CORNELL UNIVERSITY 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 tlHACA, N. Y. 14853 
 
 Sbii^ Asia Cai^eiasi 
 in^CCHLIBRARV 
 
CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 
 
 3 1924 073 426 532 
 
The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924073426532 
 
In compliance with current 
 
 copyright law, Cornell University 
 
 Library produced this 
 
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 1995 
 
A CO'MPARATIVE DICTIONARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA. 
 
by the same author. 
 Third Edition. 
 
 THE ANNALS OF RURAL BENGAL; 
 
 COMPILED FROM OFFICIAL MS. RECORDS AND THE ARCHIVES OF NATIVE FAMILIES. 
 VOL. I.— THE ETHNICAL FRONTIER. 
 
 ' One of tlie most important as well as most interesting works which the records of Indian literature can show. . . . Yellow- 
 stained volumes from each district Treasury in Bengal, family archives from the stores of Rajahs, local information collected by 
 Pandits specially employed for the purpose, folk-lore supplied by the laborious inquisition of native gentlemen, manuscripts in 
 London, Calcutta, and Bengal, have all been laid under contribution ; and as the initial result, we have the first volume of what pro- 
 mises to be a delightful and valuable history.' — WestDiinstcr Rcvino. 
 
 ' Mr. Plunter has written a book which gives promise of a historian scarcely inferior in scholarship, intellectual power, and 
 literary skill to Mr. Froude. . The real history of India— the history, that is, of its peoples — has yet to be written. It can be 
 
 written only by a man whom long service in India has given special knowledge, and who combines with this a real historical genius. 
 Mr. Hunter is the first Englishman who combines these qualifications ; and he has in this preliminary volume given us a history 
 which, in its minute knowledge of the people— their ethnology, language, traditions, religious literature, manners and customs — its 
 philosophical breadth and freedom from prejudice, its noble principles and sympathies, and its literary skill and eloquence, will be 
 as fascinating to the ordinaiy reader as it is valuable to the student.' — British Quarterly. 
 
 ' A work of the greatest talent, and one which will make an epoch in Indian literature. The facts are set forth with the 
 scrupulous exactness of an honest and impartial judge, the scientific details are clothed in a dress at once clear and picturesque ; and 
 it is not too much to compare Mr. Hunter, as a writer, to Lord Macaulay.' — Revue Bibliographique UniverseUc. 
 
 ' Mr. Hunter, in a word, has applied the philosophic method of writing history to a new field. . . . The grace, and ease, and 
 steady flow of the writing almost make us forget, when reading, the surpassing severity" and value of the author's labours.' — 
 Fortnighlly Rcviciu, 
 
 ' A work radiant with an inner light.' — St. fames' Magazine. 
 
 '. . . If Mr. Hunter does not ultimately compel recognition from the world as a historian of the very first class — of the class 
 to which not a score of Englishman have ever belonged — we entirely mistake our trade. . . . He has executed with admirable 
 industry and rare power of expression a task which, so far as we know, has never yet been attempted : he has given life, and reality, 
 and interest to the internal history of an Indian Province under British rule — to a history that is without battles, or sieges, or martial 
 deeds of any sort.' — Spectator. 
 
 ' Tlie picture ol the great famine of 1769, which did so much towards ruining the native Bengal aristocracy, is worthy of 
 Thucydidcs.' — Imperial RlI'Iliu. 
 
 ' Tliere is still a tliick cloud between the rulers and the ruled, which is only broken by the occasional flash of some great 
 calamity. The work before us affords some light in the midst of this gloom.' — AtJiena:uin. 
 
 ' Many profound scholars, both in tins country and Germany, have written learnedly upon the Aryan Emigration ; but for 
 .Mr. Hunter it has been reserved to study an aboriginal race amidst its native mountains, to mark the reciprocal influence of two 
 phases of civilisation at their point of contact, and to delineate the aspect of Northern India prior to the armed immigration of 
 tlie fair-complcxioned [Aryan] race. . . . Now that the attention of the British Government has been so forcibly directed to tlie 
 peculiar customs and observances of the aboriginal races, it may be hoped that an exceptional system of administration will be 
 provided for a people so deserving of special consideration.' — Cornhill Magazine. 
 
 In Freparation, 
 A COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR 
 
 OF THE 
 
 NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA. 
 
A COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA 
 
 WITH A DISSERTATION 
 
 BASED ON THE HODGSON LISTS, OFFICIAL RECORDS, AND MSS. 
 
 BY 
 
 %\r W: W. HUNTER, B.A., M.R.A.S. 
 
 HON. FEL. ETHNOL. SOC. 
 OF HER majesty's BENGAL CIVIL SERVICE 
 
 LONDON: TRUBNER AND CO. 
 
 1868 
 
MLIKRAY AND GIHB, EDINHURGH, 
 
 I'lUNTKKS ']■() iiKU majesty's STATIONKRY ofi'ici;. 
 
TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY 
 
 QUEEN VICTORIA, 
 
 THIS WORK 
 
 IS, WITH HER ROYAL PERMISSION, 
 
 DEDICATED. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 T N this book I have brought together the languages of the non-Aryan tribes and peoples 
 who dwell within or border upon the British Empire of India. They form broken and 
 scattered fragments of that unrecorded world which was before the dispersion of the Indo-Germanic 
 stock. On the plains of Hindustan the pre-historic races succumbed so completely beneath the 
 Aryan invaders, as to lose all remembrance of their separate ethnical existence ; but, as I 
 endeavoured to show in my Annals of Rtiral Bengal, they have permanently affected the 
 language, religion, and political destiny of the composite Hindus whom they combined with 
 their conquerors to form. On the other hand, among the mountains and lofty plateaux which 
 everywhere abound in India, they have preserved their nationality intact, and during ages 
 waged incessant warfare with the lowland population. The long series of Indian conquerors — 
 Aryan, Affghan, and Moghul — have each in turn laboured to extirpate them. The English 
 are now endeavouring to reclaim them. But in order to civilise, it is necessary first to under- 
 stand them ; and this book, for the first time in the history of India, places the governing 
 race in direct communication with eighty millions of its non-Aryan subjects and neighbours. 
 
 While the principal end of my researches has thus been a purely practical one, I am not 
 without a firm hope that they will prove of service to European scholarship. Philology has 
 hitherto concerned herself almost exclusively with Indo-Germanic and Semitic speech ; with 
 speech, that is, at a single stage, and perhaps not at its most instructive stage. The study of 
 the non-Aryan tongues of India is destined, I believe, to open the door to the vast linguistic 
 residue, and to furnish the basis of a new science of language, as the study of Sanskrit in 
 India eighty years ago afforded the foundation upon which the present system of philology 
 has been reared. In the following dissertation, the blemishes and probable inaccuracies of 
 this rudimentary effort are carefully set forth. Some of them I hope to remove in the 
 Comparative Grammar of Non- Aryan Speech, which I now have in hand; the rest I leave to 
 the generosity of scholars who work at greater leisure and with a fuller knowledge of scientific 
 principles than can be hoped for amid the distractions of Indian official life. 
 
 For the convenience of European students and of missionaries, the work is arranged 
 in English, French, German, Russian, and Latin. The five synonyms are placed at the 
 head of each page. Polyglot 'Prefaces will be found at the beginning, and Alphabetical 
 Indices at the end of the volume. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 T 'OUVRAGE que je donne aujourd'hui au public contient les dements des idiomes 
 dont se servent les tribus et peuplades non-Aryennes qui vivent dans I'dtendue des pos- 
 sessions Anglaises aux Indcs, ou qui se trouvent sur les fronti^res de cet empire. Ce sont 
 les debris mutil^s d'un monde d^pourvu d'annales qui pr^ceda la dispersion de la famille 
 Indo-Germanique. Les races ante-historiques succomb^rent si completement dans les plaines 
 de I'Hindustan sous les coups des envahisseurs ■ Aryens qu'elles perdirent tout souvenir de 
 leur origine distincte comme peuple. Cependant, ainsi que j'ai essay^ de le d6montrer dans 
 mon livre intitule Annals of Rural Bengal, ces races ont affectd d'une mani^re permanente le 
 langage, la religion et la destinde politique de I'agglomeration composite d'Hindous qu'elles 
 concoururent k former en se fusionnant avec leurs vainqueurs. D'un autre c6t6 elles 
 conserv^rent leur nationality intacte dans les montagnes et sur les plateaux ^lev6s qui abondent 
 partout aux Indes ; et firent pendant des si^cles une guerre incessante aux populations deS 
 basses terres. Aryens, Affghans, et Mongols, les conqu^rants successifs de ce pays essay^rent 
 tour k tour de les exterminer. Ce sont ces races que les Anglais s'efforcent aujourd'hui de 
 rallier. Mais afin de leur donner les bienfaits de la civilisation, il est indispensable de les 
 comprendrc. De k\ le present volume qui, pour la premiere fois, met la race gouvernante en 
 rapports directs avec quatre-vingt millions de ses sujets et de ses voisins d'origine non-Aryenne. 
 
 Le but principal de mes recherches a done ^t^ essentiellement pratique : toutefois j'ose 
 esperer qu'elles ne seront pas sans utilite au point de vue de la philologie. Cette science s'est 
 occupee jusqu'ici presqu' exclusivement des idiomes Indo-Germaniques et Semitiques, c'est k 
 dire du langage envisage dans une seule de ses phases, et non pas la plus int^ressante. 
 L'dtude des langues non-Aryennes de I'lnde doit, j'en ai la conviction, aboutir au classement 
 d'un vaste r^sidu linguistique (si je puis m'exprimer ainsi) ; elle fournira les bases d'une 
 nouvelle science du langage, de mCme qu'il y a quatre-vingt ans I'^tude de Sanscrit aux Indes 
 posa les fondements sur lesquels a k'ii clev6 le syst^me, de philologie qui a cours aujourd'hui. 
 Dans la dissertation suivante, j'ai fait remarquer avec soin les erreurs et les inexactitudes 
 probables de ce premier essai : j'esp^re pouvoir ^liminer les unes dans une Grammaire 
 Comparative des langues non-Aryennes k laquelle je travaille en ce moment. J'abandonne 
 le reste k la gen(^rosit6 des savants qui ont pour leurs recherches ce loisir et cette connaissance 
 complete des principcs scicntifiques dont on ne saurait esp(^rer de jouir lorsqu'on est plongci, 
 comme je Ic suis, au milieu des soucis de la vie officielle aux Indes. 
 
 Pour la commodity des savants d'Europe, mon vocabulaire est en Anglais, en Fran^ais, 
 en Allemand, en Russc, et en Latin. Les synonymes Frangais sont placds les premiers en 
 tete de chaque page, et k la fin du volume on trouvera un index des mots appartenant k 
 cette langue. 
 
PR^FATIO LATINA. 
 
 T N hoc libro linguas collexi tribuum et populorum; quot sanguinis Aryani non participes aut 
 imperio Britannico apud Indos subjecti sunt aut fines Britannicos accolunt. Monumenta 
 sunt, disjecta sane atque dispersa, temporis obscuri et neque per literas neque per hominum 
 memoriam noti, in quo nondum sede pristina diffuderat sese stirps Indogermanica, In 
 campis quidem Hindusthanije ita oppressae sunt ab immigrantibus Aryanis nationcs, quae ibi 
 antea habitaverant, ut generis diversitatem omnino oblitse sint : quamvis (quod in Annalibus 
 meis Agri Bengalensis demonstrare conatus sum) linguam, religionem, rei publicje speciem 
 apud Indos non miriime affecerint ; Indi enim e vincentium cum victis commixtione progeniti 
 sunt. Sed inter montes et campos editiores, quales per Indiam undique exstant, immutati 
 reperiuntur indigenje generisque sinceri. Bellum per saecula cum populis campestribus gesserunt ; 
 neque ulli eorum, qui Indiam identidem debellaverunt, Aryani, Affghani, Moghulenses, montanos 
 homines non exstirpare laboraverunt. Angli e contrario nostris temporibus ad cultum atque 
 humanitatem ducere student ; quod si facere posse volumus, linguas eorum prius intelligendum 
 est ; et primus in serie fastorum Indicorum liber meus quasi interpres in medium prodit inter 
 dominos terrae et octingenties centena millia hominum alienigenarum, qui cum Anglis seu 
 
 ditione seu vicinitate conjunguntur. 
 
 1' '■'''',■'■ 
 
 Fin'em igitur ad quem maxime contendi utilitas hodierna est, et maxime in rebus 
 civilibus ; sed valde spero aliquid Europaeae eruditioni contulisse. Hactenus vix nisi linguis 
 Indogermanicis et Semiticis incubuit philologia ; quee tamen omnes unius generis sunt, neque 
 ejus, e quo quam plurimum disci potest. Per studium linguarum non Aryanarum porta, ut 
 credo, patebit in congeriem illam indigestam sermonis humani adhiic residui atque neglecti, 
 cujus ad novam scientiam transibimus, non aliter quam ad scientiam, quae nunc est, philo- 
 logicam per cognitionem linguae Sanscriticse ante octoginta annos admissi sumus. In dis- 
 putatione, quae subjecta est, errores, quos suspicor, et vitia operis rudis atque imperfecti 
 diligentissime exhibui : quorum aliqua tollere spero in Grammatica Comparativa sermonis non 
 Aryani, cui nunc intentus sum ; cetera viris doctis et aequis relinquo, qui tempore longiore 
 et scientia profundiore fruantur, quam inter distractiones civilium negotiorum ulli apud Indiam 
 competit. 
 
 Quinque linguis, ut commodo eruditorum Europaeorum inservirem, opus expressi, 
 Anglica, Gallica, Germanica, Russica, Latina. Quintum semper in capite paginarum stat 
 verbum Latinum ; et in fine operis indicem Latinum addidi ordine alphabetico exaratum. 
 
SSorttJort* 
 
 ^n bt'efem S3it(|)e ^aU ii) tie @pracf;en t>tx ntcf;t^avtf^en (Stamme unb miUv jufammengefieltt, bie inntx^ali 
 be^ t)vitti[d;en 5Retcf;eg in 3nbten ober an ben ©venjen beplkn wopnen, SS ffnb ^evftveute S3rilct;pcle jener 
 {)ifiovifd; nid;t »erjetcl;neten SBett, tt)eW;e bev 3erjlteuung ber tnbo^germantfc^ett 9iace Dovperging. 2lnf ben 
 (gbenen con ^inbofiau ffnb bie »or^iflorifd;en 3^acen ben avifdjen Srokrevn fo vottficinbig untertegen, ba^ ftc 
 iebe ©rinnevung i|)ver etgenen Stfcftammung »erioren '^aUn. @ie i^akn jebod;, wie i(|) in metnen Slnnalen ber 
 Dorflanbfcf;aften SengatenS ju jeigen t)evfu(f;te, auf bie @pvcic(;e, bie STtetigion unb bie jlaa«id;e entwirterung 
 bcv ibinbuij, bie au« bev aScvmifdjung jwifrf;cn i|)ncn unb ijiren (Svobevevn ^evvovgegangen finb, einen 
 6Ieitenben (Sinfluf au6geii6t. §lkv auf ben jsat;Ireic[;en ®e6trgen unb ^o^tUnm 3nbien^ pakn fte ftt^ t|)re 
 5^ationatitat ttoKl^dnbig evpatten unb rait bev 33e»iStferung beiS gtac^tanbea wafireub \ni^xmx Sapvpunberte 
 fovtwcil^renb ^rieg gefiiprt. 
 
 ©ie tange 3tei|)e inbifd)ev Svokvev, 3lnev, Slfgpanen unb bie Ovo^moguB t;akn a6tt)ect;fetnb auf bie 
 33evtitgung bevfctku pingeavkitet. 
 
 Sie engtdnber kmii^en ftd; jietjt fie fur ©efittung em^fdngti^ ju mac^en, unb burc^ bag gegenwartige 
 iBuc^ tt)irb jum erj^en TlaU in ber Oefc^icfite 3nbieng bie unmitteftare aSerfidnbigung ber |)errf(|)enben 3?ace 
 mit ac^tjig aJiiHionen iftrer ntcf)t*arif(|)en Untert|)anen unb yia6)iaxn angejlrek, 
 
 Otwo^t nun ber .^auptjitiecf raeiner Unterfuct;ungen ein rein pra!tifc{;er roar, barf id; boc^ 5ut)erfic|)ttid; 
 :^offen, bap biefetten ber euro))difd;en <5prac^forfd;ung wn einigem ?lutjen fein werben. 25te @pra(|)tt)iffenf^aft 
 W jic^ tig letjt fafi augfd;tieptid; um bie inbogermamfc^en unb bie femitifc^en ©prac^en, unb jwar in einem 
 einjetucn, !etne(Jrt)cg(5 bcm tel)rrcid;ften SntivicteUingg'Stabium bcrfetkn kfiimraert. 
 
 Da<3 ©tubium ber ntd;t'avifd;cn @prad;cit 3»t>tcn(3 ijt mcinciS Bafilrpatteng baju kflimmt, bag rcidjc 
 nod; iiOrige <Sprad;materiat ju erfd;tiej5en unb bie ®runblage einer neueit ®prad;wijfenfd;aft abjugekn in 
 ekn ber ffiBeife, roie vor acptjtg 3:a^ren bag ©anflritjiubium in 3nbien bie S3aftg tieferte, auf wetd;er bag 
 j'etjige @i3rad;enf9ftem kvu^t. 3n ber fofgenben Slipanbtung pak ic^ bie SDtdnget unb etwaigen Ungenau^ 
 igfeiten biefeg ©runbrijfeg forgfditig angegeten. 
 
 Sinige berfetkn ^ofe OS) in einer cergtetc^enben ©rammatif ber nid^t=^arifc^en @prac|en, rait beren 
 Siugarkitung i^ ^etjt kfd;dftigt 6in, ju kfeitigen. 
 
 jDag Uektge iikriaffe id; ber niitben Seuvtpeilung ber @prad;forfc^er, bie mit raejir 2)tu(3e unb 
 ftreugerer SCBiffcnfd;aft(id;feit arkiten, a(g man fid; uitter ben 23erufggefd;dfteu beg ffleaniteutekng in 3^nbien 
 VH'vfd;affcn faun. 
 
 3ura bequemeren ©ekaud; fitr europdifd;e @prad;freuttbe ift ben ©ngtifc^en SBortern eine ^Jranjoftfc^e, 
 ©eutfd[)e, 9?u)fifc^e unb ?ateinifd^e Ueberfetjung beigegeben. 3n bem (loturanentitet jlept febegraal bag beutf^e 
 2Sort JU iwdt, unb am Snbe beg ffianbeg beftnbet ftc^ ein alppabetif^eg beutf^eg SSerjei^nig. 
 
 nPE4iicioniE. 
 
 Jin omoii Kiium coOpaiiui miioio nsbiicu iie-apiaiicKUxn uapodoun u iiMMem, oicuoywiUws es AniAo-undimcicoMi 
 wcydapcmeib uau ua ipanuiiiaxn mo. IfnM owe oceio mpyda uaMoiceua Muoio nodpoOno en damuucKOMn u uroAm^KOMti 
 npeducMOtJixs an ncMy, a omuffim, iwrnopbiMn nodoepotcens maiioio poda mpydn, ymsaubi an pascyoicdeniu, iieno- 
 cpedcmoeuHO cjmdyioui,eMn 3a npeducMoicMn. fl,Mi ydoGcmea pyccKuxs %umameMu, eoepxy Jiucma, cnpaea moicdmo 
 aitiMucKmo Mooa, noMmWiens eio pyccmu cuuoiiuMn, ebipaoiceimuU AamuucicuMu OynoaMu ua ckomko mo eosMooicuo 
 6JIU3K0 npu pasnocmu aadym ; nn Kou^^y oice iciiuiu npuMoicem aAcpaoummiU ymsameM uxn. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PART I— DISSERTATION. 
 
 I. Political, 
 II. Linguistic, . 
 
 III. General Conclusions, 
 
 IV. Acknowledgments, . 
 
 fAr.i! 
 
 I 
 
 i6 
 
 30 
 
 PART 1 1.— D I C T I O N A R Y. 
 PRONOMINALS, 
 
 CHAP. 
 
 I. Numerals — One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, 
 
 fifty, hundred, .......... 33-47 
 
 II. Pronouns — I, thou, he, she, it, we, you, they, mine, thine, his, our, your, their, this, that, 
 
 which Irel.), who ? what ? anybody, anything, ...... 48-66 
 
 III. Adverbs and Particles, in alphabetical order, '-'- ...... 67-103 
 
 ROOTS. 
 
 IV. Nouns, in alphabetical order, 
 V. Adjectives, in alphabetical order, 
 VI. Verbs, in alphabetical order, . 
 
 104-166 
 . 167-194 
 • 195-218 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 I. English Index, 
 II. French Index, 
 
 III. German Index, 
 
 IV. Russian Index, 
 V. Latin Index, 
 
 222 
 223 
 224 
 
NOT AN DA. 
 
 TRANSLITERATION. 
 
 a ■=. u as in cut ; i = « as in card, 
 i = ee as in meet ; i ^ ee as in thee, 
 u ■=. 00 as in boot ; u = oo as in booth. 
 
 SIGNS. 
 
 Dual (i)j Plural f); Dual Inclusive (=); Dual Exclusive {*); Plural Inclusive (°); Plural Exclusive ("), 
 In Magyar, Turkish, Circassian, or Georgian, an asterisk (*) attached to a word indicates that it is 
 obtained froin the ' Gentium Borco-Oricntalium Vulgo Tartarorum Harmonia Li7iguaruin^ appended to 
 ' A Description of the Nortliern and Eastern Parts of Etirope and Asia, written in High German by 
 Philip John von Strahlenberg, a Swedish officer, thirteen years captive in those parts,' 4to, 1736, 463 pp. 
 An author not always trustwortliy. 
 
 In Mongol and Mantshu an asterisk (*) indicates the same thing. The sign t marks an Ostiak 
 word used by the tribes of the river Irtisch in Siberia ; % marks Samoyedic words in use apiong the 
 peoples living between tlic Yencsei and the Lena ; § marks Tungusic words spoken by the races of 
 tlie Tingus valley in Siberia ; || indicate Tungusic or I^amuti words of Kamschatka. 
 
DISSERTATION. 
 
 I.— POLITICAL. 
 
 \ T the close of each year the British Governors of India deUver an account 
 -^^^ of the provinces entrusted to their care. Their reports are mainly occupied 
 with internal measures, and form monuments of sagacious humanity and the national 
 genius for rule, which no Englishman can contemplate without patriotic pride. But 
 from amid these records of the consolidation of long hostile races into a harmonious 
 empire, one chapter stands out in painful contrast. It is the section which refers 
 to the hill and forest peoples who surround the frontier and inhabit the interior 
 table-lands and mountain ranges of India. No sooner does the narrative enter on 
 this topic, than its whole spirit changes. The deliberate civil strength and calm 
 knowledge which regulate the action of English Governors towards the population 
 of the plains, give place to fitful and violent exertions of armed force. Calculations 
 from ascertained social causes and effects are seldom attempted ; the issues of any 
 measure can never be foretold : the only policy discernible Is a policy of emergen- 
 cies ; and In place of the sedate forbearance towards the prejudices and weaknesses 
 of the people, little appears save mutual Indignation, outrages, reprisals, and a 
 perpetual probability that each cold season will have Its highland rising or frontier 
 war. 
 
 General statements are feeble when particular Illustrations abound. It matters 
 little which province is cited. No population ever made more rapid progress In all 
 that renders life secure, and In all that renders life worth having, than the people 
 of Lower Bengal between i860 and 1865; and the frontier history of this part 
 of India Is certainly not more unsatisfactory than that of Its neighbours. The 
 Administration Report for x 860-61 records our dealings with four hill races, two 
 of them situated far within the British boundary. The narrative opens with 
 ' outrages perpetrated on British subjects by the people of SIkhim ;' the second 
 section is devoted to military operations against the Kukis ; the third to military 
 operations against the Garrows ; the fourth relates the sequel of the previous 
 season's military operations against the Cossyahs and Jynteahs. These form the 
 entire record, of our intercourse with the hill tribes during the year. But Indeed 
 the bare titles of the chapters — titles given, it must be remembered, by an official 
 pen — speak with sufficient clearness as to the character of our administration of the 
 
DISSERTATION. [i.-poutical. 
 
 highland races. The report for 1861-62 contains six short chapters. The first 
 is headed, 'The Cossyah Rebellion;' the second, 'Riot in Nowgong;' the third, 
 ' Excitement in the Sonthal Districts ;' the fourth, ' Disturbances in Sumbulpore ; ' 
 the fifth, ' Disturbances in Boad ;' the sixth, ' Booteah Aggressions.' The report 
 for 1862-63 again leads off with ' The Cossyah Rebellion,' and is occupied by the 
 invariable record of outrages and armed pacifications. Next year a lull occurred, 
 but the British power received insults which could be wiped out only by a costly 
 and sanguinary war. The report of 1864-65 accordingly opens with the Bhutan 
 expedition, — an expedition memorable for its disasters not less than for its ultimate 
 triumph ; the next section relates a raid into British territory by Tibetans ; the third 
 Is taken up with a narrative of murder and abduction in British territory by 
 Nepalese ; the fourth, with disturbances in Munipur ; the fifth is headed ' Naga 
 Raids ; ' the sixth, ' Garrow Outrages.' 
 
 Similar scenes repeat themselves with more or less frequency In every 
 mountainous region of India. The wisdom of British administrators In managing 
 the Hindus and Mussalmans of the plains, seems everywhere turned into folly when 
 dealing with the hill and forest tribes. These tribes approach or exceed two 
 hundred in number ; but an Impartial historian could not review our intercourse 
 with more than one of them with unmixed pride. It was once customary to lay 
 the blame of our failure on the races themselves; and, without doubt, tribes so far 
 removed from us In their social necessities, habits of thought, and motives of action, 
 are more difficult to deal with than a population which has so much in common 
 with ourselves as the Hindus. Many of the hill races have approved themselves 
 faithful allies, brave soldiers, and peaceful subjects under British rule ; and the 
 administrators who know them most Intimately, speak most enthusiastically of their 
 manliness and love of truth. But In their political dealings with us, the element 
 of certainty is always wanting. Individual officers can safely rely on them, but 
 the Government cannot ; and no length of contented industry or loyal service 
 furnishes a guarantee against sudden risings which cover whole districts with flames. 
 Indian administrators have accordingly become accustomed to accept the hill 
 races as mysteries, and to look upon their movements, necessities, and animosities, 
 as things beyond the range of political knowledge. But the essence of mystery 
 consists In presenting the effect and concealing the cause. In dealing with the 
 highland tribes, the English have constantly to witness startling results, whose 
 reasons they are unable to perceive. The power of observing and Interpreting 
 social Indications, by which officers rise to places of trust on the plains, finds no 
 material to act upon among the mountaineers ; and frontier administrators are selected 
 less for the qualities which anticipate and avert danger, than for the ready Intre- 
 pidity which disarms it. The truth Is, the English have studied and understand the 
 lowland population as no conquerors ever studied or understood a subject race. 
 
i.-ponTicAL.i DISSERTATION. 
 
 Their history, their habits, their requirements, their very weaknesses and prejudices 
 are known, and furnish a basis for those political inductions, which, under the 
 titles of administrative foresight and timely reform, meet popular movements half- 
 way. The East India Company grudged neither honours nor solid rewards to any 
 meritorious effort to illustrate the peoples whom it ruled. Such efforts led to a series 
 of discoveries which have rolled back the horizon of human knowledge, and brought 
 out in clear relief the ethnical revolutions of a prehistoric world. They have 
 proved that the population of India mainly consists of that Aryan or noble stock 
 which has radiated from Persia to America and Australasia, and Js now nearly 
 co-extensive with civilised mankind. At an early period, it became known that 
 another element had entered into the composition of the Indian people ; but an 
 ignoble element, destitute of letters, of historical relationship, of religious conceptions, 
 of all that renders the study of a race attractive, and for the most part buried away 
 in forests fatal to European life. The very lustre of Aryan discoveries threw the 
 non- Aryan peoples of India into a deeper shade. Practical usefulness and the 
 gloss of fashion were for once on the same side ; and European scholars crowded 
 into a field in which every honest seeker might hope to find some ore, and kept 
 aloof from pursuits in which they could look for little sympathy, and from which 
 they expected no results. While a new science was being erected on the basis 
 furnished by Sanskrit speech, the languages and the very names of the non- 
 Aryan races remained unknown, and Government very properly kept its liberality 
 for those studies which promised most fruit. Every year saw some research into 
 Indo-Aryan history or speech munificently assisted ; but during the whole history 
 of the East India Company, it is impossible to adduce a single effort to illustrate 
 the non-Aryan tribes which received efficient support. Until very lately, and per- 
 haps even still, before a man devotes himself to these races, he must make up his 
 mind not merely to dedicate his private fortune to researches which yield no fame, 
 but also to separate himself from the great sympathetic stream of European 
 scholarship. 
 
 The practical result now appears. English administrators understand the 
 Aryan, and are almost totally ignorant of the non- Aryan, population of India. 
 They know with remarkable precision how a measure will be received by the 
 higher or purely Aryan ranks of the community; they can foresee with less 
 certainty its effect upon the lower or semi-Aryan classes ; but they neither know 
 nor venture to predict the results of any line of action among the non-Aryan 
 tribes. Political calculations are impossible without a knowledge of the people. 
 
 But the evil does not stop here. In the void left by ignorance, prejudice has 
 taken up its seat; and the calamity of the non-Aryan races is not merely that they 
 are not understood, but that they are misrepresented. We have gathered our notions 
 concerning them from their immemorial enemies. Nothing can be conceived in a 
 
4 DISSERTATION. [i.-poutical. 
 
 more malignant spirit, than the epithets which ancient Sanskrit writers apply to them. 
 The Brahmlnlcal religion has ever treated them as outcasts, hateful to gods and 
 men ; and this traditional and superstitious abhorrence Is kept in a glow by the 
 actual necessities of the superior race. The Hindus are an Increasing, and conse- 
 quently an encroaching people. Their advances have to be made at the expense 
 of the hill and forest tribes ; and Aryan aggressiveness, mercantile or territorial, has 
 been found to He at the bottom of almost every non-Aryan rising whose causes 
 have been carefully ascertained. Indian history. Indeed, Is one long monotonous 
 recital of how the children of the soil have been driven deeper and deeper into 
 the wilds. On the one side is contemptuous detestation, on the other sullen fury ; 
 yet frontier investigators have constantly to accept the slanders of the wrong-doers 
 as their sole evidence touching the motives and character of the wronged. What 
 sort of a notion should we arrive at of the Hindus, If our only data had to be 
 gathered among the aborigines ? Of most of these unhappy tribes we have not a 
 single portraiture by an impartial hand. The Indian newspapers catch and spread 
 the infection. On more than one occasion, English journalists have so far for- 
 gotten their characteristic tenderness to the fallen, as to Insult the despairing 
 bravery of hill tribes, to speak of a peasantry fighting for Its homesteads as ' adult 
 tigers,' and to propose, as a cure for well-grounded disaffection, the deportation 
 across the seas of a whole race. Within the last fourteen years. Christian gentle- 
 men have penned articles breathing a spirit scarcely less tolerant than that In which 
 the early Sanskrit singers depicted the forest tribes as black, noseless demons, of 
 squat stature, and Inarticulate speech. 
 
 The strongest proofs of our ignorance of the non-Aryan races, however, are 
 to be found In the works of non-Aryan scholars. I shall cite two writers of 
 unquestionable ability, with regard to whom my remarks cannot be misconstrued 
 Into hostile criticism. An admirable lecture, delivered In 1852 before the Royal 
 Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, stated that a survey officer had ' lately 
 discovered another tribe called Sonthals.' This newly found tribe, it should be 
 observed, had occupied over thirty thousand square miles of British territory during 
 more than half a century, numbered about two million people, had given new 
 land-tenures to adjoining districts, and sent forth colonies to the north and to the 
 east, one of which paid ^6803, in the single item of rent, to the British treasury 
 in 1854, and contained at the period of their 'discovery' 82,795 souls. Yet the 
 lecturer was perfectly accurate in speaking of this race — a race equal to the whole 
 rural population of Scotland — as having just been brought to light. Four years 
 later, this unknown race, goaded by wrongs which their English rulers had long 
 failed to understand, and therefore neglected to redress, burst down upon the plains, 
 and during five memorable months devastated the western districts with fire and 
 sword. As soon as order was restored, their complaints were Inquired into, and 
 
i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. 5 
 
 found to be just. A new system was inaugurated, and they have ever shice been 
 the most contented of British subjects. A year ago, the sister society in Bengal 
 put forth an elaborate volume, which endeavoured to bring together all that is 
 known about the non-Aryan peoples. With regard to many of them, scarcely 
 anything appears but their names. Of one important tribe — the Gonds of Bustar and 
 the adjoining countries — the conscientious writer says : ' We know very little except 
 that they are extreme savages— black, ugly, barbarous, and dangerous.' Another — 
 the Kherrias, whose very name, as will subsequently appear, is pregnant with 
 information— are declared to be 'a mystery even to Colonel Dalton,' the most 
 laborious investigator which that section of the aborigines has had. 
 
 But while learned men admit and deplore the absence of information, there is 
 a class of writers who are not content to plead ignorance. If Government orders 
 a report on the causes of a frontier raid, a report must be compiled. British officers, 
 however, are scarcely ever able to converse with the offending tribes : no dictionary 
 of their languages has been published, and all that can be found out about 
 them comes through their natural enemies, the Aryan borderers. Extravagant 
 calumnies thus attain to , the dignity of State Papers, and are copied from one 
 report into another. The more malignant and striking the caricature, the surer it 
 is of a wide circulation, till, gradually gaining probability by unquestioned iteration, 
 it becomes the materials by which our official dealings are regulated, and on which 
 our political estimate is formed. When it is possible to place such reports side by 
 side by the truth, the result is merely ludicrous; but it is not always possible to 
 do so. And for one calumny that can thus be rendered harmless, a hundred wander 
 forth unrefuted, poisoning public opinion, drying up our natural charity, and, it is 
 to be feared, warping the British policy towards whole races. 
 
 It is an invidious, although unfortunately easy, task to select particular 
 instances. In 1854 a long series of misunderstandings and more or less mutual 
 grievances culminated in a war with Bhutan. Here is the official account of the 
 unfortunate race whom it was then found necessary to encounter, and whose 
 untrained valour repelled for a time the resources of civilised war. The descrip- 
 tion is a sufficiently striking one, and had been transcribed from one Report 
 into another three times before it reached the State Paper from which I excerpt 
 it. The interjections are its own. It sets out by stigmatizing the Bhuteas as 
 ' very quarrelsome and unsociable, as will be seen from their huts being isolated', 
 forgetting that the barrenness of the hills and the necessities of hunting-tribes 
 render large villages on the Hindu plan impracticable. ' They are a very revenge- 
 ful and sly race, seldom forgetting a wrong done them ; the greatest cheats and 
 the most barefaced liars, I may safely say, in India ! Morality is not named 
 among them : men and women occupy the same apartment ; after a day's work 
 they assemble around one fire, with a large basin full of imiriva (a spirituous 
 
DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 
 
 liqlior made from the grain of the same name), which they suck up through narrow 
 bamboo tubes, and eventually all fall about drunk, from the child to the grandsire, 
 unable to rise till the following morning. The women seldom remain true to their 
 husbands. They generally go from one to another, leaving the children, if there 
 are any, with the father ! ' For this extraordinary picture the colours were mixed, 
 we may be sure, by a lowlander's ' hand. 
 
 It happens that this race is one of those on whom the light of Mr. Brian 
 Hodgson's scholarship has glanced. He discriminates between two branches of 
 the same family ; the one considerably advanced in civilisation, the other still rude. 
 With regard to the latter he thus sums up : ' They are, in fact, not noxious, but 
 helpless ; not vicious, but aimless, both morally and intellectually ; so that one cannot 
 without distress behold their careless, unconscious inaptitude.' Let the reader 
 contrast this touching portraiture of the wildest of the unreclaimed tribes, with the 
 above uncritical denunciation of the whole Bhutea stock; and from its successful 
 calumnies on a people who have formed an object of anxious scrutiny during many 
 years, let him judge of the bold flights of malignancy that are safely ventured upon 
 in delineations of less known races. 
 
 Thus ignorance begets misrepresentation, and misrepresentation brings forth 
 bitter political fruits. The non-Aryan element, moreover, is not confined to the 
 hills and forests ; it enters largely into the composition of the people of the plains, 
 in some places preponderating over the Aryan, and everywhere forming a thick 
 solid substratum on which the Hindu population rests. Of the lowland aborigines, 
 where they have preserved their nationality, preedial slavery until recently formed 
 the almost universal fate. In some parts of Southern India the intolerant provi- 
 sions of Manu receive effect at the present day ; and the aboriginal castes continue 
 to live apart with their dogs and asses on the outskirts of the village, forbidden to 
 pollute its streets with their processions or their dwellings, or to build any habitation 
 less humble than a thatched mud hut. But in general the non-Aryans of the 
 plains have merged in the composite community ; and in my Annals of Rtiral 
 Bengal I have endeavoured, at considerable length, to exhibit the ethnical 
 compromises to which the Aryan element has had to submit, and to illustrate the 
 permanent influence of the aboriginal races on the speech, the religion, the social 
 institutions, and the political destinies of the modern Hindus. It has been my 
 fortune to be brought in several capacities into unusually close contact with both 
 the pure and the mixed non-Aryan population. As an officer for several years 
 upon an ethnical frontier, I was deeply impressed with the almost imperceptible 
 gradations by which the acknowledged non-Aryans of the highlands slid into the 
 low-caste Hindus of the plain. When in charge of the treasury, I had means of 
 learning that the hill races have affected the relation of landlord and tenant in the 
 lowlands to an extent that has not even been conjectured ; and that non-Aryan 
 
i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. 
 
 ideas of property, never recognised by the rulers, but immoveably rooted in the 
 masses of Lower Bengal, had seethed and agitated, and irresistibly worked their 
 way upwards, till they impressed themselves on our most conspicuous piece of rural 
 legislation. As a magistrate, I came in contact with prejudices and traditional 
 convictions, which, however unfounded they may seem to us, nevertheless amount 
 to a sense of duty, and supply motives of action to millions of British subjects ; 
 prejudices and convictions for which English criminal justice makes no allowance, 
 yet which, as I shall show, sometimes affect English officers with a sense almost 
 of sickness in administering the law. But it was when in charge of a jail on the 
 ethnical frontier that I really learned of what the Bengali people is made up. In 
 that little captive community each class found itself amply represented. Of four 
 hundred prisoners, one-fourth camfe from the adjacent highlands, and brought with 
 them the customs, superstitions, and speech of an aboriginal race. The main 
 body consisted of the mixed semi-Aryan Hindus, from the low-caste which eats 
 offal, to the husbandman who in meats and drinks walks after the pattern of the 
 straitest Pundit. Brahmans formed the residue, and illustrated the various grada- 
 tions in even the purely Aryan element. Men's characters come out in jail as 
 they do on a long voyage ; and the not unkindly relations between the prisoners 
 and their non-resident head who sometimes shields them from the harshness of 
 subordinates, whose tempers are tried and whose humanity is impaired . by the 
 details of prison discipline, ; brought me into contact with a hidden world of thought, 
 feeling, and motive, which the ordinary intercourse of life would never have 
 enabled me to reach. Subsequently, in a distant part of the province, it was my 
 office to watch over the emigrants to the tea districts. Every week, bands, of 
 hill-men, driven by hunger from the western frontier, embarked for plantations in 
 the extreme north-east. They represented the overflowings of many races, and 
 brought with them tales of disease and chronic starvation, to which their faces 
 and bodies bore touching proof Still later, when superintending Public Instruction 
 in the south-western division of Bengal, I found that our efforts obtained an 
 adequate success only in the lowland districts. I have had an opportunity of 
 comparing these efforts with the working of State Education in France and Prussia ; 
 and I am convinced that . the Indian scheme is inferior, neither in its organization 
 nor in its fruits, to the model systems of Europe, while it possesses a single- 
 mindedness and an elasticity all its own. It performs as a solemn obligation a 
 function that has never entered into the ideas or touched the conscience of any 
 other conquering race. It sacrifices nothing of its educational efficiency to political 
 purposes ; it . is looked upon by neither the rulers nor the people as an engine of 
 government, but keeps itself with cold dignity to its own proper work, and is at 
 this moment increasing by one-third the civilised world. In the Hindu districts, 
 every important village or considerable collection of homesteads has, or will soon 
 
DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 
 
 have, an aided school. But within half a day's march beyond the ethnical frontier 
 the scene changes : Government schools can hardly be planted, except in the local 
 capitals, where colonies of Hindu officials and traders have sprung up ; and unpaid 
 missionary zeal forms the only educational channel by which the State has found 
 it possible to reach the aboriginal masses. In short, the population of India 
 everywhere divides itself into classes : the preponderating Hinduized section 
 including the whole upper and middle ranks in lowland provinces, with whose 
 languages, habits, and necessities we are perfectly familiar, and to whom British 
 rule is an unmixed blessing ; and the aboriginal or semi-aboriginal residue, - who 
 form a dense unpenetrated substratum among the population of the plains and the 
 sole inhabitants of mountainous or forest regions,- — a residue of whose speech, 
 feelings, and wants we know nothing, whom the English imagination has not yet 
 reached, and for whom the security and prosperity of British rule have, by removing 
 the previous checks on population, only intensified the struggle for life. 
 
 Yet these unrealized races have capabilities, both for good and for evil, which 
 it is impossible to overlook. For ages they have formed a difficulty which each suc- 
 ceeding Government of India has been forced to face, and which no Government has 
 been able to get rid of. The Mussalmans dealt with them as with wild beasts, 
 but they have a tenacity to existence which wild beasts do not possess ; and the one 
 sorrowful lesson of their history is, that they cannot be exterminated. The most 
 that the Company hoped for, was to keep them quiet ; with what success, let the 
 narrative of our dealings with any one among their races, or the events of any single 
 year, attest. The problem which the Queen's Government in India is now called 
 upon to solve, is to utilize them. From time to time, isolated administrators, 
 touched by their miseries and rude virtues, have laboured to acquire their languages 
 and to understand their wants ; but such knowledge has hitherto been the property 
 of individuals, and has too often died with its possessors. Even when committed 
 to paper, their researches remain buried in the Government archives, or form 
 scattered and scarcely accessible monographs in the proceedings of learned societies. 
 This book endeavours to render these perishable hoards of individuals the permanent 
 property of the Government, and to place what have hitherto been matters of recondite 
 scholarship, at the disposal of every Indian missionary or administrator who wishes 
 honestly to do his work. 
 
 Although we are chiefly acquainted with the non-Aryan peoples as frontier 
 marauders and rebels, their capabilities for good are not unascertained. During 
 the struggle between the worn-out Sanskrit civilisation and the impetuous prime 
 of Islam, the Hindus discovered the value of the aboriginal races. Many chiefs of 
 noble Aryan blood maintained their independence by such alliances ; others founded 
 new kingdoms among the forest peoples. To this day some of the tribes exhibit a 
 black original section living side by side with a fair-skinned composite kindred sprung 
 
[.-POLITICAL.] DISSERTATION. 
 
 from the refugees ; and the most exalted Hindu princes have to submit to a curious 
 aboriginal rite on their accession to the throne. It was stated before the Royal 
 Asiatic Society in 1852, that the investiture of the Rajput Rajah of Nerwar is 
 not complete, till one of his purely aboriginal subjects, a Mina, paints a round 
 spot on his forehead with blood freshly drawn from the toe of another Mina. 
 Without this formal recognition, his non-Aryan subjects could not be depended 
 upon ; when once it has been performed, their fidelity has never been known to 
 waver. They form the treasury and palace guards, hold the personal safety of 
 the prince entirely in their hands, and supply the sole escort to whom he entrusts 
 the honour of his daughters when they go abroad. The Ranah of Udaypur, cited 
 by General Briggs as the highest in rank of all the Hindu sovereigns in India, 
 renders the same homage, however ill it may comport with his caste and personal 
 dignity, to the traditions of his aboriginal subjects. Before he ascends the throne, his 
 forehead must first be marked with the blood of a Bhil. The Hinduized chieftains 
 of Central India receive investiture by the blood of a pure Kol ; and so strong a 
 hold has this ceremony on the minds of the people, that among the Cheris — once 
 a great tribe, who defended themselves with honour against Shere Shah and the 
 Imperial army, now reduced to five or six families — the head of the little 
 community is still installed under the title of Rajah, with the token of the round 
 spot of warm aboriginal blood. 
 
 But it is not the Hindus alone that have proved the loyalty of these neglected 
 races. Scarcely a single administrator has ruled over them for any length of time, 
 without finding his prejudices conquered, and his heart softened, and leaving on 
 record his sorrow for their present condition, and his belief in their capabilities 
 for good. But lest the traditional tenderness of the Indian Civil Service to the 
 people should weaken the testimony of such witnesses, I shall quote only the words 
 of soldiers — words publicly uttered and printed by veteran servants of the Company' 
 or Crown, and never contradicted or impugned. ' They are faithful, truthful, and 
 attached to their superiors,' writes General Briggs ; ' ready at all times to lay down 
 their lives for those they serve, and remarkable for their indomitable courage. 
 These qualities have been always displayed in our Service. The aborigines of the 
 Carnatic were the Sepoys of Clive and of Coote. A few companies of the same 
 stock joined the former great captain from Bombay, and fought the battle of 
 Plassey in Bengal, which laid the foundation of our Indian empire. They have 
 since distinguished themselves in the corps of pioneers and engineers, not only in 
 India, but in Ava, in Affghanistan, and in the celebrated defence of Jelalabad. An 
 unjust prejudice against them has grown up in the armies of Madras and Bombay, 
 where they haye done best service, produced by the feelings of contempt for 
 them existing among the Hindu and Mahomedan troops. They have no prejudices 
 themselves, are always ready to serve abroad and embark on board ship ; and I 
 
lo DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 
 
 believe no instance of mutiny has ever occurred among them.' Colonel Dixon's 
 report, published by the Court of Directors, portrays their character with admirable 
 minuteness. He dilates on their ' fidelity, truth, and honesty,' their determined 
 valour, their simple loyalty, and an extreme and almost touching devotion when 
 put upon their honour. Strong as is the bond of kindred among the Mirs, he 
 vouches for their fidelity in guarding even their own relatives as prisoners when 
 formally entrusted to their care. For centuries they had been known only as 
 exterminators ; but beneath the considerate handling of one Englishman who 
 honestly set about understanding them, they became peaceful subjects and well- 
 disciplined soldiers. To the honour of British administrators be it said, the same 
 transformation has taken place in many a remote forest of India ; and I fear that, 
 in pleading for the universal and systematic adoption of the policy which has pro- 
 duced such brilliant isolated results, I may have too sparingly acknowledged many 
 noble individual efforts. Every military man who has had anything to do with the 
 aboriginal races, admits that once they admit a claim on their allegiance, nothing 
 tempts them to a treacherous or disloyal act. ' The fidelity to their acknowledged 
 chief,' writes Captain Hunter, ' Is very remarkable ; and so strong is their 
 attachment, that in no situation or condition, however desperate, can they be 
 induced to betray him. If old and decrepid, they will carry him from place to 
 place, to save him from his enemies.' Their obedience to recognised authority is 
 absolute ; and Colonel Tod relates how the wife of an absent chieftain procured 
 for a British messenger safe-conduct and hospitality through the densest forests, by 
 giving him one of her husband's arrows as a token. The very officers who have 
 had to act most sharply against them, speak most strongly, and often not without 
 a noble regret and self-reproach, in their favour. ' It was not war,' Major Vincent 
 Jervis thus writes to me of the operations against the race with which I am best 
 acquainted, ' they did not understand yielding ; as long as their national drums beat, 
 the whole party would stand, and allow themselves to be shot down. . . . There was 
 not a Sepoy in the war who did not feel ashamed of himself. The prisoners were 
 for the most part wounded men. They upbraided us with fighting against them ; 
 they always said it was with the Bengalis they were at war, not with the English. 
 If a single Englishman had been sent to them who understood their wrongs, and 
 would have redressed them, they declared there would have been no war. It is 
 not true that they used poisoned arrows. They were the most truthful set of 
 men I ever met.' 
 
 But why heap up evidence of experts touching a race whose virtues, like their 
 defects, lie on the surface, and are noted in the diaries and itineraries of every 
 passer-by. Bishop Heber knew nothing of their language or their history ; but their 
 martial openness, their manliness, their skill as archers, and their habitual bearing 
 of arms, could not escape him ; and his imagination, hitting the political truth 
 
i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. n 
 
 of their position nearer than the scholarship of that day divined, carried him 
 back to Robin Hood and the forest communities who stood out against alien 
 encroachments in the oaken fastnesses of England. 
 
 The solution of the problem has ceased to be optional. The order and 
 security which the Queen's Government in India has now imperiously imposed, 
 have done away with those cruel checks upon population which seem to be 
 natural and necessary among rude nations. A lowland raid used to be an 
 event which came as punctually as the December harvest ; the whole tribe 
 lived at the expense of their neighbours during the cold weather, and the 
 loss of life incident to the annual holiday rendered their own scanty crops 
 sufficient for the survivors during the rest of the year. But all this has now 
 come to an end. Raids, although frequent, have ceased to be either a means 
 of regular profit, or a drain upon the . population steady enough to be depended 
 upon. The people, therefore, are increasing, while their former means of sub- 
 sistence have diminished ; and the question of some systematic scheme of dealing 
 with the aboriginal races has been removed, from the languid domain of specu- 
 lation, into the reddened arena in which political necessity and the promptings 
 of self-preservation do their pitiless work. 
 
 The remedies are two-fold. The first consists In supplying the place of 
 the old sources of subsistence by new ones ; the second, in enabling the people 
 themselves to augment the productiveness of such of the old means of sub- 
 sistence as remain to them. 
 
 I believe that, in attempting to apply the first remedy, the British are 
 yet destined to find a solution for the two great difficulties of their position in 
 India. Their first difficulty Is a military one. A vast native army has to be 
 maintained, and this army must be watched by another army with different 
 Interests and of a distinct race. The whole burden of supplying the surveillance 
 at present rests upon the population of the British islands, — a population scarcely 
 one-eighth of the Indian people, separated from India by the width of the globe, 
 and by the repugnance which a northern nation has to exile in the tropics ; 
 above all, a population who have so much assured comfort and so many 
 avenues to distinction in civil life, as ' to render military service distasteful. 
 The difficulty will increase to a yet unsuspected Intensity, as the effects of 
 co-operation among the lower classes, and of the present tendency of public 
 opinion to a more democratic tone of government, begin to tell. Englishmen 
 will never be wanting in the hour of England's need ; but the dull work of 
 holding India will continue, in spite of improvements in the condition of the 
 soldier, to render the army more and more unpopular with working men. From 
 this difficulty the aboriginal tribes of India hold out a means of relief. In 
 interest, in race, In religion, In habits of life, they are cut off from the Hindus and 
 
12 DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 
 
 Mussalmans by a gulf of whose breadth the people of Christian States can form no 
 idea ; and their ethnical repugnance is kept in a constant glow by the remembrance 
 of ancient wars and recent wrongs. Sooner would the panther of their native 
 forests herd with the fox of the lowlands, than the hill-men join with the Mussalmans 
 or Hindus. Of the valour of many of their tribes, and that unquestioning fidelity 
 and capacity for discipline which are the raw materials of soldiership, there is no 
 question. It is not needful to add other testimonies to the opinions of the 
 distinguished officers already cited ; for the part played by the aboriginal troops 
 during the mutiny is fresh in every Indian statesman's memory. The brilliant 
 actions of Cleveland's Hill Rangers, until enervated by disuse and want of discipline, 
 are matters of history. One of their races, the Bangis, long claimed the honour of 
 leading the forlorn hope in Mussalman sieges. As a military police, they are said 
 to have proved invaluable in Mirwar, Candeish, and wherever they have been 
 employed ; and any magistrate in Bengal would rather meet a jail outbreak with a 
 company of Mongolian-cheeked, squat Goorkas, than with a regiment of the 
 tallest and highest caste Sepoys. 
 
 It is not as if the experiment had not been tried. It has been tried again 
 and again, and has always succeeded ; but routine and our ignorance of the 
 aboriginal races have stood in the way of its systematic application. By extensively 
 employing these tribes as a military police and as soldiers, we should not only 
 relieve the English population of a burden greater than it can permanently bear, 
 but we should offer a livelihood to brave predatory peoples, whom the stern order 
 of British rule has deprived of an important source of subsistence. Their position 
 presents a striking analogy to that of the Scottish Highlanders at the Revolution. 
 A vast reservoir of warlike energy is constantly overflowing on a peaceful low- 
 land people ; energy which must find vent in some shape, and which has either 
 to be directed against the Government or utilized by it. During three hundred 
 years, says Hill Burton, the philosophical historian of Scotland, the Stuarts had 
 waged a war of extermination against the mountaineers in vain ; to the present 
 dynasty belongs the glory of converting bands of marauders into those disciplined 
 battalions which have reaped honour on every English battle-field during nearly 
 two centuries. The same problem has to be solved for the aboriginal races of 
 India. Their military capacity and energy are undisputed : the only question is, 
 whether this capacity and energy are to be to England a source of weakness, 
 or of strength. 
 
 The second difficulty of our position in India is a mercantile one. The 
 division of the population into labourers and employers has not taken the trenchant 
 and uncompromising form that it has in England. Sparsely inhabited frontier 
 provinces cannot be peopled from the lowland population, nor can public works of 
 great size be accomplished by them. The aboriginal races supply the want of a 
 
[.-POLITICAL.] DISSERTATION. 13 
 
 large labouring class among the Hindus. It is they who have constructed our 
 railways, and who are at this moment creating, in tea cultivation, a new source of 
 wealth to India, and a new field for English capital, whose magnitude it is 
 impossible even yet to foresee. 
 
 The other means of ameliorating the condition of the non-Aryan tribes, 
 consists in enabling them to augment the legitimate sources of subsistence which 
 remain to them ; in one word, to civilise them. For ages they have been unsettled 
 predatory peoples, despising peaceful industry among themselves, and living as 
 much as possible on the peaceful industry of their neighbours. The opportunities 
 for depredation have ceased, but the contempt for steady industry remains. I do 
 not permit myself even to glance at those noble and touching arguments which 
 humanity and the Christian faith suggest for the reclamation of lapsed races. But 
 looking upon the question as one of purely political utility, it seems that in the 
 aboriginal peoples it Is possible to find a counterpoise for the great Indian races 
 to whom British rule is at best alien sway. The Hindus regard our accession but as 
 a change of masters ; the Mussalmans hate us as conquerors, if not as tyrants. To 
 the aboriginal races alone can we appear in the light of friends and deliverers. 
 They have yet to start on the path of progress. It remains for us to decide 
 whether that path is to lead them to Hinduism, or to the purer faith and civilisation 
 which we represent. Even in their superstitions there is special ground for hope. 
 Anything like conversion per salium, or on a large scale, need not be looked for 
 among races possessed of religious systems so venerable and so nicely adjusted to 
 human instincts as Hinduism and Islam are to the Aryans and Mussalmans of 
 India. We cannot reasonably hope to be the detis ex machina to peoples with 
 such august supernal contrivances of their own. But the hill tribes are still in 
 want of everything. Before the conservative inertia of Hinduism, the life of the 
 most earnest Englishman is neither more nor less than a single wave that breaks 
 upon the shore. But from the " days of Cleveland downwards, every frontier of 
 India can show some tribe whose destiny has been changed by the energy of 
 individual British administrators. New crops, new villages, new habits, a new 
 mode of life, and bloody rites exchanged for harmless social gatherings, — these are 
 the memorials that any zealous Englishman may hope to leave of his labours 
 among a forest people ; and if we glance for a moment at that more solemn side 
 of the human destiny which Indian administrators wisely regard beyond their 
 province, there are instances of little aboriginal communities accepting Christianity 
 in a body, as a protection against witchcraft and those implacable demons whom 
 their fathers had for ages endeavoured to appease with human life. 
 
 Our present ignorance of their notions and necessities, and their corresponding 
 inability to understand our system of justice, lead to scenes which no Englishman 
 can contemplate without sorrow. I cite only one instance. The same dread of 
 
14 DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 
 
 witchcraft which in skilful hands makes converts of whole villages, leads to the 
 
 most appalling outrages. In 1857 the Ho tribes determined to purge themselves 
 
 of the witches and sorcerers who had grown numerous under our rule. ' The 
 
 destruction of human life that ensued,' says the official report, 'is too terrible to 
 
 contemplate. Whole families were put an end to. In some instances, the destroyers, 
 
 issuing forth in the dusk, and commencing with the denounced wizard and his 
 
 household, went from house to house, until before the morning dawn they had 
 
 succeeded in extinguishing, as they thought, the whole race.' For a massacre like 
 
 this, perpetrated in a settled British district, scarcely a hundred and fifty miles 
 
 from Calcutta, our system of justice could admit no palliative pleas ; but the 
 
 evident good faith and pitiable ignorance of the criminals almost unnerved the 
 
 officers of the law. ' The work of retribution was a sad task,' wrote Mr. Justice 
 
 Campbell eight years later, ' but it was rigorously carried out. It was melancholy 
 
 to have to condemn men who themselves artlessly detailed every incident of the 
 
 crime with which they were charged.' 
 
 But if our criminal system is sometimes harsh to the aboriginal races, our 
 law of property seems to many of them wholly inexplicable. It is the characteristic 
 of all their tribes, says General Briggs, to consider themselves the rightful owners 
 of their ancient territory. If forcibly driven out, no length of illegal dispossession 
 can bar their claim ; their title to plunder the ousters and to appropriate the crops 
 is a precious heirloom that often forms the sole inheritance which one generation 
 has to bequeath to its successor ; and this title the lowland borderers in many 
 instances practically acknowledged by the regular payment of blackmail. The 
 English, on the other hand, have been compelled to accept possession as a test 
 of proprietary right in India to a degree unknown to the long settled jurisprudence 
 of Europe. Obsolete claims of ownership have had but small effect in Indian 
 courts, even when eloquently set forth ; and the almost sole answer which the 
 aboriginal races have received to their inarticulate pleadings and forcible exertions 
 of fancied rights, consists in burning a few of their villages, or in placing them 
 under a ban, as the Angami Nagas were not many years ago, forbidding them 
 to trade or hold any humanizing intercourse with the plains. 
 
 If, instead of seeking refuge in the forests, these unhappy people submitted 
 to the other alternative, and became serfs of the Aryan invaders on the land once 
 their own, they nevertheless do not altogether lose their instinct of dominium in 
 the soil. Their Hindu superior may load them with burdens, but under a native 
 government he never ousts them from their hereditary fields. The only way he 
 can get rid of them is by heaping demands and oppressions on them, till they fly 
 to the mountains or forests ; and as native government keeps population so low 
 as to render cultivators things to be sought after rather than to be driven away, 
 the hardships of their position are theoretical rather than real, and one generation 
 
i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. 15 
 
 after another contentedly repeats the rhythmical proverb, ' Bhagra clhani Raj ho, 
 Bhumra dhani maj ho ;' ' The Rajah or Hindu landholder is the owner of his 
 share, but I am the owner of the soil.' The prosperity of British rule has trans- 
 posed the relation of labour to land. Instead of there being more land than can 
 be cultivated, there are more cultivators than can obtain land. Farms, therefore, 
 have become a subject of keen competition; and, practically, rents can be raised till 
 the poor hereditary tenant, with his rude notions of tillage, is forced off the soil. 
 The theoretical position of the semi-aboriginal or low-caste substratum of the 
 people threatened to become their actual one ; and it was not till agrarian agitation 
 had shaken the whole rural economy of Bengal, that a remedy was found in the 
 Land Law of 1859. The historian who calmly reviews that crisis, will acknowledge 
 that the opponents of the measure, with the English Press as their mouthpiece, had 
 the better of the argument, but that the measure itself was both salutary and just. 
 The truth is, that its necessity was visible to every administrator in rural Bengal ; 
 but our ignorance of the aboriginal substratum of the population rendered it 
 impossible to get at the fundamental causes. The aboriginal Celts of Western 
 Scotland afford an analogy to the indigenous element in the Indian population, 
 scarcely less striking in their territorial notions than in their military position ; and 
 I believe that the difficulty will only be solved by a compromise, not dissimilar 
 in spirit to that which, under William and Mary, clan usages and the undefined 
 patriarchal instinct, wrung from the iron feudalities of the Edinburgh College 
 of Justice. 
 
 It may seem that, in speaking so openly of a defect in the British admini- 
 stration, I have forgotten that this book will travel out of England. But the 
 English in India can well afford to have the whole truth told. Their difficulties 
 are the difficulties incident to progress and good government, and could never 
 have arisen under the domination of any other conquering race. I do not cite 
 the French in Algiers, or the Russians in Western Asia; for the exigencies of 
 military nations in such positions are necessarily more cruel than those of a 
 people to whom God has given the English instinct for colonial rule. Nor is 
 more than a passing allusion required to the Dutch in Java, who have lately 
 so far mistaken their interest and their honour, as to suppress a book by one of 
 their own servants, setting forth specific defects in their Eastern policy. But let 
 England's dealings with the Indian races be compared with the same country's 
 conduct towards the aborigines of the New World. I have beside me the whole 
 series of charters granted to the American colonists. I find there the well-set 
 phrases of habendum, tenendum, et reddendtim, elaborate mention of mines, forests, 
 fisheries, law martial, oaths, wills and domicile, ample securities for the liberties of 
 the settlers, and exhaustive saving-clauses of the claims of the English Crown ; 
 but I look in vain for any efficient' provision for the rights of the people of the 
 
i6 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 land. Our children in America have inherited our policy; and the two systems 
 have borne their fruits, in that sympathy with native feelings and sensitiveness in 
 the discharge of self-imposed duties, which form at once the difficulty and the 
 glory of the British administration of India, and in that tale of oppression and 
 blood recently told by the United States Mixed Commission, whose official 
 language no white man can read without a flush of personal remorse and shame. 
 
 The aboriginal peoples of India have only to be realized by the British 
 Government, to obtain justice at its hands. In a former work I endeavoured 
 strongly to individualize a single one of their tribes, and to place in bold relief its 
 ethnical peculiarities, its social necessities, and political capabilities for evil or for 
 good. In this book I have hastily and imperfectly brought together materials out 
 of which a comprehensive view of the whole may be constructed. Abler hands 
 than mine will build the edifice; for to the Indian official, scholarship and literary 
 graces are as nothing, excepting in so far as they enable him to understand and 
 to interpret the people. In the Grammar now in progress, I hope to supply a 
 more accurate basis upon which European philology may work ; but these vocabu- 
 laries, notwithstanding their defects, will henceforth enable every frontier administrator 
 to hold direct communication with the races committed to his charge. 
 
 If any such Englishman has lost heart amid the daily vexations of dealing 
 with a lapsed people, and takes the Sanskrit view of the incapability of the so- 
 called Serpent Races for better things, let him ponder for a moment on the destiny 
 that awaited the naked, tattooed savages whom Roman mariners found bur- 
 rowing in the earth, and offering human sacrifices to unknown demons, in Cornwall, 
 — a part of whose island, as Procopius had heard, was peopled with snakes, and 
 sent up poisoned vapours which no man could breathe and live. Or, resting his 
 eye upon a more historic time, let ,him remember how, not two hundred years 
 ago, Lauzun officially described Ireland to the French Court as a chaos such as 
 he had read of in the book of Genesis ; and the keen eyes of Desgrigny could 
 detect in the progenitors of the brilliant Irish nation, only a people hopelessly 
 stupid and brutal, — a race of a noble physical type indeed, but insensible alike to 
 praise or blame, and devoid of the common characteristics of human beings. ' Si 
 bestes qu'ils n'ont presque point d'humanit^. Rien ne les emeut. Les menaces 
 ne les estonnent point. L'interest meme ne les peut engager au travail.' 
 
 II.— LINGUISTIC. 
 
 But while the original purpose of these researches was a purely practical and 
 administrative one, I am not without a hope that they may yield some philoloo-ical 
 fruit. I am aware that, for scientific purposes, the roots of speech afford a less 
 
ii.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 17 
 
 trustworthy basis than its structure ; and I am but too painfully conscious of the 
 
 defects in the materials which I now submit. Some of these defects were inevitable : 
 
 for in any attempt to set forth the multitudinous and widely separated tongues of 
 
 India and High Asia, the labour must be done by many hands, and with many 
 
 different shades of competency ; nor can the editor at the centre hope, except in 
 
 a few languages, to have the means of checking the work. But many of the 
 
 blemishes of this book cannot plead this excuse, and are clue to my own want of 
 
 time and limited knowledge. A few months ago, I had no present expectation of 
 
 putting forth these vocabularies ; but on the eve of departing for the East, several 
 
 scholars urged the inexpediency of again subjecting my collection to the chances 
 
 of Indian service ; and the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland was 
 
 pleased to solicit Government to retain me in this country, to bring out the work. 
 
 Special leave of four months was allowed for moulding the materials into their 
 
 final shape, passing the book through the press, and returning to India. Had the 
 
 work been done more slowly, it would have been done better ; but the nature of 
 
 the materials forbade hopes of a high degree of perfection ; and, on the whole, it 
 
 seemed better to do it as best I could, than to risk the chance of never having 
 
 an opportunity of doing it all. 
 
 No available means have been left untried, however, to secure the maximum 
 
 of accuracy that my opportunities permitted ; and the zealous co-operation of the 
 
 scholars whose kindness I shall afterwards acknowledge in detail, has resulted in a 
 
 degree of completeness far beyond what I had dared to hope for. In the case of 
 
 a few of the languages, dictionaries have already been published In an Independent 
 
 form, and I have not always been able to test my lists by comparison with them. 
 
 But in many Instances several lists of the same language were In my possession, 
 
 and the vocabulary as now printed has been arrived at after careful examination of 
 
 them all. Some of the vocabularies. Indeed, represent several dialects of the same 
 
 tongue : thus the Gondl is pieced together from three separate lists ; the Sgau- 
 
 karen, as given by the Secretary to the Mission to Ava, includes the results arrived 
 
 at by four different collectors ; and although in the Tibetan I have not been able 
 
 to copy direct from the original source, the list as now given has been educed 
 
 from five of Mr. Hodgson's vocabularies, based, I believe, either wholly or chiefly 
 
 on the researches of De Koros. In two Instances, on the other hand, separate lists 
 
 represent either the same language, or varieties so close as to seem scarcely 
 
 deserving of separate places. The first Is the Toduva and Todu ; the second, 
 
 the Malabar. But after weighing Mr. Caldwell's statements In his Dravidian 
 
 Grammar, and the considerations which Dr. Rost kindly urged in correspondence, I 
 
 thought it better to give Malabar a distinct place, as the vocabulary which passes 
 
 under that name was collected at a period sufficiently remote to allow of dialectic 
 
 changes between it and the language as now spoken. In this view, it is proper 
 
 c 
 
1 8 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 to add, Professor Max Miiller coincided. Tlie process of construction has often 
 been very intricate. The Mantshu and Mongolian lists, for example, were begun 
 by myself, and carried half-way by Mr. Halkett of the Advocates' Library in Edin- 
 burgh, working on the materials afforded by Remusat, J. Schmidt, Klaproth, 
 Gabelentz, translations of the New Testament, and of the Ts'ing Wan K'e Mung 
 (Shanghai, 1855). A small part was added by a reader in the British Museum 
 employed for that purpose, and the whole was completed by the Rev. Charles 
 Malan of Broad Windsor. For the Japanese, again, I had to begin with only a 
 meagre vocabulary printed in Yokohama, and kindly forwarded to me by the Right 
 Hon. E. Hammond, of the Foreign Office. To this. Dr. Rost, the learned Secre- 
 tary to the Royal Asiatic Society, added a partial list, compiled, I believe, from 
 Mr. Medhurst's work (Batavia, 1853) ; and a complete vocabulary was ultimately 
 drawn up by Mr. Von Siebold, of Her Majesty's Embassy in Japan. These are 
 fair examples of how many of the lists were done ; and so complex a process of 
 construction no doubt opens a door for inconsistencies and errors which might have 
 been avoided had it been possible for me to do them all from my own knowledge. 
 
 It may well be conceived, moreover, that, in a dictionary which is the work 
 of so many hands, it was impossible to secure absolute uniformity in transliteration. 
 This difficulty had partly been got over, however, by Mr. Hodgson, from whose 
 lists my book is principally compiled ; and with scarcely an important exception, the 
 vowel sounds are regularly represented by the letters set forth in a subsequent 
 page. Short accents and accents over diphthongs are seldom used, saving in the 
 Chinese dialects, in which I had to yield to the necessities of the case, and in 
 the Finnic. To some it may seem that the Russian should have been also exempted 
 from the rule ; but to do this, the accents would have required a different meaning 
 in that language from what they have in all the rest, and no system could have 
 perfectly rendered Slavonic words in the English alphabet. It seemed best, there- 
 fore, to follow the analogy of transliterations from the Greek, and print the Russian 
 in plain capitals. This plan will be sufficiently clear to those who know the 
 language, and it was scarcely possible to render the Slavonic sounds intelligible to 
 those who do not. 
 
 The attempt to represent tones was, after mature consideration, given up. 
 Of the consonants little need be said, except that I have not ventured to improve 
 the apparent accuracy of the book by a manufactured uniformity. The temptation 
 to do so has presented itself on every page. The letters d, d, r, for example, and 
 particularly d and r, are very often used indiscriminately, some of the compilers 
 of the lists writing d generally as r, others putting d instead of d. The truth is, 
 that a European ear can only after careful training catch these Indian niceties of 
 sound. If, indeed, d be not in reality the proper r sound of the non-Aryan 
 races of India, and adopted into the Sanskrit alphabet from their speech, at any 
 
M.-uNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 19 
 
 rate I thought it better, even when it might be clear which was the correct form, 
 to print the words as they stood in my MS. lists, than, for the sake of appearances, 
 to venture on corrections from analogy. The same thing might be remarked 
 regarding the length of vowels. It seems unlikely enough that 'eye' should be 
 ta in Siamese and td in the three cognate languages, Ahom, Khamti, and Laos ; 
 or that 'father' should be appu in Ho (Kol), dpimg in Kol (Singhbhum), dbd in 
 Rajmahali, and abbd in Khond. It would have been easy enough to accent these 
 words in the same way, but it would also have been dangerous to do so. Thus, 
 seeing that the middle syllable in upiinia (four) is short in Bh\imij and Kol 
 (Singhbhum), it might seem safe to infer that up-Ania In Ho (Kol) is an inaccuracy 
 of the transliterator. But in this, as in many other words, a more extended view 
 discloses traces of a real lengthening and: shortening of vowels in cognate dialects. 
 Thus we have upnia, shortest of all, in Mundala ; upiinia, one stage longer, in Kol 
 and Bhumij ; jiptlnia, a second stage, in Ho ; and ponea, the last and longest vowel 
 form which u can assume, in Santali. An honest acknowledgment of uncertainty 
 seemed preferable to a fictitious uniformity ; and the only instances in which I 
 ventured upon corrections in languages of which I was ignorant, were such substi- 
 tutions as i for ee and u for 00, where I had ascertained that these were their 
 real sounds. Even the Annamitic ay (= e) has been left as I received it. Mani- 
 fest misprints or errors of the transcriber, however, have been set right or marked 
 with a point of interrogation. Thus, Mr.' Hodgson's Garo list gives for 'fifty' 
 rung-ning, which really means two-scores. I have changed it to the right word 
 rung-ning-chi, two-score-ten, like rung-ska-chi, thirty, i.e. one-score-ten. The reader 
 should remark that d, d, and r;t and t; n and n; /, /, and zh, are frequently 
 confounded. 
 
 This confusion I chiefly regret, because it has rendered it unsafe to complete 
 what I had hoped would form the most important feature of the book, to wit, a Table 
 of N on- Aryan Phonetic Changes. I expect, however, to be enabled to present 
 this in a trustworthy form in my Comparative Grammar, and to exhibit a series of 
 consonant changes of a novel character, and at the same time not less instructive 
 and reliable than those of Indo-Germanic speech. A very curious illustration is 
 to be found in the substitution of / for the sibilant and aspirate. The languages 
 of Southern India delight in a sound most correctly expressed by zh, but under- 
 stood to be / by the untutored ear, and represented in works of scholarship by /. 
 Thus Tamil is properly Tamizh ; Tuluva, Tuzhuva, etc. Now it appears that in 
 non-Aryan speech / sometimes takes the place of zh, sy, s, j, or other sibilant. 
 Thus, to go no further than the numeral four, si, Siamese, etc., becomes li in the 
 Karens ; zhi, Bhutani, becomes li in the Lepcha pha-li, pha being a mere prefix, 
 as pha-li, four — pha-gnon, five ; zhyi, Serpa, becomes le in Sdnwdr ; and in the 
 Kirdnti group the / completely supersedes the jr. Many instances might be cited, 
 
20 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 as loddi, Chentsu, for ' water,' for jhodi in Gayeti, or jodi in Khond ; or Idng-bo 
 in Serpa, etc., ' elephant' for siang, Chinese, probably through the Tibetan glang-chen 
 or lam-boche. No instance of this occurs in Indo-Germanic languages, but r some- 
 times represents s, and / and r are semi-vowels produced by the same physiological 
 process of articulation, and the one sometimes stands for the other in Aryan speech. 
 Thus the typical Indo-Germanic / becomes r in Zend. Until a Table of Phonetic 
 Changes is constructed, and its laws ascertained, researches into non-Aryan speech 
 will remain destitute of the exactitude of Indo-Germanic philology; and the present 
 discourse, avoiding anything like generalization, merely endeavours to throw out a 
 few hints which may assist the student of the Lexicon. 
 
 For I am much mistaken if the scholar's eye will not decipher upon many 
 of these pages a history far more ancient and not less legible than anything that 
 can be educed from the legends of Greece or Rome, or the rock -inscriptions of 
 India. Chinese has hitherto been looked upon as a language standing by itself, 
 devoid of ethnical kindred or linguistic alliances. But in spite of its inexactitudes, 
 this book proves that China has given its speech not merely to the great islands 
 of the Southern Ocean, but to the whole Eastern Peninsula, to Siam, Tenasserim, 
 Burmah, in a less degree to Central Asia, to many of the Himalayan tribes, and 
 to some of the pre- Aryan peoples of the interior of India. Take in the first case 
 the two numerals in which accidental resemblances are least likely to occur. ' Three' 
 in Chinese is san (Nankin) or sdm (Canton) : a constantly changes into u in 
 non-Aryan speech, in the same way as % sometimes takes the place of the Indo- 
 Germanic a in Gothic, Old High German, Slavonic, and Lithuanian, and of d in 
 Italian, while its lengthened form o appears in place of the typical a or ^ in every 
 one of the Aryan families excepting Sanskrit and Zend. Bearing this in mind, let 
 the reader turn to page 35, and he will find that the Chinese san or sdm has 
 furnished the third numeral not only to Japan, Siam, Tenasserim, Burmah, Eastern 
 and Northern Bengal, Nepal, the Himalayan tribes, and Tibet, but that it also 
 seems to appear in the Mantshu sfanga (respecting which I am doubtful whether 
 it should not be ssatiga) and ilan (/ replacing s in the latter word), in the thtmga 
 of the tribes of the Yenisei (cf Burman, thong), the ssmtm of the Dalai-Lama 
 Kalmuks, and even in the sam-i of the Georgian and the han-ho {k=^s) of the 
 mountaineers of the Caucasus. Let him then pass to p. 41, and remembering that 
 g constantly represents k, and in its turn is softened to j and y, he will discover 
 the Chinese kijc, chin, or kazc running through the whole of the non-Aryan 
 languages of Japan, the Eastern Peninsula, Tibet, the Himalayas, and Northern 
 and Eastern Bengal. The same thing may be said of ' I,' p. 48, from which it 
 would seem that the Javanese also, and indeed the whole Malay race, obtained 
 their first pronoun from the Chinese. {Wo=ngo ; ngo'=go ; go=ku, leaning on d.) 
 
 A very few examples from the nouns will suffice. Ming, the Chinese for ' name,' 
 
ii.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 21 
 
 p. 146, appears to have furnished the first step in social pohty, to wit, the act of 
 distinguishing individuals and objects by distinctive designations, to the Tibetan and 
 Himalayan groups, to the Siamese, the Burmese, the Nepalese, the Bhutanese, the 
 Nagas of Eastern Bengal, the Dhimals, Bodos, and Garo hill-men, who have clung 
 to their original word thousands of years after being surrounded by Aryan synonyms. 
 The same may be said of the term for that much higher stage of civil organiza- 
 tion represented by the village — the highest, indeed, which the non-Aryans in India 
 seem ever to have attained. Thus, p. 163, Chinese, hsiang, hiang, kiun-sid, heong ; 
 Tibetan, thong; Nepal, Kiranti, teng ; Tablung and Mithan Ndgd, tying and ting ; 
 Pwo-karen, twan ; Bhutan! and Lepcha, kyong ; Fahri, gon ; Kuswar, gdojt ; Garo, song ; 
 Miri, long or lilng in du-long and du-liing ; Vayu, lung in mu-lung. Amid many 
 variations, the original word every now and again comes in divested of phonetic change. 
 Thus, Nankin, hiang ; Bhramu, hdng in hang-dung ; and with the slight and common 
 change of g for h, the same word supplies tlie universal term by which the 
 low-caste semi-aboriginal population of Southern Bengal speak of their homesteads, 
 to wit, gdng or gdong. If these two words existed by themselves, they might be 
 hypothetically derived from the Sanskrit grdma ; but when viewed as natural links 
 in a long chain, their origin ceases to be a matter of doubt, and points unmistake- 
 ably to a land far to the north-east of the Himalayas. To take two names for 
 the commonest of natural objects. 'Water' in Chinese, p. 164, is shut; in Tibetan, 
 chhlH ; in the Nepalese dialects, chhii, kyil, kH, chUwd, chdwd, dwd, wd ; in Bhutani, 
 chha ; in Dhimal, cM ; in Garo, chdka ; in Deoria Chutia, /z; in the Nagas, zii, tsU, 
 til; in Shou, Kdmi, etc., t4i ; in Bodo and Kachdri, dot; in the Karens and 
 Toung-thu, hti, thi, or ti. H is frequently represented by m: as, for example, 
 p. 169, 'black' — Chinese, hak ; Newdr, haku ; Di'mii, mak-c/mpu ; Bdldli, mak-thropa, 
 etc. Bearing this in mind, and turning to p. 123, the word for 'fire' will be found 
 running through the whole of the languages of High Asia, Northern Bengal, and the 
 Eastern Peninsula, down to the Archipelago, bare of accidental wrappings, and 
 with a distinctness not to be hoped for in Aryan speech. Thus : Chinese, Amoy, 
 he; Japanese, hi; then passing through several aspirated stages^ — such as Thdksya, 
 hme ; Magar, mhe — into me or mi, it appears without further change in every group. 
 The proofs, indeed, are wonderfully complete. Thus, as the he of the Amoy 
 dialect becomes me in India, so the Shanghai hu reproduces itself in mu, 
 Thulungya. Again we find the h of four of the Chinese dialects giving place to 
 the soft labial / in the fifth — Canton, fo — which in its turn reproduces itself in the 
 Siamese, Ahom, Khdmti, and Laos. There are also indications of this soft labial 
 hardening into a mediate one, hp : thus, Siamese, etc., fai; Shdn, hpihn : and 
 ultimately, as it would appear, standing out the sharp, clear labial p, leaning on the 
 customary vowel prefix, in the Malay api. 
 
 Passing to the domestic animals, it would almost seem as if roots could be 
 
22 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 detected which are common to both the Aryan and non-Aryan languages of mankind. 
 Thus, p. 113, the strong Aryan root for 'cow' is _^y, which appears not less strongly 
 in the Indian than in the Germanic branches of Aryan speech. The strong non- 
 Aryan root appears in the Canton ngmi,^ which becomes giZ in the Amoy ; gno 
 in Bhutani, Khdmti, Laos, etc. ; gnd in the Manyak gnd-zi ; gau in the Karen 
 gau-pemo, etc.; gou in the Kol family; gwah in Thochu ; ga in the Thdru ga-ye ; 
 gyai in Dumi ; gai in the Himalayan dialects, the tongues of Central India, and in 
 the universal low-caste patois of Bengal. Again, by a common phonetic process, 
 g softens in h — as gii, Amoy ; hu, Ahom : h in its turn hardens into ph — as phou, 
 Toungh-thu ; phd, Tibetan, in the spoken dialect phd-chuk. Ph becomes b, as in 
 written Tibetan, bd ; Takpa, bah ; Chourdsya, bia ; Sdnwar, Dumi, etc., bi. B by 
 a regular rule becomes ./, as in Rodong, pi, piu, pa ; Dhimal, pid ; and this form 
 appears through all the sub- Himalayan dialects. It may be an accident that the 
 semi-aboriginal husbandmen of Beerbhoom call their oxen beil, and that the 
 Bask mountaineers of the Pyramees — who frequently drop the letter /, as in belarri 
 or bearri, ear— designate a cow, bei ; but there can be no accident in the circum- 
 stance that the Aryan and the non-Aryan root for ' cow ' is so similar, that it 
 requires the utmost care in pronouncing whether the primitive races of India 
 obtained their word gai from a Sanskrit or a Chinese source. A similar difficulty 
 exists in deciding whether these peoples have taken their term for ' dog,' p. 116, 
 from the Chinese katt (Shanghai, fiett; Sdk, k-^ or from the Sanskrit kukkura ; 
 and without laying any stress on the similarity of the Arabic kelb with the sub- 
 Himalayan khleb, kheb, etc., which like our own whelp may be accidental, I can 
 safely affirm that the pages of this book point to primeval roots common to both 
 Aryan and non-Aryan speech, in a far more definite manner than the similar indica- 
 tions by which scholars have sought to reduce the Semitic and Indo-Germanic 
 families to a cognate source. It is right to add — and the phenomenon may pass 
 for what it is worth — that not only the common substitutions, but the most curious 
 and least accurately ascertained of the Aryan phonetic changes, are reproduced in 
 the speech of the Himalayan and Indian aborigines ; and one of the most impor- 
 tant features of my Table of N on- Aryan Consonant Displacements will be an 
 examination of the interchanges of g, h, ph, f, strangely analogous to the Digamma 
 discussions which have gathered round the glosses of Hesychius, 
 
 It is unnecessary to multiply analogies which this book enables every student 
 to find out for himself The Indian aborigines and the Chinese obtained from a 
 common source not only their terms for common natural objects, and for the civil 
 institutions of a primitive race, but also a part of the nomenclature of tillage, and 
 even such terms of civilisation as 'road.' Thus, p. 166, the Chinese for 'yam' is 
 ia-shtt, literally ta, great, and shi, tuber. Shi becomes chii in the Shanghai dialect, 
 and appears as tsti- in Japanese; chti in Tengsa Ndga; cho in Denwar; 20 in Horpa ; 
 
H.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 23 
 
 so, sti, or sd throughout the whole Nepal ; /lo, Ad, /cM, klid, in North-Eastern Bengal, 
 and down the frontier through all Burmah and Siam to the extremity of the 
 Peninsula. Again, the Horpa zo is directly represented by do and tho of the 
 cognate Tibetan, as sd and hd of the dialects on the south of the Himalayas are 
 by the Bodo thd, and it seems questionable whether the non-Aryan replacement of 
 the sibilant by / does not give us the word used in modern Sanskrit — dlu. Thus 
 compare the Tengsa Nig4 chu, Nowgong Nfig4 ski, with the Sibsigar Miri d-lie, 
 the Kocch, etc. d-lu (the /, appearing bare of its prefix in the Dhimdl ling, as alu, 
 Kdmi and Kdmi, for ' head,' appears in Khyeng and Mru in Its plain form Iti). 
 A similar connection, allowing for ascertained phonetic changes, between the Chinese 
 and the non- Aryan languages of India can. be established In the single tree given 
 in my lists, to wit the plantain, p. 149; and the typical non- Aryan root for 'road' 
 has withstood, during thousands of years, a vast phalanx of Sanskrit synonyms 
 among the whole aboriginal races of High Asia, Bengal, and the Eastern Peninsula. 
 This is not the place to investigate the relations of individual groups and 
 dialects, but I cannot pass from the subject without referring to the materials which 
 exist for comparing Mongolian and Mantshu with the Chinese and the Indian 
 dialects. I do not refer to isolated phenomena, like the Sokpa colony of pure 
 Mongols, but to distinct series of analogies, such as — Mongolian, ^/^i^r, hand, p. ,129; 
 Sokpa, kar ; Diiml, khar or khur ; Dhimil, ' Mur ; or Mongolian, g/zal, fire, p. 123; 
 Sokpa, kwal; Gbxo, wal. In words like ;' father' the one root is probably common 
 to all mankind, but the analogy in the case of the Mongolian and Indian dialects 
 is peculiarly close. Thus, Mongolian, adu ; Newar, adii ; Thdksya, Giirung, 
 Lepcha, ado; Chourdsya, Bdhlngya, Angdmi Ndg4, Kol, etc., apo or apa ; and 
 ada or apa in as many others. Such instances as V mmc, puu, 'tree,' p. 162, Magyar 
 pa, Mongolian (Ostcack) pu, Deoria Chutia popon (a reduplicative), SIngpho pkun, 
 Mfthdn NdgA and Garo pan, Sdk p4ng-pang (a reduplicative), Bodo phdng, etc., serve 
 to point out a path to generalizations which, in the absence of a comparative 
 grammar, it would be unsafe to enter upon. But indications of analogy in structure 
 are not wanting, even in the most distant branches of non-Aryan speech. Thus 
 the Finnic particle of negation is E-, the inseparable prefix which appears in en, ei, 
 e-pa, etc., and which probably furnishes the basis of the Bask ez. It would 
 scarcely deserve notice that some of the non- Aryan races in India employ a 
 similar particle — e.d. Lohorong, S; Santali, e-to — were it not for a resemblance 
 between the inflections of the negative verb in the first and third persons. Thus, 
 Finnic, ist person, e-n ; 2d, e-t ; 3d, e-i: Santali, e-to-in, or e-to-ing ; 2d, e-to-m ; 
 3d, e-to-i. It is beyond the scope of the present work to examine whether this 
 resemblance be apparent or real. 
 
 Passing from the exterior relationships of the non-Aryan peoples of India 
 to their internal polity, I propose to confine my attention to a single group 
 
24 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 of the non-Aryan tribes, — the group, that is, of which I can speak from intimate 
 personal knowledge. It has been customary to represent researches into the 
 non-Aryan peoples as necessarily devoid of comprehensive political results, from 
 the isolation in which each race dwells, and its incapability of organization for 
 imperial purposes. But unless I have greatly deceived myself, proofs can be 
 brought forward to show that these now scattered and disjected fragments once 
 formed a great ethnical entity, such as might have produced in prehistoric times a 
 civilisation, a history, and a faith of its own. 
 
 Many of the non-Aryan peoples of India take their tribal designations from 
 the word for 'man' in their respective dialects. Thus the Rajmahalis call themselves 
 the Malis, and the very general term mi (man) supplies the basis of the race-name 
 to not less than forty ascertained tribes. It generally appears a compound ; mi fur- 
 nishing the generic idea of homo, and a differentia being obtained from some 
 prefixed and suffixed syllable. Thus, to quote only races whose vocabularies will 
 be found in the Lexicon, the Dii-mi, K4-mi, Kii-mi, Ang4-mi Ndg4, MI-th4n Nigd, 
 and if we recognise the non-Aryan phonetic displacements of m and / and / and r, 
 the list could be indefinitely increased. Indications of such displacements appear 
 even from the single word under examination — thus, p. 139, Sak ht, Toung mrii., 
 Miirmi 7ni, Thaksya mli ; and the root li affords the generic term homo to a whole 
 series of tribal names. Thus, B4ld-li, Ma-li, Dhimd-li, Santd-li, Bang^-li, etc., 
 meaning the Bila people, the Dhim^ people, the Bang4 people, and so forth. 
 The specific term for ' man' among the section of the aborigines to which I propose 
 to confine my attention is ha or ho, lengthening through the Visaraga into hah, 
 has, had {har), hod {Jior). In Santali I have given all the forms as they co- 
 exist at the present day. This word ho seems, like other roots in the languages 
 of Central India, to have come from a common origin from the khon, khim, kun, 
 of Siam, and the ht. of Arrakan. Certain it is that kh and k constantly stand in 
 these languages for h ; and indeed the process is visible in a single language, and 
 in the very word under discussion. Thus, the same root furnishes to Santali had 
 or hod, man, and koda, a young man ; as in Chinese, ' weariness' in Nankin is 
 Uau-Iioh; in Pekin, k'atc-ho, etc. We have therefore a root represented by ho 
 and ko ; the ho series shortening into hu or ha, and the ko series into ku or ka. 
 This root furnishes the specific word for 'man' to the Kol tribes of Central India. 
 We have also a generic root li, homo, which, as we have seen, is often added to 
 specific terms for man, to form names of aboriginal races. 
 
 Ho, indeed, forms one of the oldest and most widely spread roots for man. 
 Mrichhakati gives a reduplicative form of \t—go-ho — among the words borrowed by 
 the Apabhransa, or vernacular Sanskrit, from the aboriginal races ; a form, by the 
 way, curiously analogous to that still in use among the Kiirs near Ellichpore, to 
 wit, ho-ko. I have mentioned that, like other words in the languages of Central 
 
ii.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 25 
 
 India, it seems to have come originally from the other side of the Bay of 
 Bengal, where it appears in the Siamese, Laos, etc., as kJion or kun, the same 
 form that it takes in such tribal names as Khond, etc., in India. The Siamese 
 khon, in its turn, appears to be the Chinese jan or yan, probably through an inter- 
 mediate form in which the j sunk into an h. The root li is equally widely ' 
 diffused, and appears in most of the aboriginal languages which I have examined. 
 For example, in Santali, it furnishes the nomenclature connected with the propaga- 
 tion of our species, such as lai, Idih, etc., and appears in li-dih, a child; le-daka or 
 ladko, children; khi-li { = ho-li), a generation of men; and the hitherto unexplained 
 terms, cke-la, che-li (^ = khi-li, ■=ho-li), for son and daughter, universal among the 
 semi-aboriginal castes of Lower Bengal. 
 
 I propose very briefly to inquire what evidence can be found in different parts 
 of India of a primitive race which formed its tribal name from the specific root ho, 
 with or without the generic affix li. The Ho tribe is now a comparatively small 
 one, on the west of Lower Bengal ; but one of the commonest non-Aryan changes 
 of h is into g, k, or kh, as I have already shown, and as is visible in the redupli- 
 cative form of ho already cited, to wit, the Apabhransa go-ho, and the ho-ko of the 
 tribes near Ellichpore. It must be remembered, too, that the vowel regularly 
 represents u or a: thus, Santali, had, man. Ho, hoda, or horo ; Santali, dam, Bengali, 
 dom, a corpse-bearer ; Santali, paid, the stomach ; poled, a ' fat-belly.' Again, Kami 
 and Kumi, adjacent tribes in the Eastern Peninsula, dhdgi or bhugi, Santali for 
 ' good ;' Uriya, Orissa ; Santal, Sonthal, etc. Confining our attention to the ko form, 
 we find tribal names based upon this root with the generic affix li, not only in 
 every part of India, but at all periods of Indian history. Both the Mahabharata 
 and the Vishnu Purana speak of Ko-li tribes in connection with Mi-kalas (c£ the 
 aboriginal root mi, man), Dravidas (cf the Dravidian aborigines of Southern India 
 at the present day), Kirdtas (aboriginal tribes still in Nepal), and other of the 
 non-Aryan races existing in modern India. The Sanskrit writers account for them 
 as outcasts of the military clan, the Kshattriyas ; but in the same breath the 
 Aitareya Brahmana speaks of them as Dasyus, or aborigines ; and the scientific 
 value of their ethnical derivations may be gauged from such sentences as the 
 following, copied from the same source: 'Most of the Dasyus are sprung from 
 Visvamitra.' The Ko-lis generally appear in ancient literature with that epithet 
 attached to them which the Sanskrit race delighted to apply to the aborigines, 
 from the Nagas of North-Eastern Bengal through all India to the indigenous 
 castes of Ceylon, to wit, the Koli-sarpas, Serpent-kols, or Snake-races. 
 
 Sanskrit literature refers to other sections of the Kol race under such names 
 as Chol-as, Kul-indas, etc. ; and passing to medieeval times, we find in the Arabic 
 geographers and historians evidence that the Kols were co-extensive with the whole 
 explored portion of India. Kulam, 'a large city of India,' stands first in the list 
 
 D 
 
26 DiSSERTATIOl^. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 of towns described in the extracts from Al Kazwini. The inhabitants, we are told, 
 ate carrion, as the aborigines did in Sanskrit times and do in bur own ; they were as 
 destitute of temples or visible idols as the Veda itself describes them; theit latld 
 was rich in teak ; their only articles of commerce were the spontaneous produce 
 of the forest, with the characteristic black pottery which still forms their sole 
 manufacture ; and, most curious of all, they chose their king, according to the 
 confused Arabian geography, from China, which no doubt means from among the 
 pure aboriginal tribes on the Indo-Chinese frontier. But I must refrain from 
 amplifications of this sort, and confine myself to a mere list of names taken at 
 random from the Arabian geographers of the tenth to the twelfth centuries. We 
 have in or near Sind, according to Ibn Khurdabda, the province of Kuli, the 
 district and town of Kol, and {r=^l) Kura at the mouth of the Kolaroon 
 (Coleroon), in Southern India. Al Istakhri speaks of Kalwi or Kallari ; Al Idrisi 
 of Kulam-mali, an island near Sind, of Kuli on the Shore, of Kalari in the 
 interior, and then of a district called Kulam, far down on the coast, and north of 
 Malabar. In the Asiatic Society's Jotirnal the ancient name for India is stated 
 to have been Kolaria, and turning to the modern map of India, we find indications 
 of the race in every province from Burmah to Malabar : in the Kols of Central India; 
 Kolas of Katwar ; the Kolis, inferior husbahdmen and a landless clan of Gujarat ; the 
 Kolis, obscurely mentioned ias helot cultivators on the Simla range ; the Kolitas of 
 Northern Bengal and Assam ; the Kolami of Central India, classed with the Nai- 
 kude, etc., in my vocabularies ; the Kalars, a robber caste in the Tamil country ; 
 the Kalars of Tinevelly : in the Kolis of Bombay ; in the names of the Kolarun 
 river in Southern India, of the Koel river, from the Chota Nagpore watershed, 
 of the Culinga and Koladyn rivers, and of many other streams ; in Kulna, a 
 district in Bengal ; Kulpac, in the Nizam's dominions ; Kulalpur, in the Panjab ; 
 Kulan and Kola Fort, in the distant north-west ; in Kulbunga, town and district, 
 near the Bombay Presidency, within, I believe, the territory of the Nizam ; and, to 
 be brief, in such names as the following, scattered over the whole length and 
 breadth of India,— names which the reader may identify in a moment by referring to 
 Dr. Keith Johnston's index to his Map from the Royal Atlas. Kuldah, Kulkeri, 
 Kulianpur in three separate districts, Kullavakurti, Kullean, Kuller-kaher, Kulu 
 district, Kullum, Kullung River, KuUunji, several Kullurs, Kulpani, Kulpi, Kulra, 
 Kulsi, Kolachi, Kolapur town and state, the three Kolars, Kolaspur, Kolbarea, 
 Koli, Kollkod (Calicut), Cola-Bira, Colair, Colgong, Collum (Kayan-kulam), Colur, 
 and Colombo in Ceylon. I would go further, and, if time permitted, could philo- 
 logically prove the connection of the above with hundreds of other names and 
 places in regular series. P''or example, writing cl and r indifferently as r, and 
 ringing the changes upon the vowels «, ti, and o, the first series would present the 
 h unchanged, as in Santali, Har, man : The Haris, semi-aboriginal tribes of Bengal; 
 
u.-LiNGuisTip.] DISSERTATION. 27 
 
 Halgas, semi-aboriginal soldiers in the Maratta ^rmies ; the Hunas of the Vishnu 
 Purana; tl^e Hos of Western Bei^gal and Ho-lar-kas, by which term the Santals 
 call the Kols. In the second series h becomes k or kit. The Khar-wars of the 
 hill-country of Mirzapore ; the island of Khar-ak, according to Ibn Khurdabda, near 
 Sindh, and many similar names of places ; the Khas, the dominant race in Nepal, 
 outcast military tribes, according to Manu ; the Karans, a race of Eastern India, 
 described by Rashidu-d Djn as ' barbarians, i.e. people whose ea.rs hang down to 
 their shoulders,' and the Karens of Siam at the present day, two of whose dialects 
 I give; the Kurmis, semi-aboriginal cultivators to the south of the Rajputs and 
 Jats ; the Kurmis of Manbhum ; the Kururpbas, or aboriginal husbandmen of S. 
 Kanara; the Kukis of South-Eastern .J3engal, and the Kumis of the Burman 
 frontier; the Kurgs of the south-west coast of India; Korea in Chota-Nagpore ; 
 the Koralis, Koras, Kh9nds, etc. In the third series h becomes gh or g, as Garrow, 
 Gurka, Gour, the aboriginal capital of Bengal ; Gwari, the capital of Nuddea; Gouri, 
 wife of the aboriginal god Siva (cf Kali) ; Goa, in Southern India ; Gondwana, in 
 Central India; Gol-parah (literally Kol-hamlet), on the west of Bengal, etc. In the 
 fourth series h becomes s, as in Santal, Savara Saka, also one of the outcast military 
 tribes, according to Manu ; Sandalia, the semi-aboriginal low-castes, as written by Ibn 
 Khurdabda, or Sandaliya, as Al Idrisi spells it ; the Sudras of Brahminical literature ; 
 the Sauras, now living with the Oraons ; the Sontals, as the word Santal is in some 
 places pronounced ; the Saundikas, whorn the Mahabharata classes with Koli-sarpas 
 and Dravidas. In a fifth series the h is dropped, as in Uriya, or Uria, and the 
 district Uri-har, according to Rashidu-d Din ; the Uras-ir of Ibn Khurdabda, a 
 forest territory abounding in elephants and buffaloes ; Orissa ; the Odras, an outcast 
 military tribe mentioned in Manu ; and the Oraons or Odaons of the Bengal frontier, 
 whose vocabulary I give. 
 
 The pressing necessities of time and space compel me to draw this Disserta- 
 tion to a close, and forbid me to bring forward my proofs of the above series. 
 But I cannot refrain from selecting the one which will probably be most questioned, 
 and following it out step by step. Many will doubt whether there can be more 
 than a fanciful connection between Ho and Kir-anti, and the proofs to be submitted 
 in this instance form a fair specimen of the general evidence. I write d and r 
 indifferently as r, the distinction seldom being uniformly observed by English 
 collectors of aboriginal words, on whose labours my work is based. The root 
 har^ man, occurs in Santali as an affix to the names of the seven clans : thus, 
 Nijkasda-har, the Nijkasda clan, etc. ; and often with the h hardened into kh, as 
 Khar-oar or Kher-oar, the name by which the Santals called themselves in ancient 
 times. The first form, Khar-oar, is identical with the Khar-wars, a once nume- 
 rous race of aborigines living in the distant hill-country of Mirzapore and Rewa 
 to the borders of Benares and Bahar ; with the Kor-wahs, one of the wildest of 
 
28 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 
 
 the Kol tribes ; and it furnishes more than a hundred names of places or peoples 
 scattered over India, such as Khar-bu, Khar-dam, the Kar-ens of Burmah, Kar-or 
 or Khar-ur, Kar-u and Kar-i rivers, Kar-natik, Kari-kal, etc. In the other form, 
 Kher-oar, the e is represented by the ordinary changes i or ai, and produces a 
 whole list of its own. Thus the Kher-iahs of Nagpore, who both by their 
 name and their customs are unmistakeably declared an offshoot of the Santal or 
 Ho race. One of the few things we know about them is that they worship their 
 river, the Koel, with rites similar to those with which the Santals adore the 
 Damudah. The root kher or ker — for English ethnologists transliterate it both 
 ways — appears also in the following names, which may be at once identified from 
 Dr. Keith Johnston's Index : Khera, Kherh district, Kherhi, the two Kheris, 
 Khersiong, Khirki, Kirbassa, Kira, Kiria, Kirinde, Kirpay, Kirtinassa river, the 
 three Khairs and Kheirs, Kheira-garh, and so forth. It also appears in the name 
 of the great ethnical group of the sub-Himalaya, the Kir-antis or Kir-atas, a war- 
 like aboriginal tribe well known to ancient Sanskrit writers ; classed by both Manu 
 and the Mahabharata as outcast military peoples, along with the Khasas, Chinas, 
 Dravidas, and other recognised non-Aryan races ; and occupying at this day the 
 exact position assigned to them by the Vishnu Purana, to wit, 'the eastern border 
 of Bharatavarsha.' I would go a step further, and prove that the root chi, as in 
 Chinas, is only another form of khi or ki, probably through k and s, and the sub- 
 stitution is borne out by a whole list of proper names and of non-Aryan words. 
 For example, Chinese, Pekin, hsieh, blood, p. 108 ; the whole Kiranti group, hi; 
 Gyami, sye ; Thulungya, si-si (a reduplicative) ; Garo, chi ; Bhramu, chi-wi. Choli 
 and similar words constantly appear as other forms for Koli ; and indeed the very 
 name Kir-bassa, as it is pronounced on the west of the Nepal Mala-bhumi at the 
 foot of the Himalayas, is pronounced and spelt in official documents as Chyebassa 
 in the west of the other Mala-bhumi (now Bishenpore), on the distant south-western 
 frontier of Lower Bengal, The Chinas not only take their name from the same 
 wide-spread root that has furnished race-names to the aboriginal tribes of all India 
 north of the Vindhya range, but they are expressly classed with still existing 
 aboriginal tribes in Manu ; and their position can be inferred from Sanskrit authors 
 to be exactly where the Chinese frontier would be at that time, viz. in the extreme 
 east, but further into India than at present. This ancient connection of the Chinas 
 with the Indian aboriginal races is borne out by the mediaeval geographer Al 
 Kazwini, who says that the people of Kulam — whose name, habits, and surroundings, 
 as we have seen, mark them unmistakeably as aborigines — ' when their king dies, 
 choose another from China;' and I have written this book in vain, if it does not 
 concentrate these scattered indications into positive proof that the aboriginal races 
 of the Eastern Peninsula, Burmah, and India north of the Vindhya range, derived 
 their speech from a source common to themselves and the Chinese. 
 
ii.-LiNGuisTic. DISSERTATION. 29 
 
 I turn for a moment from the aboriginal tribes who have maintained their 
 ethnical identity in the forests and mountains of India, to those who were crushed 
 before the Aryan advance, and have merged as serfs into the Hindu population. 
 These unfortunate people appear chiefly under two names in post-Vedic Sanskrit 
 literature — Sudras and Chandalas. Their personal appearance, habits, and occu- 
 pations, as detailed in ancient writers, mark them as non-Aryan helots ; the 
 Sanskrit scheme of society, as Roth well observes, was complete without them ; 
 and while the other three natural Aryan castes clearly derive their names from 
 Aryan roots, all attempt to establish a Sanskrit origin for the nomenclature, of the 
 fourth or non-Aryan servile caste have failed. Professor Wilson, following the 
 Puranic etymologist, deduces the word s'ildra from s'uch, grieve, and dru, run, — a 
 derivation with regard to which Dr. J. Muir writes to me : ' If we are to accept 
 this, we may accept anything,' The truth is, that both S'ddra and Chanddla are 
 based upon phonetic modifications of the great aboriginal root had, which appears 
 in Ho, Kol, Santal, Sontal, etc. Chdnddla becomes, in the mediaeval geographers, 
 Sanddlia (Ibn Khurdabda), or Sandaliya (Al Idrisi), as the Salsas of Rashidu-d Din 
 is the Sanskrit Chelas, a town upon the Jndus. This word Sanddlia is arrived 
 at by the same process as the race-name Santdli, and consists not merely of 
 the specific root had {h = s), vir, but also of the generic root, //, homo. The insertion 
 of a nasal and dental is a very common feature in tribal designations formed from 
 the root had: thus the Khonds and Gondis of Central India, whose languages I 
 give ; the Kalindas and Saundikas of the Mahabharata, which appear as outcast 
 military tribes in lists of aboriginal races, such as the Koli-sarpas, Kiratas, Chinas, 
 Dravidas ; and in Chandala, Saundika, Khond, Gond, etc., the dotted or aboriginal 
 d is uniformly used. 
 
 The enslaved Chandals, therefore, were of the same stock, and formed their 
 name from the same universal root, as the aboriginal races of Northern India at 
 the present day. If time permitted, it would be equally easy to follow the process 
 by which Sudra — the Sudaria of the Arabic geographers — and many similar names 
 in Sanskrit literature are evolved from the same base. The fact is, that the 
 whole nomenclature of the helot castes among the mixed Hindus, both in ancient 
 and modern times, is derived from the aborigines. Thus the Ma-lis, gardeners 
 and landless husbandmen in the Hindu community, take their name from the tribai 
 term for man, male, p. 1-39 ; from which many hill and forest peoples of Northern 
 and Central India, possibly also the whole Malay race of the Archipelago, arc 
 called, and the Malavas (cf. Modern Malwa), in the Vishnu Purana. The Doms, 
 or corpse-bearers of the Hinduized lowlands, are the Dams of the Santal hills, 
 and the Dumis, still a well-defined tribe in sub-Himalayan Nepal. The Kharwaj' 
 helots of Gyah, etc., now perfectly Hinduized, had scarce a century ago a separate 
 language of their own, as the Khar-wars of the Mirzapur highlands, the Kher- 
 
30 DISSERTATION. [m.—GENERAi;, conclusions. 
 
 oars or ancient Santals, and the wild ' mysterious ' Kher-iahs of Central India, still 
 have. The same may be said of the Chura serfs of the Punjab, the direct 
 descendants of the Chauras or military outcasts of the Mahabharata ; of the 
 Coolies (Kulis), hewers of wood and drawers of water through the length and 
 breadth of India ; and Hindu speech has enriched itself with a whole vocabulary 
 of abuse from the names of these races. Take, as a single example, the Hadis, 
 a helot caste spread over all Bengal, and called by the bare aboriginal word 
 for man, had, and who have supplied such terms as kadd, base, low-born ; hadduk, 
 a sweeper; kunda, hog, blockhead, imp; hidukka, a drunken sot, etc. One word 
 in this series tells a peculiarly sad tale of its own. Hadi, in low Bengali Hadi- 
 kath, is the name of a sort of rude fetter or stocks by which the landholder 
 used to confine his serfs until they agreed to his extortions, — a practice within 
 the memory of Indian magistrates still living, and means literally ' the helot's-log.' 
 It was also used for fastening the head of the victim in the bloody oblations 
 which the Aryan religion adopted from the aboriginal races, especially in the 
 human sacrifices to Kali, to which the low-castes even now resort in times of 
 special need. Indeed, so intimately connected is the term with the worship of 
 this ferocious deity, that in the account of the last human offerings, during the 
 famine of 1866 — an account given by an English journalist who knew nothing of 
 the aborigines — the word comes to the surface, and we are told that the bleeding 
 head was found fixed in the ' har-cat,' i.e. helot's-log. 
 
 III.— GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. 
 
 The points which I have endeavoured to establish are — 
 
 1st, That India is partly peopled by races distinct from the Aryan popula- 
 tion, — races whom we have scarcely studied, and whom we do not understand. 
 
 2d, That while some of these races have preserved their ethnical identity in 
 sequestered wilds, others have merged as helots or low-castes into the lowland Hindus. 
 
 2,d, That our ignorance of the first section brings forth incessant risings and 
 frontier wars, and that our imperfect acquaintance with the second forms a serious 
 blot in our internal administration. 
 
 ^th. That these races are capable of being politically utilized, and by proper 
 measures may be converted from a source of weakness to a source of strength. 
 
 lih, That they are also capable of being scientifically investigated, and of 
 furnishing trustworthy materials to European philology. 
 
 6tk, That indications are not wanting that these now fragmentary peoples 
 form the dSris of a widely-spread primitive race ; and that from the northern 
 shores of the Indian Ocean and the Chinese Sea, traces are here exhumed of 
 
IV.-ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.] DISSERTATION.. 3^ 
 
 ethnical evolutions and the ebb and flow of human speech, far more ancient, and on 
 a grander scale, than the prehistoric migrations of the Indo-Germanic stock. 
 
 IV.— ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
 
 The construction of a dictionary such as I now submit is a work of compila- 
 tion rather than of authorship. The main body of the vocabularies are taken from 
 lists printed in the Journals or Proceedings of the Asiatic Societies in Bengal and 
 in England, in the Records of the Government of Bengal, all drawn up by or 
 under the direction of Mr. B. H. Hodgson, late of the Bengal Civil Service, Chevalier 
 of the Legion of Honour, etc. Mr. Hodgson also kindly placed at my disposal two 
 ■large trunks of manuscripts, amassed during his long and honoured service in the 
 East, and subsequently made over for safe keeping to the India Office. In some 
 respects, therefore, I look upon myself as the editor of materials collected by him 
 rather than as the author of an original work. To the nucleus thus furnished I 
 have added everything that could be obtained from the Government archives, such 
 as the group left by the Rev. Stephen Hislop of Nagpore, and edited with addi- 
 tions by Sir Richard Temple, of the Bengal' Civil Service. 
 
 I cannot mention Mr. HIslop's name without acknowledging the zealous 
 
 co-0'pera;ti6n which -I 'have received throughout from missionaries of all denomina- 
 
 •tions, 'both in India and at home. It was to these noble and devoted men that I 
 
 owed my first materials, and from them I learned that missionary enterprise means 
 
 not only the propagation of the Christian faith, but also the civilisation of whole 
 
 races, and the winning back of long lapsed peoples to a new life. No history of 
 
 the British occupation of India will be complete without the mention of such names 
 
 as those 'of Mr. Williamson of Beerbhoom ; Mr. Puxley of Rajmahal ; the two Phillips, 
 
 father and son, of Orissa ; Dr. Batchelor, who worked the first Santali press at 
 
 Midnapore ; and many others, whose scholarship is warmed from the holy flame of 
 
 Christian zeal. Some who started with me in these researches have not been 
 
 'permitted to 'see their Yruits ; and in my venerable friend Mr. Williamson, who died 
 
 at Beerbhoom in 1867, after nearly fifty years of missionary service, the world lost 
 
 one of those lives 'of calm usefulness which seldom find a biographer here, but 
 
 which are assuredly written above. In this country I have to thank the London 
 
 Missionary and Church Missionary Societies in their corporate capacities ; the Rev. 
 
 Dr. Legge for MS. vocabularies of the Nankin, Pekin, and Canton dialects ; the 
 
 Rev. Mr. Muirhead for the Shanghai ; and the Rev. W. K. Lea for the Amoy. 
 
 To Prince Lucien Bonaparte I am indebted for a MS. Bask vocabulary 
 drawn up by His Highness, and- for materials furnished in letters; to the Royal 
 Asiatic Society and its president Viscount Strangford, for obtaining the additional 
 
32 DISSERTATION. [iv.— acknowledgments. 
 
 leave which enabled me to bring out the wori<, and for valuable materials from 
 the Society's library; to Mr. Hyde Clarke, who long held a responsible office 
 under the Ottoman Government, for MS. lists of Turkish, Magyar, Circassian, and 
 Georgian ; to the Rev. Charles Malan of Broad Windsor, and Mr. S. Halkett of 
 the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, for the Mongolian and Mantshu ; to Dr. John 
 Muir, late of the Bengal Civil Service, for portions of the Sanskrit list which I 
 could not myself overtake, and for many valuable suggestions ; to the Right Hon. 
 E. Hammond of the Foreign Office for procuring, and to Mr. Von Siebold of the 
 Japanese Mission for drawing up, the Japanese list ; to Mr Cull for the Finnic ; 
 to Mr. John Hutcheson, formerly of Beyroot, for the Arabic ; to Mr. W. Ralston 
 of the British Museum for the Russian, and for another Russian list to Mr. Fiske, 
 the American Consul at Leith ; to Mr. J. Purves, Fellow and Lecturer of Balliol, and 
 to Monsieur Gustave Masson of Harrow, eminent as a French litterateur and 
 honourably known as an English writer, for the Latin and French prefaces ; to Sir 
 Henry Rawlinson, and to Mr Watts of the British Museum, for the suggestion of 
 sporadic affinities which led me to give the three series of Inflecting, Compounding, 
 and Isolating types ; to Sir Bartle Frere, for access to his admirable collection of 
 the Bombay Records ; to Professor Max Miiller, and to General Briggs, for valu- 
 able suggestions ; to Sir Erskine Perry, for many acts of kindness during the 
 compilation. My obligations to Dr. Rost, the Secretary to the Royal Asiatic Society, 
 for MS. lists drawn up from materials in his library, and for revising the proofs, 
 demand separate mention. But for his generous help, the work could not have 
 been brought out within the time allowed. To my secretary and salaried assistants 
 I have to make my acknowledgments for their fidelity and general accuracy. Many 
 things which ought to have been done by myself had to be entrusted to others ; 
 and this list would be incomplete without an acknowledgment of the affectionate 
 industry with which my Wife has corrected proof-sheets and manuscript, of which 
 each page contained five handwritings, and indeed done entire parts of the work, 
 such as the polyglot indices. The Dissertation itself has gone to press without 
 being read over ; but I felt that, having once taken in hand to bring out my 
 researches within the four months, it would have been mere cowardice to keep 
 back, through fear of a few verbal slips, ideas that have long been working in my 
 mind, and which I believe capable of doing good for millions of men. If I 
 am right in tliis belief, I can well afford to let the book go forth with all its 
 faults. 
 
DEUX— ZWEI-TWO—DVA— DUO. 
 
 [chap. I.— numerals. 
 
 Types. 
 ■g (Sanskrit, . . 
 
 %, (AliABIC, . . . 
 
 ' Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, 
 
 go Turkish, . . 
 
 ^ Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 f* Mongolian, 
 
 C Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, . . . 
 
 h 
 
 % 
 
 Dwi {dzvd). 
 Etluidn. 
 
 JBi, bia, biga. 
 
 Kaksi. 
 
 Keito. 
 
 Iki. 
 
 Oh. 
 
 Ori, gi-gti.* 
 
 Khoyar, kaet,-\ siti,X dzi-un,^ 
 
 Dchoiic, lianga.''^ [tiadan.\\ 
 
 Kalili. 
 Dim. 
 
 Urh (dr). 
 
 Urh. 
 
 I. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Nng. 
 
 F'tats, 111, fo. 
 
 Irat. 
 
 A'r, liangku. 
 
 Ka-ncs. 
 
 Nai. 
 
 Nd-bi. 
 
 Gnd-ri. 
 
 Hoytir. 
 
 Gne. 
 
 Gnyis, nyis. 
 
 Nyi. 
 
 
 ■Si 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 E^ 
 
 Gydmi, . . . 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Manyak, . . 
 Thochu, 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan ('.ariikn), 
 Tibetan {s/o/mi), 
 
 Serpa, JVyi. 
 
 Sunwdr, Ni-shi. 
 
 Giirung, . . . . Ni. 
 
 Miirmi, Gtii, ni. 
 
 Magar, Nis. 
 
 ThAksya, Gni. 
 
 Pakhya, . . . . Dui- 
 
 Newar, Ni. 
 
 Limbu, Nyetsh. 
 
 Kirdnti, Ha-sat. 
 
 Rodong, Ha-kara. 
 
 Riingchenbung, , . . Heii-sa, hcu-wang. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . Ilich-cJic. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Nij-bhoii. 
 
 Wdling, Ni, ha-sa, lia-sak. 
 
 Ydkha, Kich-chi. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Ni-ksi. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Nih-chi. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Ni, ni-chi, na-le. 
 
 Bdhingya, .... Ni-hi. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Hich-chi, hi-pang. 
 
 Lanibichhong, . , . Hich-chi, hi-pang. 
 
 Bdldli, Hich-chc. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . Hich-chi, hi-sali, hi-slapaiig. 
 
 ])umi, Sdk-pit. 
 
 Khdling, Sdk-po. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Hi-chi. 
 
 ' Ddrhi, Dwi. 
 
 Denwdr, Dwi. 
 
 Pahri, Ni, ning-gu. 
 
 Chepdng, Nhi-zho, nhi-zyo. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Ni. 
 
 Vayu, Nd-yung. 
 
 Kuswar, Dwi. 
 
 Kusunda, Ghi-gm. 
 
 Thdru, Dili. 
 
 Lcpcha (Sikkini), . . Nyd. 
 
 Bhdtdiii V. Lhopa, . Nyi. 
 
 So 
 
 .fc 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 h 
 
 
 Bodo, . . . . 
 Dhimdl, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 Garo, .... 
 Kdchdri, . , . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdnii Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman [taritieti), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kumi, .... 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chcntsu, . . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 'J.'ami], mod,, . 
 
 Malayd]ma, anc, 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Kanidlaka, mod., 
 
 Tiiluva, . . . 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 Toduva,) . . 
 
 Toda, [ . . 
 
 Kdta, .... 
 
 Badaga, . . . 
 
 Kurumba, . . 
 
 Irula, .... 
 
 Malabar, . . , 
 ^ Sinhalese, . , . 
 
 Man-gne, man-ne. 
 
 Nhe-long, giie-loiig. 
 
 Dii. 
 
 Gi-ning, a-nhig. 
 
 Man-nai, mii-nai. 
 
 Ani. 
 A' -nyi. 
 Ih. 
 A-ne. 
 Ka-ne. 
 Van-yi. 
 An-na. 
 An-nat. 
 Ani-ko. 
 Ngo-ye. 
 Duku-ni. 
 Nkhong. 
 
 Nhach. 
 
 Nhit. 
 
 Pan-nhi, 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Nhu. 
 
 Pre. 
 
 Nein. 
 
 Pa. 
 
 'Ki, khi. 
 
 Ne. 
 
 Ne. 
 
 H'tsoung. 
 
 Hai. 
 
 Sang, tsoung, song. 
 
 Sang. 
 
 Song. 
 
 Song. 
 
 Barria. 
 
 Bdr-ia. 
 
 Bdr-ca. 
 
 Bdr-ia. 
 
 En-otan. 
 
 Bdr-ia. 
 
 Twr (?), mdkis. 
 
 Rami, rand. 
 
 Rand. 
 
 Rand. 
 
 Jndi. 
 
 Ind-ing. 
 
 Randii. 
 
 Rand. 
 
 Bdr-ku. 
 
 Rand. 
 
 Jotjekd. 
 
 Bd-gu. 
 
 Rendu. 
 
 Rendu. 
 
 Diiyi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Irandu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Randa. 
 
 Rciuiu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Eradii. 
 
 Erad. 
 
 Dandu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ed, a-ed. 
 
 Yede. 
 
 Yeradu. 
 
 Yeradti. 
 
 Rendu, irendn. 
 
 Irandu. 
 
 Dekay. 
 
CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 
 
 TROIS—DREI— THREE— TRI-TRES. 
 
 35 
 
 
 ■&< 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 ■^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . ■. 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantshu, . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 Gydmi, . . 
 GyArung, . . 
 l\ikpa, . . 
 M;1nyak, , . 
 'I'hoclui, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sdnwdr, . . 
 
 Gilrung, . . 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Nichhereng, 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BiMli, . . 
 Sing-ping, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdiing, . 
 Dungmili, 
 
 f Dirhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 t5 
 I 
 
 nagor,% 
 
 Tri itisri). 
 Thaldtliat. 
 
 Iru, hint, hirur. 
 
 Kolme. 
 
 Harom. 
 
 U'ch. 
 
 Shu 
 
 Sami, han-ku.* 
 
 Khurban, kollem^ 
 
 Ilan, sfan-ga* Ul-oi,^ 
 
 2elu. [dagalk-im. 
 
 Tiga. 
 
 Tiga. 
 
 Sa?t. 
 San. 
 Sdm. 
 San. 
 San. 
 Mits, mi, san. 
 
 Musit. 
 
 Sdn, sang-kn. 
 
 Ka-sdm, 
 
 Sdm {.mm ?). 
 
 Si-ln. 
 
 Kshiri. 
 
 Korbd. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Gsum, sum. 
 
 Sum. 
 
 Sum. 
 
 Sdng isvngt). 
 Song. 
 Som.. 
 . Song. 
 Som. 
 Tin. 
 Son. 
 Syumsh. 
 
 Sum-ya. 
 Sum-ra. 
 Sum-yo. 
 Sum-che. 
 Suk-bhou. 
 Synm-yak. 
 Sum-chi. 
 Sum-makha. 
 Sup-chi. 
 Syum, sule. 
 ' Su7n (sdm ?). 
 Sum-chi. 
 Sum-chi. 
 Sung-che. 
 Sum-chi. 
 Suk-ptt. 
 Suk-po. 
 Sum-chi. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Sung, sung-gu. 
 
 Sung-zho, sung-zyo. 
 
 Swom. 
 
 Chjiu-yung. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Ddha. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Stem {sam f). 
 Sum. 
 
 rS 
 
 
 65 
 
 h 
 
 
 fBodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 _ Kichiri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthcin Nigi, 
 Tablung Ndgi, 
 Khiri Ndgd, . 
 Angimi Nigi, 
 Nimsing Nigi, 
 Nowgong Nigi, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsigar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kimi, . . . 
 Kiimi, ... 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 I'wo-knron, . 
 Toungh-tlni, . 
 Shin, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khimti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santili, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mimdala, . . 
 
 Rijmahali, . 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude,' . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Midi, . . . 
 
 Midia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikidi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sivara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamij, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malayilma, anc, 
 Malayiima, mod 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karnitaka, anc, 
 Karnitaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Tod a, 3 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, , 
 
 Man-tham. 
 
 Siim-lang. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Ga-thdm, a-thdm. 
 
 Man-tang, mung-timg. 
 
 Ahum. 
 A-zam. 
 Lent. 
 A-sam. 
 Su. 
 
 Van-ram. 
 A-sam. 
 
 A-sam (a-sdm ?). 
 Aom-ko. 
 Auma. 
 Dug-da. 
 Ma-st'im. 
 
 Sung Qt/ng ?). 
 
 Thong, than. 
 
 Thum. 
 
 Ka-tun. 
 
 Turn. 
 
 Shun. 
 
 Thin. 
 
 Pc. 
 
 77in; thch, 
 
 Thung. 
 
 Thiiiig. 
 
 ITtsan. 
 
 Ba. 
 
 Sdm, tsan. 
 
 Sam. 
 
 Sdm. 
 
 Sdm. 
 
 tho. 
 
 A-pid. 
 
 Fed. 
 
 A-pid. 
 
 Man-otan. 
 
 A-pid. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Munu, mund. 
 
 Mund. 
 
 Mund. 
 
 Mundi. 
 
 Munding. 
 
 Mundu. 
 
 Mund. 
 
 Akor, apkor. 
 
 Munu. 
 
 Tinigota. 
 
 Ydgi. 
 
 Mudu. 
 
 Mume. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mi'inru. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mi'inna. 
 
 Mudu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Muru. 
 
 'Miiji. 
 
 Mi'tndu. 
 
 Min. 
 
 Mudu. 
 
 Munde {munde ?). 
 
 Muru (iinidu ?). 
 
 Muau. 
 
 Muru {muqu ?). 
 
 Mundu. 
 
 Tunai. 
 
36 
 
 QUATRE— VIER— FOUR— TCHETURE— QUATUOR, [CHAP, i.— numerals. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 % 
 
 Bodo, ' Man-bre. 
 
 
 \ (Sanskrit, 
 §, (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 Chatitr {chatasri). 
 Arbaat. 
 
 
 Dhiradl, , . 
 Kocch, , , 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Dia-lojig. 
 
 Chdr. 
 
 Bri. 
 
 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 Lau, laur. 
 Nelja. 
 
 ^' 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 Munipuri, . 
 
 
 
 
 Man-bitri, niim 
 Mari. 
 
 -buri. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 Negi. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 A'-li. 
 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 Deurt. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Pi-li. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 Tky. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Pha-li. 
 
 
 § 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 Othkhi, on-ku* 
 
 ■b 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Deh. 
 
 
 ■&. 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 Turban, nille,^ ki-eta,X dig- 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Be-li. 
 
 
 e 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 Douin, sfi-gae. * \in, § nllan. \ \ 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Pazr. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Pat, papat. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Pha-le. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Sakawan. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, , 
 
 
 
 A-pi-ko. 
 
 
 
 ^ Malay, .... 
 
 . Ampat. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 A-pi-e. 
 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, , 
 
 Sze. 
 
 (*^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 
 
 Dugu-chi. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Sze, s'z. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Me-li. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Sze. 
 
 <3 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 
 
 Le. 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . Sz. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman (spoken), 
 
 
 
 Le, la. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 . Si. 
 
 || 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 
 Lhi. 
 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 . Ydts, yo, shi. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ma-li. 
 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pa-lu. 
 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 Char. 
 
 1 
 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Ta-li. 
 
 
 .S' 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . 
 
 
 Si, siku. 
 
 1: 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pri. 
 
 
 K 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 Ka-di. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Pon. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 
 Pli. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Lwi. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Milnyak, . 
 
 
 Re-bi. 
 
 g 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Li. 
 
 
 Thodui, . 
 
 
 Gzhdre. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, , 
 
 
 
 Lit. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 . T'lrbd. 
 . Hla. 
 
 •o 
 
 f^^ 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 H'tsc. 
 Bon. 
 
 
 Tibetan {zurium), 
 
 Bz/ii, shi. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Si, tse. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 . Zhyi. 
 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 
 Si. 
 
 
 
 
 'o 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Si. 
 
 
 
 'Serpa, 
 
 Zhyi, 
 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Si. 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 } 
 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Gdrang, . 
 Milrmi, . 
 Magar, . 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pakhya, . 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 . Le. 
 . Pli. 
 . Bli. 
 
 Bidi. 
 . Bla. 
 . Chdr. 
 . Pi. 
 
 Lish. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhuna 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhdmij, , 
 Urdon, . . 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 ). 
 
 
 Upi'mia. 
 
 Upun-ia. 
 
 Pon-ea. 
 
 Upun-ia. 
 
 Ndkh-otan. 
 
 Upnia. 
 
 Chdr. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndlu, ndlutig. 
 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 . Laya. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndlung. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 Lyura. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndlu. 
 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, . . 
 
 . Zdyd. 
 
 ■^ ■ 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Chdr. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndling. 
 
 
 'j- 
 
 Ndchhcreng, . . . 
 
 Lik-bhou. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, . . , 
 
 
 
 NdL 
 
 
 .i 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 Ld-yak. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 
 
 mUgu. 
 
 
 te; 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 Li-chi, 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Upanku. 
 
 
 ,s 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 . Phi-bakha. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 NdL 
 
 
 -"S 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 Li-chi. 
 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Sdri. 
 
 
 ■$• ■ 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 . Bli, blc-ule. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 
 Vonji. 
 
 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 . Le. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndlugu. 
 
 
 ■■a 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 . Li-chi, ri-chi, Ic-bang. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , 
 
 
 
 Ndlu. 
 
 
 g 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 
 
 Chdr. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 Li-ji. 
 La-kabo. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, , 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Ndngu. 
 Ndlu. 
 
 
 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 
 . Bhydl. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 . Bhdl. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod,, 
 
 
 Ndla. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 Li-chi, ri-chi. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Ndlugu. 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 Dcnwdr, , 
 I'ahri, . . 
 Choi)dng, , 
 Jihrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdrii, . . 
 
 
 . Chdr. 
 . Chdr. 
 
 J'idi-zho,ptol-zyo. 
 . Bi. 
 
 Bi-ning, bli-niiig. 
 . Chdr. 
 . Pin-jaiig. 
 . Chdr. 
 
 i 
 
 4 
 
 Karndtaka, ar 
 Karndtaka, m 
 TuUiva, . 
 Kiii'gi, . . 
 'I'odiiva,) 
 Toc'la, 1 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, , 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 IC, 
 
 od. 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ndlku. 
 
 Ndlu. 
 
 Ndlu. 
 
 Nonk. 
 
 Ndnk. 
 
 Ndke. 
 
 Ndlku. 
 
 Ndlku. 
 
 Ndku. 
 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), . 
 
 . Pha-li. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ndlu. 
 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. LI 
 
 lopa, . 
 
 . Zhi. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, , 
 
 
 
 
 . Hatarai. 
 
 
CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 
 
 CINQ— FiJNF— FIVE— PYAT—QUINQUE. 
 
 il 
 
 Types. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 |> 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, .... Panchan. 
 
 1 
 
 4 (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kham^at. 
 
 N 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Bost, hortz. 
 
 fe- 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Wild. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, , 
 
 
 
 
 Ot. 
 
 •^' 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 JBesh. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Tpey. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 KhoiitJii, tzilo-ku.* 
 
 ^ 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Tebun, wet^\ samfoknka,X 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Soundcha, u-gae.* 
 
 'tunya,% 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Lima. 
 
 degen.W 
 
 tt; 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Gangsal. 
 
 t 
 
 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Lima. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 . Wu. 
 
 f»j 
 
 >« 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 . Wu. 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 'ng. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 • '^ig- 
 
 
 •n 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 . Go. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 
 
 . Its', itsuts\ go. 
 
 h 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 
 
 . Panj. 
 
 1 
 
 S' 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Wti, nn'tku. 
 
 1; 
 
 S 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kung-gno. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Lid-g7io. 
 
 g 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Gnd-hi. 
 
 ■g 
 
 
 Thochd, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ware. 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Thtibd. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Gwe, 
 
 i 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 . Hn&. 
 
 2 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 
 
 . Gnd. 
 
 tj^ 
 
 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Gnd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Silnwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Gno. 
 
 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Gnd. 
 
 
 ■s 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 
 
 
 . Gnd. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 . Ba-gnd, bangd. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Gnd. 
 
 
 1 
 
 P^chya, , 
 
 
 
 
 . Pdch. 
 
 
 ■C 
 
 Newiir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Gnd. 
 . Gndsh. 
 
 . Gnd-yd. 
 Gnd-ra. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Gnd-yd. 
 
 s 
 
 
 Chliingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Gna-kbhou. 
 
 c! 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gnd-yak. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gnd-hi. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 s. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Gnd-ehi. 
 
 
 3 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Gno, gno-lo. 
 
 
 Bihingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gno. 
 
 
 ••a 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Gnd-ehi. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 » 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 B^Mli, . . 
 Sing-pdng, 
 Dilmi, . . 
 Khdling, _ . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Gnd-ji. 
 
 Gnd-kabo, 
 
 Bhuong. 
 
 Bhang. 
 
 Gnd-ehi, 
 
 Pdneh. 
 
 .q 
 
 1 
 
 Dcnwc4r, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Pdnch. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Gno, gnong-gu. 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Puma-zho, puma-zyo. 
 
 •1 
 
 1 
 
 Bhrimu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ba-gnd. 
 
 1 
 
 f^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 U-ning, kolu-got-liulup. 
 
 to 
 
 S 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Pamh. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Pa-gndng-jang. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Pdche. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Pha-gnon. 
 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. Lh 
 
 Op£ 
 
 I, . 
 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdrni Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spohm), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . .. . ■ 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pvvo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), , 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, , . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndjaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kiirgi, . . . 
 Toduva, ") 
 Toda, f . 
 K6ta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iru]a, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Man-bd. 
 Nd-long. 
 Pdneh. 
 Bo-ngd. 
 Man-bd, mun-bd. 
 
 Manga. 
 
 A'-gd. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Pha-ngd. 
 
 Pa-ngu. 
 
 Ba-ngd. 
 
 Ptt-ngti. 
 
 Phu-ngu. 
 
 Pili-ngo-ko. 
 
 U-ngo. 
 
 Dugu-mua. 
 
 Ma-ngd. 
 
 Nc;d {gnd). 
 Ngd {gnd). 
 Nghau {gnaji). 
 I^ang-gnd. 
 Pan. 
 Ta-ngd. 
 Ngd {gn£). 
 
 Pa-tson. 
 Yai. 
 Yed. 
 
 Ngdt {gndt). 
 Ha {hd t). 
 Nam. 
 Hd, hgnd. 
 Hd. 
 Hd. 
 Hd. 
 
 Moya. 
 Moya. 
 
 Mane {monei), 
 Monaya. 
 Panje gotang. 
 Moria. 
 Pdneh. 
 
 Saijhan, seiung, 
 Seiyung. 
 Seiyu. 
 Pdneh. 
 Aidte. 
 
 Aigu, siyit, Mum, heingu. 
 Heigi. 
 Maneiku. 
 Anj. 
 Pdnchu. 
 Mollayi. 
 Ayidu. 
 Anju. 
 ■ Pdneh. 
 
 A'-indu. 
 
 Aindu {anjii). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'neha. 
 
 Aidu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Aidu. 
 
 A'yinu. 
 
 Anji. 
 
 Yaj. 
 
 Utsh. 
 
 Anj'e. 
 
 Eidu. 
 
 Eidu. 
 
 Eindu. 
 
 Inthu. 
 
 Pahai. 
 
38 
 
 SIX— SECHS— S I X— CHEST'— SEX. 
 
 [chap. I. — NUMERALS. 
 
 S 
 
 .•&. 
 
 5S 
 ■5< 
 
 Types, 
 
 •S (Sanskrit, 
 4, (Arabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, 'Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese. Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gyarung, 
 Takpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Slinwdr, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng. 
 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhramu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcba (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 1 
 
 
 Shash. 
 Sittat. 
 
 Sei. 
 
 Kuusi, 
 
 Bat. 
 
 Alti. 
 
 Shu. 
 
 Ekoiisi, elnvisi, ankal-ga.* 
 
 Jhir-gflghan, kot\-\ mot-to,X 
 
 Nlnggonn, lit-gae.* \?iuc-un,^ 
 
 Nevi, nencm. gcdin.\^ 
 
 Nem, ne.nein. 
 
 Aiiam. 
 
 Luh. 
 Lin. 
 Lvli. 
 Loll. 
 Ldk. 
 Milts', imi, roku. 
 
 Shash. 
 
 Ln, III kit. 
 
 Kii-tok. 
 
 Kro. 
 
 Tru-bi. 
 
 Lihatdre. 
 
 Chorka. 
 
 Chho. 
 
 T)ruk, dug. 
 
 Thu. 
 
 Ink. 
 
 RnL 
 
 Til. 
 
 Dhu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Til. 
 
 Cliha. 
 
 Khii. 
 
 Tuksh. 
 
 Ttik-ya. 
 
 Tiik-ara. 
 
 Ttik-ya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tuk-yak. 
 
 Tuk-chi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tuk-chi. 
 
 Ru, ro, ru-le. 
 
 Riik-ka. 
 
 Tuk-chi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tuk-chi. 
 
 Tiik-kaho. 
 
 Rd-wom^. 
 
 Re. 
 
 Tuk-chi. 
 
 Chdh. 
 
 Chdh. 
 
 KJai, khung-gii. 
 
 Kriik-zho, kruk-zyo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chhii-iiiiig. 
 
 Chdh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chha. 
 
 Ta-rok. 
 Dhu. 
 
 go 
 
 I 
 .5 
 
 
 h 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, , . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 ' Burman {written), 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . . 
 Ktimi, , . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 Sdk, . . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdraij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Keikddi, , . . 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 ' Tamil, ^"^-i • 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . , 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, I . . 
 Kdta, .... 
 Badaga, . 
 KurumlDa, . . 
 Irida, .... 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, , . . 
 
 Man-do. 
 
 Tu-long. 
 
 Choi. 
 
 Krok. 
 
 Man-do, mtin-do, 
 
 Tariik. 
 
 A'-rok. 
 
 Vok. 
 
 Ta-rok. 
 
 So-rii. 
 
 L-rok. 
 
 Ta-rok. 
 
 The-lok. 
 
 A-ke-ko. 
 
 A-kiinge. 
 
 Dug-tichu. 
 
 ICrti. 
 
 Khyok. 
 
 lOiyauk. 
 
 Sauk. 
 
 Ta-u. 
 
 Ta-rti. 
 
 Ta-ru. 
 
 Khyaiik. 
 
 ICa-roiing. 
 
 LOii'i. 
 
 LChu. 
 
 Ther. 
 
 Hoht {hok ?). 
 
 Sau. 
 
 Hok. 
 
 Rnk. 
 
 Hok. 
 
 Hok {hoht 1). 
 
 Tun'iia. 
 
 Tii-ria, 
 
 Tu-ru-i. 
 
 Tu-ni-ya. 
 
 Se-gotan. 
 
 Tti-ria. 
 
 Chah. 
 
 Sdrong, sdrug. 
 
 Sdrting. 
 
 Sdrug. 
 
 Saha (sdha ?). 
 
 A'r. 
 
 Aril, sdrttm, sdru, hdrum.. 
 
 Hariig. 
 
 Tu-rei-ku. 
 
 A'r. 
 
 So. 
 
 Kudni, 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Chhe. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'ra. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Aji {dji ?).. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Or. 
 
 A'r. 
 
 A're. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 A'7-u. 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Hayai. 
 
CHAP. I. — NUMERALS.] 
 
 SEPT— SIEBEN— SEVEN— SEM'—SEPTEM. 
 
 39 
 
 Types. 
 
 ~i 
 
 Bodo, Man-sini, 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 <|, (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Saptan. 
 Sabaat. 
 
 fee 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, . 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Nhi-loiig. 
 . Sdt. 
 Si-ning. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Bask, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Zazpi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdi-i, . 
 
 
 
 . Man-shini, mun-shini. 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Seitseman. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Taret. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Heb. 
 
 '^* 
 
 Mfthdn Ncigd, . 
 
 
 A'-7iath. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 Yedu 
 
 |) 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Nith. 
 
 .»«. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Dley. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Ta-ni. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 S/nvidi, giuht-ku.* 
 
 ~fe^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Thc-nc. 
 
 % 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Dologhan, labct\\- sdba,X 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 I-ngit. 
 
 (o 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Nadan, szi-gae.* 
 
 nad-un,^ 
 
 K 
 » 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Ta-net. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Pitu. 
 
 dglur.W 
 
 f^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tha-nyet. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Pitu. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Kn-nit-ko. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Ti'ijuh. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Ku-nide. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Ts'th. 
 ChH. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Ditg-uchi (?). 
 Si-nith. 
 
 a° 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Ts'at. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ Burman {wriiicn), 
 
 
 Khwan-nhach. 
 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 am. 
 
 
 Barman [spoken), . 
 
 
 Khiin-nith. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Ch'it. 
 
 f? 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 S'he. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Nanats', nana, schi-chi. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 
 Sa-ri. 
 
 ^ " 1 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Sa-ru. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Haft. ' 
 
 i 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 
 Ra-nhit. 
 
 ^* 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Chhi, chhi-ku. 
 
 1; 
 
 _Sdk, 
 
 
 Tha-ni. 
 
 
 Gyilrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Kush-nes. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Hon, , . 
 
 
 Kha-pan. 
 
 ?, 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Ms. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 
 Nitd. 
 
 •0 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 Skivi-bi. 
 
 
 Pwo-karen, 
 
 
 
 Num. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 
 Stare. 
 
 i 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 
 
 Nwot. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Tola. 
 
 1 
 
 Shdn, . . 
 
 
 
 T'sit 
 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Zne. 
 
 K ■ 
 
 Annamitic, 
 
 
 
 Bay. 
 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 'Bdun. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 T'sit, clut. 
 
 6 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 
 Dun. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 Tsit, chet. 
 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Khdmti, . 
 
 
 
 T'sct 
 
 
 ' Serpa, .... 
 
 
 Dyun. 
 
 
 L Laos, . . 
 
 
 
 Tsei. 
 
 1 
 
 Sdnwcir, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Cha-ni. 
 
 Nis. 
 
 Ms. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdli, . 
 
 urn). 
 
 
 A'm. 
 lyd. 
 E-d-e, i-air. 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gnes, 
 
 Sdi. 
 
 Nhe. 
 
 Nush. 
 
 Bhagya. 
 Pdikara. 
 
 1 
 
 Bhiimij, . 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, . 
 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Goncli, 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 
 
 Sdth. 
 
 Sdt-gotang. 
 
 Sdlh. 
 
 Sdth. 
 
 Yenu, yetu, yedung. 
 
 Yerung. 
 
 Ertig. 
 
 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Bhangya. 
 
 ■p 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Yed. 
 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Co 
 
 Mddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Sdtte, yedu, eirum. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nuchi. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . .. 
 
 
 
 Sdth. 
 Yeiku. 
 
 ■g 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 
 
 Yal. 
 
 ^ 
 ■&." 
 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Nuchi. 
 
 Ser, seven, serle. 
 
 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Sdta. 
 Gulji. 
 
 1 
 
 Bihingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 
 Chani. 
 Nuchi. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Yedu. 
 
 Yes^u, vogu. 
 Sdt. 
 
 .5^ 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Nuji. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, 
 
 
 
 Ezh. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 Nu-kabo. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., 
 
 
 
 Ezhu. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Re. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, .inc., 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tar. 
 
 
 Malaydhna, mod., 
 
 
 Ezlia. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Ykdu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sdt. 
 
 Sdt. 
 
 Nhe, nhengu. 
 
 Chana-zho, chana-zyo. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 } 
 
 Dlrlii, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Tiduva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kota, . . 
 
 od., 
 
 
 . Ydu. 
 . El. 
 
 Elu. 
 . El. 
 
 1 . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 . EL 
 Yeye. 
 
 s 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 Sdt. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 . Ycl/u. 
 . Yellu. 
 
 CQ 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Sat. 
 
 
 Iruk, . . 
 
 
 
 . Ehi. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikk 
 Bhiitdni v. Lh 
 
 im) 
 op 
 
 a. 
 
 
 Ka-kyot. 
 Dun. 
 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 . Elu. 
 , Hatai. 
 
40 
 
 HUIT-ACHT-EIGHT-VOSEM'-OCTO. 
 
 [chap, l— numerals. 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ ^Sanskrit, 
 ^ (^Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ■ Gy^i, 
 
 Gyarung, . 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 Thochii, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {wriikn), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 'Serpa, . . 
 
 Siinw^r, 
 
 Gxlrung, . 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 Pakhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 _ Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rvingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Waling, 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 BhrdiTiu, . 
 V4yu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim) 
 BhiUdni v. Lhop 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 "3 
 
 I 
 
 Ashtan. 
 Thamdniat. 
 
 Zortzi. 
 Kahdeksan. 
 Nyolc, nioltz.* 
 Sekiz. 
 
 Yi. 
 
 Una, mockbeg-gu.'"' 
 Nemen, nilla^ sitereta,X 
 Dchakon, ba-ya* \gig-in,§ 
 
 VVolit. didr.W 
 
 Wolu. 
 Daldpan. 
 
 Pah. 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Pdt. 
 
 Pch. 
 
 Poch. 
 
 Yats', yatsu, ha-chi. 
 
 Hasht. 
 
 Pa, ha-ku. 
 
 Oryet. 
 
 Gyet. 
 
 Zibi. 
 
 Khrare. 
 
 Nema. 
 
 Rhi-e'e. 
 
 Brgyiid, gyud, dochad. 
 
 Gye. 
 
 Gye. 
 
 Zoh. 
 
 Pre, re. 
 
 Pre. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bhre. 
 
 A'th. 
 
 Chyd. 
 
 Yetsh. 
 
 Reya. 
 
 Bhok-kara. 
 
 Reya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yechi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Reehi. 
 
 Yen, yet, yetle. 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Yechi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yechi. 
 
 Re-kabo. 
 
 Ri. 
 
 Rin. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'th. 
 
 A'th. 
 
 Chya, chyaiig-gii. 
 
 Prap-zho, prap-zyo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'th. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'th. 
 
 Ka-ku. 
 Gye. 
 
 \ 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 _ Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shoii 
 Kdmi, , . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annainitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 _ Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhdmij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsii, 
 
 Tami], anc 
 Tamil, mod., , 
 Malayd]ma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tukiva, 
 Kurgi, . 
 Toduva,) 
 To da, ) 
 Kdta, . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irida, , 
 Malabar, 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 Man-Jot (?). 
 
 Yelong. 
 
 A'th. 
 
 Chet. 
 
 Man-jot, miin-jot. 
 
 Nipdl 
 
 A-chet. 
 
 Thath. 
 
 Sa-chet. 
 
 The-tha. 
 
 I-sat. 
 
 Te. 
 
 The-sep. 
 
 Pu-nit-ko. 
 
 Pin-ye. 
 
 Dug-uche. 
 
 Mat-sat. 
 
 Rhach. 
 
 Shyet, shyit. 
 
 Sat. 
 
 Kayd. 
 
 Tayd. 
 
 Riydt. 
 
 Atseit. 
 
 Khasan. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 That. 
 
 Tet. 
 
 Tarn. 
 
 Pet, tet. 
 
 Pet. 
 
 Pet. 
 
 Pet. 
 
 Frilia. 
 Irlia. 
 Iral. 
 A'th. 
 Ate. 
 A'th. 
 A'th. 
 
 Anamur, yermud. 
 Yermud. 
 Arviitr. 
 Caret. 
 A'th. 
 
 A'tte, atu, ermadi. 
 At. 
 
 Ilarku, ilariya. 
 Yet 
 
 Ata {a/a ?). 
 Tainuji. 
 Ycnimide. 
 Yet(u, vattti. 
 A'th. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ettu. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Etta. 
 
 Enimidi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yentu. 
 
 Ename. 
 
 Ettu. 
 
 Eit. 
 
 Ett. 
 
 Yette. 
 
 Ycitu. 
 
 Ye(/n. 
 
 Ycitu. 
 Ettu. 
 Atai. 
 
CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 
 
 NEUF— NEUN— N I N E— DEVYAT'— NOVEM. 
 
 41 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 "I, IArabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 S> 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, ' 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Milnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {luritten), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . , 
 Siinwiir, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Mitrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirinti, 
 Rodong, 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng. 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 Y£ikha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong 
 B^Mli, . . 
 Sing-p^ng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungm^li, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, , 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Navan. 
 Tcssaat. 
 
 Bederatzi, bedratzi. 
 
 Yhdeksan. 
 
 Kilcnc. 
 
 Dokuz. 
 
 Bughu. 
 
 Tskhra, titsgu* 
 
 Yisun, killien,\ ttayma- 
 
 Ouyoun, dshiigae. * 
 
 Sanga. 
 
 Sdngd. 
 
 Sambitan. 
 
 'toinina.% 
 ziaphm,\ 
 dgiur- 
 diar.W 
 
 Kiu. 
 
 Chiu. 
 
 Kau. 
 
 Kiu. 
 
 Kdu. 
 
 Ku, kokono, kokonots\ 
 
 Nuh. 
 
 Chyti, ckyuku. 
 
 Kung-gii. 
 
 JDu-gu. 
 
 Gn-bi. 
 
 'Rgu-re. 
 
 Yeso. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Tigu. 
 
 Guh. 
 
 Guh. 
 
 Guh. 
 
 Kvh. 
 
 Kuh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ku. 
 
 Natl. 
 
 Gun. 
 
 Phangsh. 
 
 Phang-ya. 
 
 Kipiira. 
 
 Phang-ya, wang-pop. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phang-cfd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bong-chi. 
 
 Gu, gu-le. 
 
 Ghu. 
 
 Bdng-chi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bdng-ji. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ghu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 No-ii. 
 
 No-t'i. 
 
 Gun, gun-gu. 
 
 Taku-zho, taku-zyo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 Nau. 
 
 Ka-kyot. 
 Gu. 
 
 \ 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 .b 
 •a 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 <*! 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 s 
 
 h 
 
 G 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mftlidn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 NAmsdng Ndgii, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {toritten), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . , 
 Kiimi, . . . , 
 Mrd V. Toung, , 
 Sdk, . . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 Pwo-karcn, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . , 
 
 Shd,n, . . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . 
 
 Ahom, . . . , 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 Laos, . . . , 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santcili, . . . 
 Bhumij, . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . , 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khoncl, . . . 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 Yemkala, . , . 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malayd]ma, mic, 
 Malaydhna, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Tocluva, ) . . 
 Toda, j . . 
 Kdta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 Irula, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese, , . . 
 
 Man-shi-ko (?). 
 
 Kuha-long. 
 
 Nau. 
 
 Ju. 
 
 Man-sht-ko, mnn-shi-ko. 
 
 Mdpal. 
 
 A'-ku. 
 
 Thu. 
 
 Te-ktc. 
 
 Tha-ku. 
 
 I-khu. 
 
 Ta-kic. 
 
 Tha-ku. 
 
 Ko-nang-ko. 
 
 Ko-nange. 
 
 Dugu-chu-ba. 
 
 Tse-khu. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Ta-ko. 
 
 Ta-kau. 
 
 Ta-ku. 
 
 Ta-fu. 
 
 Kha-si. 
 
 Kwi, hkwi. 
 
 Kwi. 
 
 Kilt. 
 
 Kaut. 
 
 Kyin. 
 
 Kau, kaut. 
 
 Kau. 
 
 Kau. 
 
 Kau. 
 
 Arrcd. 
 A'rcd. 
 A're. 
 Nau. 
 
 No-gotang. 
 Noko. 
 Nau. 
 No, nau. 
 Nau. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Nau. 
 
 Nawe, erinu, tumadi. 
 Nau. 
 Areiku. 
 Wamberu. 
 Nogattd. 
 Tinji. 
 Tomviidi. 
 Ombadu. 
 Lo, totd. 
 
 Onbakadu. 
 
 Onbadu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ombata. 
 
 Tommidi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ombhattu. 
 
 Crambo. 
 
 Oyimbadu. 
 
 Onbod. 
 
 Anpath. 
 
 Vorupdde. 
 
 Vombattu. 
 
 Vombattu. 
 
 Vombadu. 
 
 Onpathu. 
 
 Nawanama. 
 
42 
 
 DIX— ZEHN— TEN— DESYAT'— DECEM. 
 
 [chap. I.— numerals. 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 "j Arabic, . 
 
 Dasan. 
 A as he rat. 
 
 |-3 
 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Amar. 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Kymmenen. 
 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Tiz. 
 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 On. 
 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Tsey. 
 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 Athi, entzelgu.* 
 
 
 Mongolian, . . 
 
 . Arban, yajig,^ 
 
 M,X zimi,% 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 . Dchoiian, schi.* 
 
 \entzelgu 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Sapi'iliih. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Saddsd. 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 PtUuh, sapi'thth. 
 
 
 f Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 . SMh. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 . Shih. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Shap. 
 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . Sch. 
 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 . Chdp. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 JDjiu, to, tsuds\ 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 s 
 
 Brahui, Bah. 
 
 Gydmi, Ish-sa. 
 
 Gydrung, Sih. 
 
 Tdkpa, ^chi. 
 
 Mdnyak, . ■ , . . . Che-chi-bi. 
 
 Thochd, Hadure. 
 
 Sokpa, A'rba. 
 
 Horpa, Sga. 
 
 Tibetan (written), . . 'Qchu, chu-thamba. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Chiih, chu-thamba. 
 
 ' Serpa, Chuh. 
 
 Sunwir, Sa-shi. 
 
 Gdrung, Chuh. 
 
 Miirmi, Chi-wai. 
 
 Magar, Caret. 
 
 Thiksya, Chyu. 
 
 Pdkhya, Das. 
 
 Newdr, Sdnho. 
 
 ^ Limbu, Gip, bong, thi-bong. 
 
 Kirdnti, Kip. 
 
 Rodong, Lip-ura. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Kip, kip-u, dheuk-ya. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Caret. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Caret. 
 
 Wdling, Caret. 
 
 Ydkha, I-bong, ik-bong. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Caret. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Uk-bong. 
 
 'J'luilungya, .... Kong-dyiini, hwong-dyitni. 
 
 Bdhingya, Kot-dyuiii, kwad-dyuin. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Tp-pong. 
 
 Lambichhong, . , . Ip-poiig. 
 
 Bdldli, Ip-pong. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Caret. 
 
 Dilmi Caret. 
 
 Khdling, Tadham. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Caret. 
 
 Ddrhi, Das. 
 
 Denwdr, Das. 
 
 Pahri, Gi,ging-gu. 
 
 Chepdng, Gyib-zho, gyib-zyo. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Caret. 
 
 Vdyu, Nayung-gof-khuhip, i.e. two 
 
 Kuswar, Das. [whole hands. 
 
 Kusunda, Caret. 
 
 Thdru, Das. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Kati. 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . . Cha-tham. 
 
 
 So 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 h 
 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 Bumian {isiritten), 
 Burman {spolicn), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mru V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-kaxen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolanii, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvai'a, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 'Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Todiiva,) 
 Toda, j 
 K(5ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 KurumlDa, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Man-ji. 
 
 Te-long. 
 
 Das. 
 
 Chi. 
 
 Man-ji, mun-Ji. 
 
 Tard. 
 
 Ban. 
 
 Fan. 
 
 Ta-rah. 
 
 Kurr. 
 
 I-chi. 
 
 larr. 
 
 The-lu. 
 
 U-ing-ko. 
 
 U-ying-e. 
 
 Dugu-chuba-ditgshe. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Chhe. 
 
 She, ta-fse, shai. 
 
 Hd. 
 
 Hd-stth. 
 
 Hau. 
 
 Hd. 
 
 Si-su. 
 
 Tsau. 
 
 Tsi, ta-tsi. 
 
 Dtsi. 
 
 Tah-si. 
 
 T'seit. 
 
 Mitoi. 
 
 Sip, htseit. 
 
 Sip. 
 
 Sip. 
 
 Sip. 
 
 Gel. 
 
 Geled. 
 
 Gela. 
 
 Das. 
 
 Das-gotang. 
 
 Das-go. 
 
 Das. 
 
 Pada, daha. 
 
 Daha. 
 
 Pad. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Daha. 
 
 Daha, dase,pade. 
 
 Das. 
 
 Gelku. 
 
 Patu. 
 
 Doso. 
 
 Gal-iji (^el-iji'f). 
 
 Padi. 
 
 Pattn, pottu. 
 
 Das. 
 
 Orupakadu. 
 
 Pattu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Patta. 
 
 Padi. 
 
 Pattu. 
 
 Hattu. 
 
 Pattu. 
 
 Pattu. 
 
 Pot. 
 
 Path. 
 
 Patte. 
 
 Hattu. 
 
 Hattu. 
 
 Pattu. 
 
 Pathu. 
 
 Dahadasa. 
 
CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 
 
 VINGT-ZWANZIG— TWENTYr-DVADTSAT'— VIGINTI. 
 
 43 
 
 Types. 
 & 
 
 ••a (Sanskrit, ,. ,' 
 <<4, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, . . , . 
 Finnic, . ... 
 Magyar, . , . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 feo 
 
 '^ 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 I*! 
 
 '•e 
 
 8 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ei; 
 
 c^ 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf. . > ". . 
 
 Gydmi, . . . 
 Gyjlrung, . . . 
 Tdkpa, . . . 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 Thochil, . . . 
 Sokpa, .... 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 t^ l_ Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 
 Stinwdr, . 
 
 Gdrung, . 
 
 Mdrmi, . 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rtlngchenbung, , 
 Chhingtdngya, , 
 Nichhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-ping, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Yiyn, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Vin^ati. 
 Aasheronn. 
 
 Ogeif ogoi. 
 
 Kaksikymmenda. 
 
 Husz. 
 
 Yirmi, yighirmi. 
 
 Ot-shey. ' '' 
 
 Ot-si, ots, kohieggu.* 
 
 Khorin, siUi-bi,% 
 
 Or in, ul-schi.* 
 
 RongpiUuh likur, 
 
 Kalihdasd likur. 
 
 Diap'Aluh. 
 
 Woh-sMh, ar-shi, 
 
 Woh-shih. 
 I-shap. 
 Ni-e. 
 Ji-chdp. 
 Ni-djiUy fatadsi, 
 
 Bist. . ;^; ,._.,.: 
 
 Air-sa. ' ^ ' 
 
 Kinis-si. 
 Khali. 
 Nd-chdbi. 
 Gnina-so. 
 Khore. 
 Na-ska. 
 
 ' Nyi-chuthamba. 
 Nyi-chu. 
 
 Nyi-shu. 
 
 Khal-ka. 
 
 ICuii. 
 
 Nyi-shu, .-■"- "'\ 
 
 Caret. . ", 
 
 Gni-yu. 
 
 Bis. 
 
 Ni-e, sang-sanho. 
 
 Ni-bong. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret 
 
 Hi-bong. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kong-usang, kwong-usang. 
 
 A'sim, kwong-dsing. 
 
 Ni-bong. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. ; 
 
 Caret. - , -. '■-; 
 
 Caret. , [ ' 
 
 Khdl, khdl-tau, tau-khdl. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bis. 
 
 Bis. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Cholok-le-gof-kulup, i.e. 
 
 Bis. [fingers and toes. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bis. 
 
 Kha-kdt, 
 Nyi-sho, khe-chik.; 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 a 
 
 I 
 
 to 
 
 .« 
 
 Bodo, . . . . 
 Dhimiil, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 Garo, .... 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Nilgi, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman {spoken), , 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kiimi, .... 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 Sdk 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 I-Io(Kol), . .' 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhilmij, . . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 Gondi, . . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khon4, . • • 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tamij, anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karijdtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Ku'rgi, .... 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, ]■ . . 
 Kdta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 Iruia, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 Chokai-ba, thai-khon, bisha- 
 
 Eloiig-bisha. \che. 
 
 Bis. 
 
 Rung-sha. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kul. 
 
 Chd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ma-khi. 
 
 Ma-ku. 
 
 Ruak-gni. 
 
 Mat-su. 
 
 Ma-chi. 
 
 Ir-ling-ko. 
 
 Uying-anyiko. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khi'tn. 
 
 Nhach-chhe. 
 
 Nhit-fse, nhit-shai. 
 
 Km: 
 
 Kii-snh. 
 
 A-pum-re. 
 
 Pi-ra-mi. 
 
 Hun. 
 
 Pa-san. 
 
 Ki-si, khi-tsi. 
 
 Ni-tsi. 
 
 He. 
 
 Htsoung. 
 
 Hai-muoi. 
 
 Ye-sip, ya-t'sit. 
 
 Sau. 
 
 Sau. 
 
 Sau-nung. 
 
 Hissl. 
 Hissi. 
 Mih-issi. 
 Bis. 
 Bis. 
 Bis. 
 Bis. 
 Bisa. 
 Visa. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Vis. 
 
 Bis, visa, iriva. 
 Bis. 
 Bis. 
 Vis. 
 Kode. 
 Bo-kodi. 
 Yiruvai. 
 
 Yiruvadu, yirapottu. 
 Bis, pan-eh-ganda. 
 
 Irupakiida. 
 Irubadu. 
 Caret. 
 Irupata. 
 Iruvai. 
 Caret. 
 Ippattu. 
 Irvo. 
 Iruvadu. 
 Ivvod. 
 Evoth. 
 Irvdde. 
 Ibbatta. 
 Ibbattu. 
 Irvadu. 
 Irupathu. 
 Wisi. 
 
44 
 
 TRENTE—DREISZIG— THIRTY— TRIDTSAT'—TRIGINTA. [chap, i.— numerals. 
 
 fe5 
 
 Types, 
 
 ^ 
 
 <; 
 
 <; 
 
 
 I 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 "S, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydrai, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . , 
 Sdnw^r, , 
 Giirung, , 
 Miinni, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, , 
 Riingclienbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong. 
 Bd-Uli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, , 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiit^ni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Trinsat. 
 Thaldthoun. 
 
 Ogeit-amar, 
 
 Kohnekymmenda. 
 
 Harmbic. 
 
 Oiuz. 
 
 Otsheyrey, hsirey. 
 
 Otsda-athi, lowergu* 
 
 Khtichiti, nagor-bi.% 
 
 Gosin, sang-schi* 
 
 Teluiigpi'iluh. 
 
 Tigangdasa. 
 
 Tigapi'iluh. 
 
 San-slnh. 
 San-shih. 
 Sdm-sliap. 
 Sans eh. 
 San-chdp. 
 San-djhi, misodsi. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Sdn-sa. 
 
 Ka-sam-si. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sd-chd-bi. 
 
 Kshyd-so. 
 
 Kochhen. 
 
 Si'is-ka. 
 
 Sum-chu-thamJ>a. 
 
 Sum-chu. 
 
 Siim-chii. 
 
 Sa-si-sdu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bokal-che-shu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Soin-bu. 
 
 Tis. 
 
 Ni-sdnho, suye. 
 
 Sum-bong. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sum-bong. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kwong-ttsang-kodyum. 
 
 Kwong-asing-kot-dymn . 
 
 Sum-bong. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tadham-khdl-tau. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tis. 
 
 Tis. 
 
 Sun (san 1). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tis. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tis. 
 
 Kha-kdt-sa-kati. 
 Khe-pheddni. 
 
 "3 
 
 Bodo, , . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 (^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 Tis. 
 
 hi 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Rung-sha-chi. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Kunthra. 
 
 ■« 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Sam-rd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Surr. 
 
 ■■1 
 
 Ndmsilng Ndgd, 
 
 
 JHuak-ram. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 It; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Machi-H-thelu. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, , . 
 
 
 Uing-aomko. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Uying-aumko. 
 
 1 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 LSingpho, . . . 
 
 
 Tum-si. 
 
 >«; 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 
 Sung-ehhe. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Thong-t'se, thon-shai. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Tun-gip. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Ru-i-thun, 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Mphd-i-re. 
 
 1 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . ■ 
 
 
 Tsum-gaum. 
 
 
 .Sdk,_ .... 
 
 
 Thon-si. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Pe-tson. 
 
 si 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Thu-tsi, theh-tsi. 
 
 .R 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 Thung-tsi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Thung 
 
 g 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Htsan-htsiet. 
 
 t^ ^ 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Ba-mu'di. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Sdm-sip. 
 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 Sam-sip. 
 
 <o 
 
 Khdmti, , . . 
 
 
 Sdm-sip. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Sdm-sip. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Dost. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Tlissigeled. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Ilissi-gel. 
 
 
 Bhdmij, . . , 
 
 
 Moy-hissi-dasti. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Dedh-kudi. 
 
 
 Mundala, . , . 
 
 
 Tis. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 Tis. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Tis, tisa. 
 
 .Q 
 
 Gayeti, . . , 
 
 
 Tisa. 
 
 "§ 
 
 Rutluk, . , , 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi 
 
 
 Tis, dedh-visa. 
 
 
 Mddia, , . . 
 
 
 Dedha-kodi. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Tis. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 Cannot count above twenty 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Tirisigotta, 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Bokodigaliji. 
 
 
 Gadaba,' . . . 
 
 
 Mup'pai. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 
 
 Muppadu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Sdt-gandd-doyich a . 
 
 
 ^ Tarai}, anc, , . 
 
 
 Mupakudu. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . , 
 
 
 Muppadu. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlnia, mod., 
 
 
 Muppata. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Muppai. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 4 
 
 Kariidtaka, mod,, 
 
 
 Mi'tvattu. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Tuluva, , . , 
 
 
 Muppo. 
 
 1' 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Ntippadu. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 
 
 
 Mupped. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Mubath. 
 
 ^j 
 
 K(5ta, . . 
 
 
 
 Muvatte. 
 
 
 Badaga, , 
 
 
 
 Muvattu. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Muvattu, 
 
 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 
 
 Mubbadu. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Mttppathu. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Tihai, tis. 
 
CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] QUARANTE— VIERZIG-FORT Y— SOROK— QUADRAGINTA. 
 
 45 
 
 o 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskij.it, 
 "I, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . -. 
 
 Brahuf, . . . . ". 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . '."". 
 
 Gydrung, . . . . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . . . 
 
 Mcinyak, . . . . 
 
 Thochil, . . . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 .s 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 ■Si 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Si'inwilr, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, . ' . ' 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 KuUmgya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong,- 
 
 Bdlili, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 ft5 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Chatwdrinsat. 
 Arbaaoun. 
 
 Bcrrogei. 
 
 Neljdnkymmenda. 
 
 Negyven. ' 
 
 Keurk. 
 
 Ot-shitk. 
 
 Ormotsi, kokawu.* 
 
 7)ichin, tktta-bi.X 
 
 Dekhi, sig-schi.* 
 
 Fitangpiiluh. 
 
 Kawandasd. 
 
 Ampatpiluh. 
 
 Sze-shth. 
 
 Sze-shih. 
 
 Sze-shap. 
 
 S^-seh. 
 
 SUJidp. 
 
 Si-djkt, shi-Jm, yosodsi, 
 
 Chil. . _ , ^; .; _ . 
 
 Sy&sa. ' '■'-' 
 
 Kaplis-si. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Zyi-zd-hi. 
 
 Ghyi-so. 
 
 Teche. 
 
 Les-kd. 
 
 'Bzhib-chu, shi-chu-thamba. 
 
 Hip-cM: 
 
 Hip-cMt. 
 Khdk-ne-shi. 
 Cant. ' {._'. 
 
 Bokal-nhi. '": 
 Caret: ' '",' 
 
 Blib-yu. '■-'"-' 
 
 Chdlis. 
 
 Sn-sdnho, hi-ye. 
 Li-gip. 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Li-git. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Naasang. 
 . Ni-pachi. 
 Rik-pong. 
 Caret. ■ 
 Caret. . 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Khdl-sdkpo. 
 Caret. 
 
 Chdlis. 
 
 Chdlis. 
 
 Pi-i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nayung-cholok. 
 
 Chdlis. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chdlis. 
 
 Kha-nyet.- 
 Khe-ni. 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 S 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, Bisha-gne. 
 
 Dhimdl, Nhe-bisa, gne-long-bisha. 
 
 Koccli, Chdlis. 
 
 Garo, Rung-ning. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Niphu. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Pan-yi. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Li-rah. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Lhide. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, , . . Ruak-beli.. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Li-ri. .; -■ . 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Mesung-amat- ' 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Uing-apie. y] 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Uying-apiko. . 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Caret. 
 
 Singpho, Mli-si. 
 
 Burman {written), . . Le-chhe. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Le-tse, le-zhai. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Lhi-gip. 
 
 Kdmi, Ku-i-mali. 
 
 Kiimi, . . . . . . Wu-palu-ri. 
 
 Mrti V. Toung, ... Caret. . 
 
 Sdk, Pri-sL 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Pon-tson. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Lwi-si. 
 
 Pwo-lcaren, .... Li-lsi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Lit. 
 
 Shdn, Litse-htsiet. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Bdn-mudi. 
 
 Siamese, Si-sip, ts'i-tsit. 
 
 Ahom, Si-sip. 
 
 Khdmti, Si-sip. 
 
 Laos, Si-sip. 
 
 Ho (Kol) Bar-hissl. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Bdr-hissi. 
 
 Santdli, Bdr-issi. 
 
 Bhiimij, Bdr-issi. 
 
 Urdon, Bisciid. 
 
 Mundala, Bar-hissi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Chdlis. 
 
 Gondi Rand-eisai, chdlis. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, Rand-visa, chdlis. 
 
 Mddia, Rand kodi. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Caret. 
 
 Khond, Chalisigotta. 
 
 Sdvara, Bdgukodi. 
 
 Gadaba, Nalabhai. 
 
 Yerukala, Nalubadu. 
 
 Chentsu, Poun, das-gandd. 
 
 'Tamil, anc Ndrpakudu. 
 
 Tamil, mod Ndrpadu. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., . . Ndlpata. 
 
 Telugu Nalubai. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Kariidtaka, mod., . . Ndlvattu. 
 
 Tuliiva Ndrpo. 
 
 Ku'rgi, Ndpadic. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Ndlvod. 
 
 Toda, ) .... Narsh-bath. 
 
 K6ta, Nalvatte. 
 
 Badaga, Nalvaitu. 
 
 Kurumija, .... Nalvattu. 
 
 Iniia, Ndbadu. 
 
 Malabar, Ndtpathu. 
 
 Sinhalese, Haia-lis. 
 
46 
 
 CINQUANTE—FUNFZIG— FIFTY— PYAT-DESYAT'—QUINQUAGINTA. [chap, i.— numerals. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 (Sanskrit, . . . 
 
 Pafichdsat. 
 
 ^ ^Arabic, .... 
 
 Khainsmn. 
 
 s 
 
 ■ Bask, 
 
 Berrogeit-amar. 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Wihikynmtenda. 
 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Otven. 
 
 s° 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 . EllL 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Seynuk. 
 
 s 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 Ormots-da-athi, kikaldans- 
 
 i 
 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 
 Tebin, samfoknka-bi.X \]ie 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 Sousai, ug-schi* 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 . Sekd. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 . Seket. 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Limapuluh. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 . Wu-shih. 
 
 s' 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 . Wu-shih. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . 'Ng-shap. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . 'Ng-seh. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 . Go-chdp. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Go-djiu, isodsi. 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 . Panjdh. 
 
 ^' 
 
 ' Gydmi, .... 
 
 Wti-sa. 
 
 
 Gydrang, .... 
 
 Kzmgno-si. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 fc 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 Gna-zd-bi. 
 
 ■| 
 
 Thochii, .... 
 
 Was-so. 
 
 5; 
 
 Sokpa, .... 
 
 Shd-che. 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 Gwes-ka. 
 
 3 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 G7ia-chuthainba, \\7iab-chu. 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . 
 
 Gnap-cMi. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 Gnap-chu. 
 
 <?■ 
 
 Siinvvdr, .... 
 
 Khak-nishi-sasika. 
 
 
 Gurung, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Miirmi, .... 
 
 Bokal-ni-shi't-chit. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Magar, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, .... 
 
 G7ia-syu. 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Pachas. 
 
 f 
 
 Newir, .... 
 
 Pi-sdnho, gnid-ye. 
 
 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 Gna-gip. 
 
 
 'Kir^nti, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 "? 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydkha, .... 
 
 Gnd-gip. 
 
 !l 
 
 Chourdsya, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s* ' 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Naasang-ko-dyum . 
 
 5i 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Ni-pacld-kot-dyum, 
 
 ■« 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 Gnd-k-pong. 
 
 
 Lambichhong, , . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Diimi, 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Khdling, .... 
 
 Khdl-sdkpo-tadhaiii . 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . . . 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Ddrhi, 
 
 Pachds. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, .... 
 
 Pachds. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Nge-e. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, 
 
 Card. 
 
 1- 
 
 Bhrdmu 
 
 Card. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Vdyu, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 Kuswar, 
 
 Pachds. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Thdru, 
 
 Pachds. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Kha-nyet-sa-kdii. 
 
 
 Bhiifdni v. Lhopa, . . 
 
 IChe-pheddttgsi'm. 
 
 I 
 
 
 to 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 .Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . , 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 Gondi, 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, , . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . , 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., , 
 Malayd]ma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 Telugu, . , 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Kari.idtaka, mod., 
 Tiduva, . , 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) . 
 K6ta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Inila, , , . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pachds. 
 
 Rung-ning-chi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydng-kai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ta-nam. 
 
 Ri-pangu. 
 
 Ruak-bangd. 
 
 Tha7t-am. 
 
 Mesu7tg-an7iat-te-thelu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ungo-uyingko. 
 
 Card. 
 
 Mangd-si. 
 
 Ngd-chhe, gd-chhe. 
 Ngd-tse, gd-tse, 7igd-zhai. 
 Nghau-gip. 
 Ku-i-pa7ig-nga. 
 
 Wi-pd-ri. 
 
 Caret. 
 Nga-si. 
 
 Patsu-tson. 
 
 Ya-i-stt, yay-tsi. 
 
 Yea-tsi. 
 
 Ngat. 
 
 Ha-htsiet. 
 
 Na7n-mudi. 
 
 Hd-sip, hd-tsit. 
 
 Hd-sip. 
 
 Hd-sip. 
 
 Hd-sip. 
 
 Bar-hissl-gel. 
 
 Bdr-hissi-gil. 
 
 Bdr-issi-gel. 
 
 Bdr-hissi-dasti. 
 
 Dharihe-kodi. 
 
 Bdr-hissi-dasgo. 
 
 Pachds. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ca7'ei. 
 
 Ra7id-visa-dahi. 
 
 Adhei-kodi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pa7ichdso. 
 
 Bdgukodi-galiji. 
 
 Ydbhai. 
 
 A7ijara-kapottu, 
 
 Bara-ga7ida-doyicha. 
 
 Aii/ibakudu. 
 
 Aimbadtt. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A7iibata. 
 
 Ydbai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ayivattu. 
 
 Aylva. 
 
 Eii/ibadu. 
 
 Erb-bod. 
 
 Eboth. 
 
 Eivatte. 
 
 Eivattu. 
 
 Eivattu, 
 
 A77ibadu. 
 
 At77tpathu. 
 
 Panas. 
 
CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 
 
 CENT— HUNDERT— H U N DRE D—STO— CENTUM. 
 
 47 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ 
 
 to 
 
 h 
 h 
 
 f 
 
 I 
 
 S^. 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, . . . 
 '^ (Arabic, .... 
 
 Bask, ...... 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, ... 
 Mongolian, , . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, .. 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 _ Malay, .... 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pckin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, ; 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahul, . . .. ; . Sad. 
 
 §atant. 
 Mdyat. 
 
 Eun. 
 
 Sata. 
 
 Szaz. 
 
 Yuz. 
 
 Koshed. 
 
 Asi, noskti.* 
 
 Sag/wn, girr.X >. 
 
 Tanggd, ibaL* 
 
 Sdtus. 
 
 Sdtus. 
 
 Rdtus, sdrdtus. 
 
 Pth, i-pe. 
 
 Pat. 
 
 Pdk. 
 
 Ih-pah. 
 
 Chit-pah. 
 
 Hiaku (?), momo. 
 
 I 
 
 t^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, , . , 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 Tdkpa, . . , 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 Thochii, . . . 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan (written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), . 
 
 Serpa 
 
 Sdnw£r, . . , 
 
 Giirung, . . . 
 
 Milrmi, . . , 
 
 Magar, . . ■ , 
 
 Thdksya, . . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . , 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 I-pe. 
 
 Par-ye. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Teje. 
 
 Ak-shi. 
 
 Cho-vo. 
 
 BJiyd. 
 
 Tschd-thamba, gyd-thamba.. 
 
 Gyd, gyd-thdmbd. 
 
 Gyd. 
 
 Swai-kd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bokal-gnd. 
 
 Caret. " 
 
 Bhrd. ■ ' 
 
 Saya. 
 
 Gtin-sdnho, sat-chi. 
 
 Thi-bong-gip. 
 
 % 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kirinti, . . . . . Caret. 
 
 Rodong Caret. 
 
 Rdngchenbung, . . . Caret. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Caret. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Caret. 
 
 Wdling, Caret. 
 
 Y£kha, Maknai-bong. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Caret. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Caret. 
 
 Thulungya, . . ■, . Gno-sang. 
 
 Bdhingya, Gno-asing. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Ip-pong-pong. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Caret. 
 
 BdMli , . .- . Caret., ■ .,.,_ 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .■ . ... . Caret.; 
 
 Dilmi, . . . ... . Caret. . _ 
 
 Khdling, Khdl-bhong, 
 
 Dungmili, ..... Caret. ■ "' 
 
 Ddrhi, Sou. 
 
 Denwdr So. 
 
 Pahri, Sd-chi. 
 
 Chepdng, . . .' . . Caret: 
 
 Bhrimu, Caret. 
 
 Vdyu, Uning-cholok, kolu-goi-eholok, 
 
 Kuswar, Sou. ' [«.i?. one score of hands. 
 
 Kusunda, . . . . '. Caret. * 
 
 Thiru, ...... Sau.. 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 '^ 
 
 I 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), ' 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Khd-phd-gnon. 
 Khe-gnd. ■ 
 
 
 
 fBodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchiri, 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Nc^gii, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khitri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsiing Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Nd.gd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman (taritten), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . 
 Kiimi, . 
 Mni V, Toung, 
 Sdk, . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhi 
 Santdli, 
 Bhdraij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjraahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . , 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karnd^aka, mod., 
 Tujuva, 
 Kurgi, . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j 
 K(5ta, . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . 
 Malabar, 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 um 
 
 Bisha-ba. 
 
 Nd-bisa, na-long-bisha. 
 
 San. 
 
 Rung-bonga. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chdmd. 
 
 Pu-gd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ru-krd. 
 
 Kre. 
 
 Chd-the. 
 
 Ro-kru. 
 
 Mestmg-phungii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Uying-uyingko. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 La-tsd. 
 
 Ta-rd. 
 
 Ta-yi, ta-yd. 
 
 Kla-At. 
 
 Ta-rd. 
 
 Chnm-wd-ri. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ta-yd. 
 
 Ka-lun. 
 
 Tk'zdh, tdgdyah. 
 
 L'yah. 
 
 Ta-loyen. 
 
 Hpat 
 
 Mot-tram. 
 
 Roi, rde-nung. 
 
 Pak. 
 
 Pdk. 
 
 Hoi. 
 
 Mi-sau. 
 
 Moy-hissi. 
 
 Mane-issi. 
 
 Sau. 
 
 Se. 
 
 Midso. 
 
 Sau. 
 
 Nur, so. 
 
 Nur. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nuru. 
 
 Hein-kodi. 
 
 Chovi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 So/io. 
 
 Molloyiko4i. 
 
 Niiru. :■;' 
 
 Pattupadula." ■ ■ 
 
 Pdnch vodi {pdtieh koqi ?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nupi. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Nura. 
 
 Niiru, vanda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Niiru. 
 
 Niidu. 
 
 Niiru. 
 
 Onnur. 
 
 Vaddmir. 
 
 Nur. 
 
 Nuru. 
 
 Nuru, 
 
 Niiru. 
 
 Niiru. 
 
 Siya. 
 
48 
 
 JE— ICH— I— YA-EGO. 
 
 [chap. II.— pronouns. 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, . . 
 (Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, , . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, - . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Silnwdr, . . . 
 
 Gurung, . . . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . , . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pakhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rilngchenbiing, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, , 
 
 Waling, . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, , . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . , . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, , . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiifdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Aham {asmat). 
 Ana. 
 
 Ni, nik, lieu, neiik, neur, 
 
 Mina. \iieurk. 
 
 En. 
 
 Ben. 
 
 Sayray. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 A'ku. 
 
 Kiila. 
 
 A'ku. 
 
 Wo. 
 
 Wo. 
 Ngo. 
 Ngu. 
 
 Gba. 
 Ware, 
 
 washi, ko-chira, 
 \kono-ho. 
 
 Gnb. 
 
 Gnd, gnd-yo. 
 
 One, nyi. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Chi, kd. 
 
 Mi, hi, abu. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Gnyd. 
 
 Gild. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Ghydng. 
 
 Ma. 
 
 Ji- 
 
 Ingd. 
 
 A'nka. 
 
 Ka, ka-nga, ing-ka. 
 
 Ant;, awka, vnq-ka. 
 
 A'kd. 
 
 Kd, kd-gnd. 
 
 Ini:;-ka, aiig-ka. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Ung-gii. 
 
 Ko-gnd. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Kd, kd-gnd, 
 
 Kd, kd-gnd. 
 
 Kd, kd-gnd. 
 
 Kd-gnd. 
 
 Ung, dng-gnu. 
 
 Ung. 
 
 Ang-ka, ing-ka. 
 
 Md-i. 
 
 Mi'i-i. 
 
 Niing,Jd. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Md-ha. 
 
 Chi. 
 
 Hang. 
 
 Go. 
 Gnd. 
 
 
 
 a 
 h 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, , . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 _Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . , . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 f Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Riitluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, , . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 ' Tamil, anc, , , 
 
 Tami], mod., . 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Malaydlma, mod 
 
 Telugu,' . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Kariidtaka, mod. 
 
 Tujuva, 
 
 Kurgi, . 
 
 Toduva, ) 
 
 Toda, j 
 
 K(5ta, . 
 
 Badaga, 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruja, . 
 
 Malabar, 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Ang. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Mu-i. 
 
 A'ng. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ei. 
 Kit. 
 
 Tau. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Nyi. 
 
 Ngai, 
 
 Ngo. 
 
 Ngo. 
 
 A'n. 
 
 Ngai. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Kyi. 
 
 Kd-i. 
 
 Kd-i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Awai. 
 
 Yd, ydh. 
 
 Yer. 
 
 Khwa. 
 
 Koung. 
 
 Toi. 
 
 K/id. 
 
 Kau. 
 
 Kau. 
 
 Kit, ong. 
 
 I'ng 
 
 Aing. 
 
 Ing, inge. 
 
 Ing. 
 
 Enan. 
 
 Ing. 
 
 En. 
 
 Mdnu, anna. 
 
 Nana. 
 
 Nan-na. 
 
 An, 
 
 An. 
 
 Nanna, nan. 
 
 Ana. 
 
 In {ingPj, 
 
 Nanu, 
 
 A'nu, 
 
 Gnd, 
 
 Nai-sa. 
 
 Nd-nu, 
 
 Hd-me, hd-tni, 
 
 Ydn. 
 
 Ndn. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Nydn, 
 
 Ntnu, 
 
 A'n, 
 
 Ndnu, 
 
 En, 
 
 Ndnu, 
 
 Ojie, 
 
 A'nu. 
 
 A'ne. 
 
 Nd, nd-nu. 
 
 Nd, ndnu. 
 
 Ndtm, nd, 
 
 Ndn, ydn. 
 
 Ma, ■ 
 
CHAP. IT.— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 TU— DU-THOU— TI— TU. 
 
 49 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 If 
 
 ■■g (Sanski^it, . . '. ' 
 
 TwAm {twat, yushmat). 
 
 ^. 
 
 I, (Arabic, . 
 
 
 Anta. 
 
 (^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 Hi, Ink; zu, ztik.' 
 Sina. 
 
 ^' . 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 Te. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 Sen. .. ,, - . 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 Weyru. ^ - - '^■ 
 
 1 
 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 Shen. ■ ■■ ■.'■■■'i 1.1.,;.;.. . 
 
 ^ 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 Tschi,tchi. r......... , 
 
 .fe 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 Si. ■ 
 
 r 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Kowe. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Sampeyan. 
 
 f! 
 
 
 ^ Malay, .... 
 
 Angkau. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ^ Chinese, Nankin, , 
 
 Ni. 
 
 f*! 
 
 b^ 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Ni. 
 
 . - 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Ni. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Nung.. 
 
 a 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Li. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 L Japanese, 
 
 
 Nanji. 
 
 ■h ■ 
 
 . Braliuf, 
 
 
 Ni. „„„>,;.,'..? ^:...iV ■} . ■ 
 
 
 :^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 „•;•-?, '^ii 
 
 , ^/ ■ ■■ ■••■.■■.S..v:^^-'. 
 
 ^ "- 
 
 i^ 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 Sdn-rk. • '-■-" 
 
 
 h 
 
 Titkpa, . 
 
 
 /'. 
 
 ^ 
 
 k 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 Nb. ' 
 
 1 
 
 a , 
 
 Thochd, . 
 
 
 KwA, kwe. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 Chhd. 
 
 K ■ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 Ni. 
 
 8 
 
 .8 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Khyod. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . 
 
 KhL 
 
 
 'Serpa, 
 
 Khyo. 
 
 
 
 Stinw^r, . 
 
 
 Gai. 
 
 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 
 Kkn. 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 Ai. 
 
 
 "§ ■ 
 
 Magar, . 
 
 « 
 
 Ndngi 
 
 
 s^ 
 
 Th£tksya, . 
 
 
 Gna. 
 
 
 I 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 Ta. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 Chha. 
 Khene. 
 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 KhanA ikhana t). 
 
 .« 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 KhAna. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Rilngchenbung, . . 
 
 KhAna. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtingya, . . 
 
 HAna {hanA 1). 
 
 1 
 
 ^^ 
 
 N^chhereng, . . . 
 
 Ana. 
 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 HAna, kliAna. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 
 Ing-khi, 'nk/ti. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 Gno-me, unu. 
 
 
 a 
 
 Kukmgya, 
 
 
 A'na. 
 
 
 f ' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 GAna. 
 
 
 
 Bihingya, . 
 
 
 Ga. 
 
 
 ■■a 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 'A'na, hAna. 
 
 
 B 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 , . . 
 
 KhAna. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 A'na. . ...... 
 
 
 Sing-p^ng, ' 
 
 
 A'na.. ' -', , ;, ;:,.,- .; ;.. 
 
 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 .'■■.'"." 
 
 In, Anu: . 
 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 In. 
 
 
 
 ^ Dungmstli, 
 
 
 HAna. 
 
 
 
 'Dirhi, . . 
 
 
 Ta-i. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 Tti-i. 
 
 1 
 
 t 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 Chhung, chhi. 
 
 >^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 NAng. 
 
 g " 
 
 r§' 
 
 Bhr£mu, . 
 
 
 NAng. 
 
 1 
 
 f^ 
 
 Viy\x,'- ,v 
 
 
 Gon. 
 
 c^ 
 
 s 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 TA-ha. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, .' 
 
 
 Nu. ' 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 _ Th^iru,'. . , 
 
 
 Tong. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), - '. 
 
 Hau. 
 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lh 
 
 opa,' . 
 
 QhM. 
 
 
 Bode, . . 
 
 Dhimill, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung N^g^ 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndrasdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Cliutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou. 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kiimi, . . 
 Mrii v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 Santdli, 
 Bhilmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, . . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tami], mod. 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tujuva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, I 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Nang. 
 
 NA. 
 
 Tu-i. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nung. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 No. 
 
 Nangma. 
 
 NA. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 No-na. 
 
 No. 
 
 No, Ani. 
 
 Nang, ni. 
 
 Nang, mang. 
 
 Nen, men. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nan. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Bai. 
 
 Nah, tha. 
 
 Ncr. 
 
 NA. 
 
 Anh, maii. 
 
 Ren, tua, inung. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Mail. 
 
 Tea. 
 
 Um. 
 
 Um {Am ?). 
 
 A'm, umge. 
 
 A'm (am ?). 
 
 Ni-en. 
 
 Am (am f) 
 
 Nin. 
 
 Imma, imme. 
 
 Ime. 
 
 Imd. 
 
 Niwa. 
 
 Niwa. 
 
 Nima. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Am. 
 
 Ninu. 
 
 Yi-nu. 
 
 Aman. 
 
 No. 
 
 Ni-nu. 
 
 Yi-ke, tu-myi, tu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Nivu. 
 
 Nin. 
 
 Ninu. 
 
 I. 
 
 Nin. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni-ye, ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni, nir. 
 
 To. 
 
IL-ER-HE (SHE, IT)-ON-ILLE, 
 
 [CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■•| ( Sanskrit, 
 %, (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 s.« 
 
 h 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, . . . , 
 Magyar, ... 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 <; 
 
 Sas, sd, tat 
 Hon, he. 
 
 Hura, ark. 
 
 Han. 
 
 0. 
 
 O, ol. 
 
 Sisha. 
 
 Igi, iinan. 
 
 Tere, ene, fere. 
 
 Tere, i. 
 
 Dewe. 
 
 Piyambak. 
 
 I'ya. 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Td. 
 
 K'ii. 
 
 YL 
 
 I. 
 
 Kare. 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, Dd. 
 
 •Gyiimi, Thd. 
 
 Gy^rung, Gnd-pos, wati'c. 
 
 Takpa, Pe, be. 
 
 Mdnyak, Thi. 
 
 Thochii, Kwdn-td-cha. 
 
 Sokpa, Thd. 
 
 Horpa, Ja,jya. 
 
 Tibetan (^written), . . Kho. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Khn. 
 
 ' Serpa, Khwo. 
 
 Siinwdr, Hari. 
 
 Giirung, Thi. 
 
 Milrrni The. 
 
 Magar, Hos. 
 
 Thaksxa, Ghana, h'nii. 
 
 Pdkhya, U-kya. 
 
 Newdr, Wo. 
 
 Limbu, Khune. 
 
 fKirdnti, Moko. 
 
 Rodong, Khu, tydlio, hydko. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Oko, moko, eu-hydko. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Yoko, mogo, mogwa. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Manka, yako. 
 
 Waling, Aya, hayako, moko. 
 
 Ydkha, Ikhi, khena, yona, viona. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Time, yome, yame. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Ndko, miiko, netako. 
 
 Thiikingya, .... Hdna. 
 
 IJdhingya, .... Harem, igo, mogo. 
 
 Lohoi-ong, .... Mi, mo, mo-nu. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Ako, mona, yona, toma. 
 
 Bdldli, Mo, kho. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Moko, meko. 
 
 Dumi, Momi, yakdm, mam. 
 
 Khdling, Tarn, yakdm, mam. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Miigo. 
 
 { Ddrhi, U. 
 
 Denwdr, /• 
 
 Pahri, ....... Ho, u. 
 
 Chepdng, U. 
 
 Bhrdmu, U. 
 
 Vdyu, Mu ; ivdtld ; a, i. 
 
 Kuswar, Hn-lo, hd-lo. 
 
 Kusunda, Isi,it, gidaitokpyal). 
 
 Thdrii, U-tii. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Hen. 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . , Khb. 
 
 % 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 £i. 
 
 &> 
 
 s 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 Wd. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 
 On-i. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 U'. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Ma. 
 
 "8 
 
 MithdnNdgd, . . 
 
 
 Mih. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Tau-pd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 
 Fan. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Me. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 A'te. 
 
 I ■ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Pd. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Pd. 
 
 s 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Bu, no. 
 
 s 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Bit. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Bare-ni. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 KM. 
 
 •§ 
 
 ' Burman (wriiten), 
 
 
 Su. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken,). 
 
 
 Th?^, iho. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Ni. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Ha-nd-i. 
 
 s 
 
 Kiimi, - . . . 
 
 
 Hie. 
 
 "1 
 
 Mni v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 I; 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Nyd. 
 
 g 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Awa-i, au. 
 
 S 
 
 Pwo-karen, . •. 
 
 
 Ur. 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Wa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . , 
 
 
 Koung-nick. 
 
 h 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 A't, no. 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Koimg-ni, man. 
 
 !5 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Heu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Man. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Man, tan. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . , 
 
 
 A'i, a'io. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 ltd. 
 
 
 Santdli, , , . 
 
 
 Hiini, uni, ona. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 
 Ini. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Asdn. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Inni. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 A'th. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Hore ; war ; wnr. 
 
 .C 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Wor ; war; imer. 
 
 •§ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Ad. 
 
 ■a 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Oiind ; ad. 
 
 1 
 
 KolaiTtii, . . . 
 
 
 Ad 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Woru ; oru. 
 
 
 Mddia, ... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Hdn. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . , . 
 
 
 Ado. 
 
 
 Khond, . . , 
 
 
 Yanjuj toliyadu; monju. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . .' 
 
 
 Ani. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 Tiilokku ! tiilo ; tiilo. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 
 
 Avanii ; avail/, paidi ; adii. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Vu; vamhi; maydta ; vahe 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . • 
 
 
 A kudu. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . '■ 
 
 
 Avan; aval; adu. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, : 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Avan; aval; ada. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Vadu ; anie ; adi. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Avam; aval. 
 
 >> 
 
 Karndtaka, mod.. 
 
 
 Avanu ; avalii ; adu. 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Aye; aval; av. 
 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Toduva, 1 
 Torla, S 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 Aduin, avan; aval ; adu. 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Avane; avale ; ade. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Ava; avla ; adu. 
 
 
 Kummba, 
 
 
 
 Avanu; avalu ; adu. 
 
 
 Iiida, . . 
 
 
 
 Ava; avla; adu. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Avan, aval, athu. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Ohu, al', eka. 
 
CHAP. II. — PRONOUNS. 
 
 NOUS— WIR— WE— MI— NOS. 
 
 5 J 
 
 < 
 
 Ty/ics. 
 
 % (Sansk'rit, 
 4, (Arabic, . . 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 §) Turkish, . . 
 
 ^ CiRCA.SSIAN, . 
 
 ghougian, . 
 
 1^ Mongolian, . 
 
 to Mantshu, 
 
 Javanhsh, Ngol< 
 Javanh.si',, Knama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, , . 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 Takpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochti, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 Tibetan (wriUen). 
 _ Tibetan (spoken,) 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 Siinwdv, 
 
 Gdrung, . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . , 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 ^" Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Ku.sunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bluttdni V. Lhopa, 
 
 
 t; 
 
 /l'7'ii///,^ vayain} 
 Nahiia. 
 
 Gil, Giik. 
 
 Mc. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Biz. 
 
 Tiyni. 
 
 Cliwcii. 
 
 Bida. 
 
 Be. 
 
 Akii. 
 
 Kiila. 
 
 K(Uiii, k'lta. 
 
 Wo-mtn. 
 
 Wo-intn. 
 Ngo-ii. 
 Ngu-ni. 
 Ldn. 
 
 Warera. 
 
 Nan. 
 
 Gno-me. 
 
 VS. 
 
 Gna-rd. 
 
 A-di'tr^ a-jit} 
 
 Ch Aklarchikit ^ clieuii . ' 
 
 Mi-ni. 
 
 Gna-ni, gna-riggi, rigya. 
 
 Na-cliag. 
 
 Gnd-njo. 
 
 Ni-rang. 
 Gov-ki. 
 Grii-mo. 
 Gna-ni. 
 Kan-kurik. 
 
 Ghyang-si ; ^ ghyang-cha. '■ 
 Caret. 
 Ji-ping. 
 
 kanga-na. 
 
 Ankan. 
 
 Kai, ka-i ;^ ka.^ 
 
 Ung-kan;'^ ung-kanka.^' 
 
 Kana-na, 
 
 Kai;^ ka} 
 
 I-ka^ u-ka^ kong-kai-ka.^ 
 
 Kani;^ ka!^ 
 
 Ungi^n-iiclia. 
 
 Kekd-d, ko-i; ko-ni. 
 
 Go-hi ;'^ go-i.^ \_go-ku.'^ 
 
 Gosi ; ' gosuku ; " Go-i;^ 
 
 Kdchi ;^ kdchika;^ kdni,^ 
 
 Kdnchhi^^ etc. [kdningka.^ 
 
 Xdchif kdchika; ikinf ikka.^ 
 
 Kdchi^ etc. ; kayi ;^ kani!^ 
 
 Ichif ochuf iki f ogne." 
 
 Inchi ;^ ancku ;^ i'k;'' ok." 
 
 Anchd-kdche^ etc. ; inkan- 
 
 „, . \ga ;^ ankan.'' 
 
 Ha-mi. ^ 
 
 Ila-mi. 
 
 Jd-di. 
 
 Ngi-lum. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Go-khdta. 
 
 Hd-mi. 
 
 Tok-jhigna ;'^ cho-baki} 
 
 Hang-du;'^ Jiang-log!^ 
 
 Kayti, kd. 
 Gud-chd. 
 
 
 .1- 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dliimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 ' Munipiiri, 
 Mftlidn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 IClidri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 1 Nowgong Ndgd 
 Tengsa, Mdgd,, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sib.sdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shoii. 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, ... 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, , . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Goncli, 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . , 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Kcikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 ' Tami], anc. , , 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Karn dtaka, mod . , 
 
 Tukiva, 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 
 Toduva, ) 
 
 Tod a, ) 
 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Irula, . . . 
 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 Jong (jong-e/i/tr). 
 Ky-el. 
 
 lid III- i. 
 
 Niiig. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ei-khoi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Akaii. 
 
 Awe. 
 
 Niiiid. 
 
 Aiiiiflk. 
 
 AlJiala. 
 
 Ngolii. 
 
 Ngosin. 
 
 Jam-ran. 
 
 I. 
 
 Nga-to. 
 
 Ngd-iio. 
 
 Kill-in. 
 
 Ka-cld. 
 
 Kd-i-no. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Fwd. 
 
 Pwai. 
 
 Pwi-dah. 
 
 Nc. 
 
 Koung-nikt. 
 
 Kyuiig-tdi. 
 
 Khd-aen, ran. 
 
 Ran. 
 
 Hail. 
 
 Hail. 
 
 A'l/e, dliii. 
 
 A'liiig;^ die.'' 
 
 A'liiig,^ dlaiig ;'^ die, dliaii.' 
 
 A'k (?). 
 
 En. 
 
 Allege. 
 
 Nam, oin. 
 
 A' mot. 
 
 Mainad. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ale (?). 
 
 Anandun. 
 
 Mam. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ale. 
 
 Naiig. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mo-ni. 
 
 Ne-yam. 
 
 Namii, nain-httrii. 
 
 Hamc. 
 
 Yam. 
 
 N'aiii, iiaiigal. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nam, giia-iigal. 
 
 Meimi, manamu. 
 
 Am. 
 
 N'avii. 
 
 Enklii. 
 
 Eng. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Am, em. 
 
 Ye-nge. 
 
 Ye-ngal, ye-ngla. 
 
 Ye-nga. 
 
 Navii. 
 
 Ndm, iiangal. 
 
 Api. 
 
52 
 
 
 
 
 
 VOUS— I? 
 
 Types. 
 
 1 (Sanskrit, .... Yuvam,"' yuyam.'^ 
 
 \ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 Aiitom. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bask, 
 
 
 Zuek. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 Te. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 Ti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . . . 
 
 
 Siz. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 
 Sorisher. 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 Tlikwen. 
 
 i 
 
 MONGOUAN, . . . 
 
 
 Ta. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantsuu, . . 
 
 
 Souwc, soiie. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Kowe. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Sampeyan. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Kdmu. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Ni-men. 
 
 ^o 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Ni-men. 
 
 '■5 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Ni-ti. 
 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 
 Nd, nwig-nd. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Lin. 
 
 
 ^ Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Nanjira. 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 
 
 Num. 
 
 "<i 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Ni-me. 
 
 K 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 
 
 
 Nyo. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 
 
 
 I-rd. 
 
 k 
 
 Man yak. 
 
 
 
 
 Non-dur. 
 
 ■CS 
 
 Thoclul, 
 
 
 
 
 Kwhiiko, k7tia-nik-lar. 
 
 ^ 
 '^l 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Clilii-id. 
 
 S^ 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 Ni-iii, /li-riggi. 
 
 ij 
 
 Tibetan (loriikn), 
 
 
 . Xhyod-chag. 
 
 6 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 Khe-7ijo. 
 
 
 ■ Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 K/iyo-rang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Siinwdr, 
 
 
 
 
 Gaiv-ki. 
 
 1 
 
 Gdrung, 
 
 
 
 
 Ken-mo, 
 
 .3 
 
 Murmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Ai-ni. 
 
 t! < 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 Ndng-Jiurik. 
 
 J. 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 
 
 
 Gni-si -^ gna-cliar 
 
 i 
 
 Pikhya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 t 
 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 Chha-ping. 
 Khenili. 
 
 Khananin. 
 Khdna-i, kliain-i. 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Klidiid-niii ; kJidnd-iia. 
 
 
 Chhingtangya, 
 
 
 
 Hdnd-nina. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nachhereng, . 
 
 
 
 A'nd-i, dn-nimo. 
 
 % 
 
 Waling, . . 
 
 
 
 Hdnd-iii. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Iiikhi-ni, 'nkJu-ni. 
 
 "S 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 Uuu, gnomc-ticha. 
 
 [^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 A' nd-i, dn-i. 
 
 ■«, " 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Gdn-i. 
 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Gasi;^ gani? 
 Hdiidchi;^ Iidnina.'^ 
 
 ;:; 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 lOtdndchi ;^ khdndni? 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Andchi ;'^ d/iin.'' 
 
 Sdng-pang, . 
 
 
 
 A'/ldr/ii ;' d/idili.^ 
 
 
 I.)uini, . 
 
 
 
 . Yix/ii;^ diii.'^ 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Vedii,'^ aiiclii ;^ yen :' 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 . Ildndcke;^ IiananinJ' 
 
 
 ■ Darhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Ta-he. 
 
 J 
 
 lOcnwdr, . 
 
 
 
 . To-ho. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Chhd-di. 
 
 % 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 Ning-luin. 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 Bhrdmu, , 
 
 
 
 Nimg. 
 
 t; 
 
 Vdyu, . . , 
 
 
 
 Gone-kJiata. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 Tu-tni. 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 Nok-jJiigna i^ noki-baki.^ 
 
 =5 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tong-du,^ tu-sal.'^ 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Hdyi'i. 
 
 
 Blultdni V. 
 
 Lhop 
 
 % 
 
 
 Klidchd. 
 
 VOUS— IHR— YE— VI— vos. 
 
 [CHAP II.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 So 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 \ 
 i. 
 
 
 ■ S 
 a 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman [written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, , 
 Kumi, . . . 
 Mrti V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, , 
 Aliom, 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 Gondi, . 
 
 Ga)'eti, 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gad aba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 _ Chentsu, 
 
 Tami], anc, . 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 Malay d] ma, anc, 
 
 Malaydjma, mod. 
 
 Telugu, . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Kanidlaka, mod. 
 
 Tukiva, 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 Toduva, ) 
 
 Toda, j 
 
 K6ta, . . 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Irula, . 
 
 Malabar, . 
 ^ Sinhalese, . 
 
 Nang-elmr. 
 
 Ny-el. 
 
 Tum-i. 
 
 Nan-ok. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ntmg-khoi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ni-khala. 
 
 No-to-leli. 
 
 Nemd. 
 
 Na-kara. 
 
 Na-khala. 
 
 No-lu. 
 
 No-tu-sm. 
 
 Jdkttgro-ni. 
 
 Ni-iheng. 
 
 Nang-to. 
 
 Nen-do. 
 
 Nang-ni. 
 
 Nan-chi. 
 
 Nang-chi-no. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bin-tau. 
 
 Thu. 
 
 Nwi-dah. 
 
 Nd-the. 
 
 Illsuh-niht. 
 
 Kyvng-hay. 
 
 Aen, su. 
 
 Kkau. 
 
 Mau-su. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'ppe. 
 
 Ape (?). 
 
 Aben / dpe.'^ 
 
 A'pe (?). 
 
 Asu. 
 
 Inkoghi. 
 
 JSfina. 
 
 Unde, immet. 
 
 Im. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'pe (?). 
 
 Niwa. 
 
 Mirad. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ape. 
 
 Ne. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Aman. 
 
 Pen. 
 
 Ning-alu, avaru. 
 
 Te, tu-myi. 
 
 Ni-vir. 
 
 Nir, ninga/. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ning-al. 
 
 Mi-ru. 
 
 Mm. 
 
 Ni-vii. 
 
 Jniikulu. 
 
 Nuig. 
 
 Namma. 
 
 Niv. 
 
 Ning-e. 
 
 Ning-la. 
 
 Ning-a. 
 
 Niv. 
 
 Niu-gal. 
 
 Topi. 
 
CHAP. 11.— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 ILS— SIE— THEY-ONI-ILLI. 
 
 53 
 
 Types, 
 
 ^0 
 
 
 1 (Sanskrit, . .' . . 
 
 Tau,i te^ tdni} 
 
 <^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 Horn. 
 
 "N 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 Ayek. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 He. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 Ok. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 Anlar. 
 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 Arisher. 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 Igini.. ,: 
 
 ■Si 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 Ete, eteger, tcdet. 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 Tese, tche. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 JDewe. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Piyambak. 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Pya. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Ta-mtn. 
 
 fcui 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Ta-min. 
 
 •£3 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 K'u-ti. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Yi-ldh. 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 In. 
 
 
 ^ Japanese, 
 
 
 Karera. 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 Ddfk. •':■;;■&: 
 
 :i 
 
 ' Gydmi, . 
 
 
 Tha-mL ''' 
 
 t; 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 Yapos. 
 
 ^3 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 
 Pe-rd. 
 
 .fe 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 Thi-dur. 
 
 
 Thochu, , 
 
 
 Tdho, thdk-lar. 
 
 i 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 Tha-ni. 
 
 § 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 Ji-ni, ji-riggi. 
 
 K 
 
 Tibetan {written). 
 
 Kho-chag. 
 
 s 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 Khb-njo. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 Khwo-rang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 
 
 Harev-ki. 
 
 1 
 
 Gtirung, . 
 
 
 Thi-mo. 
 
 5 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 The-ni. ' -; 
 
 ■g * 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 Hos-Mrik. 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 
 H'mi-si^ Hmi-chd} 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Newdr, . 
 
 
 Wo-ping. 
 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 KJfitnchi. 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 Moko-chi. 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 Khu-i, khu-chu, hay-i. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 
 Moko. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 Yo-go, yo-gwdna. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 
 Yako-i, maka-i. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 Haya-ni, moko-ni, hayalt. 
 
 t 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 Ikhi-ni, yona-ni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 
 Yome-ticha. 
 
 a^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 Ndko-ni. 
 
 ■s," 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 Hanom-mim, hanom-nu. 
 
 r't 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 Haremdd-si;^ haremdd.' 
 
 "J* 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 . Mdhd-chi^ etc. ; mihdna." 
 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 c 
 > 
 
 Yona-chi^ etc. ; yokha, etc 
 
 ,5 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 . 'Khochi-hippang ;^ khochi!' 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 Mokochi ;^ mekpni,\ttc. 
 
 
 Ddmi,' . . 
 
 
 Ydkdm-su ; ^ yakam-ham. " 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 Omsa;^ am-ham.^ 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 . Mu^ moko-chi;^ mu-kha.' 
 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 U-nin: 
 
 Ih 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 U-ho: 
 
 f 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 U-si, ho-si. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 Wo-niai. 
 
 1 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 Hu-du. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 Mii-khata, ko-me, d-me. 
 
 s 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 Hu-ri, hd-ri, hd-ring. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 Gida-jhigna ; ' gida-baki? 
 
 0^ 
 
 Thim,. . ■ 
 
 
 U-nudu i"- u-sal!" '■ 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 Hbyii. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. U 
 
 ibpa, . 
 
 Khbng. ■ r 
 
 05 
 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khciri Ndgi, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 Burnjian {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Kilrai, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdic, . . .' 
 
 Talaiii v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . , 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gad aba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil,' anc. , . 
 .Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toqla, j 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . ; 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Bi-chur. 
 
 V-bal. 
 
 Un-i. 
 
 On-ok, won-ok. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ma-khoi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tung-khala. 
 
 To-thete. 
 
 Sening. 
 
 Yau. 
 
 ceo 
 Bulu. 
 
 Ullu-bullu. 
 
 Bario. 
 
 Khini. 
 
 Su-to, Thu-to. 
 Thu-do. 
 Ni-di, ni-li. 
 Ifun-na, ha-ni-chi. 
 Caret. 
 . Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Nyi-tau. 
 
 Ama-i-tha, ya-ive-da. 
 Athi-wc. 
 Wd-t/ie. 
 Mau-niht. 
 Kyung-no. 
 Loung-ni, khaiiarai. 
 Khreu. 
 Man-khau. 
 Caret. 
 
 A'ko. 
 Onko (?). 
 Ondkin;'^ onko.^ 
 Onko (?). 
 Onko (?). 
 A'nko. 
 
 A'sabar, dwar. 
 Hurk, wurk. 
 Wor. 
 Ad (?). 
 Ound (?). 
 Awar. 
 Worn. 
 Caret. 
 Arko. 
 Ado (?). 
 Caret. 
 Am. 
 Mai. 
 
 Ttla, avallu. 
 Vamhi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avar, avargal. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avara. 
 
 Varu. 
 
 Avar. 
 
 Avaru. 
 
 Akulu. 
 
 Avaru. 
 
 Adam. 
 
 Avar adain. 
 
 Avare. 
 
 Avaka. 
 
 Avaru. 
 
 Aduru. 
 
 Averkal, avei. 
 
 Oimm. 
 
54 
 
 MIEN— MEIN— MINE— MOI—MEUS. 
 
 [chap. II. — PRONOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 t 
 
 Bodo, .... 
 
 . . A'ngni. 
 
 ■g _j Sanskrit, . 
 "1, (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 Madiya. 
 . -i. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch; 
 Garo, . 
 
 . , . 
 
 . . Kdng. 
 
 , . Mor, dngni. 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Nere. 
 
 fei 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, . , 
 
 
 
 Mmtin. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 
 . . Ei-gi. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 . -m. 
 
 1 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 . . Kukuhe. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 -im. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 . . Tesei. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, , 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 . . Ni. 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Cheni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Minu, mini. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 . . Nga. 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 . Mini. 
 
 ja 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 . . Ka. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 . -hi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, , 
 
 . . Ngaichi. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 . Kula. 
 
 S 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 . . Ngoke. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Aku-pujiya. 
 
 § 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 . . Ngoke. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 . Wo-tih. 
 
 • (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 . . Anyo. 
 
 ti^ 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 . Wo-ti. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 . . Ngena. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 . Ngo-ke. 
 
 l' 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 . . Ngdi. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 . Ngu-koh. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman (sfoken), . 
 
 . . Ngdi. 
 
 ^i; 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 . Gba-t 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 . . Ki-ko. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Watakusimto. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 . . Kd-i-un. 
 
 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 KUmi, . . . . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 . ' JiTand. 
 
 I 
 
 Mni v. Toung, . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gyimi, . . 
 
 
 
 . Gfio-ti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 K 
 
 Gyarung, . . 
 
 
 
 . Gnd, 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, . 
 
 . . Kharu-awd'i. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Gne-kii. 
 
 .8 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 . . Y'wa'tdah. 
 
 b 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 . A-i. 
 
 
 Pwo-karen, . , 
 
 . . Y'wadah. 
 
 1 
 
 Thochii, . , 
 
 
 
 Kdk-chi. 
 
 H 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 N - 
 
 Shdn, . , . . . 
 
 , . Khoufig-kau. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 . Gnd-d. 
 
 
 Anna'mitic, . 
 
 . Toi-minh. 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 
 
 Nahi, nayi. 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 Khon-kha. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (stolien). 
 
 
 
 Gnayi. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 Au (?), kau. 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 'Q 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 Kau. 
 
 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Gna ti. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ■V* 
 
 1 
 
 Siinw^r, . . 
 Gilrung, . . 
 Milrmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 Pikhya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 . Ake. 
 
 . Gnd Id. 
 
 Gnd Id. ''^'''U^i 
 
 Gnou. ■'■':"'•";■ 
 
 Ghyang-ge. 
 
 Mero. 
 
 Ji-gu, ji-mha. 
 
 Ingd-in. 
 
 
 f Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singl 
 Santdli, 
 Bhumij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali 
 Gondi, . 
 
 ibhum). 
 
 . Inya. 
 
 Jyan. 
 
 Ting ; ing-red. 
 
 Inya. 
 
 Enghi. 
 . Jhdtand. 
 
 Ongki. 
 
 Ndvd dngdo, ndwd. 
 
 
 ' Kirinti, . . 
 
 
 
 Ang-ko. 
 
 ,g 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 Idana, awd. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 A', ang, ang-ma. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 . Ndwd. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Ang, ang-ko. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ " 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 . Anet. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 A', dkwa, ako-o. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 Aneten. 
 
 .-i 
 
 Nachhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Arig-mi. 
 
 c3 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 . Ndwd. 
 
 1 
 
 Wiling, , . 
 
 
 
 A', dng-pik. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 f 
 
 Ydkha, . , 
 
 
 
 A'-ga. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 . Ing. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 A', d-leme. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 . Namtu. 
 
 !ii 
 
 Kuliingya, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khoi,i(,l, 
 
 
 . Ndnde. 
 
 §-■ 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 A', dmd. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 Grdnatc. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, ,,, . 
 
 
 
 A', wd, wd-ke. 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 Noinyo. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Ung, kdngd-mi. -■■'■"■' 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 . Nungudedi, nambw-udu. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Ang, urn, ung, kdkha. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 . Hamdr. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdUli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Um, ung, kdng-mi. 
 
 
 Tamil, anc. 
 
 ) . .. . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, , 
 
 
 
 A'n, ana-mi. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., , ; . 
 
 . Enadu, yennudaya. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 0,'o-po. 
 
 
 Malaydliha, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . . 
 
 
 
 A', d-po. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Enre. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Ang, ang-bi. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . , 
 
 Nddi, nayokka. 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 Ddrhi, .... 
 Denwdr, . . . 
 
 Pahri 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . . 
 Vdyu, .... 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 Thdru 
 
 
 
 Me-ro. 
 
 Mo-ra. 
 
 Nung-gu,jd-gu. 
 
 Ngd-lm. 
 
 Ngd-ku. 
 
 Aug, ang-mn. 
 
 Mdha-na, -im. 
 
 Chi-yi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1. 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karnataka, mod., . 
 Tuluva, . . . . 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Tocla, 1 . , . 
 
 K(5ta 
 
 Badaga, . . . , 
 Kurumba, . . , 
 
 . Caret. 
 . Nannadu. 
 
 Ennou. 
 
 Caret. 
 . Caret 
 
 Yennadu. 
 
 Yenuade. 
 
 Yennadu. 
 . Nanadu, yennadu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Irula, 
 
 . Nannadu, yennadu. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Kaseiisa. 
 
 
 Malabar, , . . . 
 
 . Ennudeyathu, enathu. 
 
 
 BhUtdni v. Lhopj 
 
 \, . 
 
 
 Gne-gi. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, , 
 
 . ..■ . 
 
 Magi. 
 
CHAP. II,— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 TIEN— DEIN— THINE— TVOI-TUUS. 
 
 ,55 
 
 Types. 
 
 •§ (Sanskrit, 
 "l^ (Arabic, . 
 
 a* 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 
 % 
 .s 
 
 t 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 Magyar, .... 
 Turkish, .... 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 MantShu, . . , 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay, .... 
 
 ^ 
 
 'S 
 
 ■^ 
 
 I 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, . . . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, : . \ . "i-v* 
 
 Gydrung, . . ... 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 Thochd, .... 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), . . 
 
 'Serpa, 
 
 Siinwdr, ... . . 
 
 Giirung, .■ • 
 
 Miirmi, .... 
 
 Magar, ■../•; '^^.^.r 
 Thdksya, . ....;,. '.-■ 
 Pdkhya, . . , ; ' .-' 
 New^, .... 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 ' Kirdnti, .... 
 Rodong, .... 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 Chhingtfegya, . . 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 Wdling, .... 
 Yikha, . . .- . 
 Chourdsya, . . . 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 Bdhingya, .... 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 •Lambichhong, ..,,.. 
 Bdlili, . . . ..;^_,.,: 
 Sing-pdng, ^ . ■-^^^^l_ 
 Ddmi, . . ;' '.; ,. 
 Khdling, .... 
 Dungm^li, . . . 
 
 Ddrhi, 
 
 Denwdr, .... 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Chepdng, .... 
 Bhrlmu, .... 
 Vdyu, ..... 
 Kuswar, . . . - . , 
 Kusunda, . ; . . 
 Thdru, . . . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim),v, 
 Bhiitini v. Lhopa,^ 
 
 Tuiadiya. 
 -ak, -ki (fem.). 
 
 Hire, zure. 
 
 Sintin. 
 
 -d. 
 
 -in, -ing. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Sheni. 
 
 Tschinu, tchini. 
 
 Sini. 
 
 -mu. 
 
 Sampeyan. 
 
 Angkan-punya. 
 
 Ni-tih. 
 
 Ni-ti. 
 
 Ni-ke. 
 
 Nimg-koh. 
 
 Li-t 
 
 Sonomonoto 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Ni-tt 
 
 M. 
 
 I-ku 
 
 Nb-t. 
 
 Kwek chi. 
 
 Caret. • 
 
 Ni-i. 
 
 Khyod-kyi. 
 
 Khe-yi. 
 
 Khyd-ti. 
 
 I'ke. . _,: ■■; 
 
 Kenld. ■-:■'' '■•, 
 
 Ai Id. . . ; . -^ ;•:.. - • -': 
 
 . Gnd-ye,:;:_: i.„ ■ ii-,;i;»i*i> rlv' 
 Tero. - ' - .';' ;;;^-^-- ■; 
 Chkang-gji. 
 X/iene-in. 
 
 Am-ko. 
 
 Khd, khd-mo. 
 
 A'm, dm-ko. 
 
 Hdiia,. Mnd-yakwa. 
 
 A'm, dm-mi, dn-nii. 
 
 A'm, dm-pik. ' ''■ ' 
 
 In-ga. . 
 
 I-leme. 
 
 Ammi. 
 
 I, ye-ma. 
 
 I, i-ke. . .„, 
 
 A'm, hdnd-mi. :_ . ,. : 
 
 A', dm, dn, khdnd-kha. 
 
 A', dm, dp, dm-mi. :_ ■ 
 
 Am, dm-mi. ' ■ 1" • 
 
 A:,d-po.] '■" : " 
 
 '/, in-po." 'V'" ':'.rl:'- 
 A'm, dm-bir ^" ',:" 
 
 Te-ro. 
 
 To-ra. 
 
 Chhung-gu. . 
 
 Ndng-ku. 
 
 Nang-ku. 
 
 Ung, ung-mu, 
 
 Talta-na ; -ir. 
 
 Niyi. 
 
 . Caret. > • 
 
 Hadosa. , , .._ .„;;,. 
 Chhe-gi. . ,; 
 
 1^ 
 
 to 
 
 Bodo, Ndng-ni. 
 
 Dhimdl, Ndng. 
 
 Kocch, Tor, nang-ni, 
 
 Garo, Nang-ni. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 k 
 
 Is 
 
 <^ 
 
 « 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 % 
 
 4 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Nilgd, . 
 TablungNdgi, , 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angitmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kiimi, ... . 
 Mrii v. Toung, .. 
 Sdk, .■ . . , 
 
 Talain v. Men, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdii, .... 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos - 
 
 Nung-gi. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Md 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Mechi. 
 
 Noke. 
 
 Noke, 
 
 Niyo, 
 
 Ndna. 
 
 Mangi, 
 
 Meni. 
 
 Nang-ko, 
 
 Nan-vn. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Kharu-hpa, 
 
 Nwdidah. 
 
 N'wadah. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khoung-moung. 
 
 Anh-minh. 
 
 Khoung-aeng, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Man. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Umma. 
 
 tJmmd. -■' '' a:"-*- - 
 Tdm; dm-rea {dmit). 
 Ummd. ■■•..-- 
 Ni-mghi. 
 A' mi-tana. 
 Nins'-ki. 
 
 Ho (Kol), -v-;/:', 
 Kol (Singhbhum),-'".' 
 Santdli, .. ., rr-; 
 Bhilmij, , . . . ■ ■'. 
 Urdon, .... 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjmahali, ... 
 
 Gondi, Nidvu-triand, niwd, 
 
 Gayeti, . . , ■. , Niwd, 
 Rutluk, . ... , . Niwd. 
 Naikude, . .'..-. Inet, 
 Kolami, . . " ~ , . Ineten. 
 
 Mddi, Niwd. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, A'ma. 
 
 Keikddi, Nimtu. 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . . 
 Yerukala, . . . / . 
 _ Chentsu, ,'.'"•■.., . 
 
 Tamil,' anc, . .■■■ . 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtakg,, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 Tujuva, Innou, 
 
 Kurgi, Caret, 
 
 Toduva, ) .... Caret, 
 Tod a, ) .... Ninnadu. 
 
 Kdta, Ninnade, 
 
 Badaga, . . . . - . Ninnadu. 
 Kurumba, . ' . . . Ninnadu. 
 
 Inila, Ninnadu. 
 
 Malabar, Umtnudiathu, umathu. 
 
 Sinhalese, Toge. 
 
 Minde. 
 
 Ammanate. , 
 Nenne. -;:,.. ";-. 
 
 Ningadeo, ninddidi'. 
 Thor, 
 
 Ninadu, 
 
 Unadu, unnudaya. 
 
 Caret 
 
 Ninra. 
 
 Nidi, niyokka. - 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ninnadu, 
 
56 
 
 SIEN— SEIN— HIS— EHO— SUUS. 
 
 [CHAP. 11.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 
 1 
 ■ft. 
 
 
 3 
 
 Types. 
 
 Sanskrit, 
 Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . , , 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 =^ 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydning, . 
 Tikpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan (writkn), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Siinw^, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, , 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorbrig, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, , 
 Paliri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, , 
 Thdru, . , 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Tadiya. 
 Ho. 
 
 Bere, areft. 
 
 Hanen. 
 
 -ja, -je. 
 
 -i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thwyesi. 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Terei, ini, 
 
 -e. 
 
 -ipU7l. 
 
 Pya-punya. 
 
 Ta-tih. 
 Ta-ti. 
 Kii-ke. 
 Yi-koh. 
 I-t 
 Anofitonoto. 
 
 Dana. 
 
 Tha-ti. 
 Wd. 
 Pk-kv. 
 Thi-o. 
 
 TMkchi, hvandkchi. 
 Caret. 
 Jyd-a. 
 
 Khb-yi, khb-hi. 
 Khb-yi. 
 
 Khwo-ti. 
 Hared-ke, mere-ke. 
 
 Thi-ld.^ 
 The-ld. 
 Ho-chu. 
 Hini-ye. 
 
 Usai-ko. 
 
 JVaya-gii. 
 Khune-in. 
 
 Mbsb. 
 
 U, 0, um, khu-77w. 
 
 U, 0, mo-so, ya-u-so. 
 
 U, mo-gwa-sekkwa. 
 
 U, um, yak-mi, manka-mi. 
 
 Hayck-pik. 
 
 I, i-ga, yona-ga. 
 
 Gneme-leme. 
 
 Wa, nak%va-mi. 
 
 U, o-kam, hatiom-kain. 
 
 A', a-ke, harem-kei 
 
 Um, mo-mi, meyem-mi. 
 
 Im, ako-im, yona-gndkha. 
 
 U, 0, mom, khomi.- ■ - 
 
 Um, me-kttm, me-komi. 
 
 U, mom, mom-po. 
 
 U, ydkdm, ydkdm-po. 
 
 I-gein, ino-goin, mo-gombi. 
 
 U-ker. 
 Wok-rak. 
 
 Hoiig-gu, hwang-gu. 
 U-ku. 
 
 U-ku. \ininung'mii. 
 
 A', d-mti ; wathim-mu ; 
 Hulo-kara ; -ik. 
 Gida-yi. 
 Caret. 
 
 JIaisa. 
 K/ieugi. 
 
 % 
 
 'Bodo £i-ni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 Wang, oko-wang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 Or. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 U-ni. 
 
 A 
 
 Kichin, . 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Ma-gi. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, , 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ••1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ate. 
 
 5 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Pd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Pdchi. 
 
 i 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Buke. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Buke. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Biyo. 
 
 
 .Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Khina. 
 
 3 
 
 ^ Burman {written), 
 
 
 Sui. 
 
 £ 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Thut, \hu-ha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Ni-ko. 
 
 ■h] 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 , Ha-na-i-un. 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 fc 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Kharu-nyimg. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 A-waidah. 
 
 f 
 
 Pwo-karen, , 
 
 
 A-ivadah. 
 
 I 
 
 Toungh-thu, , . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Klioung-pen. 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 A"i-min/i. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 Khoimg-troung. 
 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Heu. 
 
 lO 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Man. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 r Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Ai-d. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhura), 
 
 
 Inni. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Tdi ; hun-rea {un-ea1). 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 
 Aige. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 A'sghi. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Annerd-tana. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 A'hiki. 
 
 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 
 Ond, hond. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Ond. 
 
 'S 
 
 Rutluk, . . , 
 
 
 Wand. 
 
 ^ 
 1 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Awanet, yennei. 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Awanel. 
 
 '! 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Wond, hatundu. 
 
 
 Mddia, , . . 
 
 
 Wond. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, , . . 
 
 
 Atuti. 
 
 
 Khoiid, , , , 
 
 
 Yevdnetara. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Ani-nate. 
 
 
 Gadaba, , , . 
 
 
 Mayino. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 
 
 Avanudu, attamudidi. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Vahdr. 
 
 
 r Tami , anc, . , 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Tami , mod,, . . 
 
 
 Avanadu, avaniidaya. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Avanre. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Vddidi, vadiokka. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kavndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Avana. 
 
 ^ 
 
 TuJLiva, . . , 
 
 
 Ayanoii. 
 
 K 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •1 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, [ 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Avandu. 
 
 'O 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kufumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Avanade. 
 Avanadu. 
 Avanadu. 
 Avanudu. 
 Avanudeyathu. 
 . Ohuge. 
 
CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 NOTRE— UNSER—0 U R— NASH— NOSTER. 
 
 57 
 
 Types. 
 
 S5 
 
 
 S 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, 
 '^ (Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Magyar, 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gy£mi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochd, 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Silnw^r, 
 
 Gdrung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pikhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kir^nti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rvingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Nd,chhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BiMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-p^ng, 
 
 Diimi, . 
 
 Kh£ling, 
 
 Dungmili 
 
 Ddrhi, . 
 Denwir, 
 Pahri, . 
 Chepdng, 
 Bhrdmu, 
 V^yu, . 
 Kuswar, 
 Kusunda, 
 Th^ru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiit^ni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Asmadiya. 
 -na. 
 
 Gure, genre, gei'en. 
 
 Meidan, 
 
 -nk. 
 
 -imiz. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chweni. 
 
 Manu, bidanu. 
 
 Meni, musei. 
 
 -ku, 
 
 Ktila. 
 
 Kdmi-pufia, kita-puna, -hi, 
 
 Wo-min-tih. 
 
 Wo-mtn-ti. 
 Ngo-ti-ke. 
 Ngu-ni-kuh. 
 Ldn-l 
 
 Wataks-domonoto, • 
 
 NanA. 
 
 Gnomk-ti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gnard-ku. 
 
 Adur-l. 
 
 ChiMk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gnddrigya. 
 
 Nachag-gi. 
 
 Gndnjo-yi. 
 
 Nird-ti. 
 
 Go-ain-ke. 
 
 Gnimo-lo. 
 
 Innd. ■- ' ■ '-' " 
 
 Kan MriMm. ■■— ''■^- ■ 
 Ghyang-si-ye ;i ghyang- 
 Caret. \cha-ye.^ 
 
 Jiping-g&. 
 Anigenrin. 
 
 A' in ko. 
 I-mo, di-mo. 
 A'in-kwa. 
 Kdnu-gnaikkwa. 
 Woki-mi. 
 Ang-kapik. 
 Aen-ga. 
 Iki-leme. 
 Wokhi-mi. 
 A'ki-ma, iki-ma. 
 I-si,^ wa-si;^ ikke,^ wake.^ 
 Kd-chim^ kd-chikam.* 
 Kdn-chhi;^ kan-chhigna.^ 
 Kd-chim, ' kd-chigam;H-king. ^ 
 U-chu,* an-chuj^ ye.^.f ; 
 I-cM,^ o-chit ;*~tn-ki,V' 
 
 An-cha^ an-chaga;^ anga.^ 
 
 Ham-ro. 
 
 Ham-rat. 
 
 Jd-gu. 
 
 Ngi-ku. 
 
 Ni-ku. 
 
 Ang-ki, ang-chimo. 
 
 Ham-dra. 
 
 Tok-jhigna-yij^ chobaki-yida. ^ 
 
 Hamarnu-hye,^ ham-log- 
 
 „ , {liau."^ 
 
 Kayu-pongsa. 
 
 Gndchkgi. _ ... 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 i 
 
 'Bodo, . 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . 
 [ Kdch^ri, 
 
 ' Munipuri 
 Mftlidn Ndgd, , 
 Tablung N^gd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndg4 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kimi, . 
 Kdmi, . 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Sant^li, 
 Bhilmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tami}, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malay^lma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 um 
 
 )- 
 
 Jong-ni. 
 
 King. 
 
 Hdm-aro. 
 
 Ning-ni. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Eikhoi-gi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Asdn, . 
 
 Akhali. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ngo-luke. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ngd-toi. 
 
 Ngd-doi. 
 
 Kini-ko. 
 
 Kachi-un. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kharu-away-tau'.' 
 
 F'waidah. 
 
 P'wadah. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khoung-houng. 
 
 Kyung-tdi-minh. 
 
 Khonkha-tsoung^ 
 
 Rau. 
 
 Hau. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Allka, abM. 
 
 Alle-d. 
 
 Tdling;^ tdle, taban^ 
 
 A'busa-ban. \(alledT). 
 
 Emhi. 
 
 Ahud-tana. 
 
 Emki, ndm-ki. 
 
 Mdbdi, mawa. 
 
 Idana, awa. 
 
 Mawa. 
 
 A'med. 
 
 Anet. 
 
 Mawa, adunawand. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nan. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Moni-nate. 
 
 Niyyino. 
 
 Namburudu. 
 
 Hamdr. 
 
 Emadu. 
 
 Namadu, yengahtdaiya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Namnmte, nangngalute. 
 
 Mddi, md-yokka. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nammadu. 
 
 Enkulanou, • 
 
 Yengada, nangada. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yemmadu, nammadu. 
 
 Nangude. 
 
 Yengadu, nammadu. 
 
 Yengadu. 
 
 Nammudu. 
 
 Engaludeyathu, emathn. 
 
 Ape. 
 
58 
 
 VOTRE— EUER— YO U R— VASH— VESTER. 
 
 [CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 So 
 
 Types, 
 
 .»> 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 Yushmadiya. 
 
 "5, (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 -kom. 
 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Zum, zeuen, zereii. 
 Tddan. 
 - -tok, -tck. 
 
 ?« 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 -iniz. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Thkweni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Tanu. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Sueni. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 -mu. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Sampeyan. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Kdmu-puna, -mti. 
 
 
 r Chinese, Nankin, , 
 
 Ni-mtn-tih. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 Ni-men-ti. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . M-ti-kL 
 
 -S 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Na-kuh. 
 
 >4 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, , 
 
 Lin-t 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 . Nanjiranoto. 
 
 Brahuf, . . . 
 
 
 . Numd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 Nime-ti. 
 
 j; 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 JS 
 
 Takpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Ird-ku. 
 
 ih 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Nondur-i. 
 
 •a , 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 
 Kwdnik/ik. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s; 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Nilrigya. 
 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 Kyhodchag-gi. 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan {sfokm), 
 
 
 Khenjo-yi. 
 
 
 rSerpa, .... 
 
 
 Khyord-ti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdnw^r, . . 
 
 
 
 Gai-ain-ke, in-ke. 
 
 § 
 
 Gdrung, . 
 
 
 
 Kememo-lo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Amid. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 Nang-ki'iriki'im. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Eni-si-ye ;^ gna-cha-ye.^ 
 
 < 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 r Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Chhapmg-gu. 
 Kherdli in. 
 
 A'l/mo. 
 
 Kha-ino, khdi-vio. 
 
 A!mno. 
 
 Hdni-yakkwa. 
 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Aiimi-mowd. 
 
 t 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Haye-kapik. 
 
 Ydkha, , . 
 
 
 
 Ningga. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 Miiyem-kiiie. • 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Amni-iiiL 
 
 ^" 
 
 I'hulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Ini-md. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 I-si^ i-sike;^ i-ni.^ 
 
 ■■a 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Am-chi;^ am-ni.^ 
 
 ? 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Khdtia-chhi ;^ khdnani.'^ 
 
 ■<! 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 A'nd-chim;^ dninim.^ 
 A'in-chu ;^ amnu.^ 
 An-chi;^ annil^ 
 Yes ;^ yen.'' 
 Ain-cha;^ amga.'^ 
 
 
 fDdrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Taharo {tumharo ?). 
 
 1, 
 
 Denwdr, . , 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 <, 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Clilid-gii. 
 
 % 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 Niiig-kii. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 
 Nitng-ku. 
 
 fi; 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ung-cldiliu /' itn-nimit? 
 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 Tum-drd. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 
 Nok -jhigna -yi ; nokibaki 
 
 ^ 
 
 , Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tahdrasa-bake. [yida. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Hayd-pongsa. 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhop 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Khen-cMgi. 
 
 I 
 
 So 
 
 
 h 
 .s 
 
 t^ 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, , 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho,- . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . ,. . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . , 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . .' 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, 
 Bhdmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khoiic,!, , 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, 
 
 ), 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Ku'rgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Ndngchur-ni. 
 Nitig, 
 Tum-aro. 
 Nanok-ni. ' 
 Caret, 
 
 Nungkhoi-gi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Ndkhali. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 No-luke. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mang-toi. 
 
 Mefi-doi. 
 
 Nangni-ko. 
 
 Nanchi-un. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kharu-hpay-tau. 
 
 Thu-wdidah. 
 
 N'thi-wadak. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khoung-iiwung-pen . 
 
 Kyiing-bay-ininh. 
 
 Khrong-tsoung-aen . 
 
 Khau. 
 
 Mau-sti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Appta. 
 
 Appea. 
 
 Tdbeti;'^ tdpe ;'^ (appef). 
 
 (A'ppe, tdpe ?) 
 
 A'ssghi. 
 
 Apid-tana. 
 
 Nimki. 
 
 Nia-hille, niwa, mkua. 
 
 Ida-wonan. 
 
 Miwa. 
 
 lined. 
 
 Yeinnaton. 
 
 Miwa, adunizvand. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Miwa i 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Amannate. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nitigalide, nine-bududu. 
 
 Thor. 
 
 Niitnadti. 
 
 Umadu, ungalttdai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ningngalute. 
 
 Midi, miyokka. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nimmadu. 
 
 Inkulaiwii. 
 
 Niiigada. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nimmadu, ningadu. 
 
 Ningude. 
 
 Ningadu. 
 
 Ningadu. 
 
 Nimmudu. 
 
 Ungaludeyathu, umathu. 
 
 Topi. 
 
CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 LEUR— IHR— T H E I R— IKH— SUUS. 
 
 59 
 
 Types, 
 
 t 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 Tatiiya, 
 
 1 
 
 <^ Mrabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 -horn. 
 
 tij 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bask, , . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Beren, ayen, aen, pi, 
 Heidan, 
 
 'jok. 
 
 
 ^) 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 -lare. 
 
 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 05 
 
 f 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Mathi, 
 
 'fe> 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Edenu. '""" 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 T'cheni, 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 -e. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 -ipun. 
 
 K 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Vya-puna, -fia. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Td-min-tlh. 
 
 ^t) 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 TA-mtn-ti, 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 KHl-ki-kt, 
 
 1 
 
 !■ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Yi-la-kuh, 
 
 S 
 
 >^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 In-t 
 
 0^ 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Kareranoto, 
 
 h 
 
 Brahuf, . , . 
 
 
 Ddfta. ■ 
 
 8 
 
 '& 
 
 ■Qy^mi, . . . - 
 
 
 Thamk-ti. 
 
 t 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 A 
 
 Tdkpa, . . . 
 
 
 Ph-d-ku. 
 
 si 
 
 ^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 
 
 Thidur-i. 
 
 
 
 Thochii, . , . 
 
 
 Thaht'ik, 
 
 1 
 
 1' 
 
 2! 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 h 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 
 
 Jaa-rigya, 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 Khochag-gi. 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 Khonjo-yi. 
 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 Khword-ti, 
 
 ^i 
 
 ^ 
 
 Siinwdr, , 
 
 
 Hariain-M, 
 
 
 ■S 
 
 Gdrung, . 
 
 
 
 Thamk-la. 
 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 
 
 Thennd. ■ 
 
 
 !■ 
 
 Magar, . ■ 
 
 
 
 AMriMm. 
 
 
 Thd,ksya, , 
 
 
 
 , Hmi-si-yei^ hm-cha-ye,^ 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 
 
 Wqping-gii. 
 
 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 K/fdnchi-in. 
 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 
 Myaucho, mayo-so. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 Khu-mo, khu-i-mo, 
 
 a 
 
 
 Rilngchenbung, . 
 
 
 Myd-u-cho. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . 
 
 
 Hung-cheikkwa, 
 
 s 
 
 cr 
 
 Ndchhereng, . , 
 
 
 Yakmo-mi. 
 
 C) 
 
 i 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 
 Kayan-kapik. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 Ichi-ga. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Choui-isya, 
 
 
 
 Gono-maticha-leme, 
 
 
 a 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Kwachi-mi, na-kwachimi. 
 
 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 Hamm-mtkam, 
 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 A'sikej^ dni.^ 
 
 
 *<* 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Mahachimp- mihachim,^ 
 
 
 « 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 t . 1 -- 
 
 
 Akochhi ;^ aokha,^. 
 
 
 > 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 Michim;^ mochim.^ 
 
 
 *<I 
 
 Sing-ping,' 
 
 
 ■^:' 
 
 Me-ko-chim.^ ,,7 ';!"•■ 
 
 
 
 Diimi, . , ' 
 
 ' .-,- t^- 
 
 
 Ydkdm-supd'}^''}nan-hdm.'^ 
 
 
 
 Khiling, ^ . 
 
 
 
 Unsu ;^"ydkdm,^ 
 
 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 
 
 Mugum;^ mugum-ga,^ 
 
 
 •n; 
 
 r Dirhi, . . 
 
 
 
 Un-karo. 
 
 .« 
 
 1 
 
 Denwir, . 
 
 
 
 Wal-ko. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 Asya-gu. 
 
 s 
 
 '^ 
 
 Cheping, . 
 
 
 
 Umai-ku, 
 
 1 
 
 1 . 
 
 Bhrimu, . 
 
 
 
 Un-ku. \jomu.^ 
 
 ■§ 
 ^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 Viyu, . . 
 
 
 
 A'ckimu,^ wdthim-nak- 
 
 
 Kuswar, .' 
 
 
 
 Hdring-kara. \_yida.^ 
 
 
 "1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 Gida-jhigna-yi i^ gidabaki- 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Thiru, . . , 
 
 
 
 Udu-wonko i^ una-kara.^ 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Hoyd-pongsa. ., 
 
 
 
 Bhiitini v. Vc 
 
 op 
 
 a,.. 
 
 
 Khong-gi. ^ ..,.^.:., . 
 
 
 'Bodo, , . 
 
 Dhimil, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . , 
 
 Kichiri, , 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthin Nigi, 
 Tablung Nigi, 
 Khiri Nigi, . 
 Angimi Nigi, 
 Nimsing Nigi, 
 Nowgong Nigi, 
 Tengsa Nigi, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsigar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . , 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kimi, . . . 
 Kijmi, . . 
 Mril v. Toung, 
 Sik, , . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgaii-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shin, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khimti, . 
 Laos, . , 
 
 r Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh' 
 Santili, 
 Bhdmij, . 
 Urion, 
 Mundala, , 
 Rijmahali, 
 Gontji, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, , 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Midi, . . 
 Midia, 
 Kuri, . , 
 Keikidi, . 
 Khoiid, 
 Sivara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yeruk'ala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod,, 
 Malayilma, iinc, 
 Malayilma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karnitaka, anc, 
 Karnitaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,| 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, , 
 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 Bichur-ni, 
 
 Ubal-ko. 
 
 Un-ndr. 
 
 Onok-ni, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Makhoi-gi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pd-ri, 
 
 Pd-li. 
 
 Btdu-ke, 
 
 Bulu-ke. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Su-toi. 
 
 TJm-doi, 
 
 Nidi-ko. 
 
 Hanichi-un. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kharum-yin-tau. 
 
 Awditha-wdidah. 
 
 Athi-wadah. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khonng-houng-pen. 
 
 Kyimg-no-minh. 
 
 Khonkha-tsoung-aen. 
 
 Khreu. 
 
 Man-khau. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Akod. 
 
 En-kod. 
 
 Tdkin;^ tdko^ {unMre?). 
 
 Tdko (?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 AnkoA-tana, 
 
 A'sd-beriki. 
 
 Ond-dnd, hon, wora, wiira. 
 
 Ada-itjonan. 
 
 Hade-nae. 
 
 Awaned. 
 
 Awareten. 
 
 Wona, adwt-nionandana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Woral 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Aninate. 
 
 Mayyino, 
 
 Avanndu, 
 
 Vahdr. 
 
 Avaradu, 
 
 Avaradu, avargaludaiya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avanite. 
 
 Vdridi, vAndla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avaradu. 
 
 Akulunou, 
 
 Ayafida, adattda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avardu. 
 
 Avar'ade. 
 
 Avaradu, avakaradu. 
 
 Avaradu. 
 
 Avarudu. 
 
 OnL 
 
 Ungk, 
 
6o 
 
 CE— DIESER— THIS—ETO (SEI)— HIC. 
 
 [chap, h.— pronouns. 
 
 "I 
 
 s 
 
 
 s 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 <; 
 
 Types. 
 
 '■§ (Sanskrit, 
 "I, (Arabic, , 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . , 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gy^i, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 'Serpa, . . 
 Siinw^, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdUli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 BhUtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Eshas (etad), ay am, idam. 
 Hdza. 
 
 Au, onek, oyekf auk, oek? 
 Tama. 
 Ez. 
 Bu. 
 Wtisey. 
 Es. 
 Ene. 
 Ere. 
 Jki. 
 
 Punniki. 
 Tni. 
 
 Che-ko. 
 
 Che-ko. 
 
 Li-ko. 
 
 Ti-kuh. 
 
 Chit4. 
 
 Kore, kono. 
 
 Ddd 
 
 Thikotc. 
 
 Chidi. 
 
 WocM. 
 
 Thit. 
 
 Chd. 
 
 Ani, yeni. 
 
 U'de. 
 
 Hade. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Dirdng. 
 
 Yekwe. 
 
 Chim-yo. 
 
 Chun. 
 
 Ise-nd. 
 
 Pa-dng-kyungpa. 
 
 Yehi, yd. 
 
 Tho. 
 
 Kon. 
 
 Wo. 
 
 Hyd, hyd-lio. 
 0, oko. 
 
 Oko, bago, ?uigo. 
 Unu, ang-na. 
 Ognd, oko, ipigna. 
 Khena, nd, nd-md, d-me. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ing-kong, inkopi. 
 Wo, woram; wochip- wo- 
 Yam, yetn. [mim.' 
 
 I'go. 
 
 Nd, ndrok. 
 Ko-b. 
 
 Noko, nokognd. 
 Teiii, tetugna. 
 Tomgnd. 
 Igo. 
 
 U. 
 I. 
 
 U, ho. 
 
 U. 
 
 V. 
 
 I. 
 
 Hu-lo, hd-lo. 
 
 Td-i, id. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ArL 
 Di, didi. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 K 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 II 
 
 4 
 
 'Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Jmbe, imbo. 
 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 . rthoi, iti, idong. 
 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 
 . Ydhi. 
 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Tmara. 
 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 
 
 
 . Yo. 
 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 . Hi-ha. 
 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Thoi-nan. 
 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Pio. 
 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Haive. 
 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 A'ra. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Yd-e. 
 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Igdkd 
 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Si, issi. 
 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Shidebulu. 
 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 
 
 Taihoni. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndai. 
 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 
 I, sin. 
 
 
 Burman {spoken), 
 
 
 
 I, thi. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 
 
 
 Ni, i-ni. 
 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hi. 
 
 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, 
 
 
 
 Enan. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Tah-i. 
 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 A'yu. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Yo. 
 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tso-niht. 
 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Ndi. 
 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Ni-lai, ni. 
 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 
 Jtt. 
 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 An-nai. 
 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ni. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 
 
 
 Ni. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 ), 
 
 
 Nea. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 
 
 Nu-i, nu-d, ni-d. 
 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 
 
 Ni. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 
 
 Edah. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 
 
 Nia. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 
 
 Ih. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 
 Yer (mas.), id (fem 
 
 ■) 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 IdG). 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Id (?). 
 
 
 Naikude, , . 
 
 
 
 Id. 
 
 
 Kolami, . , 
 
 
 
 Jdda. 
 
 
 Mddi, , . . 
 
 
 
 Vent, viru, attu. 
 
 
 Mddia, , . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . , . 
 
 
 
 Kite. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ani. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . .' . 
 
 
 
 Avanu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Vahare, vu. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, ^^^-i • 
 
 
 
 Ivan, ival, idu. 
 
 
 Tamil, ^^0^; . ■ 
 
 
 
 Ivan, ivai, idu. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 
 Ivan, ival,, it a. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Vidu, idi. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Ivanv, ivahi, idu. 
 
 
 Tuhva, . . . 
 
 
 A'yino. 
 
 
 Kurgi, , . . 
 
 
 
 Ivu, iva, idu. 
 
 
 Toduva,) . 
 Toda, 1 . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 
 Avait. 
 
 
 K6ta, . . . 
 
 
 
 Avane. 
 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 
 
 Avana. 
 
 
 Kufuraba, 
 
 
 
 Avana. 
 
 
 Irula, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ava. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 
 
 Avatiudeva. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 
 
 Me. 
 
 
CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 CE (CELA)— JENER— THAT— ETOT (TOT)— ILLE. 
 
 6l 
 
 I- 
 
 o 
 
 (Sanskrit, .... Asau (ados, amu), etad. 
 
 (Arabic, ..... Z&lik. 
 
 Bask, On,orrek,oriek;^ hura,ark, 
 
 Finnic, Tuo. [aye/i;" ak, aek^ 
 
 Magyar, As. 
 
 Turkish, 01, o. 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 1 
 05 
 
 Si 
 
 h 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 S'z'skowah. 
 
 Is. 
 
 Tere. 
 
 Tere. 
 
 Ika. 
 
 Punnika. 
 
 Malay, I'tu. 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Na-ko. 
 
 Na-ko. 
 
 Ko-ko. 
 
 Ku-kuh. 
 
 Hit-L 
 
 Sore, sono. 
 
 Brahuf, . . . . . Od, ed. 
 
 ' Gy^mi, . . l" >" . Lakou. 
 
 Gydrung, Hadi. 
 
 Tdkpa, Wotho. 
 
 Mdnyak, Qtt-athiH. 
 
 Thochd, Thd. 
 
 Sokpa, Theni. 
 
 Horpa, Outhd, ye. 
 
 Tibetan {written), . . DL 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Phi-di. 
 
 Serpa Phi-dirdng. 
 
 Silnwir, Makwe. 
 
 Gdrung, . . . . . Ho-cMn-yo. 
 
 Miirmi, Ho-chan. 
 
 Magar, 0-se-nd. 
 
 Thdksya, ..... Cha, khapami. 
 
 P^khya, ..... Wbhi'A. 
 
 Newdr, ..... Wo. 
 
 Limbu, Khen. 
 
 'Kir^nti, Mo. 
 
 Rodong, Tya, tya-ko. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Mo, mo-ko, kho-kho. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Kho-kho, mo-go. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Khdn-ko-u; yak-gna. 
 
 Wiling, Khog-nd, kho-ko, haya-ya. 
 
 Yd,kha, Yo-na, yo-ndmd, ime. 
 
 Chour^sya, .... Caret. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Mung-kong, nd-kong, na-kopi 
 
 Thulungya, .... Myo, myo-rdm, han-^m. 
 
 Bdhingya, Mydm, mem-harem. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Mo. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Yond, yonarok, dko. 
 
 BdMli, . . . .... . Mo-6. , , .,.i^,.r: 
 
 Sdng-ping, ..... Moko,mpkognd. ■% '%" 
 
 Ddmi, Momi, ydkdm,' yakamgna. 
 
 KhiUng, Mdmgnd. \ 
 
 Dungmili, .... Mu-go. 
 
 Ddrhi, U. 
 
 Denwdr, /. 
 
 Pahri, U, ho. 
 
 Chepdng, U. 
 
 Bhrlmu, U. 
 
 V£yu, Wdthi, mi (mu i). 
 
 Kuswar, Hu-lo, hd-lo. 
 
 Kusunda, Pssi, it. 
 
 Thdru,. ..... U. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitini V. Lhopa, 
 
 OrL 
 Phe, phedi. 
 
 f 
 
 
 f*) 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 4 
 
 ' Bodo, .... 
 Dhimdl, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 Garo, .... 
 Kichdri, . . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgi, . 
 Tablung Ndgil, . 
 Khdri Niigd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {-written), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Mni v. Toung, . 
 Sik, .... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Sipghbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, .... 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 Naikude, . . . 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 Mddia, .... 
 Kuri, .... 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, ... 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, •. .... 
 
 ' Tami], anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., ; . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tujuva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva, > . . 
 Toda, ; . . 
 K6ta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 
 Iruia 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 Oie, hobo. 
 Uthoi, uti, tidong. 
 Vohi. 
 Omara. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ta-hlon. 
 
 Hi-ha. 
 
 Thoi-theo. 
 
 Poicho chu. 
 
 Liwe. 
 
 I'rapd. 
 
 Aunchika. 
 
 Ochika. 
 
 liina. 
 
 Ulliibullu. 
 
 Bare. 
 
 Orawd. 
 
 Tho, ho. 
 
 Tho, ho. 
 
 Oni. 
 
 Ma-M. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tai-kau. 
 
 Tah-nu, a-nd. 
 
 A^nau. 
 
 Ta-hlon. 
 
 Tso-nan. 
 
 Kia. 
 
 Nan-lai, nan. 
 
 ffeu. 
 
 An-nan. 
 
 Nan. 
 
 En. 
 End. 
 
 Uni, hdnd, kond, and. 
 Caret. 
 Hi'idah. 
 A'nd. 
 A'h. 
 
 Hud, war, wor. 
 Wor. 
 Wor. 
 Ad 
 Atol. 
 
 Woru, oru, attu. 
 Caret. 
 Handi. 
 Ture. 
 Yerivi. 
 Ani. 
 
 Tom. .;. 
 
 Adu. 
 Vahe, lie., 
 
 Avan, aval, adu. 
 
 Avan, aval, adu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avan, aval, ata. 
 
 Vdtfu, adi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Avanu, avalu, adu. 
 
 Avu. 
 
 Avu, ava, adu.'" 
 
 Ad. 
 
 Adu. 
 
 Adu. 
 
 Adu. 
 
 Adu. 
 
 Adu. 
 
 Ah thu, athu. 
 
 Ara. 
 
62 
 
 QUEL— WELCHER— WHICH (rEL.)— KOTORI— QUI (QUOD). [chap, ii.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 
 
 Tyjies. 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, 
 "I, (Arabic, . . 
 
 Bask, , . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 Gyimi, . . 
 Gydrung, . . 
 Takpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thochii, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spokm), 
 
 Serpa, ... 
 
 Sdnvvir, . . 
 
 Gdning, . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . , 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, , 
 
 Wdling, . , 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 Kulungya, . 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambiclihong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 Dilmi, . . . 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 Dungmdli, . 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . , 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdnui, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Yas, yd, yat. 
 Illazi. 
 
 Zeii, zeila, zenak; zein, zeiita. 
 /oka (root =jo). 
 Melly. 
 Caret. 
 Terrahrey. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Sing, ka7ig(xt\. and correl.). 
 Ingkang, kaj!g(r€i. and cor.), 
 Yang (rel. and correl.). 
 
 So, sho. 
 
 So, sho. 
 
 So, sho. 
 
 Su. 
 
 So. 
 
 JDore, dochi, dono. 
 
 Ard. 
 
 Hi-me (rel.), la^-me (corr.), 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret (rel). 
 
 Thinda (rel.), the (corn). 
 
 Siv'in (rel.), thi-ddng (corr.). 
 Tekzve (rel,), mekiok (corr.). 
 Su (rel.), thi (corr,). 
 Kha-ehud {\\.),ho-chua (cor.). 
 Kos{xt\.),hos (corr.). Sjiemhi. 
 Khandng-pemhi, khajtt- 
 JiinancJiha, jatmanidncliha. 
 Gu, su (rel.), wo (corr.). 
 A'ti (rel), khen (corn). 
 
 Sd (rel.), klio (corn). 
 Tyo-so ; tya-kwa, ehi. 
 Sdng ; khog-7id. 
 Hokkogo; ho-eii. 
 A's ; khan. 
 Khd-t'i; khog-nd. 
 Isd; ikhi, 
 Thdme; erne. 
 A'sd; kho. 
 Uhem; myo. 
 Mim, 
 Caret. 
 U'ndok. 
 
 Khosd, khosdlo, 
 Khognd. 
 Mom. 
 Caret. 
 Hd-go. 
 
 I-sck, ii-sek (rel.), 
 / (rel.), U' (corn), 
 A'rkhyd-git (rel,), hdrkhyd- 
 Caret. [g7t (corr,), 
 
 Httii (rel,), Ito-tii (corn). 
 Si'ido (rel,), mido (corr.). 
 Jt (rl.), hdle (cor.), \j>a-hak. 
 Hdgim-ya-hdk, hdgit, nataim- 
 Kwi-manai, um-manai. 
 
 Sare (rel.), ware (corn). 
 Kddi (rel.). Mi (corr.). 
 
 
 •^ 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 e5 
 
 h 
 
 g 
 
 a 
 
 
 4 
 
 ' Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v, Toung, 
 
 [Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, , 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . , 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, , . 
 Kuri, . , 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khoiid, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, , 
 Tamij, mod,, .' 
 Malayd|ma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . 
 Toduva, 
 Toda, 
 Kdta, . 
 Badaga, 
 Kufumba, 
 Irula, . 
 Malabar, 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Jijai (rel,), hi {core. ),hds hit. 
 Jedong (rel.), kidong (corr.). 
 Je (rel.), so-i (corn). 
 Jon (rel.), won (corr.). 
 Caret. 
 
 Lisa-may-nay. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Kitbai. 
 Kiuru. 
 Mapd. 
 Ydkung. 
 Kachi. 
 Ing-kono. 
 Okolone. 
 Boroshini. 
 Gadenud. 
 
 Abhe. 
 
 Abhe. 
 
 I-ni-a-ka. 
 
 Na-nd-i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 I-la-rau. 
 
 Lir-la-i, pai-lai-ga-lai. 
 
 Ler-lai. 
 
 Lisa-may-nay. 
 
 An-loung-lai. 
 
 Ke (rel.), ki (corr.). 
 
 Nihn-louk, khon-dai. 
 
 Panku. 
 
 Ati-naii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chikana, 
 Caret. 
 Jdhdng-e. 
 Caret. 
 Lkrah. 
 Okah. 
 Caret, 
 Bad. 
 Bad. 
 Bako. 
 Yand. 
 Yetten. 
 
 B-ona, patenind. 
 Caret. 
 Caret, 
 Caret. 
 Yes tanju. 
 Vongd. 
 Bhuldm. 
 Yedu. 
 Kahd, 
 
 Yddu. 
 Edu, yedu. 
 Caret. 
 Eda. 
 Edi, yedi. 
 Caret. 
 Ydv-adu. 
 Erno. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Yddu. 
 Yede. 
 Yeadu. 
 Y-av-adu. 
 Yedu. 
 
 Thu (rel.). 
 Kb-koda. 
 
CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 
 
 QUI-WER— WHO P-KOTOR-QUIS. 
 
 63 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, 
 ^ (Arabic, . 
 
 s 
 
 ■<! 
 
 5 
 
 .8 
 
 3 
 
 .i 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ■■a 
 
 R 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . , 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ^ 
 
 E^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 ' Gyimi, . . 
 Gydrung, . 
 T.ilcpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thochii, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {written) 
 Tibetan {spolien), 
 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sdnwdr, . . 
 
 Gdrung, . . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . , 
 
 Tlidksya, . . 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdUli, . . 
 
 Sing-pdng, 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Kas, kd. 
 
 Man. 
 
 Nor, nork; zen, zein. 
 Ken. 
 Ki. 
 Kim. 
 Shet. 
 
 Win. , ,7 v. 
 
 Ken. 
 Wc. 
 Sapa. 
 Sinten. 
 Sidpa. 
 
 Shin-mo-jin. 
 
 Shen-mo-jen. 
 
 Mat-shui. 
 
 Sd-niang. 
 
 Cht-chM. 
 
 Dare, tare. 
 
 Der. - :'::-:v.>-«i- 
 
 Syd, hima. ' ■ 
 
 Su. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Su, to. 
 
 Sii, kha. 
 
 Khangi, sii. 
 
 Sii. 
 
 SiiM. 
 
 Sii. 
 
 KM. 
 
 Siira, hira. 
 
 Td. 
 
 Kaunamanchha, 
 
 Sii. 
 
 Hdt. 
 
 Di. 
 
 Sa. 
 
 Sdng. 
 
 HokJwgo, sdlb. 
 
 A's. 
 
 Dei. 
 
 Hktndmd, h'et-nd. 
 
 A'-cM. 
 
 A'sL 
 
 Syie, Mem. 
 
 Syti. 
 
 A'sd. 
 
 St-ong. — 
 
 A'sdlo, dsd. 
 
 A'sd, asdle. .,- "^ 
 
 Sy&go, syii. 
 
 Khdm. 
 
 Sdg, khigo. 
 
 Kb-no. 
 
 Kb-hik. 
 
 GH-g^, gu-hmo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hai. 
 
 Sti. 
 
 Ke. 
 
 Ndtdt. 
 
 Kaunmanai. 
 
 To. 
 Kd. 
 
 :s.r 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ■c 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 h ■ 
 
 
 i 
 
 Bodo, CMtr. 
 
 Dhimdl, HM, hdshu. 
 
 Kocch, Kd-i. 
 
 Garo, Chdng, 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 
 I 
 Co 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Nigd, . 
 NdiTisdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .- . . . 
 Kiimi; .... 
 Mni v. Toung, . 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 Pd-may-nay. 
 
 Oveh. 
 
 Owai. 
 
 Sui. 
 
 Soru. 
 
 Hand. 
 
 Siratt. 
 
 Sine. 
 
 Seko. 
 
 Seko. 
 
 Bas-ani. 
 
 Gadaimd. 
 
 Bhesii. 
 
 Bhethi't. 
 
 U'-li-am. 
 
 A-pd-i-m'e. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Men, . . . Nyay-gau-rau. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... MUah-tghah-la-i. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Ma-paw-lai. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Pd-may-nay. 
 
 Shdn, Hpoung. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Ai. 
 
 Siamese, Nihn-loung, khrai, sung. 
 
 Ahom, Phreu. 
 
 Khdmti, Phau. 
 
 Laos, Khai,phai. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... OM. 
 
 .Kol (Singhbhum), . . Caret. 
 
 Santdli, Oko-e, chele. 
 
 Bhiimij, Caret. 
 
 Urdon, Ekoa. 
 
 Mundala, O-kdwi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Ik. 
 
 Gondi, Par, boni. 
 
 Gayeti, Bar, boni. 
 
 Rutluk, Bor. 
 
 Naikude, Yenendiv. 
 
 Kolami, Niveniv. 
 
 Mddi, Boru, poninda. 
 
 Mddia, Bor. 
 
 Kuri, Tutie, eiye. 
 
 Keikddi Yedu. 
 
 Khond, Yestdnju, yinu. 
 
 Sdvara, Bote. 
 
 Gadaba Ldyi. 
 
 Yerukala, Ydru. 
 
 Chentsu, Ke, vuhe. 
 
 Tamil, anc Ydr. 
 
 Tamil, mod A'r. 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . A'r a. 
 
 Telugu, Evadu, yevadu, 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Ydvanu., 
 
 Tuluva, Evanda. 
 
 Kurgi, -Yevu. 
 
 Toduva,) . ... In. 
 
 Toda, I . ... A'r. 
 
 K6ta, A're. 
 
 Badaga, Y-dru. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Y-aru. 
 
 Irula, Aru. 
 
 Malabar, . " . . . . Y-ar, ever. 
 
 Sinhalese, Kauda. 
 
64 
 
 QUOI-WAS-WHAT P-CHTO-QUID. 
 
 [chap. II.— pronouns. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ ^Sanskrit, 
 i (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 «5 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochd, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Giirung, 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndclihereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . , 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Kim {kat), ke,^ kdni.'^ 
 A'i, ay yon. 
 
 Zer, ze. 
 
 Mika, kuka. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Neh. 
 
 Papshey. 
 
 Ra. 
 
 Yaghon. 
 
 Ai, ai-gesc. 
 
 Apa. 
 
 Punnapa. 
 
 Apa. 
 
 Shin-moiung-si. 
 
 Shen-mohmg-si. 
 
 Mat-ye-mat-kin . 
 
 Sd-neh-sz. 
 
 Sid-mik. 
 
 Nani. 
 
 Ant, der. 
 
 Sydcha, hinia. 
 
 Thu. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Hdno. 
 
 Stt. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Achin. 
 
 Chi. 
 
 Khdng. 
 
 Khdng. 
 
 Maro. 
 
 Td. 
 
 Tigi. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Khajupero. 
 
 Kyd. 
 
 Chhi'i. 
 
 TM. 
 
 Di, de. 
 
 Dakd. 
 
 Diye. 
 
 Thiiii. 
 
 U'lc. 
 
 Tikwa. 
 
 I,e. 
 
 A'-md. 
 
 Us6, 1'li. 
 
 I/dm. 
 
 Mam. 
 
 Imafig. 
 
 Thiya. 
 
 Ifkha. 
 
 Yen. 
 
 Mimgna. 
 
 Mangga. 
 
 Tigo. 
 
 Ko-nn. 
 
 Ko-hik. 
 
 Gn-gii, gu-liiiio. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hai. 
 
 Si'i. 
 
 Kc. 
 
 Ndtdng. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Sim. 
 Kang-chi, kan. 
 
 t 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Md. 
 
 &> 
 
 G 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 Hai. 
 
 t^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Ki. 
 
 (ti 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 A'to. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Pd-may-nay. 
 
 t 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Tem. 
 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Toi-nan. 
 
 0^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Chabau. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kaje. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Chend. 
 
 i 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Kachisiir. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Chaha. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 Ingkua, ong-kokko. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Okko. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Damdarini. 
 
 
 ^Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Phakaimd. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 
 Abhe. 
 
 i 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Abhe, bhd. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 I'ni-hdm. 
 
 *■ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 A-pa-i-me. 
 
 8 
 
 KUmi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •1 
 3 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1: 
 
 ,Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Mu-gau-rau. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 
 MHah-tghah-la-i. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 
 Ma-paw-lai. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Lo-may-nay. 
 
 ri 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Ka-tsan-lay. 
 
 K - 
 
 Annainitic, . 
 
 
 Shi, yi. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Ayo-loung, arai. 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Re. 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Sang 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Sang. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Chid. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Chet. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Indrdri. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 
 Chikina. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 
 Ik. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 
 Bard-dnd, bang. 
 
 ti 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Baddnga. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 Baddng. 
 
 S 
 
 1 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Tdne. 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Tdneten. 
 
 6 
 
 Mddi, . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . 
 Keikddi, 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, 
 Yerukala, 
 _ Chentsu, 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc 
 
 ) 
 
 
 Bara. 
 
 Bara. 
 
 Tune, yo. 
 
 Yendu. 
 
 Annd. 
 
 Voiigddo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Y-anna, yemmattiku 
 
 Ki, kochcher. 
 
 Yedu, yddti. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 
 Enna, yenna. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 
 Enta. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Enii, edi. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc. 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Yenti. 
 
 Tukiva, , . . 
 
 
 Jdna. 
 
 s 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Ycnnu. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, [ 
 
 
 
 In. 
 
 jS 
 
 
 
 . En. 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Yena. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Yena. 
 
 
 Kuriimba, 
 
 
 
 Yenu: 
 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 
 
 Yenna. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 . Enna, entha. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 . Mokada. 
 
CHAP. 11.— PRONOUNS.] QUELQU'UN— JEMAND— AN YBOD Y— KTO-NIBUD— ALIQUIS, 
 
 65 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 "^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . , 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, , 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . , . 
 
 s 
 I 
 
 
 s 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 f 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 •^ 
 
 Si ' 
 
 ft) 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahu{, . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 Gydrung, . . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . , 
 Thochii, . . 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {njritkn), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, .... 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 
 Gilrung, . . 
 
 Milrmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newir, . . 
 
 Limbu, . , 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Rtingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 Kuhmgya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bilili, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Kaschit, kdckit, 
 Kol waftid, fuldn, 
 
 Norbait, trior. 
 Caret, 
 Volamelly. 
 Kimseh. 
 Zaypit. 
 Caret. 
 Ali-yaghon, 
 Caret, 
 Sapa-sapa, 
 Sinten-sinten. 
 Bdrang saoraiig. 
 
 Puh-lun-shin-mo-jin. 
 
 Puh-lun-shen-mo-jen. 
 
 Mo-lun-mat-shin. 
 
 Sui-bien-sa-niang. 
 
 Put-lun-sian-mih-lang, 
 
 Daredemo, taremo, 
 
 Khadr-bandagh. 
 
 Ohki, hiong. 
 
 Sti. 
 
 Strang. 
 
 Stiye. 
 
 JVing-wan, song-wang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Siiyo. 
 
 Siizhig, khachig. 
 
 Su-in. 
 
 Si'd-ndng. 
 
 Siikd. 
 
 S^zdng, 
 
 Khd-m. 
 
 Siir. 
 
 Sabadhydngpd. 
 
 Kohimdnchhd, 
 
 Sting. 
 
 Hdt-lo. 
 
 Aktai iak-tdii). 
 
 Isdma, sd'i. 
 
 Sdngchhdng. 
 
 Sdlb-ydng. 
 
 A'sa. 
 
 AsakchkH. 
 
 Isdchd. 
 
 A'-cM-yL 
 
 A' so, ds. 
 
 Syubwa. 
 
 Syiiye. 
 
 A'sd-sdng {mette?), 
 
 Sichhd. 
 
 A'sdne. 
 
 A'sd-sdng, 
 
 Sy&yo. 
 
 Siii-yo. 
 
 Sdgchhang. 
 
 Kolho-pun. 
 
 Kolhu. 
 
 SUnung. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sling. 
 
 S^na. 
 
 Ke-hu. 
 
 Nataim 'yahak vel hyak. 
 
 Konamanai. 
 
 Tbld. 
 
 Kdyif ka-imchi. 
 
 
 »5 
 ■I 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 Bodo Chur,jishldp, 
 
 Dhimdl Hdshu, hete, 
 
 Kocch, ...... Kdho, 
 
 Garo, Jd-td. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret, 
 
 Munipuri, .... Caret, 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Koi-murh. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Chakrap'aru. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Caret, 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Caret, 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Caret, 
 
 Abor Mivi, .... Caret, 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Sckodi, 
 
 Deoria Chutla, . . . Shdmddn. 
 
 Singpho, Caret. 
 
 Burman {written), . . Bhesiimhya. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . BlutMnahya. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Caret. 
 
 Kdmi A-pd-i-me. 
 
 Kilmi, Caret. 
 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kha-ra-tan-mwai-mwai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 Toungh-thu, ... 
 
 Shdn, Pen-htsaytso-tsb. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Hi-ai. 
 
 Siamese, Hpayla-righn. 
 
 Ahom, Pheu. 
 
 Khdmti, Kan-phong. 
 
 Laos, Caret. 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), .... Amba. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Oko-ho. 
 
 Santdli, Tind, tindng, okuren-horh. 
 
 Bhdmij, Okoji. 
 
 Urdon, E'ko-drten. 
 
 Mundala, Oko-ivaihi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Nc-gbt'e. 
 
 Gondi, ...... Vbndi-dndi. 
 
 Gayeti, Bore, bati. 
 
 Rutluk, Bore. 
 
 Naikude, Yanna-katir, 
 
 Kolami, Amdenen. 
 
 Mddi, Bortadi, 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Yedagas. 
 
 Khond, Yestdndte. 
 
 Sdvara, Bote, botegdni. 
 
 Gadaba, . . . . . Loyis-d. 
 Yerukala, . . . V . Yeduayind. 
 
 Chentsu, Kevu, jehaive. 
 
 Tami], anc A'rdyinum. 
 
 Tamij, mod., .... A'rdgilum. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Yddaruttorum. 
 
 Telugu Ev-araina. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Ydrddaru, 
 
 Tuluva, Caret, 
 
 Kurgi, Caret, 
 
 Toduva, ) . . . . Caret, 
 Toda, j . . . . Caret, 
 
 K6ta, Caret. 
 
 Ba^laga, Caret. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Caret. 
 
 Iru]a, Caret. 
 
 Malabar, Everaycnum, yaraunum, 
 
 Sinhalese, Kauru-wat, 
 
66 
 
 QUELQUE CHOSE— ETWAS— ANYTHING— CHTO-NIBUD—ALIQUID. 
 
 [CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 <!. (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 bj, Turkish, . 
 ^ Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 ■f- Mongolian, 
 c3 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 [Malay, . . . 
 
 
 
 % 
 
 I 
 f 
 
 
 Kinchit, kechit^ kmiichit? 
 Kol sha'i. 
 
 Zerbait, zeredozer. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Volamelli. 
 
 Kimseh. 
 
 Zaypit. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ali-ken. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Apa-apa. 
 
 Pun7iapa-punnapa. 
 
 Bdraiig-dpa. 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Pu-lun-shm-mo-tungsi. 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 . . Pii-lun-shen-mo-tungsi. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 . . Mo-lun-mat-ye-mat-kin 
 
 Chinese, Shangha 
 
 i, . Sui-bien-sd-7neh-sz. 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 Put-lun-sian-mih. 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 . . Nanimo, arumono. 
 
 Brahul, . . 
 
 
 . . Khadr-gidd. 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 . . Hiong. 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 . . Tenzi, tizze. 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 . . Strang. 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 . . Tdkd. 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 
 . . Nitig. 
 
 Sokpa, . . , 
 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 . . Ake. 
 
 Tibetan (written). 
 
 . . Chizhig. 
 
 ^ Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 . . Khd-in. 
 
 ' Serpa, .... 
 
 . . Khai-7idng. 
 
 Siinwir, 
 
 
 
 . . Mdrkd. 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 
 
 
 Tayang. 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Tigi. 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 Hihi-ko. 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 
 
 
 Khajattg-pctnhi. 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 
 
 
 Kehi-bastu. 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 
 
 
 Chhung. 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 
 The-re. 
 
 • Kirinti, 
 
 
 
 
 Dimhi. 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 Be-i, dyen, tiyii. 
 
 Rdngchenbung, . 
 
 
 Dichhdiig. 
 
 Chhingt^ngya, . 
 
 
 Them-ydng. 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . 
 
 
 Usa. 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 Ti-ikchlu'i. 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 Ichd. 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 A'md-ye. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 U'so. 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 Havibwa. 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 Mdrdye. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Jmdng-sang. 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 Thichhd. 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 
 U'k-hdng. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 Yoti-sdttg. 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 
 
 Mdng-yb. 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 Mdng-yb. 
 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Tichhang. 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 Kyd-hi'i-je. 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 Ki-chhu. 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 Chala. 
 
 Cheping, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 • Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 Hang. 
 
 Viyu, . . 
 
 
 
 Mis-che. 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 Ke-hu. 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 Nataiim-ya-hdgit. 
 
 Thdru,. . 
 
 
 
 Kunbastu. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Shiiri, tham. 
 
 Bhiitini v. 
 
 LI 
 
 lopa 
 
 ! • 
 
 Kdndochi. 
 
 I 
 
 05 
 
 h 
 
 s 
 
 h 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kichdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 MithdnNdgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Cliutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 ' Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh' 
 Santdli, 
 BhUmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, t 
 Tod a, I" 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kufumba, 
 Irula, , . 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 Mungbb, jishlap. 
 H'ete, haidong. 
 Kitcch. 
 Harj-im'irj. 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuiai. 
 
 Kajipuru, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Anjoko. 
 
 Okko. 
 
 Damasirini. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bhemhya. 
 
 Bhdmhya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ta-ti-i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mway-theik-paya I. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Pen-hts-aytso-tso. 
 D^u-gl. 
 Hpayla, arai. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Asang. 
 Chikanna. 
 Oko-bitte. 
 
 Chet-hong, oka-dhon. 
 Ako-dhon. 
 Indara. 
 Jdha, ndgi. 
 Indarbadi. 
 Bittichij, bore. 
 Bore. 
 Bore. 
 
 Yanna-kdtir. 
 Amdenen. 
 Bdjiataki. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Ycdagao. 
 Anndtiki. 
 Yetagani, jitagaiii. 
 Mddisd. 
 Yemmadaind. 
 Kichu, jehaive. 
 
 Ydddkilum, yeddgihtm. 
 Eddkilum. 
 Caret. 
 
 Yddonnengil. 
 Edaina, vedaina. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydvadddan't. 
 Erdnda. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Ethum. 
 Monawdda. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] AU-DESSUS- tJBER— ABO VE— NAD— SUPER, 
 
 67 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 I, (Arabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 K 
 I 
 
 .1^ 
 
 I. 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 
 
 «} 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyimi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochd, 
 Sokpa, . , 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Sdnw^r, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 P^khya, 
 
 New£r, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 f Kir^nti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng. 
 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdlili, . . 
 
 Sing-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khiling, . 
 _ Dungmili, 
 
 f Dirhi,j . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepkng, . 
 Bhr^mu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Upari. 
 
 Goyan, goyen, goiti, gora. 
 
 Paallinen. 
 
 Pent. 
 
 Ust, yokaru. 
 
 Ahpsey. 
 
 Maghla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dcrgi. 
 
 Ing-4uivitr, 
 
 Nginggil. 
 
 Didtas. 
 
 Shang. 
 
 Shang. 
 
 Sheong. 
 
 Zong-deu. 
 
 Teng. 
 
 Vyeni, uye. 
 
 Burzd. 
 
 Sydng-thou. 
 
 U'rkyL 
 
 Gdng. 
 
 C/tii. 
 
 Ttkh. 
 
 Tkrt. 
 
 Child. 
 
 Sitengna. 
 
 Teng, cM, yegi. 
 
 Tydng. 
 
 Jii. 
 
 TAnri. 
 
 Toydng. " ' _ 
 
 Dhknam. ' v -y^- • - 
 
 Caret. " ,— • 
 
 Hapra. 
 
 Cho. 
 
 Thdng. 
 
 Madhani. 
 Dhdla, dhdlo. 
 Euchokda, euchongda, 
 ' UtSnbe. \eukhukda. 
 
 Itwa ta, itb-ta. 
 ltd, adhdni, angyiini. 
 Tb. 
 
 Bhdta, ivttbla. 
 U'mdiiptu, metwdka, 
 Denda. Sjnetyoka. 
 
 Hdtyu, apiye-di. 
 Songpittii, mittu, mito, 
 Itemdu, to. 
 Milttii. 
 
 Mitdni, ^. ,'."■■ ,' 
 
 TMdld. , ■,; :■;'' ■ 
 TMd. ' : 
 
 Hdti-dd. 
 
 Wpara. 
 Akdsai. 
 Cho-gu-tha. 
 Caret. 
 Hit-khai. 
 Wa-ne. 
 U'para. 
 Drasuok. 
 Upara, 
 
 AtAn, tal, aplbng, • 
 Ten-khd, ting. 
 
 05 
 
 ft:) 
 
 I 
 
 
 Bodo, Chkd. 
 
 Dhimil, Phiitd. 
 
 Kocch, PMtd (?). 
 
 Garo, Pirvai, 
 
 Kdchdri, Sa. 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Novvgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Ktimi, .... 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 I 
 
 Mathuk. 
 
 Ding. 
 
 Kawang. 
 
 Tamachwgii. 
 
 Bale. 
 
 A'klibnaiig. 
 
 Talak. 
 
 Tatliak. 
 
 Talcng. 
 
 Taliito. 
 
 Picho. 
 
 Ning-tsang. 
 
 Apo-mhd. 
 
 Apo-mhd, a-hiei-ma. 
 
 Ada-ma-ka. 
 
 A-koung-be. 
 
 r-kltiti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Atotd. 
 
 Apawko. 
 
 A'paiigku, kr-tah. 
 
 EnkL 
 
 Pamon. 
 
 Trtn. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Siamese, Ti-nan-bon. 
 
 Ahom, Nu. 
 
 Khdmti, Kanlu. 
 
 Laos, Pin. 
 
 r Ho (Kol), .... Sirma-r'e. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sirma. 
 
 Santdli, Sirma, muchdt-re. 
 
 Bhiimij, Sirma. 
 
 Urdon, Meyah. 
 
 Mundala, Chaitan. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Meche. 
 
 Gondi, Kis,parro. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk Caret, 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Mele. 
 
 KhoniJ, Caret. 
 
 Sdvara Lanka. 
 
 Gadaba Tommd. 
 
 Yerukala, ' 'Mene. 
 
 Chentsu, Vupdr, vuparot. 
 
 Tamil, anc Misei. 
 
 Tamil, mod MH, mkle. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Mele, mite. 
 
 Telugu, Payina, midd. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Kar^dtaka, mod., . . M'ele. 
 
 Tuluva, Mett. 
 
 Kurgi, -mkke, -kodi. 
 
 Toduva, > . . . . Caret. 
 
 Toda, j Mel. 
 
 K6ta, Mele. 
 
 Batjaga, Mele, vodega. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Mele. 
 
 Iruk Mele, moke. 
 
 Malabar, Melei, uyara. 
 
 Sinhalese, Ihala. 
 
68 
 
 
 
 
 ET— UND (AUCH) 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■S (Sanskrit, , . . . CAa, api. 
 
 \ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 Wa,fa, thoinma. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 . Ere, here. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 . /a, my OS. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s' 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 S , 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 Tshu. 
 
 cS 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 . Geli. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Lan. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Kaliyan. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Dan. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 . Ho. 
 
 fcil 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 . Ho. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 . T'tmg. 
 
 ■I' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 . Yd, loh. 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 . lit. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Soste, -7no. 
 
 Brahui, . 
 
 
 
 . U. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 . Orcha. 
 
 N 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •% 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Thochu, . 
 
 
 
 . Tah, dah. 
 
 i 
 
 Sokpa, , . 
 
 
 
 . Fichhe. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 . , Re. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 . . Ydng. 
 
 
 ^ Tibetan (spoken). 
 
 
 . . Ydng. 
 
 
 ^Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 , . D&iig, ang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sunwdr, . 
 
 
 
 . . Nil. 
 
 1 
 
 Gurung, . 
 
 
 
 . . Yi. 
 
 5 
 
 Murmi, 
 
 
 
 Yen, den. 
 
 Vi , 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 . . Ra. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 
 
 . . Bikigang, 
 
 i 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 . . Ra. 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 . Ang, nang. 
 . . Ang 
 
 . . Ning. 
 
 Pini, pitigno. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 . . Ning, chhdng. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 . . YL nang, ydng. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 . . Sa, Id. 
 
 i 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 . . Chha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 . . Yd, dng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 . . Yt. 
 
 52. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 . , Sb. 
 
 ■s^ 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 , . Ntmg, bo. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 . . Yo. 
 
 ^J 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 . , Sd, song. 
 
 5 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 i 
 
 
 . . Chha. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Dumi, . . 
 Khdling, _ . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 . . Sdng. 
 Sdng. 
 . . Yb. 
 . . Niing-yo. 
 . . Chhang. 
 
 "^ 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 . . Ra, pun (?). 
 
 1- 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 , . . Sa, sua (?), 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 . . Khd (?). 
 
 "^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 , , Wbng 
 
 f^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 . . U. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 . , Gyti, 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 . . Caret, 
 
 «5 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 . . Kd. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 . . Ld. 
 
 
 BhUtdni v. LI 
 
 lop 
 
 a, 
 
 . . Dd. 
 
 -AND-i-ET. 
 
 [chap, hi.— adverhs, etc. 
 
 ft) 
 
 
 a 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman [written), 
 Burman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kiimi, . . 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 um 
 
 I 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Bi, bo. 
 Edong. 
 
 Evong, 0, dro. 
 Bd. 
 Caret. 
 
 Sung, ama-sulei. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 0{?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 0, dro (?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A in. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Lin-kong. 
 
 laigaung, yuay. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Young. 
 
 Dau, daw, sa-kaw, 
 Dai. 
 La. 
 Caret. 
 Vd. 
 
 Le, kap, tak. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Le. 
 
 Ando, atido (?). 
 
 U'ndo. 
 
 A' do, ar, rehong. 
 
 Ar. 
 
 Aur, 
 
 Inni, 
 
 Inseki, 
 
 Unde, lide. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 (?), ar. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 (?), ado. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 0{?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tonnb. 
 
 Num. 
 
 Ke, ye. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 -um. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -um, num. 
 
 -nni, -nnu, -nunyiu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -u. 
 
 No. 
 
 -A. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 0{?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 0{?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Um, thanum. 
 
 -ta, -da. 
 
CHAP. HI. — ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 COMME— WIE— AS— KAK— UT, 
 
 69 
 
 Tyfics. 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, . , 
 %, (Arauic, . . . 
 
 ' Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, , . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 I 
 
 ><; 
 
 t 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 R 
 
 
 I 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, Handunos. 
 
 YathA. 
 
 K (insep. prefix). 
 
 Bezala, bezela, bekela, legez, 
 
 Niinkuin. \laso. 
 
 Mint. 
 
 Gcbi. 
 
 Bcddch, 
 
 Mcbr. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sapolah. 
 
 Satingkah. 
 
 Saparii. 
 
 Che-yatig. 
 Che-yang. 
 Kom-yeong. 
 Ki-zen; zu-dung.. 
 Nd. 
 Yoni. 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . . 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 Tdkpa, . . . 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 Thochil, . . . 
 Sokpa, .... 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 Ah-men-ti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dantang. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Tek. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naya. 
 
 Hadks'&g. 
 
 Khdnda. 
 
 ' Serpa, Kdndk. 
 
 Silnwir, ■ Dbdio. 
 
 Giirung, Khaga-liyon. '• 
 
 Miirmi, Khdj'ii. 
 
 Magar, KMdngcha, 
 
 Thdksya, Khajibd. 
 
 Pikhya, Caret. 
 
 Newir, Gathing. 
 
 Limbu, Aphddong-bd. 
 
 ' Kir&ti, Khdin sMo. 
 
 Rodong Caret. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Caret. 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Hbkhyakkha (?). 
 Ndchhereng, .... Ddkhtb (?). 
 
 Wiling, Hagn'ekagna. 
 
 Yikha, Irok-ha. 
 
 Chourisya, .... A'sijokcho. 
 Kulungya, .... Ddtiikwa. 
 
 Thulungya, .... ffeka, Mkgndm. 
 
 Bihingya, Gekho (?). 
 
 Lohorong, .... Mantok (?). 
 Lambichhong, . . . Caret. 
 
 BdMli, Caret. 
 
 Sing-ping, .... Caret. 
 
 Diimi, Caret. 
 
 Khiling, Caret. 
 
 Dungmili, .... Caret. 
 
 Dirhi, Ja-sai. 
 
 Denwir, Jd-tihi. 
 
 Pahri, GM. 
 
 Cheping, Caret. 
 
 Bhrimu, Jun. 
 
 Viyu, Hdng-nga. 
 
 Kuswar, Jdsege. 
 
 Kusunda, Natiya. 
 
 Thiru, Jaisan. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Salom.. 
 
 Bhutini v. Lhopa, . . Kate. 
 
 I 
 ft:) 
 
 h 
 8 
 to 
 
 is 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 Bodo, Jirin. 
 
 Dili mil, /'''^i"ig- 
 
 Kocch, Jcmoti. 
 
 Garo, Jegdndd. 
 
 Kichiri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Asundouna, 
 
 Mftliin Nigi, . . . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Nigi, . . . Caret. 
 
 Khii-i Nigi Caret 
 
 Angimi Nigi, . . . Caret. 
 
 Nimsing Nigi, . . Caret. 
 
 Nowgong Nigi, . . Caret. 
 
 Tengsa Nigi, . . . Caret. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Caret, 
 
 Sibsigar Miri, . . . Caret. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Caret. 
 
 Singpho, Caret. 
 
 ' Burman {wriiicn), . . Keso. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Getho, Kai-tho. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . .• Caret. 
 
 Kimi, Hi-nd-i. 
 
 Kiimi, Caret. 
 
 Mnl v. Toung, . . . Caret. ■ 
 
 Sik, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Nwaytseik-nau. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... De-i, di-ne, 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Bayi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Nay-yb. 
 
 Shin, Neik-youk. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Nhu\ 
 
 Siamese, Ni. 
 
 Ahom, Caret. 
 
 Khimti, Caret. 
 
 Laos, Caret. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Umchileka. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Nud-leko. 
 
 Santili, Ind-leko, nung-kd. 
 
 Bhilmij, Nun-kd. 
 
 Urion, Caret. 
 
 Mundala, NimnA. 
 
 Rijmahali, .... Nung-kd. 
 
 Gondi Inchur mandd. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Nun-kd (?). 
 
 Midi Caret 
 
 Midia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikidi, Caret. 
 
 Khond, Caret. 
 
 Sivara, Caret 
 
 Gadaba, Caret. 
 
 Yerakala, Caret. 
 
 Chentsu, Lakha. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc Kaduppa. 
 
 Tamij, mod., .... -pola. 
 
 Malayilma, anc, . , Caret. 
 
 Malayilma, mod., . . -pol. 
 
 Telugu,' Vale. 
 
 Karnitaka, anc, . . -pol. 
 
 Karnitaka, mod., . . -hdge. 
 
 Tuluva, Anchane. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Caret. 
 
 Toda, ) .... Yingei. 
 
 Kdta, Yete. 
 
 Badaga, Hyinge, yetate. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Yetate. 
 
 Irula, Yepadi. 
 
 Malabar, Pol, ena. 
 
 [ Sinhalese, -wdg'e. 
 
70 
 
 AU-DESSOUS—UNTER— BELOW— VNIZU—SUBTER, 
 
 [chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 Types. 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 <!, IArabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, . , 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 ■f Mongolian, 
 tS Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, , . . 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 s 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 •a 
 
 t 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 1, 
 
 fi; 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin 
 Chinese, Canton 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 ■ Gyimi, 
 Gyirung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochu, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 Siinw^, . 
 GUrung, . 
 Miirml, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 RUngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Naclihereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Adhas. 
 Taht. 
 
 Azpian, azpira, bean. 
 
 Alia. 
 
 Lmt-ala. 
 
 Alt, ashagh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dabla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Fedshergi. 
 
 Ngisor. 
 
 Ngatidap. 
 
 Dibdwah. 
 
 Hia. 
 Hia. 
 Ha. 
 O-deui. 
 E-bin, e-toe. 
 Sta, sita. 
 
 She/. 
 
 Ti syd. 
 Wdki. 
 Wd. 
 Zye. 
 Kbl. 
 Tbrb. 
 Wb. 
 
 Ho-gna. 
 Wb, syii, magi. 
 
 Wag. 
 
 Yii. 
 
 Munri. 
 
 Moyang. 
 
 Mhdka. 
 
 Mast. 
 
 Tala. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Mb. 
 
 Mbyini, 
 Hila, hwilo. 
 Mtipi'mi, uyuni. 
 Mbba. 
 
 V'yuyu. 
 
 Iti'i, akhtikyu. 
 
 Mb. 
 
 Bhdya, bhayola. 
 
 U' mdhbkpu, n-Akka-ah. 
 
 Goyu. 
 
 Hdyu, apum-di. 
 
 KMikmemo, mili-mi'i. 
 
 Ikhi-k-bk-mb. 
 
 Mi'iK-mu. 
 
 Mu-yi'ini. 
 
 Yukdld. 
 
 Yiikd. 
 
 Ungk-hok-ino. 
 
 mt. 
 
 Hi-then. 
 
 Ko-gu-thd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hu-mai. 
 
 Hu-the. 
 
 Hit. 
 
 Tuvidi. 
 
 Tare. 
 
 Achi'mi, cheul, sadam. 
 Wbh. 
 
 
 'Bodo, 
 
 Sying. 
 
 1' 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 
 Ltd. 
 
 1^ . 
 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 Letd, adhar (?). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Churik vai. 
 
 fe; 
 
 ^Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Sin. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Makha. 
 
 "8 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Hopang. 
 
 feo 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Opang. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Tamoksing. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Chakise. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Akhannang. 
 
 8 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tasung. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tachung. 
 
 8 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Rumking. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Rumkube. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Kumo. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Katai. 
 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 Okmha. 
 
 ! 
 
 Burraan {spoken), . . 
 
 Aukmha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 De-kan. 
 
 h ' 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 Thing-be. 
 
 8 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 I-klot. 
 
 ^ 
 y 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 fc 
 ^ 
 
 .Sdk, 
 
 Caret, 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Kha-ta-ta. 
 
 g 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Apawlah. 
 
 ■g 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Apunglah. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Enla. 
 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Palon. 
 
 Annamitic, . , . 
 
 Dwoi. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Khan-la, ti. 
 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Lep. 
 
 <<! 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Lum. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 Suba-r'e. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Subd. 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 Phed, butdre, Idtdrate. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 
 Athe. 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Kiyah. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Ldtin. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Pissi. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Naili, sir, khdlai, mandar 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 r 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, . . , . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 nJ 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kurd, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Digu. 
 
 
 Khorid, .... 
 
 Nede. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Jayitd. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Albm. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Tallen. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Tolot, ibl. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . . 
 
 Kizhakku, kilakku. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., , , . 
 
 Kizh, kizhe. ' 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydiraa, mod., . 
 
 Tdzhe,. tdzhe. 
 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 Kinda. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 J 
 
 Karnataka, mod,, . 
 
 Kelage. 
 
 N 
 
 Tuluva, .... 
 
 Sett. 
 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 -kida. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Torluva,) . . . 
 Toda, I . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Erg, neshg 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 Kriyage. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Kria. 
 
 
 KurumlDa, . . . 
 
 Kelage. 
 
 
 Iruja, 
 
 Kdlake. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Kelei. 
 
 
 Sinhalese,. . . . 
 
 Pahala. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] ENTRE-ZWISCHEN— BETWEE N—MEZHDI— INTER. 
 
 71 
 
 fei 
 
 Types. 
 
 ^ (Sanskrit, 
 <g> (Arabic, . 
 
 s 
 § 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Turkish 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay 
 
 ■c 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 Antar. 
 Bcin. 
 
 Ariean, artera, arte. 
 
 Waihella. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Et-katsh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sidende. 
 
 Selan. 
 
 Selan. 
 
 Ditangah. 
 
 Chung-kien. 
 
 Chung-chien. 
 
 Chung-kan. 
 
 Tong-tsutig. 
 
 Tiong-ng, 
 
 Aida, naka. 
 
 ^ r Gydmi, . . , 
 Jn Gydrung, . . 
 Tikpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . , 
 Thochd, . . , 
 Sokpa, . . . . 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), , 
 
 'Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Siinw^r, . . . 
 
 Giirung, . . . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . . 
 
 ■s i Magar, . . . 
 
 Thiksya, . . . 
 
 P^khya, . . . 
 
 Newir, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 Kir^nti, . . . 
 
 Rodong, . . . 
 Rdngchenbung, . 
 
 Chhingtingya, . 
 
 N^chhereng, . . 
 
 Wiling, . . . 
 
 Yikha, . . . 
 
 Chourisya, . . 
 
 Kulungya, . . 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bihingya, . . . 
 
 Lohorong, . . 
 
 Lambichliong, . 
 
 BdMli, . . . . 
 
 Sing-ping, . . 
 Dilmi, .... 
 
 Khiling, . . . 
 
 [ Dungmdli, . . 
 
 ' Dirhi, .... 
 Denwir, . . . 
 Pahri, .... 
 Cheping, . . . 
 Bhrlmu, . . . 
 Viyu, .... 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 Thiru, 
 
 05 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 
 
 Tiing-Jen. 
 Ule, tile. 
 Bi'd-kd, Mpd. 
 Onglhe. 
 Ttgii. 
 Totmg dA 
 Kyiikii. 
 Bar, du. 
 Bhar. 
 
 Par. 
 
 Datk. 
 
 Khionri. 
 
 Gitngari. ' " 
 
 Mi khidng. 
 
 Kung ri. 
 
 Mdjha. 
 
 DatM. 
 
 Kiiliim. 
 
 L^ndi. 
 Mrd, mdrtt. 
 Lumda, rddoa. 
 
 Urhdbe. 
 
 Umlam. 
 
 Umrdpe, arddha, adhung-ya. 
 
 Mm. 
 
 Khdchii khachilo, gota. 
 
 Umrdpi. 
 
 TMte. 
 
 A'lyo, aleu-da. 
 
 Li!iinbe, liimpi. 
 
 IMm-U. 
 
 Mdjhdbi, Mhpi. 
 
 Ammrdpi. 
 
 Mdjhibi. ' V "V: 
 
 Olipphibi. "r" 
 
 U'mrd, ■iimrdbi. 
 
 Mdjhai. 
 
 Majhen. 
 
 Ddri. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A-sal. 
 
 Mddim-be. 
 
 Manjhi. 
 
 Gijhdgda. 
 
 Biche. 
 
 Abik, acMk. 
 Pdnd. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 "k 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 
 Bodo, Gejer. 
 
 Dhimdl, Majhata. 
 
 Kocch, Antar (?). 
 
 Garo, Majdr-vai. 
 
 Kichiri, Caret. 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 . Moyaida. 
 
 Mfthin Nigi, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgi, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Khiri Nigi, . . . 
 
 . Tiong 
 
 Angimi Ndgi, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Nimsing Nigi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nowgong Nigi, 
 
 . Kimd. 
 
 Tengsa Nigi, . . 
 
 . Ulam. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Radang, 
 
 Sibsijgar Miri, . . 
 
 . A'rdso. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ^Singpho, . . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 . Akrdmhd. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 . Akydmhd-alay-mha 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 A-lhd-ka-ku. 
 
 Kimi, 
 
 Thin-be, u-thin-d. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 . Si-Id. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Adho. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... A'bersir. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... A' bong-tsung, 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Akha. 
 
 Shin, Akhun. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Yiiia. 
 
 Siamese, Khalan, wang. 
 
 Ahom, Klang. 
 
 Khimti, Caret. 
 
 Laos, Caret. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Caret. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Talark. 
 
 Santili, Tdldre. 
 
 Bhdmij, Talark. 
 
 Urion, Majin. 
 
 Mundala, Ta.lar. 
 
 Rijmahali, .... Mdji. 
 
 Gondi, Nuddum, bichte mandar. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Midi, Caret. 
 
 Midia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikidi, Nadiiwa. 
 
 Khorid, ..... Madde. 
 
 Sivara, Lanka. 
 
 Gadaba, Voinidi. 
 
 Yerukala, Neduve. 
 
 Chentsu Mayidhit, nibyid. 
 
 'Tamil, anc Ndppan. 
 
 Tamil, mod., .... -nadu, -naduve. 
 
 Malayilma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malayilma, mod., . . Natukke, natuvil. 
 
 Telugu, -nadama, -naduma. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . -maduve. 
 
 Tuluva, -nadu. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Caret. 
 
 Toda, I" .... Ndrth, -kdshi. 
 
 Kdta, -nadle. 
 
 Badaga, -naduve. 
 
 Kurumba, .... -naduve. 
 
 Iruk, -naduve. 
 
 Malabar -lidei, -idiyil. 
 
 Sinhalese, -atare. 
 
72 
 
 PAR— DURCH (VON)— BY— OT (SO)— PER. 
 
 [CHAP, in.— ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 feo 
 
 Types. 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 <!, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 [ Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf, . . . 
 
 t 
 
 Gydmi, . . . 
 
 Gydnmg, . . . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 
 Thochu, . . . 
 Sokpa, .... 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan (sfoken), . 
 
 Serpa, .... 
 
 Siinwdr, . . . 
 
 Giirung, . . . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 
 I 
 
 Kirdnti, . . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, , 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . , 
 Chepdng, , 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 -a, -bhydm,^ -bkis^ (instn). 
 B- (insep. prefix). 
 
 -z, -zas. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -a, -rol. 
 
 -dan. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 -gan. 
 
 -yer, -ber. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dene. 
 
 Dening. 
 
 U'lih. 
 
 Yimg. 
 
 Yung. 
 
 Yu7ig. 
 
 Tang. 
 
 Eng. 
 
 -de, motte. 
 
 -ene. 
 
 La. 
 Gi. 
 Gi. 
 Le. 
 
 r. 
 
 Ra. 
 
 Khd, wii. 
 
 Kyis, gis, his, yis. 
 
 r. 
 
 Elongation of terminal 
 Mi. [vowel. 
 
 A 
 
 Sye. 
 Ye, i. 
 Kau. 
 Le. 
 
 Ang. 
 Ille, mi. 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Wd. 
 
 Ya,d. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 A'. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 E,yL 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 A'. 
 
 A', gnd. 
 
 A'. 
 
 A. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'i. 
 
 Le. 
 
 Nan, sa. 
 Ki, dd. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 1*^ 
 ^ 
 
 1: 
 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bodo, . , 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Kiimi, ... 
 Mnl V. Toung, 
 ,Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . . 
 Mddi, . . . 
 Mddia, , . 
 Kuri, . . , 
 Keikddi, . . 
 Khond, . . 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, . . 
 Yerukala, . . 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., , 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, , . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Jong. . 
 Dong, ow, sho. 
 Diyd. 
 Man. 
 Caret. 
 
 Na. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Wd. 
 Nu. 
 U7nnus. 
 Appunge. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Phrang. 
 
 Phyen. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nakeu. 
 
 AghawHi. 
 
 Boh-koh. 
 
 Tome. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -t'e. 
 lete. 
 
 -iydte, -idte, -hatete. 
 By affix. 
 By affix. 
 A'tam. 
 By affix. 
 
 Lgat, tiirse, durse. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Sitholo. 
 Rom. 
 Valla. 
 Soyi. 
 
 -dn. 
 
 -dl, -nale. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -dl, -konda. 
 
 -valla, -wiilla, -cheta. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -inda. 
 
 -ath. 
 
 -gondii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -ind, ar. 
 
 -inde. 
 
 -inda. 
 
 -inda. 
 
 -irinda, inda. 
 
 -kondu, dl. 
 
 -wisin. 
 
CHAP, ni— ADVERBS, ETC.] LOIN— FERN (WEIT)— FAR— DALEKO— LONGE, 
 
 7i 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, . . ■;■ 
 Ȥ, (Arabic, . . . '.' 
 
 Bask, . . . . . 
 Finnic, . . . . 
 Magyar, .... 
 Turkish, .... 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . ... 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 ^ Malay, .... 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 I "> Chinese, Shanghai, 
 '^ Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 feo 
 
 ^ 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 Braliuf, 
 
 g 
 
 ■S 
 
 11 
 
 I 
 
 Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gydning, . . 
 
 Tcikpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thochil, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan (^written). 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sunwir, . . 
 
 Gdrung, . . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Th£ksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 New^r, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kird,nti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 N^chhereng. 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 Y^kha, . 
 Chour^sya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdlili, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdii, 
 
 ' Dirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Diiram, paras. 
 Baaid. 
 
 Urruti, nrrun. 
 
 Kaukainen. 
 
 Messze. 
 
 Uzak. 
 
 Tshihshey. 
 
 Kide. 
 
 Khola. 
 
 Goro. 
 
 Adoh. 
 
 Tcbih. 
 
 Dakat. 
 
 Yf/cn. 
 Yiian. 
 iJn. 
 Ytin, 
 Hng. 
 Toku. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ywbi, 
 Ka-sri. 
 Ringh'i. 
 Rassd. 
 Grikho. 
 Khblb. 
 Chkhi. 
 Nt, nye. 
 Thdring. 
 
 Riinbo. 
 
 Gnani. 
 
 RMmb. 
 
 Thdring. 
 
 Lbs.. ■ 
 
 Chari. 
 
 Tdhi. 
 
 Tdpd. 
 
 Mdnkhb. 
 
 Mdngsd. 
 
 Mokhd, mise, mose. 
 
 Mdngsa, mangkhlyada, 
 
 Mdngnma, mangno. 
 
 Chhiburu. 
 
 Mdngkhaya. 
 
 Mangdiina. 
 
 Bhdna. 
 
 ChMgri. 
 
 Chhyubat. 
 
 Brdba, hare. , 
 
 Wb, miyo. 
 
 Mdnglok. . 
 
 Tdrho.^ ..^ jv 
 
 Chhiisi. ,, '. ; 
 
 Chhy£ ...^r:':' '" 
 Chhy-Upd. " ' ' 
 Mdng, mang-khd-yd. 
 
 Tdrho. 
 
 Tar-hai, 
 
 Ta-pa-le. 
 
 Dydng-to. 
 
 Ka-loh. 
 
 Ho-ldm. 
 
 Dii-re. 
 
 Isinha. 
 
 Uhd. 
 
 Maram. 
 Thdring. 
 
 h 
 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bodo, .... 
 Dhimdl, . . . 
 Kocch, . , . 
 Garo, .... 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung NAgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgti, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Teng.sa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman (wriuen), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kiimi, . . 
 MrU v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, aric, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 Malayd}ma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Kari;idtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Gajdng. 
 
 Di'ire. 
 
 Di'ir. 
 
 Pijdng. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ardpa. 
 
 Atai. 
 
 Kdtikc. 
 
 Uragn. 
 
 Cha7vL 
 
 mm. 
 
 Talaiig. 
 
 Langla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Modo. 
 
 As-aiti. 
 
 Tsan. 
 
 Wt. 
 
 We, a-wd-mha. 
 
 Tsua-alau-ame. 
 
 Khdn-ld. 
 
 Pi-bi-pa-i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nn-Dia-way. 
 Yi, yizi. 
 Yaing. 
 Hyd. 
 An-kehn. 
 Xa. 
 
 Ka-rihn, kit. 
 Jau, sai. 
 Kai. 
 Kai. 
 
 Sanging. 
 
 Sdngtng, sdngintya.' 
 
 Sdnging. 
 
 Sdnginiya. 
 
 G'echa. 
 
 Sdngin. 
 
 Gechi. 
 
 Lak, langkak mandar. 
 
 Lak. 
 
 Lab. 
 
 Daw. 
 
 Pereddui. 
 
 Vilak, jeku. 
 
 Lap. 
 
 Atdr. 
 
 Dt'iram. 
 
 Atumank. 
 
 Sangayi. 
 
 Stdbm. 
 
 Tiira, kitte. 
 
 Dt'ir. 
 
 Seimei. 
 
 Tidei, dtiram. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Akalc. 
 
 Davvti, duramu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Podthdshi. 
 
 Durame. 
 
 Dura. 
 
 Di'ira. 
 
 Di'ira. 
 
 Thi'tra. 
 
 Dura. 
 
74 
 
 DE— VON— FROM— OT—AB (DE). 
 
 [CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, .... -as, -bhydm,^ -bhyas''' (abl.). 
 
 (Arabic, Min. 
 
 Bask, -dik, -tik, -gandik, -ganik. 
 
 Finnic, -Ita. 
 
 Magyar, -rol, -bol. 
 
 Turkish, -dan. 
 
 
 Circassian, . .' . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 . -sagan, -sgan. 
 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 
 . Etse. 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 . -tchi. 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Teka, saka. 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Sang/dug, saking. 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 . Dari. 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Ts'ung. 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Ts'ung, kheu. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Ts'ung. 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Dzyung. 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 . -yon, kara. 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 . -dng, -an. 
 
 h 
 
 
 ' Gy^i, ... . Li. 
 
 Gydrung, Shis, -s. 
 
 Tdkpa, r. 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . . Tha, ni. 
 
 Thochu, -k, to, ge. 
 
 Sokpa, ... . . Gdsd. 
 
 Horpa, Lhdno, gha. 
 
 Tibetan (writivit), . . Nas, las. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Ne, dine. 
 
 'Serpa, Nebd. 
 
 Sdnwir, Gnd. 
 
 Gurung, Wdje. 
 
 Miirmi, Yanche. 
 
 Magar, In. 
 
 Thdksya, Kydche. 
 
 Pdkhya, Bdto. 
 
 Newdr, Ni shyang, ang, ydkcn. 
 
 Limbu, Nu, mani'i. 
 
 Ddnkd. 
 Ddkd, dam. 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhcrcng, 
 AVdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungradli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Ddni^kd. 
 Gnd. 
 A'm. 
 
 I'angliwa. 
 Bwang. 
 Logno. 
 Gna, d, pikd. 
 D-ang, kdng. 
 
 Bdng, pdng. 
 
 BeJwng. 
 
 Pdng, pi. 
 
 Pikd. 
 
 Bikd. 
 
 Bikd. 
 
 Bang, ibangd. 
 
 Nhe. 
 
 Sun. 
 
 Ang. 
 
 I. 
 
 Jdng, gdng. 
 
 Khen, 
 
 Batho, dtkhi. 
 
 Jang,jai. 
 
 Paidddekhalbat. 
 
 Nan, Hang. 
 NdU, le chdle. 
 
 So 
 
 I 
 
 0^ 
 
 h 
 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 ' Burman {■wriuen), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . 
 Annaniitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), ■ 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . , 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 Kolami, . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, , . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . , 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tami], mod., . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 -phra. 
 -sho. 
 
 -hoite (?). 
 Prd. 
 Caret. 
 
 Digi. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 ■te. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Odankang 
 
 Lokke. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ka. 
 
 Ga. 
 
 Ld. 
 
 Nd-i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Ler. 
 
 Ler. 
 
 A. 
 
 Kohn. 
 
 Boi. 
 
 Tway, 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Luk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -te. 
 
 Te {-te ?). 
 
 -ihenkhon, -khond, -khon. 
 
 -khon. 
 
 TL 
 
 Se. 
 
 -khon (?). 
 
 -te (?). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sitholo. 
 
 Rom. 
 
 Nunche. 
 
 Singa. 
 
 -il. 
 
 -ninru. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -ninna, -ilninna. 
 
 -nunchi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -inda, -deseyinda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -chellitti. 
 
 -n. 
 
 -ind, ar. 
 
 -inde. 
 
 -inda. 
 
 -inda. 
 
 -irinda, inda. 
 
 -dl, irunthu. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 ICI— HIER— HERE-ZDYES— HIC. 
 
 75 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■•g (Sanskrit, 
 «^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, , 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 
 •a 
 
 3 
 
 ,■&. 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amov, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (ivritten). 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 
 Sunwdr, . 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 Milrmi, . 
 Magar, 
 
 Thiksya, . 
 
 Pikhya, . 
 New^r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Nichhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . ' 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BAMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-p£ng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdiing, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDirhi, . , 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrlmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . ., 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Jha^ atra, 
 Hond, hdhond, 
 
 Emen,ona, onara, onat, tinat. 
 
 Tasa. 
 
 It. 
 
 Btiraya. 
 
 Mcdehshey (?). 
 
 Aka. 
 
 Ende. 
 
 Ubade. 
 
 Ketie. 
 
 Ngriki, 
 
 Disini. 
 
 Che-li, 
 Che-li. 
 Ni-chii. 
 Ti-teh. 
 
 Chi-tau, ti-chia. 
 Kokoni, koko. 
 
 Ddde. 
 
 Thi-mt, 
 
 Chidii. 
 
 Wo cho. 
 
 KhopA, dait. 
 
 Cho, kuzgd, chaksi, thaksi. 
 
 Indt. 
 
 Ud-A. 
 
 Hadina. 
 
 Dicho. 
 
 Dirti. 
 Watha. 
 Chiiri. 
 JydsL 
 Ilak. 
 Kesichosi, 
 Yktd. 
 TMkL 
 Kbt-nd. 
 
 Wadd. 
 
 Wada. 
 
 Oda. 
 
 jBdye, bdy'etni. 
 
 Ik, yiksa. 
 
 I'ydk, wada, waya. 
 
 Khk, ndkhL 
 
 Alo, amna, alvi. 
 
 Yiksa, ingkwdpi. 
 
 A' no, dsi, asinda. 
 
 Ydkdre, eke, yeke. 
 
 Igobe, tgiyii, ktyii. 
 
 Ndbe, nate. 
 
 Kobi, koy&. 
 
 Nopyd, nopi. 
 
 Ttbi. 
 
 Tdbi, tdbignd, 
 
 Ibi, ydk. 
 
 r-chi. 
 
 Yi-H. 
 
 TMgu-thd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hi-di. 
 
 I-ne, i-the. 
 
 Achi-na. 
 
 Tau-wa. 
 
 Yehara. 
 
 Alim, aba. 
 DitL 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 "k 
 
 I 
 
 g 
 ^ 
 
 
 •« 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 to 
 
 ■ Bodo 
 
 Imbo. 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 
 . I'sho. 
 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 . Yahdn. 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Yaydn. 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 . Asida. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Niigd, . . 
 
 . Card. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Nikb. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Haki. 
 
 Ndrasdng Nd,gd, . . 
 
 Anang. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Ybng. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Iga. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Sho. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . , 
 
 So. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Lahore. 
 
 . Singpho, . ■ . . , 
 
 Nade. 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 Simhd. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Thimha. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 iSli-dm. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Hia, ya. 
 
 Kilmi, 
 
 Hi-bang, 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .Sdk 
 
 Caret. 
 
 'Talain v. Mon, . . . 
 
 Kha-7m-na7i. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 'Fail 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . . 
 
 Taniig-yu. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Yo. 
 
 Shdn, ..... 
 
 Kaniht. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . . 
 
 D&i. 
 
 Siamese, 
 
 Hta-ni, ni. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 U, tinai. 
 
 Khdmti, 
 
 Phe, thai. 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Ni. 
 
 ■Ho(Kol) 
 
 Nendre. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . 
 
 Nethd. 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Nante. 
 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 Nethai. 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Isan. 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Nithi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . . 
 
 Ino. 
 
 Goncli, 
 
 Ingabard. 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Tenne. 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Tennb. 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Yatukire, yinge. 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 ['hand, yechhini 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, _ . . . . 
 
 Ivan. 
 
 Tamil, mod., , . , . 
 
 Pngu. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . 
 
 Ivite. 
 
 Telugu, 
 
 Ikkada. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., , 
 
 Illi. 
 
 Tu}u'va, .... 
 
 Inchi. 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 Illi. 
 
 Toduva,) . , . 
 Tofla, 1 . . . 
 
 Itt. 
 
 It, ing. 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 lydne. 
 
 Badaga, . . , . 
 
 Illi. 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Illi. 
 
 Irula 
 
 Inge. 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Ingd. 
 
 j^ Sinhalese, .... 
 
 MehL 
 
76 
 
 COMMENT— WIE— HOW ?— KAK— QUI. 
 
 [CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Sanskrit, 
 
 Katham, 
 
 %, ^Arabic, . . 
 
 . . . Keif. 
 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 ■ ■ ■ Nola, zelan. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 ■ ■ Kuinka. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 ■ Hogy. 
 
 ^-3 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 . . . Nasi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 . . . Sidii shit. 
 
 s 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 . . . Kith. 
 
 :5 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 ■ . . Yagho/i-yer. 
 
 tS 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 ■ . ■ Adarainc. 
 
 
 Javanese, Nj. 
 
 'oko, . . Kapriye. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ki 
 
 ama, , . Kadospundi. 
 
 
 Malay, . 
 
 ■ ■ Bagijudita. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nai 
 
 ikin, . . Tsen-mo-yang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Pel 
 
 an, . . Tsen-mo-yang. 
 
 
 Chinese, Cai 
 
 iton, . . Tim-yeong. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Sha 
 
 nghai, . Na-nang. 
 
 >5 
 
 Amoy, Colloc 
 
 uial, . Chiah-iun. 
 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 JDoste, ikan. 
 
 
 Brahui, . 
 
 . . . . Kdu. 
 
 J 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 . . . Thi-md. 
 
 t; 
 
 Gy^ung, . 
 
 Thigiipso, this-pe. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 Katin-gyd. 
 
 k 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 . . . . Hamts-tnoh. 
 
 •§ , 
 
 Thochii, . 
 
 . . . Nikanji'i, 7tikachan. 
 
 2? 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 . . . . A'chibi. 
 
 
 Tibetan (lirrUt 
 
 ch), . . Ts/tg, chitsug. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {spoke 
 
 It), . . . Khd-che, khanda. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 
 . . . Kdnde, kdndd. 
 
 ^-^ 
 
 Siinwir, . 
 
 . . . . Dbdiv. 
 
 rf 
 
 Gurung, . 
 
 . . . Khaga liyon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Miirrai, 
 
 . . . Khdtpd. 
 
 ^ ' 
 
 Magar, 
 
 . . . Ki'iddiig-clia. 
 
 ^ 
 
 'I'hdksya, . 
 
 Kluyiildba. 
 
 
 PAkhya, . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 . . . Gathc, ge. 
 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 . . . Apha. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 
 . . . A'insi'cko. 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 . . . Ddskwa, ddsbkwa. 
 
 
 Rungchenbui 
 
 g, . . . Khai?isaki, khd'insc 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya 
 
 , . . . HbkhyakklM. 
 
 ,x 
 
 Ndclihereng, 
 
 . . . Ddkhtb. 
 
 i 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 TIa\::)itka'^na. 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 . . . Ndhbk. 
 
 5 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 . . A' si chokcho. 
 
 s. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 . . U'ddim, ddim. 
 
 ■s^" 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Hesaka, heka, hL 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 . . . Gekho, gekhom. 
 
 O 
 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong 
 
 . . . Mantok, mantoKye. 
 , . , . Hende-khd. 
 
 .c 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 . . . Apto. 
 
 •< 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 . . . Ydn-tako. 
 
 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 Hemphem. 
 
 
 Khdling, ^ . 
 
 Hemphem. 
 
 
 L Dungmdli, 
 
 . . Tcte. 
 
 
 r Ddrhi, . . 
 
 Kd-sai. 
 
 1 
 
 1 )cnw.ir, . 
 
 , , . Ka-nhc. 
 
 <; 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 . . . Gi-re. 
 
 > 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 . . . Hi-tu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 . . . Hnng-ngd. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 . . . Kd-sege. 
 . . . Natuwan. 
 
 oq 
 
 ^ Thdru, . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikk 
 
 m), . . Salom. 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. Lli 
 
 opa, . . Kdte-bL 
 
 
 I 
 
 <o 
 
 13 
 
 ^ 
 I 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mi'thdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {xanUen), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v, Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, , 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Lnos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singliblnim), 
 
 Santdli, , . 
 
 Blidmij, . , 
 
 Urdon, . , 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 Kolami, . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, , 
 
 Yerukala, . , 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., , 
 Malaydjma, anc., 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 KanidLaka, mod,, 
 Tukiva, . , 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, J 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruk, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 £re. 
 
 He-sd, he-dong. 
 
 Kemon. 
 
 Bigdndd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kurumtotma. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kotisau. 
 
 Nokidihika. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kotau. 
 
 Katikiang. 
 
 Kdppida. 
 
 Kapu. 
 
 Dakang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bheso. 
 
 Bhetho. 
 
 I'ban. 
 
 Nd-ha-be. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tsoti-la. 
 
 Di-lai. 
 
 Baithele. 
 
 Leu-may. 
 
 Tso-hii. 
 
 The-u-do. 
 
 Ran-rihn, than phra het. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chialeka. 
 CJu-lika. 
 Chet-leko. 
 Clii-lika. 
 Yekassi. 
 Chilke. 
 Ikna. 
 Bdht'm. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Yedanii. 
 Caret. 
 Yengd. 
 Yerdti4i. 
 Yate. 
 Kemune. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Eppadi, yeppadi. 
 Caret. 
 Engine. 
 Etld, yetld. 
 Caret. 
 
 Jfydiige, yenlii. 
 Caret. 
 Yennane. 
 Caret. 
 Hyage. 
 Ykge. 
 
 Yetete, hyage. 
 Yetate. 
 Yepadi. 
 
 Eppadi, evoethamaka. 
 Kohomada. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 COMBIEN-WIE VIEL-HOW MUCH P-SKOLKO-QUANTUM. 
 
 n 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 
 'Bodo, Bechi-chibdng. 
 
 ■•g (Sanskrit, , . . 
 |, JARAiui 
 
 Kiyat: 
 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 Hc-jokho. 
 Koto, kiti. 
 
 Kam. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Bipdng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Zcmbat, zcimheste. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Ktiinka paljo. 
 
 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Mennyivd. 
 
 t5 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^fl 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 Kach. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Yet-shash. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 
 Kuia. 
 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 Raoden. 
 
 ■b 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Kichuru. 
 
 g" 
 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 
 Kedilr-tsineg }un . 
 
 ■| 
 
 Ndmsdiig Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Chento. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 Udu. 
 
 g 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Kaynka. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, , 
 
 Pira. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Katckat. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Pintcn. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 Eritko. 
 
 
 L Malay, .... 
 
 Bardpa. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 
 Uduko. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Yu-to-shaou. 
 Yu-to-shdou. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 
 Amelia. 
 Gadeina. 
 
 .«" 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Ki-to. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 Bhelok. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Ki-ho. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 
 Bhclauk. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Jod-choe. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 
 Hyau-i'im. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . . 
 
 Dono gurai, ikura. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 
 Ha-yt-to. 
 
 . - .-. 
 
 O ' 
 
 R 
 
 Kilmi, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 Akhadr. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 \> 
 
 'Gydmi, . . .""."'■ 
 
 Tb syb. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 .Sdk, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gy£irung, .... 
 
 This-ti. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Ma-tsi. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 Gb. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 Si-ah-Ia't, tse-ah. 
 
 MAnyak, .... 
 
 Trimni. 
 
 ■R 
 
 Pwo-karcn, 
 
 
 
 Tsa'i-ah-lai. 
 
 ■Si 
 
 Thochii, .... 
 
 Nikal. 
 
 i 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 
 
 KJiAiig liiiiay. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Sokpa, .... 
 
 In chhin ytibi. 
 
 e5 • 
 
 Shdn, . ^ . 
 
 
 
 Hta-nouiig. 
 
 1 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Haisyi. 
 Tsam, tsoma. 
 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 Mdy. 
 
 Htau-riht, ki km. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 KhA chwL 
 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 lo 
 
 Khdmti, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 'Serpa, . . . ... 
 
 Kajb. 
 
 
 ^ Laos, . . 
 
 
 
 Kilam. 
 
 1 
 
 Siinwdr, .... 
 Gurung, .... 
 Miirmi, . . _ . . 
 Magar, . "." V ".'" 
 Thdksya, . '." . . 
 Pdkhya, .... 
 Newir, .... 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 . Gisl. 
 . KdtL 
 . GddS. 
 
 . KMit: 
 
 Kdng nya. 
 . Rati. 
 . Guli. 
 . A'khen. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdlj, . 
 Bhumij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 
 urn). 
 
 
 Cheminang. 
 
 Chimidng. 
 
 Tin, tindh, tintiri. 
 
 Chimidng. 
 
 Yungpagi. 
 
 Chimna. 
 
 Ina. 
 
 Bachola, banchur. 
 
 
 'Kirdnti, .... 
 
 D'e mby'e. 
 
 ,« 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 Diim no. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 
 D'em ye. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 A'suk. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 *? 
 
 Nichhereng, . . . 
 
 Dtl. 
 
 c! 
 
 Mddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 Tent, dem. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, .... 
 
 Ingkhbg Iia. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, . . . 
 
 A'skwalo. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 
 
 Yeniabaru. 
 
 r 
 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 
 Dkiye-D'ei. 
 
 
 Khontil, . 
 
 
 
 Mesbni. 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 Hala, hayu, hamko. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Dite. 
 
 ci 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Gisko. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 
 
 Addisugb. 
 
 ■Ca 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Yeh-wa. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . 
 
 
 
 Yittana. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Ketta, keitaguld. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, 
 
 , Aptoklo. 
 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 
 
 
 Ettunei. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . 
 
 Ddhile. .-".■■ 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., 
 
 
 
 Evalavu, yevvalavu. 
 
 
 Ddmi, 
 
 Hebe. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, _. . . . 
 
 Hebe. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 
 Etra. 
 
 
 ^ Dungmdli, . . . 
 
 Tent. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . , 
 
 
 Enta, yenta. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Ddrhi, 
 
 Denwdr, .... 
 
 Kat-ha. 
 Kat-ha. 
 
 1 
 ^ 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 . Estitu. 
 . Ett. 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Chepdng 
 
 Bhrdmu, .... 
 
 Vdyu 
 
 Kuswar, 
 
 Kusunda, . . '. . 
 Thdru, 
 
 Gu-pi. ; 
 
 Caret. • 
 
 Ku-wa. 
 
 Hd-thd. 
 
 Katak. ; ^ 
 
 A'sina. 
 
 Ketand. 
 
 a 
 
 4 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, 1 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 . Caret. 
 . Yet. 
 . Ykje. 
 
 YSja. 
 
 Yesaga. 
 
 Yettani. 
 
 LeDcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 Satet. : 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Evvalovu. 
 
 
 Bhdtdniv. Lhopa^ .• 
 
 Kdj'eu. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Koccharada. 
 
78 
 
 EN— IN— IN— V— IN. 
 
 [chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ (Sanskrit, 
 f (Arabic, . 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 h 
 
 •o 
 
 I 
 
 t^ 
 
 'fe. 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 5^ 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shangliai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, . . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . . 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 Thocliu, . . . 
 Sokpa, . . , 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {luHtten), 
 Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, .... 
 
 Sunwdr, . . . 
 
 Gdmng, ... 
 
 Miirmi, ... 
 
 Magar, ... 
 
 Thdksya, ... 
 
 Pdkhya, ... 
 
 Newir, . . 
 
 Limbu, ... 
 
 ' Kirdnti, ... 
 
 Rodong, ... 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtd,ngya, . 
 
 Ndchhereng, . , 
 
 Wdling, . . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . . 
 
 Kulungya, . . 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 Lohorong, . . 
 
 I^ambichhong, . 
 
 Bdldli, .... 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . 
 
 IJumi, .... 
 
 Khdling, _ . ■ • 
 _ Dungmdli, . . 
 
 Ddrhi, .... 
 Denwdr, . . . 
 Pahri, .... 
 Chepdng, . ... 
 Bhrdmu, , . . 
 Vdyu, .... 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 Kusunda, . . , 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 -i, -(7j,i -su'^ (loc), 
 Fi. 
 
 -ft, -barreiun, -gan. 
 
 -ssa. 
 
 -ban. 
 
 -deh. 
 
 Ehkotz. 
 
 -shin. 
 
 Tur, dur. 
 
 Dolo, dorgi. 
 
 Jcro. 
 
 Lebet. 
 
 Di. 
 
 Tsdi. 
 
 Tsdi. 
 
 Plai. 
 
 Lch-lah. 
 
 Ti. 
 
 -ti. 
 
 La. 
 
 -s, pri. 
 Nd. 
 
 Khu, chol;.. 
 Kuku, tik, ti. 
 Thu, tu. 
 Nd, no, did. 
 La, na. 
 La. 
 
 Ld. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Ri. 
 
 Ri. 
 
 Yang, ang. 
 
 Hisono. 
 
 Bdi. 
 
 E', te. 
 
 Mo, khep-mo, kuthung-tho. 
 
 Dd. 
 
 nd. 
 
 Dd. 
 
 Be, pe. 
 
 Ri. 
 
 Inati, da, ida. 
 
 Be, songbe. 
 
 Lo. 
 
 Pd, pi, gopd, piti'i, themtu. 
 
 Nd, dd, dii, duda. 
 
 Di, bore, gware. 
 
 Be, bi. 
 
 Be. 
 
 Pi, chapitlu. 
 
 Pi. 
 
 Yo, bi. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Pi, yd. 
 
 Yer, her. 
 In. 
 
 Gar-hi-ne. 
 Hdng. 
 Thd-chi. 
 Be. 
 Kana. 
 Tdi. 
 Bdkinahi. 
 
 Kd, plbng. 
 Nd 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . , 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . , 
 Kilmi, . . . 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 .Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pvvo-karen, . 
 Toungli-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, , . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . 
 
 f Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Mddi, , 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khoncl, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsu, 
 ' Tamil, ano, 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 Malaydlma, tine, 
 
 Malaydima, mod 
 
 Telugu, . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 
 Tuluva, 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 
 Toduva,) . 
 
 Toda, ) . 
 
 K6ta, . . . 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruja, , . . 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 •hd, -ou, -choti, -noil. 
 
 -td, -rhutd, 
 
 -te (?). 
 
 Pmnvat. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Da. 
 
 laid. 
 
 Sah. 
 
 Gu. 
 
 Kinu. 
 
 Hiim-nyu. 
 
 Lbng. 
 
 Atap. 
 
 A'rang. 
 
 A'rdlo. 
 
 Chikimo. 
 
 ICatai. 
 
 Nhaik. 
 
 Nhaik, a-htaviha. 
 
 Diika. 
 
 Yd 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Atway. 
 
 Apu. 
 
 Ler-pimg. 
 
 Pu. 
 
 Kanoung. 
 
 Trong. 
 
 IChan-nd, tiai. 
 
 IChau. 
 
 ICannii. 
 
 Nai. 
 
 -re, 
 
 -re. 
 
 -tdldre, -re. 
 
 Bhitar, re (?). 
 
 Uld 
 
 Bhitar (within). 
 
 -tdldre (?). 
 
 Imitte. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Logna. 
 
 Ra (?). 
 
 ICore, koku. 
 
 Gant, ta, 
 
 -kan. 
 
 41. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -il. 
 
 -lo, -andu. 
 
 -ol. 
 
 -olage, -alii. 
 
 -olai-idu. 
 
 -lu, -pakka. 
 
 -ol. 
 
 -ult. 
 
 -vollage. 
 
 -vollage. 
 
 -vollage. 
 
 •iille. 
 
 -il, III. 
 
 -atulk. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 PEU—WENIG— LITTLE— MALO—PAULUM. 
 
 79 
 
 Types, 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 Ǥ, (Arabic, . 
 
 8 
 I 
 
 <o 
 
 Si 
 
 h 
 h 
 
 t 
 
 fl) 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantshu, . 
 Javanese, Ngoko,. . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay 
 
 f Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 s^ Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 •^ ' Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 t 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 T.ikpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochi'i, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written) , 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ■ Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newlr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wiling, . 
 Y£lkha, . 
 Chourd,sya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BiMli, . , . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrlmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, , 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Alpa. 
 ]^alil, 
 
 Guchi, gicM, guti. 
 
 Waha. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Az. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Utsoghcn tedu'i, tsughen. 
 
 Madchighe, kheni. 
 
 Satitik. 
 
 Satcdik. 
 
 Sadikit. 
 
 Shaou. 
 
 Shaou. 
 
 Shiii. 
 
 Siaw. 
 
 Soe. 
 
 Skoshi, sukoshi. 
 
 Maih. , 
 
 Sybti. 
 
 Kiih-chi. 
 
 Chi'iti. 
 
 7'amch. 
 
 Khwini. 
 
 Bdgd. 
 
 A'mohk. 
 
 Nyung. 
 
 Nigicva. 
 
 Chdyak chik. 
 
 Iskd. 
 
 Chigi-dL 
 
 Udit. 
 
 Chtk-jd. 
 
 Chipri. 
 
 Yokai, thokdi. 
 
 Bhati. 
 
 Mi-sa. 
 
 Chichi. 
 
 Pichhe. 
 
 Chi-ch'i. 
 
 Mih-mo. 
 
 Chichha. 
 
 A' chichi, achi. 
 
 Misydha. 
 
 Chig-ndpu, 
 
 Chichha, gichha. 
 
 Kichwe. 
 
 Kd-chi. 
 
 Mig'-mo. 
 
 Miyo. 
 
 Mechhiik. 
 
 U'M-chhe. ', r;, 
 
 Tibichyo. -", 
 
 Tibiche. 
 
 Achichi, 
 
 Chiit-hi. 
 
 Ch^t-ek-pe. 
 
 Bhd-chd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sbn-bi. 
 
 Iti-bang. 
 
 Thbre. 
 
 Dyoro. 
 
 Thoro. 
 
 Amdn. 
 NyAng-bo. 
 
 
 I 
 
 a 
 
 h 
 s 
 
 
 .8 
 
 to 
 
 O 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 _ Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn N£ig!l, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd., 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chiitia, 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spolien), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mril V. Toung, 
 [Sdk, . , . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singbbhum^ 
 
 Santdii, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yemkala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc. , , 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 ), 
 
 Tisi, kitisi. 
 A'toisd. 
 Gutik. 
 KitUi si. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydmde. 
 
 Ohipia. 
 
 Echinghd. 
 
 Ichadango. 
 
 Katuno. 
 
 Achd. 
 
 Ishika. 
 
 Tesu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ajo-da. 
 
 Poiani. 
 
 Katsi. 
 
 Chhitkhalt. 
 
 Scik-khalL 
 
 A-ldk-chd-i. 
 
 Tsei-dii-to. 
 
 A-htan. 
 
 Caret. . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sitt. 
 
 'Si-ku, tsc, atjhc. 
 
 Rcpu. 
 
 Pa. 
 
 Ait. 
 
 It. 
 
 Net-ta-rb, leknoi. 
 
 Chut. 
 
 Lek kye. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Anga. 
 Huding. 
 
 A'dhan, charakoi-chakoih. 
 Huding. 
 Sani. 
 Huding. 
 Jbk'd. 
 
 Thodko, jardsb mandar. 
 Caret. 
 Thor. 
 Torra. 
 Turra. 
 
 Ichun, huduk. 
 Hiidu, ugunam. 
 Thani. 
 Tode. 
 Yike. 
 Tete. 
 
 Khandiki. 
 Piitana. 
 Rdj, chone. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Siriya, chinna. 
 Caret. 
 
 Kara, kure. 
 Kdsta, konchemu. 
 Caret. 
 
 Tus-a, tho-de. 
 Onda. 
 Chennang. 
 Caret. 
 
 Yeddi, kinud. 
 Kunade. 
 Kuna, konji. 
 Vbsi. 
 Konja. 
 
 Siru, konjam. 
 Tika. 
 
8o 
 
 BEAUCOUP— VIEL— MUCH— MNOGO— MULTUM. [chap, hi— adverbs, etc. 
 
 J) 
 .fc 
 
 I 
 
 5S 
 
 ,5 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 •5 (Sanskrit, 
 I, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 ^ Turkish, . 
 ^ Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 ■f Mongolian, 
 C Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 A^[OY, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 Gydjung, . 
 Takpa, 
 Mdnyak, , 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan {wrMe/i), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . , 
 Siinwir, 
 Giirung, 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 I'dkhya, 
 Newar, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirinti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Ciiliingtdngya, 
 
 Ndclihcrcng, 
 
 Waling, 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Paliri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Baku. 
 Kathir. 
 
 Asko, aski, lar, gei, geycgi. 
 
 Paljo. 
 
 Sok. 
 
 Chok. 
 
 Bedded. 
 
 Bekri. 
 
 Olau, tedu'ighen. 
 
 Labdu. 
 
 Akeh. 
 
 Katah. 
 
 Banak. 
 
 To. 
 
 To. 
 
 To. 
 
 Til. 
 
 Choc. 
 
 Takiisaii, tanto. 
 
 Baz. 
 
 Td-ti. 
 
 Kak-ti. 
 
 Shibo. 
 
 Tabrd. 
 
 Brobo. 
 
 Elvik. 
 
 Kagare. 
 
 Mditg, tuma. 
 
 Md-gud (mdngnd?). 
 
 A'/d. 
 
 Itcli-kd. 
 
 Lheyb. 
 
 Lhdnd. 
 
 DMr. 
 
 Dliaii-lid. 
 
 Maiiti. 
 
 Apd. 
 
 Yorik. 
 
 Badho. 
 KcbJia. 
 J<ad-dho. 
 J)/imi, bddhc. 
 Aidklibpa. 
 jD/drdiig, bad/ic, 
 Pydg-ha. 
 Yetikhblsc. 
 Waddetiva, wadetto. 
 Dhekbng. 
 Ydko. 
 
 Dhe-rok, di/ik, k/nva, chopiiio. 
 Badhebdk. 
 Diiklo. 
 Otto, wotto. 
 Thobe. 
 Thebe, gote. 
 Nindtii-md. 
 
 Dldrai. 
 Dhlrl: 
 C/ib-kbiii;. 
 Jhb. 
 Bud-he. 
 
 Ching-ngak, sing-ye. 
 DMre. 
 Marig-gni. 
 Bahut. 
 
 Ag-ydp. 
 Mdng-bo. 
 
 
 I 
 ■I 
 
 K 
 
 
 ■a 
 4 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 ' Burman {wriikn), 
 Biirman (.r/yAv;), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdrai, .... 
 Kiimi, .... 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 
 _Sdk, . , . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thii, 
 Shdn, . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 f Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bluimij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, , 
 
 Tamil, .inc., 
 Tamil, mod,, 
 Malaydima, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod,, 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, , 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irida, . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Gab-dng, gobdng. 
 Eshuto. 
 Bhelela. 
 Takkri. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yame. 
 
 Taihu. 
 
 Eselai. 
 
 Kwalangau. 
 
 Hyaptir. 
 
 A'jd. 
 
 Ayuka. 
 
 Tebe. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'b-ako. 
 
 Po'mi. 
 
 Lo. 
 Myd. 
 
 Myd, apon. 
 A-pd-liik. 
 Pa, ong-je. 
 No-i. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Hbau. 
 
 Ah, ahmah. 
 
 Ahmah. 
 
 A. 
 
 Taima. 
 
 Nhiht. 
 
 Hton, lai, bimdd. 
 
 Rd. 
 
 Nam. 
 
 Nak, Idi. 
 
 Ptira, cssit. 
 E'si't. 
 
 Udi, udi-utdr, atcr, atua, 
 Bar a {iidi't). \dkiitd, dindd. 
 Udi, dhtr. 
 Dhcr {dmdd 1). 
 Gdur'i. 
 
 Wale, pharol, bale mandar. 
 Wale. 
 Walk. 
 Dai:;dr. 
 Kub. 
 Velle. 
 Bel. 
 
 Galetakig. 
 Wanrdsi. 
 Piird-die. 
 Pari. 
 Burre. 
 Mettd. 
 Bhbri. 
 Mikka. 
 
 Mikunda, michamana. 
 Caret. 
 Valara. 
 
 Nindd, mikkili. 
 Caret. 
 Bahala. 
 Diiija. 
 Perta. 
 Uppoin. 
 Upam. 
 Yeddame. 
 Thimiba, appara. 
 Appara. 
 Thumba. 
 Mct-tha. 
 Bahama. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 PROCHE— NAHE— NEAR— BLIZKO— PROPE. 
 
 8l 
 
 I 
 I, 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ j Sanskrit, 
 <§, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gy.irung, . . 
 TAkpa, 
 
 MAnyak, . . 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {written 
 Tibetan [spoken], 
 
 ■ Serpa, . . . 
 
 Si1nwd.r, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Miirmij . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thd,ksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 New^r, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichliong, 
 
 BdMli, . , 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . , 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepitng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, , 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni V. Lhopa, 
 
 Antikam. 
 Karib. 
 
 Aldean, alboan, urbill, arras. 
 Lahi, -lasna. 
 Kozd. 
 Yakin. 
 Tlac;ha. 
 Akhlo. 
 Oira. 
 Khantchi. 
 Ckerak. 
 Chelak. 
 Jduh. 
 
 Kin. 
 
 Chin. 
 
 Kan. 
 
 Kiang. 
 
 Klin. 
 
 Chikaku. 
 
 Musti. 
 
 Jhin. 
 
 Kaching. 
 
 Thiingbi'i. 
 
 Rini. 
 
 Grin, grinista. 
 
 Nangni. 
 
 Thane. 
 
 Ring. 
 
 Thdni. 
 
 Thak-nimbo. 
 
 Mthd. 
 
 Kkndo. 
 
 Jyat-na. 
 
 Khwep. 
 
 Nyese. 
 
 Nesai. 
 
 Satti. 
 
 Neng ddng. 
 
 Nektd. 
 
 Gnan\ giiaiige, nenge. 
 
 Nek-ta, nekkhida, neck. 
 
 Tanghe, tangne. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mumikgnd, nek-yang. 
 
 Ningddng. 
 
 A'mna. 
 
 Nhv-kha. 
 
 Gnkpa. 
 
 Neng-tha, pumbi. 
 
 Nen, ning-tdng, 
 
 Tang-neklok. 
 
 Netd. 
 
 Neti, yAbhi. 
 
 Mebignd. 
 
 Nkphdm. 
 
 Nek, nektdng. 
 
 Nd-gik. 
 Yen-chi. 
 Nhydr-ke, 
 Lok-to. 
 Ka-nydk. 
 KM-wa. 
 Pas-yong. 
 Ista. 
 Ihyd. 
 
 At hoi. ,„-.;,;,, 
 
 Thd-nt. ..:,!.,. ... 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 k 
 
 ^ 
 
 k 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bodo, Khdtai. 
 
 Dhimdl, Cheng-so. 
 
 Kocch, Nag-ich. 
 
 I Garo, Katai. 
 
 [ Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Klidri Ndgrt, . . . 
 
 Ang;1mi Niigil, . . 
 
 Ndmsing Ndgd, . . 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman [spoken), . . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Mnl V. Toung, . . 
 Sdk, 
 
 Nugle. 
 
 Hole. 
 
 Otikc. 
 
 Anhagii. 
 
 Chagiino. 
 
 Therkb. 
 
 Tats-aka. 
 
 Annangld. 
 
 Aninda. 
 
 Anilnse. 
 
 Buttigain. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni, a-ni-mha. 
 
 A-shyo-zo-yan. 
 
 Nci. 
 
 Ki-sd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■Caret. 
 
 Tsoiik. 
 Bit. 
 Boh. 
 Lau. 
 
 Talain v. Men, . . 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 I'wo-karcn, . . 
 Toungh-tlui, . . . 
 
 Shdn, An-san. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . Gdn. 
 
 Siamese, Kard, klaL 
 
 Ahom, Klai. 
 
 Khdmti, Kan. 
 
 Laos, Kai. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), .... Ndite. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Nia. 
 
 Santdli, Phed, thdh, then, thenar e. 
 
 Bhdmij, Jdrtyd. 
 
 Urdon Htdi. 
 
 Mundala, Najik, nagich. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Atgi. 
 
 Gonrli, .... Kanini, muntosa mandar. 
 
 Gayeti, Karuin. 
 
 Rutluk, Kari'ini. 
 
 Naikude, Daia. 
 
 Kolami, Madawattan. 
 
 Mddi, ... . . Vere, here. 
 
 Mddia, Hor. 
 
 Kuri, Merd. 
 
 Keikddi, Kitte. 
 
 Khond, Caret. 
 
 Sdvara, Tiiya. 
 
 Gadaba, Tantel. 
 
 Yerukala, Ki'tta, 
 
 Chentsu, Ldg. 
 
 Tamil, anc Anmei. 
 
 Tami], mod. Kitta. 
 
 Malayd]ma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Atukke. 
 
 Telugu, Ddpii, daggera. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Hattara, sure. 
 
 Tuluva, Kkayi, tob. 
 
 Kurgi, Pakka. 
 
 To(;luva,) .... Keguri. 
 
 Toda, [ .... Kchnri. 
 
 Kdta, Voitle. 
 
 Badaga, Vottura, sdri. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Pakkaru. 
 
 Iruk, Kitta. 
 
 Malabar, . . . ... Kitta. 
 
 Sinhalese, Langa. 
 
82 
 
 NUL (NON)— NEIN— NO— NYET— NON. 
 
 [chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 TyJ>es. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, . . . 
 <«, (Arabic, .... 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 Magyar, .... 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, .... 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 Na (md=nQt}. 
 La, lam, Ids. 
 
 Ez. 
 
 En, et, ei, etc. (neg. particle 
 
 Sent. [=^)- 
 
 Yok. 
 
 Shgeb. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Ugei. 
 
 Ako. 
 
 Ora. 
 
 Boten. 
 
 Bukan. 
 
 Puh-shi. 
 Pu-shih. 
 'M-hai. 
 Veh. 
 
 Bo, -m-si. 
 Nat, iya, iye, 
 
 Ahd. 
 
 
 <; 
 
 .■&. 
 
 t 
 •^ 
 
 Gydmi, Pudti'eyb. 
 
 Gyirung, Dimek. 
 
 Tdkpa, Mm. 
 
 MAnyak, Md-zyi. 
 
 Thochii, Mdngwd, mang. 
 
 Sokpa, Bi-si. 
 
 Horpa, Ny'er. 
 
 Tibetan {writtm), . . Md. mi. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . Men. 
 
 ■ Serpa, Men. 
 
 Siinwdr, Ma-mal 
 
 Giirung, A'ni. 
 
 Miirmi, A'nin. 
 
 Magar, Mdle. 
 
 Thdksya At. 
 
 Pdkhya, A'sin. 
 
 Newdr, Makhi't, mat, ahang. 
 
 Limbu, Men, nd. 
 
 Kirdnti, Mdng. 
 
 Rodong Ai-na. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Md-diig. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . , Mdhd. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Md, md-d. 
 
 Wdling, MdtJt, mdang. 
 
 Ydkha, Mt'mna, imi'tfina^ 
 
 Chourdsya A'iti. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Md. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Mie. 
 
 Bdhingya, .... Mdh'-d. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Caret. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Mdhd, mdle. 
 
 Bdldli, He-gnane. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Mdnd. 
 
 Diimi Mo-b. 
 
 Khdling Ma-an. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Mdn,jt,soh\ 
 
 Ddrhi, IJbi-ne. 
 
 Denwdr, Boy-in. 
 
 Pahri, Makhi. 
 
 Chepdng, Card. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Mami, alik. 
 
 Vdyu, Md, ma-nom. 
 
 Kuswar, Nd. 
 
 Kusunda, A'yewd. 
 
 Thdru, Mhi. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkini), 
 Bbd^dni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Md ne. 
 Mt-ti'tp, men. 
 
 
 
 Bodo, Ongd, geyd. 
 
 Dhimdl, Md, mdntM. 
 
 Kocch, Nah, nabin. 
 
 Garo, Ahd. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Nate. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Mantai. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Mang-cha. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Nongb. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Mowe. 
 
 NdmsdngNdgd, . . Md. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Man, nonga. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . , . Nongo. 
 
 Abor Miri Mdmd. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Md. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . PIbya. 
 
 Singpho, Galai. 
 
 Burman {written), . . Mahtit. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . Mahok, tnahot-bii. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Hi-a. 
 
 Kdmi, Na-u-kd. 
 
 Kiimi, Na-o. 
 
 Mrti v. Toung, . . . Caret. 
 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Ha-tsen. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... T'mabah, tho-mi-bah. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Mwai-ai. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Ta-mwd-tu. 
 
 Shdn, Ma-tsouk. 
 
 Annamilic, .... Khong. 
 
 Siamese, Mai-htsa, michi. 
 
 Ahom, Bu/ihewo. 
 
 Khdmti, Ma-tsau. 
 
 Laos, Bo-tsai. 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . . . Banno. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Bdno. 
 
 Santdli Ah, bdng,bd'i,bdnu, — \5 not 
 
 Bhiimij, Bdtto. 
 
 Urdon, Mdld. 
 
 Mundala, Bdno. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Malld. 
 
 Gondi, Plain, hille. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Riitluk, Card. 
 
 Naikude, Card. 
 
 Kolami, .... Card. 
 
 Mddi, Card. 
 
 Mddia, ... . Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, .... Ilia. 
 
 Khond, Caret. 
 
 Sdvara, Yajja. 
 
 Gadaba, Vure. 
 
 Yerukala, Yilld. 
 
 _ Chentsu, Nahi. 
 
 Tamil, anc Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod Ilki, alia. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, , . Card. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Ilia, alia. 
 
 Telugu, Lkdu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . lUa, alia. 
 
 Tukwa, Iddi. 
 
 Kurgi, Alia. 
 
 Tocluva,) .... Card. 
 Toda, I . . . . A'. 
 
 Kdta, Ilia. 
 
 Badaga, Ilki. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Ilia. 
 
 Iruja, Ille. 
 
 Malabar Alia, illei. 
 
 Sinhalese, Nee, 
 
CHAP. HI. — ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 NE (NON)— NICHT— NOT— NE (NYET)— NE (NON). 
 
 bo 
 
 K 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 s, 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 6 
 
 I 
 
 «1 
 
 Types. 
 
 I fSANRKi.^rr, 
 I, |Arai)ic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 ' Gy^mi, . . 
 Gydrung, . . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thochd, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (zuritten), 
 Tibetan '{spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pcikhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 B£Mli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Ktiswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni V. Lhopa, 
 
 Md. 
 Ld. 
 
 Es. 
 
 ' E- (insep. particle as in en, 
 Sein. \ei, epa, etc.). 
 
 Yok. 
 Shgeb. 
 Ara. 
 Ugeu 
 Ako. 
 AJa. 
 Sampun. 
 Jdngan. 
 
 Puh-yaou. 
 
 Pu-yaou. 
 
 'M-ho. 
 
 Vch-yau-tsu. 
 
 ^M-fang. 
 
 Suruna, na. 
 
 Mat {-fa, -pa, infixed). 
 
 Fusyo. 
 
 Met. 
 
 Ma, magyd. 
 
 T/id. 
 
 Chi. 
 
 Puthi-ke. 
 
 Md, di. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 A', wachL 
 
 Thd. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Kino. 
 
 Na. 
 
 Ma-te. 
 
 Ma-ne. 
 
 Man. 
 
 Mi, mai, dd. 
 Man. 
 Md, thd. 
 
 m. 
 
 Md-yt, mdt. 
 
 An. 
 
 A', nb. 
 
 Na. 
 
 ML 
 
 Ma. 
 
 E'. 
 
 Ang-, -n {ang before, n after 
 
 Nd. ' [the word). 
 
 Na. 
 
 Mti. 
 
 Mb. 
 
 Mari-to. 
 
 /■An. 
 
 J^-nii. 
 
 Mi-re. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Man. 
 
 Thd. 
 
 Md-md. 
 
 Hyd. 
 
 Rahare. 
 
 Md-nan. 
 Md. 
 
 I 
 
 b.5 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 >i 
 
 Bodo E>d. 
 
 Dliimdl, Md. 
 
 Koccli, Mnt. 
 
 Garo Td. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret: 
 
 Munipuri, .... Nate. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Td. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . Nali. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . {Tok) «' {shi). 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . \Tha) m' (thi). 
 
 Abor Miri, .... loka. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Yoka. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Dd. 
 
 Singpho, Ng,phung. 
 
 Burman {wriucii), . . Ma {prn) iihang. 
 
 Burman \spoIiai), . . Ma \pya) nhen, ina-lol- 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Ne-L 
 
 Kdmi, ...... Na, nan. 
 
 Kiimi, ...... Caret. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . . Caret. 
 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Hb-ka-lon. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Tmabah, tho-mi-hah. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Mwai-ai. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Card. 
 
 Shdn, Ma-het-a. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Dffng 
 
 Siamese, Mai-htan, mi, yd. 
 
 Ahom Bu, ma. 
 
 Khdmti, Le, tak. 
 
 Laos, . . . . . . Bo, mai, yd. 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . . . Kd. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Aha {alam !). 
 
 Santdli, -f^/z, dto-, eto-, bdnu-. 
 
 BhUmij, Aham, a/ape. 
 
 Urdon, Anipd. 
 
 Mundala, Alti, aha. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Aha. 
 
 Gondi, IfiUi bard. 
 
 Gayeti, . . . . . Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Caret. 
 
 Khond, Kundmd. 
 
 Sdvara, T^ggo. 
 
 Gadaba, Ayide. 
 
 Yerukala, Mdnu, Yikkara. 
 
 Chentsu, Kdmnai, kdmnahi. 
 
 Tamil, anc Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod Vendd. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 Malaydima, mod,, . . Vendd. 
 
 Telugu, Vaddu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Beda. 
 
 Tuluva, Botri. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Caret. 
 Toda, ) .... Aehadi. 
 
 K6ta Vkda. 
 
 Badaga, Bkda. 
 
 Kurumba Boda. 
 
 Irula, Vdnda. 
 
 Malabar Seyath'ei. 
 
 Sinhalese, Apd. 
 
84 
 
 MAINTENANT— JETZT— NOW— TEPER— NUNC. 
 
 [CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, 
 'I, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 g) Turkish, . 
 
 ^ Circassian, 
 
 I • Georgian, 
 
 I' Mongolian, 
 
 tS Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Kraraa, 
 Malay, , . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tikpa, 
 Manyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan (wriuen) 
 Tibetan {sj:oke?i), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Silnwir, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Milrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ^ 
 <, 
 
 <; 
 
 s 
 
 <; 
 
 CQ 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rungchenbung 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdhng, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 l^ambichhong 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdiing, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 • Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Ida, iddnim, etarhi. 
 Elan. 
 
 Orau, oraiiL 
 
 Nyt. 
 
 Most. 
 
 Shimdi. 
 
 Heg-gi. 
 
 A/Ma, ais. 
 
 Ediike. 
 
 Te. 
 
 Sahiki. 
 
 Sapunnika. 
 
 Sakdrang. 
 
 Che-shi. 
 
 Che-shi. 
 
 JVi-s/ii. 
 
 Yen-ze. 
 
 Chit-si. 
 
 Ima. 
 
 Ddsd. 
 
 Chhd-ye. 
 
 Puz-diti. 
 
 Da. 
 
 Mile. 
 
 Patino. 
 
 Old, nolo. 
 
 Habdeii. 
 
 Dengtse, da, deiig. 
 
 Thdndd. 
 
 Tdiigdd. 
 
 I'chi. 
 
 Tasso. 
 
 Dande. 
 
 Chamldn. 
 
 Ghydiigchye. 
 
 Yeso. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Alo. 
 
 Ha?ide. 
 
 IVos-ara, wospa. 
 Hangde, hande. 
 Bdgdri. 
 Ha. 
 
 Is-ghdring. 
 Akkii. 
 
 Bokk'einse, bokcnuiuK 
 Wadolo, wollb. 
 At/id. 
 Yc-khona. 
 Iloifiwk, hoiioli. 
 Ildlik. 
 Hogno. 
 Otolo, 7votolo. 
 Tholo. 
 A'nagnd. 
 Ighdri. 
 
 Yehe. 
 Akhan. 
 Alaga. 
 Caret. 
 Tha-chi. 
 LPm-be. 
 Jd-khen. 
 Ipwaji. 
 Amai, abhai. 
 
 Along. 
 Dhdto. 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 h 
 
 K 
 .?., 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, , . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {writlen) 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, •. 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 S 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, . ) " 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kufumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Ddnb. 
 Elang. 
 Abhi (?). 
 Tayan. 
 Caret. 
 
 Huchik. 
 
 Atha. 
 
 Chdha. 
 
 Hiku. 
 
 Akihawe. 
 
 Dokko. 
 
 Tang. 
 
 Thong. 
 
 Supdb. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Derereni. 
 
 Yd 
 
 Yakhu. 
 Yakhu. 
 Tu-a. 
 Avd-i. 
 Wd-i-me. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 La-niod. 
 
 Kaikinai, kaikane. 
 
 Rongniang-yu. 
 
 Ngd-khayen. 
 
 Maybhnihn. 
 
 Nay. 
 
 Pd-tu-ni, reii, than-chai. 
 
 Tinai. 
 
 Tsang, 
 
 Leng. 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Na. 
 
 Nit, nito, nita-bade, nitoh-do, 
 
 NitQ). ' " 
 
 U'hi. 
 
 Ndhd 
 
 Aneke. 
 
 Inga. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ipo. 
 
 Idddli. 
 
 Natni. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Yeppudu. 
 
 Yckhdn, yechitii, 
 
 IppozhudiL 
 
 Ippodu, ippo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ippol. 
 
 Jppudu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 J'ga. 
 
 Itten. 
 
 Ikkale. 
 
 Itwan. 
 
 Eni. 
 
 Innale. 
 
 Iga. 
 
 Igale. 
 
 I'pd 
 
 Ippothu. 
 
 Ddn. 
 
 [nit-ge. 
 
CHAP. HI. — ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 DE-VON— OF— -OT— -AE (-AS), -IS, etc. 
 
 85 
 
 & 
 
 lypcs. 
 
 
 t 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, 
 -1, (Arabic, . . 
 
 . . -as, -os,^ -Am'^ (gen, case). 
 
 1 
 
 -/. 
 
 (i^ 
 
 s 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 
 . . -cii, -n. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 -It. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 . . -a. 
 
 'Vi' 
 
 ^0 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 -in, -un. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 <^ 
 
 1 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 . . -is, -isa, -as, -asi. 
 
 'b 
 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 -i. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 . ■ . -i, -ni. 
 
 ■e . 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngok 
 
 0, . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Kran- 
 
 la, . . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Malay, . . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 •§ 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nanki 
 
 n, . . Till. 
 
 (*) 
 
 <ib 
 
 Chinese, Pekin 
 
 . . Ti. 
 
 
 '■« 
 
 Chinese, Canto 
 
 n, . . Ke. 
 
 t 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shang 
 
 lai, . Koh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, ColloquiE 
 
 il, . . E. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 . . . -no. 
 
 3o 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 . . . -nd, -td. 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 . . . Ti. 
 
 
 t; 
 
 Gycirung, . . 
 
 . . . Caret. Urn (?). 
 
 
 Ji 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 . . . M. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 .../'. 
 
 .ft 
 
 ■c 
 
 Thoclui, . . 
 
 . . . K. 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Na, lie. 
 
 si 
 
 s 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 . . . I. BaiigQ). 
 
 ■J 
 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 ■ ■ Kyi, gi, hi, yi. 
 
 h 
 
 8 
 
 Tibetan (spokm), 
 
 . . Gi. 
 
 .1 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 . . . Ti. 
 
 =0 
 
 "^ 
 
 Siinwir, ' . . 
 
 . . K7v'e, kyk. 
 
 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 . . . Yk,ld,bb. 
 
 
 4 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 . . . Ld. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, 
 
 . . Yb, wb. 
 
 
 
 Thiksya, . . 
 
 . . Chdye. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 . . Ko. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 . . Yd. 
 
 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 . . Le, in. 
 
 
 
 ■ KiMnti, . . 
 
 . . Wb. 
 
 .« 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Mi, mo. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 . . 0. 
 
 1 
 
 <f- 
 
 Nichhereng, . 
 
 . . Mi. 
 
 c! 
 
 I, 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 . . 0. 
 
 
 S; 
 
 Yclkha, . . 
 
 ■ ■ ^, ga- 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chour^sya, . 
 
 . . Lenta. 
 
 
 is 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 . . Mi. 
 
 
 1* 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 . . Kant. 
 
 
 c^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 . . K'e, kem, dim. 
 
 
 '■s 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 . . Mi. 
 
 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 . . I, khd, im, gnd, ka. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 m\i\i, . . . 
 
 . . 'M, mi {-in ?). 
 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 , . Mi. 
 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 . . Ph. 
 
 
 
 Klidling, . . 
 
 . . Pb. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 . . Pi, ■iim. 
 
 
 
 Dirhi, . . . . 
 
 . . Ko. 
 
 «' 
 
 
 Denwdr, . . . 
 
 . . rk, dk. 
 
 
 !^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 . . Yd, ydgu. 
 
 S 
 
 •^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 . . Kii. 
 
 1" 
 
 !■ 
 
 Bhrlmu, . . . 
 
 . . Kii. 
 
 1 
 
 E^ 
 
 Viyu 
 
 . . Mu, mo, mi. 
 
 ? 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 . . Na, kara. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 
 . . JVata igin. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdru, . . . . 
 
 . . Keha. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim) 
 
 . . Sa. 
 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. LhopE 
 
 I, . . Gi,yS. 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimill, . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 ^ Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipiiri, . 
 MhUn NdgA, 
 Tablung Ndgi, 
 Khciri Ndgd, . 
 Angimi NEtgd, 
 Ntimsdng Ndgd, 
 No\vgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 Burman {spken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mnl v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhiim) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . , . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod,, . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva, I . 
 Toda, j . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 KurumlDa, 
 Irula, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 -ko. 
 -ro, -r. 
 Ni. 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Met. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Na. 
 
 I. 
 I. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 U'n. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mken. 
 
 Pah-khah, ah. 
 
 Ler. 
 
 A. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -d. 
 
 -rinih, 
 
 -rinih, -renkin, -renko. 
 -red. 
 Ye. 
 Ki. 
 
 Py affix. 
 Ord, bard. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret 
 Caret. 
 Ti. 
 
 Mbyi. 
 Vakka. 
 Vbr. 
 
 -adu. 
 
 -iideiya. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 -ute. 
 
 -yokka. 
 
 'Caret. 
 
 -na, -da. 
 
 -no, -du. 
 
 -da, -andti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -na. 
 
 -na. 
 
 -ya, -na. 
 
 -ya, -na. 
 
 -no. 
 
 -in, -udeya, -thu. 
 
 -'e, -gL 
 
86 
 
 SUR— AUF— ON— NA— SUPER. 
 
 [chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ 
 
 Bodo -hd] ou, chou. 
 
 go 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 -rhiitd. 
 
 •5 (Sanskrit, . . . -/, -os^ -su'^ (loc. case). 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 -te. 
 
 <ct^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Aala. 
 
 'A 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pirvai. 
 
 s 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ganean, ganera, gaindi. 
 
 Padlla. 
 
 Ra. 
 
 
 JCdchdri, . . 
 
 ^ Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thuk. 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 Uzere. 
 
 1= 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 '■§ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Tamuge. 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Isa. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Deghora. 
 
 1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 A'khbnang. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Derglii. 
 
 s 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Talak. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 lag. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tathak. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Ing. 
 
 i 
 
 Abor Miri, 
 
 
 
 Ted-so. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Didtas. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Talulo. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Shang. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Pichoni. 
 Lethd. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Shang. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Sheong. 
 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 
 Pomhd. 
 
 ■a 
 -2 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Lah-long. 
 
 
 Burman (spoken), 
 
 
 
 JBomha, apaii. 
 
 .5 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Ti. 
 
 Uyeni, -uye, -ni. 
 
 0:5 
 h 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hd-nang. 
 A-koung-be. 
 
 \. ^ f 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Swdr, -at. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 ^' 
 
 (jyami, . . 
 
 
 
 La. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ t-JO-IV, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 S, pri. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Atu. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Nd. 
 
 s 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 A'pau '/v. 
 
 
 Manyak, . 
 
 
 
 Khii, choh. 
 
 'S 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Apaingu. 
 
 1 
 
 Thochil, , . . 
 
 
 
 Kukii, tik, ti. 
 
 s 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Long. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . ' . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Thi'i, tit. 
 Nd, no, chd. 
 
 
 Shdn, . , . 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 LCa-nouk. 
 Trbi. 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan (wntien), 
 
 
 
 . Nd, la. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Khan-mon, bbn. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan (s/oim), 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ld. 
 Ld. 
 
 !5 
 
 ^0 
 
 Ahom, . , . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 ^ Laos, . , . 
 
 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Nan. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 ? 
 
 Siinwdr, , . . 
 Gilrung, . . 
 Murmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 . Mi. 
 Ri. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 ), 
 
 
 -re. 
 
 -re, chitdn. 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 J.\.l'. 
 
 Ydng, ang. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhiimij, . , 
 TJrdon, 
 
 
 
 Chetan, -re, -tdldre. 
 
 -re (?). 
 U'ld. 
 
 1 
 
 Piikhya, . . 
 Newir, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 E, te. 
 Mo, khep-mo, kuthung-tho. 
 
 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 -te (?), upar (?). 
 By affix, -re (?), 
 Lmitte. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . . 
 
 
 Dd. 
 
 .«' 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 Cho-top. 
 
 ■3 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Chokdo, dungda. 
 
 s 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 c- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 O- 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Sendb. 
 
 s" ■ 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 
 Lanka. 
 
 (| 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tore, tatcre. 
 
 
 Gad aba, . . 
 
 
 
 Te. 
 
 ■is 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Wettu, songpi, sokbe. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 
 
 Paini. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 
 Temdu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . , 
 
 
 
 Vuparbru, vuparot. 
 
 i? 
 
 BiUdli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 Chdpittu. 
 Chhopi. 
 
 
 Tamil, anc, , 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Caret, 
 -met. 
 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Cho-iii, tvii, teyo. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ti. 
 
 
 Malayd]ma, mod,, 
 
 
 -mkl, -nitle. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 Chohpi, chokyd. 
 
 
 Tclugii, . . . 
 
 
 -Hilda, -paina. 
 
 s 
 
 -Ci 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 l^enwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Jfcr, I'ipare. 
 In, I'lpare. 
 Uar-hi-iie. 
 . Hdng 
 
 Thd-cid, gdi. 
 Bt, uane. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Kanidtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, niod. 
 'I'uhivn, . , 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -mtle.. 
 
 -iiiitlii. 
 
 -mile. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -mel, -mok. 
 
 -vtelte. 
 
 1 
 
 ^5 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 _ Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Katia, -te, -e. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Badaga, . , 
 Kurumba, 
 Iniia, . . . 
 
 
 
 -mele. 
 -mele. 
 •iiiele. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Kd, plbng. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 
 
 -mel, -p'eril 
 
 
 Bhutdni v, Lh 
 
 op 
 
 1, 
 
 
 Nd. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 
 
 . -pita. 
 
CHAP, in.— ADVERDS, ETC.] 
 
 OU— ODER-OR— ILI— AUT. 
 
 87 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 . . Vd. 
 
 «! ^Arabic, ... 
 
 . . Aou. 
 
 •n 
 
 ' Bask, .... 
 
 . . Edo. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 
 . . Tahi, taikka. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 ■ • Vagy- 
 
 *ia 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 . . Yoksa. 
 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 .4 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 Amu. 
 
 
 Mongolian, . . 
 
 . Esepsu. 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, . . 
 
 Ememu. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Utawa. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Utawi. 
 
 
 Malav, . . . 
 
 . Atdn. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 Hwoh-che. 
 
 , 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 . Hwo-che. 
 
 > 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 Wak-che. 
 
 ■^3 . 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 . Ohsz\ 
 
 >§ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 . A'. 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 . Matawa, ya. 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 ■ y<^: 
 
 .S 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 . Thing. 
 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 
 
 Kb, wbv'e. 
 
 A 
 
 Tiikpa, 
 
 
 
 . Na, ind. 
 
 
 MAnyak, 
 
 
 
 . Li. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Thocliu, 
 
 
 
 . Gnbd. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 . Nd. 
 
 s 
 
 .« 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 6 
 
 _ Tibetan {spokm), . 
 
 . Mo. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, .... 
 
 . Nam, inam. 
 
 
 Stinwdr, 
 
 , , 
 
 . JDL 
 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 
 
 , Sani, gi. 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 
 . Wd. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 . Ki. 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 
 
 . Howochuchhydng. 
 
 
 Pikhya, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 . Ld. 
 . Bi. 
 
 . m. 
 
 . Wb. 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, . 
 
 . m. 
 
 
 Chhingtd.ngya, . 
 
 . Ydng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nddihereng, . . 
 
 . Le. 
 
 a 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 . Ht. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 . E. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 
 . Ki. 
 
 a 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 . Yo. 
 
 ■s-" 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 . Di. 
 
 1 
 
 Bihingya, 
 
 
 . Ki. 
 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 . Dii, do (?). 
 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 > 
 
 • A'Q)- 
 
 > 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 S^ng-pdng, 
 
 
 . LiQ). 
 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 
 . Yk. 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 
 . YL 
 
 
 ^ Dungm^li, 
 
 
 . Hi. 
 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 . Tu 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 . Ldne, ni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 . Ki, Id. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 1- 
 
 Bhr£mu, . 
 
 
 . Ke. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 . Ki. 
 
 S 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 . Na. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Th£ru, . . 
 
 
 . Ihe. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 Ydng, eu. 
 
 
 BhUtdni V. 
 
 Lh 
 
 opa, . 
 
 Ydng, mo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 '^^ 
 
 ^ 
 h 
 
 
 
 .8 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdch^ri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthin Ncigi, 
 Tablung N2g£t, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angimi Ndgd, 
 Ndmadng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong N.4g;i, 
 'J'oiigsa Niig;1, 
 Aboi' Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Cliutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Men 
 
 .Sgau-karcn, . 
 
 I'wo-karcn, . 
 
 Toungli-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, ^"c., . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, mic, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,| 
 Toda, j . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 Nd. 
 Nd. 
 Ki. 
 Nd. 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret'. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Sbmahut. 
 
 Thbmahbk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ho-to-tscik-ko. 
 
 Mii,i^lia, ind-t-nid. 
 
 A'JJ/iinaiba/i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tso-neik-ma-tsouk. 
 
 Hay-Id. 
 
 Mai-pen-yau. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bandreto. 
 
 Nado. 
 
 Se. 
 
 Se. 
 
 I's. 
 
 Ani. 
 
 Mali. 
 
 Idari. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 V'dre. 
 
 Taradote. 
 
 Nahi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Alladu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Engkil, adalla, allengkil. 
 
 Lika. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'dar^i, illavi. 
 
 Andala. 
 
 Allengi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Illade. 
 
 Illave. 
 
 Illave, illadhble. 
 
 Innadhole. 
 
 Illavitta. 
 
 Allathu. 
 
 Nohot. 
 
88 
 
 DEHORS— AUSZEN— OUTSIDE— VNYE— EXTRA. 
 
 [CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 % 
 
 fBodo, 
 
 Bdhirou. 
 
 ^ n 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl. 
 
 
 Bdhiro. 
 
 ■^ j Sanskrit, .... Bahis. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 Bdhir. 
 
 "§, (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Strra. 
 
 f*i 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 Bdhir-vai. 
 
 ^ 
 
 'Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kampoan, landan, kkora. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 Shotla. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ulkoinen. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Mapdl. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ki. 
 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Dicheru. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •3 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Takigu. 
 
 g 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Gali. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kite. 
 
 §1 
 
 S 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ghadana. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Vdkdnang. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Toulergi. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tamd. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Ingjaba. 
 
 S 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Ma. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Ingjawi. 
 
 fe 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Litlo. 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Dih'car. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsagar Miri, . 
 
 Rongongolo. 
 
 
 f Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Wai. 
 Wai. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Bajuni. 
 Caret. 
 
 & 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Ngoi. 
 
 
 ' Burman [written). 
 
 Prangmha. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 
 Ngd-dew. 
 
 Si: 
 
 Burraan (spoken), . . 
 
 Pyen-mhd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 God-bin. 
 
 =^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Kldng-d-me. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Soto, so-ioni. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 A-kham-be. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 K 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 A-ngdm. 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 
 
 Peshati. 
 
 ^ 
 ,« 
 
 Mnl v. Toung, , . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Wai-thu. 
 
 h 
 ^ 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .^ 
 K 
 
 Gy^rung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Wonpo. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Ma-ngd. 
 
 
 T^kpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Phit-ka. 
 
 ja 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 A'klor, ler-ko. 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 
 
 
 
 Nwd. 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Ler-kaung. 
 
 5S " 
 
 
 
 
 Khanyis. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Ta-h'tanu. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Gdchd. 
 
 c"^ 
 
 Shdn, ..... 
 
 Ka-noiik. 
 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Pheu-so. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Ngoai. 
 
 .i 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 Phyi, rohna. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Khan-nouk, thi-nok. 
 
 3 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 
 
 Chi. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom 
 
 Bi. 
 
 
 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Ydng 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■s 
 1 
 
 Siinwir, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 P^khya, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bdhir. 
 
 Hii-jtri. 
 
 Mang-gy'er. 
 
 Bdhar. 
 
 Phelori. 
 
 Bdhira. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singl 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, 
 
 ibhum), . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rdchdre. 
 
 Udung-re, rdchdte. 
 
 Rdchdre {rdchdte T). 
 
 Bdhari. 
 
 Bdhari. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Pine. 
 Bdhar. 
 
 Udi'mg-yd. 
 Bi'tng-ya. 
 
 1 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 Dwdrl. 
 
 Bahro, bahiro mandar. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Ubungya, udiingya, hiiviya. 
 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Bdhari. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 O 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 . Pdkhd. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Hibu, biingkhdya. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 t 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Bhdnd, tivala. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 Beilu. 
 
 s. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Hochho, pbtel, hachhbpa. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 t"' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 CMpnba. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 Vo-dite. 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 . A'tola. 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 Valumitsd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 Song-bi, ling-phii. 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 Bele. 
 
 5 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 
 
 
 A'yb. 
 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 
 Bahar. 
 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Pdkha yit. 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc 
 
 » • • 1 
 
 Caret. 
 
 S£ng-ping, 
 
 
 
 
 Amkonpb. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., , . . 
 
 Veliyil, veliyk, tavira. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ghobai, ghoyo. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Pdtel. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., . 
 
 Purame, puratta. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 . KMit-yd. 
 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Bayita, beiia, vind. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 'Ddrhi, . , 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Bdhir. 
 . Bdhir. 
 . Pen-hd. 
 . Caret. 
 
 Am-bii. 
 
 Tongma, lok. 
 
 Bdhir. 
 
 Bang-jo. 
 
 Bahera. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, .... 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 ■Toda, 1 . , , 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 Irula, 
 
 Caret. 
 Horage. 
 Pedi. 
 Porame. 
 Parmutak. 
 Ponnud. 
 Porcnje. 
 Horasu. 
 Honage. 
 Valli. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Pbng 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Veliye, purdmber. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. 
 
 Lh 
 
 op 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Phi. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 . . . 
 
 . Pitata, bahir. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 AI N S I— SO— S O— T AK— ITA. 
 
 89 
 
 Types. 
 
 ••g (Sanskrit, 
 <! (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 c^ 
 
 S: 1 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyd,mi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tikpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Siinwiir, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thiksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kir^nti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtingya, 
 
 N^chhereng. 
 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . 
 
 Sing-pdng, 
 
 Dilmi, . 
 
 Kh^ling, 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'DMi, . 
 Denwir, 
 Pahri, . , 
 Cheping, , 
 Bhrdmu, , 
 Viyu, . , 
 Kuswar, , 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 TaiM. 
 Hdkaza. 
 
 Ala, onela, alan, onla, aiii. 
 Niin. 
 
 Ugy. 
 
 Beuileh. 
 
 Arahrey. 
 
 Ais. 
 
 Dayin. 
 
 Tuttu. 
 Mangkana. 
 Mangkaten. 
 Ba^tu. 
 
 Ye-chc-yang. 
 Ye-che-yang. 
 Yau-kom-yeong. 
 Seh-kah-nang. 
 A'n-ni, dn-hiun. 
 Sayoni. ■ t^ 
 
 HandunoSi- - -v ; 
 
 .^ ' ■• ^- ■ ■ • ■ 
 
 Ld-menti. '■ ' 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dantarang. 
 
 Thiizyo. 
 
 Stdkd. 
 
 Yenichin. 
 
 Nyii. 
 
 Dtesiug. 
 
 Thendd. 
 
 Phdnde. 
 Modiv. 
 
 Hiich-iiga-liyon. 
 Waspa. 
 Addng-cha. 
 Khapribd khaju. 
 Caret. 
 Athing. 
 Khem-phd-dofig-ba. 
 
 Kfidin-s'Ako. 
 
 Kyaskwa, kyasokwa (?). 
 
 Khohisa (?). 
 
 Htingkhyakkha. 
 
 Khdngiokgnd. 
 
 Mignek. 
 
 Ikhbkha. 
 
 Imsimegnd. 
 
 KMntMwa. 
 
 Mehomka, mihopmd, ohopma. 
 
 Mekho. 
 
 Maifo-knok. 
 
 Natte. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 1 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Wo-sai. 
 
 Td-nhe. 
 
 He-re. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 U'chi. 
 
 Me-md. 
 
 JId-sege. 
 
 Ndpawai. 
 
 Wunaisan. 
 
 Olom. 
 
 ate. 
 
 
 65 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 0^ 
 
 h 
 
 to 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhim^l, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdch^ri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthin Ndg^, 
 Tablung Nigd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, , . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod,, 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, > 
 Toda, ]■ 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 U'rm. 
 
 Kodong. 
 
 Temon. 
 
 U'gdnda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Asundouna. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Itango. 
 
 Tsawe. 
 
 A'rarang. 
 
 A'nyakang. 
 
 A'nyaJwng. 
 
 Depii, au. 
 
 Sempidang. 
 
 Lakireni. 
 
 Ndaisat, 
 
 Lo, so. 
 
 Lo, t/to. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ka. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nyoung-tseik-kau. 
 De-i, de-ne. 
 Bayi. 
 Nay-yo. 
 Tso-iteik-youk. 
 Vdy. 
 Ram-ni. 
 Caret. 
 Ce. 
 Caret. 
 
 Enleka. 
 T'nlikate. 
 
 Nangkd, onakd, nundh, 
 Nangkd. \onakdge. 
 
 Yell 
 Se. 
 
 Indeki. 
 Arobara. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Kanindsan. 
 Vottit. 
 Ate. 
 Vu, vuntam. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Appadi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Angngine. 
 
 Atla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hdge. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Annane. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Iiigei. 
 
 A'te. 
 
 Hinge. 
 
 Plage. 
 
 Ipadi. 
 
 Appadie, avoamiam. 
 
 Mese. 
 
 M 
 
90 
 
 ALORS—DANN— THEN— TOGDA— TUNC. 
 
 [CHAP, in.— ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, . . . 
 
 "I (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . , 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mongolian, , 
 
 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 k* 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 '^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Gyimi, 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tikpa, . 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Thochii, . 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 Sj 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan {spoke 
 'Serpa, . . 
 
 «). 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdnwir, . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Gdrung, . 
 
 
 
 .§ 
 
 Milrmi, 
 
 
 
 "S . 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 -i- 
 
 Thaksya, . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 New^r, 
 
 
 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 
 • Kirinti, . 
 
 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 1 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 S, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 •§,' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bahingya, 
 
 
 
 O 
 
 '■^3 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 K 
 ft 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 
 Sdng-ping, 
 
 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Denwir, . 
 
 
 
 fe^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 |< 
 
 Blirdrau, . 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 ? 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Th^i-u,. . 
 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Bhdtdni V. LI- 
 
 lop 
 
 a, 
 
 Tadd, tadAnim, tarhi, 
 Hitid' izen. 
 
 Ordiian. 
 Sitte. 
 Akhor. 
 
 By circumlocution.] 
 .Id,] 
 Misha. 
 Detsighe. 
 Utkhai. 
 Null. 
 Nunten. 
 Tatkdla-itu. 
 
 Na-shi. 
 
 Na-shi. 
 
 Ko-shi. 
 
 Na-koh-sz-en. 
 
 Hit-si. 
 
 Sonotoki, anotoki. 
 
 0-wakt. 
 
 Ld-khun. 
 
 Tis-dui. 
 
 Tene, 
 
 Thile, 
 
 Stdka, hati'is. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tdbdeii. 
 
 De-t'se. 
 
 Thi-dwi. 
 
 Tdmd. 
 Mend. 
 Chok-laie. 
 Jdmd. 
 Arnan. 
 
 Khagkdngchye. 
 Caret. 
 Wala. 
 Khem-phale. 
 
 Khwomlo. 
 
 Khonglo, tespa. 
 
 Khonilo, khollo. 
 
 Uilhe. 
 
 Khontalo. 
 
 Ht'dong. 
 
 Ikhoning. 
 
 Ingyelo. 
 
 Klwdolo. 
 
 Mehomlo. 
 
 Mekhona. 
 
 Moklona, wanok. 
 
 U'ndena. 
 
 Mudoklo. 
 
 Khotolo, kholo, 
 
 Mclo. 
 
 Mebelo. 
 
 Ughdri. 
 
 Wohe. 
 
 Takhcn. 
 
 Wclhe. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Wd-lhe. 
 
 Me-the. 
 
 A-khen. 
 
 Nhu. 
 
 Nabhai, thabhai. 
 
 Othd. 
 
 Ode, odi-gdng. 
 
 % 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Obeld. 
 
 t 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 
 Kohl. 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 Tc, te-khong. 
 
 fe) 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Te-eng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 MuTiipuri, . . . 
 
 Asai. 
 
 "?? 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . , 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Jiku. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Lilitiha. 
 
 k 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 p 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tas-au. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kab-dng. 
 
 s 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Kojo. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Deremai. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 Tho-akhd. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Tho-akhd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Ni-kho-d: 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Ho-nd-i-gdn. 
 
 8 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .^ 
 
 « 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 .Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 N 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Akha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Tu'nuts'u. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . , . 
 
 Taungnaut-pung. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Moung-ma. 
 
 K 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Chyain-huigh. 
 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Thi. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Hpa-la, mua. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Tamnai. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 .Laos, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 EmindrL 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 En. 
 
 
 Santdli, ..... 
 
 Unare, un-khona, endng, 
 
 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 
 En (?). \inakhdnagi 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Pis-d. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 I'nam. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Am. 
 
 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 Anni, ada. 
 
 •S 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 'h 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 to 
 
 Mddi 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Apo. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Nambde. 
 
 
 Gadaba 
 
 Appudu. 
 
 
 Yerukala, ..... 
 
 Apptidu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Tekhdn, areghodi. 
 
 
 'Tamil, anc, . . . 
 
 Appozhudu iappoladti). 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Appodtt, appo. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod,, . 
 
 Appol {appozh). 
 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Appudti. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . 
 
 A'ga, andu. ■ 
 
 Tujuva, .... 
 
 Apal iapazh). 
 
 ■s 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Anda, akka. 
 
 Toduva, ( • . . . 
 Toda, [ . . . 
 
 Ativan. 
 
 to 
 
 A'ni. 
 
 Kdta 
 
 Annate. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Aga. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Agate. 
 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Apale {apazhe). 
 
 
 Malabar, 
 
 Appothu. 
 
 
 Sinhalese 
 
 Ewita. 
 
CHAP. in. — ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 L/^— D A-T HE RE— TAM-ILLI C. 
 
 91 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 1 
 
 'Bodo, Hobo. 
 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, . . . 
 «| (Arabic, .... 
 
 Tafra, amutra. 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch. 
 
 
 
 . C/'s/io. 
 . Tahdn. 
 
 
 Hondk, hondlek. 
 
 ^ 
 
 .1^ IihNrir %.JX^4 A* • 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Wdiig ifdhgl). 
 
 
 
 'Bask, 
 
 An, or, hor, ara, orrat. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Stella. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Asomda. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Ott. 
 
 *M 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 Orda. 
 
 c«; 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Medehshey (?). 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Wadengu oju. 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 Ik. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Lithe. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mongolian, . . , 
 
 Tende. 
 
 .b 
 
 Ndms&g Nigd, . 
 
 
 Dinang. 
 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 Tubade. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Aunchi. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Kono. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Otiga. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Ngrika. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Disltu. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Ulo. 
 
 
 tw\ 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 . Na-li. 
 . Na-li. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Hobong. 
 Tode. 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Ko-cliii. 
 
 '^' 
 
 ■ Burman (written), 
 
 
 Homhd. 
 
 
 ^" 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . Ku-teh. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Hoinhd. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 . Hi-tau, tUhia. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Tsii-d. 
 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Aso/io, as-koni. 
 
 e 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Hd-bhe. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 . Ode. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■fe? 
 
 ' Gydmi, .... 
 
 . Ld-m'e. 
 
 
 [Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Gydrung, .... 
 
 . Had^. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Kha-na-ko. 
 
 
 7, 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 . Wo-tho. 
 
 . 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 'Paina. 
 
 
 <a 
 
 Mdnyalc, .... 
 
 Thiingd-pu, kwonait. 
 
 •P 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Taung-nau. 
 
 
 Thochu, .... 
 
 . Hdto. 
 
 i 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Ea-Hsu. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 . YdM. 
 
 s 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Kapo. 
 
 
 ^1 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 . Oiithu. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 . Hhta. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Hainan, thi-nau. 
 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 . Hdcho. 
 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Tet. 
 
 
 
 
 <o 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Hanpun. 
 
 
 
 ■ Serpa, 
 
 Chuni. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Siinwdr, .... 
 Giimng, .... 
 Miirmi, . .' . . 
 Magar, . . ". . 
 Thd,ksya, . . . . 
 
 . YkrL 
 
 . Kyiiri. ' ' ■'" .' " " 
 
 . KersyS. • - -^ 
 
 . Alak. 
 
 , Khatdikhanti. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 Endrk. 
 
 Entai. 
 
 Hdnde, hdndre, entege, 
 
 Eta thdi. 
 
 Hdhd. 
 
 ante. 
 
 t 
 
 Pdkhya, .... 
 Newdr, .... 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 . U'ta. 
 . UkL 
 . Na, 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Unthi. 
 
 Am. 
 
 Hukkai. 
 
 
 
 'Kirinti, .... 
 
 . Miydnti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 . TMhe, Mku. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, . . 
 
 . Etihyana, eudhako, moda, 
 
 (3 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 Yotni. \miyanung. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 
 . Mtksa, iniyaya. 
 
 Mddi 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 . Miiydk, modo, moya. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Ydkha, .... 
 
 Yona, yokhyd. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, . . . 
 
 . Bhanala, hhdna, gnbna. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 Akada. 
 
 
 a. 
 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 
 . Meksa; nakwdpa, ndya. 
 
 
 Khonql, • ■ • 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1" 
 
 Thulungya, ... . 
 
 . Hdno, hanopna. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Vodite. 
 
 
 Bdhingya, .... 
 
 . Nekare, meke, hare. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 Tonno. 
 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 Miyti, mobe, hdkiyu. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 
 A ill hire, ange. 
 
 
 
 Lambichhong, . .. 
 
 Yo. . ,:„:,. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Unhand, vuha. 
 
 
 1 
 
 BdMli 
 
 Mobi, moyd. _ ' : 
 
 
 'Tamil, ^'^'^■i ■ • 
 
 
 Avan. 
 
 
 Sing-ping, . . . 
 
 Meni, mopyd. \^i 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 
 Angu, ange. 
 
 
 
 Diimi 
 
 Ydkdmbi. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, .... 
 
 Yakdmbi. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Avite. 
 
 
 
 Dungmili, . . . 
 
 Hdyeyd, mtihydk. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Akka(la. 
 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 Ddrhi, 
 
 Denwir, .... 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Chepdng, .... 
 
 Bhrlmu, .... 
 
 Yiyu, ...... 
 
 Kuswar, . . . . . 
 
 VcJii. 
 Wo-ti. 
 Hong-tha. 
 Caret, 
 m-di. 
 
 Mi-ne, wa-the. 
 U'-chi-na. 
 
 1 
 s 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toqla, ; 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 T> J — 
 
 IC, 
 
 od., 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Alii. 
 
 Anchi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 At, ang. 
 
 Able. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, 
 
 Thdru, 
 
 Isdga. 
 Uhara. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumlja, 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 
 
 . Alii. 
 Alii. 
 Ange. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Pil, woba. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Angei. 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . . . 
 
 Phd-te.. , ,^. ,„„ 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Ehe. 
 
 
92 
 
 AINSI— so— THUS— TAK— SIC. 
 
 [chap, III.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 
 Types, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Boclo Worin, risha, idi, I'lrin. 
 
 s> 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 U'dotig, usdng. 
 Weo-mon, tetnon. 
 
 ■5 (Sanskrit, .... Evain, itthain. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 
 % (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kiza. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, . .- . 
 
 
 
 V'gdndd. 
 
 N 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Orrela, or la, orlatan, orlanka. 
 Ni'm. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Asundouna. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ugy. 
 
 •< 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s* 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Euikh. 
 
 1 
 
 TablungNdgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Arahrey. 
 
 1 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Itango. 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ats. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tsawe. 
 
 1 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Degimtsikn. 
 
 ■1. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 A'rarang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Teuteke. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 A'nyakdng. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Mangkana. 
 
 * 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Atti. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Marigkaten. 
 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Pua. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Eagini. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Umpe, 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Chdoti-che-yang. 
 Chdou-chc-yang. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Lakire?ii. 
 Ndaisat. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Chiu-kotn-yeon^. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman {wriiteu). 
 
 
 Thoso. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 J 
 Seh-keh. 
 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Tho-tho, the-ne. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 A'71-ni, dn-hiun. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 C/iodo, koste. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Ka. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 
 
 Handoan. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 5 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Thi-fJten-ti. 
 
 1 
 
 [Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 N 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 ' Top-peun. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Usti'cm, 
 
 ^. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 De-i, de-ne. 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 
 Thusii, tnoh. 
 
 ,5; 
 
 S 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Bayi. 
 
 
 Thochii, . 
 
 
 
 
 CheiL 
 
 g 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Nay-yo. 
 
 2; 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Yeidchldn. 
 
 t? 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Tso-na-yonk. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 . Wode. 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 V&i. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan {wrUien), 
 
 
 
 . yHsiing. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Men-ran-ni, yang nan, chen. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 
 . Dindd. 
 
 ,9 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 Plai. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^0 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Natig nai. 
 
 
 Serpa, , . . 
 
 
 
 . Dinde. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 } 
 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 
 . Akko. 
 
 CMga-Uyon. 
 
 Chuspd. 
 
 I'ddng-cha. 
 . Ho-aldba. 
 . Caret. 
 . Tha-thing. 
 
 Kon-pha-do7ig-ba. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Ra,jmahali, . . 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 
 Eiileka. 
 
 Pnlikate. 
 
 Nangkd, onko, hnnkate, ind 
 
 Nekagia. \leko, nenkdn 
 
 Yeli. 
 
 Nikemeh. 
 
 Indeki. 
 
 Vhun. 
 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 
 
 Wo'in suko. 
 
 Q 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tyaskwa iigo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 
 
 tVS'insa. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 . BdkJiyakkha. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nichhereng, . 
 
 
 
 . Antok-gnd. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mi'ignek. 
 
 'O 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 Caret: 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Naktog-ha, nd. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Amsi-iiie. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . , . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 WdiUwa, wadoinino. 
 
 
 Khoncl, . . . 
 
 
 Yisingi. 
 
 1 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Ohom. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . , . 
 
 
 Yettend. 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Yekho, mekho. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 Vokke. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Idok, modok. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 
 . YUe. 
 
 5 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 
 . Natte-khd, khd. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Yi, yemtme. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Kodokpd. 
 . Otd. 
 
 Temphem. 
 
 Tdmphevi. 
 . Igne-go. 
 
 Ye-sai. 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, . . 
 Tami], mod., . . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 . Ippadi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ingngine. 
 . Ittd. 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ye-nhe. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 . Hige, tntu. 
 
 t. 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ye-re. 
 
 1 
 
 Tuliiva, . . . 
 
 
 Inchene. 
 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhi'dimi, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 , He, k/idksd. 
 
 
 Kiu-gi, . . 
 Toduva, > 
 Toda, I 
 
 
 
 Innane. 
 Iggas, 
 
 tS 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 I'-ma. 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 . iiigei, angei. 
 
 ? 
 
 
 
 
 F-scge. 
 
 K6ta, . . 
 
 
 
 A'te, angei. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tantaii. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 . Edge. 
 
 =^ 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Hdn. 
 
 
 KurumlDa, 
 
 
 
 . Hdge. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 
 
 . Jpadi. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 A'lom. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Ippadi, avoethamaka. 
 
 
 Bhiltdni v. Lh 
 
 op 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Ode, de. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 . Mesi. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 A-ZU (NACH)-TO— K'— AD. 
 
 93 
 
 ■5 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 '?^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■| (Sansktiit, 
 -^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ■ Gyilmi, 
 Gyd-rung, . 
 Ttikpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochil, . 
 Sokpa, , . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwilr, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pikhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Niichhereng, 
 Wailing, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bd-hingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-piing, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungnulli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepang, . 
 Bhrlmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 -e, -hhydm^ -bhyas^ (dat.). 
 //ff, / (insep. prefix). 
 
 -ra, -rat ; gana, ganat. 
 
 -Ik. 
 
 -ra, -ba. 
 
 -ah, -eh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -sa. 
 
 -to, -til, -do, -dn. 
 
 -de. 
 
 Marang. 
 
 Dateng. 
 
 Ka, dkan. 
 
 Kih. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Kwo. 
 
 Taw. 
 
 Kdu. 
 
 -ni. 
 
 -ne, -te. 
 
 Khd. '• ' 
 
 Caret. 
 Syd, la. 
 We. 
 Shil. 
 Tii. 
 
 Gi (?), da. 
 Ld, tii, du, ra, si. 
 Ld. 
 
 Ld.^ 
 
 Kali. 
 
 Be. 
 
 Dd. ' . ' 
 
 XL . ■ - 
 
 Dhydri. 
 
 La. 
 
 Ydta. 
 
 Mo, nin. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Lagi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, . •■■-'■ 
 
 Caret. , | 
 
 Caret. ., ,;. 
 
 Caret. ] 
 
 Caret. j 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Lai. 
 Ki. 
 Yd-ta. 
 Sdi. 
 
 m. 
 
 Caret. 
 Ldi. 
 Ldi. 
 Kerdke. 
 
 Kd, rem. 
 U. 
 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 h 
 
 ■s 
 
 ^ 
 
 8 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Nc4gd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khilri Ndgd, . 
 y\ngdmi Niigd, 
 Ndmsdng NAgc4, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {wn/icn), 
 Burraan {.rpkm), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, ... . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 Khdrnti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhilmij, . 
 Urdon, . . 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kol ami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, . . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tami], anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod,, 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 -no. 
 
 -eng 
 
 -ko, -no (?). 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Da {na 1). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Tang. 
 
 Nat. 
 
 Telbpu. 
 
 Lope. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Fe. 
 
 A'. 
 
 A', go. 
 
 A'. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pway. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Tsu. 
 
 En. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kyo. 
 
 K:e. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hang, ti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ tt. 
 
 Ti {then f). 
 
 Sell (in.'compos.), 
 
 the. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 -the (?). 
 
 Baina. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ku. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ti. 
 
 No. 
 
 ICu. 
 
 k:u. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -ku, -gti. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 -kka, -una. 
 
 L<M, ki. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ge, kke. 
 
 Ku, ge. 
 
 -ku, -gu. 
 
 K. 
 
 Ge. 
 
 Ge. 
 
 Ga. 
 
 Ge, ke. 
 
 Ke. 
 
 Ku. 
 
 -ta. 
 
 ■the, -then, 
 [-phed. 
 
94 
 
 AUJOURD'HUI— HEUTE— TO-DAY—SEHODNYA— HODIE. [CHAP, ill.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■•£: 
 
 Sanskrit, 
 Arabic, , 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 <; 
 
 'Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 ^" 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 S 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 i 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Malay, . 
 
 
 
 % 
 % 
 
 I 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 ' Gyimi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {zm-itten), 
 
 _ Tibetan {spokm), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pikhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 < Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Dumi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungradli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denvvdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Adya. 
 IlyoHin. 
 
 Gaur, egtin. 
 
 Tanapana. 
 
 Ma. 
 
 Bugun. 
 
 Nep. 
 
 Dghes. 
 
 Ene, edur. 
 
 Enenggi. 
 
 Dinna-iki. 
 
 Dinten-punniki. 
 
 Harini. 
 
 Kin-jth. 
 
 Chin-jih. 
 
 Kavi-yat. 
 
 Kiang-tsaw. 
 
 Kin-nd-jit. 
 
 Kon-nichi. 
 
 Ainii. 
 
 Chin-the. 
 
 Pish-nyi. 
 
 TasJii. 
 
 Tany&r. 
 
 Pashi. 
 
 In dt'ir. 
 
 Pas-ni. 
 
 Dering. 
 
 Thiring. 
 
 Taring. 
 
 Mwi-ldti. 
 
 Tini. 
 
 Tint. 
 
 Chini. 
 
 Ndmd. 
 
 A'ja. 
 
 Thawon. 
 
 Ain. 
 
 At. 
 
 A'i, die. 
 
 Aya, di. 
 
 Pdyain. 
 
 A'se. 
 
 A'ilo, dyo. 
 
 HolCyen. 
 
 Tianso. 
 
 Yese. 
 
 Anep. 
 
 A'na. 
 
 A'ytt. 
 
 Hdlok. 
 
 I-sin. 
 
 Yese. 
 
 A'nyol. 
 
 Anyalo. 
 
 A'-i. 
 
 A'ju. 
 
 A'-ju. 
 
 Tha-ra. 
 
 Te-n. 
 
 Ti-ya. 
 
 Ti-ri. 
 
 A'-ja. 
 
 Itwaji, ipwaji. 
 
 Aju. 
 
 Sarong. 
 Dharing. 
 
 
 So 
 
 h 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ■ Bodo, 
 
 Dine. 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Nani. 
 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 Aj, adhya (?). 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Tingnl. ■ 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 
 DinesanchL 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Ashi. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Anyi. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tinyi. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Thajii. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Teje. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tajd. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tannu. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Thanglu. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Silo. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Silo. 
 
 Deoria- Chutia, . . 
 
 Dinineni. 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Daini. 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 Yane. 
 
 Burman (spoken), . . 
 
 Yane, thu-khana 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Tun-ap. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Wei-ni. 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 Wd-i-ni. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ,Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Thang wayrmu. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 APsah, iritsai. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Eni-yu. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Haii-ne. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Ma-hniht. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Hom-nay. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Wan-ni, wan ni. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Banai. 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Wamd. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 Tising. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Nd 
 
 SantdU, .... 
 
 Teheng. 
 
 Bhumij, .... 
 
 Tising. 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Inam. 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Tihin. 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Ine. 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Naind, naiu. 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddi 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 luanu. 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Nenju. 
 
 Sdvara 
 
 Nangadini. 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Yinchd 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 I'mdn. 
 
 Cheritsu, . . . . 
 
 Ayije, ajko. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . . 
 
 Ittai. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . , 
 
 Inru, innaki. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Inna. 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 Nedu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Karnataka, mod., 
 
 Vhottu. 
 
 Tuliiva, .... 
 
 Ini. 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Indti. 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Toda, \ . . . 
 
 Idd. 
 
 E'du. 
 
 Kdta 
 
 Inde. 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Indu. 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Indu. 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Indu. 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Indu, indeikku. 
 
 Sinhalese,. ... 
 
 Ada. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] DEMAIN—MORGEN— TO-MORROW— ZAVTRA—CRAS. 
 
 95 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■•g (Sanskrit, 
 "$, (Arabic, . 
 
 ■ Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 1 
 § 
 ft 
 
 I 
 
 Si 
 
 ■Si 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 .s 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tilkpa, . 
 Mitnyak, . 
 'I'hochi'i, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan [written) 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Gilrung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pikhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kir^nti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Nichhereng. 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BiMli, . . 
 Sing-ping, 
 Ddmi, . , 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Dirhi, . . 
 Dcnwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, , , 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 'Svah. 
 Bukra, ghadd. 
 
 Bigar, biar. 
 
 Hnomcmia. 
 
 Kolnap. 
 
 Yarin. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khkal. 
 
 Managhai. 
 
 Chimakha, chiinari. 
 
 Sksok. 
 
 Benjing-enjing. 
 
 Esok-hdri. 
 
 Ming-flh. 
 Ming-jih. 
 Ming-yat. 
 Ming-tsaw. 
 
 Bin-nd-jit, bin-nd-chhi. 
 Myonichi^ meo-nichi. 
 
 Pagi. 
 
 Min the. 
 
 Sos-nyi. 
 
 Nflgor. 
 
 Son'i/t. 
 
 Sozyri. 
 
 Mdgdr. 
 
 lOiasi. 
 
 Sang, t/iore. 
 
 Sdng. 
 
 Thordng. 
 
 Dis. 
 
 Nhdgd. 
 
 Nangar. 
 
 Py&ng&rd. 
 
 Tila. 
 
 Bholi. : " . 
 
 Ka-nhai. 
 
 Tdndik. 
 
 Mang-koleng. 
 Sen-la, sen-lam. 
 Mdngkolen. 
 Wdrangda. 
 Sdla. 
 
 Hdmdye, mangkolen. 
 Wdng' di. 
 Dis'-na. 
 Desa aK . 
 Dika. 
 Dil'la. 
 Weng-dd. 
 
 Selmd. 
 
 Seldmd. 
 
 DUyd. 
 
 Disd-d. 
 
 Hdmd-young. 
 
 KdlA. 
 
 Ka-lhi, ka-l-hi. 
 
 Kin-chi. 
 
 Sydng. 
 
 iVo-gai. 
 
 Nu-kana, 
 
 Kdl-hi. 
 
 Gorak. 
 
 Kdlhi. 
 
 Mk. 
 
 Ndbah. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ►^ 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 Bodo, Gdbtin. 
 
 Dhimdl, Jt'imni. 
 
 Kocch, Kal, kalya (?). 
 
 Garo, Gdndp. 
 
 Kdchiri, Kapun sanche. 
 
 ' Munipuri Arjiig. 
 
 M/thdn Ndgd, . . . Nai-iii 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Ngai-ni. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Asang 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . , . Thedii. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . Ninap. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Asong. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . A' sang. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... lampo. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Yainpo. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Disuini. 
 
 Singpho, Mphoni. 
 
 ' Burman {written), . . Nakphan. 
 
 Burman (spoken), . . . Netphdn. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Nhdt-ta. 
 
 Kdmi, Cha-khon. 
 
 Kdmi, Qui-ddm. 
 
 Mnl V. Toung, . . » Caret. 
 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Li-ya. 
 
 Sgaii-karcn, .... 'Kai-ghnw. 
 
 Pwo-l<arcn, .... Kc-ghau-koh. 
 
 Toungh-lhu, .... Mu-rcii. 
 
 Shdn, Md-hpot. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Ngay-mai. 
 
 Siamese, Hpunei phrungni. 
 
 Ahom, Sang-manai. 
 
 Khdmti, Maphok. 
 
 Laos, Phuk. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Gappa. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Gtiphd. 
 
 Santdli, Gdpd (declined with -ko, -b, 
 
 Bhdmij, Gtiphd. \_-pe). 
 
 Urdon, Neld. 
 
 Mundala, Gdpd. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Lele. 
 
 Gondi, Nadi, ningnai. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Midi Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Nalaka. 
 
 Khond, Rosi. 
 
 Sdvara, Biyo. 
 
 Gadaba, Beyyar. 
 
 Yerukala, Nesii. 
 
 Chentsu, Kayil. 
 
 Tami], anc. Pinrei. 
 
 Tamil, mod Ndlei, ndleikku. 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Ndle. 
 
 Telugu, Bin (anc), repu (mod.). 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karijdtaka, mod,, . . Ndle. 
 
 Tukiva Elli. 
 
 Kurgi, Ndle. 
 
 Toqluva,) . . . _,. Mokol. 
 
 Tor) a, ) ..... Belkash. 
 
 Kdta Nalke. 
 
 Bacjaga, Nale. 
 
 KurumJoa, .... Nale. 
 
 Iruja, Nale. 
 
 Malabar, Ndlei. 
 
 Sinhalese, Hcta. 
 
96 
 
 QUAND— WANN— WHEN ?— KOGDA— QUUM. 
 
 [chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 ■1 JArabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kadd, karhi. 
 Lafnma, mata, iza 
 
 s 
 
 Bask, . . , 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Noiz. 
 
 Koska. 
 
 Mikor. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 5; 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Odes. 
 
 !< 
 
 R 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ghetsighe. 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Atanggi. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 
 Kapan. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 
 Kapan. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . . 
 
 
 Kdpan. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Shin-t}io-shi. 
 
 tyj 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Shen-mo-shih. 
 
 ■*3 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Ki-shi. 
 
 r 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Ki-sz'. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 7t-si. 
 
 
 _ Japanese, . 
 
 
 
 
 Itsugoro, itsu. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Chi-wakt. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Nd-khim. 
 
 g 
 
 Gydning, . . 
 
 
 
 
 This-dui, kwiUtra. 
 
 h 
 
 Tikpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kashu. 
 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ninkhe. 
 
 ■| 
 
 Thochu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Thisni. 
 
 ^ 
 '^ 
 ^ 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 KJiech-che. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 .Sa-deu. 
 
 g 
 
 Tibetan {wnttcii), 
 
 
 
 Gang-tse, nam. 
 
 s 
 
 ^ Tibetan {spoken), 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 KJia-dwi. 
 Tanam. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Siinwir, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gend. 
 
 > 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kdi-mo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Kd'i-ma. 
 
 "t? ■ 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 Syen. 
 
 Thiksya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tigni. 
 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gola. 
 . Aphdle. 
 
 DciJik/ie. 
 . Delo. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 . Demkhe. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 A'ndiii. 
 
 r-~- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 . A'dein. 
 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Dciiiklia, kli'uiaiit. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Heiniug, Iieli'ii'mg. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 . A'selo. 
 
 i 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Hddolo, hddemiye. 
 
 a^ 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Ildm-syukd. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gydna. 
 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 . A'ndm, hdndm. 
 
 w 
 
 Lainbichhong, 
 
 
 
 . Henihlna. 
 
 S 
 
 \~2t 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 
 Hddemlo. 
 
 < 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 . Hallo. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . flelo. 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Hebelo. 
 
 
 Dungmdii, 
 
 
 
 
 . Khindni. 
 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . , 
 
 
 
 
 . Kdhe. 
 
 % 
 <; 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kanliiii. 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Gwe-thc. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Blirdmu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kai-llie. 
 
 [^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Hd-ke. 
 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Ka-khen. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 . A'salU. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Kahahii. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 
 
 . Sathd. 
 
 
 Bhutdni V. LI 
 
 lop 
 
 a, 
 
 
 . Nam. 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 <o 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 
 
 Mdbeld. 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 Helou. 
 
 Kocch, . 
 
 
 
 Kab. 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Bibd. 
 
 jachdri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Horen. 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Kuim. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tadzune. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Matu suanta. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Kodang. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kdpd. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Udilo. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Dunioni. 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Yango. 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 
 Bhesokhd. 
 
 Barman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Bhethokhd. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 I-'k'ho-d. 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Hd-ni-kdn. 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Md-na-kd. 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 A-khalarau. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Tu, kai-lai. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Taung. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Ttt-ma. 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Chyain-lii. 
 
 Annaraitic, . 
 
 
 lOd-nao. 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 Hpalahighn, mia-dai. 
 
 Ahoin, .... 
 
 
 Plireii-nai. 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Chooila. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhura), 
 
 
 Chi'dld. 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Tin-joho, tinare, okdhildh, 
 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. \tisah 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Ekd here. 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 
 Chielo, chimto. 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 I-kono. 
 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 
 Baska, vang-pvr. 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, . , . 
 
 
 Yepo. 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Yesekd. 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 Yeriga. 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 Yindoyi. 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 
 Yeppudu. 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Kekhan, kekkoneki. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 
 Eppozhudu. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . , 
 
 
 Eppodu, yeppo. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 
 Eppol. 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Eppudu, yeppudu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Ydvdga. 
 
 Tujuva, . . . 
 
 
 Epmg. 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Ekka. 
 
 Toduva, ■_ 
 Toda, 
 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 
 Etvan. 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Yennale, 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Ycgva. 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Yega. 
 
 Iruja, . , 
 
 
 
 Yepa. 
 
 Malabar,' . 
 
 
 
 Eppothu. 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 . Kawadd. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERnS, ETC.] 
 
 OU— WO— WHERE ?— GDYE— UBI. 
 
 97 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 ' Bodo, 
 
 Mouha. 
 
 1 (Sanskrit, . . 
 4 (Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 Xva, kntra. 
 Ayn, haith. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 Kocch, .... 
 Garo, 
 
 Hesho. 
 
 Kahdn. 
 
 Bil. 
 
 s 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 Non, nun. 
 
 ^' 
 
 ,Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, . , . 
 
 
 
 Kusa. 
 
 
 ' Mimipuri, . . . 
 
 Keida. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hoi. 
 
 "ti 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Paupu. 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, , . 
 
 
 
 Nereye. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Taw-wni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Tehduey. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgil 
 
 Knehi. 
 
 !■ 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 
 
 Kidre. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 Kiraporu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 AH. 
 
 •|. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 Makoa. 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 A i bide. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Kons^. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Endi. 
 
 'J; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 Oliga. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Fundi. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Uiigkolo. 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 JDimdna. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Okolon. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Shin-mo-ti-fang, na-li. 
 Shen-mo-ti-fang, na-li. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 ^ Singpho, .... 
 
 Borong. 
 Gadegtii. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Pinchii. 
 
 •1 
 
 ^ Burman {written), 
 
 Bhemhd. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Hd-li. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman [spokm), . . 
 
 Bhcmhd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Ta-loh-M. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 Inidm. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Doko., do-koni. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Nd-nd-be. 
 
 ^ » * 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 Kdmi, ..... 
 
 Md-mo. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Ardde. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Ld-li. 
 
 
 ^Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Katii. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 Alorau. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Gd, gdhd. 
 
 ^* 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . . 
 
 Pai-lai. 
 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Khade. 
 
 r-. 
 
 Pvvo-karen, . . . . 
 
 Shaing-ie. 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 Tano. 
 
 \ 
 
 'loungh-thii, . . . 
 
 Eii-limay. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Thyerthor. 
 
 7 
 
 Shdn, ._ . . . . 
 
 Kalau. 
 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Lore. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Dau. 
 
 .8 
 
 Tibetan (wriiim), 
 
 
 
 Gangna. 
 
 •h 
 
 Siamese 
 
 Kalau, thi-nai. 
 
 6 
 
 Tibetan (sioken), 
 
 
 
 Khdcho. 
 
 s 
 
 .a 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Ho. 
 
 ^.Z X. 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Thau. 
 
 
 ■ Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kdni. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Tinai. 
 
 1; 
 
 Sdnwir, . . 
 Gdrung, . . 
 Milrmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thiksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Dotha, getha. 
 
 Khanlri. 
 
 Khdin. 
 
 Kiilak. 
 
 Tomi. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 Santdli, .... 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Okoirk. 
 
 Okotai. 
 
 Ukuri, okdre, okdte, okathen. 
 
 Oko-thdi. 
 
 Eksan. 
 
 1 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 
 
 Kota. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 U'thi. 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 GMhe. 
 Atdng. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . , . 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 Ikeno. 
 Bugga, vagd. 
 
 
 ' Kirinti, . . 
 
 
 
 Khdddnii. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 Khoda. 
 
 S3 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Khdda, khdda-nung. 
 
 •^ 
 p 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Hoket. 
 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •vi 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Hdppa, hdpbdle. 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 i 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Khini, khdda. 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Heh'na, hennehe. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, . 
 
 
 
 Thdlo. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Yckada. 
 
 s. 
 
 Kulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Ildpise, hdkwade. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■|, ■ 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Bdte, bdnte. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Tengd. 
 
 ;^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Gydla, a-jt'iju-di. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Ammano. 
 
 ■■« 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Hdngbe, hdmpe. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Yite, yenge. 
 
 s 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Iletne. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Kuhand, kahd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hdpdbi, hdpdng. 
 
 
 'Tamil, anc 
 
 Evan. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Hd-pi. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Engu, yenge. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khebi. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Khdbi. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . 
 
 Eviie. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 KMbi, khibiyd. 
 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Ekkada, 'eda. 
 
 •^ 
 
 ■ Ddi-hi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kd-chi. 
 
 .«• 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Kar^idtaka, mod., 
 
 ■ Caret. 
 Elli. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 Kd-chi. 
 Gu-thd. 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Tuluva 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Todiiva,) . . . 
 Toda, 1 . . . 
 K(5ta, 
 
 Odeke. 
 Vein. 
 Ett. 
 
 5 . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 
 Ku-nai. 
 
 1 
 
 Et. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hd-ne. 
 
 <o 
 
 Yeyc. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 KusLinda, . . 
 
 ^ Thdrii, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ka-chi-na. 
 
 A'naka. 
 
 Kdnha. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 Kurumba; . . . 
 Iruh, 
 
 . Yelli. 
 . Yelli. 
 Yenge. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim) 
 Bhdtt'mi v. Lhop 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Saba, sabi. 
 Kdnd-ie. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 _ Sinhalese, , . . 
 
 Engei. 
 . Kolitda. 
 
POURQUOI— WARUM— WHY ?— POCHEMU— CUR. 
 
 [chap. III. — ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, 
 <!, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, . 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochd, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {writtm) 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, , ' . 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng. 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, , 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kiiswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 O 
 
 1^ 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 ? 
 
 
 Kim-artliani. 
 Limdza, laish. 
 
 Z^rgatik, zegaiti, zeren. 
 
 Mita. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nichun. 
 
 Sida. 
 
 Rad. 
 
 Yahonotola. 
 
 Aimc. 
 
 Pumiapaha. 
 
 YaghinL 
 A'pakarana. 
 
 Wei-shin-mo. 
 
 Wci-s/ieiMHO. 
 
 Wai-mat-ye. 
 
 Wei-sah. 
 
 Siati-sA. 
 
 Nazhe, nase. 
 
 Antai. 
 
 Syd-chti. 
 
 Thiis-pe. 
 
 Sagyak. 
 
 Hdmile. 
 
 Niblin, nishi. 
 
 Tharichhin. 
 
 A'chti-gno. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khd-in. 
 
 Kdng. 
 
 Mara. 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Tik. 
 
 Kt'itta. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chhd. 
 
 The-jokma, the-dng. 
 
 Khd'inse. 
 
 Denia. 
 
 Delia, dene. 
 
 Mcchclihd. 
 
 U'liiu. 
 
 Dchd-ud. 
 
 Irok-hd, irok. 
 
 A'sc, dind. 
 
 Ddi, ddtukwa. 
 
 Hdgna, hainta. 
 
 Marcho, martha. 
 
 Imang-miisi, manthoiig. 
 
 Thimmd. 
 
 U'khdlo. 
 
 Ydtipi. 
 
 Mdpi'tne. 
 
 Mdbi. 
 
 Tend. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mis-pa. 
 
 Kyi'i-Imn. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Shi't-mat. 
 Kdm-be. 
 
 
 'Bodo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mdtio. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 
 Hai-pdli. 
 
 <^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Ki-tdne. 
 
 ftji 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 A'tdng 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Karigi-tumuk. 
 
 •v! 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Chibatsawi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kaji. 
 
 •1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 Reto. 
 
 s 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Kashia. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kado. 
 
 5 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Okkiduna. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Kappu. 
 
 l^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Damtto. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Pari. 
 
 ■§" 
 
 ■ Burman (lurittm), 
 
 
 Bheprulo. 
 
 b 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Bhepyitlo. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 P-iia-to-dm. 
 
 h' 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 . Ta-H-sd-n' e. 
 
 a 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 .Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Mu-parau. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 M'nulai, mu-lai. 
 
 .8 
 1 
 
 Pvvo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Nau-lai. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 H'twa-ntay. 
 
 9 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . . 
 
 
 Pen-htsau. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Ldm-sao. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Hta mihn, phra aurai 
 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Wd. 
 
 =o 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Chikan-mentk. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Chikan-minte. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Chdh, c/iedd, chetldgih. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 
 
 Chi-llka. 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Indarl. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 
 Chikanle. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 
 Indrik. 
 
 
 Gondi, . 
 
 
 
 Bass-dti, bdrad, barri. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . 
 Keikddi, 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, 
 Yerukala, 
 Chentsu, 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 > ' • 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Ycndtuku. 
 Annddeki. 
 /itdsamgnd. 
 Caret. 
 
 Yeiwnatuku, phaldyd. 
 Kissdle. 
 
 Ennei. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 
 Ell, y'cdii. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 
 Entina. 
 
 
 Teliigu, . . . 
 
 
 Ela, yenduku. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .Q 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Ydtake, ydke. 
 
 
 Tuluva, . . 
 
 
 Jayekk. 
 
 S ■ 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, [ 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 
 A'ed. 
 
 <^ 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Yendea. 
 
 Yeka. 
 
 Yeka. 
 
 Yenna. 
 
 En, ethukkuka. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Ayi. 
 
CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 AVEC-MIT-WITH-S'-CUM. 
 
 99 
 
 
 ■5- 
 
 fef 
 
 Si 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 > 
 
 Ci 
 
 S^ 
 
 I. 
 
 s 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■g (Sansk^lit, 
 •I, (Arabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, , . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyilmi, 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 Thochti, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 Milrmi, . 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Nichhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bihingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, _. 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, , 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Sam-, sa-, saha. 
 Maa. 
 
 -gaz, -kin, -ki. 
 
 Kanssa. 
 
 -val. 
 
 -ileh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -tha. 
 
 Logha, tula. 
 
 Sasa. 
 
 Sambi, kambi. 
 
 Kalayan. 
 
 Dangan. 
 
 Tung 
 
 T'ung. 
 
 Tung. 
 
 Teh-tsz\ ho. 
 
 Kap. 
 
 -to, tomoni. 
 
 -to. 
 
 Khdng-chhen. 
 
 Kri, khyds. 
 
 Ni'im-lang. 
 
 Phde. 
 
 Ong 
 
 Thdngdi. 
 
 A'che. 
 
 Lhanchig. 
 
 Ld, dd. 
 
 Tdng. 
 
 NM. 
 
 JDe, deye. 
 
 Ta; . ;■■-- 
 
 Le-thdng, khdta. 
 
 Gndyero. 
 
 Saga. 
 
 Yaken, ndpo.\ 
 
 NA, teng. 
 
 Dd. 
 
 Pida. 
 
 It'nan. 
 
 JViing. 
 
 Gndng, mdng. 
 
 Pi, edd, inan. 
 
 Niing. 
 
 Bilo. 
 
 Gdmpi, lo. 
 
 Nung. 
 
 Nung. 
 
 Nung. 
 
 Lok. 
 
 Lung. 
 
 Pi. 
 
 Pi, ke, 
 
 Pobi, kolo. 
 
 Bifpi, ndng 
 
 SM. 
 
 I'n. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 I. 
 
 Chon. 
 
 Nong. 
 
 Sin. 
 
 Tangche. 
 
 Saga. 
 
 Sd, tyol. 
 Chd, dd, chdro. 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 E^ 
 h 
 
 ,0 
 
 to 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Bode, . . . 
 
 Dhim£l, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri,^ . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgci, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Ktlmi, ... 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 Talain v. Hon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . _ . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, , 
 
 Gondi) • • • 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . , 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khon(^, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . ' , 
 
 Yerukala, . ". 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod,, . 
 Malaydlma, .mc, 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, \ 
 Toda, J 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Lago,jong 
 Dopd, dosd. 
 Dosor, sdthe. 
 Mon. 
 Caret. 
 
 Loi-nit-na. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ashe. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yasu. 
 
 Suga. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Logolo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nhang. 
 Nhen, hnen. 
 Yung. 
 Hd-i. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ku. 
 
 Dan, atho. 
 
 Dai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Han. 
 
 Kung. 
 
 Kha, duei. 
 
 Chum. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Lo, teinredo. 
 
 Tote. 
 
 Gdte, t/ilui, sailngte. 
 
 Tului (?). 
 
 Sang. 
 
 Gatt, minna. 
 
 Guni. 
 
 Sang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ruhd. 
 
 Bonom. 
 
 Tote. 
 
 Sang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -bdu, -Mda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -oie, -kUte. 
 
 -to. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -kiida, -sangatfa. 
 
 -otttigu. 
 
 -ktide. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -senga4a. 
 
 -koda. 
 
 -sangada. 
 
 -ki'ida. 
 
 -udan, odu, idat-thu. 
 
 -samaga. 
 
lOO 
 
 DEDANS— INNERHATT— WITHIN— VNUTRI— INTRA. 
 
 [chap. III. — ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, . . 
 <^ (Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, . . . 
 
 h 
 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan (-wriitcn), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Milrmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 Thaksya, . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, 
 
 <; 
 
 ^5 
 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung. 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Edldli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . ,. 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa; 
 
 Antar. 
 Joud. 
 
 Barman, barrena, barrura, 
 amen. 
 
 \b. 
 
 Sisainen. 
 
 Be. 
 
 Ich. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Todova. 
 
 Dorgi. 
 
 Sajero. 
 
 Salebetting. 
 
 Diddlam. 
 
 Net. 
 
 Net. 
 
 Noi. 
 
 IJ-Iiiang. 
 
 Ldi-bin. 
 
 UchL naka. 
 
 Fahti. 
 
 Lithu. 
 Ugi't, wogu. 
 Nengd. 
 Kim. 
 Kilki't. 
 Tatar. 
 Ndng. 
 Ndng, }id. 
 Ndng. 
 
 Ndng. 
 
 A'gd. 
 
 Nhori. 
 
 Tung-gyer. 
 
 Bhitar. 
 
 Nhdri. 
 
 Bhitra. 
 
 Di'ine. 
 
 Ivi'isi-gang, ho7ig. 
 
 Ukung-yd. 
 
 Kung-ya. SJiongda. 
 
 Ukonghndya, ukongya, 
 
 Uki'ii/ibe, khinibdyu. 
 
 K/iiingwa, khhngo. 
 
 K/iiniko, akiingya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Jvuditkwdya, koya. 
 
 Gopa. 
 
 Gona, tig^oa-ana. 
 
 Affimidi, agwa-ia. 
 
 liongsiyi't. 
 
 Ichhite. 
 
 Hoksyi'iyu. 
 
 Hoptdn. 
 
 U'tong. 
 
 Ugo-ya. 
 
 Um-kong-ya. 
 
 Bhitar. 
 Bhitar. 
 Dohon. 
 Caret. 
 
 Trka, ndng. 
 Neng, bek. 
 Bhitar. 
 Wdha. 
 Bhitra. 
 
 Sagong 
 
 \ 
 
 hj 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 ft) 
 h 
 
 Ndng. 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman (wriitcn), 
 Buvman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kumi, . . . 
 Mril V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pvvo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . , 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . , 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 fc 
 ■s 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 Tamij, mod., . 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Malaydlma, mod 
 
 Telugu, . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc 
 
 Kanidtaka, mod 
 
 Tujuva, 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 Toduva,) 
 
 Toda, I 
 
 Kdta, , . 
 
 Badaga, , 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 Singou, sing. 
 Lipta. 
 Bhitar. 
 Pumavai. 
 Nti noishing. 
 
 Yinmng. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tisinge. 
 
 Kinu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Talong. 
 
 Atap. 
 
 A'rdso. 
 
 Araso. 
 
 Chikimi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Atwang. 
 
 Atwen, a-hlay-mha. 
 
 Di'igdme. 
 
 A'-thum-be. 
 
 Thum. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kha-tway. 
 
 A'-pu, len-pu. 
 
 Ler-a-pung. 
 
 En-pii. 
 
 Ka-noung. 
 
 Trong. 
 
 TChannotmg., thmai. 
 
 Khauju. 
 
 Tinaii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tallare. 
 
 Bhitar. 
 
 Bhitdr, bhitarite. 
 
 Bhitar. 
 
 U'ld. 
 
 Bhitar. 
 
 U'le. 
 
 TiappH, m'lpd niandar. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 WuUe. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Alogna. 
 
 Vomidi. 
 
 Vulle. 
 
 Bhitar. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -title. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Akatta. 
 
 Lopala, logd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 0/age. 
 
 Oli. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ullu. 
 
 Ulf. 
 
 U'hiH. 
 
 Volage. 
 
 Vollage. 
 
 me. 
 uim. 
 
 Atull 
 
CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 SANS-OHNE-WITHOUT-BEZ-SINE. 
 
 roi 
 
 c3 
 
 Types. 
 
 •^ (Sanskrit, . . 
 'I, (Arabic, . . . 
 s 
 
 Bask, .... 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 Mongolian, . . 
 
 Mantshu, . . 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . , 
 
 Vind. 
 Beld. 
 
 igabe, -ke; gabe, baga bake, 
 
 t 
 V 
 
 I 
 
 Tta. 
 
 -nelkul. 
 
 -siz. 
 
 Weyrey, burey. 
 
 Thwienier. 
 
 Ughc'i, n^hei-bar, 
 
 De ah. 
 Ora-nganggo. 
 Boten-ngangge. 
 Korang. 
 
 Fuh-yti. 
 
 Mei-yu, 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Veh-yu, veh-i-daw. 
 
 Bo. 
 
 Foka. nakute. ■ '- 
 
 [-bake. 
 
 4) 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahu{, Bag/tar. 
 
 Gydmi, .... 
 Gydrung, .... 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 Thochd, .... 
 
 Sokpa 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 Tibetan {wriUen), 
 Tibetan (spoken), , . 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 Siinwd,r, .... 
 
 Gdrung, .... 
 
 Mtirmi, .... 
 
 Magar, . . . . 
 
 Thdksya, .... 
 
 Pdkliya, .... 
 
 Newdr, .... 
 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 f 
 
 ' Kir^nti, . . . 
 
 Rodong, . . . 
 Rdngchenbung, . 
 
 Chhingtingya, . 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . 
 
 Wdling, . . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . . 
 
 Chour^sya, . . 
 
 Kulungya, . . 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Lohorong, . . 
 
 Lambichhong, . 
 
 BdMli, . . . . 
 
 S^ng-pdng, . . 
 
 Ddmi, . . . . 
 
 Khiling, , . . 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 f Ddrhi 
 
 Denwir, . . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 Chep^ng, . . . 
 
 Bhrimu, . . . 
 
 Vdyu 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 
 Th^ru,. . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Momd, meyti-md. 
 
 Kamei. - • 
 
 Ma-nona. 
 
 MdjA. 
 
 Maruk. 
 
 U'g-gwe. 
 
 Mdchii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thdna. 
 
 Me-tdla. 
 
 MabdtM. 
 
 Ar-esyd. 
 
 A'dd-nd. 
 
 Mdmiile. 
 
 Arobhoja. 
 
 Bholi. 
 
 Madaya-kang. 
 
 Menne. 
 
 Mddang. 
 
 Madang. 
 
 Madang, mandang. 
 
 Mdngchi. 
 
 Mdngdi. 
 
 Mochhi. 
 
 Mdfiniing, metning. 
 
 Sokho. 
 
 Mdndi. 
 
 Mdnthi. 
 
 MdntJti. 
 
 Meddin'g. 
 
 Mdngchhi, 
 
 Medding. 
 
 Mand, mdn. 
 
 Mduthine, mandi. 
 
 Mdng-thd. 
 
 Mdnchhi. 
 
 Bdhir. 
 
 Bdhir. 
 
 Pen-hd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Am-bu. 
 
 Tongma, lok. 
 
 Bdhir. 
 
 Kduthd-i. 
 
 Nahiho-i, 
 
 Ti. 
 Te-lo. 
 
 05 
 
 
 
 k 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 "3 
 
 a 
 
 'Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Teng.sa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman [written], 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . , . 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 Sdk, . . . . 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, , 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhtimij, . . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi,. 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 Mddi, . . .■ . 
 
 Mddia,. . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khoiid, . . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 
 Tamil, mod-, . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Kurgi, . . . . 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Tod a, j . . 
 
 Kdta 
 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 Irula, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese,. . 
 
 Ongd, geya. 
 
 MdntJd. 
 
 Bine. 
 
 Thong chani gamang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Ba. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hpa. 
 
 Ler-koung (?). 
 
 La--koung, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mai. 
 
 Kyang-ko. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kai-tainredo. 
 
 Bdnod. 
 
 Bdnuh (= is not), begar. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Sdmd. 
 
 Walo. 
 
 Bahro, bigur. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Beilu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Y'ejja. 
 
 Vuregusu. 
 
 Yilladote. 
 
 Navundnai. 
 
 -anri. 
 
 -illdmal. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -illdte, -hitdte. 
 
 -lekiindd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -illade. 
 
 -horata. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 -allade. 
 
 -allade. 
 
 -allade. 
 
 -allade. 
 
 -adalla. 
 
 -villu, allathu, itidi, 
 
 -ndtiia. 
 
I02 
 
 OUI— JA— YES— DA— ITA. 
 
 [chap. III. — ADVERBS, ETC. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 "1 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 . Ongo, ong-thdrgo. 
 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 <S, (Arabic, . 
 
 
 Bddham. 
 Naain, eiwa, hda. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 . He,jeng. 
 . Hen. 
 . Hd. 
 
 
 N 
 
 'Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 Bai. 
 
 On (= it is). 
 
 fei 
 
 . Kdchdri, 
 ■ Munipuri, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 . Hoi. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 Igen. 
 
 } 
 
 (Si 
 
 MfthdnNdgd, . . 
 
 . Vai. 
 
 
 §= 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 Evet. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Aiya. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 Wayhi. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 . Hau. 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 . He. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . , 
 
 . E. 
 
 
 g 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 . Miin. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Idanga. 
 
 
 e 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 . Inu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . 
 
 . Au. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Jya. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . , 
 
 . Ho. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Inggih. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 . In. 
 
 
 
 _ Malay, .... 
 
 Behkan. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . U. 
 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Shi. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Hoi. 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 . Shih. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 . Raia. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Hai. 
 
 "i 
 
 ' Burman {■written). 
 
 . Hotkhe. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . S£. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman [spoken), . . 
 
 . Hokhe, hot-kai. 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Si, chidn-si. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 . A-hi. 
 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 He, hai, ha. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 . Ta-ko-kd. 
 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 Oi 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 . Nan. 
 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 . Handon. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Gydmi, .... 
 
 . Syo. 
 
 fc 
 
 ^ 
 
 .Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 t? 
 
 Gydrung, .... 
 
 Do-mos. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, . . 
 
 Tot-kwai. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 . In. 
 
 .8 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Ma, ma-li, meye. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 . Zyi. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . , 
 
 Mwai. 
 
 
 % 
 
 Thoclui, .... 
 
 Gnowd, giio. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Muid. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 . Bi. 
 
 1 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Htsouk-hi. 
 
 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 Gnor. 
 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Thai. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan (wriiten), 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Tsen, khd. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (spokai), . . 
 
 . Pn. 
 
 ft 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Khewo. 
 Tsau. 
 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 . In. 
 
 
 Laos, . . . . . 
 
 Tsai, men. 
 
 
 1 
 •s 
 
 Siinw^, .... 
 Gdrung, .... 
 Mdrmi, .... 
 Magar, .... 
 Thdksya 
 
 . Mai. 
 . Wot. 
 . Minnd, yd. 
 . Ho, le-au. 
 Hin. 
 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singl 
 Santdli, 
 Bhdmij, 
 TJrdon. 
 
 ibhum), . 
 
 Eya. 
 
 Hat}, ho. 
 
 Hung, ho, Jio-i, hong 
 
 Hong. 
 
 Hdh. 
 
 -mdr. 
 
 1 
 
 Pikhya, .... 
 Newir, .... 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 Hoho. 
 . Khau, da-ang. 
 . Ok. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali 
 Gondi, . 
 
 
 Hdh, ho. 
 ■ Onon, ho. 
 Hingi, inge. 
 
 
 
 Kirdnti, .... 
 
 Angd. 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 Ou, ai. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 
 Ang-gna. 
 
 S . 
 1 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 Ye, yet. 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 
 . Le, ho. 
 
 <§ 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 Hanan, o, a. 
 
 O 
 
 Mddia,. 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 . Ihlli. ' 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 
 . Time. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 A'mbo. 
 
 
 S. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 . Ye. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 Vtijje. 
 
 
 f 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 . Misi, bu. 
 
 
 Sdvara", 
 
 
 Jddite. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 Moko. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 
 Vom. 
 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 Ye. 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 Ambo. 
 
 
 £1 
 
 g 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 Ye. 
 
 
 _ Chentsu, 
 
 
 Schchhd, hoyyd. 
 
 
 t< 
 
 Bildli, . . 
 
 
 Hegiie. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc. 
 
 . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 Ye, inchhiing, ingnd. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Am. 
 
 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 
 Aumd. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, , . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 
 Go, ani md. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod, . , 
 
 Ate, livva. 
 
 
 
 ^ Dungmdli, 
 
 
 Ilan-an, go, imchang-bd. 
 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 Avunn. 
 
 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Te. 
 
 Khyi't. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mo, Uk. 
 
 Dik-sa, noin. 
 
 Ah, an. 
 
 A'ydbakiho. 
 
 Ndhibd. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . 
 
 Tuluva, 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva,) . . , . 
 Toda, I . . . . 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 Badaga, 
 
 Kurumba, , . . . 
 Iruja, 
 
 Handu. 
 
 And. 
 
 Akku. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ha. 
 
 Ha. 
 
 Ha. 
 
 Haudu. 
 
 A'ma. 
 
 
 Lepclu (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Ak, eiik. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . , , 
 
 Am, om. 
 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lh 
 
 opa, . . 
 
 Ti'ip, in. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, , 
 
 . . . 
 
 Oil 
 
 
CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC.] 
 
 HIER—GESTERN— YESTERDAY— VCHERA.-HERI, 
 
 103 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (San.skrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 I' 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, , 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 ■Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . , . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai. 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, , 
 Tcikpa, 
 Mtlnyak, . 
 Thochv'i, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {■written). 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 Siinwir, 
 Giirung, , 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, , 
 Pdkhya, , 
 New^r, . 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingt^ngya, 
 Ndchhereng. 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bihingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdUli, . . 
 Siing-ping, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Kli^ling, . 
 Dungm^li, 
 
 Dcirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrlmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Blidtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Hyah. 
 
 Ants, imbdrich, 
 
 Atzo. 
 
 Eikn. 
 
 Tcg}mp. 
 
 Dun, 
 
 J3og/iaz. 
 
 Gtishin. 
 
 Utsek-edui; 
 
 Sikse. 
 
 Wingi. 
 
 Kalamdri. 
 
 Tsoh-jlh. 
 
 Tso-jih. 
 
 Tsok-yat. 
 
 Dzo-nieh. 
 
 Chd-jit. ■ 
 
 Saku-dsitsu, sakusichti. 
 
 Daro. 
 
 Hou-the. 
 
 Pitsyi'ir. 
 
 Ddiig. 
 
 Vd/id. 
 
 Narr. 
 
 Nokhor. 
 
 Naga, dwesni. 
 
 Mddng. 
 
 Ddng. 
 
 Ddng. 
 
 Sindti. 
 
 Tela. 
 
 Tild. 
 
 Tisyengmi. 
 
 Kemichuri. 
 
 Hijo. 
 
 Mhigo. 
 
 MeUma. 
 
 Akhomdng. 
 A'se. 
 
 A'khoindng. 
 A'sinda. 
 A'spa. 
 
 A'se, akomang. 
 A'chhen. 
 Saiso. 
 Ispa. 
 Bdsta. 
 Sanam'H. 
 A'-sei, dsen, a-sye. 
 A'sen. 
 
 Ye-md. \ , 
 
 A'-thcpd. '. 
 
 A'meski. 
 Amiske. 
 A'se. 
 
 KdHt. 
 Kd-h't. 
 Mi-zye. 
 Yon. 
 Mi-lya. 
 Ti-jong. 
 Kal-hai. 
 Bindgd. 
 Bydhan, 
 
 Tasso, 
 Khdchd, 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 >■ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ft5 
 
 
 I 
 
 'Bodo 
 
 Dhimiil, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 Garo, .... 
 Kilcliiiri, ■ . . , 
 
 ■ Munipui'i, . . 
 
 Mftlidn Nitgd, . 
 
 Tnl)lung Nilgd., . 
 
 Ivlidri Nifgil, . . 
 
 Angdmi N.igil, . 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd,, 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman (wriitai), 
 
 Barman (spoken), . 
 
 Khyeng v, Shou, 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . 
 .Sik, .... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungli-thu, . . 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, . . . .' 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), , . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, .... 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 Naikude, . . . 
 Kolami, . . . 
 M^di, .... 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . , 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malayd-jma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Teliigu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, j . . 
 Kdta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . , 
 Ku'rumba, . . 
 Iruk, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 _ Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 Mia. 
 
 Anji. 
 
 Kal-gata-kalya (?). 
 
 Mi-vai. 
 
 Mia-sanche. 
 
 Hai-yeiig. 
 
 Manyi. 
 
 Miviyi. 
 
 JIashi. 
 
 Koshe. 
 
 Maja. 
 
 Yashi. 
 
 Osi. 
 
 Milo. 
 
 Mclobo. 
 
 Dupuroni. 
 
 Mani. 
 
 Yamanne. 
 
 Yamannc, ma-na-ga. 
 
 Yam-ti'i. 
 
 Ya-diim. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Let-ka-na. 
 
 MWmh. 
 
 Lcr-Mu-gali. 
 
 Md-ha. 
 
 Ma-wa. 
 
 Hom-qua. 
 
 Ma-wa-ni, wa, wan. 
 
 Poi. 
 
 Mangd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hold. 
 
 Hald. 
 
 Hald, haldng. 
 
 Hald. 
 
 Chela. 
 
 Hald {kola ?). 
 
 Chewr. 
 
 Nadi, nara, khai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ninnd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ama7ini. 
 
 Minde. 
 
 Nestc yenndyi. 
 
 Kdyil, porusii. 
 
 Nerunal. 
 
 Mm. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Innale. 
 
 Ninna. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ninne. 
 
 Kode. 
 
 Nenne, ninndndu. 
 
 Enmr. 
 
 Enner. 
 
 Ner, 
 
 Ninne. 
 
 Ninne. 
 
 Netu. 
 
 Nettu. 
 
 I'y'e. 
 
I04 
 
 AIR— LUFT— AIR— VOZDUKH— AER. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . , 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 ^[ANTSHU, . . 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 \ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Takpa, 
 Manyak, . 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan [writlen), 
 _ Tibetan [sfohm], 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sunwdr, . . 
 
 Gurung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, 
 ■I Magar, 
 
 Thilksya, . 
 
 Pakhya, . 
 
 Newir, . . 
 
 _ Limbu, . . 
 
 KirJinti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Ciihingt;lngya, 
 Ndciihereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, , . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdWIi, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Diimi, . . . 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 • Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v, Lhopa, 
 
 AntariksJia, vyoman, iidyii, 
 Hawd. U'l'i'W"'?) dkdsa. 
 
 Aire. 
 
 lima. 
 
 Leg. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Shney. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ki, ke'i. 
 
 SiikdiDi, apka. 
 
 Aiigvi. 
 
 An gin. 
 
 Angiii. 
 
 K'i. 
 
 Ch'i. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Ti-chi (earth-air). 
 
 Id. 
 
 Kuki, kaza. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 SpJn'tn. 
 
 Tali. 
 
 RJwt. 
 
 Merdah. 
 
 Mozyi'i. 
 
 Sdlki. 
 
 Puryi'i. 
 
 'Rsujigma, rhingma. 
 
 SJidkpd, Ihakpd. 
 
 Lungho. 
 
 Phase. 
 
 Ndiig mro. 
 
 LJidbd. 
 
 Nainsi'i. 
 
 Naininar. 
 
 Baydlo. 
 
 Thai. 
 
 Sammit. 
 
 Hak. 
 
 Hyu. 
 
 Hik, hak. 
 
 J Hill ma. 
 
 J 1 1, i. 
 
 Jliiii Ilia, hak. 
 
 Hig' wa-phdk, hiKgim. 
 
 Fhi'irim. 
 
 Plik-pa. 
 
 III. 
 
 >• 
 
 Hiwd-bd, higwd-phak. 
 
 TIi?H-7iid. 
 
 Huwdpa, huwd-ma. 
 
 Hinimd, hett. 
 
 Hiih^-u, hii-n. 
 
 Jhi'ing 
 
 I'leuk, himma. 
 
 Batds. 
 
 Bdtds. 
 
 FhiUA. 
 
 Md-ri'i. 
 
 A-si. 
 
 Hiijum, liojum. 
 
 Batds. 
 
 Kdi. 
 
 Baydr. 
 
 Sagmat. 
 Lung. 
 
 f 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mi'thdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndrasdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 ' Burman [written], 
 Burman [spolien], . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, . 
 Sak, . . . . 
 
 Talain v. Hon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhumij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 Kol ami, . 
 
 Mddi 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamij, mod., . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuliiva, . 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 ava,) 
 1. ) 
 
 Toduva, 
 Toda, 
 Kdta, 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Bdr, nokhorong. 
 Birima, bhirina. 
 Batds. 
 Lampdr. 
 Bar. 
 
 Nungsit. 
 Rangben. 
 Wa?ig-yak. 
 Ailing. 
 Tikhe. 
 Pong. 
 Mabung. 
 Mapung. 
 Asar. 
 Esdr. 
 Beni. 
 M'bung. 
 
 Le. 
 
 Le, Id. 
 
 Kec. 
 
 Ga-li. 
 
 A-li. 
 
 Ra-li. 
 
 Mwi-ya-he. 
 
 Kya. 
 
 Kdli, kli. 
 
 Li. 
 
 Ta-li. 
 
 Loniiia. 
 
 lad. 
 
 Lou, lorn. 
 
 Lorn. 
 
 Lorn. 
 
 Lom. 
 
 Hoyo. 
 ILoiyo. 
 Hoye, chat 
 Hoyo. 
 Thdkd. 
 Hoyoh. 
 Take, tdphe. 
 Bdribd itd, ivadi. 
 Wadi. 
 Wadi-tvadi. 
 Gdli. 
 Gdli. 
 
 Wadi wadigii. 
 Wadi. 
 Koyo. 
 Gdli. 
 Billii. 
 Ringe. 
 Gamvdyi. 
 Gdli. 
 Batds. 
 
 Kdl. 
 
 Reditu, wdyu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ICdffa. 
 
 Gdli. 
 
 Elaru. 
 
 Ghdli. 
 
 Ghdli. 
 
 Bdna, kdttii. 
 
 Ivott. 
 
 ICdtii. 
 
 Gdle. 
 
 Glai. 
 
 Gdli. 
 
 Kdtu. 
 
 Akayam. 
 
 Bhuvana. 
 
 (sky), ha'eddt 
 [(wind). 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 FOURMI—AMEISE— ANT— MURAVEI— FORMICA. 
 
 105 
 
 & 
 
 Types. 
 
 ^ (Sanskrit, 
 ■^ (Arabic, . 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ft) 
 
 t 
 I 
 
 r 
 
 8 
 
 .2 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Coiloquia,!, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyimi, 
 Gydriing, . 
 Titlcpn,, . 
 Milnyak, . 
 Thochd, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Gilrung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newd.r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 N^chhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chouriisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Dcirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 
 
 Pip'ilikd, vamri. 
 Naml. 
 
 Chingttrri, chindurri, inurri. 
 
 Muurainen. 
 
 Hangya. 
 
 Karinja. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sirgoltchin. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Semut. 
 
 Semut. 
 
 Samiit. 
 
 r. 
 r. 
 
 Ngai. 
 Mo-ni. 
 Kaii-hid. - 
 Art. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mai-tMn. 
 
 Ko-rok. 
 
 Rlwk-po. 
 
 JJa-rah. 
 
 Tii-khrd. 
 
 Khoro-khwe. 
 
 Qkhro. 
 
 Grogma. 
 
 Thomd. 
 
 RMnmd. 
 
 Ragmachi. 
 
 Chiji. 
 
 Syouri. 
 
 Mhdr. 
 
 Nato. 
 
 Krimula. 
 
 Imo. 
 
 Sikchemba. 
 
 Sdchakdva. 
 
 Chikarepa. 
 
 Sddiakdwa, chikyang. 
 
 Pongkharok. 
 
 ChhdnipalyA. 
 
 Chhikydng. 
 
 Khelek, khelem. 
 
 Po urung'ma, pworunim. 
 
 Ktidlem. 
 
 Khdlim. 
 
 Gdga chimmo, gdgdchhtgmo. 
 
 Pong-khorok, yangkhrepd. 
 
 Pong khoroky ya-khrepd. 
 
 Yd khlepa. . y 
 
 Chhdmphah't, chainpa-leu. 
 
 Chikd-repii. 
 
 Grdkmo. 
 
 Chig-ydng. 
 
 Cheunta, t-seu-n-ta. 
 
 Cheu-ti, t-seu-ti. 
 
 Mig-za. 
 
 TtU-ti. 
 
 A-nap. 
 
 Chiki-bulla. 
 
 Kimili. 
 
 Pyai-ki. 
 
 Dokd. 
 
 TakphyAl. 
 Kyomd. 
 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 to 
 
 •« 
 ^ 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhim£ll, . 
 •! Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mftlidn N£tgd, 
 Tablung N^gd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsing Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Nigd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ■ Burman (written), 
 Bunnan (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgaii-karen, . 
 Pwo-karcii, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Sliin, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khimti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum^ 
 Santdli, 
 Bhdmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Midi, . . 
 Midia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Klioijd, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tami], anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, .inc., 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iru}a, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Hdsd-brai, mocha-rdm. 
 Nhd-mu'i. 
 Nuti-pipara. 
 Gongd, sdmbi'tr. 
 Caret. 
 
 Kttkcheng. 
 
 Tiksd. 
 
 Tikhd. 
 
 Hung-zah. 
 
 Hache. 
 
 Tsip-cliak. 
 
 Mochd. 
 
 Matlidn. 
 
 Mirang. 
 
 Merdng. . . 
 
 Chi-mechi. 
 
 Gagin. 
 
 Parwak-chhit. 
 
 Payiiei-seik, parwet. 
 
 Lhing-sd-mi. 
 
 Ba-lin. 
 
 Pa-lin. 
 
 Loung-tsa-ring-jd. 
 
 Phun-si-gyd. 
 
 Khamol. 
 
 Tcr, ia-[:(ln-sau. 
 
 Tung. 
 
 B'tiing. 
 
 Mot. 
 
 Klin. 
 
 Mot. 
 
 Nyuchu. 
 
 Mot. 
 
 Mot, puak. 
 
 N'tdir. 
 
 Mui. 
 
 Muih, muni, upi (white and 
 
 Mue. [winged). 
 
 Poh. 
 
 Munj. 
 
 Pok. 
 
 J!2//tf (black) ; K/i?/z (white). 
 
 Pate (bl.) ; alu (wh.). 
 
 Diwar (wh.). 
 
 Simdl (bl.) ; sedal (wh.). 
 
 Shiinel (bl.) ; sedal (wh). 
 
 ChuttH^\.)]yelam,nttsu{\v.). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chdti (bl.) ; ninder (wh.). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bobo. 
 
 Gnsdld. 
 
 Chima. 
 
 Peppidi. 
 
 Uravi. 
 
 Erumbu{b\.); karaiydn{\v.). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Irumba. 
 
 Chima (bl.) ; chedullu (wh.). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Irivi. 
 
 Pijin. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Erbb. 
 
 Erb. 
 
 Irbc. 
 
 Irtipu. 
 
 Iriipu. 
 
 Irumbu. 
 
 Erumbu. 
 
 Kumbiyd. 
 
io6 
 
 FLECHE-PFEIL— ARROW— STRYELA—SAGITTA. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 |5 
 
 K 
 ^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 ■^ 1 Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gyctrung, , . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochil, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 Tibetan {written) 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 
 Gurung, . . 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchcnbung, 
 ChliingUlngya, 
 N;khhi;vcng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong. 
 Bdldli, . . 
 SAng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, _ . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . , 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 t 
 
 .^ 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 
 Sdyaka, bdm, sara, ishu. 
 SahiH. 
 
 isto, 
 
 Guezi, 
 
 Nuoli. 
 
 Nyil. 
 
 Ok. 
 
 Bzey. 
 
 Isari. 
 
 Somoii. 
 
 Niru. 
 
 Fannah. 
 
 Jemparing. 
 
 A' ?iak-pd?iak. 
 
 Tsien. 
 
 Chien. 
 
 Ts'in. 
 
 lYien. 
 
 Chin. 
 
 Ya.' 
 
 Sum. 
 
 Chen. 
 
 Ki-pi. 
 
 Mid. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Jdh. 
 
 Selime. 
 
 'Ldd. 
 
 yidha, mddh. 
 
 Da. 
 
 Dd. 
 
 Bid. 
 
 Myd. 
 
 Myd. 
 
 Myd. 
 
 Tiniic. 
 
 Kddha. 
 
 Bdld. 
 
 Tong. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Bhe. 
 
 JShye, I'hf, tibhc. 
 
 J'hesi'tk, phesw-k. 
 
 Jk-i. 
 
 Be, bhe. 
 
 Plsili, plshik\ 
 
 Bio. 
 
 Bei, be-i. 
 
 Neple. 
 
 Bid. 
 
 Fhe, thuk-ld, nobe. 
 
 TJmk-la, phet, pheh'. 
 
 Thuk-ld. 
 
 Sebi. 
 
 Nuini'i-u, no-mo-wo. 
 
 Seltno. 
 
 Be. 
 
 Kdtir. 
 
 Kdtir. 
 
 Bd-rd. 
 
 Ld. 
 
 Bd-rd. 
 
 ^dr, bio. 
 
 Sdr. 
 
 Miiyu. 
 
 Khdiidha. 
 
 Chong. 
 Dd. 
 
 sayeta, lutzi 
 \tragaz. 
 
 h 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■a 
 
 
 ft 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndga, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, , 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, , 
 Abor Miri, , . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, , 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {toritten), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kumi, .... 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 Kol (Singlibhum), 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhdmij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Kokiml, 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsii, 
 
 
 Tamil, anc, . . 
 Tami], mod., , . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 Tiduva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Tod a, j 
 Kota, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, , 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Bald. 
 K/ter, tir. 
 Ttr. 
 Fhe-e. 
 Bola-kdrai. 
 
 Tel. 
 
 Sdn. 
 
 Ld-han. 
 
 Takaba. 
 
 Thiwu. 
 
 Latchan. 
 
 Lasang. 
 
 Lasan. 
 
 Epuk. 
 
 Epug 
 
 A'td. 
 
 Feld. 
 
 M.ra. 
 
 M.yd, h/nya. 
 
 Thwd. 
 
 Li. 
 
 Li-td-i. 
 
 Sa, qwd-i. 
 
 To-li-mald. 
 
 Lau. 
 
 Plah, khli. 
 
 Flah. 
 
 Fla. 
 
 Fen. 
 
 Ten. 
 
 Tsdn, luk-son. 
 
 Bern. 
 
 Lint. 
 
 Lem-piir. 
 
 Sar. 
 
 Sdrh. 
 
 Sdr, jhampd. 
 
 Sdrh. 
 
 Chdr. 
 
 Sddr. 
 
 Chdr. 
 
 Tir, jiyah'tr. 
 
 Tir. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tir. 
 
 Miirre. 
 
 Kddi, kdni. 
 
 Kddi. 
 
 Tir. 
 
 Tirkamtd. 
 
 Finju. 
 
 Am. 
 
 Sonai. 
 
 Yikke. 
 
 Kondti, kdnd. 
 
 Kanei. 
 
 Ambit. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Aviba. 
 
 Bdnamu, ambti. 
 
 Saralu. 
 
 Ambit. 
 
 Bint. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Abu, 
 
 Ambe. 
 
 Aiiibu. 
 
 Ambu. 
 
 Ambit. 
 
 Ambu, kanri, 
 
 Sara, igaha. 
 
 at-thiram, 
 [pasam. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 OISEAU— VOGEL—BIRD— PTITSA— AVIS. 
 
 107 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, 
 ■^ (Arabic, , 
 
 s 
 
 r 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 1^ 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Td.kpa, 
 Mdnyalc, . 
 Thochil, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan -{spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling,, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BAliH, . . 
 Sdng-ping, 
 Dilmi, . . 
 Khdling,' . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 D£rhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 V^yu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Th^ru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkiin), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 ■ Vi (vedic), vayas^ pakshin. 
 TdyiK 
 
 Chori, egazti, pizti. 
 
 Lintu. 
 
 Madar. 
 
 Kush. 
 
 Bzu. 
 
 Tsilo, prinweli. . 
 
 Sihghon. 
 
 Gaskha. 
 
 Manut. 
 
 Petsi. 
 
 Btirung. 
 
 Nidou. 
 
 Nidou. 
 
 Niu. 
 
 Tiau-niau. 
 
 Chidu. 
 
 Tori. 
 
 Chuk, . 
 
 SpJiM-chher. 
 
 Pye-pye. 
 
 Pyd. 
 
 Hd. 
 
 Marivo. 
 
 Thd-kol. 
 
 Gyo. 
 
 Byu. 
 
 Chyd. 
 
 /hd. 
 
 Chivd, chi-vd. 
 Nemyd. 
 Ndmyd. 
 Gwdjd. 
 Nom'ya. 
 Chd4a\ 
 
 Jhango, jhd-ngo. 
 Bii. 
 
 Chongwd. 
 
 Wdsa. 
 
 Chhongwa. 
 
 Wdsa. 
 
 Chho wa. 
 
 Chhong wd. 
 
 NAa, nuawachi. 
 
 Chak bwa. 
 
 Chhowa. 
 
 Chakpu. 
 
 Chik-ba. 
 
 Song-wd. 
 
 Noma. 
 
 Chhong-wa. ,, 
 
 Chhon-wd, ' 
 
 Sal-pu. 
 
 Sal-po. 
 
 Chhong-wd. 
 
 Chdrl. 
 Chdrd'i. 
 
 Bu-khincha, bu-khin-cha. 
 Wd, mo-d, mo-wd. 
 Jyd-ling. 
 Chin-chl. 
 Chdri. 
 Kotati. 
 Chirai. 
 
 Pho. 
 Bhyd. 
 
 
 ■a 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 k 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 to 
 
 
 ■ Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn N^g4 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndrab'dng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou- 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, ... 
 
 Talain v. Men 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gonqli, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . , . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, ^"<='> • 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Tod a, j . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Dou-chen. 
 Jihd. 
 Pokhi: 
 Tou-chap. 
 Dao tao sen. 
 
 U'chek. 
 
 0. 
 
 Otc-hd. 
 
 Ozah. 
 
 Pard. 
 
 Vo. 
 
 Uzz. 
 
 Vso. 
 
 Pettang. 
 
 Pdtdng. 
 
 Dud. 
 
 Wu. 
 
 Nghak. 
 
 Nglict, hnget. 
 
 Halt. 
 
 Ka-vd, ta-vd. 
 
 Ta-wt'i. 
 
 Ta-wd. 
 
 Wd-sL 
 
 Kha-ten. 
 
 To, hto, hthu. 
 
 Til, /i/o/i. 
 
 A-wa. 
 
 H'not. 
 
 Shim. 
 
 H'not, nok. 
 
 Niiktu. 
 
 Nok. 
 
 Nok. 
 
 O'e. 
 
 Oe. 
 
 Chene. 
 
 Chcne {chene 1). 
 
 Orak. 
 
 Ure. 
 
 Puj. 
 
 Itte, pitte. 
 
 Pitte, 
 
 Pithe. 
 
 Pittd. 
 
 Sidemugi. 
 
 Pittd, paritta. 
 
 Pidhe. 
 
 Tilit. 
 
 Piskd, kunju. 
 
 Propd-manneru. 
 
 Onti. 
 
 Piti. 
 
 Kokku, sogide, kunju. 
 
 Chodai. 
 
 Pul. 
 
 Paravei, kuruvi. 
 
 Paxva. 
 
 Pakshi, parava. 
 
 Pitta. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hakki. 
 
 Pakki. 
 
 Pakki. 
 
 Pull. 
 
 Bilti. 
 
 Peke {pakki 1). 
 
 Hakibu. 
 
 Hakibu. 
 
 Pdkhi. 
 
 Kuruvi, pullu. 
 
 Kurulld. 
 
io8 
 
 SANG— BLUT— BLOOD— KROV-SANGUIS. 
 
 [chap. IV, — NOUNS. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 
 h 
 
 K 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Asrij, rudhira, lohita, 
 Dumm. \sonita. 
 
 
 'Bask, Odol. 
 
 Finnic, Weri. 
 
 Magyar, Ver. 
 
 Turkish, Kan. 
 
 Circassian, .... Kkh. 
 
 Georgian, .... Siskhli. 
 
 Mongolian, .... Tcluson. 
 
 Mantshu, .... Scn^i. 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . . Getih. 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . , Erah. 
 
 Malay, Ddrah. 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . . Hindi. 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . . Hsieh. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . . Hiit. 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, . Hiiih. 
 
 Amov, Colloquial, . . Huih. 
 
 Japanese, .... Chi, tshi. 
 
 Brahuf, Ditar. 
 
 ' Gydnai, ii^if. 
 
 Gydrung, Td-shi. 
 
 Takpa, Khrd. 
 
 Mdnyak, Shah. 
 
 Thochii, Sdh. 
 
 Sokpa, Khoro-give. 
 
 Horpa, Sye, seh. 
 
 Tibetan {writkn), . . Khrdng, hhrag. 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Thak. 
 
 'Serpa, Tlidk. 
 
 Siinwdr, U'si. 
 
 Gilrung, Koh. 
 
 Miinni, Kd. 
 
 Magar, Hyu. 
 
 Thdksya, Kd. 
 
 Pdkhya, Ragat. 
 
 Newdr, Hi. 
 
 Limbu, Makhi. 
 
 Kirdnti Han. 
 
 Rodong Hi, hda. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Hd, hcii. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Hd-li. 
 
 Ndchhereng Hi. 
 
 Wdling, Hi, hd. 
 
 Ydkha, He-Vla, he-Pwa. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Usu. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Hi. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Sisi. 
 
 Bdhingya, .... HAsi. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Hdri. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Hdli. 
 
 Bdldli, Hellu-wa, helwa. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Hi. 
 
 Diimi, Hi. 
 
 Khdling, Hi. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Hi. 
 
 ' Ddrhi, Rdgdt. 
 
 Denwdr, Rdktdi. 
 
 Pahri, Hi. 
 
 Chepdng, Wc-i, wi. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Chi-wi. 
 
 Vdyu, Vi. 
 
 Kuswar, Rakti. 
 
 Kusunda, Uyii. 
 
 Thdru, Lohu. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), . . Vi. 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . . Thyak. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 k 
 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 
 a 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhipadl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, ... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, 
 Bhdmij, , 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, 
 Naikiule, . 
 Kolanii, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, , 
 Yerukala, , 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 ). 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod,, 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 Tujuva, 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva,) 
 
 \ 
 
 Tod a, 
 
 K(5ta, . 
 
 Badaga, 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruja, . 
 
 Malabar, 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Thai. 
 
 Hiki, hitti. 
 Lohu. 
 Chi. 
 Thai. 
 
 r. 
 
 A'ji. 
 Ih. 
 Ai. 
 Unhi, 
 He. 
 Azii. 
 A'i. 
 
 Yilpi-ui. 
 lye. 
 Chui. 
 Sai. 
 
 S7ae. 
 
 Thwe. 
 
 Ka-thi. 
 
 A-thi. 
 
 A-thi. 
 
 Wi. 
 
 The. 
 
 H'tsein. 
 
 Athu'i, thwi. 
 
 Thwi. 
 
 Thway. 
 
 Lit. 
 
 Mdu. 
 
 Lit {le-et 1), leuat. 
 
 Let. 
 
 Lilt. 
 
 Lent. 
 
 Myi'im. 
 
 Myim. 
 
 Mdydm (jidchate^ to bleed). 
 
 Myun. 
 
 Khens. 
 
 Myun. 
 
 LCesu. 
 
 Nattiir, natur. 
 
 Natur. 
 
 Natur. 
 
 Nditr, 
 
 Natur. 
 
 Nelur. 
 
 Kanhdutue, 
 
 Pachna. 
 
 Natho. 
 
 Rakko, 
 
 tiyamo. 
 Yignam, 
 
 Regain, vudarain. 
 Lahu. 
 
 Sennir. 
 
 Udiram, irattam. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chora. 
 
 Netturu. 
 
 ICe/inirtt. 
 
 Nettufu. 
 
 Nettar. 
 
 Chore. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bdch. 
 
 Netra. 
 
 Netru. 
 
 Netaru. 
 
 Lalta. 
 
 Irat-iham, kuruthi. 
 
 Lb. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 BATEAU— BOOT-BOAT— LODKA—NAVIS. 
 
 109 
 
 e 
 I, 
 
 r 
 
 I 
 
 •^ 
 
 j^ 
 
 a? 
 
 Types. 
 
 •| (Sanskijiit, 
 <!, (Arabic, . . 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantshu, . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, ... 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 ^ Chinese, Canton, 
 I ' Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, \ 
 
 JAPA.NESE, 
 
 Brahuf, ' . 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 Thoclnl, . 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Siinwir, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thiksya, 
 
 P£khya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 B^Mli, . . 
 
 Sing-ping, 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 Khiling, . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtini V. Lhopa, 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 Udnpa, plava, nan, Ma, 
 Merkab. \bhcla. 
 
 Barka, harko, bote. 
 Wenhet. 
 Csajka, ladik. 
 Sandal, ka'ik. 
 Caret. 
 Navi. 
 
 Onghokha, onto. 
 Yakhoda, weikku. 
 Prdu. 
 Bahita. 
 Sampan, prdu, 
 
 Sidou ck'uen. 
 Hsidou cfiuen. 
 Shun-tsai. 
 Siau-zen. 
 CMn, 
 Fune, kobune. 
 
 Bedl 
 
 Si-thii, 
 
 Brii. 
 
 Gn'i. 
 
 Gii. 
 
 PJiyd. 
 
 Sdltcrsi'i. 
 
 Grd. 
 
 Gru. 
 
 Kod, syen. 
 
 TM. 
 
 Diingd. 
 
 Plava. 
 
 Diingd. 
 
 Ditngd. 
 
 I'saba. 
 
 Dt'iga. 
 
 Donga. 
 
 Khombe. 
 
 Ndva. 
 
 Ndwa. 
 
 Ndwa. 
 
 Dong'ga. 
 
 Dung'ga. 
 
 DUng'ga. 
 
 D-&n^ga. 
 
 Ghdg 
 
 Bo-kho. 
 
 Diing'ga. 
 
 Ddnga. 
 
 £)iingga. 
 
 Diinggd. 
 
 D^nggd. 
 
 Bakhon. 
 
 BdkhopHi. 
 
 Pokham, 
 
 Dtinga. 
 
 Diingo, dun-go. 
 
 Dilnga, dun-ga. 
 
 Don-ga. 
 
 £>itn-ga. 
 
 D-dn-gd. 
 
 Dun-ga. 
 
 Dun-ga. 
 
 Wai, wou. 
 
 Ndu. 
 
 Navar. 
 Drii, tii. 
 
 J 
 
 a 
 
 
 to 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 h 
 
 ^ \ 
 
 'Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimil, . . 
 
 Kocch, . , 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthilii Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {imitten), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, ... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pvvo-karen, . 
 Touiigh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Goncji, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . , 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, .' . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karijdtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I 
 K(5ta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 _ Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Nau,jhdk, sorongo. 
 
 Ndwdr. 
 
 Nau, ghornau, soronga. 
 
 Rung. 
 
 Nao. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Khoa, 
 
 Iseng. 
 
 Arong. 
 
 Ru. 
 
 Khuon-kho. 
 
 Su-rung. 
 
 Lung. 
 
 El-long. 
 
 Ol-hingd. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Li. 
 
 Lhe. 
 Lite, hid. 
 
 MUoung. 
 P'loung. 
 Loung. 
 Hau. 
 
 H'lo. 
 
 Kit, hkali. 
 
 Kit. 
 
 P/iray. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Ghe. 
 
 Ro, reua. 
 
 Rt(. 
 
 Hu. 
 
 Heu. 
 
 Dhanga, dunga. 
 Diingd. 
 Dhattgd. 
 biingd. 
 Dongd. 
 Dongd. 
 Ndve. 
 Dongo. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Tekkinga. 
 Vodd. 
 Dona. 
 Padava. 
 Id 
 
 Pakada. 
 Odam, padagu. 
 Caret. 
 
 Vanji, vallam. 
 Padava. 
 Pdrit. 
 Tldni. 
 04a. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 T/ioni, odam, morak-kalam. 
 Orua. 
 
I lO 
 
 OS— BEIN— BONE— KOST— OS. 
 
 [chap. IV. — NOUNS, 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 ^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 h 
 
 <; 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 g 
 
 1 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 Gydroi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 T^kpa, 
 Manyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thaksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Lirabu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rilngchcnbung, 
 Clihingtilngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chour^sya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 B^Mli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 _ Thiru, 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Asthi, k'lkasa, kitlya. 
 Aazni. 
 
 Eziir, azur. 
 
 Luu. 
 
 Ksontok. 
 
 Kemik. 
 
 Fsha, kutsha. 
 
 Dswali. 
 
 Yaso)i. 
 
 Gize?iggi. 
 
 Balung. 
 
 Balling. 
 
 Tulang. 
 
 Kuh. 
 
 Ku. 
 
 Kwat. 
 
 Kweh-dcn. 
 
 Kut. 
 
 Hone. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ki'itho. 
 
 Sydrhi'i. 
 
 Rospd. 
 
 Ruklii'i. 
 
 Ripat. 
 
 Yd so. 
 
 Rcrd. 
 
 Rttspa. 
 
 Riiko. 
 
 Ruhd. 
 
 Rushe. 
 
 Nugri. 
 
 Ndkhu. 
 
 Misyd ros. 
 
 Nati. 
 
 Hdd. 
 
 Kwe. 
 
 Sayet. 
 
 Saiba. 
 
 Sar'wa, sdrfmn. 
 
 Sdyiilxi, y/hod. 
 
 Sdri'ik-wa. 
 
 Titprii, iupni. 
 
 Sar'wa, saiwa. 
 
 Scng-khok'tva, seng-kho^we. 
 
 Rush. 
 
 Tapri, tapri. 
 
 Sasar. 
 
 Rise, ri-sye. 
 
 Sydkowa. 
 
 Rtik-wa. 
 
 Sdtupn'i. 
 
 Tum-bu-rup, sd-tumlniri'i. 
 
 Sali'i, solo. 
 
 Solo. 
 
 Si'ir-wd, sd-rii-wd. 
 
 Had. 
 Hdd. 
 Ku-sd. 
 Rhus. 
 
 Wot. 
 Ru. 
 Hadh. 
 
 Gou. 
 Hd4. 
 
 Arhet. 
 Rutok. 
 
 C3 
 
 •Bodo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Begeng 
 
 61 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 Hara, hdr {hdd ?) 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Harwd {liadwd f) 
 
 fcq 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kereng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Stirni. 
 
 i*^* 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 . Rha. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Wan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Uru. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, , 
 
 
 A'rdh. 
 
 r 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tcrap. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Telet. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 A'lofig. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 A'long. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Pichong. 
 
 
 Singpho, . , . 
 
 
 Nrdng. 
 
 •si 
 
 s 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 Aro. 
 
 £ 
 
 Burman \spoken), , 
 
 
 Ayo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Ka-yok. 
 
 h' 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Ahu. 
 
 § 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Ahu. 
 
 1 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Ahot. 
 
 1; 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Amza. 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, . 
 
 
 H'tsot. 
 
 IS 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 Khi, akhhui. 
 
 h 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Khwi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 H'tsot. 
 
 cS 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . , 
 
 
 Sot. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Xtt'o'ng. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 Katot, kaduk. 
 
 
 Ahom, . , 
 
 
 Tan. 
 
 «0 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Nuk. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 JDuk. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Jang 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Jdng 
 
 
 Santdli, , . . 
 
 
 Jang 
 
 
 Bhdmij, 
 
 
 
 Jdng 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Khochal. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 
 Jdng 
 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 
 Kochal. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 
 Hada, padeka. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Padckd. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 Hada, padckd. 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Bokkdl. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Bokka. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . 
 Keikddi, 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, 
 Yerukala, 
 ^ Chentsu, 
 
 " Tamil, anc 
 
 
 
 Bokairo, padekd. 
 Atkd. 
 Hadi. 
 Zamkd. 
 Pdsii. 
 Ajdgna. 
 Vondrdm-goyi. 
 Yamaha. 
 Had. 
 
 Enpu. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 
 Elumbu. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod, 
 
 
 Ella. 
 
 
 Telugu, ■ , . . 
 
 
 Emiika, bokka. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Eliime. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 
 
 Eliivtt. 
 
 ■N 
 
 Tiduva, . . . 
 
 
 Elu. 
 
 i 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, \ 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Elf. 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Yclave. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Yellu, illu. 
 
 
 Kufumba, 
 
 
 
 Zellu. 
 
 
 Irula, . , 
 
 
 
 Zellambu, 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Elumbu, at-thi. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 A(e. 
 
CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 
 
 BUFFLE—BUFFEL— BUFFALO— BUIVOL— BOS. 
 
 HI 
 
 Types. 
 (Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 
 K 
 
 1 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 <S, (Arabic, 
 
 ' Bask, . 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 T£kpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thoclui, 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {■written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ■ Serpa, . 
 Sdnwdr, 
 Gdrung, 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 'Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 B^hingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-ping, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 V^yu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mahisha, kdsara, sairibha, 
 Jdinous. [luldya. 
 
 Idi, zezen. 
 
 Metsaharka. 
 
 Bival. 
 
 Manda. 
 
 Cai-et. 
 
 Kanhichi. 
 
 Khdinokh. 
 
 Ikhan. 
 
 Kebo. 
 
 Mahesa. 
 
 Karban. 
 
 Shwui-nii'i. 
 
 Shui-niti. 
 
 S/mi-ngau. 
 
 S'-nieu. 
 
 Siii-gu (water-cow). ■ ■- , ' ■ 
 
 Sat, sui-gid. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Swi-nyA. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dingmi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mdhi. 
 
 Mdhe. 
 
 Meshi. 
 
 Mesye. 
 
 Mdl • ' ■■ ' ' 
 
 Mahi. 
 
 Bhainsa. 
 
 Mai. 
 
 Bhainsa. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Sdwet. 
 
 Sdnwd. 
 
 Bdkira, maisi. 
 
 Sdngwa. 
 
 Sdngwa. 
 
 Meisd, meis. 
 
 Sdng wa. 
 
 Sdn wa. 
 
 Be-i-so, 
 
 Mesi. 
 
 Mesi. 
 
 Mese. 
 
 Sdn-wa. ., ,i... 
 
 Sdng-wa. ,r,-;,,';,. ,• 
 
 Sdng-wa\ ,,, I;. -, 
 
 Mesi. ! 7,' '^Ife," ;■■■■■ 
 
 M'es. - -r I':' i'' ■ 
 
 Mes. i" I 
 
 Sang-wd. 
 
 Bhainsa. 
 
 Bhainsi. 
 
 Me-sd. 
 
 Mi-syd, mi-sha. 
 
 Bhai-sa. 
 
 Mechho. 
 
 Bhainsa. 
 
 Mahi. 
 
 Bhaisa. 
 
 Mahi. 
 Mahi. 
 
 \ 
 
 t»5 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 c! 
 
 "3 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimil, . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 _ Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthin Nc^gd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {luritten), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kumi, . . . 
 Mril v. Toung, 
 
 [Sdk, . . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhtimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malaydjma, iinc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tu}uva, . 
 Kurgi, . ; 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . . 
 Baraga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruk, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Mai-sho. 
 
 Did. 
 
 Bhainsa, rdngd, sdral, dhenn. 
 
 Maishi. 
 
 Maisho. 
 
 Iroi. 
 
 Loi. 
 
 Teh. 
 
 Apanc;. 
 
 Rali. 
 
 Le. 
 
 Chang. 
 
 Tyang {iyang ?). 
 
 Menjek. 
 
 Mcnjeg. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 Kivye. 
 
 Kyue, ki'nvai. 
 
 Natl. 
 
 Ma-na. 
 
 JPan-jw. 
 
 Ml. ■■:.:. 
 
 Kro. 
 
 Paren. 
 
 Pnah, pand, pennd. 
 
 Fnah, pdnd. 
 
 Paynay. 
 
 Kwihn. 
 
 Irdu. 
 
 Khiva, khwdi. 
 
 Khrai. 
 
 Khwai. 
 
 Khwdi. 
 
 Karra {Jidda 1). 
 
 Kedd. 
 
 Kddd, bdydr, bit-kil, sdil 
 
 Keda. [(wild). 
 
 Mdnkhd. 
 
 Bhitkil. 
 
 Mange. 
 
 Hdliyd, boda (m. ) ; yedmi (f. ) . 
 
 Boda (m.); zedmi (f.). 
 
 Bodal (m.); ddami {{.). 
 
 Helyd (m.); chir (f.). 
 
 Sir (f.). 
 
 Zeligdl (m.) ; zermi (f.). 
 
 Adami. 
 
 Butkil. 
 
 Hate (m.); Baremddn (f.). 
 
 Kodii. 
 
 Bogndtel. 
 
 Vontsani. 
 
 Barre. 
 
 Mohis. 
 
 Kdddn. 
 Erumei. 
 Caret. 
 Eruma. 
 
 Enumu, barre, g'ede. 
 Caret. 
 
 Emme, kbna. 
 Erme. 
 Pbri. 
 Ir. 
 
 Caret. 
 ■ Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Erumei, 
 M'lharakA. 
 
I 12 
 
 CHAT— KATZE— CAT— KOT—FELIS. 
 
 [chap. IV. — NOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ,*\ 
 
 'Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 
 Otu, inArjdra, vidAla 
 
 ^ IArabiCj . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kt((. 
 
 •n 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Katu. 
 Kissa. 
 Makska. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kedi, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Kettu. 
 
 Ci 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Fati. 
 
 t 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Mighoi. 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Kesike. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Kuchin.g. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Kitching. 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Kuching. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Mdou. 
 
 & 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Mdou. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Mdoti. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Mat(. 
 
 <5 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Niatin. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Nekko. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 PisM. 
 
 5' 
 
 ' Gy^mi, . . 
 
 
 
 Mau, inyau. 
 
 g 
 
 Gy^rung, . . 
 
 
 
 Tarhu. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Syimbu. 
 
 fe 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Machnt. 
 
 •■a . 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 
 Lochi. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Sinn. 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 CMlah. 
 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 JSyila. 
 
 e 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Simi. 
 Bermo. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Siinw^r, . . 
 
 
 
 . Bermo. 
 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 
 
 Nawdr. 
 
 ■s 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Tdwar. 
 
 ^' 
 
 Magar, , . 
 
 
 
 Si'ithu. 
 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Nobar. 
 
 I' 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 
 
 Billo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kir^nti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtingya, 
 
 
 
 Bhon. 
 Myong. 
 
 Myong. 
 
 Bera. 
 
 Sur'ma, viinuita. 
 
 Pusx'i. 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Manimd. 
 
 \ 
 
 AVdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mi'mimd. 
 
 % 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Pusi'iina. 
 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 
 
 
 Bir'iiw. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . BinUi. 
 
 1 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Bit' Hid, nbiniia. 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 
 Bir'ina. 
 
 o 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Myouma. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 Mi'mumd. 
 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Minimd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungradli, 
 
 
 
 
 Mdninid. 
 . Binitd, muni. 
 Birme. 
 Mdniind. 
 
 
 • Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Birdlo. 
 
 J 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mai-ni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Bh'i. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Cheping, . 
 
 
 
 
 Birdl. 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Manzy. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ddna. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Birdlo. 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 Birdlo. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Birdla. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Aleu. 
 
 
 BhUtdni v. Lli 
 
 op 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Pilli, 
 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 
 
 Mouji. 
 
 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 Menkhou. 
 
 
 f^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 Bilai. 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Myou. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^Kdchdri, . 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Bilai. 
 Hoiidong, 
 
 
 »< 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Mid/i. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ami. 
 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Mochi. 
 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 NUHIW. 
 
 
 •Ki 
 ^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Miang. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tanu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Meyau. 
 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Mendari. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Menkuri. 
 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Midige. 
 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Ningyau. 
 
 
 >«i 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 Krong. 
 
 
 c 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Kyaung. 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 Khyeng v, Shou, 
 
 
 Mill. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Mim-bo-i. 
 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Min-cho. 
 
 
 "1 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Ta-myin. 
 
 
 R 
 ^ 
 
 .Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Heing. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Pakway. 
 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Thah-menyaw, mengaw. 
 
 .8 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Maing-yaw. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Nyen. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Myoung. 
 
 
 E^ 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Meo. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 May, mean. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Men. 
 
 
 i^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 
 
 Miau. 
 Meau. 
 
 Pusi, billye. 
 
 Bilai. 
 
 Pusi, ptoh (wild). 
 
 Biiai. 
 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Birkha, kudurdm 
 
 (wild) 
 
 
 Mundala, , . . 
 
 
 Pusi. 
 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 Berge. 
 
 
 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 
 Bildl. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Bildl. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Bildl. 
 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Pilli. 
 
 
 53 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Pilli. 
 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . . . 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 _ Chentsu, . . . 
 'Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 
 TelugLi, . . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 
 Bildli, pusdl. 
 
 Bildi. 
 
 Minnu. 
 
 Fund. 
 
 Miyo. 
 
 Rdmegnd. 
 
 Girein. 
 
 Pi'ina. 
 
 Billeyi. 
 
 Piisei. 
 
 Pimei. 
 
 Card. 
 
 Puchcha. 
 
 Pilli. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Bekku. 
 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Pnchche. 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, j 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Koti. 
 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Pise. 
 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Koti. 
 
 
 
 Kurumisa, 
 
 
 
 Koti. 
 
 
 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 
 
 Pune. 
 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Pimei. 
 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Balald. 
 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 VACHE— KUH— COW— KOROVA— VACCA (BOS). 
 
 113 
 
 'Bodo, Micsho. 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 Pid. 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 
 Gai, goni, dndhia, bdchrii. 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 KicMri, . . 
 
 
 
 Mashu. 
 
 
 
 Moshu. 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Snl. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgc4, 
 
 
 
 Mdhti. 
 
 Tablung Ndg4 
 
 
 
 Mdhu. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Masu. 
 
 Angdmi Ndg:!, 
 
 
 
 MitJm. 
 
 Ndmsdng Nttgd, 
 
 
 
 Mdn. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Nasi. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Mdsi. 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 GMisJiameh. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Goru. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 
 
 Mosu. 
 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Kansi'i. 
 
 ' Burman {written], 
 
 
 
 Yiwd. 
 
 Burman {spoken), 
 
 
 
 'Nud, mvau. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 
 Shark. 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kha-bo-i. 
 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Si-rd. 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Tsi-yd. 
 
 Silk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tha-mt'tk. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Karau. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Ghaw'pi, Man, gaupcmo. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Tsernung-mu. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Phou. 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . 
 
 
 
 Wo. 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Bh-kdi. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 . Ngwau, woa, ngoa. 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hu. 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Ngo. 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ngoa. 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 
 
 
 . Gou. 
 
 Kol (Singhbbum 
 
 ), 
 
 
 Gundi. 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 
 
 Gai, gunili, gat = herd. 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 
 
 Udu. 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 
 
 V'di. 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 
 
 Oi. 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 Dhoriyal, tali, muda. 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Mudd. 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Muda. 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Ku-te. 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 
 Ku-te. 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mudi, muda. 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Potamadu. 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Khdyi. 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 
 Tangli. . ' 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Bandi. 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 
 
 Alamddu, piitamddu. 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 
 
 Gdyi. 
 
 'Tamil, ^""^-i • 
 
 
 
 A', pdtam. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Pasu, pasu-mddu. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod.. 
 
 
 Pas'u. 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 A'vu, du. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 A'vu. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Hasuvu, dkalu. 
 
 Tuliiva, . . . 
 
 
 Petta. 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 
 
 Payyu. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Tod a, ) 
 
 
 
 Tantna. 
 
 
 
 Ddndm. 
 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 
 
 A've. 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 
 
 Dana, hasu. 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Dana. 
 
 Iruja, .... 
 
 
 
 Mddu. 
 
 Malabar, . , . 
 
 
 
 Pasu, au. 
 
 , Sinhalese, . . 
 
 
 
 Eladena. 
 
 I 
 
 .■8< 
 
 I 
 s 
 
 Types. 
 
 ••g (SANSKrilT, 
 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 ■ Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 Gydrung, . . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thochu, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written) 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Giirung, 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . 
 
 Khdling, , 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . , 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdni, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Go, usrd. 
 Bakrat. 
 
 Bet. 
 
 Lehma. 
 
 Tehen. 
 
 Inek. 
 
 Shkah. 
 
 Puri, zrokha. 
 
 Uniyan, unnewon.% 
 
 Iban khelihe, unin. 
 
 Sdpi. 
 
 Lembu. 
 
 Lambu. 
 
 Nii. 
 
 Niii. 
 
 Ngau. 
 
 Nieu. 
 
 GH. 
 
 Ushi, meusi. 
 
 Dagi. 
 
 Neil, nyeu. 
 
 Nye-nye. 
 
 Bdh. 
 
 Womi ; gndzi (bull). 
 
 Gwah; zyah (bull). 
 
 Sd-lo. 
 
 Gnaumeh. 
 
 Bd. 
 
 Phd-chM. 
 
 Ckii-ma. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Myau. 
 
 Mhe. 
 
 Nhet. 
 
 Hmemama. 
 
 Gdi. 
 
 Sd. 
 
 Bit. 
 
 Pit. 
 
 Piu pa, pi. 
 
 Pit, piK. 
 
 Pit. 
 
 Pi. 
 
 Gdi. 
 
 Fmachha pik\ 
 
 Bia, biya, dmo-bia. 
 
 Pi-imma, ummapi. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 A'mo-bing. 
 
 Pik,pi limma, ummruma-pi' . 
 
 PiK, imma-o-pih'. 
 
 PiK, oma-piK. 
 
 U'mma-pi. 
 
 Gyai, bi. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 U'mmd-pit'. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Mo-sd. 
 
 Mo-syd, mo-shyd. 
 
 Syd. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Nokmwa gimi. 
 
 Gdye. 
 
 Bik. 
 Gno. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 •3 
 
IT4 
 
 CORBEAU— KRAHE— CROW— VORONA— CORNIX. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, . . . . 
 Magyar, . . . . 
 Turkish, . . , 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Kdka, vdyasa, karata, dhvdn- 
 'K.aak. \Jisha.. 
 
 Belzurda. 
 Wares. 
 Varju. 
 Kargha. 
 Caret. 
 Qyavi. 
 
 Khong gerita, kerisa. 
 Kara gaskha. 
 Gdgak. 
 Gdgak. 
 Gdgak. 
 
 Ldcnt-yd. 
 
 Ldou-yd. 
 
 Lh-d. 
 
 Lau-o. 
 
 A'. 
 
 Karasu. 
 
 h 
 
 <; 
 
 ■Si 
 
 I 
 
 2 
 
 i 
 
 ft) 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahui, Khakho. 
 
 Gydmi, Ldwa. 
 
 Gydrung, Ta-brok. 
 
 Tdkpa, A'kfo. 
 
 Mdnyak Kali. 
 
 Thochii, Nydgwo. 
 
 Sokpa, Khere. 
 
 Horpa, Kale. 
 
 Tibetan {written), . . Khdta. 
 
 Tibetan \spokcn), . . . Ablak. 
 
 Serpa, Kd laJi. 
 
 Siinwdr, Khad. 
 
 Gurung, Mlo?igyd. 
 
 Mdrmi, Kdwd. 
 
 Magar, Kdg. 
 
 Thdksya, Ghdbrdtig. 
 
 Pdkhya, Kdg. 
 
 Newdr, Ko. 
 
 Limbu, A'hwd. 
 
 Kirdnti, Kdlmd. 
 
 Rodong, Ouwd. 
 
 Rungchenbung, . . . Kdga, kah' wd, gaK wd. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Ghdk-wa. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Gogok-pd. 
 
 Wiling, Gowd. 
 
 Yikha, A'M-gwd, ag-wa. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Gdg-bo. 
 
 'Kulungya, .... Gdgdh'-po. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Gdpwa, gd-po. 
 
 Bdhingya, .... Gd-gdkba. 
 
 Lohorong, .... A'rd-wd. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Gdh'-wd, ga/i-wa. 
 
 Bdldli, A'ra'-wd. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Ar'-ivd. 
 
 Ddmi, Gdpo, gagak. 
 
 Khdling, Gdgakpo. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... GaU-wd. 
 
 ' Ddrhi, Kdwd. 
 
 Denwdr, Kowa. 
 
 Pahri, Ko-ko. 
 
 Chepdng, Kdg, ka, kiiwd. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Kdiig-kang. 
 
 Vdyu, Gd-gUt. 
 
 Kuswar, Kdg-le. 
 
 Kusunda, Kauwa. 
 
 Thdru, Kquwa. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Alok. 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . . O'ld. 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 Bodo, Doukhd. 
 
 Dhimdl, Kawd. 
 
 Kocch, Kdg, kowd, kawd. 
 
 Garo Koura. 
 
 Kdchdri, Daoku. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Kitidk. 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . . . Okhd. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, , . . Ausapa. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Warn. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Chejd. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . Vakhd. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Warn. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Walo. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Pidk. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Fiiag. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Dukd. 
 
 Singpho, Kokhd. 
 
 Burman (written), . . Kyi. 
 
 Burman \spoken), . . Kyi, kyi-gan. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shoii, . . A'ng-au. 
 
 Kdmi, Wa-d. 
 
 Kdrai, O-d. 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, ... . Wa-d. 
 
 Sdk, Wiik-kd. 
 
 •^ 
 ^ 
 
 Khatat. 
 
 Sowah-khah, tsoa-khah. 
 
 Klah. 
 
 Zank-ay. 
 
 Ka. 
 
 Shim-khdsh. 
 
 Ka. 
 
 Ka. 
 
 Talain v. Men, . . 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 Khdmti, Ka. 
 
 _ Laos, Ka. 
 
 Ho (Kol) Kd. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ka. 
 
 Santdli, Kahu, kalmng. 
 
 Bhiimij, Kovd. 
 
 Urdon, Khdkhd. 
 
 Mundala, Kovd. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Kdki. 
 
 Gondi, Kdwd, kawal. 
 
 Gayeti, Kawal. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude Kawala. 
 
 Kolami, Kdka. 
 
 Mddi, Kdkadi, kdkari. 
 
 Mddia, Kabul. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Koi. 
 
 Khond, Kdka. 
 
 Sdvara, Kdkd. 
 
 Gadaba, Gttggd. 
 
 Yerukala, ..... Seldn, kdka. 
 
 Chentsu, Kowd. 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc Karumpillei. 
 
 Tamil, mod., .... Kdkkei. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod,, . . Kdkka. 
 
 Telugu, Kdki. 
 
 Karridtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, , . Kdgi, kdki. 
 
 Tiiluva, Khdkkc. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Kak. 
 
 Toda, I . . . . Kdk. 
 
 K6ta, Kdke. 
 
 Badaga, Kdke. 
 
 KummlDa, .... Kake. 
 
 Irula Kdke. 
 
 Malabar, . . . . . Kdkam, kakkei. 
 
 Sinhalese, . . . . . Kaputd, kakkd. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 JOUR— TAG-DAY— DEN— DIES. 
 
 115 
 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Ahan, vdsara, ghasra, 
 Yotim. [divasa, dina. 
 
 Egun. 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, Pairva. 
 
 Magyar, Nap. 
 
 Turkish, Gun. 
 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Mahpey, akini.* 
 
 Dghe, bigtda.* 
 
 Edor. 
 
 Inenggi, 
 
 Dina. 
 
 Dinten. 
 
 Malay, A'ri. 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Jih. 
 Jih. 
 Yat. 
 
 Nich-isz\ 
 Jit. 
 Hi, nichi,fi. 
 
 h 
 
 3 
 
 .i 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 Brahui, Card. 
 
 ' Gydmi Peth-yan. 
 
 Gydrung, . . ... . Pish-nk, nye. 
 
 Tcikpa, Nymti. 
 
 Mdnyak, Nashchdh. 
 
 Thochii, Stydklo. 
 
 Sokpa, Wundiir. 
 
 Horpa, Nye-le. 
 
 Tibetan {written), . . Nyin-mo. 
 
 Tibetan \spoken), . . . Nyi-mo. 
 
 'Serpa, Nimo. 
 
 Siinwdr, Ndthi. 
 
 Gilrung, Dini. 
 
 Miirmi, Dini. 
 
 Magar, Na-msin. 
 
 Thdksya, Sar. 
 
 Pdkhya, Diilso. 
 
 Newdr, Nhi. 
 
 Limbu, Lendik. 
 
 Kirdnti, Len. 
 
 Rodong Khole. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Vkholen. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Ndm. 
 
 Nichhereng, .... Mlepa. 
 
 Wiling, Wo-khole, nam-diya. 
 
 Ydkha, LeKni. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... DuK so. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Lepd. 
 
 Thulungya, .... NempM. 
 
 Bdhingya, .... Mm' ti. 
 Lohorong, .... Lcntd, len. 
 Lambichhong, . . • Ilemba. 
 
 BdMli Lena. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... L'epa, ^mltpa. 
 
 YiArcix U'nyol, n^lu. 
 
 Khdling, U'nyol. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Lento, lentok, 
 
 Ddrhi, Difi- 
 
 Denwdr, Di-ni. 
 
 Pahri Nhi-na-ko. 
 
 Chepkng, Nyi, ngi, gni. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Di-nd. 
 
 Vd,yu, Nu-ma, no-mo. 
 
 Kuswar, Di-ni. 
 
 Kusunda, Dina. 
 
 Thdru, Dina. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Sakni. 
 BhUtdni v. Lhopa, . . Nyim. 
 
 \timlento'. 
 
 I 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 h 
 
 g 
 
 to 
 
 Bodo Shydn, shdn. 
 
 Dhim'dl Nyi-tima, nhitima. 
 
 Kocch,' Din. 
 
 Garo Rasdn, sdn. 
 
 Kdchdri, CMn-dung. 
 
 . . Numit. 
 
 . . Anyi. 
 
 . . Tini. 
 
 Munipun, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ntlgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . ■ 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 Asonga. 
 
 Tiso. 
 
 Rangyl. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tiinglti. 
 
 Longeh. 
 
 Longko. 
 
 Sdnjd. 
 
 to 
 
 Singpho, Ningthoi. 
 
 Burman {itintten), . . Ne. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Ne, m. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Ko-ntip. 
 
 Kdmi Ma-ni. 
 
 Kilmi, Ka-ni twun. 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, ... Ni. 
 
 Sdk Yat-ta. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Ta-ngway. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . . Ni, mu-khni. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Nt. 
 
 Toungh-thu Mo-yay. 
 
 Shdn, Kaiuon. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Ngdy. 
 
 Siamese, Wan. 
 
 Ahom Bdn. 
 
 Khdmti, Wan. 
 
 Laos, Wan. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Md. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sugi, ma. 
 
 Santdli Sing, mdhd {ma f). 
 
 Bhdmij, Din. 
 
 Urdon, Ullah. 
 
 Mundala, Sing. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Dine. 
 
 Gondi, Patti, din. 
 
 Gayeti, Din. 
 
 Rutluk, Piydl. 
 
 Naikude, Pod. 
 
 Kolami, Pdte. 
 
 Mddi, ...... PeydL 
 
 Mddia, Biydr. 
 
 Kuri, ...... Din. 
 
 Keikddi, Pugdu,poddu. 
 
 Khond, Vujjydgu. 
 
 Sdvara, Tambd. 
 
 Gadaba, Simmyd. 
 
 Yerukala, Pammdrii, pangdmdru. 
 
 Chentsu, Din. 
 
 Tamij, anc, .... £1. 
 Tamij, mod., .... Pagal, dinam, ndl. 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Pakal. 
 
 Telugu, Pagalu, dinantu. 
 
 Karijdtaka, anc, . . Pagalu. 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Hagalu. 
 
 Tuluva, Pagil. 
 
 Kurgi PogaL 
 
 Toduva,') .... Pokhal. 
 Toda, ) .... NdL 
 
 K6ta, Ndle. 
 
 Badaga, Dina,jina. 
 
 KurumlDa, .... Dina. 
 
 Iruja, Nalu. 
 
 Malabar, Naul, thenam. 
 
 _ Sinhalese, Dawasa, dina. 
 
ii6 
 
 CHIEN— HUND— DOG— SOBAKA— CANIS. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 '^ (Sanskrit, 
 -i (Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Magyar, 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amov, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 T^kpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 Thochu, 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Siinwir, 
 
 Gurung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magur, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirinti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Ciiourd.sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thiilungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 Klidling, ^ , 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 l^hrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 1 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 <; 
 
 S'van, bhashaka, kukkura. 
 Kelb. 
 
 Chakur, zahir, potzo, ora. 
 
 Koira. 
 
 Kutya. 
 
 Keupek. 
 
 Khak, schy* koy.* 
 
 Tsaghli. 
 
 Nokhai, nochai, kalziakan,^ 
 
 Indakhon. \tolloki?i.\[ 
 
 A'su. 
 
 Segdwon. 
 
 Anjing. 
 
 Kan. 
 Kau. 
 Kau. 
 K'eu. 
 KaA. 
 Inn, 
 
 Kuchak. 
 
 Kou. 
 
 KM. 
 
 Khi. 
 
 Kshah. 
 
 Khwah. 
 
 Nokhwe. 
 
 Katdh. 
 
 Khyi. 
 
 Uyo. 
 
 Khi. 
 
 Kucht'mg. 
 
 Nagyt'i. 
 
 Ndngi. 
 
 Chhyi't. 
 
 Ndga, nak'yri. 
 
 Kyatd'i. 
 
 KId-chd. 
 
 Kind. 
 
 Kochu. 
 
 Khli. 
 
 Kochi'iwd. 
 
 KoMwd. 
 
 Haga. 
 
 Kotima, kochuwd. 
 
 Kochuina. 
 
 Chdii. 
 
 Khch. 
 
 Khlcbd. 
 
 KIdicha. 
 
 Jlit' wd. 
 
 Kochi'i. 
 
 Kochumd. 
 
 Hd-dga, /toga. 
 
 Khkb, kh/ibii. 
 
 Khleb. 
 
 Kuti-md. 
 
 K/ikiir. 
 
 Ku-ki'ir. 
 
 Kit-ju, kn. 
 
 Kwl, kill. 
 
 A-kyd. 
 
 Uri. 
 
 Ku-kol. 
 
 Agai. 
 
 Ki'itta. 
 
 Kazeii. 
 Khi. 
 
 I 
 
 ft? 
 
 
 s 
 
 Bodo, Cho'ma, chikti. 
 
 Dhimdl, Khid. 
 
 Kocch, Kukiir, kuhok. 
 
 Garo, Kai. 
 
 Kdchdri, Shoima, shima. 
 
 Munipuri, Hwi. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . m. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Kui. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Ai. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Tasil. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Hit. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Azz. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . , Arh. 
 
 Abbr Miri, .... Eki. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Iki. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, , . . Shi. 
 
 Singpho, GtU. 
 
 Burman ipritten), . . 'K.hwe. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . lUiwe, khwd. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . U-i. 
 
 Kdrai, U-i. 
 
 Kiimi, U-i. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . . Ta-kwi. 
 
 Sdk, Kit. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Kald. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... 'Twz, htwi. 
 
 Pwo-karen Twi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Htwe. 
 
 Shdn, Ma. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Sho. 
 
 Siamese, Ma. 
 
 Ahom, Md. 
 
 Khdmti, Md. 
 
 Laos, Md. 
 
 Ho (Kol) Seta. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Setd. 
 
 Santdli, Setd. 
 
 Bhilraij, Setd. 
 
 Urdon, Alia. 
 
 Mundala, Setd. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Allay. 
 
 Gondi, Ndi, nei. 
 
 Gayeti, Nai. 
 
 Rutluk, Nei. 
 
 Naikude, A' tie. 
 
 Kolami, . . . . A'tte. 
 
 Mddi, Neiyu, nei-o. 
 
 Mddia, Nei. 
 
 Kuri, Chita, seta. 
 
 Kcikddi, Ndi. 
 
 Klioncl Nahudi. 
 
 Sdvara, Keiicho. 
 
 Gadaba Guso. 
 
 Yerukala, Ndyi, 
 
 Chentsu, Kukkiir. 
 
 Tamil, anc Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod., .... Ndyi, muduval. 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Ndya, paiti. 
 
 lelugu Kukka. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Ndyi. 
 
 Tuhiva, Ndyi. 
 
 Kurgi, Ndyi. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Ndyi. 
 
 Toda, I .... Noi. 
 
 K6ta, Nai. 
 
 Badaga, Nai. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Nai. 
 
 Irula, Nai. 
 
 Malabar, N'oy, suv-anam. 
 
 Sinhalese, Balld. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 OREILLE— OHR— EAR— UKHO—AURIS. 
 
 117 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 t 
 
 'Bodo, 
 
 Khoma. 
 
 
 ■•| (Sanskrit, 
 «!, (Arabic, . . 
 
 s 
 
 . . Kama. 
 
 . . Uzn. 
 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 Kocch, .... 
 Garo, 
 
 Nhd-tong, ndhdthong. 
 
 Kdn. 
 
 Mdchor. 
 
 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 
 . . Belarri, bearri. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchiri, .... 
 
 Khoma. 
 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 . . . Korwa. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, .... 
 
 Na. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 . . Ful. 
 
 "a" 
 
 Mfthiln Nc4gd, . . 
 
 Nd. 
 
 
 .^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 . . Kulak. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Nd. 
 
 
 "« 
 
 R 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 ■ . . Takhum. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Tenhaun. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 . . Kurt. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Aiiye. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 . . . Chikin, tsighin ; bucha.\\ 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Nd. 
 
 
 tj 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 . . . Shan; udak.* 
 
 § " 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tenaung. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngok 
 
 0, . . Ktiping. 
 
 <J; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Tcldnmt. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Kratr 
 
 la, . . Tali ngan. 
 
 s 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . . 
 
 Norong. 
 
 
 
 Malay, . . 
 
 . . . Talinga. 
 
 5 
 
 Sibsiigar Miri, . . . 
 
 Ycrutig. 
 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nanki 
 
 n, . , Urh. 
 
 l^ 
 
 Deoria Chiitia, . . . 
 
 Ydku. 
 
 
 <w> 
 
 Chinese, Pekin 
 
 . . Urh. 
 
 
 .Singpho, 
 
 Nd. 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canto 
 
 n, . . Urh. 
 
 'g 
 
 ' Burman {written). 
 
 N^. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shang 
 
 lai, . Ni-tu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Nii, nait. 
 
 
 •i; 
 
 Amoy, Colloquij 
 
 il, . . Hi. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Kliyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Ka-nhaii. 
 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 . . . Mimi. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 A-ga-nd. 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Ka-no. 
 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 
 . . . Khaff. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . 
 
 Pa-rdm. 
 
 
 :§■ 
 
 ■ Gyjlmi, 
 
 
 . . . Airto. 
 
 
 [Sdk, 
 
 A-ka-nd. 
 
 
 K 
 
 Gydning, 
 
 
 Tir-7ie. 
 
 
 ■ Tallin V. Mon, . . 
 
 Khato. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdlcpa, 
 
 
 . . . Nebldp. 
 
 t; 
 
 Sgaii-karen, . . . 
 
 Nnli, na-klni. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 
 . . . Ndpi. 
 
 « 
 
 S 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Nah. 
 
 
 \ ■ 
 
 Thochii, 
 
 
 . . . NMh. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Nan. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 
 . . . Khikhe. 
 
 1. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 JIu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 . . . Nyo. 
 
 t-i * 
 
 Annamitic, 
 
 Tai. 
 
 
 .s 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 . . 'R.na. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Hu. 
 
 
 6 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Amcho. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Pik. 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Klidmti, .... 
 
 Bii. 
 
 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 . . . Am-chi'ik. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Till. 
 
 
 5 
 
 Sdnwiir, 
 Giirung, 
 Milrmi 
 
 
 . . . Nophd. 
 . . . Ndbe. 
 . . . Ndpe. 
 . . , Nd-kyep. 
 . . . Una, nha. 
 . . . TCdn. 
 . . . Nhai-pong. 
 . . . Nekho. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singlibhum), , 
 
 Liitur. 
 Liitur. 
 
 
 1' 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 P£chya, 
 
 Newir, 
 
 Limbu. 
 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 Urdon, .... 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Lutur, hi'tpa = side of 
 Ltitur. 
 IChebda. 
 LuU'ir. 
 . IChetway. 
 
 ear. 
 
 
 Ji^A^A* \J } 
 
 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Kavi. 
 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, 
 
 
 . . . Ndbd. 
 
 .ta 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 . Kavi. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 . . . Ndpro. 
 
 -a 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Kavi. 
 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 . . . Ndba. 
 
 
 Naikude 
 
 ICmval (pi.). 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 . . . Ndrek. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 . Kavval (pi.). 
 
 
 ■d- 
 
 Nichhereng, . 
 
 . . . Ndbd. 
 
 <! 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 C/wuku, kewoku (pi.). 
 
 
 §- 
 
 Wiling, . . 
 
 . . . Ndphdk. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 ICavi. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 . . Ndphdk. 
 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Lutur. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, . 
 
 . . . Dobii. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Suvi. 
 
 
 3. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 . . Nobwa, no-bo. 
 
 
 Kliond, .... 
 
 li^irru. 
 
 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 . . Nokphla. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Luv. 
 
 
 J 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 . , Sdmd-nyeii. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Nintiri. 
 
 
 ■•a 
 
 Lohorong, . 
 
 . . Ndbak, ndba. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Soyi. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 . . Nora. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Kd}i. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 BiMli, . . . 
 
 . . Naba. 
 
 
 'Tamil, a"=-> • • ■ 
 
 Sevi. 
 
 
 
 Sing-pdng, . 
 
 . . Naba. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 ICddu, sa>i. 
 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 . . Nccho. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, .inc., 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 . . Necho. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 Kdta, chevi. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 . . Ndphak. 
 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 Chevi. 
 
 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 . . Kdn. 
 
 . . Kdn. 
 
 . . Nhua-puru. 
 
 . . Ne, no. 
 
 . . Kd-nd. 
 
 . . Nak-chii, noK-churig. 
 
 . . Kdn. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 Karndtalca, mod., . 
 Tukiva, .... 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva, > . . . 
 Toda, 1 . . . 
 Kdta, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kivi, kimi. 
 
 Kebi. 
 
 ICenii. 
 
 Kavi. 
 
 ICevvi. 
 
 Kive. 
 
 
 1 
 
 1*5 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 Thdru, . . . . 
 
 . . Chydu. 
 . . Kdn. 
 
 
 Badaga 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 Iruja 
 
 Kive. 
 Kive. 
 Kddu. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim) 
 
 . . Anyor. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 ICdthu, sevi. 
 
 
 
 Bhddni v. 
 
 Lhopj 
 
 I, . . Navo. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, .... 
 
 Kana. 
 
 
ii8 
 
 TERRE— ERDE— EARTH— ZEMLY A— TERRA. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■S (Sanskrit, 
 ^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Kiama, 
 [ Malay, . . . 
 
 & 
 
 e 
 
 > 
 
 I 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai. 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gyirung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Minyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan (splien), . 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Siinvvdr, 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rungchenbung, . 
 Chhingtdngya, . 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepitng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusuiida, . 
 ThAni, , . 
 
 Lcpcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 £/m, bhumi, go, prithivi. 
 Ard. 
 
 Lttr. 
 Maa. 
 Fold. 
 
 Yer, toprak. 
 Yattah, wahtey. 
 Mitsa, musa.* 
 Kusar,ghazar ; daradtt.^ 
 Na, iisin. 
 Burnt. 
 Bumi. 
 Tdnah. 
 
 Ti, ?ii-fn, i.e. soil. 
 71, ni-t'ii, i.e. soil. 
 Ti, nai-fo, i.e. soil. 
 Ti-bi, ni, i.e. mud. 
 Toe. 
 Tsuchi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ti, ihott. 
 Seh. 
 Sdh. 
 
 Mali, mil. 
 Zip. 
 
 Wonnish. 
 Kcha. 
 Nd, sa. 
 Sd. 
 
 Sd 
 
 Kha-pi. 
 
 Sa, nhe. 
 
 Sd. 
 
 Jhd 
 
 Sa. 
 
 Mdio. 
 
 Chd. 
 
 Kham. 
 
 Bdkhd. 
 
 Bokhd. 
 
 Bdkhd, lienkliama. 
 
 Kluiin. 
 
 Baha. 
 
 PdkhL 
 
 Khdm, 
 
 Kdiiksi. 
 
 Boho. 
 
 Kwd, 
 
 Wdlcko. 
 
 Bd khd. 
 
 Khamha?igiangba. 
 
 Bah' kha. 
 
 Bdhd 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Wdlikha. 
 
 Mdti. 
 
 Mdto. 
 
 Chd. 
 
 Sd 
 
 Nd-sd 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Mali. 
 
 Doiiia. 
 
 Mdti. 
 
 I'hal. 
 Sdh. 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 Among. 
 A'mong. 
 
 ^5 
 
 to 
 
 Bodo, lid, hdsharhd. 
 
 Dhimdl, Bhoiidi. 
 
 Kocch, Bhumi, mdti. 
 
 Garo, TId. 
 
 Ksichdri, Hd. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Laipdk. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Hdwdn. 
 
 Tablung Nd.g£, . . . Katok. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... All 
 
 Angdmi Nigd, . . , Kije. 
 
 Ndmsdng N^gd, . . Hd. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . A'li. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . A'li. 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsigar Miri, . . 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . , . Yd. 
 
 Singpho, N^d. 
 
 Burman (written), . . Mre. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Mye, myd-ghi. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Det. 
 
 Kdmi, Ka-ldi-hong. 
 
 Kiimi, Ka-loung. 
 
 Mni v. Toung, . . . Kroung. 
 
 Sdk Kd 
 
 Talain v. Mon, ... Te. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Hawks, haii-hko. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... G'on-ku. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Ham-tan. 
 
 Shdn, Sen. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Ddt. 
 
 Siamese, Tein, phendin. 
 
 Ahom, Diji. 
 
 Khdmti, Langmin. 
 
 Laos, Din. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), .... Ote, hassa. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ote. 
 
 Santdli, Zr^ji,a//w = the earth, 
 
 ddd = paddock, 
 dhaldk =; clod, 
 d'ema = plain. 
 
 Bhdmij, Ote. 
 
 Urdon, Khekhel. 
 
 Mundala, Wathe. 
 
 Rijmahali, .... Kekal. 
 
 Gondi, Dharti, dhartri. 
 
 Gayeti, Dhartri. 
 
 Rutluk, Dhartri. 
 
 Naikude, El. 
 
 Kolami, El. 
 
 Midi, Dartri. 
 
 Md,dia, Neli. 
 
 Kuri, Ote, wote. 
 
 Keikddi, Nard. 
 
 Khond, 2dnd. 
 
 Sdvara, . ■. . . . Labo. 
 
 Gadaba, Caret. 
 
 Yerukala, ' Tarra. 
 
 Chentsu, Bhi'iyi. 
 
 Tamil, anc Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod., .... Nilam, ulagam. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., . , Nilam, manna. 
 
 Telugu, Pudami, nela, mannu. 
 
 KarndUka, anc, . , Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Podavi. 
 
 Tuluva, Nela. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret, 
 
 Toduva,) .... Nelan. 
 
 Toda, j .... Biimi. 
 
 Kdta, Bumi. 
 
 Badaga, Btimi. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Mannu, btimi. 
 
 Iruja, Bitmi, 
 
 Malabar, Pi'tmi, ptivi, prithivi. 
 
 _ Sinhalese, Polawa. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 CEUF— EI— EGG— YMTSO-OVUM. 
 
 119 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■| |Sanski?,it, 
 «^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . , 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 s 
 
 h 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 .■s^ 
 
 is 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 fi; 
 
 I 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gyd,rung, 
 Tiikpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochu, 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Sdnwdr, 
 
 Gilrung, 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pikhya, 
 
 Newir, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 Riingclienbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wiling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Biihingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdUli, . . 
 Sing-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Aiiifa, 
 
 Arraultz. 
 
 Muna. 
 
 Toyas. 
 
 Yunmrta. 
 
 Kanghey, tshankey. 
 
 Kwertskhi. 
 
 Umdoken, uniiuke. 
 
 Umhan, tchoko-i-umakha. 
 
 Mndog. 
 
 Tigan. 
 
 Talor. 
 
 Tdn. 
 
 Tdn. 
 
 ■Tdn. 
 
 Ki-dan. 
 
 Nng. 
 
 Tamago. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chitun. 
 
 Ki-tan. 
 
 Khdlum. 
 
 Rdcha. 
 
 Kiwost. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sgangd. 
 
 Sgonga. 
 
 Gong-nd. 
 
 Gongnd. 
 Bd-pkii. 
 PMng. 
 PMm. 
 
 Chhydrkyaphiim. 
 Phul. 
 
 Khyen, khen. 
 Thin, thin. 
 
 U'ding. 
 
 Dai, da-i. 
 
 U'-ding, Kid-din. 
 
 U'-thin. 
 
 Di-i. 
 
 Dim. 
 
 In, wd-in. 
 
 Bdbdng'ya. 
 
 ■Umdi, wddi, di. 
 
 Di-i. 
 
 Di, hd-di. 
 
 Weh'din, we-din. 
 
 Thin, ithin. 
 
 Wddin. 
 
 Di. 
 
 U'tti, ti. 
 
 Phdtte. 
 
 U'mting, ting. 
 
 Anda. 
 Dimba. 
 Khen-ja. 
 Wd-Min, lum. 
 Horn. 
 Chdlung. 
 Dimba. 
 God, gwa. 
 Arida. 
 
 Ati. 
 Gong-do. 
 
 I 
 
 ft? 
 
 I 
 ft? 
 
 
 1 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 Bodo, Dait-do'i. 
 
 Dhimdl, Tt't'i. 
 
 Kocch Diina. 
 
 Garo Touchi. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Caret. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Oti. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . , . Kek. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... AnsU. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . PodzU. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . Ati. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . AntsU. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Utii. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... A'piu. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Apii. 
 
 Deoria Chiitia, . . . Ditjd. 
 
 Singpho, Udi. 
 
 Burman (written), . . U. 
 
 Burman (spoken), . . . U, 0-0. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . To-i. 
 
 Kdmi, Du. 
 
 Kdmi, Di-i. 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . . Dti-i. 
 
 Sdk, Wa-ti. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Khmatsan. 
 
 Sgau-karen Di, hdi, dhi. 
 
 Pvvo-karen, .... Di. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . De. 
 
 Shdn, Khiht. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Trii'ng. 
 
 Siamese, ... . Xhu, khai. 
 
 Ahom, Khrai. 
 
 Khdmti, Khai. 
 
 Laos, Khai. 
 
 Ho (Kol) Petto, billi. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Pittii. 
 
 Santdli, Bele. 
 
 Bhiimij, Pita. 
 
 Urdon, Bi. 
 
 Mundala, Billi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Kir pan. 
 
 Gondi, Mej, mes. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Caret. 
 
 Khond, Vatdnga. 
 
 Sdvara,' Are. 
 
 Gadaba, Mittd. 
 
 Yemkala, Mvtta. 
 
 Chentsu, . . . . . Dimma. 
 
 Tami], anc, .... Sinei. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . . Muttei. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Muita. 
 
 Telugu, Gufidv. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod. , , . Tatti, motte, guddu. 
 
 Tuluva, Mutte, tetti. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva,| .... Mukshu. 
 
 Tod a, j .... Motte. 
 
 K6ta, Moite. 
 
 Badaga, Motte. 
 
 Kummba, .... Motte. 
 
 Irula, Mottii. 
 
 Malabar, Muttei. 
 
 Sinhalese, Bijja. 
 
I20 
 
 ELEPHANT— ELEPHANT— ELEPHANT— SLON—ELEPHAS. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■S 
 
 (Sanskrit, . . 
 
 
 
 Vdrana, hastin. 
 
 <!, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 
 Fil. 
 
 
 'Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 
 
 Elefandi. 
 
 Norsu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 tM 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 S- 
 
 Mongolian, . . 
 
 
 
 Dsakhan, saghan 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 Sufan. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Gajah. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Gajah. 
 
 
 L Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Gajah. 
 
 
 r Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Siang. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Hsiang. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Tseong. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 
 Siang. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Chiun. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Z6. 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 xi 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Sydng 
 
 t; 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Ldng-chhcn. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Laiig-chhen. 
 
 \- 
 
 Mdnyak, . , 
 
 
 
 Ca7-et. 
 
 
 Thochii, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Lhdhoche. 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Ldinochhen. 
 
 % 
 
 Tibetan {writtm), 
 
 
 
 Qildngchen. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ldmboche. 
 Ldngbo. 
 
 ,_i^ 
 
 Sunwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 So-da. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 
 
 Hathi. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Hdthi. 
 
 ■Ki 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 Hathi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Lam'bochhe. 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 
 
 Hdtti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newar, . . 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingt;lngya, 
 
 
 
 Kisi. 
 Hetti. 
 
 Hdthi. 
 Hdtti. 
 Hdti. 
 Hdli. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchliereiig, . 
 
 
 
 JJdthi. 
 
 <, 
 
 Willing, . . 
 
 
 
 Hdthi. 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Tliulungya, . 
 
 
 
 . Hdti. 
 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Hdtti. 
 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Dumi, . . . 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 . Bon-Ian. 
 
 Hdtti. 
 . Hddi. 
 . Hdtti. 
 
 
 fDdrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Hathi. 
 
 i 
 
 Denwar, . . 
 
 
 
 . Haiti. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Ki-si. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 . Hd-thi. 
 
 r^ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 
 . Card. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Hati. 
 
 K 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 . Hathi. 
 
 ? 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 
 , Hdtti-gyd. 
 
 =^ 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Hathi. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Tyanmo. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhop 
 
 a, 
 
 
 . Langclien. 
 
 hi 
 
 1, 
 
 Si 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdrni Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {zuritun), 
 Burraan (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 
 [Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 f Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhumij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 Mundala, . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . , 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 Tamij, mod,, . 
 
 Malayd]ma, anc. 
 
 Malaydima, mod 
 
 Telugu, . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 
 Tiduva, . . 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 
 Toduva,) 
 
 Toda, I 
 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 Kufumba, 
 
 Iruja, . , . 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Moi-gedet, moidet. 
 
 Ndria. 
 
 Hdthi. 
 
 Ndplo. 
 
 Megadett. 
 
 Sdmu. 
 
 Loak. 
 
 Lok-niu. 
 
 Sati. 
 
 Tsu. 
 
 Puok. 
 
 Shiti. 
 
 Suti. 
 
 Sita. 
 
 Site. 
 
 Men. 
 
 Magui. 
 
 Chhang. 
 
 S'hen, tsheng. 
 
 Mwi. 
 
 Ka-sdi. 
 
 Ka-sd-i. 
 
 Nga-s'hdit. 
 
 U-H. 
 
 Tsing. 
 
 K'saw, ka-sau, kah-tsau. 
 ICsa?ig. 
 Hsan. 
 Tsan. 
 Vol 
 
 Htsann, chang. 
 Tyd?tg. 
 Tsdng. 
 Tsang. 
 
 Caret. 
 Hdthi. 
 
 Hdthi, sunda = the trunk. 
 Hdthi. 
 Hdthi. 
 Hdthi. 
 A'thi. 
 Yeje, yani. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Hattanga. 
 Ra. 
 Kom. 
 A'na. 
 Hate. 
 
 Kaliru. 
 A'nei, y&nei. 
 Caret. 
 A'na. 
 Yenuga. 
 Caret. 
 A'ne. 
 A'ne. 
 A'ne. 
 A'n. 
 An. 
 Caret. 
 A'ne. 
 A'rie. 
 A'ne. 
 Yanei, kunjaram, varanam. 
 
 m. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 OEIL— AUGE— EYE— GLAZ— OCULUS. 
 
 12 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, ' 
 f (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 
 o 
 
 } 
 
 
 
 =0 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tiikpa, 
 M.iny.ak, . 
 I'hochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan {splten), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Siinwir, . 
 Gilrung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, . 
 P^khya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Nichhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bildli, . . 
 
 Sing-ping, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khiling, . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 fDirhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltini v. Lhopa, 
 
 Akshi, chakshus, ndra. 
 Aayn. 
 
 Bcgiii. 
 Silvia. 
 Szem. 
 Geuz. 
 Neh. 
 Thwali. 
 Nidon. 
 Yasa. 
 Mdta. 
 Maripat. 
 Mdta. 
 
 Yen. 
 
 Yen. 
 
 Ngdn. 
 
 Ngan-tsing. 
 
 Bdk. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Khan. 
 
 Yen-chin. 
 
 Tai-inyek, iam-myek. 
 
 Mchng. 
 
 Mill. 
 
 Kan. 
 
 Mitii. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Mig. 
 
 Mik. 
 
 Mik. 
 
 Mi-chi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mik. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 A'nkhd. 
 
 Mi-khd. 
 
 Mik. 
 
 Mak. 
 
 Michak. 
 
 Mak, madk. 
 
 Mak. 
 
 Mik'-sa. 
 
 Mak. 
 
 Mik. 
 
 Bisi. 
 
 MuK-si. 
 
 Mili-si. 
 
 Michi. 
 
 Mik\ (pi.) m{ chi. 
 
 Mik, mih\ 
 
 Miiik, muh'. 
 
 Mdk, muK. 
 
 Mas, miksi. 
 
 Mash. 
 
 Mak. 
 
 A'nkhi. 
 
 A'nkhd. 
 
 Mi-gi. 
 
 Mi, mi-k. 
 
 Mi-k. 
 
 Me-k. 
 
 A'nkhi. 
 
 Chining. 
 
 A'nkh. 
 
 Amik. 
 Mido. 
 
 % 
 
 fBodo, .... 
 
 . . Mogon. 
 
 
 Dhimil, . . . 
 
 . . Mi. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 . . Chakhu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, .... 
 
 . . Makar. 
 
 4' 
 
 Kichiri, . . . 
 
 . . Mogun. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 
 . Mit. 
 
 ^2 
 
 Mftliin Nigd, . 
 
 . Mik. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Nigi, . 
 
 . Mik. 
 
 Khdri Nigi, . . 
 
 . Tcnik. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Angimi Nigi, . 
 
 . Amhi. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Nimsing Nigi, . 
 
 . Mit. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Nigi, 
 
 . Tenok. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Tengsa Nigi, . . 
 
 . Tenyik. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 . Amik. 
 
 'g 
 
 Sibsigar Miri, . , 
 
 . Amik. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 . Mukuti. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . . 
 
 . Mi. 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 . Myakchi. 
 
 C 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 . Myetsi, myet-se: 
 
 1^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 . Mi-u-i. 
 
 *■ 
 
 Kimi, 
 
 A-mi. 
 
 s 
 
 Ktimi, 
 
 . Me. 
 
 "1 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 . Min. 
 
 fc 
 ^ 
 
 .Sik, 
 
 . A-mi. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 . Mot. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-k.arcn, . . . 
 
 Me, ma'i. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karcn, . . . 
 
 . Mil-thah. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 May. 
 
 g 
 
 Shin, 
 
 . Mat-ta. 
 
 t>l ■ 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 . Mat. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . . 
 
 . Ta. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 . Td. 
 
 to 
 
 Khimti, . . . . 
 
 . Td. 
 
 
 ^Laos, 
 
 . Td. 
 
 
 'Ho(Kol), . . . 
 
 . Met. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 . Met. 
 
 
 Santili, . . . . 
 
 . Meh. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . . 
 
 . Met. 
 
 
 Urion 
 
 . Khdn. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . . 
 
 . Med 
 
 
 Rijmahali, . . . 
 
 . Kdfte. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 . Kdn (sing.), kank (pi.) 
 
 ,«■ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . . 
 
 . Kark (pi.). 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, . . . . 
 
 . Kanak, kadak (pi.). 
 
 
 Naikude, . . , . 
 
 . Kandlu (pi.). 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . . 
 
 . Kanul (pL). 
 
 a 
 
 Midi, 
 
 . Kondd. 
 
 Midia, . . . . 
 
 . Kodd. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 . Met, med. 
 
 
 Keikidi, . . . . 
 
 . Kdn. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . . 
 
 Kannuka. 
 
 
 Sivara, . . . . 
 
 Amu. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . . 
 
 . Olio. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . . 
 
 . Supdn. 
 
 
 ^ Chentsu, . . . . 
 
 A'yenkhi. 
 
 
 ' Tami], anc 
 
 . Ndttam. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Kan. 
 
 
 Malayilma, anc, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Malayiima, mod,, 
 
 Kanna. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . . 
 
 . Kannu. 
 
 
 Karnitaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ,a 
 
 Karnitaka, mod., . 
 
 Kannu. 
 
 "3 
 S 
 
 Tu]uva, . . . 
 
 Kami. 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 Kann. 
 
 § 
 
 Toduva, ) . . 
 Toda, 1 . . 
 
 Konn. 
 Kann.. 
 
 to 
 
 Kdta, .... 
 
 Kannu. 
 
 
 Badaga, . , . 
 
 Kannu. 
 
 
 Kurumija, . . 
 
 . Kannu. 
 
 
 Iruja, .... 
 
 Kannu. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 Kan, vilzi, net-theram. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . . . ■ 
 
 Aha, dsa. 
 
122 
 
 PERE— VATER— F AT H E R—OTETS— PATER. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bodo, Bipha. 
 
 'k 
 
 
 1^ . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 
 Abd. 
 
 ■•g (Sanskrit, . . 
 4 (Arabic, . . . 
 
 . . Pitri. 
 . . Ab. 
 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Bap. 
 A'bd. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Bask, . . . . 
 Finnic, . . . . 
 
 . . Alia. 
 . . Isa. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 
 Apa. 
 ipd. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 . . Aiya. 
 
 •vj" 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Apd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 . . Baba. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Opdh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 , . Taht, iyat. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Tabd. 
 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 . . Mama. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Apo. 
 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 . . Etsigha, etsige, abu. 
 
 ■■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Vd. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 . . Ama. 
 
 8 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Upd. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngok 
 
 0, . . Bdfa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Apu. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krain 
 
 a, . . Rama. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Yiai. 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . 
 
 . . Bdpa. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Bdbd. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nanki 
 
 n, . . Fu-ts'in. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Cliutia, 
 _^ Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Tsipd. 
 Wd. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 . . Fu-tsHn. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Canto 
 
 1, . . Fu-ts'an. 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 
 
 Phae. 
 
 1" 
 
 Chinese, Shang 
 
 mi, . Yd, dh-tidh. 
 
 s 
 
 Burman (spoken), 
 
 
 
 Phd-e, ahpa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquia 
 
 1, . . Pe. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 
 
 
 Pan. 
 
 
 Japanese, . 
 
 . . Oya, tchi-Uhi. 
 
 « 
 
 Kdmi, . . , 
 Kumi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pd-ei. 
 Am-po, 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 . . . Bdv. 
 
 1 
 
 Mni V, Toung, 
 
 
 
 Pd. 
 
 ■y" 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 . . . Dhd-dd. 
 
 1: 
 
 ,Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Abd. 
 
 
 Gyarung, . . 
 
 . . . Ta-pe. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Md. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 . . . Apd. 
 
 .8 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Pah, bah. 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 . . . Apd. 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Pah. 
 
 •|< 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 . . . Ai. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, , 
 
 
 
 Pha. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 . . . T'chiki. 
 
 1 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . 
 
 
 
 , Pau. 
 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 . . . Apd. 
 
 h 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Sha. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {writ/en), 
 
 . . Phd. 
 
 g 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Hpau, po. 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 . . . Pdld. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 
 Po. 
 
 
 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Po. 
 
 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 . . . A'bd. 
 
 
 Laos, . , . 
 
 
 
 Po. 
 
 f 
 
 Sdnwdr, . . 
 Giirung, . . 
 Miirmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thaksya, . . 
 
 . . . Bdve. 
 . . . Abo. 
 . . . Apd. 
 . . . Bai. 
 . . . A'bo. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhun: 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 "), 
 
 
 Appu. 
 
 Apung. 
 
 Bdbd, dp- (with -at, -uing. 
 
 r 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Bdbu. [-urn affi.xed). 
 Babe. 
 
 t 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Nevvir, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 . . . Baba'i. 
 . . . Abii. 
 . . . Amba. 
 
 
 Mundala, , . 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 Apiing. 
 A'bd. 
 Wdwo, bdba, ddcJa. 
 
 
 ■ Kirinti, . . 
 
 . . . Opa-aipa. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdba. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 . . U'm' pa. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdwo, ddda. 
 
 
 Riingclicnbiing, 
 
 F.ii-pa, wa-pa, opa. 
 
 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Tdg. 
 
 
 Cliliingt:lngya, 
 
 . . . U'l'd. 
 
 ■fc 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Bdo. 
 
 
 Ndchlicreng, . 
 
 . . . Upii. 
 
 tS 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Bdba, 
 
 1 
 
 VVdIing, . . 
 
 . . , A'pd,pdpd. 
 
 
 Mddia, , . 
 
 
 
 Bakdalta. 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 . . . Ipa. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ba-abba. 
 
 5 
 
 Chourisya, . 
 
 . . . Apo. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Eiya, bdba. 
 
 4 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 . . . Uiii pd. 
 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Abbd. 
 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 . . . Pdp, updp. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . , 
 
 
 
 Uwd. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 . . A'-po. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Abbd. 
 
 **3 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 . . Um-pa. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 
 
 A'va. 
 
 Q 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 . . Impd. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 
 
 Bd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 . . Opa. 
 
 
 ^ Tamil, anc, . 
 
 
 
 Endei. 
 
 S 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 . . Urn' pa. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod,, . 
 
 
 
 Tandei, tagappan, appan. 
 
 
 Dumi, . . . 
 
 . . Upyap, ipydp, upii. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 . . Updp. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 
 
 Appan. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 . . Uinpa. 
 
 
 Tclugu, . . 
 
 
 Taiidrl, abba. 
 
 1 • 
 
 • Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 . . Bi'tbo. 
 . . Bdbd. 
 . . Bd. 
 . . Ba-bi'i. 
 . . Ba-bdi. 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 Karndtaka, ai 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, \ 
 Toda, ] 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 c, 
 od,, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Appa, tandc. 
 Amine. 
 Caret. 
 Eyyan. 
 
 
 Vdyu, , . . 
 Ivus\vn.r. 
 
 . . U'-pd, lipii. 
 . . Bdbdik. 
 
 
 
 
 Eyan, ciyan. 
 Eyan, eiyane. 
 
 >> 
 ■^ 
 
 KusLincki. . 
 
 . . Pdl 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 
 Appa, tande. 
 
 1 
 
 J K. V4 *./ VL • A VI ^^f ■ t 
 
 _ Thdni, . . . 
 
 . . Bdbd. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, , , 
 
 
 
 
 Pande. 
 A'nime, ainma. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim) 
 
 , . . Abo. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tahapipen, pitha, thathei. 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. Lhop 
 
 a, •. . Appd. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 
 Piyd, appd. 
 
CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 
 
 FEU— FEUER— FIRE— OGON^IGNIS. 
 
 12:, 
 
 Types. 
 
 •§ (Sanskrit, 
 <|, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 s 
 
 ■a 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 I" 
 
 '•o 
 
 K 
 
 
 n:i 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tcikpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochi'i, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written) 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Giimng, 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Agni. 
 
 Mr. 
 
 Su. 
 
 Tuli. 
 
 Tiiz. 
 
 Atesh, 
 
 Mahzwa. 
 
 Tsetskhli. 
 
 Ghel, ghal. 
 
 Tua. 
 
 Genni. 
 
 Latu. 
 
 Api. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Fo. 
 
 Hu. 
 
 He. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Khdkhar. 
 
 Ak-kkd. 
 
 Tlmi. 
 
 Meh. 
 
 Sa-me/t. 
 
 Mch. ' 
 
 Kwdl. 
 
 U-mah. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Mhe. 
 
 Hme. 
 
 A'go. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Ml. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mii. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 A'-ge. 
 
 Agi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Me, mi. 
 
 Md-i. 
 
 Me. 
 
 A'ghi. 
 
 Jd. 
 
 Agi. 
 
 Mi. 
 Mi. 
 
 
 "^ 
 V 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 ft) 
 
 is 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 Dhiradl, . 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . . 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 ' Mimipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 1 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Ktimi, . . . 
 Mril V. Toung, 
 Sak, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 Pwo-karcn, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiiraij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . , 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, 
 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 
 Telugu,' . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 Tuluva, . . 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva, > 
 
 Toda, ) . 
 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Irula, . . . 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 Sinhalese, , . 
 
 Wat. 
 Me. 
 Agni. 
 Ver, wal. 
 Od. 
 
 Met. 
 
 Van. 
 A'h. 
 Matsii. 
 Mi. 
 
 Van. 
 Mi. 
 Masi. 
 Erne. 
 
 Umme. 
 Nye. 
 
 Wan. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Md-i. 
 
 Mhd-i. 
 
 Md-i. 
 
 Bd-in. 
 
 Ka-mol. 
 
 May-u, md-u, mi-uh. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 May. 
 
 Hpihn. 
 
 Lii'a. 
 
 Thwa, fai. 
 
 Fai. 
 
 Fai. 
 
 Fai. 
 
 Sengel. 
 
 Sengel. 
 
 Sengel. 
 
 Saigel. 
 
 Chili. 
 
 Singil. 
 
 Chi-chc. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Kick. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Singal. 
 
 JVarpu. 
 
 Nddi. 
 
 Togo. 
 
 Sungol. 
 
 Nerupu. 
 
 Agin. 
 
 Azhal. 
 
 Neruppu, ti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ti. 
 
 Nippu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 JBenki. 
 
 Tu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nebb, dilth. 
 
 Dije. 
 
 Kichchu. 
 
 Kichchu. 
 
 TU, ti. 
 
 Neruppu, thee, kanali. 
 
 Gini. 
 
124 
 
 POISSON— FISCH— FISH— RUIBA— PISCIS. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 
 ■5^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 h 
 
 <; 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 ■« 
 
 ^ 
 
 .1- 
 <; 
 
 f^ 
 
 |«i 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf, . . . 
 
 Gydmi, . . . 
 Gyirung, . . . 
 Td,kpa, . . . 
 Manyak, . . . 
 Thochvi, . . . 
 Sokpa, .... 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {ivriuen), 
 Tibetan (spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . . 
 
 Giirung, . . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thiksya, . . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newir, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 Chhingldngya, 
 NAchhcreng, . 
 Willing, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . . 
 Sing-pdng, . 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, ... 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Tiidiai, . . . 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Matsya, mina,Jhasha. 
 Samak. 
 
 Arrai, arrain^ 
 
 Kala. 
 
 Hal. 
 
 Babik. 
 
 Zeyshi, tzey. 
 
 Thev-zi. 
 
 Dshigason. 
 
 Nlmakha. 
 
 Iwak. 
 
 Ulaiiu 
 
 Ikan. 
 
 Yu. 
 Yit. 
 U. 
 'JVg. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Slwo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Yue. 
 
 Chti-ngyo: 
 
 Gnd, nyd. 
 
 Yu. 
 
 Izhdh. 
 
 Khele. 
 
 Hyd. 
 
 Nyd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnan. 
 
 Td?tgnd. 
 
 Tarnya. 
 
 Dishe. 
 
 Trang-gnd. 
 
 Mdchhd. 
 
 Nyd. 
 
 Gna. 
 
 Gna. 
 
 Gnd-sa. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd-sa. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd, 
 
 Gnd-sa. 
 
 Gno-so. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gno-sa, gno-swe. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd-sa. 
 
 Gnd-sd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Gno. 
 
 Gno. 
 
 Gnd. 
 
 Md-chha. 
 Ma-clihc. 
 Nyo-jd. 
 Nyd, nga. 
 Nd-ngd. 
 Ho. 
 Jlid-in. 
 Gnd-sa. 
 Machheri. 
 
 Gno. 
 Gnyd. 
 
 t 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Nd, gnd. 
 
 t 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Haiyd, hlyii. 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Mdtch. 
 
 fei 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Nd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Nd. 
 
 
 Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Ngid. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Nydle. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Anghd. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kho. 
 
 ,fe 
 
 Ndms'dng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Ngd. 
 
 •*3 ■ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Angu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Angu. 
 
 D 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Engo. 
 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . , 
 
 Orgo. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Tsingd. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Nga. 
 
 K«i 
 a 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 ^gd. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 ^ga. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Ngatt. 
 
 A " 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Mo-i. 
 
 *o 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 Ngho. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . , 
 
 JDdm. 
 
 ^ 
 
 [Sdk, 
 
 Pan-nd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Ka. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . , 
 
 Caret. 
 
 8 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Lita. 
 
 r5 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Pa. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Kd. 
 
 * 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Para, pla. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 Pld'. 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Pd. 
 
 
 .Laos, 
 
 Pd. 
 
 
 fHo(Kol), . . . 
 
 Haku. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Hdku, 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 Kdrseld, hdku, utit (relish) 
 
 
 Bhtimij, .... 
 
 Hai. 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Inj'o. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Hdku. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Min. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Min. 
 
 13 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Min. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ < 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Kciyc. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Koi. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Min. 
 
 to 
 
 Mddia, , , . , 
 
 Min. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Kaku. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Min. 
 
 
 Khond 
 
 Mininga. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 A'yo. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Adddm. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 . Minu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 . Matstso. 
 
 
 'Tamil, anc 
 
 . Puzhal. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 . Min. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Min. 
 
 
 Teliigu,' .... 
 
 Minu, (mod.) cJiepa. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .3 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 Minu. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Tukiva, .... 
 
 . Min. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Toduva, ) . • . 
 Toda, i . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 . Min. 
 
 <<, 
 
 K(5ta, 
 
 . Mine. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 . Minu. 
 
 
 Kurumjja, . . . 
 
 . Minu. 
 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Minu. 
 
 
 Malaljar, .... 
 
 . Min, matcham. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese 
 
 Matsia. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ (Sanskrit, 
 <§, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 .^ 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 
 .s 1 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Milnyak, 
 
 Thoclui, 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {wi-itten), 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Siinw^r, 
 
 Gtlrung, 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirinti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . 
 Khdling, 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . 
 Denwdr, 
 Pahri, . 
 Chepdng, 
 Bhrdmu, 
 Vdyu, . 
 Kuswar, 
 Kusunda, 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 FLEUR—BLUME— FLOWER— TSVYET— FLOS 
 
 
 125 
 
 
 % 
 
 'Bodo, .... 
 
 . . Bibdr. 
 
 
 Pushpa. 
 Zahr. 
 
 1 
 
 ft? 
 
 Dhimdl, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 . Lhep. 
 . Phi'il. 
 
 
 '^J 
 
 Garo, .... 
 
 , Parr. 
 
 
 Lore, hra. 
 
 ^' 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 . Dolong piper. 
 
 
 Kukka. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 
 . Lei. 
 
 
 Virag. 
 
 "2 
 
 MithdnNdgd, . 
 
 . Maipoa. 
 
 
 Chichek. 
 
 1 
 
 ft? 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 Chupeng. 
 
 
 S'oreke. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Taben. 
 
 
 Qvavili. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 . Popu. 
 
 
 Tsitshik. 
 
 .b 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 Chongpo. 
 
 
 Ilkha. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 . Nam. 
 
 
 Keinbang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 . Nolong. 
 
 
 Sekar. 
 
 1 
 5 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 . Apun. 
 
 
 Biinga. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . Apun. 
 
 
 Hwd. 
 Hwd. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 . Ibd. 
 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Siban. 
 
 
 Fd. 
 
 •§' 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 Van. 
 
 
 Hwo. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 . Van. 
 
 
 Hoe. 
 
 4 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 . Pa-pd. 
 
 
 Hana. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 . A-pd. 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 ' , li'a-shyoung. 
 
 
 Pulle. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . 
 
 . Pd-ou. 
 
 
 lOtwd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,Sdk, .... 
 
 A-pdn. 
 
 
 Tan-den. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 ICoung. 
 
 
 Meiiio. 
 
 s 
 
 .Sgaii-karcn, . . 
 
 Paw, phoh. 
 
 
 Afeii/o. 
 
 1 
 
 I'wo-karcn, . . 
 
 J 'aw. 
 
 
 Ldmpd^. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 Ken. 
 
 
 ChicMtk. 
 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 . Mau. 
 
 
 Meto. 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 . Hoa. 
 
 
 Metog. 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 Towkma, dokmai. 
 
 
 Mentok. 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 . Blok. 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 . Mok. 
 
 
 Mcndok. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 . Dok. 
 
 
 Phu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tdh. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 . . Bah. 
 
 
 Mendd 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Bowh. 
 
 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 . . Buhd. 
 
 
 KJU'r • 
 
 Po. 
 
 
 Bhdmij, . . , 
 
 . . Baha. 
 
 
 PhuT 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . . 
 
 . . Phtip. 
 
 
 Sivong. 
 Phiing. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 . . Baha. 
 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 . . Pup. 
 
 
 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 Phul, pungdr. 
 
 
 Bdngwai. 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 . . Pungdr. 
 
 
 B'dngnd. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 . . Pungdr. 
 
 
 Bungwai. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 . . Putd. 
 
 
 PMmg. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 . . PhneL 
 
 
 Bi. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 . . Pungdr, pungdri, puitd. 
 
 
 Bing 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 . . Pungdr. 
 
 
 Phting. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 . . Phul. 
 
 
 PhM. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 . . Phuo. 
 
 
 Biing. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 . . Sdru. 
 
 
 Bdng'ma. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 . . Taraba. 
 
 
 Phiing 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 . Sari. 
 
 
 Biing. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 . Puvvu. 
 
 
 PMmg 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 . PhM. 
 
 
 Bung, biing-wa. 
 
 
 'Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 . Alar. 
 
 
 BUn-wa. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 . Pu. 
 
 
 Pilmmd. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Pdngmd. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 . Pii. 
 
 
 Piing. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 . Puvvu, pi'ivu. 
 
 
 Ph'Al. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 . Puvvu, pi'i. 
 
 
 PMl 
 
 .0 
 
 S5 
 
 Karndtaka, mod.. 
 
 LLuvvu, hiivu. 
 
 
 So-no. 
 Do, TO. 
 
 
 Tuhva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 . Pu. 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 A-wai. 
 
 P'&m-ml, pung-mi. 
 
 Pht'il. 
 
 Gipodn. 
 
 Phul. 
 
 1 
 4 
 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, f . . . 
 Kdta, 
 
 . Puvvu. 
 . Ptif. 
 . Piive. 
 
 
 
 Badaga, . . . . 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 Irula, 
 
 . Hiivu. 
 
 ILuv. 
 . Pu. 
 
 
 Rip. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . . 
 
 . Pu, putpam. 
 
 
 Meittog. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . . . 
 
 Mala, 
 
 
126 
 
 PIED— FUSS-FOOT— NOGA— PES. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 So 
 I 
 
 
 <s 
 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, 
 
 ' Bask, . 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . , . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amov, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 I 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 Gyarang. 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 Thochd, 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written). 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 
 Gilrung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thaksya, . . 
 
 P£khya, . . 
 
 Newir, , . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Ri'ingchenbung, 
 Chhingldngya, 
 Ndchhcrcng, . 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 ])umi, . 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Dirhi, , . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . , 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Pad, pad. 
 Rijl, kadam. 
 
 On, oih. 
 Jalka. 
 Lab. 
 Ayak. 
 Tlako. 
 Perhi, peli. 
 Olmai, kill. 
 
 Beikhe. 
 Sikil. 
 Suht. 
 Kaki. 
 
 Kioh. 
 
 Chio. 
 
 Keuk. 
 
 Kidh. 
 
 K'a. 
 
 Ashi. 
 
 Nath. 
 
 Chya-a. 
 
 Tdmi. 
 
 Lemi. 
 
 Lipchheh. 
 
 Jdko. 
 
 Khoil. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 "SJiangpa. 
 
 Kdngo. 
 
 Kdngo. 
 
 Khivdi. 
 
 BItale. 
 
 Bale. 
 
 Mihil. 
 
 Malethin, male. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pdli. 
 
 Langdaphe. 
 
 U'kMro. 
 
 PMlu. 
 
 T.nngteitima, wiilthiiro, 
 
 JJaiig, \jikhuro. 
 
 La, loplwina. 
 
 Lditgkiitciii. 
 
 Lang-tdpi. 
 
 Losu. 
 
 Long. 
 
 Phetnkhel. 
 
 Kholi-blem. 
 
 Ldng phokma. 
 
 Temmaldng. 
 
 Ldk' phekina. 
 
 Ldii-phdma. 
 
 Sydb, yi'i. 
 
 Sydl. 
 
 Ldng. 
 
 God 
 
 God 
 
 Li. 
 
 La. 
 
 U'n-zik. 
 
 Le. 
 
 Gor. 
 
 Chdn. 
 
 Pdtigo goda. 
 
 Diangliok. 
 Kdnglep. 
 
 I 
 
 0:1 
 I 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 R 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdrai, . . . 
 Kilmi, . . . 
 Mnl v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, , . 
 Laos, . . , 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhumij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolanii, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 'Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malay dl ma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karnataka, mod, 
 Tujuva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I 
 K(5ta, . . , 
 Badaga, . , 
 Kuj-iimba, 
 Iriija, , . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Ydppd. 
 IChokdi. 
 Bhori. 
 Chaplap. 
 Atheng. 
 
 Khiing-pa. 
 Tchyd. 
 Yah-lan. 
 Tachang. 
 Uphi. 
 Dd 
 
 Tatsilng. 
 Tacking. 
 Ale. 
 A'le. 
 Ydpdsu. 
 Lagbng. 
 
 IChre. 
 
 L'Chye, khyd-hlouk. 
 
 LCa-ko. 
 
 A-kho. 
 
 Khou. 
 
 Khouk. 
 
 A-tar. 
 
 Htsihn. 
 ICaw. 
 LCang. 
 Khan. 
 Ten. 
 Shdn. 
 Tenn, tin. 
 Tin. 
 Tin. 
 Tin. 
 LCatta. 
 LCdtd 
 
 Jdnga, kurd, supti-jdnga. 
 Kdtd. 
 Dappe. 
 Kdtd 
 Kev. 
 
 Kalk, kaL 
 Kal 
 ICal 
 Talgatta. 
 '/Ural. 
 KaL 
 
 Kal, erpwugi. 
 Jang. 
 LCaL 
 Vestdmu. 
 Aji. 
 
 Adugesendnu. 
 Medapdti, kern. 
 LChojit. 
 
 Kazhal. 
 
 Adi, pddam. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ati. 
 
 Adiigu, pddanm, kdlu. 
 
 Adi. 
 
 ILejje. 
 
 Pfajji. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Orri. 
 
 Kdl. 
 
 Kdlu. 
 
 ICdlu. 
 
 Kdlu. 
 
 Lain. 
 
 LCdl, pdthain, thdl, acie. 
 
 Paya, 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 CHEVRE—ZIEGE— GOAT— KOZEL— CAPER. 
 
 127 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ (Sanskrit, 
 <! (Arabic, . 
 
 
 o 
 
 t 
 
 > 
 
 I 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 Magyar, .... 
 Turkish,. . . . 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay, .... 
 
 I 
 
 f.^ 
 
 05 
 
 Chhdga. 
 Maaz. 
 
 Auniz. 
 
 Kauris. 
 
 Kcoskc. 
 
 Kechi. 
 
 Tshenney. 
 
 Thkhavi. 
 
 Ilmaghan, imaghan. 
 
 Nitnan. 
 
 Wedus. 
 
 Menda. 
 
 Kambing. 
 
 Shdn-yang. 
 Skdn-yang. 
 Shdn-yeong. 
 San-ydng. 
 Mn. 
 Yagi. 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 'Gyimi, CMlyii. 
 
 Gydrung, ..... Kiis-so. 
 
 Tdkpa, M. 
 
 Mtlnyak, 7.Uk. 
 
 Thochii, Tsdh. 
 
 Sokpa, Yd-md. 
 
 Horpa, Ckke. 
 
 Tibetan {written), . . Rd. 
 
 Tibetan {spofien)^ . . . Rd. 
 
 Serpa, Rd. 
 
 Stinwdr, ..... Charsye. 
 
 Gtirung, Ra. 
 
 Miirmi, Rd. 
 
 Magar, ..... Rha. 
 
 Thiksya, Rdma. 
 
 P^khya, Boko. 
 
 Newdr, ..... Chole. 
 
 Limbu, Menda. 
 
 ' Kirdnti, Ckhengdr. 
 
 Rodong, Chhong-gara. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . , . Chheng-gara. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Mendiba. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Chhdngara. 
 
 Wiling, Bdkara. 
 
 Ydkha, Mengthibak. 
 
 Chourisya, .... Sdngara. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Chhdng-gara. ■ 
 
 Tliulungya, .... Chhwdnra. 
 
 BAhingya, Song^ gara. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Mithuba. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Mendi. 
 
 BiMli, Mithibd. 
 
 Sing-ping, .... Chhdn'-gara. 
 
 Ddmi, Grot, chan'gur. 
 
 Khiling, Grodyd. 
 
 Dungmili, .... Chhdgar. 
 
 Dirhi, Chdg-ri, cha-g-ri. 
 
 Denwir, Chd-gdr, cha-ga-r. 
 
 Pahri, Chd-ld. 
 
 Cheping, Me-syd, mi-chd. 
 
 Bhrimu, Mi-chha, mi-ch-ya. 
 
 "Viyu, Chi-li. 
 
 Kuswar, Chd-gctri, cha-ga-ri. 
 
 Kusunda, M'tj'ha. 
 
 Thiru, Chkegadi. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Saar. 
 
 Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . . Rdh, 
 
 
 I 
 
 ^5 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 
 Bodo Biirmd. 
 
 Dhimil, E echd. 
 
 Kocch, Chdgol, bdkri, pdtha, 
 
 Garo, PHriin. 
 
 Kdchiri, Borma. 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 MIthin Nigi, . 
 Tablung Nigi, . 
 Khiri Nigi, . . 
 Angimi Nigi, . 
 Nimsing Nigi, . 
 Nowgong Nigi, 
 Tengsa Nigi, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsigar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman (writtm), 
 Burman {spo/im), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kimi, .... 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Mnl V. Toung, . 
 Sik, .... 
 
 Humeng. 
 Ron. 
 Yun. 
 Nabong. 
 Tanii. 
 Kien. 
 Nabung. 
 Nabung. 
 Shuben. 
 Sdgoli. . 
 Lipeduru. 
 Bainam. 
 
 Chhit. 
 
 Sheik, hlsiet. 
 
 Ma. 
 
 Tso-be. 
 
 Mi-e. 
 
 Ta-rau-a. 
 
 Ki-bi. 
 
 Khapa. 
 
 Mai-fdi-lai, mi-tel-kh. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Bay. 
 
 Pd. 
 
 m. 
 
 bodd (male), chadi 
 [(bridal gift). 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . 
 Sgau-karcn, . , . 
 I'wo-karcn, . , 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Shin, 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Siamese, Hpd,pe. 
 
 Ahom, Pengd. 
 
 Khimti, Pe. 
 
 Laos, Pe. 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol) Merom. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Merant. 
 
 Santili Merom, 
 
 Bhdmij, Merant, 
 
 Urion, Era. 
 
 Mundala, Meram. 
 
 Rijmahali, .... Kre. 
 
 Gondi, Bokra,bokadal{Ta.);yetti{i.). 
 
 Gayeti, Bokadal (ra.) ; yeti, here If.). 
 
 Rutluk Bukaral (m.) ; edi (f.). 
 
 Naikude, Meka. 
 
 Kolami, Meke. 
 
 Midi, Bokada (m.) ; yatti {(.). 
 
 Midia, Bd/ii. 
 
 Kuri, Bongara, siri. 
 
 Keikidi, Ad. 
 
 Khond, Vodangd. 
 
 Sivara, Kimc. 
 
 Gadaba, Yimmc. 
 
 I Yerukala, A'du. 
 
 [ Chentsu, Chheli. 
 
 Tamil, anc, .... Vellei. 
 
 Tamil, mod., .... A du. 
 
 Malayijma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malayiima, mod., . . Velldta. 
 
 Telugu, Meka. 
 
 Karnitaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karnitaka, mod., . . Kuri. 
 
 Tuluva, E'dti. 
 
 Kurgi, Kuri. 
 
 Toduva,) .... A dr. 
 
 Toda, ) . . . . A'du. 
 
 Kdta, Adu. 
 
 Baraga, Adu. 
 
 Kurumba, .... A'du. 
 
 Irak, Adu. 
 
 Malabar, Adu, velladu. 
 
 Sinhalese, Elud. 
 
128 
 
 CHEVEU— HAAR— HAIR— VOLOS— CRINIS. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 % 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Khanai, khomon. 
 
 ■•S (Sanskrit, . . 
 "I, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 
 Xes'a. 
 Shaar. 
 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 Kocch, .... 
 Garo, ..... 
 
 MM-tu, moishu, Jioshom. 
 Chilli, rom. 
 Kaman, houni. 
 
 
 Bask, .... 
 
 
 
 Jlle, ule, bilo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Kumnn. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hiwus. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Thum. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 
 
 Hajak. 
 
 '^' 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kho. 
 
 go 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 
 
 Sack. 
 
 lo 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Min, su. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, , . 
 
 
 
 Shatzey, skahtsi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Kwd. 
 
 5 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 
 
 Thma. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Atsiithd. 
 
 ■§, 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Usoii, iisun. 
 
 i • 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kacho. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Funiyekhe. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Ko. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 
 Rainbut. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Ku. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 
 Rema. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Dumit. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . , 
 
 
 Ramhut. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Dumed. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Fah, nidou. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Kin. 
 Kard. 
 
 bri 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Fa, mdoii. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 s' 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Fat, mb. 
 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 Chhangbang. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Deu-feh. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 S'haben, htsaben. 
 
 'i^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Mng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Lu-sdm. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Kami, ke. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 A-s'hdm. 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 Shdm. 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 
 
 Pishkoti. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . . 
 
 S'hdm. 
 
 "^j 
 
 Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Thoti-phwd. 
 
 fc 
 ^ 
 
 ^Sdlc, 
 
 Kumi. 
 
 En 
 
 Gydning, . . 
 
 
 
 Tar-n'i. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Swet. 
 
 h 
 
 Tikpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Pu; krd (of the head). 
 
 S 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Ko-thu, kho-thu. 
 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Mui; tsi (of tlie head). 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Kii-thu. 
 
 ■■a 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 
 
 Hompd, grong; kachu (of 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Ta-lu. 
 
 i 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kkhlge. [the head). 
 
 f^. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Khon-ho. 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Spt'i. 
 
 h 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Tok. 
 
 ,1 
 
 Tibetan {wriiU'/i), 
 
 
 
 %krd, spit. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Hpohn, phoni. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (sMfu), 
 
 
 
 211, krd. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 PJiritm. 
 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdrati, .... 
 
 Phom. 
 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Td. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Phom. 
 
 "S 
 
 Silnwdr, . . 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 TVIilrmi 
 
 
 
 Chang. 
 
 Moi. 
 
 Krd. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singhbhura), . 
 
 up. 
 
 Ub. 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 Pikhya, . . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Chhain. 
 Chham. 
 Rdwa. 
 Song. 
 . Thagi. 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 Urdon, .... 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 Gondi, 
 
 Ub, up, hdid. 
 
 Ub. 
 
 Chutti. 
 
 up. 
 
 Tali. 
 Robdng, chiiti. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . . 
 
 
 
 Mod. 
 
 g 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Chiiti. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 Mils' ya, twoni(. 
 
 's 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Roba-chiiti. 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 
 
 . Md-a. 
 
 
 Naikudc 
 
 711. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Tang' phi'(kwa. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Til. 
 
 
 Ndchliereng, . 
 
 
 
 Taa sdiii. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Kclkti. 
 
 t 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Tdiig-mi'iwa. 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Kalak. 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Tdng-phdng-wa. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Katha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 Som. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Meir. 
 
 a 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Mt'ii, tosiiin. 
 
 
 Khond, ..... 
 
 Tldmberakha. 
 
 §■ 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 . Sem, swem. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Avu. 
 
 t? 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Chdni, sihig. 
 
 
 Gadaba 
 
 Jarli. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lohorong, . 
 
 
 
 Tagna\ mih\ 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Vondti, mogurti. 
 
 '1 
 
 (3 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 . Mi'mg, tang-phi'ikwa. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Kerns. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BiWli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tagnd, chdmi, niung. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . . 
 
 Kuzhal. 
 
 Sing-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Mi'i-wa, idmusdm. 
 
 
 Tamil, ™od., . , . 
 
 Mayir, meir. 
 
 
 Diimi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dosuin, vsom. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Umarsaiii, dosamusam. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod, . 
 
 Talanniti. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 . Mi'i-a. 
 
 
 Telugii, .... 
 
 Ventnika. 
 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 . ndr. 
 
 
 Kariidtaka, nnc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Bdr. 
 Sou. 
 
 .■3 
 
 JCarndtaka, mod., , 
 Tukiva, .... 
 
 Ki'idalii. 
 Kiidalii. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 . Men. 
 
 i 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Grama. 
 
 1 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 Sydm. 
 Song, siuom. 
 . Bdr. 
 
 Toduva,) . . , 
 Toda, [ , . . 
 K6ta, 
 
 Mir. 
 Mir. 
 Mire. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . , 
 
 
 
 Gyai-i. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Mande, kudalu. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Bdr. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . 
 
 Ki'i'dalu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Iruk, 
 
 Meirti. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 . Achom, a-clwin. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . : . 
 
 Mayir, romam.. 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhoj 
 
 )a. 
 
 
 . Kya. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, .... 
 
 . Kes. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 MAIN— HAND— HAND— RUKA—MANUS. 
 
 129 
 
 Types. 
 
 ^ 
 
 % 
 
 (Sanskrit, . . . 
 
 Hasia, pdni. 
 
 ■\ (Arabic 
 
 . Yidd. 
 
 s 
 
 [■ Bask, 
 
 . Escu. 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 . /Cast. 
 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 . Kez. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 . Yel. 
 
 'f 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 . Euyg, eh. 
 
 a 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 . Heli, kheli. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 
 . Ghar. 
 
 C) 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 . Gala. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Tangan. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Tangan. 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Tdngan. 
 
 
 [■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 . Shau. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Shau. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 SRau. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . Seu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 . Chii. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 . Te. 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 . JDii. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ' Gyiimi, .... 
 
 Syii, syeu. 
 
 i^ 
 
 Gycirung, .... 
 
 . Ta-yak. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 . Ld. 
 
 l^ 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 Ldp-cheli. 
 
 K 
 
 Thochil, .... 
 
 . Jipah. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 . Kar. 
 
 5^ 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 . Lhd. 
 
 .Si 
 
 Tibetan {■wHtten), . 
 
 . Ldg-pd. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (sfoken), . . 
 
 Ldngo. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 . Ldngo. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Sdnwdr, .... 
 
 Table, gwi. 
 
 % 
 
 Giirung, .... 
 
 . Laptd. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Mdrmi, .... 
 
 Yd. 
 
 *s , 
 
 Magar, .... 
 
 H'it-pihk. 
 
 1 
 
 Thdksya, .... 
 P^khya, .... 
 
 Ydydthin. 
 Hatkela. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, .... 
 
 Pa-ldhd. 
 
 
 ■Limbu, .... 
 
 Huktdphe. 
 
 
 f Kir^nti, .... 
 
 Chiiktipketnd. 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 ChMku-phema. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 
 ClMikhu-phema 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 MM. 
 
 > 
 
 N^chhereng, . . . 
 
 HM. 
 
 ,i 
 
 Wiling, .... 
 
 Ckhiik. 
 
 < 
 
 Ydkha, .... 
 
 Miiktdpi. 
 
 a 
 
 Chourisya, . . . 
 
 Ld. 
 
 N 
 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 
 Hiih' phdma. 
 
 ^1 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Lwdblem. 
 
 ;^^ 
 
 Bdhingya, .... 
 
 Glib lent. 
 
 <1 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 liuJi-phekma. 
 
 ? 
 
 Lambichhong, . . 
 
 Temma-mik. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, 
 
 Uiphek'-ma. 
 
 
 S^ng-p^ng, . . . . 
 
 HuK-phdma. 
 
 
 Ddmi, 
 
 Khar, khiir. 
 
 
 Khiling, 
 
 Phlemkhar. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . . . . 
 
 ChhAk. 
 
 
 Dirhi, 
 
 Ildt. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, 
 
 Hdth. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Ld. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Cheping, 
 
 lat-t, M-tpa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bhr^mu, 
 
 Bhi-t. 
 
 F^ 
 
 Vdyu, 
 
 Got. 
 
 P 
 
 Kuswar, 
 
 Hdth. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, 
 
 Gipan. 
 
 =^ 
 
 Th^ru,. ...".. 
 
 Tar-hatti. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 ICaliok. 
 
 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, . . 
 
 Ldppa. 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndg.i, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 IVo-knren, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 AnnaiTiitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gad aba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndfaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tujuva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I . 
 K(5ta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 KurumlDa, 
 Iruk, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Akhai, ndkhai. 
 
 Khur. 
 
 Hdth. 
 
 Chdkreng. 
 
 {])a.\m)nashitola, nashinaka. 
 
 Khiit-pdk. 
 
 Chak. 
 
 Yak. 
 
 Tak-hct. 
 
 Abi. 
 
 Dak. 
 
 Tekhd. 
 
 Tekhdt. 
 
 Aldk. 
 
 Eldg 
 
 O'tim. 
 
 Lettd. 
 
 Lak. 
 
 Let 
 
 Kuth. 
 
 A-ku. 
 
 Ka. 
 
 Rut. 
 
 Ta-ku. 
 
 Tway. 
 
 Su, tsu. 
 
 Sit. 
 
 S/t. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Tay. 
 
 Mo, mu. 
 
 Khd. 
 
 Mil. 
 
 Mii. 
 
 n. 
 
 Thi. 
 
 Ti, luld, tdlakhd = palms. 
 
 Thi. 
 
 Khekhdh. 
 
 Tihi. 
 
 Sesti. 
 
 Kaik, kyk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kdju. 
 
 Asi. 
 
 Titti. 
 
 Kayi, ki. 
 
 Hdt. 
 
 Tol (?). 
 
 Kai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kai. 
 
 Cheyyi. 
 
 Tol (?). 
 
 Kayi. 
 
 Kai. 
 
 Kei. 
 
 Kayi. 
 
 Koi. 
 
 Kei. 
 
 Kei. 
 
 Kei. 
 
 Kei. 
 
 Kai, karam, at-tham, 
 
 Ata. 
 
X30 
 
 TETE— KO PF— H E A D—GOLOVA— CAPUT. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 K 
 * 
 
 u 
 
 t 
 
 t 
 I 
 
 ! 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, 
 i (.Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 'S' Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydning, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {wrUtm) 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Sdnw^, 
 Giirung, 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 Riingchenbui 
 Chhingtdngyi 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Witling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . , 
 Khdling, _ . 
 _ Dungradli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Paliri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 
 ft5 
 
 'Siras. 
 Rds. 
 
 Burn. 
 
 Fad. 
 
 Fej. 
 
 Bash. 
 
 Tshkha. 
 
 Thavi. 
 
 Tologhai. 
 
 Udshu, utshu. 
 
 Endas. 
 
 Sirah. 
 
 Kapdla. 
 
 T'au. 
 
 T'au. 
 
 Tau. 
 
 Deu. 
 
 Tail. 
 
 Atatna. 
 
 Kdtimb. 
 
 Than. 
 Ta-ko. 
 Gok-ti. 
 Wiilli. 
 Kapat. 
 Thold-gwe. 
 Gho. 
 Mso. 
 Go. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Piyd. 
 
 Krd. 
 
 Thobo. 
 
 Mi-tdlu. 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Manio. 
 
 Chhon. 
 
 Thagek. 
 
 Tdng. 
 
 Tdklo, tak-lo. 
 
 Tdng, ett-tdng. 
 
 Tdiit:;. 
 
 Tdk-lo. 
 
 Tdng. 
 
 Tukh-rAli, 
 
 PhiUiri. 
 
 Tong 
 
 Bui. 
 
 Piya. 
 
 TdkhroM, 
 
 Tdng. 
 
 Tdkh-lo. 
 
 Tdkhulo. 
 
 Dho7ig, dakhlok. 
 
 U-dhong. 
 
 Tdng, um-tdng. 
 
 Mud. 
 
 Mu-dek. 
 
 Chhe. 
 
 Td-to-long. 
 
 Kd-pd. 
 
 Fii-chhi. 
 
 Kd-pd. 
 
 Chipi. 
 
 Mudi. 
 
 Athiak. 
 Gutoh. 
 
 tukliuri'ik, ti'i 
 [kkruk. 
 
 ning-tang-wa, 
 \tmimnima. 
 
 s \ 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 •§ 
 >> 
 
 ' Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, , 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mru v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, ■ . 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhumij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Rdjmahali; 
 
 Gondi, . 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naikiule, 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 Tami], anc, 
 Tamij, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlnja, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mo<l., 
 'l'u|uva, 
 Kurgi, . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . 
 Malabar, 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Khoro. 
 Puring. 
 Mura. 
 Dakam, 
 Khoro, koro. 
 
 Moko. 
 
 Khang. 
 
 Sdng. 
 
 Telim. 
 
 Atsii. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 Takoldk. 
 
 Teko. 
 
 Tuku, mittuk. 
 
 Mittub. 
 
 Gubong. 
 
 Bong. 
 
 Y^ong. 
 
 Ghaung, o-hkaung. 
 
 Lu. 
 
 A-lu. 
 
 A-lu. 
 
 Lu. 
 
 A-khu. 
 
 Katau. 
 
 Ko, hko. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Katu. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 D&u. 
 
 Kainon, hoa. 
 
 Ru. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Bo. 
 Bu. 
 
 Bttho, baha. 
 Buho. 
 Kuk. 
 Bhuo. 
 Kupe. 
 Talla, tald. 
 Tald. 
 Tald. 
 Tal. 
 Kiipdl. 
 Tald, talai. 
 Tald. 
 Dui. 
 Talkai. 
 Tldvu. 
 
 Abobumv, abtimv. 
 Bo. 
 
 Vondu, talayi. 
 Miind. 
 
 Senni. 
 
 Talei, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tala. 
 
 Tala. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Tale. 
 
 Tare. 
 
 Mam/c. 
 
 Mud'd. 
 
 Ma'dd. 
 
 Mande. 
 
 Maude, tdle. 
 
 Mande. 
 
 Tele. 
 
 Thalei, siram. 
 
 Olua. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 COCHON— SCHWEIN— HOG— SVINYA— SUS. 
 
 131 
 
 I 
 
 
 i 
 
 'Stikara. 
 Khanzir, 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, . . . 
 (Arabic, .... 
 
 ■^•'^s^j Cherri, charri, y'erri, urde. 
 
 Finnic, Orasa. 
 
 Magyar, Malac. 
 
 Turkish, Domuz. 
 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . . , 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, , 
 
 Koh. 
 Gori. 
 Khaban. 
 Ulghiyan. 
 Babi. 
 Babi. 
 
 Malay, Bdbi. 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . . Chii. 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . . Ch-ii. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . . Chii. 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, . Tsz'-lu. 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . . Ti, 
 
 Japanese, .... Buita. 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 
 I 
 
 Gydmi, . . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 
 Titkpa, . . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 
 Thochii, . . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Siinw^r, . . . 
 
 Gdrung, . . . 
 
 Milrmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thiksya, . . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 I 
 
 ■■a 
 
 t 
 
 f^ 
 
 I 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, .. . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chour^sya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, ... 
 Sdng-pdng, . , 
 Ddmi, . . . , 
 Khdling, . . , 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 { Ddrhi, . . . , 
 
 Denwdr, . . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 Bhrlmu, . . . 
 
 VAyu, . . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 
 Thdru,. . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Ki. 
 Phd. 
 Wdh. 
 Pi. 
 
 KM-khai. 
 Vdh. 
 Phag. 
 Phak-pa, phak. 
 
 Phak. 
 Po. 
 Till. 
 
 Dhwd. ■'" 
 
 Wak. 
 Till. 
 Har'ra. 
 Pha. 
 Phag. 
 
 Bhag. 
 
 Bo. 
 
 Bd, ydngbd (wild hog). 
 
 Phak. 
 
 Bo-o. 
 
 Bok, phd, khong. 
 
 Phdk. 
 
 Pd. 
 
 Bo-o. 
 
 Bwd, bo. 
 
 Po. 
 
 Bd, bak, bag\ 
 
 Phdk. 
 
 Bdh\ 
 
 Bhd. 
 
 Po, pwo. 
 
 Po. 
 
 Pdk,pd. 
 
 S^-er. 
 Sii-gHr. 
 Pho. 
 
 Pyd, pydk. 
 Pak-syd. 
 Pog, pok. 
 Sii-ri. 
 Hi, yasa. 
 Suwar. 
 
 Mon. 
 Phagpo. 
 
 I 
 
 
 'in 
 
 I 
 
 ft) 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 h 
 I 
 
 4 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhim£, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, . 
 Mfthin Ndg4 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndg4 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, ... 
 Mnl V. Toung, 
 Sik, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, ... 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), , 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhtlmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 M^dia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikidi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, , . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tami], anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karnd,taka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, ... . 
 Tocluva, I 
 Toda, j" 
 Kdta, . . , 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . .' 
 
 Yoma. 
 
 Pdyd. 
 
 Siivar,pangdr,pathi (sow). 
 
 Vak. 
 
 Oina. 
 
 Ok. 
 Vak. 
 Ak. 
 Auk. 
 Thavo. 
 Vak. 
 A'k. 
 A'k. 
 Yiiek. 
 Eyeg. 
 Chu. 
 Wd. 
 
 Wak. 
 
 Wei. 
 
 Weuk. 
 
 O. 
 
 A-ou. 
 
 Ta-pdk. • 
 
 Vdk. 
 
 ICalet. 
 
 To, tho. 
 
 Toh, htu. 
 
 Htau. 
 
 Mu. 
 
 Heo. 
 
 Mu. 
 
 Mu. 
 
 Mu. 
 
 Mu. 
 
 Sukrl. 
 
 Sukri. 
 
 Kudu, sukuri. 
 
 Sukri. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Sukri. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Paddi, padi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Padi. 
 
 Turre. 
 
 Turre. 
 
 Paddi, patti. 
 
 Pahi. 
 
 Chukadi. 
 
 Pani. 
 
 Pajji. 
 
 Kimbo. 
 
 Gibbi. 
 
 Pandri. 
 
 Suwar, ghusiri. 
 
 Kezhal. 
 Panri, panni. 
 Caret. 
 Panni. 
 Pandi. 
 Pandi. 
 Handi. 
 Panji. 
 Pandi. 
 Caret. 
 Pandij. 
 Panje. 
 Handij. 
 Handij. 
 Pani, panni. 
 Pandi, siikaram. 
 ITrd. 
 
132 
 
 CORNE— HORN— HORN— ROG—CORNU. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, 
 i (Arabic, . 
 
 •3 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 Magyar, .... 
 Turkish, .... 
 Circassian, . . . 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay, . . . . 
 
 ' Sringa. 
 Korn. 
 
 Adar. 
 
 Sarwi. 
 
 Card. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Eber. 
 
 Uikhe, %nke. 
 
 Stcngu. 
 
 Singat. 
 
 Tanduk. 
 
 Koh. 
 
 Ko. 
 
 Kok. 
 
 Koh. 
 
 Kak. 
 
 Tstirw. 
 
 h 
 
 l\ 
 
 .^ 
 
 I- 
 
 
 tt) 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 ' Gydmi, Tiko. 
 
 Gydrung Ta-rii. 
 
 Takpa, . ... Ru-ba. 
 
 Mdnyak, Jii'i-bu. 
 
 Thochu, Jiak. 
 
 Sokpa, Ye-bour. 
 
 Hori^a, K-riim-bo. 
 
 Tibetan [written), . . Rd. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Rdjo. 
 
 'Serpa, ArkyoJi. 
 
 Siinwir, Gtiro. 
 
 Giirung, Ru. 
 
 Miirmi, Rhi'i. 
 
 Magar, Mirhdng. 
 
 Thdksya, Ru. 
 
 Pdkhya, Sing. 
 
 Newdr, Neku. 
 
 Limbu, Tang. 
 
 ' Kirdnti, Us-dngd. 
 
 Rodong, Rung, totig, um-tong. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Usan^ga. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Sing'ga. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Td-d. 
 
 Wdling, Khu-uiig-tdng 
 
 Ydkha, Itdiig 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Roso. 
 
 Kulungya, .... U'wpitta, pitta. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Rdng, um rdng. 
 
 Bdhingya, G-ro-ng, grong. 
 
 Lohorong Tang, kisa tang (deer's). 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Singa. 
 
 Bdldli, Sdtdng. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Tdn, wntdn. 
 
 Durai, Grong, gro. 
 
 Khdling, Ughrong. 
 
 _ Dungmdli, . . 
 
 ' Ddrhi, Sing. 
 
 Denwdr, Sing. 
 
 Pahri, Mhu-ni. 
 
 Cbepdng, Ro-ng. 
 
 Ehrdmu, U'-nyd, un-yu. 
 
 Vdyu, Rit-ng. 
 
 Kuswar, Sing-ek. 
 
 Kusunda, Iping-jing. 
 
 Thdni, Sing. 
 
 Lei)cha (Sikkim), . . Arong, a-rodg. 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . . Rou. 
 
 tainmi khak. 
 
 Khi'ikmutdng. 
 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Gong. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 . Ddng. 
 
 =q 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 . SingA, khdg (of a rhino- 
 
 t«^ 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Korong [khorong f) . [ceros) . 
 
 ^ - 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 Munipuri, , . 
 
 
 
 Gong. 
 Suji. 
 
 "?i 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Rang. 
 
 & 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Wong. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 
 Tih. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Pokhye. 
 
 .fc 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Rang. 
 
 s 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tazzii. 
 
 tt; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Tai. 
 
 is 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 A'reng. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 
 A'reng. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Nu. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . . 
 
 
 Rung. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman [written). 
 
 
 Khyo. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman [spoken), . 
 
 
 Ghyo, gyo. 
 
 =5 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 A-kyi. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 At-ta-ki. 
 
 s 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Ta-ki. 
 
 
 Mru v, Toung, . 
 
 
 A-ndrtg. 
 
 
 ,Sdk, .... 
 
 
 A-rung. 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, . 
 
 
 ICareng. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 
 Nir, ner, tha-nah. 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Nong. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Nung. 
 
 J 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Khoung. 
 
 1 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 Sa'ng. 
 
 <6 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 Khoung, khau. 
 
 s 
 
 13 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Khau. 
 
 <^ 
 
 Khdmti, . , . 
 
 
 Khau. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Khau. 
 
 
 r Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Sakwa. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Dring. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Dcreng, daring. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 
 Derring. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Mdrag. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 . Daring. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 . Mdrg. 
 
 
 Gondi, , . . . 
 
 
 Singh, kor ; kokak (pi.). 
 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 . Kor ; kohak (pi.). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Singi-kor. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Naikude, . .■ . 
 
 
 . Komul. 
 
 s 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 . Pedata. 
 
 r^ 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 . Kor, korru ; kohak, baraya 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 . Caret [(pi.). 
 
 
 Kuri 
 
 
 . Singi. 
 
 
 Keikddi, , . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Kosko. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 . Ajig7ia. 
 
 
 Gadaba, , , . 
 
 
 . Nirri. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 
 
 Kommu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 . Sing. 
 
 
 f Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 
 . Kbdu. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 
 JCombu. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod,, 
 
 
 Komba. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 ICotnmu. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ."3 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 . Kbdu, kombu. 
 
 '-'i 
 
 Tuluva, . , , 
 
 
 Kombu. 
 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Toduva, 
 Toda, 
 
 
 
 Kurr. 
 Kuar. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 . Khobe (liobe 1). 
 
 Khodu, khombu {kodu ?). 
 Khombu Uionibu ')). 
 Khombu \kombu '1). 
 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Kombu, kodu (Idwmbu 1), 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Anga. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 CHEVAL-PFERD— HORSE— LOSHAD (KON)— EQUUS. 
 
 ^33 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■5 (Sanskrit, . . , 
 <§, (Arabic, .... 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 Magyar, .... 
 Turkish, .... 
 Circassian, . , , 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, ... . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 Malay, .... 
 
 ^0 
 
 I 
 
 ■fe^ 
 
 I 
 
 I- 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, , 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . , . 
 
 Brahuf, Huli. 
 
 Gydmi, . . , 
 
 Gyirung, . . , 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Miinyak, . . , 
 
 Thochd, . . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . , 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 ^ Tibetan {spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Siinvvir, . . . 
 
 Gtirung, . . . 
 
 Milrmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thdksya, . , . 
 
 Pjtkhya, . . . 
 
 Newd,r, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 Yii^dn, faras = mare. 
 
 Zaldi. 
 
 Hepo. 
 
 Lo. 
 
 At. 
 
 Shey, tziu* ascia,* belgan.* 
 
 Tskheni. 
 
 Morin, junta,X kinakin. || 
 
 Mori, junta.* 
 
 Jdran. 
 
 Kapal. 
 
 Kuda. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Be. 
 
 M'ma. 
 
 ' Kir£lnti, . . , 
 
 Rodong, . . . 
 Rdngchenbung, . 
 
 Chhingtingya, . 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . 
 
 Wiling, . . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . . 
 
 Chourisya, . . 
 
 Kulungya, , . 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Lohorong, . . 
 
 Lambichhong, . 
 
 Bdldli, . . . . 
 
 Sing-pdng, . . 
 
 Diimi, . . . . 
 
 Khdling, . . . 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . . 
 
 Denwir, . . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 
 Thiru,. . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhtitdni v, Lhopa, 
 
 Md. 
 
 J3o-roh. 
 
 Teh. ' 
 
 Bo-roh, broh. 
 
 Roh. 
 
 Md-ri. 
 
 Rhl, ryi. 
 
 Rtd. 
 
 Td. 
 
 Td. 
 
 Ghora. 
 
 Ghora. 
 
 Td. 
 
 Ghora. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sala. 
 
 On. 
 
 Ghora. 
 
 Ghodd. 
 Ghodd. 
 Ghodd. 
 Ghodd. 
 Ghodd. 
 O'n.' 
 Ghodd. 
 Ghoda. 
 Ghodd. 
 Ghoda. 
 En. 
 Ghoda. 
 Yen, eiin. 
 Fh-^n, yempa. 
 Ghoiia. 
 Ghora. 
 Ghoda. 
 
 Ghoro. 
 
 Ghora. 
 
 Sa-ro. 
 
 Se-rang. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ghora. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 On. 
 Tdh. 
 
 0=1 
 
 I 
 
 ft? 
 
 I 
 
 4. 
 
 8 
 
 'Bodo, Korai. 
 
 Dhimdl, Onhyd. 
 
 Kocch, Ghora. 
 
 Garo, Ghora. 
 
 Kdchdri, Ghorai. 
 
 ' Munipuri, Sagol. 
 
 Mfthdn Ncigfi, 
 Tablung Ndgi, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 Man, mok. 
 
 Kowai. 
 
 Ktingri. 
 
 Chekwir. 
 
 Mok. 
 
 Kor. 
 
 Kurt. 
 
 Gore. 
 
 Gure. 
 
 Gori. 
 
 Singpho, Gu-mrang. 
 
 ' Burman [written), . . Mrang. 
 
 Burman (spoken), . . Myen, myin. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shoii, , . Slie. 
 
 Kdmi, Ta-phu. 
 
 Kiimi, Koung-ngti. 
 
 Ko-ra-ngd. 
 Sapu. 
 
 Chivay. 
 
 K'tha, kathay, kathi. 
 
 Thi. 
 
 Thay. 
 
 Ma. 
 
 Ngii'a. 
 
 Mrii v. Toung, 
 [Sdk, .... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 Siamese, Md 
 
 •Ahom, Md. 
 
 Khdmti, Md. 
 
 _ Laos, Md. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), .... Sddom. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sadham. 
 
 Santdli, Sddom, sadliam. 
 
 Bhtimij, Sadham. 
 
 Urdon, Ghoro. 
 
 Mundala Sadam. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Goro. 
 
 Gondi, Kondand (?), kodd. 
 
 Gayeti, Kodd. 
 
 Rutluk, Kodd. 
 
 Naikude, Gurram. 
 
 Kolami, Gurram. 
 
 Mddi, Kodd, gudd. 
 
 Mddia, Kodd. 
 
 Kuri, Ghoji. 
 
 Keikddi, Kudara. 
 
 Khond, Godd. 
 
 Sdvara, Kudata. 
 
 Gadaba, Kirtydm. 
 
 Yerukala, Kudara. 
 
 Chentsu, Ghodo. 
 
 ' Tamij, anc, .... Pdymd. 
 
 Tamij, mod,, .... Kudirei. 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Kutira. 
 
 Telugu, Gurramu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Kudure. 
 
 Tu'iuva, Kudare. 
 
 Kurgi, Kudre. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Kadar. 
 
 Toda, ) .... Kadarae. 
 
 Kdta, Kudare. 
 
 Badaga, Kuditre. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Kudure. 
 
 Iruja, Kudure. 
 
 Malabar, Kutherei, pari, asuvam. 
 
 Sinhalese, Aswayd. 
 
134 
 
 MAISON—HAUS— HOUSE— DOM— DOMUS. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Griha, vdstu, ve^man. 
 Beit. 
 
 go 
 
 3 
 
 ' Bask, Eche, iche. 
 
 Finnic, Huonet. 
 
 Magyar, Haz. 
 
 Turkish, Ev. 
 
 % 
 
 lo 
 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, . . . 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 Mantshu, , . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Malay, Ri'itnah. 
 
 Wimey, ruck,* kail.* 
 
 Sakhli,paihat.* 
 
 Ger, baising, ineran.\\ 
 
 Boo,fanfa.* 
 
 Umah. 
 
 Griya. 
 
 .■^ 
 
 I 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 Uh. 
 
 Wu. 
 
 Uk. 
 
 Vong-ts^ . 
 
 CKu. 
 
 lye. 
 
 Urd. 
 
 Gydmi, Shhangcha. 
 
 Gyirung, Chheni. 
 
 Tdkpa, Khem. 
 
 Mdnyak, Nyeh. 
 
 Thochu, Kih. 
 
 Sokpa, Fd-sydng. 
 
 Horpa, ffyo. 
 
 Tibetan (im-Hten), . . Khyim. 
 
 Tibetan ispoken), . . . Ndng. 
 
 ■ Serpa, Khdngbd. 
 
 Sunwdr, Khi. 
 
 Giirung, Tin. 
 
 Miirmi, Dhini. 
 
 Magar, Yum. 
 
 Thdksya, Ghim. 
 
 Pdkhya, Ghar. 
 
 Newdr, Chhen. 
 
 Limbu, Him. 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, Khim. 
 
 Rodong, Khim. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Khim. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Khim. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Khim. 
 
 Wdling, Khim. 
 
 Ydkha, Pdng. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Kudu. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Khim. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Nem. 
 
 Bdhingya, Khim. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Khim. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Khim. 
 
 BdMli, Khi7n. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Khim. 
 
 Diimi, Kdm, kirn. 
 
 Khdling, Kdm. 
 
 ^Dungmdli, .... Khim. 
 
 ' Ddrhi, Ghar. 
 
 Denwdr, Ghm-. 
 
 Pahri, Chen. 
 
 Chepdng, Tim, kyim. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Nam. 
 
 Vdyu, Kim, kern. 
 
 Kuswar, Ghara. 
 
 Kusunda, Bdhi. 
 
 Thdru, Ghar. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Li. 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, . . Khyim. 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 "9 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 KhdriNdgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, 
 
 Burman [written], 
 Burman [spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kiimi, .... 
 Mrii V. Toung, . 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhilmij, . . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 Gondi, . . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia,. . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . , 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tamil, ^'^'^•t • 
 Tamil, mod., . , 
 Malaydlma, .inc., 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tukva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Tod a, f . , 
 Kdta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 Irula, .... 
 Malabar, . . , 
 Sinhalese, . , . 
 
 No-o, nil. 
 Chd, sd. 
 Ghor. 
 Nagou. 
 Nau. 
 
 Yim. 
 
 Ham, hum. 
 
 Nok. 
 
 Aki. 
 
 Ki. 
 
 Hum. 
 
 Ki. 
 
 Ki. 
 
 Ekutn. 
 
 Ekum. 
 
 Njvi. 
 
 N'td. 
 
 Im. 
 
 Eing, seng. 
 
 Im. 
 
 In. 
 
 Urn. 
 
 Kin. 
 
 Kyin. 
 
 Hnyi. 
 
 He, hhi. 
 
 Yaing, gayn. 
 
 Sam. 
 
 Hien. 
 
 NhL 
 
 Rau, reu-an. 
 
 Ken. 
 
 Hiin. 
 
 Heun. 
 
 Od. 
 
 Od. 
 
 Oddh, bdkhol, kudid, kumld. 
 
 drd. 
 
 Erpd. 
 
 Urd-a. 
 
 Avd. 
 
 Ron. 
 
 Ron. 
 
 Ron. 
 
 Ella. 
 
 Ella. 
 
 Lon. 
 
 Lon. 
 
 Ura {vda ?). 
 
 Ud {ud'l). 
 
 Yiddu. 
 
 Sugna. 
 
 Deyyon. 
 
 Vudu. 
 
 Ghor. 
 
 Illam. 
 
 Manei, vidtt. 
 Caret, 
 Vita, illam. 
 Iliu. 
 Caret. 
 Mane. 
 Ilia. 
 Caret, 
 Arra, 
 
 Arsh, kuat, dae-ryh-alti. 
 Pei, 
 Mane, 
 Mane, 
 Kure, 
 
 Vidu, manei, illam, akam. 
 Geya. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 FAIM— HUNGER— HUNGER— GO LOD— FAMES. 
 
 135 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (San.sk];iit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 I 
 
 
 I- 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 f 
 
 ■■a 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . '. . 
 
 
 E^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 I "> Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 Gy^mi, . . 
 
 GyJtrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thochii, . . 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan [loritten) 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Sdnwdr, 
 
 Gil rung, 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 P^khya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kir^nti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Nichhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 S^ng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 D^rhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhr^mu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Th£ru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Kshudh. 
 Jiiaa. 
 
 Gose, ami, 
 Nalka. 
 Ehseg. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret, 
 Ulosgolang. 
 Yatahushara. 
 Liive, 
 Ngelbh, 
 Ldpar. 
 
 T'li-ngo. 
 
 T-Li-o. 
 
 Th-ngo. 
 
 Tu-U-ngn. 
 
 lau. 
 
 Haragaheru. 
 
 Bingim. 
 
 O-ti, wo-ti. 
 Tomos. 
 Caret. 
 Vitciignc. 
 AshpUch. 
 WoHiso. 
 Navijongsi. 
 \jtogs. 
 Tok. 
 
 Tokung. 
 
 Amaija. 
 
 Phokre. 
 
 Pho'idang. 
 
 Tukresya. 
 
 Phothanji. 
 
 Bhok-ldgyo. 
 
 Pitya. 
 
 Set-lah-ma. 
 
 Sd-d. 
 
 Sdkd. 
 
 Sd-d, siing-sd-wda. 
 
 Sangsdwd. 
 
 Sakd-d. 
 
 Sdangsawd. 
 
 Sdk. 
 
 Kremkho. 
 
 Sdkd. 
 
 Kriiim. 
 
 Solimi. 
 
 Sdli. 
 
 Sdk. 
 
 Sdge. 
 
 Sdka. 
 
 So-a. 
 
 So-o. 
 
 Sdgd. 
 
 Bhukhas. 
 
 Bhiik. 
 
 Ha, he-nu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 LP yangkehe. 
 
 Soksa, suk'sa. 
 
 Bhok. 
 
 Iddng. 
 
 Bhok. 
 
 Tidok, kridok, 
 To-ki. ... 
 
 
 05 
 
 ■I 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 
 s 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 . . . 
 
 U' nkwi-dung, nki-dong. 
 
 Dhimdl, . . . . 
 
 . Mhiti'i. 
 
 ■ Kocch, .... 
 
 . Bhi'ik. 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Mdyu-phitwd. 
 
 Kdchciri, . . , . 
 
 Guki-dimg, 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 MltUn mgi, . . 
 
 Ram-r'io. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . , 
 
 Ram-rio. 
 
 Khdri Ndgi, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Ramiio. 
 
 Nowgong Nilgii 
 
 Yatiir. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Cliulale. 
 
 Abor Miri, , . . 
 
 Kinong. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Konbiig. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Card. 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 . Kosiu. 
 
 ■ Burman [wHUen), 
 
 Chhd-ngat. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Sd-ngdt, ngat-mot-khyen. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Bu-lan-a-dii-i. 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 Biik-ma-khang. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Be-on-ldm. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdlc 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, . . 
 
 Ka-lo-hpyo. 
 
 Sgau-knren, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pwo-karcn, . . . 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Toungli-thu, . . , 
 
 . Ha-kho. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 . Ok-pyat. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 . Doi. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Aotrat. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Laos, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 . Renga. 
 
 ICol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Renge. 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 . Renge/i, e/iena/i, reiigeld 
 
 Bhiiraij, .... 
 
 Renge. [(adjectiv 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Keira. 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Ringat. 
 
 Rdjmahali, , . . 
 
 . Kire. 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 . Karu, karusdtur. 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Chatanganki, pannenju. 
 
 Sdvara 
 
 'Dolejan. 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 . Kiiddu. 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Soda, peruntsu. 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Bhi'ik, bhoku. 
 
 Tamij, anc, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 . Pasi. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Vis'appa. 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 . A'kali. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . 
 
 Has'ivu. 
 
 Tujuva, .... 
 
 Paduvu. 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, 1 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Bir-erthti. 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 . Petti-hoje. 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 Hasu. 
 
 Ku'rumlDa, 
 
 
 Hasu. 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 
 Passi. 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 Pasi. 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 Badaginni. 
 
136 
 
 FER— EISEN— IRON— JELEZO— FERRUM. 
 
 [chap, IV. — NOUNS. 
 
 
 5 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic,' . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantshu, . 
 Javanese, Ngok 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 o, 
 
 r Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 I Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 Gyimi, 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, . . , 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Sunwiir, 
 Gdrung, 
 Miirmi, 
 I I Magar, 
 'rhdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 .5 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Kird.nti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Diimi, . . . 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdii, 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusiinda, . 
 Thdni, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Loha. 
 'Hadid. 
 
 Burnt, burdin. 
 Rauta. 
 Vas. 
 Demir. 
 G huts hey. 
 Rkina. 
 
 Temor, temur. 
 Sele. 
 West. 
 Tossan. 
 Bast. 
 
 T'ieh. 
 
 Tieh. 
 
 Tit. 
 
 Tih. 
 
 T'ih. 
 
 Telsu. 
 
 Ahin. 
 
 The. 
 
 Shorn. 
 
 Lekh. 
 
 Shi. 
 
 Sormo. 
 
 Thumdr. 
 
 Chtt. 
 
 Ijchags. 
 
 Chhyd. 
 
 Chhyd. 
 
 Wd-akli. 
 
 Pai. 
 
 Thai. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Fhre. 
 
 Kluidar. 
 
 Na. 
 
 Phenje. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Bdnchhuwa. 
 
 Plialdm. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Chck chi. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Sel. 
 
 Sel. 
 
 Sydl. 
 
 ChyaU-chi. 
 
 Chyak' chi. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Sel, syel. 
 
 Sel 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Ne. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Phaidm. 
 
 Kali-ching, khak-chlung-mi. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Phaldm. 
 
 Loha. 
 
 Panjing. 
 Chyd. 
 
 ■^ f 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chiirr, shtirr. 
 
 
 5^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 Chirr. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kocch, , . 
 
 
 
 Loha. 
 
 
 bj 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Shurr. 
 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Sorr. 
 Yot. 
 
 
 "8 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 /tan. 
 
 
 §= 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Van. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Ayin. 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 J^- 
 
 
 •■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 Jan. 
 
 
 5 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Yin. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Yen. 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 Yagurah. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 
 Yogir. 
 
 
 bi 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 
 Sung. 
 
 
 . 
 
 Singpho, . . . . 
 
 
 Mpri. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 « 
 
 Burman {written), 
 
 
 Sdn. 
 
 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 
 Thdn. 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 
 Thi. 
 
 
 :h \ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 S'hein. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Ta-mhu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mrti v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Loimg-ha. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Theitt. 
 LCasway. 
 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Tah, htd. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Tah. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Say-thi. 
 
 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Leit. 
 
 
 ^1 1 
 
 Aiinamitic, . 
 
 
 Sat. 
 
 
 <b 
 
 Siamese, . ... 
 
 
 Lit, lek. 
 
 
 6 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Lik. 
 
 
 '•^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 . Lek. 
 . Lek. 
 
 . Med. 
 . Medh. 
 
 Menheh, medhad. 
 . Merhd, mcdhd (?). 
 
 Pannd. 
 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Marhan, madhan 
 
 (?) 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 . Lohd 
 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Kachchi. 
 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 . Kachchi. 
 
 
 S, 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Kachi. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Yinamu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Lokand. 
 
 
 cs 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 . ICachi. 
 
 ICachi. 
 
 Loha. 
 . Llmu. 
 
 Luharigd. 
 
 Lomd. 
 
 Vonchani. 
 
 Yerumbu. 
 
 Loho. 
 
 Karumbon. 
 . Lrumbu. 
 . Caret. 
 
 Irimba. 
 . Lmimti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 •^" 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,. 
 
 
 I'Cabbina. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 p 
 
 Tuluva, , . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 
 . ICarba. 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Tocluva,) 
 Toda, ) . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 . Kabbun. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 K6ta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Ku rumba, . . 
 Irula, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 
 . Lbbe. 
 
 I^abbuna. 
 . Kabbutta. 
 . lrumbu. 
 . Lrumbu. 
 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 . 
 
 
 Yakada. 
 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 FEUILLE—BLATT— LEAF— LIST— FOLIUM. 
 
 ^Z7 
 
 s 
 
 s 
 I 
 
 & 
 
 
 .i 
 
 t 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanski^it, .... Patra. 
 1 Arabic, Warak. 
 
 Bask, Osio, ostro, orri. 
 
 Finnic, LehU. 
 
 Magyar, Level. 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 1 
 
 ■^ 
 
 E^ 
 
 •^ 
 
 Malay, Ddwun. 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . . Yeh. 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . . Ye. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . . I'p. 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, . Zuyeh. 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . . Hioh. 
 
 Japanese, .... Ha, 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 ap 
 Dshass. 
 Potholi. ..<, 
 
 Nebtschi, nabchi, 
 Abdaha, abtakha. 
 Godong. 
 Udon. 
 
 Gydmi, Yecha. 
 
 Gy^rung, Taimek. 
 
 Tdkpa, Blap. 
 
 Mdnyak, Nipcheh. 
 
 Thochii, Thrompi. 
 
 Sokpa, Ndi. 
 
 Horpa, Bdldh. 
 
 Tibetan {written), . . Lomd. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Hyomd. 
 
 Serpa, Hyomap. 
 
 Siinwdr, Saphd. 
 
 Giirung, Lau. 
 
 Miirmi, Ldpte. 
 
 Magar, Lhd. 
 
 Thdksya, Lhd. 
 
 Pdkhya, Pdt. 
 
 Newdr, Lapte, hau. 
 
 Limbu, Pelld. 
 
 ' Kirinti, IP bdva. 
 
 Rodong, Ldbo. 
 
 Rilngchenbung, . . . Vbdwa euchha. 
 
 Chhingt^ngya, . . . Laphowa. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Sam, saa-ma. 
 
 Wiling, Sung' pMk, ba. 
 
 Ydkha, SUm-phdk. 
 
 Chour^sya, .... Sdphd, molt. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Siba, la, urn boa. 
 
 Thulungya, .... Se bldm. 
 
 B^iingya, Sopho, sdpha. 
 
 Lohorong, .... SingbaK. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Ldphdk. 
 
 BdMli, SingbdJi, bdk\ 
 
 Sdng-p^ng, .... Sdnbd. 
 
 Ddmi, Sapam, sapho, 
 
 Khdling, Sapang, saphung. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Sum-pha. 
 
 D^rhi, Pdt. 
 
 Denw^r, Pdta. 
 
 Pahri, Lati. 
 
 Cheping, Lo. 
 
 Bhrimu, Sou. 
 
 Vdyu, Lo. 
 
 Kuswar, Pdta. 
 
 Kusunda, Hdk. 
 
 Th^ru, Pdtd. 
 
 I 
 
 
 (^ 
 
 t*) 
 
 I 
 
 to 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhii0ni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Lpo. 
 
 Syoma, ddma. 
 
 ' Bodo, Lai, bilai. 
 
 Dhimdl, Lhdvd, Ihdbd. 
 
 Koccli Pdt. , 
 
 Garo, Lechak. 
 
 Kdchdri Bilai. 
 
 ' Munipuri, .... Mand. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Pan chak. 
 
 Tablung Nigd, . . . Plium yak. 
 
 Khdri Nigd, .... Tuwd. 
 
 Angdmi Nigi, . . . Ponye. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Nydp. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . A'm. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . A'm. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Anne. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Ekamane. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Chid. 
 
 Singpho, Ldp. 
 
 ' Burman {written), . . Kwak. 
 
 Burman {spken), . . . Yuet, aytict. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . She. 
 
 Kdmi, Lahdng. 
 
 Kiimi, Ngdm. 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . . Ardm. 
 
 Sdk, Pwintdk. 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, . . . Kanahtsu. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Lah, thela. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Lah. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Lay. 
 
 Shd,n, Moungmdn. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Ld. 
 
 Siamese, Pihnma, bai. 
 
 Ahom, Bou. 
 
 Khdmti, Mail. 
 
 Laos, Bai. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Sukdm. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sdha?n. 
 
 Santili, Sdkam. 
 
 Bhdmij, Sikkam. 
 
 Urdon, A'tkhd. 
 
 Mundala, Slkam. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... A'tge. 
 
 Gondi, A'ki. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, A'ki. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Yegtil. 
 
 Mddi A'ki. 
 
 Mddia A'ki, maka. 
 
 Kuri, Chakam. 
 
 Keikddi, Yela. 
 
 Khorid, Aka. 
 
 Sdvara Old. 
 
 Gadaba, Volld. 
 
 Yerukala, Yale, yaldku. 
 
 Chentsu, Pdt. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc Adei. 
 
 Tamil, mod Llei. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . . Ila, ola. 
 
 Teliigu, A'ku. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karijdtaka, mod., . . Ele. 
 
 Tuluva, Ire. 
 
 Kurgi Elakand, toppu. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Err. 
 
 Toda, ■) .... Ersh. 
 
 Kdta, Yelle. 
 
 Badaga, Yelle. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Yelle. 
 
 Iru]a, Yelle. 
 
 Malabar, llei. 
 
 Sinhalese, Klole. 
 
138 
 
 LUMIERE— LIGHT— LIGHT— SVYET— LUX. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gyirung, . . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Siinwir, . . 
 
 Gurung, . . 
 Murmi, 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thiksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ,§< 
 
 (3 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 Wdling, . , 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BiMli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 Dumi, . . . 
 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrlii, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Jyotis. 
 Nour. 
 
 Argi. 
 Walo. 
 Vilag. 
 Caret. 
 Nefnoy. 
 Natheni. 
 
 Ghegheghen (gegegen). 
 Elden. 
 Terafig. 
 Terang. 
 Tdrang. 
 
 Kwang. 
 
 Kwang. 
 
 Kwo7ig. 
 
 Ledngkwong. 
 
 Kng. 
 
 Akari. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Reyai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Wot. 
 
 Wuh. 
 
 Uik. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Spho. 
 
 Hod. 
 
 Hwe, eit. 
 
 Rhip, en. 
 Hdiigo. 
 Bhla. 
 U'jdlo. 
 
 Tydwongclio, rdp. 
 Mutlmangmu. 
 Urt-bdtti. 
 Jala. 
 Oi, thoru. 
 
 U'lawa chdmi. 
 Ndmchha, kha wiya. 
 
 Uldwachhdmi, sam. 
 Khdidmthd, 
 
 Wi'ijydlo. 
 
 VVnjydlo, khdddi. 
 
 IVap'na. 
 JDjtidm soma. 
 
 Koddta, ndinchhowa, vdwal'- 
 Htaah'tvdya, sam. \?ua. 
 Hwa. 
 
 Ndmzvoge, ndmde. 
 Khdte yt't. 
 NamoKiva. 
 Khdseina. 
 
 U'nel. 
 Ildhdiii. 
 KJiou, sam. 
 
 U'jiiiig. 
 
 U'jat. 
 Jala. 
 
 Same, angho, angha. 
 
 Caret. 
 Daiigdattg. 
 Johan. 
 Jina 'ikya. 
 Aujoriyo. 
 
 A'om, achur. 
 En, dam. 
 
 
 h 
 
 \ 
 
 h 
 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 Bodo, Churdng, shrdng. 
 
 Dhimdl, Sdnekd, j'olka. 
 
 Kocch, Jyoti. 
 
 Garo, Kldngkldng. 
 
 Kdchdri, Sorang, 
 
 Munipuri, .... Mangdl. 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . . . Rangai. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . , Nining. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Snaugo, 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Ngukwi. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . , Rangvo. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Tsdngurh. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Sangagho. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Piudng. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Fiidda. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Ddkdri. 
 
 Singpho, Ningthoi. 
 
 Burman {^written), . . "Lang. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . "Len, aleng. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Caret. 
 
 Kdmi, Avdndagd. 
 
 Kiimi, Caret. 
 
 Mni v. Toung, . . . Watdi. 
 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, 
 
 Ateng, rd. 
 
 Tahkpaw, tagopau. 
 
 Tserpan. 
 
 Lita-lay. 
 
 Alert. 
 
 JVgb' i. 
 
 Siamese, Psauwn, sawatig. 
 
 Ahom, Letig. 
 
 Khdmti, Zeug. 
 
 Laos, Zeng, tseng. 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), .... Marsal. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Maskal. 
 
 Santdli, Setong (glare). 
 
 Bhdmij, Tetaytura. 
 
 Urdon, ..... Billi. 
 
 Mundala, Marsa (?). 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... A'veli. 
 
 Gondi, Berachi, vcdchi. 
 
 Gayeti, Vedchi. 
 
 Rutluk, Beijianjor. 
 
 Naikude, Vektin, walaiig. 
 
 Kolami, Velang. 
 
 Mddi, Ves. 
 
 Mddia, Hujaldhtir. 
 
 Kuri, Ujawaro. 
 
 Keikddi, Baymaro. 
 
 Khond Vujwdld. 
 
 Sdvara, Tambd. 
 
 Gadaba, Tarddutu. 
 
 Yerukala, Valuku. 
 
 Chentsu, Dip, vujjait. 
 
 Tamil, anc, .... Oli. 
 
 Tamil, mod Velichcham. 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, , , Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Velichcham. 
 
 Telugu, Veluturu, velugu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Belaku. 
 
 Tuluva, Bhoksha. 
 
 Kurgi, Belld. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Belch. 
 
 Toda, ) . . . , Vclahi. 
 
 Kdta, Belaku. 
 
 Badaga, Divige. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Dipa. 
 
 Iri'la, Valahi. 
 
 Malabar, Velicham. 
 
 Sinhalese, Eliya. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 HOMME— MENSCH— MAN— CHELOVYEK— HOMO. 
 
 ^39 
 
 ^ 
 s 
 
 C 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■^ (Sanskrit, 
 "^ (Arabic, 
 
 ' Bask, . 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, ... 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 I ' Chinese, Shanghai, 
 '~^ Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 f.' 
 
 
 Braliuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochd, 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 'Serpa, . 
 
 Siinwir, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Th^ksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbii, 
 
 Kirinti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bihingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Kladling, . 
 
 Dungm£li, 
 
 Dilrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . _ . 
 Cheping," . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Manu, manush, manushya. 
 Rajol. 
 
 Guizon (homo et vir) )guizar 
 Ihmeno (homo), mies (vir). 
 Fcrfi. 
 Er. 
 
 Tsiffey, adam* genaht* 
 Katsi. 
 
 Era, ere, kumun, kdinon,bya, || 
 Khakha, niyalma, oydzah* 
 Wong. 
 Tiyang. 
 Orang. 
 
 /in. 
 Jan. 
 Yan. 
 Niang. 
 L&iig,jln. 
 Hito. 
 
 Narina. 
 
 Rin. 
 
 Tirmi. 
 Mlh. 
 Ch'lwh. 
 Ndh. 
 KMn. 
 Vzih. 
 Mi. 
 Mi. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Miirii. 
 
 MM. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Bharmi. 
 
 Mli. 
 
 Manchha. 
 
 Mano, mi-jang. 
 
 Yapmi, yembecha. 
 
 Mand. 
 Mina. 
 
 MAna, inaana. 
 Mdpmi, ma/inii. 
 Mina, min. 
 Mana, mina. 
 Ydp'mi. 
 Miiyo. 
 Mis. 
 Michyu. 
 Miiri. 
 Mina. 
 
 Mdh'mi, maKmi-chi. 
 Mina-chi. 
 Mina. 
 Has. 
 Hash. 
 Mina. 
 
 Mdnus. 
 
 Mdnus. 
 
 Manche. 
 
 Fursi. 
 
 Bal, bar. 
 
 Singtong, loncho. 
 
 Gokchai, ckdwdt. 
 
 Mih'ydk. 
 
 Manhai. 
 
 Maro, tagri. 
 Mi. 
 
 I 
 
 ■a 
 
 K 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimil, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdi'i, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn NAgd, 
 Tablung Ndgi, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgii, 
 Nowgong Ndgi, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {ivritten), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, , . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrtl V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-knvcn, . 
 Two-karcn, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Klidmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gonrli, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc. , 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toqluva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 K(5ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Hiwd, mdnshi. . 
 Wdval, didng, daydng. 
 Mdnushi, betdchod. 
 Miva. 
 Mansui. 
 
 Minipa. 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Saiiniak. 
 
 Ami. 
 
 Theme. 
 
 Minydn. 
 
 Nycstcng. 
 
 Mesung, 
 
 Amie. 
 
 A'mme. 
 
 Mosi. 
 
 Singpho. 
 
 Lu. 
 
 Lu. 
 
 lUdng. 
 
 ICam'i. 
 
 Kvmi. 
 
 Mrt't. 
 
 M. 
 
 Karu. 
 
 .Pgahk'/iyaiii, pahiiiyaii. 
 
 J/rrp/oiig, hpliiii. 
 
 Laii. 
 
 IConputrihn. 
 
 Ngu'Vi. 
 
 Hpuhtso, khon. 
 
 Kun. 
 
 Yi.nn, khun. 
 
 Khon. 
 
 Ho, horo. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Had, hodh, horh, hedel, 
 
 Horro. \{lierelt), koda , mdnio. 
 
 Alia. 
 
 Horl. 
 
 Mdle. 
 
 Mdne, mdnwdl maurdsal. 
 
 Mdnuidl. 
 
 Mdnwol. 
 
 Mas. 
 
 Pedda. 
 
 Manei, koitar. 
 
 Manei, gaita. 
 
 Koro. 
 
 Managi. 
 
 Lokkd. 
 
 Mandra. 
 
 Lokko. 
 
 Munasam. 
 
 Mdmis. 
 
 Magan. 
 
 A'l, manidan. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'l. 
 
 Manishi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'lu. 
 
 A'l 
 
 Mdnus, manusu, 
 
 A'l. 
 
 A'l 
 
 A'le, manijon. 
 
 Manija, alt/. 
 
 Manisha, aiu. 
 
 Manisha, alu 
 
 Manushen, ddaven. 
 
 Minihd. 
 
140 
 
 SINGE— AFFE— MONKEY— OBEZYANA—SIMIA. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 fe> 
 
 
 
 ^' 
 
 5- 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 1 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 %, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, , . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 ^ Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {%arUkii), 
 Tibetan {spoken\ 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Siinw^, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 MUrnai, 
 Magar, 
 Tlidksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Clihingtdngya, 
 Ndchhercng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdliingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Dumi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cliepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Kapi, markata, vdnara. 
 Nisuds, kird. 
 
 Chimu, chimino. 
 
 Marakatti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bits chin. 
 
 Bonio. 
 
 Ketek. 
 
 Kitek. 
 
 Munit. 
 
 Hautsze. 
 
 Hautsze. 
 
 Mdlaii. 
 
 Sitigsing. 
 
 Ka2i. 
 
 Sam. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 KJwuch. 
 
 Shepri, ti. 
 
 Prd. 
 
 Miyahdh. 
 
 Wdissi. 
 
 Mechi. 
 
 Zumdeh. 
 
 Sprebii. 
 
 Tyti. 
 
 Rhu. 
 
 Mora. 
 
 Timyii. 
 
 Mdng. 
 
 Bdner. 
 
 Pdngdar. 
 
 Bddar. 
 
 Mdko. 
 
 Sobd, 
 
 Heldwd. 
 
 Toiig bhu, no i. 
 
 Heldwa. 
 
 Hcldwa. 
 
 Fopa. 
 
 Hcldwa. 
 
 Piibdng. 
 
 Poku. 
 
 Piipwa. 
 
 Ni'ili syii. 
 
 More, mtiryo. 
 
 Ptibdng. 
 
 Ki'ibdng. 
 
 Piibdng. 
 
 Popdn. 
 
 Nus, nuksn. 
 
 Nils. 
 
 Ndsd. 
 
 Banker. 
 Bandar. 
 Mui;a. 
 
 YiWc. 
 Payiik. 
 Plwka. 
 Bdner. 
 
 Ugu. 
 Bdjiar. 
 
 Saheu. 
 Pyd. 
 
 ■3 
 
 Bodo, . 
 
 
 Mokhara. 
 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 Nhoyd, hiilmdn. 
 
 f^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 Bdndor, Mlmdn. 
 
 <*) 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 Kouwe. 
 
 :§■ 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . , . 
 
 Yong 
 
 "S 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Mainuk. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Siniai. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Kishd. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Takwi. 
 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Veh. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Shitsu. 
 
 t?; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Suchi. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Sibeh. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Shibe. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Iku. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Woe. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 Myok. 
 
 s 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 My auk. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Young. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Kalai. 
 
 g 
 
 Kiimi 
 
 Kala. 
 
 ^ 
 
 « 
 
 Mrii v. Toung, . . 
 
 Tayiit. 
 
 
 [Sdk, 
 
 Kawuk. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Kanwi. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Taken, tao. 
 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Tseroke. 
 
 Toungli-thu, . . . 
 
 Khyag. 
 
 _5i 
 
 Shdn, . . . . . 
 
 Lein. 
 
 E> ■ 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 KM. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Lenn, ling. 
 
 8 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 Baling. 
 
 <o 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Ling 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Wok, ling. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 Gye. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Sarrha, gddi. 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 Gadi. 
 
 
 Bhilmij, 
 
 
 Gddi. 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 Bandra. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 Bandra. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 Muge. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 Bandara, kove. 
 
 ;S 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 MujaL 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 Kevi, pwal. 
 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 Mill. 
 
 g 
 
 Kolanii, 
 
 
 Miii. 
 
 1 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 Mitngii, vius. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 Mujal. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 Sara. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 Kwoti. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 Koju. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 Karoyi. 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 Gusd. 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 Kote. 
 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 
 Mdkad. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 ) . . ■ 
 
 Kathivan. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . , . 
 
 Kurangu. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . 
 
 Kuranga. 
 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Koti. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .^ 
 •^ 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 Kbdaga, manga. 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Tu]uva, , . . , 
 
 Mange. 
 
 g ■ 
 
 Kui-gi, 
 
 Card. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 'I'oduva,) . . . 
 Tod a, ) . . . 
 
 Kodan. 
 
 4 
 
 Turuni, kodan, pershk 
 
 
 K6ta, 
 
 Korte. 
 
 
 Badaga 
 
 Korangu. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Korangu. 
 
 
 Iruja, 
 
 Korangu. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Kurangku, manthi. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 Wandurd. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 LUNE—MOND— MOON— LUNA— LUNA. 
 
 141 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, . . 
 "I, "(Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, .... 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 s 
 
 (5 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 Chandra, chandramas. 
 ^amr. 
 
 lilargi, ilargi, argizaita. 
 Hnoinen. 
 Hold. 
 Ay. 
 
 Maathi. 
 Mthoware. 
 
 Ssera, ssara, nienkareli;l 
 Biya. murun.\\ 
 
 Sasi. 
 Wulan. 
 Biilan. 
 
 YueK. 
 
 Yiieh. 
 
 ijt. 
 
 Miiih. 
 
 Geh. 
 
 Bsuki. 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gydrung, , . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochil, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . , 
 
 Tibetan [ztiriUen), 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), . 
 
 Yolidng. 
 
 Tsile, chileh. 
 
 Leh. 
 
 Lhch. 
 
 Chhdh. 
 
 Sdrd. 
 
 Slikno. 
 
 Zldva. 
 
 Ddwd. 
 
 Serpa, , Ould. 
 
 Sdnwdr, Ldto-si. 
 
 Gdrung, Laugni. 
 
 Mdrmi, . . . . . Lhd-ni. 
 
 g •! Magar, Gyd-Mt. 
 
 Thdksya, Ldti-giid. 
 
 Pdkliya, Chati dramabel'. 
 
 Newir, Two-jnila, tiiyH-mila. 
 
 Limbu, Ldva. 
 
 ' Kirdnti, Ld-dima. 
 
 Rodong, Ldd'ipa. 
 
 Rdngchenbung, . . . Lddima. 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Ldthiba. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Ldnima. 
 
 Wdling, Lddima. 
 
 Ydkha, Ld. 
 
 Chourdsya, .... Twasydl, tosyal. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Ld. 
 
 Thulungya, .... IChlye, khle. 
 
 Bihingya, .... Ld. 
 
 Lohorong, .... Ld. 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Lddiba. 
 
 BdMli, La. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Lm,. 
 
 Diimi, Liimydmtii. 
 
 Khdling, Lyd. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Lddima, Iddipma. 
 
 Ddrhi, Jdnhd,jdnhd. 
 
 Denwdr, Jyiin. 
 
 Pabri, Nhibd. 
 
 Chepdng, Lake, lame. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Chalawani, chalawan. 
 
 Vdyu, Cholo. 
 
 Kuswar, Ji^n. 
 
 Kusunda, Jun. 
 
 Thdru, Cha7id ramajun. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Lavo. 
 
 BhUtdrii V. Lhopa, . . Biau. 
 
 ,■&. 
 
 2. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 05 
 
 h 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 8 
 
 .« 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, Nokhdbir. 
 
 Dhimdl, Tdli. 
 
 Kocch, Chdnd. 
 
 Garo, Rdngrct. 
 
 Kdchdri, Nakaphor, nakabor. 
 
 ' Munipuri, .... Thd. 
 
 Mfthiin Ni(gc4, . . . L^diiii. 
 
 Tablung Ndgii, . . . Le. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Leta. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Kharr. 
 
 Ncimsdng Ndgd, . . . Dd. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, , . Yitd. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Lutd. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Palo. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Polo. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Yah. 
 
 Singpho Sitd. 
 
 ' Burman {written), . . La. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Ld. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . ICJilau. 
 
 Kdmi, Ld. 
 
 Kiimi, Hlo. 
 
 Mnl V. Toung, . . . PMd. 
 
 Sdk, Ihattd. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . IChatn. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Lah, Ihdh. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... ImIi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Lu. 
 
 Shdn, Lcn. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Trang. 
 
 Siamese, Hpya-hiit, tawan. 
 
 Ahom, Den. 
 
 Khdmti, Lun. 
 
 Laos, Deun. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Chandii. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Chdndn. 
 
 Santdli, Kunami {i\i\\),gninddchdndo 
 
 Bhiimij, Chandii. [(night-sun). 
 
 Urdon, Chando. 
 
 Mundala, Chandu. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Bilpe. 
 
 Gondi Chandal, chanda, nalej. 
 
 Gayeti, Nalej. 
 
 Rutluk, Nalej, jagon. 
 
 Naikude, Nela. 
 
 Kolami, Nela. 
 
 Mddi, ...... Nelanjiu. 
 
 Mddia Chandanlej {chand, anlej ?). 
 
 Kuri, Gumong, chando. 
 
 Keikddi, Nalou. 
 
 Khond, Layidi. 
 
 Sdvara, Vongd. 
 
 Gadaba, Arke. 
 
 Yerukala, Tarra. 
 
 Chentsu, Mdsu. 
 
 Tamil, anc; .... Pirei. 
 
 Tami], mod., .... Tingal, nela, sandiran. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . TinkaL 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Anbili. 
 
 Telugu, (anc.) Nela, jdbilli, vennela. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, . . Tingalu. 
 
 Tuluva, Tingalu. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 To^luva,) .... Caret. 
 
 Toda, [ .... Teggal. 
 
 Kdta, Tiggule. 
 
 Badaga, Tiggalu. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Chandra, tingla. 
 
 Irula, Ndlavu. 
 
 Malabar, Melavi'/, chananderan. 
 
 Sinhalese, Sanda. 
 
142 
 
 MOSQUITE—MUSKITO— MOSQUITO— KOMAR—CULEX PIPIENS {Linn.). [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 & 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 •§, [Arabic, . . 
 
 . . . Mas'aka. | 
 
 k. 
 
 
 Barghash. 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 Bask, . , , 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 Elcho, dtzo (gnat). 
 Caret. 
 
 k . 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 Szunyog. 
 
 •< 
 
 R° 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 Sivrisiiiek. 
 
 1 
 
 'I 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 Bilkona, biikoona (gnat). 
 
 ■^ 
 
 e 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 Kalman (gnat). 
 
 ■a • 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . . 
 
 Lamuk. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . . 
 
 Lamuk. 
 
 
 
 Malay, 
 
 Nydmuk. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Wa. 
 
 f^ 
 
 -C3 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 L 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Mangtsz'. 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Bang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 _ Japanese, . 
 
 
 Ka. 
 
 ^- 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 Wocha. 
 
 1; 
 
 S 
 
 Gyirung, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 . Pholi. 
 
 e 
 
 \ 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 . Bimo. 
 
 1 
 
 '■« . 
 
 Thochu, . 
 
 
 . Beup. 
 
 § 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 Khoklnve. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 Ivasa. 
 
 ■ 4 
 
 ^j 
 
 Tibetan {written 
 
 ), . 
 
 Srinh'i, Tachiirings. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan {spoken) 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 i • 
 
 Syedongma. 
 . Ddngina. 
 
 to 
 
 ._;, 
 
 Siinw^r, . . 
 
 
 . Ldm-khi'itia. 
 
 , 
 
 1 
 
 Gtirung, . . 
 
 
 Chwe. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 
 
 . Ldm-kMtia. 
 
 
 ■s 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 Ldm-khi'itia. 
 
 
 J- 
 
 Thiksya, . . 
 
 
 Folorinaba. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 
 . Pokha. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 . Pat'i. 
 
 Ldmjonklii, 
 
 
 
 ■ Kirilnti, . . 
 
 
 Ldnikln'itia. 
 
 .« 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 Ti'ingkdma. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung 
 
 } ' 
 
 Ldinklii'itya. 
 
 s 
 
 "a 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 Twaiii^gyoiniiia. 
 
 1 
 
 ■C- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 . Si'ipydl. 
 
 tS 
 
 .i 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 Si'ipydt, tokli. 
 
 
 <i 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 . Thokthokl-ldng. 
 
 
 
 Chour^sya, . 
 
 
 Gang'gayumo. 
 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 Kwongtholi. 
 
 
 ■&< 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 . Mas. 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 . Seupyel, sipyel. 
 
 
 •G 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 Bhusund. 
 
 
 8 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 Tonggengwa. 
 
 
 t? 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sing-pdng, . 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 Khasuk ma, lamkhi'dia. 
 
 Toktihdn, hahauma. 
 . Sapal. 
 . Sapal. 
 . Kong koiignia. 
 
 
 "^' 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 Konkonya. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 Ghiisund. 
 
 1 
 
 fe; 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 . Pati. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 -i 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 . Amin. 
 
 ■is 
 
 ^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . , 
 
 
 . Eks'amek, kdndndng. 
 
 to 
 
 'e 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 . Pipsa, bhunsi. 
 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 ft^ 
 
 _ Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 . Mas. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 . Mang-kong. 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhc 
 
 )pa, . 
 
 Zendong. 
 
 
 Bodo, TMwpkoi'-gangJang, 
 
 Dhimdl, Jdhd,jdhdn. 
 
 Kocch, Mosho. 
 
 Garo, Sotsd. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, .... Kang. 
 
 Mkhdn Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd Mrild. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Vmt. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Mang-dong. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Merita. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Anjang. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Songgm. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Tamig. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Ddn. 
 
 Singpho, Tsigrong. 
 
 Burman (^written), . . Khyang. 
 
 Burman {spolten), . . . Khyen, khyin. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Youngydn. 
 
 Kdmi, Kdnsakd. 
 
 Kdmi, Chdnrdng. 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . . Tatsdng. 
 
 Sdk, Pichi. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Khamcet. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Pso,peitso. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Tserpoe. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Takhra. 
 
 Shdn, You. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Rudi. 
 
 Siamese You, yung. 
 
 Ahom, Phreng. 
 
 Khdmti, Yung. 
 
 Laos, Yung. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Pichu, siking. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Siki. 
 
 Santdli, Sikiding, sikri. 
 
 Bhiimij, Ltiti. 
 
 Urdon, Bhusendi. 
 
 Mundala, Bhustmdi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Minko. 
 
 Gondi, Misi {visi = fly). 
 
 Gayeti, {Visi=^y.) 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikudc, (Mngal = fly.) 
 
 Kolarai, {Ningd — fly.) 
 
 Mddi, ( Visi, visu, nule = fly.) 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, {Ruku = fly.) 
 
 Keikddi, (K = fly.) 
 
 Khond, Vihdngd. 
 
 Sdvara, Abubbo. 
 
 Gadaba, Kirigi. 
 
 Yemkala, Yeyyi. 
 
 Chentsu, Musso. 
 
 Tamil, anc Caret. 
 
 Tami], mod., .... Kosugu. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Kotuka, pirukka. 
 
 Telugu, Doma. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . Solle, chukkddi. 
 
 Tuluva, Caret. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Caret. 
 
 Toda, ) .... Chikattu. 
 
 K6ta, Chukattu. 
 
 Badaga, Chukattu. 
 
 Kuj-umba, .... Siigane, 
 
 Irula, /o/te. 
 
 Malabar, Visei melvisei. 
 
 Sinhalese, Maduruo. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 MERE— MUTTER— MOTHER-MAT— MATER. 
 
 143 
 
 s 
 § 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 Types, 
 
 •■g (Sanskrit, 
 «^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 Gydrang, . . 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 Thoclul, . . 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {lurUten) 
 Tibetan {spokm), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sdnwkr, . . 
 
 Gdrung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newir, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wciling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Loliorong, 
 Lambichhong. 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Dirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Si 
 
 t 
 
 Mdtfi. 
 mm. 
 
 Ama. 
 
 AitL 
 
 Any a. 
 
 Ana. 
 
 Tian, yan. 
 
 Deda. 
 
 Eghe, eke. 
 
 Eniye, eme. 
 
 Biyang. 
 
 Ibu. 
 
 Ibu. 
 
 MutsHn. 
 
 MutsHn. 
 
 Mots'an. 
 
 Nidng, dhmd. 
 
 Bti. 
 
 Haha. 
 
 Lnmmh. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Tomo. 
 
 Ama. 
 
 Amd. 
 
 Ou. 
 
 A'khi^ yckhi. 
 
 Ama. 
 
 Ama, 
 
 Amd. 
 
 A'md. 
 
 Amai, 
 
 A'mo. 
 
 Amma. 
 
 Md. 
 
 A'md. 
 
 A'md, 
 
 Mang. 
 
 Amma. 
 
 Oma, euma. 
 Ma, uma, 
 Oma, uma, 
 U'ma. 
 U'mma, 
 A'md. 
 I'ma. 
 A'mo. 
 Ummd, 
 Mdm, timam. 
 A'mo. 
 Umma. 
 Ima, 
 Uma, 
 Umma, 
 
 Mydm, umyam, 
 ■ Mdm, iimdm. 
 U'ma, umma. 
 
 U'yd, 
 Ambd'i, 
 Mi, 
 Amai. 
 Amai. 
 
 Ume, limu. 
 Amd'i. 
 Mdl 
 Mahatdri. 
 
 A mo. 
 A'i. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 V3 
 
 I 
 
 ' Bodo, Bma, hama, dyd, 
 
 Dhimdl, Amd. 
 
 Kocch, Md. 
 
 Garo, Ama. 
 
 Kdchdri, Ate, 
 
 Munipuri, , . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Nslgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, , . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), , 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kiimi, .... 
 Mini V. Toung, . 
 Sdk 
 
 Talain v. Men, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 Imd. 
 
 Annu. 
 
 Ofiii. 
 
 Tu. 
 
 Azo. 
 
 Ingyong. 
 
 Uc/id. 
 
 A'pii. 
 
 Namu. 
 
 Ndnd. 
 
 Tsimd, 
 
 Nii. 
 
 Ami, 
 
 Ami, 
 
 JVti. 
 
 Nai'ii. 
 
 Anvmi. 
 
 All 
 
 Ami. 
 
 Ya. 
 
 Mo, amo. 
 
 Mo. 
 
 Alen. 
 
 Amyd. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Md, me. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Me. 
 
 Me. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol) Enga. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Edng. 
 
 Santdli, Gngd, dyo I iyo ! 
 
 Bhdmij, Mai. 
 
 Urdon, Ayyo. 
 
 Mundala, Engan. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Aya. 
 
 Gondi, Aval, ya, ma, bau. 
 
 Gayeti, Dai. 
 
 Rutluk, Dai, ouwal. 
 
 Naikude, Amma. 
 
 Kolami Amma. 
 
 Mddi, Yali, awa. 
 
 Mddia, Maiyal. 
 
 Kuri Aya, ma, 
 
 Keikddi, Amma, 
 
 Khond, Ayyd 
 
 Sdvara, ..... Yo. 
 
 Gadaba, Penamma, 
 
 Yerukala, Tdyi. 
 
 Chentsu, Md. 
 
 Tamil, anc I'lirdl. 
 
 Tami], mod Tdy, dyi. 
 
 Malaydlma, .anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Amma, talla. 
 
 Telugu, Talli, amma, 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karndfaka, mod,, . . Tdyi, awa, amma, 
 
 Tuluva, Appe. 
 
 Kurgi, Awa. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Caret, 
 
 Toda, 3 .... Aw, 
 
 K6ta, Awe, 
 
 Badaga, Awe, tai, 
 
 Kurumba, .... A'we. 
 
 Inda A'we, 
 
 Malabar, Thai, matha, aiinei, 
 
 Sinhalese, Amma. 
 
144 
 
 MONTAGNE-BERG-MOUNTAIN-GORA-MONS. 
 
 [chap. IV. — NOUNS. 
 
 t 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Farvata, giri. 
 fabal. 
 
 1 
 
 N 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mendi. 
 Wuori. 
 Hegy, domb. 
 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 ■Dagh, tepe. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Meyzi. 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Mtlia, gori. 
 
 '^ 
 
 ■a- 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Aglwla, agola, daUagan, diu- 
 
 ■^ 
 
 <3 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Dahaga, alin. [larafi.\\ 
 
 ■a ■ 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Giimmg. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 RML 
 
 g 
 
 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Bi'ikit, gi'initng. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Shdn. 
 
 f^ 
 
 '■o 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Shdn. 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Shdn. 
 
 ►«;' 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 San. 
 
 ji 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Soan. 
 
 =§ 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Yanta. 
 
 h 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 
 
 
 Mask. 
 
 1 
 
 .S 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 San, syan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 (^ 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tavet. 
 
 
 >fe 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ri. 
 
 R 
 
 fc 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Mbi. 
 
 1 
 
 ■■1 . 
 
 Thochd, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Spydh. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Tdvd. 
 
 f! 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 . Rihrap. 
 
 
 .i 
 
 Tibetan {wrUteti), 
 
 
 
 . Ri. 
 
 6 
 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 
 . Ri. 
 
 s 
 
 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ri. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Siinwir, 
 
 
 
 
 Ddndd. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Gilrung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kwon. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Ga?ig. 
 
 
 !■ 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 Ddndd. 
 
 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 
 
 
 YcdadJiyii. 
 
 
 .i 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Pdhdr. 
 
 
 .^ 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 
 
 
 Gun. 
 
 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Toksong. 
 
 . Bhar. 
 . Ddnda. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Bh'ar. 
 
 1V» ■ 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Boiir. 
 
 1 
 
 c! 
 
 i~- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Ddnda. 
 
 i 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ddnda. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kwdngu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 tj 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Kwdma. 
 
 
 a 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Tarn' Mm. 
 
 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Bro. 
 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 
 Said, koogki'i. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Sani, kongkv. 
 
 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 Sdnggi'i. 
 
 
 .g 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ydkphu. 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, ^ . 
 
 ^ Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 B/n'iri. 
 Caret. 
 Udhdm. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ddnda. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 Pdiihd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Tolhd. 
 
 >> 
 
 "^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 
 Rids. 
 
 i 
 
 r§ . 
 
 Bhrdmii, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ddnda. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Chydji't, ivane. 
 
 s 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Fa/idr. 
 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 Parhat. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 _ Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Par'Oat. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), , 
 
 
 Rok. 
 
 
 
 Ehiitdni v. Lh 
 
 opt 
 
 I, • 
 
 
 Roug. 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, , . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . , 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 Kolami, . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, j 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . , 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Jldjo; khro{to^p),geger{sidt). 
 Ra, ptiring (top). 
 Parliot, mdlhi (top), mdjha 
 Hd-chi'tr, [(side). 
 
 Hajo. 
 
 Ching. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Apih. 
 
 Chaju. 
 
 Ildho. 
 
 Min-dram. 
 
 Masan. 
 
 A'di. 
 
 A'di. 
 
 AsU. 
 
 Bum. 
 
 Tong. 
 
 Taimg. 
 
 Taung. 
 
 Takun. 
 
 Moi. 
 
 S'hung, fting. 
 
 Tako. 
 
 Khalonkhyan. 
 
 K'sir, kutchhu. 
 
 Kulaung. 
 
 Koimg. 
 
 Patouk. 
 
 Nui. 
 
 Khanta, piikhau. 
 
 Doi. 
 
 Noi. 
 
 Loi. 
 
 Burn. 
 
 Buru. 
 
 Bum. 
 
 Buru. 
 
 Partd. 
 
 Buru. 
 
 Take. 
 
 Dotigar, mattd. 
 
 Matta. 
 
 Mata. 
 
 Seppa. 
 
 Met. 
 
 Metta. 
 
 Mad/id. 
 
 Katadi, 
 
 Gutta. 
 
 Soru. 
 
 Baru. 
 
 Konad. 
 
 Getju. 
 
 Parvat. 
 
 Varei. 
 Malei. 
 Caret. 
 Mala. 
 
 Kon4a, gutta. 
 Male. 
 
 Gudda, male, betta, 
 Gudde. 
 Caret. 
 Pann. 
 
 Bana, dalta, mdrsh. 
 Vettume. 
 Betta. 
 Beitu. 
 Mele. 
 
 Malei, vetpu, meru. 
 Kanda. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 DOUCI-IE-MUND-MOUTH— ROT-OS. 
 
 H5 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 j Sanskrit, 
 
 (AUADIC, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, ... 
 
 ■■3 
 I 
 
 t:; 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahu(, 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 GyAi-urig, . . 
 Tilkpa, . . 
 Mcinyak, . . 
 Thochd, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {wnUen). 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Silnwir, 
 Gdrung, . 
 Miirmi, . 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newd.r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 f«5 
 
 Kirilnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 N^chhereng, 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 Dirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Cheping, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Th£m, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Mukha. 
 Famm. 
 
 Ao, alio, au. 
 Kuukausi. 
 Szaj. 
 Aghz. 
 
 S/iey, moli* koko.* 
 Piri, damna* 
 < Aman, nang,X niuruchta. 
 Angga. 
 Changkem. 
 Ttituk. 
 Mi'ilut. 
 
 ICau. 
 
 ICau. 
 
 Han. 
 
 Ken, 
 
 Ch' lit. 
 
 Kuchi. 
 
 Cant. 
 
 Chwe. 
 Tikhc. 
 K/id. 
 Ycbd. 
 Dzx'ikh. 
 A'md. 
 Ya. 
 Khd. 
 Khd. 
 
 KM. 
 So. 
 
 sang. 
 
 Sling. 
 
 Gner. 
 
 Sung. 
 
 Mtikha. 
 
 MMta. 
 
 Miird. 
 
 Doh. 
 Dyo. 
 Do. 
 
 Thurwn. 
 
 Gnocho. 
 
 Two, do. 
 
 Milldphu. 
 
 DM. 
 
 Gno. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Syeu. 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Ydsi. 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Gno. 
 
 Kwom, kom. 
 
 Kwom. 
 
 Two. 
 
 MAMn. 
 
 Mt'tMn. 
 
 Mhur. 
 
 Motong. 
 
 Andm. 
 
 MAkchu. 
 
 MMt'i. 
 
 Birgydd, Urgyang. 
 
 MMha. 
 
 Abong. 
 KM. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ]3odo, . 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 ^i5 i Garo, . 
 
 [ Kdchdri, 
 
 1 
 
 
 ttj 
 
 3i 
 
 I, 
 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd,, . 
 Khdri Ndgci, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 ' Burman [wri/kn), 
 Burman (s/iokai), . 
 Kliyeng v. Shoii, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 Toung, 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Mri'i v. 
 [ Sdk, 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 I'wo-karcn, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 K/ioUf^a. 
 
 Niil 
 
 Afiihh. 
 
 Hotong. 
 
 Kuga. 
 
 Chil. 
 
 Tun. 
 
 Ckusiin. 
 
 Tahatin, 
 
 A/nil. 
 
 Tun. 
 
 Tepang. 
 
 Tabdng. 
 
 Napang. 
 
 Napiing. 
 
 Diiniju. 
 
 Ninggiip. 
 
 Nhiip. 
 
 Nlwk, pazat, nhup. 
 
 Plakkau. 
 
 Amnkd. 
 
 Liboiing. 
 
 Naur. 
 
 A'ngsi. 
 
 Khamoupan. 
 
 Tahko. 
 
 Nok. 
 
 Pronng. 
 
 Htsot. 
 
 Mieng. 
 
 Fat, pdk. 
 
 Sup. 
 
 Sop. 
 
 Pdk. 
 
 [ Ho (Kol), . . . . A'. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . , A'. 
 
 Santdli, Mochd. 
 
 Bhiimij, Alang. 
 
 Urdon, Bdi. 
 
 Mundala, Mocha. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Soro. 
 
 Gondi, K/z(«w/^««^ = moustache). 
 
 Gayeti, Michhe (moustache). 
 
 Rutluk, Micehegam (moustache). 
 
 Naikude, Misal (id.). 
 
 Kolami, Misal i^\^). 
 
 Mddi, Misa (id.). 
 
 Mddia, Mishal (id.). 
 
 Kuri, Mache, musar (id.). 
 
 Keikddi, Mison (id.). 
 
 Khoncl, Sudda. 
 
 Sdvara, Ami'tkd. 
 
 Gadaba, Tummo. 
 
 Yerukala, Vdyi. 
 
 [ Chentsu, Mi'i. 
 
 Tamil, ^nc, .... Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod.,.. . . . Vdy. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Vdy a. 
 
 Telugu, Nbru. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Karijdtaka, mod., . . Bdyi. 
 
 Tuluva, Bayi. 
 
 Kurgi, Bayi. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Pdyi. 
 
 Toda, ) .... Boi. 
 
 Kdta, ...... Vai. 
 
 Ba<iiaga Bai. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Bai. 
 
 Imla, Vai. 
 
 Malabar, Vdi. 
 
 Sinhalese, Kata. 
 
146 
 
 NOM— NAME— NAME-IMYA— NOMEN. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Ndman. 
 Ism. 
 
 Bask, Izen. 
 
 Finnic, Nimi. 
 
 Magyar, Nev. 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Ad. 
 Caret. 
 Sakhelo. 
 Nera, mre. 
 Gcbu, tsolo. 
 Aran. 
 Wasta. 
 
 _ Malay, Ndma. 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . . Ming. 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . . Ming. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . . Ming. 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, . Mingdeu. 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . . Mian. 
 
 _ Japanese, .... Na. 
 
 Brahuf, Caret. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Gydmi, Minn. 
 
 Gydrung, Tirming. 
 
 Tdkpa, Myeiig. 
 
 Mdnyak, Ming. 
 
 Thochii, 'R.mdh. 
 
 Sokpa, Ner. 
 
 Horpa, Smen. 
 
 Tibetan {written), . . Ming. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . . Ming. 
 
 Serpa, Min. 
 
 Siinwdr, Ne. 
 
 Gurung," Ming. 
 
 Murmi, Min. 
 
 Magar, Ming. 
 
 Thdksya, Min. 
 
 Pdkhya, Ndit. 
 
 Newdr, Ndng. 
 
 limbu, Ming.. 
 
 5S 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhcrcng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, . 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, . 
 
 Ni'mg.. 
 
 Nang.. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Na. 
 
 Naiig^ 
 
 Ning^ 
 
 Di. 
 
 Ning^ 
 
 Nang.. 
 
 Ning. 
 
 Ning.. 
 
 Ning, 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nan.. 
 
 Nang.. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 I 
 1^ 
 
 Ddrhi, Ndydin. 
 
 Denwdr, -^di'/. 
 
 Pahri, -^""g- 
 
 Chepdng, Myeng, 
 
 Bhrdmu, Min. 
 
 Vdyu Ming 
 
 Kirsvvar, -^oiK 
 
 Kusunda, Gij'- 
 
 Thdrii, Nd-ii,ji. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Abridng. 
 
 BhUtdni v. Lhopa, . . Ming. 
 
 
 I 
 
 Mt'mg. 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Dhiffldl, Ming. 
 
 Kocch, Ndm. 
 
 Garo, Miing, 
 
 Kdchdri, Mdmo. 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 h 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Man. 
 
 Min. 
 
 Achu. 
 
 Nzd. 
 
 Min. 
 
 Tenting. 
 
 Tenying. 
 
 Amin. 
 
 A'min. 
 
 Mu. 
 
 Singpho, Ming. 
 
 Burman {written), . . Amin. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Ami. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Nami. 
 
 ICdmi, Amin. 
 
 Kiirai, Amin. 
 
 Emi. 
 
 n. 
 
 Ydmu. 
 
 Amyi, ami, mi. 
 
 Maing. 
 
 Min. 
 
 Tsu. 
 
 Ten. 
 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungli-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, Htso, chii. 
 
 Ahom, Chu. 
 
 Khdmti, Tsu. 
 
 Lacs, TsU. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), .... Nutum, numu. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Niititm. 
 
 Santdli, Gnutum. 
 
 Bhumij, Numu. 
 
 Urdon, Ndm. 
 
 Mundala, Natum. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Ndmi. 
 
 Gondi, Batti, parol, pallo. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolarai, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Caret. 
 
 Khond, Fadda. 
 
 Sdvara, Vonneman. 
 
 Gadaba, Nenimmede. 
 
 Yerukala, Andu. 
 
 Chentsu, Nd. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, .... Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod., .... Pkr. 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Per. 
 
 Telugu, Peru. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Pesaru. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., , . Hesaru. 
 
 Tuluva, Pudar. 
 
 Kurgi, Peda. 
 
 Toduva,) .... Per. 
 
 Toda, j . ... Per. 
 
 Kdta, Per. 
 
 Badaga, Hesaru. 
 
 Kururaba, .... JTessaru,peni. 
 
 Inija, Jlcssuru. 
 
 Malabar, Per, nainam. 
 
 _ Sinhalese, Nana. 
 
CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 
 
 NUIT—NACHT— NIGHT— NOIH—NOX. 
 
 147 
 
 Ty^es. 
 
 
 ' Bodo, .... 
 
 . . Hor. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, 
 <!, (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 . JVak (Vedic), rd^ri. 
 . let/. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 Garo 
 
 Nhishing. 
 . Rdth. 
 . F/iar. 
 
 
 'Bask, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Gate, arrats, zaro. 
 
 ^ 
 
 lachdri, . . . 
 
 . Hor. 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Yo. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . • 
 
 . Ahiiig. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 ■ Ej. 
 
 '^' 
 
 Mfthdn Nilgd, . 
 
 , Rang nak. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gejeh. 
 
 lo 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 Vang niak. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 ■ Kayshey, tsheytshi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 . A'ydh. 
 
 § ■ 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Ghame, gutzilli.* 
 
 V 
 
 Angdrai Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Tizi. 
 
 ■s^ 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Ssuni. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Rangpan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 . Dobori. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Aunu. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Wengi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 A'sangdi. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 . Ddlu. 
 
 s 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 . Kamogah. 
 
 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 . Mdlam. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . Kammo. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 . Ye. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Siri. 
 
 ^A 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Ye. 
 
 , 
 
 Singpho 
 
 . Sind. 
 
 .« 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Ye. 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 Ny'in, nya. 
 
 1 " 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Yd, ydU. 
 
 Sj 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 Nyin, nyd. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Mtn. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 . Aydn.. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Yoru. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 . Makhiin. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K 
 
 Kilmi, .... 
 
 Wadi'im. 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . 
 
 . Wdr. 
 
 5 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Khelo. 
 
 1; 
 
 ^Sdk, 
 
 Handhe. 
 
 g 
 
 Gyiirung, . 
 
 
 
 
 TodA, tongmor. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 . Khatan. 
 
 h 
 
 Tiikpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Senti. 
 
 8 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 . Nail, pdthi. 
 
 ■b 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kwakah. 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 . Miiuah. 
 
 •»2 , 
 
 Thochu, . 
 
 
 
 
 A'shd. 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 . Moha. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Sti. 
 
 E^. 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 . Ka khdn. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Spha. 
 
 h 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 . V)hn. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 
 
 yitshanmo. 
 
 g 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 Thankhen, khiln. 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 
 Chenmo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 Dam. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 Khun. 
 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chemo. 
 
 
 ^ Laos, 
 
 . Khiln. 
 
 
 Silnwdr, 
 Gdrung, 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nado. 
 
 Mhois. 
 
 Mon. 
 
 
 Ho(Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 . Nida. 
 . Nindhd. 
 
 1* 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ndmbik. 
 
 Mun. 
 
 Rdti. 
 
 Chd. 
 
 Kusen, sendik. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gnindd. 
 . Nidhd. 
 . Mdkhd. 
 . Nidak. 
 . Mdke. 
 
 Narka, narkadt. 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Khdkwe. 
 
 •S 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 . Narka. 
 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Khosai. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 . Narka. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Ukhdkhwdi, tikhdko. 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 . Ale. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Ukha khiiit. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 . ■ Andhar. 
 
 <c- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Umsydpa. 
 
 c 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Narka. 
 
 ■l< 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Umkhakhit, akhakhwi. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 . Narka. 
 
 t 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 SeKni. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 . Rdti. 
 
 5 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Domsd, dwdng prime. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 . Namar. 
 
 .'S. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Sepa. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 t'' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Dum'ma, dungma. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 Togolo. 
 
 1 
 
 Bihingya, 
 
 
 
 
 Tytlgndchi. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 . Tungol. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Sen. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Ravu, ndvdru. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 Isembd, semba. 
 
 
 _ Chentsu, . . . . 
 
 . Rdyit. 
 
 > 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Setta. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 . Al. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 Sepd, umsepd. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 Ird, irul. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 ITsenydm. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 
 
 
 
 U'sendm. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 . Irul. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 U'mkhdkhu, kUkhM. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 Reyi, rdtri, ntdpu. 
 
 i 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Rdto. 
 Rdting. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuliiva, . . . 
 
 Iratu. 
 . Iralu. 
 
 t 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Chdndko, chanko. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Iral. 
 
 1 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 Kuswar, . . 
 Kusimda, . . 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 E'ksd, yeksa. 
 
 Rdthi. 
 
 Ing-gai. 
 
 Rdti. 
 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva, ) . . 
 Toda, 1 . . * 
 K6ta, .... 
 Baqlaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iral, beiiu. 
 Caret. 
 . Kag^dr. 
 Kattale. 
 Iru, kattale. 
 Iru. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Irula, .... 
 
 . Rittu. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Sanap, 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 . . Iravu, irattiri, al. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. 
 
 Lh 
 
 opj 
 
 h ■ 
 
 • 
 
 PhM, nammo. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 . . Rce. 
 
148 
 
 HUILE—OEL— OIL— MASLO— OLEUM. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 Tyj>cs. 
 
 
 'Bodo, Thou. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 C/miti. 
 
 ^ (Sanskrit, 
 '§, (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 iaila. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Turi, til, tisi, enda (from 
 
 
 
 Zeit. 
 
 (tj 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tel. [plants of same names). 
 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 Olio. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Tao. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Oljy. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Olaj. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Mangd. 
 
 k" 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Manga. 
 
 ^ 
 
 R 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Zethi. 
 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ttitsii. 
 Kakizu. 
 
 ^ 
 g 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Toson. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tdnthi. 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Nliiieiiggi, iiiien^gi. 
 
 r 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Totsii. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Lenga. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Mdngd. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Lisah. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Tuldng. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 . Mifiak. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Tuldng. 
 
 t=o 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 . Yu. 
 Yu. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Tu. 
 Nam-dn. 
 
 ■■^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Yau. 
 
 •^ 
 a 
 
 ' Burman {written). 
 
 
 Achhi. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Yeu. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Shi. 
 
 -^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 . M. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 To. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Ahura, abua. 
 
 h* 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 S'hi. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Sarou. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 f3 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . 
 
 
 S'hi. 
 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Eue, yu. 
 
 1; 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Siddk. 
 
 
 Gydrung, 
 T.ikpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Chinswi (from mustard). 
 . Kyamar. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Hon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 Kalihn. 
 Tho. 
 
 .b 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 
 
 
 ['chh-d, itira. 
 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 Thu. 
 
 "^ ■« 
 
 Thochii, 
 
 
 
 
 Chingyi'i. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Numan. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Mdchiiithoso. 
 
 |. 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Namatt. 
 
 § 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Marnak. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Ddii. 
 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 Yibriimdr. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Namait, nam, man. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {spoken). 
 
 
 
 Ni'm. 
 
 % 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Man ngd. 
 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Nam, man. 
 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 NAm. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Nam, man. 
 
 1 
 
 ■a 
 J. 
 
 1 
 
 Sunwdr, 
 
 Gurung, 
 
 Murmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thaksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newar, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 Gyo. 
 
 C/iugii. 
 
 Chigi'i. 
 
 Sidi. 
 
 Chhigu. 
 
 Tel. 
 
 Chikang. 
 
 Nmge. 
 
 A'wd. 
 Beli 
 
 1 
 
 • Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singt 
 Santdli, 
 Bhumij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, 
 
 ibhum), 
 
 
 Suniim. 
 
 Siinum. 
 
 Suniim, kade (oil-cake). 
 
 Siiniim. 
 
 Issum. 
 
 Sunam. 
 
 Isgne. 
 
 Ning, ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 A'h' wa. 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Nane. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Kiya. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Nitne. 
 
 o 
 
 Nachhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Tel. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 
 Ni, nai, niyu. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 AN mi. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 
 Nei. 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Kkva. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 
 Sum'im. 
 
 s 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 Tilydm. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 
 Yana. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Khildm. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 
 Niju. 
 
 s 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Tel. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Miyyalo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 Gydwa. 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 
 Sol. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Kewa. 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 
 Rganna, vanna. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Kiya. 
 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 
 
 Tel. 
 
 '< 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ah' wd. 
 
 
 ' Tami}, anc 
 
 t • t 
 
 
 Ntyam. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 KhW lam. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 Ennei, nei, ninam. 
 
 
 Diirni, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khilein. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Khilain. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod,, 
 
 
 Enna. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Aliwd. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Niine. 
 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tel. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, , 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 tj, 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 Tel. 
 
 .i^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Entie. 
 
 <^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Sit. 
 
 <; 
 
 Tukiva, . . . 
 
 
 Eniie. 
 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 Sate, liko. 
 Asd. 
 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Tocluva," 
 Toda, 
 K6ta, . . 
 
 
 
 Yitfine, 
 Enn. 
 
 e; 
 
 S 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 Ki. 
 
 Tel. 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 Entiei. 
 Yenne. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . , 
 
 
 
 Tins;. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Yenne. 
 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 J o 
 
 Tela. 
 
 
 Kurumlja, 
 
 
 
 Yenne. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 
 
 Enne. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Ennei, thylam. 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. 
 
 Lhop 
 
 X, . 
 
 
 Mdkhi'i. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Tel. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] PLANTAIN— PISANG— PLANTAIN— INDiJSKOE RASTYENIE— PLANTAGO. 149 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, . . . 
 
 . Xada/L 
 
 "1, (Arabic, . 
 
 
 . Lis&nilhamal. 
 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 
 Zavtbelar. 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 6: 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 0^ 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Gidang. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 . Pisang. 
 
 
 _ Malay, .... 
 
 . Pisaiig. 
 
 
 r Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Tsiaou. 
 
 bfl 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Chiaou. 
 
 ■•S 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Tsiii. 
 
 -s 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Gengchio. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 . Ohako. 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ■<5 
 
 ' Gydmi, .... 
 
 . Mdchoukcr. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Gydrung, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 h 
 
 Tilkpa, .... 
 
 Lainrcp. 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 a. 
 
 Thochii, .... 
 
 Sarmi. 
 
 .« 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Tibetan {wriUeit), 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 G 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), . . 
 
 . Grdld, gndld. 
 
 
 'Serpa, 
 
 . Langasi. 
 
 "? 
 
 Siinwdr, . .. . 
 
 . Miijhi. 
 
 
 Gurung, .... 
 
 . Kala. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Miirmi, .... 
 
 . Moche. 
 
 ^- 
 
 Magar, .... 
 
 Mocha. 
 
 
 Thiksya, .... 
 
 Tatung-ro. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Pdkhya, .... 
 
 . Kela. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, .... 
 
 Mwai. 
 
 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 . LdseH. 
 
 
 ncirdnti, .... 
 
 Gndksi. 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 Gnos't. 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, . . 
 
 Gnaksi. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 Gndkldsi. 
 
 <c- ■ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 
 Li-gndksi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 Gndksi. 
 
 < 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 Chemokla. 
 
 I 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 Balchi. 
 
 ii 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 Li-gnoksi, 
 
 I*- 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 Le-gnoksi. 
 
 A 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 Grdmuchl. 
 
 ■CJ 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 Chdngmak'. 
 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 9 
 
 Gndkldbu. 
 
 i^ 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 Gndkldsi. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 Gndlasi. 
 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 
 Legndsi. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 Legndksi. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 Gndksi. 
 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 Kera. 
 
 ,*• 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 Kera. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 Mosyi, mozyi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 Mlesai, maise. 
 
 r^ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 Ungsye. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Viyu, . . . 
 
 
 Risd. 
 
 F 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 Kera. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 Mochd. 
 
 ^ [ 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 Kera. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Karddng. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lh 
 
 opa, . . 
 
 Gndld. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 'b 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 I 
 
 t^ 
 
 to 
 
 .a 
 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Novvgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Dcoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {■written), 
 Burman {^spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toiing, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum^ 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gonrli, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Teliigu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tukiva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Thdllt, laiphdng. 
 
 Yi'imphi. 
 
 Kollo. 
 
 Laktai. 
 
 Tali. 
 
 Lapoi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Afango. 
 
 Tehcasi. 
 
 Kicke. 
 
 Sainum. 
 
 Mongo. 
 
 Kopagil. 
 
 Kopagc. 
 
 Tvzii. 
 
 Lungii. 
 
 Nghakpyo. 
 
 Nghetpyo. 
 
 Nhdmpau. 
 
 Kati. 
 
 KM. 
 
 Dciigh'ii. 
 
 Tsaii. 
 
 Tlpyat. 
 
 Tlikwi, ihalacii. 
 
 Tliakwi. 
 
 Gmi. 
 
 Kic'd. 
 
 Shiioi. 
 
 Kalway, kluc. 
 
 Kill. 
 
 Ktie. 
 
 Kue. 
 
 Kadal. 
 Kodal. 
 Ka'era. 
 Kodal. 
 Kera. 
 Kela. 
 Kalvi. 
 
 Ker, kera {kerhig, pL). 
 Ker. 
 Kera. 
 Kela. 
 Kor. 
 
 Kedi, dugadi. 
 Caret. 
 
 Kete {thora =: wild). 
 Walasadi. 
 Tddi. 
 Kinte. 
 Viisubullu. 
 Nivdle. 
 Kodel, sodail. 
 Caret. 
 Vdzhei. 
 Caret. 
 Vdsha. 
 
 Arati, arati-pandii. 
 Caret. 
 Bdle. 
 Bdle. 
 Bale. 
 Caret. 
 Pdvoin. 
 Vdhanne. 
 Bldehamiit. 
 Palehanmi. 
 Pdlepdmlm. 
 Vdlei. 
 Kesel. 
 
I50 
 
 RIVIERE— FLUSS— RIVER— RGEKA—FLUMEN. 
 
 [chap, IV.— nouns. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 & 
 
 1 (Sanskrit, . . 
 <t, |Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 
 *> 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 
 
 s" 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 5 ■ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 
 jAVANiisii, Ngoko, 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 ,fe^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 ■ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Brahuf, ... 
 
 •^ 
 
 'Gydmi, . . 
 
 S 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 h 
 
 Takpa, 
 
 
 i 
 
 Manyak, 
 
 
 
 
 Thochii, , 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 •£. 
 
 Horpa, , . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tibetan {wriUeit), 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 ^ Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 'v' 
 
 Sdnwir, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Murmi, 
 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 vi. 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newir, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 !> 
 
 Waling, . . 
 
 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 ^ 
 
 Chounlsya, . 
 
 
 
 KuUingya, 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 ci 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Vj 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Scing-pdng, . 
 Diimi, . . . 
 Khdling, ^ . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 •< 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Chepilng, . , 
 
 
 
 IMinlinu, . . 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 
 CO 
 
 _ Thdra, . . . 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhop 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 ' Bodo, Dot (water), do'li;edet, doisha. 
 
 ?\ r J' 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 Chi (water), badkachi, 
 
 Nadi. 
 
 1^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 Nodi, tarang. \inhoikachi. 
 
 Nahr. 
 
 bi 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Chi. 
 
 Ibai, errio. 
 
 ^ 
 
 [Kdchdri, . 
 
 
 
 JDaisa, daima. 
 
 Kymi. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Turel. 
 
 Folyain. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Lhtia. 
 
 Chay. 
 
 |i 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Yang nil. 
 
 Tshai. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Atsii. 
 
 Mdinare. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kharr. 
 
 Ghol, glwol. 
 
 ,fc 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Joan. 
 
 Eycii, bira, biragdn, sckiycn. 
 
 ? 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tsiilatsii. 
 
 Kali. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tiild. 
 
 Lcpcn. 
 
 i 
 
 Abor Miri, 
 
 
 Asie. 
 
 Si'mgei. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Abtinge. 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, , 
 
 
 Jimaji. 
 
 Ho., kiaiig. 
 Ho, chiaiig. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Khd. 
 
 Ho kon^ 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 
 Mrach. 
 
 U. 
 
 £ 
 
 Burnaan (spoken), . 
 
 
 Myit. 
 
 Kciiig. ho. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Khyeng v, Shou, 
 
 
 Haloiing. 
 
 Kawa, 
 
 * 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 
 Kavd. 
 
 
 
 Kumi, .... 
 
 
 Kawi'i. 
 
 Darydv. 
 
 "1 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Au. 
 
 
 is 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Pisi. 
 
 Shi'ii. 
 
 "^ 
 
 
 
 
 Tichi. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Pi. 
 
 Chhi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, , , 
 
 
 Tiklo, klo. 
 
 Dydh. 
 Chabrdh. 
 
 .ft 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Tikluk. 
 
 (3 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Nhrong. 
 
 Wassi'i, lisi'i. 
 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Ndnhowk. 
 
 Hrdh. 
 
 Annamitic, , . 
 
 
 Sojig. 
 
 Gtsangpo. 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Mayna, menam. 
 
 Chdngpo. 
 
 .5 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Khe. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Khyenam. 
 
 Hyi'mg. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Namme. 
 
 Likii. 
 
 Khwong. 
 
 Syong. 
 
 Khold. 
 
 Umdakytt. 
 
 Khola. 
 
 Klmsi. 
 
 Chtia, liiohong. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Garra, gada (?), 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Garra. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Ndi, sakada, gdda (?), mu?i- 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Garra. \du. 
 
 Khdr, khad {?). 
 
 Garra. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Dondd, jhodi, dhoda. 
 
 Hongki'i. 
 
 .«■ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Jhodi. 
 
 Wd hwdi. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Kiirergangd. 
 
 Hongki'i. 
 
 5 
 
 Naikude, , . . 
 
 
 Peni. 
 
 Wdhoh' ma. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 Pcni. 
 
 Hung krti'ama. 
 
 c! 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Pereridota. 
 
 Hong' ma. 
 
 ^> 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 {Per = water.) 
 
 Horn,'' ma. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Gada. 
 
 Gi'/lo. 
 
 
 Kcikddi, . . . 
 
 
 A'r. 
 
 Yo7iid. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Jodi. 
 
 Ki'irku. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 Ndyi. 
 
 Gi'ilo. 
 
 
 Gadaba, , . , 
 
 
 Roggilu. 
 
 Yiiwa, hong'ma. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , , 
 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Wdyd. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Loddi, ladi. 
 
 Hong'ma. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 
 Variiptinal. 
 
 Hokoma, hongkoma. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., , . 
 
 
 A'ru. 
 
 Rfi. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Vo, kd-wd. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 
 
 Piizha, dra. 
 
 Hongma. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . , 
 
 
 E'ru. 
 
 Khold. 
 Ldri. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 
 Pole. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 
 
 Hole. 
 
 Khdrd. 
 
 •> 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Tude. 
 
 Kyi'i, goro. 
 
 Gihli'il. 
 
 Gang, bimbo, bingmit. 
 
 Kosi. 
 
 i 
 
 Kurgi, . , 
 Toduva,) 
 Torla, ; 
 K(5ta, . . 
 
 
 
 Pole. 
 Pd. 
 Pa. 
 Peye, pevi. 
 
 Gimmekond. 
 
 
 Badaga, , 
 
 
 
 Halla, holla. 
 
 Khold. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, , , 
 
 
 
 Niri'i. 
 Palla. 
 
 Ongkyong. 
 
 
 Malabar, , 
 
 
 
 Ydru, kangei. 
 
 Chhukyong. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, , 
 
 
 
 Ganga. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 CHEMIN—STRASSE— ROAD— DOROGA— VIA. 
 
 151 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, 
 t|, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 ■g, Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan {wrilten), 
 
 Tibetan [spoken), 
 
 'Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 GUrung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newiir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thuluiigya, 
 
 BAhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 Bildli, . . 
 
 S£ng-pdng, 
 
 Dumi, . . 
 
 Khiiling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ■ Dcirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 
 
 Mdrga, pathiii. 
 Tar'ik, darb. 
 
 Bide, kamio. 
 
 Tie. 
 
 Ut. 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Oghogu. 
 
 Gza. 
 
 Tergheghur, zam. 
 
 Doro, dshugon, giya. 
 
 Chalan. 
 
 Margi. 
 
 Jdlan. 
 
 Lu. 
 Lu. 
 Lo. 
 Lu. 
 Lo. 
 Michi. 
 
 ICasar. 
 
 Li'l 
 
 Tri. 
 
 Lemdaug. 
 
 Rdh. 
 
 Grih. 
 
 Chdm. 
 
 Cheh. 
 
 Lam. 
 
 Lani. 
 
 Lam. 
 
 Ld. 
 
 Kydn. 
 
 Ghyam. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ghydm. 
 
 Bdio. 
 
 Lon. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldmbo. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm' bu. ■ 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldm, IdmpM. 
 
 Ldmbo. 
 
 Ldm.- 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Ldmdaii. 
 
 Ldmdo. 
 
 Ldm. 
 
 Pdnya. 
 Bdt. 
 JLong. 
 Lydm. 
 
 U'mmd. 
 
 Loin. 
 
 Bdt. 
 
 Won. ■ 
 Rastd. 
 
 Laum. 
 Ldm. 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 
 ft:i 
 
 Bodo, I^dmd. 
 
 Dhimd.1, Ddntd. 
 
 Kocch, Pod, sorok. 
 
 Garo, Latn. 
 
 Kichdri, Lama. 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndg.i, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khiri Ncigd, . . 
 Angilmi Nilgtl, . 
 Ncimsilng Ndgil, , 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 h\ 
 
 t\ 
 
 I 
 
 Caret. 
 Lam. 
 Lam. 
 . Ndi. 
 . C/nl/i. 
 Lam. 
 Lcmang. 
 . . Unglan. 
 . . Lambeil. 
 . . Ldmte. 
 . . Tsdgu. 
 . . . Ldm. 
 
 Burman (written), . . Lam. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . . Ldn, (dm. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Ldm. 
 
 Kdmi, Ldng. 
 
 Kiimi, Ldm. 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . . Tamd. 
 
 Sdk, Ldng 
 
 IChapann.- 
 
 Kldi, khle. 
 
 Pungthah. 
 
 LClaytantha. 
 
 Tan. 
 
 T>d7ig. 
 
 Talain v. Men, . . 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 Shdn, ..... 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Siamese, , Hontdn, thdng. 
 
 Ahom, Tdng. 
 
 Khdmti, Tdng 
 
 Laos, Tang. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... ILord. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . Horra. 
 
 Santdli, Har, dahdr. 
 
 Bhdmij, Horren. 
 
 Urdon, Ddhdri. 
 
 Mundala, Hoi'ah. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Sarke. 
 
 Gondi, Sarri. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Caret. 
 
 Khond, Pdhori. 
 
 ■ Sdvara, Tangora. 
 
 Gadaba, ..... L'Cungoru. 
 
 Yerukala, Yegi. 
 
 Chentsu, ' Bdt. 
 
 Tami], anc, .... Neri. 
 
 Tamil, mod Vazhi. 
 
 Malaydlma, sine, . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., . . Vazhi. 
 
 Telugu, DAri, dbva, bdta. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . Pddi. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . ILddi. 
 
 Tuluva, Sddi. 
 
 Kurgi, Batte. 
 
 Toduva,| .... Morg. 
 
 Toda, j .... A'lddr. 
 
 K6ta, Aldre. 
 
 Baraga, Ddri. 
 
 Kurumba, .... Dari. 
 
 Iruja Beii, dadda. 
 
 Malabar, Thcni, vithi, valzi. 
 
 _ Sinhalese, Mdvata. 
 
152 
 
 SEL- S ALZ— S A LT— SOL— SAL. 
 
 [chap, IV.— nouns. 
 
 Types. 
 
 '•g 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 Lavana. 
 
 "I, (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 Milh. 
 
 
 'Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Gatz. 
 
 Suola. 
 
 So. 
 
 b^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Tuz. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Zogho, shugu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Marili. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Daboson, dahusiiii 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Debsun, dabsuii. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Uyah. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Sariin. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Gdram. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Yen. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Yen. 
 
 5?" 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 I'm. 
 
 •§ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Yen. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 lam. 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 Liwo. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Be. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ■ Gy^mi, . . 
 
 
 
 Yan. 
 
 t:; 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Chhe. 
 
 .» 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Tsd. 
 
 ih 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Cheh. 
 
 ■CJ , 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 Cheh. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Tdvoso. 
 
 s; 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 . Chhdh. 
 
 ,s 
 
 Tibetan {mitten), 
 
 
 
 Tshd. 
 
 3 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 ^ Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chhd. 
 Chhd. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Siinwdr, 
 
 
 
 Yusi. 
 
 p 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 
 
 Chdchd. 
 
 ■s 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Chdchd. 
 
 s 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 Chd 
 
 
 Thiksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Chacha. 
 
 <, 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 
 
 Nun. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ne,wdr, . . 
 ^ Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rod on g, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 ChhL 
 Yt'tm. 
 
 Yum. 
 Rihn. 
 YuiH. 
 Yum. 
 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Ram. 
 Yum. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Yi'iiii. 
 
 ,^ 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 Yo/i si. 
 
 is. 
 
 KiiUingya, 
 
 
 
 Glim. 
 
 tN 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Yo. 
 
 r^ 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 YM si. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Yum. 
 
 S 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Yum. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Yim. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Ri'tm. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ram. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Ram. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Yum. 
 
 
 fDdrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Nun. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 Nun. 
 
 <; 
 
 Pahi-i, . . . 
 
 
 
 C/ii/nl. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 Se. 
 
 ■^ , 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 
 Chhd. 
 
 (i; 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chia, jikhom. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 Nun. 
 
 Kusunda, . , 
 
 
 
 Huk vi. 
 
 ft:) 
 
 L Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Nun. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Vom. 
 
 
 Bhijtdni v. Lhop 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Chhd 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 
 
 Shyi'tngkdre, sayimgkri, 
 
 1° 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 . Dese. [sankhri 
 
 f^ . 
 
 Kocch, . 
 
 
 
 . Mm (y«27i/ia/= saltpetre). 
 
 fq 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 . Syang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Shoonkri. 
 . Thiim. 
 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 . Hum. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 . Hum. 
 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 . Machi. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 . Matse. 
 
 ■j. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Sum. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 . MatsU. 
 
 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Machi. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 A'lu. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 A'llo. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Siln. 
 
 
 _ Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Jum. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 ■ Burman (im-itten), 
 
 
 Chhd 
 
 1 
 
 Burman.(j'M'''«)> • 
 
 
 S'hd 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Tsi. 
 
 h' 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Maloi. 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Piloi. 
 
 ^ 
 p 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Wis'hd 
 
 
 .Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Sting. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Hon, . 
 
 
 Po. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 lihah. 
 
 .8 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Tilah. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Td 
 
 i 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Ko. 
 
 S ^ 
 
 Annainitic, . . 
 
 
 Mudi. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Kd lo, kkiia. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 JUu. 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Kit. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Keu, kem. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Bulung. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Bulung. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Bulung, khdrd (adj.). 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 
 Bulling. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Bekh. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Bulang. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 Beke. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Sabbar, sawod. 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 Sawod. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Sawor. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Sup. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Sup. 
 
 c2 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 A'wori, howar. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 Howar. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Biilitm. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 Vpu. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Vuppanga. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Basi. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 Bitti. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 
 
 Sonava. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Niin. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 
 Uppit. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc. 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod.. 
 
 
 Uppa. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Vpptt. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc. 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 s 
 
 Tukiva, . . 
 
 
 Upp. 
 
 i 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 .1 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 
 
 Uppu. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Uppu, lavanam. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Lunu. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 PEAU-HAUT-SKIN-KOJA-CUTIS. 
 
 153 
 
 fep 
 
 Types. 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, 
 >^ (Arabic, 
 
 'Bask, . 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 s 
 s 
 
 fe> 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 ft? 
 
 3 
 
 •s 
 11 
 
 t 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochil, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Siinw^r, 
 
 Gilrung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 N^chhereng, 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bihingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BiMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 r D^rhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Th^ni, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Charman. 
 Jild, kishr. 
 
 Larru, narru. 
 
 Nahka. 
 
 Bor. 
 
 Derek. 
 
 Shuway. 
 
 Kani. 
 
 Arison. 
 
 Feri. 
 
 Kulit. 
 
 Kulit. 
 
 Kulit. 
 
 Pi. 
 
 n. 
 
 Pi. 
 Bi. 
 
 PL 
 Kawa. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phicha. 
 
 Tidri. 
 
 Phyekh. 
 
 Gra/i. 
 
 Rdpi. 
 
 Sdrt't. 
 
 Gla. 
 
 Pdgspa. 
 
 Pdgpa. 
 
 Koppa. 
 
 Xiisyiil 
 
 JDM. 
 
 Dibhi. 
 
 Chdla. 
 
 Dili. 
 
 Chhdla. ^ 
 
 Syu, chegA. 
 
 Horik, saho. 
 
 U'Jiok bd. 
 
 Hiilepd. 
 
 ffokwa, sahokwa. 
 
 Sdhokwa. 
 
 Sdhok. 
 
 Sdhok. 
 
 Sdho wdrik. 
 
 Kwalite, kok'te. 
 
 Soko wdri. 
 
 KwoKsi, kok'si, kokte. 
 
 Kok'si, koksyu. 
 
 Sdhok. 
 
 SdhoKwa. 
 
 SdM. 
 
 SdhoKwa. 
 
 Sdkd. 
 
 Sakd. 
 
 Hokwa, umhokwa, sahokwa. 
 
 Chdla. 
 
 Chdla. 
 
 Chiigra. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kokcho. 
 
 Chdla. 
 
 Gitdn. 
 
 Chdm. 
 
 Athun kombo. 
 Pdko, kompo. 
 
 §0 
 
 f 
 
 I 
 
 
 C 
 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . ' 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mlthin Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgil, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong N.igd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsilgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burin an {written), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi 
 
 t^ 1 
 to 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Hon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gad aba, . 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . , 
 
 Tamil, anc, . , 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Kurgi, . . . . 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Tod a, j . . 
 K6ta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 
 Iruja 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Bisfi'tr. 
 
 Dhdlc. 
 
 Chamra. 
 
 Holop. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ul. 
 
 Khoan. 
 
 Soil. 
 
 Tagap. 
 
 Bikhr. 
 
 A'khuoti. 
 
 Takap. 
 
 Takap. 
 
 Diimoer. 
 
 Asiig. 
 
 Chiliiitt. 
 
 Phi. 
 
 Sdre. 
 
 y.'hdye, axd. 
 
 Wi'in. 
 
 Apliii. 
 
 Pe. 
 
 Pi. 
 
 Mi-lak, 
 
 Nan. 
 
 Talipi, aphe. 
 
 Tsapate. 
 
 Phro. 
 
 Natin. 
 
 Da. 
 
 Nann, nang. 
 
 Plek. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Nang. 
 
 Caret. 
 Ur. 
 
 Hdrtd. 
 Ur. 
 
 Cltapta. 
 Harta. 
 Chdme. 
 Tol. 
 Tol. 
 Caret. 
 Tolka. 
 Tol. 
 Tol. 
 Tol. 
 Katre. 
 Tohc. 
 Pdndd. 
 Wusdl. 
 Artd. 
 Tdlu. 
 Chamadd. 
 
 Adal. 
 
 ToL 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tol. 
 
 Tblu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tovalu, togalu. 
 
 Tolu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Torra. 
 
 Tuvarsh. 
 
 Tuval. 
 
 Tolu. 
 
 Tolu. 
 
 Tolu. 
 
 Thol, tlioli. 
 
 Hama, 
 
154 
 
 CIEL— LUFTRAUM— SKY— NEBO— CCELUM. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 1 
 
 'Bodo, Nokhordng. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 <!, (Arabic, . , 
 
 
 
 
 Div, dkas'a. 
 Satnd, falak. 
 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Sorgi. 
 
 Sworg. 
 
 Sorg. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Zeru. 
 Taiwas. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 JCdchdri, . 
 ■ Munipuri,. 
 
 
 
 Nokorangsa. 
 Nidhoripak. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Eg. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 g) 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Getik. 
 
 a 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Aning. 
 
 55 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tsa. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Thi. 
 
 ■s^ 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Okhdarghoi, noae,X s;dadu.^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd,. 
 
 
 Rdngtung. 
 
 t! 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Abkha. 
 
 r 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Mabat. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 La7igit. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Phumching. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 
 Laiigit. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Teong. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Langit. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Domilr. 
 
 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Pichoni. 
 
 
 CHINESE, JNankm, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Tien. 
 Tien. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Mu. 
 
 & 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Tin. 
 
 a 
 
 ■ Burman (writicn), 
 
 
 Mogh. 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Tien-K iing, fin-Mng. 
 
 £ 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Mo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Tin. 
 Sora, 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Khyeng v, Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Hanmhi. 
 Khati, khi't. 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 R 
 
 Kilmi, .... 
 
 
 Kant. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Mil. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Khen. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 .Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Kounggotinglak. 
 
 Si 
 
 Gy^rung, . . 
 
 
 
 Tumon, teumeun. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Parwai. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Navidihig. 
 
 |- 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Mu'kpolo, muhko. 
 
 fe 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Mah. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Tserpohpain. 
 
 ■■a 
 
 K 
 
 Thoch^i, . . 
 
 
 
 Mahto. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Mo. 
 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Thenggre. 
 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Hpa. 
 
 Si 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Koh. 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Trb'i. 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 
 
 Nam-khdh. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Akat, fa. 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan upolicn). 
 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 8 
 
 ■S 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Fa. 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Fa. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Fafon. 
 
 ■s 
 1 
 
 ^2 
 
 Silnwdr, . . 
 Giirung, . , 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Sardngi. 
 Tundi, mt'tn. 
 Mil. 
 Sarang. 
 Mu. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sirma. 
 
 Chat, sermd, rifnil (clouds). 
 
 Rimmil. 
 
 Mirkha. 
 
 1 
 
 P^khya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Sarga. 
 Sarag. 
 Temsdkpd. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, . . . . 
 
 
 Irma. 
 
 Sardnge. 
 
 Bddiir (?), abhar. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . . 
 
 
 
 Nam-cho. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Abhar. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Sarqam. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Ndmchok. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Akdsh. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Ndmchhiiru. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Abhdr, paiti. 
 
 1 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ndnichho. 
 Sag'ra. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 Mddia,. . . . 
 
 
 A' Id, inoyule. 
 Desub. 
 
 !^ 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tdng-khydng. 
 
 
 Kuri 
 
 
 Agas, badrdjd. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Dwdm. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 Mdnd. 
 
 N 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Chhi'iburi, netwa neto. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Mudengi. 
 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Dwdmu, 
 
 
 Sdvara', , . . 
 
 
 Agdsd. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, , 
 
 
 
 
 Dwdmt'ifi, 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . , 
 
 
 Kondd. 
 
 ■■g 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Ndminhigma. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 
 
 Menu. 
 
 ,5 
 
 Lambichhonf 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 A'tto, ndmchhlri. 
 
 
 Chentsu, , . . 
 
 
 Sarg. 
 
 S5 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, , . 
 Khdling, _ . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 • Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, , . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Ndm. 
 
 . Nindmhohi, nanundmchho. 
 
 . Ndmtu. 
 
 . Dhdm. 
 
 . Ndm. 
 
 . Sdrdg 
 . Sdrdg 
 . Sdrdg. 
 . Sdrdg. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nomo. 
 
 Sdrdng. 
 
 Ldgdi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, ^"c., . . 
 Tamil, mod,, . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Vin. 
 Vdnam. 
 Caret. 
 Vdnam. 
 
 Mitinu, dkds'amu. 
 Mugihi, bdn, bdnu. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Tuliiva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,") 
 Toda, f 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 
 od., 
 
 
 Elarvatte. 
 Caret. " 
 Caret. 
 Pone. 
 Ban. 
 Vaname. 
 Banu. 
 Bana. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Inih, . . 
 
 
 
 Vanu. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Talidng. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Vdnam. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. LI 
 
 lop 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Ahasa', 
 
CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 
 
 SERPENT— SCHLANGE— SNAKE— ZMYEYA— SERPENS. 
 
 155 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■g (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 8 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 
 I 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tctkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan (■written) 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Sdnwdr, 
 Gilrung, 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr; 
 Limbu, 
 
 I 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dtimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyii, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 AM, sarpa. 
 Heyyat. 
 
 Suge, 
 
 Karmet. 
 
 Kigyo. 
 
 Yilan. 
 
 Bky. 
 
 Gweli. 
 
 Moghar, mogai. 
 
 Mogai, meike, meikhe. 
 
 Ula. 
 
 Sawer. 
 
 Ular, 
 
 S/iie. 
 
 She. 
 
 She, 
 
 Tsdng-zo. 
 
 Chda. 
 
 Hebi, febi. 
 
 Caret. .,•.,, !" 
 
 Shre. 
 
 Khabri. 
 
 Mn'ti. 
 
 BrL 
 
 Brigi. 
 
 Thole. 
 
 Phri. 
 
 SbrilL 
 
 Den. 
 
 Briil. 
 
 B-^sa. 
 
 Bhug^ri. 
 
 PAMri. 
 
 BM. 
 
 Pudhi. 
 
 Sdpa. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Osek. 
 
 Pachdm. 
 
 Piichho. 
 
 Piichhdm. 
 
 P-dchhd. 
 
 Pu-ii. 
 
 Puchhdp, piickham. 
 
 P^chdk. 
 
 Bisa. 
 
 Pu. 
 
 Ph'A chyA 
 
 BAsd. 
 
 PiUse, pusema. 
 
 Pu. 
 
 Pii. 
 
 Pii. 
 
 Bhe't. 
 
 Bhe'i, 
 
 Pi'ichhdp, 
 
 Sdmp. 
 
 Sdmp. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Lii. 
 
 Pdigu. 
 
 Hobii. 
 
 Sdmp. 
 
 Toil. 
 
 Sdpa. 
 
 Beu. 
 Beu. 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 f5 
 
 h 
 s 
 to 
 
 I 
 4 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, , . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgi, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndg4 . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou. 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, ... 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toiuigh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . , 
 
 Khdnati, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum| 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yemkala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tami], mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karijdtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Jibo, 
 
 Piinhd. 
 
 Sdmp (gohoma = cohra.). 
 
 DApi. 
 
 Jibu, 
 
 Lil. 
 Pu. 
 Pu. 
 
 Ahu. 
 
 Thinhye. 
 
 Pu. 
 
 Pilrr. 
 
 Phalli. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tdbbe. 
 
 Dubit. 
 
 Lapi'i. 
 
 Mrwe. 
 
 Myue, mywa. 
 
 Phol. 
 
 Makhiii. 
 
 Ptiwi. 
 
 Taroa (tadoa 1), 
 
 KapA. 
 
 Tharun {fa4un 1). 
 
 Ghu, git, ms,u. 
 
 G/m. 
 
 H'm. 
 
 Ngu. 
 
 Ran. 
 
 Ngu, ngU. 
 
 JVgo. 
 
 Ngii. 
 
 Ngu. 
 
 Bing. 
 
 Bing. 
 
 Bing. 
 
 Nir. 
 
 Bing. 
 
 Ner. 
 
 Tadds {tar as T). 
 
 Tadas. 
 
 Tadas. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pam. 
 
 Tadas, tadasi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bing. 
 
 Pamu. 
 
 Lordse. 
 
 /a. 
 
 Budubu. 
 
 Ttina. 
 
 Sdp. 
 
 Kadsevi, 
 
 Pdmbu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pdmba. 
 
 Pdmu, 
 
 Pdvu. 
 
 Hdvu. 
 
 Parapunu. 
 
 Pambu. 
 
 Pab. 
 
 Pdb. 
 
 Pdbc. 
 
 Hdvu, pdmbu. 
 
 Havii. 
 
 Pdmbu. 
 
 Pdmbu. 
 
 Sarpaya. 
 
156 
 
 ETOILE— STERN— STAR— ZVYEZDA— STELLA. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 7)>pes. 
 
 ■I \ 
 
 Sanskrit, . 
 
 
 . Tdrd. 
 
 \ (Arabic, . 
 
 
 Nijm, kaukab. 
 
 'n 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 
 Izar. 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 . Tahti. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 Czillagzat. 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 . Yildiz. 
 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 Ushago, dshogha. 
 
 i ■ 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 Warskidavi. 
 
 6; 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 Odon, fottagi-X 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 . Usikha. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Liiitang. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Lintaiig. 
 
 . 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Bintang. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 . Sing. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Using, 
 
 & 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Sing. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . Sing. 
 
 1 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Cliin. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 . Hoshi. 
 
 Brahui, .... 
 
 . Istdr. 
 
 5' 
 
 Gydmi, .... 
 
 Singhsyi'i. 
 
 K 
 
 Gydrung, .... 
 
 . Tsini. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 . Karma. 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 . Krah. 
 
 ■vj 
 
 Thochii, .... 
 
 Ghada. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, ... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 . Sgre. 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 Skarma. 
 
 i 
 
 Tibetan [spoken), . . 
 
 . Karma. 
 
 
 Serpa, 
 
 Karma. 
 
 -A 
 
 Siinwdr, .... 
 
 Sortt. 
 
 1 
 
 Giirung, .... 
 
 Pird, tdrgya. 
 
 o 
 
 § 
 
 Miirmi, .... 
 
 . Karchin. 
 
 1 • 
 
 Magar 
 
 . Bhuga. 
 
 s 
 
 Thaksya, .... 
 
 Sar. 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya 
 
 . Tdrd. 
 
 Newir, .... 
 
 . Nagi'i. 
 
 
 Limbu, . . . . 
 
 . Kheseva. 
 
 
 Kirdnti, . . . . 
 
 Sdngyen. 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 . Pitipya, pitappa. 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, . . 
 
 ■ Sdng-gen. 
 
 
 Chhingtilngya, . , 
 
 Chok chongi. 
 
 c 
 
 Ndchhcreng, . . . 
 
 Saiiggci' 7t<a. 
 
 §, 
 
 Wdling, . . . . 
 
 Sanggai-ina. ' 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . . . . 
 
 Chokch'igi. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, . . . 
 
 Son I. 
 
 SS 
 
 Kulungya, . , . 
 
 Si'ingger. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Swar. 
 
 G 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . . 
 
 Son'i. 
 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 Sdnge, sdnggemmd. 
 
 i; 
 
 Lambichhong, . . 
 
 Chokchonggi. 
 
 "< 
 
 Bdldli, 
 
 Sungeinmd. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . 
 
 SanggeuH. 
 
 
 Diimi, 
 
 Songger. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . . . 
 
 Songgar. 
 
 
 _ Dungmdli, . . . 
 
 Saiiggaund. 
 
 -^* 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, 
 
 Tirya, tirya. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . . . 
 
 . Tdrdi. 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Nihiggi, nunggni. 
 
 Chepdng, .... 
 
 . Kar. 
 
 
 ■ Bhrdrnu, . . . , 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Vdyu, 
 
 Khwdmcu. 
 
 J 
 
 Kuswar, . . . . 
 
 . Tdral 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, .... 
 
 . Inggai. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdru, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 Suhor. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. I 
 
 Jiopa, . 
 
 . Kdm. 
 
 ^ 
 •^ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 h 
 
 S 
 
 •§ 
 's 
 
 c^ 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 _ Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, . 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 Burman [written), 
 Burman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 
 .Sdk, . . , 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, 
 Bhdmij, , 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 ' Tamij, anc, 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 Malaydlma, anc. 
 
 Malaydima, mod 
 
 Telugii, . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 
 Tujuva, 
 
 Kurgi, . 
 
 Todtiva,) 
 
 Toda, I 
 
 Kdta, . , 
 
 Badaga, , 
 
 Kuj-umba, 
 
 Iruk, . , 
 
 Malabar, , 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 Hdthotkhi. 
 Pht'iro. 
 Tdrd. 
 Laitan. 
 Hatttrki (pi.). 
 
 Thomncha. 
 Lethi. 
 Chdhd. 
 Peti. 
 Themil. 
 Merik. 
 Pitinii. 
 Lutingting. 
 Tdkdr. 
 Tdkdr. 
 Jiti. 
 Sigan. 
 
 Krc. 
 
 Kye, kyay. 
 
 A'as/ie. 
 
 As'hi. 
 
 Kasi. 
 
 Kirek. 
 
 Thageingthi. 
 
 Noung. 
 
 T'sah, htsah. 
 
 Tsah. 
 
 H'sa. 
 
 Loung. 
 
 Tinh. 
 
 Touk, ddu. 
 
 Dau. 
 
 Naii. 
 
 Ldu. 
 
 Ipil. 
 
 Epil. 
 
 Ipil, bMrakd. 
 
 Ipil. 
 
 Binkd. 
 
 Ipil. 
 
 Bindeke. 
 
 Sukii, sukum. 
 
 Sukum. 
 
 Sukum. 
 
 Sukha. 
 
 Chukka. 
 
 Uko, kuku. 
 
 Hukam. 
 
 Epal, idin. 
 
 Chukka. 
 
 Sukdld. 
 
 Tute. 
 
 Tsukka. 
 
 Tsukka. 
 
 Bhudakd. 
 
 Vifimin. 
 
 Vdnmin, tdragei. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Min. 
 
 Chukka, 
 
 Minn. 
 
 Chukki. 
 
 Ddrdya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pone-mln. 
 
 Min. 
 
 Mine. 
 
 Minn. 
 
 Mi}m. 
 
 Vdnti minu. 
 
 Natchetheram, velli. 
 
 Taruwa, tdrukdwa. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS,] 
 
 PIERRE— STEIN-STONE— KAMEN— LAPIS. 
 
 157 
 
 T)ipes. 
 
 
 ' Bodo, Onthai. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, . 
 <^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 Adman, prastara, pdshdna. 
 Haj'r. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 . U'nthiir. 
 
 . Pdthar. 
 
 Long. 
 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 Arri, lapitz. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 
 
 Untai. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Kiwi. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . 
 
 
 
 Ming. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Kd. 
 
 "S 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Long. 
 
 I" 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Task. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Yong. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 MUshey. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Along. 
 
 s 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Kwa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kache. 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Tsiloghon, chilaghon. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Long. 
 
 Co 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Wekhe. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Lungziik. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Wdtu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Lungynanggo. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Sela. 
 
 s 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Iling. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Bdtu. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Iliing. 
 
 b^ 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 SMh. 
 SJiih. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Yatiri. 
 Nlung. 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Shik. 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Burman {■written), 
 
 
 Kyok. 
 
 •1^ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Sah-deu. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Kyank. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Tapanese. . . 
 
 
 Chioh. 
 hhi. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi 
 
 
 Li'in. 
 I'Cal-An. 
 
 \. I 1 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Liindhoung. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Khali. 
 
 "i 
 
 Mrd v.' Tounj 
 
 r> • 
 
 
 Tawhd. 
 
 ■%i 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Huthou. 
 
 fc 
 ^ 
 
 _ Sdk, . . 
 
 
 
 Talon. 
 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Riigi'i. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mo 
 
 a, . . 
 
 
 ICamau. 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Gorr. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, 
 
 
 
 Ler, hlni. 
 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Wobi. 
 
 '£ 
 
 Pwo-karen, 
 
 
 
 Ldng. 
 
 •■§ . 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 Gholopi. 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 
 
 Lung. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Chhilo. 
 
 
 Shdn, . _ . 
 
 
 
 Make in. 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Rgdme. 
 
 Annamitic, 
 
 
 
 Bd. 
 
 ■ '^ 
 
 Tibetan {wriuen), 
 
 
 
 Rdo. 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 Hi, hin. 
 
 e 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 
 
 Do. 
 
 ft 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 Frd. 
 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . 
 
 
 
 Hin. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Doh. 
 
 
 ^ Laos, . . 
 
 
 
 Hin. 
 
 1 
 
 Siinwir, . . 
 Gilrung, . . 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 FMnglii. 
 Yttma. 
 Yiimbd. 
 LMng. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Lohong. 
 Mng. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdli, . 
 Bhdmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 um), 
 
 
 Dirri. 
 Dirri. 
 
 Khdp, dhiri. 
 Dirri. 
 Pakhna. 
 Diri. 
 ChaiJu. 
 Tongi, kal. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . . 
 
 
 
 LUngtd. 
 
 ,« 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Kal. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 L^ngto. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 
 
 Kal,paia. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Lilngta. 
 
 s 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 
 
 Gund. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Liinggwakwa. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Dop. 
 
 ■c- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Mn. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Kal. 
 
 1, 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Lungtak. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 
 
 Kal. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Liingkhokwa. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Degd. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 Lung. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 
 
 KaL 
 
 s. 
 
 Kulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Liing. 
 
 
 Khond, . 
 
 
 
 Viddi. 
 
 i' 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Ldng. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Arregna. 
 
 <! 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Lting. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 
 
 Birel. 
 
 •■a 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Li'mgkon^wa, lingkawa. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . 
 
 
 
 Kcllu. 
 
 g 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Li'mg, lungo, lungokwa. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Paththar. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Lu'ko'wa. 
 L'&ng. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 
 
 
 ICan. 
 Kal. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mng. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Limg. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Kalla. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . 
 
 
 
 L-Angid. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Rdyi, kallu. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyii, . . . 
 Kuswar, . . 
 Kusunda, . . 
 Thdru,. . . 
 
 
 
 Pdthdr. 
 
 Donkho. 
 
 Lhonggo, Ihonggno. 
 
 Bdng. 
 
 Kiingbd, 
 
 Liinphu. 
 
 Pathdr. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 i 
 
 Karndtaka, ai 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, 
 Toda, 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 
 IC, 
 
 od., 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kallu. 
 
 Kalla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kail. 
 
 Kail. 
 . Kallu. 
 . Kallu. 
 . Kallu. 
 . Kallu. 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Long. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 . Kallu. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhop 
 
 1, 
 
 
 Doh. 
 
 
 Sinhalese,. 
 
 
 
 Gala. 
 
158 
 
 SOLEIL— SONNE— SUN— SOLNTSE— SOL. 
 
 [chap. IV,— nouns. 
 
 
 I 
 
 ■•e 
 s 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 ^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, ... 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyimi, 
 Gydrung, 
 T£kpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan {zvn'iii. 
 Tibetan (spken), 
 
 'Serpa, . 
 Siinw^r, 
 Giirung, 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 P^khya, 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdiing, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . 
 Denwdr, 
 Pahri, . 
 Chepdng, 
 Bhrimu, 
 Vityu, . 
 Kuswar, 
 Kusunda, 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 
 
 Sttrya. 
 Shttfns. 
 
 Egtizki, eki. 
 
 Pailva {paiwa). 
 
 Nap. 
 
 Gunesh. 
 
 Teygha, gede* susi.* 
 
 Mze, schialla.\ 
 
 Neran, naran,koii,Xdelltzm, § 
 
 Shun. \tziugga.\\ 
 
 Srengenge. 
 
 Srengenge. 
 
 Mdta-ari. 
 
 Jth. 
 
 Jih. 
 
 Yat. 
 
 Nieh-deu. 
 Jit. 
 Hi. 
 
 Dey. 
 
 Rethou. 
 
 Kini. 
 
 Pldng. 
 
 Nyima. 
 
 Man. 
 
 Ndra. 
 
 Gna. 
 
 Nyimd. 
 
 Nyimd. 
 
 JVimo. 
 
 Nd. 
 
 Dhini. 
 
 Dini. 
 
 Nd^nkhdn. 
 
 Gharig?ti, saughini. 
 
 Ghdma. 
 
 Si'ijd. 
 
 Nam. 
 
 Nam. 
 
 Ndmllya, ndin. 
 
 Nam. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Nam. 
 
 NamcJihowa. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Dwdm. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Nepst'mg, nem. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Lonpd. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Ndm. 
 
 Ndmchhoi'igwd. 
 
 Gdmd. 
 
 Gdmd. 
 
 Svjc. 
 
 Nydm. 
 
 Uni. 
 
 Noma, nuina. 
 Suraj. 
 Ing. 
 Railda. 
 
 Sachak. 
 Nyim. 
 
 8= 
 
 I 
 
 
 ,8 
 
 
 O 
 
 'Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 KdcMri, 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Nigd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgi, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndg£t, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burm'an [written], 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Ann ami tic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 f Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhilmij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali; 
 Gondi, . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, 
 Naikude, 
 Kolami, 
 Mddi, . 
 Mddia, 
 Kiiri, . 
 Keikddi, 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, 
 Yerukala, 
 Chentsu, 
 
 ' Tami], anc, 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 
 Telugu, . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 
 Tiduva, 
 
 Kurgi, . 
 
 Toduva, ) 
 
 Toda, I 
 
 Kdta, . 
 
 Badaga, 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruja, . 
 
 Malabar, 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 Shdn. 
 Beld. 
 Beld. 
 Sdn, rasdn. 
 
 'ig-dong. 
 
 Numit. 
 
 Ranghdn. 
 
 Wanghi. 
 
 Suhih. 
 
 Nakhi. 
 
 Sdn. 
 
 A'nnil. 
 
 Tinglil. 
 
 Dunie. 
 
 Doanye. 
 
 Sdnh. 
 
 Jdn. 
 
 Ne. 
 
 Ne, nd. 
 
 Konhi. 
 
 Kani, 
 
 Kani. 
 
 Tallin. 
 
 Sami. 
 
 Tangway. 
 Mu, muh. 
 Mumai. 
 Mu. 
 Kawon. 
 Mdt-trVi. 
 Kawon, tawan. 
 Bdn. 
 Wan. 
 Kangwan. 
 
 Singi. 
 Singi. 
 
 Beda, chdndo, singmarsal. 
 Singi. 
 Dharmi. 
 Singi. 
 Bed. 
 
 Suraj, suryal, din. 
 Surydl, din. 
 Surajd. 
 Surydtali. 
 Podh. 
 
 Porde, hodudu, yadde. 
 Pod 
 Gomoi. 
 Surya. 
 Beld. 
 Vuyu. 
 Singi. 
 
 Proddu, beruli. 
 Beld. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pagalon, siiriyan. 
 Caret. 
 Siirya. 
 
 Poddu, suryudu. 
 Pallili. 
 Hottu. 
 Polutu. 
 Bedu. 
 Caret. 
 Birsh. 
 Potte. 
 Hottu. 
 Hottu. 
 Podu. 
 
 Vcyil, poluthu. 
 S'iirya. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 SOIF-DURST-THIRST-JAJDA-SITIS. 
 
 159 
 
 Types. 
 
 •■§ (Sanskrit, , . 
 "I, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . , 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, , 
 Malay, . . . , 
 
 ■&< 
 
 feo 
 
 I- 
 
 I 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . ' . 
 
 Brahuf, Maids. 
 
 Pipdsd, 
 Aatash. 
 
 Egarri, edagale, egartzu. 
 Jam. 
 
 Szomjttsag. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Umdagdsltolang. 
 
 Kanghara. 
 
 Kasdtan. 
 
 Ngeldt. 
 
 Dhdga. 
 
 K'au-k^oh. 
 
 ICan-ho. 
 
 Keng-hot. 
 
 Keu-l^kinn. 
 
 CJii'dta (mouth dry), 
 
 Nodo kawaku. 
 
 k 
 
 t 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . , 
 
 Tcikpa, . . , 
 
 Mdnyak, . . , 
 
 Thochii, . , . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . , 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), , 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . . 
 
 Gdrung, . . . 
 
 Mdrmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . , 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, , 
 
 Ndchhereng, . , 
 
 Wdling, . . , 
 
 Y£ikha, . . , 
 
 Chour^sya, . , 
 
 Kulungya, . , 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Ijohorong, . . 
 
 Lambichhong, . 
 
 Bdlili, . . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . 
 
 Ddmi, . . . . 
 
 Khdling, . . . 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . . . 
 
 Denw^r, . . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 Bhrimu, . . . 
 
 Viyu, . . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 
 Thdru,. . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhd0ni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Khdngti. 
 ■ TasJiom'. 
 Caret. 
 Depsyd. 
 Tirpitch. 
 U'leso. 
 Nasyd. 
 'Sskom. 
 Khdktim. 
 
 Khdkuin. 
 
 Pdng-dati. 
 
 Kwiphi. 
 
 KwiphM. 
 
 Disona. 
 
 Kejuphiji., 
 
 Pdmitis. 
 
 Fids. 
 
 Wdmikma. 
 
 Waitmd. 
 
 Wdimd. 
 
 Wditntd, wdmitmd. 
 
 JVdthnd. 
 
 Wdmimd. 
 
 Wdikmd. 
 
 Wditmdng. 
 Dakkho. 
 
 Wammd. 
 Kodd. 
 JSwakudwaktu. 
 
 Wait'ma. 
 
 Wait' ma. 
 
 Walme. 
 
 Wdm'ma. 
 Kumdiia. 
 Kunuf'f kunun'., 
 Chdomif ma. 
 
 Pias. 
 
 Tirkha. 
 
 Pydhd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 A'wdphang. 
 
 Tidaksa, 
 
 Tirkha. 
 
 Tdpydu. 
 
 Pipds. 
 
 Wngno. 
 Khdkojn. 
 
 I 
 
 0:) 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 
 •^ 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 4 
 
 ' Bodo, .... 
 Dhimd,!, . . . 
 Kocch, . . . 
 Garo, .... 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 Mftlidn Ndgit, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, , 
 [Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shoii, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 [Sdk, .... 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Siiighbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Goncli, .... 
 Gayeti, . . , 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 Naikude, . . . 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 Mddi 
 
 Mddia 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 Kho^d, . . . 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tami], anc, . . 
 Tami], mod., . 
 Malayd]ma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva, ) . . 
 Toda, J , . 
 Kd'ta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kufumba, . . 
 Iruia, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese,. . . 
 
 Gdiigdfcng 
 
 Chidinli. 
 
 Pids. 
 
 Chika Idng noitwa. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khamldn. 
 
 Tiikvia, seratiir. 
 
 Cliebale, eliuale. 
 
 Titling. ' 
 
 Tiiliing. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phdng-gerd. 
 
 Rengat. 
 
 Ycngdt, yai' natkhyer. 
 T'wilaiiadi'ii. 
 Ti'ii-maklidng. 
 'Ti'ianhei. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Htantikh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 H'taenHti. 
 
 Ratnan. 
 
 Khat. 
 
 Ratnan. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tetangted. 
 Totdngtanna. 
 
 Tetdngte (verb), totdngtanna. 
 Totdngtanna. 
 Aniitn kala. 
 Titang. 
 Amkirva. 
 
 Yetaksdtur, wutki nmista. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Yesengepekmanenju. 
 Araga. 
 Yide. 
 
 ■Dagga, dappikomi, 
 Pyaslagi, pyas. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nirv'etkei. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tannirddham. 
 
 Dappi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Niradike. 
 
 Bajil. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nikhosti. 
 
 Nirchdsti. 
 
 Art/wje. 
 
 Arupu. 
 
 Arupu, 
 
 Veke. 
 
 Thakam. 
 
 Pipdsa. 
 
i6o 
 
 TIGRE— TIGER— TIGER— TIGR— TIGRIS. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 <!, (Arabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 ^3 Turkish, . 
 
 'i Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 
 I' Mongolian, 
 
 C Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tikpa, 
 M^nyak, . 
 Thochu, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan [written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Seipa, . . 
 
 Sunwir, . 
 
 Gurung, . 
 
 Murmi, 
 1 .j Magar, 
 ~ Thdksya, . 
 I Pdkhya, . 
 ^ Newir, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kiranti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rungchcnbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong. 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Dumi, . . 
 Khdling, , 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Vydghra. 
 Nimr. 
 
 Katainotz. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Irhiss. 
 
 Taskha. 
 
 Machan. 
 
 Sima. 
 
 Ar'imau. 
 
 Ldoii-hu. 
 
 Ldou-lnt. 
 
 Lo-fi'i. 
 
 LaH-hii. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Tor a. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khi'i. 
 
 Kong. 
 
 Tee. 
 
 Lephe. 
 
 Khoh. 
 
 Par. 
 
 Stdh. 
 
 Stag. 
 
 Tak. 
 
 Jik. 
 Gupsa. 
 Chen. 
 Chyan. 
 Rdiight'i. 
 Nd. 
 JSdgha. 
 Dliun. 
 Keliva. 
 
 Kiwd. 
 
 Chdbhd. 
 
 K'lwa. 
 
 K'lbha. 
 
 JDhmg' trd. 
 
 Dhina rd, dinnra. 
 
 Kiba. 
 
 Gi'tpso. 
 
 Ndri. 
 
 Gupsyi'i. 
 
 Gi'ipsd. 
 
 Kiba. 
 
 Kiba. 
 
 Keiiba. 
 
 Kipa. 
 
 Nyor. 
 
 Nyor. 
 
 Kibhd. 
 
 Bdg. 
 
 Dhun. 
 Jdkela, ja. 
 JSi'iindng. 
 BUo, bilii. 
 Bdghi. 
 Ddjd kdi'di. 
 Bdgha. 
 
 Sathon^. 
 Tdh. 
 
 % 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mochd. 
 
 t 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 
 
 KMnd. 
 
 \ . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdg. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Matsd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Moosd, misa. 
 Kei. 
 
 "^ 
 
 MfthdnNdgd, . 
 
 
 Chiau'A. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Sahnu. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Akhu, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Takhu. 
 
 1, 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Sd. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Kayi. 
 
 «; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Khu. 
 
 i 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Simiii. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, , 
 
 
 Siimyo. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Mesd. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Strong. 
 
 
 ' Burman [written), 
 
 
 Kyd. 
 
 ! 
 
 Burman [spoken), . 
 
 
 Kyd. 
 
 ft? 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Kyi. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Takdi. 
 
 K 
 
 Kiimi, . . . . 
 
 
 Takdi. 
 
 -| 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Tapri. 
 
 fc 
 ^ 
 
 ,Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Kathd. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Kala. 
 
 15 
 
 Sgau-karen, . , 
 
 
 Bautho, ka, hkhe. 
 
 '1 
 
 Pwp-karen, . . 
 
 
 Khay. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Ka. 
 
 rS 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Htso. 
 
 fN ■ 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Hum-beo. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Tso, siia. 
 
 ft 
 
 Ahom 
 
 
 Sit. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Sti. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Sen. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 . Kuld. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhuin), 
 
 
 Garumhila. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Kula, bdgdhi, hddgar 
 
 
 Bhdmij, . . , 
 
 
 , Kula. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Lakhra. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 . Kulah. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 
 . Sad. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 . Pulli. 
 
 .Q 
 ■^ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 . Burkdl. 
 
 S 
 
 <; 
 
 Ruthik, . . . 
 
 
 PiiUal, haghcli. 
 
 E3 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 
 . Pill. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 , Pnl. 
 
 Ci 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Biirkal, dual. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 . Burkal. 
 
 
 Kuri 
 
 
 . Kula. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 . Pull. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 . Krodi. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Kina. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 
 . Yckkili. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 
 Ndlugddi. 
 
 
 _ Chentsu, , . . 
 
 
 . Bdg. 
 
 
 'Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 
 . Put. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . , 
 
 
 . Puli. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Puli, kaiuvd. 
 
 
 Telugu,' , . , 
 
 
 . Puli. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 . Puli. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 . Hull. 
 
 1 
 
 Tiduva, . . . 
 
 
 . Pili. 
 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 . Nari. 
 
 1 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, \ 
 
 
 
 Pirri. 
 Bilrsh. 
 
 to 
 
 Kdta, . , 
 Badaga, , 
 Kufumba, 
 Iruk, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 . Pujje. 
 . Hull. 
 . Hull 
 . Pulli. 
 . Puli, vengci. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 . Kotiyd. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 
 
 DENT— ZAHN— TOOTH— ZAD— DENS. 
 
 i6r 
 
 Types. 
 
 •| (Sanskijiit. 
 i IArabic, 
 
 ' Bask, . 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 8 
 
 s 
 
 & 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ,§. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 "S 
 
 ^ 
 I 
 
 E^ 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 l\4kpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (. 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Sxinwdr, 
 Giirung, 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khdling, _ . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . 
 Denwdr, 
 Pahri, . 
 Chepdng, 
 Bhrdmu, 
 Vdyu, . 
 Kuswar, 
 Kiisunda, 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Dat, danta, 
 Sinn. 
 
 Ortz, 
 
 Hammas. 
 All. 
 Dish. 
 Tsey. 
 Kbili. 
 
 Ssidon, shidon. 
 Weihe, tveikhe. 
 Until. 
 Untu, 
 Gigi. 
 
 Yd. 
 Yd. 
 Ngd. 
 Ngd-ts^. 
 CKi'dki. 
 Ha. 
 
 Danddn. 
 
 Yd. 
 
 Tiswi. 
 Wdh. 
 Phwih. 
 Sive/i. 
 Syi'uhi. 
 Syo. 
 So. 
 So. 
 
 Lo. 
 Kryii. 
 Sak. 
 Swd. 
 Syak. 
 Gyo. 
 Ddta. 
 Wd. 
 Hebo. 
 
 Kang. 
 
 King. 
 
 Kang. 
 
 Keng. 
 
 Ka a. 
 
 Kang. 
 
 Ha, hachi. 
 
 Ginn'so. 
 
 Kdng, 
 
 Ly&. 
 
 Khleu. 
 
 Keng. 
 
 Keng, 
 
 Keng. 
 
 Kdn. 
 
 Guilo, anglo, 
 
 Gndlu. 
 
 Kang. 
 
 Ddnt. 
 
 Ddnt. 
 
 Wd. 
 
 Srek. 
 
 St'ia, swd. 
 
 M. 
 
 Dant. 
 
 Toho. 
 
 Ddta. 
 
 Apho. 
 Soh. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 Dhimdl, ' . 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . . 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Mil'!, . 
 Sibsdgav Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Biirman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kiimi, . . 
 Mrd V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 Tallin v. Mon, 
 Sgan-karcn, 
 Pwo-karcn, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhilmij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Goncli, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kiirumba, 
 IniUi, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Hathai, 
 Sitong. 
 Ddnt. 
 Plid-tong. 
 Hatai (pi.). 
 
 Yd. 
 Vd. 
 Phd. 
 Taphd, 
 Uhu. 
 Pd. 
 Tabu. 
 Taphn. 
 T'pdng. 
 A'ic. 
 Hdti. 
 Wd. 
 
 Zwd. 
 
 'T\\7vd, tjiwdu. 
 
 Kalian. 
 
 Afhd. 
 
 Ho. 
 
 Yi'm. 
 
 Athawd. 
 
 Nt^et. 
 
 Mai. 
 
 Mai. 
 
 Tag/id. 
 
 Khyo. 
 
 Rang. 
 
 Thohn, fan, khian, 
 
 Khiu. 
 
 Khiu. 
 
 Khiau. 
 
 Danta. 
 
 Ddiha. 
 
 Ddtd. 
 
 Ddtta. 
 
 PdL 
 
 Ddta. 
 
 Pdl. 
 
 Palk, palapalk (pi.). 
 
 Palk (pi). 
 
 Palak (pi). 
 
 Palku (pi). 
 
 Palknl (pi). 
 
 Pal, palku (pi). 
 
 Palaku (pi). 
 
 Tiding. 
 
 Pal. ' 
 
 Alidmu. 
 
 Ajdgna. 
 
 Ginnd. 
 
 Pallam, pelivclu. 
 
 Ddt. 
 
 Eyiru. 
 
 Paljpalgal (pi). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Palla. 
 
 Pallu. 
 
 Pallu. 
 
 Hallu. 
 
 Ki'ili. 
 
 Pall. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pdrsh. 
 
 Palk. 
 
 Hallu. 
 
 Hallu. 
 
 Pallu. 
 
 Pallu. 
 
 Datha. 
 
l62 
 
 ARBRE—BAUM— TREE— DEREVO— ARBOR. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns. 
 
 
 !>0 
 
 K 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 s 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 
 "ii 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf, . . . 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gydmi, . . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 
 Takpa, . . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 Thochii, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . . 
 
 Giirung, . . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 Kirinti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Dirhi, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Vri/is/ia, taru, druma. 
 Shajar. 
 
 Arbola, arecha, zuhaitz. 
 
 Pun. 
 
 Fak,pa.* 
 
 AghaJ. 
 
 Frah. 
 
 Khe. 
 
 Modon, modun, pu,\ gilga- 
 
 Mo, moo. 
 
 Wit. 
 
 Wit. 
 PoJmii, pokok. 
 
 SIiu, miih. 
 S/ni, 71111. 
 Shit, milk, 
 Zii. 
 Ch'iu, 
 Ki. 
 
 Darakht, 
 
 Hri'i. 
 
 Shi. 
 
 She?ig dong. 
 
 Sdpoh. 
 
 Givozosi. 
 
 Moto. 
 
 Nah. 
 
 \jjonshing. 
 
 Shindotig, shingdong. 
 
 Dongo. 
 
 Kawcp. 
 
 Si/idii. 
 
 Dhoiig. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Ghyitng. 
 
 Ritkha, 
 
 Simd, 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Sangidng, 
 
 So7jg-ptiwa, 
 
 Saiig-tdiig. 
 
 Sang. 
 
 Sd-a. 
 
 Sang u. 
 
 Ing thdp, sing gaithdp. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Thoudvi. 
 
 Dhal/sa, 
 
 Sing, dhydksi. 
 
 Sin'g tdngddk, simmak. 
 
 Siii gitangli, 
 
 Sin'tenda. 
 
 Tupsdng, 
 
 Topsht'i. 
 
 Dhydksd, 
 
 Sarigpu. 
 
 Ruk. 
 
 Gdtch. 
 
 S'lmd. 
 
 Sing, singtak. 
 
 Sininia. 
 
 \da. 
 
 uiiing, 
 Gdtch. 
 P. 
 Gdchh. 
 
 Ki'ing. 
 Shiitg. 
 
 ■? 
 
 fBodo, 
 
 . Phdng, bonphdng. 
 
 
 ^ 
 a 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 
 Shing, sing. 
 
 
 n^ 
 
 \ Kocch 
 
 . Gdcch, ped. 
 
 
 h^ 
 
 Garo, 
 
 . Path 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 [Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Bon p hang. 
 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . , 
 
 . Updl. 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Pan. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 TablungNdgd, . . 
 
 . Peh. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 . Sundong. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Si. 
 
 
 ■■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . , 
 
 . Bang. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nowgong.Ndgd, 
 
 . Santung. 
 
 
 ^J; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Sangtung. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 . Esmg. 
 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . Ising. 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Popon. 
 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 . Phun. 
 
 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 Apang. 
 
 
 £ 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 . Apen. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 . Thin. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 . Akiin. 
 
 
 8 
 
 Kami, 
 
 . Dinkoung. 
 
 
 W 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . . 
 
 Tsingdung. 
 
 
 ■*^ 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Piingpdng. 
 
 
 
 r Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Kanoung. 
 
 
 . 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Thay. 
 
 
 ■c 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Thaing. 
 
 
 % 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Thingmu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Ton. 
 
 
 (>; - 
 
 Annamitic, . , . 
 
 Kdi. 
 
 
 'a 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Ton. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 Tim. 
 
 
 <^ 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Tun. 
 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Ton. 
 
 
 
 rHo(Kol), . . . 
 
 Daru. 
 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Ddru. 
 
 
 
 Santdli, , , . . 
 
 Ddre, ladd, bndd 
 
 (shrub) ; 
 
 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 
 Ddri'i. \bir 
 
 (forest). 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Man. 
 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Ddru. 
 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . . 
 
 Man. 
 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Mare, mard. 
 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Mada. 
 
 
 :« 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Mara. 
 
 
 *^ 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Chct. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Mot. 
 
 
 .1 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Mara. 
 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Bhanda. 
 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Sing. 
 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Maro. 
 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Mrdnu. 
 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Anebagna. 
 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Sunabbo. 
 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , , . , 
 
 Chede, marom. 
 
 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 Gdts. 
 
 
 
 Tamil, anc, . . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . , 
 
 Sedi, maram. 
 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . . 
 
 Chedi, maram. 
 
 
 
 Telugu, 
 
 Chettu. 
 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . 
 
 Gida, mara. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Tuluva, 
 
 Mara. 
 
 
 ^ ' 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Mara. 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 Toduva,) . . . . 
 Toda, 1 . . . . 
 
 Men. 
 
 
 (S 
 
 Macn. 
 
 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 Marame. 
 
 
 
 Badaga, 
 
 Mora. 
 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . . . 
 
 Mara. 
 
 
 
 Iriija, 
 
 Mara. 
 
 
 
 Malabar, 
 
 Maram. 
 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Gaha. 
 
 
cAap. IV.— nouns.] 
 
 VILLAGE-DORF-VILLAGE-bEREVNYA— VICUS. 
 
 163 
 
 ^ 
 
 Types, 
 
 
 'Sanski^it 
 
 Grdma, 
 
 
 ^Arabic, 
 
 Dayaah. 
 
 
 Bask, 
 
 Erri, iri, uri. 
 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Kyla. 
 
 
 Magyar 
 
 Talu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Keui, aoghl. 
 
 
 Circassian, . . . . 
 
 Zouytshil. . 
 
 
 Georgian, . . . . 
 
 Sul, daba. 
 
 i 
 
 Mongolian 
 
 Poskho, balgasun 
 
 Mantshu, . . , . 
 
 Falan, tokso. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Desa. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . . 
 
 Ttitsun, 
 
 
 ^ Malay, 
 
 Kampong, diisun. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Hiang. 
 
 & 
 
 Hsiang. 
 
 '■§ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Heong. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, . 
 
 Bidng-tsang, 
 
 >i; 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Hiun-sid. 
 
 
 L Japanese, . . . 
 
 Mura. 
 
 
 Brahui, .... 
 
 Shahar. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Gy^mi, .... 
 
 Twdngcha. 
 
 tN 
 
 Gydrung, .... 
 
 Wo/ihyii, tukhyti 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, .... 
 
 Yd. 
 
 .fc 
 
 Mdnyak, .... 
 
 IM. 
 
 ■a 
 
 8 
 
 Thochd, .... 
 
 Wekhd. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, .... 
 
 Hoto. 
 
 |i 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 jRhava, 
 
 ,S 
 
 Tibetan {-written), 
 
 Yi'd-tsho, 
 
 s 
 
 _ Tibetan (sj>oken), . . 
 
 Thong, 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 YM, 
 
 "^c^ 
 
 Siinwdr, . . , . 
 
 , Gdtm, 
 
 1 
 
 Gilrung, .... 
 
 Ndia. 
 
 .s 
 
 Miirmi, , 
 
 . Namso, 
 
 H^ 
 
 Magar, .... 
 
 Ldnghd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thiksya, .... 
 
 . Hdl. 
 
 •S 
 
 P^khya, . : . . 
 
 . Gdu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, .... 
 
 . De, gang. 
 
 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 . Bdngphe. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, , . . , 
 
 , Teng 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 Tiingmd, 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 
 . Teng 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 . Ten. 
 
 ■c- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . . 
 
 . Tydl, 
 
 ■l, 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 , Teng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Yikha, .... 
 
 Ten. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, . . . 
 
 . Del. 
 
 !S 
 
 Kulungya, , . . 
 
 . Tel. 
 
 ^ 
 s 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Del 
 
 1 
 
 Bihingya, .... 
 
 DyaL 
 
 ■G 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 Gdn-wd, 
 
 .§ 
 
 Lambichhong, , . 
 
 Ten. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdUli, 
 
 Ten. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . 
 
 Te.. 
 
 
 Ddmi, ...... 
 
 Del 
 
 
 Khiling, . , . . . 
 
 Del 
 
 
 ^ Dungmdli, , . . 
 
 Ten. 
 
 i 
 
 ' Ddrhi, 
 
 Denwir, .... 
 
 Gdon. 
 Gdon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . ■ . . . 
 
 Gon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Bhrdmu, .... 
 
 Ildng di'mg. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, 
 
 Mulung. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, .... 
 Kusunda, .... 
 
 Gdon. 
 Ldhdng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdru, 
 
 Ga-won. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Kyong. 
 
 
 Bhiltini v. Lhopa, . . 
 
 . Kyong. 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 ft:) 
 ■a 
 
 
 .« 
 
 •^ 
 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 
 fBodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgci, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng N^gd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd., 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {-.oriiien), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kumi, . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-lcarcn, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Md,di, . . 
 M£dia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khoncl, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 'Tamil, anc, 
 
 Tamil, mod. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 
 Telugu,' . . 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 
 Tuluva, , . 
 
 Kurgi, . . , 
 
 Toduva,) 
 
 Tod a, j 
 
 Kdta, . , 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 Phdrd. 
 
 Derd. 
 
 Gdon, bondor. 
 
 Song. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Klml 
 
 Ting. 
 
 Tying. 
 
 Ayim. 
 
 Arame. 
 
 Hd. 
 
 Yiim. 
 
 Yam. 
 
 Diilong. 
 
 DoU'mg. 
 
 A'tigu. 
 
 Mercng. 
 
 Rwd. 
 Yiid. 
 Ndm. 
 Vdng. 
 Avdng. 
 Kwd. 
 Thing. 
 
 Koh. 
 
 T'wau, kau. 
 
 Twaii. 
 
 Dung, 
 
 Mann. 
 
 Ldng. 
 
 Pann, ban, 
 
 Sdn. 
 
 Mdn. 
 
 Ban. 
 
 Hattu. 
 
 Haitit, 
 
 A'to, hadakundia, rdsidio 
 
 Tlathuje. [(town). 
 
 Padda. 
 
 Hdtii. 
 
 Kep. 
 
 Ndr, ndk (pi.). 
 
 Ndr. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ur. 
 
 Ur. 
 
 Ndru, ndgu. 
 
 Ndr. 
 
 Gawa, 
 
 Uric. 
 
 Ndju. 
 
 Gorajdng, da, 
 
 Yiugoma. 
 
 Nddu. 
 
 Gd. 
 
 Pakkanam, 
 
 Wr. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kara, grdmam, 
 
 U'ru. 
 Pain. 
 Halli, uru. 
 
 Writ. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Modd, mort, 
 Haiti, I'lr. 
 Paul 
 Hatti. 
 
 U'ru, 
 
 U'ru. 
 
 Kiiriehi, keramam, 
 
 Gania. 
 
164 
 
 EAU— WASSER—W ATE R-VODA— AQUA. 
 
 [CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 
 
 t? 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, 
 "§, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 go Turkish, . 
 ^ Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 O MaN'I'SHU, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gyimi, 
 Gydi-ung, . 
 Takpa, 
 Milnyak, . 
 Thochu, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwir, 
 Giirung, . 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pikhya, . 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rungchenbun 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 DUmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, , 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 
 <; 
 
 1 
 
 Ap, vdrijjala. 
 Ma. 
 
 Ur. 
 
 Wesi. 
 
 Viz. 
 
 Sn. 
 
 Fsi, psii, kiitsi,'"' shin.'"' 
 
 Ts^ali, tsziin.* 
 
 Osoit, IIS tin, iith,* gadar.\ 
 
 Miih: 
 
 Ban/Ill. 
 
 Toya. 
 
 Ayar. 
 
 Shwiii. 
 
 Sliiii. 
 
 Shui. 
 
 S\ 
 
 Chili, si'ii. 
 
 Mizzii. 
 
 Dir. 
 
 Shui. 
 Tidii. 
 Chh'i. 
 Dydh. 
 Cliali. 
 
 Wassti, I'lsu. 
 Hrah. 
 Chhu. 
 Chhii. 
 
 Chilli. 
 
 Pankhu. 
 
 Kyi'i. 
 
 Kwi. 
 
 JDi. 
 
 Kya. 
 
 Pdni. 
 
 Law, Id. 
 
 Chua. 
 
 Chdwd, 
 Wa. 
 Chdwd. 
 Chi'i-wd. 
 Kad-wd. 
 Cha-wd. 
 Mang cht'iwa. 
 Xdki'i. 
 Kdu. 
 Ku. 
 
 Pwd-ku, bwd-pu. 
 Yowd. 
 Chtiwd. 
 Ki'ingwd. 
 Wd, kdnwd. 
 Ki'i. 
 Kt'i. 
 ChdHwd. 
 
 Pair. 
 
 Kyi'i. 
 
 Li'ikhi'i, 
 
 TL 
 
 A'wd. 
 
 Ti. ^ 
 
 Pdni. 
 
 Tdng. 
 
 Pdni. 
 
 Oiig 
 Chhi'i. 
 
 t 
 
 Bodo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ddi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 Chi. 
 
 ^ ■ 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Jdl. 
 
 ty 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Chikd. 
 
 'k 
 
 [ Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Dot, dai. 
 
 
 ^ Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Ishing. 
 
 t 
 
 Mi'thdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ti. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ria7ig. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Atsit. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Zii. 
 
 K 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Jo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tsii. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tu. 
 
 s 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 A'ssi. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 A'che. 
 
 '^^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Ji- 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Ntsin. 
 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 Re. 
 
 i 
 
 Burman {spoJien), . 
 
 
 Ye, ya. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Tut. 
 
 * ■ 
 
 Kdmi, . •. . . 
 
 
 Tiii. 
 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Tui. 
 
 1 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Tui. 
 
 fc 
 "'i 
 
 ^Sdk, .... 
 
 
 0. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Dhihk. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Ti, thi, hti. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 Ti. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 H'ti. 
 
 Shdn, . _. . . 
 
 
 Ndn. 
 
 f-, ■ 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Nu'dk. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 Nan, nam. 
 
 (3 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, . , . 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 
 Laos, , . . . 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Dah. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Ddh. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Ddh, dheo (waves). 
 
 
 Bhdmij, 
 
 
 
 Ddh. ' 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Urn, ch'eip. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 
 Dha. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 
 Am. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 
 Yer. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Yer. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 Er. 
 
 s 
 *^ ■ 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Ir. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Ir. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 
 
 Er, gegu. 
 
 Per. 
 
 Da. 
 
 Tanni. 
 
 Sridrii. 
 
 Dd. 
 
 Deyyd. 
 
 Tanni. 
 
 Pdni. 
 
 Punal. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 Tannir, nir. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod,, 
 
 
 Vellam, nir. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 NiUu. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ;| 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 
 
 Niru. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Tuluva, 
 
 
 Mr. 
 
 ta 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Mru. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, \ 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 Nir. 
 
 
 Kota, . . 
 
 
 
 Nire. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Niru. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Niru. 
 
 
 Iruja, , 
 
 
 
 Dani. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Thannir, nir, salam 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Watura. 
 
CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] FATIGUE— MUDIGKEIT— WEARINESS— USTALOST—LASSITUDO. 
 
 165 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 
 <o 
 
 t 
 
 .•s< 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 e^ 
 
 ct) 
 
 Types. 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 «!, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 
 CrRCASSFAN, 
 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 ^.^ Chinese, Pekin, 
 •l'' _ Chinese, Canton, 
 ■| T Chinese, Shanghai 
 "^ Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 Thochd, 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Silnwkr, 
 Giirung, 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kir^nti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingt^ngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 YAkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BiMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdii, 
 
 r Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 S'rama. 
 Taab, aand. 
 
 Neke, neka, arika, laa, una 
 Tyo. [ttnasun, auno. 
 
 Faradsag. 
 Yorghun. 
 Card. 
 Card. 
 Ukscn^n. 
 Shodara. 
 Chape. 
 Chape. 
 Lalah. 
 
 Pi-kill en.. 
 
 P'i-chila7i. 
 
 Kau-kiin. 
 
 Sd-du. 
 
 Sidn, id. 
 
 Kutabuleru. 
 
 Card. 
 
 Sphwd-len. 
 
 Disdiik. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nd-hrida. 
 
 Darvatch. 
 
 Ydtava. 
 
 Nerthd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gydk. 
 
 Yeche. 
 Dati. 
 Bhld. 
 Blap-chi. 
 MMncko. 
 Bhaldpji. 
 Galcidgyo. 
 Tyanu. 
 Nama. 
 
 Hotdng. 
 Hosd. 
 Hottdng. 
 U'hottdng. 
 Haya. 
 U'hottdng. 
 Ydksydngnd. 
 Bdl-me. 
 Giimo. 
 Grium-ddi 
 Bdl. 
 Ydktdng. 
 Sua. 
 
 Ydk'ta, yak, 
 Ho-ydn. 
 Ghrum'ma. 
 Ghrima. 
 Miho. 
 
 Thdkin. 
 Hadyaila. 
 Nelnu, ngalnu. 
 Caret. 
 Kitukhwi. 
 Job. 
 Caret. 
 Balangba. 
 Thdkali. 
 
 Pel. 
 Thdng-chhe. 
 
 % 
 
 ' Bodo, Mengbai, myengdi'mg. 
 
 t 
 
 Dhimdl, , . . 
 
 
 . Mdika. 
 
 ^, 
 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 
 Thakdi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, .... 
 
 
 Rewe kou. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mfthcin Ndgil, . 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 & 
 
 Tabkmg Ndgit, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 <§ 
 
 Khiiri Nilgd, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Angdmi Nilg.i, . 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 ■■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndg;l, . 
 
 
 Boaii. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 A'nyoko. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ngiichaho. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Sib.sdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Amirse, moldmak. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Dcoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Bdhd. 
 
 t 
 
 ^ Burman (written), 
 
 
 Mo, pangban. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Mo, penbdn, anyoung. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Ram. 
 
 ^■ 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Mdsd. 
 
 s 
 
 Kiimi, . . 
 
 
 
 Akom. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrti V. Toun 
 
 g> ■ ■ 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 i; 
 
 ^ Sdk, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 '^'^ 
 
 ' Talain v. Mo 
 
 n, . . 
 
 
 Kawon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-lcaren, 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 
 
 Tdwa. 
 
 L^ 
 
 Shdn, . . 
 
 
 
 Kon. 
 
 S ■ 
 
 Annamitic, 
 
 
 
 Nhok. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 Mai. 
 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . 
 _ Laos, . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Card. 
 
 Tagauted. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 
 um), 
 
 
 Esub lagiena. 
 
 
 Santdli, . 
 
 
 
 Ldngdte (verb), Idngiena, 
 
 
 Bhiimij, 
 
 
 
 
 Lagajondle. [dakhal (adj.) 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 
 Khdridkar. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 
 
 Thakana. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 
 
 Dikmandatt'ir. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 
 It ore (weak). 
 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 
 Sadamtarikam (weak). 
 
 1 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . 
 Keikddi, 
 Khond, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, 
 Yerukala, 
 _ Chentsu, 
 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bangbal (weak). 
 Dila (weak). 
 Lahite. 
 Caret. 
 Burre. 
 Ayyosu. 
 Haran, ■dusiki. 
 
 Ayarvu. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., 
 
 
 
 Ileippu. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, a 
 
 IC, 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Malaydima, n 
 
 lod., 
 
 
 Talarcha. 
 
 
 Telugii, 
 
 
 
 Ahipii. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, .ai 
 
 ic, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, m 
 
 od,, 
 
 
 Dammu, 
 
 '^ 
 
 Tuluva, . 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 s • 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Salupu, 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Salupu. 
 
 
 Kummba, 
 
 
 
 Salupu. 
 
 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 
 
 Salipu. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Ileittha, kalaittha. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Wehesa. 
 
1 66 
 
 IGNAME— YAMWURZEL— YAM— YAM— DIOSCOREA. 
 
 [chap. IV.— nouns, 
 
 K 
 ^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ (Sanskrit, 
 ■I, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 ^ Turkish, . 
 ^ Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 I' Mongolian, 
 (3 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 ^ Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochu, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written)., 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Sunw£r, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Murmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thaksya, 
 
 Pakhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rilngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thiilungya, 
 
 ]5dliingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungradli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, , . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 
 <; 
 G 
 
 
 
 A'hi, madhumulam. 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Uwi. 
 
 Uwi. 
 
 Ubi, ubi-hangala. 
 
 Ta-shu. 
 Ta-shu. 
 Tai-shil. 
 San-yAh. 
 Toa-c/iil, 0. 
 Imo, tsu-kemono. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydng-siL 
 Seten. 
 Khe. 
 Zgwah. 
 Jyah. 
 Caret. 
 Zo. 
 
 Dovd. 
 Thomd. 
 
 Dhoa. 
 
 Rebe. 
 
 Taya. 
 
 Teiite. 
 
 Ndiiii. 
 
 Hmau dan. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hi. 
 
 Khe. 
 
 Sdki. 
 
 Soki. 
 
 Sdki. 
 
 KJii-si't-wa. 
 
 Khi-yok'sa. 
 
 Sa-khi, yak. 
 
 Khe, si'ichigwa. 
 
 Rang'jabi. 
 
 Khe. 
 
 Balak'pu. 
 
 Rebe, swokokti. 
 
 Ndinkhe, sua, khibre. 
 
 Ndngkhi. 
 
 Khi't. 
 
 Khi. 
 
 Ki. 
 
 Sdsros, 
 
 Sakhi. 
 
 Pindht. 
 Cho-ydn, 
 Sdgi. 
 Goi. 
 Yak. 
 
 Rdpi, chopi. 
 Geti, bhydgar. 
 Byalongolanddn. 
 Kamiiul. 
 
 Bilk. 
 Kyii. 
 
 "a 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 . Thd. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . . , . 
 
 ■ . Ling. 
 
 
 ^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 . A'hi. 
 
 
 (»3 
 
 Garo, 
 
 . Han. 
 
 
 fe; 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . . 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 
 Munipuri, . , . 
 
 . Hd. 
 
 
 ^* 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 l> 
 
 TablungNdgd, , . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 . PId-khuon. 
 
 
 K 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 . Shi. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Chu. 
 
 
 |- 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Ni^imii. 
 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . A'lie. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . . 
 
 . Nai. 
 
 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 , Myok. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), , , 
 
 . Myauk. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, , 
 
 . Bahd. 
 
 
 h ' 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 . Khd. 
 
 
 8 
 
 Kilmi, 
 
 , Ho. 
 
 
 .1 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, , . 
 
 . Mau. 
 
 
 1 
 
 [Sdk, 
 
 . ICdngku. 
 
 
 ''? 
 
 ■ Talain v, Mon, , 
 
 Kawa. 
 
 
 
 Sgau-kaxen, , . 
 
 Nwai, noe. 
 
 
 .8 
 
 Pwo-karen, . , 
 
 . Nwd. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 . Mod. 
 
 
 r^ 
 
 Shdn, . . . , 
 
 . Ho'fiiau. 
 
 
 E-i ' 
 
 Annaniitic, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 . Mau, man-dom. 
 
 
 (2 
 
 Ahom, . . , . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 '<<! 
 
 Khdmti, , , , 
 
 . Man, 
 
 
 
 Laos, , . . , 
 
 , Ploa-man, 
 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . , 
 
 ■ . Caret, 
 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Mertmitosang, 
 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Sdng, sdn, gana, kdpu, 
 
 kolo 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 Sdngd, 
 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 , A'lu, 
 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 A'ru, 
 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, , . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 , Naska-kangda. 
 
 
 .13 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 . Caret, 
 
 
 ■g 
 
 Rutluk, , , . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 2 ^ 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Khond, . , . 
 
 Gdn4ikt'ma, 
 
 
 
 Sdvara, . , , 
 
 Gane, 
 
 
 
 Gadaba, . , . 
 
 , Danipu. 
 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Aluvele, 
 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Sart'i, sakar kanda. 
 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, , 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Tamil, mod,,, . , 
 
 Valli, kizhangu. 
 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 . PCizhangu, kdchil. 
 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 . Pendalamu. 
 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 . Caret, 
 
 
 S 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 1 
 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, ' ; . . 
 
 . , Caret, 
 
 
 .^ 
 
 , , Caret, 
 
 
 <<l 
 
 K6ta, .... 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 
 Badaga, . . . 
 
 , , MuUnge, 
 
 
 
 KurumlDa, . . 
 
 , , Caret, 
 
 
 
 Iru]a, .... 
 
 , , Caret, 
 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 . , Kilangit, 
 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 . , Ala. • 
 
 
CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.'] 
 
 MAUVAIS— SCHLECHT— BAD— DURNOI— MALUS. 
 
 167 
 
 Types. 
 & 
 ■•§ (Sanskrit, 
 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 s 
 
 
 K 
 
 .■& 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ft^ 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gyiirung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochti, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written) 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Th^ksya, . 
 P^khya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Klirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wiling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong. 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Dirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 £>usk{a, asat, nirguna. 
 Sharrir, radi. 
 
 Gaizto, ^csto, donge, dcunge, 
 
 Paha. \deunga. 
 
 Rosz. 
 
 Fena. 
 
 Bzaghey. 
 
 Tsughi. 
 
 EJzel. 
 
 Ekhe. 
 
 Hala. 
 
 Hawon, 
 
 Jdhat, ta'baik. 
 
 Ngoh. 
 O. 
 Ok. 
 
 Ch'eu; veh-hau (not good). 
 rdin. 
 Warui. 
 
 Gando. 
 
 Hou-ti-inyi't. 
 
 Makasne. 
 
 LiJu'imani. 
 
 Mdnda. 
 
 GM't, ghe', viari. 
 
 Md-bene. 
 
 Gdyenyer. 
 
 Ndngpo. 
 
 Dt'ikpo. 
 
 Mtt'leitf^. 
 
 Marin-noso, 
 
 A'saba. 
 
 Ajdba. 
 
 Mdgyepche. 
 
 Na-dsba, 
 
 Ghatiya, behor. 
 
 Ma-bhing. 
 
 Phem^ba, khepembo. 
 
 Auva. 
 
 Ise, iseko. 
 
 Emvo, dminmko, euttko. 
 
 It'iio. 
 
 Is'da. 
 
 NoMhoi, aitpa. 
 
 Nu-nin-ha. 
 
 A'Mcho. ■ 
 
 Man'noi, mannp. 
 
 Minyitpa. 
 
 Mdnyiiba. 
 
 Isa, phenni, ■ 
 
 ■Niiynk ninkha, 
 
 I'sdno, isdp niiftine, 
 
 Psi. 
 
 Mi'mipa, mumyitpa, 
 
 MdnyHpa. 
 
 I; icMej^ may'i.^ 
 
 Bontha. 
 
 Bonsajha. 
 
 Mabhingguhma. 
 
 Pilo. 
 
 Mado. 
 
 Maningnuhkamo. 
 
 Nakhaja. 
 
 Kaingbarai. 
 
 Tniman. 
 
 Azyen, zyembo. 
 Ma-lem. 
 
 I 
 
 0:1 
 
 (4) 
 
 «:) 
 
 •6 
 
 .« 
 •s 
 ^ 
 
 G 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 KdchAri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthiln Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-lcaren, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhdmij, . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, , . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, , . 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 Keikddi, , . 
 
 Khoijd, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karijdtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,") 
 Toda, I . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Hamma. 
 
 Mdelkd. 
 
 Mondo. 
 
 Sarchd. 
 
 Hi'imina. 
 
 Phnttc. 
 
 Maninai. 
 
 Ycmei. 
 
 Maro. 
 
 Sowe. 
 
 Add. 
 
 Matsong. 
 
 Machoitg. 
 
 Aimang. 
 
 Aima. 
 
 Chani, 
 
 Ngaid. 
 
 Q\\ho. 
 
 'Si ho, niakaung. 
 
 Poya. 
 
 S hau. 
 
 Hauio. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hakhd. 
 
 Er, aohh, 
 
 Uiig. 
 
 Kay. 
 
 Mali. 
 
 X&u. 
 
 Chna, maidi, malt. 
 
 Khyd. 
 
 Mani. 
 
 Hdi, bodi. 
 
 Etka. 
 
 Etka. 
 
 Bddih, badiena. 
 
 Ji'idajanna. 
 
 Maldau. 
 
 Kdhesd. 
 
 Bdnd. 
 
 Btcromanda, kharab. 
 
 A'nemdtal. 
 
 Buro. 
 
 Nasadin. 
 
 Kardb. 
 
 Ldgor, Idgo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kardb. 
 
 Kettd. 
 
 Nekkdnju dye. 
 
 Sedele. 
 
 Nimmakdvo. 
 
 Ketta, ketiasu. 
 
 Khardb. 
 
 Caret. 
 Ketta. 
 Caret. 
 
 Chitta, ketta. 
 Chedda. 
 Caret. 
 Ketta. 
 
 Pedikattano. 
 Kuttad. 
 Caret. 
 Vollade. 
 A'ga. 
 Holla. 
 Ketta. 
 Poila, 
 Akdiha. 
 Naraka, 
 
i68 
 
 AMER— BITTER— BI TTER— GORKY— AMARUS. 
 
 [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 t 
 
 53. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, 
 <|^ (Arabic, . 
 
 In 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydjung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochit, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Gurung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newlr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Waling, 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thuliingya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 Bdldli, . , 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . 
 
 Khdliiig, , 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . , 
 
 Dciiwdr, 
 
 Pahri, . , 
 
 Chcpdng, . 
 
 lihrdnui, . 
 
 Vayu, . , 
 
 Kuswar, 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 _ Thdru, . , 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Tilda. 
 Murr. 
 
 Mill, viin, samiil, samin, 
 
 Haikia. \_karmiji, hiarats. 
 
 Kescrii. 
 
 Aji. 
 
 Diggi. 
 
 Mtsare. 
 
 Gasigon. 
 
 Aiutan, goshihun. 
 
 Pahit. 
 
 Pahit. 
 
 Pdhit. 
 
 ICii. 
 
 ICti. 
 
 Fit. 
 
 Kit. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Karai. 
 
 Kharen. 
 
 Kht'iti. 
 
 Kt'tchchek. 
 
 Khdkhb'. 
 
 Ddkhd. 
 
 Khdk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 %nesnL 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khdko. 
 
 Khakti. 
 
 Kaso. 
 
 Kdniba^ 
 
 Kdinha. 
 
 KlidcJio. 
 
 Kambd. 
 
 Tito. 
 
 Khaiyit. 
 
 Kekhikfa. 
 
 Khdkko. 
 
 Khi-ke. 
 
 Khd-kwa, khaka. 
 
 Kkiali no, 
 
 Kkilida. 
 
 Khak. 
 
 Khika, khigha. 
 
 Klidclib. 
 
 Khike. 
 
 Khepa. 
 
 Kdba; -dadsi;^ -t/aii.' 
 
 Khikla, khik'ka. 
 
 X/iik'ytikha. 
 
 Kkyitki'ip, kheiikitj). 
 
 Khiki. 
 
 Kkcpa. 
 
 KkdjHi. 
 
 Khak, khak-ckic,^ inakhdk.'^ 
 
 Tita. 
 
 Tita. 
 
 Khakhadha. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kyakhai. 
 
 Khaehiiti. 
 
 Tito. 
 
 Katiik. 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Akriiii, kriiiibo. 
 Klidkb. 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 -^ 
 
 h 
 
 8 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, , 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 ^ Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spohen), 
 Elhyeng v, Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kumi, . . . 
 Mril V. Toung, 
 _Sdk, . . , 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, , 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, , 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, , 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . , . 
 
 f Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . , 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, , . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . , 
 
 Gadaba, , . 
 
 Yerukala, , . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 Tamil, mod, . 
 
 Malaydlnia, .inc., 
 
 Malaydjma, mud, 
 
 Tcliigii, 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Kavndtaka, mod. 
 
 T'uluva, 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 Toduva, ) 
 
 Toda, j 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 Kufumba, 
 
 Iruja, , , 
 
 Malabar, , 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Gakhd. 
 
 Khdkkd. 
 
 ICaduva. 
 
 Hdni. 
 
 Gokd. 
 
 Akhdba. 
 
 Khd. 
 
 Khd. 
 
 laid. 
 
 Chdsi. 
 
 Alihd. 
 
 Pakld. 
 
 Pakld. 
 
 Kbnam. 
 
 Koddk. 
 
 Kai. 
 
 Khd. 
 
 Khd. 
 
 Khd, chdthi. 
 
 Khau, 
 
 Khd. 
 
 Akho. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Ka-tau. 
 
 Kah, kha. 
 
 Khah. 
 
 Khii. 
 
 Khon. 
 
 Dang, 
 
 Khbin, khon. 
 
 Khum. 
 
 Khbtn. 
 
 Khbm, 
 
 Moroia. 
 
 Hdrdd, 
 
 Hadhat, 
 
 Harrada. 
 
 Harkhd. 
 
 Harpand. 
 
 Karkeh. 
 
 Kadi'tta, kaitd, 
 
 ICeiemtil. 
 
 Kcitd. 
 
 Send. 
 
 Chendii. 
 
 Kahitd. 
 
 Keile. 
 
 Katik. 
 
 Kachu. 
 
 Pittdyine, 
 
 Asa. 
 
 Viisdin. 
 
 Ketstsit. 
 
 Titlo. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Kasaiida, kasappu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kaippiilja. 
 
 Clicdii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kliayipe. 
 
 Kaipal. 
 
 Kaehchall, 
 
 Kdthii. 
 
 Kaju. 
 
 Kdhi. 
 
 Kdhi. 
 
 Ktsape. 
 
 Kasappu. 
 
 Titta. 
 
CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 NOIR—SCHWARZ— BLACK— CHERNY—ATER. 
 
 169 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 '-^* 
 
 a 
 
 ' Bodo, Gatchain, gotchom. 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, . . . 
 |, (Arabic, .... 
 
 Krishna, ^ydnia, kdla. 
 Aswad. 
 
 
 Dliimdl, . . 
 Kocch, . . 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dddkd. 
 
 Kdla. 
 
 Penek. 
 
 *^ 
 
 'Bask, 
 
 Beltz, belch, baltz, balch. 
 
 ^' 
 
 Kcichdri, . . 
 
 
 
 Kdn-s'ibai (darkness). 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Musta. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Amuba. 
 
 
 Magyar, . , . , 
 
 Fekcte. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Nak. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 Kara. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Niak. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Shudzah. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Nak. 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 SJiavi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Kati. 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 
 Khara, 
 
 ■^. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Anyak. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, . . , 
 
 Sakhaliyan. 
 
 § 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Tanak. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Hireng. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Nyakla. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Chcmeiig. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Ydkdr. 
 
 
 _ Malay, .... 
 
 Hitam. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Ydkdddk. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Heh. 
 He. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 ^ Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Sakokoi. 
 Chdng 
 
 .«' 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Hak. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman (nriuen), 
 
 
 
 Nak. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Hah. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman (spoken), 
 
 
 
 Net, maith'i. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 0. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 
 Kdn. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . . 
 
 Kurd. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mani'in. 
 
 ^ " 
 
 
 s 
 
 KUmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kani'im. 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 Mon. 
 
 1 
 
 Mru v. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .:^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 Khidi. 
 
 
 ^Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gy£irung, 
 
 
 Kanak. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 
 Katsan. 
 
 h 
 
 IMkpa, 
 
 
 Nak-po. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 
 
 
 Thii, aihii. 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 
 Ddml. 
 
 ,i5 
 
 1 
 
 I'wo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Thiiiig. 
 
 ■Ci 
 
 Thochii, 
 
 
 Nyik. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Phrai. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1- 
 h 
 
 Shdn, ... 
 
 
 
 Lan. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 Nyd-nyd. 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 T>en. 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Ndgpo. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Dam, lan. 
 
 d 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 Ndkpo. 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dam. 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Nam. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, 
 
 Nakpo. 
 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Datn, nin. 
 
 ■2 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Siinvvdr, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 New^, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 Kerd. 
 
 Mlongyd. 
 
 Mldngai. 
 
 Chik chi dancho. 
 
 Maldng. 
 
 Kdlo. 
 
 Hdkii. 
 
 Ktimakld. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 Urdoq, . . 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 ). '■ 
 
 
 Hende, 
 
 Hende. 
 
 Hetide, kdndng-kdndng 
 
 Hende. [(dark), hendi 
 
 Mokharo. 
 
 Hendi. 
 
 Mdrgo. 
 
 Kariyal. 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 
 Mdkachakwa. 
 
 .a 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Kadiyal. 
 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 Makcht'ima. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Kariyal. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . 
 
 Mak-chakmd. 
 
 S 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Mulludi. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 Mdkkacht'ikma. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 
 Dowdankari. 
 
 . 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . .. 
 
 Mokchibpa. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kariydl, jurtor, karkdl. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 Mdkchiima, makchakchak. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kariydl. 
 
 Ydkha, .... 
 
 Makhrtina. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kende. 
 
 a 
 
 Chourdsya, . . . 
 
 Khitchy'amo. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Karupu. 
 
 a 
 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 
 Giigrtipa. 
 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Kdldjdnd. 
 
 t-' 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Kekema. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, .... 
 
 Kydkydm. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Vide. 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 MaiKye, maiye. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 
 
 Kalede. 
 
 S3 
 
 Lambichhong, . . 
 
 Mayukkha. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 
 
 Kalld, kalita. 
 
 
 BAMli 
 
 Makthropa. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 
 
 Kariya. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . 
 
 Mao, niakachik'pa. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Karutta, kartippdna. 
 
 
 Dilmi, 
 
 MaKchupu. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling,_. . . . 
 
 Kekem. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 
 
 
 Karutta. 
 
 
 ^ Dungm^i, . . . 
 
 Mdkchdcha, makchaK,^ chak 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Nalla, nalupu. 
 
 1 
 
 'Ddrhi, 
 
 Denwdr, .... 
 
 Pahri, 
 
 Chepdng 
 
 Bhrlmu, .... 
 Vdyu 
 
 Kajrdro. '- 
 
 Kdrda. 
 
 Hdkiiguhona. 
 
 Galto. 
 
 Chiling. 
 
 Khakchingmi. 
 
 1 
 
 s • 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Ku'rgi, . . . 
 Toduva, > . 
 Toda, 1 . 
 Kdta, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kari. 
 
 Khappa. 
 
 Kartad. 
 
 Kapp. 
 
 Kdrthti. 
 
 Kari. 
 
 54 
 
 1 
 ft? 
 
 Kuswar, .... 
 Kusunda, .... 
 Thdru, 
 
 Kalda. 
 
 Pdngsing. 
 
 Kariyd. 
 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kari, kappu. 
 
 Koppu. 
 
 Kari. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 Anok. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 
 
 Karuppu. 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. 
 
 Lhopa, . 
 
 Ndkpo. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . . 
 
 
 
 . Kalu. 
 
lyo 
 
 FROID— KALT— COLD— KHOLODNY— FRIGIDUS, 
 
 [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 ^ (Arabic, . 
 
 I 
 S 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian. 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Kraina, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Erabuf, . . 
 
 
 t 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 Takpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 Tibetan {-written) 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . 
 
 Gurung, . . 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thaksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, 
 
 I 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kiranti, . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Nilchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Diimi, . . . 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungradli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . 
 Denwdr, 
 Pahri, . 
 Chepdng, 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . , 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . , 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 S'ita, s'itala. 
 Bdrid, bar dan. 
 
 Otz. 
 
 Kylina. 
 
 Hideg. 
 
 Souk. 
 
 Tshi-et-sha. 
 
 Grili. 
 
 Kb dun. 
 
 Shakhorun. 
 
 Hadjm. 
 
 Hasrep. 
 
 Dingin, sujok, salismah. 
 
 Lang, tung. 
 Lang, tung. 
 Lang, tung. 
 Lang. 
 L'Cdan. 
 Samui. 
 
 Yakhi. 
 
 Sidi. 
 
 Ixavandro, kamishta. 
 
 ICrangmo. 
 
 Phanphc. 
 
 Styi'i. 
 
 Khoutlmn. 
 
 Lit'irku. 
 
 Grdngpo. 
 
 Thanimo. 
 
 Thyangnio. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 Simha. 
 
 Si/nba. 
 
 RingcJio. 
 
 Sim. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 JC/nm-won. 
 
 Kesemba, semba. 
 
 Lvengyong. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 ICcngko, kcngniangim. 
 
 RciniuK 
 
 Chhik'(/a. 
 
 IFacht'yang. 
 
 Chiha. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 Chhike, chia. 
 
 Chhdkpa. 
 
 Chhikba. 
 
 Ycpse, yempa. 
 
 Chiyiikha. 
 
 Lpchhiyune. 
 
 Chhiki. 
 
 Chhu. 
 
 ChhaUpa. 
 
 LCeng, keng'che,^ mdkeng} 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 Khukhudha. 
 
 Yesto. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 IChenita. 
 
 Chiso. 
 
 Khdng-go. 
 
 Thandd. 
 
 Ahytm, hyumbo. 
 Khyu-nuK 
 
 ft? 
 
 
 ft; 
 
 s 
 
 I 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 i 
 ■§ 
 
 4 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, , . . 
 Kdnai, , . 
 Mrii v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, , . 
 _ Laos, . . , 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutliik, . , 
 
 Naikudc, . . 
 Kolami, . 
 
 Mddi, . . , 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamij, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, , 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kiirgi, . . 
 Toduva, ( 
 Toda, S 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iiuja, . . 
 Malabar, , 
 Sinhalese, , 
 
 Giishit. 
 
 Tirkd. 
 
 Thanda. 
 
 Chikrop. 
 
 Gosha. 
 
 Ayingba. 
 
 Rdtig-kham. 
 
 Wang-sam. 
 
 Aiyang. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Aki. 
 
 L'Cddsiltd. 
 
 A'chikab. 
 
 Ansinge. 
 
 Ansinge, sikkire. 
 
 Chepepe. 
 
 LCatsi, 
 
 I<Chya7n, e. 
 
 LChydn, e, chyannthi. 
 
 Kayoung. 
 
 Be, di. 
 
 Siwdi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ba. 
 
 Gho. 
 
 Tser gating. 
 
 LHhwd. 
 
 Kat. 
 
 Lan. 
 
 Yen, ndu, ka?in. 
 IChye, ndti. 
 
 Yen. 
 Ndu, yen. 
 
 Rabang. 
 Rabang. 
 
 Rdbdng, 
 Rabang. 
 
 rdtdng 
 
 hemaol, 
 
 [(frowst). 
 Ekh. 
 Rcdrtana. 
 Paniai. 
 
 Mudungtd, miiragtd. 
 Mudtiugtal. 
 Marustd. 
 Igain. 
 I'ani. 
 
 Dalangtd, kinda, keringtd. 
 Caret. 
 
 Chamrabdng, rarang. 
 Ldd. 
 
 Jilliminju. 
 Sayi vudede. 
 Tsallari. 
 Musunu. 
 Sittald. 
 
 Tanniya. 
 
 Kiilirnda, sidalamana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tattutta. 
 
 Challani. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tampu. 
 
 Ch'hali. 
 
 ICultat. 
 
 Pillele. 
 
 Perthti, kuorthii. 
 
 /alii. 
 
 /alii, koravu. 
 
 /ei. 
 
 /alii. 
 
 Kulirmei. 
 
 Sitala. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] CROCHU-GEKRUMMT-CROOKE D— KRIVOI— CURVUS. 
 
 171 
 
 tlo 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 •| (SANSKriiT, .... Vakra, kuiila. 
 
 1. 
 
 \ (Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 Aaway. 
 
 f«^ 
 
 
 ' Bask, .... 
 
 
 Mahtr, 
 
 ^" 
 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 
 
 Wddra. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 
 Gi'irbe. 
 
 "^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 
 Egri, eyri. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 
 Biitcy. 
 
 1 
 
 § ' 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 
 Mrudi. 
 
 "5^ 
 
 
 Mongolian, . . 
 
 
 Bokedor, beyedet. 
 
 •^ 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, . . 
 
 
 Mudangga. 
 
 ■c ■ 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Beng-kong. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Bcng-kong. 
 
 i 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Bangkok. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Wdu-k'iuh. 
 
 f*i 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Wdu-chu. 
 
 
 s° 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 link. 
 
 1 
 
 St 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Ki'oh, gioh. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Oat. 
 
 «^ 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Magalti. 
 
 h 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ■ Gyd,mi, . . 
 
 
 
 Tingdimyii. 
 
 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 
 Makas'to. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tcikpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Kyok-po. 
 
 g 
 
 Mcdnyak, . , 
 
 
 
 . Kho-kho. 
 
 
 ■s 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 
 ■ y«,f^^) jaMd-give. 
 
 § 
 
 1 
 a; 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ ■ 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Gi'mgii. 
 
 
 .s 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 'Ssgiirbo, tt'idpo.- 
 
 2 
 
 _ Tibetan {spoken), 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Kdkpo. 
 . Kok-lok. 
 
 1 
 
 ^i 
 
 Siinw^r, . . 
 
 
 
 . Bdngo. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Gilrung, . . 
 
 
 
 . KMing. 
 
 
 fi 
 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 . Kokteng. 
 
 
 •j^ 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 Giimeho. 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 . Yeba. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 
 
 . Bdng-go. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 . Beko. 
 . KoktA. 
 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 
 
 U'dungH twon tong. 
 
 ■s 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 . Bdnggo, koko dyiipa. 
 
 *> 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Yektti, ukudak dak. 
 
 ^ ■ 
 
 S3 
 
 
 Chhingtingya, 
 
 
 
 . Bydngkruk. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 . Bdnggo. 
 
 C 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 . Bdnggo. 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Yegekna, yekyang. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chouritsya, . 
 
 
 
 Uigdmcho. 
 
 
 a 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Mantwdipa. 
 
 
 ■§<" 
 
 Thulnngya, . 
 
 
 
 . Mijorigpa. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Madyom'ba, gung-gung-me. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Khokho, OoKye. 
 
 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 OkriUpa, bang' krik-pa. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khok-khokpugu. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Toh' nond. 
 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khrdda. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 GiinggMg-ma. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . 
 
 
 
 OkrokraMchi. 
 
 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kwonkdro. 
 
 .«■ 
 
 li 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdnko. 
 
 
 fe; 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 
 
 Pharasogumua. 
 
 s 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dongto. 
 
 ►*; 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Bdngo. 
 
 <: 
 ^ 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . . . 
 
 
 
 Kokoldngmo. 
 
 c^ 
 
 S 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 
 
 Bdngo. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 
 
 
 Wdng-kdng. 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 Thdru, . . . . 
 
 
 
 Tat. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Mandng. 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni V. LhopE 
 
 I, . 
 
 
 TyokkH. 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tabliing Ndgi 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndg£, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burmaii {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . _ . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kol ami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 Tami], mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Kanidtaka, anc 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Tocla, ) 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Khi'mgkrd, khongkra. 
 
 Kyokd. 
 
 Beka. 
 
 Kdkrdi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khoye. 
 
 Kom. 
 
 Koni. 
 
 TlkUiang. 
 
 Krewi. 
 
 Akiiang. 
 
 Tikrak. 
 
 Koikolo. 
 
 Muwai, gado. 
 
 Guddk. 
 
 Kekurai. 
 
 Kok. 
 
 Kai/k, kaukthi. 
 
 Koldk. 
 
 Tako. 
 
 Akwe. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tanoitk. 
 Kd, t'blir. 
 Kaiiig. 
 Ngdken. 
 Kot. 
 Vay. 
 
 Ngo, kot 
 Ke, ngok. 
 Ngok. 
 Kom, kot. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kochamocha. 
 
 Lnngkambeh. 
 
 Hcssi't bdnka, 
 
 Bcngko. 
 
 Kekihido. 
 
 Sero. 
 
 Tedho, hekodal. 
 
 Waritd. 
 
 Waridl. 
 
 Wdnkade. 
 Sarase. 
 
 Waktd, addm, wadeg. 
 A'daphi. 
 Kivocha. 
 
 Wdnkd. 
 Bankaddj&ne. 
 Kokkade. 
 Dairoyi. 
 
 Vankara. 
 Ba7iko. 
 
 Kodiya. 
 
 Kbniya, kbnaldna. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Valanga. 
 
 Vankara. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sotta. 
 
 Mont. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Balug. 
 
 Kenkx. 
 
 Gokke. 
 
 Gokke. 
 
 Kokki. 
 
 Konal. 
 
 Ada. 
 
172 
 
 GROS— DICK— FAT— JIRNY—PINGUIS. 
 
 [chap. v. — ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Types. 
 
 i 
 
 Bodo, GiipMfig. 
 
 & 
 
 fe> 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 
 Dhdmkd, chopka. 
 Moia. ■ 
 
 ■§ (Sanskrit, .... Pivara, plna, push/a. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 % (Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 
 Nasih, samm. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Kdnentwa. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 
 
 
 Gisen, lodi. 
 Lihawa. 
 
 fei 
 
 ^Kdchdri, . 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 
 
 Kover. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Chong, 
 
 g) 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 
 
 Semiz. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Nittan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 
 
 Tsheh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Tabiti. 
 
 1 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Pomoja. 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Boghisa. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Atat. 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 Tchalukha. 
 
 5 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Tabok. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Lhim. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Tabok. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Lhna. 
 
 8 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Udo. 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Gamuk. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Jiiiname. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Ft. 
 Fei. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Mejirini. 
 Phi'mi. 
 
 s> 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Fi. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman {wriiteu). 
 
 
 
 Wa, ttip. 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Ts'ong. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman {spoken). 
 
 
 
 Wa, tok, wauth't. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Pili. 
 
 1 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 
 
 
 Thai. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Futotorii. 
 
 h ' 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Len. 
 
 " 
 
 
 
 
 J* 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Len. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 •1 
 
 MrU v. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 >* 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Houti. 
 
 1 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Kwipan. 
 
 > 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Kara. 
 
 
 Takpa, , . 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Gydk-pa. 
 Dachuh. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 Cliarwd. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Pay. 
 
 Si 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 YoMiwc-tlie. 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 
 
 Payi. 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 . Kalbo, galvo. 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Bay. 
 
 ^i 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 ■ Rgyagspo. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Awen, sai, tnan. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 
 Tho-thomho. 
 
 .5 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 Pi. 
 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 (0 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Pi. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Gydmo. 
 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pi, tui. 
 
 -jj 
 
 Siinvvdr, . . 
 Gurung, . . 
 Miirmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Dt'imso. 
 Choba. 
 
 riinlin 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 ), 
 
 
 Rota. 
 
 I-Ciriend. \_jdridang-sdnghi. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Dhesho. 
 . Dhtiniwa. 
 . Moto. 
 . Lhong. 
 . Mehrii. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 Urdon, . . 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Legesdh, saraih-leko, 
 
 Barai, mot a. 
 
 Mota. 
 
 Mota. 
 
 Gandi tarve. 
 
 Khodavinch, taj'o, moto. 
 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . . 
 
 
 
 . Tok-pdn. 
 
 Q 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Kodavij. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 . Lete. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 ICorbis, karal. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Leydngko, tokpang, chhuwo. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Koru. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 U'sdmtdno. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 
 I\orau, kiibamon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 . U'mdheppdlidda. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Koditwasku, kosela, berpor. 
 
 \ 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Chiplo, badhcpo, kbyaiig. 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. \iHendiil. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Yemm'ibd. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Charbi, bedeka. 
 
 % 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 . Kholbo. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Nona, todu. 
 
 a. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 . Leipd. 
 
 
 IQiond, . . 
 
 
 
 Gellu ayininju. 
 
 ■5-' 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Senipd. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 
 Kovvudele. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Senei'tba. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Bhiri'tgu. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Ydimmye. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 
 
 ICovvitsu, nenaviu. 
 
 J3 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 . Isamtai mekha. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . , 
 
 
 
 Tehtbhariya, tellarata. 
 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Ydninu dhepa. 
 . Litiko. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Valatta. 
 
 Kozhuppdna, valappamdna, 
 
 
 Dumi, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Lei. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. SJioliippu. 
 
 
 Klidling, . . 
 
 
 
 Senupd. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 ICozImtta. 
 
 
 Dungradli, 
 
 
 
 . DM. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Xovvina, kovvu, balinina. 
 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Moto. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Moto. 
 
 . Lhonghmo. 
 
 1 
 
 <; 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tu}uva, . . , 
 
 
 Kobhina. 
 Thora. 
 
 1, 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 Kichho. 
 
 1 
 ■§ 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, 1 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Pekkam. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Vdyii, . . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 Lout a. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bechiti. 
 
 
 
 
 Moto. 
 
 t^ 
 
 K6ta, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Pordle. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 Fiji. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kobbu. 
 
 =5 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mot. 
 
 
 Kurumlia, 
 
 
 
 
 Gobbu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 
 
 
 IColupu. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Asyum, syumbo. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kohtttha, tht'ilitha. 
 
 
 Blultdni V. Lhop 
 
 \ 
 
 
 Gydino. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tara. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 PLAT— PLATT— FLAT— ROVNY— PLANUS, 
 
 ^n 
 
 5: 
 
 c3 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 ■■c 
 
 I 
 
 
 J 
 I 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, \ 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydnuig, . 
 T^kpa, 
 Minyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan {written); 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, , 
 Miirmi, 
 Magat, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirinti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 WdHng, . 
 Yikha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bihingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sfeg-ping, 
 Dilmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Satna, samdna, sapdta. 
 Basit,, musat,ta}}. 
 
 Zdai, lanba, naba, plaun. 
 
 Tasa. 
 
 Sik. 
 
 Diiz. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Plgcli, sada. 
 
 Kliaptagai. 
 
 Khalfiyan. 
 
 Rata. 
 
 Rachin. 
 
 Rdta. 
 
 P'ing. 
 
 P'ing. 
 
 P'ing. 
 
 Biiig. 
 
 Pin. 
 
 Hilatai. \ 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 LiUib. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 PhlM. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pabapilhe. 
 
 Pdtalo. 
 
 Pati. 
 
 Kuphella. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phlempd. 
 
 Phemdagwa, pheddwa, 
 
 Phempedepmd. \j>hebdapma. 
 
 Phreinphremya. 
 
 Phimpichichi. 
 
 PhekpheknA. 
 
 Plemplimme. 
 
 Phemphempa. 
 
 Plentplemmd. 
 
 Plem-pkm' me. 
 
 P/iekphek'-ma. 
 
 Ranrankha. 
 
 Phck phek pa. 
 
 Phemphem'-ko. 
 
 Phlemphlem' -me. 
 
 Phemphemme. 
 
 Phepchiddkda. 
 
 Chepto. 
 
 Chepto. 
 
 Pherchyakyengu, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nimbtile. 
 
 Tengteng. 
 
 Sambh. 
 
 Chydngkdng. 
 
 Pdnarabangpdfiang. 
 
 Asap, sapbo, alep, lepbo. 
 Lc-blep, sab-them, ._ 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 ^ 
 
 h 
 
 h 
 
 
 .« 
 
 Bodo, . . . . 
 
 Dhimill, . . . 
 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 Garo, . . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mftlidn Nclgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Ivliitri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi NAgii, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman {loritten), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 Sdk 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thi:, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 Urdon, .... 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, .... 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 Naikude, . . . 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 Mddi 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 Kuri, .... 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva,) . . 
 To(;la, I . . 
 Kdta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 Irula, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 Somdmii. 
 
 Sdrikd. 
 
 Saindn. 
 
 Gakshan. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Todc. 
 
 Matam. 
 
 Madamka. 
 
 Neing-sudb. 
 
 Omanddk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ram. 
 
 Vyd. 
 
 ¥yd, pyathi. 
 
 Pe. ■ 
 
 Phddd. 
 
 Kampo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khataithl. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sau-pyay. 
 
 Pyi. 
 
 Bang. 
 
 Hpen. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mitauligia. 
 
 Mih-sduftg, ehdpada ; 
 
 Morsom. (Mra/id-te and 
 
 CJtapti. bhdt-diite (to 
 
 Cliaptia. I level). 
 
 Bardbar. 
 
 Naphiiral manddnnr, neli. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nicho (low). 
 
 Dubrak (low). 
 
 Vtten (low). 
 
 Pedal (low). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ita (low). 
 
 Gidda (low). 
 
 Rosarola. 
 
 Samangadele. . 
 
 Sadunugddulta. 
 
 Sadanu. 
 
 C/tekuno, chakkakini. 
 
 Adara. 
 
 Tattaiydna. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Paranna. 
 
 Tattena. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chappate. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Shattei. 
 
 Patali. 
 
174 
 
 BON— GUT— GOOD— DOBRY— BONUS, 
 
 [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 , Types. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bodo, Gham,ghdm. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 EM. 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, .... Sddhu,bhadra,dryyas'uhha. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Bhdla. 
 
 ■^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 'Yayyib, kheir. 
 
 fei 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 Fenem. 
 
 s 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 On. 
 
 fe; 
 
 , Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Gahum, gham. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Hywa. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Aphabd. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Jo. 
 
 '^i 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Maile. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Eyi. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Mailunke. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Souy-yey. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Aro\ 
 
 § ■ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kargi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Viwe. 
 
 I- 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ssain. 
 
 •s 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Asan. 
 
 ^3 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Sain. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Tatsong. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Bechik. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Chongkolo. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Sake. 
 
 H 
 ). 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Aidu. 
 
 
 Malay, . . , 
 
 
 Bdyik. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Aida. 
 
 
 
 
 f^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 Ch'urini. 
 
 
 Chinese, JNankm, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Hdou. 
 Hdou, 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Gajd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Ho. 
 
 1' 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 
 ''Long, 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Halt. 
 
 E 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 'K.aung, kaimgthi. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Ho. 
 Yoi. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Be. 
 Hui. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Ktimi, .... 
 
 
 Haul. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Share. 
 
 1 
 
 Mril v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Houkliou, hotitl. 
 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 K 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Kasne, 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Khd. 
 
 h 
 
 Takpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Lihuni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Gha. 
 
 k 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Damdah. 
 
 'S 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Ghi. 
 
 "■c 
 
 Thochii, . , 
 
 
 
 . Ndi. 
 
 5 
 
 Toungh-thu, . , 
 
 
 Hen. • 
 
 (J; 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chhdng-hene, 
 
 K 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Liyau. 
 
 S 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Gdye-gnor. 
 
 ^\ 
 
 Annamitic, . , 
 
 
 Tot. 
 
 ^) 
 
 Tibetan (loritkn) 
 
 
 
 Bazdngpo, 
 
 K) 
 S 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Di, liyoiik. 
 
 2 
 
 _ Tibetan (spokm), 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 , Ya:ppo. 
 Lemu. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Di. 
 Ni. 
 Di. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Sdnwir, . . 
 Giirung, . . 
 Miirmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Rimso. 
 
 Saba. 
 . Jdba. 
 
 Gyepche. 
 . A'sbd. 
 . Bdhiya, niko. 
 . Bhing. 
 
 Nohba, kenohba. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (SingI 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali 
 Gondi, . 
 
 ibhum). 
 
 
 Bugi. 
 
 Bugi, bhdge, bhugi, manjdk, 
 
 Biigi. [sirdh-bdrdh. 
 
 Biigi. 
 
 Besri. 
 
 Bogi. 
 
 Cru. 
 
 Besmanda, chokat. 
 
 
 ' Kirinti, . . 
 
 
 
 Nuhva. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 . Nyo, kregne. 
 
 'l 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 Tisa. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Nuwo, mtwochi. 
 
 s 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Berindod. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Nuno, 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Dadam. 
 
 .-i 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Nada, nat, natkni. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, - 
 
 
 
 Besh, nehena, neinatu. 
 
 I 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Nil, khupunii, aviwa, i. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 
 Nehana. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Yikha, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Nulla. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 
 Awal. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Chourd,sya, 
 
 
 
 
 Dticho, 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 
 Nalla. 
 
 a. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . No, not, noyu. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 
 Nekkdnju. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Nyupa, 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Ampase. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Nyiiba. 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 
 Jalem. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 . Niiye, nukcli'ia;^ nukmiha.'^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 
 Nalla. 
 
 p 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 Nuyu-kha. 
 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 
 
 Achhdye, bhdld. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Ni'tne, niip. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 ) , , 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 . Ni. 
 
 
 Tamij, mod,, . . 
 
 
 Nalla. 
 
 
 Ddnii, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Nyupa. 
 
 
 Malaydhna, cine, 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 
 Khdling, ^ . 
 
 
 
 
 Nyi'ipa. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mo4., 
 
 
 Nana, nallani. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 Nil; nuehie ;^ nunian'nu.'^ 
 
 
 Telugu, . . , 
 
 
 Manc/ii, cliokdtaniu, bdgu. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . , 
 
 
 
 
 . Niko. 
 Sajhd. 
 Bhingguhma, 
 
 •n 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karnataka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Olle, cheluva. 
 
 Eddattam. 
 
 
 Chepdng, , 
 ]3hrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Pito. 
 . Gddo. 
 
 . Nuh'kdnio, nulikanio. 
 Bhala. 
 
 r 
 1 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, 1 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Nallad. 
 . Caret. 
 Vulti. 
 Voile. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 Waiyaki. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Voile. 
 
 e? 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Niman, badhai. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Voile. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndlla. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Aryi'im, ryumbo. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Nalla. 
 
 
 Bhiltdni V. LI 
 
 lop 
 
 a. 
 
 
 Lemo. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Honda. 
 
CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 GRAND-GROSS-GREAT— VELIKY-GRANDIS. 
 
 175 
 
 K 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 I 
 I 
 
 a 
 
 
 I 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian,' 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chine.se, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 ' Gy£mi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {luritten). 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pdkhya, , 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rtlngchenbimg, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourisya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Dtimi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Mahat, vrihat, prithu ; 
 Kahir. \hahu (many). 
 
 Andi, aundi, larri, eskerge, 
 
 Suuri. \ordongo. 
 
 Nagy. 
 
 Lcuyuk. 
 
 Astidet, bahsh. 
 
 Didi. 
 
 Seghe. 
 
 Amba. 
 
 Gede. 
 
 Basdr. 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Ta. 
 
 Tdi. 
 
 Til. 
 
 Tod. 
 
 Oki. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Td-ti. 
 
 Kahti\ 
 
 Thenho. 
 
 Kah-kah. 
 
 Pwi-tJia. 
 
 rkhi. 
 
 KamthA. 
 
 Chhenpo, sbombo. 
 
 Bomho. 
 
 GirbH. 
 Kol-sotu. 
 
 Thebd: :--.^;:-v'' 
 
 Gndjdng. - ';' "• 
 Krdncho. 
 . Theba. 
 TMIo. 
 
 Taugo, ta-gu. 
 Yomba. 
 
 ITtoydng. 
 
 Ko, mahipmd, mahippa. 
 
 Utokpang, utwapang. 
 
 Thekhd. 
 
 U'mdheppa^ yetikholcho. 
 
 Atokpa. 
 
 Mdkna. 
 
 Khol bo. 
 
 Dheppa. 
 
 Dokpu. 
 
 Gnolo. • •- 
 
 Dhed, deha, dhechia, miha. 
 
 TheiiyuKkha, theuyuk. 
 
 Dhepa. 
 
 Umdheppa. 
 
 Gholpa, 
 
 Ghdlpa. 
 
 DJiigo, dhi; dhicki ;^ mad- 
 
 Caret. ^ 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 , Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Wogonrdi. 
 Mot. 
 
 Atim, timbo. 
 Bombo. 
 
 •2 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Mahat. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Dhamkd. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Badn. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Godd. 
 
 fei 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Gidet. 
 
 
 Mimipuri 
 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Achung, nail. 
 
 1 
 
 0^ 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Yong-nong. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd 
 
 Tahpetiaii. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Jopilr. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Adong. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Talulu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Tape. 
 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . . 
 
 Bote. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 
 
 A'ttaddk. _ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . 
 
 Am-chd-dini. 
 
 
 Singpho 
 
 Gubd. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Burman {wriltcn), . . 
 
 Kri. 
 
 is 
 
 Burman {spohm), . . . 
 
 Kyi, kyoMJil 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kliycng V. Shou, . . 
 
 Leu. ■ 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdnii, 
 
 Lc/ig. 
 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 Leu. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrii v. Toung, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . . 
 
 Thanot. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 i 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . . 
 
 Tan. 
 
 e5 
 
 Shdn, ._ 
 
 Yoiihk. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Lon. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, 
 
 Kalohn, luang, yai. 
 
 .1 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Long 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, 
 
 Lung, yaii. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Luang, yai. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . . . 
 
 Marang. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Mdrang. 
 
 
 Santdh, .... 
 
 Mdrang, ndpadd, hdpadd. 
 
 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 
 ILisso mdrang. 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 LCohd. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Mdrang. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Bevo. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Fada,paror, mota. 
 
 ■ S 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Sajor. 
 
 -§ 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Jetan. 
 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Dahtid, dodo. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Gubanda. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Bedha, beraha, perama. 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 LCat, gad. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . . ' 
 
 Bardu. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Deranju. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Gogo. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Mudo. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Beriidu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Badakd. 
 
 
 'Tamil, anc 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 Periya. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Valiya, periya. 
 
 
 Telugii, .... 
 
 Pedda. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 iS" 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., . 
 
 Dodda. 
 
 s 
 
 Tuliiva, .... 
 
 . Mallow. 
 
 s 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Tocluva,) . . . 
 Toda, [ . , . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 . Etud. 
 
 to 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 . Dadda. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 . Dadda. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 . Dodda. 
 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Dodda. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Iberia. 
 
 
 Sinhalese,. . . . 
 
 . Mahat. 
 
176 
 
 VERT— GRUN— GREEN— ZELENG—VIRIDIS, 
 
 [CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES. 
 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Tyj>es. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Magyar, 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyimi, 
 
 Gydrung, 
 Td,kpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochu, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {wriikn), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 
 Siinw^r, 
 
 Giirung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 Pcikhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kir^nti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Ddrai, . . . 
 Khdling, . . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chcpdng, . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Harit, hart, palds'a. 
 Akhdar, 
 
 JSerde, ferde. 
 
 Wiheria. 
 Zold. 
 
 Yeshil. 
 
 SJikhantey. 
 
 Mtsvani. 
 
 NogOH. 
 
 Nioklwn. 
 Hljo. 
 Hijcm. 
 Hijau. 
 
 Lull. 
 
 Lit. 
 
 Liik. 
 
 Loll. 
 
 Lck. 
 
 Alii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ligdi. 
 
 Karmydk. 
 
 Chdngu. 
 
 Cliiigindo. 
 
 Zy&ngki'i. 
 
 ICho-kho. 
 
 Jhdngi'i. 
 
 ajdiigkhu. 
 
 Jlidngu. 
 
 Ni'immo. 
 Gigi. 
 U'rkyd. 
 Pingai. 
 
 Phiphi dancho. 
 Phin. 
 ILariyo. 
 Wdwon. 
 Lehla. 
 
 Chakla. 
 
 ILariyo. 
 
 ILariyo. 
 
 CliaUla. 
 
 Ilarlyo. 
 
 Chak'la. 
 
 P/iina. 
 
 Sisijokcho, sisijotua. 
 
 Gigipa. 
 
 Gigim. 
 
 Gigiin. 
 
 Phiye. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phiphipa. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Wdlu. 
 
 Gigima. 
 
 Makpo 
 
 LLaryo. 
 ILarro. 
 ]VoiiwondIia. 
 Phcllo. 
 Siksik. 
 Gin'ingmi. 
 Hardidlo. 
 ILariyo. 
 LLariyer. 
 
 Phuiigphong. 
 Nhyainbo. 
 
 kcke, mak'P'okcka, 
 [kachi.^' 
 
 I*) 
 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 <o 
 
 'Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . , 
 Kdchdri, , 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Aboi- Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singplio, . . 
 
 Burman {ivriiUn), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . ... 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Mnl v. Toung, 
 [.Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, . . 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 Urdon, . . 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 Gondi, . . . 
 Gayeti, . . 
 Rutluk, . . 
 Naikude, . . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . . 
 Mddia, . . 
 Kuri, . . . 
 Keikddi, . . 
 Khond, , . 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, , . 
 Yemkala, . . 
 Chentsu, . . 
 Tami], anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc 
 Malaydlma, mod 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod 
 Tujuva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iru]a, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 ), 
 
 Samsram, khdngshur. 
 
 Nelpd. 
 
 LLara. 
 
 Heng jeleng. 
 
 Goshuin (blue). 
 
 Napi'i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Shim-puluk. 
 
 LCapaje. 
 
 Ailing. 
 
 Tacham. 
 
 Tacham. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Geddk. 
 
 Pijoni. 
 
 L'Cetsing. 
 
 Chim. 
 
 Seing, tscinthi. 
 
 Nail. 
 
 Maeinsin. 
 
 LCanhein. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 LLnentaiiyit. 
 Lah. 
 
 Yi. 
 Ling. 
 
 Chyo. 
 
 Xan. 
 
 Khayo, kheau. 
 
 LCyi. 
 
 LUiyen. 
 
 Kheau. 
 
 Gdde. 
 
 Gadesosang. 
 LLdli, hariyar. 
 Gade sosang. 
 Llarria. 
 LLarridr. 
 Kenkajro. 
 Haro, hirawa. 
 Kache. 
 Hariro. 
 Pachand. 
 Pachchi. 
 Arta, ai-iana. 
 Hariyal. 
 Hara. 
 Pasuru. 
 Caret. 
 
 Voldmbididakuvu. 
 Vokmpatstsa. 
 Yaldtstsdggo. 
 LLarihjal, sabuniya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Paehchei, pasu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pachcha. 
 
 A'kupachcha, pachcha. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 LLasuru. 
 
 Pachche. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Paje. 
 
 Paje. 
 
 LLase. 
 
 LLase. 
 
 Pdje. 
 
 Pachd. 
 
 IColapd(a. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 BEAU— SCHON— HANDSOME— KRASIVY—PULCHER. 
 
 177 
 
 Types. 
 
 -5 
 
 (Sanskiiit, 
 
 
 
 
 Suriipa, r^pavat, sugdtra 
 
 <! ^Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Jamil. 
 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Eder, galant, polit, ficho. 
 
 Kaunis. 
 
 Szep. 
 
 i^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 Guzel. 
 
 ■•% 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 Dahshey, 
 
 ? 1 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Lamasi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Isala. 
 
 d 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Amballingu. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Bagus. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Bagus. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Elok. 
 
 
 f Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Hdou-yangwoh. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Hdou-yangwoh. 
 
 .»«. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Hh-yeong-tsze. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 CKu-hau-kun. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Slit. 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 Kireni: 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 . Zabro. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 . Houti. 
 
 K 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 K'dmchiir. 
 
 h 
 
 Tttkpa, 
 
 
 
 Li/u'tmi, gnomdno. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Bhyiin p/ii'i. 
 
 <; 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 'RJiwi. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chdng-bene. 
 
 Si 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Kainsyitr. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {^mitten), 
 
 
 
 Dsesmo, stiigpo. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan [spoken], 
 r Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Jebo. 
 . Lento, simbu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sunwdr, . 
 
 
 
 . Rimso. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gdrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Saba. 
 
 •S 
 
 Mdrmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Brot-khdba. 
 
 •^ . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 Shecheja. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Bastu, niMkyahepd. 
 
 «, 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 
 
 Rdmro. 
 
 I^" 
 
 Newir, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Bdnld. 
 
 Nohva, kenohva. 
 
 KhdnMvo. 
 Khannyd, sangnya. 
 Khdng-niiwo. 
 Uchununo. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Khan-ndda. 
 
 ,i 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Khang'nii. 
 
 <, 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 IchcMnuna, 
 
 i 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 Rdncho. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Gnali niipa. 
 
 ■^ ■ 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 /yopa. 
 
 ;^ 
 
 Bihingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Rim'ba, -dadsi,'^ -dad.'' 
 
 '■§ 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Kamrt&ye. 
 
 ? 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 > 
 
 
 
 U' chuifAyukha. 
 
 i^ 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sing-p^ng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdh, 
 
 
 
 
 Khennung. 
 
 Khdnni. 
 
 Bharigpa. 
 
 Bhang'pa. 
 
 Khdnnu, khannu-chi'i.'^ 
 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Rdmro. 
 
 ,i 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 Card. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Banglaguhma. 
 
 'fe- 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 
 Dyangto. 
 
 :^ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Kusyen. 
 
 E^ 
 
 Viiyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Bing. 
 
 S 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Banaila. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 Waiyaimyd-bdk. 
 
 0=1 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Besmanai. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Aryum, ryumbo. 
 
 
 Bhiltdni v. Lh 
 
 lop 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Lento. 
 
 SI 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 
 
 Majdng, ntojdng. 
 
 !■ 
 
 Dhimdl, , . . 
 
 
 Remkd, elka (?). 
 
 e^ . 
 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 
 Songot. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo 
 
 
 Nemd. 
 
 fei 
 
 ^ Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 
 Moojung. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . 
 
 
 Aphujaba. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mithdn Nigd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Kubaitaro. 
 
 V 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Visit. 
 
 
 Ndrasdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 A sand. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 ICdiigatsong. 
 
 1 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Chongthang. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Kampodo. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Kdiigkdiic. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 
 I chit bare. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Jdsoi. 
 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 
 Lha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 
 Lhd, hlathi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Pdiii. 
 
 A 
 
 Kdmi 
 
 
 Anon. 
 
 su 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 
 Hoi. 
 
 
 Mril v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 X 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Gait. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 A'khioibah, pkwahghd. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Pvvo-karen, . . 
 
 
 KliwUah. 
 
 \ 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Tdrd. 
 
 § 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Hanlin. 
 
 S 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Sdk. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Ngdm, hanlan. 
 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Khyeng. 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Ngdm. 
 
 
 Laos 
 
 
 Ngdm. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 Bugi nelloted. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Bt'tgilika. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Jantar, mdhit, manjdk, 
 
 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 
 
 B/tgikiiri. [soghod, do/. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Besre. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Bes. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 Criigdre. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Sajari. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Neheti, lachkut. 
 
 •>>4 - 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Dadapata. 
 
 •fc 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Daddpan. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Beshmwkhami, karkal. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 
 Nehana. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Cliajar. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 Nalla. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Ambasanaie. 
 
 
 Gad aba, . . . 
 
 
 Limmokkd. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 
 Nalla. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Bhalldti, sundor. 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 
 Azhakiya {alakiya). 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 Azhakdna, saundariyamdna. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Azhakitlla. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Andamaina, cJiakkani. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .« 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Chelitva. 
 
 1, 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Eddattano. 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1' 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Tod a, 1 
 
 
 
 Narradodi. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Ndrthti. 
 
 c« 
 
 K(5ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 Fasane, singara. 
 
 Singara. 
 
 Singara. 
 
 Alagu. 
 
 Alahii, alahdna. 
 
 Lakshana. 
 
178 
 
 CHAUD— HEISS— HOT— GORYACHY— CALIDUS. 
 
 [CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES. 
 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, , 
 
 fco 
 
 
 I 
 
 ^5 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 "S 
 
 t 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 Gyd,mi, . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 Takpa, . . 
 
 M^nyak, . . 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {luritten), 
 
 Tibetan {spoken], 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 t 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 '■e 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchcnbiing, 
 Chhingtitngya, 
 Nd.chhei"eng, . 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Chourd-sya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 Dilmi, . . . 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 Blirdimi, . . 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 Kiiswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Ushna, chanila, saniapta, 
 Hdrr, hdmi. [tdpi.. 
 
 Bero, berotsti, beroti, berodim. 
 
 Palawa. 
 
 Forro. 
 
 Sijak. 
 
 Pahbey. 
 
 Datskha. 
 
 Khalaghen, 
 
 Khalkhon. 
 
 Pannas. 
 
 Pannas. 
 
 Angat. 
 
 Jeh, nwan. 
 Jo, nwan. 
 It, nun. 
 Nieh. 
 Jodh. 
 Atsui. 
 
 Basuni, 
 
 Redi. 
 
 Kassi, kavassi. 
 
 Gromo. 
 
 Cheche. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Hdlon. 
 
 Cheche. 
 
 Tshdpo, dropo. 
 
 Chdbo, 
 
 Tenmo. 
 
 Hoso. 
 
 Kro-ba. 
 
 Lepd. 
 
 Khan-cho. 
 
 Lhap. 
 
 Tdto. 
 
 Khivd. 
 
 Kego-ba. 
 
 Kiiydng. 
 
 Ki'ireKwa, ki'ireko. 
 Ki'iko, kiU/ui/igiva, 
 Ku-no. 
 Semi 7t)a. 
 Kuyang. 
 Kii-ha. 
 Tdto. 
 Hoke. 
 Glyoglem. 
 
 Gleglcm, -dadsi;'- -daa.^ 
 Ki'isc, kii, kukchia, 
 Kiiyu, ki'iyukha. 
 Kline, kit. 
 Hdki, pi'iti. 
 Wdl, hai. 
 Glogloina. 
 Ku, kuchie^ makiV 
 
 Tdto. 
 Tdto. 
 
 Kwdgiihma. 
 Vhdto. 
 U'di'im. 
 /eta. 
 Tdto. 
 Bhrok. 
 Chuhan. 
 
 Arhiint, rhunibo. 
 Ten mo. 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 h 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . , 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 IChdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spolten), 
 Khyeng v, Shou 
 Kdmi, , , , 
 KUmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, ... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, , 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . , 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, ' . 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia,. . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . . 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc,, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Tod a, j 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 GMi'mg. 
 Chdkd, sddka, 
 Gorom. 
 Giitung. 
 Gtidung, 
 
 Asdba. 
 
 Kham. 
 
 Shem. 
 
 Tetsd. 
 
 Khakwu. 
 
 Akhdm. 
 
 Tatsok. 
 
 Lamme. 
 
 Gudorong. 
 
 Gundme. 
 
 Kaini. 
 
 Kdihet. 
 
 Pti. 
 
 Pu, puthi. 
 
 Kholeik. 
 
 Bi. 
 
 Bi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Kata. 
 Ko. 
 Tserku. 
 Kheu. 
 
 Nbng. 
 Ron, met. 
 Ran, lut. 
 Hon, mai, lilt. 
 Hon. 
 
 Lolo. 
 Lolo. 
 
 Lolo, setong, uragum. 
 Gumdr. 
 Biddh. 
 Balhaltan. 
 Ki'irni. 
 
 Kdstai, kastd. 
 Kastal. 
 Kasta. 
 Ukhadd. 
 Sitiir. 
 
 Kasta, kasiiita. 
 Kasta. 
 Lolor. 
 UdktL 
 
 Rumiirumani, 
 Toggayi. 
 Gechem. 
 Vuduku. 
 Joru, tapta. 
 
 Veyya. 
 
 Stita, kaivulla, veppamdna. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Chtita. 
 
 Vedi, uduku. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Bisi, 
 
 Sekhe. 
 
 Bekkel. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kdsti 
 
 U'ri. 
 
 Uri, bisse. 
 
 Bisse. 
 
 Kdja. 
 
 Siidu, 
 
 U'sne, 
 
 '111, 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] LONG— LANG— LON G (of a Thing)— dolgy—longus. 
 
 179 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■•g (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 fes 
 
 } 
 
 ■Si 
 
 I 
 
 
 E^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gyitmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochd, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written) 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Silnwdr, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 Mtirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 New^ir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 N^chhereng, 
 Wiling, . ■ 
 Y£kha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bihingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BiMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Diimi, . . 
 Kh^ling, . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 D^hi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrlmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Dirgha. 
 Tdwi/. 
 
 Luze. 
 Pitka. 
 Hosszu. 
 Uzoen. 
 Kakha. 
 Gridzali. 
 Urtu. 
 Gnlmin. 
 Dawa. 
 Panjang. 
 Panjang. 
 
 Ch'ang. 
 Ch'ang. 
 Ch'eong. 
 
 Tng 
 Nagai. 
 
 Gwand. 
 
 Thdngti. 
 
 Kasri. 
 
 Ringho. 
 
 S/idshd. 
 
 Drith'A: 
 
 U'r thiH. 
 
 Kachi. 
 
 Ringpo. 
 
 Rimbo. 
 
 Rimbo. 
 
 Joso. 
 
 Rhimba. 
 
 Rengba. 
 
 Lotcho. 
 
 Ifrimba. 
 
 Ldmo. 
 
 Taha, take. 
 
 Kemba. 
 
 Kile. 
 
 Akibang, amyetpang, metta, 
 KemeKno. 
 Pd'ipa, repa. 
 Badhemet, rhinbo. 
 Kena. 
 
 Hilibo, yotihicho. 
 Wadbhdipa, 
 Dhytipa. 
 Jhoiba. 
 Keye, kibe. 
 Keyuk, keyuKkha. 
 Kepa. 
 Mdipa. 
 Songpa. 
 Song'fia. 
 Ki, kichago^ makigachie.^ 
 
 Ldmo. 
 
 Ldmo. 
 
 Tdhdgu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 KHvo, alhok. 
 
 Phlnta. 
 
 Ldmo. 
 
 Hwang gai. 
 
 Lambd. 
 
 Arhettf rheftbo. 
 Rimbii. 
 
 ■I 
 
 a 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl,' . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Vi.ich.in, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Nilgd, 
 Khtiri N.igd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsiing Nrig.-i, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman (■written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, ... 
 Mni v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 h 
 
 .a 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 Pwo-lcarcn, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 • Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, 
 Bhilraij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Ku'rumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Galou. 
 
 Rhinkd. 
 
 Ldmba. 
 
 Pillo. 
 
 Gojo. 
 
 Ashangba. 
 Lo. 
 La7i. 
 Tilliaun. 
 Josii. 
 A'lo. 
 Talaiig. 
 Ldngkolo. 
 JBaddolo. 
 Aidrd.dk. 
 Ltd. 
 Gdlu. 
 
 Rhin. 
 
 She, shakthi. 
 
 Sou. 
 
 Sd. 
 
 Asouk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kalcin. 
 'Taw. 
 ' f,aii. 
 ITto. 
 Young. 
 Dai. 
 
 Young, ydu. 
 Lejau. 
 Ydu. 
 Ydu. 
 
 Jilling. 
 Jilling. 
 Jeleng, jhaila. 
 Baroa, jilling. 
 Digha. 
 filing. 
 Digaro. 
 Lamba, leior. 
 Caret. 
 Leior. 
 Podam. 
 Pudam. 
 Lakhu, lati. 
 Caret. 
 Giling. 
 Wasara. 
 Lambdjdmtt. 
 Jelo. 
 Tiyydr. 
 
 Vasaram, aragam. 
 Vuncho, namotd. 
 
 Niliya. 
 
 Ninda, nedu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ninda. 
 
 Nidupu, po4ugu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Udda. 
 
 Udda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nirigiti. 
 
 Uddame. 
 
 Udda. 
 
 Udda. 
 
 Uddya. 
 
 Nedia ninda. 
 
 Diga. 
 
i8o 
 
 CRU— ROH— RAW (Green)— SUIROI—CRUDUS. [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 "& 
 
 <; 
 
 Types. 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 S 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 t 
 
 Gydmi, . . 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 Tiikpa, . . , 
 Mdnyak, . . , 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . , , 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {wriitcn), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, ... 
 
 Siinwdr, . 
 
 Giining, . . 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thiiksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . , 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, 
 
 IS 
 
 I 
 
 S^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . . . 
 Riingchenbiing, . 
 
 Chliingtdngya, . 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 Wdling, . . . 
 
 Ydkha, . . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . . 
 
 Kulungya, . . 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Lohorong, . . 
 
 Lambichhong, . 
 Bdldli, .... 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . 
 
 Dumi, . . . . 
 
 Khdling, . , . 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 Ddrhi, .... 
 
 Denwdr, , . . 
 Pahri, .... 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . . 
 
 Vdyu, , . , . 
 
 Kiiswar, , , . 
 
 KusLinda, . . . 
 
 Thdru,. . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa. 
 
 A'ma, apakva. 
 Fajj. 
 
 Gordin, gordiil. 
 
 Uiisi. 
 
 Azores. 
 
 Khavi. 
 
 Tzinney. 
 
 Medli. 
 
 Tohilkei. 
 
 Magdakha-akho. 
 
 Mhitah. 
 
 Maitali. 
 
 MantaJi. 
 
 Sang. 
 
 Shang. 
 
 Shang. 
 
 SAng, vch-zo/t. 
 
 Chin. 
 
 Naina. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Myuphu. 
 
 Makasindn. 
 
 Machoso. 
 
 Demdmi. 
 
 Amiii. 
 
 Chhikilie. 
 
 Ninndli'imsi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Zyembo. 
 
 Zyenha. 
 
 Cheri pla. 
 
 A'miva. 
 
 Chinga. 
 
 Mibil. 
 
 A'tehebd. 
 
 Kdcho. 
 
 Kachi. 
 
 Kiilclda. 
 
 U'chiva. 
 Mo, ummo. 
 
 Woindng, iiindng. 
 
 U iiidiig. 
 Mdpc. 
 
 Uinpdwa. 
 
 Nusumha, 
 
 Krdbo. 
 
 Mai/itiii/ik/uipa, inaiiidiipa. 
 
 Uchdkhli. 
 
 AcheMUi. 
 
 Menttimpa, mdkampa. 
 
 Hingli, hingli-kha. 
 
 Afdttepti. 
 
 Maiidi'i, inaiisetndchi. 
 
 U'si'/ta. 
 
 U'snta. 
 
 Uinindiig, 
 
 Kdcho. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kazhignhina. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pon. 
 
 Chalamo, 
 
 Kdcho. 
 
 Ben. 
 
 Kdcha. 
 
 Azeu, zeubo. 
 Mdchobo. 
 
 So 
 I 
 
 go 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . , 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, , 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 Burman {written], 
 Burman [spolien), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, , . . 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thii, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhumij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . , 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, 
 
 Malaydjma, mod 
 
 Telugii, . . 
 Karndtaka, mic, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 
 Tuluva, , . 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 
 Toda, ]" . 
 
 K6ta, . . . 
 
 13adaga, , . 
 Kurumba, 
 
 Iruia, . . . 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Gaihdng. 
 Sinkhd. 
 
 Kdchha, kancha. 
 Piting. 
 Gotung. 
 
 Asungba. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tachim. 
 
 Memo, 
 
 A'hing. 
 
 Mdtok, tazzu. 
 
 Tdi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Leda. 
 
 Pijo. 
 
 Ketsing. 
 
 Chim. 
 
 Seing, tsenthi. 
 
 Tein. 
 
 Kds'hi. 
 
 Kdnghei. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Tsentsangeet. 
 
 Thi'Usdi, atsi. 
 
 Athaing. 
 
 Tathit. 
 
 Chyo. 
 
 Song. 
 
 Dip, chyo. 
 
 Lip. 
 
 Nip. 
 
 Dip, 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Baral. 
 
 A'sdra, kdsd, gdddr. 
 
 Baral. 
 
 K/iena, arha. 
 
 Beral. 
 
 Kene. 
 
 Kachchomanda, hivwo, kai. 
 
 Kdi. 
 
 Kacho. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keik. 
 
 Kodiikela, kaiar, kai. 
 
 Kdyd. 
 
 Kdch. 
 
 Kai. 
 
 Saddde. 
 
 Amegna. 
 
 Brolukd. 
 
 Pasuru. 
 
 Kancho, kdchotd. 
 
 Pozhdda, 
 
 Pachchei, kdy. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pachcha, 
 
 Pachchi, kdya. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Hasi, kdydda. 
 
 Paje, 
 
 Pachche. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Paji. 
 
 Paje, 
 
 Ildsc, 
 
 Ildsu. 
 
 Paje. 
 
 Pachei, 
 
 Amu. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 ROUGE— ROTH— RED— KRASNY—RUFUS. 
 
 I«l 
 
 ■&. 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 
 t 
 ^ 
 
 S 
 
 65 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, , 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 Tcikpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 Thochu, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {ivrittm). 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Gurung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiiksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 New^r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourd,sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdWli, . . 
 
 Siing-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungm^i, 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepitng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Rakta, lohila, rohita, 
 Ahmar, 
 
 Gorri. 
 
 Veres. 
 Kizil. 
 Tlishi. 
 Tsitheli. 
 Ulagan. 
 Fiilffiyan. 
 Habang. 
 Habrit. 
 Mcrah. 
 
 Hung. 
 Hung. 
 Hung. 
 Hung. 
 
 Akai. 
 
 Khisun. 
 
 Khongdi. 
 
 Kave/ni. 
 
 Leu. 
 
 Daiii. 
 
 Shidzi. 
 
 Uldn. 
 
 Gingi. 
 
 %iniLikpo. 
 
 Mdrpo. 
 
 Morpo. 
 Lala. 
 Wolkya, 
 Bdla. 
 Gydcho. 
 Wald. 
 Rdto. 
 Hyoun. 
 X4hella. 
 
 Hdld Idwd. 
 Hipaldma. 
 
 Halald-mang, hala-chakma. 
 Halachekma. 
 Halaldpa. 
 
 Hdrchhokma, halachakchak. 
 Phdna. 
 Lakachinia. 
 Halaldpa. 
 Ldldm. 
 Ldldm. 
 
 Har'rd, -chia^ -miha.'^ 
 Wdrawdba. 
 Haldpa. 
 Halaldpa. 
 Haldla. 
 Haldldm. 
 Harchhop'chlio. 
 
 RaMaro. 
 
 Raktaro. 
 
 Sidhagu. 
 
 Diito. 
 
 Phdya. 
 
 Langchingmi. 
 
 Pilla. 
 
 Bdnubd. 
 
 Ldl 
 
 A'heur. 
 Mdbo. 
 
 a? 
 
 .te 
 ■a 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mlthdn Ndgi, 
 Tablung N:IgA, 
 Khiri Niigd, . 
 Angdmi NAgd., 
 Ndmsdng Nflgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd,, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman [wi-ium], 
 Burman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, ... 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-lcaren, . 
 
 Pwokarcn, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamij, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Ini]a, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese,. 
 
 Gajd, s,atchd. 
 
 Vkdjika. 
 
 LAI. 
 
 Pisak. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Angangba. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tamiirain. 
 
 Mri. 
 
 Achak. 
 
 Maram. 
 
 Malamla. 
 
 Yalung. 
 Lilddk. 
 Sam. 
 IChyeng, 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Ni, nithi. 
 
 Sen. 
 
 E. 
 
 Kanlein. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hpakit. 
 
 Ghaw, ?v///. 
 
 ]Vauh. ' 
 
 Tdnya. 
 
 Len. 
 
 Do. 
 
 Tai, deng. 
 
 Deng. 
 
 Neng. 
 
 De?tg, kam. 
 
 Arra. 
 Hessi'i drd. 
 A'rdh, sindur, jarang- 
 Bararanga. 
 LChenso. 
 Arrah. 
 ICeso. 
 Lai. 
 Bulal. 
 Sundi. 
 Yerodi. 
 Yerrodi. 
 
 Netrali, rciigal, pekieli. 
 Lai. 
 Ratta. 
 Ycrpu. 
 Geri'i. 
 Soyipu. 
 Bei'aidjittu. 
 Yarradckird. 
 Goriya, gorinta. 
 
 Seyya. 
 
 Sivanda, sivappu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chuvanna. 
 
 Erra, yerupu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kempu. 
 
 Kempu. 
 
 Chondad. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kebbu. 
 
 I'Cembu. 
 
 Kebbu. 
 
 I'Cempu. 
 
 Jevve. 
 
 Sivantlia. 
 
 Ratu. 
 
 jarang, garla 
 . (pu'-ple). 
 
l82 
 
 MUR-REIF— RIPE— ZRYELY— MATURUS. 
 
 [chap, v. — ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Types. 
 ■S (Sanskrit, 
 
 4 JARABIC, 
 
 Bask, . 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Magyar, 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gy^rung, 
 T£kpa, 
 Minyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan {written) 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Gurung, 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pikhya, 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 Rungchenbiing, 
 Chhingtd,ngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Biliili, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Dumi, . 
 Khdling, 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . 
 Denwdr, 
 Pahri, . 
 Chepdng, 
 Bhrdmu, 
 Vdyu, . 
 Kuswar, 
 Kusunda, 
 Thdru, . 
 
 Lcpcha (Sikkim), 
 BhiUdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Fakva. 
 Mustawi. 
 
 Eldii, zori, sasoitu, humo. 
 
 Kypsi. 
 
 E'rett. 
 
 Olmvs/t, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bolbason. 
 
 Magdakha. 
 
 Mathig. 
 
 Mathig. 
 
 Masak. 
 
 Shuh. 
 
 Shu. 
 
 Sfuik. 
 
 Zoh. 
 
 Sek. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Phuti. 
 
 Kasmdn. 
 
 Choso. 
 
 Denii. 
 
 An, t/iin. 
 
 Bdkhheii, 
 
 Nuluntsi. 
 
 Sminbo. 
 
 Chetnbo. 
 
 Chobo. 
 
 Miso. 
 
 Miva. 
 
 Minba. 
 
 Mincho. 
 
 Tydhejiba. 
 
 Pdko. 
 
 Nhingu. 
 
 Ki'tsongva. 
 
 Dan va, 
 
 Tupsako, niattdkonva. 
 
 Tumawo. 
 
 Uthubdi. 
 
 Du 7mlk. 
 
 Siimsa, tiipsa bhangsa. 
 
 Usdha, tiipsdha. 
 
 Thiclw. 
 
 Tumkluipa, di'ipa. 
 
 T/iikta, t/wkta. 
 
 Ming'ta, jita, mimba, jiba. 
 
 Dumenipa, tumempa. 
 
 T/myuytikha, thuyu. 
 
 Tihndp, tumpa. 
 
 Setndchi, timiako, di'iwako. 
 
 Mis'te. 
 
 Dhaiiipa. 
 
 Tttm'sd, tunisachie,^ 
 
 Pdko. ^ 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bvgii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kilning. 
 
 Minmo. 
 
 Pdko. 
 
 Pakog. 
 
 Pdkal. 
 
 A my en, inyenbo. 
 Clwchopo. 
 
 f 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 g 
 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 Kiimi, .... 
 Mru v. Toung, . 
 Sdk 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 Shdn, . , . . • 
 Annamitic, . . 
 Siamese, . . . 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos, .... 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhumij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, .... 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 Riitluk, . . . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . . . 
 Mddi, .... 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 Khond, , . , 
 Sdvara, . . , 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 ' Tamil, ^"c., . . 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Inila, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Gamang. 
 
 Minkd. 
 
 Pakka. 
 
 Papman. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Amunba. 
 Jum. 
 Yim. 
 Tenhing. 
 Me. 
 
 A'chum. 
 Tdman. 
 Tdman. 
 Mindo. 
 Minda. 
 Munoin. 
 Min. 
 
 Mhin, rang. 
 Mhe, yen, mhaithi. 
 Mhin. 
 Min. 
 Mhun. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Tu. 
 
 Me, amhi. 
 
 Amaing. 
 
 Hma. 
 
 Ahtsot. 
 
 Shin. 
 
 Silk, wen. 
 
 Rung, suk. 
 
 Suk. 
 
 Silk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Biriena. 
 
 Bele, pdkat. 
 
 I/isinjanna. 
 
 Panja. 
 
 Bilia. 
 
 Panjeke. 
 
 Putd, pandatdl. 
 
 Pandatd. 
 
 Pandi. 
 
 Pandit in. 
 
 Pannu. 
 
 Mititd, pandi. 
 
 Padale. 
 
 Biliye. 
 
 Pala, pagdu. 
 
 Mrdnutangi sendijaninju. 
 
 Agi'inmate. 
 
 Mdgegisd, bullo. 
 
 Mdgisii, pandisu. 
 
 Mugild, pakkd. 
 
 Kaninda. 
 
 Pazhutta (paluttd). 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pazhutta (palutia). 
 
 Mdgina, pandti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mdgida. 
 
 Paranda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Idunu. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVKS.] 
 
 ROND— RUND— ROUND-KRUGLY— ROTUNDUS. 
 
 183 
 
 Types. 
 
 -J 
 
 ■ Bodo, . , , . 
 
 , . Diillt'ttni, tolotni, 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit Varituia, goldkdra, 
 
 1 
 ft; 
 
 Dhimdl, . , . 
 Kocch. 
 
 . . Gurmakd, gotaka^ 
 , , Gol, 
 
 <| (Arabic, , 
 
 
 . . 
 
 . Miidawwar. \chakrdkdra, 
 
 ti 
 
 Garo, . . , , 
 
 , , Goglot-ni. 
 
 s 
 
 Bask, . , 
 
 
 . , 
 
 , Boill, biribill. 
 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 1 ^ 
 
 Ympyriainen. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 . 
 
 . Kevek. 
 
 •Ni' 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgci . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s» 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 Deghirmi. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Nig^i, . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 'I 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 . Khurahi. 
 
 1 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 Meketang. 
 
 1 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 , , 
 
 Rekwali. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angimi Ndgil, . 
 
 . Khruhi. 
 
 t 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 , 
 
 Bugarbnggui. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Nilmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 . A'ttim, 
 
 C 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 , Mugheliye., 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 . Tarang, 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 , Sunder. 
 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 , Litilkpu, 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Bunder., 
 
 « 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 BMat. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 . A'tumddk. 
 
 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 
 Tuinoru. 
 
 
 Chinese, JNankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Yuen. 
 Yuen. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 , Dindin. 
 
 «* 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 tin. 
 
 •^ 
 
 ' Burman (im-itkn), 
 
 Lun. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Yiin, 
 
 K 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 T^ong, lull, lonthi, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese. . . . 
 
 Pn. 
 
 Maptii. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kcimi, .... 
 
 . PiWi. ' 
 . Pi'dun. 
 
 •s -^ ' 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 
 Carets 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . 
 Sdk . . 
 
 , Caret. 
 , Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gyami, 
 
 
 
 Eangdi, ydngdi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 OillV, .... 
 
 T'^J J 
 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdldrlar. 
 
 
 ' 1 alain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Alia toung, 
 
 
 Titlcpa, 
 
 
 
 Birhi. 
 
 g 
 
 Sgau-karcn, . . . 
 
 Card. 
 
 MAnyak, . 
 
 
 
 Wdff-wah. 
 
 'S 
 
 I'vvo-karcn, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thochii, . 
 
 
 
 Ashyara. 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 lunglung, 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan (writt 
 
 -«). 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Lolo. 
 
 Zlumpo. 
 
 h 
 
 1 
 
 to 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . , 
 
 . Mon. 
 . Tron. 
 , Htsi, klom, 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 • 
 
 Riri. 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 Klom, pdn. 
 Mon. 
 
 
 Serpa, . . , 
 
 1 
 
 Girma. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 . Koin. 
 
 ■a 
 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miinni, 
 
 
 t 
 
 Phal-dong, 
 Rilto. 
 
 
 r Ho (Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), , 
 Santdli, . . . . 
 
 . Goia (got a ?), 
 
 Diiiguri'igia. \_pdkdd (adv 
 Guldnta, right (noun), 
 
 1' 
 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, , 
 
 
 
 Dallo. 
 
 Bhumriba, ghighirbd. 
 
 
 Bhilmij, . . . . 
 Urdon, 
 
 Goldiidia, gotagia. 
 Golgol. 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 Dallo, bdiulo, 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 . Gotd. 
 
 1^ 
 
 New^r, 
 
 
 
 Gogti, gogu. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 . Gole. 
 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 Kiigakma, 
 
 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 Gola, gol, 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 
 Aubo. 
 
 
 Gayeti,' . . . 
 
 . Wdtardl, 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 Bilpliingmd. 
 
 
 Rutiuk, , , . , 
 
 , Caret, 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 Boptitiwo, hopiriri, hitriri. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . . 
 
 Natore. 
 
 
 Chhingtingya, 
 
 
 Kalabok'bo, 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . . 
 
 Gundu. 
 
 1 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wiling, . 
 Yikha, . 
 
 
 
 U'mkoldu, pA^iilpa, 
 Kalabokbok. 
 Kdkliktikara, pukpMna. 
 
 c 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Mddia,. . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Gomma. 
 . . Gula. 
 . Gol. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 Khitiriri, dola. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 Gundra. 
 
 t 
 f' 
 
 Kulungya, . 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Ji.mjumpa, p^lptilpa, 
 
 Fipiilma. 
 
 Puputme. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, . . . . 
 Gadaba, , , , , 
 
 Caret. 
 , Gudi, soldgundu, 
 Biregundu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Pumpumma, pumpumye. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . , . . 
 
 Gundu. 
 
 ■{3 
 
 s 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 Kdk'liklikkha. 
 
 
 _ Chentsu, . . . , 
 
 Chatan, gotyati. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Puklukluk. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 Servdna. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Phuphul'ko, pupiil'lip. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 Tiranda, urandaydna, 
 
 
 Dilmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Puputinu, 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 . Caret.' 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Papal'ma, 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 Urunda. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, , 
 
 
 
 Umpop. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 Gundu, gundrani, 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Karnitaka, anc, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ■^j 
 
 Dirhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dallo. 
 
 •S 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 Gundu. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 DUmro, 
 
 "s 
 
 Tuluva, . , . 
 
 Urutiu. 
 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Clieping, . . 
 
 
 
 Gondgu. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 Toduva, ) . . 
 Toda, J . . 
 Kdta, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 , Caret. 
 
 1 . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 
 Dallo, 
 
 1 
 
 Caret, 
 
 f^ 
 
 Viyu, . . 
 
 
 
 KiclMl, 
 
 t^ 
 
 . Mudde, 
 
 § 
 
 ' Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 Dallo. 
 
 
 Badaga, . . , 
 K-Urumba. 
 
 , Urutu. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 
 Dallo, manggni. 
 
 
 Urute, 
 
 ft; 
 
 Thdm, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dhela, gola. 
 
 
 Irula, .... 
 
 . Rutie. 
 
 Lcnclia CSikkim), . 
 
 Rcr-rcrbo. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 Vailippii. 
 
 
 Bhi'ililni V. Lli 
 
 op 
 
 1, . . 
 
 Goji/o ycupo. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 . . IVata, giili. 
 
1 84 
 
 PETIT— KLEIN— SHORT (oF A Man)-KOROTKY— PARVUS. [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 K 
 h 
 
 Types, 
 ■\ (Sanskrit, 
 
 <!, (AUABIC, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 "& Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 f Chinese, Nankin, 
 „-^ Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochu, 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 ^ Tibetan [spoken], 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Sunwdr, . 
 Gdrung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 'S ■! Magar, 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . , 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . , 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 r Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Palu-i, . , 
 Chc]5dng, . 
 ]3hrdnui, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 
 etchige. 
 
 Hraswa, alpatanu, kslmd- 
 Kasir. \ratanii. 
 
 Chiki, tipi. 
 
 Waha. 
 
 Rovid. 
 
 Kiss ah. 
 
 Kehtshey. 
 
 MoMi. 
 
 Odoi. 
 
 Osohun. 
 
 Chilik. 
 
 Halit. 
 
 Pendek. 
 
 Twan, yai. 
 
 Twan, ai. 
 
 Ai. 
 
 Trnkiih, dhisz'. 
 
 Oe. 
 
 Set no hi kui hito. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Titi. 
 
 Kachin. 
 
 Zugthung. 
 
 Dridrd. 
 
 YJhdtha. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gdde. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mdbo. 
 
 Mdrno. 
 
 Hocho. 
 
 Cheunbo, 
 
 Meba. 
 
 Temcho. 
 
 Putulii. 
 
 Hocho. 
 
 Chigdhi, bdgo, chikidhi. 
 
 Tdngba. 
 
 Simtd. 
 
 Inang-kile, pa-kile. 
 
 Simta, simyang. 
 
 Unno. 
 
 Yeterepia, yetehhaipa. 
 
 Duiyaiig. 
 
 Lukli'ikna. 
 
 A'rocho, arobo. 
 
 Chireppa. 
 
 Dokhonyepa. 
 
 Dydkholdba, dekholdba. 
 
 Taksye, minilmit, in{Mmi. 
 
 Wiinyuli kha, wanyttk. 
 
 Tdk'sip'. 
 
 Uttuchheripiko. 
 
 Tibichyom. 
 
 Dokhdisongpa. 
 
 Tungo. 
 
 Nanar. 
 
 ITocho. 
 
 KIwso, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Anyak. 
 
 Thothi. 
 
 Hocho, 
 
 Poktok. 
 
 Nicha. 
 
 Amaii, maubo. 
 Mhdmtcn, mhonr. 
 
 
 ft; 
 
 s 
 
 h 
 
 h 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Gahai. 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Bdngrakd. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Choto. 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Bandok, 
 
 Kdchdri, : . . . . 
 
 Mudai, 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . . 
 
 2ek. 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . , . . 
 
 Orejute, 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Kharuo. 
 
 Ndrasdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Amienpa. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tatsii. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, , . . 
 
 A'nangld. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Adedi. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . , 
 
 A'nduddk. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . , 
 
 Patigaini. 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Kiitun. 
 
 ■ Burman [written], 
 
 Nim. 
 
 Burman [spoken], , . 
 
 Neing, pitthi. 
 
 Khyeng v, Shou, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Doi. 
 
 Kilrai, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mni v. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Kiua. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Pu, aphu. 
 
 Pwo-karen, , . , 
 
 Pu. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Pu. 
 
 Shdn 
 
 Pauk. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 No. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Ti, tam-boa. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Tarn. 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 . Tarn. 
 
 Laos, 
 
 . Tarn. 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 . Imiting. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Hessu imitingia. 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 . Khato, gdnthid, hmgja 
 
 Bhdmij, 
 
 
 Badahdngarba. [(stooping 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 . NatM. 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 
 Hiding. 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 
 . Chdpo. 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 Chundiirmanda. 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 , Caret 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 Doyina. 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 . Potte. 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 , ArduUd 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 
 , Khatoti. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 , . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 . Kuriya. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . 
 
 Kuriya, kuUa. 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 . Poiii. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 . Caret 
 
 Kariidtaka, mod,, . 
 
 Gidda, kiini. 
 
 Tuluva, .... 
 
 , Caret. 
 
 i^^urgi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Toda, ]■ . . , 
 
 , Kullol. 
 
 Ktiruda inoch. 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 . Mod die. 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Moneava. 
 
 KurumlDa, . . . 
 
 Kiile ahi. 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Ktile manisha. 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 . Kullan. 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 , 
 
 , Miti. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES,] 
 
 COURT— KURZ— SHORT (of a Thing)— korotky—curtus. 
 
 :85 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ JSanskrit, 
 ■^ (Arabic, . 
 
 ■ Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 I \ Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Kraina, 
 Malay, ... 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, .Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 Gydmi, . . 
 
 K Gydrung, . . 
 
 h T:ikpti, • ■ 
 ^ Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Tibetan [spoken], 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sunwdr, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 § ■! Magar, . . 
 
 ' Thdksya, . . 
 
 P^khya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 I 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 N^chhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Y^kha, . 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bihingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Kh^ling, _ . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 fDdrhi, . . 
 Denwiir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Th^ru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa,' 
 
 Hraswa, alpa, kslmdra. 
 Kasir, kalil. 
 
 Labur, escas. 
 
 Lyhyt. 
 
 Rovid. 
 
 Kisseh. 
 
 Kelitshey. 
 
 Mokli. 
 
 Akhor. 
 
 Hafiralmn. 
 
 Chendak. 
 
 Chendak. 
 
 Singkat. 
 
 Twan. 
 
 Tivan. 
 
 Tun. 
 
 Tiift. 
 
 Te.' 
 
 Mishigai. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Thongti. 
 
 Kachan. 
 
 Thongpo. 
 
 Dridrd. 
 
 Wongchitlid. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kalge. 
 
 Thungpo. 
 
 Thundung. 
 
 Thinmo. 
 
 T-Apah, 
 
 RMba. 
 
 Tiimha. 
 
 Tuncho. 
 
 Rimba. 
 
 Chhoto. 
 
 Chihd, chiha. 
 
 Tdngba. 
 
 Diingtd. 
 
 Inang-kile, pdkile. 
 Adimgpang, dungta. 
 Bdunno. 
 
 Yetebaipd, chichhdbaipa. 
 Achimet. 
 Liikliik na. 
 Ahikbo, anisihicho. 
 Chibhdi ipa. 
 Dokhondhyikpa. 
 Dyakhojhoiba, -daasi, i -daa. ^ 
 Taks'ye, tydksu. 
 Wun yuk, wun yiiMkha. 
 Teksip. 
 
 Du'ipa, dwipa. 
 Tibichydm. 
 Dokhdisongpd. 
 Tun, tu7tchie^ matun' gochie."^ 
 
 Choti, 
 
 Khdio. 
 
 P-atihagu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Anyak. 
 
 Mamphinta. 
 
 Choto. 
 
 Poktok. 
 
 Chhot. 
 
 A'tdn, tanbo. 
 Thi'mhi. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ' Bodo, Gi'iclii'iiig. 
 
 Dhim.41, TotokA {notoka 1). 
 
 Kocch, Choto. 
 
 Garo, Bandok. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 . Tele. 
 . Man. 
 . So/i. 
 
 Tiitsizaii. 
 ■ Jii. 
 
 Atun. 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfth<in Ndgd, . 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 Sib.sdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 Burman [written], 
 Burman [spoken], . 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 Tatsil. 
 
 A' nangld. 
 . Adedi. 
 . A'ndiiddk, 
 
 Sutiigai. 
 
 Kiitthi, 
 
 . To. 
 
 7o, totln. 
 Twe. 
 . Doi. 
 
 Kdmi, Do. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . . Caret. 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Kali. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... Pii, aphii. 
 
 I'wo-karen, .... /■'//. 
 
 Toungh-thu, .... Deng. 
 
 Shdn, Tot. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . , Ngdn. 
 
 Siamese, Tsdnn, san. 
 
 Ahom Lot. 
 
 Khdmti, Lot. 
 
 Laos, San, hun. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhura), 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . . 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 Mundala,. . . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . , 
 
 Naikude, , . . 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 Mddi, 
 Mddia, . . . 
 Kuri, . . . , 
 Keikddi, . . , 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 Yerukala, . , . 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 ' Tami], anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 MalaydhTia, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tujuva, . . . 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, ) . . 
 K6ta, .... 
 Badaga, . . . 
 Kurumba, . . 
 Irula, .... 
 Malabar, . . . 
 Sinhalese, . . , 
 
 Dung/ii. 
 Dimguya. 
 Khdto. 
 KAndia. 
 Phi'idd. 
 Hi'tding. 
 Jokka. 
 
 Chundur, chodor. 
 Caret. 
 
 Chudur, abado. 
 Mota. 
 Moda. 
 
 I^ande, daktir. 
 Caret. 
 Kodar. 
 Giddu. 
 Koggdri. 
 Doyina. 
 Bille. 
 Knratsa. 
 Khata. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuriya, kuttaniAiia, kiilla- 
 
 Caret. [ma/ur. 
 
 Kuriya, hint. 
 
 Kurucha, knru, po/ti. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gidda. 
 
 Kuddya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ICurigiti, 
 
 Mone. 
 
 Mone, 
 
 Mone, ki'tle. 
 
 Kiile. 
 
 ICattei, kiirukal^ 
 
 Luhundu, kota.. 
 
 2 A 
 
i86 
 
 PETIT— KLEIN— SMALL— MALY— PARVUS. 
 
 [CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ^ 
 
 (Sanskrit, . . 
 
 < 
 
 (Arabic, . . . 
 
 <; 
 
 
 
 'Bask, .... 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 -5 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 ■g. 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . . 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 t 
 
 <; 
 
 ,5^ 
 
 c<5 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, . . . 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gyirung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thochu, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 Tibetan {wrilten). 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Stinwdr, . . 
 
 Gurung, . . 
 Murmi, 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 Bdlili, . . 
 
 Sing-pdng, 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thiru, . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Alpa, kshudra. 
 
 Saghir. 
 
 Chiki, iipi, mendre, chtime, 
 Wdhd. \nimino. 
 
 Kis. 
 
 Kuchuk, ufak. 
 Bughuzay. 
 Patara. 
 
 Utsho^s;en. 
 
 Osokhon. 
 Cliiyut. 
 Chiyni. 
 Kachil. 
 
 Siaou. 
 
 Hsiaou, 
 
 Sii'i, sai. 
 
 Siau. 
 
 Sol 
 
 Sei no dsi sai hito. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Syouti. 
 Kachhai . 
 Chungbo, pru. 
 Yu. 
 
 Bratsi-tha. 
 Bdgd. 
 Kantma. 
 Chhung, phra. 
 Chun-chung, 
 
 Tippe. 
 The haha, 
 Chi'imba. 
 Jdjd, 
 Mdrcho. 
 Chydngba. 
 Sdnu. 
 
 Chigo, chigu. 
 Chukpa. 
 
 U'chu ydng. 
 Jnangko. 
 V ' chi'ikpdng. 
 Mikhd. 
 A'msikholcho. 
 Aclwkpa. 
 Mih'tia. 
 Yokka. 
 Chisma. 
 Kichem. 
 Kachim. 
 
 Misyuma, inisuppa. 
 Michi-yuk kha, michiyuk. 
 Mepachhd. 
 Tuchheppa. 
 Tibichyom. 
 Tibichem, yaklie. 
 UinclniK pang. 
 
 Ndni. 
 
 Choike. 
 
 Chijagu, chigidhagv. 
 
 Maito, mayo. 
 
 A' mi. 
 
 Choh'mi. 
 
 I'bra. 
 
 Htmgkoi. 
 
 Chhot. 
 
 Ac/dm, chimbo. 
 Chi'mgbo. 
 
 (3 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 . . . Mudii'i. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 . . . Mhoikd. 
 
 ■^ . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 . . . Choto. 
 
 itj 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Pamar. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 . . Gohai. 
 
 
 Munipuri, 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 "S 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 . . . Ahipia. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgi 
 
 I, . . . Sui. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khiri Ndgd, . 
 
 . . . Minghaji. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angimi Ndgd 
 
 , . . . Kanachapo. 
 
 •1 
 
 Niimsdng N£g 
 
 d,. . . A'ring. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndj 
 
 ri, . . Tilala. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Tengsa N£gd, 
 
 . . . Tesu. 
 
 j 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 . . . Angido. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri 
 
 . . . A'meddk. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Deoria Chutij 
 
 I, . . . Suru suroni. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 . . . Katsi. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman {toritt 
 
 -n), . . Nge. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoke 
 
 I), . . . Nge, ngaythi. 
 
 1^' 
 
 Khyeng v. Sh 
 
 ou, . . Ndo. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, . . 
 
 . . . Spl. 
 
 s 
 
 Kiirai, . . 
 
 . . . Athdm. 
 
 -§ 
 
 Mrii V. Toun^ 
 
 r, . . . Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 _ Sik, . . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Talain v. Moi 
 
 \, . . . Dhot. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 . . . Pd. 
 
 
 Shin, . . 
 
 . . . Leikh. 
 
 E^ ' 
 
 Annamitic, 
 
 . . . Be. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 . . . Let; lek, mi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 . . . Noi. 
 
 to 
 
 Khiimti, . 
 
 . . . Lek, on. 
 
 
 Laos, . . 
 
 . . . Lek, noi. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), 
 
 . , . Hi'iding. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 
 um), . . Hurung. 
 
 
 Santili, . 
 
 . . Huring, katih, gdlde, jakdr 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . 
 
 Huringia, kato. 
 
 
 Ur£on, 
 
 Sanka. 
 
 
 Mundala, . 
 
 Huring. 
 
 
 Rd,jmahali, 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 . . . Chudor, loro, pataro. 
 
 .Q 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 . . . Chudor. 
 
 1 
 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 . . . Chudor. 
 
 s 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 . . . Chinnd. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 . . . Chinnam. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . . 
 
 . . . Hudild, icdilo. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 . . . Hudili. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 , . . Sang, sani. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 . . . Chinna. 
 
 
 Khond, . 
 
 . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 . . Sonna. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 . . , Mengen. 
 
 
 Yerukala, , 
 
 . . . Chinnakeruin, siruvdyan. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 . . . IChopati. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc. 
 
 . . . Variddna. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod.. 
 
 . . . Siriya, sinna. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, a 
 
 nc, . . Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, n 
 
 lod., . . Cheriya. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . 
 
 . . . Chinna. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, ar 
 
 ic, . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, m 
 
 od., . . Sarina, chikka. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tuliiva, . 
 
 ICennu. 
 
 fe 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 . . , . Cheriyadii. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 
 . . . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 . . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 . . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 . . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Kufumba, 
 
 . . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Irula, . . 
 
 . . . . Caret. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 . . . , Siria, sinna. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 . . . . Punchi. 
 
CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 AIGRE— SAUER— SOUR-KISLY— ACERDUS. 
 
 187 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 "S 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, . • . . . Amla, s'ukta. 
 
 1. 
 
 % (Arabic, . 
 
 
 • . 
 
 Hdmod, 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 
 Gazi, min, lack, garrach. 
 Hapain. 
 
 fei 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 SavanJH. 
 
 < 
 
 ^0 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 . Ekshi. 
 
 g= 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 Shogho. 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 . Mkave. 
 
 '^ 
 
 1 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 Kutsidd. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 . Dshushughun. 
 
 ■a . 
 s 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 . Hasem. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Hasem. 
 
 g 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 . A'sam. 
 
 1 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 
 Swan. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 b/i 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Sivan. 
 
 . 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Siln. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 . Su. 
 
 » 
 
 >i5 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 . Sng. 
 
 n^ 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 . SuL 
 
 k ■ 
 
 Brahuf, . 
 
 
 
 . Kharen. 
 
 '^ 
 
 :^ 
 
 ' GyAmi, 
 
 
 
 . Ldti. 
 
 ft 
 
 Gycirung, . 
 
 
 
 XikhcMr. 
 
 
 h 
 
 T'd.kpa, 
 
 
 
 KyArpA. 
 
 .S 
 
 k 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 Dacha. 
 
 i 
 
 ■^ , 
 
 Thochii, . 
 
 
 
 Chak. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 
 
 Ammahdlon. 
 
 .5^. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 S g&sgo. 
 
 h 
 
 .s 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 g 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 'Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 . Caret. 
 
 il 
 
 ^ 
 
 Silnwdr, 
 
 
 
 
 Duso. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Gil rung. 
 
 
 
 
 Soba. 
 
 
 .s 
 
 Milrmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 TMpcho. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 
 
 
 ICimbd. 
 
 
 1, 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 
 
 
 A'milo. 
 
 
 t 
 
 New^r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kir^nti, 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 PhaM. 
 Menlim mina. 
 
 S^vo. 
 Siire. 
 
 1 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 Si!m chakwa. 
 
 •^ ■ 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . 
 
 
 Sintd. 
 
 
 •c- 
 
 N^chhereng, . . 
 
 
 Chochdrpa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 
 
 Wiling, . . 
 
 
 
 S'&nta. 
 
 
 f 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Sud, sMa. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chourisya, . 
 
 
 
 Jiircho. 
 
 
 5S 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Jujur. 
 
 
 ?■ 
 
 Thulungya; . 
 
 
 
 Jyurpa. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 Jyiirba, -dadsi;^ -daa?- 
 
 
 Lohorong, . 
 
 
 
 Sin'ta, limni. 
 
 
 J3 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 • 
 
 
 Stiyukha. 
 
 
 
 BiMli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Siftu. 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 CJvtiri. 
 
 
 
 Dilmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 ftigiir. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 
 
 
 fhdr'pa. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Sun; sunchie;^ masun.'' 
 
 
 i^' 
 
 Dirhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Syisye. 
 
 .« 
 
 i 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 Koro. 
 
 1 
 
 1^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Palugu. 
 
 *? 
 
 V 
 
 Cheping, . . 
 
 
 
 Nimlo. 
 
 i ■ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bhrimu, . . 
 
 
 
 Kydso. 
 
 4 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Sokim, sokim. 
 
 s 
 
 Kuswar, , . 
 
 
 
 Ndg&lyo. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 
 
 JDaur tan. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khattd. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . 
 
 Krop. 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. 
 
 Lh 
 
 opa 
 
 I, . . 
 
 Tekpo. 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 DhimJtl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdclidri, . 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ncigd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgci, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Nigd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman [written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pvvo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum^ 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Midi, . . . 
 
 MAdia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikidi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sivara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., , 
 Malayilma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j 
 K6ta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinlialese, . . 
 
 Gap/id, gakhdi, 
 
 Dakkd. 
 
 Titd. 
 
 Phakkd. 
 
 Gokai. 
 
 Asinba. 
 
 Shi. 
 
 Si. 
 
 Tehsan. 
 
 Khye. 
 
 Asi. 
 
 Tdsan. 
 
 Senla. 
 
 Kune. 
 
 Kuddk. 
 
 Sitotoi. 
 
 Khrl. 
 
 Khyin. 
 
 Khyin, khyinthi. 
 
 To. 
 
 Tho. 
 
 Ahto. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hpya. 
 
 Se, tse. 
 
 Tsaing. 
 
 I-Tsya. 
 
 Htsol. 
 
 Skua. 
 
 Som, preo, htso. 
 
 Sum. 
 
 Som. 
 
 Som. 
 
 Jojo. 
 Jojo. 
 
 Mardih, kdsd. 
 Jojo. 
 Tissa. 
 Jojou. 
 Tise. 
 
 ChM manda, savitd. 
 Savitdl. 
 Nagul. 
 Caret. 
 Tirre. 
 
 Wovlta, welta, pu//a. 
 Dhirdhira. 
 Kataye. 
 Pulpu. 
 Trahane. 
 Aragna. 
 Susokd. 
 Pulladikkiri. 
 Ammuto. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pulitta, pulippu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Puli. 
 
 Pullani, pullati. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hull. 
 
 Puii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pilba. 
 
 Piilthati. 
 
 Pulsa. 
 
 Hulli. 
 
 Hulli. 
 
 Pulli. 
 
 Pulippu. 
 
 Ambul. 
 
l88 CARRE— VIERECKIG— SQUARE— CHETUIREUGOLNY— QUAD RATUS. [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 Types. 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 =1, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 S.0 Turkish, , 
 'i Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 f- Mongolian, 
 C Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan (written). 
 Tibetan {sfokm), 
 
 ' Serpa, , . 
 Siinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pikhya, . 
 Newd.r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Ciihingtilngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Yakha, 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 <; 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdniu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusiinda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Chaturasra, chatush-kona. 
 Muralbaa. 
 
 Lauki, lattrki. 
 
 Neljas = kulmainm. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ghyunya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tepker, 
 
 Hoshonglio. 
 
 Pasdgi. 
 
 Pasdgi. 
 
 Barsikusihi. 
 
 Fang. 
 
 Fang. 
 
 Fong. 
 
 Fong. 
 
 L\-kak. 
 
 Shi-kakic. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Pydngdi. 
 
 Zhirdo. 
 
 Tupzhi. 
 
 Drazo. 
 
 Ghzin'i. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Si'ir-zhi. 
 
 Gri'ib-zhi (angles four). 
 
 Thuzi (angles four). 
 
 Tupchl. 
 
 Chdr-pdtya. 
 
 Konapli. 
 
 Ki'mi-pli. 
 
 Chou-khd-nya. 
 
 Bhilirchhowa. 
 
 Chdrapdlo. 
 
 Peki'ingla. 
 
 Kuyok tiive lish. 
 
 Pheb ddba, tea ko?ia, 
 
 Plangpdchimd. 
 
 La-dlu'tnd. 
 
 Chdraiipdtyd. 
 
 Phepheya. 
 
 Layd klu'iktdng. 
 
 Lichina yustik. 
 
 Charkune. 
 
 Lih khongld. 
 
 Khikcrma. 
 
 Lepataye. 
 
 RiMsukye. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Likapdla. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Blidkhyusko. 
 
 Pik'titm. 
 
 Cliarkonya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Peki'tnglagu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chdrpatya. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chdrpatya. 
 
 Chdrapdte. 
 
 Clidrakttnabate. 
 
 Ton kyong phali. 
 Duzhi yeiipo. 
 
 
 I 
 ft; 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, Kondmanbreni. 
 
 Dhimdl, Dia-tMnika (angles four). 
 
 Kocch, Chou-konia. 
 
 Garo, Kond bri ni. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 Munipuri, Caret. 
 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd Caret. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . , Caret. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Caret. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Tangakdku. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Tangik. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Caret. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Caret. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Caret. 
 
 Singpho, Caret. 
 
 Burman {written), . . het/iong. 
 
 Burman (spoken), . . . 'Ledhautig, laihtonknaithi. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . Kyilhi. 
 
 Kdmi Atikimli. 
 
 Kiimi Taki. 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . . Caret. 
 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 h 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, 
 
 Ponkalan. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Sitseng. 
 Pyay. 
 Vuong. 
 
 Siamese, Htsilen. 
 
 Ahom, Caret. 
 
 Khdmti, Caret. 
 
 Laos, Caret. 
 
 Ho (Kol), .... Chepkd. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . UpMiocha. 
 
 Santdli, Girite, murchdute (verbs). 
 
 Bhiimij, Uptinkon. 
 
 Urdon, Chdrkona. 
 
 Mundala, Gotd. 
 
 Rdjmahali, .... Caret. 
 
 Gondi, Ndhtkhunt, charkuntya. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, Khiitul. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, .... Okesarase. 
 
 Mddi, Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Charkutya (eharkuntya 1). 
 
 Keikddi, Choukunta. 
 
 Khond, Tattit. 
 
 Sdvara, OnjimtUalankabagnd, sagnd- 
 
 Gadaba, Duttu. [daku. 
 
 Yerukala, Tsadaram. 
 
 Chentsu, Sadunitia, chakkata. 
 
 'Tamil, anc, , , . . Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod,, , , , . Saduramdna,chatukkamdna. 
 
 ■^ 
 ^ 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod., , 
 I'elugu, .... 
 Karndtaka, anc, . , 
 Karndtaka, mod., . 
 Tujuva, .... 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Tocja, j . , . 
 
 K6ta, 
 
 Baclaga, Jauka. 
 
 KurumlDa, .... Jauka. 
 
 Iruja, Javuka. 
 
 Malabar, Sathurainana. 
 
 _ Sinhalese, Satards. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chaturamdyulja. 
 
 Chadara?nu, ehaukaiiiii. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chauka. 
 
 Chatika. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Satte. 
 
CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 DROIT-GERADE— STRA I GHT-PRYAMOI— RECTUS, 
 
 189 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ (Sanskrit, 
 %, (Arabic, . . 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantsi-iu, . 
 Javanesk, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 ti 
 
 u 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 
 .■&. 
 
 I- 
 
 I 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gyimi, 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tikpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 Thocliu, . 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {mritten), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Milrmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 I 
 S 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbiing, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chour^sya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdWli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Sarala, i^iju, 
 Mustaklm. 
 
 Zuzen, chushen, artez, margo, 
 
 Suora. 
 
 Egyeues. 
 
 Doghru. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Marjeni. 
 
 Bototoi. 
 
 Godokhon. 
 
 Benner. 
 
 Lores. 
 
 Batt'd. 
 
 Plh-chih. 
 
 Pi-cJdh. 
 
 Chik. 
 
 Zah. 
 
 Tit, 
 
 Masugu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tingdi. 
 
 Kakas'to. 
 
 Trdng bo. 
 
 Chii cM. 
 
 Kasth. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kathong. 
 
 Drdnpo. 
 
 Thdngbo. 
 
 Tdngo. 
 
 Shejo. . . 
 
 Kyiin. v « • 
 
 Thdcho. -V,.;..- 
 
 Dhingcho. 
 
 Tananphirphai. 
 
 Tersai. 
 
 Tapyong. 
 
 Tondo. 
 
 U' di!iiigtwongtong. 
 Sojho. 
 Sojho. 
 Chdngno. 
 Sejho. 
 Sejho. 
 Sojho. 
 Sojho. 
 Twdipa. 
 Jongpa. 
 Dyom'ba. 
 Lungkt'cye, chengye. 
 Sort, sorikha. 
 Liingku. 
 Toh'no. 
 Danta. 
 Dhvaipa. 
 Chdng. 
 
 Sojho. 
 
 Solar. 
 
 Tipyungguhma. 
 
 Dhimto. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chengchengmo. 
 
 Sojho. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sojh. 
 
 Ndng. 
 Thdngbo 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 1*^ 
 
 h 
 
 g 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . , 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, . . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndm.sdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {wntten), 
 Burman [spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kilmi, . . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum^ 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 Kolami, . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, ^"'^•i ■ 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva, ■) 
 Toqla, I . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 ), 
 
 Thi'uigji'tng, gothoHg. 
 
 Ghenkd. 
 
 Sidhd. 
 
 Preiig den. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chume. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mathnnjau. 
 
 Thekhd. 
 
 A'ting. 
 
 Turn lit II tn. 
 
 Matiingkolo. 
 
 Piindu. 
 
 Guyokdak. 
 
 Pane. 
 
 Preiig. 
 
 Phrotig. 
 
 Phyawig, Jipaiitigth'i. 
 
 Kli'in. 
 
 To. 
 
 Tau. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Toiik. 
 
 Lo, Mir. 
 
 Laiiiig. 
 
 Tsone. 
 
 Tsi'i. 
 
 Ngay. 
 
 Trong, sii, htso. 
 
 U'. 
 
 Nan. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 MM. 
 
 Sajhete (verb). 
 Biigisaj. 
 Ujgo. 
 Sojhia. 
 Jdkro. 
 
 Tu/ivd, sarko. 
 Kasnu. 
 Kasum. 
 Dadapad. 
 Andidadam. 
 Kasuiui, kasomue. 
 Soj. 
 Kord. 
 Sukdgd. 
 Soddemanne. 
 Baridako. 
 Lakodnttu. 
 Sadunn. 
 Soj-ichhaiyye, sorikardliache. 
 
 Ozhnngdna. 
 
 Nerdiui. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nere, chovve. 
 
 Sariggd-tinde, chakkagd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sariydda, nettage. 
 
 Sarta. 
 
 Nere. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hasia, neitu. 
 
 Nettage. 
 
 Nettage. 
 
 Neite. 
 
 Nere. 
 
 Kelin. 
 
I go 
 
 DOUX—SiJSS— SWEET— SLADKY—DULCIS. 
 
 [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■.5 
 
 Sanskrit, 
 Arabic, . 
 
 
 "i 
 
 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 ^i) 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 s; 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 c*. 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 _ Malay, . 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 G 
 
 <; 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gy^mi, 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (writieu), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . 
 Sdnwir, 
 Giirung, 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newir, 
 _ Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . , 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, , 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 fDdrhi, . , 
 Denwdr, , 
 Pahri, . , 
 Chepdng, , 
 Bhrdmu, , 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, , 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Sivddu, madhura. 
 
 Gozo, ezti. 
 
 Makia. 
 
 Edes. 
 
 Tatlii. 
 
 Ezshu, ezrey. 
 
 Tkbili. 
 
 Amddi. 
 
 Tchatitclmhun. 
 
 Legi. 
 
 Legi. 
 
 Mdnis. 
 
 Tien. 
 
 T'ien. 
 
 Tim. 
 
 Tieu. 
 
 Tilt. 
 
 Amai. 
 
 Hanen. 
 
 Sydtigdi. 
 
 Kamgnaf . 
 
 Nyokpa. 
 
 Debi. 
 
 Jam. 
 
 Amthethe. 
 
 Thi'dhu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gndrmo. 
 
 Gnormo. 
 Jiji. 
 Gndba. 
 Kekeba. 
 Jyticho. 
 Koghibd. 
 Giiliyo. 
 Chaki'i. 
 Kelimba. 
 
 Lemko. 
 
 Lam chlio, inalye. 
 
 Lemko, leincld. 
 
 Lem'no. 
 
 Lemda. 
 
 Lem, lemya. 
 
 Limha. 
 
 Jijiliicho. 
 
 Leina. 
 
 Jijin. 
 
 Jijim ; -daasi;^ -dad.''- 
 
 Lini-pa, limte. 
 
 Limyukha, kmyi't. 
 
 Lim. 
 
 Limi. 
 
 Lem. 
 
 Lcinpd. 
 
 Lem, lent clue ;^ malci/i.'^ 
 
 Cure. 
 
 Gi'iryo. 
 
 C/idggu. 
 
 Nimto. 
 
 Kyosyd. 
 
 Chinjimo. 
 
 Gulyo. 
 
 A'hdl. 
 
 Mithd. 
 
 Akliam, kliambo, 
 Gndmo. 
 
 % 
 
 Bodo 
 
 Gadol 
 
 5 
 
 Dhimdl, . . . . 
 
 . Tddka. 
 
 ■^ , 
 
 Kocch, . . . . 
 
 . Mitha. 
 
 Iti 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Shamd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . . 
 
 . Godai. 
 
 
 Munipuri, . . . 
 
 . AtMmba. 
 
 "^^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 . . Ti. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Urang. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Miang, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Che. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 . A'iii. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tdnang. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Tdnang. 
 
 i!; 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 . Tido. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . Tiddk. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Jiri. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 . Did. 
 
 
 ' Burman [lariikn). 
 
 . Khyo. 
 
 £ 
 
 Burnian (spoken), . . 
 
 . JOiyo, chyathi. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 . Ti'd. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 . Tii. 
 
 R 
 
 Kilmi, 
 
 . Tui. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 ^Sdk, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 ' Talain y. Mon, . . 
 
 . Tat, 
 
 E^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 . Sir, tser. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 . Tsung. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 . Neu. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Shdn, ._ . . . . 
 
 . Tron. 
 
 s • 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 . Ngot. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . . 
 
 . Wdn. 
 
 1 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 . Oi. 
 
 io 
 
 Khdmti, . . . . 
 
 . Wdn. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 . Wdn. 
 
 
 •Ho(Kol), . . • 
 
 . Ibilla. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 . Sibila. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . . 
 
 Sebel, heng?iem. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . . 
 
 . Sibila. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . . 
 
 . Tini. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . , 
 
 . Sihil. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 . E'mbe. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 . Mingatd, mingtil. 
 
 5j 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 . Mingid. 
 
 'g 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 . Mithomi. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Naikude, . . , 
 
 . Tirre. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 . Send. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Mingta, mirangiil. 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Milgale. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Simel. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 . Tipu. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 . Sendijdninju. 
 
 
 Sdvara, ,. . . 
 
 . Mana. 
 
 
 Gad aba, . . . 
 
 . Sabbulkd. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 Teyyanikkiri. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 . Mithd 
 
 
 Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 Iniya. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 . Tittitta, tittippu. 
 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 Sivddidla. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 Tiyyani, tipu. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 . . S'l. 
 
 Tiduva, . , . 
 
 . . Tipe. 
 
 S 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kurgi, .... 
 
 Maniat. 
 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toc'la, ) . . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 . . Dijati. 
 
 ^i 
 
 Kdta, .... 
 
 . . Se. 
 
 
 Badaga, . . . 
 
 . . Si. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . 
 
 . . Si. 
 
 
 Irula, .... 
 
 . . Ruse. 
 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 . . Inippu. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . . 
 
 . . Mihiri. 
 
CHAl'. v.— ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 GRAND— LANG— TALL (oF A Man)—VUISOI<Y— PROCERUS. 
 
 191 
 
 
 ■ft. 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 '^ 
 
 It, 
 
 I 
 
 2 L 
 
 Types. 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Magyar, 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 Gyirung, 
 Tilkpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochii, 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Sdnwdr, 
 Giirung, 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thiksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtingya, 
 
 N^chhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 B£Mli, . . 
 
 S^ng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 _ Dungmdli, 
 
 f Diirhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda,'. 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Ttihga, uchchadeha. 
 Tdwil. 
 
 Andi, aundi. 
 
 PUka. 
 
 Magas. 
 
 U'zun. 
 
 Kakha. 
 
 Gridzali. 
 
 Ondor. 
 
 Ten. 
 
 Duwur, du/iur. 
 
 Renjong. 
 
 Kdou, cKang. 
 
 Kdou, cHang. 
 
 Kb. 
 
 Dzdng-kuh, dzdng-niang, 
 
 KoAin. \_dzdng-tsz. 
 
 Sei no takai hito. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kouti. 
 
 Kasri. 
 
 Zfigring. 
 
 Hra-hra. 
 
 Brdthd. 
 
 U'ndi'ir. 
 
 Gakhye. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thombo. 
 
 Thenbo. 
 
 Laiso. 
 
 Kuhba. 
 
 Nohba. 
 
 Ghidngcho. 
 
 Bauchhenba. 
 
 A'go. 
 
 Tadhi. 
 
 Kemba. 
 
 Kontd. 
 
 Kile, ruHde. 
 
 Kiyang, kongyang, kwangta. 
 
 Keno. 
 
 Bhdipa, repa. 
 
 Kiydng. 
 
 Kend. 
 
 Robo, rocho. 
 
 Wadreppa. 
 
 Yepa. 
 
 Ldba. 
 
 Keye. 
 
 Keyuk, keyuk'kha. 
 
 Kibyep. 
 
 Ottoripiko. 
 
 Song'pa. 
 
 Song' pa. \bddhememekach i. ^ 
 
 Badhemego, badhemechdgo,^ 
 
 Dhenga. 
 
 Algo. 
 
 Thaso. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Alhok. 
 
 Jongta. 
 
 Algo. 
 
 Fhiyong. 
 
 Uchcha. 
 
 At ho, thobo. 
 Themboi tho. 
 
 ft? 
 
 1 
 ft) 
 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Niigci, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Elhyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . 
 Kilmi, . 
 Mnl V. Toung, 
 _ Sdk, . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 r Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, 
 Naikude, 
 Kolami, 
 Mddi, . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . 
 Keikddi, 
 Khoijd, 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, 
 Yerukala, 
 Chentsu, 
 
 um 
 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod. 
 Malay dlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 Tuluva, 
 Kurgi, . . 
 To(;luva,') 
 Toda, I 
 Kdta, . , 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Imk, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Gajon. 
 
 Dhdngdkd. 
 
 Uccha. 
 
 Pillo. 
 
 Gojo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Choak. 
 
 Tau. 
 
 Orcgii. 
 
 Karkhre. 
 
 Achiiong. 
 
 Taldngka. 
 
 Ldngld. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Aidrddh. 
 
 Suini. 
 
 Tsode. 
 
 Mrang. 
 
 Myen, myinthi. 
 
 Lhun. 
 
 Kasd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Thalon. 
 
 'Tau. 
 
 Toiigtaiii:^. 
 
 H'to. 
 
 Tson. 
 
 Kao. 
 
 Thohn, si'mg. 
 
 Sung. 
 
 Sung. 
 
 Sung. 
 
 Sangaii. 
 Batari salangi. 
 Usui. 
 
 Baraisangaluma. 
 Micha. 
 Jiling, 
 Digaro. 
 
 Jhangchomanda. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Lanka. 
 Tiyydr. 
 Vasaram, 
 Namo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Uyarnda. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Uyarnna. 
 
 Podugdti. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Ucha, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Niraka, ncragatti, 
 
 Nirigidl. 
 
 Uddanian. 
 
 Uddava. 
 
 Uddalu. 
 
 Udda-manisha.. 
 
 Uyarnthavan^ 
 
 Usa. 
 
192 
 
 MINCE— DUNN— THIN— TONKY—MACER. 
 
 [chap, v.— adjectives. 
 
 I- 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 t; 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, 
 <§, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gyimi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Takpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {wi-iikn), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Gurung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thd-ksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rungchenbung 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhercng 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Cliourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Loliorong, 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 Bdldii, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dilrai, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 Thdru, . , 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Tanu, kshina. 
 Rakik, rafiaa. 
 
 \_santar, hehain. 
 
 Flako, argal, erbal, inaskd 
 Laiha. 
 Nyulank. 
 Erk. 
 Wedd. 
 Sudoli. 
 Nimeghen. 
 Torha. 
 Tipis, kuru. 
 Tipis, kera. 
 Kurus. 
 
 Sail, 
 
 Sail, 
 
 Shall, 
 
 Sen, 
 
 Poh, 
 
 Yasetorii, 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Syouti. 
 Kwichem. 
 Kdmrhdng. 
 Kdri, 
 C/iaighe. 
 Okhimde. 
 Chit chi'i, 
 Srobbo, ridpo. 
 Mdbo (?). 
 
 Nemiia. 
 Gyeso, 
 Jhenba. 
 Jcii'tpd, 
 Ri'iclw. 
 Jya'iba, 
 Hdriydko, 
 Gomi. 
 Yoshii, 
 
 Yoin, 
 
 Pdlete, simdmyo, 
 Yo7?iyangko, ropyangko, 
 Roiigsi. 
 Ram da, 
 
 Ro/igyaiig, achitpo. 
 Jldchii^oktid, 
 Yokkd 
 Gainsipd, 
 Jcrpd. 
 
 Kachini, ryam'ba, 
 Ydiii'isn, 
 
 Keksu rcksiikha, 
 Mcpachd, 
 Rotniko, 
 Rom, 
 Jyor'pa. 
 Chiik, 
 
 Dubro, 
 
 Di'ihro, 
 
 Ga/igsih/iia, 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Mdchho, 
 
 Gerta. 
 
 Khengralo. 
 
 Ghardu, 
 
 Dabar, 
 
 Achim, chimbo, 
 Byeko, 
 
 §5 
 
 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Koccb, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . , 
 
 Burman {zarium), 
 Burinan (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mru V, Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 PwOrkaren, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annarnitic, . 
 Siamese, 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, , . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikiide, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, , . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 Tamij, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 Telugu, . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 Tujuva, , , 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Gaham. 
 
 Syetikd, mhoika. 
 Sukna. 
 Jotkreiig, 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Achi. 
 
 Soponoru, 
 
 AM, 
 
 Apoprr. 
 
 Apo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Giddk, 
 
 Diigitmjini, 
 
 Last, 
 
 Lhyd, 
 
 Shyd, penthi, 
 
 Pdm. 
 
 Tapd. 
 
 Thdn. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tharai, 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Hyeiig. 
 Raung, 
 Mong, man, 
 Hpohn, malm an, 
 HeJig, 
 Yom, 
 Caret. 
 
 Battri. 
 
 Bdtaria. 
 
 Etdng, ndnhd chiribiti, 
 
 Baraii'isd 
 
 Serud. 
 
 U'sti. 
 
 Gandi. 
 
 Sirsi hattiir. 
 
 Chtidor (small). 
 
 Chiidor /small). 
 
 Chintid (small). 
 
 Chiniiam (small). 
 
 Hiidihl (small). 
 
 Il'iidill (small). 
 
 Sang (small). 
 
 Chinna (small). 
 
 Banda ayininju, 
 
 Palapalasan, 
 
 Palasanadulta, 
 
 Bakkadu. 
 
 Saruvoti, saknnata, 
 
 Melliya. 
 Melinda. 
 Caret. 
 Melifma. 
 Palucliani. 
 Caret. 
 Te/Jdna, 
 Sabara. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Kitiud. 
 Vottale. 
 Kuna. 
 Melle. 
 Vadage. 
 
 Melintha, mellia. 
 Tuni. 
 
 chdmatid (of a 
 woman). 
 
CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.] 
 
 LAID— HASSLICH— UGLY— DURNOI—DEFORMIS. 
 
 193 
 
 
 O 
 
 .-§< 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■§1 
 I 
 
 
 a; 
 
 Types. 
 So 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, 
 «!, (Arabic, . . 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Titkpa, 
 M.inyak, . 
 ThocJul, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written). 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Siinwir, 
 Gdrung, . 
 Miirmi, . 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Riingchenbung; 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng. 
 
 Wdling, 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourd,sya, 
 
 Kulimgya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, , .. 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhtitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Knrr'ipa, viri'tpa, ri'ipahina. 
 Y^ab'ih, basheaa. 
 
 Itsusi, ichusi, ezafi, kemenge. 
 
 Riitna. 
 
 Card. 
 
 Chirkin. 
 
 Eyeeh. 
 
 Pilsi. 
 
 Orooda, 
 
 Botsikhe. 
 
 Halanipa. 
 
 Hawomvanii. 
 
 U'dnh. 
 
 Ch' au-yang-noh. 
 
 CJ{au-yang-iioh. 
 
 CJl an-ycoiig. 
 
 Veh-hau-kiin. 
 
 ICiap-si. 
 
 Mi-to-monai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 HoutimyA. 
 
 Makumchhur, 
 
 Li/iuniihii, gnoiiuhiiaiio. 
 
 Mibiip/iyii. 
 
 MiU-kwi. 
 
 Mdbene. 
 
 Memsyur. 
 
 Midsesma, mistiigpo. 
 
 Men jebo. 
 
 Malcmu, masimba. 
 
 Marimnoso. 
 
 A'saba. 
 
 BrotA khdba. 
 
 Mdsecho. 
 
 Mhi-dkydhopd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bdmala. 
 
 Phemld. 
 
 Khdng&vo. 
 
 Khdise. 
 
 Khdii enttko, khan geuwo. 
 
 UchiMno, uchuiito. 
 
 Khdisada. 
 
 Khdni. 
 
 IchcMcgndna. 
 
 A'rdncho. 
 
 Gndli-ipa. 
 
 Mijyopa. 
 
 Mdrivt'ba, -daasi ;'^ -dad.''' 
 
 Kamisa. 
 
 Wchu nuyuk nin. 
 
 KheKyiig, khenninung. 
 
 Khdisi. 
 
 Miibhdngpa. 
 
 Mdbhdn'gpa. 
 
 Khaikhaikpu. 
 
 Injeramro. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bamalaguhma. 
 
 Pilo. 
 
 Masyon. 
 
 Mambing. 
 
 Nakhaja. 
 
 A'ingbarai. 
 
 Bauramani. 
 
 Mary^mu. 
 Mdleni. 
 
 ^ 
 k 
 
 ■a 
 
 I 
 
 
 h 
 ft 
 
 "a 
 
 
 ' Bodo, . . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . . 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mlthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgi, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tcngsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Mii-i, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdrai, . . . 
 Kiimi, , . . 
 Mru V. Toung, 
 
 _Sdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 
 I'wo-karcn, . 
 
 Toungli-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitlc, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . , 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 Santdii, . . 
 
 Bhdmij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 
 Goiidi, . . . 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Kuri, . , . 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tami], anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . . 
 Kiirgi, . . . 
 Toduva, > 
 Toda, j . 
 Kdta, . . . 
 Badaga, . , 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . . 
 Malabar, . . 
 _ Sinhalese, . . 
 
 Chapma. 
 
 Mdremkd, mdelka, 
 
 Baiya. 
 
 Sarchd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sukthiba. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Maro. 
 
 Shopur. 
 
 Patigtsi. 
 
 Maisong. 
 
 Machoiig. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ajinang. 
 
 Uchini. 
 
 Samndtig. 
 
 Ariipchlio. 
 
 Ayoksho, ayiips'ho. 
 
 Asii. 
 
 Akhesting, 
 
 Hdio. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hen. 
 
 T'khibah. 
 
 Lalniiig. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Hantichk. 
 
 Xdu. 
 
 Rdi, liouhikh, 
 
 Khye pld. 
 
 Hdng hai. 
 
 Hai. 
 
 Kabugi. 
 Esuetkalika. 
 
 Tamboddi, sanda-manda, pa- 
 Utea neloa. \ltarakah-sdhiiis;. 
 Mdld 
 KaiJtes. 
 Caret. 
 
 Bi'irotd-manda, chokat-hilli. 
 Caret. 
 Buro. 
 Caret. 
 
 Wadinasaiti. 
 Lagor, kattd. 
 Banomyo. 
 Caret. 
 Gidadu. 
 Sonjabasdhe. 
 Ambaste. 
 Nim mokdvord, 
 Nalladilld. 
 Khardb. 
 
 Payirpdna. 
 
 Aruvaruppdna, andakedana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Verupulla. 
 
 Vikdraniaina. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Andagidi. 
 
 Padikettano. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Odcda. 
 
 A'dddi. 
 
 Mdse. 
 
 Holla. 
 
 Hola, 
 
 Polla. 
 
 Avalatchana, 
 
 Kata, 
 
 2 I! 
 
194 
 
 BLANC— WEISS-WHITE— BYELY-ALBUS. 
 
 [chap. v. — ADJECTIVES. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 
 
 ■■§ j Sanskrit, . . . 
 
 ■^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 ■^^ 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 ii 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 |, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 ly, 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 ►i; 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 ■ Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 S 
 
 Gyarung, . . 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 .h 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 s * 
 
 Thochu, 
 
 
 
 p 
 
 <, 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 Tibetan {■written), 
 
 
 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 ~ 
 
 Siinwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 
 
 
 •s 
 
 Mdrmi, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 Thiksya, . 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 P£khya, . 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 New£r, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 ■v* 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 '<. 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 ?-' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 Siing-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 ^. 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 1- 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 
 f> 
 
 Vdyu, . . 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lli 
 
 op 
 
 a, 
 
 
 
 "§ 
 
 'Bodo, 
 
 Gtiphiit. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 
 Jeikd, jeika. 
 
 S'ltkla, s'wda, dhavala, sita, 
 
 ^, 
 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 Dhoula. 
 
 Abyad. \^uchi, s'ubhra. 
 
 ti 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Bokldng. 
 
 Zuri, churi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Walkia. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Angouba. 
 
 Feher. 
 
 K^ 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Thoh. 
 
 Ak. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Heng. 
 
 Pihshey. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Mesing. 
 
 Thethri. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kadia. 
 
 Chagan. 
 
 ' 1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Apo. 
 
 Shangiyan. 
 
 a 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Tamasong. 
 
 Putih. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, , , 
 
 Masang. 
 
 Pciak. 
 
 K 
 
 Abor Miri, . , , 
 
 Asido. 
 
 Putih. 
 
 g 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Kdmpoddk. 
 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 . Puri. 
 
 Peh. 
 Pai. 
 
 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Phro}ig. 
 
 Pdk. 
 
 
 ' Burman {written). 
 
 Phri. 
 
 Pah. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Phyii, hpyiithi. 
 
 Peh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Buk. 
 
 Sifvi. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Ahin. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Kanltim. 
 
 Pirn. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Q 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 Card. 
 
 Pidi. 
 
 1; 
 
 .Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kaprotn. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 ffpatihn. 
 
 Kherii. 
 
 54 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Wah. 
 
 Dallu. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . , . 
 
 Bwah. 
 
 Phyokh. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Bwd. 
 
 Chhdgdn. 
 
 1 
 
 Shdn, ..... 
 
 Khoung. 
 
 Phru-phri'i. 
 
 h 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Trang 
 
 J: 
 
 Yikdrpo. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Khoung, khdu. 
 
 Kdrpo. 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Phok. 
 
 J. 
 
 <^ 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Khdu, phuk. 
 
 Karpo. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Khdu, pheuk. 
 
 Bwisye. 
 
 Tdrkya. 
 
 Tdra. 
 
 Bocho. 
 
 Tarpa. 
 
 Seto. 
 
 Ti'tyu. 
 
 KHphora. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 Pundi. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Pundi. 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 Esel, ponda, galdi, belkeng. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 
 Hissu punia. 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Pa?idru. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Pundi. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Jimpro. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Panguro, pandari. 
 
 U'mpi ydng wa. 
 
 •S 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Pandari. 
 
 Pdyonma, nmpayonyon. 
 
 "a 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Pandaro. 
 
 Omko, womydng, wopi 
 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 Touda. 
 
 Bathrt'ma. [yangma. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Tdodi. 
 
 UmloUpa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Pandari, viditor. 
 
 Bothruma, wompichichi. 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Padaral. 
 
 Phi'ma. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Pulling. 
 
 Bubjoma. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Vella. 
 
 Womlopa. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Sukkdre. 
 
 Biibum. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Palu. 
 
 Bubi'im. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Tatar. 
 
 Bihd, biye. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Valedd. 
 
 Oinyukkha, omyuk. 
 
 
 ^ Chentsu, .... 
 
 Vujula, savarniia. 
 
 Beyepa. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . . 
 
 Velliya. 
 
 Ombanlonpa. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Velutta, velley. 
 
 Biibum. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Card. 
 
 Biibum, 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . 
 
 Velutta. 
 
 Om ; omdii ;^ maongadier 
 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Telia, telupu. 
 
 Goro. 
 Goro. 
 
 Ttiyuguhma. 
 Bhdmto 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 Card. 
 
 •S 
 
 Karnataka, mod., . 
 
 Bill. 
 
 r 
 1 
 
 Tuluva, .... 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Bollane. 
 Baltad. 
 
 J-/ fl/Liif/H'U t 
 
 A'bo. 
 
 Dawdngmi. 
 
 Pdndal. 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Tocla, 1 . . . 
 Kdta, 
 
 Pelpam. 
 Bdpu. 
 Vdape. 
 
 A'sai. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Bdapu. 
 
 Ujar. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Bole. 
 
 
 If-da, 
 
 Vdle, 
 
 A'diiin. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Venmei. 
 
 Kdpo. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . . , , 
 
 Sudu. 
 
CHAP. VI.— VERBS 
 
 ] 
 
 
 
 3'EVEILLER— WACHEN— AW 
 
 AKE 
 
 -— PROSNUTSYA— EXPERGISCI. 195 
 
 . Types. 
 
 
 ' Bodo, 
 
 , Jakhdng, sidijnanno (pass.). 
 
 •■g (Sanskrit, 
 >! (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Jdgri^ budh. 
 Isteikaza. 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, .... 
 Kocch, .... 
 Garo, 
 
 Cheiam (pass.), Ihopd (act.). 
 . Jdgibar. 
 Sarai. 
 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Esnatu, ernatii, irazarri. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 
 
 
 Herdaii. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Ilougolo. 
 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 "nJ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s'' 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Cant. 
 
 !> 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Sishaugo. 
 
 1 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 
 
 
 Waghkidseb. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Sirte. 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Serigulgii. 
 
 .b 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Chingo. 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Geteine. 
 
 •ft 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Ula. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 . Tangi. 
 
 1 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Phayd. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 . Tangi. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Emilaipil. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 . Zdga. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Ddrdoku. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 . Sing. 
 Using. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Harnamani. 
 Diimu. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 . Sing. 
 
 t 
 
 ■ Burman [wntten), 
 
 N^. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Kau-chi-le, katt-tsen-le. 
 
 Burman [spoken), . . 
 
 Ntf. 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 . ChHri. 
 
 1 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Kakdk. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Okiteru, wokoshi. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Thd. 
 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 Anthd. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Bashkabota. 
 
 13 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Gy^imi, . . 
 
 
 
 . Khile. 
 
 fc 
 
 ^ 
 
 . Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 S 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Tarwas, 
 
 
 ' Talaiii v. Men, . 
 
 NgH. 
 
 h 
 
 T.ikpa, . . 
 
 
 
 lAng, 
 
 15 
 
 Sgau-karcn, . 
 
 I'lilhiiiaw. 
 
 k 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Doiigwdh. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karcn, . 
 
 Nniig-tang. 
 
 •G 
 
 « 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 . Toron. 
 
 % 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Ting 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Pos. 
 
 I 
 
 Shdn, ..... 
 
 Ten. 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Tar yen. 
 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Thak. 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 . Caret 
 
 Siamese 
 
 Tein, fun. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Teng 
 
 ~ 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Tiin. 
 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Caret 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Tun. 
 
 I 
 •a 
 
 SUnwdr, . 
 Giirung, . . 
 Miirmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Bok. 
 . Red 
 . Caret. 
 
 Swon. 
 
 Reto. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), .... 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Efieted. 
 
 Birman. 
 
 Ebhenohte. 
 
 Riidrman. 
 
 Amhakhandara. 
 
 I' 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 ^ Limbu, . . . 
 
 
 
 U'tJia. 
 
 Don. 
 
 Phoke. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Addgya. 
 Ejra. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Jagemdn, chaitoana. 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 .«' 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . , . 
 Rungchenbung, . 
 
 
 
 Pilkalenda, khrupsa. 
 Puwalonta, chi^ nin.'^ 
 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 Caret. 
 Cai'et. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . 
 
 
 
 Pogdk. 
 
 g 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 . 
 
 Ndchhereng, . . 
 
 
 
 Poka. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Thing'ta. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Chen^da. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■t; 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 BMdtd, sdistd. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Yedi. 
 
 !!. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Poka. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Ningddahdmu. 
 
 ti 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Bdka. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Diniego. 
 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Bokko, bokse,^ bokine.^ 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Modukttsudukka. \_duyiru. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong 
 
 > ' 
 
 
 
 Cheno, page, poglente. 
 Poga, pogachi,^ poga ni."^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 Teligayirnkkti, dindugtm 
 Jdglero, jdgaleraho. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Polit, politachi,^ polita nin.^ 
 
 
 Tami], anc 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 Thittdchi,'^ -ni.^ 
 
 
 Tamil, mod. 
 
 Vizhittal. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 PMge. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 
 
 
 PhMye. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . 
 
 Unaru. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 PMge. 
 
 
 Telugu,' 
 
 MUukonu. 
 
 1 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Chetas, chetas. 
 
 U'th. 
 
 Don. 
 
 i 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 Karndtaka, mod., . . 
 Tuluva, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Echchattiru. 
 
 Echchirigidupuna. 
 
 i 
 1. 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 Kuswar, . . 
 Kusunda, . . 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 
 Tyokche, tyoksa. 
 Soma. 
 
 Thdimche, sis'che. 
 U'thou, uthou. 
 Blengwoto. 
 Uthali, jagal. 
 
 1 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 Toijuva,) .... 
 Toda, 1 . . . . 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 Badaga, 
 
 Kurumba 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. \yecharichagir . 
 
 Edaderth bini, vorigadi, 
 
 Mekikene, yecharagiru. 
 
 Yleddam, yecharike iru. 
 
 Yecharikeagiru. 
 
 Yelke, nenevd girave. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Si. 
 
 
 Malabar, 
 
 Villippu. 
 
 
 BhUtdni v. Lh 
 
 opa 
 
 > • 
 
 
 Lhong. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Pubudinavd. 
 
196 
 
 APPORTER—BRINGEN— BRING— PRINOSIT—FERRE. 
 
 [CHAP. VI.— VERBS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 t 
 
 ■ Bodo, Ldbo. 
 
 
 ■S (Sanskrit, . . . 
 ^ (Arabic, 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chumd, chumtengleli. 
 
 
 A'jil, ni. 
 
 k. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ledsibar. 
 
 
 Jdba. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ldphd. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bask, 
 
 Ekarri. 
 
 "k 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Labau. 
 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Tuon. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 
 Pt'iruo. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, .... 
 
 Hoz. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Mi'thdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Ldhai. 
 
 
 h' 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 Getir. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Yakei. 
 
 
 -^ 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Kakh. 
 
 1 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Heneratli. 
 
 
 5 
 
 Georgian, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Seyawe. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mongolian, . . . 
 
 Atcharakho. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Vanro. 
 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 Gatchiinc. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 A'nyanng. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Hanggdwa. 
 
 ! 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Khaluang. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 Hambekta. 
 
 
 Abor Miri, 
 
 
 
 Bombipu. 
 
 
 
 Malay, .... 
 
 Bdiva. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Boinkuka. 
 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 
 Pd-lai. 
 Pd-lai. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Larini. 
 Ldu. 
 
 
 ,l' 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 Nim-loi. 
 
 >« 
 Q 
 
 ' Burman {written). 
 
 
 
 Yukhe. 
 
 
 ■l 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 Tan-k. 
 
 i 
 
 Burman [sfolien), 
 
 
 
 Yi'tghe. 
 
 
 "^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 I"eh-ldi. 
 
 Si 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Japanese. . . . 
 
 Mote-koi. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, . . , 
 
 
 
 Mahdi. 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 S 
 
 Kdmi, . , . 
 
 
 
 Lo. 
 
 
 Brahui, .... 
 
 Halbo, hatbo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mru V. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gyami, .... 
 
 Idle. 
 
 f3 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 N 
 
 Gyirung, .... 
 
 Kopet. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Kitnen. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Takpa, .... 
 
 Rotd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Haiso, haitso. 
 
 
 
 Manyak, .... 
 
 Trulhe. 
 
 ,S: 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Ghaitsoh. 
 
 
 '1 • 
 
 Thochii, .... 
 
 Dzila. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Htutone. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 A' hbatdhira. 
 
 h 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 
 
 Oungma. 
 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 Wtikhye. 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Yiemden. 
 
 
 
 Tibetan (wrUten), 
 
 Yikhyon, sky eh. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Oungman, aiimd. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . . 
 
 Bdsyo. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 A'nmd. 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Aiimd. 
 
 
 
 ' Serpa 
 
 Gyap. 
 
 
 Laos, , , . 
 
 
 
 Aumd. 
 
 
 V 
 
 Sunwdr, .... 
 Gurung, .... 
 Miirmi, .... 
 Magar, .... 
 Thdksya, .... 
 Pakliya, .... 
 NeNvdr, .... 
 Limbu, .... 
 
 Fit. 
 Pog 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), . 
 
 
 
 Awited. 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 )- 
 
 
 Bid. 
 
 
 i 
 
 JJUll, 
 
 Rdko. 
 Bliakaii. 
 Lydlyd. 
 . Haki. 
 Fheppe. 
 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhumij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 Rdjmahali 
 
 Gondi, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gemerate, dguite, id'u 
 
 Daigodgueman. 
 
 Ondrd. 
 
 A'gonien. 
 
 Ondrd. 
 
 Tardnigd, tdttana. 
 
 'gitite. 
 
 
 ■ Kirinti, .... 
 
 Pddng. 
 
 •3 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, .... 
 
 Baizyu, baidyu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rungchenbung, . . 
 
 Bdttiiki bana. 
 
 <; . 
 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . . 
 
 T/idpta. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchhei-eng, . . . 
 
 Beliyu. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Mddl, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 Bdttii. 
 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Ydkha, .... 
 
 Ap'tu. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Chourdsya, . . . 
 
 Phittd. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 
 
 Ktmda. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kulungya, . . . 
 
 Bdh'yu. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 
 
 Tdmu. 
 
 
 ■s- 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Pfiida. \ladapaiiino. - 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 
 Pangayiba. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, .... 
 
 Pltyo, rato, pitlse,^ pitine,'^ 
 
 
 Gad aba. 
 
 
 
 
 Yindre. 
 
 
 Lohorong, . . . 
 
 Lddi'ippo, ladappe, ladapche.^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 
 
 Yittikondu. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Larabichhong, . . 
 
 Tlidpta. 
 
 
 ^ Chentsu, 
 
 
 
 
 A'ne, diyd. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, 
 
 Ddppn, yangddppu. 
 
 
 ' Tami], anc 
 
 ) . 
 
 
 
 Kond. 
 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . . 
 
 Bdhyu. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod,, . 
 
 
 
 Koiduvd, kondd. 
 
 
 
 Dumi 
 
 Pide. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, .... 
 
 Pide, p'lchie,^ pis nay c'^ 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 
 Koriduvaru. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . . . 
 
 Tdg'we, tagwechie,^ 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . , 
 
 
 Techchu, tisuka. 
 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, 
 
 Denwdr, .... 
 Pahri, 
 
 . , \tag)mmye.' 
 
 A'nJnk\ 
 Bi'iyd. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Tarn, td. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chepdng, .... 
 Bhrdmu, .... 
 
 Vdyu, 
 
 Kuswar, .... 
 Kusunda, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 K/idl 
 
 Pis/ito. 
 
 Anik. 
 
 A'i. 
 
 1 
 1^ 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, 1 
 K(5ta, -. , 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Tashken. 
 
 Kadiibe. 
 
 Tanane. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdrii, 
 
 Lydre, ledre. 
 
 
 Ku;-umba, 
 Irula, , . 
 
 
 
 
 Tanane. 
 Tarke. 
 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), . 
 
 Budi. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Konduvd. 
 
 
 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, . 
 
 Bdsyo. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Genenavd. 
 
 
CHAP. VI. — VERBS.] 
 
 VENIR—KOMMEN—COME-PRIDTI— VENIRE. 
 
 197 
 
 Types. 
 
 *< 
 
 y 
 
 '•Bodo, 
 
 F>/wL 
 
 ■g (Sanskrit, .... A'gam, e, dyd. 
 
 
 Dhimtll, .... 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 Lo, le. 
 Asibar. 
 
 % (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 Jaa, dta. 
 
 t*i 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Phoi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 Etorri, chlii izan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdi-i, .... 
 
 Pliai. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Tukn. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Lao. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Jo. 
 
 "a 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Rdhai. 
 
 8» 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Gel. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 0/igkoi. 
 
 'a 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Kahknyey. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 IHiiiierang. 
 
 1 • 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Mokad. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Akiphirchc. 
 
 i 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Irekho. 
 
 !(; 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Kdro. 
 
 c! 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Dohime. 
 
 "■CJ . 
 
 I 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Arnng. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Tcka. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 All alii. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Yiaieng. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Gikiipii. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Ddtang. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Kdpii. 
 
 
 'Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Ldi. 
 Ldi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpjio, .... 
 
 Nangkwd. 
 Sdu. 
 
 ■fj 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Lot. 
 
 t 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 
 Ld, rok. 
 
 r 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Le. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Ld, yank. 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Ldi. 
 
 ll 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Lo. 
 
 
 Japanese. 
 
 
 Kuru, kitari. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Va. 
 
 k. ./ - -/ - 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 You. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Barak. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd v. Toung, . , . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 \> 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Le. 
 
 ^ 
 
 _Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 g 
 
 Gyd,rung, . 
 
 
 
 Kajtiin, papun. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . . . 
 
 lialonra. 
 
 A 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Syo. 
 
 s 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . . 
 
 Ha). 
 
 "U 
 K 
 
 MAnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Lemo. 
 
 1 
 
 Pvvo-karcn, . 
 
 Gliay. 
 
 .^ 
 
 Thochd, . . 
 
 
 
 Hai. 
 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Lone, 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Ire. 
 Kwilhen. 
 
 t5. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Mha. 
 Den, lai. 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 
 Hong, s-byon. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Md. 
 
 s 
 
 _ Tibetan [spoken), 
 
 
 
 Syo. 
 
 .a 
 0^ 
 
 Abom, .... 
 KhdmtL, .... 
 
 Md. 
 Md. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Syok. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Md. 
 
 ■*^ 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 Giirung, . . 
 Miirmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Pyii. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 Khou, jyangou. 
 
 Rdni. 
 
 Khau. 
 
 
 ■Ho(Kol), . . . 
 
 Hujuted, setreted. 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 Santdli, .... 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 Urdon, 
 
 Hiij'iiman. 
 Ddrdite, hejuhte. 
 Hiji'iman, 
 . Bdnd. 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 A'ija, 
 Wd. 
 Phere. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 Gondi, 
 
 . Ptla kdj'iim. 
 
 . Bdrd. 
 
 . Bdrdn'igd, wara. 
 
 
 ■ Kir£nti, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdnd. 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 . Caret 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdna. 
 
 ,8 
 
 Rutluk 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Bdna. 
 
 s 
 "a ' 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Thdba. 
 
 S3 
 
 Kol ami, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Tdwa. 
 
 C 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 i 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdna. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Yikha, . . 
 
 
 
 Aba. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, . 
 
 
 
 Pikdtd. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Wango. 
 
 !S 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Bdna. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Ninju. 
 
 ■s^' 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Bika. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Jdyeba. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Piwo, rdwo, pi-se^ pi-nc."^ 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Pliinge. 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Ddbe, dache,'^ da-ne.^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Vd, vdrd. 
 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Thdba, thdbachi,^ thdbani.'^ 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Asibo, asili. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ddba, dabachi,^ dabanin.^ 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sing-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Bdnd-chi,^ -ni.^ 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Vd. 
 
 
 Diimi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pii. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Paiiye. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Varu. 
 
 
 ^ Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Tdbe. 
 
 
 Teliigu,' .... 
 
 Vachchn, cheni. 
 
 t 
 
 %3 
 
 ' D£rhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chepdng, . . 
 
 
 
 A'tik. 
 An. 
 Ld. 
 Caret. 
 
 8 ■ 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, .... 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Toda, j . . . 
 K6ta, 
 
 Card. 
 Bant, bd. 
 Barapuna. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ ■ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 
 
 
 Thdyd. 
 
 ^ 
 5 
 
 It-va. 
 
 ^, 
 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Phi. 
 
 t^ 
 
 It-va, vdge. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 Kusunda, . . 
 Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Abe. 
 Agga. 
 Awd, ydttha. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Ku rumba, 
 
 Irula, 
 
 Ite-ba. 
 Itc-ba, ba. 
 Iti-ba, barave. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Du 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 . Vd. 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. Lhop 
 
 a, 
 
 
 Syb. 
 
 
 Sinhalese,. . . . 
 
 JVaren, enavd. 
 
igS 
 
 
 
 
 
 BOIRE— TRINKEN— DRINK- 
 
 -PIT— BIBERE. 
 
 [chap. 
 
 VI.— verbs. 
 
 Types. 
 
 \ 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Lung. 
 
 
 ^c 
 
 
 Dhimdl 
 
 A'm. 
 
 
 1 (Sanskrit, . ... Pa {pivati). 
 
 h . 
 
 Kocch, .... 
 
 Pibdr. 
 
 
 "^^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Sharaha. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Liing. 
 
 
 •> 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 Finnic,. , . 
 
 
 
 
 Edan. 
 Juon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, .... 
 Munipuri, . . . 
 
 Lang 
 Thoiio. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Vn. 
 
 ■^s 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Singhd. 
 
 
 s' 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 
 I'ch. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . , 
 
 Yang ying shi. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Yeshwey. 
 
 1 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Atsiong. 
 
 
 s ■ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 
 Wsnwad {swam). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Dziikretowe. 
 
 
 1. 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 
 
 
 Ughucho. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Joko. 
 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 
 Omime. 
 
 r 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 Chajamti. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Ngombe. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 TUniin. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Ngunjiik. 
 
 'S 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Taipii. 
 
 
 
 L Malay, .... 
 
 
 Minom. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Tiipu. 
 
 
 
 <■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 K'oh. 
 Ho. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Jinime. 
 Lun. 
 
 
 & 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Yam. 
 
 ■§ 
 
 ' Burman {wrUteu), 
 
 Sok. 
 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Heh, ch'ah (eat or drink). 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Thaui. 
 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Nomu. 
 Lim, nomi. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Ue. 
 Nei. 
 
 
 -, ^ / 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kiimi, 
 
 Nei.. 
 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 
 
 
 Dir kunakh. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ■ Gy^mi, 
 
 
 
 
 Khwd. 
 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 
 
 
 Tamot. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Thou. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 Thong. 
 
 ,s 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Owrau, ai'ili. 
 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 
 
 Giiachhoh. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Aw. 
 
 
 Thochil, . 
 
 
 
 
 . A'thi. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Nwa. ■ 
 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, , . 
 
 
 
 
 . Wuo. 
 
 5^. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Kyen. 
 
 
 s 
 
 s 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 . Wathi. 
 
 ■fe 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 . Uong 
 
 
 
 Tibetan [written), 
 
 
 
 'Rthi'mg. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 . Deum, kenn. 
 
 
 2 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Thing. 
 . Thung 
 
 to 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 Laos, 
 
 . Kleu. 
 . Kinnam. 
 . Kinnam. 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 Sunwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Murmi, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Tung. 
 . Thunu. 
 Thi'mg. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 Mooited. 
 
 Nueman. 
 
 Gnuite. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, 
 Thaksya, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Gau. 
 . Pill. 
 
 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Nayman. 
 U'ndh. 
 
 
 i 
 ■< 
 
 Pakhya, . 
 
 New^r, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 
 . Piu. 
 . Ton. 
 Thungne. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, .... 
 
 Noimi. 
 
 Ond 
 
 Yeru undkar, undana. 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Dung. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Dugno, di'ignu. 
 
 ^ 
 <; 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 
 
 . Dugno, diignacliu,^ dugna- 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Thi'mia, thua. \jium.'' 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Duiigo. 
 
 cs 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Dugno. 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 V'gnu. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Tukdtd. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Kudi. 
 
 
 is 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Diing'gnu. 
 
 
 Khond 
 
 Punamu. 
 
 
 ^' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Di'ignd. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Gdba. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 
 Ti'ignotiingo, titse,^ tiine.^ 
 
 
 Gadaba, , , . , 
 
 Yidu. 
 
 
 (J 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Dunge, diingeche,^ dimgane." 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Kudi. 
 
 
 (S 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 ) 
 
 
 
 Thi'tgnd, thugnachu.^ 
 
 
 _ Chflitsu, .... 
 
 Pi, piyer. 
 
 
 .g 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Dugno, dagnachi.'^ 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■<l 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddrni, . . 
 Khiling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 Dugiiii, dt'igni'ichu,^ dugiia- 
 . .Tingne. \_iiuiii.'^ 
 
 Tyung'yc. 
 . Ti'igne. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod,, . 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Kudi. 
 Caret. 
 Kudikka. 
 Tdgu. 
 
 
 r -rv^-l,; 
 
 
 
 
 Pyii. 
 Khdik. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 ^-F^ 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, , 
 
 Kudi. 
 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 loin. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tuluva, .... 
 
 Parapuna. 
 
 
 1 ■ 
 
 1 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, , 
 V:lyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . . 
 Thdni, , . . 
 
 
 
 
 Tuniche, tiinisd. 
 Sydnga. 
 
 Tungchc, tiiiigko. 
 Khdik. 
 Tdng-gonong. 
 Piyal, pildyaba. 
 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Toduva, ( . . . 
 Toda, [ . . , 
 
 Kdia, 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 Iiuja, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Unn, iidth-bini. 
 
 U'ne, unikiene. 
 
 Kudi, kudidane. 
 
 Ku'di. 
 
 Kudidiikove, kudidukoveko. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Thong 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 ICtt'di. 
 
 \tinke. 
 
 
 IShutdni V. Lh 
 
 op 
 
 1, . 
 
 
 Thong 
 
 
 Sinhalese 
 
 Bonawa. 
 
 
CHAP. VI. — VERD.S.] 
 
 MANGER— ESSEN— EAT— YEST—EDERE. 
 
 199 
 
 Types. 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 
 Magyar, . 
 
 ga Turkish, . 
 
 ^ CfRCASSIAN, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 f' Mongolian, 
 
 t§ Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 h 
 
 I 
 s 
 
 2 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mcinyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ■ Serpa, . . 
 Siinw^r, 
 Gilrung, . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 P^khya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, . 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 Chhingtingya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wiling, . 
 Ydkha, , 
 Chour^sya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungm^li, 
 
 fD^rhi, . . 
 Denvvdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, ■ . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 
 
 Kh&d, bhalish, bhuj. 
 A'kala. 
 
 Jan, yan. 
 Syon. 
 En. 
 Ye. 
 
 Teshesht. 
 Jamad icham). 
 Ideku. 
 Dsheme. 
 Maiigan. 
 Neda. 
 Mdkan. 
 
 K'Ui. 
 
 CKih. 
 
 Shik. 
 
 Cliah. 
 
 Chidh. 
 
 Taberu, kurai. 
 
 Kunakh. 
 
 Thye, khye. 
 
 Tazo. 
 
 Zo. 
 
 Gnajeu. 
 
 Adz. 
 
 Ethe. 
 
 Nangi. 
 
 Zo. 
 
 So. 
 
 Se, so. 
 Jau. 
 Chad. 
 Chou. 
 
 M- 
 
 Lhtla. 
 
 Gdu, khtiwa. 
 
 Na. 
 
 Che. 
 
 Cho. 
 
 Cho. 
 
 Cho, chachett, chachi'^ {cha- 
 
 Choha, choa. \}tum).^ 
 
 Chiiu. 
 
 Cho. 
 
 Cho. 
 
 Jdkdtd. 
 Cho. 
 Pe. 
 
 Bdwo, jdwo, Jose, ^ Jane. ^ 
 Chae, choye, chaiche^chaine!^ 
 Cho, chasachu^ chasanum.^ 
 Cho, chachi^ chanin.^ 
 Cho, chochu,'^ chanum.^ 
 
 Jyu. 
 
 Jy&ye, Mye. 
 Choye. 
 
 Khou. 
 Khdik. 
 Ne. 
 
 Jeche,jhisa. 
 Chd. 
 
 Jdche, jako, 
 Khdik. 
 A'm. 
 Khai. 
 
 Zo, thd. 
 Sah. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 8 
 
 'Bodo, 
 
 Jd. 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Chd. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Khdbar. 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Sd. 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Munipuri, . . . . 
 
 Chdo. 
 
 Mfthdn Ncigd, . . . 
 
 Sdhd. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Hdchi. 
 
 Khdri N£igd, . . . . 
 
 Tsaung. 
 
 Angdmi N£g!i, . . . 
 
 Chiliche. 
 
 Ndnisdng Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Chdo. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Chijong. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Tyu. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . . 
 
 Dolanka. 
 
 Sibsdgar Mid, . . . 
 
 Dolangka. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, , . . 
 
 Harini. 
 
 .Singpho, 
 
 Slidu. 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 Ch^. 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 S(f. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . 
 
 E. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Tsd. 
 
 Kiimi 
 
 Tsd. 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 Tsi. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . . 
 
 Amu, an. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . . 
 
 A^viig. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . . 
 
 Am. 
 
 Shdn, 
 
 Kyen. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 An. 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Kenn, kin. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Kin. 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Kin. 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Kin. 
 
 Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 Jometed. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Ji'tmeman. 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 /ornate, tdpdgate, Idpehte. 
 
 Bhilmij, .... 
 
 Jumidbo. 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Mokhdh. 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Jamemi. 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Ldpd, mokdmina. 
 
 Goncli, .... 
 
 Bdratit, tindana. 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Mddi 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Tinumu. 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Gdba, jomhd. 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Som. 
 
 Yemkala, .... 
 
 Vunu, kulla. 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 Khd, khayye. 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . . 
 
 Tin. 
 
 Malay dlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 Tinnu, unnu. 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 . Tinu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod;, . 
 
 Tinnu. 
 
 Tukiva, .... 
 
 Tinupuna. 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 . Unn. 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Toda, i . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Thedth-bine, tenmi. 
 
 K6ta, ..... 
 
 Tiggene, tinnu. 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 Tinane, tinnu. 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Tinnu. 
 
 Iruia, 
 
 Tinke, tinnave, tinduko. 
 
 Malabar 
 
 Thin, sappedu. 
 
 Sinhalese,. . . . 
 
 Bonavd. 
 
200 
 
 DONNER—GEBEN— GIVE— DAT— DARE. 
 
 [chap. VI. — VERBS. 
 
 
 Types. 
 
 a 
 
 'Bodo, Hot. 
 
 z^ 
 
 S? 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 
 
 
 , Pi. 
 
 ■5 (S.\NSKR[T, .... Dd, yam {yacliclihati), dad. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Ddnkonu, dibdr. 
 
 % (Arabic, . 
 
 
 
 Aata, zaa/iaua. 
 
 <*5 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Hd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 Eman, anon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Annan. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 . Pio. 
 
 
 jNIagyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Ad 
 
 "^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Lahai. 
 
 ^0 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Ver. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Yakhit. 
 
 "1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Ydtch. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Khittgo. 
 
 S ■ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Wadzlcb {dzl). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Sihvawe. 
 
 <, 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 O/dii. 
 
 , fe ^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Kit. 
 
 e 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 
 
 Bume. 
 
 § 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Kwdng. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Hanveli. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Khalang. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Sitka. 
 
 S 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Bipit. 
 
 
 ^ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Bri, kasi. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Sopd. 
 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Kih. 
 Kei. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Larini. 
 Ydu. 
 
 ^0 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Pi. 
 
 s 
 
 ' Burman Written), 
 
 
 Pekhya. 
 
 -5 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Pch. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Pekhyd, pe. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Ho. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Pege. 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Yarn, aiaye. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Napii. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 ' J 
 
 
 Kilmi, .... 
 
 
 Pei. 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 
 
 Ety. 
 
 \ 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^■ 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 
 Xi, yo/io. 
 
 b 
 ^ 
 
 Sdk 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 :^ 
 
 Gyarung, . . 
 
 
 Davong, davo. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Ka. 
 
 J^ 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Be, bin. 
 
 s 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Halaw, ha. 
 
 '='3 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Wakhi, takhi. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Pilong. 
 
 
 Thochu, . . 
 
 
 
 Dagsit, kun'igsJt. 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Pha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 PVitg, eiik. 
 
 f^ 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Pan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Ti'ikhye, tnkJiong. 
 
 h 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Sho. 
 
 § 
 
 Tibetan {written). 
 
 
 
 lUii/t, phiil, thong. 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Plihn, hai. 
 
 3 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 
 
 Phin, bahak. 
 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Heu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Hau. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Bin. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Hit. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Siinwdr, . . 
 Gurung, . . 
 Murmi, . . 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Gi. 
 
 Fin. 
 Bin. 
 Ldni. 
 Pino. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Emeted. 
 Immaiman. 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Emate, gataitte. 
 U' maiman. 
 Chhid. 
 
 
 Pikhya, . . 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Deu. 
 Byu, ti. 
 Fire, pirangne. 
 
 
 Mundala, 
 Rdjmahali 
 Gondi, . 
 
 
 
 Dd. 
 Kaid. 
 Si, siana. 
 
 
 • Kirinti, . . 
 
 
 
 Pddng, pdi. 
 
 .§ 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Pdong, idii. 
 
 Piidng, chang,"^ nang.'^ 
 
 3 
 
 Rutluk, 
 Naikude, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Pi'iang, pit. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Ndchhercng, . 
 
 
 
 Plawa, piyo. 
 
 C) 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 VVdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Pitdng, pit. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Kapyang, piang pi. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 t; 
 
 Chourisya, . 
 
 
 
 Gakd, goktd. 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 
 Kudu. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Piyd, piyi'i. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 
 Siydninju. 
 
 f. 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Gwddng, gwdka. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Tilisibba. 
 
 g 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Giyi giwo, gise,^ g-ine." 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 
 
 Chedive. 
 
 G 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Pigne,pitte, pigache, • pigane. ^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, . 
 
 
 
 Td, vanko. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Pirdiig. 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Nediyo. 
 
 .s 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pipid, pittii. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, ''^"'=' 
 
 . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Dumi, . 
 Khdling, . . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Pidn. 
 Bignd, bi. 
 Bigndye. 
 Piydtigye, piye. 
 
 
 Tami], mod., . . 
 Malaydhna, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 Telugii,' . . . 
 
 
 Kodu. 
 Caret. 
 
 Kotukka, tarn. 
 Ichchu. 
 
 1 
 
 • Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . , 
 Pahri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dihik. 
 
 DiilL 
 
 Bichhon, 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tujuva, 
 
 
 v. 
 
 Kodu. 
 Kodupuna. 
 
 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 ICuswar 
 
 
 
 Bi'ii. 
 Pyi'i. 
 I-Idto. 
 Dcik. 
 
 1 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Tod a, ) 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Td. 
 Caret. 
 
 Tashken, ta, kor. 
 Katiube, ta. 
 
 1 
 
 TCiimincln. 
 
 
 
 A'i. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Tanafie, ta, koipt. 
 
 
 ^ Thdru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dada. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Tanane, kodu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 
 
 Tarke, tarave. 
 
 Lcijclia (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Bo, bi. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Thdkodu. 
 
 
 l^hutdni v. Lhop 
 
 1, 
 
 
 Ndiig, bdbak. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Diyan, dena%'A. 
 
CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 
 
 ALLER— GEHEN— GO— IDTI— IRE. 
 
 20I 
 
 5" 
 
 ■Si 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . . 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, ... 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 Japanese, . . . 
 
 Gam, yd, sri {sardti), chal, 
 Rdha. \chars pad. 
 
 Joan, jun, gan. 
 
 Menen. 
 
 Men. 
 
 Git. 
 
 Yago, mago. 
 
 Slwad {wal). 
 
 Odkho. 
 
 Geneme. 
 
 Lunga. 
 
 Kesah. 
 
 Pargi. 
 
 K'ii. 
 
 CKii. 
 
 Hit. 
 
 Chi. 
 
 K'\. 
 
 Iku, yuki. 
 
 t 
 
 Brahuf, Hinak. 
 
 ' Gy^mi, Chhi. 
 
 '^ Gydrung, Yeyen, dachin. 
 
 ,j) Tdkpa, Gai. 
 
 Milnyak, Yi'c. 
 
 Thochd, Ddkan. 
 
 Sokpa, Ydb^ (?). 
 
 Horpa, Tashin, was/tin. 
 
 Tibetan {zaritten), . . Song, gro, gyu. 
 O L Tibetan [spo/an), . . . Gyo, song. 
 
 ' Serpa, ....... Gyok. 
 
 Siinw^r, Lau. 
 
 Gdrung, Ydd. 
 
 Miirmi, Ny^d, syego. 
 
 Magar, Nii ni. 
 
 Thdksya, Hero. 
 
 Pdkhya, B,dija. 
 
 Newir, Hon. 
 
 Limbu, Bege. 
 
 ' Kirinti, Kh&rd. 
 
 Rodong, A'ia,pung'sa. 
 
 Riingchenbung, . . . Khdra^ -ehinin? 
 Chhingtdngya, . . . Khdda. 
 
 Ndchhereng, .... Khdta. 
 
 Wiling, Khdra. 
 
 Ydkha, Khyd. 
 
 Chourisya, .... Levdsid. 
 
 Kulungya, .... Khdta. 
 
 Thulungya, .... DaKsa. 
 
 Bdhingya, Ldwo, Idse^ Idne.^ 
 
 Lohorong, .... Khdde, kkache,^ khane,^ 
 
 Lambichhong, . . . Khdda, khddachi^ khadani."^ 
 
 Bildli, Kheda,khedachi,'^khedanin.^ 
 
 Sdng-pdng, .... Khdtd,'^ ckini.^ 
 
 Diimi, Khochche. 
 
 Khdling, Khoche. 
 
 Dungmdli, .... Khdde. 
 
 Ddrhi, JdM. 
 
 Dcnwiir, Jd. 
 
 Pahri, Ldson. 
 
 Cliepdng, Caret. 
 
 Bhrdmu, Yengd, yenga. 
 
 Vdyu, Ldh'ld. 
 
 Kuswar, J^d, ndhin. 
 
 Kusunda, Dd. 
 
 Thdru, Jdjd. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Non. 
 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, . . Song. 
 
 I 
 
 
 (5 
 
 05 
 
 '^^ 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 1 
 
 ^ 
 
 s 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthcin Ndgil, 
 Tablung Ndgd 
 Khdri Ndgd, 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong' Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Kdmi, . . 
 Mrd v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon 
 Sgau-karen, 
 Pwo-karen, 
 Toungh-thu, 
 Shdn, . .' 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiiraij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, •''■"'=•> 
 Tamil, mod, 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydima, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karijdtaka, anc, 
 Karijdtaka, mod. 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I 
 K6ta, . . 
 Eadaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Thdm^. 
 
 Bade. 
 
 Jdbdr. 
 
 Lot. 
 
 Tung. 
 
 Chi/lo. 
 
 Tong. 
 
 Ani^si. 
 
 m. 
 
 Totachc. 
 Kdo. 
 
 Tsu, uiang. 
 Chcmiatig. 
 Gnpil gikangka. 
 Sd. 
 
 A'kend. 
 Wdn. 
 
 Swd, kwya. 
 
 Thwd, kyud. 
 
 Tsit. 
 
 Ld. 
 
 Ld. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Aara. 
 
 La\, h: 
 
 Lay. 
 
 Lway. 
 
 Kwa. 
 
 D/. 
 
 Pihk, pai, 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Pai, men. 
 
 Senoted, olted. 
 
 Sanoam.. 
 
 Chalahman. 
 
 Sanoman. 
 
 Kdld. 
 
 Dt'isendmi. 
 
 Ekd, kdld. 
 
 Hannogaima, handana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ponga. 
 
 Nalldkanjn. 
 
 Maba. 
 
 Voyindyare. 
 
 Po. 
 
 Jdyivi,jd. 
 
 Caret. 
 Pb. 
 Caret. 
 Po. 
 
 Povu, velju. 
 Caret. 
 Hbgu. 
 Popnna. 
 Po. 
 Caret. 
 Atfo. 
 At hogii. 
 A'te hogii. 
 A'tc hogu. 
 Bho. 
 Po. 
 Yanavd. 
 
 2 c 
 
202 
 
 ECOUTER— HOREN— HEAR— SLUSHAT— AUDIRE. 
 
 [chap. VI,— verbs. 
 
 
 So 
 
 ■■S 
 
 ft 
 
 Types. 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, 
 <!, (.Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 Thochu, 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (written) 
 _ Tibetan (s/aim), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Siinwdr, 
 Giirung, 
 Mdrmi, 
 ■ Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 ChhingtAngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Yiikha, . 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, ^ . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Palui, , . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, , . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 t 
 
 t 
 
 a. 
 
 <; 
 
 I 
 
 S'ru, dkarn. 
 Samaa. 
 
 Aditu, entziin. 
 Kuulen. 
 Hall. 
 Ishit. 
 Yaydoh. 
 Smenad. 
 Sonoskho. 
 Dontshime. 
 Ngrtmgti. 
 Mireng. 
 Dangar. 
 
 T'i7ig-kien. 
 
 T'ing-chien. 
 
 THng-k'in. 
 
 Ting. 
 
 T'ian. 
 
 Kiku. 
 
 Khafto, bingak. 
 
 Thyen. 
 Karnyou. 
 Nyan. 
 Khabe nt. 
 Kokshiistan. 
 Stinii. 
 Will min. 
 Nymi, gson. 
 Nyen. 
 
 Nycn. 
 
 Nyen. 
 
 Thed 
 
 Gncin. 
 
 Thandso. 
 
 Nagniiw. 
 
 Sitna. 
 
 Nyo. 
 
 Khepse, khepse. 
 
 Yenii. 
 Yenyt'i. 
 
 Yenii, etiu, enacliu, ' enaniim . ^ 
 Khein sa. 
 Yeiia. 
 Yen II. 
 Khep'sii. 
 Thokdtd. 
 Yenti. 
 Thyosa. 
 
 Nino, ninishe^ ninne} 
 Klieme; khemache ;'^ khein- 
 Khemsa. [amne.^ 
 
 Yenu. 
 Yenu. 
 
 m. 
 
 Nlye; nilye;'^ na niye."^ 
 Yene; yen'che;^ yenanum! ye? 
 
 Sunkare. 
 
 Sun. 
 
 Nyil 
 
 Sd'i. 
 
 Asoyo. 
 
 Hdnko, thdko. 
 
 Stmou. 
 
 Majtg'bo. 
 
 Stina. 
 
 Nyen. 
 Nyen. 
 
 "^ f 
 
 Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khand chong. 
 
 
 i' 
 
 Dhimdl, , . 
 
 
 
 Bin. 
 
 
 "^ 1 
 
 Kocch, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 f^^ 
 
 Garo, . . . 
 
 
 
 Natdnt. 
 
 
 ^ ; 
 
 Kdchdri, . . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Tao. 
 
 
 "fi 
 
 MfthdnNdgd, . 
 
 
 Athak. 
 
 
 ^ 
 ?■ 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Chai ha. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Jaugo. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, , 
 
 
 Silowe. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tdto. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Adshu. 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Angdng. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Tadtrapu. 
 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Tdttoka. 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Kanatori. 
 Ndngu. 
 
 
 "§ 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 Krd. 
 
 
 £ 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Kyd, nahtounthi. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Kayauk. 
 
 
 A 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Thdi. 
 
 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Thdi. 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 .Sdk, .... 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 f Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Kalan. 
 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 . Nahhu. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Nahgutig. 
 
 
 § 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Hetmg. 
 
 
 i- 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 . Htanlu. 
 
 
 tM ' 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 . Nghe. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Htawlon, dai ym. 
 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom 
 
 
 . Nyin. 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 Laos 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 Santdli, . . . 
 Bhumij, . . . 
 Urdon, . . . 
 Mundala, . . . 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 . Ngin. 
 , Nyin. 
 
 , Ayumted. 
 . Jaimman. 
 • JyAmman, 
 . Jyihnmatimego. 
 
 Mijnka. 
 . Jyoumemi. 
 . Mend. 
 
 Keinjana. 
 
 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^*^, 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 •^ ■ 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 is 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 Mddia, . . . 
 Kuri, .... 
 Keikddi, . . , 
 Khond, . . . 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 Chentsu, . , . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . . 
 Tamil, mod., , . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod,, 
 Telugu,; . . . 
 Karndtaka, anc. 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 . Caret. 
 . Kar, wei, 
 
 Venjdmu. 
 
 Anddngd. 
 . Vovo. 
 
 Keru, ketu. 
 
 Sun. 
 
 Caret. 
 . Kel. 
 . Caret. 
 . Kel. 
 
 Vimt. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ■§ 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 
 
 . laiu. 
 
 
 ^^, 
 
 Tiikiva, , . . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Kurgi, . , 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 f5 
 
 Toduva,' 
 Toda, 
 
 
 
 Caret. \yo 
 
 ■aiir. 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 Keith bine, vonatth 
 
 bine. 
 
 ''J 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kufumba, 
 Irula, . , 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 Vorutabe, voruttulle. 
 
 Kretine, voradine, kie. 
 . Kretine, voradine, kelu 
 , Kelke, ketukove. 
 . Kel. 
 . Ahanavd. 
 
 
CHAP. VI. — VERIiS.] 
 
 TUER— TODTEN— KILL— UBIT— NECARE. 
 
 203 
 
 ' Bodo, .... 
 
 . Shothdt. 
 
 Dhimdl, . , . 
 
 Se, shell. 
 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 , MiMaphahUiA. 
 
 Garo, .... 
 
 . Toktat. 
 
 Kdchdri, . , . . 
 
 . Shitaiig, shithatno, watno. 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . . . 
 
 . Hato-o, 
 
 MltUn Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Langdati. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . , 
 
 , Toi chi. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Yaksitogo. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 , Dukhiawe. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Rikvdto. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 . A' soke. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 1 A'seko, siyang. 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 . PApu, 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 . Dingketo. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Botechiro, 
 
 ^Singpho, . . . , 
 
 Satu. 
 
 ^ Burman {writtm), 
 
 . Sat. 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 . Thi/. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 . Tue. 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Dicrhummale. 
 
 Kdtni, 
 
 Piikhou. 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 . Tsa. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 . Mathi. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 . Mathi. 
 
 Toungh-tliu, . . . 
 
 . Matliay. 
 
 Shdn, . _ . . . . 
 
 . Onttihii. 
 
 Annamitic, . . . 
 
 Shem. 
 
 Siamese, . . . . 
 
 Outtihn, kfjd, au tai. 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 . Potai. 
 
 Klidmti, . . . . 
 
 , Au tai. 
 
 Laos, 
 
 , Khd. 
 
 •Ho(Kol), . . . 
 
 . Goited. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 . Margojokai. 
 
 Santdli, . . . . 
 
 GoidapoUmon. 
 
 Bhdmij, . . . . 
 
 Margagojiman. 
 
 Urdon, . . . . 
 
 Pitalchia. 
 
 Mimdala, . . . . 
 
 Mdrgoji. 
 
 Rdjmaliali, . . 
 
 . Pittd. 
 
 Gondi, . . . . 
 
 . Jaksivaiisti, jukkana. 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 . Caret 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 . Caret 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mddia,. . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 . Pranamcdu. 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 Vcsdmdhudu, 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 , Kilisibba. 
 
 Gadaba, . . . 
 
 , Abboye. 
 
 Yerukala, . . , 
 
 , Kolusu, kollu. 
 
 Chentsu, . , . 
 
 Marephcld, morcvalcyo. 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . 
 
 . . Kollu. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 . . Kolla. 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 . . Champu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 . . Kollu. 
 
 Tukiva, . . . 
 
 . . Caret. 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 . . Kollu. 
 
 Toduva,) . . 
 Toda, ; . . 
 
 . . Caret. \koddu. 
 
 . . Besht vers bini, birshkir^ 
 
 K6ta 
 
 . . Taverigdbe, tavarsi4ci.de. 
 
 Badaga, . . . 
 
 . . Koddaiie, kodd hoku. 
 
 Kurumba, . . 
 
 . . Koddane, koiidu hoku. 
 
 Iruia, .... 
 
 Kolluke, adidukove, kondu- 
 
 Malabar, . . . 
 
 . , Kollu. \kove. 
 
 Sinhalese,. . . 
 
 , . Maranavd. 
 
 Types. 
 
 •^ (Sanskrit, 
 f IArabic, . 
 
 ' Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 K 
 
 I 
 
 
 t 
 
 .■&- 
 
 4 
 
 i^ 
 
 
 S 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochd, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {writtm), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 
 Siinwdr, . 
 
 Giirung, . 
 
 Mdrmi, . 
 Magar, 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Han, badh, mri [mdrayati), 
 Katala. 
 
 II, eriotu, eriokatu, sarba- 
 
 Tapan. \skitu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Euldur. 
 
 Uikkey. 
 
 Wklav \_kr\. 
 
 Alakho. 
 Wame. 
 Matenni. 
 Mejahhi. 
 Bunoh. 
 
 Shdh. 
 
 Shd. 
 
 Shdt. 
 
 Sah. 
 
 TAi. 
 
 Korosii, koroshi. 
 
 Kasbo. 
 
 Sd. 
 
 Ndse. 
 
 Sold: 
 
 Nasya. 
 
 Taseh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tashe. 
 
 Shig sod, hgHm. 
 
 Se. 
 
 Syet. 
 
 Sat. 
 
 Thod, sed. 
 
 Sdt. 
 
 Gndp. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mdrideti. 
 
 Syd. 
 
 Sere. 
 
 Serti. 
 
 Setyii. 
 
 Sent, sera chu,^ sera num."^ 
 
 Sera. 
 
 Situ. 
 
 Seru. 
 
 Chenu, sisu. 
 
 Sydttd. 
 
 Setu, khoksyu. 
 
 Seda. 
 
 Sdto, satishe,^ saline."^ 
 
 Scde, sedache,^ sedamne^ 
 
 Sera. [thapta. 
 
 Sedi'i. 
 
 Situ. 
 
 Sede. 
 
 Sede, se chi,'^ se snaye.^ 
 
 Sede, sedechie,^ sernumye.'^ 
 
 Kdti-ik. 
 
 MdriU. 
 
 Pdli. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdto, aprito, aprito. 
 
 Sishto, yMto, 
 
 Hirkatk. 
 
 Wagddgo. 
 
 Mdr. 
 
 Sot. 
 Seh. 
 
 ft? 
 
 ft? 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 
204 
 
 RIRE—LACHEN— LAUGH— SMYEYATSYA—RIDERE. 
 
 [CHAP. VI.— VERBS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 •§, (Arabic, . 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, , 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan [written), 
 Tibetan (sj>okm), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 Sunwir, . . 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 Miirmi, , . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 I^cnwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chcpdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Has, smi, kakk. 
 Yiaheka. 
 
 barreegin, irri- 
 \_egin. 
 
 Farraegin. 
 
 Nauran. 
 
 Nevet. 
 
 Geul. 
 
 W\giczay. 
 
 Sitsili \tsir[. 
 
 Inyakho. 
 
 Indsheme. 
 
 Gtimiiyu. 
 
 Gemujeng. 
 
 Tertdva. 
 
 Siaou. 
 
 Hsiaou. 
 
 Sill. 
 
 Sian. 
 
 Cliio. 
 
 Wardu. 
 
 Makhebo. 
 
 Syo. 
 
 Kdiidre. , 
 
 Gyc. 
 
 Narir. 
 
 Daran. 
 
 Emm. 
 
 Khdkhe. 
 
 'Bgad. 
 
 Gd. 
 
 Gwet. 
 
 Ris. 
 
 Nyed. 
 
 Nyet. 
 
 Ret. 
 
 Gneto. 
 
 Has. 
 
 Nhyii. 
 
 Yere. 
 
 I'yd. 
 
 Riya, rya. 
 
 I'yd, isa. 
 
 Rcla. 
 
 Bliesa. 
 
 I'ya. 
 
 Yuttuchdya. 
 
 Rendd restd. 
 
 Gesa. 
 
 Risd. 
 
 Riso, rische^ risini.\ichafie.' 
 
 Yichae,ichoye,ichare,ichache,^ 
 
 Risa, risa chi,^risa m? \nin.^ 
 
 Yuchd, yucha chi^ yucha 
 
 Ghlsd, ghlsAchi,^ ghisd ni."^ 
 
 Reche. 
 
 Reche. 
 
 Rige, 
 
 Hansuk. 
 Bhyds, rhias. 
 NhUL 
 
 Nhischc, nhisa. 
 Ntiya. 
 
 Vsche, yesche. 
 Hdskou, haskou. 
 Nakydba. 
 Kdhasal. 
 
 Then. 
 Gd. 
 
 
 «5 
 
 J; 
 
 
 I 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman (written), 
 Burman {spoken), 
 Khyeng v. ShoU; 
 Kdmi, . , . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mni V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, 
 Bhiimij, . 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia,. . 
 Kuri, . . 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod, 
 Telugu,' . . , 
 Kar^idtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I 
 K6ta, . , 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 )> 
 
 Mini. 
 
 Leng. 
 
 Hdsinu, muskihasinu (to 
 
 Mini. [smile). 
 
 Miniyu mini thd dung. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Nik. 
 
 Nichi. 
 
 Manitli. 
 
 Nu. 
 
 Ngio. 
 
 MannU. 
 
 Mannii. 
 
 Nilodopil. 
 
 Yirda. 
 
 Hatukari. 
 
 Maniu. 
 
 Re. 
 Ye. 
 
 Anwi. 
 Manwi. 
 A'mnhwi. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Garihn. 
 
 Ne, nih. 
 
 Ni. 
 
 Nga. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 Ku'Vi. 
 
 Horau, hoaro. 
 
 Khru. 
 
 Kho. 
 
 Hdn, khoa. 
 
 Landeited, 
 
 Landaiman. 
 
 Ldndate, kheteldndate (iond), 
 
 Landai. [bhdbahte (titter). 
 
 Alikah. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 A'lkd. 
 
 ICav'itoni, kawana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sri. 
 
 ICakkumu. 
 
 Mdgndba. 
 
 Liti^do. 
 
 Sirild, chirike. 
 
 Hds. 
 
 Nagii. 
 
 Nagai. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chiri. 
 
 Navvu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nagu. 
 
 Tckpiina. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Karth bini, kari. 
 
 Karsibe, kdrje. 
 
 Naggedane, nege. 
 
 Nage. 
 
 Jirike, girkddu. 
 
 Sirippu. 
 
 Hinahavenavd. 
 
CHAP. VI.— verbs!] lever— ERHEBEN— lift up (Raise)— PODNIMAT—TOLLERE. 
 
 205 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■§ (Sanskj^iit, . . 
 "§, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, .... 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . . . 
 Turkish, . . , 
 Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 Mongolian, . . 
 Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, , 
 Malay, . . . . 
 
 
 .■&< 
 
 t 
 I 
 
 8 
 5^ 
 
 t 
 ■S. 
 
 J 
 
 ft5 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquia], , 
 Japanese, . . , 
 
 Brahuf, .... 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 
 Thochii, . . , 
 
 Sokpa, . . . , 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan [ivritten), 
 
 ^ Tibetan [spoken), . 
 
 Serpa, . . . . 
 
 Sdnwdr, . . . 
 
 Giirung, . . , 
 
 Milrmi, . . . 
 
 Magar, . . . 
 
 Thdksya, . . . 
 
 Pdkhya, . . . 
 
 Newdr, . . . 
 
 Limbu, . . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, . 
 
 Ndchhereng, . , 
 
 Wdling, . . , 
 
 Ydkha, . . . 
 
 Chourdsya, . , 
 
 Kulungya, . , 
 
 Thulungya, . . 
 
 Bdhingya, . . . 
 
 Lohorong, . . 
 
 Lambichhong, . 
 
 Bilili, . . . . 
 
 Sing-ping, . . 
 
 Diimi, . . . . 
 
 Khdling, . . . 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 fDdrhi, . . . . 
 
 Denwdr, . . . 
 
 Pahri 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 
 Bhrimu, . . . 
 
 Viyu, . . . 
 
 Kuswar, . . . 
 
 Kusunda, , . . 
 
 Thdru, . . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 [/Mt/, uchclihri. 
 Rafaa. 
 
 /aso, jasan, eregi, altza. 
 Nousen. 
 Caret. 
 Kalkdir. 
 Ettey. 
 Caret. 
 Ergogo. 
 Tukiyemc. 
 Jnngjung. 
 Jungjung. 
 Angkat. 
 
 Kii ki-lai. 
 Chu Ki-lai. 
 Kil hi-loi. 
 Kiii-chi-lc. 
 Kil ki-lai. 
 Ageru, iakaksiini. 
 
 Hef. 
 
 Mdyii. 
 Tayok. 
 Longna. 
 Dachi. 
 Tachi. 
 Wiira. 
 
 Rangke, rhdzi. 
 Hdegs, slon, snyob. 
 Khiir. 
 
 Khiir. 
 
 Pok. 
 
 Nod. 
 
 P-&yo. 
 
 Bii. 
 
 Thithonko. 
 
 Bok. 
 
 Lhon bu. 
 
 Pokhe, poke. 
 
 Khuyiic. 
 
 PMu, sandyu. 
 
 Thentu,^ num? 
 
 KMrA, thedak. 
 
 Thettu. 
 
 Thentu. 
 
 Khu, thendu. 
 
 Rotti. 
 
 Poka. 
 
 Phokd, kwaksd. 
 
 Rokto, roktise^ roktine.^ 
 
 Thepoge, thelente, theache^ 
 
 Koba, koplota. [theamne.^ 
 
 Thettu. 
 
 Thettu. 
 
 Thende. [fiaye.' 
 
 Thende, thendechie,'^ thendes- 
 
 Thende, thendechie^ then'de 
 
 Bokuk. ^'"'""y'- 
 
 Algdik'. 
 
 Biigno, bungo. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Uyogno, uyogo. 
 
 Reko. 
 
 Algaik. 
 
 TMinggwajo. 
 
 Uthd 0, lad. 
 
 Chiin. 
 Thii. 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 ■ Bodo, Bokhdng, boklop. 
 
 Dhimdl Lhopd. 
 
 Kocch, Uthyakonii. 
 
 Garo, Paicho. 
 
 Kdchdri, Caret. 
 
 ' Munipuri, Thdngalao. 
 
 Mfthcin Ndgd, . . . Lauko. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . Noh si. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, .... Chmigotso. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Tvpelc. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Tuons. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . Achoiigatoig. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Aiyoang. 
 
 Abor Miri, .... Ldssdpii. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Joivon. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . Lagaromni. 
 
 Singpho, Phonu. 
 
 Burman {written), . . Mhraiig, mhrok. 
 
 Burman (spo/cen), . . . Mhycii, mhyauk. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shoii, . . Yniikkc. 
 
 Kdmi Taklii'in. 
 
 Kiimi, Katdn. 
 
 Mni V. Toung, . . . Ca7-et. 
 
 Sdk, Caret. 
 
 Talain v. Mon, . . . Katoung. 
 
 Sgau-karen, .... SoHaw, hekd. 
 
 Pwo-karen, .... Tsohtong. 
 
 Toiingh-thu J^ya, you?ig. 
 
 Shin, Holikhen. 
 
 Annamitic, .... Len. 
 
 Siamese, Hounkhan, yok. 
 
 Ahom, Yok, tang. 
 
 Khdmti, Yo, yong. 
 
 Laos, Yd. 
 
 Ho (Kol) Caret. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . RiikMrnan. 
 
 Santdli, Beredate, tulate, rdkdpatc. 
 
 Bliilmij, U'thaibaitman. 
 
 Urdon, Chodd. 
 
 Mundala, Rimeini. 
 
 Rdjmahah, .... Chivd. 
 
 Gondi, Tehd. 
 
 Gayeti, Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, . . ' . . . Caret. 
 
 Naikude, Caret. 
 
 Kolami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi Caret. 
 
 Mddia, Caret. 
 
 Kuri, Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, Caret. 
 
 Khon(^, Densumu. 
 
 Sdvara, Lanka. 
 
 Gadaba, Letto. 
 
 Yerukala, Yedudu. 
 
 Chentsu, Tol. 
 
 Tamij, anc Merkol. 
 
 Tamil, mod Edu. 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, . , Caret, 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . . Etu. 
 
 Telugu, Ettu. 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, , . Caret. 
 
 Karijdtaka, mod., , . Ettu. 
 
 Tuluva, Diripana. 
 
 Kurgi, Caret. 
 
 Toduva, \ . . . . Caret. 
 
 Toda, J . . . . Tiiehsbine,mokversbine,ti'ic/i. 
 
 Kdta Yetti gabe, mekarse. 
 
 Badaga, Yettinet'&kine, tuku, bi. 
 
 Kunimba, .... Yettinetiikine, titku. 
 
 Irula, Yekkuke, tiikove. 
 
 Malabar, Uyarthu, thiikku, 
 
 Sinhalese, Ussanavd. 
 
206 SE MOUVOIR— SICH BEWEGEN— MOVE (WaLk)— KHODIT— MOVERE. [chap. VI.— verbs. 
 
 Types. 
 
 in 
 
 I (Sanskrit, 
 "^ (Arabic, , 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 Turkish, . 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 & 
 
 t^ 
 
 ,?:. 
 
 <; 
 
 "Si 
 
 5 
 
 c3 
 
 I 
 
 5 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Minyak, . 
 Thochu, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 _ Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Sunwdr, . 
 Gurung, . 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thaksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirinti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rungchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Ndchhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . ■ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, , 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 Balili, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Diimi, , . 
 
 Khiling, . 
 
 Dungmili, 
 
 f Ddrhi, , . 
 Denw£tr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 Bhutdni v. Lhopa, . 
 
 Chai, sri, i, char, gam, krain, 
 Maslia. 
 
 Ibilli. 
 Kdyn. 
 Yar. 
 Yiini. 
 Card. 
 Caret. 
 Jabokho. 
 SutsJmme. 
 Limidku. 
 Lumampah. 
 Jdlan. 
 
 Hing-tsau. 
 
 Hsing-tsau. 
 
 Hang-to. 
 
 Dung, tseii. 
 
 Kian. 
 
 A lit hi, aruki. 
 
 Chiring. 
 
 Chii, chhi. 
 
 Yeycn, yachin. 
 
 Gai. 
 
 Yu. 
 
 DdkaH. 
 
 A'hyar ydbo. 
 
 Tashin. 
 
 yigro. 
 
 Gyo. 
 
 Dong. 
 Gdk. 
 Ydy. 
 Broil. 
 Wha ni. 
 Hero. 
 Hat. 
 
 Nyd, htm. 
 Bege. 
 
 Biyd. 
 
 Pong sa, lamtya. 
 
 Lam di'tma, biya.^ 
 
 B/idna. 
 
 Ldmdlvia. 
 
 Biya. 
 
 Ldma. 
 
 Hdltd. 
 
 Ldmdi'tma. 
 
 Ldmdiya. \_ki?te,^ 
 
 Gwakko,gwakshe,^gwa- [ne.^ 
 
 Ldmdi'ime, lamdache,^ lamda 
 
 Phana,ladma,phanachi^-ni. " 
 
 Duma, dumachi,^ duma nin.^ 
 
 Londuma, bi, tandchini. 
 
 Ldmtlit'ilo. 
 
 Ldmthiiye. 
 
 Ldmtiitne. 
 
 Hidiik. 
 
 Choi. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Whd, whdsa. 
 
 Syo, jewa. 
 
 Khokche. 
 
 Non. 
 
 Aban. 
 
 Chal. 
 
 Non, di. 
 Dyi't, 
 
 I 
 
 U 
 r 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 a 
 
 8 
 
 ■« 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 4 
 
 Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, , 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . , 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, . 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 ' Burman (written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, , . . 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 Mru v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Men. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 Ahom, . . . 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhura), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Midi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 Yemkala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . , 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamij, mod., 
 Malaydjma, anc. 
 Malaydima, mod, 
 Telugu, . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod, 
 Tujuva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, I" 
 K6ta, . . 
 Badaga, , 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, . 
 
 Tho, thdng, thdbdi. 
 
 Ti, hade. 
 
 Cholinu. 
 
 Ldi. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Chulo. 
 
 Tong, khd. 
 
 Angsi. 
 
 Bong chwa. 
 
 Tothe. 
 
 Choo, khuams. 
 
 Asdmataur, 
 
 Asambat. 
 
 lokoda. 
 
 Giimandak. 
 
 Kerurini. 
 
 Thotu, damu. 
 
 'he, kwya. 
 
 Le, kyud. ^ 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kyay. 
 
 Laitah, ghai. 
 
 Tsaing, ghai. 
 
 Lay. 
 
 Layyi't. 
 
 Y>idao. 
 
 Htaro, dun. 
 
 Kd. 
 
 Pai. 
 
 Men. 
 
 Senoted. 
 
 Sanoman. \_senohte. 
 
 Tdddmate, chdldhte, ddndte, 
 
 Dhpldbiisanoman. 
 
 Gticha. 
 
 Sendmi. 
 
 Sakrd (?). 
 
 Takd, takana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nadu. 
 
 Kujindmu.. 
 
 Yirba. 
 
 Vamsu. 
 
 Nadd. 
 
 Tzo. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Na4a. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nadaila, 
 
 Naduchu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Na4e. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nadedersh bini, at nar. 
 
 Na4egabe, nade. 
 
 Nadedane, nade. 
 
 Nadedane, nqde. 
 
 Na4ake, na4andu kove. 
 
 Nadamdduthal, na4ei. 
 
 Avindinavd. 
 
CHAP. VI,— VERBS.] 
 
 COURRIR— RENNElsr— RUN— BYEJAT— CURRERE. 
 
 207 
 
 & 
 
 Types. 
 
 00 
 
 &5 
 
 •^ 
 
 h 
 
 } 
 
 4 
 
 I 
 
 J 
 I 
 «5 
 
 •| (Sanskrit, 
 -I ^Arabic, 
 
 Bask, . 
 
 Finnic, 
 
 Magyar, 
 
 Turkish, 
 
 Circassian, 
 
 Georgian, 
 
 Mongolian, 
 
 Mantshu, 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 Gydrung; 
 Td.kpa, 
 Mdnyak, 
 Thochil, 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan {written) 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . 
 Sdnwdr, 
 Gdrung, 
 Miirmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kir^nti, 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 Rdngchenbung, 
 
 Chhingtingya, 
 
 Nichhereng, 
 
 Wdling, . 
 
 Y^kha, . 
 
 Chour^sya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 Ddmi, . 
 
 Khiling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 V^yu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Dhdv, du, dru, ramh, 
 Rakacfa. SJ ighraiit-chal. 
 
 Eyatu, lasteregin, korri, 
 
 Juoksen. \eyakajoan. 
 
 Szalad. 
 
 Kosh. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Galtsawad. 
 
 Sndshume. 
 Lumdyn. 
 Lumajer. 
 Ldri. 
 
 P'doH. 
 
 Fdou. 
 
 Tsau. 
 
 Fail. 
 
 Chdu. 
 
 Kakeru, faskiri. 
 
 Halmak. - 
 
 Thewo. 
 
 JDanargyM. 
 
 Pshet. 
 
 Tachimoyi'i. 
 
 JDddran. 
 
 Th'&r keng. 
 
 Tamgyo. 
 
 ^yug. 
 
 Gyiige, chong. 
 
 Chong. 
 
 Plok. 
 
 Dhid. 
 
 Ydr. 
 
 Yani. 
 
 Gninahero. 
 
 Phaldla. 
 
 Bwd. 
 
 Lokte, lokte. 
 
 Loyd. 
 Wona. 
 
 Lwdya, loya. 
 Pineda. 
 Bal'sa. 
 Lora. 
 Liik'ia. 
 Prokdtd. 
 BMsa. 
 Wdnda. 
 
 Wdnno, wanshe^ wanne.'^ 
 Pine, pineache^ pinane!^ 
 PiHda, pinchi^ -ni? 
 Phina,phinachi, ^phinanin. ^ 
 Bhiisa, bh'&sa,'^ chini? 
 Ghtire. 
 Ghdre. 
 Rode. 
 
 Diigaruk. 
 
 Dugar. 
 
 Kenggno, keingo, kenggo. 
 
 Ki kisa. 
 
 Gegweya. 
 
 L&ngche. 
 
 Dhou. 
 
 Gorgowoto. 
 
 Dhdba. 
 
 Deung. 
 Pdn kyap. 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 CO 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 'Bodo, . . 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 Kdchdri, . 
 
 Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Nc^gd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 Burman {written), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Mrd v, Toung, 
 
 Lsdk, . . . 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 Bhdniij, . . 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 Gad aba, . . 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydjma, mod 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod. 
 Tujuva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, ) 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iru]a, . . 
 Malabar, . 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 X/wt, khdt (flee). 
 Dhd.p, khat (flee). 
 Dowrinu, bhdginu (flee). 
 Talok. 
 Caret. 
 
 Chelo. 
 Rikle. 
 Phal chi. 
 Sentekiva. 
 Mhathcle. 
 Chuano. 
 Sdtnawamig. 
 A'dsambat. 
 Diikpil 
 Di(pdan4ak. 
 Jononinl. 
 Gagdtu. 
 
 Pre. 
 
 Pye. 
 
 Chone. 
 
 Awhl. 
 
 Lei. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Garitaa. 
 Kha, hkhii. 
 Tsaingt' laing. 
 Law. 
 Lenkwa. 
 Shay. 
 
 Wenpihn, wing pi. 
 Paikhan. 
 Len. 
 Len pai. 
 
 Nirted. 
 
 Niriman. 
 
 Daildate, gatarate, khdmas- 
 
 Durman. [diite (causal). 
 
 Bonga. 
 
 Lirmi. 
 
 Bonga. 
 
 Vittana bittd. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Wodu. 
 
 Gydhaniu. 
 
 Nadam. 
 
 T>ugga. 
 
 Vodii. 
 
 Beg 
 
 Caret. 
 Odii, woda. 
 Caret. 
 Otu. 
 
 Parigettu, uruku. 
 Caret. 
 Wbdu. 
 Pdruna. 
 Wbdu. 
 Caret. 
 Vddu, vor. 
 Vose, ate vodu. 
 Vadu, vodu. 
 Vadu, vodu. 
 Vodipoke, vodu. 
 Oduthal. 
 Duvauavd, 
 
208 
 
 SE TAIRE— SCHWEIGEN— BE SILENT— MOLCHAT-TACERE. 
 
 CHAP. VI. — VERBS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 % 
 
 'Bodo, Srithd 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, .... Tilshmm-bhi'i, maunam-kri. 
 
 §1 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Chikdpahi, mddop. 
 Chiiphonu. 
 
 %^ (Arabic, . . , 
 
 
 
 Sakata. 
 
 (tj 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 
 . Tdfchilip tong. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 
 
 Isil, ijil, ijildu. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Waikeimi. 
 
 
 ■ Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •-si 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 S> 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Suz. 
 
 !> 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Tukurd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Dadumebad (dum). 
 
 "^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Chasibale. 
 
 t 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Ssam baikho. 
 
 1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 t3 
 
 Mantshu, , 
 
 
 
 Tchip bime. 
 
 5 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 . Manakazong. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Menneg. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ayoksulang. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Kendel. 
 
 i 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 . A'sopii. 
 
 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Diam. 
 
 ■S 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 J'sopa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 . Puh-y'aou-cKuh-shiiig. 
 . Mi'i-ydmi-cJi u-sheng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Turucha. 
 Temdingau. 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Mok-cli ut-sheng. 
 
 
 ' Burman (xvritteu), 
 
 
 . Titchhitnc. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Veh-hidng. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman [spoken), . 
 
 
 Tciksheikne. 
 
 ■^5 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Cheng. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 . Mhe. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Damateru. 
 
 h' 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Onvo. 
 
 
 
 
 
 :« 
 
 Kumi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Mnl V. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■ Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Qiidpotho. 
 
 h 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 K 
 
 Gydrung, 
 
 
 
 
 . Ndk chun. 
 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 
 Monkanoukkanouk. 
 
 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 
 
 
 . Thomd. 
 
 sj 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Obwah. 
 
 M£nyak, 
 
 
 
 
 . Thathadyu. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . 
 
 
 Aukkser. 
 
 '<s 
 
 Thoch^, 
 
 
 
 
 'R.sgdsta7i, dzuk kochin. 
 
 g 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Hnging. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 
 
 
 
 . A'h md hopchhi. 
 
 
 Shdn, ..... 
 
 
 Yuhlsithlsit. 
 
 Horpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Ydgiizi. 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Ninlang. 
 
 1 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 
 Khrog. 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Nenru, ning yu. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan istokmY . 
 
 
 CMm. 
 
 % 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Suptnu. 
 
 
 
 
 =0 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Yu tsip tsip. 
 
 
 Serpa, .... 
 
 
 . Khdrd. 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Dak dak yd. 
 
 
 Sdnvvdr, 
 
 Gurung, 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 Magar, 
 
 ThSiksya, 
 
 Pdkhya,. 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 ■ Kirdnti, 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 . Pdlo mapau. 
 
 Tdya pun. 
 . KMyi't. 
 . Md chdk. 
 . Lhemthalo. 
 
 CJwclura. 
 
 Siimu khd chon. 
 
 Swdte. 
 
 Manchebda. 
 . Maichepda, chyoma. 
 
 1 
 
 f Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singh 
 Santdlj, 
 Bhiimij, 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 bhum). 
 
 
 Happanted. 
 
 Hdpauman. 
 
 Gudamohte, kodamordihte. 
 
 Hapiakanman. 
 
 Amha kachnekrah. 
 
 Happd. 
 
 Asli'ibehd. 
 
 Jmmakammeneman. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Wdiuidiyugnd, tnanchehdda. 
 
 1" 
 
 Naikude, , 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Clihingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 . IVdycb. 
 
 •fc 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 iQ 
 
 Ndchlicrcng, . 
 
 
 
 Wdhc. 
 
 ^J 
 
 Mddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 I 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Wdycp. 
 
 
 Mddia, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Swdk wdya. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 
 
 
 . Lhd 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 a. 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Wait wdya. 
 
 
 Khond, . 
 
 
 
 Kinni jdminnu. 
 
 ^' 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 
 
 
 Liba. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Kadangdmd. 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 
 
 
 Libabwakko. 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 
 
 Vayisodukka. 
 
 "o 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 ChicMiye, yonge. \jiannin? 
 
 
 Yerukala, . 
 
 
 
 Sumina, tsummateyirit. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Iii chendn^inchenan chi,^inche 
 
 
 _ Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Ttsuperaho, tsupparo. 
 
 *<! 
 
 Bdldli, . . . 
 
 
 
 Chichuwet, chichtmtietech. * 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc. 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Waiwaiti'iwa. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . . , 
 
 
 Summdviru, aniai. 
 
 
 Dumi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Libdmo. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Klidling, _ . , 
 
 
 
 Leba. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., . 
 
 
 Minddthiru, nriydddthiru. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, . . 
 
 
 
 Mdncheptdyc. 
 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 
 Ura({u. 
 
 1 
 
 Ddrhi, .... 
 Denwdr, . . . 
 Pahri, .... 
 
 
 
 Junborauk. 
 Punsdrhd. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 Karndtaka, mod., . 
 
 
 Caret 
 Summaneyira. 
 
 
 
 Sundnchon. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tuluva, . . 
 
 
 
 Manipantippuna. 
 
 
 Chepdng, . . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . . 
 Vdyu, .... 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mdpc, mdkhalc. 
 T/ulit, gyungponchc. 
 Mdmdborou, mamaborou. 
 
 r 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j . 
 K(5ta, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 Bokkiru, bokir. 
 Bheve, pakiru. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 Abdgdnebin. 
 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 
 
 Sdmagiru, sappenini, japa- 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdrii, . . . . 
 
 
 
 Chvpraho. 
 
 
 Ku rumba, 
 
 
 
 Symaniru, sx'nnagiru. [nirit. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Iruja, . . . 
 
 
 
 Sunima iru, vmniadeiru. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Sahnd. 
 
 
 Malabar, , . 
 
 
 
 Summayiru, 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. 
 
 Lhopa 
 
 L, . 
 
 
 Khdclmm. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 
 
 Navatinavd. 
 
CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] S'ASSEOIR— SICH SETZEN— SIT DOWN— SADITSYA— CONSIDERE. 
 
 209 
 
 Types. 
 
 t 
 
 r Bodo, Jo, choo. 
 
 ■•| (Sanskrit, 
 4 (.Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 . A's, sad, npavis'f nishad. 
 . Jalasa, 
 
 1 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 Yong. 
 Bosinu, 
 Abak. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Eserri, Jarri, jasarri, 
 Isttin, 
 
 'k 
 
 Kdchdri, , 
 ' Munipiiri, 
 
 
 
 Jhobaijonai. 
 Phiimo. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Ul. 
 
 •V,' 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Ngodati. 
 
 & 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Obur. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Umchi. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Uskhaiishi. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Majrio. 
 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Dajdomad (ziv). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Bache. 
 
 f 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Sagokho. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
 
 
 Tongo. 
 
 c3 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Teme. 
 
 1' 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Mandkarii. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Limggjih. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tcngsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Mniina/ig. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Lenggah. 
 
 ? 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 Di'ipii. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 DMuk. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Dtitoka. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Tso-hid. 
 Tso-hsid. 
 
 =^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, , 
 ^ Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Dudurini. 
 £>t'mgu. 
 
 ^5 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Tso-hd. 
 
 -<5 
 
 s 
 
 ' Burman {zvrUten), 
 
 
 Thaing. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Zu-o-chi. ' 
 
 1 
 
 Burman {spoken), . 
 
 
 Thaitig, hUhnthi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Che. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Ngt'mgc. 
 
 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Swaru. 
 
 *• 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Kanu. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kiimi, . . 
 
 
 
 Tat. 
 
 Brahul, . . 
 
 
 
 Tiilluk. 
 
 1 
 
 Mrd V. Toun^ 
 
 J • 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Cho. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^ 
 
 ^ Sdk, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Gyirung, . . 
 
 
 
 Ndnen. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mo 
 
 ^? ' 
 
 
 Khagyo. 
 
 Jl 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 7M. 
 
 ..; 
 
 .Sgau-karen, 
 
 
 
 'Snnaiu, tshcnoh. 
 
 
 Mdnyalc, . . 
 
 
 
 Naijeu. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karcn, 
 
 
 
 I'siiriiniig. 
 
 '■s 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 
 Ajon. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 
 
 Unglan. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 So. 
 
 r^ - 
 
 Shdn, . . 
 
 
 
 Nanyii. 
 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Unzun, wanzi'm. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, 
 
 
 
 Ngoi. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (^written), 
 
 
 
 -Hdiig. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 Nan, nang. 
 
 s. 
 
 Tibetan {spoken). 
 
 
 
 Deh. 
 
 8 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 
 
 
 Nang. 
 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . 
 
 
 
 Nang. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Det. 
 
 
 Laos, . . 
 
 
 
 Nang. 
 
 ■s 
 
 Sdnwdr, , 
 Gtirung, . 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Bdk. 
 Tidh. 
 Tyii. 
 Nii nd. 
 
 
 ■ Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 Santdli, , 
 
 um). 
 
 
 Di'ibted. 
 
 Dubman. 
 
 Dudapate, bethdrate, edhehte 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bhilmij, . 
 
 
 
 Dtinibkanntan. [(sit on 
 U'kha. [haunches). 
 Dumi. 
 
 i 
 
 Thiksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 
 T&pa. 
 JBasa. 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 Mundala, . 
 
 
 
 f 
 
 Newir, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 
 
 
 
 Phe id. 
 Vting ne. 
 
 YMgd. 
 Ytigna, higna. 
 
 1 
 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 Gayeti, 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 
 
 Oka. 
 
 Uddaniga, iiddana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Yiigtia. 
 
 1 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 Yiiba. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 c^ 
 
 Nichhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Tyiiwa. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, . , 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Wiling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Yugna. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 YAgna. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourisya, 
 
 
 
 
 Bdkstd. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 
 
 
 Ukka. 
 
 53, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Tiiwa. 
 
 
 Kliond, •. 
 
 
 
 Kukkumn. 
 
 8'' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Gainsa. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 
 
 Gobd. 
 
 tj 
 
 Bdhingya, . 
 
 
 
 
 Nisyo, nische} nisine? 
 
 
 Gadaba, . 
 
 
 
 Vaisd. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 Fene, pache^ pane.^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, . 
 
 
 
 Vukkd, vukkdrindiri. 
 
 1 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 Yiigitd, yugnachi^ yugnani."^ 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Bos. 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 Pehyiisa, peyusachi^ peyusa- 
 . T'&wd, -chi,^ -ni.'^ \nin.^ 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod,, 
 
 
 
 Udkd. 
 
 Udkdru, ulukkdru. 
 
 
 Diimi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Mo. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 
 
 
 Gndche. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 
 
 Jlachchu. 
 
 
 ^ Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 Yiigne. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 . Kurchnndu. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwir, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Viyu, . , 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Basuk. 
 Bas. 
 
 Kujungchon. 
 
 MAsche, musa. 
 
 Miikd. 
 
 Mosche, 
 
 Basou. 
 
 Bhingwoto. 
 
 Batik. 
 
 .9 
 
 1 
 
 Kar^dtaka, ai 
 Karijdtaka, m 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva, ) 
 Toda, 1 
 Kdta, . . 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruja, . . 
 
 ic, 
 od., 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ktitu kollu. 
 . Kullona. 
 . Yele. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Neshkir, 
 . K'&sure, Mkiru, 
 
 Kuli, hitiru. 
 
 Kuli, h'ltiru, kntuko. 
 
 Kuhtve, iikandu kove. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Gndn. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Iru. 
 
 
 Bhiitini v. Lh 
 
 op; 
 
 I, . 
 
 
 JDeu. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese,, 
 
 
 
 . Indagannavd. 
 
 2 D 
 
2IO 
 
 DORMIR—SCHLAFEN— SLEEP— SPAT— DORMIRE, 
 
 [CHAP. VI. — VERBS. 
 
 Types. 
 
 if 
 
 ■S (Sanskrit, . . 
 
 >§, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 Bask, . . . 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 b;-3 Turkish, . . 
 
 ^ Circassian, . . 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 ■S- Mongolian, . . 
 
 (J Mantshu, . . 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, . 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 h 
 
 'S, 
 
 % 
 
 G 
 
 '■n 
 
 I 
 
 5 
 
 ' Gydrai, . . 
 
 Gydrung, . . . 
 
 TAkpa, . . 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, 
 
 Sokpa, . . . , 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 Tibetan {writien), 
 Tibetan (spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . . , 
 
 Siinwir, . . , 
 
 Gurang, . . . 
 
 Murmi, . . 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 Thdksya, . 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . . 
 Riingchenbung, , 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhcreng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, . , 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, . . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 Bdldli, ... 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 Ddnii, ... 
 Khdling, . . 
 DuMgnuili, 
 
 Ddrhi, ... 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, ... 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . . 
 Vdyu, . . . . 
 Kusvvai", . . . 
 Kusunda, . . . 
 Thdru,. . . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Blnitdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Swap, nidrd, s'i, swapnam- 
 Ndnia. \J^n- 
 
 Loegin, loakartu, loizan. 
 
 Makaan. 
 
 Alud. 
 
 Uyn. 
 
 Tshlya/t, 
 
 Mdsinaos {dzhi). 
 
 Uintacho. 
 
 Amkhamc. 
 
 Tuni. 
 
 Tilein. 
 
 Tidor. 
 
 Shwid-kiaoii. 
 
 Shui-chiaou. 
 
 Faii-kiu. 
 
 Kivan, kwang-kaii. 
 
 K'iin. 
 
 Neimt. 
 
 Khachak. 
 
 Swikyor. 
 Kormari . 
 Nyet. 
 Khaiya/t. 
 A'nan. 
 Wumtha. 
 Gurgyim. 
 Nyan. 
 Nye, 
 
 Nyol. 
 
 rp. 
 
 Rod. 
 
 Gnung. 
 
 Mis. 
 
 Nhiiko. 
 
 Saira. 
 
 Dyon. 
 
 Ipse. 
 
 Imsd. 
 
 Im'sa, imsana. 
 
 Im'sa. 
 
 Tpsa. 
 
 Im'sa. 
 
 Im'sa. 
 
 Ip'sa. 
 
 Glomtd. 
 
 Im'sa. 
 
 A'm'sa. 
 
 Ip'po, ipse^ ipine.^ 
 
 Pme, imache^ immane.'' 
 
 Im'sa, imsachi,^ iiiisani} 
 
 Ip'cha, ipchasi^ ipchanin!^^ 
 
 Ipsa, ipsachi^ ipsanH' 
 
 Am'si. 
 
 A/ii'si. 
 
 Im'sc. 
 
 SiUiik. 
 
 Si'a. 
 
 Dyi'm. 
 
 ■ Emche, ycmsa. 
 
 Ndiva. 
 
 Im'clie. 
 
 Sutou. 
 
 Iptu (causal ?). 
 
 Sutali. 
 
 Dd. 
 Nye. 
 
 §5 
 
 
 ft5 
 
 
 h 
 S 
 
 'Bodo, .... 
 
 
 
 MudMdng, mudt'i. 
 
 Dhimdl, . . . 
 
 
 
 Jun, 
 
 Kocch, . . . 
 
 
 
 Siiibar. 
 
 Garo, .... 
 
 
 
 Gur. 
 
 JCdchdri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mudubai. 
 
 ■ Munipuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Hibo. 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Jipdau. 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Chunshi. 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 
 Ipigili. 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Zii. 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Jupo. 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Annanil. 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Annii. 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Iddo. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Yum. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 
 
 Yumgari?ii. 
 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Yupu. 
 
 ' Burman {^written), 
 
 
 Ip. 
 
 Burman [spoken), . 
 
 
 Elk. 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 rp. 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 I. 
 
 Kiimi, . . . 
 
 
 
 I. 
 
 Mril V. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Tet. 
 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Ml, mill. 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Mi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Ping 
 
 Shdn, . . • 
 
 
 
 Nonn. 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Ngu. 
 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 Nona, lap. 
 
 Ahom, . 
 
 
 
 Non. 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 Non, nap. 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Non, lap. 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 
 
 
 Gitited. 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 '), 
 
 
 Gitiman. 
 
 Santdli, . . 
 
 
 
 Gitihte, jdpihte, kukujohte, 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 
 
 Gitijum. 
 
 uskupuskuhte 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 
 
 Khdndara. 
 
 (snooze). 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 
 
 Diirong. 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 
 
 Kdndrd. 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 Sungji, narmana. 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Kol ami, Caret. 
 
 Mddi, . . . Caret. 
 
 Mddia, . . . Caret. 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 
 
 
 Tungu. 
 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Dohumu. 
 
 Sdvara, . . 
 
 
 
 Di'mebd. 
 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Eyyd. 
 
 Yerukala, . . 
 
 
 
 Tuggudayi, varugu. 
 
 Chentsu, . . 
 
 
 
 St'il, sutiydr. 
 
 'Tamil, anc, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Tiiiigu. 
 
 Malaydhna, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Malaydjma, mod,, 
 
 
 Uraiigiigii, tiiiig/igii. 
 
 'I'elugu, . . . 
 
 
 Toiigundu, 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Nidde mddii. 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Nidriidupuna. 
 
 Kurgi, . . .. 
 
 
 
 Varaku. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, J 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Vorchlh bin, vorgiiie, vorg. 
 
 Kdta, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pat keiie, voraga. 
 
 Badaga, . , 
 
 
 
 Voragine, voragu. 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Voragine, nidre madu. 
 
 Iruja, . . . 
 
 
 
 Roinbuve, kadandukove, ka- 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 
 
 Nelthirei. \danduko. 
 
 Sinhalese, . . 
 
 
 
 . Niddgannavd. 
 
 
CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 
 
 PARLER—SPRECHEN— SPEAK— GOVORIT—LOQUI. 
 
 2 J I 
 
 Types. 
 
 (3 
 
 Bodo, Jiai. 
 
 ■| (Sanskrit, .... Vach, vad, bhdsh, dlap. 
 
 
 Dhimcil, . 
 ICocch, 
 
 
 
 Dop. 
 Bolinu. 
 
 % (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 Takallama. 
 
 "^l 
 
 Garo, . 
 
 
 
 Brot, borot. 
 
 ^ 
 
 'Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, . . 
 
 
 
 Itzegin, berbegin, mintzoizan. 
 Saiion. 
 
 ^' 
 
 ^ Kdchdri, . 
 ' Munipiiri, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Haio. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Beszelszol. 
 
 -^' 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 ICdh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . . 
 
 
 
 Senile. 
 
 §0 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Tdh. 
 
 1 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Tighadshas. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 
 Ailiushang. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 W/aparakob {tibn). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Pusichc. 
 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Kekgu. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Thi'i. 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Leoleme. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Shang. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Ntitur. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Si/ang. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Wichanten. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 
 Liipii. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Kdta. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 
 Salute. 
 
 
 ■ Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Kiang. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 ^Singpho, .... 
 
 
 Icharini. 
 S^u. 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Chiang. 
 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 c* 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Kong. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman (written), 
 
 
 Pro, chho. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Pdh-woh. 
 
 
 Burman (spoken), . . 
 
 
 Pyo, ^ ho, pyanhtso. 
 
 >^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese. . . 
 
 
 Kong. 
 Hanasu, itt. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 Kdmi, 
 
 
 Hdwe. 
 Tape. 
 
 v. .. - / - 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 Kiirai,' . . 
 
 
 
 Thai. 
 
 Brahuf, . . 
 
 
 
 Pdrak. 
 
 "1 
 
 Mrd V. Tounj 
 
 r 
 
 jj * 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 fc 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 V.' 
 
 Gydmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gydrung, 
 Tdkpa, 
 
 
 
 
 Tachen. 
 Sydt. 
 
 s 
 
 ' Talain v. Moi 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 
 1, . , 
 
 
 Hankai. 
 
 ICto, tathnthah. 
 
 •0 
 
 1 ' 
 Mdnyak, 
 
 
 
 
 Thadyu. 
 
 1 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 lUaing. 
 
 ."u 
 
 Thochii, 
 
 
 
 
 Kwor, Mrr. 
 
 % 
 
 Toungh-thu, 
 
 
 
 Ungdau. 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . 
 Horpa, 
 Tibetan (w 
 
 ritteii). 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Napsheh, tayin. 
 'Brjod, smros. 
 
 a. 
 
 h 
 
 Shdn, . . 
 Annamitic, 
 Siamese, . 
 
 
 
 Sat. 
 Noi. 
 Hutsa, phut, 
 
 T> 7 
 
 s 
 
 ^ Tibetan {spoken], 
 ' Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Lap {sap ?). 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . 
 Laos, . . 
 
 
 
 Bolt. 
 Wd. 
 Pali. 
 
 1 
 
 Siinwdr, 
 Gurung, 
 
 
 
 
 Bdk. 
 Caret. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), 
 Kol (Singhbh 
 
 um), . 
 
 
 Kajited. 
 ICajiman. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Milrmi, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Santdii, . 
 
 
 
 Mcntc, radate khdSkdete 
 
 1 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 T'ydto. 
 
 
 Bhdmij, . 
 
 
 
 Kajiman. 
 
 '(whisper). 
 
 ■Vl 
 
 Thdksya, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 
 
 Kachnekrah. 
 
 gdlammardilte 
 
 t 
 
 Pdkhya, 
 
 Newdr, 
 
 Limbu, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Nava. 
 Pdre. 
 
 
 Mundala, . 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 ICajemi. 
 Auda. 
 Bdrdmanke, ' 
 
 (gossip). 
 wurkana. 
 
 
 ' Kirdnti, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, 
 
 
 
 
 Chewa, pul'sa. 
 
 Rutluk, . 
 
 
 
 Caret, 
 
 1 
 
 Rdngchenbting, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 Wdling, . . 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Chewd, khdngmeu. 
 
 Chewa. 
 
 Nina. 
 
 Chewa. 
 
 Chekta. 
 
 1 
 
 Naikude, . 
 Kolami, . 
 Mddi, . . 
 Mddia, 
 Kuri, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, . 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 LohoronET. 
 
 
 
 Bdkstd. 
 
 Nina. 
 
 Jesa. 
 
 Bo'ho, bwakko {-se,'^ -ine'^). 
 
 Yammuse {-niache,^, -mane^). 
 
 
 Keikddi, . 
 Khond, . 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . 
 Yerukala, . 
 
 
 
 Pesu. 
 
 Katdgehdmu. 
 Birddna. 
 Sammeva. 
 Vdtesula, vesetalld. 
 
 3 
 
 JLJ V^*iiN-/i v.* 4-* *^ J ■ 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Chega, chegachi,^ chegani."^ 
 
 
 Chentsu, . 
 
 
 
 Kathhdko, kathlid. 
 
 K 
 
 ^ 
 
 BdMli, . . . 
 Sdng-ping, . 
 
 
 
 PdklUs, puklusachi,^ puklu- 
 Nind, -chi,^ -ni.^ [sa7tin.'^ 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Pesu. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Je. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . . 
 
 
 
 /eye. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 
 Paraya, samsdrikka. 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 Chebe. 
 
 
 Telugu,' . . . 
 
 
 Mdtlddu. 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 s 
 
 Ddrhi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Borduk. 
 
 .« 
 
 Karndtaka, mod,, 
 
 
 Mdtddu. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 Sarha. 
 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Pater puna. 
 
 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chep^ng, . . 
 
 
 
 Lhd. 
 
 Nhosche, nhosa. 
 
 1' 
 
 Ku'rgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, 1 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Takpare. 
 Caret. 
 
 i 
 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 V^yu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Khaldwa. 
 
 It' {ito) ; dawahot, hot {bdto). 
 
 ^ 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 Eshth bini, arversh blni, 
 Mansbe, mdnivo, [arvor. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 Kusunda, . . 
 Th^ru, . . . 
 
 
 
 Barou, ghanoti. 
 
 Pwdktoba. 
 
 Bolai. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 
 
 Nudi dane, niAtddine, nudi. 
 Matadu, nudi, 
 Peshike, pesu. 
 
 
 Lepcha (S 
 Bhiltdni V. 
 
 kkim) 
 Lhop 
 
 1, 
 
 
 Li. 
 Lap. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 . Pesu. 
 
 Kathdkaranavd'. " 
 
212 
 
 SE TENIR DEBOUT—STEHEN— STAND UP— VSTAT— STARE. 
 
 [chap, vr.— verbs. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■S j Sanskrit, 
 4, (Arabic, . 
 
 Bask, . . 
 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 ^ Turkish, . 
 
 ^ Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 
 ■f- Mongolian, 
 
 c3 Mantshu, . 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Brahuf, . . . 
 
 t; 
 
 t? 
 
 ^ 
 
 <; 
 
 < 
 
 §, 
 
 
 1 
 
 Gydmi, 
 Gydrung, . . 
 Takpa, 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochii, . . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 Tibetan {zm-itlen), 
 Tibetan (sfokeii), 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 Siinwir, . . 
 Gilrung, . . 
 Mdrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kirdnti, . 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Rungchcnbung, 
 
 Chhingtangya, 
 
 Nd-chhereng, 
 
 Waling, 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Lambichhong. 
 
 Bdldli, . . 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 IJumi, . . 
 
 Khdling, . 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 f Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, 
 
 Lepclia (Sikkim), 
 Bhiitdniv. Lhopa, 
 
 Dauif, pdddbltydvi-stlid, sthd, 
 Wakafa. \{tishthati). 
 
 Ilki, jaiki. 
 
 Noiisen. 
 
 All. 
 
 Kalk. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tokhdakho. 
 
 Ilime. 
 
 Tangi. 
 
 Tangi. 
 
 Dirt. 
 
 Chdn ki-ldi. 
 
 Chdn-ki-ldi. 
 
 K^i-hi-shaii. 
 
 Lok-chi-le. 
 
 IC'i. 
 
 Talsu, okosotatsii. 
 
 Bathmarak. 
 
 Chhile. 
 
 Taryup yachiii. 
 
 Lang. 
 
 Khanjeh. 
 
 Tor on. 
 
 Posth. 
 
 Zi'iryen. 
 
 'H.ckhar. 
 
 Long. 
 
 Long. 
 
 Bok. 
 
 Rddh. 
 
 Rdb. 
 
 Swoiid. 
 
 Gnajiirpa. 
 
 Utha. 
 
 Dong. 
 
 Pogc. 
 
 Yewd li'intd. 
 Pi'ikalcnda, riia. 
 J'l'nvahiila. 
 Ycba. 
 Repa. 
 Ye 7(1(7. 
 Pi'igd. 
 Yd/nsid. 
 Tliorepa. 
 Ycp'da. 
 
 Rdppo, rongso, n^ 
 Yebe,yepoge,yebaehc,^rebane. ^ 
 Poklonda, yebd, yebachi^ ye- 
 Yepok, yeba, yepoka- [bani.^ 
 
 [pine.- 
 i>'she^ ra- 
 
 Ripdelii,^ -ni:- 
 R'lpha. 
 Repye. 
 Rebe. 
 
 U'tht'ik. 
 
 U'th. 
 
 Dd'ingchoii. 
 
 Chingsa. 
 
 So. 
 
 Y'cpche. 
 
 U'thou. 
 
 Loengwoto. 
 
 Khaddho. 
 
 Li'ik, ding. 
 Long. 
 
 chi,^ yepokd- 
 iiin} 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 h 
 8 
 
 
 Bodo, . 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 Abor Miri, . 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 _ Singpho, . . 
 Burman {luntten), 
 Burman (spoken), 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 Kilmi, . . . 
 Mru V. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 ■ Talain v. Men, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 Toungh-tliu, . 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 Siamese, . . 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 Ho (Kol), . 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum) 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 Bhlimij, 
 
 Urdon, 
 
 Mundala, 
 
 RdjmahaH 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Gayeti, 
 
 Rutluk, 
 
 Naiiaide, 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Mddi, . 
 
 Madia, 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 Khond, 
 
 Sdvara, 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 Tamil, anc, 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 Malaydlma, mod. 
 Telugu,' . . 
 Karndtaka, anc, 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 Tuluva, 
 Ku'rgi, . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, J 
 Kdta, . 
 Badaga, 
 Kurumba, 
 Irula, . 
 Malabar, 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 Gochong, jakhdng. 
 Jdp. 
 
 Thdruhonu. 
 Chap. 
 Guchung dang. 
 
 Lebo. 
 
 Ajong. 
 
 Yong chi. 
 
 Hunligili. 
 
 Thale. 
 
 Chapo. 
 
 Notak. 
 
 Septak. 
 
 Dangkitpil. 
 
 Ddrup. 
 
 Tdkarini. 
 
 Tsapu, rotu. 
 
 Tha, mat. 
 
 Thd, mat. 
 
 Tune. 
 
 Kado. 
 
 A'ngthou. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Cant. 
 
 Monlet, khatau. 
 
 'Serier, tshethti. 
 
 Tsungtung. 
 
 Unghhung. 
 
 Tsotni. 
 
 D&y. 
 
 Roa, yiin. 
 
 Ti. 
 
 Sau. 
 
 Song. 
 
 Tingunted. 
 
 Tingimman. 
 
 Tingohte, demachohte, berehte 
 
 Tinguakanman. [(rise). 
 
 rildhd. 
 
 Tengunmi. 
 
 Choiya. 
 
 Tedaniga, nittana. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ninduko. 
 
 Nistdnm. 
 
 Dedebd. 
 
 Tu7U nd. 
 
 Nikkebogu,nindrukotiduyiru. 
 
 Thd doho. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nil. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nilka. 
 
 Niltiehundn, niluchu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Nintu kollu. 
 
 Entuna. 
 
 Nillu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mklo. 
 
 Nitulle, meke. 
 
 Niddiru, lyettu. 
 
 Niddini, yeddti. 
 
 Nike, yendu kove. 
 
 Nil. 
 
 Hitinavd. 
 
CHAP, VI,— VERBS.] 
 
 FRAPPER—SCHLAGEN— STRIKE— BIT— PULSARE, 
 
 213 
 
 Types. 
 
 > 
 
 (Sanskrit, 
 
 
 
 Tad, han, tud. 
 
 
 ■^ (Arabic, . . 
 
 
 
 Viaraha. 
 
 
 
 ' Bask, . . . 
 Finnic, , , 
 Magyar, , . 
 
 
 
 . /o, jazartu. 
 Pieksen. 
 
 ■ m. 
 
 
 ic 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 : Vur. 
 
 
 •3 
 
 Circassian, , 
 
 
 
 Yeywan, yoh. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Gf-orgian, , 
 
 
 
 . W/ihots, 
 
 
 Mongolian, , 
 
 
 
 Gopsigo. 
 
 
 c' 
 
 Mantshu, , 
 
 
 
 Shasikalane. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 . Hanggitik. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 . Hanggitik. 
 
 
 
 Malay, , . . 
 
 
 . Piikul. 
 
 
 
 r Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 . Td. 
 
 ' 
 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 . Td. 
 
 
 .8"^ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 . Td. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 . Tdng. 
 
 
 •^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 . rah. 
 
 
 
 Japanese, 
 
 
 
 Utsu. 
 
 
 Brahuf, , . 
 
 
 
 Khalbo. 
 
 
 .■^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . 
 
 
 
 Td. 
 
 
 ft 
 
 Gydrung, . , 
 
 
 
 Tah'ip. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Di'mge. 
 
 
 \: 
 
 Mdnyak, . . 
 
 
 
 Danthd. 
 
 
 r; ■ 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 
 Das,atch. 
 
 
 rS 
 
 Sokpa, , . 
 
 
 
 Chhok ka. 
 
 
 fj 
 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Nazbi. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tibetan {written)^ 
 
 
 
 'Ediin, rdeg. 
 
 
 2 
 
 ^ Tibetan {spoken), 
 rSerpa, . , . 
 
 
 
 DMg. 
 Diing. 
 
 
 
 Sdnwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 Tilp. 
 
 
 
 Gdrung, . . 
 
 
 
 Tan. 
 
 
 ■a 
 
 Miirmi, . , 
 
 
 
 Hob. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Magar, . . 
 
 
 
 Dung. 
 
 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Tdii, thopdti. 
 
 
 'i 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 
 
 KM. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newcir, . . 
 ^ Limbu, . . 
 
 r Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, , . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, . 
 
 
 
 Dd. 
 Hipte, hipte. 
 
 Mou. 
 
 C/iai zyti, chat dyi'i, 
 
 Mou, moannm.^ 
 
 Tena. 
 
 
 cr 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Vop'sii. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Wdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Mou. 
 
 
 Ydkha, . . . 
 
 
 
 Mok'tu. 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Chourdsya, . . 
 
 
 
 T^ptd. 
 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Keru. 
 
 
 R 
 
 Thulungya, , 
 
 
 
 Yalsa. 
 
 
 ci 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 Tyupo, Hpo, tipshe^ 
 
 tipine.''' 
 
 •<! 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Lome, lo mache^ lo mam ne. 
 
 g 
 
 Lambichhong, 
 
 
 
 Tena. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, , . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, , . 
 Ddmi, . , . . 
 Khdling, . . . 
 
 
 
 Lomu. 
 
 Yosu, kiru, yopsu. 
 
 Xlen'de. 
 
 Yd/'ye. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, , . 
 
 
 
 Nore, norchie^ nornumye.'' 
 
 
 Ddrhi, . . , . 
 
 
 
 Thdthdik. 
 
 
 ,^ 
 
 Denwdr, , , . 
 
 
 
 MdriM. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . . . 
 
 
 
 Ddchhon. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . , . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 r^ \ 
 
 Bhrdmu, . , ■ 
 
 
 
 Moto. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Vdyu, . . . . 
 
 
 
 Iblipo. 
 
 
 % 
 
 Kuswar, . • • 
 
 
 
 Thdthdik. 
 
 
 1- 
 
 Kusunda, , . • 
 
 
 
 Pungbogo. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdru, , . . . 
 
 
 
 Mdr, mardu. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 
 Ball. 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v, Lhops 
 
 I, . 
 
 
 Dt'mg. 
 
 
 'vj 
 
 r Bodo, . . . 
 
 
 
 . Sho. 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Dhimdl, . , 
 
 
 
 , JDdnghai. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kocch, . , 
 
 
 
 Pitinu. 
 
 
 ft) 
 
 Garo, . . , 
 
 
 
 Tok. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 [Kdchdri, , , 
 f Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 Bu dung. 
 
 Yaiyo. . ;„-. 
 
 
 ■si 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Maithun. 
 
 
 ^^ 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Set chi. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Yakchau. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Vashimc. 
 
 
 .te 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Vdto. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Tasungr, tatapsap. 
 
 
 fi; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Taphetoko. 
 
 
 1 
 
 (3 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Pdpil. 
 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Duto. 
 
 
 i<j 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Borini. 
 DApu. 
 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Burman {written), 
 Burman {spoken). 
 
 
 
 Raik, put. 
 Ydik, poll. 
 
 
 '^ 
 
 Khyeng v, Shou, 
 
 
 
 Mole. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdmi, . . , 
 
 
 
 Male. 
 
 
 
 Kiimi, , . , 
 
 
 
 Pu lihouorathum. 
 
 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, 
 
 
 
 Cat-et. 
 
 
 fc 
 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 r Talain v. Mon, 
 
 
 
 Tat. 
 
 
 1? 
 
 Sgau-lcaren, . 
 
 
 
 Taw, pataii. 
 
 
 'B 
 
 Pwo-karen, . 
 
 
 
 Du. 
 
 
 % 
 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 Tway. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 
 
 
 Pautihn. 
 
 
 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 Dan. 
 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Pautihn, ti, bol. 
 
 
 
 Ahora, . . . 
 
 
 
 Dd,po. 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, . . 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 
 ). 
 
 
 Po. 
 
 Ti, bup. 
 
 Ruted. 
 Goiman. 
 
 
 
 Santdli, . , 
 
 
 
 Susdrate kuhaiitc 
 
 ddlate, 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . 
 
 
 
 Magiman. c'hetdlite, liardli- 
 
 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 
 
 Klwrah. karahte. 
 
 
 
 Mundala, , . 
 
 
 
 Ddli. 
 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . 
 
 
 
 Bdja. 
 
 
 
 Gondi, . . 
 
 
 
 fUn, jiana. 
 
 
 .« 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 •S 
 
 Rutluk, , . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 •> , 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 g 
 
 Kolami, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 t^ 
 
 Mddi, , . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 Kuri, , . . 
 Keikddi, . . 
 Khond, , . 
 Sdvara, . . 
 Gadaba, , . 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 ^ Chentsu, . . 
 
 'Tamil, ^"'^■' • 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret 
 Adi. 
 Vetdmu. 
 Teda. 
 Buvo. 
 Mottu. 
 Mdr, maryo. 
 
 Caret. 
 Adi 
 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . 
 
 
 Adi, talla. 
 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . . 
 
 
 Kottu. 
 
 
 
 Kanidtaka, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 S^ 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Hode. 
 
 
 >> 
 
 Tuluva, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 g ■ 
 
 Kurgi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Yeppii, eri. 
 
 
 i2 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, j . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 '! 
 
 
 
 Puis bini, buro. 
 
 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Puigabe, puiye. 
 
 
 
 Badaga, . . 
 
 
 
 Huidane, hui. 
 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Huidane, hui. 
 
 
 
 Irula, . , . 
 
 
 
 A! dike, adi. 
 
 
 
 Malabar, . . 
 
 
 
 Adi, thattu. 
 
 
 
 Sinhalese, . , 
 
 
 
 Gahanavd. 
 
 
214 
 
 PRENDRE— NEHMEN— TAKE— VZY AT— CAPERE. 
 
 [chap. VI.— verbs. 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■^ 
 a 
 
 ^ Bodo, Ld, nd. 
 
 'h 
 
 fe» 
 
 Dhimdl, . 
 
 
 
 
 Phti. 
 
 '5 (Sanskrit, .... Grah, ddd, hri, dhri. 
 
 ^. 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 
 
 
 Libdr. 
 
 ■§, (Arabic, . . . 
 
 
 
 A khaza. 
 
 ''^ 
 
 Garo, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Li, lau. 
 
 *> 
 
 Bask, .... 
 Finnic, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ariu, itsiki. 
 Otan. 
 
 ^ 
 
 L Kddidri, . 
 ■ Munipuri, 
 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Lono. 
 
 
 Magyar, . . 
 
 
 
 Vesz. 
 
 •< 
 
 Mithdn Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Paule. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . . 
 
 
 
 Al 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Yakei. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . 
 
 
 
 Tzirishch. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . 
 
 
 
 Hiraugo. 
 
 K 
 
 Georgian, . 
 
 
 
 Wigheh \_ghel)\. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Khriliwe. 
 
 i 
 
 Mongolian, . 
 
 
 
 Abcho. 
 
 ■■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Kapo. 
 
 a 
 
 Mantshu, . 
 
 
 
 Dshatame. 
 
 S 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Niagirr. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 
 
 Chekel. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, 
 
 
 
 Chiokko, dnno. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Chepmg. 
 
 1 
 
 Abor Miri, . 
 
 
 
 Ldpii. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Ambil. 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, 
 
 
 
 Ldto. 
 
 
 
 
 (^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 
 
 
 Lario. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankm, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Pd. 
 Pd. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . 
 
 
 
 Ldu. 
 
 & 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Nim. 
 
 1^ 
 
 I 
 
 ' Burman {written), 
 
 
 
 Yti. 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Tan. 
 
 
 Burman {spoken). 
 
 
 
 Yit. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Tapanese. . . 
 
 
 Teh. 
 Torn, tori. 
 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Si. 
 Ld. 
 
 -^ ^ -J 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Lo. 
 
 Brahui, . . 
 
 
 . Halltak. 
 
 1 
 
 Mnl v. Toung, 
 Sdk, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Gydmi, . . 
 Gy^rung, . . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mcinyak, . . 
 Thochil, . . 
 
 
 . Rdkwo. 
 
 X 
 
 
 
 
 
 h 
 ■1 
 
 
 
 . Daven. 
 
 Yd, longd. 
 . Dango. 
 . Jddjh. 
 
 i 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, 
 Sgau-karen, . 
 Pvvo-karen, . 
 Toungh-thu, . 
 
 
 
 /at. 
 
 /Lena, he. 
 
 Mahni. 
 
 /Chone. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Gwonkhe, tushthu. 
 
 h 
 
 •1 
 
 Shdn, . . . 
 Annamitic, . 
 
 
 
 An. 
 Bat. 
 
 
 Tibetan (written), 
 
 
 
 Wan, ji'ing, hen. 
 
 Siamese, . . 
 
 
 
 Ouk, au, nap. 
 
 All. 
 
 Au. 
 
 3 
 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 
 
 . Zeng, yd. 
 
 Ahom, . . 
 Khdmti, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Serpa, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ling. 
 
 
 Laos, . . . 
 
 
 
 Au. 
 
 s- 
 
 Sunwdr, . . 
 
 
 
 I/ye. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), , 
 
 
 
 Telleiied. 
 
 1 
 
 Gdrung, . . 
 Miirmi, . . 
 
 
 
 K'uLl'l. 
 
 Thob. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum 
 Santdli, 
 
 )> 
 
 
 Ne. 
 /dite, tie! 
 
 "ti 
 
 Magar, . . 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 Leo. 
 . BhaUu. 
 
 
 Bhilmij, . . 
 Urdon, . . 
 
 
 
 Ne. 
 Odnda. 
 
 1 
 
 Pdkhya, . . 
 
 
 
 La. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . 
 
 
 
 Ne. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Newdr, . . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 
 
 Kd, na. 
 Le. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, 
 Gondi, 
 
 
 
 /•Cinda. 
 
 Tard, wontona, yetalle. 
 
 
 ' Kir^nti, . . 
 
 
 
 Bdti't. 
 
 S3 
 
 Gayeti, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Rodong, . . 
 
 
 
 Ne, pi'ikji, pMyti. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, 
 
 
 
 Ne, battu. 
 
 ►v. - 
 
 Naikude, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 JChdlta. 
 
 ■i: 
 
 Kolami, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 <r 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 Ne, bell yi'i. 
 
 a 
 
 Mddi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 |, 
 
 AVdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Ne, hdtlii. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 <; 
 
 Yilkha, . . 
 
 
 
 Kwe, did II, kettit. 
 
 
 Kuri, . . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, . 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 Ne, paistd. 
 
 Ne, khdit, khdyu. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . 
 Khond, . . 
 
 
 
 Yedutttko. 
 /iitway. 
 
 1 
 
 Thulungya, . 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 Ne, briya. 
 
 Ne, ldto,jdpo, blawo. 
 
 
 Sdvara, 
 Gadaba, . . 
 
 
 
 Yatna. 
 T)emd. 
 
 '■c 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 Naye, labc. 
 
 
 Yerukala, , . 
 
 
 
 Vdko, vdnketiidte. 
 
 1 
 
 l,ambichhong. 
 
 
 
 /•Co, thepla. 
 
 
 ^ Chentsu, . . 
 
 
 
 Niyyo, niyd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 IMhlli, . . . 
 Sdng-pdng, . 
 
 
 
 Nd, kheltd. 
 Ne, khdyu. 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc, . 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 
 Eltukkol. 
 Eduttukkol, yeda. 
 
 
 Ddmi, . . . 
 
 
 
 Ne, khdta. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, , 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khdling, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydima, mod., 
 
 
 Etttkka. 
 
 
 Dtingmdli, . 
 
 
 
 Ne, khdye. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 Pitchchttkotm, tisukonu. 
 
 
 
 
 T 7 'J 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc. 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 \ Ddrhi, . . . 
 Denwdr, . . 
 Pahri, . . . 
 Chepdng, . . 
 Bhrdmu, . . 
 Vdyu, . . . 
 
 
 
 Lehik. 
 
 LeiM. 
 
 Hdya. 
 
 Lei. 
 
 Thdyo. 
 
 Doko. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, m 
 Tuluva, . 
 Kurgi, . . 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, 1 
 K6ta, . . 
 
 Od.. 
 
 
 
 Dukollu. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Tegi, yettfo. 
 
 Vede. 
 
 1 
 
 Kuswar, . . 
 
 Kusunda, . . 
 
 _ Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 Neik. 
 
 Md. 
 
 Lala. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 Kurumba, 
 Irida, . . 
 
 
 
 
 Tegi. 
 Tegi. 
 Bongu. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 Lyo. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Edu. 
 
 
 Bhutdni v. Lhop: 
 
 1, 
 
 
 Let} nang. 
 
 
 ^ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 
 Gannavd. 
 
CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 
 
 OTER— WEGNEHMEN— TAKE AWAY— UNOSIT-AUFERRE. 
 
 215 
 
 Types. 
 
 ■■§ (Sanskrit, 
 <^ |Arabic, . . 
 
 Bask, . . , 
 
 Finnic, . . 
 Magyar, . . 
 Turkish, . . 
 Circassian, . 
 Georgian, . 
 Mongolian, . 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 f Chinese, Nankin, 
 b-, Chinese, Pekin, 
 ■| I Chinese, Canton, 
 ■^ ^ Chinese, Shanghai, 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 _ Japanese, 
 
 Brahuf, 
 
 i 
 
 h 
 
 ■So 
 
 ■^ 
 t 
 
 ^ 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 'fe^ 
 
 E.^ 
 
 1 
 
 Gy^mi, 
 Gydrung, . 
 Tcikpa, . 
 Mdnyak, . 
 Thochti, . 
 Sokpa, 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan ('diritten) 
 Tibetan [spoken), 
 
 Serpa, . . 
 Sdnwdr, . 
 Gilrung, . 
 Murmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pdkhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . 
 Rodong, . 
 Riingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 Ndchhereng, 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Khdling, . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 ' Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chepdng, . 
 Bhrdmu, - 
 Vdyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikldm), 
 Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 A'ni, apani, apaliri. 
 A'khaza. 
 
 Kendu, edeki, ideki, idoki. 
 
 Otanpois. 
 
 Elvesz. 
 
 Getur. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 [Zm.] 
 
 Apgatchikho. 
 
 Gaime. 
 
 Hamet. 
 
 Mendet. 
 
 Angkat. 
 
 Pd-k'ii. 
 
 Pd-clCu. 
 
 Nim-hii. 
 
 Tan-le. 
 
 Teh-Ml. 
 
 Mote-ike. 
 
 Harfhin. 
 
 Ldchhe. 
 Dichdng. 
 Khor. 
 Tuyii. 
 Doukwa. 
 A'hbachhi. 
 Wumbe. 
 
 HkMr, bkhyer. 
 Bdk song. 
 
 KMr syop. 
 
 Lat. - 
 
 Bhod. ■ '-^< ••■ 
 
 Por. ' --■^: ; - 
 
 A'rho. 
 
 Bhoro. 
 
 Ldljd. 
 
 Yenki. 
 
 Tere. 
 
 Khd tu. 
 
 Pugzyt'c, pi'igdyu. 
 
 Khdtttiki khdra. 
 
 Khdttu khdra, khdttu lonta. 
 
 Khe yu. 
 
 Khdttu. 
 
 Khettu, yaiig khettu. 
 
 Lettd. 
 
 Khdyu. 
 
 Da-A da. 
 
 Ldtyo, Id tojo, la tise,^ latine.' 
 
 Lahette, lakhette, lakhettache.^ 
 
 Khdtta, chikhette, yi khette, 
 
 Ydkhettu. \la khette. 
 
 Khdh'yu. 
 
 Khotte. [naye.^ 
 
 Khdtte, khatte chie} khos- 
 
 Khdde, khddechie^ khdde- 
 
 Lejik. ^'""^'- 
 
 Legaik'. 
 
 Biildson, buldson. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ydnggno, yango. 
 
 Ldkto, lakto. 
 
 Nehin. 
 
 Wd. 
 
 Lejdre. 
 
 Bi non. 
 Bak song. 
 
 % 
 
 Bode, . . . 
 
 , , 
 
 
 Ldng. 
 
 \ 
 
 Dhimdl 
 
 
 Chi'ingpi'i, 
 
 ^ ■ 
 
 Kocch 
 
 
 Lejdbdr. 
 
 <*) 
 
 Garo, 
 
 
 Leldng. 
 
 fei 
 
 Kdchdri, . . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Munipuri, . . . 
 
 
 Piikho. 
 
 "m 
 
 Mdhdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Pat pan. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Noh si. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 
 Hencravgo. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Satele. 
 
 ■1 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Kapkdto. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 
 Pciiniaiig. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 
 Cheba chenang. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . 
 
 
 Boinkang. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . 
 
 
 Bomkang. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Deoria Chiitia, . 
 
 
 Laromni. 
 
 
 Singpho, . . . 
 
 
 Ldu wdu. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman (wi-itkn), 
 
 
 Y/hwd. 
 
 1 
 
 Burman [spoken), . , 
 
 
 Yuthwd. 
 
 <^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 h- 
 
 Kdmi, .... 
 
 
 Ldhdi. 
 
 R 
 
 Kumi, .... 
 
 
 Lode. 
 
 J3 
 
 Mru v. Toung, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Sdk, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Men, . 
 
 
 Kitiia. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 
 Sokwi, kctcho, katso. 
 
 ,5 
 
 Pvvo-karen, 
 
 
 I'sokkwaik. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . 
 
 
 Htulzvay. 
 
 Shdn, .... 
 
 
 Oungkwa. 
 
 fi; 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 
 Y>emdi. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, . . . 
 
 
 Oungkot, thil. 
 
 8 
 
 Ahom, .... 
 
 
 Sung. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Khdmti, . . . 
 
 
 Song 
 
 
 Laos, .... 
 
 
 Song, thii. 
 
 
 ' Ho (Kol), . . 
 
 
 rtited, sabted. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), 
 
 
 Pdiman. 
 
 
 Santdli, . . . 
 
 
 Iditardite, dohte (by force). 
 
 
 Bhiimij, . . . 
 
 
 Ldimeiigo. 
 
 
 Urdon, . . . 
 
 
 Hand. 
 
 
 Mundala, . . . 
 
 
 Edime. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . 
 
 
 Oiyd. 
 
 
 Gondi, . . . 
 
 
 Onmaniga, wontona, woyalle. 
 
 .§ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Naikude, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, . . . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, .... 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, . . . 
 
 
 Yedu. 
 
 
 Khond, . . . 
 
 
 Ahdnesaniallmic. 
 
 
 Sdvara, . . . 
 
 
 Pdgnd Id yirba. 
 
 
 Gadaba,' . . . 
 
 
 Sogusiyyd. 
 
 
 Yerukala, . . . 
 
 
 Yittikondupo, vakkondu- 
 
 
 Chentsu, . . . 
 
 
 Nikejd, niyd. \_pom71 
 
 
 ' Tamil, anc , . . 
 
 
 ICodupb. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . 
 
 
 ICondupb, yeduttupb. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydjma, mod., 
 
 
 Kondtipb. 
 
 
 Telugu, . . . 
 
 
 . Tisukapb. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 .a 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 
 Oyyii. 
 
 1 
 
 Tuluva, . 
 
 
 
 . liondattu popuna. 
 
 1 
 
 Kurgi, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Toduva,) 
 Toda, 1 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 . Ettfo. 
 
 Kdta, . . 
 
 
 
 Ett hogu. 
 
 
 Badaga, . 
 
 
 
 Yettiund hogu. 
 
 
 Kurumba, 
 
 
 
 Yettiund hogu. 
 
 
 Iruia, . . 
 
 
 
 Ededu kondu poke. 
 
 
 Malabar, . 
 
 
 
 Eduttupodu. 
 
 
 _ Sinhalese, . 
 
 
 
 Ahakkaranavd. 
 
2l6 
 
 DIRE— SAGEN— TELL (ReLATE)— RAZSKAZUIVAT— DICERE, [chap. VI.— verbs. 
 
 Types. 
 
 1 (Sanskrit, .... Kath, vad, nivid. 
 
 >§> (Arabic, . . . 
 
 . 
 
 
 Kdla, haka. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bask 
 
 Finnic, . . . 
 Magyar, . 
 
 • 
 
 
 Esan, erran. 
 Jtittun. 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Turkish, . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . . 
 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 5 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 
 
 Wautskeb. 
 
 ■s- 
 
 Mongolian, . . 
 
 
 
 Togotchilahho, 
 
 c 
 
 Mantshu, . . 
 
 
 
 Khenduvie. 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 
 Nutiirri. 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, 
 
 
 Hasanjang. 
 
 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 
 Bilang. 
 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 
 
 Kiang Idh-fing. 
 
 V- 
 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 
 Chiiig hei-fing. 
 
 ■•§ 
 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 
 
 Kong-fhig. 
 
 1' 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 
 
 Kait-su. 
 
 ►^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 
 
 Kdikong. 
 
 
 L Japanese, . . 
 
 
 Mongatalu, iianasiworiisti. 
 
 Brahuf, . . . 
 
 
 . Parak. 
 
 -S 
 
 ' Gydmi, . . . 
 
 
 Shro. 
 
 f; 
 
 Gyarung, . . . 
 
 
 Tachen. 
 
 h 
 
 Takpa, 
 
 
 Syat. 
 
 h 
 
 Mdnyak, . 
 
 
 . Thaidyu. 
 
 's ^ 
 
 Thochii, . . 
 
 
 Kt'irr. 
 
 1 
 
 Sokpa, . . 
 
 
 . Khala. 
 
 Horpa, . . . 
 
 
 Tayin, naps he. 
 
 S 
 
 Tibetan (lurittai), 
 
 
 Ushod, fichhod. 
 
 s 
 
 Tibetan (s/oh-u), . 
 
 
 Ldp, cJnvc. 
 
 
 ' Serpa, .... 
 
 
 . Lap. 
 
 <:■ 
 
 Sunvvdr, 
 
 
 . Den. 
 
 i 
 
 Giirung, . . 
 
 
 . Bid. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Miirmi, 
 
 
 Sydt. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Magar, 
 
 
 
 . Kha7igni. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Thdksya, . . 
 
 
 
 BJngo. 
 
 1, 
 
 Pdkhya, . 
 
 
 
 Kaha. 
 
 fe; 
 
 Newdr, , . 
 Limbu, . . 
 
 ' Kirdnti, . . 
 Rodong, . . 
 Rtingchenbung, 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 
 
 . Kon. 
 
 Cliekhe, cheke. 
 
 . Khang metu. 
 
 . Rdg'na. 
 
 Yciig incttii, khdngmnsa, 
 Clicpta. \lihaugineilu. 
 
 cf- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 
 
 . Pun. 
 
 1. 
 
 Waling, . 
 
 
 
 
 Klwuj sii. 
 
 t 
 
 Ydkha, . 
 
 
 
 
 Yok'iiiettu. 
 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Sokdtd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 . Pod. 
 
 §^' 
 
 Thulungya, 
 
 
 
 
 Sing'da. 
 
 
 Bdhingya, 
 
 
 
 
 Sogno, sodi, sodo. 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 
 
 
 I'se, -ache^ -anine.^ 
 
 S 
 
 Lambichhong 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 Tninliisa. 
 
 
 BdMli, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Vsu. 
 
 Sdng-pdng, 
 
 
 
 
 . Pdyv. 
 
 
 Dilmi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Blet'te, hlct'tc. {sua.^ 
 
 
 Khdling, _ . 
 
 
 
 
 . Bldtte, lat'te, hlattechi^ blattc- 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 
 
 
 Luye, h'lclue,^ lunumye? 
 
 
 ■ Ddrhi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Kdhnk. 
 
 1 
 
 Denwdr, . 
 
 
 
 
 Sarha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pahri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Kyen. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Chepdng, . 
 
 
 
 
 . NJioschc. 
 
 1 . 
 
 Bhrdmu, . 
 
 
 
 
 Chisoyo. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Vdyu, . , 
 
 
 
 
 Islito, boh' to. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 
 
 
 Ghanaiik. 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, . 
 
 
 
 
 VVongddgo. 
 
 1^ 
 
 Thdru, . . 
 
 
 
 
 . Kaliare. 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 
 
 . Dan. 
 
 
 Bhutdni V. Lh 
 
 op 
 
 a, 
 
 
 . Lap. 
 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 Rai. 
 
 & 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 
 Dop. 
 
 t^ . 
 
 Kocch, 
 
 Bolinu. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Borot. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Munipuri, . . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •1 . 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Ngdo. 
 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Shiang. 
 
 (^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Suang. 
 
 
 Abor Miri, , . . . 
 
 Liipti. 
 
 1 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, , . 
 
 Lubida. 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^Singpho, .... 
 
 Si'tn. 
 
 «! 
 
 s 
 
 ' Barman {writkn), 
 
 Chho, krd. 
 
 £ 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 S'ho kyd, pyawthi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kilmi, 
 
 Tho. 
 
 1 
 
 «3 
 
 Mrii V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 fc 
 ^ 
 
 _Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■ Talain v. Mon, . . 
 
 Hanmarai. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . 
 
 Ta\. 
 
 St 
 
 Pwo-karen, . , . 
 
 Laubah. 
 
 1 
 
 Toungh-thu, . , . 
 
 Thouthan. 
 
 5 
 
 Shdn, ..... 
 
 Lat. 
 
 t^ ' 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 Noi, ke. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, .... 
 
 Lat, bok wd. 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Bok. 
 
 i^ 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Wd. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Wd. 
 
 
 • Ho (Kol), . . . 
 
 Mented. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Kajimafi. 
 
 
 Santdli, .... 
 
 Radate, Idpdite (converse 
 
 
 Bhiimij, .... 
 
 ICajinian. [pdddtite(mioin 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Kdchana. 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Xdji. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Tenga. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Wurkana, kantdna manje 
 
 ^" 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret, 
 
 ^ 
 
 Rutluk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •-5 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mddia, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Vesdmit. 
 
 
 Sdvara 
 
 Appimgd. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Tsimo. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Sonmi. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 JCo. 
 
 
 Tamil, anc 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Tamil, mod., . , . 
 
 Sol. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., 
 
 Paraya. 
 
 
 Telugu, .... 
 
 Chcppit. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Karndtaka, mod., 
 
 mill. 
 
 Tuluva, .... 
 
 Panuppuna. 
 
 s " 
 
 Kurgi 
 
 Pare. 
 
 1 
 
 Toduva, ) . , . 
 Toda, \ . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 4 
 
 Bindudvcrth bine, csht. 
 
 Kdta 
 
 Peidibe, parrde. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 . Hlcgine, hkgn. 
 
 
 Kiqumba, . . . 
 
 Llleginc, heln. 
 
 
 Iruja, 
 
 Sollre, sollu. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Sollu. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, .... 
 
 Kiydpan. 
 
CHAP. V[.— VERBS.] COMPRENDRE—VERSTEHEN— UNDERSTAND— PONIMAT—INTELLIGERE. 217 
 
 h 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 t 
 
 is 
 
 f 
 
 ■•fi 
 
 I 
 
 E^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 ■■g (Sanskrit, 
 <^ (Arabic, , 
 
 Bask, . . 
 Finnic, . 
 Magyar, , 
 Turkish, , 
 Circassian, 
 Georgian, 
 Mongolian, 
 Mantshu, 
 Javanese, Ngoko, 
 Javanese, Krama. 
 Malay, . . . 
 
 Chinese, Nankin, 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 Chinese, Canton, 
 Chinese, Shanghai 
 Amoy, Colloquial, 
 Japanese, 
 
 Brahul, 
 
 ' Gydmi, 
 Gyilrung, . 
 Tdkpa, 
 Mdnyak, , 
 Thochil, . 
 Sokpa, . . 
 Horpa, 
 
 Tibetan (wriitm), 
 Tibetan {spoken), 
 
 ' Serpa, . . 
 Stinwdr, . 
 Giirung, . 
 Milrmi, 
 Magar, 
 Thdksya, . 
 Pikhya, . 
 Newdr, 
 Limbu, 
 
 Kir^nti, 
 Rodong, . 
 Riingchenbung. 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 N^chhereng, . 
 Wdling, . 
 Ydkha, . 
 Chourdsya, 
 Kulungya, 
 Thulungya, 
 Bdhingya, . 
 Lohorong, 
 Lambichhong, 
 BdMli, . . 
 Sing-pdng, 
 Ddmi, . . 
 Kh^ling, _ . 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 'Ddrhi, . . 
 Denwdr, . 
 Pahri, . . 
 Chep^ng, . 
 Bhrimu, . 
 Yiyu, . . 
 Kuswar, . 
 Kusunda, . 
 Th^ru, . . 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), 
 Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 
 
 Z/!d (j'dnd^i), budh ipodhati), 
 Fahama. \yid, 
 
 Endcglatu, iskidatu, adiiti, 
 
 Ymmarran. \eosartn, 
 
 Erb. 
 
 Anna, akla. 
 
 Tzskghaga. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Ergitchego, 
 
 Ulkhimbe, 
 
 Ngerti. 1 
 
 Ngertos. 
 
 Mangdrti. 
 
 ffidou-tik. 
 Hsidou-te. 
 Hiu-tak. 
 Tung. 
 Hidu. 
 Wakaru, kadensuru. 
 
 Tarak. 
 
 Syd. 
 
 Tisen. 
 
 Sent. 
 
 Najinje. 
 
 Akhchan. 
 
 Heriya. 
 
 Sam tenckii. 
 
 Soms, go. 
 
 Som. 
 
 Syen. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Mhddid. 
 
 Go. 
 
 Phero, 
 
 Ghau. 
 
 Bujha. 
 
 Sikl. 
 
 Singnite, singte. 
 
 Sin tu. 
 
 Xdmmi'i, mu'i dyit. 
 
 Mititc. 
 
 Pitta. 
 
 Chi yu. 
 
 Mittu. 
 
 Mittu. 
 
 Bimstd. 
 
 Min'nu. 
 
 Mini da. 
 
 Mimto, minitise,^ mimtine?- 
 
 Mitte, mitheache^^ initteamne. 
 
 Mim'da. 
 
 Mittu. 
 
 Mit'nu. 
 
 Momsi. \naye? 
 
 Mam'de, mi miye,^ mam 
 
 MiHye, mih yechie^ mihye- 
 
 „,.,, niim ye? 
 
 Bujhkare. 
 
 BAjh. 
 
 ThM. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Biizdyii. 
 
 Seko. 
 
 Bujhou. 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Bujhare. 
 
 Ching. 
 
 Som tang, noh. 
 
 1 
 
 Bode, 
 
 Biijild. 
 
 
 r 
 
 Dhimdl, , . , . 
 
 Bi'ijhte rhi'i. 
 
 t^ 
 
 Kocch, . . . , 
 
 Bujhinu, 
 
 (tj 
 
 Garo, 
 
 Biijai. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kdchiiri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Avan. 
 
 1 
 
 Tablung Ndgii, . . 
 
 Tail singpn. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Metechau. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . . 
 
 Siwe. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Ndrasdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 Ijdto. 
 
 1 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, . . 
 
 Matitrrmd. 
 
 '^ 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 
 
 Myangmang. 
 
 g 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . . 
 
 Ken. 
 
 1 ' 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 
 
 Kintoka. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Deoria Chutia, . . . 
 
 Takarini, 
 
 
 ^ Singpho, 
 
 Choiu. 
 
 1 
 
 ' Burman {written). 
 
 Lin, si. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Burman {spoken), . . 
 
 Le, thi, ndlaythi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . . 
 
 Ne. 
 
 h ■ 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Kandi. 
 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Caret. ' 
 
 ■| 
 
 Mrd V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Hon, . . . 
 
 TiJdmara. 
 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . . . 
 
 Nahpor. 
 
 i 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . . 
 
 Nahthi. 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . . 
 
 Thana. 
 
 1 
 
 Shdn, . _ 
 
 Hiilikh. 
 
 K ' 
 
 Annamitic, . . . . 
 
 Hitu. 
 
 i 
 
 Siamese, 
 
 Jliilet, ni. 
 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Hti. 
 
 ■cl 
 
 Khdmti, 
 
 Hi'i, t/wtn. 
 
 
 ^ Laos 
 
 Rii, Ml. 
 
 
 'Ho(Kol), . . . , 
 
 Ayumurumted. 
 
 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . . 
 
 Adaiman. 
 
 
 Santdli, 
 
 A'njomoroniate (understand 
 
 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 
 Etwanacliigum. 
 
 from hear- 
 
 
 Urdon, .... 
 
 Bhujarka. 
 
 ing). 
 
 
 Mundala, .... 
 
 Samtij'hai. 
 
 
 Rdjmahali, . . . 
 
 Biijid. 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Putte. 
 
 .«■ 
 
 Gayeti, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Ruduk, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 "^ . 
 
 Naikude, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 Kolami, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 c^ 
 
 Mddi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mddia, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Kuri, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Keikddi, .... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Khond, .... 
 
 Anupunnenjti. 
 
 
 Sdvara, .... 
 
 Anddngalayi. 
 
 
 Gadaba, .... 
 
 Memyd avurc. 
 
 
 Yerukala, .... 
 
 Telentsu. 
 
 
 Chentsu, .... 
 
 MdUni. 
 
 
 ■ Tamil, ^'^'^ 
 
 Caret 
 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 Ari. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, anc, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 Malaydiraa, mod., . 
 
 Tiri. 
 
 
 Telugu,' .... 
 
 Teli. 
 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 •3 
 
 Karndtaka, mod.. 
 
 Tili. 
 
 M 
 
 •^ 
 
 TuluVa, .... 
 
 Teriyunnupuna. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Ari. 
 
 "^ 
 
 Toduva,) . . . 
 Toda, ) . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 1 
 
 . Arth bine, aridir. 
 
 
 K6ta 
 
 Arsibc, arsnlle. 
 
 
 Badaga, .... 
 
 . Aridane, aridiru, aridutto. 
 
 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 
 Aridane, aridiiko. 
 
 
 Iruia, 
 
 Arike, arindirn. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Vilangu. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, .... 
 
 Ttrunvcnavd. 
 
 
 2 E 
 
2l8 
 
 PLEURER— WEINEN— WEEP— PLAKAT-LACRIMARE. 
 
 [chap. VI.— verbs. 
 
 Types. 
 
 
 t 
 
 Bodo, 
 
 . Gdp. 
 
 
 ■■| (Sanskrit, , . . 
 "I, (Arabic, .... 
 
 Jiud irodati), krand. 
 Baka. 
 
 
 Dhimdl, 
 Kocch, 
 Garo, . 
 Kdchdri, 
 
 
 . Khar. 
 . Ronii. 
 . Hep 
 
 
 
 'Bask, 
 
 Negarcgin, nigaregin, ncgar- 
 
 ^' 
 
 
 . Caret. 
 
 
 
 Finnic, .... 
 
 Itken. \rezariizan. 
 
 
 ' Munipuri, 
 
 
 . Kupbo. 
 
 
 
 Magyar, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
 
 Saple. 
 
 
 5? 
 
 Turkish, .... 
 
 Aghla. 
 
 §0 
 
 Tablung Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Saptike. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Circassian, . . . 
 
 Mehkueh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Khdri Ndgd, . . . 
 
 . Chipli. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Georgian, . . 
 
 Wastiri {tit-). 
 
 ^ 
 
 Angdmi Ndgd, . ' . 
 
 . Krd. 
 
 
 ■§, 
 
 Mongolian, . , . 
 
 Uilacho. 
 
 .b 
 
 Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 
 
 . Sapo. 
 
 
 3 
 
 Mantshu, . . . 
 
 Soksime. 
 
 5 
 
 Nowgong Ndgd, 
 
 A'chaprr. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Ngoko, . 
 
 Tangis. 
 
 ^j; 
 
 Tengsa Ndgd, . . 
 
 Chappale. 
 
 
 
 Javanese, Krama, . 
 
 . Minvun. 
 
 i 
 
 Abor Miri, . . . 
 
 Kappii. 
 
 
 
 _ Malay, . . . 
 
 Tdngis. 
 
 5 
 
 Sibsdgar Miri, . . 
 
 Kapda. 
 
 
 fcui 
 
 ' Chinese, Nankin, . 
 Chinese, Pekin, 
 
 . Ti-kuh. 
 Ti-k'u. 
 
 fe) 
 
 Deoria Chutia, 
 Singpho, .... 
 
 Ugarini. 
 Khrdpu. 
 
 
 
 Chinese, Canton, . 
 
 . Ham. 
 
 1 
 
 ■ Burman {loritten). 
 
 . N^rO. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chinese, Shanghai, 
 
 ICoh. 
 
 g 
 
 Burman (spoken), . 
 
 Ngo. 
 
 
 ■^ 
 
 Amoy, Colloquial, . 
 
 Lau-bak-sdi (let fall tears). 
 
 •^ 
 
 Khyeng v. Shou, . 
 
 Akdp. 
 
 
 
 Japanese, . . 
 
 Naku. 
 
 h 
 
 Kdmi, . 
 
 Khd 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 Kdmi, 
 
 Aun't. 
 
 
 Brahui, 
 
 ■ Hagh. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Q 
 
 Mru V. Toung, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ' Gydmi, .... 
 
 Shuhrin. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sdk, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 S 
 
 Gydrung, . 
 
 Dakakru. 
 
 
 ' Talain v. Mon, . 
 
 Rdn. 
 
 
 h 
 
 Tdkpa, . . 
 
 Gnu. 
 
 *2 
 
 Sgau-karen, . . 
 
 Haw, hauh 
 
 
 
 Mdnyak, . . . 
 
 Dangwd. 
 
 
 Pwo-karen, . . . 
 
 Gang. 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Thochii, .... 
 
 Arzan. 
 
 3 
 
 Toungh-thu, . . . 
 
 Ngen. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Sokpa, 
 
 Wun?ia. 
 
 c^ 
 
 Shdn, ... 
 
 H'lhk. 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Horpa, .... 
 
 Nakabrd. 
 
 K 
 
 Annamitic, . . 
 
 Khok. 
 
 
 .a 
 
 Tibetan {written), 
 
 Ni't, shunt. 
 
 h 
 
 Siamese, 
 
 RaunghUm, 
 
 ronghai. 
 
 3 
 
 Tibetan (spoken), . 
 
 Gno. 
 
 s 
 
 Ahom, 
 
 Hai. 
 
 
 
 
 to 
 
 Khdmti, .... 
 
 Hai. 
 
 
 
 Serpa, 
 
 Gfiwni. 
 
 
 Laos, 
 
 Hai. 
 
 
 I 
 ■s 
 
 Siinwdr, .... 
 Giirung, . . . 
 Miirmi, . . . 
 Magar, . . . 
 Thaksya, .... 
 Pikhya, . . . 
 Newdr, . . . 
 Limhu 
 
 Gndk. 
 
 Krod. 
 
 Krdjh. 
 
 Rdp. 
 
 Tdko. 
 
 Sanchha. 
 
 KIiivo. 
 
 Hdhe. 
 
 
 'Ho(Kol), . . . 
 Kol (Singhbhum), . 
 
 Santdli 
 
 Bhdmij, .... 
 Urdon, ... 
 Mundala, .... 
 Rdjraahali, 
 
 Raeied. 
 
 Raiman. 
 
 Rdhte, kahabdrate, khitn 
 
 Eyamman. \suh, khungsuh 
 
 Chinkhdh. (sob). 
 
 JSyamtemi. 
 
 Olgd 
 
 
 J—t LllAls^U.44 • * ■ • 
 
 
 
 Gondi, 
 
 Ardto, adan 
 
 a, arana. 
 
 
 ''Kirdnti, .... 
 
 Khdvd. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Gayeti, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Rodong, . 
 
 Khdpa. 
 
 
 Rutluk, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Riingchenbung, . 
 
 Khdwa 
 
 fa 
 
 Naikude, . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Chhingtdngya, 
 
 Hdha. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Kolami, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 =i- 
 
 Ndchhereng, . 
 
 Klidpa. 
 
 c! 
 
 Mddi, . ... 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 %, 
 
 Wdling, .... 
 
 Khd wa. 
 
 
 Mddia, . . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 <; 
 
 Ydkha, . . 
 
 Hdba. 
 
 
 Kuri, . 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Chourdsya, 
 
 Khrdptd 
 
 
 Keikddi, 
 
 
 Agu. 
 
 
 Kulungya, 
 
 Khdpa. 
 
 
 Khond, 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 f 
 
 Thulungya, . . . 
 
 Khrdpiki. 
 
 
 , Sdvara, 
 
 
 Kamyite. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Bdhingya, .... 
 
 Gnokko, gnokse,^ gnokifie? 
 
 
 Gadaba, 
 
 
 Borryo. 
 
 
 
 Lohorong, 
 
 Hdbe, habache} habane!^ 
 
 
 Yerukala, 
 
 
 Aguld, agu. 
 
 
 ,5 
 
 Lambichhong, . . 
 
 Hdba, habachi^ habani.'^ 
 
 
 Chentsu, 
 
 
 Kdnd, kandiydr. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Bdldli, ... 
 
 Khdba, khabaclti^ khabanin.' 
 
 
 ' Tamil, ^"'= 
 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Sdng-pdng, . . 
 
 Klidpd, -liii,^ -iii."^ 
 
 
 Tamil, mod 
 
 Azhtt. 
 
 
 
 Diimi, . . . 
 
 Guokc. 
 
 
 Malayd]ma, anc, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 
 Khdling, .... 
 
 Gnokc. 
 
 
 Malaydlma, mod., . . 
 
 Kezhii. 
 
 
 
 Dungmdli, 
 
 Khdbc. 
 
 
 Telugu,' 
 
 Edchu. 
 
 
 J 
 
 Ddrhi, 
 
 l^cnwdr, . . . 
 
 Rouk. 
 Hdn. 
 
 .<2 
 ■<3 
 
 Karndtaka, anc, , . , 
 Karndtaka, mod,, . . 
 
 Caret. 
 Alu. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 I'ahri, 
 
 Khivc. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Tujiiva, 
 
 All/puna. 
 
 
 i 
 
 Chupdng, . 
 
 Rh'iaschc, rhiasa. 
 
 r 
 
 Kurgi, 
 
 Caret. 
 
 
 4= 
 
 1 D' 
 
 Bhrdmu, 
 Vdyu, . 
 Kuswar, . 
 
 Jldpd 
 Okche. 
 
 4 
 
 Toduva, \ 
 
 Toda, 1 . , . . 
 
 Caret. 
 
 Atth bint, atthti. 
 
 ? 
 
 Dakaroit, dakaroii. 
 
 
 Kdta, 
 
 Atttibe, dge. 
 
 
 1 
 
 Kusunda, .... 
 Thdru, 
 
 Jlidmao. 
 Kdrool. 
 
 
 Badaga, . , , 
 Kurumba, . . . 
 Irula, , . . . . 
 
 A'ltdnc, lau 
 Alu, dltdne. 
 E'ke, aluve. 
 
 
 Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
 
 Rhiop. 
 
 
 Malabar, .... 
 
 Ahtkei. 
 
 
 
 Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . 
 
 Gnu. 
 
 
 Sinhalese, 
 
 
 Autfanavd. 
 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
ENGLISH INDEX. 
 
 Above, 
 
 
 
 
 67 
 
 His, . 
 
 
 
 56 
 
 Skin, . 
 
 
 
 153 
 
 Air, 
 
 104 
 
 Hog, . . 
 
 
 131 
 
 Sky, . 
 
 
 154 
 
 And, . 
 
 68 
 
 Horn, 
 
 
 132 
 
 Sleep, 
 
 
 210 
 
 Ant, . 
 
 los 
 
 Horse, 
 
 
 133 
 
 Small, 
 
 
 
 186 
 
 Anybody, , 
 
 6s 
 
 Hot, . 
 
 
 178 
 
 Snake, 
 
 
 
 155 
 
 Anything, 
 
 
 66 
 
 House, 
 
 
 
 134 
 
 So, . 
 
 
 
 89 
 
 Arrow, 
 
 
 106 
 
 How, 
 
 
 
 76 
 
 Sour, . 
 
 
 
 • 187 
 
 As, . 
 
 
 69 
 
 How much, 
 
 
 
 77 
 
 Speak, 
 
 
 
 211 
 
 Awake, 
 
 
 19s 
 
 Hundred, . 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 Square, 
 
 
 
 188 
 
 Bad, . 
 
 Below, 
 
 Between, 
 
 Bird, . 
 
 Bitter, 
 
 Black, 
 
 Blood, 
 
 
 
 167 
 70 
 
 71 
 107 
 168 
 169 
 108 
 
 Hunger, 
 
 I, . . 
 In, . . 
 Iron, . 
 It, , . 
 
 Kill, 
 
 
 
 135 
 
 48 
 
 78 
 
 136 
 
 SO 
 203 
 
 Star, . 
 
 Stand up, 
 
 Stone, 
 
 Straight, 
 
 Strike, 
 
 Sun, . 
 
 Sweet, 
 
 
 
 156 
 212 
 
 157 
 189 
 213 
 
 158 
 190 
 
 Boat, 
 
 
 
 109 
 
 Laugh, 
 
 
 204. 
 
 Take, 
 
 
 
 214 
 
 Bone, 
 
 
 
 no 
 
 Leaf, . 
 
 
 137 
 
 205 
 
 138 
 
 Take away. 
 
 
 215 
 
 Bring, 
 
 
 196 
 
 Lift up (raise). 
 Light, 
 
 
 y 
 
 Tall (of a man), 
 
 
 191 
 
 Buffalo, 
 
 
 III 
 
 
 
 Tell (relate), 
 
 
 216 
 
 By, . 
 
 
 
 72 
 
 Little, 
 
 
 
 79 
 
 Ten, . 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 Cat, . 
 
 Cold, 
 
 Come, 
 
 Cow, 
 
 Crooked, 
 
 Crow, 
 
 
 
 
 112 
 170 
 197 
 113 
 171 
 114 
 
 Long (of a thing 
 
 Man, 
 Mine, 
 
 Monkey, . 
 Moon, 
 Mosquito, . 
 
 ), 
 
 
 179 
 
 139 
 54 
 140 
 141 
 142 
 
 That, 
 
 Their, 
 
 Then, 
 
 There, 
 
 They, 
 
 Thin, 
 
 Thine, 
 
 
 
 61 
 
 59 
 90 
 
 9f 
 
 53 
 
 192 
 
 55 
 
 Day,. 
 
 
 
 
 115 
 
 Mother, . 
 
 
 
 143 
 
 Thirst, 
 
 
 
 159 
 
 Dog, 
 
 
 
 
 116 
 
 Mountain, . 
 
 
 
 144 
 
 Thirty, 
 
 
 
 44 
 
 Drink, 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 iq8 
 
 Mouth, 
 
 
 
 145 
 
 This, 
 
 
 
 60 
 
 
 
 
 
 Move (walk), 
 
 
 
 206 
 
 Thou, 
 
 
 
 49 
 
 Ear, . 
 
 
 
 117 
 
 Much, 
 
 
 
 80 
 
 Three, 
 
 
 
 35 
 
 Earth, 
 
 
 118 
 
 
 
 
 
 Thus, 
 
 
 
 92 
 
 Eat, . 
 
 
 
 199 
 
 Name, 
 
 
 
 146 
 
 Tiger, 
 
 
 
 160 
 
 Egg, . 
 
 
 
 119 
 
 Near, 
 
 
 
 81 
 
 To, . 
 
 
 
 93 
 
 Eight, 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 Night, 
 
 
 
 147 
 
 To-day, 
 
 
 
 94 
 
 Elephant, 
 
 
 
 
 120 
 
 Nine, 
 
 
 
 41 
 
 To-morrow 
 
 
 
 95 
 
 Eye,. 
 
 
 
 121 
 
 No, . 
 
 
 
 82 
 
 Tooth, 
 
 
 
 161 
 
 Far,. 
 Fat, . 
 Father, 
 
 
 
 
 73 
 172 
 122 
 
 Not, . 
 Now, 
 
 Of, . . . 
 
 
 
 83 
 84 
 
 85 
 
 Tree, 
 
 Twenty, 
 
 Two, 
 
 
 
 162 
 
 43 
 34 
 
 Fire, 
 
 
 
 
 123 
 
 Oil, . 
 
 
 
 148 
 
 Ugly, 
 
 
 
 193 
 
 Fish, . 
 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 On, . 
 
 
 
 86 
 
 Understand, 
 
 
 217 
 
 Fifty, 
 
 
 
 
 46 
 
 One, . 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 
 
 
 Five, . 
 
 
 
 
 37 
 
 Or, . . 
 
 
 
 87 
 
 Village, 
 
 
 
 163 
 
 Flat, . 
 
 
 
 
 173 
 
 Our, . 
 
 
 
 57 
 
 Water, 
 
 
 
 164 
 
 Flower, 
 
 
 
 
 I2S 
 
 Outside, . 
 
 
 
 88 
 
 We,- 
 
 
 
 5t 
 
 '65 
 218 
 
 64 
 
 Foot, 
 
 Forty, 
 
 Four, 
 
 
 
 
 126 
 
 45 
 36 
 
 Pr.AN'l'AIN, 
 
 Raw (green), 
 
 
 
 '49 
 180 
 
 Weariness, 
 
 Weep, 
 
 What, 
 
 
 
 From, 
 
 
 
 
 74 
 
 Red, 
 
 
 
 181 
 
 When, 
 
 
 
 96 
 
 Give, 
 
 
 
 
 200 
 
 Ripe, 
 
 
 
 182 
 
 Where, 
 
 
 
 97 
 
 Go, . 
 
 
 
 
 201 
 
 River, 
 
 
 
 150 
 
 Which, 
 
 
 
 62 
 
 Goat, 
 
 
 
 
 127 
 
 Road, 
 
 
 
 151 
 
 White, 
 
 
 
 194 
 
 Good, 
 
 
 
 
 174 
 
 Round, 
 
 
 
 183 
 
 Who, 
 
 
 
 63 
 
 Great, 
 
 
 
 
 17s 
 
 Run, . 
 
 
 
 207 
 
 Why, 
 
 
 
 98 
 
 Green, 
 
 
 
 
 176 
 
 c . _ _, 
 
 
 
 
 With, 
 
 
 
 99 
 
 
 
 
 
 Salt, 
 
 
 
 152 
 
 Within, 
 
 
 
 100 
 
 Hair, 
 
 
 
 128 
 
 Seven, 
 
 
 
 39 
 
 Without, 
 
 
 
 lOI 
 
 Hand, 
 
 
 
 129 
 
 She, . . . . 
 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 Handsome, 
 
 
 
 177 
 
 Short (of a man), 
 
 
 184 
 
 Yam, 
 
 
 166 
 
 He, . 
 
 
 
 50 
 
 Short (of a thing), 
 
 
 185 
 
 Yes, . 
 
 
 102 
 
 Head, 
 
 
 
 130 
 
 Be silent, . 
 
 
 208 
 
 Yesterday, 
 
 
 103 
 
 Hear, 
 
 
 
 202 
 
 Sit down, . 
 
 
 209 
 
 You, 
 
 
 52 
 
 Here, 
 
 
 
 
 75 
 
 Six, . 
 
 
 
 38 
 
 Your, 
 
 
 
 58 
 
FRENCH 
 
 A, . 
 
 Aigre, 
 
 Ainsi, 
 
 Ainsi, 
 
 Air, . 
 
 Aller, 
 
 Alors, 
 
 Amer, 
 
 Apporter, 
 
 Arbre, 
 
 Asseoir, 
 
 Au-dessous, 
 
 Au-dessus, 
 
 Aujourd'hui, 
 
 Avec, 
 
 Bateau, 
 
 Beau, 
 
 Beaucoup, 
 
 Blanc, 
 
 Boire, 
 
 Bon, . 
 
 Bouche, 
 
 Buffle, 
 
 Carre, 
 Ce, . 
 Ce (cela), 
 Cent, 
 Chat, 
 Chaud, 
 Chemin, 
 Cheval, 
 Cheveu, 
 Chfevre, 
 Chien, 
 Ciel, . 
 Cinq, 
 Cinquante, 
 Cochon, 
 Combien, 
 Comme, 
 Comment, 
 Comprendre, 
 Corbeau, 
 Come, 
 Courir, 
 Court, 
 Crochu, 
 ' Cru, . 
 
 De, . 
 
 De, . 
 
 Dedans, 
 
 Dehors, 
 
 Demain, 
 
 Dent, 
 
 Deux, 
 
 Dire, 
 
 Donner, 
 
 Dormir, 
 
 Doux, 
 
 Droit, 
 
 Du, . 
 
 Eau, 
 Ecouter, 
 Elephant, 
 Entre, 
 
 93 
 
 Et, . . 
 
 187 
 
 Etoile, 
 
 89 
 
 Faim, 
 
 92 
 104 
 201 
 
 Fatigue, . 
 Fer, . . 
 
 90 
 168 
 
 Feu, . 
 Feuille, . 
 
 196 
 162 
 
 Flfeche, . 
 Fleur, 
 
 
 Fourmi, 
 
 209 
 70 
 67 
 
 Frapper, . 
 
 Froid, 
 
 94 
 
 Grand, 
 
 99 
 
 Grand, 
 
 
 Gros, 
 
 109 
 
 
 177 
 
 HiER, 
 
 80 
 
 Homme, . 
 
 194 
 
 Huile, 
 
 198 
 
 Huit, 
 
 174 
 
 Ici, . 
 
 14s 
 III 
 
 Igname, . 
 
 
 11, . 
 
 188 
 
 lis, . . 
 
 60 
 
 
 61 
 
 Je, . 
 
 
 Tour, 
 
 47 
 
 J ' 
 
 112 
 
 La, . 
 
 178 
 
 Laid, 
 
 151 
 
 Leur, 
 
 133 
 
 Lever, 
 
 128 
 
 Loin, 
 
 127 
 
 Long, 
 
 116 
 
 Lumifere, . 
 
 154 
 
 Lune, 
 
 37 
 
 
 46 
 
 Main, 
 
 131 
 
 Maintenant, 
 
 77 
 
 Maison, 
 
 69 
 
 Manger, . 
 
 76 
 
 Mauvaise, . 
 
 217 
 
 Mfere, 
 
 114 
 
 Mien, 
 
 132 
 
 Mince, 
 
 207 
 
 Montagne, 
 
 x8s 
 
 Mosquite, . 
 
 171 
 
 Mouvoir, . 
 
 180 
 
 Mtir, . 
 
 74 
 
 Ne (non). 
 
 85 
 
 Neuf, 
 
 100 
 
 Noir, 
 
 88 
 
 Nom, 
 
 95 
 
 Notre, 
 
 161 
 
 Nous, 
 
 34 
 
 Nuit, 
 
 216 
 
 Nul (non), 
 
 200 
 
 Oeil, 
 
 210 
 190 
 189 
 
 Oeuf, 
 Oiseau, 
 
 Oreille, . 
 
 42 
 
 Os, . 
 
 164 
 
 Oter, 
 
 202 
 
 Ou, . 
 
 120 
 
 Oil, . 
 
 71 
 
 Qui, . 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 
 
 PAGE 
 
 
 PAGE 
 
 68 
 
 Par, . 
 
 72 
 
 
 156 
 
 Parler, 
 
 211 
 
 
 
 Peau, 
 
 IS3 
 
 
 135 
 
 Pfere, 
 
 122 
 
 
 165 
 
 Petit, 
 
 184 
 
 
 136 
 
 Petit, 
 
 186 
 
 
 123 
 
 Peu, . 
 
 79 
 
 
 137 
 
 Pied, 
 
 126 
 
 
 106 
 
 Pierre, 
 
 157 
 
 
 125 
 
 Plantain, , 
 
 149 
 
 
 105 
 
 Plat, . 
 
 173 
 
 
 213 
 
 Pleurer, . 
 
 218 
 
 
 170 
 
 Poisson, . 
 
 124 
 
 
 I7'i 
 
 Pourquoi, . 
 
 . . 98 
 
 
 1 
 
 191 
 172 
 
 Prendre, . 
 
 214 
 
 
 Proche, 
 
 81 
 
 
 103 
 
 Quand, 
 
 . . 96 
 
 
 139 
 
 Quarante, . 
 
 45 
 
 
 148 
 
 Quatre, 
 
 . . 36 
 
 
 40 
 
 Quel, 
 
 62 
 
 
 75 
 
 Quelque chose, . 
 
 66 
 
 
 166 
 
 Quelqu'un, 
 
 6s 
 
 
 5° 
 
 Qui, . 
 
 . . 63 
 
 
 53 
 
 Quoi, 
 
 64 
 
 
 45 
 
 RiRE, 
 
 204 
 
 
 115 
 
 Rivifere, 
 
 150 
 
 
 91 
 193 
 
 Rond, 
 
 . 183 
 
 
 Rouge, 
 
 181 
 
 
 59 
 
 205 
 
 73 
 179 
 
 138 
 141 
 
 Sang, 
 
 108 
 
 
 Sans, 
 
 lOI 
 
 
 S'asseoir, . 
 Sel, . . 
 Se mouvoir, 
 
 209 
 
 152 
 206 
 
 
 
 Sept, 
 
 39 
 
 
 129 
 
 Serpent, . 
 
 "55 
 
 
 84 
 
 Se taire, . 
 
 208 
 
 
 134 
 
 Se tenir debout. 
 
 212 
 
 
 199 
 
 S'e'veiller, . 
 
 195 
 
 
 167 
 
 Sien, 
 
 . • 56 
 
 
 M3 
 
 Singe, 
 
 140 
 
 
 54 
 
 Six, . 
 
 . . 38 
 
 
 192 
 
 Soif, . 
 
 iS9 
 
 
 144 
 
 Soleil, 
 
 . . 158 
 
 
 142 
 
 Sur, . 
 
 86 
 
 
 206 
 
 
 
 
 182 
 
 Tenir debout, 
 
 212 
 
 
 83 
 
 Terre, 
 
 118 
 
 
 T^te, 
 
 130 
 
 
 41 
 169 
 146 
 
 Tien, 
 Tigre, 
 
 55 
 1 60 
 
 
 Trente, . 
 
 44 
 
 
 57 
 
 Trois, 
 
 35 
 
 
 51 
 
 Tu, . 
 
 49 
 
 
 147 
 82 
 
 Tuer, 
 
 203 
 
 
 121 
 
 UN, . 
 
 33 
 
 
 119 
 
 
 
 
 107 
 
 Vache, 
 
 113 
 
 
 117 
 
 Venir, 
 
 197 
 
 
 no 
 
 Vert, 
 
 . . 176 
 
 
 21S 
 
 Village, 
 
 . . 163 
 
 
 87 
 
 Vingt, 
 
 43 
 
 
 97 
 
 Votre, 
 
 ■ • 58 
 
 
 102 
 
 Vous, 
 
 52 
 

 ( 
 
 GERMAN 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 
 
 
 PAGE 
 
 PAGE 
 
 
 PAGE 
 
 ACHT, . . . . 
 
 40 
 
 Hund, .... 116 
 
 Schlange, . . . . 
 
 155 
 
 Affe, . . . , 
 
 140 
 
 Hundert, . 
 
 
 
 47 
 
 Schlecht, . . . . 
 
 167 
 
 Ameise, , . . . 
 
 i°S 
 
 Hunger, . 
 
 
 
 135 
 
 Schon, 
 
 177 
 
 Auf, . . . . 
 
 86 
 
 
 
 
 
 Schwarz, . . . . 
 
 169 
 
 Auge, . . . . 
 
 121 
 
 ICH, . 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 Schweigen, 
 
 208 
 
 Aussen, . . . . 
 
 88 
 
 Ihr, . 
 
 
 
 52 
 
 Schwein, . 
 
 131 
 
 
 
 Ihr, . 
 
 
 
 59 
 
 Sechs, . . . . 
 
 38 
 
 Baum, 
 
 162 
 
 In, . . 
 
 
 
 78 
 
 Sein, .... 
 
 56 
 
 Bein, 
 
 no 
 
 Innerhalb, 
 
 
 
 100 
 
 Sich bewegen, . 
 
 206 
 
 Berg, . . . 
 
 144 
 
 JA, . . 
 
 Jemand, . 
 
 Jener, 
 
 Jetzt, 
 
 
 
 
 Sich setzen. 
 
 209 
 
 Bewegen, . 
 Bitter, 
 
 206 
 168 
 
 
 
 102 
 
 6S 
 61 
 
 84 
 
 Sie, .... 
 Sieben, 
 
 53 
 39 
 
 Blatt, 
 Blut, . 
 
 137 
 108 
 
 
 
 So, . . 
 So, . 
 
 89 
 92 
 
 Blume, 
 
 125 
 
 Kalt, 
 
 
 
 170 
 
 Sonne, 
 
 158 
 
 Boot, 
 
 109 
 
 Katze, 
 
 
 
 112 
 
 Sprechen, . 
 
 211 
 
 Bringen, 
 
 196 
 
 Klein, 
 
 
 
 184 
 
 Stehen, 
 
 212 
 
 Biiffel, 
 
 III 
 
 Klein, 
 
 
 
 186 
 
 Stein, 
 
 157 
 
 Da, 
 
 Dann, 
 
 91 
 ■ 90 
 
 S5 
 
 172 
 
 60 
 
 Kommen, . 
 
 
 
 197 
 
 Stern, 
 
 156 
 
 Kopf, . 
 
 
 
 130 
 
 Strasse, 
 
 151 
 
 Dein, 
 Dick, 
 Dieser, 
 
 Krahe, . 
 
 Kuh, 
 
 Kurz, 
 
 
 
 J. 14 
 113 
 185 
 
 SUss, 
 
 Tag, 
 Tiger, 
 
 190 
 
 115 
 160 
 
 Dorf, 
 
 163 
 
 Lachen, . 
 
 
 
 204 
 
 Todten, , 
 
 203 
 
 Drci, 
 
 35 
 
 Lang, 
 
 
 
 179 
 
 Trinken, , 
 
 198 
 
 Dreissig, , 
 
 44 
 
 Lang, 
 
 
 
 191 
 
 
 
 Du, .... 
 
 49 
 
 Licht, 
 
 
 
 138 
 
 Uber, 
 
 67 
 
 Diinn, 
 
 192 
 
 Luft, 
 
 
 
 104 
 
 Und (auch). 
 
 68 
 
 Durch (von), 
 
 72 
 
 Luftraum, . 
 
 
 
 154 
 
 Unser, 
 
 57 
 
 Durst, 
 
 159 
 
 Mein, 
 
 
 
 54 
 
 Unter, 
 
 79 
 
 Et, . 
 Ein, . 
 
 119 
 
 33 
 136 
 
 Mensch, . 
 Mit, . 
 
 
 
 139 
 99 
 
 Vater, 
 Verstehen, 
 
 122 
 217 
 
 Eisen, 
 
 Mond, 
 
 
 
 141 
 
 Viel, 
 
 80 
 
 Elephant, . 
 
 Er, . . . . 
 
 Erde, 
 
 Erheben, . 
 
 Essen, 
 
 Etwas, 
 
 Euer, 
 
 120 
 
 Morgen, . 
 
 
 
 95 
 
 Vier' _ ! . . 
 
 36 
 
 50 
 
 118 
 
 205 
 
 199 
 
 66 
 
 58 
 
 Moskito, . 
 Miidigkeit, 
 Mund, 
 Mutter, 
 
 Nacht, 
 
 
 
 142 
 165 
 145 
 143 
 
 147 
 
 Viereckig, 
 
 Vierzig, , 
 
 Vogel, . , . 
 
 Von, 
 
 Von, 
 
 188 
 
 45 
 107 
 
 74 
 
 85 
 
 Ff.rn (weit), 
 
 Fcucr, 
 
 Fisch, 
 
 73 
 T23 
 134 
 
 Nahe, 
 
 Name, 
 
 Nehmen, . 
 
 Nein, 
 
 Neun, 
 
 Nicht 
 
 
 
 81 
 146 
 214 
 
 82 
 
 Wachen, , 
 
 Wann, 
 
 Warum, 
 
 195 
 96 
 
 98 
 
 Fluss, 
 Funf, 
 
 150 
 37 
 
 
 
 41 
 83 
 
 Was, 
 , Wasser, 
 
 64 
 164 
 
 Fiinfzig, . 
 
 46 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wegnehmen, 
 
 215 
 
 Fu-ss, 
 
 126 
 
 Oder, 
 
 
 
 ■ 87 
 
 Weinen, . 
 
 218 
 
 
 
 Oel, . 
 
 
 
 148 
 
 Weiss, 
 
 194 
 
 Gf.hen, 
 
 200 
 
 Ohne, 
 
 
 
 101 
 
 Welcher, . 
 
 62 
 
 Gehen, 
 
 201 
 
 Ohr, .' 
 
 
 
 117 
 
 Wenig, 
 
 79 
 
 Gekriimmt, 
 
 171 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wer,. 
 
 63 
 
 Gerade, 
 
 189 
 
 Pfeil, 
 
 
 
 106 
 
 Wie, .... 
 
 69 
 
 Gestern, . 
 
 103 
 
 Pferd, 
 
 
 
 133 
 
 Wie, .... 
 
 76 
 
 Gross, 
 
 175 
 
 Pisang, 
 
 
 
 149 
 
 Wie viel, . 
 
 77 
 
 Griin, 
 
 176 
 
 Piatt, 
 
 
 
 173 
 
 Wir, .... 
 
 SI 
 
 Gut, .... 
 
 174 
 
 Reif, 
 
 
 
 182 
 
 Wo, . 
 
 97 
 
 Haar, 
 Hand, 
 
 128 
 129 
 
 Rennen, . . 
 Roh, . 
 
 
 
 207 
 180 
 
 Yamwurzel, 
 
 166 
 
 HJisslich, . 
 Maus, 
 
 193 
 134 
 
 Roth, 
 Rund, 
 
 
 
 181 
 183 
 
 Zahn, 
 Zehn, 
 
 i6r 
 
 42 
 
 Haut, 
 Heiss, 
 Heute, 
 
 '53 
 178 
 
 Sagen, 
 
 
 
 216 
 
 Ziege, 
 
 127 
 
 94 
 
 Salz, 
 
 
 
 152 
 
 Zu (nach). 
 
 93 
 
 Hier, 
 
 75 
 
 Sauer, 
 
 
 
 187 
 
 Zwanzig, . 
 
 43 
 
 Horen, 
 
 202 
 
 Schlafen, . 
 
 
 
 210 
 
 Zwei, 
 
 34 
 
 Horn, 
 
 132 
 
 Schlagen, . 
 
 
 
 213 
 
 Zwischen, . 
 
 71 
 
JJesx, 
 Bhti., 
 Bjih3ko, . 
 Byfmoj'i., 
 Blubift, . 
 B'liJiiaTb, . 
 
 Barai, 
 
 BajHitifl, . 
 
 BSHTB, 
 BHH3y, . 
 
 BnyrpH, . 
 Bni, 
 BoAa, 
 BosAyxt, 
 
 BOAOCh, . 
 
 Bopona, . 
 
 BOCCMI., . 
 
 BcTaii,, . 
 B'icpa, . 
 Br.i, 
 
 Br.icouiii, . 
 ]]b, 
 
 TOBOpHTb, 
 
 TojOBa, . 
 ToAOH'h, . 
 Topa, 
 FopbiciH, . 
 FopflMiH, . 
 
 /(a^eito, . 
 4aTB, 
 /tea, 
 
 /(Ba/inaTi., 
 /tcnnri), . 
 
 4cpeBun, 
 4cpeno, . 
 4ecaTi,, . 
 4o6pL]H, . 
 /[ojriii, . 
 
 40MTi, 
 
 4opora, . 
 4ypH0H, . 
 
 Ero, 
 
 JKaat^a,' . 
 JKei'Lso, . 
 
 }KHpHbIM, 
 
 3aBTpa, . 
 
 3B'l33/(a, . 
 
 S^icb.^ 
 3ejeHbiH, 
 3eMjji, . 
 
 3p'Bj[bIH, . 
 
 3y6^, . 
 H, . . 
 
 Hah, 
 
 
 RUSSIAN INDEX 
 
 ■;; 
 
 
 I'AGK 
 
 
 PACE 
 
 
 PACE 
 
 lOI 
 
 Hun, 
 
 146 
 
 riTHua, . 
 
 107 
 
 213 
 
 HXT,, 
 
 59 
 
 niiTb, 
 
 ■37 
 
 81 
 
 III 
 
 Kain., 
 
 69, 7^^ 
 
 riirib/iccfiTb, 
 
 46 
 
 194 
 
 207 
 
 KaMCUb, . 
 Khcjhh, . 
 
 157 
 187 
 
 Pa3Cita3biBaTb, 
 PonnbiM, . 
 
 216 
 173 
 
 Kor^a, 
 
 96 
 
 Von, 
 
 132 
 
 58 
 
 Koaeji, . 
 
 127 
 
 Pon., 
 
 145 
 
 175 
 
 KoiKa, 
 
 153 
 
 Pyita, . 
 
 129 
 
 214 
 
 KoMapi, . 
 
 142 
 
 PbiGa, 
 
 124 
 
 70 
 
 ' KopoBa, . 
 
 "3 
 
 Piita, . 
 
 ISO 
 
 100 
 
 KoCTb, 
 
 170 
 
 
 
 88 
 
 KoTOpblH, 
 
 62 
 
 Ca^HTbcir,, 
 
 209 
 
 164 
 
 Koi"b, 
 
 112 
 
 CBHUbfl, . 
 
 131 
 
 104 
 
 KpacHBbiu, 
 
 178 
 
 CBilT., 
 
 . 138 
 
 128 
 
 KpacHbiii, 
 
 181 
 
 CeroAiin, • 
 
 94 
 
 114 
 
 KpaTKiii, 
 
 179 
 
 CcMb, 
 
 39 
 
 40 
 
 KpHBoii, . 
 
 171 
 
 Cito.ibito, . 
 
 77 
 
 212 
 
 KpOBb, . 
 
 108 
 
 CiaAitiii, ■ 
 
 190 
 
 103 
 
 KpoTitiii, . 
 
 184 
 
 C.ioiib, 
 
 J 20 
 
 52 
 
 Kpyiubiii, 
 
 '83 
 
 C.iyiiiaTi., 
 
 202 
 
 191 
 
 Kto, 
 
 63,64 
 
 CmIditi.cii, 
 
 204 
 
 78 
 
 Kto nn6yAb, 
 
 65 
 
 Counua, , 
 
 u6 
 
 
 Kt,, 
 
 93 
 
 Cojuac, 
 
 158 
 
 97 
 
 
 
 COAb, 
 
 152 
 
 121 
 
 AacTh, 
 
 137 
 
 Copoin., . 
 
 45 
 
 211 
 
 Aonna., . 
 
 109 
 
 Cnai'b, 
 
 210 
 
 130 
 
 JLomaAb, . 
 
 133 
 
 Cto, 
 
 47 
 
 135 
 
 Jyna, 
 
 141 
 
 Gip'ka, . 
 
 106 
 
 144 
 168 
 
 Majo, 
 
 79 
 
 Cwpofi, . 
 
 Ct., ... 
 
 180 
 99 
 
 177 
 
 MajbiH, . 
 
 186 
 
 Macjo, . 
 
 148 
 
 Taia, 
 
 . 89, 92 
 
 102 
 
 Maib, 
 
 143 
 
 TaMT>, 
 
 91 
 
 73 
 
 MeiKAy, • 
 
 71 
 
 TBoii, 
 
 55 
 
 200 
 
 Mnoro, . 
 
 80 
 
 Tcncpi 
 
 84 
 
 34 
 
 Moj'iaTb, 
 
 208 
 
 Turpi., . 
 
 160 
 
 43 
 
 MOH, .... 
 
 54 
 
 Tor^a, . 
 
 90 
 
 41 
 
 MypaHCJi, 
 
 los 
 
 TOUKJH, 
 
 192 
 
 "5 
 
 Mbi, 
 
 51 
 
 ToT'b, 
 
 61 
 
 163 
 162 
 
 Ha, 
 
 86 
 
 Tpn, . 
 
 35 
 
 42 
 
 IlaAT., 
 
 67 
 
 TpiuuaTb, 
 Tbi, 
 
 44 
 
 174 
 
 rlaniT., 
 
 57 
 
 49 
 
 179 
 
 HeSo, 
 
 154 
 
 ySnib, 
 
 203 
 
 134 
 
 Ilora, 
 
 126 
 
 ynocHTb, . 
 
 215 
 
 151 
 
 H016, 
 
 147 
 
 YcTajocTb, 
 
 i6s 
 
 167, 193 
 
 Eivh, 
 
 82 
 
 Yxo, 
 
 117 
 
 56 
 
 OSesbnna, 
 
 140 
 
 XO/lHTb, . 
 
 206 
 
 159 
 . 136 
 172 , 
 
 95 
 156 
 
 75 
 176 
 118 
 
 OrOHb, . 
 Ona, 
 
 123 
 33 
 53 
 
 XoJOAUblH, 
 
 I^B'ki., . 
 
 170 
 125 
 
 Ott., 
 Oicivb, . 
 
 50 
 
 74.85 
 
 122 
 
 tlejOBiifb, 
 lepiibiu, . 
 'leibipe, . 
 
 139 
 169 
 
 36 
 
 HflTb, 
 
 198 
 
 HeTbipeyroiUHM, 
 
 188 
 
 njaitaTb, 
 
 218 
 
 ^^o naGy/ib, 
 
 66 
 
 iSS 
 182 
 
 Ho^nHMaTb, 
 IIonHMaTb, 
 
 205 
 217 
 
 niecTb, . 
 
 38 
 
 161 
 
 IIoiCMy, . 
 
 98 
 
 'BcTb, 
 
 199 
 
 
 npn^TH, . 
 
 197 
 
 il, . . . 
 
 iliiuo. 
 
 
 68 
 
 npnnocnTb, 
 
 196 
 
 48 
 
 201 
 
 IIpocnyTbCfi, . 
 
 195 
 
 119 
 
 87 
 
 npflMoii, . 
 
 189 
 
 9Ton., 
 
 60 
 

 
 
 
 LATIN INDEX. 
 
 
 
 
 
 I'AGE 
 
 PAGE 
 
 rAGE 
 
 Ab (de), .... 74 
 
 Flumen, . , . , it;o 
 
 Pinguis, . . . . 172 
 
 Acerbus, . 
 
 Ad, . 
 
 -ae (-as), -is, etc 
 
 Aer, . 
 
 Albus, 
 
 Aliquid, 
 
 Aliquis, 
 
 Amaras, . 
 
 
 
 . 187 
 
 Folium, 
 
 
 
 
 '37 
 
 Piscis, 
 
 
 
 124 
 
 
 
 93 
 
 Formica, 
 
 
 
 
 105 
 
 Plantago, , 
 
 
 
 T49 
 
 
 
 8s 
 
 Frigidus, 
 
 
 
 
 170 
 
 Planus, 
 
 
 
 '73 
 
 
 
 104 
 
 194 
 
 66 
 
 6s 
 
 168 
 
 Grandis, 
 
 Heri, 
 Hie, . 
 Hie, . 
 Hodie, 
 Homo, 
 
 
 
 
 175 
 
 103 
 60 
 
 Procerus, , 
 Prope, 
 Pulcher, . 
 Pulsare, 
 
 
 
 19] 
 81 
 
 '77 
 213 
 
 Aqua, 
 Arbor, 
 
 
 
 164 
 162 
 
 
 
 
 75 
 94 
 
 Quadraginta, 
 Quadratus, 
 
 
 
 45 
 188 
 
 Ater, . 
 
 
 
 169 
 
 
 
 
 139 
 
 Quantum, . 
 
 
 
 77 
 
 Audire, 
 
 
 
 202 
 
 Ignis, 
 
 
 
 
 123 
 
 Quatuor, , 
 
 
 
 36 
 
 Auferre, 
 
 
 
 215 
 
 lUe, . 
 
 
 
 
 5° 
 61 
 
 Qui (quod), 
 
 
 
 62 
 
 Auris, 
 
 
 
 117 
 
 Ille, . 
 
 
 
 
 Qui, . . 
 
 
 
 76 
 
 Aut, . 
 
 
 
 87 
 
 Illi, . 
 
 
 
 
 S3 
 
 Quid, 
 
 
 
 64 
 
 Avis, . 
 
 
 
 107 
 
 Illic, . 
 
 
 
 
 tJsJ 
 
 91 
 
 Quinquaginta, 
 
 
 
 46 
 
 BiBERE, 
 
 Bonus, 
 Bos, . 
 
 
 
 198 
 174 
 III 
 
 In, . 
 
 Intelligere, 
 
 Inter, 
 
 Intra, 
 
 
 
 
 78 
 217 
 
 71 
 
 100 
 
 Quinque, . 
 
 Quis, 
 
 Quum, 
 
 Rectus, . 
 
 
 
 37 
 63 
 96 
 
 189 
 204 
 
 . 183 
 181 
 
 Calidus, . 
 
 
 
 . 178 
 
 Ire, . 
 
 
 
 
 201 
 
 Ridere, 
 
 
 
 Canis, 
 
 
 
 116 
 
 Ita, . 
 
 
 
 
 89 
 
 Rotundus, . 
 
 
 
 Caper, 
 
 
 127 
 
 Ita, . 
 
 
 
 
 102 
 
 Rufus, 
 
 
 
 Capere, 
 Caput, 
 Centum, . 
 Cesium, 
 
 
 
 214 
 
 130 
 
 47 
 
 TS4 
 
 Lacrimari 
 
 Lapis, 
 
 Lassitudo, 
 
 Longe, 
 
 Longus, 
 
 Loqui, 
 
 Luna, 
 
 Lux, . 
 
 
 
 
 218 
 
 '57 
 . i6s 
 
 Sagitta, , 
 Sal, . 
 Sanguis, . 
 
 
 
 106 
 152 
 108 
 
 Considere, 
 
 
 
 209 
 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 Septem, 
 
 
 
 39 
 
 Comix, 
 Cornu, 
 Cras, 
 Crinis, 
 
 
 
 114 
 
 132 
 
 95 
 
 ]28 
 
 
 
 
 179 
 
 211 
 
 141 
 
 • 138 
 
 Serpens, . 
 Sex, . 
 Sic, . 
 Simia, 
 
 
 
 '55 
 
 92 
 140 
 
 Crudus, 
 
 
 
 180 
 
 Macer, 
 
 
 
 
 192 
 
 Sine, . 
 
 
 
 lOI 
 
 Culex pipiens, . 
 
 
 
 142 
 
 Malus, 
 
 
 
 
 167 
 
 Sitis, . 
 
 
 
 159 
 
 Cum, 
 
 
 
 99 
 
 Manus, 
 
 
 
 
 129 
 
 Sol, . 
 
 
 
 rS8 
 
 Cur, . 
 
 
 
 98 
 
 Mater, 
 
 
 
 
 '43 
 
 Stare, 
 
 
 
 212 
 
 Currere, . 
 
 
 
 207 
 
 Maturus, . 
 
 
 
 
 182 
 
 Stella, 
 
 
 
 156 
 
 Curtus, 
 
 
 
 185 
 
 Meus, 
 
 
 
 
 54 
 144 
 
 Subter, 
 
 
 
 70 
 
 Curvus, 
 
 
 
 171 
 
 Mons, 
 
 
 
 
 Super, 
 
 
 
 67 
 
 Cutis, 
 
 
 
 153 
 
 Movere, . 
 
 
 
 
 206 
 
 Super, 
 
 
 
 86 
 
 Dare, * . 
 Decern, 
 Deformis, . 
 
 
 
 200 
 
 42 
 
 ig-? 
 
 Multum, . 
 Navis, 
 Ne (non), . 
 
 
 
 
 80 
 109 
 
 83 
 
 Sus, . 
 
 Suus, 
 
 Suus, 
 
 
 
 '3' 
 
 56 
 59 
 
 Deus, 
 
 
 
 161 
 
 Necare, 
 
 
 
 
 2 03 
 
 Tacere, . 
 
 
 
 208 
 
 Dicere, 
 
 
 
 216 
 
 Nomen, , 
 Non, , 
 Nos, . 
 
 
 
 
 146 
 82 
 
 Terra, 
 
 
 
 118 
 
 Dies, 
 
 
 
 "5 
 
 
 
 
 Tigris, . 
 
 
 
 160 
 
 Dioscorea, 
 
 
 
 166 
 
 
 
 
 5' 
 
 Tollere, . 
 
 
 
 205 
 35 
 45 
 49 
 90 
 
 Domus, . , 
 Dormire, . 
 ' Dulcis, 
 Duo, 
 
 
 
 134 
 
 210 
 
 190 
 
 34 
 
 Noster, 
 Novem, 
 Nox, . 
 Nunc, 
 
 
 
 
 57 
 
 41 
 
 '47 
 
 84 
 
 Tres, 
 
 Triginta, . 
 Tu, . . , 
 Tunc, 
 
 
 
 Edere, 
 
 
 
 199 
 
 OCTO, 
 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 Tuus, 
 
 
 
 55 
 
 Ego, . 
 
 
 
 48 
 
 Oculus, 
 
 
 
 
 121 
 
 Ubi, . 
 
 07 
 
 Elephas, . 
 
 
 
 120 
 
 Oleum, 
 
 
 
 
 148 
 
 Unus, 
 
 
 Z2> 
 
 Equus, 
 
 
 
 133 
 
 Os, . 
 
 
 
 
 145 
 
 Ut, . . . 
 
 
 
 69 
 
 Et, . 
 
 
 
 68 
 
 Os, , ,. 
 
 
 
 
 110 
 
 
 
 
 
 Expergisci, 
 
 
 , 
 
 '95 
 
 Ovum, 
 
 
 
 
 119 
 
 Vacca (bos), 
 
 
 
 "3 
 
 Extra, 
 
 
 
 88 
 
 Parvus, . 
 
 
 
 
 184 
 
 Venire, 
 Vester, 
 
 
 
 '97 
 
 58 
 
 Fames, 
 
 
 
 135 
 
 Parvus, 
 
 
 
 
 186 
 
 Via, . 
 
 
 
 '5' 
 
 Felis, 
 
 
 
 112 
 
 Pater, 
 
 
 
 
 122 
 
 Vicus, 
 
 
 
 163 
 
 Ferre, 
 
 
 
 196 
 
 Paulum, 
 
 
 
 
 ' 79 
 
 Viginti, 
 
 
 
 43 
 
 Ferrum, , 
 
 
 
 136 
 
 Per, . 
 
 
 
 
 72 
 
 Viridis, 
 
 
 
 176 
 
 Flos, , 
 
 
 
 125 
 
 Pes, . 
 
 
 
 
 126 
 
 Vos, . 
 
 
 
 52