the percentage of increase for 1904-1909 was greater than for any other industry in the state; and. the percentage for 1909-1914 was greater than for any other industry with products valued at more than one miUion dollars. These percentages, however, are affected somewhat by the general rise in prices, and so to some extent exaggerate the actual increase in quantity of products. The percentages of increase in wage earners, however, are also decidedly higher than for most other industries. Fertilizers. — ^This industry, measured by value of products, ranked seventh in 1 909, but took fifth place in 1914. The growth of the cottonseed-oil industiy and the utilization of phosphate rock have resulted in a marked increase in the manufacture of fertilizers. The 41 estabMshments reported in 1914 gave employ- ment to an average of 1,690 wage earners and manu- factured products valued at $10,308,000; the per- centages of increases over the 1909 figures being 81.1 and 63.2, respectively. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, and the average number of wage earners distributed by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms" at the beginning of this report. In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 151,335, of whom 136,844, or ninertenths, were wage earners; 9,968 were . proprietors and offi- cials; and 4,523 were clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 99,468, or four-fifths, were males, and 26,781, or one-fifth, were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual indusr MGf?3®S#@ound in Table 33. 1112 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTOBING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUrACTTJEIHO INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. All nl!ij;<;n.q 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 151,335 133,453 118,974 105, 175 32,361 28,278 78.6 78.8 21.4 21.2 Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number). . . 16 years of age and over . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,523 3,043 136,844 121,473 3,682 2,513 105,414 93,787 841 530 31,430 27,686 81.4 82.6 77.0 77.2 18.6 17.4 9,968 8,937 9,878 8,875 90 62 99.1 99.3 0.9 0.7 23.0 22.8 Proprietors and flim members . . Salaried ofllcers of corporations . . Snperintendents and managers . . 5,950 5,451 1,637 1,460 2,381 2,026 5,889 5,395 1,613 1,456 2,376 2,024 61 66 24 4 5 2 99.0 99.0 98.5 99.7 99.8 99.9 1.0 1.0 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 126, 249 107, 775 10,595 13,698 99,468 86,082 5,946 7,705 26,781 21,693 4,649 5,993 78.8 79.9 66.1 66.2 21.2 20.1 43.9 43.8 Under 16 years of age Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of wage earners under 16 years of age, in which group a decrease of 22.6 per cent took place. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 48.6, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 83.4 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing indust^es in the state in 1914 and 80.7 in 1909. Table 4 All classes . Fromietors and ofRcials .' Proprietors and firm members Sallied officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years, ofage and over * Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUPACTCRINO INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 13.4 11.5 9.2 12.1 17.5 48.6 12.6 17.1 -22.6 Male. 13.1 11.3 9.2 10.8 17.4 46.5 12.4 15.6 -22.8 Female. 14.4 58.7 13.5 23.5 -22.4 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 6.6 3.9 1.1 1.6 3.0 90.4 83.4 7.0 100.0 6.7 4.1 1.1 1.5 91.0 80.8 10.3 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 4.9 1.4 2.0 3.1 88.6 83.6 5.0 100.0 8.4 5.1 l.,4 1.9 89.2 81.8 7.3 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 2.6 97.1 82.8 14.4 2 0.2 1.9 97.9 76.7 21.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Percentages are omitted when base is less than 100. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 5 shows, for the three principal classes of per- sons engaged in manufactures, the numbers and the per cent distribution for 1914, 1909, and 1904, to- gether with the percentages of increase for the two five-year periods. Each of the three classes shown in this table as well as the total for all classes combined show increases for both five-year periods; but the increases, both abso- lute and relative, are much greater for the earher than for the later period. Table 5 Total. Proprietors and firm mem- bers Salaried empolyees Wagfe earners (average number) PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number. 151,335 5,950 8,541 136, 844 1909 133, 453 5,451 6,529 121,473 1904 i3, 142 3,731 4,072 85,339 Per cent distribution. 1914 100.0 3.9 5.6 1909 100.0 100.0 4.1 4.9 1904 4.0 4.4 ^k/dtMSGli Per cent of increase. 1909- 1914 13.4 9.2 30.8 1904- 1909 43.3 46.1 60.3 Table 6 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all in- dustries combined and for 1914 and 1909, for im- portant industries separately, the average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over has been greater at each successive census, while the proportion of fe- males decreased between 1904 and 1909 but increased somewhat during the next five-year period. The ac- tual number of females employed, however, has in- creased from census to census. The proportion of children imder 16 employed as wage earners has de- creased from census to census, although this class in- creased in actual number between 1904 and 1909. Of the- 16 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 10 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of males and 11 an increase in pro- ^^^jp^jjg^^^males, while in only one-==marble and stone work — ^was there an increase in proportion of MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1113 children imder 16 years of age. There were, however, only 14 children employed in this industry in 1914 and 8 in 1909. Hosijery and knit goods is the only indus- try in which the combined proportion of women and children employed as wage earners is greater than that of men. In this industry children under 16 years of age formed 27.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners in 1909, but by 1914 the proportion had fallen to 16.8 per cent. The wage earners xmder 16 years of age, in North Carolina, are employed prin- cipally in the hosiery and knit goods, cotton goods, and tobacco manufactures industries, which together employ about nine-tenths of aU the wage earners in this age period. Table 6 All industries . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Cotton goods Fertilizeis Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age number.' 136,844 121, 473 85,339 1,612 1,608 1,462 1,629 ^ 2, 668 53, 703 47,231 588 496 1,626 1,490 6,801 5,533; Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 72.7 70.9 64.9 97.0 92.5 98.6 95.2 99.1 99.6 55.3 51.1 100.0 100.0 99.8 98.0 93.9 92.4 Fe- male. 19.6 17.9 21.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 Un- der 16 years of age. 7.7 11.3 13.6 3.0 7.5 0.9 0.4 0.5 4.4 0.9 0.2 ■'6.'2 31.4 30.0 13.3 18.9 "0.6 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.9 5.9 7.6 INDU3TET. Hosiery arid knit goods Ice, manu^tured Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures AU other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAENEE3. Aver- age number. 7,787 5,151 519 31S 877 832 34,374 34,001 704 807 1,686 1,165 1,640 1,376 10,467 9,802 8,132 Per cent of total. 16 years, of age and over. Male. 30.8 22.5 99.5 99.5 98.9 98.6 99.4 97.9 76.9 79.0 57. S 54.1 76.2 62.2 Fe- male. 52.4 49.7 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 15.3 12.1 33.1 28.8 20.3 29.2 Un- der 16 years of 16.8 27.7 0.4 1.9 0.1 0.5 0.8 1.3 1.8 0.7 0.5 2.1 7.8 8.9 9.4 17.1 ' For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." ^ Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Census year. AVERAGE NtTMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN— SEX AND AGE. . Asheville. Charlotte. Durham. Greens- boro. High Point. New Bern. Raleigh. Kocky Mount. Wilming- ton. Winston- Salem. Total.... 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909- 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 951 1978 792 3,799 4,199 2,234 4,764 13,699 1,229 952 1,098 3,582 848 1,051 1,023 585 1,454 1,721 1,213 1,694 9 634 2 71636 16 years of age and over: Male...: 764 1712 550 169 217 118 18 1^ 2,772 2,930 1,312 781 956 649 246 313 273 2,546 11,751 799 602 1751 318 271 273 112 79 74 2,585 829 789 655 602 236 273 74 26 96 9 1,313 1,548 1,096 11,414 154 77 150 19 40 130 4 248 i,6i4 1,080 688 5 i28 3,227 2 206 Under 16 years of age 604 868 309 14 13 864 1 182 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 80.8 72.8 69.4 17.8 22.2 14.9 1.9 5.0 15.7 73.0 69.8 58.7 20.6 22.8 29.1 6.5 7.4 12.2 53.4 47.3 65.0 63.2 68.4 25.9 28.5 24.9 9.1 8.3 6.7 72.2 97.8 75.1 64.0 85.8 22.4 26.7 12.6 2.5 9.3 1.5 90.3 89.9 90.4 88.7 9.0 6.3 9.4 1.1 3.3 1.9 57 5 55 6 Female. 33.9 29.2 19.2 0.6 8.8 33.5 28 9 12.7 23.5 8.6 1.6 0.9 9.0 15 5 } Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those estabUshments located within the corporate Umits of the city. ' Figures represent a consolidation of Winston and Salem. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® llli MANUFACTURES^NORTH CAROLINA. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. As might be expected, the proportion of male wage ■earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city, the only cities in which the proportion of adult males in 1914 fell below 65 per cent being Durham and Winston-Salem; and in each of these places it increased between 1909 Eind 1914. The percentages for all cities combined were 67.1 for men, 25.2 for women, and 7.7 for children. The 4 cities for which per cents are given show marked de- creases from census to census in both numbers and proportions of wage earners under 16 years of age. Wilmington is the only city which shows a decrease from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over. This decrease, how- ever, is very slight. The female wage earners in Wil- mington represent only a small proportion of the total — 9 per cent in 1914, as against 6.3 per cent in 1909. In Winston-Salem, by far the most important city of the state in respect to number of wage earners em- ployed, the percentage of males 16 years of age and over increased from 55.6 in 1909 to 57.5 in 1914, and during the same period the percentage of adult fe- males rose from 28.9 to 33.5, while that of children employed as wage earners decreased from 15.5 to 9. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 41.9, is shown for Wilmington; the next highest, 29.1, for •Greensboro; and the third highest, 28.8, for Durham. Table 8 JVsheville. Charlotte. Durham Greensboro. Ealeigh Wilmington. Winston-Salem. TEH CENT OF INCREASE • IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Period. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 Total. 20.0 -2.8 23.5 70.0 -9.5 88.0 11.9 29.1 -13.3 79.6 2.7 74.9 8.0 41.9 -23.9 16 years of age and over. Male. Female. 38.9 7.3 29.4 111.3 -5.4 123.3 6.4 32.7 -19.8 57.2 20.4 30.5 9.5 41.2 -22.5 30.5 43.2 -22.1 83.9 20.3 -18.3 47.3 16.5 17.3 -0.7 218.9 -13.6 268.9 2.7 100.0 -48.7 46.3 Under 16 years of age. -60.5 -9.9 -21.4 14.6 -26.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Percentages are omitted when base is less than 100. Wage earners employed, by months. — Table 9 shows, for aU industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January February... March April May June July August September. , October...:. November.. December. . WAGE EAKNEKS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 138, 138' 141 140: 139' 137; 136 135; 134 133; 133; 132, 1,553 731 491 511 1,150 ,182 775 i;oio 465 804 545 911 1909 117, 118, 120, 120, 118, 117, 118, 120, 123, 126, 127, 128, 1904 82,610 84, 597 87, 106 87,546 86,828 85, 717 82,928 81,683 85,955 87, 156 86,876 85,066 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 97.9 98.0 100.0 99.3 98.3 97.0 96.7 95.4 95.0 94.6 94.4 93.9 90.9 92.0 93.5 93.2 92.0 91.4 92.4 93.5 95.9 98.1 99.2 100.0 94.4 96.6 99.5 100.0 99.2 97.9 94.7 93.3 99.2 97.2 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. For 1914 the spring months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for March and the minimum for December. The year 1909 shows a very different condition, the maximum month being December and the minimum January, while in 1904 the maximum was April and the mini- mum August. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 11,747, or 9.1 per cent of the maximum, in 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected indus- tries, and for the total industries of each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Of the selected industries, oil, cotton seed, and cake, an industry ranking fourth in the state, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in July being but 19.4 per cent of the number in February. This industry, however, together with brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products and fer- tilizers, being a seasonal one, the fluctuation is natural. The least fluctuation is shown for flour mill and grist- mill products, for which industry the proportion which the minimum formed of the maximum was 98.1 per cent. Of the 10 cities. New Bern shows the greatest fluc- tuation, the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being only 61.1. For no other city was the corresponding percentage less than 78. The smallest degree of fluctuation appears for Rocky Mount, for which the percentage was 95.7; and for three other cities — Durham, Winston-Salem, and Charlotte — it was more than 90. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1115 Table 10 INDUSTBT AND CITY. All industries - Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages and wagons and materials . . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies •Cotton goods Fertilizers Tlour-mill and gristmill ptoducts Toundry and machine-shop products rumiture Bosiery and knit goods Jce, manufactured leather, taimed, curried, and fin- ished Xumber and timber products Garble and stone work ■Oil, cottonseed, and cake.. Printing and publishing. . . Tobacco manufactures _A.11 other industries Total for cities . ■WAGE EARITEES: 1914. [The month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum employment by italic figures.] Aver- age number em- ployed during year. AShkville 'chaeiotte. .. DUEHAM •Geeensboeo . BiGH Point.. "New Been Baleigh EocKT Mount. . ITlLMINGTON "WBtstoN-Salem . 1,612 1,462 2,806 53, 703 1,690 688 1,526 6,801 7,787 519 877 34,374 704 1,686 1,540 10,467 9,802 29,033 951 3,799 4,764 1,229 3,582 848 1,061 1,464 1,721 9,634 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 138, 553 .827 1,665 2,818 54,680 1,536 686 1,562 6,407 7,863 Sir 797 34,701 SIS 2,443 1,514 10,517 9,902 29,687 85S "3,996 4,773 1,230 3,792 937 1,094 1,474 1,828 9,710 Feb- ruary. 138,731 909 1,609 2,844 64,402 1,822 587 1,591 6,330 7,912 324 781 34,441 727 2,461 i.soe 10,479 9,943 4,021 4,674 1,221 3,823 1,012 1,126 1,482 1,870 9,712 March. 1,228 1,658 2,883 54,388 3,062 689 1,609 6,331 8,095 340 844 35,326 763 2,152 1,623 10,542 10, 158 30,066 916 1,298 3,862 1,131 1,472 1,978 9,676 April. 140,511 1,967 1,643 2,964 54,440 3,081 686 1,601 6,183 8,056 414 929 34,809 726 1,492 1,514 10,275 10, 141 29,691 977 3,860 4,643 1,291 3,816 1,057 1,064 1,480 1,756 9,647 May. 139, 160 2,237 1,641 2,830 64,268 1,929 581 1,598 6,013 8,021 627 954 ■34,709 755 916 1,535 10,526 10,011 29,364 965- 3,699 4,764 1,398 3,762 832 1,046 1,464 1,665 9,810 June. 137, 182 2,299 1,653 2,805 53,842 1,236 585 1,696 5,936 7,951 731 991 34,422 732 533 1,533 10,579 9,758 29,250 1,007 ■ 3, 699 4,716 1,289 3,750 825 1,075 1,422 1,656 9,813 July. 136, 775 2,270 1,699 2,936 53,695 1,0S0 591 1,596 5,917 7,766 859 1,006 34,625 777 1,533 10,694 29,076 1,020 3,676 4,710 1,258 3,619 1,046 1,420 1,666 9,722 August. 136,010 2,159 1,701 2,865 62, 743 1,150 1,582 6,925 7,709 729 968 33,856 771 602 1,526 10,476 9,760 .28,609 1,025 3,738 4,648 1,232 3,647 679 1,028 1,419 1,687 9,606 Sep- tember. 134,466 2,001 1,237 2,833 61,451 1,243 592 1,522 5,589 7,749 637 864 33,678 722 1,127 1,634 10,757 9,939 28,806 1,000 3,712 4,920 1,216 3,428 1,007 1,436 1,680 9,762 Octo- ber. 133, 804 1,526 1,174 2,645 52,969 1,451 591 1,360 5,202 7,S76 513 820 34,347 716 2,118 1,685 10,161 9,360 28,285 988 3,785 4,868 1,148 3,338 834 1,012 1,469 1,674 9,189 Novem- ber. 133, 545 1,115 1,104 s,ew 53,141 1,378 1,346 4,938 7,445 376 799 34,053 678 2,397 1,589 10, 361 9,616 28,247 920 3,741 4,879 1,144 3,202 840 988 1;463 1,688 9,482 Decem- ber. 132,911 2,629 53,357 1,362 590 1,349 4,841 7,602 361 781 33,922 563 2,410 1,689 10, 337 9,442 27,622 877 3,705 4,715 1,064 S,OBB 667 998 1,467 1,605 9,479 ^ Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 35.5 56.4 88.4 95.9 33.4 98.1 83.7 75.6 36.9 77.6 95.3 66.7 19.4 94.8 94.5 92.0 91.9 83.2 91.4 94.4 78.4 79.1 61.1 87.4 96.7 80.3 Prevailing hours of labor. — Table 11 presents, for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, a classifica^ tion of wage earners according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in "which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for aU industries combined in ■each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphasize the tendency "toward a shortening of. the working day of wage earn- ers. In 1909, 52,647, or more than two-fifths of the total average number of wage earners for aU indus- tries combined, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were more than 60 per week, whereas 9,877, or only about one-four- teenth, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners whose working hours "were 60 jter week increased from 47,974, or 39.5 per ■cent of the total for the state, in 1909 to 100,236, or 73.2 per cent of the total, in 1914; and during the five- year period there was a marked increase in the pro- portion in each of the four classes working fewer than 60 hours per week. Among the separate industries cotton goods shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 16 per cent of the wage earners were employed in establishments where the hours were 60 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion had increased to 99.6 per cent. A change in the same direction wiU also be noted in the case of hosiery and knit goods. In 1914, for all industries combined and for most of them separately, the majority of tKe wage earners were employed in estabhshments in which the pre- vailing hours of labor were 60 per week. There were, however, a few notable exceptions. In tobacco manu- factures nearly all the employees — 95.6 per cent — were reported by estabhshments with prevailing hours between 54 and 60 per week; in cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies considerably more than haM were reported by estab- hshments where the prevailing hours were 54 per week, and nearly all the remainder by establishments with prevaihng hours between 60 and 72; in printing and pubhshing the prevailing hours for nearly half of the employees were 48 and under, and more than half the remainder were estabhshments reporting 54 hours. Digitized by Microsoft® 1116 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. In the cottonseed-oil industry aU wage earners were employed in establishments operating 60 hours and over per week; and in the manufacture of ice such establishments gave employment to 97.1 per cent of the wage earners reported for the industry. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 29,033, for the 10 cities in 1914, 26,849, or 92.5 per cent, were in estabhshments where the pre- vaUing hours were 60 or fewer per week, while only 2,184 were in establishments in which the hours were more than 6(f per week. In Winston-Salem the proportion of wage earners in establishments in which the prevailing hours were more than 54 but less than 60 per week was nearly four-fifths — ^much greater than in any other city. The largest proportion in the 60-hour group — nearly three-fourths — is shown by Charlotte; and the largest in establishments with prevailing hours between 60 and 72 — nearly 70 per cent — appears for Rocky Mount, On the other hand, by far the greatest proportion in establishments reporting their prevailing hours as 48 and under — 22 per cent — is found for Raleigh. Table 11 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop constructions and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cotton goods ' Fertilizers '. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manulactured .' Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total (or cities AsHEvniE Charlotte Durham Greensboro High Point Ne w B ern Raleigh Rocky Mount Wilmington Winston-Salem Census year. 19U 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. Total. 136,844 121,473 1,612 1,608 1,462 1,629 2,806 2,568 53,703 47,231 588 496 1,526 1,490 5,801 5,533 7,787 6,151 519 318 877 832 34,374 34,001 704 807 1,686 1,166 1,540 1,376 10,467 8,203 9,802 8,132 29,033 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. 951 3,799 4,764 1,229 3,582 848 1,061 1,454 1,721 9,634 2,361 1,648 162 3 635 733 505 118 720 527 238 142 812 Between 48 and 54. 2,578 1,447 113 86 4 121 429 1 1,675 729 5 319 161 43 480 76 81 61 77 81 11 232 4 109 80 31 40 19 5 349 54. 3,948 3,741 1,670 2,389 324 118 170 168 223 257 135 220 420 308 779 209 1,656 Between 54 and 60. 12,844 14,016 464 288 410 252 52 501 70 195 234 502 802 683 689 15 139 3,245 2,645 15 74 90 .137 10,007 7,628 1,555 1,119 10,938 62 413 57 322 112 214 67 10 345 54 99 170 2,201 114 513 6 188 7,614 60. 100,236 47,974 870 1,138 989 1,306 61 58 53,491 7,499 983 686 307 955 1,123 4,538 4,559 7,080 2,524 140 71 738 820 23,410 22,838 44 76 77 43 231 297 363 446 5,867 4,183 12,963 Between 60 and 72. 7,429 49,834 1,067 212 9,680 101 36 114 117 4,953 6,540 759 95 151 1,623 2,799 2,407 685 2,502 473 625 377 714 1,761 14 7 132 61 1,014 217 48 72. 1,937 2,672 26 139 159 154 750 1,025 937 1,058 14 141 Over 72. SU 141 10 172 87 22& 114 42 192 IS 61 19 4 17 35 43 location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the man- ufactures in North Carolina were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitanta- ibitanta. , , , 1 Digmzed by Mi In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that some of the cities, notably High Point, New Bern, and Rocky Mount, that had a popu- lation of JiU)00 and over at the census of 1914 were 'icrosor^^ MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1117 included in the district outside of the cities at prior censuses. The table shows that for 1914 the cities, which represented 8.9 per cent of the estimated popu- lation of the state, reported 41.6 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 34.9 per cent of the total value of products, 21.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, but only 11.2 per cent of the total number of estabUshments. Table 13 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVINa A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVEE. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVING A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. POPULATION OF 10,000 AND OVEB. Number or amount. Per cent, of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 10 7 6 208,956 154,578 87,447 618 465 256 29,033 19,700 9,264 $100,986,515 62,336,666 14,530,673 49,687,569 31,946,264 7,139,230 7 5 6 114,190 94,816 87,447 367 293 256 13,879 14,288 9,264 $47,711,215 48,872,265 14,530,673 23,292,055 26,916,387 7,139,230 3 2 2,339,452 2,206,287 1,893,810 5,507 4,931 3,465 136,844 121,473 72,322 $289,411,987 216,656,055 85,274,083 119,470,016 94,794,525 40,419,859 8.9 7.0 4.6 11.2 9.4 7.4 21.2 16.2 12.8 34.9 28.8 17.0 41.6 33.7 17.7 4.8 4.3 4.6 6.7 5.9 7.4 10.1 11.8 12.8 16.5 22.6 17.0 19.5 28.4 17.7 9-1,766 59,762 4.1 2.7 2,130,496 2,051,709 1,806,363 4,889 4,466 3,209 107, 8] 1 101,773 63,058 $188,425,472 154,319,389 70,743,410 69,782,447 62,848,261 33,280,629 91.1 93.0 95.4 251 172 4.6 3.5 88.8 90.6 92.6 Average number of wage earners .... 15, 154 5,412 11.1 4.5 78.8 83.8 87 2 Value of products $53,275,300 13,464,401 18.4 6.2 65.1 71.2 83.0 26,395,514 5,029,877 22.1 5.3 58.4 66.3 82.3 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. Table 13 shows the relative importance in manu- factures of each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EABNEB3. VALUE OF PKODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9,634 4,764 3,799 3,682 1,721 1,229 951 1,051 1,454 .848 17,636 2 3,699 4,199 "'2,'234' $37,287,683 27,597,258 10,962,113 5,931,761 5,025,504 3,464,328 3,148,802 2,915,767 2,742,802 1,910,497 1118,239,743 2 23,026,578 10,459,684 Durham . Charlotte $4,849,630 High Point....... Wflmington Greensboro Asheville 1)213 952 2 978 1,023 1,594 1,098 792 585 3,004,717 2,031,606 2 3,198,466 2,375,827 2,904,323 1,743,837 1,918,362 Raleigh 1,086,671 Rocky Mount.... 1 Figures represent a consolidation of Winston and Salem. 2 Fi^iu-es do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only .for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Winston and Salem were consolidated in 1913, and the figures published in this table for 1909 are there- fore the combined totals for the city of Winston and the town ,of Salem. The principal industries in Winston-Salem are hosiery and knit goods, tobacco manufactures, woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and luDdber and timber products. Durham also has large cotton and'hosiery and knitting mills, and the output of I its tobacco-manufacturing establishments is the greatest for any city in the state, ^fliarlfttta, Jwhjch ranks third among the citiies, has a tries, the most important being cotton goods, fertihzers, foundry and machine-shop products, oil, cottonseed, and cake, and printing and publishing. It win be noted that the ranking of Greensboro, Asheville, and Eocky Mount in number of wage earners varies from their ranking in value of products. Character of ownership. — ^Table 14 presents statistics in respect to character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, for the state as a whole, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected indus- tries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries com- bined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid dis- closing the operations of individual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. This table shows for aU industries combined an in- crease during the decade in the number of establish- ments throughout the state under each form of owner- ship. The greatest proportion of the establishments — nearly one-haK of the total in 1914 — is shown for those under individual ownership ; but in value of products and average number of wage earners, those owned by corporations greatly predominate. In 1914, although only 26 per cent of the total number of estabUshments in the state were imder corporate ownership, this class reported 86.2 per cent of the. total value of products and 82 per cent of the toial average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding propor- tions are only slightly less. The proportions of aver- I ^£6 numW^of wage earners and value of products 'r'repOTl^&'Tiy^corporations have been greater at each 1118 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. ^uccessiTe census. For both 1914 and 1909, with the single exception of marble and stone work for 1914, the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the 15 industries for which separate statis- tics are given is shown for establishments under cor- porate ownership. This condition prevailed also in 1914, as regards all industries combined, in each of the 10 cities. Table 14 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBER or ESTABLISHMENTS Cen- OWNED BY— In establishments Per cent or "total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of totals moUSTEY AMD CITY. sus year. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth-- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 2,680 2,265 1,425 1,444 1,339 879 1,383 1,32? 968 136,844 121,473 85,339 14,538 14,215 10, 184 112,215 95,885 65,954 10,091 11.373 9,201 10.6 11.7 11.9 82.0 78.9 77.3 7.4 9.4 10.8 $289,411,987 216,656,055 142,520,776 $21,131,123 17,451,179 14,318,319 $249,417,509 182,140,664 113,510,110 $18,863,355 17,064,212 14,692,347 7.3 8.1 10.0 86.2 84.1 79.6 6.5 7.8 10.3 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 53 73 34 42 62 61 1,612 1,608 345 442 768 689 499 477 21.4 27.5 47.6 42.8 31.0 29.7 •1,520,119 1,320,545 293,220 361,636 846,459 591,389 380,440 367,520 19.3 27.4 55.7 44.8 25.0 27.8 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 71 71 29 29 37 38 1,462 1,629 407 423 771 800 284 406 27.8 26.0 52.8 49.1 19.4 24.9 3,133.082 3,282,634 696,542 692,098 1,946,969 1,847,259 589,571 743,277 19.0 21.1 62.2 56.3 18.8 22.6 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad com- . panics. 1914 1909 16 12 2,806 2,568 2,806 2,568 100.0 100.0 5,047,536 2,933,776 5,047,536 2,933,776 100.0 100.0 Cotton goods 1914 1909 11 9 273 262 9 10 53,703 47,231 834 648 52,075 45,640 794 943 1.5 1.4 97.0 96.6 1.5 2.0 90,743,683 72,680,385 ' ''1L435 'tl'z%409 .87^94,395 70,401,045 1,237,853 1,354,931 2.0 1.3 96.6 96.9 1.4 1.8 Fertilizers i 1914 1909 4 6 33 22 4 6 1,690 933 52 22 1,611 873 27 38 3.1 2.4 95.3 93.6 1.6 4.1 10,307,856 6,316,485 384,074 69,123 9,882,332 6, 115, 481 41, io 141,881 3.7 0.9 95.9 96.8 0.4 2.2 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 136 106 54 42 103 101 688 496 221 146 190 169 177 181 37.6 29.4 32.3 34.1 30.1 36.5 8,963,501 8,501,219 2,640,852 2,219,058 3,784,363 3,581,627 2,538,286 2,700,634 29.5 26.1 42.2 42.1 2S.3 31.8 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 54 38 55 45 27 19 1,526 1,490 242 330 956 1,005 328 155 15.9 22.1 62.6 67.5 21.6 10.4 2,895,965 2,771,287 430, 180 460, 164 1,873,860 2,112,722 591,925 198,401 14.9 16.6 64.7 76.2 20.4 7.2, Pnmit:urfl 1914 1909 4 11 89 98 16 8 5,801 5,533 113 182 5,259 5,191 429 160 1.9 3.3 90.7 93.8 7.4 2.9 9,335,195 7,884,679 246,340 207,190 8,356,631 7,462,105 732,224 215,384 2.6 2.6 89.5 94.6 7.8 2.7 Hosiery and knit goods. . . 1914 1909 10 5 57 44 7 13 7,787 5,151 360 240 7,241 4,390 186 521 4.6 4.7 93.0 85.2 2.4 10.1 8,892,362 • 5,151,692 296,806 185,322 8,407,655 4,407,458 187,901 558,912 3.3 3.6 94.6 85.6 2.1 10.8. Ice, manu&ctured 1914 1909 7 3 44 37 10 5 519 318 36 7 462 301 21 10 6.9 2.2 89.0 94.7 4.1 3.1 1,125,864 659,377 36,500 13,300 1,034,878 629,415 54,486 16,662 3.2 . 2.0 91.9 95.5 4.8: 2.5. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 5 18 6 10 6 11 877 832 ""34 613 653 264 145 ""4."i 69.9 78.5 30.1 17.4 7,182,400 5,415,495 ■■"162,' 093 4,241,239 .3,646,028 2,941,161 1,667,374 "i.'g 59.1 67.3 40.9. 30.8. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1,782 1,429 277 313 893 802 34,374 34,001 9,675 9,773 19,049 17,857 5,6.50 6,371 28.2 28.7 55.4 52.5 16.4 18.7 39,631,573 33,624,6.53 9,692,984 8,122,842 23,361,089 19,645,935 6,577,500 5,755,876 24.5 24.2 58.9 58.6 16. « 17.2. Marble and stone work. . . 1914 1909 30 21 10 13 24 22 704 807 107 97 284 496 313 214 15.2 12.0 40.3 61.5 44.5 26.5 980,643 881,343 224,884 177,557 297,013 438,878 458,746 264,908 22.9 20.1 30.3 49.8 46.8 30.1, Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 173 161 102 82 54 79 1,540 1,376 473 470 864 634 203 272 30:7 34.1 56.1 46.1 13.2 19.8 3,232,174 2,497,493 789,019 665,546 2,086,233 1,413,208 356,922 418,739 24.4 26.6 64.5 56.6 11.1 16.8 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 14 18 12 14 7 11 10,467 8,203 199 299 9,995 7,283 273 621 1.9 3.6 95 5 88.8 2.6 7.6 57,861,378 35,986,639 432,614 619,737 56,976,534 34,192,231 452,230 1,174,671 0.7 1.7 93.5 95.0 0.8 3.3 Total for cities. 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 193 338 87 29,033 1,487 26, 410 1,1.36 5.1 91.0 3.9 100,986,515 3,553,249 95,151,647 2,281,619 3.5 94.2 2.3. ASHEVILLE 18 19 25 27 23 21 75 30 30 47 6 13 7 13 12 951 3,799 4,764 1,229 3,582 848 1,051 1,454 1,721 9,634 94 270 83 194 195 766 3.454 4,654 925 3,095 91 75 22 110 292 9.9 7.1 1.8 15.8 5.4 80 5 90.9 97.7 75.3 86.4 9.6 2.0 0.6 8.9 8.2 3,148,802 10,962,113 27,597,258 3,464,328 5,931,761 1,910,497 2, 915, 767 2,742,802 5,025,504 37,287,683 159,009 627,947 256,115 583,783 381,473 169,084 306, 111 33,346 445,258 591,123 2,776,325 10,100,635 27,279,043 2,702,053 5,055,839 1,665,464 2,439,480 2,686,040 4,279,538 36,167,230 213,468 233,631 62,100 178,492 494,449 75,949 170,176 23,416 300,708 529,330 5.0 5.7 0.9 16.9 6.4 88.2 92.1 98.9 78.0 85.3 6.8 Charlotte 2.1 0.2- Greensboro 5.1 8.3 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 9 24 3 27 18 17 26 15 35 42 3 9 2 9 13 58 163 28 141 2,56 725 810 1,412 1,432 9,137 65 78 14 148 241 6.8 15,-S 1.9 8.2 2.7 8.5.5 77.1 97.1 Si. 2 94.8 7.7 7.4 1.0 8.6 2.5 8.8 10.5 1.2 8.9 1.6 87.2 83.7 97.9 85.1 97.0 4.0, Kaleigh 5.8 Rocky Mount "^ . 0.9. Wilmington 6.0> 1.1 Size of establishments. — Table 15 shows, for all industries combined, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, grouped according to the value of products and for each group, the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. The per cent distribution of the items constituting each total is also given. For 1914, 554 establishments, or 10 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 431, or 8.7 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 318, or 9.7 per cent, for 1904. For 1914 these esQigilMesL U;^ ported 72 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 80 per cent of the total value of products, and 76.1 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estab- lishments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 48.6 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 2 per cent of the total value of products. For the establishmenta having products valued at $100,000 and over, the pro- portion of the total shows an increase at each successiveb census, frMn 71.1 per cent in 1904 to 74.2 per cent in i V^6?/sP^a^®)er cent in 1914. MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1119 Table 15 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABUSH- MENTS. AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classBs 5,507 4,931 3,272 136,844 121,473 85,339 $289,411,987 $216,656,055 $142,520,776 $119,470,016 $94, 794, 525 $63,252,772 Tass than S5 000 2,674 1,453 826 522 32 2,322. 1,358 820 409 22 1,276 1,076 602 309 9 6,152 11,335 20,802 70,961 27,594 6,970 11,902 24,074 57,932 20,595 2,946 8,573 17,930 .47,351 8,539 5,734,874 14,503,860 37,757,441 133,260,619 98,155,193 5, 151, 695 13,690,273 37,172,248 101,973,523 68,668,316 3,118,617 10,891,177 27,111,101 70,985,231 30,411,660 3,930,622 8,186,091 16,346,945 45,923,110 45,083,3.45 3, 432, 538 7,799,055 16,59 ,882 37,902,430 29, 065, 620 2 064 917 J5 000 to S20.000 6, 232, 879 11,818,958 25,823,306 17,312,682 120 000 to SlOO 000 J100,000 to $1,000,000 11,000,000 and over PEB CENT DISTEIBWTION. All classes . 100.0 100.0 lOO.O 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100 0- Less than 15,000 $5 000 to $20,000 48.6 26.4 15.0 9.5 0.6 47.1 27.5 16.6 8.3 0.4 39.0 32.9 18.4 9.4 .0.3 4.5 8.3 15.2 51.8 20.2 5.7 9.8 19.8 47.7 17.0 3.5 10.0 21.0 55.5 10.0 2.0 5.0 • 13.0 46.1 33.9 2.4 6.3 17.2 47.1 27.1 2.2 7.6 19.0 49.8 21.3 3.3 6.9 13.7 38.4 37.7 3.6 8.2 17.5 40.0 30.7 3.3 9 9' $20 000 to $100,000 18 7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 40.8- 27.4 Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for six of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for aU industries combined. For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows that for two of the six industries — flour-miU and grist- mill products and lumber and timber products — there were increases, and for the others, decreases, in the number of establishments having products under $5,000 in value. For all industries the establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over show increases in. average number of wage earners and value of products ; and for all except flour-mill and gristmiU products the establishments in this class also show increases in value added by manufacture. For aU industries with the exception of flour-miU and gristmill products the large establishments reported greater proportions of the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for 1914 than for 1909. Table 16 ■ INDUaTBY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. I«ss than $5,000 $9,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and overs Cotton goods $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over Flour-mill and grist- mill products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 to $1,000,000 Furniture Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000: $100,000 to $1,000,000. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, AND finished Less than $5,000 $20,000 to $100,000 2 $100,000 and over' Lumber and timber products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over Tobacco manufactures. > Includes the group "less than $5,000. ' Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000." ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1120 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 CITY ANB VALUE OP PRODUCT. AaHEVILLE. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000. ... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over I., Charlotte . . Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over'.. Durham. , Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Greensboro . . Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. . $100, 000 to $1,000,000. High Point. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000..-. $100,000 to $1,000,000. New Been. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Ealeigh. . Less than $5,000. . . $5, 000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over 1. Rocky Mount. . I^s than $20,0002... $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 and overi... Wilmington.. Less than $5,000. . . $5,000to $20,000. .. $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over '. Winston-Salem . Less than $5,000. . . $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over K Number of estab- lish- ments. 11 13 16 6 107 20 ■WAGE earners. Average nimiber. 951 620 3,799 18 148 753 2,880 4^764 19 106 172 666 3,802 1,229 26 163 3,682 34 149 641 2,758 17 110 126 596 5 141 262 643 1,454 66 159 1,230 i; 721 25 167 436 1,093 9,634 10 61 643 8,920 Per cent ol total. 100.0 • 1.3 9.2 24.3 65.2 100.0 0.5 3.9 19.8 75.8 100.0 0.4 2.2 14.0 79.8 100.0 2.0 13.3 32.0 52.7 100.0 0.9 4.2 17.9 77.0 100.0 2.0 13.0 14.8 70.2 100.0 0.5 13.4 24.9 61.2 100.0 4.5 10.9 84.6 100.0 1.5 9.7 63.5 100.0 0.1 0.6 6.7 92.6 VALUE OF products. Amomit. $3,148,802 25,568 142,070 692,827 2,288,347 10,'S62,113 28,181 337,964 1,799,426 8,796,652 27,597,258 35,404 265,868 444, 166 1,586,033 25,266,787 3,464,328 47, 781 259,848 914,639 2,242,160 S; 931, 761 56,980 241,411 1,132,841 4,601,529 1,910,497 25,014 93,960 318,436 1,473,098 2,915,767 21,779 328,645 636,647 1,928,696 2,742,802 110,789 227, 435 2,404,678 5,025,504 2.5,910 271,076 1,320,397 3,408,122 37,287,683 42,866 143,537 1,429,896 36,671,386 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.8 4.6 22.0 72.7 100.0 0.3 3.1 16.4 80.2 100.0 0.1 1.0 1.6 6.7 91.6 100.0 1.4 7.5 26.4 64.7 100.0 09 4.1 19.1 75.9 100.0 1.3 4.9 16.7 77.1 100. 0.7 11.3 21.8 66.1 100.0 4.0 8.3 87.7 100.0 0.5 6.4 67.8 100.0 0.1 0.4 3.8 96.7 VALUE ADDED BY MANU- FACTURE. Amount. $1,011,295 16,412 76,555 390,733 627,595 3,479,905 16,362 207,726 910, 780 2,346,047 15,093,932 21,266 134,278 216,854 462,010 14,259,634 1,368,114 36,990 168,481 447,502 716,141 2,786,660 31,936 128,008 540,815 2,085,901 705,983 16,400 61,431 124, 645 603,507 1,296,054 Per cent of total. 10, 630 200,480 403,176 681,768 1,040,017 66,750 127,778 845,489 1,840,926 17,630 135,199 630,847 1,057,360 21,074,683 26,372 85,617 678,489 20,284,206 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a prepon- derance as to nmnber of wage earners, value of prod- ucts, and value added by manufacture for estabhsh- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentages of total value of products re- ported by establishments in this class, 97.3 and 95.7, appear for Durham and Winston-Salem, the principal 100.0 1.6 7.6 52.2 100.0 0.4 6.0 26.2 67.4 100. 0.1 0.9 1.4 , 3.1 94.6 100.0 2.7 11.7 33.0 62.6 100.0 1.1 4.6 19.4 74.9 100.0 2.3 8.7 17.7 71.3 100.0 0.8 15.5 31.1 52.6 100.0 6.4 12.3 81.3 100.0 1.0 7.3 34.3 67.4 100.0 0.1 0.4 3.2 96.2 2 Includes the group "less than $6,000. " manufacturing cities of the state; and the lowest, 64.7, is shown for Greensboro. Table 18 shows, for 1914, for all industries com- bined, for 16 of the more important industries, and for each of the 10 cities, the number of establishments and the mmaber of wage earners, classified according to the average number of wage earners reported for each estabUshment. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1121 Table 18 DTDUSIKT AND CITY. All industries Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages Snd Wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cotton goods Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured .' Leather, tanned, curried, and finished ., Iiumber and timber products Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake^ .' '. Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures All other industries J Total for cities ASHEVILLE .' CBAEIOTTE Ddkham Greensboro .'„ High Point .s New Bern » Raleigh EocKY Mount Wilmington Wiksion-Salem Estab- lish- ments. 6,507 139 137 16 293 136 109 74 61 17 2,9.52 64 62 329 33 751 618 45 107 62 70 82 29 59 20 71 73 Wage ' earners (average number). 136,844 1,612 1,462 2,806 53,703 1,690 588 1,626 5,801 7,787 519 877 34,374 704 1,586 1,540 10, 467 29,033 961 3,799 4,764 1,229 3,582 848 1,061 1,464 1,721 9,634 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No wage Estab- lish- ments. 186 1 to 6 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 3,116 30 7 ,889 35 4 219 11 447 Wage earners. 7,108 157 166 7 5 17 462 191 21 87 12 4,278 84 17 565 20 1,027 661 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 1,272 1 782 14 27 52 5 163 204 Wage earners. 13,821 697 372 26 111 181 136 366 321 120 273 12 ■8,260 166 411 514 77 1,788 2,370 264 400 201 237 281 148 224 79 300 236 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 411 157 5 26 11 3 49 78 Wage earners. 13,388 609 327 86 1,333 220 - 655 1,061 829 159 4,906 187 835 376 102 1,713 2,660 108 79 214 56 256 408 Table 18— Continued. INDtrSTKY AND OTY. ESTABIJSHMENTS EMPLOYING — 51 to 100 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 101 to 260 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Over 1,000 wage earners. All industries . 14,943 36,472 59 20,253 14,424 17,435 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products '. Carriages and wagons and materials Cais and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies.. Cotton goods Fertilizers 323 322 5,061 714 1 2 1 131 4 149 274 214 20,627 568 256 10,969 1,896 8,781 6,826 Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products.. Furniture Hosiery and knit goods 209 2,382 1,202 116 2,026 2,218 967 Ice, manufactured Leather, tanned, curried, and finished.. Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake.. Printing and publishing... Tobacco manufoctures All other industries Total for cities. 361 2,i250 116 86 140 1,455 2,817 240 6,828 151 262 5,644 1,326 i,686 1,123 1,122 32 574 1,498 4,815 684 1,491 3,868 506 2,474 ASHEVILLE Charlotte . . . Diirham: Greensboro . High Point.. New Been Kaleiqh Rocky Mount... Wilmington WwaroN-SALEM . 642 84 293 740 204 63 288 248 1,052 285 542 861 345 274 537 1,132 746 306 1,327 800 3,316 256 972 '762' 6,172 82101°— 18 71 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1122 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18 and for 1909 similar percentages for a;ll industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Considering the total for all industries, there were 186 estabUshments in opera- tion during 1914 in which no wage earners were em- ployed. These are small estabhshments in which the ■work is done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employ one or two wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as de- scribed in the " Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the establishment. Flour and grist nulls, lumber mills, and job printing ofiices are the industries in which the largest number of these smaJl establishments were reported. 1 - — Table 19 niDUSTKT AND CITY. All industries. Brfisl, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carnages and wagons and mate- rials. f^sis and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Cotton ^oods Fertilizers Honr-mill and gristmill prod- acts. Foundry and machine-shop- products Funutnre Hosiery and knit goods JGe©, manufactm^d Xieather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lnmber and timber products. . . Harble and stdtte work OH, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures Total for cities.. asukville Chaelotte ]>UBHAM Greensboro.. High Point.. New Been Raleigh BocKT Mount... WiLMrsrGTON Winston-Salem . Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 6.2 5.1 9.7 13.7 11.4 9.2 0.2 0.4 (') 0) 1.0 3.2 76.9 74, 12.5 7.5 0.4 0.7 0) 0.4 16.8 20.4 1.4 4.6 12.4 10.7 11.9 7.6 1.1 0.9 0.2 0.3 3.9 2.0 1.5 6.3 1.7 2.0 6.1 1.4 4.9 0. 10.1 12.2 43.2 47.7 25.4 25.3 0.9 1.8 0.2 0.3 10.7 13.6 23.1 25.6 23.3 25.2 6.5 4.0 1.5 3.4 52.6 69.5 1.4 4.9 24.0 28.0 23.6 22.3 26.9 34.3 33.4 43.9 0.7 1.1 8.2 27.8 10. 4.2 19.3 7.8 17.5 21.3 5.4 17.4 2.4 9.8 11.0 37.8 30.4 22.4 34.2 2.6 3.5 13.0 16.4 42.9 39.7 18.1 26.0 10 30.6 10.1 14.3 16.6 26.6 29.2 62.6 53.4 24.4 8.1 1.0 2.2 11.4 21.8 1, 26.8 9.0 ■9.3 20.4 3.9 14.9 4.1 10.9 14.0 22.1 25.0 11.5 2.1 9.4 11.1 42.2 52.9 13.7 27.5 41.1 46.0 15.4 26.7 41.2 45.8 6.5 12.1 16.5 9.6 20.4 11.3 5 5 9.6 16.9 1 23.8 20.7 31.3 19.4 3.6 16.7 2.6 25.9 9.2 8.2 18.7 6.3 7.6 13.4 38.4 31.4 33.0 14.8 7.5 34.9 18.8 28.6 29.4 27.4 39.7 19.9 12. 5.5 12.6 16.6 27.7 6.0 23.8 39. 32.8 18.8 31.2 11. 14.8 17.9 20.4 30. 4.6 12.4 16.3 16.4 9.2 31.2 6.5 21.3 13.3 66.9 ie.'e 24.8 37.0 14.9 7.1 501 to 1,000 10.6 67.6 34.3 16.4 13.6 17.0 17.6 3.2 3.6 4.8 7.7 Over 1,000 12.7 10.2 47.9 12.7 9.4 14.4 79.9 53.4 8.5 32.7 21.1 66.9 ■■7."3 64.1 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. The comparatively small estabhshments still dominate in the majority of the iadumi&IU^^ &jk Of the 5,507 estabhshments reported for all industries, 4,388,_or 79.7 per cent, employed on the average less than 20 wage earners during the year. On the other hand, while these small estabhshments predominate in number, they gave employment to only 20,929 wage earners, or 15.3 per cent of the total for all establish- ments. There were only 318 estabhshments in the state that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earners each, but these estabhshments gave em- ployment to 87,584, or 63.9 per cent of the total aver- age number of wage earners reported for aU estab- hshments. , These large estabhshments are shown es- pecially for the manufacture of textUes, lumber, and tobacco, and inraihoad repair shops. Among the cities, the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by estabhshments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Durham, 91.2; and Wiriston-Salem, 90.3. Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors, classified ac- cording to their character, employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current) . It also shows separately the mmiber and horsepower- of electric ndotors operated by cur- rent generated in the estabhshments reporting. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 129,529 horsepower, or 34.2 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, somewhat more than half of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 1.3 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased 16.2 per cent of the total, and in 1914, 25.7 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by cur- rent generated within the same establishments, although considerable, has not kept pace with that in rented power. The powilr of motors operated by cur- rent generated in the same estabhshments repre- sented 56.4 per cent of the total electric power in 1904, but only 21.1 per cent in 1914. In spite of the great increase in rented power, owned power increased 76.7 per cent during the decade 1904- 1914 and 19 per cent during the last five-year period. This was due in part to the fact that some of the lai^e factories have installed electricity as emergency power, while others are using electric power and hold their steam engines in readiness for emergency. The use of internal-combustion engines increased rapidly during the decade, but not so rapidly as that of rented electric power. The horsepower of such en- gines, however, represented only 1 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the last five-year period there was a very shght decrease in the horsepower of water wheels, tur- Jbines, andjjwtors, which in 1914 formed 8.1 per cent w(£e^QSB>^unary power. MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1123 Table 20 NTTMBEB OF ENGDJES OR M0T0B3. aoESEPOWEI POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10,646 7,373 3,504 508,085 378,556 216,622 100.0 100.0 100.0 5,944 4,929 492 523 4,702 4,702 5,386 4,500 316 570 1,987 1,987 3,504 2,951 . 104 449 377, 692 331,132 5,379 41,181 130,393 128,660 1,733 317,261 271,944 3,391 41,926 61,295 60,044 1,251 213,697 18^,166 2,149 28,382 2,925 2,423 502 74.3 65.2 1.0 8.1 25.7 25.3 0.3 83.8 71.8 - 0.9 11.1 16.2 15.9 0.3 98.6 84.5 Intemal-conibustioii engines 1.0 • 13.1 1.4 P) 1.1 other 0.2 Electric 6,739 4,702 2,037 - 2,708 1,987 721 196 «196 163,161 128,660 34,501 86,002 60,044 25,958 5,553 2,423 3,130 100.0 78.9 21.1 100.0 69.8 30.2 100.0 Rented 43.6 56.4 ■ Figures for horsepower include Jor 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the head of "other" owned power. > Not reported. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures, is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power, or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 21 shows for 1914 the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all indus- tries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 21 INDUSTRY AND CITT. All industries.. Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products , Carriages and wagons and materials — Cars and general mi op construction and repairs Dy steam-railroad companies. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods ^ - - Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating . Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Leather goods Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.): 23,154 2,288 95 4 13,560 155 218 50 10 1,608 23^ 37 1,192,237 641 838 67,029 3,320 46, 187 443 486,293 26, 466 7,083 5,623 17,955 35, 497 27, 570 50,540 192 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). 22, 258 1,129 1,689 5,434 70 4,756 239 5,766 552 200 29,724 131 370 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 14,888 16 '""385 92 330 5 10 3,527 78 539 1,217 1,610 506 44 56 84 17,038 264 572 1,000 175 INDtrSTKT AND CrTT. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 ■ lbs.) . Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lumber an^ timber products Marble andstone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities.. asheville Charlotte Durham Greensboro High Point New Bern Raleigh Rooky Mount.. Wilmington Winsion-Salem . Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.) 3,225 30 208 10 1,187 5 140 5 204 208 165 159 17,504 66,442 4,059 70,862 2,260 41,323 214,110 208,176 14,614 60,050 24,344 11,410 14,645 2,220 8,912 15,618 16,749 39,614 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels). 510 65 32 2 970 9,356 643 3,112 1,093 718 221 338 1,392 85 428 1,326 1 1,908 116 72 526 37 1,415 12,881 2,076 17 1,497 686 1,000 4,192 1,064 2,257 92 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 46 8,256 322 1,754 11, 789 7 1,566 684 1,130 60 :,870 2,936 1,536 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for which no provision is made on the general schedule. Cer- tain data of this character for five important indus- tries in North Carolina are here presented, and also statistics for power laundries. Textiles. — The progress of the textile industries is indicated by the increase in the number of spindles, looms, knitting machines, and other equipment. The following table shows the number of the more impor- tant machines used in these industries for 1914, 1909, and 1904. In addition to the number of spindles reported in connection with the census of manufactures, statistics of the number employed in all branches of the textile Digitized industry are reported monthly to the Bureau of the Census. The total number of cotton spindles in the state of North Carolina for 1914, as compiled from these monthly reports, was 3,813,940, and of these 3,770,316 were active some time during the year ending August 31. Table 23 machine. Cen- sus year. Total. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Hosiery and knit goods. Woolon, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. Silk goods, includ- ing throw- sters. Producing spindles Looms 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,823,380 2,972,261 1,914,259 61,622 51,467 43,554 10,959 6,395 3,043 3,708,622 2,908,383 1,880,950 60,931 50,840 43,219 62,056 24,944 13,264 12,820 13,434 8,779 175 266 235 39,842 25,500 11,266 516 Knitting machines V 10,959 6,395 3,043 100 by Microsoft® 1124 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. Cotton goods. — In the following table the materials and products of the cotton-goods industry are shown by kiad, quantity, cost, and value for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 33 1914 1909 1904 MATERULS. .Total cost $62,338,422 $48,687,572 $33, 026, 340 Cotton: Domestic- 415,424,339 $51,040,026 2,846,386 $462,599- 1,919,963 $128,442 10,550,363 $2,097,7^1 $300,070 $1,064,210 $3,096,670 $4,148,674 $90,743,683 348,979,258 $40,605,341 1,231,356 $231,543 6,041,361 $335,595 9,738,724 $1,789,555 $214,975 $713,030 $2,170,315 $2,627,218 $72,680,385 240,937,988 Cost $27,692,963 1,422,750 $229,790 1,399,977 $52,433 10,656,597 $1,920,368 $162,474 $543,394 $1,332,821 $1,201,097 $47 264 064 Foreign- Pounds - Cost Cotton waste, purchased: Pounds Cost Cotton yams, piu-chased: Cost Cliemioals and dyestuffs, cost Cost of fuel and rent of power and heat All other materials, cost PRODUCTS. Total value Unbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and nmslins:i Square yards 307,495,671 ^14,266,826 100,741,627 $6,427,154 90,152,119 $7,262,674 154,448,022 $14,966,732 18,438,152 $912, 799 15,718,054 $1,239,480 120,291,816 $12,814,463 168,310,924 $37,538,174 38,455,783 $1,390,461 $8,891,662 269,603,261 $13,286,679 111,994,426 $7,103,632 64,627,668 $5,389,195 167,925,952 $15,374,324 18,940,774 $1,119,822 12,473,668 $,814,767 136,511,610 $13,439,735 142,213,450 $28,312,873 34,861,543 $836,652 $2,378,130 198,872,898 $8,916,430 79,066,081 $4,747,674 62,063,042 $3,749,475 113,990,210 >^- $8,631,233 5,270,874 $364,316 15,785,124- $815,868 92,934,21"2 $7,461,049 Ginghams: Value Napped fabrics: Souare yards Value. Fancy weaves, total:2 Value Drills- Square yards Twills, sateens, etc.— Value ....".".■.::;■;";".■""■" other fancy weaves ^ — Square yards Value Yams for sale: 95,481,949 $18,566,247 22,235,597 $667,968 $1,986,021 Value Cotton waste for sale: Value 1 The figures for these fabrics represent the combined quantities and values of those designated at prior censuses as "plain cloths for printing and converting" and ' 'brown or bleached sheetings and shirtings." 2 Does not include fancy woven ginghams, napped fabrics, nor unbleached or bleached shirtings. The increase ia the quantity of raw cotton con- sumed during the ten-year period covered by the statement— from 242,360,738 pounds to 418,270,725 pounds,, or 72.6 per cent — is a fair measure of the growth of the industry, as cotton yarns purchased for manufacturing purposes show but little change in quantity from census to census. The total cost of materials and total value of products increased during the same period by 88.8 per cent and 92 per cent, respectively. Plain cloths — sheetings, shirtiags, and muslins — show considerable increases in both quantity and value, as do also napped fabrics. Fancy weaves as a whole, while showing large increases for the ten-year period, decreased in both quantity and value durmg the period 1909-1914. Yams spun for sale increased 76.3 per cent in quantity and 10^.2 per cent in value between 1904 and 1914. Data for. the other textile industries are shown in the gml^kZWiSkVy Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 24 gives quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for the 4ast three census years. Table 24 1914 • 1909 1904 Total value $8,963,501 $8,501,219 $6,863,770 Wheat flour: Barrels. . 951,805 $5,231,853 543,491 $2,043,292 2,250 $11,869 55,700 $1,766 2,109,260 $40, 120 42, 146 $1,045,346 19,560 $556,917 $32,340 759,072 $4,763,956 596,872 $2,294,852 1,155 $6,470 73,500 $2,310 8,056,030 $143,668 47,949 $1,271,025 $18,948 713 400 $3,816,448 648, 481 Com meal and corn flour: Barrels Value '. $1,738,154 1,972 $9,146 132, 448 Rye flour: Value Buckwheat flour: Value $3,072 Hominy and grits: Pounds Value 8,976,400 - $134, 718 Bran and middlings: Value Feed and offal: Tons . . 48,803 $1,126,632 $35,600 Wheat flour is the most important product of this industry in North Carolina, and shows substantial gains during the ten-year period in quantity and value of products. At the census of 1914 the estab- Ushments reporting the manufacture of wheat flour numbered 239, as compared with 208 in 1909 and 213 in 1904. In 1914 the value of wheat flour and bran and middlings together constituted 70.1 per cent of the total value of products, the proportion for wheat flour alone being 58.4 per cent. Corn meal and com flour constitute the next most important product, representing 22.8 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts in 1914. The production of wheat flour in- creased during the period 1909-1914 by 25.4 per cent in quantity and 9.8 per cent in value. Hosiery and knit goods.— Table 25 shows for this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantity and cost of materials used and the quantity and value of products made. The principal materials used in this industry are raw cotton and cotton yarns. A comparison of the figures for the last two census years discloses a marked tendency txjward a largely increased use of the former. In 1909 cotton represented only 27^per cent of the combined quantity of cotton and cotton yam, but in 1914 its proportion had increased to 45.3 per cent. In 1909 cotton and cotton yam represented 13.2 per cent and 61.7 per cent, respectively, of the total cost of materials, but in 1914 the corresponding percent- ages were 2^.9 and 40.6. The principal products are cotton hose and half- hose and cotton shirts and drawers. In addition to the total shown for this industry, four establishments reported the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods to the value of $460,890 as a by-product in 1914. Hosiery represented 69.8 per cent of the total .value of tiia products in 1914, 79.6 per cent in 1909, iVlkQK^^Qll^ cent in 1904; and -the value of shirts MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1125 and drawers formed 20.1 per cent of the total in 1914, as compared with 15.6 per cent in 1909 and 16.7 per cent in 1904. Table 25 1914 1909 1904 MATEKIALS. 16,409,659 $3,012,295 $1,394,811 Cotton: 10,212,853 $1,658,419 1 12,333,975 $2,602,344 $239,471 $180,412 $1,729,013 $8,892,362 3,531,967 $398,635 9,527,471 $1,858,760 $151,329 $92,812 $510, 759 $5,151,692 2, 112, 160 Cost $236, 118 Cotton yam, purchased: Pounds 5,115,699 Cost $916, 779 $73, 104 Cost of fuel and rent of power , $47,351 $121,459 PRODUCTS. $2,483,827 Cotton hose: Dozen pairs 5,917,709 $4, 450, 879 2,829,273 $1,753,598 686,519 $1, 790, 605 95,467 $367,145 1,747,877 $397,353 $132,782 3,879,392 $2,877,922 1,926,748 $1,222,767 409,635 $805,643 47,650 $95,302 664,287 $92,643 $57,415 1,950,578 $1,408,060 977, 454 $610,368 174 549 Value Cotton half hose: Value Cotton shirts and drawers: Value $414,583 $50,816 Cotton combination suits: Value ■.... Cotton yam, lor sale: ' Includes 115,491 pounds of mercerized cotton yam, worth $62,066, comparable data lor wUch were not obtained separately at previous censuses. 2 Figures not available. The proportionate increases in total value of prod- ucts and in value of hosiery were considerably less for the period 1909 to 1914 than for 1904 to 1909. For the other classes of products the increases from 1909 to 1914 were proportionally greater than for hosiery. The increase shown by cotton yam made for sale is very great, the output of this product in 1914 exceeding that in 1909 by 163.1 per cent in quantity and 328.9 per cent in value. leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Table 26 gives for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantity and value of the principal products reported for this industry. Table 26 1914 1909 1904 $7,182,400 $5,415,495 $2,662,174 Leather: Oak sole- Sides 447,568 $3,388,408 222,542 $2,992,988 $325,618 $87,413 $387,973 371, 401 $2,677,033 269,568 $1,677,963 $657,205 $53,494 $349,800 74,883 Value $398, 396 Belting and harness- Sides. . 123. 699 Value $552, 954 All other, value $1,674,176 $21,108 $15,540 All other products, value Work on materials lor others, value The manufacture of leather shows a noteworthy increase — 169.8 per cent — in value of products dur- ing the decade 1904-1914. Dak sole, belting, and harness leathers are the leading products. For the first named there appear substantial increases in both quantity and value as compared with previous cen- suses. The figures for belting and harness leather (combined to avoid disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments), however, whilj.! increases in value as compared with 1904 and 1909, and in quantity as compared with 1904, show a decrease in quantity as compared with 1909. The decline in the value of "all other leather" is due largely to the decrease in rough leather sold as such. This product, the value of which for 1904 and 1909 is included in that of "all other leather," was for- merly of some importance, but its output decreased greatly between those years, and none was reported for 1914. The amount received for tanking, curry- ing, or finishing for others, which was inpignificant in 1904, formed 5.4 per cent of the total value of products in 1914. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — North CaroUna ranked sixth among the states in value of cottonseed prod- ucts manufactured in 1914. The increase in the output of these products from census to census shows a rapid growth of the industry in the state. The following table gives the quantity of cotton seed used for oil extraction and the quantities of the sev- eral crude products obtained, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 27 MATERIAL AND PRODUCT. Cotton seed crushed, tbns Crude products manufactured: Oil, gallons Meal and cake, tons (2,000 lbs.) Hulls, tons (2,000 lbs.) Linters, pounds 1914 328,705 14,602,325 148,860 95,335 17,259,390 1909 214,582 9,611,394 92, 906 68, 459 8,442,520 1904 148,097 6,269,062 59, 787 53,184 4,472,965 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the crushing season of 1913-14 — that is, to the handling of seed from the crop of 1913. They cover the operations of all establishments which crushed cotton seed during the season, regardless of the extent to which they were engaged in other branches of indus- try. Furthermore, the crude products reported rep- resent the total production derived from crushing cotton seed, whether sold as such or used as inter- mediate products in further processes of manufac- ture, such as the refining of oil and the mixing of fertilizer and feed. The total quantity of cotton seed crushed increased 205.3 per cent during the IS-year period 1899-1914. Of the 63 mills reported for 1914 as crushing cotton seed, 6 crushed less than 1,000 tons each during the census year; 8 crushed 1,000 but less than 2,000 tons; 27 crushed 2,000 but less than 5,000 tons; 15 crushed 5,000 but less than 10,000 tons; and 7 crushed 10,000 tons or more. The quantities of the various products obtained in 1914 per ton of seed, as received at the mill, were as follows: Crude oil, 44.4 gallons; meal, 906 pounds; hulls, 580 pounds; and linters, 53 pounds. The ratios which the several products bore to the total weight of the seed when received at the mill were: Crude oU, 1126 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 29 per cent; and Unters, 2.6 per cent. It wiU be observed that huUs have represented a decreasing proportion of the total quantity of products from census to census. This change is due to the instal- lation of cold-process machinery, which expresses the oil without huUing the seed, the resulting cake thus containing the hulls. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables nor in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 28, however, summarizes these statistics for North Carolina for 1914 and 1909. Table 28 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for worlc done POWEK LATINDErES. Number or amount. 59 1,335 56 114 1,165 1,359 1798,660 462, 189 100,692 361,497 6,792 35, 261 240,947 1,026,358 1909 43 924 43 69 812 1,000 $424,642 265,038 53,519 211,519 261 14, 391 107,865 659, 949 Per cent of increase,! 1909-1914. 43.5 35.9 88.1 74.4 88.1 70.9 2,602.3 145.0 123.4 83.3 I Percentages are omitted where base is le^s than 100. In 1914 North Carolina ranked thirty-secojid among the states in amount received for work done and thirty-first in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows increases in all the items given, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners, amounting to 83.3 per cent and 43.5 per cent, respectively. Establishments owned by individuals reported 41.9 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 42.8 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, 15.3 per cent. Table 29 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representa- tive day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 29 January... February.. March April May June July August September. October... November. December. WAGE EABNEBS. Number. 1914 1,074 1,068 1,070 1,130 1,168 1,226 1,297 1,336 1,254 1,160 1,094 1,108 1909 745 754 756 785 815 852 877 883 871 822 786 798 Percent of maxi- mum. 1911 80.4 79.9 80.1 84.6 87.4 91.8 97.1 100.0 93.9 86.8 81.9 82.9 1909 84.4 85.4 85.6 100.0 98. 6 93.1 89.0 90.4 Table 30 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 30 NUMBER OF HOESEPOWER, KDTD. MOIOKS. , Amount. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914. Primary power total 96 56 1,359 1,010 34.6 Oimed 49 45 3 1 47 47 41 40 i' 15 15 1,126 1,074 14 38 233 213 20 877 867 28.4 23.9 10 133 133 Rented .■ 75 2 60.2 Generated in establishments reporting 35 70 Table 31 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 31 Unit. QUANTITY. Percent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Tons (2,240 lbs.).... Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Barrels 651 .13,670 5 120 2,475 . Bituminous coal 8,872 541 Coke Oil 101 1,468 18.8 1,000 feet 68.6 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1127 GENERAL TABLES. Table 32 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state ; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabit- ants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 33 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown with- out the disclosure of the operations of individual estab- lishments, and the statistics for all industries com- bined for each of the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 32.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. nJDDSTSY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. INDDSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Valaa of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6,507 4,931 3,272 136,844 121,473 85,339 508,085146,038 378,666, 34,365 216,622 21,375 $169,942 121,861 79,268 $289,412 216,666 142,621 Hosiery and knit goods — Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 74 62 40 61 45 32 7,787 6,161 2,944 ■519 318 235 7,879 4,024 2,148 8,329 6,386 2,991 $2,045 1,080 617 263 127 83 $6,410 3,012 1,395 342 180 97 $8.aB 5,152 2,484 Agricnltural implements. . . 17 22 13 149 132 107 389 366 206 71 60 31 98 90 51 305 262 127 l.IS fi59 US 1914 1909 1904 4 7 7 70 178 89 217 140 70 14 46 25 104 242 117 149 408 186 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914- 1909 1904 17 39 34 877 832 534 2,806 2,672 1,621 355 .290 149 S,54S 4,156 2,038 7,182 5,4U 2,662 Bread and otlier bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 ee 54 34 305 189 115 360 148 42 127 80 36 522 341 133 873 639 246 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 <2,962 2,544 1,364 34,374 34,001 16,983 140,386 116,542 66,026 12,554 9,707 5,119 16,320 12,634 ,6,612 39,632 33,525 19,489 Brick and tile, pottery, and other clay products. 1914 1909 1904 139 . 176 117 1,612 1,608 1,163 7,961 7,529 3,647 505 412 267 494 406 194 1,620 1,321 802 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 1904 64 66 22 704 807 396 1,721 1,863 382 404 384 158 286 226 81 981 881 399 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 1904 137 138 2 125 1,462 1,629 1,373 2,176 ■9,110 1,310 644 603 482 1,777 1,894- 1,229 3,133 3,283 2,304 Mattresses and spring beds . 1914 1909 1904 29 23 9 174 166 69 191 134 76 56 65 16 172 108 376 315 164 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 1904 16 12 11 2,806 2,668 1,973 1,941 1,468 988 1,674 1,296 1,023 2,839 1,661 1,334 6,048 2,934 2,444 Oil, cottonseed, and cake. . '. 1914 1909 1904 62 53 43 1,586 1,165 867 15,874 9,641 7,935 636 326 233 13,114 7,090 2,956 15,369 8,504 3.749 Cofluis, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. 1914 1909 1904 14 9 9 312 226 183 1,239 431 394 113 71 62 344 157 70 691 362 271 Patent medicines and com- pounds. 1914 1909 1904 26 26 26 74 60 55 17 28 6 27 18 11 260 216 139 512 474 3S6 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. 1914 1909 1904 57 26 13 338 184 93 108 6 10 187 76 40 641 214 107 937 374 194 Printing and publishing. . . . 1914 1909 1904 5 329 322 268 1,640 1,376 971 1,684 1,119 682 877 661 404 806 645 382 3,232 2,497 1,6S3 1914 1909 1904 293 281 212 63,703 47,231 38,356 246,600 164,609 92, 216 16,796 12,131 7,604 62,338 48,688 33,025 90,744 72,680 47,264 Saddlery and harness 1914 1909 1904 37 33 13 138 135 171 117 99 158 60 62 52 334 257 191 530 427 306 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 41 34 27 293 249 234 3 136 102 70 109 117 105 20 14 12 1,690 ■933 .908 588 496 519 1,526 1,490 1,216 5,801 5,533 6,164 210 161 104 8,155 3,132 2,653 14,227 11,678 10,369 3,169 2,700 1,782 11,837 11,379 9,113 705 308 309 734 393 282 231 180 160 843 718 550 1,856 1,685 1,311 102 62 38 7,704 4,183 2,218 7,644 7,287 6,986 1,329 1,245 1,374 4,835 4,398 3,106 262 123 71 10,308 6,316 3,099 8,964 8,601 6,864 2,895 2,771 2,707 9,335 7,885 6,182 716 369 223 Tobacco manufactures Turpentine and rosin 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 33 43 55 36 79 87 6 11 12 441 354 288 10,467 8,203 7,293 45 139 148 391 424 343 7,596 6,148 4,967 6,070 3,712 2,017 33 19 4 685 968 849 24,219 20,364 9,929 2,984 1,918 1,457 10 28 39 IDS 116 71 2,865 1,880 1,167 24,310 13,816 10,149 98 ,483 S78 394 392 406 10,679 6,121 57;8si 35,987 28,088 147 674 743 «E7 Flonr-mHI and gristmill Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture All other industries 675 5S6 Gas, iUuminating and heat- ing. 17,386 13,476 3.641, ( :iTIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 11 JHABITj ^NTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COM BINEB 1914 '1909 1904 45 51 45 951 . 978 792 2,276 2,075 $386 356 229 $2,138 2,264 1,247 $3,149 3,198 1,918 R AlEIQH 1914 1909 1904 59 55 42 1,051 1,023 585 3,093 2,970 tS15 384 226 $1,620 1,276 512 $2,916 2,376 1,087 Ckablotte 1914 1909 1904 1914 «1909 1914 1909 1904 107 108 73 62 60 70 61 63 3,799 4,199 2,234 4,764 . 3,699 1,229 952 1,098 16,990 12,384 8,465 5,217 2,271 1,645 1,477 1,557 693 1,501 1,079 509 338 317 7,482 6,632 2,869 12,503 9,664 2,106 1,106 978 10,962 10,460 4,850 27,697 23,027 3,464 2,032 1,744 1914 1909 1904 1914 '1909 71 64 53 73 66 1,721 1,213 l,-594 9,634 7,636 5,468 4,580 8,253 6,920 8^7 470 605 2,858 1,839 3,185 1,903 1,715 16,213 7,666 5,026 3.005 2,901 37,2SS 18. »B Gbeensbobo . I Apparently an error; figures should be 2,608. ' Excludes statistics for two establistunents, to avoid disclosure of individual opeiatioiis. ■ Includes "automobile repairing,"' "hardware," "iron and .steel, ca.st-iron pipe," "plumbeis'supplies," and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works orroUing nulls," Ibr wlucn separate figures are given in Table 33. Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and "lumber, planjng-piill. jpj'oduots.nyt bcloding planing mills connected with sawmUls," shown ' 5 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individufi] operations. • Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. ' rigiures represent a consolidation of Winston and Salem. 'zed'^by Microsoft® 1128 MANUFACTURES— NORfH CAROLIN/ . • Table 33.— DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, 62 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. "WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. AUindustries 5,507 151,335 Agricultural implements Automobile repairing Bqots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden pacHng Bread and bakery products, other than biscuits and crackers. Brick and tile Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables Canned fruits Carnage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- pames. Clothing, men's and youths' Coffins, Durial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cotton goods Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations for animals and fowls. Foundry and machine-shop products . Foundries Machine shops Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and wil- low. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Gas, aiuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Jute goods .'. - Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . Lime Iiiquors, vinous Lumber and timber products Lumber, planin^-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters -. . Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unframed Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent mediranes and compounds - Paving materials Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling. Pottery, earthen and stone ware Printing and pubhslung, book and job Job printing Book pubUshing and printing Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. . Publishing, without printing 63 1 Saddlery and harness 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes 127 4 3 21 12 9 6 131 16 112 6 106 3 109 100 2,714 206 64 29 132 7 6 62 26 6 12 91 85 6 238 49 164 25 37 173 77 82 • 113 1,006 434 1,861 32 1,665 2,995 432 377 181 92 89 200 442 65,206 204 91 1,931 1,121 14 1,593 94 1,499 24 6,337 6,056 290 8,130 712 368 951 122 45 35,307 3,348 231 730 361 284 153 532 24 756 739 17 1,534 641 833 60 206 5,950 157 5 3 152 13 391 102 3 99 4,018 3,682 90 32 18 7 21 953 6 4 3,641 202 24 147 31 154 115 7 108 3 229 215 201 14 73 16 10 185 18 10 198n 151 10 16 15 1 2 15 401 1 5 130 52 3 65 1 204 191 841 344 65 142 34 7 103 31 116 1 4 136, 844 20 149 49 70 106 924 305 1,601 24 7 80 21 85 1,377 2,806 385 312 110 53 57 182 338 53,703 194 78 1,690 588 1,279 78 1,201 18 5,801 5,556 245 210 7,787 519 350 877 105 39 30,590 2,860 704 174 470 336 263 1,586 74 608 11 569 661 971 416 555 Mh 141,491 Fe 181 Je 51 Au 74 My 4 114 Je 1,071 De .332 Je 2,285 Oc 26 De 8 Au Au 202 Mh 129 Au 1,579 Ap 2,964 442 329 No' 57 Jy 71 No 226 Jy 376 Ja 54,680 My 220 Se 86 Ap 3,081 Se 592 Oc< 9 Mh 93 Mh 1,269 Je 24 Ja 6, 122 Ja 285 M My Mh De 132,911 Oc Se Ja De Mh Ja' 114 47 66 75 843 295 De 809 Ja 22 Se 6 Ap De' Se' 21 De 939 No 2,620 De No 268 297 Fe Fe De 48 43 150 299 Se 52,451 Se 175 Ap 63 Jy 1,030 My 681 Fe' 2 No 46 De 1,063 De 2 Jy 859 My 406 Jy 1,006 No 133 Se 73 Mh 31,629 Jy 2,975 Jy 777 Mh 176 Jy 531 Mh 408 Ja' 283 Fe 2,464 Mh 83 Ja 552 Ja jy 291 15 De ' 501 420 578 De 4,619 Oc 185 Fe 191 Oc 7,276 317 Ja De 269 De ' 781 Ap 89 Ja' 31 Se 29,857 De 2,700 Ja 518 Au ' 172 Fe 417 (') Se De Jy No Oc Jy* De' 260 231 478 62 461 Au 542 68 Ap' Fe 413 535 141 60 71 110 1,041 322 2,306 25 203 116 122 1,540 2,629 392 311 106 66 '50 255 365 54, 218 183 1,702 604 1,133 66 1,077 23 5,674 5,430 214 8,214 562 270 793 113 53 40,600 2,839 175 482 397 238 2,462 73 559 16 598 590 419 673 P) 141 49 70 51 913 281 2,236 19 8 94 66 122 1,517 2,606 70 32 48 243 361 116 37 1,700 603 1,126 56 1,070 3 5,327 5,104 223 207 2,532 641 201 789 112 38 40,307 2,810 654 138 453 397 238 2,438 31 658 15 448 440 315 461 e) 182 131 51 300 17 17,005 64 49 1 4 3,914 2 4,302 8 66 15 64- m 20 322 16 7 686 219 29 (') 3,305 1 10 $253,841,808 128 128 97 385, 442 105, 729 155,170 , 79,476 1,616,061 322,720 1,773,386 27,966 24,450 112,639 26,131 86,508 170,908 4,087,913 2,299,423 338,138 801,238 325,832 164,690 171,142 174,244 557,974 80,065,283 179, 158 131,490 16,702,881 3,576,664 31,008 3,330,784 278,399 3,052,385 17,928 8,799,116 8,200,014 599, 102 4,164,102 8,227,232 2,736,649 555,493 6,260,902 91,820 254,078 35,528,885 4,318,393 1,067,962 245,607 977,163 357,509 413,560 8,434,016 424,300 658,088 346,379 11,560 953,706 939,380 14,326 1,920,555 951,352 930,507 138 Mh 153 0(f' 122 128 124 'es given, for reasons explained in the text of introduction. 38,696 435,813 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. 1129 AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. - EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration- Income. Principal Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- giues.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. S6, 074, 025 $4,170,207 $46,038,447 81,957,489 $373,200 $13,716,623 $163,706,300 $6,235,671 $289,411,987 $119,470,016 508,085 331,132 7,112 41, 181 128,660 34,501 1 30,310 7,075 2,300 6,910 59,306 26,475 95,421 2,484 1,500 4,333 200 4,133 8,025 107,849 42,237 20,198 40,447 21,555 11,189 10,366 8,193 21,295 1,601,139 7,900 4,600 163,224 66,944 2,980 152,148 9,600 142,548 1,980 340,932 323,619 17,313 37,761 237,384 104,161 30,340 144,028 • 6,310 4,980 929,756 227,057 48,117 23,012 82,702 12,825 20,400 263,075 24,285 14,705 10,830 4,060 1,100 2,700 180 16,739 5,774 6,635 71, 178 25,436 14,064 26,403 346, 70O 127,398 t 502,015 6,179 3,390 12,605 8,867 3,738 42, 039 601,793 1,673,975 109,223 112,680 42,533 19,787 22, 746 69,377 187,109 15,795,742 60,619 31,280 733,818 231,074 1,607 734,112 37,997 696, 115 6,080 1,865,846 1,768,822 4 97,024 102,351 2,045,492 263,068 97,091 355, 101 38,584 ~ 13,146 11, 129, 792 1,077,921 403,927 66,415 196,948 123,899 114,844 535,823 26,788 338,214 31,341 3,237 346,015 341,061 4,954 531,403 258,283 273,120 1,280 483 3,005 5,407 812 379 1,197 8,636 2,626 8,345 140 161 812 156 656 1,201 29,743 2,977 4,264 4,823 2,778 1,077 1,701 1,953 4,688 667,590 1,162 1,021 96, 197 24,394 78 26,435 2,938 23,497 138 48,923 46, 401 2,522 19, 764 59,453 30,455 3,276 37,373 463 1,082 220,521 32,968 6,022 1,796 17,395 7,836 2,672 63,777 3,863 843 1,674 31 8,343 7,980 363 16,647 8,260 6,774 91, 197 28,062 103,416 57,786 1,010,441 498,891 109, 707 33,516 50,743 99,719 17, 164 82,656 107,934 1,634,758 2,762,042 369,631 332,595 291,907 114,249 177,658 166,323 637,159 59,241,762 90,832 106,056 7,682,875 7,514,924 31,504 1,041,048 67, 156 983,892 27,480 4,761,914 4,528,567 233,367 47,936 6,229,247 133,868 641,929 6,492,656 27,658 79,782 10,106,416 4,896,717 253,606 219,067 919,307 39,873 623,973 12, 829, 928 249, 136 74,075 838, 120 228 320,628 315,248 5,380 423,710 206,169 210,094 7,071 1,332 520 705 16,457 23,076 382, 860 327 735 810 385 426 2,346 32,349 86,771 4,088 11,231- 13,991 4,115 9,876 1,047 3,427 3,096,670 14,678 1,220 121,342 128,859 273 59,168 3,389 65,779 120 73, 191 66,637 6, 654 204,037 180,412 207,879 11,894 62,630 12,654 226 250,837 39,231 31,950 4,192 16,021 13,868 10,669 284,229 11, 121 21, 6^ 2,471 1,018 17,945 17,716 ?29 43,749 26,467 18,068 306,108 92, 140 148,936 • 139,992 1,808,453 873,381 1,606,894 53,520 63,367 194,683 36,711 167,8782 176,156 2,956,926 5,047,536 603' 538 691,066 ' 475,086 203,659 271,626 332,672 936,927 90,743,683 203,379 177,076 10,307,866 8,963,601 41,691 2,476,653 127,814 2,348,839 40,488 9,336,195 8,899,680 435,515 716,379 8,892,362 1,125,864 669,047 7,182,400 103,157 122,763 30,529,211 7,293,909 980,643 376,389 1,706,745 215,502 914, 704 16,269,364 611,668 485,612 1,030,169 13,225 1,083,720 1,059,170 24,650 2,148,454 1,126,428 900,856 121, 170, 'S 206,840 62, 746 • 44,999 81,691 781,666 351,415 1,014,327 19,678 11,889 94,064 19, 162 74,892 65,876 1, 289, 819 2,208,723 229,819 347, 240 169, 187 85, 195 83,992 165,302 396,341 28,405,261 97,889 70,799- 2,603,639 1,319,718 9,914 1,376,437 67,269 1,309,168 12,888 4,600,090 4,304,586 195,504 464, 406 2,482,703 784,117 16,224 1,637,214 62,945 42, 756 20,171,958 2,357,961 696,087 ' 153,140 771,417 161, 761 280,062 2,156,209 251,311 389,897 189,568 11,979 745, 147 726, 206 18,941 1,680,995 894,802 672,694 ,W13,499 •■(5)96,764 ame numoei . 389 101 217 23 4,036 360 7,959 16 39 139 60 89 366 1,810 1,941 128 1,239 234 37 197 493 108 245,600 273 89 8,165 14,227 63 2,697 193 2,604 11 11,837 11,278 669 705 7,879 8,329 696 2,806 448 135 124,643 11,707 1,721 191 428 975 288 15,874 17 1,196 318 2 488 483 5 1,196 691 606 112 3 75 "'i'oei' 66 7,186 37 136 60 86 345 1,049 1,737 60 590 99 9 90 430 108,577 225 100 33 16 g 237 7 34 6 "'i25' ""■"98' 177 66 1 15 640 287 740 6 2 26 5 """466" 11 12 2 1,629 466 21,076 2,089 310 1 110,911 81 3,582 6 7 8 q 10 300 51,833 200 51,633 136 15 120 3 11 I? 300 1,272 77, 154 119,876 22,603 41,829 18,352 16,182 2,170 1,620 14,470 401,731 1,500 6,210 221,739 51,498 530 68,290 3,600 64,690 420 216,083 199,962 16,131 22.432 9i;848 45,625 3,214 21,912 1,580 3 21 302 66 8 32 13 14 160 16,618 300 4,476 975 10,910 6,142 4,768 4,693 10,696 13,994 1,320 3,175 13,536 3,623 , 820 16,957 45 15,912 350 2,762 2,162 600 8 ...... 461 139 60 637 103 28 75 51 74 105,565 8 68 2,498 2,833 63 1,325 53 1,272 11 562 603 69 79 1,319 318 666 162 36 3,110 20 30 36" 15,431 1,577 87 5 5' 286 276 10 "'i,"449' 323 ".■i;453" 15 16 224 100 17 18 20 32 12 34 565 40 30,913 "■■"21' 26 6,496 '1 2,213 1,685 205,464 211 22 23 24 25 26 13,866 260 4,740 6,138 892 760 27 28 29 . 1,069 140 929 253 50 30 .... 31 253 50 3? 33 3,074 3,074 11,040 10,640 600 621 4,448 7,958 30 2,550 416 75 121,602 10,513 1,338 25 13 635 35 14,098 180 180 66 55 34 35 3S 5 152 53 'i,'966" ■17 11,779 1,000 7,491 12,000 1,503 3,048 20,110 1,020 38 39 40 6 33 26 2,109 141' 70 16 151 ,75 88 41 4,437 3,500 43,209 16,326 7,017 2,760 25,294 3,604 1,500 1,500 2,973 42 642 43 7 365 35 390 1,010 313 160 257 ■■""253' 1,766 X6 460 38 4,363 86 217 66 3 85 ■"'963' W 4,S 334,746 62,349 24,276 8,425 24,514 3,526 8,510 127,443 48,435 4,733 4,900 1,169,922 77,920 17,683 233 2,346 9,702 44 45 46 47 48 49 60 920 11 i" 61 6? 746 280 6 6 •il 2,340 75 30,621 29,651 970 33,527 9,604 23,288 735 7,080 'i4 50 3,945 437 3,508 47,495 4,692 2,202 40,601 2 30 30 'i'i 75,902 75,302 600 194,710 102; 314 .75,186 17,210 18,082 36, 122 36,066 56 146,760 103,361 - 28, 189 15,220 12,139 4 452 447 5 774 432 342 2 2 61 61 56 57 120 90 30 300 69 231 2 2 59 60 61 62 66,i3i Same numb reported 45 throughc 55 s reported for one or more*t5ther months. ut the year. 1130 MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. Table 33.— DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE BY INDUSTRIES, INDUSTKT. Num- ber o( estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. ( Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried .offi- cers, super- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. New vessels Small boats. Including repair work Show cases Tobacco, chewing and smoking Chewing Smoking TobaccO; cigars, and cigarettes Turpentine and rosin Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speciiied Woolen goods All other industries * 10 69 11 1 1 56 s 40 5 1 1 33 5 s 29 34 . 6 6 23 24 4 1 20 10,419 16 161 1,118 174 8,950 14 1,939 12 65 144 20 1,698 6 8,480 4 S6 974 154 7,252 13 1,741 13 20 159 32 1,517 35 96 47 2 1 1 45 23 183 18 13 4 1 147 6 36 5 2 1 28 5 413 3 9 9 1 391 102 4,450 74 129 124 ■ 30 4,093 Ja My 53 4 23 Se 1, 841 Ja 7, 493 An 1,589 My > 65 Ja De' De 162 38 404 De 3 ''28 «23 De 17 Ja 1, 464 Oc 6,940 De 1,395 Fe3 26 Jy 128 Jy» 23 Ja 379 28 24 18 9,283 1,941 7,342 1,436 65 199 38 405 28 24 18 5,569 1,143 4,426 606 64 191 36 220 2,876 617 2,259 665 359 101 258 84 $85,005 56,450 28,555 25,863 34,421,987 4.579,366 29,842,631 2,153,610 152,055 29,570 901,435 11,430,244 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 10 asheville Charlotte Durham Greensboro . . . High Point New Bern Raleigh Rocky Mount.. Wilmington Winston-Salem 45 1,096 31 . 53 44 17 951 107 4,278 49 199 180 51 3,799 62 5,453 35 85 470 99 4,764 70 1,505 ,W 108 83 32 1,229 82 3,962 63 126 146 45 3,582 29 955 17 45 37 8 848 59 1,255 46 51 80 27 1,051 20 1,611 9 31 99 18 1,454 71 1,975 43 96 97 18 1,721 73 10,964 55 234 905 136 9,634 Au Fe Se My, Mh mS Fe Mh Je 1,025 4,021 4,920 1,358 3,862 1,057 1,131 1,482 1,978 9,813 Ja Je De Do 853 3,676 4,643 1,064 3,055 646 Se No Au 1,419 No 1,588 Co 9,189 923 742 164 10 7 3,924 2,864 806 142 112 4,777 2,553 1,618 365 241 1,291 839 334 78 40 3,514 2,536 675 157 146 920 899 6 16 1,068 802 240 17 9 1,474 1,331 130 1 12 1,861 1,674 166 11 10 9,716 6,590 3,254 471 401 $2,915,206 11,807,559 17,752,123 4,137,793 4,914,953 2,561,622 2,011,585 999,361 3,698,732 25,702,762 1 Owned power only. -*A11 other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 10 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bags, other than paper 5 Belting, leather 2 Blackings, stains, and dressings 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Canning and preserving, oysters 3 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 3 Cars, electric-railroad, not Including operations of railroad companies 1 Clocks 1 Clothing, Women's 1 Cordage and twine 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 2 Drug grinding 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Dy«stuil3 and extracts ., 4 Flavoring extracts 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting 1 Hand stamps 3 Hardware 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified — 3 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments, organs I Oil. fish. I Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NORTH CAROLINA. AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 191?^-Continu6d. 1131 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal- revenue and cor- poration- income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.s Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1,200 1,200 2,850 $520 520 660 387,202 90,021 297,181 58,911 1,120 1,490,896 221,960 1,268,936 202,749 1,680 4,700 1,325 20,000 239,555 1,630 240 7,030 128,849 f 33, 853 23,054 10, 799 12,620 2,604,434 383,353 2,121,081 479,682 10,202 35,627 7,896 105,447 1,632,891 $175 75 100 120 1,070 1,070 $100 100 1,968 3,673 108 25 769 220 488 144 192, 722 28,096 $1,196 660 636 202 9,211,902- 1,052,124 8, 159, 778 2, 939, 450 530 970 165 5,531 71,457 $37, 471 30,420 7,051 24,039 20,278,557 2,054,218 18, 224, 339 3, 887, 416 96, 989 61,704 13,593 383,319 5,471,396 $428 324 104 448 117,462 31,994 85,458 26,576 1,286 2,552 3G6 10,831 569,525 $93, 175 67,800 26,375 64,066 46,484,216 4,318,269 42,166,947 11, 377, 162 146,681 144,865 29,935 666,641 9,818,814 $65,276 37,066 18,220 29,569 26,088,207 2,232,067 23,866,150 7,463,171 48,407 80,609 15,946 272,391 3, 777, 893 100 46 54 38 5,231 1,297 3,934 839 33- 605 88 685 17,857 62 15 47 35 28 7 3 3 38 370 287 83 19 2,933 172 2,761 326 4,856 1,010 3,845 820 13 622 76 475 13, 179 6 6 20 25 6 ""226' 10 "'"2i6' 1,050 48 7 "3," 402' 26' 1,057 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $97,121 369, 716 235,443 139, 150 196, 440 63,997 105,940 40,434 144,490 432,028 $44,684 201,360 634,659 90,512 138,609 44,663 100,812 96,291 89,047 1,118,629 $385,607 1,476,675 1,500,943 608,598 1,256,317 374,133 615,087 780,066 857, 123 $14,139 7,358 264,677 21,950 5,671 20,725 14, 711 8,227 $17,171 42,663 12, 181 16,831 13,411 3,886 32,886 3,367 40,219 19,116 2,857,816 8,260 $20, 837 85,011 5,220,709 66,876 29,604 16,920 20,657 " 8, 702 28,507 6,313,470 $2,068,380 $69, 127 7,203,964 278,244 12,353,753 149,673 2, 036, 705 69,509 3,068,326 76, 775 1,183,659 20,855 1,520,649 99,064 1,653,116 49,670 3,088,108 96,470 16,014,078 198,922 $3,148,802 10,962,113 27,597,258 3, 464, 328 5, 931, 761 1,910,497 2,915,767 2,742,802 5,025,604 37,287,683 $1,011,295 3,479,905 15,093,932 1,358,114 2,786,660 705,983 1, 296, 064 1,040,017 1, 840, 926 21,074,683 2,575 1,375 6 1,194 303 16,990 9,091 46 7,853 434 8,465 6,130 16 2,319 864 2,271 1,110 157 1,004 37 5,240 4,166 80 994 851 2,550 2,331 60 169 225 3,093 944 33 2,116 39 2,114 1,980 56 78 1,270 5 468 4,449 67 50 902 'l54 8,253 5,775 30 2,448 3,385 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. * All other industries embrace (continued)— Optical goods 3 Fainta 3 Paper and wood pulp 3 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Fi^ea and preserves 2 Plated ware 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. . . : 1 Pocketbooks 1 Pumps, not including power pumps 1 Roofing materials. Scales and balances Shipbuilding, iron and steel.. Shirts , Silk goods, Including throwsters . Slaughtering and meat packing. . Stoves and ranges Structural Ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Upholstering materials 3 Waste i 4 Wheelbarrows 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wood distillation,notincludJngturpentineand rosin. 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® NORTH DAKOTA. By Mary E. Feenbt. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — North Dakota, with a gross area of 70,837 square miles, of which 70,183 represent land surface, ranks sixteenth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 319,146, and in 1910, 577,056, and its estimated population in 1914 was 687,000. In .poptdation North Dakota ranked thirty-seventh among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked thirty-ninth, with 8.2 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding number for density in 1900 being 4.5. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 63,236, or 11 per cent of the total, as against 7.3 per cent in 1900. There were, in the state in 1914, two cities, each having an estimated popula- tion of more than 10,000, namely, Fai^o and Grand Forks. These two cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed but 4.5 per cent of the estimated total poptdation of North Dakota, reported 22.8 per cent of the state's manufactured products. Several important railway systems traverse the state, from east to west, and these lines, with connect- ing railways, provide good transportation facilities. The steam-railway mileage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Conamerce Commission, was 5,160. North Dakota is primarily an agricultural state. In 1909 more than three-fifths of its entire land area was in farms. The total value of all farm crops in that year was $180,635,520, of which more than three- fifths, $109,129,869, represented wheat. This state leads all others in the production of wheat, its crop in 1909 being 116,781,886 bushels, or more than one- sixth of the total for the United States. The mineral products of North Dakota in 1914, ac- cording, to the annual report of the United States Geo- logical Survey, were valued at $1,063,540, the princi- pal product being brown coal or Hgnite. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914 the value of the products of North Dakota's manufac- turing industries was $21,147,431 ; the average number of wage earners engaged ia such industries, 3,275; and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measure of importance of manufacturing industries, was $6,663,116. In 1914 the state rajiked forty-sixth in value of products, forty-eighth in average number of wage earners, and forty-seventh in value added by manufacture; while in 1909 it ranked forty-fifth, forty- eighth, and forty-sixth, respectively. At each of the last three censuses the value of the manufactured products of North Dakota represented only one-tenth of 1 per cent of the total for the United States. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MAJTOFACTUEING INDUSTRIES. 1914 1909 1904 PEE CENT or INCREASE.! 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments . Proprietors and firm members . . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital. , Samries and wages Salaries...' Wages Paid lor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . 3, 4,627 603 749 3,275 15,062 213,362 302,200 885, 065 416, 235 72,009 213,328 484,315 147,431 663, 116 752 4,148 723 636 2,789 13,196 JU, 584, 747 2, 416, 135 628,730 1,787,405 21,323 159,787 13,673,590 19, 137, 506 5,463,916 507 2,545 494 296 1,755 9,873 $5,703,837 1,289,119 257, 812 1,031,307 17,869 8 77,961 7,095,986 10,217,914 3,121,928 {^ 337 152 1,358 7,351 $3,511,968 800,853 129,532 671,321 (?) m 4,150,860 6,259,840 2,108,980 -7.0 11.5 -16.6 17.8 17.4 14.1 22.7 36.7 40.9 35.2 237.7 33.5 5.9 10.5 21.9 48.3 63.0 46.4 114.9 68.9 33.7 103.1 87.4 143.9 73.3 19.3 92.7 87.3 75.0 50.4 94.7 29.2 34.3 62.4 61.0 99.0 53.6 71.0 63.2 48.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where comparable figures can not be given. 2 Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. D.uring the period covered by the table the num- "ber of establishments engaged in manufactures, the number of wage earners employed, and the primary horsepower used in these manufactures have more than doubled, and the value of manufactured products have more than trebled. All of the items, except contract work, show smaller increases from 1909 to 1914 than for the preceding five-year period, while two show actual decreases. The decrease of 53, or 7 per cent, from 1909 to 1914 in the number of estabhshments was due chiefly to the decreases in the flour-mill and gristmill and bakery Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ^'^^^^ 1134 MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. industries, and the decrease of 16.6 per cent in the number of proprietors and firm members was due largely to the smaller number of establishments in the two industries referred to, which were chiefly of individ- ual or partnership organization. The large percentage of increase shown for contract work does not signify the expansion of manufacturing operations, but a change of the methods employed. The industry which in- fluenced the increase in this item in 1914 was print- ing and publishing. The value added by manufac- ture, although greater in amount at each successive census for which figures are given in the table, shows a smaller proportional increase from 1909 to 1914 than for either of the preceding five-year periods. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table a CENSUS OF 19U. PEB CENT or INCREASE.' Jf um- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. t Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All inilnstrip's 699 3,275 IQO.O $21,147,431 100.0 $6,663,116 lOO.O 17.4 58.9 29.2 10.5 87.3 63.2 21.9 75.0 48.0 Flour-mill and gristmill products 59 351 58 7 58 3 10 9 24 9 9 102 424 752 115 871 205 105 88 es- se 52 171 371 12.9 23.0 3.5 26.6 6.3 3.2 2.7 2.0 1.7 1.6 5.2 11.3 12,029,905 2,220,217 1,739,692 1,235,171 810,465 442,914 421,973 321,018 282,300 273,022 270,199 1,100,5.55 56.9 10.5 8.2 5.8 3.8 2.1 2.0 l.fi 1.3 1.3 1.3 5.2 1,957,661 1,765,211 275,215 823,555 365,785 140,612 148,414 113,893 161,569 163,639 211,240 536,322 29.4 26. S 4.1 12.4 5.5 2.1 2.2 1.7 2.4 2.5 3.2 8.0 -2.5 -4.6 39.4 63.0 14.7 34.8 3.0 16.2 69.1 81.6 34.8 -2.6 80.8 72.1 83.1 236.6 93.2 67.9 64.2 360.7 43.3 284.0 20.1 20.1 100.0 116.6 43.1 -10.2 63.0 68.4 64.3 214.0 100.8 33.7 58.7 223.1 59.2 188 ft Butter Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad corn- 88.1 40.4 217.1 15.9 Bread and other bakery products Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.., 24.4 -7.2 37.2 -5.9 183.5 94.9 95.1 68.8 78.4 239.1 '"28.'8' -13.0 -5.8 35.6 -1.4 172.9 52.7 77.9 67.4 37 1 348.0 CiaK illiiTniTis(.t.incr p^nt] liP.Hting Brick s..." ..". -9.0 60.7 8.3 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 22; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 11 industries or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $250,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceeding $12,000,- 000, 3 with products between $1,000,000 and $3,000,- 000, and 7 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that shown, if determined by average number of wage earners, or value added by manufacture. Flour mills and gristmills ranked first in value of products and value added by manufacture but third in average number of wage earners. Butter, third in value of products, was fifth in value added by manufacture and sixth in average number of wage earners. The opera- tions of steam-raflroad repair shops ranked fourth in value of products, was first in number of wage earners, and third in value added by manufacture. In rank, according to value of products, there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown, flour mills and gristmills, printing and pubhshing, and butter held the same rank in value of products at both cen- suses. The operations of steam-railroad repair shops and bakeries, ranking fourth and fifth, respectively, in 1914, were fifth and sixth in 1909. Confectionery, which was sixth in 1914, ranked sevfTijIiJ^fpj^^Q'Sj. j^t. Flour-miU and gristmiU products. — This industry, which excludes custom nulls grinding for toU or local consumption, is the most important industry in the state as measured by value of products, contributing 56.9 per cent of the total value of products for the state in 1914 and 1.4 per cent of the total value of products of this industry reported for the United States. There was an increase of $344„789, or 3 per cent, in value of products, and of $327,459, or 20.1 per cent, in value added by manufacture. Machinery is largely used in this industry and comparatively few employees are required, therefore, the proportional value added to the raw material by manufacture is small in comparison with the corresponding propor- tions for most other industries. Printing and publishing. — In 1914 over onfe-half of the total number of establishments reported in the state were engaged in this industry, which was second in importance in wage earners employed, value of products, and value added by manufacture. Although, there was an increase of 21 in the number of establish- ments reporting in 1914, as compared with 1909, -the average number of wage earners decreased by 36, or 4.6 per cent. In 1914 the value of products; was $2,220,217, an increase of $310,703, or 16.2 per cent, over 1909; the growth was more pronounced from 1904 to 1909, when the increase was 72.1 per M^Bf^soft® > MANUFACTURES- ■ av Butter. — ^The 58 establishments in this industry were practically wholly engaged in the manufacture of butter in 1914. In value of products it was third in importance in the state in 1914 and in 1909. The ia- crease in value of products from 1909 to 1914 was $710,557, or 69.1 per cent. The growth of this iadus- try was much greater during the census period 1899-" 1904, when the value of products increased by 360.7 per cent, and the value added by manufacture, 223.1 per cent, than during the two following census periods. Gars aiid general shop construction and repairs hy stearrirrailroad companies. — The statistics for this in- dustry represent the work done in car shops operated by steam-raUroad companies but do not include the muior repairs made in roxmdhouses. The operations consist principally of repairs to rolling stock and equip- ment but include also shbpwork done for the track and bridge and buUding departments. Employment was given to an average of 871 wage earners, the largest number reported by any of the industries. This num- ber represents an increase of 408, or 88.1 per cent, as compared with 1909. The value of woi^k done in 1915 was $1,235,171, or 81.6 per cent increase over 1909. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — ^Table 3 shows, for 1914 and, 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufacttu-es, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the aver- age number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 4,627, of whom 3,275, or more than two- -NORTH DAKOTA. 1135 thirds, were wage earners, 860 were proprietors and officials, and 492 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.- Ninety per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufactures were males. The largest number of males (2,972) reported for 1914 were employed as wage earners. The largest proportion of females (27.6) were reported as clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Figures for individual industries will be found in Table 23. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED Df MANDFAC- TDKING INDUSTKIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,627 4,148 4,164 3,777 463 371 90.0 91.1 10.0 8.9 860 965 836 936 24 29 97.2 97.0 2.8 3.0 Proprietors and ftrm members . . . Salaried officers oloorporations. . Superintendents aad managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 603 723 63 64 194 178 492 394 3,275 2,789 582 697 62 64 192 175 356 303 2,972 2,538 21 26 1 2 3 136 91 303 251 '96.5 96.4 98.4 100.0 99.0 98.3 72.4 76.9 90.7 91.0 3.5 3.6 1.6 '"i.'o 1.7 27.6 23.1 9.3 9.0 3,245 2,732 30 ,57 2,945 2,489 27 49 300 243 3 8 90.8 91.1 90.0 86.0 9.2 Under 16 years of age 8.9 10.0 14.0 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees.. Wage earners (average number). 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 11.5 -10.9 -16.6 9.0 24.9 17.4 18.8 Male. 10.2 -10.7 -16.5 9.7 17.5 17.1 18.3 Female. 20.7 23.5 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 100.0 18.6 13.0 1.4 4.2 10.6 70.8 70.1 0.6 1909 100.0 23.3 17.4 1.5 4.3 9.5 67.2 65.9 1.4 Male. 1914 100.0 20.1 14.0 1.5 4.6 8.5 71.4 70.7 0.6 1909 100.0 24.8 18.5 1.7 4.6 8.0 67.2 65.9 1.3 Female. 1914 100.0 5.2 4.5 0.2 0.4 65.4 64.8 0.6 1909 100.0 7.8 7.0 0.8 24.5 67.7 65.5 2.2 L A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows increases in the total of the several classes of employees but a decrease in proprietors and firm members. This class formed 13 per cent of the total for all classes in 1914, having decreased from 17.4 per cent in 1909. The decrease is due to reduc- tions in the number of small estabhshments operated by individuals or firms, as previously explained, and also to the fact that somer reported in 1909 as owned by individuals or firms, were incorporated during the period between the censuses. Wage earners over 16 years of age formed 70.1 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 65.9 per cent in 1909. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 24.9, is shown for clerks and jate, I /othe£«ibaff^Snate salaried employees. The proportion 1136 MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. which this class formed of the total number for aU classes was 10.6 per cent in 1914 and 9.5 per cent in 1909. The average mimber- of wage earners employed, and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children tinder 16 years of age is given in Table 5, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribu- tion of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 5 Census year. ■WAGE EAKNEES. Aver- age num- ber.' Percent of total. INDUSTET. 16 years o( age and over. Un- der 16 Male. Fe- male. years of age. AlliTirlnstriflR 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 3,275 2,789 1,755 89.9 89.3 86.7 9.2 8.7 11.3 0.9 2.0 2.0 Bread and other bakery products Brick 205 146 171 188 115 62 871 463 105 98 424 435 762 788 632 609 72.2 77.4 100.0 97.3 97.4 98.4 99.8 100.0 35.2 38.8 100.0 99.8 79.9 77.4 92.2 96.4 27.3 19.9 0.5 2.7 Butter 0.9 2.7 1.7 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad oompames. 1.6 0.2 64.8 61.2 "Flmir-TTiill and gristmill prndnnts 0.2 17.2 17.3 7.3 2.8 2.9 All otber jTidiistriAR . . 6.3 0.5 0.8 ' For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the aver- age number in all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." For aU industries combined, the proportion of male wa^ge earners over 16 years of age has increased from census to census. The proportion of females decreased during the decade but shows a small increase from 1909 to 1914. The actual number of females employed, however, has increased from census to cfensus. The proportion of children under 16 years of age employed as wage earners was the same in 1904 and ia 1909, but shows a decrease for the decade. Of the seven industries for which comparative figtu-es.are given, three show an increased proportion of males in 1914, as compared with 1909; three an increased proportion of females; and two an increase in the proportion of children employed. In the manu- facture of brick and of flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts in 1914, all of the wage earners were males 16 years of age and over, while in the confectionery industry, females over 16 years of age formed 64.8 per cent of the wage earners employed. The brick industry, which employed an average of five children imder 16 years of age as wage earners in 1909, re- ported none of this class in 1914. r>- -,■ , . Digitized by Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 6 January February.. March AprilJ May June. ... July August September.. October November.. December. . WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTCRDfG INDUSTRIES. Number.' 1914 3,000 2,954 2,976 3,104 3,207 3,442 3,625 3,554 3,533 3,397 3,333 3,175 1909 2,366 2,386 2,443 2,680 2,816 3,041 3,004 2,880 2,927 3,033 3,062 2,960 1904 622 521 561 ;677 773 ;907 8''8 928 928 ,735 Per cent of maximum. 1914 81.5 82.1 85.6 88.5 95.0 100.0 98.0 97.5 93.7 91.9 87.6 1909 77.2 78.2 80.0 84.5 92.3 99.6 98.4 94.4 95.9 99.4 100.0 96.7 1904 78.9 78.9 81.0 81.8 92.0 9S.9 97.4 100.0 100.0 98.3 95.1 90.0 ' The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each mftnth, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. In 1914 the summer months show the greatest activity in the employment of wage earners in the combined industries of the state, the maximum num- ber appeariag for July and the minimum number for February, the minimum number forming 81.5 per cent of the maximum. The year 1909 shows a dif- ferent condition, when the largest niunber was em- ployed in November and the smallest number in January, the minimum number forming 77.2 per cent of the maximum. The greatest difference between the numbers for the maximum and minimtim months in any one of the three census years was 696, in 1909; the corresponding figures for 1914 and 1904 being 671 and 407, respectively. Table 7 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Among the selected industries, a marked variation is shown between the maximum and minimum number of wage earners employed during the different months. The manufacture of brick, which is a seasonal industry, shows a great variation in the number of wage earners employed, the 53 reported for February, the minimum month, forming only 16.3 per cent of the 326 reported for June, the maximum month. The greatest stability of employment is shown for printing and publishing, where the proportion which the minimum number formed of the maximum was 90.8 per cent. Of the two cities, the greatest stability of employment of wage earners is shown in Fargo, for which the per- centage that the minimum number formed of the MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. 1137 Table 7 [Month of maximum WAGE EABNEES: 1914. employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] INDUSTRY AND CITY. Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent Janu- ary. Febru- ary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tem- ber. Oc- tober. No- vem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 3,275 3,000 2,954 2,976 3,104 3,207 3,442 3,625 3,554 3,533 3,397 3,333 3,175 81.5 205 171 115 871 105 424 752 632 1,033 188 95 89 812 106 402 750 668 954 188 6S 89 837 100 403 761 ass 9S1 187 71 92 838 102 399 746 641 933 193 130 108 829 100 411 739 594 981 195 212 118 832 95 S75 743 637 1,006 199 326 146 853 90 381 748 699 1,101 224 321 150 983 Ai 7SS 716 1,101 227 255 147 906 100 417 743 769 1,118 227 210 129 948 127 472 '736 684 1,120 224 140 115 918 127 486 756 631 1,081 217 124 100 908 120 466 772 626 1,063 191 115 97 788 109 462 807 606 1,017 82.4 Brick 16.3 Butter 69.3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 80.2 Confectionery 66.1 Flour-miU and gristmill products 77.2 Printing and publishing 90.8 70.2 Total for cities 82.2 690 343 628 326 608 SIS 616 317 646 335 684 322 697 404 727 374 754 364 765 365 745 336 727 326 687 330 80.5 77.5 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 8 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for all in- dustries combiaed, in each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number em- ployed in. each estabUshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 8 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. mDUSTEY AND OTY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per were— week 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54. Be- tween 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. \11 industries - . . - . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 3,275 2,789 763 423 116 186 560 642 472 227 996 1,303 285 59 65 30 18 19 205 146 171 188 115 62 871 463 105 98 424 435 752 788 632 609 1,033 '\ 10 33 2 16 4 9 3 88 216 69 2 33 5 341 46 40 1 3 9 58 68 93 114 122 108 155 184 60 SO ""i23' 16 2 10 Brick Butter 3 7 280 ""i24' 27 162 11 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steara-railroad companies 68 317 348 59 39 283 393 347 13 186 268 156 49 172 61 62 42 28 2 Printing and publishing 3 405 377 63 35 218 1 91 46 16 16 43 29 5 108 16 18 19 15 Total for cities 690 343 136 82 41 2 147 26 27 87 259 88 64 44 16 Grand Forks .. 15 The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphasize the tend- ency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1914, for aU industries combined, a larger proportion of the wage earners were em- ployed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week than in any other group. Of the total number of wage eam^ Qiti2@Citi 82101°— 18 72 58.4 per cent were in estabhshments where the hours of labor were less than 60 per week; the correspond- ing proportion for 1909 was 49.4 per cent. In 1909, in the operations of steam-railroad repair shops, 73.4 per cent of the wage earners were employed in estab- lishments where the working hours were less than 60 per week, hut in 1914 the proportion of wage earners MiQ^O&iS^&^d had increased to 81.4 per cent. In 1138 MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. the printiiig and publishing industry 53.9 per cent of the wage earners were reported by estabUshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 48 per week and under, as compared with 1909 where the propor- tion of wage earners thus employed was 47.8 per cent. Of the combined total average number of wage earners employed in Fargo and in Grand Forks in 1914, shghtly more than one-half (547) were in estab- Ushments where the prevailing hours of labor were fewer than 60 per week, while only 139, or 13.5 per cent, were in estabhshments in which the hours of labor were more than 60 per week. Location of establishments. — Table 9 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the extent to which the manufactures in North Dakota were centrahzed in the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. A comparison of the total for the two cities com- bined in 1914 with those for 1909 shows actual increases in each item, a condition similar to that which prevailed in the districts outside the two cities, except in number of estabhshments. The table shows that for 1914 the two cities, which represented only 4.5 per cent of the estimated popu- lation of the state, reported 31.5 per cent of the total average number of wage earners; 31.3 per cent of the total value added by manufactiu'e; 22.8 per cent of the total value of products; and 15.5 per cent of the total number of estabhshments. In Fargo, in 1914, the total value of products was $3,006,043, the most important industries, as measured by value of products, beiag printing and pubhshing and the makiag of butter, bakery products, and sad- dlery and harness. The total value of products in Grand Forks was $1,815,669, where flour milling and gristmilling, printing and pubhshing, and the making of confectionery were the leading industries. Table 9 Cen- sus year. Aggregate. CITIES HATING A POPUIATION OF 10,000 OB OVEE. DI3TEICT3 OUT- SIDE OP CITIES HAVING A POPn- LATION OP 10,00» OE OVEE. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1914 1910 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2 2 31,178 26,809 108 99 1,033 860 $4,821,712 4,386,907 2,087,718 1,726,061 686,966 677,066 699 752 3,275 2,789 $21,147,431 19,137,606 6,663,116 6,463,916 4.5 4.6 15.5 13.2 31. S 30.8 22.8 22.9 31.3 31.6 655,788 550,247 591 653 2,242 1,929 $16,325,719 14,760,599 4,575,398 3,737,855 95.5 Numl)er of establish- ments. Aversge nmnl)er of wage earners. Value of products Value added by manu- facture. 95.4 84.5 86.8 68.5 69.2 77.2 77.1 68.7 68.4 ' Census estimate of population for 1914. Character of ownership. — Table 10 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organ- ization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combiaed, comparative figiires are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 10 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INBUSTEY ANT) CITY. ESTABLISHMENTS 0"\VNED BY — Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora^ tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 418 472 295 166 133 81 116 147 131 3,275 2,789 1,755 703 775 665 2,366 1,762 826 206 262 364 21.6 27.8 32.2 72.2 62.8 47.1 6.3 9.4 20.7 $21,147,431 19,137,506 10,217,914 $3,262,469 3,555,937 2,546,425 $16,140,195 13,586,608 5,146,817 $1,744,767 1,994,961 2,624,672 16.4 18.6 24.9 76.3 71.0 50.4 8.3 10.4 24;7 Bread and other baiery products. Butter 48 55 14 14 13 32 256 267 37 5 3 21 16 37 35 44 31 66 5 9 23 38 9 17 61 42 16 205 146 115 62 424 435 752 788 1,033 99 96 27 10 38 52 360 389 137 91 40 56 18 354 342 343 327 862 15 10 32 34 32 41 49 72 34 48.3 65.8 23.5 16.1 9.0 12.0 47.9 49.4 13.3 44.4 27.4 48.7 29.0 83.5 78.6 45.6 41.5 83.4 7.3 6.8 27.8 64.8 7.5 9.4 6.5 9.1 3.3 810,465 600,621 1,739,692 1,029,136 12,029,905 11,685,116 2,220,217 1,909,614 4,821,712 374,288 435,369 425,525 217,563 1,005,772 1,268,595 917,075 897,080 456,632 363,506 113,067 881,514 267,249 10,345,596 9,581,386 1,019,195 829,231 4,170,158 82,671 62,185 432,653 544,323 678,537 835,135 283,947 183,203 194,922 46.2 72.5 24.4 21.1 8.4 10.9 41.3 47.0 9.5 43.6 18.8 50.7 26.0 86.0 82.0 45.9 43.4 86.5 10.2 8.7 24.9 52.9 5.6 7.1 12.8 .9.6 4.0 Flour-mill and gristmill products. Printing and publishing. . Total for cities Faeqo 28 9 36 19 12 4 690 343 109 28 552 310 29 5 16.8 8.2 80.0 90.4 4.2 1.4 3,006,043 1,816,669 396,715 59,917 2,504,307 1,665,851 105,021 89,901 13.2 3.3 83.3 91.7 3.5 5.0 This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase during the decade in the number of estabhsh- ments throughout the state that were operated under both individual and corporate ownership and a de- crease in the "aU other" class. The greatest pro- portion of the estabhshments, iiear^;^y6f&-ft^i*jDf the total in 1914, is shown for those mmer maividual ownership, but in value of products and average number of wage earners those owned by corporations greatly predominated. In 1914, although only 23.6 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state were imder corporate ownership, this class re- l\M&t^^Wi^^ cent of the total value of products and 72.2 per cent of the total average number of wage MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. 1139 earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding per- centages were slightly less. In the bread and bakery- industry, 91.4 per cent of the establishments, reporting 56.4 per cent of the value of products, were tmder individual and aU other forms of ownership. The largest proportion of the value of products for the four industries was shown for corporate owaership, with the exception of bread and bakery products, in which, the proportion for corporations is only shghtly less than that for individual ownership. For all industries combined in Fargo and Grand Forks in 1914 more than one-half of the estabhshments were under cor- porate ownership, and the proportion of value of products and average number of wage earners was greatly in excess of that for the individual and the all other forms of ownership combined. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large estabhsh- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 11. Table H VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 699 752 507 3,275 2,789 1,755 $21,147,431 $19,137,506 $10,217,914 $6,663,116 $5,463,916 $3,121,928 Less than $5,000 360 206 92 .41 382 238 99 1-33 285 132 66 24 302 581 886 1,506 351 628 951 859 290 439 591 435 906,316 2,000,450 4,038,119 14,202,546 915,406 2,350,795 4,767,125 11,104,180 669,773 1,262,776 2,798,317 5,487,048 677,473 1,009,318 1,677,089 3,299,236 658,537 1,103,610 1,703,216 1,998,563 469,202 641,385 1,024,540 986,801 $5,000 to 120,000 $20,000 to $100,000 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 61.5 29.5 13.2 6.9 50.8 31.6 13.2 4.4 56.2 26.0 13.0 4.7 9.2 17.7 27.1 46.0 12.6 22.5 34.1 30.8 16.5 25.0 33.7 24.8 4.3 9.5 19.1 67.2 4.8 12.3 24.9 58.0 6.6 12.4 27.4 63.7 10.2 15.1 25.2 49.5 12.1 20.2 31.2 36.6 15.0 20.5 32.8 31.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 1 Includes the group This table shows that of the 699 estabhshments re- ported for the state in 1914, 41, or 5.9 per cent of the total number, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 33, or 4.4 per cent, in 1909, and 24, or 4.7 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these estabhshments employed an average of 1,506 wage earners, or 46 per cent of the total for the state, and reported 67.2 per cent of the total value of products and 49.5 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. There was a general increase at each successive census in value of products and value added by manufacture in the relative importance of '$1,000,000 and over." these large estabhshments, and a decrease in each of the other classes. In the same year the small estab- hshments — those having products valued at less than $5,000 — ^represented 51.5 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, but reported only 4.3 per cent of the total value of products and 10.2 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Table 12 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for four of the more important industries, a classification of estab- hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, sinodlar to that presented in Table 11 for all industries combined. Table 12 NUMBER OP ESTABLISH- MENTS. . AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. ^DUSTRT AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Bread and other bakery 58 67 100.0 100.0 205 146 100.0 100.0 $810,465 $600,621 100.0 100.0 $365,785 $254,706 100.0 100.0 T*.« th>»n fn^om 21 n 58 31 30 6 68 36.2 55.2 8.6 100.0 46.3 44.8 9.0 100.0 14 86 105 115 14 68 64 62 6.8 42.0 61.2 100.0 9.6 46.6 43.8 100.0 64,779 313,551 432,135 1,739,692 82,071 290,483 228,067 1,029,135 8.0 38.7 53.3 100.0 13.7 48.4 38.0 100.0 30,562 143,013 192,210 275,215 38,881 124,193 91,632 137,806 8.4 39.1 52.5 100.0 15.3 $5,000 to $20,000 48.8 $20,000 to $1,000,000 36.0 100.0 Less than $20,000 2 36 17 5 59 61 17 84 62.1 29.3 8.6 100.0 75.0 25.0 100.0 33 40 42 424 39 23 435 28.7 34.8 36.5 100.0 62.9 37.1 100.0 434,887 567,606 737,199 12,029,905 500,442 528,693 25.0 32.6 42.4 100.0 48.6 51.4 100.0 67,595 91,522 126,098 1,957,661 74,096 63,710 20.9 33.3 45.8 100.0 63.8 $20,000 to $100,000 46.2 Flour-mh.t. and gristmill 11,685,116 1,630,202 100.0 l«ss than $5,000 3 11 24 21 351 3 22 35 24 330 5.1 18.6 40.7 35.6 100.0 3.6 26.2 41.7 28.6 100.0 1 14 65 344 752 2 14 105 314 788 0.2 3.3 15.3 81.1 100.0 0.5 3.2 24.1 72.2 100.0 10,428 113,789 1,160,300 10,745,388 2,220,217 11,123 282,006 2,029,191 9,362,736 1,909,514 0.1 0.9 9.6 89.3 100.0 0.1 2.4 17.4 80.1 100.0 1,821 21,036 211,702 1,723,102 1,765,211 1,869 46,980 362,469 1,218,884 1,469,733 0.1 1.1 10.8 88.0 100.0 0.1 $5,000 to $20,000 2.9 120,000 to $100,000 22.2 $100,000 and over ' 74 8 Printing and publishing.. 100.0 I,es3 than $5,000 265 70 16 248 69 13 75.5 19.9 4.6 75.2 231 254 30.7 30.7, 32.2 Ml 661,716 560,468 599, .352 ^ 559,883 ^ 750,279 29.8 25.2 45.0 31.4 29.3 39.3 644,325 444, 794 776,092 489,456 439, 454 30.8 33.3 29.9 36.8 $5,000 to $20,000 120,000 to $1,000,000 1 540 824 1 a 1 ' Includes the group " $100,000 to $1,000,000." ' Includes the group "less than $5,000." ' Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 1140 MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows that, for the industries reporting establishments hav- ing products of less than $20,000 in value, the printing and publishing and bread and bakery industries show increases during the five-year period in value of products and in value added by manufacture, the former increasing also in number of establishments and the latter in the number of wage earners employed. For the industries reporting estabhshments having products valued at $20,000 and over, the butter and the printing and publishing industries show increases in each item, whole the flour-mill and gristmill in- dustry decreased slightly in number of estabhshments and in average number of wage earners but increased in value of products and value added by manufacture. Table 13 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 11 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found in the state as a whole, namely, a greater proportion of the value of products and the value added by manufacture for estabhshments in the group of $100,000 and over than in the other groups. In Fargo this class represented 55.6 per cent of the total value of products and 46 per cent of the total value added by manufacture for the city, and in Grand Forks the corresponding proportions were 65.7 and 59.4 per cent, respectively. In Fargo 28.9 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, 46.7 per cent of the wage earners, and 35.5 per cent of the value of products are shown for the group "$20,000 to $100,000"; and in Grand Forks, this group forms 31.2 per cent of the total number of establishments, 45.5 per cent of the average number of wage earners, and 27.4 per cent of the total value of products for the city. Table 13 i p 12; WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OP PKODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent ot total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 76 690 100.0 $3,006,043 100.0 $1,265,101 100.0 Less than $5,000 23 21 22 10 32 15 82 322 271 343 2.2 11.9 46.7 39.3 100.0 54,721 214,567 1,064,408 1,672,347 1,815,669 1.8 7.1 35.5 65.6 100.0 42,102 131,751 509,743 581,505 822,617 3.3 J5,000 to $20,000 10 4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Gkand Forks 40.3 46.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 9 9 10 4 14 38 156 135 4.1 11.1 45.5 39.4 26, 176 97,502 498,365 1,193,626 1.4 5.4 27.4 65.7 17,926 54,727 261,606 488,358 2.2 $5,000 to 120,000 6.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 31.8 59.4 Table 14 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the average number of wage earners em- ployed. The figures given are for all industries com- bined, for seven of the more important industries, and for the two cities having more than 10,000 inhab- itants.- Table 15 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 14, and for 1909, similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 14 TOTAL. establishments EMPLOYING — INDUSTRY AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners . (average num- ber). Estab- hsh- ments. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earn- ers. All industries 699 3,275 131 469 863 66 660 23 ■ 687 7 445 2 279 1 341 Bread and other bakery products 58 9 58 7 3 59 351 154 108 205 171 115 871 105 424 752 632 1,033 11 3' 39 1 52 78 4 74 7 6 2 59 79 15 1 1 68 60 Brick :.. 1 1 1 3 6 5 6 17 28 26 40 105 172 159 157 506 Butter Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames 3 211 2 279 1 341 Confectionery Vlonr-inill and gristmill products . 3 87 27 16 37 241 99 46 90 399 218 116 12 17 22 ■27 107 143 257 292 1 1 55 51 Printing and publishing All other industries Total for cities 2 119 Fargo. 76 32 690 343 15 1 29 17 82 34 19 8 193 99 12 5 347 159 1 1 68 51 Grand Forks Of the 699 estabhshments reported for all industries combined in the state, 131, or 18.7 per cent, employed no wage earners. These estabhshments were small and as a rule the work was done by the proprietors, firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. If wage earners were reported, the number was so small and the term of employment so short that in comput- ing the average, as described in the "Explp,natipn of Digitizeaby terms," the munber was less than one person, and the estabhshment was classed as having "no wage earn- ers." The small estabhshments — those employing from 1 to 5 wage earners — ^formed 67.1 per cent of the total for the state, and gave employment to 26.4 per cent of the total number of wage earners. The estab- hshments employing 50 or fewer wage earners consti- , tjuted 79.S,Dfir cent of the total number of establish- Microsott® MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. 1141 ments and gave employment to 67.6 per cent of the total nmnber of wage earners. There were only 10 establishments in the state having more than 50 wage earners and they gave employment to 1,065 wage earners, or 32.5 per cent of the total wage earners employed. / Table 15 INDUSTRY AND aiT . Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUM- BER or WAGE EAKNEK.S m ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUM- BER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTAB- LISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Itc5 6 to 20 21 to 50 61 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 26.4 34.3 20.2 23.4 21.0 25.3 13.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 10.4 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 21.2 26.7 63.1 64.7 34.5 39.7 11.2 25.2 32.2 19.0 19.3 40.7 37.8 28.3 40.6 29.2 21.1 26.0 24.8 22.5 49.0 13.0 12.0 6.8 38.0 63.0 2.3 6.9 64.3 100.0 28.8 15.8 46.2 47.9 13.0 "2i.'2 16.4 46.2 22.6 33.2 36.1 Total for cities Butter 11.5 4.6 9.1 100.0 80.6 24.2 37.6 32.0 63.3 39.2 Fargo Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. 11.9 9.9 28.0 28.9 60.3 46.4 9.9 14.9 19.4 . A comparison of the industries shown in this table brings out the.fact that in 1914 a majority of the wage earners engaged in the manufacture of butter and in printing and publishing were in establishments "that employed from 1 to 5 wage earners; whUe in the steam-raUroad repair shops, the majority of the wage earners were in estabhshments where more than 100 were employed. In Fargo 50.3 per cent of the wage earners were in establishments employing from 21 to 50 wage earners and in Grand Forks 46.4 per cent were in this group. Engines and power. — Table 16 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current). It also shows separately the num- ber and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by estabhshments reporting. Table 16 NUMBEB OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 1,036 749 290 15,062 13,196 9,873 100.0 100.0 100.0 438 135 294 9 598 598 442 169 265 8 307 307 290 147 1.36 7 m 11,124 9,627 1,198 299 3,938 3,866 82 12,004 10,170 1,304 530 1,192 1,164 28 9,586 8,619 645 322 287 281 6 73.9 63.9 8.0 2.0 26.1 25.6 0.5 91.0 77.1 9.9 4.0 9.0 8.8 0.2 97.1 Steam engines and turbines * 87.3 6.6 3.3 Rented. . . . 2.9 Electric '. 2.8 Other 0.1 Electric 660 598 62 335 307 28 14 m 14 4,800 3,856 944 1,698 1,164 534 477 281 196 '100.0 80.3 19.7 100.0 68.6 31.4 100.0 Rented 68 9 41.1 ' Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. This table shows that during the period from 1909 to 1914 the power of engines and other prime movers employed in the manufactures of the state increased 1,866 horsepower, or 14.1 per cent. This increase was due entirely to the increase in rented power, as each kind of owned power decreased. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 2.9 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented' power had increased to 9 per cent, and in 1914, to 26.1 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by cariffnl^&^^r^ii within the same establishments, although considerable, has not kept pace with that in rented power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same estabhshments represented 41.1 per cent of the total electric power in 1904, but decreased to 19.7 per cent in 1914. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 17 gives, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all , industries combined and for selected industries in the il/ffKafJDS^^-roaole, and for all industries combined in each of the two cities. 1142 MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. Table 17 COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels.). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). INDUSTRY AND OTY. COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels.). INBUSTBY AND CITY. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2.000 lbs.). Gas (im cubic feet). All industries 5,282 145, 871 1,371 3,280 2,221 Oas,illuT"'Ti5*tiPE and heating 10 707 226 963 16,504 1,912 2,333 22,230 542 45 665 374 1,224 782 210 11 1,508 294 Bread and other bakery products 303 2,800 174 1,437 12,147 3,704 43,287 64,547 219 23 403 All other inrtnptriAf! Brick Total for cities. Butter 349 6 686 16 -2,111 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Fargo. 70 893 12,542 9,688 336 38 11 1,709 402 1,062 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for three important in- dustries in North Dakota are here presented, and also statistics for power laimdries. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 18 gives the quantity and value of flour-miU and gristmill products for the last three census years. Table 18 1911 1909 1904 Total value - . . $12,029,905 $11,685,116 $6,463,228 Wheat flour: 2,165,078 $9,864,400 844 $4,037 445 $2,129 80,415 $1,594,885 13,575 $463,155 363,761 $18,480 $74,619 $8,200 1,825,920 $9,034,418 153 $581 1,626 $5,124 106,932 ■ $2,360,171 1,223,219 $5,513,554 50 Value.. . Eye flour: Barrels Value $300 Com meal and corn flour: Value Bran and middlings: Tons Value Feed and oflal: Tons , $945,076 Value Breakfast foods: Pounds Value... All other cereal products, value All other products, value $266,213 $18,609 $417 $3,881 In 1914 there were 59 estabUshments engaged in this industry, a decrease of 25 as compared with 1909. Wheat flour is the principal product and shows sub- stantial gains during the two five-year periods. The output of wheat increased 339,158 barrels, or 18.6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, and 602,701, or 49.3 per cent, from 1904 to 1909. Measured by value of products, wheat flour constituted 82 per cent of the total of the flour-miU and gristmiU industry for the state in 1914, 77.3 per cent in 1909, and 85.3 per cent in 1904. Bran and middlings and feed and offal were the next most important products, but represented only 17.1 per cent of the total value of the products of the industry in 1914. The equipment of the mills reported in 1914 consisted of 380 stands of rolls, 5 runs of stone, and 23 attrition mills. One establishment manufact£J|^/|^es^ j^id four manufactured sacks. Printing and publishing. — Table 19 shows the num- ber and aggregate circulation per issue for the different classes of newspaper and periodical publications for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 19 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily.' Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes. NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. 1914 2 315 10 2 1909 333 12 4 1 310 5 1 1904 9 2 3 212 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PEE ISSUE. 1914 457,595 74,660 267,275 115,660 1909 372,642 66,954 23,900 31,500 1904 245,711 31,008 5,060 175,513 19,630 14,500 For the five-year period from 1909 to 1914 the total number of publications increased by 8 and the aggre- gate circulation per issue increased 84,953, or 22.8 per cent. Weekly and semiweekly pubHcations had a circulation of 267,275, an increase of 6,987, or 2.7 per cent. Of the 341 newspapers and periodicals pub- lished in 1914, 315, or 92.4 per cent, were published weekly. There was a decrease of 2 each, in the daihes and Sundays from 1909 to 1914, and during the same period the circulation of both decreased. There was an increase both in the number and circulation of the monthly publications. The circulation of these are combined with 2 bimonthly publications in "all other," to avoid disclosure. The increase in circula- tion of this group was 84,160, or more than double, and it was practically hmited to the monthly pubHcations. All of the pubHcations were in the English language, except 17, aU weekHes, 11 of which were in English and German, 3 in German, and 3 in Norwegian, with a com- bined circulation of 35,273. Butter. — Table 20 gives the quantity and value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. There has been a steady increase in the amoimt of butter manufactured in the state at each successive census, but a slight decrease in the number of estab- Hshments engaged primarily in the industry. During the decade the output of butter increased from 3,013,151 pounds, valued at $556,408 in 1904, to /|l/^'(5/r©S©/i^)mds, valued at $1,506,492 in 1914, a gain of 93 per cent in quantity and 170.8 per cent in MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. 1143 value. Of the total quantity of butter manufactured in 1914, 77.7 per cent was packed solid and 22.3 per cent was put up in prints or roUs; the packed but- ter greatly exceeded that reported as prints or rolls at each census, in both quantity and value. Table 20 1914 1909 1904 $1,739,692 $1,029,135 $562, 481 Butter: Packed solid- 4,518,736 • $1,161,820 1,295,504 $344,672 307,547 $30,941 ■$202,259 2,873,519 $758,158 810,160 $225,197 3,348 $496 $47,284 2,657,328 $486,758 355 823 Value Prints or rolls- Pounds Value $70,650 120 Cream sold: Value $12 All other products, value ^ $6,061 1 Includes ice cream to the value of $134,805. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 21, however, sum- marizes these statistics for 1914 and 1909. In 1914 North Dakota ranked thirty-ninth among the states in amount received for work done and forty- second in number of persons engaged in the industry. In 1909 it ranked thirty-seventh and fortieth, respec- tively. Estabhshments owned by individuals re- ported $186,808, or 31.5 per cent of the amoimt re- ceived for work done; those owned by corporations, $229,293, or 38.7 per cent; and those under other forms of ownership, $176,742, or 29.8 per cent. Table 21 Numher of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUUDKIES. Number or amount. 1914 1909 30 34 478 503 31 39 38 30 409 434 725 606 $552,458 $444,817 242,805 208,492 34,852 20,366 207,953 188,126 2,155 5,466 13,884 13,562 142,804 102,412 592,843 548,175 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. -5.0 -5.8 19.6 24.2 16.4 71.1 10.5 -60.6 2.4 39.4 8.1 ■ A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. GENERAL TABLES. Table 22 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state ; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combiaed. Table 23 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and for the cities having more than 10,000 iahabitants, for all industries combined. Table 22.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1-914, 1909, AND 1904. mDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power, Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSntT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick- Butter.. Cars and general shop con- struction and repaus by steam-railroad compa- nies. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 752 507 3,275 2,789 1,755 205 146 171 188 117 115 871 463 146 105 98 65 63 40 15,062 13, 196 9,873 226 88 14 1,728 668 407 854 618 718 332 72 $2,416 1,787 1,031 121 84 44 101 746 340 102 50 38 51 41 26 $14,484 13,674 7,096 445 346 184 59 73 34 1,464 891 478 412 300 81 302 298 207 127 43 $21, 147 19, 138 10,218 810 601 311 270 287 170 1,740 1,029 562 1,235 680 202 443 455 321 258 91 Flour-mill and gristmill products. Gas, illuminating and heating. Mineral and soda waters. . Printing and publishing. . Saddlery and harness All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 59 84 56 9 6 4 24 26 16 351 330 229 10 19 102 123 77 424 435 312 52 28 10 56 63 36 752 788 515 371 357 390 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Fabgo. 1914 1909 690 510 1,275 274/ M^/©®oft(B).. 1914 1909 343 350 7,810 8,907 5,770 65 52 1,826 149 103 62 2,212 948 57 93 18 1,284 1,055 661 913 773 $330 283 200 13 6 35 38 21 547 533 313 63 53 28 250 230 193 810,072 10,055 5,463 109 78 34 121 133 44 455 440 274 462 86 564 471 412 $288 218 $12,030 11,685 6,463 273 199 102 282 304 156 2,220 1,910 422 683 151 1,101 1,047 900 $993 1,2B1 $1,816 1,910 1144 MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. Table 23.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, mDtrSTBY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEES0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and iirm mem- bers. ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age nmn- ber. Wage earners. Number, 15th day ot- Maximum month. Minimran month. WAGE EARNERS DF.r. 18, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Total. IS and over. Male. Fe- male, Under 16. Male Fe- male Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 All industries 699 4,627 603 257 356 136 3,275 Jy 3,625 Fe 2,954 (') (') m (') m 814,213,362 Artificial stone products •?, 10 6 68 9 58 5 7 6 3 3 9 69 17 9 6 7 24 20 331 6 308 17 10 18 30 27 23 296 189 178 20 931 131 124 7 86 699 106 74 84 32 99 176 1,128 71 1,040 17 113 51 184 11 7 58 3 22 5 3 6 33 21 2 2 7 20 14 336 6 321 9 9 19 25 ""2 9 9 17 1 1 16 6 13 1 ""s 1 11 14 13 205 171 115 15 871 109 105 4 66 424 76 52 69 21 56 127 625 38 687 Se Se< Je Jy Ap Jy 29 14 227 326 150 17 983 Fe< Mh Fe Fe< Au De 3 12 187 53 89 13 788 25 14 195 255 115 17 788 105 102 3 77- 462 70 50 67 19 51 140 665 38 627 25 14 141 255 112 17 786 38 36 2 77 462 70 49 67 19 49 107 537 32 505 53,884 49,943 535,688 1,039,399 757,057 51,273 1,879,058 279,329 254,954 24,375 263,642 4,040,709 270,368 832,894 198,166 118,835 279,074 403,904 2,148,364 107,762 2,007,386 33,216 586,110 50,205 375,460 s Automobile repairing 4 Bread and other bakery products Brick 53 1 6 Butter 1 2 7 Carriages, wagon's, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repaurs by steam-railroad com- panies. Confectionery and ice cream 8 9 29 4 4 28 13 13 3 2 2 67 66 1 2 in Confectionery Se< No Oo Au 1? Au< Au< De 127 5 87 486 95 76 84 26 70 140 De* Ja My Fe Mh Fe Ja Ja Jy 84 3 41 375 66 40 48 14 44 118 11 Ice cream 12 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products . Gas, illuminating and heatmg Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 7 62 3 7 8 2 10 15 49 5 42 2 10 1 13 14? 4 11 3 1 10 9 77 17 55 5 6 1 9 ■■■39' 2 2 2 1 3 11 41 6 36 1 1 1 7 13 14 in 1 Ifi 17 IS Mineral and soda waters 32 106 6 100 2 1 19 ■ '3' 19 ?0 Printing and publishing, job work only Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing •n No De 42 627 Ja Se 34 573 22 Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing 19 3 fA 88 29 130 Je No 98 32 De Oc 76 25 93 32 93 24 ?5 6 2 » CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Fabgo Grand Rapids . 914 462 343 755 404 Fe Fe 608 313 691 397 556 348 134 47 $2,969,781 1,346,733 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Canning, vegetables 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 2 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Corsets 1 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 Flax and hemp, dressed 4 Food preparations for animals and fowls 1 Fur goods 2 Furniture, wood, other than rattan and willow 1 Furs, dressed 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— NORTH DAKOTA. AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1145 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value- added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent ot factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $406,962 $479,003 $2,416,235 872,009 $116,463 $96,865 $13,957,277 $527,038 $21,147,431 $6,663,116 15,062 9,627 1,280 299 3,856 944 1 720 600 18,280 4,210 14,123 11,241 8,376 121, 183 101,446 93,368 1)2,326 745,900 52,195 49,887 2,308 50,916 329,859 61,478 28,591 52,773 16,530 35,428 94,932 451,678 22,349 429,329 41 664 14,622 250 272 5,777 3,918 3,379 516 1,725 2,041 1,886 155 1,521 30,545 1,887 8,939 2,451 974 1,868 2,778 16,954 655 16,092 207 3,240 4,991 2,830 27,678 13,204 422,776 12,251 1,444,369 9,000 301,355 318,590 299, 513 19,077 205,440 9,895,336 76,511 26,296 163,044 49,056 116,234 133,968 283,364 16,134 267, 166 64 272,170 28,334 158,301 175 1,463 21,904 46,708 20,108 1,187 110,261 3,177 2,789 388 1,685 176,908 5,242 83,087 3,831 668 4,497 4,225 33,449 891 32,558 48,245 36,651 810,465 270, 199 1,739,692 31,900 1,235,171 474,434 442,914 31,520 321,018 12,029,905 215,521 273,022 249, 144 92,466 282,300 415, 146 1,805,071 89, 144 1,603,954 111,973 421,973 69,964 325, 144 20,392 21, 984 365,785 211,240 275,215 21,; 71 3 823,555 152,667 140,612 12,055 113,893 1,957,661 133,768 163,639 82,269 42,742 161,569 276,953 1,488,253 72, 119 1,304,230 111,909 148,414 41,019 160,380 47 33 226 1,728 669 25 718 90 72 18 72 7,810 184 65 289 19 149 1,158 1,054 54 1,000 "i,'623' 404 "■"'643' 50 50 "6," 798" 20 40 147 35' 8" s' 40 31 19 69 100 6 2 ■ '26" 6 2 207 633 145 19 75 30 22 8 68 456 116 4' ■■"332' 32 32 """66S" ? 1,872 13,740 19,800 12,389 200 790 3 4 5 1,222 1,725 6 7 45,037 11,488 11,488 29,585 20,672 20,672 R 2,280 1,380 900 3,060 4,820 2,482 220 295 288 5,320 16,273 50,303 2,040 46,943 1,320 3,447 1,380 9,343 10 q in 10 4 286 48 25 15 4 13 5 596 2 694 "276' n 10,600 111,224. 7,950 9,371 15,420 ■3,000 13,521 23,373 72,367 4,980 65,937 1,450 18,080 960 16,770 10,668 226,676 5,246 9,286 4,586 1,800 9,860 23,136 84,286 10,808 67,694 5,784 7,940 1,352 5,977 1' 482 150 4,950 194 13 14 15 7" 7" 127 15 101 1,153 443 52 391 6 2 i' i' 16 17 1,255 2,259 54,387 18 19 20 ?I 10,691 43,696 22 62,715 17,673 67,627 1,389 611 6,463 67 7 50 ?4 25 6,120 669 456 2 211 26 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 I NHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $101,291 48,170 $110,383 69,538 $447, 155 288, 150 $22,085 1,124 $30,996 12, 112 $21,613 13,485 $1,655,913 924,286 $85,029 68, 766 $3,006,043 1,816,669 $1,266,101 822, 617 1,275 913 275 499 984 332 ' No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." * Same number reported tor one or more other months. Hand stamps 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Lookii^-glass and picture frames 1 Mattresses and sprmg beds 1 Optical goods 1 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Pickles and sauces 1 Sand-lime brick Tools, not elsewhere specified. Trunks and valises Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® OHIO. By W. W. Sawyer. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Ohio was admitted to the Union as a state in 1803. With a gross area of 41,040 square miles, of which 40,740 represents land surface, it ranks thirty-fifth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 4,157,545, and in 1910, 4,767,121, and its estimated population in 1914 was 5,026,898. In total population Ohio ranked fourth among the states in 1910 and in density of popula- tion it ranked eighth, with 117 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 102.1. The urban population of the state ia 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 2,665,143, or 55.9 per cent of the total, as against 48.1 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 9 cities having an estimated population of more than 50,000, as follows : Cleveland, 639,431; Cincinnati, 402,175; Columbus, 204,567; Toledo, 184,126; Dayton, 123,794; Youngstown, 93,341; Akron, 80,291; Canton, 57,426; and Spring- field, 50,058. There were also 34 cities with an esti- mated population of 10,000, but less than 50,000. These 43 cities, whose aggregate popxilation in 1914 formed 40.1 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 77.4 per cent of the state's manu- factured products. The industrial importance of Ohio is due in great measure to its nattiral resources. The value of the output of the mines, quarries, and wells, in 1914, as reported by the United States Geological Survey, was $101,661,384, the most important being bituminous coal, $21,250,642; natural gas, $14,667,790; and petro- leum, $13,372,729. The state ranked fourth in 1914 in total value of mineral products, first in output of clay products, fifth in quantity and fourth in value of coal, fourth in quantity and third in value of natural gas, and seventh in output of petroleum. Further- more, the splendid transportation facilities, both by rail and water, can not be overestimated. Lake Erie and the Erie Canal make a direct outlet to the Atlantic seaboard, while the western Great Lakes and the Sault Ste. Marie Canal furnish a water route to the North- western states. The Ohio River, which forms 436 miles of the southern boxmdary of the state, furnishes communication with Pennsylvania and the states of the Mississippi Valley. Two canals, one from Cleve- land to Portsmouth and the other from Toledo to Cin- cinnati, connect Lake Erie with the Ohio River. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 9,148 and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (th£)M^^jg^j(^M' which statistics are available) was 3,»52. Ohio is the sixth state in the mileage of steam railways and third in the mileage of electric railways. The total value of all farm crops in 1909 was $230,337,981, the most important products being cereals, $137,907,934; and hay and forage, $42,357,364. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The value of the state's manufactured products in 1914 was $1,782,808,279, the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 510,435, and the value added by manufacture, which is the best measure of the importance of manufacturing indus- tries, amounted to $762,026,264. In 1914 Ohio ranked fourth among the states in all three items, and fifth in 1909. The value of manufactured products in Ohio in 1914 represented 7.4 per cent of the total for the United States. The corresponding proportions for 1909 and 1904 Were 7 per cent and 6.5 per cent, re- spectively. The statistics in this report do not include the manu- facture of clothing, beddmg, and other articles at the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, located near Dayton, in Montgomery County. In 1914 this establishment employed an average of 172 wage earn- ers and turned out products valued at $152,782. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Ohio, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. This table brings out the fact that the manufacturing industries of Ohio show a lower rate of development dming the period 1909-1914 than during the preceding five-year period. There was an increase from 1909 to 1914, however, in every item, except proprietors and firm members and amount paid for contract work. The decrease of 1,095, or 7.4 per cent, in the num- ber of proprietors and firm members is probably due to the fact that some establishments under individual or firm ownership in 1909 were incorporated during the period between the censuses. The number of salaried employees increased by 34.9 per cent dur- ing the five-year period. The decrease of 19.1 per cent in the amount paid for contract work is no indi- cation of a depression in any industry, because the expenditure for such work depends upon the methods used and not upon the magnitude of the operations. The percentages of increase for average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by /|t^^^a(gi^g)]^fc@for Ohio for the period 1909-1914 were 14.2, 24, and 24.2, respectively, whereas the corre- (1147) 1148 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. sponding percentages for the United States were only 6.4, 17.3, and 15.8, respectively. Thus the state's increase in wage earners was more than twice as great proportionally as that for the United States as a whole, and its increases in value of products and value added by manufacture were about one-third greater. Table 1 MANUFACTUKINQ INDUSTKIES. 1914 1909 1904 1899 PEE CENT OF INCREASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members .- Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials .■ Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) $1 677! 424 105: 317; 5, 37, 020, 782, 762, 15,658 606, 807 13,624 82,748 510,435 002,780 551,633 188,649 264,836 923,813 437,438 433,863 782,015 808,279 026,264 16,138 523,004 14, 719 61,351 446,934 1,583,155 81,300,732,732 317,597,403 72,147,499 245,449,904 6,717,474 29,413,298 824,201,947 1,437,935,817 613,733,870 13,785 417,946 13,657 39,991 364,298 1,116,932 $856,988,830 225,864,293 43,434.868 182,429,425 5,377,027 3 8,016,126 527,636,585 960,811,857 433,175,272 13,868 28,109 308, 109 783,665 1570,908,968 164,579,020 28,151,441 136,427,679 409,302,501 748,670,855 339,368,354 3.4 9.8 -0 6 16.0 25.1 7.8 53.4 -7.4 .34.9 42.3 14.2 22.7 18.2 26.5 41.7 42.5 29.0 51.8 50.1 33.6 40.6 37.2 45.9 66.1 54.3 29.5 34.5 33.7 14 1 24.9 i!7.3 23.8 56.2 28.9 24.0 49.7 28.3 24.2 41.7 27.6 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z All industries.. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Automobiles, including bodies and parts Iron and steel, blast furnaces Slaughtering and meat packing Printing and publishing Flour-mill and gristmillproducts . . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Boots and shoes, includingcutstock and findings Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Bread and other bakery products. . . Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Tobacco manufactures Clothing, men's, including shirts Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Copper,tin, andsheet-iron products. Paper and wood pulp Clothing, women's Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Paint and varnish Butter, cheese, and condensed milk . Glass Agricultural implements Furniture and refrigerators Carriages and wagons and materials. Coflee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Cars, steam-raUToad, not including operations of railroad companies. . Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished Chemicals Petroleum, refining Tin plate and temeplate Liquors, distilled Confectionery Iron and steel, wrought pipe Canning and preserving CENSUS or 1914. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 15,658 70 1,379 54 102 33 169 1,783 649 119 73 1,634 101 1,188 961 257 76 48 170 105 95 286 39 59 213 341 28 29 7 7 18 132 5 135 Wage earners. Average number. 510,435 46,397 73, 103 21,705 18:752 5,786 3,619 18,070 2,363 27,334 12,695 14,674 21,639 7,665 6,340 11,921 13,282 10,758 1,623 7,448 5,430 9,775 8,575 2,107 1,480 10,997 5,464 7,831 5,997 822 1,605 2,017 1,519 953 332 3,149 2,285 2,507 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 $1,782,808,279 9.1 14.3 4.3 3.7 1.1 0.7 3.5 0.4 5.4 2.5 4.2 1.6 1.0 2.3 2.6 2.1 0.3 1.4 1.1 1.9 1.7' 0.4 0.3 2,2 1.1 1.5 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.8 Value of products. Amount. 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 54; a minu can not be given. 205,023,391 178,865,069 109,658,605 85,710,585 72,969,368 66,674,379 65,608,924 45,171,200 38,667,374 36,120,978 33,641,705 33,286,205 30,660,881 31,990,274 31,852,694 28,467,079 27,621,829 27,346,187 25,059,351 23,284,192 22,881,753 19,981,599 19,326,576 19,325,977 19,191,342 17,484,615 16,687,466 16,192,449 13,312,493 11,796,726 11,627,916 11, 388, 140 11,169,189 10,826,098 10, 683, 652 10, 133, 602 9,367,681 8,951,383 - denote; Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 $762,026,264 11.5 10.0 6.2 4.8 4.1 3.7 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Value added by manufacture. Amount. 66,346,900 101,352,064 50,921,129 30,380 088 12,230,844 6,993,.279 38,538,944 6,213,814 26,491,419 18,638,730 13,768,680 17,232,484 13,265,708 22,799,792 13,835,983 16,650,307 13,865,495 7,311,430 10,609,552 7,174,918 10,791,914 11,566,412 7,987,354 3,357,766 12,145,665 9,674,830 9,258,295 7,631,487 3,128,109 3,237,432 3,121,663 4,662,147 1,244,744 1,383,355 8,695,341 4,053,093 3,215,372 3,064,175 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 8.6 13.3 6.7 4.0 1.6 0.9 6.1 0.8 3.5 2.4 1.8 1.7 3.0 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.0 0.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 LO 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.2 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 PER CENT OP INCREASE.l Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 14.2 20.2 12.8 109.1 54.6 -20.7 17.3 14 7 -8.6 14.0 67.3 -8.4 4.4 28.3 22.6 -11.4 6.2 8.1 49.3 12.9 16.2 10.5 17.9 37.3 38.7 8.2 -8.9 -4.9 -32.0 7.9 26.4 -U.8 78.2 -8.4 41.0 -11.2 26.3 111.4 24.8 1904- 1909 22.7 39.0 22.3 115.6 345.6 34.2 33.3 13.7 -4 3 6.0 57.9 14.2 21.7 12.8 15.5 -0.8 13.0 38.5 16.7 66.2 20.3 38.6 11.8 38.2 118.7 29.5 6.0 -5.1 -20.1 8.7 10. J 17. ( 10.. -12.' -40. 42. 63. -6.3 1899- 1904 18 2 0.4 5.7 37.4 3,065.1 -10 29.8 4 9 15.7 31.4 3.5.5 47.6 50.5 11.2 -17.8 10.3 0.8 20.5 48.5 22.0 32.4 31.9 25.4 72.5 -17.4 29.0 -5.4 -12.7 14' 16.: Value of products. 1909- 1914 24.0 3.7 22.6 103.4 120.7 -12.8 31.2 33.5 -6.1 26.6 92.4 6.6 16.0 32.8 26.3 -7.9 -1.5 11.1 152.3 31.3 37.2 17.4 301 41.9 99.4 33.7 21.1 2.6 -26.2 18.6 82.9 14. 47. 3. 37. -11. 38. 174. 92. 1904:- 1909 49.7 76.6 40.6 237.7 510.9 104.8 74.3 33.0 17.7 18.9 70.4 22.6 33.9 47.1 17.2 5.1 41.1 28.5 37.9 102.7 64.8 52.2 50.7 59.6 111.0 59.1 12.0 17.6 -8.6 12.7 16.5 55.5 68.7 -1.8 1899- 1904 28.3 13.6 17.3 117.8 4,284.8 1.2 40.4 3L4 16.5 110.6 69.4 65.1 58.7 19.6 0.3 20.6 11.7 9.7 75.1 67.5 64.7 -24.8 55.1 30.5 3.8 27.2 20.6 98.5 -7.8 46.3 5.3 70.2 40.5 25.7 28.4 30.4 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 24.2 11.6 24.7 137.^ 49.5 -19.9 8.3 29.5 -7.8 21.2 6L4 8.5 28.4 23.2 19.5 42.0 21.5 -6.4 -1.7 16.0 185.0 42.1 18.3 17.3 27.7 58.3 67.5 25.6 19.1 2.7 -27.6 6.1 43.5 29.7 55.7 -52.3 88.4 -8.4 25.9 252.7 96.0 -13. 1904- 1909 41.7 73.3 37.4 274 2 4340 82.2 68.0 31.4 28.9 13.7 82.8 18.0 23.8 41.9 19.8 -3.7 29.6 27.0 72.1 83.3 26.2 52.6 46.4 88.7 132.1 56.2 12.8 8.9 -5.5 8.4 1899- 1904 27.6 19.9 123.0 4,376.5 -60.2 39.2 34.3 2.7 110 54. { 59.8 48.6 12.2 -3.,2 14 4 20.0 -17.8 87.6 73.3 81.6 3. 17. 88. -20. -24.' 31.! 3.3 14.6 87.9 -9.0 51.3 4.9 104.4 89.7 45.7 6.4 48.1 14.2 340 36.0 Vr^Jfized WfMfcrmdftW itted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figurw MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1149 Table 2— Continued. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Hosiery and knit goods Paper goods, notelsewliere specified Brass, bronze, and copperproducts. , Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations rertUizers Iron and steel forgings, not made in ' steel works or rolling mills Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Leather goods Marble and stone work Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Shipbuilding, including boat build- Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works and rolling mills Sewing machines and attachments. Safes and vaults : Ice cream .• Boxes, fancy and paper Oil, linseed Cooperage and wooden goods, not - elsewhere specified Kooflng materials.". Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies . Signs and advertising novelties Musical instnnnents, pianos and organs and materials Pavmg materials Wirework, including wire rope and cable Mattresses and spring beds Furnishing goods, men's Pumps, not including power pumps Screws, machine Ice, manufactured Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Bags, paper Springs, steel, car and carriage Ink, printing Oil, not elsewhere specified Fls^s, banners, ' regalia, society badges and emblems Carriages and sleds, children's Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electrio-railroad companies Lime Woo^, turned and carved Cordage and twine and jute goods . . Salt Stationery goods, not elsewhere Coke, not including gas-hou.se coke. Awnings, tents, and sails Cement Sugar, beet Mineral and soda waters Artificial stone products Millinery and lace goods Toys and games Clocks and watches, including cases and materials Liquors, vinous Wall plaster Brashes Explosives , Gas, illuminating ^nd heating Hoose-furmshing goods, not else- where specified Wool, shoddy Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies Jewelry Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool All other industries CENSUS OF 1914. 38 29 84 252 24 29 81 187 213 52 29 15 3 10 160 49 15 5 as 7 3 202 403 30 Wage earners. Average nvunber. 3,411 2,269 2,277 1,032 1,005 2,308 3,199 1,743 2,623 1,832 2,879 2,365 1,925 1,760 816 2,456 150 1,516 715 916 1,372 1,745 1,957 810 934 2,368 1,014 1,464 1,277 1,252 752 646 819 254 138 1,074 1,267 1,879 1,416 985 560 813 708 489 615 849 282 675 964 911 1,103 1,305 186 628 677 311 320 523 442 477 400 431 36, 166 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 O.S 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 m 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 (') 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7.1 Value of products. Amount. $8,654,103 8, 148, 166 7,843,092 7,734,181 7,246,998 6,752,467 6,611,697 5,717,732 5,263,992 4,899,095 4,716,787 4,651,422 4,508,758 4,337,430 4, 060, 322 3,957,939 3,945,968 3,905,812 3, 694, 163 3,561,045 3,544,686 3,507,263 3,434,651 3,426,908 3,296,867 3, 277, 182 3,275,186 3,134,302 2,966,388 2,931,383 2,893,011 2,773,666 2,763,637 2,676,950 -2,604,870 2,426,231 2,385,584 2,334,349 2,284,105 2,231,973 2,197,204 2,174,425 2,166,814 2, 130, 707 2, 111, 574 2,051,307 2,003,699 1,946,139 1,917,919 1,908,700 1,800,050 1,713,618 1,544,399 1,439,009 1,431,826 1,430,266 1,353,121 1, 277, 115 1,265,096 1,215,913 1,040,277 124,516,683 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7.0 Value added by manufacture. Amount. $3,621,678 3,950,785 3, 663, 547 4,715,814 2,619,304 2,815,031 4,660,899 •2,244,835 3, 214, 875 2, 299, 426 2, 808, 207 2,049,698 1, 901, 461 2,854,552 1,925,935 1, 973, 707 315, 908 1,399,245 1, 686, 715 1,304,833 1, 807, 190 1,871,769 2,784,008 1,267,406 1,429,362 1,182,573 1, 873, 162 1,906,898 2,258,393 1,672,652 1, 297, 217 1,061,732 1,223,167 1,409,603 787,494 1,402,094 1,305,480 1,308,178 1,628,367 997, 858 838, 166 992,996 1,268,311 550, 169 860, 671 1,221,244 1, 174, 270 1,143,546 1,182,816 912, 998 1,109,661 1, 129, 166 747,361 943,629 812, 417 466,905 952,045 434, 736 533, 459 565,546 861,622 544,437 466,816 58,222,716 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 m 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7.6 PEE CENT OF INCREASE. 1 Wage earners (average number) . 1909- 1914 8.3 11.2 2.0 14.0 19.5 15.3 13.4 -7.8 25.4 27.5 -15.4 -12.6 -2.9 -29.2 -8.8 67.1 24.8 26.2 5.2 3,394.6 -44.3 -2.8 13.0 351.9 43.2 0.6 -20.2 16.0 157.5 38.8 -12.1 -14 9 22.4 42.6 11.2 -18.6 -29.2 25.5 -27.9 56.9 -4.3 25.8 19.0 -32.9 186.0 -10.4 24.8 141.7 59.3 -13.1 -40.2 -12.1 19.4 -7.7 34.0 33.3 6.2 1904^ 1909 26.5 -0.4 50.3 -13.5 71.6 46.3 14.3 -21.6 -33.7 117.1 20.0 45.2 200.0 -3.5 67.8 -4.1 -16.7 5.5 44.9 143.1 -26.0 71.5 7.0 111.2 J6.6 36.6 12.1 12.7 -4.7 778.7 41.6 0.1 -26.1 20.2 113.0 117.7 62.7 19.4 2.2 186.4 197.6 2.1 -16.0 -12.4 -44.4 -16.4 -70.3 -0.6 ■ 2.8 32.7 140.0 16.3 1899- 1904 75.4 175.4 12.9 20.4 22.5 55.5 2.9 44.7 -7.4 62.2 18.2 -51.7 -4.3 178.2 186.6 50.3 344.6 73.9 18.3 87.4 121.1 32.4 15.0 38.0 -34.5 1.7 -20.5 16.3 34.7 -5.0 21.6 61.2 17.0 Value of products. 1909- 1914 34.5 29.2 19.3 32.0 63.4 67.0 31.3 15.8 37.5 -16.9 -25.7 21.0 11.7 9.1 12.2 0.2 83.8 36.7 -9.7 1,670.8 -6.1 3.6 19.3 447.7 38.1 -3.1 27.0 20.9 332.1 44.9 31.4 -13.9 2.7 41.1 44.1 -7.1 -18.2 21.6 -10.7 163.5 53.7 44.2 43.6 41.3 -30.1 148.6 -8.7 38.0 83.3 26.6 -16.3 -53.5 -8.3 7.6 11.1 0.8 19.5 29.4 1904^ 1909 60.9 68.7 96.4 42.3 41.2 -9.3 -20.9 177.5 49.1 'ii'i' 70.4 51.1 -1.2 23.9 6.9 6.6 43.8 44.0 -24.6 86.5 21.3 121.7 68.2 44.6 29.7 34.1 8.4 883.1 21.4 11.1 -16.1 54.7 182.6 228.6 -2.9 42.0 209.0 360.4 6.0 -2.3 -9.8 -6.7 -36.0 97.3 1.5 34.9 92.2 58.2 25.2 1899- 1904 152,2 47.6 46.0 52.2 38.1 46.1 19.4 69.0 22.8 40.2 ■37.5 20.2 18.8 37.8 37.4 7.9 34.1 -12.6 -27.7 103.; 51.6 -23.0 239.1 153.! 135.5 248.'2' 15.8 -42.1 7.6 110.9 51.6 9.1 -6.6 1,868.0 30.1 -12.1 108.7 40.1 -74.6 110.4 26.7 -30.9 9.9 42.8 1.6 27.4 66.6 38.6 22.4 -16.2 -24.4 -36.1 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 60.6 106.0 -18.3 2.0 13.4 -2.7 354.0 32.4 -3.7 4.4 40.7 254.2 28.4 0.4 -7.6 9.5 47.0 59.3 -28.6 12.6 38.5 -11.8 160.7 61.2 47.6 21.2 34.6 -28.9 185.3 -22.4 27.5 88.4 36.7 -24.1 -57.7 -31.6 3.5 -10.6 35.5 27.7 22.0 1904^ 1909 41.9 34.4 68.6 -24.4 110.4 20.2 -17.2 23.4 69.0 'ie.'s' 46.3 79.8 225.1 -14.6 84.4 28.9 112.7 35.3 20.4 49.6 22.9 16.9 660.7 27.4 21.3 1.6 42.0 209.3 137.1 215.1 317.2 26.0 -9.0 -23.5 8.3 -35.0 81.2 77.0 43.6 50.0 116.9 3.2 1899- 1904 134.8 63.4 43.7 54.6 41.1 47.1 40.4 62.5 27.6 121.1 34.6 17.3 26.5 147.2 177.9 128.3 340.8 107.9 45.1 -68.4 168.3 174.7 57.4 -24.5 15.8 28.2 -23.9 37.5 16.4 72.7 2.0 13.8 -27.4 21.5 14.2 ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 54; a miniuL^ign 67) denotm decreasi can not be given. 3 gl - ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Vf^Wzed ^fMicf&soM ;ted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures 1150 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Separate statistics are presented for 101 industries, or industry groups, for which products valued at more than $1,000,000 were reported for 1914. These indus- tries include 7 with products exceeding $50,000,000 in value; 12 with products between $25,000,000 and $50,000,000; 17 with products between $10,000,000 and $25,000,000; 11 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000; and 54 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are the following, which have products ex- ceeding in value some for which figures are presented in the table: Babbitt metal and solder; bags, other than paper; cash registers and calculating machines; cloth- ing, horse; firearms and amm\mition; galvanizing; loco- motives, not made by railroad companies; matches; cottonseed oil and cake; enameled oilcloth; oleomar- garine; scales and balances; sUk goods; soap; waste; wire; wool pulling; and woolen, worsted, and felt goods. Statistics for these can not be shown sepa- rately without the possibihty of disclosing the opera- tions of individual estabhshments. More than one-half of the value of the manufactured products of the state is represented by the first IQ in- dustries shown in the preceding table, but there are a large number of others which are of considerable im- portance. It wiU be seen from Table 55 that there is a wide diversity in the manufactures of the state, since of the 353 classifications shown for the United States in 1914, 291 were represented in Ohio. The leading industries of the state are steel works and rolling mills, foundries and machine shops, rubber goods, and auto- mobiles, the first three of which in 1914 reported products in excess of $100,000,000 each in value. The industries in this table are arranged in th« order of their importance as measured by value of products, but would vary considerably if based on average num- ber of wage earners, or value added by manufacture. Steel works and rolling mills and foundries and ma- chine shops, ranking first and second, respectively, in value of products, were second and first, respectively, in both average ntunber of wage earners and value added by manufacture. A marked variation in these items appears for iron and steel, blast furnaces; slaughtering and meat packing; and flour-mill and gristmill products. Iron and steel, blast furnaces ranked fifth in value of products, twentieth in average number of wage earners, and fifteenth in value added by manufacture; slaughtering and meat packing held sixth place in value of products, but only twenty- fourth in number of wage earners and twenty-sixth in value added by maniaf acture ; and flotir-mill and gristmill products ranked eighth in value of products, and thirty-third and twenty-seventh, respectively, in number of wage earners and value added by manufac- ture. Printing and publishing, seventh in value of products and average number of wage earners, was fom-th in value added by manufactu^'o/f/^g^ bV In rank according to value of products, there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, steel works and rolling mills, foimdiies and machine shops, and printing and publishing held the same rank at both censuses. Automobiles, including bodies and parts, advanced from eighth place in 1909 to fourth in 1914, while iron and steel, blast furnaces, slaughter- ing and meat packing, flour-mUl and gristmill products, and boots and shoes, ranking third, fifth, sixth, and tenth, respectively, in 1909, were fifth, sixth, eighth, and eleventh, respectively, in 1914. Electrical ma- chinery, apparatus, and supphes advanced from twen- tieth place in 1909 to tenth in 1914, whereas lumber and timber products dropped from ninth place in 1909 to fifteenth in 1914. Tobacco manufactures and men's clothing ranked twelfth and fifteenth, respectively, in 1909, but only sixteenth and seventeenth, respectively, in 1914. The changes in rank are affected somewhat by the inclusion in the table of "rubber goods, not elsewhere specified," in 1914, and by reason of the fact that the estabhshments engaged in the manufactiu'e of brick and tde and of pottery products were reclassified at the census of 1914, and are shown combined in the table, in order to present comparative figures for the manufacture of clay products for the different censuses. Iron and steel.-Steel works and rolling miUs and blast furnaces may be grouped, for convenience of pre- sentation, with the tin-plate and temeplate industry. The three allied industries combined gave employ- ment in 1914 to an average of 53,136 wage earn- ers, and turned out products valued at $288,818,857, or 10.4 per cent and 16.2 per cent of the respective totals for all manufactures in the state. These figures represent an increase over 1909 in the aver- age number of wage earners of 6,579, or 14.1 per cent, and in value added by manufacture of $4,415,472, or 5.9 per cent, but a decrease in the value of products of $549,791, or two-tenths of 1 per cent. While there were increases in average mmaber of wage earn- ers, value of products, and value added by manufact- ure in the steel works and rolling miUs and the tin- plate and temeplate branches of the industry, in the blast furnace branch there was a decrease of 1,509, or 20.7 per cent, in average number of wage earners, $10,729,870, or 12.8 per cent, in value of products, and $3,043,672, or 19.9 per cent, in value added by manufacture. The plating of sheet metal with tin or with teme (a mixture of lead and tin) is treated as a separate indus- try, notwithstanding the fact that nearly all the estab- lishments so engaged roU aU or a portion of the plates dipped. Measured by value of products, in 1914 Ohio ranked second among the states in the combined indus- tries, and also in each of the two leading branches, and third in tin plate and temeplate, contributing 22.3 per cent of the total value reported in 1914 for aU steelworks A//*®ffOS©^l#iUs m the United States, 23 per cent for MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1151 all blast furnaces, and 15.8 per cent for all tin-plate and temeplate mills. The corresponding percentages for the respective branches in 1909 were 20.1 per cent, 21.4 per cent, and 16.4 per cent, respectively. Foundry and mmhine-shof products. — The statistics presented for this classification cover products of great diversity, embracing not only the output of general foundries and machine shops, but also that of estab- lishments engaged in automobile repairing, where re- pairs partake of the character of machine-shop work; the manufacture of bells; cast-iron and cast-steel pipe; steam and gas engines; gas machines and gas and water meters; hardware; saddlery hardware; power pumps; plumbers' supplies; steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus; and structural iron- work, not made in steel works or rolling mills. The statistics for nine branches of the industry are shown separately for 1914 in Table 55. The foundry and machine-shop industry in its broadest sense is of greater importance in the state than is indicated by the statistics presented under this specific title, for the rea- son that some machine shops manufactxmng special products, such as cash registers and calcidating ma- chines; cutlery and tools; electrical machinery; files; firearms ; iron and steel bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets ; doors and shutters; locomotives; sewing machines; stoves and fxunaces ; vaidt lights and ventilators ; and washing machines and clothes wringers, have been assigned to other classifications. The foundry and machine-shop industry gave employment to an aver- age of 73,103 wage earners in 1914, which Was 14.3 per cent of the total reported for all manufactures, and was the largest niunber shown for any of the industries specified in the table; it represented an increase of 8,286, or 12.8 per cent, over the number reported for 1909. During the same period the value of products increased $33,018,421, or 22.6 per cent, and value added by manufacture, $20,075,301, or 24.7 percent. Bvhher goods. — ^This classification covers the manu- facture of rubber tires, clothiog, mats, type, springs, tubing, brushes, bands, etc. Ohio held first rank among the states in the manufacture of rubber goods, both in 1914 and 1909, the value of products for the mdustry in the state representing 49 per cent of the total value of products for the industry for the United States in 1914 and 42 per cent in 1909. In 1914 the industry gave employment to an average of 21,705 wage earners, an increase of 11,323, or 109.1 per cent, over the mmiber reported for 1909, while the value of products increased $55,748,074, or 103.4 per cent, and value added by manufacture, $29,453,013, or 137.2 per cent, during the same period. As measured by value of products, the manufacture of rubber goods ranked third in 1914 and fourth in 1909 among the in- dustries of the state. The growth of this industry during recent years is due principally to the increased demand for rubber tires, the value of which repre- Digitized sented the greater part of the total value of products reported for the industry in 1914. AutomdbUes, including bodies and parts. — In addi- tion to the articles named in the industry designation, this classification includes the manufacture of auto- mobile accessories ; this branch of the industry, how- ever, is to a considerable extent interwoven with other industries. A number of the foundries and machine shops and establishments engaged in the manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies and in brass and bronze products incidentally manufacture automobile accessories and parts, while, as already stated, a number of establishments classified under the head of " rubber goods, not elsewhere specified " manu- factm-e automobile tires. In 1914, as in 1909, Ohio ranked second among the states in the manufacture of automobiles, although the proportion which the state contributed of the total value of products for the indus- try in the United States was slightly less in 1 9 14 than in 1909, being 13.5 per cent and 15.6 per cent, respectively. There was an increase of 6,622, or 54.6 per cent, in the average mmaber of wage earners employed from 1909 to 1914, while the value of products increased $46,871,831, or 120.7 per cent, and value added by manufacture, $10,063,332, or 49.5 per cent, during the same period. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^Under this head are included wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments and those engaged in the manufacture of sausage exclusively. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the value of products for this industry showed an increase of $15,870,278, or 31.2 per cent, while the average number of wage earners employed increased 533, or 17.3 per cent. The industry devel- oped more rapidly, however, during the period 1904- 1909 than during either the preceding or later census periods. Printing and puhlisTiing. — This classification in- cludes estabUshments engaged in job printing; the printing and pubhshing of books, newspapers, and periodicals, and of music; bookbinding and blank- book making; steel engraving and plate printing; and lithographing. The industry as a whole shows an in- crease in value of products of $13,951,618, or 33.5 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, only slightly more than that for the preceding five-year period. Fhur-miU and gristmill products. — ^This classifica- tion includes all merchant nuUs grinding wheat, com, rye, or other grains. It does not, however, include factories making fancy cereal foods as a chief product. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the number of estabhshments in the industry decreased 24, or 3.6 cent, the average number of wage earners, 222, or 8.6 per cent, while the decrease in value of products was $2,922,153, or 6.1 per cent. Notwithstanding these decreases, Ohio ranked fifth among the states in this industry, as measured by value of products, both in 1909 and 1914. by Microsoft® 1152 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Brick, tile, pottery, and other day products. — At the censuses of 1909, 1904, and 1899 the statistics for clay- products were shown separately for "brick and tile" and "pottery, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products," but in 1914 the estabhshments were classified differently and included under the headings "brick and tile, terra- cotta, and fire-clay products" and " pottery." For the combined industry, Ohio ranked first among the states in 1914, contributing 22.2 per cent of the total value of products of the industry in the United States; the cor- responding proportions for 1909 and in 1904 were 18.1 per cent and 19 per cent, respectively. In 1914 the total value of products for the combined industry was $38,667,374, an increase over 1909 of $8,136,372, or 26.6 per cent, and over 1904 of $12,980,504, or 50.5 per cent. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. — The rapid advance in the use of electricity in science and industry has created a great demand for electrical machinery and appliances of all sorts. The industry in Ohio shows remarkable development during the last decade, the value of products having increased over threefold and the average number of wage earners more than doubled. The increase in value of prod- ucts of 92.4 per cent over 1909 is an indisation of the rapid advance the state has made in recent years in the manufacture of electrical machinery. Measured by value of products, this industry ranked tenth among the manufacturing industries of the state in 1914, hav- ing advanced from twentieth place in 1909. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. — Of the 73 establishments included imder this classifi- cation in 1914, 62 were engaged primarily in the manufacture of boots and shoes, giving employment to 14,461 wage earners and tiirning out products amounting to $32,773,922. Although there was a de- crease from 1909 to 1914 of 1,352, or 8.4 per cent, in the average number of wage earners employed, the value of products increased $2,090,748, or 6.6 per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs iy steam-railroad companies. — This industry represents the work done in car shops of steam-railroad compa- nies and consists principally of repairs to the rolling stock and equipment of the companies, although there may be some new construction of rolling stock. The statistics exclude minor repairs in roundhouses. As measured by value of products, the growth of the industry was less during the five-year period 1909-1914 than during either of the preceding five-year periods. In 1914 employment was given to 21,639 wage earners, this being the fifth largest number reported by any of the industries of the state specified in the table and representing an increase of 87.6 per cent over the num- ber reported in 1899 and 27.1 per cent for the decade. Liquors, malt. — Although the number of establish- ments reported for this industry in 1914 was smaller by four than the mmiber in 1909, the average number of wage earners increased 984, or 22.6 per cent, the value of products $6,658,215, or 26.3 per cent, and value added by manufacture $4,030,833, or 21.5 per cent. The percentage of increase was greater for all items for the period 1909-1914 than for either of the earUer census periods. Lumber and timber products. — This industry em- braces not only logging operations, sawmills, and planing nulls, but also establishments engaged in the manufacture of wooden packing boxes and window and door screens and weather strips. The industry as a whole was practically at a standstill at the census of 1909, the increase at that census over 1904 being only 5.1 per cent, while from 1909 to 1914 there were decreases as follows: Number of establishments, 202, or 14.5 per cent; average nmnber of wage earners, 1,535, or 11.4 per cent; and value of products, $2,744,375, or 7.9 per cent. Tobacco manufactures. — The statistics for this indus- try in Ohio include the manufacture of chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff, and of cigars. Of the 961 estabhshments reporting, 937 were cigar factories, but the value of their products represented only about 40 per cent of the total for the combined industry. From 1909 to 1914 there was a decrease in the value of products of $440,190, or 1.5 per cent, while for the decade 1904-1914 there was an increase of $7,978,557, or 38.9 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN M ANUFACTtJEINQ INDUSTBIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. r Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 606,807 523,004 512,621 439,811 94,186 83,193 84.5 84.1 16.5 16.9 32,582 31,213 31,622 30,341 960 872 97.1 97.2 2.9 2.8 Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers oJ corporations Superintendents and managers.... Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 13,624 14, 719 7,114 6,371 11,844 10,123 63,790 44,857 510,435 446,934 13,001 14,141 6,946 6,268 11,676 9,942 46,367 34,101 434,642 376,369 623 578 169 113 168 181 17,433 10,756 75,793 71,565 95.4 96.1 97.6 98.2 98.6 98.2 72.7 76.0 85.2 84.0 4.6 3.9 2.4 1.8 1.4 1.8 27.3 24.0 14.8 16.0 508,693 441,690 1,742 5,244 433,325 372,694 1,317 2,676 76,368 68,996 426 2,569 85.2 84.4 75.6 51.0 14.8 15.6 24.4 49.0 Under 16 years of age Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1153 In 1914 there were 606,807 persons engaged in the manufactures of the state of whom 510,435, or more than four-fifths, were wage earners, 32,582 were pro- prietors and officials, and 63,790 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 433,325, or more than four- fifths, were males, and 75,368, or less than ohe-sixth, were females. The largest number of females were employed as wage earners, but of the classes pre- sented, that of clerks and other subordinate salaried employees shows the largest proportion. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for indi- vidual industries will be found in Table 55. . Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and flnn members Sa^ed officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and otber subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED DI MANUFACTXTEING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 16.0 4.4 -7.4 11.7 17.0 42.2 14.2 15.2 Male. 16.6 4.2 -8.1 11.0 17.4 35.9 15.8 16.3 -50.8 Female. 13.2 10.1 7.8 49.6 -7.2 62.1 5.9 9.2 -83.5 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 5.4 2.2 1.2 2.0 10.5 84.1 83.8 0.3 100.0 6.0 2.8 1.2 1.9 8.6 85.4 84.4 1.0 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 6.2 2.5 1.4 2.3 9.0 84.8 84.5 0.3 100.0 6.9 3.2 1.4 2.3 7.8 85.3 84.7 0.6 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.2 18.5 80.5 80.0 0.5 100.0 1.0 0.7 0.1 0.2 12.9 86.0 82.9 3.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. This table shows increases for the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees with the exception of proprietors and firm members and for wage earners under 16 years of age. The largest per- centage of decrease is shown for the latter class, but the proportion which this class formed of the total number of wage earners was only three-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and 1 per cent in 1909. The decrease in proprietors and firm members is referred to in connec- tion with Table 1. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners over 16 years of age represented 83.8 per cent of the total num- ber of persons engaged in the manufacturing industries of the state in 1914 and 84.4 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons en- gaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classification employed at the earlier census. (See "Explanation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 606,807 523,004 417,946 100.0 100.0 lOO.O 16.0 25.1 Proprietors and firtu members. 13,624 82,748 510,435 14,719 61,351 446,934 13,657 39,991 364,298 2.-2 13.6 84.1 2.8 11.7 85.5 3.3 9.6 87.2 -7.4 38.9 14.2 7.8 53.4 Wage earners (average) 22.7 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrei 82101°— 18 73 itized by During the decade there were slight decreases in the percentage that proprietors and firm members and wage earners formed of the total number engaged in the manufactures of the state, and a corresponding increase in the proportion of salaried employees. Pro- prietors and firm members show an increase of 7.8 per cent from 1904 to 1909, but decreased by 7.4 per cent during the five-yeaj- period 1909-1914. The two other classes, as well as the total for all classes combined, show increases for both five-year periods. The average number of wage earners. employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows foi' some of the important industries separately a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries^ combined, the proportion of male wagCj earners 16 years of age and over was slightly larger in 1914 than in 1909, while the proportions for both females over 16 years of age and for children under 16 decreased. In 1914, as compared with 1909, of the 42 industries for which separate figures are given in the table, 29 show an increased proportion of males and 12 an in- creased proportion of females, while but 4 show an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years of age. Five of the industries that gave employment to children under 16. years of age in 1909 reported no employees of this class in 1914. In the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods in 1914, over three-fourths of the wage earners 16 vears Microsoft® 1154 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. of age and over were women, while in the manufac- ture of paper boxes, men's clothing and women's clothing, confectionery, and tobacco manufactures. although the proportions were smaller, there was an increase in the proportion of female wage earners 16 years of age and over in 1914 as compared with 1909. Table 6 Census year. •WAGE EAKNEKS. Average num- ber.i Per cent o£ total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. Un- der 16 years ofage. Census year. ■WAGE EAKNEKa. Average num- ber.! Per cent of total. 16 years ofage and over. Male. Fe- male. Un.- derie years ofage. All Industries.. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. ^ Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rafiroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts , Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products 19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909- 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 510,435 446,934 364,298 84.9 83.4 83.4 14.8 15.4 15.2 0.3 1.2 1.4 5,464 5,997 18,752 12, 130 14,674 16,026 2,456 2,530 2,277 2,232 7,665 6,972 27,334 23,985 1,480 1,067 2,607 2,009 5,997 8,815 1,879 1,318 21, 639 20,728 2,885 '2,282 2,017 1,132 10, 768 9,960 9,775 8,843 3,149 2,493 7,448 6,598 3,199 2,820 12, 695 8,073 2,363 2,686 99.4 99.1 97.8 58.4 55.5 35.1 35.7 98.6 97.6 79.1 80.7 87.0 86.0 94.0 89.7 55.2 45.6 95.9 96.8 98.4 99.9 99.8 99.8 96.4 29.5 30.0 36.7 36.0 36.3 30.4 81.5 78.7 91.8 90.5 77.9 67.6 99.1 96.0 . 0.4 0.7 2.1 1.1 40.8 41.0 64.5 57.0 1.4 2.2 20.5 18.5 12.7 13.1 5.8 9.0 44.3 52.8 4.0 2.7 1.4 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 1.7 3.6 64.2 63.6 63.9 59.6 18.3 16.3 8.1 9.2 22.0 31.5 0.8 4.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.8 3.4 0.4 7.3 Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Glass. Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, blast furnaces 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.2 1.3 0.6 1.6 0.2 0.6 m 0.9 3.5 0.1 1.3 0.7 10.1 0.2 6.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.9 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mlUs. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivetSj not made in steel works or roll- ing nulls. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling nulls. Iron and steel, wrought pipe Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures All other industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 73,103 64,817 7,831 8,232 10,997 10, 159 3,411 3,149 5,786 7,295 46,397 38,586 2,365 2,797 2,308 2,002 2,285 1,081 5,340 4,366 11,921 13,456 2,623 2,012 2,107 1,635 5,430 4,673 2,269 2,040 18,070 15, 756 21, 705 10,382 2,879 3,200 3,619 3,086 8,575 7,274 13,282 12,631 91,819 80,830 98.1 98.3 94.6 96.7 91.6 87.6 22.9 16.5 100.0 100.0 88.1 85.1 99.7 96.3 100.0 99.8 99.9 99.3 92.0 88.6 87.7 84.5 50.5 47.8 77.1 73.7 84.8 99.9 100.0 97.7 97.8 99.3 99.5 32.9 32.3 80.3 78.2 1.4 1.3 4.4 2.4 7.9 8.2 76.4 76.6 0.6 0.8 11.8 11.9 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.9 0.6 4.3 0.7 7.0 3.0 0.2 3.3 0.7 0.2 0.2 1.1 1.1 0.1 m 7.9 11.5 11.7 15.4 49.6 61.6 21.8 24.9 11.1 14.3 0.1 (?) 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 1.1 1.4 0.1 0.9 2.2 2.2 0.4 0.3 66.9 66.8 19.3 20.3 m 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.9 0.5 1.6 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 43 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. In each of the cities the male wage earners 16 years of age and over greatly outnumbered the females, the only cities in which the proportion o/~ below 75 per cent in 1914 being Coshocton, East Liverpool, Findlay, Lancaster, Piqua, and Ports- mouth. Nearly all of the cities show marked de- creases from 'census to census in both numbers and proportions of wage earners under 16 years of age. Lorain shows the largest proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over at each of the five- year periods, although there was a slight decrease between 1909 and 1914. Cleveland, the most important city in respect to number of wage earners employed in 1914, shows an MfefQS^^d®. actual and proportional, in adult males MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1155 and females during the five-year period 1909-1914. The number of wage earners under 16 years of age decreased 63.3 per cent, while the proportion which this class formed of the total decreased from 1.6 per cent in 1909 to five-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914. Cincinnati, the second city in respect to wage earners, shows, for 1909-1914, an increase in the proportion of ad\ilt males, a slight decrease in the proportion of adult females, while the propor- tion of wage earners under 1 6 years of age decreased from 2.2 per cent in 1909 to six-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914. Table 7 Airon Alliance Ashtabula. . Barberton. Bellaire Cambridge.. Canton Chillicothe . Cincinnati.'. Cleveland... Columbus Coshocton Dayton East Cleveland. East Liverpool. Elyria Eindlaj... Foslona... Fremont... Hamilton.. Irontou Lakewood. Lancaster.. Lima Lorain Mansfield.... Marietta Marion Massillon Middletovm. Mount Vernon.. Newark Norwood Piqua Portsmouth Springfield... Steubenville.. Tifta Toledo ■Warren Yonngstown.. Zaaesville AVERAGE NUMBEK OF WAGE EAKNEES IN MANUFACTUEINO INDUSTRIES. Total. 1914 24,680 2,333 1, — 3,118 2,603 1,455 12,255 1,557 69,861 103,317 17,236 1,614 24,061 1 4,8 2,735 1,737 1,252 2,063 6,043 1,420 1,774 1,583 4,876 6,436 3,398 1,401 2,577 1,768 4,003 772 4,583 5,808 2,777 3,S97 2,727 7, 4,606 2,177 27,076 ■ 2,862 15,861 3,035 2,597 1,230 9,964 1,674 2 60,182 84,728 16,428 1909 15,831 2,524 1,471 21,549 ' "4,' 873 2,673 1,376 6,895 1,920 1,532 3,607 6,697 3,204 1,288 2,619 1,934 2,576 3,913 3,907 2,683 3,728 2,118 7,405 4,267 l,r-- 18,878 1,798 10,498 2 2,932 1904 846 5, 1,553 68, 584 64,041 14,350 17,093 5,228 1,343 6,107 1,800 2,733 3,102 3,021 1,314 1,721 1,995 3,627 2,044 4,072 2,323 6,258 4,184 1,645 15,697 8,095 16 years ot age and over. Male. 1914 21, 825 2,266 1,770 2,696 2,357 1,353 10,823 J „_. 44, 85,069 14,269 991 20,222 124 3,566 2,355 1,020 1,013 1,682 5,252 1,193 1,555 1,134 3,676 6,357 2,663 1,317 2,323 1,591 3,523 736 4,132 4,538 1,923 2,441 2,403 7,074 4,294 1,775 22, 859 2,347 14,997 2,540 1909 13,387 2,385 1,334 2,301 1,174 8,892 1,157 43,889 69,643 13,137 17,876 "3,'587 2,357 921 6,047 1,647 1,118 2,474 6,674 2,201 1,181 2,344 1,826 1.' 3,576 3,215 1,913 2,237 1, 6,616 4.045 1,: 15,279 1,190 10,214 2 2,582 1904 737 6,011 1,207 43,387 63,316 11, 563 14, 183 3,720 1,044 5,319 1,714 2,042 3,075 2,215 1,245 1,517 1,766 1,647 2,726 1,817 5,762 3,791 1,130 13, 517 7,935 2,565 Female. 1914 2,802 64 95 421 234 1,393 315 14,609 17,756 2,922 623 3,812 1,238 376 709 239 379 775 207 219 449 1,199 77 730 80 248 177 480 20 440 1,269 860 1,137 322 786 202 348 4,115 611 860 492 1909 2,223 131 128 254 56 965 517 14,949 13,746 3,146 3,572 i,'2i8 289 454 "752 412 1,082 20 106 272 87 769 761 1,390 466 777 196 278 3,327 647 272 325 1904 1,539 "io? 316 14,213 9,362 2,476 2,798 'i,'468 294 721 76 691 160 54 1,173 463 482 267 614 2,114 123 509 Under 16 years ot age. 63 3 3 1 12 4 39 3 361 492 45 "27 1,344 1,339 145 'ioi 20 102 4 4 1909 221 8 9 "42 117 51 8 19 101 44 12 26 65 272 61 12 26 1904 135 '"2 31 30 984 ,363 311 "ii2 "46 10 100 1 20 10 44 176 75 11 173 43 14 136 1 66 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 1914 88.4 97.1 94.8 86.5 90.5 93.0 75.2 82.3 82.8 61.4 84.0 96.1 73.8 ,86.1 58.7 80.9 81.5 86.9 84.0 87.7 71.6 75.4 78.4 94.0 90.1 90.0 88.0 95.3 90.2 78.1 69.2 67.9 95.3 81.6 84.4 82.0 94.6 83.7 1909 84.6 94.6 90.7 96.4 89.2 69.1 72.9 82.2 80.0 '83.'6 '73.'6 88:2 66.9 87.7 85.8 73.0 68.6 99.7 68.7 91.7 89.5 94.4 70.1 91.4 82.3 71.3 60.0 75.9 89.3 94.8 79.0 80. 66.2 97.3 88.1 1904 82. b 87.1 84.4 77.7 74.1 80.6 "83." 6 '7i.'2 77.7 87.1 95.2 74.7 99.1 73.3 94.7 88.1 80.6 66.9 78.2 92.1 90.6 68.7 86.1 98.0 82.8 Female. 1914 11.4 2.7 5.1 13.6 9.0 6.7 11.4 20.2 24.2 17.2 17.0 38.6 16.8 3.9 25.6 13.7 40.8 19.1 18.4 12.8 14. 12.3 28.4 24.6 1.2 21.5 5.7 9.6 10.0 12.0 .2.6 9.6 21.9 30.6 31.6 11.8 10.0 4.5 16.0 15.2 17.9 5.4 16.2 14.0 5.2 8.7 4.6 9.6 30.9 24.8 16.2 19.2 16.6 '25.6 10.8 33.0 10.9 14.0 26.9 30.0 0.3 30.7 8.2 10.4 4.5 29.8 7.3 17.5 28.0 37.3 22.0 10.6 4.6 17.0 17. 30.4 2.6 11.1 16.0 '12.' 6 16.1 20.3 24.3 14.6 17.3 'i6."4 '28. i 21.9 11.8 4.2 21.6 A 8 26.0 4.6 9.3 2.7 18.9 28.8 19.9 7.7 6.1 31.2 13.5 1.5 16.4 Under 16 years ot age. 0.2 0.1 0.2 (') 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.3 o.'i b'.h 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 1.4 (') 0.1 0.3 0.2 2.1 0.2 C) 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.5 0.4 0.1 0) 0.1 1909 1.4 0.3 0.6 1.6 2.2 1. 0.9 'o.h "i.4 1.0 0.1 1.4 0.2 0.1 1.4 0) 0.6 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.1 1. 0.2 0.7 2.7 2.1 0.2 0. 4.0 1.4 3.4 0.1 0.9 1904 1.4 6.2 0.5 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.2 'o.'J 'd.'8 1.1 0.6 3.7 0) 0.7 0.8 2.6 2.1 0.5 4.2 1.9 0.2 3.3 0.1 0.5 0.8 1 Less than one-tenth ot 1 per cent. • Fleures do not agree with those pubUshed, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only tor those estabUshments located within the corporate limits 61 the city. Table 8 PEK CENT OF INCEEASE IN AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EABNEKS.l CITY. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS.! ClIY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and overt Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 lAm 166.4 66.9 64.5 -7.6 120.8 27.0 73.9 0.2 18.3 174.4 63.0 68.3 -5.0 140.2 32.7 81.0 2.4 l.'i.2 82.1 26.0 44.4 -51.1 -11.2 -25.7 19.6 -7.9 -60.7 -76.0 63.7 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 s than 100. 106.4 23.0 67.8 0.3 -7.0 7.8 2.2 -0.5 2.7 116.0 21.7 77,4 2.7 7.1 ■^4.1 3.7 2.5 1 9 66.5 45.9 6.6 -0.3 -39.1 63.6 2.1 -2.9 Alliance -66.7 Ashtabula... Ciuorunati 63 3 Cambridge 4k}rOS'©ft^e base is le. -73.1 36.6 inus sign (E)t^i UZQQ xQY'en t 1156 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 8— Continued. PEE CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EAKNERS.l CITY. PEE CENT OF mCEEASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.! CITY. • Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 yeais of age and over. Under 16 years ^ Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 61.3 21.9 32.3 20.1 4 9 14.5 40.8 11.7 26.1 -7.6 -0.9 -6.8 2.3 29.3 26.2 2.5 -1.0 -12.4 12.9 -21.1 -26.0 6.7 3.3 78.4 35.2 32.0 107.5' -3.9 115.9 12.5 6.1 6.1 6.6 8.8 -2.0 49.7 -1.6 52.2 59.6 22.2 30.6 23.4 8.6 13.6 42.6 13.1 26.0 -4.1 -0.6 -3.6 -0.1 -2.3 , 10.7 ' -11.8 -1.3 -13.1 13.7 -30.4 -27.6 -3.9 1.4 80.0 48.6 21.2 106.7 -4.7 117.0 20.2 21.0 -0.6 5.8 11.5 -5.1 53.1 -0.9 54.5 89.7 29.2 46.8 18.0 -7.1 27.1 36.2 6.7 27.7 -15.7 1.6 -17.0 . 30.1 141.2 66.2 54.4 7.5 3.1 4.3 -63.9 -63.3 -1.8 -85.5 -69.0 -53.4 -75.9 -73.3 -9.8 Massillon 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -11.4 -8.6 -3.1 55.4 26.4 17.1 7.9 48.7 35.9 3.5 31.3 -11.7 -3.5 -8.4 17.4 28.8 -8.8 25.7 6.3 18.3 7.7 5.6 2.0 32.3 33.4 -0.8 72.5 43.4 20.3 59.2 95.9 61.1 29.7 -2.0 3.5 -5.4 -9.9 -12.9 3.4 95.2 24.2 15.5 7.5 41.2 16.8 0.5 16.2 -10.5 9.1 -17.9 32.3 49.4 -11.6 22.8 6.9 14.8 13.3 6.2 6.7 57.1 37.7 14.1 69.1 ' 49.6 13.0 97.2 89.0 46.8 28.7 -1.0 -1.6 0.7 -88.0 -37.6 94.7 53.8 26.5 85.5 120.2 13.2 94 6 -3.1 -18.2 18.5 -30.5 -30.9 0.6 63.1 1.2 61.2 -21.4 3.1 -23.7 -32.3 25.2 -45.9 94.7 23.7 57.4 -6.6 599.2 216.2 121.1 -3.3 51.4 -36.2 Newark Dayton. . Norwood Piqua East Liverpool -89.0 -81.2 -41.6 Findlay HaTm'ltiTi ... Springfield Ironton -23.0 -92.6 9.0 102.9 10.8 83.1 -99.0 -98.0 -49.0 ■'-SO.' 9 Toledo Warren -62.5 -7.1 -25.8 25.2 Youngstown Marietta -24.5 55.0 -8.8 70.0 • 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease: percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Wage earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combiaed, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the num- ber reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Number.i Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Januarv 511,055 524,663 534,537 533,186 523, 653 518,316 506, 133 506,991 510,037 501,396 478, 412 476,841 414,278 421,945 432,343 432, 828 436,450 444, 998 435,241 448,898 465,351 474, 448 476,023 480,405 349,853 358, 147 368,365 374,025 373,007 367,146 349, 660 357,622 369, 182 370,224 367, 997 366,348 95.6 98.2 100.0 99.7 98.0 97.0 94.7 94 8 95.4 93.8 89.5 89.2 86.2 87.8 90.0 90.1 90.8 92.6 90.6 93.4 96.9 98.8 99.1 100.0 93.5 95.8 March 98.5 April 100.0 May 99.7 98.2 July 93.5 Aueust . 95.6 98.7 October . 99.0 98.4 97.9 > The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day: those for 1904, the average number employed during the month for December, while in 1904 the maximum number was reported for April and the minimum for July. For 1914 and 1904 the spring months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners for 1914 appearing for March and the ig^fMji^0ygtijj^er/^ig^(;^Q^Q^^fc@nanufactures, the percentages which the The year 1909 shows a different season of activity, the maximmn number being employed in December and the minimmn in January. The greatest differ- ence between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 66,127 in 1909. The average monthly employment of wage earners in 1914 was 510,435; in 1909, 446,934; and in 1904, 364,298. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state,, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 43 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Of the selected industries, canning and preserving, because of its seasonal character, shows the greatest degree pf fluctuation, the number of wage earners employed in February being but 12.8 per cent of the number in September. In the manufacture of steam- raikoad cars the number reported for December was but 51.3 per cent of the number reported for January, while in the glass industry the number reported for August was only 54.1 per cent of that for April. The greatest stability of employment is shown for flour- mUl and gristmiU products, printing and publishing, minimum formed of the maximum being 94.8, 97.4, and 95, respectively. Of the 43 cities, Middletown. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1157 and Portsmouth show the greatest"^ fluctuation, the proportion which the minimum formed of the maxi- mum being 32.4 per cent and 53 per cent, respectively, while the most steady employment of wage earners is shown for Coshocton and East Liverpool, the propor- tion which the minimum nimiber formed of the maxi- mimi for the former being 96.4 per <;ent and for the latter 93.8 per cent. Table 10 nroUSTEY AND aiY. All industries Agricultuial implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boxes, faacy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Gamiing and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad compaaies... Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppKes Flour-nml and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products . Furniture and refrigerators ■> . Glass Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills '. . . Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills IroQ and steel, wrought, pipe liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Faint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, mcluding gas and oil stoves Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities Akbon Aluance Ashtabula Babbebton Bellaibe Gaubbidge Canton CmUJCOTHE CmoNNA'n Cleveland oolxtmbus '. Coshocton Datton East Cleveland East Livebpool ElTBU PiNDLAY Fostoeia Fbemont Hamilton WAGE EARNEES: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.) Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 510,435 5,464 18,752 14,674 2,456 2,277 7,665 27,334 2,507 5,997 21,639 2,885 2,017 10, 758 9,775 3,149 7,448 3,199 12,695 2,363 73, 103 7,831 10,997 3,411 6,786 46,397 2,365 2,308 2,285 5,340 11,921 2,523 2,107 6,430 2,269 18,070 21, 705 2,879 3,619 8,575 13,282 95, 178 387,632 24, 680 2,333 1,868 3,118 2,603 1,455 12,255 1,557 59,861 103,317 17,236 1,614 24,061 129 4,830 2,735 1,737 1,252 2,063 6,043 Number employed on the 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 511,055 6,629 17,294 14,648 2,522 2,156 7,370 24,861 1,020 6,198 21,847* 3,915 2,158 10,994 9,507 2,889 7,612 3,422 13, 819 2,350 76,180 8,291 12, 182 3,685 8,277 47,117 2,354 2,598 1,951 4,931 11,299 2,368 2,056 5,456 2,380 18, 323 19,i79 3,175 3,755 8,209 13,270 94,508 391,398 22,8S1 2,384 1,678 3,262 2,832 1,712 12,213 1,549 61,805 105,431 17,140 1,591 25,417 107 4,771 2,679 1MB 1,274 1,881 6,642 Febru- ary. 524,663 6,793 17,944 16,385 2,588 2,355 7,467 25,094 990 6,614 22,070 3,445 2,063 11,266 10, 717 2,886 7,683 3,422 13,040 2,342 77, 408 8,440 12,665 3,646 6,199 49,467 2,477 2,622 2,571 i,910 11,327 2,252 2,168 5,479 2,338 18,232 21,577 3,431 3,619 9,042 13,731 95,998 403,049 March. 534, 537 6,758 18,766 15,219 2,603 2,408 7,477 26, 136 1,080 6,765 22,371 3,311 2,130 11,374 10,740 2,989 7,753 3,473 13, 175 2,352 77,865 8,555 12, 810 3,709 6,440 51,727 2,525 2,697 2,736 4,930 11, 986 2,389 2,247 5,534 2,362 18,246 23,524 3,666 3,557 9,045 13,641 97,557 409,376 2,199 6,342 April. 533, 186 19,188 ll,eS3 2,565 2,573 7,508 27,911 1,076 6,771 20,953 3,042 2,106 11,351 10,286 2,902 7,784 3,448 13,081 2,348 77,292 8,371 13, 290 3,646 6,630 50,869 2,630 5,103 12,540 2,748 2,267 6,480 2,349 18, 184 25,409 3,443 3,453 9,073 13,374 98,901 405,222 3.024 7f' 31 2; 148 6,304 May. 523, 653 6,692 18,460 13,903 2,447 2,448 7,568 29, 123 1,336 6,643 21,006 3,440 1,978 11,084 2,771 7,680 3,302 12,602 2,301 76,349 8,182 12,204 3,567 6,440 46,394 2,490 2,449 2,322 5,374 12,802 2,765 2,289 5,494 2,308 18,092 25,439 3,209 3,458 8,672 13, 168 97,733 397,183 2,110 6,167 June. Sra, 316 5,468 17, 640 15,346 2,460 2,378 7,771 29, 276 2,226 6,243 »,»7 3,055 1,960 10,680 2,568 7,480 3,170 12, 737 75,219 7,732 11,207 3,502 6,262 47,493 2,411 2,172 2,352 5,897 12,753 2,690 2,227 5,534 2,286 17,985 22,558 2,852 3,545 8,887 13,059 97, 749 391, 124 25,371 2,488 1,929 3,064 2,599 1,355 12,353 1,647 60, 767 103,094 17,619 1,699 25, 151 118 4,905 2,776 1,992 5,982 July. 506, 133 5,210 17,2SS 15,642 2,381 2,216 7,840 28,609 1,863 5,814 21,620 3,073 1,980 10,502 9,936 2,451 7,212 3,254 12, 357 2,382 73,241 7/50 8,147 3,400 6,698 47,420 2,369 2,075 2,425 6,028 12,453 2,679 2,076 5,338 2,239 17,966 21,657 2,890 3,580 7,8S6 13,052 94,821 384,892 24, 159 2,568 1,966 3,060 2,488 1,562 11, 654 1,684 59,882 101,861 16,951 1,581 24,479 121 4,638 2,609 1,936 5,799 August. 506,991 5,300 18,209 15,400 2,413 2,218 7,761 28,945 4,765 5,704 21,829 2,132 1,896 10,500 10,613 2,938 7,493 3,253 12,587 2,425 72,212 7,659 7,192 3,179 5,781 46,984 2,368 2,008 2,430 5,909 12,073 2,636 2,059 5,427 2,185 17,841 20,025 2,752 3,473 8,151 13, 176 95,090 382,764 22,912 2,555 2,087 2,950 2,633 1,500 12, 169 1,838 59,349 101,170 Septem- ber. 510, 037 4,801 18,745 14,374 2,405 2,238 7,846 28,772 7,739 5,515 22,637 2,304 1,974 10,420 10, 550 3,799 7,633 12,379 2,420 69,592 7,465 9,653 3,166 6,637 47,006 2,296 2,075 2,164 5,610 11,906 2,692 2,005 5,499 2,m 17,864 20,410 2,444 3,452 8,405 13, 149 95,828 379, 827 23,091 2,286 2,084 3,085 2,42s 1,495 12,642 1,822 67,566 100,840 16,875 16,838 1,593 1,593 23,436 22,785 132 158 4,845 4,879 2,616 2,618 1,791 1,729 1,164 1,188 2,055 2,146 6,734 5,857 Octo- ber. 501,396 4,175 20,529 14,006 2,422 2,134 7,816 27,664 4,826 6,389 22,271 2,281 1,959 10, 420 10,309 4,178 7,463 2,960 12,571 2,374 68,464 7,505 10,186 3,261 5,195 45, 162' 2,247 2,163 1,868 5,237 11,580 2,474 1,972 6,608 2,202 18,048 20,246 2,077 3,613 8,701 13,25'3 94,808 376,238 23,004 2,111 2,055 3,023 2,439 1,262 12,753 1,438 67, 139 101, 721 16,697 1,640 22, 478 140 4,807 2,655 1,700 1,218 2,217 5,866 Novem- ber. 478,412 4,132 20,188 14,679 2,385 2,096 7,798 26, 190 1,986 5,220 21,619 2,614 2,005 10,431 3,861 e,7S0 2,831 12, 104 2,379 7,414 11,103 3,081 4,468 36,646 2,172 2,044 1,905 5,121 11,383. 2,247 1,969 5,307 2,185 17,999 20,118 2,076 3,725 8,466 13,202 90,963 366,240 23,120 2,061 1,864 2,928 2,474 1,112 11,639 1,419 57, 199 98,692 16,580 1,630 22,030 121 4,797 2,482 1,714 1,274 2,078 5,648 Decem- ber. 476,841 4,327 20,829 14,853 2,281 2,104 7,758 25,427 1,177 6,288 21,238 2,008 1,995 10,074 7,878 3,556 6,853 2,767 11,888 2,384 66,726 7,208 11,326 3,090 4,508 40,490 2,154 2,066 5,030 10,951 2,336 1,970 6,104 2,210 18,060 20,018 2,633 8,403 13,309 88, ISO 364,228 22,976 2,139 1,715 2,779 2,461 1,118 11,873 1,425 57,694 98,406 16,694 1,633 21,171 115 4,721 2,586 1,736 1,275 1,913 5,663 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mxnn. 89.2 60.8 82.7 71.0 87.6 81.5 84.9 12.8 77.1 51.3 87.9 88.6 73.4 58.7 86.5 79.7 86.0 94.8 86.6 83.6 54.1 83.1 67.2 70.8 80.7 74.5 68.3 81.4 85.5 81.3 86.8 92.2 91.8 97.4 76.6 58.2 80.3 86.6 95.0 89.2 79.3 80.2 76.6 81.2 85.7 62.3 91.3 74.8 91.0 90.4 91.8 96.4 82.5 67.7 93.8 81.1 91.9 81.2 84.8 85.0 1158 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 10— Continued. nnitrsTRY and aiY. lEONTON Lakewood Lancaster Lima LOBAIN Mansfield Makietta Maeion MASSIIiON MlDDLETOWN Mount Veenon Newaek NOEWOOD PiQUA poetsmouth Sandusky Speingfield Stbubenville.. TlTFEN , Toledo Waeeen voungstown... Zanesville WAGE EAENEES: 1914. [Month of maximum employment tor each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic ngures.j Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 1,420 1,774 1,583 4,876 6,436 3,398 1,401 2,577 1,768 4,003 772 4,583 6,808 2,777 3,597 2,727 7,868 4,506 2,177 27,076 2,862 15,861 3,035 Number employed on the 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. 1,500 1,744 ijrs 4,407 7,150 3,208 1,448 2,684 1,747 4,072 784 4,368 5,746 2,701 2,995 2,612 8,836 3,945 2,202 27,080 2,992 16,310 2,649 Febru- ary. 1,572 1,713 1,515 4,787 7,593 3,476 1,468 2,814 1,896 4,084 781 4,663 5,695 2,867 4,456 2,625 8,727 4,826 2,215 27,161 2,986 17, 198 3,185 March. 1,671 1,751 1,524 4,801 7,874 3,617 1,443 2,846 1,935 4,279 791 4,710 5,886 2,948 4,072 2,671 8,752 4,878 2,241 27,847 2,985 17,449 April. 1,490 1,766 1,564 4,961 7,663 3,712 l,5l!9 2,814 1,943 4,362 818 4,722 6,015 2,933 g,seo 2,910 8,372 4,945 2,268 27,431 2,891 16, 669 3,280 May. 1,560 1,760 1,613 4,953 6,766 3,569 1,523 2,691 1,957 4,198 792 4,666 6,042 2,895 2,597 2,757 7,802 4,991 2,226 27,061 2,777 15,682 3,106 June. 1,669 1,696 1,667 4,987 6,355 3,483 1,535 2,497 1,944 3,989 764 4,766 6,047 2,724 3,746 2,734 7,852 4,824 2,232 25,827 2,844 16,072 3,106 July. 1,461 1,671 1,693 5,067 6,733 3,481 1,407 2,490 1,964 3,945 733 i,S02 5,901 2,196 4,016 2,769 7,747 4,663 2,207 21,604 2,799 16, 712 3,245 August. 1,461 1,767 1,662 6,150 5,901 3,561 1,444 2,560 1,683 3,948 752 4,719 5,787 2,796 3,915 2,727 7,770 4,493 2,077 26,674 2,843 17, 119 2,772 Septem- ber. 1,277 1,815 1,636 5,330 5,726 3,559 1,212 2,423 1,643 3,970 768 4,695 5,850 ■2,733 3,675 2,727 7,569 4,446 2,164 2,809 16, 458 3,017 Octo- ber. 1,306 1,866 1,683 5,202 5,150 3,204 1,266 2,370 1,648 3,920 4,675 5,710 2,749 3,774 2,707 7,148 4,446 2,047 28,037 2,799 14,589 2,881 Novem- ' ber. 1,009 1,906 1,644 4,574 4,94s 2,923 1,260 2,370 1,680 S,594 752 4,442 5,644 2,706 3,761 2,817 6,7S9 4,228 2,104 27,299 2,803 13,583 2,915 Decem- ber. 1,094 1,843 1,544 4,sse 5,389 2,949 1,307 2,366 1,276 3,675 721 4,369 6,473 2,677 3,809 2,669 7,064 3,490 2,143 26,806 2,816 13,491 2,979 .Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 60.4 87.7 87.0 80.4 62.8 78.7 79.0 83.1 65.0 82.4 88.1 90.3 90.5 88.1 53.0 89.8 76.3 69.9 90.2 90.1 92.8 77.3 80.5 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909 for all industries combined and for selected industries tbroughout the state have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only, for aU industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 11 INDUSTBY AND CITY. Census year. AVEEAGE NUMBEE OP WAGE EAENEES. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were- 48 and under. Between 48and54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products : Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914- 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 510, 435 446,934 5,464 5,997 18, 762 12,130 14, 674 16, 026 2,466 2,530 2,277 2,232 7,666 6,972 27, 334 23,986 2,507 2,009 5,997 8,815 21, 639 20,728 2,886 2,282 2,017 1,132 10, 758 9,950 69,975 31,977 78,201 29,296 116,627 88,916 126,649 130, 852 89,652 131, 863 10 195 476 2 823 190 329 112 484 30 768 689 2,195 2,498 90 208 8,512 1,718 380 3,610 1,300 1,294 10,138 64 103 305 149 430 422 36 328 149 2,904 2,725 86 18 689 651 3,164 2,660 929 121 4,728 2,023 Digitize^y l^rosm(^ 7,385 1146 811 387 ^674 4,469 6,121 2,608 643 831 3,787 1,007 7,939 4,690 870 79 1,116 1,634 6,025 3,057 279 2,240 6,428 1,467 5,242 3,519 2,354 4,963 6,055 7,364 9,106 219 651 1,114 493 612 3,757 1,687 345 149 2,013 1,993 730 6,273 1,858 1,830 869 164 142 1,090 3 1,952 531 1,767 601 1,051 258 3,817 165 441 75 1,969 3,244 10,407 12,279 1,094 1,555 1,452 3,896 857 4,094 ,52 266 38 109 15,815 14,484 9,591 8,714 4,025 10,843 102 127 243 299 132 139 3,189 1,609 489 132 25 40 67 17 1,417 SOS 34 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1159 Table 11— Continued. Census year. AVERAGE NtJMBEB OF WAGE EABNEKS. INDUSTKT AND CITT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60and72. 72. Over 72. ConJectionery 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 lOl*' 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914. 3,149 2,493 7,448 6,598 3,199 2,820 12,695 8,073 2,363 2,585 73, 103 64,817 7,831 8,232 10,997 10, 169 3,411 3,149 5,786 7,295 46,397 38,586 2,365 2,797 2,308 2,002 2,285 1,081 6,340 4,366 11,921 13,456 2,623 2,012 2,107 1,536 5,430 4,673 2,269 2,040 18,070 16,756 ■21,705 10,382 2,879 3,200 3,619 3,086 8,575 7,274 13,282 12,631 95,178 83,215 387,632 24,680 2,333 1,868 3,118 2,603 1,455 12,255 1,567 69,861 103,317 17,236 1,614 24,061 y l\M: 251 322 1,100 549 73 40 657 20 115 207 6,097 809 624 196 784 1,797 64 10 343 342 1,-018 167 1,600 11 3,850 1,086_ 18 63 9,976 2,508 1,543 345 4,515 2,279 205 45 1,899 280 2,173 1,384 96 118 4,098 2,430 216 56 16,013 11,087 845 1,266 2,916 1,726 3,035 921 532 280 2,238 1,250 1,347 2,007 3,795 3,071 105 66 .30,976 28,233 2,591 2,660 198 2,501 107 1,019 114 1,266 824 3,000 83 644 296 1,452 1,683 1,571 11,009 21,845 2,228 3,765 2,276 1,139 8 ■"■■3' 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 95 24S Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Ulectrlcal machinery, apparatus, and supplies 14 68 263 Flour-mill and gristmill products 168 378 32 314 Foundry and machine-shop products 1 Furniture and refrigerators v 21 118 652 19lT 66 Hosiery and knit goods 1,154 918 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 580 606 4,453 6,296 1,577 1 4,997 4,709 2,711 6,688 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 3,303 1,483 341 2,013 44 7 2,961 5,442 60 270 244 168 176 8,094 7,260 1,957 539 1,174 682 1,083 273 143 89 3,423 2,238 287 19 925 '520 344 468 69 200 1,055 1,485 12,297 5,158 794 375 528 90 2,400 3,116 464 2,806 22,807 29,060 99,694 20,551 13,362 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works and rolling mills. 1,988 41 690 1,026 808 232 471 3,744 7,348 1,314 1,001 546 497 820 1,498 78 928 149 744 64 301 1,738 2,676 2,317 2,333 1,432 1,933 85 2,113 18,345 24,305 47,747 Iron and steel lorgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 449 188 234 166 274 Iron and steel, wrought pipe Liquors, malt 4,287 2,309 856 704 403 341 82 63 69 1 806 358 96 61 319 267 619 1,479 3,076 2,802 422 478 236 198 829 7 Lumber and timber products 17 Marble and stone work 2 1 44 4 Paint and varnish 68 Pfijwr f^TiH wnfMl piilp 2,042 1,233 68 1,376 1,456 19 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified 5 40 12,587 6,888 3,067- 102 19 1,826 1,951 5,848 843 11 16 27 6 1,006 360 1,959 2,431 9,302 4,491 69,074 1,957 853 2,453 4,670 99 4,080 327 131 636 484 893 1,639 6,280 938 30,796 16,062 92,241 Printing and publishing 18 340 Shipbuilding, including boat building 9 3 111 26 2,844 336 4,49.0 4,327 7,984 3,388 58,020 1 Stoves arid furnaces, including gas and oil stoves 67 80 Tobacco manuJactures 4 10 4,078 2,496 10,568 All other industries 3 823 1,382 7,079 3 1,043 2,031 3,309 Total for cities Akeon 4,188 306 265 6 118 180 1,400 27 11,975 17,103 5,611 57 2,335 rom 5,936 11 25 19 19 491 811 69 13,526 20,680 1,614 240 1,461 =f(g)6i4- 963 • 1,136 862 1,201 1,099 615 1,565 401 16,330 24,681 3,965 1,206 8,492 14 2,359 ■ 11,873 107 680 711 615 642 36' 27 566 198 4,410 16,566 1,255 21 1,605 1 146 1,095 62 105 20 35 Alliance ...'. Ashtabula ; i' 862 4 '"'226' 30 2,746 7 30 2 8 6 B ARBERTON 1,246 469 136 7,579 637 12,713 19,409 4,702 49 10,041 104 66 "RF.T,T.Amir. Cambrtpgk 2 83 4 37 1,831 19 Canton 261 5 840 411 63 3 126 r,TrrT,T.TrnT-RK Cleveland COLXTMBTTS «■ 14 1160 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 1 1— Contimifid. Census year. AYEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTKT AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72 72. Over 72. Eltbia 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2,736 1,737 1,252 2,063 6,043 1,420 1,774 1,683 4,876 6,436 3,398 1,401 2,577 1,768 4,003 772 4,683 5,808 2,777 3,697 2,727 7,868 4,506 2,177 27,076 2,862 15,861 3,035 25 104 145 193 797 236 35 40 98 287 300 58 1,383 57 44 33 72 1,069 31 94 415 1,010 729 31 2,258 1,665 1,384 264 988 124 269 118 99 81 1,238 3 719 20 469 22 164 354 29 ■58 892 1,338 357 167 925 163 241 606 319 13 1,190 1,882 43 1,456 623 862 744 1,088 11 1,638 2,707 1,219 268 786 471 33 331 6,399 444 2,384 670 762 115 321 1,190 2,580 183 77 224 1,906 16 1,006 178 26 509 417 •623 1,778 656 239 2,869 710 4,601 150 883 2,675 627 3,930 1,213 429 326 350 318 926 412 404 59 259 1,667 160 608 132 98 2,041 43 187 33 764 343 400 608 2,663 404 1,300 68 4,784 702 361 143 4 3 Feemont 3 Hamilton 1,057 3 78 ¥ 63 3 290 3 Ibonton 186 XiAKEWOOD 4 9 4,123 Lorain 4 Marietta . . .... 12 6 6 304 6 9 Massillon . . . 78 4 2 Newark 8 5 140 23 220 38 235 30 739 6 40 41 8 PlQtTA s . . ■ . 24 3 66 1,227 633 498 13,646 40 94 143 127 if 4 13 146 Tiffin 54 3 2,382 6 Warren . . . 10 863 The table shows, for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries, the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 165,894, or more than one-third of the total aver- age number of wage earners for all industries com- bined, were employed in estabhshments where the pre- vailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week; in 1914 but 118,983, or about one-fifth, were employed in such estabhshments. The proportion of wage earners employed in estabhshments where the prevail- ing hours of work were fewer than 60 per week in- creased from 281,040, or 62.9 per cent of the total, in 1909, to 391,452, or 76.7 per cent, in 1914. For all industries combined, and for a number of the separate industries, there was a marked increase during the five- year period in the proportion of wage earners in each of the three classes from 48 hours and under to 54 hours per week. Among the separate industries, de- creases in the hours of employment are shown for auto- mobiles, including bodies and parts; boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings ; foundry and machine- shop products; and hosiery and knit goods. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 387,632, for the 43 cities in 1914, 318,929, or 82.3 per cent, were in estabhshments where the prevaiUng hours were less than 60 per week, while only 20,956, or 5.4 per cent, were in estabhshments in which the hours of labor were more than 60 per week. In both Cincinnati and Cleveland the greatest number of wage earners in any class were employed in estabhshments operating 54 hours a week. In oiily two of the cities, Marion and Warren, were the greatest number employed in estabhshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 48 an(D/@5l^/2S^efe.y location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Ohio are centralized in the 43 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. In accepting the figures in this table it must be remembered that some of the cities — ^Barberton, Coshocton, East Cleveland, Fostoria,. Fremont, and Mount Vernon — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, were included in the dis- tricts outside of the cities at prior censuses. Lake- wood, while having a population in 1909 of over 10,000, was also included iti the districts outside of the cities, to avoid disclosure of the operations of individual estabhshments. In 1909 Portsmouth and Steuben- ville each had less than 25,000 inhabitants, but during the five-year period 1909-1914 the poptdation of each increased, so that they are now in the group of cities having between 25,000 and 100,000 inhabitants. It is apparent, therefore, that the figures in this table are not strictly comparable. The table shows, however, that for 1914 the cities, which represented 49.1 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 61.2 per cent of the number of estabhshments, 75.9 per cent of the total average ninnber of wage earners, 77.'t per cent of the value of products, and 79.3 per cent of the value added by manufacture. Of the total value of products shown for the state ia 1914, 10.5 per cent was reported from the 27 cities having between 10,000 and 25,000 inhabitants; 21.6 per cent from the 11 cities having between 25,000 and 100,000; and 45.3 per cent from the 5 cities having more than 100,000 inhabitants. Of the total average niunber of wage earners, 63.7 per cent were employed in cities /Ui(EJ^®ii®^@ulation of 25,000 and over. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1161 Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. ailES HAVINQ A POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OYEB. DISTRICTS OF ailES OUTSIDE HAVING Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 43 36 28 2,468,149 2,130,013 1,512,007 9,588 8,763 6,990 387,632 323, 131 220, 141 $1,380,537,449 1,074,492,138 540,823,420 604,253,617 468,164,822 251,523,607 49.1 44.7 36.4 61.2 57.9 50.4 75.9 72.3 71.4 77.4 74.7 72.2 79.3 76.3 74.1 27 22 19 414,314 345,803 305,089 1,590 1,366 1,299 62,341 53,624 40,530 $187,888,018 166,321,801 84,434,679 86,583,678 68,825,229 40,462,166 8.3 7.2 7.4 10.1 9.0 9.4 12.2 12.0 13.1 10.5 10.9 11.3 11.4 11.2 11.9 11 9 5 499,742 393,371 241,866 1,639 1,207 1,034 93,740 67,742 42,794 $385,642,109 283,054,022 108,630,809 157,346,303 107,359,766 48,808,762 9.9 8.3 5.8 10.5 8.0 7.4 18.4 15.2 13.9 21.6 19.7 14.5 20.6 17.5 14.4 6 5 4 1,554,093 1,390,839 966,062 6,359 6,190 4,657 231,551 201,765 136,817 $807,007,322 635,116,315 347,758,032 360,323,636 291,979,827 162,252,689 5,026,898 4,767,121 4,157,545 15,658 15, 138 13,868 510,435 446,934 308,109 $1,782,808,279 1,437,935,817 748,670,855 762,026,264 613,733,870 339,368,354 30.9 29.2 23.2 40.6 40.9 33.6 45.4 45.1 44.4 45.3 44.2 46.4 47.3 47.6 47.8 2,658,749 2,637,108 2,645,638 6,070 6,375 6,878 122,803 123,803 87,968 $402,270,830 363,443,679 207,847,435 157,772,647 145,569,048 87,844,747 50.9 55.3 63.6 38.8 42.1 49.6 24.1 27.7 28.5 22.6 25.3 27.8 20.7 23.7 25.9 Number of establishments Average number of wage earners Value added by manufacture . . . 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. The relative importance in manufactures in each of the 43 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measm-ed by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants. in those years. Table 13 CITY, AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. Cleveland Cincinnati Afoon Toledo Youngstown Dayton Columbus Canton. ......... Lorain Springfield luddletovm Steubenville Hamilton Norwood Bellaire Lima Warren Uansfield Newark Barberton Elyria Zanesville Sandusky Piqua Portsmouth...!! Alliance East Liverpool... Uarion Fostoria Mas£pon Ashtabula Tiffin Fremont Ironton Findlay Lancaster Marietta Chilllcothe Cambridge Lsikewood Coshocton Mount Vernon... East Cleveland. . 191^ 103,317 59,861 24,680 27,076 15,861 24,061 17,236 12,255 6,436 7,868 4,003 4,506 6,043 5,808 2,603 4,876 2,862 3,398 4,583 3,118 2,735 3,035 2,727 2,777 3,597 2,333 4,830 2,577 1,262 1,768 1,868 2,177 2,063 1,420 1,737 1,683 1,401 1,567 1,465 1,774 1,614 772 129 1909 84,728 160, 182 15,831 18,878 10,498 21,549 16,428 9,964 6,697 7,405 2,576 4,267 6,895 3,907 2,597 3,607 1,798 3,204 3,913 1904 2,673 12,932 2,118 2,683 3,728 2,524 4,873 2,619 1,934 1,471 1,632 1,920 1,376 1,532 1,288 1,674 1,230 64,041 58,584 9,626 15,697 8,095 17,093 14,350 5,938 3,102 6,258 4,184 6,107 2,733 3,021 3,627 3,098 2,323 2,044 4,072 5,228 1,721 1,995 846 1,645 1,800 1,343 1,314 1,553 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $352,418,052 210,860,386 122,291,600 115,049,426 92,111,272 71,071,374 57,608,084 43,713,446 29,110,037 27,721,789 21, 787, 151 16,958,987 16,877.260 16,724,360 12,170,206 11,598,580 10,399,737 10,281,968 9,276,762 8,843,422 8,791,734 8,300,231 8,284,865 7,988,279 7,682,145 7,174,766 7,092,903 6,384,864 6,124,679 5,293,124 5,020,991 4,995,880 4,779,982 4,666,185 4,662,778 4,602,615 4,128,618 4,083,486- 3,923,786 3,606,498 3,476,686 2,302,669 295,786 1909 $271,960,833 1192,515,692 73,158,206 61,229,542 81,270,747 60,378,376 49,031,872 28,682,811 38,986,996 19, 246, 141 16,516,785 21, 187, 127 18, 183, 693 9,684,332 10,091,554 7,763,877 5,988,174 8,172,911 7,851,118 8,064,914 ■8,020,433 6,946,853 6,930,672 7,276,893 6,135,429 6,629,076 5,666,976 4,787,772 3,458,612 3,254,328 7,118,259 3,486,793 4,074,004 3,214,653 4,345.224 4,290,560 1904 $171,923,636 166,059,050 33,659,243 44,501,292 46,853,307 39,596,773 39, 530, 132 10,591,143 14,491,091 13,381,767 12,369,677 13,810,901 4,827,556 7,363,578 6,612,687 6,347,387 4,878,563 4,036,706 6,645,112 6,437,090 3,227,712 3,707,013 1,895,454 2,434,502 4,765,304 2,925,309 2,599,287 3,146,890 ' Figures do not agree with those published, because them in order to include data only for those estabUsh) corporate limits of the. city. 'Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Of the 28 cities for which comparative figures are given for 1904, 1909, and 1914, 13 show an increase in both average number of wage earners and in value of products for each five-year period. All except Lorain, SteubenviUe, Hamilton, Ironton, and ChiUi- cothe show an increase in value of products at each census. The percentages of increase, however, were generally smaller from 1909 to 1914 than from 1904 to 1909. The principal industries in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants and over in 1914, for which statistics can be presented separately, are shown in Table 14. The industries are fisted in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, and show the abso- lute and relative increase from 1909 to 1914, and the percentage which the value of products for each indus- try represents of the corresponding total for the state. Table 14 CITY AND DfDUSTET. Akeon. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Foundry and machine-shop products Printing and publishing Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. . . Canton. Foundry and machine-shop products Agricultural implements Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified'. Safes and vaults CiNaNNATr. Slaughtering and meat packing Foimdry and machine-shop products Spotemd^boeS'.iriduding cut stock and '7«|MiCK>U/l-^- Clothing, men'^s, including shirts VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $92,547,496 3,946,859 1,938,085 1,488,387 8,041,277 1, 106, 135 m 23,350,037 21, 121, 789 15,329,293 15,104,838 Per cent of in- dus- try total for the state. 84.4 2.2 3.5 3.8 P) 4.5 6.3 P) 35.0 11.8 Increase over 1909.1 Amount. $43,218,261 1,698,800 -414,825 -2,033 3,149,871 285,964 (?) i, 029, 800 2,742,131 45.6 330,621 64.7 -1,870,090 Per cent. 87.6 76.6 -17.6 -0.1 O 64.4 34. S « 20.9 14.9 2.2 -11.0 (See notes at end of table.) 1162 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 14— Continued. CITY AND INDUSTKT. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cincinnati— Continued. Printing and publishing Liquors, malt Bread and other bakery products , Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Carriages and wagons and materials Leather, taimed, curried, and finished. . Paint and varnish Liquors, distilled Cleveland. Foundry and machine-shop products Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Automobiles, including bodies and parts.. Slaughtering and meat packing Clothing, women's Printing and publishing Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies Paint and varnish Clothing, men's, including shirts Stoves and iumaces, including gas and oil stoves Bread and other bakery products Iron and steel, blast furnaces Columbus. Poimdry and machine-shop products Boots and shoes Printing and publishing Liquors, malt Slaughtering and meat packing Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rauroad companies Dayton. Foundry and machine-shop products. Slaughtering and meat paokmg Tobacco manufactures , Lumber and timber products Printing and publishmg Amount. $13,386,881 10, .152, 807 6,385,676 5, 569, 751 5,565,061 5,425,725 4,517,386 60,951,012 33,388,829 27,116,595 24,737,218 16,243,292 13,985,626 11,357,538 10,092,979 9,545,782 8,620,601 6,907,608 6,959,036 5,224,348 3,627,674 3,297,419 3,210,921 m 6,859,021 4,830,647 2,056,431 1,899,216 1,773,518 Per cent of in- dus- try total for the state, 24.1 32.3 20.9 22.2 34.4 46.7 23.4 m 28.5 16.3 31.6 37.1 71.0 25.2 31.4 52.2 34.6 43.1 22.6 m 3.9 16.6 6.3 10.3 4.8 3.8 7.2 7.2 6.0 3.2 Increase over 1909.1 Amount. $1, 867, 763 1,479,300 1,283,083 2, 795, 154 -1,259,664 366,805 637,676 13,507,973 -5,074,487 6,712,669 7,646,170 3,464,617 4,350,943 7,321,730 3,954,513 3,592,461 3,643,505 2,176,959 -784,708 -211,361 867,472 669, 276 866,474 (') 81,198 1,669,731 162,902 482,172 221,367 Per cent, 16.2 16.7 25.1 100.7 -18.5 7.3 16.4 (?) 36.1 -13.2 26.7 43.9 27.0 45.2 181.4 64.4 60.3 73.2 46.0 (') -10.1 -3.9 32.6 20.9 36.4 P) 1.2 52.3 8.6 34.0 14.3 CITY AND INDUSTRY. Dayton— Continued. Cash registers and calculating machines. . . Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Coflee, roasting and grmding Sewing machines and attachments Paint and varnish Bread and other bakery products Springfield. Foundry and macUne-shop products Agricultural implements Printing and pubhshing Automobiles, Including bodies and parts . Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies Flour-mill and gristmill products Toledo. Foundry and machine-shop products Coflee, roasting and grinding Flour-mill and gristmill products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies Printing and publishing Liquors, malt Clothing, women's Bread and other bakery products , Copper, tin, and sheet-u:on products Automobiles, including bodies and parts. , Tobacco, cigars Iron and steel, blast furnaces Glass YOUNGSTOWN. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Foundry and machine-shop products Lumber and timber products Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, wrought pipe Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Furniture VALUE OP products. Amount. (.') $5,790,250 5,761,611 3,452,782 7,855,075 5,889,320 5,815,388 3,229,882 2,990,828 2,474,913 2,433,670 2,307,211 2,029,356 48,796,464 7,236,241 1,010,128 P«r cent of in- dus- try total for the state. (') 3.2 33.0 6.2 m 4.4 44.2 12.9 8.9 6.4 7.7 10.6 7.5 8.1 23.8 4.0 3.2 (') Increase over 1909.1 Amount. W m $831,091 163,197 2,297,669 986,494 687,569 110, 152 709,266 726,113 (.") -1,378,689 2,369,936 57,187 Per cent. («) (») 11.8 m 2.7 246.6 49.2 31.1 4.7 44.4 55.7 (.') -2.7 48.7 6.0 m 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 3 Figures cah not be shown separately without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. 8 Figures not available. The foUowing statement gives the principal indus- tries in the cities of Ohio having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants in 1914. The industries are ar- ranged according to their rank as to value of products. CITY. Alliance Ashtabula. Barberton. Bellaire., Cambridge.. ChilUcothe.. Coshocton. . East Cleveland. East Liverpool. Elyria Fiodlay Fostoria Fremont Principal industries. Foundry and machine-shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Cars and general shop construction and repairs, by steam-railroad companies. Matches. Foundry and machine-shop products. Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Glass. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Glass. Paper and wood pulp. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Signs and advertising novelties. Furnishing goods, men's. Furniture. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Automobiles. Chemicals. Automobiles. Petroleum, refining. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. crrY. Hamilton. Iron ton... Lakewood Lancaster. Lima Lorain Mansfield. Marietta.. Marion Massillon . . Principal industi'ies. Paper and wood pulp, paper mills exclusively. Foundry and machine-shop products. Safes and vaults. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Wire. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Lumber and timber products. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Locomotives, not made by railroad companies Tobacco manufactures. Slaughtering and meat packing. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Shipbuilding. Agricultural implements. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Fumitiu'e. Foundry and machine-shop products. Silk goods. Agricultural implements. Foundry and maching-shop products. oU- ISf^tttrecf'&^mcf^s&fm' Tobacco manufactures. Paper and wood pulp, paper mills exclusively. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts. CITY. Mount Vernon. Newark Norwood. Piqua..... Portsmouth-. Sandusky Steubenville. Tiffln Warren. Zanesville-. Principal industries. Foundry andmachine-shopproduets. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Glass. Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Printing and publishing. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Furniture and refrigerators. Foundry and machine-shop products. Tinware, not elsewhere specified. Hosiery and knit good^. Felt goods. Boots and shoes. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified' Fo undry and machine-shop products . Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Tin plate and temeplate. Foundry and machine-shop products. Brick, tUe, pottery, and other clay products. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Foundry and machine-shop products . Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Tin plate and temeplate. Iron and steel, wrought pipe. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1163 Cleveland metropolitan district. — The metropolitan district of Cleveland, which was eighth in the United States in importance of manufactures in 1914, em- braces 103,174 acres of territory, of which 33,004 acres constituted the area of Cleveland. The area of the metropolitan district was the same in 1914 as in 1909. It includes, in addition to Cleveland, Bratenahl, Brook- lyn, Brooklyh Heights, Cleveland Heights, East Cleve- land, Euclid, Goldwood, Middleburgh, Newburgh city (annexed to Cleveland in 1915), Newburgh Heights, Rockport, Rocky River, Shaker Heights Village (organized from a part of Cleveland Heights Village in 1911), and West Park tovraships in Cuyahoga County. The incorporated places of over 10,000 inhabitants within the district besides Cleveland are East Cleve- land, which is coextensive with East Cleveland town- ship, and Lakewood, which is coextensive with Rock- port township. The estimated population of Cleve- land in 1914 was 639,431, and that of the outside ter- ritory 56,192, the total for the district being 695,623. MIDPLEBURGH The above outline map shows, for 1914, the terri- tory and the cities and towns that are included in the metropolitan district of Cleveland. Summary for the district. — ^Table 15 is a summary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, with a statement of the estimated population for 1914, of the cities of Cleveland, East Cleveland, and Lake- wood, and of the remainder of the district. The per- centages which the figures for Cleveland represent of the total for the district are shown i<^f&fl^^ffl^ ^y In 1914 there were 2,432 manufacturing establish- ments in the Cleveland metropoUtan district, which gave employment to 127,702 persons during the year and paid out $96,590,837 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 107,420 were wage earners. Products valued at $363,664,188 were reported, to produce which materials costing $204,039,634 were used. The value added by manufacture was thus $159,624,554. Microsoft® 1164 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 15 Population i Number of establishnients Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages ; Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) CLEVELAND METROPOLITAN DISTRICT: 1914. The district. 695,623 2,432 127, 702 1,753 18,529 107,420 296,737 $326,587,839 96,590,837 26,641,984 69,948,853 1,764,923 6,827,391 204,039,634 363,664,188 159,624,554 Cleveland. 639,431 2,345 122,758 1,693 17, 748 103,317 277,066 $312,908,956 92, 868,. 865 25,518,086 67,350,779 1,748,342 6,679,749 198,492,564 352,418,052 153,926,488 District exclusive of Cleveland. Total. 56, 192 87 4,944 60 781 4,103 19, 671 $13,678,883 3,721,972 1,123,898 2,598,074 16, 581 147, 642 5,547,070 11,246,136 5,699,066 East Cleve- land. 11,914 7 153 7 17 129 397 $288,864 99,766 18,373 81,393 3,545 147, 190 295, 786 148,596 Lakewood. 20, 219 22 2,217 16 427 1,774 2,969 $4,463,959 1,561,464 539,470 1,021,994 420 97, 648 1,603,936 3,606,498 2,002,562 Remainder. le; $8,926, 2,0?0, 666, 1,494, 16, 46, 3,796, 7,343, 3,547, Per cent Cleve- land is of total for dis- trict. 91.9 96.4 96.1 96.6 95.8 96.2 93.4 95.8 96.1 95.8 96.3 99.1 97.8 97.3 96.9 96.4 ' Estimated population, July 1, 1914. The great bulk of the value of the manufactured products was reported by the factories within the central city. Cleveland contaiaed 91.9 per cent of the population of the district apd contributed 96.9 per cent of the value of products. The proportions which each of the items relating to manufactures forms of the corresponding totals ior the district range from 93.4 per cent for primary horsepower to 97.3 per cent for cost of materials. Comparison wifh earlier censuses .—TsiblB 16 is a comparative summary of the statistics of the Cleve- land metropohtan district as a whole, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, together with the per cent of increase for the decade and for each five-year period. The table shows an increase in every item, except proprietors and firm members, during the five-year period 1909-1914; the percentages of increase were smaller, however, than for the five-year period 1904- 1909. For the decade, and for each five-year period, the largest increases appear for salaries and number of salaried employees. During the period 1909 to 1914 the population of- the district increased by 13.4 per cent, while value of products increased by 29 per cent. Table 16 Population Number of establish- ments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees. - Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower -'---. Capital Salaries and wages Salaries '. Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufac- ture (value of products less cost of materials). . CLEVELAND METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. 1914 2 696,623 2,432 127, 702 1,753 18,629 107,420 296, 737 $326,587,839 96,590,837 26,641,984 69,948,863 204,039,634 363,664,188 159,624,654 1909 3 613, 270 2,230 103,709 1,771 12,860 216, 166 J236,911,140 66,805,430 16, 150, 153 60,655,277 159,896,454 281,992,131 122,096,677 1904 1,720 76,671 1,529 7,341 67,801 169, 297 $164,691,287 44,216,686 8, 859, 767 35,356,918 100,783,886 179,184,277 78,400,391 PER CENT OP INCREASE.' 1904- 1914 41.4 66.6 14.7 152.4 58.4 86.3 98.3 118.4 200.7 97.8 102.6 103.0 103.6 1909- 1914 13.4 9.1 23.1 -1.0 44.2 20.6 37.3 37.9 44.6 65.0 38.1 27.6 29.0 30.7 1904- 1909 29.7 35.3 16.8 75.0 31.4 36.7 43.8 61.1 82.3 43.3 6a 7 67.4 55.7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Estimated, July 1, 1914. 3 Apr. 16, 1910. 4 No population census. Comparative summary, by industries. — ^Table 17 gives statistics for 1914 and 1909 for certain selected industries so far as separate figures can be presented. Table 17 All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Clothing, men's and women's. Electrical machinery, appara- tus, anU supphes. Foundry and machine-shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 CLEVEiAND METROPOUTAN DISTRICT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 2,432 2,230 232 210 174 189 140 140 270 239 = 15 2 14 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 127,582 103,709 7,977 7,116 2,306 1,732 12, 102 9,392 4,016 1,899 26,718 20,622 9,086 8,278 Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- 1,633 1,771 233 213 191 210 106 126 Sal- aried em- ploy- ees. 18,629 12,850 956^ 687 444 267 1,366 1,019 672 301 3,185 2,367 bi§kitmn^ Wage earners (aver- age, num- ber). 107,420 7,006 6,408 1,628 1,252 10,546 8,163 3,326 1,678 22,427 18, 140 Pri- mary horse- power. 296,737 216,166 10,867 9,135 1,803 14 1,720 1,117 4,831 1,980 39, 338 24,759 Capital. 23,633,040 16,600,162 2,964,338 2,619,019 11,767,832 8,259,271 11,330,192 3,308,386 69, 549, 161 42,445,280 Salaries. 1,741,396 875,471 536,776 312, 142 2,219,229 1,499,768 878,805 346,012 6,141,308 3,187,777 Wages. $204,039,634 159,896,454 1 Excludes statistics for two establishments, s Excludes statistics for one estabUshment, , to avoid disclosure of individual operations, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 5,371,159 4,022,846 1,235,596 820,767 5,413,103 3,998,818 1,948,238 760, 159 15,272,872 10,624,367 6,049,623 5,149,604 Cost of materials. 14,731,674 10,417,034 3,961,787 2,766,268 12,782,471 9,699,257 5,891,571 1,780,067 21,103,306 15,559,650 24,552,310 28,039,016 Value of products. $363,664,188 281,992,131 27,116,596 21,403,926 6,987,148 4,812 449 25,789,274 18,742,096 11,357,638 4,035,808 51,418,818 37,929,061 33,388,829 38,463,316 Value added by manufac- ture. $159,624,654 122,096,677 12,384,921 10,986,892 3,025,361 2,046,181 13,006,803 9,042,839 5,465,967 2,255,741 30,315,513 22,369,401 8,836,519 10,424,300 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1165 TaDle 17— Continued. Census year. CLEVELAND METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. Pri- mary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value of products. ' INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sal- aried em- ploy- Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Value added by manufac- ture. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 12 11 53 56 279 250 46 135 27 20 1,248 1,134 1,240 904 2,106 1,528 5,701 4,688 1,691 1,336 3,327 2,097 52,313 44,118 5 5 19 26 190 176 45 28 8 7 801 939 179 155 178 155 1,496 1,398 242 232 408 247 8,468 5,294 1,056 744 1,909 1,347 4,015 3,114 1,404 1,076 2,911 1,843 43,044 37,885 6,554 3,395 6,139 5,959 5,166 3,334 3,229 2,570 2,981 1,899 143,265 101,429 $10,541,169 9,887,715 2,429,374 2,647,529 8,154,848 6,957,828 6,491,772 3,555,435 5,012,387 4,092,596 145,735,235 111,451,342 $421,063 357,945 240,647 177,296 2,032,907 1,505,926 300,562 259,535 602,248 281,126 11,018,271 6,498,588 $804,651 593,579 1,208,660 799,965 3,447,881 2,013,158 959,552 699,489 1,870,597 1,155,072 26,366,921 20,117,453 $1,858,339 1,484,143 3,346,596 2,869,205 4,163,414 2,782,781 22,522,306 15,398,662 4,260,943 2,286,206 84,864,918 66,814,165 $6,528,168 5,124,478 5,410,562 4,299,586 14,014,686 9,648,012 24,977,759 17,192,048 8,620,601 4,977,096 148,054,210 115,364,265 $4,669,829 Lumber and timber products. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat pack- ing. Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. All other industries 3,640i335 , 2,063,966 1,430,381 9,851,272 6,865,231 2,455,453 1,793,386 4,359,658 2,690,890 63,189,292 48,550,100 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, There were 202 more establishments in the district in 1914 than in 1909, an increase of 9.1 per cent. The miinber of wage earners increased 18,332, or 20.6 per cent; value of products, $81,672,057, or 29 per cent; and value added by manufacture, $37,528,877, or 30.7 per cent. In 1914 of the 11 industries shown separately in the table, foundries and machine shops ranked highest in value of products, with 14.1 per cent of the total re- ported for all industries in the district, followed by steel works and rolling mOls, automobiles, including bodies and parts, and men's and women's clothing, with 9.2 per cent, 7.5 per cent, and 7.1 per cent, respectively. The greatest relative gain in value of products dur- ing the period 1909-1914 was in the manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies, 181.4 per cent. Cincinnati metropolitan district. — ^The metropohtan district of Cincinnati, which was eleventh in the United States in importance of manufactures in 1914, embraces 113,193 acres of territory, of which 44,615 acres constitute the area of Cincinnati. The changes in the area of Cincinnati city and of the metropohtan district since 1909 are due to annexation. The esti- to avoid disclosure of individual operations. mated population of Cincinnati in 1914 was 402,175, and that of the outside territory 191,600, the total for the district being 593,775. The metropolitan district comprises, in addition to Cincinnati, seven townships in Hamilton County, Ohio — Columbia, Delhi, Green, Miami, MUlcreek, Springfield, and Sycamore, and seven magisterial dis- tricts in Kentucky, the first, second, third, and fourth in Campbell County and the first, second, and third in Kenton County. The incorporated places of 10,000 inhabitants or over within the district besides Cincinnati are Nor- wood, Ohio; Newport, Ky., which comprises district 2 and part of district 1 in Campbell County; and Cov- ington, Ky., which comprises district 1 and parts of districts 2 and 3 in Kenton County. Summary for the district. — Table 18 is a summary for 1914 of the statistics of manufacturing industries, with a statement of the estimated population for 1914 of the cities of Cincinnati and Norwood in Ohio, and Covington and Newport cities, in Kentucky, and for the remainder of tte district. The percentages which the figures for Cincinnati represent of the total for the district are shown for each item. Table 18 Population i Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower , Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid tor contract work Eentriad taxes Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products cost of materials) CINOrNNATI METKOPOUTAN DISTRICT: 1914. The district. 593,775 2,629 94,240 2,302 13,759 78, 179 173,043 $224,325,862 63,164,396 18,679,661 44,484,735 1,928,176 12, 113, 790 161, 551, 784 287,816,191 Cincinnati. 402,175 2,135 72,858 1,898 11,099 59,861 106, 689 $157,468,156 48,411,159 15,252,076 33, 159,T)83 1,859,195 10,022,690 114, 106, 634 210,860,386 woniM W ' M infmft(M District exclusive of Cincinnati. Total. 191,600 494 21,382 404 2,660 18,318 66,354 $66, 857, 706 14,753,237 3,427,585 11,325,652 68, 981 2,091,200 47,445,150 76,955,805 Covington. Newport. Norwood, 65,896 161 3,736 139 398 3,199 7,095 $7, 777, 518 2,268,787 453, 604 1, 815, 183 31,057 932,993 3,729,637 8,265,496 ,.535,859 31, 617 100 2,216 92 244 1,880 6,731 $6,502,618 1,622,202 334, 633 1,287,669 11,381 268, 724 4,852,569 8,305,609 3,453,100 20,320 58 6,853 36 1,009 5,808 9,865 $21,102,363 4,867,844 1,253,862 3,613,982 13,328 666,354 7,216,950 16,724,360 9,507,410 Remainder. 83,867 175 8,577 137 1,009 7,431 42, 663 $32,475,307 5,994,404 1,385,486 4,608,918 13,215 223, 129 31,646,054 , 43,660,340 12,014,286 Per cent Cincin- nati is of total for dis- trict. 67.7 81.2 77.3 82.5 80.7 76.6 61.7 70.2 76.6 81.7 74.5 96.4 82.7 70.6 73.3 76.6 1 Estimated population, July 1, 1914. 1166 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. The accompanying outline map shows, for 1914, the territory and the cities and towns that are included in the metropohtan district of Cincinnati. In 1914 there were 2,629 manufacturing establish- ments in the Cincinnati metropohtan district, which gave employment to 94,240 persons during the year and paid out $63,164,396 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 78,179 were w.age earners. These establishments manufactured products valued at $287,816,191, to produce which materials were used costing $161,551,784. The value added by manufac- ture was thus $126,264,407. The greater part of the value of manufactured prod- ucts for the Cincinnati district was reported by the estabhshments within the central city. Cincinnati contained over 67.7 per cent of the population of the district and contributed 73.3 per cent of the value of products. Its manufacturing establishments consti- tuted 81.2 per cent of the total number in the district and gave employment to 76.6 per cent of the wage earners. Of the places outside Cincinnati for which separate statistics are given, Norwood had the largest value of products, representing 5.8 per cent of the total for the district. The districts outside of incorporated places having 10,000 or more inhabitants had a com- bined population equal to 14.1 per cent of the total for the district and contributed 15.2 per cent of the value of its products. ■Comparison with earlier censuses.i-jyT^Wa J Qi k . a comparative summary of the statistics WfEe^nrad- nati metropolitan district as a whole, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, together with the per ecnt of increase for the decade and for each five-year period. Table 19 Population Number of establish- ments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees. . . Wage earners (aver- age number) Primary horsepower Capital , Salaries and wages Salaries Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manuf ac- ^ ture (value of uroducts CINCINNATI METROPOLITAN DISTEICT. 1914 2593,775 2,629 94,240 2,302 13,759 78,179 173,043 8224,325,862 63,164,396 18,679,661 44,484,735 161,551,784 287,816,191 126,264,407 1909 3 563,804 2,827 96,571 2,593 12,646 80,332 140,254 $212,655,469 67,337,552 16,601,542 41,736,010 139,107,061 260,399,619 121,292,658 1904 2,600 85,147 2,587 9.826 72,735 91,798 $170,769,226 44,862,069 10,929,512 33,932,557 102,721,628 203,095,605 100,373,977 PEE CENT OF INCREASE.' 1904^ 1914 1.1 10.7 -11.0 40.0 7.5 88.5 31.4 40.8 70.9 31.1 67.3 41.7 25.8 1909- 1914 5.3 -7.0 -1.4 -11.2 8.8 -2.7 23.4 5.5 10. 19.7 6.6 16.1 10.5 4.1 1904- 1909 8.7 12.2 0.2 28.7 10.4 52.8 24.5 27.8 42.7 23.0 35.4 28.2 20. S 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Estimated, July 1, 1914. ' Apr. 15, 1910. ' No population census. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1167 In all items shown, except number of establishments, proprietors and firm members, and average number of wage earners, there were increases between 1909 and 1914, although the percentages of increase were smaller than for the five-year period 1904-1909. For the dec- ade and for each five-year period the relative increase was greater for primary horsepower and for salaries than for any other item. During the period 1909 to 1914 the population of the district increased 5.3 per cent, while value of products increased 10.5 per cent. Oomparative summary, hy industries. — -Table 20 gives statistics for 1914 and 1909 for certain selected industries so far as separate figures can be pre- sented . Table 20 Census year. CINCINNATI METKOPOLITAN DISTRICT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in Industry. Pri- mary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value-of products. INDUSTET. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salaried em- ployees. Wage earners (average num- ber). Value added by manu- fecture. All industries... . 1914 1909 1914 1909 2,629 2,827 94,240 95,571 2,302 2,593 13,759 12,646 78,179 80,332 173,043 140,254 1224,325,862 212,555,469 $18,679,661 15,601,542 544,484,735 41,736,010 $161,551,784 139,107,061 $287,816,191 260,399,619 $126,264,407 121,292,558 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 134 132 8,062 8,702 14 21 753 692 7,295 7,989 4,195 4,631 9,374,418 7,656,352 1,121,627 1,015,786 3,715,710 3,517,986 8,322,420 8,583,670 15,329,293 14,998,672 7,006,873 6,415,002 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 239 264 2,430 2,017 252 268 349 252 1,829 1,497 1,633 955 4,334,629 2,865,239 376,256 240,612 1,028,185 817,761 4,079,788 3,395,179 7,003,550 5,691,232 2,923,762 2,296,053 Carriages and wagons and ma- 1914 1909 89 99 2,193 3,370 92 86 313 433 1,788 2,851 2,863 3,325 4,771,707 6,020,606 405,372 455,415 1,220,153 1,621,880 3,147,252 4,367,976 5,524,566 8,157,665 2,477,314 3,789,689 Clotbing, men's and women's. 1914 1909 200 327 8,699 10,033 239 412 1,084 1,176 7,376 8,445 1,930 952 9,569,016 11,650,797 1,492,730 1,428,660 3,529,320 3,590,197 8,810,601 10,223,289 18,005,884 20,559,186 9,195,283 10,336,897 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 23 20 643 697 23 17 41 48 579 632 1,561 1,269 1,139,659 1,445,850 62,647 75,438 344,932 291,804 868,003 766,016 1,472,116 1,232,289 604,113 466,273 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. 1914 1909 71 65 1,989 1,390 65 61 324 203 1,600 1,126 1,784 1,409 5,588,204 2,652,111 444,290 203,115 975,699 548,651 5,952,598 2,969,1^ 8,599,456 4,470,093 2,646,858 1,500,940 TPprtili7.ers 1914 1909 5 5 561 442 104 96 457 346 2,664 1,314 3,752,357 1,551,162 159,592 70,217 279,947 156,346 1,878,678 1,003,766 3,057,798 1,675,679 1,179,120 671,913 Flags, banners, regalia, so- ciety badges and emblems. 1914 1909 9 8 524 498 4 3 84 92 436 403 287 317 650,910 668, 178 85,935 88,122 204,751 162,418 505,050 503,161 947,421 888,361 442,371 385,210 Floor-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. 1914 1909 12 11 108 124 9 8 35 38 64 78 1,272 1,062 708,580 570,850 42,162 42,339 45,479 53,614 1,296,760 1,432,174 1,483,538 1,635,493 186,778 203,319 Foundry and machine-shop products. 1914 1909 264 238 13,086 13,716 180 130 2,078 1,880 10,828 11,706 24,317 18,372 34,151,282 29,542,095 2,975,539 2,378,730 6,953,498 6,793,105 10,218,799 11,127,047 26,222,485 26,186,468 16,003,686 15,059,421 ^ Furnishing goods, men's 1914 1909 10 10 306 302 11 13 49 45 246 244 72 14 183,007 283,746 56,738 50,618 91,689 76,599 393,830 509,649 672,434 760,348 278,604 250,699 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 55 63 3,151 3,059 66 68 351 237 2,734 2,754 5,300 5,079 5,691,168 4^953, 60O 460,148 291,900 1,451,417 1,422,175 2, 339, 873 2,338,774 5,643,267 5,646,080 3,303,394 3,307,306 1914 1909 24 15 369 243 3 5 It 290 180 7,242 4,471 2,790,427 2,343,548 95,740 73,093 188,820 115,427 225,503 161,161 652,204 567,814 426,701 406,663 1914 1909 17 19 673 664 17 23 127 106 529 535 386 252 1,887,750 1,500,970 160,411 100,886 258,785 278,188 1,043,641 799,653 1,801,207 1,518,778 757,566 719,125 Lumber and timber products . 1914 1909 68 80 2,452 2,809 56 66 319 330 2,077 2,413 7,024 9,318 5,135,332 8,398,650 406,791 412,386 1,331,419 1,306,785 3,327,343 4,345,585 6,056,740 7,401,558 2,729,397 3,055,973 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 36 39 447 396 37 47 57 43 353 306 1,290 1,012 709,076 639,390 67,400 50,846 233,616 208,549 294,137 290,104 818,816 731,691 624,679 441,587 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 340 318 7,167 6,806 286 281 1,606 1,525 5,275 6,000 7,244 6,058 13,606,026 13,183,475 1,829,329 1,638,634 3,803,956 3,236,020 5,423,011 4,220,558 16,663,824 13,998,611 11,240,8B 9,778,05S Slaughtering and meat packing 1914 1909 56 61 1,456 1,400 75 78 223 183 1,158 1,139 6,029 3,745 4,518,282 4,701,132 286,426 204,899 785,146 683,196 22,164,010 17,497,119 23,901,092 19,922,613 1,737,082 2,425,494 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 218 300 2,972 3,462 237 321 236 243 2,499 2,898 560 634 2,763,857 3,009,283 258,803 267,593 1,101,157 1,126,640 2,237,639 2,421,365 5,271,810 5,496,839 3,034,171 3,075,474 All other industries 1914 1909 859 853 36,952 35,441 636 685 5,550 4,966 30,766 29,790 96,390 76,065 113,000,175 108,918,435 7,891,725 6,522,253 16,941,056 15,728,669 79,022,848 62,151,672 138,588,690 118,860,149 59,565,842 56,708,477 1 Excluding statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. WhUe there were decreases in the total number of establishments, proprietors, and firm members, and wage earners reported for the district during the census period 1909-1914, increases are shown for every other item. The principal industry of the dis- trict is foundry and machine-shop products, with slaughtering and meat packing, men's and woi; clothing, printing and publishing, an(0/^M&Z£ ranking next in the order named. Of these five lead- ing groups, slaughtering and meat packing shows the greatest relative gain in value of products, there being an increase of 20 per cent since 1909. Printing and pubhshing follows with 19 per cent increase. The relative gains for the foundry and machine-shop and . Loot and^joe industries were very small, while there lyHfakQ^bcitMe of 12.4 per cent in the clothing industry. 1168 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Character of ownership. — ^Table 21 presents statistics concerning character of ownersMp, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments it is necessary to omit several important industries from the table. Table 21 DTDUSTET AND CITY. All industries.. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Bread and otber bakery products.' Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and con- , densed milk. Carriages and wagons and materials. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roast- ing amd grinding. Confectionery Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. riour-mill and gristmill products. ^Foundry and machine- shop products. Pumiture and refrigera- tors. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing . Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures- . . Total for cities. , Akron Alliance Ashtabula Barbeeton Bellaibe CAMBEroGE Canton Chillicoihe Cincinnati Cleveland Columbus Coshocton Dayton , East Cleveland. . . East Liveepool Elyeia , FlNDLAY fostoeia Feemont Hamilton Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY — Indi- vidu- als. 6,959 6,978 6,590 1,318 1,232 135 228 70 87 14P 183 131 227 67 62 6 5 44 41 20 18 263 336 283 7 12 614 753 829 963 4,029 115 24 26 17 21 12 107 21 935 1,005 266 21 214 3 30 23 25 15 16 Cor- pora- tions 5,775 5,123 4,008 299 304 102 72 105 127 137 121 762 112 122 83 83 285 285 562 483 51 47 67 46 144 19 26 10 13 18 140 18 24 219 2 36 34 37 23 36 63 All oth- ers. 2,924 3,037 3,187 13 235 165 115 171 114 166 249 272 194 173 336 343 34 31 115 137 1,565 7 6 9 29 7 414 308 109 2 90 2 14 6 16 13 17 AVERAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. Total. 610, 435 446, 934 364,298 6,464 6,997 18, 752 12,130 14, 674 16,026 5,972 27,334 23,985 1,480 1,067 6,997 8,815 10,758 9,960 9,775 8,843 762 3,149 2,493 12,696 8,073 2,363 2,585 73, 103 64, 817 7,831 8,232 5,340 4,356 11, 921 13, 456 18, 070 16, 756 3,619 3,086 13,282 12,631 387, 632 24, 680 2,333 1,868 3,118 2,603 1,465 12, 255 1,557 69, 861 103,317 17,236 1,614 24,061 129 4,830 2,735 1,737 1,252 2,063 6,043 In establishments owned by — Indi- vidu- als. 69 51 188 147 381 307 3,246 2,824 1,231 1,729 125 163 817 1,256 2,146 2,873 270 478 604 1,909 2,108 777 3,181 3,797 2,895 2,745 360 463 3,133 3,269 23,040 424 63 133 50 303 36 510 90 6,902 6,421 1,232 54 1,219 109 140 74 42 36 303 Cor- pora- 449, 244 378, 473 288,591 5,232 5,798 18,521 11,755 14, 072 13,867 3,566 2,642 24,993 20,845 1,183 701 4,516 6,395 6,484 2,823 7 ' sl'sio 768 ■ 618 2,514 1,726 12,482 7,855 1/ 1,310 68, 436 6,607 6,800 5,200 4,010 6,583 7,036 13,426 10,832 3,108 2,475 7,155 6,621 343, 180 24, 141 2,220 1,693 3,050 2,281 1,394 11, 545 1,316 46, 679 91, 218 15,108 1,629 21, 542 1129 4,565 2,586 1,557 1,178 1,978 5,424 All oth- ers. 28, 563 34,116 38, 727 173 148 43 228 221 1,852 853 606 1,110 1,411 172 203 664 1,164 3,128 4,254 1,790 2,444 41 121 365 387 125 109 591 671 2,758 2,871 547 537 91 205 2,157 2,623 1,749 2,179 161 148 2,994 2,751 21, 412 115 60 42 18 19 25 200 152 7,280 5,678 896 31 1,300 166 9 106 32 49 316 Indi- vidu. Per cent of total. 6.4 7.7 10.2 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.2 2.6 1 42.3 47.3 4.5 7.2 8.4 16.3 13.6 14.2 19.9 7.1 6.7 1.6 3.0 16.2 0.7 1.4 20.2 23.4 2. 3.3 10.9 0.9 3.2 26.7 28.2 16.0 17.4 9.7 15.0 23.6 25.8 5.9 1.7 2.3 7.1 1 11.6 2.5 4.2 5.7 11.5 6.2 7.1 3.3 5.1 2.3 5.1 4.3 3.4 1.7 5.0 Cor- pora- tions 88.0 84.7 79.2 95.8 96.7 96.9 95 86.5 46.5 42.6 91.4 86.9 79.9 65.7 75.3 72.6 51.0 28.4 74.6 65.7 93.4 81.1 79.8 69.2 98.3 97.3 54.8 60.7 92.3 83.1 82.6 97.4 92.1 65.2 62.3 74.3 68.7 85.9 80.2 53.9 62.4 97, 95.2 90.6 97.8 87.6 95.8 S4.2 84.5 76.3 88.3 87.7 94.7 89.5 94.3 94.6 89.6 94.1 95.9 89.8 All oth- ers. 5.6 7.6 10. 3.2 2.5 0.2 1.9 1.5 11.6 11.1 10.1 4.1 6.9 11.6 19.0 11.1 13.2 29.1 42.8 18.3 27.6 5.0 15.9 11.6 16.6 1.0 1.4 26.0 26.0 3 4.4 1.7 4.7 18.1 19.5 9:7 13. 4.4 4.8 22.5 21.8 5.5 0.5 2.5 2.2 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.6 9.8 12.2 5.5 5.2 1. 5.4 3.4 0.3 6.1 2.6 2.4 5.2 VALUE OF PHODUCTS. Total. 17,484,615 14,440,461 .85,710,585 38,838,754 33,641,706 31,550,957 30,560,881 23,007,131 38,667,S74 30,531,002 19,325,977 9,689,670 16, 192, 449 21,949,469 27, 621, 829 24,869,437 22,881,763 19,493,060 13,312,493 11,224,437 10, 133, 602 7,306,674 36, 120, 978 18, 776, 769 45,171,200 48,093,353 178,865,069 145,836,648 16,687,466 16, 268, 767 31,990,274 25,332,069 31, 852, 694 34„597,069 55,608,924 41,657,306 66,674,379 50,804,100 28,467,079 28,907,269 1,380,537,449 122, I: 8, 12, 3 43; 4, 210, 352, 57, 3, 71, ' Includes the groui €)f§itpze'&t'f 'Mpcmsi©##^' 291,600 174, 766 020, 991 843,422 170,206 923, 786 713, 446 083, 486 860,386 418, 052 608, 084 476, 686 071, 374 295, 786 092, 903 791, 734 662, 778 124, 679 779,982 877,260 Of establishments owned by — Individ- uals. 19,037,502 S, 075, 465 10, 034, 364 $1,601,796,776 1,249,778,444 777,392,416 168, 920 122, 107 846, 119 227, 816 604, 945 514, 920 12,755,385 10,381,455 1,568,978 2,060,316 1,352,416 1, 592, 131 1,739,476 2,345,765 3, 372, 090 4,235,966 1,336,251 750, 916 285,284 302,060 662,041 909,991 257, 038 231,362 6, 438, 927 8, 472, 566 4, 631, 336 4, 727, 124 1,358,558 1,698,( 219,265 644,346 6, 458, 968 7, 708, .569 7,323,345 6,510,373 6, 758, 736 7,690,049 5,385, 5, 121. 142 61,914,475 1,249,626 189, 478 481, 678 188, 073 401,225 107, 104 1,141,757 409:470 20,172,013 14,847,376 3, 781, 963 191, 670 3, 440, 623 336,296 656,191 235, 748 166. 871 144; 794 958,393 Corpora- tions. 16,335,978 13, 792, 458 84,747,433 37,002,042 32,280,762 27, 675, 486 14,279,550 10,294,221 35,528,829 26,590,683 18,076,924 5, 874, 514 12,454,694 16, 744, 853 14,071,619 7,246,115 16,853,882 13,534,496 12,274,339 9,911,609 8, 746, 206 5,479,072 35, 620, 772 18, 204, 476 28, 824, 681 27, 976, 676 167,474,030 134,769,000 14, 213, 038 13, 490, 067 31,429,717 23, 130, 542 19, 661, 114 20,765,660 43,308,709 29,673,914 54,632,018 39,069,665 19,175,244 20,070,332 1,251,814,236 120,416,724 6, 714, 898 4,440,431 8, 539, 623 11,608,030 3,669,907 42,005,773 3,399,200 168,157,011 318, 827, 846 50,621,905 3,229,540 64, 948, 376 1295,786 6,456,349 8, 168, 421 4,066,636 6,571,147 4, 626, 378 15,131,042 All others. $91, 974, 001 100,081,908 103, 385, 087 979, 717 525, 896 117, 033 756,008 3,360,551 3,525,946 2,331,455 1,569,567 1,880,003 1,896,637 2,223,025 1,998,280 2,858,841 10,178,220 13,387,356 4,691,620 5,207,648 752,870 1,010,768 825,355 917,511 343, 168 340, 941 9,907,592 11,645,211 6, 849, 703 6,350,524 1,115,870 1, 070, 674 341,292 1,557,171 5,742,612 6, 122, 840 4,976,870 6,473,019 6, 283, 625 4,044,496 3,905,969 3i 715, 796 66,808,738 625,250 270, 390 98,982 115,726 160, 951 146,775 565,916 274, 816 22, 631, 362 18, 742, — 3,304,226 56,576 2,682,475 300,258 67, 122 360,394 386, 661 108, 810 787, 825 Indi- vidu- Per cent of total. Cor pora- tions 41.7 45.1 93.4 95.5 95.3 96.0 87.7 46.7 44.7 4.1 91.9 6.7 87.1 7.0 16.4 10.7 10.7 12.2 17.0 5.8 2.1 2.7 5.5 12.6 0.7 1.2 14.3 17.6 2.6 3.2 8.1 10.4 0.7 2.5 20.3 22.3 13.2 15.6 10.1 15.1 18.9 17.7 1.0 2.6 9.6 2.1 3.3 2.7 2.6 10.0 9.6 4.2 6.6 5.6 4.8 6.3 5.1 2.7 3.0 6.7 83.2 60.6 76.9 76. 50.9 29.1 73.7 69.4 92.2 88.3 86.3 76.0 98.3 97.0 63, 68.2 93.6 92.4 85.2 83.0 91.3 61.7 60.0 77.9 71.2 81.9 76.9 67.4 69.4 90.7 98.6 93.6 88.4 96.6 95.4 93.5 96.1 83.2 79.7 90.5 87.7 92.9 91.4 91.0 92.9 87.2 91.0 94 AU oth- ers. 5.2 7.0 10.8 0.1 4.1 2.2 10.7 11.5 10.1 4.1 6.2 9.8 22.9 12.3 1^.0 36.9 53.8 20.5 26.7 5.7 9.0 8.1 12.6 1.0 1.8 21.9 24.2 3.8 4.4 6.7 6.6 1.1 6.1 18.0 17.7 8.9 13.2 7.9 8.0 13.7 12.9 4.8 0.5 3.8 2.0 1.3 1.3 3.7 1.3 6.7 10.7 5.3 5.7 1.6 3.8 4.2 0.8 7.7 6.3 2.3 4.7 ■e of individual operations. MANUFACTURES-OHIO. 1169 Table 81— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. lEONTON LAKEWOOD Lancaster Lima Lorain Mansfield Marietta Marion Massillon MiDDLETOWN Mount Vernon Newark Norwood PiQUA Portsmouth Sandusky Springfield Steubentille... Tiffin. Toledo Warren youngstown... Zanesville Cen- sus year. 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— Indi- Cor- vidu- pora- als. tions. 14 31 14 7 23 19 41 42 28 32 46 37 24 33 27 27 37 3C 24 29 14 9 34 25 23 3C 34 3(, 31 33 41 53 111 91 23 22 33 22 290 303 33 39 S6 82 44 40 All otli- ers. 14 20 14 12 3 10 4 20 5 14 12 13 51 16 21 120 10 33 13 AVERAGE NUMBER Ot' WAGE EARNERS. Total. 1,420 1,774 1,583 4,876 6,436 1,401 2,577 1,768 4,003 772 4,583 5, — 2,777 3,597 2,727 7,868 4,506 2,177 27,076 2, 15, 861 3,035 In establishments owned by — Indi- vidu- als. 94 1434 87 120 40 208 90 74 177 87 50 220 75 122 77 157 439 78 317 1,041 86 278 558 Cor- pora- tions. 1,143 1,340 1,436 4,619 6,336 2,862 1,153 2,479 1,580 3,883 709 3,858 5,691 2,544 3,468 2,415 7,003 4,375 1,757 24, 632 2, 15, 439 1,639 All oth- ers. 183 60 137 60 328 158 24 11 33 13 505 42 111 52 155 426 53 103 ,403 79 144 838 Indi- vidu- als. Per cent of total. Cor- pora- 6.6 24.5 5.5 2.5 0.6 6.1 6.4 2.9 10.0 2.2 6.5 4.8 1.3 4.4 2.1 5.8 _5.6 1.7 14.6 3.8 3.0 1.8 18.4 80.5 75.5 90.7 94.7 98.4 84.2 82.3 96.2 89.4 97.0 91.8 84.2 98.0 91.6 96.4 88.6 89.0 97.1 80.7 91.0 94.2 97.3 54.0 All oth- ers. 12.9 2. 0. 9.7 11.3 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.7 11.0 0.7 4.0 1.4 5.7 5.4 1.2 4.7 5.2 2.8 0.9 27.6 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. Total. $4, 666, 185 3,606,498 4, 602, 615 11, 598, 580 29, 110, 037 10,281,968 4,128,618 6,384,864 5,293,124 21,787,151 2,302,669 9, 276, 762 16, 724, 360 7,988,279 7,682,145 8,284,865 27, 721, 789 16, 958, 987 4, 995, 880 115,049,426 10,399,737 92,111,272 8, 300, 231 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. S143, 954 1 594, 784 251, 656 606, 718 144,226 455,534 204, 425 212, 432 374, 673 213,240 93, 896 465, 729 180, 651 501, 810 411, 168 504, 681 1,399,218 220, 660 932, 100 3,246,273 208, 895 771, 844 875, 880 Corpora- tions. J4, 307, 442 3,011,714 3, 894, 283 10,826,368 28,905,193 8, 857, 109 3, 645, 653 6, 082, 327 4,882,357 21, 497, 753 2,073,283 7, 857, 081 16, 456, 088 7,229,095 7,119,608 7,273,361 24, 688, 487 16,510,323 3,821,406 107, 234, 068 9, 964, 379 90, 776, 424 4, 205, 411 All others. $214, 789 456, 676 265, 494 1 60, 618 969,325 278, 540 90, 105 36, 094 76,158 135,491 953, 952 87, 621 257, 374 151, 379 506,823 1, 634, 084 228,004 242,374 4,569,085 226,463 563,004 3,218,940 Per cent of total. Indi- vidu- als. 3.1 116.5 5.5 4.4 0.5 4.4 5.0 3.3 7.1 1.0 4.1 5.0 1.1 6.3 5.4 6.1 5.0 1.3 18.7 2.8 2.0 0.8 10.6 Cor- pora- tions 92.3 83.5 84 93.3 99.3 95.3 92.2 98.7 90.0 84.7 98.4 90.5 92.7 87.8 89.1 97.4 76.5 93.2 95.8 98.6 50.7 All oth- ers. 4.6 9.9 2.3 0.2 6.7 1.4 0.7 0.3 5.9 10.3 0.5 3.2 2.0 6.1 5.9 1.3 4.8 4.0 2.2 0.6 38.8 1 Includes the group " all others." For all industries combined, there was a considerable increase during the decade in number of estabhsh- ments under corporate ownership. .Although cor- porations show a smaller proportion of the establish- ments than the other two classes combined, in value of products and average number of wage earners they largely predominate. In 1914, with 36.9 per cent of the total number of estabhshments iu the state, they reported 89.8 per cent of the total value of products and 88 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the correspondiug pro- portions were somewhat less. In 1914 there was only one industry among those mentioned in the table — bread and other bakery- products — where the estab- lishments imder other forms of ownership exceeded the corporations in value of products and average number of wage earners. In the cities, taken as a group, 41.8 per cent of the number of establishments were reported as under corporate ownership, while 88.5 per cent of the total number of wage earners and 90.7 per cent of the total value of products were reported from this class of establishments. Among the individ- ual cities, the greatest proportion of value of products reported by establishments under corporate ownership, 99.3 per cent, is shown for Lorain, while the smallest proportion, 50.7 per cent, appears for ZanesviUe. Size" of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 22. Table 22 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 15,658 15,138 13,785 510,435 446,934 364,298 $1,782,808,279 $1,437,935,817 8960,811,857 $762,026,264 $613,733,870 $433,175,272 5,105 4,614 3,464 2,175 300 5,095 4,474 3,405 1,919 245 4,857 4,147 3,083 1,562 136 6,151 20,996 61,756 229,226 192,306 7,021 23,571 64,853 208,656 142,833 7,831 24,003 66,880 181,411 84,173 . 12,447,953 47,806,840 159,828,466 655,779,382 906,945,638 12,198,229 46,028,999 156,080,099 557,384,719 666,243,771 11,864,202 42,532,939 139,906,296 434,781,943 331.726,477 7,755,381 27,043,887 79,804,644 308,732,635 338,689,717 7,811,667 26,309,694 76,806,063 258,737,951 244,068,505 7,737,680 $5,000 to $20,000 24,242,565 71,518,400 202,893,808 126,782,819 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEE CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $6,000 32.6 29.5 22.1 13.9 1.9 33.7 29.6 22.5 12.7 1.6 35.2 30.1 22.4 11.3 LO 1.2 41 12.1 44.9 37.7 1.6 5.3 14.5 46.6 32.0 2.1 6.6 18.4 49.8 23.1 0.7 2.7 9.0 36.8 50.9 0.8 3.2 10.9 38.8 46.3 L2 4.4 14.6 45.3 34.5 1.0 3.5 10.5 40.5 44.4 1.3 4.3 12.5 42.2 39.8 $3,000 to $20,000 . 5.6 $20,000 to $100,000 16 5 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 4a 8 29.3 82101°— 18 74 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1170 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. For 1914, 300 establishments, or 1.9 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $1,000,000 in value, as compared with 245, or 1.6 per cent, in 1909, and 136, or 1 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported an aver- age of 192,306 wage earners, or 37.7 per cent of the total for the state, 50.9 per cent of the total value of products, and 44.4 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estab- lishments — those having products valued at less than $5,000 in value — represented 32.6 per cent of the total number of establishments, but reported only 1.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, seven-tenths of 1 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts, and 1 per cent of the total value added by manu- facture. For the estabUshments'havuig products val- ued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total shows an increase at each successive census — 79.8 per cent in 1904 to 85.1 per cent in 1909 and 87.7 per cent in 1914. Table 23 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 20 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 22. Table 23 numbee of establish- ments. AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. VALTTE of PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUEE. INDU3TEY AND VALUE OF PKODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1009 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Ageicultukal imple- ments 59 55 100.0 100.0 5,464 5,997 100.0 100.0 $17,484,615 $14,440,461 100.0 100.0 $9,674,830 $8,121,942 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 .10 15 11 19 4 102 8 10 12 22 3 75 16.9 25.4 18.6 32.2 6.8 100.0 14.5 18.2 21.8 40.0 5.5 100.0 8 75 287 3,024 2,070 18,752 12 • 50 291 3,340 2,304 12,130 0.1 1.4 5.3 55.3 37.9 100.0 0.2 0.8 4.9 55.7 38.4 100.0 17,421 129,534 638,360 9,171,804 7,527,496 85,710,585 19,452 117, 250 652,373 8, 389, 730 5,261,656 38, 838, 754 0.1 0.7 3.7 52.5 43.1 100.0 0.1 0.8 4.5 58.1 36.4 100.0 11,353 76,840 344,419 4,723,398 4,518,820 30,380,088 12,550 69,183 391,332 4,696,335 2,952,542 20,316,756 0.1 0.8 3.6 48.8 46.7 100.0 0.2 $5,000 to S20,000 0.8 $20,000 to $100,000. 4.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Automobiles, includ- ing BODIES AND PAETS 57.8 36.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 9 22 25 31 15 73 7 12 21 22 13 72 8.8 21.6 24.5 30.4 14.7 100.0 9.3 16.0 28.0 29.3 17.3 100.0 13 123 408 2,803 15,405 14,674 8 73 549 2,714 8,786 16,026 0.1 0.7 2.2 14.9 82.2 100.0 0.1 0.6 4.5 22.4 72.4 100.0 31,469 228,633 1,251,485 10,946,115 73,252,883 33,641,705 20,426 148,768 941,263 7,244,613 . 30,483,684 31,550,957 1.5 12.8 85.5 100.0 0.1 0.4 2.4 18.7 78.5 100.0 23,279 139,509 602,442 4,269,205 25,345,653 13,758,680 13,391 93,643 555,539 3,586,193 16,068,090 12,678,950 0.1 0.5 2.0 14.1 .83.4 100.0 0.1 $5,000 to $20,000 0.5 $20,000 to $100,000-. 2.7 $100,000 to $1,000,000....... $1,000,000 and over... 17.6 79.1 Boots and shoes, in- cluding CUT stock AND FINDINGS 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 5 4 17 37 10 1,634 4 9 9 40 10 1,467 6.8 5.5 23.3 50.7 13.7 100.0 5.6 12.5 12.5 55.6 13.9 100.0 5 50 407 6,516 7,696 7,665 17 75 334 7,368 8,232 5,972 (') 0.3 2.8 44.4 52.4 100.0 0.1 0.5 2.1 46.0 51.4 100.0 14,662 32,406 663,486 14,994,171 17,936,980 30,660,881 9,827 94,097 404,621 14,136,417 16,905,995 23,007,131 (') 0.1 2.0 44.6 53.3 100. (') 0.3 1.3 44.8 53.6 100.0 7,920 22,932 321,430 6,412,068 6,994,330 13,265,708 5,272 54,113 199,611 5, 555, 195 6,864,759 9,340,898 0.1 0.2 2.3 46.6 50.8 100.0 ^'L $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. 1.6 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 43.8 54.2 Beead and other bakeey peoducts . . 100.0 608 781 192 53 549 557 726 151 33 703 37.2 47.8 11.8 3.2 100.0 38.0 49.5 10.3 2.2 100.0 444 1,933 1,806 3,482 27,334 397 1,854 1,458 2,263 23, 985 5.8 25.2 23.6 45.4 100.0 6.6 31.0 24.4 37.9 100.0 1,800,731 7,499,783 6,997,065 14,263,302 38,667,374 1,618,993 6,687,277 5,521,220 9,179,641 30,531,002 5.9 24.5 22.9 46.7 100.0 7.0 29.1 24.0 39.9 100.0 813,222 3,357,491 2,777,910 6,317,085 26,491,419. 715,540 2,756,564 2,058,762 3,810,032 21,865,179 6.1 25.3 20.9 47.6 100.0 7.7 $5,000 to $20,000 29.5 $20,000 to $100,000 22.0 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Beick, tile, pottery, and othee clay products 40.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 157 134 141 117 286 261 182 177 83 325 28.6 24.4 25.7 21.3 100.0 37.1 25.9 25.2 11.8 100.0 363 1,207 5,874 19,890 1,480 677 1,709 7,426 44,173 1,067 1.3 4.4 21.5 72.8 100.0 2.8 7.1 31.0 59.1 100.0 423, 500 1,434,741 7,490,793 29,318,340 19,325,977 706,168 1,922,171 8,981,173 18,921,490 9,689,670 1.1 3.7 19.4 75.8 100.0 2.3 6.3 29.4 62.0 100.0 319,637 1,112,396 5,203,049 19,856,337 3, 357, 766 559,824 1,481,596 6,632,734 13,191,025 2,004,234 1.2 4.2 19.6 75.0 100.0 2.6 $5,000 to $20,000 6.8 $20,000 to $100,000 30.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 60.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 78 78 89 2 41 341 123 104 77 21 407 27.3 27.3 31.1 14.3 100.0 37.8 32.0 23.7 6.5 100.0 32 85 301 1,062 5,997 54 112 282 619 8,815 2.2 5.7 20.3 71.8 100.0 5.1 10.5 26.4 58.0 100.0 224, 993 876,869 3, 970, 052 14,254,063 16,192,449 333,801 1,059,718 2,890,024 5,406,067 21,949,459 1.2 4.5 20.5 73.8 100.0 3.4 10.9 29.8 55.8 100.0 38,586 153,231 579,270 2,586,679 7,631,487 71,210 195,725 512,961 1,224,348 10,535,458 1.1 4.6 17.3 77.0 100.0 3.6 $5,000 to $20,000 9.8 $20,000 to $100,000 25.6 $100,000 and over . - 61.1 Caekiages and wag- ons AND MATERIALS. 100.0 Less than $5,000 80 137 80 44 257 84 172 89 62 342 23.5 40.2 23.5 12.9 100.0 20.6 42.3 21.9 15.2 100.0 129 751 1,691 3,526 10, 758 155 1,073 1,968 5,619 9,950 2.2 12.5 26.5 58.8 100.0 1.8 12; 2 22.3 63.7 100.0 220,067 1, 459, 998 3,698,094 10,814,290 27,621,829 227, 147 1,788,714 4,250,008 15, 683, 590 24,869,437 1.4 9.0 22.8 66.8 100.0 1.0 8.1 19.4 71.5 100.0 149,703 949,809 1,877,851 4,654,124 13,865,495 154,619 1,118,304 2,092,509 7, 170, 026 11,949,357 2.0 12.4 24.6 61.0 100.0 1.5 $5,000 to $20,000-- 10.6 $20,000 to 8100,000 19.9 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Clothing, men's, in- cluding SHIRTS 68.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 75 63 61 58 170 119 116 53 54 153 29.2 24,5 23.7 22.6 100.0 34.8 33.9 15.5 15.8 100.0 372 999 1,880 7,507 9,775 549 1,784 1,537 6,080 8,843 3.5 9.3 17.5 69.8 100.0 5.6 17.9 15.4 . 61.1 100.0 177, 731 625,132 3,121,828 23,697,138 22,881,753 296,605 1,084,327 2,701,557 20,786,948 19,493,060 0.6 2.3 11.3 85.8 100.0 1.2 4.4 10.9 83.6 lOO.-O 159,608 512,154 1,661,958 11,531,775 10,791,914 284,219 945,399 1,302,380 9,417,359 9,202,477 1.2 3.7 12.0 83.2 100.0 2.4 $5,000 to 520,000.-. 7.9 $20,000 to $100,000 10.9 $100,000 and over 2 78.8 Clothing, -women's--. 100.0 Less than $5,000 38 29 56 43 4 iLl 42 27 42 39 3 22.4 17.1 .32.9 2.5. 3 9 ± 27.4 17.6 27.4 25.5 2.0 3nth of 121 211 1,413 J. 658 L per 6?n 154 316 1,234 1.2 2.2 14.5 1.7 3.6 14.0 87,497 310, 333 3,063,293 11,997,974 2Incl 103,484 286,802 2, 162, 544 ..U^62,057 0.4 1.4 13.4 62.4 ^0 i 0.5 1.5 11.1 59.3 97 fi 76,978 193,533 1,412,576 5,528,331 3,580,496 id over-" 88,862 209, 521 969,694 6,277,791 0.7 1.8 13.1 51.2 1 $5,000 to S20.000 2 3 $20,000 to $100,000. 10.5 57.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over.-.- 3SS than one-t lrZBu"U} udes the group "$1,000,000 ai MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1171 Table 23— Continued. INDUSTEY AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. Coffee and spice, eoAlStinq and gkind- ING Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 120,000 to $100,000..-. $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Confectionery. Lees than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over.. Blectricai, machin- eky, apparatus, and supplies Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000 000.:. $1,000,000 and over Flour-mill and gristmill products. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Foundry and ma- chine-shop PROD- UCTS Loss than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Furniture and ee- peigeeat0r3 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 2. LiQUOES, MALT.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Lumber and timber . products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Feinting and pub- lishing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Slaughtering and meat packing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000...... $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over... Tobacco manufac- tures Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1911 35 1 7 10 14 4 132 119 649 61 239 279 61 1,379 261 337 402 355 24 213 37 52 79 45 .101 475 388' 240 85 1,783 539 319 85 169 961 1909 3 4 10 18 4 114 27 36 32 2 19 115 33 2 37 673 41 191 368 64 9 1,218 198 303 401 293 23 35 54 101 38 1,390 574 453 284 79 1,655 795 524 260 72 4 158 1,146 184 64 34 4 Per cent distribmion. 1911 1909 100.0 20.0 28.6 40.0 11.4 100.0 19.7 30.3 30.3 19.7 100.0 18.5 18.5 26.9 27.7 8.4 100.0 9.4 36.8 43.0 9.4 1.4 100.0 18.9 24.4 29.2 25.7 1.7 100.0 17.4 24.4 37.1 21.1 100.0 3.0 4.0 25.7 60.4 6.9 100.0 40.0 32.6 20.2 7.2 100.0 46.7 30.2 17.9 4.8 0.4 100.0 3.6 14.2 34.9 36.7 10.7 100.0 70.7 18.2 6.3 4.4 0.4 100.0 7.7 10.3 25.6 46.2 10.3 100.0 23.7 31.6 28.1 16.7 100.0 16.5 22.6 28,7 32.2 100.0 6.1 28.4 54.7 9.5 1.3 16.3 24.9 24.1 1.9 100.0 1-5.4 23.7 44.3 16.7 100.0 3.8 6.7 34.3 49.5 5.7 100.0 41.3 32.6 20.4 5.7 100.0 48.0 31.7 15,7 4,4 0,2 100,0 4,4 11,4 38.0 38.6 7,6 100,0 75,0 16,1 5,6 3,0 0,3 AVERAGE NUMBER" OF WAGE EARNERS. 1911 14 52 431 325 3,149 40 158 715 2,236 12,695 35 101 572 3,995 7,992 2,363 290 870 659 512 73,103 333 1,716 8,956 45, 375 16,723 7,831 39 316 2,017 5,459 5,340 2 17 344 3,132 1,845 11,921 767 2,009 3,930 5,215 18,070 1,021 2,524 5,159 6,882 2,484 3,619 1 25 179 1,017 2,397 13, 282 579 1,087 1,990 7,060 2,566 1909 2 10 45 407 2,493 31 178 540 1,744 8,073 32 138 695 7,208 2,586 33 207 1,051 750 544 64,817 280 1,830 9,752 38, 663 14,392 8,232 357 3,086 4,746 4,356 5 30 467 2,370 1,484 13, 456 1,121 2,561 4,901 4,873 15,756 1,095 2,823 4,713 5,624 1,501 11 19 224 1,088 1,744 12,631 1,263 2,218 6,010 2,332 Per eent distribution. 1914 1909 100,0 1.7 6.3 52.4 39.5 100.0 1.3 5.0 22.7 71.0 100.0 0.3 0.8 4.5 31.5 63.0 1.4 12.3 27.9 21.7 100.0 0.5 2.3 12.3 62.1 22,9 100,0 0,5 4,0 25,8 69,7 100,0 m 0,3 6,4 58,7 34,6 100,0 6,4 16,9 33,0 43,7 100,0 5,7 14,0 28,6 38,1 13,7 100,0 0,7 4,9 28,1 66,2 100,0 4,4 8,2 15,0 53,2 19,3 100.0 0.3 1.3 5.9 53.4 39.1 100.0 1.2 7.1 21.7 70.0 0.4 1.7 8.6 100.0 1.3 8.0 40.7 29.0 21.0 100.0 0.4 2,8 15,0 69,5 22,2 100,0 37,5 67.7 100.0 0.1 0.7 10,7 54,4 34,1 19,0 36,4 36,2 100,0 6,9 17,9 29,9 35.7 9,5 100,0 0,4 0,6 7,3 35,3 56,5 100,0 6,4 10,0 17,6 47,6 18,5 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1911 $13,312,493 58, 351 559, 877 5, 195, 542 7, 498, 723 10,133,602 36,120,978 60,755 231, 162 1,604,114 9,693,597 24,631,350 45,171,200 178,668 2, 920, 130 12, 458, 066 14, 522, 437 15,091,899 178, 855, 069 3,712,809 19, 493, 656 109,442,622 45, 541, 419 16,687,466 87, Oil 573,661 3,860,281 12,176,513 31, 990, 274 5,047 49,665 1,390,076 18,316,357 12,229,129 31,852,694 1,086,251 3,876,768 10,563,342 16,328,333 55,608,924 2,103,822 5,257,186 13,369,214 22,557,184 12,321,518 66,674,379 15, 467 298, 200 2, 904, 473 20,771,362 42,684,877 28, 467, 079 1, 320, 523 1, 659, 838 2,840,661 10,030,186 12,716,871 1909 $11,224,437 9,465 45, 975 446,753 4,819,723 6,902,521 7, 306, 574 60, 400 378,643 1, 568, 573 5,298,968 18,776,769 57,374 259, 524 1,592,979 16,866,892 48,093,353 125,064 2,308,342 15,827,039 16,641,167 13, 191, 741 145,836,648 481, 119 3,347,103 19,627,491 86,934,104 35, 446, 831 16,258,757 91,623 599, 079 6,341,808 10,226,247 25,332,059 8,855 75,779 2,126,661 13,794,286 9,326,488 34,597,069 1,370,723 4, 665, 738 12,920,125 15,740,483 41,667,306 1,939,089 6,208,241 10, 764, 812 18, 731, 793 5,023,371 50, 804, 100 26,156 196,283 3, 277, 587 20, 274, 934 27,029,140 28, 907, 269 1,668,381 1, 702, 071 2, 900, 171 8,617,942 14,028,704 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.4 4.2 39.0 56.3 100.0 0.7 4.0 19.0 76,4 100,0 0,2 0,6 4,4 26,8 67,9 100,0 0,4 6,5 27,6 32,1 33,4 100,0 0,4 2,1 10,9 61.2 26.5 100,0 0,5 3,4 23,1 73,0 100,0 0,2 4,3 57,3 38,2 100,0 3,4 12,2 33,2 51,3 100,0 3,8 9,5 24,0 40,6 22,2 100,0 0.4 4.4 31.2 64.0 100.0 "46^ 5.5 10.0 36.2 44.7 100.0 100.0 0,3 1,4 8,6 100,0 0,3 4,8 32,9 34,6 27,4 100,0 0,3 2,3 13.5 59.6 24.3 100.0 0.6 3.7 32.9 62.9 100.0 m 0.3 8.4 54.6 100.0 4.0 13.2 37.3 45,5 100,0 4,7 12,5 25,8 45,0 12,1 100,0 0,1 . 0,4 6,5 39,9 53,2 100.0 5.7 5.9 10.0 29.8 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $3, 128, 109 18, 735 162, 226 1,096,610 1,850,538 4,053,093 39,650 197,877 773, 817 3,041,749 18,638,730 29,286 139,649 865, 200 6, 678, 597 12, 025, 998 6,213,814 39, 678 532,354 2,125,091 1,900,130 1,616,661 101,352,054 468, 262 2, 443, 032 11,375,681 60,651,839 26,423,340 9,258,296 69, 142 343,900 2,106,602 6,748,651 22,799,792 3,299 35,023 895,955 13, 189, 816 8,675,699 13, 835, 983 648, 812 -2,115,537 4,677,314 6,394,320 38,638,944 1,647,070 4.021,980 9,581,787 15, 169, 785 8, 118, 322 6, 993, 279 3,931 53,483 442, 781 2,523,648 3,969,436 1909 $2,947,098 3,845 11, 485 113,144 354,060 464, 564 3,217,656 11,660,891 35,838 155,021 925, 848 10, 434, 184 6, 740, 746 30, 114 460, 476 2, 719, 774 1,954,400 1,575,982 81,276,753 317,218 2, 172, 448 11, 223, 823 47, 427, 402 20, 135, 862 9,016,312 62, 003 369, 452 2, 851, 220 5,733,637 18,768,959 5,915 46, 192 1, 485, 898 10,318,489 6,912,465 14,624,706 868,599 2, 504, 581 5,425,620 5,825,906 29,752,962 1,496,403 4,044,786 7,765,373 13,187,171 3, 259, 219 6,456,938 13, 002 35, 274 568, 803 2,487,672 3,352,287 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.6 5.2 35.1 59.2 100.0 1.0 4.9 19.1 76.0 100.0 0.2 0.7 4.6 29.9 64.5 100.0 0.6 8.6 34.2 30.6 26.0 100.0 0.5 2.4 11.2 69.8 26.1 100.0 0.6 3,7 22,8 72,9 100,0 m 0,1 3,9 57,9 38,1 100,0 4,7 15,3 33,8 46,2 -100,0 4.3 10.4 24.9 39.4 21.1 100.0 16,550,307 16,832,446 843, 777 1, 010, 162 1,759,398 5,645,644 7,291,336 1, 104, 749 1,129,261 1, 840, 402 4,926,900 7, 831, 134 0.1 0.8 6.3 36.1 56.8 100.0 "5^ 6.1 10.6 34.1 44.1 1 Includes the group " less than $5,000. " 2 Includes tha group "IJ1,000,ODO and ovjr" Digitized by Microsoft© < Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 1172 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. In 1914 and in 1909, as in the totals for aU industries combined, this table shows that for each of the 20 industries the great bulk of the manufacturing was done in estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over. Among the 20 industries presented in this table for 1914, as compared with 1909, 15 show increases in the number of estabhshments having products valued at 1100,000 and over and 5 show decreases. Allbut 5 industries in this group show increases in value of products and number of wage earners, while 16 show increases in value added by manufacture. In the automobile, boot and shoe, electrical machin- ery, and slaughtering and meat-packing industries the estabhshments reporting products to the value of $1,000,000 and over in 1914 reported a much larger prop"ortion of the total average number of wage earners and total value of products than all other estabhsh- ments. combined. For automobiles, including bodies and parts, such estabhshments reported more than four-fifths of the total average number of wage earners and total value of products, while for both electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes, and slaughtering and meat packing, about two-thirds of the wage earners and value of products were reported by such est abhshments . Table 24 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 43 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 22 for the state as a whole. Table 24 i ■S-a WAGE EAB.NEES. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. value added by manufactuee. CITT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. i ■sS WAGE EAENEE3. VALUE OF products. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUEE. CITY AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amomit. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Akkon 305 24,680 100.0 8122,291,600 100.0 $56,229,208 100.0 Columbus 643 17,236 100.0 $57,608,084 100.0 $26,971,586 100.0 Tas=! than S=i 000 86 92 69 49 9 52 84 318 1,304 4, 592 18,382 2,333 0.3 1.3 5.3 18.6 74.5 100.0 217, 777 881,108 3,090,328 13,940,024 104,162,363 7,174,766 0.2 0.7 2.6 11.4 86.2 100.0 137,200 507,874 1,723,991 7,289,910 46,570,233 3,518,380 0.2 0.9 3.1 13.0 82.8 100.0 Less than 85,000 193 186 164 91 9 47 193 805 3,070 7,798 5,370 1,614 1.1 4.7 17.8 45.2 31.2 100.0 501-,149 1,972,642 7,824,665 25,838,753 21,470,875 3,476,686 0.9 3.4 13.6 44.9 37.3 100.0 325,075 1,184,976 4,357,325 12,626,113 8,478,097 1,663,032 1.2 85,000 to 820,000 4.4 $20;000 to 8100,000 8100,000 to S1,000,000 41,000,000 and over Alliance $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Coshocton, 16.2 46.8 31.4 100.0 T.«K than S5 000 14 17 14 4 3 67 11 82 263 587 1,390 1.868 0.5 3.5 11.3 25.2 59.6 100.0 35,346 164,016 701,653 1, 684, 379 4,589,373 5,020,991 0.5 2.3 9.8 23.5 64.0 100.0 19,728 100,683 350,015 634,463 2,413,491 2,195,930 0.6 2.9 9.9 18.0 68.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 12 15 13 7 523 10 84 266 1,254 24,061 0.6 5.2 16.6 77.7 100.0 28,131 176,609 662,303 2,609,643 71,071,374 0.8 5.1 19.0 75.1 100.0 15,350 103,970 285,748 1,257,964 38,117,653 0.9 Sft ftOO tn SS20 000 $5,000 to 820,000 6.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 820,000 to 8100,000 8100,000 to 81,000,000 17.2 75.6 100.0 146 143 129 93 12 80 17 22 ■ 20 21 63 164 679 2,015 9,710 11,493 4,830 0.7 2.8 8.4 40.4 47.8 100.0 366,085 1,525,601 5,724,705 24,148,937 39,306,046 7,092,903 0.5 2.1 8.1 34.0 55. 3 100.0 230,094 927, 119 2,835,087 12,448,359 21,676,994 4,250,822 6 15 22 11 9 34 28 97 250 1,493 3,118 1.5 5.2 13.4 79.9 100.0 35,886 195,514 599, 420 4,190,171 8,843,422 0.7 3.9 11.9 83.5 100.0 19, 124 99,992 237,569 1,839,245 4,737,847 0.9 4.6 10.8 83.8 100.0 86,000 to $20,000 2.4 $5 000 to 820,000 820,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000 $1,000,000 and over East Liveepool Less than $5,000 7.4 $20,000 to $100,000.". $100,000 to $1,000,000 32.7 56.9 100.0 8 14 4 8 40 9 47 21 3,041 ,2,603 0.3 1.5 0.7 97.5 100.0 18,445 155,354 207,076 8,462,547 12, 170, 206 0.2 1.8 2.3 95.7 100. 12,297 81,993 47,526 4,596,031 2,891,786 0.3 1.7 1.0 97.0 100.0 16 96 430 4,288 2,735 0.3 2.0 8.9 88.8 100.0 33, 165 229,954 910,230 5,919,554 8,791,734 0.5 3.2 12.8 83.5 100.0 20,289 126, 877 459,712 3,644,944 3,775,398 0.5 S/i 000 tn S20 000 $5,000 to $20,000 3.0 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 and over ' Bellaiee 820,000 to 8100,000 8100,000 to 81,000,000 Elyeia 10.8 85.7 100.0 TA7 100.0 34,260 313,887 878, 216 2,902,265 6,384,864 0.8 7.6 21.3 70.3 100.0 19,780 165,399 463,366 1,097,285 3,823,226 1.1 9.6 26.5 62.9 100.0 $5 000 to $20,000... 17 20 12 11 76 17 81 128 4,280 2,177 0.4 1.8 ■2.8 95.0 100.0 43,182 245,418 436,717 16,233,670 4,995,880 0.3 1.4 2.6 96.7 100.0 24,659 144,269 196,672 5, 161, 231 2,604,215 $20,000 to $100,000 $5 000 to $20 000 2 6 $180,000 to $1,000,000 $20,000 to $100,000 3.6 93.4 Maeion. Less than $5,000 28 13 18 7 70 24 19 13 14 63 26 48 279 2,224 1,768 1.0 1.9 10.8 86.3 100.0 74,924 124,506 912,774 5,272,661 5,293,124 1.2 2.0 14.3 82.6 100.0 46,808 66,212 480,114 3,230,092 2,574,251 1.2 1.7 12.5 84.5 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 17 30 17 12 713 17 144 343 1,673 27,076 0.8 6.6 15.8 76.8 100.0 46,678 296,617 799, 972 3,852,613 115,049,426 0.9 5.9 16.0 77.1 100.0 34,413 186,688 460,156 1,922,959 44,556,157 $20,000 to $100,000 $5,000 to $20,000 7.2 $100,000 and over i Massillon $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 17.7 73.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 38 99 211 1,420 4,003 2.1 5.6 11.9 80.3 100.0 60,798 200,777 559,997 4,471,552 21,787,151 1.1 3.8 10.6 84.5 100.0 42,357 130,561 223,330 2,178,003 11,207,157 1.6 5.1 8.7 84.6 100.0 Less than $5 000 $5,000 to $20,000 209 206 169 108 21 82 23 24 20 15 201 196 816 3,092 10,555 12,417 2,862 0.7 3.0 11.4 39.0 46.9 100.0 513,970 2,189,052 7,584,887 32,296,532 72,464,986 10,399,737 0.4 1.9 6.6 28.1 63.0 100.0 338,770 1,364,189 ^,135,588 15,278,704 23,437,906 4,045,232 8 $20,000 to $100,000 $5,000 to $20,000 3.1 $100,000 and o ver i MiDDLETOWN $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Wakren 9.3 34.2 62.6 Le.w than $5 non 19 13 16 11 4 27 31 52 208 861 2,851 772 0.8 1.3 5.2 21.5 71.2 100. 51,524 122,880 732,630 5,364,778 15,515,339 2,302,669 0.2 0.6 3.4 24.6 71.2 100.0 28,239 70,644 333, 229 1,698,256 9,076,889 826,581 0.3 0.6 3.0 15.2 81.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 11,000,000 and over Mount Veenon 36 74 251 2,501 15,861 1.3 2.6 8.8 87.4 100.0 64,677 231, 081 760, 115 9,343,864 92,111,272 0.6 2.2 7.3 89.8 100.0 36,014 121,328 348,910 3,539,980 23,034,468 9 $5,000 to $20,000 3 $20,000 to $100,000 8 6 $100,000 and over I YouNGSTOira Less than $5,000 87.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 8 12 4 3 79 6 61 69 636 4,583 0.8 7.9 8.9 82.4 100.0 15,619 140,698 202,589 1,943,763 9,276,762 0.7 6.1 8.8 84.4 100.0 9,425 75,114 62,943 679,099 6,702,716 1.1 9.1 7.6 82.2 100.0 50 69 38 28 16 97 46 242 708 2,348 12,617 3,035 0.3 1.5 4.5 14.8 78.9 100.0 123,688 672,375 1,874,262 8,536,145 80,904,802 8,300,231 0.1 0.7 2.0 9.3 87.8 100.0 83,409 380,665 1,004,068 3,766,749 17,799,577 3,054,116 0.4 $6,000 to $20,000... 1 7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 4.4 16.3 77.3 Less than $5,000. 19 25 22 13 58 18 97 390 4,078 5,808 0.4 2.1 8.5 89.0 100.0 50,071 236,933 971,202 8,018,566 16,724,360 0.5 2.6 10.5 86.4 100.0 30,687 141,101 464,924 5,066,003 9,507,410 0.5 2.5 8.2 88.8 100.0 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 30 24 31 12 29 34 92 930 1,979 1,903 1.1 3.0 30.6 65.2 100.0 78,943 229,972 1,678,770 6,312,546 3,902,284 1.0 2.8 20.2 76.0 100.0 41,113 126,555 958,674 1,927,774 2,161,158 1.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $5,000 to $20,000." $100,000 and over I $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 All other cities '... Less than $5,000. 3L4 63.1 100.0 11 16 10 16 5 15 55 148 2,084 3,606 0.3 0.9 2.4 35.9 60.4 31,610 166,685 364,645 6,309,406 9,862,114 0.2 0.9 2.2 37.7 59.0 17,162 101,410 206,954 3,651,045 5,531,849 0.1 1.1 2.2 38.4 68.2 $5,000 to $20,000 . . . 9 12 4 4 6 44 38 1,815 0u3 2.3 2.0 96.4 16,299 135, 125 150,269 3,600,591 0.4 3.5 3.9 92.3 10*740 6^272 93,937 1,981,209 5 $20,000 to $100,000 $6,000 to $20,000 . . . 3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 4.4 92.1 > Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." In the cities the same condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a preponderance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for establishments hav- ing products valued at 1100,000 or over. The highest percentage of the total value of products for establish- ments in this class, 97.2 per cent, appears for Lorain, followed closely by Bellaire and Youngstown, with 97.1 per cent each, while the lowest, 70.3 l£Wgf#l7^gJi. 1 1 876 677 Marietta 2 2 3 1 1 1 3 765 683 1,100 398 411 284 1,195 1,189 Massillon . . . . - - 4 4 292 304 1,750 Mount Vernon 2 4 1,565 3,221 1,448 Norwood 3 4 5 9 11 215 269 379 608 740 Portsmouth 2 1,249 1,308 Sakduskt 2 4 2 2 12 560 1,418 731 919 3,993 1 725 1,062 2,464 STEUBENVILI.E 4 41 6 9 7 243 2,870 473 537 603 5 2 12 1 3,824 1,338 8,478 795 6,394 YOUNGSTOWN 2 2 617 630 3,901 Z ANESTILLE . . Table 26 presents, for 1914, the percentages based on the figures in Table 25, and for 1909, similar per- centages for aU industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 26 industry and aTY. Cen- sus year. per cent of TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 INDUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OP total AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 .A 11 industries Agricultural implements . Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boora and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Boxes, fancy and p,aper Brass, bronze, and copper prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and mate- rials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs Dy steam- railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not includ- ing operations of railroad com- panies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts. Clothing, women's 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 3.4 3.8 6.7 7.9 9.4 10.6 11.2 11.7 20.4 22.1 16 15.6 14.3 15.9 18.1 12.6 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.4 4.1 4.0 30.7 35.5 5.0 6.8 7.5 5.8 « 2.4 1.5 2.0 1.7 0.8 0.7 7.1 4.5 13.4 15.9 20.6 23.3 4.8 7.3 25.8 21.8 19.2 16.4 0.4 0.4 0.9 2.4 1.2 1.5 5.7 14.1 8.8 17.1 4.9 5.5 4.3 6.3 2.6 3.2 1.7 1.0 26.5 22.5 12.6 12.8 15.3 12.1 10.1 16.0 24.7 29.7 21.8 19.4 2.1 0.8 1.2 2.1 5.0 5.0 16.2 19.5 13.6 11.7 3.8 2.7 4.8 4.6 18.7 24.2 22.4 15.2 14.2 15.4 19.1 20.3 16.3 15.1 25.3 22.6 5.7 2.7 9.0 6.1 22.0 17.2 39.3 36.2 11.6 11.7 29.6 24.2 48.2 48.5 20.7 13.3 19.2 13.7 38.9 35.9 13.5 21.9 35.9 17.3 9.4 20.8 21.5 13.7 15.9 20.6 23.8 8.8 13.2 11.1 30.0 30.6 54.0 40.4 17.9 18.1 26.8 38, 17.3 8.0 7. 13.1 4.3 36.2 36.6 5.3 9.6 11.1 17.8 20.6 11.0 41.8 62.2 17.6 6.2 16.3 40.6 32.2 28.0 5.2 5.5 23.0 9.6 60.9 79.3 10.6 10.8 Confectionery. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts. Cutlery and tpols, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. Foundry and maohine - shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Glass Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, blast furnaces. . . Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, wash- ers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills.. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron and steel, wrought pipe Di§m 1 Less mwmftmsoft® than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5.0 4.4 4. 4.3 2.3 1. 0. 1.0 44.6 46.7 1.6 1.6 1.9 1 0.3 0, 0.4 1.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.3 9.2 12.2 12.0 8.5 5.6 9.4 2.2 4.2 25.0 5.4 6.9 9.7 9.0 2.1 0, 1.0 0.2 2.2 1.8 3.6 3.6 8.1 11.4 23.3 18.3 10.7 13.6 11.9 9.8 4.6 6.5 9.1 16.5 10.1 11.1 19.3 28.0 1.0 1, 8.9 7.3 0.2 0.4 4, 4.4 10.9 4.8 18.2 25.9 18.9 26.9 9.4 9.6 18.0 21.0 5.2 10.3 19.8 7.0 14.9 14.2 20.3 1 5.4 12.7 21.3 12.8 8.7 1.0 1.4 7.9 4.6 12.8 18.4 24 19.1 35.0 39.2 24.4 31.9 11.9 4.4 14.4 30.3 8.5 38.9 32.1 8.6 9.1 16.7 24.1 41.8 44.5 19.6 10.0 36.4 14.6 5.8 23.4 26.4 26.3 24.7 23.3 26.2 61,7 49.2 5.0 7.4 6.2 18.6 52, 72.0 7.7 25.3 24.0 21.0 22.3 18.4 8.2 28.0 22.2 24.3 20.5 26.5 30.1 9.7 17.6 39.0 11.1 19.6 13.9 16.3 18.6 8.2 45.7 33.9 8.4 6.1 10.2 29.8 16.4 36.1 31.5 39.7 69.6 48.0 41.6 12.4 34.8 71.2 24.7. 22.3. 44.9 1176 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 26— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVEKAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEES IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. ntoUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 61 to 100 101 to 260 261 to 600 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Lumber and timber products . . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 14.4 15.0 10.9 13.2 4.9 8.4 « 1.1 1.1 11.9 13.1 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.8 4.3 6.6 0.6 0.9 6.9 9.0 6.0 4.8 2.5 26.0 30.2 14.1 21.0 13.4 14.1 0.9 1.9 3.3 4.0 21.2 23.6 0.7 0.8 1.6 2.8 11.4 13.0 3.9 3.6 7.1 9.1 9.9 10.7 6.2 26.0 26.5 23.3 20.3 20.1 14.8 7.3 10.6 5.0 8.3 19.4 20.1 1.1 2.1 2.0 4.8 16.7 16.4 7.0 8.0 8.2 10.0 12.9 ■12.4 8.9 14.4 16.7 12.1 8.0 11.6 21.0 20.4 10.2 10.9 13.1 16.7 2.1 0.9 4.4 3.4 24.3 31.1 16.4 18.6 11.1 9.7 11.8 12.7 10.3 13.0 12.7 13.0 22.4 23.2 62.7 33.3 36.3 7.0 7.1 23.1 16.3 6.3 6.8 8.1 19.3 4.0 19.7 25.5 26.9 23.6 21.7 22.3 19.4 6.2 Cambridge 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 2.7 2.8 3.6 3.4 2.2 3.8 2.7 2.3 3.1 1.7 2.3 4.3 3.8 3.0 1.9 4.0 1.6 4.9 1.9 1.0 4.6 6.6 2.2 4.8 1.8 4.3 2.2 1.1 3.2 2.5 2.7 3.7 1.5 4.0 2.4 4.1 1.2 3.6 8.9 6.4 7.0 9.7 5.6 8.9 9.8 6.6 16.3 -4.0 7.0 12.6 7.3 10.5 5.1 13.2 1.9 6.1 4.6 2.4 6.6 15.8 6.1 11.4 6.1 7.4 4.0 2.6 6.3 5.1 13.2 6.7 3.5 8.2 6.5 5.6 2.8 6.2 4.9 7.5 10.3 16.4 7.6 13.7 11.7 6.8 6.3 12.9 11,4 16.2 9.7 17.4 9.9 11.3 26.4 18.6 29.4 28.4 18.3 17.7 26.3 17.0 80.6 27.6 26.9 23.0 33.4 36.1 26.1 43.5 '45.'5 2.3 6.0 32.2 36.3 8.8 24.0 11.5 28.2 10.3 30.8 28.1 4.4 22.9 31.2 22.6 21.2 17.0 20.2 7.0 16.4 50.7 26.1 'is.' 3 18.4 9.6 39.7 11.1 10.3 38.3 8.4 17.4 10.4 16 4 26.7 15.1 26.9 CTTTT.T.TCnTTnr Marble and stone work Cincinnati . . . 2 2 Paint and varnish Columbus 18 5 18.0 9.4 34.4 32.0 8.2 7.0 1.6 6.2 23.0 8.8 8.3 11.2 15.1 10.6 29.2 18.2 15.6 12.8 16.3 '2i.'4 39.0 36.6 3.2 3.3 12.8 15.7 60.0 46.8 16.7 18.7 6.6 15.8 '26.' 4 7.9 12.7 14.9 19.4 75.3 67.1 '33.'6 31.6 17.0 10.6 15.4 11.5 21.6 4.1 East Liverpool ; 4.3 4.6 12. S 11.2 6.1 4.8 18.5 "3.' 7 12.1 0.9 10.0 15.3 7.1 10,4 2.8 8.5 8.7 1.5 10.0 6.3 18.3 8.4 1.5 13.2 11.1 6.8 3.6 14.6 8.6 11.6 10.1 22.9 6.8 10.4 20.9 4.3 13.3 2.3 0.8 10.6 27.0 u.h 7.8 ■3.7 9.3 10.5 22.3 9.4 'ii.i 10.6 16.5 3.4 16.6 23.0 47.6 37.1 21.5 13.1 25.9 30.9 Paper goods, not elsewliere specified. Elyels. ElNDLAY Printing and publishing Eremont 26.4 9.3 Hamilton . 17 4 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. ' Lakewood 22.8 26.6 13.5 11.4 19.0 69 3 Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing.. 'ii'e 17.0 63 3 TjflB.ATN, , 63 9 Mansfield Marion 29.7 33.0 27.5 61.6 9.0 4.9 43.0 20.5 18.0 16.2 42.2 14.7 '3.9 17.5 46 1 gas and oil stoves. Middletown 43.7 Mount Vernon Newark 34.1 55.5 31 6 Norwood Portsmouth 34.7 Sandusky 9.2 13.4 Steubenville 64.7 1.2 2.1 4.7 1.5 1.8 2.6 5.1 6.5 1.0 4.0 4.1 9.4 10.1 5.7 2.4 8.0 8.8 61.6 17.1 8.8 6.9 44.9 18.1 22,5 39.1 10.6 27.3 61.8 TOTIN 14.1 46.8 53.5 26.2 23 6 Ashtabula Warren. . 19.6 43.9 38.4 24.6 ■Rli:T,T.ArR.W 2.3 Zanesville .. 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Of the 15,658 establiskments reported for all manu- facturing industries in the state, 1,720, or 11 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These were small establishments in which the work is done by the proprietors and firm members. If wage earners were employed, the number was so small and the term of em- ployment so shortj that iit- computing the average, as described in the " Explanation of terms," thenumber was less than one person and the establishment was classed as one having "no wage earners." The small estab- lishments, those employing from 1 to 20 wage earners, predominate in the majority of the industries of the state. 'While they represented 67.7 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, they reported but 10.1 per cent of the total number of wage earners. On the other hand, the group of establishments having more than 100 wage earners, while comprising but 6.8 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, employed 69.4 per cent of the wage earners. The industries in which comparatively large establish- ments do most of the business are steam-raHroad repair shops; steel works and rolhng miUs; the manu- facture of automobiles, including bodies and parts; boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings; brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products; clothing, men's and women's; electrical machinery, apparatus and supphes; glass; rubber goods; and to'bacco. Among the cities, the highest perc.entage ot the total number of wage earners reporQiQtfy/^^Mjlfi^ ments employing more than 100 wage earners each is shown for Barberton, 97.5 per cent; Lorain, 94.9 per cent; and Steubenville, 93.5 per cent. In Cleve- land 75 per cent of the total number of wage earners in all industries were in such estabhshments, and in Cincinnati 54.3 per cent. Engines and power. — Table 27 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the niunber and horsepower of engines and motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by the estabhshments reporting. -The table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 419,625 horespower, or 26.5 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, more than half of which was due to the increase in rented power. Although steam fur- nished the bulk of the total power reported, the use of rented power, almost wholly electric, has greatly in- creased during the decade, the proportion of horse- power of this character reported in 1914 being over ten times as great as that in 1904. "While the amount of electric power generated within the estabhshments where produced is greater than that of electric rented power, the proportion which it forms of the total electric power used has decreased from 84 per cent in 1904 to 65.6 per cent in 1914. The use of internal-combustion engines haa increased during the decade, while a decrease jrB^ater wheels, turbines, and motors. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1177 Tattle 27 NTJMBEE OF ENGINES OB MOTOKS. HOESEPOWEE. POWEE. Amount. Fer cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primarv Dowor, total 45,288 25,970 11,698 2,002,780 1,583,155 1,116,932 100.0 100.0 100 > 0\7H©d 12,738 8,346 4,059 333 32,550 32,650 13,012 9,246 3,354 412 12,958 12,958 11,598 9,063 2,004 531 1,712,136 1,541,212 156,481 14,443 290,644 283,514 7,130 1,483,628 1,363,720 103,801 16,107 99,527 93,592 5,935 1,088,030 1,034,780 35,101 18,149 28,902 23,159 5,743 85.5 77.0 7.8 0.7 14.5 14.2 0.4 93.7 86.1 6.6 1.0 6.3 5.9 0.4 97 4 Steam engines and turbines i 92.6 3.1 Water wheels, turbines, and motors 1.6 Kented 2.6 Electric P) 2.1 Otber 0.5 Electric 66, 137 32,560 33,587 34,237 12,958 21,279 8,668 823,000 283,514 539,486 417,844 93,692 324,252 144,467 23,159 121,308 100.0 34.4 65.6 100.0 22.4 77.6 100.0 Kented 16.0 Generated by establishmerts reporting 8,668 84 I Figures for horsepower include lor 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power em- ployed in manufactiires is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 28 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for cer- tain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 28 DfDUSTET AND CITT. All industries.. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products Brict, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk . Carriages and wagons and materials . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies . . Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts - - . Clothing, women's CoSee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes Flour-null and gristmillproducts - . . Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Furniture and refrigerators Glass Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products . Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Paving materials Petroleum, refining Printing and pubhshtng Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Tin plate and terneplate All other industries.., An- thrar cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 43, 198 7,640 100 47 3,774 4,933 '"'306 449 53 1,332 763 81 6,227 542 674 1,551 13 5 2,545 '9,"i83 Bitu- minous (tons, 2.000 lbs.). 13,927,612 6,267,733 44,408 97,177 32, 201 14,612 32,516 2,289,876 58,470 57,563 463,479 34,153 381,767 6,539 5,427 2,817 23,561 105,576 59,496 148,071 745, 193 72,747 271,397 230,011 195,662 4,209,990 327,531 66,910 18, 026 625,807 105, 277 244, 738 40, 519 465, 184 92,395 42, 026 22, 130 2,294,360 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 9,089 1,411 1,963 6,568 19,827 10,748 1,238 3,640 1,375 56,168 6 147 527 1,170 1,257 330 189, 993 1,132 675 4 5,736,226 134, 533 1,246 131 3,540 ,^12,061 799 15,989 889 3,433 714 49 75 200 19,581 192 48,810 Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 678,239 9,658 71,411 431 6,018 727 3,' 159 11,521 24,399 22,361 502 83 10 23; 1,157 5,407 3,082 102, 053 243 6,480 315 9,588 132, 124 388 2,092 9 179 245, 748 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 50,092,157 193,264 522, 727 101, 855 207, 507 1, 297, 877 9,213,177 • 87,634 62,467 162,938 120,309 1,525,141 54, 169 29,205 38, 199 333, 780 557,823 1,094,336 238,027 4, 481, 118 58,033 7,251,445 828,456 11,775 12,067,011 1,595,729 153,961 223, 179 210,388 36,511 188,311 409,403 361,961 396,637 177,313 123, 423 5,671,068 INDUSTBT AND CITT. Total for cities. Akeon. Alliance Ashtabula . Baebeeton. Bellaiee Cambeidqe... Canton Chillicothe. Cincinnati... Cleveland.. Colitmbus Coshocton Dayton Bast Cleveland . East Liveepool . . Elyeia FlNDLAY . . . Fostoeia.. Feemont . . Hamilton. lEONTON Lakewood.. Lancastee-. Lima Loeain Mansfield Maeietta Maeion Massillon MrODLETOWN. Mount Veenon. . Newaek NOEWOOD PiQUA Poktsmouth Sandusky Spedjofield . . . Steubenvillb - Tiffdj Toledo Wakken YOUNGSTOWN . ZANESVILLE . . . An- thrax cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 33, 128 410 62 153 21 2,015 16,657 1,316 '2,"6i4 '3,"i76 72 200 629 13 282 201 84 25 31 270 26 3 18 1,180 2 32 1,583 '317 Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 8,212,648 4,176,553 537,937 88,333 28,312 106, 763 77,400 68,304 447, 721 57, 260 590,349 1,863,423 260, 552 25,001 343, 562 4,691 43, 108 41,078 51,685 22,317 9,010 173,469 14,213 3,540 6,187 55,583 569,329 11,673 7. 38; 895 41,966 220,050 5,609 50,105 50,477 28,276 30,002 63, 531 65,676 468, 622 18, 278 7,411 2,595 770 3,493 270,646 20 12,744 44 20,658 1,138,216 10,281 322 18,062 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 318 2,118 174 759 1,085 10,230 138,362 241 550 2,766 575,917 2,797 695 2,900 5,954 17, 132 550 4,513 1,477 2,518 973 1,776 13,086 204,290 3,449 343,924 224,668 72,911 656 1,096,7441,470,823 110,020 514 Oil.in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). 519, 818 7,291 3,260 2,115 648 24 9 37, 167 2,083 15,239 169, 746 14, 866 27 32,341 6,109 494 2,773 2,885 541 20 159 17,536 4,271 973 14 4,682 2,045 21,985 416 1,437 2,018 57 295 11,922 153 303 110, 223 680 43,680 44 Gas (1,000 cubic teet). 36,157,096 1,125,596 8,549 73,984 134,288 972,567 200,842 2,057,927 90,460 1,702,631 10,474,393 970,783 79,409 207,326 604 3,515,944 160,969 27, 893 334,255 255,565 795,296 312, 127 572,953 82,980 63,399 231,764 733, 160 352,035 122,076 19, 652 1,626,683 170,074 4,044,936 108,050 27,188 309,740 315,009 162,479 907,605 732, 813 750,631 12,977 1,069,737 239,747 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1178 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for 19 important industries and for power laundries in Ohio are here presented. Iron and steel. — A large proportion of the pig-iron product of the blast furnaces is used in cooperating steel plants, more than 70 per cent being made for consumption by the producing companies; and all of the tin-plate and temeplate product of the state is made by companies that roU the black plates. Hence there is considerable duplication in cost of materials and in value of products between these separately classified industries. Considered as a com- bined industry, the blast furnaces, steel works and rolling mills, and tin and teme dipping plants gave employment to 53,136 wage earners, represent a capital investment of $330,896,624, and show in added value the sum of $78,961,099. The figures for 1909 for the combined industries are: Wage earners, 46,557; capital, $258,980,157; and value added by manufacture, $74,545,627. The increases in these items, 1909-1914, were 14.1 per cent, 27.8 per cent, and 5.9 per cent, respectively. Ohio ranks second among the states as to the com- bined industries and the first two branches, and third in the production of tin plate and terneplate. The industrial depression of 1914 accounts for the decrease in many of the items. The pig-iron tonnage in 1914 was 3.2 per cent less than in 1909 and was more than 1,800,000 tons below the output of 1913. Prac- tically aU the product is coke iron; that made with other fuels — some with mixed bituminous coal and coke, and some with charcoal — ^forming but 1.1 per cent of the total. There is a marked increase in the proportion of machine-cast pig iron. In 1914, 53 per cent was dehvered molten, 31 per cent was machine cast, and but 12.1 per cent sand cast. In 1909, 50 per cent was dehvered molten, 17.3 per cent was machine cast, and 29.8 per cent sand cast. There was a marked increase in the proportion of iron of basic grade. In 1914, 54.6 per cent of the product was Bessemer, 28.7 per cent basic, and 10.3 per cent foundry. In 1909, 63.5 per cent was Bessemer, 14.7 per cent basic, and 13.1 per cent foundry. The statistics given in the table with respect to equipment refer only to that of estabhshments that were active at some time during the year. At the close of the year 1914, there were 74 blast furnaces in the state in active and idle estabhshments of 8,828,000 tons annual capacity, according to the annual statistical report of the American Iron and Steel Institute. It thus appears ^^^fkftf^^t[JY the year was a little less than 60 per cent of the possible output. Since 1909 the power capacity of internal- combustion engines operated with blast-furnace gas has more than doubled. Blast furnaces. — ^The following table gives the statistics for materials, products, and equipment for the blast furnaces for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 29 MATERIALS. (Tons, 2,240 lbs.) Total cost Iron ore: Tons Cost Mill cinder, scale, scrap, slag, etc.: Tons Cost Fluxes: Tons Cost Fuel for smelting, total cost Coke- Tons (2,000 lbs.) Cost Bituminous coal and charcoal . All other fuel and rent of power. . . All other materials PRODUCTS. (Tons, 2,240 lbs.) Total value . Pig iron; Tons Value For constmiption in. works of com- pany producing — Tons Assigned value For sale- Tons Value All other products Pig iron, classified according to fuel used : Coke— .Tons Value All other, bituminous coal and coke mixed, and charcoal- Tons Value Pig iron, classified according to grades, tons: Bessemer Basic Foundry Malleable Forge or mill Ferrosilicon All other Pig iron, classified by method of delivery or casting, tons: Delivered in molten condition to Steel works, etc Machine cast Sand cast Chill cast and direct castings EQUIPMENT. Furnaces in active establishments: Completed stacks at end of year- Number Daily capacity, tons Active during the year- Number Daily capacity, tons In course of construction at end of year — Number Daily capacity, tons Pig casting machines, number Gas engines operated with blast-furnace Number Horsepower.. 1914 $60,738,524 9,624,750 $36,348,602 353,518 $806, 739 2,752,381 .S2, 796, .342 $18,852,678 6,816,260 $1.8,750,140 $102,638 $506,082 $1,428,081 $72,969,368 5,279,045 $71,686,701 3,877,18S $52,469,007 1,401,857 $19,217,694 $1,282,667 5,219,564 $70,759,573 59,481 $927, 128 2,880,759 1,516,905 541,354 194,606 76,095 65,778 4,648 2,797,254 1,636,242 636,639 209,910 61 21,624 69 21,096 1 350 1909 $68,424,722 9,884,368 $41,830,645 368,931 $1, Ml, 384 2,693,423 $2,697,107 $20,693,130 6,050,491 $20,433,686 $159,444 $2,362,456 $83,699,238 16 43,600 6,446,971 $82,048,712 3,564,368 $63,108,689 1,882,613 $28,940,123 $1,660,526 5,378,398 $80,813,570 70,573 $1,235,142 3,456,131 798,173 714,322 364,067 60,805 47,362 6,121 2,723,700 945,036 -1,625,073 153,162 67 21,017 65 20,677 1 325 10 20,140 1904 $32,476,727 5,266,473 $18,881,573 328,841 1604,626 1,464,057 $1,348,409 3,432,965 $10,548,220 $1,093,999 $40,862,451 2,987,787 $40,705,777 1,761,730 $23,624,236 1,236,067 $17,081,541 $166,674 2,987,149 $40,689,717 638 $16,060 2,120,643 206,468 441,227 127,330 66,729 16,494 8,906 1,105,159 516,338 1,361,161 5,12<. 63 16,887 53 16,887 1 75 1 Figures not available. Steel works and rolling mill. — The following table shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantity and cost /t^t;)ClDS©ft@)al materials used by steel works and MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1179 rolling miUs, the quantity and value of the leading pioducts, and the main features of equipment: Table 30 MATERIALS. (Tons, 2,240 lbs.) Total cost . Iron and steel: i For furnaces and hot-rolls — Pig iron and ferroalloys- Tons Cost Pig iron — Tons Cose Ferroalloys— spiegeleisen, fcrromanganese, ferrosili- con, etc — Tons Cost Scrap- Tons Cost Scrap made and consumed In same works, tons Ingots, blooms, billets, slabs, muck and scrap bar, rails for rerolling, and sheet and tin- plate bars- Tons Cost Boiled forms for further manu- facture— Skelp— Tons : Cost Wire rods- Tons Cost Iron ore: Tons C&t Fuel and rent of power. All other material PKODTTCTS. (Tons, 2,240 lbs.) Total value . Rolled, forged, and other classified iron and steel products. Tons Value Finished products and forglngs— Tons Value Plates and sheets — Tons.. Value Black plates or sheets for tin- ning— Tons Value Skelp— Tons Value Merchant bars- Tons Value Spike and chain rods, bolt and nut rods, horseshoe bars, strips, etc.— Tons Value : Bars for reinforced concrete — Tons Value Wire rods, hoops, bands, and cotton ties, rails, structural shapes and other finished rolled forms or forgings— . Tons Value Partly finished rolled products- Blooms, billets, and slabs- Tons Value Sheet and tin-plate bars- Tons Value ; Muck and scrap bar— Tons Value Unrolledsteel: Ingots- Tons Value 1914 $139,676,491 4,388,023 $62,109,373 4,341,857 $59, 180,'555 46,166 $2,928,818 855 163 $9,462,349 1,076,839 1,902,828 $38,370,651 $888,978 76,045 $1,843,093 147,464 $455,440 $9,840,609 $16,716,098 $205,023,391 6,303,890 $174, 638, 132 • 3,449,352 $113,348,425 988,997 $38, 892, 399 176, 835 $7, 424, 689 955,697 $24,478,568 299, 967 $10, 784, 383 64,838 $2, 218, 108 77, 309 $2,233,658 885,819 $27,316,620 1,708,862 833, 187, 270 1,033,972 $20, 877, 360 1909 $139,243,165 4, 209, 149 $64,441,978 4,172,114 $62, 747, 851 37,036 $1,694,127 530,408 $8,093,044 872,314 1,868,171 $40,368,367 57,144 II, 730, 190 97,539 $2,708,015 75,857 $384,303 $7,672,641 $13,854,617 $197,780,043 8.369 $146,679 $172,105,247 3,100,954 $106; 819, 258 755, 010 $33, 800, 603 111, 156 $5, 868, 639 739, 761 $22,198,366 704,168 $21, 168, 583 70,978 $2,063,084 719, 881 $21, 719, 984 1,975,730 $42,301,868 679,982 $15, 611, 744 15,875 $415, 651 32,223 $613,540 1901 $78,209,770 2,393,614 $33,040,901 (?) m 635,967 $8,067,895 1,059,744 $23,607,315 10, 192 $315,343 92,246 $2,563,171 48,239 $211,533 $4,990,891 85,412,721 $111,996,673 3, 533, 426 $101,233,039 1,669,272 $57, 500, 778 460, 131 $20,700,386 » 314, 447 $9, 707, 170 274,191 $8,672,928 610, 503 $18,420,294 1,803,873 $40,350,466 32,454 $1, 008, 781 2,661 $64,836 Tons 103,335 93,926 35,166 Value $7,078,409 $6,343,186 $2,308,178 ' Includes material purchased and the quantity and assigned value of that trans- ferred to the estabUshment reporting from other works of the same company. > Figures not available. FMnH-i-mz-J Am/ ' Includes hoops, bands, and cotton tics. LJIUILIZ.UU Uy Table 30— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 PRODUCTS— continued. (Tons, 2,240 lbs.) All other products, including value added to steel or iron rolling-mill prod- ucts by further manufacture . . $30,385,259 5,449,981 2,860,129 2,689,635 2,554,956 34,579 317 27,661 111 103 8 13,062 24 14,572 8 7 1 27 15 4,300 $25,674,796 4,706,337 3,327,361 1,377,216 1,306,694 70,622 770 21,684 66 58 ■8 6,329 19 15,340 12 12 $10,763,634 2, 529, 997 Steel production, tons. Total Bessemer . . . 2, 049, 163 480,844 Basic 425 007 Acid . . 55,837 EQUIPMENT.J Steel plants: Daily capacity of steel furnaees and converters, tons of steel, double turn: 13, 752 Number 42 33 Acid.. - 9 Daily capacity, tons of steel, double turn . 2,922 12 Converters— Nnmher Daily capacity, tons of steel, double turn, . . 10 830 All other— Numbpr , , Crucible ^ Daily capacity, tons of steel, double turn... 16 13 3,350 Metal mixers— ' Number m Capacity, tons 1 statistics are for the equipment of active establishments. The annual capac- ity of the steel fiunaces of all plants, active and idle, on December 31, 1914 (Sta- tistical report of American Iron and Steel Institute), was as follows: Open-hearth furnaces, 3,982,250 tons; Bessemer, 4,572,600 tons; crucible, 6,150 tons; electric, 9,000 tons; and miscellaneous, 2,600 tons; total, 8,571,500 gross tons. ' Figures not available. In the preceding table manufactures from rolled stock made in the roUing mill, such as wire, wrought welded pipes and tubes, and horseshoes, are not shown, but the roUed stock used for such manufac- tures is included along with that made for sale, and the enhanced value secured through their manu- facture beyond the roUing-mill product stage has been included under the head of " AU other products." The output of partly finished rolled products by some establishments results in a large amount of duplica- tion in the figures for cost of materials and value of products. Two plants of the same company fre- quently constitute different establishments, and nearly 30 per cent of the cost of materials is represented by ingots, blooms, billets, slabs, and bars that were products of establishments other than those that did the final rolling. A comparison of the total steelproduction, 5,449,981 tons, with the capacity of the steel furnaces of all plants, active and idle, at the close of the year 1914, given as 8,571,500 tons for the year in the statistical report of the American Iron and Steel Institute, shows that the equipment was utUized to a little over' 60 per cent of its capacity. Tin plate avd terneplate. — The special statistics for this industry for 1914 and 1909 are given in Table 31. Ohio ranks third among the states in this industry, reporting 15.8 per cent of the total value of prod- ucts for the United States in 1914 and 16.4 per 1180 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 31 1914 1909 »^ MATEKIALS. , Total cost $9,442,743 $7, 155, 144 Black plates or sheets: 349,217,545 $6,517,529 6,136,884 $2,365,900 469,630 $20,069 812,471 $101,896 $437,349 $10,826,098 213,764,915 Cost $5,143,579 Pig tin: Pounds 3,872,221 Cost $1,142,704 Pig lead: Pounds 249,000 Cost $10,612 Terne niixt;ure, purchased: Pounds 3,943,767 $434,482 $423,767 $7,889,367 PRODUCTS. Total value Tin plate and terneplate: 325,180,210 $10,389,051 $437,047 212,737,039 $7,669,423 $219,944 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. — Table 32 shows the number and value of the different classes of automobiles manufactured, as reported at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 32 1914 1909 1904 PEODUCT. Num- ber. Value. Num- ber. Value. Num- ber. Value. 1 $85,710, ,585 $38,838,754 $6,358,164 1 67,483 58,860 7,117 49,421 2,010 302 8,633 m 169,46.5,370 56,097,729 4,783,840 44,800,434 4,251,172 1,262,283 14,367,641 (=) m 16,245,215 14,299 13,628 }ll,539 1,185 904 671 469 202 23,550,112 22,921,062 18,356,985 2,775,891 1,788,186 629,050 242, 105 386,945 15,288,642 2,808 !2,808 2 2,808 5,197.360 Passenger vehicles Eunabouts and bug- gies 2 5,197,360 Closed (limousines, All other (omnibuses, ambulances, gov- ernmeut and muni- Business vehicles (mer- Delivery wagons AU other products, in- cluding repair work. . 1,160,804 1 In addition, 102 automobiles, valued at $159,850, were manufactured in 1914 by establishments engaged primarily in other industries. 2 Includes "business vehicles," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 8 Separate figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. The total value of the output of automobiles, iti- cluding bodies and parts, by estabhshments engaged in the industry in Ohio in 1914 was an increase of $46,871,831, or 120.7 per cent, over the amount re- ported for 1909, while for the preceding five-year pe- riod 1904-1909 the increase was $32,480,590, or 510.9 per cent. The number of automobiles of all kinds turned out in 1914 was an iacrease of 53,184, or 371.9 per cent, over the number reported in 1909, while from 1904 to 1909 the increase was 11,491, or 409.2 per cent. Of the different kinds of automobiles manufactured in the state in 1914, passenger vehicles comprised the largest proportion of the output, with 87.2 per cent of tho number and 79.3 per cent of the value reported. More than four times as many passenger vehicles were manufactured in 1914 as in 1909, and 84 per cent were touring cars. ^. ... Digitized by ' There was a marked gain in the manufacture of business vehicles, the number of which formed 12.8 per- cent of the entire output of automobiles in the state ia 1914 as compared with 4.7 per cent in 1909, Most of the business vehicles were trucks, but sepa- rate figures for dehvery wagons and trucks could not be shown without disclosing individual operations. The horsepower rating of the total number of ma- chines reported in. 1914 shows the greatest increase in those rated at 30 to 50 horsepower when compared with the corresponding figures for 1909. There were 3,235 machines reported as having less than 20 horse- power in 1914 as compared with 5,258 in 1909. Those having 20 to 30 horsepower numbered 9,940 in 1914 against 3,825 in 1909. The largest class, those rated at 30 to 50 horsepower, numbered 54,029 in 1914 against 4,742 in 1909, an increase of more than eleven- fold. Those rated at more than 50 horsepower de- creased from 474 in 1909 to 279 in 1914. "All other products," comprising chiefly automobile bodies and parts, amounted to $16,245,215 in 1914. A number of these products, however, are used in the manufacture of the completed automobiles, and to that extent are responsible for a duplication in the cost of materials and value of products shown for the industry. Ohio held second place in value of automobiles man- ufactured in 1909 and 1914. Of the total number of automobiles manufactured by estabhshments prima- rily engaged in the industry in the United States in 1914, establishments' located in Ohio produced 11.9 per cent as compared with 11.3 per cent in 1909 and 12.9 per cent m 1904. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 23 gives the quantities and values of flour-miU and gristmill products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 33 1914 1909 1904 $45,171,200 $48,093,353 $40,855,566 Wheat flour: Barrels. . . 5,707,781 $27,852,222 43,674 $220,344. 5,848,216 $171,359 72,360 $1,180 524,941 $1,696,817 83,822,260 $1,380,905 296,000 $4,500 255,720 $5,886,947 249,551 $7,536,048 3,460,011 $66,369 $16,622 $337,887 5,723,536 $30,508,109 33,215 $146,786 7,436,813 $180,267 5, 628, 179 Value $27,856,603 43,691 Rye flour: Value $181,105 3,599,618 $93,967 Buckwheat flour: Pounds Value Barley meal: Value Com meal and corn flour: Barrels 865,250 $2,528,843 80,855,375 $1,247,605 1,006,703 $2, 432, 026 Value Hominy and grits: Pnnnd.,! , 69, 360, 258 $699,171 Oatmeal: Value.. Bran and middlings: Tons . . . C) (') Value Feed and oflal: Tons 502,301 $12,406,370 470,004 $8,972,972 Breakfast foods: Pnnnds Value All other cereal products $931,283 $144,090 $619,722 Microsoft® 1 Included in " feed and oflal." MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1181 Ohio was fiftli among the states in 1914, as in 1909, ia the value of products for this industry, notwithstand- Lag a decrease of $2,922,153, or 6.1 per cent, duriag the five-year period. Wheat flour was the principal prod- uct and represented 61.7 per cent of the total value in 1914, 63.4 per cent in 1909, and 68.2 per cent in 1904. Of the 649 establishments reported for the industry at the census of 1914, 549 manufactured wheat flour to some extent, as compared with 593 in 1909. In 1914 the value of wheat flour, bran and middliags, and feed and offal combined formed 91.4 per cent of the total value of products, the corresponding proportion in 1909 beiag 89.2 per cent. Com meal and corn flour constitute the next most important product, althojigh in 1914 as compared with 1909 there was a decrease of 340,309, or 39.3 .per cent, ia the number of barrels produced, while the value decreased 32.9 per cent. The equipment reported for 1914 consisted of 3,222 stands of roUs, 315 nms of stone, and 529 attrition mill s. Slaughtering and meat packing. — Table 34 shows for the slaughtering and meat-packing iadustry for 1914, 1909, and 1904 the kind, number, and cost of the animals slaughtered; the cost of dressed meat purchased for curing and making lard compoimds and substitutes ; and the cost of aU other materials, which iacludes curing materials, seasoning, cottonseed oil, ice, containers, miU supphes, fuel, rent of power, and freight; and the quantities and values of the various products manufactured, except canned goods, canned sausage, hoofs, horns, glue, goat and kid skias, oleo and other oils, and wool, which are included in "all other products," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures do not include estabhshments engaged exclusively in the manufacture of sausage. The total cost of materials shows an increase in 1914 as compared with 1909 of 33.6 per cent, which was ap- proximately the same as the increase in the total value of products. With the exception of calves, for which there was a decrease in number of 8,865, or 5.9 per cent, the number and cost of each of the different kinds of animals slaughtered show increases for the five-year period. The cost of hogs slaughtered constituted the greatest proportion of the .total cost of materials at each census, representing 56.3 per cent of the total in 1914 ajad 1909, and 59.8 per cent in 1904. The total value of products for the industry increased at each successive census, although the absolute and relative increase was greater for the period 1904-1909 than for the later period, 1909 to 1914. The most im- portant products were fresh and cured pork, their combined value in 1914 representing 45.1 per cent of the total value of products for the industry, as com- pared with 46.5 per cent in 1909. All the other prod- ucts presented separately in the table, except cured beef, show increases in value for the five-year period 1909-1914. Table 34 1914 1909 1904 MATERIALS. $.58,296,970 $43,639,913 $25,022,324 Animals slaughtered: Beeves- Number 269,719 $16,375,682 141,358 $1,931,710 300.337 $1,418,726 1,911,608 $32,802,989 1 $3, 012, 778 $2,755,085 $64,960,396 265,191 $11,613,314 150,223 $1,599,686 229,985 $872,989 1,726,285 $24,547,970 1 $2, 415, 702 $2,590,353 $49,795,368 189,613 Cost . . $6,490,507 Calves- Number 86,906 Cost $665,385 Sheep and lambs- Number 148,418 Cost $502,029 Hogs- Number 1,447,778 Cost $14,954,587 Dressed meat purchased for curing. . . 181,522,516 $887,300 PRODUCTS. $28,729,044 Fresh meat: Beef— PonTifls 118,627,111 $13,009,363 11,157,758 $1,569,471 9,245,870 $1,169,064 101,775,391 $12,669,369 11,432,187 $837,898 1,695,084 $245,076 121,188,242 $16,632,3'/3 31,047,288 $3,692,691 3,592,848 $328,865 67,135,365 $7,147,098 1,459,793 $126,098 24,845,291 $1,683,720 4,821,643 $244,193 855,544 $90,136 6,602 $170,422 269,719 16,146,170 $2,391,107 140,608 1,680,454 $290,575 300,259 $292,851 $2,370,036 119,597,666 $10,047,217 12,921,896 $1,498,687 7,738,777 $763,364 60,320,269 $6,950,364 6,728,033 $493,467 4,450,976 $328,334 121,988,353 $16,202,666 24,240,181 $2,337,761 m h 58,618,712 $6,666,768 m W 11,088,893 $640,001 ?! 9,103 $166,354 410,573 ■ 16,900,033 $1,970,069 232,776 $194,720 $1,636,606 89,925,370 $5,967,126 Veal- 6,680,682 Value $610,883 Mutton and lamb- 5,406,034 Value $472,931 Pork- Pounds 49,033,932 Value $4,614,699 Edible offal and all other fresh meat- 4.155,474 Value $241,956 Cured meat: Beef, pickled and other cured— 2,434,645 Value $175,972 Pork, pickled and other cured— 116,433,401 Value $10, 182, 724 Sausage: Pounds 17,402,744 Value $1,285,789 Meat puddings, scrapple, etc.: Pounds P) Value m Lard: 49,180,666 Value $3,427,690 Lard compounds and substitutes: Value . Tallow, oleo stock, and stearin: Pounds: («) Value « Soapstock: PnmlHs (') Value m Sausage casings: m (') Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: 7,517 Value . $104, 092 Hides and pelts: Cattle- Pounds . 254, 572 Calf- 11,638,587 $1,037,295 Pnnnds Value Sheep- 148,118 $101,427 $606,560 Value 1 Includes cost of "all othrf'animals." 2 Not reported separately. Printing and publishing. — Table 35 gives the num- ber of the different classes of newspapers and period- icals published in the state and their aggregate circu- lation per issue for 1914, 1909, and 1904. In number of publications there was a net decrease of 8 during the period 1909 to 1914. The daily news- papers decreased by 3, the weeklies by 58, and the semiweeklies and triweeklies combined, 7. There was an increase of 3 Sunday newspapers, 31 monthly pub- Digitized by^^Ps'N^ems^s^n® quarterlies. 1182 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 35 PEEIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily , Sunday ; Semiweekly and triweekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly All other classes NT7MBEE OF PUBUCATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 1,173 181 28 53 641 183 57 30 184 2S 60 699 152 37 24 1,260 190 23 53 781 143 40 20 AGGREGATE CmCUlATION PEB ISSBE. 1914 15,707,597 2, 484, 548 830, 219 185, 140 3.110,883 5,501,906 2, 874, 657 720,244 1909 10,763,143 1,542,856 645, 869 131,806 2, 913, 730 2, 686, 470 2, Z88, 134 646,279 1904 9,321,646 1,357,135 644,416 113,749 2,747,511 2,006,287 2, 169, 200 383, 247 In circulation of all publications there was for the later five-year period an increase of 4,954,454, or 46.1 per cent. The circulation of the dailies increased 941,693, or 61 per cent; the Sundays, 184,350, or 28.5 per cent; the weeklies, 197,153, or 6.8 per cent; the monthlies, 2,816,436, or 104.9 per cent; the quarter- lies, 586,523, or 25.7 per cent. Of the daily news- papers, 137, with a circulation of 1,488,549, were evening editions. Th6 great increase in the circulation of the monthly publications was due to the growth of magazines classed as general literature. Table 36 gives the number and the circulation per issue of the various classes of publications in English and in foreign languages reported in 1914 and 1909. Table 36 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly and tri- weekly. Weekly Monthly Quarterly A.11 other classes . . . Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- her. 1,173 1,181 181 184 641 183 152 circulation per issue. 15, 707, 597 10, 763, 143 2,484,548 1,542,855 830, 219 646,869 185, 140 131, 806 3,110,883 2, 913, 730 6,501,906 2,685,470 2,874,657 2,288,134 720, 244 546, 279 Num- ber. IN ENGLISH. 1,055 1,052 169 173 679 630 167 133 circulation per issue. Num- ber. 14,879,7 9,919,0 2,363,5 1,463,1 742,6 588,7 164,1 111,4 2, 783, 5 2,543,9 5, 391 2, 560, 2,738, 2,151, 706, 520, 458 m FOREIGN LANGUAGES.! 118 129 circula- tion per issue. 827,889 834,080 130, 965 89, 665 87,700 57, 140 20,996 20,368 327,362 369,814 110,448 134,988 136,638 136,954 13, 890 25, 151 1 Includes those printed in English and a foreign language. Eighty-one of the publications were in the German ianguage, 6 in English and German, and 1 in English, German, and French. The circulation of the purely German was 529,400 copies per issue, or 63.9 per cent of the total circulation of foreign pubhcations. Of these German pubhcations, 7 were daily and 3 were Sunday newspapers, 40 were weeklies, 2 were semi- weeklies, and 2 triweeklies, 2 semimonthhes, 15 month- lies, 1 bimonthly, and 9 quarterlies. Of the foreign-language dailies other than German, 2 each were in Bohemian and Hungarian and 1 in Yiddish. There were also 2 Sunday, pwers — 1 in Bohemian and 1 in Pohsh— and 2DlgmZBd-t>)ifi Bohemian, 3 in English and German, 4 in Hungarian, 4 in Italian, 5 in Polish, 2 in Slovak, and 1 in English, German, and French. Of the foreign semiweeklies other than German, 1 was in Croatian^and Servian, 1> ia Roumanian, and 1 in Slovenian; the only tri- weekly was in Roumanian. There was 1 monthly pubhcation, 1 bimonthly, and 1 quarterly in English and German, and 1 semimonthly in Hungarian. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. — Table 37 presents statistics of the products of this industry, classified by kind, quantity, and value, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The quantities and values for 1914 are taken from the reports of the United States Geological Survey and represent sales during the year. Tables? Products, total value . Brick: Common- Thousands Value Vitrified, paving, etc. — Thousands Value Front- Thousands Value - Fire- Thousands Value Fancy or ornamental Sewer pipe Fireprooftng Tile, not drain DraintUe ■ Stove Uning Pottery: * Bed earthenware Stoneware and yellow and Rock- ingham ware White ware, including C. 0. ware, white granite ware, semiporce- lain ware, and semi vitreous porcelain ware Sanitary ware, including solid porcelain bath tubs, laundry tubs, etc Porcelain electrical supplies . . — All other products 1914 $38,667,374 436, 117 $2,862,109 293,381 11(3,682,230 188,074 31,944,486 102,735 SI, 833, 740 • $14, 727 $4,691,719 $2,200,644 $2,331,079 31,689,565 $51,192 $300,453 $1,592,102 SIO, 227, 806 3619,931 $1,472,369 $3,263,332 1909 $30,531,002 420,999 $2,429,879 324,530 $3,113,128 130,684 $1,393,787 2 103,148 31,730,401 $24,367 33,009,798 $804,637 $1,912,343 $2,032,528 $23,803 8146,137 $1,806,798 $8,884,189 $310,254 $1,146,694 $1,763,269 1904 $26,686,870 1459,283 $2,646,126 189, 734 $1,915,139 82, 552 $866,431 87,626 $1,288,872 3149, 142 $2,939,772 3577,014. $971,785 31,174,290 3181, 736 $1,146,718 $8,446,868 $197, 225 $684,243 32,611,509 1 Includes enameled brick, $3,000, and sand-Ume brick, 38,750. 2 Includes refractory block or tile, boiler and locomotive tile and tank blocks, and other refractory products (9-inch equivalent). 3 Not reported separately. Ohio was first among the states in the manufacture of clay products at each census. The total value of products increased 26.6 per cent from 1909 to 1914, as compared with an increase of 18.9 per cent for the earlier five-year period, whUe the increase for the decade was 50.5 per cent. • White ware, including C. C. (cream-colored) ware, semiporcelain ware, and semivitreous ware, was the leading product at each census and formed 26.5 per cent of the total value of products of the combined industries in 1914, 29.1 per cent in 1909, and 32.9 per cent in 1904, the increase in value being 15.1 per cent for 1909 to 1914, as compared with an increase of 5.2 per cent for the earlier five-year period. The value of stoneware, while showing an increase of 38.8 per cent for the decade, decreased 11.9 per cent from 1909 to 1914. From 1909 to 1914 common brick increased 3.6 per cent in quantity and 17.8 per cent /l/fe/v®]SQ/i®le for vitrified paving, etc., brick there MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1183 was a decrease of 9.6 per cent in quantity, accom- panied by an increase, of 18.3 per cent in value. ~ The greatest absolute increase, $1,681,921, or 55.9 per cent, is shown for sewer pipe, while the greatest rela- tive increase, $1,395,907, or 173.5 per cent, appears for fireproofing. Paper and wood pulp. — Table 38 gives the quantities and cost of materials used, the quantities and values of the principal products, and detailed information re- garding equipment for the years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 38 MATERIALS. Total cost. Pulp wood Wood pulp, purchased: Tods Cost Ground- Tons Cost Sulphite fiber- Tons ■ Cost Soda fiber- Tons Cost Other chemical fiber- Tons Cost Bags, including cotton and flax waste and sweepings; Tons Cost ■ Old and waste paper: Tons Cost Manila stock, including jute bagging, rope, wasxe, tlureads, etc. : Tons Cost Straw: Tods Cost f^el and rent of power . All other materials^ Total value. Book, cover, plate, and coated paper: Tons. Value Writing and other fine paper: Tons Value Wrapping paper: Tons Value Manila (rope, jute, etc.)— Tons Value Heavy (mill wrappers, etc.)— Tons Value Str^w — Tons Value All other- Tons Value Boards: Tons Value Strawboard- Tons Value All other boards-' Tons Value Building, rooting, and sheathiDg paper: T( ous... Value.. All other products Wood pulp produced (including that used m nulls where manufactured), tons 1914 $16,109,274 1909 $187,090 139,461 $6,392,759 1 9, 604 1 $200, 264 86, 659 $4,335,536 33,856 $1,499,053 9,533 $367,916 37, 303 $978,771 200,996 $2,307,643 39, 230 $860,861 97,007 $473,599 $1, 280, 584 $3,637,977 $23,284,192 89,006 $7,712,459 24, 156 $2,597,349 34, 837 $1,954,766 8,800 $816,24? ^ 5,179 $168,716 6,395 $172, 166 14,463 $807,648 171,726 $6,537,694 39, 496 $1,076,535 132,230 $4,462,169 28, 172 $1,086,266 $4,396,669 14,399 $10,898,286 $443,296 80, 201 $3,743,972 4.778 $110,372 47,167 $2,292,178 27,326 $1,303,292 $38, 130 33,744 $893,509 93,239 $1,286,182 25,949 $856,420 70,322 $335,951 $1,049,097 $2,289,868 ■$16,966,260 ' Includes 121 tons of mechanical screenings, 75, 607 86,762,103 19,579 $2,306,016 42,648 $2,389,232 12,393 $1,264,635 5,725 $147,869 8,682 $217,060 15,748 $759,678 106,016 $3,159,290 37,710 $853,100 68,306 $2,306,190 18,974 $598,680 $1,759,939 26,936 costing $3,807. 1904 $6,153,761 $189,724 40, 040 $1,586,569 2,782 $67,829 27,344 $1, 109, 884 9,631 $400,933 $16,913 22,877 $556,546 56,476 12, 268 $354,112 71, 936 $327,355 $709,028 $1,825,110 $10,961,527 45, 604 $4,019,447 8,722 $1,067,920 44,037 $1,786,172 10,066 $777,065 6,314 $164,873 9,078 $207, 610 18,689 $636,634 60,269 $1,716,740 33,953 $866,879 26,316 $849,861 15,400 $499,692 $1,881,656 29,274 Tatole 38— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 EQXJIPMENT. Paper machines: Total number 99 478,244 44 659 55 966 4 7 3 4 20,032 6,532 9,000 4,600 118 414,650 63 675 55 717 6 11 8 3 54,400 7,800 43,600 3,000 96 Capacity, yearly, tons Fourdrinier- Number 281,075 37 Capacity per 24 hours, tons. . Cylinder- 299 69 Capacity per 24 hours, tons . . Pulp equipment: 564 5 Digesters, total number. . 8 Sulphite fiber, number 8 Capacity, yearly, tons of pulp, total. 34, 150 Ground, tons 5,321 28, 829 So(^, tons In the value of paper and wood pulp produced Ohio ranked sixth among the states in 1914, 1909, and 1904. The industry as a whole has increased rapidly since 1904, the total cost of materials making a gain of 161.8 per cent during the decade, and the total value of products increasing 112.4 per cent. The wood pulp purchased in 1914 formed 39.7 per cent of the total cost of materials. Sulphite fiber was the principal kind of pidp purchased at each census. The use of waste paper as a paper stock increased remarkably during the decade, 200,996 tons being reported in 1914 as compared with only 55,475 tons in 1904, a gain of 262.3 per cent. Book paper was the principal product of the paper mills of the state at each census, forming 33.1 per cent of the total value of products, in i914, 39.8 per cent in 1909, and 36.7 per cent in 1904. Of the specified kinds of paper produced, boards made the greatest per cent of increase in value during the decade, and writing and other fine paper ranked second. Wrap- ping paper decreased by nearly one-fourth in quantity during the period 1904-1914, but increased 9.4 per cent in value. The $4,395,659 shown for "aU other products" in 1914 includes newspapers, cardboard, bristol board, card middles, tickets, etc., tag stock, tissue paper, blotting paper, all other paper, and wood pulp, to the amount of $2,942,636, and other products to the amount of $1,453,023. The latter item in- cludes principally paper bags and boxes. The total quantity of wood pulp manufactured in the state has decreased steadily from census to census, the output in 1914 being only about one-half of the 1904 production. Practically the entire production in 1914 was used by the mills in which it was manu- factured. Sulphite fiber was the principal kind of pulp manufactured at each census. The total capacity of the paper machines in use in the state increased 70.1 per cent during the decade, but the capacity of the pulp equipment in tons of pulp decreased 41.3 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1184 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Paint and varnish. — Table 39 shows the kind, quantity, and value of the paint and varnish products of the state reported at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 39 19141 1909 1904 Products total value ... 819,326,676 $13,617,189 $8,530,142 Pigments " $717,352 $11,401,735 28,941,498 $1,905,492 13,219,598 $1,085,100 8,187,973 $8,411,143 $5,255,127 3,268,124 $2,887,622 96,309 $83,236 150,659 $171,309 1,227,184 $556,181 644,962 $340,961 $1,215,818 281,063 $163,538 2,970,795 $175,981 1,875,714 $40,393 1,500,616 $45,569 $1,526,881 $949,613 $7,674,867 24,057,529 81,532,797 12,237,952 $807,156 6, 769, 267 $5,334,914 $3,721,889 3,790,073 $2,413,323 77,786 $106,848 309,080 $269,204 1,715,173 8672,443 $270,071 292,867 $165, 869 4,623,364 $159,570 $956,381 $781,117 Paints $4,389,986 la paste form, ground in oil- White lead- Pounds 19,903,727 Value $957,134 All other- 10,027,720 Value 8701,088 In oil, ready mixed for use- 3,081,836 Value $2,731,763 $2,424,730 Oleoresinous varnishes- 1,736,439 $1,181,203 Spirit varnishes — 80,675 $107, 147 Damar and similar turpentine and benzine varnishes- 624,295 $582,284 Drying japans and dryers- Value Baking japans and lacquers- Gallons $470," 77i Value Another $83,325 Fillers: Liquid- Gallons 146,469 "Value $89,213 Dry or in paste- Pounds 8,779,800 Value . . $246,412 Putty- Pounds Water paints and kalsomine, dry or in paste — Pounds $598,685 All other products I In addition, paints and varnislies to the value of $149,005 were made in estab- lishments not engaged primarily in the manufacture of pamts or varnishes. The products in 1914 exceeded in value those for 1909 by $5,709,387, or 41.9 per cent, the increase in value of paints, not including pigmepts, being 48.6 per cent and in varnishes and j apans 41.2 per cent . In 1914 paints constituted 59 per cent of all products in value, and varnishes and japans 27.2 per cent. In 1909 the corresponding ratios vs^ere 56.4 per cent and 27.3 per cent and in 1904, 51.5 per cent and 28.4 per cent, respectively. , Paints in oU, ready mixed for use, are the most important class of products. In 1914 the value of the same was $8,411,143, which was 43.5 per cent of the total value of products, and exceeded the product of 1909 by over $3,000,000. Oleoresinous varnishes ranked second in 1914 among the products, with a value of $2,887,622, but show a decrease siace 1909 in quantity, with an increase in value. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — Ohio is one of the leading dairy products states, ranking eighth in value of products in 1914 and ninth in 1909. Table 40 gives the quantity and value of the principal products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The butter, cheese,^ and condensed-nylk industry in 1914 was represented by 143 butter, ^^QMH^QabyA condensed-milk factories. During the decade 1904- 1914 the total value of products increased $14,732,755, or 320.8 per cent. The increase from 1904 to 1909 was 111 per cent and from 1909 to 1914, 99.4 per cent. During the later five-year period the total quantity of butter produced increased 146.2 per cent and its value 151.1 per cent, the value in 1914 forming 64.8 per cent of the total value of products of the industry, as com- pared with 51.4 per cent in 1909. Table 40 1914 1909 1904 $19,325,977 $9,689,670 Butter: Pounds,. 43,064,562 $12,520,138 23,616,649 $6,719,266 19,447,913 $5,800,872 13,012,456 $1,310,242 8,717,996 $1,051,795 6,104,862 $881,369 1,797,534 $78,564 815,600 $91,862 50,509,848 $3,066,631 3,436,823 $199,962 47,073,025 $2,866,669 $972,497 $404,674 17,491,251 $4,985,273 11,265,341 $3,162,518 6,225,910 $1,822,756 4,735,900 $500,528 11,860,601 $1,533,517 9,768,970 $1,305,461 1,550,560 $197,656 541,071 830,400 37,655,347 $2,409,959 4,232,160 8256,529 33,423,187 $2,153,430 $161,537 898,856 11,591,981 $2,634,581 7,233,289 $1,527,614 4,358,692 81,007,067 1,843,868 $116,253 17,351,773 $1,655,963 13,219,415 81,231,779 Value Packed soUd— Value Prints or rolls- Pounds. . , . Value Cream sold: Value Cheese: Pnnnds Value Full cream- Pounds.. Value Part cream- Pounds Value Other kinds— Pnnnds 4,132,358 8424,184 1,947,218 $139,063 266,250 $15,976 1,680,968 $123,088 $127,212 $20,150 Value Condensed milk: Pounds. . Value Sweetened — Pounds Value Unsweetened and evaporated— PmindR Value All other butter, cheese, and con- densed-milk factory products All other products Cheese decreased in quantity and in value during the decade and during each five-year period. From 1904 to 1909 the quantity decreased 31.6 per cent and the value 7.4 per cent, while from 19'09 to 1914 the decrease in these items was 26.5 per cent and 31.4 per cent, respectively. The output of condensed milk increased from less than 2,000,000 pounds in 1904 to over 37,000,000 pounds in 1909, and to more than 50,000,000 pounds in 1914. The remarkable growth of this branch of the industry was due almost entirely to the increased pro- duction of unsweetened condensed nulk, the output of which in 1914 formed 93.2 per cent of the total quantity of condensed nulk reported and its value represented 93.5 per cent of the total value; corresponding propor- tions for 1909 are 88.8 per cent and 89.3 per cent, re- spectively. From 1909 to 1914 sweetened condensed milk decreased 795,337 pounds, or 18.8 per cent, in quantity and $56,567, or 22.2 per cent, in value. Glass. — ^Table 41 shows the value of the different classes of glass products and the kind and quantity of the principal varieties of pressed and blown glass and of bottles and jars, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. In 1914^ Ohio ranked first among the states in the beer, soda, and mineral water bottles; MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1185 second in tableware, jellies, tumblers and goblets, lamps, and liquors and flasks; and third in window glass, blown tumblers, stem ware and bar goods, and produced more than one-third of the glass tableware and more than one-fourth of the lamps, gas goods, and beer, soda, and mineral water bottles manufactured in the United States. Table 41 1914 1909 1901 $19,191,342 $14,358,274 $9,026,208 3,805,669 6,490,498 7,422,402 1,472,773 525,573 3,050,666 182,449 1,102,386 318,886 625,019 1,739,548 16,333 1,220,253 545,541 73,645 299,673 2,744,513 6,160,707 4,717,658 735,396 248,815 4,133,100 50,147 1,215,815 213,586 641,896 2,255,805 6,000 585,924 222,764 21,626 138,269 1,626,126 3,954,660 Pressed and blown glass . . All other products 484,695 161,900 2 088 92'i Kind and qualitv of pressed and blown glass and bottles and jars. Pressed and blown glass: Tableware, 100 pieces Jellies, tumblers and goblets, dozens T,aTnpR; f\n7.fmfi . 25 744 1,690,314 255,805 162,946 1,835,350 5,850 433.546 268 782 T.ftTitfir" glohps, (IftZfinq Shades, globes, and other gas Blown tumblers, stem ware, and bar goods, dozens Bottles and jars: Beer, soda, and mineral, gross.... Liquors and flasks, gross Fruit jars, gross . 10,155 Packers' and preservers', gross. . . — 1 Not shown separately. Pressed and blown glass was the most important product of the glass industry in Ohio in 1904 and 1909, and while it shows an increase in 1914 over that re- ported in 1909, and represents 33.8 per cent of the total value of products, bottles and jars displaced it for first place in 1914, with 38.7 per cent of the total. To avoid disclosures of individual operations the quantity of a number of items have not been included in the table. The most important of these are window, obscured and plate glass, globes and other electrical goods, opal and decorated Ware, bottles and jars for prescriptions, vials and druggists' ware, mUk ■jars, and patent and proprietary bottles. The number of furnaces, including both active and idle, was 139 in 1914, as compared with 138 in 1909 and 93 in 1904. Sixty-five of the total number in 1914 were pot furnaces, with a capacity of 860 pots. The corresponding figures for 1909 were 68 pot furnaces, with 736 pots, and in 1904, 43 pot furnaces, with 620 pots. Forty-one tank furnaces, with 615 rings, were reported in 1914; 57 in 1909, with 532 rings; and 36 in 1904, with 303 rings. Seven intermittent or day-tank furnaces were reported in 1914, with a capacity of 26 tons, as compared with 13 in 1909, with a capacity of 30 tons, and 14 in 1904, with a capacity of 42 tons. Twenty-six tanks, equipped with 52 automatic ma- chines, were reported separately in 1914, correspond- ing figures for which were included with tank ftirnaces in 1909. Gas is the principal fuel used in the glass industry in Ohio, over seven billion cubic feet being used in 1914. Agricultural implements. — ^Table 42 givea.-^a.'waluef of the principal classes of agricultural implemCT.ts man- ufactured in the state for 1914, 1909, and 1904. 8210l°— 18 75 Table 42 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $17,484,616 $14,440,461 $12, 891, 197 Plows and cultivators - 4,627,191 2,573,726 1,364,209 6,156,170 2,379,464 383,855 3,062,194 2,675,727 858,106 1 7,536,850 307,584 3,031,384 3,193,853 501,482 Planters and seeders, and all other agricultural implements, including 6, 641, 056 Amount received for repair work 523,422 Ohio ranked third among the states in the value of its output of agricultural implements at each of the last three censuses. The total value of products in- creased 35.6 per cent during the decade and 21.1 per cent for the five-year period 1909-1914. Plows and cultivators were the principal class of agricultural implements manufactured in 1914 and 1909, repre- senting 26.5 per cent of the total value of products at the 1914 census and 21.2 per cent in 1909. Har- vesting implements was the principal class in 1904. Planters and seeders could not be shown separately without disclosing the operations of individual estab- lishments. The item "AH other products" in 1914 includes engines to the value of $1,697,777, and other products, such as wagons, windmills, castings, etc., to the value of $681,687. Carriages and wagons and materials. — ^Table 43 shows the number and value of the different kinds of carriages and wagons manufactured in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 43 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $16,192,449 $21,949,459 $24,002,500 Carriages (family and pleasure): Number 71,972 $4,611,603 25, 417 $2,384,122 63 $29,706 3,907 $30,711 $9,136,307 135,877 $8,126,285 28,882 '$2,733,606 657 $206,458 7,589 $78,542 $10,804,568 199,428 $11,373,346 40,905 $2,703,566 Value Wagons (business, farm, etc.): Number Public conveyances: Value $107,141 8,479 $52,166 $9,766,281 Sleighs and sleds: Value All other products, including parts and amount received for repair Ohio ranked first among the states in the manufac- ture of carriages and wagons at the censuses of 1909 and 1904, but dropped to second place in 1914, being" displaced by Indiana. There has been a steady de- chne in the total value of products for the industry at each successive census, the decrease from 1904 to 1909 being $2,053,041, or 8.6 per cent, and from 1909 to 1914, $5,757,010, or 26.2 per cent. Each class of vehicles shown in the table decreased both in number and value from 1909 to 1914. The greatest absolute decrease is shown for family and pleasure carriages, their number decreasing 63,905, or 47 per cent, and their value, $3,514,682, or 43.3 per cent, while the fr^ftl^ JCSkti^/^crease is shown for the number and ame'wfp^fi'cr conveyances, 90.4 per cent and 85.6 per cent, respectively. The decline is due largely to 1186 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. the rapid development of the automobile industry in recent years, many of the factories formerly manu- facturing carriages and wagons now being engaged in the manufacture of automobiles. leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^Table 44 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantities and values of the principal products reported for this industry. Table 44 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value $11,627,916 $10,127,836 $6,512,754 Harness leather: Sides 335,127 $2,802,957 3,404,590 4,924,836 486,763 8,770 363,981 $2,640,892 3,734,827 3,686,140 266,277 700 309,434 Value $1,860,772 Upholstery leather (automobile, fur- niture and carriage) 1,798,850 1,787,699 All other products 1, 065, 397 Work on materials for others 36 Ohio was eighth in rank among the states in the manufacture of leather in 1914, having advanced from tenth place in 1909. The total value of products for the industry increased 55.5 per cent from 1904 to 1909 and 14.8 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Upholstery leather (automobile, furniture, and carriage leather) was the product of chief value both in 1914 and 1909, although there was a decrease in value of $330,237, or 8.8 per cent, for the five-year period. During the same period the value of harness leather increased 10.3 per cent, but there was a decrease of 28,854, or 7.9 per cent, in the number of sides reported. The manufacture of upper and sole leather was also impor- tant, but in order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments the statistics for this branch of the industry have been included in "all other leather." Of the total value of leather made in Ohio at each of the censuses shown, Cincinnati contributed 52.3 per cent in 1904, 50 per cent in 1909, and 46.7 per cent in 1914. The number of cattle hides treated in 1914 (460,521) represents a decrease of 53,705, or 10.4 per cent^ as compared with the number reported in 1909, but their cost increased $350,522, or 6.8 per cent. Chemicals. — Tablfe 45 presents statistics for the chemical industry in Ohio for 1914 and 1909. Table 45 Products, total value The chemical industry Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids industry, and subsidiary chemical products from other industries. Acids Sodas and sodium compounds Compressed or liquefied gases Glycerin! Pounds Value Other chemicals All other products 1914 $12,490,369 $11,388,140 $1,102,229 $2,435,302 $4, 630, 911 $591,248 6,437,784 $1, 246, 795 $2, 810, 810 $875,303 1909 $8,361,985 $7,742,045 $619,940 $1,664,157 $2, 285, 759 1245,541 6,976,859 $1,140,639 $2,532,633 $493, 256 The classified chemical industry includes establish- ments engaged primarily in the manufacture of acids, with the' exception of sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids, for which there is a separate, classification, sodas, potashes, alums, coal-tar prmciQmJ^^SLii bleaching materials, compressed or liquefied gases, alkaloids, salts of various metals, chloroform, ether, glycerin, etc., and elementary and compound sub- stances produced by the aid of electricity. Of these groups, sodas constituted the most important for Ohio. There is a considerable production of chemi- cals by estabhshments classified under other heads, and in the presentation of statistics for products ia detad these have been included, but their value as a total is shown separately from that of the classified industry. In the production of chemicals Ohio ranked fifth among the states at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, the value of its output constituting 7.2 per cent of the total for the United States in 1914, 6.6 per cent in 1909, 6.1 per cent in 1904, and 7.4 per cent in 1899. The total value of products of the classified chemical industryinOhioin 1914 shows an increaseof $3,646,095, or 47.1 per cent, over that of 1909. Petroleum, refining. — Table 46 gives the statistics of materials used, the quantities and values of the principal products, and detailed information regarding equipment, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 46 1914 1909 1904 MATEKULS. $9,924,445 $8,144,583 $7,662,397 Crude petroleum: i 5,026,251 2,676,019 1,350,496 856,453 143,283 $7,961,948 $182,309 $301,123 $115,163 $1,363,902 $11,169,189 4,833,675 4,195,871 Mid-Gontinebt T,iTnfvTpfIiR.Tlf|. 2,410,950 2,167,352 265,373 $4,987,568 $250,480 $563,079 $89,408 $2,254,068 $10,753,738 O Pennsylvania grade Cost $5, 143, 137 Sulphuric acid, sulphur, and caustic P) Containers and materials therefor: Wooden $936,659 $1,682,601 $10,948,864 Metal All nt.hnr matRTinlsa PKODUCTS. Total value Naphthas and lighter products: GasoIine(f rom crude petroleum)— Barrels (50 gallons) .... 1821,624 $3,668,834 66, 144 $167,483 1,013,058 $2,072,015 1,298,016 $1,844,644 420,843 $1,900,185 132,180 $322,272 16,331 $185,951 56,395 $410,929 $696,876 174 23 21,951 151 106,963 539,828 $2,224,283 1,204.186 $2,618,762 1,257,960 $1,302,720 543,526 $2,062,387 101,105 $193,403 18,076 $207,225 54,536 $470,760 $1,674,198 198 38 26,589 160 79,292 467, 594 $1,676,529 AU other- Value Illuminating oils: * Value Fuel oils: Barrels $5,188,808 Value Lubricating oils: Barrels 336,116 $1,540,896 111,339 $210, 911 Value Residuum or tar: Barrels Value Greases: Barrels 19 659 Value $158. 885 Paraffin wax: 47, 533 Value.- . $549,616 $1,623,320 217 EQUIPMENT. Stills, number Steam- Number . " ... 33 Capacity, barrels (42 gallons).. Fire- Number 184 Capacity m 1 Marketed production of crude petroleum produced in the state: 1914, 8,536,352 barrels, 1909, 10,632,793 barrels; 1904, 18,876,631 barrels; 1899, 21,142,108 barrels. . 3 Figures not available, -' Includes sorce ,p?vrtly refined oils and waxes. Mwere produced at the wells in 1914, 48,803 barrels (50 gallons) e, valued at $184,097. '. b / MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1187 TaDIe 46— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 EQTnPMENT— continued. 53 20 14,126,000 321 26,905.000 80 26,771,000 531 49,754,000 44 61 21,521,000 614 78,612,000 52 Storage tanks for: Crude petroleum- 20 8,964,000 Refined petroleum products- Number Fuelofi- 499 84,889,000 Other storage tanks- Capacity In 1914 Ohio ranked tenth among the states in value of output of this industry, whUe in 1909 it ranked seventh. The total production of refined oUs in 1914 was 3,619,585 barrels, of which fuel oils constituted 35.9 per cent; Uluminating oUs, 28 per cent; gasohne and naphthas, 24.5 per cent; and lubricating oils, 11.6 per cent. In 1909 the production of refined oUs was 3,545,490 barrels, of whichfuel oils formed 3 5. 5 per cent; illuminating oils, 34 per cent; gasoline and naphthas, 15.2 per cent; and lubricating oils, 15.3 per cent. Of the crude petroleum used in 1914, a little more than one-half (53.2 per cent) was reported as from the Mid- Continent field; 26.9 per cent from the Lima-Indiana field; 17 per cent, IlHnois; and 2.9 per cent of Pennsyl- vania grade. In 1909 one-half was Lima-Indiana oil, and the balance Illinois and Pennsylvania grade. Hosiery and knit goods. — Table 47 shows for this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantities and cost of materials used and the quantities and values of the products. ' The principal material used in the industry was cotton yarn purchased, its cost both in 1914. and 1909 representing about one-third of the total cost of all materials. In 1914, as compared ^ith 1909, there was an increase of 46.3 per cent in the quantity used and 42.5 per cent in its cost. In 1914 cotton yarn formed 64.3 per cent of the total quantity and 44.1 per cent of the cost of all yarns purchased, the corre- sponding proportions for 1909 being 60.2 per cent and 38.0 per cent, respectively. In 1904 worsted yarn was the principal item of cost. The total value of products of the industry increased 116.5 per cent for the decade, although the relative increase was greater for the earlier five-year period, 1904-1909, than for the more recent period 1909-1914, being 61 per cent and 34.5 per cent, respectively. The principal products in 1914 were combination suits, their value representing 37 per cent of the total value of aU products, as compared with 32.3 per cent -in 1909; the increase in number for the five-year period was 51.9 per cent, while their value increased 54.4 per cent. Cotton combination suits constituted 75.4 per cent of the total number in 1914 and 67.6 per cent of their total value, the corresponding proportions for 1909 being 68.4 per cent and 50.5 per cent, respec- tively. Substantial gains were niad£)]^JQf)L2©€^5'" and value of hose and half hose during the decade, and in value during each five-year period. In 1914 the value of merino hose and half hose, although repre- senting a decrease of 19.3 per cent as compared with 1909, formed 42.1 per cent of the total value of all hose and half hose, and in 1909, 76 per cent. The most remarkable increase from 1909 to 1914 is shown for the number and value of "all other" hose and half hose, from 3,725 dozen pairs, valued at $8,725, in 1909, to 233,311 dozen pairs, valued at $376,618, in 1914. Other important products for which increases are shown both in number and value for the later five-year period are hoods, scarfs, etc., and cardigan jackets, sweaters, etc. / Table 47 MATEKIALS. Total cost... Yams, purchased: Cotton— Poimds Cost Woolen— Poiinds Cost Worsted- Pounds. . . Cost , Merino — Pounds. . . Cost AU other- Pounds... Cost Chemicals Furfl and rent of power . AU other materials Total value. Hose and half hose: Cotton- Dozen pairs Value Merino or mixed- Dozen pairs Value AU other — Dozen pairs Value Shirts and drawers: Cotton- Dozens Value AU other- Dozens Value Combination suits: Cotton- Dozens Value Merino- Dozens Value All other- Dozens Value Gloves and mittens: Dozen pairs Value Hoods, scarfs, etc.: Dozens Value Cardigan jackets, sweaters, etc.: Dozens Value AlLother products. 1914 $6,032,526 6,155,521 81,765,372 776, 308 S540, 454 1,449,656 $1,040,979 1,107,919 $493,278 78,707 $159,906 $37,534 $74,288 $920, 714 $8,654,103 107, 411 $184, 169 253,477 $407,241 233,311 $376,618 48,410 $174,640 21,766 $147,300 219,704 $2,165,308 62,986 $863,951 8,801 $176,070 253, 137 $248,048 537,175 $1, 687, 664 150, 295 $1, 669, 896 $653, 199 1909 19041 $3,851,419 $2,177,368 4,207,238 $1,238,527 773,371 $439,977 1,096,829 $1,003,980 843, 181 $398,934 66,081 $177, 628 822, 691 $37, 663 $532,319 $6,433,431 72,602 8150,464 323,948 $504,939 3,725 $8,725 87, 151 8166, 667 39, 154 $234,037 131, 186 $1,047,775 58,063 $961,771 2,683 $66,938 319,522 272,478 81,064,969 115, 457 $1,365,728 S581, 570 1,649,479 $444, 930 327, 684 $215,232 784, 770 $760,490 564,372 $195 266 14, 262 $32,941 $21,730 $25, 461 $481,318 $3,997,047 74, 840 $131,142 239, 162 $321, 864 97, 816 $166,862 82, 264 $228,170 37,190 $247, 771 65,823 $395,068 15,643 $212,879 4,623 $111,326 231.990 $360; 111 206,024 $482,070 (^) (^) $1,349,794 1 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual oper- ations. 2 Included in "all other products. " Boots and shoes. — Table 48 shows the number of pairs of the various kinds of boots, shoes, and sHppers MfBPeh0fi^ i"^ O^io in 1914, 1909, and 1904. 1188 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 48 Products, total Boots and shoes Men's Boys' and youths' Women's Misses' and children's Slippers All other footwear NTIMBER OF PAIRS. 1911 17,973,441 17, 161, 199 1,419,925 1,734,957 10,966,825 3,039,492 662,456 149,786 1909 18,908,915 17,693,316 1,702,194 1.372,330 11,154,083 3,464,709 1,147,239 68,360 1904 18,263,416 18,063,299 1,661,202 1,590,568 9,797,093 5,014,436 192,053 8,064 The boot and shoe industry in Ohio in 1914 showed a decrease of 4.9 per cent from the production in 1909. Women's boots and shoes were by far the most important class manufactured, 13.6 per cent of the total for this class for the United States in 1914 being ma.de in Ohio, a larger proportion than in 1909, although there was a decrease in the number pro- duced of 187,258 pairs, or 1.7 per cent. Table 49 shows the number of pairs of the various kinds of footwear produced in 1914 and 1909, classified according to method of manufacture. Table 49 Cen- sus year. NUMEEE OF PAIRS, BY METHOD OF MANUFACTUKE. PEODXrCT. Total. Welted. McKay. Turned, and wood or metal fastened. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 17,161,199 17,693,316 6,027,083 5,760,738 9,914,687 9,706,685 1,219,429 2,225,893 Men's, boys', and youths' Women's . . 3,154,882 3,074,524 10,966,825 11,154,083 3,039,492 3,464,709 662,456 1, 147, 239 149,786 68,360 1,217,226 1,471,204 4,603,637 4,038,641 206,220 250,893 1,796,438 806,345 5,332,200 6,073,809 2,786,049 2,826,531 470,055 579,765 141,218 796, 975 1 030 988 Misses' and cMIdren's Slippers . . . 1, 041^033 47,223 387,285 > 192,401 518,098 149,786 2 68, 360 49,376 ' Includes "welted.' 2 Includes all kinds reported. Of the total number of boots and shoes manu- factured, 57.8 per cent were made by the McKay method and 35.1 per cent were welted. Of the men's, boys', and youths', 56.9 per cent were made by the McKay method, and 38.6 per cent were welted; of the women's, which formed 63.9 per cent of all the boots and shoes made in the state, 48.6 per cent were of the McKay variety and 42 per cent were . welted. Misses' and children's shoes were made principally by the McKay method, 91.7 per cent being of this type. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 60, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Ohio for 1914 and 1909. In 1914 Ohio ranked sixth among the states both in number of persons engaged in the industry and in amoimt received for work done. The foregoing table shows increases between 1909 and 1914 for all items given except amount paid for contract work. The amount received for work done increased $2,433,537, or 45.2 per cent, and the average number of wage earners 1,372, or 23.3 per cent. In 1914 establish- ments owned by individuals reported 18.2 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 62.7 per cent; and those under all other forms of ownership, 19.1 per cent. Seventy- seven establishments had receipts for the year of less than $5,000; 121, receipts of $5,000 but less than $20,000; 78, receipts of $20,000 but less than $100,000; and 20, receipts of $100,000 but less than $1,000,000. Table 50 Number of estabUshments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEB LATOIDBIES. Number or amount. 1914 296 8,434 309 860 7,265 10,909 S5, 066, 162 3,996,649 839,455 3,167,194 2,555 180,002 1,361,546 7,822,491 1909 253 6,773 277 603 5,893 7,431 802,957 772,137 512,958 259,179 23,874 122,580 871, 722 388,954 Per cent ofin- 1909- 1914. 17.0 24. S 11.6 42.6 23.3 46. S 33.2 44.2 63.6 39.7 -89.3 46.8 66.2 45.2 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Table 51 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this niimber represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 51 January . . . February . March April May June July August September. October November December . ■WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 7,132 7,067 7,135 7,279 7,362 7,599 7,505 7,391 7,349 7,166 7,119 7,092 1909 6,641 5,626 5,794 5,800 5,897 6,043 6,064 6,976 6,069 5,958 5,912 5,946 Per cent of maa- mum. 1914 93.8 93.0 93.9 95.8 96.9 100.0 98.8 97.3 96.7 94.3 93.7 93.3 1909 92.9 92.7 96.5 96.6 97.2 99.6 99.8 98.5 100.0 98.2 97.4 98.0 Table 52 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1189 Table 52 NTIMBEE OF ENGDreS OK MOTOKS. HOKSEPOWEB. Amount. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,! 1909-1914 582 327 10,909 7,431 46.8 Owned 265 222 42 1 317 317 245 198 45 2 82 82 9,626 8,902 699 25 1,283 1,228 55 7,022 6,235 737 50 409 401 8 37.1 Steam 42.8 Internal combustion -6.2 Water wheels and motors Rented -50.0 213.7 Electric 206.2 Other 587.5 Eleotrio— Generated in establishment 1,036 605 2,195 1,338 64.1 Table 53 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 53 Unit. QVANTITT. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 crease,' 1909-1914. Anthracite coal Tons, 2,240 pounds Tons, 2,000 pounds.... Tons, 2,000 pounds . . . Barrels.. 1,994 57,922 651 116 742,424 398 59,799 77 73 649,446 401.0 —3.1 Coke 745.4 Oil 58.9 Gas 1,000 cubic feet 14.3 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. GENERA! TABLES. Table 54 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of estabHshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 55 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 60,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry for which figures can be shown without disclosing the operations of indi- vidual estabHshments; and for cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for aU industries. Table 54.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. Cen- Num- ber of Wage earners (aver- age Primary Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Cen- Num- ber of .Wage earners (aver- age Primary Wages. Cost of mar teriaJs. Value of prod- ucts. INDUSTRY AJTD CTTY. sus estab- lish- ments. horse- INDBSIET AND CTTT. sus estab- lish- ments. horse- num- ber). Expressed in th ousands. num- ber). Expressed io thousands. THE 3TATE-ALL INDUSTR lES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 15,658 510,435 2,002,780 8317,924 Jl,020,782 $1,782,808 Brick, tile, pottery, and 1914 549 27,334 76,432 816,487 SI2, 176 $38,667 1909 15,138 446,934 1,583,155 245, 45C 824,202 1,437,936 other clay products. 1909 703 23,985 64,620 12,165 8,665 30, 5M 1904 1914 13,785 364,298 1,116,932 182,429 527,637 960,812 1904 1914 795 16 22,638 677 58,045 848 10,619 298 6,456 732 25,687 igrioultural imple- 59 5,464 11,677 3,826 3,155 7,810 6,319 17,485 1909 55 5,997 9,867 14,440 1909 22 425 075 168 625 1,219 19Q4 71 6,659 8,354 2,910 6,692 12,891 Butter, cheese, and con- 1914 286 1,480 6,677 1,049 15,968 19,326 Artificial stone products 1914 403 964 2,949 635 763 1,946 densed milk. 1909 325 1,067 3,386 567 7,685 9,690 1909 299 802 1,325 404 499 1,378 1904 431 488 3,462 292 3,729 4,593 1904 67 280 347 135 167 446 Canning and preserving . 1914 U35 • 2,507 7,079 946 5,897 8,951 Automobiles, including 1914 102 18,752 30,249 13,411 56,330 86,711 1909 107 2,009 4,244 532 3,102 4,660 bodies and parts. 1909 1904 75 22 12, 130 2,722 14,433 1,877 7,746 1,617 18, 522 2,563 38,839 6,358 1904 107 2,144 3,580 577 2,701 4,491 Carriages and wagons 1914 341 5,997 13,381 3,839 8,561 16,192 Awnings, tents, and 1914 38 615 348 299 1,270 2,131 and materials. 1909 407 8,815 14, 771 4,647 11,414 21,949 sails. 1909 1904 30 17 392 241 260 107 163 101 853 326 1,387 718 1904 456 11,027 16,936 5,269 12,856 24,003 Carriages and sleds. 1914 7 1,267 1,049 762 1,121 2,426 1914 9 646 853 306 1,831 2,893 2,393 1909 1,035 1,086 1,977 1,823 1909 8 557 508 240 1,638 1904 8 738 481 803 1904 9 482 1,389 177 965 1,513 Cars and general shop 1914 48 1,879 3,687 1,228 1,077 2,386 Belting, leather 1914 10 78 216 56 643 730 1909 49' 1 318 3,636 20 722 801 1,691 172 1909 8 107 405 80 796 1,080 pairs by electric -rail- 1904. 5 'l50 94 55 1904 6 80 307 48 660 753 road companies. Cars and general shop 1914 88 21,639 31,389 9,471 16,054 33,286 BlaoMng and cleansing 1914 54 104 237 53 339 798 construction and re- 1909 71 20,728 19,422 12, 726 14,266 28,690 and polishing prepa- 1909 49 103 297 50 297 672 pairs by steam rail- 1904 74 17,026 13,964 9,890 10,226 21,428 rations. 1904 121 38 60 14 62 152 road companies. Cars, electric-railroad. 1914 4 916 4,213 612 2,289 3,594 1,965 Boots and shoes, includ- 1914 73 14,674 9,945 7,132 19,883 33,642 not including opera- 1909 4 734 2,875 471 1,094 ing cut stock and 1909 72 16,026 8,926 6,646 18,872 31,551 tions of railroad com- 1904 4 765 1,860 476 1,069 1,828 findings. 1904 73 14,032 6,113 5,275 14,989 26, 735 panies. Cars, steam-railroad, not 1914 5 2,885 6,420 2,434 8,558 11,796 Boxes, cigar including operations of raihoad companies. 1909 g 2 282 4,410 1,725 1,304 1,198 4,195 3,358 6,451 5,539 1909 31 531 1,029 167 360 711 1904 5 2; 065 1904 30 480 506 136 374 669 Boxes, fancy and paper. 1914 49 2,456 2,530 1,941 1,825 961 2,087 1,931 4,060 Cement 1914 7 849 6 975 521 890 638 2.112 1.465 1909 46 830 3,635 1909 9 887 12.685 544 1904 42 1,743 827 475 1,072 2,133 1904 12 743 9,579 452 534 1,508 Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. 1914 84 2,277 4,393 4,214 1,657 4,190 3,533 7,843 r.hAmicfl.ls . . . 1914 29 2,017 18,751 11,715 1,460 749 6,726 4,748 11,388 7.742 1909 82 2,232 1,372 6,572 1909 33 1,132 1904 70 1,485 1,860 808 1,545 3,347 1904 818 1,025 6,169 662 3,003 4,590 Bread and other bakery 1914 1,634 7,665 8,978 4,783 17,295 30,561 Clocks and watches, in- 1914 9 1,305 626 779 679 1,808 1,981 1,869 products. 1909 1,467 5,972 5,398 3,371 13,666 23,007 cluding cases and ma- 1909 9 1,466 877 784 526 1904 1,138 5,295 3,875 2.520 _ 9,059 15^641 1 terials. 1904 6 1.712 649 714 1 Excludes statistics f (f?itS?e5i^^ iiit^i(fa\ MSi5iff(Js!i^S}^^uaI ope ations. 2Ir dudes canning and p.-^s erving, fr uits and vt getables," and "pickles, presen res, and sauces. ' 1190 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 64.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. "Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grinding. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Coke, not including gas- house coke. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cordage and twine and jute goods. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Dairymen's, poultry- men's, and apiarists' supplies. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Explosives . FertUizers . Flags, banners, regaha, society badges, and emblems. Flour-mlll and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and re- flectors. Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass. Groase and tallow, not including lubricating greases. 1914 1909 1904 257 342 357 10.758 9.950 7,185 2,948 1,794 1,315 1914 1909 1904 17-0 153 143 9,775 8,843 6,379 1,719 1,505 1,363 1914 1909 1904 35 39 28 822 762 592 2,062 2.186 1,680 1914 1909 1904 19 24 19 1,252 1,246 1,164 2,268 2.289 1,454 1914 1909 1904 5 4 4 489 246 113 2,325 1,250 350 1914 1909 1904 132 114 70 3.149 2,493 1,750 4,200 2,005 891 1914 1909 1904 95 113 120 1,516 1,663 1,723 4,037 3,453 3,096 1914 1909 1904 1288 221 180 7,448 6,598 3,970 8,483 6.352 3,779 1914 1909 1904 6 8 8 560 791 1,070 2,512 3,225 3,285 1914 1909 1904 81 70 58 3,199 2,820 2,467 8,079 6,667 4,836 1914 1909 1904 18 18 IS 442 479 361 1,002 916 662 1914 1909 1904 119 115 92 12,695 8,073 5,114 17,771 11,959 7,138 1914 1909 1904 11 11 16 311 358 428 5,646 2,692 4,075 1914 1909 1904 24 27 17 1,005 841 490 4,739 3,059 2,630 1914 1909 1904 17 13 16 1,074 1,262 1,120 487 568 421 1914 1909 1904 649 673 694 2,363 2,585 2,700 53,524 52,260 53,880 1914 1909 1904 76 61 31 21,379 1,218 31,003 1,523 1,020 874 73,103 64,817 52,986 5,709 3,254 1914 1909 1904 159,172 112,538 78,859 1914 1909 1904 213 228 212 7,831 8,232 8,672 16,317 16,951 14,490 1914 1909 1904 52 56 22 1,832 1,437 662 2.868 2,366 714 1914 1909 1904 25 38 58 398 666 2,239 1,363 2,166 2,052 1914 1909 1904 39 45 37 10,997 10, 159 7,844 34,871 16, 198 11,256 1914 1909 1904 34 23 22 400 300 125 2,010 1,264 S4,903 4,060 2,749 5.137 4,272 2,724 386 362 221 702 625 537 352 120 54 1,254 840 818 803 823 4,600 3,163 1,746 245 313 361 1,898 1,518 1,116 233 262 167 7,409 3,847 2,268 188 204 236 590 368 235 631 623 429 1,506 1,415 1,340 827 456 48,318 38,015 28,207 4,469 4,142 3,910 1,021 748 431 1,083 7,063 5,977 4,612 270 171 72 $13, 766 12,920 9,937 12,090 10,291 6,769 10,184 8,277 7,626 1,294 1,324 1,176 1,607 640 170 6,081 4,089 2,272 2.547 2,216 1,968 14,450 11.622 5,341 1,394 1,984 2,518 1,961 1,660 1,266 722 527 419 17,482 7,226 4,699 972 1,104 1,275 4,627 2,535 1,386 1,203 1,609 1,023 38,957 41,353 35,626 20,035 8,-271 6,369 77, 503 64,660 44,546 7,429 7,242 5,644 2,600 1,777 484 480 827 1,347 7,046 4,688 2,837 671 591 447 $27,622 24,869 19,346 22,882 19,493 12,804 13.312 11,224 9,958 2.966 3,061 2,624 2,157 851 259 10, 134 7,307 4,712 3,946 3,516 3,559 25,059 19,086 9,414 2,232 2,728 3,250 6,612 6,036 3,667 1,277 1,149 852 36, 121 18, 777 11,019 1,439 1,719 1,843 7,246 4,435 2,289 2,605 3,026 2,267 45, 171 48,093 40,856 27,346 10,837 7,860 178,865 145,837 103, 713 16,687 16,259 13,827 4,899 3,563 1,284 1,432 3,080 4,812 19, 191 14, 358 9,026 1,216 1,017 643 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods. House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Ice, mmufactured . Ink, printing Iron and steel, blast fur- naces. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or roUing mills. Iron and steel, wrought pipe. Jewelry. Leather goods. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Ldme Liquors, distilled . Liquors, malt - Liquors, vinous. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone wctrk . Mattresses and spring beds. Milhnery andlace goods. Mineral and soda waters. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. 1914 1909 1904 28 26 21 431 406 349 58 83 67 1914 1909 1904 38 39 28 3,411 3,149 2,490 2,740 1,613 ■ 1,221 1914 1909 1904 26 22 24 320 364 366 895 1,069 1914 1909 1904 132 97 69 1,277 892 620 27,978 19,058 11,882 1914 1909 1904 7 8 6 254 183 136 1,913 1,437 732 1914 1909 1904 33 40 33 5,786 7,295 5,434 232,179 215,739 167,740 1914 1909 1904 70 75 57 46,397 38,586 27,766 642,958 516,813 304,162 1914 1909 1904 15 17 14 2,365 2,797 2,331 2,308 2,002 1,378 6,167 4,782 1914 1909 1904 29 30 22 7,440 4,912 1914 1909 1904 5 6 4 2,285 1,081 660 3,193 3,770 1914 1909 1904 67 36 16 477 356 262 348 116 94 1914 1S09 1904 U87 86 94 1,743 1,890 2,412 1,437 1,399 1,813 1914 1909 1904 28 36 40 1,605 1,884 1,610 4,450 4,244 2,770 1914 1909 1904 38 39 41 1,416 1,273 899 7,374 3,872 3,318 1914 1909 1904 18 17 23 332 374 627 2,809 2,422 3,517 1914 1909 1904 101 105 114 5,340 4,356 3,771 38,048 31,690 26,288 1914 1909 1904 28 29 47 186 149 170 447 406 677 1914 1909 1904 n,lS8 1,390 1,312 11,921 13,456 13,570 61,162 69,255 68,536 1914 1909 1904 213 198 123 2,523 2,012 3,035 10,353 7,070 9,998 1914 1909 1904 43 38 36 934 961 663 2,228 2,069 1,798 1914 1909 1904 30 31 17 911 1,357 456 409 603 132 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 202 174 148 98 74 61 575 M67 447 519 441 283 1,059 1,060 1,036 673 631 $224 174 139 1,502 1,072 714 162 143 133 904 559 196 131 99 5,171 5,090 3,471 38,004 28,614 18,668 1,323 1,336 1,670 1,117 783 1,636 640 360 337 252 162 966 879 1,063 1,054 1,083 777 663 381 223 230 317 4,416 3,267 2,802 115 79 7,104 6,701 6,594 1,636 1,161 1,626 500 435 275 433 478 141 342 237 235 393 294 174 $574 422 272 5,033 3,851 2,177 924 439 876 664 292 1,354 809 407 60,739 68,426 32,477 139,676 139, 243 78,210 2,602 3,421 2,413 3,937 2,221 1,324 6,162 2,607 2,116 403 619 229 3,473 2,869 2,931 8,606 7,720 4,462 706 698 532 1,988 2,514 3,410 9,190 6,563 5,966 1,063 718 691 18,017 19,972 17,733 2,049 1,460 1,732 1,998 1,682 1,392 1,005 1,459 452 267 183 159 58 $1,040 804 642 8,654 6,433 3,997 1,430 1,660 790 3,134 2,270 1,217 2,764 1,907 1,319 72,969 83,699 40,862 205,023 197,780 111,997 4,651 6,2,67 4,196 6,7.52 4,044 2,842 9,368 3,418 2,620 1,265 1,255 653 5,728 4,939 5,444 11, 628 10,128 6,613 2,334 1,620 1,334 10,684 12,011 16,977 31,990 25,332 21,621 1,800 1,304 1,335 31,8,53 34,597 32,926 5,264 3,847 4,863 3,427 3,307 2,296 1,918 2,744 596 2,004 1,395 670 386 and steel tus," anil ilncludes' _ _ _ _ water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "iron - -, . . - - j,r — , J- , pumps, steam and other power; " "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating appara- structural u-onwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 8 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. < Includes "saddlery and harness," and "trunks and valises." 6 Includes |Jboxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, plaaitts-»iili,iJmdjjet^ ifiJ^.inciadtoMdaBjiw jniJtt/iSsneoted with sawmills," and "window and door screens and . MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 54.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904^Continued. 1191 INDXJSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary liorse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Motorcycles, bicycles, 1914 9 752 1,951 $618 $1,634 $2,931 Screws, machine 1914 7 1,464 2,886 $942 $1,368 $3,276 and parts. 1909 6 942 1,895 686 1,066 2,308 1909 6 324 915 204 178 598 1904 3 446 647 293 457 1,041 1904 4 438 1,160 226 301 793 Musical instruments. 1914 27 1,745 2,201 1,022 1,673 3,545 Shipbuilding , including 1914 29 2,879 9,661 1,939 1,900 4,717 pianos and organs 1909 30 1,841 2,254 1,092 1,922 3,926 boat building. 1909 39 3,200 8,126 1,705 2,462 6,676 and materials. 1904 26 2,210 2,163 1,205 1,626 3,684 1914 3 150 1,603 116 3,642 3,081 3 958 Show cases 1914 1909 11 14 302 349 711 669 178 173 280 307 619 Oil, linseed 668 1909 4 213 1J347 83 31627 1904 14 438 742 228 314 749 1904 4 71 950 50 2,135 2,400 Signs and advertising 1914 50 1,372 1,800 734 1,744 3,6.61 Oil, notelsewhere speci- 1914 20 138 495 105 1,888 2,676 novelties. 1909 28 1,096 1,126 605 941 2,598 fied. 1909 21 157 330 102 1,252 2,037 1904 20 140 74 1,046 1,570 Slaughtering and meat pacldng. 1914 <169 3,619 13,037 9,873 1,488 1,857 59, 681 66,674 1909 158 3,086 44,347 50,804 Paint and varnish 1914 1909 95 87 2,107 1,535 8,721 5,572 1,295 904 11,339 8,570 19,327 13,617 1904 105 2,316 4,434 1,355 26,311 29,155 1904 75 1,111 4,275 581 6,865 8,630 Springs, steel, car and 1914 7 819 1,667 628 1,550 2,774 carriage. 1909 5 318 410 186 297 642 Paper and wood pulp. .. 1914 48 5,430 50, 013 3,378 16,109 23,284 1909 47 4,673 51,402 2,419 10, 898 16,966 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 15 708 1,118 394 906 2,174 1904 1914 53 129 3,883 2,269 36,288 3,702 1,683 1,179 6,154 4,197 10,962 8,148 1909 1904 14 11 982 461 2,130 383 144 996 396 2,434 861 Paper goods, not else- where specifled. 1909 28 2,040 1,909 882 3,434 6,307 Stoves and furnaces, in- 1914 105 S,676 10, 648 6,751 8,416 19,982 1904 23 2,049 2,020 663 1,836 3,973 cluding gas and oil 1909 102 7,274 9,478 4,217 6,300 15,368 stoves. 1904 102 6,609 6,859 3,634 4,006 10,191 Patent medicines and 1914 2 262 1,032 1,949 479 3,018 7,734 compounds and drug- 1909 261 905 1,568 385 1,888 6,869 Tin plate and terneplate 1914 7 963 1,330 659 9,443 10,826 gists' preparations. 1904 196 1,046 1,256 386 2,118, 7,371 1909 4 676 1,849 449 7,166 7,889 Paving materials 1914 66 .1,957 23,885 1,169 723 3,507 Tobacco manufactures. . 1914 961 13,282 2,043 6,362 11,917 28,467 1909 5 56 374 33 68 210 1909 1904 1,146 1,329 12, 631 11, 175 1,401 1,011 4, .605 3,912 12,075 7,500 28,907 20,489 Petroleum, refining 1914 7 1,519 4,920 1,026 9,924 11,169 1909 10 1,659 4,324 1,028 8,145 10,754 Toys and games 1914 36 1,103 941 520 799 1,909 1904 12 1,900 4,386 1,054 7,662 10,949 1909 19 387 253 175 379 768 Photo-engraving 1914 26 411 366 396 170 974 1904 10 379 263 127 132 363 1909 20 277 215 242 109 676 Umbrellas and canes. . . 1914 13 267 184 101 480 836 1904 11 180 159 146 36 321 1909 15 287 82 105 607 1,005 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 n,783 1,655 18,070 15,766 24,308 18,417 12,800 9,365 17,070 11,904 55,609 41, 667 1904 12 280 111 88 488 833 1904 1,542 13,859 12,272 7,573 8,679 31,327 Wall plaster 1914 1909 22 23 626 269 3,617 1,823 370 106 770 434 1,714 936 Pumps, not including 1914 17 1,014 1,403 639 1,404 3,277 1904 27 466 1,730 225 382 1,037 power pumps. 1909 20 897 1,322 617 1,271 2,747 1904 19 369 633 192 218 672 Wirework, including 1914 43 810 1,281 466 2,167 3,436 Roofing materials 1914 18 715 2,076 429 2,319 3,906 wire rope and cable. 1909 60 1,455 2,511 823 1,806 3,620 1909 11 428 3,229 261 3,147 3,900 1904 60 1,379 556 1,278 2,617 1904 15 255 137 2,410 3,148 Wood, turned and 1914 61 986 4,260 520 1,280 2,284 Rubber goods, not else- where specified. 1914 54 21, 705 58,672 14,578 68,737 109,659 carved. 1909 83 1,208 4,811 533 1,063 2,460 1009 1904 37 27 10,382 4,815 26,886 13,945 6,660 2,318 32,442 10,226 63,911 16,964 1904 83 1,207 490 1,062 2,214 Safes and vaults 1914 1909 10 10 1,760 2,014 5,603 3,177 1,153 1,321 1,483 2,162 4,337 6,488 Wool .shoddy 1914 5 623 1 410 256 820 1,3.53 1,257 1909 4 438 1,100 200 742 1904 11 2,163 2,316 1,395, 2,047 4,895 19J)4 5 426 1,100 158 948 1,239 Salt 1914 8 813 4,937 441 1,204 1,090 2,197 1,807 AH other indtl^iTie'^ 1914 1 222 39,423 33, 928 . 98,832 67, 919 22, 192 16,901 71, 844 59,460 133,093 110,313 1909 8 648 4,034 361 ^^a \Jljl±\ji lUl^UOulJCO. . . . 1909 '968 1904 8 539 1,705 236 663 1,168 1904 930 30,741 71,687 13,996 44,664 79,436 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. AKliON— All indus- tries. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products. Brick,tile, pottery, and other clay products. Carriages and wagons. . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 305 246 186 24,680 15,831 9,626 19 30 22 183 90 30 1,048 1,172 1,362 100 115 159 66, 942 36,263 280 105 2,966 2,902 194 357 $17, 310 13 16 11 126 68 18 612 600 676' 75 $66, 062 43, 071 20, 410 443 265 47 515 443 441 54 78 142 $122,292 73, 158 33, 559 44 41 36 719 417 76 1,488 1,491 1,818 193 236 AKRON— Continued. Foimdry and machine- shop products. Liquors, malt. Lumber, and timber products. Patent medicines and oompoimds. Printing and publish- ing. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 534 26 20 3 3 3 = 13 10 1,552 969 832 184 81 367 319 159 800 734 970 4,362 2,015 1,732 1,622 1,280 10 1,027 934 ' Includes "envelopes." 2 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 'Includes "bookbinSng and blank-book making; < Includes "sausage." ' Includes "automobile repairing; ""engines, steam, gas, and water;" "hardware; Ing mills." • Includes "lumber, planing-mlll products, not includmg planing mills cormected with sawmills," and "window and door screens ■ ' Excludesstatistics for one estabUshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 8 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making "and "i}|hqgraphin] " ,133 650 136 57 245 191 99 534 452 523 $1,699 1,062 1,360 170 113 883 437 396 5 9 5 685 597 655 $3,947 2,248 2,368 1,352 645 405 1,326 792 602 15 29 28 1,938 2,353 2,835 engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing," and "lithographing." "hardware, saddlery;" and "structiu-al ironwork, not made in steel works or roll- iyi§i!Md by Microsoft® 1192 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 54 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904^Continued. raDUSTKY AMD CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of Ush- ments, Wage earners (aver- age num- Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Nmn- berot estab- lish- ments. •Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. AKRON— Continued. Rubber goods, not else- where speeined. Stoves and hot-air fur- naces. Tobacco, cigars. All other industries . CANTON— All m- dusfries. Agricultural ments. imple- Bread and other bakery products. Confectionery.. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- .shop products. Leather goods . Lumber and timber products. Printing and publish- ing. Tobacco, cigars All other industries. CINCINNATI— All industries. paper . Blacking and cleansing and poUshing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, in- cluding cut stock and findings. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper . Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 51909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1904 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1904 5 3 5 7 10 106 276 204 168 147 32 25 27 3 33 21 17 13 16 19 16 130 94 73 2,135 2,183 2,171 17 15 14 12 14 M7 17, 468 9,015 362 334 302 6 10 15 2,587 2,956 5,709 12, 255 9,964 5,938 271 283 525 131 69 42 38 30 17 139 138 120 2,153 1,748 1,226 219 267 56 46 46 80 251 161 131 40 70 67 8,967 7,162 3,675 69, 861 60, 182 58, 584 335 299 197 27 38 17 7,295 7,989 6,644 139 222 189 753 669 639 556 563 587 43,886 20, 225 900 610 9,278 6,588 43,071 27, 016 326 442 116 38 184 230 3,420 3,409 130 131 272 180 275 185 38,313 22,383 106,689 88,622 603 320 4,195 4,631 268 405 570 218 708 424 264 228 199 $8,550 5,719 2,964 194 127 239 66 34 21 22 10 5 84 74 56 1,400 1,005 620 133 116 27 29 44 193 88 74 16 27 33 6,408 4,209 1,845 33, 169 31,097 27,390 149 129 68 14 14 5 3,716 3,518 2,563 62 82 57 263 185 153 346 329 309 $49, 063 29, 630 228 245 165 6 6 12,160 10,124 17, 072 $21, 808 14,644 4,594 543 401 533 203 147 49 37 42 11 116 93 90 2,634 2,267 1,298 310 339 64 62 95 100 306 78 52 27 42 22 17, 581 11,140 2,385 114, 107 101,407 83.268 754 730 401 118 112 35 1,322 1,584 i,294 106 177 238 487 292 234 506 385 466 $92, 647 49, 329 754 468 14 18 22 17, 821 14, 806 24,608 $43,713 28,583 10, 591 1,105 819 1,164 421 253 90 69 19 293 268 207 8,042 4,891 2,704 545 549 117 128 135 202 218 66 106 79 32,251 21,210 5,801 210, 860 192,516 166,059 1,263 1,088 581 281 256 77 16, 329 14,999 11, 152 226 347 371 1,016 679 609 1,187 996 1,108 CINCINNATI— Con. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Chemicals. Clothing, men's,includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grinding. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Flags, banners, regalia, society badges, and emblems. Flour-mill and grist- mill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refriger- ators. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured. Leather goods. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 177 187 199 10 14 19 "10 115 183 217 26 26 21 22 15 20 20 7 23 9 48 37 8 35 69 10 228 200 186 52 60 6 62 14 12 11 14 8 10 2 13 16 6 16 12 13 10 1,669 1,340 1,314 287 336 249 378 217 417 1,761 2,260 2,705 747 314 449 81 122 99 5,477 5,718 4,320 1,137 1,325 1,171 227 221 170 909 771 663 508 632 641 1,139 833 918 101 55 85 319 313 243 436 403 327 43 52 93 9,055 8,634 8,180 1,713 2,026 2,706 239 260 251 230 129 109 416 533 514 755 997 976 1,524 909 749 650 648 420 2,788 2,523 1,023 590 608 1,628 559 167 176 657 691 930 573 1,446 1,269 1,495 1,154 518 166 329 397 287 317 725 685 17,578 12,590 3,450 3,499 6,048 3,229 233 230 2,382 2,269 $925 723 692 171 169 122 134 77 129 1,203 1,295 1,380 564 203 282 2,668 2,512 1,702 616 619 467 107 91 62 345 279 225 292 318 712 413 432 95 35 45 191 200 136 206 162 114 35 38 40 5,789 4,985 4,254 1,007 1,071 1,327 121 112 87 155 81 474 570 610 $3,690 3,034 2,311 65 57 772 483 765 3,126 3,702 4,576 341 111 199 362 474 651 1,370 1,514 1,497 1,782 1,595 1,432 1,377 1,222 977 734 766 727 3,548 1,633 1,199 137 61 469 333 283 505 603 331 1,036 967 810 7,741 7,044 6,309 1,606 1,727 1,962 344 284 181 172 124 100 193 928 277 790 271 725 3,954 3,677 2,285 $6,386 5,103 391 464 358 1,354 825 1,262 5,565 6,825 7,670 971 328 510 618 899 968 15, 105 16,976 14,761 2,567 2,913 2,712 2,286 2,110 1,835 2,343 2,029 1,568 1,247 1,232 1,350 6,570 2,776 2,348 391 136 175 902 836 621 1,153 1,083 973 21,122 18,380 15,958 3,514 4,062 4,821 532 424 472 385 332 1,548 1,499 1,407 5, "156 5,059 3,405 1 Includes "automobile repairing;" "bells;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" " plumbers supplies, not elsewherespeclfied;" "pumps,steam;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." • 2 Includes "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises." 3 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planlng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens." 6 Figures do not agree with those pubhshed, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. ^ 6 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid cBsptQsai/iaiiiidiiriiaijyppeAtiJbti.^,* r\^^-Fi-fS\ £ Includes "canning and preserving, fruits and vee^etkidiiJWndwWi^Gv^^'^tfEl&iSk^TL^ » Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified," and "tirftvare, not elsewhere specified." ■"Includes "automobile repairing"; "bells"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "gas machines and gas and water meters"; "hardware"; "plumbers' supplies not elsewhere specified"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ' MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 64.— COMPAEATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1193 INDUSTRT AND CTTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDirSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CIWCIHITATI— Con. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. Marble and staae work. . Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. • Paint and varnish Paper goods, not else- where specified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves and hot-air fur- naceSj including gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures . . All other industries. . CLEVELAin) - industries. -All Artificial stone products Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper. Brass and bronze prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 20 22 21 137 45 43 27 25 21 10 19 9 15 25 24 23 2-6 6 4 «37 SO 37 <307 280 264 47 55 48 12 15 11 160 208 253 436 397 350 2,345 2,148 1,616 1,727 1,578 1,287 1,166 1,621 1,503 327 269 417 84 165 72 293 428 264 140 417 408 270 112 113 228 202 365 4,074 3,866 3,997 1,126 1,116 878 872 614 2,087 2,526 3,434 10,662 9,768 10,510 103,317 84,728 64,041 118 121 38 7,006 6,408 1,800 46 61 12 54 708 739 321 789 801 561 13, 114 11,416 3,957 6,808 1,171 854 200 227 235 65 2,229 1,356 261 252 6,056 4,671 4,928 3,710 170 247 22,514 17,898 277, 066 199, 898 177 158 10,867 9,135 647 879 872 $1,549 1,168 747 863 792 214 181 297 50 74 31 105 120 85 92 63 43 294 215 148 59 42 12 116 90 122 2,883 2,480 2,317 766 669 522 432 485 329 958 988 1,267 4,285 5,132 4,720 67, 3S1 48,053 33,460 68 76 22 5,371 4,023 1,027 21 19 16 328 266 112 534 518 310 $2,944 2,173 1,884 1,818 2,887 2,627 268 252 373 181 223 138 203 294 168 64 12 2,784 2,486 2,000 290 205 66 705 497 439 4,105 3,349 3,218 21, 567 16,974 11,762 862 1,013 365 1,797 1,640 2,246 24,741 20,311 15, 133 198,493 154,915 97, 678 102 92 22 14,732 10,417 2,030 162 169 17 44 43 33 772 627 199 1,418 1,362 745 $10,353 8,874 7,703 3,246 6,021 5,043 760 632 1,001 306 394 212 443 547 324 239 161 4,517 474 346 106 1,365 1,230 1, 412 13,387 11,519 10,321 23,246 19,320 13,510 2,091 2,326 1,003 4,121 4,163 5,748 46,535 40,422 36, 123 352,418 271,961 171,924 241 233 60 27, 117 21,404 4,624 375 355 44 82 97 66 1,468 1,141 421 2,491 2,668 1,480 CLEVELAWD— Con. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terra- cotta, and fire-ciay products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop- construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothuig, women's.. Confectionery Cooperage anJ wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture . Gas and electric fix- tures, and lamps and refiectors. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods lee, manufactiffed . Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Jewelry Leather goods . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 224 198 138 10 13 6 5 5 68 93 = 70 106 96 78 21 16 '71 37 8 19 12 15 68 40 40 30 8 267 231 6 164 23 25 26 19 17 67 21 15 5 9 30 14 6 12 1,612 1,229 1,230 703 546 252 267 2,877 1,372 1,313 653 469 606 3,590 2,745 1,482 6,955 5,418 3,394 990 301 261 167 1,542 1,364 405 1,692 1,444 807 3,326 1,678 1,236 22, 301 17,916 13, 018 626 467 643 323 326 122 97 59 1,341 1,234 1,025 166 111 43 8,149 7,538 8,577 105 102 47 145 125 120 1,787 14 2,460 1,965 347 176 7,838 1,640 2,773 1,840 646 346 1,074 771 1,307 679 1,036 633 1,422 1,231 4,031 3,246 4,831 1,980 39, 107 24,204 347 199 623 407 3,567 3,266 70,844 60,675 $1,222 804 611 478 286 141 219 182 203 2,362 843 757 307 308 1,696 1,096 642 3,717 2,903 1,682 388 253 106 138 136 919 640 213 952 759 1,948 760 548 IS, 186 10, 486 7,101 345 222 193 112 63 43 34 672 486 138 86 33 6,060 5,150 4,956 79 66 30 97 68 60 $3,917 2,722 1,719 429 213 84 271 142 189 2,297 1,077 823 1,644 978 671 4,616 3,203 1,366 6,496 3,796 2,311 1, 6.53 558 623 471 234 1,854 1,628 293 831 665 452 5,892 1,780 1,099 20, 869 15, 324 10, 017 717 491 346 529 229 192 102 66 2,334 1,813 1,061 156 103 45 24,652 28, 039 22, 772 74 62 40 186 133 $6,908 4,731 2,982 1,215 769 346 462 549 4,958 2, 0.56 1,681 3,130 1,866 1,373 9,646 6,953 2,979 16, 243 12, 789 7,428 3,890 2,852 1,715 855 708 392 3,865 2,966 724 3,684 2,395 1,224 11,358 4,036 2,653 50, 951 37,443 24,033 1,595 1,069 961 974 654 569 303 199 161 4,061 2,957 1,957 570 368 195 33,389 38,463 32,279 232 208 105 271 230 1 Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills," 2 Includes "envelopes." ' Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." * Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing"; and "lithographing." 6 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. • Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified;" and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." 6 Includes "automobile repairing;" "engmes, steam, gas, and water; ""gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe;" "plumb- ers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps, power, other than steam;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made m steel works or rolling mills." ' Includes "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises.'' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1194 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 54.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age niim- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CLEVELAND- Liquors, distilled - ■Con. Liquors, malt.. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods. Models and patterns, not including paper pat' terns. Paint and varnish Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. thoto-engraving Printing and publish- ing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures. Wall plaster All other industries.. COLUMBTTS— All industries. Artificial stoneproducts Boots and shoes. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons . . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 150 51 2 37 19 18 7 7 6 12 6 6 24 21 16 33 24 20 »52 60 30 6 3 4 4 272 246 '184 •39 35 19 27 20 17 233 254 257 3 3 3 432 384 302 643 686 459 1,056 744 601 1,501 1,147 1,084 206 315 178 171 150 112 496 472 166 190 101 1,062 760 575 228 125 52 67 58 66 4,002 3,104 2,291 1,400 1,076 978 2,911 1,843 1,527 1,549 1,866 58 56 45 22, 111 19,221 16,917 17,236 16,428 14,350 19 25 21 1,725 2,479 2,306 545 436 299 407 1,151 6,554 3,395 6,280 5,263 684 350 143 252 213 3,544 2,624 677 66 6,154 3,328 3,229 2,570 2,981 1,899 265 270 90,133 64,422 35, 522 35, 780 121 38 1,106 75 261 477 U 1 1 805 S94 503 1,016 699 622 159 192 116 102 71 47 278 190 20 135 123 70 645 468 304 119 62 21 79 50 53 3,439 2,009 1,409 956 599 566 1,871 1,156 867 775 734 581 40 32 26 13,140 10,312 8,064 11, 177 8,892 7,287 14 17 10 876 1,076 351 222 143 137 217 557 $10 6 1,858 1,484 1,108 3,053 2,732 2,516 207 197 106 248 208 140 630 726 58 51 20 5,766 3,889 2,626 640 316 132 23 36 10 4,155 2,780 1,686 22,303 15,399 9,338 4,261 2,286 1,535 1,093 1,047 646 265 123 66 54,266 43,711 28,641 30,636 25,204 19,244 27 23 14 3,637 3,224 3,055 1,153 1,092 618 346 606 1,270 $27 14 13 . 6,528 5,124 3,986 4,916 4,021 3,820 475 468 297 485 365 239 1,150 1,206 117 279 251 143 10,093 6,138 3,700 2,140 1,010 426 196 144 125 13,986 9,636 6,140 24,737 17, 192 10,616 8,621 4,977 3,005 2,666 2,769 1,916 386 206 146 85, 166 69,429 46,016 57, 608 49,032 39, 530 6,224 5,436 6,426 2,119 1,765 997 648 1,078 2,658 COLTTMBtrS— Con. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grinding. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Gas fixtures. Ice, manufactured . Leather goods . Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paint and varnish. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat paolring. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Tobacco, cigars . All other industries.. DAYTON— All in- dustries. Boxes, cigar. Boxes and cartons, paper. Brass and bronze prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4 3 3 '59 58 49 7 5 23 10 23 13 69 11107 91 76 12 7 6 4 7 10 10 31 35 47 226 202 151 523 513 431 7 24 21 45 44 2,477 3,012 2,868 328 374 204 134 334 32 159 158 93 145 128 124 596 473 455 358 434 305 42 70 111 34 34 12 72 55 38 137 140 163 1,026 901 847 204 130 234 294 255 264 223 220 8,608 6,277 4,733 24,061 21,549 17,093 105 518 540 386 95 210 189 4,272 4,148 553 2,425 1,784 134 127 3,529 3,045 1,910 1,808 75 445 58 179 141 184 285 879 606 365 261 377 17,366 20,002 51,809 31,501 $14 19 22 1,688 1,841 1,550 207 189 91 51 141 16 105 91 42 90 74 74 504 371 246 264 220 42 47 71 29 23 7 41 28 19 712 592 516 121 101 190 173 132 83 81 70 5,617 3,264 2,348 14,076 12,451 23 27 198 196 114 145 109 $224 329 396 3,153 3,465 401 405 230 116 371 28 71 68 34 276 353 223 619 816 613 768 451 55 75 78 550 346 155 311 239 881 950 689 475 2,984 1,964 737 371 310 190 92 155 107 14, 540 10, 103 6,092 32,954 27,528 18,505 57 47 45 460 486 379 207 213 111 1 Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens " 2 Excludes statistics for one estabhshment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." * Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." 6 Excludes statistics for two estabUshments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. " Includes "sausage. " ' Includes " automobile repairing; " "hardware;" "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps, power other than steam'" 'steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and"structuralironwork, not made in steel works or "rolling mills." ' ' ' s Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." 10 Includes " perfumery and cosmetics." 11 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book maldng" aq 12 Includes "sausage." 't)'§imWd'by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 54.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904^Continued. 1195 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Usb- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. INDITSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. DAYTON— Con. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Confectionery., Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. Lumber ■ and timber products. Marble and stone work. . Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Printing and pubUsh- ing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco, cigars . Tools, not elsewhere specified. All other industries SPRINGFIELD— All industries. TOLEDO.— All dustries. Boxes and cartons, pa- per. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terra- cotta, and fire-clay products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 11 11 6 171 69 60 10 10 6 2 12 11 ail 4 6 3 7 S 5 *50 45 8 40 186 174 151 253 195 157 713 760 697 491 350 262 241 . 374 383 147 196 204 175 142 107 72 3,424 3,585 3,223 400 423 427 576 512 468 14 41 27 37 31 18 680 630 521 276 245 110 1,582 1,428 1,287 52 40 19 16, 202 12,653 7,868 7,405 6,258 27, 076 18, 878 15,697 64 97 59 579 468 443 193 172 221 ■ 651 401 696 697 148 126 159 50 6,862 5,576 667 795 1,799 1,650 100 44 1,045 1,078 115 62 112 59 39,084 19,286 13, 113 10, 179 63,369 43,946 $290 187 112 141 203 167 63 71 43 44 44 2,119 2,033 1,714 210 200 193 416 325 273 11 33 23 459 386 261 193 145 65 533 487 425 34 21 10 9,171 7,881 5,060 5,328 3,985 3,263 ■18, 124 9r911 8,099 29 26 14 370 260 206 140 80 117 $1,213 949 290 347 264 138 209 167 219 196 90 81 88 66 2,944 2,800 2,268 285 287 266 1,151 878 720 14 39 22 5 5 660 440 310 3,846 2,636 1,144 906 831 676 13 7 20, 563 17,070 11,552 13,704 8,919 6,762 70,494 34, 084 26,466 55 68 43 1,263 959 724 103 35 48 $2,013 1,531 459 802 566 277 354 315 405 339 189 178 178 153 6,869 6,778 6,539 825 744 738 1,899 1,417 1,241 95 65 50 36 22 1,774 1,552 1,019 4,831 3,171 1,310 2,065 1,893 1,455 76 62 18 48, 049 39,929 24,920 27, 722 19,246 13,382 116,049 61, 230 44,501 111 103 76 2,307 1,698 1,268 321 177 269 TOLEDO— Con. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Clothing, women's Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. Leather goods. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paints. . Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publish- ing. Wail plaster All other industries. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1304 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10 5 10 e35 37 320 11 7 4 '67 75 50 16 23 12 «10 4 4 4 6 9 21 28 23 6 7 6 7 4 5 6 6 i»31 51 1188 72 56 262 272 233 494 614 825 814 1,150 638 184 146 141 85 116 30 647 180 918 416 234 204 195 3,796 3,191 2,895 374 680 433 585 502 63 62 77 16 16 11 40 34 32 61 76 44 763 637 24 45 32 15,717 8,098 6,986 1,463 1,283 1,254 I 935 200 165 290 105 75 145 713 265 1,165 248 3,345 3,610 740 2,541 1,631 2,141 2,480 227 142 186 160 102 154 29, 817 22,550 $347 257 399 696 634 465 516 493 261 81 51 34 38 52 15 465 282 94 397 168 36 187 140 115 2,674 1,905 1,666 231 303 220 38 36 38 330 250 222 333 670 480 360 16 25 20 10,644 4,077 3,670 $508 609 932 534 ■ 674 832 1,410 1,375 804 607 236 136 104 106 53 1,020 649 198 1,821 289 46 5,277 4,931 3,237 3,137 3,161 2,491 299 645 338 92 78 113 724 452 499 1,054 1,111 1,260 197 108 134 4 5 5 122 158 139 125 149 74 523 414 60 130 81 51,230 17,744 12, 867 $1, 188 1,317 1,766 1,202 1,427 1,367 2,434 2,323 1,448 778 411 262 196 83 2,029 1,303 484 3,230 932 130 5,815 5,662 3,676 7,855 7,024 5,190 734 1,128 660 184 139 209 2,476 1,887 1,610 1,747 1,793 1,784 331 217 29 24 17 267 262 225 453 640 343 2,991 2,004 1,461 110 221 140 "gasmachinesandgasand water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;'' ;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." boxes, wooden packing," and " lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with saw mills." ' statistics of one establishment to avoid! disclosure of mdividual operations. 78,269 30,663 21,800 "pumps, steam 1 Includes "engines, steam, gas, and watery' and other power; '"* "sti 2 Includes "boxes, ' Excludes stg,tistios of one establishment t < Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making" and "lithograpliing,'- 6 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 5 Includes "stamped ware, not elsewhere specified," and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." ' Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "hardware"; "plumber's supplies, not elsewhere specified;" and "structural ironwork, not maderin steel works, or rolling mills." slncludes"saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ^. .^ ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products, not including plamug mills connected with sawmills" "Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." , , , ^ . , j. , ^ . i- ,, j ,,,.i^ 11 Includes " bookbinding and blank-book making"; " engraving, steel and copper plate, includmg plate prmtmg"; and Uthographmg." and "window and door screens." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1196 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 64.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. YOtTNGSTOWN- AU industries. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 201 115 113 43 22 11 '19 IS 2 13 130 65 48 !,040 ,153 196,665 140, 907 $12,349 7,835 5,460 115 33 8,492 2,674 113,065 75,530 38 30 1,680 800 5,204 3,350 869,077 62, 292 35,183 316 133 4,442 2,702 1,020 39,863 39, 969 23,000 $92,111 81,271 46, 853 620 249 153 7,235 4,865 2,079 48, 796 50,175 29,738 YOTINGSTOWN— Continued. Lumber, planing-mill products, not includ- mg planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Printing and publishing All other industries.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 12 8 10 21 13 10 98 50 62 343 199 208 243 164 152 5,510 2,267 2,148 1,246 615 S280 135 137 181 109 121 3,830 1,549 1,256 $522 654 431 178 128 69 23,756 18,706 10,577 303 188 73,444 61,877 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Alliance.... Ashtabula., Bellaibe Cambbidge... Chillicothe.. East Liverpool. Elybia FiNDLAT Hamilton.. IBONTON. Lancaster.. Lima Lorain.. Mansfield. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 82 81 63 68 78 74 71 129 125 113 69 53 42 97 85 77 66 57 43 103 121 109 2,333 2,524 1,868 1,471 846 2,603 2,597 1,455 1,230 1,557 1,674 1,553 4,830 4,873 5,228 2,735 2,673 1,737 1,376 1,343 6,043 6,895 6,107 1,420 1,920 1,800 1,583 1,532 4,876 3,607 2,733 6,436 6,697 3,102 3,204 3,021 4,678 3,453 7,327 2,379 14,390 17,790 5,742 5,055 4,765 3,658 6,061 6,628 10,814 9,058 3,661 2,674 16, 767 22,563 15, 147 15,648 2,874 2,453 7,518 3,264 211,182 208,992 6,637 5,077 $1,617 1,462 1,345 814 456 1,566 1,412 1,112 919 852 707 570 2,935 2,764 2,703 1,759 1.573 778 674 q25 3,565 3,798 3,321 721 888 824 790 677 3,178 2,024 1,322 4,660 4,788 2,832 2,029 1,472 1,309 $3,666 2,853 2,825 2,084 996 9,278 7,159 2,340 2,885 2,571 3,038 1,928 2,842 2,621 2,107 5,016 4,496 2,791 2,094 1,579 9,015 9,640 6,384 3,294 4,994 3,423 3,287 3,051 6,369 3,869 2,255 17,929 24,222 9,708 4,772 4,3.56 3,523 $7, 175 6,135 5,021 3,459 1,895 12, 170 10,092 3,924 4,291 4,083 4,345 3,147 7,093 6,629 ^,437 8,792 8,065 4,663 3,487 2,925 16, 877 18, 184 13,811 4,666 7,118 4,755 4,603 4,074 11,599 7,764 4,828 29,110 38, 987 14,491 10,282 8,173 7,354 Maeietta Maeion Massillon Middletown. . Newark Norwood PiQUA Portsmouth.. Sandusky Steubenville Tiffin Wareen Zanesville... 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 71 66 73 66 55 47 70 56 52 63 41 79 72 78 58 49 78 82 76 76 76 81 107 91 97 3 108 1,401 1,288 1,314 2,577 2,619 1,721 1,768 1,934 1,996 4,003 2,576 4,583 3,913 3,627 6,808 3,907 2,777 2,683 2,044 3,597 3,728 4,072 2,727 2,118 2,323 4,606 4,267 4,184 2,177 1,632 1,645 2,862 1,798 3,035 2,932 3,117 2,742 5,676 6,644 4,730 35,328 9,304 8,071 8,630 6,381 5,721 5,062 6,099 4,028 7,415 4,866 36,731 37, 748 4,464 3,257 5,747 6,530 7,064 7,783 $844 594 610 1,512 1,405 865 1,166 1,127 1,158 2,888 1,389 2,969 1,958 2,130 3,614 2,081 1,508 1,292 947 1,751 1,459 1,479 1,686 1,006 1,028 3,430 3,203 2,328 1,410 828 664 1,933 911 1,685 1,582 1,690 $2,383 1,787 1,366 2,562 2,677 1,362 2,719 2,290 1,582 10,580 7,960 3, .574 3,982 2,433 7,217 4,021 4,554 3,852 1,908 4,079 3,894 3,520 4,069 2,835 2,136 11,432 14, 443 8,243 2,392 1.252 1,000 6,365 3,064 5,246 6,066 3,291 1 Includes "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 2 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations . 3 Figures do not agree with those pubhshed, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those estabUshments located within the corporate limits of the city. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1198 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 55 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS mOUSTRT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE tUDUSTKY. WAGE EAKNEES DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. AUindustries 16, 668 Agricultural implements Aluminum -ware Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobiles Automobile repairing Repair work only Vulcanizing Awnings, tents, and sails . Bags, paper Baking powders and yeast Baskets, andrattta and willow ware . Belting, leather BilUard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Blueing Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden, packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. BrasSj bronze, and copper Aluminum castings Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Sewer pipe, draintile, etc Fire brick, stove lining, etc Tile, other than drain Architectural and flreproofing terra cotta. Brooms, from broom corn . .-. Brushes Butter Buttons Canning and preserving, fpuits and vegetables. Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials.. Carriages and sleds, children's. Carriages and wagons Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop constmction end repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not iricludiug operations of railroad companies. Cement Charcoal Cheese Chemicals China decoratmg, not including that done in potteries. Cleansingand polishing preparations. Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Cloth, sponging and refinishing Clothing, men's Regular factories Men's and youths' Boys' Contract work ' Men's and youths' Boys' Clothing, men's, buttonholes. 59 8 16 403 63 39 85 81 4 38 34 10 6 12 4 60 62 26 49 94 84 79 6 1,634 11 1,623 460 166 227 26 7 24 16 143 64 7 277 248 31 7 7 129 29 5 42 32 10 7 224 102 96 6 122 116 6 10 606,807 13,62418,958 46,35717,433 510,435 Mh 534, 637 De 476,841 6,643 ?#2 50 1,605 4,635 16,521 346 338 8 799 741 72 689 126 49 58 9 1,268 15, 996 492 2,799 1,609 2,768 2,391 377 10,980 1,417 9,563 17,826 7,388 4,922 1,720 1,868 1,938 485 835 1,727 172 1,936 2,889 1,376 4,410 4,216 194 1,963 23,240 1,013 3,085 904 27 224 2,387 30 231 178 53 65 10, 208 8,065 7,619 436 2,163 2,071 82, 59 57 2 1,838 1,837 363 261 4 2 85 236 7 76 .27 1 312 274 11 118 7 18 263 129 118 11 134 126 194 16 5 89 116 270 18 18 44 318 10 127 55 146' 135 11 233 30 203 668 279 126 62 40 62 18 37 118 239 234 6 334 48 51 17 2 7 102 724 6 8 37 282 1,226 5 5 174 154 162 2 20 .20 84 717 6 119 50 203 180 23 860 197 653 476 143 134 49 97 53 99 46 306 297 1,238 42 142 2 203 134 5 4 26 78 398 11 11 9.7 481 3 19 83 76 7 394 73 321 181 61 44 13 52 11 51 141 1 33 70 32 129 127 2 58 756 324 8,691 Ap 9,172 745 315 6,712 Mh 7,122 729 302 6,318 Mh 6,720 16 13 394 Se 408 1,979 Ap 2,104 'liLl26 ,.20 U 9 , L905. Oo l,9f wigmMbyiMi^imo: 5,464 216 22 954 4,128 14,624 216 212 3 615 42 617 78 36 20 6 977 14,461 443 2,466 1,397 2,277 1,943 334 7,665 1,116 6,549 16,238 6,809 4,358 1,592 1,667 1,812 345 677 1,099 167 1,654 141 2,672 1,267 3,425 3,284 141 1,879 21,639 916 2,885 849 14 97 2,017 12 84 Fe De Ap Je Oo 6,793 282 26 1,276 4,670 De 16,761 Jy 228 Jy Jy« My Oo 223 6 842 683 My 48 Jy 705 Ja 88 Mh 50 TUTU 22 Je' 7 Fe 1,030 Fe 16,147 No 465 Mh 2,603 Je Se Jy Se 1,461 2,573 2,158 415 7,846 1,160 6,711 Jy 18,127 7,904 5,045 1,725 1,750 1,916 361 730 1,226 212 6,385 Jy Ap Ja Ja Mi Ja Se My 187 Ap 2,977 My 1,402 Ap 3,794 Ap 3,648 Jy 150 Ja 1,921 Se 22,637 Au 1,077 Ja, 3,915 Se 929 Se* 17 Je 160 Ja' 2,158 Oc 18 Ap 101 Ap 79 Mil 24 Jy< 54 No 4,132 Ja 172 Au< 20 Fe 676 Ja 3,319 Jy 12,990 Ja 187 Ja De* No Jy De No< Jy< Je< 185 4 453 621 37 534 71 24 19 Ja< 3 De 942 Ap 11,432 Au 423 De 2,281 De 1,331 No 2,096 No 1,757 Au 252 Ja 7,370 My 1,079 Fe 13,824 Fe Ja De Au De Jy '/e Au Fe Ja No De No No No De Je De De 4,948 3,554 1,401 1,583 1,681 318 636 1,004 42 305 106 2,267 1,019 2,963 2,832 131 1,780 20,207 679 2,008 Ja 717 De* 7 De* 34 Au 1,896 Ja 4 Au 70 Au 55 Au* 15 De* 46 (=) 5,621 283 24 1,119 4,125 664 1,075 201 6,005 143 444 129 286 145 141 789 105 2,983 857 17 143 1,996 18 82 66 16 48 8,839 6,738 6,310 428 2,101 2,027 74 75 m 6,589 265 23 1,116 3,963 17,155 16,864 234 230 4 576 624 43 659 79 50 22 5 946 16,016 449 2,327 1,385 2,115 1,786 329 7,836 1,084 6,752 17,581 7,448 - 6, 122 1,496 1,671 1,846 233 229 4 262 303 16 469 78 48 16 5 567 8,766 172 816 1,321 2,086 1,766 320 6,202 589 5,613 16,998 7,433 5,112 1,490 1,118 1,845 326 518 1,031 175 3,579 84 2,295 1,062 3,199 3,058 141 1,763 21,081 966 2,978 867 17 142 1,962 57 46 12 48 3,050 2,532 2,483 49 618 601 17 14 m 23 18 1 3 160 280 1 1 P) P) $1,677,561,6 9 315 27 190 1 2 6 372 6,129 274 1,501 64 29 20 9 1,604 495 1,109 564 5 2 4 663 146 44 26 2,387 59 143 64 84 84 5,732 4,193 3,814 379 12 6 6 45 7 7 1,539 1,482 57 6 6 38 38 61 1 Owned power only. 31,624,254 619,037 35,291 1,769,146 7,151,783 60,002,615 392, 638 386,506 6,132 1,244,762 1,648,306 102, 440 317,885 607,349 72,073 68,206 19,980 2,044,094 21,542,379 410,176 3,077,760 2,095,438 5,975,522 5,449,987 626,535 16,364,766 2,877,107 12,477,649 42,356,256 17,589,171 11,832,929 4,071,214 3,903,372 4,959,570 431, 429 1,310,729 3,736,633 96,541 4,234,478 112,382 6,529,254 1,828,004 11,199,673 10, 998, 754 200,819 4,066,813 16,912,157 3, 017, 199 7,080,427 3, 970, 921 11,894 230,821 13,847,986 26,310 257, 866 163, 679 94, 187 22, 956 13,205,410 12,971,340 12, 616, 201 355, 139 234,070 228, 115 5,955 11,113 ' Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1199 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. PO-WEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments rejiort- mg. Ofacials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 144, 639, 229 $60, 725, 607 S317, 923, 813 $5,437,438 $6,193,463 $31,240,400 $961, 446, 203 $S9, 335, 812 $1,782,808,279 $762, 026, 264 2, 002, 780 1, 541, 2X2 163, 611 14, 443 283, 514 539, 486 497, 852 41,902 5,725 82, 476 287,830 1,058,020 20,300 20,300 816,868 7,414 7,062 33, 273 361, 374 1,695,265 6,822 6,822 91, 782 96,916 18,474 21,099 45,303 11,200 10,490 118, 320 60,961 36,694 2,963 24,790 4,664 23jl87 89,040 799,494 10,873 218,265 91, 522 326, 920 296, 387 30,533 458,826 86, 915 371, 911 1,025,856 458, 175 226, 702 120, 287 98,531 122, 161 14,296 99,970 184, 018 6,389 108, 161 10,095 268, 518 79, 067 451, 780 441,340 10,440 460, 175 112,226 191, 595 44,354 565 2,905 319, 797 52,440 33,010 19,430 519,925 493, 739 490,199 3,540 26,186 26,186 121, 512 [, 447, 851 6,073 124,425 59, 929 311,439 278, 339 33, 100 [, 055, 208 279, 584 775, 624 692, 971 177,546 167,359 68,424 223,109 66,533 23,689 104,636 218, 976 1,906 113,363 4,322 151, 791 63,217 389, 264 387, 064 2,200 14, 738 1, 128, 504 57,613 195, 071 68,152 339 1,533 259,975 53,814 37,410 16, 404 1,175 1,257,481 1, 239, 508 1,211,586 27,922 17, 973 17, 973 3, 826, 047 121, 694 16, 690 534,680 1, 925, 174 11,486,765 151,557 149, 547 2,010 299,042 304,953 21,527 222,839 56,030 18, 780 15,276 1,558 534,364 7, 029, 581 161,285 961, 283 716, 266 1, 567, 484 1,324,685 232, 799 4, 782, 765 480, 293 4,302,472 9, 797, 888 4, 190, 319 2, 627, 822 935, 610 927, 992 1, 116,145 155,485 297, 510 822, 637 63,6.83 676, 783 56, 252 1,505,247 761, 517 2,334,201 2,242,219 91, 982 1,228,041 9,470,620 612, 244 2,433,894 520, 893 2,477 68, 276 1,460,439 6,367 37, 929 27, 695 10,234 37, 462 4, 167, 655 3, 393, 710 3,246,063 147, 647 773, 845 748, 404 25, 441 32, 490 1,981 23,854 5,471 15,262 1,318 1,318 2,000 128 200- 300 9,199 44,808 156 261 3,443 2,595 2,595 2,584 '"2," 584 45,404 24,767 15,468 162 17, 996 520 6,748 16, 676 61, 667 26, 820 23,868 20,630 30,700 4,635 2,396 5,941 2,620 2,760 324 41,475 142, 070 18,024 78,371 29, 722 36, 347 28, 897 7,450 391,396 12, 610 378, 786 30,931 15,454 1,556 13,201 5,027 150 381 21, 119 2,213 13, 733 13, 465 278 1,840 2,422 52, 619 720 4,405 4,670 48,352 3,740 11,314 3,955 39. 172 10, 869 101, 728 90,466 11,262 21, 662 1,350 1,000 2,874 2,874 1,551,305 1 455,302 1,464,383 919 96,003 96, 003 15,880 17,444 90 85 3,149 12, 300 11, 090 7,020 4,070 7,110 339, 198 322,009 309, 509 12, 500 17,189 16, 471 718 1,440 164, 932 2,841 316 11, 796 83,132 324. 700 3,066 3,040 26 7,848 14,468 1,550 1,992 6,836 847 670 49 16, 798 147. 701 2,710 22, 611 21,049 43,692 39,664 4,128 137, 853 22,849 115, 004 264, 687 107, 233 87, 194 25, 917 21,474 22,869 3,514 10,232 33, 547 439 22, 487 703 51, 610 12, 225 81,940 79, 668 2,272 45,379 54,559 28,435 56, 472 17, 973 71 1,344 109,303 176 2,186 1,190 996 289~ 56, 968 54,604 53,735 869 2,364 2,264 7,584,246 233,648 16, 279 735, 661 4,292,876 50,304,905 113, 870 112, 541 1,329 1, 261, 152 1, 814, 213 246,754 137, 862 539, 593 67, 961 88,673 10, 921 983, 687 19,099,194 329, 682 2,045,142 2, 027, 506 4, 067, 096 3,557,416 499, 680 16, 728, 290 1,944,924 14,783,366 3,401,690 1, 031, 219 826, 743 499,098 778, 407 266,123 446,271 721,219 12,308,345 ' 66,334 3, 080, 735 26, 389 3,614,474 1, 094, 754 4, 748, 498 4, 666, 862 81,636 1,025,145 15, 321, 654 2,263,183 8,433,897 421,079 9,171 1,037,741 6, 640, 856 10, 125 245, 936 160, 714 85,222 401 11, 929, 096 11, 8.55, 174 11, 490, 376 364, 798 73, 922 73, 778 D^WzeW 225,539 11, 211 489 27, 662 166,300 566,417 7,747 7,422 325 8,984 17, 066 1,520 6,668 3,122 511 960 19,275 148,402 9,776 41,473 31,433 132, 449 107, 585 24,864 666,883 48, 174 518, 709 3, 806, 563 1, 880, 809 1, 101, 917 266, 994 229,996 326,-847 7,254 10,763 110,320 1,672 44, 067 96,729 25, 997 101, 261 97, 153 4,108 52,261 732, 067 26, 147 124,397 469,251 274 7,234 1, 085, 137 335 3,648 2,633 1,115 2,010 63,157 49,717 46, 273 3,444 13, 440 12, 555 by. 17, 484, 615 615, 346 104, 391 1, 946, 139 9, 566, 097 76, 154, 488 471, 360 456, 646 14, 814 2, 130, 707 2, 893, Oil 415, 869 481,083 729, 572 113, 918 178,645 15,830 2, 831, 673 32, 773, 922 627, 669 4,060,322 3,355,820 7, 843, 092 6, 920, 170 922, 922 30, 560, 881 3, 785, 782 26, 775, 099 23, 375, 689 9,278,862 6,887,344 2,317,969 2, 790, 543 2,100,981 840,144 1, 544, 399 14, 938, 608 155, 629 4, 729, 692 153,441 6, 488, 372 2.426,231 9", 704, 077 9,428,086 276, 991 2,385,584 33,286,206 3,694,163 11, 795, 726 2, 111, 574 17,333 1,176,447 11, 388, 140 20,200 619, 017 412. 085 206, 932 83,962 24, 063, 468 22, 803, 277 22, 052, 669 750, 618 1,260,191 1, 227, 197 32,994 9, 674, 830 270, 487 87,623 1, 182, 816 5, 096, 922 25, 283, 166 349, 743 336, 683 13, 160 860, 571 1,061,732 167, 595 336, 673 186, 857 46,446 88,912 4,816 1,828,711 13, 526, 326 288, 211 1, 973, 707 1, 296, 881 3, 653, 647 3, 266, 169 398,378 13, 265, 708 1, 792, 684 11, 473, 024 16, 167, 636 6, 366, 834 4, 958, 684 1,551,867 1, 782, 140 1,508,011 386, 619 812, 417 2, 519, 943 87,523 1, 604, 890 122, 984 2, 777, 169 1,305,480 4, 864, 318 4, 664, 071 190; 247 1, 308, 178 17,232,484 1, 304, 833 3,237,432 1, 221, 244 7,888 130, 472 4, 662, 147 9,740 369, 433 248,838 120, 695 81, ,561 12,071,215 10, 898, 386 10, 516, 010 382,376 1,172,829 1, 140, 864 ■^h 965 Rj3, 138 11, 677 592 14 2,949 10, 972 19,277 648 539 9 348 853 227 1,148 216 120 23 1 758 9,813 661 1,941 ■ 6,499 4,393 4,061 332 8,978 894 8,084 67, 161 29, 992 20, 976 6,808 3,030 6,365 5,441 107 4,979 325 7,759 1,049 6,622 6,461 161 3,687 31,389 4,213 6,420 6,976 7,796 534 18, 751 214 vl56 58 31 1,884 1,594 1,540 54 290 253 37 14 1,136 2,216 6,952 650 60 1,091 60 110 4 6,970 272 676 4,076 2,816 2,816 2,289 386 1,903 68, 658 26, 740 19, 311 6,180 1,480 5,947 15 435 3,139 52 4,170 66 6,777 195 2,857 2,849 1,350 26, 616 2,165 4,090 5,395 17, 717 370 370 370 2,147 260 4 1,344 346 1,356 322 322 15 44 110 125 65 27 1,945 147 410 790 546 546 1,171 1,171 4,147 1,168 1,151 720 1,045 73 237 42 1,009 25 543 191 225 150 1,210 1,165 55 757 920 60 176 1,719 332 10 469 8,410 10, 969 128 119 9 304 193 42 2 101 10 14 1 731 1,898 146 796 633 1,031 699 332 5,609 508 5,001 4,356 2,094 614 908 506 336 123 371 1,293 30 757 704 1,555 1,457 2,337 3,941 2,048 1,410 1,500 46 487 310 229 229 86 . 53 32 31 1,204 995 941 54 209 182 27 14 5,716 117 13 50 713 3,867 20 20 414 3,792 60 223 910 910 839 182 657 3,590 1,072 1,073 463 820 162 60 193 444 55 1,494 1,494 1,251 14, 525 618 3,390 3,232 206 200 200 ' No figures given for reason stated under "Explanation of terms.' * Same number reported for one or more other months. 1200 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 65..— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. xnider 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum, month. Minimum, month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Clothing, women's Regular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers and house dresses. AU other Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Wrappers, bouse dresses, and all other. Coffee and spices, roasting and grind- ing. Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods. Coke, not including gas-house coke. . Condensed milk Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels All other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Cordials and flavoring sirups . . . . Corsets Cutlery and edge tools Table cutlery Razors Axes, hatchets, scissors, pocket knives, augurs, etc Dairymen's, poultry men's, and api- arists' supplies. Druggists' preparations Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical macliinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Enameling Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving and diesinHng Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing. Engraving, wood Envelopes Explosives Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Fertilizers Files Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Foundry supplies Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, and rattan, and willow. Metal Store and office furniture Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures All other, including electric fix- tures. Gas, illuminating and heating Gas machines and gas and water meters. 170 11,283 167 240 791 310 9,775 132 11,007 125 237 790 304 9,551 68 8,359 82 160 648 217 7,262 24 1,485 16 42 99 48 1,280 11 548 6 16 19 17 490 14 366 S 18 11 11 318 1.5 249 13 11 13 11 201 38 276 42 3 1 6 224 29 185 91 34 8 151 73 9 3 1 6 35 1,406 17 71 409 87 822 19 1,461 6 58 110 35 1,252 5 513 11 10 3 489 14 330 2 16 21 7 284 292 5,120 289 215 416 236 3,966 132 3,944 111 163 345 176 3,149 16U 1,176 178 62 70 60 816 79 1,560 61 68 H3 23 1,375 68 1,261 61 64 33 20 1,103 11 299 10 14 3 272 236 3,064 236 190 173 130 2,335 8 '179 2 13 42 12 110 4 39 4 1 1 2 31 19 1,146 7 40 77 50 972 3 30 1 1 1 1 26 3 116 3 7 8 2 96 13 1,000 3 32 68 47 850 18 525 8 27 24 24 442 26 446 25 34 97 31 259 5 404 1 8 11 2 382 119 15,226 46 478 1,336 671 12,695 36 315 47 20 9 9 230 6 176 3 6 1 4 162 47 4,647 14 116 279 1,276 2,962 26 117 29 3 1 84 lU 153 8 9 12 6 US 4 7 844 6 2 790 6 23 15 16 11 369 25 25 8 311 14 440 10 14 74 18 324 24 1,296 5 68 184 34 1,005 8 196 5 8 3 2 178 6 177 11 9 4 2 151 34 363 31 16 59 148 109 649 3,876 858 275 259 121 2,363 '/6 2,134 56 68 390 97 1,523 992 60,372 582 2,175 4,742 1,320 51,553 22 1,503 15 49 196 36 1,207 UL 12,403 37 324 568 128 11,346 859 46,466 630 l,!j02 3,978 1,156 39,000 15 195 3 19 35 18 120 25 186 26 8 9 7 136 40 2,548 28 49 66 37 2,368 7,750 209 9,079 172 393 522 242 149 6,387 120 228 180 99 4,760 18 1,388 22 52 226 84 1,004 42 2,304 30 113 116 59 1,986 38 1,106 23 45 93 40 905 19 613 10 18 34 17 534 19 493 13 27 59 23 371 25 512 2 38 61 13 398 12 250 6 15 29 13 187 Mhl0,740 Mhl0,467 An 8,053 Fe 1,439 Ap 533 Se 353 <)fi> 230 An 315 An 217 Se 105 Ap 890 Ja 1,328 Ap 692 .le 334 Oo 4,957 00 4,178 Je 1,101 Mh 1,472 Mh 1,192 .la 306 S« 2,474 .In 278 My s 39 Mh 1,085 .la 3 31 Mh 125 Mh 932 Je 490 Je 271 Ja 450 Ja 13,819 Ap 246 Jv 178 Ap 3,126 Do • 90 Je 131 Jas 3 Ja 880 My 321 Db 347 Kfi 1,647 Mh 3 189 Je 161 Je 122 An 2,425 Se 1,874 Mh56,015 1 Mh 1.458 Mh 12; 116 Mh42,441 .Te 137 Mo 216 No 2,533 Mh 8,459 Mh 5,271 My 1,137 J!'e 2,097 Oc 1,123 Oo 737 No 391 My 427 Ja 200 De De De Je 7,878 7,805 5,692 1,106 No 428 Ja De De De 287 166 73 39 34 De 734 No 1,165 No 337 No 3 257 Fe 3,497 Jy 2,451 Fe 611 37 De J? De No De 1,272 1,006 236 2,176 76 21 De 854 Oo 22 Au 69 De 735 Se No 395 242 Se 259 De 11,888 No No De Je' Ja 218 137 2,621 79 112 Jy< Se 728 De 295 Ap 302 Oo 771 No 154 Se s 147 No 90 Je Fe 2,299 1,361 No 46, 066 No 959 No 10, 533 No 34, 574 De 107 Ap 69 My 2,263 Jy 7, 091 De 4,474 De 772 De 1,880 Au Ja De 785 . 432 344 362 169 9,630 9,324 7,002 1,343 474 303 202 306 222 84 785 1,201 410 263 4,395 3,600 795 1,294 1,022 272 2,309 91 23 26 93 770 428 12,196 235 155 2,597 90 118 2 811 295 341 1,009 176 151 105 2,403 1,601 49, 227 1,071 11, 424 36, 732 119 195 2,535 7,362 4,683 773 1,896 1,007 635 372 427 187 3,404 3,329 3,031 199 49 430 980 410 223 1,984 1,270 714 1,279 1,008 271 2,221 800 23 81 696 407 141 387 9,504 228 119 2,685 72 326 294 240 1,003 166 73 55 2,382 1,239 48,675 1,071 11,274 36,330 119 69 335 6,950 4,498 570 214 356 425 175 6,215 5,984 3,968 1,139 425 272 180 231 160 71 336 221 37 2,383 2,304 79 3 2 1 80 34 12 73 52 103 29 2,684 485 1 100 6 10 78 50 18 361 483 126 2,164 325 112 2 211 436 421 15 1 12 36 to 18 $9,659,029 9,496,998 7,569,103 827,493 643,787 257,156 199,459 62,031 17,260 44,771 6,577,686 3,781 336 2,943,569 1,666,791 8,144,707 5,096,543 3,048,164 2,503,414 2,086,634 416,880 5,450,447 450,391 31,190 1,367,957 46, 949 215,838 1,095,170 1,221,391 963,861 1,451,379 36,495,810 211,797 361, 623 12,681,980 58,104 69, 023 1,799 1,614,965 2,265,848 1,235,452 8, 531; 660 196,710 225, 878 505, 148 18,841,102 11, 719, 674 159,568,026 9,126,323 17,315,593 133,126,110 629, 163 321, 954 1, 833, 882 17,156,275 9,305,975 3,360,076 4,490,224 1,490,413 790,062 700,351 8,670,222 650,193 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1201 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Contmued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent And taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND. SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $767,347 765,237 590,806 110,010 31,260 20,081 13,080 2,110 '""2,'ii6 SI, 424, 193 1,421,761 1,194,014 148,949 35,210 23,776 19,812 2,432 2,'432' 207,101 67,836 29,902 42,681 421,284 341,082 80,202 103,552 83,230 20, 322 343,123 20,480 2,850 89,174 1,200 18,138 69,836 40,564 59,125 22,538 1,167,747 29,106 19,300 263,901 3,140 18,557 76,215 42,840 71,857 12,295 20,480 23,520 411,545 212,465 5,496,728 188,698 753,566 4,554,464 27,254 20,400 98,649 778,282 407,640 142,157 228,485 86,671 32,162 54,509 57,026 43,118 613,391 208,143 13,998 22,824 514,791 425,242 89,549 41,093 39,519 1,574 310, 675 57,435 1,837 124,285 1,828 14,908 107,549 26,440 155,214 13,047 2,028,604 11,098 4,180 409,551 480 9,600 23,990 40,928 123,941 287,974 8,853 3,600 55,315 326,794 498,902 6,428,451 302,819 699,406 5,426,226 52,130 7,341 91,035 691,903 244,864 -281,464 165,575 123,580 53,902 69,678 52,379 39,704 $5,136,614 5,038,880 4,085,741 590,127 186,884 114,117 62,011 97,734 68,524 29,210 385,217 701,649 352,349 157,662 1,784,277 1,253,943 530,334 749,573 607,440 142, 133 1,586,515 45,857 9,509 567,792 13, 655 49, 926 504,211 233,021 138,916 190,927 7,409,090 160,420 92,188 1,982,543 37,803 73,453 1,976 393, 172 188,050 158,609 690,307 83,862 77,240 47,189 1,505,972 827,137 34,235,583 772,495 7,420,049 26,043,039 56,709 99,948 618,075 4,414,612 2,670,039 631,393 1,113,180 472,634 205,018 267,616 261,720 128,514 $311,154 311,154 311,082 72 1,539 475 2,307 141 2,166 225 225 33, 527 $281,359 278,324 210, 596 51,777 7,648 4,683 3,035 2,015 1,020 39,981 6,027 425 100 4,056 65 3,998 10,951 4,000 100 8,450 5,485 2,588 8,477 272 7,939 5,819 283,786 4,034 22,067 257,685 2,000 18,804 16,338 15,511 27 800 875 810 65 300 200 169, 856 129,885 39,971 14,595 11, 746 2,849 67,452 11,267 2,270 4,176 101 540 3,535 2,855 10,891 3,250 93,682 15,574 4,240 10,243 67,017 6,231 320 21,359 1,585 8,214 76 4,002 2,850 9,780 24,405 10,431 446,302 7,244 36,888 402, 170 8,921 29,590 23,829 127,689 82,547 11,881 33,261 34,494 13,414 21,080 6,870 7,006 $61,377 61,098 47,893 4,991 5,592 1,125 1,497 279 206 73 $12,008,712 11,997,755 9,385,756 1,289,451 748, 601 342,348 231, 599 10, 957 992 9,965 44,959 71,052 9,835 12, 826 66,042 49,634 16,408 25,732 22,266 3,466 41,903 7,065 97 12,471 362 1,682 10,427 9,921 11,230 6,832 284,801 1,944 966 87,286 178 242 5 10,715 20,292 7,346 39,544 1,150 1,600 4,142 138,319 57,144 1,243,506 54, 661 163,438 1,025,407 3,206 1,722 12, 162 155,299 76,923 21, 793 56,683 9,611 4,686 5,025 125,280 5,911 10,136,827 1,258,794 354,977 2,463,443 8,199,052 5,985,179 2,213,873 2,386,303 2, 006, 591 379, 712 6,476,621 532,352 8,413 395,401 6,228 30,772 358,401 712,785 528,449 392,477 16,905,997 68,746 79,921 2,704,215 18,328 27,186 206 1,874,521 933,258 321,157 4,534,802 52,843 138,253 412,537 38,569,587 19,894,156 47,742,035 2,319,463 5,852,195 39,570,377 231,604 146,927 2,096,287 7,086,404 3,993,550 1,390,624 1,702,230 1,142,141 531,828 610,313 115,366 216,419 $81, 127 78,144 54,547 12,839 4,657 3,678 2,423 2,983 2,305 678 47,557 34,942 1, 241, 668 51,128 163,688 95,330 68,258 40,183 38,353 1,830 52,057 3,175 441 41,741 784 2,774 38,183 8,784 10,883 51,108 576,251 11,685 21,061 132,989 994 2,233 16,678 38,846 6,024 91,892 7,679 1,799 4,304 387,799 140,601 2,602,198 46,140 779,272 1,777,786 8,955 1,876 18,007 204,171 130,524 23,349 50,298 33,757 22,007 11,750 364,415 5,745 $22,881,753 22,687,391 18,070,697 2,461,584 1,079,745 564,570 510,795 194,362 97,993 96,369 13,312,493 2,966,388 2,156,814 3,211,922 14,341,668 10, 133, 602 4,208,066 3,691,969 3, 115, 009 576, 960 10, 702, 747 890,359 32, 519 1,423,701 25, 986 131,346 1, 266, 369 1,277,115 1,291,403 705,618 36,120,978 374,971 276,716 6,861,351 132,073 175,240 5,380 2,811,649 1,439,009 957,742 7,245,998 188,513 278, 231 908,011 45,171,200 27,346,187 122,816,681 4,152,436 18,215,108 100,449,137 548,662 422,945 3,296,867 16,411,298 9,183,474 2,692,055 4,535,769 2,217,918 999,246 1,218,672 1,431,826 559,666 $10,791,914 10,611,492 8,630,394 1,159,294 326,487 218,544 276, 773 180,422 94,696 85,726 3, 128, 109 1, 672, 652 550,169 707, 351 5,979,028 4,053,093 1,925,935 1,265,483 1, 070, 065 195,418 4,174,069 354,832 23,665 986,559 18,974 97,800 869,785 555,546 752,071 262,033 18,638,730 294,540 175,734 4,024,147 112,751 145,821 5,171 920,450 466,905 630, 561 2,619,304 127,^1 138, 179 491,170 6,213,814 7,311,430 72,472,448 1,787,833 11,583,641 59,100,974 308,103 274,142 1,182,573 9,120,723 5,059,400 1,278,082 2,783,241 1,042,020 446,411 596,609 952,045 337,502 1,719 1,657 1,060 231 241 75 50 62 40 22 2,062 30 30 30 351 351 140 1,338 1,276 890 231 34 75 46 62 40 22 1,394 56 56 56 385 207 4 367. 301 2,268 1,535 470 75 188 1,662 2,325 702 8,332 4,200 4,132 2,325 686 2,662 1,707 955 3,844 386 1,103 688 415 16 2,678 375 2,303 2 2' 2,990 2,118 872 3,622 2,902 720 2,690 96 6 2,715 76 203 2,436 3,141 2,501 640 492 35 230 160 70 1,298 251 241 10 900 61 6 1,046 5 8 1,033 522 428 94 472 13 i' 12 1,030 639 71 45 523 ::::::: 150 880 1,002 770 99 133 333 386 4,100 17,771 127 4,080 5,161 259 20 8,925 10 510 12,250 3,685 646 160 9,617 344 20 4,130 ■■■447' 302 115 1,995 4 "4,' 585' 15 3,045 46 37 4 42 37 667 5,646 94 2,413 -io 142 500 431 2,693 285 4,739 614 213 183 65 265 150 25 14 3 '"'35' 217 1,109 69 3 84 "2,397' 85' 3,365 395 150 85 53,524 5,709 30,333 4,773 11.831 609 7,641 3,719 327 730 3,257 106,890 2,680 17,166 87,044 51,127 2,564 6,310 42,253 16,791 370 38,602 116 8,S25 29,661 50,681 2,286 5,376 43,019 2,031 14,760 ""376' 1,016 41 714 16,051 10,334 1,332 4,385 585 95 336 41 546 2,450 1,656 302 492 69 "4,' 667' 1,102 889 2,016 "i2,'204' 7,916 900 3,388 168 1,397 762 130 505 1,304 883 421 118 18 100 187 61 126 999 804 195 92 92' 1,353 311 1,079 138 197 168 77 5 14 128 « Same number reported for one 82101°— 18 76 or more other months. ! None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1202 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 55.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS mBUSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENQAGED IS THE INBUSTKT. WAGE EABNEK3 DEC. 15, OK NEAB- EST BEPBESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum mouth. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Glass Glass, cutting, staimug, and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Tallow All other, including soap stock. . . Grindstones , Hair work Hand stamps. . Hardware. Locks, hinges, and other build- ers' hardware. All other Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Ink, printing Instruments, professional and sci- entific. Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe Iron and steel, wrought pipe Jewelry Labels and tags Lamps and reflectors Automobile lamps Reflectors, and carriage and wagon lamps. Leather goods, not elsewhere specified Leather, taimed, curried, and fin- ished. Lime Liquors, distilled Whisky and alcohol All other Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames . Lubricafjng greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Embroideries, dress and cloak trimmings, women's neckwear, etc. Trimmed hats, hat frames, etc. . , Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste Musicalinstruments, organs Musicalinstruments, pianos Musicalinstruments, piano and organ materials. Oil, linseed Oil, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paints 132 7 101 28 28 14 675 400 5 213 43 30 10 20 202 19 11 11,541 254 226 679 41 75 5,326 1,171 4,155 532 38 3,730 429 1,706 414 6,625 51,219 2,557 2,504 1,532 2,382 692 121 1,005 826 179 77 1,751 1,568 398 383 15 6,371 303 1,951 493 146 5,929 6,819 3,095 1,126 1,116 263 853 972 497 148 709 891 81 150 786 960 328 319 280 2,925, 833 319 1 216 30 35 12 23 242 111 4 13 12 7 1 Owned power only. 197 42 16 6 14 1 7 126 45 81 20 3 97 28 167 30 41 152 869 52 354 24 72 25 22 173 422 9 140 52 39 6 227 20 23 2 13 2 6 231 53 178 25 2 128 125 96 29 609 3,455 83 587 57 136 45 34 4 172 75 73 33 72 7 1 25 20 157 93 21 41 116 19 1 2 5 2 5 141 26 115 14 78 505 6 18 21 7 6 1 52 14 62 5 17 42 161 i25A ■ 23 . , .170 826 J 20! uigitizea by 10,997 481 196 204 546 4,803 1,036 3,767 431 27 3,411 320 1,277 254 5,786 46,397 2,365 2,308 1,417 2,285 477 92 927 785 142 53 1,605 1,416 332 326 6 5,340 186 1,673 410 73 4,798 5,516 74 2,523 934 911 180 731 675 433 115 519 752 44 123 707 150 138 175 l,«97 Ap 13,290 No 514 Je 423 Se 225 Je 216 My 626 Mh 28 39 Aj) 5,240 My 1,148 Ap 4,118 Fe 470 Mhi 29 Mh 3,709 Ap 376 Au 1,859 Au 1 259 No 502 Ap 6,630 Mi 51, 727 Ap 2,586 Mh 2,697 Fe 1, 577 Mh 2,736 De 503 De 100 Ap 1,282 Ap 1,128 My 156 •Fe 59 Fe 1,739 1,686 3S8 362 10 6,028 261 1,714 429 78 Se Se Au Jy Oc Je Ap My 5,425 Au 5,862 Fe 90 My 2,765 Ap 987 Fe Mh I 1,299 189 Fe 1,113 Jy 689 Ap 508 Se 125 Jy 560 Ap 1,007 My 4 47 Fe 135 Ap 745 Fei 1,011 Fe 184 My 144 Mh 196 Ap 1, Au 7,192 Jy 437 No 367 No 178 De 187 De 427 Au 25 m 39 Jy 4,324 Jy 834 Jy 3,484 Se 354 Ja 22 No 3,081 Au< 290 Ja Mh Ja 821 249 411 No 4,456 No 36,645 De 2,086 Au 2,008 De Oc De De Se 1,165 1,868 466 89 641 522 112 Se 43 De 1,461 De 1,125 Jy 305 Jy 299 Ja4 5 Fe Jy No Ja De De Ja 4,910 163 1,625 328 65 4,321 5,106 Jy 54 No 2,247 De 873 Je De« 634 170 Je 355 Ja 481 Fe 358 My 105 Ja Se Jaf Oo Jy Se 473 511 41 102 681 811 11, 997 494 193 207 627 4,630 967 3,663 442 28 3,526 292 1,312 258 483 6,385 48,785 2,217 2,335 1,473 2,067 608 92 876 757 119 58 1,602 5,714 5,232 81 2,445 876 897 174 723 568 417 118 624 769 49 118 687 852 146 134 184 1,695 Ap 106 No 132 Ja< 135 •e 1,587 power, other than electric. 10,986 405 192 207 527 4 36 4,208 904 3,304 176 16 807 204 1,297 254 6,384 48,463 1,954 2,329 1,470 2,067 456 63 823 711 112 36 1,361 1,353 377 356 369 348 8 8 5,068 5,057 179 'l69 1,624 1,395 408 365 65 65 5,669 5,203 2,442 636 221 39 182 554 417 116 610 729 29 112 686 778 146 134 155 1,561 951 87 23 401 62 339 264 12 2,694 16 4 137 1 321 -262 2 3 22 11 10 227 43 1 3 241 672 135 537 8 29 134 23 $18,978,280 609,283 1,087,975 704,998 382, 977 1,354,888 23,001 53,171 8,879,616 2,696,238 6,183,378 431,700 7,136,898 1,059,014 10,247,927 2,689,375 942,607 95,470,294 232,224,732 6,020,439 5,806,488 4,266,729 13,365,525 770,488 265,010 1,458,698 1,159,575 299,123 123,164 13,147,152 3,851,018 5,149,914 6,102,424 47,490 61,936,027 2,122,586 4,059,347 930,130 436,033 7,276,428 15,042,399 991,222 7,374,604 2,448,777 828,341 207,172 621,169 1,503,689 1,182,513 186,687 747,759 2,719,392 109,879 181, 126 2,042,356 1,622,047 2,952,343 1,197,565 342,823 12,518,032 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1203 EXPENSES. • Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments retiort- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. . Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $606,903 63,785 48,487 38,537 9,950 28,852 2,500 8,876 311,203 221,311 38,388 4,000 301,892 62,195 223,947 186,510 72,667 558,265 2,368,915 176,537 206,624 62,501 92,903 61,892 19,297 66,190 46,680 19,510 4,731 164,070 101,928 73,036 73,036 1,153,801 53,979 225,966 46,518 34,376 245,108 685,235 13,682 245,261 114,082 68,581 12,680 56,001 70,744 44,436 20,189 71,187 84,788 13,946 9,623 35,613 57,069 82,851 47, 554 487,834 $392,764 29,388 22,872 20, 145 2,727 17,423 •3,446 5,840 416,307 89,540 326,767 31,383 1,000 221,386 63,813 119, 661 189,851 59,504 850,530 4,641,282 93,224 79, 47, 73, 13, 46, 29, 16, 6,070 61,830 55,853 53,566 52,084 1,482 825,389 75,919 273,584 54,317 38,701 104,696 437,303 8,726 214,045 116,257 83,693 44,038 39,655 65,554 20, 795 20,889 25,969 114,207 13,083 4,229 32,299 20,078 150,957 100, 082 44,952 1, 135, 401 $7,052,666 294, 553 270, 138 139,416 130, 722 254,536 13,296 26,425 2,909,362 607,214 2,302,148 224,419 19,207 1,502,400 161,847 904,476 196,056 253,723 5,170,730 38,Cib4,187 1,322,597 1,570,372 1,534, 337, 44, 548, 465, 83, 29,403 1,054,461 777,215 222,941 218, 517 4,424 4,416,392 114, 806 1,427,918 258,265 45,680 2,387,621 3,846,987 52,496 1,636,178 499,945 433,194 85,889 347,305 342,370 227,343 76,390 392,660 517,741 23,929 75, 499 447,339 499,512 115,917 105, 294 102, 891 1,031,701 $10,000 927 2,326 487 1,839 6,500 125 500 7,271 7,271 309 73,564 997 5,412 1,245 33,872 40,900 22,222 812 876 853 430 430 10,648 35 35 111,132 926 16, 107 190,954 161,211 95,696 46,905 150 150 320 1,845 1,059 2,070 2,044 50 351 2,573 $12,490 16,483 1,316 995 4,118 6,788 16,584 6,600 10,984 21,782 5,748 80,268 7,751 21,653 3,525 10,347 15,000 64,548 5,969 8,174 5,310 32,361 5,190 14,330 11,820 2,510 1,472 6,967 2,828 1,568 1,568 6,234 3,960 40,678 9,553 3,138 19,559 100,921 3,080 22,946 29,078 38,513 10,963 27,550 30, 197 1,027 4,364 8,180 5,913 1,923 36,972 26,652 612 7,078 22,807 57,950 $155, 455 3,763 4,067 1,530 5,^92 135 399 100,623 26,364 74, 259 1,916 567 37,234 12,032 108,749 23,015 5,524 743,629 1,405,181 57,775 54,613 27,727 29,713 3,763 1,525 11, 787 9,946 1,841 840 77,596 22,467 7,273,583 7,260,348 13,235 6,298,612 49,450 36,774 6,605 2,697 ffi,455 127,443 5,863 45,667 22,635 5,091 1,186 3,905 12,620 7,927 1,586 4,616 19,246 1,086 1,806 17,726 10,204 18,382 10, 492 3 613- 8 Same number reported throughout tFe yeai $5,369,552 417,938 605,509 586, 828 18, 681 37, 381 8,026 32,116 3,834,308 890,524 2,943,784 568,985 46,523 4,969,276 984,671 290,975 1,321,632 239, 172 41,379,764 129,835,882 2,478,573 3,519,885 1,876,960 5,940,555 396,866 120,472 1,398,734 1,273,825 124,909 106,881 8,401,167 351,919 1,897,475 1,885,522 11,953 8,291,702 1,040,307 1,248,111 320,087 349,771 4,294,746 11,211,474 613,776 1,925,119 1,965,363 989,311 197,343 791,968 837,527 292,057 158, 929 170, 214 1,590,224 105, 440 109, 166 1,062,572 470,138 3,605,322 1,877,541 211,4^1 'im $1,676,125 10,010 65,967 38,420 27, 547 23,438 139 532 328,488 36,910 291,578 5,476 , 873 63,249 10, 859 684,934 32,402 19,358,760 9,840,609 123, 151 186,493 211,654 6,608 1,694 25,037 20,299 4,738 1,414 105,086 354,063 90,736 89,905 831 898, 780 12,382 34,270 10,735 6,376 52,066 190,423 26, 193 123,998 32,183 16,610 2,805 12,806 22,626 59,464 3,666 13,040 43,943 2,087 3,252 15,221 22,569 36,709 10, 915 4.7; $19,191,342 978,688 1,215,913 965, 742 250, 171 488,361 45,614 111,798 9,069,625 1,924,972 7,144,653 1,040,277 91,095 8, 654, 103 1,430,265 3, 134, 302 2,763,537 .867,742 72,969,368 205j023,391 4,651,422 6,752,467 3,365,043 9,367,581 1,265,096 250,206 2,681,177 2,327,540 353,637 169,420 11,627,916 2,334,349 10,683,552 10,644,683 38,969 31,990,274 1,800,050 4, 179, 127 913, 128 703,448 9,043,930 18,892,080 771,056 5,263,992 3,426,908 1,917,919 410,668 1,507,251 2,003,699 779, 556 361,352 896,184 2,931,383 198,911 239, 497 1,972,309 1,332,880 3,967,939 2,675,950 617, 07r $12,146,665 550,740 544,437 340,494 203,943 427, 542 37,449 79, 150 4,906,829 997,538 3,909,291 .465,816 43,699 3,621,578 434,735 2,258,393 1,409,603 620,571 12,230,844 65,346,900 2,049,698 2,816,031 1 3; 215; 861, 128, 1,257, 1,033, 223, 62,125 3,121,663 1,628,367 8,695,341 8,669,166 26,185 22,799,792 747,361 2,896,746 582,306 347,301 4,697,118 7,490,163 131,087 3,214,875 1,429,362 912,998 210,620 702,478 1,143,546 428,034 198, 767 712, 930 1,297,217 91,384 127,080 904,516 840, 173 315,908 787,494 ^400,884 ■pi5,465 34, 871 360 2,010 1,409 601 1,866 26 8,687 2,026 6,661 58 13 2,740 27,978 1,913 436 232,179 642,958 6,167 7,440 7,387 3,193 348 63 1,564 1,244 320 60 4,450 7,374 2,809 2,710 38,048 447 1,829 836 134 29,964 26,187 1,035 10,363 2,228 409 48 361 1,059 3,967 246 1,036 1,951 118 191 1,014 1,603 495 102 7,709 28, 502 1,354 794 560 4,116 1,115 3,001 1,670 700 26,366 1,553 128 196,256 601, 164 2,800 5,000 3,178 370 335 35 3,942 4,707 2,747 2,678 245 715 305 25 27,114 14,300 606 5,410 1,000 85 85 316 3,272 120 146 470 34 66 820 910 354 4,382 178 41 175 10 598 200 72 969 360 211 32,725 14,296 756 1,806 20 15 15 28 480 260 230 504 29 12 17 642 260 109 1,008 6,288 2,230 469 344 60 71 414 210 23 72 88 400 67 150 1 130 150 50 812 * Same number reported for one or more other months. 1,987 182 586 586 16 3,963 711 3,252 58 13 974 123 653 97 3,048 27,497 3,621 2,834 2,367 333 35 714 669 66 31 363 2,163 13 936 143 728 280 1,712 5,449 430 2,713 759 247 21 226 391 635 55 427 1,271 61 64 614 74 102 2,606 25,318 10 1,491 466 1,025 1,034 426 861 1,000 38,872 186,067 607 1,906 5,021 7,302 2,072 6,432 976 10 726 2,461 1,935 16 70 70 14 150 35 52 40 68 428 1,194 1204 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 65.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS S INDUSTET AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. FEBSON3 ENaAGED IN THE mOTTSTBY. WAGE EAKNEBS DEC. 16, OR NEAB- EST BEFBESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perln- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Tinder ie. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age Dum- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Paper and wood pulp Papergoods^ not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Petroleum, refining Photographic apparatus Photographic materials Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces.. Preserves Pickles and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pottery China ware Earthen and stone ware All other Poultry, killing and dressing Printing and publishing, hook and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing. . . Book pubUshlng without print- ing. Linotype work, typesetting, etc. Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing and publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pumps, not including power pumps. Pumps, steam and other power Refrigerators Regaha and society badges and em- blems. Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Saddlery and harness. Sates and vaults Salt Saws.. Screws, machine Sewing machines and attachments... Shipbuilding, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat bulldmg. New vessels Repair work Small boats Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties . Electric,signs Signs, otner than electric . . . Ad vertising no velties Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Sporting and athletic goods Springs, steel, car and carriage Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stamped ware Enameled ware and bath tubs . . . Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Radiators and cast-iron heating boilers. All other Steam packing 48 23 198 66 28 7 4 4 26 39 17 22 43 45 45 9 5 772 715 12 ?0 15 12 901 89 607 205 7 17 154 10 11 50 10 21 19 162 8 9 7 35 20 15 5,865 1,729 1,631 2,251 2,626 28 58 588 1,025 493 532 2,439 11,844 8,733 2,939 172 57 10,365 9,565 450 212 138 159 12,359 4,856 6,773 730 34 1,212 794 117 1,128 874 29,212 1,854 2,081 909 196 186 1,634 2,104 2,739 307 155 72 80 2,360 349 1,719 174 778 767 4,321 112 600 913 3,186 648 2,538 894 107 3,000 770 2,230J 1 19 162 44 25 18 23 10 13 16 41 7 20 14 2 697 5 13 16 11 715 39 561 115 5 11 1 5 4 166 1 29 1 19 22 5 29 6 12 11 158 166 35 133 117 21 35 2 8 52 47 18 29 101 297 200 91 6 4 564 506 20 10 21 700 173 414 113 4 41 65 21 85 12 . 42 31 179 9 17 23 97 44 53 30 5 94 29 185 138 452 82 259 1,026 3 76 42 34 206 141 119 579 16 2,252 1,229 220 1 126 87 17 126 76 5,433 165 196 47 24 11 115 66 6 3 2 1 132 13 97 11 39 47 418 6 27 56 155 39 116 100 4 365 "58 244 21 SO 16 10 74 150 101 48 1 1 428 367 18 35 31 1,418 647 593 178 3 22 22 6 49 41 1,595 41 63 17 8 7 49 39 18 3 74 8 136 11 43 82 17 15 76 16 60 49 5 118 33 II 5,430 1,479 640 1,957 133 1,519 13 40 411 853 407 446 2,042 11,096 8,284 2,661 151 46 7,978 7,450 391 99 50 7,274 2,768 4,402 104 21 1,014 643 81 923 715 21,705 1,403 1,760 813 139 149 1,464 1,925 2,623 256 135 66 55 2,067 302 1,372 134 642 596 3,480 531 819 2,853 546 2,307 708 81 2,414 628 Mh3 5,534 Mh 1,518 Mh 718 Se 2,549 Oo 149 Oc Fe3 Au Ses Se Oc 1,592 15 44 419 1,354 520 903 Au 2,169 Mh 11,390 Mh 8,415 Mh 2,824 Ap 158 De 105 Ja 8, 182 Ja 7,652 No 403 Fe 51 101 55 Ap3 Ap De 7,377 Fe 2,814 Ap 4,464 De 110 Oc3 23 Fe 1,155 Je 685 Ap 100 Ap 1,004 Se 800 My 25, 439 De 1,548 Fe 1,882 Oo 860 Oc 144 Fe 169 Ap 1,639 Mh 2,321 Mh 3,336 Se 298 Fe Au Fe 1^ Apa No De De Fe 583 De 1,005 Mh 3,214 147 86 92 2,289 336 1,431 146 680 624 4,156 Mh Mh Ja De Se 618 2,596 755 92 2,620 774 De No Jy De Au 5,104 1,420 572 1,189 117 Au 1,458 Se 10 Jas Ja Ap Ap Ja 394 662 313 296 My 1,920 Jy 10,482 Jy 8,038 Jy 2,294 My 3 146 Mh 26 Se 7,863 Se 7,340 Au 381 Jy 26 Ja De Jy 7,126 Jy 2,681 Je 4,338 Au FeS Oc De Au Au 19 905 571 53 856 De 586 Ja 19,479 Au 1,306 Au 1,650 Jy 772 Ja 8 136 Au ' 137 Oo Au No Mh De Mh Ja 1,248 1,467 1,828 230 125 47 25 No n, 899 No De No 270 1,308 120 583 576 3,310 77 478 705 2,393 4?9 1,905 31 2,290 506 1,725 14 5,226 1,443 691 1,946 139 1,505 13 43 416 777 374 403 2,093 11,193 8,303 2,739 151 19 8 7,949 7,416" 395 40 45 7,409 2,820 4,479 110 21 976 571 84 875 632 21,903 1,554 1,720 777 142 139 1,547 1,867 2,448 248 125 66 57 1,963 274 1,380 135 618 627 3,806 99 512 1,005 2,704 484 2,220 2,375 654 1,721 4l 4,584 808 399 1,932 63 3 42 405 363 147 216 1,816 8,158 5,781 2,258 119 5,873 5,503 251 28 91 41 2,535 3,360 94 21 976 669 84 327 60S 19,451 1,395 1,719 704 141 139 1,436 1,799 2,446 24S 125 66 57 151 268 871 102 459 310 3,715 99 1,005 2,146 457 466 84 2,367 653 1,714 13 612 635 76 22 2 1 11 413 227 186 28 2,968 2,461 476 31 2,036 1,876 141 12 7 4 1,278 261 1,003 14 544 25 2,423 134 108 59 1,772 504 32 159 313 204 550 24 526 225 14 1 ..... 234 140 24 114 33 1 Owned power only. 'Includes rented power, other than electric. t22,973,752 4,207,854 3,027,744 7,395,265 413,142 10,426,715 6,351 74,370 471,758 2,626,220 1,051,743 1,574,477 5,013,327 13,872,886 9,315,312 4,438,199 119,375 104,410 15,445,512 13,960,459 700,715 593,662 190,676 243,527 20,682,947 9,il2,381 10,697,732 872,834 68,059 2, 734; 230 2,291,211 227,020 1,991,763 3,632,886 100,742,327 4,138,397 4,948,552 2,903,990 350,259 415,927 3,759,909 9,266,707 12., 410, 669 459,777 228,822 111,279 119,676 1,701,797 523, 134 3,178,843 104; 929 1,640,851 1,433,063 14,643,736 435,876 714,612 1,919,021 6,629,146 1,375,745 5,253,401 2,264,768 180,511 7,451,386 2,003,903 5,447,483 23,020 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1205 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent ol factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines." In- temal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors." Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $501,616 117,729 233,480 197, 633 33,390 192,318 3,280 11,971 96,744 93, 120 25,836 67,284 239,399 636,771 384,858 140,833 11,080 5,640 1,238,425 1,106,547 52,556 67,016 12,306 46,115 1,544,101 640,823 690,844 212,434 8,521 70,945 85, 752 13,048 84,534 97,761 1,687,441 140,550 138,328 88,248 25,988 15,480 128,330 101,027 148,588 20,795 10,800 3,045 6,950 165,905 30,962 166, 589 14,383 84,342 67,864 369,046 23,470 44,350 61,574 282,676 94,144 188,532 82,658 8,920 314, 196 73,092 241,104 4,000 t279,582 192,366 466, 458 95,261 137,961 922,785 3,280 12,375 86,334 120, 120 73,482 46,638 470,702 444,523 255,319 188,004 1,200 2,232 888, 9Q7 763, 109 31,094 7,824 61,650 2,904,509 1,641,108 973,975 289,428 2,659 162,063 20,691 170,082 106,539 4,814,937 164,521 395,691 61,317 27,843 14,607 124,664 156,493 72,970 6,089 5,340 209 540 124,881 16, 152 167, 828 12,722 72,490 82,616 455,250 8,297 38,224 81,393 212,655 50,303 162,352 143,261 4,208 545,892 129,844 416,048 2,530 $3,377,778 786,170 294,184 1, 169, 371 46,113 1,024,535 7,106 20,870 395, 683 369,484 158, 678 210,806 1,297,199 6,689,440 5, 107, 827 1,502,770 78, 843 25,978 5,097,537 4,741,364 238, 527 21, 456 96, 190 34,327 5,632,571 2,490,034 3,065,710 76, 827 15, 769 638,530 378,048 54,236 453,731 428,591 14,578,251 764,811 1,153,082 440,905 106,337 97,163 941,952 1,260,711 1,791,649 146, 916 75,820 31,774 39,322 735, 232 178, 272 734,014 73,983 369,312 290,719 1,381,400 85,823 253,999 627,952 1,668,737 347,689 1,321,048 394,192 55,089 1,546,050 446,739 1,099,311 11,603 $9,061 103 1,895 3,316 683 40,889 14,981 1,677 562 1,115 1,029 27,339 25, 891 1,248 200 613,710 132,228 12,245 368,557 86,275 936,212 7,013 37, 694 22,439 ""i,"646' 1,592 3,875 1,065 26, 721 2,679 2,497 2,450 47 38,115 1,600 9,185 430 7,520 1,235 8,067 500 160 150 1,026 6,776 100 5,675 $12,761 15,054 67,123 37,927 12,969 1,224 3,520 27,920 9,066 6,474 2,692 28,323 2,826 1,360 1,089 377 720 438,906 403, 897 19, 797 9,314 5,898 8,474 312,971 103,075 176,371 33, 525 4,920 8,401 6,299 1,362 11,940 3,480 14,245 39,980 5,360 5,000 2,191 7,730 1,912 1,800 730 2,990 • 220 2,770 52,863 6,510 26,949 7,465 10,186 9,308 45,721 1,501 5,564 4,431 20,708 20,308 400 4,620 2,670 27,087 14,270 12,817 720 $161,096 488,728 26, 338 45,184 12,948 148, 620 26 835 2,921 14,783 8,326 6,457 30,838 99,337 64,038 34,461 131,862 120,603 5,158 5,172 929 1,424 193,015 96)067 88,347 8,611 407 25,111 7,376 2,000 21,791 29,020 923,546 33,895 28,604 18,268 3,956 2,692 33,348 43,888 88,626 3,003 1,469 946 689 7,681 4,499 22,723 812 11,973 9,938 122,072 4,002 4,842 14,663 51,485 12,378 39, 107 20,771 1,107 65,586 13,129 $14,828,690 2,262,488 2,229,920 463, 874 204,366 9,424,188 3,231 39, 391 157,728 2,741,135 869,976 1,871,160 2,042,989 3,785,353 3,031,627 723, 492 30,334 438,937 6,703,096 6,254,564 405, 290 31,195 12,047 71,431 7,641,397 4,483,418 2,899,469 158,520 39, 316 1,384,626 555,378 136, 778 1,053,221 2,247,345 57,837,001 3,046,^68 1,434,290 909,080 1,372,023 77,635 1,307,623 2,549,773 1,571,269 193,493 138, 215 17,691 37,687 1,747,403 270,460 1,718,301 87,916 846,149 784,236 67,998,310 236,746 423, 899 1,401,459 2,781,764 783,574 1,998,190 881,334 34, 187 2,195,623 590,073 $1,280,584 43,683 43, 180 259,371 1,569 500,267 26 1,731 12,703 31,271 12, 311 18,960 104,143 1, 182, 449 803,138 363, 863 15, 448 1,486 208, 113 189,767 14, 971 609 2,768 12 231,169 91,540 137, 593 2,036 1,297 19,394 20,039 1,818 9,503 • 71,752 900,475 21,178 48,688 296,128 12,107 8,744 60,666 57,624 140,066 3,762 1,931 509 1,322 16,678 9,323 25,554 1,979 14,945 74,319 8,285 149,040 260,246 16,661 .244,686 24,780 2,067 108,980 38,564 $23,284,192 5,336,606 6,611,885 3,507,253 11,169,189 22, 701 113, 887 974,274 "4,221,691 1,666,321 2,656,370 5,129,257 15,291,685 11,313,206 3,815,035 163, 444 498, 427 19,915,250 17,640,640 1, 210, 162 875,408 189, 050 484,344 28,023,290 14,849,969 10,934,197 2,439,134 101, 997 3,277,182 1,355,471 276,168 2,326,639 3,905,812 109,658,605 4,869,957 4:337,430 2,197,204 1,713,983 274,834 3,275,186 4,508,758 4,291,645 425,142 244,723 70,975 109,444 3,558,361 619,465 3,551,045 299,764 1,682,203 1,669,088 64,960,396 578,086 986,496 2,773,666 6,760,998 1,548,963 6,212,035 2,174,426 135,864 6,314,783 1,487,232 $7,174,918 3,030,335 3,338,785 2,784,008 624,958 1,244,744 19, 445 72,765 1,~49,286 684,036 765,260 2,982,126 10, 323, 883 7, 478, 641 2, 727, 880 117, 662 68,004 13,004,041 11,196,309 789, 891 843,604 174,237 412,901 20,260,724 10,075,001 7, 897, 145 2,278,678 61, 384 1, 873, 162 780,064 137,672 1,263,915 1,588,716 50,921,129 1,802,311 2,854,552 992,998 329,863 188,456 1,906,898 1,901,461 2,680,320 227.887 104, 677 52,776 70,636 1,794,280 339,682 1,807,190 209,859 721, 109 878,222 6,663,426 267,020 564,312 1,223,167 3,718,988 749, 728 2,989,260 1,268,311 99,600 4,010,180 858,595 ^§mW"''- 18,410 ■ Same number reported for one or more other months. 50,013 3,035 1,449 23,885 114 4,920 61 366 2,100 821 1,279 4,032 9,271 5,087 3,804 380 45 8,964 8,402 514 12 36 12,720 5,625 6,929 166 24 1,403 1,229 266 274 2,076 68,672 1,106 6,603 4,937 681 624 2,885 2,943 8,748 913 307 303 303 1,064 711 1,800 111 932 767 12,356 697 411 1,567 3,571 1,150 2,421 1,118 3,979 712 3,267 72 43,609 1,865 829 18,842 1,937 767 1,170 2,496 7,390 3,806 1,849 1,814 36 2,636 1,316 1,221 786 1,120 130 60 1,773 49,951 567 4,120 4,248 403 400 800. 7,242 728 240 260 228 650 380 470 516 9,139 640 164 390 1,580 425 1,156 670 2,310 176 2,135 490 57 50 50 25 61 66 17 49 390 975 678 223 74' 975 837 138 1,908 270 1,823 15 430 61 136 185 100 1,152 149 230 305 63 224 290 236 90 43 47 47 100 218 10 74 134 618 4 189 331 1,135 504 631 140 55 794 73 721 72 3,900 50 2,014 1,113 570 4,348 34 38 315 97 37 60 1,147 906 604 299 3 45 6,139 5,750 341 12 8,233 4,034 4,048 151 16 188 48 29 203 7,589 390 1,263 384 225 300 2,195 1,908 1,506 95 67 467 261 596 101 63 78 846 856 221 635 14 875 464 411 7,449 997 403 528 70 11 395 I3r 33: 158 797 640 267 2,230 2,230 727 971 234 1,130 - 6 188 1,380 41,295 2,738 1,418 126 60 6,261 13 46 3,300' 783 22 8 832 5 827 724 105 1,336 440 896 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 60 61 52 63 54 65 56 57 58 69 61 64 L65 1206 MAJSTUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 56 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS ■" INDU3TET AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEEaONS ENQAQED IN THE DtDDSTEY. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 16, OE NEAE- EST EEPEESENTAOIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prio- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man;^ agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 10 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximuif. month. Minimum, month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves. Staves and ranges Hot-air furnaces and fireless cookers. Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sugar, beet Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed adds . . . Surgical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic- woven goods. Tin plate and temeplate Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff. Tobacco, cigars , Tools, not elsewhere specified Shovels, spades, scoops, car- penters' tools, etc. Machinists' tools All other Toys and games Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes. Varnishes Vault lights and ventilators. . Vmegar and cider Vinegar Cider... Wall paper, not made in paper mills . . Wall plaster Washmg machines and clothes wringers. Wmdow and door screens and weather strips. Window and door screens Weatherstrips Wirework, including wire rope and Wire rope and cable, and woven- wire fencing. Another Wood preser^Tug Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wool shoddy All other industries *. 16 16 79 69 368 5,730 15 12 33 4 14 199 4 25 307 4 11 150 42 306 5,041 38 41 4,574 1,166 15 18 127 72 240 67 104 46 4,088 953 26 93 4,056 8,012 8 m 115 264 321 809 78 239 3,534 6,657 3 4 16 350 259 190 "is 9 11 11 54 24 9 5 2 15 282 222 140 U 364 8 13 24 20 299 7 17 24 1,030 2,578 1,587 ""g 19 19 44 32 48 210 219 10 55 «o 953 2,260 1,257 937 13,568 1,013 192 254 84 12,025 62 10 2,716 462 58 1 106 25 230 29 95 10 2,227 397 12 40 36 21 1,725 529 1,229 354 9 48 28 17 46 35 34 24 163 38 38 12 57 28 26 14 1,450 380 1,103 287 13 30 3 18 4 14 3 22 11 363 797 16 48 22 26 152 753 230 18 12 2 18 4 14 ...... 2 12 91 1 2 1 1 11 42 19 43 205 3 23 79 1 2 2 267 410 12 23 12 11 106 626 171 30 69 21 6 10 17 19 265 14 16 15 10 210 15 4 242 23 12 2 14 2 14 1 6 4 196 14 43 1,028 22 65 85 46 810 14 276 7 24 44 25 176 29 5 752 202 15 41 13 41 16 21 10 634 163 61 16 1,156 171 60 12 57 9 27 4 27 5 985 141 5 287 569 31,393 1 140 11 932 31 2,287 3 787 523 27,247 Se> Se Oc 43 319 5,332 Mh Oc 4,374 1,086 Je Je 3,988 7,254 Oc De Je« 979 339 143 Jy 328 Oc Se Se 1,054 2,414 1,359 Fe 12,581 ^y 2,402 434 Ja My Oc Ap 1,580 429 1.283 325 ^y Au Oc Oc Oc 297 454 15 53 18 35 Fe Se My 128 680 204 My 301 My Je» 286 16 Ap 889 My 219 ^y 677 198 Mh Ap 1,109 145 De 556 No» 41 Jy 290 Jy 4,376 Jy 3,503 Je 836 No 3,182 De 5,893 Mh Fe My Ja 48 172 135 255 De 689 De 2,010 Ja 1,137 Jy 11,760 De 1,913 Oc » 375 De 1,255 No 278 Ja 841 No 225 Ja No Ja» Mh3 Ja» Ja» Ja De Ja Ja Ja» 249 370 10 10 10 1 60 548 121 167 155 12 Des 756 De » 146 Oc Fe» De Se 119 863 136 492 43 311 5,091 4,016 1,075 3,232 339 143 274 1,026 2,010 1,224 12,162 2,034 363 1,285 386 1,063 230 268 371 12 43 12 31 109 565 122 193 179 14 759 147 612 121 1,023 148 41 310 5,068 4,014 1,054 3,201 6,815 874 338 80 33 900 1,386 593 3,807 1,884 353 1,176 355 757 205 95 340 12 43 12 31 94 562 119 187 173 14 671 147 \ 524 121 994 128 378 18 1 61 241 126 624 630 149 109 31 298 24 171 30 78 78 182 10 10 187,410 455,433 10,656,663 8,189,909 2,466,754 6,118,589 22,07:^020 4,393,089 2,214,623 156,638 448,651 3,201,598 12, 644, 722 6, 813, 802 8,200,257 6, 789, 137 960,190 4,910,201 928,746 1,690,705 562,426 679,884 4,443,920 12,926 67,274 45,909 21,365 331,152 2,687,681 450,167 269,166 230,205 38,961 1,706,469 579,370 1,127,099 783,812 1,842,654 194,265 1,285,417 92,707,970 ■"AU other irdustries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts 1 Ammunition 3 Artificial flowers 1 Artists' materials 1 Asbestos products, not including steam packing 1 Babbitt metal and solder 5 Bags, other than paper 9 BeSs 2 Beltingand hose, woven 4 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 5 Boot and shoe findings 6 Butter, reworking 2 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 9 Clocks 2 Clothing, horse 2 Collars and cuffs, men's 2 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 1 Cordage and twbie 5 Cotton goods 3 Cotton lace 1 Cotton, small wares 2 Dental goods 6 Emery and other abrasive wheels. . . 4 Felt goods 2 Firearms 1 Fire extinguishers, chemical 1 Fireworks 2 Galvanizing 6 Gloves and mittens, leather 6 Glucose and starch 2 Glue, not elsewhere specified 5 Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore 2 Hardware, saddlery 4 Hats, straw 3 Ink, writing 2 Iron and steel, doors and shutters. . . 4 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails . . 4 Japanning 2 I Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1207 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- glnes.> In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.> Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $4,600 36,332 3«9,166 267,083 122,083 259,354 433,645 31,897 31,656 17,452 21,956 154,622 119,903 416,067 252,745 46,850 119,362 86,533 56,330 49,449 26,1^ 293,442 60 1,600 1,100 500 30,837 73,662 12,678 23,188 2,260 126,008 40,076 85,932 112,186 10,250 34,700 2,422,725 $4,635 31,036 404,325 305,614 98,711 480,622 1,187,559 61,845 31,301 31,941 37,576 30,686 234,926 376,901 424,891 328, 585 36,198 240,457 51,930 64,206 24,285 76,882 347,254 520 2,810 2,810 28,301 94,518 30,824 16,295 14,711 1,584 90,727 34,363 56,364 21,202 35,455 5,746 25,140 3,220,765 $28,888 237,867 3,484,887 2,848,006 636,881 2,265,949 4,678,237 209,395 161,340 76,045 104,453 658,563 1,244,967 553,098 4,798,776 1,330,250 233,615 849,132 247,503 520,163 172,267 100,803 263,120 7,125 11,891 7^919 3,972 370,077 90,721 153,801 145,063 8,738 455,950 123,248 332,702 119,191 £20,103 68,077 255,035 15,908,266 $580 5,294 1,500 1,500 5,936 131,854 5,972 is 11,408 7,020 7,020 579 500 2,119 5,353 400 400 6,846 250 250 40 40 8,161 50 48,987 $6,880 19, 131 38,463 19,750 18,713 145,996 32,334 6,700 19, 141 33,779 159,405 11,788 1,041 1,980 8,764 12,479 14,394 16,410 10,793 50 1,249 1,044 205 1,200 28,478 9,172 8,558 7,490 1,068 15,984 5,380 10,604 2,630 6,757 2,209 160 197,264 $391 1,876 94,242 67,723 26,519 58,354 150,398 19,296 10,841 4,060 2,419 22,439 46,992 3,281,047 2,100,894 60,248 44,734 6,585 11,871 4,753 3,705 37,600 98 372 246 126 2,267 13,714 3,266 1,848 1,547 301 18,408 5,360 13,048 6,377 17,613 831 14, 176 777,534 $25,062 203,170 3,360,208 2,354,199 1,006,009 4,826,911 12,360,572 352,543 132,078 582,177 9,386,144 4,834,686 4,747,004 7,089,009 1,429,412 482,080 595,799 351,533 779, 120 293,549 475,818 2,401,943 9,571 56,796 47,520 9,276 251,228 645,546 345,144 203,048 195,764 7,284 2,138,042 1,302,698 835,344 574,920 1,269,721 115,887 778,783 54,900,193 $962 19,586 142,491 119,666 22,825 85,587 243,732 67,043 49,892 1,603 3,655 56,599 44,425 41,250 39,509 94,244 27,267 39,013 27,964 19,919 4,407 4,103 28,671 261 1,072 386 686 7,652 124,443 2,612 6,015 5,484 531 29,103 4,811 24,292 16,526 4,350 40,879 1,036,420 $108,661 747,335 9,990,696 7,261,140 2,729,556 22,615,795 2,051,307 862,284 423,379 938,702 10,826,098 7,595,606 11,228,328 17, 238, 751 5,187,996 973,006 3,200,179 1,014,811 1,908,700 678,355 836,003 4,502,503 25,395 98,677 74,889 23,788 450,387 1,713,618 712,851 560,884 517,867 43,017 3,434,551 1,802,413 1,632,138 937,326 2,284,105 253,999 1,353,121 100,593,500 $82,637 524,579 6,487,997 4,787,275 1,700,722 5, 078^405 10,011,491 1,174,270 459,849 352,870 1,383,355 2,716,495 6,440,074 10,110,233 3,664,340 463,659 2,565,367 635,314 1,109,661 380,399 356,082 2,071,889 15,563 40,809 26,983 13,826 191,507 943,629 365,095 351,821 316,619 35,202 1,267,406 494,904 772,502 352, 798 997,858 133, 762 533,459 44,656,887 53 952 7,172 5,483 1,689 3,476 16,155 3,520 2,042 153 1,330 2,222 1,462 581 5,364 1,186 3,321 857 941 271 184 1,012 40 330 58 272 221 3,617 416 512 460 52 1,281 146 1,135 446 4,250 415 1,410 65,189 3,819 2,938 881 1,970 8,007 3,445 1,020 20 607 1,175 60S 70 2,839 381 2,400 58 455 175 570 253 27 226 180 2,140 200 260 260 240 240 3,682 265 1,190 44,353 5 35 2,109 1,519 590 75 240 333 287 10 75 923 443 73 407 255 4 138 25 40 4S 14 31 355 204 149 132 17 188 410 73 3,272 51 240 48 917 1,244 1,026 218 1,268 6,104 782 45 133 390 760 847 436 1,602 362 848 392 231 92 46 417 11 1,122 12 103 68 35 755 48 707 186 158 77 17,324 2,285 605 1,523 9,846 726 120 395 825 10 1,343 194 1,141 8 250 63 276 29 600 5 142 20 185 115 60 80 15,648 Jewelry and instrument cases 2 Jutegoods 1 Lasts 3 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 2 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies '. 1 Hatches 4 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 10 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes — 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Oilcloth, enameled 3 Oleomargarine 2 Paper patterns 3 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 3 Pens, fountam and ^tylographic S Phonographs and graphophones 1 Plated ware 1 Pocketbooks 1 Pulp, from fiber other than wood 1 Pulp goods 2 Rules, ivory and wood 1 Sand-lime brick 1 Scales and balances 4 Screws, wood 1 Sewing-machine cases 1 Silk goods, including throwsters 1 Silversmithing and silverware 2 Soap 34 Soda-water apparatus 2 Typewriters and supplies 3 Upholstering materials 3 Waste 1 Watch and clock materiaJs 2 Watch cases 3 Watches 2 Wheelbarrows 4 Whips 2 Windmills 2 Window shades and fixtures 7 Wire S Woolpulllng 2 Woolen and worsted goods 12 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1208 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 65.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- fiients. PEESONS ENOAQED IN THE INDUaTBT. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 16, OB NEAS- EST KEPBE3ENTATITE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 23 AEB.OH'— All industries Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, terra-cotta and fire-clay products. Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products Foundries Machine shops Gas and electric fixtures Liquors, malt Ltunber and timber products Mineral and soda waters , Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compounds. . , Pottery, china, earthen and stone- ' ware. Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere spedfled Saddlery and harness Stoves and hot-air furnaces . Tobacco, cigars Another industries* 305 32,992 211 672 5,783 1,646 24,680 15 3 4 41 9 42 6 13 260 657 20 2 2 55 1 2 2 3 5 20 1 19 2 7 183 616 '"12 15 1 5 5 4 8 10 5 25 5 20 13 125 79 63 1,326 194 1,132 4 10 7 3 10 "'io' 9 100 58 63 1,182 . 182 1,000 6 4 6 60 8 52 6 8 "'56' 4 52 3 2 1 18 "'is' 3 3 13 5 6 26 224 445 21 54 2 9 6 2 16 30 '""2 4 21 30 3 1 3 9 ...... 17 184 367 9 45 6 6 11 464 7 1 4 432 14 13 4 37 18 1,000 24,231 25 1 36 341 108 4,980 31 1,441 800 17,468 4 4 5 71 • 8 407 12 3,505 4 ""e 27 4 362 6 2,753 10 26, 9 113 500 112 J6> 16 De 131 Au 76 Jy 70 Ap 1,337 Ap 207 Ap 1,130 Ap» Je Au Je Je De" Mh 19 227 404 12 55 7 469 Ja 879 Ap 21,033 (<) 4 Oo 406 (<) 6 Ja 22,831 Jaa Au Ja" Fe De» 7 1 5 169 572 De 46 Fe 36 De 1,026 Fe 162 De 840 Ja De Ja» Mh My" Jy Se 759 Ja 15,493 (*) 4 Je 282 n 6 14 167 290 24,501 W 3 6 189 626 17 134 65 63 ,032 186 846 17 169 332 9 48 8 417 793 17,578 4 400 6 2,565 21,667 30 3 6 145 626 2 130 38 53 1,011 186 825 16 167 323 9 48 4 356 565 15, 655 4 398 6 2,072 2,781 4 61 227 1,896 2 '469 47 $111,313,330 41,968 8,375 17,069 491,568 1,515,823 8,731 457.749 132,775 61,612 3,880,811 320,986 3,559,825 61,504 1,146,664 797,115 24,143 56,612 14,585 786,183 1,857,807 83, 182,054 10,701 1,155,112 5,485 15,598,884 * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Automobile bodies and parts.--. 1 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails... 1 Baking powders 1 Belting, leather 1 Bluing 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brooms Brushes ■. Butter : - Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- I)aiiies China decorating, not including that done in potteries Cleansing and polishing preparations. Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's j 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Cooperage 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies .' i. 3 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving and diesinking 1 Files 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere • specified 3 Fur goods 1 Furniture.. 1 Glass 1 Hand stamps ^ 2 Hardware 2 1 276 14,378 178 514 922 509 12,255 Oo 12,753 No 11,639 12,292 10,856 1,397 18 21 $37,986,125 Artificial 'stone products ? 4 25 5 12 9 3 29 6 8 4 4 15 6 3 7 5 16 127 22 193 52 85 57 28 1,471 4,253 64 21 34 98 349 258 61 306 63 7,053 3 28 5 10 8 2 17 5 2 2 19 15 72 3 18 4 11 8 3 83 44 11 4 9 10 17 10 5 19 7 259 1 13 1 4 1 3 68 302 6 1 6 2 73 27 4 27 "387' ""3' 2 3 2 1 47 108 3 1 2 3 72 15 5 11 1 233 15 131 40 57 38 19 1,256 3,799 39 13 15 64 187 206 42 249 40 6,102 Se No Je Au No Jy> Oo Oc Je" Aui Oc De Oc My Se De 24 135 44 66 44 27 1,335 4,142 i3 16 16 69 199 234 46 279 43 Fe Ja» Ja" Mh" Je Fe" De Fe Mh" De" Fe Ap Jy My No" De My 8 128 36 49 32 13 1,146 3,436 37 11 13 60 179 189 40 154 32 24 136 41 65 44 21 1,141 4,008 38 10 16 67 198 205 40 266 45 5,992 24 107 40 41 21 20 1,089 3,928 38 9 3 55 134 205 21 266 21 4,875 11,679 187,670 150,230 109,089 33,584 75,505 3,613,240 13,618,244 105,445 44,937 46,874 78,164 363,431 827,729 32,597 875,247 20,718 17,900,831 3 4 Bread and other bakery products — Carriages and wagons 28 1 24 23 1 - 52 80 J- 5 n 7 8 Foundry and machine-shop products Iron and steel, steel works and rolling nulls. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. » 10 13 12 60 1 1^ Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and puWishing, book and job Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Roofing materials, metal shingles, ceilings, etc. Signs and advertising novelties Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco cigars - . . . 13 14 15 2 2 16 17 17 2 It 23 1,087 "ii' 1 16 19 All other industries * *A11 other industries emhrace— Agricultural implements 4 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, andsails 1 Bells 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Boxes, wooden packmg 1 Brass and bronze products 4 Brick 1 Brooms 2 Butter 2 Canning and preserving, fniits and vegetables 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies -r-t-- 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 3 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cutlery and edge tools 3 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 J, Electroplating . r,.^-. 4 lEttri/'ji;,'S*!»)T!Di9eopper plate, in- ^ ' chmint; plate pi ilitihg 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products — 3 Furniture s Gas and electric fixtures 2 Hardware 2 Hardware saddlery 1 House furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Ice, manufactured '..'..'... 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters! ... 1 Iron and steel foreings, not made in steel works or rolling mills a 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1209 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and rio- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. (2, 153,953 1,500 3,120 2,818 14.341 38; 277 15,090,587 30» 13,250 4,420 6,732 121,774 8,000 113,774 1,950 76,990 67,293 3,240 27,699 104,510 1,329,011 18,760 '3i9,'268 121 21,427 24,743 7,200 6,476 1,075 80,617 2,660 78,057 5,814 23,334 29,363 1,800 620 ' 18,877 121,091 4,074,084 34,973 '638,' 772 $17,310,415 12,830 1,475 5,561 12.5,926 361,009 3,064 74,543 30,667 42,676 873,085 155,617 717,468 10,555 136, 184 245,432 7,840 38,556 809 251,481 534,203 12,296,090 3,261 263,785 3,186 S41,231 7,600 720 200 27,426 5,385 $83,928 1,068 276 520 16,016 1,383 . 360 3,048 4,721 3,680 7,449 7,449 3,942 4,410 360 1,100 480 15,878 2,580 1,290 720 442 14,206 $1,209,936 342 43 122 2,698 14,183 72 2,757 519 997 34,541 3,167 31,374 167 180,023 8,062 325 445 49 8,009 16,363 827,955 60 15,084 1,406 95,715 $64,789,216 15, 439 2,635 17, 214 423,905 120, 895 2,237 51,057 117,544 68,665 ,111,989 183, 711 928,278 40,025 276, 029 875,457 11,923 12,496 4,450 120,468 663, 882 48, 419, 409 6,737 218,968 2,933 12, 216, 859 $1,273,176 435 211 779 19,084 217,480 2,463 1,621 1,656 61, 418 9,628 41, 890 800 32,117 7,736 344 99 56,325 20,790 643,928 102 9,140 54 206,622 $122,291,600 44, 190 16,966 29,322 718,877 994,430 8, 373 193, 103 211, 100 132, 1C7 2,860,639 402, 136 2,458,503 92, 890 1,352,045 1,326,093 44, 138 71, 192 14,794 493,957 1,938,085 92, 547, 496 18,987 887,506 14, 166 18,282,146 $56,229,208 28,316 13, 089 11,329 275,888 656,055 139,593 91,935 71,886 1,697,232 208, 897 1,488,335 52,066 1,043,899 442, 900 31,871 67,700 10,245 317, 164 1,253,413 43, 484, 159 13,148 659,398 11, 178 5,860,665 66,942 61,722 3,286 95 10,839 39,610 1 37 1,740 24 280 2,070 2 194 69 27 2,808 233 2,675 14 1,732 1,280 20 65 ■10 896 1,027 43,886 3 900 6 465 16 .15 1,285 12 ,262 ' 75 1 31 28 • n 550 103 447 3 4 60 7 10 10 "■'is?' 26' "i,'399" 39 1,360 ""iss' 2' '""hi '32,'572' ""456' 2 3 12 18 10 1 88 31 10 1,203 55 1,148 11 263 245 9 55 ■"■"45" ■"'46' 4 5 1,985 6 7 75 8 q in 1,015 75 940 11 12 13 14 1,476 975 4 15 16 17 IS 19 810 360 37, 178 86 131 242 fm 536 6,466 3 aoo^ 21 22 ?3 400 400 24 '5 8,868 6,984 465 65 1,364 4,741 26 Hardware, saddlery 1 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 IcBj manufactured 1 Ink,- printing 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Jewelry 1 i and spring beds 1 Monuments and tombstones 1 Musical Instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Optical goods 1 Paper and wood pulp, paper mills ex- - clusively 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Photo-engraving 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Steam pacldng 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Surgical appliances 1 Toys and games 2 Wirework 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 $1,109,004 $1,346,183 $8,549,945 $66,467 3,760 17,561 4,400 10,241 7,191 3,050 204,750 132,657 12, 135 5,100 9,113 12,946 64,605 21,817 5,600 43,217 4,175 «57,027 1,040 13,392 1,650 5,646 2,087 3,559 126,120 395,047 5,331 1,528 11,256 2,763 87,881 29,662 4,189 37,689 210 622,979 9,495 66,226 23,700 35, 141 22,126 13,015 822,718 3,245,446 27,924 7,480 39,796 153,372 120,749 23,947 154,547 16,544 3,796,162 38,763 2,742 508 160 126 24,163 $80, 105 925 2,658 180 2,924 2,684 240 12,692 210 120 968 5,734 4,833 1,200 2,956 560 984 43,261 $314,870 ~eo 1,134 650 691 323 368 29,181 65,210 691 307 682 326 4,144 5,649 101 6,112 9,202 191,731 $20,512,935 6,480 195, 114 20,520 62, 016 35,413 26,603 1, 289, 170 9,611,384 44,877 20,847 58,554 31,874 265,164 453,446 17,983 723, 721 27,124 7,684,661 $1,296,151 110 8,170 1,458 3,422 1,273 2,149 71,677 697, 585 1,792 464 224 1,844 5,606 5,994 11,898 195 684, 486 $43,713,446 $21,905,360 30,342 420, 716 74,240 179,648 87, 676 92, 072 5, 760, 113 16,887,269 111,981 45,458 169,716 123,309 652,406 722,839 70,616 1,038,804 64,622 17,361,367 23,762 217,432 52, 262 114, 210 50, 890 63,320 4, 399, 266 6,678,300 65,312 24,147 110, 938 89,591 381,636 263,399 52,407 303,185 37,303 9, 092, 220 43, 071 13 116 61 114 35 79 1,921 28,428 231 11 5 51 224 280 5 625 10,986 26, 081 380 17,225 65 110 115 7,186 3,701 2,766 80 58 14,231 113 45 49 20 29 1,463 8,447 5 51 224 170 5 425 3,139 4,702 223 2,397 250 1,826 Lamps and reflectors 2 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Liquors, malt 3 Uarbleand- stone work ^ . 2 Mattresses and spring ibeds 2 MiaeralS' and earths, ground, 1 Models and patterns, not including j>aper patterns 1 Uucilage and paste 1 Pfintsf. :. 2 Photo-engraving 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Pottery 1 Pumps, steam : 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Saddlery and harness.- 4 andvaults 1 l&--::D.ig.Ltized:.b.ym slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soap 1 Springs, steel, car and carriage 1 Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified ; 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 5 Stereotyping and electroplating 1 6tav»j!Mj fet--'' fefypiaces . ■. . j ; 2 fiiij^aukClSitH \BSkii mixed acids ... 1 Surgical appliances ." 2 Tin plate and temeplate 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 4 Toys and games : l Trunks and valises ».'.... 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Watch cases l Watches . . .' l Window.and door screens 1 Wirework 3 t Sapie number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. 1210 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 55.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHASITANTS Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENQAOED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAOE EABNEB3 DEC. 15, OB NEAB- E3T EEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver age num- ber. \ Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CXHCnraATI— All industries. Artificial limbs Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails. Bags, paper Belting, leather Blacldjig, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-bookteaking Boots and sfioes Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. . Bread and other bakery products... Brick, tile, pottery, andT other clay products. Brooms, from broom corn Carriage andwagonmaterials Carriages and wagons , Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Chemic^ Cleansing and polishing preparations Clothing, men's Regular factories Men's and youths' . Contract work Men's and youths' . Boys' Clothing, men's, buttonholes Clothing, women's Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. ^ui-uor, tin, and sheet-iron work Cutlery ana tools, not elsewhere speo- ifled. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engraving and diesmking Copper, Cutlery Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture and reirigerators Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Hand stamps Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured Instruments, professional and sci- entific. Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Liquors, malt Litnographing Looking-glass and picture frames . . . Lumber and timber products Lumber, planlng-mlll products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. 2,135 72,858 1,898 2,802 5,848 2,449 59,861 25 26 5 17 8 12 177 10 7 105 44 44 61 57 4 7 26 7 21 20 10 7 12 170 5 5 52 7 14 19 336 92 71 399 59 20 272 7,860 152 271 647 2,187 341 52 700 1,444 1,3.'?6 108 807 149 64 5,326 4,179 4,179 1,147 1,097 50 1,339 334 1,143 565 750 143 454 86 107 74 8,237 42 166 2,002 207 172 17 293 288 9 400 817 2,001 461 266 7 7 13 182 7 6 127 55 65 72 67 5 113 1 14 4 6 23 10 1 5 165 27 6 7 10 386 2 7 92 14 17 1 26 2 6 27 13 4 4 277 3 51 5 45 204 4 22 118 111 7 57 22 536 530 530 6 6 18 100 14 25 24 185 33 33 19 1 5 4 4 14 4 1 7 285 13 8 178 173 173 5 5 20 187 1 4 31 '^"'figijtim^cfyy' jWA:?/psD^' 32 7 228 7,129 139 753 244 556 1,669 287 624 1,137 1,056 81 747 81 20 4,402 3,342 3,342 1,060 1,015 45 58 1,137 227 909 ,508 533 101 55 57 70 43 43 60 6,901 131 1,713 168 158 239 230 4 755 1,727 383 219 547 Fe 62,782 Ap Oca My Oo 11 455 68 68 357 Ja 34 Ja» 7 Mh 244 Fe 7,878 Fe 154 Ja 774 Oc 266 Ja 623 Oc 1,733 Je 352 Ja» 37 Mh 770 Mh 1,379 Mh 1,296 Mh> 83 Fe 809 Mh Ap De 90 25 4,677 3,554 3,554 1,122 1,077 47 Ja» 61 An 1,259 Mh3 239 Oe 1,245 Mh 607 Fe Ap 583 111 Oc 343 Mh Ee3 Je Je ^^ Au 79 Ja 7,651 No Oc Ja Au 43 154 181 165 (') 8 Ja3 265 Jya « De Fe 316 4 297 Oc 57,139 No Oc Ja Ja' Ap 7 136 55 40 316 No' 30 Je3 7 Au 208 Ap 5,634 Se 128 Jy 728 Au 223 De 479 Ja 1,558 Fe 220 Jy» Oc Oc My De Fe 34 428 880 800 79 660 Au> 18 De 4,108 De 3,065 De 3,065 Ja 987 Ja 942 An 43 jy De Ja Jy De Se Jy Se Jy* Mh No 53 892 203 387 492 87 290 51 56 64 33 43 50 Se 5,360 Mh» 31 Ap 112 Jy 1,485 Je 156 De 5 152 8 186 Ja (<) Au De 157 4 281 655 Jv 1,901 ,Ta 1,621 Kfl 398 An 358 Ap 238 Ja ISS My 653 Oc 444 337 59, 872 11 440 66 45 331 30 ■—7 224 7,302 139 748 224 481 1,717 284 37 606 964 884 80 729 79 18 4,486 3,409 3,409 1,077 1,030 47 53 1,054 1,065 447 504 322 57 60 71 44 43 67 6,878 113 1,541 175 152 8 250 219 4 297 782 211 S64 375 44,999 10 440 66 24 163 30 7 114 4,358 72 212 221 473 1,292 250 37 679 927 847 80 724 79 12 1,652 1,415 1,415 237 223 14 351 112 442 445 500 79 293 55 46 58 26 40 56 6,829 16 15 1,457 152 79 218 4 251 782 341 202 554 375 14,512 21 162 105 2,856 67 531 8 423 34 6 2,791 1,989 1,989 802 44 700 115 603 169 1 40 m 62 133 »157,408,156 8,348 605,363 77,092 152,453 629,583 305,446 19,359 169,770 9,002,697 154,014 642,635 396,521 1,470,344 4,062,950 643,480 19,515 1,590,406 3,122,376 3,010,646 111,730 593,733 560,327 82,966 7,571,834 7,488,221 7,488,221 83,613 81,833 1,780 9,035 1,239,585 1,070,009 1,159,030 1,057,503 1,804,502 294,555 991,327 32,404 37,025 35,135 229,908 543,655 196,803 20,230,522 59,740 93,995 3,155,6.31 206,050 215,189 10,842 233,037 1,954,421 6,360 467,814 8,210,193 15,321,596 1,202,104 624,538 1,135,16? 953,258 ' Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1211 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric ! horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tlon en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF SO.OOO INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 16,927,139 900 30,520 4,900 10,770 61,991 18,080 2,600" 8,740 446,892 3,800 62,188 15,863 55,260 122, 722 38,859 60,691 166,452 156,792 9.660 3,744 34,306 26,740 284.275 279,439 279,439 4,836 4,836 S8, 324, 937 625 29,109 2,572 9,008 38,832 13,751 8,060 11,664 639,906 2,432 33,054 7,238 59,339 247,360 23,275 2,946 34,244 143,985 142,425 1,560 69,791 39,829 18,280 820-,418 807, 781 807,781 12,637 12,637 780 79,121 58,500 86,252 50,149 126,109 54,126 64,930 7,370 1,100 5,460 15,266 955,256 4,000 18,190 177,204 28,144 6,152 3,516 23,080 41,736 1,404 40,648 63,983 348,728 61,120 24,618 36,465 88,653 163,241 99,807 133,006 8,046 24,387 95,748 4,328 480 5,793 26,409 16,895 6,365 809,424 260 24,667 106,290 13,724 2,824 2,000 18,902 25,303 28,789 27,875 306,464 68,712 43,438 28,571 49,174 $33,159,083 5,837 220,838 41,205 25,738 148,909 24,079 5,824 118,165 3,634,968 62,150 263,343 133,029 346, 143 924,539 171,376 22,065 402,180 800,793 747,142 53,651 563,855 50,707 7,818 2,292,709 1,900,904 1,900,904 391,805 373,140 18,665 21,289 616, 107 106,981 344,53^ 298,455 358,856 95,196 191,438 39,089 30,720 44,279 21,925 34,855 32,069 4,411,238 24,058 55.888 1,006,707 95,254 103,922 3,885 121,351 154,654 3,443 192,547 474,350 1,549,082 294,967 146,318 322,503 291,720 $1,859,195 $1,996,053 $8,026,537 ,$111,908,350 689 553 968 820 3,925 60 1,340 660 9,565 9,542 23 1,048,012 1,035,875 1,035,875 12,137 12,137 200 2,189 75 "4," 66?' 272 85 39,761 14,188 1,248 500 6,153 '4,' 457' 2,134 3,000 6,450 4,379 28,820 2,921 1,152 18,423 95,472 8,570 30,258 7,215 6,521 79, 167 2,789 2,008 28,796 S9,732 51,700 8,032 6,481 5,154 202, 156 191, 934 191,934 10,222 9,544 678 720 52,078 17,861 44,271 8,305 18,295 3,016 16,080 4,151 3,906 3,240 4,645 6,136 3,935 156,224 5,160 4,602 60,504 4,660 1,3 1,840 14,348 4,170 680 19,776 - 5,750 2,733 12,279 4,941 8,112 8,903 5,702 783 792 4,798 2,168 72 1,524 61,280 3,514 4„408 9,778 33,173 5,171 194 10,248 22,079 20,546 1,533 1,890 5,822 900 25,404 24,164 24,164 1,240 1,203 37 353 3,614 6,444 8,767 10,877 12,058 1,624 6,283 108 64 781 4,031 1,289 148,926 184 750 26,819 1,026 1,199 18,837 75 1,861 40,998 1,853,447 8,375 3,898 13,824 7,408 595,433 32,052 125,643 744,243 187,814 44,972 97,929 7,655,583 102,509 476,273 367,685 486,695 3,596,418 50, 111 66,465 909,364 2,171,657 2,127,678 43,979 307,663 331,603 71,807 6,487,227 6,481,357 6,481,357 5,870 5,846 24 7,825 1,362,769 1,771,117 1,356,390 707,476 1,698,123 127,659 458,147 12,770 11,439 17,001 188,184 1,026,681 215,812 5,505,135 21,952 231,818 1,564,116 141,400 138,309 6,485 340,511 55,312 1,280 222,907 3,900,416 2,671,742 220, 487 135,521 619,389 $2,198,284 193 6,581 1,263 1,146 9,701 1,675 170 2,941 56,989 11,005 6,868 19,415 94,157 35,448 1,622 18,686 26,725 24,009 2,716 33,713 30,033 1,298 22,902 17,138 17,138 5,764 5,118 245 7,317 11,043 20,143 26,761 10,898 9,221 10,765 1,7.54 259 995 1,880 9,636 2,335 232,396 314 41,940 2,470 20,181 229 3,324 117,070 36 2,631 53,885 272,155 8,976 4,869 6,066 $210,860,386 $96,753,752 l3!^\ti^tSt bfm\ 3i'6mt(^^ 42,454 846,725 116, 156 217,800 1,262,801 257,900 76,500 346,538 14,525,078 226,188 1,015,741 647,257 1,186,702 6,385,676 390,859 131,867 1,713,063 3,851,998 3,694,637 157,461 970,656 618,143 204,660 13,333,110 12,748,541 12,748,541 684,569 559,602 24,967 41,182 2,566,669 2,286,048 2,343,292 1,247,302 2,779,081 390,913 901,895 81,426 79,538 93,252 439,197 1,152,502 . 312,652 15,319,472 71,072 372,270 3,513,654 297,215 319, 100 20,984 607,699 471,855 10,121 728,691 5,425,725 10,352,807 831, 525 431,059 1,126,531 34,853 244,711 82,841 91,011 508,867 68,411 31,358 245,668 6,812,506 120,031 628,463 272, 704 680,692 2,695,101 305,300 63,780 785,013 1,653,616 1,642,850 110,766 629,280 256,607 131,555 6,822,981 6,250,046 6,250,046 572,936 648,638 24,297 33, 112 1,196,483 503,888 966,759 513,065 1,070,060 25l;033 432,983 "66,902 67,840 75,256 249, 133 116,185 94,505 9,581,941 48,488 140, 138 1,907,498 153,345 160,610 14,270 263,864 299,473 8,806 503,153 1,471,424 7,408,910 602,062 290,669 501,076 1,332 106,689 6 384 70 30 603 119 10 114 4,115 570 973 708 1,524 749 32 1,412 1,376 1,309 67 1,023 493 36 983 877 877 106 84 22 167 657 930 1,446 632 518 329 112 11 19 67 725 187 13,154 18 7 3,450 397 3 29 6,048 4 213 2,382 13,114 462 330 1,420 1,564 73,626 400 60 3,655 240 230 900 472 687 630 1,256 875 875 790 377 370 370 370 200 1,275 176 40 600 125 6,212 2,805 282 5,030 2,310 12,800 120 305 1,380 1,330 9,046 ~4 "14 '96' 5 2 365 140 10 152 85 111 lU 245 150 95 447 80 146 35 180 36 320 43 50 302 18 76 1 19 56 30 113 5 112 205 28 200 63 84 831 32 72 390 323 67 215 56 36 606 607 607 99 77 22 167 212 100 76 185 263 183 18 7 325 45 18 4 213 22 12 324 25 147 27,965 1 60 2,481 75 6 348 397 77 63 221 221 328 128 122 122 6 6 386 587 366 90 14 3,544 354 442 1,172 2,254 973 6/ I Same number reported for on eor more other months. < Same number reported throughout the year. 1212 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 65.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nroUSTKT AND QTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PESSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. « 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe-, male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tb day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum inontli. 23 31 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANT OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. OINCINirATI-^Continued. Marble and stonework Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and Zaoe goods i Mineral and soda waters Uodels and patterns, not including paper patterns. Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations. Photo-Engraving Plumpers' supplies, not' elsewhere specified. Prmting and publishing, book and fob Printing arid pubUslung, music Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlra-y and harness^ Shirts Signs and advertising novelties . . . Slaughtering and meat pacldug. . - Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- " water heatmg apparatus. Stencils and brands Stoves and hot-air furnaces, includ- ing gas and oil stoves. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. , Tobacco manufactures Varnishes ; , .Wire work, including wire rope and cable. All other industries * 5 164 7 12 16 5 160 408 109 366 154 183 49 571 414 240 513 2,964 114 1,902 1,054 663 185 14 525 1,195 191 1,410 63 1,407 37 836 140 2,432 111 123 12,124 164 7 59 43 178 4 2 41 25 15 16 147 13 92 35 32 18 12 3 116 90 19 S5 183 38 537 368 118 51 75 65 13 118 101 29 876 5 35 40 10 7 111 9 227 62 109 56 2 9 25 6 11 24 9 6 401 327 84 293 116 140 36 365 228 191 430 2,359 47 987 584 401 5 406 1,075 159 1,126 53 1,081 24 685 115 2,087 52 97 10,157 My Fe Jy Je Aus Je Mh Je Fe 87 446 133 153 37 389 248 201 No 2,441 Ap 52 De 1,042 606 434 De De (') 5 De 547 Mh 1,257 Jy 169 De 1,282 De 60 Se 1, 102 Mh' 25 Fe 735 Jy 334 Au 144 Ja W Ja 2,203 S2 114 Jy 287 De 78 No 151 De 103 Oc 123 De No Se No No 336 217 183 Ap 2,267 Au8 42 Se Se JyS w Mh Se Oc 964 573 386 5 359 929 150 Ap 1,065 Jy 19 My 1,041 Ap Jy De Ja Je m Oc 633 252 61 2,001 52 84 360 78 342 105 140 34 351 220 185 405 2,399 42 1,042 606 434 163 1,284 1,095 25 668 253 102 2,081 52 103 10,056 358 52 29 105 .139 31 343 144 180 403 ,763 38 956 595 360 5 499 25 664 253 61 103 2 26 313 3 8 76 5 1 623 4 85 11 73 . 97 1,194 1 1,939 23 14 1653,991 176,647 132,444 207,638 238,497 66,228 4,028,062 1,010,607 152,605 1,269,731 4,287,076 147,768 3,993,935 '2,024,239 1,863,062 116,634 1,593,946 622, 167 260, 668 4,378,022 118,384 3,356,004 43,621 1,831,415 564,403 89,012 2,269,564 646,074 277,905 30,598,537 *A11 other industries embrace- Aluminum ware 1 Artificial stone products 2 Automobile bodies and parts 5 Babbitt metal and solder 3 Bags, other than paper 1 Baking powders 4 Baskete, and rattan and willow ware 3 Bells 1 Belting and hose, woven 1 Billiard tables and materials 2 Bluing 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 3 Boot and shoe findings 6 Brushes 6 Butter 5 Buttons 1 Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables ^ 1 Carpets, rag ; 3 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cars and general shop construction and repaus by eleotnc-railroad com- panies. - - , 3 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 1 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines '. ... 1 Clocks :...... 1 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 3 Coffins, bunal cases, and undertakers' goods 5 Coke, not including gas-house coke ... 1 Confectionery (ice cream) 9 Cotton goods 1 Cotton small wares 1 Dental goods '. 1 Dyeing arid finishing textiles J, Enameling, . .' 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 6 Engraving, wood. 2 Envelopes- 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. : 1 Flro extinguishers, chemicals 1 Flags and banners 3 Foundry supplies 3 Galvanizing 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 3 Glass 1 Glucose and starch. 1 Glue, not elsewhere specified 3 Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore 2 Hair wbrkl 2 Hardware 2 Hats, fur-felt. : 3 Hats, straw 5 Hosiery and knit goods 4 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified. 6 Ink, printing ., 6 Ink, writing 1'. 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills ;. 1 1 CLEVELAND— All industries .... Artificial stone products 2,345 122,758 1,693 3,636 10,778 3,334 103,317 Mhl08,913 De 98,406 130,343 85,090 17,760 402 91 1312,908,956 15 28 8 10 8 4 17 4 9 11 28 224 10 148 1,800 6,177 63 294 29 226 60 784 584 928 2,279, H 12 15 ""s 4 4 21 .5 ...... 18 ..225. )igi 8 56 99 7 17 4 11 "'32' 20 46 ,.55 7 139 453 1 26 6 5 ■■"29' 31 - 54 )3t 3 25 184 3 14 a 6 1 15 7 21 118 1,665 6,441 44 233 12 183 -54 708 525 7.iTon pipe 1 Japanning 1 Labels and tags 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather, tanned, cuiried, and fin- ished 3 Liquors, vinous 5 Looking glass and picture frames 2 Lubricating greases 4 Lumber and timber products 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Motorcycles, bicycles, and paxts 2 1 COLUMBUS— All industries 643 21,323 468 803 2,126 700 17,236 Mhl8,056 No 16,580 17,558 14,586 2,977 22 23 $52,097,767 •> 9 3 7 5 75 9 3 9 4 4 23 38 1,896 53 736 23 32 247 2,874 44 ....„ 3 3 81 9 4 15 1 i 4 25 1 18 '""2 8 5 5 19 27 1,726 46 545 11 25 208 2,753 21 Jy 28 Je 43 Je 1,804 Jy 53 Mh 567 Se 13 My 30 Ap 244 Mha 2,892 De 24 Ja 6 Ja 14 Ja 1,478 Ja 36 De 523 Fes 10 Ja 17 Oc 174 Je 2,534 Ja 19 26 26 1,833 47 537 12 23 199 2,809 24 26 18 905 47 434 9 15 191 2,803 14 65,415 64,930 4,580,636 70,878 1,097,244 6,865 10,429 374,610 1,876,955 133,800 3 6 101 1 56 2 "'is' 116 13 ■■■42' 2 36 1 1 3 1 i 8 916 10 2 5 fi Bread and other bakery products — Brooms, from broom com 103 3 8 8 6 10 7 8 1 10 Cars and general shop construction "and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding 11 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS; 1914— Continued. 1217 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. 1 POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. rrincipal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $6,804 20,975 $5,366 8,954 1,482 203,375 80,479 217,688 81,966 93,770 50,100 14,613 17,740 38,073 23,636 17,715 16,660 50,732 15,311 25,919 5,688 45,411 17,882 211, 715 85,458 73,995 16,886 752,375 176,509 20,840 22,168 123,904 322,702 441,660 331,110 299,130 752,734 25,728 100,946 19,055 21,509 152,379 12,457 65,126 47,330 17,796 146,751 205,624 56,352 44,912 11,440 334,019 388,229 70,597 145,969 12,134 75,780 1,687,752 88,460 156,274 13,318 64,764 2,743,268 $79,473 96,647 3,749 804,651 587,204 722,984 159,080 102,274 277,630 50,482 135,408 65,144 31,512 491,902 118,554 79,433 539,323 1, 544, 771 1,180,491 92,716 863,136 88,766 384,692 332,873 61,819 1,485,905 1,489,279 775,369 » 153,036 40,067 307,417 11,032,694 $550 $8,882 14,794 1,488 3,301 18,209 $658 1,857 8,271 2,023,172 6,087 35 75,000 2,800 40,554 39,573 10,551 450 790 3,684 12,940 19,101 8,312 4,994 1,978 2,399 1,230 1,281 200 10,409 50 351 2,573 1,373 6,454 7,808 14,276 34,399 5,729 656 45,758 13,264 10,997 3,733 534 12, 101 12, 448 158,774 131,244 33,805 332,932 88,404 47,889 120 7,140 6,985 2,927 38,664 884 450 3,918 350 11,040 5,000 6,040 136,680 10,086 13,059 12,108 951 42,589 54,841 350 16,810 41,418 7,680 7,650 10, 198 171,319 287,971 23,770 2,347 12,948 652,520 6,846 55,340 $71,698 183,728 9,074 1,713,302 342,858 1,979,941 196,315 242,363 615,980 139,673 56,481 1,055,969 96,063 4,171,944 628,499 21,226 829,588 1,915,562 1,687,942 1,244,003 20,949,065 43,892 627,409 382, 789 244,620 3,563,625 2,694,155 1,084,211 1,526,270 243,255 1, 586, 753 34,544,388 $2,188 2,757 628 145,037 10,747 32,194 10,460 5,899 13,959 3,995 2,653 7,762 1,117 52,673 11,177 2,189 32,408 61,965 42,700 9,334 100, 358 5,466 20,803 19,679 1,124 49, 106 67,451 8,396 15,160 11,846 18, 174 1,715,376 $231,816 382,037 27,474 6,528,168 1,430,835 3,336,086 474,807 484,882 1,150,150 299,259 279,256 1,573,816 244,832 7,535,698 2,139,881 195,929 2,220,453 5,852,348 6,298,280 1,526,895 23,210,323 244,479 1,413,883 1,013,584 400,299 7,206,718 6,035,669 2,666,378 2,557,281 384,616 2,485,961 62,057,475 $157,930 195,552 17, 772 4,669,829 1,077,230 1,323,951 268,032 236,620 520,211 155,691 220,122 510,085 147,652 3,311,081 1,500,205 172, 514 1,358,457 3,874,821 4,567,638 273, 558 2,160,900 195, 121 765,671 611,116 154, 555 3,593,987 3,274,063 1,573,771 1,015,851 129,514 901,034 25,797,711 71 94 39 6,554 513 3,192 71 40 13 97 300 1,095 "■i;648' 263 40 50 9 6,457 4 17 213 603 1,494 684 398 350 112 252 260 24 2,901 677 328 356 398 188 83 115 74 24 1,711 371 9 76' 80 ""'398" 41 85 27 29 137 12 50 174 835 300 355 6 31 1,135< 31 365 5 435 335 2,126 150 71 1,905 110 2,405 1,120 42 1,243 624 599 2,630 303 858 823 35 2,123 3,696 385 1,450 35 215 179 965 303 325 315 10 1,187 910 "'"766" 178 178 ■""275' 3,728 468 468 966' 2,135 65 40 25 36 651 42 643 265 979 44,683 42 163 80 616 13,405 "■'276' ""i42" 10,515 480 60 60 28,287 135 303 2,931 ""m Musical instruments and materials, notspecified 4 Musical instruments, organs 1 Needles, pins, and hoolcs and eyes 1 Oil.linseed 1 Paper and wood pulp 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified.. 2 Paving materials 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, andsheuing 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 1 Petroleum, refining 2 Phonographs and graphophones 1 Photographic apparatus 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 4 Pottery. ! 2 Printing and pubUshing, music 3 Printing materials 1 Pumps, not including power pumps.. 1 Pumns, power other than steam 1 Regafla and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 2 Rubber goods, notelsewherespecified. 4 Rules, ivory and wood 1 Safes and vaults 1 Salt 2 Saws 1 Screws, macMfie 2 Sewing-mamine cases 1 Sewing machines and attachments. . . 2 Shipbviilding, iron and steel 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 2 Shirts 4 Showcases 2 Signs and advertising novelties^ 5 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 2 Soap 4 Soda-water apparatus 1 Springs, steel, car and carriage 3 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 3 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 9 Stencils and brands 4 Surgical appUances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tin plate and temeplate 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 10 Toys and games 3 Typewriter supphes 3 Umbrellas and canes 3 Vinegar and cider 1 Wall paper 2 Washing machines 1 Watch and clock materials 1 Watches 1 Window and door screens 2 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wire 1 Wood, turned and carved 6 Wool shoddy 3 Woolen goods 1 Worsted goods 1 $1,748,034 $2,515,588 4,068 6,440 106,760 2,347 37,350 1,679 23,600 9,240 10,610 $11,177,197 3,620 183,518 2,698 58,974 1,374 336 24,415 31,200 $257,768 13, 669 20,519 876,087 26,605 351, 3S 5,258 8,569 137,314 2,194,591 $372,291 195 582 1,320 29,990 1,272 17,534 848 3,600 $796,047 $29,789,008 316 620 24,482 557 10,681 104 77 3,313 14,953 14,487 3,840 a Same number reported for one 0{ 82101°— 18 77 2,038 25,761 54,099 3,503,866 51,808 1,112,217 14,794 7,864 342, 443 3,060,279 222,579 $847, 490 967 693 33,322 2,465 40,414 198 312 3,138 106,182 1,838 $57,608,084 66,583 111,284 6,224,348 107,729 2,118,926 33,487 29,618 648,097 5,401,494 301,734 'DrQm§my Mlcrosoff^^' le number reported throughout the year. $26,971,586 35,522 18,781 6,835 32 9,874 9,532 38,855 56,592 1,687,160 53,466 966,295 18,495 21, 442 121 16 889 252 1,106 22 31 162 3,281 57 50 63 8 16 632 236 567 2 6 2 398 42 15 99" "'2,'i66' 75 182 16 79 20 25 160 615 15 460 302,516 2,235,033 77,317 2,268 1218 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 65.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE BTATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDU3TET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OB NEAB- EST EEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. COLUMBUS— Continued. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Electroplating Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators Gas fixtures Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hats and cap", other than felt, straw, and wool. Ice, manufactured Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-miil products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspaper and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Prmting without publishing Saddlery and harness Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing. . Stereotyping and electroplating.. Stoves and hot-air furnaces Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 13 282 11 16 27 14 214 6 113 5 7 16 3 82 7 169 6 9 11 11 132 4 42 4 2 2 34 6 31 6 1 3 2 19 45 2,795 33 80 497 102 2,083 8 372 6 20 15 3 328 4 147 3 4 5 1 134 4 114 13 2 6 93 3 39 5 4 1 29 6 225 1 21 40 4 159 5 453 19 18 17 399 5 703 .S7 63 7 596 3 59 6 3 50 13 313 10 20 19 2 262 .7 55 7 3 3 42 S 116 4 5 5 5 97 8 48 10 2 2 34 15 89 14 8 9 22 36 58 653 43 51 37 43 479 42 739 26 49 177 90 397 7 501 1 25 150 37 288 6 140 3 9 10 13 105 29 98 22 15 17 40 4 9 175 11 9 33 6 116 4 48 5 2 S 33 7 249 5 8 18 14 204 3 48 2 2 6 2 36 7 273 1 15 14 9 234 5 160 1 12 9 5 133 31 304 29 9 2 264 195 6,825 104 313 805 252 5,351 De 260 De 138 Je 172 Se 37 Se' 22 Ja 2, 196 Ja Oc No Je Au My 33 219 437 Jy 688 Mh 60 Au3 281 Se> Fe Jy3 No Mh De3 De My De3 Fe Mha Se Au Jy Fe 164 36 41 512 314 113 124 39 215 39 274 161 325 Ja Ja Fe Ja» Je 157 46 103 31 13 De 1,929 Je Je Ja3 Ja Jy Mh Se la Ja Je No Jy Au Jy '/. Ja» Oc lly Fe' Je Fe Se 248 75 77 26 109 334 553 38 233 437 370 192 111 211 279 138 141 36 19 2,119 302 240 97 26 138 382 583 63 264 46 68 36 37 483 413 314 91 123 33 204 37 231 116 224 5,433 176 40 136 34 5 2,095 287 91 92 19 138 376 583 53 264 46 23 332 387 305 75 105 1 204 37 229 116 43 4,301 100 95 5 2 14 24 15 149 5 12 149 181 1,126 12 t398,325 120,300 278, 025 18,447 18, 558 8,881,907 620, 877 162, 725 122,635 14,803 ,072,357 933, 846 ,836,788 94,031 461,990 80,272 58,484 46,284 167,457 773, 177 1,465,578 1,044,670 209,463 211,443 326, 176 25,662 546,683 59,021 537,928 839,972 84,460 14, 167, 572 *An other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 2 Artificial limbs 3 Automobile bodies and parts 7 Automobiles 2 Automobile repairing 1 Baking powders and yeast 1 Baskets and rattan and willow ware.. 1 Belting, leather 2 Billiard tables and materials 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 5 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronae products 4 Brick 2 Butter '- 2 Carriage and wagon materials 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Cleansuigandpolishingpreparations. 2 Chemicals 1 Clothing, men's and youths' 1 Clothing, women's 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Cooperage 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 4 Dental goods 1 Druggists' preparations 4 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Engraving and diesinking 1 Envelopes 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified " 1 Fertilizers 1 Files „ 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Plour-mill and gristmill products. 5 Foundry supplies 1 Fur goods 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas, illummating and heating 1 Glass 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 1 Hand stamps 2 Hardware 2 Hats, fiu--felt 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Instruments, professional and scientific 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 1 DAYTON" — All industries 523 28,261 426 1,113 2,064 597 24,061 My 25,663 D. 21,171 23,818 20,018 3,773 19 8 J71,541,173 24,350 19,620 40, 781 942, 751 141,955 955,175 16,373 337,721 112,881 50,966 Artificial stone products ? 5 4 3 5 8 64 5 4 12 4 31 28 86 579 122 676 23 193 89 72 7 4 1 ■•■•j- 73 5 2 15 1 1 3 24 13 12 1 11 4 2 23 21 80 518 95 491 17 174 67 69 z Au' Je Au Oc My Ja Je Jy 34 31 85 572 104 502 19 200 79 74 Oo 14 Oc» 17 Mh 75 No 441 No 80 Ap3 480 Oo8 15 Se 147 No 51 Oc 62 23 17 80 452 84 496 19 176 53 65 23 10 26 148 84 365 16 176 52 65 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 2 29 5 74 1 ""s 2 26 7 52 303 ""l 2 (l Boxes and cartons paper 6 Brass and bronze products 7 s Bread and other bakery products Brooms, from broom com 130 3 1 9 Carriage and wagon materials 3 1 1 3 2 10 1 11 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by eleotric-raihroad companies. ' Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1219 EXPENSES. Value of . products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments rej)ort- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent ot factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- tcmal- com- bus- tiou en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $24,445 13,090 11,365 3,056 1,500 241,568 35,976 7,820 15,187 4,272 18,430 33,641 100,163 7,946 27,968 2,900 4,984 750 18,246 74,909 108,591 74,236 10,906 23,460 10,256 1,768 12,236 5,651 27, 150 32,066 10,154 714,309 S32, 18, 13, 2, 613, 16, 6, 5, 21, 17, 1,968 11,635 1,280 23,778 46,282 252,969 211,654 15,941 26,374 19,248 8,248 23,181 5,997 37, 108 17, 470 1,279 931,828 J137,134 34,374 102,760 19,313 6,428 1, 445, 483 206,614 51,619 67,861 18,949 104,837 288,201 503,827 37,098 182,682 41,600 41,077 29,409 17,425 277,275 325,416 264,390 60, 136 73,980 13,235 116,057 31, 149 190, 132 86,291 3,142,627 $1,000 $7,998 4,783 3,215 1,430 1,440 ■18,612 12,172 840 1,332 137 216 1,000 4,166 64,534 2,400 12,456 4,421 3,960 1,968 5,600 5,618 2,725 1,445 74 12,977 1,462 11,931 509,388 930 5,211 1,849 12,243 8,000 300 3,423 2,430 9,486 26,442 257 294 274 1,825 7,308 18,382 166,713 26,241 9,611 14,160 8,516 5,733 2,108 1,770 166,713 2,565 6,644 2,194 1,276 2,100 1,321 165 5,764 299 1,092 293 4,804 360 4,728 5,669 1,500 55 62,620 4,050 153,030 42,708 49,670 1 $559,082 170,659 388,423 6,066 26,411 2,400,386 391,708 113,685 95,061 27, 707 19,550 417,754 764,019 89,008 460,180 54,371 133,079 8,154 162,704 331,910 453,992 382,146 71,221 239,736 23,608 2,969,869 41,326 366,262 181,907 91,372 10,965,511 $11,016 2,315 8,701 1,285 586 117,023 9,625 1,612 2,371 640 51, 771 61,554 93,596 960 8,852 845 739 1,194 12,139 13,870 10,235 3,260 375 2,853 384 14,027 2,287 5,981 3,886 977 237, 204 $889,607 261,800 627, 807 48,387 48,672 5,719,907 683,494 204,400 232, 789 61, 186 309,060 860,971 3,297,419 147,200 833, 314 135,397 255,713 59, 166 562,379 1,036,632 2, 12^812 1,590,121 237, 575 294, 116 392, 747 69, 172 3,210,921 106,975 851,973 350,887 250,317 20, 836, 288 $319, 509 88,826 230,683 41,046 21,676 3,202,498 282, 161 89,103 136,357 32,938 237,739 371,663 2,439,805 57,232 364,282 80,181 121, 895 50,117 398, 481 692,683 1,653,950 1, 197, 740 163,094 293, 116 160,158 45,280 227,035 62,362 480,730 165,094 167,968 9,633,573 754 156 698 111 23 3; 476 686 88 79 3 ?425 1,415 3,529 360 1,298 75 23 89 32 618 649 469 180 45 445 50 395 111 10 843 196 50 39 264 106 158 106 4 102 45 13 1,248 90 38 40 3 1 3,178 94 172 249 1,266 1,385 400 2,425 380 3,095 360 810 55 486 32 560 402 280 15 208 5 23 44 32 418 631 451 180 270 40 5' 4 4 45 100 18 18 122 5 606 102 261 468 1 12,387 63 59 5 78 87 226 373 1 3,127 5 ■■■'iso' "i,'778' 528 15 35 70 25 6,420 2,840 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Jewelry 6 Lamps and reflectors 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Lithographing 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Lubricating greases 2 Mattresses and spring beds 4 Mineral and soda waters 5 Mirrors, framed and unf ramed 1 Mucilage and paste 3 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Oilcloth, enameled 1 Oleomargarine 1 O ptical goods 3 Paints 6 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. . 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Photographic apparatus 1 Photographic materials 3 Photo-engraving 2 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Printing materials 1 Pumps,notincludingpowerpumps.. 1 Pumps, power, other tnan steam 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Roofing materials 1 Saws 2 Show cases 4 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 3 Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Surgical appliances 2 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Tools, not elsew here specified .... 1 Toys and games 2 Trunks and valises 3 Varnishes 1 Wall plaster 3 Washmg machines and clothes wringers 2 Window and door screens and weather strips 4 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wirework, including woven wire fencing 2 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Wool pulling 1 82,610,573 $2,796,969 $14,075,625 8145,041 $296,379 $876,037 $32,007,802 $945, 919 $71,071,374 838, 117, 653 51,809 22,645 2,693 276 26, 195 6,982 1 1,200 1,885 2,333 47,300 17,170 28,229 '885 23,000 5,175 3,150 15,235 10, 733 27,639 196, 09D 68,869 290,241 8,595 89,672 51,563 47,031 231 1,126 5,170 7,890 3,670 11,604 170 720 9,652 69 242 236 5,867 409 6,284 lis 4,779 916 879 11, 766 13,644 56,016 453,604 200,939 1,174,939 15,682 218,022 58,984 27,777 951 340 1,043 6,857 6,164 37,590 289 9,563 3,033 675 44,600 35,522 90,341 863,497 332,470 2,012,777 41,575 314, 496 144,524 79,99) 31,883 21,538 33,283 403, 036 125,467 800,248 25,604 86,911 82,607 61,639 136 9 98 408 115 651 20 490 206 97 76 56 5 9 58 258 55 578 8 165 130 97 20 2 45' ? 1,480 1,886 42,158 3,647 79,494 ^ 40 50 10 52 12 25 76 1 56 75 100 50 20 5 6 7 9 6,892 1,937 480 300 q n ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1220 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 65.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS IKDUSTRT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENQAQED IN THE INBUSTET. WAGE EAENEES DEC. 15, OB NEAB- EST KEPEESENTATIVK DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum, month. Minimum, month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL, INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. DAYTON— Continued. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Icecream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Engines, steam, gas, and water. . . Foundry and macliine.shop products Fimiiture Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified. Machinists' tools All other Toys and games All other industries * 16 11 5 11 4 278 249 29 99 52 17 12 5 19 3 17 15 2 4 5 t\ 6 6 197 175 22 72 41 3 1 1 2 53 10 12 4 6 3,481 455 662 24 30 28 5 8 9 4 128 23 31 ""2 214 20 39 1 1 70 7 8 "'i' 3,041 400 576 14 22 7 47 7 1 1 1 37 32 313 30 23 22 8 230 15 608 8 33 95 51 421 9 44 335 1,682 8 45 19 28 33 19 ""s 275 1,582 8 3 5 5 173 76 35 41 263 17,957 16 6 10 2 103 5 3 2 9 713 2 1 1 9 1,447 1 ""1 1 390 62 25 27 242 15,304 Se» 226 Oc 209 Jv 37 .la 80 Ja 52 Mh 3,361 Ja 457 An 626 Mh ■ 18 Jy« 29 Mh 45 Ja 250 Fe 452 Dfi 308 Fe 1,695 Fe« 58 Ja 37 My 33 Oc 336 Ja 167 Jy 151 Ja» 13 De 63 No' 31 De 2,509 Oc 329 De De No 3 De No Se 459 10 16 32 203 382 Jy 259 De 1,516 De Aus De Ja 209 188 21 68 31 2,515 387 497 13 20 33 223 411 309 1,546 50 265 15, 776 63 21 68 31 2,446 380 494 13 20 32 165 332 309 155 50 26 24 222 14,252 125 125 1,389 43 1,618 1286,264 168,577 117,687 106, 311 113,021 7, 902, 744 827,221 1,428,264 22,462 34,443 24,095 352,202 1,157,796 1,019,607 802, 358 68, 821 41,025 27, 796 263, 145 54,489,846 *A11 other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Agricultural implements 2 Automobile bodies and parts 4 Automobiles 1 Bags, other than paper 1 Baskets and rattan and willow ware.- 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Brick 2 Butter .' 3 Buttons 1 Canning and preserving, fruits and Carpets , rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operation of railroad companies 1 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 3 Chemicals. 1 China, decorating, not including that done in potteries 2 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, men's 2 Coffee, roasting and grinding 3 CoiSns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cooperage 2 Dental goods 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 7 Electroplating 1 Emery and other abrasive wheels 1 Engraving and diesinking 3 Envelopes 1 Fertilizers 1 Files 1 Flags and banners 1 Flavoring extracts 3 Flour-mlll and gristmill products 3 Food preparations, not elsewhere speoifled ; 4 Fur goods 1 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Gas, illummating and heating 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 3 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 JIand stamps 2 Hardware 3 SPRINGFIELD— AU industries . Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . . Engines, steam, gas, and water Foundry and machine-shop products. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical mstruments, piano and or- gan materials. Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 253 9,614 242 340 880 284 7,868 7 9 27 3 6 1,750 47 143 10 53 2 15 31 3 10 39 7 2 227 1 5 35 ""2 1,447 24 103 7 38 2 1 2 7 33 650 1,497 16 3 23 7 15 60 51 94 19 34 562 1,286 9 3 563 12 8 3 540 18 185 19 10 6 10 140 9 710 3 35 132 37 603 14 111 68 3,922 16 no 1 157 51 3,158 355 142 Ja 8,! Fe 604 No Mh Je 154 575 57 No 6,739 Oc Fe Mhs De Ja 773 12 94 6 27 De 431 No 1,031 Au 8 Se 493 My 133 De 452 No 3 47 7,950 1,617 22 110 8 48 427 1,257 10 514 154 467 55 1,261 7,148 1,604 22 48 422 1,253 10 114 352 31 2,682 794 40 115 23 574 932,400,690 1, 177, 613 317,269 1,844,445 37,834 10,466,211 * All other industries embrace- Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Brass and bronze products Brooms -- 1 Butter 2 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Clothing, men's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Confectionery and ice cream 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiar- ists' supplies 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Electroplating 1 Emery and other abrasive wheels.... 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified. 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 4 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Furniture 4 Gas and electric fixtures: 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Hand stamps 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 Lea'^her.tanned.curried, and finished. 1 Liquors, malt 3 Lumoer and timber products 1 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1221 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. ■Steam en- gines. 1 In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.* Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $22,720 22,320 400 4,540 9,850 300,388 47,600 70,578 2,700 1,800 58,607 56,337 27,108 37,307 6,507 2,007 4,500 9,732 1,824,472 t44,431 41,675 2,756 3,864 2,154 314,316 30.603 36,830 936 1,040 1,435 28,806 135,221 33,796 31, 720 2,417 667 1,850 8,517 1, 982, 110 t90,802 73,537 17,265 43,017 30,219 1,850,871 209,680 416,122 11, 369 18,410 26,354 122,822 320,960 193,221 533,306 33,865 16, 210 18,655 115, 817 9,253,131 t8,856 62 73,390 448 15, 710 50 46,394 jll,222 9,892 1,330 2,625 2,470 38,438 10,860 6,143 660 2,000 1,766 18, 917 7,284 240 14,210 2,664 7,030 128, 667 $1, 072 749 323 1,320 371 35,637 • 5,679 9,278 79 297 103 2,400 7,537 10,425 223,058 605 362 243 913 567,467 $291,862 213,276 78,586 80,805 104,420 2,190,532 272, 837 1, 134, 976 13,396 33,795 7,447 141, 595 363,324 3, 819, 716 900,352 12,057 4,197 7,860 241, 639 20, 167, 777 $9,906 6,%1 3,945 225 1,110 160, 027 12,577 15,845 843 919 647 4,987 15,506 26, 602 4,802 1,385 467 928 3,491 620,642 $527, 405, 122, 177, 164, 5,585, 824, 1,899, 36, 79, 49, 472, 1,107, 4, 2,055; 75, 23, 62, 476, 48, 748, $225,957 186,190 39, 767 96,837 59,183 3, 235, 075 639,409 748,395 21,566 44,397 41, 674 326, 260 738, 697 984,429 1,150,277 62,360 18, 746 43,614 231,288 27, 949, 833 351 159- 192 51 183 5,066 667 1,799 30 66 100 704 112 70 42 162 1,220 33 1,750 525 1,510 300 415 17, 407 207 "si 25 119 90 1,135 60 50 166 318 159 159 1 25 2,652 142 82 30 5 25 175 404 234 107 47 5 42 72 20,513 138 438 8 302 108 5,765 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. .1 1 Jewelry 2 lAhels and tags 5 Lasts 1 Liquors, malt 3 Limographing 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Millinery and lace goods 1 Mucilage and paste 2 Paints 3 Paper and wood pulp 2 Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. . 2 Patent medicines and compounds 9 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and sheUing 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engraving 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Pottery 2 Printing and publishing, music 1 Pulp goods 1 Pumps, steam and other power 3 Roofing materials 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Saddlery and harness 1 Scales and balances 2 Screws, machines 1 Screws, wood 1 Sewing machines and attachments-. - 1 Shirts 2 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Soap 5 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 3 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 3 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Surgical appliances 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Varnishes 3 Vault lights and ventilators 2 Wall plaster 1 ■W irework, including wire rope and cable 1 Wood, turned and carved 3 $869,154 $1,250,574 $6,328,086 $60,887 $48,348 $269,007 $13,366,114 $347,394 $27,721,789 $14,018,281 13,113 6,092 3,849 65 3,107 6,530 1 98,912 6,900 4,020 196,706 1,200 6,646 1,211,113 17,208 66,107 6,100 24,964 404,635 877,637 8,457 293,145 88,270 341,755 23,270 1,965,625 600 630 4,435 408 1,354 761 6,252 840 70,345 285 1,631 173 245 13,455 21,681 20 8,569 1,026 15,017 11,641 124, 919 2,663,676 17,161 228,209 4,661 32,381 463,578 1,703,799 1,684 223,328 87,900 1,197,428 22,289 6,710,120 69,462 665 7,937 297 441 29,333 63,621 177 22,486 3,822 12,976 348 136,039 5,761,611 52,916 397,516 17,080 75,978 1,314,062 3,794,068 18,230 757,560 279,800 3,159,482 72,068 12,021,538 3,028,373 36,200 161,370 12,122 43,156 821,151 2,026,738 16,469 511,736 188,078 1,949,078 49,431 5,175,379 2,436 68 134 13 40 1,366 2,616 16 478 110 501 10 5,425 2,106 22 206 46 40 125 2,938 « 1,340 S 94 13 40 396 799 10 78 100 ,^126 658 505 428 291 4 ,S 2,700 38,091 142,636 1,167 93,946 138,961 A 150 760 820 957 6 400 10 7 9,693 8 q 27,988 17,080 205,392 1,000 325,435 9,741 3,915 329,885 10 1,875 26,281 5,296 3,046 1,454 23,272 11 375 1'' 10 1,355 13 469,427 21,698 2,679 65 1,326 710 14 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected witii sawmills 2 Marble and stone work 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Mineral and soda waters 2 Mirrors , framed andunframed 1 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Paints 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified.. 1 Patent medicines and compounds 4 Photographic apparatus 1 Photo-engraviug 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Pumps, not including power pumps.. 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Scales and balances 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Slaughtering and meat packing 4 Springs, steel, car, and carriage 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Stencilsand brands 1 St«reotyplng and electroplating 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods :. 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified S Toys and games 3 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Window and door screens 1 Wirework i Wood, turned and carved l i Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1222 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 55.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- bftr of estab- lish- meats. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. •WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST EEPRESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under K. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Uaximum. month. Mininlum. month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. TOLEDO— All industries. . Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Brooms, from broom corn Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and wagons Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Flour-null and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furnislung goods, men's Furniture Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hosiery and knit goods House-fumishtng goods, not else- where specified. Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paints Patent medicines and compounds... Printing and pubMshing, book and job. Job printing Book pubhshiug without print- ing and hnotype work. Printing and ' publishing, newspa- pers, etc. Printing and pubUshing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without priotlng — Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tools, not elsewhere specified , Wall plaster All other industries "■ 713 12 5 4 15 6 4 4 227 31,885 49 27 54 77 779 32 27 206 406 1,042 537 238 812 1,028 292 3,718 870 464 447 71 77 567 700 473 202 25 397 27 39 16,750 645 2 5 4 4 '156 981 2,368 20 27 19 22 112 11 23 4 7 7 413 31 55 30 212 4 18 1 9 5 178 138 36 1,145 915 1 2 447 27,076 29 13 40 64 679 193 25 16 181 318 276 184 85 918 234 374 40 25 400 390 10 267 125 345 16 24 14,689 Se 28,295 Je' Je De 40 14 44 78 No 608 Au 254 Fe My a Fe Ja 30 20 191 351 Fe 1,078 Mh 993 Se 313 Oc 233 Au 98 Ja ■ 770 Au 1,203 Se 251 Au 3,564 No 964 Mh 424 Au3 96 Ja Ap Ja ly ly My Je = Au Ap ' Je De De 108 26 75 472 439 46 29 411 401 10 Au 401 De Au 285 143 Ja Ja" Jy 25,504 Fe Ja Je Ja Fe Jy Des De Jy Oc 626 Je 737 De 236 Jy 147 Fe 73 51 549 19 12 156 286 De Fe 595 500 My 220 De 2,975 Fe 742 De Ja Au Oc3 No Fe Ja Fe Ja De 318 72 64 362 320 De3 35 Ja 22 Jy 383 Jy 373 10 De 380 Jy3 De 258 95 No 297 Jya Ja" I 27,284 31 13 44 60 587 27 14 156 321 743 917 268 206 84 604 1,041 103 17 67 369 365 36 29 411 401 10 381 286 95 20 21 15,225 23,035 31 13 25 24 467 27 11 153 317 743 321 158 66 66 486 720 242 2,908 117 321 70 5 16 64 365 34 17 331 321 10 337 262 75 20 21 13,568 38 19 33 120 596 81 148 18 115 321 1 20 780 4 22 96 1 1,626 13 $91,149,054 39,094 43,265 48,938 115,477 845, 513 478,280 36,800 15, 127 372, 143 1, 733, 724 790, 464 3,239,361 227, 657 89, 187 4,239,344 1,696,023 2,751,580 6,732,416 709,099 767,962 43,885 209, 177 51,621 126,365 7,296,676 1,013,246 197,422 60, 781 17,334 246, 656 96, 613 712, 881 685,462 27,429 796, 591 441,751 9,653 942, 192 36,209 81, 027 52,814,927 •"All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 3 Automobiles 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 6 Bags, paper 1 Belting, leather 2 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, wooden packing 3 Brass and bronze products 7 Brashes 2 Butter 2 Butter, reworking 1 Carriages and sleds, children's 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Chma decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 1 Clothmg, men's 3 Corsets 3 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiar- ists' supplies 2 Druggists' preparations 3 Electroplatiog 2 1 Owned power only. Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 2 Engraving, wood 1 Fancy articles, metal novelties 2 Flavoring extracts 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Fur goods 1 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Glass 4 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Hand stamps 1 Hardware 1 ' Includes rented power, other than Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Ice, manufactured 2 Instruments professional and scien- tific 2 Iron and steel , blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel , steel works and rolling -- mills 2 Iron aiid steel, wrought pipe 2 Jewelry 2 Jute goods 1 Lamps and reflectors •. i Lithographing 3 Liquors, vinous 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. 1223 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bentol factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 12,496,197 $3,059,606 2,020 4,476 3,aoo 49,657 16,830 1,000 1,200 22,640 56,600 22,852 80,120 60,400 61,909 53,738 53,354 266,273 28,780 54,035 6,390 6,400 10,460 5,480 59,932 38,480 17,404 2,800 16,227 28,485 74,736 71,476 3,260 129,809 92,264 26,620 11,025 23,925 2,300 7,400 1,190,864 $18,124,084 4,641 2,480 70,636 5,950 900 1,050 9,310 55,595 45,370 182,772 275,012 26,409 805 45,323 60,463 43,745 249,809 23,670 28,443 5,527 10,494 8,464 9,120 48,265 43,015 13,210 9,814 19,293 13, 940 42,209 32, 198 10,011 220,052 161,446 53,475 5,131 55,291 416 7,680 1,420,433 $169,954 $354, 250 17,180 11,920 24,948 29,187 370,411 140,402 14,680 5,254 115, 110 232,056 596,422 514,943 117,411 81, 314 37,874 465, 470 396,746 186,923 2,317,852 179, 254 231, 043 61, 118 29, 139 14,645 38,031 329,635 271,800 57,085 32,662 15,304 22,920 13,653 263, 176 ^1,957 - 11,219 339, 549 257,961 81,588 250,838 12,070 15, 219 10,250,840 5,946 10 1,439 581 7,602 2,696 160 4,845 32, 498 7,675 $1,937,278 400 11,468 5,065 6,403 35, 762 35,762 57,430 1,446 2,076 2,844 1,766 25,491 120 100 588 6,250 1,800 22,973 2,580 8,283 472 13,091 12,774 35, 504 11, 681 7,914 3,284 5,255 2,220 6,674 "'5,"5i3 840 1,913 1,224 1,440 7,263 37,559 36,647 912 18,441 12,510 4,500 1,431 610 990 1,990 101,281 $68,242,346 243 410 320 421 10,259 311 4,927 14, 118 4,268 5,464 18,664 1,698 594 13,293 12,070 11,880 54,619 6,213 7,154 280 1,055 191 766 445,143 9,864 1,349 891 120 1,448 1,097 5,957 5,678 279 11, 121 8,578 2,503 40 7,135 2,741 1, 277, 226 $2,251,923 35, 816 13,233 27,683 54, 455 1,211,602 67,760 30,570 •1,236 199, 960 286, 153 507,240 1,400,936 4,454,383 498,821 101,604 1, 004, 394 1,802,120 5,233,368 2,299,266 587, 452 282, 890 85,317 66, 785 58,461 90,454 667, 129 912, 503 194,683 53, 165 3,618 118,727 60,568 292,987 289, 264 3,723 468,421 382, 509 81,296 4,616 450,917 4,605 57,359 44, 555, 705 680 2,250 835 41,278 35,640 582 307 8,024 14,080 26,774 9,133 15, 478 7,765 2,034 15,914 18, 632 43,657 190, 828 6,935 16,420 1,908 2,155 330 56,569 7,679 1,972 1,934 685 3,422 1,116 10, 731 10,438 9,578 6,148 3,320 110 18,207 331 2,733 1,674,531 $115,049,426 $44,555,157 81,930 46,232 84,700 110,982 2,307,211 321,377 57, 350 18, 203 383, 490 804,087 1,201,929 2, 433, 570 5,889,320 777,552 189,316 2,029,356 3,229,882 5,815,388 6,544,602 921,918 734, 231 189, 089 128,230 128, 204 184, 247 2,474,913 1,480,636 331,045 159,036 266,676 278, 477 962, 787 905,027 57,760 1,834,305 1,380,641 369, 405 84, 259 873, 570 33,431 109,616 71,603,550 45,306 32, 319 54,767 55,692 ,054,331 217,977 26,198 16,660 175, 506 503,854 667, 915 1,023,501 1,419,459 270,966 86,678 1,009,048 1, 409, 230 538,363 4,054,508 328,531 434,921 101, 864 59,290 69, 413 92,705 1,751,215 560, 454 134, 390 103,937 24,685 144,527 216,793 659,069 605,325 53,744 1,356,306 991,984 284,789 79,533 404,446 28, 495 49, 524 25,373,314 53,369 69 18 38 77 541 558 24 43 721 742 1,254 200 487 290 75 713 1,155 3,345 5,277 168 740 52 61 12 2,541 1,306 227 119 33 186 50 404 400 4 595 402 181 12 1,004 30 95 30,077 30,247 76 315 704 650 1,199 270 3,185 2,768 418 2,489 1,041 630 16,380 3,420 60 1,094 125 40 150 150 19, 552 37 458 240 22 55 200 487 265 75 653 885 10 1,415 168 197 62 33 6 42 52 230 146 46 402 402 181 12 294 15 5 12, 198 13,228 19 1,218 885 105 4,055 20 126 16 1,164 5,344 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ii 12 17 27 Lumber and timber products Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace gopds Mirrors, framed and untramed Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste Muscial instruments and materials, not specified Musical instruments, pianos Oil, linseed Oil, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Paving materials Pens, fountain and stylographio 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Petroleum, refining 2 Photo-engraving 3 Pickles, preserves; and sauces 3 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 3 Pottery Pulp goods Pumps, not including power pumps. Refrigerators Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Safes and vaults Saws 1 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuildiig, iron and steel 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 7 Shirts 2 Showcases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Slaughtering and mea*" packing 3 Soap 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Springs, steel, car ana carriage 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Stencils and brands 3 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 2 Stoves, gas and oil : 1 Surgical appliances i Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufi 1 Tobacco, cigars 40 Toys and games 3 Umbrellas and canes 1 Wheelbarrows ] 1 Window and door screens 2 Wire-B ork 2 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved ! 2 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1224 MANUFACTURES— OHIO. Table 55.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INSUSTBT AND CUT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS EKGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EAENERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Uale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 10 TOITNGSTOWir- All industries. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products Confectionery sind ice cream Foundry and machine-shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Printing and publishing, book and Job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. All other industries* 201 12 18,224 61 200 91 1,279 8,232 415' 136 243 7,567 148 352 33 11 15 183 1,507 1 12 6 94 524 23 15 57 775 356 7 18 247 15,861 48 130 76 1,128 7,595 343 98 145 6,298 Mh 17, 449 Je 68 De 134 Je> 86 Ja 1,310 Mh 8,684 ly 468 Oc 8 108 Ap 148 De 13,491 Ja 28 Ja 126 Ja 68 De 824 No 6,442 De 260 De Au 142 15,919 40 139 75 868 8,222 267 1*7 6,068 15,052 126 33 868 8,218 64 137 5,301 4 1 29 6 767 $130,101,772 89,844 412,253 237,548 4,955,508 64,928,461 1,415,160 182,057 297,720 57,583,221 * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Brooms 2 Butter 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriages and wagons 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . 1 Cleansing preparations 2 Clothing, men's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 4 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Enameling 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products ... 2 prepa specified 3 Furniture 2 Gas and electric fixtures 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Alliance Ashtabula Baeberton Bellaire Cambeidge Chilicothe Coshocton East Cleveland.. . East Liverpool. . . Elteia FINDLAT FOSTOEIA Feemont Hamilton IRONTON Lakewood Lancaster Lima Lorain Mansfield Marietta Maeion Massillon MiDDLETOWN Mount Veenon Newaek NOEWOOD PiQUA Portsmouth Sandusky Steubentille TmnN Waeeen Zanesyille 46 47 7 80 63 78 47 65 129 59 22 53 97 66 103 71 66 70 63 27 79 58 78 76 107 60 76 82 97 2,806 2,032 3,714 2,865 1,656 1,758 1,840 153 6,180 3,236 2,041 1,498 2,400 6,923 1,602 2,217 1,784 6,305 7,266 4,106 1,736 3,162 2,096 4,841 6,143 6,853 3,220 4,178 3,276 4,937 2,585 3,364 3,469 24 7 68 40 58 36 46 100 122 58 58 50 42 38 67 3 152 119 76 77 76 196 58 28 43 97 292 135 77 87 100 216 110 146 140 93 81 138 97 274 47 413 138 109 97 67 8 86 221 124 87 153 459 60 197 100 202 393 382 144 372 130 471 52 277 564 204 233 243 163 197 198 31 20 93 40 18 30 68 6 44 121 46 46 62 125 202 8 57 103 102 57 162 16 102 229 62 142 79 32 78 106 61 2,333 1,868 3,118 2,603 1,455 1,557 1,614 129 4,830 2,736 1,737 1,252 2,063 6,043 1,420 1,774 1,583 4,876 6.436 1,401 2,577 1,768 4,003 772 4,583 6,808 2,777 3,597 2,727 4,506 2,177 2 862 Jy 2,568 Au 2,087 Mh 3,423 Ja 2, 832 1,784 Mh Au 1,838 Oo 1,640 Se 158 Mh 4,943 My 3,061 Au Oo Ja Mh No Jy Se Mh Ap Je Mh Ap 1,791 1,384 2,217 6,642 1,671 1,906 1,693 5,330 7,874 3,712 1,635 2,846 1,964 4,362 818 Je 4,765 Je 6,047 Mh 2,948 Fe Ap My Ap Ja Mh 4,456 2,910 4,991 2,268 2,992 3,289 No Ja De Se No Ap Ja Jy 2,061 1,578 2,779 2,428 1,112 1,376 1,681 107 4,638 2,482 Ja 1,646 Jy 1,124 Ja 1,881 No 6,648 No 1,009 Jy 1,671 Ja 1, 473 De 4,286 No 4,945 No 2,923 De De No De Jy De Ap Ja 1,212 2,365 1,276 3,694 721 4,302 6,473 2,696 2,360 2,612 De 3,490 Oc 2,047 My 2,777 Ja 2,649 2,394 1,979 3,017 2,608 1,619 1,579 1,644 139 4,818 2,762 1,843 1,298 1,991 6,068 1,604 1,851 1,637 5,103 7,330 3,360 1,316 2,406 1,628 4,014 730 4,629 5,623 2,713 3,849 3,052 4,804 2,168 2,852 3,167 2,325 1,875 2,609 2,362 1,506 1,257 1,009 134 3,657 2,378 1,082 1,050 1,623 5,274 1,264 1,622 1,101 3,847 7,240 2,633 1,236 2,169 1,465 3,533 696 4,083 4,315 1,879 2,612 2,689 4,578 1,759 2,339 2,651 66 3 101 3 407 1 234 12 109 4 319 3 635 6 1,235 13 13 380 2 2 753 3 fl 248 366 1 1 778 16 219 17 4 229 436 1,265 1 88 2 722 5 75 4 232 6 163 481 19 15 435 11 1,207 1 830 4 1,217 20 361 1 1 215 11 345 64 509 3 1 513 3 $8,665,344 4,298,265 14,624,143 7,670,674 2,968,860 2,904,812 2,629,780 288,864 6,593,376 9,485,688 3,767,551 3,121,474 4,086,333 21,887,892 6,254,995 4,463,959 1,589,321 10,201,164 38,360,423 10,469,468 3,404,539 9,699,258 7,482,679 23,974,223 1,891,704 8,952,591 21,102,363 6,717,065 7,614,638 9,510,029 19,387,008 5,314,470 8,550,271 6,862,172 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OHIO. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1225 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in efitab- Ush- ments report- ing. OflBcials. Clerts, etc Wage earners. Eentof factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power, Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.! Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. (1,023,422 $2,033,065 $12,348,890 $85,658 $66, 807 $880,897 $62,386,698 $6,690,106 $92,111,272 $23,034,468 196, 665 156,690 27, 198 12, 737 61,565 3,015 12,345 2,340 79, 142 247,367 -60,378 23,292 33,300 562,243 847 10,074 6,165 159,698 617,472 28,518 18, 120 67,801 1,128,370 23,431 82, 861 37,008 901,325 6,394,659 280,001 58, 615 122,759 4,448,171 4,066 584 500 5,650 350 3,827 10,978 59, 703 461 10,444 6,304 750 1,950 8,582 4,971 35,345 1,011 2,503 1,417 40,783 331,069 13, 141 737 2,819 487,417 18,993 304, 616 79,471 1,989,161 37,779,298 512,436 67,943 105, 771 21,529,009 1,098 11,455 4,392 86,911 2,083,814 9,876 1,878 2,498 4,488,184 55, 457 619,886 189, 235 3,077,945 48,798,464 1,010,128 251,625 640, 152 37,570,380 35;868 303,815 105,372 1,001,873 8,933,352 487,816 181, 804 431,883 11, 553. 187 95 115 265 4,481 113,065 1,246 78 225 77, 095 33 1,310 99,025 629 2 25 185 60 10,800 130 60 90 80 3,111 3,240 487 78 225 2,113 36,709 65, 693 16,996 40 22, 743 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 4 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 Jewelry 1 Liquors, distilled 1 Liquors , malt 2 Marble and stone work 2 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Mineral and soda waters 3 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Optical goods 1 Paints 1 Patent medicines and compounds.. . 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-ehgraving 1 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Sausage 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 3 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 5 Tobacco, cigars 8 Tools , not elsewhere specified 1 Trunks and valises 1 Wall plaster 2 CITIES OF 10,000-TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $212,078 115,007 219,448 126,892 79,119 76,199 148,771 6,009 247,260 275,398 146,507 151,918 185,014 506,856 107,028 131,960 52, 584 308,071 554,942 290,230 136,225 174,395 197,452 419, 116 47,908 192,660 589,596 258,506 256,388 262,329 247,767 143,008 286,8.50 163,792 $308,598 61, .558 649, 195 184,770 121,705 95,840 188,151 13,364 141,207 356,235 137,455 106, 165 228,595 710, 779 63,688 407,510 166,951 273,831 451,802 524,370 158,549 477,028 148,756 748,464 74,638 354,017 684,267 164.273 41S;894 301,066 194,747 264,395 228,398 $1,616,999 1,344,806 1,733,864 1,566,393 1,111,938 851,917 804, 727 81,393 2,935,216 1,759,067 778,029 655,011 1,096,846 3, 564, .504 720,734 1,021,994 790,419 3,177,520 4, 6.59, 729 2,028,828 843,584 1,512,473 1,165,880 2,888,440 443,954 2,969,297 3,813,982 1,507,883 1,750,695 1,685,974 3,430,111 1,409,961 1,933,289 1,685,467 $11,037 1,945 8,881 752 2,567 1,920 45,151 150 3,398 523 11, 598 20,634 420 260 7,774 3,548 90, 626 3,033 4,281 28,790 13,328 11, 797 19,008 6,425 416 27,176 10,670 1,915 $7, 628 8,546 2,382 6,424 6,080 7,842 7,046 1,410 11,312 17,539 5,723 10,729 7,565 37, 562 8,324 3,490 7,639 29,910 8,217 23,274 8,202 12,492 8,807 45,052 2,290 13,548 17,699 21,498 6,958 18,244 13,278 13,026 13,760 17, 714 $49,840 38,002 105, 122 98, 775 25,596 61,397 24,421 2,135 84,490 66,624 94,001 35, 496 48,271 238,325 103,453 94,168 15,076 309,436 340, 323 142,633 53, .536 81,340 46, 794 2,286,772 15,779 159,7.52 648, 665 63,414 10,319 233,603 146,749 78,427 50,021 68,741 $3,465,2.55 2,736,293 3, 844, 658 8,199,842 2,219,164 2,451,649 1,758,380 137, 634 2,306,292 4,870,397 2,670,186 4,288,952 2,200,021 8,684,466 2,834,095 1,478,225 3,255,592 8,178,846 14,541,946 4,638,591 2,321,417 2,453,481 2,691,921 9,785,990 1,444,604 3,119,393 7,081,402 4,466,084 3,980,187 3,803,800 10,126,282 2,234,724 6,154,258 5,003,489 $191,131 88,768 260,917 1,078,578 120,790 116,352 57,274 9,6.66 535,789 145,939 120,907 100,013 96,475 430,626 480,008 125,711 31,841 190, 262 3,387,438 133,208 61,372 108, 167 128,962 794,004 31,484 454,654 136, 648 97,495 98,927 254,996 1,305,974 156,941 200,247 242,626 $7,174,766 5,020,991 8,843,422 12,170,206 3,923,786 4,083,486 3,476,686 295, 786 7,092,903 8,791,734 4,662,778 6, 124, 679 4,779,982 16,877,260 4,666,185 3,606,498 4,602,615 11,598,580 29,110,037 10,281,968 4,128,618 6,384,864 5,293,124 21,787,151 2,302,869 9,276,762 16,724,360 7,988,279 7,882,145 8,284,865 16,968,987 4,995,880 10,399,737 8,300,231 $3,518,380 2,196,930 4,737,847 2,891,786 1,683,832 4,678 7,327 7,211 14,390 5,742 1,512,485 1,663,032 148,696 4,250,822 3,775,398 4,765 3,501 397 6,051 10,814 1,871,685 1,756.714 2, 483; 486 7,862,268 1,372,082 3,561 3,563 3,664 16,767 15,147 2,002,562 1,315,182 5,229,472 11,180,653 5,510,169 . 2,989 2,874 7,518 211,182 8,637 1,74.5,829 3,82.3,226 2,574,251 11,207,157 826,581 3,117 5,575 5,544 35,328 2,997 5,702,715 9,507,410 3,434,720 3,603,031 4,226,069 8,071 9,865 5,721 5,099 7,415 5,526,731 2,604,215 4,046,232 3,054,118 36,731 4,484 6,749 7,064 3,701 5,394 6,568 12,902 5,281 4,127 2,299 243 4,120 6,090 1,869 1,729 1,436 13,762 13,869 1,160 676 4,620 207,377 3,765 2,065 4,835 3,500 32,982 2,214 3,968 8,770 3,346 3,385 4,224 34,450 1,409 3, 381 5,463 327 1,140 290 1,003 210 514 508 748 2,181 1,649 754 1,546 784 389 1,744 524 474 1,128 743 374 531 391 696 2,970 493 643 990 709 682 85 332 600 610 19 260 '235 650 793 353 485 250 124 691 154 1,183 1,943 704 185 1,474 1,427 492 1,450 465 2,474 3,331 1,744 309 666 1,513 1,345 1,133 602 1,733 724 2,477 687 2, 113 2,303 1,044 6,144 4,220 3,943 2,742 901 400 170 278 3,649 207 1,044 443 7,571 071 1,713 390 2,883 40,385 1,001 29 6,085 2,178 12,946 1,281 4,305 14,333 1,170 1,083 906 18,482 517 1,868 4,290 > Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1W. "-'-4 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® OKLAHOMA. By Lesley E. Vooehees. GENERAL STATISTICS, General character of the state. — The territory of Oklahoma and Indian Territory were admitted to the Union as one state tmder the name of Oklahoma, November 16, 1907. Therefore, for the census years preceding the consolidation, the statistics of the two territories have been combined in this report for th^ purposes of comparison. The state ranks seventeenth in size among the states, having an area of 70,057 square miles, of which 69,414 represent land surface. Its iahabitants in 1900 numbered 790,391, and in 1910, 1,657,155, and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,027,000. In this respect Oklahoma ranked twenty-third among the states ia 1910, while in density of population it ranked thirty-second,- with 23.9 inhabitants per square nule, the correspondiug figure for 1900 being 11.4. The percentage of increase in population during the decade 1900-1910 was greater than for any state except Washington. The Tirban population ia 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing ia incorporated places of 2,500 iahabi- tants or more^-was 320,155, or 19.3 per cent of the total, as agatast 7.4 per cent in 1900. There were ia the state in 1914 nine cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000 — Chickasha, Enid, Guthrie, McAlester, Muskogee, Oklahoma City, Sa- pulpa, Shawnee, and Tulsa. These cities, whose aggregate population ia that year formed 11.7 per cent of the estimated total population of Oklahoma, reported 35.6 per cent of the state's manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage of Oklahoma, as re- ported by the Interstate Commerce Commission in 1914, was 6,398, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 232. The Arkansas and Red Rivers are navi- gable for boats of light draft for some distance, thus giving water connections with the lower Mississippi. The total value of all farm crops in 1909 was $133,454,405, the most important being corn and cotton (including cotton seed), valued at $48,080,554 and $41,187,408, respectively. The value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms was $61,099,694, Oklahoma ranking ninth in that year. The mineral production of the state in 1914 was valued at $78, 744, 447, the most important items beiag petroleum, $57,253,187; bituminous coal, $8,204,015, and natural gas, $8,050,039. Oklahoma ranked first among the states in 1914 in value of marketed production of petroleum and fourth in value of natural gas, the value of its output of the two products combined, representing approximately one-fifth of the total for the United States. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914 the value of the products of the manufactuxiag indus- tries of Oklahoma amounted to $102,005,693, and the total average number of wage earners employed was 17,443t The state ranked thirty-fourth in value of products in that year and fortieth in 1909, while ia average number of wage earners it ranked thirty- ninth at both censuses. In 1914, as compared with the total value of products of manufactures for the United States, Oklahoma's proportion was small, four-tenths of 1 per cent. The correspondiag pro- portions for 1909 and 1904 were three-tenths of 1 per cent and two-tenths of 1 per cent, respectively. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 T^mnber of establ ishments Persons engaged Proprietors and Arm members. . Sallied employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital. rSabries and wages. Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenua) ■Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANUFACTURING INDUSTKIES. 1914 S65. 11, 70, 102, 31 2,618 22,700 2,464 2,793 17, 443 97,308 477,654 213,375 202,332 011,043 307,885 909,729 969,750 005,693 035,943 1909 2,310 18,034 2,698 2,193 13,143 71, 139 $38,872,938 9,285,472 2,045,295 7,240,177 373,954 562,667 34,152,894 63,682,405 19,529,511 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Diyilizt^dMxMMU^t^f^ 1904 #- 1899 1,123 495 7,456 8 1,187 813 269 5,456 2,381 29,608 11,572 816,124,417 14,054,391 3,517,822 1,112,729 713,420 218,662 2,799,402 894,067 91, 140 <■') 8 188,848 « 16,393,952 5,430,447 24,459,107 8,133,936 8,065,155 2,703,489 PER CENT OF INCREASE. ^ 1909-1914 9.0 25.9 -8.7 27.4 32.7 36.8 68.4 63.1 56.6 52.1 -17.7 61.7 107.8 90.0 58.9 1904-1909 1899-1904 2 Exclusive of internal revenue. 105.7 141.9 127.3 169.7 140.9 140.3 141.1 164.0 184.7 158.6 310.3 108.3 119.5 142.1 (1227) 126.9 202.2 129.1 155.9 297.7 216.1 228.6 213.1 201.9 200.7 198.3 1228 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. There was a remarkable growth in the manufactures of the state during the 15 years covered by Tabl6 1. During the earlier five-year periods every item in the table more than doubled, while the increases for the last five-year period, though not so large, show a rapid development. The iacreases in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, during the latter period were 32.7 per cent, 90 per cent, and 58.9 per cent, respectively, while the corresponding percentages for the United States as a whole were only 6.4, 17.3, and 15.8. The de- crease in proprietors and firm members is explained in the discussion of Table 4; the decrease in the amount paid for contract work, 17.7 per cent, is not significant because the anaount depends largely upon the method of operation and not upon the magnitude of the transactions. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z CENSUS OF 1914. PEE CENT OF INCEEASE.l INDUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value oJ products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. Amount. Per cent distri- bution. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 190^ 1914 1904^ 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 2,518 17,443 100.0 5102,005,693 100.0 531,035,943 100.0 32 7 ier RTid timber prodncts ... 49.1 277.7 166.2 415.3 118.2 426.1 390.6 89.9 488.4 159.2 222.3 216.9 294.9 620.8 568.4 83.4 399.4 192.6 414.6 216.1 Foundry and maohlne-shop products.. Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 460.7 442.3 281.5 Glass 17.6 127.9 258.2 26.0 -29.6 51.4 141.1 371.4 24.4 -38.7 95.8 137.3 402.5 Butter flnffftfi, rnattt-iTigand grinrlixig . Explosives Brick -44.9 -39.5 -14.7 83.2 82.0 237.7 18.2 83.9 'm.3 -51.8 -40.7 3.7 114.9 -1.9 -18.7 -27.9 156.5 75.2 -8.5 25.7 101.8 271.6 60.2 175.7 "ssi.'i' -54.3 -39.9 -15.5 127.9 -14.1 -5.6 -22.4 132.1 92.6 16.5 8.4 ii6.2 259.. 3 69.8 i48.i Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Mineral and soda waters 35i.2 Clothing, men's, including shirts Saddlery and harness 33.9 294.3 78.3 17.3 220.8 104.8 Marble and stone work -3.4 -41.7 133.3 Wall plaster Broo^ns, frnm brnoTTi norn 244.4 620.0 151.2 583.3 Food preparations, not elsewhere Allother industries . 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 29; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 26 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $200,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 2 with products exceeding $10,- 000,000 in value, 2 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 7 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 15 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those industries included in "all other industries" are cement, cordage and twine, the killing and dressing of poultry, and slaughtering and meat packing, each of which have products valued at more than $200,000, but statistics for which can not be shown separately without disclosing individual operations. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance, as shown by value of products, but the arrangement for most of thejndustries would vary considerably from that given if %^a^^PeM,^ number of wage earners or value added by manu- facture. Slaughtering and meat packing, an industry for which statistics can not be shown separately, ranked first in value of products and value added by manufacture and sixth in number of wage earners. The flour-mill and gristmill industry, ranking second in value of products, was ninth in nmnber of wage earners and fitfth in value added by manufacture. This industry requires comparatively few wage earners, as the processes are largely carried on by machinery, and consequently the value added by manufacture is small in proportion to that of most other industries. Petroleum refining, third in value of products, was twelfth in number of wage earners and second in value added by manufacture. Smelting and refining, zinc, fourth in value of products, was third in number of wage earners and sixth in value ^dded b;tjnainufacture. Oil, cottonseed, and cake, '£i^BPS!CysM of products, was eighth in number of wage earners and ninth in value added by manu- MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 1229 facture. Lumber and timber products, sixth in value of products, was first in number of wage earners and fourth in value added by manufacture, while printing and publishing, seventh in value of products, was fourth in nimiber of wage earners and third in value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products, there were many changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Slaugh- teriag and meat packing, by far the most important industry in the state in 1914, held thirteenth place in 1909. Foundry and machine-shop products, eighth in order of importance, held the same rank at both censuses. Flour-mill and gristmill products and the smelting and refining of zinc, as previously stated, ranked second and fourth, respectively, in 1914 but were first and fifth in 1909. Petroleum refining ad- vanced from eleventh place in 1909 to third place in 1914. Oil, cottonseed, and cake, the lumber and timber industry, and printing and publishing dropped in rank from second, third, and fourth places in 1909 to fifth, sixth, and seventh, respectively, ia 1914. For most of the remaining industries, changes from census to census are noticeable. Of the industries shown in the table, petroleum refining shows the largest increase in value of products during the period 1909-1914 (1,133.6 percent) and smelting and refining, zinc, foundry and machine-shop products, clothing, men's, including shirts, and confectionery each more than doubled in value of products. Flmir-miU and gristmill products. — ^This industry does not include data for the small custom mills grinding for toll or local consumption exclusively. The figures show that during the two earher five-year periods and for the decade 1904-1914 the industry increased rapidly, although the totals for 1914 indicate a considerable decrease, as compared with those for 1909. This condition is similar to that shown for the industry in other states. Petroleum, refining. — ^The statistics for this industry show its remarkable growth in the state during the past few years. In 1909, when it was reported for the first time, there were only 9 estabhshments, with products valued at $1,055,011. By 1914 the niunber of estabhshments had more than doubled, and the value of products had increased to $13,014,372, a more than tenfold increase. Smelting and refining, zinc. — While this industry shows the smallest number of estabhshments of any of the more important industries given in the table, its value of products ranks fourth among the industries of the state. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the number of estabhshments doubled, the nmnber of wage earners increased 189.9 per cent, while the value of products and the value added by manufacture increased 231 .1 per cent and 137 per cent, respectively. Oil, cottonseed, avd cake. — ^The statistics include those for all establishments engaged primapjy io, extrai oil from the cotton seed or in refinini industry shows a decided increase in aU items during each of the five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Lumber and timber products. — ^The operations of logging camps, sawmills, planing mills, and wooden- box factories are included imder this classification for comparative purposes. The industry as a whole shows a decrease from 1909 to 1914. This loss is largely in the value of products reported for the planing mills operated independently of sawmills. The logging camps and sawmills show the greatest decrease in number of estabhshments, wage earners employed, and value added by manufacture. In 1914, as in 1909, the lumber and timber industry reported more wage earners than any other industry in the state. Printing and publishing. — Besides the printing and pubhshing of newspapers and periodicals, books, mu- sic, and job printing, this classification includes, for comparative purposes, those estabhshments engaged in bookbinding and blankbook making, and in engrav- ing, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. The newspaper and periodical branch of the industry is by far the most important, reporting over 85 per cent of the nmnber of estabhshments and 80 per cent of the value of products. For the combined industry, the increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914 was very small, only nine-tenths of 1 per cent, while the average ntmiber of wage earners during this period decreased 4.7 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 , Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED EJ MifNUFACTUE- ING OtDUSTKIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 22,700 18,034 21,295 17,071 1,405 963 93.8 94.7 6.2 5.3 Proprietors and officials 3,569 3,630 3,493 3,647 76 83 97.9 97.7 2.1 2.3 Proprietors and &m members .. . Salaried officers of corporations. . Superintendents and managers . . Clerks and otlier subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 2,464 2,698 355 284 750 648 1,688 1,261 17,443 13,143 2,394 2,628 353 273 746 641 1,363 1,069 16,449 12,466 70 70 2 6 4 7 335 202 994 678 97.2 97.4 99.4 97.9 99.6 98.9 80.2 84.0 94.3 94.8 2.8 2.6 0.6 2.1 0.6 1.1 19.8 16.0 5.7 5.2 16 years of age and over 17,309 13,020 134 123 16,320 12,346 129 120 989 675 5 3 94.3 94.8 96.3 97.6 5 7 5.2 2.4 In^lQljp^jh^Te were 22,700 persons reported as en- anufactures of the state, of whom 17,443, 1230 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. or over three-fourths, were wage earners; 3,569 were proprietors and officials; and 1,688 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the latter class, 19.8 per cent were females, a slightly larger pro- portion than in 1909, when 16 per cent were females. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 16,320^ or 94.3 per cent, were males, and 989, or 5.7 per cent. females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries will be found in Table 30. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Troprietors and firm members Salaried officers ol corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. ige earners (average number). 16 years of age and over Under 16 years o J age PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUBINQ INDUSTKIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 25.9 -1.7 -8.7 25.0 15.7 32.7 32.9 8.9 Male. 24.7 -1.6 -8.9 27.0 16.4 27.8 32.0 32.2 7.5 Female. 65.8 46.6 46.5 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 15.7 10.9 1.6 3.3 7.4 76.8 76.3 0.6 100.0 20.1 15.0 1.6 3.6 7.0 72.9 72.2 0.7 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 16.4 11.2 1.7 3.5 6.4 77.2 76.6 0.6 100.0 20.8 15.4 1.6 3.8 6.2 73.0 72.3 0.7 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 5.4 5.0 0.1 0.3 23.8 70.7 70.4 0.4 8.6 7.3 0.6 0.7 21.0 70.4 70.1 0.3 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. With the exception of proprietors and firm mem- bers, the table shows increases for the five-year period in the total number of the several classes of persons engaged in manufacturing industries. The decrease in the number of proprietors and firm members was due largely to the decrease in the small lumber mills and gristmiUs operated by individuals and firms, and also to the fact that some estabhshments operated under this form of ownership in 1909 were incorporated during the period between the censuses and reported as corporations in 1914. In such cases the same indi- viduals reported as proprietors or firm members at the former census were in some instances returned as salaried officers of corporations at the latter. While there was an increase of only 427 in the number of clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, the percentage of gain, 33.9 per cent, is the largest shown for any of the classes. The average number of wage earners 16 years of age and over, which constituted 76.3 per cent of the total number of persons employed in 1914 and 72.2 per cent in 1909, shows an increase of 32.9 per cent between these years. Wage earners under 16 years of age also show a slight increase for the period 1909-1914, but the proportion which this class formed of the total number of wage earners was only six-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and seven-tenths in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earlier census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Each of the classes enumerated in this table shows an increase for both five-year peri prietors and firm members, for which the decrease has been explained. The increases, however, are much, greater for the earlier than for the later five- year period. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUrACTURINQ INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of inorease.i 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 22,700 18,034 7,456 ICO.C 100.0 100.0 25.9 141.9 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried employees 2,464 2,793 17,443 2,698 2,193 13,143 1,187 813 5,456 10.9 12.3 76.8 15.0 12.2 72.9 15.9 10.9 73.2 -8.7 27.4 32.7 127.3 169.7 Wage earners (average) 140.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the actual number of wage earners shows an increase at each successive census period. In 1914, 93.6 per cent of the number were males. The proportion of females over 16 years of age and of children each show a decrease during the decade. Most of the industries, for which separate figures are shown in the table, are of a character which normally employ only men, so that, with two exceptions, either there are no women employed or the proportion is MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 1231 Of the 11 industries for which separate figures are given, only three show an increased proportion of males in 1914, as compared with 1909. In bread and other bakery prqducts, the proportion of females over 16 years of age was 8.1 per cent in 1909, while in 1914 it had increased to 23.8. On the other hand, in printing and publishing, an industry which also reports a comparatively large number of women, the proportion decreased from 17.4 per cent in 1909 to 14.5 in 1914. Children under 16 show insignificant proportions for all the iadustries, except printiag and publishiag, where an increase from 2.8 per cent in 1909 to 6.1 per cent uvl914 is shown. Table 6 AUindustri&s., Bread and other bakery products.. Brick , Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Average num- ber.' ■WAGE EAKNERS. 17,443 13, 143 5,456 697 418 402 730 1,718 1,412 700 842 457 528 449 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 93.6 93.9 92.0 75.6 90.4 99.8 99.7 97.8 100.0 99.7 100.0 Fe- male. 6.7 5.1 6.0 23.8 8.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 "ii 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.1 Un- der 18 years of 0.8 0.9 2.0 0.6 1.4 Lumber and timber products.. Oil, cottonseed, and cake Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing Smelting and refining, zinc All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.! 2,651 3,175 831 581 516 76 1,619 1,698 1,641 566 6,234 2,740 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 99.7 99.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 79.4 79.9 100.0 100.0 88.6 86.6 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years of age. 0.2 14.5 17.4 11.0 12.6 0.2 0.2 6.1 2.8 0.4 0.9 1 For method of estimating th? distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number in all Industries combined, see ''Explanation of terms.' 2 1,ess than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. classified accordiag to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Census year. AVERAGE NDMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN— SEX AND AGE. Chickasha. Enid. Guthrie. McAlester. Muskogee. Oklahoma City. Sapulpa. Shawnee. Tulsa. Total .. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 337 364 283 303 185 282 333 171 180 828 381 2,226 1,398 720 433 845 '806 845 462 16 years ol age and over: Male 326 356 252 275 137 247 297 32 18 26 16 17 10 160 164 751 360 1,904 1,246 665 316 146 37 6 8 18 407 728 730 Female. . 11 5 30 28 9 16 73 15 15 102 73 40 25 1 2 4 6 11 15 3 4 9 3 _ Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over— .Male 96.7 97.8 89.0 90.8 74.0 87.6 89.2 17.3 6.4 7.8 8.6 6.0 3.0 93.6 91.1 90.7 94.5 85.5 89.1 92.4 14.2 10.4 5.1 0.3 0.6 2.5 94.0 86.2 90.6 94.8 92 6 3.3 1.4 10.6 9.2 5.3 8.9 8.8 3.9 3.6 12.1 9.1 4.7 0.4 1.2 0.5 1.6 2.5 1.8 0.4 ' 0.5 1.9 0.8 . I Figures do not agree with those published because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. The number of wage earners employed in Oklahoma Gty increased 209.2 per cent diu-ing the decade shown in the table and 59.2 per cent during the period 1909- over 16 years of age increased 52.9 per cent and females, 117.9 per cent. The opposite was true in Guthrie, decreases being shown for both five-year periods for 1914. During the latter period the T^^^^ftf2B^tl/Wlh3t^S&ft^ and for males over 16 years of age 1232 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. Muskogee shows an increase of 447, or 117.3 per cent, in the total average number of wage earners for the five-year period 1909-1914. Shawnee and Tulsa also show increases fot 1914 as compared with 1909, 4.8 per cent, and 82.9 per cent, respectively. Chickasha, Enid, and McAlester each show decreases. While the number of female wage earners employed in the cities of Oklahoma is comparatively small, the number increased during the last five-year period in every city, except McAlester, and only two cities, McAlester and Tulsa, show a decrease in proportion of this class. Wage earners employed, by months. — The foUowiag table gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. The last three months of the year show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state at each census period, October being the month of max- imum emplo3Tnent. The month of minimum employ- ment, on the other hand, varied considerably, being August in 1914, February in 1909, and May in 1904. The greatest variation in number employed during the year occurred in 1909, when the smallest number for any month was 80.4 per cent of the largest. In 1914, though the number employed was greater, the mini- mum number represented 93.4 per cent of the maxi- mum. Table 8 January... February. March April May. June July August September, October November , December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.! 1911 17,365 17,176 17, 164 17, 493 17,807 17,334 17,232 16,902 17,398 18,088 17,911 17,446 1909- 11,828 11,782 12,237 12,285 12,518 12,905 13, 153 13,465 13,826 14,659 14,551 14,605 19(M 6,455 5,361 5,356 6,279 5,144 5,266 5,280 5,167 5,532 5,923 5,855 5,854 Per cent of maximum. 1911 96.0 95.0 94.9 86.7 98.4 95.8 95.3 93.4 96.2 100.0 99.0 96.4 1909 80.7 80.4 83.5 83.8 85.4 88.0 89.7 91.9 94.3 100.0 99.3 1904 92.1 90.5 90.4 89.1 86.8 88.9 89.1 87.2 93.4 100.0 98.8 1 The fiffures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. Table 9 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 9 INDUSTRY AND CITT. WAGE EARNERS: 19U. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Janu- ary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All industries Bread and other baliery products Bricli: Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and macliine-shop products Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Petroleum, refining Printing and pubUshing Smelting and refining, zinc All other industries Total for cities Chickasha Enid Guthrie McAlester Muskogee Oklahoma City SAPTfLPA Shawnee Tulsa 17,443 17,365 17,176 17,164 17,493 17,807 17,334 17,232 17,3 18,088 17,911 17,446 1,718 700 528 2,651 851 516 1,619 1,641 5,234 6,153 660 301 1,S90 681 859 2,753 1,441 601 1,585 1,588 5,264 e,74t 1,512 661 . 870 247 2,811 1,081 501 1,663 1,588 5,324 5,742 661 415 1,554 eeo 953 313 2,820 624 497 1,576 1,602 5,499 5,860 671 519 1,667 666 451 2,805 195 505 1,594 1,634 5,797 1,832 660 960 570 2,837 193 1,634 1,645 5,808 6,237 634 657 984 807 2,780 190 511 1,619 1,676 5,173 6,290 724 457 1,902 726 941 907 2,644 250 499 1,600 1,603 4,979 725 484 2,005 753 912 899 2,539 285 507 1,600 1,638 4,665 6,251 1,910 761 856 765 2,524 517 1,638 1,770 4,660 6,487 717 1,833 729 777 526 2,585 1,667 526 1,675 1,752 4,962 716 330 1,703 728 756 335 2,402 1,677 519 1,664 1,620 5,462 6,578 6,291 724 1,502 738 776 274 2,S/2 1,718 514 1,680 1,677 5,325 6,067 90.5 38.6 69.3 85.4 76.3 26.7 81.5 11.1 82.4 93.0 89.0 78.4 87.3 337 283 185 171 2,226 433 845 845 Sis 252 192 190 887 2,144 437 6S0 836 271 2S8 195 161 737 S,1S5 421 772 812 262 260 177 ISO 764 2,168 446 756 877 282 267 IM 175 821 2,141 431 794 336 266 165 174 858 2,168 476 859 935 348 278 171 158 2,239 488 370 307 182 178 876 419 920 802 381 295 188 173 2,138 406 991 784 374 292 186 177 2,276 439 973 878 406 315 206 166 2,410 445 ■ 958 812 315 191 167 780 2,373 S90 375 311 205 183 743 2,294 398 770 788 69.9 75.6 78.6 78.9 79.9 56.5 83.5 The total for the combined industries of the state shows very Httle fluctuation from month to month in the number of wage earners employed, the proportion which the minimum formed of the maximum being 93.4 per cent. With the exception of the fceeaeasgrmLin- dustries, the manufacture of brick, ice, SISfft^Me^l and cake, which naturally show considerable differences in the number employed during the different seasons, there was a marked regularity in the number engaged in the industries shown. Of the remaining industries .^va^ation is reported for printing and pubUsh- "^te^greatest for steam-railroad repair shops. MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 1233 Of the nine cities, Oklahoma City reported the largest number of wage earners and shows the least fluctuation in employment, 11.4 per cent. Chickasha and Shawnee show the greatest variation, 40.1 per cent and 43.5 per cent, respectively. In these two cities steam-railroad repair shops, the principal industry, reported relatively few wage earners for the month of January. Prevailing hours of labor, — In Table 10 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries, throughout the state have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is'dassified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. Table 10 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. DIDUSTRT AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60.. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. AHindustries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 . 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 17,443 13,143 4,369 2,965 2,247 303 2,277 1,949 687 626 3,996 4,711 1,719 1,463 1,332 858 816 368 Bread and other bakery products 697 418- 402 730 1,718 1,412 700 842 886 457 528 449 2,651 3,175 851 581 516 75 1,619 1,698 1,641 666 5,234 2,740 6,153 83 68 5 283 5i 49 46 314 896 30 11 239 90 10 22 14 220 236 353 669 58 15 8 34 18 Brick 5 15 748 195 27 98 72 18 7 5 126 800- Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad 14 642 290 165 168 companies. 31 252 280 5.38 343 41 40 1,494 1,631 8 15 64 3 10 223 271 2 Foundry and Tnachine-shop products 4 • 35 1 16 9 210 156 1 4 134 124 406 263 T<^. manufactured , . . . 46 24 274 .\ 247 17 - -180 388 • 155 2 813 488 14 168 34 2» 61 Petrnleum, refining ... , , , 1 H 1,176 1,122 76 12 295 323 14 193 1 6 17 Printing and |vnhli.«shi7ig 50 58 1,359 22 32 282 196 72 114 100 68 163 186 958 1,118 943 136 144 376 641 All other industries 2,129 643 2,117 813 50 798 691 364 1,056 234 40 269 293 35 229 nFTrKAHITA.. 337 283 185 171 828 2,226 433 845 845 226 35 96 56 157 600 46 725 177 2 39 12 25 370 621 6 18 63 41 106 9 16 63 256 29 9 414 9 19 7 28 175 83 _ 251 40 29 69 40 53 1 Emn t 16 8 28 McAlestek 9 12 34 37 Muskogee 6 603 74 5 86 29 61 16 68 27 Oklahoma City Sapotpa.. Shawnee ; 8 9 26 2 15 65 Tulsa In 1909, 5,743, or 43.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were less than 60 per week, while in 1914 the proportion was 54.9 per cent. During the five-year period the proportion of wage earners in plants where 60 hours constituted a week's work showed the greatest decrease — ^from 35.8 per cent in 1909 to 22.9 per cent in 1914— while that in plants where the prevailing hours were between 48 and 54 showed the greatest increase — ^frqm 2.3 per cent in 1909 to 12.9 per cent in 1914. of labor In 1909, only slightly more than one-third 82101°— 18 78 of the wage earners in this industry were employed ia estabhshments where the hoiirs of labor were less than 60 per week, in 1914 none worked as many as 60 hours, and 82.8 per cent were employed less than 54 hours per week. In 1914, 56.4 per cent of the wage earners in the bakeries of the state were employed in estabhshments operated less than 60 hours per week, as compared with 30.6 per cent in 1909. The railroad repair shops in Oklahoma show an increase in the proportion of wage earners working more than 60 hours per week, 37.4 per cent in 1914 as compared with 20.5 per cent in y909. l(ifiP^QiV§mhmed total average number of wage earners, 6,153, for the nine cities in 1914, 4,071, or 1234 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 66.2 per cent, were in establislunents where the pre- vailing hours were less than 60 per week, and 2,117, or 34.4 per cent, were in estabhshments where 48 hours or less constituted a week's work. In Oklahoma Gty and Shawnee the proportion of wage earners in estabhshments in which the prevailing hours were less than 60 per week was 79 per cent and 89.5 per cent, respectively. The largest proportion in the 60-hour group — 49 per cent — ^is shown for Tulsa; and the largest in estabhshments with pre- vailing hours over 60 per week appears for Sapulpa — 64.2 per cent. Location of establishinents. — ^Table 11 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Oklahoma were centraUzed in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 11 Census year. Aggregate. CTTIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OVEK. 1 DISTEICTS OUTSIDE OF Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 f» 100,000. POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Numljer or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. NDmber of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 9 8 2 237,094 168,866 20,043 591 486 69 6,153 4,176 461 $36,308,575 19,864,676 1,493,998 10,106,225 6,966,763 639,860 11.7 10.2 2.5 23.5 21.0 13.9 35.3 31.8 19.4 35.6 37.0 18.4 32.6 35.7 23.7 6 6 2 88,452 79,383 20,043 213 251 69 2,254 2,397 461 $8,959,627 9,717,641 1,493,998 2,731,838 3,443,467 639,860 3 2 Population ' 2,026,534 1,657,155 790,391 2,518 2,310 495 17,443 •13,143 2,381 $102,005,693 •53,682,405 8,133,936 31,035,943 •19,529,511 2,703,489 4.4 4.8 2.5 8.5 10.9 13.9 12.9 18.2 19.4 8.8 18.1 18.4 8.8 17.6 23.7 148,642 89,483 7.3 5.4 1,789,440 1,488,289 770,348 1,927 1,824 426 11,290 8,967 1,920 $65,697,118 33,817,729 6,639,938 20,929,718, 12,662,748' 2,063,629 88.3 89.8 97 6 NnmN^r of «p*^*^T>liRhnieT»tR 378 235 15.0 10.2 76.5 79.0 86.1 Average number of wage earners 3,899 1,779 22.4 13.5 64.7 68.2 80.6 Value of products .•, $27,348,948 10,147,035 26.8 18.9 64.4 63.0 81.6 Valnn Afliind hy mftTinffVPtnr<> . 7,374,387 3,523,296 23.8 18.0 67.4 64.3 76.3 • Census estimate of population for 1914. • Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. In any comparison of the figures in this table it should be borne in mind that while the distinction is made betsreen cities of 10,000 inhabitants and over and the balance of the state, it is not necessarily between the same cities at each census and the balance of the state- In 1900 only two cities, Guthrie and Oklahoma City, reported a population of 10,000 and over, while Chick- asha, Enid, McAlester, Muskogee, Sapulpa, Shawnee, and Tulsa, each having less than 10,000 inhabitants, were included in the districts outside. Similarly, the same cities may not be shown in the same group' at each census. Tulsa, which in 1910 was in the group report- ing a population of from 10,000 to 25,000, had ad- vanced to the group having an estimated population of from 25,000 to 100,000 in 1914. The table shows that for 1914 the nine cities which contained 11.7 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 23.5 per cent of the total number of estabhshments ; 35.3 , per cent of the total average number of wage earners; 35.6 per cent of the total value of products; and 32.6 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. A comparison of the totals for the cities in 1914 with those for 1909 and 1899 shows increases at each successive census for each item, a condition similar to that which prevailed in the dis- tricts outside the cities. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the nine cities having more than 10,0q|D)ji^'^]^g)t^M measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 12. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 12 CITT. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 19U 1909 1904 1914, 1908 1901 Oklahoma City Tulsa 2,226 845 828 283 845 337 185 433 171 1,398 462 381 303 806 364 282 720 ■■■■333' $20,725,811 3,868,326 2,754,811 2,610,633 2,597,965 1,719,676 853,485 604,457 573,511 $7,867,884 1,562,642 2,279,151 2,453,188 1,940,823 1,866,959 1,442,795 $3,670,730 Enid Shawnee 1 Chlckasha Guthrie 1,200,662 Sapulpa McAlester 180 451,234 1 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because certain establish- ments revised their reports lor that census. Oklahoma City, the largest city in the state, reported $20,725,811 as the value of the products of its manu- facturing industries in 1914. This amoimt represented 20.3 per cent of the total for the state and 57.1 per cent of the total for the nine cities. The* principal indus- tries were printing and pubhshing, slaughtering and meat packing, and the manufacturing of flour-mill and gristmill products. In Tulsa, the manufacture of foundry and machine-shop products was the chief industry. Petroleum refining and the manufactixre of t^0P0S®#@ gristmill and planing mill products were also important industries. MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 1235 In Muskogee steam-railroad repair shops, flour mills and gristmills, and the refining of petroleum, were the principal industries; in Enid, poultry killing and dressing and flour mills and gristmills; in Shawnee, flour mills and gristmills and steam-railroad repair shops; in Chickasha, flour miUs and gristnulls, cotton- seed-oil mflls, and steam-railroad repair shops ; in Guth- rie, flour miUs and gristmills, cottonseed-oil mills, and the printing and publishing of newspapers and periodi- cals; in Sapulpa, steam-raUroad repair shops; and in McAlester, cottonseed-oU nulls. Character of ownership. — Table 13 presents sta^ tistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 13 INDUSTBT AMD CUT. All industries. . Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Flouivmill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Ice, manufactured Lumber and timOser prod- mcts. Fetroleum, refining Printing and publishing. Smelting and refining, zinc. Total for cities. CmCEASHA. Enid GUTHEIE , UcAlesteb Muskogee Oklahoma City Sapiiipa SHA'WIIEE Tdma Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1904 I9I4 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 NTTMBEB OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BT — Indi- vid- uals. 1,533 1,257 635 117 106 211 198 443 397 281 Cor- tions. 549 501 242 201 All oth- ers. 436 552 246 VO 41 103 84 114 AVEBAGE NUMBEB OF WAGE EABNEBS. Total. 17,443 13,143 5,456 1,718 1,412 700 842 457 528 449 2,651 3,175 516 75 1,619 1,-" 1,641 566 6,153 337 283 185 171 2,226 433 845 845 In establishments owned by — Indi- vid- uals. 3,008 3,113 1,. — 97 105 251 125 25 21 1,034 1,094 647 19 34 43 26 92 202 45 82 203 Cor- pora- tions. 13,037 8,225 3,366 11,718 1,412 508 590 525 240 435 1,295 1,371 516 2 75 780 1,641 566 5,003 293 225 128 120 1,861 369 750 563 All oth- ers. 1,398 1,805 701 95 147 110 30 322 710 151 271 404 25 24 14 25 42 163 19 13 79 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 17.2 23.7 25.5 13.9 12.5 28.3 27.4 4.7 4.7 39.0 34.5 37.6 38.1 12.1 5.6 12.0 23.2 15.2 11.1 9.1 10.4 9.7 24.0 Cor- pora- tions. 74.7 62.6 61.7 1 100.0 100.0 72.6 70.1 59.3 52.5 82.4 48.8 43.2 100.0 noo.o 53.1 45.9 100.0 100.0 81.3 79.5 69.2 70.2 83.8 85.2 88.8 66.6 All 0th- 8.0 13.7 12.8 13.6 17.5 12.4 20.1 12.9 6.7 12.1 22.4 16.0 6.6 7.4 8.5 7.6 14.6 5.1 7.3 4.4 1.6 VALUE OF PBODUCTS. Total. $102,005,693 53,682,405 24,459,107 2,270,374 1,701,851 16,688, 19,144,475 3,173,342 1,371,463 1,604,146 1,272,515 4,113,522 4,438,563 13,014,372 1,055,011 4,023,851 3,988,542 9,938,743 3,002,233 36,308,575 1,719,676 2,610,533 853,485 573,511 2,754,811 20,725,811 604,457 2,597,965 3,868,326 Of establishments owned by— Individ- uals. $8,048,451 7,699,080 4, 173, 454 1,086,923 1,387,666 873,033 318, 170 76,958 44,484 968,830 1,170,314 1,277,341 1,233,929 2,366,804 63,059 106,015 110,715 72,657 227,467 730,011 102,387 182,719 771,774 Corpora- tions. $88,689,116 39,390,339 17,401,144 •2,270,374 1,701,851 14,022,694 15,244,212 2,042,397 1,336,366 1,156,376 2,398,690 2,336,840 13,014,372 ! 1,055, Oil 2,346,202 2, 197, 781 9,938,743 3,002,233 32,386,701 1,592,330 2,412,498 706,639 410,347 2,345,000 19,462,231 416, 467 2,334,728 2,707,461 All others. $5, 268, 126 6,592,986 2,884,509 1,579,073 2,612,597 257,912 366,465 190,832 72,656 746,002 931,409 400,308 656,832 1,555,070 64,287 92,020 37,131 90,507 182,344 633,569 85,603 80,618 389,091 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 7.9 14.3 17.1 6.6 7.2 27.5 23.2 4.8 3.5 23.6 26.4 31.7 6.5 3.7 4.1 13.0 12.7 8.3 3.5 16.9 7.0 20.0 Cor- pora- tions. 73.4 71 1100.0 100.0 84.0 79.6 64.4 50.1 83.3 90.8 68.3 52.6 100.0 noo.o 58.3 55.1 100.0 100.0 19.2 92.6 92.4 82.7 71.5 85.1 93.9 70.0 AU oth- ers. 5.2 12.3 11.8 9.5 13.1 8.1 26.7 11.9 6.7 18.1 21.0 9.9 14.0 4.3 3.7 3.5 4.4- 15.8 6.6 2.6 14.2 3.1^ 10.0 1 Includes the gronp."indiTiduals," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes the group "all others," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. For all industries combined, this table shows an increase ui the number of estabUshments at each of the two five-year periods for both individual and cor- porate forms of ownership. "All others," which in- cludes firms and cooperative organizations, shows a decrease during the later five-year period. In 1914 corporations, with but 21 .8 per cent of the total num- ber of estabUshments in the state, reported 74.7 per cent of the average number of wage earners and 86.9 per cent of the total value of products. In 1909 and 1904, although the nmnber of estabhshments under corporate ownership formed practically the same pro- portions of the total — 21.7 per cent and 21.5 per cent, respectively — the corresponding proportions of the total value of products were consideraHy less — 7^.4'in 1909 and 71.1 in 1904. Utg 111260 Oy In both 1914 and 1909 the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the eight industries for which separate statistics are given is shown for establishments under corporate ownership. This con- dition prevailed also in each of the nine cities shown for 1914. For estabhshments in the cities taken as a group, 34 per cent are under corporate ownership, a greater percentage than for the state as a whole. In Oklahoma City only 6.1 per cent of the value of prod- ucts was reported by estabhshments not incorporated. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large estabhsh- ments is indicated by the statistics given in Table 14. In 1914, 152 establishments, or 6.1 per cent of the .total numb^in the state, each reported products ex- ^lMeKQ§^W^OO in value, as compared with 106, or 1236 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 4.6 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 60, or 5.3 per cent, in 1904. In 1914 these establishments reported 58.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 79.5 per cent of the total value of products, and 66.1 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small estab- lishments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although representing 55.7 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only 3.1 per' cent of the total value of products and 6.5 per cent of the value added by manufacture. For the establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over, large actual increases in the value of products are shovra from census to census, but the proportions which they formed of the total showed a slight decrease during the earlier five-year period and a marked increase durmg the later — ^from 58 per cent in 1904 to 57.3 per cent in 1909 and 79.5 per cent in 1914. Table 14 NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NtmBER OF -WAGE EARNERS. VALtTE or PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. VALDE or PKODUCT. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 2,518 2,310 1,123 17,443 13,143 5,456 $102,005,693 $53,682,405 $24,459,107 $31,035,943 $19,529,511 $8,065,155 Less than $5,000 ■ 1,403 707 256 138 14 1,182 727 295 102 4 612 326 125 60 1,618 2,576 3,065 7,233 2,951 1,668 2,863 3,908 4,406 298 760 1,382 1,460 1,854 3,168,934 6,824,096 10,885,671 37,784,338 43,342,654 2,675,597 7,194,668 13,057,308 25,870,562 4,884,270 1,430,330 3,124,083 5,720,660 14,184,034 2, 012, .505 3,783,033 4,718,895 11,361,682 9,159,928 1,792,560 4,142,194 5,877,865 7,001,117 715,775 999,358 $5,000 to J20,000 1,847,463 $20,000 to $100,000 2, 188, .556 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 3,029,278 PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 55.7 28.1 10.2 6.5 0.6 51.2 31.5 12.8 4.4 0.2 54.5 29.0 11.1 5.3 9.3 14.8 17.6 41.5 16.9 12.7 21.8 29.7 33.5 2.3 13.9 25.3 26.8 34.0 3.1 6.7 10.7 37.0 42.5 5.0 13.4 24.3 48.2 9.1 5.8 12.8 23.4 58.0 6.5 12.2 15.2 36.6 29.5 9.2 21.2 30.1 35.8 3.7 12.4 $5,000 to $20,000 22.9 $20,000 to $100,000 27.1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 37.6 Table 15 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for seven of the more important industries, a classification of estab- lishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 14 for aU industries combined. Table 15 number of estab- lishments. average number of wage earners. VALUE OF products. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. INDUSTRY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per Cent ■ distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 FLOXJR-MILL and GRISTMILL PRODUCTS '. . 253 295 100.0 100.0 700 842 100.0 100.0 $16,688,690 $19,144,475 100.0 100.0 $2,321,724 $2,651,580 100. 100.0 Less than $5,000 101 72 48 29 3 122 82 108 63 39 3 64 39.9 28.5 19.0 11.5 1.2 ibo.o- 27.8 36.6 21.4 13.2 1.0 100.0 34 79 120 367 100 886 55 121 169 394 103 467 4.9 11.3 17.1 52.4 14.3 100.0 6.5 14.4 20.1 46.8 12.2 100.0 264,261 782,774 1,940,908 9,904,516 3,796,231 3,173,342 240,320 1,147,394 3,000,735 11,042,152 3,713,874 1,371,463 1.6 4.7 11.6 59.3 22.7 100.0 1.3 6.0 15.7 67.7 19.4 100.0 65,436 163,306 322,945 1,321,452 448,585 1,499,416 62,056 231,804 491,723 1,403,929 472,068 784,784 2.8 7.0 13.9 56.9 19.3 100.0 2.0 $5,000 to $20,000 .». 8.7 $20,000 to $100,000. . 18.5 $100,000 to $1,000,000 52.9 $1,000,000 and over 17.8 Foundry and machine-shop 100.0 Less than $5,000 48 40 25 9 97 21 27 13 3 77 39.3 32.8 20.5 7.4 100.0 32.8 42.2 20.3 4.7 100.0 66 199 256 365 528 33 121 139 164 449 7.4 22.5 28.9 41.2 100.0 7.2 26.5 30.4 35.9 100.0 122,725 388,734 967,795 1,694,088 1,604,146 58,638 319,347 513,010 480,468 1,272,515 3.9 12.2 30.5 53.4 100.0 4.3 23.3 37.4 35.0 100.0 91,225 261,064 469,669 677,458 1,202,018 38,401 211,194 317,771 217,418 965,459 6.1 17.4 31.3 45.2 100.0 4.9 $5,000 to $20,000- 26.9 $20,000 to $100,000 40.5 $100,000 to $1,000,000. 27.7 Ice, maitofactured... 100.0 Less than $5,000 20 55 22 284 13 45 19 342 20.6 56.7 22.7 100.0 16.9 58.4 24.7 100.0 17 220 291 2,651 19 191 239 3,175 3.2 41.7 55.1 100.0 4.2 42.5 53.2 100.0 44,566 643,636 915,944 4,113,522 38,766 613,581 720,168 4,438,563 2.8 40.1 57.1 100.0 3.0 40.4 56.6 100.0 29,866 474,750 697,402 2,428,260 24,032 399,064 542,363 2,951,317 2.5 39.5 58.0 100.0 2.5 $5,000 to $20,000 41.3 $20,000 to $100,000 56.2 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 100.0 Less than $5,000 191 65 20 8 60 200 92 42 8 39 67.3 22.9 7.0 2.8 100.0 68.5 26.9 12.3 2.3 100.0 665 ■ 497 368 1,121 851 664 744 995 772 581 25.1 18.7 13,9 42.3 100.0 20.9 23.4 31.3 24.3 100.0 429,734 617,804 733,685 2,332,299 7,589,813 448,807 894,724 1,662,859 1,432,173 5,186,605 10.4 15.0 17.8 56.7 100.0 10.1 20.2 37.5 32.3 100.0 344,762 391,607 411,397 1,280,494 1,306,410 372,516 676,469 1,104,358 797,974 941,106 14.2 16.1 16.9 52.7 100.0 12.6 $5,000 to $20,000 22.9 $20,000 to $100,000 37.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 27.0 On., cottonseed, and cake.. 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 7 18 35 23 '"iV 22 9 11.7 30.0 58.3 100.0 "ih'.i' 66.4 100.0 20 168 663 516 "m 415 75 2.4 19.7 77.9 100.0 "28.'6" 71.4 100.0 80,153 1,047,990 6,461,670 13,014,372 1.1 13.8 85.1 100.0 "2i.'6' 78.4 100.0 22,531 177, 795 1,106,084 3,423,635 1.7 13.7 84.7 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 1,120,181 4,066,424 1,055,011 217,379 723,727 479,538 23.1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 76.9 Petroleum, refining 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 1 6 12 5 624 5 4 598 26.1 52.2 21.7 100.0 66.6 44.4 100.0 29 270 217 1,619 26 49 1,698 6.6 52.3 42.1 100.0 34.7 65.3 100.0 305,091 5,166,311 7,542,970 4,023,851 159,561 895,450 2.3 39.7 58.0 100.0 15.1 84.9 100.0 79,428 1,468, .562 1,875,645 3,100,410 52,442 427,096 2.3 42.9 54.8 100.0 24.8 27.4 21.5 26.3 10.9 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Printinq and publishing. . . 3,988,542 2,984,419 100.0 Less than $5,000 467 130 21 6 436 133 26 3 74.8 20.8 3.4 1.0 §1 0.5 336 5® 152 27.3, 20.8 mi 9.0 961, m 1,048,621 966,088 3H, 198, 006 >1, 094, 833 729,615 23.9 27.0 23.0 26.1 24.2 30.0 27.4 18.3 767,796 850,913 666,869 814,832 784,130 943,119 828,820 428,350 26.3 31.6 27.8 14.4 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 > Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000." MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. 1237 In 1914 more than 90 per cent of the value of prod- ucts for the petroleum-refining, and more than 80 per cent of the flour-miU and gristmill, and cottonseed-oil industries was reported by estabhshments each of which had products valued at $100,000 or more. The wage earners employed in these establishments represented 94.4 per cent, 66.7 per cent, and 77.9 per cent, respec- tively, of the total mmiber reported by each industry. The petroleum-refining industry, which reported no establishment in 1909 with a product of over $1,000,000 in value, in 1914 shows five such establish- ments with a combined product of $7,542,970. Lumber and timber products, reporting 8 establish- ments with products in the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000" in both 1914 and 1909, shows a substan- tial increase in the average size of the establishments, not only in regard to value of products, but number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Table 16 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined, in each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 14 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state for all industries com- bined, namely, a preponderance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture, for estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentage of total vfilue of products reported by estabhshments in this class, 87.3, appears for Oklahoma City, the principal manufacturing city of the state, while Shawnee, fifth among the manufacturing cities and with 86.1 per cent of its products in this class, reports the highest per- centages for average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture — 84.5 and 75.8, respectively. Table 16 CITY AND VALUE OF PEOD0CT. i 2; WAGE EAKNEK3. VALUE or PKODUCTS. VAUTE ADDED BY MANUFAO- TUBE. aiY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. i •WAGE EARNERS. VAiUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFAC- TUKE. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent ot total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 29 337 100.0 $1,719,676 100.0 '$443,038 100.0 Oklahoma City 195 2,226 100.0 $20,725,811 100.0 $4,494,022 Less than $5,000 11 11 4 3 45 6 41 41 249 283 1.8 12.2 12.2 73.9 100.0 23,529 120,942 164,396 1,410,809 2,610,633 1.4 7.0 9.6 ■82.0 100.0 13, 145 50,582 86,367 292,944 562,081 3.0 11.4 19.5 66.1 100.0 67 61 44 23 30 45 222 554 1,405 433 2.0 10.0 24.9 63.1 100.0 156,102 617,133 1,867,057 18,086,619 604,467 0.7 3.0 9.0 87.3 100.0 109,061 411,236 877,344 3,096.381 369,884 2.4 $5,000 to 120,000 $5,000 to $20,b00 9 2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Enid $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over a 19.5 68. » 100.01 T 1909- 1914. 25.4 9.5 28.6 19.0 26.2 33.8 33.0 33.9 24.6 69. 1 79.3 39.4 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Oklahoma ranked twenty-first among the states in amount received for work done and twenty- fifth in number of persons engaged in the industry, having advanced since 1909 from twenty-second and twenty-sixth places, respectively. The table shows tucreases in all the items given, those in receipts for work done and in average number of wage earners amoimting to 39.4 per cent and 28.6 per cent, respec- tively. In character of organization individual own- ership formed the largest class at both censuses, 49 estabhshments being reported in 1914 as against 47 in 1909. The number of estabhshments under corporate ownership increased from 19 in 1909 to 25 in 1914, while the number under "all other" forms of owner- ship showed no change, being 27 in both years. In the amount received for work done each class showed an increase, but the percentage of increase reported by corporations was much the greatest, 99.6 per cent as against 13 per cent for individuals, and 8.1 per cent for aU other forms. Microsoft® 1242 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. Table 26 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest nimiber reported for any month of the year. Table 26 January... February. March April May June July August.... September October. . . November December. WAGE EAENEK3. Number. 1911 1,326 1,332 1,352 1,379 1,393 1,459 1,510 1,492 1,486 1,452 1,417 1,396 1909 995 1,022 1,040 1,064 1,099 1,160 1,167 1,179 1,171 1,151 1,167 Per cent of maximum. 1914 87.8 88.2 89.6 91.3 92.2 96.6 100.0 98.8 98.4 96.2 93.8 92.4 1909 84.2 84.4 86.7 88.2 90.2 93.2 98.4 99.0 100.0 99.3 97.6 99.0 Table 27 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 28 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 27 NDMBEK OF HOBSEFOWES. POWEB. MOTORS. Amount. Percent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Primary power, total 212 250 1,766 1,484 19.0 Owned 88 76 10 2 124 124 184 176 8 66 66 1,345 1,255 82 8 421 421 1,248 1,195 tf 53 7.8 Steam eneines and turbines Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors S.0 Rented. . 236 231 5 78.4 Electric 82.3 other 129 124 5 69 66 3 443 421 22 244 236 8 81.6 Rented 78.4 Generated by establishment reporting. 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 28 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 crease,' 1909-1914. Ton, 2,240 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs Barrels 1,292 9,161 550 188 1,220,414 696 9,377 85.6 Bituminous cnaj -2.3 Coke Oil, including gasoline Gas 1,346 224,175 -86.0 1,000 cubic feet.... 444.4 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. GENERAL TABLES. Table 29 givep, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and ia the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabi- tants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 30 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in the cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 29.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. UJUTTSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. IND0STEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 2,518 17,443 97,308 $11,011 $70,970 $102,006 Clothing, men's, in- 1914 6 207 68 $84 $262 $417 1909 2,310 13,143 71,139 7,240 34,153 53,682 cluding shirts. 1909 3 113 18 42 126 194 1904 1,123 5,456 29,608 2,799 16,394 24,459 Coffee, roasting and grinding. 60 18 171 69 28 9 618 429 757 500 Bread and other bakery 1914 342 697 569 381 1,581 2,774 1909 4 products. 1909 252 418 223 262 969 1,794 1904 121 157 27 88 410 692 Confectionery 1914 37 57 86 32 165 295 1909 11 39 26 16 59 115 Brick 1914 1909 23 38 402 730 3,231 3,733 217 378 129 226 496 1,029 1904 1 6 23 9 7 60 89 1904 50 401 3,029 186 128 510 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 72 141 94 99 241 474 iron work. 1909 62 233 46 184 411 799 Brooms, from broom 1914 36 97 115 53 107 227 1904 18 69 52 107 215 com. 1909 23 76 51 43 145 248 1904 12 42 20 19 31 72 Flour-mill and grist- 1914 253 700 14,050 420 14,367 16,689 mill products. 1909 295 842 16,400 473 16,,493 W;i87 19,144 Butter 1914 14 46 282 28 673 809 1904 108 617 9,013 331 12,019 1909 19 62 427 36 928 1,150 1904 3 11 91 6 66 89 Food preparations, not 1914 11 41 470 18 143 220 elsewhere specified. 1909 8 40 556- 24 104 175 Cars and general shop 1914 13 1,718 954 1,155 956 2,270 construction and re- 1909 8 1,412 957 942 642 1,702 Foundry and machine- 1914 S122 886 2,443 676 1,674 3,173 pairs by steam-rail- 1904 4 274 130 184 322 528 shop products. 1909 64 457 1,113 320 587 1,371 road companies. 1904 26 121 332 77 76 233 ' Excludes statistics fer two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes "automobile repairmg"; "gas machines and gas and water meters": "hardware": "hardware, saddlery" not made in steel works or roUmg mills." r>- -j.- i i n /i- ri.f~^ Digitized by Microsoft® "pumps, steam"; and "structural Ironwoi*:,' MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. Table 29 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1243 DjnUSTRT AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). mary horse- power. Wages. Ciost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age mmi- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Ice, manufactured 1914 97 528 15,195 {353 $402 $1,604 Petroleum, refining 1914 23 516 3,304 $432 $9,591 $13,014 1909 77 449 10,359 270 307 1,273 1909 9 75 231 54 675 1,055 1904 44 197 5,348 107 121 528 * Printing and publish- 1914 2 624 1,619 2,588 1,022 923 4,024 Xumher and timber 1914 1284 2,651 12,799 1,308 1,685 4,114 mg. 1909 598 1,698 1,664 1,044 ^'52^ 3,989 products. 1909 1904 342 60 3,175 458 12,397 2,361 1,269 245 1,487 437 4,439 1,017 1904 423 1,139 652 574 473 2,101 Saddlery and harness. . . 1914 30 64 39 43 240 368 3Iarble and stone work. 1914 55 142 453 96 122 340 1909 15 66 26 62 226 375 1909 41 147 257 111 187 418 1904 14 6S 45 153 280 1904 11 63 95 34 34 106 Smelting and refining. 1914 6 1,641 4,143 1,310 7,879 9,939 Mattresses and spring 1914 11 75 259 42 164 268 zmc. 1909 3 586 1,181 343 2,133 3,002 beds. 1909 7 49 151 30 99 153 1914 108 122 222 70 210 472 Wall plaster.. 1914 1909 6 11 151 259 1,347 1,721 89 142 104 165 313 illneial and soda waters. 435 1909 105 143 183 64 145 455 1904 85 77 395 34 34 131 1904 67 121 108 49 90 284 All other industries 1914 279 4,041 18,411 2,695 22,451 31,359 ■Oil, cottonseed, and 1914 60 851 16,315 360 6,283 7,590 1909 276 1,495 8,630 897 2,461 4,680 cake. 1909 1904 .39 24 581 496 10,720 6,005 235 182 4,245 2,353 5,187 3,109 1904 127 1,125 1,993 579 1,312 2,456 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. OEXAHOMA CITY— All industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 195 171 89 2,226 1,398 720 9,172 4,132 $1,353 973 422 $16,232 5,146 2,362 $20,726 7,868 3,671 OKLAHOMA CITY- Continued. Lumber, planiug-mill products, including wooden-box factories. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Printing and publish- ing. All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904. 5 8 4 = 13 8 3 2 53 44 18 85 80 46 85 150 71 27 11 8 426 367 116 1,191 623 394 389 277 34 8 505 347 6,555 2,089 $60 106 34 17 6 3 256 288 70 748 395 233 $140 193 142 48 9 6 349 419 80 12,498 2,375 999 $215 388 232 111 35 24 1,269 1,269 328 15,055 3,502 1,676 JBread and other bakery products. 3'lour-mill and gristmill products. Toundry and machine- shop products. 16 17 9 6 7 3 «17 7 6 283 85 29 81 75 47 133 87 55 229 39 1,195 1,187 265 185 130 59 19 60 56 28 82 63 35 602 214 49 2,468 1,839 1,049 227 97 37 848 365 88 2,746 2,087 1,227 482 222 96 CITIES or 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 29 30 45 65 30 34 34 33 29 337 364 283 303 185 282 333 171 180 1,633 1,488 1,715 1,722 1,211 1,281 1,111 895 $235 242 175 191 116 163 186 101 101 $1,277 1,285 2,048 1,807 563 948 701 298 195 $1,720 1,867 2,611 2,453 853 1,443 1,201 574 451 Muskogee 1914 1909 1914 1914 1909 1914 1909 80 64 30 46 8 40 103 53 828 381 '433 845 806 845 462 2,220 1,421 670 2,059 1,831 3,030 1,586 $560 241 228 533 473 684 315 $1,573 1,478 235 1,808 1,165 2,170 874 $2,756 2,276 604 ■ Sapulpa Shawnee 2,598 Tulsa 1,941 3,888 1,563 HcAlesteb « Includes "boxes, wooden packing" and " lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." 'Includes "bookbindmg and blank-book making" and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing." "~ ... - .. ■■ closure of individual operations. ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure * Includes " automobile repairing " ; '*gas machines and gas and water meters"; 'Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ^ ^ ^ ' Figures do not agree with those published because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. hardware " ; and "structural ironwoik, not made in steel works or rolling mQls.' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1244 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. Table 30.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOB THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST EEPRBSENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- ma'.e. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. AU industries.. Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbmding and blank-book making Boxes, woodien packing Bread and other bakery products. Brick Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning, fruits and vegetables — Carpets, rag Carriages, wagons, and repairs , Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. . Explosives Flour-mill and gristmill products . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Cereals and table foods, maca- roni, and other food products for human consumption. For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine shops Boiler shops Foundries Furniture, metal, and store and office fixtures. Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass Ice, manufactured Lime Lumber and timber products. . Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds. Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving Printingandpublishing,bookandjob. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printmg. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Smelting and refining, zinc. Tobacco, cigars Wall plaster All other industries* 43 16 12 3 3 342 23 36 14 37 61 72 6 253 5 12 97 3 226 55 55 11 108 60 13 3 3 23 3 76 542 15 494 33 30 6 38 6 72 22, 700 126 71 45 11 40 1,155 464 149 75 18 5 64 72 79 301 111 190 247 96 1,265 61 38 23 1,031 957 33 41 50 60 1,321 783 21 2,622 472 233 101, 268 1,110 37 118 7 736 21 462 2,226 427 1,747 52 100 1,702 137 187 2,728 2,464 1,105 48 21 14 2 1 409 7 44 17 2 107 42 65 87 2 245 58 71 8 130 11 528 10 499 19 32 "44' "45' 1,363 39 14 9 11 100 5 3 21 123 4 52 28 3 10 8 165 36 133 15 6 9 7 7 169 3 2 1 88 87 15 129 34 171 79 82 10 9 45 2 18 245 335 17, 443 75 44 27 7 34 697 402 97 46 16 1 46 58 1,718 60 156 57 99 141 73 700 41 26 16 785 727 22 36 39 44 1,270 528 17 2,245 372 142 75 122 851 16 100 5 516 18 292 1,318 283 1,029 54 1,641 88 151 2,317 Oc 18,0 My Au Jy De'' D6« Au Je No< Je< Au De< /o4 109 53 42 8 35 725 534 103 53 Au 2,006 De 71 Ap Ja Se 60 164 155 103 761 Se Au* 36 28 Ap 819 Se 27 Je* 45 Fe* 45 Je 47 Ap 1,793 Jy 907 Mh* 22 Fe 2,421 Je 440 Te 168 De 91 Au* 209 De 1,718 No* Je W Ja Mh De 18 130 6 601 19 313 De 294 Oo 1,068 De* No Se De* Ja 8 57 1,770 104 178 Au 16,902 Ja Js Fe* Fe* Je* Fe De Jy Ja* Des Au6 Ja* Je 35 35 15 6 33 656 206 Ja 1,390 Ja 55 My* 55 De* 53 No 124 De 38 My* 660 Fe Ja 16 No 625 De 16 Ja 25 Se* 34 Oo 39 Au 633 Ja 242 Au' 14 De 1,971 De Ja Au Ja Je Je* Ja («) My My Au 123 59 56 190 15 60 5 495 17 Jy* 273 979 Jy* 52 Je 1,575 Jy 74 Oc 131 (.') 120 61 32 8 36 753 607 112 47 91 4 47 1,653 71 196 67 129 148 74 772 63 30 33 763 708 20 35 46 1,805 759 3,124 352 147 101 188 1,730 17 126 5 520 18 322 1,374 1,080 8 69 1,711 116 142 m 120 61 22 4 32 570 606 107 40 10 4 47 1,649 37 170 44 126 144 74 772 51 19 32 760 706 20 35 37 1,702 761 24 3,123 348 146 85 171 1,730 10 126 4 520 17 256 1,093 261 824 59 1,711 64 142 m 10 102 3 58 186 23 163 P) {») $65,477,664 168,311 84,303 30,465 11,598 39,036 1,304,776 1,484,030 136,406 563,799 7,635 1,375 66,389 146,826 1,622,741 191,192 481,642 92,925 388,717 270,480 649,167 6,608,081 133,803 74,662 69,141 3,036,826 2,942,272 19,320 75,233 73,291 1,478,718 1,650,679 3,714,982 39,451 3,386,568 816,559 425,607 188,282 403,945 6,465,224 31,525 51,483 6,800 8,656,725 17,077 768,106 2,845,391 690,544 2,130,406 24,441 163,288 5,054,062 69,787 913,851 11,439,394 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements > Includes rented power, other than electric. ' No figures given for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms." Artificial limbs. Automobile bodies and parte Baking powders Bluing Bone and carbon black Boots and shoes (leather leggings) Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Carriage and wagon materials 3 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies... 1 Cement 2 Clothing, men's and youths' 3 Cordage and twine 1 Druggists, pr^^g^^g.^.^.^1^ Engraying, steel and copper plate, iacluding plate printing 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas machines and gas and water meters 1 Hair work 1 'liMt-mbft® ' Hardwxire a Hardware, saddlery 1 Hats, fur-felt { Hats, wool-felt J Hons6;fnnilshing goods, not eisewhere specffled j^ Iron and steel, steel wwks androiiine mills ^___ I MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1245. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Hent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. H, 706, 418 SI, 495, 914 111,011,043 $307,885 $358,704 $551,026 $68,162,836 $2,816,914 $102,005,693 $31,035,943 97,308 70,803 16,181 256. 10,068 13,692 1 1,200 3,700 3,300. 1,200 5,280 9,330 41,975 2,274 14,939 280 30O 1,180 600 400 720 32,741 18,073 5,800 8,860 34,867 29,285 12,298 4,472 31,664 381,488 216,602 52,734 27,616 2,752 330 32,072 48,310 1,155,357 27,531 90,630 31,811 58,819 98,669 79,523 420,049 17,596 8,518 9,078 605,442 667,974 16,008 22,460 27,465 23,088 991,968 353,447 3,866 949,505 326,735 96,287 42,269 69,877 359,968 9,790 48,481 3,940 432,005 16,055 212,912 803,255 162,547 638,392 2,316 42,814 1,309,606 43,109 88,980 1,387,474 625 7,502 2,685 1,110 340 61,326 1,106 3,054 2,900 2,035 1,602 397 112 897 15,692 7,434 1,634 2,111 65 28 900 1,766 29,369 3,768 6,070 1,139 4,931 3,126 5,495 57,097 1,769 629 1,140 23,312 22,678 270 364 184 7,405 7,361 49,697 264 44,231 10,396 4,188 1,828 5,514 74,052 353 921 570 69,328 111 7,422 33,053 8,574 24,234 245 2,717 19,227 15,369 4,623 37,662 56,097 36,919 41,875 4,475 19,119 1,519,691 34,826 105,308 664,980 4,117 415 22,010 41,204 873,502 615,381 516,609 161,475 356,134 238,778 317,416 14,206,706 138,712 45,153 93,559 1,450,102 1,433,840 6,703 9,559 63,368 8,688 646,-137 163,558 5,566 847,076 781,802 114,663 160,848 204,756 6,121,638 26,340 11,990 9,125 9,348,984 2,900 199,681 661,786 227,774 427,266 6,746 238,366 6,874,339 79,361 65,450 20,610,183 541 2,036 476 199 487 61,105 94,628 1,848 8,317 107 97 1,797 1,380 82,243 2,985 25,145 3,394 21,751 2,604 2,703 160,260 3,849 1,033 2,816 64,523 60,835 449 3,239 1,976 43,268 74,671 238,570 3,735 26,881 9,897 7,326 3,229 4,822 161,766 107 10,873 55 241,753 534 9,688 43,693 7,210 36,427 56 1,241 1,005,115 697 38,103 371,585 137,391 119,746 79,606 14,536 67,316 2,773,811 495,903 227,224 808,978 10,708 2,925 84,678 98,215 2,270,374 756,677 931,257 294,504 636,753 474,484 538,016 16,688,690 219,622 84,739 134,783 2,856,571 2,770,362 38,995 47,214 109,570 146,795 2,005,736 1,604,146 16,680 2,729,391 1,316,815 339,575 268,378 472,235 7,589,813 62,036 90,796 22,900 13,014,372 27,684 760,477 3,237,734 903,701 2,237,832 96,201 367,701 9,938,743 182,765 313,216 27,731,609 80,753 80,791 37,155 9,861 47,710 1,193,015 366,449 120,068 135,681 6,484 2,413 60,871 56,631 1,314,629 138,311 389,503 129,636 259,868 233,102 217,896 2,321,724 76,961 38,553 38,408 1,341,946 1,275,687 31,843 '34,416 44,236 94,839 1,285,928 1,202,018 7,379 1,856,434 525,116 217,586 104,301 262,657 1,306,410 36,689 67,933 13,720 3,423,635 24,250 651,108 2,632,255 668,717 1,774,139 89,399 128,095 2,059,289 102,707 209,663 6,749,841 90 79 14 8 95 569 3,231 115 282 51 18 81 125 954 171 1,386 86 1,300 94 477 14,060 470 78 392 2,209 2,106 19 84 113 352 1,291 15,195 65 11,124 1,580 453 259 222 16,315 7 625 2 3,304 21 449 1,829 344 1,485 4 69 9 17 70 14 8 20 523 168 60 93 ■■■■799' 9. 200 50 3 4 5 - 75 10 2,230 2 185 51 12' 6 36 833 53 4 7 8 9 79 10 11 10 110 3,249 8 22 10 47 125 415 166 389 86 303 71 40 54' 54' ■■■■386' 591 86' 86 40 535 589 12 1,800 3,195 57,281 8,760 21,125 3,450 17,675 7,459 21,952 156,002 5,460 3,460 2,010 102,367- 100,183 600 978 73,347 16,959 11,978 5,029 6,949 4,635 - -10,253 197,187 4,6n 3,651 1,020 106,178 104,775 480 923 2,020 6,689 16,393 37,988 13 14 463 3 900 76 2 97 ^'i 3,510 19,762 12,658 7,104 10,836 2,646 3,865 2,418 2,055 363 13,965 13,146 798 21 1,246 16 541 8 533 726 17 18 900 2 477 8,927 325 50 275 426 426 97 21 19 20 ?1 120 18 3,428 100 90 1,605 45 28 17 1,260 1,172 19 69 23 46 136 319 22 23 ?4 18 4,075 3,604 100 523 508 25 26 27 28 2,184 5,500 6,632 32,159 123,594 2,169 83,544 33, MO 5,241 12,916 7,225 220,913 2,762. 12,780 471 35' 306 630 14,063 65 10,957 431 313 ii" 16,690 ■■■■545' 15 55 29 in 31 626 813 3? 2,196 1,028 33 34 66,042 13,166 8,120 3,980 5,030 70,168 2,080 6,898 185,418 2,310 9,328 400 175 1,395 880 8,378 3,292 2,817 8,491 1,310 2,028 11,055 750 1,354 1,690 32,496 106,340 18,936 85,586 1,818 10,356 64 239 63 66 89 366 6 80 113 i' 60 910 87 194 119 209 1 389 ' 146 80 ""'133' 35 36 37 38 39 40 11 4? '2 65 21 361 1,222 342 880 ""471' 6' 6' 43 229,478 166,763 13,624 1,887 1,352 44 '15 56,616 201,379 62,090 127,855 11,434 8,820 32,690 2,488 20,002 137,081 45,565 193,810 84,624 101,822 7,364 12,916 57,791 2,060 22,653 270,342 8,935 48,952 750 14,187 34,015 80 25 25' 8 682 2 580 46 47 48 49 5(1 39 4,143 "2,'467' 2 1,631 37 145 "i'reo" 51 52 26,633 4,168 1,347 14,004 1,145 8,061 202 4,878 42 6,532 2,700 21,216 1,065 55 * Same number reported for one or more other months. » None reported tor one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Jewelry 1 Lookjngi^Iass and picture frames 1 Hlrrors, named and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including paperpattems , 1 Paints 1 Poultry, killing and dressing 2 Printing and publishing, music 1 Puinps,steam 1 Roofing materials, other than metal. . 2 Shirts 3 Signs, other than electric 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 4 'D'lg'itized'b'y- Microsoft® stoves, gasandoil 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Trunks and valises 2 Vinegar and cider. 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 2 Wirework 2 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved.. 1 ■1246 MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. Table 30.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY, Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDCSTRT. EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. 1 Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. OKLAHOUA CITY— AH in- dustries. Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products. Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Lumber, planing-mill products, in- cluding wooden box foctories. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing, job work only. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, ciEirs All other industries * 2,968 330 62 27 127 20 154 54 100 10 44 27 24 263 368 22 1,327 156 176 57 308 154 102 2,226 5 283 43 18 81 10 104 34 85 7 34 19 13 176 247 13 1,054 Oc 2, 410 m 5 Jv 291 Jv 60 Je« 20 Se 88 Je 16 An 129 .TV 60 Au 107 Ja Ja Au« (•) Oc Oc< De 254 16 Fe 2, 135 4'> Fe De< Ja* My< Ja< Ja Ja4 Fe Ap« Au4 Ja« (') Fe Jy Se* 5 271 31 16 78 15 13 157 232 12 5 292 49 20 81 17 108 62 91 6 38 20 13 182 243 17 1,170 2,065 5 165 44 20 81 12 108 62 91 6 33 20 7 156 222 15 1,018 127 5 5 '"b 22 20 2 152 i9, 002, 332 57,700 521,025 226,462 29,190 1,120,692 60,431 406,129 427,129 28,050 102,578 96,927 14,145 479,451 645,957 6,717 4,622,311 * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Baking powders. Bluing.. Bookbinding and blank-book making. 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brick 1 Brooms, from broom corn 2 Butter 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriages and wagons 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Clothing, men's and youths' 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 4 Druggists' preparations 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 2 Gas, illuminating and heating. 1 Gas machines and gas and water meters 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 Chiceasha . . -. . 29 45 30 33 80 30 46 103 430 390 261 237 1,048 503 966 1,141 27 33 29 27 61 32 39 99 17 25 15 19 63 13 40 52 44 40 20 14 75 21 37 115 5 9 12 6 19 4 5 30 337 283 185 171 828 433 845 845 Oc No a Oc Ja Au Je Au Ap 406 315 206 190 895 488 991 939 Ja Fe Fe No Ja Au 243 238 162 150 737 390 560 784 419 340 217 224 950 441 899 910 405 303 160 209 862 415 . 774 863 14 36 38 12 84 15 109 43 $1,315,095 1,667^279 612,226 984,934 1,710,337 458,785 1,534,261 3,195,262 *> Enid 1 19 3 4 11 16 3 ...... s 4 McAlesteb n Muskogee 6 7 Shawnee R 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Sii MANUFACTURES— OKLAHOMA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1247 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. » Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 8299,057 J427,606 $1,352,668 $34,186 $89,283 $62,110 $16,041,650 $190,139 $20,725,811 $4,494,022 9,172 6,781 314 2,077 2,021 1 3,389 129,686 31,061 15,660 59,593 4,227 62,179 22,546 69,960 4,695 18,653 12,468 9,094 127,007 127,369 6,267 658,734 1,045 5,045 2,779 298 7,088 339 3,629 3,012 2,780 431 1,327 880 212 5,168 7,498 2,096 18,483 6,050 489,317 164,503 27,013 2,448,619 32,399 144,321 10,433 137,451 12,800 94,145 23, 186 21,427 126,635 209,019 14,415 12,081,017 24 12,617 16,711 310 19,203 763 6,817 14,348 2,678 508 1,175 1,116 77 5,474 5,788 157 103,383 13,674 848.467 315,259 53,255 2,745,636 53,927 362,231 90,782 215,202 22,936 147,018 69,211 61,894 447,004 811,444 29,775 14,458,096 8,600 346,633 134,046 26,932 277,814 20,776 212,093 66,001 75,073 9,628 51,698 34,909 30,390 314,995 596,637 15,203 2,273,696 2 229 883 11- 1,196 45 197 1,351 389 33 93 14 7 204 295 2 229 3 11 100 45 174 1 264 33 53 14 1 204 295 so" '"'275' 126 9, 4,960 11,000 25,210 6,961 125 47,606 1,880 31,545 5.227 2,420 4,166 3,270 1.350 502 1,653 7,290 48 1,400 300 1,920 1,504 1,311 18,914 20,237 206 25,212 S 880 4 500 5 22,990 2,660 26,550 13,148 10,340 975 120 6 18 632 7 "i,'356' 125 23 8 q 410 in n 8,996 1,680 40 1? 13 180 40,436 61,966 2,080 33,870 63,747 6 14 6,479 24,073 l^i 16 17 95,841 205,265 2,174 4,224 3,451 125 648 1,380 18 Hand stamps Hardware Jewelry Mirrors, framed and untramed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns Oil, cottonseed, and cake 3 Paints 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 3 Petroleum, refining 1 Photo-engraving 2 Roofing materials, other than metal. . 2 Saddlery and harness 2 Shirts 1 Signs, other than electric 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soap 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Wirework, barbed wire 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 33,366 25,038 26,536 88,253 21,460 67,952 111,884 $44,364 44,949 19,672 14,249 83,880 17,314 34,312 131,316 $234,605 176,489 115,738 101,126 560,181 227, 795 633,011 684,129 $2 280 4,106 725 950 6,936 $4,492 11,166 6,014 6,898 22,862 6,289 9,341 30,236 $11,486 14,753 9,074 9,771 38,987 4,420 11,880 24, 776 $1,231,861 1,998,703 647,008 272,682 1,505,662 219,385 1, 760, 787 2,112,684 $44,777 49,749 15,976 24,918 67,630 15,188 46, 765 66,896 $1,719,676 2,610,633 853,485 673,611 2,754,811 604,457 2,597,965 3,868,326 $443,038 562,081 290,501 275,911 1,181,619 369,884 790,423 1,698,746 1,633 1,715 1,211 1,111 2,220 670 2,059 3,030 1,313 1,247 970 964 1,162 579 1,243 1,546 62 102 5 16 159 13 10 327 256 366 236 131 78 806 1,157 40 125 20 4 130 9 Same numbef reported throughout the year. ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® OREGON. By Edwin Caklson. GENERAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Oregon was admitted to the Union in 1859. With a gross area of 96,699 square miles, of which 95,607 represent land surface, it ranks ninth in size among the states. In 1914 there were in Oregon 24,953 square miles in unap- propriated and unreserved pubhc lands of the United States, 24,345 square miles in national forests, and 1,889 square miles in Indian reservations. At the census of 1900 the population of the state was 413,536; at the census of 1910, 672,765; and its estimated pop- ulation in 1914 was 783,000. In total population Oregon ranked thirty-fifth among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked forty-first, with seven inhabitants per square nule, the corresponding number in 1900 being 4.3. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion re§idiQg ia incorporated places of 2,500 inhabit- ants or more — ^was 307,060, or 45.6 per cent of the total, as against 32.2 per cent in 1900. There were in Oregon in 1914 five cities— Astoria, Eugene, Medford, Port- land, and Salem — each having an estimated popula- tion of more than 10,000. These cities, whose aggre- gate popiilation formed 40 per cent of the total esti- mated population of the state id that year, reported 58.4 per cent of the value of its manufactiu-ed prod- ucts. Portland alone, which is estimated to have contained 33.3 per cent of the popidation of Oregon in 1914, reported 50.7 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. - The steam-railway mileagie in 1914 was 2,912, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 464. The Columbia River, with its tributaries and canal connec- tions, provides important transportation facihties for the northwestern part of the state. Agriculture is the leadiag industry. The value of all farm crops grown in 1909 amounted to $49,040,725, and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during the same year was $17,433,774. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Oregon's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $109,- 761,951, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 28,829. In "that year and also in 1909 the state ranked thirty- third in the former respect and thirty-fifth in the lat- ter. The output of manufactured products in Oregon in 1914 represented five-tenths of 1 per cent of the total for the United States, as measured by value; the corresponding proportion for both 1909 and 1904 was four-tenths of 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. With the exception of -proprietors and firm members which show a smaU decrease for the period 1909-1914 there is an increase for each successive census in all items, the per cent of increase, however, being greater for the five-year period 1904-1909. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . Sallied employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Safcries and wages Salaries Paid lor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products : Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . MANTTFACTXJKING IKBUSTEIES. »139, 1; 20. 109, 46, 2,320 35, 449 2,189 4,431 28,829 219, 222 500,379 614, 328 682,751 931,577 725,562 135,047 257, 821 761.961 504,130 1909 2,246 34,722 2,499 3,473 28,750 175,019 $89,081,873 23,949,428 4,047,494 19,901,934 576, 699 1, 418, 564 50,652,470 93,004,845 42,452,375 1904 1,602 22,018 1,726 1,769 18,523 81, 348 144,023,548 13, 576, 026 2,132,514 11,443,612 459,571 8 688, 506 30,596,763 56,525,123 24,923,360 1899 1,406 1,143 14,459 60,006 $28,359,089 8,044,171 1,222,160 6,822,011 20,788,833 36,592,714 15,803,881 PEB CENT OF INCIIEASE.' 1909- 1914 3.3 2.1 -12.4 27.6 0.3 25.3 56.6 11.1 40.4 5.2 25.8 60.5 25.1 18.0 9.5 1904- 1909 40.2 57.7 44.8 96.3 55.2 115.1 102.4 76.4 89.8 73.9 25.5 65.2 67.5 70.3 1899- 1904 13.9 54.8 28.1 35.6 55.2 68.8 74.5 67.7 47.2 51.7 67.7 > A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading I ages of increase for the three five-year periods from manufacturing industries in 1914 anji^ves perc^t- [i-S§9 to IQIAn 82101°— 18 79 1250 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. Table 2 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. CENSUS OF 1914. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. PER CENT OF INCBEASE.l Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 Value of products. 1909- 1911 1901- 1909 1899- 1901 Value added by manulitcture. 1909- 1911 1904 1909 1899- 1901 All industries Lmnber and timber products Flour-mill and gristmill products Blanghtering and meat packing Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. . . Printing and publishing Gannlng and preserving Fomidry and machine-shop products. Bread and other bakery products Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. - Ceis and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies J Coffee, roasting and grinding Ijqnors, malt Woolen goods Confectionery Gas, lllnmiuating and heating Furniture Leather goods Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- ified Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electno-railroad com- panies Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and other day products Awnings, tents and sails Confectianery (ice eream) Tobacco, cigars Ice, manufactured Marble and stonework Shipbuilding, including boat building. Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges . . . AU other industries 2,320 28,829 100.0 $109,761,951 100.0 $46,504,130 100.0 0.3 55.2 18.0 67.5 51.7 9.5 70.3 57.7 626 95 14 118 377 71 169 163 62 4 42 5 9 63 27 24 20 10 359 13,888 450 442 434 1,556 799 1,254 700 466 1,601 648 336 385 673 202 79 225 382 154 106 3,280 48.2 1.6 1.5 1.5 6.4 2.8 4.3 2.4 1.6 5.6 3 0.6 2.3 1.2 1.3 2.3 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.3 11.4 30,920,407 11,192,573 7,486,920 6,667,949 6,010,857 4,738,067 3,822,590 3,325,789 2,674,524 2,583,653 2,049,844 r, 810, 440 1,701,587 1,580,735 1,528,060 1,335,380 1,075,016 877,544 536,237 521,368 492,871 445,159 383,048 375.607 346,127 332,074 289,037 14,758,488 28.2 10.2 6.8 6.0 5.5 4.3 3.5 3.0 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 13.5 16,521,419 1,365,342 1,284,466 1,065,647 4,448,350 1,647,647 2,206,966 1,446,281 1,017,800 1,564,346 517,724 1,302,267 758,601 768,448 1,124,032 791, 182 402,477 252,780 231,733 355,992 305,268 167,936 234,864 257,273 200,033 217,626 159,759 6,887,892- 35.5 2.9 2.8 2.3 3.5 4 7 3.1 2.2 3.4 1.1 2.8 1.6 1.7 2.4 1.7 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.8 7 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.3 12.7 -7.8 14.2 20.8 3.3 6.6 20.9 18.9 14.2 8.1 106.0 76.0 -0.3 48.8 41.3 -6.0 43.0 43.3 25.0 34.1 42.6 -33.1 96.3 77.0 23.8 -7.4 38.2 18.7 48.1 21.9 -42.8 35.1 -17.1 112.8 U.O -15.8 24.3 114.6 4.,7 2.4 25.9 27.3 33.5 19.2 47.7 21.9 17.6 66.0 122.2 43.7 -2.6 83.2 30.1 68.1 22.0 -34.0 51.4 95.9 5.0 102.3 39.1 38.0 77.5 81.6 10.2 97.4 88.1 85.8 46.0 87.3 93.1 23.3 78.0 66.1 -10.2 220.6 38.5 76.1 63.4 56.6 15.1 81.3 164.2 42.3 7.1 11.5 48.6 10.1 13.0 61.6 32.9 19.7 31.2 139.1 55.6 -7.2 88.8 15.3 68.5 29.7 37.2 86.0 9.7 67.3 62.3 16.7 85.3 85.9 0.3 76.0 92.0 89.1 46.1 81.7 100.3 -25.6 U2.1 103.6 -25.3 179.8 90.1 35.0 67.1 105.4 62.2 27.4 24.5 110. ft 232.4 46.7 -0.8 45.8 20.0 -22.8 7.3 114.3 272.2 -31.5 109.8 106.3 333.1 32.6 -17.7 14 7 129.6 -19.2 46.3 16.6 -30.4 -17.7 19.7 18.4 171.2 87.1 60.6 152.5 -22.4 42.0 8.7 -20.1 -27.6 39.6 2.8 152.3: 81.1 36.9 85.7 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 29; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or when comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 27 industries, or industry groups, for each of which, products valued at more than $250,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceeding $30,000,- 000, and 1 exceeding $10,000,000, 3 with products be- tween $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 12 with products between* $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 10 with prod- ucts valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are the following which have products in excess of those shown in the table, but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibihty of dis- closing the operations of individual estabUshments: Bags, other than paper; boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings; clothing, men's, including shirts; cordage and twine; oil, linseed; paper and wood pulp; soap; wood preserving; and wool pulling. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement wotdd vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Lumber and timber products is the only industry which ranked ahke in all three respects. Among the industries showing the greatest differences in rank when based on each of the three factors shown ia the table &Qigit^^ ^ gristmiU products, which is second in value of prod- ucts, seventh in value added by manufacture, and tenth in the number of wage earners ; slaughtering and meat packing, third in value of products, was ninth in. value added by manufacture and eleventh in number of wage earners ; butter, cheese, and condensed milk, fourth in value of products, was eleventh in value added by manuf acture.and twelfth in number of wage earners; printing and publishing, fifth in value of pi'oducts, was second in. value added by manufacture and third in number of wage earners. In rank according to value of products, there were a few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown ia the table, lumber and timber products, flour-mill and gristmiU products, slaughtering and meat packing, canning and preserv- ing, foundry and machine-shop products, and bread and other bakery products held the same rank in value of products at both censuses. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk advanced from fifth place in 1909 to fourth- in 1914, having exchanged positions with printing and publishing. Liquors, malt, and leather goods, rank- ing ninth and tenth in 1909, dropped to twelfth and seventeenth, respectively, in 1914. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products and cars and general shop con- t4ftBif(QS0/J© repairs by steam-railroad companies. MANUFACTURES— OREGON. 1251 r ankin g nintli and tenth in 1914, were eleventh, and thirteenth in 1909. For the remainder of the indus- tries slight changes from census to census are notice- able. Lumber and timber products. — ^This industry, em- bracing logging camps, sawmills, planing mills, wooden- box factories, and the manufacture of window and door screens, is by far the most important industry in the state, not only as to value of products but also in num- ber of wage earners employed. Dimng the period from 1909 to 1914 while the mmaber of estabhshments decreased 187 and the nimiber of wage earners 1,178, the value of products increased $720,550, which is probably due to the advance in price of lumber and commodities. The decrease in the number of establishments and of wage earners is due in part to the fact that during the period between the censuses some of the smaller mills were merged with the larger plants or discontinued operations. Flour-miU and gristmill products. — This industry, second in importance in the state, as measured by value of products, excludes custom mills grinding ex- clusively for toUs or local consumption. There was a shght decrease from 1909 to 1914 in the number of establishments, which is probably due to a greater centralization of the industry, causing the abandon- ment of some small local gristmills. Diuing the five- year period, however, the value of products increased $2,301,572, or 25.9 per cent; the value ftdded by man- ufacture, 11.5 per cent, and the niunber of wage earners, 14.2 per cent. In considering the statistics for the limiber mills and gristmills it should be remembered that mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing and grinding for con- sumption in the immediate neighborhood should not be included in the census of manufactures, but it is not always possible to conduct the enimieration in regard to these establishments on uniform hues in aU sections of the country at different censuses. Slaughtering and Tneat packing. — This industry, which is third in importance in value of products, does not include the operations of retail butcher shops. The value of products increased $1,607,305, or 27.3 per cent, the value added by manufacture, $419,696, or 48.6 per cent, and the average number of wage earners, 20.8 per cent. Butter, cheese, and condensed TnilJc. — ^Fourth in im- portance in value of products in the state, this industry showed a marked increase from 1909 to 1914. During the five-year period the value of products increased $1,647,487, or 33.5 per cent, and the number of estab- lishments, 24.2 per cent. Printing and publishing. — This industry includes job printiog; the printing and publishing of books, newspapers, and periodicals; bookbinding and blank- book making; engraving, steel and copper, plate, in- cluding plate printing; and lithograiQ^("llfiSiS^ by value of products this industry ranked fourth in 1909, but dropped^ to fifth place in 1914. Notwith- standing its change in rank diu-ing the five-year period 1909-1914, the industry, shows increases in all items. The value of products increased 19.2 per cent, the value added by manufacture, 13 per cent, and the number of estabhshments, 16.4 per cent. Canning and preserving. — ^In value of products this industry ranked sixth at the last two censuses, and in- cludes canning and preserving fruits and vegetables, fish and oysters, and the manufacture of pickles, pre- serves, and sauces. The increase in value of products for 1909-1914 was $1,531,007, or 47.7 per cent; that of value added by manufacture, $628,019, or 61 .6 per cent; and that of average number of wage earners, 138, or 20.9 per cent. Persons engaged in the manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average nimiber of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of w^ge earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANDTAUTUltlNa nroUSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent ol total.i k Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 35,449 34,722 32,625 31,849 2,824 2,873 92.0 91.7 8.0 8.3 Proprietors and officials 3,630 3,719 3,545 3,667 85 52 97.7 98.6 2.3 1.4 Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried officers of corporations. . Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 2,189 2,499 537 344 904 876 2,990 2,253 28,829 28,750 2,117 2,453 627 340 901 874 2,315 1,702 26,765 26,480 72 46 10 4 3 2 675 651 2,064 2,270 96.7 98.2 98.1 ' 98.8 99.7 99.8 77.4 75.5 92.8 92.1 3.3 1.8 1.9 1.2 0.3 0.2 22.6 24.5 7.2 7.9 16 years of age and over 28,742 28,652 87 98 26,728 26, 406 37 74 2,014 2,246 50 24 93.0 92.2 7.0 7.8 1 ' 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 35,449, of whom 28,829, or about eight- tenths, were wage earners, 3,630 were proprietors and ofl&cials, and 2,990 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 26,728, or 93 per cent, were males, and 2,014, or 7 per cent, were females. Figures for indi- vidual industries wiU be found in Table 29. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two (^suses. l\nlCj[PM^W^^j the table, there was a slight increase during the five-year period in the total of all classes 1252 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. and decreases in the number of "proprietors and officials," and in the subclass "proprietors and firm members." The largest percentage of increase for any class, 56.1, is shown for salaried officers of corpora- tions. Wage earners 16 years of age and over repre- sented 81.1 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 82.5 per cent in 1909. Table 4 PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2.1 2.4 -1.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials -2.4 -12.4 56.1 3.2 32.7 0.3 0.3 -3.3 -13.7 55.0 3.1 36.0 1.1 1.2 10.2 6.2 1.5 2.5 8.4 81.3 81.1 0.2 10.7 ■7.2 1.0 2.5 6.5 82.8 82.5 0.3 10.9 6.5 1.6 2.8 7.1 82.0 81.9 0.1 11.5 7.7 1.1 2.7 5.3 83.1 82.9 0.2 3.0 2.5 0.4 0.1 23.9 73.1 71.3 1.8 1.8 1.6 Proprietors and firmmembers Superintendents and managers 0.1 19.2 79.0 78.2 0.8 Clerks and other subordinate Salaried employees 22.5 -9.1 -10.3 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distributioji of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earher census. (See "Expla- nation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 35,449 34,722 22,018 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.1 57.7 Proprietors and firm members. 2,189 4,431 28,829 2,499 3,473 28,750 1,726 1,769 18,523 6.2 12.5 81.3 7.2 10.0 82.8 7.8 8.0 84.1 -12.4 27.6 0.3 44.8 96.3 Wage earners (average) 55.2 Table 6 All industries. Bread and other bakery products - ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. During the decade ending with 1914 there was a substantial increase in the number of persons engaged in the manufactures of the state, but the rate of in- crease was most rapid during the first five-year pe- riod. The decrease of 12.4 per cent in the number of proprietors and firm members for the period from 1909 to 1914 was due to the decrease in the number of small mills and also to the fact that some estabhshments operated by individuals or firms in 1909 became incor- porated during the period between the censuses and were reported as corporations in 1914. It is probable that some of the persons reported as proprietors or firm members of such estabhshments in 1909 were returned as salaried officials of corporations in 1914. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 16 years of age are given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. This table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dkji of wage earners, for 1914 and 1909. ' ' Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furmture Gas, illuminating and heating Leath ar goods Liquors, malt . . . ^^ . _ Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars. Woolen goods , All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. num- ber.' 28,829 28, 750 18,523 700 613 385 434 799 661 1,601 777 336 466 431 450 394 1,254 1,055 673 552 385 260 202 353 189 204 13,888 15,066 1,556 1,459 163 212 442 366 154 186 648 466 4,107 4,607 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 92.7 91.8 90.9 74.8 71.1 100.0 92.6 91.4 56.6 69.6 99.9 100.0 30.9 32.2 98.3 92.3 100.0 99.7 99.9 100.0 99.1 98. 7 100.0 100.0 97.5 96.6 100.0 100.0 99.5 99.6 84.5 83.7 100.0 100.0 96.4 99.2 85.1 85.5 61.4 59.2 83.0 78.7 Wmsrti Fe- male. 7.0 7.8 8.0 28.5 0.8 6.9 7.6 0.5 1.0 41.9 36.9 L5 3.6 0.1 68.5 67.8 0.6 1.7 7.7 ■"6.' 3' 0.1 0.9 1.3 2.5 3.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 14.3 14.3 1.2 2.0 3.6 0.8 13.0 12.9 37.7 37.4 16.3 21.1 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.3 0.4 1.1 •0.6 0.3 1.9 1.6 0.9 3.4 0.7 0.2 ^[mating the distribution, by sex and age Deriod«: of tho aver. mdustries combined, see "Stplaa-"— -'^ ■'• plaoation of terms.' MANUFACTURES— OREGON. 1253 For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over has been shghtly greater at each successive census, while the proportion of females 16 years of age and over and children under 16 years of age has decreased. Men predominate in all the industries shown in the table except confectionery. For six of the industries no females were reported at either 1914 or 1909. Wage earners employed, by montlis. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. The table shows that the period of greatest activity in employment in the manufactures of the state ranges from April to October. In 1 9 14 the maximum number of wage earners appeared for May and the minimum for December. In 1909 the maximum month was September and the minimum January, and in 1904 the maximmn number was employed in July and the mini- mmn in February. The greatest actual difference be- tween the maximum and minimum numbers employed in any one of the three census years was 7,624, or 24.6 per cent of the maximum, in 1909. Table 7 January... February.. March April May June July August — September. October — November. December. WAGE EAENEES IN MANUFACTCKING INDU3TKIE3. Number.' 1911 ^6,154 26 715 28,627 30,806 31, 596 31,540 31,095 30,505 29,243 28,421 26,531 24, 315 1909 23,354 24,833 26,859 29, 179 30,302 30,806 30,175 30, 269 30,978 30, 402 29,423 28,416 1904 15,930 15,867 16, 693 18, 607 19,679 20,543 20,687 20,356 20,425 18, 981 17,711 16,797 Per cent of maximum. 84.6 90.3 97.5 100.0 92.6 90.0 84.0 78.5 1909 75.4 80.2 86.7 94.2 97.8 99.4 97.4 97.7 100.0 98.1 95.0 91.7 1904 77.0 76.7 80.7 89.9 95.1 99.3 100.0 08.4 98.7 91.8 85.6 81.2 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. Table 8 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 8 WAGE EABNEBS: 19U. [Month of maximum employment lor each industry isindicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by i(o!Jc figures.] nroUSTET AUB CITY. Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month OT nearest representative day. Per cent Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 28,829 26,154 26,715 28,627 30,806 31,S9S 31,540 31,095 30,505 29,243 28,421 26,531 U,8ie 78. S 700 382 434 799 1,601 336 466 450 1,254 673 385 202 189 13,888 1,556 163 442 154 648 4,107 13,474 703 243 SH 350 1,620 330 367 477 1,184 723 360 202 171 11,792 1,547 162 465 161 705 4,238 13,031 702 205 357 417 1,404 308 420 426 1,319 711 396 201 170 12,482 1,539 208 436 160 691 4,163 12,916 702 262 394 U6 l.iOS 320 471 413 1,357 695 413 209 181 14,105 1,548 223 430 148 694 4,313 13,050 700 437 482 315 1,618 343 461 see 1,342 683 503 215 190 15,727 1,566 196 428 146 712 4,376 13,682 699 535 519 497 1,616 351 507 395 1,201 667 468 212 201 16,317 1,564 208 1^ 707 4,386 13,713 711 531 531 1,191 1,563 353 508 374 1,204 668 421 214 208 15,951 1,531 165 411 155 651 4,199 14,227 720 606 511 1,255 1,702 326 638 414 1,194 625 376 213 208 15,395 i,m 155 427 154 641 4,007 14,363 711 604 . 471 1,128 1,724 m 564 447 1,168 en soe 201 206 15,265 i;684 146 438 164 572 3,894 13,786 700 441 428 1,380 1,701 351 484 639 1,088 656 357 190 200 13;972 1,552 126 441 154 681 3,922 13,583 710 345 398 1,496 1,680 367 445 538 i,oes 683 338 188 187 13,005 1,579 121 465 159 628 4,027 13,480 ero 200 386 894 1,598 353 381 518 1,424 684 325 192 172 11,835 1,567 140 465 160 616 3,951 13,242 672 ns 377 420 1,583 332 Si6 493 1,504 667 357 187 174 10,810 1,567 108 498 Ul 598 S,808 is,eie 93.1 Brick and tile, terr»rnTnT)pr of «stfthlishTn«i>t!5 179 62 7.7 2.8 837 649 36.1 28.9 5S.3 68.3 408 29.0 71.0 2,201 597 7.6 2.1 11,273 12,214 39.1 42.6 53.3 5S.4 5,380 37.2 62.8 $8,426,514 2,208,031 7.7 2.4 $55,697,440 46,860,767 60.7 50.4 41.6 47.3 $16,903,707 46.2 63.8 Value added by manu&cture . . 3,667,659 1,030,830 7.9 2.4 21,798,787 20,786,161 46.9 49.0 ■45.2 48.6 6,726,379 42.6 S7.4 1 Census estimates of population for 1914. In accepting the statistics in this table, it must be remembered that some of the cities — Astoria, Eugene, and^Medford — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, were included with those for the outside districts at prior censuses. The table shows, however, that for 1914 the cities, which represented 40 per cent of the estimated population of the state, reported 58.4 per cent of the total, value of products, 54.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, 46.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and 43.8 per cent of the total number of estabhshments. Character of ownership. — Table 12 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries, combined, Comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined, and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual estabhshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase from 1909 to 1914 in the number of establish- ments under corporate and individual ownership, and a decrease in all other forms of ownership, which in- cludes general and limited partnerships and coopera- tive associations. Although corporate ownership com- prised in 1914 only 30.6 per cent of the total nmnber of establishments in the state, they reported 83.2 per cent of the total value of products, and 83.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners; in 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions were slightly less. The proportions of the total average number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. The number of estabhshments under individual ownership represented 45.8 per cent of the total num- ber of establishments in the state in 1914, and all other forms of ownership, 23.6 per cent. The propor- tion of the total average number of wage earners and value of products under individual ownership have decreased at each successive census. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1256 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. Table 11 Cen- sus year. NtTMBEK OF ESTABLiaHMENTS OWNED BY— - AVEEAGE NUMBEE OP WAGE EAENEE3. VALUE OF PEODUCTS. INDUSTET AND CTTY. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent ol total.i Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AH" oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- viduals. Corpo- rations. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All Industries i 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1,062 1,031 746 710 640 409 548 575 447 28,829 28,750 18,523 2,678 3,552 2,919 24,047 22,063 13,037 2,104 3,135 2,567 9.3 12.4 15.8 83.4 76.7 70.4 7.3 10.9 13.8 $109,761,951 93,004,845 55,525,123 $9,860,214 11,482,192 8,414,059 $91,351,338 70,781,269 40,034,288 $8,550;399 10,741,384 7,076,776 9.0 12.3 15.2 83.2 76.1 72.1 7.8 11.6 12.7 Bread and other bakery products. 116 110 11 7 36 34 700 613 168 173 401 329 131 111 24.0 28.2 57.3 53.7 18.7 18.1 3,325,789 2,829,428 811,144 923,641 1,775,375 1,315,510 739, 270 590,277 24.4 32.6 53.4 46.5 22.2 20.9 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 37 29 36 34 45 32 434 420 49 53 288 306 97 61 11.3 12.6 66.4 72.9 22.3 14.5 6,567,949 4,920,462 853,620 928,188 3,825,075 2,761,391 1,889,254 1,230,883 13.0 18.9 58.2 66.1 28.8 25.0 Canning and preserving . . . 1914 1909 18 23 42 34 11 14 799 661 70 82 652 505 77 74 8.8 12.4 81.6 76.4 9.6 11.2 4,738,067 3,207.060 168,466 181,279 4,083,334 2,820,570 486,267 205,211 3.6 6.7 86.2 87.9 10.2 6.4 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. 1914 1909 1914 1909 12 9 14 8 6 6 8 4 1,601 777 336 283 30 34 1,601 777 268 218 100.0 100.0 79.8 77.0 11.3 11.0 2 583,653 1,163,395 1,580,735 1,215,256 2,583,653 1,163.395 1,326,732 890,928 100.0 100.0 83.9 73.3 38 31 8.9 12.0 138,088 106,456 115,915 217,872 8.7 8.8 7.3 17. » Copper, tin, and sheet-Iron products. 1914 1909 31 20 15 5 16 14 466 431 101 175 332 201 33 65 21.7 40.6 71.2 46.6 7.1 12.8 2,674,524 1,611,244 234,532 585,838 2,316,607 805,795 123,385 219,611 8.8 36.4 86.6 50.0 4.S 13.6 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 34 45 40 45 21 24 460 . 394 46 88 372 259 32 47 10.2 22.3 82.7 65.7 7.1 11.9 11,192,573 8,891,001 1,050,684 1,845,411 9,586.401 6,039,697 555,488 1,005,993 9.4 20.8 85.7 67.9 4.9 11.3 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 67 31 62 33 40 18 1,254 1,055 263 170 873 800 118 85 21.0 16.1 69.6 75.8 9.4 8.1 3,822,590 3,135,068 680,466 562,277 2,700,496 2,337,860 441,628 234,931 17.8 17.9 70.6 74.6 11.6 7.6 Fnmitnrfl. . „ 1914 1909 9 5 8 9 4 5 673 552 14 34 655 492 4 26 2.1 6.2 97.3 89.1 0.6 4.7 1,335,380 1,093,743 39,393 62,522 1,256,600 972,284 39,387 58,937 2.9 5.7 94.1 88.9 3.0 6.4 Oas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 9 g 385 260 385 260 100.0 100.0 1,528,060 909,115 1,075,016 1,629,441 1,528,060 909,115 714,245 1,087,063 100.0 100.0 1914 1909 33 28 8 9 7 11 202 353 54 82 125 235 23 36 26.7 23.2 61.9 66.6 11.4 10.2 251,757 349,444 109,014 192,934 23.4 21.5 66.5 66.7 10.1 11.8 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 198 263 162 204 166 246 13,888 15,066 744 1,178 12,306 12,304 838 1,584 5.4 7.8 88.6 81.7 6.0 10. S 30,920,407 30,199,857 1,226,810 2,068,739 28,009,632 25,212,397 1,683,965 2,918,721 4.0 6.8 90.6 83.5 5.4 9.7 Ftintlng and publishing . . 1914 1909 221 200 87 69 69 55 1,556 1,459 334 375 1.095 912 127 172 21.4 25.7 70.4 62. S 8.2 11.8 6,010,857 5,040,523 1,184,288 1,108,857 4,287,903 3,419,957 538,666 511,709 19.7 22.0 71.3 67.8 9.0 10.2 Woolen ETOods 1914 1909 7 648 466 648 466 100.0 100.0 1,701,587 918,804 64,123,954 1,701,587 918,804 54,518,579 100. 100.0 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 412 380 224 13,474 1,301 11,199 974 9.7 83.1 7.2 5,101,995 4,503,380 8.0 85.0 7.0 ASIOEU. 23 14 12 336 29 22 12 14 2 176 20 1,172 238 59 11,273 732 69 54 117 1,077 84 1,059 135 42 9,467 496 44 49 ■■"729 152 5.9 22.7 128.8 9.5 11.5 90.4 56.7 71.2 84.0 67.7 3.7 20.6 '"6.'5 20.8 4,587,301 810,346 183,023 55,697,440 2,845,844 227,979 167,382 156,622 4,263,753 386,259 4,187,168 388,678 126,401 48,151,708 1,664,724 172,154 254,386 "3,281,' 979 794,861 5.0 20.7 130.9 7.7 13.6 91.3 47.9 69.1 86.4 68.S 3.7 Eugene .-. 31.4 Hedfobd PrtTtTT.AKT*. . 5.9 S4I.F.W , 27.0 1 Includes the group " all others.' In 1914, measured by value of products and wage earners, the largest proportions for each of the 14 industries for which separate statistics are given are shown for corporate ownership. Size of establisliments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to become c6ncentrated in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 12. Table 12 VALUE OF PEODUCT. NUMBEE OF ESTABUSHMENTS. AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OF PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTUEE. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,320 2,246 1,602 28,829 28,750 18,623 $109,761,951 $93,004,845 $55,525,123 $46,504,130 $42,452,375 $24,928,360 Less than $5,000 907 752 451 197 13 789 786 482 181 8 584 567 332 114 5 927 2,618 5,549 16,447 3,288 957 3,214 7,104 15,110 2,365 747 2,820 5,228 8,620 1,108 2,220,810 7,809,972 19,682,477 54,902,863 25,145,829 1,926,913 8,203,981 21,453,056 47,022,078 14,398,817 1,529,491 5,821,749 14,162,072 26,138,494 7,873,317 1,522,173 4,684,557 8,990,230 24,344,165 6,963,005 1,343,938 6,082,474 10,626,549 20,766,801 4,632,613 1,040,739 3,658,379 6,969,113 11,579,%7 1,680,162 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEE CENT DISTEIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 106.0 Less than $5,000 39.1 32.4 19.4 8 5 0.6 35.1 35.0 21.5 8.1 0.4 36.5 35.4 20.7 7.1 0.3 3.2 9 1 3.3 11.2 .,.24.7 ^itim 4.0 15.2 :lbyo 2.0 7.1 ISO Vlicr^B 2.1 8.8 oft^i 2.8 10.5 25.5 47.1 14.2 3.3 10.1 19.3 52.3 15.0 3.2 12.0 25.0 48.9 10.9 — = $5,000 to $20,000 4.2 $20,000 to $100,000 14.7 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 28.0 46.5 6.7 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. 1257 For 1914, 210 establishments, or 9.1 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 189, or 8.5 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 119, or 7.4 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments re- ported 19,735 wage earners, or 68.5 per cent of the total for the state, 72.9 per cent of the total value of products, and 67.3 per cent of the total added by manu- facture. In the same year the small establishments, those having products less than $5,000 in value, repre- sented 39. 1 per cent of the total niunber of establish- ments, but reported only 2 per cent of the total value of products. The statistics indicate that the relative importance of larger estabUshments, those with an annual product of $100,000 and over, has been constantly increasing. In 1904 the estabhshments of this class gave employ- ment to 52.5 per cent of the wage earners, and their products formed 61.3 per cent of the total for all es- tablishments. By 1914 these proportions had in- creased to 68.5 and 72.9 per cent, respectively. Table 13 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for six of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, simdar to that presented in Table 12 for all industries combined. Table 13 nroUSTEY AND VALUE OF PKODTjeT. BUTTEB, CHEESE, AND CONDENSED MILK Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Canning and pkeseeving , Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Foundry and machine-shop products Less than $5,000 , $5,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100,000 , $100,000 to $1,000,000 Lumber and timber products . . Less than $5,000 $5j000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $roo,ooo to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Printing and publishing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 , $100,000 and over 1 number of establish- ments. 1914 118 95 169 230 144 80 377 201 121 49 6 1909 95 114 8 35 55 >16 82 284 224 139 63 3 324 171 117 30 6 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 434 5 35 176 218 799 47 184 629 450 3 28 83 141 195 1,254 70 242 489 453 13,888 374 838 1,605 9,768 1,303 1,556 157 343 494 562 1909 420 6 33 104 277 264 263 394 6 28 134 1,055 11 111 387 546 15,066 484 1,382 3,493 8,538 1,169 1,459 168 430 396 465 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 1.2 8.1 40.6 50.2 100.0 4.9 5.9 23.0 66.2 100.0 0.7 6.2 18.4 31.3 43.4 100.0 5.6 19.3 39.0 36.1 100.0 2.7 6.0 11.6 70.3 9.4 100.0 10.1 22.0 31.8 36.1 100.0 1.4 7.9 24.8 66.0 100.0 5.4 14.8 39.9 39.8 100.0 1.5 7.1 34.0 67.4 100.0 1.0 10.5 36.7 61.8 100.0 3.2 9.2 23.2 56.7 7.8 100.0 11.5 29.5 27.1 31.9 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $6,567,949 45, 166 446,356 2,539,422 3,537,005 4,738,067 46,981 130,054 828,423 3,732,609 11,192,573 31,958 394,860 1,582,665 3,833,184 5,349,926 3,822,590 186,881 677,214 1,397,271 1,561,224 30,920,407 486,728 1,462,430 3,131,226 21,042,175 4,797,848 "6,010,857 608,733 1,239,068 1,828,460 2,434,596 1909 $4,920,462 45,021 345,779 1,834,374 2,695,288 3,207,060 69,234 194,061 1,025,182 1,928,583 8,891,001 27,603 445, 286 2,782,962 5,635,260 3,135,068 32,724 331,415 1,047,323 1,723,606 30,199,867 646,974 2,210,788 6,210,660 17,399,242 3,732,193 5,040,523 437,672 1,212,096 1,174,676 2,216,079 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.7 6.8 38.7 53.8 100.0 1.0 2.7 17.5 78.8 100.0 0.3 3.5 14.1 34.3 47.8 100.0 4.9 17.7 36.6 40.8 100.0 1.6 4.7 10.1 68.1 15.5 100.0 8.5 20.6 30.4 40.5 100.0 0.9 7.0 37.3 54.8 100.0 1.8 6.1 32.0 60.1 100.0 0.3 5.0 31.3 63.4 100.0 1.0 10.6 33.4 55.0 lOO.O 2.1 7.3 20.6 57.6 12.4 100.0 8.7 24.0 23.3 44.0 VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. 1914 $1,065,647 9,135 63,357 375,426 617, 729 1,647,647 21, 637 50,373 234,604 1,341,133 1,365,342 7,192 72, 103 244,268 530,752 611,027 2,206,966 138, 836 453, 887 784,028 830,215 16,521,419 381,993 1,022,166 1,899,100 11,221,643 1,996,517 4,448,360 413,031 1,004,334 1,404,184 1,626,801 1909 $968,242 9,600 54,003 248,958 655, 781 1,019,628 26,195 78,701 355,999 558,733 1,224,265 7,632 98,225 528,861 689,557 1,663,469 20,648 207,063 697,345 838,513 17,786,420 621,251 1,614,397 4,219,687 9,563,248 1,867,937 3,937,110 348,614 971,398 874, 804 1,742,294 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.9 5.9 35.2 58.0 100.0 1.3 3.1 14.2 81.4 100.0 0.5 5.3 17.9 38.9 37.4 100.0 6.3 20.6 35.5 37.6 100.0 2.3 6.2 11.5 67.9 12.1 100.0 9.2 22.6 31.6 100.0 1.0 5.6 .25.7 67.7 100.0 2.6 7.7 34.9 54. S 100.0 0.6 8.0 43.2 48.2 100.0 1.2 12.4 35.9 50.4 100.0 2.9 9.1 23.7 53.8 10.5 100.0 8.9 24.7 22.2 44.3 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' Table 14 presents, for 1914, for aU industries com- bined, for each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 12 for the state as a whole. The totals for Astoria, Portland, and Salem show the same general condition shown by Table 12 as prevail- ing in the totals for all industries in the state, namely, a preponderance as to value of products for establish- ments in the group "$100,000 and over." For these cities the products of the establishments in this class represented 84.9 per cent, 77 per cent, and 67.2 per cent of the totals for the three cities, respectively. For Eugene and Medford, however, the greatest value of products, 76.1 per cent and 55.4 per cent, appears for the group of establishments reporting products valued at 420,000 to $100,000. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1258 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. Table 14 i o S ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. •A WAGE EAENERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTDEE. CITY AND VALUE OF PKODUPI. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amoimt. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. AHTnPTA 57 1,172 100.0 $4,587,301 100.0 $1,938,419 100.0 Portland 837 11,273 100.0 $55,697,440 100.0 $21,798,787 100.0 Xess than J5,000 14 16 14 13 37 12 42 133 985 238 1.0 3.6 ,11.4 84.0 100.0 41,457 157,235 494,982 3,893,627 810,346 0.9 3.4 10.8 84.9 100.0 26,532 87,251 232,438 1,592,198 403,066 1.4 4.5 12.0 82.1 100.0 265 306 189 80 8 67 174 985 2,509 6,778 1,827 732 1.5 8.7 22.3 51.3 16.2 100.0 657,953 3,273,643 8,888,341 24,979,961 17,897,542 2,845,844 1.2 5.9 15.9 44.9 32.1 100.0 462,266 2,161,799 4,527,428 10,812,123 3,835,171 1,208,629 55,000 to J20 000 $5,000 to $20,000 9.9 20.8 49.6 17.6 420,000 to $100,000 «00,000 to $1,000,000.... $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 100.0 TjBs"? than S5 OflO 11 14 12 18 10 46 182 59 4.2 19.3 76.5 100.0 34,944 158,560 616,842 183,023 4.3 19.6 76.1 100.0 20,498 93,530 289,038 117,445 5.1 23.2 71.7 100.0 1*88 than $5,00Cf $5,000 to $20,000 22 18 17 10 17 58 177 480 2.3 7.9 24.2 65.6 56,767 183,409 694,690 1,910,978 2.0 6.4 24.4 67.2 29,544 93,902 300,500 784,683 2 4 $20,000 and over ' $5,000 to $20,000 7.8 24.9 64.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Xess than $5,000 7 8 3 11 18 30 18.6 30.5 50.9 23,267 58,393 101,363 12.7 31.9 55.4 12,553 30,177 74,716 10.7 25.7 63.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 1 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000.' . Table 15 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the average number of wage earners em- ployed. The figures given are for all industries com- bined and 19 of the more important industries, for the state as a whole; and for all industries combined ia each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabi- tants. Table 16 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 15, and for 1909, similar per- centages for aJl industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table IS INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Bread and other bakery products 3rick and tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk •Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. -Confectionery ■Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and grtetmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Turniture Gas, illuminating and heating Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Shipbuilding, including boat building ■Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco, cigars Woolen goods All other industries Total for cities ASTORLA , Eugene Medfoed P0RTL.4.ND ■Salem Estab- lish- ments. 2,320 163 42 118 71 14 26 62 95 169 21 9 48 10 526 377 20 14 63 7 465 1,016 67 37 18 837 67 Wage earners (average number). 28,829 700 382 434 799 1,601 466 450 1,254 673 386 203 189 13,888 1,556 163 442 154 648 4,107 13,474 1,172 238 59 11,273 732 ESTABLISHMENTS UMPLOTINQ — No ■wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 32 123 6 1 25 74 173 5 4 3 162 1 to 5 ■wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 104 25 92 35 1 13 40 67 107 11 5 31 2 291 197 8 8 33 273 516 33 22 12 417 32 Wage eameis. 2,926 192 76 160 80 4 25 104 127 217 20 16 41 7 704 406 80 '630 1,215 85 55 29 987 59 6 to 20 wage earifers. Estab- lish- ments. 214 171 19 4,002 115 126 99 250 IS 60 87 105 389 13 31 76 63 1,040 49S 35 38 52 25 124 103 30 1,790 211 21 to 60 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 105 57 3,323 160 63 110 224 84 36 71 319 31 85 32 1,273 164 54 28 515 1,704 1,491 120 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OREGON. 1259 Table 16— Continued. establishme'nts employing — INDUSTEY AND CITT. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries 60 4,447 43 6,861 1'. 6,129 2 1,141 Bread and other bakery products 2 233 Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products 2 1 3 6 2 127 65 245 425 ■ 167 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk... Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raiiroad companies., i ! '. Confectienery 1 127 1 413 1 555 Copper, tin, and sh6ot-iron products 1 239 Flour-mill and gristmill products... 2 2 3 147 138 216 1 2 191 393 Eumiture Oas, illuminating and heating 1 338 Liquors, malt 1 26 2 1 87 1,967 163 60 Ijumber and timber products .... 28 2 4,387 328 11 3,931 1 ■586 Printing and publish'ing . . Shipbuilding, including boat building 1 381 "Woolen go A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In both 1914 and 1909 Oregon ranked eighteenth among the states in amount received for work done, and twenty-first in 1914 in number of persons engaged in the industry. The table shows an increase for all i'tems given, with the exception of salaried employees, which shows a small decrease. In 1914, 27, and in 1909, 22 laundries were reported as under corporate ownership, these estabhshments reporting 75.5 and 74.5 per cent, respectively, of the amount recjpived for work done. Table 25 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which the number reported for each month formed of the greatest number reported for any month of the same year. Table 26 shows statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five- year period. Table 27 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 25 January. . . February.. March April May. June July August September October... November. December. WAGE EABNEES. Number. 1914 1,820 1,793 1,804 1,796 1,786 1,767 1,807 1,747 1,690 1,688 1,638 1,619 1909 1,371 1,374 1,392 1,411 1,439 1,482 1,504 1,499 1,497 1,512 1,505 1,497 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 100.0 98.5 99.1 98.7 98.1 96.5 99.3 96.0 92.8 92.7 90.0 89.0 1909 90.7 90.9 92.1 93.3 96.2 98.0 99.5 99.1 90.0 100.0 99.5 99.0 Table 26 NTTMBER OF HOKSEPOWEE. KIKB. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of 1914 1909 1914 1909 in- crease, 1909- 1914.1 102 65 2,338 1,585 47.5 Owned 67 63 2 2 35 35 52 49 2 i 13 13 2,133 2,095 26 12 205 205 1,486 1,406 70 10 99 96 3 43 5 Steam engines and turbines Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and mo- tors 49.0 Eented Other ■ Electrio^Generated by establishments 88 277 ' Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 27 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of KIND. 1914 1909 in- crease, 1909- 1914.1 * Tons (2,240 lbs.).... Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Tons(2,0001bs.).... 200 1,526 150 53,969 3,325 11 729 BitiimiTioiis c"fll 109 2 Coke Oil 21,888 2,732 146. S 21.7 Gas 1,000 cubic feet I Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1264 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. &ENERAL TABLES. Table 28 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average nimiber of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for cities having irom 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 29 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more, sta- tistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for aU industries combined. Table. 28.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. mDUSTKT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INBUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mar- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Awnings, tents, and sails Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and other clay products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Canning and preserving . . Cars and general shop con- struction and repaus by steam-railroad compa- nies. Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, ^nd sheet- iron products. Flour-mill and ^istmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 ■■19U 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 31914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,320 2,246 1,602 5 S 4 163 151 93 42 61 43 118 95 5 4 26 19 13 62 39 15 95 114 105 169 82 42 21 19 18 28,829 28,750 18,523 84 95 22 700 613 430 385 434 420 130 661 529 1,601 777 99 72 45 336 283 133 466 431 128 450 394 395 79- 50 61 1,254 1,055 787 673 552 425 219, 222 175, 019 81,348 589 .336 253 2,894 1,922 766 1,827 1,935 715 1,655 1,318 1,247 1,370 933 955 293 217 59 253 13 8,565 11,541 9,993 633 275 153 4,238 2,709 1,172 1,674 1,501 120,932 19,902 11,444 45 29 12 463 441 221 201 266 132 325 290 81 339 315 250 1,343 544 677 61 52 23 157 138 57 333 354 99 330 278 271 53 36 31 1,035 892 596 422 323 233 163, 258 50, 552 30,597 188 314 90 1,880 1,621 875 165 165 5,502 3,952 1,361 3,090 2,187 1,894 1,019 509 1,532 1,096 654 813 549 141 1,657 835 121 9,827 7,667 ■7,352 625 352 244 1,616 1,472 643 544 484 338 S109,762 93,005 55,525 493 459 123 2,829 1,504 521 675 316 6,568 4,920 1,629 4,738 3,207 2,9U 2,584 1,163 1,265 2,050 1,427 811 1,581 1,215 379 2,675 1,611 300 11, 193 8,891 8,468 878 580 355 3,823 3,135 1,588 1,335 1,094 790 Gas, illuminating and heating. Ice, manufactured Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work . . Printing and publishing . Shipbuilding, including boat bijildmg. Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Tobacco, cigars Woolen goods All other industries. 1914 9 385 2,482 S310 $404 1909 8. 260 1,483 194 200 1904 5 32 202 31 84 1914 27 106 2,650 92 118 1909 25 69 1,569 63 76 1804 20 75 1,416 57 41 =1914 48 202 205 158 673 1909 48 353 173 262 989 1904 26 270 71 173 642 1914 10 189 2,028 228 508 1909 18 204 2,018 206 464 1904 24 161 1,091 137 429 '1914 526 13,888 101,832 9,942 14,399 1909 713 16,066 95,213 10,172 12,413 1904 477 8,658 43,364 6,450 6,856 1914 24 88' 278 85 146 1909 23 76 159 75 113 '1904 8 38 13 42 77 81914 377 1,566 7,230 1,407 1,563 1909 324 1,459 1,927 1,448 1,103 1904 245 1,018 993 724 658 1914 20 163 445 158 114 1909 24 212 287 190 204 1904 11 169 70 122 123 1914 14 442 1,344 '309 6,202 1909 14 366 752 280 5,T)15 '1904 10 246 327 155 2,390 1914 10 80 88 76 129 1909 11 86 183 79 130 1904 3 30 28 26 20 1914 63 154 2 109 148 1909 1904 55 54 186 163 171 92 170 179 3 1914 7 648 1,670 373 943 1909 6 466 1,558 201 622 1904 7 566 955 220 496 1914 372 3,571 74,434 2.579 9,463 1909 300 4,159 46,436 2,613 7,970 1904 211 2,928 16,790 1,532 5,540 $1,628 909 467 376 267 217. 1,075 1,629 925 1,810 1,857 1,118 30,920 30,200 15,418 346 297 190 6,011 5,041 .2,776 332 477 297 7,487 5,880 2,907 351 139 383 471 1,702 919 1,034 15,738 13,611 9,213 1 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 8 Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified." ■• Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. s Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "iron, and steel, cast-iron pipe;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural nonwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 6 Includes "pocketbooks;" "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing:" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens." e Includes "bookbindiug and blank-book making," and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OREGON. TABLE 28.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1265 INDVSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. nroUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (avei;^ age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts.* Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. POBTLAND— All industries. Awnings, tents and sails . . Bread and other bakery products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Canning and preserving . Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Flourmill and grist mill products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 11914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 n914 1909 il904 1914 1909 1904 $55,697 46, 861 28,651 Food preparations . Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture. Ice, manufactured . Leather goods. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stonework. Printing and publishing. All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 n914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 51914 1909 1904 81914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 S1914 1909 '1904 1914 1909 1904 114 44 21 12 11 11 7 4 6 24 26 15 35 42 28 11 7 4 149 132 78 310 242 192 79 50 61 1,012 799 601 478 360 54 16 45 170 304 242 2,557 3,669 2,072 67 38 26 1,029 952 534 3,805 4,239 3,435 633 275 3,323 2,080 1,466 1,207 1,213 575 186 136 14, 130 13,998 226 90 1,505 1,402 9,355 9,126 $53 36 31 854 704 481 389 283 205 46 14 38 130 220 154 1,957 2,672 1,455 64 38 31 975 1,036 2,867 2,883 2,100 $625 352 244 1,311 1,222 455 508 458 322 61 45 26 583 4,628 5,067 3,101 111 71 64 1,260 847 491 12,943 10, 679 7,133 $878 580 355 3,193 2,627 1,200 1,247 993 720 178 108 137 911 1,386 800 7,847 10, 111 5,435 264 175 149 336 736 20,335 17, 384 11,868 CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Salem.. 1914 67 732 3,185 $404 $1,637 $2,846 Salem (Continued) 1909 62 597 _ 1, ?367 $1,177 $2,208 1 Includes ''pickles, preserves, and sauces." ' Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified." 3 Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. ' Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas;and water;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" and "structural ironwork,-not made in steel works or rolling mills." & Includes "saddlery and harness," and "trxmks and valises." 8 Includes "boxes, wooden packing," "lumber, planiag-mill products^ not including planing mills connected with sawmills," and "window and door screens." ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 8 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." 9 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 82101°— 18 80 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1266 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. Table 29— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INBUSTEY AOT) dTT. Nmn- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSXBT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 18, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sal^ Tied offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number: 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male, Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTBIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All Industries. Agricultural implements Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails . . . . . Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Boxesj wooden pacEirig Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-ootta and fir&- clay products. Building brick Sewerpipe and draintile Brooms , Butter Canning and preserving, flsh , Canning and preserving, fruits and and vegetables. Canned vegetables and fruits Dried fruits , Canning and preserving, oysters Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only , Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cheese , Coffee, roasting and grinding <;offins, and burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery, including chew- ing gum. Icecream Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Engraving steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. BreadstuS preparations, mac- aroni, and meat products. All other preparations for human consumption. Foundry and machine-shop products. Fur goods Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Metal, Including store and ofSce fixtures. Oas and electric fixtures Qas, illuminating and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hand stamps Ice, manufactured Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 66 Lime 66 Liquors.malt 67 Looking-glass and picture frames . 6S Lumber and timber products 2,320 35,449 163 42 34 1 8 5 72 25 37 13 24 6 18 11 7 14 35 21 16 5 4 9 4 3 27 8 5 3 10 3 439 66 46 273 116 21 75 104 363 48 1,093 455 359 96 53 477 425 497 248 249 35 77 52 25 256 1,705 115 193 9 141 551 456 95 35 614 52 8 696 128 73 56 860 54 751 647 104 38 570 26 18 163 69 40 19 246 2,189 1,441 2,315 675 46 1 4 2 16 6 200 37 4 1 4 5 500 49 324 4 2 6 4 105 16 8 8 2 68 73 19 7 12 23 53 9 149 1 9 1 1 1 33 1 311 12 1 Owned power only. 14,030 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 6 40 35 185 84 16 60 90 327 35 700 382 307 76 35 260 301 417 218 199 29 49 32 17 225 1,601 50 99 7 124 402 336 66 24 466 36 2 450 79 62 27 660 35 673 684 21 385 21 106 45 34 14 189 1 12,829 My 31,696 Jy* Au* Au Co Se Ap« Jy 55 38 212 99 21 82 102 444 38 720 i7 Oo Oc Jy Jy 528 HI 297 535 Je 672 Ap< 20 Oc 652 Je 19 My 51 Ja 7 Je< Je* Ja 287 Au 1,724 Je Au My« 77 109 My 160 Oc 367 Jy 85 Jy* 30 Jy 638 Ja 39 Se 62 539 Oc My Fe De 718 51 621 102 Ap* 24 Ap 503 Fe* 23 De 24,815 No* Ja Ja Ja De* De* No Je Fe 13 61 74 185 No 5 . 32 No 670 No De Jy Ja* Fe 142 28 29 226 Fe* Ja* De 14 170 Mh 1,403 Ja 19 Mh* 91 Fe* 6 Se 104 Au 298 Ja Ja De Se Ap 46 15 346 33 62 366 My Mh* No My 591 21 Au Ja Fe* Ap Jy* De 155 49 38 23 208 Au No No* Au Je Ja De* Se De Fe Fe* De 529 77 17 306 17 9,939 ~8 55 32 187 84 13 57 81 363 32 658 514 390 124 38 252 578 1,450 772 678 41 49 31 18 170 1,654 114 417 367 50 21 390 2 497 91 55 36 628 51 669 591 78 19 357 23 101 43 31 24 185 3 14,988 C») 55 32 186 23 13 23 30 344 32 492 514 390 124 35 234 522 486 171 315 21 49 31 18 168 1,653 103 136 114 22 21 380 28 1 497 76 19 663 585 78 19 357 21 101 43 31 24 185 14,936 (») 61 162 55 559 363 261 251 32 « («) 18 45 $139,500,379 30,805 131,650 47,965 220,048 345,596 35,557 44,346 158,236 ^ 617,108 135,048 1,614,972 1,764,121 1,091,132 672,989 76,498 1,326,556 3,850,595 737,313 302,393 434,920 20,601 63,520 30,020 33,500 701,318 1,348,661 140,684 756,657 26,787 812,625 1,353,318 1,040,256 313,062 96,836 5,407,963 56,122 9,423 ,9,076,946 633,148 247,245 386,903 2,400,472 153,084 1,874,131 1,720,538 153,593 96,836 12,930,138 155,788 9,475 1,224,047 28,620 177,494 179,586 3,615,803 My 15,186 » No figures shown for reasons given in " Explanation of terms.'! 10,318 41,025,901 Digitized by IVHcrOsoft® MANUFACTURES— OREGON. OB MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1207 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gen^ rated in estab- lish- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. (2,922,326 120,931,577 $725,562 $878,709 $1,256,338 $61,199,376 $2,058,445 $109,761,951 $46,504,130 219,222 116,591 1,346 57,275 44,010 9,729 1,200 7,985 4,920 29,570 14,678 3,000 10,800 17,940 24,020 8,760 47,239 22,885 12,250 10,635 3,400 65,832 72,115 26,564 11,014 15,550 1,680 10,020 77,992 7,573 46,520 15,935 51,260 34,388 16,872 3,600 60,942 13,649 897 120,065 15,824 4,624 11,200 103,887 2,750 65,403 52,143 13,260 11,591 40,990 2,400 1,500 32,440 650 1,200 1,848 41,470 714,269 1,344 2,340 19,606 22,288 257 5,502 3,273 9,900 2,640 144,264 18,643 9,910 8,733 1,700 72,290 71,607 10,648 4,315 6,333 2,760 2,760 24,900 62,795 240 132,108 294 8,320 108,955 95,845 13,110 1,000 52,892 8,186 526 100,410 25,721 10,367 15,354 41,155 15,215 41,332 31,553 9,779 11,742 128,207 iSO 5,520 9,293 2,001 720 403 48,702 832 450,298 5,410 33,471 32,042 178,288 44,923 10,943 34,274 48,720 196,256 33,688 463,320 -200,751 154,219 46,532 17,947 202,760 171,679 131,764 81,743 50,021 8,069 42,630 24,623 18,007 196,136 1,343,158 46,073 61,354 5,390 76,215 207,856 156,645 51,^11 24,658 332,624 38,235 364 329,948 52,733 35,081 17,652 543,159 29,261 421,732 352,433 69,299 17,797 309,895 13,597 92,488 32,787 20,090 8,200 228,313 1,120 9,198,082 30 716 255 3,012 2,517 495 6,990 118,963 254 254 351 351 865 2,462 120 120 724 2,815 60 SO 423 270 270 4,476 300 807 460 180 320 400 3,376 7,260 44,816 9,741 576 5,568 9,330 2,190 1,915 64,378 2,805 2,050 755 1,987 23,312 17,741 7,076 5,026 2,060 9,307 6,124 1,486 17,372 960 36,440 27,315 9,125 1,400 18,813 7,356 390 40,400 6,944 2,350 4,594 27,966 15,120 9,330 1,770 7,560 3,471 "ilm 1,644 15,919 4,429 1,200 336,009 45,316 < Same number reported for one 378 1,192 158 2,268 2,500 158 869 1,198 3,675 780 18,005 9,840 5,577 4,263 88 7,709 5,982 2,453 3,529 201 1,625 1,085 440 25 1,99D 1,189 7,020 149 9,794 15,236 13,332 1,904 1,449 13,983 350 49 48,438 4,114 2,757 1,357 23,039 1,438 10,447 9,924 523 1,448 102,307 1,601 131 9,062 160 1,080 288 237,426 73 439,330 8,726 40,647 49,485 135,219 186,575 9,112 22,096 71,418 645,799 55,165 1,812,565 27,292 12,088 15,204 65,893 3,532,998 1,847,606 1,047,425 341,287 706,138 26,461 38,619 17,133 21,386 300,868 939,667 818,028 1,521,754 13,506 1,070,998 1,059,142 797,950 261,192 39,350 1,646,350 14,041 4,701 9,726,888 610,996 382,108 228,888 730,292 526,675 453,041 73,634 106,875 60,113 6,541 36,771 20,927 144,510 5,574 449,341 2,403 12,392,084 681 2,257 921 10,766 1,028 264 1,168 1,653 3,156 4,093 66,963 138,0^ 111,162 26,922 451 46,604 27,889 10,734 4,994 6,740 539 4,696 2,420 2,176 3,646 79,640 7,910 10,366 484 26,864 30,368 14,337 16,031 853 10,374 1,306 59 100,343 13,768 8,939 4,829 60,000 544 17,523 15,214 2,309 1,619 343,015 1,092 196 82,663 636 3,247 8,686 58,832 172 96,984 29,447 146,039 115,261 633,961 492,871 27,826 98,302 219,^2 1,027,246 139,647 3,325,789 621,368 395,449 125,919 102,680 4,268,652 2,929,667 1,562,077 663,566 888,611 42,076 162,969 88,264 64,705 536,237 2,583,653 906,699 2,049,844 37,168 1,392,698 2,026,894 1,680,735 445,159 106,152 2,674,624 95,691 10,463 11,192,573 877,544 639,650 337,994 1,870,640 189,654 1,336,380 1,123,050 212,330 167,297 1,528,060 43,585 28,722 375,607 86,675 187,602 25,661 1,810,440 9,550 27,509,638 20,041 103,135 64,866 387,986 306,268 18,450 75,039 146,131 478,291 80,389 1,446,261 356,992 272,199 83,793 36,336 689,160 1,054,162 493,918 317,285 176,633 15,076 109,854 68,711 41,143 231,733 1,564,346 80,661 517,724 23,178 295,836 936,384 768,448 167,936 65,949 1,017,800 80,344 5,703 1,365,342 262,780 148,503 104,277 1,090,248 129,788 791,182 654,796 136,387 68,803 1,124,032 33,799 22,985 257,273 66,112 39,846 11,401 1,302,267 6,976 15,020,670 28 262 42 293 29 8 63 60 ,263 138 689 2,411 483 74 1,408 1,016 667 338 229 20 95 51 44 737 1,370 132 329 27 287 713 293 420 76 438 17 8,565 633 574 69 2,573 8 1,074 1,492 182 30 2,482 2,650 34 163 2,028 3 96,928 40 878 10 164 2,220 1,819 401 62 456 796 403 261 142 20 59 205 42 285 29 8 63 10 375 138 383 615 635 80 12 890 162 169 77 82 200 689 132 22 537 659 180 125 40 329 27 107 581 250 331 63 438 17 534 616 605 10 70 212 3,453 151 62 563 473 90 ■2'449' 32 1,490 ••••49 'i,'39i' 248 4,366 118 49 2,290 8 1,058 966 92 30 26 48 4 912 34 114 '637 86,371 184 3,855 1 5,518 I 10 150 57 600 600 520 520 1,112 75 6,894 inths. '^igitized by . .f Same num^ ceported throughout the year. 1268 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. Table 29.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. •WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Cleri?, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, lath day of— Male. re- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 31 Lumberj planing-mill products, not including i)laDing mills connected ■with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not Including paper patterns. Musical instruments, drums, violins, and other stringed instruments. Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds . . . Paving materials Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book printing, publishing, and liifttype work. Printing andpubhshing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and pubhshing Printing, pubhshing and job printing. Pubhshing, without printing Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildiiig. New vessels Small boats, including repair work. Signs and advertising novelties, other than electric. Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves, hot-air ftimaces, and ranges. . Structural ironwork not made in steel works or rolhng mills. Tobacco, cigars .• Vinegar and cider Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Woolen goods All other industries * 33 5 5 20 4 112 105 7 12 189 7 151 905 135 77 105 20 23 30 97 35 754 699 55 468 1,240 172 250 199 166 33 56 563 104 232 26 11 694 3,388 25 2 111 100 11 7 195 60 15 130 62 3 4 7 2 47 33 14 457 190 210 57 26 2 2 27 275 27 732 42 26 615 491 24 712 163 163 148 15 442 80 161 154 19 6 648 2,779 Ap My Oc Se Ap Oe Oo Ja My 106 68 Ap Oc3 603 26 No My 251 727 My 178 Mh Mh Ap De My Oc Au De Mh Ap My Ap 205 18 40 200 164 41 712 De De Je Mh Aus Ja8 De3 Au Des 625 74 45 U 36 Je 474 De3 22 Ja De Fe My Ja Je De Aps Au8 Jas 33 400 63 119 141 7 661 733 12 18 65 44 52/ 503 24 232 729 163 161 149 12 154 167 42 7 21 26 633 733 S4 11 16 45 44 441 417 24 846 223 623 161 161 149 12 482 82 154 142 42 7 389 80 103 8 95 "'i' 238 11 $2,823,421 246,640 165,709 167,891- 14,273 6,179 33,031 392,619 112,362 227,781 1,250,941 1,157,189 93,762 2,870,709 503,281 2,216,544 150,884 743,419 435,199' 37,111 181,916 3,477,641 301,875 167,106 119,208 17,460 35,827 14,280 1,867,987 27,718,300 * All other industries embrace: Artificial limbs 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 2 Baking powders and yeast 2 Belting leather 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Boots and shoes 4 Boxes, cigar 1 Brushes, toilet 2 Buttons 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials 3 Charcoal -2 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, men's 1 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 2 Dairymen's and poultrymen'a sup- plies 2 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 3 Engraving and die sinking. .-. 2 Fertilizers 2 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Furs, dressed 1 Galvanizing 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Grease and tallow, soap stock 1 Hair work ', 2 Hardware 2 Hardware, saddlery 2 Hats and caps other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Hats, fur-felt 2 Hosiery and knit goods - 1 Instruments, profMsIonaland scien- tific 2 Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills — 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets..., -.-..; -- 2 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Labels and tags .■'■ 1 Lapidary work 2 Lead, bar, pipe, andsheet 1 Leather goods not elsewhere speci- fied 1 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. POKTLAHD— All industries. Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobile repairing. Awnings, tents, and sails Boxes and cartons, paper Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk . . Canning and preserving Carriages, wagons, and repairs Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Engraving, steel and copper-plate, including plate printing. Flavoring extracts 837 14,421 34 46 255 116 104 774 143 221 168 62 193 409 566 52 ' Owned power nSnlj? 716 664 tiz^dby'Mit 1,360 408 11,273 20 35 176 . 84 90 636 126 124 135 40 99 301 430 36 Jy 11,936 Ap Au' Oc Ja Au Je Je Au Oc ?y Ja 29 38 197 99 102 653 165 140 373 10 109 336 De 10,665 Ja Ja Ja De' Je No De3 Fe Fe De Mh' Au De Se 31 158 68 74 509 81 110 S3 4 <2 11,875 10,404 1,419 15 37 34 32 177 84 81 487 201 113 325 36 96 330 332 36 2 34 32 176 23 30 358 201 99 79 36 S3 96 323 28 1 "61 51 129 1 14 226 5 15 42 232 9 8 1 1 ....„ $48,670,058 57,261 47,965 180,370 346,696 168,236 1,222,775 840,691 675,589 267,749 43,981 756,657 987,545 5,292,511 56,122 9,423 9 rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— OREGON. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1269 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, Includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.i" Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. t78,233 13,490 6,000 7,840 5,280 5,600 3,920 4,765 112,365 110,285 2,080 188,741 52,910 102,724 33,107 17,432 5,060 3,600 1,460 2,080 66,100 16,712 23,653 4,751 7,800 1,200 875 29,662 361,903 J71,979 13,120 5,508 4,360 60 2,200 5,060 5,799 1,740 74,824 57,341 17,483 549,709 177,774 286,324 85,611 28,910 3,070 3,070 5,230 98,577 4,350 17,545 2,640 2,645 42,009 321,679 $547,897 85,001 40,386 36,796 11,220 1,248 10,139 13,454 21,813 21,858 471,539 438,926 32,613 863,263 229,797 633,466 135,582 157,960 142,681 15,279 39,777 308,717 74,724 140,890 108,614 13,438 5,184 11,064 12,264 372,957 1,932,604 111,125 474 100 401 491 33,648 24,179 9,469 185,867 2,304 12,288 171,275 326 900 114 458 350 10,331 $18,707 9,090 6,343 5,12^ lj754 1,008 3,708 2,353 5,795 77,779 75,593 2,186 102,357 24,967 63,254 14, 136 21,840 4,369 3,566 803 12,964 7,750 7,403 10,732 10,214 1,900 780 874 1,474 93,394 $20,826 1,532 .1,104 2,272 86 46 103 1,783 376 2,020 8,107 7,756 361 23,234 4,159 18,487 4,822 3,734 3,005 729 395 9,528 1,337 3,338 23,004 346 216 295 21 12,898 117,214 $1,322,160 141,540 112,484 82,671 4,201 6,477 21,084 120,729 107,973 89,976 525,167 613,840 11,327 935,639 290,059 611,278 34,302 607,139 111,557 96,662 •16,905 50,922 6,142,410 125,635 396,162 147,238 47,924 10,064 13,701 10,366 898,430 7,332,527 $36,389 4,554 2,226 2,926 756 203 171 1,726 740 7,728 20,115 18,404 1,711 42,961 9,122 33,359 480 4,228 2,891 2,481 410 141 60,045 3,743 6,398 946 580 30O 198 454 44,656 540, 843 $2,378,642 346,127 210,885 211,094 32,815 17,132 63,566 160,935 216,714 130,752 1,688,827 1,678,306 110,521 4,126,752 1,074,898 2,619,620 532,234 952,394 332,074 292, 165 39,909 152,627 7,486,920 289,037 649,604 383,048 113,314 30,085 36,514 27,187 1,701,587 12,640,998 $1,020,093 V 200,033 96,175 125,497 277868 11,462 42,311 108,001 33,048 1,143,645 1,046,062 97,483 3, 148, 162 775,717 1,874,983 497,452 341,027 217,626 194,032 23,594 101,564 1,284,465 159,759 248,044 234,864 64,810 19,721 22,615 16,367 768,601 4,767,628 4,633 278 171 135 47 4 11 137 25 1,201 680 667 13 6,470 441 6,026 3 190 445 324 121 6 1,344 88 195 2 94 22 60 74 1,670 71,462 2,295 1 29 70 2,267 249 171 101 47 4 11 137 2 486 676 663 13 6,368 439 6,926 3 149 147 104 43 6 1,144 88 195 2 40 22 6 20' 20 25 6 3 20 716 3 2 2 2 2 72 2 70 30 ""so 41 247 213 34 51 7 44 187 6 7 30 24 60 25 353 12,787 49 490 9,743 ■■■■239' 202 111 625 48,821 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 .21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 Xiiquors, vinous 1 Lithographing 1 Lubricating greases.... 1 Millinery andlace goods 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 - Mucilage and paste. 2 Musical instruments, pianos 1 Musical instruments, piano, ma- terials 1 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes. . l Oil, linseed.. 1 Oil,flsh 1 Paper and wood pulp 5 Photographic apparatus Photoengraving Pickles and sauces Pipes, tobacco Placed ware. .^ Pocketbooks .1. Pottery, earthen and stone ware- Printing materials Rice, cleaning and polishing Roofing materials, metal Rubber goods Safes Shipbuilding, iron and steel. Shirts Show cases Soap . Sporting and athletic goods Statuar r and art goods. Steam ntting and steam and hot water heating apparatus 1 Steam packing 2 Stencils and brands 2 2 2 Stereotyping andelectrotyping. Surgical appliances Tobacco, smoking 1 Tools 2 Trunks and valises 6 Typewriters and supplies 1 Umbrellas and canes 2 Upholstering materials, excelsior ... 2 Wall plaster 1 Waste 1 Window and door screens 2 Wood distillation 1 Wood preserving. 3 Wool pulling 1 Wool scouring 1 CITIES OF 50',000 INHABITANTS OB MORE- ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTHilES. $1,431,406 $1,830,081 $8,541,997 $239,229 $668,504 $617,598 $33,220,440 $678,213- $55,697,440 $21,798,787 3,600 4,920 28,370 14,678 17,940 46,639 6,464 36,710 16,065 46,520 32,888 58,992 13,649 897 2,340 18,606 22,288 3,273 131,935 7,824 46,361 27,686 2,760 132, 108 94,805 52, 592 8,186 17,468 32,042 171,955 44,923 48, 720 353,543 62,072 91,'688 72,274 34,124 61,354 137,315 311,321 38,235 364 7,666 967 351 2,462 2,710 60 60 3,280 7,260 42, 676 9,741 9,330 36,937 1,160 14,128 6,303 8,350 17,372 19,390 15,935 7,356 390 563 158 1,841 2,500 1,198 14,748 6,150 2,819 2,184 1,472 7,020 12, 744 13,669 350 526 3 Same number reported for one or more monthsT 25 149 49,485 128,884 186, 575 71,418 1,393,541 15,728 1,423,156 311,441 26,310 1,521,764 731, 692 1,496,638 14,041 Digit'fied bf 674 921 10,278 1,028 1,653 37,914 61, 159 21,248 4,260 3,590 10,366 11, 193 9,082 1,306 84,293 115,261 508, 418 492, 871 219,202 2,526,548 212, 804 1,726,341 585,403 120,934 2, 049, 844 1,450,922 2,446,524 95,691 58,570 64,855 369, 256 305, 268 146, 131 1,085,093 135,917 281,93? 269, 702 91,034 517, 724 708, 037 940,804 80,344 36,188 35 42 269 29 60 438 947 192 70 329 260 389 17 18,572 40 161 757 95 141 40 58 22 17,558 33 42 269 29 10 255 190 494 61 70 329 220 389 17 Mf&Wsoft® * Same number reported throughout the year. 1,644 1270 MANUFACTURES— OREGON. Table 29.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE. AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS > INBUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. "WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATTVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- lend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day oJ— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PORTLAITD— Continued. Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstuff preparations, maca- roni and meat products. AH other preparations for hximan consumption. Foundry and machine-shop products Fur goods Furniture Wood, other than rattan and willow. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Gas and electric fixtures Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hand stamps Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lumber and timber products Lumber; planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musicalinstruments, drums, violins, and other stringed instruments. Optical goods Printing and publishing, book and j ob Job printing >k printu Printing and publishing.newspapers Book printmg, publistiing, and ;ype woi ndpubli and periodicals. linoi pe: Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and Job printmg. Publishing, without printing Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden,includiiigboat building. Signs and advertising novelties, other than electric. Structural Ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. ■ Tobacco, cigars Wirework, mcludmg wire rope and cable. All other industries * 11 3 6 6 5 79 72 '7 57 4 9 44 18 5 13 7 22 4 197 258 128 73 55 588 54 671 567 104 38 26 18 75 59 2,208 456 662 607 55 1,011 440 417 164 187 48 55 193 95 11 4,268 58 11 42 1 4 37 20 7 13 5 23 4 175 192 44 30 14 356 187 118 51 22 1 3 15 2 287 13 64 183 79 471 35 608 519 67 18 10 1 11 472 448 24 471 218 253 131 40 36 161 69 6 3,550 Oc Oc Fo Do 235 57 <8 529 51 Fe Ja Ap' Fes Be' Au Ja Ap My S« Ap Oc 551 102 24 23 8 79 49 2,344 435 79 21 14 *1 13 Ap Oc' 464 26 No De 261 My My Ap Oc Fe Mh 144 72 40 200 Ap 129 My No My 48 <8 428 21 Au No No» Je Ja Ja & 465 77 De 1,620 No 333 De De Au» Ja! 53 15 8 U 10 Je 432 De3 22 Jy 206 Ja 243 Se De Pe Je Au 119 6 33 119 64 3 209 91 445 51 600 522 78 45 43 2,130 394 67 17 9 1 12 481 457 24 215 261 131 52 38 154 209 76 445 19 595 617 78 45 43 2,129 394 67 16 9 1 11 408 384 24 459 208 251 129 52 37 154 32 17 $4,648,208 633,148 247,245 1,680,641 153,084 1,765,010 1,611,417 153,593 96,157 155,788 9,475 715,459 28,620 7,500,535 1,207,193 168,480 14,281 14,273 6,179 33,031 1,071,658 977,906 93,752 1,414,442 446,770 842,163 125,609 563,834 236,856 181,916 598,099 62,749 17,460 14,751,111 *A11 other industries embrace: Artificial limbs 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 2 Baking powders and yeast 1 Baskets, and rattan and willowware 2 Belting, leather 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 1 Bookbindingandblankbookmaking 5 B oots and shoes 4 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brass, bronze, and copper 5 Brooms 4 Brushes, toilet 2 Buttons 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriage and wagon materials 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 3 Charcoal 1 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, men's 1 Coffiins, burial cases, and undertak- ers'goods 2 Cooperage 4 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring extracts 2 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeingandfimshing textiles 1 Electrical machinery apparatus and supplies 1 Enpnes, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving and die sinking 2 Fertilizers 1 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Galvanizing 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Hair work 2 Hardware 2 Hardware, saddlery 1 Hats and caps, other than lelt, straw, and wool ; 2 Hats,fur-felt 2 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Icecream 3 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 Iron and steel, steel works and roU- ingmills 1 Iron and steel bolts, nuts, washers andrivets 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 Astoria 57 37 18 67 1,375 322 89 934 46 40 12 62 38 14 9 46 94 21 4 74 25 9 5 20 1,172 238 59 732 Si S^c 1,353 270 71 927 De No De Ap 993 215 49 556 1,254 225 66 1,084 1,204 177 57 606 49 48 9 458 1 $5,293,138 651,351 230,209 2,365,366 2 Eugene 3 Medford 4 Salem 20 1 Owned power only. > Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— OREGON . OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1271 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. Tor con- tract work. Kent and taxes. Tor materials. Primary horsepower. horse- power gene- rated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- 'ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. 156,884 15,821 4,621 11,200 80,614 2,760 58,122 44,862 13,260 11,591 2,400 1,500 20,890 650 131,677 41,580 13,490 800 107,805 105,726 2,080 129,611 47,990 50,484 31, 137 14,312 2,080 23,553 1,451 1,200 380,013 '{65,478 25,721 10,367 15,354 32,526 15,215 40,072 30,293 9,779 11,742 480 5,520 5,956 2,001 105,784 40,727 8,400 1,800 60 2,200 71,634 54,161 17,483 424,696 173,822 172,502 78,372 24,880 1,220 6,230 17,545 2,640 368,264 $134,985 52,733 35,081 17,652 396,659 29,261 388,647 319,348 69,299 17, 797 13,597 45,610 32,787 1,620,057 64,440 12,330 11,220 1,248 10, 139 427,641 394,928 32,613 478,684 216,099 262,585 107,572 37,464 39, 777 140,890 51,786 5,184 2,642,915 $270 270 4,137 300 807 180 19,398 323 275 31,972 22,503 9,469 166,206 2,023 6,412 147,771 326 900 '266 $37,890 6,944 2,360 4,594 21,100 15,120 8,750 1,190 7,560 3,471 1,340 1,644 14,580 4,429 24,449 12,175 7,806 880 1,754 1,008 3,708 67, 822 65,636 2,186 57,602 23,167 22, 651 11,784 13,636 2,074 12,964 10, 732 4,742 780 131, 407 $18,997 4,114 2,757 1,367 17,498 1,438 9,436 8,913 523 1,448 1,501 131 4,643 160 103, 169 9,425 817 128 86 46 103 6,722 6,371 361 13,675 3,896 9,204 575 2,737 2,460 395 3,338 9,542 216 238,028 $4,651,837 610,996 382, 108 519,901 69,222 492,415 418,781 73,634 106,875 8,694 5,541 13,691 20,927 3,943,127 578,827 107,708 16,768 4,201 5,477 21,084 483,034 471, 707 11,327 703,947 284,952 385,063 33,942 519, 840 18,572 50, 922 395, 162 61,357 10,064 12, 410, 738 $47,007 13, 768 32,430 644 16,033 13,724 2,309 1,619 1,092 196 47,476 536 14,474 3,669 347 756 203 171 16,841 16, 130 1,711 18,008 8,007 9,521 480 2,974 160 141 6,398 219 300 $5,228,912 877,544 539,550 337,994 1,383,591 189,554 1,247,005 1,034,675 212,330 167,297 43,585 28,722 177,590 86,575 6,586,719 1,082,843 264,265 45,690 32,815 17,132 63,566 1,520,306 1,409,785 110,521 2,634,823 1,028,832 1,134,151 471,840 790, 154 79,925 152,627 649,604 160,358 30,085 19,510,734 $5,300,068 . 252,780 148,503 104,277 831,260 129,788 738,557 602,170 136,387 58,803 33,799 22,985 116,423 66,112 2,629,118 494,047 152,988 29,475 27,858 11,452 42,311 1,020,431 922,948 97,483 1,912,868 735, 873 739,577 437,418 267,340 61, 193 101,664 248,044 98, 782 19, 721 6,841,645 1,925 633 574 59 1,813 8 1,466 1,284 182 30 48 4 1,213 34 12, 181 1,793 226 9 47 4 11 592 579 13 846 421 421 3 171 84 6 195 10 515 506 10 1,915 118 69 49 1,813 8 1,023 931 92 30 48 4 253 34 720 703 197 7 47 4 11 592 579 13 845 421 421 3 130 38 6 195 ■■■'eoo' 600 520 520 75 ■■■■i44" 20 20 443 353 90 960 11,461 1,090 2 29 41 46 22 9,172 22 6,397 245 2,770 5 Lapidary work 2 I*ad, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 2 Liquors, malt 3 Lithographing 1 Looking-glass and picture frames. . . 2 Mattresses and spnng beds 7 Millinery and lace goods — 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Uucilage and paste 1 Musical instrumeais, pianos 1 Musical instruments, piano and or- gan materials 1 Oil, linseed 1 Pamts 4 Patent medicines and compounds . . 18 Photographic apparatus 2 Photoengraving 2 Pipes, tobacco 1 Plated ware 2 Pottery, earthen and stone ware . . Printing materials Bice, cleaning and polishing Booflng materials Bubber goods Safes. Saws Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 Shirts 1 Show cases 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Soap 4 Statuaryand art goods 1 Steam packing 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stereotyping and electrotypiug 2 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 6 Surgical appliances 2 Tobacco, smoking 1 Tools 2 Trunks and valises 5 Typewriters and supplies 1 Umbrellas and canes 2 Vinegar and cider. 1 Waste : 1 Window and door screens 2 Wood preserving 1 Wood turned, and carved 2 Wooden goods 3 Wool puUing 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED. $85,396 16,662 13,443 70,652 $112,029 22,540 6,325 77,215 $865,633 166,770 62,180 403,703 $78,690 6,945 $26,226 12,086 4,119 23,561 $55,138 6,318 3,412 34,705 $2,603,881 390,088 58,171 1,577,959 $45,001 17,192 7,407 59,256 $4,587,301 810,346 183,023 2,845,844 $1,938,419 403,066 117,445 1,208,629 8,090 1,061 441 3,185 6,312 336 25 1,940 70 50 40 245 3 123 1,705 652 376 1,000 i?" 1 2 3 6,136 3 Same number reported throughout the year. i Same number reported for one or more other montlis Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by Microsoft® PENNSYLVANIA. By Edwaed B. White. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Peimsylvania is one of the original tliirteen states. With a gross area of 45,126 square nules, of which 44,832 square miles represent land surface, it ranks thirty-second in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 6,302,115, and in 1910, 7,665,111; and its estimated population in 1914 was 8,246,000. In total population Pennsylvania has ranked second only to New York at each census since and including that of 1830 ; in density of population it ranked sixth in 1910, with 171 in- habitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 bemg 140.6. The lu-ban population in 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — :was 4,630,669, or 60.4 per cent of the total, as against 54.7 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 71 cities and boroughs, each with an estimated population of more than 10,000. These cities and boroughs, whose aggregate population in that year was estimated to represent 49 per cent of the total population of Pennsylvania, reported 63.1 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. Philadelphia alone, with 1,658,000, or 20.1 per cent of the estimated total popxilation, reported 27.7 per cent of the total value of products. The steam-raUway mileage in 1914, according to the annual report of the Interstate Commerce Com- mission, was 11,634, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which statistics are avail- able) was 3,898. Water-transportation facilities are afforded by Lake Erie on the northwest and by a number of canals and navigable rivers. The soil of Pennsylvania, except in the mountains, is fertile and adapted to agriculture and grazing. The total value of farm crops grown in the state in 1909 was $166,739,898, of which $27,330,860 was con- tributed by com, $22,920,638, by wheat, and $14,421,972, by oats; and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms amounted to $45,305,107. The state ranked thirteenth in that year in total value of farm crops and in total value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms, sixteenth in production of corn, eleventh in that of wheat, and twelfth in that of oats. In value of fruits and nuts grown in 1909, Pennsylvania, with Digitized by $10,794,157, was outranked by CaHfornia, New York, and Michigan only. In mineral production Pennsylvania leads all other states. Its coal beds are the most extensive in the United States, and its anthracite deposits are the largest mined anywhere in the world. The total prod- uct of its mines, quarries, and wells in 1914, accord- ing to the annual report of the United States Geologi- cal Survey, was valued at $452,374,085, of which $188,181,399 was contributed by anthracite and $159,006,296 by bitmninous coal. Pennsylvania's combined production of these two kinds of coal in that year represented 46.5 per cent of the quantity and 50.9 per cent of the value of the total output of such minerals in the United States. Except for a small quantity from Colorado, the entire production of anthracite comes from this state. The value of merchandise imported through the customs district of Philadelphia during the fiscal year 1914 was $96,483,412, and that of merchandise exported was $65,182,514. Importance and growth of manufactures. — Pennsyl- vania's manufactured products in 1914 were valued at $2,832,349,437, and the average number of wage earners employed in its manufacturing industries was 924,478. The state ranked second in these two items both in 1914 and 1909. Measured by jralue, the manufactures of Pennsylvania in 1914 represented 11.7 per cent of the total for the United States, as compared with 12.7 per cent in 1909. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined, in the state of Pennsylvania, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census. The figures in the table show a general increase in the manufacturing activities of the state, but relatively smaller gains in aU items from 1909 to 1914 than from 1904 to 1909." The decrease in the ntunber of es- tabhshments reported in 1914 is more than accounted for by the decUne in the lumber industry. During the interval between censuses, 319 lumber mills either went out of business or were absorbed by larger concerns. The reduction in the number of proprietors and firm members is explained in the comments on Table 5. Microsoft® (1273) 1274 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 1 MANUrACTUEING INDUSTBIES. 19U 1909 1901 1899 PE3 CENT OP INCBEASE.' 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid lor contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of ma- terials) 27,521 1,060,562 28,034 108,050 924,478 3,549,858 33,149,411,089 672,563,002 144,610,485 527,952,517 20, 604, 279 52,456,012 1,688,920,716 2,832,349,437 1,143,428,721 27,563 1,002,171 29,743 94,885 877,543 2,921,547 $2,749,005,975 566,524,032 110,897,242 455,6S6,790 14,582,289 41,552,086 1,582,559,988 2,626,742,034 1,044,182,046 23,495 855,392 26,029 66,081 763,282 2,302,398 $1,995,836,988 441,229,897 73,269,007 367,960,890 13,344,850 '13,969,474 1,142,942,707 1,955,551,332 812,608,625 23,462 O m 43,935 663,960 1,716,694 $1,449,814,740 343,021,028 46,145,480 296.875,548 k 958,301.272 1,649,882^0 691,581,108 -0.2 5.8 -5.7 13.9 5.3 21.5 14.6 18.7 30.4 15.9 41.3 26.2 6.7 7.8 9.5 17.3 17.2 143 43.6 15.0 26.9 37.7 28.4 51.4 23.8 9.3 38.5 343 28.5 0.1 504 15.0 341 37.7 28.6 58.8 19.3 18.5 17.5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 1914. Num berof estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. PEB CENT OF INCBEASE.l Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1904 All industries.. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills Foundry and macftine-shop prod- ucts Iron and steel, blast furnaces Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Silk goods, including throwsters. . Leather, taimed, curried, and fin- ished Printing and pubhshingj- Slaughtering and meat packing Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats Hosiery and knit goods Tobacco manufactures Bread and other bakery products- Petroleum, refining Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Sugar, refining, not including beet sugar , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes Flour-mill and gristmill products. Coke, not including gas-house coke. Clothing, men's, including shirts.. Glass Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Clothing, women's Tin plate and terueplate Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cement Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Paper and wood pulp Furniture and refrigerators Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carpets and rugs, other than rag. . . Chemicals Iron and steel, wrought pipe Gas, illuminating and heating Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Confectionery Paint and varnish Liquors, distilled ....'.'.'..' Butter, cheese, and condensed rniiV 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 58- figures can not be given. aumoo, 27,521 1,887 52 163 284 120 1,538 166 203 2,194 2,987 48 215 2,348 3 105 1,265 108 699 103 12 483 13 155 26 146 53 324 377 63 39 12 99 431 281 114 71 387 924,478 131,955 91,820 11,518 54,729 44,755 11,988 26,909 3,687 24,461 41,130 37, 370 15, 157 4,902 7,512 21,297 1,741 14,866 2,595 9,871 21, 126 23,606 9,955 17,217 2,368 14,640 7,910 13,414 7,447 12,088 18,976 9,569 4,748 3,990 2,796 6,818 6,465 2,643 771 1,309 100.0 $2,832,349,437 100.0 14.3 9.9 1.2 1.3 2.9 0.4 2.6 4.4 4.0 1.6 0.5 0.8 2.3 0.2 1.6 0.3 1.1 2.3 2.6 1.1 1.9 0.3 1.6 0.9 1.5 0.8 1.3 2.1 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 448,106,324 233,616,370 135,806,067 93,608,049 86,938,554 85,252,532 84,976,922 65,981,384 64,408,670 64,153,449 54,213,048 64,139,906 52,875,101 60,362,792 49,948,523 45,936,147 44,395,789 43,626,356 42,996,443 40,370,330 39,797,822 39,831,095 37,059,174 36,795,990 32,400,446 29,080,593 28,989,470 25,439,346 25,154,840 24,466,846 23,099,647 22,387,835 17,776,655 16,745,216 16,686,372 16,667,797 16,004,616 15,950,605 15,687,299 15.8 8.2 4.8 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.3 2.3 2^3 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 $1,143,428,721 162,724,240 124,627,129 20,304,678 44,451,003 38,143,073 16,943,812 57,498,445 7,707,944 19,927,012 26,397,148 30,058,796 22,454,532 8,490,607 34,660,271 25,690,454 3,837,749 27,155,769 6,529,474 13,176,406 20,005,740 24,256,117 10,464,404 16,716,783 4,862,109 14,836,918 13,253,558 11,562,111 9,392,789 13,384,521 15,739,520 8,634,107 9,772,454 4,274,631 10,305,081 7,535,044 6,568,341 0,604,723 12,406,749 2,670,417 100.0 5.3 34.3 18.5 9.5 17.5 14.2 10.9 1.8 3.9 3.3 1.5 5.0 0.7 1.7 2.3 2.6 2.0 0.7 3.0 2.2 0.3 2.4 0.6 1.2 1.7 2.1 0.9 1.5 0.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.4 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.6 O.S LI 0.2 17.0 5.8 20.7 17.3 22.7 -14.4 9.0 ^10.8 7.7 12.6 24.0 69.0 3.8 -20.7 14.9 4.7 11.5 35.5 -2.8 10.6 20.6 13.0 35.6 7.9 11.5 -31.4 23.4 -LO -13.7 46.5 28.0 7.6 12.2 46.7 -1.5 30.6 21.6 48.2 28.1 30.2 12.4 10.9 -19.4 23.1 40.1 9.4 20.4 27.3 -16.8 -29.2 8.1 18.1 -0.4 5.6 -134 34.8 6.7 -35.6 -10.6 -0.4 28.2 9.7 0.9 -10.1 -2.1 24.0 11.9 21.8 U.2 -16.9 49.1 3.0 -10.4 (>) 19.5 32.7 6.5 11.2 17.2 -7.6 51.0 34.4 14.0 42.2 80.7 -3.1 6.7 24.1 20.4 12.7 23.3 5.1 -16.1 -5.6 27.1 8.2 35.7 14.4 9.5 32.4 -3.4 20.3 33.9 9.4 2.2 7.1 -6.5 4.6 53.4 -10.3 -2.8 22.0 22.1 4.0 6.2 -17.1 -8.3 36.6 11.3 0.2 16.1 24.8 41,6 -2.6 -17.0 1.7 21.3 44.8 12.9 45.8 -4.5 54.2 43.4 28.0 32.7 9.7 -7.2 40.1 -2.8 5.7 -3.0 23.1 14.2 11.0 15.8 37.5 37.4 66.9 24.6 57.8 12.2 28.2 56.6 38.5 61.2 22.7 37.4 11.9 36.9 1.3 9.3 5.8 41.7 26.6 36.4 29.6 14.7 40.5 24.9 60.6 35.7 19.5 6.2 -5.0 13.6 -23.4 28.3 •41.8 -9.-9 20.2 10.0 -12.7 17.6 2.1 21.2 60.3 -1.3 -14.8 30.1 25.4 20.8 78.6 34.2 22.7 47.2 22.1 51.9 18.0 31.6 33.8 37.2 -7.1 10.6 -43!6 43.9 34.7 6.1 33.7 27.6 7.4 34.4 20.4 44.6 14.4 13.5 12.1 19.4 16.3 79.1 25.1 18.6 41.6 117.7 30.5 29.0 84.2 35.8 29.0 48.3 23.6 -8.3 35.7 90.1 46.5 77.5 34.4 20.5 193.1 17.0 37.4 30.3 29.8 6.5 25.7 0.9 29.0 54.4 3.3 7.6 26.6 26.9 28.1 17.3 -37.5 37.3 35.6 34.6 3.0 -8.5 12.5 52.4 -1.3 -27.0 09 20.2 22.9 13.9 108.1 -2.1 51.5 41.8 10.8 35.0 -15.6 69.1 .1 -12.2 -9.7 23.0 16.3 10.2 42.8 19.6 24.4 29.6 31.3 10.0 61.7 104.4 33.3 26.6 48.9 36.4 22.3 35.1 16.3 -1.8 28.1 74.3 53.2 76.2 27.4 34.9 330.6 -2.9 92.4 12.9 31.$ 3.1 17.8 -20.7 32.4 19.2 2.4 16.1 17.1 32.3 29.0 11.5 -35.5 62.4 35.3 31.5 -24.1 -3L0 22.0 a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where the base is less than 100, or where comparable Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1275 Table 2— Continued. CENSUS OP 1914. Num- ber of estab- Ush- meuts. Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. PEB CENT OP INCKEASE.1 Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufactnre. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Dyeing and flnishing textiles Canning and preserving Patent medicmes and compounds and druggists' preparations Chocolate and cocoa products Oil, not elsewhere spedfled . Carriages and wagons and mate- rials Rubber goods, not elsewhere speci- fied , Hats, fur-felt Marble and stone work Soap Automobiles, including bodies and parts , Brass, bronze, and copper products Shipbuilding, including boat build- mg , Confectionery (ice cream) Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Food preparations, not elsewhere specified , Oilcloth and linoleum, floor Cordage and twine and Jute goods . . CoSee and spic^, roasting and grinding Leather goods Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets Boxes, &noy and paper Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere -pacified nery and lace goods Fertilliets Explosives Ice, manufactured Iron and steel forgings Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified Mineral and soda waters Steam packing Fumisning goods, men's . Agricultural implements. Boofing materials Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Umbrellas and canes...: Dental goods Wall paper, not made in paper mills Lime : Cork, cutting CofiSns, burial cases, and under- takers' goods Smelting and refining, not from the ore Paving materials Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad Wood distillation Wirewoik, including wirerope and cable, not elsewhere specified Waste .Grease and tallow, not elsewhere specified Mattresses and spring beds das and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors Wool pulling Wood preserving Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works and rolling mills 150 84 324 7 38 687 19 27 602 50 80 107 33 376 77 131 5 28 77 280 25 101 114 47 33 189 43 125 482 34 80 33 17 32 45 45 12 265 10 32 15 111 6,389 3,096 2,833 1,766 477 6,370 3,172 6,714 7,166 1,159 1,940 4,773 1,677 4,111 1,512 1,803 2,678 686 2,738 2,547 5,140 2,002 2,972 1,185 1,179 629 590 1,327 142 181 749 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.6 3,504 3,585 1,110 0.4 0.4 0.1 1,037 2,124 2,205 0.1 0.2 0.2 1,643 1,151 0.2 0.1 1,637 2,138 2,018 566 1,408 2 2 2 0.1 0.2 2,141 1,645 0.2 0.2 1,287 3,128 1,787 01 3 2 1,382 2 177 2,267 (■') 2 2 0.3 0.1 01 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 $15,451,676 14,949,551 14,721,331 12,342,217 12,272,896 12,261,637 12,176,847 11,040,820 10,631,294 10,098,393 10,084,083 9,779,626 9,539,865 8, 171, 198 8,039,926 7,291,254 7,165,362 6,776,207 6,967,154 6,758,088 6,562,382 6,645,932 6,486,431 6,272,893 6,177,610 6,003,048 5, 194, 493 5,166,761 5, 160, 253 5,078,746 6,002,709 4,975,486 4,843,655 4,602,466 4,557,891 4,469,659 4,362,422 4,152,855 3,948,018 3,721,515 3,671,698 3,611,861 3,674,002 3,443,910 3,421,052 3,417,199 3,409,050 3,285,380 3,129,735 3,063,127 2,863,531 2,671,891 2,557,436 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 3 3 2 0.2 0.2 0.2 2 0.2 2 0.2 2 2 0.2 2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 2 2 0.1 01 0.1 0.1 01 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 01 01 0.1 0.1 01 01 0.1 $6,995,888 7,410,126 8,247,755 4,796,211 4,735,350 6,819,802 4,877,595 7,152,290 6,810,444 3,496,991 4,525,602 2,666,413 4,742,590 3,272,940 5,091,721 2,481,752 2,518,459 1,719,044 1,958,483 3,269,135 2,417,654 3,568,601 3,582,336 3,393,112 2,007,431 1,896,008 3,741,469 2,453,681 1,726,414 2,848,463 2,298,091 1,826,516 2,936,361 1,674,047 1,872,727 1,506,326 2,185,916 1,567,930 2,554,693 1,627,483 1,666,360 293,920 2,100,627 1,756,960 2.277,982 1,199,611 1,353,369 739,243 797,540 1,323,542 1,530,506 596,970 180,535 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.4 2 0.4 0.3 4 2 0.2 2 0.2 0.3 2 03 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 2 2 3 01 2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 2 2 0.2 01 0.1 01 0.1 01 01 01 5.0 12.5 2.6 103.5 23.6 -15.0 163.2 -7.0 -22.6 -3.2 -3.6 -6.7 32.7 24.3 18.8 145.9 0.5 -2.8 0.8 0.3 185.4 44.8 16.6 56.3 100.8 1.1 465.2 22.7 69.8 42.4 34.1 -2.1 46.4 -10.3 843.3 -4.8 -8.0 28.1 57.6 16.3 156.5 18.4 -3.8 169.8 -15.2 -8.1 10.7 54.4 16.7 54.4 77.7 17.6 126.4 2.5 10.9 -3.6 33.5 6.8 105.4 73.4 9.9 77.2 72.4 31.1 432.8 73.2 24.9 92.6 1,138.4 27.6 '26.'4' 44.0 8.5 17.9 11.6 -17.6 -16.3 -9.3 4 32.3 -4.6 8 18.9 -2.4 43.8 -16.0 -7.2 3.8 -7.6 53.5 21.9 -4.0 3.5 25.3 -14.1 34.8 -5.'i' 1.5 0.1 22.2 10 2 13.8 102.7 27.8 15.2 29.9 47.4 9.0 6.5 401 2.1 3 8.5 49.9 -40 2 -3.7 62.8 -28.7 4.0 53.8 12.3 158.4 18.3 -3.2 237.6 -10 7 -13.2 10.1 82.4 -6.8 36.8 3.1 64.7 19.5 36.7 149.5 -24.8 6.8 5.7 29.6 3.9 340.2 8.8 6.2 73.3 67.8 9.4 297.0 -32.6 8.5 94.6 45.3 91.1 819.1 —29.7 -16.8 5.3 -9.2 21.4 75.6 120.8 25.2 42.6 32.9 12.6 12.8 82.7 "53.'i 116.4 -15.4 20.9 9.7 37.7 -14.8 27.1 -14.2 48.6 -3.3 40 8 4.6 'si.'? 30 3 12.7 41.0 22.5 16.0 28.2 -191 -7.4 -5.6 -6.0 7.7 -11.8 11.5 26.2 0.3 9 OS 37.7 22.6 -11.6 68.9 12.4 18.1 26.5 33.2 1.0 -6.5 110.9 13.0 64.2 32.7 37.9 146.4 69 2 64.3 76.1 16.6 43.4 22.9 44.0 -4.2 -29.2 33.5 -4.'?' 28.9 -11.0 30.8 55.5 76.4 12.4 64.6 44.0 -1.3 23.7 119.0 '56.'9 -1.4 17.6 22.2 32.9 -6.6 -12.6 27.8 4.5 '45.'2 63. i 47.4 22.4 18.8 23.3 -22.0 12.5 4.0 -17.6 4.0 -9.4 5.2 8.9 14.6 8.0 -7.8 47.0 25.3 -21.2 53.9 13.1 10 9 25.6 41.0 -50.9 34.0 61.8 6.4 62.5 29.8 23.2 136.4 63.8 61.7 71.8 6.6 41.1 -15.7 41.3 -7.4 -17.8 ii'i -10.1 29.2 67.9 66.3 13.6 36.7 35.1 10.7 31.4 132.6 "49.'6 5.4 53.2 11.2 31.6 -6.7 -25.2 9.3 19.1 '28.'7 56.4 4.2 -6.6 21.7 27.0 21.8 101 107.7 -26.3 -27.9 17.0 -7.6 24.5 15.4 11.0 21.7 118.2 -4.3 -12.6 1.1 —11.1 37.8 -6.0 9.7 15.9 113.0 -7.8 -1.1 19.6 17.6 32.3 -106 27.1 0.7 -4.1 -0.3 -6.1 37.8 —3.3 28.5 11.0 16.5 6.7 1.2 -27.7 48.7 -11.2 29.0 -a 2 0.9 21.9 17.2 I Percentages are based on figures in Table 54; a can not be given. > Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 0.1 2,457,683 0.1 1,038,669 0.1 -30.6 65.1 minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where the base 33.8 62.6 -31.8 31.4 . is less than 100, or where comparable figures Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1276 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 2— Continued. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. CENSUS OF 19U. Average number. Wage earners. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value of products. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Value added by manufacture. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. PER CENT OF mcREASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 1904- 19o9 1899- 1904 Value of products. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Value added by manufacture. 1904- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1-904 Minerals and earths, ground Boxes, cigar Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials Signs and advertising novelties.. Glue, not elsewhere specified. .- Optical goods An other industries , 56 63 16 28 ■ 52 8 37 2,256 1,693 922 780 519 854 50,470 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.4 J2, 280, 939 2,123,876 2,117,525 2,083,727 2,082,672 2,028,762 2,023,031 141,492,380 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.0 $1,147,261 915, 676 1,062,024 1,025,836 1, 167, 564 610,511 1,221,616 65.144,010 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.7 34.3 -6.0 67.1 -22.0 60.2 2.6 47.5 85.5 13.6 -12.4 17.3 35.5 42.6 -20.2 64.5 -17.0 200.4 -8.8 81.2 -12.5 36.6 -0.9 90.3 22.4 23.9 14.6 35.6 21.0 2.5 125.7 -8.0 143.0 -14.9 57.2 9.3 102.9 32.2 25.7 25.6 2.1 33.1 27.0 -1.6 90.5 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 58; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where the base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 100 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $2,000,000 were reported ia 1914. These industries include 3 with products exceeding $100,000,000 in value, 11 with products between $50,000,000 and $100,000,000, 15 with products be- tween $25,000,000 and $50,000,000, 21 with products between $10,000,000 and $25,000,000, 20 with prod- ucts between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, and 30 with products between $2,000,000 and $5,000,000. In addition to the industries presented separately in the above table, there were 5 other industries in the state which reported products in 1914 to the value of $2,000,000 but less than $5,000,000, 1 with products valued at $5,000,000 but less than $10,000,000, and 2 with products valued at $10,000,000 but less than $25,000,000. Among these industries are aluminum ware; bags, other than paper; electric-raHroad cars, not iacluding operations of raUroad companies; loco- motives, not made by raitoad companies; saws; smelting and refining, zinc; sporting and athletic goods; and wire. These iadustries are included under the head of "all other industries," as the statistics for them can not be shown separately without the pos- sibility of disclosing the operations of individual estabUshments. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. For the five leading industries — steel works and rolling mills; foundries and machine shops; blast furnaces; steam-raihoad repair shops; and the manufacture of silk goods, including throwsters — the rank for each item is practically the same, except that blast furnaces ranks twentieth in wage earners, but thirteenth in value added by manu- facture. This industry consists largely of plants con- nected with steel works and rolling mills, to which they transfer intermediate products at an arbitrary price. Digitizedby The nine industries with products between $50,000,- 000 and $100,000,000 vary considerably as to rank in the three items shown. This is due largely to the character of the industries. Of the more important industries shown in this table, steel works and rolling miUs, foimdries and ma- chine shops, and blast furnaces held the same rank at both censuses. Steam-raihoad repair shops; the manufacture of silk goods, including throwsters; the tanning and finishing of leather; and printing and publishing, ranking fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh, respectively, in 1914, were sixth, eighth, fourth, and , seventh, respectively, in 1909. For many of the re- maining industries changes from census to census are noticeable. Some of the most important of the industries listed in the preceding table, together with certain groups of industries, formed by combining two or more of those shown in the table, are given special considera- tion, as follows : Iron and steel. — Steel works and rolling miUs and blast furnaces ranked, respectively, first and third among the industries of the state. For convenience these two industries, together with the manufacture of tin plate and terneplate, may be considered as one group. The three alUed industries gave employment in 1914 to an average of 145,841 wage earners, and manufactured products valued at $620,708,381, or 15.8 per cent and 21.9 per cent of the respective totals for all manufactures. These figures represent an increase over 1909 of 2,063, or 1.4 per cent, in number of wage earners, and a decrease of $73,448,000, or 10.6 per cent, in value of products. This decrease is due in part to the depres- sion in the steel industry in the latter part of the year 1914, when the numerical strength of wage earners was maintained by short-time work, resulting in a smaller output. Textiles. — This classification includes the manufac- ture of sUk goods, including throwsters; woolen, Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1277 worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats; hosiery and knit goods; cotton goods, including cotton small wares; carpets and rags, other than rag; dyeing and finishing textiles ; fur-felt hats ; cordage and twine and jute and linen goods ; and wool shoddy. Considered as a unit, the textile industry ranks second among the manufacturing industries of the state, when-measured by value of products. The nine aUied industries, rep- resenting 1,424 estabhshments, gave employment in 1914 to an average of 150,663 wage earners, or 16.3 per cent, of the total number engaged in the manufac- tures of the state; and their production was valued at $305,507,596, or 10.8 per cent of the total manufac- tures. The number of wage earners reported in 1914 was an increase of 4,901, or 3.4 per cent, over 1909; and the increase in the value of products was $25,- 608,000, or 9.1 per cent. Foundry and macJiine-sTiop products. — This industry includes automobile repairing; the manufacture of steam, gas, and water engines; gas machines and gas and water meters ; hardware; saddlery hardware; cast- iron pipe; plumbers' supplies; steam and other power pumps; steam fittings and steam and hot-water heat- ing apparatus ; and structural ironwork. This group, which ranks second in value of products among the industries as shown in the table,, is of greater importance than is indicated by the statistics reported under this specific title, for the reason that some machine shops manufacture special products, such as locomotives, electrical machinery, adding ma- chines, cash registers, and sewing machines, which are assigned to other classifications. The production of the foundries and machine shops in 1914 was valued at .$233,616,370, or 8.2 per cent of the manufactures of the state, and the industry gave employment to 91,820 wage earners, or 9.9 per cent of the total. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners increased by 5.8 per cent and the value of products by 10.9' per cent. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Measured by value of products this industry ranked sixth in 1914, as compared with fourth in 1909. In average number of wage earners it held nineteenth place in 1914 and^six- teenth in 1909. There was an increase of 9.4 per cent in value of products from 1909 to 1914, but a decrease of 14.4 per cent in the number of wage earners and of 9.4 per cent in the value added by manufacture. Printing and publishing. — ^Under this head are in- cluded the printing and publishing of books, news- papers, periodicals, and music, job printing, book- binding and blank-book making, steel engraving, and lithographing. This group ranked seventh as meas- ured by value of products and in average number of wage earners in 1914. In 1909 the rank in these items was seventh and ninth, respectively. The progress of the industry during 'the last five years is consistent with the growth shown at former census periods. The increase from* 1909 to 1914 was 20.4 per cent in value of products, 20.2 per cent in value added by manufacture, and 9 per cent in number of wage earners. Clothing. — The manufacture of .men's clothing, in- cluding shirts, and that of women's clothing are included under this designation. The combined in- dustries manufactured products to the value of $77,429,504 and furnished employment to 38,343 wage earners in 1914. Slaughtering and meat pacTcing. — This classification includes establishments doing wholesale slaughtericig and meat packing and those engaged in the manufac- ture of sausage only. It does not include the nmner- ous slaughterhouses killing for the retail trade, which in the aggregate slaughter a large number of animals. This industry, measured by value of products, ranked eighth in 1914, as compared with eleventh in 1909, and shows an increase of 27.3 per cent over 1909. The value added by manufacture and the number of wage earners employed in this industry are propor- tionately less than in most of the other industries. This may be explained by the relatively high cost of material and the fact that fewer employees are re- quired in the operations involved. Tobacco manujactures. — ^This industry includes es- tabhshments engaged in the manufacture of chewing and smoking tobacco and snuff, and cigars and ciga- rettes. The decrease pf 238 establishments from 1909 to 1914 was confined largely to the small cigar factories. The average niunber of wage earners, however, in- creased from 33,188 in 1909 to 37,370 in 1914, or 12.6 per cent, while the value of products increased during the same time from $50,161,000 to $54,213,000, or 8.1 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average nmnber of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average niunber of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 1,060,562, of whom 924,478, or nearly nine- tenths, were wage earners; 53,381 were proprietors and ofiicials; and 82,703 were clerks and other subor- dinate salaried employees. While males predomi- nated" in the main classes, females constituted more than one-fifth of the total wage earners and of clerks Digitized by Microsoft® 1278 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. and other salaried employees. Wage earners imder 16 years of age numbered 27,009, of whom 53.6 per cent were females. Corresponding figures for indi- vidual industries wUl be foimd in Table 32. Table 3 All classes. Proprietors and officials . Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers ol corporations. . . , Superintendents and managers... Clerks and other subordinate sala- ried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age . . . Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUR- ING INDUSTRIES. Total. 1,060,562 1,002,171 53,381 54,696 28,034 29,743 8,588 8,410 16, 7.59 16,543 82,7(B 69,932 924,478 877,543 897,469 848,436 27,009 29,107 Male. 26,916 28,550 8,372 8,286 16,473 16,115 64,959 65,703 727,580 693,894 715,044 679,831 12,536 14,063 Fe- male. 1,118 1,193 216 124 286 428 17,744 14,229 196,898 183,649 182,425 168,605 14,473 15,044 Per cent of total. Male. 79.6 80.1 97.0 96.0 96.0 97.5 98.5 98.3 97.4 78.5 79.7 78.7 79.1 79.7 80.1 46.4 48.3 Fe- male. 20.4 19.9 3.0 3.2 4.0 4.0 2.5 1.5 1.7 2.6 21.5 20.3 21.3 20.9 20.3 19.9 53.6 51.7 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, except proprietors and firm members and wage earners under 16 years of age. The increases, however, were relatively less for males than for females. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 18.3, is shown for clerks and other subor- dinate salaried employees, in which class females increased 24.7 per cent, whUe males increased 16.6 per cent. Wage^ earners 16 years of age and over, representing 84.6 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914, increased 5.8 per cent over 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classi- fication employed at the earlier census. (See "Ex- planation of terms.") Table 5 makes this compari- son according to occupational status. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent dlstributioD. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5.8 5.2 8.3 100.0 100.0 lOO.O 100.0 100.0 100.0 -2.4 -6.7 2.1 1.3 18.3 5.3 5.8 -7.2 -2.2 -5.7 1.0 2.2 16.6 4.9 5.2 -10.9 -7.2 -6.3 74.2 -33.2 24.7 7.2 . 8.2 -3.8 5.0 2.6 0.-8 1.6 7.8 87.2 84.6 2.5 6.4 3.0 0.8 1.6 7.0 87.6 84.7 2.9 6.1 3.2 1.0 1.9 7.7 86.2 84.7 1.5 6.6 3.6 1.0 2.0 6.9 86.5 84.7 1.8 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1 8.2 91.0 84.3 6.7 0.9 Proprietors and iirm members 0.6 0.1 Rupprintfendentn** apd iTiapf^£erR. , , 0.2 rl<*rVp and other snhnrdiTiqtfi Rn.lq,ried emplnyefy! . 7.1 Wage earners (average number) . 92.0 84.5 Under 16 years of age.. 7.5 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTKIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 1,060,562 1.002-171 855,392 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.8 17.2 Proprietors and firm 28,034 108,050 924,478 29,743 94,885 877,543 26,029 66,081 763,282 2.6 10.2 87.2 3.0 9.5 87.6 3.0 7.7 89.2 -5.7 13.9 5.3 14.3 Salaried employees Wage earners (average) . . . 43.6 1S.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. During the decade ending with 1914, salaried employees formed an increasing proportion of the total number of persons in the state engaged in manu- factures, and each of the other two classes a decreasing proportion. The decrease of 5.7 per ceai nmnber of proprietors and firm mmf&W^P part to the reduction in the number of estabUshments operating in 1914. Many of the small lumber mills, flour miUs, bakeries, tobacco factories, and butter and cheese factories, which reported in 1909, were owned by individuals or firms. A considerable number of these discontinued operations between censuses or became incorporated companies, and their owners, reported in 1909 as proprietors and firm members, were at the later census classed as salaried employees. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important )arately, a similar distribution of wage )14 and 1909. n MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1279 Table 6 ^ WAGE EARNERS. Per cent of total. Census year. INDUSTET. Average num- ber.! 16 years of age and over. Un- der 16 years of age. Male. Fe- male. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 924,478 877,543 763,282 77.3 77.5 77.9 19.7 19.2 17.6 2.9 3.3 4.5 Automobiles, including bodies and parts.. • 3,083 3,199 98.8 99.2 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.3 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 13,414 10,822 60.5 58.6 33.5 34.4 6.0 7.1 1914 1909 5,140 4,604 29.1 27.4 59.4 69.6 11.6 12.9 TtroAH and Other bakery 'Droducts , . 1914 1909 15,157 12,221 82.9 81.6 15.2 14.6 1.9 3.8 Brlek, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. 1914 1909 18,976 17,061 96.0 94.5 2.5 3.2 1.5 2.3 1914 1909 3,096 2,753 49.4 51.6 46.4 44.7 4.2 3.7 1914 1909 9,569 11,510 64.7 69.9 31.9 35.0 3.3 5.1 Carriages and wagons and materials 1914 1909 6,370 7,498 99.1 98.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raliroad companies. 1914 1909 64,729 46,645 99.7 99.8 0.3 0.2 ''L Cars, steam-railroad, not including oper- ations of railroad companies. 1914 1909 9,955 7,766 99.7 99.9 0.3 0.1 'li Cement 1914 1909 7,910 8,080 99.5 99.6 t^ 0.5 0.4 Chemicals 1914 1909 4,748 3,185 86.2 96.6 11.4 3.4 2.4 0.1 Clothing men's, including shirts . 1914 1909 21,126 23,623 32.1 33.1 64.0 62.6 3.9 4.4 1914 1909 17,217 15,701 29.9 30.1 68.8 68.2 1.3 1.7 C(*e, not mcluding gas-house coke 1914 1909 9,871 15,331 99.1 100.0 S 0.9 1914 1909 6,465 5,408 35.9 34.3 67.0 57.9 7.1 7.8 Copper, tin, and ^eet-iron products 1914 1909 6,818 6,815 85.2 89.7 11.9 7.1 2.9 3.1 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 14,640 16,293 44.7 43.9 48.3 49.3 7.0 6.8 1914 1909 3,504 4,250 95.8 95.4 2.7 3.1 1.5 1.6 I^yeing and finisliiTig teTtfifts , 1914 1909 6,389 6,086 86.0 84.1 11.7 12.1 2.3 3.8 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. 1914 1909 14,866 11,025 87.5 84.9 11.8 14.5 0.8 0.6 1914 1909 91,820 86,821 97.9 97.9 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.0 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 12,088 9,924 95.7 96.0 3.0 2.1 1.2 1.9 Qlass Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, wrought pipe Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime , Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods, not elsewhere specified. Paper and wood pulp Petroleum, refining Printmg and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat building. . . Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. All other industries C«nsus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EAKNEES. Average num- ber." 23,606 23,710 6,714 7,220 41, 130 38,206 11,518 14,521 131,955 126,911 3,990 3,873 11,988 14,008 3,128 3,258 7,512 7,234 21,297 26,873 7,166 9,264 3,585 4,235 7,447 6,666 4,902 2,900 26,909 24,696 3,172 1,205 4,773 3,558 44,755 36,469 3,687 3,050 4,111 4,198 37,370 33,r88 24,461 27,409 132,351 118,280 Percent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 73.6 69.5 21.0 19.3 99.9 99.9 m 99.1 98.9 0.3 0.2 100.0 99.8 95.0 94.0 4.2 4.6 99.9 99.9 m 99.7 99.7 99.5 99.2 20.1 14.4 92.2 88.6 98.9 99.0 72.9 73.7 85.9 80.3 98.6 98.5 29.6 26.2 97.0 99.1 36.6 45.0 44.4 44.3 79.8 79.0 Fe- male. 5.5 6.3 22.0 25.3 69.5 69.5 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.1 77.7 78.2 7.6 10.9 0.6 0.4 23.6 22.8 12.2 16.3 0.3 0.2 57.9 60.0 2.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 60.4 52.4 47.0 46.2 17.4 17.7 Un- der 16 years of age. 5.4 6.5 4.5 5.2 9.4 11.2 0.1 0.5 0.8 0.2 0.9 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.7 2.2 7.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.6 3.6 3.6 1.8 3.4 1.1 1.3 12.5 13.8 0.4 0.2 0.9 1.0 3.1 2.6 8.6 9.5 2.7 3.3 • For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms.' ' ' Less than one-tenth of I per cent. During the decade 1904-1914 there was little change in the proportion which men formed of the total wage earners employed. The proportion of females, how- ever, increased from 17.6 per cent of the total in 1904 to 19.7 per cent in 1914. Children under 16 years formed a decreasing proportion from census to census. In a majority of the 45 iiidustries shown in Table 6 males 16 years of age and over predominated, but women formed the greater proportion of the total wage earners employed in the more import^t^f the J, ^ Uigil textUe industries, in the manufacture of men's and women's clothiag, milhnery, fancy and paper boxes, confectionery, and in the tobacco factories. In the canneries women and children combined outnumbered the men. Although fewer children were employed in 1914 than in 1909, they represent a considerable proportion of the wage earners engaged in the manufacture of cot- ton, silk, woolen, and worsted goods, hosiery and knit goods, fancy and^^er boxes, glass, and confectionery. 1280 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distributi-on of wage earners employed in 63 of the 71 cities having more .than 10,000 inhabitants, clas- sified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Statistics for the following boroughs are included under "aU other cities" in order to avoid disclosing individual operations: CoatesviUe, Dickson City, Du- quesne, Farrell (formerly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddock, Old Forge, and Steelton. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figiires in Table 7, for cities where the per cent of increase can be computed. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over exceeds that of females in all except eight of the cities. Most of the cities show decreases from census to census in the proportion of adult fe- males and children under 16 years of age employed as wage earners. In Philadelphia, by far the most important city of the state in the number of wage earners employed, males 16 years of age and over formed 66 per cent of the total number of wage earners reported in 1914 and 66.5 per cent in 1909. There were 76,822 adult fe- male wage earners reported in 1914, an increase of 4 per cent over the number employed in 1909, while the children reported showed a decrease of 17.3 p^ cent for the census period. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 131.6, is shown for Uniontown; the next highest, 117.2, for Nanticoke; and the third highest, 96.3, for Shen- andoah. Table 7 AVERAGE Nl .JBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. QTT. Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 AUentown . . 13,685 10,732 2,639 1,496 1,140 1,178 1,809 3,303 1,897 1,603 337 1,650 1,904 6,295 2,141 1,087 1,105 948 4,062 11,016 • 1,479 710 494 7,966 2,744 260 12,177 8,862 570 5,270 6,857 3,548 661 1,676 978 747 6,381 3,959 2,276 251,286 2,927 69,620 729 478 2,622 11,481 8,409 2,180 1,583 1,040 1,318 8,984 9,640 2,232 "'i,'225 1,490 8,278 10,077 2,413 854 1,128 1,052 956 3,169 1,333 1,064 309 1,287 1,443 4,637 1,424 1,038 1,096 797 3,062 9,443 1,362 656 428 5,485 899 231 11,665 5,526 484 3,993 6,530 3,180 175 1,318 167 103 6,055 2,127 2,215 165,937 2,295 58,879 438 107 1,971 6,520 7,797 1,980 879 1,005 1,123 4,747 8,989 1,980 "i,'i82 1,310 4,738 535 IC 115 721 97 451 481 24 306 287 1,472 632 43 7 116 904 1,242 108 39 47 2,361 1,552 26 365 2,907 81 1,141 201 273 466 326 645 538 304 1,681 57 76,822 473 9,454 250 315 553 4,386 478 137 546 7 162 3,625 384 132 9 119 669 120 74 143 2 11 132 37 113 58 4 57 174 186 85 6 2 35 96 331 9 15 19 120 293 3 147 429 5 136 126 95 20 32 166 106 22 151 4 8,527 159 1,287 41 56 98 575 134 63 158 28 33 612 167 120 ""34 61 60.5 93.9 91.4 57.1 98.9 89.3 52.8 9,5.9 70.3 66.4 91.7 78.0 75.8 73.7 66.5 95.5 99.2 84.1 75.4 85.7 92.1 92.4 86.6 68.9 32.8 88.8 95.8 62.4 84.9 75.8 95.2 89.6 26.5 78.6 17.1 13.8 94.9 53.7 97.3 66.0 78.4 84.6 60.1 22.4 75.2 56.8 92.7 90.8 55.5 96.6 85.2 52.8 94.2 88.7 "96.'5 87.9 34.6 5.0 5.8 33.4 0.9 9.8 39.9 2.9 23.8 30.0 7.1 18.5 15.1 23.4 29.5 4.0 0.6 12.2 22.3 11.3 7.3 5.5 9.5 29.6 56.6 10.0 3.0 32.8 14.2 21.7 2.9 7.7 70.5 19.5 66.0 72.0 4.8 42.5 2.5 30.6 16.2 13.6 34.3 65.9 21.1 38.2 5.7 6.3 34.5 0.7 12.3 40.3 4.0 5.9 "'6.7 8.0 4.9 1.1 2.8 9.6 0.2 0.9 7.3 1.1 6.0 3.6 1.2 3.5 9.1 3.0 4.0 0.6 0.2 3.7 2.4 3.0 0.6 2.1 3.8 1.5 10.5 1.2 1.2 4.8 0.9 2.6 1.8 2.7 3.0 1.9 17.0 14.2 0.3 3.8 0.2 3.4 5.4 1.8 5.6 11.7 3.7 5.0 1.6 2.9 10.0 2.7 2.5 6.8 1.8 Beaver Falls 5.4 Bethlehem Braddock 2.8 Bradford 41 Bristol.... Butler 2,807 1,503 1,334 337 1,364 2,093 1,475 1,340 ""843' 2,720 1,220 835 325 1,165 1,930 1,042 772 ""655 61 235 426 10 149 119 284 502 "iei 26 48 73 2 SO 44 149 66 ""27 96.9 81.2 62.6 96.4 85.4 92.2 70.6 57.6 "77.'7 2.2 15.6 31.9 3.0 10.9 5.7 19.3 37.5 "ig.'i 0.9 3.2 5.5 0.6 3.7 2.1 Carbondale 10.1 Carlisle 4,9 Chamhersburg . . 3.2 Charlerol Chester 6,986 2,773 1,035 920 1,019 3,388 9,619 7,061 3,034 900 1,133 2,720 8,415 5,260 1,966 1,005 909 789 2,392 8,415 5,506 2,108 ""882 928 1,836 7,498 1,488 643 27 10 173 881 934 i,272 667 ii 105 673 708 238 164 3 1 57 115 270 283 259 7 100 211 211 75.3 70.9 97.1 98.8 77.4 70.6 87.5 78.0 69.5 "98.0 81.9 67.5 89.1 21.3 23.2 2.6 1.1 17.0 26.0 9.7 18.0 22.0 "i.'2 9.3 24.7 8.4 3.4 5.9 0.3 0.1 6.6 3.4 2.8 4.0 Columbia Connellsville 8.5 Dubois OS S.8 7.8 Erie 2 5 Greater Punxsutawuey. 270 9,743 2,682 171 10,233 7,955 "'7,'955 1,406 .•)07 6,914 8,693 242 7,088 995 154 9,939 4,690 "6,"i47 611 242 6,591 4,926 26 2,531 1,357 13 95 2,770 "i,"727 666 10 256 3,088 2 124 330 4 199 495 ""si 129 55 67 679 89.6 72.7 37.1 90.1 97.1 59.0 "77.3 43.5 78.8 95.3 56.7 9.6 26.0 50.6 7.6 0.9 34.8 "2i.'7 47.4 3.3 3.7 35.5 0.7 1.3 12.3 2.3 1.9 6.2 1.0 Hazletou ... . , 92 Homestead 17.9 1.0 Lancaster 7,8 Latrobe Lebanon 6,591 8,246 3,554 690 2,036 600 344 5,521 3,818 1,283 251,294 2,599 67,420 792 908 3,619 4,387 8,848 238 1,300 197 229 6,433 3,517 1,657 228,899 2,88.8 71,618 830 827 3,457 4,288 7,990 3,472 143 1,640 87 70 5,327 1,940 1,256 167,140 1,934 58,698 351 285 2,938 3,565 8,605 ""ios l,07r 97 52 6,240 1,628 1,513 153,681 2,366 62,143 504 140 2,869 1,046 206 52 398 382 364 179 158 1,676 24 73,848 585 7,277 390 518 594 782 102 '"lis 221 97 109 163 1,536 33 61,830 416 7,481 274 521 408 257 50 30 49 14 149 95 36 202 3 10,306 80 1,445 51 105 87 40 141 ""12 2 3 68 30 353 11 13,388 106 1,994 52 166 180 76.7 96.9 97.7 24.2 80.6 14.5 20.3 96.5 50.8 97.9 66.5 74.4 87.1 44.3 31.4 81.2 81.3 97.3 "45.4 82.8 49.2 22.7 96.4 46.3 97.2 67.1 81.9 86.8 60.7 16.9 83.0 18.7 2.5 1.5 67.5 18.8 60.7 52.0 2.9 43.9 1.9 29.4 22.5 10.8 49.2 57.0 16.4 17.8 1.2 "49." 6 17.0 49.2 47.6 3.0 43.7 2.1 27.0 14.4 10.4 33.0 63.0 11.8 ■!.6 0.6 0.8 8.3 0.7 24.8 27.6 0.7 5.3 0.2 4.1 3.1 2.1 6.4 11.6 0,9 McKeesport.. 1.6 Mahanoy City 6 Meadville. 02 MniiTit rarmpl 1.,') Nanticoke 29.7 Newcastle 0,6 Norristown 10.0 OUCity 0.7 Philadelphia 6.8 Phoenixville 3.7 Pittsburgh 1.. 28 Pittston 6.3 Plymouth Wl Pottstown 2.4| 6.2 1 Includes statistics for Allegheny, annexed in 1907. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1281 Table 7— Ckmtinued. AVERAGE NUMBEE OP WAGE EARNEES IK MANUFACTUEING INDU3TEIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITY. Male. Female. 16 years o£ age and over. Unc ler 16 years Male. Female. ot age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Pottsvffle 3, .506 24,131 12,559 2,634 2,298 475 10,892 1,718 974 333 776 1,876 2, .002 894 8,107 194 6,015 10,851 22,848 2,808 24,145 12,851 1,623 2,545 242 7,986 2,069 1,904 18,053 10,912 897 1,812 170 5,754 1,457 2,382 16,760 7,095 688 2,243 238 9,225 1,239 367 53 763 1,776 1,766 785 5,063 189 4,599 7,632 21,436 2,021 16,610 6,756 359 2,523 158 7,003 1,585 1,266 12,100 6,531 271 1,778 132 5,168 986 845 6,333 4,686 1,435 27 209 1,466 411 514 251 12 95 171 103 2,510 4 1,312 2,844 1,221 628 6,213 5,068 1,016 20 76 894 430 496 4,473 3,180 619 26 35 437 390 279 1,038 778 511 28 28 201 68 93 29 1 5 65 6 534 1 104 375 191 1.59 1,322 1,027 248 2 8 88 54 143 1,480 1,201 7 8 3 149 81 67.9 69.5 56.5 26.1 97.6 50.1 84.7 72.1 37.7 15.9 98.3 94.7 88.2 87.8 62.5 97.4 76.5 70.3 93.8 72.0 68.8 52.6 22.1 99.1 65.3 ,S7.7 76.6 66.5 67.0 59.9 30.2 93. 1 77.6 89.8 67.7 24.1 26.2 37.3 54.6 1.2 44.0 13.5 23.9 52.8 75.4 1.5 5.1 8.5 11.5 31.0 2.1 21.8 26.2 5.3 22.4 25.7 39.4 62.6 0.8 31.4 11.2 20.8 26.0 24.8 29.1 69.0 1.4 20.6 7.6 26.8 8.0 4.3 6.2 19.4 1.2 5.9 1.8 4.0 9.5 8.7 0.1 0.3 3.2 0.7 6.6 0.5 1.7 3.5 0.8 5.7 5.5 8.0 15.3 0.1 3.3 1.1 2.6 7.5 8.2 11.0 0.8 0.4 Shenandoah 1.8 South Bethlehem 2.6 5.6 Tamaqua Taylor tTniont own 335 1,489 1,896 916 7,653 185 5,594 9,836 19,054 "'i,'i74 849 5,920 184 5,296 7,952 4,656 325 1,295 1,703 829 4,943 181 4,121 7,494 18,006 "i,"i25 " "799 3,483 177 3,700 5,331 4,670 4 179 129 81 2,062 4 1,303 1,998 795 44 24 1,960 7 1,391 1,960 54 6 15 64 6 548 5 ■" '26 477 97.0 87.0 89.8 90.5 65.4 97.8 73.7 76.2 94.5 " '95.'8 ■94.1 58.8 96.2 69.9 67.0 98.2 1.2 12.0 6.8 8.8 27.3 2.2 23.3 20.3 4.2 '"'3.' 7 '"2.'8 33.1 3.8 26.3 24.6 1.2 1.8 1.0 3.4 0.7 7.3 Warren 4 West Cfiester. . . 3 1 Wilkes-Barre 8.1 Wilkinsburg WiUiamsport 170 344 253 205 661 32 3.0 3.6 1.3 3; 9 York 8.3 All other dtiesi 0.7 ' All other cities embrace: CoatesviUe, Dickson CSty, Duquesne, Farrell (formerly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddook, Old Forge, and Steelton in 1914; Coates- ville, Duquesne, Monessen, North Braddopk, Old Forge, South Sharon, and Steelton in 1909; and Steelton in 1904. Table 8 PEE CENT OF INCREASE I IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. ciir. PEE CENT OF INCREASE 1 IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. CUT. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. Allentown 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1911 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909^1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 52.3 19.2 27.8 12.5 27.6 -11.9 . 18.2 21.1 -2.3 -5.5 -6.9 9.6 -15.1 -20.9 -10.6 -11.5 57.8 17.7 34.1 28.6 26.2 1.9 19.6 20.2 -0.4 74.4 27.0 37.3 12.1 29.2 -13.3 21.9 21.9 30.7 8.0 21.0 39.3 11.9 24.5 15.2 10.9 3.8 -8.6 11.1 42.9 -22.2 -3.4 -29.0 36.1 -18.5 59.0 -48.7 58.8 91.9 -17.3 -4.2 12.9 -15.1 140.0 90.1 105.4 -7.5 15.7 -1.1 17.0 -5.2 -1.7 -3.6 59.3 -36.4 -30.0 -9.1 9.3 16.3 -6.0 -28.1 -10.4 -19.8 -38.3 17.5 -47.5 -9.5 -94.1 -92.9 -17.6 —82.0 -66.7 -45.9 -15.9 42.3 -40.9 -24.2 135.4 -67.8 -12.1 -20.5 10.6 100.0 111.1 14.0 85.2 -34.3 -21.8 -15.9 -67.2 -48.2 -36.7 100.0 -71.4 100.0 -86.7 Dlinmorp 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -16.3 -7.0 -10.1 49.3 19.9 24.6 30.9 14.5 14.3 83.0 0.1 -18.2 22.6 95.2 2.3 90.8 -15.3 52.0 -44.3 76.1 19.0 48.0 1.9 11.4 -8.5 20.1 -5.7 27.4 -22.5 -16.8 -6.8 -0.2 177.7 12.0 147.9 28.9 -17.7 56.6 -14.1 1.0 -15.0 66.8 28.0 30.3 25.9 12.2 12.2 76.9* -10.8 -22.6 15.3 47.1 -9.6 62.8 -4.5 60.0 -36.4 77.0 17.4 50.8 12.2 17.8 -4.8 12.0 -6.9 20.3 -24.1 -18.3 -7.1 -8.4 62.0 22.4 32.4 22.4 -19.6 52.3 10 5 -32.9 64.8 34.3 2.6 30.9 75.9 33.0 32.3 80.8 36.7 -6.7 46.6 133.0 14.4 103.8 160.0 100.0 30.0 42.6 284.2 -62.9 -5.9 4.9 -10.3 45.9 9.1 33.8 97.1 -2.4 102.0 425.0 294.9 17.1 237.3 47.5 -14.7 72.9 -65,0 -38.6 -43.0 —54.5 Beaver Falls Erie -16.5 -45.5 56.9 22.6 Bethlehem -2.8 -4.6 12.2 -15.0 -19.7 -6.3 -14.3 64.2 16.5 40.9 27.9 9.3 17.1 37.8 27.4 8.2 -4.9 96.5 10.5 77.9 -15.8 -11.8 -4.5 -32.4 -27.6 -6.7 3.3 24.3 20.6 3.1 850.0 Braddock 48.1 Bradford -3.2 53.1 127.1 Butler Homestead -11.2 156. S 94 5 Carbondale -25.0 -92.7 119.4 Carlisle -26.1 197.0 -13.3 -27.1 Chambersburg '. . . 95.7 21.0 61.8 -10.8 -9.9 -1.1 -29.4 -22.8 -8.6 5.0 22.8 20.1 2.2 -47.1 542.5 -10.6 152.0 Chester McKees Bocks -64.5 216 7 Cnliimhiii Connellsvllle -59.2 308.3 1,600.0 128 6 Dubois 600.0 82101°— 18- -81 1282 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 8— Continued. PEK CENT OF INCREASE 1 IN AVEEAGE NtTMBEB OF WAGE EAKNEES. air. TEB cent op DJCREASEl IN AVEEAGE NUMBEB OP •WAGE EARNERS. CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Feiliale. of age. iinnnt, rarmpl 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 396.4 63.0 204.6 226,2 117,2 50.2 17.4 15.6 1.6 12.6 3.7 8.6 46.2 77,4 -17.6 9.8 m ■ 9.8 1.4 12.6 -10.0 -2.8 3.3 -5.9 -12.2 -8.0 -4.6 -42.2 -47.4 9.8 -24,2 -27.5 4.7 84.1 24.9 47.5 33.7 m 33.7 15.1 -2.3 17.8 72.2 92.0 -10.3 98.1 47.1 34.6 15.6 13.7 1.7 30.7 9.6 19.2 46.4 76.4 -17.0 8.0 -0.7 8.8 -3.0 18.7 -18.3 -5.3 0.3 -5.5 -13.1 24.8 -30.4 -23.6 -62.5 103.6 -31.3 -32.9 2.4 ■■88".^- 17.9 59.6 38.5 0.9 37.3 8.6 5.0 3.4 564,9 77.2 275.3 393.6 200.6 64.2 86.5 92.4 -3.1 9.4 0.3 9.1 72.7 137.5 -27.3 24.2 4.0 19.4 13.7 -19.1 40.6 26.4 29.9 -2.7 -8,8 -35, 9 42.3 -39.5 -39.2 -0.6 35.5 -6.9 45.6 " " 70.7 34.6 26.9 41.6 1,9 38.9 47.4 -7.5 59.4 5,433.3 11.4 4,866.7 55.9 11.6 39.7 -26.7 -38.9 20.0 -57.2 -25.2 -42.8 -63.6 33.3 -72.7 -36.3 -17.3 -23.0 50.0 98.8 -24.5 -35.5 -10.9 -27.5 -21.2 -19.6 -1.9 -66.3 -46.7 -36.7 -45.6 12.6 -51.7 95.1 75.5 11.2 -29.9 -21.5 -10.7 -35.2 -24.2 -14.5 RhftTnoVin 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 190^-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1904-1914 190^1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 • 193.6 62.3 80.9 26.8 -9.7 40.5 179.4 96.3 42.4 89.3 36.4 38.8 17.9 -17.0 42.0 131.6 59.8 26.0 26.8 5.6 5.3 -2.4 7.9 36.9 7.3 27.6 5.4 4.9 0.5 13.6 7.5 5.6 36.5 10.3 23.7 390.7 19.9 309.2 163.9 91.6 32.5 26.2 -11.1 41.9 80.3 50.6 19.7 78.5 31.7 35.5 25.7 -21. 8 60.8 134.8 67.9 37.1 15.1 3.7 -1.8' -5.3 3.8 45.4 2.4 41.9 6.8 ,4.4 2.3 24.3 11.6 11.4 43.2 1.8 40.6 369.1 19.0 294.0 131.8 41,2 64.1 3.8 35.0 -23.1 497.1 175.0 117.1 235.5 64.0 104.6 5.4 -4.4 10.3 200.0 115.9 -46.9 306.8 32.6 329.2 27.2 237.5 28.1 21.7 5.2 -42.9 7 200 Nanticoke Sharon... 106.0 3,442.9 250 New Castle Rhpnf^Ti.... Pittsburgh'.. Beading Johnstown'... South Bethlehem New Castle '. Allentown... UcKcesport.. Erie' Scianton Altoona York' Chester Lancaster'. Earrisburg. Wilkes-Barre.. Williamsport ' . Butler' Franklin Easton Pottsville'.. Lebanon Pottstown'., Warren Norristown.. Beaver Palls McKees Rocks '. Sharon ' Phobnixville Hazleton ShamoMn Sunbury Washington ' . AVERAGE NUMBER OF - WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 1904 251,286 69,620 24,131 12,177 10,892 6,381 13,685 6,857 11,016 12,559 10,732 10,861 6,296 8,862 7,966 8,107 6,015 3,303 1,479 4,062 3,506 5,270 2,622 1,876 3,959 2,639 3,548 2,298 2,927 2,744 2,634 1,718 2,002 251.294 67,420 24,145 10,233 7,985 6,621 11,481 8,246 9,619 12,861 8,409 9,836 6,986 7,955 9,743 7,553 5,594 2,807 2,808 5,691 3,619 1,489 3,818 2,180 3,554 2,545 2,599 2,682 1,623 2,069 1,896 228,899 71,618 18,053 6,914 5,754 5,433 8,984 8,848 8,415 10,912 9,540 7,952 7,061 8,693 7,965 5,920 5,296 2,093 2,720 1,904 4,387 3,467 1,174 3,517 2,232 1,812 2,S8S 1,406 897 1,457 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $784,499,633 246,694,018 53,231,926 60,973,960 40,179,381 38,384,877 33,918,299 33,743,329 29,447,084 28,721,829 22,692,676 22,043,328 21,021,170 20,011,393 18,872,156 16,733,954 16,883,699 16,006,393 10,608,017 10,367,227 10,195,800 9,871,443 8,866,860 8,611,207 8,421,430 7,963,420 7,894,165 6,372,998 6,238,767 5,693,761 6,541,617 5,115,641 5,093,872 1909 $743,720,228 243,391,960 61,134,967 46,774,343 26,417,103 38,340,711 26,263,327 42,494,667 23,812,488 3 26,364,825 16,762,738 17,649,692 19,373,314 15,933,705 '22,665,328 13,525,957 13,201,787 11,033,726 6,916,345 8,978,913 11,429,063 12,502,394 5,744,321 = 7,324,501 6,400,338 9,581,579 5,962,278 6,876,164 4,707,025 3,644,095 4,450,159 4,310,691 1904 $591,388,078 211,259,153 30,490,942 28,891,806 15,276,411 28,923,234 16,841,043 23,054,412 18,639,161 20,453,286 14,349,963 13,333,359 16,644,842 14,647,681 16,670,715 10,999,754 11,366,569 6,832,007 5,059,064 5,806,788 6,978,458 8,144,723 4,665,594 6,926,243 4,907,636 6,670,924 5,499,891 2,186,876 1,443,915 2,592,829 Meadville' Bristol Oiiaty' Bradford Braddock Bethlehem Carlisle Columbia Carbondale Chambersburg.. Charleroi Dubois ' Uniontown Greater Punxsu- tawney Latrobe West Chester. . . Connellsville Pittston Carnegie' Tamaqua Shenandoah Greensburg' Mount Carmel. . Dunmore * Mahanoy City.. Homestead Nanticoke ' Plymouth WilMnsburg Taylor All other cities '. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 1904 1,676 1,809 2,276 1,178 1,140 1,496 1,603 2,141 1,897 1,650 1,904 1,105 776 710 670 894 1,087 729 337 974 475 494 978 948 661 260 747 478 194 333 22,848 2,036 1,283 1,318 1,040 1,583 1,334 2,773 1,503 1,364 600 1,019 690 171 344 185 ii9,'654 1,300 1,557 1,490 1,225 1,340 3,034 1,475 843 920 900 335 '""916" 1,035 '" "849" 792 337 830 242 270 170 197 1,133 238 307 827 184 4,656 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $5,057,962 5,037,120 4,871,981 4,034,401 4,021,640 3,786,568 3,414,959 3,340,702 3,170,410 3,075,292 2,909,338 2,394,534 2,237,177 2,227,820 2,213,234 2,084,505 1,993,557 1,899,812 1,724,111 1,686,748 1,673,464 1,382,472 1,279,906 1,268,939 1,067,349 1,019,118 996,336 831,439 572,207 244,941 105,791,578 1909 $3,497,967 2,954,892 3,886,538 5,094,382 3,711,602 2,495,710 4,807,068 2,523,387 2,466,036 1,753,473 1,346,866 2,145,843 1,970,936 1,969,452 1,183,545 887,603 687,190 786,391 1,494,182 867,676 669,196 414,701 1,178,606 538,217 '107,206,331 1904 $2,074,600 3,082,208 3,191,894 4,125,479 1,985,743 3,887,087 2,316,696 1,085,185 1,709,360 2,121,185 1,474,928 594,637 620,396 1,460,445 431,526 712,830 368,091 859,542 471,960 15,745,628 ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909, because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. • All other cities embrace: Coatosville, Dickson City, Duquesne, Farrell (formerly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddock, Old Forge, and Steelton. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1289 Those cities for which, comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904, had less than 10,000 in- habitants each in those years. In 45 of the cities for which comparative figures are shown in Table 13 there was an increase in the value of products in 1914 over 1909, but only 36 of these show an increase in the average number of wage earners duriag that period. Philadelphia, the largest and most important city in the state, occupies a prominent position among the cities of the comitry in the variety and magnitude of its manufacturit^ operations. In 1914 its manufactures were valued at $784,499,633, or 27.7 per cent of the total value of the manufactured products of the state, "and its industries furnished employment to 251,286 wage earners, 27.2 per cent of the total number. Table 14 shows the principal industries of cities haying a population of over 50,000 inhabitants. For these cities the industries for which figures can be shown without disclosure are arranged in the order of value of products, showing the increase from 1909 to 1914, and also the percentage which the value of prod- ucts for each industry in the city represents of the corresponding total for the state. Table 14 Cnr AND INIUJSTBT. ALLENTO'WN. Bilk goods, Including throwsters Tobacco manufectures .• Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Slaughtering and meat packing Altoona. Lumber, planing-mill products Cars and general shop construction and repairs 07 steam-rauroad companies.... Silk goods, including throwsters Ebie. Foundry and machine-shop products . . . . Flour-mill and gristmill products Slaughtering and meat packing Liquors, malt Habkisbxtbg. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills : Printing and publishing Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies.... Slaughtering and meat packing Johnstown. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel, bUist furnaces Foundry and machine-shop products Fhiladelfhia. Printing and publishing Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats Sugar, refining, not including beet sugar. Foundry and machine^op products Clothing, women's Hosiery and knit goods Clothing, men's, including shirts Slaughtering and meat packing VAUra; OP PBODUCTS. Amount, 1914. $10,209,972 2,694,602 384,743 8,829,962 1,469,852 1,272,986 1,101,755 4,028,321 1,039,195 {•) (') 65,340,336 45,980,265 45,936,147 38,047,027 34,142,518 31,350,085 29,153,294 26,484,332 Per cent of the in- dustry total for the state. 11.7 5.0 0.8 3.8 3.4 L9 2.2 0.9 1.2 (') 65.1 71.4 100.0 16.3 92.1 48.9 72.2 40.1 Increase! over 1909. Amount. {2,754,444 1,248,950 135,181 (0 528,335 627,107 315,871 175,824 -3,692,602 85,217 m 9,533,405 -8,941,831 (») -186,620 4,009,676 7,379,345 162,395 4,405,701 Per cent. 86.4 (») 64.2 6.4 74.4 33.0 19.0 -47.1 8.9 O 20.8 -16.3 (») -0.5 13.3 30.8 0.5 20.0 CITT AND INDUSTBY. Philadelphia— Continued. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . . 'Bread and other bakery products Carpets and rugs, other than rag Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Liquors, malt Tobacco manufactures Chemicals Furniture and refrigerators Petroleum, refining Gas, illummating and heating PlTTSBtmOH. Iron and steel, steel -works and rolling mills Foundry and machine-shop products Slaughtering and meat pacrang Iron and steel, blast furnaces Canning and preserving Printing and publishing Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rauroad companies... Bread and other bakery products , Liquors, malt Iron and steel, wrought pipe Readinq. Hosiery and knit goods Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rauroad companies.... Iron and steel, wrought pipe SCEANTON. Silk goods, including throwsters Liquors, malt Printing and publishing Foundry and machine-shop products Wilkes-Babre. Carriages and wagons and materials... Liquors, malt Cotton lace Wire '. value OF PEODUCTS. Amount, 1914. Per cent of the in- dustry total for the state. $23,557,091 21,809,150 20,586,553 19,383,216 13,908,391 12,733,281 11,444,625 11,148,177 61,007,875 27,778,275 517,946,949 16,982,402 11,492,328 10,824,739 9,706,953 9,363,270 5,200,263 6,500,704 6,098,040 5,754,859 2,468,371 2,078,509 1,569,346 m 27.6 40.3 89.1 59.8 27.6 23.5 51.1 44.3 m 13.6 11.9 27.2 12.5 76.9 12.7 10.4 17.3 10.3 (') 10.1 6.5 6.6 4.9 2.4 0.7 C) Increase 1 over 1909. Amount. $30,670 2,790,674 -2,041,984 ■2,919,798 -348,600 -695,476 1,801,923 3,096,642 (=) -21,298,752 ■5,006,305 4,840,214 -3,685,621 5,290,498 1,763,850 1,161,289 1,309,433 -219,441 m 1,949,617 437, 112 -876,989 511,468 769,208 m Per cent. 0.1 14.7 -9.0 -13.1 -2.4 -5.2 18.7 38.6 -25.9 22.0 36.9 -17.8 '>-86.3 19.3 13.5 16.3 -4.0 (») 42.8 7.7 -13.2 26.3 58.7 -29.3 m > A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Relative rank can not be shown without disclosing Individual operations. > Figures not shown, to avoid disclosing individual operations. < Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 owing to a revision of the classifica- tion of one establishment. 6 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Philadelphia produced all of the sugar, 92,1 per cent of the women's clothing, and 89.1 per cent of the carpets and rugs, other than rag, manufactured in the state in 1914. There are several other indus- tries shown in the table in which the value of products represents more than one-half of that reported for the industry in the state. In addition to the 175 industries presented sepa^ rately for Philadelphia in Table 59, there were 98 others which were included under "all other indus- tries," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Some of these industries were amoM-thg.-jnog portant in the city, 20 reporting products exceeding $1,000,000 in value.* Of these, 2 reported products valued at $10,000,000 or over, 2, products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000. and 16, products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000. 1 These industries are: Agricultural implements. Bags, other than paper. Buttons. Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. Chocolate and cocoa products, not in- cluding confectionery. Files. Oas, illuminating and heating. Hardware. Mftm§&'tf® Lithographing. Locomotives. Oilcloth and linoleum. Petroleum, refining. Roofing materials. Sand and emery paper and cloth. Saws. Shipbuilding, including boat building. Sporting and athletic goods. Upholstering materials. Waste. 1290 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. The totals presented for Philadelphia and the state as a whole do not iaclude the statistics for 4 estab- lishments located in the city and operated by the Federal Government, namely, the Frankford Arsenal, with an average of 2,121 wage earners and products valued at $5,280,399; the United States navy yard, with 2,087 wage earners and products valued at $3,439,198; the Philadelphia depot of the Quartermas- ter's Department, with 395 wage earners and products valued at $2,477,196; and the depot of supplies of the United States Marine Corps, with 257 wage earners and products valued at $629,738. The 4 estabhsh- ments combined reported 4,860 wage earners and products valued at $11,826,531. Pittsburgh, the second largest city in the state, with a value of products of nearly $250,000,000, has for its leading industries those which use ore and metal as the principal materials, such as steel works and rolling mills, blast furnaces, and foundries and machine shops. The combined output of these three indus- tries in 1914 formed 42.9 per cent of the total value of all manufactured products for the city. Of the 10 industries presented in the table for which the value of products in 1914 exceeded $5,000,000, slaughtering and meat packing and canning and pre- serving formed the highest per cent of the industry totals for the state, the percentages being 27.2 for the former and 76.9 for the latter. Reading ranked third among the manufacturing cities of the state in 1914. Hosiery and knit goods was the leading industry, the value of products, $6,500,704, representing 12.2 per cent of the value of the city's manufactures. The value of work done in steam-railroad repair shops amounted to $6,098,040; the production of wrought-iron pipe was also an im- portant factor, but statistics for this industry can not be given without disclosing individal operations. Johnstown, the fourth city in the state in value of manufactures, showed an increase in 1914 over 1909 of $4,199,617, or 9 per cent. The manufacturing activities were confined largely to the iron and steel industries, statistics for which can not be given with- out disclosing individual operations. Allentown ranked seventh in the state in 1914 and ninth in 1909 in the value of its manufactured prod- ucts, and showed an increase of $7,654,972, or 29.1 per cent, during the five years. The manufacture of silk goods, iacluding throwsters, was the leading in- dustry, the value of such products amounting to $10,209,972, or an increase- of 36.9 per cent over 1909. Steel works and rolling miUs and slaughtering and meat packing were the two important industries for which statistics can not be disclosed. Tobacco manu- factures showed an increase of 86.4 per cent over the preceding census. Erie, with a value of products of $29,447,084 for 1914, showed an increase over 1909 of $5,634,596, or 23.7 per cent. The output of foundry and machine- shop products was valued at $8,8Mmitmed)tWri cent of the total value of manufactures of the city. Flour miUs and gristmills, slaughtering and meat packing, and breweries also contribute to the indus- trial importance of the city. Scranton, the third city of the state in population, held tenth place when measured by value of manu- factures. Tliis is due primarily to the considerable portion of the population of the city employed in the coal mines of the vicinity. The silk mills, manufac- turing products to the value of $5,754,859, lead all other industries. Breweries, printing and publish- iag plants, and foundry and machine shops were also of industrial importance. In Altoona the operations of steam-railroad repair shops and the manufacture of silk goods were the leading industries, but statistics for neither can be shown without disclosing individual operations. The chief industries of Harrisburg are the opera- tion of steel works and rolling mills, steam-raihoad repair shops, slaughtering and meat packing, and printing and pubhshing. WUkes-Barre manufactiu^d products valued at $16,733,954 in 1914, an increase over 1909 of $3,207,997, or 23.7 per cent. The leading industries are the manufacture of carriages and wagons and materials, malt liquors, cotton lace, and wire. The principal industries of the other incorporated places appearing in Table 13 are shown in the follow- ing statement: CITT. Industries. Beaver Falls Foundry and machine-shop products. Lumber, planing-mill products. Signs and advertising novelties. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or roll- ing mills, riour-mill and gristmill products. Bradford Iron and steel'forgings. Bread and other bakery products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Bristol Petroleum, refining. Lumber, planing-mill products. Worsted goods. Butler Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of rail C^bondale . . road companies. Glass. Foundry and machine-shop products. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad compiles. Silk goods, including throwsters. Copper, tin, and sheet-iromrork. Fovmdry and machine-shop products. Silk goods, including throwsters. Charabersbiirg ing mills. Liquors, malt. Slaughtering and meat packing. Foundry and machine-shop products. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies. Silk goods, including throwsters. Glass. Charleroi Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Lumber, plamng-mlll products. Cotton goods. Microsoft® Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Worsted goods. MANtJFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1291 ■ QTT. Industries. Coatesville Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Slaughtering and meat packing. Silk goods, including throwsters. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Stoves and hot-air lurnaces,"except gas and oil stoves. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. Liquors, malt. Foundry and machine-shop products. Silk goods, including throwsters. Fuel, manufactured. Mineral and soda waters. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Liquors, malt. Foundry and machine-shop products. Liquors, malt. C-oIirinhTf* , , Connellsville Dickson City Dubois "DiiTunnrfl Duquesne Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies. Stoves and hot-air fimiaces, except gas and oil stoves. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Liquors, malt. Silk goods, including throwsters. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raitoad companies. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Tin plate and temeplate. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Oil, not elsewhere specified. Foimdry and machme-shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Coke. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Glass. Glass. Easton Farrell. FranVlin Greater Punxsutawney Hazleton Bread and other bakery products. Lumber, planing-mill products. Homestead . - Shirts. ' Pumps, steam. Steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating appa- ratus. Bread and other bakery products. Liquors, malt. Oilcloth and linoleum. Lancaster Latrobe Umbrellas and canes. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Lebanon Liquors, malt. Woolen goods. Mc!Keesport Iron and steel', blast fiumaces. Millinery and lace goods. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. McKees Rocks Iroii and steelj blast furnaces. Slaughtering and meat packing. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Mahanoy City steam-railroad companies. Foimdry and machine-shop products. Liquors, malt. Shits. Bread and other bakery products. Corsets. Meadville Monessen Brass, bronze, and copper products. Liquors, distilled. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. MountCarmel Nanticofce Tin plate and 'temeplate. Iron and steel, blastfurnaces. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Slaughtering and meat packing. Hosiery and knit goods. Newcastle Liquors, malt. Gas, illuminating and heating. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Tin plate and temeplate. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Hosiery and knit goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. ^'^^a'^..^.r,JJgitized by Norristown North Braddock CITY. Industries. OilCity .. . ... Foundry and machine-shop products. Old Forge. . : Engines, steam, gas, and water. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Silk goods, including throwsters. Phoenixville Bread and other bakery products. Mineral and soda waters. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Pittston... Hosiery and knit goods. Foundry and machine-shop products. Liquors, malt. Silk goods, including throwsters. Stoves and hot-air fin-naces, except gas and oil stoves. Hosiery and knit goods. Plymouth Pottstown Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Pottsville Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Stmctural ironwork, not made in steel works or roll- ing mills. Slaughtering and meat packing. Silk goods, including throwsters. Sharon Hosiery and knit goods. Slaughtering and meat packing. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Automobiles. South Bethlehem Slaughtering and meat packing.' Bread and other bakery products. Steelton Iron and steel^ blast furnaces. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Tamaqua Dyeing and finishing textiles. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Hosiery and knit goods. Taylor Cars and general shop constmction and repairs by steam-rsfilroad companies. Foundry and machine-shop products. Silk goods, including throwsters. Grease and tallow. Bread and other bakery products. Stamped and enameled ware. Steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating appa- ratus. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture. Glass. West Chester Slaughtering and meat packing. Liquors, malt. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies. Carriage and wagon materials. Labels and tags. WiUdnsburg WiUiamsport Marble and stone work. Ice, manufactured. York Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Foundry and machine-shop products. Silk goods, including throwsters. Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Philadelphia metropolitan district. — The Philadel- phia metropolitan district, which was third in the United States in importance of mannfac'Eiires in 1914, embraces 437,733 acres of territory, of which 83,340 acres represents the area of Philadelphia. As defined by the census of 1914, the metropolitan district com- tion to the city of Philadelphia, 97 cities, townships, situated in Bucks, Chester, 1292 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Delaware, and Montgomery Counties in Pennsyl- vania; and Burlington, Camden, and Gloucester Coun- ties in New Jersey, The estimated population of the district on July 1,1914, was 2,121,153, that of Philadelphia being 1,657,810; Camden, 102,465; Chester, 40,474; Norristown, 30,265; Gloucester, 10,577; Bristol, 10,172; and for the remain- der of the district it was 269,390. The accompanying outline map of the district shows the city of Philadelphia and the other cities, boroughs, and townships. Summary far the district. — ^Table 15 summarizes, for 1914, the statistics of manufactures for the Philadel- phia metropohtan district; for the cities of Philadel- phia, Pa. ; Camden, N. J. ; Chester, Pa. ; and Gloucester, N. J.; for the boroughs of Bristol, Pa., and Norris- town, Pa. ; and for the remainder of the district. The percentage which the figures for Philadelphia represent of the total for the district is shown for each item. Table 15 Population ' Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages , Salaries , Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufactm-e (value ofproductslesscost of materials) PHILADELPHIA METBOPOUTAN DISTBICT. The district. 2, 121, 153 9,710 369,854 10,069 41,477 318,308 647, 400 $1,041,164,917 232,398,464 57,330,483 175,067,981 9, 759, 948 19,696,134 574,869,618 997,972,802 423, 103, 184 Philadelphia. 1,657, 8, 34 251, 466, $772,695, 185,484, 47,235, 138,249, 9, 192, 17,659, 451, 197, 784,499, District, exclusive of Philadelphia. Total. 463,343 1,256 75,211 1.082 7,107 67,022 181,722 $268,469,208 46,913,873 10,096,336 36,818,537 667,772 1,936,715 123,672,427 213, 473, 169 Camden. Chester. Norristown. Gloucester. Bristol. Bemainder.i 102, 465 345 25,768 253 2,964 22,641 39,670 $101,461,096 16,901,519 3,923,507 12,978,012 65, 718 857,729 36,093,773 71,823,905 36,130, 132 40,474 153 7,127 143 689 6,295 19, 160 $26,148,463 4,642,286 1,036,276 3,506,010 74,318 193,617 13,100,883 21,021,170 7,9j icrosoTt^ 30,265 105 4,368 86 323 3,959 6,669 $9,173,067 2,301,694 482,899 1,818,795 56,023 208,089 4,423,683 8,421,430 3,997,847 10,577 23 2,099 15 1S9 1,945 3,068 $6,109,558 968,925 220,211 738, 714 42,900 3,213,355 4,710,951 1,497,696 10,172 32 1,920 29 82 1,809 4,487 $4,212,611 926,922 115, 514 811,408 4,528 22,145 4,136,902 5,037,120 900,218 269,390 598 33,939 556 3,910 30,473 108,668 $122,354,423 21,282,527 4,316,929 16,965,598 377,185 612,335 62,703,931 102,458,593 39,754,662 Per cent Phila- delphia Isol total ' for dis- trict. 78.2 87.1 79.7 88.3 82.9 78.9 71.9 74.2 79. S 82.4 79.0 94.2 90.1 78.5 78.6 78.8 I Includes two plants located outi Estimated population, July 1, 1914. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1293 In 1914 the metropolitan district contained 9,710 establishments, which gave employment to 369,854 persons, of whom 318,308 were wage earners. These establishments expended $232,398,464 in salaries and wages, and manufactured products valued at $997,972,802, in the production of which materials costing $574,869,618 were utUized. The value added by manufacture was $423,103,184. Comparison with earlier censuses. — Table 16 is a comparative summary for the district as a whole, for 1914 and 1909. Table 16 Population Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Sabrles and wages Salaries .-. Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost ol materials Value oi products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of mater^s) 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Estimated population July 1, 1914. PHILADELPHIA METROPOLITAN DISTEICT. 19U 2 2,121,153 9,710 369,854 10,069 41,477 318,308 647,400 $1,041,154,917 232,398,464 57,330,483 175,067,981 9,759,948 19,596,134 574,869,618 997,972,802 423,103,184 1909 = 1,972,342 9,568 358,218 10,263 39,008 308,947 497,453 $863,968,450 200,933,659 46,619,252 154,314,407 6) m 529,992,413 911,014,010 381,021,597 Per cent of in- 1909- 1914. 7.5 1.5 3.2 -1.9 6.3 3.0 30.1 20.5 15.7 23.0 13.4 8.5 9.5 11.0 ■ Population of Apr. 15, 1910. ' Figures not available. An increase over 1909 is shown in all comparable items of this table except proprietors and firm mem- bers, which shows less than 2 per cent decrease. The largest per cent of increase, 30.1 per cent, is shown for primary horsepower; salaries show a gain of 23 per cent; and the capital invested increased 20.5 per cent*. Comparative summary, hy industries. — Table 17 presents, for 1914 and 1909, statistics for 29 selected industries of the district shown separately, and the remainder grouped under the head of "all other industries." In this group are included, in addition to the minor industries, some large establishments for which figures can not be published without dis- closing individual operations. Flour mills and gristmills, the textile and the iron and steel industries are the only ones shown in the table in which 50 per cent or more of the value of products was reported by estabhshments located out- side the corporate hmits of Philadelphia. The entire output of electrical machinery and fur-felt hats and almost the total production of clothing factories and printing and pubhshing estabhshments were reported by Philadelphia. Table 17 All industries. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Chemicals Clothing Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine^op products Fumitufe and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating COMPARATIVK SUMMARY FOR THE PHILADELPHIA METROPOUTAN' DISTRICT, BT SELECTED INDUSTRIES; 19U AND 1909. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 19H 1909 1914 1909 11914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1809 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. 9,710 9,568 78 1,222 1,387 14 14 816 57 159 149 177 148 2 51 49 43 743 635 164 151 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 369, 854 358, 218 5,752 6,286 8,313 7,810 4,736 4,478 4,085 2,677 29,962 30,293 935 728 3,959 3,667 3,991 3,615 3,181 2,355 1,027 1,068 357 332 26,951 29,508 5,791 4,189 10,069 10,263 oimmm Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. 81 1,222 1,411 18 1,318 1,304 61 85 161 157 224 175 ^4 27 53 679 571 178 166 Salaried em- ployees, 41,477 39,008 413 394 900 1,140 266 388 326 3,113 2,736 339 251 383 377 495 400 658 639 160 152 54 44 3,775 813 497 'i;(! Wage earners (average num- ber). 318, 308 308,947 5,258 4,794 6,191 5,259 4,470 4,090 3,691 2,333 25,531 26,253 635 392 3,415 3,133 3,272 3,040 2,489 1,789 863 907 250 205 22,497 25,099 4,800 3,526 Primary horse- power. 647, 400 497, 453 2,210 1,279 5,318 4,460 10,838 2,786 9,066 5,946 4, 952 4,657 1,900 1,367 3,620 1,887 2,352 2,129 4,540 2,769 2,614 3,546 3,182 3,352 36,991 36,505 5,656 4,065 Capital. Salaries. Wages. Cost of materials. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. Expressed in thousands. $1, 041, 156 863,968 5,894 5,174 16,333 16,083 5,322 5,012 22, 274 15,621 29,955 25,922 2,197 1,916 5,053 4,580 8,129 8,965 6,803 6,498 4,864 2,229 1,693 78, 727 79, 759 13,695 7,648 57,605 38,273 $57,330 46, 619 539 533 1,042 966 376 281 715 497 3,392 2,843 509 229 569 463 421 891 574 299 238 47 55 5,120 4,712 1,061 619 1,359 946 $175, 068 154,314 2,952 2,173 3,651 2,976 3,560 2,849 2,172 1,341 12,817 12, 705 277 196 1,288 1,081 1,925 1,623 1.393 466 429 171 121 14,846 14,782 3,139 2,010 $574,870 529, 992 5,836 5,037 14,385 12, 866 3,670 10,763 7,793 33,851 31,468 4,009 3,846 5,171 4,675 4,217 4,442 4,405 3,291 3,718 3,533 4,794 4,349 26,003 29,229 5,226 3,842 5,648 3,072 $997, 973 911,014 $423, 103 381,022 11, 269 8,827 24,166 21, 106 7,638 6,182 18,664 11, 721 63,926 . 59,792 5,673 5,034 8,949 7,862 8,136 7,727 7,146 5,177 4,959 5,676 5,037 55,556 59,633 11,997 8,306 14, 370 12,383 5,433 3,790 9,781 8,240 3,968 3,290 7,901 3,928 30, 075 28,324 1,664 1,188 3,778 3,187 3,919 3,285 4,464 3,855 1,459 1,426 882 29,553 30,404 6,771 4,464 8,722 9,311 > Includes both men's and women's clothing. ' Excludes statistics for establishments located outside of the corporate limits of Philadelphia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures for these establishments are included under the head of "all other industries." 1294 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 1 7— Continued. Hats, fur-Ielt Iron and steel Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Milliflery and lace goods, not elsewhere spec- ified. Paint and varnish Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere spedfled Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Textiles ; .'. Tobacco manufactures All other industries COMPARATIVE SUMMAKT FOE THE PHILADELPBIA METEOPOLITAN DISTRICT, BY SELECTED INDUSTRIES: 19U AND 19O0. Census year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 11914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 17 1 27 125 126 64 61 14 14 34 38 167 194 1,063 1,037 72 36 41 1777 1775 479 558 2,977 2,732 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 12, 121 12,395 7,413 8,301 2,321 2,410 4,452 4,385 3,270 3,941 2,425 2,020 2,169 1,905 1.950 i;777 3,422 22,326 21,650 1,879 1,633 1,539 1,336 80, 962 81,841 9,667 9,117 105, 145 96, 743 Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Salaried .em- ployees. 143 128 142 131 51 54 4 7 27 35 121 164 1,028 991 79 127 36 44 735 842 519 601 3,064 2,899 212 221 1,306 1,094 506 503 387 423 342 220 275 625 416 140 133 379 319 1,032 962 6,013 6,471 340 240 361 295 4,327 3,701 622 636 11,326 10,833 Wage earners (average num- ber). 5,863 5,826 10, 793 11,277 6,868 7,752 1,912 1,955 3,920 3,915 2,908 3,535 1,749 1,551 2,015 1,765 1,544 1,423 2,435 2,296 15,285 14,188 1,400 1,266 1,142 997 76,890 77,298 8,526 7,880 90,755 83,011 Primary horse- power. 5,222 4,163 124,687 66, 875 14,109 10,803 14,208 14,031 11,591 9,612 627 7,086 5.451 17,206 14,410 1,693 1,500 2,082 2,103 19,961 12,760 3,899 3,712 2,018 1,840 107, 082 1M,703 215, 762 172,027 Capital. Salaries. Cost of materials, Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. Expressed in thousands. $18,384 13,337 3339 341 S3, 634 3,101 13, 262 3,663 $9,914 10,402 48,462 42,078 2,076 1,630 6,599 6,480 18,052 18,683 29,774 32,214 24,665 23,208 961 843 3,758 3,960 26,673 24,290 35,338 33,626 31,172 29,919 1,257 1,095 1,681 1,512 4,449 4,169 16,105 16,179 9,001 7,330 526 395 -2,364 2,221 5,796 5,452 9,969 9,443 3,647 2,814 237 228 1,244 1,182 2,250 3,231 5,608 5,921 13,329 11,678 953 656 1,068 864 7,482 6,571 11,310 10,108 9,395 6,991 293 237 1,110 876 4,468 3,412 7,306 5,870 4,466 3,416 450 328 690 563 3,022 2,342 5,065 3,908 12,238 10,460 1,461 1,138 1,049 962 5,546 4,329 12,549 10,098 56,463 43,747 7,243 5,994 10,349 8,614 18,775 15,614 56,374 46,676 6,009 5,334 419 312 1,046 899 26,617 21,922 29,008 24,726 6,115 4,637 493 347 664 473 6,880 6,838 10,465 8,643 162,003 163,989 7,343 5,724 34, 919 31,562 110,313 109, 143 177,237 175,061 9,132 9,275 823 768 3,388 3,090 6,249 6,049 14,759 15,578 364, 798 265,824 15,867 13,206 51,982 43,848 194,341 175,049 318,126 277,846 $6,652 6,839 11,722 13,631 8,665 9,336 10,666 11,010 4,173 3,991 3.358 2,690 3,537 2,838 2,458 2,043 1,566 7,004 5,769 37,599 31,062 3,391 2,804 3,685 2,805 66,924 65,918 8,510 9,529 123,785 102,797 1 Excludes statistics for establishments located outside of the corporate limits of Philadelphia, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The figures for these establishments are included under the head of "all other industries." 2 Includes "printing and publisliing, newspapers and periodicals"; "printing and publishing, book and job"; "printing and publistung, music"; "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing"; and "lithographing." 'Includes "carpets and rugs, other than rag''; "cordage and twine and jute and linen goods"; "cotton goods, including cotton small wares"; "dyeing and finishing textiles"; "hosiery and knit goods"; "shoddy"; "silk and silk goods, including throwsters"; and "woolen, worsted, and felt goods, Including wool hats."' * Includes two plants (combined in one report) located outside of metropolitan district. Pittsburgh metropolitan district. — The Pittsburgh metropoUtan district, which ranked fourth among the metropoUtan districts of the United States in manu- facturing in 1914, embraces 405,880 acres of territory, of which 26,511 acres constitute the land area of Pittsburgh, and 379,369 the outside territory. The estimated population of Pittsburgh in 1914 was 564,878 and that of the outside territory 591,971, the total for the district being 1,156,849. As defined by the census of 1914, the metropoHtan district com- prised 119 cities, boroughs, and townships, a list of which is given below. Allegheny County— Continued. Allegheny County. Aleppo township. Aspmwall borough. Avalou borough. Baldwin township. Bellevue borough. Ben Avon borough. Bethel township. Braddock boroueb. Braddock townsnip. Bridgeville borough. Carnegie borough. Carrick borough. Chartiers townsliip. Cheswick borough. Clairton borough. Colher townsliip. Coraopolis borough. Crattou borough. Crescent township. Dormont borough. Dravosburg borough. Duquesne borough. East Deer townsnip. East McKeesport borough. East Pittsburgh borough. Edgewood bomugh. . iufrthb^#f/zec/ by Allegheny County— Continued. Elizabeth township. Emsworth borough. Etna borough. Forward township. Glassport borough. Gclenfleld borough. Greentree borough. Harmar townsliip. Hays borough. Haysville borough. Heidelberg borough. Homestead borough. Ingram borough. Jefferson borough. Kennedy township. Kilbuck townsliip. Knoxvllle borough. Leet township. Leetsdale borough. Lincoln township. Lower St. Clair township. , McKeesport city. McKees Books borough. MifBiu townsliip. Millvale borough. Moon township. Mount Olivet borough. Munhall borough. Neville township. North Braddock borough. North Fayette township. North Versailles township. Oakdale borough. Oakmont borough. O'Hara township. Osbum borough. .Patton township _ -Patton townsrip^^ Allegheny County— Continued. Pittsburgh city. Plum township. Port Vue borough. Rankin borough. Reserve townsnip. Robinson townsnip. Ross township. St. Clair borough. Scott township. Sewickley borough. Sbaler township. Sharpsburg borough. Snowden township. South Fayette township. South Versailles township. Spring Garden borough. Springdale borough. Springdale townsnip. Stowe township. Swlssvale borough. Tarentum borough. Thomburg borough. Traflord borough (part of). Turtle Creek borough. Union township. Upper St. Clair township. Verona borough. Versailles borough. Versailles townsnip. Wall borough. West Elizabeth borough. West Homestead borougk. Westview borough. Whitaker borouSh. WlUrins townshup. Wilkinsburg borough. Wilmerding borou^. Wilson borough. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1295 Washington County. Finley ville borough. Union township. Westmoeelakd Cotjntt. Arnold borough. Irwin borough. Jeanette borough. Lower Burrell township. Wkstmoeeland County— Continued. Manor borough. N.ew Kensington borough. North Huntingdon townsliip. North Irwin borough. Parnassus borough. Penn borough. Penn township. Traflord borough (part of). Tte accompanying outline map shows the boimda- ries of the district and the principal cities and boroughs. Summary for the district. — Table 18 summarizes, for 1914, the statistics of manufactures for the Pitts- burgh metropoHtan district, for the cities of Pitts- burgh and McKeesport, Wilkinsburg, Homestead, Braddock, McKees Rocks, Carnegie, and for the re- mainder of the state. The percentage which the fig- ures for Pittsburgh represent of the total for the district is shown in the case of each item. ^^ eOROUOHS L LOWER ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIP Table 18 Population^ Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . . Sali&ied employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Canital Sabries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . PITTSBUEGH METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. The district. 1,156,849 2,479 177,328 2,167 24,248 149,913 910,245 $705,660,139 136,352,480 33,542,199 102,810,281 . 1,075,645 8,812,330 350,561,800 573,380,021 222,818,221 Pittsburgh. 564,878 1,741 83,385 1,680 12,185 69,620 308,823 $309,217,271 61,369,040 16,300,808 45,068,232 726,766 4,876,255 149,915,402 246,694,018 96,778,616 District exclusive of Pittsburgh. •Total. 591,971 738 93,943 5S7 12,063 80,293 601,422 $396,442,868 74,983,440 17,241,391 57,742,049 348,879 3,936,075 200,646,398 326,686,003 126,039,605 McKees- port. 45,965 73 7,838 65 916 6,857 65,599 $42,482,263 6,440,712 1,192,414 5,248,298 280 594,397 20,917,035 33,743,329 12,826,294 Willdns- burg. 21,701 29 254 23 37 194 1,094 $560,462 184,390 39,898 144,492 5,180 16,337 262,365 672,207 309,842 Home- stead. 21,256 30 360 26 74 260 1,276 $1,480,478 256,004 78,241 177,763 5,623 46,299 459, 127 1,019,118 559,991 Brad- dock. 20,935 39 1,339 38 161 1,140 8,266 $5,214,683 1,022,671 219,094 803,577 385 66,966 2,651,415 4,021,540 1,370,125 McKees Rocks. 18,258 39 3,887 30 309 • 3,548 11,534 810,885,543 2,848,110 429,416 2,418,694 201 71,642 3,955,340 7,894,165 Carnegie. 11,150 19 432 17 78 337 1,342 $2,202,451 327,845 96,441 231,404 66,862 902,035 1,724,111 822,076 Eemain- der.i 452,706 509 79,833 388 10,488 67,957 522,311 $333,616,988 63,903,708 15,185,887 48,717,821 336,850 3,074,572 171,499,081 277,711,533 106,212,452 Per cent Pitts- burgh is of total for dis- trict. 48.8 70.2 47.0 72.9 50.3 46.4 33.9 43.8 46.0 48.6 43.8 67.6 65.3 42.8 43.0 43.4 1 Includes Duquesne and North Braddock, the statistics for which can not be shown without disclosing individual operations, a Estimated population July 1, 1914. In 1914 the metropolitan district had 2,479 manu- facturing establishments, which gave employment to 177,328 persons during the year and paid out $136,- 352,480 in salaries and wages. These estabhshments manufactured products to the value] the greater part of which was reported by factories outside of the central city. Pittsburgh contained nearly one-half of the popidation of the district, of which it is the commercial and financial center, but |/i^^0yCOfe[fl)#@nly 43 per cent of the value of the 1296 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. maniifactured products of the district. This is due largely to the steel works and roUing miUs and blast furnaces, which require considerable space for the operation of their plants and are consequently located outside of the corporate limits of the city. The number of manufacturing establishments in Pitts- burgh constituted 70.2 per cent of the total number in the district and gave employment to 46.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners employed. Comparison with earlier censuses. — Table 19 is a comparative sxmomary, for the district as a whole, for 1914 and 1909, and gives percentages of increase for the five-year period. An increase is shown in all the comparable items of this table, except the cost of materials and value of products, the latter showing a decrease of less than 1 per cent. The greatest increases were for salaries and wages, number of salaried employees, and pri- mary horsepower. Table 19 Population Number ol establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) . Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) PITTSBUBGH METROPOLITiLN DISTBICT. 1914 2 1,156,849 2,479 177,328 2,167 24,248 149,913 910,245 $705,660,139 136,352,480 33, 542, 199 102,810,281 1,075,645 8,812,330 350,561,800 573,380,021 222,818,221 1909 » 1,044,743 2,369 163,258 2,102 20,692 140,464 791,047 $642,527,046 115,049,924 24,934,082 90,115,842 366,892,433 578,815,493 211,923,060 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 10.7 4.6 8.6 3.1 17.2 6.7 15.1 9.8 18.5 34.5 14.1 -4.5 -0.9 5.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Estimated population July 1, 1914. ' Population of Apr. 15, 1910. < Pigures not available. Comparative summary, hy industries. — ^Table 20 pre- sents, for 1914 and 1909, statistics for 24 selected industries of the district. Table 20 Census year. PITTSBUKGH METKOPOLITAN DISTBICT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Persons engaged in industry. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried em- ployees. Wage earners (average num- ber). Primary horse- power. Capital. Salaries. Cost ol materials Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. Expressed in thousands. All industries Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving , Cars and general .shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothings Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding Confectionery foundry and machine-shop products Tumiture and refrigerators Glass Ice, manufactured Iron and steel ' Xeather, tanned, curried, and finished Liquors, distilled X,iquors, malt Lumber and timber products Paint and varnish 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2,479 2,369 394 391 111 '11 !12 16 > 16 20 262 218 176,328 163,258 667 822 4,132 1,856 1,684 3,815 3,073 12,429 10,374 1,163 1,083 1,037 955 27,062 22,118 373 7,434 7,322 747 426 62,810 65,697 163 273 216 168 1,668 1,589 1,242 1,419 684 633 2,167 2,102 434 427 157 111 15 20,692 149,913 140,464 910,245 791,047 $705,660 642,527 101 102 718 569 104 122 1,701 1,349 725 130 108 63 42 119 112 4,475 3,553 103 46 445 374 110 104 6,195 5,432 18 27 90 38 224 235 187 142 216 1'46 545 704 2,980 2,327 1,729 1,520 2,105 1,710 11,704 9,438 976 926 33 27 907 22,430 18,454 468 315 6,983 6,912 630 315 66,603 60,269 144 244 121 124 1,444 1,354 1,187 372 1,726 2,850 3,195 2,490 7,313 7,314 2,182 1,811 13, 755 15,094 255 353 178 802 724 56,210 41,908 984 629 16,570 13,632 11,077 10,136 667,792 692,311 355 846 1,375 1,260 11, 526 11,321 5,331 5,408 2,109 2,463 3,335 4,274 9,177 6,601 5,163 6,402 9,964 6,823 10,176 8,685 1,338 1,342 380 311 1,818 1,538 100,079 70,585 20,499 20,795 8,785 4,024 360,908 347,838 1,036 1,553 3,422 2,074 33,183 24,112 3,318 3,561 4,070 3,879 $33,542 24,934 $102,810 90,116 176 147 796 540 143 1.51 1,893 1,338 779 108 94 61 36 144 106 6, .548 4,405 128 54 143 119 9,003 7,17fi 46 140 72 447 473 205 156 362 425 1,600 1,244 859 749 917 615 8,986 6,606 18 14 336 262 15, 744 12,780 328 188 4,455 3,649 385 214 42,636 42,000 90 139 80 72 1,203 1,060 671 775 230 $350,562 366,892 2,673 2,469 6,018 5,403 801 777 5,187 2,392 9,682 9,164 1,147 1,201 867 612 1,991 1,549 30,578 24,140 772 440 3,804 3,561 329 282 195,978 243,357 733 2,917 1,936 2,183 1,854 2,339 2,— $573,380 578,815 11,032 9,568 2,262 2,432 11,492 6,202 20,637 16,805 2,117 2,084 1,118 811 2,859 2,284 68,353 52,411 1,444 900 11,500 8,766 1,423 1,371 276,004 339,869 1,098 1,162 2,859 3,650 8,643 8,236 3,542 3,189 3,717 3,780 $222,818 211,923 792 929 5,014 4,165 1,461 1,655 6,305 3,810 10,955 7,641 ' 970 883 2,51 199 735 37,775 28,271 672 460 7,696 5,205 1,094 1,089 80,026 96,512 105 . 1,777 2,917 5,726 6,300 1,359 1,335 1,378 1,142 lishmS^eln'c'fX'lAtolhe he"^ 0° "X\^^^^^^ °°'^'"'"* """'^^ "' ^''^^"^^- *° "^"'^ ^""^""^ °' individual operations. The figures for these estab- I Includes 11 repair shops (combined in two reports) located outside of the metropolitan district. 3 Includes both men's and women's clothing. * Includes "iron and steel, blast furnaces"- "'"■ ters"; "iron and steel forgi^s'' iron and "iron and steel, wroug' >teel works and rolliog mills "; "iron and steel, doors and shut^ : nulls"; and "tm plate and terneplate." »"wuiaaiiu3uu«- MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1297 Table 20— Continued. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Petroleum, refining Printing and publishing i Slaughtering and meat pacldng Springs, steel, car, and carriage Tobacco manufactures All other industries Census ye^. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PITTSBURGH METROPOLITAN DISTRICT. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. 351 324 212 248 753 655 Persons engaged in industry. Total. 295 282 553 366 5,168 4,639 1,445 1,181 578 965 3,528 3,662 37,046 30,951 Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried em- ployees. 364 325 219 266 708 656 124 95 146 69 1,437 1,212 2S6 252 106 112 128 168 6,297 6,357 Wage earners (average num- ber). 145 169 404 304 3,377 3,102 1,162 920 471 851 3,181 3,139 30,041 24,938 Primary horse- power. 212 320 2,876 712 6,422 4,663 3,913 4,471 1,510 1,984 278 213 67,918 Capital. Salaries. Cost of materials. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. Expressed in thousands. N 3958 856 $177 124 $79 73 $503 392 $1,211 1,147 4,373 2,417 196 78 299 206 4,071 2,961 4,814 3,935 10,511 10,375 1,664 1,365 2,493 2,131 3,422 2,800 11,486 9,663 5,046 4,007 379 319 811 613 17,434 12,666 19,383 14,492 4,035 3,879 203 219 281 463 1,149 1,931 1,830 3,168 2,362 1,921 141 144 1,083 866 1,515 1,201 4,111 3,714 100,266 103,850 8,838 6,254 18,418 14,398 53,222 41,620 97,080 75,778 $703 765 743 974 8,0a! 6,803 1,949 1,827 681 1,237 2,596 2,513 43,858 34,268 ' Includes " printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals" ; "printing and publishing, book and job"; "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper plate, mcludmg plate printing"; and "lithographing." Measured by value of products, the most important industry in the district was iron and steel, which showed a decease in number of establishments, aver- age number of wage earners, and total value of prod- ucts. The next in importance were foundries and machine shops and steam-raiboad repair shops. These three industries, which are closely allied, repre- sented 63.6 per cent of the total product for aU in- dustries in 1914 and 70.7 per cent in 1909. Slaughter- ing and meat packing, with a value of products of $19,383,497 in 1914, 92.6 per cent of which was re- ported by Pittsburgh, shows an increase of 33.7 per cent since 1909. Other industries showing substan- tial increases are glass, canning and preserving, print- ing and publishing, and bread and other bakery products. Under "all other industries" are included, in addi- tion to minor industries, some important establish- ments located outside the corporate limits of Pitts- burgh, for which statistics can not be given without disclosing individual operations. Character of ownership. — Table 21 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organi- zation, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, sta- tistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for indi- vidual cities the figures are for aU industries combined and relate to 1914 only. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments, it is neces- sary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 21 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. DJDCSTRT AND ClTl. OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- po- ra- tions All oth- ers. indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- po- ra- tions AU oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora^ tions. AU others. Indi- vid- uals. 8.8 10.2 11.6 Cor- po- ra- tions 81.9 78.2 71.7 AU oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 i914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 15,636 16,051 13,615 6,651 6,880 4,640 6,234 6,632 6,340 924,478 877,543 763,282 98,263 111,437 106,647 721,070 642,866 610,711 106, 155 123,240 146,024 10.6 12.7 14.0 78.0 73.3 66.9 11.4 14.0 19.1 $2,832,349,437 2,626,742,034 1,955,551,332 $249,990,365 267,060,904 226,900,537 $2,319,666,599 2,063,458,638 .1,403,081,867 $262,692,473 306,222,592 365,568,938 9.3 11.6 16.6 Bread and other bakery products. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Hosiery and knit goods. . . Leather, tanned, curried,, and finished. 2,670 2,907 394 407 214 175 40 48 878 1,034 695 646 183 186 14 39 101 71 49 27 65 26 76 84 75 67 835 757 179 149 77 88 216 207 256 26£ 214 201 39 43 312 359 357 292 136 130 29 36 16,157 12,221 21,126 23,623 17,217 15,701 14,640 16,293 2,696 2,432 91,820 86,821 41,130 38,206 7,475 6,991 6,011 7,545 6,220 5,309 1,451 2,424 1,139 1,254 4,062 5,923 7,234 9,363 igd 6,613 4,320 4,838 2,328 4,030 1,896 9,956 10,329 759 491 83,057 76,816 26,718 21,129 1,169 910 10,277 13,760 7,967 8,496 3,233 3,540 701 687 4,701 4,083 7,178 7,714 if 49.3 57.2 28.5 31.9 30.3 33.8 9.9 14.9 43.9 61.6 4.4 6.8 17.6 24.6 m 43.0 36.3 22.9 9.9 23.4 12.1 68.0 63.4 29.1 20.2 90.5 88.5 66.0 56.3 7.7 7.4 48.6 58.2 46.3 54.1 22.1 21.7 27.0 28.2 5.1 4.7 17.4 20.2 54,139,906 45,850,070 40,370,330 39,681,760 37,059,174 32,837,424 32,400,446 33,917,033 43,626,356 44,782,658 233,616,370 210,746,257 64,153,449 49,667,606 X(Sfe«52,532 /7W26.321 26,191,469 25,107,663 7,755,815 9,244,332 11,682,830 10,300,487 2,844,404 5,355,664 15,824,454 19,789,007 8,562,155 11,666,806 10,965,854 12,160,619 802:688 2,882,720 24,193,485 17,434,256 12,845,150 4,183,165 8,298,248 3,914,301 23*, 199, 423 21,958,816 16,785,970 12,261,382 215,773,047 190,500,468 41,994,741 26,544,730 66,781,277 61,050,766 3,754,962 3,308,151 19,769,365 26,254,273 17,078,096 18,622,636 6,366,619 6,602,563 11,015,932 12,732,169 9,281,168 8,678,983 11,202,864 10,952,167 18,668,567 13,992,836 48.4 54.8 19.2 23.3 31.5 31.4 8.8 ' 15.8 36.3 44.2 3.7 6.5 17.1 24.5 (K-9 3.7 44.7 38.0. 31.8 10.6 22.4 11.9 71.6 64.7 38.5 27.4 92.4 90.4 66.4 63.6 77.2 78.3 6.9 .7.2 49.0 66.2 46.1 56.7 19.6 19.5 25.2 28.4 4.0 4.1 17.5 22.1 21.!, 18.0 82101°— 18- -82 1298 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 2 1— Continued. INDUSTET AND CITY. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing.. Silk goods, including throwsters. Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures Woolen, worsted, ajid felt goods, and wool harts. Total for cities Allentown Altoona Beaver Falls Bethlehem Bkaddock Bkadfoed Bkistol BnTLEK Caebondale Carlisle Carnegie Chambeksbueg Chaeleeoi Chester Columbia , connellsville Dubois DUNMOEE Easton Erie Franklin .Greater Punxsutaw- NEY , Geeensburg ■ Harrisburg Hazleton Homestead Johnstown X Lancaster Latrobe Lebanon McKees Eocks McKeespokt Mahanot City Meadville Mount Carmel Nanticoke '. , New Castle ■^Norristown Ohj City PHILADELPHtA Phoenixville Pittsburgh PiTTSTON i Plymouth ^ POTTSTOWN POTTSVILLE J, Reading sceanton Shamokin SflAEON...". Shenandoah South Bethlehem....'. SUNBURY T AMAQUA .- Taylor Uniontown Warren Washington ^ West Chester Wilkes-Barre WlLKDTSBURG Williamsport York All other cities i Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 number op establishments OWNED BY— Indi- vid- uals. 34 62 1,472 1,640 1,487 1,445 26 32 1,825 2,091 57 8,726 148 45 22 20 25 15 77 39 18 11 12 68 191 11 12 28 128 42 12 62 186 10 51 16 35 25 23 13 16 825 23 10 43 78 272 155 100 17 96 135 Cor- po- ra- tions 246 270 552 471 207 148 120 87 4,002 16 13 53 14 19 14 7 29 13.') 21 14 11 58 16 13 50 60 10 33 17 24 2 21 7 3 42 38 ,13 1,768 11 592 8 5 22 19 120 109 14 15 56 All oth- ers. 630 757 249 254 12 13 12 1,717 7 324 8 2 12 18 94 44 8 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 7,512 7,234 21,297 26, 873 26,909 24,696 44,755 36,469 3,050 37,370 33,188 24,461 27, 409 578,387 13,685 10,732 2,639 1,496 1,140 1,178 1,' 3,303 1,; 1,603 337 1,660 1,904 6,295 2,141 1,087 1,105 948 4,062 11,016 1,479 7,966 2,744 260 12,177 8,862 670 5,270 3,548 6,857 661 1,676 978 747 6,381 3,959 2,276 251,286 2,927 69,620 729 478 2,622 3,506 24,131 12,659 2,634 2, 475 10,892 1,718 974 333 776 1,876 2,002 894 8,107 194 6,015 10,851 22, In establishments owned by— Indi- vid- uals. 613 813 7,652 9,445 6,304 6,029 3,598 3,097 747 693 8,475 10,010 3,607 4,340 66,624 1,574 -271 46 76 90 156 1,114 110 87 98 20 113 17 528 719 72 110 25 2,215 64 109 628 207 24 263 960 37 276 138 148 124 496 36 39,216 330 4,074 248 321 215 436 3,641 763 82 71 202 204 92 180 122 141 182 102 494 72 514 1,362 264 IT Cor- pora- tions. 6,372 5,612 8,336 10,808 17,334 14,267 35, 487 26,141 2, 1,969 17,031 12,844 16,670 15,127 439,490 9,003 10,312 2,646 1,165 1,027 810 596 2,768 1,793 1,253 295 1,367 1,857 5,339 1,328 946 1,637 9,325 1,322 602 304 6,819 1,623 218 11,299 5,790 628 4,685 3,481 6,660 81 1,667 707 45 6,184 2,840 2,167 166,706 2,514 61,238 244 162 1,997 2,863 17,540 11,013 2,422 2,031 163 776 314 1,565 1,773 746 104 5,229 7,225 21.867 All oth- ers. 527 809 5,309 6,620 3,271 4,410 6,670 7,231 11,864 10,334 4,284 7,942 73,273 3,108 149 48 265 23 213 99 425 17 262 22 170 30 428 94 37 59 210 133 44 81 619 914 IS 616 2,112 6 409 28 59 152 62 246 564 73 623 73 45,365 &3 4,308 237 6 410 217 2,950 783 130 196 110 795 46 18 16 46 170 47 46 667 18 272 2,264 71' mifrm h / u mknm Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 8.2 11.2 35.9 35.1 23, 24.4 8.0 8.5 20.3 22.7 22.7 30.2 14.7 15.8 11.3 11.6 2.6 1.7 6.1 7.9 13.1 61.6 3.3 4.6 6.1 5.9 6.8 0.9 8.4 33.6 6.6 10.0 2.6 54.6 7. 1.6 9.0 22.1 6.6 7.6 9.2 2.2 10.8 6.6 5.2 1.1 2.0 647 4.0 2.6 19.8 1, 12.5 1.6 15.7 11.3 6.9 34.0 67.2 8.2 12.4 15.1 6.1 3.1 3.1 42.5 1.9 5.4 18.5 0. ) 15.7 7.5 9.1 11.4 6.1 37.1 8.5 12.6 ,1.2 Cor- po- ra- tions 84.8 77.6 39.1 40.2 64.4 67.7 79.3 71.7 72.4 64.6 45.6 38.7 67.7 55.2 76.0 65.8 96.1 96.6 77.2 90.1 68 8 32. 83. 94.5 78.2 87.6 82. 97.5 84.8 62.0 87.0 86.7 91.1 40.3 84.6 89.4 84.8 61.5 85.6 69.1 92. 65.3 92.6 87.0 98.1 97.1 12.3 92.9 72.3 6.0 96.9 71.7 96.2 66.3 85.9 87.9 33.5 31.8 76.2 81.4 72.7 87.7 92.0 88.4 34.3 90. 92.0 79.7 94.3 78.4 83.4 88.6 83.4 85.7 53.6 86.9 66.6 96.7 All oth- ers. 7.0 11.2 24.9 24.6 12.2 17.9 12.7 19.8 7.4 12.7 31.7 31.1 17.6 29.0 12.7 22.7 1.4 1 17.7 2.0 18.1 5.5 12.9 1.0 15.7 6.5 10.3 1. 6.8 4.4 6.3 3.3 6.2 6.2 7.5 9.0 6.2 16.4 7. 33.3 6.9 5.0 23.8 0.9 7.8 0.8 0.9 23.0 3.1 25.1 74.2 1.1 15.7 3.2 18.0 2.8 6.2 32.5 1.0 16.6 6.2 12.2 6.2 4.9 23.2 7.3 2.7 1. 4.8 5.9 9.1 2.3 5.1 8.2 4.5 20.9 3.1 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Total. $60,362,792 47,712,570 49,948,523 67,453,583 84,976,922 70,584,179 86,938,564 62,061,302 65,981,384 51,850,936 54,213,048 60,161,387 64,408,670 77,446,! 1,786,882,439 33,918,299 22,592,676 7,963,420 3,786,568 4,021,640 4,034,401 5,037,120 15,006,393 3,170,410 3,414,959 1,724,111 3,076,292 2,909,338 21,021,170 3,340,702 1,993,657 2,394,634 "1,268,939 10,367,227 29,447,084 10,608,017 2,227,620 1,382,472 18,872,156 6,693,761 1,019,118 50,973,960 20,011,393 2,213,234 9,871,443 7,894,165 33,743,329 1,057,349 5,057,962 1,279,906 995,335 38,384,877 8,421,430 4,871,981 784,499,633 6,238,757 246,694,018 1,899,812 831.439 10,195,800 53,231,926 28,721,829 5.541,617 6,372,998 1,573,464 40,179,381 5,115,641 1,686,748 244,941 2,237,177 8,611,207 6,093,672 2,084,505 16,733,954 572,207 15,863,699 22,043,328 m 791,578 01 establishments owned by- Individ- uals'. $3,518,871 4,639,838 14,744,451 17,647,216 14,690,322 14,139,129 5,975,213 5,766,036 11,000,267 9,406,946 12,908,168 14,018,961 11,852,967 12,195,424 169,349,261 3,449,842 761,231 174,668 195,456 320,061 1,326,421 3,802,577 503, 178 244,144 209,566 93,171 210,833 109,413 1,334,348 897,827 198,606 313,619 89,795 864,958 2,273,973 128,236 226,906 320,221 1,560,575 .447,935 89,256 1,605,560 2,329,891 115, 192 804,423 95,750 399,908 290,762 202,296 78,936 172,534 306,274 1,002,562 92,506 107,016,410 691,947 12,699,478 643,229 653,401 519,399 793,004 7,327,304 2,164,454 218,167 205,462 368,344 587,331 203,492 274,649 5,616 436,938 290,835 666,753 367,943 1,151,619 252,923 1,129,186 2,703,808 645,174 Corpora- tions. $43,668,637 38,150,649 22,76.5,440 26,187,452 62,146,906 45,791,442 68,326,411 43,924,791 , 50,737,815 35,458,412 26,207,717 19,967,810 41,006,150 42,383,907 ;,435,67S,868 24,397,132 21,356,428 7,668,659 2,167,581 3,612,638 2,331,752 975,! 13,663,022 2,889,! 2,663,997 1,554,750 2,475,294 2,759,760 17,911,840 2,022,841 1,627,210 1,963,113 1,019,617 8,771,457 24,784,382 10,133,624 1,850,644 744,327 15,897,480 4,060,708 844,912 47,970,404 13,655,816 2,084,196 8,206,647 7,738,706 33,192,802 504.083 4,617,507 748,022 313,639 37,871,966 6,440,728 4,519,602 559,318,646 5,265,195 221,999,036 763,322 257,933 7,324,159 8,614,354 40,637,649 24,880,616 5,030,080 4,837,733 1,165,636 38,400,293 4,362,920 1,369,848 186,056 1,49'7,635 7,672,558 4,431,804 1,626,027 14,140,570 266,505 14,190,927 15,683,796 103,642,639 All others. $3,175,284 4,922,083 12,438,632 13,718,916 8,139,694 10,653,608 12,636,930 12,370,475 4,243,302 6,985,578 16,097,163 16,174,616 11,649,553 22,867,665 180,954,310 6,071,326 486,017 120, 193 1,423,531 88,851 376,228 258,550 840,193 36,300 541,398 76, 190 389, 166 40, 165 1,774,982 420,034 167,742 117,802 129,527 720, 812 2,388,729 346,157 150,071 317,924 1,414,101 1,096,118 84,950 1,497,996 4,025,686 13 ,846 860,473 59,710 160,619 262,604 238, 159 452,948 509,282 206,648 978,140 259, 874 118,164,677 291,616 11,995,604 493,261 20,106 1,022,302 788,442 5,266,973 1,676,769 293,370 1,329,803 39,485 1,191,757 649,229 42,251 302,604 647,814 96,115 90,535 1,441,765 62,779 543,586 3,656,727 1,503,765 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- po- ra- tions 7.0 9.7 29.5 30.5 17.3 20.0 18.7 18.1 27.9 18.4 15.7 10.2 3.3 2.2 5.2 8.0 32.9 75.5 3.4 7.7 6.1 5.4 6.8 3, 6.3 10.0 13.1 7.1 8.4 7.7 1.2 10. 23.2 & 8.0 3.0 11.6 6.2 8.1 1.2 1.2 27.5 4.0 6.2 17.3 0. 11. 1.9 13.8 11.1 5.) 33.9 66.6 5.9 7.8 13.8 7.6 3.9 3.2 23.4 1.5 4.0 16.3 88.7 80.0 46.6 45.8 73.1 64.9 78.8 70.8 76.9 68.4 46.5 39. 63.7 54.7 19.5 3.4 11 17.7 78.0 6.9 84.5 44.2 7.1 12.3 0.6 71.9 94.5 96.3 57 2 57 8 19.4 91.0 91.2 78.0 90.1 80.5 94 8 85.2 60.6 81.6 82.0 82.7 846 84.2 95.6 83.1 5-3.8 84.2 72.4 82.9 941 68.2 94 2 83.1 98.0 98. 4 47 7 91.3 58.6 31.6 98.7 76.6 92.8 71.3 84.2 90.0 40.2 31.0 845 76. 86.6 90. 75.9 741 95.6 85.3 81.2 76.0 66.9 89.1 87.0 44.8 11.0 89. 5 3. 4 71.1 16.6 98.0 1.4 ■ All other cities embrace; CoatesviUe, Dickson City, Duquesne, Parrell (formerly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddock, Old Forge, and Steelton. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1299 The figures in the preceding table indicate a pro- nounced tendency toward the corporate form of owner- ship. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase in the number of estabhshments throughout the state operated by corporations but a decrease in individual and all other forms of owner- ship. In 1914 the greatest proportion of the estabhshments, 56.8 per cent of the total, was owned by individuals; but measured by value of products and average number of wage earners, corporations were by far the most important. Although only 24.2 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state were under corporate control, this class reported 81.9 per cent of the total value of products and 78 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The relative number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations has been greater at each successive census. With few exceptions, both in 1914 and 1909, the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the 15 industries for which separate statistics are shown was reported by corporations. Individual ownership predominated in a majority of the industries shown in the table, but the bakeries and clothing factories (both men's and women's) were the only ones of th^s class in which the greatest proportion of wage earners and value of products was reported by estabhshments owned by individuals or firms. In the cities the same general condition prevailed as throughout the state, namely, the bulk of manu- factures and a majority of the wage earners were reported by corporations. Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments is indicated by the statistics in Table 22, Table 23 VALUE OP PBODTTCT. NUMBER 'of ESTABU3HMENIS. AVEBAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEES. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. : 1 ■ VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTT7EJ. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 27,521 27,563 23,495 924,478 877,543 763,282 $2,832,349,437 $2,626,742,034 $1,955,551,332 $1,143,428,721 81,044,182,046 $812,608,625 Less than $5,000 $5 000 to $20,000 9,264 8,598 5,868 3,300 491 9,493 8,764 5,802 3,104 400 7,667 7,876 5,184 2,684 284 10,980 43, 762 124,626 368,694 376,416 12,392 46,720 131, 163 370,082 317,186 11,307 46,076 127,130 325,475 253,294 21,808,636 87,643,164 265,593,740 967,023,805 1,490,280,092 22,574,998 90,897,695 258,998,645 923,159,484 1,331,111,312 18,788,800 80,441,200 231,119,163 723, 662, 644 901,539,625 13,577,165 47,818,762 129,586,957 428,291,132 524,154,705 13,719,359 48,261,171 128,772,576 412,461,925 440,977,015 11,558,864 43 384 120 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.... $1,000,000 and over 119,478,621 326,666,667 311,520,463 PEE CENT DISTRIBUTION. AUclasses 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 33.7 "31.2 21.3 12.0 1.8 34.4 31.8 21.0 11.3 1.5 32.2 33.5 22.1 11.0 1.2 1.2 4.7 13.5 39.9 40.7 1.4 5.3 14.9 42.2 36.1 1.5 6.0 16.7 42.6 33.2 0.8 3.1 9.4 34.1 52.6 0.9 3.5 9.9 35.1 50.7 1.0 4.1 11.8 37.0 46.1 1.2 4.2 11.3 37.5 46.8 1.3 4.6 12.3 39.5 42.2 1.4 5.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000.... $1,000,000 and over 14.7 40.2 38.3 For 1914, 491 estabhshments, or 1.8 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products valued at $1,000,000 and over, as compared with 400, or 1.5 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 284, or 1.2 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these estabhshments reported 40.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 52.6 per cent of the total products, as measured by value, and 45.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the smaller establishments — those having prod- ucts valued at less than $5,000 — although represent- ing 33.7 per cent of the total number of establishments, employed only 1.2 per cent of the total wage earners, and reported less than 1 per cent of the total value of products, and 1.2 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. Establishments having products valued at $1,000,000 and over contributed a relatively greater amount of the total value of products at each successive census, 46.1 per cent in 1904, 50.7 per cent in 1909, and 52.6 per cent in 1914. Estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over represented 13.8 per cent of B^)^mtf Microsoft® of estabhshments, employed 80.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners, and contributed 86.8 per cent of the total value of products for the state. Table 23 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 15 of the important industries, a classification of estabhshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added b}^ manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 22 for all industries combined. In 1914, as in 1909, the manufacture of silk and woolen goods, and malt liquors, the tanning and finishing of leather, and slaughtering and meat packing were conducted in the comparatively large establishments. In each of these industries establish- ment whose products were valued at $100,000 or more employed more than 84 per cent of the wage earners engaged in the industry and reported more than 90 per cent of the value of products. A large proportion of the bakeries, Ixmiber mills, priatiag and pubhshing establishments, and tobacco factories were small, manufacturing products valued at less than $20,000 each. 1300 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 23 INDUSTKT AND VALUE OF PBODDCT. Bread and othek bakekt PKODtrCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Clothing, men's, including SBIETS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Clothing, women's. Less than $5,000. . . $5,000 to $20,000..., $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over.. Cotton goods, including cotton small -waees Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . . $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over... Floue-mill and gristmill products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000.. $1,000,000 and over .. . Foundry and machine shop products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Hosiery and knit goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Leather, tanned, curried, AND finished $5,000 to $20,000 '.... $20,000 to $100,000. . . . $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. . Liquors, malt. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . . $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. . Lumber and timber prod- ucts Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000. . . . $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over i Silk goods, throwsters. . INCLUDING Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . . $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. 2,987 Printing and publishing... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1911 3,185 1,062 1,551 316 52 6 1,306 -,576 258 40 5 185 241 180 483 51 109 206 117 155 1,265 224 563 418 55 5 1,887 489 514 497 345 42 80 226 145 9 120 9 56 139 2,348 1,039 829 387 93 2,538 1,191 847 384 106 10 135 22 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 100.0 35.6 61.9 10.6 1.7 0.2 100.0 102 161 175 26.6 34.6 25.7 12.6 0.7 100.0 10.6 22.6 42.6 24.2 100.0 1,450 234 676 474 61 6 4.6 10.3 37.4 43.2 4.6 100.0 17.7 44.6 33.0 4.3 0.4 100.0 459 465 344 30 464 35 84 204 140 1 28 21 91 23 237 16 68 146 2,667 1,281 850 438 2,461 1,171 829 363 101 7 226 1914 1909 100.0 41.0 49.5 8.1 1.3 0.2 100.0 22.3 35.1 31.5 10.8 0.4 100.0 9.7 25.4 40.1 24.7 100.0 26.0 27.2 26.3 18.3 2.2 100.0 7.6 16.1 45.4 29.1 1.8 100.0 8.3 10.0 68.3 23.4 100.0 1.4 4.2 26.0 64.7 3.7 100.0 44.2 35.3 16.5 4.0 100.0 46.9 33.4 15.1 4.2 0.4 100.0 2.5 8.5 33.8 47.5 7.7 2.9 12.6 36.6 44.6 3.4 100.0 16.1 46.6 32.7 4.2 0.3 100.0 23.4 27.1 27.4 20.3 1.8 100.0 7.5 18.1 44.0 30.4 100.0 17.2 12.9 55.8 14.1 100.0 28.7 61.6 3.4 100.0 48.0 31.9 16.4 3.7 100.0 47.6 33.7 14.3 4.1 0.3 100.0 4.0 10.2 37.2 42.9 6.8 1914 15,157 793 4,257 3,479 3,767 2,861 21, 126 794 4,670 6,031 7,660 2,071 17,217 14,640 14 118 1,629 8,391 4,588 2,595 94 540 1,057 575 91,820 629 2,891 11,618 46,819 29,863 41,130 114 911 8,987 22,649 8,469 11,988 180 4,839 6,934 7,512 5 42 807 5,443 1,215 21,297 1,842 4,804 6,651 8,000 26,909 1,299 4,152 7,241 9,126 6,091 44,755 51 632 6,426 21,083 16,563 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 12,221 100.0 970 4,137 2,660 2,576 1,878 23,623 5.2 28.1 23.0 24.9 18.9 100.0 722 4,486 8,112 8,799 1,604 15,701 108 1,067 4,462 10,064 16,293 8 183 1,926 10,799 3,378 2,432 94 469 252 86,821 546 2,618 11,799 46,441 25,417 38,206 102 1,175 8,981 I 27,948 14,008 75 196 6,605 7,232 7,234 61 835 5,030 1,308 26,873 2,427 5,288 8,368 10,7Jp 24,696 1,466 4,286 6,806 9,975 2,163 36,469 96 378 6,941 18,250 10,804 1914 1909 100.0 7.9 33.9 21.8 21.1 15.4 100.0 3.8 21.6 28.6 36.3 9.8 100.0 100.0 0.6 6.1 27.8 65.6 100.0 100.0 0.1 0.8 10.4 67.3 31.3 100.0 3.6 20.8 40.7 22.2 12.7 100.0 0.7 3.1 12.7 51.0 32.6 100.0 0.3 2.2 21.9 55.1 20.6 100.0 0.3 1.5 40.4 57.8 100.0 0.1 0.6 10.7 72.5 16.2 100.0 8.6 22.6 31.2 37.6 100.0 15.4 26.9 33.9 18.9 100.0 0.1 1.4 14.4 47.1 37.0 m 1.1 11.8 66.3 20.7 100.0 0.6 3.0 13.6 63.5 29.3 100.0 0.3 3.1 23.5 73.2 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $54,139,906 3,158,237 14,669,528 11,549,950 13,313,532 11,448,669 40,370,330 445,665 2,602,601 8,037,902 20,966,178 8,329,084 37,059,174 124,312 1,226,674 9,787,627 25,920,661 32,400,446 18,551 195,392 3,082,061 18,195,632 10,908,810 43,626,356 656,498 6,302,659 16,157,683 11,162,090 9,348,426 233,616,370 1,220,618 6,319,549 24,169,076 108,893,863 94,014,265 64,153,449 100.0 0.5 1.4 46.4 51.6 100.0 0.8 11.5 69.5 18.1 100.0 9.0 19.7 31.1 40.2 100.0 6.9 17.4 27.6 40.4 8.8 100.0 0.3 1.0 19.0 50.0 29.6 82,956 931,637 12,008,676 36,359,578 14,770,602 85,262,532 84,808 814,267 32,626,486 51,727,971 50,362,792 10,669 133,982 3,458,411 35,619,725 11,140,005 49,948,523 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 $45,850,070 100.0 3,897,535 14,569,504 9,127,709 9,397,437 8,857,885 39,681,760 401, 328 2,633,941 9,628,375 20,783,386 6,234,730 32,837,424 103, 155 1,106,493 8,130,503 23,498,273 33,917,033 14,434 264,388 3,732„505 21,901,149 8,004,557 44,782,558 731,608 7,667,933 18,381,215 10,303,209 7,708,693 210,746,267 988,408 4,782,893 22,363,155 107,648,955 74,962,846 49,657,506 82,631 1,030,114 9,991,390 > 38,653,371 77,926,321 221,294 1,005,393 37,931,745 38,767,889 47,712,570 2,420,722 8,217,646 16,387,258 22,922,897 84,976,922 2,923,613 8,180,216 16,028,096 29,381,004 28,463,993 86,938,554 175,422 3,711,359 33,119,290 10,706,499 57,453,583 1914 1909 100.0 5.8 27.1 21.3 24.6 21.2 100.0 8.6 31.8 19.9 20.5 19.3 100.0 1.1 6.5 19.9 51.9 20.6 100.0 24.3 52 4 15.7 100.0 0.3 3.3 26.4 70.0 100.0 0.3 3.4 24.8 71.6 100.0 0.1 0.6 9.5 56.2 33.7 100.0 0.8 11.0 100.0 1.5 14.4 37.0 26.6 21.4 100.0 1.6 17.1 41.0 23.0 17.2 100.0 0.5 2.3 10.3 46.6 40.2 100.0 0.1 1.5 18.7 56.7 23.0 100.0 0.1 1.0 38.3 60.7 ioo:o 0.2 0.2 70.7 22.1 100.0 2,961,331 8,580,334 18,480,505 27,431,413 70,584,179 2,864,836 8,146,507 14,394,899 28,944,970 16,232,967 62,061,302 4.9 16.6 32.8 45.8 100.0 3.4 9.6 18.9 34.6 33.6 100.0 0.5 2.3 10.6 51.1 35.6 100.0 0.2 2.1 20.1 77.6 100.0 0.3 1.3 48.7 49.7 100.0 0.4 7.8 69.4 22.4 100.0 5.2 14.9 32.2 47.7 100.0 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 4.1 11.5 20.4 41.0 23.0 ipo.o w 0.4 7.3 53.8 38.5 $22,454,532 1,343,253 6,142,633 4,426,470 5,332,162 5,210,014 20,005,740 391,063 2,196,121 4,316,405 8,784,313 4,317,838 16,716,783 74,845 728,875 4,538,506 11,374,657 14,836,918 10,650 94,036 1,291,855 8,148,462 5,291,915 6,529,474 143,819 1,215,412 2,691,744 1,298,758 1,179,741 124,627,129 885,178 3,407,910 13,608,847 68,326,360 26,397,148 45,971 466,591 5,081,869 15,222,300 6,580,417 16,943,812 37,743 198,963 6,593,202 10,113,904 34,660,271 7,008 75,119 2,352,800 24,131,037 8,094,307 25,690,464 1,711,437 5,159,000 8,223,670 10,596,347 57,498,445 Percentdis- tribution. 1909 $18,520,454 100.0 1,620,376 6,003,773 3,543,466 3,443,676 3,909,173 19,818,626 6.0 27.4 19.7 23.7 23.2 100.0 354,214 2,134,782 5,403,446 8,926,569 2,999,615 14,681,191 1.9 11.0 2L6 43.9 21.6 100.0 66,343 715,037 3,802,253 10,097,558 15,160,008 0.4 4.4 27.2 68.0 100.0 6,891 147,059 1,667,490 9,550,979 3,887,589 6,612,430 0.1 0.6 8.7 54.9 35.7 100.0 134,662 1,358,669 2,899,887 1,412,363 806,869 109,735,517 681,614 3,013,043 12,593,764 56,358,299 37,088,797 22,439,565 42,893 639,428 4,640,244 •17j216,990 18,813,197 91,353 273,414 8,657,290 9,791,140 35,102,473 105,462 2,488,432 24,476,615 8,031,964 30,139,347 1,983,415 5,153,976 9,116,893 13,885,063 1914 1909 100.0 8.7 32.4 19.1 18.6 21.1 100.0 1.8 10.8 27.3 45.0 15.1 100.0 0.5 4.9 25.9 68.8 100. m 1.0 10.3 63.0 25.6 100.0 2.2 18.6 41.2 19.9 18.1 100.0 0.7 2.7 10.9 46.8 100.0 0.2 1.8 19.2 57.7 21.1 100.0 0.2 1.2 38.9 59.7 100.0 23.4 100.0 6.7 20.1 32.0 41.2 2.0 20.5 43.9 21.4 12.2 100.0 0.6 2.7 11.5 51.4 33.8 100.0 0.2 2.4 20.7 76.7 100.0 0.5 1.5 46.0 52.0 100.0 2,238,276 6,110,854 11,449,141 19,749,677 17,950,497 38,143,073 20,291 224,793 2,965,935 18,095,214 16,836,840 47,831,430 100.0 2,192,369 6,128,908 10,438,229 19,080,054 9,991,870 26,895,731 1,500 174,328 3,049,315 15,191,962 8,478,626 > Includes the group " 1,000,000 and over. " DlQ ltiZQ€ltmy^MtGfC^@ft® ' Includes the group "less than $5,000. 0.3 7.1 69.7 22.9 100.0 17.1 30.2 46.1 100.0 3.9 10.6 19.9 34.3 31.2 100.0 0.1 0.6 7.8 47.4 44.1 4.6 12.8 21. S 39.9 20.9 100.0 0) 6 11.3 56.5 31.6 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1301 Table 23— Continued. INDUSTEY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT, SLAUGHTEEDfG PACKDJO AND MEAT Less than $5,000 J5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... Tobacco manutactubes.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . WOOEEN, WORSTED, AND FELT GOODS, AND "WOOL HATS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over... NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. 1914 12 24 57 67 16 2,194 1,457 421 205 107 4 203 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 100.0 10 30 60 68 12 2,432 1,650 471 212 96 3 217 14 16 60 109 18 1911 1909 100.0 7.2 14.5 34.3 34.3 100.0 66.4 19.2 9.3 4.9 0.2 100.0 10.8 7.9 8.9 16.7 33.3 37.8 6.7 100.0 67.8 19.4 8.7 3.9 0.1 100.0 6.5 7.4 27.6 50.2 8.3 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 3,687 11 35 205 1,086 2,350 37,370 1,223 3,U6 6,911 22,690 3,430 24,461 42 145 1,617 11,637 11, 120 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 3,050 S3 240 1,190 1,559 33,188 1,611 3,753 7,122 18,930 1,872 27,409 19 188 2,092 13, 172 11,938 1914 1909 100.0 0.3 0.9 5.6 29.5 63.7 100.0 3.3 8.3 18.5 60.7 9.2 100.0 0.2 0.6 8,6 47,2 45,5 100.0 0.3 1.7 7,9 39.0 61.1 100.0 4.6 11.3 21.5 57.0 5.6 100.0 0,1 0.7 7.6 48.1 43.6 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1914 $65,981,384 33, 694 266,032 2,884,181 18,032,449 44,765,028 54,213,048 2,486,035 4,204,899 9,280,366 33,030 317 6,211,431 64,408,670' 46,739 165,466 2,981,957 31,647,445 29,577,063 Per cent dis- tribution. 1909 $51,850,936 27,407 374, 709 2,996,666 20,962,480 27,489,674 50,161,387 2,846,418 4,629,579 9,081,905 28,879,969 4,923,526 77,446,996 26,604 187,268 3,323,855 36,911,874 36,997,395 1914 1909 100.0 0.1 0.4 4.4 27.3 67.8 lOO.O 4.6 7.8 17.1 60.9 100.0 0.1 0.2 4.6 49.1 ,45.9 100.0 100.0 5,7 9,2 18.1 57,2 9.8 100.0 (') 0.2 4.3 47.7 47.8 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $7,707,544 12,713 73,106 524, 104 2,365,280 4,732,741 30,068,796 1,539,493 2,548,469 5,362,164 17,321,926 3,286,754 19,927,012 1909 $7,005,889 12,777 77,318 463,074 3,144,826 3,317,894 29,447,964 1,827,835 2,935,571 6,260,243 18,277,457 3,146,858 22,812,911 11,964 121,387 1,468,391 11,867,947 Percent dis- tribution. 1914 1909 100.0 o^i 0,9 6.8 30.7 61.4 100.0 6.1 8.5 17.8 57.6 10.9 100.0 0.1 0.6 5.9 63.2 40.2 100.0 0.2 1.1 6.5 44.9 47.4 100.0 6.2 10.0 17.9 55.3 10.7 100.0 0.1 0.5 6.4 52.0 41.0 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 24 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, for which figures can be shown separately, statistics similar to those given in Table 22 for the state as a vrhole. Table 24 i Si •sS ll WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF products. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTXIRE. CITY AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent b£ total. Amount. Per cent of totaJ. Amount. Per cent of total. 297 13,685 100.0 $33,918,299 100.0 $13,213,507 100. Less than S5,000 83 91 66 50 7 70 97 501 1,644 7,595 3,848 10, 732 0.7 3.7 12.0 65.5 28.1 100.0 201,864 901,660 8,200,072 14,647,744 14,968,969 22,592,676 0.6 2.7 9.4 43.2 44.1 100.0 123,-271 486,912 1,569,489 6,669,767 4,366,088 8,839,299 - 0.9 S5 nno to 320 000 3.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Altoona 11.9 50.5 33.0 100.0 Less than $5 000 22 22 16 10 59 22 97 330 10,283 2,639 0.2 0.9 3.1 95,8 100.0 55,269 228,446 723,211 21,585,751 7,963,420 0.2 1.0 3.2 95.6 100.0 31,728 111,631 385,368 8,310,672 3,741,668 0.4 1.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over > Beaver Falls 4.4 94.0 100.0 Less than 85 000 14 21 12 12 40 10 84 263 2,282 1,496 0.4 3.2 10.0 88.6 100.0 31,641 230,402 616,861 7,184,616 3,786,568 0.4 2.9 6.5 90.2 100,0 18,133 132,188 299,924 3,291,443 1,524,963 0.5 $6 000 to $20,000 3.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' 8.0 88,0 100,0 Less than S5 000 14 10 7 9 39 16 66 244 1,170 1,140 1.1 4.4 16.3 78.2 100.0 32,974 118,422 430,234 3,204,938 4,021,540 0,9 3.1 11.4 84.8 100.0 21,197 62,364 235,774 1,206,628 1,370,125 1.4 $5 000 to $20,000 4,1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Braddock 15,5 79.1 100.0 Less than $5 000 6 17 12 4 71 6 86 213 865 1,178 0,6 5,8 18.7 75.0 100.0 17,160 188,640 851,380 3,164,360 4,034,401 0.4 4.7 16.2 78.7 100.0 11,880 111,729 297,627 948,889 1,417,328 0.9 $5 000 to $20,000 8.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i 21.7 69.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 20 21 24 6 32 13 61 541 663 1,809 1.1 5.2 45,9 47,8 100.0 46,333 202,256 1,178,206 2,607,606 5,037,120 1,1 5.0 29.2 64.6 100.0 24,063 101,999 630,641 660,725 900,218 1.7 $5,000 to $20,000 7.2 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over 1 Bristol '.... 44.5 46.6 100 Less than $5,000 10 9 11 31 78 1,689 0.6 1.7 4.3 93.4 28,370 81053 240,635 4,687,069 0.8 . .1,6 m 15,166 1 7 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 7 6 m 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 24— Continued. city and value of product. Butler. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over '. Caebondale.. Less than $5,000 , $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., Carlisle , Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.-.. $100,000 to $1,000,000. Carnegie Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Ceambebsburg. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Charleroi Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 and over i. Chester lyess than $5,000 , $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., $1,000,000 and over. . . COLUMBU , Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000., CONNELLSVILLE.. Less than $5,000. i,000 to $20,00(1 60 59 10 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber. 104 178 2,993 1,897 63 176 1,621 14 129 297 1,163 337 6 26 85 222 1,850 17 158 136 1,339 1,904 20 21 66 1,797 6,296 52 217 611 3,907 1, 2,141 33 lis 326 1,664 1,087 104 293 687 Per cent of total. 100,0 0.8 3.1 6.4 90,8 100.0 2.0 3.3 9.2 85.5 100.0 0.9 8.0 18.6 72.6 100.0 1.0 9.6 8.2 81.2 100.0 1.1 1.1 3.5 94.4 100.0 0.8 3,4 9.7 62.1 24.0 100.0 1.6 5.5 15.2 77.7 100.0 0,3 27.0 63.2 -VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $15,006,393 60,159 286,642 499,604 14,179,988 3,170,410 49,646 164,063 464,303 2,492,398 3,414,959 34,526 180,317 468,278 2,731,839 1,724,111 28,421 292,098 311,304 2, 443, 471 2,909,338 35,044 93,141 260,325 2,530,828 21,021,170 104,683 439,645 1,340,481 11,372,172 7,764,389 3,340,702 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.4 1.8 3.3 94.6 100.0 1 5.2 14.6 78,8 100.0 1.0 5.3 13.7 80.0 100.0 VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. Amount. $4,001,328 43,347 .158,806 244, 471 3,656,702 1,639,575 0.6 3.4 17.2 78,9 100.0 0.9 9.6 10.1 79.5 100.0 1.2 3.2 87,0 100.0 0.5 2.1 6.4 54.1 ■36.9 100.0 48,849 217,340 503, 964 2,670,549 1,993,557 20,600 243,813 680,052 1,049,092 1.5 6.5 16.1 76.9 lOO.O 1.0 12.2 34.1 62.6 30,728 89,626 166, 768 1,353,455 1,342,010 17,316 109,603 248,982 966,109 822, 076 1,! 32,434 144,521 643,297 1,528,770 16, 061 164, 197 153,905 1,194,607 1,637,365 Per cent of total. 100.0 1.1 3.9 6.1 100.0 1.9 5.5 10.1 82.5 100.0 1.3 8.2 18.5 72,0 100.0 0.2 3.9 17.6 78.3 100.0 1.1 10.7 10.1 78.1 100.0 21,086 42, 867 105, 611 1,467,801 7,920,287 67,524 256,325 669,894 4,444,115 2,483,429 1,485,962 29,954 107, 652 246,218 1,102,138 1,204,144 10,972 160,725 358, 638 683,809 1.3 2.6 6.5 89.6 100.0 0.9 3.2 8.5 56.1 31.4 100.0 2.0 7.2 16.6 74.2 100.0 0.9 12.5 29.8 56.8 1 Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over." 1302 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 34— Continued. i WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALtTE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total." 34 1,105 100.0 $2,394,534 100.0 $1,149,491 100.0 Less than S5,000 7 12 10 5 24 8 9 4 3 118 10 68 128 899 948 7 57 140 744 4,062 0.9 6.2 11.6 81.4 100.0 21,345 140, 116 363,691 1,869,483 1,268,939 0.9 6.9 15.2 78.1 100.0 12,666 80,849 159,390 896,586 791,973 LI $5,000 to S20,000 7.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 13.9 78.0 100.0 Less than $6,000. . . 0.7 6.0 14.8 78.5 100.0 23,697 109,793 162,790 972,669 10,357,227 1.9 8.7 12.8 76.6 100.0 16,155 69,478 109,709 596,631 5,685,846 2.0 $5,000 to $20,000 8.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 13.9 75.3 100.0 35 39 28 16 363 36 185 503 3,338 11,016 0.9 4.6 12.4 82.2 100.0 86,044 403,775 1,103,967 8,763,441 29,447,084 0.8 3.9 10.7 84.6 100.0 59,294 190,267 596,754 . 4,839,531 13,351,911 1.0 $5,000 to 320,000 3.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' Brie 10.5 85.1 100.0 Less than $6,000 113 102 88 56 6 46 138 485 1,804 6,764 2,825 1,479 1.3 4.4 16.4 62.3 25.6 100.0 280,819 1,084,610 3,987,210 16,625,776 7,568,769 ■ 10,608,017 1.0 3.7 13.6 56.1 25.7 100.0 174,956 675,908 1,902,340 7,499,975 3,198,733 4,999,448 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 4.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over ■rR.AWTCT.rNr 14.2 56.2 24.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 6 11 18 10 34 6 30 289 1,164 710 0.4 2.0 19.5 78.0 100.0 14,664 100,116 731,697 9,761,640 2,227,620 0.1 0.9 6.9 92.0 100.0 8,820 49,238 299,064 4,642,326 798,361 on $5,000 to $20,000 1.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Greater Pdnxsu-. 6.0 92.9 ' 100.0 Less than $5,000 8 12 6 8 53 12 24 17 219 11 51 121 627 494 1.5 7.2 17.0 74.2 100.0 25,266 116,544 295,453 1,790,357 1,382,472 1.1 6.2 13.3 80.4 100.0 16,333 63,303 148,974 569,751 846,870 2.0 $5,000 to $20,000.... 7.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Gkeensburg 18.7 71.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 10 76 408 7,966 2.0 15.4 82.6 100.0 26,606 210,139 1,145,727 18,872,156 L9 15.2 82.9 100.0 19,126 129,660 698,085 8,266,998 2.3 $5,000 to $20,000 15.3 $20,000 to $1,000,000 2 HARRISBiniG 82.4 100.0 Less than $5,000. 76 68 43 29 4 76 67 333 886 4,351 2,329 2,744 0.8 4.2 ILl 64.6 29.2 100.0 193,164 728,149 1,921,733 8,560,602 7,478,518 6,593,761 1.0 3.9 10.2 45.3 39.6 100.0 109,384 ■ 401,044 788,472 4,405,006 2,563,092 2,323,026 1.3 $5,000 to $20,000 4.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 9.5 53.3 31.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 24 27 14 11 30 IB 144 310 2,272 260 0.7 6.2 11.3 82.8 100.0 57,420 280,373 567,247 4,688,721 1,019,118 LO 5.0 10.1 83.8 100.0 31,015 147,329 325,871 1,818,811 559,991 L3 $5,000 to $20,000 6.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Homestead. . . 14.0 78.3 100.0 Less than $5,000... . 7 11 8 4 136 6 37 107 111 12,177 1.9 14.2 41.2 42.7 100.0 24,643 109,861 267,039 617,676 50,973,960 2.4 10.8 26.2 60.6 100.0 16,852 59,680 138,854 344,605 16,532,653 3.0 $5,000 to $20,000 10.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 24.8 61.5 100.0 34 52 32 18 304 39 248 769 11,121 8,862 0.3 2.0 6.3 91.3 100.0 83,866 613,970 1,770,184 48,505,940 20,011,393 0.2 1.2 3.5 95.1 100.0 54,926 338,105 827,657 15,311,966 8,872,820 0.3 $5,000 to $20,000 2.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and overi 5.0 92.6 100.0 111 101 57 30 5 25 117 597 1,332 3,887 2,929 670 1.3 6.7 15.0 43.9 33.1 100.0 258,638 1,008,252 2,703,707 8,056,674 7,984,122 2,213,234 1.3 5.0 13.6 40.3 39.9 100.0 162,388 590,326 1,390,323 3,963,880 2,765,803 1,287,631 L8 $5,000 to $20,000 ... 6.6 $20,000 to $100,000 8100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 15.7 44.7 31.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 9 6 6 4 97 26 27 26 18 9 33 64 464 5,270 1.6 5.8 11.2 81.4 100.0 24,522 64,578 169,430 1,954,704 9,871,443 1.1 2.9 7.7 88.3 100.0 15,447 37,084 77,261 1,157,839 4,762,047 1.2 $5,000 to $20,000 2.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Lebanon 6.0 89.9 100.0 Less than 85,000 28 135 694 4,413 0.5 2.6 13.2 83.7 71,826 267,301 1,223,236 8,309,080 0.7 2.7 12.4 84.2 49,670! 1.0 156,984! 3.3 643,939 13.5 3,911,454! 82.1 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Table 24^-Continued. Is n WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE^DDED BY MANlJPACTtniE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. McEeespoet 73 6,857 100.0 $33,743,329 100.0 $12,826,294 100.0 l^ess than $5,000 21 28 12 12 39 37 120 177 6,523 3,548 0.6 L8 2.6' 95.1! 100.0 63,539 324, 712 594,581 32,760,497 7,894,165 0.2 LO 1.8 97.1 100.0 45,669 162,258 354, 264 12,264,103 3,938,825 0.4 $6,000 to $20,000 L3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 McKees Rocks 2.8 95.6 100.0 Less than 85,000 11 12 5 8 3 33 15 53 127 1,243 2,110 661 0.4 1.5 3.6 36.0 69.5 100.0 31,630 126,395 278,797 2,345,099 5,112,244 1,057,349 0.4 1.6 3.6 29.7 64.8 100.0 17,599 76,534 146,461 1,134,883 2,563,348 644,613 0.4 $5,000 to $20,000 L9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over IWarawoy r.iTv 3.7 28.8 65.1 100.0 Less than 85,000 10 15 8 57 16 107 539 1,676 2.3 16.2 81.5 100.0 23,207 151,488 882,654 6,057,962 2.2 14.3 83.6 100.0 14,461 91,245 538,907 3,192,349 2.2 $5,000 to 820,000 14.2 $20,000 to 81,000,000 2 Mf.advtt.t.hi 83.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 20 12 17 8 30 27 48 253 1,348 978 L6 2.9 15.1 80.4 100.0 55,066 110,381 726,871 4,166,664 1,279,906 LI 2.2 14.4 82.3 100.0 26,226 53,081 343,907 2,769,135 570,664 0.8 86,000 to $20,000 L7 820,000 to $100,000 8100,000 and over 1 MoTJNT Carmel 10.8 86.7 100.0 9 12 5 4 35 5 40 307 626 747 0.5 4.1 31.4 64.0 100.0 15,832 111,232 275,031 877,811 995,335 L2 8.7 2L5 68.6 100.0 9,031 61,305 190,264 310,064 578,235 1.6 $5,000 to 820,000 10.7 820,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000 33.3 54.3 100.0 TrfV^C! than $."^,000 17 12 6 95 29 28 20 11 7 105 14 70 663 6,381 1.9 9.4 88.7 100.0 45,637 131,396 818,302 38,384,877 4.6 13.2 82.2 100.0 27,522 56,838 493,875 8,838,207 4.8 $5,000 to 820,000 9.8 820,000 to 81,000,000 2 New Castle 86.4 100.0 32 111 426 1,446 4,367 .3,959 0.5 L7 6.7 22.7 68.4 100.0 68,761 300,350 885,486 3,883,266 33,247,026 8,421,430 0.2 0.8 2.3 10.1 86.6 100.0 40,265 137,804 462,909 1,456,437 6,740,792 3,997,847 0.4 $5,000 to $20,000 L6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Norristown 5.2 16.5 76.3 100.0 Less than 85,0gO 30 27 25 23 36 32 110 630 3,187 2,276 0.8 2.8 16.9 80.6 100.0 69,129 278,591 1,219,787 6,853,923 4,871,981 0.8 3.3 14.5 81.4 1 100.0 41,941 140,727 590,074 3,225,105 2,830,749 LO $6,000 to $20,000 3.5 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000 14.8 80.7 100.0 7 16 7 6 8,454 ' 8 74 77 2,117 251,286 0.4 3.3 3.4 93.0 100.0 34,148 173,591 296,792 4,367,450 784,499,633 0.7 3.6 6.1 89.6 100.0 27,958 79,515 147,790 2,575,486 333,302,442 1.0 85,000 to 820,000 2.8 820,000 to 8100,000 8100,000 and over 1 Philadelphia 5.2 9L0 100.0 2,652 2,553 1,958 1,169 122 34 2,880 12,716 39,475 114,534 81,681 2,92' 1.1 5.1 15.7 45.6 32.5 100.0 6,397,098 25,807,410 92,161,374 326,794,848 333,338,903 6,238,757 0.8 3.3 11.7 41.7 42.5 100.0 4,128,614 15,324,387 47,165,389 146,247,261 120,446,801 2,450,033 1.2 85 000 to $20,000 4.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to 81,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Phoenixville 14.1 43.9 36.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 9 12 6 7 l,74l 9 28 6C 2,83C 69,62C 0.3 1.0 2.0 96.7 100.0 15,971 114,853 219,021 5,888,912 246,694,018 0.3 1.8 3.5 94,4 100.0 7,381 53,868 91,880 2,296,914 96,778,616 0.3 85,000 to 820,000 2.2 820,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 and over i 3.8 93.8 100.0 487 547 431 226 61 39 624 2,32i 7,34. 22,75: 36,67C 72< 0.8 3.3 10.6 32.7 52.7 100.0 1,227,207 5,710,266 19,472,026 72,402,594 147,881,926 1,899,812 0.5 2.3 7.9 29.3 59.9 100.0 804,498 3,598,074 10,400,088 32,379,588 49,596,368 1,113,24- 0.8 $6 000 to $20,000 . 3.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 81,000,000 and over PiTTSTON 10.7 33.5 5L2 100.0 Less than 85,000 11 14 9 5 17 i: 6i 15 49! 47f ! 1.6 ! 8.5 ! 21.5 ! 68.3 100.0 32,32£ 137, 83C 468,625 1,261,031 831,438 1.7 7.3 24.7 66.4 100.0 20,681 62,542 182,73! 847, 28e 390,35' 1.9 $5,000 to $20,000 5.6 $20,000 to $100,000 8100,000 to 81,000,000 16.4 76.1 100.0 Less than 86,000 6 3 8 i U 45E 1.9 2.1 96.0 18,804 35,205 777,430 2.3 4.2 93.5 12,75, 17,83C 3.3 $5,000 to 820,000 4 6 $20,000 to $1,000,000 2 359,772' 92.1 1 Includes the group "81,000,000 and over 2 Includes the group "$100,000 to $y)M,^, n§itized by MicrosoftW 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." " " icludes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1303 Table 24— Continued. i. •si WAGE E.4ENEE3. V.ALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. atr AND VALTTE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total-. Amount. Per cent of total. POTTSTOWN. 77 2,622 100.0 $8,865,860 100.0 $2,666,976 100.0 Less than $5,000. 20 24 22 8 3 115 14 122 672 953 961 3,606 0.5 4.7 21.8 36.3 36.7 100.0 37,302 263,602 1,108,926 2,260,803 5,196,227 10,195,800 0.4 3.0 12.5 25.5 58.6 100.0 22,625 146,239 574,426 864,014 1,059,072 3,084,432 9 85,000 to $20,000 6.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 21.5 32.4 39.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 42 37 26 7 3 486 36 231 519 1,395 1,325 24,131 1.0 6.6 14.8 39.8 37.8 100.0 93,859 397,331 1,057,667 2,704,861 5,942,082 53,231,926 0.9 3.9 10.4 26.5 58.3 100.0 57,656 221,939 450,896 1,308,216 1,045,727 21,845,790 1.9 $5,000 to $20,000 7.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 14.6 42.4 33.9 100.0 Less than $5,000 146 129 124 75 12 308 185 668 3,921 9,958 9,399 12,559 0.8 2.8 16.2 41.3 38.9 100.0 339,844 1,297,534 6,2.14,925 20,065,230 26,274,393 28,721,829 0.6 2.4 11.8 37.7 47.5 100.0 203,033 674,902 3,001,613 10,079,373 7,886,969 12,922,423 0.9 $5,000 to $20,000 3.1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over SCEANTON.. - - 13.7 46.1 36.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 83 98 67 55 5 51 98 472 1,671 6,646 3,673 2,634 0.8 3.8 13.3 52.9 29.2 100.0 217, 798 987,032 2,978,771 15,722,032 8,836,196 5,541,617 0.8 3.4 10.4 54.7 30.8 100,0 147,490 581, 274 1,524,087 7,063,462 3,006,110 1,985,771 1.1 $5,000 to $20,000 4.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 11.8 59.3 23.3 100.0 18 16 13 6 48 16 78 272 2,269 2,298 0.6 3.0 10.3 86.1 100.0 48,985 160,929 . 541,287 4,790,416 6,372,998 0.9 2.9 9.8 86.4 100.0 28,805 98,953 219,637 1,638,376 2,821,849 1.5 $5,000 to $20,000 5.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Sharon 11.1 82.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 13 18 11 6 46 12 58 228 2,000 475 0.5 2.5 9.9 87.0 100.0 33,597 166,301 446,262 5,727,838 1,673,464 0.5 2.6 7.0 89.9 100.0 21,442 91,984 243,782 2,464,641 661,148 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000 3.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Shenandoah 8.6 87.3 100.0 20 15 8 3 43 30 60 261 124 10,892 6.3 12.6 54.9 26.1 100.0 65,840 128,151 328,700 1,060,773 40,179,381 3.5 8.1 20.9 67.4 100.0 36,348 67,694 132,474 426,632 17,658,625 5.3 $5,000 to S20,0OO 10.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 South Bethlehem. 20.0 64.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 17 10 6 10 44 10 49 151 10,682 1,718 0.1 0.4 1.4 98.1 100.0 43,121 97,637 251,974 39,786,649 5,116,641 0.1 0.2 0.6 99.0 100.0 24,863 65,186 124,700 17,353,776 2,333,812 0.1 $5,000 to $20,000 0.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 SUNBURT 0.7 98.8 100-0 Less than $5,000 21 1 46 22 77 61 1,568 974 1.3 4.6 3.6 90.7 100.0 40,679 166, 727 242,473 4,675,862 1,686,748 0.8 3.1 4.7 91.4 100.0 20,681 88,813 120,642 2,103,676 652,273 0.9 $6,000 to $20,000 3.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over' Tamaqua . 5.2 90.1 100.0 Less than $5,000 23 13 6 6 6 6 43 21 m 144 743 333 333 776 2.2 6.8 14.8 76.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 57.789 127,069 213,724 1,288,166 244,941 244,941 2,237,177 3.4 7.6 12.7 76.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 35,613 69,607 108,877 438, 276 161,083 161,083 1,466,460 6.4 $6,000 to $20,000 10.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Taylor 16.7 67.2 100. $5,000 to $100,000 2 TJniontown 100.0 100.0 11 13 11 8 72 17 63 189 617 1,876 2.2 6.8 24.4 66.6 100.0 34,648 141,366 447,981 1,613,182 8,611,207 1.5 6.3 20.0 72.1 100.0 22,768 80,703 287,638 1,074,351 2,850,501 1.6 $5,000 to $20,000. . 6.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Warren 19.6 73.3 100.0 Less than $5,000 19 17 18 18 19 73 371 1,413 1.0 3.9 19.8 76.3 , 49,951 187,987 833,372 7,539,897 0.6 2.2 9.7 87.6 30,633 107,230 • 467, 147 2,255,491 1.1 $6,000 to $20,000 3.8 120,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 16.0 79.1 Table 24^Continued. i. ■WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent ol total. Amount. Per cent of total. WASHINGTON 64 2,002 100.0 $6,093,672 100.0 $2,249,821 100.0 Less than $6,000 23 17 17 7 55 19 49 352 1,582 894 0.9 2.4 17.6 79.0 100.0 65,407 149,064 896,485 3,982,716 2,084,605 1.3 2.9 17.6 78.2 100.0 37,412 73,427 462, 131 1,676,861 1,311,730 1.7 $5,000 to $20,000 3.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i West Chester 20.6 74.5 100.0 Less than $5,000 23 16 12 4 188 20 101 150 623 8,107 2.2 11.3 16.8 69.7 100.0 57,240 172,447 483,733 1,371,085 16,733,954 2.7 8.3 23.2 65.8 100.0 37,962 109,481 275,300 888,987 8,719,842 2.9 $5,000 to $20,000. . 8.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Wilkes-Barre 21.0 67.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 46 76 41 20 6 29 57 358 808 3,259 3,625 194 0.7 4.4 10.0 40.2 44.7 100.0 124,314 759, 704 1,773,472 5,924,470 8,161,994 572, 207 0.7 4.6 10.6 35.4 48.7 100.0 83,184 439,499 845, 262 3,081,956 4,269,941 309,842 1.0 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over WiLKINSBURG 6.0 9.7 35.3 49.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 8 12 9 176 9 52 133 6,015 4.6 26.8 68.6 100.0 24,168 132, 296 415,743 15,863,699 4.2 23.1 72.7 100.0 15,693 77, 894 216,256 7,238,928 6.1 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 WiLUAMSPORT 25.1 69.8 100.0 Less than $6,000 43 63 34 36 247 38 304 790 4,883 10,851 0.6 5.1 13.1 81.2 100.0 86, 780 574,588 1,711,461 13,490,880 22,043,328 0.5 3.6 10.8 85.0 100.0 52,298 287,361 762, 297 6,136,972 10,881,936 0.7 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i York 4.0 10.5 84.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 72 70 60 41 4 127 87 474 1,564 6,718 3,008 22,848 0.8 4.4 14.4 52.7 27.7 100.0 ■ 163,786 736,889 2, 611, 901 11,960,864 6,669,888 106,791,678 0.7 3.3 11.8 64.3 29.8 100.0 96,270 391,483 1,421,571 6,624,458 3,348,153 28,713,033 0.9 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over All other cities 2 . . 3.6 13.1 51.7 30.8 100.0 Less than 85,000. 31 39 27 9 21 23 131 700 1,600 20,394 0.1 0.6 3.1 7.0 89.3 ) 74,953 412,679 1,187,368 2, 619, 730 101,496,948 0.1 0.4 1.1 2.5 95.9 44, 168 192,983 624,389 1,196,988 26,664,505 0.2 $5,000 to $20,000. . 0.7 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 2.2 4.2 92.8 1 Includes the group "8100,000 and over." 2 Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000." 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 2 All other cities embrace: Coatesville, Dickson City, Duquesne, Farrell (for- merly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddocli, Old Forge, and Steelton. In the cities, as throughout the state, estabhsh- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over reported the largest number of wage earners as well as the greatest value of products and thegreatest value added by manufacture. The largest proportion of the total value of products contributed by estabhsh- ments in this class, 99 per cent, was reported by South Bethlehem, and the smallest, 52.6 per cent, by ConneUsville. In the two principal manufacturing cities of the state, Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, the bulk of manufacturing was 'done in estabhshments of this class, the per cent of the total products shown for this group being 84.2 and 89.2, re.gpectively. Table 25 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 45 of the more impor- tant industries and for the 71 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 26 presents for 1914 percentages based on the figures in Table 25 and for 1909 similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual industries. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1304 . MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Tablets INDUSTET AND an. All industries Automobiles, includiog bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies... Cement Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Coke, not including ga£-house coke. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified . . Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refWgerators. Glass Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel, wrought pipe Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods, not else- where specified- . .•. Paper and wood pulp Petroleum, refining ; . . . Printing and publishing Eubber goods, not elsewhere specified Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing Silk goods^ including throwsters Slaughtermg and meat packing Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves Tobacco manufactures Woolen, worsted, and felt goods and wool hats All other industries Total for cities Allentown Altoona Beavhr Falls Bethlehem Bkaddock Beadpoed Bristol Butlek Caebond ale Carlisle Carnegie Chambersburg Charleeoi '..'.['.[ Chester Columbia Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). 27,521 146 133 2,987 377 S4 63 687 163 12 26 281 431 155 101 150 105 1,887 324 103 27 52 . 178 12 120 265 215 2,348 602 114 53 48 2,538 19 33 284 166 77 2,194 203 7,851 15, 760 297 70 59 40 39 71 32 29 163 61 924,478 13,414 5,140 15,157 18,976 3,096 9,569 6,370 54,729 9,955 7,910 4,748 21, 126 17,217 9,871 6,465 6,818 14,640 3,504 6,389 14,866 91,820 12,088 23,606 6,714 41,130 11,518 131,955 3,990 11,988 3,128 7,512 21,297 7,166 3,585 7,447 4,902 3,172 4,773 44,755 3,687 4,111 37,370 24,461 132,351 578, 387 13, 685 10, 732 2,639 1,496 1,140 1,178 1,809 3,303 1,897 1,603 337 1,660 1,904 6,296 2,141 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No earn- ers. 3,825 3 2 "476" 32 17 13 2,078 43 35 2 415 11 2 122 25 169 90 3 774 1,184 2,079 lto5 wage earners. ai 12,610 1 11 188 72 134 246 28 10 181 12 1,408 344 23 1,141 17 876 21 4,228 6,641 112 35 26 14 20 25 14 36 23 17 7 27 13 69 24 28,815 93 37 47 4,404 129 98 6 1,056 32 4 30 473 320 638 28 1,654 232 22 103 5 19 300 41 3,376 753 61 22 24 2,942 9 45 26 195 46 9,133 15,996 316 94 68 26 66 49 29 90 52 35 28 75 32 169 73 6 to 20 wage earners. ai 5,252 27 42 352 106 25 12 136 26 10 217 178 25 53 106 32 20 58 33 465 81 3 6 112 577 75 53 12 14 488 17 279 34 1,372 3,401 16 59,548 304 345 539 3,434 258 163 338 146 2,686 2,309 320 568 1,162 377 246 778 403 6,330 916 51 81 1,527 36 15 255 268 973 6,222 874 616 161 ' 206 5,041 42 94 314 376 191 3,081 475 15,352 38,919 680 150 76 124 190 42 150 96 94 66 168 66 337 160 21 to 50 wg,ge earners. S3 « 2,643 86,047 30 46 49 115 12 15 24 5 152 125 29 15 256 59 6 2 136 6 14 12 103 127 56 17 8 17 152 15 116 37 594 1,719 183 1,093 1,611 1,678 3,855 700 28 168 734 981 623 1,317 437 8,166 1,839 261 67 4,621 250 318 142 515 3,258 3,803 1,893 299 561 4,717 179 126 2,340 703 555 3,672 1,357 19,030 65,883 1,329 369 264 144 132 314 60 172 77 250 39 58- 30 527 116 51 to 100 wage earners. ■Ms 1,385 24 11 133 47 24 105 7 44 34 238 98,420 336 2,532 1,637 1,053 4,066 316 723 977 118 496 4,204 3,677 1,470 910 800 1,852 604 968 877 9,403 3,328 1,844 7,791 577 1,371 70 2,901 129 1,366 2,735 1,665 935 646 236 3,678 244 5,626 449 764 4,343 2,480 16,663 57,200 1,187 113 263 144 56 138 134 112 324 53 68 990 324 101 to 250 wage M S 1,117 154 21 36 46 156 667 18 as o a 175,040 718 3,996 1,147 1,875 2,637 949 4,463 326 2,428 125 4,144 6,430 2,418 1,886 1,741 3,889 764 991 1,28] 24,500 3,368 6,908 3,917 6,104 246 3,128 387 1,613 3,644 1,718 748 1,672 491 5,889 128 213 10,703 1,546 1,997 8,340 7,404 23,337 105, 116 2,885 639 370 281 626 121 428 245 563 162 926 448 1,919 702 251 to 500 wage earners. 263 SS ■59 144,155 1,449 2,575 259 731 7,561 1,240 2,632 279 2,802 1,623 2,153 2,047 934 3,377 630 842 1,354 15,544 1,291 9,700 264 9,190 1,470 16,209 1,060 3,050 1,059 261 279 263 1,941 1,001 1,981 12, 139 418 548 9,171 4,450 16,695 92,382 3,981 ""742 662 627 337 365 8 1,660 2 776 501 to 1,000 wage earners. 174 23 124 Si ^1 Ss Pel 119,059 1,982 1,294 1,2 8,705 531 1,087 1,259 2,048 672 2,429 669 1,417 988 13,157 2,357 621 5,773 4,000 26,509 1,022 601 1,238 642 1,378 2,120 4,842 6,870 85,194 2,146 774 597 635 777 513 Over 1,000 - wage earners. 102 213,394 1,656 3,012 1,090 31,140 7,737 1,641 2,256 2,633 1,063 9,443 14,066 1,114 3,486 4,905 3,256 1,263 81,429 2,464 1,428 2,383 2,661 4,051 8,765 68 2,164 17,291 127,697 1,161 9,242 1,816 703 1,329 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1305 Table 25— Continued. INDUSTRY AND OTT. Estab- lish- ments. earners (average number) ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING — No wage earn- ers. lto5 wage earners. si . 6 to 20 wage earners. ■Ms ■9 1=1 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. Is Is m a 101 to 250 - wage earners. e a "m B 251 to 500 wage earners. .a . 501 to 1,000 wage .a as (U sa Over 1,000 wage earners. CONNEIiSVILLE . DUBOLS Dtjnmoke Easton Ekie Fbanklin Gbeater Pxjnxsutawney.. Geeensbubg Harbisbubg Hazleton Homestead.. Johnstown.. Lancasteb.. Lateobe Lebanon MCKeespoet UcEees Rocks.. Mahanoy City.. Meadville Mount Cabmel.. Nanticoke New Castle... Noebistown... Oil City Philadelphia . Phoenixttlle . PiTTSBUEGH Pittsion Plymouth pottstown pottsville . Reading sceanton... Shamokin . . Shaeon Shenandoah .South Bethlehem.. SUNBUBY Tamaqua Tayloe UinONTOWN Waeben Washinoton West Chestee. Wilkes-Baeee. WiLKINSBUEG WILLL\M3P0ET York...: All other cities^.. 42 34 24 118 363 45 34 53 219 76 30 136 304 25 97 73 39 33 57 30 35 95 105 36 8,454 34 1,741 39 17 77 115 486 308 51 46 43 44 46 6 43 72 64 55 188 29 176 247 127 1,087 1,105 948 4,062 11,016 1,479 710 494 7,966 2,744 260 12, 177 8,862 570 5,270 6,857 3,548 661 1,676 978 747 6,381 3,959 2,276 251,286 2,927 69,620 729 478 2,622 3,506 24,131 12, 559 2,634 2,298 475 10,892 1,718 974 776 1,876 2,002 894 8,107 194 6,015 10,851 22,848 14 2 1,201 235 4 1 9 21 56 39 6 5 15 15 13 47 169 22 15 31 16 61 136 11 41 41 18 17 27 11 21 41 41 17 ,517 21 720 19 8 30 46 186 120 22 27 45 47 37 120 438 61 37 ■ 80 211 84 38 158 328 26 105 113 37 49 73 25 46 94 106 42 8,212 53 1,800 42 19 64 117 462 299 43 61 70 35 48 44 3 47 61 48 61 35 201 228 141 20 19 11 1,825 3 416 8 5 16 29 89 66 14 136 60 15 387 892 94 50 161 474 170 79 367 752 47 265 197 65 61 134 41 164 241 117 21,330 46 4,781 99 68 168 353 1,100 759 164 56 64 81 89 90 16 100 186 173 124 494 127 283 571 172 219 109 117 403 1,240 114 272 48 584 179 90 596 906 64 460 170 93 42 128 127 178 181 958 211 244 560 962 442 53 284 973 60 181 333 2,056 740 107 206 1,346 432 858 3,331 518 538 2,101 1,242 1,390 424 1,657 1,343 1,013 2 67 11 425 13 491 968 31,653 172 5 1 10 5,268 176 32 267 339 2,228 1,034 182 218 184 25 51 42 220 286 168 137 578 32 761 1,027 328 1 433 247 200 148 175 -73 139 698 62 31,068 121 4,712 87 70 257 184 3,184 1,631 74 54 94 72 229 155 67 475 115 61 485 428 742 3'3 348 491 618 319 405 2,284 2,437 2,877 7,502 297 1,128 705 642 '554' 2,464 4,758 1,229 201 1,193 636 803 575 397 54,417 273 11,306 326 1,250 1,848 332 38,851 10,767 541 2,353 1,163 1,326 27, no 19 12,298 38,645 1,876 18,688 841 123 4,361 2,742 1,025 908 2,926 1,345 164 103 844 143 114 117 342 547 428 160 877 878 1,482 5,113 3,5,53 804 853 4,758 1,196 1,367 657 484 497 787 831 1,369 321 361 1,493 1,798 1,070 "2,'i52 686 1,511 634 2,524 2,037 1,329 1,022 2,210 1,007 7. 548 2,211 4,969 1,056 14,268 ' All other cities embrace: Coatesville, Dickson City, Duquesne, Farrell (formerly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddock, Old Forge, and Steelton. Of the 27,521 establishments reported in 1914 for aU industries combined, 3,825, or 13.9 per cent, employed no wage earners. These were small estabhshments in which the work was done by proprietors or firm mem- bers. In some cases a few wage earners were em- ployed for short periods, but the number was so small and the term of employment so short that in com- puting the average number, as described in the "Ex- planation of terms, " no wage earners could be shown. The group of estabhshments having more than 1,000 wage earners, although representing only four-tenths of 1 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, gave employment to 23.1 per cent of the total wage earners. The per cent of the total num- ber of wage earners reported by each of the groups in 1914 shows a decrease during the five-year period with the exception of the groups comprising theseemnkvr ing 101 to 250, from 251 to 500, and over 1,000 wage earners, each of which shows a slight increase. In the bakeries, in the manufacture of lime, and of copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, in marble and stone work, as well as in the slaughtering and meat- packing, the carriage and wagon, and the lumber indus- tries, a majority of the estabhshments employed from 1 to 5 wage earners. Of the 578,387 wage earners employed in the cities of 10,000 inhabitants or over, Philadelphia reported 43.4 per cent. The largest number in Philadelphia employed in any one group was reported by estab- lishments employing from 101 to 250 wage earners, whereas in Pittsburgh, the second city in rank as to the number of persons employed, the greatest number in any single group was reported by establishments )00 wage earners each. 1306 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 26 Cen- sus PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTKY. Cen- sus PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVBEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHflENTS EM- PLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEE. year. 1 to 6 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 260 261 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 year. 1 to 5 1.9 2.7 ■■(')■■ 6 to 20 7.6 10.0 0.2 0.3 21 to 60 15.2 21.1 1.1 1.9 51 to 100 27.5 17.5 7.8 8.2 101 to 260 261 to 60O 501 to 1,000 10.0 22.3 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 3.1 3.3 6.4 6.8 9.3 9.9 10.6 11.1 18.9 18.8 15.6 15.4 12.9 13.7 23.1 20.9 Furniture and refrigerators 1914 1909 1914 1909 27.9 30.3 26.0 24.6 10.7 18.3 41.1 32.9 9 2 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 3.0 0.8 9.9 4.2 5.9 8.5 10.9 5.1 23.3 24.1 47.0 37.3 20.1 9.9 Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. 1914 1909 0.3 3.3 2.6 6.8 8.1 9.9 18.9 11.1 29.8 18.8 19.2 15.4 21.1 13.7 20.9 Hats fur-felt 1914 1909 0.3 0.2 1.2 2.0 0.8 2.6 "i.'i 12.9 6.2 3.9 26.9 7.8 73 1 60.9 Bo.xes, fancy and paper 1914 1909 0.9 0.7 10.5 8.9 29.4 32.2 31.8 32.0 22.3 26.2 5.0 Hosiery and knit goods 1914 1909 0.3 0.3 3.7 3.1 11.2 12.4 18.9 17.8 21.6 26.1 22.3 24.3 14.0 12.6 7.9 4.5 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. 1914 1909 29.1 0.5 22.7 3.8 11.1 9.6 6.9 16.0 12.4 30.8 4.8 26.5 13.1 12.9 Iron and steel, blast furnaces. . . 1914 1909 ?1 0.3 0.4 2.2 1.7 5.0 7.8 34.0 27.1 12.8 25.5 34.7 26.9 11.0 10.5 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving 1914 1909 0.7 1.6 7.1 11 4 20.3 25.6 21.4 25.6 36.0 28.4 7.7 7.6 6.8 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, wrought pipe. . - 1914 1909 "o.'i n 1 0.2 3 1.0 1.6 4.6 4.6 12.3 10.9 20.1 61.7 59.9 61.8 73.2 1914 1909 3.2 4.3 8.3 7.4 13.1 9.6 10.2 10.1 11.7 11.2 53.5 47.7 1914 1909 0.2 0.7 3.6 0.6 1.8 3.7 6.2 10.6 26.6 11.1 9.8 Carpets and rugs, other than rag. 1914 1909 0.1 0.1 1.7 2.1 5.1 6.6 7.6 12.6 27.6 15.1 13.3 18.1 13.2 14.8 31.5 30.5 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 0.2 0.4 2.1 2.0 4.3 6.1 24.2 26.4 26.1 22.3 25.4 25.5 8.6 18.3 9.2 Carriages and wagons and mate- rials. 1914 1909 16.6 12.7 21.0 27.2 11.0 13.0 15.3 12.7 14.9 13.1 4.1 3.4 17-' 17.9 Lime . - 1914 1909 9.6 11.9 8.6 9.4 12.3 16.3 4.1 15.0 12.4 18.2 33.9 11.7 19.2 17.5 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam-rail- 1914 1909 1914 1909 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 ■a2 1.5 1.4 0.3 0.7 3.1 2.5 0.9 3.0 8:2 10.4 3.3 6.7 13.8 9.4 12.6 3.7 15.9 24.8 6.3 56.9 51.0 77.7 85.7 1914 1909 1914 1909 0.5 1.0 16.9 14.1 13.0 19.9 29.2 26.9 43.4 38.7 17.9 19.3 18.2 19.7 12.8 12.9 21.6 16.5 17.1 13.6 3.6 4.2 1.3 3.6 Lumber and timber products- .. road companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not includ- ini; operations of railroad com- panies. Cement 5.8 9.6 1914 1909 0.1 1.5 1.1 30.7 24.1 33.3 28.9 13.7 13.6 20.7 31.1 1914 1909 10.5 8.6 12.2 15.6 26.4 27.8 23.2 22.3 24.0 16.6 3.7 3.0 0.4 0.8 7.2 Chemicals 1914 1909 0.6 0.9 3.1 4.3 3.3 11.7 10.4 4.0 ' 2.6 15.6 5.9 26.6 63.5 47.6 Millinery and lace goods 1914 1909 1.7 1.6 17.2 8.4 16.3 20.1 26.1 13.4 20.9 34.6 "6.'4 17.9 15.6 Clothing, men's, including shirts 1914 1909 2.2 2.1 12.7 10.6 22.6 25.8 19.9 17.8 19.6 22.3 13.3 10.9 9.7 5.6 'l.'fl Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 0.3 0.4 2.2 3.0 4.0 6.4 8.7 8.7 21.1 35.7 26.1 27.1 18.6 19.8 19 2 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 1.1 1.2 13.4 10.4 23.7 25.9 20.8 20.6 31.5 32.6 9.4 4.6 1914 1909 0.6 0.4 4.2 6.3 11.4 19.9 4.8 4.0 10.0 19.3 20.4 10.0 48.6 40.1 4.8 Coke, not including gas-house coke. 1914 1909 0.3 0.6 3.2 3.6 9.6 4.0 14.9 11.5 24.8 24.8 21.8 21.5 25.7 34.0 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 10.9 12.4 18.7 20.3 17.5 17.9 13.7 14.0 21.9 22.9 7.4 9.1 "3.3 9.9 Confectionery 1914 1909 4.9 5.3 8.8 11.7 11.4 9.4 14.1 14.0 29.2 46.5 31.7 13.1 Rubber goods. 1914 1909 0.3 1.2 1.3 2.6 5.6 10.9 "6.9 4.0 20.7 21.9 67.7 66.8 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. 1-914 1909 9.4 6.7 16.9 15.2 14.4 -15.0 11.7 9.1 25.5 22.0 13.7 13.2 8.4 18.8 Shipbuilding, including boat building. 1914 1909 0.9 0.7 2.0 2.0 2.6 1.7 5.1 6.6 4.5 10.3 "9." 4 84.9 70.3 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 0.2 0.3 2.6 2.8 11.1 10.8 12.7 10.5 26.6 36.6 23.1 24.0 16.6 9.0 7.3 7.1 Silk goods, including throwsters. 1914 1909 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.9 6.2 4.5 12.6 9.3 23.9 26.6 27.1 28.8 10.8 18.8 19.6 10.9 Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1.9 2.0 7.0 7.1 17.8 16.0 17.2 27.3 21.8 16.8 18.0 17.8 16.2 12.9 ::::: Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 5.3 7.3 10.2 14.5 19.1 19.2 12.2 22.2 41.9 25.1 11.3 11.7 Dyeing and flnishuig textiles . . . 1914 1909 1.3 1.6 12.2 10.4 20.6 16.7 15.0 15.6 15.5 20.3 13.2 20.7 22.2 14.7 Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. 1914 1909 1.4 1.0 4.6 6.9 13.5 6.0 18.6 31.6 48.6 40.8 13.3 14.8 Electrical machinery , apparatus and supplies 1914 1909 0.6 0.5 2.7 2 7 2.9 4 5.9 6 2 8.6 11 7 9.1 6 8 6.6 4 9 63.5 64 2 Tobacco manufactures . 1914 1909 5.1 6 3 8.2 11 5 9.8 11 7 11.6 13 5 22.3 23.1 30.3 27.3 24.5 19.0 18.2 13.0 18.4 11.4 24.9 26.6 3.6 8.8 12.2 Foundry and machine-shop products. 1914 1909 1.8 l.S 5.8 5.3 8.9 9.5 10.2 12.4 26.7 23.5 16.9 17.2 14.3 14.5 15.3 15.8 Woolen , worsted, and felt goods , and wool hats. 1914 1909 0.2 0.1 1.9 1.5 6.6 6.1 10.1 13.1 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Engines and power. — Table 27 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Ths table shows an increase in primary power, amounting to 628,311 horsepower, or 21.5 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The use of rented power, now almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 2.6 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amount of rented power had increased to 5.6 per cent of the total and in 1914 to 10.1 per cent. Digitized by The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishment, although considerable, has not kept pace with that of rented power. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same establishments repre- sented 89.7 per cent of the total electric power in 1904, 83.2 per cent in 1909, but only 77.5 per cent in 1914. The use of' internal-combustion engines increased rapidly during the decade, but not so rapidly as that of rented electric power. The horsepower of such engines, however, represented 6.3 per cent of the total primary power in 1914. During the last five-year period, there was a decrease in the horsepower of water wheels, turbines, and mo- tors, whicjjb. 1914 formed 1.3 per cent of the total mr. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1307 Table 27 NUMBEK OF ENGINES OE MOTOES. HOESEPOWEE. ' POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Trimary power, total . 64,318 44,204 24,355 3,549,868 2,921,647 2,302,398 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 24,790 18,577 4,628 1,585 39,528 39,528 27,213 20,764 4,415 2,034 16,991 16,991 24,365 19,478 2,890 1,987 8 3,191,636 2,922,616 223,695 46,325 368,222 344, 189 14,033 2,757,792 2,549,090 153,508 55,194 163,755 145,621 18,134 2,243,331 2,124,502 68,209 50,620 59,067 35,701 23,366 89.9 82.3 6.3 1.3 10.1 9.7 0.4 94.4 87.3 6.3 1.9 5.6 5.0 0.6 97.4 Steam engines and turbines i 92.3 Internal-combustion engines 3.0 Water wheels, turbines, and motors ... . 2.2 Rented 2.6 Electric 1.6 Otber 1.0 Electric 108,863 39, 528 69,335 69,089 16,991 42,098 1, 529, 151 344, 189 1,184,962 864,785 146,621 719,164 346,797 36,701 311,096 100.0 22.5 77.5 100.0 16.8 83.2 100.0 Rented 19,800 10 3 Generated by establishments reporting 89.7 ■ Figures lor horsepower include lor 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. '• Not reported. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in manu- facturiag processes. Table 28 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for aU industries combined, for certain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined for the cities which can be shown separately. Table 38 INDUSTBT AND CITY. \ All industries. 3,906,024 Automobiles,inclnding bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including cut stocic and findings Boxes, fancy and paper Bread and other balcery products. . Brass, bronze, and copper products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Carpets and rugs, other than rag. . . Carriages and wagons and mate- rials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cars, steam-railroad, notincluding operations of railroad companies. Cement Chemicals Clothing, men's, including shirts. _ Colce, not including gas-house coke" Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts , Cotton goods. Including cotton small wares Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified Dyeing and flnlsMag textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Explosives Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Furniture and reirigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods tee, marmfactured. Iron and steel; blast furnaces.. Iron and steel,- steel works and rolling mills Iron and steel, wrought pipe Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished Lime Liquors, malt Locomotives, not made by rail- road companies Lumber and timber products Uarble and stone work 1,133 12, 439 6,753 91,742 3,896 88,035 1,940 34,411 34,768 319,209 30,915 128,626 61,836 11,067 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 54,141,142 24,568 12, 151 2,040 27, 166 18,936 1,513.382 40,902 48,443 29,641 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 11,996,930 2,026,603 529 666 27,377 12,645 5,748 12,321 10,772 56, 159 7,311 77,869 3,155 20,090 174,282 18,058 87,443 9,166 29,488 70,234 34,. 340 476,646 48,473 836, 191 186,044 1,940,596 338, 040 8,671 30,448,302 17,364 19,199 72,152 37,674 142, 182 122,889 30,336 824,713 65,579 412, 849 521,399 8,901 42,324 365,421 919,391 1,431 19,537 16,220 17, 304 5,247 1 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 462 1,730 10,335,061 188,477 23,153 333,819 52,621 198,167 179,924 319,666 30,682 17,053 22,922 2,913 265,242 2 155,817 1,501 11,157,627 162,924 3,481 111 30,353 1,745 12,9^0 466 93 540 6,234 6,193 62 1,723 9,066 121,599 14,377 , 6,299 ' 12, 731 1,555 27 142 2,823 251 5,199 252 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 110,044,684 14,939 4,574 10,671 1,055,488 108,991 4,545,049 54,465 7,748 100,508 177,750 963,585 48,000 335, 137 26,768 19 87,074 313 287,712 118,674 20 449 2,654 75 1,006,833 12,600 284 180 624 111,869 162,513 12, 511 296, 682 23,097 .433,817 918 5, 196, 668 46, 680 51, 117 20,939,700 18, 657 9,207 107, 230 178,780 63,406,100 74,004 405,411 913 1,363,857 INDITSTET AND CITY. Minerals and earths, ground.. Paper and woodpulp Petroleum, refining Printing and pubMshing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specifie( Silt goods, including throwsters. . Slaughtering and meatpacking. . Tobacco manufactures Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats All other industries Anthrar cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 5,004 27,491 302,994 44,917 1,. 196, 516 33,933 16,241 49,990 904, 230 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 38,819 777, 020 687, 026 14,908 70, 601 62,910 81, 263 8,694 169, 020 1,606,060 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 917 23,696 51 66, 721 Oil, in- clud- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 168 83,561 183 100 523 139,830 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 65,285 543,669 3,484,085 275,761 842 109,856 19, 646 63,334 28,797 4,947,236 Total for cities 2, 474, 867 14, 869, 904 6, 789, 300 1,611,049 35, 274, 963 Allentown Altoona Beavee Falls. Bethlehem Beaddock Beadfoed Beistol ; Butler Carbondale. Caelisle Caeneoie Chambeesbueg. CH-AELEROI Chester Columbia 71,329. 98 2, 220 12, 637| 136, 3,501 10, 037 21, 166 2,100 1,317 32, 982 639 Connellsvicle Dubois DUNMOEE ■ 16, 376 Easton 28,988 Eeie 4,837 Feanklin Geeater Punxsutawney. Geeensbueg Haeeisbueg Hazleton Homestead . Johnstown.. Lancaster.. Latroee Lebanon McEeespoet McKees Rocks. Mahanoy City. . Meadville Mount Caemel. 7 560 22, 260 16,737 765 19, 482 60 4,975 71 9,629 132 2,481 4,917 638 7,438 124,386 194,314 81, 877 2,170 66, 670 23,064 14,916 42,441 788 4,759 11, 692 16, 295 18,390 362, 000 23,397 2.5, 263 21,553 358 17, 137 227,342 30, 800 447, 277 2,911 228, 614 1,635 1,134 7,908 2,813 631 1,383 846 1, 133; 29 1,776 304 1, 2591 280' 5,068 958 1,641 980 632 225 85, 827 3,226 32, 705 16,447 60, 687 1,968 7,397 8,727 541 3,202 1,175 3,671 3,096 5,149 333 2,679 1,171,6761,027,674 44, 779 43,663 586,321 456, 563 136,201 120 24,126 1,001 355 429,055 24,666 5,370 482 109, 147 544, 428 2,567 1,874 720 577,130 2,235 33, 680 1,637 22 7 2,038 10,291 17, 698 13, 551 78 1 27, 720 2,330 3 35, 704 2,612 4,3 1,770 22,080 453 8,121 524 7,535 90 9,326 5,297 29, 354 101,327 3,904 311,440 316, 154 321 1, 277, 866 10 1,427 24,416 954 986,564 12,995 438 14,325 14,244 64 215,004 87,332 50,243 6,692 113, 534 9,691 1,233 34,401 1,561,648 14,837 224,318 34,196 624,856 457,267 234 39,704 242 41 77,254 3,270 1308 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 28— Continued. COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). Gas (1,000 cubic leet). INDTTSTBY AND CUT. COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gaso- line (bar- rels). INDUSTRY AND CITY. An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitu- minous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Gas (1,000 cubic feet). Oil City 12,133 2,218,256 159,281 3,755,834 612 63 76,250 46,673 268,489 25,773 221 85,492 84 2,726 240,865 683 1,384,151 308 829 342,642 3,885 20,679 5,138 485,030 940, 291 138 16,743,335 957 144 1,126 1,964 62,718 9,106 .103 1,099,903 120 South Bethlehem 280,713 26, 189 9,286 2,501 1,500 1,102 647 3,679 123,086 349,557 2,838 738 641,199 58 100 43,330 2,614 274 338 1,207,090 9,681 18,313 14,639 5,053 3,040 110,840 131,698 129,278 21, 148 17 10,300 SUNBUBY 14,683 108 Tamaqua Taylor 11,540 17,915 8,752 5,872 2,854 8,571 86,300 68,092 2,746,562 2,203 543 706 659 2,527 55 6,774 8 22,032 20,392 5 321 16,959 551,445 122,918 PiTTSTON . Waeeen 1,333,553 1,746,329 1,849 3,534 7,433 79,591 314,738 5,649,357 243,608 764 144,454 1,872 77 105,130 1,336 127,522 62,816 47,279 60 45,788 324 Washington Westchester Wilkes-Bakee WiLKINSBUEG Shamokin WiLLLtMSPORT 8,631 10,502 47,487 4,416 5,853 1,678,732 ^TTTINANT^riAW All other cities i... . 1 All other cities embrace: Coatesville, Dickson City, Duquesne, Farrell (formerly South Sharon), Monessen, North Braddock, Old Forge, and Steelton. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by_ means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data for some of the important industries in Pennsyl- vania are here presented. Statistics for power laun- dries are also given. Iron and steel, blast furnaces, and steel works and rolling mills. — The establishments included in the blast-furnace industry are those engaged in the smelt- ing of iron ore, and the steel works and rolUng mills which manufacture steel or which roll jron and steel. Steel works and rolling mills is the leading industry of the state, whether measured by value of products, number of wage earners employed, value added by manufacture, or capital invested. Nearly seven- eighths (86.2 per cent) of the pig-iron product of the state is used in the steel works and roUing mills and 86.6 per cent of the pig iron-consumed by the steel works and roUing mills in 1914 was produced by the consumer. The state produced, in 1914, 41.9 per cent of the pig-iron of the country and 48.1 per cent of the rolled, forged, and other classified products of the steel works and roUing mills. .^ The first successful ore-smelting works were estab- lished in Berks County in 1716, although in 1692 a small amount of iron had been made in the Pennsyl- vania colony. In 1728-29 the colony exported 274 tons of pig iron to England. In 1791 there were 16 blast furnaces in the state and by 1849 the number had grown to 298, of which 230 were charcoal furnaces. Since 1849 the manufacture of charcoal iron has dechned; in 1914 but 4 small charcoal furnaces were operated. The manufacture of steel was attempted about 1750, but development was slow, and in 1805 there were only two steel plants in the state with a combined yearly capacity of about 150 tons. In 1809 there were &ve steel furnaces with an output of 531 t' 16,547,600 barrels, of which illuminatuig oils formed 52.3 per cent; lubricating oils, 18.9 per cent; fuel oUs, 16.4 per cent; and gasoUne and naphthas, 12.4 per cent. There was a decrease in the production of refined oils from 1909 to 1914 of 3,021,102 barrels, or 18.3 per cent. The condition of the industry is also reflected in the figures for the equipment, such as stUls, storage tanks, and agitators. Slaughtering and meat packing. — The following table gives the quantity and cost of the principal mate- rials used and the quantity and value of some of the leading products reported for the slaughtering and meat-packing industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 43 Total cost.. Animals slaughtered: Nimiber Cost Calves — Number Cost Sheep and lambs- Number Cost Hogs- Number Cost Dressed meat purchased lor ciulng, cost 1 All other materials, cost Total value. Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds Value .' Veal- Pounds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible ofial and all other fre.sh meat- Pounds Value Cured meat: Beef, pickled, and other cured— Pounds Value., Pork, pickled, and other cured — Pounds Value. Pounds Value Meat puddings, headcheese, etc.: Pounds V alue Lard: Pounds Value Oleo and other oils: Gallons Value Tallow, olco stock, and stearin: Pounds Value Sausage casings: Pounds Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Pounds Value Calf- Number Poimds Value Sheep- Number Value 1914 alue. $57,604,689 236,949 $19,340,197 115,446 $1,665,435 436,881 $2,356,186 1,573,974 $25,321,263 $5,375,289 $3,546,329 $65,191,272 130,759,894 $16,693,646 9,967,655 $1,529,528 16,142,452 $2,146,594 91,731,688 $12,754,612 12,319,073 $872,176 2,853,323 $690,103 83,007,657 $12,174,586 40,669,573 $5,719,326 18,793,774 $2,018,687 47,191,604 $5,156,619 504,708 $358,258 7,911,300 $572,439 717,482 $165,051 11,298 $350,718 236,949 15,573,867 $2,544,896 115,005 1,348,226 $243,049 436,880 $433,704 $767,280 1909 $44,247,494 252,897 $14,997,080 152,851 $1,764,473 445,471 $2,332,533 1,222,880 $16,934,874 $4,898,467 $3,320,067 $51, 106, 708 136,838,202 $13,072,530 13,405,455 $1,671,022 17,316,377 $2, 149, 700 50,210,292 $6,072,517 3,189,364 $195,490 2,765,672 $448,471 78,559,883 $11,116,844 42,569,651 $4,677,079 36,121,032 $4,522,249 679,938 $536,841 8,965,706 $682,426 m 9,973 $190,762 3097,448 19,17,659 $2,426,372 444,480 $455,030 $2,889,375 1904 $27,784,202 197,581 $10,068,306 112,867 $1,025,377- 363,494 $1,570,071 1,085,634 $10,156,069 $3,363,793 $1,600,586 $32,321,089 117,319,123 $9,436,666 9,097,823 $987,297 15,035,808 $1,440,490 37,383,942 $3,295,575 13,498,980 $939,079 924,173 $88,394 78,070,062 $7,679,349 23,007,722 $2,025,240 (?) 34,129,473 $2,534,618 1,000,259 $469,013 (') 8,415 $140,642 296,259 14,619,934 $1,469,705 363,494 $336,037 $1,478,984 1 Includes the cost of poultry. 2 Not reported separately. 1318 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA . From 1909 to 1914 the total cost of materials in- creased $13,357,195, or 30.2 per cent, while the total value of products increased $14,084,564, or 27.5 per cent, for the same period. There was a decrease in the number of each class of animals slaughtered, except hogs, but an increase in the cost of each kind of animals slaughtered, except calves. The cost of dressed meat purchased for curing increased 9.7 per cent. The output of fresh meat, sold as such, shows a gain of 18.1 per cent in quantity and 46.8 per cent in value, while the quantity of meats cured increased 5.6 per cent and the value 11.2 per cent. These gains are due largely to the increase in the production of pork. Sausage decreased 4.5 per cent in quantity, but increased 22.3 per cent in value, while lard increased 30.6 per cent in quantity and 14 per cent in value. Coke. — The manufacture of coke in the United States was begun in 1841 near Connellsville, Pa. For many years the industry was confined almost entirely to the western part of Pennsylvania, where coal suited to its manufacture was abimdant and the proximity of the iron nulls of the Pittsburgh district an advantage. While coke is now manufactured in a number of other states, Pennsylvania still leads in its production and supplies nearly two-thirds of the total for the country. The following table presents, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, statistics for the materials used and the quan- tity and value of coke produced, together with the number and kinds of ovens in use. The figures for 1914 were compiled by the United States Geological Survey. Table 44 1914 1909 1904 MATEKULS. Coal Charged into ovens, tons (2,000 30,286,961 36,983,568 23,083,044 Run ot mine- Unwashed 25,568,962 2,135,754 465,927 2,116,318 20,258,393 $42,447,886 31,712,482 2,278,927 1,016,576 1,975,583 24,905,525 $50,377,035 20,595,657 Washed 605,627 Slack- Unwashed . . 1,079,682 Washed.; 902,278 PEODUCTS. Coke: Tons 16,273,046 Value $28,593,136 Made in heehive ovens- Tons 18,074,057 $35,877,910 2,184,a36 $0,569,976 54,075 22,966,105 $45,315,189 1,939,420 $5,061,846 54,506 15,767,652 Value $27,542,495 Made in retort or by-product ovens- Tons ... 505,394 $1,050,641 EQTJIPMENT. Ovens, number at end of year 37,205 52,553 1,522 53,210 1,296 36,675 Eetort or by-product ovens 530 There was a decrease from 1909 to 1914 in the total quantity of coke produced, but an increase in the num- ber of by-product ovens and of coke produced by them. This growth in the use of by-product ovens is significant as showing the value of utUizing that which was for- merly waste. For the general statistics for the classi- fied industry, which include all the subsidiary products of the establishments engaged in the p: see Table 59. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — The following table shows the quantity and value of the several prod- ucts of the flour mills and gristmills of ihe state for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 45 1914 1909 1904 Products total value. $43,626,356 $44,782,558 $38,518,702 Wheat flour: Barrels 3,975,031 • $19,795,116 151,877 $666,000 36,830,070 $1,077,717 270,364 $5,762 760,299 $2,509,696 61,981,949 $939,878 4,627,400 $86,613 182,626 $4,642,020 404,928 $12,760,946 267,137 - $10,262 $618,385 $514,061 3,749,842 $20,150,978 154,679 $628,999 50,760,000 ■ $1,289,949 196,800 $2,776 767,462 $2,369,701 52,105,637 $796,433 3,969,229 $19,844,069 128, 506 Eye flour: Value te36 5V6 Buckwheat flour: Pounds 45,117,852 $1,075,989 331,600 $4,106 1,097,993 Barley meal: Value Corn meal and com flour: Barrels . . $2,691,670 33,938,974 $411,579 Hominy and grits: Value Oatmeal: Pounds Value Bran and middhngs: Tons 649,636 ■ $18,071,309 Feed and oflal: 598,888 $13,764,753 Value Breakfast foods: Pounds Value $422 $1,471,991 $189, 960 The total value of products of the industry decreased from $44,782,558 in 1909 to $43,626,356 in 1914. Wheat flour, and feed and offal, -including bran and middlings, were the principal products at each of the last three census years, constituting 85.3 per cent of the total value of products in 1914, 85.4 per cent in 1909, and 87.3 per cent in 1904. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the quantity of wheat fiour increased 225,189 barrels, or 6 per cent, while its value decreased $355,862, or 1.8 per cent. Feed and offal, including bran and middlings, shows a decrease of 62,082 tons, or 9.6 per cent, in quantity and $668,343, or 3.7 per cent, in value during the same period. With the ex- ception of barley meal, the remaining products pre- sented separately show shght decreases in quantity since 1909. Of the 824 establishments grinding wheat in 1914, 4 reported over 100,000 barrels of wheat flour, 24 from 20,000 to 100,000 barrels, 114 from 5,000 to 20,000 barrels, 392 from 1,000 to 5,000 barrels, and 290 establishments less than 1,000 barrels each. The equipment reported in 1914 consisted mainly of 3,638 stands of roUs, 1,380 runs of stone, and 635 attrition mills. Barrels were manufactured by 10 and sacks by 10 of the establishments reported in 1914. Glass. — In 1914 Pennsylvania reported 32.3 per cent of the total value of glass manufactured in the United States as against 35.6 per cent in 1909 and 34.8 per cent in 1904. The state ranked first in the production of building glass and pressed and blown glass and second in the production of bottles and jars. /D:;e JdlosH^ table gives the quantity and value of pTodlirtVlfrftie industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904: MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1319 Table 46 1914 1909 19(M Products, total value $39,797,822 $32,817,936 $27,671,693 Building glass, value $18,968,873 193,392,492 $8,613,703 23,114,813 $1,254,911 33,615,943 $J, 192, 576 7,219,018 $586,120 - $321,563 $11,241,495 $8,930,255 $657,199 $14,958,649 181,772,450 $5,786,591 110,792,914 $643,019 31,992,783 . $8,245,821 $383,218 $9,847,228 $7,778,787 $233,272 $12,169,013 120,520,000 $5,963,874 17,745,349 $357,587 17 RQ'^ ^4fi Window glass- Square feet Value Obscured glass- Square feet Value Plate'glass— Square feet Value $5,140,554 Wire glass- Square feet Value (') All other, value $706,998 $9,406,183 $5,951,144 $145,353 Pressed and blown glass, value All other products, value 1 Reported as skylights. 2 Not reported separately. The total value of products for 1914 represents an increase of 21.3 per cent over 1909. Window glass, the product of chief value among those for use in building, increased 6.4 per cent in quantity and 48.9 per cent in value. Obscured glass, which was re- ported prior to the census of 1914 as skylight glass, shows .an increase in both quantity and value of over 100 per cent. Plate glass also increased in quantity but shows a slight decrease in value. The total value of pressed and blown glass increased 14.2 per cent, and that of bottles and jars, 14.8 per cent. In 1914 the factories in Pennsylvania produced 61,167,900 pieces of table ware; 3,999,513 dozen blown tumblers, stem ware, and bar goods; 1,183,341 gross prescription bottles, vials, and druggists' ware; and 285,041 gross milk jars. The state also produced 85.7 per cent of the opal ware and 94.8 per cent of the battery jars made in the United States in 1914. Of the 103 estabhsh- ments engaged in the manufacture of glass in 1914, 39 produced building glass, 33 pressed and blown glass, and 34 bottles, jars, etc. Boots and shoes. — The following table shows the number of pairs of the various kinds of footwear manufactured in 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 47 Boots and shoes Men's Boys' and youths'. . Women's Misses' and children Slippers, all kinds All other footwear NUMBER OF PAIES. 1914 17,717,591 . 1,697,909 ^ 1,230,664 3,672,662 11,116,366 312,334 4,154,677 1909 11,631,329 942,959 1,105,348 3,285,815 6,297,207 1,165,117 ■4,792,028 1904 1,116,021 1,035,721 3,417,319 4,429,628 328,741 3,009,090 Table 47 shows a great increase in the manufacture of footwear in Pennsylvania during the decade 1904-1914. There were 22,184,502 pairs produced in the state in 1914, a gain of 26.1 per cent over 1909, and of 66.3 per cent over 1904. Of the 17,717,591 pairs of boots and shoes manufactured in 1914, those made for misses and children constituted 62.7 per cent, an increase of 76.5 per cent over. boots and shoes increased 11.8 per cent during the period and boys' and youths' 11.3 per cent, while the largest relative increase, 86 per cent, was for men's boots and shoes. The number of pairs of slippers manufactured decreased by 73.2 per cent during the period from 1909 to 1914. "All other footwear," which consists principally of infants' sfeoes and slippers, decreased 13.3 per cent during the same period. The following table classifies the various 'kinds of footwear produced in 1914, according to the methods employed in their manufacture : Table 48 Cen- sus year. NDMBEE OF PAIES, BY METHOD OP MANXJPACTUEE. KIND. Total. Welted. Turned. McKay. Wood or metal fastened. Boots and shoes . . . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 17,717,591 11,631,329 4,823,414 2,764,754 6,981,379 4,170,122 6,404,466 4,187,893 608,332 508,560 1,697,909 942,959 1,230,664 1,105,348 3,672,662 3,285,815 11,116,356 6,297,207 312,334 1, 165, 117 4,154,677 4,792,028 1,236,963 634,360 327,077 138,675 1,979,191 1,748,784 1,280,183 342,945 (1) 91,739 679,602 0) 61,732 37,418 804,469 862,569 1,277,249 1,106,136 3,271,016 2,191,780 138,.309 489,637 226, 597 222,783 409, 214 371,191 99,118 114,114 Boys'and youths' Women's Misses' and chil- dren's. Slippers, all kinds. . 416,222 418,646 6,565,157 3,751,677 174,026 583,741 3,927,980 3,861,268 12,360 10,905 All other footwear. 128,375 1 Included with "McKiiy." 2 Uicludedwith "turned." More than two-thirds of the boots and manufactured in Pennsylvania in 1914 were turned and McKay sewed; 6,981,379 pairs of the former class and 6,404,466 of the latter class being reported, while 4,823,414 pairs were made by the welted process. Of men's shoes made in 1914, 72.9 per cent were welted as compared with 56.7 per cent in 1909. The McKay type predominated in the manufacture of boys' and youths' boots and shoes, and the welted style in women's wear, while more than half of the misses' and children's shoes, were turned. Slippers were divided about equally between the turned and McKay types. Paper and wood pulp. — Table 49 shows the quantity and cost of the principal materials used in the industry, the quantity and value of the principal products, and the number and capacity of the paper machines and pulp equipment for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. The total cost of the materials used in 1914, includ- ing fuel and rent of power, was an increase of 40.8 per cent over 1909 and of 88.6 per cent during the decade. The total quantity of wood used in the manufacture of pulp was 375,730 cords. Of this amount, spruce represented 103,114 cords; poplar, 49,317 cords; pine, 29,859 cords; southern pine, 26,276 cords; hemlock, 25,722 cords; other woods, including gum, birch, beach, maple, etc., 88,102 cords; and slabs and other kMyd'i^ft^'^'^^ ^''^'^- ^ *^« different kinds of 1320 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. wood pulp used at each census, sulphite fiber was the most important. The use of old and waste paper as a material has almost doubled in both quantity and value since 1904, while the value of "all other mate- rials," which amounted to $5,021,212 in 1914, increased 66 per cent during the decade. Ta;>Ie 49 MATERIALS. Total cost. Pulp wood: Cords Cost Wood pulp purchased: Tons Cost Ground — Tons Cost Soda fiber — Tons Cost Sulphite fiber- Tons Cost Sulphate fiber- Tons Cost Rags, Including cotton and flax waste and sweepings: Tons Cost Old or waste paper: Tons Cost Manila stock, including jute bagging, rope, waste) and thread: Tons Cost Fuel and rent of power, cost. All other materials, cost Total value. Book paper (plain, coated, and cover) : Tons Value ' — Wrapping paper: Tons Value ....: Manila (rope, jute, etc.)^ Tons Value Hea^'y (mill wrappers, etc.) — Tons Value Bogus, or wood manila— Tons Value All other — Tons Value Boards: Tons Value Building, roofing, asbestos, and sheatiuiig paper: Tons Value All other paper: Tons Value Wood pulp made for sale or for con- sumption in mills other than those In which produced: Tons Value All other products, value Wood pulp produced (including that used in nulls where manufactured) , total tons Soda fiber, tons All other (ground, sulphite, and screenings), tons MACHINEET. Paper machines: Total number Capacity, yearly, tons Fourdrimer — Number , Capacity per 24 hours, tons Cylinder — Number Capacity, per 24 hours, tons. . 1914 $16,046,557 375, 730 $3,234,665 70,142 $2,980,909 9,960 $242,579 9,971 $412,240 40,009 $1,931,312 10,202 $394, 778 63,975 $1,312,991 125, 171 $1,329,985 7,741 $392,525 $1,774,270 $5,021,212 $25,439,346 124,665 $9,703,171 73,371 $4,243,294 4,089 $584,586 18,369 $827,059 8,651 $339,190 42,262 $2,492,459 66,376 $1,996,006 55,273 $2,078,129 61,465 $5,242,568 28,662 $1,133,039 $1,043,139 178, 127 99,845 78,282 128 501,255 76 62 670 $11,398,311 0) $2,111,025 41,062 $1,773,494 6,942 $163, 187 3,408 $151,337 30, 712 $1,458,970 G) 64,654 $1,226,978 106, 150 $1,208,765 9,644 $327,212 $1,544,116 $3,206,721 $19,872,717 80,439 $6,442,043 63,995 $3,954,678 5,702 $670,071 36,619 $1,777,450 6,167 $278,993 15,607 $1,228,064 53,963 $1,406,309 60,168 $1,937,000 55,632 $4,695,994 16,589 $683,610 $753,183 136, 850 80,776 56,074 126 419,207 68 736 58 1904 $8,609,546 243,420 $1,222,491 30,945 $1,181,511 6,747 $125,463 4,451 $189,892 19,747 $866, 156 {') 56,207 $866,616 65,726 $719,574 11,971 $299,469 $1,196,885 $3,023,000 $15,411,032 66,256 $4,905,068 58,192 $3,154,038 5,964 $582,976 31,043 $1,366,455 1,571 $72,898 19,614 $1,131,709 26,398 $688,358 67,797 $1,847,762 37,444 $3,524,836 18,880 $844,098 $446,872 83,114 53,682 29,432 134 327,505 65 580 ^ Not reported separately. Table 49— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 IIACHDJEEY— continued. Pulp eguipment: 4 103 80 23 205,972 4,150 117,144 84,678 5 105 83 22 169,961 16,908 87,903 65,150 6 T>igest.ers, Tii7mber , 89 73 Sulphite fiber 16 Capacity, yearly, tons of pulp. . . Ground tons 130,647 4,400 73,873 52,274 The total value of paper and wood pulp products increased by $5,566,629, or 28 per cent, for the period 1909-1914, and 65.1 per cent for the decade 1904^1914. Book paper, plain, coated, and cover, was the leading product of the paper mills of the state in 1914 as well as at the two preceding censuses, representing 38.1 per cent of the total value of products in 1914, 32.4 per cent in 1909, and 31.8 per cent in 1904. The prod- uct ranking next in value was wrapping paper, while writing and other fine paper, although of ahnost equal value, can not be shown separately on account of dis- closing the operations of individual estabUshments. Board and building papers were also important prod- ucts of the industry in the state. The total amount of wood pulp produced increased from 83,114 tons in 1904 to 136,850 tons in 1909 and 178,127 tons in 1914, an increase of 114.3 per cent during the decade. Ctemicals. — The following table shows the value of certain chemicals manufactured in Pennsylvania dur- mg 1914 and 1909: Table 60 Products, total value The chemical industry Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acid industry Subsidiary chemical products from other industries. Acids Alums Coal-tar products Compressed and liquefied gases Sodas and sodium compounds Fine chemicals, alkaloids, gold, silver, and plat- inum salts, ether, vanadium, etc other chemicals r AH other products 1914 $24,909,294 22,387,835 1,158,479 1,362,980 4,456,542 1,362,357 1,442,481 1,545,857 1,129,863 4,343,809 8,234,611 2,393,874 1909 $18,813,785 15,978,162 624,473 2,211,150 3,158,940 1,390,689 783,382 931,388 1,076,592 4,427,865 6,800,240 244,789 The total value of products of the classified chemical industry increased $6,409,673, or 40.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. From the standpoint of value, the most important group of products made in 1914 was acids, which shows an increase over 1909 of 41.1 per cent. Coal tar shows the largest relative increase of any of the groups, 84.1 per cent. Chemicals valued at $1,362,980 were produced incidentally during 1914 by estabhshments primarily engaged in the manufacture of products classified under other industry designations. In the production of chemicals Pennsylvania ranked third among the states at both the census of , 1914 and that of 1909. Paint and. varnish, — The following table shows the r>- mL 1-543 i fluantity and value of the paints and varnishes re- DigmZed by ^Q/eQSQ«l©censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1321 Table 5 1 Products, total value. Pigments. Paints In paste form, ground in oil — White lead- Pounds Value All other- Pounds Value In oil, already mixed for use — Gallons Value Varnishes and japans Oleoresinous varnishes — Gallons Value Spirit varnishes, not turpentine- Gallons Value Damar and similar turpentine and henzine varnishes- Gallons Value , Drying japans and dryers- Gallons Value BaMng japans and lacquers — Gallons Value All other, value Fillera: Liquid — Gallons Value Dry or in paste — Pounds Value Putty- Pounds Value Water paints and kalsomine: Dry or in paste, pounds Value Mixed for use, value All other products, value . 1914 1 $16,004,616 $3,248,837 $6,915,720 41,526,000 $2,470,052 29,936,997 $1,583,668 3,099,564 $2,862,000 $2,056,265 454,323 $388,029 196,892 $180,969 309,268 $285,705 1,610,416 $597,503 1,410,190 $234,457 77,316 $66,254 35,797,460 $436,926 9,449,944 $186,624 265,499 $12,870 $6,966 $3,075,154 1909 $14,019,744 $3,055,741 $6,312,862 32,401,207 $1,995,179 29,741,101 $1,609,481 3,083,523 $2,708,202 $1,814,551 397,010 $356, 105 72,567 $93,945 502,987 $309,029 2,199,656 $800,082 $255,390 $498,517 $2,335,073 1904 $11,637,038 $2,489,535 $5,144,112 35,780,225 $1,898,758 22,061,202 $1,398,355 2,190,972 $1,846,999 $1,867,940 2 1,174,352 a $1,082,384 83,536 $136,980 « $257,502 $391,074 $360,439 $1,775,012 I In addition, paints and varnishes to the value of $9,835 were made in establish- ments not engaged primarily in the manufacture of paint or varnish. ' Include damar and similar turpentine and henzine varnishes. 3 Included in oleoresinous vamlsn. < Not reported. AH major items in the table show an increase in value since 1909. The increase in the total value of products was $1,984,872. Paints, already mixed for use, is the most important product, showing a value in 1914 of $2,862,000. ' White lead in oil ranked second among the products, with a value of $2,470,052. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — In 1914 Penn- sylvania ranked twelfth among the states in the factory production of butter, third in cheese, and sixth in condensed and evaporated milk. Table 52 gives in detail the quantity and value of the products of the industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The combined value of butter, cheese, and con- densed milk shows an increase of $2,143,234, or 15.8 per cent, during the five years 1909 to 1914. Butter contributed 49.3 per cent of the total value of products in 1914 as against 71 per cent in 1909. The quantity produced decreased between 1904 and 1909 and again between 1909 and 1914, but the value increased during the former and decreased during the latter five-year period. Cheese, which contributed 9.7 per cent of the total value of products of the industry in 1914, showed no very marked change in value, but increased in quantity 3,574,536 pounds, or 31.8 per cent. Con- densed and evaporated milk, contributing 28.3 per cent of the total value of, products, shows large in- creases in both quantity and value, the increase in quantity being 43,247,533 pounds, or 163.4 per cent, and in value, $2,954,868, or 199.5 per cent. The in- crease is due to the manufacture of unsweetened and evaporated milk, which increased from 15,683,771 pounds in 1909 to 53,296,814 pounds in 1914, or 239.8 per cent, while the value increased from $743,014 in 1909 to $3,239,753 in 1914, or 336 per cent. Cream sold as such shows a very large increase during the decade. Table 52 1914 1909 1904 $15,687,299 $13,544,065 $11,581,115 Butter: Pounds 23,985,125 $7,738,208 7.221,417 52,099,201 16,763,708 $5,639,007 14,808,573 $1,518,862 8,541,623 $1,277,197 3,455,599 $133,723 2,811,351 $107,942 69,708,917 $4,436,281 16,412,103 $1,196,528 53,296,814 $3,239,753 8,791,734 $970,939 $993,886 $29,123 30,484,217 $9,613,299 9,283,220 $2,741,957 21,200,997 $6,871,342 11,234,037 $1,414,890 9,423,849 $1,314,704 490,685 $42,921 1,319,503 $57,265 26,461,384 $1,481,413 10,777,613 $738,399 15,683,771 $743,014 4,754,954 $531,432 35,754,841 Value $8,691,362 Packed solid- Pounds 10,660,820 $2,278,140 Prints or rolls- 25,094,021 Value $6,413,222 Cheese: 11,453,424 Value.. $1, 007, 815 Full cream- Pounds Value Part cream — 11,453,424 $1,007,815 other Mnds— Value Condensed and evaporated milk: 20,364,700 $1,229,602 19,160,432 Value Sweetened— Pnnnrls Value.. $1,177,969 1,204,268 $51,633 1,778,703 $161,913 Unsweetened and evaporated milk- Value Cream sold: Pnnnds Value other butter, cheese, and condensed- milk factory products,value $503,031 $490,423 Carriages and wagons. — Table 53 shows the number and value of the several products of this industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 53 1914 1909 1904 Products, total value . $12,261,637 . $12,748,383 $11,493,128 Carriages, pleasure: Number 15,551 ' $1,101,307 32,983 $2,849,777 21,976 $2,153,542 10,960 $684,624 47 $11,611 71 $48,710 2,404 $75,247 $8,186,596 23,395 $1,738,125 33,634 $2,996,485 21,414 $2,143,007 11,964 $766,499 256 $86,979 432 $133,811 3,210 $90,619 $7,789,343 33,467 $2,355,043 35,395 $2,839,372 Value Wagons: Number Business- Number Value m 13,321 W 352 (1) 333 $117,093 5,551 $150,461 $6,031,159 Farm- Value Government, municipal, etc.— Number Value Public conveyances: Value Sleighs and sleds: Number Value All other products, including parts and repair work, value 1 Not reported. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1322 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. The total value of products of this industry shows a decrease of 3.8 per cent for, the five-year period 1909- 1914 and an increase of 6.7 per cent for the decade 1904-1914. With the exception of business wagons, there was a considerable decreaseln the value of every kind of vehicle for which statistics are shown, but this loss was to a great extent counterbalanced by the gain in value of "aU other products" and repair work. In number and value, business vehicles constituted the naost important of the different classes of products made in 1914. Carriages for pleasure shows a decrease of 7,844, or 33.5 per cent, in number, and $636,818, or 36.6 per cent, in value. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. They were not collected previous to 1909. Table 54, however, summarizes the power-laundry statistics for Pennsylvania for 1914 and 1909. Table 54 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower.' Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDBIE3. Number or amount. 1914 .W6 11,831 447 974 10,410 12, 602 S8, 160, 248 6,120,647 884,289 4,236,358 1,848,109 10,225,004 385 10,915 436 840 9,639 10, 730 686, 132 167,836 680,843 486,993 449,517 331,834 Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 2.9 8.4 2.5 16.0 8.0 17.4 22.1 22.9 29.9 21.5 27.5 22.7 In 1914 Pennsylvania ranked fourth among the states in amount received for work done and in aver- age number of persons engaged in the industry, while in 1909 the rank was fourth and third, respectively. The foregoing summary shows increases during the five-year period in all of the items. Establishments owned by individuals reported 30 per cent of the re- ceipts for work done; those owned by corporations, 48.5 per cent; and those under other forms of owner- ship, 21.5 per cent. Of the 396 laundries reported for the state in 1914, 200 were located in 19 cities each having a population of 10,000 or more. Of these, 91 were in Philadelphia and 25 in Pittsburgh. Measured by the amount received for work done, these cities represent 38.9 and 19.9 per cent, respectively, of the total for the state. Table 55 shows for 1914 and 1909 the mxmber of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number forms of the greatest number employed in any month during the year. In the monthly employment of wage earners there was a greater variation in 1909 than in 1914. Table 55 January . . . February . . March April May June July August September, October November. December. WAGE EAKNEKS. Percent of maxi- 1914 1909 1914 1909 10,404 9,331 98.4 94.7 10,402 9,357 98.4 95.0 10,477 9,380 99.1 95.2 10,471 9,474 99.0 96.2 10,576 9,630 100.0 97.8 10,521 9,771 99.5 99.2 10,407 9,756 98.4 99.1 10,355 9,716 97.9 98.6 10,310 9,820 97.5 99.7 10,410 9,849 98.4 100.0 10, .320 9,802 97.8 99.5 10,259 9,782 97.0 99.3 Table 56 gives statistics as to kinds and amount of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 56 HORSEPOWER. ENGINES OR MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of in- crease,' 1914 1S09 1914 1909 1909- 1914. 590 633 12,602 10,730 17.4 376 334 41 1 214 214 397 345 52 136 136 11,624 10,675 937 12 978 904 74 10,111 9,124 987 15.0 Steam 17.0 —6.1 Water wheels Rented. .- . 619 649 70 58.0 64.7 other . .... 6.7 Electric— Generated in establishments 465 287 1,319 764 72.6 I A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Table 67 shows kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 57 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent KIND. 1914 ' 1909 of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Tons, 2,240 lbs... Tons, 2,000 lbs... .... do 51,621 67,650 48,729 42,139 444 8,284 433,028 5.9 60.5 Oil Barrels 562 194,879 -93.2 Gas (excluding blast-furnace gas) . 1,000 cubic feet... -55.6 1 Atninus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. 1323 GENERAL TABLES. Table 58 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in cities having 50,000 population or more; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 59 presents, for 1914, for the state as a whole and for cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, sta- tistics in detail for each industry for which figures can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations; and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all indus- tries combined. Table 58.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. nroUSIEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ■ ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost ot mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Agricultural implements Artificial flowers and feathers and plumes. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Babbitt metal and sol- der. Belting, leather. Blacking and cleansing and polishing prepa- rations. Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms. Brushes - Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Buttons . Canning and preserving. Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 27,521 27,663 23,495 3S 36 43 28 30 19 80 44 6 20 17 11 15 17 14 55 44 24 146 140 1133 63 77 133 118 107 104 2,987 3,185 2,817 377 465 528 80 84 46 55 387 536 645 21 24 21 384 83 63 93 102 687 655 656 924,478 877, 543 763, 282 2,018 2,401 2,394 802 805 553 3,199 566 157 181 68 189 156 127 186 158 133 13,414 10,822 8,990 1,693 1,801 1,585 5,140 4,604 4,179 1,940 2,080 1,695 15,157 12,221 10,964 18,976 17, 061 16,230 614 444 416 1,309 1,177 1,218 L154 1,123 1,009 3,096 2,763 2,215 9,569 11, 510 13, 716 6,370 7,498 7,461 3,549, 868 2,921,547 2,302,398 4,472 3,842 3,230 68 76 52 5,130 2,746 180 271 60 310 363 205 606 388 2x8 6,352 4,337 3,221 1,840 1,818 1,754 2,427 2,121 1,569 4,578 4,996 5,261 14, 597 10, 806 6,044 70,949 61,389 54,710 456 461 273 360 7,808 7,613 9,483 1,318 858 796 4,476 3,474' 2,894 13,586 13,073 11,871 10,906 11,544 9,197 $527,953 455,627 367,961 1,121 1,223 1,103 301 262 170 2,137 1,808 362 101 107 33 129 105 84 81 68 62 6,213 4,266 3,263 662 680 428 1,826 1,472 1,213 1,260 1,234 949 8,614 6,628 6,392 9,735 8,238 7,192 264 214 204 196 745 656 556 477 404 305 1,264 947 762 4,798 5,169 5,829 3,780 3,861 ^^647 $1,688,921 1,582,660 1,142,943 $2,832,349 2,626,742 1,955,651 1,907 2,082 2,075 675 367 5,668 4,061 601 1,169 1,717 723 1,295 1,011 541 625 387 218 17,427 12,064 8,907 1,208 1,252 1,023 2,977 2,290 1,676 7,123 5,605 3,271 31,686 27,330 19,300 8,727 6,562 4,508 758 737 597 618 13,017 11,674 9,666 746 360 7,539 4,666 4,033 14,466 14,648 16, 706 5,442 5,707 .4,902 4,844 4,806 5,017 1,475 1,319 722 10,084 6,532 1,226 1,610 2,117 1,775 1,379 865 1,112 765 443 20, 219 14,884 2,124 2,328 1,879 6,546 5,184 3,906 9,780 8,465 6,443 54,140 45, 850 33,370 24,467 22,297 18,039 1,259 1,261 1,138 1,043 15, 687 13,544 11, 681 1,742 1,665 900 14,950 9,484 8,065 23,100 24,879 27,120 12,262 12, 748 ! , 11,493 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by electric-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Cars, steam-railroad, not including opera- tions of railroad com- panies. Cement Chemicals. Chocolate and cocoa products. Clocks and watches, in- cluding cases and ma- terials. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts, Clothing, women's.. Coffee and spice, roast- ing and grmding. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Coke, not including gas- house coke. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere . specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cordage and twine 'and jute goods. Cork, cuttijig. Corsets. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. ^! f*-(o\ 1 Excludes statistics for tV< >3St iblulTiiiaitt, ti Woid aiSiicsai ccf Inav-dusl operations. 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. » Includes ' canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables" and "plcKles, preserves, and 6 1 , 5®^ .< t?*^ 1 *"» enameleffware, not elsewhere specified" and "tinware, not else- 1914 1909 1904 92 65 9 2,972 2,442 1,176 4,782 4,370 40 $2,070 1,477 687 $1,143 1,094 483 1914 1909 1904 163 132 128 54,729 46,646 41,838 77,885 56,774 32,157 38,863 30,157 25,517 49,167 41,401 32,361 1914 1909 1904 12 13 9 9,965 7,766 6,461 26,462 31,732 13,842 6,635 4,819 3,061 29,377 19,002 13,821 1914 1909 1904 26 27 22 7,910 8,080 6,609 132,894 102,904 39,174 4,428 3,875 2,988 16,827 10,108 4,360 1914 1909 1904 39 2 37 44 4,748 3,186 3,376 16,570 9,771 10,653 2,928 1,892 1,893 12,615 10,200 7,270 1914 1909 1904 7 6 4 1,766 863 351 7,607 2,885 865 739 324 121 7,546 2,955 1,390 1914 1909 1904 7 8 16 721 1,395 798 177 1,033 596 402 728 373 452 1,172 814 1914 1909 1904 699 696 451 21,126 23,623 17,574 6,678 5,288 4,198 8,390 8,992 6,853 20,365 19,863 16,617 1914 1909 1904 483 401 223 17,217 15,701 8,690 3,108 2,514 1,585 8,091 7,140 3,427 20,342 18,156 7,903 1914 1909 1904 77 84 50 686 407 401 2,117 1,566 935 302 207 215 5,009 4,361 1,822 1914 1909 1904 32 36 24 1,382 1,103 868 2,066 1,447 1,137 724 514 427 2,005 1,575 1,005 1914 1909 1904 108 140 110 9,871 16,331 10,154 36,213 26,091 44,478 6,635 8,436 6,173 29,820 33,762 14,979 1914 1909 1904 281 251 150 6,466 5,408 4,729 6,811 3,869 3,603 2,307 1,760 1,400 10,099 8,203 6,881 1914 1909 1904 125 133 129 1,643 1,630 1,496 4,213 3,681 2,970 863 756 720 3,434 2,989 2,419 1914 1909 1904 <431 339 206 6,818 6,815 6,021 5,989 8,245 2,536 3,826 3,444 2,523 9,151 8,861 4,949 1914 1909 1904 28 18 20 2,678 2,119 2,232 7,128 4.630 4,344 1,071 685 666 5,057 3,001 3,648 1914 1909 1904 10 10 13 1,787 1,727 2,026 2,841 2,046 1,989 824 635 620 2,094 1,669 1,802 1914 1909 1904 10 6 4 803 433 89 169 86 13 275 136 23 406 277 39 1914 1909 1904 S156 175 165 14,640 16,293 15, 263 23,411 24,589 22,611 6,676 7,034 6,943 17,664 18,757 14,322 $3,421 2,747 1,259 76,035 61,021 39,831 27,610 19,428 29,081 18,855 10,234 22,388 15,9'8 11,790 12,342 4,811 2,134 1,398 2,873 1,549 40,370 39,682 31, 714 37,059 32,837 15,086 6,967 6,689 2,697 3,672 2,757 1,989 42,996 51, 816 28,924 16,668 13, 642 10,073 6,160 4,630 3,973 16,686 17,197 9,687 6,776 4,805 6,138 3,722 2,965 3,176 1,974 724 81 32,400 33,917 26,300 <• Includes "cotton lace." sauces." elsewhere specified.' 1324 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 68.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904r— Continued. INDUSTKT AND CITI. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age nima- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDtlSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 101 129 102 3,504 4,260 3,735 9,194 11,311 13,416 $1,888 %280 1,736 K,904 3,431 2,094 $6,486 8,022 5,819 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. 1914 1909 1904 66 63 43 756 744 684 113 163 149 $446 273 264 $861 543 526 $1,759 1,097 1,063 Dairymen's, poultry- 1914 1909 1904 15 13 11 581 650 55 964 465 138 358 345 24 386 440 56 1,329 1,712 140 Hats, fur-felt 1914 1909 1904 27 38 25 6,714 7,220 4,619 6,241 6,335 2,745 3,934 3,725 2,122 3,889 5,013 2,729 11,041 men's, and apiarists' supplies. 13,023 7,350 Dental goods 1914 1909 1904 45 23 20 1,645 1,072 887 443 427 339 695 464 368 2,177 1,325 1,410 4,362 2,745 2,337 Hats straw 1914 1909 1904 9 9 7 343 460 267 74 86 67 162 214 112 649 403 237 1,011 872 555 ^.LUIJU, .JUX t... ............. Dyeing and finishing 1914 1909 1904 160 ' 135 123 6,389 6,086 4,585 14,685 13,560 9,712 3,469 2,988 2,076 8,466 6,331 2,701 15,452 12,059 6,786 Hosiery and knit goods. 1914 1909 1904 498 464 377 41,130 38,206 28,171 23,861 21,797 14,749 15,382 11,750 7,961 37,756 27,218 16,038 64,153 49,658 30,812 Dyestufls and extracts . 1914 1909 1904 9 14 8 265 369 203 3,113 3,516 2,731 182 187 105 1,158 1,373 629 1,569 2,346 966 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. 1914 1909 1904 32 24 27 569 560 604 639 612 681 207 160 160 1,294 1,047 720 1,882 1,569 1,243 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- 1914 1909 1904 105 84 80 14,866 11,025 9,404 36,537 33,829 29,238 8,737 6,237 5,300 17,240 13,535 11,365 44,396 31,351 26,258 Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 1904 189 170 109 2,124 1,606 1,236 43,937 35,890 23,576 1,289 1,023 732 1,453 1,225 711 5,194 4,823 2,939 Explosives 1914 1909 1904 33 27 40 1,037 1,033 897 5,831 4,594 5,699 716 630 527 4,107 4,088 2,616 6,003 6,388 4,013 Ink nrintins 1914 1909 1904 9 8 8 151 166 99 341 483 443 106 106 73 823 623 403 1,052 1,050 684 ' ' ' " , ^X 1 ■ 1 U 1 1 1 ^ ••-........ Fancy articles, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 '41 52 44 770 828 675 355 498 t 358 319 322 206 652 592 366 1,399 1,385 894 Instruments, profes- sional and scientific. 1914 1909 1904 57 39 38 796 635 779 808 751 593 461 380 444 391 262 320 1,654 1,039 1,118' Fertilizers 1914 1909 1904 47 48 43 1,110 1,224 958 4,647 6,174 4,651 608 675 447 4,170 4,613 2,891 6,178 6,543 4,095 Iron and steel, blast furnaces. 1914 1909 1904 62 66 65 11,518 14,521 13,867 477,588 476,680 304,154 9,337 9,457 71764 115,501 142,074 86,322 135,806 168,573 107,455 Files 1914 1909 1904 7 7 8 1,315 1,217 953 1,694 1,313 1,082 583 528 390 401 427 395 1,495 1,540 1,127 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1914 1909 1904 178 189 186 131,955 126,911 110,904 1,270,642 896,440 820,823 96,926 85,113 65,306 285,382 329,013 237,875 448,106 500,344 363,774 Fleur-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 1,265 1,450 1,195 2,595 2,432 -2,632 61,790 69,212 61,538 1,424 1,188 1,247 37,097 38, 170 33,205 43,626 44,783 38,519 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. 1914 1909 1904 25 22 23 2,547 2,161 1,768 8,796 5,295 3,713 1,241 1,030 709 4,145 3,083 1,864 6,562; 5,118 3,117 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 131 128 78 1,512 1,185 879 3,490 2,685 1,540 789 541 344 4,810 3,005 1,797 7,291 4,864 3,184 Iron and steel forgings. . 1914 1909 1904 43 38 36 2,205 2,312 1,568 9,008 10,146 1,366 1,372 928 2,713 3,147 1,749 13,502 14,022 7,172 5,167 5,85a 3,326 Foundry and machine- shop products. n914 1909 1904 1,887 1,695 1,415 91,820 86,821 75,681 199,364 162,414 127,846 58,771 51,366 40,664 108,989 101,011 69,036 233,616 210, 746 153,393 Iron and steel, wrought pipe. 1914 1909 1904 12 11 11 3,990 3,873 3,048 10,067 12,472 8,277 2,544 2,177 1,340 17,777- 18,291 9,621 Fur goods 1914 1909 1904 63 58 27 212 227 190 45 14 5 149 160 110 623 644 373 1,043 1,217 718 Jewelry 1914 1909 1904 117 75 43 549 456 492 319 160 164 382 292 296 820 597 483 1,693 1,275 1,040 Furnishing goods, men 's 1914 1909 1904 3 80 72 43 2,138 1,487 1,467 731 254 182 686 556, 478 3,149 2,874 1,973 4,975 4,565 3,170 Labels and tags 1914 1909 1904 16' 16 7 445 381 132 206 354 56 219 193 42 534 362 126 1,018 818 218 Furniture and refriger- ators. 1914 i909 1904 324 304 229 12,088 9,924 8,047 21,272 17,211 12,292 6,640 4,829 3,608 11,770 9,039 6,439 25,155 18, 952 12,776 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet. 1914 1909 1904 4 4 4 58 46 133 537 326 434 39 31 92 882 706 876 1,006: 845 1,089 Gas and electric fixtures 1914 1909 1904 61 75 60 1,327 1,482 1,348 1,148 1,249 783 787 765 703 1,333 1,239 835 2,864 2,962 2,543 Leather goods 1914 1909 1904 <280 156 5 134 2,738 2,524 2,522 1,264 1,107 900 1,356 1,137 1,061 3,489 3,163 2,643 6,758 5,824 5,153 and lamps and refiec- tors. Gas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 1904 99 99 90 2,796 3,119 2,882 12,552 9,374 6,582 1,420 1,501 1,478 6,440 4,099 3,143 16,745 15,840 10,809 Leather, taxmed, cur- ried, and finished. 1914 1909 1904 120 163 205 11,988 14,008 14,413 39,964 37,440 31,075 6,492 6,801 6,418 68,309 59,113 55,412 85,253. 77,926 69,428. Glass 1914 1909 1904 103 112 122 23,606 23,710 20,794 61,399 55,182 47,750 15,214 13,436 12,518 15,542 12,634 9,325 39,798 32,818 27,672 Lime 1914 1909 1904 266 348 124 3,128 3,268 2,366 8,725 8,682 4,996 1,404 1,259 892 1,393 1,038 764 3 948 3,342 2,515 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting. 1914 1909 1904 104 106 90 2,002 2,121 1,927 1,368 1,425 1,306 949 1,019 864 1,687 1,752 1,358 - 3,444 3,729 3,064 Liquors, distilled 1914 1909 1904 71 88 85 771 724 547 7,218 7,578 5,585 422 411 294 3,544 3,112 2,288 15,951 14,367 4,902 Glue, not elsewhere 1914 1909 1904 8 6 7 519 506 634 1,628 1,951 3,933 290 221 301 1,418 1,489 1,431 2,029 2,048 1,999 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 1904 215 237 225 7,512 7,234 5,864 58,147 54,360 40,519 6,321 5,453 4,072 15,703 12,610 9,277 50,36a 47,713 34,864 specified. Grease and tallow, not includmg lubricating greases. 1914 1909 1904 50 51 39 590 502 395 1,795 1,642 1,363 358, 265^ 203 2,332 2,228 1,737 3,130 3,332 2,593 Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 1904 s 2,348 2,667 1,866 21,297 26,873 27,140 98,878 113,412 93,228 11,614 13,558 13,520 24,258 27,314 24,286 49,949 57,454 56,713 1 Includes "combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber" and "ivory, shell, and bone work, not including combs and hairpins." 2 Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gasand water meters"; "hardware"; "hardware, saddlery"; "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe"; "plumbers' suppUes, not elsewhere specified"; "pumps, steam and other power"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structuraiironwork, not made m steel works or rolling mills." 3 Includes " collars and cufls, men's" and " suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods." * Includes "pocketbooks," "saddlery and harness," and "trunks and valises." 5 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills" weather strips." and "window and door screens and Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 58.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1325 INDUSTBT ABD OTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDCSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousandJ. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Marble andstonework.. Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods. Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground. Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. Oil, not elsewhere speci- fied. Optical goods.. Paint and varnish. Paper and wood pulp.. Paper goods, not else- where speofied. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Peanuts, grading, roast- ing, cleaning, and shelling. Petroleum, refining Photoengraving. Printing and publishing Roofing materials. Rubber goods, not else- where specified. Safes and vaults. Scales and balances — Shipbuilding, including boat buil(£ng. Signs and advertising novelties. 1914 1909 1904 602 596 255 7,166 9,264 4,614 27,179 29,037 11,171 $4,137 4,860 2,.611 $3,821 3,720 2,032 $10,631 11,570 6,710 1914 1909 1904 74 S3 65 986 745 760 1,746 1,102 1,143 542 361 345 1,740 1,333 1,110 3,063 2,223 2,002 1914 1909 1904 114 105 53 3,585 4,235 2,089 934 841 1,135 1,452 1,327 645 2,880 3,754 1,483 6,273 6,770 2,759 1914 1909 1904 482 485 364 1,151 968 909 1,901 1,851 1,073 711 512 410 2,230 1,411 954 5,079 4,026 2,807 1914 1909 1904 56 16 24 822 612 330 8,930 2,310 2,123 427 208 132 1,134 287 263 2,281 750 620 1914 1909 1904 28 30 J28 922 1,182 1,008 1,233 1,260 877 555 605 525 1,058 1,248 - 646 2,084 2,382 1,757 1914 1909 1904 38 37 28 477 386 252 2,213 1,944 2,025 333 242 160 7,638 6,361 4,792 12,273 10,365 10,117 1914 1909 1904 37 24 18 854 579 352 370 292 184 377 219 120 801 461 165 2,023 l,0ft3 471 1914 1909 1904 114 114 98 2,643 1,992 1,819 11,691 9,862 7,714 1,591 1,102 928 10,400 9,201 8,065 16,005 14,020 11,637 1914 1909 1904 53 62 66 7,447 6,656 6,906 75,305 66,910 64,837 3,483 3,303 2,839 16,047 11,398 8,510 25,439 19,873 15,411 1914 1909 1904 2 32 34 '28 1,408 1,357 627 1,443 1,348 549 626 638 240 2,685 2,226 986 4,558 3,719 1,662 1914 1909 1904 3 324 367 243 2,833 2,761 2,325 2,495 2,619 1,402 1,233 1,145 824 6,474 5,310 4,087 14,721 12,656 9,460 1914 1909 7 5 234 80 176 83 82 24 870 580 1,103 693 1914 1909 1904 48 41 43 4,902 2,900 4,227 37,522 35,212 11,609 3,219 1,861 2,371 44,384 47,440 38,922 62,875 63,088 47,460 1914 1909 1904 29 31 23 630 489 443 314 197 168 668 446 301 282 231 128 1,609 1,132 802 1914 1909 1904 42,538 2,461 2,162 26,909 24,696 22,328 35,659 25,839 20,029 17,701 14,335 12,093 27,478 22,753 16,074 84,977 70,584 55,063 1914 1909 17 17 566 610 3,205 1,420 339 300 2,928 2,203 4,602 3,342 1914 1909 1904 19 13 13 3,172 1,205 751 8,970 5,300 2,365 1,744 566. 366 7,299 3,242 1,313 12,177 4,686 2,220 1914 1909 1904 8 7 7 759 695 762 1,844 1,163 891 420 391 414 757 643 642 1,659 1,338 1,344 1914 1909 1904 6 5 4 375 238 206 517 329 668 245 137 119 493 375 107 1,102 732 621 1914 1909 1904 33 31 33 4,773 3,558 6,511 9,694 7,771 8,583 3,411 2,120 3,473 4,797 2,710 6,180 9,640 -6,178 10,327 1914 1909 52 26 780 487 680 608 450 201 915 782 2,083 1,525 Silk goods, including throwsters. Slaughtering and meat packing. > Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Soap. Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Stationery goods, not elsewhere specified. Steam packiag. Stoves and furnaces, In- cludrag gas and oil stoves. Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. Tin plate and temeplate. Tobacco manufactures. . Toys and games. Umbrellas and canes . . Upholstering materials, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Wall plaster. Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood distillation, not including turpentine and rosin. Wood, turned and carved. Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. Another 1914 1909 1904 284 226 168 44,765 36,469 26,915 48,915 41,962 28,390 $16,312 11,443 6,973 $48,795 36,166 24,267 1914 1909 1904 6 166 180 177 3,687 3,050 2,528 12,229 12,139 7,366 2,628 1,987 1,518 68,273 44,846 28,340 1914 1909 1904 15 24 18 177 206 240 503 666 419 121 143 150 3,318 2,978 2,280 1914 1909 1904 50 59 60 1,159 1,197 1,184 ■ 2,564 2,598 2,152 657 556 499 6,601 6,947 4,064 1914 1909 1904 17 13 11 749 1,080 654 2,161 2,614 1,970 461 591 373 1,419 2,192 1,126 1914 1909 1904 16 12 16 697 417 476 922 939 948 305 141 139 1,066 620 683 1914 1909 1904 34 31 24 1,637 1,677 1,197 6,789 5,817 4,794 905 814 533 2,705 2,981 1,680 1914 1909 1904 77 74 78 4,111 4,198 4,681 4,772 4,676 3,963 2,635 2,465 2,723 2,948 2,472 2; 302 1914 1909 1904 6 6 5 274 132 165 6,993 286 216 230 87 86 500 328 266 1914 1909 1904 13 17 19 2,368 2,346 2,421 4,259 1,566 5,805 1,785 1,339 1,207 31,934 22,898 17,590 1914 1909 1904 2, 19 J 2,432 2,808 37,370 33,1S!8 30,748 3,362 2,638 1,714 13,440 11,620 10,438 24,164 20,713 16,937 1914 1909 1904 36 23 14 1,170 714 696 1,621 743 698 49S 266 231 624 284 219 1914 1909 1904 45 46 37 2,141 2,315 2,736 1,747 1,670 1,601 916 906 842 2,963 3,148 3,319 1914 1909 1904 16 23 24 39S 437 696 1,078 1,186 1,432 208 198 293 1,001 1,344 1,694 1914 1909 1904 12 11 12 1,287 1,056 963 1,813 ■ 1,371 1,044 683 620 454 2,685 2,309 1,777 1914 1009 1904 21 23 18 226 232 232 1,333 1,413 915 125 111 130 656 402 3,40 1914 1909 1904 59 64 68 1,179 968 1,342 2,847 2,435 2,214 539 435 569 2.066 1,837 2,265 1914 1909 1904 46 60 63 1,185 933 1,249 2,514 1,749 2,297 682 ,622 598 2,218 1,684 1,709 1914 1909 1904 75 94 84 1,085 1,343 1,359 3,016 3,624 3,517 521 532 516 674 713 563 1914 1909 1904 203 217 232 24,461 27,409 24,251 44,646 50,405 39,682 10,968 10,947 8,791 44,482 54,634 37,247 1914 1909 1904 1,862 1,386 1,328 42,039 34,957 40,967 133,203 73,244 78,625 23,460 18,836 20,746 114,387 87,363 78,494 $86,939 62,061 39,334 65,981 51,851 33,101 3,612 3,677 2,755 10,098 9,124 6,959 2,458 3,715 2,285 2,118 1,169 1,020 5,003 4,987 4,059 8,040 7,409 7,696 1,158 624 561 36,796 25.234 19)342 64,213 50,161 40,897 847 630 4,470 5,060 5,133 1,458 2,037 2,399 4,153 3,696 3,023 1,048 726 753 3,409 3,070 3,512 3,417 2,960 3,093 1,585 1,791 1,469 64,409 77,447 55,934 171,167 130,513 124, 517 1 Excludes statistics tor one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes "cardboard, not made in paper mills" and "envelopes." 3 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." , , ,..,,. , ... , , * Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engravmg, steel and copper plate, inoludmg plate prmting;" and "hthographiog." 5 Includes "sausage." Digitized by Microsoft® 1326 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 58.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. DtDtrSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age niun- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. ALLENTOWN— All industries. Boots and shoes. Bread and other bakery products. Brick. Carriages and wagons and materials. Clothifag, men's . Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture , Hosiery and knit goods Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. . Printing and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters. Tobacco, cigars All other industries. ALTOONA— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Liquors, malt. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 297 274 267 225 23 20 4 4 4 87 ■ 10 7 4 4 3 «35 28 626 22 IS 9 33 47 56 87 13,685 11,481 820 724 716 180 146 130 131 141 102 32 30 31 148 169 227 53 46 65 1,012 851 805 644 529 442 275 572 400 15 18 25 135 103 46 128 137 114 31 17 11 306 190 139 4,416 3,778 2,711 1,890 1,104 992 3,471 2,926 2,028 10,732 8,409 9,540 118 45 22,219 19,101 504 365 139 265 335 646 206 423 767 501 612 629 18 147 3,304 2,808 307 152 13,297 11,638 7,682 9,158 118 55 652 730 S6,501 5,061 3,312 335 297 251 103 77 62 66 37 18 18 18 67 64 85 46 25 27 594 400 356 302 252 182 87 147 108 9 10 13 101 63 36 81 80 59 21 10 7 146 93 62 1,970 1,484 8?6 621 439 305 1,950 1,546 878 6,915 5,750 5,564 820,705 15,581 9,873 1,007 762 691 366 276 192 56 37 21 14 218 130 247 61 40 59 670 769 451 300 205 149 268 457 285 12 18 24 402 193 110 172 157 107 40 13 * 6 157 ,101 61 6,118 4,299 2,230 1,174 682 593 9,675 7,416 4,633 13,-763 9,134 7,248 238 87 $33,918 26,263 16,841 1,578 1,302 1,126 179 175 101 43 61 52 397 252 429 1,723 1,632 1,202 782 733 481 421 717 465 30 44 63 830 657 434 309 319 211 76 32 19 491 339 230 10, 210 7,456 3,901 2,695 1,446 .1,290 13,473 10,640 6,371 22,593 16,763 14,350 375 122 115 337 526 323 AiTOONA— Oontd. Lumber, planing-mill products. Printing and publishing Ail other indmtries EBIE— All industries. Brass and copper prod- ucts. Breadand other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Floiu'-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- sliop products. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work Musical instruments, organs and organ ma- terials. Printing and publish- ing. Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Tobacco, cigars. All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 363 6 390 261 4 5 42 48 28 6 4 3 '14 10 23 29 136 163 92 103 88 187 185 154 92 10,233 8,026 9,163 11,016 9,619 8,415 75 45 52 259 160 121 103 124 32 42 4,407 135 123 131 312 298 13 13 20 98 100 113 462 409 423 79 54 17 429 531 457 87 68 92 4,524 3,237 2,526 177 186 252 177 8,010 26,852 21,768 80 166 117 95 163 842 540 10,567 8,346 858 373 1,312 132 190 619 610 254 159 404 468 11,258 9,751 $68 44 102 140 87 51 6,599 6,555 5,349 6,736 4,991 4,363 45 26 33 160 91 53 31 15 9 79 65 35 24 18 13 2,806 2,389 2,180 90 90 94 207 175 148 11 12 16 62 64 77 182 230 61 31 10 267 324 264 67 41 45 2,569 1,469 1,156 $246 113 102 81 13,083 8,634 6,750 16,095 11,934 9,427 184 72 58 458 364 190 30 21 16 103 111 55 1,357 764 1,359 3,625 3,386 3,085 318 212 167 610 442 29 55 84 107 104 52 260 250 1,161 740 339 293 249 270 63 63 7,373 4,933 3,047 ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2Includes"automobilerepairmg;" "engLnes,steam, gas, and water;" "hardware;" "plumber's supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps.steam and other power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 3 Includes "boxes, wooden packing, except cigar boxes;" "lumber planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens." * Includes "bookblndiag and blank-book making." 5 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Figures do not agree with ttiose published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishmentslocated within thecorporate limits of the city. ^ Includes "stamped ware." ' Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." " Includes "engravmg, steel and copper plate, including plate printing," and "lithographing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 58— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1327 INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- ihary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHAB ITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. HAKBISBUKG— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materials. Foundry and machine- shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Liquors, malt. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Printing and publish- ing. Tobacco, cigars All other Industries. JOHNSTOWN— AH industries. Bread and other bakery products. Copper, tin. and sheet- iron products. Liquors, malt.. Lumber and timber products. Printing and publishing All other industries. . PHILADELPHIA- All industries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Belting,leather Boots and shoes, in- cluding findings. ' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 219 199 175 38 39 40 5 7 5 2 11 8 7,966 9,743 7,955 205 185 129 31 60 54 419 394 565 1,035 2,136 2,049 82 67 41 18 14 3 519 483 437 1,036 1,580 874 106 4,«21 76 4,844 63 3,803 1914 136 1909 «96 1904 82 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 67 5 3 4 4 3 «10 8 'S 15 11 24, 216 22,365 206 143 1,131 529 17,106 15,937 684 347 460 108 73 12,177 10,233 6,914 125 61 42 58 64 20 137 139 100 104 59 40 172 132 11,581 9,778 6,630 251,286 261,294 228,899 882 213 157 119 96 4,023 3, 466 3,034 4,299 4,797 116,466 116,713 160 84 $4,457 4,541 3,673 124 91 60 18 29 238 205 283 743 964 871 55 37 25 314 267 229 306 497 '2,652 2,446 1,868 8,685 6,094 3,865 1,089 1,020 918 510 147 121 114,076 114,888 465,678 366, 708 121 87 56 8,300 5,804 3,673 138,249 126,049 107,640 $10, 605 14,083 10, 327 458 362 25 37 23 253 209 316 2,966 6,157 3,562 138 105 64 43 25 15 345 264 162 561 682 494 5,816 6,242 5,475 34, 441 31, 424 19,755 $18,872 1 22, 665 16, 571 673 166 108 81 2,383 1,594 1,321 231 146 75 57 22 247 186 110 207 139 74 45 33,549 30, 862 19,420 451, 197 427, 850 333,352 1,102 317 1,098 809 424 4,375 3,703 2,943 794 601 372 63 92 75 750 610 954 4,028 7,621 4,529 368 361 248 73 57 25 1,036 954 846 1,106 1,762 1,268 10, 654 10,607 8,264 50,974 46,774 28,892 398 219 127 132 138 47 808 608 341 195 142 387 281 188 48,823 45, 133 27,880 784,500 743,720 591,388 2,425 610 1,507 1,104 642 8,864 6,517 5,386 PHILADELPHIA- Continued. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terra- ' cotta, and fire-clay products. Brooms , Brushes, other than toilet. Carpets and rugs, other than rag. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Chemicals. Clothing, men's, includ- ing smrts. Clothing, women's.. Confectionery.. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cordage and twine and jute goods. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. and finishing textiles. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Coffee and spice, roast- 1914 ing and grinding. 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5 7 7 70 65 54 46 49 9 45 1,063 1,208 1,198 34 44 45 20 22 37 69 84 91 115 90 102 10 10 15 16 23 450 466 256 434 361 183 49 61 37 134 129 76 48 44 41 "165 134 85 ' 14 8 12 "120 136 129 33 30 116 104 97 73 320 291 3,640 3,379 3,200 860 1,042 697 5,614 4,698 4,627 1,417 1,964 1,936 80 160 231 269 8,368 10,363 12,618 1,121 1,316 1,426 3,917 3,669 1,933 1,753 1,870 9,879 12, 215 8,577 15,201 13,500 7,018 498 356 362 3,039 2,891 2,669 551 733 438 2,983 2,939 3,104 1,799 1,163 1,284 8,238 9,734 9,445 1,007 883 744 3,589 3,576 2,882 59 362 1,401 1,382 1,677 1,651 4,820 4,159 3,204 3,518 133 187 10,956 11, 435 1,175 1,100 9,970 2,266 6,145 4,875 2,388 2,472 2,429 1,955 1,714 1,195 3,255 1,699 627 729 2,107 2,074 4,324 2,260 12,787 14, 160 1,401 2,086 7,269 7,037 $32 125 90 1,333 1,113 959 573 625 394 3,244 2,592 2,386 769 1,131 1,091 62 93 124 130 4,294 4,722 5,426 802 839 832 3,117 2,527 2,164 1,150 1,046 1,109 5,181 5,962 3,773 7,482 6,674 2,964 268 178 197 1,159 1,008 832 318. 344 242 1,762 1,569 1,494 777 429 434 4,052 4,411 3,712 545 636 376 1,997 1,829 1,366 $63 323 203 2,060 1,631 1,268 2,844 2,618 1,396 12,924 11,650 8,344 661 689 499 128 381 385 12,741 13,375 15, 560 701 901 775 3,107 2,416 2,207 8,137 6,519 5,484 14,821 14,488 12,293 18,712 16,666 6,933 3,603 3,600 1,600 4,727 4,340 3,356 1,210 1,449 1,038 3,964 4,331 2,714 2,135 3,048 9,782 12,316 9„168 606 495 3,901 2,413 1,671 $110 643 394 4,670 3,822 3,037 3,936 4,057 2,428 21,809 19,018 14,440 1,963 2,708 2,347 219 413 711 719 20, 587 22, 629 26,233 2,067 2,458 2,183 6,547 5,318 4,673 11,445 9,643 8,452 29,153 29,001 23,642 34,143 30,133 12,871 5,163 4,563 2,399 8,120 7,315 5,557 1,827 2,214 1,673 7,670 7,493 5,470 4,875 3,326 4,121 19,383 22,303 17,463 1,956 1,686 1,301 7,597 6,327 4,371 1 Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because certain establishments revised their reports for that census. 2 Includes "automobile repairing," and "engines, steam, gas, and water." 1 Less than $500. t Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corpo- rate limits ol the city. 6 Includes "enameled ware." » Includas "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." ' Excludes statistics for one estabushment, to avoid disclosure ofindividual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them to exclude data for some establishments not located within the corporate limits of the city. » Excludes statistics for three establishments, to avoid disclosure ofindividual operations. i» Includes "stamped ware" and "tinware." u includes "cottoniace." Digitlzed by Mlcrosoft® 1328 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 58— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CTTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age nimi- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. mDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PHILADELPHIA- Continued. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Fancy articles, not else- where specified. Fertilizers. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations. ; . Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflec- tors. Glass. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats, straw.. Hosiery and knit goods. Ice, manufactured Ink, printing. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Jewelry Leather goods. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Liquors, malt.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 61 46 40 132 42 33 6 6 5 18 28 14 64 66 45 544 440 49 47 25 159 147 9 7 200 177 151 34 31 32 82 52 35 <136 84 6 70 33 41 43 39 48 51 2,489 1,769 1,636 614 719 600 766 764 580 125 89 95 881 817 574 16,126 17, 102 16,310 152 ISl 181 4,491 3,393 2,910 1,096 1,146 920 1,112 1,313 686 404 432 5,863 5,825 3,560 343 400 267 18,002 16,999 13,286 627 635 407 151 166 4,968 4,821 3,746 346 295 394 1,884 1.707 1,743 4,821 6,972 6,108 1,767 1,857 1,652 4,540 2,693 207 341 2,290 3,020 1,267 1,116 1,641 1,531 26,963 23,687 5,139 3,870 879 350 419 6,222 4,163 8,615 7,962 14,457 11,703 341 483 74,246 27,009 223 110 674 430 9,518 8,664 13,023 1,661 13,368 1,443 1,351 11,393 923 773 269 296 181 414 376 279 600 402 10,856 10,109 9,291 106 129 105 2,945 1,940 1,577 637 604 621 559 656 368 188 173 3,634 3,101 1,754 162 214 112 7,699 6,753 4,291 382 375 250 106 105 73 2,881 2.774 2,003 254 186 241 781 727 2,8 S4,405 3,241 2,878 ,535 546 324 3,080 3,054 1,972 2,233 2,624 - 1,666 3,149 2,013 1,304 16,280 16,859 12,863 426 484 360 4,847 3,731 2,187 931 813 399 498 362 746 413 296 3,262 3,563 1,885 403 237 17,829 12,870 7,817 568 624 363 823 623 4,446 6,588 3,742 666 427 398 2,341 2,141 1,937 18,296 17, 140 17,732 4,151 ,3,933 3,441 $8,869 7,066 1,181 1,281 772 4,380 4,268 2,597 2,871 2,877 1,906 4,630 3,331 2,400 38,047 38,234 32,965 794 1,002 677 11,148 8,062 6,462 2,003 2,177 2,136 1,148 1,367 1,294 1,484 803 637 9,914 10,402 5,848 1,011 872 655 31,350 23,971 15,825 1,844 1,663 1,188 1,052 1,060 684 10,169 11,789 7,095 1,147 884 854 4,494 3,994 3,671 23,657 23,526 23,903 13,908 14, 257 12,316 PHILADELPHIA— Continued. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work . . Mattresses and spring beds. Millinery and lace goods Oil, not elsewhere speci- fied. Optical goods.. Faint and varnish. PapSr and wood pulp. . Paper goods, not where specified. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Photo-engraving, . Pickles, preserves, and sauces. Printing and publishing Safes and vaults. Silk goods, including throwsters. Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap. Steam packing. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Tobacco manufactures. Umbrellas and canes.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8 93 98 75 80 98 71 34 727 31 25 8 146 174 108 14 16 12 19 23 14 »936 931 756 32 31 i»58 81 96 27 32 31 16 15 11 21 20 17 426 496 617 27 31 24 3,188 3,248 2,416 869 1,619 1,228 394 309 348 2,199 2,770 1,451 270 141 92 378 291 210 1,624 1,197 1,054 1,437 1,301 1,089 1,319 1,311 . 620 2,077 2,140 1,923 480 397 287 397 628 299 14,759 13,681 12,333 225 245 310 3,391 3,066 2,681 1,318 1,109 795 912 799 813 187 193 725 649 918 6,961 6,545 5,646 1,069 1,166 1,394 9,026 7,872 2,199 2,662 471 370 1,138 483 156 110 5,566 4,027 12,510 10,645 1,180 1,213 1,714 2,012 218 105 540 723 19,257 12,267 731 418 2,658 2,156 3,152 3,004 1,594 1,520 257 413 776 891 654 1,494 1,342 SI, 906 1,812 1,256 673 1,089 852 226 138 170 990 956 491 172 82 44 206 123 75 925 689 557 761 629 606 579 518 238 897 897 660 531 381 224 185 226 123 10, 033 8,249 6,821 153 160 ■ 186 1,583 1,235 959 948 793 510 652 388 360 106 100 45 447 444 561 2,923 2,650 2,296 618 506 495 $4,460 4,453 2,906 1,110 1,432 747 667 522 1,907 2,773 1,134 2,589 1,449 542 405 273 90 6,261 5,194 4,778 2,949 2,352 1,640 2,488 2,161 976 4,763 4,087 3,258 185 85 1,453 1,772 553 18,507 16,387 10,772 276 288 193 4,232 3,472 2,852 23,663 19,781 11,296 5,071 3,349 566 215 813 702 752 6,374 5,390 3,279 976 1,060 1,321 $7,775 7,703 6,243 2,321 3,464 2,476 1,268 1,069 4,023 5,062 2,132 3,422 1,935 759 1,188 621 9,655 8,045 5,034 4,122 2,921 4,195 3,597 1,651 10,855 9,423 7,371 1,172 917 547 2,108 2,638 887 65,340 45,807 36,205 557 493 491 8,237 6,502 5,079 26,484 22, 079 12,922 9,024 7,319 5,770 1,136 407 1,818 1,850 1,966 12,733 13,429 8,666 1,859 2,076 1 Includes " combs and hairpins not made from metal or rubber " and "ivory, shell, and bone work, not including combs and hairpins." 2 Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water:" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "hardware, saddlery;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" "pumps, steam and other power;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." 3 Excludes statistics for six establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ^ Includes "pocketbooks;" "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises." ^ Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 6 Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens and weatherstrips." ' Includes " cardboard, not made in paper mills," and ' 'envelopes." 8 Includes "uerfumerv nnri nnsmp.tip« " 9 Includes "perfumery and cosmetics.' 8 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "Includes "»»"==""" 'engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 68.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909; AND 19(M^Continued. 1329 INDDSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber ol estab- lish- ments. Wage (ave> age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Stressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PHILADELPHIA.- Continued. Wallpaper Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats. Another PITTSBUH.GH- indus tries. -AU Boxes and cartons, pa- per. ^ Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terra- cotta, and fire-clay products. Brooms and brushes and repairs. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- roadxcmpanies. Chemicals Clothing, men's, includ- ing smrts. Clothing, women's. Confectionery. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Co_pper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and sup- plies. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas and electric ' fix- tures and lamps and reflectors. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 I 129 131 1130 1,375 1,274 1,146 1,741 2 1,658 1,562 7 15 12 12 15 242 248 208 15 5 11 16 16 HO 12 115 <65 48 35 21 13 112 6 184 156 151 16 11 11 8 16 14 485 454 471 17,051 19, 177 16,822 43,873 43, 147 48,980 69,620 67,420 71,618 213 214 169 481 629 527 2,563 2,009 1,872 835 727 829 184 100 109 432 4,926 4,313 4,585 52 48 58 900 866 787 174 907 613 325 129 168 172 471 697 1,161 862 537 10,026 8,635 9,733 468 315 270 267 233 107 470 625 28,966 33,428 121,522 98,656 308,823 307,216 188 165 1,640 2,756 2,722 2,222 3,450 3,464 130 165 697 726 4,050 340 802 549 114 144 691 349 1,402 1,640 21,632 18,911 $261 196 219 7,891 7,996 6,160 24,396 22,860 25,076 45,068 39,939 39,805 428 212 76 62 46 320 379 287 1,330 1,048 933 ■846 353 112 57 58 216 216 321 3,752 3,052 2,895 46 32 30 414 342 291 29 24 97 336 210 118 61 94 94 451 297 404 674 433 261 6,940 5,967 5,728 328 188 176 176 95 37 t976 1,047 741 31,221 37,869 25,574 124,891 122,234 111,466 149,915 148,507 124,581 148 2,503 2,373 1,783 5,007 4,472 3,525 347 162 143 200 227 241 4,992 4,967 2,884 313 392 270 1,075 1,122 859 58 80 208 1,991 1,282 601 297 349 300 495 896 2,212 1,843 1,074 12,972 10,653 9,382 772 440 192 255 262 143 tl,455 1,732 1,415 45,980 54,922 39,258 185,500 181, 106 169,866 246,694 243,392 211,259 215 140 3,176 3,188 2,462 9,363 8,054 6,302 1,008 1,062 1,114 542 325 374 569 582 763 9,707 8,556 6,107 434 631 351 1,970 1,950 1,428 121 134 430 2,859 1,853 1,048 420 567 493 1,965 1,121 1,618 3,970 3,324 1,797 27,778 22,772 20,757 1,444 900 587 559 467 PITTSBTTRGH— Continued. Ice, manu&ctured. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Jewelry., Leather goods. Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Faint and varnish . Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces. Printing and publishing. Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing. Soap.. Stoves and furnaces, in- cluding gas and oil stoves. Surgical appliances and artificialumbs. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 25 25 25 11 6 4 m 12 9 3 6 6 10 12 11 '33 40 42 23 25 16 »278 254 211 4 3 4 12 14 8 21 4 7 16 13 9 '9 6 9 16 1,312 1,171 1,908 457 196 1,379 1,383 1,439 19,414 23,560 25,745 101 77 68 138 124 103 144 244 408 840 873 742 503 645 788 124 285 219 223 124 196 252 291 101 114 136 125 77 59 2,105 1,710 1,406 3,104 2,805 2,773 146 90 113 J, 042 841 138 243 163 250 233 115 48 42 42 1,258 915 5,075 6,384 38,642 50,768 170,508 156,512 355 846 6,591 2,346 2,836 621 709 478 261 1,173 1,760 123 1,811 4,952 4,173 210 130 3,168 3,391 438 488 276 256 $891 131 227 1,180 1,053 836 13,282 14,455 14,910 73 55 42 76 64 60 90 139 224 710 686 560 376 433 543 94 194 156 161 124 115 138 143 66 51 63 119 55 52 917 615 496 2,305 1,960 1,877 107 62 63 738 553 575 54 104 72 162 133 53 19 37 28 $472 449 748 207 199 146 14,020 16,038 12,581 40,203 55,887 50,667 107 88 63 168 136 120 993 914 1,767 1,267 1,222 1,141 960 1,165 94 337 183 1,228 1,740 1,514 378 313 475 51 41 13 5,187 2,392 2,882 3,263 2,669 2,156 117 87 64 16,175 11,466 8,345 297 458 347 147 161 103 26 20 7 $1,816 1,443 •2,131 952 95S 815 16,982 20,668 15,500 61,008 82,307 77,440 261 183 128 335 260 243 1,098 1,162 1,640 5,200 5,420 4,083 1,888 1,694 2,231 279 934 690 335 1,872 2,419 2,127 929 898 1,019 286 187 127 11,492 6,202 6,217 10,825 9,071 7,789 303 ■206 220 17,947 13,107 9,995 590 1,207 627 454 416 243 125 111 71 ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Figures do not agree with those pfiblished because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the ooroorate limits of the city. 3 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Includes " tinware, not elsewhere specified." .'Includes "automobile repairing;" "gasandwatermeters and regulators;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified; " "pumps, steam; " "steam nttmes and steam and hot- water heating apparatus; " and " structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolUhg mills." 'Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and vaUses." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, planing-mill products;" and "window and door screens and weather strips." ' Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." ' Includes "bookbindng and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "Uthographing." 82101°— 18 84 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1330 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 58.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTBT AND aTT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages, Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PITTSBURGH— Continued. Tobacco manufactures. . Tools, not elsewhere specified. All other industries HEADING— All indus- tries. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boxes, cigar. Boxes and cartons, pa- per. Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. Brooms and brushes. . . Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-rail- road companies. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Dyehig and finishing textiles. Foundry and machine- shop products. Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Liquors, malt.. Lumber, planing-mill products. Marble and stone work. Optical goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 ,1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 186 215 243 11 15 ■10 319 271 482 402 7 10 S 5 3 4 4 4 3 137 37 36 38 38 27 2,978 3,065 3,144 207 244 402 10,343 8,362 8,778 24,131 24,145 18,053 400 355 164 79 108 91 149 145 139 93 67 186 414 342 294 33 47 41 221 290 250 2,960 2,628 2,572 561 385 379 22 13 31 121 272 135 2,860 2,832 2,810 4,258 4,396 ^813 2,703 3,011 2,084 119 105 92 267 222 171 84 91 56 415 273 135 263 213 465 638 29,976 25,628 46,702 43,193 36 133 115 410 146 224 4,422 5,752 827 665 625 3,845 3,389 2,524 2,097 13,892 11,209 1,800 1,555 834 722 164 179 170 $1,014 844 944 121 152 218 6,541 4,444 4,487 11,885 11,011 7,265 223 187 91 27 55 60 35 56 30 73 213 191 137 18 16 16 126 145 105 2,050 1,681 1,476 182 96 84 15 9 18 54 84 51 1,321 1,384 1,630 1,323 721 1,621 1,670 1,081 ' 131 73 68 135 106 88 55 53 38 139 $1,410 1,172 1,084 160 217 361 27,268 21,675 16,088 31,386 29,848 16,709 471 314 133 49 62 55 90 79 47 156 91 138 642 636 373 61 88 39 178 163 205 3,925 3,767 2,719 857 600 427 22 15 18 114 134 70 1,765 1,716 1,200 3,593 2,132 1,164 3,811 5,350 3,437 484 349 267 375 306 253 48 47 40 276 139 52 $3,857 3,615 3,986 434 573 757 40,634 34,496 27,175 53,232 51,135 30,491 - 1,031 666 269 91 1(28 114 172 164 105 239 149 273 1,109 950 676 159 72 376 413 6,098 5,661 4,275 1,569 1,047 781 49 33 47 20 29 IS 4,363 3,889 2,991 6,601 4,551 2,540 6,279 8,190 4,818 1,443 1,417 1,168 614 647 401 132 156 103 684 339 191 READma— Contd. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists^ preparations. Printing and publishing Saddlery and harness.. Tobacco manufactures. Woolen goods and wool hats. All other industries. . SCRANTON— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons and materi^s. Clothing, women's.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Liquors, malt.. Lumber, planing-mill products. Printing and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters. Tobacco manufactures. All other industries. . WILEES-BARRE— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 • 37 37 34 5 5 3 78 81 81 5 5 <3 137 123 90 308 293 258 37 38 25 12 13 110 »16 20 113 4 5 4 9 9 10 • 49 48 43 19 15 10 24 28 '32 120 98 188 176 129 6 15 12 324 276 240 74 23 1,774 1,403 1,528 534 494 297 5,726 6,311 3,510 12,559 12, 851 10,912 244 192 199 197 129 420 421 149 55 48 31 19 41 553 1,083 1,040 321 281 149 255 389 342 811 688 529 3,330 3,814 3,061 379 264 133 5,780 5,503 5,116 8,107 7,553 5,920 196 129 25 18 24 483 35S 84 734 15,062 14,925 24,994 20,564 294 200 319 294 54 103 330 1,637 2,467 1,322 1,172 755 737 777 700 5,133 4,738 178 135 14,178 9,745 11,867 12,109 170 126 157 270 $3 6 6 224 199 122 6 24 8 786 563 695 208 237 116 2,602 2,759 1,300 6,040 5,146 4,428 243 118 106 103 63 122' 128 65 42 22 35 6 20 356 667 540 271 214 110 156 212 199 679 354 976 976 607 127 88 52 2,927 2,358 3,836 3,323 2,496 118 109 67 11 10 16 $32 33 9 200 162 110 12 1,616 1,282 1,056 319 740 302 12,290 11,680 4,571 15,799 * 14, 282 11,253 656 479 331 139 150 74 42 31 21 614 189 828 S48 853 704 638 509 264 375 603 490 445 292 4,138 4,640 3,287 349 268 64 7,181 5,830 4,830 8,014 6,433 5,265 $57 67 41 743 564 • 28 128 43 3,000 2,574 2,484 911 1,315 484 17,398 17,655 7,477 28,722 < 26, 365 20,453 422 418 287 208 293 273 ,129 769 572 315 331 200 550 169 112 67 35 754 227 948 1,569 2.218 1,902 2,458 1,947 1,227 732 933 2,079 1,309 1,098 5,755 6,631 4,427 735 618 178 12,387 •10,767 8,809 16,734 13,526 11,000 723 660 446 237 332 315 1 Excludes statistics tor one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes " automobile repairing; " "hardware; " "iron and steel, cast-iron pipe; " "plumbers' suppUes, not elsewhere specified; " "steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus; " and " structural ironwork, not made in steel works or"rdlling" mills." » Includes "Bookbinding and blank-book making." ' Figures do not agree with those published in 1909 because certain establishments revised their reports for that census, s Includes "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel worl • Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making" and "lithographing." ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoii' " ' ' ' works or rolling mills." )ld-disclosure of individual onecations. rt ^-^ Uigmzea oy Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 58.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1331 njDUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- Expressed in thousands. INDUSTBY AND aTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF fiO,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. \7IX,KES-BAIIBE— Continued. Lumber, planing-mill products, not includ- mg planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Printing and pubUsh- ing. 1914 7 90 271 S64 $101 1183 1909 6 90 205 41 98 193 1914 33 420 346 289 264 925 1909 3X 327 320 206 206 766 1904 22 278 158 137 570 WILKES-BAHRE— Continued. Silk goods, including throwsters. All other industries . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5 6 3 118 101 87 1,594 1,083 918 5,750 5,839 4,571 1,891 1,866 9,032 9,322 $389 247 195 2,965 2,710 2,061 $748 407 649 6,271 5,011 3,919 $1,625 1,066 1,055 13,041 10,609 8,614 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Beayeb Falls- Bethlehem. Bbaddock . Beadfoed . BriLEB. Cabbondale . Cabusle . Caenegie. Ceambessbubg. Colttmbla . Connellsville.. T>CBOIS Ddnmoee. E ASTON Geeensbubg.. Hazleton Homestead... Lancastee... Lebanon McKeespobt. McKees Rocks. Mahanoy City.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 ^909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 80 >60 48 50 50 48 19 '18 59 57 47 153 128 131 61 47 44 42 39 34 136 32 24 2 18 15 118 126 97 53 M6 76 77 62 30 26 27 304 1305 300 97 109 103 73 68 75 39 '30 33 33 29 2,639 2,180 2,232 1,496 1,583 1,140 1,040 1,225 1,178 1,318 1,490 3,303 2,807 2,093 1,897 1,503 1,475 1,603 1,334 1,340 337 337 1,650 1,364 843 6,295 6,986 7,061 2,141 2,773 3,034 1,087 1,035 1,105 920 900 948 1,019 1,133 4,062 3,388 2,720 494 270 2,744 2,682 1,406 260 171 307 8,862 7,955 8,693 6,270 6,591 4,387 6,857 8,246 8,848 3,548 3,554 661 690 238 7,327 5,141 2,485 3,086 3,957 3,856 13,875 11,885 2,196 1,407 2,375 1,735 1,342 1,145 3,741 3,126 19,160 17, 131 4,146 3,205 4,626 3,130 3,174 1,731 1,266 7,272 6,965 1,043 533 3,334 3,112 1,276 14,655 10,027 22,201 21,717 55,599 49,935 11,634 8,522 833 753 $1,616 1,218 1,123 632 593 804 785 756 687 666 841 2,061 1,661 1,114 "945 636 606 701 511 411 231 220 755 599 312 3,606 3,392 3,417 825 1,107 943 689 576 686 484 459 464 2,278 1,524 1,180 462 147 1,217 940 434 178 111 171 4,067 3,236 3,089 2,370 2,441 1,791 5,248 6,031 5,521 2,419 2,280 255 166 $4,222 3,015 2,242 2,262 2,330 2,651 3,347 2,738 2,617 2,442 1,593 11,005 7,581 4,660 1,531 1,253 1,113 2,073 1,431 1,129 902 627 1,547 1,170 569 13,101 11,576 10,422 1,855 2,671 2,453 789 817 1,245 829 961 477 628 550 4,671 3,424 2,684 ^ 536 313 3,271 2,702 1,130 459 322 265 11,139 8,803 7,598 5,109 6,778 3,279 20,917 27,296 12,310 3,955 5,358 413 383 133 $7,963 6,400 4.908 3,787 3,712 4,022 5,094 4,125 4,034 3,887 3,192 15,006 11,034 6,832 3,170 2,523 2,316 3,416 2,496 1,986 1,724 1,184 3,075 2,466 1,085 21,021 19,373 16,645 3,341 4,807 3,887 1,994 1,971 2,395 1,753 1,709 1,269 1,494 1,460 10,357 6,915 5,059 1,382 687 5,594 4,707 2,186 1,019 659 713 20,011 16,934 14,648 9,871 11,429 6,978 33,743 42,495 23,064 7,894 9,582 1,057 868 431 Meadville. Mount Cabmel. . Nanticoze. New Castle. Noeeistown Oil City Phoenixville PiTTSTON Plymouth pottstown Pottsville Shamoein Sharon Shenandoah South Bethlehem Sunbuey Uniontown. Waeken Washington West Chestee. Wilkinsbueg. . Williamsport. Yoek 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 57 159 52 30 20 19 35 116 12 95 2 82 71 105 111 84 34 31 31 39 40 40 17 23 23 77 177 77 115 190 79 61 39 48 48 144 37 46 29 30 43 49 46 44 39 32 43 41 72 72 63 64 173 55 35 36 29 24 30 176 1154 116 247 1214 228 1,676 2,036 1,300 978 600 197 747 344 229 6,381 5,621 5,433 3,959 3,818 3,517 2,276 1,283 1,657 2,927 2,699 2,888 729 792 830 478 908 827 2,622 3,619 3,457 3,506 2,808 1,904 2,634 1,623 897 2,298 2,545 1,812 475 242 170 10,892 7,985 5,754 1,718 2,069 1,457 776 336 1,876 1,489 1,174 2,002 1,896 894 916 849 194 185 184 6,015 5,694 6,296 10,851 9,836 7,962 2,896 2,457 407 796 437 71,118 64,897 5,713 4,447 2,467 19,081 16, 162 2,102 2,133 963 1,412 18,678 17,420 25,978 15,232 2,706 1,862 18,762 22,192 1,497 1,382 117,017 31,562 3,091 2,835 2,195 1,620 4,347 3,960 4,016 2,891 1,678 934 1,094 1,016 12,041 11,628 18,965 14,799 $879 969 602 287 144 79 183 118 65 6,058 4,024 3,430 1,819 1,663 1,316 1,669 872 1,543 1,180 1,314 354 316 307 173 281 210 1,156 1,722 1,616 1,474 1,276 759 1,030 499 260 1,640 1,600 997 209 134 100 7,389 4,973 2,763 912 1,118 678 488 225 1,244 836 645 1,217 1,009 637 478 412 144 129 127 3,190 2,478 2,026 5,031 4,200 3,039 $1,866 1,674 964 709 416 427 417 176 160 29,547 31,134 21,212 4,424 3,274 2,867 2,041 1,380 1,334 3,789 3,717 3,023 787 1,067 728 441 704 447 6,199 8,998 6,438 7,111 6,824 4,025 3,666 2,129 1,026 3,551 3,791 3,791 912 336 181 22,621 15,967 7,261 2,782 2,228 1,702 772 379 5,761 3,676 2,719 2,844 2,062 773 667 674 262 262 235 8,625 6,992 6,016 11,161 8,304 6,480 $5,058 3,498 2,075 1,280 786 620 995 415 368 38,385 38,341 28,923 8,421 2 7, 325 6,925 4,872 2,956 3,082 6,239 6,876 6,500 1,900 1,969 1,475 831 1,179 860 8,866 12,602 8,145 10,198 8,979 6,806 5,642 3,544 1,444 6,373 5,962 6,671 1,573 888 595 40,179 26,417 15,275 5,116 4,450 2,593 2,237 1,347 8,611 5,744 4,666 5,094 4,311 2,085 2,146 2,121 572 638 472- 15,864 13,202 11,367 22,043 17,650 13,333 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to corporate limits of the city. r^irt'fH-7£ ' ' ' " > Figures do not agree with those published in 1909{JMMm bUK dude data only for those establishments located witlrin the ^rts for that census. 1332 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agricultural implements Ammunition Artificial flowers Artificial limbs ■. Artificial stone products Artists' materials Asbestos products, not including steam packing. Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder Babbitt and type metal . White metal Solder Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills. Baking powders Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . Belting, leather Belting, woven Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe out stock Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Paper boxes and cartons. . Allother...; v- Boxes, wooden pacMng .V . Brass, bronze, and copper products. Brass and bronze Copper , . All other Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers All other ; Brick and tile, terrarcotta, and fire- clay products. ^ Building brick Sewer pipe and draintile Fire brick and stove lining Tile, other than draintile Architectural and fireproofing terra cotta. Brooms From broom com All other Brushes Paint and varnish Another Butter Buttons Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables and fruits Dried fruits Card cutting and designing Cardboard, not made in paper mills. Carpets and rugs, other than rag Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad compames. 27,521 1,060,562 38 8 17 19 114 58 22 270 61 20 10 4 6 39 15 4 5 14 6 122 6 131 63 133 130 3 107 95 7 5 2,987 19 2,968 356 237 12 92 4 11 80 77 3 46 287 21 35 29 6 19 633 566 67 163 2,395 376 411 86 694 135 637 1,688 1,983 2,099 355 239 180 41 18 281 24 298 282 169 78 128 28 2,367 202 64 14,248 1,844 5,649 5,634 15 2,021 2,400 1,933 326 141 20,421 3,400 17,021 18, 894 8,572 904 8,592 255 571 662 643 19 496 172 324 1,112 1,235 613 580 33 183 668 10,155 605 2,439 531 5,244 4,952 292 3,138 58,079 28,034 25,347 64,95917,744 924,478 Mh 962, 114 No 873, 138 34 10 21 18 137 7 3 58 5 304 11 15 « 121 4 121 78 127 124 3 67 100 93 7 3,152 10 3,142 232 9 42 1 5 4 50 3 47 247 21 47 14 21 5 61 81 61 7 760 681 79 15 1 76 9 1 298 30 162 162 62 133 108 12 13 267 47 220 587 234 25 241 9 28 19 19 27 10 17 80 27 23 21 2 5 22 153 21 SS 22 124 122 2 78 978 228 7 9 91 220 21 84 7 1 426 27 121 121 -58 173 131 1,359 606 853 465 160 14 250 17 24 26 26 65 21 133 122 114 85 2,331 219 16 1 21 54 47 2 5 486 87 399 41 2,018 335 368 55 501 79 562 1,440 1,643 1,603 238 157 123 26 246 8 238 189 131 55 72 19 2,032 177 53 13,184 1,693 5,140 5,129 11 1,813 1,940 1,554 272 114 15, 157 2,750 12,407 17,412 7,827 850 8,002 226 507 514 499 15 385 144 241 713 1,154 528 511 17 145 543 9,569 478 2,176 463 4,194 3,993 201 2,972 54,729 Mh No ^P Ap^ Jy Fe< Fe De An 2,205 383 385 57 715 603 1,593 2,076 1,700 My 362 142 30 Oo Je* (») No 262 (s) 8 Se 283 Ja 192 My 142 De 60 Mh< 78 Ja' 22 Jy 2, 168 Ja 198 Fe 59 Fe 13,465 Oe 1, 738 Oc 5,270 Je< 13 Mh 1,922 My 1,601 Ap 277 Fe 128 Ap 2,876 Oo 12,544 Au 9,150 Je 916 Ap 8,489 Je 241 Oc 567 No 561 15 Ja Mh 147 253 Au 764 Ap 1,239 Se 1,688 Oo 80 Mh 151 No 595 Mh 10, 195 De 511 Ja 2,399 De 513 My 4,266 Je 226 Je 3,039 Ja 58,495 No 1,714 Ap 296 Au Se< Ja ^y Oc 360 S3 302 73 516 Ja 1,204 Oo 1,468 Ja 1,416 Ja 184 Ja Ja< (*) Ja il Se De 221 197 186 117 Jy 51 N6< 63 De 8 Au 1,928 Au 166 Se 49 My 12, 909 Je 1,666 Au 4,975 De 7 De 1,697 No 1,493 No 261 Se 93 Ja 12,188 Fe 5,745 Fe 751 De 6,986 De 211 Ap 439 Je 465 15 De 140 Jy 233 Fe 669 No 1,042 Fe De Ja 13 134 Fe 497 No 8,827 Jy< 463 No 1,979 Jy 330 De 3,676 No* 169 De 2,888 Je 53,397 m 1,812 365 363 55 574 79 555 1,626 1,567 1,578 259 162 130 24 251 270 189 123 60 83 19 2,049 173 57 13, 262 1,705 5,118 5,106 12 1,778 1,950 1,571 278 101 15,434 2,711 12,723 17,558 8,552 875 7,380 210 541 561 646 15 376 135 241 705 1,094 1,730 1,643 87 148 561 9,501 522 2,047 494 4,080 3,874 206 2,890 53,805 o_ 1,799 90 .69 52 573 61 522 1,604 1,542 1,574 170 155 130 17 8 120 228 180 62 58 44 9 976 120 36 8,004 717 1,488 1,481 7 1,627 1,914 1,542 278 94 12,795 1,418 11,377 17,212 8,471 875 7,220 144 602 609 494 15 315 112 203 573 670 637 33 306 6,150 403 2,023 444 4,049 3,844 205 2,878 53,645 m 264 270 2 15 119 36 1 54 2 37 10 996 18 4,458 860 3,038 3,033 5 19 28 21 7 2,344 1,172 1,172 100 S3 21 32 14 438 910 866 54 58 225 1,033 76 "32 16 16 (») 50 10 1 444 42 113 113 131 173 17 156 237 81 149 5 2 X') 2 356 479 479 122 104 18 s '"'i' 2 45 38 67 83 67 83 I 29 1 156 162 26 17 24 18 15 14 1 2 13 13,149,411,089 10,594,938 253,893 270,586 104,622 940, 101 285,439 2,476,030 3,148,617 7,368,899 2,323,948 469, 127 1,092,766 933,128 126, 277 33,360 752,400 33,190 269, 271 1,042,4.56 923,047 197,800 252,472 65,843 2,546,775 668,211 64,062 15,817,846 1,474,543 4,888,279 4,884,864 3,415 3,450,588 8,798,223 6,521,567 1,689,558 687,098 36,089,443 10,323,357 25,766,086 49,239,795 18,966,640 2,016,844 26,617,487 394, S60 1,245,274 829,333 814,200 15,133 807,391 343,806 463,686 2,760,391 1,656,971 1,051,675 1,039,596 12,079 253,339 2,045,272 28,378,978 483,098 4,764,743 836,285 8,728,531 8,356,159 373,372 3,004,720 53,098,200 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented ^@/^A2®®f e)^¥c /\///CrOS®^^@Siven for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1333 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. , Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments re_port- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in= temal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- glnes.i In- ternal- com- hus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 861,991,063 143,443 30,363 10,000 7,178 40,574 18,481 66,613 145,450 143,883 80,855 16,146 44,812 43,062 1,000 750 17,164 1,876 8,612 46,862 18,820 25,361 1,000 141,944 17,900 1,600 709,571 37,166 287,166 287,166 125,298 342,603 274,290 36,833 31,480 529,284 148,803 380,481 1,045,650 421,965 57,562 506,096 17,504 -43,523 28,368 382,619^422 302,562 9,629 17,966 4,067 23,239 35,238 34,545 112,268 212,978 94,256 28,594 39,275 32,653 6,052 570 7,571 6,191 9,479 60,643 31,675 9,645 25,099 880 122,614 10,627 1,000 586,629 26,608 167,027 166,227 800 66,296 i235,025 160,622 61,952 12,551 1,672,686 709,938 962,747 535,433 163,071 19,158 27,017 45,910 19,650 26,260 63,646 28,661 28,42/ 237 6,356 82, 518 616,277 13, 144 92,067 30,480 204,607 201,435 3,172 89,931 1,578,283 28,602 14,269 14,34? 33,167 8,067 8,067 12,450 88,114 427, 769 15,481 117, 133 31,214 147,372 139,726 7,646 85,538 2,127,817 $527,952,517 1,121.427 100;208 152,917 48,454 316,846 30,639 278,463 977,079 1,169,694 1,285,035 152,298 101,266 80,951 16,641 3,674 95,648 4,183 120,780 128,606 57,000 28,528 32,603 6,841 1,008,196 69,648 24,582 6,118,873 562,158 1,825,744 1,820,318 5,426 1,259,963 1,011,352 170,729 77,882 8,514,007 956, 769 7,557,238 8,869,014 4,184,598 578,333 3,753,483 102,391 260,209 264,500 256,070 8,430 203,691 88,682 115,009 409,708 476,649 133,368 129,5.53 3,805 86,298 236,099 4,798,257 175,741 1,198,925 236,404 2,581,202 2,442,690 138,512 2,070,115 38,863,036 $20,604,279 240 97 2,666 916 22,606 4,315 20,288 3,624 67,596 1,987 150 350 '37,' 774' 49,569 659 2,379 2,379 5,393 16,234 16,234 14,146 "i4,'i46' 113,073 81, 766 4,398 9,261 17,648 850 850 8,903 9,514 2,622 2,622 340,360 4,496 1,166 22,290 21,611 679 8,520 10,765 * Same number reported for one or more $15,208,457 1,392 300 10,477 10,688 14,814 4,145 2,724 79,490 48,714 160,215 22,467 7,144 5,446 900 4,520 3,594 8,338 22, 132 17,540 3,860 3,301 444 119,353 3,845 2,445 110,053 11,853 796 23,594 ■ 32,137 26,576 4,072 2,490 614,495 49,480 465,015 67,483 55,655 - 12 7,492 364 3,980 8,374 7,684 690 17,611 9,022 8,589 13,124 27,966 608 12 12,376 8,500 104,845 12,236 5,152 2,460 89,991 81,504 8,487 1,950 137,247,556 $1,549,582,864 26,551 373 603 762 4,366 10,158 17,026 11,213 1,232 1,421 1,160 182 79 1,306 59 912 3,062 2,369 1,289 689 350 3,004 1,481 186 32,295 4,379 14,649 14,649 16,196 33,418 25,251 5,624 1,543 225,643 45, 518 180,125 199,690 83,728 10,893 97,706 970 6,393 4,862 4,843 19 1,818 399 1,419 13,929 4,356 1,873 1,797 76 413 5,057 66,094 1,954 15,835 2,921 42,526 39,624 2,902 5,082 90,231 $139,337,862 $2,832,349,437 $1,143,428,721 3,549,858 2,922,616 237,728 1,801,404 174, 122 329,549 42,126 372,839 136,163 774,775 1,313,594 4,124,102 1,183,300 496,418 1,146,984 990,906 99,797 58,281 513,697 24,424 183,045 1,285,700 335,674 to, 784 306,924 49,087 1,316,848 856,629 43,321 16)411,197 1,181,944 2,909,632 2,905,068 4,564 3,043,496 6,984,783 6,477,266 1,324,537 162,990 30,633,339 3,987,921 .-26,645,418 4,579,605 1,292,281 139, 148 2,911,742 77,632 158,802 748,983 729,943 19,040 590, 753 331,231 259,622 7,272,641 843, 163 749, 465 744, 660 4,905 120,141 968,095 14, 186, 339 319, 868 1,849,945 456,206 3,347,195 3,239,023 108,172 1,106,366 47,365,767 'Z^d by 105,890 5,444 4;854 1,134 9,150 4,080 26,663 41,110 79,676 44,367 5,161 11,638 8,712 2,119 705 3,635 174 3,744 9,530 6,006 1,013 9,869 650 24,000 1,962 2,318 112,932 26,256 67,699 67,484 215 27,213 158,430 126,233 23,855 8,342 1,062,035 83,406 968,629 3,452,803 2,017,558 146, 127 1,188,735 22,378 78,005 9,346 9,051 295 6,309 2,283 4,026 101, 722 23,823 10, 239 9,045 1,194 2,739 10,633 279, 201 7,201 124, 649 7,776 120,048 113,555 6,491 36,704 1,791,279 4,843,655 403,680 687,852 166,292 935,794 242,333 1,674,959 3,211,448 6,872,635 3,661,276 919,777 1,510,123 1,290,278 143,425 76,420 758,841 45,904 443,171 1,775,296 740,716 147,301 462,213 79,587 3,367,249 1,041,864 102,854 27,844,762 2,123,876 6,545,932 6,532,419 13,613 4,652,835 9,779,626 7,827,374 1,655,329 296,923 64,139,906 7,673,687 46,466,219 22,730,973 9,998,973 1,197,657 10,661,637 274,899 697,907 1,269,171 1, 221, 667 3Sr,604 1, 137, 491 596,899 540,692 8,619,651 1, 741, 507 1,119,963 1,107,254 12,709 317,748 1,512,419 23,099,647 734,784 4,084,277 976,137 8,177,360 7,798,032 379, 328 3,421,062 93,608,049 2,936,361 224,114 353,449 123,032 553,805 102,100 873,521 1,866,744 2,868,858 2,433,609 418,198 351,603 290,660 41,509 19,434 241,609 21,306 256,382 480,066 55,604 146,420 29,950 2,027,401 184,273 57,215 11,320,623 916,876 3,568,601 3,559,867 8,734 1,582,126 2,856,413 2,223,886 306,937 125,691 22,454,632 3,802,360 18,852,172 14,698,665 6,689,134 912,382 6,461,060 174,889 461, 100 500,842 482,573 18,269 540,429 263,385 277,044 1,245,388 874, 521 360,269 353,869 6,610 194,868 533,691 8,834,107 407,705 2,109,883 512,155 4,710,119 4,445,454 264,665 2,277,982 44,451,003 Micrq^QM, 4,472 58 I4279 166 1,216 2,025 3,105 1,561 119 180 180 16 4 239 7 170 310 421 48 210 28 1,102 71 10 6,271 1,840 2,427 2,427 6,022 4,578 2,739 1,493 346 14,597 1,777 12,820 69,310 39,677 3,135 24,893 196 1,809 456 45r 5 273 73 200 5,278 1,318 1,234 1,214 20 268 780 13,586 402 5,029 366 5,877 5,597 280 4,782 77,885 2,986 15 20 655 828 ,865 29 117 117 185 185 410 201 'soi' 4,464 1,272 1,273 1,273 4,742 2,605 1,170 1,025 310 5,035 1,509 3,528 63,706 27,688 3,060 21,883 105 1,170 146 6 140 4,600 1,150 1,128 1,128 25 650 11,013 88 4,129 2,316 2,241 75 10 65,409 172 12 5 9 329 45 1 149 153 439 15 39 26 14 45,325 ~79 266 110 95 175 8 1,668 20 1,848 6,876 5,236 25 1,205 410 146 145 29 18 11 362 66 61 . 37 14 20 110 588 138 585 25 1,571 1,441 130 17 40 10 344,189 1^236 29 28 27 106 91 660 1,048 1,087 1,083 104 24 18 2 4 36 3 18 592 61 10 1,562 468 841 841 92 19 1,170 1,232 911 293 28 7,892 248 7,644 8,704 6,729 60 1,806 91 29 234 102 49 49 20 1,985 176 296 51 1,906 1,831 75 4,755 12,007 1,184,962 1,501 14 156 'm 553 1,635 31 15 40 130 1,176 39 154 154 578 428 160 3,948 882 3,066 2,369 566 6 1,623 174 64 312 ;,329 25 ,226 172 844 813 31 64 65 66 21 67 61,679 ler reported throughout the year. 1334 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTET AND OITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments, PERSONS ENGAGED^JN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers Sala- ried oiH- cers, su- ?erin- end- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. 'Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Maximum montb. Minimum month. ■WAQE EARNERS DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST EEPRESENTATIVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male, Fe- male. Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTKIES— Continued. Cars, steam-raihoad, not including operations of railroad companies. Cement Cheese Chemicals Chocolate and cocoa products Cleansing and polishing preparations. Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations Clothing, horse Clothing, men's Eegular factories Men's and youths' Another Contract work Men's and youths' Boys' Clothing, men's, buttonholes. Clothing, women's Kegular factories Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments and petti- coats. Wrappers and house dresses. All other Contract work Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, ex- cept house dresses. Undergarments, petticoats, wrappers, and house AU other.. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffee Spice Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Coke, not including gas-house coke.. Collars and cuffs, men's , Condensed milk and milk products, other than butter and cheese. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery. Chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels Another. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work. Cordage and twine Cordials and flaToiing sirups Cork, cutting Corsets Cotton goods Cotton lace Cotton small wares.. Crucibles Cutlery and edge tools ■Table cutlery, razors, aqd pocket- knives. Axes and hatchets Scissors, shears, and clippers Augers, bits, chisels, and planes. All other 12 11,205 Dairymen's, poultry men's, and apia- rists' supphes. Dental goods Teeth All other Drug grinding Druggists' preparations Dyemg and flnishiug te: textiles.. Dyestufls and extracts. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating 26 83 39 7 41 18 23 10 504 231 209 22 273 266 7 15 483 437 190 161 30 21 35 46 23 13 72 5 32 108 4 657 276 5 376 81 18 361 17 6 10 10 116 13 26 5 30 46 150 9 105 33 9,192 242 5,276 2,121 225 111 114 315 12,341 8,270 7,887 383 4,071 3,923 148 183 19,600 18,780 6,041 9,171 2,066 736 766 820 261 294 31 1,048 707 341 1,585 11,307 647 9,950 7,408 122 2,420 1,513 1,187 326 4,510 1.947 40 1,885 1,054 9,813 3,970 2,002 114 1,608 386 942 102 76 102 1,839 1,540 299 64 2,480 7,251 320 19,332 206 132 8 6 39 14 25 9 719 369 324 35 360 350 10 20 715 652 301 253 719 293 426 95 75 20 444 3 8 117 3 16 24 156 2 53 164 156 11 100 24 23 14 9 8 180 166 160 6 14 12 2 1 Owned power only. ^D/^, 106 113 54 337 2 36 261 166 7 37 24 13 158 40 5 21 41 238 79 47 14 59 12 25 7 6 9 11 3 83 244 19 991 13 335 285 32 15 17 30 914 912 898 14 2 2 910 906 340 418 96 19 33 4 233 151 82 103 516 379 7 130 31 26 5 249 41 7 S2 19 208 232 41 48 56 46 10 9 323 351 22 3,015 84 144 2 85 50 18 10 8 10 280 5 7 7 465 457 169 183 10 23 127 2 22 312 209 4 99 22 183 9,955 7,910 84 4,748 1,756 113 58 55 258 10,236 6,548 6,225 323 3,688 3,552 136 163 17,217 16,479 5,125 8,204 1,838 656 656 738 222 221 354 232 9,871 24 512 8,142 6,361 104 1,677 1,341 1,054 287 3,563 1,849 21 1,787 803 9,158 3,602 1,880 1,427 326 870 31 14 3 2 1 59 3 2 83 191 111 12 909 581 1,645 1,430 215 41 1,859 6,389 265 14,866 Ja 13,060 Se 8,483 Je<» 113 Ja 4,905 Oc 1,852 Fe Fe 64 61 271 Fe 6,615 Je 353 Mb 3,667 Fe 148 Je» 165 Oo 6,870 Mb 9,203 Mb 1,988 Ap 739 766 Oc Mh 238 349 My 243 Ja» 49 Mh 365 Ja 249 Mh 1,417 Fe 384 Ja 978 Mh 96 Ja 65 Fe 95 Au 646 mbcfb/Mmw^ Jy 1,742 lib 225 De 44 Fe 2,051 Mh 6,749 Oo 298 Se 15,482 My 7,962 No 7,130 Ja3 46 Jy 4,605 Jy 1,653 Jy 63 My 3 51 De 225 Oc 5,807 De 266 Jy 3,470 De 115 Ja3 162 De 4,387 Jy 7,043 Jy 1,685 Aa 561 De 642 Au 202 130 De 152 Jy 344 De 201 Fe 1,364 Mh 11,619 De 8,365 Fe« 26 De 21 My 575 Fe 451 Oc 7,311 Je 5,515 Se 138 Ja 45 Jy 2,038 Fe 1,435 Mh 1,103 De 984 J a m No 262 My 3,725 Mh 3,465 Fe 1,969 De 1,749 Je» 23 My 18 Mh 1,951 De 1,538 Ap 970 No 637 My 9,581 Fe 8,895 Kb 3,993 No 3,148 Ap 1,972 De 1,767 Ap 109 Se 75 Jy 205 Jy 509 De 83 Au 55 SeS 76 No 458 Au 1,072 Au 208 Au 38 Au 1,729 No 6,160 Fe 223 De 13,813 :Se 135 9,449 8,129 112 4,809 1,715 113 57 56 242 10,631 6,683 6,349 334 3,948 3,804 144 163 17,414 16,548 5,230 8,307 1,768 663 580 866 234 352 228 52 661 360 201 1,379 9,137 21 8,952 7,044 204 1,704 1,282 991 291 3,560 1,850 21 1,726 646 9,352 3,458 1,796 101 1,416 321 871 89 57 78 467 1,377 1,159 218 43 1,811 6,222 278 12,881 142 9,422 108 4,147 1,003 94 5,137 3,126 3,011 115 2,011 1,940 71 47 ,203 ,987 ,303 ,334 166 108 76 216 164 37 4 548 656 41 24 17 145 5,273 3,377 3,165 212 1,896 1,823 73 108 11,982 11,336 1,879 6,880 1,541 650 486 646 69 315 217 322 205 117 1,<)52 9,051 5 399 4,070 2,622 85 1,463 1,200 935 265 3,357 963 14 875 121 4,704 1,373 485 iOl 1,321 285 821 84 57 74 461 690 424 166 42 810 5,352 276 11,269 138 216 154 62 296 3 16 83 4,329 4,021 103 205 2 151 700 522 4,011 1,855 1,157 27 703 654 727 1 1,515 148 109 4 35 80 56 24 34 48 1 253 21 15 105 1 74 1 3 142 110 104 6 32 202 200 33 84 61 4 18 2 405 IS 47 2 65 2 384 132 133 23 132,446,140 60,948,356 440,614 29,527,205 8,495,134 439,802 177,220 262,582 601,798 16,798,163 16,418,029 15,832,268 585,761 380, 134 372,255 7,879 37,8C2 14,117,695 14,006,860 4,295,338 6,397,699 2,161,404 645,199 607,220 110,835 29,830 43,712 32,703 4,590 2,454,231 2,232,910 221,321 3,614,024 68,525,664 82,279 2,640,210 16,602,974 9,964,930 473,592 6,174,452 3,269,853 2,805,212 464,641 7,202,216 5,985,583 106,171 4,316,369 652, 174 18,719,177 12,404,430 3,298,271 821,984 4,205,569 732,831 2,853,988 278,487 138,732 201,531 2,867,441 4,603,698 4,251,233 352,465 150,616 9,719,432 17,281,29^ 1,991,830 61,587,091 213,532 [power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914-^Continued. 1335 • * EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- hus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTBIES— Continued. $522,870 562,334 10^694 460,482 109,725 38,947 23,165 15,782 14, 730 437,728 422,644 417,674 4,970 15,084 13,484 1,600 686,727 679,049 261,680 250,873 123,846 14,695 27,955 7,678 1,400 2,888 3,390 144,260 100,260 44,000 102,036 631,010 2,043 91,805 664,541 478,421 11,294 174,826 81,644 69,701 21,943 333,073 153,034 5,446 84,014 77,843 539,795 278,504 123.819 54,040 98,069 18,700 55,493 7,764 6,484 41,002 93,592 66,231 27,361 2,680 283,501 574,175 48,283 1.351,629 9,085 81, 421, 493 1,193,918 6,605 424,008 498,346 33,919 16,818 17,101 44,754 934, 264 929, 798 902,649 27,149 4,466 4,466 1,218,823 1,213,889 411,853 577,945 157, 212 21,965 44,914 4,934 2,022 1,280 404,763 271,635 133,128 145,655 617,093 2,973 56,851 704,187 527,339 5,457 171,391 33,679 30,315 3,364 348,463 61,372 10,146 76,247 116,465 367,877 423,894 64,790 17,205 68,678 31,929 27,313 2,366 2,160 4,910 90,326 95,916 68,460 27,456 12,190 519,321 401,428 35, 121 4,911,444 4,992 $6,635,350 4,427,805 50,263 2,927,562 738,988 48,548 27,746 20,802 99,255 4,967,976 3,281,950 3,146,596 135,354 1,686,026 1,645,645 40,381 91,870 8,090,555 7,792,503 3,125,472 3,607,178 634, 472 290,160 235,221 298,052 138,711 93,497 58,439 7,405 302,307 181,629 120,678 724,430 6,634,898 9,556 285,439 3,344,275 2,288,575 38,610 1,037,090 730,560 590,905 139,655 2,250,372 727,182 12,796 824,477 274,692 4,409,928 1,528,155 738,021 61,122 735,796 157,258 446,178 56,783 36,384 39, 193 357,634 695,060 581,294 113, 766 21,661 770,277 3,469,473 182,417 8,737,295 98,071 100 6,700 2,439,901 2,371,170 2,306,207 64,963 68,731 68,731 $181, 409 1,707 21,300 427,303 423, 079 225,118 125,045 32, 516 34, 410 6,990 4,224 3,235 739 250 1,575 1,575 'i,'3i6 17, 793 43,672 41, 612 2,060 2,844 2,844 65,836 1,759 271,469 18,411 62,857 10,150 80 10,000 70 2,890 77, 772 12 28,315 $13,375 475, 241 533 15,054 8,233 12,603 7,102 5,501 12,540 384,780 334, 113 326,937 8,176 60,667 49,335 1,332 3,492 647, 172 631,363 265, 417 277,654 45, 491 21,605 31, 196 16,809 7,268 5,766 2,103 672 52,902 44,800 8,102 26,305 71,855 480 1,623 334,068 224,216 16, 159 22,403 21,239 1,164 89,307 8,467 2,055 3,290 17,697 218,323 5,396 55,086 2,274 1,014 4, 1.59 23,421 6.684 16,737 6,000 31,402 124,123 2,371 128,845 16,690 $141,989 245,509 1,583 97, 362 27,868 1,407 1,165 242 584 27,026 25,598 25,055 543 1,428 1,428 11, 159 11,059 1,062 6,519 3,591 238 649 100 14 6 80 9,568 6,842 2,726 20,036 864,011 81 8,352 41,695 6,8.50 38,079 14,829 11,155 3,674 29,129 17,545 2,498 27,494 1,219 48,215 41,957 8,801 5,153 16,167 1,288 12,806 894 544 635 5,002 8,321 7, S40 475 705 32,512 60,729 11,387 154,489 $28,721,396 10,586,244 1,220,078 11,713,607 7, 429, 160 302,622 205,636 96,986 682, 786 14,317,759 14,295,163 13,890,536 404,627 22,596 17,311 5,285 30,822 20,190,233 20,145,972 6,883,813 9, 197, 508 2,806,094 595,502 663,065 44,261 31,657 8,489 1,555 2,560 4,965,858 4,167,846 798,012 1,975,045 1,399,267 20,648 4,334,421 14,656,776 9,559,346 365,868 4,731,562 3,214,024 2,755,108 458,916 4,699,145 3,822,985 210,248 2,037,921 400,845 12,426,039 2,946,693 1,760,534 482,084 938,087 65,427 796,430 30,968 10,467 34,795 375,621 2,143,935 1,338,647 80.5,288 130,851 4.034,734 7; 810, 373 1,136,790 16,810,210 $655,295 5,240,791 12,064 901,774 116,846 5,707 4,275 1,432 4,383 113,097 72,961 67,960 5,001 40, 136 39,247 889 1,386 152, 158 145, 130 49,396 66,596 13,458 9,878 5,802 7,028 3,204 1,970 1,415 439 42,813 35, 978 6,835 30,293 28,420,770 473 76,056 340,938 170, 622 3,620 166,696 28,111 24,972 3,139 52,919 43,930 875 56,111 4,832 299,184 91,243 40,835 11,259 73,100 5,594 56,712 4,616 2,397 3,781 10,332 32,571 28,542 4,029 5,595 38,821 645,315 21, 246 429,810 $39,831,095 29,080,593 1,497,340 22,387,835 12,342,217 649, 728 432,259 217, 469 984,669 28,033,167 25, 761, 181 25,024,447 736,734 2,271,986 2,217,325 54,661 176,347 37,059,174 36,679,992 13,040,989 16, 796, 530 4,302,419 1,208,354 1,231,700 479,182 254,885 139,318 70,520 14,459 6, 967, 1.54 5,721,622 1,245,532 3,671,698 42,996,443 4,5, 414 5,570,308 24,8-38,995 15,916,312 751,485 8,171,198 4,676,415 3,978,430 697,985 9,308,029 4,984,662 456,768 3,721,515 1,973,760 22,408,007 6,534,485 .3,457,954 756, 682 2,255,845 319, 744 1,593,186 128,442 75,461 139,012 1,328,808 4,362,422 3,244,920 1,117,502 230,511 8,300,728 15,451,576 1,568,612 44,395,789 $10,454,404 13,253,558 265,198 9,772,454 4,796,211 341,399 222,348 119,051 297,500 13,602,311 11,393,057 11,065,951 327,106 2,209,254 2, 160, 767 48, 487 144, 139 16,716,783 16,288,890 6,107,780 7,532,426 1, 482, 867 602,974 562,843 427,893 220,024 128,859 67,550 11,460 1,958,483 1,517,798 440,685 1,666,360 13, 176, 406 24,293 1,159,831 9,841,281 6,186,344 381,997 3,272,940 1,434,280 1,198,350 235,930 4,555,965 1,117,747 245,645 1,627,483 1,668,083 9,683,784 3,496,549 1,656,585 263,339 1,244,658 248,723 740,044 92,858 62, 597 100,436 942,855 2,185,916 1,877,731 308,185 94,065 4,227,173 6,995,888 410,576 27,155,769 » Same nunflJer reported for one or more other months. 26,462 132,894 769 16,570 7,607 295 207 88 174 2,457 1,881 1,835 46 576 655 21 22 3,108 2,919 710 1,618 393 90 108 189 59 2,117 1,532 585 2,066 36,213 15 1,761 14,474 6,608 203 7,663 3,016 2,395 621 2,514 5,110 40 2,841 159 16,870 4,743 1.798 360 4,854 3,774 160 128 253 964 443 328 115 190 1,319 14,685 3,113 36,537 291 24,007 102, 144 10,051 5,650 140 69 71 112 484 445 445 610 575 450 125 35 35 1,184 640 544 1,433 32,176 1,668 6,773 3,968 130 2,675 2.230 i:657 573 1,096 4,821 35 1,655 13, 571 4,374 1,331 340 3,1.52 235 2,550 62 110 195 765 290 290 60 1,120 14,013 3,056 31,430 715 30 82 484 1,520 13 11 2 16 253 123 111 12 130 127 269 260 40 170 18 327 304 23 196 73 2,270 551 1,719 146 131 15 342 165 1,028 1,751 49 281 20 810 420 60 18 14 155 31 4 27 50 47 270 2 1,622 144 2,546 28 100 231 304 304 20 1,740 28, 174 21 6,035 437 142 127 15 46 1,692 1,285 1,251 34 407 389 18 21 2,229 2,084 670 90 76 145 30 606 588 18 437 4,035 15 5,422 2,089 73 640 607 33 1,076 24 6 158 159 1,317 320 186 588 6 500 38 44 44 122 34 88 80 150 377 55 3,465 112 23,523 1 36,409 6,318 4,525 1 110 183 183 183 186 186 403 403 ""849 21,829 480 1,597 1,266 331 761 970 1,932 712 2,020 312 2,817 100 2,6R7 30 789 115 115 873 2,283 657 6C,803 1336 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 69.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS WBTTSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, Oe" NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 25 26 27 2S 29' 30 31 32 33 34 3S 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 4S 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 S4 Emery and other abrasive wheels — EnameUng Engines, steam, gas, and water Engraving and diesinking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Engraving, wood Envelopes Explosives Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied. Metal novelties Paper novelties Celluloid and wood novelties All other Feathers and plumes Felt goods Fertilizers Files Fire extinguishers, chemical . Fireworks Flags and banners Flavoring extracts Flour-mnl and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Breadstufl preparations and sirups. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles Meat products and sausage cas- ings. Other food products for human consumption. For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Foundry.supplies Fur goods , Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, and rattan and willow . . Metal Store and office fixtures Furs, dressed Galvanizing Gas and electric fixtures Gas fixtures Electric fixtures All other Gas, illuminating and heating. Gas machines and gas and water meters. Gas meters and water meters All other Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Glue, not elsewhere specified Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Haircloth -, Hair work Hammocks Hand stamps Hardware Locks Hinges and other builders' hard- ware. Another Hardware, saddlery 34 1,265 131 10 35 14 60 12 1,231 33 144 1,054 12 54 316 244 15 67 5 10 44 19 14 11 103 104 43 148 284 6,352 132 1,239 646 1,360 612 65 143 27 377 489 169 1,384 1,414 12 72 168 143 4,695 2,079 328 529 179 912 131 66,822 2,939 8,793 65,090 242 347 1,769 13,461 10,042 2,260 1,149 55 310 1,138 425 530 183 4,556 1,402 1,286 116 26,013 2,341 92 594 16 748 623 128 191 312 .5,624 2,174 743 2,707 30 36 1,613 134 6 42 14 990 26 117 848 7 72 331 246 17 12 14 188 2 34 6 180 2,231 121 229 1,881 21 17 46 392 316 47 29 2 20 48 18 19 11 163 23 17 6 426 84 18 146 33 15 97 3 29 14 786 4 85 78 193 23 5 1 1 16 23 6 120 61 240 41 26 22 133 19 5,382 192 336 4,865 32 17 92 748 416 276 66 1 15 91 27 45 19 1,420 129 110 19 667 100 2 38 133 4 71 46 19 6 10 27 204 95 26 20 38 21 2 4 1 14 18 2 30 19 1 3 7 6 104 109 16 5 7 72 1,103 47 75 981 32 220 160 51 19 1 4 33 12 19 2 171 21 1 283 67 21 109 43 10 66 1 100 244 6,222 73 1,007 604 1,037 515 48 130 21 316 434 150 1,110 1,315 6 57 140 69 2,595 1,512 249 445 130 57,116 2,654 8,037 46,626 174 212 1,527 11,760 8,914 1,869 977 43 270 922 349 433 140 2,796 1,226 1,138 88 23,606 2,002 78 519 590 466 93 163 228 6,112 2,000 2,430 21 Ja 120 Ja 266 Ap 5,421 De 82 De 1,071 De 3 Oc 527 My 1,112 Se 69 Jy 166 Je 27 Oc 344 Ap 481 De 172 Mh 1,391 Fe 1,338 (0 5 Je 81 My 196 My 73 No 2,678 No No Oc Mh 300 486 151 Ja 2, 786 Fe 8,637 Ja 49,008 An 208 No 364 No 1,685 Mh 9,179 Ja 2,057 Mh 1,050 Nos 50 Mh 322 Ja 432 No 462 No 152 Se 3,263 Ap 1,236 Je 93 Mh26,391 Fe 2, 166 Ja Fe No 609 107 681 No 75 Jy 226 De 4,995 Ja 69 Jy 881 Mh 1 Ja De 457 760 Jaa Ja No« De De Fe No 40 114 14 276 368 84 902 De 1,286 W 6 Jy 18 Ja 118 Ja 66 Je 2,630 Ja Je My Jy Jy 210 409 112 567 72 No 2,387 No 7,216 De 42, 277 Fe 141 Ap 103 Au 1,336 De 8,607 Jy 1,637 Se 926 Mh 34 No 229 Jy 270 De 415 Mh 134 Fe 2,651 Fe Mh Je Ja 482 103 216 299 Mh 2,068 Mh 730 Ap 2,692 Mh 23 De 982 Ja3 82 Jy 18,056 Jy 1,785 Se 62 439 W Jas No Se Au 578 429 83 122 Au 116 My 1,933 De 637 Jy Ja 2,304 18 91 249 4,877 76 1,044 515 968 480 57 123 17 283 426 171 997 1,285 6 79 136 71 2,687 1,545 203 481 147 626 53,664 2,529 7,698 43,437 167 326 1,646 11,563 8,761 1,812 980 45 237 870 318 415 137 2,636 1,166 1,071 95 26,353 2,020 74 528 599 476 94 146 219 5,031 1,987 637 2,407 21 91 195 4,872 -74 557 160 929 201 34 56 15 97 44 165 997 958 6 34 64 42 2,660 1,127 166 353 104 62,906 2,521 7,513 42,872 166 171 237 11,046 8,311 1,768 966 42 237 696 162 401 132 2,630 1,104 1,013 91 23,493 1,500 25 604 9 690 216 •25 77 167 4,284 1,677 428 2,179 21 1 Owned power only. 446 364 27 2 182 316 16 44 78 21 10 373 47 106 43 176 467 2' 166 299 1 152 1,316 362 318 40 4 2 159 161 4 4 6 66 63 3 1,448 416 42 20 68 281 23 141 127 4 10 1 1 1,128 47 1 4 61 41 444 147 108 1 7 ..... 11 240 94 40 106 ' Includes rented power, other than electric. 20 284 57 10 1721,126 900,016 26,900,475 133,746 2,139,176 2,046 986,914 8,619,334 916,660 135,377 147,053 27,168 607,072 606,260 675,961 6,658,303 3,017,606 67,666 92,807 283,849 281,484 23,362,164 4,310,747 1,126,452 987, 439 276,913 1,582,946 336,997 211,900,618 9,927,877 17,924,486 184,048,266 1,083,693 1,020,459 1,372,786 27,641,462 16,952,709 9,471,306 1,217,447 92,126 466,596 1,918,328 664,017 890,540 373,771 70,800,220 4,012,600 3,407,728 604,872 61,474,647 2,911,487 2,820,250 2,678,904 2,056,989 231,527 421,787 634,930 12,308,203 4,764,767 2,008,886 5,534,551 73,482 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1337 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added • by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- oom- biis- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. J27,945 22,493 482,489 2,340 89,871 61,100 199,959 32,559 6,003 3,120 1,200 22,236 ' 6,500 28,224 183,262 68,886 1,350 7,249 S,192 8,325 276, 723 172,336 24,166 16, 146 6,664 114, 681 10, 679 5,612,529 290,611 506,777 4,815,141 59,218 32,453 77,860 798,133 541,067 195,692 61,374 2,450 42,169 114, 765 40,946 56,009 17, 810 232,732 98,217 76,315 21,902 1,139,303 129,561 1,590 75,511 2,780 37,800 ' 42,737 2,992 7,800 32.950 30£t,452 92,258 37,703 173,491 3,180 138,783 17,555 1,013,679 3,492 132,051 . 58, 452 250,407 27,835 3,419 1,809 1,250 21,357 31,785 7^888 164,221 56,447 2,232 2,351 10,503 22,868 195,473 253, 181 52,668 26,352 19,527 130,260 24,374 6,677,852 243,302 430,016 6,904,634 34,571 31, 378 112, 199 931,597 470,803 397,518 63,276 . 2,000 12,165 106,411 38,044 54,562 13,805 1,295,301 203,726 173, 175 30,551 883,311 157,207 1,679 51,417 624 38,779 36,090 7,532 14,050 61,222 •255,363 110,678 30,324 114,361 336 $66,286 95,254 3,620,794 68,362 602,297 2,000 218, 494 716, 033 198,505 25,326 35,744 10,504 126,931 147,737 88,873 608,406 682,894 3,172 36,286 60, 276 . 31, 595 1,424,085 788,882 110,245 210,092 64,604 355,317 48, 724 36,968,380 1, 495, 742 6, 153, 448 30,319,190 103,200 149, 183 468.013 6,393,895 4,511,942 1,338,124 543,829 32,393 134, 101 548,519 163,390 301, 446 83,683 1,420,142 792,941 724,564 68,377 15,214,434 949,408 24,460 290,002 5,732 357,822 232,742 49,705 61,720 149,314 2,360,777 819,099 295,488 1,246,190 13,890 $1,000 125 1,133 60,632 601 19,725 400 1,200 50 18,076 5,494 "'723 1,000 '2,' 873' 6,270 100 4,190 1,980 315,805 1,746 6,378 308,681 1,850 49,611 63,764 52, 164 11,600 2,000 1,622 5,634 1,524 4,000 10 6,631 350 360 47,023 2,701 22,865 400 2,913 4,000 2,250 11,250 1,250 10,000 600 $1,292 2,973 6,804 9,753 49,475 27,050 3,629 17,359 3,271 1,180 2,238 10,670 14, 976 150 22,853 11,520 820 1,845 2,260 7,339 100, 819 30,438 6,150 720 11,418 2,170 711,524 6,992 121,607 584,025 2,282 70,270 35,659 230,368 142,848 33,386 64, 134 3,610 10,460 36,892 14,085 11,838 10,969 1,950,783 11,942 9,248 2,694 35,972 35,460 1,770 21,241 4,185 10,055 26,576 17,378 5,800 17,518 23,278 10,170 - 2,962 10,146 480 $1,889 1,773 67, 121 272 3,001 493 32,866 1,508 164 580 11 763 1,109 1,923 21, 277 4,519 109 417 1,474 113, 277 25,348 4,720 6,268 1,061 13,095 1,204 813, 762 27,162 84,295 702,305 4,241 2,598 4,325 74,366 51, 244 20,809 2,313 3,002 5,210 1,688 3,029 493 96,632 16,725 13,731 2,994 188,323 8,407 645 10,212 42 9,196 3,487 632 1,101 1,642 35,526 11,722 6,043 17,761 690 $99,741 414,619 4,642,632 14,239 539,641 624 680,951 4,005,411 604,815 67, 981 68,548 6,762 362,524 350,197 288,786 4,036,995 335, 64e' 785 46,369 237, 531 196, 914 36,781,338 4, 723, 869 1,064,853 805, 091 841,821 1,444,320 567,784 60,793,010 3,246,242 7,566,703 49,980,065 249,953 618,318 1,708,164 10, 983, 490 7,425,793 2,765,807 791,890 82,298 492,621 746,554 316, 972 271,894 157,688 1,996,284 1,604,209 1,380,442 223,767 11,781.613 1,643,202 79,349 1,321,946 189,568 2,239,564 1,310,738 74,375 203,251 190,710 2,920,495 844,943 546,599 1,528,953 14,979 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. $13, 723 11,766 186,696 2,568 12,731 20 10,637 101,629 9,070 673 1,006 152 7,239 4,183 12,835 133, 184 64,871 17 641 1,886 1,450 315,544 86,633 18, 418 20,652 3,587 28,832 14, 144 2,959,340 117,293 586,931 2,255,116 19, 110 4,847 13,332 269,061 195,999 43,162 19,890 946 23,410 28,219 11, 392 11, 407- 6,420 4,443,851 27,423 25,407 2,016 3,760,092 43,748 922 96,305 1,226 92,631 13,009 1,942 7,795 184,355 56,328 26,230 101, 797 1,588 $324,512 643,669 11,391,872 160, 785 1, 773, 679 11,032 1,301,281 6,003,048 1,082,203 134,316 150,426 26,358 771, 103 787, 111 518, 732 6, 177, 610 1, 495, 004 11,665 130, 711 379,851 379, 224 43,626,356 7,291,264 1,516,261 1,350,919 1, 048, 999 2,584,484 790,591 140, 799, 115 6, 135, 780 16,188,061 118,475,274 551,024 1,043,417 2,768,916 24, 147, 096 16,662,568 5,517,263 1, 967, 266 145,638 757,142 1,800,705 641,999 83?, 186 321,520 16, 746, 216 3,607,577 3,061,178 546,399 39.797,822 3,443,910 123.326 2,028,762 222,247 3, 120, 735 1,938,394 219,373 367,833 633,344 7, 687; 845 2,707,249 1,004,723 3,975,873 42,339 $211,045 217,284 6,663,545 143,978 1,221,307 10,488 1,896,008 568,318 65,662 80, 872 20,444 401,340 432, 731 217, 111 2,007,431 1, 094, 487 10,763 83,711 140, 434 180, 860 6,529,474 2, 481, 752 432,990 525, 176 203,591 1,111,332 208,663 77, 046, 765 2,772,245 8,034,427 66,240,093 281, %1 620,252 1,037,420 12,904,555 9,040,776 2, 708, 294 1, 155, 485 62,394 241, HI 1,025,932 313, 635 653,885 158, 412 10,305,081 1,975,945 1,655,329 320.616 24, 266, 117 1,756,960 43,055 610,511 31,453 797,640 614,647 143,056 163,734 334,839 4,682,995 1,805,978 431,894 2,345,123 25,772 512 32.1 180 7 156 795 410 300 86 247 12,375 8,540 3,103 732 11,942 95 15 52 28 509 125 34 350 7 231 16 5 211 5,831 5:004 10 100 717 i,78i 209 67 39 103 63 13 50 37 20 15 2 7 102 7 40 11 51 35 706 25 496 10 70 140 4,647 3,779 40 138 690 i,i48 1,694 1,446 20 229 '245 113 110 3 26 137 25 6 125 6 28 61,790 8 20,489 20 6,708 "■'sib' 9,147 26,446 3,490 1,718 466 155 1,161 451 680 226 6 448 74 1,216 553 280 156 227 122 184 110 14 60 983 637 72 274 266 428 192 94 142 136,025 79,908 21,624 530 33,963 78,354 6,393 4,242 1,943 208 6,915 18,783 9,227 1,861 26 7,670 5,052 110,849 66,439 17,820 606 26,085 66,387 1,345 570 425 70 280 8 46 567 46 261 48 215 91 20,424 16,690 1,165 4 2,665 3,007 16,578 14,177 687 4 1,710 2,403 2,611 1,760 147 604 472 1,335 753 331 251 132 28 153 25 43 3 45 2 65 648 208 205 235 66 250 8 140 102 5 274 200 10 64 60 124 55 69 1 12,652 11,094 1,219 73 166 2,603 1,191 661. 321 209 488 922 426 299 197 458 269 235 22 12 30 61,399 41,517 16,394 1 3,487 19,673 1,308 724 259 80 305 95 30 6 8 16 1,628 1,611 5 12 897 64 35 19 1,795 1,743 12 40 271 1,186 1,042 134 10 105 10 10 158 125 30 3 252 200 30 22 54 6,980 6,191 738 10 1,041 2,724 1,930 1,550 240 140 1,138 863 295 134 434 4,187 3,346_ 364 10 467 1,586 107 30 77 I Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1338 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS \ INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 10 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THF. STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Hat and cap materials Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats, straw Hats, wool-felt Hosiery and knit goods House-furmshing goods, not else- where specified. Comforts, quilts, feather pillows, and beds. All other Ice, manufactured Ink, printing 1 Ink, writing Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Medical and surgical All other Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. Iron and steel forgings Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails. Cut and wire nails All other, Includng tacks Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe. . . Iron and steel, wrought pipe.. . Japanning Jewelry Jewelry and Instrument cases.. Jute goods i . Labels and tags Lamps and reflectors . Lapidary work Lasts Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet Leather goods,not elsewhere specified Leather,tanned,eurried,and finished. Lime Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Liquors, vinous Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames Lubricating greases Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-miU products, not including planing muls connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Marble and stone Roofing slate Other slate products Mattresses and spring beds, not else- where specified. Millinery and lace goods, not else- . -where specified. Embroideries Trimmed hats and hat frames . . Dress and cloak trimmings, braids and fringes. Women's neckwear All other Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and unframed, not elsewhere specified. Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 23 189 6 57 21 36 62 178 25 43 7 12 3 117 10 11 16 17 5 5 4 28 120 265 71 215 5 23 46 12 ,654 613 4 602 517 51 34 74 114 33 50 10 4 17 482 56 13 56 907 6,991 339 43, 465 673 512 161 2,667 182 29 1,014 405 13,205 144, 954 2,868 2,445 270 110 160 1,945 4,416 20 769 115 880 511 497 22 100 83 1,149 12,833 3,637 1,280 9,268 6 1,007 368 252 13, 365 10, 518 19 8,424 3,700 3,443 1,281 1,225 4,026 647 1,373 . 446 86 1,474 1,938 1,000 306 512 202 1 Owned power only. 27 13 19 517 28 22 109 7 4 59 18 41 14 36 12 12 4 2 2 3 3 143 33 108" 281 122 109 5 18 55 6 2,122 760 2 703 630 42 31 81 160 47 69 18 13 13 555 38 11 83 10 4 18 32 11 9 787 19 14 5 230 6 43 16 27 285 2,101 94 96 13 27 116 6 30 199 11 9 678 36 4 148 10 3 81 36 45 1,210 9,640 163 110 35 5 30 64 272 6 15 293 89 101 570 28 10 20 219 477 4 296 117 127 52 45 50 15 20 4 16 111 366 91 246 1,012 78 19 36 216 203 114 62 27 70 113 5 51 30 5 22 114 44 19 10 15 7 15 19 11 2 353 21 35 21 14 178 1,222 52 23 7 5 2 19 35 1 29 2 5 12 18 1 1 3 39 80 48 40 65 25 19 37 54 189 56 31 14 11 43 118 7 70 6 3 32 53 14 14 756 6,714 343 459 41, 130 569 .441 128 2,124 151 16 796 618 278 11, 518 131,955 2,547 2,205 211 90 121 1,835 3,990 16 549 445 405 16 82 58 951 11,988 3,128 771 7,512 1 858 265 153 10,754 8,586 13 7,166 2,808 3,198 1,160 3,585 573 1,163 388 65 1,396 1,151 822 255 Je De Ja Fe My 46 777 7,109 456 597 Mh42,885 Jy 479 Se 140 Jy 2,871 Fe 3 152 No 18 Fe 528 De 291 Ap 13,230 Mh 142,367 Ja 2,760^ Ap 2,386 Ap Oc' A^ M^ Fe Oc Fe Ap3 No (*) 94 160 1,992 5,450 19 568 104 864 457 430 16 87 Jy 64 Oc 1,051 Je 12,460 Se 3,438 Mh 901 Jy Se3 Ja Au 7,901 4 903 304 170 Ap 11, 727 Au 9,207 Fe 23 Au Au 3,234 3,491 1,235 Je 1,023 Ap 609 Mh 1,562 Mh 535 Mh3 74 Oc 1,479 Jy 1,298 Se 892 No 285 Fe» Au 27 730 De 6,315 Au 174 Ja 301 Au 39,648 My 406 Je 117 De 1,520 148 15 No 502 Au 268 No 9,417 No 114,695 No 2,231 Oc 2,010 Ja' Ja» 87 107 No 1,609 No 2,516 Am' 15 Au 531 Ja 82 De De Ja (') Au8 56 Oc» Ja 896 De 11,229 Ja 2, 766 Au 612 Fe 7,225 Au' 1 Au 842 Jy 224 De 121 De 10,183 Fe 7,868 Je' Fe 2, 144 Fe 2,908 Fe 1, 043 Ja 950 Jy \^ Ap 528 775 281 Jy 44 Ja 1,288 Ja De My' Se 965 663 247 377 Mh 405 Se 347 ' 397 156 Ap 250 Au 77 126 2 Includes rented power, other than 32 789 6,590 410 421 41,832 564 432 132 2,300 152 16 800 513 287 10,988 129,021 2,247 2,332 249 1,789 3,604 15 542 85 771 437 431 16 85 56 950 11,298 3,199 7,354 8 850 255 147 13,603 8,451 3,491 582 1,245 341 19 521 4,954 107 273 8,801 193 103 85 2,276 148 10 761 481 280 10,981 127,914 2,086 2,268 212 84 128 1,779 3,603 13 464 43 225 386 14 85 56 377 10, 727 3,195 708 7,335 6 679 218 147 13,536 8,263 23 7,593 2,982 3,457 1,154 770 702 79 185 163 2 273 1,079 794 11 253 1,476 299 141 29,081 352 307 45 17 4 5 395 125 electric. 2 55 41 348 186 432 472 1 171 135 34 54 115 11 4 5 2 200 2,711 470 1,045 169 958 12 "56 94 3 7 930 8 3,020 11 1 12 10 2 3 661 62 63 4 2 2 36 111 35 20 t243,333 816,274 19,525,904 486,804 614,422 46,722,610 1,615,074 1,423,888 191, 186 20,618,282 1, 206, 157 47,005 1,691,663 820,929 870,734 180,585,390 601,245,338 10,911,388 8,265,005 1,020,224 388,713 633,511 5,241,345 16,803,064 19,581 1,511,038 77,081 1,741,086 700,230 1,476,914 12,000 129,335 913, 797 1,619,162 79,908,690 7,887,418 20,371,994 109,939,985 29,925 1,993,695 - 452,580 1,187,310 17, 434, 835 26,000.548 73,284 11,885,999 6,221,875 4,369,380 1,294,784 2, 211, 337 3,675,470 468, 117 891,915 786,425 73,178 1,455,835 4,797,194 4,688,624 661,361 559,562 340,292 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1339 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines. » Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $15,200 39,954 155,155 28,328 14,125 1,431,804 44,716 41,030 •3,686 278,011 25,100 7,296 108,362 57,430 50,932 918,887 6,515,606 297,096 202,389 31,020 15,820 15,200 85,959 272,715 26,688 11,333 61,599 36,224 41,343 3,700 20,106 57,944 932,872 150,807 319, 182 2,209,961 84,825 14,543 54,826 309, 101 758, 182 2,850 370,784 169,636 132,623 68,525 88,796 91,817 20,827 37, 543 5,810 27,637 105,885 127,904 65,600 37, 718 13,760 $8,780 90,676 225,432 21,988 9,290 874,025 51,090 46,773 4,317 149,612 11,314 1,973 103, 593 63,847 39,746 1,599,397 12,211,843 188,080 143, 766 71,394 6,192 65,202 76,786 272,933 307 44,195 8,383 13,607 42,684 58,254 1,040 13,475 25,024 146,941 444,242 96,774 398,515 1,332,256 147,403 29,535 88,749 201,542 551,373 192,785 122,728 45,206 24,851 87,149 179,991 6,831 79,581 41,973 6,464 45, 142 203,500 37,550 31,995 9,210 13,583 $14,623 $5,060 38,045 $228 1,010 446,338 $35,581 3,933,731 161,733 175,166 2,00Q 3,596 14,703 22,290 4,730 439,683 9,520 82,820 648 3,478 102,300 3,394 15,382,310 207,042 1,103,541 1,517 157,835 200 4,066 3,024 49,207 1,288,879 1,317 17,978 5,iH 40,731 370 102,261 106,178 6,276 460,686 100 248 3,189 6,513 1,420 48,990 2,332 285 6,012 284,565 176,121 9,337,086 534 2,665 223,043 27,766 21,224 418, 731 2,385 3,627 760,124 96,926,375 148,031 463,593 2,205,514 1,241,430 13,176 10,312 48,796 1,356,031 118,635 18.742 7,637 1,225 22,672 1,442 45,375 1,225 99 1,343 73,260 1,028,490 2,900 2,690 330 45,372 6,340 26,316 62,435 111 3,082 94 2,544,151 9,928 2,150 381,965 40,822 14,028 275 344,099 219, 169 238,069 12,080 55,100 39,447 399,467 6,492,420 1,403,687 422,277 12,100 18,292 7,420 5,768 14,782 2,106 2,529 940 23,260 164,946 21,359 37,366 5,611 2,726 5,463 6 180 250 5,216 4,260 230,450 25,832 10,349,080 15 6,790 4,156 12,696 6,320,629 585 48,458 468,712 9,039,108 779 2,494 1,335 7,073 248,136 595,748 148,205 88,888 6,110,816 13,989 320 49,744 2,39f,890 63,240 25,408 ' 10, 126 14,045 5,635,602 209,517 136,202 106,765 9,135 4,136,884 1,905,167 1,594,106 637,611 "'96,' 800' 93,977 2,212 611 1,265 76,285 61,213 3,947 11, 105 225 53,469 28,161 21,662 3,656 541,646 2,696 64,328 8,481 1,451,919 6,932 149,138 4; 839 236,604 551,065 182,647 26,466 455,138 5,436 1,033 15,730 61,504 10,776 2,680 68,448 836 643 1,864 463 1,496 711,040 426,595 142,816 5,980 13,074 976 92,776 23,173 7,618 31,286 16,430 3,367 264,232 975 22,986 1,973 110.524 2.280 644 $283,185 849,613 3,762,624 641,429 423,021 37,313,244 1,283,727 1,092,132 191,596 546,423 35,245 373,430 141,421 232,009 82,637,986 258,086,670 3,951,398 2,361,443 387,897 273,060 114,837 3,084,740 12,963,378 13,230 808,611 29,463 1,171,626 528, 450 544,683 30,360 28,141 872,057 924,636 67,435,795 661,830 3,391,573 14,516,901 8,731 841, 282 255,699 586,456 6,426,124 14,116,634 73,927 3,488,693 2,808,286 319, 749 360,658 1,713,416 2,851,963 112,612 1,445,053 310, 157 78, 744 905,397 2,181,346 994,354 441,848 138,931 180.181 $435 11,150 125,906 7,233 14,564 443,057 9,955 7,347 2,608 906,611 13,449 326 18,019 10,877 7,142 32,963,403 27,296,414 193,330 351,637 16,077 6,775 8,302 210,624 538,646 1,028 11,377 1,792 18,622 7,887 13,669 408 4,025 9,898 8,706 872,925 731,495 152,283 1,185,620 51 16,190 5,248 13,440 103,533 291,043 1,499 332, 157 164,301 110,999 86,867 26, 169 27,818 5,883 8,210 5,412 684 7,629 48,937 139, 324 8,241 12,606 5,805 $371,020 1,759,284 11,040,820 1,010,821 776,878 64,153,449 1,881,817 1,557,000 324,817 5,194,493 1,051,871 62,364 1,663,773 924,514 729,259 135,806,007 448,106,324 6,562,382 5,166,761 697,083 363,787 333,296 4, ,550, 718 17,776,655 35,662 1,692,707 120,453 1,791,545 1,018,383 J, 062, 826 64,200 135,616 1,006,136 1,839,869 85,252,632 3,948,018 15,950,605 50,362,792 20,800 1,946,887 579,888 1,381,355 19,983,752 24,861,997 100, 10,631, 6,862, 2,449, 1,319, 3,063, 6,272, 608, 2,814, 779, 164, 2,206, 5,078, 2,280, 799, 684, 351, $87,400 898,521 7,152,290 362,159 339,293 26,397,148 588,135 457,521 130,614 3,741,459 228,530 26,793 1,262,324 772, 216 490, 108 20,304,678 162,724,240 2,417.654 2,4,53,681 294,109 83,952 210, 167 1,256,354 4,274,631 21,404 872,809 89, 198 601,297 484,026 604,674 23,432 • 103,450 124, 181 906,627 16,943,812 2,664,693 12,406,749 34,660,271 12,018 1,089,215 318, 739 761,459 13,454,096 10,454,420 24,670 6,810,444 3,899,736 2,019,169 891,539 1,323,542 3,393,112 390,083 1,161,694 463,434 84, 726 1,293,175 2,848,483 1,147,281 349,718 433,090 165,607 ' Same number reported for on* or more other months. 746 939 807 627 693 < Same number reported throughout the year. 4 113 4 99 10 4 6,241 74 1,072 ■ 5,527 30 990 45 669 44 37 3,470 46 23;S61 639 16,639 460 1,607 31 775 8 4,940 140 3,803 1 514 125 43,937 435 25 40,759 79 61 1,090 1 "i,'268' 31 1,889 8 199 341 37 808 200 16 662 112 21 119 29 60 127 207 646 163 477,588 5,50 12 414,815 58 CI 60,605 "'366' 37 90 1,802 207 '74,' 495" 1,270,642 1,194,594 28,418 213 47,417 529,869 8,796 3,535 845 360 4,066 1,835 9,008 887 6,429 300 468 400 3,111 • 187 3,103 327 660 150 150 177 10 400 4,062 10,067 4 319 36 1,888 9,807 2,196 260 4 221 27 3,941 10,261 is' 98 9 1,918 206 500 6 183 1,722 "350 65 131 149 121 6 43 86 ei 100 40 537 321 39,984 8,725 7,218 470 198 33,105 6,496 6,654 37 28 5,722 276 221 ""26' 66 12 30 96 1,111 1,887 331 38 54 7,999 38 207 58,147 5 813 185 1,566 56,118 55,297 ""455' 100 1,300 52,601 526 5 108 5 259 1,814 58 2,268 11,320 1,498 260 80 7 305 599 '"'884' 1,803 35,854 20,699 3,477 755 10,923 2,431 56 27,179 10,760 11,848 4,571 64 21,396 8,313 11,087 3,995 2 3,106 1,829 726 551 ""489' 483 6" 2,523 2,463 35 25 166 156 1,748 651 317 778 367 934 825 66 243 69 135 87 173 25 ""i26' 5 11 29 105 76 24 10 58' 7 532 7 31 i' 480 21 1,901 8,930 327 688 5,793 200 396 199 80 24 430 793 2,508 47 161 61 1 803 15 365 423 122 65 15 42 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1340 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 10 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Mucilage and paste Musical instruments and materials . . Brass and other metal Violins and other stringed in- struments. Musical instruments, organs Musical instruments, pianos Musical instruments, piano and organ materials. Oil, not elsewhere specified Oilcloth and linoleum, floor Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp : Paper exclusi\-ely Paper and pulp Paper goods, not elsewnere specified Patent medicines and compounds . . Pa'ving materials Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, ■ and shelling. Pens, fountain and stylograpliie Perfumery and cosmetics Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving Photographic apparatus Photographic materials Pickles, preserves, and sauces.. Preserves Pickles and sauces Plated ware Plumbers' supplies, nor elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Pottery Chinaware Earthen and stone ware Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Boot publishing and printing, . . Book publishing without printing Linotype work and typesetting, Printing and publishing, music Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Printing materials Pumps, not including steam pumps. Pumps, steam and other power Steam Other power Refrigerators Regalia and society badges and em- blems. Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Safes and vaults Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments. Scales and balances Screws, machine Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing. Shirts Show cases Signs and advertising novelties. Electric signs Signs other than electric Advertising novelties 10 37 91 53 41 12 14 237 111 7 4 41 4 4 49 22 27 4 36 5 21 8 13 1,206 1,124 16 SI 15 13 1,133 77 767 17 19 189 140 106 67 39 189 728 136 880 1,980 1,134 3,358 8,064 2,865 6,209 493 1,601 2,540 264 47 288 32 67 4,420 425 3,995 4,695 61 1,645 1,206 439 13,506 12, 032 1,051 305 118 179 20,501 8,685 10,634 1,282 70 26 618 371 247 413 136 724 3,685 1,050 856 100 500 177 5,062 11,929 56 984 63 540 381 ^ Owned power only. 75 17 15 2 10 211 98 5 2 37 33 33 3 5 51 27 24 3 22 4 15 1,3*7 1,244 17 65 21 15 916 36 697 37 332 10 67 1 37 19 24 6 132 22 39 208 154 85 69 19 134 81 5 6 32 147 37 1 2 96 10 152 3 34 22 12 558 486 34 4 1,045 331 544 170 9 1 18 10 161 2 24 7 10 7 34 3 181 121 138 447 353 90 263 76 555 108 13 1,431 67 1,364 318 6 16 10 877 649 93 131 4 25 3,977 1,982 1,498 497 12 3 52 29 23 54 10 76 232 56 16 173 380 2 14 7 56 34 70 136 93 41 52 27 1 30 72 39 3 1 274 14 260 586 374 133 73 5 12 1,813 681 700 10 7 32 108 23 12 1 10 4 2 166 92 73 46 28 163 646 113 854 2,492 7,447 2,624 4,823 361 814 2,267 29 160 4,902 630 25 46 2,568 307 2,261 80 4,107 45 1,564 1,158 406 10,139 9,279 774 123 12,760 6,656 7,096 40 14 523 320 203 328 666 3,172 740 769 71 375 136 4,773 10,890 42 780 42 455 283 Au 100 De Ja Je Fe De 176 732 135 Mh 605 Oc 1,927 De 872 Je 2,612 Ap 2,725 Fe 4, 929 Ja 3 392 Mh 855 Oc 2,980 Mh 238 Ja Oc 36 175 Fe 5,201 Ja 647 Fe 31 Au 50 Se 387 Se 2,720 Fe 90 Au 4,440 Ap 50 Oc 1,207 Fe 420 Ja 9, 615 Oc 3 791 Ja No 92 140 Ja 6,032 My 7,165 Oo De Pe My Mh My 340 220 360 97 627 Se My 3, My 787 Ja Oc 862 84 Je 398 Fe 160 Je 5,710 Mh 11,480 No 52 Mh Au Oc 48 481 319 No Mh3 JyS De Se Ja Au Ja De 2,425 136 679 100 451 1,621 De 2,516 De 4, 746 De 306 Au 772 Fe 1, 127 Oo 229 Oc Ja 20 136 My 4,622 De 612 De 19 Se' 43 242 1,877 Se 74 No' 5,868 Au 39 Fe 1, 065 My 381 Jy 8,948 Ap 745 Jy De 77 107 Au 5,220 Au 7,021 Ja' Fe' My De Ja No 292 185 78 De 455 No 2,668 No 692 No Fe Se Au 628 62 355 121 De 3,514 Au 10,247 Fe 37 No mS 31 429 226 165 467 1,864 872 2,498 7,360 2,613 4,737 335 836 2,515 237 31 166 4,791 617 19 43 2,296 287 2,009 81 4,115 46 1,608 1,206 402 10,339 9,469 780 90 108 12,996 5,827 7,169 40 15 493 308 186 338 633 2,746 711 82 364 133 3,630 11,204 44 801 43 450 308 70 64 37 27 151 600 124 449 1,852 420 2,406 6,774 2,419 4,356, 209 436 2,507 83 26 58 4,740 584 17 32 1,186 167 1,018 69 4,033 26 1,178 820 358 7,656 7,001 472 83 90 10,110 4,196 5,914 40 14 486 301 186 338 31 533 2,360 621 683 64 364 119 3,581 44 S64 385 140 17 2 5 5 296 77 569 182 377 111 379 1 164 5 101 30 23 2 3 1,035 117 918 11 47 20 392 364 2,400 2,118 275 16 2,448 1,496 952 50 79 18 196 3 46 147 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 304 21 2 426 128 12 508 "'i4 14 $445, 89t 178, 798 131, 788 47,010 272,455 2, 402, 467 256,717 9.418.079 9,446,876 1,439,-629 15,942,052 34, 962, 148 12, 186, 174 22,776,974 1,241,788 3,930,395 5, 193, 689 236, 968 174, 721 384,393 55,393,563 683,144 34,975 216, 860 11,332,154 1,136,731 10, 196, 423 167,526 10,482,065 61,218 2,402,742 1,899,757 702,985 24,398,868 18,331,823 4,220,128 1,680,119 166, 798 330,352 56,002,339 31,269,703 21,407,052 3,325,584 87,921 44, 756 1,897,292 1,339,041 558,251 1,028,788 144,729 3,201,281 12,326,867 2,018,198 2,342,990 158,687' 1,621,799 352,349 18,285,168 8,871,536 52,474 1,417,916 77,430 877,715 462,771 Digitized /jy IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1341 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments rej)ort- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $51,713 5,120 5,120 15,550 83,973 12,340 374,854 87,444 104,400 545,992 632,796 274,609 358, 187 61,801 316,044 130, 153 30,897 7,754 44,570 441,292 110,498 1,500 4,240 306,298 32,280 274,018 4,525 3,640 60,S42 42,282 18,560 1,397,970 1,196,443 129,201 69, 326 3,000 6,872 2,745,044 1,291,846 1,150,044 303, 154 22,335 1,000 63,790 39,484 14,306 45,394 14,090 106,859 289,249 34,940 73,628 3,600 45,289 21,849 230,190 222,229 3,020 52,431 10,583 28,668 13,180 120,660 6,160 4,348 812 8,086 26,596 6,842 325,417 190, 181 156, 648 590,623 467,644 128, 196 339,448 90,382 523,680 83,813 19, 213 5,849 29,047 660, 331 117,944 2,685 12,008 1,683,530 104, 455 1,679,076 1,795 319, 446 6,942 36,000 28,417 7,583 1, 140, 471 843, 131 137, 496 154, 042 5,802 26,699 4, 823, 788 2, 414, 712 1,804,316 604,681 8,266 2,821 76,676 58,695 18,081 41,282 8,470 116,765 379,520 72,307 57,882 2,348 7,464 143,732 -519,496 1,846 194,938 8,447 46,321 140,170 $47,706 45,645 27,502 18, 143 96,503 389,309 332, 567 1,072,309 377,379 1,488,185 3,482,975 1,468,117 2,014,868 171, 852 404,506 1,171,878 81, 612 13, 226 57,745 3,219,048 668,144 17,742 22,001 1,130,526 137,004 993,522 52, 473 2, 706, 130 19f287 886,146 657,900 208,246 6,308,084 6,765,013 470,521 72, 550 68, 593 9,118,085 4,438,070 4,680,015 30,236 8,706 310, 497 176, 624 133,973 245, 793 339, 179 1, 744, 128 384,856 419,642 36,125 244,676 77,148 3,411,350 3,422,099 28,513 450,150 30,409 275,237 144,504 1207 1,272 1,272 $2,434 3,370 1,000 2,370 2,'lfe $1,987 975 756 219 4,625 940 1,472 12,314 2,370 58,693 464 56,607 95,953 9,891 9,891 7,106 460 2,097 45, 682 12,740 3,567 62,303 94,250 38,214 56,036 1,307 5,268 62, 573 62,573 400 16,012 7,702 19,802 125 60,146 16,068 6,480 23,831 17,989 484 1,160 20,662 73 3,181 350 183,124 15,660 17,359 47,802 1,740 3,549 33,673 5,447 28,226 150,694 766 173 378 45,546 4,598 40,948 326 34,680 386 386 3,994 32, 477 2,782 2,500 3,872 3,600 272 6 8,218 6,725 2,493 4,071 4,071 726,478 698,268 56,119 232,492 14,655 479,431 615,772 58,780 19,099 4,617 9,205 645,881 48,488 6,490 1,109 32 120 269,307 79,020 1,814,615 121,867 - 186,554 159,360 303, 495 183,919 76,149 1, 506, 194 83,036 9,239 90 3,312 1,849 1,849 10,956 1,476 720 300 420 321 37 12,646 9,503 3,143 10,417 224 4,064 2,231 .1,980 9,406 104 25,604 6,931 39,339 10,568 24,019 6,791 465 2,775 360 5,353 3,020 5,068 649 200 6,674 4,079 1,288 685 46, 782 176 426,628 150,542 4,392 28,366 1,183 7,879 19,304 8,991 250 6,373 51 4,732 1,590 • 10,766 3,565 1,354 5,837 $566,848 20,940 10,130 10,810 $5,284 2,918 2,216 702 106,884 2,937 736,699 194,704 12,990 3,677 7,448,678 4,441,328 784,922 88,868 205,676 16,493 9,224,981 14,272,287 5,566,644 8,706,643 1,002,472 277,571 1,774,270 701, 454 1,072,816 12,376 2,059,412 1, 313, 190 865,813 27,092 160,285 4,207 33,765 310,007 577 3,510 42,181,116 259,958 16,610 100,885 6,704,600 1,048,512 5,656,088 2,203,379 22,265 1,111 4,937 76, 131 16,356 68,776 35,672 3,380,449 680 266,607 36,824 536,584 447,433 89,151 1,479 158,334 107,610 50,724 8,957,535 258,280 7,090,494 1,677,996 178,528 10,517 226,996 26,608 1,410 3,266 61,660 15,042,649 2,084 406,777 9,326,703 6,269,461 158,287 244,702 446,385 3,788 77,421 8,544 503,841 319,233 184,608 2,052 499 26,806 16,623 10,183 615,321 76,990 12,457 2,090 2,799,913 7,135,136 1,039,083 128,506 164,116 15,361 725,322 664,830 31,898 3,921 482,781 74,682 4,635,922 9,969 6,786 161,353 5,839,331 29,180 890,079 59,581 381,757 448, 741 94,403 1,349 25,029 488 21,548 2,993 $869,307 133,365 86,021 47,344 266,513 1,504,602 312,712 12,272,896 7,165,362 2,023,031 14,207,095 25, 439, 346 9,537,184 15,902,162 1, 744, 191 5,733,868 3,574,002 1,103,146 125,131 686,735 62,875,101 1,508,755 61,028 177,464 13,829,688 1,580,465 12,249,123 146, 639 10,019,414 98,503 1, 735, 873 1,283,845 452,028 25,285,844 20, 647, 229 3,303,491 1,286,568 148,556 364, 194 62,239,269 29,098,930 18,829,205 4,311,134 208,044 34,316 1,094,093 691, 752 402, 341 1,007,744 187,449 4,602,466 12, 176, 847 2,124,283 1,659,178 790, 112 1,102,456 253,020 9,539,865 12,337,163 83,800 2,082,672 116,309 1,065,292 901, 071 $297, 175 109,507 73,675 35,832 166,692 754,813 114,331 4,735,350 2,518,459 1,221,616 4,704,543 9,392,789 3,269,086 6, 123, 703 729,343 3,647,364 2,100,527 233, 126 90, 789 373, 218 8,490,607 1,226,532 44,307 71,642 7,049,857 515,597 6,534,260 110,287 6, 382, 458 60,200 1,040,965 728, 802 312, 153 16,070,029 13,229,739 1,598,887 1,106,630 134,773 300, 550 36,789,943 19,613,940 13,315,042 3,860,961 128,571 25,273 563, 446 355,896 207,560 479,966 109,369 1,674,047 4,877,696 1,069,839 901,968 121,361 609,706 . 171,562 4,742,590 6,403,429 53,271 1,167,664 56,240 661,987 449, 337 271 97 83 14 137 20 20 134 16 6 10 13 61 67 4 223 75 29 119 869 141 625 244 113 400 8 28 2,213 9,554 370 1,703 5,336 136 453 57 4,218 192 683 1,428 3 42 11,120 75,305 31, 193 44, 112 432 6,806 68,591 28,201 40,390 267 795 60 ""w 44 810 4,846 1,620 3,225 2,709 1,809 1,372 437 121 689 19,176 2,358 16,818 1,045 12,256 176 542 10,305 25 164 200 126 339 1,751 25 186 30 130 41 131 16 63 20 40 6 28 37,522 314 18 28 3,242 713 2,629 33,694 2,842 5 6 981 309 18 23 264 151 113 4,206 "i,'886" "i,"886' "2," 832" 493 2,339 6 92 15 77 ""64' 64 55 5,558 "4,693' 30 565 25 410 '"4,"34i" 11 1,639 970 669 11 292 280 12 47" 37 10 1,203 580 623 34 "'34' 110 110 9,585 2,417 1,322 8 5,838 1,199 8,919 617 2 47 1,984 433 1,321 8 6,606 184 2 46 960 239 1 27 23,623 27 12,477 ""4," 736' 8,667 2,270 209 12,816 10,797 6,841 1,826 1,004 1,266 100 • 109 4,870 7,596 4,573 163 11 55 77 1,685 1,169 626 848 31 3,205 8,970 459 11 35 7 901 505 396 583 31 2,383 965 183 20 27 3,408 10 16 20 615 486 130 225 4 27 169 169 ""23" 40 757 7,775 183 66 10 93 ""'226" 1,844 346 286 157 1,559 176 40 75 13 517 188 9,694 260 "2," 243' 75 73 37 ■■■"26" 192 115 7,388 175 i?' 4,121 61 680 5 543 132 1,794 50 500 680 1,647 11 176 6 39 132 700 """360" '"'"360" 4 500 4 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1342 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVK DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Silk goods, including throwsters Finished products Throwsters and winders Silversmithing and silverware Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Carriage, wagon, and automobile Railway Machinery and other Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stamped ware Enameled ware, bath tubs, and lavatories and sinks. Stationery goods, not elsewhere spec- ified. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Radiators and cast-iron heating boilers. All other Steam packing , Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping , Stoves and hot-air furnaces Stoves and ranges Hot-air furnaces Stoves, gas and oil Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sugar, refining Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . Surgical appliances Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tin plate and terneplate Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff. Chewing Smoking Snufl All other '. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes , Tools, not elsewhere specified Shovels, spades, scoops, and hoes. Carpenters' tools, not elsewhere specified. Machinists' tools , All other Toys and games , Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes • Upholstering materials, not else- where specified. Excelsior Curled hair All other Varnishes Vault lights and ventilators Vinegar and cider Vinegar .- Cider Wall paper, not made in paper mills. Wall plaster Waste Cotton waste All other Wheelbarrows 284 190 94 3 146 15 4 5 34 29 5 16 18 57 23 34 34 12 21 53 42 11 24 137 3 6 19 22 13 ■36 73 9 38 3 23 2,121 71 10 4 7 60 - 36 58 45 16 5 4 7 23 6 49 10 30 12 21 31 21 10 5 47,107 36,475 10,632 20 4,605 232 1,642 209 530 158 1,914 1,349 565 897 200 6,959 2,154 4,805 1,938 114 476 4,117 3,811 306 622 11,155 1,896 347 652 737 2,600 1,841 607 58 401 3 145 41,079 2,427 483 424 713 807 1,104 2,336 462 37 114 311 261 55 166 69 97 1,4.55 302 660 496 164 53 1 Owned power only. 140 112 28 3 143 7 16 23 30 7 23 11 12 15 29 21 8 .21 107 34 91 12 44 3 32 2,288 74 614 424 190 1 161 25 65 50 15 24 10 139 47 142 85 12 23 151 118 33 38 282 2 425 13 1,165 1,048 117 590 16 3 65 15 109 41 90 5 794 264 530 160 18 43 268 235 33 51 110 49 56 87 148 165 3 1,145 132 19 31 29 53 26 61 78 10 113 25 36 21 15 3 433 354 79 2 95 7 193 13 27 13 70 3 199 84 115 45 6 12 54 48 6 16 163 2 290 44,755 34,537 10,218 14 3,616 177 1,159 749 181 444 124 1,184 496 159 5,747 1,752 3,995 1,637 66 384 3,615 3,389 226 496 9,308 1,741 274 509 587 2,368 1,575 40 293 106 36, 931 2,077 435 376 638 1,170 1,002 2,141 398 26 97 275 151 37 78 44 34 1,287 226 529 410 119 40 Jy 35,773 Jy 11,272 Fe8 17 No 3,719 Jy 201 Oo 1, 184 Se 206 Jy 486 Ja 155 Je 1,224 Ap 686 Je No 761 218 Oc 1,871 Fe 4, 244 Fe 1,883 Je3 68 My 401 Fe 3,546 No 306 My 582 Jy 9,728 Au 2,023 De 433 My 526 De 687 Mh 2,595 Je 1,725 Fe De 44 302 Ja 124 No 37, 636 Mh Je 477 399 Ap 669 Fe 727 Oc 1,416 Ap 1,103 Fe 2, 40O Fes 29 Oc 107 Mh 305 My Ja 154 56 Oo 61 Oo S3 De 1,440 Jy 282 Ja 4.53 Fe 144 Ap 55 De 32,201 No 8,372 Ja 3 11 Ap 3,516* Oo 151 44,051 33,684 10,367 il ►3,74* Fe 1, 137 Fe De No 161 383 104 No 1,108 Ja 324 No Fe 627 134 Jy 1,682 De 3,726 Au 1,381 Fe 63 De 365 Jy 2,884 Ap 167 De 431 De 8,298 Fe 1,394 Ja 191 No 491 Ja 477 De 1,997 De 1,415 Mv8 Ap 38 285 Au 86 Jy 36,036 Se No 343 345 No 588 Au 568 Ja 1,031 De 896 Jy 1,947 Jy3 Au Jy Ja Jy 22 89 261 147 21 Mh .30 Jas 16 .4u 821 Mh 159 No Jy 365 90 25 1,155 714 205 383 126 1,644 1,138 406 194 "5,457 1,711 3,746 1,678 66 364 3,704 3,399 305 547 8,711 429 617 2,650 1,428 456 40 303 1 112 38,294 2,093 420 382 618 673 1,211 2,018 411 29 100 151 52 145 59 86 1,430 218 603 375 128 44 13,030 11,297 1,733 16 3,647 262 870 713 205 382 126 1,170 822 348 373 194 5,258 1,666 3,592 1,524 60 353 3,665 3,361 304 622 8,687 1,576 429 308 186 2,277 1,066 9 115 1 89 13,924 2,041 420 370 598 653 769 900 909 247 29 90 128 147 52 142 56 86 1,152 218 415 296 119 44 25,502 18,824 6,678 242 1 280 237 43 96 ,130 3 3 9 9 192 459 356 320 241 30 188 23 23,155 27 18 1 330 74 1,009 149 10 139 1,733 1,164 669 1 12 3,786 2,399 1,387 8 Includes rented power, other than electrie. 41 216 24 2 19 78 10 46 1 47 42 27 $63,916,124 64,814,123 9,102,001 16,000 16,251,971 1,857,736 6,714,196 4,813,112 488,842 3,898,319 425,951 4, 173, 109 2, 186, 205 1,986,904 2,032,173 327,631 21,699,708 7,604,369 13,995,339 8, 134, 134 163,715 644,809 9,905,757 9,093,775 811,982 1,476,934 38, 182, 188 19,698,629 5,689,927 866,139 787,627 15,179,343 6,813,294 1,574,926 63,077 1,182, .558 3,325 325,966 29,281,074 6,719,289 1,881,686 1,192,665 1.597,646 2)047,402 2,088,614 1,296,992 5,027,943 1,731,941 53,350 933,113 745.478 1,300,843 108,037 304,344 135,763 168, 581 , 4,800,726 1,369,534 2,066,057 1,732,204 333,853 191,998 I Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1343 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- - facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments reports ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines. 1 In- temal- com- bus- tion. en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE ^T ATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1,632,010 1,282,538 349,472 1,500 445,039 80,870 121,281 140,605 32,817 80,041 27,747 142, 103 111,372 30,731 83,720 17,088 581,613 140,561 441,052 261,868 18,908 64,376 333,753 283,387 50,366 76, 167 778,585 187,296 31,779 79,439 50,880 178,087 72, 152 35,760 1,200 32,021 2,539 783,032 209,935 37,419 28,781 63,361 80,374 105,785 96,436 62,991 33,434 2,100 7,244 24,090 163,883 8,223 11, 765 6,725 5,040 125,714 61,567 95,290 77,360 17,930 9,543 $1,657,660 1,513,818 143, 842 1,028 637,051 21, 151 243,192 119,630 8,472 99,666 11,492 125,946 79,621 46,325 124,647 6,037 1,044,047 324,959 719,088 213,686 12,052 45,654 346,651 316,834 29,817 65,817 1,601,729 87, 130 54,923 79,978 190,515 216,038 161,372 40,957 2,666 35,650 2,641 1,405,364 189,474 26,277 50,853 52,728 59,616 39,096 163,700 259,150 50,856 26,274 24,582 61,613 6,270 16,860 4,586 12,274 172,105 44,319 43,965 33,477 10,488 $16,311,788 13,718,304 2,593,484 7,184 2,492,207 120,578 657,190 451,206 111,851 261,871 77,484 790,582 540,833 249,749 304,682 137, 505 3,475,414 1,126,404 2,349,010 905,238 50,195 318, 837 2,327,682 2,188,498 139, 184 307,421 6,308,179 1,240,297 235,857 290,835 208,819 1,784,929 784,923 178,442 18,422 120, 161 120 39,7.39 13,261,477 1,152,647 214,296 172, 798 371,423 394, 130 497,576 552,553 914,974 208,361 11,875 60,064 136,422 102,924 27,525 45,409 27,144 18,265 682,846 125,420 256,305 193,252 63,053 16,483 $6,098,112 6,072,681 25,531 $270,059 245,445 24,614 1,554 148,402 3,000 $163,005 117,124 45,881 3 89,570 4,274 18,171 10,695 120 13,229 14,227 5,564 4,463 4,200 24,502 24,231 21,888 1,863 19,070 955 2,070 13,161 2,070 23,974 528 7,120 6,041 8,608 29,830 7,970 10,423 6,834 598 49,607 89,865 74,040 9,498 6,250 19,803 40,109 1,856 615 83,615 27,040 6,323 54,237 18,429 637 6,548 3,983 3,983 30,980 39,971 32, 665 7,306 16,617 55,836 1,509 32,938 30,772 2,166 3,632 128,732 2,120 172,837 1,043 1,000 92,549 12,424 *,683 1,331 81,702 13,560 426,334 600 21,887 21,538 900 27,503 23,498 2,135 1,200 376 312 13,796 132 9,258 353,407 47,406 353,310 1,026 24,592 6,332,893 559 85,720 2,529 13,652 3,324 SCO 20,881 5,717 1,651 4,658 8,855 6,657 180 9,848 10,709 2,529 9,615 500 220 62,540 24,836 12,434 90O 3,224 8,310 8,487 1,113 6,301 5,401 900 35,393 4,126 9,927 3,968 211 1,879 1,878 5,337 485 1,652 734 918 9,473 146 21 125 10,484 3,119 3,119 4,712 15,339 11,303 4,03fi 1,011 3,352 7,779 6,631 1,148 368 $47,988,665 46,571,731 1,416,934 8,025 57,315,977 3,286,845 6,532,779 1,318,107 158,999 1,035,540 123,568 1,467,870 1,075,685 392, 185 1,041,166 62, 873 6,450,825 2,148,700 4,302,125 2,448,583 54,020 189,410 1,889,809 1,708,224 181,685 927,712 19,981,016 41,447,743 428,082 338,259 1,400,618 31,796,440 2,834,164 1,095,501 79,514 675,974 1,654 338,359 22,912,834 1,772,507 422,411 292,243 496,069 561,784 599,536 1,445,866 2,920,879 975,445 24,381 504,466 446,608 884,611 56,102 316,634 181,883 134,761 2,535,419 629,804 2,513,164 2,106,514 406,650 54,362 $806,816 481,364 325,452 1,135 288,712 31,096 100,907 21,616 68,339 10,952 65,363 34,098 31,265 14,345 2,892 254,072 96,526 157,546 256,035 1,794 26,133 119,947 111,260 8,687 10, 737 378,968 650,655 72,299 9,262 6,735 137,441 31,867 13,594 1,218 6,844 27 6,505 132,323 120,401 32,660 30,051 13,251 44,439 24,442 16,998 42,454 25,312 1,400 7,823 16,089 12,730 992 5,949 4,067 1,882 49,506 25,699 32,973 22,812 10,161 2,937 $86,938,554 81,034,861 6,903,693 28,230 65,191,272 3,611,861 10,098,393 2,457,683 401,540 1,738,299 317,844 2,779,800 1,915,639 864,161 2,117,525 333,880 14,999,061 4,861,054 10,138,007 5,002,709 180,015 923,234 6,365,013 5,845,772 519,241 1,674,913 36,763,060 •45,936,147 1,168,479 1,007,163 2, 171, 166 36,795,990 4,698,543 2,191,618 166,965 1,546,819 5,435 472,399 52,021,430 4,230,586 846,727 707,022 1,190,589 1,486,248 1,769,073 2,695,433 4,469,659 1,458,307 51,895 656,100 750,312 1,797,521 134,228 499,699 269,077 230,622 4,152,855 1,048,282 3,286,380 2,726,007 559,373 104,260 $38,143,073 33,981,766 4,161,307 19,070 7,586,583 3,496,991 1,038,669 220,925 634,420 183,324 1,246,567 805,856 440,711 1,062,024 268,115 8,294,164 2,615,828 5,678,336 2,298,091 124,201 707,691 4,355,257 4,026,288 328,969 736,464 15,403,076 3,837,749 658,098 659,642 764,803 4,862,109 1,732,512 1,082,523 86,233 866,001 3,754 127,635 28,976,273 2,337,678 391,656 384,728 681,269 880,025 1,145,095 1,232,569 1,506,326 457,550 26, 114 143,821 287,615 900,180 77,134 177,116 83,127 93,989 1,567,930 392,779 739,243 596,681 142,562 46,961 48,915 30,851 18,064 15 11,883 503 37,448 23,882 13,566 1,562 1,240 322 840 740 100 9,065 4,989 4,076 15 1,594 180 9,737 8,931 806 "■3,'344' 46 9,972 137 sit 182 i' 2,654 2,161 2,189 1,461 59 323 306 377 322 529 478 1,238 445 170 1,178 113 88 50 185 220 10 147 """■529" 2,001 711 688 602 120 1,268 743 511 200 338 350 409 193 60 60 922 625 7 65 225 302 52 45 7 10 8,246 4,466 846 2,934 2,414 2,873 649 274 1,950 13 5,373 6,789 106 3,817 5,631 18 572 303 37 984 855 51 2,401 2,237 775 4,224 3,791 433 548 21,574 60 2,615 2,288 327 70 8,789 74 172 155 17 323 8,363 641 1,437 1,348 89 155 4,422 ""993" 501 492 90 22,915 16,955 6,993 398 149 16,955 5,942 310 75 3,137 2,881 898 45 10 153 43 ■64 4,259 1,474 3,133 830 1,126 411 490 626 233 790 480 6 304 171 25 608 7 250 2,572 25 148 5 126 930 '"'ifi' ""'i93' 360 ""m 1,462 2 4 180 4,340 1,125 1,045 2,170 686 800 748 77 230 230 1,192 133 245 386 173 455 1,715 1,521 325 360 970 55 616 105 75 739 446 38 175 473 1,747 1,078 289 1,568 885 92 62 20 """so' 92 117 123 '"sis' 41 305 333 440 571 103 715 190 525 1,813 235 260 400 370 40 427 95 332 1,480 20 50 83 40 69 38 25 17 8 253 1 40 22 """255' 132 25 176 66 110 80 '"'"87" 12 75 1,333 2,373 1,777 596 111 290 1,480 1,240 240 60 107 67 57 10 50 936 826 480 346 1 26' 20 "Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1344 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND aTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- iend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Window and door screens, and weather strips. Window and door screens Weather strips Window shades and fixtures Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood distillation, not including tur- pentine and rosin. Wood preserving Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Wool pulling Wool scouring Wool shoddy Woolen and worsted ?oods.. All other industries * 3 12 186 171 181 25 336 1,375 1,351 205 1,247 358 273 98 226 25,048 26,593 4 21 157 117 6 380 546 6 513 1,551 2 'i46' 144 133 11 243 1,179 1,185 181 1,085 302 242 82 193 23,852 23,944 My 190 No 16 My 290 Ja 1,238 Ja 1,4.55 Mh 219 Fe8 1,160 No 325 Mh 263 112 Mh De Mh 25, 145 Se 51 Ja3 10 Au 210 De 1,107 Je My Au Ja No Oc Je» 994 169 988 289 220 47 183 No 23, 723 175 163 12 259 1,156 1,358 171 1,122 325 257 116 203 24, 133 23, 918 143 12 184 900 1,358 171 1,056 281 257 152 10,591 21,182 14 68 213 18 48 11,434 2,122 904 415 1,204 199 »501,80l 443,455 58,346 614,710 3,978,885 7,818,808 1,697,120 1,434,498 418,560 1,033,992 337,690 850,325 53,445,140 104,974,663 * All other industries embrace- Aluminum ware 4 Bags, other than paper 8 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 3 Canning and preserving, fish 2 Cars, electric-railroad, not inohid- ing operations of railroad com- panies 2 Cash registers and calculating mar chines 2 China decorating, not including that done in potteries ." 4 Clocks 2 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 6 Combs and hairpins, not made from metal or rubber 2 Engravers' materials 1 Firearms 3 Fuel, manufactured 1 .Glucose and starch 1 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 4 Graphite, ground and refined 3 Grindstones , . . . 1 Horseshoes 4 Iron and steel, doors and shut- ters 1 Ivory, shell, and bone work, not in- cluding combs and hairpins 4 Linen goods 1 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 8 Matches 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. ALLENTOWN— All mdustries.. Boots and shoes Bread and other bakery products — Brick Carriages and wagons and materials . Clothing, men's Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Furniture, wood, other than rattan and willow. Hosiery and knit goods Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products Marble and stone work, other than slate. Printing and publishing, book and job, job prmting and linotype work. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing and job printing. Publishing without printing Silk goods, including throwsters . Structural ironwork Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 297 15,072 904 233 144 43 165 46 66 860 94 766 723 302 22 165 146 37 140 255 222 33 4,552 25 2,018 4,218 328 306 573 18 100 55 265 180 13,685 Mhl4,120 Se 13,040 820 180 131 32 146 36 3 33 63 686 644 275 15 135 116 31 179 179 4,416 17 1,890 3,693 De De Ap 858 189 161 35 157 (<) 3 (')■ 3 Jy3 3H Jas 29 Des 67 Oc» 48 Au3 .Te Fe Mh Ap' Jy Jea 746 702 16 148 125 37 Oc 118 m Ap 4,762 My 21 No 2,000 Je Ja Ap Oc De No De Jy 00 3 De Fe Oc Fe (') 766 172 102 28 134 67 635 686 14 124 102 12 99 179 Se 3, 773 DeS 14 Ja 1,805 13,674 866 8,271 635 182 172 161 160 30 30 144 35 39 33 3 3 36 30 63 53 781 769 72 72 709 697 624 599 311 27 16 16 124 124 119 119 32 32 122 98 179 121 179 121 4,208 1,989 17 17 1,996 208 3,670 3,134 4,734 255 7 1,910 1,747 412 10 158 ..... 281 35 12 151 "38 35 $26,715,867 869,589 256,570 293, 970 86,100 123,998 114,666 9,486 105,081 65,836 1,569,302 140, 794 1,428,508 740, 199 361,822 51,535 1,969,835 381,811 36,214 239,009 510, 376 503,000 7,376 6,057,567 24,448 1,037,132 11,927,988 "■ All other mdustries embrace- Automobiles Automobile repairing Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing Boot and shoe cut stock Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packing, exceot cigar boxes 1 Brass and bronze products 2 Brooms. Brushes Cars and general shoo construction and repairs by electrio-railroad com- panies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Owned power only. Chemicals 1 Clothing, women's 3 Cooperage 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles, exclu- sive of that done in textile mills 4 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Flour-mill and ^Istmill products 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Fur TOods 1 Furnishing goods^ men's 2 G as and electric fixtures 3 Gas, illuminating and heat- ing 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Hardware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft© MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1345 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- hus- tion en- gines.^ Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 113,843 9,560 4,283 24,095 118,337 99,717 11,194 52,013 16,076 32,910 9,343 6,683 972,899 1,658,781 $5,269 3,707 1,562 41,369 75,290 24,860 7,220 32,725 4,856 15,780 3,791 5,996 912,043 2,167,248 73,619 7,289 160, 735 538,777 681,763 116,867 620,589 132,885 151,697 43,356 97,838 10,703,807 13,061.842 $100 11,704 *1,884 100 1,344 360 13,897 18,449 1,687 197 4,049 10,383 120 1,673 24,096 9,361 43,840 3,288 6,286 1,185 5,448 5,148 12,088 4,510 7,200 6,000 6,970 365,834 140,669 4,180 1,153 2,469 125,882 398,861 1,023,338 80,094 $247,023 224,314 22,709 584,603 2,008,472 1,777,735 2,372,486 658,932 187,828 2,058,190 17,831 754,072 43,046,840 37,350,465 $3,103 2,022 1,081 3,503 47,219 439, 853 4,415 14,937 3,876 16,731 13, 155 15, 135 695, 612 1,601,146 $449,939 396,886 53,053 3,409, 3,417, 2,557, 1,584, 483, 2,671,891 126, 959, 63, 113, 68, 362, $199,813 170,550 29,263 400,020 1,353,359 1,199,611 180, 535 910, 728 292,134 596,970 95,551 190, 259 19,370,608 29,411,010 884 460 424 68 2,847 2,514 780 3,016 1,197 650 990 1,307 42, 869 62,82,' 705 300 405 40 1,344 780 2,281 947 543 975 1,252 36,720 46,960 65 215 546 478 187 3,291 9,502 71 878 125 114 110 4 28 1,288 185 63 107 15 55 1,980 6,236 417 4,427 58,414 Mats and matting, from cocoa fiber and grass 2 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes. . . 7 Nets and seines 3 Ofl, esiiential 2 PendQs.lead 2 Pens, steel 1 FhonQgiaphs and graphophones 1 Pipes, tobacco 2 Pulp goods 3 Sand and emery paper and cloth 3 Sand-lime brick 1 Saws ■ 16 Screws, wood . . .' 1 Sen ing machines and attachments ... 1 Smelting and refining, lead 1 Smelting and refining, zinc 2 Soda-water apparatus 6 Sporting and athletic goods 8 Tinfoil 1 Type founding 3 Typewriters and supplies 6 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 15 Watch and clock materials 2 Watchcases 2 Watches 1 Whips 3 Wire 7 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $630,309 64,068 1,300 4,436 2,690 11,000 11,000 3,200 43, 159 2,500 40,669 56,999 11,316 37,610 3,663 15,560 14,560 1,000 93,521 47, 181 241,716 $664,808 23,827 4,186 2,744 12,261 3,840 3,840 2,894 47,918 5,346 42,572 28,239 6,919 676 23,916 4,614 3,494 18,963 16,404 2,559 105, 494 255 88,340 286,228 $6,500,701 334,610 102,987 60,185 18,105 56,681 19,119 2,630 16, 689 46,362 443,301 33,745 409,666 302,384 86,571 9,325 101,486 75,407 21,003 60,772 78,749 78,749 1,969,811 10,804 620,690 2,082,449 $856,082 408 1,000 71,274 1,200 1,200 450 667 651 S,843 350 5,493 774,085 504 $126,249 5,760 6,165 3,255 60 1,940 4,236 276 3,960 398 11,830 150 11,680 7,360 3,365 314 3,811 2,832 2,500 332 46,509 400 12,371 16,547 $498, 816 2,877 1,775 519 560 450 15 684 68 4,183 958 3,225 2,786 603 138,662 1,685 15 1,618 1,514 4 13,323 133 292,711 34, 736 $20,168,792 999,447 354,592 28,166 8,065 216,771 149,004 8,067 140,937 60,600 399,239 39,494 359,745 287,977 263,553 12,056 384,495 161,660 39,257 60,913 79,786 79,436 350 6,059,671 19,180 1,168,344 9,426,016 $636,000 7,684 11,904 28,078 758 1,709 4,013 311 3,702 176 21,750 2,194 19,566 12,334 4,630 227 17,786 6,564 1,141 2,890 8,334 8,278 56 58,170 676 5,856 341,421 $33,918,299 $13,213,607 1,577,945 558,629 178,661 42,665 396,671 204,464 14,451 190,013 121,923 1,231,552 106,315 1,126,237 781,586 420, 825 30,032 830,423 284,112 75,711 182,161 291,533 274,677 16,856 10,209,972 41,920 2,694,602 13,763,022 670,814 192,033 122, 417 33,832 178,191 61,447 6,073 45,374 61,148 810,563 63,627 746,936 481,275 162,742 17,749 428,142 125,888 35,313 118,358 203,413 186,963 16,450 4,092,131 22,064 1,520,402 3,996,585 22,219 504 139 265 33 13 111 10 101 18 891 200 691 838 206 2 767 649 39 95 284 279 3,304 42 ■ 307 13, 812 17,595 355 266 20 200 390 775 140 641 106 2,374 260 12, 030 337 30 12 12 140 37 139 4,148 119 139 96 69 2 126 444 36 95 254 249 5 705 5 47 1,626 2,044 772 772 10 16 43 20 1,092 Hats, fur-felt 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 1 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Jewelry 1 Jute goods 1 Lime 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Mineral and soda waters 4 Optical goods 1 Patent medicines and compounds 11 Paving materials 3 Photo-engraving, not done in^rinting establishments 1 Pluihbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Pumps, steam and other power 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soap 1 Stamped ware not elsewhere specified. 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Umbrellas and canes i Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Window and door screens 3 Wood, turned and carved '. a ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. 82ioi°-i8 — 85 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1346 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 69.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS IN-rUSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber . of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INB»USTRY. WAGE EAKNEES DEC. 16, OK NEAR- EST BEPSKaENTATIVE DAY. ■ Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tb day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 AITOONA-AII industries Bread and other bakery products Ice, manufactured 70 11,452 152 72 111 117 231 10,769 68 24 ■ "s" 4 6 29 122 2 7 5 5 5 98 479 51 10,732 Ja 11 ,641 Oct.10,283 10,547 9,903 526 56 62 113,793,623 f, 23 3 3 3 10 28 2 3 7 2 21 444 6 3 1 3 14 24 118 59 93 103 185 10, 174 Au3 Se \^ 121 83 113 136 192 Ja 3 115 Ja 22 De 80 Ja 70 Ap 176 119 38 80 73 186 10,051 113 36 79 71 155 9,449 6 2 2 28 488 225,246 233,240 939,841 292,217 450,912 11,652,167 s 4 Liquors, malt 1 5 Lumber, planing-mill products Printing and publishing fi 3 52 "'62' 7 All other industries* * All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 1 Carriages and wagons 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Clothing, men's Confectionery and ice cream , Capper, tin, and sheet-iron work. 1 I Electroplating 1 5 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 1 EKIE— All industries. . Artificial stone products , Automobile repairing , Brasi and copper products Bread and other bakery products. . Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials . Clothing, men's Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Engines, steam, gas, and water Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Hand stamps •. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda watecB Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments, organs, and organ materials. Oil, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds ■ . . Printingandpublishingjjob printing, and book publishing without print- ing. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing, publishing, and job prlntmg. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing. . Stoves and furnaces, including and oil stoves. Tobacco, cigars Wall plaster All other industries * 363 12,575 4 5 18 9 5 4 4 6 5 24 3 104 38 36 93 323 7 279 134 361 66 3,079 1,749 1,330 5 164 320 22 20 27 112 56 306 212 203 9 10 102 479 120 17 6,119 280 1 1 171 652 1 16 4 24 16 141 55 5 1 271 230 11,016 1 104 27 28 75 259 2 49 250 103 318 36 2,788 1,659 1,129 1 135 260 13 11 21 23 4 263 129 129 79 429 87 10 5,512 Ap 11,1 No 10,241 My Je Je Jy8 (0 265 2 Mh 57 Mh3 254 Se ' 111 Ja ' 332 Mys 37 Fe 1,931 Ja 1,295 («) 1 Au 140 My 298 Se 16 Je.s 14 Mh' 26 Au» 104 Fe' Ja 274 No ' 132 Oo Fe Fe' No' 82 458 Ja Mh No De (<) No» Ja» No Ap' 14 25 65 243 2 43 242 87 286 35 Jy 1,490 De 935 (*) 1 Ap 130 Te 211 Fe' De' No De De' (*) Au 248 Ja De Se Mh' 74 379 10,771 50 246 107 295 35 2,679 1,630 1,049 2 134 12 13 22 102 22 4 130 130 79 396 10 5,393 9,233 1,214 217 107 36 27 83 216 2 49 47 106 294 35 2,544 1,519 1,025 2 134 21 4 166 124 124 75 10 4,371 50 122 110 12 96 750 177 r38,530,405 45,554 27,359 271,451 412,306 7,357 130,950. 193,237 279,580 2, 216, 714 484,572 9,817,961 5,339,808 4,478,153 2,400 2,782,043 1,373,091 40,791 107, 202 18, 802 232,341 363,833 13,638 705,761 447,298 445,554 1,744 7,310 301,280 1,087,040 17,592 17,052,944 * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 , Aluminum ware 2 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, andsails 2 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Boxes, wooden packing, except cigar boxes 1 Brooms 2 Brushes 2 Buttons 1 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Carriages and sleds, children's 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not Including operations otrailroad companies 1 Cleansing preparations 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery tod ice cream 6 Cooperage 3 Cork, cutting 1 Corsets '. 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies, 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles, ex- clusive of that done in textile mills.. 2 Electroplating 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Fur goods 2 Furniture 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 1 Grea.se and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 1 Hardware 3 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1347 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract worlc. Rent and taxes. , For materials. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments re_port- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. t218,623 $515,560 te, 915, 440 J202, 155 ill, 284 $120,212 $13,424,459 $328,918 $22,592,676 $8,839,299 7,682 6,735 28 919 9,036 1 2,980 8,580 11,495 4,200 11,590 179,778 2,536 4,170 8,531 4,840 24,1^9 471,334 65,689 28,633 51,830 57,699 139,554 6,572,035 3,699 1,726 1,538 69,790 1,269 1,990 43,899 216,645 22,332 88,149 244,532 97,233 12,755,568 7,576 9,614 9,594 1,922 4,603 295,609 374,990 90,448 337,173 384,743 358,362, 21,046,960 150,769 58,502 239,430 138,289 256,526 7,995,783 118 340 652 177 252 6,143 118 ? 3,206 791 1,200 715 196,243 340 530 105 3 122 72 252 355 "9, 636' 4 1,200 3,310 3,075 ■i 6 5,760 28 7 Foodpreparations.notelsewherespeci- fled 2 Foundry and machine-shop products . 1 Furniture 1 I Jewelry 1 I Monuments and tombstones 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Patent medicines and compoimds 1 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 | Mineral and soda waters 3| Silkgoods 1 $943,064 $880,393 $6,735,534 $186,740 $84,889 $296,975 $15, 173, 161 $922,012 $29,447,084 $13,351,911 26, 852 18,557 2,006 6,289 11,820 1 60 12 392 166 45 38 40 95 679 842 6,711 3,933 2,778 1 858 1,312 15 75 49 132 210 4 238 165 165 80' 42 2 105 33 45 31 18 10 207 133 2 3 4 5 6 7 40 60 39 272 3J86 1,976 1,210 1 130 348 5 41 25 132 22 io" 515 13 4,541 3,327 1,214 ■■"iis' 40 2 60 7 8 ■■■'eis' 260 3,177 1,857 1,320 35 25 320 348 100 248 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 728 932 30" 16 32 10 4 24 17 18 19 20 ?1 150 50 60 3 ?? 1- 188 165 165 23 ?4 '"^ •'6 07 2 254 404 2 34 126 71 30 OS .220 260 ■X) 18 30 11 50 14,003 i 50 1,069 ' 'e.lns" ?? 12,065 869 33 2,160 18,559 7,445 780 1,972 3,700 13,719 1,560 9,410 38,030 21,470 231,434 99,318 132, 116 1,734 19,824 4,200 35,840 17,345 169.691 75,096 94,595 34,221 46,130 19,593 22,763 1,300 15,070 21,000 1,704 480 5,166 17,958 24,632 8,390 8,390 6,030 65,167 59,214 5,953 17,567 22,621 45,327 159,500 1,070 31.394 93,857 79,280 200,630 23,625 1,873,123 1,166,072 707,051 610 90,169 206,557 10,528 6,794 16,307 61,889 16,361 2,456 135,541 89,991 89,991 300 780 500 5,992 3,850 1,332 1,200 1,020 11,087 3,723 11,087 3,723 552 26,167 1,646 660 780 1,617 100 525 102 670 18,820 37,532 2,500 1,000 402,401 12,387 49,570 4,040 1,240 405,490 4,194 60,669 266,771 56,804 5,615 3,157,284 215 12,031 12,031 6,660 8,639 195 52 1,272 1,848 724 91 981 3,591 2,811 31,228 17,848 13,380 4 165,565 7,221 51 500 13 779 1,257 1,663 1,078 ,1,078 15,803 26,345 176,535 440,694 1,104 454 474 7,153 16,907 61 28,994 1,210 271,999 1,282 100,339 2,805 264,601 13,528 1,350,447 6,346 2,122,275 181,766 1,262,629 128,128 869,646 53,638 1,190 82 294,613 23,856 689,301 6,688 420 136,238 1,460 2,764 620 40,079 1,603 3,159 16,026 25 65, 131 28,540 23,425 5,723 104,486 245,099 2,746 148,748 73,063 72,621 442 1,935 1,153,917 282,769 68,264 22,769 7,227,437 149 383 355 2,020 1,307 95 4,968 3,928 3,928 196 7,055 10,605 325 1,096 627,018 45,799 55,755 257,184 745,670 3,950 84,114 410,806 235, 813 787,562 1,469,852 5,823,738 3,283,939 2,539,799 4,025 1,101,755 1,033,114 52,550 42,700 26,861 208,757 340,477 7,562 438, 729 328,089 305,751 22,338 8,160 1,272,986 803,879 173,557 39,029 13,644,611 29,542 28,936 73,496 288,069 2,785 53,910 137,525 132,669 509,433 113,069 3,519,697 1,893,182 1,626,615 2,753 783,286 337,125 23,861 18,892 20,783 102,251 94,071 4,721 285,013 251,098 229,202 21, 896 6,029 112,014 610,605 104,968 15.164 5, 790, 156 Hosiery and knit goods 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere speclfted 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Jewelry .'. 3 Lithographing 2 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Mattresses and spring be4s 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 1 Opticalgoods 3 Paints ■. 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 4 Rubber goods 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boatbuilding 4 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Silk goods 1 Soap 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Structural u'onwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Washmg machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Wirework 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 Woolen goods 1 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same niunber reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1348 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA'. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS mDUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAQED IN THE INDUSTRY. "WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. HARBISBUKG— All industries.. 219 9,280 206 240 638 230 Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons and materials. . Confectionery (ice cream) Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. • Liquors, malt Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 269 40 31 30 495 1,119 101 18 16 51 241 478 1,074 5,317 39 8 6 1 9 3 10 23 23 3 6 3 5 5 141 9 101 13 392 29 6 151 7,966 I Fe 8,651 Oc 7,297 7,778 5,356 2,305 205 31 20 25 419 1,035 195 324 1,036 4,556 Ja Je Je My Ja 217 37 26 28 488 Je 1,237 Je My Jy Ja3 21 Ja 303 No 332 Ja 1, 100 Ap Ja3 Fe3 De De 196 28 16 22 318 Oc 627 Des Fes Ja3 Jea Je* Au My 76 150 317 961 218 34 17 22 419 795 76 11 5 20 194 333 1,059 4,575 205 33 14 21 410 795 75 11 5 13 132 292 102 3,248 57 1,278 50 67 121,650,149 443,134 55,149 110,070 42,405 2,034,441 6,224,578 1,332,658 29,888 19,885 63,487 447,367 810,942 419,562 9,616,593 *A11 other industries embrace— Artificial limbs 2 .Artificial stone products ■ 1 Automobile bodies and parts : . . . 1 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bookbinoingandblank-bookmaking. 1 Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes 4 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass products 2 Brick and tile 1 Brooms «. " 1 Butter 2 Carpets, rag. 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies J 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations . 1 Clothing, women's 6 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Collars and cuffs, men's 2 Confectionery a Dental goods 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products. . .. 1 Food preparations 5 Gas , iiluminating and heating 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 JOHNSTOWN— All industries.... Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Mineral and soda waters Monuments and tombstones Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. All other industries * 136 13,915 134 189 1,165 250 12,177 178 22 82 73 196 143 7 10 160 12,982 20 1,059 18 2 4 207 125 15 63 68 137 104 3 6 48 124 11,604 Fe 13,278 No 10,816 11,218 110,746 336 85 51 $36,706,981 My De3 Au Jy Oc (<) 3 («) 6 (•) « ie 134 De 3 117 m Je3 Ja Fe Fe (<) 3 (n 48 Mh -118 119- 15 68 51 133 109 123 10,543 94 15 37 48 133 109 107 10, 166 19 13 256 237,524 19,480 138,435 149,866 1,675,082 378,676 15,700 33,076 57,085 332,777 33,669,280 *A11 other industries embrace — Automobiles . . ■ 1 Automobile repairing 3 Brass products 1 Brick and tile 3 Brooms 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cnemicals 1 Clothing, men's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Confectionery (ice cream) 4 Cooperage 2 Engraving and diesinking 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products .... 2 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Foundry and machine-shop products. 6 Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Gas machines and gas and water meters 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Hand stamps 1 Ice, manufactured 2 PHILADELPHIA— All indus- tries. Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Asbestos products, not Including steam packing. Automobile bodies and parts Automobiles Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt metal and solder , Bags, paper, not includnig bags made in paper mills. Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Blacking, stains, and dressings Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe findings B oots md shoes 8,464 294, 643 22 206 16 747 343 1,499 162 170 78 109 232 98 1,621 64 4,338 8,987 173 38 14 7,298 20,268 1 148 6,814 261,286 Mh 261, 435 De 242,380 261, 11 186 13 623 269 1,205 114 111 60 157 63 1,393 53 3,970 ApS Ap De De 12 313 21 777 Oc» 1,268 Je 166 Oo 130 Ja 62 Ap 96 Ja Mh Fe Jy 163 70 1,519 61 4,147 Ja No 95 483 219 1,0 Ja Ja ■ 93 Ja 91 Au 56 Ja 79 Oo 153 De 51 Au 1,291 Au 4.? My 3,711 11 194 16 780 262 1,179 124 118 60 90 167 73 1,431 57 3,994 166,160 76,921 10 194 16 766 266 1,176 90 118 26 87 148 39 684 36 2,541 1 32 691 18 1,281 1772,696,709 42, 161 226,164 29,241 1,767,971 699,312 1,214,201 221,576 796,213 79,120 82,766 738,417 213,650 1,552,811 54,062 4,574,735 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES^PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1349 E.KFENSE3. Value of products. Valua added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines." Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $513,661 9,045 1,800 49,121 87,775 9,490 3,488 22, 160 40, 120 12,743 277,919 1721,873 10,750 564 1,760 1,112 27,627 67, 113 7,456 630 1,124 10,423 13,757 73,283 18,414 487,860 $4,457,488 , 123,551 18,326 10,533 15,201 237,883 743,384 64,564 8,538 5,260 6,730 125,976 188,793 306, 140 2,612,619 $63,048 $101,181 $268,194 4,515 350 195 2,175 1,500 132 300 1,030 3,795 663 953 276 7,069 443 12,000 17,605 71,785 449 136 312 500 50O 294 192 804 2,942 3,503 3,872 1,155 1,250 7,710 3,892 297 51,201 7,978 60,646 125,679 24,426 $9,880,723 $724,436 439,636 23,524 98, 157 14,096 238,780 2,532,001 125,388 5,666 6,849 42,697 94,871 238, 187 556,620 5,464,251 18,037 1,335 4,254 215 13, 766 433,637 12,716 493 303 667 5,728 6,818 4,449 222, 017 $18,872,166 $8,266,998 794,310 62,584 138,063 39, 255 750,143 4,028,321 367,843 25,093 29,449 73,245 335,273 700,972 1, 105, 804 10,421,801 336,637 37, 725 36,652 24,944 497,697 1,062,683 229,739 18,934 22,297 29,881 234,674 465,967 544,735 4, 735, 533 24,216 206 41 146 1,131 17,106 684 52 10 9 247 385 108 4,091 80 "940 13,950 560 36 2,477 5,963 160 40 66 173 3,156 134 30 10 167 346 68 1,606 2,709 548 1,267 80 144 31 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 1 Hand stamps 2 Hosiery and knit goods 4 Ice, manototared. 1 Jewelry 2 Lumber, planing-mlll products 3 "" I and spring beds 3 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified ; 1 Faints 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 2 Photo-engraving 1 Roofing material 1 Saddlery and harness 6 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing estabUshments... 1 Silk goods 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Soap 1 Tin plate and temeplate . '. 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl 1 Typewriters 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 (482,746 $1,601,498 $8, 684, 586 $20,798 $487,320 $492,612 $30,366,343 $4,074,964 $50,973,960 $16,532,653 116,466 109,601 2,124 4,840 58,646 7,465 1,920 5,460 4,973 25,800 16,517 11,664 600 8,900 1,352 51,917 10,862 650 \3,120 14,780 403,711 936 19,076 1,495,751 64,626 11,071 15,671 33,274 96,239 69,969 1,708 5,447 26,923 95,343 8,265,316 125 'i8,'482' 8,670 972 8,640 441 8,000 1,300 2,191 700 3,015 3,240 452,342 1,256 45 559 952 167,101 1,745 129 105 104 i,178 319,439 224,661 6,146 51,990 66,071 225,347 190,803 2,696 11,375 23,875 109,212 29,454,267 6,600 526 2,898 1,667 21,799 16,163 152 252 1,190 4,361 4,019,356 397,799 35,660 100,929 131,733 892,871 340,667 29,329 69,287 317,638 48,648,869 166,638 28,978 46,041 63,995 645,725 133,601 6,540 17,702 44,222 203,965 15, 175, 246 160 23 39 76 1,089 918 6 11 36 111 113,997 2 75 1,071 239 108,114 6 2 4 2,113 160 23 37 1 18 679 6 6 33 107 3,770 366 68,281 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rollrng mills 1 Malt 1 I and spring beds 2 Models and patterns, not including paperpattems 1 Paints 1 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Photo-engraving, not done in printing estabUshments 1 Rubber goods 1 Saddlery and harness 5 Silk goods 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 4 Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel worlts or rolling mills. 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Steam packing i Stoves, gas and oil 1 Structural ironwork i Tobacco, cigars 3 Wall plaster 1 Washmg machines and clothes wringers 1 Wire 1 $20,689,722 $26,645,425 $138,249,444 $9,192,176 $9,417,897 $8,241,522 $436,318,434 $14,878,757 $784,499,633 $333,302,442 465,678 383,378 26,469 680 55, 161 127,820 io' 408 58 6 36' 40 '"'299' 1 390 13,112 650 9,836 70 54,510 66,417 61,749 7,488 28,564 2,220 1,719 53,629 17,594 90,691 1,000 238,319 9,068 148,012 7,673 495,739 176,790 972,647 73,272 70,473 21,918 45,523 107,705 28,277 724,046 24,582 2,368,484 800 18,550 3,556 5,576 1,300 53,417 18,284 117,557 8,526 4,110 3,720 5,146 21,604 1,995 98,871 2,445 91,595 239 237 15 1,278 109 3,418 679 834 135 210 1,024 494 919 186 10,310 12,174 190,816 44,470 701,134 374,495 877,597 271,171 908,740 69,587 48,754 1,090,598 275,336 590,533 43,321 4,286,240 624 2,241 10 17,566 9,126 25,197 3,587 9,203 848 1,089 7,543 9,620 15,817 2,318 42,813 41,480 407,168 63,427 1,577,277 847,926 2,599,633 481,808 1,157,664 130,272 146,974 1,507,020 393,168 1,967,732 102,854 8,761,494 28,682 214,111 18,947 858,577 464,305 1,696,839 207,050 239,721 59,837 97,131 408,879 108,202 1,361,382 57,215 4,432,441 7 145 6 1,216 358 803 46 132 29 16 252 204 630 10 1,636 '""ioo' 569 100 2 40 1 82 58 153 9 5 5 5 565 200 641 46 15 11 16 31 2 424 10 367 2 3 4 5 6 7 82,807 32,274 47,872 1,200 26,257 1,560 4,060 37,312 18,041 91,695 1,600 183,912 250 3,624 33,898 1,717 117 9 10 520 150 18 185 196 36 6 206 12 13 14 15 16 360 21,216 92 45,549 i,i25 i44 3 Same number reported for one or more other months. 4 Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1350 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male, Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PHILADELFHIA— Continued. Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Paper boxes and cartons All other Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. Brass and bronze All other Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers Another Brick and tile, terrarcotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Fire brick, and architectural and fireproofing terra cotta. Brooms Brushes, other than toilet , Carpets and rugs, other than rag . Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages, wagons, and repairs. . . Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-raihoad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Chemicals Cleansing and pohshing preparations . Cleansing preparations Polishing preparations , Clothing, horse Clothing, men's Men's and youths' Boys' Contract work Clothing, men's, buttonholes. Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirt waists and dresses, except house dresses. Undergarments and petticoats. . . Wrappers and house dresses All other Contract work Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffee Spice Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum . Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels All other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cordage and twine Cork, cutting Corsets Cotton goods Cotton lace , Cotton small wares Cutlery and edge tools Dairymen's and poultrymen's sup- plies. Dental goods Druggists' preparations Dyeing and ftnishing textiles Dyestuffsand extracts 5 70 67 3 34 82 3,964 3,949 15 1,085 7 60 57 3 42 2 68 67 1 11 73 3,640 3,629 11 974 99 99 97 97 28 ■30 46 41 5 1,053 7 1,046 1,041 862 179 7,421 1,428 5,993 39 37 2 1,056 3 1,053 48 33 15 83 15 68 74 61 13 599 191 403 20 15 5 169 35 134 860 716 144 5,514 1,134 4,330 34 1,545 1,126 419 51 39 35 3 1,417 1,040 377 25 9 45 6 23 16 17 18 1 2 20 28 106 297 24 31 1 14 1 16 " "s' 80 231 59 14 11 104 87 17 8,890 215 86 1,257 1,172 85 59 14 13 118 95 23 139 17 2 43 42 1 257 3 6 33 32 1 67 1 1 6 6 8,368 130 64 1,057 997 60 4 1,240 16 39 1,185 10 4,123 70 136 3,917 15 25 11 14 2,185 159 70 89 7 25 10 15 46 15 7 8 155 22 9 13 44 14 6 8 1,933 83 38 45 7 404 161 18 225 15 434 185 153 234 8,164 5,142 157 2,865 183 17,372 5,973 8,606 7 577 243 30 304 20 667 295 245 6 112 110 ""•i 23 730 725 5 8 2 3 190 6,511 3,835 120 2,556 163 15,201 5,067 7,679 250 104 104 328 339 396 426 168 182 18 15 29 34 1,109 637 615 432 27 20 32 48 19 15 6 2 44 19 27 3 38 16 20 2 981 567 530 377 49 844 56 28 193 69 498 44 5 12 S03 341 174 52 4 14 15 13 7 111 82 22 59 10 9 266 232 122 196 134 62 4,076 3,510 566 198 132 66 92 80 12 191 161 30 133 98 35 3,462 3,039 423 42 35 7 128 .8 605 548 57 2,224 1,514 56 44 12 171 4 7 5 2 75 23 18 16 2 163 31 3 2 1 50 7 521 481 40 1,765 1,449 5 5 92 5 23 8 29 57 5,624 1,639 1,789 122 2 5 94 3 16 6 6 1 152 40 41 7 1 4 166 152 36 7 1 ■■"69' 30 15 19 47 5,143 1,414 1,681 102 4 82 2 5 6 3 66 33 22 116 4 964 1,883 4,102 22 44 9 132 2 42 43 147 5 43 265 185 7 28 140 49 802 1,421 3,589 8 JaS 74 Dea 72 Oc Se Ap 3,744 13 1,000 De De Se 3,523 7 945 Ja Fe 738 169 Go Se 685 117 Mh No 1,264 4,369 No Ja 1,123 4,298 Au Au Se3 Fe 1,213 411 237 Mh 8,975 De 205 Fe 63 My 1,087 Je 64 Je3 1,187 Ja 4, 133 Se 1,983 Oc 41 Fe 52 Fe 201 Fe 4, 158 My 134 Mh 2,673 Je 3 165 Oc 5,813 Mh 3,610 Mh 1,094 Ap 636 My 620 My 404 Oc 276 Ja 249 Oc 3 134 De 3,645 Je 537 Se 518 Ja 44 Ja 1,970 Fe 1,529 Mhs Ap3 Ja Fe Ap My My 24 50 5,550 1,633 1,728 111 82 Je 939 Fe 1, 587 Mh 3,791 Je 9 Fe Ap Ja3 Au 666 338 72 226 No 7,658 My 162 Au 61 De No 56 De s 1, 184 Oc 3,803 No 1,879 Fe 34 My 3 41 De 161 Oc 3, 416 De 96 No 2,452 Se 3 162 De 4,324 Jy 6,580 Au 868 An 481 De 446 Au 321 Jy 258 De 201 Ja 105 Je 2, 516 Fe 329 Oc 404 Au 38 No 1,684 Je 1,354 Au Fe Se De Nos No Au Au 12 32 4,864 1,078 1,595 94 52 616 1,301 No 3,472 Oc 7 72 3,583 3,571 12 860 732 128 5,597 1,166 4,431 1,442 1.080 89 228 8,307 204 65 1,007 948 59 1,184 3,874 1,889 85 40 45 179 6,882 3,988 128 2,768 163 15,368 5,172 7,775 939 578 487 417 475 274 201 127 3,894 3,469 425 493 453 40 1,761 1,435 28 49 5,337 1, 456 1,597 102 61 648 1,371 3,569 29 956 949 7 71S 121 4,695 681 4,014 1,439 1,077 362 89 181 5,277 141 65 1,003 944 59 1,182 3,854 1,776 51 22 29 48 4,303 2,516 76 1,716 47 5,074 3,273 1,304 122 103 74 198 143 117 1,703 1,356 352 444 404 40 1,739 717 16 7 2,785 625 409 58 367 578 2,998 7 43 2,257 2,252 5 2 19 12 7 822 443 379 20 109 31 18 13 127 2,462 1,372 52 1,038 108 10, 145 1,852 6,402 802 471 401 217 193 131 62 34 1,939 1,916 73 654 12 41 2,218 734 1,061 3 265 754 485 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. f24 20 13 123 35 14 339 339 154 11 124 33 60 15 4 12 144 144 38 1 211 62 113 130, 769 3,211,747 3,208,332 3,415 1,875,788 3,351,364 2,672,472 678, 892 15,097,617 5,161,422 9,936,196 3,394,928 2, £01, 894 893,034 73, 993 476,695 25,635,136 156, 290 204,226 1,817,681 1,749,054 68,527 975,553 4,828,817 14,462,516 237, 240 119,125 118, 115 419, 156 13,329,010 12,866,727 258,811 203,472 37,862 12, 156, 179 4,208,456 5, 654, 231 1,336,558 407,258 499,618 60,058 1,842,207 1,620,886 221,321 313,898 6,421,009 4,372,650 2,048,359 1,430,491 1,381,596 48,395 3,588,706 5,177,928 46,135 41,677 11,415,045 7,050,306 2,835,671 305,833 145,937 2,468,150 • 8,213,300 7,002,168 33,899 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1351 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Regt ol factory. Taxes, includ- ing In- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.! Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIEp INDUSTRIES— Continued. $199,596 199,696 70,228 144,907 109,527 35,380 200,054 55,143 144,911 73,642 35,726 37,916 310 27,740 447,921 8,594 3,225 86, 782 85,482 1,300 19,650 192,669 240,981 28,946 14,664 14,282 12,100 326,010 323, 710 574,998 255,440 212,647 71,238 10,448 22,575 2,650 109,799 65,799 44,000 14,620 318,718 272,972 45,746 15,212 12,804 2,408 174,527 103,600 5,029 1,600 387.493 169,625 111,039 9,916 8,972 83,272 202,924 329,212 9,150 12,000 133,556 132,756 800 36,027 92,168 75,017 17,151 805,153 308, 121 497,032 35,560 15,951 19,609 780 16,595 368,725 1,997 10,225 37,832 36,896 44,945 123,175 213,714 26,387 11,806 14,581 38,210 769,267 754,259 13,524 1,484 1,135,593 411,073 557,172 105,581 21,252 38,285 2,230 346,302 213,174 133, 128 37,678 315,557 258, 108 57,449 16,961 15,637 1,324 255,368 54i236 1,456 2,966 294,489 279,557 61,426 4,216 7,468 78,466 445,068 181,518 11,719 $31,980 1,332,646 1,327,220 5,426 520,748 573,305 470,561 102, 744 3,244,360 441,776 2,802,584 768,975 582,762 186,213 52,346 123,591 4,294,154 65,251 43,639 758,696 716,671 42,025 907,457 3,116,673 1,149,589 35,624 20, 148 15,476 77,306 3,627,992 2,278,346 ,60,762 1,288,894 91,870 7,481,948 3,086,152 3,340,674 387,176 262,754 204,898 200,294 258,363 137,685 120,678 64,949 1,454,290 1,158,523 295,767 299,651 270,966 28,685 1,114,919 600,413 7,649 20,731 2,668,524 722,764 660,292 57,588 49,092 376,964 682,001 1,997,359 5,180 $2, 124 2,124 3,645 14,644 14,544 2,923 "'2,' 923 61,461 32,564 18,897 318,661 3,148 300 100 'ioo' 6,700 2,259,769 2,179,389 62, 749 17,631 416,863 226, 118 120,797 -26,574 34,410 6,990 3,974 1,426 1,426 9,639 9,639 63,687 475 18, 118 57,227 80 1,365 62,233 12 $2,386 143, 069 142,273 796 14,938 20,200 16,640 3,660 180,943 6,090 174,863 9,942 2,640 7,302 4,063 12,820 96,540 7,418 1,660 43,964 39,878 4,086 6,652 9,354 6,216 4,138 12,540 326,647 276, 584 7,696 42,367 3,492 627,078 253,217 275,440 37,841 19,664 28,640 12,276 38,855 30,753 8,102 3,841 153,859 142,574 11,285 19,093 17,929 1,164 41,266 2,360 2,732 203,094 5,000 55,086 2,010 1,760 19,511 22,289 119,609 91S $10,113 10,113 7,632 10,760 9,217 1,543 89,443 14,624 74,819 21,999 18,003 3,996 177 1,065 63,469 678 1,181 11,223 10,338 885 51,986 1,028 921 107 461 23,162 22,426 239 487 6,963 1,044 3,666 1,665 43 641 14 6,260 3,534 2,726 1,329 35,118 22,146 12,972 6,602 6,301 301 13,855 13,147 113 457 26,815 23,069 7,838 1,088 591 7,490 27,661 41,664 31 $61,670 2,002,963 1,998,399 4,664 1,696,911 2,781,017 2,474,338 306,679 12,602,636 1,766,006 10,737,630 367,708 196,654 171,054 125,915 377,217 12,499,449 107,626 76,234 588,087 563,058 25,029 95,044 2,817,885 7,710,468 249,333 169,292 80,041 582,583 10,916,596 10,669,385 232,223 14,988 30,822 18,574,681 6,820,961 8,696,504 1,918,139 530,106 567,809 41,062 3,568,492 2,770,480 798,012 180, 769 6,200,017 4,644,421 1,555,596 1,182,838 1,149,954 32,884 2,621.872 3,237,428 23,548 33,030 6,746,305 1,220,239 1,698,621 18,192 64,457 1,409,750 3,155,071 3,508,746 30,080 $1,463 46,698 46,483 215 7,138 62,878 53,401 9,477 421,271 32,950 388,321 292,901 262,764 40,137 1,564 4,138 241,674 1,379 4,691 32, 184 30,154 2,030 14, 358 289,195 426,918 4,292 3,356 937 3,637 76,673 46, 734 2,916 26,923 1,386 137,137 49,010 62,794 7,392 8,601 5,101 4,239 34,298 27,463 6,835 131,969 82,677 49,292 6,832 6,635 197 27,876 25,294 229 642 133, 112 49, 770 33,983 6,236 1,141 23,175 28,307 392,354 788 $110,362 4,670,038 4,666,625 13,513 2,613,441 3,936,447 3,490,541 445,906 21,809,150 3,238,126 18,671,024 1,963,088 1,382,162 580,926 219,425 710, 716 20,586,553 229,815 169,824 1,887,613 1,789,221 1,081,454 6,647,385 11,444,625 534, 145 355,227 178,918 830,668 21,977,449 19,831,067 462, 003 1,684,379 176,347 34, 142, 618 12,918,725 16,897,375 2,848,467 1,074,540 1,067,612 336,899 5,162,629 3,917,097 1,245,532 380,991 10,638,925 8,119,636 2,519,289 1,780,632 1,694,948 86,684 4,960,126 4,139,033 47,219 77,249 13,288,633 2,983,994 3,110,589 118, 136 168,699 2,684,889 6,490,270 7,596,570 71,445 $67,229 2,620,377 2,611,643 8,734 909,392 1,092,552 962,802 129,760 8,885,343 1,440,170 7,445,173 1,302,479 932, 744 369, 735 91,946 329,360 7,845,430 120, 911 88,899 1,267,342 1,196,009 71,333 972,052 3,440,306 3,307,239 280,520 182,680 97,940 244,548 10,984,280 9,114,948 226, 864 1,642,468 144,139 15,430,800 6,048,754 7,138,077 922,936 535,833 494,602 1,559,839 1,119,154 440,685 197, *3 4,306,939 3,392,638 914,401 590,862 638,369 52,603 2,310,378 876,311 23,442 43,577 6,409,216 1,713,985 1,477,985 94,707 93, 101 1,251,964 3,306,892 3,696,470 40,577 69 1,401 1,401 2,794 1,677 1,311 366 4,820 580 4,240 3,204 2,498 706 61 133 10,956 70 234 941 897 44 9,970 5,145 132 95 37 131 1,048 703 21 324 22 2,429 703 1,257 64 86 59 1,714 1,129 585 66 4,876 3,255 1,621 548 473 76 1,036 3,871 30 2 9,261 2,019 1,607 177 88 314 1,037 7,269 52 40 767 767 2,702 1,212 877 335 2,656 489 2,067 2,939 2,493 446 100 9,483 230 400 400 9,934 3,476 50 25 25 100 300 300 375 '256' 125 1,144 600 544 3,395 2,661 734 487 417 70 486 3,751 7,276 1,985 1,181 80 60 210 956 6,755 45 19 196 196 216 208 8 211 20 191 65 588 49 111 91 20 52 1 249 40 170 20 191 23 15 237 190 47 45 40 6 196 116 28 1,641 24 281 96 30 2 438 438 60 226 23 2,053 71 1,982 200 6 195 885 21 4 430 4Q6 24 1,796 30 1,648 77 67 10 31 673 380 21 272 21 1,805 663 837 125 64 66 50 356 338 18 51 1,244 404 840 16 16 354 6 2 2 314 10 45 1 73 57 252 5 112 112 150 2,466 343 2,122 170 170 3,217 21 5,411 1,098 1 110 167 167 379 379 574 560 24 30 30 261 968 609 1,554 312 26 64 774 615 » Same number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1352 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 69.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDU3TEY AND QTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST EEPRESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. FHILADEI.PHIA— Continued. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gaS; and water Engraving and diesmldng Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fancy aitioles, not elsewhere specified Feathers and plumes Felt goods Fertilizers Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations '. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noodles. Other food products for human consumption. For animals and fowls Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, and rattan and willow Metal, and store and ofUce fix- tures. Furs, dressed Galvanizing Gas and electric fixtures Gas machines and gas and water meters. Glass Glass, cutting, staining and orna- menting. Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases. Haircloth Hair work Hand stamps Hardware Builders' hardware . Another Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hats, fur-felt Hats , straw Hats, wool-felt Hosiery and knit goods House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice , manufactured Ink, printing Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets. Iron and steel f orgings Jewelry Jute goods Lamps and reflectors Lasts Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lubricating greases Lumber, planing-mijl products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds 374 9 18 347 49 25 155 108 47 5 5 25 7 3 41 14 11 16 27 9 IS 52 17 9 3 200 3,181 138 371 113 916 705 489 137 179 35 13, 775 181 909 12, 685 260 782 6,224 2,831 2,393 55 143 837 456 973 586 522 112 164 1,239 378 861 707 7 19, 110 765 182 861 5,667 755 250 492 335 11 14 310 53 33 174 120 54 14 16 16 28 7 21 70 14 13 4 201 263 100 1,062 6,192 2, 147 212 81 2,353 1,059 100 37 44 483_ .33... 13 108 6 15 2 21 648 7 24 517 16 22 130 84 353 11 59 8 32 68 13 2 12 110 142 5 8 S6 17 164 1,349 9 34 1,306 14 78 425 182 243 1 11 73 31 24 56 33 19 6 2 78 28 50 27 176 11 374 27 50 10 64 604 8 110 178 209 14 11 116 139 23 75 293 2 7 180 13 5 6 34 23 19 1 Owned power only. 3 . 33. . 13 27 16 394 Se Digitized by Micros^ 2,489 103 316 62 726 614 434 124 756 40 125 881 195 30 11,250 152 830 10,268 152 625 4,416 2,394 2,022 43 121 679 407 446 349 466 85 142 1,036 324 712 686 5,863 343 3 18,002 318 627 151 4,968 665 .212 346 350 207 82 879 4,821 1,767 148 29 2,100 Mh 2,650 Ap Je De My 108 432 66 792 Oo 646 Ap 481 De 146 Fe 1,016 My 47 No» 138 De Oc 207 708 Oc3 33 Fe 174 My 880 Ja 10,673 De 256 No 718 Se 2, 503 Ja 2, 273 No 3 50 Mhs 128 No Mh 715 458 Ja 1, 172 Fe 488 Je Fe 482 Mh» 92 Ja 205 Ja 343 My 773 Ap 605 Ja 6,264 Fe 456 (<) 3 Uh 18,717 Jy 356 Jy 771 Ap ' 152 Fe 711 Ja 5,275 Ja Mh Mh Mh Oc Fe> Oc 727 225 358 218 87 975 Ja 5,060 Jy 1,811 Oo 171 Jy 31 Au 2,329 869 Au 1,039 No 2,175 Se3 Ja Oc» De De Fe No Ja Je 98 225 61 607 668 358 68 668 37 106 176 601 27 De 140 De 757 Oo 9,842 Ap 81 Au 659 De 2,256 Au 1,768 Mh No Jy No J? De No 34 113 639 321 305 425 No 429 Sea 79 Au 31 De 287 De 631 Au 563 De 6,528 Au 174 m 3 Ja 17,163 My 286 Ja 496 Mh 148 No 670 Oc 4,715 De 617 Se No Se •f/ Au' Ja 201 337 316 192 77 823 De 4,391 Fe 1,746 Jy 3 130 De 23 Fe 1,938 Fe De 655 377 2,207 1,941 227 34 6 103 288 64 764 100 288 62 404 1 2 "331' 2 23 ....„ 578 426 145 644 39 140 915 207 675 329 44 132 644 28 140 696 175 488 229 316 13 14 2 6 64 11 195 29 166 15 "ii 9 3 6 33 10,781 140 784 9,857 233 33 10,484 138 763 9,583 131 159 1 17 141 100 123 1 4 118 1 15 "'is' 1 710 4,313 2,296 2,017 132 4,216 2,230 1,986 572 64 42 22 2 33 24 9 4 45 123 654 413 42 123 684 384 2 1 64 28 16 1 1,093 429 883 377 67 33 125 14 18 6 346 476 84 139 944 287 657 346 216 23 97 804 212 592 243 61 37 97 69 38 7 10 6 33 12 21 "'io' 4 6 600 436 155 6 3 6,776 410 3 18,090 4,374 107 2 4,109 1,284 299 1 12,434 61 3 £7 1 371 1,176 300 97 200 3 730 152 685 729 148 656 4' 19 1 11 4,998 4,975 4 19 617 602 15 207 343 358 207 290 219 38 130 13 2 2 7 212 85 877 195 85 334 16 1 404 28 HI 4,420 3,951 411 40 18 1,748 1,743 3 2 144 23 1,969 139 23 1,828 3 2 97 38 6 874 384 873 310 '"'68' 1 6 Lted other power, than electric. $8,964, 658 169,393 1,991,242 121,375 1,630,216 1,019,218 506,260 627,737 4,839,1 •',5 162,342 1,420,772 2,272,614 346,357 1,848,417 77,840 43,350,302 224,202 1, 530, 606 41,595,494 658,935 868,617 12,582,004 4,501,364 8,080,640 92, 126 187,139 1,381,004 1,138,099 1,140,535 1,018,619 1, 787, 718 2,034,989 215,942 338, 440 3,395,436 697, 101 2,698,335 704,983 18,383,757 486,804 8,835 22,128,729 1,198,348 5,730,470 1,206,157 1,284,060 19,468,647 2,369,504 862,672 936, 518 591, 186 842,608 129,335 1,470,569 17,122,128" 29,724,474 273,421 394,973 4,763,490 1,753,169 789,474 MANUFACTURES-^PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS:' 1914^-Contmued. 1353 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of fiotory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $325,576 8,385 36,207 2,340 61,451 29,111 6,500 18,820 128,788 4,000 16,380 129,918 2,040 124,394 3,484 1,462,389 10,348 51,513 1,400,628 30,293 50,039 348,002 180,976 167,026 2,450 18,379 94,905 39,552 39,820 37,552 24,760 42,737 2,392 8,450 100,780 18,248 82,532 25,704 139,671 743,033 26,530 79,888 25,100 89,937 397,956 68,557 28,664 18,108 15,990 30,150 3,700 54,920 431,266 882,663 8,713 11,370 150,547 69,979 26.262 $565,846 3,744 ■36,526 3,222 105,777 27,145 31,788 6,692 128,399 7,564 17,976 155,312 9,968 145,344 1,605,036 9,645 33,980 1,561,411 24,482 95,740 532,569 213, 130 319,439 2,000 7,221 86,846 41,296 42,819 63,101 29,845 36,090 7,532 4,810 110,688 42,261 68,427 87,164 199,484 21,988 509,416 41,593 40,647 11,314 87,743 585,849 52,904 16,474 33,210 5,564 29,621 13,475 146,381 220,424 289,408 18,956 52,326 143,725 40,817 33,658 $1,393,249 74,870 233,356 49,006 414,250 147,737 72,432 414,187 20,735 83,165 499,981 97,093 383,032 19,856 7,619,724 95,742 520,593 7,003,389 105,903 256,214 2,882,623 1,391,584 1,491,039 32,393 67,380 432,087 265,053 530,120 262,845 212,064 232,742 46,331 91,926 569,280 154,387 414,893 367,567 3,634,453 161,733 2,102 7,598,693 125,890 382,191 106,178 384,337 2,880,858 277,461 139,546 254,159 176,937 104,457 55,100 2,697,911 1,560,588 88,635 20,499 1,324,929 $22,469 1,133 39,584 19,925 "5," 464' 3,975 '3," 975 31,951 42 i3,236 28,673 1,850 13,537 50,351 38,751 11,600 2,000 4,010 9,017 1,035 2,913 1,550 11,250 1,250 10,000 23,081 2,000 3,596 807, 169 1,404 13,052 100 2,222 13,022 12,100 15 3,609 15,799 320 'ioi.'ies' 16,309 $63,187 12,119 4,300 8,698 37,333 21, 762 14,976 150 17,430 4,149 2,827 21,236 3,810 16,466 960 288,566 3,882. 22,812 261,872 56, 131 29,765 189, 513 119,865 69,548 3,610 5,660 30,690 7,442 240 6,130 26,576 15,038 8,338 13,888 3,962 9,926 32,283 12,217 22,290 530 369,292 6,936 5,470 6,513 43,132 9,600 $41,831 900 1,950 31,131 4,960 13,882 2,529 22,396 128,522 249,864 15,818 1,200 59,379 072,514 225,735 ) Same number reported for one 26,633 25,874 7,318 245 1,928 1,946 1,109 1,326 15,634 577 4,619 15,998 1,833 13,533 632 143,844 962 3,448 139,434 1,334 254 34,482 16,907 18,575 465 2,716 4,818 4,341 3,662 6,004 3,457 459 222 10,896 2,414 8,482 871 79,760 548 94 2,278 28,910 2,332 3,967 32,673 10,989 2,036 2,001 1,694 1,366 180 3,876 55,313 2,614,790 770 1,760 21,844 8,399' $4,304,957 26,017 242,671 11,827 408,877 . 525,930 350,197 204,712 2,996,060 100,835 2,208,543 3, 103, 261 336, 976 2,589,075 177,210 9,891,049 156,887 358,345 9,375,817 422,355 1,190,948 4,630,666 2, 108, 165 2,622,401 82,298 306,668 526,502 586,738 298,007 664,292 1,709,107 1,293,378 58,525 50,560 535,555 150,231 385,324 735,944 3,161,411 641,429 1,890 17,669,839 920,936 162,064 809,892 303,661 3,204,507 716,163 195,900 546,472 417,129 375, 112 28,141 868,927 18,125,235 3,841,310 162,958 150,237 2,524,299 1,071,522 $100,320 3,923 12,393 2,352 8,998 4,183 10,600 84,197 887 24,324 45,974 8,950 31,267 5,757 456,240 4,997 33,011 417,232 3,747 6,667 89,975 48,054 41,921 946 11,201 21,994 12,016 100,924 13,990 57,901 12,549 1,842 4,875 39,601 13,382 26,219 9,441 100,917 7,233 329 159,639 7,080 395,481 13,449 15,929 1,241,395 32,689 40,704 8,898 8,651 7,433- 4,025 7,395 170,540 310, 112 3,286 1,908 34,932 JMLMmy'' 38,169 $8,869,003 174,314 522,183 140,452 1,342,461 1,180,521 787,111 4,380,363 192,356 2,870,852 4,629,763 560,460 3,834,342 234,961 26,588,018 338,319 1,212,366 25,037,333 793,630 1,815,106 10,898,421 5,409,520 5,488,901 145,638 461,266 1,346,747 1,350,779 1,147,871 1,222,961 2,210,192 1,916,554 187,923 221,553 1,817,629 541,758 1,276,871 1,483,738 9,914,443 1,010,821 5,642 31,350,085 1,264,697 1,843,890 1,051,871 1,409,850 10,168,512 1,254,047 492,188 1,147,461 735,668 656,468 135,616 1,729,467 23,557,091 13,908,391 357,814 550,803 4,835,355 2,321,324 $4,463,726 144,374 267, 119 126,273 645,593 432,731 151,084 1,300,106 90,634 637,985 1,480,628 214,534 1,214,000 51,994 16,241,729 176,435 821,010 15,244,284 367,528 617,491 6,177,880 3,253,301 2,924,579 144,397 798,251 752,025 748,940 .544,679 443,184 610, 627 127,566 166, 118 1,242,473 378, 145 864,328 738,353 6,652,115 362, 159 3,423 13,520,607 336,681 1,286,345 228,530 1,090,260 5,722,610 505,295 255,584 592,091 309,888 273,923 103,450 853,145 5,261,316 9,756,969 191,520 398,658 2,276,124 1,211,633 [^•^ 521,282 4,540 146 577 76 422 207 35 520 2,290 15 1,267 1,641 377 1,069 195 20,239 281 793 19, 165 30 107 5,079 2,859 2,220 451 155 350 818 1,174 10 111 1,555 516 1,039 72 5,222 74 3 8,615 456 14,457 341 729 74,245 1,722 916 ■ 223 453 112 183 223 9,518 13,023 74 38 5,503 2,199 3,690 35 450 15 75 85 25 400 2,205 1,050 1,192 325 712 155 14,858 231 577 14,050 3,931 2,383 1,548 25 25 200 80 306 429 813 1,030 lOO 1,460 488 972 4,654 30 6,073 360 13,918 200 550 74,246 1,660 837 387 25 100 133 9,013 12,455 4,735 1,227 275 181 95 127 34 46 131 140 14 40 2,440 50 82 2,308 30 381 253 128 142 44 134 45 1,266 508 112 111 60 65 14 40 13 60 SO 5 37 100 175 100 16 27 313 38 271 2,941 134 2,807 30 77 767 223 544 30 109 31 523 44 3 1,276 96 31 29 68 73 137 1 73 43 77 445 518 1 668 286 139 2,150 1,008 200 290 15 275 13,598 107 13,491 1,105 1,105 61 271 105 1,182 520 662 3,390 1,446 817 60 207 20,689 1,033 150 61 54 3,733 2,178 195 37 lame number reported throughout the year. 1354 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 69.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY, Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES-Continued. PHILADELPHIA— Continued. Millinery and lace goods Trimmed hats and hat trames . - Dress and cloak trimmings, braids, and fringes. All other Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Mirrors, framed and uaframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste , Musical instruments and materials, not specified. Musical instruments, organs Musical iiistrumcnts,*pianos Musical instruments, piano and organ materials. Oil, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds. . , Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics. Photo-engraving Photographic apparatus. . Photographic materials. . . Pickles, preserves, and sauces , Preserves , Pickles and sauces , Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pocketbooks Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing and printing Book publishing without printing Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Pumps, not including power pumps . Refrigerators Regalia and society badges and em- blems. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Safes and vaults Screws, machine Shirts Signs and advertising novelties Silk goods. Including throwsters Silversmithing and silverware Slaughtering and meat packing Smelting andreflning,not from the ore Soap Stamped ware Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus. Radiators and cast-iron heating boilers. All other 18 501 10 2,540 1,177 446 917 513 79 130 53 67 186 66 578 1,950 1,547 703 239 644 32 67 505 171 334 560 8,196 1,003 253 6,375 2,540 916 10 96 92 616 197 262 24 120 3,942 428 3,656 20 1,677 96 1,160 513 287 179 43 141 60 18 63 68 28 17 3 5 23 9 14 16 4 607 537 8 52 10 162 17 57 2 7 2 37 20 115 39 71 74 14 22 25 1 2 3 5 33 3 330 263 34 31 2 221 111 100 1 12 1 2 6 2 43 103 306 45 201 229 21 22 92 13 48 12 36 58 5 654 452 93 107 2 2,455 1,312 772 371 2 12 7 35 7 17 12 322 57 126 125 21 5 141 6 135 54 73 24 86 100 1 24 30 3 1 29 S 24 23 4 418 219 133 63 3 1,169 500 312 357 1 1 5 7 1 4 3 121 17 41 2 34 4 72 3 2,199 1,006 388 805 337 53 62 148 12 34 57 171 55 270 378 1,423 1,437 1,319 513 667 143 480 25 46 397 142 255 430 45 6,187 5,389 735 63 5,613 4,325 1,288 75 60 549 119 225 16 91 3,368 306 3,391 14 1,302 69 912 464 197 146 678 27 651 Fe 1,329 Mh 535 Fe My Oc No Ap De» Se No My Fe Jy 875 66 173 37 64 201 62 Mh 294 Mh 386 Oo 1, 461 Se 1, 473 Oo 1,398 Mh 544 Oo 1, 130 Oo 155 Ja 497 Fe 31 Au 50 Se Ja My 172 292 50 Ja 6,602 Jy 759 Ja 75 Ja 4,718 Mh 1,304 Des Se My» Fe Xe Ap 83 71 610 131 241 16 108 My 3,456 Oc 330 Mh 3,520 ]ah3 17 De 1,350 Je 88 Jy 939 Ja 526 My No 212 206 Oc Fe 30 Jy Ap Je Ja Fe' Je3 Jy Au» No Jys Se Se Fea Au 711 281 724 296 50 59 133 9 79 31 51 140 50 Mh 373 h 1,349 No 1,388 De 1,247 Au 489 JaS Ja De De Des 108 122 465 19 43 Ja Fe My Au 117 238 412 39 Jy 5, 134 My 711 Jy 55 Au 3,898 Se 1,271 No a Ja No No. De No 60 53 507 112 210 (') 16 An 77 Ja 3,201 Mh 256 No 3,226 Au3 11 Au 1,265 Oc 46 Ja 895 Se 431 Ja Fe 176 121 Jy Jy 23 610 2,171 1,044 341 786 305 54 64- 150 14 92 37 53 165 57 260 381 1,426 1,403 1,320 491 743 144 470 19 378 124 254 439 6,304 5,504 736 64 5,778 4,483 1,295 75 59 523 112 219 16 90 3,522 319 3,307 17 1,352 160 903 453 194 180 683 476 179 163 134 302 54 64 149 13 27 53 156 57 224 1,373 1,291 608 262 741 52 443 17 32 230 80 150 416 26 4,737 4,233 444 60 4,084 2,903 1,181 75 19 461 107 219 16 79 988 175 1,023 16 1,288 160 718 373 65 180 685 28 637 850 614 2 103 39 112 659 225 145 43 102 16 20 1,335 1,070 261 4 1,558 1,464 94 11 2,446 122 2,051 62 145 79 125 ■"14' 1 Owned power only. 655 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 14 10, 13 24 30 13 1 40 13 1 3 1 6 6 8 3 I 2 6 1 165 19 129 109 20 14 187 $2,342,379 765,039 786,426 790,915 1,506,706 270,071 127,208 129,964 22,625 427,206 68,423 31,145 375,206 127,109 2,151,066 9,268,005 6,786,939 4,038,096 2,488,861 1,337,157 320,976 ■ 621,421 34,975 216,850 1,153,463 610,582 642, 881 1,395,736 61,218 16,499,987 10,602,398 4,175,775 1,625,276 96,638 33,529,190 24,800,927 5,894,077 2,834,186 8,085 150,168 77,397 2,951,830 218,554 888,325 20,820 213,456 3,815,261 570,859 6,572,742 16,000 5,162,180 313,527 5,156,592 922,660 221,677 311,626 1,886,963 67,588 1,818,375 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1355 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value a4ded manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternai- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 164,500 24,846 5,810 33,844 40,834 16,100 12,224 6,820 50,067 1,820 2,400 37,906 6,100 106,764 62,353 309,506 163,480 188, 728 180,398 40,858 37,265 83,984 1,500 4,240 21,700 8,700 13,000 66,829 3,640 991,990 801,463 129,201 58,326 3,000 1,597,934 1,014,358 371,240 212,336 1,000 8,500 7,538 125,917 4,758 30,662 12,843 103,648 19,860 182,073 1,500 155,482 18,290 100,883 60,902 22,459 17,088 92,943 6,020 86,923 $146,346 70,387 41,973 33,986 159,329 5,214 8,701 1,626 418 20,060 2,164 1,720 6,847 4,286 65,118 115,734 377,590 67,265 220,429 436,090 21,304 25, 522 102,578 2,694 12,008 64,812 16,534 48,278 58,195 6,942 874,836 593,066 137,496 140,932 3,342 3,106,684 1,660,897 965,403 480,384 1,880 7,754 5,590 37,023 7,472 19,501 4,522 447,007 143,837 261,911 1,028 236,881 7,003 185,669 28,253 40,332 6,037 198,679 11,056 187,623 $990,274 479,482 182,647 328, 145 232,934 42,549 38,714 - 99,638 7,212 44,896 23,728 90,039 32,809 171,638 205,986 867,419 760,679 578,971 263,004 402,461 61,959 531,272 17,742 22,001 185,483 64,597 120,886 266,084 19,287 3,985,747 3,477,947 455,705 52,095 4,340,034 3,289,701 1,050,333 $6,409 1,033 5,376 9,232 975 25 1,022 438 5,523 13,965 350 11,972 1,722 627,113 171, 125 12,273 443,715 2,342 62,310 27,934 284,057 72,262 153,378 6,561 54,989 1,552,995 163,644 1,683,086 7,184 941,059 41,223 552,245 231,612 85,497 114,305 423,862 1,350,583 89,731 129,182 1,131,670 3,312 2,314 1,074 370 2,775 327,377 4,931 12,533 120 2,020 8,608 10,223 3,600 3,600 17,279 406,573 Same number reported 52,163 10,776 30,230 35,078 2,297 5,688 12,254 1,440 2,434 2,830 2,076 12,124 2,370 52,283 44,687 66,848 46,765 41, 127 7,118 15,724 34,638 1,740 3,549 11,100 680 10, 520 9,608 2,600 479,155 403,844 56,018 16,684 2,609 227,434 87,537 81,663 58,234 480 1,800 7,322 3,331 13,767 1,395 600 6,074 113,107 22,996 107,467 1,554 68,078 2,175 9,693 9,364 15,835 5,322 35,943 $2,814 249 1,864 701 6,465 1,821 217 197 13 1,916 523 1,037 180 7,053 1,658 33,240 13, 743 6,631 14,570 3,703 3,032 621 173 378 4,728 2,359 2,369 4,384 6 30,648 23,200 6,423 1,025 179,769 148,506 22,314 8,949 747 54 5,514 1,134 3,232 196 430 3,567 517 15,923 3 30,990 782 16,946 3,538 778 668 4,919 174 3,360 174 40,603 32,583 4,745 855,156 for one or more other month. $1,88,'), 995 1,229,800 310, 167 669,518 135,537 140,618 42,081 14,816 545,034 11,607 15,845 184,961 147,736 2,542,217 395,472 5,452,209 2,599,690 2,459,314 1,262,472 660,576 287,867 204,361 15,610 100,885 1,435,829 569,034 866,795 678,961 36,824 6,444,265 4,610,269 1,654,362 174,117 6,617 9,915,567 7,515,870 2,019,869 379,828 4,551 125,043 51,841 1,966,388 , 165,920 257,946 67,668 37,765 3,789,716 525,056 4,189,441 8,026 23,383,541 832,950 5,985,614 301,660 133,786 64,969 895,759 $21,129 7,604 5,412 8,113 15,570 10,286 4,295 3,829 625 4,728 1,706 827 4,187 1,696 46,419 9,313 189,634 349,063 29,038 15,716 32,846 3,317 17,669 1,111 4,937 16,905 7,444 9,461 17,446 1,479 165,782 135,934 25,900 1,410 2,538 170,409 111,662 55,421 3,326 160 1,734 1,571 65,656 3,055 17,352 810 3,288 37,866 3,889 42,357 1,135 110,713 11,161 53,294 15,308 3,634 2,643 21,382 1,892 19,490 $4,023,121 ■ 2,235,857 779,003 1,008,261 1,719,811 261,186 226,783 210,468 24,470 840,830 61,186 77,720 362, 162 223,476 3,421,694 1,187,796 8,612,068 6,034,167 4,194,982 3,730,149 1,426,535 634,371 1,172,095 61,028 177,464 2,108,137 818,061 1,290,076 1,098,334 98,503 17,356,793 12,844,792 3,229,018 1,183,742 98,241 32,656,741 23,079,310 6,230,707 3,346,724 17, 182 249,756 125, 119 2,812,935 333,078 556,657 89,030 169,124 7,175,846 1,027,970 8,237,265 28,230 26,395,302 921,986 9,023,926 696,161 440,856 283,867 2,105,553 102,361 2,003,202 $2,115,997 998,453 463,434 493 73 173 220 ""i26' 66 11 29 207 62 24 59 58' 1 2 3 654,110 1,034,723 247 345 100 149 26 69 121 127 1 4 5 115,363 81,870 164,648 349 65 166 320 27 15 21 8 66 8 30 75 i' 6 7 8 9,130 291,068 16 185 9i' 15 94 1 is' 9 10 47,873 38 ^ 6 32 11 61,048 29 197 53 29 n 173,014 197 25 1S 74,044 28 14 833,058 1,138 1,020 100 18 549 16 783,011 2,970,225 2,085,424 1,706,630 2,451,961 166 5,348 12, 610 1,180 564 51 4,032 12,210 777 367 30 245 "'ihi' 37 '"'366' 76 1,071 "'249' 160 '""372' 2,093 312 171 16 17 18 19 20 733,113 1,193 113 218 18 28 1,143 63 60 30 6 ?1 343,187 950,065 44,307 20 213 18 23 22 23 ?4 71,642 6 25 655,403 640 196 345 846 491 187 304 700 49 8 41 21 "'sio' 2fi 241, 583 ?,7 413,820 28 601,927 125 29 60,200 11 5,483 11 2,863 689 30 10,745,746 2,112 608 31 8,098,589 1,548,766 4,869 594 2 28 12,060 1,679 433 608 2,672 161 2 28 4,607 450 239 3,706 32 33 1,008,216 34 90,186 S5 22,570,765 7,435 118 36 15,451,778 4,155,417 9,846 2,214 6,320 1,115 20 98 3,506 1,001 3,604 101 37 38 2,963,570 30 12,471 •to 122,979 71,707 60 12 2,581 59 731 47 93 1,340 145 2,668 25 26 10 12 784 29 696 40 35 309 141 401 20 95 ""'393' "'i,'256' 41 4? 781,891 1,797 ""'is 7 ""73S' "i,'636' 43 174,103 281,369 30 44 45 20,552 4fi 128,071 3,348,263 499,025 4,005,457 58 296 4 627 47 48 49 50 19,070 15 3,105 210 1,694 412 15 221 108 100 96 ■■■■936' 16 247 51 2,901,048 77,876 2,986,018 279,183 2,839 67 1,435 261 46 41 69 65 4' 52 63 54 65 303,436 20 5 15 56 226.265 1,188,412 49 946 ""'665' 45 189 4 91 10 290 57 58 59,856 54 891 665 54 135 ' 'i9 1,128,556 91 290 60 ' Sam,e number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1356 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Cler]£S, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. re- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minunum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PHILADELPHIA— Continued. Steam pacldng Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Sugar, refining Surgical appliances Suspenders, gaiters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware Tobacco, smoking, and snuft Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Tools, not elsewhere specified. . Toys and games Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes Varnishes Wall paper Window and door screens and weather strips. Window shades and fixture Wirework Wood , turned and carved Woodengoods, not elsewhere specified Wool pulling Wool scouring Wool shoddy Woolen and worsted goods . All other industries * 16 294 8 27 61 11 187 9 70 11 7 10 2 40 K 380 10 14 39 10 307 21 900 19 61 79 16 725 45 971 48 30 77 16 800 3 1,896 44 110 1 1,741 16 664 19 25 43 31 446 13 622 16 12 83 19 492 IB 904 19 16 91 24 754 16 78 16 2 9 51 41 n 7,904 439 108 351 96 6,910 18 1,041 23 26 71 16 905 17 607 16 17 14 7 553 46 1,000 65 ?6 54 14 841 27 1,159 32 22 25 11 1,069 15 166 11 17 22 15 101 4 654 11 48 10 485 8 133 12 4 3 114 17 287 21 10 38 5 213 21 309 19 13 26 8 243 28 361 31 7 13 310 6 38 8 30 5 181 5 6 6 164 3 98 4 5 5 2 82 7 161 9 3 5 144 123 17,815 101 246 430 114 16,924 386 31,970 364 626 2,720 471 27,799 Fe My My Oc 209 44 319 793 850 Au 2,023 My 462 De 595 My Jy 796 57 No 7,295 My 951 Oo 735 Ap 929 Fe 1,292 Oc 3 102 De 642 De 140 My 251 My De Jy3 Fe 261 349 32 173 Mh 112 De 152 Mh 17, 923 Au Fe» De Mh 169 38 Mh 750 Fe 1,394 No 432 Ja 380 Fe Ja 687 43 Au 6,659 No 847 My No Jy Ja Au Ja Fe Au M^ Oc Au 460 753 907 99 291 45 182 219 244 28 151 47 139 No 16,043 184 41 287 734 802 459 601 736 55 7,083 918 662 842 535 145 228 244 34S 31 166 116 152 17,038 27,370 163 39 282 729 801 1,576 278 145 640 26 2,215 888 364 772 564 101 419 125 165 197 348 31 166 108 7,402 23,677 101 164 405 79 4,781 26 205 55 326 2 67 14 60 37 18 41 8,203 3,198 12 3 573 406 189 $1,152,461 .121,822 459,488 2,098,001 1,519,040 19,698,629 722,372 677,394 3,259,420 161, 152 7,441,124 2,228,657 1,251,394 1,092,416 3,403,264 727,624 1,748,423 368,621 505,362 448,084 424,215 27,640 451,814 337,690 668,948 39,198,537 168,182,793 *A11 other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 2 Aluminumware 1 Ammunition 1 Artificial flowers 16 Artists' materials 5 Bags, other than paper 8 Baking powders 4 Belting and hose, woven 2 BlUiard tables and materials 3 Bluing 5 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 2 Boot and shoe cut stock 2 Butter 1 Buttons 19 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Card cutting and designing 18 Carriages and sleds, children's 4 Cars, electric-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 1 Casn registers and calculating ma- chines 1 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 3 Chocolate and cocoa products, not in- cluding confectionery 3 Clocks 2 Cloth, sponging and refinishing 5 Collars and cuffs, men's 1 Condensed milk 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 4 Crucibles 3 Druggrinding 3 Emery and other abrasive wheels 4 Enameling 4 Engravers' materials 1 Engraving, wood 4 Files 6 Firearms 3 Fire extinguishers, chemical 2 Flags and banners 3 Foundry supplies 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Glue, not elsewhere specified 4 Gold and silver, leaf and foil 4 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 4 Grindstones 1 Hammocks 3 Hardware, saddlery 4 Hat and cap materials 5 Ink, writing 3 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails, not made In steel works or rolling mills -• 3 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 2 Japanning 2 Jewelry and instrument cases 8 PITTSBURGH— All industries... 1,741 Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book making Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products.. Bread and bakery products Biscuits and crackers Another Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Brooms and brushes Carpets, rag Carriages, wagons, and repairs . Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and rep^s by steam-railroad com- panies. Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations. Clothing, men's Men's and youths' Contract work, men's and youths' 12 242 4 238 15 83,385 189 242 124 189 147 243 591 3,609 1,563 1,946 216 16 357 284 73 6,333 90 45 988 160 1,580 2,460 7,919 13 25 13 15 S 5 18 256 2 254 13 60 534 280 254 13 12 7 5 341 23 1,806 69,620 157 173 77 151 131 213 481. 2,563 1,223 1,340 835 184 11 280 229 61 52 20 828 700 128 Mh73,597 Je Je My Ja 196 223 136 162 144 Oc a 219 My 3 507 Ap 1,276 Oc 1,418 Je 977 No Je 207 14 Ap Jy3 246 59 Fe 5,124 Jy Ap Mh My 3 752 132 No 63, 561 Ja Ja Fe Se Jy 114 128 55 144 120 Je 202 No 3 441 Se 1, 177 Ja 1,258 Ja 631 Je Ja> 174 10 De De3 206 34 De 4,738 De» JyS 15 De JyS 631 126 67,265 157 158 70 145 218 447 2,655 1,188 1,467 203 10 273 219 54 4,738 52 18 807 675 132 56,887 155 158 40 71 27 442 1,848 571 1,277 882 170 7 272 218 54 4,642 50 11 186 115 71 9,134 1 Owned power only. Digitized by IVUcWnm® power, other than electric. 30 65 96 126 3 726 550 176 7 92 2 7 614 553 61 671 573 1309,217,271 $327,347 694,766 161,751 111,364 99,188 194,338 2,995,530 8,226,669 4,643,117 3,583,552 1,954,567 344,668 14,567 589,187 513,648 75,539 4,254,429 583,853 36,606 1,170,638 1,164,569 6,069 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1357 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated ui estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- tus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors." Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. -558,582 10, 120 48,850 119,977 62,534 187,296 73,232 43,408 36,308 7,200 254,568 73,085 52,520 78,734 47,222 83,617 57,114 7,736 17,621 33,590 11,800 19,014 9,343 3,506 694,002 1,860,292 $77;017 3,632 40,626 96,953 83,615 87,130 64,542 185,145 95,324 5,650 463,344 90,909 13,239 152,073 44,206 37,262 59,094 2,782 33,207 17,163 12,222 8 ,532 3,791 4,956 796,219 3,129,898 S106, 101 32,079 267,422 447,146 501,087 1,240,297 255,701 175,883 415,211 23,155 2,899,721 487,633 248,332 465,997 518,284 57, 250 260,949 60,790 145,323 123,066 146,700 18,181 100,680 43,356 74,613 7,816,832 15,253,806 $615 5,668 4,983 1,173 1,043 100 36 4,786 150 9,415 500 200 100 120 1,560 50 928,032 221,211 $18,991 1,970 26,245 40,448 27,108 1,000 16,327 19,332 21,076 10,684 148,966 5,404 3,947 47,732 20,638 8,187 22,625 780 12,065 11,690 8,998 2,796 6,200 6,000 3,970 282, 804 2,343,394 $3,349 520 1,210 6,072 5,840 92,549 3,251 1,109 6,340 48,672 1,284,831 6,988 4,430 3,980 6,878 2,309 5,210 1,671 3,771 1,314 1,832 97 2,437 1,163 1,469 92,969 2,482,441 $422,447 36,819 153,595 787,681 1,041,550 41,447,743 309,061 1,288,089 - 61,757 5,264,205 832,454 335,287 1,262,442 945,329 613, 113 960,983 195, 196 462,702 117,409 174,988 19,894 1,393,690 17,831 664,240 30,498,123 52,246,729 $13,633 945 22,817 25,799 37,048 650,655 8,137 3,642 16,206 1,611 46,635 43,268 10,922 15,451 30, 591 6,322 15,124 1,949 2,874 5,010 5,075 60 10,901 13, 155 10,509 505,758 4,950,656 $858,566 110,288 777,713 1,818,057 1,932,674 45,936,147 893,467 1,987,726 2,013,330 193,903 12,539,378 1,837,884 983,635 2,332,645 1,858,582 1,042,539 1,456,336 326,578 815,044 407,039 424,755 46, 115 1,889,277 126,537 806,987 45,608,227 94,336,713 $422,486 72,624 601,301 1,004,677 854,076 3,837,749 576,259 695,995 1,016,030 130,635 7,228,638 962,162 637,426 1,064,752 882,662 423,104 479, 229 129,433 349,468 284,620 244,692 26, 161 484,686 95,551 132,238 14,604,346 37,138,328 257 33 583 776 814 16,956 253 34 659 92 562 1,224 456 381 1,494 218 470 16 374 79 333 990 682 28,443 83,359 58 18 50 630 484 16,965 210 485 85 225 770 270 254 165 470 705 15 242 20 333 975 627 23,857 65,165 94 12 60 119 129 122 12 67 62 26 2,786 6,746 15 220 105 3 473 27 135 23 317 174 70 44 27 16 135 15 65 1,580 12,448 738 165 3,137 364 75 35 313 2,439 32,982 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Labels and tags '. 10 Lapidary work 4 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 2 Lime 1 Linen goods 1 Liquors, distilled 3 Lithographing 16 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Hats and matting 1 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 4 Nets and seines 3 Oil, lard, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments... 1 Oilcloth and linoleum, floor 2 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 2 Pencils, lead , 1 Pens, fountain and stylographic 2 Pens, steel 1 Petroleum, refining 2 Phonographs and graphophones 1 Pipes, tobacco 2 Plated ware 3 Pottery 2 Printing and publishing, music 12 Printing materials 6 Pumps, steam and otlier power 2 Roofing materials 3 Sand and emery paper and cloth 2 Saws 5 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 4 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buUdlng 8 Show cases 5 Soda-water apparatus 6 Sporting and athletic goods 6 Springs, steel, car and carriage 4 Type founding 3 Typewriter supplies 3 Upholstering materials 10 Vault lights and ventilators 4 Vinegar and cider 2 Wall plaster 1 Washmg machines and clothes wring- ers .- 1 Waste 30 Watchcases 2 Wheelbarrows 1 Whe 1 Wood preserving 1 $6,505,292 21,360 25,632 10,726 13,340 5,720 17,070 70,206 151,331 69,650 81,681 17,610 900 15,902 14,030 1,872 148,317 13,122 6,676 31,649 31,649 $9,795,516 $45,068,232 7,219 116,145 19,427 140,457 20,626 51,618 9,381 81,739 4,034 46,183 9,652 75,999 93,979 319,649 620,698 1,330,484 361,845 418,364 258,963 912,120 15,689 346,494 10,363 9,877 6,703 4,174 317,666 6,222 61,816 61,816 111,514 3,632 215,858 179,943 35,915 3,751,699 45,581 8,803 380, 440 331,780 48,660 $726,766 3,263 33,608 13,690 25 4,294 4,216 78 34,709 34,709 $1,566,865 11,718 17,403 10, 105 12,797 2,700 14,647 6,322 102,863 39,400 63,463 3,490 6,375 1,218 10,227 7,616 2,611 3,442 2,193 37,664 33,070 4,594 $3,309,390 2,322 6,502 175 41 204 264 12,670 60,480 28,057 32,423 18,546 1,022 107 9,037 8,097 940 27,856 2,259 126 141 141 $139,444,826 117,023 140,789 174,039 61,819 144,833 2,459,916 4,862,247 1,671,773 3,190,474 191,730 295,272 14,800 189,846 148,704 41,142 4,824,218 304,632 38,189 1,006,442 1,006,085 367 $10,470,576 3,923 8,809 849 1,213 2,791 43,402 144,794 38,971 105,823 154,992 3,064 216 10,427 9,050 1,377 168,140 8,160 774 $246,694,018 336,724 654,789 322, 704 263,020 146,072 307,992 3,175,811 9,363,270 3,506,636 5,856,634 1,007,863 542,248 29,305 568,960 463,882 115,078 9,706,963 434,254 79,323 1,818,772 1,743,445 76,327 $96,778,616 215,778 405, 191 147,816 199,988 78,240 160,368 672, 493 4,356,229 1,795,892 2,560,337 661, 141 243,922 14,289 368,687 296,128 72,559 4,714,595 121,462 40,360 803,432 729,376 74,056 ths. 308,823 201 234 63 188 1,640 2,722 859 1,863 3,460 130 18 697 550 147 4,050 632 53 192 178 14 253,400 22, 102 100 1,076 1,663 859 704 2,377 75 75 3,730 310 50 65 2 66 33 340 457 457 18 18 367 307 50 70 322 33,318 201 169 26 60 13 56 225 702 702 112 265 243 22 260 3 186 172 14 107,803 40 137 1,296 639 757 1 '""48 36 12 4,656 9 1358 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 69 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENOAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPEESENTATrVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 16th day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum mouth. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PITTSBTTKGH— Continued. Clothing, women's Coffee, roasting and grinding. . . Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes. Electroplating Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. B oiler shops and foundries , Macliine shops Fur goods Furniture and refrigerators , Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors. Gas and water meters and regulators Glass Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified. Ice, manufactured Instruments, professional and scien- tific. Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers , and rivets. Iron and steel forgings Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames . . . Lubricating greases Lumber, planing-mUl products Marble and stone work, other than slate. Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. On, not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paints Patent medicines and compounds. Perfumery and cosmetics Petroleum, refining Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces , Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere Prmting and publishing, book and job Job work only Book publishing and printing. . . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printmg. Pubhshing without printing Roofing materials, other than metal . Shipbuilding, including boat buUding Shirts Slaughtering and meat packing. . . Soap ^prmgs, steel, car and carriage . . . 1 Owned 57 6 21 5 12 122 15 107 9 16 8 3 8 16 7 11 4 156 148 52 69 102 1,461 1,037 424 154 589 70 1,472 23 317 6,771 1,553 5,218 62 588 315 S82 1,400 22 532 85 1,629 21,376 1,039 118 133 163 952 32 129 472 166 341 230 159 90 279 115 163 3,815 1,465 1,773 1,720 63 2,364 1,467 693 204 48 167 85 1,296 323 367| power only. 312 31 281 1 24 9 12 27 11 26 9 64 381 25 13 3 7 198 190 75 5 160 67 49 44 4 12 2 39 6 ' l: 27 135 75 24 2 194 1 37 506 96 410 2 63 21 65 38 6 19 65 32 7 90 15 1,374 109 81 5 674 494 102 78 5 6 5 185 61 45 15 122 20 102 4 16 12 15 17 6 30 182 13 2 4 3 7 18 6 4 13 7 242 30 189 106 40 1 25 112 1 'OigWed'b/Mm^m. 59 33 1,240 907 129 463 48 1,161 14 246 5,767 1,395 4,372 45 468 267 490 1,312 199 32 13 457 65 1,379 19,414 936 95 101 144 840 20 355 124 286 208 104 70 22 52 175 45 125 2,105 1,277 1,341 1,315 26 1,275 796 479 37 146 72 1,042 138 De 1,098 Jy 382 Fe 137 Jy 494 Oe* 62 Se 1,245 Ja< 15 Ap 275 Ja 1,567 Mh 4,579 Se 73 Te 632 Oo< 287 Ap 528 Fe 1,473 Je 227 No Ja J? De 643 65 Fe 1,647 Mh 21,418 Fe 1,000 De 111 My 107 My 167 Je No Au 861 22 109 368 166 My 313 Ap 312 Je 127 De 77 No< 24 Fe Je No< Oc* Je Fe ' 126 Se 2,568 Se 1,399 Ap 1,332 De4 31 My No 813 602 Se 55 Au 162 Mh 88 No 1,073 Oc « 146 (») 59 118 De Ja 407 De 44 Je 1,074 12 223 De Jy No 1,217 De 3,918 Ap 18 Ja Ja De Au Se Ja Au« Da Se< 416 230 454 869 130 25 280 61 De 996 No 16,864 De 824 Au Au Go Ap« ??* De Fe Ja 72 90 134 824 19 70 337 94 Do 267 Au 118 De 83 Se 69 Ja< De De Ja Ja« 21 48 143 43 7 De< 273 De 122 Ja 1,717 My 1,156 Au 1,277 Ja 18 Fe Au 782 457 De Ja* 128 35 Ap 1,014 Fe 129 33 1,394 1,096 299 126 436 44 1,138 13 248 6,203 1,242 3,961 64 464 253 454 1,352 213 35 14 529 63 1,150 18,823 -94 100 143 20 96 366 132 243 100 78 24 48 161 46 9 270 122 1,836 1,311 1,347 1,322 26 1,282 131 71 1,071 141 17 22 648 349 299 111 432 25 879 12 151 6,104 1,226 3,879 29 447 152 449 1,101 93 26 7 522 61 1,145 18,429 731 94 87 143 842 18 96 353 132 219 14 97 78 24 41 144 36 4 264 117 901 1,275 954 940 14 1,180 796 384 28 131 6 1,063 42 11 687 687 16 247 93 101 291 81 60 229 2 338 328 10 85 10 76 3 4 5 148 3 167,979 379,772 2,746,621 1,817,605 929,016 407,250 1,013,168 249,498 2,936,089 10,865 988,001 21,571,618 2,460,934 19,110,684 216,501 1,458,867 778,550 1,784,846 2,317,129 345,838 20,698 7,313,443 342,829 23,125,426 111,479,452 2,463,950 377,033 286,010 1,035,522 22,546,586 31, 479 647,302 1,382,407 208,618 690, 675 288,945 337,010 119,437 360,018 133,863 1,409,283 444,726 22,171 3,261,352 136,671 9,964,235 3,469,677 2,260,566 2,196,714 63,851 6,753,661 4,894,405 1,486,062 373, 184 255,528 340,850 94,864 4,541,588 938,077 1,738,630 ited power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1359 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments re^ort- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines." In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $18,695 103,772 63,540 40,232 16,220 65,583 21,600 121,444 11,036 831,381 91,053 740,328 2,160 71,730 21,613 53,500 61,920 13,822 3,686 55,612 14,425 207,468 1,228,606 90,784 16,947 4,080 20,120 105,281 2,000 34,856 54,435 9,710 33,252 10,700 22,438 12,584 13,300 18,883 90,041 52,200 4,915 21,590 23,424 281,478 107,499 153,368 142,368 11,000 371,290 194,596 102,584 74,110 8,355 50,360 3,624 113,431 8,231 71,418 $3,114 42,432 143,076 80,056 63, 019 3,438 28,647 7,410 286-; 677 780 51,476 141,428 517,981 4,946 56,911 38,064 113,634 44,066 8,709 1,217 46,512 13,930 213, 157 1,780,442 45,418 5,832 6,592 13,968 154,720 3,066 29; 868 44,755 6,261 26,094 4,642 13,028 1,196 12,512 23,022 80,375 31,608 2,913 108,210 14,352 1,611,277 98,189 110,669 102,469 8,100 863,418 681,471 189,802 92, 145 9,129 4,680 5,726 227,755 45,569 72,083 $29,100 $5,004 12,046 52,068 34, 078 17,990 1,140 18,250 11,792 23,627 12,087 11,540 3,101 6,037 1,680 10,121 550, 181 336, 313 213,868 61,360 347,344 26,991 $8,466 25,142 4,633 62,346 674,299 6,000 8,626 2,510 4,066 3 123,712 2,030 5,334 4,115,625 961,895 3,153,730 34,265 328,137 175,771 125, 112 604 124,508 169,052 62,020 107,032 13,050 15,782 2,955 119,703 24,366 95,337 275 1,750 1,200 11, 140 4,940 339,453 891,007 89,529 4,500 9,704 3,934 10,935 9,180 1,773 11,172 1,110 18,751 6,035 2,852 1,444 6 113 77 259,517 42,306 3,300 3,696 25,202 1,904 156 1,180,450 13,282,104 109, 169 424,487 16,449 102,139 425,430 1,414 9,412 16,106 76,279 72,735 89,801 710,266 13 764 4,046 10,245 3,600 1,132 22 5,574 928,469 27 6,116 9,187 2,797 5,590 8,194 26,098 6,686 46; 019 309,527 93,864 8,265 25,675 160,503 128,817 73,011 55,707 19, 116 52,950 5,150 3,804 4,494 326 2,694 1,207 900 19,468 1,968 2,230 746 26,481 104,630 26,740 3 161 "" "soo' 9,100 30,562 5,228 3,846 1,321 11, 190 21,376 21,129 262 7,170 4,578 67 17, 179 197,407 118,772 916,883 878, 239 3,190 261 223 40,212 13, 678 860,818 847,426 13,392 68,447 38,063 30,384 119,576 115,468 4,108 10,597 10,578 19 1,141,279 262,916 117,989 36,278 814,412 326,867 28,627 16,475 50,216 48,271 30,487 5,628 217,914 19,602 2,850 525 4,660 37,500 1,000 7,680 263 2,728 5,927 19,778 107, 186 33,747 737,897 54,490 28,580 6,114 182,710 $67,740 863,076 2.< 1,969,883 640,011 294,756 643,952 139, 247 2,177,798 1,713 920,067 6,807,346 1,152,432 6,664,914 76,093 759,303 246,973 625,396 326, 487 168, 725 38,763 37,107 79,207 41,181 10,840,003 37,177,533 1,495,267 108,843 107,052 986,236 1,646,296 28,434 388,606 923,357 91,709 492,807 360,163 108,891 26,528 274,920 104,275 1,082,266 220,424 13, 552 2,571,728 48,072 5,131,429 1,301,037 950,635 934, 824 16,711 1,981,261 1,491,770 436,462 63,029 402,680 112,785 59,633 16, 103, 654 286,513 $621 3,661 45,836 21, 458 24,378 2,599 7,212 2,012 34,500 1,241 11, 443 352,692 93,262 259,330 496 12,793 7,974 10,024 145,666 5,641 566 127,879 791 3,179,872 3,025,627 67,267 14,673 343 8,192 121,087 139 6,468 15,843 2,779 5,661 180 6,611 1,189 9,772 3,036 13,322 3,101 52 76,345 3,343 55,266 71,681 30,073 29,590 483 47, 115 26,823 20,060 232 13,631 3,846 604 71,080 10,480 $120, 800 1, 118, 226 4,139,368 2,859,305 1,280,063 420,395 1,225,298 291,788 3,969,683 23,808 1,228,378 14,999,351 2,781,000 12,218,351 203,416 1,444,114 658,635 1,399,669 1,816,445 317,244 69,770 69,399 951,542 170, 755 16,982,402 61,007,876 2,215,599 248,910 261, 136 1,098,472 5,200,263 59,477 666,065 1,542,866 279,304 934, 145 623,516 342,336 122,563 380,152 217,227 1,645,226 607,263 30, 076 3,202,159 286,280 11,492,328 3,649,819 3,016,074 2,889,735 126,339 6,992,078 4,737,107 1,645,666 609,305 638,802 302,647 151,606 17,946,949 590, 149 $62, 439 251,489 1,483,638 867, 964 615, 674 123,041 674, 134 150,529 1,757,385 20,854 7,839,413 1,535,306 6,304,107 126,826 672,018 303,688 764, 149 1,344,392 152,978 30,441 22,229 744,456 128,783 2,962,527 20,804,815 653,065 126,394 153,741 106,044 3,432,880 30,904 270,991 603,666 184,816 435,677 263,173 226,934 94,836 96,460 109,916 649,638 383, 738 16,472 654,086 234,866 6,306,633 2,277,101 2,036,466 1,925,321 110, 146 4,963,702 3,218,614 1, 189, 144 666, 044 122,591 ' Same number reported throughou ■izS(rt,y'mbrmm 185, 917 91,469 1,772,215 293,166 /S\ 604,206 :Ber reported tor one or more other months. 18 178 1,747 802 945 114 366 40 1,402 40 421 15,128 2,816 12,312 7 984 428 619 1,268 48 7 18 93 382 172 210 71 285 40 987 ■ 38 119 4,897 1,581 3,316 609 70 167 618 28 7 24 554 377 177 """wo" 64 11,863 1,558 10,305 s' 45 1 20 650 390 260 25 16 65 715 240 475 18 65 220 131 4,154 450 3,704 195 2 171 6,074 786 5,289 3 3' 40 325 176 245 335 33 277 495 20 5,075 34 38,642 170,508 3,113 602 37 366 6,292 6,010 38,642 163,738 116 212 " "sio 6,292 65 26 15 4,667 56,151 185 is" 2,532 8 1,211 660 180 12 5,659 2,348 210 25 45 1,002 1,978 621 478 5 149 156 33 35 1,131 81 2 1,856 76 2,182 1,318 1,361 1,348 13 3,419 2,015 1,398 6 400 210 44 3,168 438 676 800 455 105 228 200 429 616 76 2 1,094 884 179 174 6 112 81 320 3 25 34 75 8 35 308 61 2 120 76 183 40 1,084 1,071 13 1,540 622 912 6 76 6 4 403 """366' 13 65" ""i,'886' 1,501 44 44 965 964 11 lY b 1,334 76 66 630 193 30 1,736 1,921 1,133 61 51 78 145 226 226 910 465 446 969 928 41 260 205 "2,' 570' 438 458 65 40 195 iio 167 1360 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 69.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOE THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUBTBY AND CTTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT" WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- 1;ors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000- INHABITANTS OR MOEE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PITTSBTTRGH- Continued. Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus. Stereotyping and electrotyping Stoves and furnaces, including gas and oil stoves. Structural ironwork Surgical appliances and artificial limbs. Tinware, not elsewhere specified. , Tobacco, smoking, and snufi Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified Trunks and valises Varnishes Vinegar and cider . . . . Wirework Wool pulling All other industries * . 19 4 182 11 3 3 5 3 143 992 50 316 1,291 70 263 10 3,281 252 147 35 28 20 92 8,636 186 15 8 2 1 4 2 41 168 144 6 S 537 29 ISO 751 40 250 48 235 6 2,972 207 122 21 12 15 78 7,591 Fe 918 My 3 41 Oo 284 Je 1,244 My a 49 Au 276 W 6 Mi 3,118 Fe 3 214 Fe 130 Je3 (*) Je Mh My 668 Jy 38 Je 233 De 853 No 3 47 My SI Je De Ja 196 6 2,824 198 109 19 ) 12 De3 14 No 61 40 276 977 48 215 6 2,922 217 116 19 12 14 91 7,055 650 973 46 99 4 631 215 17 11 14 91 5,541 112 2 2,187 17 1,313 1 'iis' 1 'iss' 13,112,599 128,940 1,124,066 2,628,710 46,967 400,813 3,764 2,221,120 601,010 130,524 157,089 52,370 30,839 682,178 30,337,889 * All other industries embrace — Artificial flowers 1 Artificial stone products 2 Automobiles 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Baking powders 2 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 3 Belting, leather 1 Billiard tables and materials 2 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bluing 1 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boxes, wooden packing, except cigar boxes 2 Butter 2 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars, steam-railroad, not Including operations o£ railroad companies. . . 1 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Chocolate and cocoa products, not in- cluding confectionery 1 Cloth, sponging and refinishlng 1 Coffins, Durial cases, and undeRakers' goods 3 Coke, not including gas-bouse coke. . . 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cork, cutting 2 Corsets 1 Crucibles 1 Dental goods 1 Engraving and diesinking 3 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 7 Fireworks 1 Flavoring extracts i Foundry supplies 1 Galvamzing 3 Gas, illuminating and heating....... 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubricating greases 2 Hair work.. 2 HEADING — All industries Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery jiroducts. . Brick and tile and fire brick Brooms and brushes Carpets, rag Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's Coffee, roasting and grinding Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cutlery and edge tools Dyeing and finishing textiles Foundry and machine-shop products . Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Gas and electric fixtures Hardware Hats, fur-felt Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Lumber, planing-mill products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters , Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Optical goods 26,572 457 39 1,111 85 168 121 508 16 248 3,075 367 10 28 56 141 899 383 616 1,905 477 4,448 2,905 301 107 54 176 448 520 11 547 1,105 8 107 72 58 150 il 24 24,131 400 30 1,052 79 149 93 414 90 33 11 221 2,960 342 4 561 47 121 785 344 441 47 1,777 453 4,258 2,703 267 84 23 34 IM 415 Ap 25,469 Je 494 De3 34 Ja 1,146 Oo 84 Fe 167 De Se Se3 Fes My 128 424 94 35 12 Fe 267 Ja 2,978 367 4 745 De 27 Fe3 51 My , 135 Fe 372 468 No 3 49 Ap 1,833 Se 480 Mh 4,731 My 3,011 Se3 Au Je 290 Ap 238 Au De 3 433 Ja Oc 22,729 Se 282 Se 26 De 922 Jy 72 Oc 127 ^7 Ja Fe De Mb 402 87 31 10 No 192 Au 2,937 Au m Jy Oc 314 4 418 19 44 97 Ja 319 424 Ja8 45 My 1,727 My 427 Au 3,495 Oe 1,960 De 233 Fe3 76 Ja 20 Se 32 68 24,360 367 32 1,043 83 150 126 423 90 36 12 195 2,976 339 4 570 26 46 122 814 347 467 47 1,824 434 4,401 2,608 240 85 23 33 112 434 16,919 367 19 533 30 67 122 366 90 32 11 191 2,975 26 43 97 813 347 466 46 1,672 297 920 2,587 237 84 23 33 112 147 6,393 12 360 60 78 2 34 2 125 109 3,147 497 101 23 76 21 551 62 26 6 268 40 64 $45,334,320 ' Owned power only. 470,653 31,697 642,040 29,679 239,437 166,702 645,704 298,525 45,935 10,466 288,045 2,676,287 250,135 20,094 977,691 43,054 101,642 213,090 2,287,677 1,413,116 874,661 172,281 4,073,278 671,216 6,078,961 6,646,274 529,225 124,864 91,062 41,966 317,667 489,190 ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1361 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerics, etc. Wage For contract work. Rent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. poiraB. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- In- temal- power Water gener- ated in Steam com- wheels trie (rent- ed). Total. en- gines.! bus- tion and mo- lish- ments en- gines.2 tors.! report- ing. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINBJD AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $142,789 13,846 22,142 65,960 10,788 9,590 67, 167 21,060 14,180 22,460 3,200 600 13,896 778,584 (203,595 3,728 32,572 186,207 7,107 12,653 63,938 21,816 8,812 5,130 13,059 7,248 767,513 $526,371 30,780 162,316 697, 648 44,661 103,344 2,213 1,011,321 120,766 65,076 10,403 9,964 10,659 51,017 4,908,386 130,000 $42,865 $11,268 880 720 4,235 9,785 112 8,392 12,206 500 19,816 10,640 15,982 300 5,637 589 24,649 7,882 14,460 1,066 3,193 852,628 3,555 44 1,535 957 477 75 1,743 331,760 860 1,600 _ 1,000 125,869 41,253 $1,689,173 27,879 139,803 1,363,549 25,555 545,662 5,941 1,392,489 146,478 138,900 130,963 101,043 13,031 664,500 15,153,277 $29,266 7,164 32,638 471 1,365 34 11,979 13,225 809 1,610 470 208 6,830 2,119,966 $3,426,759 101,527 454,064 2,871,164 124,921 739,931 18,059 3,839,163 434,287 275,790 227,237 156,278 33,142 782, 614 26,061,442 $1,708,320 71,328 307,097 1,474,977 192,904 12,084 2,434,695 274,684 136,081 94,664 64,766 19,903 112,284 8,788,200 134 276 2,596, 38 326 6 267 466 62 42 8 22 317 20,577 330 10 150 488 210 10,674 330 - Ill 1,283 3 104 245 35 10 4,206 402 124 16 36 210 17 42 8 12 107 6,697 885 87 1,071 175 16,399 Hand stamps. Hardware.. 1 Ink, writing Iron and steel, doors and shutters ton and steel, wrought pipe Jute goods , Labels and tags >, ' Lapidary work L^, bar, pipe, and sheet Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Liquors, distilled Lithographing Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 2 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed, not elsewhere specified 2 Paving materials u . 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 1 Plated ware 1 Printing materials 2 Pumps, steam..: 1 Regalia and society, badges and em- blems 2 Rubber goods 1 Saddlery and harness 4 Sausage, nAt made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Saws 2 Signs and advertising novelties 6 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 3 Stamped ware, not elsewhere speci- fied! 3 Statuary and art goods 3 Steam packing 3 Stencils and brands 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic wov- engoods 2 Tin plate and temeplate I Toys and games 2 Umbrellas and canes 1 Wall plaster 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers 1 Watch and clock materials 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Window and door screens and weath- er strips 1 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wood, turned and carved 2 $1,094,451 $1,113,729 $11,884,541 $133,987 $226,606 $766,020 225 1,800 29,625 1,455 2,590 1-,88S 1,440 1,830 6,129 4,972 3,144 18 801 445 3,721 1,419 196 82 - 717 200 675 659 192 6,249 228 5,400 399 1,920 360 264 780 5,735 4,375 1,360 1,692 2,830 342 12,509 230 49 2,174 184 283 1,024 5,735 2,094 3,641 1,071 10,430 1,659 19,076 27,601 2,001 339 2,630 42 631 1.637 31,523 280 280 38,205 263 1,126 612 1,313 840 180 $29,652,617 jSl, 733,619 $63,231,926 $21,845,790 46,702 40,378 876 26 5,422 16,097 560,210 42,743 363 17 315 30 133 73 410 410 20 12 146 4,422 65 21 827 9 94 665 2,009 660 1,349 49 1,510 438 2,524 13,892 834 164 40 54 106 169 110 12 241 17 315 20 26 38 237 2 4 56 683,728 42, 175 10 107 35 173 410 82,021 *82,972 467,286 108,211 36,796 8,004 3 17 12 61 5 6,205 1 85" io" 10 1,880 "i'.m ""his 80 754 781 2 3" 198,229 85 4,422 20 10 340 50" 649 1,181 275 906 8 1,109 438 2,276 12,677 643 99 20 2,173,418 234,120 45 11 4S7 2 44 8 452 386 67 41 71 11,856 711,653 26,491 69,202 7 88,153 830,088 390,689 8 376 439,399 54,957 376 1,466,626 306,043 240 2,908,111 2,468,226 15 233 1,215 191 5 20 54 41 72 238,973 84,335 30,616 60 37,978 156,477 65 85 307,813 i2 3,378 42,689 936 7,677 12,097 8,494 9,179 2,680 7,368 12,176 4,400 1,040 36,409 675 4,764 12,584 80,785 47,891 32,894 3,140 75,822 8,824 148,581 116,038 20,228 5,020 4,970 "6,940 21,364 35,002 1,730 12,967 600 2,142 5,044 15,014 2,740 480 5,336 111,731 10,016 937 59,974 520 622 6,894 63,616 19,190 44,426 3,204 62,388 11,686 78,648 162,124 9,622 4,974 2,760 13,165 15,078 222,653 18,201 370,783 32,315 55,260 56,136 213,304 49,066 17,593 4,141 125,848 2,049,510 95,705 1,870 182,091 15,409 30,900 54,313 429,486 183,761 245,725 29,541 706,223 163,704 1,629,821 1,621,370 135,070 54,549 16,711 19,762 103,312 139.372 453,094 12,843 948,875 47,346 88,014 151,881 615,262 30,899 60,553 2,622 170,965 3,817,175 177, f 91 50,822 840,697 21,900 21,872 101,736 673,828 400,914 272,914 43,235 697,124 305,724 3,549,209 3,419,384 365,210 45,454 33,689 24,261 165,366 272,565 ■ Same number reported for one or more other months. 17,679 741 7,418 1,230 2,400 4,550 26,861 21,828 870 429 107,447 2,636 786 16,432 168 2,886 11,848 49,177 24,203 24,974 1,687 54,383 12,961 43,384 391,696 10,171 2,462 1,040 1,542 5,280 3,746 1,030,983 56,327 1,640,021 90,751 172,435 239,403 1,109,398 160,938 98,218 11,055 375,816 6,098,040 414,446 63,463 1,568,582 48,549 83,960 201,737 1,663,093 815,806 737,287 99,879 2,218,133 624,718 0,600,704 6,279,306 614,354 132,251 65,345 63,781 327,123 584,123 < Same number reported throughout the year. 82101°— 18- Digitized by Microsoft® 1362 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OniUSTET AND OTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEES0N9 ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAKNERS DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. BEASm'G— Continued. Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations. Photo-engraving Printing and publishing, book and Job. Printing and_publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing, publishing, and job printing. Printing and publishing and publisning without printing. Saddlery and harness Shirts Signs and advertising novelties Sific goods, including throwsters Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, chewing and smoking. Tobacco, cigars Woolen goods and wool hats All other industries* 21 17 159 109 15 34 300 53 1,909 563 3,735 13 10 1 16 6 146 12 227 12 92 202 144 58 9 244 23 273 85 40 1,734 534 3,269 Oo« Ap < 166 Apt 59 0) 9 Apt 244 Ja« 25 De 320 Ja 111 Fe* 43 De 1,793 My 683 No* 125 Ja« 57 Ap 9 221 21 219 73 Je< 38 Ap 1,665 De 426 6 12 99 188 127 61 265 23 324 84 40 1,795 458 3,365 6 11 88 175 120 65 18 115 84 907 248 3,068 235 5 148 31 874 166 264 24 »77,118 7,498 211,547 240,809 124,740 116,069 15,675 180,570 36,054 178,334 131,330 51,329 1,558,411 784,084 14,298,366 * All other industries embrace — Automobile repairing 1 Bags, paper, not including bags made inpapermills 1 Baskets, and rattan and wUlow ware . 1 Butter 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by eleotnc-railroad com- panies 1 Clothing, women's 2 Confectionery (ice cream) Cooperage Cordage and twine Cordials and flavoring sirups Cotton goods Electroplating Flags and banners Flottt-mill and gristmill products . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 2 Furniture 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 1 Handstamps '. 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 1 Iron and steel forcings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 1 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 Jewelry 3 SCRANTOIT- All industries . Awm'ngs, tents, and sails Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Clothing, women's Confectionery and ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products . Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber, planing-mill products Marble and stonework Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds. . . Printing and publishing,bookandjob Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Silk goods. Including throwsters Tobacco manufactures All other industries * 308 14,090 19 472 235 1,727 476 78 74 96 29 488 392 12 314 78 50 15 315 710 22 3,422 429 4,659 431 11 10 138 75 8 35 10 173 10 12,559 199 1,602 420 67 66 63 21 400 321 7 266 69 28 6 244 528 528 3,330 379 4,179 Ap 12,934 17 My Ap aaa Fe 228 De 1,641 Oc 464 No Jy Ja« Se< Mh Ja Oe Au Au Mh* Je 57 64 22 428 334 7 287 7 252 My 568 My 3,604 Se 393 No 11,964 .Ta< 10 Sb 3RS De 167 My 1,673 De 385 Fe 37 Ap* 54 No« «2 No< 20 Dfl .389 No 310 m 7 Kfi 229 If,* 52 O0« 26 'i: 5 237 Se 606 No 2,767 Ja 358 12,465 16 378 204 1,637 390 70 67 62 22 399 322 7 , 246 ^ 61 29 6 244 651 551 3,183 381 4,190 316 201 1,637 47 67 62 12 398 321 5 243 61 29 6 162 434 434 415 52 2,539 4,647 59 325 23 84 112 112 2,267 310 1,446 282 134 'i25 23 367 19 $25,161,781 22,865 641,360 655,994 1,696,812 472,778 130,480 99,740 697,603 21,376 2,162,256 2,856,635 25,965 883,492 109,534 78,581 23,032 491,823 1,746,306 1,706,065 40,241 3,166,786 590,491 8,778,882 * All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 2 Artists' materials 1 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Automobiles 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making. 4 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brass and bronze prodncts 2 Brooms 1 Buttons 1 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Cheese 1 Clothing, men's 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Cotton lace 1 Dental goods 2 Electric machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 2 Emery and other abrasive wheels 1 Engraving and diesinking 1 Flavoring extracts -. . 1 Fur goods 1 Furnishing goods, men's > 1 Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Hair work 3 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Horseshoes 2 Hosiery and knit goods 2 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1363 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added . by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, Includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $1,300 10,760 20,156 8,700 11,456 7,960 8,388 7,478 10,920 • 1,200 28,383 16,505 299,120 S2,680 8,447 81,816 59,053 22,763 6,490 620 9,107 2,260 63,413 11,624 225,976 $2,638 7,504 56,640 150,541 112,143 38,398 6,004 78,111 12,069 94, 137 64,832 16,200 770,622 208,294 1,776,131 $788 $246 $398 4,984 690 5,413 . 10 463 2,721 16,084 1,439 10,544 4,640 1,192 247 2,721 1,244 3,678 2,124 10,547 780 63 442 1,559 29 419 13,668 33,011 1,200 133 156 12,820 4,200 81,463 31,201 261,987 4,076 361,887 • 4,736 $31,763 1,435 62,893 110,568 72,345 38,213 12,295 147,254 43,540 299,852 60,124 1,550,418 306,677 9,728,087 3305 472 3,223 9,654 6,396 3,258 196 2,219 376 5,078 2,245 1,135 4,489 12,082 881,917 $56,591 14,838 215,276 618,538 451,698 166,840 26,042 283,100 76,138 630,874 195,232 126,322 2,874,054 911,239 14,776,750 $24,523 12,931 149, 160 498,326 372,957 125,369 13,551 133,627 32,222 226,944 104,662 65,063 1,319,147 592,480 4,166,746 9 122 344 266 78- 44 4 244 153 27 • 66 734 15, 130 120 125 25 700 14,296 26 9 122 344 266 78 27 41 34 774 25 5,570 Leatber,tamied, curried, and finished. 1 Liquois, malt ~4 Mattresses and spring beds... 1 1 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Faints 3 Paper and wood pulp 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere speci- fied „ 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 2 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Slaughtermg and meat packing 2 Soap 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stencils and brands 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces, except gas and oil stoves 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Trunks and valises 1 Umbrellas and canes 2 Wall paper, not made in paper mills.. 1 Washmg machines ana clothes wringers 3 Wood, turned and carved 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 $962,904 2,400 15,072 16,640 53,153 31,794 9,910 3,300 23,305 64,787 114,405 28,516 6,744 2,440 3,840 32,502 148,491 142,306 6,185 65,700 17,761 322,145 $698, 745 480 19,058 3,264 66,572 27,847 10,621 4,276 15,373 600 67,596 73,370 1,140 28,349 1,594 1,600 2,573 12,558 85,331 79,355 5,976 45,624 11,023 219,996 $6,039,510 7,012 242,617 106,222 941,873 121,729 43,104 41,729 34,842 10,682 235,162 271,206 4,615 156,450 41,171 19,374 3,607 212,240 436,727 436,727 975,958 126,566 2,006,634 $268,571 75 5,942 241 3,050 800 120 1,713 21,765 5,798 15,967 174,012 60,171 $120,122 1,440 10,252 2,364 4,820 6,710 3,530 1,210 1,344 774 2,460 1,746 1,150 1,412 996 10,139 28,576 26,284 2,292 10,898 2,697 27,604 $589,920 3,095 2,174 1,107 132 20 3,305 7 7,984 396,037 4,030 249 1,293 16 498 3,503 3,503 18,828 115,625 32,117 $15,266,098 19,644 634,290 122,033 2,423,686 429,449 140,261 40, 791 610,874 10,271 351,682 603,850 28,368 365,514 65,342 18,185 24,897 135,373 612,658 504,894 7,764 4,056,052 346, 714 4,337,264 $533,308 45 21,299 17,301 17,876 3,069 5,205 868 3,542 1,635 26,293 34,146 36 9,378 1,828 748 12 3,561 11,573 11,573 82,233 3,730 288,940 $28,721,829 36,500 1,129,445 315,422 3,499,157 696,675 270,113 111,849 754,393 30,212 964,066 2,458,371 53,007 731,889 131,900 82,334 47,960 556,183 1,445,971 1,366,960 79,011 5,754,859 735,306 8,927,227 $12,922,423 16,811 473,856 176,088 1,057,595 264,167 124,647 70,190 139,977 18,306 576,181 1,820,375 24,603 356,997 74,730 63,401 23,061 416,249 921,740 850,493 71,247 1,616,574 385,862 4,301,023 24,994 3 294 319 5,526 54 238 17 330 40 1,187 1,322 4 755 184 37 136 603 5,133 178 8,634 196 1,500 645 1,310 250 3,995 100 6,167 10 10,616 3 294 114 4,026 54 238 17 300 20 4 605 168 17 136 603 603 1,138 78 2,361 4,401 35 1,438 280 353 1,522 "m Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills 1 Iron and steel forgings 1 Jewelry 1 Lamps and reflectors 2 Lime 1 Lithographii^ 1 Lubricatmg greases 1 s and spring beds 2 Millinery and lace goods 1 Mirrors 1 Musical instruments, pianos 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Sand-lime brick 1 Scales and balances 1 Shirts 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Statuary and art goods 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 3 Umbrellas and canes Vinegar Wall plaster Wirework Wood, turned and carved. a Same number reported throughout the year. < Same number reported for one or more other mouths. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1364 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDTTSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKT. WAGE EARNEES DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, SU- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. WILKES-BARKE— All indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery (Ice cream) Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . Foundry and machine-shop products. Jewelry Lumber, planing-mill products, not including plamng muls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. SiUc goods, including throwsters Structural ironwork Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 1S8 9,019 308 34 79 41 31 153 10 116 39 254 1,643 16 18 5,994 188 "ii" 7 6 6 2 60 166 475 -358 40 8,107 228 26 68 35 25 126 5 90 26 208 212 1,594 11 9 5,444 Ja 8, 453 De Fes Au h Ap m Au Je De Je Jy 241 , 27 75 35 25 137 5 107 33 219 1,679 14 9 No 7,653 Fe Oc3 Mh- De (.') Fe 219 24 64 35 25 118 5 75 Ja 14 My 3 201 Fe 205 De 1,425 De» 10 O > 9 7,800 235 27 65 35 24 118 25 222 215 1,425 14 9 5,285 4,871 178 26 26 35 24 118 5 95 25 160 200 188 14 9 3,768 2,415 45 4 1,013 1,269 179 93 335 174 119,013,528 371,780 39,620 126,697 33, 446 307,626 393,193 7,800 267,360 71,757 333,934 446, 194 1,341,915 10,21Z 15,895 15,246,104 • All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Boots and shoes, not inbluding rubber boots and shoes 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Brick and tile 2 Butter 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad compames 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 3 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Confectionery 3 Cotton lace 2 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Dental goods 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 1 Furniture 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 59,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 Beavee Falls Bethlehem Bbaddock ; Bradford Bristol Butler Caebondale Caelisle Caenegie Chambeesborg Charleeoi ' Chestee Columbia . . / connellsville Dubois DUNMORE E ASTON Franklin Greater Punxsutawney. Geeensburq Hazleton... Homestead. Lancaster.. Latkobe Lebanon.... McKeespoet McKees Rocks. . Mahanoy City.. Meadville Mount Carmel.. Nanhcoke New Castle... norristown... On, City PHOENIXVUiE . PiTTSTON Plymouth. . pottstown. Pottsville.. Shamokin. . . 59 2,984 51 80 157 57 2,639 40 1,647 43 38 57 13 1,496 . 39 1,339 38 58 83 20 1,140 71 1,459 62 76 102 41 1,178 32 1,920 29 36 30 16 1,809 69 3,827 77 .S7 380 30 3,303 43 2,090 34 51 87 21 1,897 50 1,760 50 48 42 17 1,603 19 432 17 19 54 5 337 69 1,921 59 70 117 25 1,650 29 2,111 16 30 86 75 1,904 153 7,127 143 212 346 131 6,295 61 2,316 .58 38 66 13 2,141 42 1,246 32 37 76 14 1,087 34 1,281 25 56 80 15 1,105 24 1,056 27 26 .16 19 948 118 4,529 121 100 164 82 4,062 45 2,002 44 144 266 69 1,479 34 802 27 29 25 11 710 53 627 67 28 19 19 494 76 3,005 92 47 90 .■52 2,744 30 360 26 26 38 10 260 304 9,938 323 231 373 149 8,862 25 719 20 25 95 9 570 97 5,854 77 94 308 105 5,270 73 7,838 65 178 649 89 6,857 39 3,887 30 60 211 38 3,548 33 729 .SH 7 17 6 661 67 2,129 50 121 112 170 1,676 30 1,069 38 19 27 7 978 35 828 39 8 26 8 747 95 7,269 72 93 630 93 6,381 105 4,368 86 127 110 86 3,959 36 2,614 51 39 220 28 2,276 34 3,169 36 73 98 35 2,927 39 845 35 28 34 19 729 17 529 14 14 15 8 478 77 3,002 79 78 181 42 2,622 115 3,992 117 79 251 39 3,506 51 2,853 47 48 84 40 2,634 An 2,754 My 1,667 ^y 1,266 1,268 Se 1,833 Ja 3,634 Ja'i 1,951 Fe 1,723 Mh 383 Ja 1,719 Fr 2,171 Ja 6,678 Mh 2,219 Ja 1,225 Ap 1,218 Oc 983 He 4,238 Au 1,617 Dfi 841 Ap 563 .Te 2,835 Au 292 Ja 9,062 My 611 Se 5,538 Mh 8,088 Ja 3,893 Kb 683 Mh 1,906 De 1,074 .Tfi 772 Ja 7,579 Oc 4,037 Ja 2,630 Se 2,996 ,Te 802 Ap 550 Au 2,883 Ja An 3,743 2,693 Jy 2,551 No 1,334 De 993 De 1,018 Ja 1,785 My 2,806 No 1,815 Ja 1,508 No 291 De 1:486 Au No Je De 1,356 5,678 i;994 938 1,004 845 3,921 1,207 Ja No No Jy Au 8 343 De 2,561 De 213 Au 8,646 Oc 520 Fe 5,030 Oc No Oc Se Ap 5,457 2,760 645 1,518 738 De 688 No 5,166 Jv 3,832 1)0 1,831 De 2,817 No 613 Db 353 No 2,192 De 3,022 Jy 2,492 2,558 2,340 147 53 18 1,331 760 444 47 80 1,016 1,005 9 2 1,101 983 107 6 6 1,786 944 711 62 68 3,120 2,993 92 25 10 1,871 1,316 445 47 64 1,641 1,089 492 33 27 366 327 25 4 1,640 1,279 304 22 36 1,873 1,420 282 109 62 6,162 4,539 1,441 88 94 2,162 1,432 635 35 50 1,047 1,000 41 6 1,052 1,043 7 2 951 800 116 17 18 4,009 3,023 892 47 47 1,474 1,367 108 6 3 834 771 46 7 10 560 485 53 22 2,799 917 1,583 65 235 229 203 23 1 2 9,203 6,739 3,019 172 273 562 477 80 2 3 5,128 3,886 1,110 88 45 6,715 6,395 197 123 3,413 3,059 263 66 25 657 174 463 S 12 1,639 1,289 319 31 1,094 187 721 17 169 741 102 534 6 99 6,626 6,287 316 23 4,048 2,175 1,719 61 93 1,871 1,821 47 3 3,034 2,379 490 43 122 648 390 222 12 24 443 99 292 6 46 2,490 1,872 525 56 38 3,018 2,051 727 99 141 2,677 699 1,469 127 392 }9, 480, 609 4,116,219 5,214,683 4,535,190 4,212,611 18,379,935 2,896,554 2,906,651 2,202,451 3,739,869 3,432,739 25, 148, 463 3,512,670 3,246,062 3,296,121 1,636,386 9,452,408 13,516,874 3,738,609 1,038,619 6,507,870 1,480,478 21,232,178 7,055,425 15,148,765 42,482,263 10,885,543 1,106,043 4,306,167 809,084 1,317,912 26,871,844 9,173,067 6,514,110 8,697,771 2,324,172 831,929 6,157,148 16,496,303 4,532,119 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes re-ited power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1365 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- uig in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1421,865 12,657 1,893 1,382 3,717 23,097 '"6," 795' 1,956 11,336 77,194 28,032 1,040 252,766 1507,845 36,819 600 624 1,000 12,644 23,358 28,631 942 13,836,351 118,421 16,688 25,377 2K265 11,438 72,592 3,070 64,227 25,203 114,822 174,492 388,885 7,146 5,517 2,780,208 J78,2Z7 300 240 100 746 1,021 18,879 44,215 12,726 $63,832 I $621,065 8,741 1,640 4,820 1,852 576 1,320 500 10,186 8,770 1,275 446 1,316 21,785 2,444 195 226 113 1,215 1,891 6 1,016 360 696 3,691 5,480 65 2,149 601,518 $7,728,653 411,967 13,982 107,283 23,280 206,095. 138,981 1,855 98,009 36,788 109,065 142,779 715,562 5,170 12,839 5,704,998 $285,459 10,266 1,241 4,025 47 1,809 8,326 93 2,667 1,671 3,678 8,162 31,985 1,817 34 209,638 $16,733,954 723,440 43,617 171,715 .69,900 237,109 300,034 10,500 183,106 91,315 317,363 607,454 1,624,702 20,406 26,090 12,307,204 $8,719,842 301,207 28,394 60,407 46,573 29,205 152,727 8,552 82,429 52,856 204,620 456,513 877,155 13,419 13,217 1,392,568 11,867 170 33 105 157 258 2 271 60 115 231 1,891 36 8,538 10,135 40 235 'm 40 1,750 25 7,765 111 44 10 11 30 100 17 61 117 7 2 76 231 141 743 4,096 125 3,935 Orease and tallow, not including lubricating greaaes 2 Bats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 2 Horseshoes, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Instruments, professional and sclen- tiflB 1 Liquors, malt 3 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Mattresses and spring beds 4 Millinery and lace goods, not else- where specified 1 Mineral and soda waters 7 Faints 1 Patent medicines and compounds 4 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Saddlery and harness 3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Soap 1 Stamped ware, not elsewhere speci- fied: 1 Steam packing 1 Tinware 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snuff 1 Wire 1 Wirework 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $186,743 74, 170 110,934 133,776 62,173 100,284 117,543 155,867 28,587 129,978 80,108 547,082 66,051 53,549 99,525 74,422 268,399 384,620 62,802 115,537 44,282 386,089 92,005 196,555 469,959 160,331 24,920 228,062 27,667 20,335 237,450 290,905 94,309 149,299 44,610 23,462 167,357 228,381 146,183 $217,952 67,599 108,160 116,486 53,341 456,828 102,873 52,674 67,854 101, 13& 132,610 489,194 66,796 75,436 68,718 42,316 214,317 440,877 24,768 27,198 157,667 33,959 642,436 133,842 368,133 722,455 269,085 20,796 206,970 •21,929 738,307 191,994 214,969 129,460 $1,616,686 632,216 803,577 687,489 811,408 2,050,565 944,977 700,666 231,404 754,545 1,061,498 3,506,010 824,571 689,467 685,529 351,604 2,278,366 954,482 610,210 461,758 1,217,314 177,763 4,066,873 381, 160 2,369,648 6,248,298 2,418,694 264,675 878,600 286,703 182,995 5,058,374 1,818,795 1,668,734 1,543,068 68,018 280 201 81,590 3,338 8,241 2,221 817 66,023 'is,' 068' 40,974 364,326 27,121 5,333 128,183 12,777 173,458 39,790 2,922 2,885 226,727 1,156,439 24,939 143,042 53,086 256,986 1,473,829 13,126 31,870 173,867 80,414 1,030,135 8,008 51,068 ' Same number reported for one or more other months $9,694 3,044 12,442 n,816 14,404 10,665 5,070 5,962 1,405 8,753 10,352 56,141 52,028 5,374 27,398 32,714 36,988 10,300 9,144 13,588 9,826 13,547 78,441 6,430 21,204 123,929 9,447 8,193 17,223 6,953 6,176 15,664 25,642 90,323 10,571 $86,500 39,064 53,524 12,145 7,741 51,873 37,206 6,380 66,457 15,378 40,867 137,376 20,339 63,308 64,194 68,357 109,869 66,258 65,562 11,103 85,501 32,762 364,473 111,582 54,191 470,468 62,196 58,795 409,885 34, 181 91,607 132,315 182,447 46,1S8 28,497 $4,052,807 2,196,649 2,498,758 2,468,804 4,066,813 10,742,306 1,478,566 2,023,902 876, 189 1,476,565 1,087,642 11,952,614 1,771,444 739,586 1,208,694 437,891 4,461,650 5,498,731 876,495 499,833 3,196,923 443,894 10,777,166 829,797 3,749,640 18,665,883 3,660,243 393,899 1,769,893 694,545 382,443 27,030,377 4,274,911 1,928,742 3,355,521 741,753 427,346 5,070,390 6,694,209 3,515,392 $168,945 65,056 152,657 148,269 70,089 262,761 52,269 49,047 26,846 69,967 184,331 1,148,369 83,296 49,827 36,349 39,075 209,731 109,838 652,764 ■ 35,769 73,812 15,233 361,407 95,806 1,359,856 2,251,152 295,097 18,837 95,720 14,697 34,657 2,516,293 148,672 112,490 433,203 44,812 13,736 1,128,494 417, 159 40,454 $7,963,420 3,786,568 4,021,540 4,OT4,401 5,037,120 15,006,393 3,170,410 3,414,959 1,724,111 3,075,292 2,909,338 21,021,170 3,340,702 1,993,557 2,394,534 1,268,939 10,357,227 10,608,017 2,227,620 1,382,472 5,593,761 1,019,118 20,011,393 2,213,234 9,871,443 33,743,329 7,894,165 1,067,349 5,057,962 1,279,906 995,335 38,384,877 8,421,430 4,871,981 6,238,757 1.899,812 831,439 8,865,860 10,195,800 5,541,617 $3,741,668 1,524,963 1,370,126 1,417,328 900,218 4,001,326 1,639,575 1,342,010 822,076 1,528,770 1,637,365 7,920,287 1,485,962 1,204,144 1,149,491 791,973 5,685,846 4,999,448 798, 361 846,870 2,323,026 569,991 8,872,820 1,287,631 4,762,047 12,826,294 3,938,825 644,613 3,192,349 570,664 578,236 8,838,207 3,997,847 2,830,749 2,450,033 1,113,247 390,357 2,666,976 3,084,432 1,985,771 7,327 2,485 8,266 3,957 4,487 13,875 2,196 2,375 1,342 3,741 4,025 19,160 4,146 3,205 3,130 1,731 7,272 7,031 4,389 1,043 3,334 1,276 14,565 9,574 22,201 55,599 11,534 833 2,895 407 796 71,118 6,669 4,447 19,081 2,102 963 18,578 25,978 2,706 4,785 1,651 6,750 744 4,320 9,674 1,336 1,082 1,145 3,097 2,892 14,768 3,544 2,200 2,352 1,080 3,449 4,526 3,686 430 1,726 793 6,692 9,144 20,108 48,764 10,050 595 967 147 563 68,604 4,838 2,857 13,184 1,898 562 17,935 26,220 2,005 589 210 679 282 95 1,060 10 22 679 397 2,859 135 2,054 18 '90 U2 190 393 2 84 25 2 5 50 712 137 614 1,991 100 166 65 101 20 6 348 286 2 12 1,078 3,344 761 815 10 250 546 10 80 292 20 1,374 227 937 354 32 2,247 860 1,275 107 342 738 4,283 600 960 66 661 3,072 414 482 512 1,582 135 7,675 418 1,015 3,601 723 238 1,113 250 233 1,982 1,190 620 5,807 182 401 253 768 681 1,762 160 685 380 176 6,575 626 967 711 1,468 714 4,661 61 371 1,613 703 1,081 2,031 23 40 72 311 3,818 6,685 33, 942 6,830 67 143 11,673 2,230 3,039 1,051 143 84 1,958 9,831 1,753 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 3S 39 4a t Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1366 MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. Table 59.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTBT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAGE EAKNEKS DEC. 15, OE NEAE- EST EEPEESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and,over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTKIES COMBINED— Continued. Shaeon Shenandoah South Bethlehem SUNBUEY Tamaqua Tatloe Uniontown Wakeen Washinqton West Chestee WiLZINSBUEG WiLLIAMaPOET YOEK 48 2,688 42 112 184 ,52 2,298 46 578 42 27 27 7 475 43 11,435 34 88 .377 44 10,892 44 2,058 43 47 198 62 1,718 46 1,059 45 16 21 3 974 6 350 3 in 4 333. 43 969 38 33 103 19 776 72 2,233 81 96 120 60 1,876 64 2,218 51 59 71 35 2,002 55 1,080 .W 38 50 48 894 29 254 23 17 10 10 194 176 6,890 151 213 357 154 6,015 247 12,078 243 256 618 110 10,851 Jy 2,928 No 486 .rys 11,635 SB 1,801 Jy 1,000 Fe 374 Oo 878 No 2,061 Ap 2,268 Jy 1,012 Kn 235 Mh 6,474 Fe 11,276 Do 1,642 7a 459 Co 10,142 Oc 1, 653 De 939 Oc 275 Fe 598 Fe 1,720 Au 1,672 De 720 Ja 128 Oc 5,534 Au 10,365 2,354 2,297 28 29 474 237 209 4 24 11,663 9,878 1,570 94 121 1,713 1,235 410 30 38 '988 372 522 17 77 322 51 243 8 20 685 673 11 1 2,006 1,899 102 S 1,992 1,757 170 67 8 754 662 . 87 1 4 239 233 5 1 5,873 4,491 1,281 62 39 10,769 7,574 2,823 133 239 $12,452,835 1,636,951 68,792,777 5,696,871 989,512 245,503 4,665,909 7,792,934 4,159,534 4,149,021 560, 462 17,674,665 ' Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— PENNSYLVANIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914r-Contiiiued. 1367 EXPEKSES. / Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. _For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerlss, etc. Wage 'earners. Rent oJ Jaotory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines .2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED— Continued. $230,576 36,221 328,821 129,167 22,539 15,906 68,344 234,304 144,629 69,312 26,091 443,967 607,859 1 $244,538 31,682 661,513 225,979 19,522 4,000 138,718 163,217 98,680 96,668 14,807 448,440 651,431 $1,640,433 208,870 7,388,676 912,413 448,147 98,813 487,570 1,243,831 1,216,928 636,724 144,492 3,189,964 5,031,046 $9,605 $9,435 4,817 16,289 4,668 4,763 4,803 13,460 10,370 10,474 5,243 10,773 31,640 64,795 $106,306 114,200 390,691 27,191 25,285 838 249,639 32, 134 63,639 9,293 5,564 61,132 315,198 $2,905,436 892, 160 18,032,972 2,711,359 1,009,547 71,772 722,697 5,468,667 2,559,496 729,990 246,985 8,342,446 10,783,159 $645,713 20, 156 4,587,884 70,470 24,928 12,086 49,120 292,049 284,356 42,785 15,380 282,325 378,234 $6,372,998 1,573,464 40,179,381 5,115,641 1,686,748 244,941 2,237,177 8,611,207 5,093,672 2,084,505 572,207 15,863,699 22,043,328 $2,821,849 661, 148 17,558,525 2,333,812 652,273 161,083 1,465,460 2,860,501 2,249,821 1,311,730 309,842 7,238,928 10,881,936 18,762 1,497 117,017 3,091 995 476 2,196 4,347 4,016 1,678 1,094 12,041 18,965 17,826 1,290 84,267 2,773 621 200 862 877 886 1,235 550 9,972 8,872 458 478 207 530 284 369 276 667 1,219 993 438 406 1,862 9,610 7,671 610 49,327 1,859 170 "'"162" 73 926 442 17 2,834 2,577 1 ? 82,909 64,120 32,230 34 15 3 4 8,863 500 8,067 2,720 8,773 6,180 429,546 99,781 R 752 2,251 2,135 5 138 207 383 14 3' "■"ioo' 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ' Same niunber reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® RHODE ISLAND. By William A. CotrNTRTMAN. GENEEAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — ^Rhode Island was one of the original thirteen states. With a gross area of 1,248 square mUes, of which 1,067 represent land surface, it is the smallest state in the Union. Its inhabitants ia 1900 numbered 428,556, and in 1910, 542,610, and its estimated population iu 1914 was 591,000. In total population Rhode Island ranked thirty-eighth among the states in 1910, but in density of population it ranked first, with 508.5 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 401.6. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 524,654, or 96.7 per cent of the total,> as against 95.1 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 10 cities and towns each with an esti- mated population of more than 10,000: Central Falls, Cranston, Cmnberland, East Providence, Lincoln, Newport, Pawtucket, Providence, Warwick, and Woonsocket. These cities, whose aggregate popula- tion in that year represented 82.8 per cent of the esti- mated total population of Rhode Island, reported 83.5 per cent of the value of the state's manufactiu'ed products. The transportation facihties of Rhode Island are excellent. The state is traversed by the main line of the leading railway system of New England, and Providence, the largest city, is an important seaport. The total steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 206, and the electric-raUway mileage (street and tntenu-ban combined) in 1912 was 309. Importance and growth of manufactures. — At the census of 1914 Rhode Island ranked nineteenth among the states in value of products of its manufacturing industries and fourteenth in average number of wage earners employed. Its proportion of the total value of products of manufactures for the United States was 1.2 per cent, the corresponding proportion for both 1909 and 1904 being 1.4 per cent. The total value of products for the state represented a per capita of $473- in 1914, as against $517 in 1909, in which year it ranked first in this respect. The corresponding per capita figures for continental United States were $245 in 1914 and $225 in 1909. Table 1 summarizes the principal data for aU manu- facturing industries combined for the state as returned at the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from census to census > Table 1 MANTTFACTUEINQ INDUSTEIES. 1914 1909 1904 1899 PER CENT OF INCREASE.l 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 Number of establisbments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Paid for contract work Beiit and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). 72; i; 162, 279, 117, 2,190 124,109 1,883 8,801 113,425 269,854 444,563 621,981 255,689 366,292 138.483 343,851 425,219 545,873 120,654 1,951 122,641 a, 721 V382 113,538 226,740 (290,901,270 65,810,914 10,576,846 55,234,068 1,200,749 • 2,874,582 158,191,574 280,343,797 122,152,223 1,617 104,299 1,561 5,420 97,318 182; 608 $213,901,375 50,153,315 7,040,678 43,112,637 931,751 '2,209,517 112,872,261 202,109,583 89,237,322 1,678 h 4,022 88,197 153,619 $176,901,606 41,295,677 5,300,576 35,995,101 (.') 87,951,780 .165,550,382 77,598,602 12.3 1.2 9.4 19.2 -0.1 19.0 6.0 10.3 25.3 7.5 -5.2 51.1 2.7 -0.3 -4.1 20.7 17.6 10.2 36.2 16.7 24.2 34.7 31.2 50.2 28.1 34. S 10.3 18.9 22.0 21.4 32.8 19.8' 40.2 38.7 36.9 28.3 22.1 15.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. 3 Exclusive of internal revenue. The table brings out the fact that the growth which took place in the industries of Rhode Island during the decade 1899-1909 did not continue during the five- year period 1909-1914. In fact, as measured by value of products, value added by manufacture, and number of wage earners employed, the state's industries showed an actual dechne during this latter period. It is note- worthy, however, that the number of salaried em- ployees, amoimt of primary horsepower, and amounts paid for salaries and for rent and taxes showed ,cpn- . ,, . ,, -^ Digitized by Microsoft® siderable increases. The percentages of increase in number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture during the decade 1904-1914 were 35.4, 16.6, 38.3, and 31.2, respectively. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods, from 1899 to 1914. (1369) 1370 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 2 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. All industries Woolen and worsted goods Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Jewelry Foundry and machine-shop products. . Dyeing and finishing textiles Silk goods, includin? throwsters Eubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Slaughtering and meat packing Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Printmg and publishing Hosiery and knit goods Bread and other bakery products Liquors, malt Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore Gas, illuminating and heating Lumber and timber products Soap Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Fumisolng goods, men's Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or roll- ing mills Marble and stone work Confectionery Flour-mill and gristmill products Dyestufls and extracts Boxes and cartons, paper Confectionery (ice cream) Brass, bronze, and copper products Carriages, wagons, and repairs'. All other industries ; CENSUS or 1914; 1,190 80 102 291 182 47 12 6 23 13 162 23 204 8 15 t 5 46 20 20 ^ 7 12 46 19 47 647 Wage earners. Aver- age number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 113,425 22, 745 29,483 8,778 10,728 7,928 2,325 1,541 1,581 1,515 2,030 1,112 511 73 605 779 167 329 549 650 645 658 268 74 91 499 126 123 271 16,976 8279,545,873 20.1 26.0 7.7 9.5 7.0 2.0 1.4 0.2 1.4 1.3 1.8 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 15.0 Value of products. Amount. Per cent distri b.]-- tiou. 60,888,755 49,718,837 21,522,251 19,373,113 16,300,783 7,664,472 6,088,988 5,470,413 5,468,065 4,293,489 4,191,841 4,016,959 3,918,332 3,289,857 2,462,161 2,091,780 1,639,069 1,490,519 1,304,271 1,277,201 987,572 955,160 880.078 797, 553 792,817 ■ 625, 754 582, 576 576.617 508,901 50,467,689 100.0 21.8 17.8 7.7 6.9 5.8 2.7 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 18.1 Value added by manufacture. Amount. 8117,120,654 19,153,956 20,962,528 10,313,204 12,263,131 7,536,480 2,337,878 2,026,579 481,177 1,674,995 3,131,697 1,787,239 1,691,189 2,319,247 329,501 1,578,605 1,006,067 610, 166 549, 197 ,638,451 514,224 598, 501 669,334 358, 571 107,479 280,633 327,355 247,439 368,733 327, 707 22,931,391 Per cent distri bu- tion. 100.0 16.4 17.9 8.8 10.5 6.4 2.0 1.7 0.4 1.4 2.7 1.5 1.4 2.0 0.3 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 19.6 PEE CENT OF DTCEEASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 -0.1 -8.7 2.4 -7.7 -1.9 1.7 38.0 99.1 23.8 -1.2 4.2 14.4 5.4 13.6 46.8 4.1 -0.6 8.9 45.6 -5.0 -16.2 -0.3 101.6 0.6 -45.3 13.9 1904- 1909 16.7 15.3 16.3 46.9 26.9 3.0 30.5 -21.9 15.1 13.6 1.5 3.1 9.4 10.8 -10.8 13.7 -12.5 28.0 20.1 34.4 -12.9 13.5 -25.2 4.4 1899- 1904 10.3 22.7 3.0 -8.8 -3.6 27.3 183.7 -4.6 -19.5 63.1 14.8 7.8 36.5 37.2 7.4 0.2 61.9 -14.1 -54.4 11.5 45.4 -36.1 Value of products. 1909- 1914 -0.3 -18.4 -1.2 4.0 -6.0 16.8 67.2 93.8 -14.7 13.6 8.4 2.0 9.5 -25.9 34.3 9.7 23.3 10.2 39.9 -17.5 26.3 -7.6 96.7 -10.0 -14.'5 25.3 -30.3 20.6 1904- 1909 8.7 41.7 45.5 43.3 45.2 39.8 79.3 21.7 18.8 17.9 23.1 15.6 28.9 30.6 4.2 16.0 12.3 44.1 54.9 26.6 47.7 -0.7 98.3 -21.9 46.5 24.0 13.6 1904 36.1 30.8 9.1 4.4 17.6 95.0 2.5 2.3 6.3 49.9 22.8 41.7 45.7 22.3 63.0 104.4 -3.6 -53.8 -37.7 22.3 65.0 -42.0 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 -18.8 -15.9 -5.4 -2.7 -12.7 67.4 89.8 32.9 -7.7 16.3 26.7 15.3 -3.0 21.8 21.2 19.3 96.9 21.9 32.9 -21.3 -17.6 -14.6 89.1 11.7 -5.2 -0.9 31.6 26.7 1904- 1909 41.1 67.1 40.2 37.2 36.2 62.3 12.8 28.0 20.5 32.4 19.2 18.6 -1.1 20.3 -0.6 9.2 60.1 35.2 32.6 2.9 59.6 28.0 -14.4 1.8 1899- 1904 15.0 21.1 1.1 10.2 14.6 17.6 74.8 10.2 45.0 50.7 12.6 33.7 41.3 -20.8 49.3 34.4 'to.'? -7.6 -49.0 -70.8 48.2 -39.7 I Percentages are based on figures in Table 35; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. The designation "all other industries" covers 19 industries, each of which reported products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, but statistics for these can not be given without dis- closing the operations of individual establishments. These industries are: Automobiles; baking powders; boots and shoes, rubber; cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by electric-railroad companies; chemicals; files; food preparations, not elsewhere specified; iron and steel, steel works and rolling nulls; oil, cottonseed, and cake; oleomargarine; paints; paper and wood pulp; screws, wood; shipbuilding, iron and steel; sUversmithing and silverware; uphol- stering materials; washing machines and clothes wringers; waste; and wire. Although a few industries greatly predominate in importance, it will be seen from Table 2 that there is, on the whole, considerable diversity in the manu- factures of the state. The most important of the in- dustries listed in this table, in which they are ar- ranged according to value of products, may be con- sidered briefly. Textiles. — The textUe industries — comprising woolen and worsted goods; cotton goods, including cotton small wares and cotton lace; silk goods, including Digitized by throwsters; hosiery and knit goods; and dyeing and fin- ishing textiles — constitute by far the most important group of industries in the state. This group, desig- nated as "combined textiles," gave employment dur- ing the year to an average of 64,511 wage earners, and reported products valued at $138,764,688, these figures representing 56.9 per cent and 49.6 per cent, respec- tively, of the totals for all industries in the state; the corresponding percentages for 1909 were 57.2 and 62.5, respectively. Rhode Island ranks fifth among the states in value of products of cotton goods, third in that of woolen and worsted goods, fourth in that of dyeing and finishing textiles, sixth in that of silk goods, and fifteenth in that of hosiery and knit goods. Although textiles are dyed and finished in some of the factories in which they are produced, a great part of the textile output is treated in independent estab- hshments. This industry is centered in great tex- tile-manufacturing communities and is therefore ex- tensive in Rhode Island, in which it ranks fifth among the separate industries. Manufactures from precious metals. — The manufac- ture of jewelry is closely alUed with the silversmith- ing and silverware industry and with the reduction _, and refining of gold and silver from sweepings. cHp- Microsofm MANUFACTURES^RHODE ISLAND. 1371 pings, and scraps. The combined figures, however, can not be given without disclosing the operations of individual estabHshments in the silversmithing and silverware industry. The manufacture of jewelry and the reduction and refining of gold and silyer to- gether gave employment to an average of 8,851 wage earners and turned out products valued at $24,812,108. Foundry and maehine-sJiop products. — Rhode Island ranked twelfth in this important industry, a large part of which is devoted to the manufacture of machinery of various kinds, including that used in textile facto- ries. It also includes automobile repairing, the manu- factm-e of engines (steam, gas, and water), gas machines and gas and water meters, hardware, plmnbers' supplies, steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus, and structm-al ironwork. The value of products shown, $19,373,113, represents 6.9 per cent of the total for all maniif acturing industries ia the state. . Electrical Tnachinery, apparatus, and supplies. — In- sulated wires and cables, incandescent lamps, and elec- tric Hghting fixtiires are the chief products of this industry. Rhode Island ranked tenth among the states in value of such products in 1914. The leading industries differ somewhat in their ranking in value of products and in value added by manufacture. In 1914, as in 1909, woolen and worsted goods ranked first in value of products, but^second in value added by manufacture; cotton goods, second in value of products, but first in value added by manu- facture; jewelry, third in value of products, but fourth in value added by manufacture; and foundry and machine-shop products, fourth in value of products but third in value added by manufacture. The greatest rate of increase in value of products from 1909 to 1914, 96.7 per cent, is shown for confec- tionery; and the smallest, 2 per cent, for bread and other bakery products. A number of decreases are shown, the greatest, 30.3 per cent, appearing for brass, bronze, and copper products; and the least, 1.2 per cent, for cotton goods. In value added by manufacture the greatest rate of increase, 96.9 per cent, is for soap; and the smallest, 11.7 per cent, for flour-mill and gristmill products. The greatest rate of decrease, 21.3 per cent, is shown for fmmshing goods, men's; and the smallest, nine- tenths of 1 per cent, for paper boxes and cartons. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons ei^aged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." There was an increase of 1,696 in the number of males and a decrease of 228 in the w engaged in the manufactures of the state. The change was sufficient to cause a shght increase in the propor- tion of males and a decrease in that of females. Table 3 All classes. Proprietors and ofSclals Proprietors and firm members-. . Salaried officers of corporations... Superintendents and managers . . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTJFAC- TUHING INDUSTRIES. Cen- sus year. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 124,109 122,641 83,539 81,843 40,570 40,798 67.3 66.7 32.7 33.3 1914 1909 4,403 4,109 4,267 3,957 136 152 96.9 96.3 ■ 3.2 3.7 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1,883 1,721 947 907 1,573 1,481 6,2S1 4,994 113,425 113,638 1,780 1,606 925 885 1,562 1,466 4,143 3,337 75, 129 74,649 103 115 22 22 11 15 2,138 1,657 38,296 38, 989 94.6 93.3 97.7 97.6 99.^ 99.0 66.0 66.8 66.2 65.7 6.5 6.7 2.3 2.4 0.7 1.0 34.0 33.2 33.8 34.3 1914 1909 1914 1909 109,242 108,913 4,183 4,62S 73,217 72,239 1,912 2,310 36,025 36,674 2,271 2,315 67.0 66.3 45.7 49.9 33.0 33.7 64.3 60.1 SHght decreases appear in the percentages of females in aU classes combined and in each subclass sepa- rately, with the exceptions of clerks and other subor- dinate salaried employees and wage earners under 16 years of age. It is worthy of note that, although the number of female wage earners tmder 16 years of age decreased from 2,315 in 1909 to 2,271, in 1914, their proportion in this subgroup increased from 50.1 per cent in the earher year to 54.3 per cent in the later. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase or decrease from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent dis- tribution at the two censuses. The average mmiber of wage earners employed in the manufactTjres of the state duriug 1914 was slightly less (0.1 per cent) than the average number reported for 1909. The increase in the number of proprietors and oflicials, clerks, and other subordinate salaried employ- ees was sufficient to overcome this slight decrease and resulted in a net gain of 1,468, or 1.2 per cent, in the niunber of persons engaged in manufacturing indus- tries. The decrease in the number of wage earners is due entirely to the decrease in the number of females and of persons" under 16 years of age. There was an actual increase of 976, or 1.4 per cent, in the number of male wage earners 16 years of age and over. The number of clerks and other subordinate salaried em- ployees increased by 1,287, or 25.8 per cent. This large iacrease in salaried employees was due in part to the fact that some of the estabHshments did not operate to their full capacity during the entire year, but found it impracticable to make a corresponding reduction in the office and clerical force. This condition resulted irease in the proportion that the clerks 1372 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. and other salaried employees and proprietors and oiEcials are of the total number engaged in manufac- tures and a corresponding decrease in the proportion of wage earners. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUEINQ INDUSTEIEa. CLASS. Per cent of increase,' 190»-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Hale. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1.2 2.1 -0.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials 7.2 9.4 4.4 6.2 25.8 -0.1 0.3 -9.6 7.8 10.8 4.5 6.5 24.2 0.8 1.4 -17.2 -10.5 -10.4 3.5 1.5 0.8 1.3 5.1 91.4 88.0 3.4 3.4 1.4 0.7 1.2 4.1 92.6 88.8 3.8 5.1 2.1 1.1 1.9 5.0 89.9 87.6 2.3 4.8 2.0 1.1 1.8 4.1 91.1 88.3 2.8 0.3 0.3 0.1 m 5.3 94.4 88.8 5.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 4.1 95.6 89.9 6.7 Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers rierVs nnH othnr pnhnrdiTifl.tft salnriflH Amploypp.s 29.0 -1.8 -1.8 -1.9 16 years of age and over 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. In order to compare the distiibution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with thart shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earlier census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table S PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANHFACTOEINQ INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 124,109 122,641 104,299 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.2 Proprietors and iJrm pn em hers . 1,883 8,801 113,425 1,721 7,382 113,538 1,561 5,420 97,318 1.5 7.1 91.4 1.4 6.0 92.6 1.5 S.2 93.3 9.4 19.2 -0.1 10 2 Salaried employees Wage earners (average 36.2 16 7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The table shows a constant increase in the propor- tion that salaried employees formed of the total num- ber of persons engaged. The percentage of increase for each class during the later five-year period is much smaller than that for the earlier one, and for the aver- age number of wage earners a slight decrease is is shown. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age are given In Table 6, for 1914, 1900, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the percentage which the number of male wage earners over 16 years of a%e represented of the total, increased sHghtly from census to census; for females the corresponding percentage increased somewhat from 1904 to 1909 but decreased during the following five-year period; and for wage darners under 16 decreases in this respect, are from census to census. LJlQlLlZ6( Table 6 All industries Bread and other bakery products , Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies , Foundry and n^acbine-shop products. Hosiery and knit goods , Jewelry Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including throwsters Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average number.! 113,425 113. 538 97,318 1,112 1,055 29,483 28,786 7,928 7,792 1,581 1,601 10,728 10,937 2,030 1,774 8,778 9,511 779 748 1,515 1,454 1,541 774 2,325 1,685 22, 745 24,924 22,880 22,497 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Female. 64.6 61.6 63.0 93.1 91.7 51.3 50.7 -79.6 77.7 67.4 68.7 98.1 97.3 18.9 19.9 67.2 56.8 99.2 99.6 76.3 70.8 75.6 48.6 40.1 43.6 50.0 52.1 76.4 77.6 31.8 32.3 31.6 6.4 7.6 43.1 18.2 19.9 31.0 39.1 1.3 1.6 75.4 73.1 31.2 40.6 0.3 0.2 22.1 26.8 23.1 45.6 56.1. 63.2 43.4 41.7 22.1 20.2 Under 16 years of age. 3.7 4.1 6.4 0.5 0.8 6.6 6.0 2.3 2.4 1.5 2.2 0.6 1.1 6.7 7.0 1.7 2.6 0.5 0.1 1.5 2.3 1.3 8.8 3,8 3.2 6.2 1.5 2.1 » For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the aver- age number in all industries combined, see ''Explanation of terms." In 1914, as in 1909, the larger part of the female wage earners were employed in the textile industries. The proportion of females among wage earners over 16 years of age employed in 1914 in the manufacture of hosiery and knit goods was more than three-fourths; ^n^thej^fcjwJustry, more than five-nmths; and in the QM^e woolen and worsted industries, each MANUFACTURES^— RHODE ISLAND. 1373 more ttaii two-fifths. In the independent establish- ments 'dyeing and finishing textiles the percentage of females was comparatively small— less than one-fifth — and showed a decrease from 1909 to 1914. The manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes, and of jewelry, each employed a substantial proportion of women in 1914, but a smaller one than in 1909. A decrease is shown in the proportion of wage earners under 16 employed in each of the indus- tries covered by the table except the manufacture of silk goods, woolen and worsted goods, and lumber and timber products. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Census year. AVERAGE ITOMBEE OF WAGE EAENEE3 IN- - SEX AND AGE. Central Falls. Cranston. Cumber- land. East Provi- dence. Lincoln. Newport. Paw- tucket. Provi- dence. War- wick. Woon- socket. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,077 2,475 2,443 2,218 1,711 5S7 4,666 5,359 4,574 1,906 2,041 1,381 2,602 893 726 849 16,713 15,276 12,054 44,176 46,381 39,804 6,439 6,471 6,153 10,952 10, 703 8,672 16 years of age and over: Male...: 1,543 1,072 1,124 1,348 1,252 1,097 186 151 222 2,024 1,609 ' 493 171 18S 92 23 14 2 2,633 3,108 I 2, 334 1,764 1,962 11,876 279 289 1364 1,677 1,651 11,097 200 331 283 29 69 1 1,862 779 669 801 105 67 42 9 9,500 8,724 6,604 6,393 5,641 4,780 820 910 770 31,002 31, 166 26, 643 12,073 13, 74S 11,410 1,101 1,467 1,751 4,133 •4,135 3,810 2,036 2,077 1,821 270 259 522 6,098 6,293 5,195 667 4, .358 3,864 2,881 Under 16 years of age 73 496 546 6 596 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 60.1 43.3 46.0 43.8 SO. 6 44.9 6.0 6.1 9.1 91.3 88.2 87.5 7.7 11.0 12.3 1.0 0.8 0.3 66.4 68.0 47.4 37.6 36.6 46.2 6.0 5.4 6.4 88.0 80.9 76.5 10.5 16.2 23.4 1.5 2.9 0.1 71.6 87.2 92.1 94.3 11.8 7.9 4.9 1.0 66.8 67.1 64.0 38.3 36.9 39.7 4.9 6.0 6.4 70.2 67.2 66.9 27.3 29.6 28.7 2.5 3.2 4.4 64.2 63.9 61.9 31.6 32.1 29.6 4.2 4.0 8.5 55.7 58.8 59.9 Female 25.6 39.8 36.1 33.2 Under 16 years of age 2.8 4.5 5.1 0.7 6.9 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it wiis necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. This table shows the extent to which men, women, and children, respectively, are employed in the manu- factures of the principal cities of the state. The smallest proportions of children in 1914 of the total average number of wage earners employed are shown for Cranston and Newport. The largest city in the state. Providence, had a smaller proportion in 1914 than in 1909 or 1904, and a decrease from census to census is also shown for Pawtucket. In the cities where the largest numbers are employed. Providence and Pawtucket, the per cent that women form of the number of wage earners has decreased slightly since 1904. This is true also of four of the smaller cities. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER CENT OF ESCEEASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.l CITY. PER CENT IN INCREASE OP AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS 1 — continued. CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. Male. Female. age. Central Falls 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 26.0 24.3 1.3 277.9 29.6 191.6 2.0 -12.9 17.2 38.0 -6.6 47.8 5.2 23.0 -14.5 37.3 43.9 -4.6 310.5 34.1 206.1 12.8 -15.3 33.2 52.9 1.6 50.5 -2.7 16.4 -16.5 22.9 7.7 14.1 -16.2 23.2 -32.0 Pawtucket 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1901-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 38.7 9.4 26.7 11.0 -4.8 16.5 4.6 -0.6 5.2 26.3 2.3 23.4 46.1 8.9 34.1 16.4 -0.5 17.0 8.5 ^\5 17.4 -3.1 21.1 33.7 13.3 18.0 6.8 -12.2 20.5 11.8 -2.0 14.1 51.3 12.8 34.1 6 5 Oran.'itnTi Providence.. . -9.9 18.2 37 1 -9.0 Warwick -24.9 16 2 *^ -6.5 -10.6 4.6 -29.3 -39.6 17.0 -23.4 -3.5 -20.6 4.2 -50.4 -16.8 -9.2 -8.4 Newport ^ »■ A minus sign (— ) denotes aecrease; percent: T!i^ifff§CI''13fWlfdf^M® 2 A decrease of less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 1374 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. An increase in total average number of wage earners for the 10 years was reported for each of the cities, but shght decreases appear for four during the semidecade 1909-1914. There has been a decrease in number of women employed, in two cities, and of children, in five cities, since 1904. Wage earners employed, by months. — ^The following table gives, for aU industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average mmiber employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the nimaber reported for each month forms of the greatest nmnber reported for any month. For 1914 the maximum number, 116,685, was re- ported for March; but for 1909 and 1904 it was re- ported for December — 119,191 and 100,453, respec- tively. December was the month of least employment in 1914, with 92.8 per cent of the maximvun; January in 1909, with 91.3 per cent; and July in 1904, with 94.7 per cent. Table 9 MONTH. January... February.. March April May Jiuie July August September. October November. December. WAGE EABNEBS IN MANUFACTUKING INDU^RIES. Number.i 19U 116,501 116,597 116,685 116,349 115,661 114, 119 111,600 110,936 112,035 112,300 110,066 108,261 1909 108, 109, 111, 111, 111, 112, 111, 112, 116, 118, 119, 119, 1904 98,184 97,573 97,376 96,263 95,516 95,678 95,138 95,212 96,672 99,414 100, 337 100,453 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 100.0 99.7 99.1 97.8 95.6 95.1 96.0 96.2 94.3 92.8 91.3 92.0 93.9 93.4 93.9 94.0 93.6 94.7 97.4 99.0 99.9 100.0 97.7 97.1 96.9 95.8 95.1 95.2 94.7 94.8 96.2 99.0 99.9 100.0 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number employed during the month. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 10 INDUSTET AND CITY. Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. All industries Bread and other bakery products Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . . Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Foundry and machine-shop products . Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Printing and publishing. Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Silk goods, including throwsters Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Total for cities Central Falls Cbanston Ccmbebland East Providence Lincoln Newport Pawtucket Pbovidence Warwick Woonsocket WAGE EAENEBS: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and thatof minimum by italic figures.] 113,425 1,«2 549 29,483 7,928 1,581 10,728 2,030 8,778 511 779 658 1,515 1,541 2,325 22,745 21,162 93,642 3,077 2,218 4,666 1,906 2,602 16,713 44,176 6,439 10,952 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. January. 116,501 1,102 605 30,094 8,307 1,845 11,447 2,109 9,388 514 818 602 1,652 1,753 2,373 22,618 21,374 96,656 Febru- ary. 116,597 1,102 687 30,251 8,328 1,796 11,428 2,218 9,186 501 791 576 1,552 1,765 2.429 22,673 21,414 96,427 3,396 2,309 4,736 1,960 2,792 788 16,941 46,020 ,6,519 .4l,195 3,288 2,339 4,729 1,965 2,789 16,980 45,545 6,560 11,345 March. 116,685 1,106 656 30,306 8,249 1.809 11,397 2,137 8,979 506 805 634 1,633 1,879 2,413 22,807 21,669 96,592 3,237 2,347 4,772 2,020 2,758 17,108 46,676 6,635 11,300 April. 116,349 1,09S 30,294 8,191 1,671 11,246 2,069 8,765 504 818 663 1,504 2,011 23,226 21,650 96,182 3,210 2,424 4,748 1,910 2,687 968 16,987 45,710 6,622 10,916 May. 115,661 1,104 533 30,007 7,927 1,622 11,144 2,041 SOS 80S 669 1,524 1,986 2,418 23,154 21,562 96,154 3,083 2,395 4,704 1,886 2,618 1,066 16,889 45,724 6,626 11, 163 June. 114,119 1,112 531 29,638 7,872 1,548 10,789 1,968 8,370 521 807 688 1,500 1,875 2,425 23,163 21,412 94,466 2,965 2,260 4,668 1,891 2,570 1,017 16,793 44,816 6,513 10,983 July. Ill,fi00 1,112 531 29,170 7,696 1,529 10,654 1,943 8, US 529 807 685 1,464 1,827 2,321 22,623 20,566 91,788 2,933 2,238 4,487 1,879 2,446 869 16,449 44,003 6,487 August. 110,936 1,122 539 29,077 7,699 1,549 10,418 1,918 8,312 521 769 712 1,4B1 1,341 2,372 22,134 21,002 91,267 3,039 2,101 1,923 2, Pi 16,462 42,904 6,448 10,662 Sep- tember. 112,035 1,131 540 29,256 7,810 1,464 9,853 1,953 8,937 514 743 720 1,499 1,035 2,340 22,947 21,293 92,123 3,039 2,043 4,710 1,880 2,655 892 16,614 43,231 6,358 10,901 October. 112,300 1,120 652 28,829 7,860 1,406 9,7Se 1,938 9,277 510 737 711 1,529 1,107 2,270 23,466 21,262 92,670 2,978 2,033 4,733 1,926 2,510 838 16,686 43,606 6,319 11,041 Novem- ber. 110,056 1,123 540 £8,S7B 7,653 1,368 10,105 1,938 8,880 7«f 652 1,534 881 2,165 22,898 20,728 90,524 g,78S 2,0Bi 4,644 1,847 2,547 813 16,609 42,125 6,085 11,147 Decem- ber. 108,161 1,115 552 28,602 7,564 1,S65 10,519 l,89i 8,439 609 727 584 1,538 1,032 2,254 B1,IS1 m,siB 88,855 2,971 2,115 4,619 1,785 2,519 765 ie,SS8 Jfl,85S 6,208 10,783 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 92.8 96.8 86.3 93.6 90.7 74.0 85.1 85.4 86.7 94.1 88.1 80.0 93. S 43.8 87.3 90. S 94.0 91.9 82.0 83.4 93.1 88.4 87.2 71.8 94.9 88.8 91.8 88.1 The smallest degree of fluctuation in number of wage earners employed in the various industries in 1914 was shown by bread and other bakery products, and the greatest by rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. It is worthy of note that although in 1914 March was the month of greatest employment, taking all the indus- tries as a group, the maximum figures for 6 of the 15 industries are shown for January. Providence, Central Falls, and Lincoln reported their maximum numbers for January; and the maximum for aU the cities taken as a group also appears for this month. The maximum numbers for Pawtucket, Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. 1375 Cumberland, and East Providence, and for the state as a whole, are shown for March; and for Woonsocket the greatest number appears for February. The mini- mum nimibers of wage earners for all the cities com- bined and for four of the cities separately — Provi- dence, Pawtucket, East Providence, and Newport — were reported for December. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported, for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined, and for selected industries have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabhshments in which they were employed. A similar classifi- cation is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabi- tants. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hoiu^. Table H Census year. average numbee op wage eaenebs. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 64. 54 Between 54 and 60. 60 Be- tween 60 and 72. 72 Over 72. All Industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 113,425 113,538 5,871^ 2,672 3,520 1,484 72,681 7,001 26,013 92, 597 4,975 9,388 243 163 21 30 101 203 Bread and other bakery products 1,112 1,065 549 377 29,483 28,786 7,928 7,792 1,581 1,601 10,728 10,937 2,030 1,774 8,778 9,511 611 450 779 748 658 660 1,516 1,454 1,541 774 2,325 1,685 22,745 24,924 21,162 21,010 93,642 132 104 341 206 20 20 10 18 335 462 136 157 11 27,248 34 5,862 106 99 41 142 1,892 28,658 972 6,334 595 1,409 8,034 8,411 196 1,702 3,786 7,600 366 627 7 46 19 23 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Cotton goods, including cotton small wares 8' 94 259 1,438 535 27 310 948 Dyeing and finishing textiles 3 832 20 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 34 6 165 348 10 1 620 63 417 158 1,553 1,221 1,519 1 652 9 305 Foundry and maehin&^hop products 14 Hosiery and knit goods 71 360 1,218 Jewelry 832 573 411 3,260 167 20 Liquors, malt i 100 449 277 191 9 28 121 98 744 3 2,247 1 97 200 22 1 21 21 41 90 Lumber and timber products 198 77 620 618 1,158 629 68 13 149 267 7 Marble and stone work 13 196 625 Printing atirt piTblishing 19 278 766 647 78 1,685 3,993 22,748 5,389 12,717 22,475 3 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 34 " Silk goods, including tlirowsters Woolen and worsted goods 18,147 284 10,658 4,221 59,109 606 1,796 2,361 2,857 3,729 2 1,219 553 5,382 95 1,340 358 2,600 All other industries 202 94 225 2 7 21 1 203 101 Total for cities Centbai Falls : 3,077 2,218 4,666 1,906 2,602 893 16,713 44,176 6,439 10,962 53 371 13 218 1 162 1,087 3,005 26 446 13 2,208 262 4,226 688 2,479 581 11,534 23,019 6,843 8,269 761 1,520 68 32 89 62 2,930 14,689 324 2,110 42 65 246 962 32 38 709 1,308 235 92 Ceanston Cttmbf.rlakd 113 6 I 37 450 1,935 10 35 East Peovtoence Lincoln Newpoet 21 '" "264' 2 3 16 PAWKUCKET Pkovidence 100 Waewick Woonsocket It appears from this table that the greatest number of wage earners in 1914 — 72,681, or more than half the total — were employed in estabhshments in which the prevaUing hours were 54 per week, and that the next greatest number — 26,013, or about one-fourth of the total — were reported by estabhshments whose pre- vailing hours were between 54 and 60. In 1909, however, the great majority— 92,597, or more than 80 per cent of the total — were employed in establish- ments in which the prevaihng hours were between 54 and 60, while only 7,001, or but Httle more than 6 per cent of the total, were reported by estabhshments in Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1376 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. the 54-liour group. In 1914, 8.3 per cent of the total number of wage earners were employed in establish- ments with prevailing hours fewer than 54, and only 0.3 per cent in establishments in which the prevailing hours were more than 60; the corresponding propor- tions were 3.7 per cent and three-tenths of 1 per cent, respectively, in 1909. In the foundry and machine- shop industry the great majority of the wage earners were employed between 54 and 60 hours weekjy in both 1914 and 1909. In the cotton, hosiery, silk, and woolen and worsted industries, the greatest numbers in 1914 were reported by estabhshments in which the prevaUing hours were 54 weekly, but in these indus- tries the greatest numbers in 1909 were employed in the factories with prevailing hours between 54 and 60. For the cities taken as a group, the proportions of wage earners reported for the different groups do not differ greatly from those for the state as a whole. Six cities show no wage earners in establishments working more than 60 hours a week. For the 10 cities taken together, 8.5 per cent of the wage earners were reported by establishments whose prevailing hours were fewer than 54 a week, and for Providence the corresponding percentage is 11.2. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to whidh the manu- factures in Rhode Island were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. OTIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OVER. DISTEICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVINQ S Total. 10,000 to 26,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVEB. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 U914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 10 9 8 489,690 437,627 330,437 1,907 1,656 1,368 93,642 91,142 66,718 $233,345,503 226,191,605 131,529,623 99,719,841 101,209,421 61,111,305 82. 8 80.7 77.1 87.1 84.9 80.9 82.6 80.3 75.6 83.5 80.7 79.4 85.1 82.9 78.8 6 4 6 87,302 69,776 87,405 161 126 134 14,469 11,586 10,047 $33,912,284 28,068,350 18,856,038 14,010,656 12,122,100 8,134,338 14.8 12.9 20.4 7.4 6.5 8.0 12.8 10.2 11.4 12.1 10.0 11.4 12.0 9.9 10.6 4 4 2 157,298 143,626 67,435 639 450 295 34,997 33,175 18,303 $84,098,088 77,882,671 34,016,482 34,344,110 33,616,782 16,870,528 26.6 26.5 16.7 24.6 23.1 17.6 30.9 29.2 20.8 rs 20.6 29.3 27.5 21.7 1 1 1 245,090 224,326 175,597 1,207 1,080 929 44,176 46,381 38,368 $115,335,131 120,240,581 78,667,103 61,36.5,176 56,470,639 36,106,439 691,215 642,610 428,666 2,190 1,951 1,678 113,425 113,538 88,197 $279,. 545, 873 280,343,797 165,550,382 117,120,654 122,162,223 77,598,602 41.5 41.3 41.0 65.1 66.4 66.4 38.9 40.9 43.6 41.3 42.9 47.5 43.9 45.4 46.5 101,525 104,983 98,119 283 295 320 19,783 22,396 21,479 $46,200,370 54,152,292 34,020,759 17,400,813 20,942,802 16,487,297 17.2 19.3 22.9 12.9 Average number of wage earners. . . 16.1 19.1 17.4 19.7 24.4 16.5 Value added by manufacture 19.3 20.6 14.9 17.1 21.2 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. For 1914, 83.5 per cent of the total value of products and 82.6 per cent of the average number of wage earners for the state were reported by cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. These figures are slightly higher than the corresponding ones for the earlier census years shown, as might be expected in view of the fact that in 1914 the state had 10 cities of more than 10,000, as against 9 in 1910 and 8 in 1900. The group of cities and towns having between 10,000 and 25,000 inhabitants consisted in 1914 of Central Falls, Cranston, Cumberland, East Providence, and Lincoln. Cumberland was first included in this group for 1909 and Lincoln for 1914. The cities having between 25,000 and 100,000 inhabitants in 1914 are Newport, Pawtucket, Warwick, and Woon- socket. Providence is the only city having a popula- tion of more than 100,000. For all the cities combined and for the two groups of places having fewer than 100,000 inhabitants, there are shown increases between 1909 and 1914, not only in total value of products but also in the proportions which the values reported by these ^^?/2i©(Sfr/B^ total for the state; but for Providence, the only city of more than 100,000 inhabitants, there appear shght decreases in both respects. The relative importance in manufactures of ^ach of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Lincoln, for which comparable figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904, had less than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. Table 13 CITT. Providence Pawtucket Woonsocket..-. Warwick Cumberland East Providence Central Falls Cranston Lincoln AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 1904 44, 176 16,713 10,952 6,439 4,666 1,906 3,077 2,218 2,602 46,381 15, 275 10,703 6,471 5,3.59 2,041 2 475 1,711 726 39,804 12,064 8,672 6,153 4,574 1,381 2,443 587 849 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $115,335,131 42,028,728 28,115,187 11,655,697 7,972,387 7,000,109 6,748,296 6,706,138 5,485,354 2,298,676 1909 $120,240,584 37,696,186 28,218,515 10,588,943 9,826,720 7,145,977 5,470,939 5,624,714 1904 $91,930,963 25,846,899 19,260,537 7,051,971 5,965,027 5,544,376 5,090,984 1,638,881 1,378,927^ 1,347,104 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. 1377 For every city for which comparative figures for earlier censuses are given an increase in value of pro- ducts appears for the ten-year period; but for the last five-year period four cities — Providence, Woonsocket, Cumberland, and East Providence — show decreases in value of products. The greatest absolute gain from 1909 to 1914, $4,332,5.42, was made by Pawtucket and was due partly to the increased production of its silk miUs. The greatest relative gain, however, 66.7 per cent, appears for Newport and was ia part the result of increased activity in shipbuilding and in the manu- facture of confectionery. The greatest absolute de- crease, $4,905,453, was reported for Providence, and may be accounted for in large measure by a lessened production of woolen and worsted goods and of foundry and machine-shop products. The greatest relative decrease, 18.9 per cent, is shown for Cumberland, and was caused by a decreased production of cotton goods. The totals presented for Newport do not include figiu-es for the naval torpedo station in that city, operated by the Federal Government. In 1914 this plant employed an average of-588 wage earners and turned out products valued at $2,137,924, the cor- responduig figures for 1909 being 270 and $471,712, respectively. Providence ranked twenty-second among the cities of the United States in value of all manufactured products in 1914, nineteenth in 1909, and seventeenth iu 1904. More than one-fifth of the total value of the textile products of the state was reported from this city. AH the estabHshments in the state which manu- factured silverware and plated ware were located here as well as practically aU those engaged in the manufac- ture of jewelry. Of the total value of foxmdry and machine-shop products manufactured in Rhode Island in 1914, Providence reported 57.8 per cent, and of those made hi 1909, a considerably greater proportion^ 70.3 per cent. Pawtucket, Woonsocket, and Warwick stiU main- tain their importance in the textile industries, which contributed 52.3, 74.7, and 76.7 percent, respectively, of the total value of products reported by these places for 1914. Woolen miUs lead ia importanc6 in Woon- socket, and cotton Tnills ia Pawtucket and Warwick. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for all iudustries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabHshments, it is necessary to omit several impor- tant industries from this table. Table 14 NUMBER op AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. INDUSTKT AND aTT. Cen- sus year. OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AU oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1,109 955 754 713 659 512 368 337 351 113,425 113,638 97,318 8,888 8,858 94,826 96,794 76,803 8,087 8,856 11,657 9.3 7.8 9.1 83.6 84.4 78.9 7.1 7.8 12.0 $279,645,873 280,343,797 202,109,583 123,460,462 18,425,145 18,576,416 $237,242,698 243,426,998 158,322,601 $18,842,713 18,491,654 25,210,566 8.4 6.6 9.2 84.9 86.8 78.3 6.7 6.6 12.5 Bread and other bakery- products. 167 147 12 12 25 28 1,112 1,055 475 448 398 388 239 219 42.7 42.5 35.8 36.8 21.6 20.8 4,016,969 3,936,864 1,673,559 1,622,166 1,542,613 1,427,329 800,787 887,379 41.7 41.2 38.4 36.3 19.9 22.6 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 11 8 74 86 17 12 29,483 28,786 197 62 26,093 25,120 3,193 3,604 0.7 0.2 88.5 87.3 10.8 12.5 49,718,837 50,312,597 431,073 163,448 44,639,729 45,066,656 4,648,035 5,092,593 0.9 0.3 89.8 89.6 9.3 10.1 Foundry and maohine- sbop products. 1914 1909 84 57 72 70 26 14 10,728 10,937 592 550 9,928 10,238 208 149 5.5 5.0 92.5 93.6 1.9 1.4 19,373,113 20,611,693 1,228,779 1,332,787 17,719,103 18,946,600 426,231 333,406 6.3 6.5 91.5 91.9 2.2 1.6 Hosiery and knit goods. . . 1914 1909 4 16 11 3 2 2,030 1,774 438 1488 1,399 1,286 193 21.6 '27.5 68.9 72.5 9.5 4,191,841 3,866,792 21,522,251 20,685,100 677,019 1836,126 2,607,971 3,303,671 3,267,306 3,029,666 347,617 13.8 121.6 77.9 78.4 8.3 1914 1909 97 132 115 91 79 73 8,778 9,511 1,472 2,367 5,421 5,018 1,885 2,126 16.8 24.9 61.8 52.8 21.6 22.4 14,651,977 13,259,724 4,262,303 4,121,705 12.1 16.0 68.1 64.1 19.8 19.9 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 33 37 11 9 9 11 779 748 294 333 411 295 74 120 37.7 44.5 52.8 39.4 9.6 16.0 2,091,780 1,907,072 723,520 739,600 1,178,741 855,750 189,519 311,722 34.6 38.8 56.4 44.9 9.1 16.3 Marble and stone work. . . 1914 1909 32 31 6 4 8 11 658 660 109 93 388 361 161 206 16.6 14.1 59.0 64.7 24.5 31.2 956,160 1,033,431 212,531 168,301 503,015 560,338 239,614 304,792 22.3 16.3 52.7 54.2 25.1 29.5 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 90 86 39 28 33 33 1,515 1,464 246 305 1,150 1,015 119 134 16.2 21.0 76.9 69.8 7.9 9.2 4,293,489 3,780,075 515,841 629,666 3,512,189 2,863,957 265,469 286,662 12.0 16.7 81.8 75.8 6.2 7.6 Woolen and worsted goods 1914 1909 10 10 66 72 4 6 22,745 24,924 1,761 456 20,654 23,893 430 573 7.7 1.8 90.4 95.9 1.9 2.3 60,888,756 74,600,240 4,476,009 806,631 65,506,406 72,784,278 906,340 1,009,431 7.4 1.1 91.2 97.6 1.5 1.4 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 961 615 331 93, 642 8,082 78,539 7,021 8.6 83.9 7.6 233,346,503 17,402,607 199,021,136 16,921,760 ^ 7.5 85.3 7.3 Cektbal Falls. . 17 14 9 19 10 23 18 13 15 5 5 7 2 4 3,077 2,218 4,666 1,906 2,602 893 16,713 44, 176 6,439 112 47 133 609 1,474 284 649 4,091 195 2,916 2,131 4,633 1,286 1,128 49 40 ■""ii 3.6 2.1 10.7 32.0 56.6 94.8 96.1 99.3 67.6 43.4 1.6 1.8 "6.' 6 6,748,296 6,706,138 7,972,387 7,000,109 6,485,364 2,298,676 42,028,728 116,335,131 11,655,597 ^15,187 269,078 124,329 1 100,041 1,124,516 2,546,818 722,743 1,535,256 9,033,277 683,764 1,262,785 6,146,956 6,427,532 7,872,346 5,830,658 2,938,636 1,357,648 38,348,742 96,336,757 7,342,657 26,419,294 332,262 154,277 4.0 1.9 11.3 16.1 91.1 95.8 98.7 83.3 4 9 Cranston 2 3 Cumberland East Peovtoence Lincoln 44,935 ■ 0.6 Newport 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 63 102 613 34 80 10 96 367 15 53 16 37 227 9 24 649 15,690 36,318 3,671 m 60 374 3,767 2,673 . ili7 31.8 3.9 9.3 3.0 m 61.5 93.9 82.2 67.0 m 6.7 2.2 8.6 40.0 218,185 2,144,730 9,966,087 3,629,176 433,108 31.4 3.7 7.8 5.9 4.5 59.1 91.2 83.6 63.0 94.0 9.S 5.1 8.6 31.1 1.5 PAWTTirTTET Warwick ' b^ 82101°— 18 87 1 Includes the group "aU others." 1378 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. The distribution in this table is that among corpo- rate, iadividual, and all other forms of organization. With "all others" are included "firms," the corpora- tions being kept wholly separate. For all industries combined, 32. 6 per cent of the total number of estab- lishments in 1914 were under corporate ownership, as against 33.8 per cent in 1909 and 31.7 per cent in 1904. The proportions of the total value of products reported by the corporations, however, were much greater — 84.9 per cent in 1914, 86.8 in 1909, and 78.3 ia 1904. Of the industries covered separately by the table, the only one in which the individual form of organiza- tion reported the greatest value of output was bread and other bakery products. In this industry, as well ' as in cotton goods, marble and stone work, and woolen and worsted goods, the proportion reported by the individual form of organization was greater in 1914 than in 1909, the most marked increase in this respect being shown by the woolen and worsted industry. In the 10 cities and towns, taken as a group, 85.3 per cent of the total value of products of manufacturing estabhshments in 1914 was reported by corporations. The largest percentage for any one city, 98.7, is shown for Cumberland, and the smallest, 53.6, for Lincoln, In Providence, the largest city, 83. 5 per cent of the total was reported by corporations. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. Table 15 VALUE OP PRODUCT. NUMBER or ESTAB- ~^ LISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,190 1,951 1,617 113,425 113,538 97,318 $279,545,873 $280,343,797 $202,109,583 $117,120,654 $122,152,223 $89,237,322 Less than S5,000 657 645 467 349 72 477 579 459 367 69 308 523 428 317 41 813 3,310 10,180 47,865 51,257 707 3,244 10, 742 49,719 49,126 449 2,955 9,595 50,490 33,829 1,637,079 6,514,767 22,084,011 112,959,317 136,350,699 1,166,084 5,891,800 21,304,255 116,696,463 135,285,206 807,109 5,392,825 18,617,859 97,235,874 80,055,916 1,119,737 3,910,731 11, 625, 2-, 3 48,382,007 62,082,906 795,432 3,510,241 11,231,441 52,043,520 54,571,589 552,428 15,000 to $20,000 3,277,555 120,000 to SIOO.OOO. 10,035,332 SlOO, 000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 43,774,550 31,597,467 PER CENT DISTREBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 30.0 29.5 21.3 15.9 3.3 24.4 29.7 23.5 18.8 3.5 19.0 32.3 26.5 19.6 2.5 0.7 2.9 9.0 42.2 45.2 0.6 2.9 9.5 43.8 43.3 0.5 3.0 9.9 51.9 34.8 0.6 2.3 7.9 40.4 48.8 0.4 2.1 7.6 41.6 48.3 0.4 2.7 9.2 48.1 39.6 1.0 6.3 9.9 41.3 44.5 0.7 2.9 9.2 42.6 44.7 0.6 $5,000 to $20,000 3.7 $20,000 to $100,000 11.2 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 49.1 35.4 Although the percentage which the output of the corporations formed of the total, diminished somewhat between the last two census years, as shown by Table 14, the proportion reported by estabhshments with products valued at $1,000,000 and over, increased shghtly during the same period. For 1904 the estab- lishments with products valued at $100,000 to $1,000,000 reported a greater percentage, 48.1, of the total value of products than those in any of the other groups; but for both 1909 and 1914 those reporting $1,000,000 and over were far in the lead, with 48.3 per cent in the earher year and 48.8 per cent in the later. The estabhshments with products valued at less than $100,000, taken as a group, reported 12.3 per cent of the total value for 1904, 10.1 per cent for 1909, and 10.8 per cent for 1914. In average number of wage earners these smaller estabhshments show a continued, though slight, proportional decrease, from 13.4 per cent of the total in 1904 to 13 per cent in 1909 and to 12.6 per cent in 1914. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for six of the more important industries, a classification of estab- hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture similar to that presented in Table 15 for all industries combined. For two of the leading industries — ^woolen and worsted goods and foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts — the estabhshments with products valued at $1,000,000 and over, show decreases between 1909 and 1914 in number, average nmnber of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manxifacture. In the cotton industry, on the other hand, the estab- hshments in this class show increases in all respects, except value added by manufacture. Of the estabhshments reporting products valued at less than $5,000, those in the bread and other bakery and foundry and machine-shop industries show in- creases in number, average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, while the printing and pubhshing industry shows increases in all these particulars, except wage earners. Although the number of estabhshments in this group manufacturing cotton goods remained the same, their value of products and value added by manufacture decreased considerably. There were f oiir of these small estabhshments in the woolen and worsted industry in 1909, but none was reported for 1914. It should be borne in mind that a material increase or decrease in the value of products reported by any industry might affect the per cent distribution shown Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES^- RHODE ISLAND. 1379 in the table, even though the proportional increase or decrease in the output of each estabhshment was substantially the same as that in the output of the industry as a whole. For example, the output of an entire industry and of each estabhshment within that industry might increase by substantially 10 per cent during the five-year period. This being the case, an estabhshment which in 1909 turned out products valued at a trifle less than $1,000,000 would, for 1914, report products valued at more than $1,000,000, and therefore the proportion reported for the group com- prising the largest establishments would be greater in the later year than in the earher. Conversely, a uniform decrease in the output of all estabhshments in an industry would tend to reduce the proportion for the group comprising the largest estabhshments. Table 16 INDUSTRT AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. Bbead and other BAKEKY peoducts Less tMn S5,000 S5,000 to $20,000 »20,00Oto»100,0O0 $100,000 to $1,000,000. Cotton goods, including cot- ton SMALL WAKES Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over FOUNDBY AND MACHINE-SHOP PEODUCTS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Jeweley. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over^. PBINTDJO and PUBLISHING. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. Woolen and -woested goods . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $100,000'... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . NUMBER OF ESTABLISH MENTS. 1914 204 102 1909 187 47 100 106 182 291 70 116 58 162 ~80 45 30 7 80 141 17 47 43 30 4 296 ~58 66 108 64 Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 100.0 30.9 48.6 17.6 2.9 100.0 2.9 8.8 20.6 62.9 14.7 100.0 23.1 36.3 24.7 14.3 1.6 100.0 16.2 24.1 39.9 19.9 100.0 49.4 27.8 18. S 4.3 100,0 17.5 57.5 25.0 100.0 25.1 53.5 17.6 3.7 100.0 25.5 54.7 13.2 100.0 12.1 33.3 30.5 21.3 100.0 19.6 22.3 36.5 21.6 100.0 48.3 30.6 15.6 5.4 100.0 4.5 13.6 55.7 26.1 AVERAGE NUMBER OP VTAQE EABNEBS. 19U 1,112 52 297 408 355 29,483 51 701 12,906 15,820 10,728 63 372 1,097 4,800 4,396 8,778 1,515 68 193 493 761 22,745 549 7, 14,336 1909 1,055 331 28,786 6 62 970 15,294 12,466 10,937 20 261 1,036 4^812 9,611 234 602 3,225 5,450 1,454 78 218 377 781 24,924 375 7,651 16,890 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 4.7 26.7 36.7 31.9 100.0 (') 0.2 2.4 43.8 63.7 100.0 0.6 3.5 10.2 44.7 41.0 100.0 100.0 4.5 12.7 32.5 60.2 100.0 2.4 34.6 63.0 100.0 3.4 27.8 37.4 31.4 10O.0 (') 0.2 3.4 53.1 43.3 100.0 100.0 15.0 25.9 53.7 100.0 1.5 30.7 67.8 VALUE OP FBODUCTS. 1914 $4,016,959 210,333 975,627 1,412,387 1,418,612 49,718,837 5,: 96,418 1,260,272 21,746^493 26,610,416 19,373,113 113,714 680,063 2,202,444 8,915,127 7,461,765 5,988,396 14,659,793 4,293,489 60,888,755 1909 $3,936,864 151,596 1,000,645 1,478,007 1,306,616 50,312,597 8,900 52,851 1,464,968 25,640,252 23,145,626 20,611,693 40,866 478,459 2,062,782 9,417,048 8,612,538 20,685,100 682,709 21,143,714 39,062,332 3,780,075 170, 498 403,562 906,869 2,299,146 74,600,240 13,690 521,973 21,505,311 52,559,266 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 5.2 24.3 35.2 35.3 100.0 0.2 2.5 43.7 53.5 lOO.O 0.6 3.5 11.4 46.0 38.5 27.8 68.1 100.0 4.1 8.5 60.6 100.0 1.1 34.7 64.2 25.4 37.5 33.2 100.0 (>) 0.1 2.9 51.0 46.0 100.0 0.2 2.3 10.0 45.7 41.8 100.0 0.6 3.3 25.9 70.2 100.0 475 10.7 24.0 60.8 100.0 70.5 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $1,691,189 98,386 415,701 644,137 632,965 20,962,628 3,189 42,358 620,249 8,976,478 11,420,254 12,263,131 85,372 457,443 1,379,196 5,703,816 4,637,304 10,313,204 77,332 519,391 3,449,277 6,267,204 3,131,697 136,435 267,359 848,298 1,879,605 19,153,956 373, 140 6,568,640 12,212,176 1909 $1,466,306 60,147 393,871 521,732 490,556 24.911.358 5,413 31,387 622,177 12,531,368 11,721,013 12,598,192 31,279 323,116 1,209,731 6,579,126 5,454,940 10,897,063 109,090 480,447 3,313,363 6,994,163 2,716,400 134,733 303,444 677,176 1,601,047 23,574,864 9,292 238, 787 6,467,645 16,869,140 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 5.8 24.6 32.2 37.4 100.0 100.0 0.7 3.7 11.2 46.5 37.8 100.0 0.7 5.0 33.4 60.8 100.0 4.4 8.5 27.1 60.0 100.0 1.9 34.3 63, 100.0 4.1 35.6 33.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.0 11.2 100.0 To 27.4 71.5 ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' 'Includes the group "$5,000 to$20,000." Table 17 presents, for 1914, for aU industries com- bined in each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. It is impossible to show for every city the group of establishments reporting products valued at $1,000,000 and over without disclosing the operations of indi- vidual establishments; but among the four .cities for which this group is given the largest percentages of total value of products reported for it are shown by Pawtucket and Woonsocket — 52.4 per cent for each city. Providence, of course, leads in absolute numbers and values. The greatest proportion of value of prod- ucts — 3.2 per cent — for the group of smallest estab- hshments was reported by Newport. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1380 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 17 "S § u B r WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. i 1^ WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OP PBODirCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent Of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 45 8 9 13 15 39 3,077 100.0 $6,748,296 100.0 $2,964,490 100.0 236 16,713 100.0 42,028,728 100.0 17,124,822 100.0 Less than $5,000 I^ess than $5,000 9 95 243 2,730 2,218 0.3 3.1 7.9 88.7 100.0 22,454 123,055 668,609 5,934,178 6,706,138 0.3 1.8 9.9 87.9 100.0 13,731 49,314 308,418 2,593,027 2,935,725 0.5 1.7 10.4 87.5 100.0 47 78 63 47 10 1,207 56 378 1,171 7,766 7,343 4^,176 0.3 2.3 7.0 46.5 43.9 100.0 121,560 796,751 2,394,204 16,698,491 22,017,722 115,335,131 0.3 1.9 5.7 39.7 52.4 100.0 80,092 439,841 1,160,560 8,219,823 7,224,606 51,365,176 O.S 45 000 to S20 000 |5,000 to $20,000 2.6 $20,000 to »100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Cranston $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Providence Less than $5,000 6.8 48.0 42.2 100.0 11 8 7 13 24 14 29 76 2,099 4,666 0.6 1.3 3.4 94.6 100.0 21,312 69,426 291 031 6,324,369 7,972,387 0.3 1.0 4.3 94.3 100.0 15,525 39,504 89,787 2,790,909 3,513,000 0.5 1.3 3.1 95.1 100.0 $5,000 to $20 000 391 348 281 161 26 58 515 1,893 6,367 15,267 20,144 6,439 1.2 4.3 14.4 34.5 45.6 100.0 968,525 3,556,494 13,528,288 44,604,748 52,677,076 11,655,597 0.8 3.1 11.7 38.7 45.7 100.0 697,314 2,273,262 7,552,285 18,836,048 22,007,267 4,722,102 1.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Cumbekland $5 000 to $20,000 4 4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over.'. WARWICK 14.7 36.7 42.8 Less than $5,000 8 4 5 7 38 9 19 152 4,486 1,906 0.2 0.4 3.3 96.1 100.0 17,616 66,623 278,972 7,610,176 7,000,109 0.2 0.8 3.5 96.5 100.0 10,653 25,838 124,546 3,351,963 2,092,414 0.3 0.7 3.5 95.4 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' East Providence.. 15 13 9 17 4 157 8 57 167 3,176 3,032 10,962 0.1 0.9 2.6 49.3 47.1 100.0 36,639 131,515 335,622 5,715,533 5,437,288 28,115,187 0.3 1.1 2.9 49.0 46.6 100.0 19,356 66,859 185,904 2,115,352 2,334,631 11,058,782 0.4 $6,000 to $20,000 1.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $i;000,000 and over WOONSOCKET 3.9 44.8 49.4 13 15 3 7 15 3 6 6 89 12 51 105 1,738 2,602 0.6 2.7 6.5 91.2 100.0 27,828 146,271 162,320 6,663,690 5,485,354 0.4 2.1 2.3 95.2 100.0 19,489 77,828 93,769 1,901,338 2,504,926 0.9 3.7 4.5 90.9 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i 45 47 33 24 8 60 '208 729 5,032 4,933 0.5 1.9 6.7 45.9 45.0 106,096 462,159 1,717,283 11,097,530 14,733,119 0.4 67,676 1.6 262,680 6.li 807,964 39.6 4,216,757 52.4 5,703,705 0.6 $5,000 to $20,000 2.4 Lincoln $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 7.3 38 1 Less than $5,000 2 44 2,556 893 0.1 1.7 98.2 100.0 4,308 79,711 6,401,335 2,298,576 0.1 1.5 98.5 100.0 2,688 35,005 2,467,233 1,438,404 0.1 1.4 98.5 100.0 61.6 $5,000 to $100,000 » $100,000 and over 1 Newport Less than 15,000 28 40 18 3 35 164 208 486 3.9 18.4 23.3 54.4 72,457 366,589 647,666 1,211,965 3.2 15.9 28.2 62.7 50,871 243,476 326,220 817,837 3.5 16.9 22.7 66.9 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 15 of the more important industries, and for each of the 10 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909 similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Tables 18 and 19 show the extent to which estab- lishments of various sizes, as measured by the average number of wage earners, are engaged in the different industries of the state. Considering the total for all industries, there were 198 establishments in operation during 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. These are small estabhshments in which the work is done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employ a few wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earn- ers could be shown for the estabUshment. Bakeries and printing and publishing estabhshments are the > Includes the group "$20,000 to $100,000." industries in which the largest tiumber of these smaU estabhshments were reported. The comparatively small estabhshments still pre- dominate in the majority of the industries of the state. Of the 2,190 establishments reported for all industries, 1,410, or 64.4 per cent, employed on the average less than 20 wage earners during the year. On the other hand, while these small establishments predomiaate in number, they gave employment to only 7,392 wage earners, or 6.5 per cent of the total for all estabhshments. There were only 228 estab- hshments in the state that reported the employment of more thun 100 wage earners each, but these estab- lishments gave employment to 88,978, or 78.4 per cent of the total average nttmber of wage earners reported for all estabhshments. These large estab- lishments are shown especially for the manufacture of textiles, foundry and machine-shop products, and rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Among the cities the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by establish- ments employing more than 100 wage earners each are shown for Cvmiberland, 96.2, and Lincoln, 95.3. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. 1381 Table 18 INDUSTBY AND CITY. All industries Bread and other batery products Copper, tin and sheet-iron products Cotton goods, including cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Foundry and machine-shop products Hosiery and knit goods _ Jewehy Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including throwsters , Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Total for cities Central Falls Cranston cumbeblanb East PBOvroENCE Lincoln Newp®rt Pawtucket .~ Providence Warwick Woonsocket Estab- lish- ments. 2,190 204 62 102 47 13 182 23 291 53 46 162 6 12 80 1,907 255 1,207 58 157 Wage earners, (average number). 113,425 1,112 549 29,483 7,928 1,581 10,728 2,030 8,778 511 779 658 1,515 1,541 2,325 22,745 21, 162 93,642 3,077 2,218 4,666 1,906 2,602 16,713 44,176 6,439 10,952 No wage earners. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — Estab- lish- ments. 198 109 174 4 18 125 8 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 141 37 10 5 2 75 5 81 1 20 28 75 3 '473' 828 Wage earners. 308 105 35 20 5 205 15 258 1 43 64 181 5 "i,'i42' 2,099 9 19 11 25 6 58 87 525 15 73 136 228 ,380 29 166 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 454 2 4 185 15 3 2 1 1 22 65 270 11 31 5,005 376 170 115 133 18 543 63 188 86 385 32 42 1,913 4,542 166 48 22 20 10 218 576 3,052 105 325 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 221 23 143 Wage earners. 7,412 169 158 450 233 117 705 73 323 67 235 71 21 272 2,034 6,758 225 181 106 26 95 734 163 449 Table 18— Continued. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDUSTRY AND CITY, 51 to 100 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. to 1,000 wage earners. Over Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. - 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries . 133 9,643 113 18,629 72 25,802 27 18,537 16 26,010 Bread and other bakery products Copper, tin and sheet-iron products Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Dyeing and finishing textiles 259 1,068 306 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Foundry and machme-snop products Hosiery and knit goods . Jewelry. Liquors, malt Lumher and timber products . Marble and stone work Printing and publishing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Silk goods, including throwsters Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Total for cities. Central Falls Cranston Cumberland , East Providence.. Lincoln 112 742 268 2,245 241 117 173 331 165 132 1,267 2,329 116 2,733 1,694 225 1,333 1,380 1,906 196 108 268 383 8,620 1,726 681 .3,436 304 297 6,238 3,814 535 10,224 3,764 649 Newport Pawtucket... Providence.. Warwick Woonsocket. 83 4,812 3,475 13,573 59 568 6,759 3,411 20,782 1,305 1,567 2,311 2,118 14,946 14 7,282 4,740 22,938 750 316 500 525 141 652 731 2,184 6,904 840 1,413 390 361 4,648 6,404 2,311 4,723 1,110 1,948 3,265 2,898 5,015 1,578 1,746 4,271 12,631 1,079 1,702 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1382 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 19 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOTINQ SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PER cent of total AVERAGE NUMBER OP ■WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINQ specified NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 260 251 to 500 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1,000 All industries.. . 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2.1 1.7 4.4 4.5 6.5 6.4 8.5 8.9 16.4 17.2 22.8 22.7 16.3 16.6 22.9 21.9 Marble and stone work Printing and publishing. Eubber goods, not elsewhere specified. Silk goods, including throwsters. Woolen and worsted goods 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1809 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 9.7 9.2 11.9 12.4 13.1 18.5 25.4 26.2 10.2 3.3 15.5 14.5 4.6 9.4 0.9 2.7 1.2 1.2 9.6 8.9 7.2 26.3 21.8 9.6 10.7 11.6 6.7 16.9 5.6 4.7 11.0 11.4 8.5 40.7 68.9 25.3 37.4 21.2 19.1 16.4 15.6 14.5 Bread and other bakery prod- 27.7 26.1 19.1 17.8 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 1.9 1.1 0.7 0.1 2.9 2.1 0.2 0.2 5.5 10.6 33.8 38.8 31.0 26.8 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.9 1.1 0.4 5.1 3.4 3.1 1.8 10.7 11.2 "2." 7 24.1 22.1 15.2 19.8 28.8 32.4 1.5 1.7 2.9 2.7 7.4 3.3 6.6 6.2 "s.i 28.3 25.4 14.3 26.2 41.5 40.0 23.3 6.3 "23.'i 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.4 6.9 11.3 13.2 10.8 25.6 28.6 47.2 31.8 15.0 27.4 10.0 21.1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Dyeing and finishing textiles . . . Electrical machinery, appara- tus, and suppUes. Foundry and machine-shop products. 24.4 77.7 29.7 21.9 16.1 19.1 22.2 84.7 78.6 67.4 10.2 21.2 10.0 4.1 16.0 0.4 0.2 "«" 5.4 4.2 2.2 1.4 2.7 0.2 0.3 9.0 9.8 4.9 9.3 12.1 21.4 19.4 14.2 31.2 12.4 11.3 68.0 49.3 21.7 27.3 38.4 39.1 13.9 29.2 30.9 21.8 31.6 43.1 18.6 32.0 26.6 15.0 32.6 3.4 21.2 26.8 48.1 26.1 33.8 45.8 'ias 34.7 24.2 "i3."5 35.1 30.8 32.0 31.6 Total for cities 26.9 24 5 Central Falls 0.6 2.3 0.4 3.3 0.3 16.2 1.4 3.1 0.6 1.5 5.4 2.2 0.5 1.0 0.4 24.4 3.4 6.9 1.6 3.0 7.3 8.2 1.8 6.6 1.0 10.6 4.4 10.6 2.5 4.1 13.3 11.9 1.1 4.4 3.0 9.3 7.0 11.5 5.2 3.9 24.4 14.2 10.7 27.6 5.4 "ii'i 15.6 13.0 12.9 27.8 61.2 15.7 'is.'o 40.4 27.8 12.2 35.9 43.1 21.2 Cranston 7.4 5.4 Cumberland ■68.'2 74.9 69 8 Jewelry East Providence Lincoln 17.3 11.4 24.5 16.9 Providence 28 6 Lumber and timber products. . . WnmjsnnirTr.T 15 5 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Engines and Power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors, employed in generating power (includiug electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in' the establishments reporting. Table ZO NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. , POWJiK. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primarv Dower. total 6,310 3,674 1,463 269,864 228,740 182,608 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.481 1,099 114 268 4,829 4,829 1,500 1,104 100 296 2,174 2,174 1,463 1,095 63 305 235,312 199,170 2,493 33,649 34,542 31,572 2,970 210,049 176,332 3,300 31,417 16,091 13,697 2,994 172,829 142,351 1,247 29,231 9,779 6,119 3,600 87.2 73.8 0.9 12.5 12.8 11.7 1.1 92.0 77.3 1.5 13.9 7.4. 6.0 1.3 94.6 Steam erifeines and turbines * . . . 78.0 0.7 Water wheels turbines, and motors 16.0 5.4 Electric 3.4 Other 2.0 10,251 4,829 6,422 3,964 2,174 1,790 Ul,224 31,672 59,652 42,130 13 697 28,433 15,811 6,119 9,692 100.0 34.6 65.4 100.0 32.5 67.5 100.0 Rented 670 38.7 61.3 > Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Net reported. Although the horsepower of steam engines and turbines increased during the five-year period 1909- 1914 by 13.6 per cent, and duriag the ten-year period 1904-1914 by 39.9 per cent, the proportion which this class of power formed of the total decreasedfrom 78 per cent in 1904 to 77.3 per cent in 1909 and to 73.8 per cent in 1914. The number of these engines re- mained nearly the same from census to census. The horsepower of internal-combustion engines increased greatly between 1904 and 1909, but decreased during the following five years. Their number, however, in- creased from census to census. The power of water wheels, turbines, and motors increased during each five-year period, but their ntimber and the proportion The decreases in the relative importance of the three classes of owned power are accounted for largely by the rapid iacrease in rented electric power, which contributed 3.4 per cent of the total in 1904, 6 per cent in 1909, and 11.7 per cent in 1914. The iacrease in the power of motors run by current generated in the same establishments has also been very great. The total horsepower of electric motors in use was nearly six times as great in 1914 as in 1904. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined, and for selected which they represented of the total ^!ti^dilZQ£ia^.Mi£S^<^it^h.e state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. 1383 Table HI DfDUSTRT AND CITY. Antbra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). All industries. Bread and other bakery products Cotton goods, including cotton small wares , Dyeing and finishing textiles , Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Foundry and machine-shop products. Gas, illuminating and heating Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore Hosiery and knit goods , Iron and steel, steel works and rolling Tnilla , Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets Jewelry Liquors, malt Prmting and publishing 139,666 3,379 20,116 55,906 6,612 8,356 11,646 18 20 685 966 1,785 1, — Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 1,056,045 4,271 235, 174 198,251 12,189 38,805 109,341 1,045 6,521 25,246 3,126 5,534 27,891 2,— Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 54 8,615 773 81 21 20 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 29 1,707 1,512 1,026 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 113,335 4,281 854 8,832 19,426 19,860 1,009 104 492 26,406 124 7,494 INDU3TET AMD CIT!. Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Silk goods, including throwsters Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Total for cities Centkal Falls Cbanston Cumberland East Pbovedence Lincoln Newport Pawtucket Providence Warwick woonsocket 40 815 9,906 17,754 135, 148 Bitnmi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 18,724 9,512 225,938 131,808 836,214 12,453 36,265 44,181 53, 191 34,452 12,048 132,983 349,293 78,245 83,103 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 118 2,048 16,550 205 1,845 400 523 1,373 9,918 1,020 1,238 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 18,432 145,508 18 423 1,224 2,045 4,159 38,547 98,330 105 657 Gas (1,000 cubic leet). 2,285 22, 168 111,320 18, 170 4,114 459 154 4,301 9,012 73,846 1,264 SPECIAL STATISTICS. By means of special schedules the Census Bureau collects detailed data regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and the numbers and classes of taiachines used in manufacturing. Statistics of this character are here presented for five important industries. Data are also given for power laundries. Textiles. — The number and kind of the principal machines used in the textile industries, considered separately and as a group, are given in Table 22. Table 22 MACHINE. Cen- sus year. Total. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. Woolen and worsted goods. Ho- siery and knit goods. Silk goods, includ- ing throw- sters. Producing spindles Looms 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,927,949 2,831,816 2,489,016 66,972 81,093 63,830 1,864 1,069 1,170 218 309 367 522 4G1 294 2,400,916 2,363,689 2,085,802 53,676 69,330 54,021 504,213 459,127 379,374 10,251 9,252 8,103 4,040 1,280 4,364 1,864 1,669 1,170 13 4 7 18,780 7,720 19,476 3,045 2,511 1,706 Woolen cards (sets) 205 305 360 522 461 291 3 The total number of producing spindles shows an increase of 96,133, or 3.4 per cent, from 1909 to 1914; the number of knitting machines, an increase of 195, or 11.7 per cent; and the number of combing machines, an iacrease of 61, or 13.2 per cent. On the other hand, the number of looms decreased, by 14,121, or 17.4 per cent; and the sets of cards, by 91, or 29.4 per cent. Although the cotton mills reported nearly five times as many spindles in 1914 as the woolen and worsted miUs, the increase during the period 1909- 1914 in the latter — 45,086, or 9.8 per cent — ^was much greater than in the former, in which fi)/®C^®^3f7/5dj' 1.6 per cent. The knitting mLUs and Uie sUk miua also showed marked increases, which nearly offset their losses during the preceding five-year period. In addition to the number of cotton spindles reported .in connection with the census of manu- factures, statistics of the number employed in all branches of the textUe industry are reported monthly to the Census Bureau. The total number of cotton spindles in the state of Rhode Island in 1914, as com- piled from these monthly reports, was 2,574,942j and of these, 2,512,702 were active sometime during the" year ending August 31. The number of looms used in the cotton mills de- creased by 15,654, or 22.6 per cent, between 1909 and 1914; but the number used in the woolen and worsted miUs showed- an increase of 999, or 10.8 per cent, and in the sUk miUs an increase of 534, or 21.3 per cent. Woolen and worsted goods. — Estabhshments engaged primarily in the manufacture of worsted goods reported products to the value of $56,914,988 in 1914, as com- pared with $44,477,596 in 1904, while the products of those making woolen goods amounted to $3,973,767 in 1914 and $8,163,167 in 1904. Because of the suni- larity of materials and products these two industries are combiaed in the report. The worsted goods indus- try ranks first in 1914 among the manufacturing indus- tries of the state in cost of materials and in value of products. The quantity and cost of the materials reported for this industry, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, by kinds, are given in Table 23. Both foreign and domestic wool show decreases ia quantity and cost between 1909 and 1914, but for the former there were marked increases in both respects during the ten-year period 1904-1914, taken as a whole. ' For foreign wool the decreases in quantity and cost during the later five-year period amounted to 8.1 per cent and 28.4 per cent, respectively; and for ,V#(5lf@g0^^l, to 25.4 per cent and 34.2 per cent, respectively. 1384 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Of the total wool consumption in 1914, that of domestic origin represented 69.2 per cent of the quantity and 66.1 per cent of the cost, the correspond- ing percentages for 1909 being 73.5 and 67.9, re- spectively. The consumption of raw cotton between 1909 and 1914 increased 66.6 per cent in quantity and 46.2 per cent in cost, but that of purchased cotton yams de- creased during the same period 56.8 per cent in quan- tity and 48.7 per cent in cost. The consumption of the latter, however, is still much greater than that of the former. Table 23 1914 1909 1904 $41,734,799 $51,025,376 $35,936,232 Woo!: Foreign (in condition purchased)— 19,274,628 $5,227,316 43,352,801 $10,185,240 964,914 $141,648 1,720,113 $269,621 2,075,203 $471,491 10,221,069 $6,516,989 117,991 $77,572 14,907,573 $11, 422, 456 2,369,712 $784,833 72,637 $357,430 38,025 $173, 149 $1,178,516 $1,010,906 $3,917,632 20,973,869 $7,300,286 58, 108, 445 $16,468,437 579,139 $96,882 1,546,464 $259,829 2,578,085 $839,389- 10,406,834 $7,887,543 273,926 $143, 015 13,403,194 $11,987,111 5,479,701 $1,530,130 27,191 $150,824 18,^76 $71,649 $1,536,824 $906,926 $2,846,531 9,293,080 $3,103,045 56,776,005 $13,804,403 1,847,509 $290,491 4,273,269 $631,450 3,160,612 $880,816 4, 160, 072 Cost Domestic (in condition purcliased) — Pounds Cost ^ Cotton: Cost . . Recovered wool fiber: Pounds Cost Wool or other waste and noils: Pounds. . Cost Tops, purchased: Founds Cost $2,455,639 1,233,801 $715,529 10,382,578 $8,069,611 5,596,723 $1,391,592 80,339 $342,337 Yarns, purchased: Woolen- Cost Worsted- Pounds . . . - Cost Cotton- Pounds Cost Silk- Pounds Cost Spun silk- 57,119 $231,227 $1,108,222 $740,476 Cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost All other materials, cost $2,171,394 Table 24 gives statistics as to quantity and value of the several classes of products for the last three census years. The quantity of aU-wool woven goods reported, both woolen and worsted, amounted to 46,713,932 square yards in 1914, as against 53,661,591 in 1909 and 43,831,236 in 1904. The production in 1914, therefore, represented a decrease of 6,947,659 square yards during the later five-year period, although it exceeded the production of 1904 by 2,882,696 square yards. The decrease during the later five-year periojd was due entirely to the faUing off in the production of worsted coatings, overcoatings, and dress goods; the production of woolen coatings, overcoatings, and dress goods increased in quantity by 268,089 square yards, although it shows a slight decrease in value. The production of goods woven on cotton warps decreased in both quantity and value between 1909 and 1914; for worsted-filling coatings, dress goods, etc., the decline in quantity was from 15,641,716 square yards in the earlier year to 9,545,888 square yards in the later, or nearly 40 per cent, and tlDfflfrffeSfi/r^Ve was from $7,305,686 to $3,251,084, or considerably more than one-haK. Figures for wool-filling coatings, dress goods, etc., can not be given without disclosing individual operations and are, therefore, included in '.'all other" cotton-warp woven goods. Table 24 Products, total value . All-wool woven goods, whether woolen or worsted: Woolen cloth, tor men's wear- Square yards Value .'. Woolen overcoatings, etc.-:- Square yards Value Worsted coatings, etc., for men's wear — Square yards Value Worsted dress goods, cashmeres, buntings, etc. — Square yards Value All other — Square yards , Value Union or cotton-mixed woven goods: Unions, tweeds, etc. — Square yards.-. , Value , All other — Square yards Value -. Goods woven on cotton warps, etc.: Worsted filling, cassimeres, jeans, etc.— ' Square yards Value Worsted filling, dress goods, etc. — Square yards Value All other- Square yards Value Partly manufactured goods, for sale: Woolen yam, all wool — Pounds Value ■. Merino yam — Pounds Value Worsted yam and tops — Pounds Value Noils — Pounds Value Waste — Pounds Value Amount received for contract work . All other products, value 1914 $60, 888, 755 S, 163, 182 $3,106,099 41, 538, 522 $29,019,070 12,228 $7,794 349,216 $235,359 347,426 $194,459 9, 545, 888 $3,251,084 5, 308, 816 $1, 782, 482 763, 946 $391,831 1, 604, 059 $1, 055, 346 20,771,249 $18,652,542 3, 283, 790 $940, 435 5,177,162 $902,003 $678, 674 $671,577 1909 $74,600,240 4,716,866 $3,436,215 178,227 $120,488 30,517,666 $24,280,705 118,069.251 $8,096,724 179,581 $121, 728 1,831,640 $984, 481 164,500 $60,225 8,4,53,778 $5,030,340 7,187,938 $2,275,346 5,140,513 $2,303,847 661,234 $368,165 534,654 $225,317 24,285,265 $23,410,014 5,199,661 $1,819,094 7,106,426 $1,316,779 $366,622 $384,150 1904 $52, 649, 763 4,555,010 $2,654,026 692,199 $504,400 18,793,540 $16,802,666 18,276,957 $7,198,495 1,613,530 $1,067,971 3,708,784 $2,138,727 321,656 $142,590 6,772,247 $3,955,123 2,995,144 $936, 799 2,292,029 $870,381 1,339,608 $844,691 2,341,087 $1,150,011 13,222,913 $10,551,023 3,319,117 $1,240,806 5,837,000 $831,452 $138, 822 $1,622,880 The output of two of the five classes of partly man- ufactured goods for sale — namely, all-wool woolen yam and merino yam— showed great decreases in quantity and value between 1904 and 1909, followed by increases between 1909 and 1914. In both classes, however, the 1914 figures show decreases, as com- pared with those for 1904. On the other hand, for the remaining three " classes of this group — ^worsted yam and tops, noils, and waste — ^marked increases between 1904 and 1909 were followed by decreases during the next five-year period. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. — Although the total cost of materials constmied in these industries (including cotton lace) increased from 1909 to 1914, the output decreased considerably in quan- tity and slightly in value. The quantity and cost of materials used in 1914, 1909, and 1904 are given in Table 25. The consumption of cotton, both domestic and for- '"" industries in 1914 — 122,403,247 poxmds, MANUFACTURED— RHODE ISLAND. 1385 costing $17,813,655 — ^represented increases of 8.6 per cent in quantity and 17.4 per cent in cost, as com- pared with the figures for 1909, and 28.1 per cent in quantity and 47.9 per cent in cost, as compared ■with 1904. In 1914 domestic cotton represented 90.2 per cent of the total quantity and 86.2 per cent of the total cost of cotton consumed; for 1909 the corre- sponding percentages were 90.4 and 86.6, respectively; and for 1904, 93.6 and 91.5, respectively. The quan- tity of purchased cotton yam consumed shows very little change from census to census, but its cost in- creased 22.7 per cent from 1904 to 1909 and 4 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Table 35 1911 1909 1904 Materials, total coat $28,756,309 $25,401,239 $19,665,504 Cotton: Domestic — 110,357,913 $15,354,914 12,045,334 $2,458,741 13,262,085 $4,212,245 127,963 $517,166 360, 122 $311,485 1,543,501 $136,014 $144,189 $449,136 $1,168,986 $4,003,433 101,896,174 $13,138,735 10,860,853 $2,030,857 13,263,003 $4,051,301 516,323 $1,278,828 112,904 $115,502 29,195,998 $1,274,989 $116,461 $287,997 $1,045,147 $2,061,422 89,422,995 $11,021,798 6,125,640 $1,023,838 13,033,803 $3,303,127 m Foreign- Cost . . . Yams, purchased: Cotton- Cost Silk and spun-silk— Pounds Cost (■) Other— P0UTl Includes silk hose and half hose, s Figures not available. Although the total value of products increased dur- ing the five-year period 1909-1914 by $326,049, or 8.4 per cent, a decline in quantity appears for each class of products, with the exceptions of half hose and cot- ton shirts and drawers. The increase in half hose amoimted to 108.2 per cent in quantity and 105.9 per cent in value ; and that in cotton shirts and drawers, to 21.2 and 30.4 per cent, respectively. For hose, combination suits, and Jersey cloth and stockinette, decreases in quantity together with increases in value are shown. For " all other " shirts aiOW great decrease appears, the quantity and value of the output being only about one-eighth and one-fourth, respectively, as great in 1914 as in 1909. Decreases, though far less pronounced, appear also for boot and shoe linings. The value of "all other products" increased by 78.6 per cent during the five-year period. Printing and publishing. — Table 30 gives statistics as to the number and aggregate circulation of news- papers and periodicals per issue in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 30 PERIOD OP ISStTE. NUMBER op PUBLICATIONS. AGGREGATE CIRCUI.ATION PEE ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total 53 47 60 333,696 254,493 247,613 Daily and Sunday ' 14 3 22 a 14 14 3 21 »9 16 4 29 *11 194,316 4,447 48,928 86,005 191,670 5,810 34,013 23,000 180,464 Semiweekly .". 6,719 Weekly 39,542 20,888 All other ' Includes 2 Sunday papers in 1914 and 1909 and 3 in 1904. ' Includes 11 monthly publications, 1 quarterly, 1 semimonthly, and 1 bimonthly, ' Includes 8 monthly publications and 1 semimonthly. * Includes 10 monthly publications and 1 quarterly. Of the 12 dailies in 1914, 10, with an aggregate cir- culation of 125,466, were issued in the evening. The greatest gains shown are for "all other," which in- creased from 9, with an aggregate circulation- of 23,000, in 1909 to 14, with an aggregate circulation of 86,005, in 1914. This group included 11 monthly pubhcations in 1914, 8 in 1909, and 10 in 1904. The publications printed in foreign languages comprised 4 in French:— 1 daUy, 1 semiweekly, 1 weekly, and 1 monthly — 2 weekhes in Italian, and 1 weekly in German. The aggregate circulation of these foreign- language publications in 1914 was 53,500. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries in 1914 and 1909 are summarized in Table 31. These sta- tistics are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 31 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Bent and taxes (including internal revenue) . Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 1,402 70 140 1,192 1,829 $684, 194 $679, 735 $135, 280 $544,455 $1,974 $34,436 $230,604 $1,260,942 1909 53 1,211 70 65 1,076 1,368 $612,524 $523,045 $61, 761 $461,284 $916 $21,818 $iC8,443 $1,019,404 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. 1.5.8 10.8 33.7 11.7 30.0 119.0 13.0 115.5 57.8 45.5 23.7 ' Perceititages are omitted where base is less than 100. The rank of Ehode Island among the states in this industry in 1914 was thirtieth, as against twenty- fourth in 1909. Forty-one of the establishments in 1914 were owned by individuals, 7 by corporations, /|//itfliirffilSGet®ning 18 were under other forms of owner- MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. 1387 ship; the corresponding figures for 1909 were 28, 5, and 20, respectively. At both censuses the corpora- tion-owned laundries reported the largest amount of business, the receipts for work done in 1914 being $535,686, or 42.5 per cent of the total, and $401,499, or 39.4 per cent, in 1909. EstabHshments owned by individuals in 1914 reported $441,046, or 35 per cent of the total, and $388,068, or 38.1 per cent, in 1909. The receipts for establishments under aU other forms of ownership amounted to $284,210, or 22.5 per cent of the total, in 1914, and to $229,837, or 22.5 per cent, in 1909. Table 32 gives the number of wage earners employed in laundries on the 15th (or nearest representative day) of each month in 1914 and in 1909, together with the percentage which the number shown for each month forms of the maximum. Table 32 WAGE EARNERS. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 January 1,170 1,162 1,162 1,177 1,192 1,214 1,234 1,223 1,211 1,194 1,184 1,1S4 1,041 1,040 1,041 1,047 1,070 1,083 1,105 1,101 1,104 1,091 1,095 1,095 94.8 94.2 94.2 95.4 96.6 98.4 100.0 99.1 98.1 96.8 95.9 95.9 94 2 94.1 March. 94.2 April 94.8 May 96.8 98.0 July 100.0 99.6 Sei^emiaer 100.0 October 98.7 99.1 December 99.1 The largest number of wage earners was reported for July at each census. The maximum in 1914 was 1,234, as against 1,105 in 1909. The minimum for the later year — 1,162, or 94.2 per cent of the maximum — was reported for both February and March; and the mini- mum for 1909 — 1,040, or 94.1 per cent of the maxi- mum — is shown for February. The fluctuation of employment, therefore, was comparatively slight and was substantially the same at both censuses. Table 33 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the kind, num- ber, and horsepower of engines and motors used in the laundries of the state, together with the percent- ages of increase La horsepower during the five-year . period. Vable 33 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER". TOWER. ENGraES OR MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,! 1909- 1914. Primary power, total 77 57 1,829 1,368 33.7 62 '\ 15 15 64 62 2 3 3 1,716 1,711 5 113 83 30 1,275 1,252 23 93 20 73 34.6 Steam engines and turbines Internal-combustion engines 36.7 Electric tlier 72 15 57 44 3 41 215 83 132 65 20 45 Generated by establishments re- I Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 34 shows the kiad and quantity of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase where com- parative figures are given. Table 34 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914. Tons, 2,240 lbs Tons, 2,000 lbs 1,282 11,723 1,099 8,031 50 25 2,927 16 7 Bituminous coal 46 Coke Oil Barrels Gas 1,000 cubic feet 4,109 40. i Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1388 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. GENERAL TABLES. Table 35 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average nmnber of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabit- ants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 36 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, sta- tistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all indus- tries combined. Table 35.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value ofprod» ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,190 1,951 1,617 113,425 113,538 97,318 269,854 226,740 182,608 $59,366 65,234 43,113 $162,425 158, 192 112,872 $279,646 280,344 202,110 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore. Hosiery and knit goods. . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 15 15 10 23 17 215 73 82 77 2,030 1,774 1,721 247 270 225 1,802 1,628 1,565 S52 57 65 887 6,35 674 $2,960 4,171 3,987 2,405 2,444 2,271 $3,290' 4,442 4,261 Boxes and cartons, paper. 12 9 8 499 496 437 144 128 172 158 106 298 169 120 626 499 341 4,192 3,866 3,34& Brass, bronze, and cop- per products. Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 19 18 2 26 204 187 174 123 225 301 1,112 1,055 964 149 350 226 739 757 368 76 118 141 693 659 570 210 549 342 2,326 2,471 1,824 577 828 668 4,017 3,937 3,054 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and riv- ets, not made in steel works or rolling mills. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5 5 4 291 296 197 645 770 573 8,778 9,511 6,475 1,298 1,055 4,416 2,425 2,624 338 430 290 4,770 4,761 3,365 389 614 380 11,209 9,788 6,658 98S 1,341 908 21,622 20,685 14,432 Carriages, wagons, and repairs. 1914 1909 1904 47 40 31 271 238 228 487 387 180 152 140 181 163 117 509 422 371 Liquors, malt ^- 1914 1909 1904 8 9 7 511 450 406 3,266 2,055 2,031 472 384 330 1,699 1,188 723 3,91S 3,579 2,740 Confectionery 1914 1909 1904 20 20 12 268 131 83 259 166 115 54 35 5^2 258 107 880 448 226 Lumber and timber products. 1914 1909 1904 8 53 57 47 779 748 658 3,043 2,828 2,472 490 437 371 1,086 1,064 860 2,092 1,907 1,698 Coj>per, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 1904 3 62 41 J 21 649 377 314 221 179 159 341 218 165 666 452 381 1,304 932 736 Marble and stonework. . . 1914 1909 1904 46 46 23 658 660 758 1,841 1,754 1,316 453 451 520 286 249 278 955 1,033 1,040 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 1904 5102 106 99 29,483 28,786 24,758 110,289 95,278 75,607^ 13,785 11,797 8,890 28,756 25,401 19,666 49,719 50,313 34,573 Paper goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 9 10 10 9 329 302 236 1,424 984 173 140 92 941 902 691 1,491 1,363 873 Dyeing and finishing tex- tiles. 1914 1909 1904 47 45 37 7,928 7,792 7,562 25,539 21,179 3,966 3,616 3,182 8,764 6,319 3,639 16,301 13,956 9,981 Printing and publishing. 1914 1909 1904 10 162 147 140 1,615 1,454 1,432 2,587 1,944 939 1,044 956 787 1,162 1,064 816 4,293 3,780 3,070 Dyestuffs and extracts. . . 1914 1909 1904 7 10 8 91 87 70 729 689 294 52 82 41 512 632 327 793 928 513 Rubber goods, not else- where specified. 1914 1909 1904 6 5 9 1,541 774 991 3,350 1,075 0) 821 320 417 4,062 2,075 1,636 6,089 3,143 2,682 Electrical machinery; ap- paratus, and supplies. 1914 1909 1904 13 12 11 1,581 1,601 1,409 3,638 2,837 3,223 734 678 657 3,793 4,595 4,017 5,468 6,410 5,435 Silk goods, including throwsters. 1914 1909 1904 12 13 8 2,325 1,685 1,291 3,509 2,318 1,645 1,192 788 480 5,327 3,188 1,696 7,664 4,684 2,666 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 20 18 22 74 39 45 1,062 1,046 1,310 29 22 24 690 790 1,059 798 886 1,134 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 "23 21 16 265 214 186 490 428 357 155 122 105 4,989 2,794 2,384 5,470 3,166 2,657 1914 1909 1904 = 182 141 143 10,728 10,937 8,617 13,888 11,033 8,308 6,933 6,900 4,676 7,110 8,014 5,014 19,373 20,612 14,194 1914 1909 1904 12 9 8 167 168 192 461 402 85 70 69 929 939 585 1,539 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1,248 866 Fumishing goods,men's. 1914 1909 '10 9 650 684 1,561 617 312 311 763 895 1,277 1,549 Woolen and worsted goods. 1914 1909 1904 80 88 82 22,745 24,924 21,610 50,206 43,715 35,981 11,367 11,538 9,102 41,735 61,026 35,936 60,889 74,600 62,641 Gas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 1904 6 8 6 605 412 462 1,731 719 652 477 303 303 884 530 502 2,462 1,833 1,580 All other industries 1914 1909 1904 693 549 444 17,102 17,162 15,462 31,478 28,496 43,700 9,202 9,077 7,726 27,871 26,449 16,966 51,050 48,074 36,635 1 Figures not available. 2 Excludes statistics for one establislinient, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes *' stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified;' ' and " tinware, not elsewhere specified." 4 Excludes statistics for two estabUshments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. B Includes " cotton lace," 6 Includes "automobile repairing;' ' ''engines, steam, gas, and water;' ' "gas machines and gas and water meters;' ' "hardware;' ' "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere speci- fied;" "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel worliB or rolling mills." ' Includes "suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods." BIncludes "boxes, wooden packing;" "lumbw, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills;" and "window and door screens." 9 Includes ''cardboards, not made m paper mills." JO Includes " bookbinding and blank-book making," and " engraving, steel and copper plate, includiag plato printing.' ' n Includes "sausage." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 35.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1389 INDUSTRY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. PAWTITCKET-All industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 235 217 186 16,713 15,275 12,054 36,148 29,510 (') $8,564 7,255 5,100 $24,904 21,540 14, 112 $42,029 37,696 25,847 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 '39 27 ns 10 13 17 404 319 257 1,626 1,941 2,078 205 166 (') 4,759 6,166 $252 176 128 681 774 688 $532 395 347 1,559 1,392 1,539 $990 784 634 Bread and other bakery products. 20 16 11 116 95 86 63 64 (») 72 53 48 234 252 185 386 365 276 2,451 2,850 2,993 Cotton goods, including cotton small wares. 1914 1909 1904 2 26 23 20 7,396 7,045 5,526 17,085 16,524 W 3,443 3,039 2,143 7,677 7,567 5,627 13,461 14,338 10,099 Electrical machinery , ap- paratus, and supplies. 1914 1909 1904 8 6 6 578 378 272 578 564 (') 304 186 111 540 373 258 1,088 879 560 Poundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 3 21 20 <22 1,671 1,243 1,006 1,961 1,191 1,022 757 545 933 841 719 2,815 2,250 1,882 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 1904 8 98 85 80 6,649 7,708 6,548 8,113 7,208 (') 4,367 4,966 3,177 3,796 5,235 3,418 11,192 14,485 9,584 Hosiery and knit goods. . 1914 1909 1904 3 5 3 523 425 217 205 242 (') 205 141 65 682 710 429 1,107 980 559 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore. 1914 1909 1904 15 15 10 73 82 77 247 270 (') 52 57 55 2,960 4,171 3,987 3,290 4,442 4,261 1914 1909 1904 9 7 4 280 264 83 310 75 (') 177 84 26 257 199 32 557 385 115 1914 1909 1904 277 282 193 8,479 9,176 6,391 4,089 2,340 (') 4,585 4,651 3,339 10,943 9,634 6,626 20,934 20, 166 14,317 Lumber, planing -mi 11 products, not includ- ing planiiig mills con- nected with sawmills. Printing and pubhshing. Tobacco manufactures. . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7 8 3 n2 12 6 13 15 14 12 278 258 107 147 123 168 87 94 92 600 567 (') 202 186 (') 1 183 161 64 113 89 92 40 55 52 426 469 166 130 104 120 43 61 46 798 723 303 436 388 414 118 156 131 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3 4 4 913 17 16 i»109 90 84 212 193 167 266 348 307 1,150 1,104 999 1,091 858 (') 783 1,081 (■) 2,165 1,920 195 168 133 166 203 182 795 735 548 733 657 366 321 430 536 908 828 600 2,022 Lumber, p 1 a n 1 n g-mill products, not includ- mg planing mills con- nected with sawmills. Printing and pubhshing. 1,867 1,427 653 840 896 3,337 2,860 (■) 2,178 All other industries 1914 1909 1904 122 112 98 6,215 5,728 4,769 15,721 10,661 (') 3,309 2,876 2,065 14,522 11,337 6,788 22,351 18,111 12,068 Tobacco manufactures. . . 1914 1909 1904 20 38 16 118 122 71 2 6 (') 86 91 46 83 98 60 252 280 145 PKOVIDEITCE— All industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,207 1,080 881 44,176 46,381 39,804 65,041 56,410 24,482 24,449 19,555 63,970 64,770 49, 973 115,335 120,241 91,981 Woolen and worsted goods and wool hats. All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 18 20 15 488 385 321 8,792 10,614 10, 167 15,203 13,677 12,675 18,497 17, 936 (') 23,884 18,243 (') 4,537 4,878 4,219 8,001 7,102 6,487 13,961 20,439 16,307 26,098 19,400 14,656 20,847 29,926 23,102 45,371 38,004 29,509 Brass, bronze, and cop- ' per products. 13 11 <21 88 121 281 91 98 67 70 130 158 345 320 471 477 618 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 96 87 83 651 698 514 537 564 404 392 312 1,388 1,473 1,054 2,437 2,381 1,757 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Centsal Falls... Ceanston cumbeeland East Providence 1914 1909 1904 45 43 33 3,077 2,475 2,443 6,037 4,992 (') $1,486 1,021 965 $3,784 3,381 3,330 $6,748 6,471 5,091 1914 1909 1904 39 28 13 2,218 1,711 587 5,473 3,707 (■) 1,361 1,003 332 3,770 2,887 596 6,706 5,625 1,639 1914 1909 1904 24 29 19 4,666 5,359 4,574 15,337 15,112 2,371 2,231 1,778 4,459 4,618 3,107 7,972 9,827 5,965 1914 1909 1904 38 26 21 1.906 2,041 1,381 9,424 7,123 1,003 • 932 674 4,908 5,061 4,254 7,000 7,146 5,544 Newport. Warwick. WOONSOCKET. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 54 46 58 49 37 1.57 130 103 726 849 6,439 6,471 6,153 10,952 10,703 8,672 1,339 869 (') 24,576 22,041 35,707 23,571 (') $632 480 3,129 2,803 2,144 5,303 4,908 3,550 $860 570 556 6,933 5,394 3,848 17,056 16,762 10,579 $2,299 1,379 1,347 11,656 10,589 7,052 28,115 28,219 19,261 > Figures not available. ' Includes "cotton lace." ' Includes "hardware." ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making." ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "stamped and enameled ware," and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." > Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "gas machines and gas and water meters"; "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." " Includes "boxes, wooden packing," and "window and door screens." 10 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making," and "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1390 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKT AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAGE EAKNEES— DEC. 16, OB NEAB- EST BEPBESENTATIVE DAY— Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Belting, leather Boxes and cartons, paper Brass , bronze, and copper products . Bread and other bakery products- . . Brooms, from broom com Brushes Carpets, rag Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cheese Cleansing and polishing preparations. Confectionery and ice cream , Confectionery and chewing gum . Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tio, and sheet-iron work. Cordage and twine Cotton goods Cotton lace Cotton small wares Dyeing and finishing textiles Dyestuffs and extracts Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Enamelin;; Engraving and diesinking Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified Flavoring extracts Flour-mill and gristmill products — Foundry and machine-shop products . Foundries Boiler and machine shops Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Gas and electric fixtures Gas. illuminating and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore. Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Hair work Hand stamps Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods. Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets , not made in steel works or rolling mills. Jewelry Jewelry and instrument cases Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pickles and sauces 2,190 124,109 1,883 2,520 4,143 2,138 113,425 13 5 28 6 89 23 167 62 14 3 21 7 4 3 4 14 3 1 3 ""'i' 7 3 68 IS 132 38 4 12 19 204 8 10 25 566 160 1,527 28 107 1 9 17 231 7 13 3 19 10 28 1 6 1 24 5 75 1 15 5 81 19 499 123 1,112 20 86 2 3 47 3 3 66 20 46 35 349 5 4 555 355 200 3 47 3 3 75 18 67 2 16 2 6 3 9 25 271 2 1 394 268 126 16 13 3 44 40 4 26 16 10 6 53 5 65 9 28 28 481 148 25,803 1,452 3,016 4 61 5 21 "'ie' 1 12 3 73 28 34 23 382 134 25,267 1,357 2,869 15 5 221 20 52 ii 1 231 47 45 47 7 13 8,660 122 1,785 21 4 4 140 11 50 439 10 87 132 6 63 7,928 91 1,581 21 18 200 521 24 19 4 7 3 7 8 8 161 480 50 9 6 20 136 8 128 317 144 24 105 11,014 356 10,658 58 13 9 17 101 6 95 14 5 ....„ 355 10 345 10 8 1 6 523 13 510 2 1 1 5 216 2 214 233 117 13 74 9,819 325 9,494 4 15 4 6 7 15 40 168 32 685 35 123 5 14 5 ""s 12 2 6 "'26' 2 3 1 41 2 6 2 13 2 7 29 139 24 605 25 73 15 16 4 128 4 3 4 3 114 3 4 3 9 11 34 3 4 6 6 7 25 2 1 23 6 2,127 720 9 39 25 24 34 25 16 2,030 645 291 4 10,476 307 265 6 365 6 519 5 549 10 8,778 281 8 7 18 27 611 21 143 615 4 6 22 22 19 69 8 611 15 119 517 1 38 1 30 ""s 46 760 50 15 32 5 658 8 46 12 337 210 70 4 47 12 11 8 3 6 12 4 5 3 312 138 62 no 23 370 69 4 13 ^ 2 17 15 5 329 26 6 4 4 8 51 12 35 26 5 4 6 6 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 3 1 ...... 43 6 25 14 Mh 116,685 My jy Jy Je 96 17 142 60 Ja 22 Ja 522 De« 129 Se 1,131 De< 22 Mh 93 My n No Jy 32 293 2 1 437 302 171 Au 28 Ja 406 Oc 142 Ap 25.798 Mh 1,587 Ap 2,989 Fe No Ja Ja Je 8,328 111 1,845 200 516 Oc4 247 Oc 136 Je 16 Je 82 Ja 10,606 Ap 379 Ja 10,296 De* Je « Je Je 32 163 24 703 Ja Je h Ja< 80 124 27 Fe 2,218 Mh 723 Ja 9,388 Oc 338 Jy. Se P) 529 15 141 650 720 Mb 361 Jy 169 Au* 68 My< Ap* Je« De* De 340 27 19 De 108,261 Fe De< De No Jy< Jy Ap Ap 1,096 40 14 113 24 14 479 114 Fe Jy Fe De h) Ja Ja De 18 77 16 251 2 1 333 228 103 Mhi 21 My 363 No 122 No 24, 505 De 885 Au 2,779 De De Au Au 7,554 70 1,365 135 444 Ja 223 Jy 98 Jai 12 Fe^ 70 Oc 8,844 De 284 Oo 8,664 Au De Jy Je« Fe W De* De 1,894 Oc 595 Jy 8, 143 My 252 498 15 14 127 24 539 23 107 6 7 24 No Au De Fe 455 576 Jy 271 Ja< 120 My 46 De Mh Ja He* Mh Ap 305 20 11 3 16 7 (3) I 15 121 I 33 19 491 132 1,138 21 93 21 256 2 . 1 438 309 129 22 390 140 25,430 1,341 2,805 7,761 101 1,622 160 460 236 122 13 71 9,748 284 9,464 32 128 24 561 26 72 110 6 8 27 2,041 602 8,780 306 609 15 170 476 642 279 133 65 307 28 67 6 29 24 (') 68 15 121 29 19 166 125 1,059 20 26 17 264 2 1 237 115 122 22 390 86 13,363 620 1,202 6,176 100 1,094 126 323 199 75 10 67 9,650 276 9,276 4 116 19 521 25 72 110 2 8 17 386 579 5,899 101 609 13 167 475 642 10 130 54 237 20 (») (») 309 6 73 1 65 4 1 183 176 7 47 10 595 643 1,497 1,409 1 503 121 36 46 3 2 134 9 125 28 8 6 40 1,638 2,736 195 257 3 1 721 27 20 106 10 102 (') 7 751 61 43 1308,444,563 12 12 ' Owned power only. a Includes rented power, other than electric. » No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms ' Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 89,659 24,036 138,998 67, 119 90,432 354,530 310,982 1,425,448 15,576 68,975 16,799 444,638 4,105 2,450 958,799 673,777 285,022 29,177 486,207 226,373 68,741,060 3,122,216 6,152,568 22,749,622 486,955 5,136,460 260,405 236,667 137, 949 82,434 19,989 362,260 I 30,175,478 687,884 29,487,694 33,585 185,971 28,260 10,030,355 21,904 1,006,268 375,163 2,878 5,020 12,776 3J63,737 2; 364, 423 16,830,983 221,717 4,855,395 22,862 174,825 1,084,481 790,671 296,411 231,800 27,044 878,268 150,633 24,812 15,137 15,475 31,516 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. 1391 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Ofloials. Oerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.^ In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water, wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. t7i042,713 $6,212,976 159,366,292 $1,138,483 $1,227,624 $3,116,227 $158,543,080 $5,882,139 $279,545,873 $117,120,654 269,854 199,170 5,463 33,649 31,572 69,652 1 . 5,460 4,000 4,691 4,120 6,400 38,272 21,561 41,908 520 6,710 2,001 17,786 - 2,136 1,025 5,080 1,846 1,420 30,785 5,615 110,674 44,344 8,285 91,663 23,478 12,218 172,437 76, 112 693,040 8,711 37,795 13,600 179,676 1,200 620 192,420 115,108 77,312 12,914 265,346 52,165 U, 829, 890 689,336 1,265,342 3,965,884 52,319 733,845 88,635 231,661 125,330 57,717 6,804 28,737 6,269,382 185,862 6,083,520 10,388 98,794 13,552 477,342 15,458 52, 138 80,396 3,743 3,752 12,776 887,196 337,668 4,770,041 115,955 471,890 9,005 65,398 349,383 452,504 83,433 71,568 29,029 116,020 15,930 24,976 1,974 18,891 5,746 3,191 2,232 1,350 9,508 2,770 658 13,836 5,690 48,511 705 2,650 2,675 ■ 12,278 480 120 19,495 12,725 6,770 300 16, 608 2,400 9,570 10,991 12,178 65,588 4,991 4,793 12,271 5,852 14,738 5,696 1,326 1,093 79,378 572 175 1,038 363 506 2,983 2,404 16,813 65 344 93 3,584 9 7 8,788 6, 145 2,643 97 3,106 1,086 617,969 19,599 45,860 145,168 2,887 30,993 1,713 1,274 1,183 357 14 1,429 247,477 6,384 241,093 117' 1,385 165 112,997 .122 3,466 2,667 30 40 49 22,891 18,869 120,303 2,861 761,824 63 1,000 8,386 5,116 1,681 1,884 133 8,346 523 111 251 101 167 44,995 17, 715 77,994 54,857 59,033 292, 878 200,265 2,244,173 21,911 64,641 3,122 169,056 14,740 2,428 839,314 511,216. 328,098 44,812 463,072 175,069 24,505,961 800,125 2,281,237 7,839,174 496,341 3,695,241 197,079 115,051 17,405 96,328 30,530 683,739 5,727,542 120,265 5,607,277 27,705 96, 122 21,960 120,465 13,959 2,949,456 306,652 1,361 1,995 26,100 2,360,979 352,443 11,073,541 151,965 1,482,364 16,232 120,505^ 707,061 248,010 302,410 125,526 8,737 907,320 47,983 7,689 7,134 8,t)94 64,249 568 705 5,171 413 1,369 5,521 9,619 81,597 330 1,229 930 12,138 300 58 17,330 10, 291 7,039 25 5,409 3,964 1,031,838 31,216 105,932 925,129 15,843 97,829 3,887 6,407 3,063 2,144 477 6,335 347,865 '27,295 320,570 1,182 4,329 396 763,091 151 10,900 10,914 128,175 45,340 262,031 117,342 130,506 625, 754 576,617 4,016,959 45,395 137,901 36, 165 508,1901 21,619 5,900 1,462,654 880,078 582,576 68,167 969,472 278, 613 43,267,662 2,056,962 4,394,213 16,300,783 792,817 5,468,065 401,650 447,124 283,630 232,623 60,673 797,553 17,177,123 442,341 16,734,782 55,069 273,267 51,200 2,462,161 45,394 3,289,857 492,545 7,722 11,170 51,000 4,191,841 987,572 21,522,251 317,831 3,918,332 41,445 279,060 1,407,245 955,160 486,202 313,941 68,372 1,490,519 133,539 47,690 17.206 40,962 77,365 82,612 26,920 168,866 62,072 40,104 327,355 366,733 1,691,189 23,154 72,031 32,113 327,707 6,579 3,414 606,010 . 358, 571 247, 439 23,330 500,991 99,680 17, 729, 863 1,225,621 2,007,044 7,536,480 280,633 1,674,995 200,684 325,666 263,062 134,161 29,666 107,479 11,101,716 294,781 10,806,935 26,182 172,816 28,844 1,578,605 31,284 329,501 174,979 6,361 9,163 24,768 1,787,239 698,501 10,313,204 162,337 2,319,247 25,066 158,266 688,210 669,334 180,197 183, 750 59, 122 549, 197 84,249 37,861 9,890 32,203 22,120 47 6 118 4 88 144 149 739 21 34 35 487 3 2 528 259 269 20 22 2 24 5 4 94 4 8 98 84 433 13 19 15 285 3 25" 5' 298 i 2 2,066 475 4 5 80 40 39 296 58' 1,333 2,468 '"'26' 10 8 15 10 82 6 10 62 7 8 9 10 11 2,044 3,128 7,918 2,125 13 11 80' 80 2 27 39,984 26,130 13,854 156 32,276 6,600 760,536 76,980 132,784 450, 787 48,904 141,267 12,220 10,318 25,036 7,500 48, 893 40,590 8,303 616 22,061 1,710 293,224 101,822 73,392 536, 132 25,595 146,416 6,196 11,814 8,520 6,061 1,255 9,939 760,631 13,474 747,157 4,132 5,427 1,641 57,438 762 29,153 7,380 1,322 1,322 421 179 242 62 62 15 17 27 19 4,544 106 398 103,642 1,315 5,332 25,539 729 3,638 136 289 115 63 4 1,062 12,333 378 11,955 33 211 15 1,731 14 247 312 i06 33 4,910 625 328 1,119 40 440 58 21 102 63 4 153 5,701 238 6,463 23 143 15 161 14 44 'm'.hn 126 658 9,933 6 649 15 10 66' 4,035 150 3,885 '"'ere' '>n 153 75,265 420 4,200 22,554 689 3,090 65 225 30 134 260 51 » 25 182 23,333 120 753 1,841 «n 89,554 29,466 150 3,050 22 24 25 2,398 33 13 18 13 75 '"'25' 27 2S 2,256 2,000 30 2,700 810,510 30,554 779,956 1,840 8,230 60 33,312 1,333 31,979 180 8,779 260 5,770 140 5,630 10 60 25 722 624 140 33 34 35 79,378 646 5,867 2,240 722 140 36 '57 8 38 39 40 41 42 13 78,680 1,535 35 2,383 13,418 728 1,098 1,788 1,104 18,105 40,956 4,940 275 165 312 38 400 12 132 43,623 36,628 135,506 3,529 116,721 147 289 11,974 37,816 3,595 4,665 513 34,002 1,307 2,140 182 665 996 2 3 1,802 1,298 4,416 83 3,266 13 1,069 1,435 1,841 52 110 43 1,424 34 155 2 3 352 598 3,344 33 156 13 374 140 339 35 1,340 45 46 47 48 49 '1O 2,000 90,466 53,478 965,705 12,271 101,406 137,065 68,659 1,017,446 9,020 104 1,345 626 509 50 3,110 70 75 543 35 20 92,355 400 296,785 3,884 120 2,194 1,000 14,188 5,841 3,764 4,840 5,158 650 4,957 1,200 864 2,904 1,563 52 288 79,748 29,824 17,316 9,140 3,745 50,160 12,151 1,100 1,820 1,950 1,010 50O 29,123 39,147 7,105 7,035 735 9,255 11,578 874 620 1,715 901 10, 101 3,000 1,920 25 144 925 1,012 1,339 39' 835 150 34 238 29 7 '"'is' 6 5 3 110 i' 185 473 45 70 28 583 29 2 45 165 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 fM 590 648 8 19 8 19 4 Same number reported for one or more other months. DigMzec^W'^cFosm® ' Includes " cardboards, not made in paper mills." 1392 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS njDUSXKT AHB cri'Y. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAENEES— DEC.15, OE NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY— Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Pnnting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Signs and advertising novelties Silk goods, including throwsters Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Stamped and enameled ware, not elsewhere specified. Stencils and brands Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods. Tinware, not elsewhere specified Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl. • Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified Toys and games Wirework Wood, turned and carved. . Woolen and worsted goods.. All other industries* 100 1,238 105 66 73 64 930 47 870 22 55 215 49 629 8 20 693 139 2 13 45 7 178 15 34 10 434 94 19 6 38 1,718 7 3 22 22 110 5 45 1 1,541 12 13 13 32 103 109 11 16 14 1 8 4 2 2 5 ■■■3' 18 75 86 3 12 28 2,412 4 4 1 31 "'33' 2 19 21 2,325 10 12 3 231 236 22 18 4 1 6 13 1 17 47 ...... 1 190 167 19 4 5 21 175 8 3 13 161 8 10 3 6 640 1 8 3 7 , 621 6 3 171 14 5 4 8 7 1 3 148 9 43 19 289 243 47 23 2 9 9 .5 3 7 228 199 4 11 10 80 229 34 120 194 23,521 15,941 3 14 9 22 170 1 6 3 115 368 30 88 175 22,745 14,249 7 6 269 352 6 2 370 802 Ja 971 Oo 538 Oo Fe 444 96 Ap 1 2,011 Jy3 Ja' Mh 19 80 119 Se Fe 23 2,429 De JyS Ja = 194 169 35 Oc 13 180 Mh 686 Ja Je 164 13 Se Mh 243 229 De Au My Oc 46 107 190 23,466 Au 516 Au 422 No 3 92 1 881 De3 Jy» De Ja3 20 Ap 2,120 Je 164 De 162 Se^ 12 De 13 111 De 495 Ap Jas No Oc 135 7 217 176 Jas 27 Mn 76 Fe 163 De 21,231 929 535 440 94 1 1,559 17 76 72 20 2,266 193 167 31 13 126 495 145 228 182 45 87 167 23,024 652 484 401 1 1,178 17 76 72 191 129 18 11 125 226 113 6 185 176 16 78 154 11, 508 262 44 360 1,271 246 27 3 42 5 27 6 11 2 3 '664' 81 2 867 (1,655,612 2,456,187 2,251,348 184,809 20,030 5,284,168 21,228 170,724 118,044 8,104 6,321,467 562,005 698,837 23,021 10,673 217,118 1,067,603 155,667 14,020 176,653 266,399 23,879 270, 729 247,810 67,139,949 47,265,042 * All other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Aluminum ware 1 Ammunition 1 Artists' materials 2 Automobiles 1 Baking powders 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bookbinding and blank-book making 9 Boot and shoe findings 3 Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes 2 Boots and shoes, rubber 4 Boxes, wooden packing 7 Brick -^ 1 Butter 2 Buttons 2 Card cutting and designing 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cash registers and calculating ma- chines 2 Chemicals 3 Clocks 2 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 5 Coflee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Combs and hairpins, not made from > metal or rubber 1 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dental goods 1 Druggists' preparations 2 Emery and other abrasive wheels.... 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 6 Engraving, wood 2 Fertilizers 2 Files 4 Flags and banners 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 11 Fur goods 4 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters Glass Gold leaf and toil Haircloth Hardware Hat and cap materials Hats, fur-felt Hats, wool-felt Horseshoes House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Ice, manufactured 2 Instruments, professional and soien- tiflc 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 3 CITIES OP 50,b00 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. PAWTTJCKET— All industries. Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products. . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. . Cotton goods Dyeing and finishing textiles Foundry and machine-shop products. Hosiery and knit goods Jewelty : — Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 17,965 34 162 91 5,632 1,433 1,806 647 306 318 14 1 Owned power only. 180 16,713 26 116 71 6,453 1,308 1,671 523 280 278 Mh 17,108 Ja My " De Je Je Ja Oo Ja (') 31 119 78 5,703 1,358 1,760 647 302 308 De 16,238 Ap 23 Oc 113 My 3^ 65 Au 5,266 Oc 1,252 Oc 1,566 Fe De> m 256 247 16,883 29 116 75 6,499 1,278 1,721 527 278 261 9,597 6,458 29 109 76 2,311 995 1,692 76 185 260 334 494 7 2,728 263 15 423 90 1 207 16 14 3 1 263 4 '"'25' 2 $50,354,341 76,549 53,473 76,935 14,482,269 3,745,518 4,800,117 861,389 621,084 524,069 18,210 " Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES^RHODE ISLAND. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1393 Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract work. Eent and taxes- Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- In- Steam ternal com- Water wheels Elec- tric (rent- ed). in estab- Total. en- ginea.i bus- tion and mo- lish- ments en- tors.! report- gines.2 ing. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $204, 780 128,324 113,444 10,540 4,340 83,028 1,100 12,716 4,175 1,560 103,515 26,312 57, 420 390 16,392 37,807 14,304 6,000 11,566 18, 133 9,720 854,751 1,095,297 $117,952 210,410 173,943 15,289 21, 178 178, 577 1,200 3,116 3,557 1,376 93,198 25,310 67, 755 117 16,754 18,775 7,016 160 10,963 12,915 123 12, 181 2,908 601,551 1,161,367 $562,301 448,200 384,337 63,651 212 820, 796 11, 380 50, 168 61, 166 19, 421 1,191,969 105,201 85,200 5,253 8,970 123,271 302, 102 70, 144 3,202 140,444 122,529 54,708 93,453 11, 367, 502 7, 884, 778 $15,475 $57,268 46,859 28,953 4,180 2,097 22,970 5,117 40,582 866 35,450 3,376 4,876 5,953 15 1,620 290,794 1,090 7,311 200 2,358 285 1,628 2,172 300 10,000 6,850 2,151 4,281 720 4,784 10,022 260 1,222 910 9,714 4,518 106,645 164,939 600 217, 123 248,684 $11,749 48,275 46,941 1,251 83 49,394 134 1,191 971 33 43, 198 4,536 6,267 265 43 2,124 8,501 1,575 4,477 41,415 3,164 70 3,217 1,697 386, 592 363,846 $621,625 467,148 420,196 39,701 7,251 3,974,277 19,168 826, 242 40, 668 9,114 5, 271, 156 4, 148, 751 912,358 3,688 5,625 277, 255 721,448 191, 452 11,435 136,815 48, 765 59, 627 83,542 40, 723, 893 25, 128, 514 $20, 635 29,796 27,535 2,261 88,132 277 4,996 2,208 154 55,438 9,247 16,545 400 131 5,409 12,642 1,899 ! 106 1,220 4,716 120 4, 205 4,384 1,010,906 658, 527 $2, 006, 139 2,183,284 1,882,932 199,930 100, 422 6,088,988 51,983 972,957 158,774 42,373 7,664,472 4, 497, 456 1, 539, 069 12,218 24,223 514,998 1,222,132 322,581 24,083 411,987 275, 409 20,539 234, 547 219,035 60, 888, 755 46,025,664 $1, 363, 1,686, 1, 435, 157, 93, 2,026, 32, 141, 115, 33, 2,337, 339, 610, 8, 18, 232, 488,042 129,230 12,542 273,952 221,928 13, 450 170,815 131, 109 19,153,956 20,238,623 696 1,852 1,767 85 3,350 2 154 5 3,509 336 461 22 3 290 1,528 177 3 100 410 50,206 29, 579 977 965 12 2,810 2,676 165 250 75 273 42, 152 23,844 300 30 40 35 1,113 1,187 400 'i25 100 20 4,980 683 675 845 787 58 240 2 98 119 5 404 168 "22' 1 275 1,138 15 3 117 3 100 114 1,961 3,835 2,378 1,210 '"'26' 60 10, 875 6,623 Iron and steel forgihgs 2 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and wrought, including wire nails 1 Ivory, shell, and bdhe work, not in- cluding combs and hairpins 5 Japanning 1 Labels and ta^ 2 Lamps and reflectors 1 Lapidary work 1 Ldid, bar, pipe, and sheet 2 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 4 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished ; 2 Lime ; 1 Lubricating greases 2 Uattresses and spring beds 6 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mucilage and paste 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 1 Musical instruments, organ materials. 1 Needles, pins, and hoolS and eyes 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 2 Oleomargarine 4 Optical goods 3 Paints 4 Paper and wood pulp 1 Pencils, lead.. L 1 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 3 Eegalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Screws, machine 1 Screws, wood 2 Sewing machines and attachments ... 1 Shipbuilding, iron emd steel 2 Shirts 2 Show cases 2 Silversmithing and silverware 10 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus 3 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and ranges 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Surgical appliances 2 Trunks and valises 2 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Varnishes 2 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Vinegar and cider 2 Washing machines and clothes wring- ers.., 1 . Waste 2 Window and door screens 1 Wne 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Wool shoddy 3 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,039,351 $795,249 $8,564,309 $180,178 $77,607 $470,914 $24,078,645 $825,261 $42,028,728 $17,124,822 36,148 28,741 18,093 6,661 7,240 3,455 183,682 102,359 128,115 61,225 25,745 35,719 1,092 3,329 4,048 92,177 82,323 99,305 14,254 16,368 19,228 14,077 71,948 50,438 2,552,322 676,755 1,021,521 204,690 177,384 183,367 400 4,134 3,050 10,686 276 5,732 3,163 2,500 11, 562 404 5,849 10,568 736 1,236 276 123,559 26,051 33,624 6,033 4,293 4,067 42,923 228,078 86,258 6,133,434 1,550,776 875,501 • 674,955 248,835 420,431 6,200 50 156 6,802 ' Same number reported for 1 or more other months. 82101°— 18^88 2,833 5,669 519 197,242 142, 137 57,645 7,051 8,484 6,574 506 90,775 386,404 177,601 10,560,754 2,901,751 2,815,444 1,106,959 567,252 798,419 45,019 152,657 90,824 4,230,078 1,208,838 424,953 299,933 372,414 63 15,396 3,181 1,961 205 310 600 13,940 2,875 757 125 75 335 20 33 122 175 150 40 25,299 17,991 21 * Same number reported throughout the year. 266 1,136 80 93 90 21 12,861 513 242 1 304 U Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1394 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOE CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS DJDUSTBT AMD CCSn. Num- ber oJ estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED iN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE E AKNEES— DEC. IB, OB NBAB- EST KEPBESENTATIVE DAT- Capital. Total. Pro- pne- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. PAWTITCKET — Continued . Mineral and soda waters Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Prmtmg and publishing, job work only. Tobacco manufactures All other industries * 3 5 8 15 104 13 98 74 112 7,325 131 4 256 2 115 10 80 66 87 6,746 (3) 10 No 84 De 71 Jy' 92 Ja Fo 6,856 10 79 40 70 3,658 17 19 2,895 210 (7,650 314,196 115,335 24,687,659 * All other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Belting, leather 1 Bookbmdingandblank-bookmaking. 1 Boxes and cartons, paper : 2 Brooms, from broom com 3 Brushes 5 Cardboard, not made in paper mills.. 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriages and wagons 3 Cleansing preparations 1 Clocks 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding. 1 Confectionery and ice cream 6 Cooperage 3 Cordage and twine 1 Cotton lace 4 Cotton small wares 11 Dyestuffs and extracts 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specitled 4 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Furniture, store, and office fixtures . . 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 3 Horseshoes 1 PROVIDENCE— All industries 1,207 | 50,257 1,096 Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . . Brooms, from broom corn Brushes Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, women's Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods, including cotton small Dyeing and finishing textiles Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Gas and electric fixtures Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore. Hand stamps Hosiery and knit goods Jewelry Liquors, malt Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work , Mineral and soda waters Photo-engraving. Printing and publishing, book andjob Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Saddlery and harness 15 4 7 277 3 13 115 442 114 885 11 28 186 32 171 78 336 1,681 1,6 666 200 6,431 99 32 35 123 11 853 10, 140 307 552 1,356 2,269 1,360 44,176 Ja 46,020 De 40,852 44,451 31,195 12,148 517 4 3 253 2 2 11 6 18 15 12 356 14 294 1 1 16 14 509 35 20 160 138 3 2 2 543 5 651 8 21 152 23 195 136 59 1,540 576 161 5,715 25 73 7 816 ;,479 212 256 776 325 My Oc Oe No 8 Mh Ap< Ap4 I? De Ja Ap Ja Ja Ja Oc Ja le 75 665 8 24 163 25 213 148 83 289 1,728 1,638 654 200 6,203 102 24 28 80 7 861 9,073 216 279 Oc ly De* Ja Oc 816 331 14 Ja< 15 68 Ja < 71 Au 135 Oc 5,113 Jy 69 s 24 Jy 23 le* 69 3 7 Mh« 783 Jy 7,835 Fe 207 De 217 Da De Mh Au Au No* jy 735 318 52 77 390 95 676 9 23 144 24 204 155 49 271 1,535 1,484 588 150 5,733 78 24 25 72 786 8,490 214 231 776 328 52 77 136 10 143 101 64 47 271 703 1,216 424 126 6,624 72 19 25 72 214 230 63 47 28 536 321 13 66 241 5 51 790 240 167 622 2,660 225 3 18 6 101 591 24 $119,672,709 49,989 91,639 276,144 216,494 924,867 1,929 20,206 199,646 6,950 308,321 124,813 183,508 343,522 2,818,424 5,699,731 1,375,493 260,405 18,625,346 140,277 28,260 21,904 1,006,268 5,020 1,137,316 16,261,534 2,262,828 602,316 51,720 85,139 15,476 1,313,902 1,834,068 11,316 147,278 1 Owned power only. » Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1395 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of lactory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. S28,180 6,996 450,074 15,693 3,655 3,790 449,997 $6,215 51,639 32,604 40,127 3,475,022 S590 3,142 250 157,522 $200 3,020 1,302 30,387 $30 2,241 409 11,507 256,696 $3,309 303,742 41,363 42,469 13,419,769 $320 18,696 1,544 412 376,629 $14,380 474,598 117,868 117,958 21,883,266 $10,751 152,160 74,961 75,077 8 684 49 1 13,630 8 200 6 14 478 35 1 2,387 ■"4,'i72' 10,420 100 723 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 2 Labels and tags 1 LeaUier, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Liquors, malt 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Millinery and lace goods, embroideries 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 3 Patent medicines and compounds 1 Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals 3 Screws, machine 1 SUk goods, including throwsters 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 4 Soap .■ . . . 1 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stamped ware, not elsewhere specified 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified 2 Toysandgames 2 Waste 1 Wire X Wirework 2 Wood, turned and carved 2 Worsted goods 3 $3,626,968 $3,491,336 $24,482,138 $207,503 $839,817 $1,466,173 $61,750,967 $2,218,988 ;$115,3351,31 $51,365,176 65,041 48,741 2,689 13,352 15,976 3,120 2,913 26,032 15,000 28,184 1,040 8,282 1,936 25,174 11.320 13;, 854 28,321 58,230 63,405 12,220 449,309 8,230 40,956 40,545 986,061 56,676 42,845 2,200 1,950 185,984 94,795 2,136 3,520 27,635 4,523 88,342 624 5,980 17,953 12,870 5,083 14,329 31^808 68,057 68,751 6,196 389,094 2,421 1,641 29,153 42,726 947,753 52,449 17,247 12,716 2,309 1,715 110,741 152,139 1,200 35,607 59,900 136,264 67,229 404,124 4,310 9,183 99,930 8,724 90,903 51,150 39,753 190,375 681,213 791,076 303,761 88,635 3,750,017 47,628 13,652 15,458 52,138 3,752 •384,397 4,585,388 195,176 165,605 28,534 24,927 18,891 468,102 297,633 8,534 46,128 3,191 2,006 1,333 2,468 1,125 1,322 1,322 4(018 4,263 5,641 315 275 400 91,951 3,000 10,975 37,260 622 5,437 10, 118 5,162 26,281 555 456 9,145 1,134 10, 367 8,031 2,336 10,365 7,351 3,520 4,373 12,271 46,401 2,931 2,240 2,383 13,418 1,788 11,705 290,160 8,650 1,759 2,106 2,904 51,698 21,354 2,694 4,776 331' 670 2,450 1,488 12,819 3 77 1,651 93 3,020 1,312 1,708 2,507 30,210 48,818 9,790 1,713 173,846 1,164 165 122 3,466 40 10,144 115,398 5,663 502 856 101 9,521 72 1,025 34,933 47,462 234,181 151,515 1,336,672 9,750 16,712 85,602 10,327 519,928 289,925 230,003 343,486 1,464,406 2,144,391 506,546 197,079 2,662,622 51,797 21,960 13,959 2,949,456 1,995 767,854 10,816,171 677, 191 318,001 15,097 53,640 8,094 522, 144 326,141 10,878 772,006 91 2,897 3,170 6,074 50,923 127 517 6,998 30 7,581 3,862 3,729 4,450 94,161 169,473 33,456 3,887 169,857 3,551 396 151 10,900 12 .16,807 126,402 65,953 3,244 2,078 1,650 665 16,359 21,069 205 4,446 99,007 161,879 499,458 471,013 2,437,061 21,700 37,365 266,931 25,920 790,887 415,295 375,592 695,969 2, 451^133 3,641,006 1,088,132 401,650 9,177,132 135,375 61,200 45,394 3,289,857 11, 170 1,566,183 20,933,990 2,021,596 653,320 59,003 121,446 40,962 1,679,829 1,566,143 31,629 902,617 63,983 111,520 262, 107 313,424 1,049,466 11,823 20, 136 174,331 15,563 263,378 121,518 141,860 348,033 892,566 1,327,142 548, 130 200,684 6,344,653 80,027 28,844 31,284 329,501 9,163 781, 522 9,991,417 1,288,452 332,075 41,828 66, 156 32,203 1,141,326 1,218,933 20,546 126,065 14 72 123 91 537 6 17 159 13 166 104 4,759 5,251 578 136 6,679 199 15 14 247 2 648 4,089 1,091 783 105 587 1,555 2 122 4,600 4,579 525 65 4,475 60 550 434 935 727 65 900 26 13 599 8 35 421 10 18 25 12 53 83 30 247 6 10 117 6 189 23 166 104 45 667 36 58 1,605 131 15 14 44 2 63 3,234 156 46 22 38 8 582 655 2 85 1,485 494 15 3,789 260 35 835 > Same number reported throughout the year. < Same number reported for 1 or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1396 MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. Table 36.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. / Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS— DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATrVE DAY— Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contmued. 1 PROVIDENCE-Continued. 20 15 18 330 145 193 8,990 14, 124 20 18 3 287 2 7 75 383 5 5 92 803 ■■'s' 28 376 118 158 8,792 12,275 Se Mh My 132 177 9,600 Ja Oo De 108 145 7,618 113 145 8,975 12,510 93 139 4,400 9,415 20 6 4,006 2,917 $98,531 162,618 !!0,899,996 42,383,149 2 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified Woolen and worsted goods and wool hats ^ 1 226 70 343 108 4 All other industries * * All other industries embrace: Aeroplanes and parts 1 Artists' materials 1 Automobile bodies and parts 3 Automobiles 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Baldng powders 1 Belting, leather 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 2 Bookbinding 'and blank-book mak- ing 7 Boot and shoe findings 3 Boots and shoes, not mcluding rubber boots and shoes 1 Boots and shoes, rubber 1 Buttons 2 Card cutting and designing., 2 Carpets, rag 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cash rtgisters and calculating ma- chines 2 Cheese 2 Chemicals 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clocks 1 Clothing, men's 2 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels .... 1 Dental goods 1 Druggists' preparations 2 Dyestuffs and extracts 1 Emery and other abrasive wheels 1 Enameling 17 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving and diesinking 49 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 4 Engraving, wood 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 8 FUes 4 Flagsand banners 1 Flavoring extracts 4 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 5 Fur goods 4 I'urnishing goods, men's 1 Gas, illummattng and heating 2 Gas machines and gas and water meters 1 Gold, leaf and foil 3 Hair work l Hardware 2 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 3 Hats, fur-felt '. 1 Houso-furnlshing goods 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets '. 1 Iron and steel forgings 2 Iron and steel, nails and spikes 1 Ivory, shell, and bone work, not in- cluding combs and hairpins 5 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Central Falls... Cranston Cumberland East Providence Lincoln Newport Warwick woonsocket 45 3,332 29 78 92 66 3,077 39 2,526 29 82 153 44 2,218 24 4,800 14 31 66 23 4,666 38 2,127 29 36 132 24 1,906 15 2,881 10 17 196 56 2,602 89 1,134 96 il« 69 48 893 68 6,686 40 78 99 30 6,439 157 11,623 131 168 253 119 10,952 Ja 3,396 Mb 2,424 4,772 Mh 2,020 .Ta 2,792 Mr 1,066 My 6,626 Fe 11,345 No 2,785 No 2,022 Au 4,442 De 1,785 Au 2,434 De 765 No 6,085 Jy 9,998 2,990 1,499 1,310 55 126 2,278 2,079 176 14 9 4,630 2,613 1,740 134 -143 1,813 1,595 190 21 7 2,536 1,815 650 29 42 987 861 116 3 7 6,646 4,266 2,101 137 142 11,133 6,199 4,430 248 256 $7,634,861 6,723,964 15,969,941 7,089,143 6,965,282 1,870,536 15,407,180 28,679,811 I Owned power only. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— RHODE ISLAND. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 58,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1397 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ' ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $6,000 9,992 2.'i8,599 1,081,155 $5,731 10,092 130,814 1,251,467 $86, 224 99,642 4,537,189 6,691,989 $1,222 750 33,590 $2,981 7,672 22,686 232,354 $27,438 1,087 173,406 395,740 $81,897 37,420 13,656,773 20,982,881 $762 ■ 3,661 394,447 1,002,538 $251,818 226,913 20,846,996 38,633,547 $169,159 185,832 6,895,776 16,648,128 2 114 ^18,497 18,120 2 82 608 4,307 3,857 4,384 25 17,655 12,516 7 "i,'272' 234 25 1 Jewelry and instrument cases 3 Laliips 1 Lapidary work 1 Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 2 Leather goods.not elsewhere specified. 3 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Looking-^lass and picture frames 5 Lnbricatmg greases 2 Mattresses and spring bteds 5 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 9 Mucilaee and paste 1 . Musical instruments and materials, not specified ,. 1 Musical instruments, organ materials 1 Needles, pins, and hooks and eyes 1 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Oil, not elsewhere specified 2 Oleomargarine 4 Optical goods 3 Paints 3 Paper goods^ not elsewhere specified. . 1 Patent medicines and compounds 20 Pencils, lead 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 6 Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 2 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. 4 Screws, wood 2 Sewing machines and attachments ... 1 Shirts 1 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Silk goods, including throwsters." 2 Sil versmithing and silverware 10 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Soap 5 Sporting and athletic goods 1 Stamped and enameled ware 2 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam littings and steam and hot- water beating apparatus 1 Stencils and brands ; 4 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Stoves and ranges 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 5 Surgical appliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 3 Toys and games 2 Trunks and valises 2 Varnishes 1 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wirework 7 Wood, turned and carved 4 Wool shoddy 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $198,064 212,009 169,056 95,811 n,400 55,789 198, 159 496,195 $162,624 186, 621 71,900 146,659 240,781 62,600 102,269 435,804 $1,485,735 1,361,437 2,371,241 1,003,250 1,273,310 632, 349 3, 128, 767 6,302,923 $79,165 178 162, 728 141 242,114 9,178 33,479 $23, 100 18, 371 1,875 6,605 53,463 48,661 7,186 39,548 $49,627 343,279 101,303 44,116 36, 138 17,826 91,995 231,553 $3,649,071 3,578,043 4,287,025 4,677,706 2,733,299 785, 749 6,595,278 16,578,488 $134, 735 192,370 172,362 229,989 247,129 74,423 338,217 477,917 $6,748,296 6, 706, 138 7,972,387 7,000,109 6,485,364 2,298,576 11,665,597 28, 115, 187 $2,964,490 ■2,936,726 3,613,000 2,092,414 2,504,926 1,438,404 4, 722, 102 11, 058, 782 6,037 5,473 15,337 9,424 10,282 1,339 24,676 35, 707 2,910 3,665 11,792 9,286 8,685 669 17,212 22, 734 38 1 106 49 115 272 23 071 235 3,192 1,450 6,787 7,621 2,854 1,807 248 132 397 654 4,481 200 859 367 4,822 5,344 2,617 4,207 8 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® / Digitized by IVIicrosoft® SOUTH CAROLINA. By F. M. Woodward. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — South Carolina is one of the original thirteen states. With a gross area of 30,989 square miles, of which 30,495 represent land surface, it ranks thirty-ninth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,340,316, and in 1910, 1,515,400; and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,590,000. In total poptilation South Carolina ranked twenty-sixth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked sixteenth, with 49.7 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 44. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in incorporated places of 2,500 or more — was 224,832, or 14.8 per cent of the total, as against 12.8 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 five cities, each with an estimated population of more than 10,000^ — Anderson, ilharlest^n, Columbia, Greenville, and Spartanburg. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 9 per cent of the estimated total population of South Carolina, reported 15.7 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 3,687, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 184. Agriculture is the leading industry. The total value of farm crops grown in 1909 was $141,983,354, of which $96,381,067, or more than two-thirds, was con- tributed by cotton and cotton seed. The state's pro- duction of cotton from the crop of 1914 was 1,533,810 bales of 500 poimds each, or 9.5 per cent of the total yield in the United States. The value of merchandise exported through the South Carohna customs district in the fiscal year 1914 was $20,829,302, and that of merchandise imported was $5,548,191. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The man- ufacttired products of South Carolina in 1914 were valued at $138,891,202 and its factories gave employ- ment on the average during the year to 71,914 wage earners. At times larger numbers were employed, the maximum number — 77,256 — being reported for March. The state ranked thirty-first in the value of products and twenty-fifth in the mmiber of wage earners employed in manufactures. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to aU classes of manufactures combined, in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase. MANUTACTCrsING INI>X7STEIES. 1914 1909 1904 1899 PEE CENT OP INCBEASE.I 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1899-1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital.. Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid lor contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Vfklue added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) 1,885 77,693 1,815 3,964 71,914 340,224 4203,210,875 29,051,568 4,878,467 24,173,101 192, 410 1,463,958 91.008,996 138,891,202 47,882,206 1,854 78,040 1,737 3,257 73,046 276,378 1173,220,870 ' 24,117,038 3,756,288 20,360,750 420,768 1, 107, 856 66,350,874 113,235,945 46,885,071 1,399 63,071 1,241 2,389 59,441 197,479 $113,422,224 16,223,952 2,355,002 13,868,950 159,690 8 616,766 49,968,626 79,376,262 29,407,636 tl 1,3 1,419 47,025 112,697 $82,750,027 10,437,838 1,307,569 9,130,269 S 30,485,861 53,335,811 22,849,950 1.7 -0.4 4.5 21.7 -1.5 23.1 17.3 20.5 29.9 18.7 -54.3 32.1 37.2 22.7 2.1 32.5 23.7 40.0 36.3 22.9 40.0 62.7 48.6 69.5 46.8 163.5 2.2 68.4 26.4 75.2 80.8 65.4 80.1 51.9 32.8 42.7 59.4 63.9 48.8 28.7 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. There was a material increase in the manufactures of the state during the 15 years covered by Table 1. The increase, however, was more pronounced during the five-year periods ending with 1904 and 1909 than during the period ending with 1914. There was a de- crease of 1,132, or 1.5 per cent, ia the average number of wage earners employed in 1914 as compared with the number reported for 1909. This decrease was due primarily to the decrease in the number employed in the lumber nulls of the state and was accompanied by a decrease in the value of products apd- nth^ featii shown for the industry ia Table 30. The decrease of 54.3 per cent, shown for the amount paid for contract work, is no indication of a depression in any industry of the state, because the expenditure for such work depends upon the methods followed in carrying on the various industries and not on the magnitude of the operations. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the lead- ing manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods a914. (1399) 1400 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. Table 2 All industries.. Cotton goods Oil, cottonseed, and cake Fertilizers Lumter and timber products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies , Printing and publishing Mineral and soda waters Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured Bread and other bakery products Hosiery and knit goods Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Gas, illuminating and heating Flour-mill and gristmill products Marble and stone work Canning and preserving Confectionery Clothing, men's Food preparations, not elsewhere specified Paving materials Turpentine and rosin Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work All other industries : CENSUS OP 1914. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. 1,885 148 97 55 793 166 113 40 36 66 36 18 12 37 37 16 22 4 5 5 35 9 120 Wage earners. Average num- ber. 71,914 46,448 2,037 2,050 11,308 391 515 368 771 706 209 136 30 283 464 85 116 16 245 221 71 2,834 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 S138,891,202 64.6 2.8 2.9 15.7 2.0 1.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 1.1 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.7 n. 1 0.2 « 0.3 0.3 0.1 3.9 Value of products. Amount. 78,446,145 16,379,858 13,824,659 11,657,800 2,064,141 1,985,263 1,541,284 937,472 818, 223 805,602 749,394 589,852 499,591 496,225 420,629 400,938 345,064 226,204 214,659 202,248 188,946 151,801 121,667 5,823,63; Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 $47,882,206 56.5 11.8 10.0 8.4 1.5 1.4 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 4.2 Value added by manufacture. Amount. 24,556,991 2,736,937 3,508,920 7,804,570 1,115,446 1,532,960 659,572 551,991 552,688 300,603 . 250,250 349,981 226,354 327,052 74,443 273,042 147, 155 130,902 61,580 19,576 145,757 94,700 60,691 2,400,045 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 51.3 5.7 7.3 16.3 3.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 <') 0.3 0.2 0.1 5.0 PER CENT OF INCREASE.* Wage earners (average number). 190»- 1914 -1.5 2.2 15.4 10.8 -22.6 0.9 7.1 34.4 23.5 68.8 -22.5 -8.1 -23.6 -23.2 7.1 19.9 -0.1 1904- 1909 22.9 22.0 37.7 72.8 39.6 25.4 33.9 116.6 -7.3 96.4 18.6 -20.7 4.0 -21.4 17.6 162.1 1899- 1904 26.4 23.4 74.7 45.7 -0.3 38.9 52.1 26.4 194.7 -19.1 1.8 ^80.9 Value of products. 1909- 1914 22.7 19.0 60.2 53.2 -11.3 37.7 24.0 108.4 71.3 89.1 -26.8 14.4 -22.3 7.8 48.6 20.0 -5.8 S.5 218.5 54.8 -62.6 -39.2 1904- 1909 42.7 33.4 99.6 148.1 58.7 38.7 54.2 149.4 0.9 77.6 78.0 -39.3 -15.3 73.1 -51.6 133.8 -29.3 400.0 1899- 1904 48.8 66.3 76.1 -25.5 38.9 56.4 31.6 561.8 34.5 110.3 17.7 175.3 16.7 32.4 12.2 -16.6 -11.2 -27.2 -65.5 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 2.1 -0.3 25.4 3.3 -14.8 48.1 21.6 68.0 49.6 81.7 -20.1 -22.2 -27.6 3.3 48.8 75.8 -3.0 -7.8 284.9 38.8 -60.9 -35.5 1904- 1909 69.4 62.8 139.9 259.0 58.7 16.2 53.0 118.2 -0.5 79.9 51.6 -34.9 -4.6 -14.7 64.2 -53.3 192.4 21.0 248.1 1899- 1904 21.4 23.0 -46.7 63.6 37.1 611.8 57.2 113.9 22.8 220.1 10.0 24.0 -31.9 -32.0 -36.9 ■47.1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 30; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or when comparable figures can not be given. 2 Same number reported for both years, s Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented for 23 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $100,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 4 with products exceeding $10,000,000 in value, 3 with products between $1,000,000 and $3,000,000, 5 with products between $500,000 and $1,000,000, and 11 with products be- tween $100,000 and $500,000. Among those included imder the head of "aU other industries," are the fol- lowing, which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the pos- sibility of disclosing individual operations: Cordage and twine; dyeing and finishing textiles; electrical ma- chinery; men's furnishing goods; jute goods; rice, cleaning; steam packing; and surgical appliances. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of prod- ucts, but the arrangement would vary from that given if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The leading industry, cotton goods, and the third, fertiHzers, are the only ones ranking the same in all three respects. Oil, cotton- seed, and cake, second in value of products, was fourth in number of wage earners and value added by manu- facture. Lumber, ranking fourth in value of prod- ucts, ranked second in average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Digitized by Based on the value of products, the manufacture of cotton goods, cottonseed products, fertilizers, and lumber, in the order named, were the four leading industries of the state at the census of 1914, but at the census of 1909 these industries ranked first, third, fourth, and second, respectively. But slight changes are shown in the relative rank of the other industries. Cotton goods. — ^The manufacture of cotton goods is the most important industry of the state. During 1914 it gave employment to 64.6 per cent of the wage earners, and its products formed 56.5 per cent of the total for aU industries. There were only two states — Massachusetts and North Carohna — that exceeded the state in value of cotton manufactures for 1914. Dur- ing the five-year period 1909-1914 the total value of products increased from $65,930,000 to $78,446,000, or 19 per cent, and the average number of wage earn- ers from -45,454 to 46,448, or 2.2 per cent. The industry is naturally fostered by the cotton crop of the state. There were 1,418,704 bales, or about 688,910,000 pounds, of lint cotton obtained from the crop of 1913-14, and, as shown by Table 22, the mills consumed, during 1914, 372,464,143 pounds of do- mestic cotton. While it may be that a small amount was obtained from adjoining states, practically all of this was grown in South Carolina. Oil, cottonseed, and ca^e.— Second in importance in the state, this industry, which includes establishments IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1401 engaged principally in extracting oil from cotton seed or in re finin g the crude oU, shows a marked increase from census to census in both value of products and wage earners. The percentages of increase dmirig the three five-year periods 1909-1914, 1904-1909, and 1899-1904 for value of products were 50.2, 99.6, and 76.1 per cent, respectively, and for wage earners, 15.4, 37.7, and 74.7, respectively. Fertilizers. — The growth of the cottonseed-oil in- dustry and the utUization of phosphate rock have re- sulted in an increase in the manufacture of fertilizers. The Geological Survey reported 106,919 long tons of phosphate rock marketed in South Carohna in 1914, valued at $415,039. South Carolina was the first state ia the union to mine and to use this product as the basis of commercial fertilizer, and for many years produced the larger part of the world's supply. There were engaged in the manufacture of fertilizer 55 estab- lishments iu 19 14, giving employment to an average of 2,050 wage earners, and reporting a product valued at $13,824,659, the percentage of increase over 1909 figures being 10.8 per cent for wage earners and 53.2 for value of products. Lumber and timber products. — ^This industry em- braces the operations of logging camps, sawmUls, plan- ing miUs, and wooden-box factories. It ranked fourth in importance in 1914, although a considerable de- crease is shown in the industry since 1909. Mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for consump- tion in the immediate neighborhood should not be in- cluded in the census of manufactures, but it is not always possible to conduct the canvass on uniform lines in all sections of the country at different censuses in re- gard to the omission of these establishments, and it may be that some of this class were included at the census of 1909 that were excluded from the canvass of 1914. Gars and general shop construction and repairs by steamHrailroad companies. — ^The work in these estab- lishments is practically confined to repairs to the roll- ing stock and equipment of steam-railroad companies. The industry ranked fifth in the state in 1914 in the average number of wage earners and value of products. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the aver- age number of Wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANTJFAO- TTJIIING INDUSTEIES. cuss. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 77,693 78,040 69,717 60,944 17:976 17,096 76.9 78.1 23.1 21.9 Proprietors and officials 3,694 3,333 3,630 '3,287 64 46 98.3 98.8 1.7 1.4 Proprietors and Arm members. Salaried officers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 1,815 1,737 847 608 1,032 990 2,085 1,661 71,914 73,046 1,768 1,697 834 603 1,028 987 1,757 1,393 S4,330 56,264 47 40 13 3 4 3 328 268 17,584 16,782 97.4 97.7 98.5 99.5 99.8 99.7 84.3 83.9 75.5 77.0 2.6 2.3 1.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 15.7 16.1 24.5 '23.0 16 years of age and over 64,075 63,641 7,839 9,405 49,949 50,848 4,381 5,416 14,126 12,793 3,458 3,989 77.9 79.9 55.9 57.6 22.0 20.1 44.1 42.4 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 77,693, of whom 71,914, or about nine- tenths, were wage earners, 3,694 were proprietors and officials, and 2,085 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 49,949, or a little over three-fourths, were males, and 14,126, or about one-fourth, were females. Corresponding figures for- individual in- dustries will be found in Table 31. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 All classes. . ProOTietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,^ 1909-1914. Total. -0.4 10.8 4.5 39.8 4.2 25.5 -1.5 0.7 -16.7 Male. -2.0 10.4 4.2 38.3 4.2 26.1 -3.4 -1.8 -19.1 Female. 5.1 22.4 4.8 10.4 -13.3 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 100.0 4.8 2.3 1.1 1.3 2.7 92.6 82.5 10.1 100.0 4.3 2.2 0.8 1.3 2.1 93.6 81.5 12.1 Male. 1914 1909 6.1 3.0 1.4 1.7 2.9 91.0 83.6 7.3 100.0 5.4 2.8 1.0 1.6 2.3 92.3 83.4 8.9- Female. 1914 1909 100.0 0.4 0.3 0.1> 1.8 97.8 78.6 19.2 i A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; pen 'cei|tages.are omitted where base is less than lOfi, ^^ uigmzeaby Wiicroson® ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 100.0 0.3 e'.2 m 1.6 98.2 74.8 23.3 1402 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees with the exception of wage earners under 16 years of age, in which group there was a decrease of 16.7 per cent. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 39.8, is shown for salaried officers. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 82.5 per cent of the total number of per- sons engaged in manufacturing industries in the state in 1914 and 81.5 in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classi- fication employed at the earlier census. (See "Ex- planation of terms.") Table 5 makes this compari- son according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTUTACTUEING INI10STEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 77,693 78,040 63,071 100.0 100.0 100.0 -0.4 23 7 Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees . 1,815 3,964 71,914 1,737 3,257 73,046 1,241 2,389 59,441 2.3 5.1 92.6 2.2 4.2 93.6 2.0 3.8 94.2 4.5 21.7 -l.S 40.0 36 3 Wage earners (average) ...:... 22.9 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Each of the three classes shown in this table as well as the total for all classes combined show an increase for the five-year period 1904-1909; but the increase for the five-year period 1909-1914 is confined to pro- prietors and firm members and salaried employees. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children imder 1*6 years of age is given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows for some of the important industries separately a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is practically the same for the last two censuses, but shows an increase since 1904. A decrease is shown in the proportion of adult female wage earners and also of children em- ployed in the decade 1904-1914. Of the 12 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 7 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of adult males, and 4 an increase in proportion of adult females, while 3 show an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years of age. Canning and preserving and hosiery and knit goods are the 2 industries which show a larger proportion of women wage earners than men, the percentages being 48.5 and 44.9 for the women as against 42.4 and 34.2 for the men. The cotton-goods industry also shows a large proportion of women employed, over one-fourth of the total number of wage earners being women. The wage earners under 16 years of age in South Caro- hna are employed principally in the cotton-goods in- dustry, but the proportion of children employed in these cotton mills shows a decrease of 3.4 per cent since 1909. Table 6 All industries. Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Cotton goods Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914^ 1909 WAGE EABNEBS. Aver- age num- ber.' 46,448 45,454 2,050 1,851 515 417 771 218 11,308 14,604 2,037 1,765 834 4,637 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 63.3 91.6 79.4 96.5 94.3 42.4 34.6 99.3 58.3 56.6 100.0 100.0 94.8 97.4 34.2 35.6 98.4 97.2 98.3 98.5 99.9 82.5 78.5 70.0 72.8 Fe- male. 19.6 17.5 20.2 4.9 12.2 3.5 S.7 48.5 60.7 9.1 14.7 0.7 0.1 "O.! 26.4 24.7 15.3 18.7 4.8 2.6 0.4 44.9 45.6 20.9 18.7 0.8 0.8 2.8 0.1 0.1 1.5 1.5 ""o.'i' 0.1 0.1 9.4 15.0 24.4 19.0 Un- der 16 years of 10.9 12.9 16.5 3.5 8.4 8.1 6.5 5.6 8.2 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number in all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1403 Table 7 Cen- sus year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN MANWFACTUKING INDUSTRIES IN— SEX AND AGE. Ander- son. Cliarles- ton. Colum- bia. Green- ville. Spar- tan- burg. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,146 2,737 2,874 3,450 2,228 12,350 2,393 1,428 1,182 1,204 1,880 1,773 1,650 16 years of age and over: 'Mala. 748 "256' 148 2,070 2,088 2,425 517 592 844 150 194 181 1,876 11,874 1,682 281 1244 378 71 1232 333 839 667 651 447 339 385 142 176 168 1,148 1,074 932 460 474 396 272 225 322 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 65.3 "'21.8' 12.9 75.6 72.7 70.3 18.9 20.6 24.5 6^5 6.7 5.2 84.2 79.7 70.3 12.6 10.4 15.8 3.2 9.9 13.9 58.8 56.4 54..1 31.3 28.7 32.0 9.9 14.9 14.0 61.1 60.6 56.5 24.5 26.7 24.0 14 5 Female Under 16 years of age 12.7 19.5 1 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those estabUshments located within the cor- porate limits of the city. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.! CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -20.7 -4.8 -16.7 -6.9 -5.2 -1.8 18.6 20.8 -1.8 13.9 6.0 7.4 -14.6 -0.9 -13.9 U.5 0.1 11.4 28.9 25.8 2.4 23.2 6.9 15.2 -38.7 -12.7 -29.9 -25.7 15.2 -35.4 16.1 31.8 -11.9 16.2 -3.0 19.7 -17.1 Columbia . -22.7 7.2 —78.7 -69.4 -30.3 -15.5 -19.3 4.8 -15.5 20.9 -30.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city. The only city in South Carohna in which this proportion fell below 60 per cent in 191 4 was Greenville, where it increased from 54.1 in 1904 to 58.8 per cent in 1914, The proportion in all cities combined in 1914 was 70.9 per cent for men, 20.8 per cent for women, and 8.3 per cent for children. Columbia shows a decrease of 78.7 per cent in the number of wage earners under 16 years of age for the decade 1904-1914. A decrease of about 15 per cent in children wage earners is also shown for Charleston, Greenville, and Spartanburg for the same period. Wage earners employed, by months. — ^The following table gives, for all industries combinecQl^ijRiil'^ufeiV'' ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January... February . . March April May June July August September. October November. December . . WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Number.i 1914 728 1909 73, 774 75, 696 76,373 72,682 70,310 70,283 70, 708 70,441 71,951 73,996 74, 756 75,585 1904 59, 774 61,535 61, 634 60,748 58,346 57,415 66,501 56,832 58,368 59,976 61, 158 61,005 Per cent of maximum. 1914 98.0 99.5 100.0 95.6 92.2 90.4 89.7 88.4 89.6 90.0 91.3 92.3 1909 96.6 99.1 100.0 95.2 92.1 92.0 92.6 92.2 94.2 96.9 97.9 99.0 1904 97.0 99.8 100.0 98.6 94.7 93.2 91.7 92.2 94.7 97.3 99.2 39.0 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. The greatest activity in the manufacturing indus-^ triies of the state is shown for the winter and early spring months, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for March at each successive census, while the minimum was reported for August, in 1914, June for 1909, and July for 1904. The greatest diflFerence between the maximum and minimum months in any of the three census years was 8,971, or 11.6 per cent of the maximum in 1914. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected in- dustries, and for the total industries of each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Of the selected industries, oil, cottonseed, and cake, an industry ranking second in the state in value of products, shows a high degree of fluctuation in employment, the number of wage earners ia July being but 16.1 per cent of the number in November. This is a seasonal industry and naturally there is considerable variation in the number of wage earners employed during different months. For the same reason there is a great fluctuation in the numbers reported for canning and preserving, fertilizers, and manufactured ice. The greatest stabUity of employ- ment is shown for printing and pubHshing and cot- ton goods, for which industries the proportions which the minimum formed of the maximum were 97.2 per cent and 94.3 per cent, respectively. Of the five cities, Columbia shows the greatest fluctuation in the number of wage earners employed, the percentage that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being 62.3 per cent. The greatest st^ility of employment is shown for Charles- t^oS/'Q&Qtt^e minimum number formed 94.8 per cent of the maximum. 1404 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. Table 10 INDDSTEY AND CITY. WAGE EABITEES: 1914. [Month of ma x imum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italics.] Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by ateam-railroad compajiies Cotton goods Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed 'and cake Printing and publishing. All other industries Total for cities Anderson Charleston Columbia Gkeenville SPAETANBUaG 76,728 76,898 77,266 73,826 71, 200 69,830 69,334 69,215 71,299 286 706 464 1,431 46, 448 2,060 515 771 368 11,308 2,037 893 4,637 9,419 668 825 1,471 47,772 2,309 431 779 ^19 12,654 3,117 88S 4,463 ,906 258 572 916 1,412 47,377 3,998 459 750 234 12, 709 2,810 900 4,503 1,942 660 885 1,455 47,428 767 250 12,517 2,185 9,992 266 880 810 1,443 47,003 2,815 502 73« 331 11,943 1,463 907 4,732 9,698 271 912 29 1,447 47,062 1,678 632 741 448 11,656 747 899 4,878 9,664 296 871 » 1,465 46,363 1,291 654 761 515 11, 277 569 899 1,919 9,616 296 818 50 1,463 46,201 1,233 589 762 537 11,096 645 9; 378 301 861 1,464 45,316 98S 588 749 519 11,068 743 887 4,751 8,886 305 703 54 1,434 4B,0S1 1,206 640 772 462 10,739 2,358 883 4,738 9,006 306 624 56 1,372 46,585 1,385 624 770' 10,063 3,161 889 4,457 9,006 318 604 918 1,373 46,838 1,418 621 822 9,90e 3,379 888 4,369 9,051 319 m 919 1,373 46, 402 1,526 511 847 260 10,068 3,367 892 i,sse 9,185 74.6 54.7 2.1 93.3 94.3 20.2 72.8 86.4 40. S 77.9 16.1 97.2 86.6 1,146 2,737 2,228 1,428 1,880 1,295 g,87S 2,581 1,472 1,883 1,241 2,702 2,642 1,468 1,889 1,212 2,683 2,780 1,449 1,868 1,222 2,706 2,347 1,440 1,884 1,114 2,730 2,382 1,410 1,928 1,061 2.792 2,322 1,427 1,913 1,126 2,808 2,071 1,460 1,925 l.OiS 2,821 1,7SS 1,383 1,906 1,063 2,786 1,834 1,443 1,880 1,110 2,712 1,898 1,432 1,854 1,149 2,717 2,001 1,391 1,793 1,116 2,715 2,146 1,371 1,837 80.5 94.8 62.3 93.1 93.0 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 1 1 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevaUing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each city having 10,000 inhabitants or more. The number employed in each estabhshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. Table 11 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries . Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products.. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cotton goods.. Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products.. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber products . Oil, cottonseed, and cake.. Printing and publishing . . All other industries . Total for cities . Andebson Charleston--. Columbia Gkeenville.. - Spartanburg.. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1911 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 DIgltizecl My AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 71,914 73,046 369 706 924' 464 467 1,431 1,118 46,448 45,454 2,050 1,851 515 > 417 771 218 11,308 14,604 2,037 1,765 893 831 1,637 3,886 9,419 1,148 2,737 2,228 .1,428 In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were- 48 and under. 1,375 1,431 151 52 20 309 587 448 338 413 402 630 28 288 250 Mt^so^^) Between 48 and 54. 1,112 1,291 10 307 445 76 359 823 122 182 75 408 13 382 2,365 1,778 40 21 938 1,252 255 190 38 136 72 211 128 871 1,605 618 658 179 12 Between 54 and 60. 2,895 1,391 1,044 14 22 120 361 742 40 772 615 6 470 8 128 391 80. 80,046 81,647 159 236 532 601 201 375 103 107 15,404 45,009- 1,507 1,798 221 201 651 839 168 28 8,405 9,677 220 116 115 196 2,369 2,461 5,284 1,025 708 1,128 1,024 1,399 Between 60 and 72. 2.607 3,211 147 85 17 16 1,713 2,586 582 286 188 81 261 72. 1,288 2,038 21 15 214 55 25 337 1,169 1,351 2 13 33 121 252 21 30 129 13 Over 72. 226 269 10 109 119 20 10 19 127 27 48 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1405 From Table 11 it appears that there has been a general tendency to shorten the number of hours of labor for wage earners in the manufactures of the state. In 19Q9 there were 5,508 wage earners em- ployed in estabhshments where the hours of labor were more than 60 per week; by 1914 the number employed in such establishments had decreased to 4,121. During the same period, the number em- ployed in estabhshments where the prevailing hours of work were less than 60 per week increased from 5,891 to 7,747. In both 1909 and 1914, for all indus- tries combined and for almost aU of them separately, the majority of wage earners were employed in estab- hshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week. Statistics of hours of employment are not available for the cities for 1909, but for 191 4, with the excep- tion of Charleston, the majority of the wage earners in the five cities were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per wBek. For both Charleston and Columbia a considerable propor- tion of the wage earners, 22.6 and 29.5 per cent, re- spectively, were employed by establishments operated 54 hours per week. In these cities the wage earners whose hours of employment were 54 per week were in estabhshments engaged principally in the following iudustries: Bread and other bakery products; car- riages and wagons; cars and general shop construction and repairs; foundry and machine-shop products; and tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Location of establishments. — ^Table 12 presents, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in South Carohna were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Number of places. Population ' Number otestablislunents. Average number of wage earners.. Value of products Value added by manufacture Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1,590,015 1,515,400 1,340,316 1,885 1,854 1,369 71,914 73,046 47,025 $138,891,202 113,235,945 53,335,811 47,882,206 46,885,071 22,849,950 CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OK OVEK. Total. Number or amount. 142,571 118,410 100, 170 303 247 195 9,419 8,179 7,409 $21,873,312 17,663,862 11,404,995 8,345,001 6,826,244 4,425,966 Per cent of aggre- 9.0 7.8 7.5 16.1 13.3 14.2 13.1 11.2 15.8 15.7 15.6 21.4 17.4 14.6 19.4 10,000 to 25,000. Number or amount. 3 2 3 48,944 33,258 44,363 112 77 91 4,454 2,955 4,222 $9,256,650 5,417,857 5,691,680 3,286,613 2,104,869 2,219,539 Per cent of aggre- 3.1 2.2 3.3 5.9 4.2 6.6 6.2 4.0 9.0 6.7 4.8 10.7 6.9 4.5 9.7 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 93,627 85,152 55,807 191 170 104 4,965 5,221 3,187 $12,616,662 12,246,005 6,713,315 5,058,388 4,720,375 2,206,427 Per cent of aggre- gate. 5.9 6.6 4.2 10.1 9.2 7.6 6.9 7.2 9.1 10.8 10.7 10.6 10.1 9.7 DISTKICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVING A POP- ULATION or 10,000 OK OVEK. Number or amoimt. 1,447,444 1,396,990 1,240,146 1,582 1,607 1,174 62,495 64,867 39,616 $117,017,890 95,572,083 41,930,816 39,537,205 40,059,827 18,423,984 Per cent of aggre- gate. 91.0 92.2 92.5 83.9 86.7 85.8 84.2 84.3 84.4 78.6 85.4 80.6 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. In 1909. and 1899 the population of Anderson was less than 10,000, and the statistics for its manufactures were included with those for the outside districts. The table shows that for 1914 the cities, which repre- sented 9 per cent of the population of the state, re- ported 16.1 per cent of the total number of establish- ments, 15.7 per cent of the total value of products, 17.4 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, and 13.1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The major portion of the manufactures of the state are located outside the cities that had a population of 10,000 and over. During the 15 years covered by Table 12 the industries in these outside districts in- creased more rapidly than they did in the five principal cities of the state. The development in the cities, however, during the five years from 1909 to 1914 was at a more rapid rate than in the outside districts. The relative importance in mamiidcliff^tiEB^ct)^ the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Table 13 CITY. AVERAGE NUMBER Or WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PBODTJOTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Colimibia 2,228 2,737 1,428 1,880 1,146 12,350 2,874 1,182 1,773 2,393 3,450 1,204 1,650 $6,764,982 6,861,680 3,879,953 3,^3,136 1,903,562 > $5, 296, 198 6,960,807 2,142,146 3,275,711 $4,676,944 6,007,094 1,676,774 2,127,702 Greenville Spartanburg AndfirPH" 1 Figures do not agree with those puJblished because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Anderson had less than 10,060 inhabitants in 1909 and 1904; therefore comparative figures can not be jgiven. The manufacture of cotton goods and planing- il/mj3rGi®i)iSfe®bnseed-oil products are the priacipal in- dustries of the city. 1406 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. The principal industries in Columbia are the railroad repair shops, cotton goods, cottonseed-oil mills, and printing and pubUshing. These industries are also important ones in Charleston, which has in addition extensive planing mills and tobacco manufacturing establishments. Greenville and Spartanburg, which rank third and fourth, respectively, among the cities, have important cotton factories. Columbia and Spar- tanburg are the only cities reporting a product for any one industry of over 11,000,000. Character of ownership. — ^Table 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OP AVERAGE NUMBER OF -WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDTJSTRY AND CITY. ESTABUSHMENTS OWNED BY— Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. ) Cor- porar tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 905 940 672 642 564 464 338 360 263 71,914 73,046 59,441 4,721 6,243 6,172 64,746 63,456 51,610 2,447 3,348 2,759 6.8 8.5 8.7 90.0 86.9 86.7 3.4 4.6 4.6 $138,891,202 113,235,945 79,376,262 $5,992,528 6,816,862 5,764,439 $129,481,783 102,403,671 70,493,378 $3,416,891 4,016,422 3,118,445 4.3 6.0 7.3 93.2 90.4 88.8 2.5 3.5 3.9 Bread and other bakery- products. 61 57 15 23 1 3 16 14 6 4 514 563 4 4 87 83 115 7 1 12 11 9 10 145 144 15 17 26 20 81 90 89 93 54 37 152 8 5 9 15 2 9 3 4 8 198 198 4 6 25 41 36 286 369 708 924 1,431 1,418 46,448 45,454 515 417 368 218 11,308 14,604 2,037 1,765 893 834 9,419 155 183 172 319 2 223 94 124 109 33 24 2,951 4,171 87 42 221 268 587 112 403 410 1,431 1,418 46,225 46,360 384 300 302 169 6,776 8,137 1,908 1,627 603 404 8,661 19 '186 131 195 54.2 49.6 24.4 34.5 39.2 57.1 44.4 100.0 100.0 99.5 99.8 70.7 71.9 82.1 77.5 59.9 56.7 93.7 92.2 67.5 48.4 92.0 6.6 60.4 18.6 21.1 5.2 1.9 9.0 11.5 13.9 15.7 2.1 5.4 7.7 19.4 2.0 805,602 1,099,920 589,852 768,890 2,064,141 1,499,226 78,446,145 65,929,686 937,472 647,218 818,223 432,668 11,857,800 13,140,888 18,379,858 10,902,935 1,985,263 1,600,591 21,873,312 426,854 686,196 170,909 288,236 322,774 56,974 < 514, 724 126,460 145,987 52.9 53.2 29.0 38.0 40.1 49.8 42.8 100.0 100.0 99.4 99.7 75.4 70.8 84.7 75.5 62.4 60.1 96.7 92.5 73.0 60.4 92.2 7.1 46 8 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Cars and general shop 292,483 324,687 2,064,141 1,499,226 78,011,480 85,733,987 706,573 387,302 692,766 326,877 7,275,081 7,895,279 15,832,995 10,081,228 1,449,596 986,291 20,168,854 21.4 19.2 parrs by steam-raihroad companies. Cotton goods 27 8 33 25 1,581 2,296 42 96 89 162 191 05 0.2 24.1 26.1 9.0 11.0 26.1 28.8 4.3 2.4 24.7 32.1 6.0 2 434,665 195,618 198,498 142,684 68,540 60,345 2,756,621 3,226,814 297,498 225,794 398,888 387,400 1,233,015 0.8 0.3 •21.2 28.1 8.4 13.9 23.8 24.8 1.8 2.1 20.0 24.2 5.6 Foundry and machine- shop products. Ice, manufactured Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Oil, cottonseed, and cake.. Printing and publishing. . . Total tor cities 32,401 17,232 56,917 46,444 1,627,098 2,018,993 249,387 595,913 138,799 248,900 471,443 3.4 3.1 7.0 10.5 14.0 16.4 1.5 5.5 7.0 15.4 2.2 Anderson 9 55 28 13 10 18 52 31 29 22 1 13 12 7 3 1,146 2,737 2,228 1,428 1,880 2 45 267 135 55 85 1,101 2,382 2,042 1,345 1,791 ""88 51 28 24 3.9 9.8 6.1 3.9 3.5 96.1 87.0 91.7 94.2 96.3 "'3'2 2.3 2.0 1.3 1,903,562 6,861,880 8,784,982 3,879,953 3,473,135 2 105,877 840,478 265,100 101,109 120,451 1,797,885 5,010,712 6,339,097 3,716,517 3,304,843 5.8 10.9 3.9 2.6 3.5 94.4 85.6 93.7 95.8 95.1 200,490 180,786 62,327 47,841 3.4 Columbia . . . . 2.4 1.6 SPABTANBUBG 1.4 ' Includes the group " corporations." For aU industries combined there was an increase during the decade in the number of estabhshments under each form of ownership. The greatest propor- tion of the establishments is shown for those under individual ownership, but in value of products and average number of wage earners those owned by cor- porations greatly predominate. For 1914, with but 34.1 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, the corpcJrations reported 93.2 per cent of the total value of products and 90 per cent of the aver- age number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions are only shghtly less. Bread and other bakery products was the only indus- try in 1914, among those mentioned in this table, where the estabhshments under individual ownership exceeded the corporations- in value of. products and average number of wage earners. L ^ ^ 2 Includes the group " all others." as a group, more than one-half of the number of estab- lishments were reported as under corporate owner- ship, and over nine-tenths of the total value of prod- ucts for the cities was reported by the same class of estabhshments. Size of establishments. — The tendency. for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large estabhsh- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. The number of establishments with products valued at $100,000 or more in 1914 was 286, or 15.2 per cent of the total number in the state, as compared with 235, or 12.7 per cent, in 1909 and 164, or 11.7 per cent, in 1904. These estabhshments in 1914 reported 82.8 per cent of the total number of wage earners for the state, 5.8 per <^nt of the total value of products, and 79.5 lOrOSCatWe total value added by manufacture. In MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1407 the same year the small establishments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although repre- senting 44.8 per cent of the total number of estabhsh- ments, reported only 1.3 per cent of the total value of products and 2.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture. Table 15 VALVE OF PBODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTUBE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All Classes 1,885 1,854 1,399 71,914 73,046 59,441 $138,891,202 $113,235,945 $79,376,262 $47,882,206 $46,885,071 $29,407,636 Less than $5,000 845 471 283 266 20 812 507 300 218 17 544 434 257 151 13 1,843 3,439 7,149 44,481 15,002 2,473 4,224 9,037 42,296 15,016 1,425 4,191 8,752 33,375 11,698 1,838,861 4,749,598 13,191,752 89,244,557 29,866,434 1,744,344 4,912,546 13,432,870 68,258,491 24,887,694 1,257,021 4,342,225 11,448,252 44,511,158 17,817,606 1,250,650 2,827,410 5,749,069 29,658,110 8,396,967 1,247,783 3,200,619 6,391,272 27,147,965 8,897,432 871,350 2,554,214 4,773,142 16,224,657 4,984,273 t5,000 to 120,000 jao.ooo to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEE CENT DISTBIBTTTION. All classes.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 .. 44.8 25.0 15.0 14.1 1.1 43.8 27.3 16.2 11.8 0.9 38.9 31.0 18.4 10.8 0.9 2.6 4.8 9.9 61.9 20.9 3.4 5.8 12.4 57.9 20.6 2.4 7.0 14.7 56.1 19.7 1.3 3.4 9.5 64.3 21.5 1.5 4.3 11.9 60.3 22.0 1.6 5.5 14.4 58.1 22.4 216 5.9 12.0 62.0 17.5 2.7 6.8 13.6 57.9 19.0 3.0 ■• 8.7 $5,000 to 120,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 55.2 16.9 Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for four of the more important industries, a classification of estabhsh- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15 for all industries combined. This table shows for each industry presented an increase for 1914, as compared with 1909, in the num- ber of estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over, and aU industries in this class, with the exception of lumber and timber products, show an increase in wage earners and value of products. The manufacture of lumber and timber products shows a larger proportion of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manuf actm-e in this class of estab- lishments in 1914 than in 1909, although showing a decrease in actual numbers in these items. Table 16 INDUSTBT AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 Per cent distribution. 1909 1914 1909 VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTURE. 1914 Per cent distribution. 1909 1914 1909 Cotton goods. $5,000 to $100,0001... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Lumber and timber products. 148 11 118 19 793 Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over.. Oil, cottonseed, and cake . 511 174 79 97 Less than $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Printing and PUBmsmNG. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 4 42 51 166 147 19 112 16 851 100.0 Ta 79.7 12.8 100.0 511 218 97 !25 103 64.4 21.9 10.0 3.7 100.0 4.1 43.3 52.5 100.0 57.8 30.1 9.0 3.0 100.0 12.9 76.2 10.9 100.0 60.0 25.6 11.4 2.9 100.0 46, 448 429 31,223 14,796 11,308 1,174 1,746 3,003 5,385 2,037 45,454 863 31, 203 13,388 14,604 1,859 2,459 4,468 6,818 1,765 100.0 0.9 67.2 31.9 100.0 10.4 15.4 26.6 47.6 100.0 1.9 68.6 29.5 100.0 100.0 $78,446,145 605,403 48,982,845 28,857,897 11,657,800 $65,929,585 1,089,763 41,586,651 23, 253, 171 13,140,886 7.8 59.2 33.0 100.0 55.3 36.6 6.2 1, 19 437 1,581 161 241 240 251 21 678 1,166 834 'vii 314 181 165 0.9 21.5 77.6 100.0 18.0 27.0 26.9 28.1 1.2 32.7 66.1 100.0 20.9 37.6 21.7 19.8 1,985,263 254,003 443,504 495,936 791,820 10,902,935 98,815 3,108,340 7,695,780 1,600,591 213, 894 518,754 356,006 511,937 100.0 0.8 62. 36.8 8.3 14.4 47.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 $24,556,991 164,386 16,229,951 8,162,654 7,804,570 722,502 1,140,031 1,988,500 3,953,537 2,736,937 $24,626,147 100.0 100.0 0.4 14.7 84.9 100.0 12.8 22.3 25.0 39.9 14,578 437,661 2,284,698 1,632,960 197,988 347,054 371,363 616,555 16,478,238 7,861,011 9,159,418 0.7 66.1 33.2 100.0 1.2 66.9 31.9 100.0 773,527 1,596,641 2,790,490 3,998,760 2,183,400 14.6 25.6 60.7 100.0 8.4 17.4 30.5 43.7 100.0 22,596 671, 226 1,489,579 1,260,672 169,898 407,790 289,930 393,064 0.5 16.0 83.6 1.0 30.7 68.2 100.0 100.0 12.9 22.6 24.2 40.2 13.5 32.3 23.0 31.2 > Includes the group "$5,000 to $20,000." 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." ' Includes the group "less than $6,000.' Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined, in each of the five cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same general condition prevails as that found throughout the state, namely, a preponder- ance as to number of wage earners, value (^.products. and value added by manufacture for establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The largest proportions of total value of products for estabhshments in this class, 83.2 per cent and 82.4 per cent, are reported for Columbia and Spartan- burg, respectively, and the lowest, 66.9 per cent, for 1408 MANUFACTURES— SOUTPI CAROLINA. TaWe 17 la ■oS z WAGE EAKNERS. VALUE op PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY ■ MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PEODUCT. •sS ll a= ■WAGE EARNEKS. VALUB OF PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AOT> VALUE OF PEODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Anderson 28 16 12 120 1,146 lOO.O $1,903,562 100.0 $645,917 100.0 Geeenville 49 10 13 16 10 35 1,428 100.0 $3,879,953 100.0 $1,445,082 100.0 Less than $20,0001 J20,000andover2 Chaeleston 75 1,071 2,737 6.5 93.5 100.0 165, 150 1,738,412 5,851,680 8.7 '91.3 100.0 91,619 554,398 2,517,961 14.2 85.8 100.0 23 106 186 1,113 1,880 1.6 7.4 13.0 77.9 100.0 V 27,880 168,794 668,576 3,014,703 3,473,136 0.7 4.4 17.2 77.7 100.0 11,620 81,140 326,019 1,027,303 1,195,614 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000 5.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Spaktanbukg Less than $6,000 22.5 71.1 Less than $5,000 36 35 31 18 71 57 173 668 1,839 2,228 2.1 6.3 24.4 67.2 100.0 84,869 363,776 1,487,413 3,915,622 6,764,982 1.5 6.2 25.4 66.9 100.0 53,971 173,956 717,570 1,572,454 2,540,437 ' 2.1 6.9 28.6 62.5 100.0 100.0 95,000 to 820,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 7 11 11 6 14 64 261 1,541 0.7 3.4 13.9 82.0 19,051 144,924 447,410 2,861,750 0.5 4.2 12.9 82.4 11,858 80,192 251,953 851,611 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 6.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' 21.1 71.2 Less than $5 000 20 21 17 13 34 151 271 1,772 1.5 6.8 12.2 79.5 59,456 279,140 800,974 5,625,412 0.9 4.1 11.8 83.2 40,458 142,929 435,335 1,921,716 1.6 6.6 17.1 76.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 I Includes the group "less than $6,000." 2 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." 3 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 18 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 12 of the more important industries, and for each of the five cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 18 INDUSTEY AND dTY. All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cotton goods Fertilizers Foundry and machine-shop products Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured- Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printingand publishing All other industries Total for cities Andeeson Charleston Columbia Geeenville ^- Spartanburg Estab- lish- ments. 16 9 148 56 40 6 36 793 97 166 417 303 28 120 71 49 36 Wageeam- ers(average number). 71,914 286 706 464 1,431 46,448 2,050 615 771 368 11,308 2,037 893 4,637 9,419 1,146 2,737 2,228 1,428 1,880 No wage earners. establishments employing— Estab- hsh- ments. 172 118 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 912 14 406 9 121 264 Wage earners. 2,331 120 31 11 1,037 41 301 634 395 29 162 79 78 47 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. 399 16 9 1 18 173 44 23 81 Wage earners. 90 155 30 34 169 120 6 202 1,846 522 260 905 913 74 324 164 182 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments 150 Wage earners. 4,562 76 214 ISO 29 184 323 162 39 118 1,440 1,153 185 1,016 130 431 285 120 50 Table 18— Continued. establishments employing — INDUSTRY AND CITV. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- hsh- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 80 5,861 91 15,235 50 17,267 29 19,833 2 2,486 Brick tile Dotterv and other clav nroducts 4 4 3 14 5 3 1 26 5 2 13 20 306 243 235 1,085 339 179 87 1,966 321 147 964 1,306 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cotton goods 2 40 650 13,912 1 27 508 18,342 57 8 10,405 1,174 2 2,486 Fertihzers 2 18 301 2,622 1 4 338 1,415 1 983 Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing AH other Industries 6 9 733 1,580 3 6 952 2,045 Total tor cities 3 2,164 ^ Andeeson 3 7 163 444 403 1 750 Charleston ^nk 459 363 472 286 3 1 1 1 917 426 342 360 Columbia 1 508 Geeenville r\irt.iii-7ir^ f->i Spartanburg UlQniZ&U B\ 1 906 ' MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1409 Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and, for 1909, similar percentages for all industries combined and for individual indus- tries in the state as a whole. Table 19 nroUSTBY AOT) CITY. Cen- sus year. PEE CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBEK OF WAGE EAENEBS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EM- PLOTING SPECDTED NUMBER. lto5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 260 261 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All indiistries .' 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 3; 2 3.5 6.0 7.4 6.3 6.0 8.2 6.9 21.2 22.0 24.0 23.4 27.6 23.7 3 4 7.2 Bread and other bakery prod- 41.9 30.6 4.4 4.8 2.4 3.0 0.6 0.3 '"m 2.2 ■1.2 10.5 8.4 13.0 26.1 9.2 9.3 2.0 6.7 33.7 35.1 13.7 13.0 4.2 31.5 24.4 22.0 22.8 6.5 9.2 "'6.'4 0.1 0.1 8.2 1.9 23.3 30.5 0.8 2.3 54.9 60.6 16.3 20.2 25.6 33.3 29.1 34.4 19.6 23.5 9.7 26.6 30.3 28.7 38.8 28.5 2.0 6.1 0.4 0.4 15.8 3.4 31.4 44.8 5.0 6.3 32.1 13.3 12.7 12.6 56.6 44.8 20.7 12.8 9.9 15.8 10.8 45.0 43.3 29.6 52.4 33.6 16.4 13.3 2.3 2.0 16.5 32.4 34.8 16.3 11.3 10.4 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 14.1 Canning and preserving 25.7 22.4 23.6 67.3 61.1 Cars and generalshop eonstruo- tioQ and repairs oj steam- raihoad companies. 45.4 79.9 30.0 27.8 35. S 39.5 38.0 Fertilizers 8.0 Foundry and machine-shop products. Hosiery and knit goods 39.0 34.1 43.8 47.0 Lumber and timber products. . . Oil cottonseed, and cake 17.4 11.1 15.8 10.3 16.5 17.6 20.6 16.1 13.9 23.2 22.4 12.5 13.3 8.7 'ii.'i 5.9 Printuig and publishing. 15.8 7.1 16.8 20.5 24.4 21.7 Total for cities 23.0 2.5 5.9 3.5 5.5 2.5 6.5 11.8 7.4 12.7 9.0 11.3 15.7 12.8 8.4 2.6 14.2 16.2 18.1 16.4 3.3 65.4 16.8 16.3 33.0 15.2 33.6 19.1 24.0 19.1 22.8 48.2 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Of the total number of establishments for aU indus- tries combined, 172, or 9.1 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These are small establishments in which the work is done by the proprietors or firm members. In some cases they employ a few wage earners for short periods, but the number is so small and the period so short that in computing the average number, as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the estabhsh-'^ ments. The largest number of these small estabhsh- ments was reported for lumber miUs. The compara- tively small establishments stUl predominate in the majority of , the industries of the state. Of the 1,885 establishments reported for all industries, 1,311, or 69.5 per cent, employed on the average less than 21 wage earners during the year. On the other hand, while the small establishments predominate in num- ber, they gave employment to only 6,670 wage earners, or 9.3 per cent of the total for all estabhshments. There were only 172 establishments in the state that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earners each, but these establishments gave employ- ment to 54,821, or 76.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners reported for all establish- ments. These large establishments are shown especially in the manufacture of textiles, fertilizers, and lumber, and in railroad repair shops. Among the cities the highest percentage of the total number of wage earners reported by estabhshments employing more than 100 wage earners each is shown for Spartanburg, 82.6 per cent. AU of the cities show over 50 per cent of wage earners in similar establish- ments. Engines and power. — Table 20 presents, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased ctirrent). It also shows separately the number and horsepower and per cent distribution of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. Table ZO NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HOESEPOWEK. " POWEB. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6,495 3,140 1,578 340,224 276,378 197,479 100.0 100.0 100.0 2,077 1,679 233 165 4,418 4,418 2,089 1,806 153 130 1,051 1,051 1,578 1,399 55 124 251,956 207,480 2,063 42,413 88,268 83,754 4,514 235,213 195,452 1,264 38,497 41,165 41,130 35 188,948 167,612 239 31,097 8,531 8,461 80 74.1 6L0 0.6 12.6 25.9 24.6 1.6 85.1 70.7 0.5 13.9 14.9 14.9 95.7 79.8 1 15.7 Heated 4.3 4.3 Other (=) . Electric 5,099 4,418 681 1,502 1,051 451 111,988 83,764 28,234 67,620 41,130 26,490 32,162 8,451 23,711 100.0 74,8 25.2 100.0 60.8 39.2 100 Rented 268 26.3 73 7 ' Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported under the head of "other" owned power. 2 Jjess than one-tenth of 1 per cent. » 3 Not reported 82101°— IS- -89 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1410 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. This table shows an increase in primary horsepower of 63,846, or 23.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, about three-fourths of which was due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 4.3 per cent of the total primary power reported. This proportion had increased to 25.9 per cent in 1914. This increase in the propor- tion of rented power used was accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of owned power from 95.7 per cent in 1904 to 74.1 in 1914. The use of internal-combustion engines has increased rapidly during the decade, although the horsepower of such engines is insignificant, representing less than 1 per cent of the total at all three censuses. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase of 10.2 per cent in the horsepower of water wheels, tiu-bines, and motors, though this horsepower shows a decreased proportion of the total at each successive census. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power employed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manu- facturing processes. ■* Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all indus- tries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 21. INDUSTBT AND CITY. All industries. Bread and other bakery products Briek, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies... Cotton goods , Fertilizers , Foundry and machine-shop products Gas, illuminating and heating , Hosiery and knit goods , Ice, manufactured , Lumber and timber products Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing , All other industries Total for cities. Anderson Chakleston... Columbia Gkeenville... Spaetanbtjeg. An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 8,589 357 2,684 "'S44 525 45 500 498 3,536 4,920 84 4,248 498 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 754,365 34,163 12,998 481, 939 25,017 1,707 6,518 4,136 45, 711 15,002 93,143 973 32,763 95,992 11, 217 26,379 26,705 10, 627 23,064 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 13,597 843 44 3,389 1,877 6,763 300 85 5 291 4,106 1,909 1,126 162 OU, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 31,290 123 803 154 363 28,056 4 14 69 130 356 1,173 25,395 15,868 6,635 2,237 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 3,812 1,816 1,574 3,282 604 1,908 220 646 4 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantity and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for which no pro- vision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important industries in South Carolina are here presented, followed by statistics for power laundries. Cotton goods. — In the following table the materials and products of the cotton-goods industry are shown by kind, quantity, cost, and value, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 2Z MATEEIALS. Total cost.. Cotton: Domestic- Pounds Cost Foreign- Pounds Cost Cotton yams, purchased: Pounds Cost Starch, cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost . Fuel and rent of power, cost . . All other materials, cost PK0DUCT3. Total value. TJnbleached and bleached sheetings, shirtings, and muslins: ' Square yards Value 1914 S63, 889, 154 372,464,143 $46,566,388 430, 188 187,691 836,878 $186,630 ^$526,438 $118,984 $2,778,082 $3,625,141 $78,446,145 1,062,448,052 $51,471,351 1909 $41,303,438 322,945,571 $35,284,141 1,440,207 $249,068 487,186 $89,706 $369,679 $187,167 $1,977,699 $3,166,088 $65,929,585 864,624,681 $42,762,635 1901 $34,308,311 269,045,002 $30,451,159 1,912,459 $318,020 636,300 $110,065 $209,646 $93,007 $1,673,064 $1,553,370 $49,437,644 663,269,217 $29,461,577 PE0DDCX3 — continued. Ginghams: Square yards , Value Fancy weaves, total: ' Square yards Value Drills- Square yards Value Twills, sateens, etc.— Square yards Value Other fancy weaves — ' Square yards Value Bags and bagging: Square yards Value Yams, lor sale: Pounds Value Cotton waste, for sale: Pounds Value 25,698,766 $1,466,884 211,461,967 $13,787,278 98,617,604 $6,610,701 13,698,202 $844,701 99,246,161 $6,331,876 10,147,120' $826,064 27,861,944 $6,078,250 40,417,962 $1,349,787 All other products, value $3, 477, 631 1914 1909 29,417,246 $1,625,286 148,- 216, 075 $9,649,541 75,828,918 $6,062,204 12,910,370 $797,624 59,476,787 $3,789,713 19,792,444 $1,120,826 32,709,732 $6,759,913 29,621,480 $860,246 $3,261,239 1904 26,212,195 $1,376,908 158,088,019 $8,940,772 88.651,799 $5,344,146 45,220,488 $2,175,651 24,315,732 $1,420,975 14,250,913 $683,877 31,645,397 $6,217,795 24,199,029 $867,273 $1,889,442 ' These fabrics were designated at prior censuses as "plain cloths for printing or converting" and "brown or bleached sheetings and shirtings." ' Does not include fancy woven ginghams. The increase in the quantity of raw cotton con- stimed during the ten-year period covered by the table — from 270,957,461 pounds to 372,894,331 pounds, or 37.6 per cent — ^is a fair measure of the growth of the industry. The amount of cotton imported shows. for the five-year period 1909-1914, a decrease of 70.1 per cent. The total value of products shows a sub- stantial gain from census to census, sheetings,- shirt- ings, and muslins being the most important prod- ucts reported. These products increased in value. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1411 $20,796,532, or 67.8 per cent, during the decade 1904-1914, and among the remaining products fancy ■weaves show the greatest increase for the same period— $6,059,748, or 78.4 per cent. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. — South Carolina ranked fifth among the states in value of cottonseed prod- ucts manufactured in 1914. The increase in the output of these products from census to census shows a rapid growth of the industry in the state. The following table gives the quantity of cotton seed used for oil extraction and the quantities of the several products obtained for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 23 Cotton seed crushed tons (2,000 lbs.).. Crudeproducts manufactured: Oil. gallons.. Meal and cake tons (2,000 lbs.) . . Hulls tons (2,000 lbs.).. Linters pounds.. 1914 418,486 18,979,394 190,498 116,403 23,781,620 1909 346,550 15,745,552 156,729 103,795 14,356,169 1904 213,103 9,178,661 90, 815 71,942 6,641,495 The statistics in this table for 1914 relate to the crushing season of 1913-14; that is, to the handling of seed from the crop of 1913. They cover the oper- ations of all estabHshments which crushed cotton seed during the season, regardless of the extent to which they were engaged in other branches of indus- try. Furthermore, the crude products reported rep- resent the total production derived from crushing cotton seed, whether sold as such or used as intermedi- ate products in further processes of manufacture, such as the refining of oil and the mixing of fertilizer and feed. The total quantity of cotton seed crushed increased from 213,103 tons in 1904 to 418,486 tons in 1914, or 96.4 per cent. Of the 98 mills reported in 1914 as crush- ing cotton seed, 9 crushed less than 1,000 tons each during the census year; 27 crushed 1,000, but less than 2,000 tons; 35 crushed 2,000, but less than 5,000 tons; 19 crushed 5,000, but less than 10,000 tons; 6 crushed 10,000, but less than 20,000 tons; and 2 crushed 20,000 tons and over. The quantities of the various products obtained in 1914 per ton of seed, as received at the miU, were as follows: Crude oU, 45.4 gallons; cake and meal, 910 pounds; hulls, 556 pounds; and Enters, 57 pounds. The ratios which the several products bore to the total weight of the seed when received at the miU were: Crude oil, 17 per cent; cake and meal, 45.5 per cent; hulls, ^27.8 per cent; and linters, 2.8 per cent. It wiU be observed that the hulls have repre- sented a decreasing proportion of the total quantity of products from census to census. This change is due in part to the installation of cold-process ma- chinery, which expresses the oil without hulling the seed, the resulting cake thus containing the hidls. Fertilizers. — The principal products manufactured, by kind, quantity, and value, are shown in the fol- lowing table for 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 24 1914 1909 1904 Total value $13,824,659 $9,024,900 $3, 637, 576 Fertilizers: Tons (2,000 lbs.) 1678,080 $12,734,043 435,403 $9,927,343 175,414 $1,467,972 67,263 $1,338,728 $1,090,6x6 512,714 $8,728,312 278,894 $5,815,498 176,005 $2,036,220 57,815 $876,694 $296,588 254,408 Value $3, 498, 127 Complete and ammoniated fertiliz- ers- Tons . . 147, 554 $2,395,725 Superphosphates- 49,763 Value $453,663 Other fertilizers- Tons . ... 57,091 Value $648, 739 $139,449 Digitized by 1 In addition, there were produced 55,715 tons of fertilizers, valued at $1,273,063, by cottonseed-oil mills and by establishments engaged primarily in other lines of manufacture. The principal materials used in 1914 by fertiKzer establishments consisted of 175,402 tons of phosphate rock, 75,002 tons of ammoniates, 19,473 tons of fish, 20,990 tons of ammonium sulphate and cyanamid or Hme nitrogen, 86,956 tons of purchased superphos- phates, 55,409 tons of kainit, 80,370 tons of pyrites, and 30,388 tons of purchased sulphuric acid. The total quantity of fertiHzers reported in 1914 by estabhshments engaged primarily in the manu- facture of fertilizers was an increase of 32.3 per cent over the production of 1909. Complete and am- moniated fertilizers constituted the largest class manufactured during each of the three census years, representing 64.2 per cent in 1914, 54.4 per cent in 1909, and 58 per cent in 1904. In addition, 55,673 tons of fertilizers were produced in 1914, by the cottonseed-oil mills, and 42 tons as subsidiary products in other industries, valued in the aggregate at $1,273,063. This makes a total produc- tion from aU sources in 1914 of 733,795 tons, valued at $14JD07,106. Besides the products shown in the table, 236,221 tons of acid phosphate and 160,327 tons of sulphuric acid were manufactured in 1914 by the 55 establish- ments reporting, and consumed by them in further processes. The state ranked third among the states in this industry in 1914 and in 1909. Printing and publishing, — The following table shows the number of different newspapers and periodicals published and the aggregate circidation per issue of each for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. There was an increase both in number and in circu- lation of the total newspapers and periodicals froiri 1909 to 19^14, the circulation increasing 57,653, or 20.7 per cent. The daihes, Simday papers, and weeklies showed increases during the same period, the largest relatively, 31,336, or 96.6 per cent, occurring in the Sunday editions. The dailies also had a large increase . IVIicrosoft® 1412 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 32,261, or 62.5 per cent, while the weeklies increased 15,357, or 11.5 per cent. In 1914, 8 of the 16 daily papers were morning editions, with an aggregate cir- culation per issue of 52,570. All of the publications reported were pubHshed in the English language, except one weekly, which was in German. Table 25 PERIOP OF ISSUE. NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Total 140 138 148 336, 165 278,512 239,968 Daily 16 7 118 91 8 13 4 121 90 2 10 14 6 16 103 39 83,885 63,783 29,250 148,597 10,650 51,624 32,447 44,622 133,240 16,579 32, 193 24,617 Semiweekly 28,401 Weekly 137, 439 Monthly 17,318 ' Includes one triweekly publication. 2 Includes one semimonthly and one quarterly. ' Includes one biweekly, one quarterly, and one semimonthly. Turpentine and tosin. — As early as 1849 there were 40 establishments in the state reported ias engaged in this industry, having products valued at $235,836. The industry increased until 1879, when 192 estabhsh- ments were reported, with a product valued at $1,893,206. Since that census there has been a steady decline of the industry, because of the gradual deple- tion of the longleaf pine forests of the state. The quantity and value of products, by classes, for 1914, 1909, an^ 1904 are given in the table below. Table 26 1914 1909 1904 Total value S151,801 $406,286 $574, 150 Spirits of turpentine: Gallons 201,221 $78,233 16,169 $72,377 $1,191 460,186 $205,517 51,401 $199,273 $1,496 764,412 $370,046 Eosin: Barrels (280 pounds) 87,836 Value $203, 749 $355 The working unit in turpentine operations is called a "crop," which consists of 10,500 boxes or cups. In 1914 there were 125 crops produced in the state, of which 5 were from virgin trees, 40 from yearling or second-year trees, 42 from third-year workings, and 38 from older trees. Of the 125 crops worked, 16 were worked by the cup system, while in former censuses no such system was reported. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 27, however, sum- marizes these statistics for South Carolina for 1914 and 1909. In 1914 South Carolina ranked forty-fourth among the states in amount received for work done and fortieth in number of persons engaged in the industry. Establishments owned by individuals reported 23.1 per cent of the amount received for work done; those owned by corporations, 54.4 per cent; and those un- der other forms of ownership, 22.5 per cent. Table 27 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) .' Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cost of mater^s Amount received for work done. POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 23 588 24 47 517 604 $265, 692 183, 769 37, 213 146, 556 14,899 95, 898 422, 212 1909 24 440 26 41 373 501 $183,975 117,772 30,344 87,428 2,645 10,625 51,765 269, 112 Percent of in- crease, 1 1909- 1914. 33.6 20.6 44.4 66.0 22.6 67.6 40.2 85.3 56.9 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 28 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laimdries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest nimiber employed in any month of the same year. Table 28 January... February.. March April May June July August September October. . . November. December. WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 510 514 513 514 523 528 532 531 533 501 505 1909 362 365 373 376 373 380 392 361 364 379 386 366 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 95.7 96.4 96.2 96.4 98.1 99.1 99.8 99.6 100.0 94.0 94.7 93.4 1909 92.3 93.1 96.2 95.9 95.2 96.9 100.0 92.1 92.9 96.7 98.5 93.4 Table 29 gives statistics as to the kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 29 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. POWER. MOTORS. Amount. Percent of in- 1914 1909 1914 1909 crease,! 1909- 1914. 31 28 604 591 2.2 Owned — Steam 18 13 as 5 470 134 540 51 -12.9 Electric— Generated in establishments 13 22 41 54 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. 1413 GENERAL TABLES. Table 30 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the num- ber of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and in the city having 50,000 inhabitants or more, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 in- habitants similar data for all industries combined. Table 31 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in the city with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics ia detaU for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establishments, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 190^. INDUSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed In thousands. INDUSTBT AND aTY. Cen- sus year. Nimi- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value ■ of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 1,885 71,914 340,224 $24,173 S91,009 1138,891 Flour-mil] and gristmill 1914 37 30 1,046 $12 $346 $421 1909 1,854 73,046 276,378 20,361 66,351 113,236 products. 1909 10 23 406 7 308 351 1904 1914 1,399 59,441 197,479 13,869 49,969 79,376 Foundry and machine- 1904 1914 29 340 60 515 1,440 984 18 265 633 385 725 Bread and other bakery 66 286 278 114 605 806 937 products. 1909 63 369 ■ 218 119 724 1,100 shop products. 1909 34 417 817- 194 178 547 1904 52 311 132 99 370 618 1904 2 37 450 1,122 212 171 542 Brick, tile, pottery, and 1914 36 706 3,003 203 240 590 Gas, illuminating and 1914 12 136 509 68 169 496 other clay products. 1909 49 924 3,128 .242 276 759 heating. 1909 12 127 207 52 114 334 1904 53 963 2,956 204 191 697 1904 4 108 43 31 69 193 Canning and preserving.. 1914 116 464 387 75 198 345 Hosiery and knit goods. . . 1914 6 771 589 187 499 749 1909 15 467 95 64 169 318 1909 7 839 597 152 334 655 1904 2 14 1,044 287 112 349 574 1904 14 1,058 890 187 586 1,079 Carriages, wagons, and repairs. 1914 1909 1904 18 23 38 209 272 346 313 272 320 110 104 118 273 244 290 600 464 648 Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 1904 36 32 18 368 218 111 5,271 2,964 1,835 164 85 45 266 129 75 818 433 244 Lumber and timber prod- 1914 <793 11,308 49,551 4,121 3,853 11,658 Cars and general shop con- 1914 9 1,431 842 928 949 2,064 ucts. 1909 851 14,604 49,400 4,378 3,981 13,141 struction and repairs by 1909 10 1,418 1,029 687 746 1,499 1904 602 10,641 29,490 2,873 2,506 8,279 stoam-railroad compa^ 1904 8 1,131 510 577 433 1,081 Marble and stone work . . . 1914 37 283 486 127 128 401 nies. 1914 1909 4 5 116 99 80 39 31 20 153 94 215 139 1909 1904 36 28 236 39 142 2 120 15 144 28 426 67 1904 25 125 18 25 76 137 Mineral and soda waters. . 1911 1909 113 100 391 291 325 398 160 87 882 347 1,541 '740 1914 1909 1904 22 11 5 85 22 19 91 5 32 8 4 95 37 19 226 71 30 Oil, cottonseed, and cake. 1904 1914 35 97 103 135 2,037 1,765 147 24,690 17,730 30 639 467 116 13,643 8,720 296 16,380 10,903 Copper, tin, and sheet- 1914 9 71 4 40 61 122 1904 100 1,282 14,500 320 4,553 5,463 1909 8 79 54 35 106 200 Printing and publishing. . 1914 166 893 937 631 452 1,985 1904 5 24 10 15 13 40 1909 1904 161 2 160 834 623 603 298 412 268 340 214 1,601 1,038 1914 1909 148 147 46,448 45,454 231,220 187,716 14,436 11,661 53,889 41,303 78,446 65,930 Turpentine and rosin 1914 1909 35 56 221 443 2 2 41 101 57 164 152 406 1904 127 37,271 133,397 7,702 34,308 49,438 1904 79 169 9 37 374 674 1914 1909 55 26 2,050 1,851 7,676 4,766 803 671 10,316 5,629 13,825 9,025 All other industries 1914 1909 130 96 3,095 2,294 12,040 5,790 1,096 695 3,650 2,274 6,214 4,194 1904 20 1,071 4,286 304 2,692 3,638 1904 96 2,460 2,787 673 1,913 4,075 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. CHAKLESTON- AU industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 120 116 108 2,737 2,874 3,450 5,165 4,824 $1,227 1,013 1,054 $3,334 4,229 3,748 $5,862 6,951 6,007 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing. . All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 88 V 9 8 20 18 2 15 64 61 55 367 324 369 169 198 134 1,874 1,908 2,473 850 898 $134 100 98 105 110 67 827 636 678 $264 277 202 99 110 72 2,644 3,272 3,123 $531 497 404 188 465 Bread and other bakery products. 19 20 23 3 3 3 56 5 24 134 253 252 64 56 40 139 136 182 77 137 57 81 83 28 20 16 76 66 112 240 505 275 28 24 11 69 41 65 366 750 457 73 58 40 194 166 243 464 468 279 Carriages and wagons 71 21 3,674 3,034 4,224 5,012 305 269 Foundry and machine- shop products. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914 '1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 71 64 41 49 41 36 2,228 2,350 2,393 1,428 1,182 1,204 9,330 7,363 $1,091 870 798 553 365 267 $4,225 3,296 2,642 2,435 1,228 1,101 $6,765 6,295 4,677 3,880 2,142 1,677 Spabtanbukg 1914 1909 1904 35 36 35 1,880 1,773 1,650 5,841 4,965 $548 499 348 $2,278 2,085 1,644 $3,473 3,276 2,128 GbeenvHiLE 4,087 2,674 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables" and "canning and preserving, oysters." 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * > Includes " automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water; " and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." * Includes "boxes, wooden Backing " and "lumber, plamng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." 6 Includes "structural ironwork, not made in steel wcrks or rclling mills.'; ■ /7;_ „_ _._X1/C\ « Includes "lumber, planing-mill products, not inclutoi^fa^ifl/i^^feqQiM^^ ' Figures do not agree with those published because iTwaBrQecessary to revifiB them m order to mclude data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. 1414 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS iNDusTEY AND an. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST BEPBESENTAirVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar Tied offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerics, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Uale. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. All industries.. Agricultural implements Boxes, wooden packing Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, building and fire brick . Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canning and preserving, oysters Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin and sheet-iron work Cotton goods Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Machine shops Furniture, wood, other than rattan and willow. Ga.s, illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills cormected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake Patent medicines and compounds . Paving materials Pottery, earthen and stone ware Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing andpublishing, newspapers and periodicals.' Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Turpentine and rosin Wood, turned and carved.. All other industries * 1,885 6 9 148 55 37 3 739 37 7 113 97 6 5 5 44 122 16 102 77,693 23 292 460 259 1,601 132 160 118 42 87 47,730 2,451 90 26 566 64 502 30 214 791 471 9 11,711 758 358 28 635 2,537 21 270 17 342 1,060 324 729 35 281 24 2,944 1,879 35 26 9 9 151 5 51 2 30 3 27 2 15 2 927 36 7 102 15 5 1,757 39 5 2 3 2 672 139 5 60 204 47 12 1 14 1 130 3 119 153 40 60 186 1 9 182 1 'ioo 328 11 48 ,71,914 14 279 25 439 209 73 1,431 111 85 26 71 46,448 2,050 30 16 482 54 428 26 136 771 368 7 10,400 629 283 18 391 2,037 11 245 10 655 180 475 221 21 2,645 Mh 77,256 Ja My De My Au 27 339 319 902 56 De 939 Fe 250 Mh 78 Ta 1,471 Mh 143 Au 93 My 36 De 76 Ja 47,772 Mh 4,859 ly 33 Ja< 17 Au< Jy Mh Au De Jy De< 63 493 39 151 847 537 9 Fe 11,766 Je Ap Ja< Ja< Au 296 20 438 3,379 12 10 247 De< Je< 181 484 Ja< My Oc 27 Au 68,285 6 206 De< Se Ja De Ja< Je6 No < 141 Au 65 Oc 1,3?2 No 82 Ja 77 Fe 14 My 67 Se 45,031 Au 982 Fei 27 Se< 13 Ja< 43 Mh 353 De< 4 Fe Ap 115 732 Ja 219 Ja< 5 No 9,097 De 518 Se ^/e Jy Oe< Oc Au 271 13 319 545 10 186 10 177 462 Se< 24 De 108 Ja 15 m 25 253 316 912 54 939 218 72 1,373 125 125 91 34 77 47,554 1,942 35 17 473 59 414 34 148 818 431 8 13,433 628 282 429 3,419 13 10 238 667 181 27 (.') 25 210 290 879 21 400 205 72 23 67 29 77 27,735 1,941 35 13 447 59 32 148 280 424 6 13,247 282 24 418 3,413 7 297 10 185 562 163 399 12,561 1 27 300 « 30 449 5 10 102 18 16 2 3 3,937 367 46 « 36 3,321 2 186 14 59 (») 54 1203,210,875 75,377 137,469 387,232 945,075 17,817 199,236 565,654 718,610 1,527,899 141,474 121,531 87,008 34,523 74,025 134,430,465 23,888,514 221,722 37,803 1,053,274 91,562 961,712 50,071 1,736,143 734,841 1,909,213 5,318 13,773,461 985,431 323,071 41,311 773,783 9,866,593 26,000 215,962 8,824 645,932 1,720,529 497,722 1,216,997 5,810 66,668 62,120 58,809 6,463,828 1 Owned power only. *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 3 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Bags, other than paper 2 Bafitng powders 1 Boots and shoes 1 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Brooms, from broom com 1 Butter 1 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Cement 1 Clothing, horse 1 Clothing, women's 1 ' No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing 3 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Cordage and twine 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Dyeing and flmshing textiles 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and . supplies 1 Engmes, steam, gas, and water 2 Flavoring extracts 1 Fumishmg goods, men's 1 Glass 1 Hand stamps 2 Jute goods 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1415 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- eom- bus- tion en- glnes.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. », 211,923 $1,666,544 $24,173,101 $192,410 $177,466 $1,286,492 $86,871,280 $4,137,716 $138,891,202 $47,882,206 340.224 207,480 6,577 4^,413 83,754 28,234 3,000 11,590 21,455 35,405 390 9.220 19,493 6,050 52,086 10,f65 7,333 3,000 4,333 1,680 1,285,675 311.363 6,456 3,780 44,364 4,224 40,140 1,200 32,354 18,400 80,210 1,600 1,275 8,151 17,726 945 11.552 2,400 105,903 1,836 7,375 4.000 3,375 3,250 399,106 287,901 2,688 2,480 20,816 1,533 19,283 450 4,625 26,780 344.763 64,305 16,060 700 79,799 320,646 6,550 22,773 175,364 33,959 11,023 35,848 154,005 750 7,855 39,908 125,476 50,050 74,026 1,400 1,200 6,895 1,200 219,279 27,891 159,307 103,694 54,113 1,500 6,706 70,613 114,477 199,615 3,253 72,171 109,650 32,127 31,144 48,387 31,728 16,659 39, 563 14,436,181 803,092 11,631 4,912 248,088 27,604 220,484 12,720 67,867 187, 121 163,558 3,486 3,799,041 251,023 127,051 6,950 149,519 639,331 2,966 67,090 3,583 146,053 384,477 110,428 274,049 134 360 14,782 115 1,010 208 495 3,008 7,046 600 36,952 609 1,538 'i,"538 973 12,549 8,109 4,440 1,690 480 13,600 715 1,980 6,640 667 5,973 420 2,687 1,326 122,955 2,120 2,527 180 157 40 530 5,435 12 2.530 1,245 1,400 840 20,678 6,503 3,661 678 19,914 4,653 1,590 1,532 60 11,363 25,342 7,106 18,236 960 474 121,414 12,713 41,429 6,433 940,784 465 593 5,200 1,480 655 'isjoes' 154 996 4.257 3,267 78 4,149 305 3,406 1,438 1,068 370 942 779,228 102,405 691 9,175 581 8,594 210 15,771 6,280 23,294 85 1,569 252 6,055 78, 133 311 935 25 5,463 12,211 3,910 8,241 60 712 513 566 142,288 8,027 104, 756 486.491 60,057 6,346 183,725 .267,764 '38,315 929,838 151,696 149,844 91,515 58,329 60,842 51,111,072 10,199,529 340,344 181,945 339, 719 25,242 314,477 12,404 43,272 484,251 115,063 1,625 2,707,233 975,847 114. 242 22,427 869,543 13,253,366 42,767 24,836 385 138,672 278,916 99,525 179,391 439 3,259 18,508 178,252 185 7,653 5,473 550 18,857 1,283 6,248 3,787 2,461 134 2,778,082 116,210 5,842 727 23,225 4,703 18,522 1,962 125,901 14,893 150,472 145 51,980 10. 155 13,654 509 12, 169 389,555 95 18,353 1,177 6,449 28,266 8,8.35 19,431 23,415 55,340 12,086 3,075,280 311 1.761 1,206 143,776 26,744 244,723 805,602 578,819 14, 171 330,893 499,591 80,552 2,064,141 214,559 344,318 226,204 118, 114 121.667 78,446,145 13,824,659 420,629 202,248 882,142 75,776 806,366 31,211 496,225 749,394 818,223 8,825 9,855,954 1,557,123 400,938 37,940 1,541,284 16,379,858 66,090 188,946 11,033 532,405 1,452,858 519,564 924,783 8,511 47,683 151,801 30,580 5,431,228 18.278 136, 708 300,603 340,510 7,640 139,515 226,354 41,687 1,115,446 61,580 188,226 130,902 57,324 60,691 24,556,991 3,508,920 74,443 19,576 519, 198 45,831 473,367 16,845 327,052 250,250 552,688 7,055 7,096,741 571,121 273,042 15,004 659,572 2,736,937 23,228 145,757 9,471 387,284 1,145,676 411,204 725,961 8,511 23,957 94, 700 17,288 2,212,172 82 587 278 2,950 347 313 91 842 176 91 85 4 231,220 ^ 7,576 1,046 965 75 77 509 5,271 3 46,399 2,565 60 325 24,690 2 1,760 53 197 740 248 492 12 555 10 2,333 40 297 60 261 560 50 768 10 SO 121,850 4,060 660 200 311 84 40,571 272 401 27 374 65 494 505 5,180 124 6 118 6 195 91 70 96 11 85 4 68,599 3,205 30 51 440 42 60 44,919 2,103 507 12 103 913 49 25 18,280 802 38 119 557 160 208 20 188 545 15 24 85 3 60 450 383 11 181 5,308 20 11 11 25 190 483 193 290 2 138 9,705 60 3,822 2 18 3,897 75 60 1,911 15 20,770 1,921 58 4,160 2 378 2 * Same number reported for one or more other months. ' None reported for one or more other months. • Same number reported throughout the year. Lead, bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Liquors, distilled, alcohol (including pure, neutral, or cologne spirits) — 1 Liquors, malt 1 Litmographing 1 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 1 Paper and wood pulp 1 Paper goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Pickles and sauces 1 Rice, cleaning and polishing 1 Roonng materials, metal stungles and ceilings 1 3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including re- pair work 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Steam packmg 1 Structural iron work, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Sugar, cane 1 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. . . 1 Surgical appliances Tobacco, cigars.. i; Umbrellas and canes Watches , Window and door screens Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Woolengoods 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1416 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH CAROLINA. Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDtJSTKT AND MTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE IND0STET. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAREST REFRESBNTATIVi:! DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- fend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. \ Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. CHABLESTOlfr— All industries. 120 3,230 Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons Confectionery and ice cream Food preparations, not elsewhere speoined. Foundry and machine-shop products . Lumber and timber products Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing, book and Job. Printing and;publishing, newspapers and periodicals. All other industries • 165 61 73 156 410 40 142 146 2,011 79 160 200 14 7 19 42 104 54 2,737 134 54 62 16 139 367 25 97 72 1,771 Au 2,821 No = Au Ja' Au Mh Jy3 Fe» Je» 149 64 70 17 170 402 28 104 74 Ja 2,675 Ja Ja Jy3 Ja Se Jas No Ja 102 54 54 13 75 313 22 90 2,776 145 54 68 17 156 371 26 92 73 1,774 2,100 140 52 49 13 155 371 25 65 67 1,163 524 20 2 484 56 54 !5, 775, 762 139,608 49,385 74,750 37.803 394,447 420,857 41,870 290,928 181,235 4,144,879 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1 28 71 49 35 1,255 2,571 1,636 2,015 17 60 32 14 37 108 75 46 62 166 84 67 3 29 17 8 1,146 2,228 1,428 1,880 Ja 1,295 Mh 2,780 Ja 1,472 My 1,928 Au 1,043 Au 1,732 De 1,371 No 1,793 1,178 2,233 1,417 1,814 769 1,880 832 1,108 257 282 444 444 80 67 80 137 72 14 61 125 $2,574,964 7,348,257 3,497,029 4,379,724 t Columbia s Greenville ... 4 1 Owned power only. *A11 other industries embrace- Baking powders 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad corn- Cars and general shop construction and repaurs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 2 Includes rented power, other than slectric. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cotton goods 1 Fertilizers 1 Oas, illuminating and heating 1 Hand stamps 1 Ice, manufactured 3 Jewelry 2 Jute goods 1 Liquors, malt 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURER-SOUTH CAROLINA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1417 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. "aerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $268,771 $180,964 $1,227,421 $1,066 $37,673 $107,945 $3,167,443 $166,286 $6,851,680 $2,517,951 5,165 4,012 5 1,148 3 1 15,804 6,000 6,000 3,780 13,420 29,-325 6,656 15,470 27,140 145,176 3,164 320 4.000 2,480 4,280 12,934 1,500 18,912 35,847 97,547 57,341 27,761 25.946 4,912 76,065 133,913 11,550 55,752 48,830 785,351 4,947 630 3,117 1,980 1,150 1,910 2,085 1,858 3,208. 16,788 2,248 191 897 691 3,898 4,239 377 3,131 , 1,899 90,374 232,567 26,976 78,689 181,945 63,432 253,194 49,678 53,188 40,767 2,187,007 7,398 1,433 3,306 727 6,011 796 544 1,712 3,763 140,596 365,864 72,649 176,061 202,248 193,648 531,381 92,462 193,865 269,657 3,753,845 125,899 44,240 94,066 19,576 124,205 277,391 42,240 138.965 225,127 1,426,242 77 71 131 51 305 850 21 72 116 3,471 6 72 71 61 51 112 1 80 4 5 193 850 6 7 21 72 81 617 3 8 66 1,000 35 2,854 10 11 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 155,570 208,308 106,893 $16,565 180.000 80,731 48.935 $391,527 1,090,945 553,369 548,499 $2,050 2,538 900 $5,542 19,317 17,768 7,961 $24,791 67,694 67,812 39,852 $1,187,166 4,035,954 2,343,623 2,187,592 $70,479 188.591 91,248 89,929 $1,903,562 6,764,982 3,879,953 3,473,135 $645,917 2,540,437 1,445,082 1,195,614 6,191 9,330 4,087 5,841 2,700 4,288 1,511 4,617 30 2,491 3,212 2,361 1,224 1,495 15 322 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Lithographing 1 MJarble and stone work 4 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 1 Patots 1 Patent medicines and compounds 2 Pickles and sauces 1 Rice, cleaning and polishing 1 " ' lery and harness 3 Shipbuilding, and wooden repair work 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Steam packing 1 Tobacco, cigars ,. 2 Umbrellas and canes 1 Watches 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® SOUTH DAKOTA. By Walter H. Booth. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — The gross area of South Dakota is 77,615 square miles, of which 76,868 represent land surface. Its population in 1900 was 401,570, in 1910, 583,888, and the estimated popula- tion in 1914 was 661,583. South Dakota ranked fourteenth in area and thirty-seventh in population in 1914. In 1914 the density of population was 8.6 inhabitants per square mile, as compared with 5.2 in 1900. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities or other incorporated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 76,673, or 13.1 per cent of the total, as against 10.2 per cent ia 1900. In 1914 there were two cities estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants; namely, Aberdeen and Sioux Falls. The aggregate population of these two cities — 29,525 — ^formed 4.5 per cent of the esti- mated total population of the state, and reported 47.9 per cent of its manufactured products. South Dakota is essentially an agricultural state. Lying in the Great Plains region, its surface, with the exception of the Black Hills district, varies from level plain to rolling upland. Agriculture is by far the most important industry. The total value of all farm crops grown in 1909 was $125,507,249, and of cereals alone $98,953,050; and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during that year was $38,359,140. South Dakota ranked fifth among the states in 1909 in the production of wheat. The United States Geological Survey reports for 1914 the mineral output of the state as valued at $7,861,601, of which gold and silver represented $7,431,191. The eastern part of the state and the mining regions of the southwestern part are well provided with trans- portation facihties. The Interstate Commerce Com- mission reported 4,238 miles of steam railway in 1914. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914, measured by the value of products of its manufacturing industries — $24,138,566— South Dakota ranked forty- fifth among the 48 states comprising continental United States, holding the same rank in respect to wage earners, with an average of 3,788 engaged in such industries. In 1909 the state ranked forty-sixth, both in value of products and average number of wage earn- ers. Of the total value of products manufactured in the United States in 1914, South Dakota's proportion was small, but one-tenth of 1 per cent, the same as in 1909 and 1904. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combiaed in South Dakota, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANOTACTUKING INDUSTKIE3. 1914 1909 1901 1899 PEK CENT OF mCEEASE.l 1909- 1914 1904r- 1909 1899- 1904 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries .' 1,020 Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) .Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) . 5,346 6,226 762 942 796 682 3,788 3,602 16,324 17,666 15,059,583 $13,017,932 3,462,869 2,913,133 834,717 615,621 2,628,152 2,297,612 51,329 196,243 353,275 239,705 17,079,357 11,476,350 24,138,566 17,870,135 7,059,209 6,393,785 3,582 649 441 2,492 11,154 $7,585,142 1,716,033 294,353 1,421,680 55,731 '100,807 8,696,831 13,085,333 4,388,602 [^ 2,224 11,775 $6,051,288 1,305,274 176,487 1,129,787 6,483,677 9,629,946 3,046,269 -12.0 2.3 -19.1 16.7 6.2 -7.6 15.7 18.9 35.6 14.4 -73.8 47.4 48.8 35.1 10.4 48.7 45.9 45.1 64.6 44.5 58.4 71.6 69.8 109.1 61.6 252.1 9.9 53.1 12.1 -5.3 25.3 31.5 67.7 25.8 32.0 36.6 45.7 34.1 37.3 44.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where comparable figures can not be given. ^ Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. All of the items except cost of materials show smaller increases from 1909 to 1914 than for the pre- ceding five-year period, while three show an actual decrease. The decrease in the number of establish- ments and proprietors and fi^ members is due chiefly to decreases in the artificial stone, the butter, and the flour-mill and gristmiU industries. Digitized by lyUom&Qft® Mills engaged exclusively in custom grinding for consumption in the immediate neighborhood should not be included in the census of manufactures, but it is not always possible to conduct the canvass in regard to the omission of these establishments on uniform lines ui all sections of the country at different (1419) 1420 MANUFACTURES— SOUTH DAKOTA. The value of products and value added by manufac- ture show an increase, although a smaller percentage from 1909 to 1914 than for the two preceding five-year periods. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS OF 19M. PEB CENT OF mCBEASE.l Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 19U 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 898 3,788 100.0 $24,138,666 100.0 $7,059,209 100.0 5.2 44.6 12.1 36.1 36.6 37.3 10.4 45.7 44 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products Butter 72 62 379 88 6 51 4 40 17 4 27 11 20 5 112 255 134 801 255 679 .281 106 197 80 71 63 29 60 24 854 6.7 3.6 21.2 6.7 15.3 7.4 2.8 5.2 2.1 1.9 1.7 0.8 1.6 0.6 22.5 5,556,996 2,920,342 2,135,580 1,266,121 1,177,759 860,143 545,710 434,028 379,543 362,128 225,953 174,750 169,011 162,749 7,777,763 23.0 12.1 8.8 6.2 4.9 3.6 2.3 1.8 1.6 L6 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 32.2 836,305 342,983 1,673,916 652,590 518,723 404,996 172,847 274,970 243,116 229,495 130,436 87,288 102,242 78,060 1,412,242 11.8 4.9 23.7 7.8 7.4 5.7 2.5 3.9 3.4 3.3 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.1 20.0 -10.5 -3.6 -2.9 -10.8 77.1 -37.7 -0.9 -3.0 -25.9 -17.9 -27.6 39.4 146.6 77.7 136.1 26.2 29.7 , 19.8 57.3 -48.5 -10.5 8.7 8.1 8.2 168.3 -9.0 36.5 -4.4 36.3 -40.3 8.1 -20.5 —24.9 60.9 -4.8 23.0 61.7 199.2 74.9 160.7 20.6 38.4 87.8 56.2 86.0 ""i.'s" 103.1 82.1 63.8 391.1 41.0 -23.8 "ee.'e" "38.'6" 50.7 -14.9 -4.2 -9.3 10.1 25.7 89.4 -32.0 34.1 -5.2 53.8 -38.9 -io.'s' -32.9 32.2 -24.9 8.0 55.1 158.8 128.3 112.9 -8.5 44.3 58.0 56.9 60.5 188.2 -9.0 121.6 67 5 Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 240.0 31 9 Lumber and timber products —7.6 Tobacco, cigars 21.6 29.5 67.0 riflj^, illnTnmfl,tiTigfl.Tnl hAHting Liquors, malt ". —1.2 Mineral and soda waters 52.8 -76.0 -36."6' 80.8 -61.0 Foundry and macliine-shop products . . Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 23; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or when comparable figures can not be given. Separate statistics are presented for 14 industries, or industry groups, each with products valued at more than $150,000 in 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceediag $5,000,000 in value, 4 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 9 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. In- cluded under the head of "aU other industries," are several having products in excess of $100,000, the sta- tistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual establishments. Among these industries are the fol- lowing: Automobile bodies and parts, patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations, and slaughtering and meat packing, the latter being one of the most important industries in the state. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given, if based on the average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Flour-mill and grist- mill products, which ranked first in value, was fourth in number of wage earners, and second in value added by manufacture. Printing and publishing, third in value, was first in wage earners and value added by manufacture. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies, fifth in value, was second in wage earners and fourth in value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products, there were a few changes ia 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown ^r^i^hrfi'h^ mill and gristnuU products. Butter, priirting ^dpuli- lishing, and bread and other bakery products held the same rank at both censuses. Flour-miU and gristmiU products. — ^This industry, which excludes custom imUs grinding for toU or local consumption, continues to lead in value of products among the industries shown. In 1914 the value of products represented less than one-fourth of the total for all industries in the state as agaiost more than one-third in 1909, there being a decrease of $651,220,' or 10.5 per cent, duriog the five-year period. Butter. — During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase in the value of products of $234,831, or 8.7 per cent, but a decrease of $34,495, or 9.3 per cent, in value added by manufacture. The average number of xage earners decreased from 139 in 1909 to 134 in 1914. Printing and publishing. — ^This industry embraced over two-fifths of the total number of establishments in the state, and gave employment to 801 wage earn- ers, the largest number shown among the industries reported. Of the 379 establishment^, 363 were en- gaged in the publication of newspapers and periodicals, and 16 operated job printing ofl&ces only. There was an increase of $159,604, or 8.1 per cent, in value of products, from 1909 to 1914, and of $154,434, or 10.1 per cent, in value added by manufacture, while the average nuikber of wage earners decreased 2.9 per cent. Bread and other bakery products.— T\nB industry shows an increase, frorn 1909 to 1914, in value of products and in value added by manufacture, but the yT^gjf^g^^^ablishments and the average number of wage earners show sHght decreases. Included in this MANUFACTURES— SOUTH DAKOTA. 1421 industry is one establishment engaged almost ex- clusively in the production of biscuits and crackers. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. — This industry represents the work done in the repair shops operated by steam- railroad companies, and consists almost exclusively of repairs to the rolling stock and equipment. It does not include minor repairs made in roundhouses. The value of products represents practically the expen- ditures in salaries, wages, and materials. The industry employed 579 wage earners in 1914 and was exceeded in this respect by only one industry — printing and publishing. Lumber and timier products. — -This industry em^ braces 34 estabHshments operating sawmills, and the logging connected therewith, and 17 operating planing mills not connected with sawmiUs. The depletion of the forests naturally reduces the output in the lumber industry, and the decline of the industry in South Dakota is no doubt due to this cause. From 1909 to 1914 there was a decrease in value of products, aver- age number of wage earners, and value added by manu- facture. In 1909 this industry employed an average of 451 wage earners as compared with 281 in 1914. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTIFACTirE- ING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 5,346 5,226 4,712 4,688 634 638 88.1 87.8 11.9 12.2 Proprietors and officials 1,061 1,227 1,025 1,188 36 39 96.6 96.8 3.4 3.2 Proprietors and Ann members. . Salaried officers of corporations.. Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 762 942 71 96 228 189 497 397 3,788 3,602 730 906 70 95 225 187 352 255 3,335 3,145 32 36 1 1 3 2 145 142 453 457 95.8 96.2 98.6 99.0 98.7 98.9 70.8 64.2 88.0 87.3 4.2 3.8 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 29.2 35.8 12.0 12.7 16 years of age and over 3,731 3,558 57 46 3,283 3,099 52 46 448 457 5 88.0 87.1 91.2 100.0 12.0 12.9 8.8 In 1914 the number of persons engaged in manu- factures was 5,346, of whom 3,788 were wage earners, 1,061 were proprietors and officials, and 497 were clerks. Of the wage earners, 3,335 were males and 453 females, or 88 per cent and 12 per cent, respec- tively. Figures for individual industries will be found in Table 24. Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 tal914, and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Vable 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANXTrACTTTRING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ATI nlfv^s'*--'! 2.3 2.7 -0.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Prnprietnrs atiH nfRci'nls -13.5 -19.1 -13.7 -19.4 19.8 14.2 1.3 4.3 9.3 70.9 69.8 1.1 23.5 18.0 1.8 3.6 7.6 68.9 68.0 0.9 21.8 15.5 1.5 4.8 7.5 70.8 69.7 1.1 25.9 19.7 2.1 4.1 5.6 68.5 67.5 1.0 5.7 5.0 0.2 0.6 22.9 71.5 70.7 0.8 6 1 "^Proprietors and iirm members 6.6 0.2 0.3 22.3 71.6 71.6 Salaried officers of corporations .*?npp.riTiteTi 1909- 1914. 193 104 3,107 1,863 66.8 Owned . . - 90 67 1 22 103 103 65 64 1 39 39 2,715 2,683 2 30 392 391 1 1,801 1,797 5 50 7 49.3 Internal combustion Rented 61 61 Electric Electric— generated in establishments re- porting 297 870 ' Percentages are omitted, where base is less than 100. Table 33 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 33 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of KIND. 1911 1909 increase,' 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Tons (2,240 lbs.)... Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Tons (2,000 lbs.).... 315 39,431 280 64 16,897 Rif.nTTliTlnnR r.nF\^ 29,396 313 94 9,108 34 1 Coke —10 5 Oil Gas 1,000 feet 85 5 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted, where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. 1451 GENERAL TABLES. Table 34 gives for 1914, 1909, and 1904 the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, similar data for aU industries combined. Table 35 presents for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual estabhshments, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 34.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. nrousTBT AOT) aiY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages, Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Agricultural implements. Bags, other than paper . . Boxes and cartons, paper. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Coflee,roastiag and grind- ing. CofBns, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Coke, not including gas- house coke. Confectionery. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere speclned. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cotton goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 4,775 4,609 3,175 17 16 12 4 5 6 6 151 131 81 77 97 92 62 37 16 lOS 129 97 17 17 16 32 34 32 35 31 25 22 19 125 2 71 57 35 15 17 16 688 1,148 702 1,226 1,229 871 6,486 5,201 3,561 DyestufEs and extracts... Fertilizers . Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigera- tors. Gas, illuminating and heating. Hosiery and knit goods... Ice, manufactured. Iron and steel, blast fur- naces. Leather goods. Lime. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work . . . Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters.. 1914 1909 1904 6 6 5 365 336 259 4,065 4,119 2,541 $173 156 103 $770 042 362 1914 1909 1904 15 12 10 706 559 781 3,762 2,152 1,970 329 204 210 2,692 2,122 1,712 1914 1909 1904 612 454 387 1,497 1,577 1,695 28,246 27,176 23,441 642 669 591 22,072 25,286 21,912 1914 1909 33 23 523 308 4,886 1,661 242 133 8,264 2,711 1914 1909 1904 S142 124 100 4,309 4,041 3,313 10,406 7,488 4,742 2,385 2,006 1,482 4,696 4,560 2,854 1914 1909 1904 68 42 140 2,172 2,419 2,610 6,187 3,768 3,623 959 897 923 1,727 1,448 1,409 1914 1909 1904 12 11 11 506 422 358 665 613 624 292 164 127 618 357 204 1914 1909 1904 26 22 16 5,690 3,117 1,810 4,754 2,758 1,052 1,527 724 341 4,399 2,120 969 1914 1909 1904 70 57 37 927 779 382 13,056 9,327 6,512 492 362 191 405 281 123 1914 1909 1904 6 13 13 503 1,143 1,358 6,580 18,150 21,011 233 519 546 1,682 3,381 2,609 1914 1909 1904 <70 47 36 517 .604 729 428 344 268 260 243 268 1,169 1,313 966 1914 1909 1904 9 20 17 432 416 416 670 668 605 137 139 118 108 93 121 1914 1909 1904 4 5 4 337 392 357 2,765 3,005 1,774 228 238 162 490 663 437 1914 1909 1904 =1,972 1,977 1, 122 18,276 22,389 17,277 84,046 83,382 52,831 6,853 6,966 6,466 14,776 13,641 11,690 1914 1909 .1904 97 81 32 1,273 1,006 681 4,601 2,781 1,204 632 615 331 520 480 339 1914 1909 1904 20 17 12 316 272 237 760 1,690 217 149 104 72 639 362 216 1914 1909 1904 86 83 36 276 269 164 477 251 83 140 101 66 770 361 178 $1,636 1,313 720 4,372 3,249 2,701 26,414 29,070 25,351 9, 955 3,346 9,802 9,190 6,124 3,740 3,309 3,238 1,571 1,282 7,523 3j665 1,628 1,762. 1,324 684 2,245 4,653 3,428 1,851 2,139 1,787 357 323 326 1,345 2,044 1,832 31,430 30,457 26,864 1,689 1,465 944 666 436 1,263 780 450 ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes "stamped and enameled ware," not elsewhere specified, and "tinware, "not elsewhere specified „J, „■,',' ^l}^?^''^'i?I-^P^^"°3"A "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "gas machines and gas and water meters"; "hardware"; "hardware saddlerv"- "ironaT,rt<,tPBi cast-iron pipe' ; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolltag mills '-'^ ' "^°°™"^^t'=el' t§ttm©4^bf'^Micros€^^^ 74,373 517 3 202 46 41 471 14 27 281 1,152 431 721 1,640 116 381 657 714 710 4 7,201 92 411 170 920 774 146 508 307 12 3,403 106 366 706 1,497 623 274 226 3,072 1,366 1,706 2,172 506 927 603 34 432 337 14, 462 3,012 1,273 316 60 276 1,054 17 84 Ap 77,312 Ja Je Jy6 Jy5 Jy Ap6 Ja5 Se 621 <3 303 47 59 681 16 28 321 Au Jy 477 752 Jy 2,054 Au 122 Se 1,394 Ja 725 Mh 775 M Ap 355 Au 7,420 Fe Ja Jy Ja 1,715 111 422 186 De 823 Jy 198 Mh 522 Oo 334 14 Oo 3,473 Mh 109 No 399 Ap 1,291 Au 1,626 Oo 385 De5 26 De 307 Au 1,486 Jy 1,792 My 2,508 My 595 Ap 6,091 Jy 1,437 Je 639 <34 Au 448 Jy 422 Mh 15, 184 Je 3, 212 1,353 339 Fe 64 Jy 365 No 1,957 No* 18 Ap= 91 De 68,203 No Ja Ja Ja No Se Oca 464 43 46 44 27 395 12 25 De 248 303 664 Ja 1, 174 Oc Ja' 112 28 De 470 De Fe 577 286 No 6,734 No No No 1,355 Ap 159 Ja Jy Mh Ja 732 97 492 268 10 Mh 3,334 De 5 102 Ja 321 Je 446 My 1,367 Je Ja5 Se 199 23 No 1,167 De 1,500 De 1,648 Mh 394 De 5,201 Ja 478 De 396 4 34 Fe 412 De 181 De 12, 769 De 2,724 De 1,196 De 257 De De Au Ja5 Ja 54 208 m 539 278 1,156 436 721 1,950 130 1,412 671 721 717 4 321 7,221 1,627 105 416 197 987 820 167 612 304 13 3,454 103 389 717 '1,532 590 260 306 3,020 1,324 1,696 2,207 639 5,700 999 647 34 442 361 19,002 3,101 1,304 322 62 306 « 225 46 154 14 19 135 816 173 643 1,907 121 415 662 716 712 4 317 7,206 46 391 197 619 468 151 496 304 13 1,721 46 389 717 1,624 574 251 19 304 3,011 1,315 1,696 2,153- 539 1,886 994 638 30 442 361 18, 889 2,884 1,304 272 -16 299 1,812 15 m -17 337 "io 140 330 262 1,364 69 365 350 15 10 T,374 57 3,343 4 1 188 m 43 10 192 185 1 9 112 23 m 25 167 13 $211,423,167 11 ^hown for reasons given in "Explanation of terms.' 1,727,111 10,550 128,081 69,861 69,923 1,588,086 50,341 30,149 329,361 1,743,399 620,818 1,222,581 3,008,183 95, 155 297,428 1,362,982 1,881,095 1,874,920 6,175 369,931 6,028,029 1,778,953 * 466, 293 1,358,066 661,358 1,843,243 1,529,710 313,533 606,367 418,554 102,012 7,142,847 534,553 2,101,854 6,460,457 10,338,947 2,892,798 1,849,035 24,214 1,019,649 7,885,782 2,521,439 5,364,343 4,634,602 13,634,170 6,064,071 ',556,740 3,936,893 50,822 431, 145 2,081,889 22, 609, 433 6,065,005 1,473,553 629, 750 204,803 707,054 5,076,407 66,309 532,996 MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1455 EXPENSES, Salaries and wages. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. For contract . work. Rent and taxes. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. For materials. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Value of products Value , added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power In- gene- ternal Water rated Steam com- wheels Electric in Total. en- bus- and (rent- estab- gines.! tion en- gines.2 mo- tors.! ed). ments report- ing. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 16,789,573 36,039,118 48,410 1,000 12,691 8,136 42,543 2,240 34,133 83, 656 16,045 67,611 104,013 5,565 7j716 56,537 67, 740 67, 740 8,050 157,627 99,404 45,650 54,687 9,670 137,813 104,575 33,238 17,812 28,811 12,371 36,970 46,249 70,235 229,405 94,532 42,168 1,974 50,390 366,258 156,596 209,662 J75, 696 46,126 183,660 131,266 49,447 500 35,290 43, 403 629,056 279,648 71,813 52.282 12,600 54,663 161,709 7,775 32,764 40,293 8,891 2,476 1,830 81,094 1,694 720 22,990 133, 692 96,249 37, 343 34,297 3,560 4,525 21,724 32,646 32,646 7,380 271,445 171,115 92,785 68,460 3,360 210,469 196, 086 14,383 6,800 23,496 9,220 35,584 58,645 14,248 125, 772 206, 141 165,282 110,608 2,681 52, 093 329, 950 107,285 222,666 143,563 97,861 130, 335 62,357 27,346 300 1,140 41,593 366,875 169,201 33,566 50,430 833,082,987 252, 1, 84, 34, 20, 156, 10, 12, 92, 527, 150, 377, 704,444 63, 61, 295, 378, 376, 132,874 4,622,354 457,984 39,825 227,447 74,461 382, 858 300, 074 82,784 122,646 185,139 7,637 1,046,920 43,716 173, 368 329, 174 642,485 242,442 116,384 9,045 118,013 1, 669, 195 650,964 1,018,231 959,013 292, 127 1,527,474 492,037 232, 912 30, 642 136, 599 228,305 5,129,412 1,353,149 632,370 148,808 3,804 26,196 106,159 3,228 29,716 t Same number 21,518 140,036 418,517 8,289 48,158 $2,100,640 185 "45 1,876 1,876 10,853 500 1,904 292 292 53,407 160 40 120 22,126 1,038 5,682 9,376 4,733 45,061 37, 932 67 7,062 17,683 3,064 14,519 6,416 62,750 17,000 1,046 1,466,088 22,522 30,571 12 1,369 6,881 $755, 924 1,068 1,169 7,767 3,941 792 2,190 2,690 7,940 67, 798 13,300 64,498 2,359 4,264 912 802 23,380 22,980 400 19,664 14,468 56,636 41,820 14,716 1,968 19, 879 6,632 17 4,802 3,416 11,273 8,714 1,403 1,740 5,571 25,148 4,735 20,413 13,162 180 8,323 14,805 6,119 22,219 16,798 8,791 14,972 4,836 11,271 388 3,240 2,380 $2,768,490 13, 782 11 1,143 546 387 7,753 209 109 2,606 15,350 3,962 ,11,388 12,469 887 1,226 8,606 13,291 13,244 47 7,245 22,455 6,608 4,079 8,971 3,664 18, 112 16,329 2,783 3,596 2,596 735 34,197 4,030 16,190 21,535 18,266 9,499 501 8,266 52,345 -16,070 36,275 24,801 94,414 23,016 38, 660 14, 227 2,423 180,481 112, 153 41,578 8,382 3,933 1,615 11,859 36,107 351 3,268 $118, 301, 172 365,044 2,611 158, 069 18, 177 103,647 2, 797, 664 79,756 6,912 336,348 2,334,503 677, 614 1,666,989 222,271 132,895 356,459 .670,038 696, 941 591, 316 6,626 145,319 4,447,016 1,611,983 1,193,456 526,714 6,062 2,235,639 1,821,465 414, 174 491,677 342,949 118,540 4,412,106 349,991 674, 683 2,537,847 21,846,248 8,162,765 5,834,229 42,777 2,275,759 2,821,626 1,178,671 1, 642, 955 1, 679, 613 170,060 4,323,380 165,440 856,942 39, 272 51,107 433,404 9,138,847 4,509,369 456,571 525,729 61, 909 759,161 9,059,085 44, 495 378,212 $5,128,963 159 2,825 2,459 921 8,798 1,079 640 5,337 57,842 13,007 44,835 282,746 1,969 4,487 21,484 21,188 2,267 139,333 13,500 6,310 10,960 507,098 44,099 28,469 15,630 1,799 3,626 778 141, 963 1,236 95,635 53, 892 225,473 111,058 39,834 720 70,604 147,551 76,084 71, 467 47, 765 76, 790 249, 648 824, 993 866 56, 440 56,415 53, 792 50,965 63,449 13,084 664 11,212 142,404 946 $212,071,489 1,121,694 15,123 300,323 94, 619 169,616 3,245,504 115, 055 40,055 569,076 4,092,664 1,276,315 2,816,349 1,637,972 252,349 496,225 1,282,377 1,395,004 1,379,789 15, 215 300,852 9,688,409 2,872,617 1,648,199 1,145,894 605, 3,758, 2, 989, 768, 687, 6,485, 685, 1,536, 4, 372, 26,413, 9,965, 6,843, 084 480 507 973 966 1,760 1,276 640 027 603 427 674 360 847 68,630 3,042,873 6, 345, 881 2,739,180 3,606,701 3, 739, 558 1, 671, 006 7,622,846 1, 762, 193 2,245,329 97, 267 356,829 1,345,386 21,679,782 7,859,496 1,689,315 981,407 131,943 1,263,128 11,414,243 89, 171 $88,641,354 730, 12, 139, 73, 65, 439, 34, 32, 227, 1,700, 586, 1,114, 1, 132, 955 117, 135, 603, 776, 767, 153,266 6,102,061 1,247,134 448,433 608,220 91,924 1,478,742 1,139,573 339, 169 194, 589 443,185 109,968 1, 931, 671 333,800 765, 286 1, 780, 688 4,341,853 1,691,527 969, 784 25,133 696, 610 3, 376, 704 1,484,425 1,892,279 2,012,180 1, 052, 703 3, 123, 676 1, 357, 205 563, 394 57, 130 249,282 855,567 12, 487, 143 3, 299, 162 1,169,295 442,694 69,370 492, 765 2,212,764 43, 730 10,994 620,889 231,683 reported throughout^%'QM[f/7gW hw fl^i'/^^(ej,m»B^ifc^ reported 286, 857 216, 156 3,448 .9,395 57,868 25, 249 1,450 6 250 119 19 395 54 12 ' 213 887 314 673 4,892 53 738 3,099 1,122 1,112 10 441 6,323 561 331 961 493 1,895 1,247 648 991 62 40 12,311 20 4,065 3,752 28,246 4,886 1,666 14 3,206 7,545 2,624 4,921 6,187 665 4,754 13,056 6,580 10 670 2,765 69,788 11,613 4,601 750 4 477 10,802 12 1.180 810 27 613 6 22 83 19 395 39 12 183 643 129 514 498 35 40 "'93' 90 3 188 32 40 4 16 30 230 185 45 4,324 ""n?" 2,859 661 661 14 14 70 18 21 10 99 91 8 230 462 460 2 441 2,177 319 306 31 ■■■■-■ 10 75 2,601 4,106 157 26 930 485 547 369 178 970 9,428 40 10 76 8 10 1,338 878 460 •17 57 30 2,658 20 60 60 ""225' 687 ""394' 208 148 6 6 1,009 163 866 552 134 310 47 10 4 5 10 226 3,665 1,952 16,746 2,316 975 400 25 930 90 '7,' 697" 1,775 2,873 2,481 691 14. 1,776 3,920 1,487 2,433 2,413 10 1,551 501 1,340 3,521 1,102 2,419 3,690 645 3,203 12,446 6,680 90 84 15 69 84 20 19 90 10 520 2,765 67,823 9,693 3,364 100 150 758 1,576 70 165 5' 568 "'356' 440 65 132 956 80 569 1,675 1,105 650 4 199 20 12 240 221 10,659 54 123 3 940 for one or more other months. 1456 MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. Table 35 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- merits. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTKY. WAGE EAENERS DEC. 16, OE NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofH- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Patent medicines and compounds. Paving materials Perfumery and cosmetics Photo-engraving Pottery Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book pubUshing and printing, including linotype work. Printing and pabllsning, news- papers and periodicals. Printing and pubUshing Printing, pubUshing and job printing. PubUshing without printing Saddlery and harness Shirts Slaughtering and meat packtog Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. . Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Trunks and vaUses Vinegar and cider Wood, turned and carved. . Woolen goods All other industries* 62 12 11- 6 5 1,043 248 49 56 61 29 8 5 i' 78 13 6 8 6 29^ 4 7 2 126 6 1 516 223 26 42 48 142 1,598 124 109 143 61 1,161 133 9 1,556 42 121 3 105 4 140 3 61 1,129 32 282 2,417 265 126 431 155 1,440 492 942 24 193 782 1,428 14 211 35 56 192 168 49 51 65 63 7 6 18 13 13 207 567 29 72 255 1,722 456 40 61 10 3 25 17 6 35 36 71 46 55 11 6 413 19 58 199 1,412 379 4 12 54 27 6 15 188 39 1 4 51 6 25 240 30 3 8 1 198 7 6 24 17 228 134 65 614 1,123 9,136 5 4 18 13 157 10 5 25 25 359 13 27 12 12 614 2 1 4 4 131 104 28 655 1,069 7,875 My Je Ap My Fe 569 261 33 44 84 My 1,162 De 43 De Se Fe Ja» 503 959 509 21 Mh 65 No 278 Ap 1,532 Ja 503 Ja Fe Mh Ja 234 128 32 606 Ja 1, 190 De De Ja No 3 De No 1,092 Au 25 Au Aua 485 929 313 17 Jy 46 Ap 172 De 1, 262 De 263 No No My 3 My Oc 175 73 25 484 946 519 223 26 40 68 1,164 1,121 43 1,425 460 959 6 468 21 56 305 1,490 419 199 96 28 604 1,155 234 223 8 37 68 901 858 43 1,228 446 776 6 434 21 2 282 1,479 419 170 83 28 571 613 268 2 15 15 1 2 2 1 260 260 3 3 183 14 169 13 1 13 1 18 10 6 42 23 .2 10 11 26 8 3 5 26 476 7 43 "'23' $3,007,693 226,750 131,853 39,725 246,940 2,095,332 2,000,716 94, 616 5,063,767 1,587,237 3,044,269 432, 261 1,228,908 14, 950 44, 966 567,628 2,453,946 1,330,276 174,945 182,768 268,182 551,085 1,984,504 55, 782, 569 *A11 other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts 3 Automobiles 1 Babbitt metal 1 Baking powders 2 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes, wooden, packing 13 Brass and bronze products 3 Brushes, toilet 1 Butter 2 . Buttons 2 Carpets, rag 1 Cars, steam-raUroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 2 Cement 2 Charcoal, not including production in the lumber and wood distillation in- dustries 3 Chemicals 6 Cleansing and polishing preparations. 3 Clothing, women's .'. . 1 Cordage and twine 2 Corsets 1 Dairymen's supplies 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies ". 3 Electroplating 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 3 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 2 Explosives 2 Flavoring extracts 6 Furnishing goods, men's 3 Gas fixtures 3 Gas machines and gas and water meters 2 Glass 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornar menting 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 1 Hair work 2 Hand stamps 3 Hardware 1 Hardi^are, saddlery 1 House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified 3 Ink, printing 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolUng mills 1 Iron and steel, cast-iron pipe 2 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 9 Lithographing 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 MEMPHIS— All industries Artificial limbs - . 354 10,269 256 459 978 187 8,389 Mh 8,776 De 7,960 9,070 8,247 800 10 13 $44,435,414 3 3 45 5 10 16 13 3 17 6 4 6 20 6 11 17 7 5 4 11 4 6 23 661 64 378 451 399 52 117 22 81 241 499 424 80 1,064 89 175 66 677 78 2 3 39 5 4 10 7 3 17 3 1 8 16 8' 8 9 3 1 1 3 1 14 3 16 33 26 7 11 4 11 11 20 19 9 44 3 10 3 34 10 1 3 19 531 43 339 308 272 36 74 9 63 189 437 377 58 932 74 138 52 578 48 De No Se <3 20 660 47 414 No Ja Je» De V 13 18 404 40 282 3 20 638 44 321 327 284 43 68 10 61 265 427 303 61 887 76 150 54 988 47 3 14 333 39 320 206 166 40 68 10 61 263 427 300 66 887 76 128 54 976 42 6,275 17,625 883,467 27,348 1,156,363 821, 119 707,356 113,763 206,233 48,872 331,125 760,340 1,029,701 744,840 244,874 2,826,724 64,058 263,648 65,825 2,276,402 275,952 s Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Bread and other bakery products. . . 1 68 2 14 87 83 4 13 3 6 29 18 24 5 69 1 19 9 59 13 9 1 6 13 11 2 2 3 8 4 11 2 5 1 5 4 6 205 5 121 118 3 4 5 6 Carriages and wagons and materials . Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream 1 8 De3 II Mh Mh De Ja Au Ja Ap No Je Se De Se 292 72 82 11 69 265 559 567 84 1,015 79 147 62 986 51 s;3 Ja No 3 De3 Se De Ja Se De Mh De No Au De3 245 18 60 8 56 130 272 «187 37 713 70 113 44 210 47 q 10 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cordials and flavoring sirups Flour-mill and gristmiU products. . . Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Ice, manufactured n 1'' 13 2 14 I'i 3 5 16 Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work 17 18 19 Mattresses and spring beds 22 20 Mineral and soda waters 21 Ojl, cottonseed, and cake 12 5 22 Paints 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1457 ' EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wSges. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. ■ J Officials. aerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors-.i Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. n 80, 823 17,280 11,300 11,650 6,143 233,160 223,052 10, 108 241,482 105,551 85, 176 50,755 45,685 7,600 17,315 126,734 44,850 4,019» 14,600 16,500 34,159 38,978 786,417 S521.238 3,984 11,717 3,675 2,002 175,571 173,291 2,280 558,499 231,437 241,168 85,894 46,332 5,885 10,414 184,416 39,857 10,606 13,300 52,687 13,088 25,632 876,272 $196,520 87,692 8,455 38,084 19,606 905,173 876,946 28,227 930, 270 387,776 538,458 4,036 226,228 12,579 19,302 87,357 866, 831 280,328 106,908 33,463 14,750 237,417 288,557 3,827,672 tl,438 553 38,037 19,712 18.325 188,247 7,084 3,236 177,927 1,000 2,750 21,798 850 468 62,003 129,706 2,673 2,342 4,568 90, 170 87,311 2,859 71,699 19,316 45,581 6,802 20,018 1,456 2,860 684 5,930 10,632 3,186 4,520 3,970 505 460 71,887 t34,837 982 2,933 208 1,029 13,836 13,193 643 32,835 16,961 15,176 5,347 158 160 4,604 32,055 6,560 30, 895 991 1,027 3,673 11,282 1,623,420 $1,384,895 36, 472 79,511 12,890 7,444 930,320 926, 413 3,907 1,268,311 582,096 631,185 55,030 1,043,184 80,138 30,699 1,540,077 921,061 739, 156 113,436 105,424 212,350 534,031 893, 867 15,629,767 $7,810 11,946 625 1,561 7,905 32,238 29,571 2,667 53,105 21,468 31,024 613 8,632 1,802 725 21,371 64,535 25,278 559 1,558 2,762 1,845 29,447 915,581 $4,025,646 212,019 231, 772 97,222 57, 459 '2,961,956 2,845,262 116,693' 5,077,180 2,107,323 2, 409, 174 560,683 1,624,813 122, 144 92,055 1,889,091 2,795,359 1,554,601 322,278 226,307 391,954 908, 628 1,546,591 31,217,143 $2,632,941 163,601 151,636 82,771 42, 110 1,999,397 1,889,278 110,119 3,755,764 1,503,759 1,746,965 506,040 572,997 40,204 60,731 327,643 1,809,763 790,167 208,283 119,326 176,842 372,652 623, 277 14,671,795 736 1,189 46 23 303 156 818 4 3 41 577 330 42 23 300 3 1,128 25 17 1 1,085 69 1,119 9 1,695 25 17 1 1,076 9 1,289 69 27 225 171 10 640 1,054 188 37 6 165 ....... 446 842 27 1 328 65 18 1,213 1,638 1,392 1 252 25 18 102 1,193 640 4' 1,488 50 40 25 1 1,107 445 750 4 2 75 100 86 1,790 2,302 52,704 75 53 37 36 808 20,631 "'i69' 13,412 47 45 1,728 1,412 31,752 4 26 37 129 ""45" 192 Lubricating greases 1 Minerals and earths, ground 3 Mirrors, framed and untramed 4 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 4 Ou, essential 1 on, hot elsewhere specified 1 FicMes and sauces 1 Poultry, killing and dressing 4 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 1 Regalia and society badges and em- bleins.l 1 Rice, cleaning and polishing 1 Roofing materials 1 Saws 4 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 3 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 8 Smelting and refining, copper 2 Soap 3 Soda-water apparatus 2 Stamped and enameled ware, not else- where specified 3 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stereotyping and electrotyping 3 Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids ... 1 Surgical appliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 3 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 6 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl; 26 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Toys and games 2 Typewriters and supplies 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, not else- where specified 2 Wall plaster 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Window and door screens 4 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework 3 Wood distillation^ not Including tur- pentine and rosm 1 Woolshoddy 1 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 35,835 3,795 40,065 63,739 41,439 12,300 19,743 8,271 15, 916 19,416 32,076 40,600 16,420 95, 198 7,200 26,522 7,200 75,328 20,46-4 $1,281,316 720 85,982 2,500 20,393 99,028 94,654 4,374 14,425 4,100 4,040 34,452 28,799 26,778 6,135 87J81 ^80 87 J8: :^8( 35,026 2,960 53,-926 20,380 $4,901,358 1,140 8,824 237,314 21,620 205,521 142,985 117, 730 25,255 59,000 6,607 36,229 98,753 264,122 200,830 36,930 537,468 64,346 72,893 31, 125 230, 708 $48, 593 1,760 3,056 15,032 874 $223,867 758 1,180 34,402 2,068 5,000 30,014 22,810 7,204 8,642 4,844 600 1,200 6,608 10,000 7,526 5,658 420 12,374 1,060 $1,052,952 10 77 7,451 689 11,648 6,046 5,568 488 1,739 349 2,807 8,077 7,121 14,319 1,637 16,066 442 1,928 19,805 2,092 $22,400,491 2,036 6,026 817,322 67,055 360,411 781,285 720,300 60,985 129,963 67, 736 1,131,412 2, 987, 461 585,941 14,964 172,304 1,565,484 272, 185 173,077 5,343,754 214,220 $604,506 3 Same number reported for one or other months. 99 441 25,960 857 6,177 20,920 12,965 •7,966 1,934 640 11, 119 41,268 23,162 92,334 1,890 11,360 4,560 6,836 1,742 64,642 3,334 $39,133,497 8,123 27,210 1,709,399 103,664 796,265 1, 427, 753 1, 247, 809 179, 944 326, 745 134, 175 1,253,008 3,464,786 1, 275, 963 506,236 282,765 2,960,903 138,567 499,214 268,204 6,521,895 391,848 $16,128,500 6,988 20,744 866, 117 45, 752 429,677 625,548 514, 554 110, 994 194,848 65,799 110, 477 436,067 666,850 398, 948 108,571 1,384,069 97,627 220,193 93,385 1,113,499 174,294 24,693 4 6 334 15 930 850 734 116 38 35 1,114 1,812 637 2,990 59 4,262 115 311 22 4,312 286 185 '799 295 220 , 76 1,075 1,165 678 2,925 3,950 SO 4,192 240 25 120 < The same number reported throughout the year. 82101°— 18- -92 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 6,315 4 6 146 9 131 555 514 41 34 25 35 647 50 65 34 312 35 311 22 3,683 1,293 125 1,151 20 151 1458 MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPEE3ENTAT1VK DAY. 1 Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OE 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 23 25 MEMPHIS— Continued. Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspa- pers and periodicals. AD other industries * 24 251 12 24 40 20 155 28 402 19 40 38 16 289 19 374 18 IS •98 26 217 83 4,056 66 124 362 48 3,456 My My De 182 311 224 De Oo No 117 263 207 122 277 224 3,797 75 242 213 3,454 44 35 9 326 12 $1,659,922 578,347 955, 684 29,190,670 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 1 Artificial stone products 3 Awnings, tents, and sails 4 Bags, other than paper 2 BeHing, leather 3 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass and bronze products 1 Brushes, toilet 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Danies 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . 1 Chemicals 3 Cleansing and polishing operations... 1 Clothing, men's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Coffins, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods 1 Cooperage 1 Electrical macliinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Fertilizers 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Furniture 5 Gas, illuminating and heating 3 UTASHVUXE— AU industries Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick Brooms Carriages and wagons and materials. Clothing, men's, including shirts... . CoSee, roasting and grinding Confeotionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Flour-mill and gristmill products . . . Food preparations, not elsewhere specmed. Foundry and madiine-shop prod- ucts. Furniture Leather goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Lumlber and timber products , Marble anci stone work Mattresses and spring beds Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, news- papers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. B Publishing without prmtmg. . . Tobacco manufactures All other* industries * 354' 10,747 269 459 1,152 294 8,573 18 167 43 6 2 7 109 3 442 1 16 10 4 411 7 13 29 198 8 15 21 172 7 3 1 6 - 423 13 41 369 3 84 2 5 24 4 49 21 243 IS 17 21 13 174 11 190 10 11 16 10 143 10 63 8 6 5 3 31 12 102 14 2 3 2 81 7 307 10 11 39 10 237 12 251 9 19 70 5 148 19 • 338 16 23 36 6 267 8 331 6 15 19 1 290 13 257 10 22 29 8 188 23 899 21 37 47 8 786 6 60 2 5 5 48 4 80 7 4 3 66 12 140 3 14 47 11 65 33 716 27 40 80 26 643 43 846 16 49 226 78 477 4 258 8 64 11 175 7 440 6 14 100 23 297 32 148 10 27 62 44 6 12 727 6 18 76 16 611 79 4,107 42 133 370 91 3,471 Je 9,114 No 7,881 De» Je Ap Je Fe De 112 485 27 203 435 65 De Au Au Se Oo Mh Mh 166 46 114 297 244 275 329 243 Je 928 Je 55 Fe' 71 De 67 Mh 555 Be' 180 De 301 Fe <5 713 Jo" Ja Je De Jy 108 309 18 113 166 Jy3 30 Fe Ja3 Fe My My My De No 110 66 172 120 243 239 115 De 592 Jas 41 De 39 Ja« 63 Je 530 Jy» Au Au 174 291 '5 366 111 405 23 176 364 65 209 70 214 131 249 240 212 545 487 180 302 5 590 3,675 106 405 23 173 23 24 124 87 37 70 209 119 249 237 203 875 48 49 24 387 371 136 230 5 310 2,991 1,708 3 341 41 85 79 156 115 279 599 54 44 $28,966,300 211,494 479,265 • 21,940 276,017 343,817 288,396 295,173 234,205 60,968 72,883 1,232,472 854,619 741,163 570,751 644,990 2,326,282 97,817 144, 100 162,055 1,001,901 2,694,864 616,501 1,686,612 391,761 3,611,001 12,995,300 *A11 other industries embrace— ArtiflcialUmbs — 1 Automobiles 1 Awmngs, tents, and sails 2 Bstts, other than paper 1 B^ingpowders 1 Belting, leather 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Buttons 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Chemicals 1 Coffins, burial oases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cooperage 3 Corsets 1 Cotton goods: 1 Dairymen's supplies 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Hair work 1 Hand stamps 2 Hosiery and knit goods 1 House-furnishing goods, not else- where specified 2 Ice, manufactured 4 Jewelry 2 Liquors, malt 1 1 CHATTAKOOGA— All indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products.. 276 8,569 212 364 621 190 7,182 Je 7,650 De 6,097 7,212 6,409 746 34 23 $20,715,601 2 16 8 4 43 6 302 51 11 2,535 536 12 14 4 19 2 11 15 10 1 254 36 7 2,202 473 Au 285 Au 37 <7 Se 2,310 Mh 640 Ja 216 No 35 <7 No 2,023 De 250 236 36 7 2,224 423 151 36 7 2,176 423 84 1 234,339 91,900 4,594 5,142,486 1,226,385 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators 5 6 111 21 151 36 52 4 34 14 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rented power other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. OK MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1459 EXPENSES. Value of products Value added by manufac- ture. — • POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, ., etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $43,168 68,227 45,171 298,625 $36, 820 57, 135 127,817 529,539 $62,047 225,622 240,669 2,089,207 ■"""7""' $17,404 6,582 3,636 $9,801 31,674 11,373 38,756 $17,046 2,508 12,537 917,667 $757, 815 215,690 368,285 $2,087 8,377 12,586 262,201 $1,662,707 764,037 1,312,692 13,297,348 $902,805 539,970 931,821 6,695,461 293 304 5,575 3,585 103 279 1,887 69 711 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Hair work 1 Ink, printing 1 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Jewelry ..^. 4 Liquors, malt 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Photo-engraving •. 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 1 Refrigerators 1 Saws 1 andbalauces 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 2 Shirts 2 Stencils and brands 1 Stereotyping and eleetrotyping 1 Tobacco, chewing and smoking, and snufl 3 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 7 Toys and games 1 Umbrellas and canes 1 Vinegar and cider 4 Wirework 2 $1,381,343 $4,321,314 $246,348 $184, 790 $823,965 $18,838,733 $522,662 $33,276,239 $13,914,814 21,930 13,020 26 8,884 439 1 19,420 22,283 5,760 9,202 16,000 29,658 28,050 24,768 18,825 5,943 2,424 21,738 40,818 42,424 21,002 25,900 64,300 11,980 11,340 18,695 115,731 111,120 37,490 28,960 44,670 58,488 301,487 2,740 49,085 49,506 33,826 28,214 5,612 2,548 53,861 67,301 38,332 20,198 31,997 49,150 3,000 4,860 45,697 85,165 325,692 73,598 177,838 74,256 119,281 384,142 55,228 188,870 14,433 98,234 129,680 19,300 68,969 53,850 15, 119 43,486 96,804 56,872 166,951 154,544 91,955 325,699 17,526 27, 114 31,147 370,835 283,244 97,447 182,281 3,516 218,837 1,861,586 1,500 120 '126' 37,942 1,694 15,700 132,255 1,200 131,055 "so,'™' 4,530 300 828 8,322 7,805 7,688 11,622 7,210 4,412 4,986 1,750 6,731 8,496 4,635 8,270 11,467 120 1,218 4,747 29,934 15,674 2,700 8,512 4,462 3,593 42,074 2,709 2,870 2,149 2,119 2,445 3,848 2,824 1,024 261 7,643 6,379 4,913 4,610 2,360 21,609 600 957 857 7,685 10,097 2,910 6,527 660 562,116 177,738 569,570 29,993 19,531 233,080 384,375 682,278 410,930 274,841 136,089 52,740 4,176,610 2,662,325 333, 788 253,808 418,987 1,249,251 69,875 98,663 172,492 469,607 484,666 168,816 285, 110 50,740 885,956 5, 190, 208 9,103 48,471 342 2,992 2,885 3,465 6,400 3,338 3,062 593 25,098 17,956 14,881 6,942 3,702 14,863 3,354 2,007 746 13,612 17,010 6,598 527 12,896 315,344 743,917 360,803 33,187 431,225 757,911 949,803 714,673 454,545 260,128 130,218 5,042,320 3,584,657 757,390 579, 889 657,683 2,097,212 113,531 195, 141 341, 109 1,467,551 1,983,162 529,285 1,013,134 440,743 2,747,307 9,587,570 165, 244 282,339 13,314 195, 153 370,651 264,060 297,343 176,366 120,977 76,885 840,612 904,376 408, 721 319, 119 234,994 833,098 50,302 94,471 167,871 984,332 1,481,486 353,871 738, 139 389,476 1,848,465 4,082,018 105 465 11 187 123 207 277 94 183 19 1,150 440 803 161 4,550 275 109 18 524 461 198 262 1 835 8,741 270 "so' 2,520 300 90 70 3,970 80 165 163 2 748 4,701 105 195 11 101 123 207 249 79 170 19 630 140 367 733 161 580 195 109 18 523 296 35 260 1 87 4,035 95 132 156 Lithoj;raphing 1 Lubncating greases 1 Millinery and lace ^oods 3 Mineral and soda waters 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Ou, cottonseed, and cake 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Photo-engraving 1 Printing materials 1 Showcases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Soap 1 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 2 Statuary and artgoods 1 Stencils and brands 1 Stereotyping and eleetrotyping 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces and ranges 3 Surgical appliances 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Toys and games 1 Wirework 1 Wood, turned and carved. Woolen goods "Same 13,687 5,432 9,231 466,1 number reported lor one or more other months. * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by Microsoft® 1460 MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. Table 35.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nrorsxBT and cttt. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. / PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDVSTBY. WAGE EATINEKS DEC. 16, OR NEAE- E3T REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerics, etc. "Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Min^TTinTin month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. CHATTANOOGA— Continued. Ice, manufactured Leather goods Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Printing and publishmg, book and job. Printing and publishing, news- papers and periodicals. Stoves and ranges All other industries* 3 116 129 11 563 37 220 177 253 208 ;,536 17 249 23 103 7 513 26 111 122 171 178 2,979 Jy Fe De« Ap No Au My 165 87 568 30 132 135 177 224 Ja No Mh< No 60 87 432 23 87 113 Au De < 169 De 129 101 7 520 27 117 132 169 173 3,040 100 7 517 27 44 106 151 173 2,491 16 23 8927,541 10,931 987,466 40,111 161,530 252, 130 434,064 10,613,831 *A11 other Industries embrace — Agricultural implements 2 Artificial stone products 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Babbittmetal 1 Baking powders 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 2 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brass products Brick Brooms Carpets, rag Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Clothing, men's 2 Coffee , roasting and grinding 2 CofBus, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Confectionery and ice cream 5 Cooperage 7 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 5 Cordials and flavoring sirups i Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 ~ "" ■ 1 Dyestufls and extracts CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Electroplating ^ Engravmg, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing Flour-milland gristmill products Furnishing goods, men's Gas fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Band stamps Jackson Johnson City.. Knoxville 46 1,767 28 78 134 18 1,509 30 684 16 28 23 6 611 142 3,032 120 172 259 61 2,420 1,695 676 2,636 De 1,147 My 528 De 2,150 1,551 660 2,474 1,474 628 1,840 48 15 612 t3, 096, 454 1,736,278 4,772,888 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power other than electric. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— TENNESSEE. OR MOEE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1461 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 112,253 1,000 65,315 38,712 20,580 17,440 15,613 306,828 $13,233 400 23,665 3,314 118,798 14,906 27,313 14,966 315,811 $60,148 5,071 236,915 13,004 196,269 116, 163 -99,081 1,452,249 $2,417 763 4,170 24,499 329 3,450 $2,345 1,860 4,439 1,286 8,209 13,200 19,660 2,105 36,763 !7,324 71 8,930 427 1,898 4,290 3,037 150,904 $37,020 4,758 906,654 17,428 213, 718 118,926 110,399 80,587 5, 386, 745 $30, 107 241 3,264 554 1,928 4,059 5,636 6,603 222,701 $224,878 13,750 1,455,883 48,842 623,865 327, 291 500,847 308,014 9,796,298 $157,751 8,751 545,965 30,860 403,219 204,306 384, 812 220,824 4,186,852 1,828 9 1,684 80 100 132 282 216 1,677 """46' 40 5,179 132 262 176 3,518 113 Hosiery and knit goods 2 Leather,tanned,curried, and finished 1 Liquors , malt 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Mattresses and sprmg beds 4 Mineral and soda waters 5 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Models and patterns, not including Saper patterns 2 , not elsewhere specified 1 Optical goods 2 Faints^ 1 Photo-engraving 1 Printing and publishing, music 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 1 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 5 Saws 3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Shirts 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 Soda-water apparatus 2 Stamped and enameled ware 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 1 Surgical appliances 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes 4 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Typewriter ribbons 1 Wheelbarrows 1 Wool shoddy l CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $120,312 45,832 287,478 $118,945 26,692 278,852 $855,709 271,256 1,063,298 $563 167 32,184 $5,002 3,243 60,606 $22,148 8,599 44,089 $1,772,712 1,794,981 4,261,273 $67,193 156,619 94,357 $3,417,168 2,600,161 7,346,107 $1,677,263 648,561 2,990,477 3,858 3,211 6,168 3,406 2,377 4,286 51 18 9 "iss' 401 816 1,738 137 223 101 1 2 3 < Samg number reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® TEXAS. By Frank Adams. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state.— Texas was ad- mitted to the Union in 1845. With a gross area of 265,896 square miles, of which 262,398 represent land surface, it ranks first in size among the states. Its inhabitants, in 1900, numbered 3,048,710 and in 1910 3,896,542, and its estimated population in 1914 was 4,257,854. In total population Texas ranked fifth in 1910; and in density of population it ranked thirty- sixth, with 14.8 inhabitants per square mile, the cor- responding number in 1900 being 11.6. The urban population of the state in 1910 — ^that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 938,104, or 24.1 per cent of the total, as against 17.1 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 24 cities each having an estimated population of more than 10,000. These cities, whose aggregate population formed 18.8 per cent of the esti- mated total population of Texas in that year, reported 38.7 per cent of the valuef of the state's manufactured products. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 15,758, the greatest for any state, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 680. Important transportation facilities are also provided by the numerous harbors on the Gulf of Mexico and by the canals and navigable rivers within the state. Agriculture is the leading industry. In 1909 the total value of aU farm crops was $298,133,466 and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms $93,799,753. Texas is the first state in the production of cotton. In 1909 it produced 25.3 per cent of the total for the United States ; and the value of this crop, including seed, was $188,673,954. The state's pro- duction of cotton in 1914 was 4,592,112 equivalent 500-pound bales, or about one-fourth of the total yield in the United States. The aggregate value of the mineral products of Texas in 1914, according to' the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was $30,363,426, of which nearly haK — $14,942,848 — ^represented the value of 20,068,184 barrels of petroleum. In the production of this commodity the state ranked fourth with respect to quantity and sixth with respect to value. TTie value of merchandise exported from the various Texas ports during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1914, was $289,156,195, and the value of merchandise im- ported through the same ports in that year was $31,070,840. Importance and growth of manufactures. — In 1914, measured by the value of the products of its manuf acr turing industries, $361,279,303, Texas ranked fifteenth among the states and, with an average of 74,853 wage earners employed in such industries, it ranked twenty- third in this respect. In 1899 the state ranked twenty:^ fifth in value of products and twenty-seventh in aver- age number of wage earners. The proportion which the manufactures of the state represented of the total value of products of manufacturing industries in the United States advanced from eight-tenths of 1 per cent in 1899 to 1.5 per cent in 1914. Table 1 summarizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Texas for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, together with the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUFACTUKING INDTJSTKIES. 1914 1909 1904 1899 PER CENT OF mCBEASEA 1909-1914 1904-1909 1899-1904 Number o£ establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . - Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials ' Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) 5,084 91, 114 4,787 11,474 74,853 335,791 $283,543,820 59,179,344 14,357,967 44,821,377 1,342,170 3,939,184 253,144,261 361,279,303 108,135,042 4,588 3,158 84,575 67,892 4,496 3,073 9,849 5,753 70,230 49,066 282,471 164,637 J216,875,579 tll5,664,871 48,774,827 30,586,651 10,867,555 6,117,709 37,907,272 24,468,942 1,324,435 1,456,004 2,618,836 » 1,064, 791 178,178,515 91,603,630 272,895,635 150,528,389 94,717,120 68,924,759 3,107 2,861 38,604 116, 157 $63,655,616 19,830,357 2,918,676 16,911,681 k 54,388,303 92,894,433 38, 606, 130 10.8 7.7 6.6 16.5 6.6 18.9 30.7 21.3 32.1 18.2 1.3 60.4 42.1 32.4 14.2 45.3 46.1 46.3 71.2 43.1 71.6 87.5 59.6 77.6 54.9 -9.0 1.8 101.1 27.1 41.7 81.7 ■ 54.2 109.6 44.7 94.5 81.3 60.7 68.4 62.0 53.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not available. ' Excluding internal revenue. This table brings out the fact that the manufactur- iug industries of Texas in most respects show a lower rate of increase during the five-year period 1909-1914 Digitized by l\/licrosoft(& than during the preceding periods 1904-1909 and 1899-1904. For the three census periods, however, a satisfactory percentage of increase is shown for each (1463) 1464 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. item except contract work. As amount paid for contract work depends upon the methods of operation and not upon the magnitude of the transactions, the decrease has no significance. During the decade 1904 to 1914 the value of manu- factures in Texas increased at a much greater rate than for the United States as a whole. For this period the increase in the number of estabhshments was 61 per cent; in average number of wage earners employed, 52.6 per cent; in value of products, 140 per cent; and in value added by manufacture, 83.5 per cent. For the five-year period from 1909 to 1914 the corresponding percentages were 10.8 per cent, 6.6 per cent, 32.4 per cent, and 14.2 per cent, respectively. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z CENSUS or 19U. PEE CENT OF INCBEASE.' Num- ber ot estab- Usli- ments. Wage earners. Value ol products. Value added by manuiacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 19U 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 6,084 74,853 100.0 $361,279,303 100.0 (108,135,042 100.0 6.6 43.1 27.1 32.4 81.3 62.0 14.2 60.7 53.0 Slaughtering and meat packing Oil, cottonseed, and cake . . 21 233 191 587 63 1,188 177 13 530 16 256 26 12 87 36 6 46 81 4 61 247 27 18 262 135 30 22 69 78 6 61 19 8 18 6 66 7 32 3 14 31 6 16 3 287 3,491 4,471 1,300 19,966 10,915 4,690 3,036 958 1,949 346 1,926 317 1,875 640 146 350 773 1,811 583 174 728 613 1,062 645 464 595 213 283 207 218 116 583 101 397 809 344 91 205 200 168 177 28 108 140 6,753 4.7 6.0 1.7 26.7 14.6 6.3 4.0 1.3 2.6 0.5 2.6 0.4 2.5 0.9 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.4 0.8 0.2 1.0 0.8 1.4 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.1 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 9.0 52,990,000 41,944,689 35,110,301 28,740,614 15,276,387 16,051,269 8,782,481 8,470,630 7,603,298 7,216,369 6,328,302 4,061,956 3,754,785 3,567,371 3,326,861 • 3,095,503 2,565,310 2,378,419 2,331,094 2,280,779 2,238,381 2,185,114 2,086,136 1,913,375 1,366,901 1,278,028 1,210,969 1,059,587 1,029,047 769,101 739,891 734,666 638,277 618,216 608,374 601,973 494,763 488,741 487,617 473,624 459,650 455,402 428,823 424,869 84,722,670 14.7 11.6 9.7 8.0 4.2 4.2 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 23.5 8,532,880 6,768,113 6,637,114 17,100,884 9,297,959 11,054,001 4,761,397 5,541,942 3,361,461 850,172 3,668,772 720,425 1,111,597 1,085,049 773,103 454,311 1,113,204 1,444,636 1,067,210 528,779 1,221,701 1,416,657 801,6.33 1,010,887 843,771 761,678 580,630 457,916 427,278 174,434 452,004 466,766 271,828 319,685 610,098 361,689 143,637 332,429 317,620 194,874 196,178 227,150 140,603 198,021 12,534,066 7.9 6.3 6.1 15.8 8.6 10.2 4.4 6.1 3.1 0.8 3.4 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.4 1.0 1.3 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.0 . 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 11.6 -4.1 45.6 6.9 -15.1 11.6 6.4 3.8 25.2 40.1 -19.8 34.0 11.6 17.9 -11.2 7.4 -16.1 7.8 -23.1 61.0 80.2 12.2 23.3 60.8 13.8 28.0 40.6 22.2 63.5 -0.5 65.4 85.6 60.1 —3.6 387.7 10.5 44.6 17.4 29.6 34.5 45.2 7.0 86.2 40.6 "'6.' 9' -15.0 24.6 40.2 8.1 -10.7 14.3 29.9 8.8 31.0 41.3 -llf.4 38.6 -22.5 33.4 -17.9 49.4 -19.8 4.7 -24.3 172.6 245.6 1.1 32.9 18.6 49.0 -5.3 -15.5 143.2 61.1 172.3 60.0 47.1 70.6 27.6 48.0 65.8 55.6 74.2 76.6 84.5 1,294.4 77.4 29.2 812.3 156.8 112.2 92.5 300.1 33.6 84.8 6.2 26.0 70.0 83.8 54.4 134.0 76.0 621.2 -32.2 24.3 ""49.'6' 34.6 66.7 -10.9 44.6 -19.3 19.0 26.9 13.1 16.2 49.4 -16.7 33.3 10.9 8.8 -28.0 59.0 -16.4 12.2 -33.8 136.1 306.9 7.8 28.9 6.6 24.7 -10.3 2.0 95.6 54.7 152.5 123.8 22.7 52.2 30.3 44.7 46.3 56.9 73.4 -9.9 82.1 291.0 79.6 15.0 1,057.1 106.1 103.7 82.4 176.7 -20.3 Flour-mill and gristmill products Lumber and timber products. . . 68.2 48.9 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Printing and publishing * 36.2 67.1 Foundry and machine-shop products . . Liquors, malt 82.1 49.7 Bread and other bakery products Rice, cleaning and polishmg 109.9 Ice, manufactured 74.9 Food preparationsT 690.5 l.S ^Leather goods 26.7 37.2 46.6 54.3 "46.' 4' -17.9 Confectionery 40.3 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay 28.2 Butter 947.6 85.3 128.6 -22.2 58.5 89.2 828.6 79.8 110.5 -63.3 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Gas, illuminating and heating. . -0.7 6.6 7.1 36.2 -23.3 -15.1 34.8 21.6 67.6 250.6 42.2 63.6 82.5 Mineral and soda waters 24.6 74.9 138.4 32.8 -25.1 39.0 -4.4 93.4 iii.'e' 30.6 "85.5 207.9 50.0 -5.6 53.8 -8.8 165.4 25.3 96.9 159.4 139.5 -0.3 64.8 -13.4 169.2 running nnrt prASftrving 123.3 -10.3 -20.0 153.5 3.4 27.7 7.0 -27.0 164.4 1,019.3 -3.0 117.3 -24.7 -25.0 196.6 3,300.0 -6.1 72.0 Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations Cars and generalshop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies Ferulizers Tlirpp.ntinp, anH ro."?iTi 269.4 1.5 -18.8 -50.2 178.9 18.3 -4.4 -41.1 189.8 10.7 -31.1 -35.0 Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes -2.3 14.5 -7.5 4.6 -3.5 6.0 Carriages and wagons and materials . . . Wall plaster 95.3 -27.2 126.6 -27.3 114.7 -27.0 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat 523.7 16.8 369.1 38.4 4.4 49.0 52.7 -59.5 364.3 6.6 272.1 53.3 3.7 20.0 68.6 Brooms from broom com -3.8 33.3 Vinegar AximinfrR tp.nt.<; AnH sa.\}^ 78.2 ifi.n "zs.h' 37.3 22.4 saitT. '. !^' : -13.6 -6.8 -9.9 34.5 All nthpT indi^RtriAf! 1 1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 32; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less tlian 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Does not include printing and publishing, music (2 establishments), to avoid disclosing operations of individual establishments. ' T/ess than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Separate statistics are presented in this table for 44 industries, or industry groups, each of which reported products valued at more than $400,000 in 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceeding $50,000,000 in value, 5 with products between Digitized by IVIicrosoft® $15,000,000 and $50,000,000, 5 with products be- tween $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 18 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 15 with products valued at less than $1,000,000 but more than $400,000. Among those included in the. table under MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1465 " all other industries" are petroleiun refining, smelting and refining copper, sugar refining, the manufacture of bags other than paper, the making of cordials and flavoring sirups, each having products valued at more than $1,000,000, and the manufacturer of felt goods, with a product of more than $400,000. These 6 in- dustries could not be shown separately without dis- closing individual operations. The industries shown in the table are arranged ia the order of their importance by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on the average ntunber of wage earners or the value added by manufactm-e. Petro- leum refining, one of the industries statistics for which can not be shown, ranked first in the state in the value of its products, while copper smelting and refining ranked among the first 10 industries. Slaughtering and meat packing, which ranked second in value of products, was fifth in average number of wage earners and fourth in value added by manufacture. Cotton- seed on and cake ranked third in value of products, fourth in average ntunber of wage earners, and fifth in value added by manufacture. Flour-mill and gristmill products, fourth in value of products, held seventh place in value added by manufacture and twelfth in average niunber of wage earners. Lmnber and timber products, fifth in value of products, was firstinbothaverage nmnber of wage earners and value added by manufacture. The rank of the slaughtering and meat-packing and flour and grist mill industries in average number of wage earners and value added by manufactTire is much lower in proportion to the value of the product than is the case with most other indus- tries. Compared with the ranking in 1909, there were a number of changes in 1914. Petroleum refining, which ranked fifth as measured by value of products in 1909, advanced to first place in 1914, slaughtering and meat packing dropping to second; oil, cottonseed, and cake, holding fourth place in 1909, held third in 1914; flbur-nuU and gristmiU products and liunber and timber products, ranking second and third, re- spectively, in 1909, ranked fourth and fifth in 1914; steam-raihoad repair shops, the manufacture of foun- dry products, and of malt liquors are the only indus- tries among the 10 most important that held the same rank in both census years — sixth, ninth, and tenth, respectively. "^ The greatest relative increases in value of products from 1909 to 1914 were shown for fertilizers, 1,019.3 per cent; shipbuilding, wooden, including boat build- ing, 523.7 per cent; vinegar, 369.1 per cent; and butter 245.6 per cent. Petroleum, refining. — ^This, the most important in- dustry in Texas in 1914 with respect to value of prod- ucts, represented more than one-eighth of the total petroleum refined in the United States in that year. The principal products were gasoliire: JHnwiin^ti fuel, and lubricating oUs; greases; and paraffin wax. The figures, however, can not be shown without dis- closing the operations of individual establishments. Slaughtering and meat packing. — This classification includes establishments doing wholesale slaughtering and meat packing and those engaged in the manu- facture of sausage exclusively. ' It does not, however, include the numerous retail establishments where a large nmnber of animals are slaughtered for local trade. At the 1914 census 18 establishments were engaged in slaughtering and meat packing and 3 in the making of sausage. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the total value of products of this industry shows an increase of $10,460,254, or 24.6 per cent, while the average number of wage earners decreased by 148, or 4.1 per cent. Oil, cottonseed, and caTce. — The statistics include those for aU establishments engaged primarily in ex- tracting oil from cotton seed or refining crude cotton- seed oil. Texas ranked first in the manufacture of cottonseed oil. In 1914 it contributed 19.8 per cent of the total value of cottonseed products reported for the United States, as compared with 20.2 per cent in 1909. From 1909 to 1914 the nimiber of wage earners increased by 45.5 per cent and the value of products by 40.2 per cent. Flour-mAU and gristmiU products. — This industry does not include custom mills grinding exclusively for toH or local consumption, or factories making fancy cereals or breakfast foods as a chief product. There were increases in number of wage earners and value of products during the five-year period, but a decrease in number of estabUshments. The value of the products of this industry formed 9.7 percent of the total for all manufactures of the state, a sUghtly smaller propor- tion than in 1909, when it was 11.9per cent. Lumber and timber products. — ^Tnis industry em- braces not only logging operations, sawmills, and plan- ing miUs, but also includes the mantif acture of wooden packing boxes and window and door screens and weather strips. As compared with 1909, a decrease of 26.5 per cent in number of establishments is shown in 1914, 15.1 per cent in number of wage earners, 10.7 per cent, in value of products, and 19.3 per cent in value added by manufacture. These decreases are due to a depression in the industry and also, to some extent, to the fact that some of the smaller mills reported as engaged in merchant sawing in 1909 were doing only custom work in 1914 and, therefore, were not enumerated. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. — ^This industry represents the work done in the car shops of steam-railroad com- panies and is largely confined to repairs to rolling stock and equipment. It does not include minor repairs made in roundhouses. The value of the product is the value of the work performed, and this increased from \/^lMfl61f© ^^^^ ^° $15,276,387 in 1914, or 14.4 per 1466 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. cent. The average number of wage earners employed increased by 11.6 per cent for the five year period 1909 to 1914. Printing and fuhlisTiing. — ^AU establishments pri- marily engaged in printing and pubHshing newspapers, periodicals, and books, job printing, bookbiading and blank-book making, lithographing, and engraving are included under this head. Two establishments en- gaged in printing and pubHshing music are excluded in order to avoid disclosure of individual operations. There were 1,188 estabHshments reported for the industry in 1914, an increase of 11.3 per cent over 1909, while the value of products increased 29.9 per cent. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being, distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." In 1914 the total number of persons engaged in manufaotures was 91,114, of whom 74,853, or 82.2 per cent, were wage earners; 8,540, or 9.4 per cent, proprietors and oflacials; and 7,721, or 8^5 per cent, clerks. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over 94.3 per cent were males and 6.7 per cent were females. Table 3 All classes. Proprietors and officials Proprietors ai^ flrm members. . Salaried officers of corporations.. Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PEBSONS ENGAGED IN M AmWACTDHING INDUSTKIES. Cen- sus year. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1S09 91,114 84,575 85,700 79,696 5,414 4,879 94.1 94.2 5.9 5.8 1914 1909 8,540 7,911 8,359 7,763 181 148 97.9 98.1 2.1 1.9 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4,787 4,496 1,124 940 2,629 2,475 7,721' 6,434 74,853 70,230 4,638 4,373 1,109 929 2,612 2,461 6,794 5,808 70,547 66,125 149 123 15 11 17 14 927 626 4,306 4,105 96.9 97.3 98.7 98.8 99.4 99.4 88.0 90.3 94.2 94.2 3.1 2.7 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.6 12.0 9.7 5.8 5.8 1914 1909 1914 1909 74,315 68,974 638 1,256 70,076 66,092 471 1,033 4,239 3,882 67 223 94.3 94.4 87.5 82.2 5.7 5.6 12.5 17.8 Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 PEBSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUEING INDUSTKIES. Per cent otlncrease.i 1909-1914. Total. Male. Female. Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 Male. 19U 1909 Female. 1914 1909 All classes - Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age 7.7 7.5 11.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.0 6.5 19.6 6.2 20.0 6.6 7.7 -57.2 7.7 6.0 19.4 6.1 17.0 6.7 7.6 -54.4 22.3 21.1 m (^) 48.1 4.9 9.2 -70.0 9.4 5.3 1.2 2.9 8.5 82.2 81.6 0.6 9.4 5.3 1.1 2.9 7.6 83.0 81.5 1.5 9.8 5.4 1.3 3.0 7.9 82.3 81.8 0.5 9.7 6.5 1.2 3.1 7.3 83.0 81.7 1.3 3.3 2.8 0.3 0.3 17.1 79.5 78.3 1.2 3.0 2.5 0.2 0.3 12.8 84.1 79.6 4.6 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. This table shows increases for the five-year period in the number of employees in each of the daises except wage earners under 16 years of age; this class, however, was small, 538, or six-tenths of 1 per cent of the, total number of persons engaged in 1914, and 1,256, or 1.5 per cent, in 1909. Wage earners over 16 years of age formed by far the largest class, 81.6 per cent of the total persons engaged in manufacturing industries in 1914 and 81.5 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earher census. (See "Ex- planation of terms".) Table 5 makes this compari- son according to occupational status. The number of employees in each class shows an increase at each successive census, [yjiQJ^fi^^j^Tfyy ' percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. centages of increase being shown for the five-year period 1904-1909. A slight increase is shown in the proportion of salaried employees in 1914 as compared with 1909, and a shght decrease in the number of proprietors, probably accounted for by changes in organization. ' Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTTPACTtTKING INDVSTEIE3. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 91,114 84,575 57,892 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.7 46.1 Proprietors and flrm members. Salaried employees , . . . ^msoiw •4,787 11,474 74,853 4,496 9,849 70,230 3,073 5,753 49,066 5.3 12.6 82.2 6.3 11.6 83.0 5.3 9.9 84.8 6.5 16.5 6.6 46:3 71.2 43.1 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1467 The average number of wage earners employed, and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows for some of the important industries a similar distribu- tion of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies. Cement Clothing, men's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Oas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured , Leather goods , Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Mineral and soda waters Oil, cottonseed, and cake / Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Turpentine and rosin All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber.i 74,853 70,230 49,066 1,949 1,391 1,811 2,365 583 230 10,915 9,782 583 362 1,062 992 773 717 728 733 1,875 1,590 1,300 1,216 3,036 2,925 595 701 613 575 1,926 1,437 640 721 958 765 19,956 23,518 545 400 4,471 3,073 4,690 4,408 3,491 3,639 219 11,544 8,481 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 92.7 93.3 80.7 71.2 98.3 98.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 100.0 7.0 8.1 54.1 51.2 98.4 97. S 64.3 63.1 99.3 99.3 97.3 95.5 99.7 100.0 98.3 99.4 97.3 97.1 100.0 99.9 99.5 98.5 93.0 95.0 99. S 99.9 84.8 80.3 91.8 91.7 100.0 90.6 87.9 Fe- male. 5.7 5.5 5.1 17.0 25.7 f\ 1.2 2.0 93.0 88.7 ■■■3.'2 45.4 44.3 0.5 4.5 1.6 2.5 32.4 32.7 3.3 14.2 0.1 0.2 '"h'X 0.3 0.1 2.4 2.2 0.2 0.1 2.3 1.7 0.1 0.3 0.2 1.3 1.1 0.2 0.1 11.6 13.9 7.9 6.4 8.8 10.3 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.7 1.8 1.7 2.3 3.0 0.4 0.8 0.3 2.3 0.2 1.7 0.5 0.3 1.2 0.2 1.3 5.7 4.0 3.6 5.8 0.3 1.9 3.2 0.6 1.8 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." > Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. For all industries combined, the proportions which male and female wage earners 16 years of age and over represented of the total show^'-^-^''" ---'-^--- duriag the decade 1904-1914, while that for children under 16 years of age decreased from 1.7 per cent in 1904 to seven-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914. Of the 22 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 14 show increases from 1909 to 1914 in the proportion of males and 10 show increases in the proportion of females, while in only 4— gas illuminating and heating; ice, manufactured; mineral and soda waters; and turpentine and rosin — ^were there increases in the proportions of children under 16 years of age. In one industry — omen's clothing — women constituted 93 per cent of the total number of wage earners; in the manufacture of confectionery and cotton goods the female wage earners over 16 years of age were 45.4 per cent and 32.4 per cent, respec- tively, of the total for the industry. In both of these industries the percentage of women was larger than in 1909, while the proportion of children employed showed a decided decrease. The largest number of children xmder 16 years of age employed in any indus- try in 1914 was 171, reported for printing and pub- Hshing, but this mmiber was less, both actually and proportionately, than in 1909. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 24 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for cities where per cent of increase can be computed. Of the cities shown in the table, two gave employ- ment to more than 5,000 wage earners, one to more than 4,000, and six other cities to more than 1,000 wage earners each. In every city the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greatly in excess of that of females; in fact, there was none having the proportion of males as low as 80 per cent in 1914. Only five cities for which comparative fig- ures are given show a larger proportion of female wage earners over 16 years of age in 1914 than in 1909, but with one exception the nmnber of these wage earners was small. Dallas employed the largest niunber of females and they formed 18.6 per cent of the total number for the city. The women in this city were for the most part employed in the manufacture of men's clothing, bakery products, bags other than paper, and confectionery. Fort Worth ranks third in the number of female wage earners employed, and they formed 15.1 per cent of the wage earners of the city, and were employed largely in the clothing and confec- tionery industries. A majority of the cities show decreases from 1909 to 1914 in both numbers and proportions of wage earners under 16 years of age, the exceptions being Denison, Palestine, Sherman, and Tyler. Four cities fef® Mt^ff95^^ft^^S^ earners imder 16 years of age in 1914. 1468 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 7 ATEBAGE NTJMBEB OP WAGE EAENEES IN MANXTTACTXrEINQ INDUSTEIES. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Per cent of total. CITY. Male. Female. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Abilene 107 311 891 1,073 76 886 5,284 954 2,347 2,308 1,410 5,607 270 1,166 648 513 161 4,083 389 342 955 506 1,125 377 94 297 830 1,053 71 855 4,251 908 2,255 1,945 1,264 5,168 270 1,159 635 443 153 3,528 327 318 921 434 977 361 13 14 57 12 1 30 981 36 83 349 133 418 6 6 68 6 541 55 24 20 62 138 3 87.9 95.5 93.2 98.1 93.4 96.5 80.5 95.2 96.1 84.3 89.6 92.2 100.0 99.4 98.0 86.4 95.0 86.4 84.1 93.0 96.4 85.8 86.8 95.8 12.1 4.5 -6.4 1.1 1.3 3.4 18.6 3.8 3.5 15.1 9.4 7.5 "6.'5' 0.9 13.3 3.7 13.3 14.1 7.0 2.1 12.3 12.3 0.8 Amarillo. . 754 863 51 825 4,882 833 1,752 2,059 1,094 5,338 213 977 745 541 115 3,105 273 366 641 '3,'445' 725 1,158 1,423 761 5,056 515 ■2;457" »307 683 832 47 820 3,889 795 1,556 1,672 940 4,826 202 958 737 478 112 2,602 232 333 515 '2,'7i6' 708 950 1,299 633 4,750 512 ■2'264' 1276 66 20 4 1 870 37 143 361 124 450 8 7 7 53 3 481 39 26 120 ■■588' 17 200 106 108 249 3 "26s' 25 4 8 4 1 52 10 9 14 13 21 ..... 7 2 2 14 7 5 11 6 90.6 96.4 92.2 99.4 79.7 95.4 88.8 81.2 85.9 90.4 94.8 98.1 98.9 88.4 97.4 83. S 85.0 91.0 80.3 '78.' 7' 97.7 82.0 91.3 83.2 93.9 99.4 '89.'7' 89.9 8.8 2.3 7.8 0.1 17.8 4.4 8.2 17.5 11.3 8.4 3.8 0.7 0.9 9.8 2.6 15.5 14.3 7.1 18.7 "i7."i" 2.3 17.3 7.4 14.2 4.9. 0.6 "k'.3 8.1 0.4 0.7 5.3 0.1 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.4 "o.'i' 1.1 0.4 1.2 0.3 1.8 0.7 1.3 0.5 2.5 0.1 3.0 1.3 2.7 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.1 1.8 0.9 4 123 1 53 26 30 62 3 12 1 10 'i47' "s 18 20 57 Dallas 4.3 El Paso 0.7 Fort Worth... 1 ? Galveston 2.6 Houston l.l Marshall Palestjne.... Paris SanAngelo 22 2 7 48 6 0.7 0.7 1.9 2.0 Sherman 2.0 Temple 14 10 10 13 1.5 2.0 0.9 3.4 Tyler 484 1,033 "'947' 442 826 "'ni' 40 143 ■266' 2 64 ■■36" 91.3 80.0 '75.'i' 8.3 13.8 2i.'8' 0.4 6.2 3.2 Wichita Falls 1 Figures do not agree with those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corpo- rate liioits of the city. The highest percentage of increase during the last five-year period in total number of wage earners, 42.5 per cent, is shown for Sherman; the next highest, 40 per cent, for San Angelo; the third highest, 34 per cent, for El Paso. The greatest percentage of increase during the decade 1904-1914, 102.7 per cent, is shown for El Paso, and the next highest, 85.3 per cent, for Galveston. Table 8 PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS.' CITY. PER CENT OP INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP ■WAGE EARNERS.! CITY, Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. Male. Female. years of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 -1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 39.0 18.2 17.6 24.3 7.4 53.4 a2 41.7 31.6 14.5 14.9 102.7 34.0 51.3 62.2 12.1 44.7 85.3 28.9 43.8 10.9 5.0 5.6 61.2 21.5 32.6 26.6 4.3 56.9 9.3 43.5 28.2 14.2 12.3 137.4 44.9 63.8 49.7 16.3 2&7 99.7 34.5 48.5 8.8 7.1 1.6 -52.5 -13.6 -^5.0 Laredo 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -47.6 26.8 —5a 6 19.3 -13.0 -5.2 4ao 66.2 31.5 26.4 26.7 42.5 -11.1 -6.6 4.5 ia8 ao 9.1 -47.3 33.7 -60.5 21.0 -13.8 -7.3 36.6 60.1 35.6 lai las 40.9 -15.9 -4.5 -1.8 37.4 las 16.2 Marshall Palestine 66.8 12.8 4a 111.8 -2.7 • 117.6 -5a 5 -42.0 -2a 5 229.2 -3.3 240.6 23.1 7.3 14.8 67.9 -7.1 80.7 -64.6 -57.7 —16.3 Paris San Angelo San Antonio 163.9 12.5 134.6 Sherman. Temple "Port Worth Tyler Waco -33.0 -3.5 -30.6 1 Houston 1 A minus sign {— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Wag"", earners employed, by months. — The following table gives, for all industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, foi and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the num- ber reported for each month forms of the greatest num- LJbfMy«®w«te4«°'' ^^y month. MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1469 Vable 9 January^.., Febcuarj.. Msidb. April May June July August Septamber. October November. December. WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTUEINQ INDUSTBIES. Number.! 1914 76,993 75,559 74,217 73,261 72,219 73,078 75,7719 76,587 76, 9S 75,588 73,654 74,318 1909 68,563 66,485 68,082 67,772 66,079 68,037 69,163 69, 192 73,196 75,291 75,648 75,258 1901 49,280 48,023 47,847 46,719 46,818 46,712 47,209 47,982 50, 263 52,849 53,166 51,924 Per cent of maximum. 1914 100.0 98.1 96.4 95.2 93.8 94.9 98.4 99.5 100.0 9&2 95.7 96.5 1909 90.6 87.9 90.0 89.6 87.4 89.9 91.4 91.5 96.8 99.5 100.0 99.5 190i 92.7 90.3 90.0 87.9 88.1 87.9 88.8 90.2 94.5 99.4 100.0 97.7 » The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent tbe number employed on the 15th of «ach month, or the nearest representative day; those tor 1904, the average number employed during the month. In 1914, January shows the highest average num- "ber of wage earners, practically the same number being reported for September also. The minimmn number was reported for May, and formed 93.8 per cent of the number shown for January. In 1909 and 1904 the month of maximmn employment was No- vember, and the months of minimum employment, May and Jime, respectiveljy. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum numbers in any one of the three census years, was 9,569, shown for 1909. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 24 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table lO nroUSXBT ANT> CITT. WAGE earners: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry and city is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.) Aver- age number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. Au- gust. Septem- ber. Octo- ber. Novem- ber Decem- ber. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. All industries. 74,853 76,993 75,559 74,217 73,261 72,S19 73,078 75,779 76,687 76,983 75,588 73,654 74,318 Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electrio-railroad companies .' Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Cement Clothing, men's Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods ISour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refiigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Ice, manufactured Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Bice, cleaning and polishing Slaughtering and meat packing.. Turpenttne and rosin Wood preserving All otlier industries Total for cities. Abilene auarillo Austin Beaumont Brownsville. Cleburne.... Dallas Denison. El Paso Fort Worth. , Galveston. Houston. . . Laredo Marshall.. Palestine.. Paris San Anoblo. . San Antonio.. Sherman Temple TEXABJUlHA. Tyler "Waco.. WicHiiA Falls. 1,949 1,811 683 10,915 683 1,062 773 728 1,875 1,300 3,036 595 613 1,926 640 958 19,956 464 4,471 4,690 34S 3,491 809 350 10,930 31,789 107 311 891 1,073 76 5,284 964 2,347 2,308 1,410 6,607 270 1,166 648 513 161 4,083 389 342 365 606 1,883 1,802 11,118 527 1,126 733 709 1,812 1,307 3,191 705 659 1,250 720 8S9 20,892 471 6,240 4,738 3,660 862 430 10,306 32,552 112 316 1,158 891 5,433 832 2,269 2,280 1,417 6,037 269 1,188 704 527 147 4,114 382 387 1,030 1,927 i,r" 643 11,016 ise 1,155 781 703 1,811 1,288 3,166 739 eie 1,278 709 20,816 455 4,821 4,656 502 3,812 794 389 10, 459 32,308 1,940 1,947 606 10,998 1,150 788 706 1,839 1,261 3,218 743 549 1,425 692 20,597 484 2,991 4,704 415 3,867 803 411 10,723 31,902 1,950 2,018 569 10,641 619 1,156 768 738 1,873 i,m 3,304 711 550 1,808 917 20,712 470 1,828 4,707 416 3,622 791 433 10,881 31,721 1,895 2,008 10,410 474 1,104 760 744 1,839 1,271 3,342 680 591 2,202 660 987 20,386 492 1,344 4,727 269 3,368 818 346 10,924 31,604 1,923 2,025 648 10,545 720 1,111 737 765 1,846 1,285 3,174 662 669 2,636 666 1,018 20,34d 486 i,m 4,692 140 3,172 826 283 11,517 31,354 1,946 2,011 581 10,987 714 1,077 730 752 1,888 1,314 3,162 660 626 2,810 1,091 21,536 476 1,678 4,699 ISl 3,171 848 373 11,813 32,128 2,054 1,999 557 11,190 692 1,080 766 746 1,910 1,379 3,076 611 620 2,761 579 1,059 21,190 459 3,018 4,6!10 160 X,94S 862 340 U,911 32,121 110 302 942 1,195 63 916 5,479 841 2,256 2,269 1,391 6,774 266 1,178 766 591 US 4,082 408 324 977 516 307 962 1,190 65 854 6,670 812 2,312 1,346 6,620 276 1,197 687 507 146 4,021 424 S88 1,053 612 ml 111 298 858 1,180 70 878 5,537 832 2,402 2,369 l,3iS 6,582 297 1,171 489 632 164 3,960 371 292 1,032 526 100 321 855 991 70 869 6,506 77S 2,465 2,366 1,407 5,790 300 1,119 536 170 3,946 374 303 1,079 502 114 B78 879 1,035 87 6,432 864 2,397 2,361 1,403 5,576 296 1,104 443 4«« 179 3,985 384 311 917 503 40 bpM^fomi'i^ 90 308 859 1,029 78 877 5,439 1,111 2,393 2,388 1,427 5,660 264 1,131 683 566 176 4,146 153 320 873 617 1,125 136 96 323 85S 1,013 827 6,383 1,078 2,413 2,401 1,426 6,560 255 1,144 700 174 1,226 412 499 1,106 1,959 1,679 548 11,163 661 791 747 1,867 1,356 2,940 423 682 2,530 616 1,019 19,247 469 6,916 4,641 334 3,146 828 «rf 11,376 32,038 1,977 1,692 570 11,085 648 806 719 1,943 1,308 2,702 418 685 1,865 480 1,008 18,192 449 7,801 4,709 376 3,618 766 302 10,607 31,520 1,954 1,445 537 10,832 541 90S 809 691 1,912 1,296 2,686 S88 718 1,365 560 891 ir,sB4 434 7,968 4,680 447 3,789 7S1 291 10,374 SO, 831 1,980 1,370 BS2 10,996 606 916 807 716 1,960 1,291 g,572 400 791 1,193 867 18,036 41B 7,760 4,707 472 3,722 789 331 10^,266 31,389 104 322 906 991 906 4,981 1,154 2,387 2,314 1,187 6,619 249 1,166 784 474 178 4,131 382 115 883 624 1,199 395 107 323 912 1,038 87 919 4,922 1,059 2,342 2,274 1,432 6,619 273 1,180 471 154 4,148 ssn 374 818 507 1,123 411 113 318 861 1,002 84 902 4,78m 1,057 2,249 2,158 1,406 B,S18 261 1,211 673 467 154 4,146 373 376 956 480 1,103 389 129 317 880 1,054 65 4,940 1,035 2,279 2,210 1,435 5,439 245 1,204 762 643 158 4,091 378 376 915 514 1,080 405 91.7 67.0 82.1 93.0 60.6 78.2 90.2 90.3 92.4 90.4 77.0 62.2 66.2 42.6 62.6 78.5 81.4 .84.3 16.3 97.5 26.1 76.2 84.8 62.6 86.2 94.7 82.9 70.8 88.4 85.9 67.0 91.2 90.5 88.1 81.7 91.2 48.3 77.8 79.3 93.4 72.2 69.4 75.8 89. T 87.2 76.1 1470 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Of the industries shown in Table 10, oil, cotton seed and cake and rice, cleaning and polishing show the greatest fluctuation in number of wage earners reported, but as these are seasonal industries this fluctuation is not abnormal. The greatest stabihty of employment is shown for printing and pubHshing, while steam-raiboad repair shops ranked second in this respect. For each of five other industries, bread and other bakery products, cotton goods, copper, tin, and sheet-iron work, confectionery, and flour-mill and gristmill products the fluctuation was less than 10 per cent. San Antonio, the largest city in Texas, shows the greatest stabihty of employment, the least number employed representing 93.4 per cent of the greatest. In El Paso, Galveston, and Marshall, the minimum number employed was in each case more than 90 per cent of the maximum. In three other cities, Abilene, Denison, and Temple, the corresponding percentages were less than 70. Palestine shows the greatest fluc- tuation, the percentage that the minimum number formed of the maximum for this city being only 48.3, due largely to the curtailment of work during April, May, and June in the railroad repair shops of the town. Prevailing h'ours of labor. — ^In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for, 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only for aU industries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The num- ber employed in each estabHshment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or smaller number of hours. Table 11 Census year. ATEBAGE NTIMBER OF WAGE EAIINEK3. nrouSTET AND CITZ. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54 Between 54 and 60. 60 Between 60 and 72. 72 Over 7S. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909' 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 74,853 70,230 12,374 6,575 1,684 1,856 16.633 12,945 2,765 2,981 28,679 30,583 6,577 8,318 4,693 4,188 2,44S 2,784 Bread and other bakery products 1,949 1,391 1,811 2,365 583 230 10,915 9,782 583 362 1,062 992 773 717 728 733 ,1,875 1,590 1,300 1,216 3,036 2,925 595 701 613 575 1,926 1,437 640 721 958 765 19,9.56 23,518 464 605 4,471 3,073 4,690 4,408 179 60 138 20 92 34 4,727 1,009 21 6 27 31 11 422 125 174 222 15 84 11 44 43 7 1,030 882 1,428 1,007 131 89 1,151 1,727 141 38 115 211 186 545 68 74 1,338 397 475 281 260 773 168 183 89 186 167 121 62 300 4 2 16,625 16,961 13 66 341 206 261 497 155 201 23 56 25 50 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cement - 128 159 106 1,727 1,067 286 4 IBS 1 130 153 3,180 5,092 727 7 15ft 321 788 521 15 22 467 461 28 155 114 2 23 131 83 215 64 159 197 170 22 233 72 10 10 12 1 Copper tin and sheet-iron work. ... 1 367 1,193 161 200 22 108 147 50 171 17 6 10 12 36 9 6 851 273 376 632 251 333 1 103 2 2,160 1,772 252 480 141 33 39 94 438 625 e Foundry and ma<:hino-shop products 316 283 4 139 35 14 >. 4 8 21 7 65 75 46 42 382 (^rfr, illUTninatiTig f^.Tid li«at!T|g 318 134 445 97 52 45 280 181 102 Ice manufactured .^... 908 16 4 1 53 940 Leathergoods 523 32 LiquorSj malt 60 24 965 784 149 110 18 466 346 315 13 37 63 Lumber and timber products 406 355 29 59 1,120 4,471 9 12 106 Marble and stone work Oil, cottonseed, and cake... . 280 110 22 29 3,736 2,565 2 4 33 159 33 2,946 2,191 Printing and publishing 204 608 923 759 332 320 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1471 Table 1 1— Continued. Ceasus year. AVEBAOE NUMBER OF WAGE EAENERS. nrouSTRT AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and imder. Between 48 and 54. 54 Between 54 and 60. 60 Between 60 and 72. 72 Over 72. Eice, cleaning and polishing 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 345 430 3,491 3,639 809 219 350 417 10,930 7,429 31,789 16 18 37 164 714 1,949 809 119 350 363 2,716 2,542 5,496 153 160 2 121 106 ■ Slaughtering and meat packing 21 9 57 2,697 1,631 50 Turpentine and rosin 100 Wood preserving 15 1,140 635 9,869 39 322 367 2,627 All other industries 238 187 1,396 4,197 1,535 9,304 1,268 419 956 71 593 1,305 980 Totallor cities , 1,151 836 Abilene 107 311 891 1,073 76 886 5,284 954 2,347 2,308 1,410 5,607 270 1,166 648 513 161 4,083 389 342 955 506 1,125 377 30 35 274 92 5 30 200 92 460 7 9 1,075 19 424 519 132 742 209 59 27 235 26 291 97 17 490 14 188 134 18 22 39 100 14 757 116 44 129 158 221 131 18 24 11 60 35 25 16 141 11 15 43 1 382 Amakillo 39 136 331 24 51 2,146 42 812 280 315 2, "76 9 186 10 72 3] 1,528 32 74 25 8 336 41 1 114 26 2 6 62 3 Austin 176 Beaumont 29 Bbownsville 4 Cleburne 26 988 808 763 984 544 1,288 13 889 561 80 73 1,347 94 45 78 444 262 151 6 643 15 Dallas 113 Denison 30 El Paso 36 173 42 165 105 119 142 59 63 roET WOKTH 32 Galveston 13 64 Laeedo 21 8 24 18 66 Palestine 32 10 24 328 56 114 202 PAEIS 4 46 7 167 14 San Antonio 223 117 85 60 44 18 92 17 82 11 TEWPT,Til 7 57 25 Texaekana 3 56 Tylee 22 Waco 6 121 60 34 60 The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shorter working day for wage earners. In 1909, 45, 873, or nearly two-thirds of the total average number of wage earners for aU industries combiaed were employed in establishments where the preTailiug hours of labor were 60 or more per week, whereas only 41,397, or a little more than one-half, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, the number of wage earners in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were 54 or less per week increased from 21,376, or more than three-tenths of the total for the state in 1909, to 30,691, or more than two-fifths of the total ia 1914. Among the separate industries, the steam-raUroad repair shops and breweries, show the greatest decrease ia hours of labor. In 1909, in these industries the wage earners in estabhshments where the prevaihng working hours were less than 54 per week formed 11.9 per cent and 35.7 per cent, of the total, respectively, but in 1914 these proportions had iacreased to 44.5 and 94.4, respectively. Five industries in 1914 — clothing, men's; copper, tin, and shee1>-iron work; liquors, malt; marble and stone work; and printing and publishing — show a majority of the wage earners eraphm^Am^&e^iJo hours a week; whUe six industries — Biectric-raiirDai repair shops, cleaning and poMshing rice, and the man- ufacture of cement, gas, ice, and cottonseed oil and cake — show a majority employed more than 60 hours per week. Of the combined total average number of wage earn- ers for the 24 cities— 31,789— in 1914, 20,569 or 64.7 per cent, were in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were 54 or less per week, whUe only 4,768, or 15 per cent, were in estabhshments in which the hours of labor were over 60 per week. For the three largest cities, the greatest number of wage earners was reported by those estabhshments where the prevailing hours of labor were 54 per week, these wage earners with those working shorter hours together formed more than 70 per cent of the total for each city. In Denison, Marshall, Palestine, and Tyler, the greatest proportion of wage earners were employed 48 hours or less per week, these proportions being 84.7, 76.2, 86.6, and 87.7 per cent, respectively. locatiou of establishineiits. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manufac- tures in Texas were centralized in cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. In accepting the statistics in this table, it must be remembered that Brownsville, Cleburne, Marshall, f\/f/§F©^0#© ^^^ Temple, each having a population of d I 10,000 or more in 1909, were included with the outside 1472 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. districts in 1904, and that Abilene, AmariUo, Tex- arkana, and Wichita Falls, each having a popiilation of 10,000 and over at the census of 1914, were iacluded with the outside districts at prior censuses. Tlie table shows that ia 1914 the 24 cities, which represent 18.8 per cent of the estimated population of the state, re- ported 40.7 per cent of the total number of estabhsh- ments, 42.5 per cent of the average number of wage earners, 49.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture, and 38.7 per cent of the total value of products. Table 12 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVIIIQ A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. DISTKICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVINQ A Total. 10,000 to 25,000. . 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. POPULATION OP 10,000 OE OVER. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amoimt. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amoimt. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of aggre- gate. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 24 20 11 4,257,854 3,896,542 3,048,710 5,084 4,588 3,107 74,863 70,230 38,604 $361,279,303 272,895,635 92,894,433 108,135,042 94,717,120 38,506,130 24 20 11 801,465 620,712 299,398 2,071 1,614 879 31,789 26,303 14,647 $139,929,138 109,559,057 37,036,229 53,802,642 42,844,970 16,410,242 18.8 15.9 9.8 40.7 35.2 28.3 42.5 37.5 37.9 38.7 40.1 39.9 49.8 45.2 42.6 15 12 6 2188,981 147,337 94,329 425 350 276 7,661 6,286 3,569 $26,171,984 19,928,547 6,904,458 8,989,694 7,074,911 2,994,238 4.4 3.8 3.1 8.4 7.6 8.9 10.2 9.0 9.2 7.2 7.3 7.4 8.3 7.5 7.8 6 8 5 281,398 473,375 205,069 719 1,264 603 9,154 20,017 11,078 $38,974,831 89,630,510 30,131,771 15,814,566 35,770,059 13,416,004 3 6.6 12.1 6.7 14.1 27.6 19.4 12.2 28.5 28.7 10.8 32.8 32.4 14.6 37.8 34.8 331,086 7.8 3,456,389 3,275,830 2,749,312 3,013 2,974 2,228 43,064 43,927 23,957, $221,350,165 163,336,578 55,858,204 54,332,400 51,872,150 22,096,888 81.2 84.1. 90.2 Number of establishments 927 18.2 . S9.3 64.8 71.7 Average number of wage earners.. 14,974 20.0 67. S 62.5 62.1 474,782,323 20.7 61.3 69.9 60.1 Value added by manufacture 28,998,382 26.8 50.2 54.8 57.4 1 Census estimate of population for 1914. 2 The population as returned at the census of 1910 is used for San Angelo in 1914. estimate of population in 1914. Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio, each having a population of more than 100,000 in 1914, reported one- fifth of all the wage earners employed in the state and over one-fifth of the total value of products. The 6 cities having a population between 25,000 and 100,000 reported more than one-tenth of the wage earners and value of products. Compariag the two groups men- tioned with the larger group for 1909 shows an in- crease of more than 25 per cent in the value of pro- ducts. The relative importance in manufactures pi each of the 24 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, ia 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Those for which comparative figures are not shown for 1909 and 1904 had fewer than 10,000 inhabitants in those years. The greatest relative gain ia value of products shown from 1909 to 1914 — 68.7 per cent — appears for El Paso. Next in order are Paris, Denison, San Angelo, Laredo, and.Sherman, with 59.7, 57.5, 57, 56, and 50.3 per cent, respectively. The greatest actual iacrease — $4,414,343 — ^is shown for San Antonio. The cities held the same or nearly the same rank in 1914 as ia 1909. El Paso moved up from niath place in 1909 to seventh ia 1914 and Paris from thirteenth to tweKth, while Marshall dropped from eleventh in 1909 to fourteenth iiy49L4/.- . . Since that city was incorporated in 1903 no figures for 1900 are available for an Table 13 CITY. Dallas Houston San Antonio . . Fort Worth... Galveston Sherman El Paso Waco Beaumont Austin Wichita Falls. Paris Cleburne Marshall Denison , Texarfeana... Temple Palestine Amarillo Tyler San Angelo.. Laredo Abilene Brownsville.. AVERAGE NtJMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 5,284 6,607 4,083 2,308 1,410 389 2,347 1,125 1,073 891 377 613 886 1,166 9.54 955 342 648 311 500 161 270 107 76 1909 4,882 5,338 3,105 2,059 1,094 273 1,752 1,033 863 754 1904 3,445 5,056 2,457 1,423 761 307 1, 158 947 732 641 541 210 825 977 833 725 366 745 544 484 368 115 213 515 61 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 19M 1531,065,073 25,868,010 17,849,240 9,973,882 8,691,969 7,027,747 6,135,214 5,611,737 5,191,065 3,370,974 2,572,785 2,283,875 2,246,263 2,099,355 2,068,788 1,994,009 1,451,925 1,222,160 986,087 896,649 499,148 344,811 311,346 167,136 $26,958,664 23,015,556 13,434,897 8,660,882 6,308,076 4,675,971 3,637,577 4,769,358 4,830,591 2:845,500 1909 1,429,943 1,576,572 1,787,146 1,313,785 1,345,770 1,312,845 996,243 317,861 221,074 120,746 1904 $15,627,668 13,564,019 7,402,262 6,668,391 2,996,654 2,641,086 2,377,813 2,979,800 2,609,829 1,569,353 854,930 1,234,956 '"'736,162 628,666 453,974 Dallas was the leadiag city ta the state in the vailue of manufactured products. The principal iadustries are slaughtering and meat packing, flour milling and gristmUliag, priatiag and publishing, the manufacture of cottonseed oil and cake, foimdry and machine-shop products, leather goods, and bread and bakery pro- ducts. Of these industries the first two and cotton- seed oil and cake can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing individual operations. Dallas is the center of the leather-goods iadustry, in- II fllu^iiS,thiy.B^Tif acture of saddlery and harness and MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1473 trunks, and contributed over one-half of the total value of products for the state in 1914. The leading industry in Houston ia 1914 was the manufacture of cottonseed oil. Other important in- dustries were slaughtering and meat packing, brewer- ies, cleaning and polishing rice, printing and pubHsh- ing, steam-railroad repair shops, foundries and machine shops, the manufacture of cotton and burlap bags, bread and bakery products, and roasting and grinding coffee. The statistics for slaughtering and meat pack- ing, breweries, steam-railroad repair shops, and cotton and burlap bags can not be shown separately. San Antonio ranked third in the value of manufac- tures in 1914, but some of the principal industries — the breweries and the slaughtering and meat-packing industry — can not be shown separately. Other impor- tant industries are the manufacture of flour-mdl and gristmiU products, foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts, and cottonseed oil and cake. Fort Worth is the fourth city in value of manufac- tured products. It should be stated, however, that important slaughtering and meat-packing estabhsh- ments are located just outside the corporate limits of the city. If these were included in the total for the city, the rank of Fort Worth among the cities of the state in the value of its manufactures would be much higher. The leading industries within the city, named in the order of their importance, are flour mills and grist- mills, printing and pubhshing, steam-raOroad repair shops, and butter making. In 1914 El Paso ranked fifth among the cities of the state in popiolation and seventh in value of manufac- tures. The leading industries within the corporate limits of the city are steam-railroad repair shops, printing and publishing, wooden packing boxes, roast- ing and grinding coffee, and foundries and machine shops. Some of these, however, are not shown. The copper smelting works located near the city limits contributed a large amount to the value of the products of the state and reported wage earners equaling one- third of the number reported by estabUshments within the city limits. > In the remaining cities shown in Table 13, the most important industries in 1914 were the manufacture of flour-mill and gristmill and cottonseed products in Austin, Galveston, Paris, Sherman, and Waco; the steam-railroad repair shops in Cleburne, Denison, Laredo, Marshall, Palestine, San Angelo, and Tyler; the cottonseed-oil industry in Abilene and Temple; the flour-miU and gristmill industry in Amarillo and Wichita Falls; the cleaning and poHshing of rice and floiu- miUs in Beaiunont; the manufacture of ice in Brownsville; and cooperage in Texarkana. Character of ownership. — rTable 14 presents statistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organiza- tion, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities, the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 14 AVERAGE NTJMBEE OF 'WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBEB OF ESTABUSHMENTS ' Cen- OWNED BY— In establishments Per cent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. nrotJSTBT AND an. sus year. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 2,651 2,290 1,676 1,486 1,352 839 947 946 643 74,853 70,230 49,066 8,569 9,295 7,320 60,541 54, 697 36,905 5,743 6,238 4,841 11.4 13.2 14.9 80.9 77.9 75.2 7.7 8.9 9.9 Ill $24,816,967 23,161,308 16,408,988 8313,703,277 231,059,361 120, 133, 146 $22,759,059 18,674,966 13,986,255 6.9 8.5 10.9 88.8 84.7 79.8 6.3 6.8 9.3 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 442 324 15 14- 73 47 1,949 1,391 1,017 697 633 554 299 140 52.2 50.1 32.5 39.8 15.3 10.1 7,503,298 6,310,785 3,933,192 27817,158 2,385,990 1,821,283 1, 184, 116 672,344 52.4 53.0 31.8 34.3 15.8 12.7 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 78 81 71 98 42 59 1,300 1,216 154 144 941 892 205 180 11.8 11.8 72.4 73.4 15.8 14.8 35,110,301 32,484,612 1,995,021 2,585,772 27,061,885 24,926,592 6,053,395 4,972,248 5.7 8.0 77.1 76.7 17.2 15.3 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 75 59 60 54 42 30 3,036 2,925 457 303 2,3.32 2,446 247 176 15.1 10.4 76.8 83.6 8.1 6.0 8,782,481 8,067,941 1,115,496 779,857 7,128,438 6,797,188 538,547 490,896 12.7 9.7 81.2 84.2 6.1 6.1 Ice, manufactured 1914 1909 36 37 179 128 40 17 1,926 1,437 115 210 1,676 1,152 135 75 6.0 14.6 87.0 80.2 7.0 5.2 5,328,302 3,844,120 267,097 619,927 4,629,499 3,074,356 431,706 249,837 5.0 13.5 88.9 80.0 8.1 6.5 Leather ettods 1914 1909 43 33 19 19 25 15 640 721 87 117 432 491 121 113 13.6 16.2 67.5 68.1 18.9 15.7 3,567,371 4,347,445 288,897 384,933 2,768,158 3,347,763 530,316 614,749 7.5 8.9 77.6 77.0 14.9 14.1 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 286 350 141 182 160 267 19,956 23,518 1,693 3,035 16,306 17,245 1,957 3,238 8.5 12.9 81.7 73.3 9.8 13.8 28,740,614 32,201,440 2,473,877 3,639,010 23,446,962 24,058,094 2,819,775 4,604,336 8.6 11.0 81.6 74.7 9.8 14.3 Oil, cottonseed, and cake. . 1914 1909 21 17 192 172 20 5 4,471 3,073 353 254 3,899 2,779 219 40 7.9 8.3 87.2 90.4 4.9 1.3 41,944,689 29,915,772 2,757,792 2,350,319 37,300,135 27,377,843 1,886,762 187,610 6.6 7.9 88.9 91.5 4.5 0.6 Printing and publishing . . 1914 1909 774 678 189 159 225 230 4,690 4,408 1,463 1,297 2,575 2,310 652 801 31.2 29.4 54.9 52.4 13.9 18.2 15,051,269 11,587,255 3,417,858 2,726,781 9,701,286 7,080,296 1,932,125 1,780,178 22.7 23.5 64.5 61.1 12.8 15.4 Totalfor cities 1914 993 699 379 31,789 4,509 24,504 2,776 14.2 77.1 8.7 139,929,138 14,207,149 110,812,897 14,909,092 10.2 79.2 10.7 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 10 19 58 24 10 6 7 20 33 3 2 10 36 10 1 107 311 138 44 69 227 ■■■46' ,190 bf. 135.5 14.1 Ml 64v5 73.0 55.3 12.9' 21.3, so/ 311,346 986,087 , A^70,974 ■(gl91,055 '^^67,136 1129,155 135,955 848,436 506,679 160,454 182, 191 704, 137 1,603,512 3,676,681 106,682 141.5 13.8 25.2 9.8 136.2 58.5 71.4 47.6 70.8 63.8 145,995 919,026 1,007,695 14.8 27 3 19 4 Beownsville /ffifvas.v 82101°— 18- -93 1 Includes the group "all others.' 1474 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 14— Continued. INDUSTBT AND CITY. CtEBmtNB Dallas Demison Et Paso foet wobth.. Galveston. Houston IiABEDO Mabshall Palestine Fabis SanAnqelo.'.. San Antonio.. Shebuan Temple Texaekana Tyler Waco Wichita Falls Cen- sus year. 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 NUMBER OF ESTABUSHMENTS OWNED BY— Tndi- Cor- Tid- pora- uals. tions. 13 10 193 138 15 8 54 43 81 63 6,'i 32 130 104 16 5 R 15 11 6 17 15 15 8 143 74 15 15 13 13 10 16 5 8 54 45 14 12 All oth- ers. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 886 5,284 954 2,347 2,308 1,410 5,607 270 1,166 648 513 161 4,083 389 342 955 506 1,125 •377 In establishments owned by — Indi- vid- uals. 135 604 26 411 326 333 583 84 22 49 82 48 846 46 186 12 260 43 Cor- pora- SSI 4,020 898 1,797 1,780 931 4,431 144 1,134 592 3,059 301 247 749 454 685 250 All Oth- ers. 660 30 139 202 42 10 7 SI 27 178 42 26 20 40 180 84 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 14.0 11.4 2.7 17.5 14.1 23.6 10.4 31.1 1.9 7.6 16.0 29.8 20.7 11.8 20.2 19.5 2.4 23.1 11.4 Cor- pora- tions. 96.0 76.1 94.1 76.6 77.1 66.0 79.0 53.3 97.3 91.4 74.1 S3. 4 74.9 77.4 72.2 78.4 89.7 60.9 66.3 All oth- ers. 12.5 3.1 5.9 8.8 10.4 10.6 15.6 0.9 1.1 9.9 16.8 4.4 10.8 7.6 2.1 7.9 16.0 22.3 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Total. S2, 246, 263 31,065,073 2,068,788 6,135,214 9,973,882 8,691,969 25, 868, 010 344, 811 2,099,355 1,222,160 2,283,875 499, 148 17, 849, 240 7, 027, 747 1,451,925 1,994,009 896, 549 5,611,737 2,572,785 Of establishments owned by- Individ- uals. 1 $180, 015 1, 911, 873 99,186 969,758 1,298,353 894,964 1,882,598 158, 528 46,861 118, 591 440,203 132, 661 2,170,367 160,256 395,646 284,461 30,937 1, 186, lOS 165,117 Corpora- tions. $2,066,248 25. 703, 554 i; 834, 602 4, 890, 626 7,719,095 7, 278, 854 20, 462, 935 123,906 2,027,243 1,066,769 1,595,238 241, 749 15, 094, 563 6, 739, 644 980,804 1,676,331 725,937 3,628,556 683,040 All others, $3,449,646 135,000 274, 830 956, 434 518, 151 3, 522, 477 62, 377 25,251 36,800 248,434 124, 748 684,310 127,847 75,476 33, 217 139,676 797,076 1, 724, 628 Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. 18.0 6.2 4.8 15.8 13.0 10.3 7.3 46.0 2.2 9.7 19.3 26.6 12.2 2.3 27.2 Cor- pora- tions, 92.0 82.7 88.7 79.7 77.4 83.7 79.1 35.9 96.6 87.3 48.4 84.5 95.9 67.6 AU oth- 14.3 84.0 3.4 81.0 21.1 64.7 6.4 26.5 11.1 6.5 4.5 6.0 13.6 18.1 1.2 3.0 10.9 26.0 3.3 1.8 6.2 1.7 15.6 14.2 67.0 1 Includes the group "all others." This table shows, for all industries combined, an increase during the decade in the number of estab- lishments in the state for each form of ownership, the greatest increase being for those imder individual ownership. In 1914 the number of estabhshments under corporate ownership' represented only 29.2 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, while the average ntimber of wage earners and value of products of these establishments represented 80.9 and 86.8 per cent of the total, respectively. For both 1914 and 1909, with the exception of bread and other bakery products, by far the largest proportion of the total value of products for each of the eight industries for which separate statistics are given is shown for estabhshments tmder corporate ownership. This condition prevailed also as regards all industries combined in each of the 24 cities except Laredo and Wichita Falls. Size of establishments. — ^The tendency for man- ufacturing to become concentrated in large estab- hshments, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 16. Table 15 VALUE OF PRODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABUSH- MENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUPACIDEE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5,084 4,588 3,158 74,863 70,230 49,066 $361,279,303 $272,895,635 $150,628,389 $108,136,042 $94,717,120 $58,924,759 Less than $5,000 2,066 1,617 864 497 41 1,746 1,512 868 426 36 1,220 1,003 640 278 17 2,572 6,668 13,454 40,022 12,147 2,646 7,780 15,724 34,894 9,186 1,675 6,307 12,398 21,438 8,248 5,154,763 15,938,725 38,649,043 136,447,043 166,089,729 4,297,098 15,442,319 39,117,172 111,984,740 102,064,306 2,986,301 9,965,884 28,587,387 69,968,763 39,030,054 3,471,926 9,676,621 18,093,401 49,266,767 27,626,328 2,943,755 9,636,311 19,593,400 43,621,809 19,021,845 2,173,851 6,481,730 13,726,926 27,663,294 8,889,959 $5,000 to $20 000 $20,000 to $100,ODO $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PEE CENT DISTRIBUTION. All industries 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . . 40.6 31.8 17.0 9.8 0.8 38.1 33.0 18.9 9.3 0.8 38.6 31.8 20.3 8.8 0.6 3.4 8.9 18.0 53.4 16.2 3.8 11.1 22.4 49.6 13.1 3.4 10.8 25.3 43.7 16.8 1.4 4.4 10.7 37.8 45.7 1.6 5.7 14.3 41.0 37.4 2.0 6.6 19.0 46.5 26.9 3.2 8.9 16.7 45.6 25.5 3.1 10.2 20.7 45.9 20.1 8.7 $6,000 to $20,000 11.0 $20,000 to $100,000 . . . . 23.3 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over.. 46.9 16.1 Forty-one estabhshments, or eight-tenths of 1 per cent of the total number in "the state, each reported products exceeding $1,000,000 in value ia 1914, as compared with 36, or eight-tenths of 1 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 17, or five-tenths of 1 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments reported 16.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state; 45.7 per cent of the total value of products; and 25.5 per cent of the total vahie added by manufacture. In the same year the small estabhshments, those having products valued at less than $5,000, although representing 40.6 per cent of the total number of estabhshments, reported only 1.4 per cent of the total value of products. The great bulk of the manufac- turing was reported by estabhshments having prod- Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1475 ucts valued at $100,000 and over. These establish- ments reported more than three-fifths of the wage earners and an increased proportion of the value of products at each successive census. This proportion was 72.4 per cent ia 1904, 78.4 per cent in 1909, and 83.5 per cent in 1914. Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 11 of the more important industries, a classification of the number of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that pre- sented ia Table 15 for all industries combined . Table 16 NITMBER OP establish- ments. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MAmiFACTUEE. INDUSTEY AND VALUE OP PEODUCT. 1911 1909 Per cent distribution. 19U 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Beead and other BAKEEY 530 385 100.0 100.0 1,949 1,391 100.0 100.0 $7,503,298 $5,310,785 100.0 100.0 $3,361,461 1(2,248,540 100.0 100.0 Less than JS.OOO 221 235 69 5 81 163 173 45 4 106 41.7 44.3 13.0 0.9 100.0 42.3 44.9 11.7 1.0 100.0 131 563 689 566 1,811 93 448 403 447 2,355 6.7 28.9 35.4 29.0 100.0 6.7 32.2 29.0 32.1 100.0 632, 186 2,187,017 2,612,829 2,071,266 2,378,419 443,254 1,752,040 1,575,177 1,540,314 3,141,928 8.4 29.1 34.8 27.6 100.0 8.3 33.0 29.7 29.0 100.0 284,641 1,002,531 1,059,848 1,014,441 ■1,444,636 192,032 782,056 670,329 604,123 2,181,103 8.5 29.8 31.5 30.2 100.0 8.5 J5,000 to $20,000 34.8 120,000 to $100,000 29.8 $100,000 and over 1 26.9 Bbick, tile, potteey, and othee clay peoducts 100.0 Less than $5,000 18 25 38 63 28 32 46 62 22.2 30.9 46.9 100.0 26.4 30.2 43.4 100.0 62 264 1,485 10,915 98 405 1,852 9,782 3.4 14.6 82.0 100.0 4.2 17.2 78.6 100.0 48,868 234,970 2,094,681 15,276,387 76,946 382,796 2,682,186 13,358,948 2.1 9.9 88.1 100.0 2.4 12.2 85.4 100.0 34,608 151,047 1,258,981 9,297,959 61,333 269,634 1,850,136 7,812,818 2.4 10.5 87.1 100.0 2.8 $5,000 to $20,000 12.4 $20,000 and over 2 84.8 Caes and geneeal shop CONSTEtrCnON AND RE- PAIRS BY STEAM-RAILROAD COMPANIES 100.0 Less than $20,000 3 8 19 36 191 8 21 33 238 12.7 30.2 57.1 100.0 12.9 33.9 53.2 100.0 98 640 10,177 1,300 86 738 8,958 1,216 0.9 5.9 93.2 100.0 0.9 7.5 91.6 100.0 87,704 843,028 14,345,655 35,110,301 93,722 1,039,944 12,225,282 32,484,612 0.6 5.5 93.9 100.0 0.7 7.8 91.5 100.0 59,755 524,071 8,714,133 5,537,114 61,183 610,285 7,141,350 3,827,971 0.6 6.6 93.7 100.0 0.8 $20,000 to $100,000 7.8 $100,000 and over 1 91.4 Floxtr-mill and geistmell products 100.0 Less than $5,000 44 48 41 50 8 177 55 67 60 48 8 143 23.0 25.1 21.5 26.2 4.2 100.0 23.1 28.2 25.2 20.2 3.4 100.0 28 80 123 686 -383 3,036 39 95 187 570 325 2,925 2.1 6.1 9.5 62.8 29.5 100.0 3.2 7.8 15.4 46.9 26.7 100.0 120,014 512,312 1,752,997 19,727,433 12,997,545 8,782,481 157,754 729,934 2,847^449 17,034,774 11,714,701 8,067,941 0.3 1.5 5.0 56.2 37.0 100.0 0.5 2.2 8.8 52.4 36.1 100.0 34,559 113, 713 267,558 2,996,146 2,125,138 4,761,397 33,860 130,859 365,954 1,911,138 1,386,160 4,208,470 0.6 2.1 4.8 54.1 38.4 100.0 0.9 $5,000 to $20,000 3.4 $20,000 to $100,000 9.6 $100,000 to $1,000,000 49.9 $1,000,000 and over 36.2 Foundry and machine- shop PRODUCTS 100.0 Less than $5,000 51 66 41 19 255 40 41- 45 17 182 28.8 37.3 23.2 10.7 100.0 28.0 28.7 31.5 11.9 100.0 67 324 696 1,949 1,926 56 182 941 1,746 1,437 2.2 10.7 22.9 64.2 100.0 1.9 6.2 32.2 59.7 100.0 131,752 667,986 1,740,405 6,242,338 5,328,302 109,415 420,361 2,095,720 5,442,445 3,844,120 1.5 7.6 19.8 71.1 100.0 1.4 5.2 26.0 ■67.5 100.0 98,517 468,654 1,003,210 3,191,016 3,668,772 74,981 259,018 1,203,655 2,670,816 2,752,277 2.1 9.8 21.1 _67.0 100.0 1.8 $5,000 to $20,000 6.2 $20,000 to $100,000 28.6 $100,000 to $1,000,000 63.5 Ice, manupactueed 100.0 Less than $5,000 52 118 85 87 30 89 63 67 20.4 46.3 33.3 100.0 16.5 48.9 34.6 100.0 94 499 1,333 640 53 422 962 721 4.9 25.9 69.2 100.0 3.7 29.4 66.9 100.0 160,372 1,233,164 3,934,766 3,567,371 88,011 996,416 2,759,693 4,347,445 3.0 •23.1 73.8 100.0 2.3 25.9 71; 8 100.0 98,970 845,778 2,724,024 1,085,049 51,981 690,331 2,009,965 1,508,571 2.7 23.1 74.2 100.0 1.9 $5,000 to $20,'000 25.1 $20,000 and over 2 73.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 36 35 8 8 587 10 29 17 11 799 41.4 40.2 9.2 9.2 100.0 14.9 43.3 25.4 16.4 100.0 37 103 70 430 19,956 15 85 117 604 23,518 5.8 16.1 10.9 67.2 100.0 2.1 11.8 16.2 69.9 100.0 105,251 335,420 304,764 2,821,946 28,740,614 24,789 304,523 473,920 3,544,213 32,201,440 3.0 9.4 a5 79.1 100.0 0.6 7.0 10.9 81.5 100.0 63,442 169, 748 173,241 678,618 17,100,884 16,606 156,002 208,036 1,127,927 21,197,137 5.8 15.6 16.0 62.5 100.0 1.1 $5,000 to $20,'000 10.3 $20,000 to $100,000 13.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 74.8 Lumber and timber prod- ucts 100 Less than $5,000 247 179 92 69 233 268 277 171 83 194 42.1 30.5 15.7 11.7 100.0 33.6 34.7 21.4 10.4 100.0 763 1,364 2,488 15,341 4,471 965 2,536 5,100 14,917 3,073 3.8 6.8 12.5 76.9 100.0 4.1 10.8 21.7 63.4 100.0 603,088 1,816,379 4,173,421 22,147,726 41,944,689 677,573 2,865,585 7,321,010 21,337,272 29,915,772 2.1 6.3 14.5 77.1 100.0 2.1 8.9 22.7 66.3 100.0 440,358 1,223,546 2,404,893 13,032,087 5,768,113 535, 117 2,167^802 4,828,209 13,666,009 6,476,711 2.6 7.2 14.1 76.2 100.0 2.5 $5,000 to $20,000 10 2 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1. ,. 64.5 Oil, cottonseed and cake.. 100.0 Less than $20,000 s 9 75 143 6 1,188 13 84 93 4 1,067 3.9 32.2 61.4 2.6 100.0 6.7 43.3 47.9 2.1 100.0 33 804 3,251 383 4,690 45 864 1,905 259 4,408 18^0 72.7 8.6 100.0 1.5 28.1 62.0 8.4 100.0 114,343 5,052,173 28,321.123 8, 457; 050 15,051,269 185, 727 5,611,685 19,283,293 4,835,067 11,587,255 0.3 12.0 67.5 20.2 100.0 0.6 18.8 64.5 16.2 100.0 20,718 680,275 4,111,456 955,664 11,054,001 46,674 1,185,847 4,283,539 960,651 8,780,015 0.4 11.8 71.3 16.6 100.0 7 $20,000 to $100,000 18.3 68.1 14.8 100.0 $100,000 to $1,000,000. . . $1,000,000 and over Feinting and pubushing Less than $5,000 752 326 84 26 21 684 304 59 20 14 63.3 27.4 7.1 2.2 100.0 64.1 28.5 5.5 1.9 100.0 784 1,258 1,181 1,467 3,491 853 1,333 918 1,304 3,639 16.7 26.8 25.2 31.3 100.0 19.4 30.2 20.8 29.6 100.0 1,785,412 3,019,565 ,3,297,642 6,948,650 52,990,000 1,599,081 2,810,953 2,498,110 4,679,111 42,629,746 11.9 20.1 21.9 46.2 100.0 13.8 24.3 21.6 40.4 100.0 1,458,704 2,425,857 2,371,281 4,798,159 8,532,880 1,289,812 2,255,737 1,824,074 3,410,392 5,119,961 13.2 21.9 21.5 43.4 100.0 14 7 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 20.8 38.8 100.0 $100,000 and over' Slaughtering and meat Less than $100,000 < 8 9 4 5 5 4 38.1 42.9 19.0 35.7 35.7 28.6 26 263 3,202 17 188 3,434 0.7 7.5 91.7 0.5 5.2 94.4 229, 767 3,178,127 49,582,106 58,481 1,533,664 0.4 fi.n 0.1 3.6 96.3 39,434 640,286 7,853,160 23,774 329,358 4,766,829 0.5 7.5 92.0 0.5 6.4 93.1 $100,000 to $1,000,000 , $1,000,000 and over. . . . 40 937 601 1 93 fi I 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 2 Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000." 3 Includes the group "less than $5,000." < Includes the groups "less than $6,000" and "$5,000 to $20,000." Four of the industries, foundry and. machine-shop I and timb^ products, show a larger proportion of estab- products, manufactured ice, leather ^i^/^Ha9(u4rfej^ /f/^iOfiOSfiyiffilhe class having a value of products less 1476 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. than $5,000 in 1914 than in 1909. The proportion of average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture in this class has also increased for each of these industries except average number of wage earners and value of products for the liunber and timber industry. For the class of estabhshments having products val- ued at $100,000 or more in 1914, steam-raUroad repair shops, flour-mUls and gristmills, lumber and timber mills, cottonseed-on miUs, and printing and publishing estabhshments show a larger proportion than in 1909 for every item in the table. The actual number of wage earners and amount of the value of product shown are also greater. Table 17 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 24 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. Table 17 5! IZi WAGE EARNEES. VALUE OF FBODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BT MANUFACTUEE. CITY AND VALUE OP PEODUCT. f »■ 'A ■WAGE EAKNEES. VALUE of peoducts. VALUE added by MANUFACTUEE. CITY AND VALXTE OF PKODUCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Abilene 18 107 100.0 $311,346 100.0 $145,930 100.0 Laeedo 28 270 100.0 344,811 100.0 201,066 100.0 6 6 6 36 5 24 78 311 4.7 22.4 72.9 100.0 16,655 71,365 223,326 986,087 5.3 22.9 71.7 100.0 11,478 41,706 92,746 476,639 7.9 28.6 63.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 10 12 6 28 22 101 147 1,166 8.1 37.4 54.4 100.0 27,288 121,615 195,908 2,099,355 7.9 35.3 56.8 100.0 17,901 72,149 111,016 1,033,631 8.9 S5 000 to S20 000 $5,000 to $20,000 35.9 «20,000 to $100,000 Amaeillo $20,000 to $100,000 Maeshall 65.2 100.0 Less than S6.000 13 15 8 114 16 58 237 891 5.1 18.6 76.2 100.0 43,118 167,005 775,964 3,370,974 ' 4.4 16.9 78.7 100.0 27,614 94,429 354,596 1,657,109 5.8 19.8 74.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 8 10 6 4 20 9 45 110 1,002 648 0.8 3.9 9.4 85.9 100.0 18,579 104, 175 202,618 1,773,983 1,222,160 0.9 5.0 9.7 845 100.0 11,123 60,539 126,489 835,480 638,064 LI ^5,000 to $20,000 $5,000 to $20,000 5.9 420,000 and over 1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 12.2 80.8 100.0 38 49 18 9 67 28 150 357 356 1,073 3.1 16.8 40.1 40.0 100.0 99,562 471,010 903,088 1,897,314 5,191,055 3.0 14.0 26.8 56.3 100.0 67, 077 283,247 540,704 ' 766,081 1,748,794 4.0 17.1 32.6 46.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 3t5 000 to $20,000 6 7 7 42 10 35 603 513 1.5 5.4 93.1 100.0 16,295 78,546 1,127,319 2,283,875 1.3 6.4 92.2 100.0 12,623 48,036 577,405 745,457 2.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Beaumont $5,000 to $20,000 7.5 $20,000 and over 1 Paeis 90.5 100.0 Trf^qq thftTl $5 000 16 13 26 12 14 23 91 404 555 76 2.1 8:5 37.7 51.7 100.0 40,699 172,928 1,051,922 3,925,506 167,136 0.8 3.3 20.3 75.6 100.0 23,470 108,010 671,115 1,046,199 93,057 1.3 6.2 32.7 69.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 11 14 9 8 30 8 66 131 308 161 1.6 12.9 25.5 60.0 100.0 28,796 178,013 415,569 1,661,497 499,148 1.3 7.8 18.2 72.7 100.0 19,460 116,213 183,497 426,287 232,111 2.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 San Anqelo Less than $5,000 15.6 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Brownsville 24.6 57.2 100.0 5 9 26 7 69 886 9.2 90.8 100.0 9,840 157,296 2,246,263 5.9 94.1 100.0 6,629 86,428 887,182 7.1 92.9 100.0 8 13 9 239 4 43 114 4,083 2.5 26.7 70.8 100.0 17,694 142,283 339,171 17,849,240 3.5 28..5 67.9 100.0 11,944 71,009 149,158 7,759,626 5.1 SL^; non nnd ovpr 2 $5,000 to $20,000 30.6 Cleburne $20,000 and over i San Antonio Less than $5,000 64.3 100.0 I.ess than $5,000 4 13 9 412 2 42 842 5,284 0.2 4.7 95.0 100.0 6,765 122,669 2,116,829 31,065,073 0.3 5.5 94.2 100.0 3,812 70,514 812,856 11,494,716 0.4 7.9 91.6 100.0 62 92 68 24 3 36 70 390 1,018 2,187 418 389 1.7 9.6 24.9 53.6 10.2 100.0 138,739 943,523 3,172,217 8,138,384 5,456,377 7,027,747 0.8 5.3 17.8 45.6 30.6 100.0 96,213 602,621 1,430,485 2,954,339 2,675,968 1,163,713 1.2 $20,000 and over ' Dallas $5,000 to $20,000 7.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1000,000 $1,000,000 and over Sheeman 18.4 38.1 34.5 129 137 108 29 9 30 106 512 1,476 2,081 1,109 954 2.0 9.7 27.9 39.4 21.0 100.0 337,994 1,522,201 5,075,840 9,370,654 14,758,384 2,068,788 1.1 4.9 16.3 30.2 47.5 100.0 251,449 986,692 2,887,244 4,175,432 3,193,899 894,136 2.2 8.6 25.1 36.3 27.8 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Denison Less than $5,000. ... 9 8 12 7 37 13 30 158 188 342 3.3 7.7 40.6 48.3 100.0 . 23,641 ' 72,764 477,160 6,454,182 1,451,925 0.3 1.0 6.8 91.8 100.0 13,008 49,547 276,007 825,151 493,642 1.1 $5,000 to $20,000 4.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over* Temple 23.7 70.9 Less than $5,000 10 10 6 4 117 10 32 61 851 2,347 1.0 3.4 6.4 89.2 100.0 23,940 98,794 254,449 1,691,605 6,135,214 1.2 4.8 12.3 81.8 100.0 14,514 49,422 122,959 707,241 3,262,343 1.6 5.5 13.8 79.1 100.0 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 El Paso. Less than $5,000 12 12 10 3 29 14 42 112 174 955 4.1 12.3 32.7 50.9 100.0 41,018 106,751 470,610 833,546 1,994,009 2.8 7.4 32.4 57.4 100.0 25,069 59,819 230,737 178,017 879,478 5.1 $5,000 to $20,000 12.1 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Texaekana 46.7 36.1 Less than $5,000 19 48 36 14 180 23 209 568 1,547 2,308 1.0 8.9 24.2 65.9 100.0 42,006 630,429 1,408,516 4,154,263 9,973,882 0.7 8.6 23.0 67.7 100.0 28,456 314,448 756,253 2,163,186 4,141,655 0.9 9.6 23.2 66.3 100.0 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 FOET WOKTH Less than $6,000 4 12 6 7 20 12 85 160 698 506 1.3 8.9 16.8 _ 73.1 100.0 12,155 143,618 265,571 1,572,665 896,549 0.6 7.2 13.3 78.9 100.0 6,029 81,412 177,712 614,325 447,901 0.7 $5,000 to $20, 000 9.3 $20,000 to $100,000 «100,000 to $1,000,000 Tylee 20.2 69.9 Less than $5,000 49 57 55 19 116 64 221 599 1,434 1,410 2.3 9.6 26.0 62.1 100.0 142, 128 637,960 2,164,296 7,029,498 8,691,969 1.4 6.4 21.7 70.5 100.0 100,729 406,549 1,113,621 2,520,856 2,976,118 2.4 9.8 26.9 60.9 100.0 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over < Galveston T/ft.ssthft7i$s nnn , , , . 6 7 7 125 9 29 468 1,125 1.8 5.7 92.5 100.0 16,622 74,767 805,160 5,611,737 1.9 8.3 89.8 100.0 11,431 39,711 396,759 2,028,547 2.6 $5,000 to $20,000 8.9 $20,000 and over 1 Waco 88.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 s"^ flon to S9n flflo 25 48 28 15 276 19 213 383 795 5,607 1.3 15.1 27.2 56.4 100.0 64,662 518,120 1,213,539 6,895,648 25,868,010 0.7 6.0 14.0 79.3 100.0 44,662 312,796 553,793 2,064,867 9,744,040 1.5 10.5 18.6 69.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 39 38 32 16 31 33 146 440 506 377 2.9 13.0 39.1 45.0 100.0 75,468 396,208 1,348,412 3,791,649 2,572,786 1.3 7.1 24.0 67.6 100.0 51,523 211,458 665,970 1,099,596 657,687 2.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over < Houston $5,000 to $20,000 10.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Wichita Falls Less than 120,000 s $20,000 and over ' 32.8 54.2 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 66 92 72 39 7 59 363 974 2,039 2,172 1.1 6.5 17.4 36.4 38.7 161,459 945,151 3,068,802 10,005,271 11,687,327 0.6 3.7 11.9 38.7 45.2 118,931 591,223 1,573,498 4,123,428 3,336,960 1.2 6.1 16.1 42.3 34.2 18 13 56 321 14.9 85.1 186^340 2,386,445 7.2 92.8 97,716 559,971 14.9 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 85.1 I Includes the groups "$100,000 to $1,000,PH0.' ^Includes the groups "$20,000 to $100,OOQp^ 8 Includes the groups "8100,000 and to $1**' Itii^^^MQfoson® < Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 6 Includes the group "less than $5,000." MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1477 In most of the cities the same general condition pre- vails as in the state as a whole, namely, the preponder- ance as to the nmnber of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture for estab- lishments having" products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentages of total value of products reported by establishments of this class, 91.8, 84.5, 83.9, and 81.8 per cent, appear for Sher- man, Marshall, Houston, and Denison, respectively; and the lowest, 56.3, for Austin, and 57.4, for Temple. Table 18 shows the size of establishments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for 24 of the more important industries, and for each of the 24 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, together with similar percent- ages for 1909 for the industries. Table 18 TOTAL. ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING— INBUSTBT AND aXT. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earn- ers. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). Is ■Ms n n Il li Si as in 1^ jj li P n ^i All iudiostries 5,084 74,853 668 2,872 6,685 978 10,817 312 9,789 112 8,141 96 15,604 27 8,502 15 10,322 4 4 993 Bread and other bakery products. . . . 530 81 63 19 4 18 46 247 12 191 177 30 27 255 87 13 587 135 233 1,188 16 21 6 6 1,092 2,071 1,949 1,811 10,915 583 583 1,062 773 728 1,875 1,300 3,036 595 613 1,926 640 958 19,956 464 4,471 4,690 345 3,491 809 360 10,930 31,789 110 1 358 21 2 8 747 67 7 23 55 27 9 4 571 341 127 42 5 25 13 3 137 757 400 113 1 2 14 1 3 3 1 142 296 2,244 166 491 407 101 1 352 Brick, tile, pottery, and otlier clay products. Cars and general snop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies Cars and general shop construction and re- 5 11 3 1 4 4 360. 823 239 92 289 306 8 2,480 5 3,494 1 1,340 Clothing, men's ...... 23 1 20 193 3 56 414 10 5 1 363 189 23 11 30 i2i 291 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 3 3 10 4 2 1 5 3 23 250 181 719 306 124 75 366 196 1,672 8 1,334 1 291 JHrviir-TTiill aTid grfstmill products. . , 26 11 4 ...... 11 •"il- ls "299" 108 91 10 13 162 63 3 292 98 18 724 225 234 26 41 471 145 11 839 226 61 1,548 41 42 8 10 72 6 2 170 22' 144 121 9 7 465 432 87 111 801 75 24 1,810 187 1,893 1,184 140 113 13 16 4 429 437 176 Foundry and machine-shop products 6 937 1 277 2 337 Tr^o, niH^iu^fv^-nrpd . . . . , 19 2 1 34 2 62 33 7 1 3 4 49 185 679 54 50 1,116 51 1,850 996 205 22 123 148 1,571 5,802 Liquors, malt.. 3 34 423 6,097 1 13 254 4,094 TmmhpTftTiH timbflTprodTT^+S.... , , .. 7 4,328 Marl>l<^ and ston^ work. 8 8 539 574 1 3 128 388 Printing j^nH piih]is>iing Ri™, cle:aning and pnlishing , . , . . 7 16 2 138 1 2 1 10 40 201 286 192 1,434 5,929 1 1 354 400 2 2,647 Wood preserving. 1 187 509 10 1,992 5,585 150 232 680 1,029 1,525 2,735 12 64 902 4,639 3 6 2,600 3,494 1 1 1,006 1,339 Total for cities 7 2,266 Abilene. . . .. 18 36 114 67 14 26 412 30 117 180 116 276 28 28 20 42 30 239 36 37 29 20 125 31 107 311 891 1,073 76 886 6,284 954 2,347 2,308 1,410 5,607' 270 1,166 648 513 161 4,083 389 342 955 506 1,125 377 3 1 20 5 1 3 63 2 8 19 12 33 2 3 1 3 i 19 3 2 2 23 11 27 65 24 10 IS 198 18 56 91 57 128 12 13 8 21 18 115 16 26 13 11 57 19 37 67 138 65 25 42 484 36 179 243 165 352 30 32 14 50 34 333 48 67 45 34 157 58 2 7 16 22 2 6 96 7 35 51 31 67 10 7 10 10 6 62 11 4 5 4 30 8 22 69 169 269 26 67 1,041 74 414 553 315 734 92 80 103 108 59 646 131 52 61 64 350 96 2 48 Atwap.it.t.o 1 1 1 175 166 175 11 13 1 1 29 2 11 10 8 25 3 3 349 396 25 26 792 64 378 364 258 759 84 94 1 2 69 168 Beattmont. 1 751 Dallas.. 17 1,241 8 1,374 1 352 Denison 1 1 780 580 El Paso... 3 3 8 14 1 214 231 553 1,043 64 2 5 1 7 306 611 119 1,026 1 1 276 306 Poet Wobth. . . Houston 1 354 1 1,339 TWatwttat.t.. . . 1 108 1 1 852 531 Vki.v.fvpn^. Paris 7 2 24 6 4 6 2 12 3 247 68 750 210 109 200 64 413 104 1 108 San Angelo... . 11 794 6 926 •2 634 Sherman. . Temple . 1 4 114 602 1 57 TyLEB, . . 1 344 Waco 3 205 WimnTA FAT.T„q 1 119 ■■■ 1 ' ' 'Considering the total for all industries, there were 668 estabhshments in operation during 1914 in which no wage earners were employed. These are small es- ta,blishments in which the work is done by the propri- etors or firm members. In some cases thffly^molc few wage earners for short periods, MtiaielaS so small and the period so short that, in computing the average number as described in the "Explanation of terms," no wage earners could be shown for the estab- hshment. Printing and publishing and bread and bak- wdy*^ are the industries in which the largest numuer or tnese small establishments were reported. 1478 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. The comparatively small establishments still pre- domiaate ia the majority of the industries of the state. Of the 5,084 establishments reported for all industries, 4,518, or 88.9 per cent, employed on the average 20 or less wage earners during the year. On the other hand, while the small estabhshments predominate in num- ber, they gave employment to only 17,502 wage earn- ers, or 23.4 per cent of the total in all establishments. There were only 142 establishments in the state that reported the employment of more than 100 wage earn- ers each, but these estabhshments gave employment to 39,421, or 52.7 per cent of the total average num- ber of wage earners reported. These large estabhsh- ments are shown especially for steam-railroad repair shops, lumber and timber mills, petroleum refining, and slaughtering and meat packing. The total for the 24 cities for all industries combined shows the same conditions generally as shown in the state as a whole — 85.4 per cent of the establishments employed not more than 20 wage earners, and these wage earners constituted but 26.2 per cent of the total number. Cleburne, Marshall, Palestine, and Denison reported the largest percentage, more than 80 per cent, of the wage earners in estabhshments employing more than 100, but these are practically all employees in raUroad-repair shops in these towns. The largest cities, with the percentage showing the proportion of wage earners in estabhshments employing more than 50 wage earners, are as follows: San Antonio, 57.6 per cent; Dallas, 56.2 per cent; Houston, 67.1 per cent; and Fort Worth, 49.8 per cent. Table 19 Cen- stis year. PEB CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUJIBER OF WAGE EAKNEES IN ESTABU3HMENT3 EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBEK. INDUSTKT AND CLIY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 61 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 61 to 100 101 to 250 261 to 500 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914- 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 8.9 8.3 14.5 17.1 13.1 13.9 10.9 12.2 20.8 23.9 11.4 11.7 13.8 7.0 6.7 5.9 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 48.7 33.2 1.4 2.7 33.0 36.1 "'o'i 0.5 0.1 40.3 61.6 42.3 51.2 26.2 25.1 40.6 30.2 3.2 0.7 11.0 15.2 41.4 32.3 21.2 14.5 69.4 56.8 0.6 2.6 15.2 42.3 9.4 14.4 14.4 18.3 Oil, cottonseed, and cake Printing and publishing Bice, ideaiiing and polishing Slaugjitering and meat packing. TiirpentiTie and rosin 12.1 10.4 12.2 11.2 2.9 3.4 8.3 13.0 Bread and other bakery prod- 38.3 37.6 3.7 3.0 0.1 0.1 3.9 7.0 29.3 25.2 18.8 21.9 1.2 1.4 7.2 42.2 7.0 7.6 41.8 48.9 3.7 2.3 19.4 60.9 19.3 9.1 7.5 8.9 41.0 7.3 7.5 16.3 17.1 20.6 24.3 28.5 18.1 22.1 Brick, tile, pottery, and otlier clay products. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs bysteam-rail- road companies. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by electrio- railroad companies. Cement 22.7 25.9 32.0 26.4 12.3 10.7 13.3 4.0 2.1 ■45.'7 '2i.'3 8.3 14.8 14.6 5.8 9.8 35.4 48.4 54.9 57.1 13.1 15.3 18.7 10.1 75.8 84.6 15.8 25.1 27.2 28.2 39.6 26.8 84.2 64.4 38.3 14.6 13.1 31.9 49.4 10.5 34.2 48.0 24.5 16.5 3.2 7.1 Wood preserving. . . 14.0 15.4 8.6 6.9 2.9 12.2 18.2 24.4 17.6 PlnthlTip'. TTlftTl^fi 0.3 0.3 7.2 8.6 66.9 34.1 "9.' 6 15.7 17.2 40.0 58.8 'is.'? 7.1 22.9 11.0 9.2 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Total for cities 4.2 13.3 31.9 13.9 5.3 23.7 15.6 61.4 45.4 20.2 36.8 3.9 71.2 66.9 15.5 Abilene... . Cotton goods ... 34.6 21.6 15.6 6.1 20.6 22.2 19.0 25.1 44.9 17.3 25.4 7.7 5.6 4.4 3.4 6.7 5.6 24.4 21.9 22.7 17.6 1.1 1.3 4.2 3.9 1.3 35.S 34.6 14.2 15.3 14.6 7.8 18.1 11.7 41.6 45.4 11.7 15.4 2.5 2.1 9.1 14.7 33.0 34.6 14.4 17.2 29.6 12.7 '20'.b 30.1 32.8 8.4 25.0 6.2 3.1 5.6 10.7 56.3 18.6 16.3 Austin 39.2 36.9 7.7 15.7 Hour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. Brownsville. . 30.9 27.1 9.1 19.1 Cleburne 4.7 9.2 3.8 7.6 10.6 11.7 6.3 11.1 2.7 2.2 9.7 21.1 8.2 12.3 19.6 4.7 6.7 14.0 16.4 7.6 19.7 7.8 17.6 24.0 22.3 13.1 34.1 6.9 15.9 21.1 36.6 15.8 33.7 15.2 6.3 12.6 31.1 25.5 2.9 15.0 6.7 16.1 16.8 18.3 13.6 31.1 8.1 84.8 Foimdry and machine-shop products. T)AT.T,AS 23.5 "g.'i 10.0 39.2 18.6 23.7 26.0 'is.'o 26.6 8.4 18.3 6.7 'ii.'s 13.3 Denison 81.8 24.7 El Paso . Furniture and refrigerators . Port Worth 30.7 55.0 27.0 Galveston v Houston 6.3 2.3.9 Gas, illuminating and heating. . Laredo Marshall 9.3 73.1 81.9 Palestine T*'^, TnaTiuf?inT^(^r f^^ f^st-^Nip^mpTits 1255 $122,733 1 182 $96,310 125 MATERIALS. Ammonia, total cost $53, 311 Anhydrous- 390,297 $116,652 105,356 $6,181 $5,328,302 307,399 $93,017 68,898 $3,293 $3,844,120 170,316 Cost $51,056 35,047 Aqua — Cost $2,255 PKODUCTS. $2,083,880 Total ice: Tons (2,000 lbs.) . . 1,149,074 $4,981,332 1,147,490 $4,968,488 1,584 $12,844 $346,970 766,166 $3,601,968 763,911 $3,689,488 2,255 $12,480 $242,162 426,755 $2,014,702 Value Can— Tons (2,000 lbs.) 425, 195 Value $2,009,305 1,560 $5,397 $69, 178 Plate- Tons (2,000 lbs.) Value All other products, value 1 In addition, in 1914, 36 establishments engaged in the manufacture of products other than ice made 239,790 tons of ice, valued at $824,401, and in 1909, 20 similar establishments made 163,313 tons, valued at $541,467. Texas ranked first among the states in the manu- facture of ice, $5,328,302 being the value of the prod- ucts of this industry. Of this amount, $4,481,332 represents the value of 1,149,074 tons of ice, and $346,970 the value of other products. In addition, 239,790 tons of ice, valued at $824,401, were manu- factured in establishments engaged primarily ia some other iadustry. Can ice was practically the entire product and shows iacreases ia quantity and value for each census period. The five-year period from 1904 to 1909 shows an iacrease of 78.6 per cent ia the value of this kind of ice, and the later period, 24.5 per cent. As shown by the table, of the total cost of am- monia used, that of anhydrous represented nearly 95 per cent, being used ia 253 of the 255 establishments reportiag. The compressor system was the most common, 245 of the estabhshments usiag this method of manufacture, two of which also used the absorption system. There were 345 ice machines reported, with an ice-making capacity' of 8,304 tons per day of 24 hours. The storage space reported for ice was 3,098,865 cubic feet, and for gen( 4,617,083 cubic feet. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not iacluded ia the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 28, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Texas for 1914 and 1909. Table 28 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. Salaried employees ...'. Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 185 5,254 221 428 4,605 6,063 $3,443,394 2,603,511 485, 562 2,117,949 21,578 134, 847 1,071,622 5,521,841 1909 127 3,514 150 291 3,073 3,195 1,005,200 ,564,999 261, 198 ,293,801 6,035 59,512 471,421 1,220,315 Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 45.7 49.5 47.3 47.1 49.9 89.8 71.7 67.4 86.9 63.7 257.5 126.6 127.3 71.5 In 1914 Texas ranked eighth among the states in amount received for work done and ninth in number of persons engaged in steam laundries; in 1909 it ranked tenth in value of work done and niath ia num- ber of persons engaged. Establishments owned by individuals reported 23.8 per cent of the amount re- ceived for work done; those owned by corporations 58.1 per cent; and those under other forms of owner- ship, 18.1 per cent. Table 29 shows for 1914 and 1909 the number of wage earners employed in the laimdrtes on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number reported for any month of the same year. Table 29 January . . February. March April May Jime July August . . . September October... November Deoember- WAGE EARNERS. Number. 1914 4,362 4,319 4,360 4,609 4,684 4,894 5,072 6,019 4,844 4,555 4,378 4,279 1909 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 2,791 85.8 85.0 2,847 85.2 86.7 2,891 86.0 88.0 2,976 88.9 90.6 3,048 92.4 92.8 3,160 96.5 96.2 3,232 100.0 98.4 3,284 99.0 100.0 3,277 95.5 99.8 3,172 89.8 96.6 3,112 86.3 94.8 3,090 84.4 941 1909 Table 30 shows the kiads and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 30 Anthracite coal Bituminous coal Coke Oil, including gasoline . Gas Wood. Unit. Tons (2,240 lbs.) Tons (2,000 lbs.) Tons (2,000 lbs.) Barrels 1,000 cubic feet.. Cords 1914 1,146 56,464 51, 189 468,096 T^lolflZdu^' l\ ^ICrOSOftiS^r cent not shown where base is less than ^ ^ a"Nrn+ oollorl fnr at thfinftnsns of 1Q14_ 1909 4 41,990 S3 17,410 67, 086 4,275 Per cent of increase, 1909-1914. 34.5 0) 194.0 597.8 a Not called for at the census of 1914. 100. MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 31 gives statistics as to the kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percent five-year period. 1483 of increase for the Table 31 NUMBEB OF HORSEPOWER. KIND. NITMBER or ENGINES OK MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. KINB. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914.1 Amount. Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914.1 1914 1909 1911 1909 1911 1909 1914 1909 442 235 6,063 3,195 89.8 Primary power — Continued. Ken ted 220 220 112 112 ■ 751 751 273 263 10 175.1 Owned 222 162 U 49 123 120 3 6,312 5,109 101 102 2,922 2,865 57 81.8 78.3 185.6 Bteam engines and turbines Other Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors Electric— Generated in establishments 278 38 644 124 419.4 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. aENEBAL TABLES. Table 32 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 in- habitants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 33 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of individual operations, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, for all industries combined. Table 32.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts- Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBrNED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Brooms.. Butter. Canning and preserving i . Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by electric-railroad compa- nies. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Cement Clothing, men's.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 5,084 4,588 3,158 630 385 244 81 106 114 31 32 51 36 10 22 19 20 32 50 2 34 19 14 63 62 47 4 3 18 25 a 16 74,863 70,230 49,066 1,949 1,391 851 1,811 2,355 1,526 177 184 138 174 84 5 213 158 119 205 412 211 583 10,915 9,782 583 362 1,062 992 335,791 282,471 164,637 544,821 37,907 24,469 2,325 1,281 473 8,866 8,411 3,897 149 119 45 1,360 477 62 423 243 227 446 374 118 2,354 529 13,205 7,335 3,735 18,150 7,700 359 73 S253,144 178,179 91,604 1,095 671 395 801 980 561 95 80 62 79 45 23 140 2G7 124 416 130 7,826 6,715 5.370 371 261 394 312 179 $361,279 272,896 150,528 4,142 3,062 1,752 934 961 264 210 142 1,752 530 49 630 201 208 156 319 130 268 120 5,978 5,546 4,476 1,264 403 1,285 1,007 672 7,603 5,311 3,049 2,378 3,142 1,632 460 394 258 2,281 660 63 1,211 498 332 830 735 278 15,276 13,369 10,473 2,331 855 2,086 1,759 1,205 Coffee, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery.. Cooperage. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Cotton goods. Fertilizers. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations. Foundry and machine- shop products.* Furniture and refrigera- tors. Gas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 1904 36 24 4 145 135 20 619 429 59 $83 66 9 $2,553 1,740 202 1914 1909 1904 46 49 23 773 717 489 790 607 338 282 218 147 1,452 1,459 668 1914 1909 1904 6 11 20 218 243 235 511 346 640 93 98 127 595 488 495 1914 1909 1904 247 168 8 75 728 733 465 287 211 49 561 532 309 1,017 1,081 565 1914 1909 1904 12 13 13 1,875 1,590 993 5,948 4,835 3,452 675 501 270 2,643 1,793 1,018 1914 1909 8 3 101 9 522 63 63 3 366 49 1914 1909 1904 191 238 154 1,300 1,216 986 19,968 20,765 16,249 798 669 528 29,573 28,657 18,963 1914 1909 1904 26 23 11 317 284 153 1,258 1,322 135 136 108 51 3,332 4,580 209 1914 1909 1904 177 143 a 111 3,036 2,925 2,080 7,810 5,287 2,781 2,108 1,925 1,268 4,021 3,859 2,302 1914 1909 1904 30 25 15 . 595 701 294 1,883 1,879 429 367 331 147 616 765 203 1914 1909 1904 27 27 19 613 575 164 1,759 1,090 325 354 288 103 768 645 197 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." 3 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosing operations of individual establishments. a Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of mdividual operations. * Includes "automobile repairing," "hardware, saddlery;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." $3,326 2,226 244 2,565 2,451 1,155 769 719 741 2,238 2,214 1,195 3,755 2,815 1,587 57 35,110 32,485 22,083 4,052 5,229 375 8,782 8,068 5,179 1,278 1,512 491 2,185 1,644 719 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1484 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 32 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, ANB 1904— Continued. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Ice, manufactured Leather goods 1... Liquors, malt Lumber and timber prod- ucts.* Marble and stone work . . Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters. . Oil, cottonseed, and cake. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations.* 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1814 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 255 182 125 87 67 2 60 13 12 10 587 799 391 135 107 63 59 50 27 262 212 177 233 194 157 61 69 1,926 1,437 640 721 748 958 766 626 19,966 23,518 14,623 464 605 346 283 233 3H 545 400 321 4,471 3,073 2,739 116 145 103 42,271 29,905 18,468 377 601 297 9,068 7,817 4,763 73,752 88,031 43,622 1,531 1,016 586 687 488 1,190 638 367 60,772 46,185 33,960 97 51 17 $1,138 839 461 429 463 474 806 5C6 412 10,904 11, 602 6,500 358 425 223 152 118 124 277 185 135 2,087 1,296 1,020 52 62 35 $1, 660 1,092 673 2,482 2,839 2,054 2,929 1,695 1,095 11,640 11,004 4,955 623 502 300 602 362 40q. 902 473 337 36, 177 23,439 15,806 411 241 S5, 328 3,844 2,084 3,567 4,347 3,365 8,471 6,464 4,154 28,741 32,201 18,880 1,367 1,443 778 1,060 658 697 1,913 1,284 984 41,945 29,916 18,699 740 1,014 700 Printing and pubhshing = Eice, cleaning and polish- ing. Salt. Shipbuilding, wooden, in- cluding boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing.8 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes. Turpentine and rosin Wood preserving All other industries. . 1914 1909 1904 1,188 1,067 2 850 4,690 4,408 3,444 6,111 4,392 2,756 13,557 2,785 2,071 S3, 997 2,807 1,763 1914 1909 1904 16 19 17 345 430 432 5,366 6,274 4,509 199 189 212 6,366 7,122 3,508 1914 1909 1904 3 6 7 140 162 172 809 447 497 75 82 74 227 216 195 1914 1909 1904 14 6 8 16S 36 30 316 21 7 123. 30 23 279 34 16 1914 1909 1904 21 14 '9 3,491 3,639 2,019 12,313 11,330 2,086 2,073 1,902 866 44,457 37,410 13,593 1914 1909 1904 66 67 86 344 339 347 3 7 7 159 141 169 240 182 211 1914 1909 6 3 809 219 21 10 207 80 98 42 1914 1909 1904 6 6 6 350 417 304 2,950 1,595 615 227 215 117 2,641 3,315 1,239 1914 1909 1904 415 262 ISO 7,784 4,605 3,620 18,670 21,012 19,344 5,146 2,687 1,896 74,127 27,859 12,632 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OB MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. DALLAS— All indus- tries. Bread and other bakery products. Clotliing, men's.. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Foundry and maoUne- shop products .8 Ice, manufactured - Leather goods' — Lumber, planing - mill products, not Including planing mills connected with sawmills .i" Marble and stone work . . . Printing and publishing" Tobacco manufactures — All other Industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904. 1914 1909 1904 412 305 247 '4 122 88 '74 7 5 27 152 123 85 5,284 4,882 3,445 513 384 170 370 200 174 185 162 136 101 130 99 756 691 605 130 106 40 293 297 328 190 213 215 57 73 24 708 731 474 22 31 37 1,959 1,874 1,243 15,517 13,808 917 483 107 38 187 273 1,179 1,064 2,766 2,771 170 329 335 405 275 208 1,018 760 8,469 7,398 $3,464 2,604 1,759 $19, 670 16,966 9,207 267 116 78 147 55 44 68 62 43 81 102 65 560 420 309 76 66 26 191 173 204 145 163 107 46 52 17 660 461 336 11 13 16 1,222 941 514 987 894 451 429 230 241 229 279 163 1,041 1,033 692 144 77 41 1,499 1,518 960 419 437 237 116 68 28 1,146 802 412 20 18 27 13, 179 11,331 5,742 $31,066 26,969 16, 628 1,939 1,496 727 377 458 616 570 377 443 .483 298 2,499 2,130 1,602 426 276 149 2,019 2,262 1,516 690 720 476 224 -160 62 3,339 2,927 1,817 40 60 62 18, 101 16, 608 8,119 EL PASO . FORT WOKTH— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture . Ice, manufactured. Lumber, planing - mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Printing and publishing. Tobacco, cigars All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 lsl04 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 117 88 54 180 147 102 2,347 1,762 1,158 2,308 2,069 1,423 85 64 58 76 114 110 75 106 76 61 47 102 36 315 213 24 16 13 1,510 1,342 812 6,778 3,396 7,816 6,614 73 101 224 166 231 220 2,543 1,616 163 267 676 346 1,997 i,902 $1,663 1,093 710 1,642 1,286 843 261 176 138 12 7 913 781 488 $2,873 1,496 1,1.31 5,832 5,266 3,189 202 181 211 81 71 52 67 75 65 107 80 49 112 98 28 129 134 34 391 178 106 12 10 4,731 4,439 2,645 1 Includes "saddlery and harness," and "trunks and valises," but excludes "leather goods, not elsewhere specified." ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 'Includes " boxes, wooden packing;" "lumber, plauing-mlll products"; and "window and door screens and weather strips." < Includes " perfumery and cosmetics." 5 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making"; "engraving, steel and copper plate," but excludes "printing and publishing, music." 6 Includes "sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments." ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 8 Includes "automobile repairing" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works and rolling mills." » Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." «iIncludes"windowanddoorscreensand-«oath3-otriDs.j^ l n/i- ri /-^ " Includes "bookbinding and blank-boo^jl^|ir^]f^^|^gj^>^g,^)^^l@]|gg)^i@^^t@^ncluding plate printing." MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 32 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904.— Continued. 1485 Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed In thousands. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. HOrSTON-All indus- tries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 5 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 276 249 209 5,607 5,338 5,056 18,004 14,866 $3,590 3,260 2,892 $16,124 14,321 7,617 $26,868 23,016 13,564 SAN ANTONIO— All industries. Bread and other bakery products. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 239 194 141 4,083 3,106 2,457 8,869 6,908 $2, 412 1,760 1,362 $10,090 6,952 3,741 $17,849 13,435 7,402 Bread and other bakery products. 22 23 20 5 11 18 22 21 12 24 21 3 13 13 12 11 4 4 291 221 148 2J 99 80 105 138 112 443 488 290 220 369 419 276 269 405 92 161 114 67 13 68 44 79 98 72 264 298 189 114 211 179 138 109 631 412 228 14 69 50 121 118 77 509 782 429 234 675 235 2,784 2,869 1,113 724 447 37 201 141 277 306 216 1,281 1,444 878 450 1,081 622 3,185 3,655 31 32 19 3 3 3 6 6 3 6 7 3 11 7 6 3 16 7 35 6 4 3 8 7 3 6 6 3 48 39 135 9 6 12 92 73 ■37 206 135 81 616 567 818 207 132 35 208 208 131 79 53 34 348 230 159 124 64 28 165 138 33 63 64 34 391 383 344 -129 90 61 1,649 1,001 699 114 102 105 76 41 395 416 644 60 38 6 68 60 36 64 39 20 231 139 88 63 33 14 105 89 21 40 46 26 306 219 185 32 21 15 954 586 366 360 307 179 412 263 261 181 96 37 334 476 178 72 41 36 581 160 76 92 63 24 351 104 20 43 20 32 336 217 169 76 43 48 7,253 5,182 2,683 610 566 273 Carriages and wagons and repairs. 150 68 139 243 840 736 827 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. 14 15 30 26 303 185 1,726 1,074 45 foundry and machine- shop products.' 106 86 578 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. Foundry and machine- shop products .1 Ice, manufactured Lumber, planing - mill products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills. Marble and stone work . . . Printing and publishing . . Tobacco, cigars and ciga- rettes. All other industries 740 601 809 313 Lumber and timber prod- ucts.* 15 15 175 108 3,030 3,801 76 Oil, cottonseed, and cake . . 461 217 1,059 399 7 5 3 56 44 133 4 6 35 119 102 104 7 12 2 552 443 405 27 69 20 3,665 3,240 3,580 2 5 4 7 1 473 383 306 22 39 12 2,322 1,933 2,022 17 8 5 528 366 192 90 68 35 11,196 9,066 6,366 117 38 15 2,068 1,449 881 174 174 72 17,166 14,045 10,293 281 Patent medicines and compounds. 913 227 271 168 963 713 77 Printing and publishing. . 484 360 649 237 22 41 53 fiaddlery and harness 125 65 124 All other industries 11,091 8,248 98 74 398 328 1,433 982 766 167 102 92 6,074 6,239 11,750 9,115 4,626 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 114 108 . 62 67 56 40 14 9 26 24 30 29 25 116 81 67 28 23 18 28 22 891 754 641 1,073 863 732 76 51 886 825 954 833 725 1,410 1,094 761 270 213 515 1,166 977 4,824 2,211 $611 416 349 674 646 426 25 19 654 533 609 516 466 955 707 470 * 105 87 181 691 653 $1,714 1,627 771 3,442 3,444 1,512 74 46 1,359 859 1,176 593 691 5,716 4,267 1,599 144 74 196 1,066 803 $3,371 2,846 1,569 5,191 4,831 2,610 167 121 2,246 1,577 2,069 1,314 1,235 8,692 6,308 2,997 345 221 464 2,099 1,787 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 20 20 17 42 45 29 30 26 36 36 39 37 37 20 23 21 125 92 76 648 745 544 513 641 210 161 116 389 273 307 342 366 506 484 368 1,125 1,033 947 1,302 1,209 $604 481 310 272 247 106 104 71 221 136 153 237 215 313 288 192 699 688 440 $584 622 305 1,638 862 528 267 133 5,864 4,047 2,149 968 834 449 536 311 3,583 2,965 1,779 Paeis l!313 5,680 4,696 2,220 2,489 San Angelo 1,430 Brownsville 486 414 1,541 1,499 3,652 2,306 937 608 2,366 2,150 499 318 7,028 4,676 2,641 Denison 1,566 1,616 1,332 769 1,462 1,346 897 996 629 Tyler ■ 8,939 3,633 Waco 530 363 5,452 3,669 4^769 2 980 MAP.qTTAT.T 1,963 1,326 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ! Includes "automobile repairing" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills.' ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Includes "boxes, wooden packing," and "window and door screens and weatherstrips." i figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1486 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS nrousTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTEY. WAGE EAKNER-S DEC. 15, OK NEAEEST BEPEESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Babbitt and white metal Bookbinding and blank-book making Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Boxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products ■.... Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Bmldlng brick Tile, sewer pipe, fire bnok and terra cotta. Brooms, from broom com Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables , Caimed fruits Carriage and wagon materials , Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only , Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Oars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- Cement Cleansing preparations Clothing, men's Clothing, women's Coft'ee, roasting and grinding. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing gum. Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Cotton goods Druggists' preparations Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing. Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere spec- ified. Foundry and machine-shop products . Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops 5,084 Furniture Wood, other than rattan and wil- low. Store and office fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Hand stamps Hardware, saddlery - Hats, fur-ielt Ice, manufactured . . . Jewelry Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing mill products, not includmg planing mills connected with sawmills. 63 4 4 18 4 36 124 46 78 6 247 12 5 191 26 142 6 13 123 25 15 10 27 6 S 3 3 255 13 401 149 91,114 4,787 13 146 52 122 115 7 159 10 23 11 72 857 113 2,815 1,971 1,458 513 240 271 169 80 89 38 241 206 35 11,750 666 19 1,160 81 1,367 1,031 336. 237 1,070 1,933 44 46 116 1,992 431 3,232 70 247 2,915 684 465 219 849 40 16 15 24 2,553 113 291 1,145 19,279 1,751 3,753 19 3 4 2 13 23 6 601 37 31 6 3 12 3 26 128 43 85 3 265 29 121 5 9 107 5 5 7 139 25 4 16 455 160 12 37 9 53 103 84 19 299 21 4 33 2 35 69 44 25 5 37 34 4 1 7 146 140 1 20 119 35 20 15 60 4 6,794 4 281 13 41 322 97 25 7 159 58 33 25 496 54 37 7 68 157 148 9 11 30 18 9 5 349 256 1 247 48 15 146 2 927 190 3 10 124 682 125 10 74,853 7 100 35 88 85 108 5 18 9 54 765 91 1,949 1,765 1,307 458 177 174 62 37 24 181 162 19 583 10,915 10 1,062 67 145 773 207 218 728 1,875 30 37 101 1,300 317 2,681 61 209 2,411 577 394 183 613 10 10 13 1,926 262 958 17, 783 1,358 Ja 76,! Mh< 8 Au 123 Je 38 Mh (") Jy ^1 h 96 3 140 5 23 9 57 Ap 995 Mh 105 Au 2,054 Jy 1,498 Ap 518 My Jy 184 193 Oc 72 Au 190 Jy< 29 Au< 185 Oc< 21 Je 648 Au 11,190 Je 720 Je 13 ApM,165 Jy 81 So 152 No Jy Au Je 287 267 765 De 1,960 Apt 31 My 43 My 156 Au 1,379 Oc 362 My 81 Mh 230 My 2,678 Mh 520 My 72,219 Au< De Je (») Oc (0 No (=) Au< No e De* Ja 1,8 De De 363 171 160 My< 48 My« Ja 17 Ja 133 Ja 17 De 532 My 10,410 Fe De< No De Mi Jy 730 Ja 131 Jy 178 No 691 Fe 1,811 Se< 29 Au< 32 De 37 Ap 1,246 Jy 213 Oc 44 No 177 De 2,055 (») No 233 Fe 224 De 791 My ' 30 <>) 10 (') 10 Mv 17 Jy 2,810 De 88 Au 333 Jv 1,094 Jy 19,242 Jy 1,495 No Fe No* 145 516 22 (4 10 Ja 5 De 1,193 Au 74 De 75 Ja 859 No 15, 708 De 1,100 7 113 35 184 5 19 9 57 779 85 1,991 1,976 1,523 453 184 170 78 261 22 187 168 19 584 11,068 606 14 1,089 59 150 1,078 836 242 218 752 1,981 29 39 178 1,313 340 2,728 61 210 2,457 591 406 185 791 23 10 10 12 2,070 284 971 19, 762 1,354 (') 7 113 34 84 81 3 44 5 12 9 55 712 85 1,607 1,956 1,503 453 476 159 178 49 129 22 187 168 19 584 11,063 606 13 76 29 111 684 452 232 217 740 1,274 18 27 178 1,312 2,710 61 210 2,439 575 391 184 788 22 10 6 2,035 284 971 19, 717 1,351 (•) 60 6 11 158 29 129 1 1,013 30 37 380 641 10 10 (») (") 1 Owned power only. ' Includes rente( S283,543,8 116, 32, 99, 1' 0| 233, 14, 16, 9, 81, 1,970, 319, 4,178, 4,242, 3,066, 1,175, 275,665 1,219,348 411,469 197,454 ■214,015 62,927 606,475 446,743 59,732 977,183 28,465,388 7,793,941 124,831 1,033,804 67,880 970,231 2,291,926 1,632,730 659,196 656,220 1,133,713 5,252,899 144,103 19,000 412,355 17,523,988 1,460,975 11,023,690 136.304 676,359 .10,210,927 2,037,469 1,687,239 350,230 12,396,727 40,359 22,725 22,046 22,024 12,698,125 8,706,819 36,265,940 3,672,562 in for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1487 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tiou en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. t6, 687, 975 87,669,992 844,821,377 $1,342,170 a,lg8,502 $2,750,682 $242,405,876 $10,738,385 $361,279,303 8108,135,042 '335,791 262,200 28,595 2,053 42,943 4,425 16,525 1,650 6,600 6,600 15,370 5,360 78,385 19,007 74,082 150,150 117,212 32,938 14,278 33,357 14,100 8,500 6,600 6,950 11,622 8,122 3,500 32,450 478, 141 60,751 7,152 63,998 3,200 59,290 109,449 68,561 40,888 7,020 54,761 65,816 4,890 1,820 12, 150 313,947 42,857 315,466 1,320 45,009 269,137 66,663 29,598 37,065 95,165 5,840 2,120 5,300 350,723 6,170 ' 28,408 202,200 649,066 163,923 600 3,778 1,572 1,572 18,105 1,680 90 1,113 27,061 7,624 161,306 52,557 26,172 26,385 16,261 20,638 25,727 18,195 7,532 3,755 4,932 4,432 500 11,207 514,902 80,370 800 64, 127 4,850 113,862 192,787 181,874 10,913 18,893 27,527 20,562 23,399 3,906 420,104 64,811 361,410 1,714 10,905 348,791 57,493 39,839 17,654 112,206 4,336 149,976 3,688 9,871 216,352 737,276 126,313 7,113 61,940 33,059 58,900 57,300 1,600 49,039 3,489 11,780 4,580 28,392 343,556 63,059 1,095,427 778,477 566,576 211,901 95,007 115,183 37,271 24,093 13,178 19,935 119,715 109,129 10,586 415,767 7,825,559 370,563 5,034. 394,339 31,189 82,585 412,593 282,006 130,587 93,026 560,599 674, 724 15,253 20,860 63,169 797,932 136,276 1,867,390 42,204 137,255 1,687,931 355,189 228,774 126, 415 353,922 19,910 8,464 9,152 11,532 1,138,192 95,060 105,333 805, 734 9,605,360 924,135 20 416 1,000 5,681 6,558 2,474 3,689 1,592 2,097 17,094 400 400 820 620 200 19 17,215 163 729 10,705 8,050 2,655 1,685 2,000 5,440 700 33,813 5,660 28,253 291 2,593 19,465 2,237 500 2,650 614,670 41,410 1,550 2,846 6,510 9,487 8,887 600 4,355 600 992 420 2,100 129,384 1,303 1,303 1,919 18,031 2,905 2,825 80 2,240 9,147 5,740 3,407 65 1,000 18,305 2,210 12,411 65,430 49,367 16,063 1,152 48,358 400 2,460 9,949 9,956 7,266 25,906 1,200 2,088 22,618 8,732 1,864 6,868 5,697 5,000 3,715 252 780 10,677 12,815 1,620 2,640 29,238 31,186 35 742 210 575 528 47 270 72 105 879 14,385 2,533 37,357 26,202 21,547 4,665 1,847 4,373 1,235 747 488 397 4,422 4,324 98 21,502 52,716 20,515 148 5,924 193 8,132 17,734 12,280 5,454 2,417 9,578 29,844 1,854 170 94,454 8,094 67,493 843 4,439 62,211 17,226 14,218 3,008 128, 120 259 115 190 91 132,686 656 1,930 944,306 284,823 25,870 6,A6 60,715 38,163 50,657 48,367 2,290 i 286,132 14,150 4,646 16,547 54,464 642,281 339, 123 3,978,476 256, 191 162,810 93,381 260,770 1,710,672 224,271 153,498 70,773 20,147 128,087 120,437 7,650 244,345 5,394,275 548,558 11,406 1,272,920 87,490 2,530,771 1,984,978 1,413,999 570,979 592,516 1,006,564 2,515,336 101, 919 12,850 337, 178 29,262,957 3,282,067 3,283,591 70,519 326,974 2,886,098 480,707 315,424 165,283 273,964 28,804 11,287 4,945 7,513 . 645, 171 75,907 54,781 2,640,761 8,322,566 2,304,733 « Same number reported for one or more other mo4 142 750 1,168 2,987 2,383 604 2,088 210 270 44 1,366 7,240 12,003 163,361 659,515 483,308 176,207 3,602 41,328 7,457 5,672 ■1,785 932 7,146 6,442 704 23,455 584,153 715,326 17^ 11,683 853 21,987 38, 107 30,790 2,151 10, 116 127,852 503 352 29,271 310,230 49,464 169,969 1,993 19,320 148,656 21,476 15,258 6,218 494, 493 1,341 163 619 418 1,114,359 1,688 60,621 287, 927 259,392 44,293 21,377 185,728 105,022 164,766 154,666 10,100 428,823 22,800 24,249 32,032 121,743 1,195,747 494,763 7,503,298 2,316,403 1,582,972 733,431 459,550 2,280,779 517,901 392,278 125,623 70,178 418,563 366,906 51,657 734,566 15,276,387 2,331,094 37,707 2,086,136 154,848 3,325,861 3,594,357 2,565,310 1,029,047 769, 101 2,238,381 3,754,785 183,837 52,400 638, 277 35,110,301 4,051,956 7,622,573 134,257 613,993 6,874,323 1,236,790 790,926 445,864 2, 185, 114 72,315 36,534 24,416 30, 226 5,328,302 254, 184 347, 446 8,470,630 23,144,926 4,266,953 Mgitiz^drbuM'^J'^f^QM^ 14,819 124,263 65,691 111,122 103,916 7,206 140,603 8,440 19,333 15,441 65,913 546,226 143, 637 3,361,461 1,400,697 936,854 463,843 195,178 528, 779 286, 173 233,108 53,065 49,099 240,027 43,303 466,766 9,297,959 1,067,210 26, 122 801,533 66,505 773, 103 1,540,482 1,113,204 427, 278 174, 434 1,221,701 1,111,597 81,415 39,198 271,828 5,537,114 720,425 4,169,013 61,745 . 267,699 3,839,569 734,607 460,244 274,363 1,416,657 42, 170 25,084 18,852 22,295 3,668,772 176,589 232,044 5,541,942 14,562,968 1,917,927 8 67 34 133 125 3,950 189 2,325 8,738 -7,014 1,724 149 1,360 285 198 87 28 418 397 21 2,354 13,205 18,150 32 260 20 619 1,921 790 1,131 511 287 5,948 9 522 19, %8 1,258 7,093 149 760 6,184 1,848 1,613 235 1,759 54 4 31 10 42,271 41 439 9,068 62, 824 6,860 3,725 754 7,955 6,345 1,610 759 230 150 80 1,900 1,675 931 497 434 475 5,445 140 12,777 1,006 2,864 25 2,839 815 740 75 39,248 425 8,625 62,270 4,292 47 36 23 425 298 254 44 114 274 13 781 10,920 15 12 2 74 267 23 244 6 92 3,296 59 770 35 706 50 12 2,036 9 225 477 448 1,325 358 65 4 14 2 32 221 189 1,146 485 415 70 35 327 42 40 2 27 317 296 21 451 4,726 5,555 17 248 18 545 723 270 453 30 - 218 503 9 290 2,570 193 3,459 95 725 2,639 969 859 110 65 41 4 19 7 629 41 5 218 75 2,120 33, 190 418 473 304 257 47 3,554 8,806 174 164 10 30 12 680 680 1,470 1,962 1,005 48 ear. • None reported for one or more other months. 1488 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INBUSTKT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE. EARNINGS DEC. 15, OB NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES- Continued. 1 135 59 262 3 4 233 8 8 49 18 5 7 8 10 11 288 267 10 11 892 60 724 108 5 16 75 3 3 14 7 4 18 10 4 66 12 6 6 3 11 5 6 126 — , — 705, 3S6 968 17 6 5,649 51 69 185 439 80 22 80 169 61 2,628 '2,474 84 68 5,338 2,107 3,038 193 24 487 825 161 7 189 98 30 4,054 325 16 444 103 880 69 246 74 64 448 6,694 165 51 315 2 4 95 2 9 38 10 1 5 3 5 12 300 287 3 10 931 37 809 85 5 ■■■95' 5 2 13 10 2 5 8 6 76 12 5 3 ■"ie" 2 3 78 30 24 55 1 38 23 45 2 8 5 8 464 283 545* 12 2 4,471 29 35 74 397 66 12 54 114 46 1,805 1,715 38 52 2,830 1,059 1,771 My 492 Ja 326 Jy 840 Au» 13 Ap 4 No 7,958 W • 29 Ap 47 Jy8 80 Jy 484 Ja 117 m 12 Ja 64 Au 167 Ap 65 De Au Ja Fe» Fea Je SI De Fe Au De De 415 251 340 11 1 1,297 29 25 67 328 12 12 45 86 27 470 299 809 12 2 8,149 29 38 80 463 119 12 50 151 53 1,800 1,716 37 47 2,882 1,077 1,805 470 241 566 12 2 8,136 28 35 52 463 21 6 49 90 49 1,450 1,374 30 46 2,530 1,008 1,522 $1,023,430 726,632 1,602,010 19,164 7,915 27,974,397 117,271 278,430 488,678 689,516 107,448 36,963 96,445 416, 740 93,600 3,929,939 3,580,811 220,088 129,040 8,794,483 4,709,197 3,959,025 126,261 28,956 3,395,447 2,920,233 378,253 12,949 103,854 184,382 32,173 14,405,135 909,133 53,000 327,739 152,446 557,411 203,140 1,048,289 46,556 75,547 3,732,228 39,069,372 56 8 2 34 ..... T 4 5 6 Mirrors, framed and unframed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. 688 6 8 32 20 6 3 6 15 3 148 134 10 4 297 111 161 35 ■""46' 30 9 483 8 14 29 10 7 ....... 30 12 6 5 12 2 2 1 5 12 1 3 26 1 g Paints 9 10 Patent medicines and compounds 2 11 12 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling. 98 6 """56" 310 302 7 1 222 44 178 It 1 2 4 35 35 ..... 5 5 \l 16 17 Pickles, preserves, and sauces Pottery, earthen and stone ware Ps 29 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. 7 3 3 37 25 1 2 2 488 28 '""33" 7 31 32 33 ?1 Signs and advertising novelties Slaughteriog and meat packing Structural n:onwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. 3 293 1 139 1 ...... 5 2 9 1 1 2 35 16 Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes 3 8 31 4 18 6 6 19 195 17^ 7 35 32 23 5 74 537 4 3 ■ ""2" 5 2 """m" 17 28 18 ViTift£H»* . .... 19 40 41 Window and door screens and weather strips. /[t 43 ! 1 T" 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 4 Automobiles 2 Bags, other than paper 3 Bags, paper, not including bags made in paper mills 1 Baking powders 1 Belting, leather 1 Bluing 2 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 3 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. Carpets, rag 2 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies — 1 Chemicals 3 Clocks 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 3 Cordials and flavoring sirups 4 Dairymen's and apiarists' supplies.. 3 Dental goods 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and suppUes 1 Electroplating 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Engraving^and diesmking 1 Envelopes 1 Explosives 1 Fancy articles, celluloid 1 Felt goods 1 Flags and banners 1 Flavoring estracts 4 Furs, dressed Gas and electric fixtures Glass Grease, soap stock Hardware, builders' House-furnishing goods, not elsewhere specified Iron and steel, steel works and rolling Tnillfl Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. 1489 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. "Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $36,003 30,155 66,924 750 14,180 12,240 41,480 26,620 9,640 4,080 14,222 21,738 3,036 276,109 251,060 19,489 5,560 573,718 338,387 198,252 37,079 86,615 75,378 14,990 11,410 5,400 99,417 55,269 11,500 17,850 40,453 8,700 6,456 10,420 57, 339 477, 121 $45,461 21,005 32,053 1,680 426,624 11,360 19,572 37,951 9,058 2,737 1,020 12,770 46,338 348,215 320,353 25,626 2,236 1, 130, 131 840,254 238,570 51,307 1,200 106,850 147,914 6,388 1,250 2,172 1,855 612, 594 38, 193 32,815 9,145 28,333 37, 528 , 34,814 1,200 4,500 83,161 685,654 $357,912 151,987 277,244 9,436 1,436 2,086,540 25,716 21,320 31, 183 191, 276 17,798 5,646 51,614 41,534 22,219 1,290,793 1,200,188 29,678 60,927 2,234,052 1,117,479 1,116,573 11,702 199,311 390,564 74,538 3,850 123, 256 58, 708 18,617 2,068,667 172, 075 2,083 158, 514 38, 548 207,279 16,840 113, 621 30, 726 32,014 227,353 3, 930, 642 $23,302 $11,060 10,644 36,253 526 210 7,852 9,927 5,834 12,446 4,863 4,050 3,156 6,152 648 2,110 3,247 2,625 688 60 97,041 34,210 62,631 200 319,652 89,341 16,033 214,278 103 79,015 161,525 150, 109 8,332 3,084 196,412 58,778 128,651 8,983 684 5,162 56,660 3,073 840 1,291 942 2,900 7,230 3,570 30 6,077 6,060 726 100 103 1,494 14,709 175 649 3,300 2,024 1,974 3.000 1,800 88,573 $7,938 5,164 13,040 111 180 239,440 1,231 2,986 2,291 1,970 215 360 2,617 399 43,008 39,479 2,773 756 67,582 38,653 28,778 151 340 24,957 27,036 2,205 26 270 1,515 164 65,073 3,554 134 48,945 1,435 2,823 1,893 5,050 494 317 12, 137 187, 726 $498,291 589,694 880,854 20,240 1,900 35,179,801 86,655 157,224 152,816 179,741 186, 155 31,595 21, 179 395, 200 12,347 1,270,287 1,205,710 61,540 3,037 2,533,908 1,604,444 912,662 16,802 13,577 6,336,739 2,424,006 140,369 31,475 277,827 57,294 21, 115 43, 885, 454 495, 285 9,379 239, 954 48,443 96, 110 224,002 105, 793 57, 803 72,301 2,581,027 67, 777, 268 $24,839 11,977 21,634 994 996,775 1,202 1,989 946 118,790 12,052 108 3,291 3,411 5,730 50,056 47,346 679 2,031 124,899 64,304 60,410 29,448 8,899 86, 479 1,228 823 1,582 34 538,963 13,031 1,320 330 974 2,166 4,250 64,204 1,422 1,318 60, 165 3, 217, 277 $1,366,901 1,059,587 1,913,375 52,700 9,526 41,944,689 205,680 284,490 489,518 618,216 247,879 66,536 136,647 693,068 62,016 4,711,163 4,269,593 333,633 107,937 10,263,457 5,568,972 4,202,786 491,699 41,238 7,216,359 3,382,244 424, 869 44,978 473, 524 161, 184 63,995 52,945,022 970, 726 17, 803 601,973 185, 127 608,374 455,402 487, 617 132, 988 147,434 3,095,503 81,973,370 $843,771 457,916 1,010,887 31,466 7,377 5,768,113 117,823 125,277 335,756 319,685 49,672 34,833 112, 177 294,457 43,939 3,390,820 3,016,537 271,414 102,869 7,604,650 3,900,224 3,229,714 474,712 26,971 850,172 949,339 198,021 12,275 194,874 102,308 42,846 8, 520, 605 462,410 7,104 361, 689 135, 710 510,098 227, 150 317, 620 73,763 73,815 454, 311 10, 978, 825 1,531 909 1,190 32 30 60,772 30 165 87 2,173 290 1 140 138 128 .1,755 1,692 43 20 4,334 2,198 2,131 5 35 5,365 336 809 37 316 232 3 12,276 553 80 3 41 21 69 1,102 118 28 2,950 22,514 231 82 393 545 82 342 2 755 745 453 32 30 4,528 30 100 69 390 57 1 140 53 5' 1,602 10 54,697 1,227 320 50 "i,'648' 118 15 18 135 116 85 89 4 4 39 34 34 1,717 1,654 43 20 2,676 1,546 1,125 5 15 241 314 4 4 ■■■■529" 526 3 '""356' io' 1 "5,' 465' 517 510 7 1,137 142 995 4 i' "5,'682" ..X.... 809 20 42 22 37 222 80 94 6 147 3 104 410 12, 141 120 80 si 23 3 41 21 55 300 "'2,' 825' 16,795 14 300 95 18 527 '"'ish' 5,081 602 23 10 125 3,073 42 2,604 10 1 Same number reported throughout the year. 5 None reported for one or more other months. Lapidary work 1 Leathergoods, notelsewherespecifled. 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 1 Millinery and lace goods 2 liinerals and earth, ground 2 Mucilage and paste 2 Musical instruments and materials, violins 1 Paper and wood pulp 2 Petroleum refining 9 Poultry, JdUlng and dressing 2 Printing and publishing, music 2 Printing materials 3 Pumps, not including power pumps. . 1 EooftQg materials 2 Eubbergoods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Safes 1 Sand-lime brick 2 Shirts 2 Smelting, copper 1 Soap L 3 Soda-water apparatus 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Sugar, refining 1 Surgical appliances 1 Tobacco, smoking 3 Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 Upholstering materials, excelsior 1 Washing machines and clothes wringers 2 Waste 2 Whips 2 Wood, turned an'i carved 5 82101°— 18- -94 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1490 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS IMDUSTET. Num- terof estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNINGS DEC. 61, OB NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 TIAT.T.AS— Al] inrtnstrioF . 412 7,258 372 357 1,041 204 6,284 Mh 5,670 No 4,786 5,527 4,447 1,026 24 an $23,488,754 Automobile bodies and parts 1 — 2 3 3 3 35 3 5 15 i 21 8 10 6 13 7 8 3 14 67 60 7 51 7 8 36 7 5 105 21 25 10 675 20 401 303 246 67 140 817 159 50 405 205 73 70 28 56 578 524 54 729 600 55 74 31 38 2,424 5 2 3 40 3 6 16 8 8 19 21 '"'io' '"'26' 7 6 ...... 76 72 4 42 ...... 34 8 S 76 16 18 5 S13 16 370 223 185 38 101 662 130 35 293 161 67 47 16 24 391 360 31 283 256 27 Je Jo Je3 Au 22 27 6 587 17 389 Oc.s No 3 % No« 12 12 5 469 14 345 14 17 6 624 16 380 241 190 SI 101 698 133 33 333 165 47 40 16 24 386 357 29 292 263 29 13 8 5 316 16 37 167 118 49 100 691 133 31 331 165 47 40 16 18 312 284 28 279 256 23 1 9 4,038 22,879 14 850 1,143,492 9,325 270,395 617,249 343,342 273,907 236,419 4,843,595 895,652 34,668 2,009,629 419,019 189,722 74,839 74,889 113,481 779,943 627,274 152,669 1,210,880 1,102,708 52,621 55,651 34,654 15,673 10,473,463 3 Awnings, tents, and sales 3 "'is' 1 10 20 13 7 9 19 14 1 21 8 5 4 3 8 34 28 6 48 31 7 10 131 1 2 89 1 ""is' 4 Babbitt and white metal 5 6 Bread and other bakery products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Clothing, men's 188 3 17 7 8 40 37 3 7 106 14 2 78 16 2 13 6 11 59 50 9 291 262 9 20 1 296 7 4 3 1 4 9 1 2' 13 2 1 4 5 18 14 4 65 51 4 10 ...... 49 343 74 72 2 6 8 Confectionery and ice cream 9 Confectionery Mh Aus My ■So De Jy S6» Jy 202 66 113 851 150 37 414 184 80 75 16 25 Ja Fe No No De De Se De De Ja « Jas 151 21 84 433 111 33 222 103 33 26 16 23 10 Ice cream 11 12 13 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Tf^e, mannfaotured . 1 1 14 Jewelry 2 2 15 Leather goods 16 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. 17 18 MiTiRrnl fi.TiH soda wntPrs 19 ?n Patent medicines and compounds Printing and publishing, book and job Job printing a 66 65 1 12 7 5 9^ 7 7 1 1 n Ja Je 403 34 Se Au 336 28 n Book publishingand printing and linotype work. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. PviTiting a^d pnhlfshiTlg '>^ 1 .... •"i Jy Mh ' 277 29 Fe Ses 223 24 26 27 Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing 1 •>f. 22 29 1,872 Se Jy 26 41 Oc3 De 20 17 23 34 2,005 20 34 1,668 3 ?9 Window and door screens and weather strips. All other industries * tn 314 11 12 1 * All other industries embrace — Artificial Umbs Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Bags, other than paper Belting, leather Bluing Bookbinding and blank-book making. Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brass and bronze products 1 Brooms, from broom corn 2 Canning, vegetables 1 Carpets, rag 1 Carriage and wagon materials 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electrio-raalroad com- panies 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 1 Cnemicals 3 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cooperage, barrels 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cotton goods 1 Druggists' preparations ...'..., 3 Engraving and diesinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Envelopes 1 Flags and banners 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 1 EL. PASO— All industries 117 2,815 94 115 211 48 2,347 My 2,465 No 2,249 2,403 2.309 «. 9 $8,666,074 Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Ti»o, TnaTmffV^tnred . . ' 2 3 15 4 4 6 3 6 3 3 4 11 11 4 43 141 885 41 203 89 30 91 12 25 129 207 16 946 20 3 4 ""s 2 2 2 7 8 2 36 2 21 2 6 6 2 5 2 5 11 10 ""'43" 9 28 4 12 8 1 6 7 1 3 1 103 836 31 178 74 19 78 8 18 100 las 13 781 De Jy Ses My Je De Oc Se' Jy = No De (*) 106 867 35 200 96 22 100 9 27 118 114 13 Sea Mh Fe Oc De Au3 Fe De3 Ja' Au 100 796 24 145 55 17 58 7 9 91 103 13 107 854 29 172 77 22 95 7 21 121 114 13 771 97 854 29 171 77 22 95 7 21 103 114 13 706 7 3 122,335 1,906,073 49,560 691,407 738,273 11,950 207,653 10,614 52,164 150,854 295,914 29,518 4,399,759 4 5 6 1 7 8 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. q 10 MlTlftral HTld ."^nda watprt; . 11 12 Printing and publishmg, job work only Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Saddlery and harness 7 61 1 74 4 20 '""i2" 17 1 13 14 All other Industries * 61 4 * All other industries embrace — Automobile bodies and parts 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brass and bronze products 1 Brick 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 2 Confectionery and ice cream 4 Flour-mill and gristmill products 1 Food preparations, macaroni, vermi- celli, noodles, etc 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Geis, iUuminating and heating 3 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Lapidary work i 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1491 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by marmiao- ture. POWUK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and ooi;r poration income. • PrindpaJ materials. Fuel and rent of power. . Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $801,766 $1,330,010 4,360 27,480 1,600 23,900 35,183 19,763 15,420 13,603 69,233 25,530 2,400 55,550 19,389 8,075 8,680 10,700 62, 693 52, 793 9,900 116,769 94,249 8,100 14,420 3,336 306,555 1,265 1,680 83,387 12,120 48, 417 44, 397 4,020 7,525 174, 493 13,630 2,708 116, 118 20,028 4,392 10,415 6,240 12,925 87, 959 76, 227 11, 732 341,010 306, 112 11,242 23,666 225 600 384, 873 $3,464,228 15,978 7,495 3,489 257,054 14,625 147,455 102,628 68,272 34, 356 81,067 601,736 76, 179 45,383 191,351 126, 492 45,911 27, 487 14,230 11,765 312, 881 271,608 41,273 324, 810 302, 201 22,6d9 11, 412 18, 140 1, 126, 670 $213, 095 2,050 300 1,760 6,060 1,600 13,344 200 55,866 12,724 43, 142 113,319 32,095 1,800 79,424 1,840 18, 816 $226, 067 3,900 1,380 600 18,711 2,220 7,840 18, 966 16,700 2,266 6,802 6,035 7,690 24,720 6,475 1,020 4,710 3,147 5,215 34,284 32,484 1,800 14,309 6,986 3,344 480 954 66, 719 $269, 298 52 197 270 8,138 4,183 1,861 2,322 2,480 27,762 14,823 436 17, 816 2,313 562 966 639 19,635 17, 731 1,904 10,237 9,958 51 3,581 116 143,362 $19, 144, 217 16, 885 44,300 14,150 957, 421 6,436 425,278 456,282 364,377 100, 905 228,043 839, 166 49,008 24,669 1,493,990 377, 829 113,569 123,899 69, 711 36,339 301, 706 266, 644 35,061 807, 985 772, 100 25,670 10, 215 19, 479 37, 058 12, 712, 015 $426, 140 261 210 29,193 654 3,257 19, 693 7,678 12, 016 1,422 21, 714 94,856 647 2,287 795 624 361 10, 760 10, 158 692 13, 318 l2, 653 665 24 770 $31,065,073 $11,494,716 27,850 21, 176 8,440 952. 396 20,287 298,281 357, 687 253,607 103, 980 213,495 1, 254, 670 282, 496 86, 180 620,268 226, 865 108,359 94, 371 69, 629 71,304 894, 987 708, 324 186,663 1, 261, 846 1, 014, 838 68,541 178,467 20,340 44,853 4, 659, 046 224, 216 219, 065 129,964 108,004 1,207,442 985, 126 222, 316 2, 083, 149 1, 799, 591 94, 876 188, 682 39,843 82, 681 17, 688, 364 15,517 10,438 1,204 3,875 2,181 3 6 4 917 15 107 582 187 395 98 1,096 2,765 22 170 302 275 31 14 28 377 369 8 626 698 28 3 6 4 192 15 107 100 60 60 98 333 ""344" 89' 89 340 34 391 391 430 295 480 136 345 2 2 763 2,730 26 22 170 122 49 31 14 27 377 369 8 209 181 28 145 146 35 80 1 410 410 7 7 7 33 8,049 7 33 1,956 983 5,334 759 Food preparations, icfrcream cones. . . 2 Furniture, wood, and store and office fixtures 4 Gas, illuminating and heatiug 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 1 Grease, soap stock 1 Hand stamps 1 Honse-funushing goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Lime ;... 1 Liquors, malt 1 Mattresses and spring beds 3 Millinery and lace goods... 2 Mirrors, framed and unframed 1 Mucilage and paste 2 Musical instruments and materials, violins 1 Oil, cottonseed, andcake 2 Paints 2 Paper and wood pulp 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles and sauces 1 Printing and publishing, musio 1 Printing materials 2 Refrigerators 1 Sausage 1 Show cases 3 and advertising novelties 3 Slaughteriag and meat packing - 2 Soda-water apparatus ' Stereotyping and electrotyplng Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills Vinegar Washing machines 9nd clothes wring- ers Waste Wirework $267,054 $252,866 $1,663,117 $23,665 $75,040 $56,060 $2,640,871 $232,000 $6,135,214 $3,262,343 6,778 5,807 66 906 1,985 1 6,200 45,431 2,950 13,780 8,640 3,770 10,200 1,300 9,600 19,432 33,909 9,480 38,003 1,136 18,065 6,148 980 8,440 60,237 642,160 32,756 131,498 45,548 25,191 65,781 6,280 10,778 62,374 110,437 12,456 457,632 6,307 1,349 73 319 2,720 5,177 77 644 63 402 1,409 1,564 138 42,125 231,623 412,402 63,258 173,222 6,352 15,360 97,293 10,360 25,764 61,073 90,611 31,676 1,431,887 9,337 40,463 592 16,960 58,068 437 2,403 48 860 3,101 6,829 142 92,760 393,840 1,320,705 116,758 420,639 235,601 59,756 211,300 20,080 80,968 202,596 506,633 52,734 2,513,604 152, 880 867,840 52,908 230,467 171,181 43,969 111,604 9,682 148,422 409,193 20,916 988,967 46 920 24 537 1,565 210 5 16 65 134 9 3,239 46 "i,'245' '""sis' 30 '"'395' <> 920 1 .. 1,680 1,696 24 25 5 8 50 5 12 65 134 9 622 4 450 1,660 62 5 6 2,423 5,100 780 2,551 12,915 12,956 2,130 26,703 7 160 8 9 4 in 9,349 88,103 420 72,752 SO 23,223 n 1? 13 101,842 392 2,717 « 14 Lime 1 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Optical goods 2 Paints 1 Patent medicines and compounds .- . . . 1 Paving materials 2 Photo-engraving 1 Roofing materials, other than metal. . . 1 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. Sand-lime brick 1 Sausage 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mlHs 1 Tobacco, cigars 4 Trunks and valises 1 Wirework 1 * Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1492 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNINGS DEC. 16 , OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital, Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num. ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 FORT WORTH— All industries. . . 180 3,044 157 184 317 78 2,308 Au 2,401 1 No 2,158 2,315 1 1,951 350 11 3 $8, 595, 168 •>, 4 13 4 4 3 12 11 5 9 8 6 4 6 17 10 6 4 4 6 54 20 117 33 614 30 66 90 133 134 72 37 26 11 268 . 260 254 6 20 32 1,081 3 19 7 6 11 9 2 1 12 7 3 6 20 7 5 2 3 8 34 3 7 4 10 5 8 11 5 17 8 3 3 3 12 13 11 2 4 i' 3 16 4 2 5 12 10 4 2 5 2 2 1 "'i' 12 85 19 686 13 43 64 114 106 47 27 19 3 192 123 123 Au De3 Mh Au (') Je Ja Au Jy Jy3 if 26 86 21 605 13 51 76 124 136 61 31 24 3 39 Ja' No' De' My W Se' No De Ja De' Ja Ja' (<) Se' 1 83 16 565 13 40 60 98 75 35 19 14 3 166 17 83 19 598 13 61 58 99 123 42 27 18 3 170 140 140 17 81 19 597 12 50 58 97 123 42 27 18 3 134 132 132 13,670 91,517 83,107 2,068,699 58,146 53,664 215, 599 269,528 745,590 159,322 43,868 49,760 16,725 494,727 462,268 459,363 2,905 49,347 13, 421 3,716,210 3 4 Bread and other bakery products Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. 1 1 fl 1 1 fi 7 S Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. . Furniture 1 9 2 in 11 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 1^ ^^ 1 14 Patent medicines and compounds Printing and publishing, job work only Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing and job printmg. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness 15 36 90 90 i' 8 27 25 2 1 36 3 3 16 6 5 17 IS De 138 jy 118 19 11 24 820 Ja' No' 14 30 No' Mh 8 16 13 25 816 13 17 611 ?fl Tobacco, cigars All other industries * . 7 299 1 3 ..... 21 68 132 27 1 * All other industries embrace — Artilicial limbs 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Brass products 2 Brick 1 Brooms, from broom corn 1 Butter 2 Canning vegetables 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies Clocks. Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 1 Confectionery and ice cream 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies (telephone equipment) 1 Electroplating 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 Food preparations, not elsewhere speciiied 4 1 HOTTSTON- All industries Automobiles, bodies, and parts Bread and other bakery products Carriages wagons, and repairs 276 7,036 245 342 741 101 5,607 Ja 6,037 No 5,318 5,729 5,280 427 22 $35,442,620 ? 3 22 5 6 / \ 5 22 4 6 21 4 4 3 10 6 9 3 4 7 30 26 4 7 15 6 4 3 60 15 375 30 88 71 32 39 137 47 76 505 234 104 12 247 41 60 18 336 28 420 488 361 96 31 162 49 7 3,487 4 22 5 3 6 3 3 22 6 8 13 6 3 2 11 4 7 , 3 '"'h' 27 18 2 4 12 "is' 4 54 2 15 3 11 4 2 2 6 8 3 34 14 10 9 291 21 43 61 20 31 105 24 57 419 193 84 10 207 35 46 14 276 7 316 237 182 55 Se' Au' 9 314 22 44 S' Ja' De' 9 284 20 42 9 292 22 43 55 24 31 102 24 61 446 162 68 13 206 32 37 11 462 7 312 231 175 56 9 215 22 25 47 17 30 99 24 58 445 160 68 13 206 26 37 11 462 4 260 208 169 49 12,062 1,198,374 63,507 222,231 112,794 28,345 84,449 140,458 134, 213 189,411 1,578,748 684,383 498,325 4,155 629,926 96,197 137,728 22,145 1,623,082 129,403 591,757 1,971,149 1,821,869 123,583 25,697 1,113,290 110,015 3,335 14,175,952 3 4 38 1 28 7 5 2 5 8 6 37 18 6 9 ■3' 3 2 1 '"■i 1 2 4 1 75 2 5 18 8 7 1 fi Confectionery and ice cream 7 Confectiontsry Mh Je' Jy W Ja' Ap Fe Au De My Je X Jy 27 45 122 24 61 461 244 102 14 245 40 60 17 637 7 327 Oc' No No (;> Au Oc No Fe ife' De' De De Ap ^'0 15 12 95 24 50 362 135 63 9 133 32 29 11 69 7 301 8 9 10 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture, wood, including store and office fixtures. TnA^ TnflTmfa.ntnrp.rI 3 11 3 ""2 12 l.'i 1 14 15 16 Lumber, planing-mUl products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. 10 1 2 1 14 3 24 33 26 4 3 18 3 19 1 3 2 17 6 18 Mineral and soda waiters ... 19 Marble and stone work ?n Oil, cottonseed, and cake 45 9 47 ' 166 128 27 11 33 5 1 3 7 34 23 6 6 "'"'i' '>^, Patent medicines and compounds Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 3 48 13 8 6 22 4 10 8 2 ■M My Se 190 62 De Au 175 49 25 2fi Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Rice, cleaning and polishing . . . 27 111 27 3 3,022 De De Ja' 167 53 5 Je Oc De' 41 21 2 162 64 3 2,915 161 53 2 2.665 1 1 1 . 248 28 Saddlery and harness, 29 Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 30 124 259 28 2 ! * All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 1 Artificial stone products 2 Automobile repairing 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bags, otherthan paper 1 Bookbinding and Dlank-book making. 1 Boots and shoes. . /. i Boxes and cartons, paper l Boxes, wooden packing l Brass and bronze products 2 Brick ,...,.., 2 Brooms, from ' ' Butter, ^ Owned power only. '^^MzMvM Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction _ and repairs by stegm-railroad com- ■^"-^ ~^xr\fj:LS\ 2 L'fOUBU»g preparations. 1 Clothing, men's 2 Cooperage Cordials and flavoring sirups Druggists' preparations Fancy articles, celluloid Gas, illuminating and heating. . " Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1493 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. Tor contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion eu- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec trie (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $322,862 $411,265 $1,541,619 823,560 $88,681 $105,873 $5,592,658 $239,569 $9,973,882 $4,141,656 7,815 5,234 103 2,478 363 1 4,200 7,660 3,500 18,720 8,000 10,880 11,860 9,261 26,100 11,760 ^4,080 4,600 1,650 23,466 43,052 40,272 2,780 4,345 1,320 3,420 2,300 15,732 5,008 ' 2,340 11,601 14,073 10,698 3,800 7,194 54,876 11,371 340,936 6,624 46,573 56,764 68,364 91,493 48,393 18,895 11,740 1,860 146,700 104,700 104,700 60 5,502 2,365 10 917 161 659 644 506 1,695 1,862 6,528 574 408 525 150 3,465 3,503 3,503 10,632 194,170 15,933 158,790 98,415 80,622 59,936 104,068 37,100 126,528 26,097 30,693 6,993 142,805 235,598 235,598 25 8,256 703 22,397 668 272 7,545 2,982 74,806 2,922 1,624 389 157 5,007 7,620 7,620 4fl,569 317,520 62,357 557,234 138,817 174,500 180,085 269,534 292,441 265,305 75,445 84,271 17,643 530,275 678,708 654,957 23,751 74,836 35,781 6,178,561 29,912 115,094 46,721 376,047 39,734 93,606 112,604 162,604 180,536 136,855 47,724 53,189 10,493 382,463 435,490 411,739 23,751 31,699 23,594 1,865,391 5 73 -22 225 22 8 224 231 2,643 163 140 18 12 244 332 332 5 2 ^10 73 22 25' "■"i27' 3 4 225 5 2,820 3,516 3,300 3,228 22 8 224 111 21 113 136 18 2 244 332 332 fi 100 75 7 8 120 2,522 40 9 TO 2,085 910 1,680 750 15,721 8,880 8,620 260 4,800 936 32,128 10 4 11 1' 900 150 IS 10 14 66,965 90,846 90,480 366 1,354 266 12,461 ^'^ W 17 12,461 18 7,531 12,255 505,350 447 3,068 80,751 42,996 12,187 4,209,095 141 12 10 2 1Q ?n 129,728 180,908 10, 198 104,075 3,541 2,327 64 1,150 211 21 Gas,illumlnatlngandheating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 2 Jewelry 1 Lime 1 Liquors, malt 1 Mattresses 2 Models and patterns 3 Oil, cottonseed and cake 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engraving not done In printing establishments 1 Pickles and sauces 1 Printing and pubhshing, music 1 Slaughtering 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Surgical appliances, trusses 1 Trunks 2 Upholstering materials, excelsior 1 Vmegar 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 1 $705,539 $868,979 $3,589,911 $68,912 $135,012 $468,516 $15,547,216 $576,754 $25,868,010 $9,744,040 18,004 11,998 701 5,305 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 450 21, 182 900 24,080 5,850 2,100 3,750 7,920 10,000 2,936 85,489 32,732 18,390 '24,'i45' 1,500 3,165 1,800 33,752 8,500 48,429 92, 168 79,383 7,376 5,400 37, 850- 10,800 48,283 364 64,604 7,380 5,114 2,266 4,736 8,100 3,660 43,992 26,099 6,270 'i5,'247' 1,500 2,635 42,066 12,977 46,063 197,521 155,310 28,824 13,387 41,426 3,640 161,286 13,464 22,916 24,956 7,318 17,638 79,172 12,894 20,716 243,921 117,5.37 66,725 10,898 100,407 22,718 25,626 12,030 137,925 3,658 260,070 222,514 179,652 42,862 233,511 292, 516 63,744 22, 052 2,564 1,943,620 300 200 '766' 291 238 200 16,477 42,063 2,600 3,237 36,316 2,820 445 5,611 3,300 2,630 400 1,900 1,080 1,463 500 2,240 720 9,453 3,266 36,690 22, 176 13,819 5,722 2,635 162 3,900 256 24,471 70 10,633 352 1,573 912 186 726 1,242 746 10,077 4,947 4,925 42 6,974 479 1,189 169 19,243 207 3,280 13,497 13,049 438 10 5,803 318 830 381,394 12,358 606,038 13, 688 786, 769 127,511 21,684 105,827 120,169 570,311 176,758 446,001 115,916 26,641 22,542 216,514 •60,294 54,844 8,722 2,735,058 16, 656 208,201 296,876 261,017 44,998 860 2,098,936 89,770 5,028 6,732,716 171 24,572 644 6,396 4,293 442 3,851 952 5,561 3,865 25,389 10,720 64,830 114 3,374 1,553 1,647 3,036 49,381 14 7,094 16,037 14,203 1,769 75 10, 543 613 345,956 34,805 1,112,990 37,351 1,061,951 197,321 41,978 155,343 276,827 624,406 237, 151 1,201,861 377,268 300,315 39,850 418,043 106,874 109,325 41,635 3,185,103 117,491 803,854 1,264,402 997, 135 168, 168 99,099 2, 397, 004 173, 792 9,476 11,748,915 482, 23, 258, 65, 19, 45, 155, 48, 66, 730,471 260,632 219,944 17,194 198,155 45,027 52,834 28,877 400,664 100,821 588,569 951, 490 731,915 121,411 98,164 287,625 83,409 4,448 4,670,243 6 406 150 175 149 20 129 14 190 141 1,675 525 1,651 2 587 165 91 47 3,030 2 245 718 636 77 5 1,756 22 310 12 180 160 1,416 505 3,030 100 1,636 75 109 235 6 95 150 175 74 20 64 10 190 113 365 162 31 47 2 245 612 536 71 121 22 10 30 40 6,269 4,587 229 1,443 1,756 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Hand stamps 2 Hats, far-felt 2 Liquors, malt 2 Lumber and timber products 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed 2 3 Same number reported for one or more' Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Paving materials 1 Photo-engraving 1 Pickles, preserves, Printing materials 1 Pumps, not including power pumps. . 1 Refrigerators 1 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 1 ^z^d 6f McroEoM: stereotyping and electrotypirg 1 Structural ironwork, not made in stoel works or roUing nulls 2 Trunks and vaUses 1 Vinegar 1 Wuidow and door screens 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 er reported throughout the year. 1494 MANUFACTURES— TEXAS. " Table 33.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. •WAGE EARNINGS DEC. 15, OR NEAREST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. ■ Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- in- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male Fe- male Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 SAN ANTONIO— All industries . . . Automobile repairing . 239 7 31 3 5 5 8 6 3 11 8 6 3 8 6 7 5 4 3 4 24 24 9 7 8 9 3 55 5,058 201 184 513 77 4,083 Au 4,226 My 3,946 4,322 3,734 573 14 1 $11,448,953 9 62 243 628 219 30 295 269 36 93 353 147 15 199 73 32 36 176 13 108 314 373 301 57 15 153 16 1,480 7 36 3 4 5 3 2 13 6 3 2 7 5 8 3 ...... 1 17 21 5 8 8 11 4 40 1 "3' 2 2 9 7 2 '""9' 8 1 1 8 7 2 33 33 1 30 11 1 1 2 "'i' 11 8 3 "12 1 52 205 615 207 21 237 208 29 79 296 124 13 165 63 24 23 146 3 71 215 176 140 36 Fe3 Se Au 56 209 655 242 21 Oc. Se Te De 49 201 570 126 21 5U 202 636 217 21 243 2.08 35 86 301 107 15 139 65 26 24 195' 3 82 215 184 141 43 49 175 636 9 18 134 101 33 85 300 107 14 139 65 23 24 190 3 61 176 166 126 40 2 26 25,647 257,969 512,151 106,680 73,337 476,999 435,749 41,260 84,581 737, 171 670,402 11,448 431,423 89,000 69,085 105,319 646,692 8,599 178,892 638,633 425,655 377,768 43,887 4,000 60,402 8,205 5,930,763 3 4 Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts 1 .S 208 3 109 107 2 "'"i" fi 7 R Oc Au3 Se3 Oo 1^6 3 Jy My 3 Jas Jy3 Oo ?i No 228 35 86 304 165 15 195 66 26 29 213 3 96 227 De Ja3 Fe Fe De Au3 De Ja Jy3 Ja3 My ^'o3 AU3 186 21 73 286 81 10 137 58 22 17 59 3 54 206 q Ice cream 10 11 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Foundry and machine-shop products. Ice, manufactured 1 ^'> 13 Jewelry 1 14 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills. Marble and stone work 12 13 2 2 15 Ifi Mattresses and spring beds 2 1 17 Mineral and soda water 6 16 2 7 21 12 S 3 1 3 13 3 26 56 149 137 9 3 9 1 1 ...... 5 15 11 1 3 4 18 5 19 Patent medicines and oompoimds ?fl 21 34 16 15 1 21 Printing and publishuig, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Frmting and publishing 5 1 1 m Fe De3 149 44 Ap Ap3 129 32 24 ?5 Printing, publishing, and job printiiig. ' Publishing -without printing Tobacco, cigars, and cigarettes Trunks and valises 1 1 26 129 12 1,207 Mh Jy3 162 13 Se No 3 93 10 110 13 1,387 7 13 1,340 103 27 ?f< AH other industries * n 145 17 43 4 * All other industries embrace — Artificial stone products 1 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Boot and shoe nndings 1 Boxes and oajtons, paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brooms, from broom com 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cooperage 2 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supplies 1 Dental goods 2 Electroplating 1 Engravmg, steel and copper plate.. 1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 Food preparations, not elsewhere speclned 5 Furniture 3 Furs, dressed 1 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS-ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Abiune Amarillo Austin Beaumont Brownsville.. Cleburne Denison Galveston Laredo Marshall Palestine Paris San Angelo... Sherman Temple Texabkana Tyler Waco Wichita Falls 18 139 14 12 5 1 107 36 429 43 26 41 8 311 114 1,182 119 63 93 16 891 67 1,335 45 78 128 11 1,073 14 102 12 7 7 76 26 1,037 22 40 78 11 886 30 1,109 31 15 98 11 954 116 1,847 111 67 211 48 1,410 28 326 32 7 16 1 270 28 1,296 18 66 41 5 1,166 20 704 19 10 22 5 648 42 643 38 39 45 8 513 30 225 33 16 8 7 161 36 542 27 44 68 14 389 37 454 37 29 37 9 342 29 1,073 18 44 46 10 955 20 592 18 36 30 2 506 125 1,503 108 86 171 13 1,125 31 506 25 39 61 4 '377 De 129 Au« 323 Mh 952 Fe 1,195 Au 89 De 936 Se 1,154 Se 1,487 My 300 No 1,211 Oc Fe Je Jy 800 594 179 453 415 My 1,079 Ap 526 Ja 1,219 Ju 436 Je Au My" Fe 90 278 853 991 Au 827 My 773 Ap 1,345 De 245 Je 1,104 My Je Fe Oo Mh 462 142 327 Oo 818 Ja 472 My 1,063 My 333 140 322 952 966 1,096 1,427 284 1,253 777 540 • 178 419 1,061 537 1,214 451 123 308 887 1,078 1,043 1,279 284 1,246 762 466 169 353 367 1,023 461 1,054 432 17 14 61 12 1 33 41 135 22 66 149 3 16 $567,341 1,094,143 2,956,609 4,940,050 256,664 1,463,075 1,052,106 7,210,345 333,275 2,039,945 905,838 1,687,150 380,338 2,968,280 1,701,536 1,951,684 685,764 3,964,126 2,356,789 I Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUi:.ACTURES— TEXAS. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1495 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage, earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $463,229 $612,761 $2,411,750 $58,405 $88,808 $616,914 $9,639,056 $450,558 $17,849,240 $7,759,626 8,859 7,122 415 80 1,242 470 1 2,100 1,272 1,800 12,412 7,892 3,005 45,693 44,262 1,431 1,000 42,116 11,043 36,347 106,222 394,543 59,692 12,944 88.851 67,515 20,536 53,633 194, 734 63,096 10,000 104,763 39,533 12,800 12,409 60,667 1,165 23,109 131,325 173,285 151,459 21,826, 5,160 4,760 232 3,539 640 727 802 4,982 4,523 459 586 6,511 6,391 75 2,667 1,055 617 630 6,203 26 1,694 4,335 5,518 5,393 113 12 15,461 237 454,986 26,250 345,564 362,677 178,806 158,442 397,868 328, 018 69,850 71,143 543,463 19,775 10,500 347,006 40,562 40,163 61,251 1,034,438 7,980 268,839 143,606 176,382 163,090 11,492 1,800 74,834 6,128 5,333,390 875 14,158 49,722 2,098 1,892 7,786 6,111 1,675 619 10,208 72,417 334 4,470 2,161 485 454 25,383 60 2,147 6,810 8,776 7,749 1,017 10 82,918 610,224 840,129 302,767 206,570 693,530 578,260 115,270 175,340 976,045 271,020 32,425 549,383 123,662 66,166 121,579 1,265,073 26,848 495,810 481,949 951,430 850,146 59,240 42,044 156, 996 13,337 9,406,039 55,793 250,502 427,730 121,863 46,236 287,876 244,131 43,745 103,578 422,374 178,828 21,591 197,907 80,939 25,528 59,874 205,252 18,808 234,824 331,534 766,272 679,307 46,731 40,234 82, 162 7,167 3,832,988 38 114 139 30 46 140 106 34 15 423 913 6 484 126 46 17 910 5 71 182 216 183 33 10 28 114 2 1,225 3 7,016 5,500 3,000 18,120 14,120 4,000 139 4 2,744 2,651 10,920 8,700 2,220 4,550 1,135 1,240 1,314 955 590 740 1,152 1,000 625 540 19,229 9,903 7,350 2,085 468 1,278 1,290 17,132 30 46 66 32 34 15 70 5 6 66 66 8 8 7 8 9 715 11,708 4,755 in 25,300 17,133 193 910 160 3 11 1? 6 15 16 45 13 13 23,996 3,795 17,816 3,600 435 34 109 14 15 16 3,715 4,820 36,114 1,200 9,030 44,783 36,346 31,756 3,390 1,200 1,175 15,522 1,303 42,544 55,095 132,027 122,467 3,280 6,280 21,760 4 910 1,800 388 1,131 14,499 3,047 320 11,132 5 51 182 212 179 33 19 20 20 ■'1 4 4 22 23 24 25 32,281 7,311 794,840 42 239,661 2 4,938 2 326 "'■476' 27 28 214,976 195,686 18,469 4,445 87 80 Gas,illuminating and heating 3 Handstamps 1 Liquors, malt 5 Pamts 2 Petroleum, refining 1 Photo-engraving 1 Refrigerators 2 Saddlery and harness 1 Sand-Ume brick 1 Slaughtering and meat packing.. Statuary and art goods 1 Stencils and brands 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Vinegar i Wirework; i CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $12,279 29,227 102,482 133,162 11,260 58,573 28,752 196,779 12,190 93,631 15,796 54,885 22,673 78,455 44,215 60,035 50,222 138,243 66,644 $3,376 40,496 95,104 148,119 5,240 79,274 105,523 238,525 9,247 40,126 21,939 46,352 6,722 91,068 40,598 49,937 27,580 140,351 72,491 $68,849 254,881 611,452 673,830 25,472 $2,600 626 81,308 8,950 3,475 $1,434 12,805 36, 417 20,804 2,704 $2,903 6,876 29,868 46,177 2,180 654,008 608,582 954,654 104,605 691,227 4,654 7,888- 44,201 3,180 6,184 13,152 13,499 114,074 5,959 5,951 814 21,199 200 770 504,265 271,892 104,386 220,780 236,681 5,648 741 1,475 9,816 1,921 2,346 11,157 5,730 7,887 7,458 8,222 15,039 2,436 27,086 15,369 513,687 313,371 698,585 264,337 455 60 11,459 44,500 5,233 5,297 50,987 6,770 12,808 12,012 38,913 9,663 $151,386 467,645 1,577,727 3,357,156 59,540 1,257,941 1,100,879 5,514,261 118,673 1,007,877 522,703 1,491,666 235,951 5,800,330 893,011 1,023,892 418,075 3,445,854 1,886,426 $14,030 41,803 136, 138 85,105 14,639 101,140 73, 773 201, 590 25,072 57,847 61,393 46,762 31,086 63, 704 65,272 90,639 .30,573 137,336 28,672 $311,346 986,087 3,370,974 5,191,055 167,136 2,246,263 2,068,788 8,691,969 344,811 2,099,355 1,222,160 2,283,876 499, 148 7,027,747 1,451,925 1,994,009 896,549 5,611,737 2,572,785 $145,930 476,639 1,657,109 1,748,794 93,057 887,182 894, 136 2,976,118 201,066 1,033,631 638,064 745, 457 232,111 1,163,713 .493,642 879,478 447,901 2,028,547 667,687 502 1,791 4,824 5,580 486 1,641 3,652 8,939 530 1,963 1,302 2,220 937 2,366 1,666 2,669 1,332 5,452 2,085 215 1,034 3,365 4,834 460 429 1,395 5,894 191 1,320 1,228 1,914 710 1,862 1,247 2,120 1,232 3,805 1,800 35 65 583 81 172 372 140 515 73 23 167 238 10 295 198 252 692 876 665 1,106 2,085 2,673 199 128 74 233 204 337 319 311 90 1,362 87 79 216 3 50 205 703 90 5 IS 169 105 18 494 357 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® UTAH. By William S. Waxidbt. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Utah was admitted to the Union as a state in 1896. With a gross area of 84,990 square miles, of which 82,184 represent land surface, it ranks tenth in size among the states. In 1914 there were in Utah 52,745 square miles of unap- propriated and unreserved public lands of the United States, 12,444 square miles in national forests, and 280 square miles in Indian reservations. At the census of 1900 the population was 276,749; at the census of 1910, 373,351; and the estimated population in 1914 was 415,000. In total population Utah ranked forty- first among the states in 1910; and in density of popu- lation it ranked forty-second, with 4.5 inhabitants per square mUe, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 3.4. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 172,934, or 46.3 per cent of the total, as against 38.1 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 three cities each of which had a population estimated at more than 10,000: Ogden, Provo, and Salt Lake City. These cities, whose aggregate popu- lation in that year formed 35.9 per cent of the esti- mated total population of Utah, reported 27 per cent of the state's .manufactured products. The steam-railway mUeage in 1914, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 2,098, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 190. Utah is largely a mining and agricultural state, although its manufacturing interests have a rapidly increasing share in its wealth. According to the report of the United States Geological Survey the total mineral output of the state for 1914 was valued at $45,624,698, the principal products being copper $20,220,522, lead $6,681,602, silver $6,168,669, and coal $4,935,454. The total value of farm crops in 1909 was $18,484,615, of which $6,043,294, or about one-third, represented the value of wheat, oats, com, and barley. The state is without navigable rivers or lakes, but the great flow of water from the various moimtain streams is utilized in the generation of elec- tric power and in mining and irrigation. Among the industries dependent upon agriculture and horticid- ture are flour milling, the canning of fruits and vege- tables, and the manufacture of beet sugar, and of but- ter, cheese, and condensed milk. Those deriving their raw materials from the mines are lead and cop- per smelting and the production of coke and salt. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The manu- facturing industries of Utah in 1914 turned out prod- ucts valued at $87,112,360 and gave employment to 13,894 wage earners. Measured by the former stand- ard, Utah ranked fortieth among the states in 1904, thirty-ninth in 1909, and thirty-fifth in 1914; and measured by the latter its rank was fortieth in each year. The state's proportion of the total value of manufactures in the United States at each census was three-tenths of 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Utah, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from cen- sus to census. Table 1 MANUFACTtnUNG INDUSTKIES. PEE CENT OF DTCEEASE, 1911 1909 1904 1899 1909- 1911 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1,109 17,126 999 2,233 13,894 59,536 $71,843,168 13,695,957 2,843,625 10,852,332 277,662 986,464 62,233,180 87,112,360 24,879,180 749 14,133 688 1,660 11,785 42,947 $52,626,640 10,366,053 1,966,419 8,399,634 104,176 684,230 41,265,661 61,989,277 20,723,616 606 9,650 619 979 8,052 19,397 $26,004,011 6,195,753 1,038,353 5,157,400 70,186 .2 232,397 24,939,827 38,926,464 13,986,637 575 8. 5,413 12,674 $13,219,039 3,263,134 500,612 2,762,622 11,440,250 17,981,648 6,541,398 48.1 21.2 45.2 34.5 17.9 38.6 36.5 32.1 44.6 29.2 166.5 44.2 50.8 40.5 20.1 23.6 46.5 11.1 69.6 46.4 121.4 102.4 67.3 89.4 62.9 48.4 5.4 63.4 48 8 53.0 caSr ■■.■:::::;:::::::::;:::::::::::.:...: 96.7 89.9 Salaries " 107.4 86.7 Paid for contract work . . *. 65.5 59.2 48.2 118.0 116.5 Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) 113.8 ' Figures not available. sExclusive of internal revenue. The manufacturing activities of the state show sub- stantial increases from census to census in all items covered by the table, but the relative gain has been of manufactures is best measured by the number of persons employed and the value of the products. The average number of wage earners increased 17.9 per less at each successive five-year perioeL - The nri^ress . jc^t fTOrrU%9 to 1914, as compared with 46.4 per cent 1498 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. and 48.8 per cent, respectively, for the two preceding five-year periods. In value of products the rate of increase was 40.5 per cent for the period from 1909 to 1914, 59.2 per cent from 1904 to 1909, and 116.5 per cent from 1899 to 1904. The percentages of increase shown for Utah are considerably in excess of the corresponding percentages for the United States as a whole. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 CENSUS or 1914. PEB CENT OP mCKEASE. ' Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value ot products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 189»- 1904 1,109 13, 894 100.0 $87,112,360 100.0 $24,879,180 100.0 17.9 46.4 48.8 40.5 59.2 116.5 20.1 48.2 113.8 Smelting, lead 3 8 70 14 166 37 37 31 130 48 86 5 3 23 27 4 11 53 28 2 56 7 262 1,882 2,193 198 138 872 677 264 617 ■ 748 530 306 204 267 349 438 208 183 134 145 123 92 3,326 13.5 15.8 1.4 1.0 6.3 4.9 1.9 4.4 5.4 3.8 2.2 1.5 1.9 2.5 3.2 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.7 23.9 21,752,102 3,574,891 3,155,513 3,010,678 2,780,009 2,429,804 2,298,153 2,125,088 1,504,082 1,501,691 1,370,226 1,345,771 1,233,321 858,951 625,186 616,848 528,325 508,808 490,084 384,833 287,932 34,730,065 25.0 4.1 3.6 3.5 3.2 2.8 2.6 2.4 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.3 3,685,872 2,069,387 518, 196 338,712 1,899,791 760,493 407,084 861,899 942,234 683,434 571,066 996, 673 762,116 734,219 502,569 337,482 245,651 189,540 204,295 231,657 208.114 14.8 8.3 2.1 1.4 7.6 3.1 1.6 3.5 3.8 2.7 2.3 4.0 3.1 3.0 2.0 1.4 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 31.1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 26.7 7.6 38.7 22.7 37.4 0.7 30.5 0.8 78.2 15.6 129.5 16.6 8.9 53.9 62.9 12.9 -0.8 45.2 29.1 158.8 57.9 44.4 46.2 44.2 91.6 36.6 -16.3 -6.6 13.0 121.9 13.7 30.4 73.8 32.8 22.3 -6.6 42.9 61.9 161.2 40.4 51 rlour-mill and gristmill products 4.1 104.4 Printine and Bublishiiie . -9.8 71.0 23.4 5.3 73.5 42.1 8.5 14.6 77.4 -3.2 103 4 Canning and preserving Butter,"cheese, and condensed milk... 74.9 136.8 119.0 -49.0 192;5 i49.4 -23.9 ios.s 177.9 62.6 Foundry and maoMne-shop products . Bread and other bakery products 47.6 32.8 78.6 124.0 113.0 86.3 47.1 78.9 131.5 75.2 Cement Marble and stone work 188.4 -28.2 24.6 5.2 16.5 218.1 -28.8 68.6 26.0 19.5 164.7 107.6 128.8 28.6 91.9 60.0 96.7 '393.'9' 310.1 -26.7 70.7 92.9 13.8 171.2 110.1 54.7 -20.1 45.2 73 7 Brick and tile 87.7 30.6 Gas , illuminating and iieating 1.8 278.6 Confectionerv (ice cream) Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Salt 66.5 -22.4 70.5 58.8 -29.6 All other industries 39.9 7.728.696 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 28; a minus sign { — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, or when comparable figures can not be given. 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Separate statistics are presented for 21 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $280,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 4 with products exceeding $3,000,000 in value, 4 with products between $2,000,000 and $3,000,000, 5 with products between $1,000,000 and $2,000,000, and 8 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual establish- ments, are some which had products exceeding in value those of certain industries for which figures are shown in the table. These industries comprise the production of coke, the smelting of copper, and the manufacture of beet sugar. Copper smelting and the manufacture of beet sugar in Utah not only are important industries in the state but contribute a considerable part of the total production of these two industries in the United States. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as measured by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on the average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The smeltirig)yi^y^2(L/^t^ ranked first in value of products an(iva[ue adcfodl^ manufacture, was second in number of wage earners. The steam-railroad repair shops, second in value of products and value added by manufacture, ranked first in average number of wage earners. The flour- mill and gristmill industry, although third in value of products, held only fifteenth place in average number of wage earners and twelfth in value added by manu- facture. This industry consists largely of the simple ^ocess of grinding grain, requiring few employees, and the value added to the raw material by manu- facture is relatively small. Similarly, slaughtering and meat packing, while fourth in value of products, occupied eighteenth place in number of wage earners and fifteenth in value added by manufac- ture. The manufacture of butter, cheese, and con- '■ densed milk, another industry whicji requires com- paratively few employees and adds relatively little value by the manufacturing process, while seventh in value of products, was twelfth in average number of wage earners and fourteenth in value added by manufacture. On the other hand, printing and pub- fishing, fifth in value of products, was third in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture, and the malt-fiquor industry, ranking twelfth in value A/^|;y^^#@id fourteenth in number of wage earners, I was fourth in value added by manufacture. The MANUFACTURES— UTAH. 1499 relatively higli rank of this industry in value added by manufacture is due to the fact that this itena (which represents the difference between value of products and cost of materials) includes the amount of internal-revenue taxes paid by the brewers, not in- cluded in the cost of materials, in addition to the value actually added by the manufacturing process. In rank according to value of products the figures for 1914 show many changes as compared with those for 1909, due to the fact that statistics for the smelting of lead, one of the most important industries in the state, have not been presented separately for the years prior to 1914. Of the more important industries shown in the table, the railroad car shops, continue to rank second; the flour-mill and gristmiU industry dropped from first to third place; slaughtering and meat packing advanced to fourth place; and canning and preserving to sixth; while printing and publishing and the manufacture of butter, cheese, and con- densed milk, industries ranking fifth and seventh, respectively, in 1914 were third and fourth, respec- tively, in 1909. For the remainder of the industries slight changes are noticeable from census to census. Smelting lead. — In 19i4 the lead smelted in Utah, according to the report of the Geological Survey, amounted to 88,976 tons, or one-sixth of the total for the United States, the. state ranking third in output of this mineral. The importance ^of lead smelting in its connection with manufactm-es may be more fully appreciated when it is considered that in 1914 the industry gave employment to an average of 1,882 wage earners, or 13.5 per cent of the average number for all industries combined in the state, and that the value of its products, amounting to $21,752,102, was 25 per cent of the total. It shoidd be under- stood, however, that the value of the products shown for the industry includes the value of the precious metals extracted in connection with the smeltiag of the lead ore. Cars and general . shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. — This industry represents the work done in car shops of steam-railroad compa- nies, which is practically limited to repairs to the roll- ing stock and equipment of the companies reporting. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners increased by 26.7 per cent and the value of products by 30.5 per cent. Fhur-miU and gristmill products. — This industry is exclusive of custom miUs grinding for toU or local consumption. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase of 7.6 per cent in the average number of wage earners, but the value of products increased by only eight-tenths of 1 per cent. Slaughtering and meat packing. — ^This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing establishments only. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase of 78.2 per cent in value of products but a decrease of 6.6 per cent in value added by manufacture. The latter item, which has always been relatively small for this industry, represented only 11.2 per cent of the total value of products in 1914. Printing and publishing. — Included in this industry are the estabHshments engaged in bookbinding and blank-book making; engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing; lithographing; printing and publishiag, book and job; and the printing and pub- lishing of newspapers and periodicals. Durrag the five-year period 1909-1914 the value of products in- creased by 15.6 per cent but the average number of wage earners decreased by 9.8 per cent. Canning and preserving. — This industry in Utah in 1914 included 31 estabUshments engaged in canning and preserving fruits and vegetables and 6 producing pickles, preserves, and sauces. The value of products for that year shows an increase of 129.5 per cent over the value reported for 1909, and during the same period the average number of wage earners increased by 71 per cent. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — This industry does not include products made on farms. From 1909 to 1914 the value of products increased by 16.6 per cent and the average number of wage earners by 23.4 per cent. Persons engaged in manufactnring industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEESONS ENGAGED m MAOTTFACTUE- DtQ INDUSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 17,126 14, 133 15,143 12,680 1,983 1,453 88.4 89.7 11 6 10.3 1,738 1,221 1,686 1,195 52 26 97.0 97.9 3.0 2.1 Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried officers ot corporations. . Superintendents and managers. . Clerts and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number) 999 688 192 135 547 398 1,494 1,127 13,894 11,785 968 673 184 132 634 390 1,298 923 12,159 10,562 31 15 8 3 13 8 196 204 1,735 1,223 96.9 97.8 9.5.8 97.8 97.6 98.0 86.9 81.9 87.5 89.6 3.1 2.2 4.2 2.2 2.4 2.0 13.1 18.1 12.5 10.4 13,687 11,675 207 110 12,031 10,470 128 92 1,656 1,205 79 18 87.9 89.7 61.8 83.6 12.1 10.3 38.2 16.4 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1500 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. The manufacturing industries of Utah gave employ- ment in 1914 to 17,126 persons, of whom 13,894, or more than four-fifths, were wage earners, 1,738 were proprietors and officials, and 1,494 were clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 12,031, or about seven- eighths, were males and 1,656, or about one-eighth, were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries wiU be found in Table 29. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 PEE30NS ENOAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTBIES. Percent of increase,i 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Allclasses 21.2 19.4 36.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials 42.3 45.2 42.2 37.4 32.6 17.9 17.2 88.2 41.1 43.8 39.4 36.9 40.6 15.1 14.9 10.1 6.8 1.1 3.2 8.7 81.1 79.9 1.2 8.6 4.9 0.9 2.8 8.0 83.4 82.6 0.8 11.1 6.4 1.2 3.5 8.6 80.3 79.4 0.9 9.4 5.3 1.0 7.3 83.3 82.6 0.7 2.6 1.6 0.4 0.6 9.9 87.5 83.5 4.0 Proprietors and firm members 1.0 2 Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers 6 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees -3.9 41.9 37.4 14.0 84.2 S2.9 1.3 Wage earners (average number) , , 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age ' A minus sign (-) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase in each of the several classes of employees. In 1914 wage earners formed a somewhat smaller pro- portion of the total number of persons engaged in manufactures than in 1909. Of the 13,894 wage earners, 1.4 per cent were under 16 years of age in 1914, as against nine-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown in the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifi- cation employed at the earlier census. (See "Expla- nation of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUKING INDUSTBIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total .. 17,126 14,133 9,650 100.0 100.0 100.0 21.2 46 5 Proprietors and firm members. 999 2,233 13,894 688 1,660 11,785 619 979 8,052 5.8 13.0 81.1 4.9 11.7 83.4 6.4 10.1 83.4 45.2 34.5 17.9 11.1 69 6 Wage earners (average) 46.4 Each of the three classes for which figures are given in this table shows increases for both five-year periods. The increase for the decade for all persons engaged in manufacturing amounted to 77.5 per cent. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and chil- dren under 16 years of age, are given in Table 6 for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Digitized by Table 6 All industries. Bread and other bakery products.. Brick and tile Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-raihoad companies. Confectionery Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. . Lumber and timber products Printing and publishing Smelting, lead All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 Average num- ber.i WAGE EAKNERS. 13,894 11,785 8,052 306 282 438 610 264 214 677 396 2,193 1,731 198 184 530 373 748 431 872 967 1,882 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 84.9 81.7 81.9 95.2 84.6 35.6 39.1 100.0 27.3 30.2 99.0 100.0 99.2 100.0 97.2 98.6 80.9 84.4 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years of age. 12.0 10.2 12.6 17.3 17.4 2.5 0.9 14.7 13.3 5,169 6,011 87.1 93.4 12.0 6.1 1.4 0.9 2.4 1.0 0.7 3.2 4.8 16.7 15.4 53.2 55.3 11.2 5.6 0.1 69.4 69.1 3.4 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.3 0.5 4.4 2.3 01 0.9 0.5 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the number for all industries combined, see "Explanation of terms." Between 1904 and 1909 the percentage of male wage earners 16 years of age and over increased materially, while the proportions of both women and children decreased. During the succeeding five- Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— UTAH. 1501 year period a change in the opposite direction, although less pronounced, took place, with the result that the percentage of men in 1914 was greater than in 1904 but less than in 1909, while the proportions of women and children in 1914 were smaller than in 1904 but greater than in 1909. Male wage earners predominate in each of the in- dustries shown in Table 6, except in canning and pre- serving and in the manufacture of confectionery, for which the proportions of female wage earners in 1914 were 63.2 per cent and 69.4 per cent, respec- tively — nearly the same as in 1909. These two industries also show comparatively large proportions of wage earners imder 16 years of age, that for canning and preserving being by far the largest — 11.2 per cent. Relatively large proportions of this class also appear for the brick and tile industry and for printing and publishing. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the three cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 Census year. AYEBAGE NUMBER OF ■WAGE EAKNEKS IN— SEX AUD AGE. Ogden. Provo. Salt Lake City. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,894 1,323 1,013 330 4,931 4,287 2,776 16 years of age and OTer: Male 1,458 1,057 841 388 262 136 48 4 36 198 4,029 3,566 2,289 820 127 677 443 5 82 44 44 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 77.0 79.9 83.0 20.5 19.8 13.4 2.5 0.3 3.6 80.0 81.7 83.2 82.5 "Female 38.5 16.6 15.8 16.0 Under 16 vears of aee 1.5 1.7 1.0 1.5 The proportion of female wage earners in each of the three cities in 1914 was considerably greater than for the state as^ a whole, the largest percentage, 38.5, being shown for Provo, in which city over seven- eighths of the female wage earners were reported by three industries — canning and preserving, the manu- facture of confectionery, and printing and pubHshiag. From 1909 to 1914 there were increases in each of the three classes of wage earners in Ogden and Salt Lake City, but in the case of Provo figures for earher years are not available. Wage earners employed, by month£)/^j^^^-^ng table gives, for aU industries combined, the total num- ber of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 8 WAGE EARNERS EST MANUFACTCEING INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Number.i Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 January 13,035 12,382 12,578 13,101 13,386 14.262 15,401 14.993 15,794 15,525 13,334 12,937 11,412 10,449 10,594 10,830 10,749 11,868 12,436 12,234 13,277 13,070 12.445 12,053 6,261 6,112 6,533 ^533 7,882 8,358 8,660 8,972 10,086 9,842 8,494 7,891 82.5 78.4 79.6 82.9 84.8 90.3 97.5 94.9 100.0 98.3 84.4 81.9 86.0 78.7 79.8 81.6 81.0 89.4 93.7 92.1 100.0 98.4 93.7 90.8 62.1 60.6 March . . . . . . 64.8 April 74.7 M^y.. : : . :..: 78.1 82.9 July / 85.9 89.0 100.0 October 97.6 84.2 December 78.2 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. At each of the three censuses shown in the table, the period of greatest activity in manufacturing was the late summer and autumn, the maximum being reported each year for September. The year 1909 shows the least fluctuation from month to month in the number of wage earners employed, but in 1914 the variation was only a trifle greater. The greatest difference between the maximum and the minimum months in any one of the three years was 3,974 in 1904. Table 9 gives the total average number_ of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of .the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the three cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The 13 industries shown separately in the table vary considerably as to the maximum and the minimum months of employment. The figures reported reflect a fair stabihty of employment in all industries except those which are seasonal in character. The canning season lasts only about four months — ^from July to October — reaching its maximum in September. The number 6f wage earners employed in January and February, the minimum months, represent only 4.2 per cent of the number employed in the maximum month. Brick and tile and the lumber industry show wide variations between their periods of greatest and least activity, the percentages which the minimum forms of the maximum being 43.5 and 54.6, respectively. The manufacture of beet sugar is another seasonal industry, in which (although separate statistics for this industry can not be given without disclosing the operations of individual establishments) the maxi- f^ffSPQSlS^^t^ minimum months of employment were October and March, respectively. 1502 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. Table 9 WAGE EARNERS: 1914. [Month of maxiitimti BmplnyttiAnt for osu-h inrliifstry is indlrated by boldface figures and that, o' T"lii"""n by italic figures.) nroUSTKY AND CITV. Aver- age number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. Jan- uary. Peb- roary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. AH industries 13,894 306 438 264 677 2,193 617 198 530 204 748 349 872 1,882 4,616 7,155 13,035 1S,S8S 12,578 13,101 13,386 14,262 15,401 14,993 16,794 15,525 13,334 12,937 78.4 Bread and other bakery products 301 276 242 97 2,282 565 202 663 179 648 m 869 2,123 4,562 6,666 298 «75 244 97 2,183 549 201 545 187 573 293 868 2,000 4,084 6,574 343 241 127 2,257 548 190 494 199 567 366 873 1,934 4,143 6,702 303 471 267 148 2,161 557 185 626 207 594 351 874 2,070 4,387 6,906 318 546 284 176 11,095 555 212 58S 363 882 2,034 4,610 7,017 312 633 291 582 2,128 589 191 545 238 827. 360 879 1,970 4,717 7,323 305 569 264 1,556 2,234 638 178 574 244 787 390 852 1,927 4,883 7,866 310 533 266 1,277 2,208 623 197 682 230 844 380 848 2,000 4,695 7,429 313 515 265 2,286 2,193 692 214 542 218 879 373 862 1,708 4,734 7,633 303 422 271 1,433 2,279 773 217 497 187 1,003 375 876 1,678 5,211 7,714 306 368 278 233 2,155 670 210 482 lee 881 391 886 1,48S 4,826 7,165 307 305 255 112 2,141 658 210 455 181 885 315 896 1,658 4,560 6,875 93.1 Brick and tile 43.4 Tlntt^r, r^hftfisft, niiH potiH«tisrH milk 82.8 Canning and preserving 4.2 Cars and general sliop construction and repairs by 91.8 70.1 Flour-mill and gristmill products 82.0 78.2 68.0 Lumber and timber products 54.6 57.8 Printing and publishing 94,7 69.8 All other industries 78.0 Total for cities . - . 83.7 1,894 330 4,931 1,698 317 4,651 1,770 SOS i,4S6 1,784 312 4,606 1,820 329 4,757 1,793 328 4,896 1,932 334 5,057 2,331 336 5,189 1,974 331 5,124 2,235 367 5,031 2,101 346 5,267 1,724 326 5,115 1,566 326 4,983 67.2 Provo 83.9 85.4 Prevailing hours of labor, — In Table 10 the average numbers of wage earners reported, for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. " Table 10 nroUSTRT AND CITY. All industries Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Calming and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Confectionery Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products - Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Printing and publishing Smelting, lead All other industries Total for cities. Ogden Peovo. Salt Lake City.. Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 Digitiz e d by Micro AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. Total. 13,894 11,785 306 282 438 610 264 214 677 2,193 1,731 617 586 198 184 530 373 204 178 748 431 349 121 872 967 1,882 4,616 5,712 1,894 330 4,931 In estabUshments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were — 48 and under. 3,977 2,093 573 165 339 59 812 438 833 746 2,805 1,180 47 1,578 Between 48 and 54. 1,011 874 24 2 2 195 253 44 79 23 7 72 85 21 790 12 67 9 199 70 12 98 46 176 140 21 141 37 70 85 4 5 22 253 546 380 1,060 112 6 2,158 2,072 109 156 n 364 1,027 381 123 38 8 287 265 568 1,532 209 115 1,208 Between 54 and 60. 3,331 3,545 2 61 4 10 9 7 35 33 804 21 2 198 1,417 1,037 3,140 759 73 60. 1,826 1,182 157 178 83 161 76 13 393 192 102 2 285 86 101 1 4 166 695 Between 60 and 72. 1,226 1,216 261 154 280 28 96 72 39 109 133 704 20 3 40 39 465 417 246 256 34 3 219 72. 18 406 1 377 Over 72. 347 397 346 393 40 25 is MANUFACTURES— UTAH. 1503 The figures in tMs table, for all industries combined and for many of the selected industries, indicate a tend- ency toward -the shortening of the working day. Almost the entire increase of 2,109 m the number of wage earners occurred in establishments operating 54 hours or less per week. Three of the five groups of establishments where the longer working day pre- vailed show a decrease in the number of wage earners employed. • In 1909, 57.2 per cent of the wage earners in all manufactures combined were employed in estab- lishments operating more than 54 hours per week,' but the percentage for this class was reduced to 48.6 in 1 914. The large number of wage earners shown for the group working between 54 and 60 hours per week in 1914 is accounted for in considerable part by the fact that these are the prevailing hours in the copper and lead smelting industries. (The figures for copper smelting, as pre- viously explained, are not shown separately.) Among the separate industries, the bakery and the canning and preserving industries were largely on the 60-hour basis, but these two industries also reported a considerable number of wage earners -in the 54-hour group in 1914. In the steam-railroad repair shops, the confectionery industry, and in the foundries and machine shops a majority of the wage earners were in establishments in which the prevailing hoxirs were 54 or less per week.- In the malt-Uquor, lumber, marble and stone, and printing and pubHshing industries the majority of the wage earners were employed 48 hours and under. Of the 7,155 wage earners in the three cities in 1914, 6,156, or 86 per cent, were in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were under 60 per week, while only 999, or 14 per cent, were in estabhshments where the hours were 60 or more per week. In Ogden and Salt Lake City estabhshments operating 48 hours and under reported more wage earners than any other group, but in Prove the 60-hour basis of work prevailed. Location of establishments. — ^Table 11 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which manufac- tures in Utah were centralized in the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 11 Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVING A POPULATION OF 10,000 OE OVER. DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVING Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 26,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. Number or amoiint. Percent of ag- gregate. Number, or amouht. Percent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Percent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Percent of ag- gregate. Number or amount. Percent of ag- gregate. Nninhfir nfplap.p_9 .,. . . ... 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 3 2 2 149,355 118,357 69,844 509 313 205 7,155 5,610 2,832 $23,621,020 17,064,604 6,621,140 10,908,621 8,384,066 2,865,094 1 1 2 1 29,528 118,357 53,631 110 313 154 1,894 5,610 2,164 $6,014,368 17,064,504 4,278,926 2,446,707 8,384,056 2,302,327 1 36.0 31.7 26.2 45.9 41.7 35.7 51.6 47.6 62.3 27.0 27.6 30.7 43.8 40.6 43.8 1 10,091 2.4 414,518 373,351 278, 749 1,109 749 675 13,894 11,785 6,413 $87,112,360 61,989,277 17,981,648 24,879,180 20,723,616 6,541,398 7.1 31.7 19.3 9.9 41.8 26.8 13.6 47.6 39.8 6.9 27.5 23.8 9.8 40.6 36.2 109, 736 26.5 265,163 254,994 206,905 600 436 370 6,739 6,175 2,681 $63,691,340 44,924,773 12,460,608 13,970,559 12,339,560 3,676,304 64.0 68.3 16,313 33 6.9 3.0 74.8 Number of establishments 366 33.0 54.1 58.2 51 330 8.9 2.4 64.3 Average number of wage earners. 4,931 36.5 48.5 52.4 678 $843,722 12.5 1.0 47.7 Value of products $16,662,940 19.1 73.0 72.5 1,242,214 332,349 6.9 1.3 69.3 Value added by manufacture .... 8,129,565 32.7 66.2 59.5 562, 767 8.6 66.2 ' Census estimate of population for 1914. In 1909 and in 1899 Ogden and Salt Lake City were the only cities in Utah having more than 10,000 inhab- itants, and neither of these cities had a population of more than 100,000; but in 1914 Salt Lake City had advanced to the 100,000-and-over class and Provo to the 10,000-to-25,000 class. Comparisons of the 1914 figures with those for earher years can not properly be made for the* three cities taken as a group and for the districts outside, since the statistics for Provo were included with those for the outside districts for 1909 and 1904. Table 11 shows that the increase in the manufactures of the state was general and extended to both urban and rural communities. In 1914 the three cities 1|lP which constituted 35.9 per cent of tl lation of the state reported 27 pei '^mkmy total value of products and 51.5 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, while the outside districts reported 73 per cent of the total value of products and 48.5 per cent of the total average num- ber of wage earners. These unusually small propor- tions for the cities are accounted for largely by the fact that three of the most important industries of the state — the manufacture of sugar, the smelting of cop- per, and the smelting of lead — are conducted in estab- hshments outside of the corporate limits of the cities. The relative importance in manufactures of each of the three cities having a population of more than 10,000, as measured by average number of wage earn- ers and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904 le 12. The cities are Hsted in the order ^ance as shown by value of products. 1504 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. No comparative figures for 1909 and 1904 are given for Provo, since that city had less than 10,000 inhab- itants in those years. Table 12 CITY. ATEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Salt Lake City 4,931 1,894 330 4,287 1,323 2,776 1,013 $16,662,940 6,014,358 843, 722 $13,351,547 3,712,957 $7,543,983 2,507,057 Of the total value of products for the three cities in 1914, Salt Lake City reported 70.8 per cent, Ogden 25.6 per cent, and Provo 3.6 per cent, and their pro- portions of the total average number of wage earners were 68.9 per cent, 26.5 per cent, and 4.6 per cent, respectively. The manufactures of Salt Lake City and Ogden each show marked increases in both average number of wage earners and value of products for the two five-year periods 1904-1909 and 1909-1914. The leading industries in Salt Lake City were print- ing and publishing, slaughtering and meat packing, and the bakery, confectionery and ice cream, foundry and machine-shop, and malt-hquor industries; in Ogden, the railroad repair shops, printing and publish- ing, slaughtering and meat packing, canning and pre- serving, and the manufacture of confectionery and of malt liquors; and in Provo, printing and pubhshing and the manufacture of confectionery, of foundry and machine-shop products, of lumber and timber prod- ucts, and of woolen goods. Character of ownership. — Table 13 presents statis- tics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organization, of maniifacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, for the state as a whole, compara- tive figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; fc* selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for individual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estab- lishments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 13 AVERAGE NUMBEI OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER or ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In ostablishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora^ tions. All Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All Industries 1914 1909 im 1914 1909 472 298 257 390 294 203 247 157 146 13,894 11,785 8,052, 895 986 764 12,233 9,998 6,544 766 801 744 6.4 8.4 9.6 88.0 84.8 81.3 5.5 6.8 9.2 $87,112,360 61,989,277 38,926,464 $3,423,648 3,194,702 2,002,858 $81,027,569 56,234,329 34,765,530 $2,661,143 2,560,246 2,158,076 3.9 5.2 5.1 93.0 90.7 89.3 3.1 4.1 5.5 Bread and other bakery products. 67 39 10 6 19 8 306 282 79 79 169 143 68 60 25.8 28.0 55.2 50.7 19.0 21.3 1,370,225 1,214,185 387,708 405,857 628,233 551,310 364,284 257,018 28.3 33.4 45.8 45.4 25.9 21.2 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 7 9 21 15 9 13 264 214 7 8 239 148 18 58 2.7 3.7 90.5 69.2 6.8 27.1 2,298,153 1,971,031 122,278 90,973 2,056,092 1,333,903 119,783 546,155 5.3 4.6 89.5 67.7 5.2 27.7 Flour-mlU and gristmill products. 1914 1909 15 8 50 40 5 12 198 184 21 15 170 151 7 18 10.6 8.2 85.9 82.1 3.5 9.8 3,155,513 3,130,895 431,887 244,681 2,595,553 2,615,989 128,073 270,225 13.7 7.8 82.2 83.6 4.1 8.6 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 15 13 19 11 14 3 530 373 36 101 429 242 65 30 6.8 27.1 80.9 64.9 12.3 8.0 1,501,691 922,125 68,611 263,746 1,265,161 686,726 167,919 71,654 4.6 28.6 84.2 63.6 11.2 7.8 Ltunber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 69 41 30 28 41 35 748 431 99 105 593 253 56 73 13.2 24.4 79.3 58.7 7.5 16.9 1,504,082 976,589 175,682 208,999 1,232,471 655,006 96,929 112,684 11.7 21.4 81.9 67.1 6.4 11.5 Printing and publishing. . 1914 1909 75 52 47 45 44 25 872 967 178 171 426 620 268 276 20.4 17.7 48.9 53.8 30.7 28.5 2,780,009 2,404,602 386,749 364,586 1,787,225 1,520,836 606,035 519,181 13.9 15.2 64.3 63.2 21.8 21.6 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 200 197 112 7,155 588 6,004 563 8.2 83.9 7.9 23,521,020 2,157,374 19,401,871 1,961,775 9.2 82.0 8.3 Ogden 44 17 139 45 12 140 'I 87 1,894 330 4,931 159 29 400 1,641 293 4,070 94 8 461 8.4 8.8 8.1 86.6 88.8 82.5 5.0 2.4 9.4 6,014,358 843,722 16,662,940 598,031 77,659 1,481,684 5,123,239 682,842 13,595,790 293,088 83,221 1,585,466 9.9 9.2 8.9 86.2 80.9 81.6 4.9 9.9 9.5 Although individual ownership predominates in number of establishments, the figures in-the preced- ing table indicate a marked trend toward corporate control of manufactures in Utah. While corporations represented but 35.2 per cent of the total number of plants engaged in manufacturing in 1914, they reported 93 per cent of the total value of products and 88 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The proportions reported by establishments in this class have been greater at each successive census for both wage earners and value of products. For both 1914 and 1909 the largest proportions of the total value of products and total average number of wage earners for each of the six inMiQ-i^^fihM^ separate statistics are given are shown for corporate ownership. The same condition prevails in each of the three cities where more than 80 per cent of the total value of products and total average number of wage earners in 1914 were reported for this class. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large establishments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 14. Of the 1,109 establishments in the state in 1914, only 100, or 9 per cent, reported products exceeding .1100,000 in value, but this class contributed 73.5 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, 86 1 per cent Sl^e total value of products, and 77.6 pei'i lyiiQB^QMf^tal value added by manufacture. The output of these large establishments has formed an MANUFACTURES— UTAH. 1505 increasingly large proportion of the total value of products at each successive census, from 78.8 per cent in 1904 to 82.8 per cent in 1909 and to 86 per cent in 1914. Similar increases appear also in the propor- tions of average number of wage earners and value added by manufacture for these estabUshments. The increases in value of products and average num- ber of wage earners for the single group of estabhsh- ments with products valued at more than $1,000,000 are stOl more pronounced. The small establish- ments — those having products less than $5,000 in value — although rep^'esenting 48.1 per cent of the total nmnber of establishments in 1914, reported only 1.3 per cent of the total value of products and 3.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. Table 14 VALUE OF PB0DT7CT. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 1,109 749 606 13,894 11,785 8,052 $87,112,360 $61,989,277 $38,926,464 $24,879,180 $20,723,616 $13,986,637 Less than $5,000 633 297 179 89 11 282 220 176 64 7 231 201 129 40 5 602 1,007 2,164 5,143 5,078 399 870 2,244 6,081 3,191 302 935 1,664 3,163 1,988 1,137,663 2,944,461 8,137,146 20,441,745 54,451,355 704,998 2,270,058 7,716,935 18,197,110 33,100,176 485,115 2,213,115 5,562,721 9,687,447 20,978,066 740,203 1,636,563 3,194,026 9,172,395 10,136,003 479,371 1,219,958 3,251,762 8,197,686 7,574,949 314,809 S5, 000 to 820,000 1,188,471 820,000 to $100,000 2,351,659 $100,000 to Sl,00O,00O 4,261,505 $1,000,000 and over 5,870,293 ■■ PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. Allclasses 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 48.1 26.8 16.1 8.0 1.0 37.7 29.4 23.5 8.5 0.9 38.1 33.2 21.3 6.6 0.8 3.6 7.2 15.6 37.0 36.5 3.4 7.4 19.0 43.1 27.1 3.8 11.6 20.7 39.3 24.7 1.3 3.4 9.3 23.5 62.5 1.1 3.7 12.4 29.4 53.4 1.2 5.7 14.3 24.9 53.9 3.0 6.6 12.8 36.9 40.7 2.3 5.9 15.7 39.6 36.6 2.3 $5,000 to $20,000 8.5 $20,000 to $100,000 16.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 . 30.5 $1,000,000 and over 42.0 Table 15 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for six of the more important industries, a classification of establish- ments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 14 for all industries combined. It is impossible, without disclosing individual operations, to give statis- tics for industries embracing establishments with prod- ucts valued at more than $1,000,000. Table 15 mOUSTBT AND VALUE OF PBODUCT. NUMBER OF ESTAB- LISHMENTS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EABNEBS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 Bread and other bakery products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. BUTTEE, CHEESE, AND CON- DENSED MILK Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20i000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Floub-mill and gbistmill peoducts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. undey and machine-shop peoducts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 1100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. LUMBEB AND TIMBEE PEODUCTS , Less than $5,000.. $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 and over 1. PEINTINQ AND PUBLISHING. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 , $20,000 to $100.000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. 37 48 17 20 7 4 130 97 21 12 166 53 37 104 70 20 14 122 100.0 100.0 45.3 37.2 12.8 4.7 100.0 39.6 34.0 20.8 5.7 100.0 18.9 35.1 32.4 13.5 100.0 5.7 34.3 47.1 12.9 100.0 10.8 45.9 32.4 10.8 100.0 6.0 20.0 63.3 11.7 100.0 35.4 41.7 14.6 8.3 100.0 18.5 37.0 29.6 14.8 100.0 74.6 16.2 9.2 100.0 67.3 19.2 13.5 100.0 50. 34.4 Di§U 306 100.0 100.0 $1,370,225 $1,214,185 100.0 100.0 $671,066 $466, 944 100.0 100.0 18 64 102 122 264 101 132 214 5.9 20.9 33.3 100.0 2.6 14.9 36.8 46.8 100.0 97, 670 292, 357 409,439 570,859 2,298,153 54,833 180, 467 436,822 642,063 1,971,031 7.1 21.3 29.9 41.7 100.0 4.6 14.9 36.0 44.6 100.0 46,978 126,725 147,431 250,932 407,084 23,661 70,996 152, 783 219,516 358,079 8.2 22.0 25.8 43.9 100.0 S.l 15.2 32.7 47.0 100.0 7 21 57 179 198 1 24 107 66 630 3 23 43 145 184 1 12 113 68 373 2.7 8.0 21.6 67.8 100.0 0.5 12.1 54.0 33.3 100.0 1.4 10.7 20.1 67.8 100.0 0.6 6.6 61.4 31.5 100.0 21 78 173 268 748 10 53 137 173 431 4.0 14.7 32.6 48.7 100.0 2.7 14.2 36.7 46.4 100.0 24,227 124,902 430,884 1, 718, 140 3,155,513 11,661 278,905 1,571,685 1,293,262 1,601,691 40,980 164, 623 403,361 892, 827 1,604,082 12, 539 194,605 461,205 1,302,682 3,130,895 1.1 5.4 18.7 74.8 922, 125 16,50T 107,460 325,695 473,669 976,589 112 80 566 872 112 93 226 967 15.0 10.7 74.3 100.0 26.0 21.6 52.4 100.0 174,207 183, 126 1, 146, 749 2,780,009 146, 666 181,369 648,564 2,404,602 99 241 'z^i 95 192 11.4 27.6 9.8 19.9 223,927 651,645 160,828 451, 247 680,006 1, 122, 521 49.8 41.0 100.0 0.6 23.4 66.1 100.0 0.3 5.6 57.3 36.9 100.0 4,843 27,779 64,411 310,051 518, 196 3,348 37,011 83,783 233, 937 620,265 1.2 6.8 15.8 76.2 100.0 0.9 10.3 23.4 65.3 100.0 2,720 68,245 260, 664 196,667 683,434 3,774 24,567 385,092 206,832 515,370 0.5 11.2 60.3 37.9 100.0 0.6 4.0 62.1 33.3 100.0 2.7 11.0 26.9 59.6 100.0 1.7 11.7 36.3 51.4 100.0 29,437 121,881 216, 659 316,457 942, 234 11,928 57,134 227, 983 218,325 541,682 4.3 17.8 31.7 46.2 100.0 2.3 11.1 44.2 42.4 100.0 a. 6 12.2 76.2 100.0 16.0 18.6 66.4 100.0 127, 392 106,086 708, 756 1,899,791 111,433 121, 156 ' 309,094 1,681,341 13.6 11.2 76.2 100.0 8.1 19.8 18.1 54.0 6.3 18.8 46.7 181,394 435, 193 328, 828 964,376 120,244 344,980 484,016 732, 101 9.5 22.9 17.3 50.2 20.6 22.4 57.1 100.0 7.2 20.6 28.8 43.6 82101°— 18 95 ' Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000.' 1506 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. The industries given in the above table show a general increase from 1909 to 1914 in the number of small establishments — those with products valued at less than $5,000 — and also an advance in the number of persons employed and in the value of the output of such plants. While establishments of this size con- stituted a large proportion of the total reported for each industry, except in the flour-miU and gristmill and dairy industries, the value of their products in only one case amounted to more than 10 per cent of the total. The bulk of manufactures was reported by estab- lishments having products valued at $100,000 to $1,000,000, but the number of enterprises engaged in business of this magnitude ranged only from 3.6 per cent to 13.5 per cent. Table 16 presents, for 1914, for aU industries com- bined in each of the three cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 14 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same general condition prevails that exists throughout the state, namely, a prepon- derance as to number of wage earners, value of prod- ucts, and value added by manuf actiire, for establish- ments having products valued at $100,000 and over. Each of the three cities shows a large proportion of small establishments, but their combined value of products was relatively small. Of the total niunber of establishments reporting products valued at less than $20,000, those in Ogden represented 61.8 per cent; those in Provo, 81.8 per cent; and those in Salt Lake City, 68.6 per cent; whereas the value of their products formed only 7.8 per cent, 20.7 per cent, and 9.1 per cent of the respective totals. Table 16 |l ■WAGE EA-RNEKS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OV PRODUCT. Aver- age num- her. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent. of total. Ogden 110 1,894 100.0 $6,014,358 100.0 $2,446,707 100.0 Less than $5,000 . . 28 40 29 13 33 32 156 362 1,344 330 1.7 8.2 19.1 71.0 100.0 67,870 404,406 1,217,331 4,324,751 843,722 1.1 6.7 20.2 71.9 100.0 45,331 243,185 650,822 1,607,369 332,349 1.8 $5,000 to t20,000 9.9 $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over i Provo 22.5 65.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 14 13 3 3 366 11 51 27 241 4,931 3.3 15.5 8.2 73.0 100.0 27,763 146,765 131,377 637,817 16,662,940 3.3 17.4 15.6 63.7 100.0 17,064 71,385 35,235 208,665 8,129,565 5.1 $5,000 to $20,000 21.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Salt Lake City.... 10.6 62. g lOO.O Less than $5,000 138 113 71 44 96 458 995 3,382 1.9 9.3 20.2 68.6 302, 871 1,215,647 3,244,110 11,900,312 1.8 7.3 19.5 71.4 206,283 786,929 1,531,390 6,605,963 2.5 $6,000 to $20,000 ■.. 9 7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over' 18.8 69.0 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 17 shows the size of establishments in 1914, as measured by the average number of wage earners employed, for aU industries combined, and for 13 of the more important industries, and for each of the three cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 17 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTEY AND CITY. No wage eam- eiB. lto5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 61 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. ii Wage earners (average number). ■ii Wage earn- ers. ii Wage earn- ers. 11 Wage earn- ers. If CS o ■sa Wage earn- ers. 1 Wage earn- ers. ■iS •sa Wage earn- ers. 11 Wage earn- ers. All industries 1,109 13,894 221 621 1,278 159 1,706 55 1,656 29 2,111 17 2,660 2 829 5 3,764 86 27 37 37 8 31 70 48 5 130 23 166 3 438 509 306 ^8 264 677 2,193 617 198 630 204 748 349 872 1,882 4,616 7,155 31 ...„ 1 3 8 4 41 15 25 7 1 16 55 29 82 35 54 16 2 33 135 66 11 7 4 17 116 89 38 245 3 3 2 9 108 103 46 239 Brick and tile 1 2 3 2 2 95 126 177 169 131 1 116 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk ' Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- 2 2 235 344 1 364 2 1,423 Confectionery 7 7 8 1 11 87 63 90 9 112 1 2i2 Tlour-mill and Eristmill products... . ■• ... > Foundry and machine-shop products 4 2 3 2 5 143 69 86 56 149 2 2 114 126 1 117 Liquors, malt * '* I^UTTiber httI timber products 16 6 43 98 13 89 167 36 193 2 2 1 384 258 169 ' Marble and stone work Printing and publishing 26 231 2 140 Smeltine. lead ,.". 1 465 2 1,417 914 105 86 232 241 460 604 60 122 626 1,301 21 31 636 948 13 17 1,033 1,195 6 9 947 1,320 1 364 1,423. Ogden 110 33 366 1,894 330 4,931 5 5 76 62 20 159 148 48 408 30 5 87 356 42 903 7 1 23 190 26 732 4 1 12 289 65 841 1 1 7 121 149 1,050 1 790 Pkoto 1 364 1 ess Table 18 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 17, and for 1909, similar per- centages for all industries combined and for indi- vidual industries in the state as a whole. Of the total number of establishments for all indus- tries combined, 221, or 19.9 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. In these establishments all the work was done by the proprietors or firm members. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— UTAH. 1507 aided in some cases by members of their families or by persons classed as salaried employees. Some of them employed one or two wage earners for short periods, but the numbers were so small and the periods so short that the average (computed as described in the "Ex- planation of terms") amounted to less than one, and therefore no wage earners could be shown. The very small establishments greatly predominate in number, those employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, represent- ing 56 per cent of the total number of establishments but reporting only 9.2 per cent of the total number of wage earners. On the other hand, the establishments having more than 250 wage earners, although repre- senting only six-tenths of 1 per cent of the total num- ber of establishments, gave employment to 33 per cent of the average number of wage earners. The groups of establishments having more than 50 wage earners represented only 4.8 per cent of the total num- ber of estabUshments in the state, but reported 66.6 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. As an indication of the nature of the industries embrac- ing the smaller estsibhshments, it will be noticed that in the brick and tile, dairy-products, confectionery, fiour-miU and gristmill, foundry and maohine-shop, lumber and timber, marble and stone work, and print- ing and pubhshing industries the majority of the estabhshments employed from 1 to 5 wage earners. In three of these industries, however — confectionery, lumber and timber, and marble and stone work — as well as in the steam-raiboad repair shops and in the malt-Mquor and lead-smeltiag industries, the majority of the wage earners were in estabUshments reporting more than 100 wage earners. In Ogden, 48.1 per cent of the wage earners were in estabhshments employing more than 100 wage earners; in Provo, 45.2 per cent, and in Salt Lake City, 41.5 per cent. Table 18 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVEKAGE NUMBEB OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND QTY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 22.1 •251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 9.2 8.5 12.3 12.5 11.9 16.5 15.2 7.5 18.4 19.6 6.0 5.6 27.0 20.4 ■■9.'4 Foundry and machine-shop products. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 12. 5 12.6 "2.'2 22.3 33.9 10.0 33.9 22.1 17.0 17.0 17.7 4.4 15.0 47.6 '47.9 26.5 22.4 27.0 54.7 33.8 64.6 11.4 18.6 16.0 18.2 17.1 22.5 21.5 15.0 61.8 33.1 Bread and other bakery prod- 26.8 18.4 8.0 9.3 20.5 27.1 2.4 4.5 0.1 0.3 5.3 2.7 68.2 67.9 37.9 27.0 20.3 6.6 14.4 7.5 36.2 36.4 35.3 33.0 23.5 15.4 17.4 39.7 35.3 59.1 Lumber and timber products... 21.6 21.7 31.8 47.7 25.7 26.1 ' 51.3 26.5 36.9 73.9 Printing and publishing 16.1 7.0 18.2 31.0 Canning and preserving 24.7 75.3 All other industries Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Conlectionery 7.7 4.5 21.2 28.3 10.7 6.4 55.8 46.1 16.6 16.6 64.9 71.1 10.0 4.7 8.4 13.6 9.2 18.2 13.8 12.4 13.2 22.4 3.8 16.7 20.5 24.2 18.4 "6.'4 5.1 19.8 20.3 19.9 1.0 14.1 6.5 31.8 32.1 3.6 16.4 Total for cities 19.0 7.8 14.5 8.3 18.8 12.7 18.3 10.0 7.9 14.8 15.3 19.7 17.1 6.4 45.2 21.3 41.7 Flour-mill and gristmill prod- ucts. Peovo Salt Lake City 7.4 12.8 Engines and power. — Table 19 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating primary power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows sepa- rately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Table 19 NUMBER OF ENGINES OB MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWER. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 X914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,335 1,351 365 59,536 42,947 19,397 100.0 100.0 100.0 514 366 60 98 1,821 1,821 462 362 27 83 889 889 365 259 11 95 Ji. 37,984 34,020 470 3,494 21,552 21,552 32,307 29,084 226 2,997 10,640 10,592 48 16,456 13,145 59 3,252 2,941 2,941 63.8 57.1 0.8 5.9 36.2 36.2 75.2 67.7 0.5 7.0 24.8 24.7 0.1 84.8 67.8 0.3 16.8 15.2 16.2 other 2,338 1,821 517 1,192 889 303 "'^'^' 34,018 21,552 12,466 15, 402 10,692 4,810 4,272 2,941 1,331 100.0 63.4 36.6 100.0 68.8 31.2 100.0 Rented 68.8 1 Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the head of "other" owned power. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ' Not reported. 1508 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 16,589 horsepower, or 38.6 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due largely to the increase in rented electric power. The use ef this form of power has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented 15.2 per cent of the total primary power, as against 24.7 per cent in 1909 and 36.2 per cent in 1914. Electric motors run by current generated within the same establislunents show a still greater proportional increase, but this class of power represented only a httle more than one-third of the total electric power in 1914. The amount of steam power used, which constituted more than two-thirds of the total primary power in 1904 and 1909 and considerably more than one-half in 1914, more than doubled between 1904 and 1909, and increased by about one-sixth during the following five-year period. The power developed by internal-combustion engines, although it formed less than 1 per cent of the total primary power in 1914, increased rapidly during the decade. The power derived from water wheels, turbines, and motors has shown a decreasing proportion of the total from census to census, although the amount of this power in use increased by about one-sixth be- tween 1909 and 1914. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the manufacturing processes. Table 20 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used for which data were obtained, for all in- dustries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 30 INDCSTET AND CITY. (All industries. Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raikoad companies — Cement Coke.. Confectionery Foundry and machine-shop products.. Gas, illuminating and heatmg Ice, manufactured Liquors, malt Smelting, lead , All other industries Total for cities. Oqden Peovo Salt Lake City.. An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 1,585 184 856 21 34 "'496 1,538 236 1 1,301 Bitumi- nous (tons, •2,000 lbs.). 1, 150, 745 3,053 25,401 36,782 92, 185 673,752 2,906 4,498 35, 792 13,641 11,038 102,063 149, 574 138,123 25, 119 4,224 108, 780 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding f;aso- ine (bar- rels). 204,867 391,357 1,197 322 1,427 220 147, 186 53,700 6,842 710 140 5,992 4 28,504 90 6,664 45, 176 310,897 9,809 6,248 4 3,557 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 20,376 821 10, 152 301 8,433 20,376 4,912 763 14,701 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for which no provision is made on the general schedule. Cer- tain data of this character for four important indus- tries in Utah are here presented. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^The quantities and values of the several products of the butter, cheese, and condensed-milk industry are shown, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, in Table 21. Tabic 21 1914 1909 19041 Total value 32,298,153 $1,971,031 $963,811 Butter: Packed solid — Pounds 1,415,751 $412,040 2,123,606 $639,103 487,931 $53,083 1,094,448 $153,262 $5,597 $1,035,078 650,707 $193,311 3,072,077 $944,077 1,114,836 $128,528 ! 1,060,122 . $157,058 $2,006 $546,051 281,276 Value $33,100 3,421,911 $748,589 55,046 $4, 470 Prints or rolls- Pounds Value Cream sold: Pounds . ■ Value Cheese, full cream: 1,689,730 $161,721 Value All other butter and cheese, factory products, value ^ $8,639 $7, 292 All other products, value ■ Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual opera- tions. 2 Includes small quantity of part-cream cheese. 8 Includes skimmed milk sold, whey, and casein. The output of butter in the state decreased in quan- tity by 4.4 per cent but increased in value by 34.5 per cent during the decade 1904-1914. The decrease was confined to butter in prints or roUs, that packed soMd showing a substantial increase. The manufac- ture of cheese also declined during the djecade, the decrease in quantity amounting to 35.2 per cent and that in value to 5.2 per cent. The manufacture of condensed milk forms an im- portant part of the dairy-products industry in Utah, but statistics relating to it can not be shown sepa- rately without disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments. Canning and preserving. — Canning and preserving as a^actory industry has made rapid progress in Utah. Table 22 shows the quantity and value of products, by classes, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there were increases in both quantities and values of all the products shown in the table, with the single exception of canned pumpkin, which is of relatively smaU im- portance. Canned vegetables were the chief products at each of the three censuses, representing 79.8 per cent of the total value of all products for the industry in 1914, as compared with 73.3 per cent in 1909 and 82.2 per cent in 1904. From 1909 to 1914 the total value of canned vegetables increased by 149.8 per cent; Canned tomatoes alone contributed 51.5 per cent of the aggregate value of products of the entire canning and preserving industry in 1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— UTAH. 1509 Table 23 1914 1909 19041 Total value 2 $2, 429, 804 $1,059,487 $801,958 Canned vegetables, valuo. . $1,938,927 $776,136 $659,509 Beans- Cases, No. 2 cans... 64,592 $134,791 334,144 $510,892 3,625 $5,500 696,257 $1,250,280 14,995 $37,464 $219,209 15,657 $33,084 61,156 $100,712 2,860 $5,900 332,372 $603,898 8,102 $32,542 $32,365 5,303 $8,220 41,634 $80,166 1,160 $2,276 312,430 $566,578 635 $2,280 $91,686 Value Peas- Cases, No. 2 cans... Value Pumpkin- Cases, No. 3 cans.. Value Tomatoes- Cases, No. 3 cans... Value All other— Cases Value Canned fruits, value Apples- Cases, No. 3 cans 12,591 $21,562 2,206 $4,787 20,965 $43,399 4,777 $14,347 66,365 $135,114 $271,668 4,191 $9,956 1,609 $3,463 • 2,439 $5,806 1,566 $7, 108 2,980 $6,032 $250,986 2,346 $4,687 1,012 $2,684 17,845 $43,868 8,300 $21,079 9,826 $19,368 $60,763 Value Berries- Cases, No. 2 cans. . . Value Peaches- Cases, No. 3 cans Value Pears- Cases, No. 3 cans Value All other- Cases Value All other products, value • In addition, vegetables, canned and preserved, valued at $12,650, were reported as Iw-produots by establishments in other industries. s Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 23 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristinill products for the last three census years. Table 23 1914 1909 1901 Total value $3,155,613 $3,130,895 $2,425,791 Wheat flour: 505,224 $2,242,417 223 $1,088 154 $886 21,450 $474, 493 16,573 $410,125 686,910 $20,835 $6,669 459,248 $2,865,109 365 $2,038 259 $1,239 (') (') 27, 284 4588,511 453,804 $1,963,322 546 Value Rye flour: Barrels . . Value $2,232 1,667 $5,316 Com meal and com floiu-: Barrels. . . Bran and middlings: Tons... . Value (') Feed and oflal: Tons 25,647 Value $438,771 Breakfast foods: Value . All other cereal products, value $88,680 $95,418 $300 All other products, value $15, 850 ' Included in "feed and oflal." Wheat flour is the principal product, representing 71.1 per cent of the total value of products in 1914, as compared with 75.2 per cent in 1909 and 80.9 per cent in 1904. The decrease in the value of wheat flour from 1909 to 1914, notwithstanding an increase in quantity, was due to the low price of this product which prevailed during a portion of the year 1914. The remaining items shown in the table are unim- portant in Utah, with the exception of bran and middhngs and feed and offal, which in 1914 were valued at $474,493 and $410,125, respectively. Three estabhshments in the industry reported the manu- facture of sacks. The equipment reported for 1914 consisted of 333 stands of rolls, 21 runs of stone, and 34 attrition mills. Printing and publishing. — Table 24 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of pubhcations and their aggregate circulation, by period of issue. Table 24 PERIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes NUMBER OF PUBLI- CATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 10 3 27 57 7 4 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 376, 962 82, 171 92, 580 26,642 ,91,339 79, 950 4,280 1909 261, 937 57, 498 45, 428 35, 863 71, 542 51, 606 1904 228, 126 42,282 34,200 40,252 65, 742 30,000 15, 650 I Includes 3 triweeklies. 2 Includes 1 triweekly. 3 Includes 2 semimonthlies. The total number of newspapers and periodicals in the state and the aggregate circulation per issue has increased from census to census. The increase in circulation was most pronounced for the daily, SundayJ and monthly pubhcations, and for the last- named class there was also a considerable increase in number. The number of Sunday papers remained the same, but their circulation more than doubled between 1909 and 1914. The semiweeklies are the only class for which decreases in number and circu- lation are shown for the period 1909-1914. There were 10 pubhcations in foreign languages, 9 of which were weeklies, with a circulation of 10,400. Three were printed in the Swedish language, 2 in Greek, and 1 each in German, Itahan, Danish, and Dutch. The 1 triweekly was in Japanese. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for aU manufacturing industries. Table 25, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Utah for 1914 and 1909. Table 25 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital S alaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Amount received for work done PO-WER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 1914 36 1,197 31 96 1,070 1,926 $1,213,651 689,040 108,567 580, 473 1,600 31,737 321,923 1,367,433 1909 22 811 16 57 738 969 $500,276 415,309 72,717 342,592 360 7,536 143,041 794,091 Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 63.6 47.6 93.8 68.4 45.0 98.8 142.6 65.9 49.3 69.4 344.4 321.2 125.1 72.2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1510 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. In 1914 Utah ranked twenty-seventh among the states in amount received for work done and thirty- second in number of persons engaged in the industry. Increases are shown for the five-year period in aU items given in the table, that in receipts for work done amounting to $1,367,433, or 72.2 per cent. Of the 36 estabhshments operating in 1914, 20 were under individual ownership but reported only 9.2 per cent of the total amount received for work done, while the 12 under corporate ownership reported 88.9 per cent of the total receipts. The 4 imder other forms of ownership were credited with 1.9 per cent of amount received for work done. Sixteen estabhshments reported receipts of less than $5,000; 8, receipts of $5,000 or more but less than $20,000; and 12, receipts of $20,000 and over. In 1909, of the 22 estabhshments reported, 10 were imder individual ownership, 9 under corporate, and 3 under other forms. Table 26 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest niunber employed in any month of the same year. Table 27 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 26 WAGE EABNEK3. MONTH, Number. Per cent of maxi- mum. 1911 1909 ' 1911 1909 January . . 1,111 1,079 1,074 1,057 1,051 1,056 1,086 1,097 1,083 1,050 1,036 1,060 699 690 690 693 700 740 814 838 769 742 742 744 100.0 97.1 96.7 95.1 94.6 95.0 97.7 98.7 97.5 94.5 93.2 96.4 83.4 February 82.3 March. . 82.3 82.7 May 83.5 June . . - 88.3 July 97.1 August. 100.0 September . . 90.6 88.5 November. . . 88.6 88.8 Table 37 NUMBEB OP ENGINES OE MOTOES. HORSEPOWER. Amount. Per cent 1911 1909 1911 1909 of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 58 30 1,926 969 93.8 Owned 35 31 3 1 23 20 20 10 1,832 1,762 64 6 94 927 927 97.6 Steam 90.1 Internal-combustion. 42 123.8 Electric 276 23 253 115 10 105 1,261 94 345 42 303 265.5 123.8 Generated by establishments reporting 1,167 285.1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— UTAH. GENERAL TABLES. 1511 Table 28 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for selected industries in the state and in Salt Lake City, the num- ber of estabHshments, average number of wage earn- ers, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products; and for Ogden, similar data for all industries combined. Table 29 presents, for 1914, for the state as a whole and for Salt Lake City, statistics in detail for each industry for which figures can be shown without dis- closing the operations of individual estabHshments; and for Ogden and Provo, similar data for all industries combined. Table 28.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDnSTBY AND CITl. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. mDUSTBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. AH industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,109 749 606 13, 894 11,785 8,052 59,536 42, 947 19,397 810,852 8,400 5,157 862, 233 41, 266 24,940 887,112 61,989 38,926 Hosiery and knit goods. . . 1914 1909 1904 ■'1914 1909 1904 11 11 '9 53 19 3 15 183 174 171 134 115 80 47 80 25 31 24 3 866 53 48 91 75 46 8283 292 167 319 269 107 $528 419 326 Bread and other bakery 86 53 28 306 282 191 249 115 77 198 165 90 799 747 281 1,370 1,214 542 509 products. 426 222 Brick and tile 1914 1909 1904 27 37 45 438 610 325 2,646 1,823 912 280 388 193 123 193 97 625 878 423 1914 1909 1904 5 6 6 204 178 134 887 860 323 193 157 93 349 290 176 1,346 1,357 637 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 1904 37 . 37 '49 264 214 98 1,312 635 813 144 116 55 1,891 1,613 789 2,298 1,971 964 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. «1914 1909 1904 130 104 53 748 431 182 3,837 2,922 1,380 582 306 105 662 435 139 1,604 977 334 Canning and preserving.. '1914 1909 1904 37 24 3 18 677 396 369 1,930 847 500 297 123 99 1,669 716 506 2,430 1,059 802 Marble and stone work . . . 1914 1909 1904 23 25 9 349 121 57 1,148 399 225 364 106 39 123 91 36 869 270 102 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. 1914 1909 1904 8 g 7 2,193 1,731 1,248 3,099 1,735 354 1,943 1,402 964 1,506 1,225 827 3,575 2,740 1,887 Printing and publishing. 71914 1909 1904 166 122 104 872 967 545 1,246 1,357 262 741 685 369 ' 880 723 326 2,780 2,405 1,523 1914 1909 1904 31 17 12 617 586 335 902 532 222 251 204 103 1,263 1,291 688 2,125 1,952 1,005 Salt 1914 1909 1904 7 9 5 92 56 68 367 474 188 49 38 44 ■ 80 53 51 184 237 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 70 60 63 198 184 150 3,519 3,312 3,047 144 131 91 2,637 2,511 2,043 3,156 3,131 2,426 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 14 12 3 138 99 31 349 672 26 115 77 21 2,672 1,327 514 3, OH 1,690 653 Foundry and machine- shop products. <1914 1909 1904 48 27 3 21 530 373 277 1,296 541 99 434 306 198 818 407 248 1,502 922 687 All other industries 1914 1909 1904 352 176 156 5,743 6,101 3,760 35,951 26, 428 10,942 4,829 3,960 2,577 46,978 28,926 17,914 68,589 40,028 26,096 Oas, illuminating and beating. 1914 1909 1904 4 3 3 208 167 41 720 291 141 108 22 279 168 32 617 366 160 CITIES or 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. SALT LAKE CITY— All industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 366 245 192 4,931 4,287 2,776 12,755 6,693 83,801 3,010 1,704 $8,533 6,615 3,515 816,663- 13,351 7,544 Foundry and maehtne- shop products. Lumber and timber products. Printing and publishing. . All other industries <1914 1909 1904 n914 1909 1904 U914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 24 19 313 11 8 5 81 49 43 185 125 100 393 301 244 246 136 69 646 746 362 2,936 2,390 1,683 1,046 404 8326 257 177 145 117 38 590 561 273 2,387 1,733 1,034 8633 316 223 305 169 50 752 615 257 5,367 3,886 2,190 81,128 751 524 880 375 Bread and other bakery products. 25 24 15 18 9 9 22 11 7 189 220 143 437 390 234 84 104 51 164 80 123 122 67 162 135 76 68 85 39 522 569 218 859 955 534 95 105 43 848 918 422 1,397 1,409 760 257 268 113 558 376 132 583 360 1,033 1,207 2,270 1,983 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron work. 40 10 9,009 4,257 10,205 7,666 4 357 CITIES OP 10,000 to 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Ogden, 1914 1909 110 68 1,894 1,323 3,184 2,506 $1,262 873 83,668 2,066 86, 014 3,713 Ogden (continued). 1904 63 1,013 $711 $1, 398 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes canning and preservmg, fruits and vegetables; and pickles, preserves, and sauces. 3 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Includes automobile repairing and structural uronwork. » Includes saddlery and harness and trunks and valises. ' Includes boxes, wooden packing; lumber, planing-mill products; and window and door screens. ' Includes bookbindmg and blank-book making; engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing; lithographing; printing and publishing, book and job, and printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. « Includes automobile repairmg, hardware, and structural ironwork. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1512 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. Table 29.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSON3 ENGAGED IN THE INDnGTKT. WAGE EAHNESS DEC. 15, OB NEAR- EST KEPRESENTATiVE DAY. Capital. / Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- 'age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. All industries 1,109 17,126 Artificial stone products Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick and tile Brooms, fi'om broom com Butter Canning and preserving, fruits and Carriages, vf agons, and repairs Carriages and vpagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electno^raiJroad com- panies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad panics. Cement Cofltas, burial cases, and under- takers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Icecream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Engraving and diesrnking Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine-shop products. Foundries Machine shops Fur goods , Furniture, woody including store and office fixtures. Gas, illuminating and heating Grease and tallow Hair work Hosiery and knit-goods. Ice, manufactured Jewelry Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products , Lumber, planing-miH products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Optical goods , . . Patent medicines and compounds. . . Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book publishing without print- ing. Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job' printing. Publishing without printing Roofing materials, other than metal . Saddlery and harness Salt Signs and advertising novelties. , Slaughtering and meat packing. Smelting, lead , 23 5 25 8 11 6 48 40 3 5 108 9 71 126 43 39 6 472 504 12 162 716 79 9 174 2,322 306 21 773 193 202 4 45 281 76 567 56 Sll 9 61 280 4 12 250 60 34 260 531 422 86 108 32 36 65 371 / 344 13 14 1,047 512 474 61 20 200 116 20 197 2,074 32 5 7 4 107 25 7 11 2 11 5 6 6 7 7 5 11 7 148 27 10 739 1,298 196 46 48 11 27 75 ■45 340 285 38 17 5 13 6 1 29 144 88 31 30 2 306 438 5 118 634 71 166 2,193 267 15 762 617 145 123 1 198 44 47 422 4 52 208 1 183 38 24 49 Se 15,794 Fe 12,382 68 22 19 43 261 253 Se Se' Jy3 Jas My Je Je Se 146 33 32 3 318 <5 129 2,227 My 71 <3 Mb 203 Ja 2,2 My 17 Oo Jy Au De Oe Jy 773 180 150 U 46 217 60 Je 58 Ja 470 De 8 Sea 75 Jy • 1 46 Oc 233 Jy s 52 4 24 Se 67 204 Jy 244 364 Au 625 356 Oo 560 636 186 339 122 16 138 Ja De Fe3 De8 Mh Fe 1 296 275 46 Fe 109 Fe 62 Ja No 63 43 141 My 2,095 Mh 222 Au3 13 My Fe Fe Au' Fe 642 118 178 31 Ja 36 De 348 Jy3 2 No 36 130 41 46 110 25 4 24 26 Fe Fe Jas Fe No 166 My 277 Ja 238 No No Ail 8 Se' Se 391 75 97 Je> 268 De Oc No Je» Oc' Je3 Oc De Ja 191 364 13 12 129 137 17 168 2,123 Ja Fe 226 62 De3 46 4 22 Fe3 13 De3 33 Oc 246 181 327 Au Au Se 9 My 3 7 De 111 De 66 Mh3 14 Je 3 131 No 1,482 (') 109 28 30 2 313 601 6 126 2,313 72 2,075 270 16 947 783 164 129 1 42 210 47 467 49 408 9 43 136 1 192 35 24 68 189 678 560 367 75 87 22 30 40 264 265 (') 109 28 19 2 266 582 6 106 3 147 2,073 309 214 95 126 1 26 208 36 453 49 404 2 42 136 1 20 1,225 9 650 188 348 14 12 113 72 17 168 1,723 22 35 22 68 189 664 567 366 60 64 18 15 18 219 211 m 607 543 64 m 6 166 449 177 - 9 12 113 62 13 169 1,721 19 102 76 m 177 S71, 843, 168 153, 668 74,660 84,390 12,050 1,049,717 1,993,964 4,250 614, 061 2,081,767 128,533 124, 433 4,100 273,300 2,557,684 3,741,447 85,419 1,481,037 1,349,339 131,698 160,058 1,260 34,669 2,090,288 118, 3&5 1,535,741 87,967 1,447,774 14,950 5,676,953 1,100 13,010 375,841 919,443 34,729 80,703 2,159,912 479, 707 536,346 635,397 200,484 191,972 61,230 110,981 231,370 541,637 492, 775 24,948 23,914 1,564,599 OT9,868 491,933 92,808 115,319 497,826 1,375,849 37,630 841,331 15,994,590 1 Owned power only. 2 No figures given for reasons stated imder "Explanation of terms." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— UTAH. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1513 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. • Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.' F.lec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $1,360,067 6,292 2,350 3,000 $1,483,558 1,690 1,306 900 27,376 35,645 10,833 64,745 8,700 8,700 5,850 73,219 32,850 4,260 75,030 54,825 20,205 11,508 1,198 33,920 4,355 65,127 5,260 59,867 4,620 22,679 21,402 17,830 2,220 1,125 71,624 11,550 30,449 19,926 14,160 7,560 1,840 6,920 46,606 44,422 2,184 98,755 40,435 40,974 17,346 3,579 12,360 19,400 1,800 27,481 122,128 $10,852,332 60,751 20,299 14,789 28,056 3,240 74,283 29,628 1,000 139,606 134,336 5,270 4,160 1,000 18,927 6,108 1,307 1,420 38,400 36,253 1,030 1,044 2,291 49,007 15,700 10,639 4,340 6,792 8,020 2,237 4,300 15,120 36,313 26,7'1 9,542 252,284 198,660 42,»27 10,697 3,609 10,980 7,380 . 480 36,524 241,311 66, 22, 18, 1, 197, 1 6o: 279; 51 1; 116, 271 1,943,355 276,769 10,217 327,990 251,132 76,858 94,248 560 25,830 143,942 22,562 350, 2, 48, 140, 192,980 329,230 238,801 354,252 45,443 33,663 11,858 7,091 17,648 199,825 188,405 11,420 486,476 221,346 261,238 3,892 7,528 83,574 49,262 13,354 114,717 1,795,312 $277,662 $296,939 318 4,705 2,250 2,800 80 8,000 80 31,168 60 180 3,432 1,899 6,096 4,596 1,500 10 3,600 260 720 54,086 33,255 20,831 11,414 890 4,966 1,300 6,172 16,712 1,920 14,792 2,700 4,260 420 500 500 18,306 100 2,050 2,050 12,328 2,372 1,780 980 2,245 3,714 4,335 687 1,085 2,566 100 400 ""i3,'664' 16,808 57,786 40 55 2,978 8,657 2,670 160 22,666 20,872 720 1,074 47,895 17,309 28,675 1,911 1,125 6,047 1,026 1,080 2,159 16,569 8,733 7,836 96,394 6,660 13,231 76,503 95 2,527 6,000 4,212 $689, 525 40 527 477 867 823 44 1,606 32,547 17,424 631 9,728 8,130 1,598 1,417 4 433 16,233 678 11,508 . 378 11,130 ■ 136 293 18,229 20 165 2,789 7,658 415 934 172,357 4,171 6,553 2,775 1,560 1,738 229 460 1,621 4,533 4,026 354 153 11,538 7,717 3,615 6,458 2,687 176 4,832 121,342 $57,488,374 $4,744,806 68,835 4,508 108,759 4,485 765, 121 49,258 2,856 920,633 1,487,588 27, 627 23,877 3,750 36,821 1,407,382 133,910 26,962 1,521,570 1,243,410 278,160 161,299 248 16,269 2,605,507 106,726 763,428 38,803 714,625 3,900 41,984 139,526 2,635 3,438 279,429 8,331 16,365 8,073 304,315 77,687 439,338 104,808 142,500 120,173 25,661 65,221 168,276 292,551 290,890 591 1,070 488,090 357, 862 126, 151 5,087 53,638 306,564 62,004 12,444 2,656,782 16, 638, 042 1,719 1,365 1,140 223 34,038 73,359 112 8,895 20,816 2,689 2,194 395 4,297 98, 122 337,295 762 27,408 19, 779 7,629 1,877 25 740 31,810 2,943 36,217 6,265 29,962 25 1,090 139,840 320 204 3,245 35,086 398 10,584 44,783 468 13,880 19,924 3,361 1,923 1,088 230 2,631 8,031 7,275 756 22,654 13,378 1,958 2,408 17,814 451 16,184 1, 428, 188 $87,112,360 186,931 47,722 148,586 10,020 1,370,226 626, 186 6,590 1,074,843 2,201,714 120, 756 ■ 107,806 12,950 175,096 3,674,891 1,233,321 61, 701 2,615,172 2,125,088 490,084 384,833 7,300 73,688 3,155,513 172,419 1,392,830 106, 141 1,286,689 19,220 121,217 616,848 7,060 12,270 528,325 227,572 58,793 70,558 1,345,771 582,229 858,848 858,951 233,419 220,290 83,929 99,849 228,090 761,891 712,134 24,226 25, 531 1,817,421 683, 119 146,239 79,707 482, 868 287,932 42,193 3,010,678 21, 762, 102 $24,879,180 116,377- 41,849 38,686 5,312 571,066 602,669 3,622 145,316 693,310 90,640 81, 736 8,806 133,977 2,069,387 762, 116 23,977 1,066,194 861,899 204,296 231,657 7,027 56,679 618, 196 62,750 604,185 62,083 542, 102 15,295 78,143 337,482 4,105 8,628 245,651 184, 156 42,040 51,901 996,673 504,074 406,630 734,219 87,568 98,194 57, 180 44,398 67,183 461,309 413,969 23,635 23,705 1,306,677 616, 833 548,975 140,869 24,111 173, 896 208, 114 29,298 338, 712 3,685,872 59, 536 32 14 4 249 2,646 10 347 1,805 61 42 9 554 3,099 7,241 81 1,040 902 138 45 1 23 3,519 102 1,228 76 1,152 100 720 47 1,505 20 10 887 2,031' 1,644 1,148 211 126 202 197 781 204 121 27 367 14 349 12, 150 34,020 40 174 1,430 1,865 900 605 505 165 148 148 533 632 1,786 124 242 40 115 675 670 5 105 62 9,820 113 48 10 110 3,494 40 2,035 165 218 60 21,652 12,466 1 246 2,044 10 150 375 47 42 5 654 1,194 6,341 78 522 397 125 45 1 23 1,'216 1,044 76 1 100 187 47 110 20 10 350 52 1,279 840 171 10 200 5 261 109 152 16 ■27 332 14 287 2 220 58 145 146 240 120 163 6,252 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. number reported throughout the year. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1514 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. Table 29 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDTJSTBT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OB NEAB- EST BEPBESENTA'fiTE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried ofa- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day ot— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDTTSTEIES— Continued. 1 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars 5. 21 5 3 94- 37 109 20 72 3,004 4 21 7 '"'eo' 1 4 1 6 125 1 3 1 30 81 12 62 2,594 Au Ja - Au 38 101 2 12 70 Ap Au No 25 68 2 12 56 31 87 12 58 31 66 11 58 $33,644 91,266 32,779 374,157 20,293,662 ? 17 4 1 3 4 Wall plaster 3 198 i 27 5 All other industries* CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 SALT LAKE CITY— AU in- dustries. Artificial stone products 366 6,362 292 326 705 108 4,931 Oc 5,267 Fe 4.496 5,185 4,237 862 53 33 $19,246,605 •?. 4 25 3 5 25 18 7 22 3 5 7 17 3 5 6 4 3 8 5 3 6 5 5 31 25 3 3 41 6 11 24 4 7 7 11 96 48 266 43 62 675 537 138 122 4 45 69 416 9 61 12 HI 16 247 158 63 48 27 8 303 277 13 13 757 477 229 61 20 66 62 68 2,596 2 34 1 5 20 15 5 32 3 2 11 11 5 4 6 1 2 1 3 ....„ 1 2 30 23 2 5 16 ...... 9 ...... 6 11 73 4 9 3 5 25 15 10 3 1 26 5 ...... 3 41 189 31 52 554 •437 117 84 1 39 38 357 4 52 6 79 13 230 149 61 30 20 6 216 208 Se My ify! 67 199 35 54 Ja Oc Fe Ja 10 183 27 48 69 194 32 53 676 547 129 89 1 42 41 337 9 43 6 76 13 450 152 53 38 19 7 218 210 59 156 16 52 201 127 74 86 1 25 31 333 2 42 ...... 11 448 151 47 33 17 5 187 180 121,969 880,005 428, 140 84,252 889,881 809,912 79,969 87,363 1,250 34,669 84,053 1,192,505 14,950 48,493 13,010 153, 145 16,403 235,361 311,598- 162,260 82,509 51,406 7,900 434,757 391,895 24,948 17,914 1,265,988 971,558 210,282 84,148 115,319 143,100 237,597 43,395 12,105,327 3 4 Bread and other bakery products Butter 37 16 "448' 394 54 1 ,"; Carriages and wagons and repairs Confectionery and ice cream 1 6 6 3 "'ii' 20 1 6 64 59 5 3 12 11 1 7 Confectionery No Jy Se Ja2 De Jy Ja De Se3 Ja2 Je Ja2 De No Ap! 8^0 De 647 142 106 1 46 51 406 8 75 6 89 13 445 172 55 40 23 7 My Fe Mh' Jy2 Aua Fe De No Jy = Ja Jy2 Mh Ja De De« De3 Se 358 99 72 1 35 27 278 2 36 6 55 13 117 114 42 22 19 5 8 9 in Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Engraving and diesinking 11 12 13 14 Engraving, steel and copper plate, In- cluding plate printing. Food preparations not elsewhere specified. Foimdry and rhachine-shop products. 2 2 30 1 7 16 1 1 2 14 9 7 6 65 1 ...... 1 1 2 25 25 2 1 4 1 15 16 Furniture, wood, including store and office fixtures. Hair work 3 1 1 1 17 13 1 10 5 8 4 4 16 2 18 Jewelry 1 2 1 19 Lumber, planing-mUI products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. 6 1 4 9 1 '""2 1 ?1 Mattresses and spring beds OT Mineral and soda waters 4 1 ?3 ?4 Patent medicines and compounds . . . Printing and pubUshing, book and job. Job printing ?'i 24 23 1 27 19 8 6 4 2 6 5 ?6 Je 216 Oc 196 ?7 Book pubUshing without printing Linotype work and typesetting. . Printing and pubUshing, newspapers and periodicals. PnntiTig Hfifl pnhliRhiTlg ?R 8 356 160 187 9 9 54 32 44 2,194 Jaa 8 Jy» 8 8 363 162 189 12 12 54 35 44 2,069 7 295 155 133 7 12 64 35 34 1,893 """46" 3 39 4 1 17 4 12 1 "'s' ?9 41 18 12 11 5 1 7 2 115 313 281 16 16 5 4 16 1 178 31 18 7 6 1 ...... ""'36' to Co Te Au» Oc» Je Au Ja 165 193 11 12 61 35 51 Au Se Mys Oc3 Mh Au 152 178 7 7 49 28 39 31 32 3S Printing, putUshing, "and job printing. PubUshing without printing Boofing materials, other than metal . . 34 35 SlaughteriQg and meat packing 36 8 170 ""2" 2 4 37 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Ogden. Peoto . 110 33 2,230 410 26 138 24 23 5 330 2,331 367 De Fe 1,566 308 2,048 400 1,577 240 419 154 28 $5,381,682 960,032 1 Owned power only. 2 Same number reported throughout the year. " Same number reported for one or more other months. *A11 other industries embrace: Artificial flowers 1 Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Baking powders 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware 1 Bookbiading and blank-book making 4 Boots and shoes 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 4 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Cheese 12 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's '_ \ Cofiee, roasting and grinding " . 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke. ..]!!'.!!]!".!'.!!! 1 Condensed milk, and milk products, other than butter and cheese 2 Dairymen's and apiarists' suppUes 1 Druggists' preparatipns 1 Envelopes 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 2 Fertilizers 2 Flavoring extracts 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting 1 Hand stamps 2 Hardware 1 Lapidary work l Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Lithographing 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed : 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. . 2 Oil, not elsewhere spedfled 1 Paints — 2 perfumery and cpsmetlcs _ .,, r-.v-i- ■ 1 Morosoft^ ' Pottery, earthen and stone ware 1 Printing materials 1 Scales and balances 2 Shirts 1 Smelting, copper 1 Soap 2 Statuary and art goods 1 Stencils and brands 1 Sugar, beet ■ 7 Surgical appUances 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Umbrellas and canes .' 1 Upholstering materials, uncurled hsdr 1 Vmegar 2 Window and door screens -.-.■ 1 Wirework, inciuding woven wire fencing . 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 2 WoolpuUing 1 Woolengooos "■ 2 MANUFACTURES— UTAH. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1515 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. Tor con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of factory. Taxes, Includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALI. INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. $1,820 5,958 750 13, 630 295,998 $1,380 2,400 $21,746 60,705 7,326 50,007 2,035,629 $458 $2,655 2,842 1,335 $227 10,236 72 2,688 172,565 $22,628 65, 177 10, 100 34,953 24,713,959 $1, 111 375 196 8,875 2,273,729 $61,139 189,649 25, 940 180,572 33,617,694 $37,400 124,097 15,644 136, 744 6,630,006 36 • 36 1 2 4 686 13,881 4 ""'848" 2 4,561 3 4,080 264, 192 125 12,743 5' 561 285 4 15,370 21,072 5 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $593,660 6,292 17,041 4,953 7,500 53,105 37,555 15,650 6,108 '"i,'i98 2,675 48,267 4,620 11,214 1,500 20,700 10,026 14, 160 6,429 7,560 42,406 40,222 2,184 75,220 39,535 20,339 16,346 3,579 3,000 9,827 2,838 23b, 342 $681,659 1,450 46,725 6,274 76,176 71,686 4,490 3,010 1,000 5,608 22,684 1,420 21,620 6,990 120 6,267 7,720 2,237 33,938 24,396 9,542 224,319 193,660 22,262 8,397 3,603 4,700 16,240 900 189,752 $3,800,561 33 123; li, 34, 223, 161, 62, 67, 25, M, 299, 2 48, 3?: 11, 135,599 140,984 34,366 14,671 10,466 2,605 170,264 159,144 11,120 365,446 205,674 156,221 3,651 7,528 43,549 30,530 34,423 1,870,435 $150,067 17,691 """ioo' 12,328 5,102 14,622 6,786 7,836 81,566 6,660 2,428 72,478 95 4,212 ■i4,'27i' $214,497 180 13,641 2,436 5,496 41, 130 25,470 15,660 4,966 4,272 13,944 2,700 4,230 2,372 480 1,560 424 1,680 6,241 1,740 18,988 17,338 720 930 37,576 15,714 20,011 1,851 1,125 2,325 159 2,116 35,307 $247, 508 310 5,051 2,202 721 6,079 4,875 1,204 562 4 433 552 8,628 136 155 998 3,379 1,110 1,313 739 192 96 3,359 364 86 8,809 7,136 1,624 49 489 2,466 791 5,203 192,936 $8,005,107 38,120 499,362 460,381 18,977 1,048,820 844,445 204,375 93,723 248 16,269 94,205 582,534 3,900 41,984 3,438 103,430 11,953 276,994 53,779 112,503 64,688 17,836 5,667 266,903 255,314 691 998 403,992 332,923 65,982 5,087 53,638 158,473 1,027,614 31,728 2,533,958 $628, 268 1,378 22,374 1,819 1,296 20,666 14,063 6,603 1,168 26 740 2,384 25,023 25 1,090 204 1,791 304 7,277 1,912 1,048 736 951 842 1, 4, 336, 595 i,310 1,970 ;,115 225 968 862 117 141 141 $16,662,940 112, 610 847, 689 605,429 81,734 1,766,968 1,393,662 370,306 256,545 7,300 73,688 144,743 1,056,701 19.220 121, 217 12,270 201,776 33,542 523,514 366,699 183,476 113, 656 62,076 16, 112 657,698 612,541 24,226 20,931 1,414,023 923,842 368,885 131,296 79,707 232,676 1,139,966 91,384 6,541,721 $8,129,565 73, 112 325,853 63,229 61,461 637,482 538, 154 159,328 161,654 7,027 56,679 48,164 449, 144 15,295 78,143 8,628 96,555 21,285 239,243 302,008 67,925 48,232 43,289 10,354 394,358 361,385 23,635 19,338 993,721 577,949 289,788 125,984 24,111 73,251 108,235 69,515 3,611,622 12,756 4,598 22 8,135 780 61 164 63 25 682 583 99 40 1 23 67 1,002 1 100 40 21 164 53 25 470 373 97 40 1 23 61 892 1 100 68 ""i25" 125 . . 210 210 ~ 2 2 6 110 36 16 748 392 146 19 10 2 158 155 36 16 678 306 146 19 10 2 158' 155 70 87 3 816 748 68 3 146 78 68 ""i'es 163 670 670 121 4 130 106 16 4 80 40 10 7,938 3,260 10 4,668 434 27 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. S139,65S 30,829 $160,061 39,369 $1,262,037 172,527 $3,889 6,607 $37,807 2,455 $83,306 6,346 $3,468,692 494,451 $99,059 16,922 $6,014,358 843,722 $2,446,707 322,349 3,184 802 1,763 351 60 272 1,316 179 860 5 *A11 other industries embrace: Artificial flowers 1 Artificial limbs 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Automobile repairing 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 4 Baking powders 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 3 Bootsand Shoes 1 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brass and bronze products : 2 Brick and tile, sewer pipe 1 Brooms, from broom com 1 Carriage and wagon materials 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electrio-railraad comptmies 2 Cement 1 Cleansing preparations 1 dotbing, men's 1 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee, roasting and grinding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertaker's goods 2 Druggists ' preparations 1 Envelopes 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 2 Fertilizers : 2 Flavoringextracts 2 Flour-milland gristmill products 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Gas and electric fixtures 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornamenting 1 Grease and tallow 2 Hardware 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Lapidary work 1 Lime 1 Liquors, malt 4 |bogrTOh(i,g^. ..,.,. fl->j;^^^-c.>-jf^(S\ ■ 1 odels and patterns, not incluamg paper patterns . 2 Oil, not elsewhere specified 1 Paints 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photo-engraving i Pickles and sauces 3 Printing materials 1 Scales and balances 2 Shirts 1 Signs and advertisingnovelties, other than electric. . 2 Soap 2 Statuary and art goods l Stencils and brands 1 Structuralironwork, not made in steel works or roll- ing mills 4 Surgical appliances 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Trunks and valises 4 Umbrellas and canes 1 Upholstering materials, curled hair 1 Vmegar i Window and door screens 1 Wirework l Digitized by IVIicrosoft® VERMONT. By GiLMAN B. Howe. GENEEAI STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Its gross area is 9,564 square miles, of which 9,124 represent land sur- face. The inhabitants of the state in 1900 numbered 343,641, and in 1910, 355,956, and its estimated popu- lation in 1914 was 361,205. In respect to both area and population Vermont ranked forty-second among the states in 1910. In point of density of population it ranked twenty-fifth in that year, with 39 inhabitants per square mile; the corresponding number in 1900 was 37.7. The urban population in 1910 — that is,, the popula- tion residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — was 168,943, or 47.5 per cent of the total, as against 40.5 per cent in 1900. There were in Ver- mont in 1914 three cities estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants, namely, Barre, Burlington, and Eutland. The aggregate population of these three cities was 47,370 and formed 13.1 per cent of the estimated total population of Vermont in that year. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 1,073, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 97. In addi- tion, Lake Champlain, which forms a part of the western boundary, affords excellent shipping faciH- ties, and, together with its canal connections with the Hudson and St. Lawrence Rivers, forms an im- portant factor in the transportation system of the state. The value of farm crops in 1909 was $27,446,836, of which more than one-half — 116,335,530 — ^represented hay and forage. At the United States census of mines and quarries, in 1909, the total mineral output of Vermont was valued at $8,221,-323, the principal products being mar- ble, $3,277,651, and granite, $2,829,522. According to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey; the total value of all minerals pro- duced in the state in 1914 was $8,665,867, the leading items being marble, $3,490,971, and granite, $3,120,- 452. Vermont ranked fijst among the states in that year in the production of both these minerals, with 43 per cent and 15.6 per cent, respectively, of the total values reported for the entire United States. Importance and growth of manufactures. — :In 1914, measured by the value of products of its manufac- turing industries — $76,991,000 — Vermont ranked for- tieth among the states and, with an average of 32,704 wage earners engaged in such industries, it ranked thirty-fourth in this respect. In 1909 the state ranked thirty-eighth in value of products and thirty-fourth in average nimiber of wage earners. In 1914, as compared with the total value of products of manu- factures for the United States, Vermont's proportion was three-tenths of 1 per cent. The corresponding proportions for 1909 and 1904 were three-tenths of 1 per cent and four-tenths of 1 per cent, respectively. Table 1 gives the more important figures relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Vermont, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, together with the percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 MANUFACTUEtNG INDUSTKIES. 1911 1909 1901 1899 PEK CENT or mCEEASE.l 1909- 1911 1901- 1909 1899- 1901 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members... Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). $79. 22, 3, 18, 1, 42, 76, 34 1,772 37,217 1,787 2,726 32,704 173,937 846,775 001,662 384, 587 617,075 162,281 832,917 705, 720 990,974 285,254 1,958 38,580 2,113 2,679 33,788 159,445 $73,470,107 20,075,131 2,803,429 17,271,702 591,481 609,084 34,822,728 68,309,824 33,487,096 1, 37, 1, 2, 33, 140, $62,658, 17,323 2,102, 15,221, 700, M50; 32,429, 63,083; 30,653, e) 1,695 28,179 126, 124 $43,499,633 13,037,062 1,610,514 11,426,548 (2) h 26, 384, 812 61,515,228 25,130,416 -9.6 -3.5 -15.4 1.8 -3.2 9.1 8.7 9.6 20.7 7.8 96.5 63.6 22.6 12.7 2.4 15.2 4.2 13.8 30.5 2.1 13.4 17.3 15.9 33.3 13.5 -15.6 12.9 7.4 8.3 9.2 21.1 17.5 11.5 44.0 32.9 30.6 33.2 22.9 22.5 22.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. - 2 Figures not available. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. Although the value of products and cost of mate- rials show greater increases from 1909 to 1914 than from 1904 to 1909, all the remaining items, except rent and taxes, show smaller percentages of increase, while several show actual decreases. The number of establishments reported at the census of 1914 repre- (1517) Digitized by Microsoft® 1518 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. sented a decrease of 186, or 9.5 per cent, as compared with tlie corresponding total for 1909, due chiefly to the decreases in the lumber and the marble and stone work industries. The largest percentage of decrease, 15.4 per cent, during this five-year period was in the number of proprietors and firm members. While most of this was due to the falling off in number of establishments in the two industries just referred to, which were chiefly of individual and partnership organ- ization, no doubt it was in some degree affected by the changes in character of ownership as shown in Table 15. The small decrease, 3/2 per cent, in the average number of wage earners is more than ac- counted for by the loss shown in the two industries, lumber and marble and stone work. The value added by manufacture, although greater in amoimt at each of the successive censuses for which figures are given in the table, shows a smaller percentage of increase for each succeeding five-year period — 22 per cent from 1899 to 1904, 9.2 per cent from 1904 to 1909, and 2.4 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturiag industries in 1914, and the increases for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table Z CENSUS OF 1914. PEK CENT OF INCEEASE. 1 INBUSTET. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1901 An iTiHnstriVs 1,772 32,704 100.0 $76,990,974 100.0 $34,285,254 100.0 -3.2 2.1 17.5 12.7 8.3 22.5 2.4 9.2 22.0 276 2 516 173 23 17 125 11 40 7 15 10 85 5 3 111 12 9 7 17 33 6 4 9 15 246 9,018 4,108 471 1,264 2,226 179 141 1,873 963 1,035 988 357 1,345 651 119 311 387 113 361 95 151 59 260 6,229 27.6 12.6 1.4 3.9 6.8 0.5 0.4 5.7 2.9 3.2 3.0 1.1 4.1 2.0 0.4 1.0 1.2 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.8 19.0 12,605,417 8,768,453 8,695,915 4,776,387 4,634,593 4,142,854 3,497,741 3,428,162 2,164,897 1,642,789 1,441,943 1,402,663 1,354,671 1,242,944 1,018,651 696,294 691,201 477,739 413,764 402,330 399,763 337,262 322,037 12,432,504 16.4 11.4 11.3 6.2 6.0 5.4 4.5 4.5 2.8 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 16.2 8,921,913 4,787,759 719,625 1,772,022 1,645,981 483,804 476,938 2,366,340 760,935 . 889,054 705,536 589,941 777,354 946,152 691,828 386,127 338,055 196,836 248,258 174,504 148,462 214,863 214,647 5,828,320 26.0 14.0 2.1 5.2 4.8 1.4 1.4 6.9 2.2 2.6 2.1 1.7 2.3 2.8 2.0 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.6 17.0 -13.4 '-9.'2' 22.7 -3.0 14.7 28.6 -14.7 73.5 -11.2 1.7 '"7.'2' 22.4 3.1 0.2 611.0 -8.7 24.0 29.5 -9.3 60.0 7.7 -9.7 -si.'s' 22.6 1.7 -20.0 276.6 -2.2 15.8 30.6 -7.3 68.0 13.8 Lumber and timber products Butter, cbeese, and condensed milk. Paper and wood pulp -19.5 2.6 -15.7 5.3 8.8 1.9 -4.3 28.9 13.2 15.7 12.1 -15.0 81.1 -24.1 Flour-mill and gristmill products. . . Food preparations -30. S Foundry and machine-shop prod- 0.7 1.8 2.3 3.3 27.2 -12.0 11.1 -12.2 42.5 8.4 -0.7 -15.0 61.3 Ftnrniture " Clothing, men's, including shirts . . . Bread and other bakery products. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad finrnpanipfi -22.9 47.5 35:6 1.0 29.4 19.1 "26.'4' 6.9 13.2 41.1 19.4 5.6 99.2 32.0 "ii'.Y 4.2 3.4 69.6 28.2 12.2 66.7 26.6 1 7 Printing and publishing Patent medicines and compounds. -13.6 16.2 -24.2 -7.4 4.1 45.7 -39.0 17.1 170.3 19.6 37.4 12.5 -10.6 12.4 21.2 -53.5 31.7 -30.3 19.6 264.6 24.5 56.0 -10.6 -13.0 4.2 20.8 -52.5 19.2 -26.8 26 2 Clothing, "WODien's 259 Wood, turned and carved Canning and preserving (fruits and vegetables) 107.0 13.3 -55.5 24.3 168.3 44.7 115.5 55.7 -40.6 -0.8 81.7 178.1 93.3 29.1 95.6 53.6 -39.4 20.3 78.4 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified -59.1 34.8 259.5 183 7 All other industries 1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 31; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100 or where comparable figures can not be given. ' _ _, 2 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. s Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Separate statistics are presented for 23 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 1 with products exceeding $10,- 000,000, 2 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000 in value, 12 between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 8 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "aU other industries," the statistics for which can not be shown separately without the possibihty of dis- closing the operations of individual establishments, are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which figures are shown in the table, as fol- lows: Ammunition; brushes; dairymen's supphes; leather, tanned, curried, and finished/ ments, organs; musical instruments, piano and organ materials; scales and balances; and wool shoddy. Cotton goods, shown separately for 1914, in Table 32, is omitted from this table because statistics for 1909 could not be shown separately without disclosure of individual operations. The manufacture of scales and balances, in which Vermont occupies a leading posi- tion, is the most important of these industries. Marble amd stone work. — ^This is the most important industry in Vermont, not only as to value of products, but also in ntmiber of wage earners employed. In this connection it should be understood that reports for quarries were taken at the census of manufactures only for such of them as were engaged in dressing \l the 1914 census of manufactures MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1519 the marble and stone wor]? industry, which includes not only the operations of quarries where the stone is dressed, but also the dressing of marble and stone outside of quarries, reported 16.4 per cent of the total value of products for all manufactui-es in the state and 27.6 per cent of the average number of wage earners. The value of products reported for this industry at the census of 1914 was subdivided as follows: Marble and stone work of all kinds, chiefly granite and marble, but exclusive of slate, $11,066,400; roofing slate, $1,123,492; and all other slate products, $415,525. Monuments and tombstones and stone for building purposes were the chief products in this industry. The value of marble and stone work, exclu- sive of slate, by kinds of stone, was reported as fol- lows: Granite, $7,122,252; marble, $3,474,728; marble and granite, not separable $454,093; and soapstone, $15,327. During the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a slight increase in the total value of products from $12,395,000 to $12,605,000, or 1.7 per cent. The number of estabhshments, however, decreased from 342 to 276, or 19.3 per cent; the average number of wage earners from 10,411 to 9,018, or 13.4 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $9,878,000 to $8,922,000, or 9.7 per cent. Lumber and timber products. — This industry, which in Table 2 embraces not only logging operations, sawmills, and planing mills, but also wooden box factories and the pulp-wood industry, was second in importance in 1914, although, as compared with 1909, showing an actual falling off in all items except wages and value of products. As the forests are de- pleted in the older states, a decrease naturally fol- lows, and this is evident in the case of Vermont, when the statistics for the ten-year period 1904-1914 are considered. In 1904 the value of products was $9,477,000 and the average number of wage earners was 5,614; but in 1914, notwithstanding the advance in the value of lumber, the value of products was only $8,768,000 and the number of wage earners 4,108, the percentage of decrease for the decade being 7.5 and 26.8 per cent, respectively. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^Third in impor- tance in the state at the last three censuses, this indus- try, although showing a small actual decrease from 1909 to 1914 in number of establishments and average number of wage earners, showed increases in amount paid in wages, cost of materials, and value of products. The decrease in number of estabhshments has been noticeable since 1904, when 220 establishments were reported, and is probably due to a greater centraliza^ tion of the industry, causing the abandonment of many small local creameries. For the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners de- creased 48, or 9.2 per cent, while the value of products increased $584,000, or 7.2 per cent. TexAUes. — In Vermont these mamrfaf^rm^iHJcliidia woolen and worsted goods, hosiery anw Tout goo(K, and cotton goods, and for each there was an increase in the value of products from 1909 to 1914. Of the three branches of the textile industries, the manufac- ture of woolen and worsted goods is much the most important. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the, value of products for this industry shows an increase of $138,000, or 3.1 per cent, and the value added by manufacture, $28,000 or 1.7 per cent. The average number of wage earners, however, decreased by 68, or 3 per cent, and the same number of estab- lishments reported at both censuses. For hosiery and knit goods during the same five-year period there were much more pronoimced increases in value of products and value added by manufacture, amount>- ing to $419,000, or 24 per cent, and $104,000, of 15.8 per cent, respectively; but the increase in number of wage earners was slight, being only 17, or 1.8 per cent. Paper and wood pulp. — This industry was fourth in importance, measured by value of products, in Ver- mont in 1914, having displaced woolen and worsted goods, which industry now ranks fifth. Although the number of estabhshments reporting in 1914 was smaller by 2 than the number in 1909, decided in- creases appeared in other respects, as follows: Aver- age number of wage earners, 234, or 22.7 per cent; value of products, $874,000, or 22.4 per cent; and the value added by manufacture, $325,000, or 22.5 per cent. In horsepower reported, the mUls in this in- dustry, with a total of 42,066 horsepower, led all other industries in the state. Flour-miU and gristmill products. — This industry, which excludes custom mills grinding for toU or local consumption, measured by value of products, ranked fifth in 1909, but dropped to sixth place iu 1914. There were slight increases in value of products and average number of wage earners during the five-year period, together with a decrease iu number of estabhshments. This decrease was in harmony with the conditions pre- vailing not only in many other states but in the indus- try as a whole in the United States, due largely to the abandonment of a large number of small mUls. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Marble and stone work, lumber and timber products, and hosiery and knit goods are the only industries which ranked alike in aU three respects. Butter, cheese, and con- densed mUk, third in value of products, was eleventh in number of wage earners and tenth in value added by manufacture. Woolen and worsted goods, fifth in value of products and value added by manufac- ture, was third in average number of wage earners. Flour-mill and gristmill products, sixth in value of products, was seventeenth in number of wage earners ^adJwui^rath ia value added by maniifacture. The manufacture of flour-mill and gristmill products con- 1520 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. sists largely in the simple process of grinding grain, requiring few employees, whUe the value added to the raw material by manufacture, as compared with the corresponding value for most other industries, is very . small. The manufacture of food preparations is another industry which requires comparatively few employees and adds httle value by the manufacturing process, ranking seventh in value of products, but nineteenth in average number of wage earners and fifteenth in value added by manufacture. On the other hand, the foundry and machine-shop industry, ranking eighth in value of products, was fourth in average number of wage earners and third in value added by manufacture. In rank according to value of products there were a number of changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Of the more important industries shown in the table, marble and stone work, lumber and timber products, and butter, cheese, and condensed milk held the same rank in value of products at both censuses. Paper and wood pulp, woolen and worsted goods, and flour- mill and gristmill products, ranking fourth, fifth, and sixth in 1914, were sixth, fourth, -and fifth, respec- tively, in 1909. Food preparations, holding seventh place in 1914, ranked nineteenth at the census of 1909. Clothing, men's, ranked eleventh at both censuses. For the remainder of these industries slight changes are noticeable from the earher census to the later. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries.-r- Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms" given at the beginning of this bulletin. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANOTACTCB- ING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 37,217 38,580 32,591 33,305 4,626 5,276 87.6 86.3 12.4 13.7 Proprietors and officials 2,766 3,088 2,696 3,013 60 75 97.8 97.6 2.2 2.4 Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried officers of corporations.. Superintendents and managers. . Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 1,787 2,113 333 302 636 673 1,757 1,704 32,704 33,788 1,743 2,053 326 293 627 667 1,171 1,202 28,724 29,090 44 60 7 9 9 6 586 602 3,980 4,698 97.5 97.2 97.9 97.0 98.6 99.1 66.6 70.5 87.8 86.1 2.5 2.8 2.1 3.0 1.4 0.9 33.4 29.5 12.2 13.9 16 years of age and over . . 32,652 33,577 62 211 28,682 28,946 42 144 3,970 4,631 10 67 87.8 86.2 80.8 68.2 12.2 Under 16 years of age.. 13.8 19,2 31,8 In 1914 the total number of persons engaged in manufactures was 37,217, of whom 32,704, or seven- eighths, were wage earners, 2,756 were proprietors and officials, and 1,757 were clerks. Of the wage earners, 16 years of age and over, 28,682, or seven-eighths, were males and 3,970, or one-eighth, were females. Corre- sponding figures for individual industries will be found in Table 32. Table 4 shows, for persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses :- Table 4 All classes - Proprietors and ofBcials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTtrKINQ INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total, -3.5 -10.8 -15.4 10.3 -6.6 3.1 -3.2 -2.8 -76.4 Male. -2.1 -10.5 -15,1 11.3 -6.0 -2.6 -1.3 -0.9 -70.8 Female. 16.7 -15.3 -14.3 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 7.4 4.8 0.9 1.7 4,7 87.9 87.7 0.1 8.0 5.6 0.8 1.7 87.6 87.0 0.5 Male. 1914 1909 100.0 8.3 5.3 1.0 1,9 3.6 88.1 88.0 0.1 100.0 9.0 6.2 0.9 2.0 3,6 87,3 86,9 0.4 Female, 1914 1909 100.0 1.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 12.7 86.0 85.8 0,2 1,4 1.1 0.2 0.1 9,5 89.1 87.8 1.3 *■ A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100, This table shows decreases for the five-year period in the total numbers of the several classes of employees with the exceptions of salaried officers of corporations and clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. The largest percentage of decrease for both sexes com- bined, 75.4, is shown for wage earners under 16 years of age, but the proportion which thia^dass .formed of the total number of wage earners M^m^^cM^, being two-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and six-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909. Wage earners over 16 years of age formed by far the largest class, 87.7 per cent, of the total number of persons engaged in manufac- turing industries in the state in 1914 and 87 per cent in 1909. Table S^phpws, for the three main classes of persons anufactures, the number in each class and MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1521 the per cent distribution for 19i4, 1909, and 1904, and the increase for the two five-year periods. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUTACTUEING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.! 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 37,217 38,580 37,015 100.0100.0 100.0 -3.5 4.2 Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees - . 1,787 2,726 32, 704 2,113 2,679 33, 788 1,856 2,063 33, 106 4.8 7.3 87.9 5.5 6.9 87.6 5.0 6.6 89.4 -15.4 1.8 -3.2 13.8 30.6 2.1 Wage earners (av. number) . . . 1 .\. minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Salaried employees show an increase at each succes- sive census, although much the greater for the five-year period 1904-1909. Each of the other two classes and the total for all classes combined show increases for the five-year period 1904-1909 and decreases for the five-year period 1909-1914. Table 6 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the average number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, with the per cent distribution of males and females 16 years of age and over and of children under 16 years of age. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. Table 6 All industries Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Census year. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- age num- ber. 32, 704 33, 788 33, 106 311 360 357 242 471 519 1,345 992 988 1,281 387 333 151 145 260 635 179 156 1, 873 1,860 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. 87.7 85.7 85.6 97.4 97.2 83.2 78.5 95.8 96.4 100.0 100.0 14.4 11.0 8.5 10.2 41.1 41.4 91.9 79.4 99.4 100.0 98.0 97.1 Fe- male. 12.1 13.7 13.8 2.6 1.1 15.1 15.3 3.4 4.2 85.2 89.0 91.5 68 9 68.6 8.1 18.7 2.0 2.8 Un- der 16 years of 0.2 0.6 0.7 1.7 6.2 0.8 0.4 1.9 0.6 Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and pubUshing Toys and games Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods . . . All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber. 1,035 1,119 963 946 4,108 4,790 9,018 10,411 1,264 1,030 651 666 160 103 361 390 2,226 2,294 6,616 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. 97.3 98.6 2.2 0.1 36.0 34.9 63.7 64.6 99.2 98.2 0.8 1.4 99.9 99.8 « 95.2 93.0 4.8 7.0 77.1 70.9 22.7 28.8 68.1 78.6 31.9 12.6 94.6 89.0 5.0 9.7 71.6 60.9 28.5 37.6 85.1 80.2 14.6 , 17.6 Un- der 16 years of age. 0.5 1.3 0.3 0.5 (') 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 8.7 ?:3 0) 1.4 0.3 2.2 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners over 16 years of age has been greater at each successive census, while the proportions for both females over 16 years of age and children under 16 have decreased. The percentage for males 16 years of age and over increased from 85.7 in 1909 to 87.7 in 1914, and during the same period the proportions for females 16 years of age and over and for children under 16 decreased from 13.7 to 12.1 and from six-tenths of 1 per cent to two-tenths of 1 per cent, respectively. In 1914, as compared with 1909, of the 19 industries for which separate figures are given in this table, 13 show an increased proportion of males and 5 an in- creased proportion of females, while but 1 shows an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years 82101°— 18 96 of age. Four of the industries that gave employment to children under 16 years of age in 1909 reported no employees of this class for 1914. In the manufacture of men's clothing and women's clothing in 1914, about nine-tenths of the wage earners 16 years of age and over were women; and in the manufacture of confectionery and of hosiery and knit goods, although the proportion was smaller, the females also outnumbered the males. In the manu- facture of toys and games, there was an increase in the proportion of female wage earners 16 years of age and over in 1914 as compared with 1909. In 1909 children under 16 years of age formed 8.7 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the last-named industry, but in 1914 none of this class were reported. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1522 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. Table 7 shows the average number of wage earners employed in each of the three cities having a popula- tion of more than 10,000, distributed according to age periods and in the case of those 16 years and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 7 SEX AND AGE. Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN— Barre. Burling- ton. Rut- land. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,366 2,340 2,19S 2,132 2,371 2,300 1,771 1,636 1,803 16 years of age and 07er: Male 2,355 2,325 2,195 9 3 2 2 12 1- 1,452 1,601 1,619 678 740 652 2 30 29 1,531 1,245 1,360 231 390 452 9 1 1 Female '. Under 16 years of age Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 99.5 99.4 99.8 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.] 0.5i (•) 68.1 67.5 70.4 31.8 31.2 28.3 0.1 1.3 1.3 86.4 76.1 74.9 13.0 23.8 ?5.1 0.1 0.1 > Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Barre shows an increase during each of the five-year periods in the numbers of both males and females 16 years of age and over, but for the number under 16 years there was a decrease during the five-year period 1909-1914. In this city, however, the number of female wage earners over 16 years of age and of children under 16 years was insignificant, the two classes combined forming but one-tenth of 1 per cent of the total in 1904, six-tenths of 1 per cent in 1909, and five-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914. The prepon- derance of males is due to the fact that marble and stone work, the principal industry in Barre, furnish- ing employment to more than nine-tenths of the av- erage number of wage earners engaged in manufactures in the city, reported only three females. BurHngton shows a decrease of 239 in the total average number of wage earners from 1909 to 1914, each of the three'classes taking part in this decrease. Several of the most important industries shared in this loss, while one industry engaged in the manufacture of photographic supplies in 1909, and employing a con- siderable number of wage earners, had left the city in 1914. Among the three cities, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was the smallest, and of females over 16 years of age the largest, in Burlington. During the five-year period 1 909-1 9J.4 the proportion of males 16 years of age and over in- creased from 67.5 per cent to 68.1 per cent, and that for females 16 years of age and over, from 31.2 per cent to 31.8 per cent, while the proportion of children Digitized by under 16 years of age decreased from 1.3 per cent to one-tenth of 1 per cent. Rutland shows an actual increase of 135 in the total average number of wage earners for the five-year pe- riod 1909-1914. There was a decided increase during this period in the proportion of male wage earners over 16 years of age and a corresponding decrease in the proportion of females. The number under 16 years of age, although greater in 1914 than in 1909, was so small that it scarcely had a perceptible effect on the percentages from census to census. Table 8 shows, for Barre, Burlington, and Rutland, the percentages of increase in the average numbers of wage earners, for which totals are given in the pre- ceding table for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 8 PER CENT or INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS.! CITY. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 7.6 1.1 6.5 -7.3 -10.1 3.1 -1.8 8.3 -9.3 7.3 1.3 S.9 -10.3 -9.3 -1.1 13.4 23.0 -7.8 4.0 -8.4 13.5 -48.9 -40.8 -13.7 Rutland > A minus sign ( than 100. — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base i is less In Barre, during the ten-year period 1904-1914, the total average number of wage earners increased by 7.6 per cent, and the average nmnber of males 16 years of age and over, by 7.3 per cent. For the five-year period 1909-1914 the increase for aU classes of wage earners amounted to 1.1 per cent, and for males 16 years and over, to 1 .3 per cent. Burlington shows, for the ten-year period 1904-1914, a decrease of 7.3 per cent, and for the five-year period 1909-1914, a decrease of 10.1 per cent, in the total average number of wage earners employed. During the ten-year period the average number of male wage earners 16 years of age and over decreased- 10.3 per cent, and during the same period the average number of female wage earners 16 years of age and over in- creased 4 per cent, but decreased by 8.4 per cent during the five-year period 1909-1914. For Rutland there is shown, for the ten-year period, a decrease of 1.8 per cent in the total average number of wage earners, but for the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a gain of 8.3 per cent. During the ten-year period the average number of male wage earners 16 years of age and over increased by 13.4 per cent, while the average number of female wage earners 16 years of age and over decreased by 48.9 per cent. For the I five-year period 1909-1914 the corresponding totals Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1523 represent an increase of 23 per cent and a decrease of 40.8 per cent, respectively. Wage earners employed, by months.— Table 9 gives, for all industries combined, a comparative statement of the total number of wage earners employed on the 15tli of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the years 1914 and 1909, and for 1904 the average number employed during each month, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. Table 9 January.. February . March April May June July August. October. NoTemb*. December.. WAGE EAEiraKS IN MANUTACTUEING INDU3TEIES. Number.' 1914 33,288 33,273 34, 155 34, 194 34,125 33,254 31, 792 31, 213 32,208 31,615 31,571 31, 760 33,013 33, 710 34,257 34,288 34,317 34, 134 32, 875 33,359 34,098 34,392 34, 677 32,342 1904 32,576 33, 282 33,954 34,189 34, 160 33,387 32, 032 31,654 32, 707 33, 194 33, 231 32,906 Per cent of maximum. 1914 97.4 97.3 99.9 100.0 99.8 97.3 93.0 91.3 94.2 92.5 92.3 92.9 1909 95.2 97.2 98.8 98.9 99.0 98.4 94.8 96.2 98.3 99.2 100.0 93.3 1904 95.3 97.3 99.3 100.0 99.9 97.7 93.7 92.6 95.7 97.1 97.2 96.2 1 The figures lor 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. I ' For 1914 and 1904 the spring months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for April and the minimum for August in both years. The year 1909 shows the least fluctuation in the num- ber of wage earners employed, but shows a different season of activity, the maximum month being Novem- ber, whereas in 1914 the employment of wage earners was comparatively small during the later, months of the year. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 2,981 in 1914. The average monthly em- ployment of wage earners in 1914 was 32,704 and in 1909, 33,788. Table 10 gives for the state as a whole and for a num- ber of selected industries, a comparative statement, for the years 1914 and 1909, showing the total average number of wage earners employed, the number by months of maximum and minimum employment, and the percentage which the minimum forms of the maximum. In 1914 the average number of wage earners, for all iadustries combined, was 32,704, representing a de- crease of 1,084 as compared with 33,788 in 1909; but a comparison of the selected industries covered by the table shows a wide diversity of increase and de- crease during this period in the number of wage earn- ers employed. Marble and stone work, by far the largest manufacturing industry in the state, shows a decrease of 1,393 in the average number of wage earn- ers, but less fluctuation in inonthlj^i^p]li^&(anD}h. I m the later year than in the earlier, the percentage which the minimum formed of the maximum in 1914 being 90.3 per cent, compared with 65.9 in 1909. On the other hand, the woolen and worsted goods industry, for which there appears a slight decrease in average number of wage earners during the five-year period 1909-1914, showed a much greater fluctuation ia 1914 than in 1909, the percentages which the minimum formed of the maximum being 62.9 and 85.4 per cent, respectively. Bread and other bakery products, cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam raOroad companies, foundry and machiae-shop prod- ucts, furniture and refrigerators, and the printing and publishing industries show the most steady employ- ment of wage earners. Table 10 Cen- sus year. WAGE EAKNERS. Aver- age num- ber. Maximum. Minimum. INDUSTSY. Month. Num- ber. Month. Num- ber. Per cent of maxi- mum. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 32,704 33,788 Apr. Nov. 34, 194 34, 677 Aug. Dec. 31,213 32,342 91.3 93.3 Agricultural implements 311 360 Jan. Apr. 336 393 July Aug. 238 298 70.8 75.8 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 357 242 Aug. June 378 257 Feb. Jan. 335 227 88.6 88.3 Butter, cheese, and con- densed mil]£. 1914 1909 471 519 June July 570 620 Feb. Feb. 381 428 66.8 69.0 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 1914 1909 1,345 992 Mar. Sept. 1,411 1,030 Sept. July 1,253 956 88.8 92.8 Clothing, men's, including shirts. 1914 1909 988 1,281 Feb. Dec. 1,102 1,423 Oct. Sept. 731 1,107 66.3 77.8 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 387 333 Apr. Dec. 448 407 Aug. June 285 290 63.6 71.3 Confectionery 1914 1909 151 145 Oct. Nov. 172 183 June July 132 114 76.7 62.3 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 260 635 Mar. Dec. 325 691 Dee. July 160 556 49.2 80.5 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 179 156 Dec. Mar. 183 166 July Sept. 174 145 96.1 87.3 Foundry and machine-shop products. 1914 1909 1,873 1,860 Apr. Dec. 2,039 2,122 Oct. May 1,671 1,691 82.0 79.7 Filmiture 1914 1909 1,035 1,119 Mar. Dec. 1,123 1,261 Dec. July 945 1,026 84.1 81.4 Hosiery and knit goods 1914 1909 963 946 May Nov. 1,090 1,000 Sept. Aug. 795 863 72.9 86.3 Lumber and timber products 1914 1909 4,108 4,790 May Dec. 4,713 5,460 Sept. Aug. 3,471 3,866 73.6 70.8 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 9,018 10,411 Aug. Aug. 9,290 11,186 Dec. Dec. 8,391 7,372 90.3 65.9 Paper and wood pulp 1914 1909 1,264 1,030 Sept. Mar. 1,429 1,133 Aug. Aug. 9S0 885 66.5 78.1 Printing and publishing 1914 1909 651 666 May Dec. 667 699 Dec. Aug. 634 649 95.1 92.8 Toys and games , 1914 1909 160 "103 Oct. Oct. 188 121 Aug. Jan. 135 83 71.8 68.6 Wood, turned and carved. . . 1914 1909 361 390 Feb. Jan. 417 411 July Sept. 324 354 77.7 86.1 Woolen and worsted goods. . 1914 1909 2,226 2,294 Dec. Deo. 2,929 2,508 Feb. Aug. 1,843 2,143 62.9 85.4 Table 11 gives the total average number of wage earners emgloyed during 1914, together with the total byed on the 15th of each month, or the 1524 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the three cities having a population of more than 10,000. Of the selected industries, cooperage and wooden goods, while comparatively a small industry in the state, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in December being but 49.2 per cent of the number in March. The least fluctua- tion is shown for flour-mill and gristmill products and for printing and publis hin g, for which industries the proportion which the minimum formed of the maxi- mum was 95.1 per cent. Of the three cities, Rutland shows much the greatest fluctuation, the proportion that the minimum formed of the maximum for this city being 81.9 percent. Table 11 INDUSTEy AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products -■- Furniture *. Hosiery and knit goods Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Toys and games Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods Total lor cities Bakee buelington Rutland WAGE EAKNEKS: 1914. [The month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum employment by italic figures.] Aver- age Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. , Per cent num- ber em- ployed during year. Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 32,704 33,288 33,273 34, 155 34,194 34, 125 33, 254 31, 792 SI, BIS 32,208 31,615 31,571 31,760 91.3 311 357 ill 336 336 40/ 335 sss S81 331 339 404 334 341 484 317 363 543 321 371 570 SSS 376 547 273 378 528 284 374 495 310 359 492 320 357 406 333 . 355 395 70.8 88.6 66.8 1,345 988 1,362 1,086 1,385 1,102 1,411 1,064 1,371 1,025 1,355 1,007 1,398 981 1,269 984 1,307 946 UB5S 839 1,281 7S1 1,372 1,039 1,376 1,052 88.8 66.3 387 161 438 141 436 149 447 156 448 153 430 136 419 ISB 328 137 SSS 145 357 154 353 172 359 168 344 169 63.6 76.7 260 179 1,873 318 183 2,012 319 181 2^14 325 183 2,023 291 179 2,039 313 176 1,944 307 174 1,953 284 in 1,896 256 175 1,747 179 176 1,745 189 181 1,671 179 183 1,687 160 183 1,745 49.2 95.1 82.0 1,035 963 4,108 9,018 1,264 1,106 1,036 4,541 8,944 1,220 1,115 1,051 4,688 8,882 1,185 1,123 1,065 4,592 8,989 1,212 1,065 1,080 4,670 9,161 1,263 1,043 1,090 4,713 9,248 1,300 1,000 1,087 4,207 9,239 1,244 IjOOO 1,027 3,504 9,220 1,235 954 894 3,490 9,290 960 1,009 791 S,471 9,114 1,429 1,026 812 3,719 9,048 1,422 1,034 818 3,777 8,690 1,343 in 4,024 8,S91 1,365 84.1 72.9 73.6 90.3 66.5 651 160 361 2,226 647 159 414 1,887 657 164 417 l,8iS 660 169 381 2,389 661 151 367 2,400 667 156 354 2,356 659 155 339 2,121 662 146 SS4 1,956 647 m 336 1,874 636 177 340 2,469 644 188 352 2,123 638 179 349 2,365 esi 141 359 2,929 95.1 71.8 77.7 62.9 6,269 6,236 6,322 6,413 6,376 6,376 6,343 6,190 6,105 6,293 6,317 6,246 6,001 93.6 2,366 2,132 1,771 2,243 2,121 1,872 2, lis 2,169 1,910 2,379 2,145 1,889 2,407 2,124 1,845 2,379 2,149 1,848 2,379 2,146 1,818 2,389 2,087 1,714 2,401 B,OM 1,679 2,425 2,166 1,702 2,414 2,172 1,731 2,369 2,188 1,689 2,350 2,086 1,686 92.5 92.6 81.9 Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 12 the wage earners in the state and in a number of selected indus- tries have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establish- ments in which they were employed in 1914 and 1909. The number employed in each estabhshment is classi- fied as a total even though a few employees worked a greater or less number of hours. The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 12,508, or more than one-third of the total average number of wage earners for all industries combined, were employed in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, while but 5,632, or only about one-sixth, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, for all industries combined, the number of wage earners whose working hours were less than 60 hours per week increased from 21,280 in 1909 to 27,072 in 1914, fo rm ing 63 per cent and 82.8 per cent, respec- tively, of the total number in the state. For the state as a whole there was a marked-iMMasej liuidng n the five-year period in the proportion of wage earn- ers in each of the three classes from 48 and under to 54 hours per week. Among the separate industries, marble and stone work shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 46.3 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed in estabhshments wtere the hom« of labor were 54 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had in- creased to 91.7 per cent. In the foundry and machine-shop industry in 1909 there were no estabhshments reporting their prevail- ing hours of labor as fewer than 54 per week, but in 1914, 54.7 per cent of the wage earners in this indus- try were employed in establishments where such hours prevailed. Each of the two textile industries, hosiery and knit goods and woolen and worsted goods, show decreased hours of employment. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 6,269 for the three cities in 1914, 5,635, or practically nine-tenths, were in estabhshments where the prevaihng hours were fewer than 60 per week, 4J&h^^(^^ were in estabhshments in which the MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1525 hours were more than 60 per week. In Barre, where marble and stone work is the predominant industry, 2,260, or 95.5 per cent, of its wage earners were re- ported in the class of 48 hours and under. Table 12 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where tlie prevailing hours of labor pel week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 J914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 32,704 33,788 5,579 4,898 4,727 1,080 6,452 4,000 10,314 11,302 5,077 11,879 345 466 182 98 28 65 Agricultural implements 311 360 357 242 471 519 1,345 992 988 1,281 387 333 151 145 260 636 179 156 1,873 1,860 1,035 1,119 963 946 4,108 4,790 9,018 10,411 1,264 1,030 651 666 160 103 361 390 2,226 2,294 6,596 5,516 6,269 52 100 120 45 42 28 341 219 199 31 4 37 29 743 804 250 948 254 277 51 48 54 54 32 20 389 719 669 428 702 40 61 127 154 205 134 44 12 10 31 18 3 160 250 17 19 3 17 5 Butter, cheese, and condensed milk 7 14 261 170 38 7 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 16 10 8 ClothlTip mfiTi's iTiplnding .2 18.5 19.5 15.6 20.9 20.6 15.5 DISTKICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVING A POP- ULATION or 10,000 OB OVEE. Number or amount. Percent ofaggre- gate. 313,835 311, 208 313,502 1,510 1,674 1,799 26,435 27, 441 24,461 $62,786,709 54,977,629 43,489,988 27,134,901 26,600,570 21,234,598 86.9 87.4 91.2 85.2 85.6 92.8 81.8 86.2 81.5 80.5 84.4 79.1 79.4 84.5 ' Census estimate of population for 1914. Table 14 shows the relative importance in manufac- tures of each of the three cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by the value of products in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 14 CITY. AVERAGE NTJMBEE OP "WAGE EARNEES. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Burlington 2,132 2,366 1,771 2,371 2,340 1,636 2,300 2,198 1,803 $6,636,956 4,291,600 3,276,709 $6,800,490 3,862,177 2,679,628 $6,355,754 3,373,046 2,522,856 The manufacturing industries of Barre and Rutland show an increase in value of products for each of the five-year periods 1904-1909 and 1909-1914, but for the city of Biu-lington there was a decrease during the five- year period 1909-1914. For the five-year period 1904-1909 Rutland shows a decrease in average mmiber of wage earners notwith- standing an increase in value of products, and for Burlington and Barre the increases in number of wage earners are not proportionate to the increases in value of products. This condition may be due to the in- crease in the prices of commodities during recent years referred to in the "Explanation of terms." The principal industries in Burlington are lumber, planing-mill products, cotton goods, and patent medi- cines and compounds. In Barre the marble and stone work industry, the output of which forms nine-tenths of the total value of products of the city, dwarfs the remainder of its manufactures. In Rutland the principal industries are scales and balances, steam-railroad repair shops, foundry and machine-shop products, and marble and stone work. Digitized by Character of ownership. — Table 15 presents statis- tics in respect to character of ownership, or legal or- ganization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all in- dustries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904, while for the selected industries, figures for 1914 and 1909 only are given. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of individual estabhsh- ments, it is necessary to omit several important indus- tries from this table. For all industries combined, during the decade, this table shows an increase in the number of establish- ments under corporate ownership and decreases for the other two classes. Although, of the three classes of ownership, corporations show the smallest propor- tion of the establishments, in value of products and average number of wage earners they largely pre- dominate. For 1914, with but 22 per cent of the total number of establishments in the state, they reported 68.7 per cent of the total value of products and 71.4 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. In 1909 and 1904 the corresponding proportions are only slightly less. The proportions of the total aver- age number of wage earners and value of products reported by corporations have been greater at each successive census. Individual ownership for aU industries combined shows a greater number of establishments in 1914 and 1909 than for "corporations" and "aU others" to- gether, although slightly less in 1904. Their propor- tions of value of products and average number of wage earners, however, was less than that for "all others" in 1909 and 1904, although slightly greater in 1914. In 1914, with the exception of flour-miU and gristmill products, the largest proportions of the total products for the nine industries for which separate statistics are given are shown for corporate owner- Ivlicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1527 ship. This condition, prevails also in each of the three cities, although it is much less pronounced in Barre than in Burlington and Rutland. In Barre, however, 88 of the 110 establishments in the city were engaged in marble and stone work, in which industry there were'few corporations. Table 15 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OP AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY — Total. In establishments owned by — Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals, Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers! Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. Ail others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. AH oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 931 1,029 833 390 372 309 451 557 657 32,704 33, 788 33,106 6,043 6,066 6,882 23,335 22,857 20,644 4,326 5,865 6,680 16.4 15.0 17.8 71.4 67.6 62.1 13.2 17.4 20.2 $76,990,974 68,309,824 63, 083, 611 $12,202,958 12,176,721 12,027,326 852,854,963 42,641,046 36,373,592 811,933,053 13,493,067 14, 682, 693 15.8 17.8 19.1 68.7 62.4 57.7 15.5 19.8 23.3 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. 39 50 86 92 12 20 4 2 1 1 351 390 118 136 i 4 4 99 44 22 7 8 23 26 10 14 4 6 53 61 52 64 16 16 13 13 90 114 32 33 5 11 1 3 2 2 112 142 106 152 7 8 82 471 519 179 166 1,873 1,860 1,035 1,119 963 946 4,108 4,790 9,018 10,411 1,264 1,030 2,226 2,294 6,269 66 107 105 91 202 184 1,703 1,962 1,163 1,030 243 148 739 238 245 20 26 1, 635 1,535 1,016 1,090 699 723 1,423 1,426 5,694 6,388 1,156 878 1,983 2,146 4,200 167 167 64 39 36 141 M9 129 1264 1223 982 1,402 2,161 2,993 108 1162 1,330 14.0 20.6 58.7 58.3 10.8 9.9 41.6 41.0 12.9 9.9 10.9 6.5 11.8 50.5 47.2 11.2 16.7 87.3 82.6 98.2 97.4 72.6 76.4 34.6 29.8 63.1 61.4 91.6 86.2 89.1 93.5 67.0 36.6 32.2 30.2 26.0 1.9 7.6 1.8 2.6 27.4 23.6 23.9 29.3 24.0 28.7 8.6 14.8 21.2 8, 695, 915 8,112,239 4,142,864 4,133,337 3,428,162 3,754,801 1,642,789 1,617,769 2,164,897 1, 745, 670 8,768,453 8,598,084 12,605,417 12,395,379 4,776,387 3,901,634 4,634,593 4,496,903 14,206,266 1,399,143 1,850,284 2,034,174 1,946,353 277,809 360,860 3,895,209 2,953,937 680, 663 848,426 3,080,615 3,162,057 1, 612, 667 1,581,394 1,662,030 1,266,820 3,972,516 3,273,246 7, 849, 191 7,178,038 4,372,432 3,342,490 4,244,414 4, 243, 400 9,841,444 3,401,663 3,308,018 1,428,017 1,338,559 69,738 241, 894 1 30, 132 136,365 1 602, 867 1 479, 850 1,763,825 2,160,641 3,049,314 3,697,198 403,965 1 559, 144 16.1 22.8 49.1 47.1 8.1 9.3 34.6 36.8 13.6 12.3 8.4 5.6 12.4 44.8 36.4 16.4 20.5 89.9 84.2 98.2 97.8 72.2 72.5 45.3 38.1 62.3 67.9 91.5 85.7 91.6 94.4 69.3 39.1 40.8 34.5 32.4 2.0 6.4 1.8 2.2 Hosiery and knit goods. . 27.8 27.5 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. . . Paper and wood pulp 3,032,113 3,164,198 1,706,912 1,620,143 20.1 25.1 24.2 29.8 8.5 14.3 390, 179 253,503 1,765,144 goods. Totalfor cities 2,598,677 18.3 Barre 44 28 27 18 41 22 48 18 16 2,366 2,132 1,771 469 195 75 879 1,736 1,685 1,018 201 111 19.8 9.1 4.2 37.2 81.4 89.6 43.0 9.4 6.3 4,291,600 6, 636, 956 3,276,709 792,323 751,176 221,646 1,779,392 5,616,633 2,545,519 1, 719, 886 369, 248 609,644 18.6 11.3 6.8 41.5 83.1 77.7 40.1 5.6 Rutland 15.6 1 Includes the group "individuals," to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Size of establishments. — Table 16 shows, for all industries combined, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, grouped according to the value of products, and, for each group, the average number of wage earners, value of products, value added by manufacture, and per cent distribution. Table 16 NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE ' EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1901 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,772 1,958 1,699 32, 704 33,788 33,106 $76,990,974 $68,309,824 863,083,611 $34,285,264 $33,487,096 $30,653,759 527 620 472 146 7 690 644- 493 127 4 426 672 483 112 6 730 3,311 7,924 16,045 6,694 1,100 3,844 9,491 14,466 4,887 752 4,246 10,011 13,174 4,923 1,287,368 6,671,006 20,238,946 37,923.634 10,970,120 1,693,585 6,976,450 20, 340, 258 32,104,260 7, 196, 281 1, 190, 017 7,031,382 19,927,286 26,459,867 8,475,059 827,200 3,629,041 8,741,378 16,072,472 5,115,163 1,089,681 3,729,672 9,663,436 14, 813, 124 4,201,383 743,470 3,850,847 9,146,201 11,269,943 5,644,298 aan ooo to sioo 000 J100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Xess than 15.000 29.7 35.0 26.6 8.2 0.4 35.2 32.9 26.2 6.6 0.2 2S;1 39.6 28.4 6.6 0.4 2.2 10.1 24.2 46.0 17.4 3.3 11.4 28.1 42.8 14.5 2.3 12.8 30.2 39.8 14.9 1.7 8.5 26.3 49.3 14.2 2.5 10.2 29.8 47.0 10.5 1.9 11.1 31.6 41.9 13.4 2.4 10.3 25.6 46.9 14.9 3.3 11.1 28.8 44.2 12.6 2.4 $6,000 to $20,000 12.6 $20 000 to $100.000 29.8 $100,008 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 36.8 18.4 For 1914, 153 establishments, or 8.6 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products ex- ceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 131, or 6.7 per cent of the total, in 1909, and 118, or 7 per cent, in 1904. For 1914 these establishments re- ported an average of 20,739 wage earners, or 63.4 per cent of the total for the state, 63.5 peiQ^teffi6/tfli>!l value of products, and 61.8 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. In the same year the small establishments, those having products of less than $100,000 in value, represented 91.3 per cent of the total number of establishments but reported only 36.5 per cent of the total value of products. For the estab- miOlJQMSfl^iag products valued at $100,000 and 1528 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. over, the proportion of the total products shows an in- crease at each successive census, from 55.3 per cent in 1904 to 57.5 per cent in 1909 and 63.5 per cent in 1914. Table 17 shows, for several of the more important industries, a similar grouping of establishments, ac- cording to value of products, for 1914 and 1909. Table 17 INDUSTET AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Butter, cheese, and con- densed MILK Less than $6,000 $6,000 to 320,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Floue-mill and gristmill products Less than J6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 FOUNDRY AND MACHINE-SHOP PRODUCTS Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 , $100,000 to $1,000,000 Lumber and timber eboducts. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 , $100,000 to $1,000,000 Marble and stone ■work Less than $6,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over : NUMBER or establish- ments. 1914 6 41 109 17 125 40 516 221 220 12 276 68 97 106 U6 1909 186 16 56 103 12 11 14 21 10 593 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 3.6 23.7 63.0 9.8 100.0 4.0 51.2 40.8 4.0 100.0 20.0 30.0 30.0 20.0 100.0 304 214 66 97 111 116 119 42.8 42.6 12.2 2.3 100.0 21.0 36.1 38.0 5.8 100.0 8.1 30.1 55.4 6.5 100.0 4.5 65.6 36.1 3.8 100.0 19.6 25.0 37.5 17.9 100.0 61.3 36.1 11.1 1.6 100.0 28.4 32.5 33.6 6.6 AVERAGE NUMBER OP wage EARNERS. 1914 226 179 56 86 34 1,873 22 114 317 1,420 4,108 350 1,343 1,614 901 9,018 1909 519 49 202 259 1,264 4,790 90 775 2,961 6,192 678 1,624 1.652 936 10,411 144 3,448 5,833 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.6 7.0 48.0 44.4 100.0 1.7 31.3 48.0 19.0 100.0 1.2 6.1 16.9 75.8 100.0 8.5 32.7 36.9 21.9 100.0 1.0 32.8 57.6 100.0 1.7 9.4 38.9 49.9 100.0 2.6 32.1 51.3 14.1 100.0 1.3 4.5 26.2 68.0 100.0 12.1 33.9 34.6 19.6 100.0 1.4 9.5 33.1 56.0 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 S8, 695. 916 $8, 112, 239 23. 169 490.006 4,889,427 3,293,323 4,142,864 14.132 776, 566 1,998,566 1,353,590 3,428,162 26, 863 169, 449 555, 681 2, 676, 169 8, 768, 453 637, 071 2,200,813 2,457,504 3, 573, 065 12, 605, 417 157, 696 1,113.332 4, 387, 9,50 6, 946, 439 1909 60, 363 688. 974 4. 146; 968 3,225,934 4, 133, 337 34. 734 931, 558 1.849,723 1,317,322 3, 754, 801 27,302 156, 775 874, 592 2. 697, 132 8, 698, 084 749, 081 2,227,094 2. 663, 711 2, 958, 198 12,395,379 252, 674 1.209,630 4.434,976 6. 498, 199 Per cent distribution. 1914" 1909 100.0 0.3 5.6 66.2 37.9 100.0 0.3 18.7 48.2 32.7 100.0 0.8 4.9 16.2 78.1 100.0 6.1 25.1 28.0 40.7 100.0 34.8 55.1 100.0 0.6 8.5 61.1 100.0 0.8 22.5 44.8 31.9 100.0 0.7 4.1 23.3 71.8 100.0 8.7 25.9 31.0 34.4 100.0 35.8 52.4 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $719, 626 $1,056,425 1,650 47, 656 416, 046 254, 273 483, 804 2,973 129, 636 292.633 68, 662 2, 366, 340 20, 863 110, 326 357, 087 1, 878, 064 4,787,759 356, 970 372, 144 559, 213 499,432 8,921,913 1909 9,030 73, 438 416. 307 557, 650 605, 015 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 6.6 57.8 35.3 100.0 7,130 147. 696 262, 826 187, 363 2,419,690 15, 919 91, 954 577, 742 1, 734, 075 4,467,342 0.6 26.8 60.5 12.1 100.0 0.9 4.7 15.1 79.4 100.0 502,946 1,463,365 1,693,905 807, 126 9, 877. 631 182, 150 903, 126 3.215,534 5,576,721 7.5 28.7 32.6 31.3 100.0 1.2 8.8 33.2 56.7 100.0 0.9 7.0 39.4 52.8 100.0 1.2 24.4 43.4 31.0 100.0 0.7 3.8 23.9 71.7 100.0 11.3 32.8 37.9 18.1 100.0 1.8 9.1 32.6 56.5 For 1914 as compared with 1909, as in the totals for all industries combined, this table shows that for each of the five industries there was a general decrease for the establishments having products uader $100,000 in value. During the five-year period, for the estab- Hshments having products valued at $100,000 and over, two of the industries, fiour-mill and gristmill products, and foundry and machine-shop products I Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." show an increase in the average number of wage earners and aU except foundry and machine-shop products an increase in value of products. Table 18 shows for all industries combined in each of the three cities having a population of 10,000 and over the number of establishments grouped according to value of products, of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, for 1914. Table 18 CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. BARRE Less than 85,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000 Burlington. . Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000... $100,000 to $1,000,000 Rutland Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . . $100,000 to $1,000,000 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 110 WAGE EARNERS. Average number. 2,366 18 182 1,320 846 2,132 25 128 607 1,472 1,771 21 73 326 1,351 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.8 7.7 56.8 35.8 100.0 1.2 6.0 23.8 69.0 100.0 1.2 4.1 18.4 76.3 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $4,291,600 50,626 312,801 .2,310,708 1,617,465 6,636,956 49,041 264,494 1,183,723 5,139,698 3,276,709 47,782 176,826 735,034 2,317,067 Per cent of total. 100.0 1.2 7.3 53.8 37.7 100.0 0.7 4.0 17.8 77.4 100.0 1.6 6.4 22.4 70.7 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. Amount. $2,955,148 37,630 219, 196 1,500,920 1,197,502 2,628,352 33,928 144,590 618,271 1,831,557 1,666,853 28,329 87,297 407,1)03 1,143,324 Per cent of tctaL 100.0 1.3 7.4 50.8 40.5 100.0 1.3 5.7 20.5 72.4 100.0 1.7 5.2 24.5 68 6 In the totals for Burlington and Rutland the same J combined in the state, namely, a preponderance as to general condition is found as TprevnHlDJi^iJZ&Gkik^ l\M€3lv©S0§k®i\icts for establishments in the group of MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1529 $100,000 and oyer, representing 77.4 per cent and 70.7 per cent of the totals for the two cities, respectively. For Barre, however, the greatest value of products, 53.8 per cent, appears for the group $20,000 to 1100,000. Each of the three cities shows a consid- erable proportion of the total number of establish- ments as having products valued at less than $20,000, but their combined value of products was relatively small. Of the total number of such estabhshments for each of these cities, those in Barre represented 42.7 per cent, in Burlington 50.6 per cent, and in Rutland 56.9 per cent, whereas the values of their products formed^ only 8.5 per cent, 4.7 per cent, and 6.9 per cent, respectively. Table 19 shows, for 1914, for all industries in the state combiaed, for 19 of the more important indus- tries individually, and for each of the three cities, the number of estabhshments and the number of wage earners grouped according to the average number of wage earners employed. Table 19 INDUSTRY AND CITY. All industries Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk : Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's, including shirts Clothing, women's Confectionery Cooperate and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Hosiery and knit goods Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp , Printing and publishing Toys and games Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Total for cities B AKRE Burlington Rutland Estab- lish- ments. 1,772 85 173 5 10 7 4 15 125 40 15 7 516 276 23 111 4 33 17 297 110 87 65 Wage earners (average number). 32, 704 311 357 471 1,345 387 151 260 179 1,873 1,035 963 4,108 9,018 1,264 651 160 361 2,226 6,596 6,269 2,366 2,132 1,771 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No wage Estab- lish- ments. 23 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 59 150 5 106 10 3 1 334 81 54 ""io' "147' Wage earners. 2,131 136 273 7 163 28 792 212 146 "66' 'sol' 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 372 5 2 15 1 'iio' Wage earners. 48 125 63 26 164 1,352 1,091 128 207 21 131 479 244 127 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 5,400 153 5r 28 36 52 139 27 1,059 2,209 122 238 79 68 775 1,563 948 405 210 Table 1 9— Continued. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING— INDUSTRY AND CITY. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 261 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wags earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries 58 4,140 41 6,090 14 4,604 6 3,819 1 2,339 1 110 "Brpad and other bakerv nroducts 1 65 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 2 602 1 706 2 2 2 2 148 150 115 138 4 2 T57 216 CIotMng, women's Flour-mill and gristmill producte 4 264 4 4 2 3 6 1 504 563 305 406 651 173 2 1 1 774 255 487 2 7 10 7 1 2 1 8 7 15 141 499 801 473 60 139 95 597 455 1,113 2 1 637 368 1 878 1 2,339 3 11 7 354 1,851 873 2 3 3 554 927 1,103 1 3 1 653 1,582 524 — All other industries . . . Total for cities jbyii 388 Vlidk isofi ■ 106 1 1 1 371 391 341 |^JSS^:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::0/g//7Zec/ 1- 524 1 1 1530 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. Of the total number of establishments for all indus- tries in the state combined, 138, or 7.8 per cent, em- ployed no wage earners. The numbers in the several remauihig groups are as follows : Employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, 971, or 54.8 per cent; from 6 to 50, 543, or 30.6 per cent; from 51 to 250, 99, or 5.6 per cent; and more than 250, 21, or 1.2 per cent. The percent- ages for average number of wage earners employed, however, differ greatly from those just given. The group of estabUshments employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, which represented 54.8 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported 2,131 wage earn- ers, or but 6.5 per cent of the total. On the other hand, the group of establishments having more than 250 employees, while comprising but 1.2 per cent of the total number of establishments, employed 10,762, or 32.9 per cent, of the wage earners. The groups of estabhshments having more than 50 wage earners rep- resented only 6.8 per cent of the total number of estab- lishments in the state, but gave employment to 20,992 wage earners, or 64.2 per cent of the total. ^As an indication of the nature of the industries embracing the smaller establishments, it will be noticed that for bread and bakery products, dairy products, and flour- mill and gristmill products the majority of the estab- hshments employ from 1 to 5 wage earners. A com- parison of the industries shown in this table brings out the fact that, in the steam-railroad repair shops, in the foundries and machine shops, in the manufacture of men's clothing, furniture, hosiery and knit goods, and woolen and worsted goods, and in the marble and stone work industry, the majority of the wage earners were in estabhshments giving employment to more than 100 wage earners. In Barre 20.2 per of the wage earners were in estab- lishments employing more than 100 wage earners; in Burlington, 38.3 per cent; and in Rutland, 68.1 per cent. Table 20 gives, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in the preceding table, together with similar percentages for 1909. Table 20 INDUSTRY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE ITOMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to S 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 6.5 6.9 12.8 3.8 16.5 18.9 12.7 11.7 18.6 17.6 14.1 17.5 11.7 2.3 7.2 11.2 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 19.3 19.0 2.4 2.9 ■■6.5 22.4 23.6 "2.9 15.5 12.8 0.7 6.2 32.9 34.4 12.1 12.8 10.1 11.8 31.8 38.6 13.1 30.1 36.3 33.3 19.1 10.0 2.8 8.4 25.8 26.1 24.5 22.3 9.7 28.5 36.6 37.8 21.9 31.8 3.1 8.4 11.7 14.0 '26.'i 14.6 22.5 12.1 5.7 8.9 9.0 37.4 28.3 9.2 54.4 63.4 31.7 16.0 9.9 14.7 9.4 13.5 13.7 24.6 50.6 52.6 Hosiery and knit goods Lumher and timber products . Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp ""i.'7 38.1 59.1 58.0 47.4 ""6."2 1.3 0.6 15.4 14.4 35.0 31.4 17.0 10.0 0.7 1.8 1.5 1.1 4.1 49.2 26.4 26.9 9.5 11.3 28.9 2.1 2.4 6.9 5.6 'ie.'s 23.8 84.1 20.0 18.3 'is.'o 35.4 42.5 acts. 13.8 13.7 7.1 15.6 29.1 30.8 9.7 25.9 milk. 24 Cars and general shop construc- 44.8 78.6 52.5 tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. 6.9 15.0 8.2 38.8 48.6 76.2 10.3 76.6 40.8 55.8 33.9 Printing and publishing 44.0 86.9 67.0 26.3 22.1 26.8 21.) 6.9 9.4 Wood, turned and carved Woolen and worsted goods All other industries . Confectionery 1 7.6 2.7 2.7 85.5 88.5 1.5 2.4 8.3 24.2 18.3 14.5 11.5 8.8 7.4 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 53.1 8.5 15.9 15.0 28.1 12.9 24.9 29.3 52.3 55 5 4.7 5.5 10.6 10.8 14.1 33.0 24.0 14.4 Foundry and machine-shop products. 7.4 18.1 14.1 18.1 26.9 381.1 41.3 15.9, Engines and power. — Table 21 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for aU industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors, classified according to their character, employed in generating power (including electric motors operated by purchased current). It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated by the establishments reporting. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 14,492 horsepower, or 9.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due to the increase in rented power. The use of rented power, almost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when 5,871 horsepower Digitized by IVIicrosoft® of this character, representing 4.2 per cent of the total primary power, was reported. In 1909 the amount of such power had increased to 13,556 horsepower, or 8.5 per cent of the total, and in 1914, to 28,376 horsepower, or 16.3 per cent of the total. The increase in the use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments has kept pace with that in rented power. The increase in rented power no doubt has some in- fluence on owned power, the total for which decreased from 145,889 horsepower in 1909 to 145,561 in 1914. This decrease is due to the falling off in steam power, there having been a small increase during this period MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1531 in the power developed by water wheels, turbines, and motors, and internal-combustion engiaes. For steam and for water power there were decided increasea in the average capacity of the engines and water wheels and motors, but the capacity of the intemal-combus- tiqji engiaes remained practically the same. Table 21 NUMBER OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. HORSEPOWER. POWEE. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 Primary power, total 3,960 3,256 2,217 173,937 159,445 140,616 100.0 100.0 100.0 Owned 1,870 864 160 846 2,090 2,090 2,416 1,167 161 1,088 840 840 2,217 996 101 1,120 8 145,561' 62,860 2,301 80,400 28,376 27,477 899 145,889 64,667 2,160 79,062 13,556 12,917 639 134,745 67,025 1,483 76,237 5,871 4,550 1,321 83.7 36.1 1.3 46.2 16.3 15.8 0.5 91.5 40.6 1.4 49.6 8.S 8.1 0.4 95.8 Steam engines and turbines i 40.5 Internal-combustion engines 1.1 Water wheels, turbines, and motors * 64.2 Rented 4.2 Electric 3.2 Otlier 0.9 Electric 3,030 2,090 940 1,512 840 672 110 «uo 47, 161 27,477 19,684 21,233 12,917 8,316 7,238 4,550 2,688 100.0 68.3 41.7 100.0 60.8 39.2 100.0 Rented .62.9 Generated by establisliments reporting 37.1 • Figures for horsepower include tor 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the head of "other" owned power. Fuel. — Closely related to the kind of power employed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed ia gener- ating this power or otherwise used in the manufactur- ing processes. ' Not reported. Table 22 shows the quantity of each kind of fue used, for which statistics were required, for all indus- tries combined and for certain selected industries separately, for 1914. Table Z2 DTOtrSTRT AND CITT. All industries Agricultural implements Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-rauroad companies Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and macliine-shop products Gas, Illuminating and heating Hosiery and knit goods Lumber and timber products An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 50, 146 1,342 2,365 1,188 124 2,499 3,185 22 116 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2.000 lbs.). 203,409 1,435 367 11,965 13,322 340 5,593 3,829 5,158 2,757 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 6,824 288 65 261 2,038 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 22,454 3,322 35 138 533 554 14,004 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 7,528 INDUSTRY AND CITT. Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Woolen and worsted goods All other industries Total for cities Barre Burlington Rutland An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 5,053 21,920 180 11,514 9,782 2,235 4,070 3,477 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 39,676 44,303 32,936 41,738 26,187 8,053 11,001 7,133 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 414 2,675 2,887 Oil, includ- ing gaso- line (bar- rels). 474 8,965 1,775 6,962 228 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 66 5,087 5,095 2,163 2,063 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1532 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries tha Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for four important indus- tries in Vermont are here presented. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^Vermont is one of the leading dairy-product states, ranking fourteenth in value of products in 1914 and tenth in 1909. Table 23 gives the quantity and value of prod- ucts for the industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 33 1914 1909 19041 Total value . . . $8,695,915 38,112,239 36,416,434 Butter: Packed solid- Pounds 9, 999, 182 $2,991,678 11,077,765 33,451,205 10, 130, 732 3517, 729 2,114,221 3337,372 408,716 $41,681 16,887,549 $1,200,713 3155,637 12,589,015 $3,673,807 7,638,480 32,348,259 4,502,709 $600,393 2,576,073 3378,057 186,583 317, 721 13,342,666 $975,663 $118,339 16 210 831 Value - 33,409,092 11,046,043 $2,435,062 571 402 Prints or rolls— PmiTiiic! Value.. Cream sold: Pounds Value $65j522 4 271 IfiO Cheese: Full cream — Pounds Value $416, 786 72,000 $10,800 379,182 Other kinds- Value Condensed and evaporated milk: Value All other butter, cheese, and condensed- milk factory products, value . . . 1 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. The number of establishments, as shown in Table 31, decreased at each successive census, being 220, 186, and 173 at the censuses of 1904, 1909, and 1914, respectively. This decrease is accounted for largely by the decrease in the manufacture of cheese in the state, and also, to some extent, by a tendency toward consohdation in the dairy industry as a whole. The total value of products shows an increase of $1,695,805, or 26.4 per cent, from 1904 to 1909, and of $583,676, or 7.2 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The fact should not be overlooked, however, that the total for 1904 is exclusive of the value of products for one establishment, as noted on the table. For the decade 1904-1914 there was a decrease of 6,179,927 pounds, or 22.7 per cent, in the total quan- tity of butter manufactured, but an increase of $598,739, or 10.2 per cent, in its value. The decrease in quantity was confined to butter packed solid, there having been an iacrease during the decade of 31,722 pounds in prints or rolls. For the five-year period 1909-1914 both the quantity and value decreased for butter packed solid but increased for prints or rolls. There was a decrease in the quantity and value of full-cream cheese, 1904 to 1909, and 1909 to 1914. The "other kinds" which include "^MW^p/^BfT^ cream," and "cottage cheese," although compara- tively unimportant, increased at each succeeding census. The production of cottage cheese as a primary manufacture is not confined to the establishments shown in this table, since this kind of cheese is more frequently reported by them as a by-product. The manufacture of condensed milk can not be shown separately for 1904 because of the liability of disclosiug the operations of individual establishments, but for the five-year period 1909-1914 there was an increase of 3,544,883 pounds, or 26.6 per cent, in the quantity, and $225,060, or 23.1 per cent, in its value. Paper and wood pulp. — Table 24 shows the quan- tities and cost of the principal materials used and the quantities and values of the various products of the paper and pulp miUs of Vermont, as reported at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also gives the nxmaber and daily capacity of the paper machines used and the yearly capacity of both pulp and paper mills. Table 34 1914 1909 1904 MATEEULS. Total cost $3,004,365 $2,455,355 32, 539, 766 Pulp wood: Cords 65,813 $677,217 27,000 3900,861 8,910 3179,754 13,018 $511, 158 5,072 $209,949 7,874 $121,834 $1,304,453 34,776,387 $708,618 24,304 3790, 412 'll,556 $253, 778 11,577 3484, 328 1,171 $52,306 2,370 $52,994 $903,331 33,901,634 75,139 3562,444 22 968 Wood pulp, purchased, total: Tons Cost . . $628,844 11,426 $212,240 11,220 $402, 740 322 Ground, including mechanical screenings- Tons. . Cost Sulphite fiber- Cost other chemical fiber- Tons Cost $13,864 5,148 $118,287 31,230,191 $3 831 448 Old or waste paper: Tons PRODUCTS. Total value News paper: 31,223 $1,353,012 11,948 $689, 131 7,244 3246,135 2,202 $179,284 19,929 $373,891 31,934,934 16 208 21 102 97, 194 85,606 16, 455 3688,363 16,323 $860,818 3,685 $159, 452 3,500 $331,013 30,543 3542,348 31,319,640 12 150 20 88 77,661 71,719 34,396 $1,397,204 17 633 Value Wrapping paper: Value 3891^106 4,599 3183, 764 3,045 $274,411 23 529 Boards: Tons Value Tissue paper: Value Ground wood pulp produced tor sale or for use in establishments other than where manu- factured: Value $343,386 $741,577 MACHINEKY. Paper machines: Fourdiinler— Capacity In tons of paper, 24 hours Cylinder- Number 209 21 73 96,809 84 742 Capacity in tons of paper, 24 hours Yearly capacity of mills in pulp, tons Yearly capacity of mills in paper, tons Microsoft® 1 Not reported. MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. 1533 The total value of all products for tke industry was $4,776,387 in 1914 and $3,831,448 in 1904, the increase during the decade being $944,939, or 24.7 per cent. The pulp wood used in the pulp mills in 1914 consisted principally of spruce, with small quantities of balsam fir, poplar, and hemlock. The number of cords of pulp wood consumed in 1914 showed a decrease as com- pared with the consumption in 1904, although there was a considerable increase in its cost. Wood pulp purchased aggregated 27,000 tons in 1914, sulphite fiber representing 48.2 per cent of the total quantity and 56.7 per cent of the total cost. "Other chemical fiber" includes soda and sulphate fiber, the latter being the more important. The large amount reported under "all other materials" includes the cost of rags, raanila stock, chemicals, sizing, fuel, rent of power, and freight. News paper was the priucipal product in both 1914 and 1904. There was a decrease, however, during the decade, of 3,173 tons, or 9.2 percent, in quantity, and $44,192, or 3.2 per cent, in value. For the five-year period, 1904-1909, this product showed a decrease of 17,941 tons, or 52.2 per cent, in quantity, and $708,841, or 50.7 pBr cent, in value. For the five-year period, 1909-1914, however, the quantity increased 14,768 tons, or 89.7 per cent, and the value $664,649, or 96.6 per cent. Wrapping paper and tissue paper each showed decreases both in quantity and value during the five-year period 1909-1914. Boards decreased in quantity and value from 1904 to 1909 but increased from 1909 to 1914, the increase for the decade being 57.5 per cent in quantity and 33.9 per cent in value. Ground wood pulp, for use in establishments other than those in which produced, increased in quantity and value from 1904 to~-1909 and decreased in each respect from 1909 to 1914. For the decade 1904-1914, however, although there was a decrease in quantity of 3,600 tons, the value increased $30,505. The total quantity of wood pUlp manufactured in the state in 1914, including that used in the mills where produced, aggregated 63,004 tons, of which ground wood pulp represented 86.3 per cent. The item "aU other -products" includes fine paper, hanging paper, coated book paper, cardboard, bristol board, sxilphite fiber, screenings, and products other than paper and pulp manufactured by the paper and pulp miUs of the state as subsidiary products. The capacity of both the pxdp mills and the paper miUs in 1914 shows a small increase as compared with 1904. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 25 gives the quantities and values of flour-miU and gristmiU products for the last three census years. Vermont was the only New England state not show- ing a decrease in the total value of products in this industry between 1909 and 1914. The increase, how- ever, was small — $9,517, or only two-tenths of 1 per cent. As will be seen by the table, cocn, meal and feed formed the major part of the total pv quantity and value. These two classes of products are so -closely allied in their general uses, corn meal being used both for human and animal consumption, and are so reported by many establishments that they may with propriety be considered together; and when thus combined they represent 97.9 per cent of the total value of products in 1914 and 97.8 per cent in 1909. The other items shown in the table are unim- portant in Vermont, both as to quantities and values. The equipment reported for 1914 consisted of 30 stands of rolls, 75 runs of stone, and 130 attrition mills. Comparable statistics for 1909 are not available. Table 35 1914 1909 1904 $4,142,854 $4,133,337 $3,206,075 Wheat flour: Barrels - . . 3,133 $17,467 144 $580 456,333 $13, 844 468,617 $1,453,199 710 $20, 230 82, 074 $2,604,409 $6,041 S2, 100 $19,254 $5,730 169 $1,014 404 •$1,406 363,550 $9,376 863,051 $2,511,964 12 $433 48,850 $1,528,928 $54,185 3,026 $14,664 365 Kye flour; Value $1,594 196,350 Buckwheat flour: Value $5,825 909, 760 Corn meal and corn flour: Barrels Value $2,109,276 168 Bran and middlings: Tons Value $3,380 40, 461 Feed and oflal: Tons Value $l,032,7ia Barley meal, value . . . . Oatmeal, value $26,031 $38,624 Woolen and worsted goods. — Table 26 shows, in considerable detail, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the quantities and cost of materials used in this industry and the quantities and values of the principal products. Table Z6 MATERIALS USED. Total cost.. Wool (in condition purchased) : Pounds , Cost Equivalent in scoured condition (pounds) .- Rags, tailor's clippings, etc.: ' Pounds Cost Recovered wool fiber: Pounds Cost Cotton: Pounds Cost Yarns, purchased: Pounds Cost Chemicals and dyestuffs, cost. Fuel and rent of power, cost . . All other materials, cost PKODUCTS. Total value All-wool woven goods: Square yards Value Cotton-mixed woven goods: Square yards Value Cotton-warp woven goods: Square yards Value ii/^jomff0#©^^"'- 1914 $2,988,612 1, 567, 230 $676,918 1,513,524 1,976,280 $166,454 777, 810 $90, 480 505, 854 $69, 781 979, 106 $632, 519 $161, 674 $137, 9S6 $1,152,800 $4,634,593 4, 711, 090 $2,772,917 2, 281, 201 $756,990 3, 416, 756 $683,737 ■$420,949 1909 $2,879,001 1,620,956 $677,308 1, 165, 432 1,823,286 $140,386 824, 259 $120, 774 184,954 $30,230 1,895,180 $1,083,028 $161, 176 $145,331 $520, 769 $4,496,903 4,744,694 $2, 899, 133 2,273,010 $535,664 2,676,701 $996,382 $65,724 1904 $2, 794, 111 3, 264, 133 $973, 988 2,004,874 2,120,824 $229, 990 991, 608 $163,345 1, 057, 280 $135, 705 1,316,052 $363, 872 $172, 971 $116,337 $648, 903 $4, 698, 405 4, 836, 185 $2, 738, 140 2,727,203 $819, 784 3,376,997 $1, 131, 645 $8,836 1534 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. As shown in Table 31, there were 17 establishments engaged in this industry in Vermont at each of the three censuses. Although a small increase in the cost of materials was shown at each successive census, the total value of products decreased slightly from 1904 to 1909 but increased from 1909 to 1914, so that the total decrease for the decade was $63,812, or 1.4 per cent. In 1904 the cost of wool represented more than one- third of the total cost of materials, but in 1909 and. 1914 this item formed less than one-fourth of the total "Yarns, purchased" increased in cost and quantity from 1904 to 1909 but decreased from 1909 to 1914, showing, however, an increase in cost for the decade. Of the total cost of all materials, purchased yarns formed 37.6 per cent in 1909, as compared with 13 per cent in 1904, and 17.8 per cent in 1914. The value of all-wool woven goods formed more than one-half, the total value of products at each of the three censuses, 59.8 per cent in 1914, 64.5 per cent in 1909, and 68.3 per cent in 1904. There have been increeises from census to census in the numbers of producing spindles and of looms in the state. The number of spindles increased from 50,738 in 1904 to 51,404 in 1909 and to 62,864 in 1914, and the number of looms from 965 in 1904 to 1,297 in 1909 and to 1,300 in 1914. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for man- ufacturing industries. Table 27, however, summarizes these statistics for Vermont for 1914 and 1909 : Table 27 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital - Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Eent and taxes (including internal revenue). . . Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDEIES. Number or amount. 1914 41 441 49 14 378 518 $233,682 153,642 7,628 146,014 3,560 10,309 63,214 362,041 1909 342 37 349 $144,393 104,769 3,024 101,745 233 7,4'0 32, 217 243.753 Percent of in- crease, 1909- 1914.1 28.9 26.4 48.4 61.8 46.6 152.2 43.5 1,427.9 38.0 96.2 48.5 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In both 1914 and 1909 Vermont ranked forty-fifth among the states in amount received for work done and forty-fourth in number of persons engaged in the indus- try, the latter rank being the same as that of the state in estimated population in 1914. The foregoing sum- mary shows increases for all items given, that for amount received for work done being $118,288, or 48.5 per cent. No laundries were reported as under corpo- rate ownership at either census, most of them — 34 in 1914 and 27 in 1909 — being owned by individuals, and the remamder — 7 and 5, respectfully Y=^lP/^i»S!;.,;C^Pfl>rit as under "All other" forms of ownership. Establish- ments owned by individuals also reported the greater part of the amount received for work done, 80.5 per cent in 1914 and 69.5 per cent in 1909. Table 28 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed- in the laundries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. It will be noted, however, that in the monthly employment of wage earners there was a much greater variation in 1909 than in 1914. Table 28 January... February.. March April May June July. August September October... November. December. WAGE EAENEES. Number. 1914 364 363 374 384 400 401 393 386 377 274 269 270 285 296 315 337 331 313 309 290 295 Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 90.8 90.5 91.3 92.0 93.3 95.8 99.8 100.0 98.0 96.3 94.0 92.0 1909 81.3 79.8 80.1 84.6 87.8 93.5 100.0 98.2 92.9 91.7 86.1 87.5 Table 29 gives the kinds of power used in the laun- dries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 29 NUMBEB OF HOBSEPOWEK. POVEE. M0I0E3. Amount. Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914.> 1914 1909 1914 1909 Primary power, total 66 39 518 349 48.4 28 27 1 29 25 2 2 10 10 415 413 2 163 103 296 263 11 22 53 43 10 40.2 Steam 57 Water wh.eels and motors Rented 28 28 Other Generated in establishments reporting 16 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 30 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 30 Unit. QUANTITY. Percent of in- KINB. 1914 1909 crease, 1909- 1914.1 Tons, 2,240 lbs.... Tons, 2,000 lbs.... Tons, 2,000 lbs.... Barrels 360 3,481 104 18 1,056 313 2,225 24 63 1,070 218 15 Bituminous coal 56 4 Coke Oil, including gasoline 1,000 cubic feet... Cords -1.3 Wood^ 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omittted where base is less ian 100. r< ..^^ he census of 1914. MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. ] 535 GENERAL TABLES. Table 31 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state; and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabit- ants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 32 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown with- out the disclosure of individual operations, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the three cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 31.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDtrSTEY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,772 1,958 1,699 32,704 33,788 33,106 173,937 159,445 140,616 S18,617 17,272 15,221 S42,706 34,823 32,4,30 $76,991 68,310 63,084 Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture 51914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 40 56 60 15 19 123 1,873 1,860 1,818 1,035 1,119 1,112 5,080 4,519 2,879 3,241 2,767 3,298 SI, 088 l-,085 992 514 498 424 $1,062 1,335 943 754 703 708 $3,428 3,755 3,379 Agricultural implements.. 9 11 10 311 360 247 1,245 1,194 666 182 185 114 310 -272 182 696 582 442 1,643 1,618 1,533 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 85 75 57 357 242 187 264 136 63 204 121 84 813 624 277 1,403 994 499 Gas, illuminating and heating. 1914 1909 1904 9 9 6 59 70 29 1,543 163 187 32 43 13 122 100 38 337 278 129 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 1904 173 186 1220 471 519 419 2,701 2,944 2,664 314 292 223 7,976 7,056 5^816 8,696 8,112 6,416 Hosiery and knit goods 1914 1909 1904 7 8 - 11 963 946 916 870 962 1,351 484 411 366 1,404 1,089 1,216 2,146 1,789 1,965 Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. 1914 1909 1904 6 8 7 95 118 57 296 240 124 33 46 17 228 214 63 402 330 123 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. «1014 1909 1904 616 693 493 4,108 4,790 5,614 38,956 41,937 39,009 2,100 2,013 2,343 3,981 4,131 4,656 8,768 8,598 9,477 Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-raihroad 1914 1909 1904 S 7 6 1,345 992 833 1,488 965 1,010 727 548 450 577 529 377 1,355 1,135 860 Marble and stone work 1914 1909 1904 276 342 229 9,018 10,411 •8,097 34,012 29,107 14,832 6,004 6,404 4,455 3,684 2,518 2,010 12,605 12,395 9,570 Clothing, men's, including shirts. 1914 1909 1904 10 11 n 988 1,281 1 268 297 323 432 420 404 337 736 591 597 1,442 1,274 1,206 691 503 722 Musical instruments, pianos and organs and materials. 1914 1909 41904 5 4 546 610 1,485 1,966 331 327 606 402 1,070 1,268 Clothing, women's 1914 1909 1904 7 6 8 387 333 546 203 150 233 125 110 179 353 285 424 Paper and veood pulp 1914 1909 1904 23 25 28 1,264 1,030 1,280 42,066 38,191 42,952 811 594 617 3,004 2,455 2,540 4,776 3,902 3,831 1914 1909 1904 4 10 4 151 145 128 172 112 110 59 45 40 251 214 136 400 356 246 Patent medicines and compounds. 1914 1909 1904 12 15 ■20 119 161 198 283 333 268 57 68 81 327 586 370 1,019 1,290 1,398 Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specined. 1914 1909 1904 15 25 23 260 635 471 1,457 2,203 1,587 112 263 166 107 240 150 322 693 445 Printing and publishing... '1914 1909 1904 111 115 8 104 651 668 604 784 625 420 409 326 271 297 250 236 1,243 1,039 932 Copper, tin, and sheet- tton products. n914 1909 1904 17 19 = 5 113 149 73 122 240 12 72 78 39 281 205 34 478 425 135 Wood, turned and carved.. 1914 1909 <1904 33 31 361 390 2,595 1,988 161 153 166 178 414 463 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 125 133 109 179 156 185 7,355 8,714 7,043 105 76 91 3,659 3,528 2,872 4,143 4,133 3,206 Woolen and" worsted goods. 1914 1909 1904 17 17 17 2,226 2,294 2,235 8,841 7,213 7,120 1,167 1,043 923 2,989 2,879 2,794 4,635 4,497 4,698 1914 1909 11304 11 5 141 33 1,123 219 81 15 3,021 365 3,498 492 All other industries 1914 1909 1904 241 228 248 5,683 4,478 6,789 17,458 12,244 14,456 3,025 2,126 2,996 6,098 4,074 5,991 11,362 8,4g2 11 848 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Babre . BUELINGTON . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 110 139 105 87 82 67 2,366 2,340 2,198 2,132 2,371 2,300 5,975 4,645 8,004 8,359 $1,904 1,814 1,515 1,030 991 $1,336 1,108 909 4,109 4,130 3,804 $4,292 3,852 3,373 6,637 6,800 6,356 EUTLAND. 1914 1909 1904 1,771 1,636 1,803 3,159 1,862 1,0,55 763 857 1,610 1,207 1,162 3,277 2,680 2,623 ' Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "tinware." ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Figures not available. , „ ^ , _ . 6 Includes " engines, steam, gas, and water," " hardware," " hardware, saddlery," and steam nttmgs and steam and hot-water heating apparatus." « Includes " boxes, wooden packing," " lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills," and " pulp wood." 7 Includes " printing and publishing, book and JOD," and " prmting and publishing, newspapers and periodicals." Digitized by Microsoft® 1536 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. Table 32 DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, INDUSTKT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 19, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, super- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEiES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. 1 1,772 37,217 1,787 969 1,171 586 32,704 Ap 34, 194 Au 31,213 m m (=) rt (=). $79,8.16,775 Agricultural implements ? '9 3 5 3 16 85 4 143 6 31 27 4 8 5 27 6 7 3 10 14 125 11 34 30 15 9 7 8 443 60 276 221 33 22 17 7 23 13 4 6 12 3 55 56 8 42 6 7 3 7 4 3 352 22 59 51 494 482 52 504 113 94 78 16 22 1,399 38 499 446 135 216 193 23 219 148 1,025 351 202 68 134 1,968 1,790 178 1,116 99 989 149 3,749 655 9,915 7,966 1,566 383 58 256 1,393 424 110 859 203 11 382 506 149 340 17 21 9 22 639 38 5 6 8 1 18 96 2 84 6 34 30 4 12 3 3 7 7 19 ""i54' 3 2 1 17 15 2 6 7 8 511 61 369 300 44 25 20 4 15 12 3 11 1 57 45 4 41 11 3 8 ...... 15 1 1 2 22 9 2 45 8 15 2 ...... 5 . 9 ■"ie" 4 6 ""2 1 6 12 1 29 311 13 48 46 443 357 47 330 95 60 48 , 12 21 1,345 23 462 387 118 165 15,1 14 199 83 992 179 141 45 96 1,752 1,586 166 1,036 69 963 132 3,127 528 9,018 7,227 1,460 331 31 230 1,264 362 99 803 119 10 297 354 110 244 Ja Je Mh< De No Au Je Jy Se 336 18 55 61 483 378 118 379 565 Jy 238 Ja 9 De* 42 Oc 38 Ja 40O Fe 335 Mh 8 De 278 Ja 5 324 13 42 46 498 355 118 337 540 72 62 20 21 1,380 28 472 438 104 182 169 13 210 110 1,038 179 143 52 91 1,722 1,649 173 1,004 57 814 135 4,621 650 8,744 6,817 1.576 ■351 33 226 1,366 369 98 899 122 16 292 353 108 245 316 2 42 19 466 295 118 328 345 72 52 20 21 1,380 27 42 37 95 82 69 13 209 110 632 178 128 40 88 1,702 1,531 171 977 57 293 135 4,618 649 8,735 6,812 1,572 351 31 226 1,300 313 98 889 54 16 229 268 95 173 8 3 1,059,345 49,089 48,600 24,616 1,057,677 479,832 92,649 963.623 297; 806 157,133 126,410 30,723 69,418 710,439 76,932 628,830 408,377 538,232 310,659 289, 141 21,418 303,002 385,286 2,570,201 1,600,167 821,746 214,759 606,987 6,762,563 6,596,392 156,171 2.006,300 2,443,740 1,394,600 307,654 6,581,485 1,615.237 12,976,011 11,699,348 693, 762 682,911 93,905 852,408 9,724,146 1,430,974 600,914 7,692,267 748,585 35,100 473,468 797,339 323,547 , 463,317 10,475 71,796 19,456 10,677 212,032 99,882 <1 Awnings, tents, and sails.. 4 4 4 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. . ■RnyftS nnH p.si,rtnTl 40O ■"15' 12 3 20 18 2 22 6 1 1 26 27 Flour -mill and gristmill products Foodpreparations,not elsewhere spec- W Je Se« 60 105 De 32 Je 87 29 an Foundry and machine-shop products. Machine shops 31 De Mh Se My No ■^P Au 1,730 238 1,123 63 1,090 144 3,727 569 No 1,392 Au 82 De 945 De< 57 Se 796 Fe 110 Au 2,440 De 490 32 Foundries 33 34 Furniture, wood, other than rattan and willow. 5 '^'i TTnpiPTy fiTid Vnit J^nnds 618 2 1 36 Lime 37 Lumber and timber products 1 1 3 3 2 38 Lumber, planing-miU products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work '. 39 6 2 4 411 Marble and stone work. . Au Se Ja Jy Au 7,482 1,.539 365 50 278 De 6,688 Fe 1,334 De 294 Ja 12 Fe 154 41 42 Roofing slate Slate, other than roofing 43 Mineral and soda waters 2 44 Minerals and earths, ground 4.'i Paper and wood pulp 66 56 46 Paper mills Oc ^P Se Mh My My 393 122 973 126 18 309 Au 318 Au 76 Mh 722 Au 111 Des Au 288 47 Pulp mills 48 Paper and pulp mills 10 68 49 Patent medicines and compounds Paving materials Ft) 51 52 Printing and publishing, book^djob. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing 16 33 9 20 4 3 36 20 14 2 9 38 6 21 11 62 86 13 72 1 ,W My Ja 307 2 Au 286 Jy 2 54 Printing, publishing and j ob print- ing. Pulp wood 55 56 10 6 13 526 30 Fe Ja Fe 27 6 16 618 47 Ja5 i2^ 1? Oc 288 Se 22 21 6 12 447 28 21 6 12 86 25 67 Pumps, not including power pumps... Saddlery and harness bS 1 5 2 hV Shirts 3 5 1 358 3 2 1 60 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Owned power only. ■5 Includes rented power, other than electric. a No figures given for reasons stated under *' Explanation of terms." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. AND FOE CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1537 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tiou en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Electric (rent- ed). -THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. 11,778,963 31,504 1,600 4S6 1,903 24.213 10,812 2,400 35,556 9,095 811 31,346 413 24,370 26,215 8,408 7,929 7,429 500 4,200 7,400 34,368 2,248 69,330 18,400 50,930 157,251 147,276 9,975 67,850 23,460 23,876 6,120 100,828 39,366 293,564 242,490 35,164 15,910 78a 23,698 133,016 75,046 8,023 49,947 41,575 "23,"6i6' 51,888 $1,605,624 818,617,075 16,147 30,041 6,700 1,020 11,510 2,690 14,445 2,200 1,216 £26 7,590 14,377 400 15,108 4,627 18,866 21,084 41,049 11,305 23,063 22,543 520 3,541 34,228 9,345 5,203 52, 377 30,922 21,455 141,940 139,184 2,756 44,405 10,902 11,499 2,000 52,489 43,764 293,803 259,379 28,901 5,523 3,452 11,812 61,054 19,005 2,924 39,125 115,669 "io/eo?' 48,016 20,340 21,104 6,572 6,651 804 182,488 8,348 21,310 18,005 205,676 203,523 25,504 220, 856 32, 877 36,034 28,996 7,038 13,563 727,041 14,105 176,681 125,227 78,602 65,972 59,106 6,866 86,124 55,310 450,152 105,051 81,116 25,083 56,033 1,029,456 920,689 108, 767 •614,422 32,406 483,818 63,946 1,598,720 - 291,079 6,004,024 5,065,001 752,262 186,761 19,576 143,310 811, 124 204,654 56,284 550,186 57,343 6,121 220,325 90,464 129,861 51,162,281 12,293 4,697 4.903 7,662 243,469 16,299 11,730 31,705 1,197 1,113 22,400 500 90 90 328 200 8,291 290 824,254 9,520 102,267 97,937 4,121 209 S258, 703 3,578 600 600 5,609 13,470 906 12,564 14,858 209 120 500 2,400 2,258. 19,326 ■500 5,666 1,120 1,125 1,075 50 2,960 372 657 2,340 1,300 1,040 1,004 6,187 6,600 3,764 2,836 7,488 6,408 1,080 1,362 10,935 '"4,' 552 70,565 52,953 14,813 2,799 2,204 80 35,887 18 35,869 3,036 'i4,'956' 9,761 3,650 5,627 484 100 ' Same number reported for one 82101°— 18 97 33,129 or more other months. 1,721 600 .5574,214 6,115 285 561 361 4,873 5,420 744 8,545 1,351 1,176 991 185 135 100 687 4,455 2,912 6,304 6,116 188 2,405 3,103 15,484 14,826 6,691 3,501 3,190 48, 869 46,213 2,656 12,874 10,832 9,154 1,883 66,605 17,652 840,886,894 90,904 84,744 3,639 2,521 967 1,920 56,895 13,461 3,101 40,333 7,986 281 2,849 4,309 81 261 93 1,125 936 278,547 19,381 10,074 22, 271 483,332 786,691 1,522 6,395,371 . 224,797 41,386 ,34,463 6,923 21,373 522,497 353,057 574,333 '349,116 1,148,998 301,411 246,72a 54,685 63,518 158, 194 891,442 3,646,025 3,007,256 421,948 2,585,308 904,016 834,213 69,803 730,489 25,984 1,373,040 37,024 2,021,761 1,407,541 3,261,209 3,028,958 96,189 136,062 32,007 49,057 2,676,802 1,051,913 149,596 1,475,293 317,262 850 135,754 139,898 50,647 89,251 81,818,826 24,296 19,507 16,188 154,075 114,359 31, 620 425 870 822 6,121 26,031 9,800 46,433 3,029 2,436 2,159 277 354 54,820 2,946 3,666 4,030 29,485 5,398 4,675 823 106 1,460 60,819 13,025 13,547 4,101 9,446 73,558 65,080 8,478 23,246 96,415 30,922 60,935 21,779 15,864 422,295 352,271 52,910 17,114 1,008 46,090 327,563 87, 496 2,523 237,544 9,561 735 7,499 13,641 5,632 8,009 336 86 4.433 6,890 876,990,974 696,294 38,097 47,835 51,175 842,270 1,402,663 51,305 6,917,182 402,330 117,835 100,235 17,600 1,354,671 398,450 952,413 691,201 1,380,283 498,302 399, 763 98,639 209,101 329,821 1,558,974 4,142,854 3,497,741 649,777 2,847,964 3,209,975 3,004,726 205,249 1,J42, 789 337,262 2,164,897 189,318 5,913,323 1,955,654 12,605,417 11,066,400 1,123,492 415,525 85,679 422,661 4,776,387 1,613,028 240,472 2,922,887 •1,018,651 13,855 508,659 734,386 284,487 411,831 38,067 57,206 30,326 31,544 489,530 147,918 834,285,254 386, 127 18,291 36,891 28,082 352,817 589,941 39,983 475,378 174,604 74,013 63,613 10,400 14,609 777,354 42,447 374,514 338,066 201,800 191,493 148,462 43,031 145,477 170,167 606, 713 483,804 476,938 223,728 263,210 2,232,401 2,105,433 126,968 889,054 214,863 760,935 91,369 3,869,783 632,249 8,921,913 7,685,171 974,393 262,349 62,564 327,514 1,772,022 473,619 88,363 1,210,050 691,828 12,270 365,306 580,846 228,208 314, 571 38,067 32,910 10,483 15,270 331,022 26,669 5 None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 173,937 1,246 9 255 20 1,397 264 125 2,338 349 318 31 10 1,488 106 89 203 257 191 172 19 ,138 i,933 ',355 ,123 267 866 1,543 870 149 623 34,012 27,981 4,621 1,410 52 1,427 42,066 4,562 7,226 30,279 283 105 313 471 206 266 17 2 208 79 62,860 285 130 15 1,067 38 70 1,570 227 3,200 80 70 246 140 140 2,613 278 176 175 2,203 2,078 125 2,498 1,480 515 119 18,032 2,191 9,219 6,958 2,881 380 20 645 5,321 1,390 326 3,606 6 30 70 37 131 4 102 96 16 494 109 109 109 69 40 10 666 97 161 133 8 10 12 100 500 500 30 80,400 410 "lis "208 372 172 172 460 1,360 6,742 1,169 1,064 115 410 234 14,030 730 12,322 11,969 363 2 80 36,596 2,110 6,900 26,585 150 7 67 27,477 525 9 10 5 185 55 265 10 970 841 82 757 1,383 1,348 35 333 63 121 20 1,308 606 12,320 9,931 1,732 657 18 702 660 662 123 76 291 374 179 195 19,684 15 26 3 242 11 140 366 160 '753 10,836 10,830 35 2,319 30 455 1,834 160 ' Same number reported throughout the year. 1538 MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. Table 32.— DETAILED STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, super- m- tend- ents and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- num- ber. Number, 15tli day of- Maximum month. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY, Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 Tobacco, cigars 25 5 4 16 3 33 8 17 90 82 244 175 32 142 415 75 2,372 4,679 26 1 6 16 1 41 7 4 58 3 10 6 1 7 9 5 49 125 2 10 2 1 3 3 "'69' 273 ...... 2 ...... 1 2 24 105 61 215 160 14 129 361 61 2,226 4,118 Se Ja Oc Oo Jes Fe My De 69 244 188 43 134 417. 63 2,929 Ja Oc Au De Fe Fe 34 190 135 5 119 324 • 58 1,843 56 191 154 39 128 405 62 3,062 48 173 105 35 118 383 42 2,230 7 18 49- "'io' 20 20 831 J42,210 379,115 204,263 77,624 300,108 470,928 97,518 6,258,265 13,159,112 ■?. Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 Toys and games 4 Vinegar and cider 4 5 Window shades and fixtures 6 Wood, turned and carved 2 7 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Woolen and worsted goods 8 1 9 CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED: 1914. Baere Burlington. Rutland 110 2,677 157 67 78 9 2,366 87 2,500 64 100 129 75 2,132 65 2,035 59 71 98 36 1,771 Sn> 2,425 No 2,188 i'e 1,910 Fe3 2,243 Au 2,025 De 1,565 2,415 2,243 1,843 2,404 1,528 1,593 713 240 S2, 597, 702 6,224,743 3,978,211 > Owned power only. *AI1 other industries embrace — Ammunition 1 Artificial stone products 1 Automobile bodies and parts 1 Bags, other than paper 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 2 Boots and shoes , 4 Boxes, cigar 1 Brass, bronze, and copper products 2 Brushes 3 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Carpets, rag 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations 1 Coflee, roasting and grmding 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Collars and cufis, men's 1 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Dairymen's supplies 5 Electrical macnmery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplatrog 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Fancy micles, not elsewhere specified 2 Flavoring extracts 2 Fur goods 2 Furnishing goods, men's 3 Grease and tallow 1 Hand stamps 1 Hardware 2 Hardware, saddlery L Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VERMONT. AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1539 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration moome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- ' tors." Electric (rent- ed). / THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $3,640 22,582 7,480 600 8,720 13,250 7 244 IO0J097 278,741 SI, 560 10,885 2,861 1,780 3,640 2,138 708 81,346 360,781 $28,640 107,641 65,519 6,226 54,169 161,257 25,975 1,167,272 2,325,031 $2,447 1,500 58,610 2,073 $2,781 $9,277 576 6,306 1,238 1,528 67 639 2,318 2,009 993 4,712 1,780 630 1,690 39,960 20,735 78,132 $44,944 145, 281 49,076 28,387 151,143 161,526 42,244 2,860,616 4,671,967 S327 7,166 2,664 886 321 3,980 1,522 137,996 183,985 $106,602 364, 725 160,271 64,316 263, 161 413,764 112,936 4,634,693 8,928,437 $61,231 202,288 108,542 35,043 111,697 248,258 69, 170 1,645,981 4,072,485 1 715 330 486 321 2,595 319 8,841 9,834 400 250 99 185 1,535 100 5,210 4,791 272 85 884 125 3,576 1,585 1 103 80 48 41 150 42 3 3,162 1,656 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914. $103,816 188,430 134,291 $120, 761 226,268 110,328 $1,904,495 1,029,636 1,054,776 $20,718 9,606 1,090 $18,369 30,410 43,842 $21,315 68,846 27,338 $1,176,369 4,001,337 1,532,263 $160,093 107,267 77.593 $4,291,600 6,636,956 3,276,709 $2,956,148 2,628,352 1,666,863 6,J75 8,004 3,169 872 6,267 1,770 167 160 615 4,760 972 1,389 183 21 387 *A]1 other industries embrace — Continued. Bones and whetstones 1 House-furnishing goods 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Musical instruments, organs 2 Musical instruments, piano and organ materials 3 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified 2 Perfumery and cosmetics 1 Photographic apparatus 1 Pickles and preserves 2 ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Refrigerators 2 Scales and balances 3 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 2 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Soap 1 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Statuary and art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating ap- paratus 1 Stoves and ranges 1 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Upholstering materials, not elsewhere specified 1 Wall plaster 2 Window and door screens 1 Wirework 2 Wood distillation 1 Woolshoddy 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® .■.:.... Jl- ;.::::K- Digitized by IVIicrosoft® VIRGINIA. By W. G. Copley. GEITERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state.— Virginia, with a gross area of 42,627 square mUes, of which 40,262 rep- resent land surface, ranks thirty-third in size among the states. It was one of the original thirteen states and at the first census (1790) ranked first in popula- tion, with 747,610. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 1,854,184 and in 1910, 2,061,612, and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,150,000. In total popula- tion Virginia ranked twentieth ia 1910; and in den- sity of population it ranked fourteenth, with 51.2 in- habitants per square mile, the correspondiug figure for 1900 being 46.1. The urban population of the state in 1910 — that is, the population residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 476,529, or 23.1 per cent of the total, as against 18.3 per cent in 1900. There were in the state iu 1914, 10 cities each having an esti- mated population of more than 10,000, Alexandria, Danville, Lynchburg, Newport News, Norfolk, Peters- burg, Portsmouth, Richmond, Roanoke, and Staun- ton, but the statistics for Newport News are excluded from aU tables in order to avoid a possible disclosure of iadividual operations in that city. The remaining 9 cities, whose aggregate population in 1914 formed 18.8 per cent of the estimated population of Virginia, reported 48.8 per cent of the value of the state's man- ufactured products. The steam-railway mileage in 19.14, as reported by the Interstate Commerce Commission, was 4,611, and the electric-raUway mileage in 1912 (the latest year for which figures are available) was 528. Chesapeake Bay and the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, James, and Elizabeth Rivers together constitute a factor of great importance in the transportation system of the state. Agriculture is an important industry in Virginia. The total value of aU farm crops in 1909 was $100,- 531,157, the most important products being corn, $28,885,944, and tobacco, $12,169,086. The value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms during the same year was $28,982,606. The total value of the state's mineral products in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was $16,400,847, the leading item being bituminous coal, $8,032,448. The fishing industry is also important. In 1908 Virginia ranked second among the states in total value of all fishery products and third in value of oysters taken. The value of merchandise exported during the fiscal year 1914 from the four ports of the Virginia customs district was $25,625,255, and the value of merchan- dise imported through the same ports in -that year was $7,177,904. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The value of manufactured products of Virginia in 1914 was $264,039,041; the average number of wage earners employed in manufacturing industries, 102,820; and the value added by manufacture, $108,719,465. In 1914 the state ranked twentieth in value of products and seventeenth in the number of wage earners and eighteenth in value added by manufacture; whUe in 1909 it ranked twenty-second, sixteenth, and twen- tieth, respectively. The value of manufactured prod- ucts in Virginia in 1914 and 1909 represented 1.1 per cent of the total for the United States; the corre- sponding proportion for 1904 was 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important statistics relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of Virginia for the years 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase from cen- sus to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages , Salaries •. , Wages Paid for contract work » Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products , Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. 1914 S,S08 118,109 6,125 9,164 102, 820 337, 567 $261,501,288 66,118,282 11,244,847 44,873,435 1,893,922 9,373,527 155,319,576 264,039,041 108,719,465 1909 5,685 120, 797 6,570 8,551 105,676 283,928 $216,392,388 47,255,366 9, 100, 790 38,154,566 1,713,523 6,751,161 125,582,687 219, 793, 858 94,211,171 ^'f§ft'i^B4 °b^^ Mlcros^ti^ 1904 3,187 88,898 3,643 4,970 80, 286 176,998 $147,989,182 32, 817, 864 4, 874, 806 27,943,058 711,771 « 857, 071 83, 649, 149 148,856,526 65,207,376 1899 s. 3,186 3,828 66,223 136,696 $92, 299, 689 23, 903, 498 3, 629, 609 20,273,889 n 59, 359, 484 108,644,160 49,284,666 PER CENT OF INCREASE.l 1909-1914 -3.1 -2.2 -6.8 7.2 -2.7 18.9 20.8 18.8 23.6 17.6 10.5 38.8 23.7 20.1 15.1 1904-1909 78.4 35.9 80.3 72.1 31.6 60.4 46.2 44.0 86.7 36.5 140.7 60.1 47.7 44.5 1899-1904 m hot available. < Exclusive of internal revenue. (1541) 29.8 21.2 29.5 60.3 37.3 34.3 37.8 40.9 37.0 32.3 1542 MANUFACTUEES— VIRGINIA. This table shows an increase from census to census in the value of manufactured products of the state, although the percentage of increase was smallest for the five-year period 1909 to 1914. The number of establishments reported at the census of 1914 shows a decrease of 177, or 3.1 per cent, and the nxunber of persons engaged in manufactures, 2,688, or 2.2 per cent. These decreases are due pri- marily to the fact that at the census of 1909 reports were secured from a large number of small lumber mUls for which no returns were received in 1914. Mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for local consumption should not be included in the census, but it is not always possible to conduct the enumera- tion in regarj to these establishments on uniform lines at different censuses. • The decrease, therefore, in the number of establishments is no indication of a decrease in the manufactxu-ing activities of the state. The capital invested increased $45,108,900, or 20.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914; the average number of wage earners decreased 2,856, or 2.7 per cent; while the amount paid in wages increased $6,718,869, or 17.6 per cent; the increase in value of products was $44,245,183, or 20.1 per cent; and the value added by manufacture increased $14,308,294, or 15.4 per cent. The totals in this table do not include statistics for an establishment operated by the Federal Govern- ment, the United States navy yard at Portsmouth. In 1914 this plant employed an average of 2,386 wage earners, and the value of the work done was reported as $3,988,278. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufactxuing industries in 1914, and gives percent- ages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table S All industries., Liimber and timber products Tobacco manufactures Cars and general shop construction and repaurs by steam-railroad com- panies Flour-mill and gristmill products Fertilizers Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling Cotton goods Leather, tanned,curried, and finished. Printing and puLnshing. Foundry and machine-shi op products Paper and wood pulp Slaughtering and meat packing Iron and steel, blast lurnaces Boots and shoes Bread and other bakery products. Hosiery and knit goods Leather goods .■ . . Clothing, men's, including shirts Carriages and wagons and materials. Canning and preserving CENSUS OF 1514. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Cooperage Gas, illuminating and heating. Fuiiiture Confectionery Liquors, distilled Ice, manufactured Silk goods, including throwsters Dyestuffs and extracts Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Coke, not including gas-house coke. . Liquors, malt Brick, tile, and other clay products. Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Paying materials Lime Woolen goods Confectionery (ice cream). Boxes and cartons, paper. Glass Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases Butter Stoves and ranges All other industries 5,508 2,218 76 Wage earners. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 102, 820 26, 307 6,308 100.0 25.6 6.1 Value of products. Amount. 32 10,375 10.1 533 1,082 1.1 67 2,470 2.4 25 1,505 1.5 9 6,310 6.1 21 1,205 1.2 :m 2,790 2.7 103 2,444 2.4 8 1,260 1.2 21 396 0.4 8 689 0.7 8 1,655 1.5 140 1,033 1.0 13 2,272 2.2 51 1,428 1.4 32 1,282 1.2 119 1,246 1.2 443 2,169 2.1 110 1,390 1.4 22 633 0.5 38 1,221 1.2 32 480 0.5 47 123 0.1 87 714 0.7 9 691 0.7 13 429 0.4 37 528 0.5 11 852 0.8 6 310 0.3 64 1,663 1.6 76 1,260 1.2 88 290 0.3 9 75 0.1 21 642 0.6 34 694 0.7 12 431 0.4 34 137 0.1 14 499 0.6 4 606 0.6 5 213 0.2 13 90 0.1 5 324 0.3 404 14,499 14.1 1 Percentages are based on figures in Table 33; a minusMi o«n not be given. S264, 039, 041 32,449,063 30,095,813 18,216,066 18,084,413 11,360,120 10,981,159 10,216,185 9,834,439 7,069,844 6,906,122 5,501,084 4,362,-272 3,772,382 3,708,568 3,697,279 3,515,916 3,463,853 2, 766, 088 2,748,063 2,369,608 2,230,630 2,149,938 2,085,442 1, 952, 156 1,849,876 1,796,645 1,772,931 1, 676, 879 1,631,983 1,606,809 1,544,757 1,493,285 1, 404, 086 1, 198, 734 1, 137, 189 1, 135, 097 995, 361 789, 623 760,689 726, 430 690,420 670,609 607, 640 528, 447 40,509,069 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 12.3 11.4 6.9 6.9 4.3 4.2 3.9 3.7 2.7 2.6 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 '0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 15.3 Value added by manufacture. Amount. S108,719,465 19, 083, 983 17,993,876 7,454,475 2,694,903 3,364,199 1,463,083 4, 158, 884 1,616,401 5,003,272 3,341,436 2,077,553 636, 798 490, 386 1, 147, 244 1,509,650 1, 408, 176 1, 520, 797 973,416 1, 208, 791 727,578 821, 878 1,399,681 1,005,784 551, 443 1, 374, 743 1,294,939 679, 079 539, 003 630, 183 536,603 1,012,199 980, 709 1,015,942 616,224 218,866 580, 263 524,356 369, 788 329, 769 437,011 432,317 202, 086 131, 749 341, 661 14,828,359 Per cent distri- bu- tion. 100.0 17.6 16.6 2.6 3.1 1.3 3.8 1.5 4.6 3.1 1.9 0.6 0.4 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.8 1.3 0.9 0.5 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0,2 0.1 0.3 13.6 PEK CENT OF INCREASE.' .usMga^— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitfei Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1911 -2.7 -21.0 -20.0 36.7 6.7 26.3 -0.7 24.8 -24.2 9.2 -12.7 38.2 15.8 -47.8 18.7 32.5 -4.0 10.5 -6.2 16.6 76.4 41.0 23.3 40.8 -2.4 50.3 -15.6 24.0 -35.5 -40.2 -12.4 -20.4 -20.5 30.6 -3.1 -20.5 -10.6 15.6 69.0 -10.7 1904- 1909 119.9 -0.6 3.3 6.0 8.6 13.8 46.3 50.7 21.6 33.6 -8.2 116.5 22.1 52.9 9.1 30.2 -0.2 73.7 31.1 41.0 38.8 50.9 10.5 37.3 -18.4 30.3 30.1 6.4 170.0 111.4 71.3 -16.5 1.6 11.0 21.4 1899- 1904 21.2 4.5 -8.4 49.2 56.1 63.8 17.9 18.7 26.9 -32.2 34.5 -0.2 77.7 74.0 38.2 101.5 271.4 50.7 72.7 68.8 -9.3 38.5. -12.5 45.8 79.3 -41.7 Value of products. 1909- 1914 -9.5 18.6 83.0 2.8 41.3 38.4 36.4 19.0 31.7 20.6 50.4 -5.2 -30.0 33.7 42.8 -0.8 52.0 10.6 27.3 104.7 46.1 46.0 28.0 17.7 67.1 14.8 39.8 -20.3 -33.5 -4.4 -22.3 7.6 92.4 -5.7 16.2 ■20.9 75.8 1.2 206.0 1,281.8 22.7 1904- 1909 47.7 91.6 51.4 14.6 27.2 72.6 12.4 67.0 41.8 62.5 68.8 20.5 130.5 61.2 72.2 16.8 64.7 59.3 8.4 52.2 37.5 50.2 79.1 121.7 264.7 79.7 28.2 34.6 6.5 119.5 219.0 390.2 72.0 -20.1 27.5 24.2 61.8 120.0 27.2 1899- 1904 23.1 7.8 38.5 64.7 36.4 68.9 23.6 40.9 266.9 -48.' 6' 74.2 40.7 113.5 106.4 44.6 102.9 277,0 55.3 67.7 48.6 75.7 23.4 79. r 6.1 75.7 19.0 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 15.4 -13.] 26.8 58.6 10.7. 26.8 81.3 49.0 -11.3 26.2 29.5 37.7 17.1 -49.5 44.6 41.4 -4.4 47.6 0.6 12.6 92.1 34.5 40.9 30.6 12.5 48.0 27.4 4.9 -36.2 -10.2 -16.0 -30.5 6.4 77.5 -22.1 -5.8 -14.4 68.1 0.2 210.8 ,366.6 -22.4 1904- 1909 44.5 85-. 6 40.5 14.2 46.6 86.6 -10.9 66.9 64.0 55.6 29.7 21.2 117.6 66.1 9L7 27.4 63.7 31.8 9.7 82.5 25.1 97.2 285.9 88.6 49.4 -^ii's' 32.6 2.7 123.7 158.9 353.2 112.2 -11.8 18.7 13.4 8.3 125.0 23.9 1899- 1904 32.3 41.5 -1.7 49.9 13.9 13.0 35.3 8.8 37.7 183.6 -70.' 6 ■ '^.'i 11.7 96.8 104.9 22.9 97.4 234.1 58.5 73.5 44.1 77.2 20.1 69.5 . 6.2 100.0 108.1 -32.0 ;ed where base is less than 100, or where comparable figures MANUFACTUEES— VIRGINIA. 1543 Separate statistics are presented for 44 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $500,000 were reported in 1914. These industries include 7 with products exceeding $10,000,- 000 in value, 4 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 25 with products between $1,000,000 and $5,000,000, and 8 with products valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under "all other industries," the statistic? for which can not be shown separately without the possibHity of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, are a nmnber having products exceeding in value some for which figures are given in the table.' The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The lumber and timber- industry, how- ever, ranks first in all three items. Tobacco manu- factures ranked second in value of products and value added by manufacture, but fourth in nmnber of wage earners. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies ranked third in value of products and value added by manufacture but second in number of wage earners. The flour- mill and gristmill industry ranked fourth in value of products, twenty-first in number of wage earn- ers, and eighth in value added by manufactm-e. Machinery is used largely in this industry and com- paratively few employees are required, therefore the proportional value added to the raw material by manuf acting is small in comparison with the corre- sponding proportions for most other industries. Fer- tilizers ranked fifth in value of products and sixth in number of wage earners and value added by manu- facture. In rank according to value of products, there were few changes in 1914 as compared with 1909. Lumber and timber and tobacco manufactures held the same rank at both censuses. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad companies, which ranked fourth in 1909, held third place in 1914, while flour-mill and gristmill products ranked third in 1909 and fourth in 1914. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished, dropped from fifth place in 1909 to eighth in 1914; whereas fertilizers; peanuts, grading, roast- ing, cleaning, and shelling; and cotton goods advanced from sixth, seventh, and eighth places in 1909 to fifth, siKth, and seventh places, respectively, in 1914. Lumber and timber products. — Under this head are included statistics for logging and sawmill operations, 1 Tliese industries are: Locomotives, not made by railroad Bags, other than paper. companies. Baking powders and yeast. Oil, cottonseed, and cake. Cement. Patent medicines and compounds. Chemicals. Shipbuilding,including boatbuilding. Flavoring extracts. Smelting and refining, copper. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling Sulphuric, nitric, and mixed acids. mills. Wood preserving. Liquors, vinous. Wooden goods, not elsewhere sped- ^^- Digitized by planing miQs, and factories manufacturing wooden packing boxes, and window and door screens. This industry was first in importance in the state in 1914, although as compared with 1909, it shows a decrease in all items. It gave employment during the year- 1914 to an average of 26,307 wage earners, had prod- ucts valued at $32,449,063, and the value added by manufacture amounted to $19,083,983. These figures represent 25.6 per cent, 12.3 per cent, and 17.6 per cent of the respective totals reported for aU manufac- turing industries of the state. The statistics in this table do not cover mills engaged exclusively in cus- tom sawing for local consumption. Tobacco Tnanufactures. — ^The statistics presented for this industry include the manufacture of chewing and smoking tobacco, and cigars and cigarettes. The in- dustry ranked second in importance in the state in 1914, its products forming 11.4 per cent of the total value of products for the state. Although showing decreases in number of estabhshments and average number of wage earners during the three census pe- riods, increases are shown in the value of products. A decrease of 28 is shown in the number of estabhsh- ments for the period 1909-1914; the average number of wage earners decreased 1,574, or 20 per cent; the value of products increased $4,710,499, or 18.6 per cent; and value added by manufacture, $3,797,835, or 26.8 per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. — ^The statistics for this in- dustry represent the work done in the car shops oper- ated by steam-railroad companies. The operations consist principally of repairs to roUing stock and equip- ment, but include also shopwork done for the track and bridge and building departments. The value of work performed increased $8,260,555, or 83 per cent. Employment was given to an average of 10,375 wage earners in 1914, the second largest number reported by any of the industries specified in the table. This number represents an increase of 2,787, or 36.7 per cent, as compared with 7,588, the number employed in 1909. Flour-^mill and gristmill products. — This industry, which excludes custom mills grinding exclusively for toll or local consumption, ranked third in the state in 1909 as measured by value of products, but dropped to fourth place in 1914. There was an increase of 75 in the nmnber of estabhshments; the average number of wage earners increased 68, or 6.7 per cent; value of products, $486,368, or 2.8 per cent; and value added by manufacture, $261,126, or 10.7 per cent. Fertilizers. — ^This industry, an important one in Virginia, ranked sixth in value of products in 1909 but was fifth in 1914. The increase in number of establishments from. 1909 to 1914 was 12; in average number of wage earners, 514, or 26.3 per cent; in value of products, $3,315,577, or 41.3 per cent; in l\^6Fdi^^^^ manufacture, $708,766, or 26.8 per 1544 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. cent. The statistics as presented in Table 2 do not fully represent the industry, since fertilizers, valued at $229,469, reported as subsidiary products by establish- ments engaged chiefly in the manufacture of other products, are not included. Complete statistics for the industry are presented in Table 28. Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and sJieUing. — • Although this industry ranked sixth in the state in 1914, Virginia reported 73.2 per cent of the total value of products for the industry in the United States for that year. The number of establishments remained the same as in 1909, the average number of wage earners showed a decrease of seven-tenths of 1 per cent, the value of products increased 38.4 per cent, whde value added by manufacture increased 81.3 per cent. Textiles. — ^This group of industries in Virginia includes the manufacture of cotton goods, hosiery and knit goods, silk goods, including throwsters, and woolen goods. The four allied industries as a whole show an increase of $3,799,051, or 30.4 per cent, in value of products for the five-year period 1909-1914. There was a decrease of one in the number of estab- lishments reported; the average number of wage earners increased 1,571, or 19.3 per cent; and value added by manufacture, $1,864,468, or 39.2 per cent. Cotton goods, the most important industry of the group, shows a decrease of one estabhshment; an increase of 1,253, or 24.8 per cent, in wage earners; $2,726,532, or 36.4 per cent, in value of products; and $1,368,254, or 49 per cent, in value added by manufacture. In the hosiery and knit-goods industry increases are shown for all items. An increase of two is shown in number of establishments; 557, or 32.5 per cent, in nimaber of wage earners; $1,053,129, or 42.8 per cent, in value of products; and $412,525, or 41.4 per cent, in value added by manufacture. In silk goods, including throwsters, there was an increase of two in the number of estabhshments; a decrease in aver- age number of wage earners of 128, or 15.6 per cent; value of products increased $229,208, or 14.8 per cent; and value added by manufacture, $146,249, or 27.4 per cent. In the woolen-goods industry a decrease has been shown at the two last censuses, the larger decrease being shown for the later period. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — The leather industry in Virginia ranked eighth in value of products among the manufacturing industries of the state in 1914, although, in 1909, when the total value of products was much less, it ranked fifth. The num- ber of establishments decreased from 39 in the earher year to 21 in the latter, many of the smaller estab- lishments having gone out of business. The number of wage earners decreased from 1,590 in 1909 to 1,205 in 1914, or 24.2 per cent, and the total amount of wages paid decreased $63,695, or 10.8 per cent. While the total value of products increased $1,567,589, or 19 per cent, there was a decrease of $205,288, or 11.3 per cent, in value added by manu- facture. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average nimiber of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEE30NS ENGAGED IN MANTJFACTUKING INDUSTEIE3. CLASS. Total. Male. Female. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 118,109 120,797 101,382 104,662 16,727 16,135 85.8 86.6 14.2 13.4 Proprietors and officials 9,415 9,906 9,284 9,783 131 123 98.6 98.8 1.4 1.2 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees. Wage earners (average number)... 6,125 6,570 1,174 1,1.39 2,116 2,197 5,874 5,215 102,820 105,676 6,026 6,469 1,149 1,128 2,109 2,186 4,744 4,333 87,354 90,546 99 101 25 11 7 11 1,130 882 15,466 15,130 98.4 98.5 97.9 99.0 99.7 99.5 80.8 83.1 85.0 85.7 1.6 1.5 2.1 1.0 0.3 0.5 19.2 16.9 15.0 14.3 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age . 100,209 102,054 2,611 3,622 85,674 88,191 1,680 2,355 14,535 13,863 931 1,267 85.5 86.4 64.3 65.0 14.5 13.6 35.7 36.0 The total number of persons engaged in manufac- turing industries for the year 1914 was 118,109, of whom 102,820, or 87.1 per cent, were wage earners, 9,415, or 8 per cent, were proprietors and ofl&cials, and 5,874, or 5 per cent, were clerks and other subordi- nate salaried employees. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 85,674, or 85.5 per cent, were males, and 14,535, or 14.5 per cent, were females. Figures for individual industries will be found in Table 34. Table 4 gives, for the several classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees increased 12.6 per cent in the period 1909-1914 and salaried officers of corporations 3.1 per cent. All other classes engaged in manufactures show a decrease. For wage earners 16 years of age and over, which represented 84.8 per cent of the total in 1914 and 84.5 per cent in 1909, a small decrease is shown, 1.8 per cent, during the five-year period. The largest decrease for both sexes is 27.9 per cent for wage earners under 16 years of age, but the proportion which this class formed of the total was only 2.2 per cent in 1914 and 3 per cent in 1909. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1545 Table 4 PEESONS ENGAGED IN MANXTTACTUKING INDUSTKIES. CLASS. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 AH classes -2.2 -3.1 3.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials -5.0 -6.8 3.1 -3.7 12.6 -2.7 -1.8 -27.9 -5.1 -6.8 1.9 -3.5 9.5 -3.5 -2.9 -28.7 6.5 -2.0 8.0 6.2 1.0 1.8 5.0 87.1 84.8 2.2 8.2 6.4 0.9 1.8 4.3 87.5 84.5 3.0 9.2 6.9 1.1 2.1 4.7 86.2 84.5 1.7 9.3 6.2 1.1 2.1 4.1 86.5 84.3 2.2 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 6.8 92.5 86.9 5.6 0.8 Proprietors and firm members 0.6 Salaried officers of corporations 0.1 Superintendents and managers 0.1 Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees 28.1 2.2 4.8 -26.5 5.5 Wage earners (average number) 93.8 16 years of age and over 85 9 Under 16 years of age 7.9 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown at the census of 1904 it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed at the earlier census. (See "Explana- tion of terms.") Table 5 makes this comparison according to occupational status. Table 5 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANtrrACTUEruG DTDUSTEIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.i 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 118, 109 120, 797 88,898 100.0 100.0 100.0 -2.2 35.9 Proprietors and firm members . Salaried employees 6,125 9,164 102,820 6,570 8,551 105,676 3,643 4,970 80,285 5.2 7.8 87.0 5.4 7.1 87.6 4.1 5.6 90.3 -6.8 7.2 -2.7 80.3 72.1 Wage earners (average) 31.8 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Each of the classes given in this table shows an increase for the decade 1904-1914, but only one, salaried employees, shows an increase in the five-year period 1909-1914. The decrease of 6.8 per cent in number of proprietors and firm members for the period 1909-1914 is due primarily to a decrease in the number of establishments engaged in the manufacture of lumber and timber products. The average number of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age is given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar dis- tribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over was greater for 1909, there being a slight decrease for 1914, the proportion of females decreased during the decade but increased somewhat during the five-year period 1909-1914. The actual nimiber of females employed, however, has increased from census to census. The proportion of children under 16 years of age employed as wage earners shows a decrease although this class increased in actual niimber between 1904 and 1909. Table 6 All industries.. Boots and shoes . Bread and other bakery products Brickjtile, and other clay products... Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-raihoad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts Coke, not including gas-house coke Cooperage Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Cotton goods Fertilizers FIoM-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Gas, illuminatiug and heating Glass Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ■WAGE EARNERS. Average number.! 102,820 105,676 80,285 1,555 2,711 1,033 870 1,663 2,090 2,169 1,860 1,246 1,329 10,375 7,588 1,282 1,160 852 1,425 1,390 788 528 818 6,310 5,057 2,470 1,9.56 1,082 1,014 2,444 2,798 1,221 990 633 378 606 624 2,272 1,715 714 475 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 83.3 83.5 81.0 62.6 73.6 86.4 84.6 97.7 97.3 34.6 29.1 99.9 99.9 11.7 11.6 100.0 99.6 73.0 83.0 80.0 66.0 67.1 99.9 99.5 99.7 98.6 99.0 93.1 90.9 100.0 99.7 92.4 90.7 34.8 32.8 97.6 97.1 Fe- male. Un- der 16 years 14.1 13.1 14.9 33.0 21.8 12.1 11.4 0.5 50.7 49.2 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 85.0 24.6 13.2 13.2 30.6 29.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 (?) 0.3 0.5 3.3 0.6 53.9 64.2 2.5 3.4 4.0 4.3 4.6 1.5 4.0 2.3 2.2 14.7 21.7 0.6 1.4 1.4 3.4 0.4 2.8 2.4 3.8 6.8 4.4 13.4 0.1 0.2 1.0 1.3 0.1 1.0 6.6 0.3 4.3 11.3 12.9 2.4 2.9 1 For method of estimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number for all industries combined, see " Explanation of terms." 1546 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 6 — Continued. Iron and steel, blast furnaces Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and fiDished Lime Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling. Printing and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters Tobacco manufactures AH other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1900 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. Average number. 1,320 1,428 1,487 1,205 1,590 716 26,307 33,287 1,260 1,585 1,260 912 1,505 1,616 2,790 2,555 691 819 6,308 7,882 18,938 16,461 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 99.7 99.1 88.3 90.9 96.8 97.6 100.0 100.0 97.2 98.0 95.6 21.1 21.0 72.1 72.6 30.1 34.2 39.4 90.5 Fe- male. 4.1 6.7 3.1 1.9 1.3 0.5 1.5 1.5 4.4 0.6 7.5 10.1 '"o.'s 76.8 76.8 24.7 22.7 51.5 47.6 61.1 54.5 7.5 10.4 Un- der 16 of age. 0.3 0.9 7.6 2.4 0.2 0.4 2.1 2.2 3.2 4.7 17.7 13.6 4.7 6.1 2.0 2.7 Of the 30 industries for which separate statistics are given ia this table, 20 show an increased propor- tion of males in 1914 as compared with 1909, and 13 an increased proportion of females, while but 5 show an increase in the proportion of children under 16 years of age. Four industries which in 1909 gave employment to children under 16 years of age reported no employees of this class for 1914. In the manufacture of men's clothing in 1914, about seven-eighths of the wage earners 16 years of age and over were women; in the roasting, cleaning, shelling, and grading of peanuts; canning and pre- serving; tobacco; and the textile industries, although the proportion was smaller, the females also out- numbered the males. The industries reporting the greatest number of children in 1914 are leather goods, canning and preserving, hosiery and knit goods, and silk goods, including throwsters. • Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, exclusive of Newport News, classified according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914,-1909, and 1904. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7. Table 7 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN'— SEX AND AGE. Alexan- dria. Danville. Lynch- burg. Norfolk. Peters- burg. Ports- mouth. Richmond. Roanoke. Staun- ton. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,504 1,470 1,291 2,691 3,076 3,018 3,474 4,026 2,534 5,900 4,749 2,935 3,903 3,887 3,288 767 842 651 17,282 14,849 12,444 5,496 3,544 3,089 346 339 16 years of age and over: Male .- :. 1,390 1,331 1,202 82 69 63 32 70 36 1,751 1,712 1,550 840 1,086 1,091 100 278 377 2,373 2,801 1,759 995 «68 651 106 267 124 4,581 3, .518 2 2,022 1,258 1,073 2 746 61 158 167 2,248 2,434 1,984 1,438 1,271 1,063 217 182 251 682 678 430 156 130 73 29 34 48 12,728 10,010 2 8,615 4,171 4,538 3,704 383 301 2 225 5,244 3,312 2,934 246 201 110 6 31 45 235 216 Female 93 . 113 Under 16 years of age 18 IC Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 92.4 90.5 93.1 5.5 4.7 4,1 2.1 4.8 2.8 66.1 - 56.7 51.4 31.2 35.3 36.1 3.7 9.0 12,5 68.3 69.6 69.4 28.7 24.0 25.7 3.0 6.4 4.9 77.6 74.1 68.9 21.3 22.6 26,4 1.0 3.3 5.7 57.6 62.6 60.3 36.8 32.7 32.0 5.6 4.7 7.6 7.5.9 80.5 78.0 20.3 1.5.4 13.2 3.8 4.0 8.7 73.6 67.4 68.4 24.1 30.6 29.8 2.2 2.0 1.8 95.4 93.4 95.0 4.5 5.7 3.6 0.1 0.9 1.4 67. li 63.: Female 33.3 Under 16 years of age 5.S 3.U * . 1 statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Figures do not agree with those published, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. The proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over is greatly in excess of that for females in every city, the only city in 1914 in which the proportion of adult males fell below 65 per cent being Petersburg. The proportions for aU cities combined were for males 75.3, females 22.4, and children 2.3. All of the cities for which figures are given for the decade show de- creases in the number and proportions of children under 16 years of age, with the exception of Richmond, which shows an increase at each census. All, except Petersburg, Eichmond, and Staunton, show decreases in number of children for the period 1909-1914. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1547 Table 8 PEE CENT OF INCEEASE' IN AVEBAGE NUMBEE OF WAQE EAENEBS. CITY.' Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. of age. Alexandria 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904^1909 1904^1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1909-1914 16.5 2.3 13.9 -10.8 -12.5 1.9 37.1 -13.7 58.9 101.0 24.2 61.8 18.7 0.4 18.2 39.2 -8.9 52.8 38.9 16.4 19.3 77.9 55.1 14.7 2.1 15.6 4.4 10.7 13.0 2.3 10.5 34.9 -15.3 59.2 126.6 30.2 74.0 13.3 -7.6 22.7 35.3 -14.2 57.7 49.5 27.2 17.6 78.7 58.3 12.9 8.8 -23.0 -22.7 -0.5 52.8 2.8 48.7 68.6 17.2 43.8 36.6 13.1 20.7 -64.0 -26.3 Norfolk -58.8 107.3 -61.4 -5.4 Portsmouth 19.2 -27.5 20.0 12.6 -8.1 22.5 123.6 22.4 82.7 -17.7 70.2 'R.na.Tinlrfi 27.2 33.8 Staunton 1 statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of indi^'idual opera- tions. 2 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is lass than 100. The largest percentage of increase in the decade is shown for the males in Norfolk, 126.6 per cent, al- though the greatest actual increase was for males in Richmond. There is also a large increase, 68.6 per cent, in the number of females reported for Norfolk. Roanoke, in the same period, shows an increase of 78.7 per cent in males and 123.6 per cent in females. The increases for the period 1909-1914 are much smaller. The wage earners in Richmond, the most important city in the state, increased 38.9 per cent during the period 1904-1914, the males, 49.5 per cent; females, 12.6 per cent; and children, 70.2 per cent. Nearly half of these children were employed in the manufac- ture of tobacco. Wage earners employed, by months. — The follow- ing table gives, for aU industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average number employed during each month in 1904, together with the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. For 1914 the greatest activity in the combined in- dustries of the state is shown for the spring and faU months, the maximum niunber of wage earners ap- pearing for September, as in 1909 and 1904, and the minimum for December, In the earlier years, how- ever, the greatest activity is shown during the faU months. The greatest difference between the maxi- mum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 21,113 in 1909, the corresponding figures for 1914 and 1904 bemg 15,068 and 13,994, re- spectively. The variation in the number employed was slightly greater in 1909 than in 1914, amounting to 18.2 per cent in the earher year, as against 13.9 per cent in the later. The corresponding percentage for 1904 was 16.1 per cent. Table 9 WAGE EARNERS IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. MONTH. Number.i Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 100,795 101,063 103,802 106,175 105,902 104,916 102,697 103,418 108,590 106,016 96,944 93,522 94,885 97,714 101,750 104,393 104,865 105,036 104,231 110,659 115,998 112,276 109,216 107,092 72,754 73,751 77,565 80,108 81,834 82,658 81,019 84,232 86,748 84,620 80,771 77,360 92.8 9.3.1 95.6 97.8 97.5 96.6 94.6 95.2 100.0 97.6 89.3 86.1 81.8 84.2 87.7 90.0 90.4 90.5 89.9 95.4 100.0 96.8 94.2 92.3 83.9 February 85.0 March 89.4 April 92.3 May 94.3 Juu& 95.3 July 93.4 97.1 100.0 October 97.5 November . . . 93.1 89.2 Digitized by I The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. Table 10 gives the total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. As previously stated, statistics of Newport News are not shown sepa- rately in any table. Among the selected industries a wide fluctuation between the maximum and minimum number of wage earners is shown. Canning and preserving, being a seasonable industry, shows the greatest fluctuation, the number of wage earners in the minimum month, January, being but 2.4 per cent of the number in September, the maximum month. A great fluctu- ation also appears for the glass industry, the number of wage earners for August, the minimum month, being 10 per cent of the maximum month, April. The custom of closing down for repairs during the hot months of July and August explains the great fluctua- tion in this industry. The greatest stability of em- ployment is shown for printing and publishing, in which industry the minimum formed 97.3 per cent of the maximum. Other industries showing but slight fluctuation are cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raflroad companies, bread and other bakery products, and flour-mill and gristmiU products, in which industries the minimum formed of the maxi- mum 94.7, 93.3, and 92.7 per cent, respectively. Of the cities, Alexandria and Staunton show the greatest fluctuation, the proportions that the minimum formed of the maximum in these cities being 78.8 per cent and 72.2 per cent, respectively. IVIicrosoft® Jl 548 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 10 WAGE earners: mm. [Month of maximum employment tor each industry is Indicated by-boldface figures and that oJ minimum by ttalic figures.] INDUSTRY AND CITY. Aver- age number em- ployed during year. dumber employed on 16th day of the month or nearest representative day. Per cent Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. 1 Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mini- mum is of maxi- mum.' All industries 102,820 100,795 101,063 103,802 106,176 105,902 104,916 102,697 103,418 108,590 106,016 96,944 93,522 86.1 Boots and shoes 1,555 1,033 1,663 2,169 1,246 10,375 1,282 852 1,390 528 6,310 2,470 1,082 2,444 1,221 533 606 2,272 714 689 1,428 1,205 694 26,307 1,260 1,260 1,505 2,790 691 6,308 18,938 41,363 1,730 1,001 1,064 Bt9 1,287 10,501 1,385 957 1,235 396 6,105 1,620 1,068 2,575 1,208 489 784 2,258 102 824 1,464 1,190 653 25,688 1,138 1,351 1,768 2,785 663 6,529 20,398 42,615 1,627 998 901 229 1,285 10,492 1,451 1,000 1,287 424 6,160 1,971 1,065 2,451 1,269 482 770 2,305 504 825 1,487 1,197 671 26,011 1,093 1,327 1,754 2,789 688 6,583 19,969 42,479 1,577 1,008 1,145 304 1,330 10,613 1,S55 986 1,441 465 6,184 2,259 1,056 2,429 1,300 490 783 2,364 548 844 1,464 1,198 755 27,888 1,150 1,224 1,812 2,819 713 6,669 19,439 42,714 1,482 1,038 1,765 777 1,355 10,321 1,538 967 1,644 519 6,270 • 3,246 1,047 2,603 1,291 546 790 2,361 632 821 1,481 1,213 827 28,920 1,198 1,227 1,752 2,810 766 6,550 18,618 42,239 1,567 1,063 2,173 697 1,329 10,418 1,480 904 1,783 579 6,321 2,498 i.ose 2,634 1,250 638 675 2,263 798 842 1,196 1,225 784 28,739 1,296 1,B14 1,673 2,789 788 6,446 18,626 42,308 1,656 1,067 2,294 525 1,437 10,102 1,310 853 1,786 591 6,357 2,874 1,056 2,694 1,191 680 665 2,344 918 829 1,483 1,317 715 27,768 1,323 1,228 1,236 2,764 805 6,430 18,659 41,959 1,610 1,052 2,288 928 1,396 10,531 1,223 862 1,421 541 6,303 2,913 1,091 2,592 1,190 620 241 2,290 1,020 769 1,459 1,296 704 26,305 1,334 1,233 1,214 e,7SB 80O 6,285 18,435 40,337 1,705 1,049 2,248 6,454 1,297 10,060 1,300 752 576 e,8S7 2,877 1,118 2,487 1,234 521 79 2,150 949 772 1,438 1,267 695 24,632 1,372 1,272 1,361 2,761 721 6,031 18,671 39,129 1,583 1,050 1,995 9,062 1,182 10,438 977 699 1,277 648 6,375 2,954 1,116 2,395 1,225 602 504 2,178 893 596 1,422 1,166 737 25,341 1,357 1,297 1,299 2,776 606 6,197 18,744 40,463 1,506 1,034 1,693 6,443 1,086 10,610 1,046 693 1,462 599 6,512 2,772 1,117 2,253 1,185 467 670 2,336 723 396 1,370 1,137 633 26,029 1,317 1,261 1,119 2,810 606 6,164 18,969 41,478 1,477 1,021 1,225 957 97i 10,287 1,092 759 1,307 489 6,563 2,429 1,103 2,157 1,164 472 662 2,198 655 371 1,316 1,140/ 607 24,863 1,290 1,245 1,601 2,828 565 5,938 18,399 40,578 1,U0 1,027 1,165 433 995 10,137 1,027 792 1,315 509 8,713 1,227 1,112 2,198 1,145 489 659 2,237 626 380 1,256 1,115 547 23,500 1,263 1,241 1,671 2,797 672 5,875 18,469 40,057 65.9 Bread and other bakery products Brick, tite, and other clay products . . . 93.3 39.3 2.4 Carriages and" wagons aid materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raihoad com- 67.8 94.7 Clothing, men's, including shirts Coke, not including gas-house coke . . . Cooperage 62.8 69.3 46.0 Copper, tin, and sheel^iron products . Cotton goods 61.1 87.2 37.8 Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machinfrshop products. Furniture 92.7 81.3 88.1 Gas, illuminating and heating Glass 68.7 10.0 Hosiery and knit goods 91.1 49.2 44.0 84.0 Leather, tanned,curried, and finished . 84.7 66.1 81.3 Marble and Stone work. 79.7 89.8 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, 61.8 97.3 Silk gooiis, including throwsters 70.2 88.1 All other industries.. ... . .■- 90.4 Total for cities ' 93.8 1,504 2,691 3,474 5,900 3,903 767 17,282 5,496 346 1,634 2,579 3,569 5,722 3,921 690 18,596 5,566 338 1,600 2,581 3,570 6,817 4,114 710 18,199 5,547 341 1,628 2,604 3,546 6,096 4,180 758 17,913 5,655 334 1,644 2,688 3,560 6,210 4,141 818 17,227 5,586 365 1,600 2,709 3,635 6,406 4,009 869 16,927 5,782 381 1,691 2,761 3,631 6,246 4,023 825 16,831 5,698 363 1,346 2,760 3,351 5,742 3,845 868 16,536 5,531 360 1,296 2,763 S,15S B,S20 3,672 760 16,372 6,451 360 1,630 2,733 3,496 5,635 3,764 720 16,744 5,364 377 1,387 2,712 3,641 6,996 3,790 739 17,563 6,403 347 1,301 2,722 3,472 5,900 3,744 730 17,135 6,253 321 1,392 2,?00 3,162 5,710 S,6S3 727 17,342 5,116 27S 78.8 93.4 86.8 Norfolk 83.0 86.9 Portsmouth 79.5 Richmond 88.0 88.5 Staunton 72.2 ' statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 11 the average number of wage earners reported for 1914 and 1909, for all industries combined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the establishments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given for 1914 only for aU in- dustries combined in each city having more than 10,000 inhabitants, with the exception of Newport News. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures ia this table, for the state as a whole, emphasize the tendency toward a shorter working day for wage earners. In 1909 the proportion of wage earner^ employed in estabhshments where the pre- vailing hours of work were under 60 per week was 33.8 per cent of the total number of wage earners; the proportion of those in establishments having working hours of 60 and over per week was correspondrag proportions for 1914 were 45.2 and 54.8 per cent, respectively. During the five-year period there was a marked increase in the proportion in each of the four classes working fewer than 60 hours per week. Among the separate industries, boots and shoes shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, only 18.6 per cent of the wage earners in this industry were employed ia estabhshments where the hours of labor were fewer than 60 per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 97.5 per cent. Paper and wood pulp was the only in- dustry among those presented in this table showing a large proportion of the employees in establishments where the hours of labor were 72 per week. For the cities, taken as a group, 38,961, or 94.2 per cent, of the total average number of wage earners re- ported for 1914, were in estabhshments where the prevailing hours were 60 or fewer per week, while only 2,402 were ia establishments in which the hours were per week. MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1549 Table H Census year. AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. INDU3TKT AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor pei week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 54. Between 64 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 102,820 105,676 7,205 5,415 10,569 4,752 8,495 6,607 20,172 18,934 45,181 56,820 8,070 9,473 1,746 1,208 1,382 J 3,467 Boots and shoes 1,655 2,711 1,033 870 1,663 2,090 2,169 1,860 1,246 1,329 10,375 7,688 1,282 1,160 852 1,425 1,390 788 528 818 6,310 5,057 2,470 1,956 1,082 1,014 2,444 2,798 1,221 990 533 378 606 524 2,272 1,715 714 475 689 1,320 1,428 1,487 1,205 . 1,590 694 716 ■26,307 33,287 1,260 1,585 1,260 912 1,505 1,516 2,790 2,555 691 819 6,308 7,882 18,938 16,461 41,363 1,616 503 181 G 184 195 488 43 283 168 222 2,198 254 680 39 2,208 687 495 1,016 1,633 987 1,642 515 788 461 308 137 137 528 766 1,121 613 59 599 6,250 6,057 1,527 1,465 730 510 1,424 1,595 816 820 .69 3 Bread and other bakery products. 82 108 159 137 470 80 33 3 1,998 1,719 437 288 8 31 82 60 126 82 209 7 5,035 823 278 45 105 107 205 49 65 34 206 343 617 848 176 10 46 67 17 16 27 19 23 49 1 Brick, tile, and other clay products 17 Canning and preserving 5 36 1 Carriages and wagons and materials . . . 24 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad 9 2,042 311 11 companies. 1,381 Clothing, men's, including shirts Coke, not including gas-house coke 8 316 4 11 30 66 108 306 33 74 11 3 33 186 .67 337 26 60 316 Cooperage 39 1 ■3 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products 65 83 Cotton goods Fertilizers 33 4 63 83 32 3 51 7 2 2 163 2 3 3 12 23 35 30 88 14 5 18 379 581 151 73 124 108 63 13 586 683 173 90 33 359 255 34 71 337 107 188 300 riour-mill and gristmill products 6 7 Foundry and machine-shop products 1 Gfl.«!, illiimTTis^tiTig aTrl lipftt'iig , , 132 39 334 Glass -. 343 465 100 69 ■ . 172 Hnsi'^ry j^Tld Tniit gnnds „ . 1,778 1,241 16 3 308 474 150 59 14 Ice, manufactured 2 108 47 470 145 39 147 399 218 219 1,062 1 Iron and steel, blast furnaces 73 383 60 94 31 6 9 4,680 3,396 168 273 60 Leather goods 44 188 20 1 250 218 751 1,026 1,089 1,506 501 329 14,137 20,349 340 464 286 655 864 1,008 112 197 295 150 1,329 1,222 8,753 9,842 11,063 5 leather, tanned, cnrrierl,an(1 finished . . 2 2 12 59 31 145 49 14 1 114 23 660 969 139 144 48 229 3,379 6,295 317 454 45 67 1,217 888 114 107 2,203 1,222 ' 182 142 Marble and stone work... : 23 Paper and wood pulp - 1 929 194 63 442 295 S3 178 396 669 2,636 5,518 4,801 2,423 12,210 5 193 208 549 341 1 5 812 1,105 Printing and publishing 1,232 726 2 6 Silk goods, including throwsters , ■- 2 Tobacco mtoufactures 1 : 464 498. ' 637 431 3,371 276 240 969 599 6,116 1,613 403 2,533 1,619 6,201 i All other industries . . 1,022 1,618 1,805 180 102 33 Total for cities > 27 564 Alexandria ... ... 1,504 2,691 3,474 6,900 3,903 767 17,282 5,496 346 172 24 215 .310 219 56 2,083 273 19 360 174 150 417 55 21 1,795 3,079 65 610 62 127 936 134 29 4,081 159 63 3 616 1,674 1,683 •2,297 268 1,790 1,187 2,248 1,130 548 3,501 271 120 5 25 90 154 44 27 84 1,376 Danville 6 •• NOBPOLK 262 POKTSMOUTH..,. 86 KlCHMOND ". . . 5,650 319 68 14 13 Staunton '. 6 11 1 Statistics to^^^^^j^ ^^i ^yi^i m(mi D#@.d ividual op orations. 1550 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Location of establishments. — ^Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manu- factures in Virginia were centralized in cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Statistics for Newport News are omitted from the group of cities whose popu- lation was estimated to be from 10,000 to 25,000 in 1914, and included in the districts outside of the cities, to avoid a possible disclosure of individual operations. Table lH Census year. Aggregate. CITIES HAVINQ A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVEE. DISTKICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVING Total. 10,000 to 25,000. 25,000 to 100,000. 100,000 and over. A POPULATION OF 10,000 OB OVEK.l ' Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent ofag- gr&- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number or amount. Per cent of ag- gre- gate. Number of places 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 9 9 8 403,225 361,718 252,060 1,089 992 717 41,363 36,782 28,142 $128,954,107 96,603,688 49,239,397 66,708,638 42,959,778 23,827,644 3 4 6 18.8 46,683 17.5 69,080 13.6 110,671 19.8 137 17.4 222 22.6 301 40.2 4,541 34.8 8,772 42.5 11,789 48.8 $10,666,938 44.0 19,927,390 45.3 19,877,907 52.2 4,407,431 45.6 7,304,958 48.3 8,493,683 2.2 3.3 6.0 2.5 3.9 9.4 4.4 8.3 17.8 4.0 9.1 18.3 4.1 7.8 17.2 5 4 2 221,626 165,010 141,389 486 390 416 19,540 13,161 16,353 $65,796,502 29,318,313 29,361,490 20,369,342 12,548,970 15,333,961 1 1 Population ^ 2,150,009 2,061,612 1,854,184 5,508 5,685 3,186 102,820 105, 676 66,223 $264,039,041 219, 793, 858 108,644,150 108,719,465 94,211,171 49,284,666 10.3 8.0 7.6 8.8 6.9 13.1 19.0 12.4 24.7 21.1 • 13.3 27.0 18.7 13.3 31.1 134,917 127,628 6.3 6.2 1,746,784 1,699,894 1,602,124 4,419 4,693 2,469 61,457 68, 894 38,081 $135,084,934 123,190,170 69,404,753 52,010,827 51,261,393 25,457,022 81 2 82.5 86.4 466 380 8.5 6.7 80. S 82.6 77.5 Average number of wage earners 17,282 14,849 16.8 14.1 59.8 65.2 57.5 Value of products $62,490,667 47,357,985 23.7 21.6 51 2 56.0 54.7 Value added by manufacture 31,931,865 23,106,850 29.4 24.6 47. S 54.4 51.7 ' Includes statistics for Newport News, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Census estimate of population for 1914. In accepting the statistics ia this table, it will be noted that one of the cities — Staunton — that had a population of 10,000 and over at the census of 1910 and of 1914, was included with those for the outside districts in 1899. Nine cities having an estimated population of 10,000 or more in 1914 show 18.8 per cent of the total estimated population for the state, 19.8 per cent of the number of establishments, 40.2 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and 48.8 per cent of the total value of products. The relative importance in manufactures in each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants (ex- clusive of Newport News), as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13, The cities are listed in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Comparative figures are not shown for 1904 for Staunton, as its population that year was less than 10,000. Table 13 CITT.l , AVERAGE NUMBEB OP WAGE EAENEKS. VALUE OF PEODUCTS. 1914 1909 190* 1914 1909 1904 17,282 5,496 5,900 3,903 3,474 2,691 1,604 767 346 14,849 3,644 4,749 3,887 4,026 3,076 1,470 842 339 12,444 3,089 2,935 3,288 2,534 3,018 1,291 551 $62,490,667 16,681,988 14,965,135 12,609,943 9,918,779 5,558,431 3,660,291 1,730,657 1,448,216 $47,357,985 .7,260,859 10,341,321 8,896,552 10,188,136 6,389,430 4,419,562 1,527,997 1,222,846 $27,744,929 5,644,907 5,738,906 5,890,574 4,965,435 4,774,818 9 ififi fiw Norfolk Petersburg. . . . A1fivftT) .^ I^CWOTIV Richmond & CHCSAPCAKt OMr R.R. SHOfS UNION STOCK YANDS^ . RICHMOND IKON WKS.B kSenMK BHCWlHSCa VAftOS^ I ^3 , ULTlMCme BRICK CO. ^j^OIJ^^gJOS^J MATHARO ■■VA.nTcTwMUL CO. fICSAPEAKC 4 0MIO WC ^rULTONBHIClTcO. J^RICHMOND GUAMO CQ AMEKICAH STONE CO. . UOW ROCK UWCIUL SMWes OOL The statistics for that part of Bristol which lies in Virginia are included with those for the outside dis- tricts in Table 12. Table 15 presents totals for the entire city and for the parts situated in Virginia and Tennessee, respectively. In Bristol, Va., the leading industries in order of importance by value of products were paper and wood pulp; flour-null and gristmill products; men's clothing; leather, tanned, curried, and finished; and lumber and timber products; while the principal industries in Bristol, Tenn., were flour-miU and gristmill prod- ucts, men's clothing, and druggists' preparations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1552 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 15 1914 1909 Per cent of in- crease,!, 1909- 1914. BBISTOL, TA. BRISTOL, TENN. 1914 Per cent 1909 of in- 1909- 1914. 6,247 11.4 28 942 5.6 20 80 842 -0.1 2,625 13.7 ,716,738 18.4 471,486 4.8 89,126 59.0 382,360 -7.8 ,234,322 33.3 ,970,668 29.0 736,346 21.8 1914 1909 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. Population ^ Number of establishments Persons engaged in manufactures Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries "Wages Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture 14 1, 1, 3, S2,940, 689, 239, 449, 2,087; 3,397, 1,310, 13,395 51 1,319 42 148 1,129 3,914 $3,062,409 631, 813 142,741 489,072 1,828,296 2,848,777 1,020,481 11.3 "5.' 6' 52.0 -6.7 -4.0 9.1 68.0 -8.1 14.2 19.3 28.4 $2, 31 995 19 135 841 2,985 033, 170 494,297 141, 737 352, 560 645, 788 542,851 897,063 81 7,948 26 390 12 90 288 666 $907,621 195,236 98, 125 97, 111 441,332 854,575 413,243 7,148 23 377 22 68 287 1,289 $1,345,671 160,327 53,615 106, 712 693,974 878,109 284, 135 11. a "3.'4 0.3 -48.3 -32.4 21.8 83.0 -9.0 -25.7 -2.7 45.4 ! A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. 2 Census estimate of population for 1914. Character of Ownership. — Table 16 presents sta- tistics concerning character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For aU industries combined, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for indi- vidual cities, exclusive of Newport News, the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing the operations of indi- vidual estabHshments, it is necessary to omit several important industries from this table. Table 16 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS ' 1 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. OWNED BY— In estabUsh- ments owned by— Percent of total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All Oth- ers. Total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- porar tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Total. Individ- uals. Corporar tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries........ 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 3,085 3,061 1,596 1,162 1,099 702 1,281 1,525 889 102,820 105,676 80,285 16,598 19,132 10,323 77,015 72,865 . 59,735 9,207 13,879 10,227 16.1 18,1 12.9 74.9 69.0 74.4 8.9 12.9 12.7 $264,039,041 219,793,858 148,856,625 $28,657,424 29,961,088 17, 767, 725 $212,653,891 163,892,508 109,546,390 122,727,726 25,940,262 21,542,410 10.8 13.6 11.9 80.5 74.6 73.6 8.6 11.8 14.5 Bread and other bakery products. 101 93 18 14 21 28 1,033 870 362 298 678 415 93 157 35.0 34.3 56.0 47.7 9.0 18.0 3,697,279 2,766,283 1,162,252 919,806 2,209,138 1,398,544 325,889 - 447,933 31.4 33.3 59.8 60.6 8.8 16.2 'Fert.ilizftrp 1914 1909 4 6 61 37 2 9 2,470 1,956 1,082 1,014 2,367 1,809 306 335 1103 U47 95.8 92.5 4.2 7.6 11,350,120 8,034,543 18,084,413 17,598,045 10,573,747 7,706,602 6,294,456 6,200,823 '776,373 '327,941 6,997,597 6,374,083 93.2 95.9 6.8 4.1 riour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 327 256 58 69 148 133 422 365 354 314 39.0 36.0 28.3 33.0 32.7 31.0 5,792,360 5,023,139 32.0 28.6 29.3 35.2 38.7 36.2 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 45 46 41 .40 17 24 2,444 2,798 307 273 1,960 2,288 177 237 12.6 9.8 80.2 81.8 7.2 8.5 6,906,122 5,727,014 615,700 478,304 6,039,619 4,864,237 350,803 394,473 7.5 8.4 87.5 84.8 5.1 6.9 Leather goods . . . . 1914 1909 26 11 14 10 11 10 1,428 1,487 58 84 1,318 1,319 62 84 4.1 5.6 92.3 88.7 3.6 5.6 3,463,853 3,492,051 187,133 202,190 3,149,863 3,043,970 126,857 245,891 5.4 5.8 90.9 87.2 3.7 7.0 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1,509 1,634 163 190 546 793 26,307 33,287 9,666 12,016 12,382 14,094 4,259 7,178 36.7 36.1 47.1 42.3 16.2 21.6 32,449,063 35,855,310 9,154,151 10,687,384 18,497,004 18,133,870 4,797,908 7,034,056 28.2 29.8 57.0 50.6 14.8 19.6 Printing and publishing . . . 1914 1909 219 186 102 94 75 89 2,790 2,555 880 734 1,355 1,342 555 479 31.6 28.7 48.6 62.5 19.9 18.7 7,069,847 5,369,738 1,626,788 1,188,764 4,321,149 3,317,349 1,121,910 863,625 23.0 22.1 61.1 61.8 15.9 16.1 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 6 11 9 8 6 6 396 342 91 124 283 185 42 33 23.0 36.3 66.4 54.1 10.6 9.6 4,362,272 4,600,630 670,060 2,444,213 3,168,804 1,729,615 523,408 426,802 15.4 63.1 72.6 37.6 12.0 9.3 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 42 58 18 27 16 19 6,308 7,882 142 423 6,004 6,969 162 490 2.3 5.4 95.2 88.4 2.6 6.2 30,095,813 25,385,314 317,318 515,165 29,505,292 24,158,270 273,203 711,879 1.1 2.0 98.0 95.2 0.9 2.8 Total for cities s 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 418 475 196 41,363 3,389 35,607 2,367 8.2 86.1 5.7 128,954,107 9,174,008 110,856,184 8,923,915 7.1 86.0 6.9 Alexandria 18 14 26 73 31 20 21 38 96 44 11 8 9 42 n 1,604 2,691 3,474 5,900 3,903 767 17,282 6,496 346 56 93 156 1,069 258 . 1,335 2,465 3,229 4,414 3,460 204 15,057 5,366 77 113 133 89 417 185 3:7 3.5 4.5 18.1 6.6 88.8 91.6 92.9 74.8 88.6 7.6 4.9 2.6 7.1 4.7 ■ 3,660,291 5,558,431 9,918,779 14,955,135 12,609,943 1,730,657 62,490,667 16,581,988 1,448,216 233,326 195,698 449,400 2,191,634 1,649,427 953,324 3,126,181 156,608 218,410 3,149,661 6,021,151 9,123,673 11,669,380 10,672,027 659,746 54,376,802 16,112,240 171,604 277,304 341,582 345,806 1,094,121 388,489 117,587 4,987,684 313,140 1,058,202 6.4 3.5 4.5 14.7 13 1 86.0 90.3 92.0 78.0 83.8 38.1 87.0 97.2 11.8 7.6 6 1 Danville Ltnchbtjeg . 3.5 7.3 3 1 Peteesbtjrg -. Portsmouth 1914 1914 1914 1914 27 188 20 21 9 197 39 11 6 81 14 13 529 1,091 49 88 34 1,134 81 181 69.0 6.3 09 25.4 26.6 87.1 97.6 22.3 4.4 6.6 . 1.5 52.3 55.1 5.0 0.9 15.1 6.8 8.0 1.9 73.1 Roanoke Staunton ' Includes the group "individuals." 2 statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. The most important distinction is that shown be- tween corporate and "all other" forms of ownership. For all industries combined, the statistics for 1914 show that the establishments imder corporate owner- Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1553 ship, while representing only 21.1 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported 74.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners and 80.5 per cent of the total value of products. The corre- sponding percentages for 1909 were 19.3, 69, and 74.6, respectively ; and for 1904, 22, 74.4, and 73.6, respec- tively. The forms of ownership prevailing in the individual industries presented in the table vary. The bread and other bakery products, flour-mill and gristmill products, lumber and timber products, and printing and publishing Industries are more largely controlled by "individual" and "aU other" forms of ownership than are the other industries for which figures are given. This is particularly the case with the flour- mill and gristmill industry, in which 475 out of a total of 533 establishments in 1914, 71.7 per cent of the total number of wage earners, and 7'0.7 per cent of the total value of products were "individual" or "all other" forms of ownership. In Lynchbui^, Petersburg, and Roanoke, more than half of the establishments were imder corporate owner- ship. In average ntunber of wage earners and value of products for all cities, except Portsmouth and Staunton, the percentage under corporate ownership was far in excess of the percentage reported for "individual" and "all other" forms combined. In Portsmouth and Staunton, however, the percentages reported by corporations were for wage earners 26.6 and 22.3, respectively; and for value of products, 38.1 arid 11 .8, respectively. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manu- facturing to become concentrated in large establish- ments is indicated by the statistics given in Table 17. Table 17 VALUE OF PBODUCT. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS. AVEEAGE NDMBEE OF WAGE EABNESS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED ET MANUFACTURE. 1911 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1901 All classes . 5,508 5,685 3,187 102,820 105,676 80,285 $264,039,041 $219,793,858 $148,856,525 $108,719,465 $94,211,171 $65,207,376 Less than $5,000 2,529 1,763 796 383 37 2,581 1,917 805 356 26 1,109 1,192 603 268 15 5,838 12,694 16,590 39,113 28,585 7,176 15,254 19, 134 41,497 22,615 2,374 8,996 14,992 36,224 17,699 5,823,235 17,850,020 35,176,305 110,115,952 95,073,529 5,936,118 19,134,920 34,233,401 101,364,437 59,124,982 2,710,615 .12,578,958 25,678,424 73,817,089 34,071,439 3,686,067 9,809,703 15,886,860 41,903,981 37,432,874 3,859,930 11,171,420 16,900,075 38,289,549 23,990,197 1,788,004 $5,000 to $20,000 6,917,700 $20 000 to $100,000 . 12,089y249 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 28,505,680 15,906,743 PEE CENT DISTEIBUnON. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 . 100.0 Less than $5,000 45.9 32.0 14.5 7.0 0.6 45.4 33.7 14.2 6.3 0.4 34.8 37.4 18.9 8.4 0.5 5.7 12.3 16.1 38.0 27.8 6.8 14.4 18.1 39.3 21.4 3.0 11.2 18.7 45.1 22.0 2.2 6.8 13.3 41.7 36.0 2.7 8.7 15.6 46.1 26.9 1.8 8.5 17.2 49.6 22.9 3.4 9.0 14.6 38.5 34.4 4.1 11.9 17.9 40.6 25.5 2.7 $5 000 to $20,000 10.6 $20,000 to $100,000 18.5 $100J)00 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over.... .... 43.7 24.4 It wiU be seen from this table that in 1914 only 37, or six- tenths of 1 per cent, of the 5,508 estabhshments in the state reported products valued at more than $1,000,000. These establishments, however, em- ployed an average of 28,585 wage earners, or 27.8 per cent of the total for all establishments, and reported 36 per cent of the total value of products, and 34.4 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. On the other hand, the small establishments — those having products valued at less than $5,000, con- stituting 45.9 per cent of the total number of estabhshments — ^reported only 2.2 per cent of the total value of products. The greatest percentage of the value of products was reported by estab- lishments having products valued at $100,000 or more. This table shows that during the five-year period 1909-1914 there was a considerable increase, as measured by both value of products and value added by manufacture, in the relative importance of the larg- est estabhshments— those reporting products valued at $1,000,000 and over. 82101°— 18 98 Table 18 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for nine of the more important industries, a classification of estab- hshments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 17 for all industries combined. For 1914, as compared with 1909, this table shows increases in the number of establishments having products under $5,000 in value for only three of the industries presented — ^bread and other bakery prod- ucts, flour-mill and gristmiU products, and leather goods. For aU industries, the estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over, except flour- mill and gristmiU products, lumber and timber prod- ucts, and slaughtering and meat packing, show in- creases in value of products; and for all except flour- miU and gristmiU products, leather goods, and lumber and timber products, the estabhshments in this class show increases in value added by manufacture. In this class flour-miU and gristmUl products, foundry and machine-shop products, leather goods, and lum- ber and timber products show decreases in average number of wage earners. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1554 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 18 VALUE OF PKODUCT. BbEAD and other bak- ery PBODUCT3 Less than $5,000 15,000 to 820,000 t20,000 to $100,000. . . . JIOO.OOO to $1,000,000. Fektilizees... Less than $5,000. . . , $5,000 to $20,000. . . . $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over.. Flotjr-mill and omsi- MILLPBODUCTS , Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000. . . . $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over'. FOUNDET AND MACHINE- SHOP PBODXJCTS Less than $5,000.... $5,000 to $20,000. . . . $20,000 to $100,000. $100,000 and over 1. Leathee Goods. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over'. Lumber and PE0DUCT3 Less than $5,000.... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000. and over'. Feinting and publish- ing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Slaughteeing and meat PACKING $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over'. Tobacco manueactuees. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 6 $100,000 to $1,000,000 10 $1,0(10,000 and over 5 NUMBER op establish- ments. 1914 3 3 24 127 533 103 2,218 21 1909 135 110 2,617 1,391 941 224 61 369 24 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 36.4 17.9 7.1 100.0 5.3 5.3 42.1 47.4 100.0 21.4 47.7 24.6 6.4 100.0 31.1 26.2 35.9 6.8 100.0 39.2 31.4 15.7 13.7 100.0 57.7 32.1 7.8 2.3 100.0 63.3 33.3 7.8 5.6 100.0 28.6 38.1 100.0 38.2 34.2 7.9 13.2 6.6 100.0 35.6 47.4 13.3 3.7 100.0 11.1 6.7 44.4 37.8 100.0 16.6 47.4 28.4 7.6 29.1 28.2 9.1 100.0 48.4 35.5 16.1 100.0 53.2 36.0 2.3 100.0 60.7 25.7 9.5 4.1 100.0 33.3 41.7 25.0 100.0 43.3 21.2 17.3 13.5 AVEEAGE NUMBEE OF WAGE EAENEB3. 1914 1,033 1,082 62 273 373 374 2,444 48 176 838 1,382 1,428 21 48 174 1,185 26,307 3,744 7,486 4,992 10,085 2,790 361 612 551 396 32 355 6,308 25 141 162 1,385 4,595 1909 1,014 46 235 346 387 2,798 243 861 1,626 1,487 54 212 1,221 33,287 4,934 10,308 6,476 11,569 2,555 392 580 737 84« 342 11 51 280 7,882 60 152 890 2,446 4,334 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 0.1 0.9 21.5 77.5 100.0 5.7 25.2 34.5 34.6 100.0 2.0 7.2 34.3 56.5 100.0 1.5 3.4 12.2 83.0 100.0 14.2 28.5 19.0 38.3 100.0 12.9 21.9 19.7 45.4 100.0 2.3 8.1 89.6 100.0 2.6 22.0 72.8 100.0 0.3 0.5 27.2 72.0 100.0 4.5 23.2 34.1 38.2 100.0 2.4 8.7 30.8 58.1 100.0 3.6 14.3 82.1 100.0 14.8 31.0 19.4 100.0 ■15.3 22.7 28. S 33.1 100.0. 3.2 14.9 81.9 100.0 0.8 1.9 11.3 31.0 55.0 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $3,697,279 125, 656 530,424 1,089,998 1,951,201 11,350,120 8,603 27,146 1,332,866 9,981,505 18,084,413 355,121 2,867,616 5,334,118 9,527,558 6,906,122 73,913 297,694 1,568,772 4,965,743 3,4':3,853 46,727 140,518 428,943 2,847,665 32,449,063 2,910,191 6,862,865 7,415,952 15,260,055 7,069,844 548,309 1,125,831 1,203,893 4,191,811 4,362,272 73,252 372,747 3,916,273 30,095,813 58, 057 249,043 417,206 3,401,972 25,969,535 1909 $2,766,283 135,069 670,531 942,381 1,018,302 8,034,543 13,187 27,109 1,308,874 6,685,373 17,598,045 242, 794 2,514,095 5, 171, 764 9,669,392 5,727,014 99,032 369,875 1,246,337 4,011,770 3,492,051 168, 718 507,455 1,815,878 35,855,310 3,093,574 8,755,981 8,479,348 15,526,407 5,369,738 •552,223 918,171 1,483,915 2,415,429 4,600,630 84,522 364,600 4,151,508 25,385,314 102,825 236, 767 989,801 5,724,736 18,331,185 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 3.4 14.3 29.5 52.8 100.0 100.0 2.0 15.9 29.5 52.7 100.0 1.1 4.3 22.7 71.9 100.0 1.3 4.1 12.4 82.2 100.0 9.0 21.1 22.9 47.0 100.0 7.8 15.9 17.0 59.3 100.0 1.7 8.5 100.0 0.2 0.8 1.4 11.3 86.3 100.0 0.2 0.3 16.3 83.2 100.0 1.4 14.3 29.4 54.9 100.0 1.7 6.5 21.8 70.0 100.0 4.8 14.5 80.6 100.0 8.6 24.4 23.7 43.3 100.0 10.3 17.1 27.6 45.0 100.0 1.8 7.9 90.2 100.0 0.4 0.9 3.9 22.6 72.2 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $1,509,690 63,668 229,598 389, 728 3,354,199 2,694,903 90,539 600,656 920,883 1,082,826 3,341,435 53,348 195, 762 835,818 2,256,507 1,520,797 23,399 69,401 202,049 1,226,948 19,083,983 2,211,600 4,752,602 4,112,950 8,006,931 5,003,272 433,600 828,444 853,920 2,887,308 636,798 20,257 76.724 539,817 17,993,876 36.334 154,034 271,314 1,844,998 15,687,196 1909 $1,045,591 65,055 283,926 364,828 341, 782 2,645,433 4,496 8,914 586,467 2,046,556 2,433,777 43,509 446,149 813,364 1,130,765 2,579,006 69, 757 248,245 818,765 1,462,239 1,690,907 86,152 195,027 1,310,728 21,962,911 2,317,843 6,397,874 5,069,803 8,177,391 3,964,864 426, 652 685,678 1,057,831 1,795,903 543,477 26,684 79,405 437,388 14,196,041 66,040 142, 149 648,197 2,921,314 10,518,341 Per cent distribution. 1914 100.0 "i^ 16.2 26.8 66.4 100.0 100.0 3.4 22.3 34.2 40.2 100,0 1.6 5.9 25.0 67.5 100.0 1.5 4.6 13.3 80.6 100.0 11.6 24.9 21.6 42.0 100.0 8.7 16.6 •17.1 67.7 100.0 3.2 12.0 84.8 100.0 0.2 0.9 1.5 10.3 87.2 1909 100. Yl 27.2 34.9 32.7 100.0 0.2 3 22.1 77.4 100.0 1.8 18.3 33.4 46.5 100.0 2.3 31.7 56.3 100.0 5.8 12.3 82.4 100.0 10.6 29.1 23.1 37.2 100.0 A0.7 17.3 26.7 45.3 4.9 14.6 80.5 100.0 0.6 1.0 3.9 20.6 74.1 > Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." Table 19 presents, for 1914, for all industries com- bined m. each of the nine cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those giren in Table 17 for the state as a whole. Statistics for New- port News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of indi- vidual operations. In the cities the same general condition is found as prevails for all industries com- ' Includes the group "less than $5,000." bined in the state, namely, a preponderance as to number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, for establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over. The highest percentage of total value of products reported by establishments in this class, 91.2, appears for Roanoke, and the lowest, 61.1, is shown for Portsmouth. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1555 Table 19 I ■sS ■S.S ■WAGE EASNEBS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT.' O m |l 3 WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. 1 Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. -Amount. Per cent of total. Alexandria 49 l..^ 100.0 $3,660,291 100.8 $1,700,442 100.0 Peteesburg— Con. 820,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over^ Portsmouth Less than S5 000 * 29 21 42 12 16 11 4 466 612 3,163 767 15.7 81.0 100.0 $1,279,949 11,059,331 1,730,657 10.2 87.7 100.0 $615,199 3,457,986 713,458 Less than $5,000 11 18 9 11 43 13 133 210 1,148 2,691 0.9 8.S 14.0 76.3 100.0 22,731 204,634 413, 195 3,019,731 5, ,558,431 0.6 5.6 11.3 82.5 100.0 14,967 110,600 196,773 1,378,102 2,346,262 0.9 6.5 11.6 81.0 100.0 14.6 $5,000 to $20,000.... 82.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 100.0 Danville 18 76 252 421 17,282 2.3 9.9 32.9 54.9 100.0 29,715 165,764 476,952 1,058,226 62,490,667 1.7 9.6 27.6 61.1 100.0 16,028 88,741 248,619 360,170 31,931,865 2.2 12.4 Less than $6,000 7 15 11 10 73 7 97 225 2,362 3,474 0.3 3.6 8.4 87.8 100.0 13,804 199,183 577,755 4,707,689 9,918,779 0.2 3.C 10.4 85.8 100.0 8,468 103,612 318,395 1,915,787 3,407,840 0.4 4.4 13.6 81.7 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 Richmond 34.8 $5,000 to $20,000 50.5 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over ' 100.0 Less than $5 000 Lynchburg 123 138 112 82 11 73 150 701 1,746 7,275 7,410 5,496 0.9 4.1 10.1 42.1 42.9 100.0 270,573 1,500,336 4,698,247 22,084,236 33,937,275 16,581,988 0.4 2.4 7.5 35.3 54.3 100.0 174,456 924,945 2,3.58,299 10,860,852 17,613,313 5,3W,414 0.5 2.9 Less tban $5,000 15 14 25 19 211 17 71 526 2,860 5,900 0.5 2.1 ■ 15.1 82.3 100.0 34,640 178,230 1,208,906 8,496,944 14,955,135 0.3 1.8 12.2 &5.7 100.0 18,422 103,332 547 114 2,738,972 6,646,907 0.5 3.0 16.1 80.4 100.0 $20,000 to SXOO.OOO $100,000 to si,ooo,ooo $1,000,000 and over Roanoke 7.4 $5,000 to $20,000 Si.O $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 55.2 100.0 16 17 26 14 45 23 62 3.53 5,058 346 0.4 1.1 6.4 92.0 100.0 46,617 141,045 1,273,838 15,120,488 1,448,216 0.3 0.9 7.7 91.2 100.0 26,480 85,866 502,658 4,769,511 360,727 0.5 Less than $5,000 53 61 63 34 87 16 21 85 269 1,394 4,152 3,903 1.4 4.6 23.6 70.4 100.0 150,760 642,078 3,183,756 10,978,551 12,609,943 1.0 4.3 21.3 73.4 100.0 102,074 378,799 1, .528, 708 4,637,326 4,216,723 1.5 5.7 23.0 69.8 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 . 1.6 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 Staunton 9.3 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 2 88.6 100.0 13 22 10 15 125 - 200 4.3 36.1 59.5 35, 119 269,035 1,144,062 2.4 18.6 79.0 20,227 149,673 190,827 5.6 41.5 Less than $5,000 23 105 0.6 2.7 43,435 227,228 0.3 1.8 21,202 122,336 0.5 2.9 $5,000 to $20,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $1,000,000 3-.... 52.9 1 statistics tor Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. » Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000.' 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.'- Table 20 shows the size of establishment in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 30 of the more impor- tant industries, and for each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, with the exception of New- port News. Table 20 TOTAL. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — ' industry and city. No wage earn- ers. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage earners. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- Hsh- ments. Wage earners (average num- ber). 11 ii Ii 1^ r II II \ ij Is P 1 is ^0 1 if 1 r An industries 5,508 102,820 324 3,120 7,402 1,380 15,071 334 10,528 180 13,187 113 16,719 35 11,994 11 7,555 11 20,364 8 140 64 443 119 32 32 11 110 37 9 57 533 103 38 22 4 13 87 8 51 21 34 2,218 76 8 25 396 9 76 724 1,555 1,033 1,663 2,169 1,246 10,375 1,282 852 1,390 528 6,310 ?,470 1,082 2,444 1,221 533 606 2,272 714 689 1,428 1,206 694 26,307 1,260 1,260 1,505 2,790 2 8 11 12 7 4 \ 5 1 1 9 1 14 4 4 67 264 389 392 185 127 126 158 130 34 50 275 32 434 146 125 3 2 1 468 222 171 3 1,020 12 1 7 16 ..... 93 12 345 53 1 6 211 36 842 112 4 17 24 30 77 37 3 9 2 27 11 261 415 790 373 37 104 17 285 127 1 9 2 4 6 8 2 1 1 2 13 1 5 9 3 1 1 1 5 3 7 3 39 4 1 8 6 1 2 31 75 652 145 286 460 577 140 76 64 142 1,110 71 365 692 179 100 74 60 362 202 511 168 2,864 262 78 559 437 53 170 2,263 Brick, tile, and other clay products ' Carriages and wagons Mid materials 2 9 4 1 290 1,670 458 221 Cars and general shop construction and repaurs 3 1,139 4 2,901 2 4,037 Clothing, men's, including shirts 2 316 716 262 419 Cooperage 1 3 72 23 183 41 2 6 419 799 1 607 2 4,673 Fertilizer 5 3 2 7 401 37 13 6 15 692 87 35 20 22 31 38 7 6 271 287 424 77 70 Flom-mill and gristmill products 1,134 Fumitiu'e 2 1 3 4 271 139 606 526 Glass ..." 3 31 47 321 1,625 47 123 8 1 4 210 28 125 Iron and steel blast furnaces 2 2. 5 1 15 2 3 5 4 3 6 25 299 389 636 114 2,385 222 433 723 496 469 843 3,550 leather goods * 7 1 34 8 29 5 10 64 5 25 3,218 ■ 98 ..i.... 5 3 13 766 10 1 2 60 m 68 53 162 8,189 124 19 35 610 38 1 580 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 7 109 6 2 6 22 225 3,363 237 93 180 662 Lumber and timber nroducts 11 4,094 317 2 2 194 Paper and wood pulp 1 637 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shell- ing 1 72 3 232 8 585 Silk god^s, including throwsters m ragf ib|S 586 366 1 3 517 2,313 3 2 3,823 5,637 All other industries \(Mi'^z 1556 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 20— Continued. INDU3TKY AND CITY. Estab- lish- ments. Total for cities'. " alexandria. . Danville Lynchbubg . . ^fOBFOLK Peteksburg.. Portsmouth. ElCHMOND EOANOKE Staunton Wage earners (average num- ber). 1,089 49 43 73 211 87 42 466 73 45 41,363 1,504 2,691 3,474 5,900 3,903 767 17,282 5,496 346 earn- ers. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — No. 81 1 to 5 wage earners. 457 23 13 26 91 32 20 192 34 26 1,219 63 33 81 243 48 519 85 59 i to 20 wage earners. 279 12 16 53 24 13 120 17 15 U)0 3,153 112 127 217 602 290 166 21 to 50 wage earners. ■a a In S 126 3-2 VJ ° 174 273 293 884 370 119 1,483 290 51 to 100 wage earners. 113 223 477 751 154 2,019 277 121 101 to 250 wage 6,782 102 385 1,558 528 ^,197 328 251 to 500 wage •58 20 6,740 358 378 2,021 1,862 330 294 1,207 501 to 1,000 03 n 4,127 580 3,547 Over 1,000 wage earners. 10,653 1,555 1,049 4,012 4,037 ' Statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Table 21 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 20, and for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 21 Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. INDUSTRY AND CECY. Cen- sus year. PER cent of total AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to ■ 1,000 Over 1,000 1 to 5 6 to 20 21 to 60 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Allindustries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 7.2 7.3 14.7 16.9 10.2 11.2 12.8 12.9 16.3 15.2 11.7 10.5 7.3 12.9 19.8 13.2 Hosiery and knit goods 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 17.2 27.4 2.1 45.0 4L7 "i.'2 29.4 30.9 4.1 3.8 8.8 9.1 'i9.'4 32.4 15.6 12.8 14.8 18.8 19.4 7.4 12.0 13.2 23.7 21.5 19.0 6.2 3.0 4.2 11.4 11.4 9.4 3.3 15.3 8.4 52.6 46.7 14.1 4.1 42.4 17.1 24.2 37.6 10.9 7.3 20.8 23.6 6.2 30.2 37.1 51.2 15.7 27.1 7.7 20.3 2.7 9.9 11.9 10.5 n.6 23.2 48.2 71.5 35.3 4.3 1.1 25.6 28.2 23.4 27.9 18.1 16.6 14.8 10.8 1.2 0.4 9.S 9.3 18.6 8.4 9.4 ' 5.2 7.3 8.8 39.2 25.0 6.7 11.6 23.0 35.6 4.4 5.6 45.0 53.4 16.4 18.6 6.5 30.1 10.2 21.6 11.8 10.3 11.4 65.6 12.7 Bread and btherbakery products 0.1 20.4 23.0 2.2 4.5 38.8 32.6 9.0 12.3 «1 1.3 0.5 "o'.i 13.2 30.6 7.8 5.5 0.2 25.3 28.2 25.0 18.5 36.4 39.1 29.9 32.4 0.4 0.5 8.1 5.0 2.0 1.7 20.5 13.6 24.1 26.3 •29.6 40.9 Iron and steel, blast {urnaces Leather goods 43.4 48.0 27.2 35.1 52.7 62.0 16.4 21.4 9.1 9.1 17.6 14.2 34.4 26.5 48.0 31.9 17.8 4.8 67.9 33.5 13.4 14.6 18.7 11.4 16.4 4.6 3.2 0.4 1.4 3.6 4.9 12.2 10.8 7.8 5.0 ""6." 2 0.5 0.8 21.0 21.4 1.5 4.8 5.6 4.4 23.3 20.6 31.1 35.3 9.8 9.3 1.5 1.3 2.3 2.9 21.9 25.2 5.5 Brick, tile, and other clay products. Canning and preserving 40.6 42.9 12.7 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime t Carriages and wagons and ma- 23.3 8.8 16.1 21.3 35.7 31.7 26.9 48.9 ■55.I 6.6 7.3 32.3 27.7 Lumber and timber products. . . Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- raiteoad companies. 11.0 6.7 28.0 42.7 38.9 22.7 15.6 11.6 25.2 28.6 'ii'i 'e.'e 8.3 4.5 Clothing , men's, including shirts. 50.6 37.1 22.2 51.6 Coke, not including- gas-house coke. Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling. Printing and publishing Silk goods,includingtlirowsters. Tobacco manulactures 6.4 6.8 0.8 0.5 11.1 17.0 3.0 6.7 17.8 16.0 12.0 27.8 23.5 24.1 12.1 7.3 2.3 2.3 44.9 34.6 6.6 6.7 14.9 15.1 56.7 51.2 33.6 46.8 16.5 41.6 49.6 54.0 6.6 8.9 "i2.'9 9.6 18.0 74.1 63.0 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. 40.0 9.3 10.6 1.9 5.9 16.3 0.6 1.0 64.0 61.6 3.6 3.9 2.9 3.2 3.8 4.2 11.0 6.9 26.5 25.0 17.3 16.3 6.3 5.1 13.1 24.9 1.4 1.6 4.7 5.4 2.9 1.4 1.9 9.4 8.6 7.6 8.2 40.4 12.2 16.0 10.0 60.6 16.9 All other Industries 29.8 30.7 Flour-mill and gristmill products Total for cities 2 'ii.'e 22.2 12.7 26.1 46.4 37.1 25.8 Foundry, and machine-shop Alexandria products. 4.2 1.2 2.3 4.1 2.2 6.3 3.0 1.5 17.1 7.4 4.7 6.2 10.2 7.4 19.8 7.5 3.4 48.0 11.6 10.1 8.4 15.0 9.5 15.6 8.6 5.3 7.5 8.3 13.7 12.7 17.1 20.1 11.7 5.0 35.0 45.5 3.8 11.1 26.4 13.5 'is.'s 6.0 23.8 14.0 58.2 31.6 8.5 38.3 7.0 5.3 Furniture Danville 57.8 Norfolk 14.9 '26.' 5 26.9 Gas, illuminating and heating. . . PORTSMOUTH. . , 83.5 58.4 Richmond " 23.2 73.5 Glass Ti.nx'KmrT. Staunton 1 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent. 2 Statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Of the 5,508 establishments reported for aU indus- tries, 324, or 5.9 per cent, employe dma-wSQ)^®Bes8es. 1558 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 23 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries com- bined in each of the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 23 INDtlSTKY AND CITY. All industries.. Boots and shoes Bread and other bakery products Brick, tile, and other clay products. .. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Gofce, not including gas-house colce. . . Confectionery and ice cream. .., Cotton goods Dyestufls and extracts Fertilizers Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Gas, illuminating and heating Glass Grease and tallow, not Including lubricating greases Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured. Iron and steel, blast furnaces An- thra- cite (toas, 2,240 lbs.). 14,981 2,196 60 365 91 290 241 954 349 527 166 417 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,0001bs.). 2,823,292 4,976 3,866 112,474 5,966 4,962 161,108 ,292,094 4,017 56,429 32,356 56,284 18,306 7,967 4,639 147,841 16,350 9,233 11,231 103,482 33,122 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 558,028 2,335 4,157 67 3 8,551 403 11 18,450 1,629 3,000 478,026 Oil, in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels) 128,690 76 137 215 10,756 SO 305 2,037 244 61 82,432 1,237 205 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 697,699 161 3,171 240 1,125 772 191 661,987 INDXTSTST AND CITY. Leather, tanned, curried,and finished. Lime Liquors, distilled Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures All other Industries Total for cities I. Alexandria.. DANVn,LE Ltnchbukg.. NOBFOLK Peteesbueg.. Portsmouth. Richmond Roanoke Staunton An- thra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 3,846 27 1,144 325 3,946 7,128 225 124 45 576 62 702 5,199 42 163 25,419 34,746 7,432 18,027 67,430 23,562 162,865 9,194 3,671 17,400 26,367 350,496 487, 696 39, 192 27,154 37,331 86,017 23,162 7,933 173,231 '89,916 3,760 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 2,924 353 22 2 38,007 167,888 Oil.in- oluoing gasoline (bar- rels). 211 3 164 754 105 600 10 325 29 22 27,841 108,168 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 160 12,232 168 160 15,966 695,084 1 Statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important industries in Virginia are here presented. Statistics for power laundries are also given. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 24 gives the quantities and values of flour-mill and gristmill products for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 24 1914 1909 1904 Total value $18,084,413 $17,598,045 $13,832,299 Wheat flour: 2,161,767 $10, 702, .588 4,746 $21,829 532,980 $16,452 734,930 $12,680 1,099,215 $3,801,142 91,142 $2,457,357 31,466 $933,213 $12,754 $66,398 1,898,712 $10,263,031 3,204 512,839 1,449,417 $35,080 338,770 $5,657 1,410,351 $4,450,117 109,142 $2,725,432 $70,337 $29,552 1,777,169 Value $8,855,726 Rye flour: Barrels. 2,477 Value $6,866 Buckwheat flour: 564,320 $14,336 Barley meal: Pounds 150,400 Value $2,212 Corn meal and corn flour: Barrels 1,218,294 Value $2,844,946 Bran and middlings: Tons Value 103,028 Feed and offal; $2,069,768 Value $34,388 $14,057 The two most important cereals consumed in the mills of the state in 1914 were wheat and com. For the five-year period 1909-1914 the quantity of wheat used in the fiour and grist mills increased 5.8 percent, but for com there was a decrease of 12.8 per cent. Wheat flour constituted in 1914, 59.2 per cent of the total value of products, 58.3 per cent in 1909, and 64 per cent in 1904. When measured by quantity of production, a coinparison with 1909 shows that wheat flour increased 13.9 per cent; rye- flour, 48.1 per cent; barley meal, 116.9 per cent; and bran and middhngs and feed and offal, 12.3 per cent. The equipment of the miUs was 1,630 stands of roUs, 726 runs of stone, and 205 attrition mills. Twenty-three of the estab- lishments manufactured barrels and one made sacks. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — The fol- lowing table gives the quantity and value of the principal kinds of leather produced in the state of Virginia in 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 25 Total value. Leather: Oak sole — Sides Value Belting and harness- Sides Value All other, value All other products, value. Digitized by M iciusufl® — 1911 39,834,439 •936,781 $7,535,199 184,711 $1,475,819 $589,910 $233,511 1909 $8,200,850 673,757 $4,878,936 414,526 t2,.S78,897 $701, 168 $307,850 1904 $5,829,812 563,907 $2,926,051 139,105 $590,059 $2,213,3K $100,346 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1559 Oak sole leather predominated and formed 76.6 per cent of the total value of leather products for the state in 1914. Its production increased by 263,024 sides, or 39 per cent, as compared with 1909. Belting and harness and all other leather combined decreased $1,014,336, or 32.9 per cent, during the five-year period 1909-1914. The production of rough leather and cus- tom tanning have almost entirely ceased, though for- merly of some importance in the state. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. — Table 26 shows the quantity and value of the pig iron produced by the blast furnaces of the state in 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 26 1914 1909 1904 Total value $3,772,382 $5,389,287 $3,343,427 Pig iron: Tons 293,077 «3, 753, 082 $19,300 387,328 $5,324,997 $64,290 279,103 $3,333,273 $10,154 Value All other products, value. The statistics show the effect of the industrial depression of 1914. The pig iron product in 1914 was nearly 25 per cent below that of 1909, in tonnage, and only a Uttle greater than that of 1904, which was also a poor year. The blast-furnace equipment of the state at the close of the year 1914, active and idle plants, comprised 22 furnaces of 1,018,000 tons annual capacity, according to the annual statistical report of the American Iron and Steel Institute. Hence the year's output was not quite 30 per cent of the capacity of all furnaces. The product was chiefly foundry iron, forge or miU and all other grades, amounting to but 8,531 tons. Coke iron constituted nearly 99 per cent and charcoal iron a little over 1 per cent of the total tonnage. Printing and publishing. — The relative importance of the different classes of newspapers and periodicals is probably best indicated by their aggregate circula- tion. Table 27 gives the number of the different classes of pubUcations in Virginia, and the aggregate circulation per issue, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 27 PEBIOD OF ISSUE. Total Daily Sunday Semiweekly and triweekly Weekly Monthly , Quarterly All other classes i NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 265 258 32 32 9 8 6 12 65 161 31 28 16 7 6 10 241 31 10 8 149 30 10 3 AGSEEGATE CIECULATION PEK ISSUE. 1914 1,232,608 233,975 117, 531 13,385 429,016 232, 195 201, 475 6,031 1909 1,019,968 174, 149 79,258 16, 789 392, 100 183, 605 167,111 6,950 1904 885,391 131,099 62,688 17,000 352, 856 167,448 160,000 4,300 » Of the "all other" classes ol publications, tbree were issued bimonthly, two semiannually, and one semimonthly. The total number of publications in 1914 was 265, compared with 258 in 1909; 32, or 12.1 per cent, were dailies, and 165, or 62.3 per cent, weeklies. Of the total circulation in 1914, dailies constitntadJA;w!|PJCe»oA^; weeklies, 34.8 per cent; and monthhes,*4K.8^per cent. All of the publications were in the English language, except two, one daily and one weekly, which were printed in German. All classes made gains in circula- tion during both five-year periods, except the semi- weekhes and triweekhes, which show a decrease. The circulation of the dailies increased from 174,149 in 1909 to 233,975 in 1914, a gain of 59,826, or 34.5 per cent; and that of the Sunday publications, from 79,268 to 117,531, an increase of 38,273, or 48.3 per cent. The circulation of the weeklies increased from 392,100 to 429,016, a gain of 36,916, or 9.4 per cent. Fertilizers. — The following table shows the quan- tity and value of the materials used and the quantity and value of the different kinds of products reported for this industry, for 1904, 1909, and 1914. Table 28 Total cost.. Ammoniates: Tons Cost Cottonseed meal- Tons Cost Tankage and ammoniates, not else- where specified — Tons Cost Fish- Tons Cost Ammonium sulphate: Tons Cost Cyanamid or lime nitrogen: Tons Cost Nitrate of soda: Tons Cost Phosphate rock: Tons Cost Bones, raw, steamed, and ground; Tons . Cost Pyrites: Tons Cost Sulphuric acid: Purchased— Tons Cost Made and consumed, tons Superphosphate: Purchased— Tons Cost Made and consumed (add phos- phate), tons Kainit: • Tons Cost Potash salts: Tons Cost All other materials, cost.. PEODUCTS. Total value . The fertilizer industry, value Subsidiary fertilizer products from other industries, value Fertilizers: Tons Value Complete and ammoniated fertil- izers — Tons Value Superphosphates — Tons Value other fertilizers- Tons Value Fish scrap: Tons Value oft® All other products, value.. 1914 $7,995,921 194,312 $2,041,289 10,762 $192,061 56,813 $1,024,731 126, 737 $824, 497 18, 414 $1, 125, 171 2,088 $92,581 11,611 $546,069 130, 199 $748, 890 4,206 $108,344 48,378 $231,464 23,612 $132,886 93,071 63,228 $492, 450 187,940 24, 798 $193,366 33,697 $696, 480 $1,586,931 $11,581,495 $11,350,120 $231,375 541,690 $9,524,113 375,256 $7,576,028 76, 130 $669,654 90,304 $1,278,431 27,906 $947,902 1,777,369 $548,522 $560,958 1909 $5,389,110 (■) $2,668,909 59,635 $1,043,117 P) $1,625,792 6,417 $378,451 4,882 $216,431 75, 493 $465,220 (■) W 22,283 $138,565 21,250 $93,528 53,253 30,877 $291,-329 96,417 29,941 $266,883 8,121 $266,368 $613,436 $8,253,081 $8,034,543 $218,538 373,407 $6,779,326 197,272 $4,128,046 $794,367 107, 746 $1,856,912 32,199 $998, 761 605,755 $142,835 $332, 160 $3,240,675 $761,163 (') $567,530 (') $193,633 1,119 $73,634 (') 6,473 $226,697 69,755 $370,928 W W 31,142 $145,927 14,343 $83,507 (') 14,003 $115,281 P) 26,109 $256,915 3,277 $127,190 $1,080,433 $4,659,281 $4,659,281 248,347 $3,879,385 165,951 $3,028,765 52,207 $502,016 30,189 $348,604 (') 0) (1) (') $779,896 ' Figures not available. 1560 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. The total production of fertilizers in 1914 was 541,690 tons, of which complete and ammoniated fer- tilizers constituted 69.3 per cent, superphosphates 14 per cent, and other fertilizers 16.7 per cent. In 1914 the fertilizer industry gave employment to 2,470 wage earners, an increase of 26.3 per cent over the number reported for 1909, and during the same period the value of products increased $3,315,577, or 41.3 per cent. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries-. Table 29 summarizes these statistics for Virginia for 1914 and 1909. Table 29 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members . . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes Cost ol materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 71 1,965 76 195 1,694 1,918 81,055,152 691,603 167, 266 524,337 16,503 38,532 285,809 1,453,912 1909 57 1,523 6a 109 1,351 1,199 $835,607 503,946 89,569 414,377 296 22,552 173,097 1,003,191 Per cent of increase' 1909- 1914. 29.0 78.9 25.4 60.0 26.3 37.2 86.7 26.5 5,475.3 70.9 65.1 44.9 1 Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 Virginia ranked twenty-fifth among the states in amount received for work done and twenty- second in number of persons engaged in the industry; in 1909 it ranked twenty-sixth and twenty-third, respectively. The table shows increases in aU items for the five-year period. Establishments owned by individuals reported 33.7 per cent of the amount re- ceived for work done; those owned by corporations, 45.6 per cent; and those under other forms of owner- ship, 20.7 per cent. For 1909 these percentages were 41.1, 32, and 26.9 per cent, respectively. Table 30 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest number employed in any month of the same year. Table 30 VAOE EARNERS. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maxi- mum. 1914 1909 1914 1909 January 1,601 1,608 1,613 1,674 1,699 1,727 1,761 1,751 1,767 1,718 1,718 1,700 1,283 1,275 1,279 1,314 1,370 1,390 1,412 1,401 1,395 1,376 1,361 1,354 90.6 91.0 91.3 94.7 96.2 97.7 99.7 99.1 100.0 97.2 97.2 90.2 90.9 90.3 March 90.6 April 93.1 jiay 97.0 TuTie 98.4 July 100.0 August 99.2 98.8 97.5 November.. 96.4 95.9 Table 31 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with percentages of increase for the five-year period. Table 31 NUMBER OP HORSEPOWER. KIND. MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 of in- crease,! 1909- 1914. Primary power, total. 149 114 1,918 1,199 60.0 Owned. 67 66 1 82 82 55 53 2 59 59 1,633 1,61| 285 247 3S 1,048 1,031 17 151 151 55.8 steam . . 56.6 Rented - . . . 88.7 Electric 63.6 other Electric— Generated by establishments 62 126 • Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. * Table 32 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with percentages of increase. Table 32 Unit. QUANTITY. re- cent KIND. 1914 1909 of in- crease," 1909- 1914. Anthracite coal Ton, 2,240 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs Ton, 2,000 lbs 1,372 18,716 84 12,906 2,515 9 7,215 Bituminous coal 45.0 Coke Oil Barrels 29 6,377 Gas 1,000 cubic feet -11.6 > A minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1561 GENEBAL TABLES. Table 33 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 60,000 inhabitants or more, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabit- ants, exclusive of Newport News, similar data for all industries combined. Table 34 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statis- tics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual estabhshments; and for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, exclusive of Newport News, similar data for aU industries com- bined. Table 33 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTKY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Nimi- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTEIES. AUindustries 1914 5,508 5,685 102,820 337,567 283,928 $44,873 38,154 $155,320 125,583 $264,039 219,794 Cotton goods 1914 9 6,310 5,057 34,220 19.750 $2,174 $6,057 $10,216 7,490 1909 105,676 1909 10 1,480 4,699 1904 3,187 80,285 176,998 27,943 83,649 148,857 DyestufEs and extracts.. 1904 1914 10 13 3,456 429 9,340 4,309 884 161 2,802 1,138 4,484 • 1,677 Agricultural imple- 1914 20 269 539 122 168 484 1909 14 346 4,209 123 686 1,200 ments. 1909 1904 16 11 272 314 503 383 117 116 244 182 516 404 1904 12 424 4,400 137 393 737 Fertilizers 1914 57 2,470 1,956 19,577 5,560 1,051 700 7,996 6,389 11,350 8,035 Boots and shoes 1914 8 1,555 1,343 716 2,561 3,709 1909 45 1909 10 2,711 1,410 805 4,020 5,809 1904 37 1,801 5,643 571 3,241 4,669 1904 6 1,738 515 369 1,915 2,627 riour-mill and grist- 1914 533 1,082 23,086 463 15,390 18,084 Boxes and cartons. 1914 14 499 406 151 289 726 mill products. 1909 458 1,014 21,454 398 16, 164 17,598 paper. 1909 1904 10 8 558 549 193 127 128 104 153 105 413 324 1904 365 957 16,082 349 12,171 13,832 Foundry and machine- 1914 <103 2,444 7,828 1,413 3,565 6,906 Bread and other bakery 1914 140 1,033 1,161 559 2,188 3,697 shop products. 1909 110 2,798 4,012 1,385 3,148 6,727 products. 1909 1904 135 80 870 569 761 221 418 236 1,721 1,061 2,766 1,606 1904 74 2,095 2,671 917 1,404 3,393 Furniture 1914 38 1,221 2,783 2,326 520 1,080 724 2,085 1,438 Brick, tile, and other 1914 64 1,663 5,852 614 513 1,493 1909 34 990 349 clay products. 1909 1904 86 84 2,090 1,964 5,540 4,977 732 680 510 429 1,922 1,804 1904 26 713 1,500 229 382 803 Gas, illuminating and 1914 22 533 1,488 306 750 2,150 Butter 1914 1909 13 8 90 10 245 135 48 4 476 35 608 44 heating. 1909 1904 21 19 378 268 1,116 357 217 136 481 285 1,472 980 1904 4 3 14 1 16 20 1914 1443 2,169 3,907 360 1,632 2,360 Glass 1914 1909 4 5 606 524 286 245 328 306 258 251 690 Canning and preserving . 682 1909 325 1,860 1,382 277 1,208 1,854 1904 4 472 100 264 169 549 1904 2 170 1,071 1,048 181 790 1,218 Grease and tallow, not 1914 5 213 793 106 469 671 Carriages and wagons 1914 119 1,246 2,229 586 . 1,539 2,748 including lubricating 1909 3 134 225 61 155 220 and materials. 1909 1904 130 102 1,329 1,332 2,032 1,735 529 473 1,283 1,196 2,485 2,292 greases. 1904 3 66 375 32 76 136 Hosiery and knit goods . 1914 13 2,272 1,343 751 2,108 3,516 Cars and general shop 1914 11 317 458 207 156 426 1909 11 1,715 1,079 603 1,467 2,463 construction and re- 1909 7 117 121 72 82 162 1904 14 1,842 1,211 430 1,326 2,108 pairs by electrlo-rail- road companies. 1904 Ice, manufactured 1914 87 714 13,057 378 501 1,796 Cars and general shop 1914 32 10,375 6,980 6,607 10,762 18,216 1909 74 475 8,553 220 268 1,143 construction and re- 1909 2S 7,588 6,412 4,082 6,255 9,956 1904 48 346 4,604 138 172 636 pairs by steam-rail- 1904 29 7,345 4,117 3,663 4,577 8,693 road companies. Iron and steel, blast 1914 8 689 15,210 352 3,282 3,772 Clothing, men's, in- 1914 32 1,282 340 383 1,792 2,765 furnaces. 1909 14 1,320 17,320 546 4,418 5,389 dadlng shirts. 1909 1904 23 20 1,160 891 346 239 288 201 1,160 642 1,819 1,142 1904 10 1,081 12,465 346 2,717 3,343 Leather goods 1914 5 51 1,428 1,105 624 1,943 1,901 3,464 3,492 Coffee and spice, roast- ing and gnndlng. 1914 9 75 281 29 918 1,137 1909 31 1,487 958 527 19C9 10 78 263 36 925 1,206 1904 22- 1,363 599 479 1,148 2,120 1904 4 28 53 ' 8 184 246 Leather, tanned, cur- 1914 21 1,205 3,648 526 8,218 9,834 Coke,notincludinggas- 1914 11 852 2,057 384 1,070 1,607 ried, and finished. 1909 39 1,590 4,223 689 6,445 8,267 house coke. 1909 1904 16 13 1,425 1,094 1,760 4,830 543 440 1,818 1,183 2,416 1,885 1904 44 1,055 2,508 368 4,719 5,830 1914 1909 1904 32 33 17 480 341 226 551 341 214 165 103 68 1,401 1,103 474 1,952 1,525 688 Lime 1914 1909 1904 34 35 ■ 20 694 716 418 1,729 924 371 273 232 148 471 300 235 996 Confectionery 856 497 Cooperage 1914 1909 110 114 1,390 788 1,340 1,236 480 251 1,409 662 2,231 1,090 Liquors, distilled 1914 1909 47 65 123 126 1,111 1,567 62 48 475 233 1,850 1,572 • 1904 42 601 1,029 170 451 793 1904 98 114 999 30 84 431 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 8 37 528 499 265 1,002 1,061 1,632 2,048 Liquors, malt 1914 6 310 2,810 3,176 240 533 1,646 1,616 1909 43 818 296 361 1909 6 354 185 411 1904 1904 6 272 2,172 151 292 1,201 • Includes "canning and preserving, fish;" "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables;" "canning and preserving, oysters;" and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." > Excludes statistics for one establidhment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified. " _ • Includes "automobile repairing;" "gas machines;" "tamand steel, cast-iron pipe; " i'pumps, steam;!ij'steam fittings and steam and hot-water beating apparatus " and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works OTro\m9p*ff.('7^rl n \/ nAinrCl QnTTCR) 'Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and v*Ji8^/ 1 /^^W Uy IVIIK^I KJtjKJI LK> 1562 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 33.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. IND0STET AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds. Mineral andsoda waters Paper and wood pulp.. Peanuts, grading, roast- ing, cleaning, and shelling. Printing and publishing Silk goods, including throwsters. 1914 1909 1904 '2,218 2,617 938 26,307 33,287 15,134 85,754 99,474 44,212 S9,621 9,962 4,972 113,365 13,892 6,891 132,449 35,855 18,727 1914 1909 1904 76 70 15 1,260 1,585 587 3,676 4,553 933 568 651 234 388 351 168 1,404 1,306 595 1914 1909 1904 22 18 14 159 103 73 283 181 - 90 75 41 28 227 129 «4 445 244 145 1914 1909 1904 88 76 28 290 222 105 465 227 55 123 78 38 581 275 61 1,197 622 195 1914 1909 1904 8 9 9 1,260 912 993 13,585 9,770 7,800 692 412 363 3,424 2,148 1,789 5,501 3,657 3,034 1914 1909 1904 25 25 26 1,505 1,516 1,332 2,973 2,271 1,562 328 258 196 9,518 7,126 6,149 10,981 7,933 7,055 1914 1909 1904 2 396 369 309 2,790 2,555 2,101 2,881 2,210 1,309 1,596 1,307 903 2,067 1,405 973 7i070 5,370 3,522 1914 1909 9 7 691 819 1,798 1,858 210 261 1,094 1,011 1,773 1,544 Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves and ranges . Tobacco manufactures.. Upholstering materials, excelsior. Vinegar and cider.. Wood, turned and carved. Woolen goods.. All other industries. . 1914 1909 1904 21 24 3 14 396 342 158 3,084 1,491. 650 1212 118 69 $3,725 4,057 1,746 1914 1909 1904 6 9 4 324 363 299 555 464 300 208 206 186 187 242 181 1914 1909 1904 76 104 143 6,308 7,882 7,931 3,259 3,591 3,385 2,165 2,162 1,829 12,102 11,189 6,664 1914 1909 1904 14 10 10 177 129 109 1,610 1,235 1,040 67 41 37 145 78 71 1914 1909 1904 12 28 6 27 32 17 123 286 54 12 10 4 185 213 31 1914 1909 1904 19 19 13 223 135 97 1,223 737 552 74 38 29 138 71 28 1914 1909 1904 12 16 24 431 542 649 911 1,352 -1,656 168 176. 179 420 667 760 1914 1909 1904 361 315 232 14,106 12,257 16,233 52,816 34,810 28,501 7,361 5,758 6,567 25,644 15,499. 13,222 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. NORFOLK— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Ice, manufactured. Lumber and timber products. Mineral and soda waters . Printing and publishing Tobacco, cigars and cig- arettes. All other industries. . RICHMOND— All in- dustries. Boxes and cartons, pa- per. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 211 215 121 6 4 '13 13 37 6 5 6 35 33 119 128 66 466 380 300 5,900 4,749 2,935 199 178 112 108 79 60 1,173 1,052 284 36 27 224 251 233 48 79 76 4,112 3,083 2,190 17,282 14,849 12,444 444 466 13,038 20,408 259 210 3,572 1,500 2,672 14,082 255 6,187 4,339 33,940 20,087 $2,534 2,041 1,091 129 95 63 86 43 24 468 498 103 14 13 155 155 129 30 42 38 1,652 1,195 734 8,440 5,821 4,150 301 160 110 99 85 $8,308 6,482 3,202 530 350 204 115 63 61 1,033 748 93 63 247 151 106 44 59 41 6,246 4,048 2,364 30,559 24,252 13, 763 129 90 50 $14,955 10,341 5,739 836 695 335 419 226 132 1,912 1,515 671 178 127 849 684 416 106 139 124 10,656 7,066 4,061 62,491 47,358 27,745 501 276 223 BICHMOND— Con. Bread and other bakery products. Carriages and wagons . . . Confectionery Ice, manufactured Leather goods Lumber and timber products. Marble and stone work. . Mineral and soda waters Printing and publishing All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8 13 12 35 4 17 15 13 10 7 S103 82 71 243 196 164 47 23 1,334 1,089 13,622 11,473 9,971 446 408 266 469 334 117 124 122 101 63 154 156 86 188 129 94 60 74 2,003 1,462 348 387 83 278 210 689 632 407 2,410 1,726 71 63 72 130 54 62 17 1,479 941 26,529 15,011 $231 191 100 79 71 66 56 43 51 33 33 198 160 28 370 286 186 53 36 37 29 12 768 585 390 6,505 4,305 $926 839 521 104 45 423 254 186 71 37 738 594 144 716 656 377 32 34 37 151 25 1,213 732 531 26,065 20,887 11,846 1 Includes 2 Includes boxes, wooden packing; " "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills; " and "window and door screens " blank-book makmg;" "engravmg, steel and copper plate, including plate printing:" and "lithographin "" 'bookbinding and 1 lithographing." planing mills connected with sawmills.'; 6 Includes "saddlery and harness" and ''trunks and valises. ' Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VI RGINI A. 1563 Table 33.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDUSTBY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. mDUSTKY AND aTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS i— ALL" INDUSTEIES COMBINED. Alexandria . Danville . Lynchbubg. Petebsbubg . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,504 1,470 1,291 2,691 3,076 3,018 3,474 4,026 2,534 3,903 3,887 3,375 3,250 7,209 4,634 6,505 7,9.52 6,549 5,239 $858 697 655 1,042 963 811 1,545 1,544 1,392 1,107 $1,960 2,731 992 3,212 3,236 2,766 6,511 6,468 2,882 8,393 5,759 3,794 $3,660 4,420 2,187 5,558 5,389 4,775 9,919 10,188 4,965 12,610 8,896 5,891 Portsmouth. HOANOKE . Staunton. . 1914 42 767 2,664 $347 $1,017 1909 31 842 1,777 307 776 1904 28 551 185 486 1914 73 5,496 11,708 3,326 11,198 1909 62 3,544 6,774 1,718 4,044 1904 64 3,089 1,526 3,232 1914 45 346 850 149 1,087 1909 44 339 601 118 896 $1,731 1,528 945 16,582 7,261 5,545 1,448 1,223 ' Statistics for Newport News are omitted, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1564 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 34 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS mimSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSOJJS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBT. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPEESENTATIVB DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of — Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximimi month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES. All industries 5 , 508 Agricultural implements Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbinding and blank-book making Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper Boxes, wooden packiiig Bread and other bakery products. . . Brick, tile, and other clay products. Brooms B utter Canning and preserving, fish... Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canned vegetables Canned fruits Dried fruits Carriage and wagon materials.. Carriages, wagons, and repairs. Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Clothing, men's and youths' Coffee and spice,roa.sting and grinding Coke, not including gas-house coke. . Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery and chewing giun. . Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels All other Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work.. Cotton goods ; Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supphes. Druggist's preparations Dyestufls and extracts Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing. Fertilizers Flour-mlU and gristmill products. Food preparations __ Foundry and machine-shop products Boiler and machine shops. Foundries Furniture Wood, other than rattan and wil- low. Store and office fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating. Glass Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, blast furnaces . . Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime Liquors, distilled Whisky Fruit brandy Liquors, malt Looking-glass and picture frames Lumber and timber products. . . Lumber, planing-miil products . Marble and stone work Marble and stone work, other than slate. ■ Roofing slate 5,508 118,109 6,125 3,290 4,744 1,130 102,820 20 318 18 16 10 5 269 3 10 6 60 1 6 5 48 4 1 2 6 226 9 3 2 3 209 8 1,738 6 39 45 93 1,555 14 570 7 33 21 10 499 21 2,102 10 55 37 11 1,989 140 1,386 148 46 112 47 1,033 64 1,800 49 58 22 8 1,663 12 57 U 2 1 43 13 119 5 8 11 5 90 19 244 14 11 7 1 211 412 2,492 642 48 7 2 1,793 1,713 402 2,389 626 42 7 1 7 77 15 5 1 66 3 6 26 197 1 3 1 6 24 180 7 1 113 96 1,327 1,274 130 111 57 57 63 63 11 11 1,066 1,032 17 11 63 338 19 34 317 15 6 32 11,027 130 612 10 10,375 29 1,383 17 40 81 21 1,224 9 176 « 12 68 15 75 11 922 17 62 1 852 66 847 66 61 99 24 617 32 616 23 31 69 13 480 34 231 33 20 30 11 137 110 1,640 187 38 21 4 1,390 106 1,621 183 38 21 4 1,375 4 34 19 247 4 41 15 168 15 19 4 9 6,379 23 44 2 6,310 15 114 19 5 6 1 83 5 64 3 7 12 2 40 13 480 6 27 13 5 429 4 57 28 2,846 3 7 3 34 22 2,470 126 209 633 1,995 682 118 75 38 1,082 11 74 10 6 6 3 49 83 1,187 84 71 53 16 963 69 1,005 66 64 48 14 813 14 182 18 7 5 2 150 38 1,361 32 50 45 13 1,221 34 1,242 28 47 44 10 1,113 4 119 4 3 1 3 108 22 650 1 34 m 26 533 4 624 11 3 4 606 6 241 2 13 10 3 213 13 2,335 7 21 26 9 2,272 87 941 68 95 55 9 714 8 743 24 30 689 21 1,286 16 32 ■27 6 1,205 34 787 19 42 24 8 694 47 200 44 21 8 4 123 15, 139 10 21 8 4 96 32 6 61 386 34 27 310 34 38 4 4 2,031 14 25,326 2 2,591 2 354 10 22,100 247 34 164 2,671 175 154 9S 28 2,216 76 1,435 78 46 47 4 1,260 71 1,049 76 32 36 3 902 6 386 2 14 11 1 358 Se 108,590 Fe (.') Je Au Ja Fe Ap Je Je Mh« Ap 321 5 75 232 1,730 619 2,247 1,067 2,294 45 103 561 Se 8,372 Se 135 Oc 98 Je 204 Ja 1, 198 Au« 36 Jy 345 Mh 10,613 Mh 1,460 De 78 Fe 1,000 De De 529 175 Je < 1, 761 Je J? De Mh Au De Oa' 25 194 6,713 128 47 455 23 Ap 3,246 An 1, 118 Fe 58 845 175 Mh Ap Je Se 1,187 115 790 240 Ap 2,361 iSi Je Ap 1,020 844 1,317 827 De 118 70 Jy 345 Mh« 12 Ap 24,448 Je 2,369 1 Owned power only. /~)/V7/f /7Pr/' Jy De 93,522 No n Ja De De {^ Au Fe Fe No« Ja« Fe' 243 5 35 191 1,140 472 1,648 996 901 40 82 Ja De 34 De 150 No 787 Ja< 31 Fe 300 Au 10,050 Se 971 Oc< 71 Oc. 693 425 103 Au 811 De 2 Fe < 149 Au 5,857 Se 56 34 377 21 De 1,227 My 1,036 Au< 41 No 780 De * 137 De 1,038 Ja 93 Oc 467 Au 79 De 193 Au 2,150 Ja No De De 502 371 1,115 547 Au Je De 287 De 19,694 De 2,067 n 252 6 48 191 1,540 507 2,233 1,078 1,984 43 91 677 8,921 8,656 167 161 967 932 35 295 10,429 1,220 78 971 707 519 188 1,919 1,891 28 191 6,817 42 23 3,217 1,126 57 970 829 141 1,171 1,064 107 193 2,255 755 720 1,145 647 192 122 70 324 12 28,564 2,199 1,319 984 Fe 7 Fe 324 335 281 id under "Explanation of terms.'' C) 250 5 35 181 1,688 932 1,938 39 87 341 2,660 2,527 98 35 149 968 923 36 292 10, 419 142 66 971 449 286 163 1,704 1,681 23 190 4,431 80 11 483 14 3,215 1,123 49 967 827 140 1,090 983 107 488 618 785 737 718 1,108 647 190 122 68 324 10 28,322 2,147 1,261 186 4,785 4,658 64 63 10 1,067 19 m 13 116 509 316 355 130 m (.') 252 233 19 163 163 1 2,088 22 1,215 35 46 5 155 16 46 3 4 40 518 515 3 169 6 217 51 58 4 54 10 958 956 2 129 157 $261,501,288 661, 896 10,967 49,048 253, 190 2,452,888 611, 182 2,423,479 1,725,547 3,634,956 27,576 183,909 339, 742 1,507,396 1,234,535 242,376 ^ 30,485 350,209 3,084,193 3,049,718 34,475 7,019,648 6,258,149 1,490,127 412,921 3,908,951 1,386,225 929, 396 466,829 1,244,590 1,232,410 12, 180 410, 083 18, 437, 898 166, 141 91,068 2,002,230 8,550 20,559,658 8,911,364 141,351 2,997,570 2,686,162 311, 408 1,972,474 1,843,407 129,067 7,407,783 543,654 387,270 2,014,390 4,215,294 4,250,389 9,289,330 1,253,823 296,220 234,838 61,382 2,757,882 12,633 21,515,522 4,826,497 4,741,446 2,192,800 2,548,646 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. OR MORE. BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1565 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Kent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 15,863,051 15,381,796 t44,873,435 $1,893,922 $656,410 $8,717,117 $147,872,130 $7,447,446 $264,039,041 $108,719,465 337,567 249,044 6,659 44,722 37,142 64,871 4,536 3,960 72,796 48,613 113,886 71, 589 84,276 1,980 9,800 10,340 15,603 10,828 4,700 75 10,884 91,480 91,480 61, 767 193,459 54,896 24,599 28,070 100,003 58,869 41,134 36,696 36,696 22,700 119,800 6,550 9,500 66,712 234,617 141,247 5,042 104,238 97,518 6,720 71,325 62,641 8,684 57,584 23,460 29,458 78,329 127,523 57, 136 91, 150 53,083 22,625 22, 625 87,265 960 537,695 224,181 57,059 41,849 15.210 10,733 2,580 2,698 45,645 25,094 47,267 90,715 21,898 1,080 8,019 3,193 1,617 1,197 420 8,031 72,090 72,090 3,390 459,915 77,986 51,952 46,094 90,605 74,343 16,262 18,098 18,098 16,408 89,142 12,048 14,868 18,993 1,000 272,047 81,380 12,258 59,318 55,696 3,622 38,010 34,930 61,971 5,976 10,265 38,080 49,873 25,813 33,862 22, 199 8,255 8,255 51,303 279, 153 87,234 34,729 28,191 6,538 121, 664 3,802 24,484 77,349 715,806 151,050 691,102 558,767 614,160 14,865 47,670 47, 929 258,247 233,480 17,612 7,155 67,361 618, 181 501, 666 16,515 206,538 6, 607, 104 369,201 29,478 383, 710 236,373 165,335 71,038 480,346 476, 879 3,467 90,675 2, 174, 057 35,751 16,227 160,951 14,354 1,050,645 463,025 20,942 618,801 524,867 93,934 519,812 443,469 76,343 305,892 327, 752 106,461 751,027 378,089 352,434 524,896 273,211 51,784 46:934 4,850 240,400 6,090 7,914,068 1,015,827 567,512 452,360 115,152 3,049 4,234 150 15,000 15,000 702 142, 741 757 757 1,137 137 1,000 300 200 13,432 100 'ioo 910 1,251,387 10,981 11,765 10,897 4,830 354 3,485 3,080 5,915 15,688 2,330 28,728 940 1,180 3,995 375 4,297 4,285 12 12 23,503 21,493 2,010 2,040 10, 133 5,914 35, 267 15, 196 20,071 9,973 9,973 4,853 "i,'424 3,130 981 1,070 2,982 25,967 3,792 21,264 20,994 270 4,188 2,448 30 6,600 26,372 23,851 4,000 1,561 1,320 700 620 970 20, 168 24,452 9,058 7,956 2,963 120 188 1,364 29,656 4,167 12, 794 16,862 13,429 337 1,470 1,008 4,120 3,681 349 90 1,310 19,453 19,291 162 27,053 35, 178 7,427 2,499 21,530 13,206 8,814 4,392 3,605 3,558 47 2,255 111, 723 435 817 14,416 71 82,711 45,326 905 18,354 16,931 1,423 11, 270 10, 749 29, 432 1,704 2,540 10,708 38,342 27,980 32, 003 5,194 1,159,547 1, 110, 840 - 48,707 .254,064 134 138,414 29, 377 11,855 9,603 155,987 1,130 62,519 101,442 2,543,432 282,049 2,428,012 2, 125, 414 165,948 35,002 460,062 161,420 1,258,077 •1,227,093 19, 792 11,192 173,458 1,338,900 1,322,981 15,919 152,862 10,463,372 1,718,955 908,951 50,759 1,794,482 1,384,542 409, 94P 1,405,241 1,402,668 2,573 310,417 5,864,500 73,903 118,102 1,025,517 5,377 7,770,639 15,273,312 263,632 610,750 519,337 91,413 1,057,384 985,312 72,072 102, 157 203, 009 438, 137 2,071,435 204, 313 1, 918, 447 8, 158, 647 285,915 453,314 431, 597 21,717 482, 182 5,700 7,098,626 3,666,233 335, 928 316,592 11,929 212 805 3,287 17,882 7,370 2,409 62, 175 346,628 587 15,829 5,426 22,232 18, 751 750 2,731 4,909 22,005 21,073 932 2,725 9,372 1,019,547 37,161 16,171 20,990 3,511 3,511 2,514 192,801 4,733 178 112,359 490 225,282 116, 198 3,887 46,013 33, 730 12,283 22,274 20,522 1,752 648,100 66,094 30,386 36,305 296,393 1,363,549 59,391 185,090 21,819 20,4.52 1,367 50,376 vll3 135, 138 32,054 52, 216 41,178 484,240 316,324 8,854 7,512 121,387 68,063 261, 766 157,037 3,708,558 1,147,244 726,430 437,011 3,816,150 1,385,729 3,697,279 1,509,690 1,493,285 980,709 62,099 26,510 607,640 131,749 251,009 84,163 1,773,766 493,457 1,692,378 49,578 31, 810 284, 506 2,463,557 2,411,870 51,687 426,334 18,216,056 2,673,734 1, 137, 189 1,606,809 2,712,845 1,952,156 760,689 '2,230,630 2,219,835 10,795 506,689 10,216,185 170, 747 195,052 1,676,879 28,233 11,350,120 18,084,413 332,800 1,654,510 1,425,339 229, 171 2,085,442 1,903,584 181, 858 2, 149, 938 690, 420 670,609 3, 515, 916 1, 79.'), 645 3,772,382 9,834,439 995,361 1,849,876 1, 758, 461 91,425 1,544,757 21,545 22,938,189 5,688,874 1, 404, 086 1,172,378 446,634 29,036 17,887 106, 139 1, 102, 6.52 1,067,816 34,836 270, 747 7,454,475 928,310 218,866 636, 503 881, 202 651,443 329, 759 821,878 813,656 8,222 193,768 4,158,884 92, 111 76,772 539,003 22,366 • 3,354,199 2,694,903 65,281 997, 747 872, 272 125,475 1,005,784 897, 750 108,034 1,399,681 432, 317 202, 086 1,408,176 1,294,939 490, 386 1,616,401 524,356 1,374,743 1,306,402 68,341 1,012,199 15, 732 15,704,425 1,990,587 1,015,942 814,608 539 17 20 105 1,343 406 4,972 1,161 5,852 245 330 3,469 3,246 201 22 600 1,629 1,558 71 458 333 281 2,057 1,089 551 538 1,340 1,259 81 165 34,220 286 4,309 19,677 23,086 284 2,414 2,024 390 2,783 2,627 793 1,343 13,067 15, 210 3,648 1,729 1,111 936 175 2,810 2 70, 126 10,650 3,676 2,996 20 1,200 165 4,875 400 5,369 6 144 322 3,274 3,108 166 586 813 813 44 228 6 4 3 142 116 10 16 5 239 189 60 26 26 166 6 20 105 143 231 97 717 255 17 97 5 6,021 4 10 1,672 467 360 107 1,217 1,136 81 46 18,210 28 10 635 514 21 458 928 301 271 386 607 199 408 49 49 15,277 120 733 4,238 56 13,809 4,491 37 476 2,207 2,147 1,421 155 573 1,220 11, 947 16,210 3,523 1,618 . 1,093 928 165 2,756 206 2,020 2 448 440 32 14,018 216 190 26 15 100 302 15 5,530 2,567 245 1,275 1,001 274 644 448 96 67 131 220 108 708 110 24 67, 907 8,864 2,380 1,700 665 202 131 131 703 400 875 875 56 2 960 1,184 290 2 590 90 29 11,021 15, 736 23 762 193 'i39' 133 6 16 16 22 1,626 466 332 137 240 499 403 405 5 Same number reported throughout the year. 680 680 .... s None reported for one or more other months. 1566 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 34 DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INBUSTKY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR. EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, isth day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— A.LL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats and hat frames. Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground Optical goods Paints Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . Paving materials Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling. Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book pubUshing and printing, in- cluding linotype work. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Printing and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Saddlery and harness Shirts Silk goods, including throwsters Finished products Throwing and winding ; Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and ranges Structural ironwork,not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tinware Tobacco, chewing and smoking Plug or chewmg Smoking Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes Trunks and valises Upholstering materials, excelsior Vinegar and cider Vinegar Cider Wirework, miscellaneous Wood, turned and carved Woolen goods All other industries * 22 210 16 17 16 2 159 3 88 24 476 4 68 1 9 19 290 52 67 6 86 3 4 3 1 75 4 4 24 60 3 5 1 3 20 46 3 3 8 1,357 32 54 11 1,260 6 201 3 15 9 4 170 21 716 14 28 27 5 642 25 1,639 7 50 62 15 1,505 165 1,932 1,892 157 119 112 92 1,452 1,444 160 155 112 96 85 5 40 2 7 16 7 8 218 1,801 229 128 350 125 969 29 935 16 45 302 62 510 150 718 168 50 25 30 445 39 148 45 33 23 33 14 40 352 45 14 ,32 7 254 3 67 3 4 1 1 58 9 5 723 298 13 7 12 11 7 3 691 277 4 425 6 1 4 414 21 615 20 24 62 13 396 5 377 19 29 5 324 11 736 5 40 58 16 617 3 393 10 19 4 360 14 2,075 6 77 266 31 1,695 7 483 4 24 34 4 417 7 1,592 2 • ,■53 232 27 1,278 62 5,195 70 106 9? 52 4,613 11 1,346 8 52 22 1,174 14 219 22 13 4 3 177 12 S3 7 8 8 3 27 9 48 5 8 8 3 24 3 4 19 5 12 262 2 4 22 3 5 223 3 12 4 1 12 464 13 12 7 1 431 245 15,405 177 414 769 162 13,883 Se No 171 27 Je 355 My 90 (s) 20 Ja Ja Mh Se Mh 47 1,351 225 806 1,812 Mh 1,476 Mh2 9 Oc No Mh 518 464 14 270 95 My Je Ja Mh2 Je Se 353 475 505 364 820 464 Ap Ja Mh My Ja 534 1,390 4,916 1,234 190 Oc Se2 m Ap2 De 50 8 5 241 510 re Jy! Ja Ja (») 139 11 No 45 My 1,214 Se 142 De 474 Oc 1, 119 Jy 1,399 Au2 7 re Fe Se 490 433 14 230 6 No 2 213 No 352 My No Ja 330 217 377 247 ] e 278 re 1,145 Au 4,327 re 1,023 No 168 Ja2 De2 Pe Mh 13 4 5 198 397 154 22 303 66 20 45 1,361 215 639 1,812 1,474 1,465 9 490 45a 14 255 102 663 213 450 440 313 748 440 1,730 645 1,185 4,594 1,167 198 50 39 11 5 225 531 123 1 278 65 17 45 1,260 89 637 382 1,047 9 792 419 360 13 251 12 204 100 104 410 308 745 331 903 299 604 1,267 1,005 189 48 37 11 5 222 383 101 116 1,392 388 130 78 342 103 239 28 762 228 534 i,096 56 18 45 11 34 32 104 7 20 7 13 199 2 $325, 992 10,700 1,064,697 456,839 23,239 149,834 7,511,395 371, 121 1,245,113 2,332,266 3,364,301 2,695,907 668,394 2,934,014 1,718,477 875,441 340,096 947,538 13,384 963,073 464, 125 498,948 2,259,042 1,044,770 2,220,812 2,530,898 7,749,778 874, 117 6,875,661 6,717,718 2,924,723 291,153 202,891 184,751 18, 140 19,050 230,855 901, 149 54,547,734 I Owned power only. 2 Same number reported for one or more other months. * All other industries embrace- Artificial limbs 2 Artificial stone products 15 Automobile bodies and pai'ts 3 Automobiles 1 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 10 Bags, paper 1 Baking powders and yeast 4 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . 2 Belting, leather 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 2 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boot and shoe findings 2 Boxes, cigar 2 Brass^ bronze, and copper products . . 1 Cannmg and preserving, oysters 2 Car.?, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies ... 1 Cement 2 Cheese 1 Chemicals 3 Cleansing and polishing prepara- tions 1 Clothing, horsie 1 Clothing, women's 6 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 5 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Cork, cutting 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 3 Envelopes 1 Felt goods 1 Fireworks 1 Flags and banners 3 Flavoring extracts ' 7 Fur goods 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 2 Gloves and mittens, leather 3 Hand stamps 2 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 1 Hats, straw 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolUng mills 2 I ron and steel, cast-iron pipe 3 Iron and steel, doors and shutters 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MAN UFACTURES— VIRGINIA. 1567 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Eent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of iaetory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATES— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. S23;504 71,410 5,030 1,800 3,900 126,575 22,892 39,258 115,183 221,661 201,780 19,881 189,416 101,018 46,398 42,000 27,369 3,600 37,268 12,665 24,603 46,670 43,946 92,416 28,542 166,836 34,762 132,074 200,737 97,371 12,686 9,615 9,615 600 14,560 15,457 951.861 $10,799 180 46,281 4,299 4,480 101,446 13,734 47,350 66,816 137,538 115,877 21,661 342,695 284.334 24,328 34,033 43,472 100 27,461 8,184 19,267 70,557 44,008 53,708 24,685 349, 482 36,400 313,082 488,168 82,966 4,392 6,950 , 6,950 3,360 5,770 988,244 $74,672 5,195 122,501 38,040 13,454 20,623 691,753 34,567 279,898 327,955 845,432 838,647 6,785 599,466 377,613 209,553 12,300 127,536 13,867 210,331 88,400 121, 931 212,476 208,381 415,271 174,110 499,072 109,988 389,084 1,665,509 496,804 67,074 11,876 11,105 771 2,360 74,460 168, 195 7,266,792 $160 $7,146 1,380 17,334 1,797 1,350 3,000 3,310 1,872 5,719 11,447 1,744 841 217,327 56,639 53,922 163,405 54,809 1,830 180,507 51,738 13,47r 8,048 32,232 15,888 158,982 - 1,250 500 3,618 12,812 775 24,013 24,013 7,400 7,400 1,300 1,598 2,591 132 10,748 6,200 4,548 10,256 1,305 100 600 2,198 ""i,m 254 254 1,910 1,910 25 420 1,795 200 91,564 1,712 $1,240 635 7,735 980 134 32,884 2,492 4,107 17,641 26,943 22,465 4,478 16,529 10,226 4,643 1,660 6,531 40 4,277 1,586 2,691 12,374 6,658 12,135 6,918 1,511,526 190,563 1,320,963 4,561,626 20,086 1,768 633 586 47 65 945 5,104 204,947 $221, 993 16,300 570,478 39, 164 21,086 111,689 3,130,524 232,095 512,240 9,487,430 1,144,424 1,091,535 52,889 680,238 430,398 135,909 13,931 730,756 45,819 1,076,863 305,211 771,652 3,678,526 173, 035 1,519,846 677,853 4,427,750 416,643 4,011,107 7,669,824 1, 197, 235 140,244 183,312 • 177,287 6,025 3,065 136,750 409,662 24,248,879 $4,791 79 10,032 7,460 579 2,136 293,007 2,544 42,594 43,253 42,547 706 46,184 31,255 13,462 477 7,977 429 16,989 6,757 10,232 46, 948 13,751 34, 772 11,016 53, 701 9,338 44,363 60,662 7,088 5,129 1,808 1,618 190 146 1,686 10,173 ,089,434 $445,020 28,397 1,196,734 107, 326 45, 658 184,077 6,501,084 376,847 1, 135, 097 10, 981, 169 3,402,181 3,060,596 341,585 3,094,685 2,034,690 697, 988 361,907- 1,042,972 91,364 1,772,931 834,943 937, 988 4,362,272 528,447 3,140,530 1,125,294 8, 766, 179 1, Oil, 656 7,753,523 21,330,634 2,420,881 274,665 270,934 261,059 9,875 10, 167 339,593 789,623 39, 338, 170 $218,236 12, 018 616,224 60, 702 23,993 70,252 2,077,653 142,208 580, 263 1,463,083 2,214,604 1,926,614 287, 990 2,469,163 1,573,037 548,627 347,499 304,239 45,106 679,079 522,975 156, 104 636,798 341,661 1,685,912 436,425 4,283,728 585,675 3,698,053 13, 710, 148 1,216,558 129,292 85,814 82,164 3,660 6,956 201,167 369,788 13,999,867 283 1 465 850 6 190 13,586 ■ 288 2,110 2,973 1,347 90 35 158 1 210 170 6 66 260 81 125 168 14 200 ■■4,'87i' 72' 108 199 175 49 5 7 600 125 5,026 150 8,075 45 1,985 2,803 225 12 167 30 1,150 1,344 3 1,250 167 30 1,147 3 1,040 15 33 177 766 452 10 23 1 172 765 267 15 32 150 7 1,798 348 1,460 3,084 555 4,261 35" 4 13 28 102 7 243 63 190 201 460 4,072 478 66 412 306 1,005 235 770 2,846 105 170 60 60 ■■■■jj- 490 "'490' 19 334 1,086 307 778 2,174 966 1,610 246 621 201 320 2,150 911 1,610 36 36' 10 100 90 10 79 464 16 448 24 32 92' 92' 946 299 460 12 123 87 36 7 1,223 911 49,661 23 23 64 64 7 36 25 7,519 56" 22,613 1,179 430 35,136 • 8 111 906 ■"345" 6,090 3 Same number reported throughout the year. Iron and steel forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Jewelry 1 Irard.refined, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establisluaents.. 1 Liquors, vinous 2 Lithographing 2 Locomotives, not made, by railroad companies 1 Millstones 1 Mirrors, framed and unframed, not elsewhere specified 2 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Musical instruments, organs 2 Oil, cottonseed, and cake 2 Patent medicines and compounds 32 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 10 Pipes, tohacoo 2 Plated ware 1 Pottery 1 Printing and publishing, music . .' 1 Printing materials 1 Pumps, steam 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Roofing materials 2 Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Scales and balances 1 Shipbuilding, including boat building. 29 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Smelting and refining, copper -. . 1 Smelting and refining, zinc 1 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soda-water apparatus 1 Statuary aha art goods 1 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heatmg apparatus .' . 1 Stencils and brands 2 Stereotyping and electrotyplng 1 Sulphurjc, nitric, and mixed acids ... 1 Tools, not elsewhere specified 1 Varnishes : . . . i Wall plaster 3 Whips 1 Window and door screens 2 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wood preserving 3 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1568 MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. Table 34.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY AND CITY. Num- ber o£ estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OH NEAB- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. fSala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, • and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 NORFOLK— All industries. . . Bread and other bakery products Carriages and wagons 211 6,762 172 265 328 97 5,900 My 6,406 Au 5,320 6,136 4,764 1,308 41 23 $13,756,972 2 1 15 7 3 9 8 9 5 6 35 15 99 263 164 23 157 134 300 30 55 418 66 5,162 12 10 4 14 2 8 6 2 34 16 64 12 8 30 15 10 '""i" 1 1 3 ...... 20 "'59' 199 121 18 129 108 262 18 36 224 48 4,737 Se2 Je Jy2 Jy Au Au Mh Mh 204 143 18 151 131 278 26 43 231 60 Fe De De De De De Oc Je 191 71 • 18 113 88 235 14 30 217 31 196 112 18 127 99 237 21 39 219 52 5,016 189 112 18 126 99 235 21 39 178 50 3,697 5 2 389,338' 399,799 14,294 226,840 590,587 505,894 59,350 110,099 618, 759 91,927 10,750,085 4 Copper, tin, and s heet-iron work Foundry and machine-shopproduots. Ice, manufactured 5 6 8 14 18 3 7 42 1 152 6 9 9 3 8 98 1 150 1 7 Lumber, planing-mill products, not including plaining mills connected 2 S 9 Mineral and soda waters in 35 2 1,266 6 11 Tobacco, cigars and cigarettes All other industries * T* 30 23 * All other industries embrace- Agricultural implements 2 Artiflcialstone products 2 Awnings, tents , and sails 1 Bags, other than paper 4 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boxesand cartons, paper 3 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brick 1 Brooms Canning and preserving, oysters Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Chemicals- 1 Cleansing preparations 1 Clothing, horse 1 Clothing, men's and youth's 2 Clothing, women's 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertaker's goods 1 Confectionery and Ice cream 11 Cooperage 2 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apia- rists' supphes 1 Druggists' preparations 1 Electroplating 1 Fertilizers 2 1 KICHMOND— All industries . . 466 20,533 350 731 1,725 445 17,282 Ja 18,596 Au 16,372 17,703 13,038 4,273 179 213 848,667,108 5 9 21 19 4 22 10 12 4 10 6 25 8 8 13 17 13 5 10 4 60 33 7 5 21 -16 154 13 414 650 149 2,071 318 210 108 82 81 33 307 225 118 405 775 ■ 87 45 77 59 1,048 468 332 50 86 5,073 8,135 3 7 23 24 15 5 10 5 12 4 22 7 8 8 14 15 6 5 52 17 3 2 12 10 93 10 360 446 117 1,981 214 154 60 76 60 23 256 205 94 348 689 71 36 47 44 798 182 143 39 Oe Oc Jy Je2 Se 16 376 460 124 2,009 D6 2 Je Fe De Je 7 344 432 108 1,945 11 368 451 108 1,959 268 151 117 68 63 27 240 208 88 347 641 70 35 40 68 820 193 147 46 8 120 364 108 1,951 188 91 97 68 63 19 239 204 88 333 612 70 30 37 23 579 180 143 37 3 240 86 10,008 484,999 784,048 219,915 1,703,507 557,641 240,001 317,640 64,259 99,335 60,045 529,805 267,618 1,101,810 1,292,658 1,324,238 70,929 35,214 74,960 83,078 1,884,374 840,811 454,675 86,345 299,791 12,174,114 25,003,742 22 13 3 24 20 10 10 "■■"4" 2 15 8 8 11 27 1 3 11 9 60 40 12 2 26 115 335 18 47 5 65 53 32 21 1 4 3 9 1 6 30 39 7 21 ...... 16 9 7 ...... 1 5 4 2 8 6 5 1 3 4 Bread and other bakery products — 6 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. 8 75 60 15 5 s Confectionery and chewing gum . Ice cream Cooperage, hogsheads and barrels — Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 00 2 De Fe ^e My Se Jy^ Ja Je. My Oc2 Au2 De De 160 114 105 72 . 28 286 213 107 365 741 79 40 54 62 821 Au No Au Ja /o Ja Ja2 No De No 2 Se Jy 144 44 53 60 18 236 191 75 324 637 66 33 39 28 764 9 in 5 11 1'' 2 1 3 1 5 11 Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. 14 1 Ti Ice manufactured . 16 13 1 29 17 1« Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work ... 5 3 39 229 8 1 7 •><) 12 3 76 167 149 1 17 561 ■625 2 3 62 62 25 6 31 77 167 6 12 5 ■ 3 2 22 Printing and publishing, book and job. Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. 0^ Oo De2 149 46 My 135 36 25 26 Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishmg without prlntmg 4,310 6,915 Ja 4,585 Au 4,112 4,233 7,397 1,388 6,366 2,661 897 17 96 167 38 ''H 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 2 Artificial limbs 2 Artificial stone products 1 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Babbitt metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 4 Bags, paper 1 Baking powders and yeast 4 Baskets,andrattanand willow ware. 1 Belting, leather 1 Billiard tables and materials 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 2 Same number reported for one or more other months. Bluing 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 5 Boot and shoe cut stock 1 Boot and shoe findings 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes, cigar 1 Brick 3 Brooms 3 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 3 Clothing, men's and youth's 1 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding 7 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cork cutting 1 Druggists' preparations '. 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Electroplating 2 Engravmg, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 3 Envelopes >. 1 Fertilizers 3 Flavoring extracts 3 Flour-mill and gristmill products 3 Fur goods 1 Gas, illuminating and heating 4 Glass 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 1 Hand stamps 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool '. 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 2 Iron and steel, forgings, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— VIRGINIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND "FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1569 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eentot factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OK MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $500,592 $360,493 $2,534,413 $109,410 1157,575 $169,136 $7,811,< $496,535 $14,955,135 $6,646,907 13,038 9,031 74 3,933 779 15,260 16,400 11,800 24,200 27,038 3,500 11,880 69,044 1,200 320,270 26,501 13,172 600 6,106 12,500 12,180 1,135 4,814 100,856 900 181,729 129,226 70,761 12,272 89,785 86,066 121,169 13,938 13,695 154,887 29,585 1,813,029 100 6,646 lbs, 764 6,326 8,700 745 2,640 20,900 5,200 970 3,360 19,570 2,055 88,109 3,422 2,216 66 1,691 12,158 3,703 565 678 4,917 9,289 130,431 518,067 212,580 10,692 73,617 34,876 571,627 34,344 92,199 235, 893 43,483 5,984,315 11,526 3,418 104 6,285 79,847 1,065 267 966 11,438 146 381,473 836,030 376,712 37,786 227,175 419,223 841,022 74,571 178,340 848, 703 105,945 11,009,628 306,437 160,714 26,990 147,273 304,500 268,330 39,960 85,176 601,372 62,316 4,643,840 . 259 166 2 215 3,572 810 19 52 296 7,647 40 3,542 760 10 16 4,537 I 68 176 91 2 175 30 50 19 42 296 3,052 95 100 584 Flavoring extracts 2 Flour-milland gristmill products 1 Food prepa^tions 2 Furniture 1 GaSjilluminating and heating. 1 Hosiery and knit goods 3 Jewelry 1 Lime 1 Liquors, malt 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Lumber and timber products 3 Mattresses and spring beds 3 Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats, and hat frames 1 Paints T 1 Patent medicines and compounds 7 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 3 Plated ware 1 Regalia and society badges and em- blems 1 Rubber goods 1 Saddlery and harness 2 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building 8 SiUc goods, finished products 1 Smelting and refining, copper 1 Stencils and brands 2 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Wirework 2 $1,560,618 $2,163,547 $8,439,602 $530,970 $217,337 $6,309,136 $29,689,870 $62,490,667 131,931,865 33,940 18,185 1,183 7,074 10,390 35,353 34,164 4,400 38,293 41,674 22,600 19,174 2,700 2,100 21,590 18,474 17,425 39,501 57,211 1,560 3,720 17,460 14,780 131,090 68,467 29,627 2,020 36,820 284,152 726,404 21,390 43,185 3,680 61,706 50,555 40,821 9,734 1,740 2,588 8,538 11,710 5,181 6,463 49,625 34,618 14,045 2,637 87,674 163,319 128,355 3,469 31,495 771,014 823,879 4,897 110,350 231,237 79,079 1,311,942 94,553 55,773 38,780 32,952 40,109 8,233 158,782 134,936 51,090 197,582 52,967 21,613 28,902 18,866 457,081 157,402 136,484 20,918 1,800 1,475 7,278 5,750 5,246 757 757 1,250 2,347 1,520,397 3,356,738 210,158 157,966 9,337 2,082 146,547 2,198 154,494 16,424 7,935 8,489 1,500 2,074 2,472 8,216 2,398 300 5,536 6,970 1,160 2,030 4,291 5,113 28,197 25,156 21,048 1,590 2,518 8,650 77,101 64 2,984 9,098 2,218 7,145 8,601 123,632 898,322 92,703 983,984 5,977 2,970 3,007 405 1,220 646 4,591 612,689 418,167 194,532 96,666 50,302 100, 166 130,171 1,215 9,973 9,076 9,176 123,324 23,348 730,728 709,703 751 240 1,285 1,176 29,350 43,599 148,834 98; 063 16,155 5,057 3,408 1,448 5,771,282 449,402 743,524 181,525 160,247 13,094 8,184 9,404,046 14,356,591 326 5,116 26,423 2,976 53,474 17,613 4,556 13,067 278 558 1,630 12,175 3,361 47,473 7,557 6,250 2,407 637 2,073 1,160 25,378 14,249 12,140 2,021 80,948 556,871 21,661 500,948 1,615,285 266,686 2,618,262 1,092,926 698,370 394,656 149,467 111,366 126,431 401,701 301,523 286,486 1,209,966 1,319,263 112,893 85,367 270,951 165,445 2,097,734 1, 170, 151 802,711 56,943 310,497 24, 856, 752 23,719,513 12,634 372,200 690,540 161,008 1,580,804 462,624 275,657 186,967 62,523 60,506 24,635 259,365 174,838 215,666 471,681 603,310 81,136 41, 121 120,044 66,222 1,328,832 974,377 630,324 41,828 302,225 15,371,759 8,806,051 301 459 101 1,854 546 188 358 3 22 120 476 173 2,003 278 2,410 130 26 62 41 792 417 376 41 165 142 1,854 240 160 80 11 6 136 317 90 31 152 120 1,975 195 2,340 25 12 U 150 26 270 3 22 87 53 16 71 70 95 20 26 11 640 417 376 41 1,899 21,822 1,460 9,315 1,040 7,030 449 4,437 2 '856' 10 1,158 578 7,438 ' Same number reported throughout the year. Leather, taimed, curried, and finished 2 Liquors, distilled 1 Liqours, malt 2 Litnographing 2 Locomotives, not made by railroad companies 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 2 Millinery and lace goods, trimmed hats and hat frames 2 Minerals and earths, ground 1 Mirrors, framed ana unframed, not elsewhere specified 1 82101°— 18 99 Models and patterns, not including pa;per patterns 2 Optical goods 1 Paints 1 2 Paper and wood pulp 3 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 3 Patent medicines and compounds 8 Paving materials 1 Peanuts, grading, roasting, cleaning, and shelling 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 4 Photo-engraving 2 Pottery 1 Printing materials 1 Roofing materials 2 Sausage, not made in slaughtering and meat-packing establishments 1 Scales and balances 1 Shirts 1 Silk goods, finished products 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 3 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soda-water apparatus 1 Statuary and art goods 1 Stereotyping and eleotrotyping 1 Stoves and ranges 3 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling niills 2 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 1 Varnishes 1 Vinegar and cider 2 Whips 1 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework 2 Wood, turned and carved 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1570 MANUFACTURES— VI RGINI A. Table 34 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS mDTJSTEY AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, ORNEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. TotaJ. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. TJnder 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Alexandria. Danville Lynchburg.. Petersburg . Portsmouth. BOANOKE Staunton 49 1,719 37 85 73 20 1,504 43 2,860 31 57 67 14 2,691 73 3,958 58 135 167 124 3,474 87 4,320 63 174 141 39 3,903 42 900 47 37 40 9 767 73 6,016 51 107 311 51 5,496 45 446 49 21 27 3 346 Ap Jy My Mh My My 1,644 2,760 3,635 4,180 868 5,782 381 Au 1,296 Ja 2,579 Au 3,155 De 3,633 Ja 690 re 5,116 re 275 1,542 1,425 84 22 11 2,799 1,821 874 49 55 3,669 2,607 1,051 63 48 3,933 2,265 1,449 171 48 835 633 170 22 10 5,648 6,389 253 5 1 369 251 99 19 J4, 573, 526 6,783,464 8,425,636 6,497,139 1,477,650 9,666,114 813,273 1 Owned power only. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTUKh^S— VIKGIWIA. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 to 50,000 INHABITANTS— Continued. iOtory prodnrts, valup AH other products, not specified, value.. ■ Includes full-cream, part-cream, and other kinds. ' Includes sweetened, unsweetened, and evaporated milk. 3 Included in "all other butter, cheese, and condensed-milk factory products," to avoid the disclosure of individual operations. The production of butter increased 5,510,453 pounds, or 48.8 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, as compared with an increase of 3,579,680 pounds, or 46.4 per cent, from 1904 to 1909. Butter put up in prints or rolls formed more than two-thirds of the total quantity reported in 1914. Cheese, which decreased 54.2 per cent in quantity from 1904 to 1909, increased 221 per cent from 1909 to 1914, while for the decade the increase was 47.1 per cent in quantity and 109.3 per cent in value. The largest increase during this period was made in the manufacture of condensed and evaporated milk, but neither the quantity nor the value can be shown separately without disclosing the operations of individual establishments. The value of these pro- ducts is therefore included in that for "all other butter, cheese, and condensed-milk factory products." Printing and publishing. — The newspapers and periodicals of Washington show a decided growth for the last two five-year periods. Table 25 shows the number of publications and aggregate circulation per issue, classified according to period of issue, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. There was an increase of 69 in the number of pub- hcations during the period from 1909 to 1914, and 53 from 1904 to 1909, while the aggregate circulation per issue increased 307,941, or 28.8 per cent, during the more recent period, and 313,228, or 41.5 per cent, dur- ing the earher period. From 1909 to 1914 the aggre- gate circulation per issue of each class of pubhcations increased, with the exception of the semiweekhes, which decreased 13,899. The Sunday pubhcations show an increase of 32,549 in circulation. Of the 43 daily papers pubhshed in 1914, 17, with an aggregate circulation of 146,251, were morning papers. Table 25 PEEIOD OF ISStJE. Total. Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly All other classes.. NUMBEB or PUBUCATIONS. 1911 1909 1901 438 369 43 12 111 307 53 12 316 7 226 42 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PEB ISSUE. 1914 1,376,495 456,489 276,212 46,038 276,979 256,479 64,298 1909 1,068,554 317,158 243,663 69,937 252,396 161,624 33, 776 1904 755, 326 186,618 130, 161 85, 811 217,845 118,491 16,400 ' Includes two triweeklies. In 1914 the largest class of pubhcations in foreign languages consisted of the weeklies, which also had the largest circulation. The distribution of the pubhca^ tions in foreign languages in 1914, according to the language in which printed, is shown in the following statement : mJMBEE OF PUBLICATIONS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES. PEEIOD OF ISSUE. All classes. DaUy. Sunday. Weekly. Monthly. Total 31 4 2 21 4 German 10 2 8 1 1 3 4 2 1 2 6 2 4 1 1 3 1 Danish 1 2 4 2 1 laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 26, however, sum- m-arizes these statistics for Washington for 1914 and 1909. Table 26 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Eent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. Percent of in- crease,! 1914 1909 1909- 1914. 192 172 11.6 3,744 3,731 0.3 205 195 5.1 241 272 -11.4 3,298 3,264 1.0 4,022 3,084 30.4 $2,838,858 $2,165,715 31.1 2,160,303 2,032,703 6.3 265,045 275,057 -3.6 1,895,258 1,757,646 7.8 , 7, 160 11,692 -38.8 * 131,329 113,580 15.6 655,300 546,545 19.9 4,261,620 3,814,825 11.4 'A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. In 1914 Washington ranked tenth among the states in amount received for work done and thirteenth in number of persons engaged in the industry. Table 27 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laimdries on the 15th Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. 1591 of eacli month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the greatest nmnber employed in any month of the same year. Table 27 ^ ■WAGE EAENEES. MONTH. Number. Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1911 1909 January 3,282 3,227 3,267 3,300 3,318 3,316 3,370 3,344 3,377 3,268 3,260 3,241 2,946 2,957 2,986 3,066 3,169 3,389 3,537 3,663 3,579 3,391 3,262 3,229 97.2 96.6 96.7 97.7 98.3 98.2 99.8 99.0 100.0 96.8 96.5 96.0 80.4 80.7 81.5 83.7 86.5 92.5 96.6 February March April May June July August September 97.7 October November 89 1 88.2 Table 28 gives statistics as to kinds and amoimts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with the percentages of increases for the five-year period. The kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase, are given in Table 29. Table ZS HOESEPOWEB. POWEB. ENGINES OB MOTORS. Amount. Per cent of of in- crease,' > 1914 1909 1914 1909 1909- 1914. 249 200 4,022 3,084 30.4 107 104 •2 1 142 142 104 98 5 1 96 96 3,049 3,024 23 2 973 961 12 2,418 2,392 24 2 666 594 72 26.1 steam engines 26.4 Internal-combustion engines 46.1 Electric 61.8 Other Electric — Generatedinestablishments re- porting 326 1,585 1 A mlnussigu (— ) denotes decrease; bercentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 29 Unit. QOANTITT. Percent of in- KINt), 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Tons (2,240 lbs.)... . Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Tons (2,000 lbs.).... Barrels.-. - 250 9,880 809 44,724 9,600 8 10,279 1,883 17,499 14,765 —3.9 Coke —57.0 Oil, inolnding gjV'nliTif* 155 6 1,000 cubic feet —35.7 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. GENERAL TABLES. Table 30 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the cities having 50,000 idhabitants or more, and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhab- itants, similar data for all industries combined. Table 31 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in cities with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detail for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual estab- hshments, and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTEY AND aTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries. , Artificial stone products. Awnings, tents, and sails. Boxes and cartons, paper. . Brass and bronze prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery products. Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 '1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 3,829 3,674 2,751 6 4 11 7 7 390 298 165 40 66 57 101 97 •88 67,205 69,120 45, 199 72 105 72 121 46 133 110 44 45 40 38 1,419 969 454 962 735 374 399,567 297,897 168,342 136 117 118 60 1,265 412 117 5,404 6,060 2,665 3,21 2,20 $61,703 49,766 30,087 1,001 704 314 420 m S136,609 117,888 66, 166 106 122 277 662 139 97 19 84 60 24 3,548 2,566 529 763 270 1246,326 220, 746 128, 822 243 325 13 468 216 197 49 180 136 64 6,572 4,570 1,656 2,027 3,082 1,091 Canning and preserving. Carriages, wagons, and re- pairs. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by electrio-raihoad compa- nies. Care and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Clothing, women's. CofEee and spice, roasting and grinding. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 27 37 825 13 11 P) 12 2,352 2,029 150 241 201 382 410 4,543 2,716 1,327 405 269 170 159 62 41 193 131 64 510 612 458 4,565 2,433 1,491 264 130 1,223 7,160 3,( 1,341 180 81 31 35 16 280 104 258 333 SI, 322 1,272 147 203 168 341 346 3,541 1,990 173 100 61 103 41 22 117 76 277 296 204 $5,279 5,046 2,351 266 319 188 269 342 3,080 2,484 1,1 604 369 147 207 81 52 1,502 824 265 1,211 679 $9,450 9,695 3,617 624 720 482 633 733 7,027 4,666 2,769 974 « 617 263 413 168 106 2,237 1,399 524 1,783 2,208 1,311 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fish"; "canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables"; "canning and preserving, oysters"; and "pickles, preserves, and sauces ' s Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations, s Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. 1592 MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. DJDUaTBY AND aiT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. 1914 1909 1904 4S14 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8 8 14 2 112 81 133 100 96 76 27 30 6 5 243 178 112 14 15 11 50 36 23 13 12 7 6 6 7 32 25 12 443 34 130 6 12 6 25 31 31 263 97 86 415 583 246 928 644 613 101 121 25 2,128 2,439 1,487 55 71 51 544 582 306 630 465 108 52 59 53 159 163 99 101 160 117 164 188 171 883 765 476 1,062 912 90 273 207 41 13,401 11,773 8,516 491 157 76 6,645 5,117 2,851 17 14 6 1,407 1,284 677 2,568 1,479 454 17 10 $189 61 41 355 521 238 744 464 410 62 72 13 1,834 1,967 1,090 38 56 31 363 410 174 487 273 78 29 21 23 147 140 78 82 123 81 112 126 87 933 709 601 $284 134 61 829 903 288 20,272 15,474 12,771 456 372 24 3,000 3,724 1,791 60 144 53 452 602 300 759 661 149 79 59 55 144 141 41 365 602 203 80 109 ISO 2,801 2,231 984 $580 273 143 1,620 1,946 727 23,665 17,853 14,664 663 695 77 6,837 7,988 3,945 164 316 132 1,098 1,389 625 2,369 1,684 602 148 120 108. 651 658 243 646 1,012 436 250 376 335 9,458 6,903 4,472 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Marble and stone work. . . Mattresses and spring beds. Mineral and soda waters. . Optical goods.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 '1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 6 939 1,263 1,099 27 38 18 10 12 5 63 49 33 10 t »32 18 10 11 9 4 '638 506 8 383 64 '60 39 11 14 9 13 4 9 38,079 43,749 30,137 189 473 196 190 166 132 108 118 64 22 14 13 45 38 29 57 62 26 2,341 2,624 1,797 1,444 744 501 864 828 335 53 72 275,848 224,455 128,236 1,612 1,210 394 680 485 218 293 158 $29,336 31,327 19,820 160 410 157 142 131 61 97 91 43 20 15 7 20 19 13 72 73 20 2,092 2,140 1,364 1,152 643 312 691 575 287 44 53 $38,474 36,879 19,418 277 269 98 332 437 99 212 171 85 53 43 10 142 106 37 23 30 10 2,435 2,224 1,056 987 562 547 16,901 13,760 5,423 50 113 $83,536 89,155 54,999 673 1,022 418 614 718 269 513 492 270 Foundry and machine- 21 11 143 shop products. Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Photo-engraving 105 52 94 95 273 258 99 Furniture 64 54 165 Printing and publishing. . Shipbuilding, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing. Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. Tobacco, cigars 184 56 Gas, illuminating and heating. Gloves and mittens, leather. 3,093 2,232 2,035 5,866 2,105 9,824 9,286 4,765 S,101 1,550 1,077 Ice, manufactured Leather goods 3,080 2,210 906 67 76 31 384 245 68 6,315 5.675 2,907 2,149 1,883 550 60 99 18,444 16,664 6,252 143 211 Lime 115 114 102 369 250 201 215 305 266 4,928 3,451 3,288 - 158 205 176 3,82^ 2,422 2,233 217 240 226 21,631 17,376 13,059 563 All other industries 681 604 Liquors, malt • 49,816 19,411 13,407 34,730 23,802 18,283 CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. SEATTLE— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Brick, building Butter.. Canning and preserving. . Carriages, wagons, and re- pairs. Clothing, men's, includ- ing shirts. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 W1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,014 763 467 132 78 38 5 5 4 1110 7 84 10 12 10 5 5 84 14 2 45 36 13 12,429 11,623 6,390 534 295 134 79 137 61 46 22 30 210 59 112 109 90 266 141 109 332 383 270 236 362 120 44,001 38,267 663 148 430 482 250 55 1,123 233 120 73 134 213 133 116 $9,935 8,589 4,318 416 260 109 69 100 29 32 19 22 169 44 66 60 95 76 103 58 40 171 190 122 189 282 125 $37,770 28,783 14,358 1,283 893 264 42 37 16 751 439 496 424 234 429 56 117 100 346 236 115 671 890 456 481 557 141 $64,475 50,814 26,406 2,355 1,550 495 176 269 67 909 514 562 777 394 610 155 298 264 596 374 1,129 1,491 821 906 1,131 352 Flour-mill and gristmill products. Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Furniture. Ice, manufactured. Leather goods - Liquors, malt . Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10 7 6 15 11 3 382 71 41 8 7 5 24 17 6 4 5 4 279 165 147 52 65 13 1,004 1,230 562 32 37 32 100 166 24 49 61 65 62 81 56 481 362 176 2,337 3,268 1,065 3,425. 2,366 91 48 3,125 2,787 8 4 227 239 1,155 721 30 41 2,547 1,880 15,917 19,971 $222 111 32 39 7 880 1,023 431 20 32 19 75 139 19 43 63 45 37 603 300 200 1,893 2,242 644 $6,202 3,872 4,158 219 1,367 2,042 870 33 75 37 98 140 18 37 68 22 227 267 1,063 877 391 3,705 3,918 657 $7,601 4,430 4,594 327 442 42 3,262 4,290 1,817 91 150 91 273 405 62 209 226 116 386 444 191 4,800 2,815 2,122 6,420 8,148 1,835 1 Excludes statistics of one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 2 Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified." ..^ ' Ii^cjufies "automobUe repairing"; '^engines, steam, gas, and water"; "hardware"; "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified": "pumps, steam and other power" "steamnttmgsandsteamandhot-waterheatmg apparatus"; and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills " ^ r , t- •Includes"saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." 6 Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mlll products, not including planing mills coimected with sawmills": and "window and door screens " o Includes "nerfumerv and co.'^Tnetip.';." w^*^. Includes "perfumery and cosmetics, ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book makrog" and "lithographing." 8 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations, « Figures cannot be shown without disclosing individual operations. '" Figures do not agree with those published, because it ~ " corporate limits of the city. 11 Includes "canning and preserving, fish," and 'pickles. IS, prfeserves, and sauces:" data only for those establishments located within the MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON . Table 30.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1593 INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary -liorse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SEATTM!— Contd. Marble and stone work . . Mineral and soda waters. . Patent medicines and compounds and drug- gists' preparations. Printing and publishing . . Slaughtering and meat pacldng. Tobacco, cigars All other industries. SPOKAITE-AU in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- ironwork. Flour-mill and ^Iktmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture and refrigera- tors. I.eather goods. Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 n909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 n909 1904 4 5 13 12 10 a 12 8 3 3 214 133 190 3 4 4 24 24 287 204 144 277 284 188 22 33 18 11 10 5 16 13 6 3 4 4 523 14 10 7 4 4 64 6 13 '20 22 24 27 54 34 32 54 " 24 20 24 15 1,057 1,042 892 325 166 56 65 57 4,594 3,036 2,146 3,020 3,901 2,428 414 260 101 61 126 118 64 111 60 62 61 45 221 1,190 1,264 791 900 468 12,337 7,410 20,362 9,130 301 84 565 531 14,868 4,088 $28 47 25 35 42 17 12 12 4 952 904 656 379 240 125 45 45 42 3,559 2,252 1,360 2,465 3,036 1,669 256 170 58 42 58 53 120 51 55 47 33 202 213 148 15 12 7 5 21 612 886 581 $35 81 44 79 62 29 83 42 14 1,148 1,042 511 9,706 6,410 3,029 52 46 57 9,662 6,218 2,401 94,454 10,089 4,700 216 115 252 165 125 195 70 1,446 1,464 918 317 415 230 27 12 9 28 150 30 1,249 1,350 1,467 $80 218 111 167 191 156 153 41 4,613 4,009 1,987 11, 133 7,171 3,419 145 140 143 17,809 11,672 5,410 16, 636 18, 617 8,831 1,889 1,211 359 213 406 271 266 408 164 1,810 1,832 1,089 730 871 515 55 37 46 224 64 2,347 3,091 2,458 Mineral and soda waters - Printing and publisliing . Tobacco, cigars All other industries TACOMA— All in- dustries. Bread and other bakery products. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine- shop products. Furniture - Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and pubUshing . Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Tobacco, cigars All other industries. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 n909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 8 56 46 40 14 15 16 97 114 55 339 277 236 26 19 7 5 6 8 18 13 7 5 4 27 23 10 15 10 7 10 '26 31 124 "58 42 18 35 5 6 6 15 17 15 130 102 95 338 365 224 30 46 47 1,002 1,401 638 6,765 6,820 4,457 180 164 65 64 26 56 49 258 116 102 370 392 358 337 285 173 2,146 2,936 1,815 293 293 167 17 31 75 54 77 64 2,981 2,432 1,533 400 387 3,054 3,176 24,086 22, 666 122 109 3,047 2,630 1,014 649 742 626 10,323 12,862 546 264 8,180 5,427 s? 329 376 194 23 38 37 852 1,087 490 4.964 4,714 2,906 116 84 46 33 14 24 60 67 48 215 76 70 253 213 194 97 1,548 1,969 1,120 260 253 141 14 29 65 36 47 37 2,209 1,702 1,005 $23 25 477 205 50 4,448 5,034 1,332 17, 391 14,946 8,157 412 333 110 94 34 83 79 89 64 6,071 3,430 2,069 697 439 283 348 218 2,611 2,8S9 1,310 119 21 38 170 46 53 40 6,797 6,788 3,535 $53 60 26 1,942 2,120 1,042 68 103 125 7,217 8,2 9 2,692 27, 708 24,462 14.264 8.35 667 211 200 66 194 200 231 172 6,695 3,844 2,294 1,321 1,368 621 690 420 5,060 6,040 3,408 1,158 1,094 623 50 93 274 120 150 125 11,448 10,323 5,6-.5 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1904 1914 •1909 ■ 60 43 86 96 73 98 93 1,568 1,509 1,922 1,666 1,314 1,969 2,200 13,280 9,582 10, 170 5,176 $1,219 995 1,318 1,027 858 1,610 1,585 $2, 612 2,172 3,366 2,422 1,651 4,000 3,486 $4,815 3,590 6,264 4,600 3,294 6,530 6,593 1914 n909 1914 1909 1904 42 35 47 48 33 - 682 601 311 388 242 2,343 1,967 1,737 1,600 $402 373 250 323 181 $873 930 1,216 1,385 929 $1,937 2,152 2,015 2,317 1 486 Belltnqham Walla Walla 13,663 10,021 1 Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. s Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 'Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making," "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing" and "lithographing." < Figures do not agree with those publishM, because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. ' Includes "automobile repairing" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." ® Includes "saddlery and harness" and "trunks and valises." ' Includes "boxes, wooden packing"; "lumber, planing-mill products,not including planing mills connected with sawmills; and "window and door screens." 8 Includes "tinware, not elsewhere specified." 8 Includes "automobile repairing"; "engines, steam, gas, and water"; "steam fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus"; and "structural ironwork not made in steel works or rolling mills. " 18 Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 11 Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making" and "lithographing." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1594 MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. Table 31 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSTRY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED m THE njDUSTRY. WAGE EABNERS, DEC. 16, OB NEAR- EST EEPBESENIATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerics, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. re- male. Male. re- male. MaximuTti month. MinimuTTi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries 3, A gricultural implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts., Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Belting, leather Bookbmding and blank-book mak- ing. Boots and shoes Boxes and cartons, paper B oxes, wooden packing Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick , All other , Brooms, from broom corn , Butter, cheese, and condensed milk.. Canning and preserving, fish Canning and preserving, fruits and vegetables. Canning and preserving, oysters. ... Carpets, rag Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies. Cement * , Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations. Clothing, men's, including shirts.. Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, and cloaks Shirtwaists and dresses Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Coffins, hmial cases, and undertak- ers' goods. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electroplating , Engines, steam, gas, and water , Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Macaroni, vermicelli, and noo- dles. Miscellaneous, for human con- sumption. All others, including food for ani- mals and fowls. Foundry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, other than rattan and wil- low. Rattan, willow, and metal Store and office fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Gloves and mittens, leather Hand stamps 21 11 390 40 31 9 9 101 48 18 27 26 5 4 3 9 12 6 6 25 4 100 67 33 8 112 4 8 100 27 7 10 10 190 8 17 185 14 4 50 78,448 3,155 2,919 4,158 1,011 155 17 106 80 99 121 15 66 217 156 385 69 2,123 1,111 712 399 1,094 1,927 420 216 33 196 147 49 400 4,822 718 45 5 457 192 97 95 313 52 697 189 611 12 33 1,355 154 67 25 62 2,343 U9 418 1,806 81 97 633 495 29 109 894 81 51, 12 8 437 32 30 2 11 38 17 11 3 9 30 22 4 4 8 4 4 15 3 90 58 32 .5 118 6 10 65 23 167 9 20 138 16 ' Owned power only. 2 Includes rented 1 109 14 5 1 153 4 14 135 AQigjMz&d ei^c 12 14 4 10 5 149 52 28 24 •2 71 89 21 11 109 60 1 209 12 2 3 7 141 4 28 109 3 7 190 13 ,4 32 bfc./ 67,205 134 10 72 58 67 72 6 36 178 133 45 1,419 962 612 350 60 1,715 367 176 24 150 110 40 382 4,543 620 32 405 159 78 81 193 33 638 510 128 263 415 5 21 928 101 .48 13 40 1,850 102 353 1,395 65 81 544 437 22 85 630 52 Je 75,182 I De 53,071 Je .Ta4 Je Je Je< Je (f) Ap< Ja No My J7 Oo Je Je My Au< 174 11 116 69 74 89 6 37 203 173 449 53 1,483 1,288 800 505 65 Je 1,004 Au 3,215 Au 934 No Au 329 30 Ap 166 Ap 125 Mh* 45 My 421 Se 4,747 Ap 795 Oc 36 («) .la 470 Mh 179 Ja 96 Mh 90 Ja< De De Au No Au •?> Ap* Se Je No Je Je 207 35 739 628 157 313 5 23 1,076 140 50 16 75 Ap 2,092 My 141 My 429 Mh 1,669 Oc4 83 Se 85 Ap 673 461 Ja4 25 Ja< 91 Ap 702 Ap 66 No Je« Ja< Ja Ja* De & Je Jy> Je 61 164 112 196 De De Pe 1,335 De 608 Ja De Jy Ja Ja Ja< Jy Ja* 384 182 53 714 385 6 21 19 126 No No No* 33 De 340 De 4,198 De Pe z De De Jy No Je* Pe Pe* Ja Ja* Pe (.') De Jy My Ja* Oo* Ap 390 27 336 119 41 73 171 31 681 474 106 160 360 5 14 791 87 46 11 30 No 1,604 Au 82 No 275 No 1,152 Je 35 Pe 75 De Jy 520 412 /lici^^Q^& Au* Oo De De No* 18 73 660 37 (») (») (') (») (.') 146 10 88 60 65 69 6 35 180 163 437 44 1,462 1,106 724 382 66 819 3,102 1,108 434 25 133 100 33 340 4,443 839 34 145 10 88 47 65 39 6 24 133 38 400 42 974 1,096 716 380 60 745 2,647 557 348 22 133 100 33 340 4,443 839 34 2 1 29 1 11 39 124 21 1 467 "'ii' 57 603 635 86 3 8 16 1 14 10 8 2 ...... ...... 16 37 5 1 15 11 • 364 163 75 78 179 33 739 614 125 309 447 5 19 1,001 101 47 15 39 1,689 91 288 1,S10 82 87 527 424 22 81 560 59 33 29 49 38 11 106 27 307 217 90 299 438 5 19 979 89 42 11 36 1,686 91 288 1,307 32 19 514 411 22 81 560 27 33 335 103 37 66 72 6 429 394 35 10 7 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 22 10 5 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 50 68 7 7 1 6 6 32 $277,715,262 615,112 11,710 246,630 148,251 124,044 372,623 69,947 91,631 1,067,937 240,623 750,798 140,089 2,997,999 6,588,988 4,620,955 1,968,033 147, 105 5,799,740 11,525,141 567,640 314,894 10,841 547,948 435,080 112,868 1,200,039 7,176,047 9,380,375 467,646 1,237 628,448 225,275 114,378 110,897 1,022,671 195,713 1,211,765 885,438 326,327 795,852 1,070,320 7,469 78,527 15,505,690 632,464 213,423 16,435 402,596 9,464,447 176,592 1,567,671 7,720,184 153,367 84,937 1,309,493 1,118,937 51,342 139,214 23,639,196 110,795 51,532 m for reasons stated under "Explanation of terms." MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON . 1595 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSE:!. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Trimary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments rerort- iug. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- T>oration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Sle^m en- gines.! In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines.* Water wheels and mo- tors.i Eleo- trio (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 16,146,340 85,357,748 $51,703,052 12,132,242 $1,337,671 $3,812,867 $131,352,710 $5,256,599 $245,326,456 $108,717,147 399,567 301,923 399,567 301,923 3,385 9,306 84,953 27,532 202 7 136 48 94 40 9 28 194 60 2,208 118 1,265 5,404 3,099 2,305 80 3,212 3,665 387 336 18 289 218 71 1,223 7,160 18,237 89 202 7 31 48 76 40 9 28 194 60 739 118 1,135 2,355 2,150 205 80 1,034 802 98 6 18 270 207 63 1,223 4,414 12,662 67 5 236 6 230 495 89 26 12" 1,181 59 46 18 1,409 60 95 3,042 942 2,100 33 7 7 2 2,068 2,256 285 303 86 607 4 27 24 19 11 8 2,746 3,975 22 1,600 180 35 16 19 299 116 642 258 384 1,062 273 41 50 13,401 491 140 16 335 5,993 708 922 4,363 17 42 1,407 1,097 85 225 2,568 17 33 180 35 16 19 299 116 553 206 347 135 228 41 SO 9,066 491 140 16 335 5,033 708 903 3,422 13 42 450 205 20 225 285 17 33 ""235' 35' 8 8' 108 108 ""m 67 60 17 923 22 2 20 4 45 1,917 221 2,197 613 347 13 600 - 6 341 4 929 889 40 28 3 25 2,027 256 15,502 1,820 18,835 7,140 4,600 12,508 3,380 4,682 23,366 19,857 37,900 14,260 88,646 79,109 45,849 33,260 8,025 143,117 226,339 21,604 13,345 8,872 8,872 10,232 209,991 82,757 10,048 600 19,268 24,606 15.890 8,616 43,395 11,745 65,924 44,924 21,000 18,612 66,178 1,800 283,001 19,920 8,840 900 10,180 281,664 6,860 32, 176 242,639 7,554 2,482 45,164 30,424 4,720 10,010 83,822 1,000 3,950 9,873 590 6,425 2,970 2,484 17,242 5,460 867 21,655 6,424 11,425 4,153 230,680 73,662 40,421 33,131 1,920 96,322 116,009 16,416 10,413 9,560 8,060 1,500 110,066 102,241 7,922 39, 195 14, 137 8,660 5,477 119,396 7,187 128, 110 116,958 11,152 11,533 33, 595 520 720 267,938 9,537 3,478 1,800 4,259 170,738 3,440 36,808 130,490 5,780 5,698 16,616 13,496 1,800 1,320 189,227 3,929 4,740 115,444 7,148 65,302 66,618 49,684 5S,877 6,087 27,768 111,644 58, 166 219,998 41,859 1,000,888 626,376 391,722 234,654 30,437 657,321 1,072,806 143,603 42,176 13,008 147,402 107,226 40,176 340,871 3,541,193 495,447 25,324 172,972 102, 889 66,028 37,861 117,478 24,687 365,828 276, 896 88,932 189,027 355,315 3,176 22, 494 743, 620 62,400 27,634 7,477 27,289 1,580,630 83,125 282,898 1,214,607 38,022 29,035 352,876 272,236 11,867 68,773 487,309 28,704 25,992 1,000 225 44 42 516 1,174 1,406 6,494 3,126 3,663 6,756 300 5,456 650 26,813 192,453 1,601 600 600 528 1,676 832 1,550 1,550 40O 6,152 172 1,289 697 20,576 20,576 948 12,304 400 11,904 735 3,555 3,111 10, 195 5,844 15,780 2,940 6,574 3,937 8,585 4,921 2,951 157,426 1,555 1,455 100 610 14, 703 23,461 2,128 1,632 17,968 15,078 2,880 2,200 294 17,314 12,063 6,316 6,748 30,627 260 92, 730 71,554 21,176 726 43,357 1,470 2,656 31,725 3^961 480 1,850 6,631 83,247 7,266 3,610 72,471 9,952 2,970 15,417 6,648 1,200 7,569 126 2,142 5,850 1,165 58 1,096 471 651 3,906 409 1,051 6,341 1,667 6,881 922 27,581 34,017 10,318 921 39, 138 115,911 2,434 2,461 36 5,627 4,358 1,269 16,913 10,939 30,874 1,991 21 3,073 1,298 789 509 8,124 906 10,372 7,145 3,227 6,960 10,090 26 461 119,644 4,176 1,126 107 76,754 2,062 14,831 69,861 1,257 415 13, 895 12,521 233 1,141 171,411 .1,07! 177,093 5,479 104,666 55, 816 36,047 276,340 16,749 33,460 496, 188 82,349 373,089 79,599 3,438,977 160,195 109,421 50,774 93,327 9,367,276 3,996,365 805,217 98,479 4,641 254,698 214, 697 39,901 240,306 2,881,504 754,351 248,356 1,257 601,070 205, 447 129, 067 76,380 1,491,932 82,061 1,318,126 927, 646 390,480 280,322 817,366 547 30, 368 20,070,584 446,650 128,812 24,563 293,275 * Same number reported for one or more other mon 17,360 90,885 124, 816 77, 769 7,330 145 1,826 1,658 2,471 1,275 123 1,094 3,562 2,318 9,965 4,259 108, 743 216,443 152,554 1,100 144, 432 112,767 9,328 1,932 574 11 297 8,321 2,976 18,425 198, 404 757, 328 10,309 43 2,651 1,347 820 527 10,011 2,392 42,229 28,418 13, 811 3,385 11,197 700 1,172 201,911 9,647 3,715 1,185 4,747 2,489,680 141,989 593,032 1,764,659 69,227 103,255 160,045 7,694 49,223 103,228 538 739 438,538 330,293 13,556 8,072 392,053 29,160 243,021 , 169,999 149,183 467,902 52,768 112,069 707, 177 216,278 789,019 179, 794 6,672,356 2,026,801 1,328,182 698, 619 167,158 11, 807, 897 7,634,076 1,120,149 243, 212 32,900 524,345 416,195 109,150 632,805 7,026,916 2,639,219 373,553 4,977 974,077 413,280 258,258 156,022 2,236,749 164,499 2,474,506 1,783,228 691, 278 580, 139 1,619,870 14,917 84, 991 23,665,382 663,020 220,376 48,742 393,902 6,976,823 297,881 1,252,814 4,425,128 163,613 168,904 1,097,990 811,144 207, 630 23,536 136,539 112,625 111,665 191,287 35, 896 77, 505 207, 427 131,611 405,975 96,936 3,024,636 1,497,609 1,002,318 495,291 72, 731 2,296,189 3,524,944 305,604 142, 801 27,685 258,450 192,177 66,273 374,074 3,947,008 1,127,540 114,888 3,677 370,456 206,486 128,371 78,115 734, 806 80,046 1, 114, 151 827,164 286,987 296, 432 791,307 13, 670 53, 451 3,392,887 206,723 87,849 22,994 95,880 148,298 610, 559 2,567,241 103,848 64,910 646,897 472,779 1,056 4,427 634,254 51,325 235,521 2,369,188 ' Sairfe number reported throughout the year. DicMh.eW'%7 Mmi 32,909 140, 209 1,610,118 68, 503 63,323 6 No wage earners employed. 1596 MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. Tablk 31 ^DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS WDUSTET Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED JIN THE INDTT3TBY. ■WAGE EARNERS, DEC. 16, OK NEAR- EST REFKESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Arm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age nmn- ber. Number, ISth day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTEIES— Continued. Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Iron and steel forgings Jewelry Lime Liquors, malt Lithographing Lumber and timber products. - Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing nulls connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments, vioUns and other stringed instruments. Optical goods Paints , Patent medicines and compounds. . Photo-engraving Picldes, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book pubMshing and printing. . Linotype work, typesetting Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job' printing. Publishing without printing Bice, cleaning and polishing Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing. Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and ranges. . Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified. ...... Trunks and valises "Window and door screens Wood, turned and carved Woolen goods All other industries * 10 87 S 9 8 2 60 32 223 20 25 17 2 159 4 25 3 2 1 19 17 221 19 2 15 12 173 6 178 1 8 12 3 154 25 1,141 5 77 161 15 883 4 90 8 8 3 71 821 39,040 592 980 874 133 36,461 91 1,519 54 87 87 18 1,273 27 247 26 15 15 2 189 10 222 2 7 20 3 190 3 45 5 1 1 38 60 203 67 14 10 4 108 11 33 13 2 1 17 8 10 9 45 7 i 2 22 6 7 6 6 58 10 IX 7 23 28 70 23 9 4 .•i 29 H 80 7 9 7 57 12 130 4 16 14 2 94 220 1,377 200 91 112 42 932 201 1,271 186 sa 70 33 897 12 64 8 4 40 8 4 7 42 6 2 2 1 31 402 2,764 351 162 771 178 1,302 31 1,109 24 42 462 54 527 269 1,346 268 76 175 75 752 102 309 59 44 134 49 23 9 67 42 1 13 11 33 127 39 6 7 4 71 64 1,623 75 36 60 8 1,444 11 1,039 6 31 96 42 864 4 65 3 3 4 2 53 13 215 8 14 15 2 176 115 355 127 1 6 6 215 6 21 6 4 2 9 10 46 9 5 2 30 6 13 6 7 5 15 4 1 1 9 4 139 9 3 1 126 174 3,717 108 165 290 88 3,066 Oc Je Mh Au 98 227 28 191 186 11 998 85 42,601 1,478 Fe 222 Ja Fe Ap 200 112 130 20 (») 2 Je< Ap Jy 22 26 41 60 143 Oc 1,099 Oc Ja Ap< 1,064 5 34 Oc 1,340 Oc 540 794 Ja< 24 My My Fe 12 74 1,717 Mh 912 My Ja 60 198 Oc Jy 222 13 Mh 34 15 17 149 Je 34 88 162 17 154 138 26 162 17 147 136 62 Fe 112 De 13 De 153 De 113 5 2 2 De 741 770 69 44,657 1,329 763 57 44,519 1,317 7 12 96 Fe 61 De 26,333 Ja 1,073 42 12 Jy 152 Au 181 193 193 191 23 106 20 - 173 3 104 18 18 20 De 10 No 91 De 14 2 2 (3) 2 (') 22 Ja< 20 2 2 22 22 33 57 132 22 20 31 53 54 2 2 3 53 De 14 Ja 52 De 79 1 "'25' Jy 866 940 778 139 22 1 Jy 830 No 3 904 4 32 743 3 32 138 1 22 1 No 25 Au 1,268 1,331 1,153 154 24 Au 508 Au 736 534 775 494 638 38 115 2 22 Se< 21 22 21 1 Ap 10 Jy 69 No 1,126 11 74 1,302 842 49 178 11 73 1,300 810 49 178 1 2 No 829 32 De 47 No « 142 Jy 206 Ja< 6 231 13 187 13 44 No 22 29 10 16 148 26 10 16 115 3 Ia< 4 My< 6 De 95 33 1 $157,241 1,868,928 47,615 729,630 1,374,547 13,879,230 220,009 88,412,502 4,136,166 1,262,223 593,626 16,180 692,845 29,474 9,753 70,140 198, 133 238,583 104,067 436,031 2,169,466 2,019,036 67,470 82,960 4,009,591 1,683,021 2,025,846 300,724 64,714 414,649 4,699,883 6,923,655 131,337 603,313 281,155 67,485 71, 165 27,790 43,594 361,086 36,776,570 1 Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. * All other industries embrace- Aeroplanes and parts Automobiles Babbitt metal and selder Bags, other than paper Baking powders and yeast Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing Boot and shoe findings Boxes, cigar Brushes ^ Buttons " Cars-, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 2 China decorating, not including that done in potteries 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke 4 Cordage and twine 1 Cordials and flavoring simps 1 Cutlery and edge tools 1 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiar- ists' supplies 3 Druggists' preparations 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 4 Emery and other abrasive wheels 1 Engraving and diesinking ». 3 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 2 Explosives 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Feathers and plumes 2 Fertilizers 1 Fireworks 1 Flags and banners 2 Flavoring extracts ;. 4 Fuel, manufactured 1 Furs, dressed 1 Gas and electric fixtures 4 Glass 1 Glass, cutting, staining, and ornament- ing 7 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow, not including lubri- cating greases 1 Hardware 1 Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 3 Hats, fur-felt 1 Ink, writing 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1597 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power suae- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent ol factory. Taxes, includ jng in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.^ In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Contmued. 111,369 34,420 3,000 6,750 21, 120 257,567 ^17,920 2,139,959 162, 176 31,275 15, 170 2,000 19,950 3,120 15,755 19,203 240 19,700 18,405 246,668 12,588 1,076,260 95,939 17,325 22,858 468 12,288 120 13,080 17,545 11,947 16,380 176, 709 166,690 5,715 4,304 368,922 156,020 126,654 86,248 600 10, 150 90,350 126,290 6,100 1,200 3,600 3,651 1,200 10,969 461,805 13,335 12,120 5,910 6,924 16,896 141,310 97,819 41,481 2,010 948,958 573,725 214,421 160,812 8,460 9,055 117,970 153,578 3,600 16,212 6,101 1,212 1,047 780 3,520 443,248 $27,335 146, 673 11,806 155,928 111,890 59,295 28,095,603 1,016,059 160,315 142,075 14,232 96,759 12,163 854 20,390 14,495 11,044 71,974 63,641 662,601 629,772 2,100 30,729 1,341,974 652,497 674,348 15,129 6,180 64,891 1,151,913 691, 172 43,683 166,135 158,407 8,038 17,110 5,085 6,181 70, 126 2,488,037 tlOO 480 600 548 16,218 4,320 1,210,796 822 304 510 '225' 6,830 1,416 88,233 46,298 41,935 $6,522 6,886 1,650 10,862 464,745 3,082 24,816 436,847 25 32,180 600 278 9,525 6,764 8,825 116,273 21,642 9,208 17,756 2,882 13,500 2,605 2j517 8,612 9,388 7,034 7,782 7,390 117,871 113, 206 2,822 1,844 141,847 56,046 69,002 16,799 2,785 23,567 14,168 5,040 2,540 3,780 12,320 870 6,070 314 972 740 86, 121 $836 18,850 324 1,135 7,249 1,129,703 1,111 1,495,462 41,175 7,494 6,419 189 6,899 265 54 970 1,653 1,248 607 3,058 12,996 12,096 229 671 34,628 14,885 17,888 1,855 450 3,834 45,237 51,078 952 4,373 37,069 4,869 400 100 883 2,039 148,432 $72,796 65,651 21,582 183,334 49,079 2,630,349 75,798 35,100,204 2,520,566 264,370 324,575 31,588 203,182 5,957 1,090 52,220 148,463 92,872 20,511 251,338 697,227 690,171 5,193 1,863 1,543,114 792, 174 701,686 49,254 196,694 332,695 961,776 15,822,465 46,103 248,498 215,788 6,991 30,048 6,691 4,251 155,144 16,233,004 $1,004 78,042 4,144 5,618 31,014 170,326 2,189 402,521 59,957 12,244 7,706 260 8,933 973 931 2,438 3,091 2,338 3,385 22,774 20,589 56 2,129 59, 169 26,318 32,088 763 1,636 2,151 35,087 78,309 4,075 9,460 1,373 280 689 821 11,703 1,363,262 $166,566 661,429 48,876 418, 131 260,079 9,458,265 207,097 78,130,004 4,595,765 673,123 614,271 85,042 513,478 41,741 13,380 142,513 264,502 199,678 165,216 452,112 2,648,838 2,423,426 140,726 ■ 84,686 6,866,299 3,110,338 2,620,493 1,126,468 261,933 562,771 3,101,446 18,443,526 143,143 550, 447 663,246 37,669 82,896 20,972 18,348 272,163 27,547,437 $92,766 407,736 23,150 229,179 169,986 6,657,580 129,110 42, 627, 279 2,016,242 396,509 281,990 63,204 301,363 34,811 12,260 89,362 113,611 103,715 142,367 197,389 1,928,837 1,712,666 135,477 80,694 5,254,016 2,291,846 1,886,719 1,075,461 64,603 227,925 2,114,583 2,642,762 92,965 292,489 346,460 29,305 52,568 13,692 13,276 105,316 9,961,171 3,080 123 190 384 6,315 81 265,269 8,320 1,612 680 4 293 65 3 21 191 80 64 177 875 2,122 1,103 986 33 108 58 5,866 2,149 60 470 47 9 51 125 350 29,121 1,004 90 150 3,849 256,868 4,914 150 820 51 66 54 30 3,866 445 10 75 100 6,810 55 2,513 4 120 122 5 17 37 1,849 33 190 210 2,051 81 5,078 3,365 530 4 -210 65 21 191 13 64 58 875 1,931 1,099 799 22,015 575 30 1,8 1,6 108 58 2,605 60 470 51 47 250 19,679 1,055 ' Same number reported throughout the year. * Same number reported for one or more other montlis. Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 Ivory, shell, and bone work, not includ- ing combs and hairpins. 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere spedfled. 2 Xeather, tanned, curried, and finished. 3 Xiquors, distilled 1 XooUng-glass and picture frames 2 Iiubricating greases 1 Malt Mirrors, framed and unframed Musical Instruments, pianos Musical instruments, piano and organ materials Oil, not elsewhere spedfled Paper and wood pulp Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . . Perfumery and cosmetics Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified Pottery Printing materials Pumps, steam and other power Refrigerators Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 2 1 3 6 4 1 4 Sprmgs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills. . 1 Statuary and art goods 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 2 Steam packing 1 Show cases Signs and advertising novelties. Smelting and refining, copper. . . Stencils and brands 2 Stereotypiug and electrotyping i Surgical appliances i Type foundlDg i Varnishes i Vinegar and cider 6 Wall plaster 2 Window shades and fixtures l Wirework, including wire rope and cable 5 Wood preserving 5 Wool pulling '" ' 2 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1598 MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. Table 31 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EARNERS, DEC. 15, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male; • Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OE MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. SEATTLE— All industries Artificial limbs ; Automobile bodies and parts Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbmding and blank-book making Boxes and cartons, paper Brass, bronie, and copper products.. Bread and other bakery products Brick, building Butter Canning and preserving, flsh Carpets, rag Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop constniction and repairs by steam-railroad oompames. Clothing, men's, including shirts Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . Electroplating Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specified. Foiindry and machine-shop products. Boiler shops and foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furniture ■Wood, rattan, willow, and metal . - Store and office fixtures Hosiery and knit goods Ice, manufactured Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planmg mills connected with sawmills. Marble and stone work Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical instruments and materials, violins, and other stringed instru- ments. Patent medicines and compounds — Photo-engraving Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and publishing, book and job. Job printing Book pubUshing and printing. . . Linotype work, typesetting, etc. . Printing and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Pnnting and publishing Printing, publishing, and job printing. Publishing without printiog Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat buildmg. Slaughtering and meat paoHng Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, cigars Tools, not elsewhere specified All other industries * 7 5 5 132 6 4 6 5 10 5 6 4 109 4 26 3 8 24 6 192 15,761 11 53 13 69 31 105 49 758 97 63. 202 16 75 463 309 215 519 455 64 332 12 418 1,129 328 801 44 127 58 69 62 62 581 2,187 270 34 131 45 58 16 SO 46 733 616 202 131 54 245 575 59 85 21 4,274 834 2 151 4 3 5 2 2 92 85 6 1 50 3 13 34 4 32 1 5 24 6 165 738 1,422 44 76 13 11 31 65 fi 1 20 4 11 3 9 1 7 6 5 24 7 62 15 16 1 4 5 57 26 29 2 306 246 18 42 4 3 2 359 338 12, 429 10 47 18 88 35 533 79 46 178 11 61 437 140 381 332 49 236 5 279 51 926 287 639 32 100 42 68 41 49 481 2,045 218 27 110 4 36 32 516 490 S 21 477 317 160 198 482 46 56 9 3,471 Mh 13,112 (») Je Je Mh No Mb 4 De Je Oo< Se (') Mh Mh Ja ^P De De Ju Au (') Fe Je 47 12 56 21 102 40 554 110 55 251 11 67 472 306 150 463 420 62 293 5 320 Mh 1,066 My 380 Mh De Ja Je Ja Oe Jy Je 736 49 110 46 68 66 70 548 2,226 282 Fe Fe Ap Ap* Ja Mb* Jy Oc Oo Au Ja4 Oo Ap Oc («) Mb Ap Ja Au No Au 39 121 112 37 21 6 38 41 640 22 495 326 176 42 267 498 58 13 De 11,518 ! 12,117 10,650 1, 413 (») Ja Oc* De Je* De Ja De Ja* Ja No* Fe De No Ja* Jy Ja* Mh {') Jy Ja* 34 6 34 16 78 30 515 58 40 109 11 53 407 225 123 354 294 39 20 5 225 42 No 740 No 218 No 522 Je 22 Oc 90 Ap 39 De 51 Je 24 De 34 De 410 De 1,888 Ja 157 Je De Ja* No* 20 102 10 29 13 Oc* 3 Ja 33 Je 26 Jy 466 ifo No Au Au Mh (») Jy No Mh Fe* Mh* Ja* 440 3 17 460 305 149 35 123 467 34 6 43 17 94 35 557 100 54 216 12 53 447 225 130 449 406 43 253 5 288 46 848 244 604 47 94 42 52 69 39 410 2,138 222 111 23 34 15 3 35 29 517 490 4 23 484 323 161 37 210 495 60 13 ;!05i 32 6 24 14 28 34 390 99 52 210 10 53 447 17 72 175 139 36 251 S 279 41 847 244 603 19 93 41 52 17 39 405 2,138 222 26 100 3 34 13 3 32 17 444 418 3 23 415 294 121 37 210 477 43 51 13 2,703 19 3 65 1 162 208 58 272 265 7 1 28 42 12 65 18 44 14 $61,317,496 10, 390 115,514 10, 505 215, 786 37,958 168,377 102,072 904,629 563, 792 350,554 1,057,089 3,791 150,991 933,651 418,715 647,093 683,991 531,701 152, 290 505,415 7,469 5,061,397 370,020 4,424,261 1,007,065 3,417,196 87,900 153, 677 64,391 89, 186 95,625 1,005,434 5,952,316 5,520,391 687,250 73,859 373,089 16,180 201, 168 21,724 5,303 56,367 71,088 127,099 1,016,581 921,920 41,051 53,610 1,494,320 1,145,427 224,416 124,477 181,207 323,002 3,752,773 106,016 74,419 67,485 23,109,963 1 Owned power only. * All other industries embrace — Aeroplanes and parts 1 Artificial stone products 4 Automobiles 1 Aabbitt metal and solder 2 Bags, other than paper 1 Baskets, andrattanandwillowware. 1 Belting, leather 2 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing 2 Boot and shoe findings 2 Boots and shoes 8 Boxes, wooden packing 3 Brooms, from broom com 2 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. ' Same number reported throughout the year. Brushes 2 Buttons 2 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 3 Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . 1 Chemicals 2 China decorating 1 Cleansing and polishingpreparations. 2 Clothing, women's 10 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' c!S^.si:::DtgUizBd:ty\ Cordage and twine 1 Cutlery and edge tools 1 D ruggists' preparations 2 Electrical machinery, apparatus,and supplies 2 Engines, steam, gas, and water 2 Engraving and diesinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Fancy articles, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Feathers and plumes 2 '.'.".'.".'..'.'.v.'. 2 Furnishing goods, men's 3 Gas and electric flitures 2 G as, illuminatmg and hewing 2 Glass, cutting, staining, and oma- m^ting 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 2 Gold and silver, reducing and refining, not from the ore 1 Hand-knit goods 1 Hand stamps 6 Hardware i Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool 3 Hats, fur-felt " 1 MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1599 EXPENSES. ^ Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. Tor con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. ♦ Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines." In- ternal- oom- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 11,741,775 81,947,149 $9,934,922 $347*017 $675,866 $1,066,053 $36,853,209 $916,915 $64,475,442 $26,705,318 44,001 23,491 643 15 19,852 5,668 1 520 5,940 2,100 5,162 2,882 16,809 11,140 16,680 16,200 520 2,370 1,584 11,292 747 5,464 3,978 67,917 6,150 6,386 14,760 5,760 43,940 8,683 35,692 12,904 38,529 33,277 416, 162 68,828 31,663 148,456 5,481 59,672 367,245 103,209 87,239 208,761 171,455 37,306 188,854 3,176 222,377 31,588 807,877 251,537 556,340 20,483 75,193 27,434 47,769 21,670 42,964 502,838 1,628,332 205,373 27,962 86,648 14,232 35,084 11,039 854 2,438 46,156 20,223 334,046 307,668 2,100 24,278 567,873 427,231 140,642 2,670 7,980 1,944 8,860 3,280 7,865 2,411 82,639 47 213 34 2,660 684 847 549 9,127 3,949 3,726 5,097 15 1,468 292 1,94^ 4,353 5,743 4,327 1,416 5,814 26 41,155 2,814 36,780 10,793 25,987 1,144 1,231 415 816 406 9,816 575,805 74,699 10,668 653 4,475 189 2,391 139 21 169 427 794 5,476 4,916 189 371 10,716 9,564 661 601 1,243 1,447 20,642 838 8,967 4,859 201,710 4,500 43,145 7,695 170,968 10,286 59,091 48,709 1,245,987 17,880 747,376 300,204 2,927 52,007 290,189 344,145 1,091,534 825,729 653,288 172,441 476,461 547 6,144,746 215,399 1,206,733 321,684 885,049 32,267 94,152 35,400 68,762 53,821 12,354 999,647 3,123,342 437,451 34,105 202,904 31,688 77,334 5,458 795 36,889 13,338 102,154 365,062 359,665 4,570 827 693,046 602,485 83,093 7,468 199,029 203,608 9,677,898 51,869 51,955 6,991 7,039,904 133 960 404 497 365 1,321 3,147 36,826 24,285 3,986 20,608 233 4,386 13, 218 1,458 5,720 23,839 17,791 6,048 4,922 700 57,345 3,127 66,696 23,866 41,740 352 4,092 1,922 2,170 468 24,360 63,194 9,180 10,717 1,006 3,386 250 1,444 783 22,325 127,398 26,767 276,553 46,428 149,858 126,651 2,354,848 176,006 908,784 587,831 14,870 165,046 713,679 695,843 1,598,573 1,519,545 1,228,746 290,799 906,189 14,917 7,600,709 326,533 3,011,944 787,636 2,224,309 91,336 272,996 116,424 156,672 130,331 209,478 4,800,292 6,303,062 880,601 79,847 388,343 85,042 167,427 34,691 7,430 83,062 107,320 188,967 1,367,522 1,206,847 103,055 57,620 3,071,273 2,181,867 381,404 508,002 321,884 460,233 11,132,707 118,969 144,993 37,669 13,728,680 17,692 83,303 18,668 106,098 35,777 89,446 74,795 1,072,035 133,841 167,422 267,119 11,710 98,653 410,272 250,240 501,319 669,977 657,667 112,310 424,806 13,670 1,398,618 108,007 1,739,615 442,095 1,297,520 58,717 174,762 79,102 95,650 76,052 172,764 3,737,451 2,170,540 432,433 44,736 182,053 63,204 88,649 28,450 6,635 45,607 92,701 85,629 993,093 838,882 98,429 55,782 2,359,263 1,562,671 296,058 500,534 122, 106 252,660 1,477,094 65,596 92,854 29,305 6,210,991 4 26 13 19 18 43 81 653 430 250 1,085 9 120 207 38 163 301 134 167 133 41 3,425 91 2,931 1,265 1,666 8 227 92 135 16 1,155 2,547 14,047 1,469 26 290 4 60 62 2 4 34 38 489 482 3 4 701 515 186 4 26 13 19 18 43 81 597 380 250 85 9 120 75 38 163 244 82 162 129 41 3,175 91 2,660 1,265 1,385 8 202 67 135 16 916 943 605 949 26 140 4 60 52 2 4 34 38 489 482 3 4 699 513 186 " "322' 3,535 307 « ,'» 44 4 5 282 1,406 2,726 35 fi 7 8 60 50 6 9 10 2,000 3,266 1,032 8,208 IT 760 240 191 13 1,500 25,021 14,410 29,420 39,414 30,994 8,420 42,758 1,620 11,897 37,333 82,956 98,740 95,553 3,187 19,903 520 125,537 4,319 87,352 21,600 66,862 4,940 2,150 1,550 600 4,945 9,930 102,501 77,268 22,053 2,860 16,662 468 3,870 120 600 14 132 IS 13,930 21,292 42,662 37,912 4,750 25,972 1,470 2,396 3,680 59,432 9,360 50,072 7,980 10,357 4,873 5,484 5,610 300 16 17 65 50 6 I 18 14 20 4,052 172 4 21 29! 99,510 10,440 154,213 23,460 130,763 3,000 4 680 3,120 1,560 7,469 13,020 111,880 156,608 29,200 2,400 — 10,216 2,000 10,470 3,120 250 23 ?4 6,352 216 65 25 ?fi 6,352 948 12,156 400 11,756 100 480 500 3,764 661 216 65 27 25 25 29 30 V H9 239 1,604 13,442 510 33 34 28,988 11,204 4,120 7,948 2,882 3,072 2,120 1,695 4,590 5,142 3,360 62,883 59,567 2,246 1,070 50,301 27,275 11,769 11,257 11,325 11,383 35 36 37 510 150 38 34 40 41 4' 4,200 14,040 8,100 85,528 76,324 4,900 4,304 193,491 125,760 ' 14, 163 53,588 7,760 8,155 85,560 11,400 3,600 3,475 4,500 78,342 44,742 31,590 2.010 438,868 373,488 15,245 50, 135 7.670 9,704 80,558 1,200 2,561 1,212 476,367 6,830 916 566 1,281 1,274 9,367 8,300 56 1,011 18,964 16,711 2,253 4<< 44 4") 61,638 33,601 28,037 4fi 47 48 44 197,983 1,920 4,784 191,279 2 2 50 51 35,606 147,276 378,513 34,256 44,701 8,038 2,713,961 749 3,965 7,715 1,504 184 1,373 477,785 18 355 900 121 18 220 675 121 3,400 101 220 34 5 55 100 262 2,860 2,995 870 130,892 5P 3,600 426,290 47 11,331 10 5,702 8 252 "'is' 29 5,362 "i,'4D4' 41,110 60 f Same number reported for one or more other months. Ink, writing ;... 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1 Iron a,nd steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets 1 Iron and steel forgings 3 Iron and steel, wrought pipe 1 Ivory, shell, and bone work 1 Jewelry ■ 8 Leathergoods.notelsewherespeoifled 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished 1 Lithographing 2 Looking-glass and picture frames 1 Mirrors, ffamed and unframed 1 Optical goods 8 Paints 2 Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. 1 Perfumery and cosmetics 2 Plumbers' supplies 2 Pottery 1 Printing material 1 Pumps, steam and other power 1 Rice, oleamng and polishmg 8 Rubber gooifc^. , _ ,■-,■■■ 1, Saws "t^igWzeW'&y ■ 5 No Shipbuilding, iron and steel Show cases Signs and advertising novelties Soap Springs, steel, car and carriage, not made in steel works or rolling mills Statuary and art goods Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus Steam packing Stencils and brands Stereotyping and electroplating Stoves and hot-,ilr,fiirnaces ^i^jegj^j^^^'^ wage earners employed. Trunks and valises 5 Type founding 1 Varnishes 1 Vinegar and cider l Wall plaster i Window and door screens 4 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework 3 Wood preserving 1 Wood, turned and carved 2 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied.... ..... 1 Wool pulling 2 1600 MANUFACTUEES— WASHINGTON. Table 31 — DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INEUSTKY AND aTT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDXTSTKY. WAGE EARNERS, DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST REPRESENTATIVE DAT. Capital. - Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar ried offi- cers, su- perln- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male- Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 60,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. SPOKANE— All mdustries. Automobile repairing Bread and other bakery products. - Bricic and tile and other clay products Carriages and wagons and materials. . Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad o8m- panies. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work Flour-mill and gristmill products Foodpreparations,not elsewhere spec- Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture and refrigerators Hand stamps Jewelry Leather goods Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Lumber, planin^-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Mineral and soda waters Pickles, preserves, and sauces Printing and pubushing Book and job Newspapers and periodicals Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 277 4,159 226 213 549 28 533 14 35 108 30 11 20 12 118 456 424 12 18 692 270 422 60 1,246 13 17 1 3 216 187 2 128 151 17 23 414 11 27 47 61 64 62 14 77 19 7 13 6 93 408 316 177 29 958 My 3,2 Jas Oc My Ap Ja« De Je Ja Mh Ap My' (') Jaa (*) Fes My Jy Je Mys 25 453 44 36 64 77 79 72 24 84 25 7 14 5 97 622 412 Mh Tea Jy 192 144 30 Fe 2,807 Au3 22 Fe 391 Au" 1 De 20 Au 37 Fe 46 No 49 Je 54 Jy> 8 No Fe (>) Mb' ^) De Fe De De8 Ja» 14 7 12 S 84 253 308 My Mh 160 134 23 406 46 21 48 76 63 67 17 76 20 7 15 5 89 362 334 324 186 138 29 997 2,548 23 229 45 21 48 63 65 13 75 20 7 15 6 89 351 322 2 274 143 131 24 821 46 7 45 S8 7 5 166 36 12 $18,891,460 21,929 986,898 24,000 125,295 42, 113 101,648 283,315 1,255,911 37,425 447,563 37,316 6,540 7,965 24,935 2,790,637 1,561,088 1,164,673 83,316 79,451 1,204,904 603,197 601,707 38,214 8,677,615 * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Artificial limbs ■- 1 Artificial stone products 2 Automobile bodies and parts 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 2 Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 1 Boxes, wooden packing 2 Brass and bronze products 1 Brooms 2 Brushes 1 Butter 3 Buttons 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electnc-railroad com- panies 2 Clothing, men's 2 Clothing, women's 1 Coffee and spice, roasting and grinding 4 CofUns, bunal cases, and undertakers' goods 2 Confectionery (ice cream) 2 Cooperage 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Fur goods 6 Gas and electric fixtures 2 TACOMA— All industries . Automobile bodies and parts Awnings, tents, and sails Brass and bronze products Bread and other bakery products Brooms, from broom corn Cars and geoeral shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing. Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream ; Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products Food preparations, not elsewhere specined. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Mineral and soda waters Patent medicines and compounds . . , Printing and publishing Saddlery and harness Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Show cases Tobacco, cigars All other industries * 8,084 278 15 11 272 132 81 51 94 321 32 435 372 2,327 85 23 16 616 9 5 76 3,073 313 4 4 3 31 4 34 7 101 6 2 217 1 US 106 27 30 6,766 5^ 4 6 180 2 60 106 64 42 65 258 21 357 337 2,147 70 14 2 293 6 17 2 54 2,724 Au 7,400 Au No Jys Jy Je ^y De Jy Se' Oc Fe« Fe fP Au Ap My' (/ Oc Mh3 Mb' Fe' Je 6 7 8 196 4 39 118 72 56 71 283 24 406 360 2,582 88 16 2 311 7 24 4 64 Ja 6, 025 Ja Ja3 Fe Ja3 De No Fe Fe Ja3 Fe Je Ap3 Jy Jy 6 2 6 147 2 64 30 93 68 35 63 229 18 241 306 Ja 1, 704 Je' 55 De ^l Se' Se Oc» Jy 12 2 283 5 7 1 45 6,854 5 6 5 192 2 64 31 119 75 44 73 265 20 334 326 2,163 65 13 2 3 57 2,788 6,460 4 2 4 112 2 54 53 27 26 71 260 17 334 319 2,163 66 13 2 261 7 26 3. 45 2,611 392 35 12 176 $28,287,257 5,150 48,676 17,668 437,226 11,608 112,166 , 241,274 i69r944 116,036 43,908 104,667 3,094,527 98,454 2,054,074 967,633 5, 723, 372 158,218 60,725 7,598 737, 757 14,860 14,610 2,225 65,333 14,169,614 * All other industries embrace — Artificial limbs 2 Artificial stone products 4 Automobile repairing 2 Babbitt metal and solder 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware . . 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes, cigar 1 Boxes, fancy and paper 2 Brick and tile, terra-cotta and fire-clay products 1 Brushes 1 Butter 2 Canning and preserving, fish 1 Carpets, rag 2 Carriages, wagons, and repairs 4 Car and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 3 Chemicals , . . l Cleansing and polishing preparations. 1 Clothing, men's 1 Clothing, women's 1 Cordials and flavoring sirups 1 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 1 Engines, steam, gas, and water 1 Flavoring extracts 2 Furnishing goods, men's 1 Furs, dressed 1 Oas, illuminating and heating 1 1 Owned power only. * Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON. OR MORE; BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1601 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- Ush- ments report- Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $464,708 I $687,598 $2,465,024 $287,576 $169,856 $240,396 $9,153,541 $300,871 $16,636,309 $7,181 27,446 "i,'866' 3,000 12,450 27,365 768 10,000 6,000 1,200 3,752 24,300 44, 514 47,594 7,680 93,517 35,098 58,419 146, 662 660 95,765 2,180 1,400 6,792 10,078 25,667 570 10,753 720 650 520 900 25,210 26,298 36,025 750 5,536 262,571 30, 819 231,752 2,400 172, 153 16,293 255,544 6,212 22,961 46,148 41,495 66,411 54,720 8,273 63,327 14, 592 5,058 9,542 4,772 123, 164 315, 876 280,825 7,837 4,676 304,960 141, 114 163,846 22, 896 789,442 3,350 1,238 200 14,718 50,261 214, 973 6,450 208,523 16 1,500 1,020 17, 170 225 90 16,420 4,072 17,439 3,000 3,269 1,550 1,650 956 2,412 10, 808 1,576 1,104 3,550 41,142 26, 031 15, 111 1,445 40, 959 193 9,055 154 1,695 106 538 1,731 6,723 270 5,146 256 36 70 746 133,202 13,065 5,843 830 455 9,461 3,546 5,915 3,424 47,397 14,708 1,021,783 1,165 19,284 33,559 109,685 124, 175 1,437,828 15,328 104, 164 25,590 4,422 5,717 28,005 518, 535 504,037 679,232 21,750 44,210 567,495 148,524 418,971 27,468 3,845,401 30,590 3,055 2,426 2,747 5,282 1,196 8,242 1,034 6,279 1,003 194 183 82 31,052 1,573 20,209 841 832 11,884 6,168 5,716 168 172,507 54, 247 1,889,276 15,200 58,082 93, 819 213,040 266,356 1,810,235 46,265 268,457 54,846 19,512 22,200 45,629 1,287,590 1,058,037 1, 213, 210 52,795 81,965 1,878,518 559, 194 1,319,324 68,298 6,138,732 39, 047 836,903 10,980 36,372 57,513 140,985 364, 165 29,903 159,014 28,253 14, 896 16,300 17,542 738,003 552,427 513,769 30,204 36,923 1,299,139 404, 502 894, 637 40, 662 2,120,814 20,362 13,373 11 301 125 55 112 47 46 963 220 58 829 13, 105 1,568 54 11 379 157 222 45 16 53 12, 370 600 40 ""36' '36' "i99 900 6,073 350 550 11 256 125 55 112 47 46 613 49 184 46 9 12 6 776 185 968 14 11 349 157 192 2,199 Gas, illuminating and heating 1 Glass, cutting, staming, and orna- menting 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Ice, manufactured 1 Lithographing 1 Lookmg-glass and picture frames 2 Marble and stone work 2 Mattresses and spring beds 2 Mirrors, framed and unfram ed 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 1 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Optical goods 1 Paints 2 Patent medicines and compounds 3 Photo-engraving 2 Roofing materials 1 Show cases 1 Signs and advertising novelties 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 4 Vinegar and cider 2 Window and door screens 1 Wirework 1 Wood, turned and carved 1 $631,952 $714,712 $4,963,621 $45,549 $160, 181 $394,251 $16,997,321 $393,828 $27,707,608 $10,316,457 24,086 15,758 27 2 8,299 4,289 1 3,520 3,388 4,692 116,309 741 49,604 16,805 59,020 33,280 25,740 60,490 214,709 10,894 247,693 212,828 1,548,265 62,618 10,350 1,080 260,090 5,420 13,902 1,090 36,264 2,023,849 1,320 1,380 360 9,989 240 34 782 204 4,376 46 2,190 3,160 2,153 1,527 626 1,169 28,954 377 18,816 11,308 84,421 2,668 447 84 5,535 236 85 31 8.833 218,342 4,400 19,280 8,490 399,518 7,520 58,368 234,108 200,932 91,915 109,017 77,734 6,023,969 100,825 637,596 277,920 2,602,627 180,807 16,451 3,138 274,892 6,700 20,448 850 45.345 5,795,353 286 100 430 12,898 48 12,600 31,431 17,743 834,596 14,750 111,553 409,181 388,083 199,913 188, 170 200,355 6,695,231 156,377 1,285,387 620,800 5,059,625 374,297 48,000 11,675 1,157,565 17,700 50,091 3,425 120, 166 10,086,975 7,914 12,051 8,823 422, 180 7,182 53,185 172,412 182,429 105,512 76,917 121,709 624, 051 54,429 605,331 337,662 2,448,429 188,372 31, 179 8,494 876,024 10,881 29,476 2,475 74,613 4,037,156 3 3 15 122 4 210 78 106 40 68 50 3,047 61 988 742 10,323 228 10 1 546 4 22 17 3 3 15 122 4 210 78 106 40 66 50 1,880 61 908 127 284 228 8 1 546 4 17 17 '"'ios' 2,716 ? 3,200 175 49,668 3 400 4 18,485 fy n 1,717 11,575 16,190 9,130 7,060 10,780 54,855 6,220 42,463 28,624 156,320 10,950 1,200 214 63,274 1,865 30,740 8,086 4,176 3,910 2,900 47,622 3,568 34,270 13, 146 131,145 7,940 1,968 7 300 5,825 11,966 5,030 6,936 7,882 3,661 762 8,420 2,748 11,333 2,970 1,056 1,114 44,801 2,312 745 434 1,878 38,985 2,661 4,722 2,486 2,238 862 47,211 1,123 42,460 5,218 8,569 5,118 370 43 6,649 119 167 100 208 254,466 R n 10 19 1,167 11 13,329 75 615 10,039 5 15 17 18 2 10 ■"ft 191, 739 30,040 '1 ">? 780 5 n '''1 1,040 185,640 ""> 209,085 700 7,503 3,862 17 3,627 1,465 26 Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting 3 Gloves and mittens, leather 1 Grease and tallow, not including lu- bricating greases 1 Hand stamps 1 Ice, manufactured 2 Iron and steel forgings 1 Jewelry Leather, tanned,curried,andftnished. 1 Liquors, inalt 2 Mattresses and spring beds 1 Models and patterns, not including paper patterns 2 Musical instruments and materials, not specified 2 Paints 2 Photo-engraving 2 Pickles, preserves, and sauces 2 Rice, cleaning and polishing 1 Roofing materials 1 Shirts 1 Slaughtering and meat packing 2 Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus 1 Stencils and brands 1 Stoves and hot-air furnaces 1 Structural ironwork not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Trunks and valises 1 Wall plaster 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 3 Same number reported for one or 82101°— 18 101 niore othar jnonth^ , ... *^1W uigiiizea by Microsoft® number reported throughout the year. 1602 MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON Table 31.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTBY. WAGE EARNERS, DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST KEPEESENTAHVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and Ann mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15tli day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 60,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Aberdeen Belijngham . . . Everett hoqtjiam North Yakima Vancoxtver Walla Walla. 60 32 1,568 1,922 1,959 1,657 582 360 311 Ja Au Au Au Se Jy 1,691 2,532 2,190 1,945 838 393 De De De Oo Fe De Ja 1,262 1,066 1,460 1,198 392 290 254 1,764 2,497 2,112 1,886 611 449 327 1,714 2,375 2,063 1,845 590 408 304 12 $4,829,962 6,940,221 6,297,833 4,089,340 2,384,172 1,088,609 2,425,646 > Owned power only. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WASHINGTON 1603 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEE. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of- factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- temal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $134,363 161, 137 136,729 85,875 46,747 48,493 63,616 $73,654 132,731 112,613 47,744 61,775 13, 716 44,632 $1,218, 1,318, 1,609, 1,287, 402, 282, 250, $79,761 115,687 8,732 925 97,497 460 19,849 $16,374 33,449 22,826 8,022 14,696 3,537 14,445 $99,894 93,225 75,986 78,459 32,931 61,434 40,701 $2,571,888 3,261,756 3,933,700 3,027,908 816, 533 522,972 1,158,684 $39,814 104,548 66,745 13,953 56,027 34,378 57,325 $4, 815, 113 6,264,307 6,530,405 5,009,410 1,937,461 1,301,048 2,014,673 $2,203,411 2,898,003 2,529,960 1,967,549 1,064,901 743,698 798,664 13,280 10,170 13, 653 12,377 2,343 936 1,737 13,028 8,256 12, 157 11,908 1,639 675 227 98 180 1,861 1,496 461 599 261 1,317 523 878 3,677 300 ! Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® WEST VIRGINIA. By John D. Roberts. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — West Virginia was admicted to the Union as a state in 1862. With a gross area of 24,170 square miles, of which 24,022 represent land surface, it ranks fortieth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 958,800 and in 1910, 1,221,119; and its estimated population in 1914 was 1,332,910. In total population West Vir- ginia ranked twenty-eighth among the states in 1910; and in density of population it ranked sixteenth, with 50.8 inhabitants per square mile, the corresponding figure for 1900 being 39.9. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and towns of 2,500 inhabitants or more — ^was 228,242, or 18.7 per cent of the total, as against 13.1 per cent in 1900. There were no cities having more than 50,000 inhabitants in the state in 1914, but there were 10 cities each of which had an estimated population of more than 10,000 — Bluefield, Charleston, Clarksburg, Fairmont, Huntington, Mar- tinsbui^, Morgantown, MoundsviUe, Parkersburg, and Wheeling. These cities, whose aggregate population in that year formed 15.2 per cent of the estimated total population of West Virginia, reported 34.8 per cent of the value of the state's maniifactured products. The cities and mining districts of the state are well supphed with railway transportation facUities, though some of the heavily wooded areas are not traversed by railroads. The steam-railway mileage in 1914 was 3,915 and the electric-raUway mileage in 1912 was 370. The Ohio River, which forms the greater part of the western boundary of the state, affords cheap and ade- quate shipping facilities. The mineral products of the state, in 1914, accord- ing to the reports of the United States Geological Sur- vey, were valued at $134,071,803, consisting princi- pally of bituminous coal, 71,707,626 short tons, valued at 171,391,408; natural gas, 238,740,162,000 cubic feet, valued at $35,515,329; and petroleum, 9,680,- 033 barrels, valued at $18,468,540. In total value of mineral products West Virginia ranked second among the states; in production of natural gas, first; and in production of petroleum, sixth. The number of pro- ductive petroleiun weUs in the state, on December 31, 1914, was 14,932. The market production of gasoline made from natural gas in that year was 9,278,108 gal- lons, valued at $691,899. The total value of West Virginia's farm crops in 1909 was $40,374,776, and the value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms was $18,456,118. Importance and growth of manufactures. — West Vir- ginia's abundant supply of fuel, especially bituminous coal and natural gas, is of great advantage to its man- ufacturing industries, and imdoubtedly has been largely instrumental in advancing its rank in value of prod- ucts from twenty-ninth in 1909 to twenty-eighth in 1914. The state's proportion of the total value of manufactured products in the United States was the same at each of the last two censuses — eight-tenths of 1 per cent. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to all classes of manufactures combined in the state of West Virginia for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, together with the percentages of in- crease from census to census. Table 1 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and Arm members . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials). MANUFACTURING INCUSTBIES. 1914 J175, 51. T. ii. 2 i. no; 193: 83: 2,749 79,353 2,559 5,716 71,078 278,504 995, Oil 377, 760 593, 754 784,006 257, 677 952,432 033, 165 511, 782 478,617 1909 2,586 71,463 2,599 4,971 63, 893 217, 496 $150,922,586 38, 710, 047 5, 709, 692 33,000,365 2, 201, 287 2,229,295 92, 877, 988 161,949,526 69,071,538 1904 2,109 48,880 2,230 2,892 43,768 138,578 $86,820,823 24,051,872 2, 898, 830 21,153,042 1,508,180 s 532, 746 54,419,205 99, 040, 676 44, 621, 470 1899 1,824 (») m 1,744 33,080 91,894 J49, 103, 138 14, 159, 146 1, 519, 290 12,639,856 37,228,253 67, 006, 822 29, 778, 569 PEE CENT OF INCKEASE.' 1909- 1914 6.3 11.0 -1.5 15.0 11.2 28.1 16.6 32.7 33.0 32.7 2.6 32.4 18.6 19.5 20.9 1904- 1909 22.6 46.2 16.5 71.9 46.0 56.9 73.8 60.9 97.0 56.0 46.0 70.7 63.5 64.8 1899- 1904 15.6 65.8 32.3 50.8 76.8 69.9 90.8 67.3 46.2 47.8 49.8 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. ' Figures not available. s Exclusive of internal revenue. This table shows an increase from census to census in the manufactures of the state, but the rate of in- crease was smaller for the five-year period 1909-1914 than for either of the preceding periods. Between the censuses of 1909 and 1914 the number of estabhshments increased 163, or 6.3 per cent; the capital invested, $25,072,425, or -16.6 per cent; the average number of wage earners, 7,185, or 11.2 per Digitized by Microsoft® ^''"'^ 1606 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. cent; the amount paid in wages, $10,783,651, or 32.7 per cent; the value of products, $31,562,256, or 19.5 per cent; and the value added by manufacture, $14,407,079, or 20.9 per cent. The value added by manufacture represents the net wealth created by manufacturing operations during each census year, as described in the "Explanation of terms" at the begm- ning of this bulletin. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries of the state and the per- centages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. TaDle a CENSUS OF 1914. PER CENT OF INCEEASE. 1 INDUSTRT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. Amount. Per cent distri- bu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 189»- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 All industries 2,749 71,078 100.0 $193,611,782 100.0 $83,478,617 lOO.O 11.2 46.0 32.3 19.5 63.5 47.8 20.9 54.8 49.8 995 15 8 63 18 37 229 55 118 7 24 54 8 242 138 7 10 22 10 6 18 47 8 30 13 4 12 17 77 27 3 51 7 7 31 9 4 29 13 276 17,417 5,348 1,475 8,889 1,072 8,437 381 4,790 1,908 214 1,575 1,392 1,033 1,218 569 491 244 560 773 189 161 384 276 232 422 162 422 127 148 224 52 240 54 198 263 108 66 216 82 9,306 24.5 7.5 2.1 12.5 1.5 11.9 0.5 6.7 2.7 0.3 2.2 2.0 1.5 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 13.2 28,994,240 21,185,559 15,130,651 14,631,171 11,014,540 10,990,193 7,052,814 8,798,118 5,079,574 4,787,660 4,731,780 2,977,526 2,804,429 2,430,565 2,305,438 2,172,955 1,378,080 1,278,174 980,317 867,425 851,332 755,922 679,401 644,423 571,410 568,368 562,928 555,666 543,501 487,541 482,949 474,024 461,173 449,541 448,251 364,934 363,026 351,493 291,593 36,015,217 15.0 10.9 7.8 7.6 6.7 5.7 3.6 3.5 2.6 2.5 2.4 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 18.5 19,411,838 6,527,191 3, 263, 914 9,993,030 2,319,626 6,004,941 1,124,386 4,576,173 2,409,123 340,764 1,521,345 1,084,110 1,069,639 1,770,549 978,283 738,083 986,242 629,074 546,471 268,899 464,478 570,961 262,692 203,632 433,144 382,306 401,756 262,214 313,366 288,624 282,226 278,295 150,534 132,106 249, 950 143,249 44,473 87,762 127, 687 12,835,481 23.2 7.8 3.9 12.0 2.8 7.2 1.4 5.5 2.9 0.5 1.8 1.3 1.3 2.1 1.2 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 15.3 -6.6 5.7 10.5 43.6 -31.8 49.3 -15.7 64.3 40.9 21.9 71.9 -68.6 -11.1 -2.9 64.4 21.8 -41.2 60.5 14.8 227.2 68.5 66.1 32.8 13.0 43.4 5.9 25.5 144.3 74.7 113.2 32.9 31.6 28.3 25.4 31.5 10.9 "ss.'s' 42.5 63.3 57.5 n.8 86.6 58.7 941.7 -19.1 94.0 16.5 136.9 "'29.'3' 0.8 -5.6 63.4 88.1 -11.6 63.3 -8.4 87.3 49.8 27.2 120.0 -60.6 5.7 22.0 56.8 47.9 -39.3 53.8 86.7 217.5 69.1 105.4 63.4 24.1 68.3 18.5 95.2 179.0 81.2 104.3 28.2 61.2 71.8 5.8 48.9 455.2 54.9 0.4 'iis.'?' 88.8 39.9 63.5 39.9 88.7 44.1 "is.'s' 145.8 50.1 131.5 70.2 92.8 42.7 -3.3 -0.2 72.7 82.2 12.2 63.6 2.7 78.2 47.6 -10.9 91.0 -67.5 10.4 22.0 80.1 78.2 -40.3 "sb'.o 80.7 38.7 302.1 64.2 59.9 58.8 10.9 60.5 12.6 45.8 183.6 67.1 80.1 20.8 68.7 49.4 -0.8 51.3 445.5 78.2 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills 1.0 Glass 161.1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Cars and general shop construction and repairs l)y steam-railroad com- 93.0 70.3 riour-mili and gristmill products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 44.3 30.6 ^Foundry and machine-shop products. . Slaughtering and meat paokmg Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. . . Coke, not including gas-house coke.... Paper and wood pulp. . - 82.2 27.4 -2:2 111.8 48.7 Bread and other bakery products Clothing, men's... 112.7 91.0 92.0 37.6 Lime 50.4 328.3 52.1 Bone, carbon, and lamp black 59.4 56.2 -54.0 42.8 59.0 -44.7 117.5 34.8 'm'.6 33.8 56.5 -38.8 56.3 25.0 32.4 120.0 201.0 Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies 18.2 627.6 m 42.3 55.6 705.9 42.2 385.9 17.8 78.8 33.7 1,710.6 45.3 462.4 34.7 49.9 25.4 1,613.7 Saddlery and harness. "'i3.'6' -45.9 148.6 -72.6 28.3 34.4 135.5 is. 4 171.5 -46.6 46.6 27.0 148.4 —2.2 151.4 -52.8 Chemicals 47.8 -22.6 '16.2 43.0 174.0 36.4 -19.6 83.1 -12.3 130.6 25.9 -5.8 40.6 88.0 145.7 -20.3 -17.1 -42.1 -41.9 19.4 -20.8 8.0 -1.3 130.6 -49.8 31.5 -53.6 -11.0 6.2 211.4 ' Percentages are based on figures in Table 31; a minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where the base is less than IOC, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Same number reported in both years. In addition to the industries presented sepai-ately in the above table, there were 18 other industries in the state which reported products in 1914 to the value of $250,000 or more. These industries are included in the table under the head of "all other industries," for the reason that the operations of individual estab- hshments would be disclosed if they were shown separately.* I These industries are: Boots and shoes, not including rubber boots and shoes. Brooms. Gars , steam-railroad, not including opera- tions of railroad companies. Cement. Dyeing and finishing textiles. Galvanizing. Hosiery and knit goods. Iron and steel, blast furnaces. Iron and steel pipe, wrought. Although certain industries predominate, it will be seen from Table 32 that there is considerable diversity among the manufactures of the state. The leading industries are lumber and timber; steel works and roll- ing miUs; tin plate and terneplate; glass; leather, tanned, curried, and finished; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies; flour mills and gristmills; and the manufacture of brick, tUe, pottery, and other clay products. Several of these important industries call for special consid- eration. Lumber and timber products. — ^Under this head are included statistics for logging and sawmill operations, for planing mills, and for the manufacture of wooden Dioitized by "^^^YhhWi© '^^^ industry gave employment dur- Lamps and reflectors. Liquors , distilled. Oil, not elsewhere specified. Patent medicines and compounds and druggists' preparations. Petroleum, refining. Smelting and reflnmg, zinc. Smelting and refining, not from the ore. Tobacco manufactures. Wood preserving. MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1607 ing the year 1914 to an average of 17,417 wage earners, with products valued at $28,994,240. These figures represent 24.5 per cent and 15 per cent of the respec- tive totals reported for all manufacturing industries of the state. The statistics do not cover mills engaged exclusively in custom sawing for local consumption. 6h,ss. — West Virginia ranked fourth in 1914 and in 1909 among the states in production of glass. The abundant local supphes of natural gas and of glass- making sands are directly responsible for the great in- crease in this industry, which has grown from 16 es- tabhshments in 1899, employing an average of 1,949 wage earners, with products valued at $1,872,000, to 63 estabhshments in 1914, with an average of 8,889 wage earners, and products valued at $14,631,171. Special data for the industry are to be found on page 19. Steel works and rolling miUs and tin plate and term- plate. — West Virginia's coal resources, and the location of the mines with reference to the Pittsburgh iron dis- trict, make the hot rolling of iron and steel one of the most important industries in the state. In conjunction therewith there has been a rapid development of lihe tin plate and temeplate industry. Although the roll- ing and the coating of tin plate and temeplate are treated as separate induslaies, in many instances the work is all done in the same estabUshment. In the preceding table statistics for the two industries are given separately; but eliminating all the duphcations in the consideration of the two as a consohdated in- dustry, there were 17 plants in 1914, employing 6,823 wage earners, with products valued at $28,795,938, and value added by manufacture amounting to $9,791,- 105. The combined industry ranks second in value of products, sHghtly below lumber andtimber products. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — ^Though this industry shows a decrease, compared with 1909 figures, measured by value of products, it ranks fifth in im- portance among the industries of the state. There were 18 tanneries reported — 2 less than in 1909. The average number of wage earners decreased 499, or 31.8 per cent. The total amount paid for wages de- creased $160,170, or 20.7 per cent; cost of materials $1,688,287, or 16.3 percent; and the value of products $1,436,052, or 11.5 per cent. Cars and general shop construction and repairs hy steam-railroad companies. — ^The statistics for this in- dustry represent the work done in the car shops oper- ated by steam-railroad companies. The operations consist principally of repairs to rolling stock and equipment, but include also shopwork done for the track and bridge and building departments. The value of work performed increased from $6,732,575 in 1909 to $10,990,193 in 1914. Employ- ment was given to an average of 8,437 wage earners in 1914 — the third largest number reported by any of the industries specified in the table. This number represents an increase of 2,785, or 49.3 per cent, as compared with the number in 1909-fjl»/fi^/'7eC/ bV Flour-miU and gristmill products. — ^This is an im- portant industry of the state, occupying seventh place in value of products in 1914. The number of wage earners employed in this industry is comparatively small, due to the fact that much of the labor is done by the proprietors or members of their famihes, and that the processes involved in the manufacture are simple and to a large extent mechanical. Most of the mills are small and are located in the rural districts, but there are several large mills in the cities of the state. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. — The clay-working industries of West Virginia ranked eighth in 1914 when measured by value of products ($6,798,118), of which amoimt $1,976,816 represents brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products, and $4,821,302 represents the pottery" industry. Thirty estabhshments are engaged in the production of brick and tile, terra-cotta, and fire-clay products, and 15 in the pottery industry. From the reports of the United States Geological Survey it appears that in 1914, in value of clay products, West Virginia ranked second in the United States in the production of white ware and sanitary ware; fourth in china ware, porcelain electric supplies, and vitrified paving brick; seventh in tUes, not including draintile; and seventeenth in building brick. In 1914 the capital invested in the in 55 establishments reported was $9,368,799, an increase of 79.4 per cent over $5,221,285 shown in 1909. Liquors, malt. — ^This industry shows a general de- crease in 1914, due to the estabhshments operating only six months, as the manufacture of Hquors in the state of West Virginia was discontinued June 30, 1914, by an act of the state legislature. Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 gives for 1914 and 1909, the number of persons en- gaged in manufactures, distributed by sex and age. Table 3 All classes. Proprietors and officials. . Proprietors and firm members . Salaried officers of corporations. Superintendents and managers. Clerks and other subordinate sal- aried employees Wage earners (average number).. 16 years ol age and over. Under 16 years of age. . . M icrosoft® Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTCB- 1N6 INDUSTRIES. Total. 79,353 71,483 4,668 4,508 2,559 2,599 652 568 1,457 1,341 3,607 3,062 71,078 63, 893 70,583 62,840 495 1,053 Male. 72, 715 66, 121 4,573 4,423 2,485 2,527 639 562 1,449 1,334 2,939 2,505 65,199 59, 193 64,862 58,335 337 858 Fe- male. 6,638 5,342 74 72 13 6 8 7 668 557 5,879 4,700 5,721 4,505 158 195 Per cent of total. Male. 91.6 92.5 98.0 98.1 97.1 97.2 98.0 98.9 99.5 99.5 81.5 81.8 91.7 92.6 91.9 92.8 68.1 81.5 Fe- male. 8.4 7.5 2.0 1.9 2.9 2.8 2.0 1.1 0.5 0.5 18.5 18.2 8.3 7.4 8.1 7.2 31.9 18.5 1608 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. It should be borne in mind, however, that the sex and age classification of the wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the methods described in the "Explanation of terms." The total number of persons engaged in manufac- turing industries for the year 1914 was 79,353, repre- senting an increase of 7,890, or 11 per cent, as com- pared with 71,463 for 1909. Of the 1914 total, 2,559 were proprietors and officials, 3,607 were clerks and other subordinate employees, and 71,078 were wage earners. The figures for individual industries wiU be found in Table 32, page 22. The percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses for per- sons engaged in manufactures, are given in the fol- lowing table: Table 4 All classes.. Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) • 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTJFACTOEING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. 11.0 3. .5 -1.5 14.8 8.7 17.8 11.2 12.3 -53.0 Male. 10.0 3.4 -1.7 13.7 8.6 17.3 10.1 11.2 -60.7 Female. 24.3 19.9 26.1 27.0 -19.0 Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 5.9 3.2 0.8 1.8 4.5 89.6 8S.9 0.6. 6.3 3.6 0.8 1.9 4.3 89.4 S7.9 1.5 Male. 1914 1909 6.3 3.4 0.9 2.0 89.7 89.2 0.5 6.7 3.8 0.8 2.0 3.8 88.2 1.3 Female. 1914 1909 100.0 1.4 1.1 0.2 0.1 88.6 86.2 2.4 100.0 1.6 1.3 0.1 0.1 10.4 88.0 84.3 3.7 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. AU classes, except proprietors and firm members, and wage earners under 16 years of age, show in- creases. The percentage of decrease in the number of wage eameiB imder 16 years of age, for both sexes combined, was 53; but the proportion which this class formed of the total nuinber of wage earners was insignificant, being only six-tenths of 1 per cent in 1914 and 1.5 per cent in 1909. Wage earners over 16 years of age constituted 89 per cent of the total num- ber of persons engaged in manuf actiuring industries in the state in 1914 and 87.9 per cent in 1909. Table 5 presents statistics for the three main classes of persons engaged in manufactures, the num- ber and per cent distribution for 1914, 1909, and 1904, and per cent of increase for the two five-year periods. Table 6 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUPACTUBING INDUUSTRIES. CLASS. Number. Per cent distribution. Per cent of increase.' 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 Total 79,353 71,463 48,880 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.0 46.2 Proprietors and firm members Rpvlf^ned ATTiploy^es . 2,659 5,716 71,078 2,599 4,971 63,893 2,230 2,892 43, 768 3.2 7.2 89.6 3.6 7.0 89.4 4.6 6.9 89.6 -1.5 15.0 11.2 16.5 71 9 Wage earners (average num- ber).. 46 ' A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Salaried employees and wage earners show in- creases at each successive census, although much the greater for the five-year period 1904-1909. The de- crease of 1.5 per cent in nmnber of proprietors and firm members, for the period 1909-1914, is due to the incorporation of many industries reported at prior censuses as under other classes of ownerstip. -, ■ . LJtgitized Table 6 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the average number of wage earners employed in aU industries combined, with the per cent distribution of males and females 16 years of age and over, and of children under 16 years of age. For some of the important industries, a similar distribution of wage earners is given for 1914 and 1909. At the censuses of 1914 and 1909 the proportion of males 16 years of age and over, for all industries com- bined, was 91.3 per cent as compared with 90 per cent in 1904. The corresponding proportions for females were 8 per cent, 7 per cent, and 7.4 per cent, in 1914, 1909, and 1904; and for children under 16 years of age, seven-tenths of 1 per cent, 1.6 per cent, and 2.6 per cent, respectively. The proportion which the number of children under 16 years of age formed of the total number of wage earners, therefore, was about one-fourth as great in 1914 as in 1904. Of the 21 industries for which separate figures are given in this table and for which percentages are shown, 8 show an increased proportion of males in 1914, as compared with 1909, and 8 an increased pro- portion of females, while but 2 show an increase in theproportionof children under 16 years of age. Three of the industries that gave employment to children under 16 years of age in 1909 reported no employees of this class for 1914. In the manufacture of men's clothing in 1914, four- fifths of the wage earners 16 years and over were women. On the other hand, in the manufacture of copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, of brick, tUe, pottery, and other clay products, and in the printing and pubhshing industry but from one-fifth to one- M fouKth of thcj^^e earners are females over 16 years MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1609 of age. Among the industries reporting children under 16 years of age, decreases in the proportions of such wage earners are shown for all those that em- ployed any considerable number at the census of 1909. Table 6 All industries.. Artificial stone products Bread and other balcery products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Cars and general shop construction and re- pairs by steam-railroad companies. Clothing, men's Coke, not including gas-house coke Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Flour-mill and gristmill products , Foundry and machine-shop products Furniture Glass , Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 ■WAGE EARNERS. Aver- num- ber.' 71,078 63,S93 43, 758 263 79 346 4,790 2,916 8,437 5,652 491 261 1,392 4,426 1,575 916 381 452 1,908 1,354 560 562 8,889 6,190 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 91.3 91.3 90.0 99.6 85.3 90.5 76.2 79.5 99.8 99.0 21.0 23.8 100.0 100.0 69.1 60.7 99.8 99.8 97.7 97.0 90.4 85.1 Fe- male. 8.0 7.0 7.4 0.4 14.2 22.9 19.5 0.1 0.3 79.0 76.2 27.5 32.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 1.8 1.8 8.7 8.7 Un- der 16 years ot 0.7 1.6 2.6 0.6 2.6 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.7 3.4 7.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.9 5.2 Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime Lumber and timber products Minerals and earths, ground Paper and wood pulp Paving materials Printing and publishing Tin plate and temeplate All other industries Census year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 WAGE EARNERS. num- ber. 364 233 5,348 5,060 1,072 1,571 773 514 17, 417 18, 643 422 58 1,033 1,162 422 1,218 1,255 1,475 1,335 12, 279 10, 903 Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. 98.6 99.6 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.6 99.4 94.7 96.1 100.0 75.0 72.7 90.4 90.9 78.6 72.8 Fe- male. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 5.3 21.1 21.8 9.6 19.8 22.7 Un- der 16 years of age. 1.4 0.4 0.5 6.1 0.2 o.a 3.9 5.5 1.6 4.4 ' For method of estimatiag the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average number in all industries combined, see ' omitted when base is less than 100. Explanation of terms." Percentages are Table 7 gives, for 1914, and so far as comparative fig- ures are available, for 1909 and 1904, for each of the 10 cities with a population of 10,000 and over, the aver- age number of wage earners classified according to age periods and for those 16 years of age and over according to sex. The per cent distribution is also shown. Table 7 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER OB WAGE EARNERS IN- - EEX AND AGE. Blue- field. Charles- ton. Clarks- burg. Fair- mont. Hunting- ton. Martins- burg. Morgan- town. Mounds- ville. Parkers- burg. Wheel- ing. Total 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,247 670 1,081 951. 887 316 1,837 4,641 3,156 2,229 1,568 1,420 1,470 1,508 1,820 1,495 1,444 7,920 7,809 7,127 16 years of age and over: Male ' 1,238 643 946 789 ■767 125 155 102 10 7 18 298 1,671 4,399 2,955 1,972 235 108 156 7 93 101 741 766 1,263 1,191 1,446 1,286 1,358 365 187 71 9 ' 22 15 6,428 6,052 > 5, 574 Female 4 18 18 162 760 629 i72 296 1,393 1,492 1,185 5 9 4 77 35 35 21 99 265 368 Per cent of total: 16 years of age and over- Male 99.3 96.0 87.5 83.0 86.5 11.5 16.3 11.5 1.0 0.7 2.0 94.3 91.0 94.8 93.6 88.5 6.1 3.4 7.0 0.1 3.0 4.6 47.1 53,2 85.9 79.0 79.8 86.0 94.0 19.7 12.5 5.0 0.5 1.5 1.0 81.3 77.5 78.2 Female 0.3 2.7 5.7 8.8 47.9 44.3 11.7 i9.6 17.5 19.1 16.6 0.4 1.3 0.2 5.0 2.5 2.4 1.4 1.2 3.4 5.2 ■ ■■ 1 ' Figures do not agree with those published as it was necessary to revise the totals to include data only for establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. Table 8 presents, for the six cities for which statistics Of the 10 cities for which separate totals are given from the last three censuses are available, percentages the manufactures in nuie gave employment to more of census to census, based on the figurfef' M"l*aT5fe^7!^-'' T yearT ■-— - -— — /J. ■ o — increase in average number of waae^ajn^ayfiom i /tUaO-j h^¥f(^^S^ earners on the average during the Qsus to census, based on the figures M TaKTe 77-'^ r year: Wie industries of Wheeling gave employment 1610 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. to the largest number (7,920). The six cities for which comparative data are given for 1914 and 1909 show considerable increase in the ntimbers employed, and the four for which comparative figures are given for three censuses show that the number of wage earners increased constantly. Table 8 BlUefleld... Charleston.. Huntington. . Martinsburg.. Parkersburg.. Wheeling PEB CENT OF mCEEASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAENEES.l Period. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-190.9 1909-1914 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 Total. 86.1 22.0 13.8 7.2 108.2 47.1 41.6 10.4 26.0 21.7 11.1 1.4 9.6 16 years of age and over. Male. Female. 92.5 23.3 19.9 2.9 123.1 48.9 49.8 7.0 13.0 -5.3 15.4 6.3 8.6 22.5 -19.4 52.0 60.6 117.6 -30.8 19.6 91.4 17.1 -7.0 25.9 Under 16 years of age. -93.1 -7.9 -73.1 -62.5 -28.2 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages not shown where base is less than 100. The number of male wage earners greatly exceeds the number of females in all the cities except Martins- burg. The manufacture of hosiery and knit goods and woolen goods are the principal industries in Martinsburg, and they give employment to the largest number of females. The total for the city (750) was slightly in excess of the number of males (741). The number of female wage earners reported for three of the cities for 1914 was less than the number in 1909. There was an increase in the number of females during the 10 years for each of the four cities for which data are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The greatest number of females (1,393) is reported for Wheeling, where they are employed principally in the manufac- ture of cigars; copper, tin, and sheet- iron products; glass; lamps and reflectors; patent medicines and compounds; and chewing and smoking tobacco. There were 267 children under 16 years of age reported as wage earners in the 10 cities. Whe'eling reported the greatest number (99), and they were employed largely in the manufacture of glass and the printing and pubhshing industry. The textile indus- try of Martinsburg gave employment to most of the 77 children reported for that city. Wage earners employed, by months. — Table 9 gives, for all industries combined, for 1914 and 1909, a comparative statement of the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; for 1904, the average number employed during each month; and for each of the three years, the percentage which the number reported for each month forms of the greatest number reported for any month. DiQitiZQd b V Table 9 January February.., March , April May June July August September. October November. . December.. WAGE EAENEES IN MANUFACTUKING INDUSTRIES. Number.! X914 1909 71,042 56, 191 71,608 57,393 74,664 60,499 76,677 62,456 76,205 62,665 73,332 65,467 69,880 62,187 71,044 65,651 71,664 68,299 69,773 69,202 63,875 68,647 62,572 68,056 1904 38,852 40,030 42,633 44,618 46,163 46,147 43,686 43,192 44,294 45,671 45,394 44,416 Per cent of maximum. 1914 93.4 93.4 97.4 100.0 99.4 95.6 91.1 92.7 93.5 91.0 83.3 81.6 1909 81.2 82.9 87.4 90.3 90.5 94.6 89.9 94.9 98.7 100.0 99.2 98.3 1904 84.2 86.7 92.4 96.7 100.0 100.0 94.6 93.6 96.0 98.9 98.3 96.2 1 The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. For 1914 the spring months show the greatest activity in the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners appearing for April and the minimum for December of that year. In 1909, however, the maximum employment occurred in the fall months, the greatest number being re- ported for October and the minimum in January. For 1904 two months — May and June — are approxi- mately alike in showing the maximum number of wage earners. The minimum month for the year was January. The greatest difference between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 14,105 for 1914, the corre- sponding figures for 1909 and 1904 being 13,011 and 7,311, respectively. The average monthly employment of wage earners in 1914 was 71,078; in 1909, 63,893; in 1904, 43,758. The total average number of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number em- ployed on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined industries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the 10 cities with a population of 10,000 and over, is given in Table 10. The per cent that the maximum month forms of the minimum is also given. There are no seasonal industries of importance in West Virginia, although several of the more impor- tant industries, such as lumber and timber, glass, and iron and steel, show quite a fluctuation in number of wage earners employed, due to the imsettled trade conditions that existed during the latter part of the year 1914. For the state as a whole, the degree of fluctuation amounted to 18.4 per cent between the maximum and minimum months of April and Decem- ber, the least fluctuation being for the slaughtering and meat-packing, flour-mill and gristmill, and bread and other bakery products industries. Of the cities, Moundsville and Morgantown show the greatest fluctuation, 57.4 per cent and 58.3 per cent, respec- tively, being the proportions that the minimum formed of the maximum number of wage earners MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1611 Table lO WAGE EAENEKS: MU. [The month ol masdmum employment for each industry isjndicated by boldface figures and that of minimum employment by italic figures.) INDUSTEY AND CITY. All industries. Arliflclal stone products Bread and other bakery producte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brick, tile, pottery , and other clay producte . . . . . . Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies Clothing, men's Coke, not including gas-house coke Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products... Flour-mill and gristmill products Poundry and machine-shop products Glass Ice, manufactured ...!.!..!!!!!! Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mllis.. Leather, tann"ed, curried, and finished. Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products . Marble and stone work Minerals and earths, ground.. . Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing.. Tin plate and temeplate Woolen and worsted good s All other industries Total for cities . TihjmTmLD Chableston.. Claeksbubg. . Faibmont HtTNTINGTON.. Maetinsbueg.. moegantown. moundsville. . Paeeeesbtjeg . Wheeling Aver- age num- ber em- ployed during year. 71,0j78 263 569 4,790 216 8,437 491 1,392 1,575 381 1,908 364 5,348 1,072 773 244 17,417 224 422 1,033 1,218 214 1,475 276 12, 087 23,408 1,247 1,081 316 1,837 ' 4,641 1,568 1,470 1,608 1,820 7,920 Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Jan- uary. 249 SSO 31 8,538 495 1,690 1,S90 SS6 2,002 9,229 216 6,093 SB8 772 415 17,476 224 499 1,035 1,212 212 1,628 264 12,294 23,126 1,217 1,086 278 1,852 .6,005 1,453 1,442 968 1,860 7,977 Feb- ruary. 71,608 561 4,590 SS 8,473 1,650 1,397 357 1,916 10,011 HIS 6,054 849 662 401 17,081 219 483 1,092 1,201 212 1,420 280 11,739 23,390 1,252 1,024 176 1,873 4,619 i,m 1,446 1,571 1,769 8,116 March. 74,664 247 551 4,799 31 8,615 S21 1,678 1,566 359 1,961 10,137 226 6,599 995 801 403 18,006 216 625 1,071 1,213 215 1,468 ■ 277 12,184 24,259 1,287 1,088 276 1,950 4,739 1,476 1,372 1,720 1,889 April. 76,677 iif 654 5,166 8,245 499 1,624 1,740 363 2,076 10,082 301 6,860 1,022 850 426 18, 870 237 692 1,125 1,212 213 1,656 282 12,496 24,658 1,104 305 2,013 4,694 1,501 1,551 1,685 1,996 8,666 May. 76,205 577 6,130 29 8,100 510 1,432 1,706 364 2,107 10,173 380 6,426 1,105 897 440 19,687 236 516 1,128 1,202 211 1,606 253 12,698 24,978 1,206 1,110 311 1,980 4,988 1,544 1,596 1,666 2,034 8,554 June. 73,332 287 583 4,832 29 8,255 493 1,341 1,637 366 2,032 8,152 485 5,229 1,171 745 643 19,491 234 464 1,071 1,190 212 1,636 256 12,599 24,579 1,181 1,163 333 2,079 4,710 1,697 1,595 1,576 1,989 8,356 July. August. 69,880 iiT 588 4,610 95 456 1,252 1,658 368 2,032 6,089 638 4,919 1,218 737 18,941 230 339 1,029 1,194 214 1,509 249 12,622 22, 736 1,211 1,119 342 i,eii 4,711 1,592 9S7 1,470 1,796 8,047 71,044 291 686 4,929 351 U9 1,278 1,631 382 1,911 7,138 611 4,991 1,186 814 67 18,403 227 371 9S8 1,190 217 1,480 2SB 12,642 23,631 1,279 1,092 372 1,859 4,567 1,606 1,428 1,505 1,805 8,128 tember. 71,664 283 587 4,969 1,238 1,646 386 1,799 8,271 489 5,253 1,176 57 16,762 221 328 971 1,232 mo 1,637 246 12,659 24,128 1,292 1,084 335 2,081 4,681 1,664 1,607 1,519 1,860 8,105 Octo- ber. Novem- ber. 69, 773 264 678 5,124 8,942 501 1,194 1,606 424 1,808 8,413 421 4,681 1,138 709 38 16,164 220 333 965 1,249 217 1,512 374 11,974 1,400 1,100 332 1,771 4,455 1,657 1,572 1,512 1,655 7,514 63,875 m 568 4,944 144 8,115 493 1,186 1,491 422 1,675 9,431 305 s,ee7 1,093 738 14,519 216 335 974 1,258 215 i,in 298 10, W 21,060 1,353 1,000 318 1,516 i,m 1,654 1,544 1,509 1,619 6,176 Eeoem- ber. 62,172 555 4,352 55 7, 52S 493 1,U1 1,432 426 1,B77 9,542 283 4,414 1,083 ess 30 lS,60i 208 279 977 1,263 220 1,227 299 10,703 21,383 1,143 1,002 316 1,560 4,461 1,628 1,650 1,406 1,178 Per cent mini- mum is of maxi- mum. 81.6 74.7 93.5 78.5 2.7 83.5 86.2 67.6 79.9 83.3 74.8 69.9 39.6 53.3 68.0 73.0 4.6 69.1 87.8 47.1 84.9 94.2 95.5 68. S 66.6 82.2 84.3 81.6 86.0 74.2 72.6 83.4 86.8 58.3 56.3 79.6 77.8 Prevailing hours of labor. — Table 11 shows the aver- age number of wage earners classified according to the hours of labor per week prevailing in the estab- lishments ia which they were employed for 1914 and 1909. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or less number of hours. The figures for the state relate to all industries combined and to a number of selected industries, and for the cities, to all industries combined. Table 11 Census year. average ndmbee op wage earnees. INDUSTEY AND CITY. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— V 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. 64. Between . 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 71,078 63,893 12,286 7,181 7,316 3,162 7,503 6,603 6,201 7,304 26,454 31,480 10,141 6,209 772 274 405 1,780 263 79 S69 346 4,790" 2,916 216 271 8,437 5,662 491 261 1,392 10 1 70 14 75 27 564 480 13 2 1,010 35 273 28 195 316 2 47 65 S 15 65 181 17 314 227 987 860 186 261 306 2,489 14 85 717 3,966 60 29 2,468 1,291 17 31 8 20 33 4 17 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products 756 220 Canning and preserving 8 16 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- 2,089 115 472 50 89 4,534 411 10 panies. Clothing, men's 1,614 1,053 . 148 Coke, not including gas-house coke 29 406 45 Digitize osdf ie' 69 1612 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. Table 1 1— Continued. Census year. AVEBAOE NUMBEE OF WAGE EARNERS. INDUSTRY AND CITT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Between 48 and 54. -54. Between 54 and 60. 60. Between 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1,575 916 381 452 1,908 1,354 8,889 6,190 364 233 5,348 5,060 1,072 1,571 773 514 244 415 17,417 18,643 224 144 422 58 1,033 1,162 1,218 1,255 214 167 1,475 1,335 276 599 12,087 9,874 23,408 38 16 74 155 10 2,315 1,866 87 67 20 ,17 872 512 532 1,424 41 35 962 812 139 08 . 430 248 19 25 227 169 983 385 16 5 740 312 508 593 294 273 644 598 1,128 263 141 71 535 315 853 1,374 558 513 13 42 13,233 13,998 23 44 410 50 666 680 80 99 42 21 512 1 1 FlouT-niill and gristtnill products 14 35 18 22 4 10 31 3,931 2,252 1 .•^ 34 Glass 85 20 937 1,842 24 33 56 69 2,123 1,779 51 80 1 1 128 88 127 1 1 146 129 397 364 110 79 10 85 208 308 168 81 11 1 36 3,070 3,148 190 205 10 5 219 757 1 3 5 2 8 301 96 66 57 10 41 329 741 601 90 35 171 288 479 1 146 857 523 328 456 36 4 1,334 1,154 4,196 290 356 240 594 4,372 4,047 4,330 i 3,031 2,920 4,530 All other industries . 818 592 4,355 1,426 320 3,995 552 200 1,788 346 71 29 208 Total for cities 570 185 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,247 1,081 316 1,837 4,641 1,568 1,470 1,508 1,820 7,920 52 138 47 103 2,537 9 452 17 238 762 24 146 103 143 379 62 266 41 1,013 2,019 15 207 36 460 333 1,208 4 46 39 2,182 86 528 63 209 1,293 155 424 59 496 1,017 1,054 SO 33 31 9 16 Chasleston . 12 9 891 64 134 319 823 25 Faikmont 2 24 Martinsbubg 4 2 2 3 1 MOUNDSVILLE. 520 29 62 3 1,743 132 From these figures it appears that 56.5 per cent of the wage earners in all industries throughout the state in 1914 were employed in establishments in which the prevailing hours were from 54 to 60 per week; that 27.5 per cent were employed in establish- ments in which the prevailing hours were less than 54 ; and that 15.9 per cent were in establishments where the prevailing hours were more than 60. In the cities, taken as a group, for the same three classes re- ferred to, the percentages differ somewhat from those for the state as a whole, being 55.8, 35.7, and 8.6, respectively. The majority of wage earners in Fairmont, Hunt- ington, Morgantown, and Moundsville were employed in establishments in which the prevailing hours were Digitized by less than 54; in Charleston, Clarksburg, Martinsburg, Parkersburg, and Wheeling, in establishments with prevailing hours from 54 to 60, inclusive ; and in Blue- field, in establishments with prevailing hours between 60 and 72. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the man- ufactures in West Virginia are centralized in the 10 cities with a population of 10,000 and over. In accepting the statistics in this table it must be remembered that some of the cities that had a popu- lation of 10,000 or more in 1914 were included in the district outside of cities at prior censuses: Clarks- burg, Fairmont, Morgantown, and Moundsville in 1909 and 1899, and Bluefield and Martinsburg in 1899. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1613 The 10 cities having a population estimated at 10,000 or over in 1914 show 15.2 per cent of the total population estimated for the state, 25.6 per cent of the total niunber of establishments, 32.9 per cent of the total average number of wage earners, and 34.8 per cent of the total value of products. Table 12 Number of places. Population! Number of establishments. Average number of wage earners.. Value of products Value added by manufacture . Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 Aggregate. 1,332,910 1,221,119 958,800 2,749 2,586 1,824 71,078 63,893 33,080 $193,511,782 161,949,526 67,006,822 83,478,617 69,071,538 29,778,569 CITIES HAVniQ A POPULATION OP 10,000 OR OVER. Total. Number or amount. 10 6 4 206,122 135,526 75,183 705 435 327 23,408 15,501 9,830 867,321,100 46,302,723 23,079,313 29,399,155 19,032,710 9,630,783 Per cent of ag- gregate. 15.5 11.1 7.8 25.6 16.8 17.9 32.9 24.3 29.7 34.8 28.6 34.4 35.2 27.6 32.3 10,000 to 25,000. Number or amount. 94,087 62,724 36,305 313 192 149 9,766 4,536 3,640 {24,342,252 12,714,312 8,004,968 11,342,784 4,851,460 2,962,341 Per cent ofag- 7.1 5.1 3.8 11.4 7.4 8.2 13.7 7.1 11.0 12.6 7.9 11.9 13.6 7.0 9.9 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 2 1 112,035 72,802 38,878 392 243 178 13,642 10,965 6,190 $42,978,848 33,588,411 15,074,345 18,056,371 14,181,250 6,668,442 Per cent of ag- gregate. 8.4 6.0 4.1 14.3 9.4 9.8 19.2 17.2 18.7 22.2 20.7 22.5 21.6 20.5 22.4 DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OP CITIES HAVING A POP- ULATION OP 10,000 OR OVEB. Number or amount. 1,126,788 1,086,593 883,617 2,044 2,151 1,497 47,670 48,392 23,250 $126,190,682 115,646,803 43,927,609 54,079,462 60,038,828 20,147,786 Per cent of ag- gregate. 84.5 88.9 92.2 74.4 83.2 82.1 67.1 75.7 70.3 65.2 71.4 64.8 72.4 67.7 Table 13 shows, for 1914, 1909, and, 1904, the rela- tive importance in manufactures of each of the cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products. The cities are listed in the order of their rank in respect to value of products in 1914. Table 13 AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 7,920 4,641 1,820 1,837 1,081 1,508 1,568 1,470 1247 316 7,809 3,156 1,495 7,127 2,229 1,444 $27,878,933 11,400,468 7,142,990 4,383,674 3,699,447 3,628,793 3,021,938 2,337,990 2,173,008 1,653,859 $27,077,151 6,511,260 6,498,452 $21,797,475 4,407,153 Parkersbiirg 3,778,139 Charleston ........ 951 887 3,235,363 2,100,470 Mounds ville Martinsburg Morgantown Ttlnnfinlrl 1,420 2,516,458 670 1,465,039 ^ Each of the cities for which comparable figures are given shows increases in value of products and average number of wage earners. Wheeling, the most important city of the state, is noted especially for its iron and steel industries, but there were 16 industries in the city that reported products valued at more than $500,000 each in 1914. In order of importance these industries ranked as follows: Steel works and rolling mills; tobacco, chewing and smoking; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; cigars and cigarettes; tin plate and terne- plate; foundry and machine-shop products; iron and steel, blast furnaces; patent medicines and com- pounds; galvanizing; slaughtering and meat pack- ing; glass; printing and publishing; lamps and reflec- tors; liquors, malt; bread and other iakeryprodiicts; and leather, tanned, curried, and^-ttSffii^Crifl^e' ■ Census estimate of population for 1914. were 123 establishments reported for these industries and they gave employment to 6,729 wage earners, or 85 per cent of the total number for all industries in the city; and their products were valued at $24,273,176, or 85.6 per cent of the total. For the period 1909-1914 the greatest relative gain in value of products, 60 per cent, was made by Hunt- ington. This was largely the result of the increased output of the steam-railroad repair shops and of its flour and lumber mills, glassworks, furniture, mattress and spring bed factories, the construction of steam- railroad cars and printing and pubhshing industries. In Charleston the 14.3 per cent increase was divided among its principal industries, aU of which showed substantial increases in value of products. These industries, with products valued at more than $200,000 each, are bread and other bakery products, flour-mill and gristmill products, foundry and machine-shop products, lumber and timber products, and printing and publishing. Parkersburg, with an increase of $1,644,538 in value of products between 1909 and 1914, reported in detail 83 estabhshments, which represented 35 indus- tries. Those industries having products valued at more than $250,000 are: Boots and shoes; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam- railroad companies; clothing, men's; foundry and machine-shop products; furniture; lumber and timber products; oils, not elsewhere specified; petroleum refining; and printing and publishing. Martinsburg shows an increase of 20.2 per cent in value of products between 1909 and 1914. The prin- cipal industries reported were carriages and wagons, . -flour-milU and gristmill products, hosiery and knit I'V'^fi^S^Qilli^d liquors, and woolen goods. 1614 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. At the census of 1914 four cities — Clarksburg, Fair- mont, Morgantown, and MoundsviUe — were added to those having 10,000 or more inhabitants. The prin- cipal industries in Clarksburg are bread and other bakery products, confectionery, foundry and machine- shop products, manufactured ice, and printing and publishing. The leading industries in Fairmont are glass, and the manufacture of foimdry and machine- shop products, and lumber aiid timber products. The leading industry of Morgantown is the manufacture of glass. Among other important industries are bread and other bakery products, confectionery, foundry and machine-shop products, and printing and pub- lishiag. MoundsviUe reported products valued at $3,628,793, made by 27 establishments representing 20 different industries, the most prominent being brooms and brushes, men's and women's clothing, glass, and stamped and enameled ware. Character of ownership. — ^Table 14 presents statistics in respect to character of ownership, or legal organ- ization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined for the state as a whole comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904, while for the selected industries figures for 1914 and 1909 only are given. For individual cities the figures are for aU industries combined and relate only to 1914. To avoid disclosing the operations of individual establishments several important industries are omitted. Table 14 Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ES- AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. INDUSTRY AND CITY. TABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— Total. In establish- ments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914- 1914 1914 1,304 1,188 920 90i 813 638 540 585 551 71,078 63,893 43,768 6,060 6,113 4,922 62, 436 53,306 35,065 3,582 4,474 3,771 7.1 9.6 11.2 87.8 83.4 80.1 5.0 7.0 8.6 5193,611,782 161,949,526 99,040,676 $11,258,657 11,086,973 10,014,225 $171,832,947 140,385,264 78,951,053 $10,420,178 10,477,289 10,075,398 5.8 6.8 10.1 88.8 86.7 79.7 5.4 6.5 10.2 Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Foundry and machine-shop products. Glass 114 124 5 6 8 3 112 90 32 27 5 5 5 2 601 549 134 132 283 7 10 48 39 13 11 41 38 60 38 54 42 39 26 152 173 71 68 328 17 17 2 5 3 5 76 79 26 18 4 4 3 7 242 294 37 35 94 669 346 4,790 2,916 1,575 916 381 452 1,908 1,354 8,889 6,190 364 233 17, 417 18,643 1,218 1,255 23,408 331 224 185 45 31 14 101 126 97 144 49 44 6 2,318 3,249 336 296 1,805 135 86 4,705 2,793 1,533 885 200 220 1,696 1,088 8,551 6,066 345 207 13, 136 12,320 810 872 20,839 103 36 ""78 11 17 80 106 115 122 289 80 13 8 26 1,963 3,074 72 87 764 58.2 64.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.5 26.5 27.9 5.1 10.6 0.6 0.7 1.6 13.3 17.4 27.6 23.6 7.7 23.7 24.9 98.2 95.8 97.3 96.6 52.5 48.7 88.9 80.3 96.2 98.0 94.8 88.8 75.4 66.1 66.5 69.5 89.0 18.1 10.4 "'2.7 0.7 1.9 21.0 23.5 6.0 9.0 3.3 1.3 3.6 11.2 11.3 16.5 5.9 6.9 3.3 2,305,438 1,469,911 6,798,118 3,629,037 4,731,760 2,150,789 7,052,814 7,695,801 5,079,574 3,391,930 14,631,171 7,779,483 755,922 478,887 28,994,240 28,758,481 2,430,565 1,992,036 67,321,100 1,304,367 897,665 1116,408 28,345 63,574 32,965 1,391,957 1,517,216 259,701 286,552 48,038 49,969 15,617 630,714 423,001 6,681,710 3,527,969 4,636,138 2,084,889 4,666,226 4,786,234 4,436,946 2,748,527 14,283,733 7,657,301 719,632 425,726 21,515,216 20,267,413 1,671,316 1,353,748 59,068,436 370,357 149,245 56.6 61.1 1.7 0.8 1.3 1.5 19.7 19.7 5.1 8.4 0.3 0.6 2.1 12.3 14.4 25.3 25.0 7.1 27.4 28.8 98.3 97.2 98.0 96.9 66.2 62.2 87.3 81.0 97.6 98.4 95.2 88.9 74.2 70.5 68.8 68.0 87.7 16.1 10.2 72,723 32,048 32,935 994,631 1,392,351 382,927 356,851 299,400 72,213 20,673 2 53,161 3,909,737 4,353,467 144,966 139,709 3,472,159 2.0 0.7 1.5 14.1 18.1 7.5 10.5 2.0 .0.9 2.7 11.0 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing Total for cities 3,569,287 4,137,601 614,283 498,679 4,780,505 13.5 16.1 5.9 7.0 5.2 8 29 18 20 41 16 21 13 29 88 16 48 19 25 51 12 19 8 a ■"i2 6 5 10 9 9 6 12 25 1,247 1,081 316 1,837 4,641 1,568 1,470 1,508 1,820 7,920 37 69 88 80 224 75 34 60 103 1,035 1,210 951 176 1,728 4,365 1,434 1,420 1,407 1,571 6,577 ""ei 52 29 52 69 16 41 146 308 3.0 6.4 27.8 4.4 4.8 4.8 2.3 4.0 5.7 13.1 ' 97.0 88.0 65.7 94.1 94.1 91.5 96.6 93.3 86.3 83.0 "■5.6 16.5 1.6 1.1 3.8 1.1 2.7 8.0 3.9 2,173,008 3,699,447 1,653,859 4,383,674 11,400,468 3,021,938 2,337,990 3,628,793 7,142,990 27,878,933 127,853 284,093 289,115 170,075 575,277 293,462 189,843 549,009 292,660 2,009,118 2,045,165 3,202,889 1,183,113 4,156,361 10,723,242 2,509,260 2,080,396 1,650,903 6,460,221 25,056,896 5.9 7.7 17.5 3.9 5.0 9.7 8.1 15.1 4.1 7 2 94.1 86.6 71.5 94.8 94.1 83.0 89.0 45.5 90.4 89.9 Charleston 212,465 181,631 67,238 101,949 219,216 67,751 1,428,881 390,109 812,919 5.7 11.0 Fairmont 1.3 0.9 7.3 Morgantown 2.9 39.4 Parkersburg 6 5 2.9 1 Includes the group "all others." For aU iadustries combined the statistics for 1914 show that the establishments under corporate owner- ship, while representing only 32.9 per cent of the total nirmber of establishments, reported 87.9 per cent of the total average niunber of wage earners and 88.8 per cent of the total value of products. The correspond- ing percentages for 1909 were 81.4, 83.4, and 86.7, respectively, and for 1904, 30.3, 80.1, and 79.7, respectively. Individual ownership represented 47 per cent of the total number of establishments in the Digitized by ' Includes the group " individuals." state, but the percentages reported by this class for wage earners and value of products were only 7.1 and 5.8, respectively. In the individual industries the forms of ownership prevailing vary. The bread and other bakery prod- ucts, liunber and timber products, and printing and publishing industries are more largely controlled by individual and all other forms of ownership than are the other industries for which figures are given. This is particularly the case with the bread and other IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1615 bakery products industry, in which 131 out of a total of 138 establishments in 1914, with 76.3 per cent of the total number of wage earners and 72.6 per cent of the total Talue of products, were under individual and all other forms of ownership. In Bluefield, Charleston, and Parkersburg, more than half, and in Fairmont and Huntington one-half of the establishments were under corporate ownership ; in the other cities the majority were imder individual and all other forms of ownership. The average num- ber of wage earners, however, shows, the percentage reported by corporations was in excess of the percent- age reported for individual and all other forms of ownership combined; and the same condition exists in respect to value of products, except in the case of MoTondsville, for which only 45.4 per cent of the total value of products was reported by establishments under corporate ownership. This condition is due to the fact that a large amount of contract work was done in the state penitentiary iu Moundsville, which was reported as part of the value of products of estab- lishments under all other ownership. Since the pris- oners employed in the performance of this work are not reported as wage earners, however, the per cent distribution of the wage gamers in Moundsville is not radically different from that for all the cities taken as a group. Size of establishments. — It is of interest from the standpoint of industrial organization to note the tend- ency toward concentration of manufactures in large establishments. The following table groups the estab- lishments according to the value of their products and gives, for each group, for 1914, 1909, and 1904 the average number of wage earners, the value of prod- ucts, and the value added by manufacture, together with the per cent distribution. Table 15 VALUE OP PRODUCT. NUMBEE OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF 'WAGE EARNERS. VALUE or PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 2,749 2,586 2,109 71,078 63,893 43,758 $193,511,782 $161,949,526 $99,040,676 $83,478,617 $69,071,538 $44,621,470 1,166 786 488 266 43 1,082 759 462 250 33 775 707 443 170 14 1,767 4,107 10,082 35,227 19,895 1,988 4,240 10,384 32,553 14,728 1,180 3,914 10,657 21,487 6,520 2,644,911 8,031,347 22,485,402 79,149,733 81,200,389 2,548,624 7,566,470 21,017,729 68,334,808 62,481,895 1,818,126 7,340,887 19,041,458 45,685,216 25,154,989 1,800,714 4,644,685 11,464,927 40,266,968 25,301,323 1,734,907 4,352,873 10,417,819 33,.764, 126 18,801,813 1,209,794 4,036,852 10,011,781 21,889,469 7,473,574 JS,000 to 120,000 t20,000 to S100,000 1100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over PER CENT DISTRIBUTION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 42.4 28.6 17.8 9.7 1.6 41.8 29.4 17.9 9.7 1.3 36.7 33.5 21.0 8.1 0.7 2.5 5.8 14.2 49.6 28.0 3.1 6.6 16.3 50.9 23.1 2.7 8.9 24.4 49.1 14.9 1.4 4.2 11.6 40.9 42.0 1.6 4.7 13.0 42.2 38.6 1.8 7.4 19.2 46.1 25.4 2.2 5.6 13.7 48.2 30.3 2.5 6.3 15.1 48.9 27.2 2.7 15,000 to $20,000 9.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 22.4 49.1 16.7 It will be seen from th^s table that 43 of the 2,749 establishments reported in 1914, or 1.6 per cent, turned out products valued at more than $1,000,000. These estabhshments employed an average of 19,895 wage earners, or 27.9 per cent of the total for aU wage earners, and reported 42 per cent of the total value of products and 30.3 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. On the other hand, the very small estabhshmnets — that is, those having products valued at' less than $5,000 — although constituting 42.4 per cent of the total number of establishments, reported only 1.4 per cent of the total value of products. The great bulk of the manufacturing was reported by establishments having products valued at $100,000 or more. The table shows that during the five years from 1909 to 1914 there was a considerable increase, as measured by both value of products and value added by manu- facture, in the relative importance of the largest estab- lishments — those reporting products valued at not less than $1,000,000 — and a decrease in that of each of the other classes. A sunilar but more pronounced change took place between 1904 and 1909. Digitized by The average value of products per establishment, for all classes of establishments combined, increased during the last five-year period from $62,625 to $70,394, and the average value added by manufacture from $26,710 to $30,367; but this fact should not be taken as being in itself an indication of a tendency toward concentration, since the increased values are in all probability due in part to the increases that have taken place in the prices of commodities. Table 16 shows for seven of the more important industries, for 1914 and 1909, a classification similar to that presented in Table 15. It will be noted that the average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manu- facture, per establishment, are high in the glass, copper, tin, and sheet-iron products, and brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products industries ; while the averages are low in the foundry and machine-shop, flour-mill and gristmiU, linnber and timber, and print- ing and publishing industries. The average value of products in the glass industry was $232,200, and in the printing and publishing industry approximately $10,000. The largest establishments in the state, IVIicrosoft® 1616 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. however, as measured by average value of products per establislunent, were in the tin-plate and terne- plate industry, with an average of $1,891,320; the steel works and rolling miUs industry, with $1,412,371 ; and the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, with $683,950; but in order to avoid disclosing the opera- tions of individual establishments, these industries could not be shown in the detail given in the table. Table 16 INDUSTRY AND VALtJE OP PRODUCT. Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Less than S20,000i. $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over '. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron prod- ucts Less than $5,000.. $6,000 to $100,000 3 $100,000 and over 2 Floub-mill and gristmill products.. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. Glass. Less than $20,000 1. $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 2. Lumber and timber products.. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000. . $100,000 and over 2. Printing and publishing. Less than $5,000.. $5,000 to $20,000. . . $20,000 and over 1. number of establish- ments. 1914 7 8 9 229 64 100 S4 11 118 6 12 45 995 1909 50 19 675 236 116 147 69 26 10 6 207 83 7 15 29 1,016 524 294 128 70 235 168 54 23 average number op wage EARNERS. 1914 4,790 237 724 3,829 1,575 381 27 96 142 116 91 151 488 1„178 483 8,370 17,417 960 1,626 2,951 11,880 1,218 239 322 657 1909 2,916 222 669 2,025 916 3 59 854 452 105 164 167 45 146 687 576 6,190 40 765 5,395 18,643 1,130 2,286 3,379 11,848 1,255 274 315 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 4.9 15.1 79.9 100.0 0.6 4.8 94.5 100.0 7.1 25.2 37.3 30.4 100.0 4.8 7.9 26.6 61.7 100.0 0.4 5.4 94.2 100.0 16.9 68.2 100.0 19.6 26.4 63.9 100.0 7.6 22.9 69.4 100.0 0.3 6.4 93.2 100.0 5.8 23.2 36.3 34.7 100.0 3.3 10.8 43.4 42.5 100.0 0.6 12.2 87.2 100.0 6.1 12.3 18.1 63.6 100.0 21.8 25.1 63.1 VALUE OP products. 1914 $6,798,118 183,926 973,598 6,640,594 4,731,760 18,530 172,331 4,540,899 7,052,814 183,312 1,082,202 2,199,466 3,587,834 5,079,674 129,480 331,960 1,25J,556 3,360,578 14,631,171 31,888 668,968 13,940,315 28,994,240 1,205,746 2,334,064 5,733,233 19,721,197 2,430,565 343,993 680, 790 1,505,782 1909 $3,629,037 184,071 764,892 2,680,074 2, 160, 789 9,986 136,766 2,004,039 7,695,801 109, 153 1,037,257 2,694,193 3,965,198 3,391,930 66,683 242,844 1,418,392 1,666,011 7,779,483 37,675 844,316 6,897,492 28,768,481 1, 186, 419 2,839,906 6,847,802 18,886,356 1,992,036 368,047 477,927 1,146,062 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 2.7 14.3 83.0 100.0 0.4 3.6 96.0 100.0 2.6 15.3 31.2 60.9 100.0 2.5 6.6 24.7 66.2 100.0 0.2 4.5 95.3 100.0 4.2 8.1 19.8 68.0 100.0 14.2 23.9 62.0 100.0 5.1 21.1 73.9 100.0 0.6 6.4 93.2 100.0 1.4 13.6 33.7 51.4 100.0 1.9 7.2 41.8 49.1 100.0 0.5 10.9 88.7 100.0 4.1 9.9 20.3 65.7 100.0 18.5 24.0 57.5 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 $4,576,173 137,453 733,716 3,705,004 1,621,345 10,644 79,878 1,430,823 1,124,386 45,573 239,736 429,825 409,262 2,409,123 86,884 227,906 664, 194 1,430,139 9,993,030 19,572 463,059 9,620,399 19,411,838 924,723 1,706,505 3,342,071 13,438,539 1,770,549 276,067 438,009 1,056,483 1909 $2,568,098 141,365 548,082 1,878,651 796,565 6,351 73,394 716,820 1,094,654 20,702 214,799 426,012 433,141 1,632,262 37,711 160,587 731,322 702,632 5,483,656 29,349 679, 102 4,875,104 20,082,394 2,002,684 3,467,986 13,730,941 1,461,498 290,696 370,669 790,233 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 3.0 16.0 81.0 100.0 0.7 5.3 94.0 100.0 4.1 21.3 38.2 36.4 100.0 3.6 9.6 27.6 59.4 100.0 0.2 4.5 95.3 100.0 4.8 17.2 69.2 100.0 15.6 24.7 59.7 100.0 5.5 21.3 73.2 100.0 0.8 9.2 90.0 100.0 1.9 19.6 39.6 100.0 2.3 9.8 44.8 43.0 100. b 0.5 10.6 100.0 4.4 10.0 17.3 68.4 100.0 20.0 25.5 54.4 1 Includes the group "less than $5,000." 2 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over." 3 Includes the group "$20,000 to $100,000." « Includes the group "$100,000 to $1,000,000" in 1914, and the group "$1,000,000 and over" in 1909. Table 17 shows, for 1914, for each of the 10 cities having a population of 10,000 and over, for all indus- tries combined, the number of establishments classified according to value of products per establishment, and for each group the average number* of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufactTire. The per cent distribution of the items constituting each total is also given. Table 1 7 Blue field.. Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 and over 1- Charleston. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to 8100,000 $100,000 to .?1,000,000. Clarksburg. . . Less than $5,000. . . $5,000 to $20,000... $20,000 and over 2.. CITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCT. Number ot estab- lish- ments. WAGE EARNERS. Average number. 1,247 6 46 1,195 1,081 "30 131 410 610 316 li) 6S 232 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.5 3.7 96.8 100.0 2.8 12.1 37.9 47.2 100.0 6.1 21.6 73.4 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. Amount. $2, 173, 008 10, 210 106, 520 2, 056, 278 3, 699, 447 61, 877 312, 825 1, 120, 413 2,204,332 1, 653, 859 19, 529 178, 728 1, 455, 602 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.5 4.9 94.6 100.0 lT 8.5 30.3 59.6 1.2 10.8 88.0 VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. Amount. 1 IncludaaJhe groups "$100,000 to $LOqfl,000 " and "$1^)004)00 and over." 2 inciudj9;|g^^^gr,o|^y$ii!|^/^/'Q3Q JY@ $1, 094, 644 8,313 62,201 1,024,130 1,527,591 182, 418 579,616 725, 677 643,884 12, 875 96, 817 S34,1S2 Per cent of total. 100.0 0.8 5.7 93.6 100.0 276 11.9 37.9 47.5 100.0 2.0 15.0 83.0 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1617 Table 1 7— Continued. Number of estab- lish- ments. WAGE EABNEBS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUTACTUBE. Average number. Per cent of total. Amount. Percent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Fajosmont 50 1,837 100.0 4,383,674 100.0 2,775,403 100.0 Less than $5,000 9 20 16 5 102 21 104 302 1,410 4,641 1.1 5.7 16.4 76.8 100.0 22,106 211,456 894,232 3,255,880 11,400,468 0.5 4.8 20.4 74.3 100.0 15,004 121,360 372,011 2,267,028 4,623,369 0.5 15,000 to 120,000 . . 4.4 »20,000 to 8100,000 , 13.4 $100,000 and over 1 81.7 Huntington 100.0 Less than $5,000 25 25 31 18 3 37 33 99 555 1,354 2,600 1,568 0.7 2.1 12.0 29.2 56.0 100.0 60,060 232,948 1,281,606 3,357,206 6,468,648 3,021,938 0.5 2.0 11.7 29.4 66.7 100.0 37,836 134,659 672,076 1,649,946 2,128,852 1,313,344 0.8 $5,000 to $20,000 2.9 $20,000 to $100,000 14.5 $100,000 to $1000,000 ,' " 35.7 $1,000,000 and over 46.0 Martinsbueg 100.0 8 13 11 6 49 13 58 144 1,353 1,470 0.8 3.7 9.2 86.3 100.0 18,365 128,690 476, 816 2,398,067 2,337,990 0.6 4.3 15.8 79.4 100.0 12,676 76,377 ,155,200 1,069,091 1,584,314 1.0 $5,000 to $20,000 5.8 $20,000 to $100,000 11.8 $100,000 and over' 81.4 100.0 Less than $5,000 . 18 16 9 6 27 16 64 118 1,272 1,508 1.1 4.4 8.0 86.5 100.0 42, 170 179,387 384,423 1, 732, 010 3, 628, 793 1.8 7.7 16.4 74.1 100.0 25, 778 90,784 185, 521 1,282,231 1,533,326 1.6 5.7 $20,000 to $100,000 11.7 80.9 MOUNDSVILLE 100.0 5 7 10 5 83 7 44 140 1,317 1,820 0.5 2.9 9.3 87.3 100.0 11,854 85,627 310, 733 3,220,579_ 7,142,990 0.3 2.4 8.6 88.8 100.0 8,255 48,335 145,585 1,331,151 2,397,869 0.5 $5,000 to $20,000 3.2 $20,000 to $100,000 9,5 $100,000 and over' 86.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 25 19 25 14 201 33 86 442 1,259 7,920 1.8 4.7 24.3 69.2 , 100.0 65,337 195, 116 1,053,012 5,829,525 27,878,933 0.9 2.7 14.7 81.6 100.0 35,977 103,030 688,950 1,669,912 11, 905, 411 ( 1.5 ^ 4.3 $20,000 to $100,000 24.6 69.6 100.0 Less than $5,000 65 57 38 32 9 136 318 757 4,034 2,675 1.7 4.0 9.6 50.9 33.8 162, 173 641,972 1,756,699 11, 597, 129 13,720,960 0.6 2.3 6.3 41.6 49.2 111,892 367, 896 891, 898 5,273,487 5,260,238 0.9 $5,000 to $20,000 3.1 7.5 $100,000 to $1 000,000 44.3 $1 000 000 and over 44.2 ' Includes the group " 81,000,000 and over." The cities having the highest average value per establishment, for all classes combiaed, were Wheeling, with $138,701, and Moundsville, with $134,400; and those having the lowest averages were Clarksburg and Charleston, with $38,462 and $41,567, respectively. The highest average value for establishments having products in excess of $1,000,000 was reported for Huntington — three establishments with an average of $2,189,549. The lowest average for establishments with products valued at less than $5,000 appears for Bluefield — six establishments with an average of $1,702. Table 18 shows the size of estabHshments as meas- ured by the average number of wage earners employed in 1914. The figures given are for the combined indus- tries of the state and for the 24 industries giving em- ployment to more than 200 wage earners. Similar statistics are shown for the combined industries of each of the 10 cities of 10,000 or more inhabitants. Of the 2,749 establishments reported for all in- dustries, 1,545, or 56.2 per cent, reported from 1 to 5 wage earners ; 25.2 per cent, from 6 to 50 wage earners ; and 19.6 per cent, 51 or more; while 7.9 per cent em- ployed no wage earners. The establishments employ- 821010-18—102 Digitized by ing more than 100 wage earner numbered 158, of which 22 employed more than 500 each. Of the latter, 5 were steam-railroad repair shops, 3 were glass factories, 3 were steel works and rolling mills, and 4 were estab- lishments manufacturing lumber and timber products. Of the total number of wage earners, 47 per cent were in establishments employing more than 250 wage earners. The single group reporting the largest num- ber of employees is that comprising the establishments having 251 to 500 wage earners, which gave employ- ment to 14,180 wage earners, or 20 per cent of the total for all industries. This group shows' an average of 346 wage earners per establishment. More than one-half of the total number of wage earners employed in the steel works and rolling mills were in this group. There were 245 establishments reporting no wage earners. In these small establishments the proprietors and members of their families not receiving compen- sation in the form of wages did all the work. The principal industries in which establishments of this character were found are bread and other bakery products, flour-mill and gristmill products, printing and publishing, and lumber and timber products (sawmills) . IVIicrosoft® 1618 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. Table 18 rUDUSTKY AND CITT. All industries Artificial stone products Bread and other bakery products , Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Canning and preserving Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compa^ nles Clothing, men's Coke, not including gas-house coke Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products FlouT-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products Glass. Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather, tanned, curried, and finished lime laquors, malt Lumber and timber products Sforble and stone work ^ Uinraals and earths, ground PapCT and wood pulp Prmtiug and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing Tin plate and temeplate '. Woolen and worsted goods An other industries Total lor cities pLTJEFIELD 'Chableston Clabksburg. Fairmont Hdntington MAETINSBtniQ MORGANTOWN MOX7NDSVlI,LE Parkebsbckg Wheeling. Estab- lish- ments. 2,749 31 138 65 118 63 47 15 18 10 10 995 27 12 8 242 557 705 43 50 102 37 49 27 83 201 earners (average number). 71,078 263 569 4,790 216 8,437 491 1,392 1,575 381 1,908 8,889 364 5,348 1,072 773 244 17,417 224 422 1,033 1,218 214 1,476 276 12,087 23,408 1,247 1,081 316 1,837 4,641 1,568 1,470 1,508 1,820 7,920 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYINa — No wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 245 79 1 to 5 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 1,645 4 3 1 667 17 2 161 1 2 292 320 Wage earners. 3,391 65 219 7 34 12 7 30 245 160 14 63 392 1 4 724 26 127 72 42 116 48 53 19 86 244 6 to 20 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. 472 16 2 5 174 5 2 181 Wage earners. 5,092 34 271 216 182 82 14 212 106 257 31 181 378 50 1,970 121 231 175 186 227 114 80 80 259> 497 21 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments.' 220 10 45 75 Wage earners. 7,119 43 79 47 28 30 359 294 120 97 175 26 120 1,828 75 187 116 348 30 45 91 1,474 2,340 49 289 69 164 520 108 65 91 277 708 Table 1 8 —Continued. INDUSTRY AND CITT. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOTING— 51 to 100 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Over 1,000 w earners. Estab- Ush- ments. All industries. 8,045 95 14,038 14,180 16 10,840 8,373 Artificial stone products Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad conipames Clothmg, men's Coke, not including gas-house coke Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Foundry and machine-shop products Glass Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills . Leather, tanned, curried, and finished Lime Liquors, malt Loznber and timber products Uarble and stone work Minerals and earths, ground — Paper and wood pulp Pitnting and publismng Slaughtering and meat packing Tin plate and temeplate Woolen and worsted goods . All other itfdustries 529 614 120 287 238 71 391 88 56 2,036 60 141 100 131 787 1,140 329 1,464 1,464 1,938 1,228 3,140 3,483 460 1,659 2,950 512 2,202 1,206 499 316 28 4,124 1,968 2,382 1,811 132 316 68 1,627 Total lor cities. Blueefeld Charleston.. . Fairmont Hdntington... Habtinsbubg.. hoegantown. Modndsville.. Pabkersbueg- Wheeling 323 146 631 128 ■Digijized byWlicrd^om 133 417 107 1,631 2,412 4,672 2,081 3,378 1,170 4,310 111 129 677 376 481 795 656 616 1,"266 1,318 1,265 1,051 2,089 1,170 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1619 Of the 705 establishments in the 10 cities having a. population of 10,000 and over, 51, or 7.2 per cent, em- ployed no wage earners; 320, or 45.4 per cent, em- ployed from 1 to 5 wage earners ; and 22, or 3 per cent, employed more than 250 wage earners. This latter class averaged 562 wage earners per establishment. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18 together with similar per- centages for 1909 with reference to all industries com- bined and to individual industries in the state as a whole. Wage earners in establishments employing an aver- age of 250 or less decreased 7.5 per cent between 1909 and 1914, with a corresponding increase for those in establishments employing more than 250. Among the industries showing increases for the establishments employing more than 250 wage earners are brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products; cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; steel works and rolling mills; lime; lumber and timber products; and tin plate and terneplate. The indus- tries .that show a decrease in this respect are coke; leather, tanned, curried, and finished; paper and wood pulp; and woolen and worsted goods. For the cities 52.8 per cent of the wage earners in 1914 were reported for the establishments employing 251 or more. The cities showing the largest percent- ages in these establishments are Bluefield, Fairmont, Huntington, Martinsburg, Moundsville, and Wheeling. Table 19 INDU3TBT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. PEK CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NXJMBER OF WAGE EAKNEKS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECEPIED NUMBER. INDUSTKY AND CITY. / Cen- sus year. PER CENT ®F TOTAL AVERAGE NIMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABUSHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 600 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 61 to 100 101 to 260 261 to 600 601 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All Industries 1914 1909- 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 4.8 5.1 7.2 8.5 10.0 11.0 11.3 12.7 19.8 23.3 19.9 17.7 16.2 17.4 11.8 4.2 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 19l4 1909 .1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 0.8 7.8 7.8 17.4 38.2 1.2 27.0 25.1 10.9 13.2 22.3 29.9 7.1 31.0 49.2 20.2 10.6 13.6 33.6 31.9 44.3 69.0 11.2 12.0 28.6 21.8 14.0 23.0 54.7 11.7 11.9 26.8 Lumber and timber products... 23.7 28.0 11.3 10.7 14.7 Aitiflcial stone products 20.9 32.9 38.5 54.6 0.1 0.5 15.7 11.8 0.1 0.6 0.4 1.9 2.6 64.3 61.3 8.-4 6.4 0.2 0.2 17.3 20.6 12.9 7.6 47.6 37.3 4.6 8.6 84.3 '58.3 1.0 0.8 2.9 16.6 15.2 2.8 2.4 6.2 27.8 25.2 13.5 26.1 0.3 0.8 49.7 49.8 16.4 59.5 13.9 8.1 11.7 11.2 49.8 10.4 Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Minerals and earths, ground Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. Canning and preserving U.O 16.8 16.4 24.0 30.6 9.8 '29.'i 26.6 16.1 31.3 13.6 9.6 8.2 30.6 28.3 44.5 9.6 0.6 1.4 5.7 63.7 24.3 3.9 4.1 7.9 13.5 18.8 28.4 3.3 3.5 33.0 29.6 1.8 0.9 16.3 13.6 3.4 14.0 20.3 7.3 5.0 24.4 83.5 20.6 27.8 15.1 7.4 Printing and publishing Slaughtering and meat packing. Tin plate and terneplate Woolen and worsted goods All other industries 60.2 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. 13.5 18.9 67.0 17.4 28.2 23.0 18.6 37.2 27.2 32.2 31.1 0.5 3.6 31.0 28.4 23.4 31.7 18.8 62.1 64.7 28.3 58.1 38.8 13.5 11.6 15.4 Coke, not including gas-house coke. Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 3.1 2.8 33.0 6.8 12.2 11.8 10.0 10.6 24.6 33.6 13.4 15.4 9.8 22.9 35.2 39.1 15.7 44.1 44.1 29.0 32.6 1.4 1.0 6.0 6.2 3.6 2.2 13.5 8.0 8.5 8.4 45.1 20.0 18.3 20.0 17.3 28.2 14.4 9 7 Total for cities Foundry and machine-shop products. 9.9 14.9 13.6 14.0 25.8 39.2 42.8 23.6 24.1 18.7 28.7 24.8 10.1 18 4 Bluefield Glass 2.1 11.7 22.8 2.3 2.5 3.1 3.6 1.3 4.7 3.1 9.7 21.4 65.4 10.1 ,4.9 7.3 5.4 6.3 14.2 6.3 3.9 26.7 21.8 8.9 11.2 6.9 4.4 6.0 16.2 8.9 84 3 Charleston 29.9 10.3 Clarksburg 7.9 13.6 8.2 7.0 12.4 20.4 10.4 43.3 Huntington 46 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. 1.3 3.2 36.5 18.3 11.4 "9.'7 46.6 48.3 40.9 76.7 55:2 50.1 ig.'s 41 4 22.6 12.8 19.1 23.0 Martinsburg 74.6 0.7 0.3 0.6 2.5 0.3 2.3 7.8 Morgantown 44.6 41.9 87.4 Parkersburg 23.6 8.1 42.3 17.3 finished. Wheeling 40.4 16.0 Engines and power. — Table 20 presents, for the state as a whole, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904, statistics as to the kind, number, and horsepower of engines and motors, together with the per cent dis- tribution. For 1914 the total primary power reported was 278,504 horsepower, as compared with 217,496 in 1909, the increase being 61,008 horsepower, or 28.1 per cent. Although steam furnishes the bulk of power used, its relative importance diminished between the two censuses. The total horsepower of steam engines and turbines in use in 1914 was 2lQ[^g^h^&'^y, or 77.9 per cent of the primary power, as compared with 184,591 horsepower, or 84.9 per cent of the total, in 1909. This decrease in relative importance is due to the increasing use of rented electric power and of internal-combustion engines, which together repre- sented 20 per cent of the total primary power in 1914, as against 10.2 per cent in 1909. The use of water power shows a marked decline during the same period, the horsepower of water wheels^ turbines, and motors being only a trifle more than half as great in 1914 as in 1909, while the proportion which such power formed , t^tot^SOSdfecreased to a still greater extent. 1620 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. Table 20 NUMBER OF ENGmES OB MOTOES. HOESEPOWlfiK. POWEE. Amount. Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 5,338 4,527 2' 326 278,504 217,496 138,578 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,294 2,369 779 146 2,044 2,044 4,078 3,336 574 168 449 449 2,326 1,864 312 150 m 251,067 216,976 28,537 5,554 27,437 27,152 285 211,913 184,591 18,705 10,617 5,583 5,330 253 137,708 124,735 6,569 6,404 870 776 94 90.1 77.9 10.2 2.0 9.9 9.8 0.1 97.4 84.9 7.7 4.8 2.6 2.5 0.1 99.4 90.0 Intemal-coinbustion engines 4.8 Water whfifilSj t.nrhlTiep, anrt mntnrs 4.6 Rented 0.6 Electric 0.5 Other 0.1 Electric 4,678 2,044 2,634 1,715 449 1,266 311 311 66,676 27, 152 39,524 28,543 5,330 23,213 5,199 776 4,423 100.0 40.7 59.3 100.0 18.7 81.3 100.0 Rented 14.9 85.1 ' Figures for horsepower Include tor 1909 and 1904 the amounts reported vmder the head of "other" owned power. 2 Not reported. The power of motors operated by current generated in the same establishments was equivalent to 14.2 per cent of th© total primary ,power in 1914, as against 10.6 per cent in 1909. The aggregate capacity of the electric motors in use — ^both those run by rented cur- rent and those run by current generated in the same establishments — in 1914 was 66,676 horsepower, equiv- alent to 20.3 per cent of the total primary power re- ported for that year. The use of electric power, both owned and rented, during the five-year period 1909- 1914 increased by 133.6 per cent, while the increase in the total primary power amounted to only 28.1 per cent. The increase in the horsepower of motors oper- ated by current generated in the same establishments was 70.3 per cent, and in the power of motors run by rented current, 409.4 per cent. Practically all indus- tries reported electric power, the most important being steel wcirks and rolling miUs, with 10,573 horsepower; foundry and machine-shop products, with 9,093; and glass, with 5,836. Fuel consumed. — The quantities of the several kinds of fuel consumed in all industries for the state and in several selected industries, as well as for the 10 cities, all industries combined, are given in Table 21 for 1914. Coal, coke, oil, and gas were the only kinds of fuel Covered by the census inquiry. The principal fuel used was gas, and except that reported for industries in the cities of Bluefield and Martinsburg, outside of natural gas, practically all the oil consumed in the state was gasoUne, for internal- combustion engines. There was no anthracite coal used by the manufacturers of the state. Table 21 INDUSIKT AND CITY. All industries.. Bone, carbon, and lamp black Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay prod- ucts Bread and other bakery products Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. . . Coke, not including gas-house coke Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies , Flour-mill and gristmill products. . , , Foundry and machine-shop products Ice, manufactured Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather, tanned, curried, and finished- . . Lime Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products.. Paper and wood pulp Prmting and publishing Salt Slaughtering and meat packing. , Tin plate and temeplate All other industries Total for cities.. Bluefield... Chakleston . . Clarksbueg.. Fairmont Huntington., MAETINSBUEG-- moegantown.. moundsville . . Parkeesbueg. Wheeling Bitumi- nous coal (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 3,627,404 151, 1, 114, 2, 296, 4,819 113 8,257 13,056 28,359 324 016 179 802 325 089 549 217 888 633 706 405, ,40, 47, 18, 123, 50, 25, 8, 11, 250, 314,232 27,915 3,757 585 2,073 21,418 11,702 25,134 13,849 17,622 190, 177 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 208,374 628 628 807 105 6,244 160 16,454 15,348 200 167,800 93,541 1,133 601 153 364 3,883 928 609 1,513 84,357 Oil, in. eluding gasoline (bar- rels). 18,221 345 39 985 508 38 51 642 158 15,426 15, 145 350 1,609 5,656 7,530 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 51,808,846 19,456,506 4,083,775 110,378 1,039,718 431,959 438,640 139,528 470,809 10,606,469 1,132,126 2,803,410 5,174 58,974 133,520 69, 133 1,375,190 76,312 280,000 104, 397 558, 489 8,434,341 8,989,408 174 400,394 184, 174- 2,337,858 1,791,656 705 1,183,751 615,578 1,570,826 904,292 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for five important in- dustries in West Virginia are here presented, together with statistics for power laundries. Steel works and rolling mills. — Table 22 shows the Quantities and values of the chief prodncts.reported for uigitizeaDy M( 1914 in comparison with similar data for 1909 and 1904. The year 1914 covered a period of marked depression and the output of the steel miUs of West Virginia dur- ing that year was 7.5 per cent less in tonnage and 6 per cent less in value of products than in 1909. In the face of this industrial depression, however, there was a large increase in the black-plate product, from 111,152 tons in 1909 to 200,825 tons in 1914, or nearly 90 per cent. Of the total tonnage, black plate constituted 35.5 er cent ift 1514, compared with 18.2 per cent in 1909. crosoft® MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. 1621 Table 22 1914 1909 1904 Total value $21,185,559 $22,435,411 $13,454,802 Rolled, forged, and other classified products: Tonsi 566,252 $19,610,616 100,277 $4,305,709 200,825 $8,803,540 114,020 $3,013,905 151,130 $3,487,362 $1,483,988 $91,055 609,022 $20,069,576 98,322 $4,349,096 111,152 $4,887,291 201,794 $6,060,225 197,754 $4,772,964 $2,209,563 $156,272 384,932 $11,243,473 34,036 $2,052,449 42 803 Value Plates and sheets, not including nail and tack plates: Tons' Value Black plates for tinning: Tons ■ Value $2, 098; 954 192,644 $5,108,286 49,948 $1,983,784 $2,208,329 $3,000 Skelp: Tons' Value All other: Tons' Value Miscellaneous iron and steel products to rolling-mill products by further All other products, value ' Of 2,000 pounds. Tin plate and terneplate. — The tin plate and teme- plate industry is closely allied to the rolling mills, and, in fact, most of the tin and teme dipping plants are departments of black-plate rolling mills and are oper- ated in conjunction therewith. This is one of the leading industries of the state, ranking third in value of products. West Virginia ranks second among the states in combined production of tin plate and terne- plate, being led in this respect by Pennsylvania only; and ranks first in output of terneplate alone, with 85 per cent of the total for the United States. Table 23 gives comparative statistics for 1914 and 1909. Table 23 1914 1909 MATESUJLS. Totalcost $11,866,637 $7, 36!', 266 Black plates or sheets: Founds 420,367,239 $7,855,440 5,831,235 $2,295,177 1,107,986 $46,196 5.252,717 $621,605 $1,048,219 $15,130,551 254,685,445 $5,039,683 4,663,663 $1,370,502 935,148 $40,248 2,328,903 $259 225 Cost Pig tin: Poutt'.s Cost Pig lead: Cost Teme mixture purchased: Pounds Cost ■. $657,608 $9,257,524 ' PBODUCTS. Tin plate and terneplate: 417,861,666 $14,758,408 303,561,325 $10,530,194 114,300,341 $4,228,214 $372,143 150 787,688 257,807,156 $8,922,099 189,239,233 $6,360,880 68,567,923 $2,561,219 $335,425 99 Value Tin plate: Poiin^'f? Value Terneplate: Value :... . EQXnPMENT. Tin-plate and terneplate dipping sets at end of year : Daily capacity, single turn, poun^ 471,931 Grlass. — Table 24 shows, for the census years 1914, 1909, and 1904, the values of the several products of this industry. In 1914 the value of building glass manufactured amoimted to $4,410,710", showing an increase in annual production of 233.1 per cent in 10 yeans^.vJEh pressed and blown glass increased l3y*per cei of bottles and jars, 527.5 per cent, during the same period. In 1914 West Virginia produced more than one-half of the jelly glasses, timablers, and goblets, and about 40 per cent of the stem ware made in the United States. Table 24 1914 1909 1904 Total value $14,631,171 $7,779,483 $4,598,563 Building glass 4,410,710 6,263,554 3,777,445 179,462 2,751,133 4,306,528 646,521 75,301 1,323,896 Pressed and blown glass 2,620,665 602,002 All other products 52,000 The equipment in use during 1914 included 32 fur- naces, with a total' capacity of 341 pots; 54 continuous tanks, with a capacity of 615 rings; 12 intermittent tanks, with a capacity of 95 tons; and 44 machines. In addition, there were 2 furnaces, 4 continuous tanks, and 4 intermittent or day tanks which were idle. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — Table 25 shows, for the tanning, currying, and finishing of leather, the quantities and values of the various grades produced in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 25 1914 1909 1904 Total value $11,014,540 $12,450,592 $6,061,509 Sole leather: Sides 1,426,584 $9,035,266 $1,647,185 $5)677 $326,412 1,933,037 $10,276,164 $1,617,354 $4,356 $552,718 1,262,538 $5,270,646 $713,191 $21,188 $56,585 Value Harness, belting, and rough leather, value All other products, including amount re- ceived for work done for others, value. Sole leather, the leading product of this industry in West Virginia, represented 82 per cent of the value of all products of the industry in the state in 1914, 82.5 per cent in 1909, and 87 per cent in 1904. Union and oak sole leather were the only kinds produced, and the former exceeded the latter in both quantity and value. The number of sides tanned, in 1914, shows a decrease as compared with the 1909 figures, but an increase over the 1904 product. The kinds of sole leather produced are not shown separately, since to do so would disclose the operations of individual estab- Ushments. Harness, belting, and rough leather, the production of which has more than doubled since 1904, are not shown separately for the same reason. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — ^Table 26 gives the quantities and values of the products of this indus- try for the three census years 1914, 1909, and 1904. Wheat flour contributed 38.7 per cent of the total value of products of this industry in 1914 and 47 per cent in 1909. During the five-year period the produc- tion of wheat flour decreased in quantity 17.8 per cent; buckwheat flour, 18.1 per cent; com meal and corn flour, 26.6 per cent. The equipment of the mills of the state in 1914 in- cluded 667 stands of rolls, 223 runs of stone, and 107 ^aMn.pxm^m^. Four establishments manufactured- 1622 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. Table 26 1914 1909 1901 Total value $7,052,814 $7,695,801 $6,200,291 Wheat flour: 520,949 $2,732,789 3,680,671 $113,953 233,582 $775,034 20,111 $570,897 82,677 $2,392,851 $467,290 634,132 $3,615,913 4,497,690 $120,061 318,293 $986,375 101,533 $2,931,742 $41,710 626,670 $3,390,156 2,213,610 $61,138 339,872 $841,827 Value Buckwheat flour: Value Com meal and corn flour: Barrels Value.; Bran and middlings: Tons Value Feed and oflal: . $1,870,150 Value All other products, value . . $37,020 Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries were first presented at the census of 1909. These statistics, how- ever, are not included in the general tables nor in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 27 summarizes the power-laundry statistics for West Virginia for 1914 and 1909. Table 27 Number of establishments Persons engaged in the industry Proprietors and firm members.. . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Cost of materials (including fuel and rented power) Amount received for work done POWEB LAUNDRIES. Number or amount. 19U 44 929 35 67 827 1,305 $689,640 $419, 718 $61,417 $358,301 $135,119 $785,782 1908 43 793 41 73 679 1,048 $415,216 $297,741 $54, 819 $242,922 $102,057 $581,865 Per cent of in- crease,^ 1909- 1914. 21.8 24.5 66.1 41.0 12.0 47.5 32.4 35.0 I Percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. In 1914 West Virginia ranked thirty-seventh among the states in amount received for work done and thirty- sixth in average number of persons engaged in the industry; in 1909 the rank was thirty-fifth for each of these items. The foregoing summary shows increases during the five-year period in all items except number of proprie- tors and firm members and number of salaried em- ployees. Of the 44 laundries shown for the state in 1914, 23 were located in the 10 cities having a popiilation of 10,000 and over— 4 in Huntington, 3 each in Charles- ton, Clarksburg, Fairmont, Parkersburg, and Wheel- ing, and 1 each in Bluefield, Martinsburg, Morgan- town, and Moundsville. These estabhshments repre- sented 66.4 per cent of the capital invested and received 77.4 per cent of the total amount paid for work done in 1914. Table 28 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laimdries on the 15th day of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number forms of the great- est nimiber employed in any month of the same year. It will be noted that ia the monthly employment of wage earners there was a greater variation in 1914 than in 1909. Table 28 January.., February. March April May June July August... September October... November, December. WAGE EAENEE3. Number. 1914 730 741 755 771 871 876 878 1909 633 644 644 654 684 696 713 708 712 689 677 694 Per cent of masimum. 1914 83.1 84.4 86.0 87.8 96.4 97.8 99.2 99.8 100.0 98.3 99.0 99.1 1909 88.8 90.3 91.3 91.7 95.9 97.6 100.0 99.3 99.9 96.6 95.0 97.3 Table 29 shows the kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with per cent of increase for the five-year period. Table 29 NXJMBER OF HOESEPOWER. KIND. MOTOKS. Amount. Per cent of in- crease, 1909- 1914. 1914 1909 1914 1909 63 52 1,305 1,048 24 5 46 35 11 17 41 33 8 11 1,227 1,022 205 178 832 732 150 146 Steatn 39 6 Rented, electric 21 9 .' Electric power generated by establish- ment reporting 4 28 Table 30 shows the kinds and amounts of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 1909, with the percentages of increase. Table 30 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease, 190»- 1914. Tons (2,000 lbs.).... 1,000 cubic feet 4,429 179,868 3,369 145,681 31.5 23.5 Gas GENERAL TABLES. Table 31 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of estabhshments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state; . and for the cities having more than 10,000 inhabit- ants, similar data for all industries ^'^PJHfj^^-QCJ b V Table 32 presents, for 1914, statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown with- out disclosing the operations of individual establish- ments and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having more than 'fitants. MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. Table 31 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. 162g INDUSTRY AND OTT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of Ush- ments. Wage (aver- age num- ber). Pri- ' mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Usb- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDtlSTEIES. All industries.. Artificial stone produotsy: Bone, carbon, and lamp black. ' Bread and other bakery products. Brick, tile, pottery, and ; other clay products. Canning and preserving. . Cars and general ^hop con- struction and repairsby steam-railroad compa- nies. Clothing, men's Coke, not including gas- house coke. Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. Eoundry and machine- shop products. Furniture Olass Ice, manufactured r "~ Bluefield - Charleston Clabesbubq fairmont huntbiqton 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 11904 1914 1909 1904 2,749 2,586 2,109 71,078 63,S93 43,758 278,504 217,496 138,678 $43,784 33,000 21,153 $110,033 92,878 54,419 $193,512 161,950 99,041 31 20 263 79 460 132 150 39 198 65 448 164 18 16 10 161 101 60 1,016 641 310 106 66 34 387 249 52 861 696 274 1914 1909 1904 138 151 111 569 346 263 824 411 198 346 188 127 1,327 869 627 2,306 1,470 912 1914 1909 1904 55 50 54 4,790 2,916 ■ 2,033 8,925 6,657 5,421 3,235 1,639 964 2,222 1,061 666 6,798 3,629 2,166 1914 1909 1904 >29 30 19 216 271 327 552 484 424 44 68 84 264 430 387 351 605 764 1914 1909 1904 37 24 24 8,437 5,652 4,255 6,060 5,394 2,469 6,540 3,170 2,114 4,985 3,063 1,809 10,990 6,733 4,120 1914 1909 1904 7 9 9 491 403 314 118 210 98 219 126 76 1,436 1,055 578 2,173 1,469 855 1914 1909 1904 54 71 74 1,392 4,426 ■2,533 2,920 5,307 3,S07 692 1,664 1,004 1,893 5,012 2,647 2,978 7,663 4,174 1914 1909 1904 13 10 10 82 82 98 63 38 38 29 33 33 164 147 117 292 244 226 1914 1909 1904 8 24 19 11 1,575 916 375 1,765 973 150 784 383 142 3,210 1,354 490 4,732 2,161 771 1914 1909 1904 4 5 162 137 1,369 1,115 75 77 184 135 566 398 1914 1909 1901 229 207 194 38J 452 400 •9,996 9,950 8,339 218 210 183 5,928 6,601 5,213 7,053 7,696 6,200 1914 1909 1904 U18 83 76 1,908 ' 1,364 1,278 8,784 3,539 2,892 1,294 820 721 2,670 1,760 1,413 5,080 3,392 2,863 1914 1909 1904 22 25 19 560 578 508 1,628 1,469 971 302 263 197 649 384 264 1,278 966 648 1914 1909 1904 63 51 39 8,889 6,190 3,673 14,120 5,233 2,346 5,673 3,628 2,054 4,638 2,296 1,259 14,631 7,779 4,599 1914 1909 1904 47 35 30 364 233 176 8,380 6,654 2,764 200 113 94 186 111 61 766 476 353 Iron and steel,steel works and rolling mills. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime. Liquors, malt- Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Ifarble and stone work. Mattresses and spring beds Mineral and soda waters Minerals and earths, ground. Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing. . Saddlery and harness Slaughtering and meat packing. Tin plate and temeplate. . Wood, turned and carved . Woolen andworstedgoods. AH other industries. . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10 13 5 6 10 13 10 »995 1,016 766 27 29 13 8 9, 7 '242 236 222 17 8 13 812 390 317 277 5,348 6,060 4,409 1,072 1,571 946 773 514 120 244 416 331 17,417 18,643 11,619 224 144 65 108 72 68 148 104 92 422 58 1,033 1,162 645 1,218 1,255 944 127 127 214 167 133 1,475 1,336 198 134 173 276 599 290 10,541 8,397 7,644 63,002 46, 608 34,260 4,887 5,305 2,973 4,026 1,000 10 3,807 6,110 2,438 68,045 62,356 37,685 734 469 167 299 263 - 125 370 186 4,157 795 11,735 iiiie5 4,675 1,886 1,660 1,196 147 120 44 1,567 1,321 635 1,421 1,396 672 1,327 726 44,259 30,301 22,858 $4, 826 3,887 2,813 616 775 434 378 188 62 185 298 227 9,703 8,632 5,390 132 87 31 57 39 25 203 46 606 478 721 634 480 71 53 34, 140 123 74 1,182 887 75 67 64 118 222 106 5,883 4,069 3,324 $14,668 15,896 8,742 10,383 4,769 434 224 392 619 481 8,676 199 134 62 222 154 95 161 43 1,735 1,683 760 541 361 293 277 235 4,447 3,385 1,668 11,867 7,367 317 164 231 417 795 218 25,395 17, 870 15, 130 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED: 1914. 1914 1909 1914 1909 •1904 1914 1914 1914 1909 1904 63 54 43 50 102 67 44 1,247 670 1,081 951 887 316 1,837 4,641 3,156 2,229 1,984 1,648 4,574 4,106 1,414 5,594 8,951 812 377 637 469 403 213 1,149 2,996 1,681 1,033 1,078 2,172 2,137 1,010 1,608 6,777 3,382 2,676 2,173 1,465 3,699 3,236 2,100 1,654 4,384 11,400 6,511 4,407 MARTINSBUEQ. MOKQANTOWN. MOUNDSVILLE. FABEEBSBXniO Wheeling 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 81904 201 176 195 1,568 1,420 1,470 1,608 1,820 1,495 1,444 7,920 7,809 7,127 1,908 1,598 4,137 1,897 5,939 4,031 35, 963 602 520 930 707 ,061 767 > Figures can not be shown without disclosing individual operations. ' Includes "canning and preserving, vegetables and dried fruits," and "pickles, preserves, and sauces." ■ Includes "stamped and enameled ware" and "tinware, not elsewhere specified." • Includes "automobile repairing;" "plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified;" and "structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." • Statistics lor 6 months' operation. • Includes "boxes, wooden packing," and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills." ' Includes "bookbinding and blank-book making;" "engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing;" and "lithographing." B Excludes statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. » Excludes statistics tor two establishments, to |.voi44iPi'ii(»'5ur9 rfin.,JJYi Owned power only. 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. s No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANITFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1625 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. OfScials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Bent of fectory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.' Water wheels and mo- tors.' Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. t4,112,586 13,481.171 $43,784,006 12,257,677 J344, 725 $2,607,707 $102,827,^1 $7,205,384 $193,511,782 $83,478,617 278,504 216,976 28,822 5,654 27,152 ' 39,624 28,660 11,911 1,050 56,681 8,521 14,042 32.812 117,709 83,945 7,250 26,514 540 2,660 12,536 12,536 9,080 128,102 13,694 56,806 16,340 1,000 61,673 22.745 .9,750 12.995 15,405 10,485 4,920 25,070 23,060 20,696 17,469 51,842 181,529 14,650 13,059 153,820 39,960 6,100 544,605 2,760 52,388 315,026 65,329 19,671 _ 70, 771 597,884 123,345 13,121 12,635 17,395 40,189 6,864 75,354 28,520 46,834 26,179 6,^30 155,303 102,511 52,792 13, 153 2,738 370 8,767 5,417 5,923 33,937 55,982 39,815 2,366 13,801 150 10,814 10,814 1,590 299,294 8,400 36,550 11,532 620 32,591 42,114 21,000 21,114 3,851 2,033 1,818 10,183 1,208 29,443 17,085 43,525 173,935 12,772 3,630 157,633 44,583 10,089 278,511 606 22,725 342,681 '24,477 24,393 33,983 404,402 61,960 9,411 7,710 12,774 16,954 3,386 64,411 25,947 28,464 7,020 6,385 116,111 92,735 23,376 149, 620 64,477 3,016 105,573 24,608 346,242 1,088,302 961,585 31,331 96,386 2,764 27,788 139,026 124,780 14,246 99,708 5,539,763 33,208 219,244 55,721 3,100 691,758 117,827 29,249 88,578 121, 298 89,153 32, 146 133,864 40, 241 75,100 48,829 217,891 1,152,391 93,882 87,017 971,492 302, 180 20,929 6,672,672 9,727 199,789 4,825,980 614,752 377,812 184,889 8,936,002 132,193 67,065 81,638 202,899 14, 161 506,133 208,605 297,528 230,286 16,235 2,146,677 1,531,135 615.542 1,811 1,000 1,320 'i,'326' * Same number reported for one or more months. 3,230 360 205 6,300 5,235 2,178 2,178 196 160 200 200 1,901 186,843 77,000 957 501 456 2,377 1,540 837 385 947 675 50 26,460 2,705 61 1,353 1,786,645 19,660 298 2,130 10,389 635 6,239 1,260 1,390 24,518 7,008 7,008 1,234 9,884 9,734 150 45 35,970 2,396 800 21,210 9,410 11,800 1,486 978 508 3,304 100 2,467 959 8,367 8,935 333 94 8,648 2,186 9,823 650 1,009 35,606 9,278 1,839 3,078 8,646 1,762 540 2,285 645 5 9,463 1,072 930 8,102 15,562 12,676 778 2,108 101 379 2,582 2,362 220 1,159 18,649 8,015 4,203 1,212 126 23,784 2,469 694 1,875 3,678 2,363 1,315 2,059 819 5,413 2,967 24,333 26,632 2,184 2,421 21,927 6,430 -2,304 86,636 253 17,566 75,741 62,650 6,023 188, 144 266, 140 22,869 1,713 951 3,267 5,998 787 27,997 15,409 12,588 7,170 984 19,292 13,627 5,766 188,455 179, 210 9,245' 65,805 4,778,787 188.533 1,429,999 595,265 59, 460 92,015 569, 122 161,765 407,357 438,378 332,206 106, 172 985,128 309,936 167,870 304,097 5,876,821 2,327,872 239, 165 71,972 2,016,735 638,574 8,723 3,918,023 33,014 84,429 13,834,625 8,624,630 212,318 349,395 6,084,634 2,982,853 193,363 219,704 222,981 101,592 57,877 1,546,450 823,295 723,155 106,692 127,908 1,349.315 809,884 539,431 14,756 4,059 74 186,127 1,838 2,269 41, 699 337,380 302,963 7,834 26,583 138 3,527 7,274 6,195 1,079 1,770 206,465 12, 190 4,873 3,271 486 1,801,401 15,064 2,141 12.923 2,413 1,235 1,178 8,617 16,192 6,542 51,607 130,037 6,001 9,886 114,151 10,526 40,495 720, 118 1,559 100,532 823,743 70,284 221,528 42,443 183,535 24,659 5,554 1.981 7,164 59,580 2,644 188,340 92,804 95,536 32,574 1,962 310,078 250,045 60,033 448,251 234,924 16,420 851,332 475,702 192,986 2,305,438 1,976,816 1,568,477 109,049 299,290 47,685 185,063 474,024 434,851 39, 173 183,259 10,990,193 482,949 2,172,955 867,425 70,806 2,977,526 984,015 291,693 692,422 644,423 478,660 165,763 1,253,695 363,026 566,368 461,173 7,052,814 4,598,487 424, 717 217,301 3,956,469 1,278,174 107,936 14,631,171 51, 123 755,922 21,186,669 11,014,540 980,317 1,378,080 23,857,793 4,660,746 487,541 364,934 543,501 662,928 111, 440 2,804,429 1,388,424 1,416,005 571,410 166,430 4,821,302 3,266,441 1,554,861 249,950 144,624 7,795 464,478 168,981 89,967 978,283 1,414,264 1,110,901 78,335 225,028 12,702 51,202 278,295 249,446 28,849 115,684 6,004,941 282,226 738,083 268,899 10,860 1,084,110 399,829 127,687 272,142 203,632 145,219 58,413 264,474 44,473 382,306 150,634 1,124,386 2,140,578 179,551 135,444 1,825,583 629,074 68, 718 9,993,030 16, 650 570,961 6,527,191 2,319,626 546,471 986,242 17,589,624 1,663,233 288,624 143,249 313,366 401,756 50,919 1,069,639 472,325 597,314 433,144 36,560 3,161,909 2,206,512 955,397 460 206 2 1,016 955 125 824 7,245 6,215 455 575 601 551 60 150 116 64 24 2,920 1,105 63 1,042 651 461 200 206 581 864 9,996 8,048 397 310 7,341 1,628 167 14,120 11 8,380 63,002 4,887 4,026 3,807 59,819 7,271 734 299 4,157 195 11,735 5,835 5,900 2,594 170 1,680 1,135 545 110. 662 120 134 5,770 5,085 150 535 51 296 186 186 4,565 100 2,640 102 8 94 454 369 95 3 565 375 864 4,793 1,149 144 1,005 1,332 97 3,696 7,753 61,690 4,489 781 3,684 59,172 5,757 1,680 150 7,650 2,635 4,915 1,673 170 945 645 300 406 74 906 165 222 923 583 306 35 58 274 241 33 428 31 397 130 50 80 2,490 2,326 217 102 2,007 136 40 8,867 10 532 685 355 1,064 256 210 127 40 660 650 16 228 133 95 76 1,970 107 15 3,250 3,200 50 53 5 468 552 547 125 108 17 440 50 116 39 3 280 575 24 551 67 42 25 37 16 184 743 4,573 180 64 4,329 159 30 1,658 1 95 727 3,157 123 185 450 13 89 70 2,477 5 285 286 905 502 362 150 20 2,639 946 75 1,088 470 116 4,520 55 .4,465 70 4,178 9,846 75 460 852 489 123 2,340 20 2,320 10 ' None reported for one or more other months. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ' Same number reported throughout the year. 1626 MANUFACTURES— WEST VIRGINIA. Table 32.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUSTRIES, mDUSTKT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEES0N3 ENGAGED IN THE IHDU3TEY. •WAGE EAKNEE3 DEC. IB, OK NEAR- EST BEPEESENTAirVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, sup- erln- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe. male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 1 2 Printing and publishing, job work only Prmtuig and publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Prmting and publishing '. 58 181 10 156 15 17 3 4 7 3 4 8 9 7 8 199 456 1,295 258 1,019 18 171 132 132 281 61 39 1,612 18 224 303 11,201 56 170 . 10 150 10 20 1 4 2 10 2 6 141 29 81 12 65 4 6 6 4 23 5 6 20 2 8 12 235 19 158 77 80 1 15 8 5 39 2 3 102 10 40 9 28 3 3 3 15 342 846 150 6% De 355 Ap 331 358 911 150 761 259 691 144 547 92 179 6 173 4 41 3 $667,448 2,013,232 266,948 1,740,947 5,337 528,158 167,915 187,429 1,374,157 78,163 126,769 5,199,091 66,200 402,139 691,484 31,803,!t90 3 i 6 s; 150 728 De Au 150 673 Printing, puDlishing, and job printing. Publishing without printing Radiltflry and harnAss 41 127 117 119 214 54 28" 1,475 6 198 276 10,107 Je No Ap De Ja Oc Se Oc Mh 00 133 126 153 220 1,637 20 224 374 No Ja Oc Se u No Ja3 De Au 119 107 86 210 48 24 1,121 1 152 235 135 126 126 218 52 28 1,540 16 162 402 126 126 126 211 52 24 1,393 16 162 264 9 Salt..... 8 Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building. Slaughtering and meat packing Stoves and ranges 9 7 10 11 Stoves, gas and oil *. , . 4 147 1? 13 14 "Wood, turned and carved 11 5 554 5 4 164 15 Woolen and worsted goods 134 4 Ifi All other industries * ''""\ CJTIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED.- 10 BlUEFIELD Chableston.. Claeksbueg.. Faiemont Hitotington.. Maetinsbueg. mobqantown. Moundsville. Paekeesbueg Wheeling 24 1,337 9 15 61 8 1,247 89 1,333 61 79 96 16 1,081 43 422 26 30 39 11 316 50 2,048 29 75 87 20 1,837 102 5,079 64 139 188 47 4,641 37 1,709 32 37 54 18 1,568 49 1,600 36 50 37 7 1,470 27 1,692 22 57 67 38 1,508 83 2,179 74 83 160 42 1,820 201 9,098 142 262 601 173 7,920 Oc Je Au Se Ja 1,400 1,163 372 2,081 5,005 1,664 1,607 1,720 2,034 8,666 1,143 1,000 276 1,511 4,172 Fe 1,444 Jy 937 Ja 968 De 1,578 No 6,376 1,267 1,209 366 2,289 4,789 1,625 1,573 1,438 1,768 8,067 1,258 1,058 345 2,082 4,639 1,351 1,136 1,405 6,547 4 140 21 202 243 777 184 282 354 1,419 11,129,602 3,226,595 948,306 5,276,426 7,843,648 2,629,707 2,306,383 2,530,369 5,741,036 26,857,896 * All other industries embrace — Agricultural implements 1 Artificial limbs 1 Baskets, and rattan and willow ware 1 Blacking, stains, and dressings 1 Bluing. 1 Bookbinding and blank-book making 1 Boots and shoes 2 Boxes, cigar. 1 Boxes and cartons, paper 2 Brooms, from broom com.. 5 Butter, reworldng 1 1 Owned power only. Buttons ; 2 Carpets, rag 1 Carriage and wagon materials 2 CarS; steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies 1 Cement 1 Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods 1 Cutlery and edge tools 2 Dairymen's and apiarists' supplies 1 Druggists' preparations 2 Dyemg and finishing textiles 1 Electroplating 1 Engravmg and diesinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, including plate printing 1 Fertilizers 1 Fire extinguishers 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Galvanizmg 2 Hand stamps 1 Hats, fur-felt ■.. 1 Hosiery and knit goods 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANTJFACTUEES— WEST VIRGINIA. AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1627 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Eent of lactory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! Inter- nal- com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $38,631 94,596 19,285 72,581 2,730 9,000 11,291 7,009 33,438 3,^51 7,850 82,432 1,800 10,424 15,895 674,247 $25,702 124,009 42.480 79,549 1,980 15,820 4,830 3,921 30,612 1,000 3,720 142,855 $211,904 491,582 80,094 411,488 $1,578 40,808 22,833 4,527 13,448 $16,679 41,632 6,480 -35,680 472 6,772 $5,877 13,828 3,525 10,286 17 2,248 1,240 736 7,993 764 773 22,166 309 1,685 5,163 1,586,666 $177,325 426,820 95.943 329,406 1,471 291,668 57,148 80,261 4,426,609 23,228 57,952 11,818,650 22,175 314,040 406,800 23,091,068 $9,825 21,497 4,061 17,446 $647,115 1,729,075 398,989 1,302,123 27,963 565,666 168,591 160,898 4,787,660 91,038 87,167 15,130,551 38,640 449,541 679,401 37,774,609 $459,965 1,280,758 298,995 965,271 26,492 262,214 74,922 79,885 340,764 66, 124 28,332 3,263,914 15,654- 132,106 262,692 13,346,845 520 1,316 295 1,020 15 78 75 3 129 607 6 601 '"'"33' '"'33' 376 597 214 383 ""iee" 52 114 1 2 3 4 5 70,895 51,105 56,690 139,554 38,438 16,474 1,181,983 . 2,453 74,874 118,309 5,530,351 1,784 36,521 762 20,287 2,686 883 47,987 811 3,395 9,909 1,336,696 147 515 138 1,657 115 60 1,421 153 1,395 672 38,206 125 515 138 1,080 85 10 1,271 105 1,295 605 27,483 3 19 40 96 6 7 8 3,800 150 2,375 437 10 50 150 48 75 42 4,180 40 20 162 9 10 IJ 866 12 13 6,430 783,643 1,279 2,732 85,030 25 20 35 "'ios' 6,508 50 "8,'694' 14 l.ii 45,129 16 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $24,664 115,428 35,505 167,528 262,224 £7,926 108,900 115, 139 159,896 586,110 $67, 189 83,160 41,907 95,839 222,288 69)478 28,601 105,272 146,404 731,978 $811,999 $775 $1,708 637,203 8,762 25,699 212,671 2,923 18,148 1,149,432 676 13,870 2,995,699 5,571 27,915 601,738 2,541 6,066 930,032 7,691 10,874 , 706,988 316,127 2,344 1,060,676 17,325 48,699 5,109,757 69,839 74,699 $17,319 31,433 22,802 90,796 72,333 15, 108 17,851 69,866 1,261,890 $1,036,446 2,121,589 988,022 1,466,199 6,621,932 1,654,988 691,363 1,988,094 4,579,459 15,239,854. $41,918 50,267 21,953 142,072 156,167 53,606 ■162,313 -107,373 165,662 733,668 $2,173,008 3,699,447 1,663,859 4,383,674 11,400,468 3,021,938 2,337,990 3,628,793 7,142,990 27,878,933 $1,094,644 1,527,591 643,884 2,775,403 4,623,369 1,313,344 1,684,314 1,533,326 2,397,869 11,906,411 1,984 1,643 341 895 4,574 3,393 349 36 797 540 1,414 735 381 26 273 10 5,594 1,548 3,549 497 1,842 8,951 7,036 717 1,198 2,316 1,908 580 66 15 1,257 4,137 2,020 441 1,676 300 1,897 676 1,245 76 176 5,939 3,904 1,799 236 607 35,963 29,483 3,911 6 2,564 8,336 s Includes rented power other than electric. * All other industries embrace— Continued. Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, wrought pipe Lamps and reflectors -^ Liquors, distilled whisky - Lithographing Looking-glasses and picture frames Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Oil, not elsewhere specified Paper goods, not elsewhere specified Patent medicines and compounds Petroleum, refining Photo^ngra-ying ' Same number reported for one or more other months. Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified 1 Refrigerators ., 1 Sausage .• 1 Shipbuilding, iron and steel 1 Shirts 1 Signs and advertising novelties 3 Silk goods, throwsters 1 Smelting and refining, zinc 2 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Stamped and enameled ware 3 Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 1 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 3 Tobacco manufactures 92 Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 Upholstering material, excelsior '.'. 1 Wall plaster 2 Window shades and fixtures 1 Wirework 1 Wood distillation 1 Wood preserving 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere specified '. 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® I WISCONSIN. By Geoegb W. Fixller. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Wisconain was ad- mitted to the Union, as a state in 1846. With a gross area of 56,066 square nules, of which 55,256 represent land surface, it ranks twenty-fifth in size among the states. Its inhabitants in 1900 numbered 2,069,042, and in 1910, 2^333,860 j and its estimated population in 1914 was 2,447,000. In total population Wisconsin ranked thirteenth among the states in 1910, and in density of population it ranked twenty-second, with 42.2 inhabitants per square nule, the corresponding figure for 1900 beii^ 37.4. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popu- lation residing ia incorporated places of 2,500 or more — ■vras 1,004,320, or 43 per cent of the total, as against 38.2 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914, 18 cities, each with an estimated population of more than 10,000. (See Table 12.) These cities, whose aggre- gate popiilation in that year formed 34.1 per cent of the estimated population of Wisconsia, reported 60.7 per cent of the state's manufactured products. The steam-raUway mileage itt 1914 was 7,611, and the electric-railway mileage in 1912 was 768. On the northern and eastern borders of the state are many harbors which afford excellent facUities for coastwise and foreign traflB.c. The total value of aU farm crops grown ia Wisconsin in 1909 w;as $148,359,216, and of cereal crops alone, $73,141,919. The value of dairy products made on farms during the same year amoimted to $53,868,028 and of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms, $49,804,636. Wisconsin ranked sixteenth among the states in that year in total value of farm crops, second in value of dairy products made on farms, and twelfth in value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms. Importance and growth of manufactures. — ^Table 1 sum- marizes the more important data relative to all classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives percentages of increase from census to census. Table 1 Number of establislmients Persons engaged Proprietors and flrm members . . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Satuies and wages Wages Paid for contract work Kent and taxes (including internal revenue) Cost of materials Value of products Value added by manufacture (value of products less cost of materials) MANTJFACTUKINe INDUSTRIES. 1914 9,104 230,273 7,425 28,538 194, 310 682,339 $754,287,116 149,762,032 37,568,869 112,193,163 3,453,920 17,343,039 417,416,074 695,172,002 277,756,928 1909 9,721 213,426 8,556 22,287 182,583 554,179 t605,657,324 119,641,684 25,736,876 93,904,808 2,624,700 12,832,391 346,356,583 590,305,538 243,948,955 1904 8,658 173, 572 7,961 14,220 151, 391 440,234 8412,647,051 86,970,037 15,498,232 71,471,805 2,900,171 2 3,551,913 227,255,092 411,139,681 183,884,589 1899 r{ 7,841 10,480 137,525 364,380 $286,060,566 66,188,378 10,492,662 55,695,816 185,695,393 326,762,878 141,057,485 PEE CENT OF INCBEASE.' 1909-1914 1904r-1909 1899-1901 -6.3 7.9 -13.2 28.0 6.4 23.1 24.5 26.2 46.0 19.5 31.6 35.2 20.5 17.8 13.9 13.6 23.0 7.5 56.7 20.6 25.9 46.8 37.6 66.1 31.4 -9.5 52.4 43.6 32.7 9.1 35.7 10.1 20.8 44.3 31.4 47.7 28.3 22.4 26.8 30.4 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. 2 Figures not avilable. ' Exclusive of internal revenue. There was a decrease ia the number of estabhsh- ments and proprietors and firm members during the period from 1909 to 1914. With this exception, there -was a substantial increase in the manufactures of the state during the 15 years covered by Table 1. The decrease in the number of establishments is due pri- marily to the decrease in the number of lumber and flour mills (see Table 36) . It is evident that a number of the small lumber mills discontinued operations during the period between the censuses, and as the majority of such mills were operated by individuals or firms there was a decrease in the number of proprietors and firm members. The decrease in this class is also Digitized by due in part to the fact that some establishments operated by individuals or firms in 1909 were incor- porated during the period between the censuses, and the proprietors or firm members reported as salaried officials at the census of 1914. In 1914 the state had 9,104 manufacturing establishments, which gave em- ployment to an average of 230,273 persons during the year and paid out $149,762,032 in salaries and wages. Of the persons employed, 194,310 were wage earners. These estabhshments turned out products to the value of $695,172,002, to produce which, materials costing $417,415,074 were used. The value added by (1629) IVIicrosoft® 1630 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. manufacture was $277,756,928, which figure, as ex- plamed in the "Explanation of terms," best represents the net wealth created by manufacturing operations during the year. Table 2 shows the relative importance and growth of the leading manufactm-ing industries in 1914, and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Table 2 All industries. , Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Foundry and machine-shop products . Lumber and timber products Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished ».... Liquors, malt Slaughtering and meat packing — Paper and wood pulp Flour-mill and gristmill products . . Furniture and refrigerators Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including findings. . Malt Printing and publishing , Hosiery and knit goods Oars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Clothing, men's, including shirts Bread and other bakery products Carriages ai)d wagons and materials Rubber goods Canning and preserving Tobacco manufactures Confectionery Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Brass, bronze, and copper products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Iieather goods Oas, illuminating and heating Food preparations Iron and steel, blast furnaces . Gloves and mittens, leather... Marble and stone work. . .-. . . CENSUS OF 1914. Num- ber of Ush- ments. Average number, 9,104 Boxes, fancy and paper.. Millinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Dairymen's, poutrymen's, and apia- rists' supplies Clothing, horse Paint Lime Patent medicines and compounds, and druggists' preparations Wirework, including wire rope and Shipbuilding, including boat build- ing Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products , Cooperage and wooden goods, not elsewhere specifled Paving materials , Mattresses and spring beds Mats and mattings, from cocoa fiber and grass Upholstering materials Clothing, women's Coffins, burial cases, and under- takers' goods Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing Paper goods, notelsewhere specified. Artificial stone products Fur goods , Cleansing and polishing preparations Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies 2,431 494 635 27 132 46 58 252 114 46 43 65 25 829 68 35 111 59 704 185 5 112 756 55 29 111 47 30 5 24 117 11 18 10 176 7 130 Wage earners. 194,310 16 3,717 26,521 32,282 5,869 5,414 2,236 8,968 1,116 11,792 3,143 4,889 5,814 637 5,653 6,244 9,011 3,372 3,584 2,197 2,638 1,637 2,687 2,485 2,242 2,029 1,122 2,115 1,490 1,240 478 482 1,711 1,390 272 1,319 656 375 345 557 192 828 278 327 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 S695, 172, 002 638 872 384 455 521 356 70 188 404 225 103 1.9 13.6 16.6 3.0 2.8 1.2 4.6 0.6 6.1 1.6 2.5 3.0 0.3 2.9 3.2 4.6 1.7 1.8 1.2 1.4 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.6 LI 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 ^Si 0.2 0.1 0.1 Value of products. Amount. Per cent . dis- tribu- tion. 1 Percentages axe based on figures in Table can not be given. 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. 401 0.2 36: a minus sii 72,858,592 60,698,391 55,362,511 42,204,202 40,884,284 34,697,955 31,205,395 28,697,413 22,586,531 20,119,058 18,478,196 17,832,193 15,533,339 14,455,116 13,292,305 10,920,886 10,202,355 8,688,462 8,057,702 7,544,321 7,382,108 7,335,338 6,778,989 6,228,736 6,008,549 5,409,260 5,396,802 5,323,246 5,294,983 4,852,863 3,793,442 2,921,587 2,913,921 2,894,103 2,326,767 2, 154, 658 1,869,237 1,665,700 1, 657, 784 1, 586, 156 1,570,310 1,442,342 1,298,855 1,254,088 1,229,934 1,212,831 1,115,862 1,089,425 1,029,996 994,070 979,806 904,891 809,186 743,426 714,122 710,526 703,338 648,545 8277,756,928 10.5 8.7 8.0 6.1 5.9 5.0 4.5 4.1 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.1 L9 L6 1.5 1.2 1.2 LI 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Value added by manufacture. Amount. 7,533,034 32,536,506 29,894,018 9,151,016 27,181,523 4,157,115 10,637,307 3,717,512 11,944,523 11,443,424 8,012,953 6,709,760 3,044,462 9,607,841 6,267,073 6,380,445 4,619,026 3,694,621 3,521,761 3,285,165 3,287,054 2,765,051 4, 152, 750 2,348,403 2,453,409 1,014,272 3,333,082 2,088,993 3,479,336 3,469,031 541,632 1,175,564 1,746,156 1,524,858 1,208,262 956,834 1,024,360 835,121- 522,373 459,007 743,239 932,334 488,157 887,616 523,012 796,895 441,308 505,167 365,426 428, 730 490, 149 200,400 351,698 436,172 342,710 397,848 273,403 Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 100.0 2.7 n.7 10.8 3.3 1.5 3.8 1.3 4.3 4.1 2.9 2.1 LI 3.5 2.2 2.3 1.7 L3 1.3 L2 L2 LO 1.5 0.8 0.9 0.4 L2 0.8 L2 L2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 PEK CENT OP INCEEASE.' Wage earners (average number). 1909- 1914 6.4 9.5 -5.3 -22.2 7.0 18.3 20.1 -6.7 6.1 16.2 13.8 7.1 39.7 5.5 45.8 0.2 21.3 -15.7 25.5 -23.2 61.3 3.9 26.0 -4.5 -13.0 50.1 -29.0 16.7 -9.1 -36.4 4.2 -46.4 27.7 60.1 113.7 8.4 -34.4 12.8 -0.5 6.7 3.3 44.7 -23.3 -14.8 -47.2 -23."8 252.7 68.7 -7.8 2.0 -5.4 -42.9 7.2 -45.5 1904- 1909 20.6 24.6 58.0 -1.1 36.9 3.9 19.6 17.8 -12.4 14.6 726.5 65.4 -14.8 5.1 0.7 66.2 ILl 45.6 2.2 -6.7 35.5 -14.9 48.8 10.9 68.5 17.0 15.1 16.7 45.3 57.3 17.6 134.2 13.9 68.2 -10.8 -3.1 157.8 14.9 27.0 42.6 2.7 -26.1 97.4 -37.3 38.4 -64."4' 1899- 1904 10.1 29.1 5.1 -12.8 5.6 24.8 5.3 49.5 6.0 16.3 8.5 18.8 46.2 15.5 55.8 20.9 -51.7 13.4 29.0 5.9 70.3 23.8 72.6 39.8 135.3 18.4 7L2 45.4 -12.5 337.6 16.8 49.4 28.8 Value of products. 1909- 1914 17.8 35.3 12.1 -4.5 -5.5 27.3 27.5 20.2 -9.4 2L1 76.3 6L5 3L1 61.9 21.9 69.5 -23.8 43.0 -7.6 17.3 -15.2 94.9 -1L8 50.0 13.5 162.4 48.0 133.0 685.4 16.0 -18.3 1L5 -6.8 "36." i 52.6 10.4 41.1 -44.0 0.4 40.7 -LI 32.3 -12.3 -20.9 4.4 -29.2 79.7 76.7 287.6 18.4 25.4 30.0 6.3 23.4 -15.5 45.6 -16.0 3.3 -49.3 96.8 75.0 -14.8 1904- 1909 43.6 79.6 72.5 -1.0 72.8 12.0 64.3 45.5 11.7 60.8 13.2 510.1 98.7 28.2 57.5 120.1 43.9 40.2 27.7 10.0 49.1 20.6 -14.3 28.7 47.9 17.2 63.8 19.6 30.6 27.8 -24.6 185.7 110.5 5.6 20.0 3.7 —24.7 14.4 -53.3 46.1 -3.2 88.0 45.5 143.3 20.1 32.7 37.4 150.3 55.9 26.7 106.8 60.8 164.5 0.2 -9.0 264.1 59.8 42.4 62.9 38.4 36.7 80.2 -35.6 -22.2 -59." i' 1899- 1904 25.8 3L9 113.7 44.4 98.6 -23.6 44.8 48.7 15.0 142.2 29.8 64.9 22.9 245.7 62.3 108.4 65.9 6.0 335.7 16.9 106.6 4.9 82.9 Value added by manufacture. 1909- 1914 29.1 3.0 -7.7 -7.0 12.2 9.0 14.8 -19.7 2L1 53.1 3L4 17.8 7L6 13.4 58.4 12.8 86.3 -6.6 24.4 10.5 13L3 55.3 188.9 457.1 67.7 ■ 15.3 6.5 '92.'9 50.3 14.3 34.5 -13.2 —45.8 39.7 -6.2 33.2 28.9 -38.2 1.2 -39.7 117.6 78.2 339.0 14.3 35.1 28.9 -5.0 -2.9 -26.1 40.4 -25.7 2.4 -58.9 89.5 1904- 1909 32.7 62.6 78.0 -4.6 64.7 3.1 52.7 29.6 28.7 49.3 14.0 492.2 99.8 -L6 28.2 47.6 64.4 147.3 25.2 27.8 -6.6 39.5 97.0 41.2 102.8 23.7 -29.6 46.1 27. & 10.4 43.9 -12.6 92.2 -L8 136.5 9.7 46.1 24.9 125.9 6.3 33.6 124.1 90.0 -24.7 184.7 82.3 0.9 -32.4 12.0 -10.5 12.1 -42.5 153.8 -29.8 -7.1 -71.0 1899- 1904 30.4 2.7 29.7 0.7 48.1 55.1 31.6 7L0 16.8 27.3 42.7 94.7 30.4 77.9 10. » 284. S 65.3 94.4 23.9 -6.9 362. S 20.7 138.7 '136.' 7 -8.4 -17.1 3.5 216.9 50.7 70.1 "37.'9 68.5 44.9 95.3 19.1 -13.9 2L5 -9.4 2ii."2 16.1 9.8 11L4 109.7 465.7 30.6 126.3 90.2 33.6 nt^ffTmw'^^^^^^^f^ 86.5 14L6 216.6 130.7 33.1 167.0 here base is in less than 100, or where comparable figures MANUFACTURES-WISCONSIN. 1631 Table a— Continued. - CENSUS OP 1914. PEE CENT OF INCEEASE.l INDUSTRY. Num- ber Of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. / Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 190»- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 190»- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909» 1899- 1904 Carriages and sleds, children's Gas and electric fixtures and lamps and reflectors 4 7 3 7 19 10 9 4 41 26 8 502 454 222 57 60 208 50 134 81 129 96 166 14,773 0.2 0.1 0.1 l ^Si 7.6 8648,030 647,999 474,606 436,222 382,179 326,250 307,617 274,091 270,479 266,305 266,016 54,307,219 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 t^ $339,367 362,091 131,749 206,388 231,573 75,700 214,799 106,561 177,055 106,786 148,040 25,525,079 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 7i ^Si <2i 9.2 27.2 -59.8 31.7 126.2 62.7 42.7 -55.8 38.5 155.0 82.5 40.5 -52.3 64.6 173.0 91.7 Fuel, manufactured Chemicals -21.1 76.3 38.9 -21.6 -6.9 -9.2 -5.0 -10.8 16.9 38.8 20.0 66.0 52.6 1.6 1.2 'm'.o -15.0 34.0 16.7 -1.3 -13.2 8.4 -14.9 -6.0 93.6 80.4 64.3 88.0 88.0 4.3 6.0 'm.b' -24.0 43.2 -8.0 -19.2 -8.6 ,4.5 -13.0 2.7 111.7 105.1 101.7 82.2 144.5 4.1 Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere 2.6 Grease and tailow . ." Photo-engraving 239.5 Mirrors, framed and unframed Brushes, exclusive of paint and var- nish Brooms, from broom corn . Boxes, cigar -3.6 14.4 24.2 » Percentages are based on figures In Table 36 ; a minus sigtt ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is in less than 100, or where comparable figures can not be given. ' Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent . Separate statistics are presented for 69 industries, or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $250,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include 10 with products exceeding $20,- 000,000 in value, 7 with products between $10,000,000 and $20,000,000, 12 with products between $5,000,000 and $10,000,000, 20 with products between $1,000,000 ^and $5,000,000, and 20 with products, valued at less than $1,000,000. Among those included under the head of "all other industries" are a number which have products exceeding in value some for which fig- ures are shown in the table, but for which statistics can not be shown separately without the possibility of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, as follows: Aluminum ware; bags, paper; cars, steam- railroad, not including the operations of railroad com- panies; coke, not including gas-house' coke; explo- sives; glue; instruments, professional and scientific; liquors, distilled; matches; motorcycles, bicycles, and parts; linseed oil; smelting and refining, zinc; steam packing; beet sugar; and windmills. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably from that given if based on the average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. Butter, which ranks first in value of products, is twelfth in average number oi wage earners and tenth in value added by manufac- ture, while furniture and refrigerators ranks ninth in value of products, third in number of wage earners, and fourth in value added by manufacture. Although a few industries greatly predominate in importance, it will be seen;from Table 2 that there is, on the whole, considerable diversity in the manufacttu-ing activities of the state. The most important industries call for brief consideration. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — ^At the 1914 census 2,431 establishments were rej in the manufacture of butter, cheesej' milk in Wisconsin. The value of products of these establishments, $72,859,000, represented 10.5 per cent of the total value of the state's manufactures. The state ranks first among the states ih the production of butter and cheese and second in the manufacture of condensed milk. During the five-year period 1909- 1914 the total value of products increased from $53,- 843,000 to $72,859,000, or by 35.3 per cent; the aver- age number of wage earners from 2,863 to 3,717, or by 29.8 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $5,837,000 to $7,533,000, or 29.1 per cent. Foundry and machine-shop products. — ^This industry embraces, in addition to the foundries and machine shops, the establishments engaged in the manufacture of engines, steam, gas, and water; gas machines and gas and water meters; hardware; cast-iron and cast- steel pipe; plumbers' supphes; steam fittings and heating apparatus; structural ironwork; and in auto- mobile repairing. During the five-year period 1909- 1914 the total value of products increased from $54,124,000 to $60,698,000, or 12.1 per cent; the average number of wage earners from 24,219 to 26,521, or 9.5 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $31,590,000 to $32,537,000, or 3 per cent. The industry is really of greater importance in the state than indicated by the statistics, as some machine shops manufactured distinctive products, and as a result were assigned to other classifications. Jjwmber and timher products. — ^This industry, embrac- ing the operations of logging camps, sawmills, planing miUs, and wooden-box factories, was third in impor- tance in 1914, while in 1909 it ranked first among the industries of the state, the decrease being due to the depletion of the forests. In 1909 the industry gave employment to an average of 34,093 wage earners and in 1914 to 32,282, a decrease of 5.3 per cent. The value of products in 1909 amounted to $57,969,000 Mfd^CMdft^ to $55,363,000, a decrease of 4.5 per cent. 1632 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — The number of tanneries, the average number of wage earners, the value of products, and the value added by manu- facture show a decrease during the five years ending with 1914. The industry, however, retains its rank, fourth, in value of products in the state. The decrease reduced the standing of Wisconsin from second to third place among the leather-producing states. In 1914 the industry gave employment to an average of 5,869 wage earners and reported products valued at $42,204,000. Malt and malt liquors. — ^The number of breweries decreased from 136 in 1909 to 132 in 1914. During the same period there was an increase of 27.3 per cent in value of products. In 1914 the industry ranked fifth in value of products and third in value added by manufacture. While the same niunber of estabhsh- ments, 25, were reported for the manufacture of malt in 1914 and 1909, the value of products increased by 61.9 per cent. During the five-year period 1909-1914 the average number of wage earners for the two indus- tries increased from 5,517 to 6,051, or 9.7 per cent; the value of products from $41,723,000 to $56,418,000, or 35.2 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $26,003,000 to $30,226,000, or 16.2 per cent. The figures for value of products and value added by manufacture in case of the brewing industry, included the internal-revenue tax and are, therefore, misleading as an indication of the relative importance of the industry from a manufacturing standpoint. In 1914 Wisconsin reported 9.2 per cent of the total value of malt liquors and 32.3 per cent of the total value of malt produced in the United States, ranking third among the states in the production of malt Hquors and second in the output of malt. Slaughtering and meat pacHng. — ^This classification includes wholesale slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshments and also those engaged primarily in the manufacture of sausage. It does not include the numerous retail butcher shops which slaughter a large number of animals. The products of the slaughtering and meat-packing estabhshments amounted to $32,181,000 and those of the sausage manufactures to $2,517,000. Since 1904 the value of products for the industry has more than doubled. During the five- year period 1909-1914 the total value of products increased from $27,217,000 to $34,698,000, or 27.5 per cent; the average number of wage earners from 1,890 to 2,236, or 18.3 per cent; and the value added by manu- facture from $3,814,000 to $4,157,000, or 9 per cent. Paper and wood pulp. — This industry has increased rapidly in Wisconsin, and the state ranked fourth at the census of 1914 in value of products and average number of wage earners. The value of products increased from $25,962,000 in 1909 to $31,205,000 in 1914, or 20.2 per cent; and the average number of wage earners from 7,467 in 1909 to 8,968 in 1914, or 20.1 per cent. Digitized Flour-mill and gristmiU products. — The statistics for all merchant mills grinding wheat, rye, buckwheat, corn, or other grains, are included in this classification. The industry was not as prosperous during 1914 as in prior census years. As compared with 1909, there was a decrease of 70 in number of establshments, of 68 in the average number of wage earners, and of $2,970,000 in value of products. Table 14 shows that the decrease in the number of wage earners and value of products occurred in estabhshments operated by individuals and firms. The increase in the number employed and value of products for corporations was not sufiicient to overcome the decreases for estab- hshments operated under other forms of ownership. Furniture and refrigerators. — In 1914 this industry gave employment to an average of 11,792 wage earn- ers, an increase of 6.1 per cent over 1909. The value of products increased from $18,656,000 in 1909 to $22,587,000 in 1914, or 21.1 per cent. The value of products reported for this industry places Wisconsin fifth in order of importance among the furniture- manufacturing states. Agricultural implements. — ^This is one of the rapidly growing industries and the state ranked second in value of products among the states manufacturing agricultural implements in 1914. During the five- year period from 1909 to 1914 the total value of prod- ucts increased from- $11,411,000 to $20,119,000, or 76.3 per cent; the average number of wage earners from 2,704 to 3,143, or 16.2 per cent; and the value added by manufacture from $7,474,000 to $11,443,000, or 53.1 per cent. Automohiles, including hodies and parts. — In 1904 re- ports were received for 6 establishments engaged in this industry, with products valued at $1,875,000. During the decade ending with 1914, the industry de- veloped rapidly, the number of estabhshments in- creasing to 43 and the value of products to $18,478,000. There were 12 estabhshments that manufactured the complete vehicles and 31 engaged primarily in the manufacture of bodies and parts. The com- bination of the products for the two branches of the industry results in considerable duphcation, as the bodies and parts made -in the state are largely utilized in the completion of vehicles in the local factories. Boots and shoes, including cut stock and findings. — This classification consists of 58 establishments en- gaged in the manufacture of leather boots and shoes; 3 engaged primarily in manufacture of other kinds of footwear, such as moccasins, felt shppers, and wooden shoes; and 4 that made a specialty of boot and shoe findings in 1914. In addition, there were 2 establish- ments that manufactured boot and shoe cut stock, but the statistics for them are omitted from Table 2 and included in- the group of "all other industries," Table 37, in order to avoid the disclosure of the data reported by individual establishments. by IVIicrosoff® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1633 Persons engaged in manufacturing industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1909 and 1914, the number of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the average number of wage earners being distributed also by age. The sex and age classification of the average mmiber of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method described in the "Ex- planation of terms." Of the 230,273 persons engaged in the manufactures of the state during 1914, 86.5 per cent were males and 13.5 were females. The relative number of females employed increased during the period covered by the table for all of the classes shown, except superin- tendents and managers, and children \mder 16 years of age. The largest proportion of females in both years is shown for children under 16 years of age. Figures corresponding to those in this table, but for individual iudustries, will be found ia Table 37. Table 3 Cen- sus year. PEKSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTUE- ING INDUSTRIES. CLASS. Cen- sus , year. PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANTWACTUK- ING INDUSTRIES. CLASS, Total. Male. Fft- male. Per cent of total. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- All classes 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1908 1914 1909 1914 1909 230,273 213,426 199,232 186,350 31,041 27,076 86.5 87.3 13.6 12.7 Clerks and other subordmate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 1914 1909 191,4 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 20,942 16,221 194,310 182,583 16,100 12,955 168,531 159,101 4,842 3,266 25,779 23,482 76.9 79.9 86.7 87.1 23.1 20.1 Proprietors and officials 15,021 14,622 14,601 14,294 420 328 97.2 97.8 2.8 2.2 13.3 12.9 Proprietors and firm members . . 7,425 8,556 3,127 2,351 4,469 3,715 7,144 8,327 3,039 2,299 4,4J8 3,668 281 229 88 52 61 47 96.2 97.3 97.2 97.8 98.9 98.7 3.8 2.7 2.8 2.2 1.1 1.3 191,301 178,316 3,009 4,267 166,800 166,734 1,731 2,367 24,501 21,682 1,278 1,900 87.2 87.9 57.5 66.5 12.8 Salaried officers of corporations. . 12.1 42.5 Superintendents and managers.. 44.5 Table 4 gives for the several classes of persons en- gaged ia manufactures the percentages of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution at the two censuses. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUPACTUEING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Total. Male. Female. Per cent distribution. Total. 1914 1909 Male. 1914 1909 Female. 1914 1909 All classes.. 7.9 6.9 14.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Proprietors and officials Proprietors and firm members . . , ' Salaried officers of corporations Superint,endents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees . Wage earners (average number) 16 years of age and over Under 16 years of age 2.7 -13.2 33.0 20.3 29.1 6.4 7.3 -29.5 2.1 -14.2 32.2 20.4 24.3 5.9 6.4 28.0 22.7 48.3 9.8 13.5 -32.7 6.5 3.2 1.4 1.9 9.1 84.4 83.1 1.3 6.9 4.0 1.1 1.7 7.6 85.5 83.5 2.0 7.3 3.6 1.5 2.2 84.6 83.7 0.9 7.7 4.5 1.2 2.0 7.0 85.4 84.1 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.2 15.6 83.0 78.9 4.1 1.2 0.8 0.2 .0.2 12.1 86.7 79.7 7.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted where base is less than 100. This table shows an increase during the five-year period for each of the several classes of employees, with the exception of proprietors and firm members and wage earners under 16 years of age. The largest per- centage of increase, 33 per cent, is shown for salaried officers of corporations. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 83.1 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manuf acturiag industries ia the state ia 1914 and 83.5 per cent in 1909. In order to compare the distribution of persons engaged in manufactures in 1914 with that shown in the census of 1904, it is necessary to use the classifica- tion employed ia the earlier census (see "Explanation of terms")- Table 5 makes this comparison accord- ing to occupational status. 821010-18 — 103 Digitized by Table 5 Total. Proprietors and firm mem- bers Salaried employees Wage earners (average) PERSONS ENGAGED IN M ANUPACTURINO INDUSTRIES. Number. 1914 230, 273 213,426 1904 173,572 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 3.2 12.4 84.4 100.0 100.0 4.0 10.4 85.5 1904 4.6 8.2 87.2 Perceiitof increase.' 1909- 1914 7.9 —13.2 28.0 6.4 1904- 1909 7.5 56.7 20.6 /W?, 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. Each of the three classes shown ia this table and the total for aU classes combined show iacreases, except proprietors and firm members where a decrease of 13.2 er cent during 1909-1914 was reported. icrosor^ 1634 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. The average number of wage earners employied and their per cent distribution as males and females 16 years of age and over and children under 16 years of age are given in Table 6, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. The table also shows, for some of the important industries separately, a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the proportion of male wage earners 16 years of age and over has remained practically the same at each successive census, while only a small increase is shown for the females em- ployed. The proportion of children under 16 years employed as wage earners has decreased from 2.3 per cent ia 1909 to 1.5 per cent in 1914. Of the 31 indus- tries, for which separate figures are given in this table, 21 show an increase from 1909 to 1914 in proportion of males and 13, an increase in proportion of females, while in only 7 industries was there an increase in proportion of children imder 16 years of age employed. In practically aU of the industries of the state the number of men employed as wage earners exceeds the number of women, but in the manufacture of fancy and paper boxes, men's clothing, confectionery, leather gloves and mittens, and hosiery and knit goods, the number of women exceeds the number of men. The largest proportion of children under 16 years of age is shown for the manufacture of confectionery. Table 6 Census year. WAGE EAKNEBS. Average num- ber.' Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. Fe- male. Un- der 16 years Census year. WAGE EARNEBS. Average num- ber.' Per cent of total. 16 years of age and over. Male. male. Un- der 16. years of age- All industries. Agricultural implements Antomobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, including findings Buses, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk Canning and preserving — Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-raUroad companies. Clothing, men's, including sbirts Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Floor-mill and gristmill products 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 194,310 182,583 151,391 85.8 85.8 85.4 12.6 11.8 11.9 1.5 2.3 2.7 3,143 2,704 4,889 4,298 5,814 5,431 1,319 824 1,122 1,289 2,197 1,751 3,717 2,863 2,687 1,776 2,638 3,437 9,011 8,994 3,584 4,252 2,242 1,780 3,372 2,780 2,115 1,409 1,116 1,184 97.1 96.9 62.7 57.7 27.3 99.3 97.8 76.5 77.3 94.1 97.1 68.8 67.9 99.9 99.9 22.7 22.3 29. S 25.2 87.9 81.8 91.7 93.5 99.5 2.8 1.6 1.1 0.3 33.7 49.9 54.4 0.6 0.9 22.2 19.5 5.5 2.2 26.7 28.9 1.3 0.9 0.1 0.1 75.1 73.3 57.3 54.8 11.5 17.2 7.2 5.8 0.4 0.4 0.1 1.6 0.2 0.6 10.5 18.3 0.1 1.4 1.3 3.3 0.4 0.7 4.5 3.2 0.2 0.7 Foimdry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Gloves and mittens, leather Hosiery and knit goods 2.2 4.5 12.9 19.9 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.1 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. . Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Rubber goods Slaughtering and meat packing Tobacco manufactures All other industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 26,521 24,219 11,792 11,118 1,240 1,063 1,711 1,642 6,244 4,282 2,029 2,124 1,490 2,099 5,869 7,548 5,414 5,061 32,282 34,093 1,390 7,467 5,653 5,360 1,637 212 2,236 1,890 2,4S5 2,391 28,383 24,649 .98.9 94.8 92.9 100.0 99.2 33.4 31.3 21.8 17.7 99.8 99.7 79.7 71.7 94.6 95.7 97.2 93.8 98.3 98.0 99.6 100.0 89.8 87.2 6S.8 90.0 78.3 94.6 93.2 71.4 73.1 82.4 80.9 0.8 0.8 3.0 3.4 0.8 62.7 62.9 72.6 71.7 17.7 23.6 5.3 3.9 2.8 6.2 1.1 0.9 0.1 10.1 12.6 24.3 25.7 9.7 15.6 3.8 5.1 28.0 26.3 16.3 16.3 0.2 0.9 2.2 3.T 3.9> 6.8-. 5.6 10.6. 0.2- 0.3. 2.4 4.7 O.S 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 6.7 6.5 a2 6.1 1.6. 1.& as 0.S 1.4 2.S 1 For method of estimatmg the distribution, by sex and age periods of theaverage number in all industries combined, see "Explanation of tenns.'^ * Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 7 shows the average number and the per cent distribution of wage earners employed in each of the 18 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, classi- fied according to age periods, and in the case of those 16 years of age and over, according to sex, for 1914, 1909, and 1904. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1635 Table 7 Appleton Asniand Beloit Eau Claire... Fond du Lac Green Bay.. Janesvjile Kenosha La Crosse Madison Manitowoc.. Marinette Milwaukee... Oshkosh Sacine Sheboygan.. Superior Wausau AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE EAENEES IN MANXJFACTOBING INDTJSTKIE3. Total. 1914 1909 2,144 797 3,527 2,315 1,925 2,125 1,116 2,986 2,524 2,707 2,724 1,495 7,155 3,340 2,084 2s 579 1,451 6.449 3,329 1,792 2,012 2,112 61,839 5,782 1,525 1,491 59,502 5,778 10,079 7,152 2,121 2,492 8,381 5,988 1,847 2,092 1904 1,361 2,471 1,985 2,111 1,348 4,354 2,644 1,476 1,321 1,645 43,366 4,840 6,504 5,903 1,343 1.945 16 years of age and over. Male. 1914 1909 1,785 765 3,249 2,114 1,594 ..1,687 1,090 2,774 2,327 2,271 2,318 1,088 6,237 2,474 1,747 2,267 1,001 5,598 2,370 1,593 1,660 1,846 48,562 4,697 1,255 1,347 46,981 4,692 8,647 6,307 1,992 2,168 7,132 5,030 1,723 1,948 1904 1,950 1,338 2,259 1,826 2,171 1,829 971 3,411 1,929 1,279 1,029 1,577 '33,028 1 4,174 5,453 •4,952 1,266 1,808 Female. 1914 1909 344 400 28 15 270 188 174 177 313 376 390 273 386 441 8,58 683 806 896 323 170 294 242 249 143 11,722 10,118 774 1,001 1,201 1,106 632 683 IK 118 306 71 1904 487 22 176 147 353 230 367 913 626 161 273 28 !,093 505 946 646 60 40 Under 16 years of 1914 1909 15 38 4 11 8 24 27 20 18 60 16 39 21 9 60 168 60 63 14 29 58 28 17- 1 1,555 2,403 84 312 231 143 213 275 1 6 18 73 1904 19 40 2,245 161 105 305 17 97 Per cent of total. 16 yeais of age and over. Male. 1914 83.3 96.0 92.1 91.3 85.1 72.8 87.2 74.1 83.8 82.5 87.4 78.5 81.2 85.8 88.2 93.9 87.0 1909 79.4 97.7 92.9 92.2 83.9 87.9 69.0 86.8 71.2 82.3 90.3 79.0 81.2 85.1 84.0 93.3 93.1 1904 78.4 98.3 91.4 92.0 84.6 86.6 72.0 78.3 73.0 86.7 77.9 95.9 76.2 86.2 83.8 83.9 94.3 93.0 Female. 1914 16.0 3.5 7.7 7.5 16.3 14.3 25.8 12.0 24.1 15.5 14.6 11.8 19.0 17.3 11.9 . 8.8 6.0 12.3 1909 18.8 1.3 6.3 7.0 13.9 10.6 30.4 10.6 26.9 9.5 15.9 9.6 17.0 13.4 13.2 11.4 6.4 3.4 1904 19.6 1.6 7.1 7.4 13.8 10.9 26.5 21.0 23.7 10.9 20.7 1.7 18.7 10.4 14.5 10.9 4.5 2.1 Under 16 years of age. 1914 1909 0.7 1.8 0.5 1.0 0.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.9 2.2 0.6 1.5 1.4 0.6 0.8 2.6 1.S 1.9 .0.7 1.6 2.9 1.8 0.8 0.1 2.5 4.0 1.5 5.4 2.3 1.7 8.0 4.6 m 0.3 0.7 3.5 1904 2.0 0.1 1.5 0.6 1.6 2.5 1.5 0.7 3.4 2.4 1.4 2.4 5.2 3.3 1.6 5.2 1.3 4.9 ' Figures do not agree witli those published because it was necessary to revise them in order to include data only for those establishments located within the corporate limits of the city. > Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. Table 8 gives percentages of increase from census to census, based on the figures in Table 7, for the 18 cities shown in that table. For aU cities combined, there is little variation in the proportion of the different classes of wage earners re- ported at the three censuses, 1914, 1909, and 1904, the proportion of males being 82 per cent in 1914; 81.9 per cent in 1909; and 80.6 per cent in 1904. With the exception of Appleton, Ashland, and Fond du Lac aU of the cities show substantial increases in the number of wage earners employed in manufactures. Milwau- kee, by far the most important city in the state in respect to number of wage earners employed, shows a small increase in 1914 over 1909 in the number of male and female wage earners but a decrease in the number of children under 16 years of age employed. Table 8 PER CENT OP INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OP WAGE KABNERS.l CITY. PER CENT OF INCREASE IN AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS.' anY, Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years of age. Period. Total. 16 years of age and over. Under 16 years Male. Female. Male. Female. of age. 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 -13.8 0.9 -14.5 -41.4 -28.6 -18.0 42.7 18.1 20.8 16.6 -8.3 27.2 -25.0 -28.9 5.5 29.0 5.6 22.2 10.9 3.0 7.6 64.3 10.9 48.1 26.3 0.3 25.9 -8.5 5.8 -13.5 -42.8 -29.8 -18.5 43.8 17.1 22.8 15.8 -9.2 27.4 -26.6 -29.8 4.6 26.7 2.2 23.9 12.0 8.7 3.1 82.8 11.4. . 64.1 28.3 4.4 22.9 -29.4 -14.0 -17.9 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 1904-1914 1909-1914 1904-1909 41.2 16.3 21.4 52.3 31.9 15.4 28.4 41.6 -9.4 42.6 3.9 37.2 19.5 0.1 19.4 55.0 20.3 28.9 21.2 19.4 1.4 57.9 14.8 37.5 28.1 19.1 7.6 36.6 9.7 24.6 61.3 32.3 22.0 17.1 37.0 -14.6 47.0 3.4 42.2 12.5 0.1 12.4 58.6 21.2 30.8 27.4 25.4 1.6 67.3 15.6 36.1 19.9 11.3 7.7 100.6 90.0 5.6 7.7 21.5 -11.4 Marinette Beloit 53.4 43.6 6.8 18.4 -1.7 20.4 -11.3 -16.8 6.5 69.6 42.9 18.7 8.1 -12.5 23.5 -6.0 25.6 -25.2 28.8 -10.0 43.1 "'-64.'3 74.1 44.8 15.9 25.0 98.2 29.3 53.3 27.0 8.6 16.9 -2.2 -7.5 6.7 -30.7 -35.3 7.0 -47.8 -73.1 93.8 120.0 61.5 36.2 -30.2 -22.5 -9. a 0.tiOTi*>**y . . , 8 CoDDer. tin. and sheet-iron nroducts ... 173 56 41 1 5 986 295 69 20 36 76 646 4 1 166 10 2 3 10 ........ (ras, illii'mi'nftt-''"£ s^Tid hRatinp 671 36 110 253 Gloves and mittens, leather.... 384 64 300 96 171 1,026 78 73 1 4 16 3,674 3,423 1,807 230 307 468 378 661 3,421 2,219 60 2 420 74 324 496 36 64 15 647 3 8 2,136 1,442 15 22 7 4 9' 6 343 6 Paper and wood pulp. . . 1,496 2,043 2 126 604 744 17 38 1,165 1,613 316 333 1,245 2 14 6 RlaiTPhteriTiP' and mpat DH^MTif , . . , 13 135 1,953 1,863 3,326 931 23,221 866 734 135 173 4,348 2,706 . 11,467 112 1 130 21 2,699 1,085 7,243 201 31 8,637 5,403 45,814 8 15 1,409 1,217 2,393 All other industries . >. 184 337 871 190 TotEil for cities. '. 1,210 236 APPLETON . 2,144 797 3,527 2,315 1,925 2,724 1,495 7,155 3,340 2,084 2,012 2,112 61,839 5,782 10,079 7,152 2,121 2,492 61 134 7 66 62 149 52 440 733 187 56 202 14,713 2,743 1,045 1,479 896 196 122 6 2 10 163 74 114 14 200 48 105 15 5,465 79 630 199 36 61 163 33 203 118 91 203 246 158 703 162 773 8 5,804 606 671 1,118 411 96 106 39 3,065 663 270 679 861 6,203 817 1,068 313 180 23,656 869 5,141 1,946 15 144 1,173 362 169 1,483 1,328 1,321 208 334 848 556 761 1,537 10,482 1,480 2,792 2,321 710 1,985 131 369 104 3' 19 119 Beloit 61 82 11 298 14 6 38 73 20 Fond du Lac JANESVILLE La Crosse 1 4 160 230 Marinette . 1 1,683 6 9 7 OSHKOSH.... Racine . . 37 43 10 52 Superior 10 The figures in this table, for the state as a whole and for the selected industries, show a tendency to- ward a shortening of the working day of wage earners. In 1909, 105,340, or nearly three-fifths of the total average number of wage earners for all industries com- bined, were employed in establishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 hours or more per week, whereas 76,707, or less than two-fifths, were so Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1639 employed in 1914. Among the separate industries, foundry and machine-siiop products shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909 only 63.6 per cent of the total number of wage earners were employed less than 60 hours per week, while in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 83.9 per cent. A perceptible change in the same direction is shown for most of the industries. In 1914, for all industries combined and a number of the important industries, the largest number of wage earners for any of the groups shown were employed in estabUshments in which the prevailing hours of labor were 60 per week. In the manufactm-e of hos- iery and knit goods and in the foundry and machine- shop industry, the prevaUing hours of labor were be- tween 54 and 60 per week. In the repair shops of the steam-railroad companies 74.3 per cent of the wage earners were employed by establishments reporting 48 hours per week as the prevailing time of work, and in the printing and pubhshing industry 60.5 per cent of the wage earners were employed in establishments in the same group. Of the combined total average number of wage earners, 121,095 for the 18 cities in 1914, 87,745, or 72.5 per cent, were in estabhshments where the pre- vailing hours were less l^han 60 per week. In most of the cities in the state, the largest number of wage earners were employed in estabhshments reporting 54 and 60 hours per week as the prevailing time of em- ployment. location of establishments. — Table 12 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1899, the extent to which the manufac- tures in Wisconsin were centralized in the cities hav- ing more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 12 Nmnlrer of places Population ' Number of est^blislimeiits. Average number of wage earners.. Value of products Value added by manufacture Census year. 1914 1910 1900 1914 1910 1900 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 1914 1909 1899 2,446,716 2,333,860 2,069,042 * 9,104 9,721 7,841 194,310 182,683 137,525 $695, 172, 002 590,305,638 326, 752, 878 277,756,928 243,948,955 141,057,485 CTTIE3 HAVINO A POPOTATION OF 10,000 OB OVER. Total. Number or amount. 18 18 18 835,277 752,948 699,845 3,'457 3,330 2,700 121,095 113,662 82,066 1422,301,023 364, 736, 784 194,671,599 185,835,975 158,263,857 88,677,429 Per cent of aggre- gate. 34.1 32.3 29.0 38.0 34.2 34.4 62.3 62.3 59.7 60.7 61.8 59.6 66.9 64.9 10,000 to 25,000. Number or amount. 9 10 , 13 145,932 160,061 197,158 672 688 811 18,819 24,466 25,944 J55,966,682 73,322,285 49,648,271 22,990,386 30, 451, 355 23,127,463 Per cent of aggre- 6.0 6.9 9.5 7.4 7.1 10.3 9.7 13.4 18.9 8.0 12.4 15.2 8.3 12.5 16.4 25,000 to 100,000. Number or amount. 7 4 269,756 219,030 117,372 1,057 878 470 40,437 29,694 14,892 $142, 779, 199 83, 090, 869 34,269,226 64,166,382 40,110,295 14,389,564 P^r cent of 11.0 9.4 5.7 11.6 9.0 6.0 20.8 16.3 10.8 20.5 14.1 10.5 23.1 16.4 10.2 100,000 and over. Number or amount. 1 1 1 419,589 373,857 285,316 1,728 1,764 1,419 61,839 59,502 41,220 $223,555,142 208,323,630 110, 854, 102 98,679,207 87, 702,207 51,160,402 Per cent of aggre- gate. 17.1 16.0 13.8 19.0 18.1 18.1 31.8 32.6 30.0 32.2 36.3 33.9 35.5 36.0 36.3 DISTRICTS OUTSIDE OF CITIES HAVINO A POPULATION OF 10,000 OR OVER. Number or amount. 1,611,439 1,680,912 1,469,197 5,647 6,391 6,141 73,215 68,921 55,469 $272,870,979 225,568,754 132,081,279 91,920,953 85,685,098 52,380,056 Per cent of aggre- gate. 65.9 67.7 71.0 62.0 65.7 65.6 37.7 37.7 40.3 38.2 40.4 33.1 35.1 37.1 In 1914, 60.7 per cent of the total value of manu- factured products were reported from cities having over 10,000 inhabitants, and 62.3 per cent of the average wage earners in manufactm-ing estabhshments were employed ia such cities. The figures indicate that, while very httle relative change took place during the fifteen years, the manufacturing industries of the cities in question grew somewhat more rapidly than those of the districts outside. The group of cities having a population of 10,000 but less than 25,000 in 1914 shows a decrease in the value of prod- ucts and average number of wage earners. This is caused by the population of the city of Kenosha in- creasing to such an extent that it was included with the cities having a population of 25,000 but less than 100,000 in 1914. There was only one city in the state, Milwaukee, that had a population of 100,000 and over. Of the total value of products for the state in 1914, 8 per cent was reported from nine cij^^i^T^Sd'^' but under 25,000 inhabitants, 20.5 per cent from tlie L Census estimate of population for 1914. eight cities having 25,000 but imder 100,000 inhabi- tants, and 32.2 per cent from Milwaukee.' The relative importance in manufactures of each ef the 18 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, as measured by average number of wage earners and by value of products, in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is shown in Table 13. The cities are hsted in the order of their importance as shown by value of products. Every city, except Oshkosh, Fond du Lac, and Ashland, shows an increase in the value of products from 1909 to 1914, and for the five-year period 1904- 1909 Ashland and Marinette were the only cities showing decreases. The greatest percentages of gain from 1909 to 1914 were 76.8 per cent in Racine and 77.3 per cent in Superior; the greatest from 1904 to 1909 was 87.5 per cent in Kenosha. Milwaukee, the largest and most important city in the state, shows an increase of 7.3 per cent in value of products and 3.9 ^9^ MtlSTO^S&ft@^^ average number of wage earners from tie ' 1909 to 1914. The city reported 32.2 per cent of the 1640 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. total value of products of the state in 1914 and em- ployed 31.8 per cent of the total number of wage earners. One-third of the total value of the foundry and machine-shop products of the state, more than one-half of the value of the products for the leather and printing and publishing industries, two-thirds of the brewing industry, and the entire output of the millinery and lace goods were reported by Milwaukee. The city ranked twelfth among the cities of the United States in value of products in 1904 and tenth in 1909 and 1914. Table 13 CITT. Milwaukee Bacine Kenosha... Sheboygan La Crosse Oshkosh Superior Manitowoc Appleton Wausau. Beloit Green Bay Eaii Claire Fond du Lac Madison Janesyille Marinette Ashland AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEES. 1914 190e 61,839 10,079 7,156 7,152 3,340 5,782 2,121 2,012 2,144 2,492 3,527 2,724 2,315 1,925 2,084 1,495 2,112 797 59,502 8,381 6,449 5,- 988 3,329 5,778 1,847 1,525 2,125 2,092 2,986 2,579 2,524 2,707 1,792 1,451 1,491 1,116 1904 43,366 6,504 4,354 5,903 2,644 4,840 1,343 1,321 2,486 1,945 2,471 2,111 1,985 2,566 1,476 1,348 1,645 1,361 VALUE Of PK0DTJCT3. 1914 J223,555,142 43,632,384 28,341,156 17,509,450 14,739,232 13,889,936 11,662,566 8,460,694 7, 557, 673 7,325,304 6,927,601 6,797,605 6,773,829 6,760,850 6,206,970 5,659,226 4,674,473 1,827,032 1909 Jt208,323,630 24,672,669 23,181,672 11,299,029 14,103,148 14,739,252 6,574,457 5,938,887 6,734,405 6,286,532 6,885,601 6,235,209 6,864,733 8,226,908 5,467,105 5,155,731 3,309,378 2,748,438 1904 J137,994,966 16,468,966 12,362,600 9,761,116 8,139,432 8,652,462 6,366,981 4,427,816 6,672,457 4,644,457 4,485,224 4,873,027 3,601,558 6,699,606 3,291,143 3,846,038 3,633,399 4,210,365 The manufacture of paper and wood pulp was by far the most important manufacturing industry of Appleton for 1914 and 1909. The products of the foundries and machine shops for Beloit formed about 68 per cent of the total value of products for the city. The manufacture of lumber and other timber products was the most important industry in Ashland and Eau Claire. In Fond du Lac the tanning and currying of leather was the predominating industry, and in Green Bay the manufacture of paper and pulp. In Janesville the manufacture of agricultural im- plements was the leading industry, as in 1909. The principal industries in Kenosha were the tanning, curryiag, and finishing of leather, and the manufac- ture of furnitm-e, refrigerators, and automobiles; in La Crosse, flour mills and gristmills and the brewing industry; in Madison, the manufacture of electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies, and foundry and machine-shop products; in Manitowojc, the aluminum ware and malt industries; in Marinette, the lumber and timber industry; in Oshkosh, the manufacture of matches, and lumber and planing-mill products; in Racrae, the manufacture of agricultural implements, automobiles, including bodies and parts, food prepa- rations, foundry and machine-shop products, and rubber goods; in Sheboygan, furniture and refrig- erators, leather, tanned, curried, and finished, and the manufacture of plumbers' supplies; in Superior, flour miUs and gristmills; in Wausau, the lumber and timber and flour-mill and gristmill industries. Character of ownership. — Table 14 presents statis- tics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organization, of manufacturing enterprises. For all industries combined, for the state as a whole, com- parative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904; for selected industries, statistics for 1914 and 1909 are shown; and for tadividual cities the figures are for all industries combined and relate only to 1914. In order to avoid disclosing operations of individual establishments, it is necessary to omit several impor- tant industries from this table. Table 14 AVEEAGE NtTMBEE OF WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PE0DUCT3. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OP ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— nroTTSTKT AND QTY. Total. In establishments owned by— Per cent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All Oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corpora- tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 4,446 4,975 4,420 2,523 2,422 1,981 2,135 2,324 2,157 194,310 182,683 151,391 11,462 14,256 15,224 172,909 156,027 119,697 9,939 12,300 16,470 5.9 7.8 10.1 89.0 85.6 79.1 5.1 6.7 10.8 J695,172,002 590,305,538 411,139,681 $54,000,553 53,714,983 43,609,849 $682,284,229 471,360,437 310,912,592 $58,887,220 65,230,118 56,617,240 7.8 9.1 10.6 83.8 79.8 75.6 8.5 U.1 13.8 Agricultural implements. . 13 13 24 27 9 5 3,143 2,704 21 41 3,100 2,628 22 35 0.7 1.5 98.6 97.2 0.7 L3 20,119,058 11,411,303 112,234 124,187 19,928,945 11,208,200 77,879 78,916 0.6 LI 99.1 98.2 0.4 0.7 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 10 6 31 19 2 6 4,879 4,298 129 29 3;f68 '"toI 0.6 0.7 99.4 83.0 "ih'.s 18,478,196 11,440,242 1118,760 91,846 18,359,446 7,795,719 0.6 0.8 99.4 68.1 3,552,677 3L1 Boots and shoes, includ- ing findings. 1914 1909 11 16 48 43 6 4 5,814 5,431 117 191 5,573 5,123 124 117 2.0 3.5 95.9 94.3 2.1 2.2 17,832,193 13,602,234 277,103 365,.a:21 17,123,879 12,972,822 431,211 264,291 1.6 2.7 96.0 95.4 2.4 1.9 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 607 602 27 10 70 66 2,197 1,751 1,216 1,247 788 325 194 179 65.3 71.2 36.9 18.6 8.8 10.2 8,067,702 6,871,589 4,642,482 4,887,101 2,704,156 1,231,323 711,064 753,165 57.6 71.1 33.6 17.9 8.8 11.0 Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 1,129 1,242 253 283 1,049 1,106 3,717 2,863 874 769 1,356 808 1,488 1,286 23.5 26.9 36.5 28.2 40.0 44.9 72,868,592 53,843,249 22,849,459 19,332,700 20,068,099 10,438,592 29,941,034 24,071,957 3L4 35.9 27.5 19.4 4L1 44.7 Canning and preserving. . . 1914 1909 10 17 89 61 13 6 2,687 1,776 77 200 2,586 1,565 24 21 2.9 11.3 96.2 87.6 0.9 1.2 7,335,338 4,807,454 359,236 656,2^5 6,830,781 4,021,358 145,321 129,861 4.9 13.7 93.1 83.6 2.0 2.7 Carriages and wagons and materials. 1914 1909 106 184 26 32 54 70 2,638 3,437 302 467 2,120 2,731 216 249 11.4 13.3 80.4 79.6 8.2 7.2 7,544,321 8,899,171 639,369 987,657 6,350,783 7,090,575 554,169 820,939 8.5 ILl 84.2 79.7 7.3 9.2 Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by 1914 1909 35 22 9,011 8,994 9,011 8,994 100.0 100.0 10,920,886 14,332,152 10,920,886 14,332,162 100.0 100.0 steam-railroad compan- ies. 1 1 ^_ . 1 Includes the group ',JaU others." Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1641 Table 14-Continued. AVEEAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EAKNEKS. VALUE or PRODUCTS. Cen- sus year. NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS OWNED BY— INDTJSTBY AND CITY. Total. In establishments owned by— Percent of total. Total. Of establishments owned by- Per cent of total. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora^ tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Individ- uals. Corporar tions. All others. Indi- vid- uals. Cor- pora- tions. All oth- ers. Clothing, mens', includ- ing shirts. 1914 1909 16 63 31 31 12 10 3,584 4,262 190 739 2,933 3,039 461 474 6.3 17.4 81.8 71.5 12.9 11.1 18,688,462 9,406,184 1147,423 443,847 $7,447,743 7,874,838 $1,093,296 1,086,499 1.7 4.7 85.7 83.7 12.6 11.6 Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. 1914 1909 56 49 30 26 25 . 30 3,372 2,780 186 170 3,005 2,380 181 230 5.6 6.1 89.1 86.6 6.4 8.3 10,202,355 7,136,453 495,032 434,887 9,246,486 6,117,785 460,837 683,781 4.9 6.1 90.6 85.7 4.5 8.2 Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 122 143 60 76 70 104 1,116 1,184 170 180 709 663 237 341 16.2 16.2 63.6 56.0 21.2 28.8 28,697,413 31,667,434 2,981,868 4,094,813 21,417,656 19,574,951 4,297,889 7,997,670 10.4 12.9 74.6 61.8 15.0 26.3 Foundry and machine- shop products. 1914 1909 125 120 294 248 75 76 26,621 24,219 563 623 25, 116 22,861 863 845 2.1 2.2 94.7 94.4 3.2 3.5 60,698,391 54,124,000 1,313,787 1,085,554 57,283,862 61,244,270 2,100,742 1,794,176 2.2 2;0 94.4 94.7 3.6 3.3 Furniture and refrigera- tors. 1914 1909 27 24 80 81 7 9 11,792 11,118 280 342 11,405 10,580 107 196 2.4 3.1 96.7 95.2 0.9 1.8 22,586,531 18,665,635 488,660 466,660 21,863,922 17,808,063 243, 949 381,932 2.2 2.5 96.8 95.5 1.1 2.0 Hosiery and knit goods 1914 1909 21 22 41 36 6 3 6,244 4,282 55 97 6,070 4,166 119 19 0.9 2.3 97.2 97.3 1.9 0.4 13,292,305 7,843,389 101,369 119,081 12,962,360 7,662,599 228,576 61,709 0.8 1.5 97.5 97.7 1.7 0.8 leather, tanned, curried, and finished. 1914 1909 2 3 16 21 9 8 6,869 7,648 ■■""io 5,087 6,116 1782 1,423 "o.'i 86.7 81.0 13.3 18.9 42,204,202 44,667,676 17^660 37,214,156 .35,754,966 14,990,047 8,895,161 "(')" 88.2 80.0 11.8 20.0 Liquors, malt 1914 1909 27 38 88 74 17 24 5,414 5,061 156 224 6,160 4,713 98 124 2.9 ' 4.4 95.3 93.1 1.8 2.5 40,884,284 32,126,919 940,266 1,013,956 39,323,705 30,666,935 620,313 546,028 2.3 3.2 96.2 . 95.1 1 5 1.7 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. 1914 1909 238 471 257 310 140 239 32,282 34,093 1,502 2,988 28,689 28, 693 2,091 2,412 4.7 8.8 88.9 84.2 6.5 7.1 55,362,511 57,969,170 2,530,331 4,699,296 49,363,311 49,366,266 3,468,869 3,904,610 4.6 8.1 89.2 85.2 6.3 6.7 Malt 1914 1909 1 2 22 20 2 3 637 456 618 433 119 123 97.0 96.0 3.0 5.0 16,533,339 .9,597,440 14,465,116 11,860,644 16,350,596 9, 386, 683 1182,743 1210,857 .1,145,870 892,782 98.8 97.8 1.2 2.2 Printing and publislung . . 1914 1909 477 601 207 191 145 141 5,653 . 5,360 1,117 1,301 3,951 3,667 586 492 19.8 24.3 69.9 66.5 10.3 9.2 2,159,784 2,189,286 11,149,462 8,778,576 , J4-9 18.6 77.1 74.0 7.9 7.5 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 21 24 13 10 12 14 2,236 1,890 149 122 2,019 1,676 68 92 6.7 6.5 90.3 88.7 3.0 4.9 34,697,956 27,216,864 1,876,208 1,260,368 32,005,258 26,058,909 817,489 897,587 5.4 4.6 92.2 92.1 2.4 3.3 Total for cities 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1,627 1,356 474 121,095 6,139 110,479 4,4J7 5.1 91.2 3.7 422,301,023 18,375,692 385,009,681 18,915,660 4.4 91.2 4.6 APPT.TilTnTJ 49 15 17 39 49 44 16 21 43 33 14 6 12 12 IS 2,144 797 3,627 2,316 1,926 2,724 1,495 7,155 3,340 2,084 2,012 2,112 61,839 6,782 127 32 45 114 126 1,939 742 3,347 2,174 1,730 78 23 135 27 69 5.9 4.0 1.3 4.9 6.5 90.4 93.1 94.9 93.9 89.9 3.6 2.9 3.8 1.2 . 3.6 7,657,673 1,827,032 6,927,601 6,773,829 6,760,850 340,782 71,841 116,534 446,253 334,600 764,625 194,504 346, 186 761,761 650,593 398,484 185,365 10,715,786 638,894 1,174,533 576,760 422,138 246,063 7,036,648 1,679,527 6,376,662 6,216,047 6,215,696 5,773,758 5,273,028 27,826,606 13,449,687 4 968 627 181,243 75,664 435,405 111,529 210 654 4.6 3.9 1.7 6.6 4.9 93.1 91.9 92.0 91.8 91.9 2 4 Ashland 4.1 Beloit 6 3 F.ATT flr.ATHU 1 6 Fond du Lac 3.1 Gbeen Bat 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 44 24 38 74 35 47 35 23 65 57 13 12 14 28 30 253 69 124 265 172 2,371 1,378 6,981 2,944 1,782 100 68 60 141 130 9.3 3.9 1.7 7.6 8.3 87.0 92.2 97.6 88.1 85.6 3.7 3.9 0.7 4.2 6.2 6,797,505 5,659,226 28,341,156 14,739,232 6,206,970 8,460,694 4,674,473 223,565,142 13,889,936 43,632,384 17,509,460 11,662,566 7,325,304 259, 122 191,694 168,364 637,794 697,850 267,696 97,670 11,849,378 830,999 1,089,699 187,423 1,610,588 212,978 11.2 3.4 1.2 6.1 10 5 84.9 93.2 98.2 91.3 79 9 3 8 3 4 ITTr.wnsiTA . 6 3 6 Ma^IPON. . . . 9 6 Manitowoc 1914 1914 1914 1914 37 26 901 70 28 20 619 64 12 5 208 23 193 67 3,430 270 1,769 2,007 65,628 6,264 9,633 6,779 1,870 2,261 60 38 2,781 268 9.6 3.2 5.5 4.7 87.4 95.0 90.0 90.9 3.0 1.8 4.5 4.5 7,794,614 4,391,438 200,989,978 12, 420, 043 4.7 4.0 4.8 92.1 93.9 89.9 3 2 2 1 Milwaukee 5 3 1914 1914 1914 1914 65 49 64 41 96 70 39 37 29 13 18 7 10,079 7,152 2,121 2,492 304 283 159 126 242 90 92 105 3.0 4.0 7.5 5.1 94.6 94.8 88.2 90.7 2.4 1.2 4.3 4.2 41,368,162 16,746,267 9,629,840 6,866,263 2.7 3.3 3.6 3.4 94.8 95.6 82.6 93.7 2 S RiTRnnvfiAW . 1 1 Wausait. .'. 2 9 1 Includes the group "individuals." For all industries combined, this table shows a decrease in individual and ' 'all other" forms of owner- ship, but an increase in corporations, in the number of estabHshments, average number of wage earners, and value of products. While the establishments operated by corporations at the census of 1914 formed only 27.7 per cent of the total number of establishments, they reported 83.8 per cent of the total value of manufac- tured pi'oducts. In 1909 such establishments con- stituted 24.9 per cent of the total number reported and 79.8 per cent of the total value of products. In both census periods corporations controlled about four- fifths of the manufacturing activities of the state, as measured either by average number of wage earners or value of products. In 12 of the 20 industries shown separately in this table, a majority of the establish- ments were under corporate ownership. The bread and bakery and the butter, cheese, i-a: milk industries were the only two iir^ 2 Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent. tions did not report the greater part of the products, the estabHshments in the former industry being operated mostly by individuals, and in the latter group of industries by individuals or by corporative associa- tions. In each of the 18 cities reported separately, practically the same condition exists as in the state. The total for these cities shows, both for average num- ber of wage earners and for value of products, 91.2 per cent reported for estabhshments under corporate ownership. Size of establishments. — The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large estabhshments is indicated by the statistics given in Table 15. For 1914, 1,008 estabhshments, or 11 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 879, or 9.1 per cent of the total, for 1909, and 679, or 8 per cent, l>fP^)-??4/-»/^?^ ^^^^ these estabhshments reported 80.4 per cenrTiif me total average number of wage earners 1642 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. and of the total value of products. In the same year the small establishments — those having products of less than $5,000 in value — although representing 28.9 per cent of the total number of establishments, re- ported only nine-tenths of 1 per cent of the total value of products. The establishments having products valued at $100,000 and over reported an increased proportion of the total value of products at each suc- cessive census, from 73.5 per cent in 1904 to 77.2,per cent in 1909, and 80.4 per cent in 1914. Table 15 VALtXE OF PRODUCT. NTJMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS. AVERAGE NUMBER OF -WAGE EARNERS. VALUE OF PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUFACTURE. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9,104 9,721 8,558 194,310 182,683 151,391 $696,172,002 $590,305,538 $411,139,681 $277,756,928 $243,948,955 $183,884,689 Less than $5,000 S5 000 to S20.000 . ■ 2,631 3,213 2,252 896 112 3,071 3,707 2,064 793 - 86 2,955 3,355 1,669 621 68 2,779. >9,109 26,189 90,601 65,632 3,468 11,417 26,965 88,003 52,740 3,598 11,220 26,882 78,326 31,366 6,527,110 35,232,417 94,373,593 256,045,389 302,993,493 7,615,812 39,712,619 86,957,666 227,934,734 228,084,707 7,739,277 33,425,147 67,778,742 177,248,223 124,948,292 3,819,033 11,825,632 32,216,841 107,330,339 122,665,083 4,457,314 13,837,468 32,235,366 102,700,393 90,718,414 4,068,563 12,366,583 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 28,705,365 81,687,022 67,068,066 PER CENT DISTRIBDTION. All classes 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 28.9 35.3 24.7 9.8 1.2 31.6 38.1 21.2 8.2 0.9 34.5 39.2 18.3 7.3 0.7 1.4 4.7 13.5 46.6 33.8 1.9 6.3 14.8 48.2 28.9 2.4 7.4 17.8 51.7 20.7 0.9 6.1 13.6 36.8 43.6 1.3 6.7 14.7 38.6 38.6 1.9 8.1 16.5 43.1 30.4 1.4 4.3 11.6 38.6 44.1 1.8 5.7 13.2 42.1 37.2 2.2 $5,000 to $20,000 6.7 $20 000 to $100,000 16.8 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 44.4 31.0 Table 16 gives, for 1914 and 1909, for 14 of the more important industries, a classification of establishments, wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture, similar to that presented in Table 15, for all industries combined. Table 16 INDUSTRY AUD VALUE OP PRODUCT. Agricultural MENTS Less than $5,000... $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to 8100,000.. 8100,000 and over'. Boots abd shoes, cluding findings. Less than $5,000 $6,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.. -- $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Butter, cheese, and ^ condensed milk Less than $6,000... $5,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100, 000. $100,000 and over 1. Clothing, men's, in- cluding shirts Less than $5,000... $6,000 to $20,000.... $20,000 to $100,000.. $100,000 and over 1. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron PRODUCTS Less than $5,000 $6,000 to 820,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1 ,000,000 and over. . . NUMBER OF ESTABLISH- MENTS. 1914 66 2,431 2,630 113 1,306 923 90 69 lU Floue-mill and mill products... Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. J1,000,000 and over... 252 22 84 115 25 6 1909 68 217 1,646 723 45 94 105 322 16 92 180 27 7 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 34.8 23.9 16.2 26.1 100.0 9.2 13.8 24.6 46.2 6.2 100.0 4.6 53.7 38.0 3.7 100.0 10.2 25 4 30.6 33.9 100.0 30.6 41.4 18.9 5.4 100.0 8.7 33.3 46.6 9.9 2.4 100.0 28.9 20.0 28.9 22.2 100.0 13.2 13.2 26.6 42.6 4.4 100.0 8.2 62.6 27.5 1.7 100.0 21.3 41.6 14.9 22.3 100.0 27.6 46.7 16.2 6.7 2.9 100.0 5.0 28.6 65.9 8.4 2.2 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 3,143 16 61 100 2,976 6,814 7 41 316 3,026 2,426 3,717 46 904 1,418 1,350 3,584 37 232 416 3,372 1,116 15 92 273 237 1909 2,704 U 39 212 2,442 5,431 12 65 503 3,272 1,689 2,863 78 1,124 1,214 447 4,252 79 674 440 3,059 2,780 39 233 240 605 1,184 352 294 452 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.5 1.6 3.2 94.7 100.0 0.1 0.7 5.4 62.0 41.7 100.0 1.2 24.3 38.1 36.3 100.0 1.0 6.5 11.6 100.0 1.2 4.9 8.2 41.3 44.5 100.0 24.6 21.2 44.7 100.0 $20,119,058 0.4 1.4 7.8 90.3 100.0 0.2 1.0 9.3 60.2 29.3 100.0 2.7 42.4 15.6 100.0 1.9 15.9 10.3' 71.9 100.0 1.4 8.4 100.0 0.5 6.8 29.7 24.8 38.2 VALUE OF PRODUCTS. 1914 $11,411,303 41,058 140, 183 341,337 19,696,480 17,832,193 24,068 81,606 839,044 8,961,633 7,925,842 72,858,592 16,198,515 32,903,226 23,370,482 8,688,462 17,547 183,788 723,788 7,763,339 10,202,355 90,801 458,403 778,894 1,382,117 7,492,140 28,697,413 66,650 996,683 4,689,023 5,895,637 17,049,620 1909 33,741 108,374 597,647 10,671,641 13,602,234 21,116 117,643 957,321 7,719,025 4,787,230 63,843,249 750,024 19,089,387 26,172,283 7,831,555 9,405,184 46,900 380,492 643,130 8,334,662 7,136,453 74,809 668,514 729,241 1,295,137 4,468,752 31,667,434 46,736 1,180,087 7,731,494 6,579,875 16,129,242 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 0.7 1.7 97.4 100.0 0.1 0.5 4.7 50.3 44.4 100.0 0.5 22.2 45.2 32.1 100.0 0.2 2.1 8.3 89.4 100.0 0.9 4.5 7.6 13.5 73.4 100.0 0.2 3.5 16.3 20.6 59.4 100.0 0.3 0.9 6.2 93.5 100.0 0.2 0.9 7.0 66.7 35.2 100.0 1.4 35.6 48.6 14.6 100.0 0.5 4.0 100.0 1.0 8.0 10.2 18.1 62.6 100.0 0.1. 3.7 24.4 20.8 60.9 $11,443,424 VALUE ADDED BY MAUUFACTUEE. 1914 22,632 68,723 171,376 11,180,694 5,709,760 12,884 28,733 302,363 1,776,464 3,589,326 7,633,064 35, 591 1,475,887 •2,892,022 3,129,554 3,694,621 13,799 122,540 270,030 3,288,252 4,619,026 66,466 264,268 363,438 513,877 3,430,987 3,717,512 1909 $7,473,967 20,192 49,214 320,241 7,084,320 4,849,398 10,606 41,704 333,043 2,769,764 1,694,291 5,837,619 99,094 2,192,013 2,419,293 1,127,219 3,966,977 40,839 301,668 320,914 3,293,56^ 2,480,265 10,782 162,138 664,332 784,924 2,195,336 45,800 289,172 315,131 473,811 1,366,351 4,629,206 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.2 0.6 1.5 97.7 100.0 0.2 0.5 5.3 31.1 62.9 100.0 0.5 19.6 38.4 41.6 100.0 0.4 3.3 7.3 89.0 100.0 7,996 197,862 1,160,910 783,233 2,489,215 1.2 5.5 7.9 11.1 74.3 100.0 0.3 4.4 15.2 21.1 S9.1 100.0 0.3 0.7 4.3 94.8 100.0 0.2 0.9 6.9 57.1 34.9 100.0 1.7 37.5 41.4 19.3 100.0 1.0 7.6 8.1 83.2 100.0 1.8 11.7 12.7 19.1 54.7 100.0 0.2 4.3 24.9 16.9 63.8 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1643 Table 16— Continued. INDUSTBY AND VALUE OP PRODUCT. FOTTNDRY AND MACHINE- SHOP PRODUCTS Less than $5,000 tS,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1 ,000,000 . $1,000,000 and over. . . Furniture and refrig- ERATOBS Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Hosiery and knit goods L«ss than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000 . $1,000,000 and over. . . Leather, tanned, cur- ried, and finished . . . $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. . Liquors, MALT. Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over. . . Lumber and products Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20.000 $20,000 to $100,000.... $100,000 to $1,000,000. $1,000,000 and over.. . PRDITINe AND publishing Less than $5,000... $5,000 to $20,000.-., $20,000 to $100,000., $100,000 and over.. Slaughtering and meat packing Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 . $1,000,000 and over.. . number of establish- ments. 1914 494 119 119 154 92 10 114 27 3 3 14 7 132 635 203 150 156 119 7 829 478 229 46 1909 444 122 105 135 73 9 32 2 13 11 136 1,020 409 291 190 122 833 233 82 25 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 24.1 24.1 31-. 2 18.6 2.0 100.0 11.4 14.0 36.0 36.0 2.6 100.0 100.0 27.5 23.6 30.4 16.4 2.0 100.0 29.4 13.2 29.4 22.1 5.9 100.0 11.1 11.1 51.9 25.9 100.0 3.0 21.2 45.5 25.0 5.3 100.0 3Z0 23.6 24.6 18.7 1.1 100.0 57.7 27.6 10.4 4.3 100.0 14.9 39.5 36.0 0.8 100.0 29.5 16.4 21.3 29.5 100.0 18.8 6.2 40.6 34.4 100.0 3.7 27.2 42.6 22.8 3.7 lOO.O 40.1 28.5 18.6 12.0 0.8 100.0 59.2 28.0 3.0 100.0 22.9 20.8 22.9 25.0 AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS. 1914 26,521 142 685 3,291 12,085 10,418 11,792 19 91 1,168 7,160 3,374 6,244 31 84 732 2,068 3,329 5,869 21 54 858 4,936 .'),414 686 1,053 3,684 32,282 344 1,000 4,163 21,348 5,4i7 5,653 ,644 1,136 1,560 2,313 2,236 1909 24,219 152 626 2,962 10,686 9,793 11,118 13 145 1,601 9,369 4,282 32 84 467 3,699 7,548 2 60 824 6,664 5,061 4 119 526 1,167 3,246 34,093 718 1,979 5,971 20,632 4,793 5,360 706 1,231 1,614 1,810 336 1,478 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 0.5 2.2 12.4 45.6 39.3 100.0 0.2 0.8 9.8 60.6 23.6 100.0 0.5 1.3 11.7 33.1 63.3 100.0 0.4 0.9 14.6 84.1 100.0 0.1 1.6 10.8 19.4 68.0 100.0 1.1 3.1 12.9 66.1 16.8 100.0 11.4 20.1 27.6 40.9 100.0 100.0 0.6 2.6 12.2 44.1 40.4 100.0 0.1 L3 14.4 84.2 100.0 0.7 2.0 10.9 86.4 100.0 0.8 10.9 88.3 100.0 0.1 2.4 10.4 23.1 64.1 100.0 2.1 5.8 17.5 60.5 14.1 100.0 13.2 23.0 30.1 33.8 100.0 0.6 1.2 2.3 17.8 78.2 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. 1914 $60,698,391 273,795 1,260,018 7,554,364 25,952,826 25,657,388 22,586,631 29,028 171,134 2,117,817 12,242,227 8,026,325 13,292,305 37,646 119,485 1,120,643 4,379,865 7,634,766 42,204,202 30,397 147,267 7,814,375 34,212,163 40,884,284 7,970 357,060 2,999,804 7,794,636 29,724,814 65,362,511 14,455,116 1,216,037 2,145,790 3,805,512 7,287,777 34,697,955 19,268 66,792 876,517 3,931,666 29,814,812 1909 $54,124,000 311,892 1,163,419 6,346,733 22,159,536 24,152,420 18,655,535 Percent distribution. 1914 1909 lOO.O 28,915 208,649 2,393,216 116,024,855 7,843,389 40,545 106,123 623,866 < 7,072,855 44,667,676 8171,561 5,677,690 38,918,535 32,125,919 16,273 430,469 2,547,394 7,928,183 21,203,600 67,969,170 901,849 2,972,767 8,562,021 '34,655,747 10,876,796 11,860,644 1,212,110 2,116,030 3,553,981 4,978,523 27,216,864 0.5 2.1 12.4 42.8 42.3 100.0 100.0 0.6 2.1 11.7 40.9 44.6 100.0 value added by manufacture. 1914 0.1 0.8 9.4 54.2 36.5 100.0 0.3 0.9 8.4 32.9 57.4 100.0 0.1 0.3 18.5 81.1 100.0 W 0.9 7.3 19.1 72.7 100.0 0.8 2.9 12.9 64.2 19.2 100.0 8.4 14.8 26.3 50.4 100.0 0.2 1.1 12.8 85.9 100.0 0.5 1.4 8.0 90.2 100.0 0.4 12.5 87.1 100.0 0.1 1.3 7.9 24.7 66.0 lOO.O 1.6 5.1 14.8 59.8 18.8 100.0 10.2 17.8 30.0 42.0 100.0 0.1 0.5 2.2 11.8 85.4 1909 $32,536,506 185,602 748,811 4,131,403 14,388,546 13,082,244 11,944,523 16,448 101,241 1,115,414 6,736,380 3,976,040 6,267,073 19,574 68,662 629,323 1,788,732 3,870,782 9,151,016 14, 164 41,770 1,789,564 7i 305, 528 27,181,523 5,511 231,206 1,923,891 5,246,476 19,774,439 29,894,018 304,639 895,667 3,733,966 19,152,177 5,807,570 9,607,841 927,770 1,542,836 2,553,173 4,584,062 4,157,115 7,663 17,010 143,825 646,070 3,342,657 $31,590,264 209,464 736,282 3,695,281 12,331,491 14,617,766 9,860,222 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 100.0 100.0 19,082 126,600 1,388,105 8,326,435 3,956,193 20,383 53, 118 323,529 13,659,163 9,839,091 2 46, 192 1,128,010 8,664,889 24,228,235 10,338 299,072 1,824,832 5,812,795 16,281,198 32,381,700 636,325 1,807,194 4,881,382 19,340,702 5,716,097 8,474,688 934,731 1,684,241 2,663,239 3,392,377 3,813,429 9,366 32,378 115, 264 653,015 3,003,406 0.6 2.3 12.7 44.2 40.2 100.0 0.1 0.8 9.3 56.4 33.3 100.0 0.3 0.9 8.4 28.5 61.8 100.0 0.2 0.5 19.6 79.8 100.0 0.9 7.1 19.3 72.7 100.0 1.0 3.0 12.5 64.1 19.4 100.0 9.7 16.1 26.6 47.7 0.7 2.3 11.7 39.0 46.3 100.0 0.2 1.3 14.1 84.4 100.0 0.5 1.3 8.3 90.0 100.0 0.5 11.5 88.1 100.0 1.2 7.5 24.0 67.2 100.0 2.0 5.6 15.1 69.7 17.7 100.0 11.0 18.7 30.2 40.0 100.0 lOOO ^ 0.2 0.2 0.4 3.5 15.5 80.4 0.2 0.8 3.0 17.1 78.8 1 Includes the group "$1,000,000 and over.' ' Includes the group "$20,000 to $100,000.' ' Less than one-tenth ol 1 per cent. The industries selected for presentation in the above table reflect the same condition as that shown for all industries combiried, namely, a concentration into large establishments, those with products valued at $100,000 and over. In the leather industry 99.6 per cent of the value of products was reported by estab- lishments in this class. The remainder of the indus- tries, with the exception of butter, cheese, and con- densed milk and printing and publishing, each re- ported more than 75 per cent of the total value of products as being the output of such estabhshments. For 1914, as compared with 1909, only one industry, foundry and machine shops, shows a decrease in the proportion which this class formed of the total value of products. Comparison of the small , establkh- ments — those with products of less than $5,000— for the same period, shows an increase in the proportion of output for 1914 in only one industry, flour-mills and gristmiUs. The largest proportion of manufactures produced by this class in 1914 was reported by the printing and publishing industry, 8.4 per cent of the value of products, each of the other industries report- ing less than 1 per cent. Table 17 presMits, for 1914, for all industries com- bined in each of the 18 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants, statistics similar to those given in Table 15 for the state as a whole. In the cities the same condition is foimd that pre- vails throughout the state, namely, a preponderance I l/^feS8^® "^ ^^^^ earners, value of products, and 1644 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. value added by manufacture for establishments hav- ing products valued at $100,000 and over. The high- est percentages of total value of products reported by establishments in this class, 94.9 per cent and 92.5 per cent, appear for Kenosha and Racine, respectively; and the lowest, 68..3 per cent, is shown in Madison. Table 17 ■sS ■23 (5 WAOB EAENEE3. VALUE OF PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED B MANUFACTUEE. CITY AND VALUE OP PEODUCT. Si WAGE EAENEES. VALUE OP PEODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUPACTDBE. CITY AND VALUE OP PEODDCT. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Aver- age num- ber. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. Amount. Per cent of total. 107 2,144 100.0 $7,557,673 100.0 $2,797,179 100.0 122 2,084 100.0 $6,206,970 100.0 $3,412,398 100.0 Less than $5,000 Less than $5,000. 32 35 22 18 37 3S 183 405 1,521 797 1.6 8.5 18.9 70.9 100.0 76,258 368,075 1,050,352 6,062,988 1,827,032 1.0 4.9 13.9 80.2 100.0 46,645 210,830 547, 657 1,992,047 749,606 1.7 7.5 19.6 71.2 100.0 42 31 31 18 77 30 116 494 1,444 2,012 1.4 5.6 23.7 69.3 100.0 106,551 367,691 1,495,702 4,237,026 8,460,694 1.7 S.9 24.1 68.3 100.0 76,208 228,170 728,637 2,379,-383 3,102,778 2.2 t5,000 to $20,000 $5,000 to $20,000 6.7 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 21.4 69.7 100.0 Less than $5,000 11 16 4 6 50 10 66 139 582 3,627 1.3 8.3 17.4 73.0 lOO.O 25,274 182,000 349,676 1,270,082 6,927,601 1.4 10.0 19.1 69.5 100.0 12,577 96,338 159,327 481,364 3,914,600 1.7 12.9 21.2 64.2 100.0 24 24 17 9 3 51 20 138 318 902 634 2,112 1.0 6.9 15.8 44.8 31.5 100.0 57,112 240,866 930,153 2,036,666 5,195,897 4,674,473 0.7 2.8 11.0 24.1 61.4 100.0 35,800 148,381 397,064 1,023,730 1,497,813 2,329,662 1.1 $5,000 to $20,000 $5,000 to $20,000 4.8 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over Beloit $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Maedtette 12.8 33.0 48.3 100 16 9 13 12 94 10 53 270 3,194 2,315 0.3 1.5 7.6 90.6 100.0 20,699 106,999 690,886 6,109,017 6,773,829 0.3 1.5 10.0 88.2 100.0 12,921 73,855 351,922 3,475,902 2,566,270 0.3 1.9 9.0 88.8 100.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000 .. 17 13 8 13 1,728 22 52 135 1,903 61,839 1.0 2.5 6.4 90.1 100.0 42,322 124,615 359,514 4,148,022 223,555,142 0.9 2.7 7.7 88.7 100.0 27,616 68,896 153,599 2,079,551 98,679,207 1.2 $20,000 to $100,000 $5,000 to $20,000 3.0 $100,000 and over i EAtrCLAiEE $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over i Milwaukee 6.6 89.3 100.0 Less than $5,000. . 31 27 21 15 100 33 112 364 1,806 1,925 1.4 4.8 15.7 78.0 100.0 83,260 249,818 931,353 5,509,398 6,760,850 1.2 3.7 13.7 81.3 100.0 48,835 111,270 456,697 1,949,468 2,141,994 1.9 4.3 17.8 76.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 559 514 364 246 45 157 530 2,167 6,202 22,858 30,082 5,782 0.9 3.5 10.0 37.0 48.6 100.0 1,381,139 5,044,796 15,833,833 70,470,200 130,825,174 13,889,936 0.6 2.3 7.1 31.5 58.5 100.0 815,842 2,819,382 7,959,233 30,222,317 56,862,433 7,082,946 =^= $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 Fond du Lac $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over 8.1 30.6 57.6 100.0 45 19 25 11 104 46 72 438 1,369 2,724 2.4 3.7 22.8 71.1 100.0 109,885 191,361 1,069,287 5,390,317 6,797.505 1.6 2.8 15.8 79.7 100.0 61,232 77,014 570.777 1,432,971 2,737,511 2.9 3.6 26.6 66.9 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 36 57 39 22 3 189 39 277 672 2,277 2,517 1(^079 0.7 4.8 11.6 39.4 43.5 100.0 96,240 578,952 1,787,050 6,042,366 5,385,328 43, 632, ,384 0.7 4.2 12.9 43.5 38.8 100.0 61,239 320,766 793,920 2,872,295 3,034,726 23,370,865 0.9 $20,000 to $100,000— $5,000 to $20,000 . 4.5 $100,000 and oven $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Eacike 11.2 40.6 42.8 Less than $5,000 32 20 36 16 71 49 98 662 1,915 1,495 1.8 3.6 24.3 70.3 100.0 95,966 181,439 1,794,506 4,725,594 5,659,226 1.4 2.7 26.4 69.5 100.0 57,189 107,541 762,395 ■ 1,810,386 2,592,972 2.1 3.9 27.8 66.1 100.0 100.0 $5,000 to $20,000 38 55 54 36 6 132 34 225 1,158 4,218 4,444 7,152 0.3 2.2 11.5 41.8 44.1 100.0 102,545 570,570 2,635,345 11,766,710 28,557,214 17,509,450 0.2 1.3 6.0 27.0 65.4 100.0 63,282 332,607 1,482,282 5,828,119 15,664,575 8,347,465 0.3 .1.4 $20,000 to $100,000 $5,000 to $20,000 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1.000,000 $1,000,000 and over 6.3 24.9 67.0 15 24 15 17 75 16 101 399 979 7,155 1.1 6.7 26.7 65.5 100.0 43,216 231,565 867,298 4,517,147 28,341,156 0.8 4.1 15.3 79.8 100.0 26,487 141,128 428,604 1,996,753 9,073,731 1.0 5.4 16.5 77.0 100.0 100.0 S5 000 to 320 000 Less than $5,000 $20,000 to $100,000., 29 41 36 22 4 111 37 210 1,096 3,865 1,944 2,121 0.5 2.9 15.3 54.0 27.2 100.0 84,133 469,074 1,813,378 7,667,603 7,475,262 11,662,566 0.5 2.7 10.4 43.8 42.7 100.0 47,161 266,521 884,153 3,684,439 3,465,191 3,216,360 0.6 $100,000 and over $5,000 to $20,000 3.2 TTtp.nO-'^'HA „ ,. $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000..,.. $1,000,000 and over .Supeeioe 10.6 44.1 Less »an $5,000 J5,000lo $20,000 21 30 n 8 5 167 21 94 360 1,256 5,424 3,340 0.3 1.3 5.0 17.6 75.8 100.0 58,064 296,623 1,088,939 3,147,706 23,749,824 14,739,232 0.2 1.0 3.8 11.1 83.8 100.0 36,713 153,030 584,973 1,294,551 7,004,464 6,925,106 0.4 1.7 6.4 14.3 77.2 100.0 100.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over Less than $5,000 40 39 15 17 85 35 152 272 1,662 2,492 1.6 7.2 12.8 78.4 100.0 89,728 416,958 658,842 10,497,038 7,325,304 0.8 3.6 5.6 90.0 100.0 51,807 243,617 336,953 2,583,983 2,795,325 1.6 $5,000 to $20,000 7.6 $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over I Wausau 10.5 80.3 100 Less than $5 000 47 53 45 19 3 52 217 790 1,827 454 1.6 6.5 23.6 54.7 13.6 123,054 508,813 2,050,023 5,740,671 6,316,671 - 0.8 3.5 13.9 38.9 42.9 76,687 304,783 999,703 2,565.921 2.978,012 1.1 4.4 14.4 37.1 43.0 Less than $5,000 $5,000 to $20,000... 31 22 13 19 52 115 362 1,963 2.1 4.6 14.5 78.8 85,583 209,113 653,215 6,377,393 1.2 2.8 8.9 87.1 55,578 121,892 353,126 2,264,729 2.0 $20,000 to $100,000 $5,000 to $20,000 4.4 $100,000 to $1,000,000 $1,000,000 and over $20,000 to $100,000 $100,000 and over 1 12.6 81.0 1 Includes the group " $1,000,000 and over." - Table 18 shows the size of establishment in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed, for all industries combined, for 31 of the more im- portant industries individually, and for each of the 18 cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 19 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 18, and for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Of the total number of estabhshments for all industries in the state combined, 1,234, or 13.6 per cent, employed no wage earners in 1914. These are small estabhshments and for the majorit£}ffll;fl^®6t^ei work is done by the proprietors, firm members, or persons classed as salaried employees. For some of them the number of wage earners employed was so small and the term of employment so short that in computing the average as described in the "Explana- tion of terms" the number was less than 1 person and the estabhshment was classed as one having "no wage earners." The establishments emplojong more than 100 wage earners, although representing only 4.4 per cent of the number in the state, gave employment to 67.1 per cent of the total number of wage earners. For 1909 the establishments in this class formed 3.9 per ^eMi^&SCfff^ and gave employment to 64.5 per cent of the wage earners. MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1645 Table 18 T01A.L. ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — - INBUSTBT AND CITY. No wage earn- ers. lto5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. 21 to 50 wage «amers. 61 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners'. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. 1 1 1 1 i| 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 1 1 1 i & 1 i 1 m $ 42 1 1 All industries 9,104 194,310 1,234 5,369 9,732 1,234 14,168 569 18,621 295 21,420 247 39,659 93 32,139 48 32,310 15 26,261 Agricultural implements 46 43 65 18 30 704 2,431 112 185 35 59- 55 111 29 252 494 114 47 24 68 12 111 27 132 635 117 58 829 5 46 756 1,454 3,457 3,143 4,889 5,814 1,319 1,122 2,197 3,717 2,687 2,638 9,011 3,584 2,242 3,372 2,115 1,116 26,521 11,792 1,240 1,711 6,244 ^,029 1,490 5,869 5,414 32,282 1,390 8,968 5,653 1,637 2,236 2,485 28,383 121,095 3 ...... 22 16 14 41 28 37 8 12 8 10 9 53 61 44 27 5 20 8 23 9 27 127 21 14 6 13 4 8 5 59 143 20 4 125 2 6 75 288 717 91 154 114 145 95 510 484 557 303 67 246 86 245 127 282 1,567 228 173 73 161 48 97 78 717 1,730 189 63 1,330 34 65 708 3,401 8,525 4 5 15 2 6 7 13 28 8 3 13 11 6 7 1 72 27 5 6 9 3 7 5 13 72 4 9 31 148 181 484 63 197 189 430 849 27^ 134 495 375 185 264 40 2,405 833 168 199 345 121 219 171 398 2,214 140 312 1,109 4 1 10 1 2 2 4 10 4 S 12 3 277 72 719 78 159 189 262 669 269 409 844 217 2 . 4 13 3 327 517 2,035 357 2 3 2 2 678 1,333 831 676 1 2 1 1,581 Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including findings 2,604 1 571 1,023 Brass, bronze, and copper products Bread and other bakery products Butter, cheese, and condensed millr. . . . 1 121 372 5 25 1 6 6 1 40 36 3 ...... 11 519 1,990 22 116 5 7 22 70 5 179 173 17 25 1 20 28 998 2,353 46 241 13 23 49 172 8 335 411 41 57 5 38 1 643 2 1 3 3 11 ■ 4 2 2 1 1 31 19 311 188 566 574 1,650 829 334 348 155 173 5,003 2,819 Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies.. Clothing, men's, including shirts Confectionery 1 2 1 2 1 424 531 298 572 410 1 3 1 1 3 2 552 1,803 849 609 2,012 1,291 1 4,404 Copper, tin, and sheetiron products.... Electrical machinery, apparatus, and 4 4 34 16 1 4 9 1 4 6 7 42 4 14 21 270 286 2,446 1,208 52 277 604 86 274 415 456 3,153 338 995 1,568 Flour-mill and gristmill products Foundry and machine-shop products... 11 6 1 3,763 2,010 255 7 4 1 4,240 2,889 535 3 1 6,686 1,764 Gloves apd mlttff^TiR, leather 7 7 2 3 3 3 66 3 19 4 1 1 3 33 147 1,157 1,150 345 480 433 513 9,394 570 3,270 465 174 102 415 5,005 23,282 2 617 4 2 3,329 1,429 Iron and steel, steel works and rolling ttiills 27 ...... 21 13 61 2 45 269 73 84 6 159 618 153 1 3 1 23 336 1,170 353 8,189 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished.. I.innors. maH 2 1 8 1,295 617 5,499 1 2 1 2,301 2,201 Lumber and timber products 1,485 Marble and stone work 10 3,210 2 1,118 Pnntinp and T>"Wis^iTip' , 139 509 1,181 Rubber goods 1 375 1 1,054 4 251 153 427 25 415 736 1,549 69 958 1,580 3,600 6 11 160 330 186 310 5,182 10,931 2 1 63 190 137 94 4,597 13,650 2 1,677 18 64 6,108 •18,674 2 29 1,352 19,287 1 14 1,158 Total for cities 23,246 107 37 50 94 100 104 71 75 167 122 77 51 1,728 157 189 132 111 85 2,144 797 3,527 2,315 1,925 2,724 1,495 7,155 3,340 2,084 2,012 2,112 61,839 5,782 10,079 7,152 2,121 2,492 11 4 7 10 12 7 4 6 17 31 12 3 256 10 12 9 14 2 49 20 13 46 52 43 31 46 83 44 29 25 768 74 77 50 67 42 116 58 24 99 94 107 71 107 225 109 74 68 1,745 198 188 122 118 87 24 6 16 18 19 25 15 8 37 29 21 10 333 37 45 29 24 21 288 60 178 186 222 278 187 111 439 327 249 116 4,092 385 580 306 276 245 10 3 7 7 7 16 10 2 16 10 6 3 170 14 21 18 7 3 339 117 227 232 254 480 311 70 600 382 189 97 5,644 417 763 562 234 113 8 2 2 7 6 4 9 2 5 3 4 4 88 11 11 10 3 11 540 147 131 470 398 211 620 181 392 213 297 313 6,467 810 780 679 186 815 4 1 3 3 3 7 2 4 8 4 3 5 63 7 13 7 5 6 606 115 476 399 535 1,033 306 679" 1,342 678 491 809 9,785 1,159 2,029 1,213 795 832 1 1 265 300 1 599 1 1,892 Eau Claire 3 1 2 929 422 615 2 1 1 2 584 342 375 712 2 1,397 3 4,026 1 19 1 1 3 1 719 12,869 540 552 2,099 612 24 2 7 6 8,318 788 2,363 2,171 7 1 2 13 019 1.485 2,824 1 400 The largest proportions of small establishments, those employing from 1 to 5 wage earners, are shown for bread and other bakery products; butter, cheese, and condensed milk; carriages and wagons and materi- als; copper, tin, and sheet-iron products; flour-mill and gristmill products; gas, illuminating and heating; leather goods; marble and stone work; printing and pubMshing; slaughtering and meat packing; and the tobacco manufacturing industry. Among the cities the highest percentages of the total number of wage earners reported by estabHshtnents employing more than 100 wage earners each, are shown for Kenosha, 93.5, and Eaciae, 77 per cent, respectively. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1646 MANUFACTURE&— WISCONSIN. Table 19 INDUSTRY AND UTT. All industries Agricultural implements.. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. Boots and shoes, including find- ings. Boxes, fancy and paper Brass, bronze, and copper prod- ucts. Bread and other bakery prod- ucts. Butter, cheese, and condensed nulk. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and ma- terials. Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs oy steam- railroad companies. Clothing, men's, including shirts. Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products. Electrical machinery, apparatus, _and supplies. Flour-mlU and gristmill prod- ucts. Foundry and machine-shop products. Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating. . Gloves and mittens, leather Hosiery and knit goods Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OP •WAGE EARNERS IN E.STABLI3HMENT3 EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 5.0 5.6 1.3 1. 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 2.5 2.1 45.4 47.7 63.3 82.4 1.7 2.3 9.1 9.9 0.6 0.9 2.2 1.0 5.1 6.5 0.4 2.9 30.0 37.3 1.5 1 0.3 0.3 4.6 4.5 0.3 1.0 0.6 0.8 2.9 5.0 3.1 2.7 2.0 2.5 11.0 13.5 8.5 8.1 23.2 22.7 13.0 10.0 20.7 27.3 11.5 12.0 0.7 0.1 6.9 13.1 2.6 7.3 10.4 6.0 5.6 25.3 21.4 5.9 5.5 1.9 14.0 15.0 4.3 3.4 2.6 9.6 9.5 4.7 4.7 3.7 2.1 8.0 4.8 6.1 17.6 15.8 8.6 5.7 11.6 3.6 31.6 32.8 10.4 10.3 1.5 0.3 13.8 11.6 16.7 18.4 5.5 4.4 12.5 13.4 3.6 9.1 7.6 7.1 8.6 13.5 13.3 11.6 5.9 5.5 7.2 11.0 12.2 20.4 20.1 6.6 1.5 2.0 12.4 16.9 5.9 31.1 14.2 6.4 8.6 6.1 7.0 4.0 24.9 24.8 10.2 2.0 4.5 4.6 23.5 17.8 9.7 16.0 3.9 12.8 25.6 31.4 9.2 12.0 10.2 13.1 4.2 18.0 16.2 16.0 9.7 12.0 10.4 25.3 10.6 9.3 35.0 37.0 14.2 17.9 5.1 21.1 12.8 21.8*16.1 24.1 18.3 9.9 23.1 15.2 14.9 8.0 10.3 20.3 7.3 15.8 18.9 12.7 23.9 20.5 67.6 34.2 18.4 32.2 501 to 1,000 16.5 18.5 21.6 22.1 27.3 14.3 18.2 51.3 48.8 25.5 24.9 5.9 10.9 8.3 20.5 25.5 54.0 12.2 53.5 14.2 16.9 17.0 26.0 20.6 9.9 25.0 Over 1,000 16.6 13.5 13.4 12.5 34.8 59.'3 9.8 17.0 57.3 42.1 20.0 13.3 23.7 20.8 59.7 54.6 61.0 16.0 15.6 24.5 11.9 43.1 49.3 53.3 19.1 50.3 53.3 23.9 17.6 25.2 28.1 15.0 16.7 INDUSTEY AND aTY. Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills. Leather goods Leather, tanned, -curried, and finished. Liquors, malt Lumber and timber products.. Marble and stone work Paper and wood pulp Printing and publishing Rubber goods Slaughtering and meat packing. Tobacco manufactures All other industries Total for cities appleton Ashland Beloit Eau Claire FoNDDU Lac Green Bay Janesville Kenosha . . ; La Crosse Madison Manitowoc Marinette Milwaukee OSHEOSH Eacine Sheboygan Superior Wausau Cen- sus year. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 1914 PER CENT OF TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBBK OP WAGE EABNERS IN ESTABUSHMENT3 EMPLOYING SPECIFIED NUMBER. 0.2 S.6 2.4 0.1 0.2 2.9 3.7 1.9 3.5 11.0 5.7 20.9 21.2 3.1 3.5 38.6 35. 5.6 6.7 5.4 7.3 0.7 4.3 4.9 4.7 1.5 6.7 6.2 3.7 2.7 2.8 3.4 1.9 1.7 5.6 3.5 2.4 1.8 6.5 7.5 1.3 0.7 13.2 12.3 5.4 6.9 13.6 12.6 0.7 0.5 23.5 25.7 2.9 2.0 12.0 14.5 7.0 13.4 7.5 5.0 8.0 11.5 10.2 12.5 1.6 13.1 15.7 12.4 5.5 6.6 6.7 5.8 4.3 13.0 9.8 6.0 5.2 14.7 6.4 2.9 2.1 7.4 9.7 6.9 9.6 10.1 13.6 3.5 4.2 19.6 20.8 17.9 8.3 10.4 12.5 13.7 18.2 18.2 9.0 15.8 14.7 6.4 10.0 13.2 17.6 20.8 1.0 18.0 18.3 9.4 4.6 9.0 7.2 7.6 7.9 11.0 4.5 4.2 11.1 18.4 7.1 5.2 8.4 5.6 9.8 12.3 24.3 5.0 11.1 17.4 27.7 19.4 6.1 9.9 16.2 18.3 11.3 25.2 18.4 3.7 20.3 20.7 7.7 41.6 2.5 11.7 10.2 14.8 14.8 10.5 14.0 7.7 9.5 8.8 32.7 17.0 6.6 32.2 48.8 7.4 9.6 9.5 9.0 29.1 27.7 41.0 48.7 36.5 45.3 8.2 12.8 10.6 79.7 4.6 5.8 16.7 11.5 17.6 19.6 19.2 14.4 13.5 17.2 27.8 37.9 20.5 9.5 40.2 24.4 38.3 15.8 20.0 20.1 17.0 37.5 33.4 501 to 1,000 25.5 19.9 19.8 6.5 25.4 26.7 14.4 3.5.8 32.6 22.9 21.5 17.7 15.3 11.9 37.6 40.1 21.9 22.6 8.2 10.2 18.0 35.4 is.'s 13.6 23.4 30.4 'i6.'i 70.4 26.7 Over 1,000 48.3 22.1 25.3 11.4 23.7 17.0 6.6 12.5 75.0 68.4 4.8 5.1 15.9 17.0 19.5 34.0 20.8 5.5 29.3 24. 39.2 37.2 40.7 29.3 4.6 6.6 64.4 4.1 19.2 53.6 56.3 21.1 25.7 28.0 Engines and power. — Table 20 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and total horsepower of engines or motors employed in generating power "(including electric motors operated by purchased current). The table also shows sep- arately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the estabhshments reporting. Table HO Primary power, total . Owned Steam engines and turbines ' Internal-combustion engines Water wheels, turbines, and motors . Rented •Electric. Other.... Electric Rented Generated by establishments reporting. NUMBER. OF ENGINES OR MOTORS. 1911 , 1909 18,588 7,609 5,052 1,564 993 10,979 10,979 23,920 10,979 12,941 11,561 7,660 4,974 1,578 1,108 3,901 3,901 11,402 3,901 7,501 1904 6,894 6,894 4,626 1,037 1,231 « 2,9( HORSEPOWER. Amount. 1914 682,339 596,864 420,065 28,004 148,795 85,475 79,984 S,491 255,668 79,984 175,684 1909 554,179 527,431 378, 169 19,531 129,731 26,748 25,459 1,289 114,725 25,459 89,266 1904 440,234 429,810 305,789 11,356 112,665 10,424 8,558 1,866 48,878 8,558 40,320 Per cent distribution. 1914 1909 1904 100.0 87.5 61.6 4.1 21.8 12.5 11.7 0.8 100.0 31.3 68.7 100.0 95.2 68.2 3.5 23.4 4.8 4.6 0.2 100.0 22.2 77.8 100. 97.0 69.4 2.6 25. & 2.4 1.9 0.4 100. 17.5 82.S. » Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the bead of " other " owned power. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® ' Not reported. MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1647 This table shows an increase in primary power of 128,160 horsepower, or 23.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914. The use of rented power, now ahnost wholly electric, has greatly increased since 1904, when it represented only 2.4 per cent of the total primary power reported. In 1909 the amomit of rented power had increased to 4.8 per cent of the total and in 1914 to 12.5 per cent of the total. The use of electric motors run by current generated within the same establishments also shows a large increase, the horse- power of such motors having increased 96.8 per cent from 1909 to 1914. In spite of the great increase in rented power, owned power increased by 38.9 per cent during the decade 1904-1914 and by 13.2 per cent during the last five- year period. This was due in part to the fact that some of the large factories have installed electricity as emergency power, while others are using electrio power and hold the steam engines for emergency. The use of internal-combustion engines increased rapidly during the decade, but not so rapidly as that of rented electric power. The horsepower of internal- combustion engines, however, represented only 4.1 per cent of the total primary power reported in 1914. Fuel.— Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures, is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise xised in the manufacturing processes. Table 21 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for selected industries in the state as a whole, and for all industries combined in each city. Table 2 1 INDUSTBY AND CITZ. All industries. Agricultural implements Automobiles, including bodies and parts Boots and shoes, including findings. Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. . Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. Canning and preserving Carriages and wagons and materials Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames Clothing, men's, including shirts Confectionery Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies Flour-mill and gristmill products.. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts Furniture and refrigerators Gas, illuminating and heating Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and rolling mills Leather goods Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished Lime Liquors, malt Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 98,331 1,561 3,126 5,194 2,637 966 801 113 154 13S 605 180 50 2,874 8,200 491 425 834 42 600 5,570 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). 3,537,183 29,342 41,790 10,866 26,418 5,615 124,989 18,073 23,422 161,361 3,158 10,094 41,211 17,156 45,643 295,023 70,061 242,174 10,912 66,701 4,776 129,946 11,091 205,817 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.) 340,460 6,340 1,462 115 1,209 7,393 2,658 182 628 1,656 3,140 117 586 5,140 1,095 157 3,436 12, 870 212,484 3,110 75 7 171 Oil in- cluding (bar- rels.) 236,055 6,403 16,875 151 18,911 199 182 2,335 1,032 1,269 1,345 22 16,907 628 1,612 72,813 2,624 41,559 10,869 14 7 490 196 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 383,916 8,854 33,527 2,709 3,610 14,850 151 1,436 2,879 " 1,432 28,462 10,214 98,403 58,373 21,911 4,977 1,052 825 ""740 INDtlSTET AND CITY. Lumber and timber products. Malt. Paper and wood pulp Frmting and publishing. Eubber goods Slaughtering and meat packing. . . Woolen, worsted, and felt goods, and wool hats All other industries Total for the cities. Appleton Ashland Beloit Eau Claiee... Fond du Lac. Green Bat. Janesville. . Kenosha La Ckosse.. Madison Manitowoc. Marinette.. MaWAUKEE . OSHKOSH. . . . Kacine Sheboygan. Superior Wausau Anthra- cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). 1,515 23,311 795 1,849 100 623 35,584 52,937 2,423 464 1,014 255 1,302 29 4.374 468 6,342 68 29,320 511 3,296 1,464 275 Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.) 68,192 78,964 512,641 7,112 26,660 56,389 14,895 1,149,446 2,185,750 73,315 14,624 28,940 26,907 22,534 62,566 18, 950 110,054 59.759 22,198 34,398 16,408 1,399,104 33,555 145,419 66,246 35, 458 15,315 Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.) 45 2,628 1,738 11,906 189,874 630 268 11,149 1,242 637 853 2,316 4,171 1,246 5,604 2,217 140,629 1,399 9,918 6,292 547 962 Oil in- cluding gasoline (bar- rels.) 1,531 277 14,600 19 14 66 22,382 133,925 834 74 53,684 913 16,414 71 62 20 Gas (1,000 cubic feet). 4,667 21,188 24,951 40 751 91 37,646 347,407 1,505 306 1,669 57 4,426 3,413 213 1,641 801 1,770 1,182 370 3,143 1,266 31,047 23,647 532 3,.076 17,335 5,340 420 497 260,691 2,207 18,411 22,504 1,680 211 SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantities and values of products, and other information for which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for nine important industries and power laundries in Wisconsin are here presented. Butter, cheese, and condensed milk. — The following table gives the quantity and value of the various products of the industry for 1914, 1909, and 1904: The manufacture of dairy products in Wisconsin has increased rapidly during the past .15. years^ g,nd the industry ranked first in the gross mi§ldU^f^ at the census of 1914. As shown ia Table 2 it was outranked by 11 other industries in the munber of wage earners employed and by 9 in the value added by manufacture. The number of establishments engaged primarily in the manufacture of butter decreased from 902 in 1904 to 675 in 1914, but the number of cheese factories increased from 1,454 to 1,739 and the condensed-milk establishments from 4 to 17 during the decade. The value of the butter manufactured constituted 44.6 per cent of the total product for the combined iudustrv in JL914, 56.2 per cent in 1909, and 62.2 per that of cheese, 38.6, 39.4, and 35.1 1648 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. per cent, respectively; and that of condensed and evap- orated milk, 13.5, 4.1, and 1.1 per cent, respectively. Table 22 1914 1909 1904 $72,858,592 $53,843,249 $29, 994, 791 Butter: 116,149,284 $32,476,633 89,745,906 $24,981,447 26,403,378 $7,494,188 7,449,330 $800,226 205,920,915 $28,124,073 195,520,031 $27,333,907 3, 547, 700 $471,804 6,853,184 $318,362 149,682,530 $9, 850, 522 62,798,619 $4,446,798 24,812,784 $1, 479, 486 62,071,127 $3,924,238 3,596,145 $169, 416 $1,196,705 $252,017 103,884,684 $29,547,135 77,137,253 $21,833,972 26, 747, 431 $7,713,163 4,490,508 $545,723 148,065,648 $21,141,640 147,071,501 $21,070,010 229,892 $19,406 764,256 $62,226 30,573,886 $2,218,239 16,661,772 $1,240,398 1 13,912,114 f $977, 841 89, 165, 975 Value $18,433,202 Packed solid— • 69, 166, 599 Value $14,146,383 Prints or rolls- Pounds . 19, 989, 376 Value $4,287,819 Cream sold: Pounds 731, 721 $61,623 Cheese: 109,423,856 Value $10, 488, 853 Full cream^ Pounds Value Part cream- Pounds 109, 423, 856 810, 488, 863 Value Condensed and evaporated milk; Pounds 11, 514, 222 $798, 239 10, 389, 856 Value $736, 504 Unsweetened — Pounds 1,124,366 $62, 735 Value Powdered milk: $287,514 $102,998 $207,874 16,000 Of tlie total amount of butter manufactured in 1914, 76.9 per cent was packed solid in &kins or tubs and 23.1 per cent in prints or roUs. During the decade the amount of butter packed solid increased by 20,579,307 pounds, or 29.8 per cent, and that put up in prints or roUs, by 6,414,002 pounds, or 32.1 per cent. Of the total production of cheese, 94.9 per cent was "fuU cream," and during the 10 years the quantity increased by 96,497,059 poimds, or 88.2 per cent. In the manufacture of condensed and evaporated milk there was an increase of 138,168,308 pounds during the 10 years from 1904 to 1914. Of the amount manufactured in 1914, 42 per cent was sweetened condensed milk; 16.6 per cent, unsweetened; and 41.5 per cent, evaporated. At the censuses prior to 1914 only the total for unsweetened and evaporated milk was shown, therefore comparable figures can not be given for separate products. The combined quan- tities show an increase of 85,759,545 pounds during the 10-year period. The item of "other butter, cheese, and condensed- mUk factory products" includes the value of skimmed milk, buttermilk, casein, and whey sold ; also the value of milk which was sold as such. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 23 gives the quantities and values of the flour-mill and gristmill products for the last three census years. Wheat flour was the product of chief value at each of the three censuses and formed 48.2 per .ceut. of tl^e^ total value of products for the industryMflQfwifZjSr flour formed 7.8 per cent; buckwheat flour, 0.9 per cent; corn meal and com flour, 2.1 per cent; hominy and grits, 5.3 per cent; bran and middlings, 8.3 per cent; and feed and offal, 26.6 per cent. The quantity of wheat flour decreased 12.7 per cent from 1909 to 1914. Table Z3 1914 1909 1904 $28,697,413 $31,667,434 $28,352,237 MTieat flour: Barrels 3,056,954 $13,817,821 561,475 $2,248,927 8,506,653 $262,111 1,533,447 $20,941 168,531 $610,958 94,955,277 $1,633,907 462,966 $12,000 106,354 $2,388,866 269,465 $7,622,990 1,238,242 $36,187 $89,591 $53,124 3,499,965 $17, 909; 089 549,' 359 $2,194,220 9,330,781 $300,929 6,817,400 $91,494 85,532 $287,740 12,707,800 $179, 147 3,744,373 $17,611,009 547,097 Eye flour: Value $1,990,327 15,980,819 $416,517 3,439,960 $38, 110 95,801 $246,651 Buckwheat flour: Pounds Value Barley meal: Pounds Value Com meal and com flour: Value . .. Hominy and grits: Value Oatmeal: Pounds Value Bran and middlings: Tons (■) 402,784 $10,086,448 (') (1) Peed and offal: 429, 152 Value $7,949,623 Breakfast foods: Pounds Value All other cereal products, value $31,667 $686,700 All other products, value $100,000 1 Included in "teed and offal." In 1914 the mills of the state were equipped with 1,556 stands of rolls, 100 nms of stone, and 239 attri- tion mills. Four establishments manufactured barrels and one made sacks to be used as containers. Slaughtering and meat packing. — Table 24 presents statistics of the quantity and value of the principal products of the wholesale slaughtering and meat- packing estabUshments of the state as reported for the census periods 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 24 Total value. Fresh meat: Beef- Pounds Value Veal— Pounds Value Mutton and lamb- Pounds Value Pork- Pounds Value Edible oflal and all other fresh meat^ P oimds Value Pork, pipkled and other cured: Pounds Value : . Sausage: Pounds Value Lard: Pounds Value Tallow, oleo stock, and stearin: Pounds Value Soap stock: Pounds ^ (See footnotes on 1914 $32, 180, 684 32,956,273 $3,-766,939 8,010,982 $1,123,926 2,277,872 $274,853 41,073,293 $5,049,986 4,632,879 $304, 196 99,775,805 $13,432,798 11, 958, 878 $1, 454, 827 37,014,963 $3,987,217 1,472,078 $120, 636 4,177,384 $236, 282 1909 $26, 702, 123 35,859,863 ■ $2,605,870 9,615,384 $1,110,373 2,060,498 $194,705 48,264,738 $4,802,343 1,440,143 $103,902 106,390,708 $11,699,374 10,737,835 $961, 725 19,173,185 $2,120,334 2 1, 530, 506 2 $126, 075 19041 $16,060,423 28,643,346 $1,712,783 2,594,829 $201,725 2,389,517 $172, 180 35,997,546 $2,447,493 350,000 $26,500 100,474,432 $8,345,852 12,621,837 $939,509 16,859,549 $1,193,044 opposite page.) MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1649 Table 24— Continued. 1914 1909 1904 Sausage casings: Pounds 1, 106,800 $160,602 4,507 $149,761 70,900 4,080,857 $681,747 77,727 868,228 $163,265 60,092 $64, 708 $1,230,952 / (») 5,703 $151,984 90,268 4,613,282 $590,057 47,917 $53,386 $1,182,995 3,192 $73,795 Value Fertilizers and fertilizer materials: Tons Value Hides and pelts: Cattle- Number Pounds Value 60,459 3,556,922 $323,231 Calf- Number Pounds Sheep- 55,846 $57,553 $566, 768 Value All other products, value 1 Excludes figures for two establishments to avoid disclosure of individual opera- tions. 3 No stearin manufactured. » Not reported separately. The eatablistnaents assigned to the industry slaugh- tered during 1914, 70,900 beeves, 101,936 calves, 60,124 sheep and lambs, and 1,110,449 hogs. The value of the slaughtering and meat-packing products of the state increased 25.2 per cent during the five-year period 1909-1914, although the quantity of fresh meat, pickled and cured pork, sausage' and lard, increased by 4,157,591 pounds, or 1.8 per cent. The item "all other products" includes the value of cured beef, dressed game, lard compounds and substitutes, oleo oil, meat puddings, scrapple, head cheese, etc., hoofs, horns, horntips, etc., and goat, kid, and other skins. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. — The follow- ing table shows the quantity and value of the principal materials and products reported for the leather indus- try at the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 25 MATEK14XS. Total cost Cattle hides: Number Cost Galf and kip skins: Number Cost All other raw stock, cost Fuel and rent of power, cost All othermaterlals, cost PKODTTCTS. Total value Leather: Sole^value Hemlock — Sides Value Union- Sides Value Chrome — Sides Value Harness — Sides Value Cattle side upper- Sides Value Calf and kip skins- Number Value AH other, value All other products, value Work on materials for others, value. . 82101°— 18 104 1914 $33,053,186 2,185,178 $17,658,109 4,660,863 $10,620,920 $1,038,746 $378,948 $3,356,464 $42,204,202 $7,646,946 328,149 $2,111,270 694, 474 $4,849,109 99,421 $686,567 631,787 $4,523,612 2,564,902 $10,472,343 4,804,167 $14,066,192 $4,371,577 $1,088,234 $36,398 1909 $34,828,585 2, 471, 848 $16,373,708 6,986,673 $12,379,806 $1,321,192 $386,034 $4,367,845 $44,667,676 $4,414,972 558,474 $2,885,899 280,897 $1,529,073 1,331,925 $7,987,575 3,001,814 $9,765,814 7,016,966 $17,306,021 $4,218,633 $727,112 $247,549 1904 319,870,887 2,457,195 $11,027,774 3,633,271 $4,816,826 $119,029 $253,840 $3,653,418 $25,845,123 $4,231,785 1,038,181 $3,974,016 53,350 $257,769 1,604,944 $6,097,651 1,927,329 $4,763,787 3,564,723 $6,940,331 $3,258,934 $537,010 $15,625 While the industry increased during the period from 1904 to 1909, there was a decrease for 1914, as com- pared with 1909. The total cost of the materials used decreased 5.1, per cent; the number of cattle hides treated, by 11.6 per cent; and calf and kip skins, by 33.4 per cent. There was a decrease of 5.5 per cent in the total value of products during the five years ending with 1914. There was, however, an increase in the quantity and value of some of the products. The quantity of sole leather increased by 33.7 per cent and its value by 73.2 per cent. The increase was nearly all in union sole leather; chrome shows a small increase, while hem- lock decreased, owing to a falling off in the supply of hemlock bark. There was a decrease of 52.6 per cent in the quantity and 43.3 per cent in the value of har- ness leather, also of 23.6 per cent in quantity and 13.4 per cent in value of cattle side upper. All other leather and all other products • show an increase in 1914, as compared with 1909, of 28.3 per cent and 49.7 per cent, respectively. Footwear. — The number of pairs of the different kinds of boots and shoes made in 1914, 1909, and 1904, is given in the following table: Table 26 NITMBEB OF PAIES. 1914 1909 1904 8,017,963 6,777,363 3,951,542 6,000,827 865, 138 1,336,625 816,473 135,999 4,055,496 662,109 1,442,341 627,417 204,872 2, 064, 125 548,867 737,567 600,983 269,942 Boys' and youths' MissRq' anri chilrtrOTi'p Men's,boys', and youths'.. . 21, 515 114,484 39,018 166,864 41,288 228,654 Women's, misses', and children's. . . 170,332 68,688 146, 319 169,076 186,984 Another , 1 Not reported separately. The production for 1914 in each variety of footwear shown in this table was a considerable increase over the quantities reported for preceding censuses. The total output for all kinds of boots and shoes in 1914 exceeded that of 1909 by 1,240,600 pahs, or 18.3 per cent. In 1914 men's boots and shoes formed 62.4 per cent; boys' and youths', 10.8 per cent; women's, 16.7 per cent; and misses' and children's, 10.2 per cent of the total production. Table 27 shows the number of pairs of the different kinds of footwear made in 1914 and 1909, classified according to method of manufacture. The McKay type formed 39.3 per cent; welted, 30.5 per cent; and turned and wood or metal fas- tened, 30.1 per cent, of the total number manufac- tured in 1914. The manufacture of welted and McKay both show increases, 38.3 per cent and 60.5 per cent, respec- tively, as compared with 1909, while the turned and Digitiz b d by M1^F6SUft^^ fastened types show a decrease of 20.6 1650 MANUFACTURER-WISCONSIN. per cent. "All other footwear" includes slippers and fiber shoes. The kinds are not segregated according to method of manufacture, as it would disclose opera- tions of individual establishments. Table »7 Cen- sus year. NUMBEE OF PAIRS, BY METHOD OF MANOTACTCEE. sun). Total. Welted. McKay. Turned and wood or metal fastened. Boots and shoes .... 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 8,017,963 6,777,363 2,448,789 1, 770, 558 3,152,510 1,963,483 2,416,664 3,043,322 Men's 5,000,827 4,066,496 865,138 652,109 1,336,526 1,442,341 816,473 627,417 2,032,552 1,353,362 128,627 79,093 227, 113 320,383 60,497 17,720 1,474,653 433,309 387,357 249,697 573,427 750,338 717,073 630, 139 1,493,622 Boys' and youths' 2,268,825 349,154 323,319 535,985 371,620 37,903 79,558 Misses' and children's All other footwear • . . 364,919 519,266 61,635 56,395 151,815 159,953 161 469 303,918 Paper and wood pulp. — Wisconsin is one of the lead- ing states in this industry, ranking fourth in 1914 in the value of paper and pulp manufactmred. The fol- lowing table shows the quantity and cost of materials used, the quantity and value of the products, and the number and capacity of the principal machines used, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, and 1904: Table 28 1914 1909 1901 MATERIALS. Total cost $20,668,088 $16,692,566 $10,692,290 Pulp wood, cost... $5,586,791 164,083 $5,830,271 53,827 $1,188,212 11,184 $474, 198 89,962 $3,796,335 8,446 $354,899 674 $16,627 17,222 $624,700 39,947 $872,869 $535,734 $7,117,723 $S1,205,395 $4,325,839 157,416 $5,511,750 64,959 $1,457,025 7,573 $338,621 84,884 $3,716,104 ?^ 19,741 $696,664 29,607 $591,019 $136,496 $5,531,907 $26,962,099 $2,502,892 107,479 $3,385,165 43,814 $876,180 5,164 $218,608 58,611 $2,290,367 0) Wood pulp, purchased: Tons Cost Ground- Tons Cost Soda fiber- Tons Cost.. . Sulphite fiber- Tons Cost Sulfate fiber- Tons Cost. . (■) (■) (1) Screenings, chemical- Tons Cost Rags, including cotton and flax waste and sweepings: Tons 24,615 Cost $692,331 8,412 Old and waste paper: Tons Cost $169,626 $314,253 $3,628,033 $17,844,174 All other materials, including fuel, cost.. PRODUCTS. News paper: Tons 135,336 $6,551,537 2,766 $218,998 75,183 $6,164,706 31,694 $3,769,713 145,584 $7,766,319 16,356 $1,515,482 169,161 $7,201,706 68,706 $3,881,708 27,379 $3,271,402 98,083 $6,083,757 10,835 $988,516 Value Poster paper: Tons 121, 749 $6,187,636 Value Book, cover, plate, and coated paper: Tons . - . 52,283 $2,839,787 17,333 $2,066,243 94,464 $4,200,058 6,989 $571,378 Value Writing and other fine paper: Tons Value Wrapping paper: Value Tissues: Tons Value Digitized by Microsort^ Table 28— Continued. PRODUCTS — continued. other paper products: Tons:...:. Value Wood pulp inade for sale or for consump- tion in mills other than where pro- duced: Tons Value All other products, value Wood gulp produced (including that used in mills where manufactured), total tons Ground, tons Sulphite fiber, tons Sulphatefiber, tons Screenings, mechanical and chem- ical, tons EQUIPMENT. Paper machines: Total number Capacity, yearly, tons Fourdrinler— Number Capacity per 24 hours, tons.. Cylinder — Number Capacity per 24 hours, tons.. Pulp eguipment: Grmders — Number Capacity, yearly, tons Digesters- Number Capacity, yearly, tons 1914 66,107 $2,830,453 130,857 $4, 164, 159 $234,029 404,766 189,221 188, 797 24,633 2,116 117 537,857 106 1,564 11 267 252 202,483 66 247, 762 1909 24,506 $914,835 111,683 $3,711,517 $908,668 321,213 166, 822 154,391 (') (') 99 431,763 91 1,315 8 108 233 270,561 S3 167, 121 1904 4,796 $205,656 89,277 $2,754,203 $19,214 241,637 '124,746 116, 791 (') (') 93 345,879 88 1,112 197 193,720 50 141,325 ■ Not reported separately. * Includes 3,^744 tons of soda fiber. The total cost of all materials increased 23.2 per cent from 1909 to 1914 and 56.1 per cent from 1904 to 1909. Of the 714,094 cords of pulp wood used in 1914, 343,250 cords, or 48.1 per cent, were hemlock; 291,332 cords, or 40.8-per cent, spruce; 32,483 cords, or 4.5 per cent, balsam fir; and 47,029 cords, or 6.6 per cent miscellaneous. During the decade there was an increase in both quantity and value for all of the products for which separate totals are given. There was, however, a de- crease in the production of news paper and poster paper during the five-year period ending with 1914. Of the total value of products in 1914 news paper represented 17.8 per cent; poster paper, 0.7 per cent; book paper, 16.6 per cent; writing and other fine pa- per, 12.1 per cent; wrapping paper, 24.9 per cent; tissues, 4.9 per cent; and other paper products, 9.1 per cent; wood pulp made for sale, 13.3 per cent; and " aU other products," 0.7 per cent. The number and capacity of the paper machines in use in the state show a steady increase from census to census. Printing and publishing. — The following table shows the number and aggregate circulation of the various classes of newspapers and periodicals pub- lished in Wisconsin in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 29 PERIOD OP ISSUE. Total . Daily Sunday Semiweekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly All other classes.. NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS. 1914 1909 1904 66 8 19 486 56 6 8 23 612 66 6 711 66 9 37 538 S2 5 AGGREGATE CIRCULATION PER ISSUE. 1914 2,150,934 616, 207; 130, 973, 267, 6, 60, 1909 2,121,662 1904 2,077.826 401,886 307,118 130,778 126,238 42,708 194,230 ,012,502 902,467 468,088 600,046 14,800 23,380 50,900 24,347 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1651 During eacli of the five-year periods covered by this table, there was a decrease in the total number of publications in the state but a slight increase in aggregate circulation. The daihes show the largest increase in circulation, 113,333, or 28.2 per cent; the largest per cent, 58.8, of increase is shown by the Sunday editions. The week- lies, which constitute the largest class both in number and in circulation, decreased in both respects from 1909 to 1914, although from 1904 to 1909 there was an increase in circulation. In 1914, 12 of the 66 daily papers, with an aggregate circulation of 105,550, were issued as morning edi- tions. Of the 648 pubHcations reported, 86 were printed in foreign languages. These included 6 dailies of which 2 were printed in Polish, 1 in Finnish, and 3 in German; 2 Sunday editions, 1 in German and 1 in Polish; 12 semiweekUes, 11 of which were printed in German and 1 in Swedish; 53 weekhes, of which 37 were in German, 4 each in Bohemian, Nor- wegian, and Pohsh, and 1 each in Dutch, Swedish, English and German, and English and Italian; 11 monthlies, 7 of which were in German, 1 in Danish, 1 in Finnish, 1 in Norwegian, and 1 in English and Ger- man; and 2 belonging to "all other classes," 1 semi- monthly in Finnish and 1 bimonthly in German. These publications in foreign languages reported an aggregate circulation per issue of 563,136, represent- ing 26.2 per cent of the total for the state. Automobiles, including bodies and parts. — Table 30 shows the number and value of the different kinds of machines manufactured in the state during 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 30 1914 1909 1901 Num- ber. Value. Num- ber. Value. Num- ber. Value. Total value - . '$18,478,196 $11,440,242 2 $1,875, 259 AutomobUes (gaso- line) 10,030 9,293 8,825 468 737 12,751,616 11,511,693 10,831,327 680,366 1,239,923 5,726,580 5,591 5,559 [^ 32 7,085,562 7,050,862 (<) W 34,700 4,354,680 5 2,390 2,378 12 1,856,694 1,846,294 10,400 18,565 Passenger vehi- cles Touring cars All other.... Business vehi- des (delivery wagons and trucks) All other products, including bodies and parts and re- 1 In addition, one establishment, engaged primarily in the manufacture of agri- cultural implements, manufactured a large number of automobiles, valued at several million dollars. , . , . „ 2 Excludes the statistics for two establishments, engaged m the manufacture of automobile bodies and parts, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. s Electric machines included, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. * Not shown separately. The automobile industry in the state developed rapidly during the period 1909 to 1914. The table, however, does not show the magnitude of the industry in 1914, because a large production was reported by an estabhshment engaged primarily in the manufacture of agricultural implements, and the totals can not be shown without disclosing its operations. (See Table 30, note 1.) Carriages and wagons and materials. — Table 31 shows the number and value of the different kinds of carriages and wagons manufactured in 1914, 1909, and 1904. Table 31 1914 1909 1904 Total value . , . . - $7,544,321 $8,899,171 $8,089,491 Carriages (family and pleasure): Number 5,314 $450,882 81,238 $4,276,339 35 $11,636 11,221 $252,311 $2,553,153 24,726 $1,519,096 92,011 $4,853,661 90 $33,390 17,720 $399,310 $2,093,814 23,466 Value $1,520,841 83,916 Wagons (business, farm, etc.): Value $4,396,693 103 Public conveyances: Value $39,720 15,365 Sleighs and sleds: Value. $343,509 $1,788,728 All other products, including parts and The industry has decHned constantly since 1904; the decrease in the number of estabhshments amounted to 54.6 per cent and in the value of products, 15.2 per cent. laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables or in the totals for all manufacturing industries. Table 32, however, summarizes this data for Wisconsin for 1914 ^nd 1909. Table 32 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members.. Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) Primary horsepower Capital Salaries and wages Salaries Wages Paid for contract work Rent and taxes Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWER LAUNDEIES. Number or amount. 1914 150 2,645 161 219 2,265 3,175 $1,794,553 1,140,965 201,026 939,939 3,002 83, 481 526, 486 2,353,183 1909 147 2,332 159 159 2,014 2,373 $1,379,730 863,595 127,038 736,557 55,426 331,907 1,840,327 Per cent of In- crease, 1909-1914 2.0 13.4 1.3 37.7 12.5 33.8 30.1 32.1 58.2 27.6 50.6 58.6 27.9 In 1914 Wisconsin ranked fifteenth among the states in amount received for work done and sixteenth in number of persons engaged in the industry. There was an increase of 27.9 per cent in the amount re- ceived for work done and 12.5 per cent in the average number of wage earners. Establishments owned by ioidividuals reported 21.3 per cent of the amount re- ceived for work done; those owned by corporations, 60.6 per cent; and those under other forms of owner- ship, 18.1 per cent. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1652 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 33 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the number of wage earners employed in the laundries on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, and the percentage which this number represents of the great- est number employed in any month of the same year. Table 33 January. . . February.. March AprU May Jime July August September October... November. December. "WAGE EARNERS Number. 1911 1909 2,187 1,921 93.0 2,184 1,917 92.9 2,199 1,936 93.5 2,190 1,937 93.1 2,253 1,987 95.8 2,302 2,035 97.9 2,352 2,136 100.0 2,349 2,138 99.9 2,311 2,105 98.3 2,279 2,030 96.9 2,285 2,009 97.2 2,296 2,018 97.6 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 89.9 89.7 90.6 90.6 92.9 95.2 99.9 100.0 98.5 94.9 94.0 94.4 Table 34 gives statistics as to kinds and amounts of power used in the laundries of the state in 1914 and 1909, together with increase for the five-year period. Table 35 shows the kinds and quantities of fuel used in the laundries, as reported at the censuses of 1914 and 19/)9, with percentages of increase. Table 34 NUMBER OF HORSEPOWER. KIND. ENGINES OR MOTORS. Amount. Per cent 1914 1909 1914 1909 of in- crease,' 1909- 1914. Primary power, total 251 179 3,175 2,373 33.8 Owned 120 118 2 131 131 130 123 7 49 49 2,696 2,690 6 479 439 40 2,137 2,104 33 236 220 16 26.2 27.9 103.0 Electric . 99.5 Other Electric— generated in establishments re- 148 35 472 102 362.7 1 Percfentages are omitted where base is less than 100. Table 35 Unit. QUANTITY. Per cent of in- KIND. 1914 1909 crease,' 1909- 1914. Ton. 2,240 pounds.. Ton 2,000 pounds. . Ton, 2,000 pounds.. 1,951 28,799 4 296 29,729 170 25,349 214 18,316 9,973 1,047.6 Bituminous coal 13.6 Coke -98.1 Oil -98.4 1,000 cubic feet 198.1 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease. GENEEAI TABLES. Table 36 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of establishments, average number of wage earners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state and in the city having 50,000 inhabitants or more; and for the cities having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants, similar data for all industries combiaed. Table 37 presents, for 1914, in the state as a whole and in the city with 50,000 inhabitants or more, statistics in detaU for each industry that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual establish- ments, and the statistics for aU industries combined for each of the cities in the state having from 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants. Table 36 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- hsh- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value ol prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 9,104 9,721 8,558 194,310 182,583 151,391 682,339 554, 179 440,234 $112,193 93,905 71,472 $417,415 346,357 227,255 $695,172 590,306 411,140 Boxes, fancy and paper... Brass, bronze, and copper products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 18 15 12 30 33 19 1,319 824 490 1,122 1,289 765 1,554 331 332 7,053 6,102 (') $535 262 128 674 751 406 $1, 119 639 214 4,395 3,514 1,423 $2,327 1,317 498 Agricultural implements. - 46 45 52 3,143 2,704 3,569 9,196 7,301 6,966 2,198 1,506 1,886 8,676 3,937 3,520 20,119 11,411 10,077 5,409 6,387 2,215 Artiiicial stone products . . 1914 1909 1904 130 119 20 404 377 48 736 669 92 245 189 25 278 235 42 714 624 112 Bread and other bakery products. 1914 1909 1904 704 667 532 2,197 1,751 1,714 1,276 944 626 1,248 929 765 4,536 4,023 3,161 8,058 6,872 5,381 Automobiles, including bodies and parts. 1914 1909 1904 43 30 6 4,889 4,298 620 9,827 3,153 645 3,908 2,733 300 10,465 6,340 845 18,478 11,440 1,876 Brick, tile, pottery, and other clay products. 1914 1909 1904 2 78 108 141 875 1,027 1,638 4,293 5,640 5,951 452 610 686 342 282 553 1,230 1,191 1,848 Awnings, tents, and sails.. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 23 16 4 65 68 62 8 7 6 84 66 32 6,814 5,431 3,494 166 186 193 36 26 9 3,932 2,923 1,686 231 261 214 37 31 16 2,716 2,243 1,326 46 56 . 48 130 93 39 12, 122 8,763 4,417 118 139 131 228 179 70 17,832 13,602 6,844 266 283 247 Brooms, from broom com. Brushes, exclusive of paint and varnish. Butter, cheese, and con- densed milk. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 26 30 m 11 14 « 2,431 2,630 2,360 96 101 58 75 51 63 160 190 266 313 Boots and shoes, includ- ing findings. 129 142 155 169 62 52 93 80 Z70 249 Boxes, cigar 3,717 2,863 2,298 23,365 16,467 15,276 2,712 1,877 1,328 65,326 48,006 26,406 72,859 53,843 29,996 1 Figures not comparable. ' Includes "sand-lime brick.' » Figures not available. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 36 — COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1653 INDUSTRY AND QTY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDOTTEY AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lisb- Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. Canning and preserving.. Carriages and sleds, chil- dren's. Carriages and wagons and materials. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies. Cars and general shop con- struction and repairs by steam-railroad compa- nies. Chemicals Clothing, horse. Clothing, men's, includ- ing sUrts. Clothing, women's.. Cofiee and ^ice, roasting and grindmg. Coffins, burial cases, and undertakers' goods. Confectionery. . Cooperage and wooden - goods, not elsewhere specified. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Cutlery and tools, not elsewhere specified. Dairymen's, poultry- men's and apiarists' supplies. Electrical macbinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Fancy articles, not else- where specified. FlouT-mlll and gristmill products. Food preparations. Foundry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1J04 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. >112 83 59 4 185 286 330 16 9 59 94 104 21 19 17 33 48 82 «111 105 '53 19 16 11 28 22 14 29 30 5 6 10 252 322 389 30 28 16 •494 444 2,687 1,776 1,311 454 357 271 2,638 3,437 3,682 401 215 9,011 8,994 5,444 557 494 3,584 4,252 2,923 521 565 70 74 50 356 349 133 2,-242 1,780 1,196 638 1,208 1,962 3,372 2,780 2,503 208 118 85 345 526 204 2,115 1,409 1,204 165 343 329 1,116 1,184 1,351 478 526 26,521 24,219 15,330 225 413 356 8,730 4,915 2,962 392 458 340 5,502 6,426 5,374 2,110 711 SI, 064 639 426 191 129 90 1,827 1,930 1,811 270 151 7,283 5,718 4,196 5,234 3,601 3,128 362 495 243 435 318 (=) 858 691 513 92 64 75 356 462 305 685 622 379 1,837 1,327 652 2,227 3,658 3,804 3,947 2,325 1,690 583 616 163 800 964 396 3,616 2,333 2,173 264 312 311 26,350 31,903 42,211 3,400 2,738 766 46,622 33,709 22,160 41 29 227 145 112 1,457 1,463 983 187 186 157 37 33 20 201 159 60 810 513 307 344 618 858 1,930 1,188 941 113 64 44 213 279 77 1,340 820 673 55 113 96 737 695 720 267 243 156 18,061 14,601 8,589 $4,570 2,967 2,012 309 213 181 4,259 5,163 4,092 375 115 4,540 8,676 3,071 230 242 137 1,135 870 529 4,994 5,448 3,548 551 503 453 609 601 368 415 384 151 3,880 2,667 1,439 690 1,119 1,702 5,583 4,656 2,848 151 123 79 831 711 170 2,064 1,451 1,020 126 225 200 24,980 27,038 24,756 1,384 2,844 1,020 28, 162 22,534 13,623 140 129 197 219 927 157 I 155 I 452 t7,335 4,807 3,291 648 454 328 7,644 649 205 10,921 14,332 6,512 613 265 1,668 1,276 798 9,405 6,709 780 602 906 754 326 6,229 4,414 2,348 1,213 2,393 3,074 10,202 7,136 4,958 285 158 1,666 1,329 365 5,397 3,836 3,194 231 477 439 31,667 28,352 4,853 6,536 2,211 60,698 64,124 31,370 711 1,524 909 1 Includes "canning and preserving, fish," "canning vegetables," and "pickles and sauces." ' Figures not available. ' Figures not comparable. * Include "stamped and enameled ware," and " tinware, not elsewhere specified." 6 Includes three establishments for enameling and enameled goods and^ezcludes statistics for two establisliments to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 6 Includes "automobile repairing:" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas ma- chines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;'' "liardware, saddlery;" "plumber's supplies;" "steam fittings and steam and hot- water hekimg^^^^mr^tust^ ^d/ " structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling m^.f 17 iClAGU Tjy Furniture and refriger- ators. Gas, illuminating and heating. Gloves andmittens leather. Grease and tallow. Hosiery and knit goods. Iron and steel, blast fur- naces. Iron and steel, steel works, and rolling mills. Jewelry. Leather goods. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Lime. Liquors, malt. Lumber and timber prod nets. Malt., Marble and stone work . . Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods . . Mineral and soda water. Mirrors, framed and un- framed: Models and patterns. Paint. Paper and wood pulp. . Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. operaUons^^' statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual • Includes "saddlery and harness;" and "trunks and valises." .•..niTj^"- ®^r ^^®^'-,?'°'"^™ packing;" and "lumber, planing-mill products not mcludmg planmg mills connected with sawmills." piouui-is, not operSioS?^ statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of Individual DwaUom^^ statistics for three establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual Icrosoft® 1654 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 36.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. INDnSTEY AND CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Wages. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTET AND CITY. Cen- sus Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Pri- mary horse- power. Cost of mate- rials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressedin thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTEIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Patent medicines and 1914 1909 162 62 278 269 275 219 S131 118 $510 445 $1,442 1,707 Soap 1914 1909 11 16 272 213 339 487 $132 89 $1,369 910 $2,894 compounds and drug- 1,611 gists' preparations. 1904 58 262 113 77 362 1,233 1904 16 187 313 73 633 1,002 1914 1909 1904 9 10 5 134 171 103 49 66 35 117 130 76 93 46 20 308 312 166 Tobacco manufactures 1914 1909 1904 756 775 767 2,485 2,391 2,810 358 286 457 1,322 1,106 1,196 2,626 2,507 2,186 6,779 6,142 6,346 Printing and publishing . . 1914 2 829 6,653 6,627 3,473 4,847 14,455 1909 833 5,360 5,293 2,913 3,386 11,861 Upholstering materials. . . 1914 15 339 1,769 172 629 994 1904 767 5,099 6,064 2,435 2,642 9,252 1909 14 201 1,550 90 272 472 Shipbuilding, including 1914 34 695 3,875 421 451 1,254 1904 15 134 (') 74 207 379 boat building. 1909 1904 52 3 32 906 459 3,606 934 640 255 819 174 1,081 600 Wirework, including wire rope and cable. 1914 1909 18 18 327 226 742 405 198 143 811 645 1,299 892 Signs and advertising 1914 6 313 105 127 204 445 1904 16 306 363 143 361 653 novelties. 1909 3 36 52 14 27 50 r 1904 (') All other industries 1914 476 17,366 50,101 10,138 34,079 64,419 Slaughtering and meat packing. 1914 1909 1904 M6 48 6 23 2,236 1,890 1,680 4,874 3,283 2,457 1,381 1,042 782 30,641 23,403 14,072 34,698 27,217 16,569 1909 1904 432 423 11,694 9,466 26,739 27,024 5,862 4,226 20, 164 12,593 40,181 23,517 CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTEIES. M I LW AUK BE- AU industries. Artificial stone products . , Boots and shoes, includ- ing cut stock and find- ings. Bread and other bakery products. Brooms, from broom corn. Brushes, exclusive of paint and varnish. Clothing, women's. . Confectionery.. Copper, tin, and sheet- iron products. Electrical machinery, ap- paratus, and supplies. Food preparations Fotindry and machine- shop products. Fur goods. Gloves and mittens, leather. Hats and caps, other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods. . . 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1,728 1,764 1,527 27 26 27 324 318 256 12 11 (<) 7 10 (*) 16 14 9 18 14 12 13 18 12 14 18 10 »136 125 105 21 27 14 10 8 6 5 8 5 36 29 23 61,839 69,502 43,366 60 80 23 3,955 2,973 1,669 1,270 975 1,167 41 52 102 434 391 216 1,436 1,214 682 1,606 2,019 838 1,632 998 815 lis 145 103 8,462 7,881 5,650 162 349 278 681 757 698 70 67 66 2,871 1,925 1,711 122,178 94,254 $36,270 31,437 20,809 104 238 2,854 1,481 509 104 72 1,213 910 1,403 1,910 2,647 1,537 873 680 11,735 9,305 56 141 441 190 1,464 877 $124,876 120,621 71, 103 36 47 13 1,862 1,235 632 528 492 167 139 541 356 184 1,040 598 491 66 78 50 6,923 4,762 3,128 99 201 128 252 304 210 43 35 23 1,170 631 407 $223,566 208, 324 137,995 60 24 8,387 4,950 2,040 2,547 2,213 2,100 77 97 61 486 352 149 2,738 1,836 871 2,309 3,514 1,314 1,397 928 655 699 1,589 605 9,636 7,000 4,970 273 833 336 868 944 801 . 73 62 63 3,347 1,689 690 145 161 72 12,133 7,800 3,182 4,571 3,824 3,510 121 144 237 196 863 669 334 4,365 3,063 1,380 4,304 5,330 2,097 3,995 2,749 2,257 843 1,949 903 20,312 18, 146 11,421 640 1,360 734 1,339 1,503 1,208 153 139 101 7,185 3,417 1,660 Leather goods. Leather, tanned, curried, and finished. Liquors, malt. Lumberandtimberprod- ucts. Malt.. Marble and stone work. Mat* resses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods. . Models and patterns, not including paper pat- terns. Paints. , Patent medicines, and compounds, and drug- gists^ preparations. Photo-engraving Printing and publishing. Tobacco manufactures. . . All other industries. , 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 10 31 23 14 10 12 10 11 10 "22 30 25 6 6 7 24 26 14 8 9 9 10 7 4 17 17 16 5 6 «6 129 25 8/21 7 5 >182 188 »149 238 234 269 443 490 475 890 1,267 1,049 3,650 4,903 3,111 3,610 3,071 3,521 2,119 2,383 1,836 168 146 215 465 347 301 212 246 211 307 344 100 96 78 178 169 141 155 155 28 120 163 103 2,943 2,949 2,827 1,098 894 1,103 22,576 22,484 14,692 472 529 11,295 9,931 16,679 12,890 5,349 7,625 2,615 2,475 1,374 443 311. 163 127 148 2,956 304 56,290 37,181 $428 577 439 2,106 2,637 1,600 2,646 1,818 2,127 1,206 1,207 807 189 106 147 395 291 180 122 113 96 322 147 123 64 64 40 97 85 66 107 125 1,935 1,739 1,465 594 426 478 13,161 12,201 6,956 $2, 135 1,743 1,614 17,666 21,468 10,549 8,929 4,373 3,397 2,779 3,791 2,764 3,837 2,724 2,846 440 317 267 374 457 313 317 36 42 20 1,096 976 742 261 234 68 87 42 20 3,023 2,165 1,774 1,507 1,479 1,155 48,745 54,345 30,759 $3,372 3,169 2,523 22,893 27,484 14,074 27,682 19,643 22,135 4,933 6,053 4,286 4,754 3,483 3,624 1,014 862 629 666 760 635 2,155 556 555 166 164 101 • 1,632 1,396 1,016 727 901 171 279 291 166 8,315 7,119 6,680 3,989 3,339 3,507 79,983 82,656 50,134 I Includes "perfumery and cosmetics." 2 Includes "bookbindmg and blank-book making;" and "lithographing". ' Excludesstatistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of mdividual opera- tions. * Figures not available. 'Includes "sausage." » Excludes statistics for two establishments, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. ' Figures not comparable. 8 Includes "stamped and enameled ware;" and"tlnware, not elsewhere specified." 'Includes "automobile repairing;" "engines, steam, gas, and water;" "gas machines and gas and water meters;" "hardware;" "plumbers' supplies;" "st^m fittings and steam and hot-water heating apparatus;" and "structural Ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills." IK Includes "saddlery and harness;" and " truntrs and valises." >' Includes "boxes, wooden and packing;" and "lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills," Digitized by IVIicros'oft® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 36.— COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904— Continued. 1655 DJDUSTET Am> CITT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. rUDUSTRT AND CITY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Appleton Ashland Beloit Eau Clake.. Fond du Lac. Gkeen Bat.... Janesviue Kenosha La CaoesE 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 107 97 108 37 38 37 50 51 44 94 75 73 100 97 85 104 102 103 71 78 73 75 62 45 167 151 150 2,144 2,125 2,486 797 1,116 1,361 3,527 2,986 2,471 2,315 2,524 1,985 1,925 2,707 2,566 2,724 2,579 2,111 1,495 1,451 1,348 7,155 6,449 4,354 3,340 3,329 2,644 15,633 14,295 4,835 4,912 6,861 4,992 16,356 13,695 7,346 4,393 8,809 5,637 3,568 3,358 20,736 14,484 6,956 $1,231 1,088 1,217 510 611 738 2,346 1,840 1,439 1,246 1,198 851 1,000 1,297 1,055 1,465 1,107 879 676 600 4,653 3,838 2,244 1,879 1,539 1,065 $4,760 4,257 4,026 1,077 1,486 2,192 3,013 2,439 1,835 4,208 2,974 1,799 4,619 5,074 3,311 4,060 3,893 , 2, 696 3,066 2,877 2,056 19,267 14,773 7,392 7,814 7,797 4,725 $7,558 6,734 6,672 1,827 2,748 4,210 6,928 5,886 4,485 6,774 5,855 3,602 6,761 8,227 5,600 6,235 4,873 5,659 5,156 3,846 28,341 23, 182 12,363 14,739 14,103 8,139 Madison. Manitowoc. Mabinette.. OSHKOSH. Eacine Shebotqan. supeeiob.... Wausau 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 122 116 84 77 80 76 51 43 37 157 159 134 189 142 148 132 109 HI 99 72 85 67 58 2,084 1,792 1,476 2,012 1,525 1,321 2,112 1,491 1,645 5,782 5,778 4,840 10,079 8,381 6,504 7,152 5,988 5,903 2,121 1,847 1,343 2,492 2,092 1,945 2,933 2,551 5,079 4,371 6,320 6,470 13,648 10,890 21,292 12,905, 13,785 8,717 7,678 6,536 7,408 6,786 $1,346 1,059 813 1,046 767 533 2,804 2,570 2,097 6,765 4,562 3,155 3,'370 2,339 2,095 1,382 1,087 746 1,354 990 807 $2,795 2,337 1,293 5,358 3,963 2,940 2,345 1,703 1,581 6,807 7,081 4,432 20,262 11,512 7,143 9,162 6,089 5,553 8,446 4,272 4,648 4,530 3,325 2,549 $6,207 5,467 3,291 8,461 5,939 4,428 4,674 3,309 3,633 13,890 14,739 8,652 43,632 24, 673 16,459 17,509 11,299 9,751 11,663 6,574 6,357 7,325 6,287 4,644 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1656 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS UroUSTET AND aiT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. Total. Pro- pri» tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Male. Fe- male. Wage earners. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— Maximum montii. Minimum month. WAGE EARNERS DEC. 16, OR NEAR- EST EEPRESENTAirVE DAY. Total. 16 and over. Male. Fe- male. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Capital. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Agricultural implements Artificial limbs , Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts . Automobiles •.. Automobile repairing Repair work Vulcanizing tires Awnings, tents, and sails Baskets, and rattan and willow ware Bookbinding and blank-book mak- ing. Boot and shoe findings Boots and shoes, not including rub- ber boots and shoes. Boots and shoes Footwear, other than boots and shoes Boxes, cigar Boxes, fancy and paper Boxes, wooden packing Brass, bronze, and copper products. Brass and bronze Other than brass, bronze, and copper. Bread and other bakery products.. Brick and tile, terra cotta, and fire- clay products. Building brick Miscellaneous. Brooms,from broom com Brushes, exclusive of paint and var- nish. Butter Canning and preserving, fish. . . Canning, vegetables Carpets , rag Carriage and wagon materials. . Carriages and sleds, children's Carriages, wagons, and repairs Carriages and wagons Repair work only Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad companies. Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad compames. Cheese Chemicals Cleansing and polishing preparations Cleansing Polishing Clothing, horse Clothing, men's Men's and youths', including boys. Contract work, men's and youths'. Clothing, women's Suits, skirts, cloaks, etc All other, including contract work. Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- Cofims, burial cases, and undertak- ers' goods. Condensed milk Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Hogsheads and barrels All other 9,104 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products . Cutlery and edge tools 46 i 130 31 12 22 4 23 6 30 4 61 ss 3 8 18 56 30 23 7 704 72 63 9 26 11 675 10 81 16 4 179 175 4 16 35 1,739 7 11 5 6 6 55 40 IS 21 6 15 17 100 55 45 27 19 230,273 4,885 14 570 2,023 3,794 146 131 15 131 203 728 54 6,507 6,473 34 198 1,455 2,643 1,254 1,100 154 3,313 95 141 169 2,254 51 2,858 111 117 483 3,016 3,009 7 413 9,627 2,689 103 187 34 153 647 3,769 3,421 639 211 428 134 431 967 2,969 2,686 283 609 355 154 1,036 76 7,425 7,596 37 3 130 10 4 26 22 4 28 3 21 19 2 6 8 33 16 13 2 755 76 62 14 358 9 4 18 7 1 216 210 5 1,253 3 9 3 6 5 44 29 15 23 7 16 16,100 82 35 47 23 16 7 101 6 275 4 27 83 177 2 1 1 12 6 25 5 156 155 1 11 38 75 158 5 241 1 4 11 76 76 63 45 14 6 2 4 13 103 101 14 21 32 113 94 19 11 4,842 1,320 4 169 354 8 4 4 9 4 49 374 374 11 51 51 59 52 7 189 19 14 5 9 13 70 2 65 3 13 7 145 145 540 51 23 23 6 17 60 317 314 34 48 132 282 263 19 8 7 1 92 2 110 1 5 49 92 2 1 14 2 184 181 15 19 16 3 lOS 5 13 13 34 194,310 ' Owned power only. ' Includes rented power, other than electric. 3,143 6 404 1,722 3,167 104 98 6 84 186 612 42 5,772 5,744 166 1,319 2,369 1,122 991 131 2,197 828 759 69 96 129 1,606 33 2,521 86 90 464 2,548 2,646 2 401 9,011 1,330 60 103 20 83 657 3,204 2,888 316 521 173 348 70 356 781 2,429 2,242 187 464 320 144 752 59 Mh 205,512 Ta 4,643 (<) 6 Au 517 Je 1,990 Ap 3,837 My My 5 Je Mh De Ta 108 7 125 205 48 Ja 6,037 Oo 37 De 170 Oc 1,378 Jy 2,667 Ap 1,072 m. 163 Jy 2,277 Jy 1,326 Je 109 Se6 100 Je 148 Jy 1,749 No 176 Jy 8,997 My 104 Ja 107 Oc 492 Mh 2,890 (') 2 Ap 462 Ja 9,299 Jy 1,697 Mh 65 Jy 24 Mh 105 Ja 697 Fe 3,054 Ap 334 Se My Oc 209 393 74 De 182,065 Se 1,918 (<) 6 De 243 No 1,197 Jy 2,610 Oc Ocs Ja No Jy Mh 90 S 50 142 543 36 Je 5,451 Mh 24 Au 161 Fe 1,277 No 2,042 Ja 897 Se 108 Ja 2,074 Fe 268 Fe 31 My 88 De 109 Ja 1,468 Mh' 1 Fe 568 Ja 61 No 81 My 413 Ja (•) 0C5 1,934 2 334 De 8,649 780 56 My 16 Au6 71 Au 394 Oc 2,622 Oc 292 Mh 375 Je 1,036 No 2,619 Je 263 Je Ja5 Se Oc' 406 163 My Fe De Jy Ta 148 314 64 337 592 (>) Jy 1,928 Ja 137 Fe My De My 269 127 649 53 511 1,868 3,005 99 92 7 ^1 151 45 5,863 5,821 32 173 1,306 2,489 1,087 978 109 2,237 1,223 1,137 86 97 132 1,643 166 7,170 88 84 468 2,534 2,532 2 9,155 61 106 18 88 502 3,178 2,842 336 522 167 355 64 356 726 2,669 2,472 197 535 379 156 705 65 (») 3,199 5 511 1,807 3,000 7 53 115 321 30 3,670 3,644 26 62 517 2,278 1,079 973 106 1,711 1,212 1,128 84 91 96 1,624 166 4,998 39 84 436 2,495 2,493 2 393 9,149 1,587 54 86 15 71 123 774 718 56 101 70 31 297 565 911 736 175 530 378 152 703 56 m 36 28 309 15 1,969 1,963 6 120 651 136 7 4 3 498 13 1,831 44 7 17 3 14 330 2,327 2,049 278 412 95 317 31 65 158 1,43S 1,417 21 m 118 118 40 259 4 («) 31 10 $754,287,116 249 249 48,077,980 16,423 569,900 5,837,450 12,449,823 222,548 186,419 36,129 129,068 202,409 676,932 116,922 12,545,864 12,504,233 41,631 265,654 2,286,123 3,821,322 4,076,871 3,671,947 404,724 5,246,826 1,783,586 1,526,283 257,303 115,304 244,222 4,762,389 133,613 7,972,388 44,805 216,056 618.697 11,483,961 11,472,523 11,438 1,146,523 6,722,008 5,411,082 373,962 435,874 17,946 417,928 1,615,904 5,708,018 5,640,489 67,529 472,276 172,274 300,002 361,525 997,087 5,560,881 4,085,846 3,211,532 874,314 936,796 834,346 101,450 2,181,200 110,8711 ! No figures given for reasons stated under " Explanation of terms." Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES-WISCONSIN. 1657 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. EXPENSES. Valna of products Value added by manufac- ture. POWEB. Salaries and wages. For contract wort. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gen- erated in estab- Ksh- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Sent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration income. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power.-^ Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.' Electric (rent- 'ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $16,793,770 120,775,099 656,901 5,480 25,495 215,235 467,708 1,880 300 1,580 11,936 10, 113 42,943 6,140 319,109 317,609 1,500 13,660 93,004 145,539 108,326 83,588 24,738 112,894 69,815 60,915 8,900 3,300 19,927 130,869 5,967 282,256 1,000 5,180 21,962 138,344 138,344 8,750 94,323 29,245 15,614 14,530 4,900 9,630 22,983 291,293 287,693 3,600 46,554 23,960 22,594 14,580 35,392 103,790 257,980 216,557 41,423 31,423 27,831 3,692 93,289 6,770 1,851,546 468 2,627 175,905 415,410 9,878 5,438 4,440 5,908 2,743 52,851 2,083 692,900 683,724 9,176 10,760 75,715 86,473 84,818 74,585 10,233 208,442 21,466 16,158 5,308 8,211 23,100 59,813 665 64,558 37,927 9,415 13,482 196,481 196,481 705 501,451 15,538 27,913 57,825 9,591 48,234 45,337 498,094 496,456 1,638 47,961 11,995 35,966 20,334 45,244 147,358 332,355 311,067 21,288 9,612 8,292- 1,320 117,296 3,214 $112,193,163 2,198,371 4,640 245, 118 1,278,702 2,629,310 77,027 74,763 2,264 37,299 73,852 282,202 21,249 2,695,107 2,678,772 16,335 45,501 535,198 1,064,952 674, 430 592,677 81,753 1,247,623 416,840 374,455 42,385 50,628 61,818 1,206,701 22,032 989,417 72,310 56,430 191,020 1,770,547 1,769,347 1,200 5,718,224 1,051,839 36,090 69,442 12,750 - 56,692 227,361 1,288,726 1,196,473 92,253 186,570 88,074 98,496 36,877 201,270 453,503 935,803 810,382 125,421 262,217 195,236 66,981 S'5,453,920 5,216 11,852 1,507 22,936 23,767 23,467 300 2,810 2,040 173 173 1,675 2,090 2,090 63 532 73,720 3,878 3,878 17,322 4,572 137,610 137,564 46 500 500 2,793 7,874 6,331 1,543 3,959 5,918 400 $1,797,041 3,578 5,992 28,368 13,124 7,759 6,S99 1,160 4,662 489 27,080 2,270 47,855 47,699 156 432 29,600 5,030 7,921 6,393 1,528 143,843 1,670 1,500 170 1,908 6,002 19,515 60 47,449 3,213 1,060 308 11,052 10,967 510 25,021 10,620 1,188 660 528 7,600 65,802 64,014 1,788 22,808 10,783 12,025 7,440 120 38, 139 28,018 10,121 6,479 5,219 260 484,873 26,881 Same number reported throughout the year. 21,071 420 $15,545,998 91,955 211 3,248 23,413 36,050 32,919 3,131 59,589 16,418 15,222 1,196 1,248 1,696 39,410 1,802 66,984 428 2,528 4,658 81,851 81,694 157 22,540 18,980 29,353 2,715 4,859 434 4,425 9,677 43,377 42,394 1,987 891 1,096 4,454 8,880 45,359 52,189 44,160 8,039 6,657 5,096 1,561 18,483 780 $401,237,307 8,510,229 5,167 267,705 1,642,176 8,609,246 62,645 59,243 3,402 128,694 49,791 416,442 130,803 11,907,793 11,862,662 45,131 115,151 1,057,676 2,795,861 4,230,577 4,005,002 225,575 4,339,018 103,969 94,899 9,060 167,925 85,433 30,675,533 42,178 4,282,369 11,716 141,044 306,177 4,017,313 4,015,318 1,996 361,133 4,175,772 25; 415, 278 220,531 300,265 43,129 257,136 1,122,805 4,593,928 4,588,313 5,615 546,823 207,764 339,059 601,123 402,575 8,664,110 4,418,242 3,826,767 591,475 584,522 449,191 136,331 2,489,907 22,329 $16,177,767 165,405 319 10,245 88,676 125,145 4,430 3,867 563 1,794 2,244 8,770 2,858 80,979 79,992 987 2,825 60,829 24,276 164,411 154,866 9,545 196,923 197,132 184,112 13,020 1,594 7,991 237,930 839 77,769 2,260 11,340 2,486 89,469 89,244 215 14,009 364,669 233,805 9,303 5,225 805 4,420 12,606 , 30,782 27,209 3,673 4,263 1,336 2,917 7,663 12,167 198,882 82,747 53,666 29,181 12,343 10,089 2,254 20,174 2,299 $695,172,002 20,119,058 23,392 714,122 4,325,764 14,152,432 207,096 186,237 . 20,859 227,856 162,003 1,014,070 188,843 17,643,350 17,663,749 79,601 266,016 2,326,767 4,947,466 5,409,260 5,005,281 403,979 8,057,702 1,114,340 1,006,245 108,096 266,305 270,479 34,075,821 108,411 6,898,667 87,030 270,533 648,030 7,273,788 7,267,823 5,965 648,545 10,920,886 28,075,795 436,222 703,338 88,494 614,844 1,657,784 7,985,697 7,846,164 139,543 979,806 386,529 693,277 809,186 904,891 10,706,976 7,243,167 6,228,736 1,014,431 984,970 746,172 238,798 3,811,633 86,504 $277,756,928 11,443,424 17,906 436,172 2,594,912 5,418,041 140,021 123,127 16,894 97,368 109,968 588,858 55,182 5,664,678 5,621,095 33,483 148,040 1,208,262 2,127,329 1,014,272 845,413 168,859 3,621,761 813,249 727,234 86,015 106,786 177,055 3,162,368 65,394 2,568,629 73,064 118,149 339,367 3,167,016 3,163,261 3,755 273,403 6,380,445 2,426,712 206,388 397,848 44,560 353,288 522,373 3,360,987 3,230,632 130,365 428,730 177,429 261,301 200,400 490,149 1,943,984 2,742,178 2,348,403 393,776 388,106 286, 892 101,213 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1,301,652 61,876 5 Same number reported for one or more other months, . 682,339 420,065 33,495 148,796 79,984 175,684 9,196 3 736 3,024 6,803 8,120 334 742 3 275 726 1,188 4,843 'l,'269' 2,402 75 681 4,878 386 1,617 737 167 151 6 36 207 221 60 50 107 101 6 • 32 2 218 ""m 4 3 44 3,888 44 1,028 3 1,258 2,777 73 10 3,871 17 231 1,564 7,990 2,777 ""i46" 1,283 7,124 63 10 6 14 229 10 1,021 79 257 637 1,258 ■"■759" 1,349 7,053 6,843 210 6,475 6,456 20 136 46 90 442 342 100 2,602 2,602 1,276 3,821 103 2,942 86 237 1 1,086 642 9 15 3,497 324 58 155 2,618 324 1 35 237 642 15 10 32 47 88 9,900 127 8,462 74 458 8,414 42 6,650 "'"364' 668 72 789 42 56 5' ""'56' 762 13 1,018 32 44 118 ""ieo' 8 133 392 5,044 5,034 10 2,110 385 3,923 3,923 "■■359' 7 647 646 1 1,641 2"i23 2,123 444 435 9 30 30 "'2i6' 7,283 6,834 45 404 1,655 10,889 9,929 943 17 5 362 217 39 178 435 694 648 106 150 '"■'iso' 395 65 65 65 20 20 191 47 19 28 31 606 560 3 "'352' 34 34 9 23 23 46 92 21 71 356 685 2,576 2,990 1,837 1,153 1,610 981 629 46 92 21 71 261 145 82 1,203 450 753 160 147 13 82 506 685 605 80 5 5 95 540 2,494 1,724 1,335 389 1,178 568 610 63 52 11 14 8 6 ■■■258' 258 442 87 260 48 67 134 20 317 75 1658 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INELABITANTS INDU$TRT AND CITY. Num. ber ot estab- lish- ments. PEBS0N3 ENGAGED IN THE IND1JSTRY. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 15, OB NEAB- E3T BEPEESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. Pro- and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Nmnber, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimimi month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and apiarists' supphes. Incubators and brooders Cream separators and other dairymen's supplies. Apiarists' supphes Dental goods Druggists' preparations Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supphes. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified. Flavoring extracts. Flour-miU and gristmill products Food preparations Cereals, table foods, and maca- roni. Meat products and sirups Other food products, including those for animals and fowls. Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops Foundries , Machine shops Fuel, manufactured Fur|;oods Furnishing goods, men's Furniture Wood, including rattan and willow. Metal, including store and office fixtures. Gas and electric fixtures Gas, illuminating and heating Glass, cutting, ^tajning, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Grease and tallow Hardware Hinges and other builders' hard- ware. All other, exclusive of locks Hats and caps,other than felt, straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods House-fumlshlng goods Comforts, qmlts, and, feather pillows. Other products, including cot- ton batting. Iron and steel, blast furnaces Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing miUs. Jewelry Leather goods,not elsewhere speci- fied. Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Lune Liquors, malt Lithographing Looking-glass and picture frames. . . Lumber and timber products Lumber, planing-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work Mats and mattings, from cocoa fiber and grass. Mattresses and spring beds MUlinery and lace goods Mineral and soda waters Mirrors, framed and unlramed Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Musical mstruments, pianos ... . Paint .:. Paper and wood pulp Paper exclusively Pulp exclusively Both paper and pulp 252 30 6 364 11 51 302 3 4 107 5 12 14 4 27 30 132 10 4 433 146 25 117 18 10 176 4 24 463 74 249 140 38 68 2,883 74 6,634 183 47 1,804 786 84 14 687 20,201 495 3,459 16,247 65 322 116 12,357 8,796 3,561 310 1,769 124 1,925 452 80 6,985 111 53 58 SS4 2,256 100 17 6,410 917 6,587 508 13 26,518 5,688 805 1,730 791 ,174 S46 299 9,625 2,805 613 6,207 21 294 25 228 4 201 1 444 109 19 148 12 6 200 28 159 3 135 118 45 6 39 771 29 110 632 26 5 328 227 101 17 90 166 6 3 3 2 511 214 35 18 480 3 395 4 13 207 98 13 102 1,745 7 772 SO 109 2 20 291 15 4 58 147 2 4 387 25 693 37 529 299 69 91 10 45 89 54 5 8 16 31 14 13 4 1 4 123 4 73 6 139 4 135 477 25 446 200 134 16 141 250 I 1 Owned power only. 128 222 40 "n 5,817 345 50 175 120 33 40 2,115 53 6,010 165 1,116 478 58 411 16,842 420 3,199 13,223 57 225 96 11,015 7,938 3,079 222 1,240 1,711 SO 417 19 70 6,244 79 40 482 2,029 828 5,414 428 2 24,941 4,972 637 1,390 45S 384 656 375 81 117 495 192 8^6! Fe Mh Je (») 71 212 147 33 40 Fe 2,332 Ap 63 Ja 7,186 Oc 199 Aul 24 De 1,216 Oo (') Oo 87 9 476 Ja 471 Fe 3,492 Mhl4,598 De 69 De Mh 295 109 Mh 8,555 Mh 3,332 Oo 244 Jy 1,453 No 92 Ja 1,953 No 55 Je Ap Je! 431 72 Fe 6,523 Au Ap Mh My 2, De Ap« Mh 6,530 Jy 1,024 Jy 6,020 My 453 («) 2 Fe 30,636 Au 5,164 Ja 742 Se 1,521 Ja 738 Je 408 Fe 1,073 Au 454 Mh 6,101 Jy 30 No 141 Au 104 m 33 (3) 40 Se 1,987 Au 48 No 5,059 Ja^ 83 Ja* 20 Jy 1,045 De (') Ja 42 De 394 Je 2,972 No 11,540 Je 43 Ap4 De 185 74 De 7,288 No 2,568 Je< 210 De 1,036 Ja< 82 De 1,455 Mh 46 Ocl 16 De Mh No 6,016 Ja No< 37 De 266 No 1,815 No De^ Se 5,339 De 551 De 6,016 De 390 (») 2 Au 22,198 De 4,752 Au« 540 Fe 1,216 Se 121 Ja 5,5 343 149 125 33 40 2,289 51 6,134 178 20 1,243 531 81 10 440 15,969 391 2,917 12,661 71 95 10,499 7,484 3,015 205 1,243 1,553 52 424 17 407 71 6,139 75 37 408 2,035 74 7 6,067 936 5,500 442 3 28,267 4,946 735 1,354 541 379 7*4 388 80 129 464 197 8,846 2,523 576 5,747 315 67 138 110 30 2,100 50 6,106 12 1,234 391 55 10 326 15,792 2,869 12,533 71 103 19 9,927 7,017 2,910 171 1,243 519 52 395 14 381 50 SO 19 31 408 2,031 67 3 5,741 933 5,346 27,984 4,846 734 1,349 339 309 160 353 79 119 450 167 7,943 1,913 674 5,456 166 23 4 140 26 114 137 32 105 176 73 342 267 75 25 973 4,456 21 15 1 4 324 1 152 61 201 53 558 .200 171 29 10 113 31 48 280 13 ' Includes rented power, other than electric. $1,239,834 94,753 800,467 344,614 35,391 154,714 7,005,779 56, 101 24,080,988 308,402 170,515 10,789,136 2,565,042 263,659 40,260 2,261,123 83,313,547 1,028,599 4,982,987 77,301,961 706,857 1,075,121 141,301 24,791,239 16,664,333 8,126,906 538,196 29,539,492 92,749 2,621,179 169,543 854,868 63,644 791,224 57,760 10,953,219 243, 714 121,094 122,620 7,524,768 6,171,815 97,013 15,151 42,769,623 2,700,120 77,290,896 1,093,903 14,779 49,154,458 12,407,697 15,301,243 3,391,023 1,517,855 1,070,988 955,408 6,598,038 196,549 123,712 1,253,851 1,356,714 48,812,033 9,355,350 2,776,32S 36,680,360 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1659 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWEK. Salaries and wages. For contract work. Bent and taxes. Tor materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gen- erated in estab- lish- ments report- mg. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Kent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.i Electric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES.— Continued. tS4,94S 3,229 34,562 17,154 ""7,' 600 325,296 3,673 373,671 3,493 20,500 229,028 158,792 11,004 147,788 1,866,627 63,588 240,026 1,563,013 6,630 39,442 5,330 775,714 513,335 262,379 27,280 171,573 6,164 124,595 5,640 49,519 41,124 2,850 364,109 7,240 4,000 3,240 60,264 210,522 3,440 780 359,692 78,945 894,232 75,645 3,120 1> 063, 635 395,475 233,967 122,720 42,870 49,641 64,295 91,087 18,226 21,686 39,966 42,760 702,620 267,643 48,074 396,903 $66,644 9,359 48,520 8,665 649 17,201 647,653 3,680 518,943 3,758 12,230 286,362 186,532 16,554 170,978 2,332,328 32, 104 128,489 2,171,735 1,790 36,200 8,331 1,046,066 615,715 430,351 49,947 302,045 5,375 116,858 2,600 28,746 2,252 26,494 560 568,993 12,801 6,068 6,733 42,087 186,762 3,496 4,619 471,023 41,093 886,299 63,029 264 663,276 399,295 146,243 99,214 16,976 31,299 118,231 104,888 6,001 7,139 24,333 60,639 461,813 151,026 11,312 289,475 $213,341 32,979 116,971 63,391 27,947 27,360 1,339,587 33,923 4,517,370 55,350 10,652 736,575 266,647 28,671 6,929 231,047 11,016,503 260,701 1,855,633 8,900,169 64,866 128, 878 29,921 6,532,809 3,656,803 1,876,006 131,915 721,898 43,705 589,468 40,497 223,918 9,383 214,636 42,970 2,448,347 40,386 20,350 398,374 1,293,116 47,305 3,437 3,403,592 449,831 3,913,037 307,031 1,486 12,551,965 2,928,672 636,215 995,864 211,997 213,777 321,507 215,911 55,973 $527 627 29,230 481 3,209 326 4,802 700 600 100 48,320 5,156 43,164 1,908 7,158 6,708 460 666 27,157 2,311 7,371 1,333 50 60 19,210 359 359 10,150 75,622 306,754 103,982 5,338,816 1,333,192 347,036 I 3,658,589 I Same number 31,101 197,466 4,118 2,101,343 13,132 23,719 21,473 3,754 3,300 879 978 64,129 16 39,876 24,237 reported $7,306 410 1,727 4,178 36,663 3,695 14,098 576 4,090 25,830 23,019 1,990 21,029 87,978 4,150 7,095 76,733 26,982 1,482 31,137 15,987 16,160 14,641 300 5,650 26,338 1,987 2,690 916 1,776 2,820 50,306 6,249 4,318 1,931 100 7,780 4,088 616 35,107 920 19,928 10,281 756 10,976 21,383 4,000 7,739 8,616 16,883 12,003 3,476 6,005 9,680 5,037 6,299 222 2,526 3,562 throughout $7,964 1,617 4,073 2,364 652 682 60,599 422 167,613 1,760 894 93,061 71,856 4,169 441 67,246 417,176 9,462 49,494 358,220 5,726 7,816 721 211,451 140,701 70,750 3,589 360,181 499 17,056 1,135 9,278 8,966 317 84,336 979 462 627 76,568 81,163 327 67 285,126 13,099 6,139,298 13,426 100 1,120,761 108,805 116,736 26,162 13,128 8,711 17,680 26,622 994 687 10,002 16,642 $811,375 112,969 448,392 250,024 46,172 95,035 1,949,824 20,174 6,612,930 123,157 132, 154 24,741,972 1,320,927 261,319 159,852 9(^,766 16,121,041 462,409 1,654,782 14,113,860 273,526 362,574 113,228 9,604,916 6,475,295 4,029,621 279,388 866,237 66,425 1,729,661 239,640 265, 156 20,083 245,072 71,842 6,929,905 237,432 146,318 91,114 1,799,720 3,236,065 72,084 11,138 32,674,238 410,761 12,937,719 382,017 4,840 14,823,236 7,476,780 12,115,060 1,106,311 513,648 635,290 1,186,696 821,783 163,392 37,431 851,608 1,112,277 J18, 728 18,365,949 2,2Cgi39 373,330 11; 732; 409 the year. $19,204 2,797 8,670 7i837 541 1,647 113,896 4,791 261,960 3,268 808 237,929 62,906 7,691 312 64,902 922,609 24,389 276,819 622,401 69,331 5,242 1,071 244,062 164,905 79,157 6,620 960,410 2,584 16,362 10,910 9,158 946 8,213- 1,233 96,327 6,520 2,085 4,435 1,452,090 319,085 1,178 207 378,948 416,310 765,042 11,291 203 239,769 109,571 373,817 62,454 11,181 12,827 11,128 23,104 4,138 3,391 14,565 14,872 1,513,316 $1,'665,700 363,416 878,279 424,005 101,064 209,434 5,396,802 91,510 13,063,336 231,301 217,319 28,697,413 4,852,863 353,716 173,405 4,325,742 37,199,866 933,666 4,727,986 31,638,213 474,606 710,626 169,997 20,773,768 13,109,001 7,664,767 647,999 6,294,983 167,146 2,921,687 326,250 793, 129 62,936 740,193 152,858 13,292,306 363,040 200,334 162,706 3,793,442 6,008,649 155,048 25,071 42,204,202 1,670,310 40,884,284 1,102,271 16,659 37,494,041 12,921,004 15,633,339 2,913,921 1,029,996 1,089,426 2,164,668 1,869,237 274,091 186,766 1,469,685 1,686,156 20,527,422 $835,121 247,660 421,317 166,144 54,351 112,762 3,333,082 66,546 7,188,466 104,886 84,357 3,717,612 3,469,031 94,706 13,241 3,361,084 20,166,216 456,868 2,897,385 16,801,962 131,749 342,710 66,698 11,024,790 7,468,801 3,655,989 362^091 3,479,336 98,137 1,175,564 76,700 618,816 31,908 486,908 79,783 6,267,073 119,088 61,931 67,167 541,632 2,453,409 81,786 13,726 9,151,016 743,239 27,181,523 708,963 11,616 22,431,036 6,336,653 3,044,462 1,746,166 605,167 441,308 966,834 1,024,360 106,661 144,934 603,422 459,007 1,637,307 8,777,439 678,170 7,281,— 800 96 325 3,616 141 7,696 264 26,350 3,400 586 10 2,805 32,176 704 4,383 27,089 1,140 140 25 19,367 13,567 6,800 104 11,159 103 670 226 647 601 13 3,629 381 72 12,742 15,215 35 12 20,142 4,032 28,326 463 7 84,523 14,744 10,545 3,416 594 771 311 4,739 199 553 986 191,693 31,666 20,699 139,529 266 200 64 1,786 80 4,446 260 10,386 2,916 600 2,416 23,137 675 2,385 20, 177 40 17,451 12,426 5,026 9,242 56 5 2,616 1,460 10 19 1,663 62 136 1,366 35 694 360 244 10,774 417 "25' 179 625 625 2,625 250 260 10,255 12,676 17,603 1,989 24,132 145 80; 717 12,751 10,420 1,236 410 616 300 331 226 410 686 41,173 17,698 1,410 22,065 140 12 12 2,487 720 10 350 473 190 7 945 409 361 12 178 30 29 2 9,615 960 150 1,656 135 100 400 30 132,290 9,835 1,650 17,624 7,015 Il04,931 • Same ntmiber reported for one or more other month.?. 481 68 238 175 11 48 1,775 56 635 14 3,730 466 371 7,069 77 1,838 6,154 1,140 66 25 1,297 766 631 104 1,045 73 864 119 72 47 6,746 9,'67i 1,820 35 2 2,289 1,420 3,972 318 1,306 1,449 25 1,419 184 144 11 229 46 170 143 268 8,615 3,082 15 5,618 633 692 4 588 30,603 264 1,651 28,688 13 6,202 1,848 4,354 ""797 157 16 100 100 919 2,206 7,606 12,427 6,970 117 8,963 1,667 6,533 1,034 216 108 62 27 125 26,665 3,692 1,288 21,685 64 1660 MANUFACTURE&-WISCONSIN. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS INDUSIET AND CITT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PERSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTET. WAGE EABNEES DEC. 16, OB NEAB- EST BEFBESENTA'UVU DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Undei 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age ber." Number, ISth day ol— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maxminm month. Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED /.ND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. Paper goods, not elsewhere specified . Patent medicines and compounds . - Paving materials Perfumery andoosmetics Photo-engraving , Pickles and sauces Plumbers' supplies, not elsewhere specified. Pottery Printing and publishing Job printmg. Book pubhshing without print- ing and linotype work. Printing and pubushing, newsp^ pers and penodlcals. Printing and publishiM Printing and publishing and job prmtmg. Publishing without printing Refrigerators Rubber goods Saddlery and harness. . Sand-lime brick Shipbuilding, iron and steel , Shipbuilding, wooden, Indndjug boat building. New vessels Small boats Shirts Signs and advertising novelties . . . . . Slaughtering and meat packing Soap Stamped and enameled ware , Stationery goods Statuary and eit goods , Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Stoves, hot-air furnaces, and flieless cookers. Structural Ironwork, not made In steel works or rolling mills. Tinware Tobacco, chewing, smoking, and snuff. Tobacco, cigars Tools, carpenters' and mlscellaneODS Trunks and valises Umbrellas and canes Upholstering materials Vmegar and cider Waste, cotton Wirework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied. Woolen and worsted goods , All other industries* 7 239 11 26 14 188 51 16 i g 21 g 365 928 90 181 182 1,633 47 16 2 7 26 25 24 8 16 14 68 49 12 13 14 6 90 60 4 23 11 3 18 194 872 44 134 133 1,367 3 217 201 16 11 2,416 2,287 129 2 202 195 7 1 166 163 13 8 1,765 1,699 66 174 146 28 109 94 15 872 4,961 675 308 783 437 2,848 2S 491 987 3,781 14 532 68 205 378 376 104 261 433 2,407 53 183 29 45 29 72 8 7 S 89 3 24 834 1,951 858 47 324 2 4 91 '"'28' 13 25 23 6 12 34 202 65 1 31 8 83 17 1 28 777 1,637 662 39 225 3 31 545 244 ■■■■33' 15 12 23 5 3 3 504 191 6 25 4 6 22 112 132 410 341 2,376 14 19 1 4 21 2 10 11 13 35 5' 15 6 267 1 2 3 5 52 95 96 380 313 2,011 11 5 6 6 9 430 2,895 51 75 384 5 5' 6 4 14 55 1 6 17 102 178 11 1 26 37 64 6 1 10 272 2,598 28 61 327 9 1,049 11 28 119 32 869 27 1,709 18 61 200 30 1,400 7 9 33 279 8 7 2 10 1 61 "■'is' 22 196 747 15 18 6 3,247 186 1,007 35 801 6 13 6 58 15 62 S 76 9 96 E 24 7 27 2 2,289 149 820 18. IS 5 3 18 378 32 42 380 6 8 4 14 24 7 3 14 6 3 1 21 4 1 1 4 339 13 33 327 19 8 153 190 22 4 6 8 3 3 1 1 121 174 22 226 891 12,603 16 120 36 389 32 985 12 363 795 10,746 Au 201 Fe 216 Jy 1, 136 Oc 56 De s 138 Au 202 Se 1,456 (') 8 Fe 1,747 My 127 My 445 De 2,485 (*) 8 Ap 911 My 1,920 De 731 Oc 55 Fe 242 My 822 Mh 119 Je 144 Ja 423 Au« 325 De 2,736 Ap 304 My 2,749 Oc 45 Mh 77 Se 344 Mh 909 Jy 1,609 Ap Jy 210 Mh 2,351 My 187 Ap 859 Ap8 19 Bo 369 Au8 14 No 42 Je 348 Fo F« 138 197 MhB 863 Fe Au Ja Je Se 174 484 37 130 Ja 100 De 1,281 (0 8 Jy 1,660 De 61 Jy 412 Jy 2,365 (0 8 Jy 630 Ja 1,356 Au 694 Ja 6 Se 212 Se 196 79 De" Oc 69 Jy 343 De 293 Au 1,645 Ja 225 De 2,378 My 21 Ja 49 Je 301 De 816 De 1,065 No Au 16 176 Ap 2,184 De 120 De 760 No ' 17 De 284 Jaa 12 Jys 28 Co 309 Se Au 93 155 De 667 185 191 899 60 140 190 1,413 8 1,804 1,747 67 2,979 2,^536 8 753 1,462 737 41 233 87 102 2,143 241 2,646 31 61 316 815 1,210 26 180 2,476 141 800 19 14 40 335 132 181 777 100 73 13 132 1,381 1,334 1,285 49 2,099 1,691 736 1,316 626 41 229 479 188 87 101 29 148 2,018 166 2,243 16 61 313 812 1,207 16 97 1,804 128 611 8 129 177 86 117 ■"36 105 391 386 5 660 3 142 108 1 334 137 90 75 385 14 657 12 157 10 46 2 23 26 67 64 3 182 179 11 11 30 $689,823 601,372 1,759,652 372,774 112,137 358,009 3,703,906 20,440 3,745,300 3,478,560 266,760 6,948,683 1,408,271 6,428,116 112,296 1,442,705 4,961,211 1,689,179 170,463 748,329 3,760,779 348,676 148,786 199,791 623,282 264,374 10,386,426 1,143,593 7,505,886 88,660 163,858 1,375,397 2,477,548 3,734,319 75,806 1,818,361 2,360,950 570,540 2,200,386 53,702 1,139,803 33,621 40,000 983,079 196,148 216,041 1,809,092 42,434,801 1 Owned power only. s Includes rented power, other than electric, * All other industries embrace- Aluminum ware Artificial flowers Asbestos products Babbitt metal and solder Bags, other than paper B^s, paper Baking powder and yeast Belting, leather Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing ; Boot and shoe cut stock Boots and shoes, rubber Butter, reworking Buttons Cars, steam-railroad, not including operations of railroad companies. . . 2 Cash renters 1 Charcoal 1 Chocolate and cocoa products 1 Clocks 1 Clothing, men's, buttonholes 1 Coke, not including gas-house coke... 2 Cordage and twine 3 Cordials and flavoring sirups 4 Cotton goods 2 Drug grinding 1 Dyeing and finishing textiles 2 Dyestuffls and extracts 2 Engraving and diesinHng 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate, in- cluding plate printing 2 Envelopes 2 Explosives 2 Felt goods 2 Fertilizers 1 Files, „ and banners 2 Purs, dressed 5 Galvanizing 1 Gas machines and gas and water me- ters 3 Glass..', 1 Glucose and starch 1 (Jlue 2 Digitized by Microsoft® Gold and silver, reducing and refin- ing, not from the ore 1 Graphite, ground and refined 1 Hair work 2 Hammocks 3 Hand stamps 4 Hardware, saddlery 3 Hats, fur-felt 1 Hats, straw 2 Horseshoes, not made In steel works or rolling mills 2 Ice, manuiactured 2 Ink, writing 2 Instruments, professional and scien- tific , g MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. 1661 EXPENSES. Value ot products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Bent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gener- ated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. •Wage earners. Rent ot laotory. Taxes, includ- ing in- ternal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 127,763 37,023 38,S24 23,115 27,914 19,171 140,431 1,040 298,381 275,452 22,929 510,080 136,435 «S,331 58,314 46,921 93,450 34,287 5,100 45,380 34,883 16,781 2,160 14,621 39,962 51,028 100,545 48,063 184,282 2,000 9,076 67,103 136,974 136,401 2,684 34,422 88,365 22,586 118,918 5,400 58,354 6,600 3,075 25,939 7,980 11,099 64,973 992,219 $35,369 84,588 15,852 24.217 17,615 5,205 76,130 198, 958 35,925 851,624 337, 129 438,105 76,390 83,281 261,524 59,007 1,018 68,240 26,917 4,784 540 4,244 9,661 7,448 238,874 191,010 258,705 20,356 708 29,673 173,640 263,234 372 74,175 86,279 9,208 176,373 9,356 8,676 3,012 1,100 24,933 2,408 3,378 196,880 85,788 550,775 17,574 116,785 52,258 925,850 4,200 1,096,256 1,062, on 34,185 1,787,828 387,478 1,395,772 4,578 392,636 1,005,389 354, 193 30,625 153,687 298,915 121,678 63,724 67,954 168,139 127,340 1,227,444 132, 259 1,433,858 13,739 44,580 206,397 515,733 1,059,144 10,862 89,498 1,232,491 86,204 395,387 9,152 171,552 7,7.?1 9,700 198,244 62,576 81,629 31,009 374,081 1,253,264 6,297,257 S2,095 210 1,123 600 71,230 14,620 66, 610 245,180 64,018 18, 895 162,267 10, 928 9,319 80 182 1,500 12,364 15 61,457 26,784 100 2,775 26,721 316 265 100 7,616 $1,785 16,207 617 2,370 2,445 190 113,957 107, 837 6,120 125,101 11,796 105,380 7,925 50 660 37, 706 1,600 3,200 5,166 260 4,906 1,860 5,744 24,699 3,061 3,481 4,144 6,032 2,175 10,048 2,335 12,853 62, 931 4,039 8,829 1,744 2,644 600 360 2,284 1,941 272 4,020 109, 693 $7,030 6,074 7,735 3,183 657 1,703 29,170 350 30,682 28, 741 1,941 63.731 16, 440 46,654 637 14, 787 29, 110 18, 582 464 12,222 27,686 2,931 1,052 1,879 4,476 1,612 64,558 14,533 67,663 896 980 10,859 28,735 25,807 688 627,171 368, 797 3,459 22,159 301 11,325 848 743 11,187 1,263 2,308 16,484 2,990,392 $377,762 336,641 243,861 68,757 87,422 194,589 1,368,578 1,650 1,601,616 1,638,928 64,688 2,262,740 569,767 1,646,448 66,536 874, 795 4,016,384 2.032,184 30,681 1,982,129 230, 524 193, 477 103,770 89, 707 366, 334 200, 581 28,388,714 1,355,388 2,877,884 98,614 19,888 361,177 1,261,803 2,825,090 16,210 1,803,520 116,511 1,163,461 64,486 612, 425 65, 735 33,200 786, 193 90,109 83,546 1,223,317 20,208,907 $13,966 5,488 75,106 2,442 5,398 2,543 147, 707 1,650 51,670 50,381 1,289 112,729 25,274 87,305 150 18,235 78, 870 11,085 7,446 21, 144 21,999 5,155 2,344 2,811 2,797 3,462 148,853 13,857 177,647 466 1,040 12,633 46,014 61,231 1,607 5,985 17, 898 9,467 16, 178 695 16,219 1,221 1,646 24,505 2,380 9,409 36, 159 2,928,769 $743,426 973,084 1,116,862 259, 824 307,617 328,260 3,538,437 9,625 4,239,861 3,898,918 340,943 8,098,914 2,210,732 6, 413, 908 474,274 ■ 1,812,763 7,382,108 3,0iJ7,179 105, 969 2,517,271 851,281 402, 807 195,440 207,367 702,785 445,338 32,180,684 2, 894, 103 6,362,879 158,173 96,208 879, 730 2,851,483 4, 779, 453 37, 843 2,090,189 4, 688, 800 295, 675 2,240,996 95,508 994,070 102, 763 73, 530 1,298,855 215,683 227,861 1,955,742 43, 714, 141 $361,698 630,957 798, 895 . 188,625 214,799 131,128 2,022,162 6,425 2,588,575 2,311,609 274, 966 6,723,445 1, 625, 701 3,680,155 1,543,666 1,903,132 20,026 1,285,366 2,867,384 169, 697 1,061,357 30, 327 45,807 38,685 488,157 123,194 134, 907 20,576,476 8 Same number reported for one or more other months. 860 94 4,181 133 49 141 2,685 665 25 455 295 69 3,643 13 49 17 642 556 "'i26' 10 1,383 ill 60 2,135 63 8 1 37 1,674 1,667 7 4,169 25 58 58 12 129 129 1 1 1,486 1,479 7 3,180 7 7 55 417 542 30 858 3,311 ""■"ii?" 23 519 2 28 833 2,347 38 17 1,403 4,107 298 435 719 998 2,845 103 4 401 1,262 185 54 1 288 ■ 96 10 15 200 80 3,397 478 2,920 188 477 101 714 3 189 208 270 164 105 3,759 115 73 150 25 3,430 90 99 3 98 14 80 309 3 ""n 'i,'465" 20 339 3,481 18 16 493 317 3,070 22 411 18 16 84 251 2,301 "'22i' 150 269 1,408 677 731 300 2,730 1,937 24 769 1,763 24 291 "■"256" 24 6 35 67 496 1,087 20 1,769 78 71 742 42' 1,039 20 18 ...... 47 421 48 20 120 6 44 306 '""16" 880 54 ""w 1,525 61 ■■■■374' 4 ""27" 60 120 22 2 594 617 460 638 93 8 41 73 15 2,103 32,933 1,012 24,669 72 1,147 980 1,092 39 6,982 102 13,868, 417,589 15 919,733 3,287,064 1,013,910 67,842 513,998 598, 758 204, 175 89, 326 114,849 333, 834 241,295 3,643,117 1,524,858 3,297,448 59, 194 75,280 605,920 47 ' Same number reported throughout the year. Iron, and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made In steel works oinrfling mills 1 Hon and steel foreiiigs, not made in steel works or rolling mills 2 Ironandsteel, nails and spikes, out and wrought, including wire nails, not made in steel worl^ or lolling mills. 2 lamps and reflectors 2 I 'sadTbar, pipe, and sheet. 1 iinen goods 1 Liquors, distilled 2 Liquors, -rinoua 1 Lubricating greases 1 Matches....... ----v........ 1 Uinerals and eartbs, ground , 3 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts Mucilage and paste . . . : '. Musical instruments and materials, not specified Musical instruments, organs Oil, essential Oil, linseed ; : Oil, not elsewhere specified. Optical goods Pens, fountain and stylographlc Pocketbooks ; Printing materials . Pumps, not including power pui^s . Roonng materials Safes and vaults Sand and emerv paperand clot! nervpaperiuid cloth..,.. Digitized by Scales and balances 1 Screws, machine 1 Show cases .".'.'.'.'* 2 Silk goods, including throwsters 1 Smelting and refining, zinc 1 Smelting and refining, not from tlie ore 1 Soda-water apparatus 1 Sporting and athletic goods 4 Springs, steel, car and carriage 1 Steam packing i Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Sugai, beet 3 Surgical appliances 5 Microsoft® Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven • goods 4 Toys and games 3 Vault lights and ventilators 1 Wall plaster 4 Washmg machines and clothes wring- ers 3 Wheelbarrows 1 Windmills 6 Window and door screens and weathei strips ... J 2 Window shades and fixtures 2 Wire 1 Wood distillation 3 Wool shoddy 1 1662 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OP 50,000 INHABITANTS INDrSTBT AND CITY. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED Dl THE INDCSTKT. WAGE EAKNEES DEC. IB, OE NEAB- EST BEPBESEIIIATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Salar Tied offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Male. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, ISth day of— MaJe. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOKE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. UHiWA'D'EEE— All industries. Agricultural Implements Artificial limbs Artificial stone products Automobile bodies and parts. Automobile repairing Awnings, tents, and sails Bookbiuoing and blank-book mak- ing. Boots and shoes. Boxes, fancy and paper.. Boxes, wooden packing. . Brass, bronze, and copper products. Bread and other bakery products. Brooms, from broom com Brushes, exclusive of paint and varnish. Carriages and wagons Clothing, men's Clothing, women's Confectionery and ice cream Confectionery Ice cream Cooperage Copper, tin, andsheet-iron products Electrical machinery, apparatus, and supplies. Electroplating Engines, steam, gas, and water Food preparations Foundry and machine-shop prod- ucts. Boiler shops Foundries Machine shops Fur goods Furniture ^ Glass, cutting, staining, and orna- menting. Gloves and mittens, leather Hatsand caps, other thanfelt,straw, and wool. Hosiery and knit goods Iron and steel, steel works and roll- ing mills. Jewelry Leather, tanned, curried, and fin- ished. Liquors, malt Lithographing Liunber,plamng-mill products, not including planing mills connected with sawmills. Malt Marble and stone work, other than slate. Mattresses and spring beds Millinery and lace goods. Mineral and soda waters Models and patterns, not including paper patterns. Paints Patent medicines and compounds . . Photo-engraving Plumbers' supphes, not elsewhere Dpecifled. Printing and publishing Job printing Book publishing without print- ing, and linotype work. Printing and publishing, news- papers and penodicals. Printing and publishing Printing and publishing and job prmting. Publishing without printing. . . . aiery and harness Saddlery and harness, 1,728 16 19 324 12 7 24 3 110 98 12 46 9 14 23 23 73,370 19 14 73 623 63 60 4,168 1,116 453 1,837 56 134 185 2,412 525 1,825 1,689 136 171 2,195 41 2,658 165 5,365 113 953 223 1,445 94 779 3,245 2,066 73 3,972 508 1,442 223 557 280 791 60 144 279 176 159 338 1,668 1,544 124 1,504 778 637 563 1,378 2,171 7 328 15 3 23 4 21 81' 21 13 27 32 20 118 43 14 221 8 26 187 20 35 16 31 18 20 3 15 15 13 12 9 113 101 12 91 40 29 22 .12 1 Owned power only. 6,152 49 249 46 26 20 147 12 213 23 190 174 16 4 9 373 1 128 16 424 38 378 20 117 5 50 1 163 139 1 246 341 38 22 14 24 148 ,120 28 496 330 152 14 , 48 115 36 3 5 60 62 33 25 16 9 2 4 72 2 35 8 103 10 81 66 15 183 84 60 39 7, Digitized by Mh 61,839 7 6 60 522 43 41 567 3,711 1,018 847 394 1,270 41 102 147 2,049 434 1,532 1,435 97 155 258 1,632 31 2,450 118 4,581 95 881 3,605 162 1,228 65 681 70 2,871 1,858 56 3,650 3,610 428 1,272 168 465 212 656 36 100 178 111 120 305 1,230 1,166 64 718 32» 391 Mh65,297 Au i'i My My' Je De Ja Oc Jy Mh Ja' Ja Je 11 6 87 613 46 64 640 3,934 1,061 413 1,326 43 108 165 Pe » 2, 195 Se 478 No Je Je 1,658 149 240 297 Fe 1,8 Ap Ja Au 36 3,276 147 107 Ja Mh 1 My 4,159 Do 204 Mh 1,347 Oo 68 Fe Jes 775 72 Fe 2,949 Mh 2,055 (0 56 Mh 4,111 Jy 3,984 My 453 Ap 1,312 Ja Se« 229 495 Je 232 Fe 1,073 Aus Je Je Fe 183 125 Des 124 Fe 337 Fe 1,214 My 128 My Ja De 334 407 4 509 No 67,049 Au Oc Jas Jy 20 474 40 29 502 No 3,451 Fe 968 No 724 De 355 Ja 1, 194 Au 38 De 93 No 133 Oc 1,746 De 402 Jy 1,240 Ja 65 Fe 113 De 5 227 De 1,447 Se3 29 Oc 1,937 Ja 89 Je 85 Oc 728 No 2,851 Ap 130 De 1,111 Ja 62 De Mh 594 Se 2, 834 De 1,656 0) 56 Se 3,312 De 3,310 De 389 Se 1,185 Au De De No la' Se Ja Au Se De 105 413 192 169 96 116 252 Jy 1,130 De 50 Jy No 307 374 4 424 62,555 49 535 42 37 640 3,708 990 879 359 1,260 40 90 140 1,989 425 1,648 1,552 96 147 247 1,720 30 2,672 145 4,592 87 876 3,629 192 1,132 66 634 71 2,848 1,870 56 3,753 3,780 442 214 425 207 734 34 110 179 113 126 310 1,269 1,217 52 785 456 4 510 49,124 11,858 7 6 49 517 25 2,313 418 749 352 937 40 61 677 93 565 476 89 146 247 1,628 30 2,670 104 4,530 87 853 3,590 1,073 262 50 321 1,866 50 3,450 369 1,227 214 422 167 160 34 102 150 31 118 288 919 875 44 631 305 322 4 406 14 3 12 283 1,225 455 112 7 304 10 1 1,248 323 802 795 7 116 16 343 21 2,322 1 302 121 61 1 24 568 18 281 6 82 754 12 20 11 819 28 52 224 224 18 176 13 $240,780,283 46,709 16,423 81,984 1,094,791 83,876 69,782 671,141 8,956,350 1,949,709 1,752,468 1,196,871 3,518,221 27,269 189,308 310,305 4,103,956 306^993 2,379,922 1,771,327 608,595 383, 309 426,267 5,627,395 26,407 14,058,014 483, 109 11,362,940 217,473 1,512,638 9,632,829 924,116 3,013,732 72,302 1,276,740 67,760 4,923,312 6,860,922 81,899 22,103,316 54,938,633 1,093,903 3,104,628 6,036,854 1,310,545 695,678 956,408 69,252 92,458 1,286,069 129,901 91,077 1,029,684 2,779,112 2,520,903 258,209 2,295,564 1,034,966 1,209,602 60,996 1,057,653 2 Includes rented power, other than electric. MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1663 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. . Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Elec- tric horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments report- ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of ■ factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.! In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.!! Water wheels and mo- tors.i Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MORE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. S5, 371, 093 5,480 8,734 69,081 1,580 3,700 38,383 191,718 67,082 39.671 53,648 72,270 18,327 192,490 38,484 136,140 99,842 36,298 18,531 26,616 248,678 108,236 42,198 543,320 18,864 78,111 446,345 30,842 124, 191 5,132 68,092 2,850 145,993 187,798 3,440 169,915 333,494 75,645 108,733 78,676 55,649 24,141 64,295 3,600 18,620 38,660 18,036 23,754 28,700 203,401 181, 134 22,267 188,717 94,914 57,343 36,460 20,136 !8, 101, 517 468 1,225 41,219 7,916 2,500 52,799 458,525 70,313 59,945 23,775 170,390 22,234 4,902 340,698 38,115 220,731 201,920 18,811 5,424 10,103 509,279 1,404 201,321 18,885 482,150 5,770 44,803 431,577 29,616 147,471 5,011 47,876 560 340,520 179,937 2,132 285,423 549,791 63,029 135,122' 47,020 31,690 23,501 118,231 7,139 60,039 36,690 17,227 12,166 205,540 169,615 35,925 607,147 280,815 186,910 39,422 39,100 136,270,148 5,526 4,640 36,227 386,714 32,282 22,082 263,334 1,763,018 434,018 386,141 232,721 682,956 24,157 49,006 103,144 869,920 166,646 615,517 541,262 74,255 95,086 178,057 1,040,454 21,026 2,154,395 65,741 2,797,353 65,918 447,837 2,283,598 99,177 681,306 34,337 252,372 42,970 1,170,113 1,178,440 39,029 2,105,995 2,646,384. 307,031 819,305 189,164 395,406 121,595 321,507 30, 102 63,793 96,502 48,935 107,467 164,402 798,738 765,942 32,796 566,221 290,841 272, 273 3,107 238,606 8 Same ntmiber reported $773,286 491 9,917 20, 701 23,767 400 63 532 1,120 132,805 500 7,304 5,861 1,443 3,404 5,264 25,000 37 3,153 600 26,365 26,365 715 100 1,434 18,386 10,000 143,358 4,118 60,776 7,849 62,927 140,061 62,700 7,344 70,017 840 Jl,083,406 3,578 1,397 19,061 4,809 2,087 24,694 25,994 26,671 3,316 7,496 69,821 1,152 5,722 4,521 57,631 19,733 19, 717 15,462 4,255 3,390 10,587 22,871 2,873 9,390 21,985 53,844 2,310 5,407 46,127 20,811 20,714 4,890 18,341 2,820 44,762 7,780 3,410 27,333 10,281 10,094 1,934 1,642 6,263 3,754 16,883 3,170 879 5,186 4,907 210 11,451 7,979 82,373 76,253 6,120 45,973 8,486 32,648 4,839 21,520 for one of $7,803,154 50 102 482 622 3,570 65, 825 21,257 14,559 15,401 38,953 328 1,457 3,313 27,833 1,615 37,251 31,943 5,308 2,076 3,131 54,333 245 103,550 5,074 129,326 2,612 17,230 109,483 6,696 29,552 401 10,318 317 46,969 78,711 102 154,927 4,149,050 13,426 30,432 38,741 10,325 5,371 17,580 1,229 507 16,336 1,366 576 7,756 19,156 17,231 1,925 23,098 14,002 $119,526,470 9,199 5,167 66,408 491,691 33,066 59,348 391,138 8,059,716 877,450 1,187,104 675,545 2,445,738 76,214 77,024 111,946 2,931,500 482,190 3,043,772 2,706,016 337,756 241,417 291,999 1,300,369 9,912 2,832,124 576,449 4,088,612 117,402 303,823 3,667,387 270,084 959,704 48,819 850,100 71,842 3,306,828 3,142,869 48,445 17,481,890 8,518,836 382,017 1,557,244 3,729,051 418, 161 368,627 1,186,696 28,764 32,885 1,081,614 139, 432 82,001 314,241 988,206 923,520 64,686 1,178,100 443,776 685,361 48,91 [Mmzm-\ r mote other months. $5,349,465 $223,555,142 y 482 319 1,819 18,714 1,254 779 7,332 45,316 54,604 6,231 27,065 101,405 538 3,296 6,079 15,241 3,514 53, 143 32,285 20,858 2,232 7,251 96,644 1,988 135,481 22,678 239,487 4,772 . 68,159 166,556 2,981 30,315 1,685 7,668 1,233 40,393 295,564 624 183,865 410, 198 11,291 28,789 108,045 21,369 5,399 11,128 969 2,430 13,520 1,970 4,742 8,822 32,384 31, 222 1,162 32,128 18,956 13,163 .19 24,158 23,392 144,878 1,194,908 106,040 107,977 933,693 11,665,824 1,959,199 2,084,421 1,175,107 4,571,057 121, 120 236,563 309,741 5,229,460 862, 797 4,943,459 4,364,647 578,812 391,579 635,662 3,994,646 48,873 6,197,813 843,326 9,902,102 224,433 1,040,644 8,637,025 540,315 2,396,501 127,248 1,339,292 152,858 7,184,755 5.645,308 106,930 22,893,306 27,681,810 1,102,271 2,848,626 4,753,945 1,014,498 664,904 2,154,658 100,450 156,100 1,631,546 497,611 279,442 587,963 2,894,976 2,563,027 331,949 3,384,512 1,735,807 1,403,975 $98,679,207 14,477 17,906 76,651 684,503 71,720 47,850 535,223 3,560,792 1,027,245 891,086 472,497 2,023,914 44,368 156,243 191,716 2,282,719 377,093 1,846,544 1,626,346 220, 198 147,930 336,412 2,597,633 36,973 3,230,208 244,199 5,574,003 102,259 668,662 4,803,082 267,250 1,406,482 76,744 481,524 79,783 3,837,534 2,206,875 57,861 5,227,551 18,752,776 708,963 1,262,593 916,849 574,968 290,878 956,834 70,717 120,785 436,312 356,209 192,699 264,900 1,874,386 1,608,285 266, 101 2,174,284 1,273,075 705,461 195,748 R) 677,349 122,178 iT 3 104 558 35 12 192 2,574 1,382 2,335 631 696 23 104 223 278 71 2,073 1,213 860 248 90 2,647 56 2,270 873 7,336 186 992 6,158 56 1,952 60 441 13 1,462 14,755 25 11,295 15,579 463 3,014 2,615 1,374 443 311 32 127 820 40 34 275 1,159 1,153 6 1,555 331 2,252 1,277 2,215 210 84 101 65 1,400 1,050 350 205 1,185 1,975 •500 4,855 125 500 4,230 1,815 278 1,145 12,635 9,717 12,528 145 2,852 2,615 680 370 300 585 10 275 220 220 35 S 140 214 25 700 350 65 162 HI 111 100 2 • Same number reported throughout the year. 25,344 5 3 75 152 35 12 287 105 120 355 567 16 72 80 203 71 655 145 510 43 52 1,454 51 155 373 2,267 61 467 1,739 36 109 62 163 13 317 1,420 25 1,228 3,051 318 107 632 73 11 24 122 235 30 34 1,000 994 6 1,335 660 675 87 50,475 1,163 759 1,294 25 5 673 693 80 1 2,516 3,837 4,387 60 470 3,857 13 494 157 761 7,605 8,945 3,232 117 403 557 860 208 108 125 1664 MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. Table 37.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE AND FOR CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS tNDUSTBT AND QTY. Num- ber of estab- Ush- ments. PEBSONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. ■WAGE EAKNERS DEC. t6, OB NEAR- EST EEPBE3ENTATIVE DAT. Capital. Total. Pro- prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Sala- ried offi- cers, su- perin- lend- ents, and man- agers. Clerks, etc. Wage earners. Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Wale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, 15th day of— Male. Fe- male. Male. Fe- male. Maximum month. Minimum month. CITIES OF S0,-000 INHABITANTS OR MGEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. 10 MILWAUKEE— Continued. Sausage Slaugfitering and meat packing Steam fittings and steam and hot- water heating apparatus. Structural ironwork, not made in steel works or rolling mills. Tobacco, chewing and smoking, ■ and snuff. Tobacco, cigars Trunks and valises Wlrework, including wire rope and cable. Wood, turned and carved All other industries* 232 8 7 4 242 285 1,160 338 934 274 1,220 610 26 11 17, 870 12 12 1 14 4 234 5 7 8 135 31 124 113 51 35 62 1 1,515 205 994 758 194 904 418 16 Fe 223 De 1,329 Se 309 Se Je8 Mh Ap Je Jy 859 204 982 443 21 Se Au Je 194 766 264 De 560 Au 174 De De De3 844 385 13 215 987 590 178 1,025 415 13 5 15,351 211 942 284 587 95 677 313 13 5 13,250 83 344 1,852 13 144 105 $685,455 6,164,623 1,269,611 2,065,108 1,815,592 893,178 974,842 27,918 10,773 53,520,145 *A11 other industries embrace- Artificial flowers Automobiles Babbitt metal and solder Bags, other than paper Bags, paper Baking powder and yeast Baskets, and rattan and willow ware. Belting, leather Billiard tables and materials Blacking, stains, and dressings Bluing -. Boots and shoes, cut stock Boot and shoe findings Boxes, cigar Brick and tile Carpets, rag Carriage and wagon materials Carriages and sleds, children's Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electric-railroad com- panies 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies 2 Cheese 1 Chemicals 2 Chocolate and cocoa products 1 Cleansing and polishing preparations 5 Clocks 1 Clothing, horse 3 Clothing, men's, buttonholes 1 Coffee and spice, roasting and grind- ing 4 Coffins, burial oases, and undertakers' goods 2 Coke ,.... 1 Cordage and twine 3 Cordials and flavoring sirups 2 Dairymen's, poultrymen's, and api- arists' supplies 3 Dental goods 4 Druggists' preparations 6 Dyeing and finishing textiles 1 Engraving and diesinking 1 Engraving, steel and copper plate 2 Envelopes 2 Fancy articles, not elsewhere specified 1 Felt goods 1 Files 1 Flags andTbarmers 1 Flavoring extracts 4 Flour-mlll and gristmill products 3 Furnishing goods, men's 2 Furs, dressed 2 Galvanizing 1 Gas and electric fixtures 5 Gas, illuminating and heating 2 Gas machines and gas and water meters 2 Glass 1 Gold and silver,reducingandreflning, not from the ore 1 Grease and tallow 3 Hair work 2 Hammocks 1 Hand stamps 3 Hardware 4 Hats, straw 2 HousB-Iurnishing goods 4 Ice, manufactured. 1 Ink, writing 1 Instruments, professional and scien- tific 2 Iron andsteel, blast furnaces 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. appieton Ashland Beloit Eau Claire . . Fond du Lac Green Bat., janesville . . . Kenosha La Ckosse Madison Manitowoc... Marinette... OSHKOSH Racine Sheboygan... Stjpekioe Wausau 107 2,494 97 98 109 46 2,144 37 924 35 38 39 15 797 50 3,826 43 69 143 44 3,527 94 2,661 61 95 123 67 2,315 100 2,292 86 79 149 53 1,925 104 3,103 75 126 125 53 2,724 71 1,974 60 103 241 75 1,495 75 8,056 64 190 490 157 7,155 167 4,364 143 230 514 137 3,340 122 2,780 99 161 294 142 2,084 77 2,378 78 88 150 SO 2,012 51 2,335 53 62 63 45 2,112 157 6,582 122 199 380 99 5,782 189 13,184 126 601 1,880 498 10,079 132 7,997 80 203 436 126 7,152 111 2,482 98 95 128 40 2,121 85 2,785 54 89 121 29 2,492 Ap 2,255 Vo 844 P'e 3,926 Mh 2,578 Oo 2,092 l^ 2,836 ^ 1,617 7,997 Je 3,404 Ap 2,188 Se 2,268 Mh 2,417 Mh 6,316 Mh 11,360 Au 7)573 Je 2,267 Jy 2,816 De De De Je Ja 2,017 663 3,192 2,153 1,739 De 2,610 De 1,379 De 6,098 De 3,245 Oo 1,960 No 1,644 Au 1,886 Ja 4,934 Oe 8,713 De 6,810 De 1,926 No 2,108 2,070 780 3,598 2,517 2,058 2,726 l,5lS 7,053 3,407 2,096 2,258 2,234 5,826 10,149 7,367 2,121 2,865 1,723 749 3,314 2,299 1,704 2,320 1,103 6,148 2,524 1,757 1,863 1,953 4,733 8,707 6,497 1,992 2,492 332 27 276 189 335 390 391 325 330 263 1,009 1,209 651 128 352 37 27 10 31 10 40 206 154 1 21 $9,055,235 3,467,728 9,646,910 7,692,995 6,353,010 6,852,673 5,219,688 26,530,320 15,891,734 8,081,624 9,723,120 4,652,289 15,613,283 67,634,525 21,481,364 7,049,753 6,986 922 lOwned power only. a Includes rented power, ether than electric. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WISCONSIN. 1665 OR MORE, BY INDUSTRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914— Continued. EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manufac- ture. POWER. Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Kent and taxes .~ For materials. Primary horsepower. Eleo- trio horse- power gene- rated in estab- lish- ments- report ing. Officials. Clerks, etc. ■Wage earners. Bent of factory. Taxes, including internal revenue and cor- poration mcome. Principal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.i In- ternal com- bus- tion en- gines.2 Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). CITIES OF 50,000 INHABITANTS OR MOEE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES— Continued. $43,144 29,995 51,553 72,175 34,422 • 60,936 39,905 1,859 1,080,367 $57,890 105,679 26,430 134,825 74,175 41,889 94,246 1,070 1,929,024 $135,747 621,114 186,762 666,865 .88,940 505,533 189,619 14,715 2,185 9,009,610 $80 1,500 61,457 12,764 50 49,447 $1,560 22,909 1,867 10,033 12,853 27,770 7,249 1,944 249 193,099 $11,805 27,785 10,467 15, 474 526,189 119,184 10,873 67 'l25 1,864,820 $1,896,276 13,590,999 311,243 1,484,880 797,413 699,556 586,456 13,821 4,390 22,053,260 $18,215 72,021 10,242 24,955 5,917 4,407 5,771 544 595 3,090,277 $2,384,417 15,546,207 783,193 2,631,552 2,085,177 1,904,035 1,152,137 33,079 15,657 47,051,980 $469,926 1,883,187 461,708 1,121,717 1,281,847 1,200,072 559,910 18,714 10,672 21,908,443 633 2,213 432 490 1,405 160 15 128 808 33 80 "'221' 249 1,326 980 22 324 1,002 284 260 2 32 20 283 26 '"'264' 16 4 19 5 ""eoo' 21 20 34,014 20 6,252 io.'m' 26,619 1,143 Iron and steel, bolts, nuts, washers, and rivets, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Iron and steel, nails and spikes, cut and WTou^t, including wire nails, not made in steel works or rolling mills 1 Lamps and reflectors 1 Lead) bar, pipe, and sheet 1 Leather goods, not elsewhere specified 1 Liquors, dlstuled 1 Liquors, vinous 1 Looking-glass and picture frames 3 Uinerals and earths, ground 2 UQiTors, framed and unframed 3 Motorcycles, bicycles, and parts 4 Mucilage and paste 3 Musicalinstruments and materials... 1 Musical instruments, organs 2 Musical instruments, pianos Oil. not elsewhere specified Optical goods Paper goods, not elsewhere specified. Perfumery and cosmetics Pickles, preserves, and sauces Pocket books Pottery Printing materials Pumps, not including power pumps . . Refrigerators Roofing materials Rubber goods, not elsewhere specified Safes and vaults , Sand-lime brick Screws, machine Shipbuilding, iron and steel Shipbuilding, wooden, including boat building Shirts 1 Signs and advertising novelties 4 Smelting and refining, not from the ore 1 Soap 6 Soda-water apparatus 1 Sporting and athletic goods 2 Stamped and enameled ware 2 Stationery goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Statuary and art goods 5 Steam packing 1 Stereotyping and electrotyping 2 Stoves and not-air furnaces 2 Stoves, gas and oil 1 Surgicalappliances 2 Suspenders, garters, and elastic woven goods 3 Tinware, not elsewhere specified 2 Tools, not elsewhere specified 3 Toys and games 2 Umbrellas and canes 5 Upholstering materials 1 Vmegar and cider 2 Wall plaster 2 Waste 1 Window and door screens and weather strips 2 Wire 1 Wooden goods, not elsewhere speci- fied 1 Woolen goods 1 Wool shoddy 1 Worsted goods 2 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $200,993 79,040 165,989 181,125 172,425 199,296 205,403 606,329 451,140 348,161 182,644 140,296 438,383 1,515,983 498,181 168,840 180,494 $107,720 52,733 223,812 158,844 171,807 135,359 307,158 721,082 613,525 219,548 90,219 503,935 2,650,104 489,938 172,372 143,592 $1,231,127 509,741 2,346,020 1,245,727 999,643 1,464,776 865,242 4,652,708 1,879,262 1,345,971 1,045,545 1,085,357 2,803,690 6,765,404 3,369,880 1,382,305 1,363,632 $44,976 6,496 4,260 8,709 38,377 6,672 12,172 1,933 7,492 100,032 21,820 183,089 9,006 23,364 3,311 51,214 84,979 $26,846 2,867 14,843 14,061 11,159 12,899 17,982 12,549 37,733 36,518 11,240 7,183 25,684 92,492 25,167 39,099 7,661 $170,424 70,327 66,476 112,461 78,946 133,421 58,463 200,437 602,690 122,208 131,713 119,801 206,027 467,468 223,592 78,090 143,689 $4,444,564 945,983 2,861,970 4,011,022 4,518,271 3,807,493 2,972,969 18,894,472 7,587,173 2,633,536 5,186,363 2,272,851 6,632,681 19,572,607 8,861,293 8,289,466 4,416,542 $31.5,930 131,443 161,031 196,537 100,585 262,501 93,285 372,963 226,953 161,036 171,553 71,960 174,309 689,012 300,692 156,741 113,437 $7,567,673 1,827,032 6,927,601 6,773,829 6,760,860 6,797,505 5,659,226 28,341,156 14,739,232 6,206,970 8,460,694 4,674,473 13,889,936 43,652,384 17,509,450 11,662,566 7,325,304 $2,797,179 749,606 3,914,600 2,566,270 2,141,994 2,737,611 2,692,972 9,073,731 6,925,106 3,412,398 3,102,778 2,329,662 7,082,946 23,370,865 8,347,465 3,216,360 2, 795, 326 15,633 4,835 6,861 16,366 7,346 3,568 20,736 2,933 5,079 6,320 13,648 21,292 13,786 7,678 7,408 7,382 3,912 2,652 3,821 6,646 4,788 2,345 19,341 7,944 1,757 4,622 3,916 12,062 15,271 10,603 5,342 4,666 1,997 115 1,976 101 113 852 7 27 30 116 298 1,397 139 77 5,125 1,112 9,150 261 430 300 1,129 808 1,122 3,284 587 2,908 786 1,368 1,895 1,060 271 749 1,288 4,624 3,043 2,259 2,360 3,101 604 6,448 167 1,507 104 734 10,751 1,289 3,836 4,367 154 2,957 7,604 2,502 326 732 > Same num]>«i reported lor one or more other months. 82101°— 18 105 DigitizQd by Microsoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® WYOMING. By Walter H. Booth. GENERAL STATISTICS. General character of the state. — Wyoming was ad- mitted to the Union as a state in 1890. With a gross area of 97,914 square miles, of which 97,594 represent land surface, it ranks eighth in size among the states. It is traversed by the Rocky Moimtains, and the aver- age elevation is between 5,000 and 7,000 feet above sea level. In 1914 there were in Wyoming 49,302 square miles in imappropriated and unreserved public lands of the United States, 13,490 square miles in national forests, 3,128 square miles in the Yellowstone National Park, and 951 square miles in Indian reser- vations. The inhabitants of the state in 1900 num- bered 92,531, and in 1910, 145,965; and its estimated population in 1914 was 168,736. In both total pop- ulation and density of population Wyoming ranked forty-seventh in 1910, only one state, Nevada, falling below it in these respects. The mmiber of inhabitants per square mile in that year was 1.5, the corresponding figure for 1900 being nine-tenths of 1 per cent. The urban population in 1910 — that is, the popula- tion residing in cities and other incorporated places of 2,500 or more — ^was 43,221, or 29.6 per cent of the total population of the state, as against 28.8 per cent in 1900. There were in the state in 1914 only two cities estimated to have more than 10,000 inhabitants, namely, Cheyenne and Sheridan. These two cities, whose combined population in that year was esti- mated at 22,645, formed 13.4 per cent of the esti- mated total for Wyoming and reported 21.9 per cent of the value of the state's manufactured products. Stock raising is the leading industry, the agricul- traal lands of the state, through lack of water rather than poverty of soil, being fitted mainly for grazing. Irrigation is, however, practiced to some extent in every county. The total value of domestic animals sold or slaughtered on farms and ranges in 1909 amounted to $13,224, 680, and the value of all farm crops grown during the same year was $10,022,961, of which about three-fifths represented hay and forage. In sheep raising the state outranks all others. In 1910 the number of sheep and lambs in Wyoming was approximately 5,408,000, or about one-tenth of the total for the United States. The production of wool in 1909 was 42,800,000 poxmds, valued at $8,900,000, or nearly one-seventh of the total for the country. The value of the state's mineral products in 1914, according to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey, was $12,417,752, the principal item being bituminous coal, $10,033,747. Importance and growth of manufactures. — The manu- factures of the state are of comparatively little impor- tance. In 1914 the manufactured products of the state were valued at $11,223,415, and these industries gave employment to an average of 2,989 wage earners during the year. Table 1 summarizes the more important data rela- tive to aU classes of manufactures combined in the state, for the censuses of 1914, 1909, 1904, and 1899, and gives the percentages of increase. Table 1 Number ot establishments Persons engaged-.... i;"„'" Proprietors and firm members . . Salaried employees - . Wage earners (average number). Primary horsepower Capital • Salaries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work • ■ - ■ Bent and taxes (including mtemal revenue) . Cost of materials . VsJue ^Sedby mmufactare'Cvaiue'of products Vess'coit oY .inaterMs): MANTJFACTUEING INDUSTKIES. 1914 $29. i, 337 3,696 293 414 2,989 10,004 270,117, 842,738 530,984 311,754 39,199 209,632 559,387 223, 415 664,028 1909 268 1,393 7, $6,195, 2,391, 310, 2,080, 19, 89; 2,008,: 6, 249, (J 3,640,8 1904 $2,695, 1,467, 206, 1,261, 103, '34, ),300, 3,523, 2, 222, 1,163 150 179 ,834 ;,604 889 428 306 122 689 474 773 260 487 1899 139 87 2,060 3,820 2,047,883 1,299,770 90,647 1,209,123 m m 1,369,730 3,268,565 1, 898, 825 FEB CENT OP INCBEASE.! 1909- 1914 25.7 8.9 11.4 57.4 4.3 31.1 372.5 18.9 70.9 11.1 99.4 134.4 113.2 79.8 55.6 1904- 1909 100. 77. 63. 1899- 1904 58.6 21.6 56.9 75.3 46.9 56.3 -11.0 111.7 -5.7 129.8 31.6 63.0 12.9 60.6 127.6 65.0 4.3 -81.0 -6.0 7.8 17.0 1 A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted when base is less than 100 or when comparable figures can not be given. ' Figures not available. ' Exclusive ol internal revenue. All the items in this table show increases from 1909 was due chiefly to the establishment of the petroleum- to 1914. The large increase in capit^/giij^/^g^cjto^, /(^jfg^3jji^j(^^try on a large scale since the 1909 census. (1667) 1668 MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. Table 2 shows the relative importance of the leading manufacturing industries in 1914 and gives percentages of increase for the three five-year periods from 1899 to 1914. Separate statistics are presented for six industries or industry groups, for each of which products valued at more than $300,000 were reported for 1914. These industries include one with products exceeding $2,000,000 in value, four with products between $500,000* and $1,000,000, and one with products between $300,000 and $500,000. Among the indus- tries which are included under the head of " all other industries," the statistics, for which can not be shown separately without the possibiUty of disclosing the operations of individual estabhshments, are petroleum refining — the largest industry in the state, measured by value of products — and wood preserving, for which a greater value of products was reported than for some of the industries for which figures are shown in the table. Table Z CENSUS or 1914. PEB CENT OF mCEEASE.l Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Value of products. Value added by manufacture. "Wage earners (average number). Value of products. Value added by manufacture. Average number. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. Amount. Per cent dis- tribu- tion. 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 189»- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 1909- 1914 1904- 1909 1899- 1904 337 12 16 69 81 14 47 98 2,989 1,722 33 364 183 42 57 688 100.0 57.6 1.1 12.2 6.1 1.4 1.9 19.7 811,223,415 100.0 85,664,028 100.0 4.3 56.3 -11.0 79.6 77.4 7.8 65.6 63.9 17.0 Cars and general shop construction and_repaiTS by steam-railroad oom- 2,469,129 721,818 717,684 645,718 543,499 313,225 5,912,342 22.0 6.4 6.4 4.9 4.8 2.8 52.7 1,468,228 167,097 577,632 444,444 143,524 126,726 2,736,377 26.9 3.0 10.2 7.8 2.5 2.2 48.3 1.9 39.4 42.1 5.6 -3.2 -4.4 11.4 101.9 31.0 42.5 162.7 61.5 58.5 136.0 162.6 40.2 34.6 -38.5 86.3 ■435.'3' -9.9 2.4 4.5 11.0 148.3 18.7 47.2 160.8 37.9 53.3 206.3 174.4 60.4 Ffour-mill and gristmill products 16.1 -43.8 13.0 112.6 36.1 -56.9 26.6 —25.6 94 8 Bread and other bakery products 387 5 • Percentages are based on figures in Table 18; a minus sign ( — ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted when base is less than 100 or when comparable figures can not be given. The industries in this table are arranged in the order of their importance as shown by value of products, but the arrangement would vary considerably if based on average number of wage earners or value added by manufacture. The operations of steam-raUroad re- pair shops and the manufacture of butter are the only industries which hold the same rank in all three re- spects. The flour-mill and gristmill industry, second in value of products, was sixth in number of wage earners and fourth in value added by manufacture; the lumber and timber industry, third in value of products, was second in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture ; printing and pubhsh- ing, fourth in value of products, was third in number of wage earners and in value added by manufacture ; and the bakery industry, sixth in value of products and in value added by manufacture, was fourth in number of wage earners. Cars and general sTiop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. — This is the most important industry in Wyoming when measured by number of wage earners employed, and ranks second to petroleum refining when measured by value of products. In 1914 it gave employment to 57.6 per cent of the total num- ber of wage earners in manufacturing industries in the state, and the value of products reported for it formed 22 per cent of the total. The operations of this industry consist almost whoUy of repairs to the rolling stock and equipment of the companies reporting. Flour-miU and gristmiU products. — This industry, which excludes custom mills consumption, although third in importance in the state as measured by value of products, ranked only sixth in average number of wage earners in 1914, There was a slight decrease in value of products dur- ing the five-year period 1909-1914, together with a small increase in number of establishments and in the average number of wage earners. Lumber and timber products. — This industry em- braces 66 estabhshments operating sawmills and the logging operations connected therewith, 2 planing mills not connected with sawmills, and 1 wooden-box factory. For the period 1909 to 1914 it shows de- creases in average number of wage earners and in value of products, together with a small increase in value added by manufacture. For the decade 1904 to 1914, however, increases appear in all these items. Printing and publishing. — ^This industry embraces 5 establishments doing book and job printing and 76 printing and publishing newspapers or periodicals. There were consistent increases from 1909 to 1914 in average number of wage earners, value of products, and value added by manufacture. Butter. — This industry shows, for the period 1909 to 1914, the largest percentage of increase in value of products of any industry in. the state, namely, 101.9 per cent. There was also a large gain, 136 per cent, for the period 1904 to 1909. Persons engaged in mannfactnring industries. — Table 3 shows, for 1914 and 1909, the nmnber of per- sons engaged in manufactures, distributed by sex, the "^')er of wage earners being distributed MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. 1669 also by age. The sex and age classification of th^e average number of wage earners in this and other tables is an estimate obtained by the method de- scribed in the "Explanation of terms." Table 3 Cen- sus year. PERSONS ENGAGED rN MANUEAC- TUKING INDCSTEIES. CLASS. Total. Male. Fe- male. Per cent of total. Male. Fe- male. All classes . . - 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 3,696 3,393 3,578 3,313 118 80 96.8 97.6 3.2 2.4 Proprietors and officials 432 370 417 361 15 9 96.5 97.6 3.5 2.4 Proprietors and Arm members Salaried officers of corporations Superintendents and managers Clerks and other subordinate salaried employees. Wage earners (average number) 293 263 31 19 108 88 275 166 2,989 2,867 278 257 31 19 108 85 228 131 2,933 2,821 15 6 ■■3' 47 25 56 46 94.9 97.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 96.6 82.9 84.0 98.1 98.4 6.1 2.3 '"3.'4 17.1 16.0 1.9 1.6 16 vears of aee and over 2,981 2,855 8 12 2,927 2,810 6 11 S4 45 2 1 98.2 98.4 75.0 91.7 1.8 Under 16 years of age 1.6 25.0 8.3 In 19I4 the number of persons engaged in manufac- tures was 3,696, of whom 2,989, or four-fifths, were wage earners, 432 were proprietors and officials, and 275 were clerks. Of the wage earners 16 years of age and over, 2,933, or 98.1 per cent, were males and 56, or only 1.9 per cent, were females. Figures for the sex and age distribution of wage earners for individual industries wiU be found in Table 1-9. Table 4 shows, for the several classes of persons en- gaged in manufactures, the percentage of increase from 1909 to 1914 and the per cent distribution. This table shows increases for the five-year period in the total numbers of the several classes of employees with the exception of wage earners under 16 years of age. The largest percentage of increase for both sexes combined, 76.3, is shown for clerks and other subordinate salaried employees, but the proportion which this class formed of all persons engaged in manu- factures was only 7.4 per cent. Wage earners 16 years of age and over represented 80.7 per cent of the total number of persons engaged in manufacturing Ladustries in the state in 1914 and 84.5 per cent in 1909. Only 8 children under 16 years of age were reported for 1914, as against 12 for 1909. Table 4 PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Per cent of increase,' 1909-1914. Per cent distribution. CLASS. Total. Male. Female. Total. Male. Female. 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 All Classes -. 8.9 8.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16.8 11.4 15.5 8.2 11.7 7.9 0.9 2.9 7.4 80.9 80.7 0.2 11.0 7.8 0.6 2.6 4.6 84.5 84.1 0.4 11.7 7.8 0.9 3.0 6.3 82.0 81.8 0.2 11.0 7.8 0.6 2.6 4.0 85.1 84.8 0.3 12.7 12.7 11.3 7.5 3.8 76.3 4.3 4.4 74.0 4.0 4.2 39.8 47.5 45.8 1.7 31.2 67.5 66.3 1.2 ' Percentages are omitted wbcn base is less than 100. The average nimiber of wage earners employed and their per cent distribution as males 16 years of age and over, females 16 years of age and over, and children under 16 years of age, is given in Table 5, for 1914, 1909 and 1904. This table also shows, for some of the important industries separately^ a similar distribution of wage earners for 1914 and 1909. For all industries combined, the table shows a small increase from 1909 to 1914 in the total average number of wage earners, following a. much larger increase dur- ing the preceding five-year period. The changes from census to census in the proportions which men, women, and children represented of the total number of wage earners were very sHght. In 1914, of the four indus- tries shown in the table, but one, printing and pub- lishing, reported either females 16 years of age and over or children under 16 years of age, the proportions of the total wage earners in the ind*istrVibeina 15.3 per cent and 3.8 per cent, respective Biy. ^ ■' number for all mdusti Table 5 Census year. ■WAGE EARNERS. Average num- ber.' Percent of total. INDTTSTRT. 16 years of age and over. Un. derlB years Male. Fe- male. of age. All industries .... 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 2,989 2,867 1,834 97.9 98.0 97.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 0.3 0.4 0.4 Cars and general shop coostruction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1,722 1,690 33 29 364 648 183 162 687 338 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.4 - 80.9 74.1 96.1 96.7 Lumber and timber products 0.2 15.3 21.0 3.8 3.0 0.6 3.8 4.9 0.1 0.3 Itimating the distribution, by sex and age periods, of the average I industries combined, see "Explanation of terms. '^ 1670 MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. Wage earners employed, by months. — ^Table 6 gives, for all industries combined, the total number of wage earners employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for 1914 and 1909, and the average ntimber employed during each month inl904, together with the percentage which the number re- ported for each month f ortns of the greatest number re- ported for any month. For 1914 and 1909 the summer and fall months show the greatest activity ia the combined industries of the state, the maximum number of wage earners ap- pearing for August ia 1914 and for November in 1909. The minimum number of wage earners appears for February in both years. In 1904 the maximum num- ber was in December and the minimum in June. The greatest difference, both numerical and proportional, between the maximum and minimum months in any one of the three census years was 711, or 21.2 per cent of the maximum, in 1914. The average monthly employment of wage earners in 1914 was 2,989, and in 1909 the average monthly employment was 2,867. Table 6 January February... Uarch AprU my Tune July , August September. . October November.. .December.. WAOE EASNKRS IN MANtTFACTURlNO INOVSTBraa. Number.* 1914 1909 1901 2,641 2,815 2,736 2,646 2,882 3,230 3,352 3,347 3,279 3,207 3,070 2,496 2,481 2,642 2,642 2,783 2,983 2,957 3,042 3,132 3,031 3,137 3,065 1,992 1,913 1,794 1,722 - 1,661 1,640 1,677 1,746 1,905 1,946 1,995 2,017 Per cent of maximum. 1914 1909 1904 79.4 78.8 84.0 81.6 78.9 86.0 96.4 100.0 99.9 97.8 95.7 91.6 79.6 79.1 84.2 84.2 88.7 95.1 94.3 97.0 99.8 96.6 100.0 97.7 98.8 94.8 88.9 85.4 82.4 81.3 83.1 86.6 94.4 96.5 98.9 100.0 > The figures for 1914 and 1909 represent the number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day; those for 1904, the average number em- ployed during the month. Table 7 gives the total average niunber of wage earners employed during 1914, together with the total number employed on the 15th of each month, or the nearest representative day, for the combined indus- tries of the state, for a number of selected industries, and for the total industries of each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 7 WAGE barkers: 1914. [Month of maximum employment for each industry is indicated by boldface figures and that of minimum by italic figures.] INDUSTRY AND CITY. Average number em- ployed during year. Number employed on 15th day of the month or nearest representative day. Percent mini- Jan- uary. Feb- ruary. March. April. May. June. July. August. Sep- tember. Octo- ber. Novem- ber. Decem- ber. mum is of maxi- mum. All industries 2,989 2,663 e,64i 2,815 2,736 2,646 2,882 3,230 3,352 3,347 3,279 3,207 3,070 78.8 57 42 1,722 33 364 183 588 938 S6 SS 1,781 271 185 307 907 Be SB 1,771 32 260 186 sot 915 B6 SS 1,744 32 224 181 543 913 B8 39 1,753 31 tso 182 545 932 58 40 l,ei6 31 178 181 542 910 59 46 1,652 32 210 179 704 934 58 60 1,679 32 450 m 787 945 5S 49 1,722 36 491 182 811 959 BB 46 1,746 38 561 185 715 961 57 42 1,7M 37 664 -184 611 975 57 42 1,746 36 525 193 608 965 57 45 1,670 31 504 184 579 934 94.9 Butter 70.0 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by 90.6 73.7 23.0 Printine' and nublishinET... . 90.2 All other industries 37.0 93.0 Chetenne 821 117 809 98 817 9S 804 109 816 116 794 116 806 128 818 127 832 127 839 122 855 120 849 116 820 114 92.9 Sheridan '. 76.6 Of the selected industries, the lumber and timber industry, one of the largest in the state, shows the greatest degree of fluctuation, the number of wage earners in April being but 23 per cent of the number in October. The greatest stability in number of wage earners employed appears for the bakery industry, for which the proportion which the minimum formed of the maximum was 94.9 per cent. Steam-railroad re- pair shops and printing and pubHshing show but little fluctuation. For Cheyenne a much smaller degree of fluctuation appears than for the state as a whole. Prevailing hours of labor. — In Table 8 the average number of wage earners reported, for all industries com- bined and for selected industries throughout the state, have been classified according to the number of hours of labor per week prevailing in the estabHshments in which they were employed. A similar classification is given, for 1914 only, for all industries combined, in each of the two cities having more than 10,000 inhab- itants. The number employed in each establishment is classified as a total, even though a few employees worked a greater or a smaller number of hours. The figures in tnis table, for the state as a whole and for most of the individual industries, emphasize the tendency toward a shortening of the working-day of wage earners. In 1909, 2,383, or more than eight- tenths of the total average number of wage earners for aU industries combined were employed in estab- lishments where the prevailing hours of labor were 60 or more per week, whereas but 859, or less than three- tenths, were so employed in 1914. On the other hand, for aU industries combined, the number of wage earn- ers in establishments whose working hours were fewer than 60 per week increased from 484, or 16.9 per cent of .the total, in 1909 to 2,130, or 71.3 per cent, in 1914. For the state as a whole a very great increase took Digitized by Microsoft® MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. 1671 place during the five-year period in the proportion of wage earners in establishments in which the prevail- ing hours per week were 48 and under, together with a marked increase in the proportion in estabhshments which were in operation 54 hours weekly. Among the separate industries, cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad com- panies shows the most pronounced decrease in hours of labor. In 1909, 8.8 per cent of the wage earners in this indiistry were employed in ^tablishments where the hours of labor were 54 or fewer per week, but in 1914 the proportion thus employed had increased to 99.4 per cent. In 1914 the great majority of the wage earners, 91.4 per cent, reported for Cheyenne were employed in estabhshments in which the prevailing hours were 48 and under per week, but in Sheridan the number thus employed formed only 36.8 per cent of the total. Vable 8 Census year. AVERAGE NUMBER or WAGE EARNERS. ' OroCSTET AND CTTT. Total. In establishments where the prevailing hours of labor per week were— 48 and under. Be- tween 48 and 54. 54. Be- tween 54 and 60. 60. Be- tween 60 and 72. 72. Over 72. AUindustries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 2,989 2,867 1,622 228 35 34 447 203 26 19 644 782 192 1,566 13 35 10 Bread and other bakery products 57 38 42 20 1,722 1,690 33 29 364 648 183 162 588 280 938 19 8 5 11 9 21 3 2 17 12 11 19 11 4 6 S 1 "i'sii" 3 1 Butter Cars and general shop construction and repairs by stetun-railroad companies 1,406 ....... 305 136 3 Flour-mill and gristmill products 2 3 9 8 123 94 58 115 793 28 26 343 611 7 16 227 98 28 Lumber and timber products ...... 25 11 10 22 11 6 27 35 69 17 61 1 4 1 6 21 7 25 ..... Printing and publisliing AU other industries 183 9 9 10 34 10 Total for cities Shekidak ..........."....'..'..".'....'.'..'!.'.'!!.'.'.' 821 117 750 43 '"'22' 35 26 25 7 21 4 5 Character of ownership. — Table 9 presents statistics concerning the character of ownership, or legal organi- zation, of manufacturing enterprises. For all indus- tries combined, for the state, comparative figures are given for 1914, 1909, and 1904, but for the cities, the figures relate only to 1914. During the decade 1904-1914 the number of estabhshments under each kind of ownership increased greatly, those under individual ownership forming a somewhat larger proportion of the total in the later year than in the earher. Most of the large estabUshment^, however, are under corporate owner- ship, as will be seen from the fact that, although only 30.3 per cent of the total number of establish- ments in the state in 1914 was under this form, of ownership, these estabhshments reported 85.1 per cent of the total value of products and 89.1 per cent of the total average number of wage earners. The corresponding percentages in 1909 were 25, 74.6, and 84, respectively. The number of estabhshments under individual ownership in each of the three years for which figures are given was greater than the number under corporate and "all other" forms combined; and the propor- tions which the value of products ^i^dyav-CTage mimW of wage earners reported for individual ownership formed of the respective totals in each year were greater than the corresponding proportions for estab- lishments under "all other" ownership. Table 9 CHARACTER OP OWNERSHIP AND CITT. All classes. . Individuals Corporations All others Cheyenne . Individuals!. Corporations. Sheridan. Individuals 1914 Corporations 1914 All others 1914 Census year. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1914 1914 1914 Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. 337 268 169 186 151 102 67 55 49 50 28 32 30 WAOE EARNERS. Average number. 2,989 2,867 1,834 265 378 146 2,664 2,409 1,641 60 80 47 821 25 796 Per cent of total. 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.9 13.2 8.0 89.1 84.0 89.5 2.0 2.8 2.6 100.0 3.0 97.0 100.0 21.4 67.5 11.1 VALUE OP PRODUCTS. Amount. Per cent of total. $11,223,415 6,249,078 3,523,260 622, 693 659,865 216,525 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.3 14.8 15.8 85.1 74.6 78.1 5.5 10.6 6.1 1,607,638 j 100.0 74, 408 1,533,230 855,575 108, .^69 391,396 355,610 4.6 95.4 100.0 12.7 45.7 41.6 Microsoft® ' ^'''""**^ ^^^ Sroup "all others." 1672 MANUFACTURES-^WYOMING. For Cheyenne the proportions which the average number of wage earners and the value of products reported for estabhshments under corporate owner- ship formed of the respective totals were considerably greater than the proportions for the state as a whole, but for Sheridan the reverse was the case. Size of establishments.— The tendency for manufac- turing to become concentrated in large estabhsh- ments, or the reverse, is indicated by the statistics given in Table 10. For 1914, 18 estabhshments, or 5.3 per cent of the total number in the state, each reported products exceeding $100,000 in value, as compared with 17, or 6.3 per cent of the total for 1909, and 8, or 4.7 per cent, for 1904. For 1914 these establishments re- ported 75.3 per cent of the total average number of wage earners for the state, 76.8 per cent of the total value of products, and 75.7 per cent of the total value added by manufacture. For the same year the smaller estabhshments — those having products valued at lefis than $100,000 — althpugh representing 94.7 per cent of the total niunber of estabhshments, reported only 23.2 per cent of the total value of products. For the estabhshments having products valued at $100,000 and over, the proportion of the total value of products has shown an increase at each successive census, from 51.9 per cent in 1904 to 67.5 per cent in 1909 and to 76.8 per cent in 1914. Table 10 VALXIE OP PRODUCT. NUMBEB OP ESTAB- LISHMENTS. AVERAGE NTmSER OP ■WAGE EAENEE3. VALUE OP PRODUCTS. VALUE ADDED BY MANUPACTUEE; 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 All classes 337 268 169 2,989 2,867 1,834 $11,223,415 $6,249,078 $3,523,260 $5,664,928 $3,640,889 $2, 222, 487 Less than $5,000 199 83 32 18 141 86 24 17 74 64 23 8 200 239 300 2,250 161 231 260 2,215 72 202 229 1,331 467,996 811,213 1,326,473 8,617,733 343,444 771,778 913,075 4,220,781 180,100 582,958 950,524 1,829,678 318,503 463,398 593,063 4,289,064 242,297 489,792 494,471 2,414,329 130,834 tS.OOO to $20,000 359 248 $20,000 to $100,000 427,925 1,304,480 $100,000 and over PEE CENT DISTEIBIITION. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than $5,000 59.1 26.1 9.5 5.3 52.6 32.1 9.0 6.3 43.8 37.9 13.6 4.7 6.7 8.0 10.0 75.3 5.6 8.1 9.1 77.3 3.9 11.0 12.5 : 72.6 4.2 7.2 11.8 76.8 5.5 12.4 14.6 67.5 5.1 16.0 27.0 61.9 5.6 8.2 10.5 75.7 6.7 13.5 13.6 66.3 5.9 $5,000 to $20,000 16.2 $20,000 to $100,000 19.3 $100,000 and over S8.7 Table 11 shows the size of estabhshments in 1914 as measured by the number of wage earners employed. The figures given are for all industries combined, for six of the more important industries, and for each of the two cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 11 ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYDJO— INDU3IET AND OTT. TOTAL. No wage earners. 1 to 5 wage earners. 6 to 20 wage earners. ?1 to 50 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (average number). Estab- lish- ments. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. 337 2,989 68 224 390 29 291 6 197 47 14 12 16 69 81 98 62 57 42 1,722 33 364 183 688 938 21 1 i' 3 13 26 5 23 12 2 10 63 60 54 39 39 21 6 17 95 111 101 82 3 18 Butter 1 1 21 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies 3 2 1 8 12 14 50 16 7 72 128 106 47 Printing and publishmg AU other industries. ..".. '4 3 129 Total for cities 67 Cheyenne 32 30 821 117 3 2 20 19 48 34 6 8 48 58 2 1 42 25 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFAGTURES— WYOMING. 1673 Table 11— Continued.' ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING — INDtrSTEY AND CITY. 51 to 100 wage earners. 101 to 250 wage earners. 251 to 500 wage earners. 501 to 1,000 wage earners. Over 1,000 wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab- lish- ments. Wage earners. Estab^ lish- ments. Wage earners. All industries 1 53 7 . 1,093 1 282 1 683 Bread and other bakery products... Butter Cars and gmeral shop construction and repairs by steam-rahVoad'compmieV.'.'.!! 4 2 -654 262 1 282 1 683 Lumber and timber products.. i- J i- - Flour-mill and gristmill products .■..■.■.■.■■.■.■.■.■.■.■■.■.■ Prmtlng and publishing All other industries 1 63 1 177 Total for cities 1 683 Cheyenne 1 683 Sheeidan ', Table 12 presents, for 1914, percentages based on the figures in Table 11 and, for 1909, similar percent- ages for all industries combined and for individual industries in the state as a whole. Table 12 tNDUSTET AND CFTY. Cen- sus year. PER CENT OP TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF WAGE EARNERS IN ESTABLISHMENTS EMPLOYING SPECTPIED NUMBER. Ito 5 6 to 20 21 to 50 51 to 100 101 to 250 251 to 500 501 to 1,000 Over 1,000 All industries 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1909 1914 1914 1914 13.0 12.7 9.7 8.3 6.6 1.2 1.8 4.5 36.6 47.0 9.4 22.9 26.3 Bread and other bakery prod- 68.4 78.9 50.0 30.0 0.3 51.5 69.0 26.1 14.5 60.7 69.1 17.2 36.4 8.7 31.6 21.1 ■76.0 u 48.5 31.0 1.9 7.7 39.3 30.9 21.8 31.4 11.3 ucts. Butter 50.0 Cars and general shop construc- tion and repairs by steam- railroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill prod- 2.7 ■"4.'4 38.0 49.9 16.4 39.7 44.6 ucts. Lumber and timber products. . 72.0 77.8 Printing and publishing All other industries 21.9 12.1 7.1 9.0 20.0 30.1 72.8 5.8 29.0 5.8 49.6 5.1 21.4 83.2 Sheridan There were 68 estabhshments in 1914 for which no wage earners are shown. In these estabhshments aU the work was done by the proprietors or firm members, aided in some cases by members of their families or by persons classed as salaried employees. In some cases a few wage earners were employed for short periods, but the number was so small and the term oi employ- ment so short that after the average, as described in the "Explanation of terms," had been computed no wage earners could be shown. The 224 small estabhshments — those employing from 1 to 5 wage earners — ^represented 66.5 "per cent of the total number in the state; the 35 emplojdng from 6 to 50 represented 10.4 per cent; and the 8 employing from 51 to 250 represented 2.4 per cent. These 267 estabhshments gave employment to 67.7 per cent of the total number of wage earners, and the remainder were reported by 2 estabhshments, 1 of which employed an average of 683 and the other an average of 282. The groups of estabhshments having more than 50 wage earners represented only 3 per cent of the total number of estabhshments in the state but gave employment to 70.6 per cent of the wage earners. It will be noted that in the bakery, butter, flour-mUl and gristmill, and printing and publishing industries from one-half to two-thirds of the wage earners were in estabhshments employing from 1 to 5. On the other hand, in the steam railroad repair shops and in the lumber and timber industry, the majority were in estabhshments giving employment to more than 100 wage earners. In Cheyenne 83.2 per cent of the total wage earners were employed in one steam-railroad repair shop. Engines and power. — Table 13 shows, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, for all industries combined, the number and horsepower of engines or motors employed in generat- ing power (including electric motors operated by pur- chased current) . It also shows separately the number and horsepower of electric motors operated by current generated in the establishments reporting. Digitized by IVIicrosoft® 1674 MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. Table 13 KUMBEB OF ENOnTES OB HOTOBS. HOBSEFOWEB. POWEE. Amount. Pet cent distribution. 1914 1909 1901 1914 1909 1901 I9U 1909 190t Primary power, total 463 268 109 10,004 7,628 3,604 100.0 loao 100.0 Owned 251 156 73 22 212 184 128 37 19 84 109 69 24 16 S,828 6,925 1,366 537 1,176 7,114 6,467 182 465 514 3,558 3,088 88 382 46 88.2 69.2 13.6 6.4 11.8 93.3 84.8 2.4 6.1 6.7 98.7 Steam engines and turbines ■ 85.7 Internal-combustion engines 2 4 Water wheels, turbines, and motors Rented— Electric 1 3 Electric , 264- 212 52 108 84 24 11 1,691 1,176 515 801 514 287 132 46 86 loao 69.5 3as loao 64.2 35.8 loao Kented....' Generated by establishments reporting 65.2 ' Figures for horsepower include for 1909 and 1904 the amount reported under the head of "other" owned power. > Xot reported. This table shows an increase in primary power amounting to 2,376 horsepower, or 31.1 per cent, from 1909 to 1914, due largely to increases in the use of internal-combustion engines and of rented electric power. Steam was the predominant power at each census, although its proportion of the total primary power decreased from 85.7 per cent in 1904 to 69.2 per cent in 1914. Every item for which figures are given in the table shows an increase for each of the two five-year periods. Fuel. — Closely related to the subject of power em- ployed in manufactures is that of the fuel consumed in generating this power or otherwise used in the man- ufacturing processes. Table 14 shows, for 1914, the quantity of each kind of fuel used, for which data were obtained, for all industries combined and for certain selected industries in the state as a whole and for aU industries com- bined in each of the two cities. Table 14 COAL. Coke (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oil, in- cluding gasoline (barrels). INDTTSTBT AND CITT. An- thrax, cite (tons, 2,240 lbs.). Bitumi- nous (tons, 2,000 lbs.). Oas (1,000 cubic (feet). All Industries 102 102,611 638 259,806 4,552 Bread and other bakerv products 1,470 3,155 79,307 3,001 680 625 14,473 34,586 55 500 Brick .........„.;;::::::: Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies . , 188 "m ""is" 235 1,361 30 257,749 78 688 1,367 1 048 Petroleum, refining '.*...'. 77 25 All other industries 1 172 Total for cities 548 29,570 5,016 235 1,361 6 SHEEID AN SPECIAL STATISTICS. For certain industries the Census Bureau collects, by means of special schedules, details regarding the quantities and cost of materials, the quantity and value of products, and other information for securing which no provision is made on the general schedule. Certain data of this character for two industries in Wyoming are here presented. Flour-mill and gristmill products. — Table 15 gives the quantities and values of flour-null and gristmiU products for the last three census years. Table 15 1914 1909 1904 Total value $721,818 $746,299 $283,653 Wheat flour: 108,189 $530, 528 150 $792 1,646 $7,829 3,803 $83,695 1,415 $42,952 16,000 $700 $54,647 $675 99,537 $505,294 500 $2,500 1,033 $4,094 (■) (') 9,252 $215,913 43,758 $226,754 Value Kye flour: Barrels Value Corn meal and com flour: Barrels i 74 $204 (•) 0) 2,849 $56,695 Value Bran and middlings: Tons Value Feed and oflal: Tons Value Breakfast foods: Poimds Value All other cereal products, value All other products, value $18,498 ' Included in "feed and offal.' Digitized by Wheat flour, which contributed 73.5 per cent of the total value of products for the industry as a whole in 1914, shows an increase of 62,431 barrels, or 142.7 per cent, for the decade 1904-1914 — ^largely confined, how- ever, to the five-year period 1904-1909, the increase from 1909 to 1914 being only 6,652 barrels, or 6.7 per cent. The value of this product increased 134 per cent during the decade 1904 to 1914 and 5 per cent during the period 1909 to 1914. The value of bran and middlings and feed and offal combined formed 17.5 per cent of the total value of jwoducts for the industry in 1914, as compared with 28.9 per cent in 1909 and 20 per cent in 1904. The equipment in 1914 consisted of 77 stands of rolls, 2 runs of stone, and 10 attrition nulls. Butter. — The quantity and value of products for 1914, 1909, and 1904 are given in Table 16. The number of estabhshments, as shown in Table 18, decreased from 5 in 1904 to 4 in 1909, but increased to 14 during the following five-year period. For the decade 1904-1914 there was an increase of 180.8 per cent in the total quantity of butter manu- factured, the greater part of it being in prints or rolls. Butter in prints or rolls increased 705,711 pounds, or 185.1 per cent, and butter packed solid increased 199,231 pounds, or 167.1 per cent, during the decade. IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. 1675 The figures shown for icheese in this table represent only its production as a by-product of the butter fac- tories, and since there is but one cheese factory in the state, statistics for it can not be shown without dis- closing its operations. Cream and " all other products " show large increases for the period 1909-1914. Table 16 1914 1909 1904 Totalvalue 1(543,499 (268,862 (114,354 Sutter: Pounds 1,405,457 (393,120 318,431 $86,811 1,087,026 $306,309 > 199,979 > $27, 359 566,449 $68,594 $54,426 783,585 (223,525 15,344 (4,129 768,241 (219,396 250,719 (40,115 42,116 (4,455 (767 500,515 (101,722 119,200 $23,840 381,315 $77,882 84,600 (8,181 44,272 $4,151 (300 Value Packed solid- Founds Value :.:.■; Prints or rolls- Founds Value Fan-cream cbeese: Pounds Value Cream sold: Pounds Value All other products, value I Excluding statistics for one establishment, to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Laundries. — Statistics for power laundries are not included in the general tables nor in the totals for manufacturing industries. Table 17, however, sum- marizes these statistics for Wyoming for 1914 and 1909. Table 17 Number of establishments Persons engaged Proprietors and firm members. . . Salaried employees Wage earners (average number) . Primary horsepower Capital Sabries and wages Salaries Paid for contract work Rent and taxes (including internal revenue). Cost of materials Amount received for work done POWEE LAUNDEIES. Number or amount. 1914 (174, 154 6, 147, 1, 7, 64 1909 14 203 20 12 171 319 $99,573 89,303 10, 392 78,911 5,818 38,238 216,847 Per cent of in- crease,' 1909-1914. 8.2 0.9 75.0 72.6 -38.0 87.2 27.0 68.7 9.8 J A minus sign (— ) denotes decrease; percentages are omitted when base is less than 100. In 1914 Wyoming ranked forty-seventh among the states in amoimt received for work done, and in 1909 it ranked forty-fifth. Increases are shown for all items given except number and salaries of salaried employees. The increase from 1909 to 1914 in amount received for work done was $21,201, or 9.8 per cent. For 1914 the 18 laundries were reported, as to character of ownership, as follows: Corporation, 2; individual, 11 ; and all other forms, 5, The corresponding figures for 1909 are 1, 6, and 7, respectively. GENERAL TABLES. Table 18 gives, for 1914, 1909, and 1904, the number of estabUshments, average number of wage eatners, primary horsepower, wages, cost of materials, and value of products, for selected industries in the state; and for the city of Cheyenne similar data for all indus- tries combined. Table 19 presents for 1914 statistics in detail for each industry in the state that can be shown without the disclosure of the operations of individual estab- lishments and the statistics for all industries combined for each of the cities in the state having more than 10,000 inhabitants. Table 18 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY FOR 1914, 1909, AND 1904. mDCSTBY AND aTT. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Wages. Cost, 'of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed in thousands. INDUSTRY AND OtJY. Cen- sus year. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments . Wage earners (aver- age num- ber). Primary horse- power. Cost of ma- terials. Value of prod- ucts. Expressed In thousands. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTKIES COMBINED AND SELECTED INDUSTRIES. All industries.. Bread and other bakery products. Butter.. Cars and general shop construction and re- pass by steam-Kulroad companies. Flour-mill and gristmill products. 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 337 2,989 2,867 1,834 67 38 17 42 20 11 1,722 1,690 1,212 33 29 16 10,004 5, 628 3,604 37 31 7 198 79 83 2,924 1,550 1,488 1,163 885 691 $2,312 2,081 1,261 45 33 14 35 17 7 1,296 1,309 884 $5,559 2,608 1,301 186 132 52 400 211 95 1,001 708 533 555 583 219 (11,223 6,249 3,523 313 239 91 543 269 114 2,469 2,337 1,640 722 746 284 Lumber and timber prod- ucts. Printing and publishing Saddlery and harness. . . Tobacco, cigars All other industries 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 1914 1909 1904 364 648 305 183 162 119 24 34 19 15 18 27 549 228 108 2,344 2,251 707 235 138 96 7 1 3,096 2,693 632 $225 314 151 167 141 84 23 28 16 11 15 16 493 203 78 (140 198 64 101 90 52 50 60 27 31 24 15 3,096 602 244 $718 751 465 546 490 313 103 130 54 61 49 5,7 1,241 526 13 CITIES or 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Cheyenke. 1914 1909 821 '750 1,465 1,253 $641 618 $669 607 $1,608 1,57V Cheyenne— Continued. . 1904 652 412 926 1 Includes "boxes, wooden packing," and "lumber, planing-mill products, not Including planing mills connected with sawmills." > Figures do not agree with those pubHshed in img^bfiraiKe (»rtaiae|taWj§lTOJ9fr^« their reports for that census. 1676 MAMJFACTURES— WYOMlNGf. Table 19.— DETAIL STATEMENT FOR THE STATE, BY INDUS- INDXrSTBT AND aiT. Num- ber of estab- lish- ments. PEESONS ENGAGED IN THE INDUSTRY. WAGE EAHNEES DEC. 16, 6B NEAEEST KEPRESENTATIVE DAY. Capital. Total. ■Pro^ prie- tors and firm mem- bers. Ssla- ried offi- cers, su- perin- tend- ents, and man- agers. eierks; etc. Wage earners. . Total. 16 and over. Under 16. Uale. Fe- male. Aver- age num- ber. Number, isth day of— Male. Fe- male. Hale. Fe- male. Maximum month. •' Minimum month. THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. 1 AH industries 337 3,696 293 139 228 47 2,989 Au 3,352 Fe 2,641 C) P) m (') (') $29,270,117 J 6 47 7 14 S 12 5 15 5 76 11 17 35 24 118 64 60 11 1,841 16 57 462 29 18 317 35 30 627 5 54 5 4 5 7 11 75 18 3 62 8 15 21 19 57 47 42 6 1,722 -8 33 366 10 13 170 24 15 467 Je Au ^y Je Oc Au» Se Oc Au No No Au> De 22 69 91 60 8 1,784 11 38 556 13 16 178 26 20 De> Se3 Ja Fe» De = My Ja Ja De' Ja3 Jy De» Je 18 66 10 35 5 1,616 5 28 122 9 12 162 22 12 18 60 78 46 6 1,669 9 32 692 10 13 178 25 20 18 49 78 36 6 1,669 4 32 692 10 7 148 25 16 26,677 164,465 88,789 203,381 16,020 2,841,856 34,870 479,059 960,947 66,150 45,692 477,351 108,060 15,647 23,742,273 3 4 Bread and other bakery products Brick 2 2 8 1 4 10 1 a Butter 2 4 10 « Carriages, wagons, and repairs Cars and general shop construction and repairs by steam-railroad companies. 7 26 87 6 8 6 4 Flour-mill and gristmill products Lumber and timber products Mineral and soda waters , . Printing and publishing, job printing Printing and;publishing, newspapers and periodicals. Saddlery and harness. . 8 24 5 7 1 in 11 n • 6 24 1 4 ....„ 13 14 34 2 38 1 13 1,5 4 1A All other industries * 33 86 20 ' ' ' ' . CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. Cheyenne. Sheridan.. 171 821 117 Oc Je 856 128 My Ja> 794 121 816 113 11,801,583 673,287 1 Owned power only. • All other industries embrace- Artificial stone products 2 Awnings, tents, and sails 1 Boxes, wooden packing 1 Brooms, from broom corn 1 Cars and general shop construction and repairs by electilorailioad companies.. 1 ' No figures given for reasons stated in "Explanation of terms." 1 Chemicals , 1 Copper, tin, and sheet-iron work 2 Fertilizers 1 Flavoring extracts 1 Food preparations, not elsewhere specified 3 Foundry and machine-shop products 2 Fur goods 1 1 Gas, illuminating and heating l Ice, manufactured 1 Digitized by IVIicrosoft® MANUFACTURES— WYOMING. TRIES, AND FOR CITIES OP 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS: 1914. 1677 EXPENSES. Value of products. Value added by manu- facture. POWER Salaries and wages. For con- tract work. Rent and taxes. For materials. Primary horsepower. Electric horse- power gener- ated in esta*- lisli- ments report- mg. Officials. aerks, etc. Wage earners. Rent of factory. Taxes, includ- ing in- temal- revenue and cor- poration mcome. PriQcipal materials. Fuel and rent of power. Total. Steam en- gines.' In- ternal- com- bus- tion en- gines. Water wheels and mo- tors.! Elec- tric (rent- ed). THE STATE— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED AND SPECIFIED INDUSTRIES. $237,044 $293,940 $2,311,754 $39, 199 $94,221 $115,411 $5,207,921 $351,466 811,223,415 $5,664,028 10,004 6,925 1,366 637 1,176 29 37 137 93 5 355 5 140 13 17 19 124 , 6 515 1 17, 177 44,901 26, 262 35,084 5,325 1,295,744 4,370 27,300 216,510 7,265 11,296 145, 317 22,561 10,910 442, 742 2,180 7,096 150 1,420 282 1,799 557 1,412 284 25,747 280 5,432 3,188 991 331 4,733 1,184 3,729 65,462 3,125 178,075 1,704 394,612 4,^00 899, 812 10,762 547,440 124,087 13,859 15,063 75,455 49,207 30,351 2,860,169 1,263 8,424 10,621 6,363 609 101,089 532 7,281 620 934 883 9,873 697 335 203,162 30,002 313,225 56,414 543,499 16, 876 2,469,129 22,688 721,818 691,184 60,473 48,094 497,624 103,380 67,884 5,593,125 25,624 126, '726 43, 189 143,524 11, 167 1,468,228 11,394 167,097 566,477 35,680 32, 148 412,296 53,476 37,198 2,529,804 29 37 187 198 6 2,924 5 1,163 2,262 36 19 216 7 365 54' 9. 3,000 2,400 10,339 2,210 60 500 500 s 50 105 4 4,901 6 42,903 109,398 2,561 8 7 1,175 1,012 478 2,143 2,000 17,807 3,161 2,362 53,237 s 14,010 21,700 6,055 9,200 1,200 586 2,050 5 93 19 14 346 180 q 23,281 10 11 \'>. 48,666 2,400 40,019 192 4,039 81 ii 1 13 14 15 91,626 121,765 10,829 2,916 1,569 1,161 196 106 16 CITIES OF 10,000 TO 50,000 INHABITANTS— ALL INDUSTRIES COMBINED. $33,138 32,320. $87,153 14,690 $641,284 110, 956 $29 250 $7,303 8,207 $14,388 25,206 $607, 465 458, 642 $61, 130 11,048 $1, 607, 638 855,576 $939, 043 385,885 1,465 521 1,233 248 25 224 208 321 5 * All other industries embrace — Continued. Jewelry 1 Leather, tanned, curried, and finished 1 Lime 1 Liquors, malt 2 s Same number reported for one or more other months. Lumber, planing-mill products, not including itlan- ine mills connected with sawmill^ 2 Marble and stonework 2 Petroleum, reflning 2 Slaughtering and meat packing. Wallplaster ■Wood preserving o Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Y Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® Digitized by IVIicrosoft® '--/■ Digitized by Microsoft® ^Ipppp? » r* * . cS^V r^.^^'. •:>t-J ll-<^