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Contains the Text and Translation of the Document emanating from Russia, and dated St. Petershurgh, August 12th, 1898, proposing a conference to discuss the maintenance of universal peace : and a possible reduction of excessive armaments ; and other relative correspondence. [C. 9090] of Session 1899. Price lrf., post free \±d. The above paper is continued by PEACE CONFERENCE HELD AT THE HAGUE IN 1899. P f) j : 'V \ ':.' , j ' CORRESPONDENCE. \. Contains further note on the subject of the Conference proposed by Russia, and the reply of Great Britain accepting the invitation ; The Hague as selected venue ; Appointment of Representatives ; Invitation to the Conference, from the IN etherland G overnment : Names of British Delegates ; Appointment of British Plenipotentiaries ; Proch-verbal of the first three meetings of the Conference ; Proceedings of the Arbitration Commission ; Proposal for a Permanent Tribunal ; Proceedings of Military and Naval Commissions, with Reports ; Report of Sub-Commission on Weapons to be used in War ; Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva Convention to Maritime Warfare ; Discussion on Bullets and Small Arms ; Limitation of Armaments ; Question of Private Property at Sea ; Expanding Bullets ; Submarine Cables ; Projectiles discharging Asphyxiating Gases. Signing the Final Act ; Further meetings of the Conference ; Summary of Work of the Conference ; &c. [C. 9534] gf Session 1899. Price tyf \0\d., post free 3s. 2M, With reference to the above, follows SECOND PEACE CONFERENCE, HELD AT THE HAGUE IN 1907. CORRESPONDENCE. Contains the Russian Government's suggestion that the Second Peace Conference might meet at The Hague in July, 1906, and mentions the principal points of the programme for discussion ; outlines the method in which States who were non-participants in the First Conference of 1899 might accede to the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes signed in 1899. Acknowledgment, of the .above correspondence by His Majesty's Government, with observations on the Russian Government's proposals and views of His Majesty's Government as to the question of the reduction of expenditure upon armaments. Observations as to the attitude of certain Powers in regard to questions which may be discussed at the Second Peace Conference. Invitation from the Netherlands Government to His Majesty's ; Government to attend 'the Second Peace Conference on June 15, 1907, and its acceptance. Views of His Majesty's Government as to the various questions that will be discussed ; Proposal: to sign the Final Act only, reserving the text °l *r v , a / l ? ns Popjentions ai ^ Declarations for further consideration by the various Departments of His Majesty s Government ; Concurrence in this Proposal. Observations on the results of the meeting. The Final Act and annexed Conventions, &c, with names of Plenipotentiaries and JJelegates, with translation. Tabular Statement showing which Powers signed the Final Act and Conventions, and also what reservations were made in signing. &c. [Cd. 3857] of Session 1908. Price Is. 6d., post free Is. lOd. MISCELLANEOUS. No. 6 (1908). FINAL ACT OF THE SECOND PEACE CONFERENCE HELD AT THE HAGUE IN 1907, AND CONTENTIONS AND DECLAKATION ANNEXED TIEKETO. Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of His Majesty. July 1908. LONDON: PEINTED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE By DARLING and SON, Limited, Bacon Street, E. ; ' 'To be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from : ' 'K" WYMAN and SONS, Limited, 29, Breams Buildings, Fetter Lane, E.C., 28, Abingdon Street, S.W., and 54, St. Mary Street, Cardiff; or H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE (Scottish Branch), 23, Forth Street, Edinburgh; or E. PONSONBY, Limited, 116, Grafton Street, Dublin; or from the Agencies in the British Colonies and Dependencies, the United States of America, the Continent of Europe and Abroad of T. FISHER UNWIN, London, W.C. [Cd. 4175.] Price Is. 3d. ldli. ! ' i>K'i.Y : u,<^ri Y Kb^^o TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page FINAL ACT OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL PEACE CONFERENCE 1 No. 1. — Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes 17 No. 2.T— Convention respecting the Limitation of the Employment of Force for the Recovery, of Contract Debts 38 No. 3. — Convention relative to the Opening of Hostilities 42 No. 4. — Convention concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land ... ... ... ... 46 No. 5. — ConventionrespectingtheRightsandDutiesof Neutral Powers and Persons in War on Land 62 No. 6. — Convention relative to the Status or Enemy Merchant-ships at the Outbreak of Hostilities 69 No. 7. — Convention relative to the Conversion of Merchant-ships into War-ships 73 No. 8. — Convention relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines 77 No. 9. — Convention respecting Bombardments by Naval Forces in Time of War 82 No. 10. — Convention for the Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva Convention to Maritime War 87 No. 11. — Convention relative to certain Restrictions on the Exercise of the Right of Capture in Maritime War 96 « No. 12. — Convention relative to the Establishment of an International Prize Court ... ... 101 No. 13. — Convention respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in Maritime War ... 117 Declaration prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons 126 Draft Convention relative to the Creation of a Judicial Arbitration Court (see Final Act, p. 15)... 128 TABLE of the States represented at the Second Peace Conference which signed the Conventions, Declaration, and Final Act. Signatures affixed, and Reservations formulated up to June 30, 1908, when, by virtue of the Final Act, the period within which the above instruments were to be signed expired, with the exception of Convention No. 12 236 Final Act of the Second Peace Conference held at The Hague in 1907, and Conventions and Declaration annexed thereto. (Translation.) Acte Final de la Deuxieme Con- Final Act of the Second Inter- ference Internationale de la national Peace Conference. Paix. LA Deuxieme Conference Internationale de la Paix, proposee d'abord par M. le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique, ayant ete, sur l'invitation de Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur de Toutes les Russies, convoquee par Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas, s'est reunie le 15 Juin, 1907, a La Haye, dans la Salle des Chevaliers, avec la mission de donner un developpement nouveau aux principes humanitaires qui ont servi de base k l'oeuvre de la Premiere Conference de 1899. Les Puissances,, dont l'enumeration suit, ont pris part k la Conference, pour la- quelle elles avaient designe les Delegues nommes ci-apres : — L'Allemagne : Son Excellence le Baron Marschall de Bieberstein, Ministre d'Etat, Ambas-, sadeur Imperial k Constantinople, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Kreige, Envoy e Imperial en Mission Extraordinaire a la presente Confer- ence, Conseiller Intime de Legation et Jurisconsulte au Departement des Affaires Etrangeres, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Second Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Contre-Amiral Siegel, Attache Naval a l'Ambassade Imperiale a Paris, Delegue de la Marine ; M. le Major-General de Giindell, Quartier- Maitre Superieur du Grand Etat- Major de l'Armee Royale de Prusse, Delegue Militaire ; M. Zorn, Professeur k la Faculte de Droit de l'Universite de Bonn, Con- seiller Intime de Justice, Membre de la Chambre des Seigneurs de Prusse, et Syndic de la Couronne, Delegue Scientifique ; (2814—8.) Wt. 25143— 81. 2000. 10/14. D & S. G. 2. THE Second International Peace Con- ference, proposed in the first instance by the President of the United States of America, having been convoked, on the invitation of His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias, by Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands, assembled on the 15th June, 1907, at The Hague, in the Hall of the Knights, for the purpose of giving a fresh development to the humanitarian principles which served as a basis for the work of the First Conference of 1899. The following Powers took part in the Conference, and appointed the Delegates named below : — Germany : His Excellency Baron Marschall de Bieberstein, Minister of State, Im- perial Ambassador at Constantinople, First Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Kriege, Imperial Envoy on Extra- ordinary Mission at the present Con- ference, Privy Councillor of Legation and Legal Adviser to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Rear-Admiral Siegel, Naval Attache to the Imperial Embassy at Paris, Naval Delegate ; Major-General de Giindell, Quarter- Master General of the General Staff of the Royal Prussian Army, Military Delegate ; M. Zorn, Professor to the Faculty of Law at the University of Bonn, Judicial Privy Councillor, Member of the Prussian Upper Chamber, and Crown Syndic, Scientific Delegate ; A 2 M. Goppert, Conseiller de Legation et Conseiller Adjoint au Departement des Affaires Etrangeres, Dengue Ad- joint ; M. Retzmann, Capitaine-Lieutenant de l'Etat- Major General de la Marine, Delegue Adjoint de la Marine. Les Etats-Unis d'Amerique : Son Excellence Mr. Joseph H. Choate, ancien Ambassadeur a Londres, Ara- bassadeur Extraordinaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence Mr. Horace Porter, ancien Ambassadeur a Paris, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire, Delegue Plenipoten- tiaire ; Son Excellence Mr. Uriah M. Rose, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence Mr. David Jayne Hill, ancien Sous- Secretaire d'Etat des Affaires Etrangeres, Envoye Extra- ordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Contre-Amiral Charles S. Sperry, ancien President de l'Ecole de Guerre Maritime, Ministre Plenipotentiaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le General de Brigade George B. Davis, Chef de la Justice Militaire de 1'Armee des Etats-Unis, Ministre Pleni- potentiaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Mr. William I. Buchanan, ancien Ministre k Buenos-Ayres, ancien Ministre au Panama, Ministre Plenipotentiaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Mr. James Brown Scott, Jurisconsulte du Department d'Etat des Affaires Etrangeres, Delegue Technique ; Mr. Charles Henry Butler, Rapporteur de la Cour Supreme, Delegue Tech- nique. La Republique Argentine : Son Excellence M. Roque Saenz Pefia, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etran- geres, Envoye Extraordinaire et Min- istre Plenipotentiaire a Rome, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Dengue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Luis M. Drago, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres, De- pute, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres, Membre de la Cour Per- manente d'Arbitrage, Dengue Pleni- potentiaire ; M. le General Francisco Reynolds, At- tache Militaire a Berlin, Delegue Technique ; M. Goppert. Councillor of Legation and Councillor attached to the Department for Foreign Affairs, Assistant Dele- gate ; M. Retzmann, Lieutenant - Commander on the Naval General Staff, Assistant Naval Delegate. The United States of America : His Exellency Mr. Joseph H. Choate, ex-Ambassador at London, Ambas- sador Extraordinary, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; His Excellency Mr. Horace Porter, ex- Ambassador at Paris, Ambassador Ex- traordinary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Mr. Uriah M. Rose, Ambassador Extraordinary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Mr. David Jayne Hill, ex - Under - Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Rear-Admiral Charles S. Sperry, ex- President of the Naval War College, Minister Plenipotentiary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Brigadier - General George B. Davis, Judge Advocate-General of the United States' Army, Minister Plenipotentiary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Mr. William I. Buchanan, ex-Minister at Buenos Ayres, ex-Minister at Panama, Minister Plenipotentiary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Mr. James Brown Scott, Legal Adviser to the State Department for Foreign Affairs, Technical Delegate ; Mr. Charles Henry Butler, Reporter of the Supreme Court, Technical Dele- gate. The Argentine Republic : His Excellency M. Roque Saenz Pefia, ex-Minister for Foreign Affairs, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at Rome, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Luis M. Drago, ex- Minister for Foreign Affairs, Deputy, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Carlos Rodriguez Larreta, ex-Minister for Foreign Af- fairs, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipoten- tiary ; General Francisco Reynolds, Military Attache at Berlin, Technical Delegate ; M. le Capitaine de Vaisseau Juan A. Martin, ancien Ministre de la Marine, Attache Naval a Londres, Delegue Technique. L'Autriche-Hongrie : Son Excellence M. Gaetan Merey de Kapos-M^re, Conseiller Intime de Sa Majeste Imperiale et Royale Apos- tolique, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire et Plenipotentiaire, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence le Baron Charles de Macchio, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Athenes, Second Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Henri Lammasch, Professeur a l'Uni- versite de Vienne, Conseiller Aulique, Membre de la Chambre des Seigneurs du Reichsrath Autrichien, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Dele- gue Scientifique ; M. Antoine Haus, Contre-Amiral, Dele- gue Naval ; M. le Baron Wladimir Giesl de Gieslin- gen, Major-General, Plenipotentiaire Militaire a 1'Ambassade Imperiale et Royale a Constantinople et a la Lega- tion Imperiale et Royale a Athenes, Delegue Militaire ; M. le Chevalier Othon de Weil, Con- seiller Aulique et Ministerial au Minis- tere de la Maison Imperiale et Royale et des Affaires Etrangeres, Delegue ; M. Jules Szilassy de Szilas et Pilis, Conseiller de Legation, Delegue ; M. Emile Konek de Norw^all, Lieutenant de Vaisseau de Premiere Classe, Delegue Adjoint. La Belgique : Son Excellence M. A. Beernaert, Ministre d'Etat, Membre de la Chambre des Representants, Membre de l'lnstitut de France et des Academies Royales de Belgique et de Roumanie, Membre d'Honneur de l'lnstitut de Droit Inter- national, Membre de la Cour Per- manente d'Arbitrage, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire ; Son Excellence M. J. van den Heuvel, Ministre d'Etat, ancien Ministre de la Justice, Delegue^ Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence le Baron Guillaume, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Membre de l'Academie Royale de Roumanie, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. Captain Juan A. Martin, ex-Minister of Marine, Naval Attache at London, Technical Delegate. La Bolivie : Son Excellence M. Claudio Pinella, Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres, Mem- Austria- Hungary : His Excellency M. Gaetan Merey de Kapos-Mere, Privy Councillor of His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty, Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- potentiary, First Delegate Plenipoten- tiary ; His Excellency Baron Charles de Macchio, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Athens, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Henri Lammasch, Professor at the University of Vienna, Aulic Council- lor, Member of the Austrian Upper Chamber of the Reichsrath, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Scientific Delegate ; M. Antoine Haus, Rear-Admiral, Naval Delegate ; Baron Wladimir Giesl de Gieslingen, Major-General, Military Plenipoten- tiary at the Imperial and Royal Em- bassy at Constantinople and at the Imperial and Royal Legation at Athens, Military Delegate ; The Chevalier Othon de Weil, Aulic and Ministerial Councillor at the Ministry of the Imperial and Royal Household and of Foreign Affairs, Delegate ; M. Jules Szilassy de Szilas et Pilis, Councillor of Legation, Delegate ; M. Emile Konek de Norwall, Naval Lieutenant of the First Class, Dele- gate Attached. Belgium : His Excellency M. A. Beernaert, Minister of State, Member of the Chamber of Representatives, Member of the In- stitute of France and of the Royal Academies of Belgium and Roumania, Honorary Member of the Institute of International Law, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; « His Excellency M. J. van den Heuvel, Minister of* State, ex-Minister . of Justice, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Baron Guillaume, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at The Hague, Member of the Royal Academy of Roumania, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Bolivia : His Excellency M. Claudio Pinilla, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Member brede la Com* Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire • Son Excellence M. Fernando E. Gua- challa, Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Londres, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. Le Bresil : Son Excellence M. Ruy Barbosa, Ambas- sadeur Extraordinaire et Plenipoten- tiaire, Vice-President du Senat, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Eduardo F. S. dos Santos Lisboa, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Colonel Roberto Trompowsky Leitao de Almeida, Attache Militaire a La Haye, Delegue Technique ; M. le Capitaine de Fregate Tancredo Burlamaqui de Moura, Delegue Tech- nique. La Bulgarie : M. le General-Major de Etat-Major Vrban Vinaroff, General a la suite, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Ivan Karandjouloff, Procureur-General de la Cour de Cassation, Second Dele- gue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Capitaine de Fregate S. Dimitrieff, Chef de l'Etat-Major de la Flottille Bulgare, Delegue. Le Chili : Son Excellence M. Domingo Gana, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Londres, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Augusto Matte, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Berlin, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Carlos Concha, ancien Ministre de la Guerre, ancien Presi- dent de la Chambre des Deputes, ancien Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Buenos- Ayres, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. La Chine : Son Excellence M. Lou Tseng-Tsiang, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence the Honourable John W- Foster, ancien Secretaire d'Etat au Departement des Affaires Etrangeres des Etats-Unis d'Amerique, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Tsien-Sun, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipoten- of the Permanent Court of Arbitration,. Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Fernando E. Gua- challa, Minister Plenipotentiary at London, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Brazil : His Excellency M. Ruy Barbosa, Ambas- sador Extraordinary and Plenipoten- tiary, Vice-President of the Senate, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Eduardo F. S. dos Santos Lisb6a, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Colonel Roberto Trompowsky Leitao de Almeida, Military Attache at The Hague, Technical Delegate ; Commander Tancredo Burlamaqui de Moura, Technical Delegate. Bulgaria : Major-General on the Staff Vrban Vinaroff, General a la suite, First Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Ivan Karandjouloff, Procureur- General of the Court of Cassation, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Commander S. Dimitrieff, Chief of the Staff of the Bulgarian Flotilla, Dele- gate. Chile : His Excellency M. Domingo Gana, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni- potentiary at London, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; His Excellency M. Augusto Matte, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at Berlin, Delegate Plenipo- tentiary ; His Excellency M. Carlos Concha, ex- Minis ter of War, ex- President of the Chamber of Deputies, ex-Envoy Ex- traordinary and Minister Plenipoten- tiary at Buenos Ayres, Delegate Plenipotentiary. China : His Excellency Mr. Lu Tseng-Tsiang, Ambassador Extraordinary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency the Honourable John W. Foster, ex- Secretary of State at the United States' Department for Foreign Affairs, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Mr. Tsien-Sun, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tiaife a La Haye, Delegue Plenipo- fpnt"iflii*p " M. le Colonel W. S. Y. Tinge, Chef du Bureau de Justice Militaire au Minis- tere de la Guerre, Delegue Militaire ; M. Tchang Tching Tong, Secretaire de Legation, Delegue Adjoint ; M. Tchao-Hi-Tchiou, ancien Secretaire de la Mission et de la Legation Im- periale de Chine a Paris et a Rome, Delegue Adjoint. La Colombie : M. le General Jorge Holguin, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Santiago Perez Triana, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire ; Son Excellence le General M. Vargas, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Paris, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. La Republique de Cuba : M. Antonio Sanchez de Bustamante Professeur de Droit International a l'Universite de La Havane, Senateur de la Republique, Delegue Plenipoten- tiaire ; Son Excellence M. Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Wash- ington, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Manuel Sanguily, ancien Directeur de l'lnstitut d'Enseignement Secon- daire de La Havane, Senateur de la Republique, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. Le Danemark : Son Excellence M. C. Brun, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire a Washington, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Contre-Amiral C. F. Scheller, Deuxieme Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. A. Vedel, Chambellan, Chef de Sec- tion au Ministere Royal des Affaires Etrangeres, Troisieme Delegue Pleni- potentiaire. La Republique Dominicaine : M. Francisco Henriquez i Carvajal, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres, Mem- bre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbi- trage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. M. Apolinar Tejera, Recteur de l'lnstitut Professionnel de Saint - Domingue, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. tentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Colonel W. S. Y. Tinge, Judge Ad- vocate-General at the War Office, Military Delegate ; Mr. Chang Ching Tong, Secretary of Legation, Assistant Delegate ; Mr. Chao-Hi-Chiu, ex- Secretary of the Imperial Chinese Mission and Legation at Paris and Rome, Assistant Delegate. Colombia, : General Jorge Holguin, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; M. Santiago Perez Triana, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency General M. Vargas, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary • at Paris, Delegate Plenipotentiary. The Republic of Cuba : M. Antonio Sanchez de Bustamante, Professor of International Law at the University of Havana, Senator of the Republic, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Gonzalo de Quesada y Arostegui, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Washing- ton, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Manuel Sanguily, ex-Director of the Institute of Secondary Education at Havana, Senator of the Republic, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Denmark : His Excellency M. C. Brun, Envoy Ex- traordinary and Minister Plenipoten- tiary at Washington, First Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Rear- Admiral C. F. Scheller, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. A.Vedel, Chamberlain, Head of De- partment at the Royal Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Third Delegate Pleni- potentiary. The Dominican Republic : M. Francisco Henriquez i Carvajal, ex- Miriister for Foreign Affairs, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Apolinar Tejera, Rector of the Pro- fessional Institute of Santo Domingo, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary. La Republique de l'Equateur : The Republic of the Ecuador ; Son Excellence M. Victor Rendon, His Excellency M. Victor Rendon, Envoy Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- Plenipotentiaire a Paris et a Madrid, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Enrique Dorn y de Alsua, Charge d' Affaires, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; L'Espagne : Son Excellence M. W. R. De Villa- Urrutia, Senateur, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres, Ambas- sadeur Extraordinaire et Plenipoten- tiaire a Londres, Premier Delegue^ Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Jose de la Rica y Calvo, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Gabriel Maura y Gamazo, Comte de la Mortera, Depute aux Cortes, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; t M. J. Jofre Montojo, Colonel d'Etat- Major, Aide de Camp du Ministre de la Guerre, Delegue Adjoint Militaire ; M. le Capitaine de Vaisseau Francisco Chacon, Delegue Adjoint Naval. La France : Son Excellence M. Leon Bourgeois, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire, Sena- teur, ancien President du Conseil, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etran- geres, Membre de la Cour Permanante d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Baron d'Estournelles de Constant, Senateur, Ministre Plenipotentiaire de Premiere Classe, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue, Deuxieme Plenipotentiaire ; M. Louis Renault, Professeur a la Faculte de Droit de Paris, Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire Honoraire, Jurisconsulte du Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres Membre de l'lnstitut, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Dele- gue, Troisieme Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Marcellin Pellet, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a la Haye, Dengue, Quatrieme Plenipotentiaire ; M. le General de Division Amourel, Delegue Militaire ; M. le Contre-Amiral Arago, Delegue" de la Marine ; M. Fromageot, Avocat a la Cour d'Appel de Paris, Delegue Technique ; M. le Capitaine de Vaisseau Lacaze, Deuxieme Delegue - de la Marine ; M. le Lieutenant -Colon el Sib en, Attache" Militaire a Bruxelles et a La Haye, Deuxieme Delegue Militaire. La Grande-Bretagne : Son Excellence the Right Honourable Sir Edward Fry, G.C.B., Membre du tentiary at Paris and Madrid, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Enrique Dorn y de Alsua, Charge d' Affaires, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Spain : His Excellency M. W. R. De Villa- Urrutia, Senator, ex-Minister for Foreign Affairs, Ambassador Extra- ordinary and Plenipotentiary at Lon- don, First Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Jose de la Rica y Calvo, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Gabriel Maura y Gamazo, Count de la Mortera, Deputy to the Cortes, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. J. Jofre Montojo, Colonel on the Staff, Aide-de-camp to the Minister of War, Assistant Military Delegate ; Captain Francisco Chacon, Assistant Naval Delegate. France : His Excellency M. Leon Bourgeois, Am- bassador Extraordinary, Senator, ex- President of the Council, ex-Minister for Foreign Affairs, Member of. the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Dele- gate, First Plenipotentiary ; Baron d'Estournelles de Constant, Sena- tor, Minister Plenipotentiary of the First Class, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate, Second Plenipotentiary ; M. Louis Renault, Professor at the Faculty of Law at Paris, Honorary Minister Plenipotentiary, Legal Ad- viser to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Member of the Institute, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate, Third Plenipo- tentiary ; His Excellency M. Marcellin Pellet, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Dele- gate, Fourth Plenipotentiary ; General of Division Amourel, Military Delegate ; Rear- Admiral Arago, Naval Delegate ; M. Fromageot, Advocate at the Court of Appeal at Paris, Technical Delegate ; Captain Lacaze, Second Naval Delegate ; Lieutenant-Colonel Siben, Military At- tache at Brussels and The Hague, Secondary Military Delegate. Great Britain : His Excellency the Right Honourable Sir Edward" Fry, G.C.B., Member of Conseil Prive, Ambassadeur Extra- ordinaire, Membre de la Cour * Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence the Right Honourable Sir Ernest Mason Satow, G.C.M.G., Membre du Conseil Prive, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence the Right Honourable Lord Reay, G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., Mem- bre du Conseil Prive, ancien President de l'lnstitut de Droit International, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence Sir Henry Howard, K.C.M.G., C.B., Envoye Extraor- dinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le General de Division Sir Edmond R. Elles, G.C.I.E., K.C.B., Detegue Militaire ; M. le Capitaine de Vaisseau C. L. Ottley, M.V.O., R.N., A.D.C., Delegue Naval; Mr. Eyre Crowe, Conseiller d'Ambassade, Delegue Technique, Premier Secretaire de la delegation ; Mr. Cecil Hurst, Conseiller d'Ambassade, Delegue Technique, Conseiller Legal de la delegation ; M. le Lieutenant-Colonel the Honourable Henry Yarde-Buller, D.S.O., Attache Militaire a La Haye, Delegue Tech- nique ; M. le Capitaine de Fregate J. R. Segrave, R.N., Delegue Technique ; M. le Commandant George K. Cockerill, Chef de Section a l'Etat-Major de l'Armee, Delegue Technique. La Grece : Son Excellence M. Cleon Rizo Rangabe Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire, a Berlin, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Georges Streit, Profess eur de Droit International a l'Universite d'Athenes, Membre de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, Second Delegue Plenipo- tentiaire ; M. le Colonel d'Artillerie C. Sapount- zakis, Chef de l'Etat-Major General, Delegue Technique. Le Guatemala : M. Jose Tible Machado, Charge" d' Affaires a La Haye et a Londres, Membre de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Enrique Gomez Carrillo, Charge d'Affaires a Berlin, Delegue Plenipo- tentiaire. La Republique d'Haiti : Son Excellence M. Jean Joseph Dal- bemar, Envoye Extraordinaire et the Privy Council, Ambassador Ex- traordinary, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; His Excellency the Right Honourable Sir Ernest Mason Satow, G.C.M.G., Member of the Privy Council, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency the Right Honourable Lord Reay, G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., Member of the Privy Council, ex- President of the Institute of International Law, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Sir Henry Howard, K.C.M.G., C.B., Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Lieutenant- General Sir Edmond R. Elles, G.C.I.E., K.C.B., Military Delegate ; Captain C. L. Ottley, M.V.O., R.N. r A.D.C., Naval Delegate ; Mr. Eyre Crowe, Councillor of Embassy, Technical Delegate, First Secretary to the delegation ; Mr, Cecil Hurst, Councillor of Embassy, Technical Delegate, Legal Adviser to the delegation ; Lieutenant - Colonel the Honourable Henry Yarde-Buller, D.S.O., Military Attache at The Hague, Technical Delegate ; Commander J. R. Segrave, R.N., Tech- nical Delegate : Major George K. Cockerill, General Staff, Technical Delegate. Greece : His Excellency M. Cleon Rizo Rangabe, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Berlin, First Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; M. Georges Streit, Professor of Inter- national Law at the University of Athens, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Colonel of Artillery C. Sapountzakis, Chief of the General Staff, Technical Delegate. Guatemala : M. Jose Tible Machado, Charge d'Affaires at The Hague and London, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Enrique Gomez Carrillo, Charge d'Affaires at Berlin, Delegate Pleni- potentiary. The Republic of Haiti : His Excellency M. Jean Joseph Dal- bemar, Envoy Extraordinary and 2811 Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Paris, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. J. N. Leger, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire a Washington, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire ; M. Pierre Hudicourt, ancien Professeur de Droit International Public, Avocat du Barreau de Port-au-Prince, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. L'ltalie : Son Excellence le Comte Joseph Tor- nielli Brusati di Vergano, S6nateur du Royaume, Ambassadeur de Sa Majeste le Roi a Paris, Membre de la Cour . Permanente d' Arbitrage, President de la delegation Italienne, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Guido Pornpilj, De- pute au Parlement, Sous-Secretaire d'Etat au Ministere Royal des Affaires Etrangeres, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Guido Fusinato, Conseiller d'Etat, Depute au Parlement, ancien Ministre de l'Enstruction, Delegue Plenipoten- tiaire ; M. Marius Nicolis de Robilant, General de Brigade, Delegue Technique ; M. Franqois Castiglia, Capitaine .de Vaisseau, Delegue Technique. Le Japon : Son Excellence M. Keiroku Tsudzuki, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire et Pleni- potentiaire, Premier Delegue Plenipo- tentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Aimaro Sato, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire a La Haye, Second Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Henry Willard Denison, Jurisconsulte du Ministere Imperial des Affaires Etrangeres, Membre de la Cour Per- manente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Tech- nique ; M. le Major-General Yoshifuru Akiyama, Inspecteur de la Cavalerie, Delegue Technique ; M. ie Contre Amiral Hayao Shimamura, President de l'Ecole de la Marine k Etajima, Delegue Technique. Le Luxembourg : Son Excellence M. Eyschen, Ministre d'Etat, President du Gouvernement Grand - Ducal, Deiegue Plenipoten- tiaire ; M. le Comte de Villiers, Charge d' Affaires a Berlin, Dengue Plenipotentiaire. Le Mexique : Son Excellence M. Gonzalo A. Esteva, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. J. N. Leger, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at Washington, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Pierre Hudicourt, ex-Professor of In- ternational Public Law, Advocate at the Bar of Port-au-Prince, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Italy : His Excellency Count Joseph Tornielli Brusati di Vergano, Senator of the Kingdom, Ambassador of His Majesty the King at Paris, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Pre- sident of the Italian delegation, Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Guido Pompilj, Par- liamentary Deputy, Under-Secretary of State at the Royal Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Delegate Plenipoten- tiary ; M. Guido Fusinato, Councillor of State, Parliamentary Deputy, ex-Minister of Education, Delegate Plenipotentiarv ; M. Marius Nicolis de Robilant, General of Brigade, Technical Delegate ; M. Franqois Castiglia, Captain in the Navy, Technical Delegate. Japan : His Excellency Mr. Keiroku Tsudzuki, Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- potentiary, First Delegate Plenipo- tentiary ; His Excellency Mr. Aimaro Sato, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at The Hague, Second Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; Mr. Henry Willard Denison, Legal Ad- viser to the Imperial Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, Tech- nical Delegate ; Major-General Yoshifuru Akiyama, In- spector of Cavalry, Technical Delegate ; Rear-Admiral Hayao Shimamura, Pre- sident of the Naval College at Etajima, Technical Delegate. Luxemburg : His Excellency M. Eyschen, Minister of State, President of the Grand-Ducal Government, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Count de Villiers, Charge d'Affaires at Berlin, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Mexico : His Excellency M. Gonzalo A. Esteva Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiaire a Rome, Premier D6legue Plenipotentiaire. Son Excellence M. Sebastian B. de Mier, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a 'Paris, Deuxieme Dengue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Francisco L. de la Barra, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Bruxelles et a La Haye, Troisieme Delegue Plenipotentiaire. Le Montenegro : Son Excellence M. Nelidow, Conseiller Prive actuel, Ambassadeur de Russie a Paris, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. de Martens, Conseiller Prive, Membre Permanent du Conseil du Ministere Imperial des Affaires Etrangeres de Russie, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Tcharykow, Con- seiller d'Etat actuel, Cbambellan, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire de Russie a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. Le Nicaragua : Son Excellence M. Crisanto Medina, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Paris, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. La Norvege : Son Excellence M. Francis Hagerup, ancien President du Conseil, ancien Professeur de Droit, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire a La Haye et a Copenhague, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Joachim Grieg, Armateur et Depute, Delegue Technique. M. Christian Lous Lange, Secretaire du Comite Nobel du Storthing Nor- vegien, Delegue Technique. Le Panama : M. Belisario Porras, Delegue Plenipo- tentiaire. Le Paraguay : Son Excellence M. Eusebio Machain, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Paris, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire. Les Pays-Bas : M. W. H. de Beaufort, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres, Membre de la Seconde Chambre des Etats-Gene- raux, Delegue Pleninotentiaire. Son Excellence M. *T. M. C. Asser, Ministre d'Etat, Membre du Conseil 2814 Plenipotentiary at Rome, First Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Sebastian B. de Mier, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris, Second Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Francisco L. de la Barra, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Brussels and at the Hague, Third Delegate Plenipotentiary. Montenegro : His Excellency M. Nelidow, Privy Coun- cillor, Russian Ambassador at Paris, Delegate Plenipotentiary. His Excellency M, de Martens, Privy Councillor, Permanent Member of the Council of the Imperial Russian Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Tcharykow, Coun- cillor of State, Chamberlain, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary of Russia at the Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Nicaragua : His Excellency M. Crisanto Medina, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Norway : His Excellency M. Francis Hagerup, ex- President of the Council, ex- Professor of Law, Member of tbe Permanent Court of Arbitration, Envoy Extra- ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague and Copenhagen, Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; M. Joachim Grieg, Shipowner and De- puty, Technical Delegate. M. Christian Lous Lange, Secretary to the Noble Committee of the Nor- wegian Storthing, Technical Delegate. Panama : M. Belisario Porras, Delegate Plenipo- tentiary. Paraguay : His Excellency M. Eusebio Machain, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris, Delegate Plenipotentiary. The Netherlands : M. W. H. de Beaufort, ex- Minister for Foreign Affairs, Member of the Second Chamber of the States-General, Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. T. M. C. Asser, Minister of State, Member of the B 2 10 d'Etat, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue" Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence le Jonkheer J. C. C. Den Beer Poortugael, Lieutenant-General en retraite, ancien Ministre de la Guerre, Membre. du Conseil d'Etat, Delegue" Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence le Jonkheer J. A. Roell, Aide de Camp de Sa Majeste la Heine en Service Extraordinaire, Vice-Amiral en retraite, ancien Ministre de la Marine, Delegue" Plenipotentiaire ; M. J. A. Loeff, ancien Ministre de la Justice, Membre de la Seconde Cham- bre des Etats-Generaux, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. H. L. van Oordt, Lieutenant- Colonel de i'Etat-Major, Professeur a l'Ecole Superieure Militaire, Delegue Tech- nique ; M. le Jonkheer W.J. M. van Eysinga, Chef de la Direction Politique au Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres, Delegue Adjoint ; M. le Jonkheer H. A. van Karnebeek, Gentilhomme de la Chambre, Sous- Chef de Division au Ministere des Colonies, Delegue Adjoint ; M. H. G. Surie, Lieutenant de Vaisseau de Premiere Classe, Delegue Tech- nique. Le Perou : " Son Excellence M. Carlos G. Candamo, Envoye" Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Paris et a Londres, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Ar- bitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Gustavo de la Fuente, Premier Sec- retaire de Legation a Paris, Delegue Adjoint. La Perse : Son Excellence Samad Khan Momtas- es-Saltaneh, Envoye" Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Paris, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Ar- bitrage, Delegue, Premier Plenipoten- tiaire ; Son Excellence Mirza Ahmed Khan Sadig ul Mulk, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Hennebicq, Jurisconsulte du Minis- tere des Affaires Etrangeres a Teheran, Delegue Technique. Le Portugal : Son Excellence le Marquis de Soyeral, Conseiller d'Etat, Pair du Royaume, ancien Ministre des Affaires Etran- geres, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Londres, Council of State, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Jonkheer J. C. C. Den Beer Poortugael, Lieutenant-General on the retired list, ex-Minister of War, Member of the Council of State, Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Jonkheer J. A. Roell, Aide-de-camp to Her Majesty the Queen in Extraordinary Service, Vice- Admiral on the retired list, ex-Minister of Marine, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. J. A. Loeff, ex-Minister of Justice, Member of the Second Chamber of the States-General, Delegate Plenipo- tentiary ; M. H. L. van Oordt, Lieutenant-Colonel on the Staff, Professor at the Higher Military College, Technical Delegate ; M. Jonkheer W. J. M. van Eysinga, Head of the Political Section at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Assistant Delegate ; M. Jonkheer H. A, van Karnebeek, Gen- tleman of the Chamber, Assistant Head of Department at the Colonial Office, Assistant Delegate ; M. H. G. Surie, Naval Lieutenant of the First Class, Technical Delegate. Peru : His Excellency M. Carlos G. Candamo, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris and London, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Gustavo de la Fuente, First Secretary of Legation at Paris, Assistant Dele- gate. Persia : His Excellency Samad Khan Momtas-es- Saltaneh, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Paris, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate, First Plenipo- tentiary ; His Excellency Mirza Ahmed Khan Sadig-ul-Mulkh, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Hennebicq, Legal Adviser to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs at Tehran, Technical Delegate. Portugal : His Excellency the Marquis de Soveral, Councillor of State, Peer of the Realm, ex-Minister for Foreign Affairs, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at London, Ambassador Extra- 11 Ambassadeur Extraordinaire et Pleni- potentiaire, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence le Comte de Selir, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Alberto d'Oliveira, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Berne, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Lieutenant-Colonel d'Etat-Major Thomaz Antonio Garcia Rosado, Dele- gue Technique ; M. Guilherme Ivens Ferraz, Capitaine- Lieutenant de la Marine, Delegue Technique. La Roumanie : Son Excellence M. Alexandre Beldiman, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Berlin, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Edgard Mavrocordato, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Second Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Capitaine Alexandre Sturdza, du Grand Etat-Major, Delegue Tech- nique. La Russie : Son Excellence M. Nelidow, Conseiller Prive actuel, Ambassadeur de Russie a Paris, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. de Martens, Conseiller Prive, Membre Permanent du Conseil du Ministere Imperial des Affaires Etrangeres, Membre de la Cour Per- manente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Tcharykow, Con- seiller d'Etat actuel, Chambellan, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Prozor, Conseiller d'Etat actuel, Chambellan Ministre de Russie a Rio- Janeiro, Delegu^ Technique ; M. le Major-General Yermolow, Attache Militaire a Londres, Delegue Tech- nique ; M. le Colonel Michelson, Attache Mili- taire a Berlin, Delegue Technique ; M. le Capitaine de Vaisseau Behr, Attache Naval a Londres, Delegue Technique ; M. le Colonel de i'Amiraute Ovtchin- nikow, Professeur de Droit Interna- tional a l'Academie de la Marine, Delegue Technique. Le Salvador : M. Pedro J. Matheu, Charge d' Affaires a Paris, Membre de la Cour Perma- ordinaryand Plenipotentiary, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Count de Selir, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at The Hague, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; His Excellency M. Alberto d'Oliveira, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Berne, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Lieutenant- Colonel Thomaz Antonio Garcia Rosada, General Staff, Tech- nical Delegate : M. Guilherme Ivens Ferraz, Lieutenant- Commander in the Navy, Technical Delegate ; Roumania : His Excellency M. Alexandre Beldiman, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Berlin, First Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Edgard Mavrocordato, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Captain Alexander Sturdza, General Staff, Technical Delegate. Russia : His Excellency M. Nelidow, Privy Coun- cillor, Russian Ambassador at Paris, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. de Martens, Privy Councillor, Permanent Member of the Council of the Imperial Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Tcharykow, Councillor of State, Chamberlain, Envoy Extra- ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at The Hague, Delegate Plenipoten- tiary ; M, Prozor, Councillor of State, Chamber- lain, Russian Minister at Rio de Janeiro, Technical Delegate ; Major-General Yermolow, Military At- tache at London, Technical Delegate ; Colonel Michelson, Military Attache at Berlin, Technical Delegate ; Captain Behr, Naval Attache at London, Technical Delegate ; Colonel Ovtchinnikow, of the Admiralty, Professor of International Law at the Naval Academy, Technical Delegate. Salvador : M. Pedro J. Matheu, Charge d' Affaires at Paris, Member of the Permanent 12 nente d'Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipo- tentiaire ; M. Santiago Perez Triana, Charge d'Affaires a Londres, Membre de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; La Serbie : Son Excellence le General Sava GrOuitch, . President du Conseil d'Etat, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Milovan Milovano- vitch, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Rome, Membre de la Cour Permanente d'Ar- bitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Michel Militchevitch, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Londres et a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. Le Siam : M. le Major-General Mom Chatidej Udom, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Corragioni d'Orelli, Conseiller de Legation a Paris, Delegue Plenipo- tentiaire ; M. le Capitaine Luang Bhuvanarth Nariibal, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. La Suede : Son Excellence M. Knut Hjalmar Leonard de Hammarskjold, Envoye ■ Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire a Copenhague, ancien Min- istre de la Justice, Membre de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Johannes Hellner, ancien Ministre sans Portefeuille, ancien Membre de la Cour Supreme de Suede, Membre de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, Second Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Colonel David Hedengren, Chef d'un Regiment d'Artillerie, Delegue Technique ; M. Gustaf de Klint, Capitaine de Fregate Chef de Section a l'Etat-Major de la Marine Royale, Delegue Technique. La Suisse : Son Excellence M. Gaston Carlin, Envoye Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipotentiaire a Londres et a La Haye, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Eugene Borel, Colonel d'Etat- Major General, Professeur a l'Universite de Geneve, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. Max Huber, Professeur de Droit a l'Universite de Zurich, Delegue Pleni- potentiaire. La Turquie : Son Excellence Turkhan Pacha, Ambas- Court of Arbitration, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; M". Santiago Perez Triana, Charge" d'Af- faires at London, Member of the Per- manent Court of' Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Servia : His Excellency General Sava Grouitch, President of the Council of State, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Milovan Milovanovitch, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Rome, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Michel Militchevitch, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at London and The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Siam : Major-General Mom Chatidej Udom, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Corragioni d'Orelli, Councillor of Legation at Paris, Delegate Plenipo- tentiary ; Captain Luang Bhuvanarth Nariibal r Delegate Plenipotentiary. Sweden : His Excellency M. Knut Hjalmar Leonard de Hammarskjold, Envoy Extra- ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at Copenhagen, ex-Minister of Justice, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, First Delegate Plenipo- tentiary ; M. Johannes Hellner, ex- Minister without Portfolio, ex-Member of the Supreme Court of Sweden, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Second Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Colonel David Hedengren, Commanding a Regiment of Artillery, Technical Delegate ; Commander Gustaf de Klint, Head of a Section on the Staff of the Royal Navy, Technical Delegate. Switzerland : His Excellency M. Gaston Carlin, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at London and The Hague, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Eugene Borel, Colonel on the General Staff, Professor at the University of Geneva, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; M. Max Huber, Professor of Law at the University of Zurich, Delegate Pleni- potentiary. Turkey : His Excellency Turkhan Pasha, Ambas- 13 sadenr Extraordinaire, Ministre de l'Evkaf, Premier Delegue" Ptenipoten- tiaire ; Son Excellence Rechid Bey, Ambassadeur de Turquie a Rome, Dengue Pleni- potentiaire ; Son Excellence le Vice-Amiral Me- hemmed Pacha, Delegue Ptenipoten- tiaire ; Ra'if Bey,. Conseiller Legiste de la Liste Civile, Delegue Adjoint ; Le Colonel d'Etat- Major Mehemmed Said Bey, Delegue Adjoint. L' Uruguay : M. Jcse Batlle y Ordonez, ancien Presi- dent de la Republique, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Premier Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; Son Excellence M. Juan P. Castro, ancien President du Senat, Envoye^ Extraordinaire et Ministre Plenipo- tentiaire a Paris, Membre de la Cour Permanente d' Arbitrage, Delegue Plenipotentiaire ; M. le Colonel Sebastian Buquet, Premier Chef de Regiment d'Artillerie de Campagne, Delegue Technique. sador Extraordinary, Minister of the Evkaf, First Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency Rechid Bey, Turkish Ambassador at Rome, Delegate Pleni- potentiary ; His Excellency Vice-Admiral Mehemmed Pasha, Delegate Plenipotentiary ; Ra'if Bey, Legal Adviser on the Civil List, Assistant Delegate ; Colonel on the Staff Mehemmed Said Bey, Assistant Delegate. Uruguay : M. Jose Batlle y Ordonez, ex -President of the Republic, Member of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration, First Delegate Plenipotentiary ; His Excellency M. Juan P. Castro, ex-President of the Senate, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo- tentiary at Paris, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Dele- gate Plenipotentiary ; Colonel Sebastian Buquet, Commanding a Regiment of Field Artillery, Tech' nical Delegate. Les Etats-Unis du Venezuela : The United States of Venezuela : M. Jose Gil Fortoul, Charge d'Affaires a M. Jose Gil Fortoul, Charge d'Affaires Berlin, Delegue Plenipotentiaire. at Berlin, Delegate Plenipotentiary. Dans une serie de reunions, tenues du 15 Juin au 18 Octobre, 1907, ou les Delegues precites ont ete constamment animus du desir de realiser, dans la plus large mesure possible, les vues genereuses de l'auguste initiateur de la Conference et les intentions de leurs Gouvernements, la Conference a arre"te, pour etre soumis a la signature des Plenipotentiaries, le texte des Conventions et de la Declaration enum^rees ci-apres et annexees au present Acte : — 1. Convention pour le Reglement Paci- fique des Conflits Internationaux. 2. Convention concernant la Limita- tion de l'Emploi de la Force pour le Recouvrement de Dettes Con- tractuelles. 3. Convention relative a l'Ouverture des Hostilites. 4. Convention concernant les Lois et Coutumes de la Guerre sur Terre. 5. Convention concernant les Droits et les Devoirs des Puissances et des Personnes neutres en cas de Guerre sur Terre. <6. Convention relative au Regime des Navires de Commerce ennemis au Debut des Hostilites. At a series of meetings, held from the 15th June to the 18th October, 1907, in which the above Delegates were throughout animated by the desire to realize, in the fullest possible measure, the generous views of the august initiator of the Conference and the intentions of their Governments, the Conference drew up, to be submitted to the Plenipotentiaries for signature, the text of the Conventions and of the Declara- tion enumerated below and annexed to the present Act : — 1. A Convention for the Pacific Settle- ment of International Disputes. 2. A Convention respecting the Limita- tion of the Employment of Force for the Recovery of Contract Debts. 3. A Convention relative to the Open- ing of Hostilities. 4. A Convention respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land. 5. A Convention respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in case of War on Land. 6. A Convention relative to the Status of Enemy Merchant-ships on the Outbreak of Hostilities. 14 7. Convention relative a la Transfor- mation des Navires de Commerce en Batiments de Guerre. 8. Convention relative a la Pose de Mines Sous-marines Automatiques de Contact. 9. Convention concernant le Bombar- dement par les Forces Navales en Temps de Guerre. 10. Convention pour 1' Adaptation a la Guerre Maritime des Principes de la Convention de Geneve. 11. Convention relative a certaines Re- strictions a l'Exercice du Droit de Capture dans la Guerre Maritime. 12. Convention relative a l'etablissement d'une Cour Internationale des Prises. 13. Convention concernant les Droits et les Devoirs des Puissances neutres en cas de Guerre Maritime. 14. Declaration relative a l'lnterdiction de Lancer des Projectiles et des Explosifs du haut de Ballons. Ces Conventions et cette Declaration formeront autant d'Actes separes. Ces Actes porteront la date de ce jour et pour- ront §tre signes jusqu'au 30 Juin, 1908, a La Haye, par les Plenipotentiaires des Puissances representees a ■ la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix La Conference, se conformant a l'esprit d'entente et de concessions reciproques qui est l'eprit meme de ses deliberations, a arre"te la Declaration suivante, qui, tout en reservant a chacune des Puissances re- presentees le benefice de ses votes, leur permet a toutes d'affirmer les principes qu'elles considerent comme unanimement reconnus : — Elle est unanime — 1. A reconnaitre le principe de l'arbi-. trage obligatoire. 2, A declarer que certains differends, et notamment ceux relatifs a l'inter- pretation et a l'application des stipulations conventionnelles inter- nationales, sont susceptibles d'etre soumis a l'arbitrage obligatoire sans aucune restriction. Elle est unanime enfin a proclamer que, s'il n'a pas ete donne" de conclure des maintenant une Convention en ce sens, les divergences d'opinion qui se sont mani- festoes n'ont pas depasse les limites d'une controverse juridique, et qu'en travaillant ici ensemble pendant quatre mois toutes les Puissances du monde non seulement ont appris a se comprendre et a se rap- procher davantage, mais ont su degager, au cours de cette longue collaboration, un 7. A Convention relative to the Conver- sion of Merchant-ships into War- ships. 8. A Convention relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines. 9. A Convention respecting Bombard- ment by Naval Forces in Time of War. 10. A Convention for the Adaptation to Naval War of the Principles of the Geneva Convention. 1 1 . A Convention relative to certain Re- strictions with regard to the Exer- cise of the Right of Capture in Naval War. 12. A Convention relative to the creation of an International Prize Court. 13. A Convention concerning the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in Naval War. 14. A Declaration Prohibiting the Dis- charge of Projectiles and Ex- plosives from Balloons. These Conventions and this Declaration shall each form a separate Act. These Acts shall be dated this day. and may be signed up to the 30th June, 1908, at The Hague, by the Plenipotentiaries of the Powers re- presented at the Second Peace Conference. The Conference, actuated by the spirit of mutual agreement and concession which inspire its deliberations, has agreed upon the following Declaration, which, while reserving to each of the Powers re- presented the benefit of the votes recorded, enables them to affirm the principles which they regard as unanimously admit- ted :— It is unanimous — 1. In recognizing the principle of obli- gatory arbitration. 2. In declaring that certain disputes, in particular those relating to the in- terpretation and application of the provisions of International Agree- ments, may be submitted to obli- gatory arbitration without any restriction. Finally, it is unanimous in proclaiming that, although it has not yet been found feasible to conclude a Convention in this sense, nevertheless the divergences of opinion which have come to light have not exceeded the bounds of controversy on legal questions, and that the Powers of the whole world, through their united labours here during the past four months, have not only learnt to understand one another and to draw closer together, but have sue- :*5 sentiment tres &eve du bien commun de 1'humanite. En outre^ la Conference a adopte a 1'unanimit^ -la Resolution suivarite : — La Deuxieme Conference de la Paix confirme la Resolution adoptee par la Con- ference de 1899 a l'egard de la limitation des charges militaires ; et, vu que les charges inilitaires se sont eonsiderablement accrues dans presque tous les pays depuis la elite annee, 1& Conference declare qu'il est hautenlent desirable de voir les Gou- vernenients reprendre l'etude s^rieuse de cette question. Ellea de plus emis les vceux sui- vants :■-— 1. La Conference recommande aux Puissances Signataires 1 'adoption du projet ci-annexe de Convention pour . l'etablissement d'une Cour de Justice Arbitrc> le,* et . sa mise en vigueur des qu'un accord sera in- tervenu sur }e choix des Juges et la constitution de la Cour. - 2. La Conference emet le vceu qu'en cas de guerre, les autorites compe- tentes, civiles et .militaires, se fassent un devoir tout special d'as- •surer;et de proteger le maintien des rapports pacifique's et notamment des- relations ; commerciales et Indus - trielles entre les populations des Etats belligerants et les pays neutres. 3. La Conference emet le vceu que les Puissances reglent, par des Con- ventions particulieres, la situation, an point de vue des charges mili- taires, des etrangers etablis sur leurs territoires. 4. La Conference emet le vceu que l'elaboration d'un Reglement relatif aux lois et coutumes de la guerre maritime figure au programme de la prochaine Conference et que, dans tous les cas, les Puissances appliquent, autant que possible, a la guerre sur mer, les principes de la Convention relative aux Lois et Coutumes de la Guerre sur Terre. Enfm, la Conference recommande aux Puissances la reunion d'une troisieme Conference de la Paix, qui pourrait avoir lieu dans une periode analogue, a celle qui s'est ecoulee depuis la precedente Con- ference a une date a fixer d'un commun accord entre les Puissances, et elle appelle leur attention sur la necessite de preparer ceeded in the course of their long col- laborati6n in evolving a lofty conception of the common welfare of humanity. The Conference has further unanimously adopted the following Resolution : — The Second Peace Conference confirms the Resolution adopted by the Conference 'of 1899 in regard to the limitation of military expenditure ; and inasmuch as military expenditure has considerably in- ■creased in almost every country since that ; time, the Conference declares that it is eminently desirable that the Governments should resume the serious examination of this question. It has besides recorded the following wishes : — ■ 1. The Conference recommends the Signatory Powers to adopt the annexed draft Convention for the creation of a Judicial Arbitration Court,* and to bring it into force as soon as an agreement shall have been reached respecting the se- lection of the Judges and the constitution of the Court. 2. The.- Conference records the, wish that, in case of war, the responsible authorities, civil as well as military,, should make it their special duty to ensure- and safeguard the main- tenance of pacific relations, and particularly of the commercial and industrial relations between the in- habitants of the belligerent States and neutral countries. 3. The Conference records the wish that the Powers should regulate, by special Treaties, the position, as re- gards military charges, of foreigners residing within their territories. 4. The Conference records the wish that the preparation of regulations relative to the laws and customs of naval war should figure in the pro- gramme of the next Conference, and that in any case the powers should apply, as far as possible, to war by sea the principles of the Convention relative to the Laws and Customs of War on land. Finally, the Conference recommends to the Powers the assembly of a third Peace Conference, which might be held within a period corresponding to that which has elapsed since the preceding Conference, at a date to be fixed by common agreement between the Powers, and it calls their at- tention to the necessity of preparing the See p. 128. 2814 16 Jes travaux de cette troisieme Conference assez longtemps a l'avance pour que ses deliberations se poursuivent avec l'autorite et la rapidite indispensables. Pour atteindre a ce but, la Conference estime qu'il serait tres desirable que, environ deux ans avant l'epoque probable de la reunion, un Comite preparatoire fut charg^ par les Gouvernements de recueillir les diverses propositions a soumettre a la Conference, de rechercher les matieres susceptibles d'un prochain reglement inter- national et de preparer un programme que les Gouvernements arreteraient assez tot pour qu'il put 6tre serieusement etudie dans cbaque pays. Ce Comite serait, en outre, charge de proposer un mode d'or- ganrsation et de procedure pour la Con- ference elle-meme. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont signe le present Acte et y ont appose leurs •cachets.* Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui sera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas et dont les, copies, certifiers con- formes, seront delivrees a toutes les Puissances representees a la Conference. * For the Powers which signed the above Act and the following Conventions, &c, up to June 30, 1908, see tabular statement on p. 136. programme of this third Conference a sufficient time beforehand to ensure its deliberations being conducted with the necessary authority and expedition. In order to attain this object the Con- ference considers that it would be very desirable that, some two years before the probable date of the meeting, a prepara- tory Committee should be charged by the Governments with the task of collecting the various proposals to be submitted to the Conference, of ascertaining what subjects are ripe for international regulation, and of preparing a programme upon which the Governments should decide in suf- ficient time to allow of careful examination in each country. This Committee should further be intrusted with the task of proposing a system of organization and procedure for the Conference itself. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Act and have affixed their seals thereto.* Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent to all the Powers represented at the Conference. * For the Powers which signed the above Act and the following Conventions, &c„ up to June' 30, 1908, see tabular statement on p. 136. 17 No. 1. Convention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Conflits Inter- national^. SA Majeste 1'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Boheme, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majesty le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Aitesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le G-ouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande -Bretagne et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent lie la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Haiti ; Sa Majeste de Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste 1'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Aitesse Royale le Grand- Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau ; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains ; Son Aitesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro ; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege* ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseii Federal Suisse ; ' Sa Majeste 1' Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : Animes de la' ferme volonte de concourir au maintien de la paix generale ; 2814 (Translation.) Convention for the Pacific Set- tlement of International Dis- putes. His Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria ; the President of the Republic of Chile ; His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the President of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay - Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ^ the President of the Republic of Peru ; Hia Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : Animated by a strong desire to concert for the maintenance of general peace ; c 2 is: Resolus a favoriser de tous leurs efforts le reglement amiable des coaflits inter- nationaux ; Reconnaissant la solidarite qui unit les membres de la societe des nations civilis^es ; Voulant etendre l'empire du droit et fortifier le sentiment de la justice inter- national e ; Convaincus que l'institution permanente d'une juridiction arbitrate accessible a tous, au sein des Puissances independantes, peut contribuer efficacement a ce resultat ; Considerant les ayantages d'une organi- sation generale et reguliere de la procedure arbitrate ; Estimant avec l'auguste initiateur de la Conference Internationale de la Paix qu'il importe de consacrer dans un Accord Inter- national les principes d'equite et de droit sur lesquels reposent la securite des Etats et le bien-^tre des peuples ; Desireux, dans ce but, de mieux assurer le fonctionnement pratique des Commis- sions d'Enquete et des Tribunaux d' Ar- bitrage et de faciliter le recours k la justice arbitrale lorsqu'il s'agit de litiges de nature k comporter une procedure sommaire ; Ont juge necessaire de reviser sur cer- tains points et de completer l'ceuvre de la Premiere Conference de la Paix pour le Reglement Pacifique de Conflits Inter- nationaux ; Les Hautes Parties Contractantes ont resolu de conclnre une nouvelle Conven- tion a cet effet et ont nomme pour leurs Plenipotentiaires savoir : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] » Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouv^s en bonne et due forme, sont convenus de ce qui suit : — Titre I. Du Maintien de la Paix Generate. Article 1., En vue de prevenir autant qUe possible le recours a la force dans les rapports entre les Etats, les Puissances Contractantes con- viennent d'employer tous leurs efforts pour assurer le reglement pacifique des dif- ferends internationaux. - Titre II. Des Bons Offices et de la Mediation. Article 2. En cas de dissentiment grave ou de conflit, avant d'en appeler aux armes, les Puissances Contractantes conviennent d'avoir recours, en tant que les circon- Resolved to promote by their' best efforts the friendly settlement of inter- national disputes ; Recognizing the solidarity uniting the members of the society of civilized nations ; Desirous of extending the empire of law and of strengthening the appreciation of international justice ; Convinced that the permanent institution of a Tribunal of Arbitration accessible to> all, in the midst of independent Powers, will contribute effectively to this result ; Having regard to the advantage of the general and regular organization of the procedure of arbitration ; Sharing the opinion of the august initia- tor of the International Peace Conference that it is expedient to record in an Inter- national Agreement the principles of equity and right on which are based the security of States and the welfare of peoples ; and Being desirous, with this object,, of in- suring and improving the working in practice of Commissions of Inquiry and Tribunals of Arbitration, and of facilitating recourse to arbitration in cases which allow of a summary procedure ; Have deemed it necessary to revise in certain particulars and to complete the work of the First Peace Conference for the pacific settlement of international disputes ; The High Contracting Parties have re- solved to conclude a new Convention for this purpose, and have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following : — - Part I. The Maintenance of General Peace. Art i cle 1. With a view of obviating as far as possible recourse to forte in the relations, between States, .the Contracting Powers agree to use their best efforts to ensure the pacific settlement of international dif- ferences. Part II. Good Offices and Mediation. Article 2. In case of serious disagreement or dis- pute, before an appeal to arms, the Con- tracting Powers agree to have recourse, as far as circumstances allow, to the good 19 stances le permettront, aux bons offices ou a la mediation d'une ou de plusieurs Puis- sances amies. Article 3. Independamment de ce recours, les Puis- sances Contractantes jugent utile et desir- able qu'une ou plusieurs Puissances Etrangeres au conflit offrent de leur propre initiative, en tant que les circonstances s'y pretent, leurs bons offices ou leur mediation aux Etats en conflit. Le droit, d'offrir les bons offices ou la mediation appartient aux Puissances etrangeres au conflit, meme pendant le cours des hostilites. L'exercice de ce droit ne peut jamais 6tre considere par l'une ou 1 'autre des parties en litige comme un acte peu amical. Article 4. Le role du mediateur consiste a concilier les pretentions opposees et a apaiser les ressentiments qui peuvent s'etre produits entre les Etats en conflit. Article 5. Les fonctions da mediateur cessent du moment ou il est constate, soit par l'une des parties en litige, soit par le mediateur lui-m^me, que les moyens de conciliation proposes par lui ne sont pas acceptes. Article 6. Les bons offices et la mediation, soit sur le recours des parties en. conflit, soit sur l'initiative des Puissances etrangeres au conflit, ont exclusivement le caractere de conseil et n'ont jamais force obligatoire. Article 7. L 'acceptation de la mediation ne peut avoir pour effet, sauf convention contraire, d'interrompre, de retarder, ou d'entraver la mobilisation et autres mesures prepara- tories a la guerre. Si elle intervient apres l'ouverture des ' hostilites, elle n'interrompt pas, sauf con- vention contraire, les operations militaires en cours. Article 8. "Les Puissances Contractantes sont d'ac- cord pour recommander l'application, dans les circonstances qui le permettent, d'une mediation speciale sous la forme suivante : En cas de differend grave compromet- tant la paix, les Etats en conflit choisissent respectivement une Puissance a laquelle ils confient la mission d'entrer en rapport direct avec la Puissance cboisie d'autre offices or mediation of one or more friendly Powers. Article 3. Independently of this recourse, the Con- tracting Powers deem it expedient and desirable that one or more Powers, strangers to the dispute, should, on their, own initia- tive and as far as circumstances may allow, offer their good offices or mediation to the States at variance. Powers strangers to the dispute have the right to offer good offices or mediation even during the course of hostilities. The exercise of this right can never be regarded by either of the contending parties as an unfriendly act. Article 4. The part of the mediator consists in reconciling the opposing claims and ap- peasing the feelings of resentment which may have arisen between the States' at^ variance. Article 5. The duties of the mediator are at an end when Once it is declared, either by one of the contending parties or by the mediator himself, that the means of recon- ciliation proposed' by him are not accepted. Article 6. Good offices and mediation undertaken either at the request of the contending parties or on the initiative of Powers strangers to the dispute have exclusively the character of advice, and never have binding force. Article 7. The acceptance of mediation cannot, in default of agreement to the contrary, have the effect of interrupting, delaying, or hindering mobilization or other measures of preparation for war. If mediation takes place after the com- mencement of hostilities, the military opera- tions in progress are not interrupted, in default of agreement to the contrary. Article 8. The Contracting Powers are agreed in recommending the application, when cir- cumstances allow, of special mediation in the following form : — In case of a serious difference endanger- ing peace, the States at variance choose respectively a Power, to which they intrust the mission of entering . into direct com- munication with the Power chosen on the 20 part, a l'e'ffet de prevenir la rupture des relations pacifiques. Pendant la duree de ce mandat dont le terme, sauf stipulation contraire, ne peut exceder trente jours, les Etats en litige cessent tout rapport direct au sujet du conflit, lequel est considere comme defere exclusivement aux Puissances mediatrices. Celles-ci doivent appliquer tous leurs efforts a regler le differend. En cas de rupture effective des rela- tions pacifiques, ces Puissances demeurent chargees de la mission commune de profiter de toute occasion pour retablir la paix. other side, with the object of preventing the rapture of pacific relations. For the period of this mandate, the term of which, in default of agreement to the contrary, may not exceed thirty days, the contending States cease from all direct com- munication on the subject of the dispute, which is regarded as referred exclusively to the mediating Powers. These Powers shall use their best efforts to settle the dispute. la case of a definite rupture of pacific relations, these Powers remain jointly charged with the task of taking advantage of any opportunity to restore peace. Titre III. Des Commissions Internation- ales d'Enquete. Article 9. Dans les litiges d'ordre international n'engageant ni l'honneur ni des interets essentiels et provenant d'une divergence d'appreciation sur des points de fait, les Puissances Contractantes jugent utile et desirable que les parties qui n'auraient pu se mettre d'accord par les voies diploma - tiques instituent, en tant que les circon- stances les permettront, une Commission Internationale d'Enqu&e chargee de faciliter la solution de ces litiges en eclaircissant, par un examen impartial et consciencieux, les questions de fait. Article 10. Les Commissions Internationales d'En- quete sont constitutes par Convention speciale entre les parties en litige. La Convention d'Enquete precise les faits a examiner ; elle determine le mode et le delai de formation de la Commission et l'etendue des pouvoirs des Commis- saires. Elle determine egalement, s'il y a lieu, le siege de la Commission et la faculte de se deplacer, la langue dont la Commis- sion iera usage et celles dont 1'emploi sera autorise devant elle, ainsi que la date a laquelle chaque partie devra deposer son expose" des faits, et g^neralement toutes les conditions dont les parties sont con- venues. Si les parties jugent necessaire de nommer des assesseurs, la Convention d'Enquete determine le mode de leur designation et l'etendue de leurs pouvoirs. Article 11. Si la Convention d'Enquete n'a pas designe le siege de la Commission, celle-ci siegera a La Haye. Part III. International Commissions of Inquiry. Article 9. In disputes of an international nature involving neither honour nor vital interests, and arising from a difference of opinion on points of fact, the Contracting Powers deem it expedient and desirable that the parties who have not been able to come to an agreement by means of diplomacy, should, as far as circumstances allow, institute an International Commission of Inquiry, to facilitate a solution of these disputes by elucidating the facts by means of an im- partial and conscientious investigation. Article 10. International Commissions of Inquiry are constituted by special agreement between the contending parties. The Inquiry Convention defines the facts to be examined ; it determines the manner and period within which the Commission is to be formed and the extent of the powers of the Commissioners. It also determines, if there is occasion for it, where the commission is to meet, and whether it may remove to another place, the language the Commission shall use and the languages the use of which shall be authorized before it, as well as the date on which each party must deposit its statement o? facts, and, generally speaking, all the con- ditions upon which the parties have agreed. If the parties consider it necessary to appoint Assessors, the Inquiry Convention shall determine the mode of their selection and the extent of their powers. Article 11. If the Inquiry Convention has not de- termined where the Commission is to meet,, it shall meet at The Hague. 21 Le siege une fois fixe ne peut 6tre change par la Commission qu'avec l'assentiment des parties. Si la Convention d'Enqu^te n'a pas de- termine les langues a employer, il en est decide par la Commission. Article 12. Sauf stipulation contraire, les Commis- sions d'Enqu^te sont formers de la maniere determined par les Articles 45 et 57 de la presente Convention. Article 13. En cas de deces, de demission, ou d'em- pechement, pour quelque cause que ce soit, de l'un des Commissaires, ou eventuelle- ment de l'un des Assesseur3, il est pourvu a son remplacement selon le mode fixe pour sa nomination. The place of meeting, once fixed, cannot be altered by the Commission except with the assent of the parties. Unless the Inquiry Convention has specified the languages to be employed, the question s-:hall be decided by the Com- mission. Article 12. In default of agreement to the contrary, Commissions of Inquiry shall be formed in the manner determined by Articles 45 and 57 of the present Conven- tion. Article 13. Should one of the Commissioners or one of the Assessors, should there "be any, either die, resign, or be unable for any reason whatever to act, xhe same procedure is followed in filling his place which was followed in appointing him. Article 14. Les parties ont le droit de nommer aupres de la Commission d'Enqu&te des agents speciaux avec la mission de les re- pr^senter et de servir d'intermediaires entre elles et la Commission. Elles sont, en outre, autorisees a charger des conseils ou avocats nommes par elles, d'exposer et de soutenir leurs interets devant la Commission. Article 14. The parties are entitled to appoint special agents to attend the Commission of Inquiry, whose duty it is to represent them and to act as intermediaries between them and the Commission. They are further authorized to engage counsel or advocates, appointed by them- selves, to state their case and uphold their interests before the Commission. Article 15. Le Bureau International de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage sert de greffe aux Commissions qui siegent a La Haye, et mettra ses locaux et son organisation a la disposition des Puissances Contractantes pour le fonctionnement de la Commission d'Enquete. Article 16. Si la Commission siege ailleurs qu'a La Haye, elle nomme un Secretaire General dont le Bureau lui sert de greffe. Le greffe est charge, sous l'autorite du President, de l'organisation materielle des seances de la Commission, de la redaction des proces-verbaux, et, pendant le temps de l'enqu&te, de la garde des archives, qui seront ensuite versees au Bureau Inter- national de La Haye. Article 17. En vue de faciliter l'institution et le fonc- tionnement des Commissions d'Enquete, les Puissances Contractantes recommandent les regies suivantes qui seront applicables a la procedure d'enquete en tant que les parties n'adopteront pas d'autres regies. Article 15. The International Bureau of the Per- manent Court of Arbitration acts as registry for the Commissions which sit at The Hague, and shall place its officers and staff at the disposal of the Contracting Powers for the use of the Commission of Inquiry. Article 16. If the Commission meets elsewhere than at The Hague, it appoints a Secretary- General, whose office serves as registry. It is the function of the registry, under the control of the President, to make the necessary arrangements for the sittings of the Commission, the preparation of the Minutes, and, while the inquiry lasts^ for the custody of the archives, which shall subsequently be transferred to the Inter- national Bureau at the Hague. Article 17. In order to facilitate the constitution and working of Commissions of Inquiry, the Contracting Powers recommend the follow- ing rules, which shall be applicable to the inquiry procedure in so far as the parties do not adopt other rules. 22 Article 18. La Commission reglera les details de la procedure non prevus dans la Convention speciale d'Enquete ou dans la pr^sente Con- vention, et proc^dera a toutes les formalites que comporte l'administration des preuves. Article 19. L'enquete a lieu contradictoirement. Aux dates prevues, chaque partie com- munique a la Commission et a l'autre partie les exposes des faits, s'il y a lieu, et, dans tous les cas, les actes, pieces, et documents qu'elle juge utiles a la decouverte de la verity, ainsi que la liste des t^moins et des experts qu'elle desire faire entendre. Article 20. La Commission a la faoulte, avee l'assenti- ment des parties, de se transporter momen- tanement sur les lieux ou elle juge utile de recourir a ce moyen d'information ou d'y deleguer un ou plusieurs de ses membres. L'autorisation de l'Etat sur le territoire duquel il doit etre procede a cette information devra etre obtenue. Article 21. Toutes constatations materielles, et toutes visites des lieux doivent etre faites en presence des agents et conseils des parties ou eux dument appeles. Article 22. La Commission a le droit de solliciter de l'une ou l'autre partie telles explications ou informations qu'elle juge utiles. Article 23. Les parties s'engagent a fournir a la Commission d'Enqu&te, dans la plus large mesure qu'elles jugeront possible, tous les moyens et toutes les facilites necessaires pour la connaissance complete et l'appr^cia- tion exacte des faites en question. Elles s'engagent a user des moyens dont elles disposent d'apres leur legislation interieure, pour assurer la comparution des temoins ou des experts se trouvant sur leur territoire et cite^s devant la Commission. Si ceux-ci ne peuvent comparaitre devant la Commission, elles feront proceder a leur audition devant leurs autorite's competentes. Article 24. Pour toutes les notifications que la Com- mission aurait a faire sur le territoire d'une Article ; 18. The Commission shall settle the details of the procedure not coy erred by rthe special Inquiry Convention or the present Conven- tion, and shall arrange all the formalities required for dealing with the evidence. Article 19. On the inquiry both sides must be heard. At the dates fixed, each party communi- cates to the Commission and to the other party the statements of facts, if any, and, in all cases, the instruments, papers, and documents which it considers useful for ascertaining the truth, as • well as the list of witnesses and experts whose evidence it wishes to be heard. Article 20. The Commission is entitled, with the assent of the parties, to move temporarily to any place where, it considers it may be useful to have recourse to taking evidence by this means, or to send thither one or more of its members. Permission must be obtained from the State on the territory of which evidence has to be taken in this way. Article 21. Every ascertainment of facts, and every investigation on the spot, must be made in the presence of the agents and counsel of the parties or. after, they have been duly summoned. Article 22^ The Commission is entitled to ask from either party for such explanations and information as it thinks fit. Article 23. The parties 'undertake to afford to the Commission of Inquiry, within the widest limits they may think practicable, all the means and facilities necessary to enable it to become completely acquainted with, and to accurately understand, the facts at issue. They undertake to make use of the means at their disposal under their municipal law, to secure the appearance of the witnesses or experts who are in their territory and have been summoned before the Commission. If the witnesses or experts are unable to appear before the Commission, the parties shall arrange for their evidence to be taken before the qualified officials of their own country. Akticle 24., For the service of all notices by the Commission in the territory of a third 23 tierce Puissance Gontractante, la Commis- sion s'adressera directement au G-ouverne- ment de cette Puissance. II en sera de m6me s'il s'agit de faire proeeder sur place a l'etablissement de tous moyens de preuve. Les requites adressees a cet eiFet seront executees suivant les moyens dont la Puissance requise dispose d'apres sa legislation interieure. Elles ne peuvent 6tre refusers que si cette Puissance les juge de nature a porter atteinte a sa souverainete ou a sa securite. La Commission aura aussi toujours la faculte de recourir a l'intermediaire de la Puissance sur le territoire de laquelle elle a son siege. Article 25. Les temoins et les experts sont appeles a la requete des parties ou d'office par la Commission, et, dans tous les cas, ; par l'intermediaire du Gouvernement de l'Etat sur le territoire duquel ils se trouvent. Les temoins sont entendus, successive- ment et separement, en presence des agents et des conseils et dans un ordre a fixer par la Commission. Article 26. L'interrogatoire des temoins est conduit par le President. Les membres de la Commission peuvent neanmoins poser a chaque temoin les questions qu'ils croient convenables pour eclaircir ou completer sa deposition, ou pour se renseigner sur tout ce qui concerne le temoin dans les limites necessaires a la manifestation de la verite. Les agents et les conseils des parties ne peuvent interrompre le temoin dans sa deposition, ni lui. faire aucune interpella- tion directe, mais peuvent demander au President de poser au temoin telles questions complementaires qu'ils jugent utiles. Article 27. Le temoin doit deposer sans qu'il lui soit permis de lire aucun projet ecrit. Toutefois, il peut e~tre autorise par le President a s'aider de notes ou documents si la nature des faits rapportes en necessite l'emploi. Article 28. Proces -verbal de la deposition du temoin est dresse seance tenante et lecture en est donnee au temoin. Le temoin peut y faire tels changements et additions que bon lui semble et qui seront consigned a la suite de sa deposition. Lecture faite au temoin de l'ensemble de sa deposition, le temoin est requis de signer. 2814 Contracting Power, the Commission shall apply direct to the Government of such Power. The same principle applies in the case of steps being taken on the spot in order to procure evidence. Requests for this purpose are to be executed so far as the means which the Power applied to possesses under municipal law, allow. They cannot be rejected unless the Power in question considers they are calculated to impair its sovereign rights- or its safety. The Commission will also be entitled in all cases to have recourse to the inter- vention of the Power on the territory of which it meets. Article 25. The witnesses and experts are summoned! on the request of the parties or by the Commission of its own motion, and, in every case, through the Government of the State in the territory of which they are. The witnesses are heard in succession and separately, in the presence of the agents and counsel, and in the order fixed by the Commission. Article 26. The examination of witnesses is con* ducted by the President. The members of the Commission may however put to each witness questions which they consider likely to throw light on and complete his evidence, or elicit in- formation on any point concerning the witness within the limits of what is neces- sary in order to get at the truth. The agents and counsel of the parties- may not interrupt the witness when he is making his statement, nor put any direct question to him, but they may ask the President to put such additional questions- to the witness as they think expedient. Article 27. The witness must give his evidence- without being allowed to read any written proof. He may, however, be permitted by the President to consult notes or docu- ments if the nature of the facts referred to necessitates their employment. Article 28. A Minute of the evidence of the witness- is drawn up forthwith and read to the witness. The latter may make such altera- tions and additions as he thinks necessary,, which shall be recorded at the end of hi* statement. When the whole of his statement ha& been read to the witness, he is required to sign it. 24 Article 29. Les agents sont autoris^s au cours ou a la fin de I'enqu&e a presenter par ecrit a la Commission et a l'autre partie tels dires, requisitions, ou resumes de fait qu'ils jugent utiles a la d^couverte de la verity. Article 30. Les deliberations de la Commission ont lieu a huis clos et restent secretes. Toute decision est prise a la majorite des membres de la Commission. Le refus d'un membre de prendre part au vote doit &tre constate dans le proces- verbal. Article 29, The agents are authorized, in the course of or at the close of the inquiry, to present in writing to the Commission and to the other party such statements, requisitions, or summaries of the facts as they consider useful for ascertaining the truth. Article 30. The Commission considers its decisions in private and the proceedings remain secret. All questions are decided by a majority of the members of the Commission. If a member declines to vote,, the fact must be recorded in the Minutes. Article 31. Les stances de la Commission ne sont publiques et les proces-verbaux et docu- ments de l'enquete ne sont rendus publics qu'en vertu d'une decision de la Commis- sion, prise avec l'assentiment des parties. Article 32. Les parties ayant present^ tous les ■eclaircissements et preuves, tous les temoins ayant ete entendus, le President prononce la cloture de l'enque'te et la Commission s'ajourne pour deliberer et xediger son Rapport. Article 31. The sittings of the Commission are not public, nor are the Minutes and documents connected with the inquny published, ex- cept in virtue of a decision of the Com- mission taken with the consent of the parties. Article 32. After the parties have presented all the explanations and evidence, and the wit- nesses . have all been heard, the President declares the inquiry terminated, and the Commission adjourns to deliberate and to draw up its Report. Article 33. Le Rapport est signe" par tous les membres de la Commission. Si un des membres refuse de signer. Article 33. The Report is signed by all the members of the Commission. If one of the members refuses to sign, mention en est faite ; le Rapport reste the fact is mentioned ; but the validity of n^anmoins valable. the Report is not affected. Article 34. Article 34. Le Rapport de la Commission est lu en The Report of the Commission is read in seance publique, les agents et les conseils open Court, the agents and counsel of the des parties presents ou dument appeles. parties being present or duly summoned to attend. Un exemplaire du Rapport est remis a A copy of the Report is furnished to chaque partie. each party. Article 35. Article 35. Le Rapport de la Commission, limite a The Report of the Commission, being la constatation des faits, n'a nullement le limited to a finding of fact, has in no way caractere d'une sentence arbitrale. II the character of an Arbitral Award. It laisse aux parties une entiere liberty pour leaves to the parties entire freedom as to la suite a donner a cette constatation. the effect to be given to the finding. Article 36. Article 36. Chaque partie rapporte ses propres frais Each party pays its own expenses and et une part egale des frais de la Com- an equal share of the expenses of the mission. Commission. 25 Titre IV. De V Arbitrage International. Chapitre I. De la Justice Arbitrate. Article 37. L'arbitrage international a pour objet le reglement de litiges entre les Etats par les Juges de leur choix et sur la base du respect du droit. Le recours a l'arbitrage implique l'en- gagement de se soumettre de bonne foi k la sentence. Article 38. Dans les questions d'ordre juridique, et, en premier lieu, dans les questions d'interpretation ou d'application des Con- ventions Internationales, l'arbitrage est reconnu par les Puissances Contractantes comme le moyen le plus efficace et enmeme temps le plus equitable de regler les litiges qui n'ont pas ete resolus par les voies diplomatiques. En consequence, il serait desirable que, dans les litiges sur les questions susmen- tionnees, les ; Puissances Contractantes eussent, le cas echeant, recours a l'arbitrage, en tant que les circonstances le permet- traient. Article 39. La Convention d' Arbitrage est conclue pour des contestations deja nees ou pour des contestations eventuelles. Elle peut concerner tout litige ou seule- ment les litiges d'une eategorie determinee. Article 40. Independamment des Traites generaux ou particuliers qui stipulent actuellement l'obligation du recours a l'arbitrage pour les Puissances Contractantes, ces Puis- sances se reservent de conclure des Accords nouveaux, generaux ou particuliers, en vue d'etendre l'arbitrage obligatoire a tous les cas qu'elles jugeront possible de lui sou- mettre. Chapitre II. De la Oour Permanente d' Arbitrage. Article 41. Dans le but de faciliter le recours im- mediat k l'arbitrage pour les differends internationaux qui n'ont pu etre regies par la voie diplomatique, les Puissances Con- tractantes s'engagent a maintenir, telle qu'elle a ete etablie par la Premiere Con- ference de la Paix, la Cour Permanente , 2814 Part IV. International Arbitration. Chapter I. The System of Arbitration. Article 37. International arbitration has for it& object the settlement of disputes between States by Judges of their own choice and on the basis of respect for law. Recourse to arbitration implies an engagement to submit in good faith to the Award. Article 38. In questions of a legal nature, and especially in the interpretation or applica- tion' of International Conventions, arbitra- tion is recognized by the Contracting Powers as the most effective, and, at the same time, the most equitable means of arranging disputes which diplomacy has- failed to settle. Consequently, it would be desirable that,, in disputes regarding the above-mentioned questions, the Contracting Powers should,, in that case, have recourse to arbitration,, in so far as circumstances permit. Article 39. The Arbitration Convention is concluded for questions already existing or for questions which may arise eventually. It may embrace any dispute or only disputes of a certain category. Article 40. Independently of general or particular Treaties expressly stipulating recourse to arbitration as obligatory on the Contracting Powers, the said Powers reserve to them- selves the right of concluding new Agree- ments, general or particular, with a view of extending obligatory arbitration to all cases which they may consider it possible to submit to such arbitration. Chapter II. The Permanent Court of Arbitration. Article 41. With the object of facilitating an immediate recourse to arbitration for international differences, which it has not been possible to settle by diplomacy, the Contracting Powers undertake to maintain the Permanent Court of Arbitra- tion, as established by the First Peace D2 26 d'Arbitrage, accessible en tout temps, et Conference, accessible at all times, and fonctionnant, sauf stipulation contraire des acting, in default of agreement to the con- parties, conform^ment aux. regies de pro- trary between the, parties, in accordance endure inserees dans la presente Conven- with the rules of procedure inserted in tion. the present Convention. Article 42. Article 42. La Cour Permanente est competente The Permanent Court can deal with all pour tous les cas d'arbitrage, a moins arbitration cases, unless the parties agree qu'il n'y ait entente entre les parties pour to institute a special Tribunal. 1'etablissement d'une juridiction speciale. Article 43. La Cour Permanente a son siege a La Haye. tin Bureau International sert de greffe a la Cour ; il est l'intermediaire des com- munications relatives aux reunions de celle- ci ; il a la garde des archives et la gestion de toutes les affaires administratives. Les Puissances Contractantes s'engagent a communiquer au Bureau, aussit6t que possible, une copie certifiee conforme de toute stipulation d'arbitrage intervenue entre elles et de toute sentence arbitrate les concernant et rendue par des juridic- tions speciales. Elles s'engagent a communiquer de meme au Bureau les lois, reglements, et documents constatant eventuellement l'exe- cution des sentences rendues par la Cour. Article 43. The seat of the Permanent Court is at The Hague. An international Bureau serves as registry for the Court. It is the channel for communications relative to the meet- ings of the Court ; it has the custody of the archives and conducts all the adminis- trative, business. The Contracting Powers undertake to communicate to the Bureau, as soon as possible, a duly certified copy of any arbi- tration agreement arrived at between them and of any Award concerning them de- livered by a special Tribunal. They likewise undertake to communicate to the Bureau the laws, regulations, and documents indicating the execution, in due course, of the Awards given by the Court. Article 44. Chaque Puissance Contractante designe quatre personnes au plus, d'une competence reconnue dans les questions de droit inter- national, jouissant de la plus haute con- sideration morale et disposees a accepter les fonctions d'Arbitre. Les personnes ainsi designees sont in- scrites, au titre de membres de la Cour, sur une liste qui sera notifiee a toutes les Puissances Contractantes par les soins du Bureau. Toute modification a la liste des Arbitres est portee, par les soins du Bureau, a la •connaissance des Puissances Contractantes. Deux ou plusieurs Puissances peuvent s'entendre pour la designation en commun d'un ou de plusieurs membres. La meme personne peut etre designee par des Puissances differentes. Les membres de la Cour sont nommes pour un terme de six ans. Leur mandat peut e~tre renouvele. En cas de deces ou de retraite d'un membre de la Cour, il est pourvu a son remplacement selon le mode fixe pour sa nomination, et pour une nouvelle periode de six ans. Article 44. Each Contracting Power selects four persons at the most, of known competency in questions of international law, of the highest moral reputation, and disposed to accept the duties of Arbitrator. The persons thus selected are inscribed, as members of the Court, in a list which shall be notified to all the Contracting Powers by the Bureau. Any alteration in the list of Arbitrators is brought by the Bureau to the knowledge of the Contracting Powers. Two or more Powers may agree on the selection in common of one or more members. The same person may be selected by different Powers. The members of the Court are appointed for a term of six years. Their appointments can be renewed. Should a member of the Court die or resign, the same procedure is followed in filling his place which was followed in appointing him. In this case the appoint- ment is made for a fresh period of six years. 27 Article 45. Article 45. Lorsque les Puissances Contractantes When the Contracting Powers wish to veulent s'adresser a la Cour Permanente have recourse to the Permanent Court for pour le reglement d'un differend survenu the settlement of a difference which has entre elles, le choix des Arbitres appel^s a arisen between them, the Arbitrators called former le Tribunal competent pour statuer upon to form the Tribunal which shall sur ce differend doit etre fait dans la liste decide this difference must be chosen generate des membres de la Cour. from the general list of members of the Court. A defaut de constitution du Tribunal Failing the composition of the Arbitra- Arbitral par l'accord des parties, il est tion Tribunal by direct agreement between precede de la maniere suivante : the parties, the following course shall be pursued : — Chaque partie nomme deux Arbitres' Each party appoints two Arbitrators, of dont un seulement peut e"tre son national whom one only may belong to its own ou choisi parmi ceux qui ont ete designes nation or be chosen from among the par elle comme membres de la Cour Per- persons selected by it as members of the manente. Ces Arbitres choisissent ensemble Permanent Court. These Arbitrators to- un Surarbitre. gether choose an Umpire. En cas de partage des voix, le choix du If .the votes are equally divided, the Surarbitre est confie a une Puissance tierce, choice of the Umpire is intrusted to a designee de commun accord par les parties., third Power, selected by agreement be- tween the parties. Si l'accord ne s'etablit pas a ce sujet,. If an agreement is not arrived at on <:haque partie designe une Puissance dif- this subject each party selects a different ferente, et le choix du Surarbitre est fait Power, and the choice of the Umpire is •de concert par les Puissances ainsi de- made in concert by the Powers thus signees, selected. Si, dans un delai de deux mois, ces deux If, within two months' time, these two Puissances n'ont pu tomber d'accord, Powers cannot come to an agreement, each •chacune d'elles presente deux candidats of them presents two candidates taken from pris sur la liste des membres de la Cour the list of members of the Permanent Permanente, en dehors des membres de- Court, exclusive of the members selected signes par les parties et n'etant les na- by the parties and not belonging to the tionaux d'aucune d'elles. Le sort determine nation of either of them. Which of the lequel des candidats ainsi presentes sera le candidates thus presented shall be Umpire Surarbitre. is determined by lot. Article 46. Article 46, Des que le Tribunal est compose, les As soon as the Tribunal has been con- parties nOtifient au Bureau leur decision sfcituted, the parties notify to the Bureau cle s'adresser a la Cour, le texte de leur their determination to have recourse to ■Compromis, et les noms des Arbitres. the Court, the text of their Compromis* and the names of the Arbitrators. Le Bureau communique sans delai a The Bureau communicates without delay chaque Arbitre le Compromis et les noms to each Arbitrator the Compromis, and des autres membres du Tribunal. the names of the other members of the Tribunal. Le Tribunal se reunit a la date fixee par The Tribunal assembles at the date fixed les parties. Le Bureau pourvoit a son by the parties. The Bureau makes the installation. necessary arrangements for the meeting. Les membres du Tribunal, dans l'ex- The members of the Tribunal, in the •ercice de leurs fonctioris et en dehors de performance of their duties and when out- leur pays, jouissent des privileges et im- side their own country, enjoy diplomatic munites diplomatiques. privileges and immunities* Article 47. Article 47. Le Bureau est autorise a mettre ses The Bureau is authorized to place its Jocaux et son organisation a la disposition offices and staff at the disposal of the * See Article 52, infra, for definition of the word " Compromis." 28 des Puissances Contractahtes pour le fonc- tionnement de toute juridiction sp&iale d'arbitrage. La juridiction de la Cour Permanente peut etre etendue, dans les conditions pre- serves par les Reglements, aux litiges existant entre des Puissances non-Contrac- tantes, ou entre des Puissances Contrac- tantes et des Puissances non-Contractantes, si les parties sont convenues de recourir a cette juridiction. Article 48. Les Puissances Contractantes considerent comme un devoir, dans le cas ou un conflit aigu menacerait d'e\:later entre deux ou plusieurs d'entre elles, de rappeler a celles- ci que la Cour Permanente leur est ouverte. En consequence, elles declarent que le fait de rappeler aux parties en conflit les dispositions de la presente Convention, et le conseil donne, dans 1'interSt superieur de la paix, de s'adresser a la Cour Perma- nente, ne peuvent §tre considers que comme actes de bons offices. En cas de conflit entre deux Puissances, l'une d'elles pourra toujours adresser au Bureau International une note contenant sa declaration qu'elle serait disposee a soumettre le differend a un arbitrage. Le Bureau devra porter aussit6t la de- claration a la connaissance de l'autre Puissance. Article 49. Le Conseil Administratif Permanent, compose des Representants Diplomatiques des Puissances Contractantes accredited a La Haye et du Ministre des Affaires Etran- geres des Pays-Bas, qui remplit les fonc- tions de President, a la direction et le controle du Bureau International. Le Conseil arr6te son Reglement d'ordre ainsi que tous autres Reglements neces- saires. II decide toutes les questions adminis- tratives qui pourraient surgir touchant le fonctionnement de la Cour. II a tout pouvoir quant a la nomination, la suspension, on la revocation des fonc- tionnaires et employes du Bureau. II fixe les traitements et salaires, et con- trole la depense generate. La presence de neuf membres dans les reunions dument convoquees suffit pour permettre au Conseil de deliberer valable- ment. Les decisions sont prises a la majorite des voix. Le Conseil communique sans delai aux Puissances Contractantes les Eeglements adoptfes par lui. II leur presente chaque annee un Rapport sur les travaux de la Cour, sur le fonctionnement des services administratifs, et sur les depenses. Le Contracting Powers for the use of any special body of Arbitrators. The jurisdiction of the Permanent Court may, within the conditions laid down in the regulations, be extended to disputes be- tween non-Contracting Powers or between' Contracting Powers and non-Contracting Powers, if the parties are agreed to have recourse to the Court. . Article 48. The Contracting Powers consider it their duty, if an acute conflict threatens to arise between two or more of them, to remind such Powers that the Permanent Court is open to them. Consequently, they declare that the fact of reminding the parties at variance of the provisions of the present Convention, and the advice given to them, in the highest interests of peace, to have recourse to the Permanent Court, can only be regarded as in the nature of good offices. In case of dispute between two Powers, one of them may always address to the International Bureau a note containing a declaration that it would be ready to sub- mit the dispute to arbitration. The Bureau must at once inform the other Powers of the declaration. Article 49. The Permanent Administrative Council, composed of the Diplomatic Representa- tives of the Contracting Powers accredited to The Hague and of the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs, who acts as President, is charged with the direction and control of the International Bureau. The Council settles its rules of procedure and all other necessary regulations. It decides all questions of administration which may arise with regard to the busi- ness of the Court. It has entire control over the appoint- ment, suspension, or dismissal of the officials and employes of the Bureau. It fixes the payments and salaries, and controls the general expenditure. At meetings duly summoned, the presence of nine members is sufficient to render' valid the discussions of the Council. The decisions are taken by a majority of votes.: The Council communicates to the Contracting Powers without delay the regulations adopted by it. It furnishes them with an annual Report on the labours, of the Court, the working of the staff, and the expenditure* The Report 2!9 Rapport contient egalement un resume du oontenu essentiel des documents commu- niques au Bureau par les Puissances en Vertu de l'Article 43, alineas 3 et 4. Article 50. '. Les frais du Bureau seront supportes par les Puissances Contractantes dans la pro- portion etablie pour le Bureau International de l'Union Postale Universelle. Les frais a la charge des Puissances adherentes seront compt^s a partir du jour ou leur adhesion produit ses effets. Chapitre III. De la Procedure Arbitrale. Article 51. En vue de favoriser le developpement de l'arbitrage, les Puissances Contractantes ont arrSte les regies suivantes qui sont applicables a la procedure arbitrale, en tant que les parties ne sont pas convenues d'autres regies. Article 52. Les Puissances qui recourent a l'ar- bitrage signent un Compromis dans lequel sont determines l'objet du litige, le delai de nomination des Arbitres, la forme, j'ordre et les delais dans lesquels la com- munication visee par l'Article 63 devra etre faite, et le montant de la somme que chaque partie aura a deposer a titre d'avance pour les frais. Le Compromis determine egalement, s'il y a lieu, le mode de nomination des Arbi- tres, tous pouvoirs speciaux eventuels du Tribunal, son siege, la langue dont il fera usage et celles dont l'emploi sera autorise devant lui, et g^neralement toutes les conditions dont les parties sont convenues. Article 53. La Cour Permanente est competente pour l'etablissement du Compromis, si les parties sont d'accord pour s'en remettre a elle. Elle est egalement competente, meme si la demande est faite seulement par 1'une des parties, apres qu'un accord par la voie diplomatique a ete vainement essaye, quand jl s'agit : — 1. D'un differend rentrant dans un Traits d' Arbitrage general conclu* ou renouvele apres la mise en vigueur de cette Convention et qui prevoit pour chaque differend un Compromis et n'exclut pour l'e'tablissement de ce dernier ni expli- likewise contains a summary of the more important contents of the documents com- municated to the Bureau by the Powers in virtue of Article 43, paragraphs 3 and 4', Article 50. The expenses of the Bureau shall be borne by the Contracting Powers in the proportion fixed for the '.International Bureau of the Universal Postal Union. The expenses to be charged to the acceding Powers shall be reckoned from the date on which their accession takes effect. Chapter III. Arbitration Procedure. Article 51. With a view of encouraging the develop- ment of arbitration, the Contracting Powers have agreed on the following rules, which are to apply to arbitration procedure, except in so far as other rules shall have been agreed on by the parties. Article 52. The Powers which have recourse to arbitration sign a Compromis, in which the subject of the dispute is clearly defined, the time allowed for appointing Arbitrators, the form, order, and time in wnich the communication referred to in Article 63 must be made, and the amount of the sum which each party must deposit in advance to defray the expenses. The Compromis likewise defines, if there is occasion for it, the manner of appointing Arbitrators, any special powers which may eventually belong to the Tribunal, the place of meeting, the language it shall use, and the languages the employment of which shall be authorized before it, and, generally speaking, all the conditions on which the parties are agreed. Article 53. The Permanent Court is competent to settle the Compromis, if the parties are agreed to have recourse to it for the purpose. It is similarly competent, even if the request is only made by one of the parties, when all attempts to reach an understand- ing through the diplomatic channel have failed, in the case of : — 1. A dispute covered by a general Treaty "*)f Arbitration concluded or renewed after the present Convention has come into force, and providing for a Compromis in all disputes and not either explicitly or implicitly excluding the settlement of the 30 citement ni implicitement la competence de la Cour. Toutefois, le recours, a la Cour n'a pas lieu si 1 'autre partie declare qu'a son avis le differend n'appartient pas a la categorie des differends a soumettre a un arbitrage obligatoire, a moins que le Traits d' Arbitrage ne confere au Tribunal Arbitral le pouvoir de decider cette ques- tion prealable. 2. D'un differend provenant de dettes contractueiles reclamees a une Puissance par une autre Puissance comme dues a ses nationaux, et pour la solution duquel l'offre d'arbitrage a ete acceptee. Cette disposition n'est pas applicable si accep- tation a ete subordonnee a la condition que le Compromis soit ^tabli selon un autre mode. Article 54. Dans les cas prevus par l'Article pre- cedent, le Compromis sera etabli par une Commission composee de cinq membres designes de la maniere prevue a l'Article 45, alineas 3 a 6. Le cinquieme membre est de droit Pre- sident de la Commission. Compromis from the competence of the Court. Eecourse -cannot, however, be had to the Court if the other party declares that in its opinion the dispute does not belong to the category of disputes which can be submitted to obligatory arbitration, unless the Treaty of Arbitration confers upon the Arbitration Tribunal the power of deciding this preliminary question ; 2. A dispute arising from contract debts claimed from one Power by another Power as due to its subjects or citizens, and for the settlement of which the . offer of arbitration has been accepted. This pro- vision is not applicable if acceptance is subject to the condition that the Com- promis should be settled in some other way. Article 54. In the • cases contemplated in the pre- ceding Article, the Compromis shall be settled by a Commission consisting of five members selected in the manner laid down in Article 45, paragraphs 3 to 6. The fifth member is ex officio President of the Commission. Article 55. Les fonctions arbitrales peuvent etre conferees a un Arbitre unique ou. a plu- sieurs Arbitres designes par les parties a leur gre, ou choisis par elles parmi les membres de la Cour Perraanente d' Arbi- trage etablie par la presente Convention. A defaut de constitution du Tribunal par l'accord des parties, il est precede" de la maniere indiquee a l'Article 45, alineas 3 a 6. Article 56. Lorsqu'un Souverain ou un Chef d'Etat est choisi pour Arbitre, la procedure arbitrate est reglee par lui. Article 57. Le Surarbitre est de droit President du Tribunal. Lorsque le Tribunal ne comprerid pas de Surarbitre, il nomme lui-meme son President. Article 58. 'En cas d'etablissement du Compromis par une Commission, telle qu'elle est vise a l'Article 54, et sauf stipulation contraire, la Commission elle-meme formera le Tri- bunal d'Arbitrage. Article 59. En cas de deces, de demission, ou d'em- p^chement, pour quelque cause que ce soit, de l'un des Arbitres, il est pourvu a son Article 55. The duties of Arbitrator may be con- ferred on a single Arbitrator or on several Arbitrators selected by the parties as they please, or chosen by them from the members of the Permanent Court of. Arbitration es- tablished by the present Convention. Failing the composition of the Tribunal by direct agreement between the parties, the course referred to in Article 45, para- graphs 3 to 6, is followed. Article 56, When a Sovereign or the Chief of a State is chosen as Arbitrator, the arbitra- tion procedure is settled by him. Article 57. The Umpire is ex officio President of the Tribunal. When the Tribunal does not include an Umpire, it appoints its own President. Article 58. When the Compromis is settled by a Commission, as contemplated in Article 54, and in default of agreement to the con- trary, the Commission itself shall form the Arbitration Tribunal. Article 59. Should one of the Arbitrators either die,, resign, or be unable for any reason whatever to act, the same procedure is followed in 31 remplacement selon le mode fixe" pour sa filling his place which was followed in nomination. appointing him. Article 60. A defaut de designation par les parties, le Tribunal siege a La Haye. , Le Tribunal ne peut sieger sur le terri- toire d'une tierce Puissance qu'ayec 1'assentiment de celle-ci. ; ( Le siege une fois fixe" ne peut 6tre change" par le Tribunal qu'avec 1'assenti- ment des parties. Article 60. The Tribunal meets at The Hague, unless- some other place is selected by the parties. The Tribunal may only meet in the terri- tory of a third Power with the latter's consent. The place of meeting once fixed cannot be altered by the Tribunal, except with the assent of the parties. Article 61. Si le Compromis n'a pas determine les langues a employer, il en est decide" par le Tribunal. Article 61. Unless the Compromis has specified the languages to be employed, the question shall be decided by the Tribunal. Article 62. Les parties ont le droit de nommer aupres du Tribunal des agents speciaux, avec la mission de servir d'intermeMiaires entre elles et le Tribunal. Elles sont, en outre, autorisees a charger de la defense de leurs droits et inter^ts devant le Tribunal des conseils ou avocats nommes par elles a cet effet. Les membres de la Cour Permanente ne peuvent exercer les fonctions d'agents, conseils, ou avocats, qu'en faveur de la Puissance qui les a nommes membres de la Cour. Article 63. La procedure arbitrale comprend en regie generale deux phases distinctes : l'instruction ^crite et les d^bats. L 'instruction ecrite consiste dans la com- munication faite par les agents respectifs, aux membres du Tribunal et a la partie adverse, des memoires, des contre-me- moires, et, au besoh), des repliques ; les parties y joignent toutes pieces et docu- ments invoques dans la cause. Cette communication aura lieu, directement ou par l'intermediaire du Bureau Inter- national, dans l'ordre et dans les d&ais determines par le Compromis. Les delais fix^s par le Compromis pbur- ront Stre prolonged de commun accord par les parties, ou par le Tribunal quand il le juge necessaire pour arriver a une decision ju>te. Les d^bats consistent dans le developpe- ment oral des moyens des parties devant le Tribunal. Article 64. Toute piece produite par l'une des parties doit r§tre communiquee, en copie certifiee conforme, a l'autre partie. 2814 Article 62. The parties are entitled to appoint special agents to attend the Tribunal, whose duty it is to act as intermediaries between them- selves and the Tribunal. They are further authorized to retain for the defence of their rights and interests before the Tribunal counsel or advocates appointed by them tor the purpose. The members of the Permanent Court may not act as agents, counsel, or advocates except on behalf of the Power which has appointed them members of the Court. Article 63. As a general rule, arbitration procedure- comprises two ' distinct phases : written pleadings and viva vooe discussions. The written pleadings consist of the com- munication by the respective agents to the members of the Tribunal and the opposing party, of cases, counter-cases, and, if neces- sary, of replies ; the parties annex thereto all papers and documents referred to in the cause. This communication shall be made either directly or through the intermediary of the International Bureau, in the order' and within the time fixed by the Com- promis. The time fixed by the Compromis may be extended by mutual agreement between the parties, or by the Tribunal when the latter considers it necessary for the purpose of reaching a just decision. The discussions consist of the vivct voce arguments of the parties before the Tribunal. Article 64. A duly certified copy of every document produced by one party must be communi- cated to the other party. 32 Article" 65. Article 65. A moins de circonstances speciales, le Unless special circumstances arise, the Tribunal ne se reunit qu'apres la cloture Tribunal does not meet until the pleadings ■de l'instruction. are closed. Article 66. Les debats sont diriges par le President. lis ne sont publics qu'en vertu d'une decision du Tribunal, prise avec l'assenti- ment des parties. lis sont consignes dans des proces- verbaux rediges par des secretaires que nomme le President. Ces proces-verbaux sont signes par le President et par un des secretaires ; ils ont seuls caractere authen- tique. Article 67. L'instruction etant close, le Tribunal a le droit d'ecarter du debat tous actes ou •documents nouveaux qu'une des parties voudrait lui soumettre sans le consente- ment de l'autre. Article 68. Le Tribunal demeure libre de prendre ■en consideration les actes ou documents nouveaux sur lesquels les agents ou con- seils des parties appelleraient son atten- tion. En ce cas, le Tribunal a le droit de requerir la production de ces actes ou documents, sauf l'obligation d'en donner connaissance a la partie adverse. Article 69. Le Tribunal peut, en outre, requerir des agents des parties la production de tous actes et demander toutes explications necessaires. En cas de refus, le Tribunal ■en prend acte. Article 70. Les agents et les conseils des parties sont autorises a presenter oralement au Tribunal tous les moyens qu'ils jugent utiles a la defense de leur cause. Article 71. Ils ont le droit de soulever des excep- tions et des incidents. Les decisions du Tribunal sur ces points sont definitives et ne peuvent donner lieu a aucune discussion ulterieure. Article 72. Les membres du Tribunal ont le droit de poser des questions aux agents et aux conseils des parties, et de leur demander •des eclaircissements sur les noints douteux. Article 66. The discussions are under the direction of the President. They are not public unless it be so decided by the Tribunal, with the assent of the parties. They are recorded in minutes drawn up by the Secretaries appointed by the President. These minutes are signed by the President and by one of the Secretaries and the only authentic record. Article 67. After the close of the pleadings, the Tribunal is entitled to exclude from the dis- cussion all fresh papers or documents which one party may wish to submit to it with- out the consent of the other. Article 68. The Tribunal is free to take into con- sideration fresh papers or documents to which its attention may be drawn by the agents or counsel of the parties. In that case, the Tribunal has the right to require the production of such papers or documents, but is obliged to make them known to the opposing party. Article 69. The Tribunal may also call upon the agents of the parties to furnish all neces- sary papers and explanations. The Tribunal takes note of any refusal. Article 70. The agents and the counsel of the parties are authorized to present verbally to the Tribunal all the arguments they may consider expedient in support of their case. Article 71. They are entitled to raise objections and points. The decisions of the Tribunal thereon are final and cannot form the subject of any subsequent discussion. Article 72. The members of the Tribunal are entitled to put questions to the agents and counsel of the parties, and to ask them for explana- tions on doubtful points. 33 Ni les questions pOsees, ni les observa- tions faites par les membres du Tribunal pendant le cours des debats ne peuvent 6tre regarded comme l'expression des opinions du Tribunal en general ou de ses membres en particulier. Article 73. . Le Tribunal est autorise a determiner sa -competence en interpretant le Compromis ainsi que les autres Actes et documents qui peuvent §tre invoques dans la matiere, et en appliquant les principes du droit. Article 74. Le Tribunal a le droit de rendre des ordonnances de procedure pour la direction du proces, de determiner les formes, l'ordre, et les delais dans lesquels chaque partie devra prendre ses conclusions finales, et de proceder a toutes les formalites que comporte l'administration des preuves. Article 75. Les parties s'engagent a fournir au Tri- bunal, dans la plus large mesure qu'elles jugeront possible, tous les moyens neces- saires pour la decision du litige. Article 76. Pour toutes les notifications que le Tri- bunal aurait a faire sur le territoire d'une tierce Puissance Contractante, le Tribunal s'adressera directement au Gouvernement de cette Puissance. II en sera de me'me s'il s'agit de faire proceder sur place a 1'etablissenient de tous moyens de preuve. Les requites adressees a cet effet seront executees suivant les moyens dont la Puis- sance requise dispose d'apres sa legislation interieure. Elles ne peuvent e"tre refusees qui si cette Puissance les juge de nature a porter atteinte a sa souverainete ou a sa securite. Le Tribunal aura aussi toujours la faculte de recourir a l'intermediaire de la Puis- sance sur le territoire de laquelle il a son siege. Article 77. Les agents et les conseils des parties ayant presente tous les eclaircissements et preuves a l'appui de leur cause, le Presi- dent prononce la cl6ture des debats. Article 78. Les deliberations du Tribunal ont lieu a huis clos et restent secretes. Toute decision est prise a la majorite de ses membres. 2814 Neither the questions put, nor the remarks made by members of the Tribunal in the course of the discussions, are to be regarded as an expression of opinion by the Tribunal as a whole or by its members in particular. Article 73. The jurisdiction o£ the Tribunal extends to questions relating to the interpretation of the Compromis and of other Acts and documents referred to in the cause, and to the application thereto of the principles of law. Article 74. The Tribunal is entitled to make orders of procedure for the conduct of the case, to decide the forms, order, and time in which each party must present its final arguments, and to arrange all the formalities required for taking evi- dence. Article 75. The parties undertake to supply the Tribunal, within the widest limits they may think practicable, with all the infor- mation required for deciding the dispute. Article 76. For the service of all notices by the Tribunal in the territory of a third Contracting Power, the Tribunal shall apply direct to the Government of such Power. The same principle shall apply in the case of steps being taken on the spot in order to procure evidence. Requests for this purpose are to be executed as far as the means, which the Power applied to possesses under municipal law, allow. They cannot be rejected unless the Power in question considers them likely to impair its sovereign rights or its safety. The Tribunal will also be entitled in all cases to act through the Power within the territory of which it meets. Article 77. When the agents and counsel of the parties have submitted all the explanations and evidence in support of their case the President shall declare the discussion closed. Article 78. The Tribunal considers its decisions in private and the proceedings remain secret. All questions are decided by a majority of the members of the Tribunal. . E 2 34 Article 79. <• La sentence arbitrale est motivee. Elle inentionne les noms des Arbitres ; elle est iign^e par le President et par le Greffier ou > le secretaire faisant fqnctions de Greffier. Article 80. La sentence est lue en stance publique, les agents et les conseils des parties presents ou dument appetes. Article 81. La sentence, dument prononcee et notifiee aux agents des parties, decide definitive- ment et sans appel la contestation. Akticle 82. Tout differend qui pourrait surgir entre les parties, concernant l'interpretation et l'execution de la sentence, sera, sauf stipu- lation contraire, soumis au jugement du Tribunal qui l'a rendue. Article 83. Les parties peuvent se reserver dans le •Compromis de demander la revision de la sentence arbitrale. Dans ce cas, et sauf stipulation con- traire, la demande doit 6tre adressee au Tribunal qui a rendu la sentence. Elle ne peut &tre motivee que par la d^eou- verte d'un fait nouveau qui eut ete de nature a exercer une influence decisive sur la sentence et qui, lors de la cloture des debats, etait inconnu du Tribunal lui- m6me et de la partie qui a demande" la revision. La procedure de revision ne peut etre ouverte que par une decision du Tribunal •constatant express^ment l'existence du fait nouveau, lui reconnaissant les caracteres prevus par le paragraphe precedent et •declarant a ce titre la demande recevable. Le Compromis determine le delai dans lequel la demande de revision doit etre formee. Article 84. La, sentance arbitrale n'est obligatoire que pour les parties en litige. Lorsqu'il s'agit de l'interpretation d 'une Convention a laquelle ont participe d'autres Puissances que les parties en litige, celles-ci avertissent en temps utile toutes les Puis- sances Signataires. , ., Chacune de ces Puis- sances a le droit d'intervenir au proces. Si une ou plusieurs d'entre el les ont profite de cette faculte, l'interpretation contenue dans la sentence est egalement obligatoire .a leur egaud. Article 79. The Award must state the reasons on which it is based. It recites the names of the Arbitrators arid is . signed by the 1 President and by ' the Kegistrar, or the Secretary acting as registrar. Article 80. The Award is read in open Court, the agents and counsel of the parties being present or duly' summoned to attend. 1 Article 81. The Award, duly pronounced and notified to the agents of the parties, settles the dispute definitively and without appeal. Article 82. Any difference arising between the parties as to the interpretation and execution of the Award shall, in default of Agreement to the contrary, be submitted to the decision of the Tribunal which pronounced the Award. Article 83. The parties may in the Compromis reserve the right to demand the revision of the Award. In that case and in default of Agreement to the contrary, the demand must be addressed to the Tribunal which pro- nounced , the Award. Such demand may only be made on the ground of the discovery of some new fact which is calculated to exercise a decisive influence upon the Award, and which,' at the time when the dis- cussion was closed, was unknown to the Tri- bunal and to the party demanding revision. Proceedings for revision can only be instituted on a decision of the Tribunal expressly recording the existence of the new fact, recognizing in it the character described in the preceding paragraph, and declaring the demand admissible on this ground, The Compromis fixes the period within which the demand for revision must be made. Article 84. The Award is not binding except on the parties to the proceedings. When there is a question as to the inter- pretation of a Convention of which other Powers are signatories, the parties ■ to the proceedings shall inform all the Signatory Powers in good tim e. Each of these Powers is entitled to intervene in the proceeding. If one or more avail themselves of the right, the interpretation given by the Award is equally binding on them. 35 ARTICLE 85. Article 85. Chaque partie supporte ses propres frais Each "party pays its own expenses and et une part egale des frais du Tribunal, an equal share of the expenses of the Tribunal. • Chapitre IV. De la Procedure Sommaire d'Arbitrage. Article 86. En vue de faciliter le fonctionnement de la justice arbitrale, lorsqu'il s'agit de litiges de nature a comporter une proce- dure sommaire, les Puissances Contrac- tantes arre'tent les regies ci-apres, qui sei'ont suivies en l'absence de stipulations differentes, et sous reserve, le cas ^cheant, del 'application des dispositions du Chapitre III, qui ne seraient pas contraires. Chapter IV. Arbitration by Summary Procedure. Article 86. With a view of facilitating the working of the system of arbitration in disputes admitting of a summary procedure, the i Contracting Powers , adopt the following rules, which shall be observed in the absence of other arrangements and with the reservation that the provisions of Chapter III apply so far as they are not inconsistent with these rules. Article 87. Chacune des parties en litige nomme un Arbitre. Les deux Arbitres ainsi designes choisissent un Surarbitre. S'ils ne tombent pas d'accord a ce> sujet, chacun presente deux candidats pris sur la liste general e des membres de la Cour Permanente, en dehors des membres in- diques par chacune des parties elles- memes et n'etant les nationaux d'aucune d'elles ; le sort determine lequel des can- didats ainsi presentes sera le Surarbitre. Le Surarbitre preside le Tribunal, qui rend- ses decisions a la majorite des voix. Article 88. A defaut d'accord prealable;le Tribunal fixe, des qu'il est constitue" le delai dans lequel les deux parties devront lui sou- mettre leurs memoires respeetif s. . Article 87. Each x>f the contending parties appoints an Arbitrator. The two Arbitrators thus selected choose an Umpire. If they do not agree on this point, each of them proposes two candidates taken from the general list of the members of the Permanent Court exclusive of the members appointed by either of the parties and not being of the nationality of either of them ; which of the candidates thus proposed shall be the Umpire is determined by lot. The Umpire presides over the Tribunal. Decisions are given by a majority of votes. Article 88. In default of previous agreement, the Tribunal, when constituted, settles the time within which the two parties shall submit their respective cases to it. Article 89., Chaque partie est * representee devant le Tribunal par un agent qui sert d'inter-. mediaire entre le Tribunal et le Gouverne- ment qui Ya, designe. '•■ Article 89, Each party is represented before the Tribunal by an agent, who serves as intermediary between the Tribunal and the Government appointing him. Articlk 90. La procedure a liea exclusivement par ecrit. Toutefois, chaque partie a le droit de demander la comparution de teinoins et d'expertg. . Le Tribunal a, de son cdte, la faculte^ de demander des' explications r orales aux agents des deux parties, ainsi qu'aux experts et aux teinoins dont il juge la, comparution utile, ..,, , , Article 90. The proceedings are conducted exclu- sively in writing. Each party,- however,' is entitled to demand the calling of witnesses and experts. The Tribunal, on its part, has the right to ask for viva voce explana- tions from the agents of the two parties, as well as from the experts and witnesses whose appearance in Court it may consider useful. 36 Titre V. Dispositions Finales. Article 91. La presente Conventiom dument ratified remplacera, dans les rapports entre les Puissances Contractantes, la Convention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Conflits Internationaux du 29 Juillet, 1899. Article 92. La presente Convention sera ratifiee aussit6t que possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. Le premier dep6t de ratifications sera constate par un proces-verbal signe par les Representants des Puissances qui y prennent part et par le Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. Les depots ulterieurs de ratifications se fcront au moyen d'une notification ecrite adress^e au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et accompagnee de l'instrument de ratifica- tion. Copie certified conforme du proces-verbal relatif au premier dep6t de ratifications, des notifications mentionnees a l'alinea precedent, ainsi que des instruments de ratification, sera immediatement remise, par les soins du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas et par le voie diplomatique, aux Puis- sances convives a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puissances qui auront adhere" a la Convention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en m6me temps la date a laquelle il a recu la ratification. Article 93. Les Puissances non-Signataires qui ont ete conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix pourront adherer a la presente Convention. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ^crit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant Facte d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra imme- diatement a toutes les autres Puissances conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix copie certified conforme de la notifi- cation ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a recu la notification. Article 94. Les conditions auxquelles les Puissances qui n'ont pas ete convives a la Deuxieme Part V. Final Provisions. Article 91. The present Convention, duly ratified,, shall replace, as between the Contracting Powers, the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes of the 29th July, 1899. Article 92. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. The first deposit of ratifications shall be recorded in a Protocol signed by the Representatives of the Powers which take- part therein and by the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs. The subsequent deposits of ratifications- shall be made by means of a written notification, addressed to the Netherland Government and accompanied by the instrumeut of ratification. A duly certified copy of the Protocol relating to the first deposit of ratifications,, of the notifications mentioned in the preceding paragraph, and of the instru- ments of ratification, shall be immediately sent by the Netherland Government, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Con- ference, as well as to the other Powers- which have acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall in the cases contemplated in the preceding paragraph inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Article 93. Non- Signatory Powers which have been invited to the Second Peace Conference may accede to the present Convention. A Power which decides to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, - forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be de- posited in the archives of the said Govern- ment. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference a duly certi- fied copy of the notification as well as of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. Article 94. The conditions on which the Powers not invited to the Second Peace Con- 37 Conference de la Paix, pourront adherer k la presente Convention, formeront l'objet d'une entente ulterieure entre les Puis- sance Contractantes. Article 95. La presente Convention produira effet, pour les Puissances qui auront particip^ au premier dep6t de ratifications, soixante jours apres la date du proces-verbal de ce depot, et pour les Puissances qui rati- fieront ulterieurement ou qui adhereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de ieur ratification ou de leur adhesion aura ete reque par le Gouvernement des Pays- Bas. Article 96. S'il arrivait qu'une des Puissances Con- tractantes voulut denoncer la presente Convention, la denonciation sera notifiee par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera immediatement copie certifiee confer me de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a reque. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notifiee, et un an apres que la notification en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 97. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indi- quera la date du depot de ratifications effectue - en vertu de l'Article 92, alineas 3 et 4. ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ete rec,ues les notifications d'adhesion (Article 93, alinea 2) ou de denonciation (Article 96, alinea 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est ad- mise a prendre connaissance de ce registre, et a en demander des extraits certifies conformes. ference may accede to the present Con- vention shall form the subject of a subsequent agreement between the C< , tracting Powers. a Con- Article 95. The present Convention shall take effect, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifications, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subsequently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratification or of their accession has been received by the Nether- land Government. Article 96. In the event of one of the Contracting Parties wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately communicate a duly certified copy of the notification to all the other Powers inform- ing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notifica- tion has reached the Netherland Govern- ment. Article 97. A register kept by the Nether] and Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 92, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the notifi- cations of accession (Article 93, paragraph 2) or of denunciation (Article 96, para- graph 1) have been received. Each Contracting t Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be supplied with duly certified extracts from it. En foi de qiioi les Plenipotentiaires ont In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries rev6tu la presente Convention de leurs have appended their signatures to the signatures. present Convention. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, et dont des copies certifiees conformes seront remises par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances Contractantes. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Nether- land Government, and of which duly certi- fied copies shall be sent, through the diplo- matic channel, to the Contracting Powers. 38 No. 2. Convention concernant la Limi- tation de l'Emploi de la Force pour le Recouvrement de Dettes Contractuelles. SA Majeste l'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste" l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Boh&ne, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste" l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de 1'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur, des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Ha'iti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grande-Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro le President de la Republique de Nicaragua Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c, ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de 1' Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : (Translation.) Convention respecting the Limi- tation of the Employment of Force for the Recovery of Contract Debts. - His Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria; the President of the Republic of Chile; His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the President of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and. of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President or the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty' the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of' Vene- zuela : Desireux d'eviter entre les nations des Being desirous of preventing between conflits armes d'une origine pecuniaire, nations armed conflicts originating in a 39 provenant de dettes contractuelles, re- clafaaees au Gouvernement d'un pays par le Gouvernement d'un autre pays comme dues a ses nationaux, ont resolu de con- clure une Convention a cet effet, et ont nomme pour leurs Plenipotentiaires, sa- voir : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels, apres avoir depose" leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des dispositions sui- vantes : — Article 1. Les Puissances Contractantes sont con- venues de ne pas avoir recours a la force armee ponr le recouvrement de dettes con- tractuelles reclamees au Gouvernement d'un pays par le Gouvernement d'un autre pays comme dues a ses nationaux. Toutefois, cette stipulation ne pourra 6tre appliquee quand l'Etat debiteur refuse ou laisse sans reponse une offre d'arbitrage, ou, en cas d'acceptation, rend impossible l'etablissement du Compromis, ou, apres l'arbitrage, manque de se conformer a la sentence rendue. Article 2. II est de plus convenu que l'arbitrage, mentionne dans l'alinea 2 de l'Article pre- cedent, sera soumis a la procedure prevue par le Titre IV, Chapitre 3, de la Conven- tion de La Haye pour leReglementPacifique des Conflits Internationaux. Le jugement arbitral determine, sauf les arrangements particuliers des parties, le bien-fonde de la reclamation, le montant de la dette, le temps, et le mode de paiement. Article 3. La presente Convention sera ratifiee aussitot que possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. Le premier depot de ratifications sera constate par un proces-verbal signe par les Representants des Puissances qui y prennent, part et par le Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. Les dep6ts ulterieurs de ratifications se feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite, adressee au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et accompagnee de 1'instrument de ratifica- tion. Copie certifiee conforme du proces-verbal relatif au premier depot de ratifications, des notifications mentionnees a l'alinea prudent, ainsi que des instruments de ratification, sera immediatement remise, par les soins du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas et par la voie diplomatique, aux Puis- 2814 pecuniary dispute respecting contract debts claimed from the Government of one country by the Government of another- country as due to its subjects or citizens have resolved to conclude a Convention to this effect, and have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following provisions : — Article 1. The Contracting Powers agree not to have recourse to armed force for the recovery of contract debts claimed from the Government of one country by the Government of another country as being due to its subjects or citizens. This undertaking is, however, not applic- able when the debtor State refuses or neglects to reply to an offer of arbitration, or, after accepting the offer, renders the settlement of the Compromis impossible, or, after the arbitration, fails to comply with the award. Article 2. It is further agreed that the arbitration mentioned in the second paragraph of the preceding Article shall be subject to the procedure laid down in Part IV, Chapter 3, of the Convention of the Hague for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. The award shall determine, except where otherwise agreed between the parties, the validity of the claim, the amount of the debt, and the time and mode of payment. Article 3. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. The first deposit of ratifications shall be recorded in a Protocol signed by the Representatives of the Powers which take part therein and by the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs. The subsequent deposits of ratifications shall be made by means of a written notification addressed to the Netherland Government and accompanied by the instrument of ratification. A duly certified copy of the Protocol relating to the first deposit of ratifica- tions, of the notifications mentioned in the preceding paragraph, and of the instruments of ratification, shall be imme- diately sent by the Netherland Govern- ment, through the diplomatic channel, to 40 sances convives a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puissances qui auront adhere 7 a la Convention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en meme temps la date a laquelle il a regu la notifi- cation. the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference, as well as to the other Powers which have acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall, in the cases contemplated in the preceding paragraph, inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Akticle 4. Les Puissances non-Signataires sont ad- mises a adherer a la presente Convention. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant l'acte d'adhesion qui sera depose" dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra immedi- atement a toutes les autres Puissances conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix copie certifiee conforme de la notifi- cation ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a rec,u la notification. Article 5. La presente Convention produira effet pour les Puissances qui auront participe au premier dep6t de ratifications, soixante jours apres la date du proces-verbal de ce depot, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ulterieurement ou qui adhereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur ratification ou de leur adhesion aura ete reque par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 4, Non- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Convention. A Power which desires to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be deposited in the archives of the said Government. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference a duly certified copy of the notification, as well as of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. Article 5. The present Convention shall take effect, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifica- tions, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subse- quently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratification or of their accession has been received by the Netherland Government. Article 6. S'il arrivait qu'une des Puissances Con- tractantes voulut denoncer la presente Con- vention, la denonciation sera notifiee par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera immediatement copie cer- tifiee conforme de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a reque. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui 1'aura notified, et un an apres que la notification en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 7. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indiquera la Hate du d^p6t de ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 3, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront e^e reques les notifications d'adhesion (Article 4, alinea 2) ou de denonciation (Article 6, alinea 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est ad- mise a prendre connaissance de ce registre. Article 6. In the event of one of the Contracting Powers wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately com- municate a duly certified copy of the notification to all the other Powers, in- forming them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notifica- tion has reached the Netherland Govern- ment. Article 7. A register kept by the Netherland Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 3, paragraphs 3 arid 4, as well as the date on which the notifica- tions of accession (Article 4, paragraph 2) or of denunciation (Article 6, paragraph 1) were received. Each Contracting Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be 41 et a en demander des extraits certifies con- formes. supplied with duly certified extracts from it. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries revetu la presente Convention de leurs have appended their signatures to the- signatures. present Convention. Fait a La Have, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, et dont des copies certifiers conformes seront remises par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances Contractantes. Done at The Hague, the 18th October,. 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be seat through the diplomatic channel to : the Contracting Powers. 42 No. 3. Convention relative a l'Ouver- ture des Hostilites. SA Majeste" l'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de BoMme, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Roy ale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-TJni de Grande- Bretagne et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste" le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Ha'iti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa. Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grand-Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau ; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro ; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique de Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique de Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste" le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste" l'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste" le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste" le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste" le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : Considerant que, pour la securite des relations pacifiques, il importe que les hostilites ne commencent pas sans un avertissement prealable ; (Translation.) Convention relative to the Opening of Hostilities. HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria ; the President of the Republic of Chile ; His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the President of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of •the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King o Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : Considering that it is important, in order to ensure the maintenance of pacific rela- tions, that hostilities should not commence without previous warning. 43 Qu'il importe, de meme, que l'etat de guerre soit notifie sans retard aux Puis- sances neutres ; Desirant conclure une Convention a cet effet, ont nomme pour leurs Plenipoten- tiaires, savoir : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des dispositions sui- vantes : — Article 1. Les Puissances Contractantes reconnais- sent que les hostilites entre elles ne doivent pas commencer sans un avertissement pre- alable et non equivoque, qui aura, soit la forme d'une declaration de guerre motivee, soit celle d'un ultimatum avec declaration de guerre conditionnelle. Article 2. L'etat de guerre devra etre notifie sans retard aux Puissances neutres et ne pro- duira effet a leur egard qu'apres reception d'une notification qui pourra 6tre faite m&ne par voie telegraphique. Toutefois les Puissances neutres ne pourraient in- voquer l'absence de notification, s'il etait ^tabli d'une maniere non douteuse qu'en fait elles connaissaient l'etat de guerre. Article 3. L' Article I de la presente Convention produira effet en cas de guerre entre deux ou plusieurs des Puissances Contractantes. L' Article 2 est obligatoire dans les rap- ports entre un belligerant contractant et les Puissances neutres egalement con- tractantes. Article 4. La presente Convention sera ratifiee aussitot que possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. Le premier dep6t de ratifications sera constate par un proces -verbal signe par les Representants des Puissances qui y prennent part et par le Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. Les dep6ts ulterieurs de ratifications se feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite adressee au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et accompagnee de l'instrument de ratifica- tion. Copie certifiee conforme du proces-verbal relatif au premier dep6t de ratifications, des notifications mentionnees a l'alinea precedent ainsi que des instruments de ratification, sera immediatement remise That it is equally important that the ex- istence of a slate of war should be notified without delay to neutral Powers ; and Being desirous of concluding a Con- vention to this effect, have appointed the following as their Plenipotentiaries : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following pro- visions Article 1. The Contracting Powers recognize that hostilities between them must not com- mence without a previous and explicit warning, in the form of either a declaration of war, giving reasons, or an ultimatum with a conditional declaration of war. Article 2. The existence of a state of war must be notified to the neutral Powers without delay, and shall not be held to affect them until after the receipt of a notification, which may, however, be given by telegraph. Nevertheless, neutral Powers may not rely on the absence of notification if it be estab- lished beyond doubt that they were in fact aware of the existence of a state of war. Article 3. Article 1 of the present Convention shall take effect in case of war between two or more of the Contracting Powers. Article 2 applies as between a bel- ligerent Power which is a party to the Convention and neutral Powers which are also parties to the Convention. Article 4. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. The first deposit of ratifications shall be recorded in a Protocol signed by the Representatives of the Powers which take part therein and by the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs. The subsequent deposits of ratifications shall be made by means of a written notification, addressed to the Netherland Government and accompanied by the in- strument of ratification. A duly certified copy of the Protocol relating to the first deposit of ratifica- tions, of the notifications mentioned in the preceding paragraph, and of the instru- ments of ratification, shall be immedi- 44 par les soins du G-ouvernement des Pays- Bas et par la voie diplomatique aux Puis- sances conviees a la Deuxierne Conference de la Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puissances qui auront adhere a la Convention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en m6me temps la date a laquelle il a rec,u la notifi- cation. Article 5. Les Puissances non-Signataires sont ad- mises a adherer a la presente Convention. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant Facte d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra imme- diatement a toutes les autres Puissances copie certifiee conforme de la notification ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indi- quant la date a laquelle il a retju la notifi- cation. Article 6. La presente Convention produira effet, pour les Puissances qui auront particip^ au premier dep6t de ratifications, soixante jours apres la date du proces-verbal de ce d£pot, et, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ulterieurement ou qui adhere- ront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur ratification ou de leur adhesion aura ete rec,ue par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 7. S'il arrivait qu'une des Hautes Parties Contractantes voulut denoncer la presente Convention, la denonciation sera notifiee par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui commuuiquera immediatement eopie certifiee conforme de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a recue. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notified et un an apres que la notifica- tion en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, Article 8. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pay3-Bas indiquera la date du depot de ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 4, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront &te reques les notifications d'adhesion (Article 5, alinea 2) ou de denonciation (Article 7, alinea 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est admise a prendre connaissance de ce ately sent by the Netherland Government through the diplomatic channel to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Con- ference, as well as to the other Powers which have acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall, in the cases contem- plated in the preceding paragraph, inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Article 5. Non- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Convention. A Power which desires to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be de- posited in the archives of the said Govern- ment. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers a duly certified copy of the notification as well as of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. Article 6. The present Convention shall take effect, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifications, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subsequently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratification or of their accession has been received by the Nether- land Government. Article 7. In the event of one of the High Contract- ing Parties wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately com- municate a duly certified copy of the notifi- cation to all the other Powers, informing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notifica- tion has reached the Netherland Govern- ment. Article 8. A register kept by the Nether land Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 4, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the notifications of accession (Article 5, paragraph 2) or of denunciation (Article 7, paragraph 1) have been received. Each Contracting Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be 46 registre et a en demander des extraits supplied with duly certified extracts from, certifies conformes. it. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont rev&tu la presente Convention de leurs signatures. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire. qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et dont des copies, certifiers eonformes, seront remises par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances qui ont et^ convives k la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have appended their signatures to the present Convention. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall he sent, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference. 46 No. 4. (Translation.) Convention concernant les Lois Convention concerning the Laws et Coutumes de la Guerre sur and Customs of War on Land. Terre. SA Majeste l'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majesty l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Boh&ne, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande- Br etagne et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Haiti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grand- Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du P6rou ; Sa Majeste Imp^riale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste" le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria ; the President of the Republic of Chile ; His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor o£ the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the President of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the- Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : Considerant que, tout en recherchant les Considering that, while seeking means to moyens de sauvegarder la paix et de pre- preserve peace and prevent armed conflicts venir les conflits armes entre les nations, il between nations, it is likewise necessary to 47 importe de se preoccuper egalement du cas ou l'appel aux armes serait amene par des evenements que leur sollicitude n'aurait pu detourner ; Animes du . desir de servir encore, dans cette hypothese extreme, les intents de l'humanite et les exigences toujours pro- gressives de la civilisation ; Estimant que l'importe, a cette fin, de reviser les lois et coutumes generates de la guerre, soit dans le but de les definir avec plus de precision, soit afin d'y tracer certaines limites destinees a en restreindre autant que possibles les rigueurs ; Ont juge" necessaire de completer et de preciser sur certains points l'oeuvre de la Premiere Conference de la Paix, qui, s'in- spirant, a la suite de la Conference de Bruxelles de 1874, de ces idees recom- mandees par une sage et genereuse pre- voyance, a adopte des dispositions ayant pour objet de definir et de regler les usages de la guerre sur terre. Selon les vues des Hautes Parties Con- tractantes, ces dispositions, dont la redac- tion a ete inspiree par le desir de diminuer les maux de la guerre, autant que les necessites militaires le permettent, sont destinees a servir de regie geaerale de conduite aux belligerants, dans leurs rap- ports entre eux et avec les populations. II n'a pas ete possible toutefois de con- certer des maintenant des stipulations s'etendant a toutes les circonstances qui se pr^sentent dans la pratique ; D'autre part, il ne pouvait entrer dans les intentions des Hautes Parties Con- tractantes que les cas non prevus fussent, faute de stipulation ecrite, laissees a l'ap- preciation arbitraire de ceux qui dirigent les armees. En attendant qu'un code plus complet des lois de la guerre puisse etre edicte, les Hautes Parties Contractantes j agent op- portun de constater que, dans les cas non compris dans les dispositions reglemen- taire adoptees par elles, les populations et les belligerants restent sous la sauve- garde et sous l'empire des principes du droi des gens, tels qu'ils resultent des usages etablis entre nations civilisees, des lois de l'humanite et des exigences de la conscience publique. Elles declarent que c'est dans ce sens que doivent s'entendre notamment les Articles 1 et 2 du Reglement adopte. Les Hautes Parties Contractantes, de- sirant conclure une nouvelle Convention a cet effet, ont nomme pour les Plenipoten- tiaries, savoir : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] bear in mind the case where an appeal to arms may be brought about by events- beyond their responsibility to control ; Being animated also by the desire to serve, even in this extreme case, the in- terests of humanity and the ever-progres- sive needs of civilization ; and Thinking it important, with this object,, to revise the general laws and customs of war, with the view on the one hand of defining them with greater pre- cision, and, on the other hand, of confining them within limits intended to mitigate their severity as far as possible ; Have deemed it necessary to complete and render more precise in certain particu- lars the work of the First Peace Conference,, which, following on the Brussels Conference of 1874, and inspired by the ideas dictated by a wise and generous forethought, adopted provisions intended to define and regulate the usages of war on land. According to the views of the High Contracting Parties, these provisions, the drafting of which ha3 been inspired by the desire to diminish the evils of war, so far as military requirements permit, are in- tended to serve as a general rule of conduct for the belligerents in their mutual relations and in their relations with the inhabitants. It has not, however, been found possible at present to concert stipulations covering all the circumstances which arise in. practice ; On the other hand, the High Contracting Parties clearly do not intend that unfore- seen cases should, in default of written agreement, be left to the arbitrary opinion, of military commanders. Until a more complete code of the laws- of war can be drawn up, the High Con- tracting Parties deem it expedient to declare that, in cases not covered by the rules adopted by them, the inhabitants and the ■ belligerents remain under the protection and governance of the principles of the law of nations, derived from ' the usages established among civilized peoples, from the laws of humanity, and from the dictates of the public conscience. They declare that it is in this sense especially that Articles 1 and 2 of the- . Regulations adopted must be understood. The High Contracting Parties, wishing to conclude a fresh Convention to this effect, have appointed as their Plenipo- tentiaries, that is to say : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] 28H 48 Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins Who, after having deposited their full pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, powers, found to be in good and due form, sont convenus de ce qui suit : — have agreed upon the following : — Article 1. Article 1. Les Puissances Contractantes donneront The Contracting Powers shall issue a leurs forces armees de terre des instruc- instructions to their armed land forces tions qui seront conformes au Reglement which shall be in conformity with the concernant les Lois et Coutumes de la Regulations respecting the Laws and Guerre sur Terre, annexe a la presente Customs of War on Land, annexed to the Convention. present Convention.* Article 2. Article 2. Les dispositions contenues dans le Regie- The provisions contained in the Regula- ment vise a 1' Article 1 ainsi que dans la tions referred to in Article 1, as well as in presente Convention ne sont applicables the present Convention, do not apply except qu'entre les Puissances Contractantes, et between Contracting Powers, and then only aeulement si les belligerants sont tous if all the belligerents are parties to the parties a la Convention. Convention. Article 3. Article 3. La partie belligeVante qui violerait les A belligerent party which violates the dispositions du dit Reglement sera tenue a provisions of the said Regulations shall, indemnite, s'il y a lieu. Elle sera respon- if the case demands, be liable to pay sable de tous actes commis par les per- compensation. It shall be responsible for sonnes faisant partie de sa force armee. all acts committed by persons forming part of its armed forces. Article 4. Article 4. La presente Convention dument ratifiee The present Convention, duly ratified, remplacera, dans les rapports entre les shall replace, as between the Contract- Puissances Contractantes, la Convention du ing Powers, the Covention of the 29 Juillet, 1899, concernant les Lois et 29th July, 1899, respecting the Laws and Coutumes de la Guerre sur Terre. Customs of War on Land. La Convention de 1899 reste en vigueur The Convention of 1899 remains in dans les rapports entre les Puissances qui force as between the Powers which signed 1'ont signee et qui ne ratifieraient pas it, but which do not ratify the present egalement la presente Convention. Convention. Article 5. Article 5. La presente Convention sera ratifiee The present Convention shall be ratified aussit6t que possible. as soon as possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La The ratifications shall be deposited at Haye. The Hague. Le premier depot de ratifications sera The first deposit of ratifications shall be constate par un proces-verbal signe par recorded in a Protocol signed by the les Repr^sentants des Puissances qui y Representatives of the Powers which take prennant f part et par le Ministre des part therein and by the Netherland Minister Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. for Foreign Affairs. Les depots ulterieurs de ratifications se The subsequent deposits of ratifications feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite shall be made by means of a written a,dress^e au Gouvernement du Pays-Bas et notification, addressed to the Netherland accompagnee de l'instrument de ratifica- Government and accompanied by the tion. instrument of ratification. Copie certifiee conforme du proces- A duly certified copy of the Protocol verbal relatif au premier depot de ratifica- relating to the first deposit of ratifi- tions, des notifications mentionn^es a cations, of the notifications mentioned l'alinea precedent, ainsi que des instru- in the preceding paragraph, and of the ments de ratification, sera immediatement instruments of ratification, shall be imme- remise par les soins de Gouvernement des diately sent by the Netherland Govern- Pays-Bas et par le voie diplomatique aux ment, through the diplomatic channel, to Puissances conviees a la Deuxieme Confe- the Powers, invited to the Second Peace * See p. 50. 49 rence de la Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puis- sances qui auront adhere a la Convention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en meme temps la date a laquelle il a requ la notification. Article 6. Les Puissances non-Signataires sont ad- mises a adherer a la presente Convention. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant l'acte d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra immedi- atement a toutes les autres Puissances copie certifiee conforme de la notification ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a requ la notification. Conference, as well as to the other Powers which have acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall, in the cases contemplated in the preceding paragraph, inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Article 6. Non- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Convention. A Power which desires to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be deposited in the archives of the said Government. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other powers a duly certified copy of the notification as well a.s of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. Article 7. La presente Convention produira effet, pour les Puissances qui auront participe au premier dep6t de ratifications, soixante jour apres la date du proces-verbal de ce dep6t et, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ulterieurement ou qui adhereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur ratification ou de leur adhesion aura ete rec,ue par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 8. S'il arrivait qu'une des Puissances Con- tractants voulut denoncer la presente Con- vention, la denonciation sera notifiee par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera immediatement copie cer- tifiee conforme de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a rec,ue. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notifiee et un an apres que la notification en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 9. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Af- faires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indiquera la date du depot de ratifications effectue en vertu de l'Article 5, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ete recues les notifications d'adhesion (Article 6, alinea 2) ou de denonciation (Article 8, alinea 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est ad- mise a prendre connaissance de ce registre et a en demander des extraits certifies con- formes. 2814 Article 7. The present Convention shall take effects in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifications, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subsequently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratification or of their accession has been received by the Nether- land Government. Article 8. In the event of one of the Contracting Powers wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately com- municate a duly certified copy of the noti- fication to all the other Powers, informing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notification has reached the Nether land Government. Article 9. A register kept by the Netherland Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 5, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the notifica- tions of accession (Article 6, paragraph 2) or of denunciation (Article 8, paragraph 1) have been received. Each Contracting PoWer is entitled to have access to this Register and to be sup- plied with duly certified extracts from it. G 2 50 En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont rev6tu la presente Convention de leurs signatures. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, et dont des copies, certifiees conformes, seront remises par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances qui ont et^ conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have appended their signatures to the present Convention. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference. Annex to the Convention. Heglement concernant les Lois et Coutumes de la Guerre sur Terre. Regulations respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land. Section I. Des Bellige'rants. Chapitre I. De la Qualite" de Belligerant. Article 1. LES lois, les droits, et les devoirs de la guerre ne s'appliquent pas seulement a l'armee, mais encore aux milices et aux corps de volontaires r^unissant les condi- tions suivantes : — 1. D'avoir a leur tete une personne re- sponsable pour ses subordonnes ; 2. D'avoir un signe distinctif fixe et re- connaissable a distance ; 3. De porter les armes ouvertement ; et 4. De se conformer dans leurs operations aux lois et coutumes de la guerre. Dans les pays ou les milices ou des corps de volontaires constituent l'armee ou en font partie, ils sont compris sous la de- nomination d'armee. Article 2. La population d'un territoire non occupe qui, a l'approche de l'ennemi, prend spon- tanement les armes pour combattre les ■troupes d'invasion sans avoir eu le temps de s'organiser conformement a 1' Article 1, sera consid^ree comme belligerante si elle porte les armes ouvertement et pi elle respecte les lois et coutumes de la guerre. Section I. Of Belligerents. Chapter I. The Status of Belligerent. Article 1. THE laws, rights, and duties of war apply not only to the army, but also to militia and volunteer corps fulfilling all the following conditions : — 1. They must be commanded by a person responsible for his subordinates ; 2. They must have a fixed distinctive sign recognizable at a distance ; 3. They must carry arms openly ; and 4. They must conduct their operations in accordance with the laws and customs of war. In countries where militia or volunteer corps constitute the army, or form part of it, they are included under the denomina- tion " army." Article 2. The inhabitants of a territory not under occupation, who, on the approach of the enemy, spontaneously take up arms to resist the invading troops without having had time to organize themselves in accord- ance with Article I, shall be regarded as belligerents if they carry arms openly and if they respect the laws and customs of war. Article 3. Article 3. Les forces armees des parties bellige- The armed forces of the belligerents rantes peuvent se composer de combattants may consist of combatants and non-com- 51 •et de non-combattants. En cas de capture par^ l'ennemi, les uns et les autres ont droit au traitement des prisonniers de guerre. Chapitre II. Des Prisonniers de Guerre. Article 4. Les prisonniers de guerre sont au pou- voir du Gouvernement ennemi, mais non des individus ou des corps qui les ont captures. lis doivent 6tre traites avec humanite. Teut ce qui leur appartient personnelle- ment, excepte les armes, les chevaux, et les papiers militaires, reste leur propriete. Article 5. Les prisonniers de guerre peuvent etre assujettis a l'internement dans une ville, forteresse, camp, ou localite quelconque, avec obligation de ne pas s'en eloigner au dela de certaines limites determinees ; mais ils ne peuvent etre enfermes que par mesure de surete indispensable, et seulement pendant la duree des circon- stances qui necessitent cette mesure. Article 6. L'Etat peut employer, comme travail- leurs, les prisonniers de guerre, selon leur grade et leurs aptitudes, a l'exception des officiers. Ces travaux ne seront pas ex- cessifs et n'auront aucun rapport avec les operations de la guerre. Les prisonniers peuvent etre autorises a travailler pour le compte d'administrations publiques ou de particuliers, ou pour leur propre compte. ' t Les travaux faits pour l'Etat sont payes d'apres les tarifs en vigueur pour les militaires de l'armee nationale executant les m&nes travaux, ou, s'il n'en existe pas, d'apres uu tarif en rapport avec les travaux •executes. Lorsque les travaux ont lieu pour le compte d'autres administrations publiques ou pour des particuliers, les conditions en sont regimes d'accord avec l'autorit6 mili- taire. Le salaire des prisonniers contribuera a adoucir leur position, et le surplus leur sera compte au moment de leur liberation, sauf defalcation [des frais d'entretien. Article 7. Le Gouvernement au pouvoir duquel se trouvent les prisonniers de guerre est charge de leur entretien. A defaut d'une entente speciale entre les belligerants, les prisonniers de guerre batants. In tbe case of capture by tbe enemy, both have the right to be treated as prisoners of war. Chapter II. Prisoners of War. Article 4. Prisoners of war are in the power of the hostile Government, but not of the individuals or corps who capture them. They must be humanely treated. All their personal belongings, except arms, horses, and military papers, remain their property. t Article 5. Prisoners of war may be interned in a town, fortress, camp, or other place, and are bound not to go beyond certain fixed limits ; but they cannot be placed in confinement except as an indispensable measure of safety and only while the cir- cumstances which necessitate the measure continue to exist. Article 6. The State may employ the labour of prisoners of war. other than officers, ac- cording to their rank and capacity. The work shall not be excessive and shall have no connection with the operations of the war. Prisoners may be authorized to work for the public service, for private persons, or on their own account. Work done for the State is paid for at rates proportional to the work of a similar kind executed by soldiers of the national army, or if there are no such rates in force, at rates proportional to the work executed. When the work is for other branches of the public service or for private persons the conditions are settled in agreement with the military authorities. The wages of the prisoners shall go towards improving their position, and the balance shall be paid them on their release, deductions on account of the cost of maintenance excepted. Article 7. The Government into whose hands prisoners of war have fallen is charged with their maintenance. In default of special agreement be- tween the belligerents, prisoners of war 52 seront traites pour la nourriture, le cou- chage, et l'habillemerit sur le meme pied que les troupes du Gouvernement qui les aura captures. Article S. Les prisonniers de guerre seront soumis aux lois, Reglements, ordres en vigueur dans l'armee de l'Etat au pouvoir duquel ils se trouvent. Tout acte d'insubordina- tion autorise, a leur egard, les mesures de rigueur necessaires. Les prisonniers evades, qui seraient re- pris avant d'avoir pu rejoindre leur armee ou avant de quitter le territoire occupe par l'armee qui les aura captures, sont pas- sibles de peines disciplinaires. Les prisonniers qui, apres avoir reussi a s'evader, sont de nouveau faits prisonniers, ne sont passibles d'aucune peine pour la fuite anterieure. Article 9. Cbaque prisonnier de guerre est tenu de declarer, s'il est interroge a ce sujet, ses veritables noms et grade et, dans le cas ou il enfreindrait cette regie, il s'exposerait a une restriction des avantages accordes aux prisonniers de guerre de sa categorie. Article 10. Les prisonniers de guerre peuvent etre mis en liberte sur parole, si les lois de leur pays les y autorisent, et, en pareil cas, ils sont obliges, sous la garantie de leur honneur personnel, de remplir scrupu- leusement, tant vis-a-vis de leur propre Gouvernement que vis-a-vis de celui qui les a taits prisonniers, les engagements qu'ils auraient contractus. Dans le meme cas, leur propre Grouverne- ment est tenu de n'exiger ni accepter d'eux aucun service contraire a la parole donnee. Article 11. Un prisonnier de guerre ne peut etre contraint d'accepter sa liberte sur parole ; de meme le Gouvernement ennemi n'est pas oblige d'acceder a la demande du prisonnier reclamant sa mise en liberte sur parole. Article 12. Tout prisonnier de guerre libere sur parole et repris portant les armes contre le Gouvernement envers lequel il s'etait engage d'honueur, on contre les allies de celui-ci, perd le droit au traitment des prisonniers de guerre, et peut etre traduit devant les Tribunaux. shall be treated as regards rations, quarters, and clothing on the same footing as the troops of the Government ' which captured them. Article 8. Prisoners of war shall be subject to the laws, regulations, and orders in force in the army of the State in the power of which they are. Any act of insubordination justifies the adoption towards them of such measures of severity as may be considered necessary. Escaped prisoners who are retaken before being able to rejoin their own army or before leaving the territory occupied by the army which captured them are liable to disciplinary punishment. Prisoners who, after succeeding in escaping, are again taken prisoners, are not liable to any punishment on account of their previous escape. Article 9. Every prisoner of war is bound to give r if questioned on the subject, his true name and rank, and if he infringes this rule, he is„ liable to have the advantages given to prisoners of his class curtailed. Article 10. Prisoners of war may be set at liberty on parole if the laws of their country allow it, and, in such cases, they are bound, on their personal honour, scrupulously to fulfil, both towards their own Government and the Government by which they were made prisoners, the engagements they may have contracted. In such cases their own Government is bound neither to require of nor accept from them any service incompatible with the parole given. Article 11. A prisoner of war cannot be compelled to accept his liberty on parole ; similarly the hostile Government is not obliged to accede to the request of a prisoner to be set at liberty on parole. Article 12. Prisoners of war liberated on parole- and recaptured bearing arms against the Government to which they had pledged their honour, or against the allies of that Government, forfeit their right to be treated as prisoners of war, and may be put on trial before the Courts. 00 Article 13. Article 13. Les individus qui suivent une armee sans Individuals following an army without en faire directement partie, tels que les directly belonging to it, such as newspaper correspondants et les reporters dejournaux, correspondents or reporters, sutlers or con- ies vivandiers, les fournisseurs, qui tombent tractors, who fall into the enemy's hands au pouvoir de l'ennemi et que celui-ci juge and whom the latter thinks it expedient to utile de detenir, ont droit au traitement des detain, are entitled to be treated as prisoners prisonniers de guerre, a condition qu'ils of war, provided they are in possession soient munis d'une legitimation de l'autorite of a certificate from the military authori- militaire de l'arm^e qu'ils accompagnaient. ties of the army which they were accompanying. Article 14. Article 14. II est constitue^ des le debut des hostilites ^ bureau for information relative to dans chacun des Etats belligerants, et, le cas prisoners of war is instituted at the com- echeant, dans les pays neutres qui auront mencement of hostilities in each of the recueilli des belligerants sur leur territoire, belligerent States, and, when necessary, in un bureau de renseignements sur le prison- neutral countries which have received bel- niers de guerre. Ce bureau, charge de Hgerents on their territory. The business repondre a toutes le demandes qui les of this bureau is to reply to all inquiries concernent, reqoit des divers services com- about the prisoners, to receive from the petents toutes les indications relatives aux various services concerned full informa- internements et aux mutations, aux mises tion respecting internments and transfers, en liberte sur parole, aux echanges. aux releases on parole, exchanges, escapes, evasions, aux entrees dans les hdpitaux, admissions into hospital, deaths, as well as aux deces, ainsi que les autres renseigne- all other information necessary to enable it ments necessaires pour etablir et tenir a to make out and keep up to date an jour une fiche individuelle pour chaque individual return for each prisoner of war. prisonnier de guerre. Le bureau devra The bureau must state in this return the porter sur cette fiche le numero matricule, regimental number, name and surname, les nom et prenom, l'&ge, le lieu d'origine, age, place of origin, rank, unit, wounds, le grade, le corps de troupe, les blessures, date and place of capture, internment, la date, et le lieu de la capture, de Tin- wounding, and death, as well as any ob- ternement, des blessures, et de la mort, ainsi servations of a special character. The ^que toutes les observations particulieres. individual return shall be sent to the La fiche individuelle sera remise au Gou- Government of the other belligerent after vernement de l'autre belligerant apres la the conclusion of peace, conclusion de la paix. Le bureau de renseignements est egale- It is also the business of the information ment charge de recueillir et de centraliser bureau 'to gather and keep together all per- tous les objets d'un usage personnel, sonal effects, valuables, letters, &c, found valeurs, lettres, &., qui seront trouv^s sur on the field of battle or left by prisoners les champs de bataille ou delaisses par des who have been released on parole, or prisonniers liberes sur parole, echanges, exchanged, or who have escaped, or died evades, ou d6c£des dans les hdpitaux et in hospitals or ambulances, and to forward ambulances, et de les transmettre aux them to those concerned, interesses- Article 15. Article 15. Les societes de secours pour les prison- Societies for the relief of prisoners of niers de guerre, regulierement constitutes war, if properly constituted in accordance selon la loi de leur pays, et ayant pour with the laws of their country and with objet d'etre les intermediaires de Taction the object of serving as the channel for charitable, recevront, de la part des bel- charitable effort, shall receive from the ligerants, pour elles et pour leurs agents belligerents, for themselves and their duly dument accredited, toute facilite dans les accredited agents, every facility for the limites tracees par les necessites militaires efficient performance of their humane task et les regies administratives, pour accomplir within the bounds imposed by military efficacement leur tache d'humanite. Les exigencies and administrative regulations, delegues de ces societes pourront etre admis Representatives of these societies, when a distribuer des secours dans les depots furnished with a personal permit by the d'internement, ainsi qu'aux lieux d'etape military authorities, may, on giving an un- des prisonniers rapatries, moyennant une dertaking in writing to comply with all permission personnelle delivree par l'auto- measures of order and police which they 54 rite militaire, et en prenant l'engagement par ecrit de se soumettre a toutes les mesures d'ordre et de police que celle-ci prescrirait. Article 16. Les bureaux de renseignements jouissent de la franchise de port. Les lettres, man- dats, et articles d'argent ainsi que les colis postaux destines aux prisonniers de guerre ou expedies par eux, seront affranchis de toutes les taxes postales, aussi bien dans les pays d'origine et de destination que dans les pays intermediates. Les dons et secours en nature destines aux prisonniers de guerre seront admis en franchise de tous droits d'entree et autres, ainsi que des taxes de transport sur les chemins de fer exploites par l'Etat. Article 17. Les officiers prisonniers recevront la Officers taken prisoners shall receive the- solde a laquelle ont droit les officiers de same rate of pay as officers of correspond- m6me grade du pays ou ils sont retenus, a ing rank in the country where they are charge de remboursement par leur Gou- detained ; the amount shall be refunded vernement. by their own Government. may have to issue, be admitted to the places of internment for the purpose _ of distributing relief, as also to the halting places of repatriated prisoners. Article 16. Information bureaux enjoy the privilege of free carriage. Letters, money orders, and valuables, as well as postal parcels, in- tended for prisoners of war, or - dispatched by them, shall be exempt from all postal charges in the countries of origin and destination, as well as in the countries they pass through. Presents and relief in kind for prisoners of war shall be admitted free of all import and other duties, as well as any payment for carriage by State railways. Article 17. Article 18. Toute latitude est laissee aux prisonniers de guerre pour l'exercice de leur religion, y compris l'assistance aux offices de leur culte, a la seule condition de se conformer aux mesures d'ordre et de police prescrites par l'autorite militaire. Article 18. Prisoners of war shall enjoy complete liberty in the exercise of their religion, including attendance at the services of their own Church, on the sole condition that they comply with the police regula- tions issued by the military authorities. Article 19. Les testaments des prisonniers de guerre sont requs ou dresses dans les memes con- ditions que pour les militaires de l'armee nationale. On suivra egalement les memes regies en ce qui concerne les pieces relatives a la constatation des deces, ainsi qui pour l'in- humation des prisonniers de guerre, en tenant compte de leur grade et de leur rang. Article 19. The wills of prisoners of war are re- ceived or drawn up in the same for soldiers of the national army. way as The same rules shall be followed as regards documents concerning the certification of the death and also as to the burials of prisoners of war, due regard being paid to their grade and rank. Article 20. Apres la. conclusion de la paix, le ra- patriement des prisonniers de guerre s'effectuera dans le plus bref delai pos- sible. Article 20. After the conclusion of peace, the patriation of prisoners of war shall carried out as quickly as possible. re- be Chapitre III. Des Malades et des Blesses. Article 21. Les obligations des belligerants con- cernant le service des malades et des blesses son regies par la Convention de Geneve. Chapter III. The Sick and "Wounded. Article 21. The obligations of belligerents with re- gard to the sick and wounded are governed by the Geneva Convention. 55 Section II. Des Hostilites. Chapitre I. Des Moyens de Nuire a l'Ennemi, des Sieges, et des Bombardements. Article 22. Les belligerants n'ont pas un droit il- limite quant au choix des moyens de nuire a l'ennemi. Article 23. Outre les prohibitions etablies par des Conventions speciales, il est notamment interdit — (a.) D'employer du poison ou des armes empoisonnees ; (b.) De tuer ou de blesser par trahison des individus appartenant a la nation ou a l'armee ennemies ; (c.) De tuer ou de blesser un ennemi qui, ayant mis bas les armes ou n'ayant plus les moyens de se defendre, s'est rendu a discretion ; (d.) De declarer qu'i] ne sera pas fait de quartier ; (e.) D'employer des armes, des pro- jectiles, ou des matieres propres a causer des maux superflus ; (/".) D'user indument du pavilion parle- mentaire, du pavilion national, ou des insignes militaires et de l'uni- forme de l'ennemi, ainsi que des signes distinctifs de la Convention de Geneve ; (g.) De detruire ou de saisir des pro- prietes ennemies, sauf les cas ou ces destructions ou ces saisies .seraient imperieusement commandees par les necessites de la guerre ; (Ji.) De declarer eteints, suspendus, ou non recevables en justice, les droits et actions des nationaux de la partie adverse. II est egalement interdit a un belligerant de forcer les nationaux de la partie adverse a prendre part aux operations de guerre dirigees contre leur pays, meme dans le cas oil ils auraient ete a son service ava'nt le commencement de la guerre. Article 24. Les ruses de guerre et l'emploi des moyens necessaires pour se procurer des renseignements sur l'ennemi et sur le ter- rain sont consid^res comme licites. Article 25. II est interdit d'attaquer ou de bombarder, 2814 Section II. Of Hostilities. Chapter I. Means of Injuring the Enemy, Sieges, and Bombardments. Article 22. Belligerents have not got an unlimited right as to the choice of means of injuring the enemy. Article 23. In addition to the prohibitions provided by special Conventions, it is particularly forbidden — (a.) To employ poison or poisoned weapons ; (b.) To kill or wound by treachery indi- viduals belonging to the hostile nation or army ; (c.) To kill or wound an enemy who, having laid down his arms, or no longer having means of defence, has surrendered at discretion ; (d.) To declare that no quarter will be given ; (> intention in writing to the- Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be de- J posited in the archives of the said Govern- ; ment. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers a duly' certified copy of the notification, as well' as of the act of accession, mentioning the' date on which it received the notification. Article 10. The present Convention shall take effect, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifications,; sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case' of the Powers which shall ratify sub- sequently or which shall accede, sixty days : after the notification of their ratification" or of their accession has been received by the Netherland Government. Article 11. " The present Convention shall remain in force for seven years, dating from the sixtieth day after the date of the first, deposit of ratifications. Unless denounced, it shall continue in force after the expiry of this period. The denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government,' which shall immediately communicate a duly certified copy of the. notification to-all the Powers, informing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and 1 only on the expiry of six months after the notification has reached the Netherland Government. Articlk 12. The Contracting Powers agree to reopen the question of the employment of automatic contact mines six months 81 avant l'expiration du terme prdvu par before the expiry of the period con- l'alinea premier de 1' Article precedent, au templated in the first paragraph of the cas ou elle n'aurait pas ete reprise et preceding Article, in the event of the resolue a une date anterieure par la - question not having been already taken up- Troisieme Conference de la Paix. and settled by the Third Peace Conference. Si les Puissances Contractantes con- If the Contracting Powers conclude a cluent une nouvelle Convention relative a l'-emploi des mines, des son entree en vigueur, la presente Convention cessera d'etre applicable. fresh Convention relative to the employ- ment of mines, the present Convention shall cease to be applicable from the moment when it comes into force. Article 13. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indiquera la date du dep6t de ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 8, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ete reques les notifications d'adhesion (Article 9, alinea 2) ou de dehonciation (Article 11, alinea 3). Chaque Puissance Contractante est ad- mise a prendre connaissance de ce registre et a en demander des extraits certifies conformes. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaries ont reve^tu la presente Convention de leurs signatures. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose" dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, et dont des copies, certifiers con- formes, seront remises par la voie diplo- matique aux Puissances qui ont ete conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. Article 13. A register kept by the Netherland 1 Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 8, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the-: notifications of accession (Article 9, para- graph 2) or of denunciation (Article 11, paragraph 3) have been received. Each Contracting Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be sup- plied with duly certified extracts from it. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have appended their signatures to the present Convention. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent, through, the diplomatic channel, to the Powers- invited to the Second Peace Conference. 28H L2- 82 No. 9. Convention concernant le Bom- bardement par des Forces Navales en Temps de Guerre. SA Majeste l'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majesty l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Boheme, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Francaise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande -Bretagne et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Haiti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grand -Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro le President de la Republique de Nicaragua Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays- Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste' le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de 1' Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : Animus du desir de realiser le vceu exprime par la Premiere Conference de la (Translation.) Convention respecting Bombard- ments by Naval Forces in Time of War. HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Fxince of Bulgaria ; the President of the Republic of Chile ; His Majesty the Em- peror of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the Presi- dent of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the President of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Em- peror of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hellenes ; the President of the Repub- lic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxemburg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the .^rince of Monte- negro ; the President of one Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Nor- way ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Repub- lic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Venezuela : Animated by the desire to realize the wish expressed by the First Peace Con- 83 Paix, concernant le bombardement, par des forces navales, de ports, villes, et villages non defendus ; Considerant qu'il importe de soumettre les bombardements par des forces navales k des dispositions generales qui garan- tissent les droits des habitants et assurent la conservation des principaux edifices, en etendant a cette operation de guerre, dans la mesure du possible, les principes du Regleraent de 1899 sur les Lois et Coutumes de la Guerre sur Terre ; S'inspirant ainsi du d^sir de servir les interets de l'humanite et de diminuer les rigueurs et les desastres de la guerre ; Ont resolu de conclure une Convention a cet effet, et ont, en consequence, nomme pour leurs Plenipotentiaires, savoir : ference respecting the bombardment by naval forces of uudefeuded ports, towns, and villages ; Whereas it is expedient that bombard- ments by naval forces should be subject to rules of general application to safe- guard the rights of the inhabitants and to assure the preservation of the more important buildings, by applying as far as possible to this operation of war the prin- ciples of the Regulations of 1899 respecting the Laws and Customs of Land War ; and Actuated, accordingly, by the desire to serve the interests of humanity and to diminish the severity and disasters of war ; Have resolved to conclude a Convention to this effect, and have,' for this purpose, appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to sav : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des dispositions suivantes: — [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following pro- visions : — Chapitre I. Du Bombardement des Ports, Villes, Villages, Habitations, ou B&timents non defendus. Article 1. II est interdit de bombarder, par des forces navales, des ports, villes, villages, habitations, ou batiments qui ne sont pas ■defendus. Une localite ne peut pas etre bombardee a raison du seul fait que, devant son port, se trouvent mouillees des mines sousmarines .automatiques de contact. Article 2. Toutefois, ne sont pas compris dans ■cette interdiction les ouvrages militaires, etablissements militaires ou navals, depots d'armes ou de materiel de guerre, ateliers et installations propres a 6tre utilises pour les besoins de la flotte ou de l'armee ennemies, et les navires de guerre se trouvant dans le port. Le commandant d'une force navale pourra, apres sommation avec delai raisonnable, les detruire par le canon, si tout autre moyen est impossible et lorsque les autorites locales n'auront pas proc^de a cette destruction dans le delai fixe. II n'encourt aucune responsabilite dans ce cas pour les dommages involontaires qui pourraient etre occasionnes par le bombardement. Si des necessites militaires, exigeant une Chapter I. Bombardment of Undefended Ports, Towns, Villages, Dwellings, or Buildings. Article 1. The bombardment by naval forces of undefended ports, towns, villages, dwell- ings, or buildings is forbidden. A place may not be bombarded solely on the ground that automatic submarine* contact mines are anchored off the harbour. Art [cle 2. Military works, military or naval estab- lishments, depots of arms or war material, workshops or plant which could be utilized for the needs of the hostile fleet or army, and ships of war in the harbour, are not, however, included in this prohibition. The commander of a naval force may destroy them with artillery, after a sum- mons followed by a reasonable interval of time, if all other means are impossible, and when the local authorities nave not themselves destroyed them within the time fixed. The Commander incurs no responsi- bility for any unavoidable damage which may be caused by a bombardment under such circumstances. If for militarv reasons immediate action u action immediate, ne petmettaientr pas d'aecorder de delai,:il reste entendu; que rinterdiction de bombarder Ja ville non defendue subsiste comme ; dans le cas enonce dans l'alinea l er , et que le , com- mandant prendra toutes les dispositions voulues pour qu'il en resulte pour cette ville le moins d'inconvenients possible. Article 3. II peut, apres notification expresse, etre procede au bombardement des ports, villes, villages, habitations, ou batiments non defendus, si les autorites locales, mises en demeure par une sommation formelle, refusent d'obtemperer a des requisitions de vivres ou d'approvisionnements neces- saires au besoin present de la force navale qui se trouve devant la localite. Ces requisitions seront en rapport avec les ressources de la localite. Elles ne seront reclamees qu'avec l'autorisation du commandant de la dite force navale, et elles seront, autant que possible, payees au comptant ; sinon elles seront constatees par des requs. Article 4. Est interdit le bombardement, pour le non-paiement des contributions en argent, des ports, villes, villages, habitations, ou batiments non defendus. is necessary,. arid no dfelay can; be allpwed to- the, enemy, ; it K is nevertheless under* stood that the prohibition to bombard the: undefended r town holds good, as in ' the case given in the' first paragraph, and that the commarider shall takV all dud measures in order that the town' may suffer as little harm as possible. Article 3. After due notice has been given, the bombardment of undefended ports, towns, villages, dwellings, or buildings _ may . be commenced, if , the local authorities, on a formal summons being made to them, decline to comply with requisitions for provisions or supplies necessary for the immediate use of" the naval force before the place in question. Such requisitions shall be proportional to the resources of the place. They shall only be demanded in the name of the com- mander of the* said naval force, and they shall, as far as possible, be paid for in ready money ; if not, receipts shall be given. Article 4. The bombardment of undefended ports, towns, villages, dwellings, or buildings, on account of failure to pay money contribu- tions, is forbidden , Chapitre II. Dispositions Gene"rales. Article 5. Dans le bombardement par des forces navales, toutes les mesures necessaires doivent etre prises par le commandant pour epargner, autant que possible, les edifices consacres aux cultes, aux arts, aux sciences, et a la bienfaisance, les monuments his- toriques, les h6pitaux et les lieux de rassemblement de malades ou de blesses, a condition qu'ils ne soient pas employes en meme temps a un but militaire. Le devoir des habitants est de designer ces monuments, ces edifices, ou lieux de rassemblement, par des signes visibles, qui consisteront en grands panneaux rectangulaires rigides, partages, suivant une des diagoriales, en deux triangles de couleur, noire en haut et blanche en ,bas. Article 6. Sauf le cas oil les exigences militaires ne le permettraient pas, le commandant de la force navale assaillante doit, avant d'entre- 1 prendre le bombardement, faire tout ce qui depend de lui pour avertir les autorites. . Chapter II. General Provisions. Article 5. In bombardments by naval forces all necessary steps must be taken by the commander to spare as far as possible buildings dedicated to public worship, art, science, or charitable purposes, historic monuments, hospitals, and places where the sick or wounded are collected, pro- vided that they are not used at the time for military purposes. It is the duty of the inhabitants to indicate such monuments, edifices, or places by visible signs, which shall consist of large stiff rectangular panels divided diagonally into two painted triangular portions, the upper portion black, the lower portion white. Article 6. Unless' military exigencies render it impossible, the officer in command of an attacking naval force must, before com- mencing the bombardment,- do all in his power to warn the authorities. $5 Article '7. AiracEE 7. II est interdit de Uvrer au pillage une . .. The giving aver to pillage of a town or ville ou locality ro^me prise d'assaut. place* even when taken by assault, is for- bidden. Chapitre III. "Dispositions Finales. ' • Article 8: .-, Les dispositions de la J presente Con- vention ne sont applicables qu'entre les Puissances Contractantes ;et : seulemeht si les belligerants „ sont tous" parties a la Convention. Article 9/ - La ' presente Convention sera ratifiee aussit6t que possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. Le premier depot de ratifications sera constate par un proces-verbal signe par les ftepresentants des Puissances qui y prennent part et par le Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. : Les depdts ulterieurs de ratifications se feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite, adressee au Gouvernement des Pays -Bag et accompagnee de l'instrument de ratification. Copie-certifiee .conforme du proces-verbal a«elatif au premier dep6t de ratifications, des notifications mentiohnees a l'alinea precedent,' ainsi que des instruments de ratification, sera immediatement remise, par les- soins du G-ouvernement des Pays-- Bas et par la voie diplomatique, aux Puis- sances conyiees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puissances qui auront adher6 a la Convention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en meme ftemps la date a laquelle il a requ la notification, c Article 10. Les Puissances non-Signataires sont ad- mises a adherer a la presente Convention. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant l'acte d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra immedi- atement a toutes les autres Puissances copie certifiee conforme de la notification ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a regu la notification. Article 11. La presente Convention produira effet pour les Puissances qui auront participe au premier dep6t de ratifications, soixante jours Chapter III. Final Provisions. " Article 8". The provisions of the present Convention . do not apply except between Contracting Powers, and then only if all the belligerents are parties to the Convention. Article 9. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. The first deposit of ratifications shall be recorded in a Protocol signed by the Representatives of the Powers which take part therein and by the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs. The subsequent deposits of ratifications shall be made by means of a written notification addressed to the Netherland Government and accompanied by the instrument of ratification. A duly certified copy of the Protocol relating to the first deposit of ratifications', of the notifications mentioned in the pre- ceding paragraph, and of the instruments of ratification, shall be immediately sent by the Netherland Government, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference, as well as to the other Powers which have -acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall, in the cases -contem- plated in the preceding paragraph, inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Article 10. fton- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Convention. A Power which desires to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be deposited in the archives of the said Government. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers a duly certified copy of the notification, as well as of the act of accession, mentioning; the date on which it received the notification. Article 11. The present Convention shall take effect, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifica- 86 apres la date du proces-verbal de ce d£p6t et, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ulterieurement ou qui adhereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur rati- fication ou de leur adhesion aura 6te reque par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 12. S'il arrivait qu'une des Puissances Con- tractantes voulut denoncer la presente Convention, la denonciation sera notifiee par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera immediatement copie certifiee conforme de la notification a toutes les ratres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a reque. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notifiee et un an apres que la notification en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 13. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indiquera la date du dep6t de ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 9, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ete reques les notifications d'adhesion (Article 10, alinea2) ou de denonciation (Article 12, alin£a 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est admise a prendre connaissance de ce registre et a en demander des extraits certifies conformes. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaries ont revetu la presente Convention de leurs signatures. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, et dont des copies, certifiees conformes, seront remises par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances qui ont £te conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. tions, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subsequently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratifi- cation or of their accession has been received by the Netherland Government. Article 12. In the event of one of the Contracting Powers wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately com- municate a duly certified copy of the notification to all the other Powers inform- ing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notifi- cation has reached the Netherland Govern- ment. Article 13. A Register kept by the Netherland Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 9, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the notifications of accession (Article 10, para- graph 2) or of denunciation (Article 12, paragraph 1) have been received. Each Contracting Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be supplied with duly certified extracts from it. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have appended their signatures to the present Convention. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference. 87 No. 10. (Translation.) Convention pour 1' Adaptation a la Guerre Maritime des Prineipes de la Convention de Geneve. SA Majeste l'Empereur'd'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Boh&tne, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'lrlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala; le President de la Republique d'Haiti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale ie Grand- Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau ; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro ; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : 2814 Convention for the Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva Convention to Maritime War. HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria •the President of the Republic of Chile His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark the President of the Dominican Republic the President of the Republic of Ecuador His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the" British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of. Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : M 88 Egalement animes du desir de diminuer, autant qu'il depend d'eux, les maux in- separables de la guerre ; Et voulant, dans ce but, adapter a la guerre maritime les principes de la Con- vention de Geneve du 6 Juillet, 1906 ; Ont resolu de conclure une Conven- tion a, l'effet de reviser la Convention du 29 Juillet, 1899, relative a la m6me matiere et ont nomme pour leurs Ptenipotentiaires, savoir : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels," apres avoir depose leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des dispositions suivantes : — Article 1. Les Mtiments-hopitaux militaires, c'est- a-dire les Mtiments construits ou amenages par les Etats specialement et uniquement en vue de porter secours aux blesses, malades, et naufrages, et dont les noms auront ete communiques a l'ouverture ou au cours des hostilites, en tout cas avant toute mise en usage, aux Puissances belli- gerantes, sont respectes et ne peuvent etre captures pendant la duree des hostilites. Ces Mtiments ne sont pas non plus assimiles aux na vires de guerre au point de vue de leur sejour dans un port neutre. Article 2. Les Mtiments hospitaliers, equipes en totalite ou en partie aux frais des par- ticuliers ou des societes de secours officielle- ment reconnues, sont egalement respectes et exempts de capture, si la Puissance belligerante dont ils dependent leur a donne une commission officielle et en a notifie les noms a la Puissance adverse a l'ouverture ou au cours des hostilites, en tout cas avant toute mise en usage. Ces navires doivent. etre porteurs d'un document de l'autorite competente de- clarant qu'ils ont ete soumis a son contrdle pendant leur armement et a leur depart final. Article 3. Les Mtiments hospitaliers, equipes en totalite ou en partie aux frais des par- ticuliers ou des societes officiellement re- connues de pays neutres, sont respected et exempts de capture, a condition qu'ils se soient mis sous la direction de l'un des belligerants, avec l'assentiment pr^alable de leur propre Gouvernement et avec l'autorisation du belligerant lui-meme, et que ce dernier en ait notifie le nom a son adversaire des l'ouverture ou dans le cours des hostilites, en tout cas, avant tout emploi. Animated alike by the desire to diminish, as far as depends on them, the inevitable evils of war ; and AVishing with this object to adapt to maritime war the principles of the Geneva Convention of the 6th July, 1906 ; Have resolved to conclude a Convention for the purpose of revising the Convention of the 29th July, 1899, relative to this question, and have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following pro- visions : — Article J. Military hospital-ships, that is to say, ships constructed or adapted by States for the particular and sole purpose of aid- ing the sick, wounded, and shipwrecked, the names of which have been communi- cated to the belligerent Powers at the commencement or during the course of hostilities, and in any case before they are employed, shall be respected, and may not be captured while hostilities last. Such ships, moreover, are not on the same footing as war-ships as regards their stay in a neutral port. Article 2. Hospital-ships, equipped wholly or in part at the expense of private individuals or officially recognised relief societies, shall likewise be respected and exempt from capture, if the belligerent Power to which they belong has given them an official commission and has notified their names to the hostile Power at the com- mencement of or during hostilities, and in any case before they axe employed. Such ships shall be provided with a certificate from the proper authorities declaring that the vessels have been under their control while fitting out and on final departure. Article 3. Hospital-ships, equipped wholly or in part at the expense of private individuals or officially recognised societies of neutral countries, shall be respected and exempt from capture, on condition that they are placed under the orders of one of the belligerents, with the previous consent of their own Government and with the authorization of the belligerent himself, and on condition also that the latter has notified their name to his adversary at the commencement of or during hostilities, and in any case before they are employed. S9 Article 4. Les batiments qui sont mentionnes dans les Articles 1, 2, et 3 porteront secours et assistance aux blesses, malades, et naufrages des belligerants sans distinction de nationality . Les Gouvernements s'engagent a n'utiliser ces batiments pour aucun but militaire. Ces batiments ne devront gener en aucune maniere les mouvements des combattants. Pendant et apres le combat, ils agiront a leurs risques et perils. Les belligerants auront sur eux le droit de controle et de visite ; ils pourront refuser leur concours, leur enjoindre de s'eloigner, leur imposer une direction deter- mined et mettre a bord un commissaire, m&uies les detenir, si la gravite des circon- stances l'exigeait. Autant que possible, les belligerants inscriront sur le journal de bord des bati- ments hospitaliers les ordres qu'ils leur donneront. Article 4. The ships mentioned in Articles 1, 2, and 3 shall afford relief and assistance to the wounded, sick, and shipwrecked of the belligerents without distinction of nationality. The Governments undertake not to use these ships for any military purpose. Such vessels must in no wise hamper the movements of the combatants. During and after an engagement they will act at their own risk and peril. The belligerents shall have the right to control and search them ; they may refuse to help them, order them off, make them take a certain course, and put a Commis- sioner on board ; they may even detain them, if the situation is such as to require it. The belligerents shall, as far as possible, enter in the log of the hospital-ships the orders which they give them. Article 5. Les batiments-h6pitaux militaires seront distingues par une peinture exterieure blanche avec une bande horizontale verte d'un metre et demi de largeur environ. Les batiments qui sont mentionnes dans les Articles 2 et 3 seront distingues par une peintre exterieure blanche avec une bande horizontale rouge d'un metre et demi de largeur environ. Les embarcations des batiments qui viennent d'etre mentionnes, comme les petits batiments qui pourront etre affectes au service hospitalier, se distingueront par une peintre analogue. Tous les batiments hospitaliers se feront reconnaitre en hissant, avec leur pavilion national, le pavilion blanc a croix-rouge prevu par la Convention de Geneve, et, en outre, s'ils ressortissent a un Etat neutre, en arborant au grand mat le pavilion national du belligerant sous la direction duquel ils se sont places. Les batiments hospitaliers qui, dans les termes de 1' Article 4, sont detenus par l'ennemi, auront a .rentrer le pavilion national du belligerant dont ils relevent. Les batiments et embarcations ci-dessus mentionnes, qui veulent s'assurer la nuit le respect auquel ils ont droit, ont, avec l'assentiment du belligerant qu'ils accom- pagnent, a prendre les mesures n^cessaires pour que la peintre qui les caracterise soit suffisamment apparente. Article 5. Military hospital-ships shall be distin- guished by being painted white outside with a horizontal band of green about a metre and a-half in breadth. The ships mentioned in Articles 2 and 3 shall be distinguished by being painted white outside with a horizontal band of red about a metre and a-half in breadth. The boats of the said ships, as also small craft which may be used for hospital work, shall be distinguished by similar painting. All hospital-ships shall make themselves known by hoisting, with their national flag, the white flag with a red cross pro- vided by the Geneva Convention, and further, if they belong to a neutral State, by flying at the mainmast the national flag of the belligerent under whose orders they are placed. Hospital-ships which are detained under Article 4 by the enemy must haul down the national flag of the belligerent to whom they belong. The ships and boats above mentioned which wish to ensure by night the free- dom from interference to which they are entitled, must, subject to the assent of the belligerent they are accompanying, take the necessary measures to render their special painting sufficiently plain. Article 6. Article 6. Les signes distinctifs prevus a l'Article o The distinguishing signs referred to in ne pourront 6tre employes, soit en temps Article 5 shall only be used, whether in 2814 M 2 90 de paix, soit en temps de guerre, que pour peace or war, for protecting or indicating proteger on designer les batiments qui y the ships therein mentioned, sont mentionnes. Article 7. Article 7. Dans le cas d'un combat a bord d'un In the case of a fight on board a war- vaisseau de guerre, les infirmeries seront ship, the sick-bays shall be respected respectees et menagees autant que faire se and spared as far as possible, pourra. Ces infirmeries et leur materiel de- The said sick-bays and the materiel meurent soumis aux lois de la guerre, belonging to them remain subject to the mais ne pourront etre detournes de leur laws of war ; they cannot, however, be emploi, tant qu'ils seront necessaires aux used for any purpose other than that for blesses et malades. which they were originally intended, so long as they are required for the sick and wounded. Toutefois le commandant, qui les a en The commander into whose power they son pouvoir, a la faculte d'en disposer, en have fallen may, however, if the military cas de necessite militaire importante, en situation requires it, apply them to other assurant au prealable le sort des blesses et purposes, after seeing that the sick and malades qui s'y trouvent. wounded on board are properly provided for. Article 8. Article 8. La protection due aux batiments hos- Hospital-ships and sick-bays of vessels pitaliers et aux infirmeries des vaisseaux are no longer entitled to protection if they cesse si l'on en use pour commettre des are employed for the purpose of injuring actes nuisibles a l'ennemi. the enemy. N'est pas considere comme etant de The fact of the staff of the said ships nature a justifier le retrait de la protection and sick-bays being armed for main- le fait que le personnel de ces batiments et taining order and for defending the sick infirmeries est arme pour le maintien de and wounded, and the presence of wireless l'ordre et pour la defense des blesses ou telegraphy apparatus on board, are not malades, ainsi que le fait de la presence a sufficient reasons for withdrawing protec- bord d'une installation radio-telegraphique. tion. Article 9. Article 9. Les belligerants pourront faire appel au Belligerents may appeal to the charity zele charitable des commandants de bati- of the commanders of neutral merchant- ments de commerce, yachts, ou embarca- ships, yachts, or boats to take the sick and tions neutres, pour prendre a bord et wounded on board and tend them', soigner des blesses ou des malades. Les batiments qui auront repondu a cet Vessels responding to this appeal, and also appel ainsi que ceux qui spontanement vessels which may have of their own accord auront recuelli des blesses, des malades, rescued sick, wounded, or shipwrecked ou des naufrages, jouiront d'une protection men, shall enjoy special protection and speciale et de certaines immunites. En certain immunities. In no case may they aucun cas ils ne pourront etre captures be captured for the sole reason of having pour le fait d'un tel transport ; mais, sauf such persons on board ; but, subject to les promesses qui leur auraient ete faites, any undertaking that may have been given ils restent exposes a la capture pour les to them, they remain liable to capture for violations de neutralite qu'ils pourraient any violations of neutrality they may have avoir commises. committed. Article 10. Article 10. Le personnel religieux, medical, et hos- The religious, medical, and hospital staff pitalier de tout batiment capture est of any captured ship is inviolable, and its inviolable et ne peut etre fait prisonnier members may not be made prisoners of war. de guerre. II emporte, en quittant le On leaving the ship they are entitled to navire, les objets et les instruments de remove their own private belongings and chirurgie qui sont sa propriete particuliere. surgical instruments. Ce personnel continuera a remplir ses They shall continue to discharge their fonctions tant que cela sera necessaire et duties so far as necessary, and can after- 91 il pourra ensuite se retirer, lorsque le commandant en chef le jugera possible. Les belligerants doivent assurer a ce personnel tombe entre leurs mains les memes allocations et la meme solde qu'au wards leave, when the Commander-in- chief considers it permissible. Belligerents must guarantee to the said staff, while in their hands, the same allow- ances and pay as are given to the staff of personnel des memes grades de leur propre corresponding rank in their own navy. marine. Article 11. Les marins et les militaires embarques, et les autres personnes officiellement, attachees aux marines ou aux armees, blesses ou malades, a quelque nation qu'ils appartiennent, seront respectes et soignes par les capteurs. Article 11. Sick or wounded sailors, soldiers on board, or other persons officially attached to fleets or armies, whatever their na- tionality, shall be respected and tended by the captors. Article 12. Tout vaisseau de guerre d'une partie belligerante peut reclamer la remise des blesses malades, ou naufrages, qui sont a bord de Mtiments-h6pitaux militaires, de Mtiments hospitaliers de societe" de secours ou de particuliers, de navires de commerce, yachts, et embarcations, quelle que soit la nationalite des ces batiments. Article 12. Any war- ship belonging to a belligerent may demand the surrender of sick, wounded, or shipwrecked men on board military hospital-ships, hospital-ships belonging to relief societies or to private individuals, merchant-ships, yachts, or boats, whatever the nationality of such vessels. Article 13. Article 13. Si des blesses, malades, ou naufrages If sick, wounded, or shipwrecked persons sont recueillis a bord d'un vaisseau de ar e taken on board a neutral war- ship, guerre neutre, il devra etre pourvu, dans precaution must be taken, so far as possible, la mesure du possible, a ce qu'ils ne that they do not again take part in the puissent pas de nouveau prendre part aux operations of the war. operations de la guerre. Article 14. Sont prisonniers de guerre les naufrages, blesses, ou malades d'un belligerant qui tombent au pouvoir de l'autre. II appar- tient a celui-ci de decider, suivant les circonstances, s'il convient de les garder, de les diriger sur un port de sa nation, sur un potre neutre, ou m&me sur un port de l'adversaire. Dans ce dernier cas, les prisonniers ainsi rendus a leur pays ne pourront servir pendant la duree de la guerre. Article 15. Les naufrages, blesses, ou malades qui sont debarques dans un port neutre, du consentement de l'autorite locale, devront, a moins d'un arrangement contraire de l'Etat neutre avec r les Etats belligerants, etre gardes par l'Etat neutre de maniere qu'ils ne puissent pas de nouveau prendre part aux operations de la guerre. Les frais d'hospitalisation et d'interne- ment seront supported par l'Etat dont relevent les naufrages, blesses, ou malades. Article 14. The sick, wounded, or shipwrecked of one of the belligerents who fall into the power of the other belligerent are prisoners of War. The captor must decide, according to circumstances, whether to keep them, send them to a port of his own country, to a neutral port, or even to an enemy port. In this last case, prisoners thus repatriated may not serve again while the war lasts. Article 15. The sick, wounded, or shipwrecked, who are landed at a neutral port with the consent of the local authorities, must, in default of arrangement to the contrary between the neutral State and the bel- ligerent States, be guarded by the neutral States so as to prevent them from again taking part in the operations of the war. The expenses of tending them in hospital and interning them shall be borne by the State to which the shipwrecked, sick, or wounded persons belong. 92 Article 16. Apres chaque, combat, les deux parties belligerantes, en tant que les intents militaires le comportent, prendront des mesures , pour rechercher les naufrag^s, les blesses, et les malades et pour les faire proteger, ainsi que les morts, contre le pillage et les mauvais traitements. Elles veilleront a ce que l'inhumation, l'immersion, ou l'incineration des morts soit precede d'un examen attentif de leurs cadavres. Article 17. Chaque belligerant enverra, des qu'il sera possible, aux autorites de leur pays, de leur marine, ou de leur armee les marques ou pieces militaires d'identite trouvees sur les morts et l'etat nominatif des blesses ou malades recueillis par lui. Les belligerants se tiendront reciproque- ment au courant des internements et des mutations, ainsi que des entrees dans les hopitaux et des deces survenus parmi les blesses et malades en leur pouvoir. lis recueilleront tous les objets d'un usage personnel, valeurs, lettres, &c, qui seront trouves dans les vaisseaux captures, ou delaiss^s par les blesses ou malades decedes dans les hopitaux, pour les faire trans- mettre aux interesses par les autorites de leur pays. Article 18. Les dispositions de la presente Con- vention ne sont applicables qu'entre les Puissances Contractantes et seulement si les belligerants sont tous parties a la Convention. Article 19. Les commandants en chef des flottes des belligerants auront a pourvoir aux details d'execution des Articles precedents, ainsi qu'aux cas non prevus, d'apres les instructions de leurs Gouvernements re- spectifs et conformement aux principes generaux de la presente Convention. Article 20. Les Puissances Signataires prendront les mesures necessaires pour instruire leurs marines, et specialement le personnel pro- tege, des dispositions de la presente Convention et pour les porter a la con- naissance des populations. Article 21. Les Puissances Signataires s'engagent egalement a prendre ou a proposer k leurs Article 16. After every engagement, the two belliger- ents shall, so far as military interests per- mit, take steps to look for the sick, wounded, and shipwrecked, and to protect them, as well as the dead, against pillage and im- proper treatment. They shall see that the burial, whether by land or sea, or cremation of the dead shall be preceded by a careful examination of the corpse. Article 17. Each belligerent shall send, as early as possible, the military marks or documents of identity found on the dead and a list of the names of the sick and wounded picked up by him to the authorities ' of their country, navy, or army. The belligerents shall keep each other informed as to internments and transfers as well as to the admissions into hospital and deaths which have occured among the sick and wounded in their hands. They shall collect all the objects of personal use, valuables, letters, &c, which may be found in the captured ships, or which may have been left by the sick or wounded who died in hospital, in order to have them forwarded to the persons concerned by the authorities of their own country. Article 18. The provisions of the present Convention do not apply except between Contracting Powers, and then only if all the' belligerents are parties to the Convention. Article 19. The Commander in Chief of the bel- ligerent fleets shall give detailed direc- tions for carrying out the preceding Articles and for meeting cases not therein provided for, in accordance with the instruc- tions of their respective Governments and in conformity with the general principles of the present Convention. Article 20. The Signatory Powers shall take the necessary steps in order to bring the pro- visions of the present Convention to the knowledge of their naval forces, and especially of the members entitled there- under to immunity, and to make them known to the public. Article 21. The Signatory Powers likewise undertake to' enact or to propose to their Legislatures, 93 Legislatures, en cas d'insuffisance de leurs if their criminal laws are inadequate, the lois penales, les mesures necessaires pour measures necessary for checking in time of reprimer en temps de guerre les actes war individual acts of pillage and ill-treat- individuels de pillage et de mauvais traite- rnent in respect to the sick and wounded ments envers des blesses et malades des in the fleet, as well as for punishing, as an marines, ainsi que pour punir, comme unjustifiable adoption of naval or military usurpation d'insignes militaires, 1'usage marks, the unauthorized use of the dis- abusif des signes distinctifs designes a tinctive marks mentioned in Article 5 by 1' Article 5 par des batiments non proteges vessels not protected by the present Con- par la presente Convention. vention. lis se communiqueront, par l'interme- They shall communicate to each other, diaire du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, les through the Netherland Government, the dispositions relatives a cette repression, au enactments for preventing such acts at the plus tard dans le cinq ans de la ratifica- latest within five years of the ratification of tion de la presente Convention. the present Convention. Article 22. Article 22. En cas d'operations de guerre entre les In the case of operations of war between forces de terre et de mer des belligerants, the land and sea forces of belligerents, the les dispositions de la presente Convention provisions of the present Convention are ne seront applicables qu'aux forces em- only applicable to the forces on board barqu^es. ship. Article 23. Article 23. La presente Convention sera ratifiee The present Convention shall be ratified aussitot que possible. as soon as possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La The ratifications shall be deposited at Haye. The Hague. Le premier depot de ratifications sera • The first deposit of ratifications shall be constate par un proces-verbal signe par recorded in a Protocol signed by the les Representants des Puissances qui y Representatives of the Powers which take prennent t part et par le Ministre des part therein and by the Netherland Minister Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. for Foreign Affairs. Les dep6ts ulterieurs de ratifications se The subsequent deposits of ratifications feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite, shall be made by means of a written notifi- adressee au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas cation, addressed to the Netherland Govern- et accompagnee de l'instrument de ratifi- ment and accompanied by the instrument cation. of ratification. Copie certifiee conforme du proces-verbal A duly certified copy of the Protocol re- relatif au premier dep6t de ratifications, des lating to the first deposit of ratifications, notifications mentionnees a l'alinea prec^- of the notifications mentioned in the pre- dent, ainsi que des instruments de ratifica- ceding paragraph, and of the instruments tion, sera immediatement remise par les of ratification, shall be immediately sent soins du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et by the Netherland Government through the par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances diplomatic channel to the Powers invited conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la to the Second Peace Conference, as well as Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puissances qui to the other Powers which have acceded to auront adhere a la Convention. Dans les the Convention. The said Government cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit shall, in the cases contemplated in the Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en m6me preceding paragraph, inform them at the temps la date a laquelle il a requ la noti- same time of the date on which it received fication. the notification. Article 24. Article 24. Les Puissances non - Signataires qui Non- Signatory Powers which have ac- auront accepte la Convention de Geneve cepted the Geneva Convention of the 6th du 6 Juillet, 1906, sont admises a adherer July, 1906, may accede to the present a la presente Convention. Convention. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie A Power which desires to accede notifies par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement its intention in writing to the Netherland des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant l'acte Government, forwarding to it the act of d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les accession, which shall be deposited in the archives du dit Gouvernement. archives of the said Government. 94 Ce Gouvernement transmettra imme- diatement a toutes les autres Puissances copie certifiee conforme de la notification ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a recu la notification. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers a duly certified copy of the notification, as well as of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. Article 25. La presente Convention, dument ratified, remplacera dans les rapports entre les Puissances Contractantes la Convention du 29 Juillet, 1899, pour l'adaptation a la guerre maritime des principes de la Con- vention de Geneve. La Convention de 1899 reste en vigueur dans les rapports entre les Puissances qui l'ont signee et qui ne ratifieraient pas egalement la presente Convention. Article 26. La presente Convention produira effet pour les Puissances qui auront participe au premier depot de ratifications soixante jours apres la date du proces -verbal de ce depdt, et, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ul- terieurement ou qui adhereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur rati- fication ou de leur adhesion aura ete reque par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 25 r The present Convention, duly ratified, shall replace as between Contracting Powers, the Convention of the 29th July, 1899, for the adaptation to naval warfare of the principles of the Geneva Conven- tion. The Convention of 1899 remains in force as between the Powers which signed it but which do not also ratify the present Con- vention. Article 26. in The present Convention shall take effect, the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifications, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subsequently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratification or of their accession has been received by the Nether- land Government. Article 27. S'il arrivait qu'une des Puissances Con- tractantes voulut denoncer la presente Con- vention, la denonciation sera notifiee par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera immediatement copie cer- tifiee conforme de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a reque. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notifiee et un an apres que la notification en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 28. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indiquera la date du de'pot des ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 23, alin^as 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ^te reques les notifications d'adhesion (Article 24, alinea 2) ou de denonciation (Article 27, alin^a 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est ad- mise a prendre connaissance de ce registre et a en demander des extraits certifies conformes. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont rev^tu la presente Convention de leurs signatures. Article 27. In the event of one of the Contracting Powers wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Go- vernment, which shall immediately com- municate a duly certified copy of the notification to all the other Powers, in- forming them o£ the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notifica- tion has reached the Netherland Govern- ment. Article 28. A register kept by the Netherland Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 23, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the notifications of accession (Article 24, para- graph 2) or of denunciation (Article 27, paragraph 1) have been received. Each Contracting Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be sup- plied with duly certified extracts from it. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have appended their signatures to the present Convention. 95 Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en Done at The Hague, the 18th October,, an seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans 1907, in a single original, which shall les archives du G-ouvernement des Pays- remain deposited in the archives of the Bas, et dont des copies, certifiers conformes, Netherland Government, and of which seront remises par la voie diplomatique aux duly certified copies shall be sent, through Puissances qui ont ete conviees a la the diplomatic channel, to the Powers- Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. invited to the Second Peace Conference. 2814 N 96 No. 11. (Translation.) Convention relative a certaines Convention relative to certain Restrictions a l'Exercice du Restrictions on the Exercise Droit de Capture dans la of the Right of Capture in Guerre Maritime. Maritime War. SA Majeste l'Empereur d'Allemagne, Eoi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de Boheme, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de. Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franqaise ; Sa Majeste" le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande -Bretagne et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste" le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Haiti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grand-Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau ; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro ; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur <3e Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria the President of the Republic of Chile His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the President of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : 97 Reconnaissant la n^cessite de mieux Recognising the necessity of ensuring assurer que par le passe l'application more effectively than hitherto the equitable equitable du droit aux relations maritime s application of law to the international internationales en temps de guerre ; relations of maritime Power in time of war ; Estimant que, pour y parvenir, il con- Considering that, for this purpose, it is vient, en abandonnant ou en conciliant, le expedient, in giving up or, if necessary, in cas (foheant, dans un int&e't commun harmonising for the common interest cer- certaines pratiques divergentes anciennes, tain conflicting practices of long standing, d'entreprendre de codifier dans des regies to undertake to codify in regulations of communes les garanties dues au commerce general application the guarantees due to pacifique et au travail inoffensif, ainsi que peaceful commerce and legitimate business, la conduite des hostilites sur mer ; qu'il as well as the conduct of hostilities by sea ; importe de fixer dans des engagements that it is expedient to lay down in written mutuels ecrits les principes demeures mutual engagements the principles which jusqu'ici dans le domaine incertain de la have hitherto remained in the uncertain controverse ou laisses a l'arbitraire des domain of controversy or have been left G-ouvernements ; to the discretion of Governments ; Que, des a present, un certain nombre That a certain nu*mber of rules may be de regies peuvent e~tre posees, sans qu'il made forthwith, without thereby affecting soit porte atteinte au droit actuellement the law now in force with regard to the en vigueur concernant les matieres qui n'y matters which these rules do not touch ; sont pas prevues ; Ont nomme* pour leurs Pl^nipotentiaires, Have appointed as their Plenipoten- savoir : tiaries, that is to say. [Names of Plenipotentiaries. ] [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins Who, after having deposited their full pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, powers, found to be in good and due form, sont convenus des dispositions suivantes : — have agreed upon the following pro- visions : — Chapitre I. Chapter I. De la Oorrespondance Postale. Postal Correspondence. Article 1. Article. 1. La correspondance postale des neutres The postal correspondence of neutrals ou des belligerants, quel que soit son or belligerents, whatever its official or caractere officiel ou prive, trouvee en mer private character, found on board a sur un navire neutre ou ennemi, est neutral or enemy ship on the high seas inviolable. S'il y a saisie du navire, elle is inviolable. If the ship is detained, est exp^diee avec le moins de retard pos- the correspondence is forwarded by the sible par le capteur. captor with the least possible delay. Les dispositions de l'alinea precedent ne The provisions of the preceding para- s'appliquent pas, en cas de violation de graph do not, in case of violation of hlocus, a la correspondance qui est a blockade,, apply to correspondence proceed- destination ou en provenance du port ing to or from a blockaded port, bloque. Article 2. Article 2. L'inviolabilite de la correspondance The inviolability of' postal correspond- postale ne soustrait pas les paquebots- ence does not exempt a neutral mail-ship poste neutres aux lois et coutumes de la from the laws and customs of naval war guerre sur mer concernant les navires de respecting neutral merchant - ships in commerce neutres en general. Toutefois, general. The ship, however, may not be la visite n'en doit e"tre effectuee qu'en cas searched except when absolutely necessary, de necessity avec tons les managements et and then only with as much consideration toute la celerite possibles. and expedition as possible. 2814 N 2 98 Chapitre II. De l'Exemption de Capture pour certains Bateaux. Article 3. Les bateaux exclusivement affected a la peche c6tiere ou a des services de petite navigation locale sont exempts de capture, ainsi que leurs engins, agres, apparaux, et chargement. Cette exemption cesse de leur etre appli- cable des qu'ils participent d'une facon quelconque aux hostilites. Les Puissances Contractantes s'inter- disent de profiter du caractere inoffensif des dits bateau pour les employer dans un but militaire en leur conservant leur apparence pacifique. Chapter II. Exemption from Capture of certain Vessels. Article 3. Vessels employed exclusively in coast fisheries, or small boats employed in local trade, together with their appliances, rigging, tackle, and cargo, are exempt from capture. This exemption no longer applies from the moment that they take any part what- ever in hostilities. The Contracting Powers bind themselves not to take advantage of the harmless character of the said vessels in order to use them for military purposes while pre- serving their peaceful appearance. Article 4. Article 4. Sont egalement exempts de capture les Vessels employed on religious, scientific, navires charges de missions religieuses, Q r philanthropic missions are likewise scientifiques, ou philanthropiques. exempt from capture. Chapitre III. Du Regime des Equipages des Navires de Commerce Ennemis captures par un Belligerant. Article 5. Lorsqu'un navire de commerce ennemi est capture par un belligerant, les hommes de son equipage, nationaux d'un Etat neutre, ne sont pas faits prisonniers de guerre. II en est de meme du capitaine et des officiers, egalement nationaux d'un Etat neutre, s'ils promettent formellement par ecrit de ne pas servir sur un navire ennemi pendant la duree de la guerre. Article 6. Le capitaine, les officiers, et les membres de l'e"quipage, nationaux de l'Etat ennemi, ne sont pas faits prisonniers de guerre, a condition qu'ils s'engagent, sous la foi d'une promesse formelle ecrite, a ne prendre, pendant la duree des hostilites, aucun service ayant rapport avec les opera- tions de la guerre. Article 7. Les noms des individus laisses libres dans les conditions visees a 1' Article 5, alinea 2, et a 1' Article 6, sont notifiees par le belligerant capteur a l'autre belligerant. II est interdit a ce dernier d'employer sciemment les dits individus. Chapter III. Regulations regarding the Crews Enemy Merchant-Ships captured a Belligerent. Article 5. of hy When an enemy merchant«ship is cap- tured by a belligerent, such of its crew as are subjects or citizens of a neutral State are not made prisoners of war. The same principle applies in the case of the captain and officers, likewise subjects or citizens of a neutral State, if they give a formal undertaking in writing not to serve on an enemy ship while the war lasts. Article 6. The captain, officers, and members of the crew, if subjects or citizens of the enemy State, are not made prisoners of war, pro- vided that they undertake, on the faith of a written promise, not to engage, while hostilities last, in any service connected with the operations of the war. Article 7. The names of the persons retaining their liberty under the conditions laid down in Article 5, in the second paragraph, and in Article 6, are notified by the belligerent captor to the other belligerent. The latter is forbidden knowingly to employ the said persons. 99 Article 8. Article 8. Les dispositions des trois Articles pre- The provisions of the three preceding cedents ne s'apphquent pas aux navires Articles do not apply to ships taking part qui prennent part aux hostilites. in hostilities. Ohapitre IV. Dispositions Finales. Article 9. Les dispositions de la presente Con- vention ne sont applicables qu'entre les Puissances Contractantes et seulement si les belligerants sont tous parties a la Convention. Article 10. La presente Convention sera ratifiee aussitdt que possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. Le premier depot de ratifications sera constate par un proces -verbal signe par les Representants des Puissances qui y prennent ; part et par le Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas. Les depots ulterieurs de ratifications se feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite, adressee au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et accompagnee de l'instrument de ratifi- cation. Copie certifiee conforme du proces- verbal relatif au premier depot de ratifi- cations, des notifications mentionnees a l'alinea precedent ainsi / que des instru- ments de ratification, sera immediatement remise par les soins du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances conviees, a la Deuxieme Con- ference de la Paix, ainsi qu'anx autres Puissances qui .auront adhere a la Con- vention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en ineme temps la date a laquelle il a requ la notification. Chapter IV. Final Provisions. Article 9. The provisions of the present Convention do not apply except between Contracting Powers, and then only if all the belligerents are parties to the Convention. Article 10. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. The first deposit of ratifications shall be recorded in a Protocol signed by the Representatives of the Powers which take part therein and by the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs. The subsequent deposits of ratifications shall be made by means of a written notifi- cation, addressed to the Netherland Govern- ment and accompanied by the instrument of ratification. A duly certified copy of the Protocol relating to the first deposit of ratifications, of the notifications mentioned in the pre- ceding paragraph, and of the instruments of ratification, shall be immediately sent by the Netherland Government, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers in- vited to the Second Peace Conference, as well as to the other Powers which have acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall, in the cases contemplated in the preceding paragraph, inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Article 11. Les Puissances non - Signataires sont admises a adherer a la presente Conven- tion. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas eu lui transmettant l'acte d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra imme- diatement a toutes les autres Puissances copie certified conforme de la notification ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a recu la notification. Article 11. Non- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Convention, A Power which desires to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be deposited in the archives of the said Government. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers a duly certified copy of the notification, as well as of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. 100 Article 12. La presente Convention produira effet pour les Puissances qui auront participe" au premier dep6t de ratifications, soixanfce ours apres la date du proces-verbal de ce dep6t et, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ulterieurement ou qui adhereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur rati- fication ou de leur adhesion aura ete reque par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 13. S'il arrivait qti'une des Puissances Con- tractantes voulut d£noncer la presente Convention, la denonciation sera notified par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera imm^diatement copie cerrifiee conforme de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a reque. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notified et un an apres que la notification en sera par venue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 14. Un registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays-Bas indiquera la date du depot des ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 10, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ^te* reques les notifications d'adhesion (Article 11, alinea 2) ou de denonciation (Article 13, alinea 1). Chaque Puissance Contractante est admise a prendre connaissance de ce registre et a en demander des extraits certifies conformes. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont reve"tu la presente Convention de leurs signatures. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, et dont des copies, certifiers con- formes, seront remises par la voie diplo- matique aux Puissances qui ont ^te" convives a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. Article 12= The present Convention shall take effect,, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of ratifications,. sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subse- quently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratification or of their accession, has been received by the Netherland Government. Article 13. In the event of one of the Contracting Powers wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately com- municate a duly certified copy of the notifi- cation to all the other Powers informing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notification has reached the Netherland Government. Article 14. A register kept by the Netherland Ministry for Foreign Affairs shall record the- date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 1 0, paragraphs 3 and 4, as well as the date on which the notifications of accession (Article 11, paragraph 2) or of denunciation (Article 13, paragraph 1) have been received. Each Contracting Power is entitled to have access to this register and to be sup- plied with duly certified extracts from it. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have appended their signatures tc the present Convention. Done at The Hague, the 18th October,. 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent, through the diplo- matic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference. 101 No. 12. (Translation). Convention relative a l'Etablis- Convention relative to the Bs- sement d'une Cour Inter- talblishment of an International nationale des Prises. Prize Court. SA Majeste 1'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de BoMme, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique -des Etats-Unis du Br^sil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President -de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande -Bretagne •et d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques au dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d' Haiti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; sia Majeste 1'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grand-Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicains ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Montenegro ; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur •de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse ; Sa Majeste 1'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President ■des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria ; the President of the Republic of Chile ; His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark; the President ot the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; His Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : Animes du d^sir de regler d'une maniere Animated by the desire to settle in an •equitable les differends qui s'elevent, equitable manner the differences which 102 parfois, en cas de guerre maritime, a propos des decisions des Tribunaux de Prises nationaux ; Estimant que, si ces Tribunaux doivent continuer a statuer suivant les formes prescrites par leur legislation, il importe que dans des cas determines, un recours puisse etre forme sous des conditions qui concilient, dans la mesure du possible, les interets publics et les int^rets prives en- gages dans toute affaire de prises ; Considerant, d'autre part, que l'institu- tion d'une Cour Internationale, dont la competence et la procedure seraient soi- gneusement reglees, a paru le meilleur moyen d'atteindre ce but ; Persuades, enfin, que de cette faqon les consequences rigoureuses d'une guerre maritime pourront &tre attenuees ; que notamment les bons rapports entre les belligerants et les neutres auront plus de chance d'etre maintenus et qu'ainsi la con- servation de la paix sera mieux assured ; D^sirant conclure une Convention a cet effet, ont nomme pour leurs Plenipoten- tiaires, savoir : arise from time to time in the course of a naval war in connection with the decisions of National Prize Courts ; Considering that, while these Courts should continue to exercise their functions in the manner determined by national legislation, it is expedient that in certain cases an appeal should be provided under conditions conciliating, as far as possible, the public and private interests involved in matters of prize ; Being of opinion, moreover, that the institution of an International Court, the jurisdiction and procedure of which should be carefully defined, would be the best method of attaining this object ; Convinced; finally, that in this manner the hardships consequent on naval war may be mitigated ; that, in particular, good relations will be more easily main- tained between belligerents and neutrals and peace better assured in consequence ; and Desirous of concluding a Convention to this effect, have appointed as their Pleni- potentiaries, that is to say : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouves en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des dispositions suivantes Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, ' have agreed upon the following pro- visions : — Titre I. Dispositions Generates. Article 1. La validite de la capture d'un navire de commerce ou de sa cargaison est, s'il s'agit de proprietes neutres ou ennemies, etablie devant une juridiction des prises conforme- ment a la presente Convention. Part I. General Provisions. Article 1. The validity of the capture of a merchant- ship or its cargo is decided before Prize Courts in accordance with the present Con- vention when neutral or enemy property is involved. Article 2. La juridiction des prises est exercee d'abord par les Tribunaux de Prises du belligerant capteur. Les decisions de ces Tribunaux sont prononc^es en seance publique ou notifiees nounced in public or are officially notified d'office aux parties neutres ou ennemies. to parties soncerned who are neutrals or enemies. Article 2. Jurisdiction in matters of prize is ex- ercised in the first instance by the Prize Courts of the belligerent captor. The judgments of these Courts are pro- Article 3. Les decisions des Tribunaux de Prises nationaux peuvent §tre l'objet d'un recours devant la Cour Internationale des Prises — (1.) Lorsque la decision des Tribunaux Nationaux concerne les proprietes d'une Puissance ou d'un particulier neutres ; Article 3. The judgments of national Prize Courts may be brought before the International Prize Court — (1.) When the judgment of the national Prize Courts affects the property of a neutral Power or individual ; 103 (2.) Lorsque la dite decision concerne des proprieties ennemies et qu'il s'agit — (a.) De marchandises chargees sur un navire neutre ; (0.) D'un navire ennemi qui aurait etc" capture dans les eaux territoriales d'une Puissance neutre, dans le cas ou cette Puissance n'aurait pas fait de cette capture l'objet d'une reclamation diplomatique ; (c») D'une reclamation fondee sur l'al- legation que la capture aurait et^ effectuee en violation, soit d'une disposition conventionnelle en vigueur entre les Puissances bel- ligerantes, soit d'une disposition legale 6dict£e par le belligerant capteur. Le recours contre la decision des Tri- The appeal against the judgment of bunaux Nationaux peut &tre fonde sur ce the national Court can be based on the que cette decision ne serait pas justifiee, ground that the judgment was wrong soit en fait, soit en droit. either in fact or in law. (2.) When the judgment affects enemy property and relates to — (a.) Cargo on board a neutral ship ; (A.) An enemy ship captured in the territorial waters of a neutral Power, when that Power has not made the capture the subject of a diplomatic claim ; (c.) A claim based upon the allegation that the seizure has been effected in violation, either of a conven- tional stipulation in force between the belligerent Powers, or of an enactment issued by the belli- gerent captor. Article 4. Le recours peut etre exerce — (1.) Par une Puissance neutre, si la deci- sion des Tribunaux Nationaux a porte - atteinte a ses proprietes ou a celles de ses ressortissants (Article 3 (1)), ou s'il est allegue que la capture d'un navire ennemi a. eu lieu dans les eaux territoriales de cette Puissance (Article 3 (2) (b)) ; (2.) Par un particulier neutre, si la deci- sion des Tribunaux Nationaux a porte atteinte a ces proprietes (Article 3(1)), sous reserve toutefois du droit de la Puissance dont il releve de lui interdire l'acces de la Cour ou d'y agir elle-meme en ses lieu et place ; (3.) Par un particulier relevant de la Puissance ennemie, si la decision des Tribunaux Nationaux a porte atteinte a ses proprie^s dan les conditions visees a' l'Article 3 (2), a l'exception du cas prevu par l'alinea (b). Article 5. Le recours peut aussi etre exerce, dans les memes conditions qu'a l'Article pre- cedent, par les ayants droit, neutres ou ennemis, du particulier auquel le recours est accorde, et qui sont intervenus devant la juridiction nationale. Ces ayants droit peuvent exercer individuellement le recours dans la mesure de leur inter^t. Article 4. An appeal may be brought — (1.) By a neutral Power, if the judg- ment of the National Tribunals affects its property or the property of its subjects or citizens (Article 3 (1)), or if the capture of an enemy vessel is alleged to have taken place in the territorial waters of that Power (Article 3 (2) (o)) ; (2.) By a neutral individual, if the •judgment of the national Court affects his property (Article 3 (l)) r subject, however, to the reserva- tion that the Power to which he belongs may forbid him to bring the case before the Court, or may itself undertake the proceedings in his place ; (3.) By an individual subject or citizen of an enemy Power, if the judg- ment of the National Court affects, his property in the cases referred to in Article 3 (2), except that men- tioned in paragraph (o). Article 5. An appeal may also be brought on the same conditions as in the preceding Article, by persons belonging either to neutral States or to the enemy, deriving their rights from and entitled to represent an individual qualified to appeal, and who. have taken part in the proceedings before the National Court. Persons so entitled may appeal separately to the extent of their interest. 2814 104 II en est de meme des ayants droit, The same principle applies in the case of neutres ou ennemis, de la Puissance neutre persons belonging either to neutral States dont la propri^te est en cause. or to the enemy, who derive their rights from and are entitled to represent a neutral Power the property of which was the subject of the decision. Article 6. Lorsque, conformement a 1' Article 3 ci- dessus, la Cour Internationale est compe- tente, le droit de juridiction des Tribunaux nationaux ne peut 6tre exerce a plus de deux degres. II appartient a la legislation du belligerant capteur de decider si le recours est ouvert apres la decision rendue en premier ressort ou seulement apres la decision rendue en appel ou en cassation. Faute par les Tribunaux nationaux d'avoir rendu une decision definitive dans les deux aus a compter du jour de la cap- ture, la Cour peut etre saisie directement. Article 6. When, in accordance with the above Article 3, the International Court has jurisdiction, the national Courts cannot deal with a case in more than two in- stances. The municipal law of the belli- gerent captor shall decide whether the case may be brought before the Inter- national Court after judgment has been given in first instance or only after an appeal. , If the national Courts fail to give final judgment within two years from the date of capture, the case may be carried direct to the International Court. Article 7. Si la question de droit a resoudre est prevue par une Convention en vigueur entre le belligerant capteur et la Puissance qui est elle-meme partie au litige ou dont le ressortissant est partie au litige, la Cour se conforme aux stipulations de la dite Convention. A defaut de telles stipulations, la Cour applique les regies du droit international. Si des regies generalement reconnues n'existent pas, la Cour statue d'apres les principes generaux de la justice et de l'^quite. Les dispositions ci-dessus sont egalement applicables en ce qui concerne l'ordre des preuves ainsi que les moyens qui peuvent etre employes. Si, conformement a TArticle 3 (2) (c), le recours est fonde sur la violation d'une disposition legale edictee par le belligerant capteur, la Cour applique cette disposition. La Cour peut ne pas tenir compte des dech^ances de procedure edict^es par la legislation du belligerant capteur, dans les cas ou elle estime que les consequences en sont contraires a la justice et a l'equite. Article 8. Si la Cour prononce la validite de la capture du navire ou de la cargaison, il en sera dispose 1 conformement aux lois du belligerant capteur. Si la nullite de la capture est prononc^e, la Cour ordonne la restitution du navire ou de la cargaison et fixe, s'il y a lieu, le montant des dommages-inteT&ts. Si le navire ou la cargaison ont 4te vendus ou Article 7. If a question of law to be decided is covered by a Treaty in force between the belligerent captor and a Power which is itself, or the subject or citizen of which is, a party to the proceedings, the Court is governed by the provisions of the said Treaty. In the absence of such provisions, the Court shall apply the rules of international law. If no generally recognized rule exists, the Court shall give judgment in accordance with the general principles of justice and equity. The above provisions apply equally to questions relating to the order and mode of proof. If, in accordance with Article 3 (2) (c), the ground of appeal is the violation of an enactment issued by the belligerent captor, the Court shall enforce the enactment. The Court may disregard failure to comply with the procedure laid down in the legislation of the belligerent captor, when it is of opinion that the conse- quences of complying therewith are unjust and inequitable. Article 8. If the Court pronounces the capture of the vessel or cargo to be valid, they shall be disposed of in accordance with the laws of the belligerent captor. If it pronounces the capture to be null, the Court shall order restitution of the vessel or cargo, and shall fix, if there is occasion, the amount of the damages. If the vessel or cargo have been sold or 105 detruits, la Cour determine l'indemnite a destroyed, the Court shall determine the accorder de ce chef au proprietaire. compensation to be given to the owner on this account. Si la nullity de la capture avait ete pro- If the national Prize Court pronounced nonc^e par la juridiction nationale, la Cour the capture to be null, the Court can only n'est appelee a statuer que sur les dom- be asked to decide as to the damages, mages et interets. Article 9. Article 9. Les Puissances Contractantes s'engagent The Contracting Powers undertake to a se soumettre de bonne foi aux decisions submit in good faith to the decisions of de la Cour Internationale des Prises et a the International Prize Court and to carry les executer dans le plus bref delai possible, them out with the least possible delay. Titre II. Part II. Organisation de la Cour Inter- Constitution of the International nationale des Prises. Prize Court. Article 10. Article 10. La Cour Internationale des Prises se The International Prize Court is corn- compose de Juges et de Juges Suppleants, posed of Judges and Deputy Judges, who nommes par les Puissances Contractantes, will be appointed by the Contracting et qui tous devront etre des jurisconsultes Powers, and must all be jurists of known d'une competence reconnue dans les ques- proficiency in questions of international tions de droit international maritime et maritime law, and of the highest moral jouissant de la plus haute consideration reputation, morale. La nomination de ces Juges et Juges The appointment of these Judges and Suppleants sera faite dans les six mois qui Deputy Judges shall be made within six suivront la ratification de la presente Con- months after the ratification of the present vention. Convention. Article 11. Article 11. Les Juges et J ages Suppleants sont The Judges and Deputy Judges are ap- nommes pour une p&riode de six ans, a pointed for a period of six years, reckoned compter de la date ou la notification de from the date on which the notification leur nomination aura ete reque par le of their appointment is received by the Conseil Administratif institue par la Con- Administrative Council established by the vention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Convention for the Pacific Settlement of Conflits Internationaux du 29 Juillet, 1899. International Disputes of the 29th July, Leur mandat peut etre renouvele. 1899. Their appointments can be renewed. En cas de deces ou de demission d'un Should one of the Judges or Deputy Juge ou d'un Juge Suppleant, il est pourvu Judges die or resign, the same procedure a son remplacement selon le mode fixe pour is followed in filling the vacancy as was sa nomination. Dans ce cas, la nomination followed in appointing him. In this case,, est faite pour une nouvelle periode de the appointment is made for a fresh period six ans. of six years. Article 12. Article 12. Les Juges de la Cour Internationale des The Judges of the International Prize Prises sont egaux entre eux et prennent Court are all equal in rank and have rang d'apres la date pu la notification de precedence according to the date on which leur nomination aura ete recue (Article 11, the notification of their appointment was alinea 1), et, s'ils siegent a tour de r61e received (Article 11, paragraph 1), and if (Article 1.5, alinea 2), d'apres la date de they sit by rota (Article 15, paragraph 2), leur entree en fonctions. La preseance according to the date on which they entered appartient au plus age, au cas ou la date upon their duties. When the date is the est la m&me. same, the senior in age takes precedence. Les Juges Suppleants sont, daus l'exer- The Deputy Judges when acting are cice de leurs fonctions, assimiles aux Juges in the same position as the Judges. They Titulaires. Toutefois ils prennent rang rank, however, after them, apres ceuxrci. 28H 2 106 Article 13. Les Juges jouissenfc des privileges et immunity diplomatiques dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions et en dehors de leur pays. Avant de prendre possession de leur siege, les Juges doivent, devant le Conseil Administratif, prater serment ou faire une affirmation solennelle d'exercer leurs fonctions avec impartialite et en toute conscience. Abticle 13. The Judges enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities in the performance of their duties and when outside their own country. Before taking their seat, the Judges must take an oath, or make a solemn affirmation before the Administrative Council, to discharge their duties im- partially and conscientiously. Article 14. La Cour fonctionne au nombre de quinze Juges ; neuf Juges constituent le quorum necessaire. Le Juge absent ou empeche est remplace par le Suppleant. Article 15. Les Juges nommes par les Puissances Contractantes dont les noms suivent : l'Allemagne, les Etats-Unis d'Amerique, l'Autriche-Hongrie, la France, la Grande- Bretagne, l'ltalie, le Japon, et la Russie sont toujours appeles a sieger. Les Juges et les Juges Suppleants nommes par les autres Puissances Contrac- tantes siegent a tour de role d'apres le tableau annexe a la pr^sente Convention ; leurs fonctions peuvent 6tre exercees suc- cessivement par la m§me personne. Le m6me Juge peut etre nomme par plusieurs des dites Puissances. Article 14. The Court is composed of fifteen Judges ; nine Judges constitute a quorum. A Judge who is absent or prevented from sitting is replaced by the Deputy Judge. Article 15. The Judges appointed by the following Contracting Powers : Germany, the United States of America, Austria-Hungary, France, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, and Russia, are always summoned to sit. The J udges and Deputy Judges appointed by the other Contracting Powers sit by rota as shown in the Table annexed to the present Convention ; their duties may be performed successively by the same person. The same Judge may be appointed by several of the said Powers. Article 16. Si une Puissance belligerante n'a pas, d'apres le tour de role, un Juge siegeant dans la Cour, elle peut demander que le Juge nomme par elle prenne part au juge- ment de toutes les affaires provenant de la guerre. Dans ce cas, le sort determine lequel des Juges siegeant en vertu du tour de r61e doit s'abstenir. Cette exclusion ne saurait s'appliquer au Juge nomme par l'autre belligerant. Article 16. If a belligerent Power has, according to the rota, no Judge sitting in the Court, it may ask that the Judge appointed by it should take part in the settlement of all cases arising from the war, Lots shall then be drawn as to which of the Judges entitled to sit according to the rota shall withdraw. This arrangement does not affect the Judge appointed by the other belligerent. Article 17. Ne peut sieger le Juge qui, a un titre quelconque, aura concouru a la decision des Tribunaux Nationaux ou aura figure dans l'instance comme conseil ou avocat d'une partie. Aucun Juge, Titulaire ou Suppliant, ne peut intervenir comme agent ou comme avocat devant la Cour Internationale des Prises ni y agir pour une partie, en quelque qualite que ce soij;, pendant toute la duree de ses fonctions. Article 17. No Judge may sit who has been a party, in any way whatever, to the sentence pro- nounced by the National Courts, or has taken part in the case as counsel or advocate for one of the parties. No Judge or Deputy Judge may, during his tenure of office, appear as agent or advocate before the International Prize Court, nor act for one of the parties in any capacity whatever. 107 Article 18. Le belligerant capteur a le droit de designer un officier de marine d'un grade eleve, qui si^gera en quality d'Assesseur avec voix consultative. La m^me faculte appartient a la Puissance neutre qui est elle-me'me partie au litige, ou a la Puis- sance dont le ressortissant est partie au litige ; s'il y a, par application de cette der.nieer disposition, plusieurs Puissances interessees, elles doivent se concerter, au besoin par le sort, sur l'officier a designer. Article 19. La Cour elit son President et son Vice- President a la majorite absolue des suf- frages exprim^s. Apres deux tours de scrutin, l'election se fait a la majorite relative, et, en cas de partage des voix, le sort decide. Article 20. Les Juges de la Cour Internationale des Prises touchent une indemnite de voyage fixee d'apres les Reglements de leur pays, et recoivent, en outre, pendant la session ou pendant l'exercice de fonctions conferees par la Cour, une somme de cent florins Neerlandais par jour. Ces allocations, comprises dans les frais generaux de la Cour prevus par 1' Article 47, sont versees par l'entremise du Bureau International institue - par la Convention du 29 Juillet, 1899. Les Juges ne peuvent recevoir de leur propre Gouvernement ou de celui d'un autre Puissance aucune remuneration comme membres de la Cour. Article 21. La Cour Internationale des Prises a son siege a La Haye et ne peut, sauf le cas de force majeure, le transporter ailleurs qu'avec l'asBentiment des parties bellige- rantes. Article 22. Le Conseil Administratif, dans lequel ne figurent que les Representants des Puissances Contractantes, remplit, a l'egard de la Cour Internationale des Prises, les fonctions qu'il remplit a l'egard de la Cour Permanente dArbitrage. Article 23. Le Bureau International sert de greffe a la Cour Internationale des Prises et doit mettre ses locaux et son organisation a la disposition de la Cour. II a la garde des archives et la gestion des affaires adminis- tratives. Article 18. The belligerent captor is entitled to ap- point a naval officer of high rank to sit as Assessor, but with no voice in the decision. A neutral Power, which is a party to the proceedings or the subject or citizen of which is a party, has the same right of appointment ; if in applying this last provision more than one Power is con- cerned, they must agree among themselves, if necessary by lot, on the officer to be appointed. Article 19. The Court elects its President and Vice- President by an absolute majority of the votes cast. After two ballots, the election is made by a bare majority, and, in case the votes are equal, by lot. Article 20. The Judges of the International Prize Court are entitled to travelling allowances in accordance with the regulations in force in their own country, and in addition re- ceive, while the Court is sitting or while they are carrying out duties conferred upon them by the Court, a sum of 100 Nether- land florins per diem. These payments are included in the general expenses of the Court dealt with in Article 47, and are paid through the Inter- national Bureau established by the Con- vention o£ the 29th July, 1899. The Judges may not receive from their own Government or from that of any other Power any remuneration in their capacity of members of the Court. Article 21. The International Prize Court sits at The Hague, and may not, except in circum- stances beyond its control, be transferred elsewhere without the consent of the bel- ligerents. Article 22. The Administrative Council fulfils the same functions with regard to the Inter- national Prize Court as with regard to the . Permanent Court of Arbitration, but only Representatives of Contracting Powers shall be members of it. Article 23. The International Bureau acts as registry to the International Prize Court and shall place its offices and staff at the disposal of the Court. It has the custody of the archives and carries out the administrative work. 108 Le Secretaire-General du Bureau Inter- The Secretary- General of the Interna- national remplit les fonctions de Greffier. tional Bureau acts as Registrar. Les secretaires adjoints au Greffier, les The necessary secretaries to assist the traducteurs, et les stenographes n^cessaires Registrar, translators and shorthand writers, sont de^ignes et assermentes par la Cour. are appointed and sworn in by the Court. Article 24. La Cour decide du choix de la langue dont elle fera usage et des langues dont l'emploi sera autorise^ devant elle. Dans tous les cas, la langue officielle des Tribunaux nationaux, qui ont connu de l'affaire, peut etre employee devant la Cour. Article 24. The Court determines which language it shall use and the languages the employ- ment of which shall be authorised before it. The official language, however, of the national Courts which have had cogni- zance of the case may always be employed before the Court. Article 25. Les Puissances interessees ont le droit de nommer des agents speciaux ayant mission de servir d'interm^diaires entre elles et la Cour. Elles sont, en outre, autorisees a charger des conseils ou avocats de la defense de leurs droits et interns. Article 25. Powers which are concerned in a case may appoint special agents to act as inter- mediaries between themselves and the Court. They may also engage counsel or advocates to defend their rights and in- terests. Article 26. Le particulier interesse sera represente devant la Cour par un mandataire, qui doit 6tre, soit un avocat autorise a plaider devant une Cour d'Appel ou une Cour Supreme de l'un des Pays Contractantes, soit un avoue" exerqant sa profession aupres d'une telle Cour, soit enfin un professeur du droit a une ecole d'enseignement superieur d'un de ces pays. Article 27. Pour toutes les notificatians a faire, notamment aux parties, aux temoins, et aux experts, la Cour peut s'adresser directe- ment au Gouvernement de la Puissance sur le territoire de laquelle la notification doit 6tre effectuee. II en est de m6me s'il s'agit de faire proceder a l'^tablissement de tout moyen de preuve. Les requites adressees a cet effet seront ex^cutees suivant les moyens dont la Puissance requise dispose d'apres sa legis- lation int^rieure. Elles ne peuvent 6tre refusers que si cette Puissance les juge de nature a porter atteinte a sa souverainete ou a sa s^curite\ S'il est donne suite a sa requite, les frais ne comprennent que les defenses d'execution r^ellement effectives. La Cour a egalement la faculte de recourir a l'interm^diaire de la Puissance sur le territoire de laquelle elle a son siege. Les notifications a faire aux parties dans le lieu ou siege la Cour peuvent etre executes par le Bureau International. Article 26. A private person concerned in a case will be represented before the Court by an attorney, who must be either an advo- cate qualified to plead before a Court of Appeal or a High Court of one of the Contracting States, or a lawyer practising before a similar Court, or lastly, a pro- fessor of law at one of the higher teach- ing centres of those countries. Article 27. For the service of all notices, in particu- lar on the parties, witnesses, or experts, the Court may apply direct to the Govern- ment of the State on the territory of which the service is to be carried out. The same principle applies in the case of steps being taken to procure evidence. Requests for this purpose are to be executed so far as the means at the dis- posal of the Power applied to under its municipal law, allow. They cannot be rejected unless the Power in question considers them calculated to impair its sovereign rights or its safety. If the request is complied with, the fees charged must only comprise the expenses actually incurred. The Court is equally entitled to act through the Power within the territory of which it is meeting. Notices to be given to parties in the place where the Court sits may be served through the International Bureau. ^ 109 Titre III. Part III. Procedure devant la Cour Inter- Procedure in the International nationale des Prises. Prize Court. Article 28. Le recours' devant la Cour Internationale des Prises est forme au moyen d'une declaration ecrite, faite devant le Tribunal national qui a statue^ ou adressee au Bureau International ; celui-ci peut 6tre saisi meme par telegramme. Le delai du recours est fixe a 120 jours a dater du jour ou la decision a et^ pro- noncee ou notifiee (Article 2, alin^a 2). Article 29. Si la declaration de recours est faite devant le Tribunal national, celui-ci, sans examiner si le delai a ete observe, fait, dans les sept jours qui suivent, expedier le dossier de l'affaire au Bureau Inter- national. Si la declaration de recours est adressee au Bureau International, celui-ci en pre- vient directement • le Tribunal national, par telegramme s'il est possible. Le Tribunal transmettra le dossier comme il est dit a l'alinea precedent. Lorsque le recours est forme par un particulier neutre, le Bureau International en avise immediatement par telegramme la Puissance dont releve le particulier, pour permettre a cetfce Puissance de faire valoir le droit que lui reconnait l'Arti- cle 4 (2). Article 30. Dans le cas prevu a 1' Article 6, alinea 2, le recours ne peut etre adresse qu'au Bureau International. II doit 6tre intro- duit dans les trente jours qui suivent l'expiration du delai de deux ans. Article 28. An appeal to the International Prize Court is entered by means of a written declaration made in the national Court which has already dealt with the case or addressed to the International Bureau ; in the latter case the appeal may be entered by telegram. The period within which the appeal must be entered is fixed at 120 days, counting from the day the decision is delivered or notified (Article 2, para- graph 2). Article 29. If the notice of appeal is entered in the national Court, such Court, without con- sidering the question whether the appeal was entered in due time, will transmit within seven days the record of the case to the International Bureau. If the notice of appeal is sent to the International Bureau, the Bureau will immediately inform the national Court, when possible by telegraph. The latter will transmit the record as provided in the preceding paragraph. When the appeal is brought by a neutral individual the International Bureau will immediately inform by telegraph the appel- lant's Government, in order to enable it to avail itself of the rights given by the second paragraph of Article 4 (2). Article 30. In the. case provided for in Article 6, paragraph 2, the notice of appeal can be addressed to the International Bureau only. It must be entered within thirty days of the expiry of the .period of two years. Article 31. Faute d'avoir forme son recours dans le delai fixe a 1' Article 28 ou a l'Article 30, la partie sera, sans debats, declaree non recevable. Toutefois, si elle justifie d'un emp^che- ment de force majeure et si elle a forme son recours dans les soixante jours qui ont suivi la cessation de cet emp^chement, elle peut 6tre relevee de la decheance encourue, la partie adverse ayant ete dument en- tendue. Article 31. If the appellant does not enter his appeal within the period laid down in Articles 28 or 30, it shall be rejected without discussion. Provided that if he can show that he was prevented from so doing by circumstances beyond his control, and that the appeal was entered within sixty days after such circumstances bad ceased to operate, the Court may, after hearing the respondent, grant relief from the effect of the above provision. 110 Article 32. Si le recours a 6t6 forme en temps utile, la Cour notifie d'office, et sans delai, a la partie adverse une copie certifiee conforme de la declaration. Article 33. Si, en dehors des parties qui se sont pourvues devant la Cour, il y a d'autres interessds ayant le droit d'exercer ie recours, ou si, dans le cas prevu a l'Arti- cle 29, alinea 3, la Puissance qui a ete avisee, n'a pas fait connaitre sa resolution, la Cour attend, pour se saisir de l'affaire, que les delais prevus a 1' Article 28 ou a 1' Article 30 soient expires. Article 34. La procedure devant la Cour Interna- tionale comprend deux phases distinctes : l'instruction ecrite et les debats oraux. L'instruction ecrite consiste dans le depot et l'echange d'exposes, de contre-exposes, et, au besoin, de repliques, dont l'ordre et les delais sont fixes par la Cour. Les parties y joignent toutes pieces et documents dont elles comptent se servir. Toute piece, produite par une partie, doit etre commnniquee en copie certifiee con- forme a l'autre partie par l'intermediaire de la Cour. Article 35. L'instruction ecrite ^tant terminee, il y a lieu a une audience publique, dont le jour est fixe par le Cour. Dans cette audience, les parties exposent l'etat de l'affaire en fait et en droit. La Cour peut, en tout etat de cause, suspendre les plaidoiries, soit a la demande d'une des parties, soit d'office, pour proceder a une information complementaire. Article 36. La Cour Internationale peut ordonner que l'information complementaire aura lieu, soit conformement aux dispositions de 1' Article 27, soit directement devant elle ou devant un ou plusieurs de ses membres en tant que cela peut se faire sans moyen coercitif ou comminatoire. Si des mesures d'information doivent etre prises par des membres de la Cour en dehors du territoire oil elle a son siege, l'assentiment du Gouvernement Granger doit etre obtenu. Article 32. If the appeal has been entered in time, a certified copy of the notice of appeal is forthwith officially transmitted by the Court to the respondent. Article 33. If, in addition to the parties who are before the Court, there are other parties concerned who are entitled to appeal, or if, in the case referred to in Article 29,. paragraph 3, the Government which has- received notice of an appeal has not announced its decision, the Court, before- dealing with the case, will await the expiry of the period laid down in Articles 28- or 30. Article 34. The procedure . before the International! Court comprises two distinct phases : the- written pleadings and oral discussions. The written pleadings consist of the deposit and exchange of cases, counter- cases, and, if necessary, of replies, of which the order is fixed by the Court, as also the periods within which they must be delivered. The parties annex thereto all papers and documents of which they intend, to make use. A certified copy of every document pro- duced by one party must be communicated to the other party through the medium of the Court. Article 35. After the close of the pleadings, a public- sitting is held on a day fixed by the Court.. At this sitting the parties state their view of the case both as to the law and as to the facts. The Court may, at any stage of the pro- ceedings, suspend the speeches of counsel,, either at the request of one of the parties, or on their own initiative, in order that supplementary evidence may be obtained. Article 36. *■ The International Court may order the supplementary evidence to be taken either in the manner provided by Article 27, or before itself or one or more of the mem- bers of the Court, provided that this can be done without resort to compulsion or intimidation. If steps are to be taken for the purpose of obtaining evidence by members of the Court outside the territory where it is sitting, the consent of the foreign Govern- ment must be obtained. Ill Article 37. Article 37. Les parties sont appel^es a assister The parties receive notice to attend a toutes mesures d'instruction. Elles every stage of the proceedings and receive resolvent une copie certifiee conforme des certified copies of the Minutes, proces-verbaux. Article 38. Les d^bats sont diriges par le President ou le Vice-President, et, en cas d'absence ou d'empechement de l'un et de Pautre, par le plus ancien des Juges presents. Le Juge nomme par une partie bel- ligerante ne peut sieger comme President. Article 38. The discussions are under the direction of the President or Vice-President, or, in case they are absent or cannot act, of the senior Judge present. The Judge appointed by a belligerent party may not preside. Article 39. Les debats sont publics, sauf le droit pour une Puissance en litige de demander qu'il y soit procede a huis clos. lis sont consignes dans de proces-ver- baux, que signent le President et le Greffier, et qui seuls ont caractere authentique. Article 40. En cas de non-comparution d'une des parties, bien que regulierement citee, -ou iaute par elle d'agir dans les delais fix^s par la Cour, il est procede sans elle, et la Cour decide d'apres les elements d'appre- ciation qu'elle a a sa disposition. Article 39. The discussions take place in public, subjet to the right of a Government which is a party to the case to demand that they be held in private. They are recorded in Minutes. These Minutes are signed by the President and Registrar, and are the only authentic record. Article 40. If a party does not appear, despite the fact that he has been duly cited, or if a party fails to comply with some step within the period fixed by the Court, the case proceeds without that party, and the Court gives judgment in accordance with the material at its disposal. Article 41. Article 41. La Cour notifie d'office aux parties toutes The Court officially notifies to the parties decisions ou ordonnances prises en leur judgments or orders made in their ab- absence. sence. Article 42. La Cour apprecie librement l'ensemble des actes, preuves, et declarations orales. Article 42. The Court takes into consideration in arriving at its decision all the facts, evi- dence, and verbal statements. Article 43. Les deliberations de la Cour ont lieu a huis clos et restent secretes. Toute decision est prise a la majorite des Juges presents. Si la Cour siege en nombre pair et qu'il y ait partage des voix, la voix du dernier des Juges dans l'ordre de pr^seance etabli d'apres 1' Article 12, alinea ] , d'est' pas comptee. Article 43. The Court considers its decisions in private and the proceedings remain secret. All questions are decided by a majority of the Judges present. If the number of Judges is even and equally divided, the vote of the Junior Judge in the order of precedence laid down in Article 12, para- graph 1, is not counted. Article 44. L'arr^t de la Cour doit etre motive. II mentionne les noms des Juges qui y ont participe, ainsi que les noms des Assesseurs, s'il y a lieu ; il est signe par le President et par le Greffier. 2814 Article 44. The Judgment of the Court must state the reasons on which it is based. It recites the names of the -Judges taking part in it, and also of the Assessors, if any ; it is signed by the President and Registrar.. p 112 Article 45. L'arret est prononce en seance publique, les parties presentes ou dument appelees ; il est notifie d'ofnce aux parties. Cette notification une fois faite, la Cour fait parvenir au Tribunal National de Prises le dossier de l'affaire en y joignant une ■expedition des diverses decisions inter- venue? ainsi qu'une copie des proces- verbaux de l'instruction. Article 46. Chaque partie supporte les frais occa- sionnes par sa propre defense. La partie qui succombe supporte, en outre, les frais causes par la procedure. Elle doit, de plus, verser un centieme de la valeur de l'object litigieux a titre de •contribution aux frais generaux de la Cour Internationale. Le montant de ces versements est determine par l'arret de la Cour. Si le recours est exerce par un par- ticulier, celui-ci fournit au Bureau Inter- national un cautionnement dont le montant est fixe par la Cbur et qui est destine a garantir l'execution eventuelle des deux obligations mentionnees dans l'alinea precedent. La Cour peut subordonner 1'ouverture de la procedure au versement du cautionnement. Article 47. Les frais generaux de la Cour Inter- nationale des Prises sont supportes par les Puissances Contractantes dans la pro- portion de leur participation au fonc- tionnement de la Cour telle qu'elle est prevue par 1' Article 15 et par le tableau y annexe. La designation des Juges Sup- pleants ne donne pas lieu a contribution. Le Conseil Administratif s'adresse aux Puissances pour obtenir les fonds neces- saires au fonctionnement de la Cour. Article 48. Quand la Cour n'est pas en session, les fonctions qui lui sont conferees par 1'Article 32, l'Article 34, alineas 2 et 3, 1' Article 35, alinea 1, et l'Article 46, alin&i 3, sont exercees par une delegation de trois Juges designes par la Cour. Cette dele- gation decide a la majorite des voix. Article 49. La Cour fait elle-meme son Reglement d'ordre interieur, qui doit etre commu- nique aux Puissances Contractantes. Dans 1'ann^e de la ratification de la presente Convention, elle se reunira pour elaborer ce Reglement. Article 45. The judgment is delivered in open Court, the parties concerned being present or duly summoned to attend ; the judgment is officially communicated to the parties. When this communication has been made, the Court transmits to the National Prize Court the record of the case, together with copies of the various decisions arrived at and of the Minutes of the proceedings. Article 46. Each party pays its own costs. The party against whom the Court decides bears, in additiou, the costs of the trial, and also pays 1 per cent, of the value of the subject-matter of the case as a contribution to the general expenses of the International Court. The amount of these payments is fixed in the judgment of the Court. If the appeal is brought by an individual, he will furnish the International Bureau with security to an amount fixed by the Court, for the purpose of guaranteeing the eventual fulfilment of the two obligations mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The Court is entitled to postpone the opening of the proceedings until the security has been furnished. Article 47. The general expenses of the Inter- national Prize Court are borne by the Contracting Powers in proportion to their share in the composition of the Court as laid down in Article 15 and in the an- nexed Table. The appointment of Deputy Judges does not involve any contribution. The Administrative Council applies to the Powers for the funds requisite for the working of the Court. Article 48. When the Court is not sitting, the duties conferred upon it by Article 32, Article 34, paragraphs 2 and 3, Article 35, para- graph 1, and Article 46, paragraph 3, are discharged by a delegation of three Judges appointed by the Court. This delegation decides by a majority of votes. Article 49. The Court itself draws up its own rules of procedure, which must be communicated to the Contracting Powers. It will meet to draw up these rules within a year of the ratification of the present Convention. 113 Article 50. La Cour peut proposer des modifications a apporter aux dispositions de la presente Convention qui concernent la procedure. Ces propositions sont communiquees, par l'intermediaire du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, aux Puissances Contractantes, qui se concerteront sur la suite a y donner. Article 50. The Court may propose modifications in the provisions of the present Convention concerning procedure. These proposals are communicated, through the medium of the Netherland Government, to the Contracting Powers, which will confer together as to the measures to be adopted. Titre IV. Dispositions Finales. Part IV. Final Provisions. Article 51. La presente Convention ne s'applique de plein droit que si les Puissances belligerantes sont toutes parties a la Con- vention. 11 est entendu, en outre, que le recours devant la Cour Internationale des Prises ne peut 6tre exerce que par une Puissance Contractante ou le ressortissant d'une Puissance Contractante. Dans les cas de l'Article 5, le recours n'est admis que si le proprietaire et l'ayant droit sont egalement des Puissances Con- tractantes ou des ressortissants de Puis- sances Contractantes. Article 52. La presente Convention sera , ratifiee et les ratifications en seront deposees a La Haye des que toutes les Puissances de- signees a l'Article 15 et dans son annexe seront en mesure de le faire. Le dep6t des ratifications aura lieu, en tout cas, le 30 Juin, 1909, si les Puissances pr&tes a ratifier peuvent fournir a la Cour neuf Juges et neuf Juges Suppleants, aptes a sieger effectivement. Dans le cas con- traire, le depot sera ajourne jusqu'au moment ou cette condition sera remplie. II sera dresse du depot des ratifications un proces-verbal, dont une copie, certifiee conforme, sera remise par la voie diplo- matique a chacune des Puissances de- signees a l'alinea premier. Article 53. Les Puissances designees a l'Article 15 et dans son annexe sont admises a signer la presente Convention jusqu'au depot des ratifications prevu par l'alinea 2 de l'Article precedent. Apres ce depdt, elles seront toujours admises a y adherer, purement et simple- ment. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouverne- ment des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant, en 2814 Article 51. The present Convention does not apply as of right except when the belligerent Powers are all parties to the Convention. It is further understood that an appeal to the International Prize Court can only be brought by a Contracting Power or the subject or citizen of a Contracting Power. An appeal is only admitted under Article 5 when both the owner and the person entitled to represent him are equally Contracting Powers or the subjects or citizens of Contracting Powers. Article 52. ■ The present Convention shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague as soon as all the Powers men- tioned in Article 15 and in the Table annexed are in a position to do so. The deposit of the ratifications shall take place, in any case, on the 30th June, 1909, if the Powers which are ready to ratify furnish nine Judges and nine Deputy Judges to the Court, duly qualified to constitute a Court. If not, the deposit shall be postponed until this condition is fulfilled. A Minute of the deposit of the ratifi- cations shall be drawn up, of which a certified copy shall be forwarded, through the diplomatic channel, to each of the. Powers referred to in the first paragraph. Article 53. The Powers referred to in Article 15 and in the Table annexed are entitled to sign the present Convention up to the date of the deposit of the ratifications contemplated in paragraph 2 of the preceding Article. After this deposit, they can at any time accede to it, purely and simply. A Power wishing to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, transmitting to it at the same time the act P2 114 m6me temps, l'acte d'adh^sion, qui sera depose" dans les archives du dit Gouverne- ment. Celui-ci enverra, par la ,voie diplo- matique, une copie certified conforme de la notification et de l'acte d'adhesion a toutes les Puissances designees a l'alin^a pru- dent, en leur faisant savoir la date oil il a requ la notification. Article 54. La presente Convention entrera en vigueur six mois a partir du dep6t des ratifications prevu par l'Article 52, alin^as 1 et 2. Les adhesions produiront effet soixante jours apres que la notification en aura ete reque par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et, au plus t6t, a l'expiration du delai prevu par l'alinea precedent. Toutefois, la Cour Internationale aura qualite pour juger les affaires de prises decidees par la juridiction nationale a partir du dep6t des ratifications ou de la reception de la notification des adhesions. Pour ces decisions, le delai fixe a l'Article 28, alin^a 2, ne sera compte que de la date de la mise en vigueur de la Convention pour les Puissances ay ant ratifie ou adhere. of accession, which shall be deposited in the archives of the said Government. The latter shall send, through the diplomatic channel, a certified copy of the notification and of the act of accession to all the Powers referred to in the preceding paragraph, informing them of the date on which it! has received the notification. Article 54. The present Convention shall come into force six months from the deposit of the ratifications contemplated in Article 52,. paragraphs 1 and 2. The accessions shall take effect sixty days after the notification of such accession has been received by the Netherland Government, or as soon as possible on the expiry of the period contemplated in the preceding paragraph. The International Court shall, however, have jurisdiction to deal with prize cases decided by the National Courts at any time after the deposit of the ratifications or of the receipt of the notification of the accessions. In such cases, the period fixed in Article 28, paragraph 2, shall only be reckoned from the date when the Conven- tion comes into force as regards a Power which has ratified or acceded. Article 55. La presente Convention aura une duree de douze ans a partir de sa mise en vigueur, telle qu'elle est determined par l'Article 54, alin^a 1, meme pour les Puissances ayant adhere posterieurement. Elle sera renouvelee tacitement de six ans en six ans sauf d^nonciation. La denonciation devra etre, au moins un an avant l'expiration de chacune des periodes prevues par les deux alineas precedents, notifiee par ecrit au Gouverne- ment des Pays-Bas, qui en donnera con- naissance a toutes les autres Parties Con- tractantes. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notified. La Convention subsistera pour les autres Puissances Contractantes, pourvu que leur participation a la designation des Juges soit suffisante pour permettre le fonctionnement de la Cour avec neuf Juges et neuf Juges Suppleants. Article 56. Dans le cas ou la presente Convention n'est pas en vigueur pour toutes les Puissances designees dans l'Article 15 et let tableau qui s'y rattache, le Conseil Administratif dresse, confbrmement aux Article 55. The present Convention shall endure for twelve years from the date at which it comes into force, as determined by Article 54, paragraph 1, even for the Powers acceding to it subsequently. There shall be tacit prolongation for the term of six years unless this Convention is denounced. Denunciation must be notified in writing, one year at least before the expiry of each of the periods mentioned in the two preceding paragraphs, to the Netherland Government, which will inform all the other Contracting Powers. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power. The Convention shall remain in force in the case of the other Contracting Powers, provided that their share in the appoint- ment of Judges be still sufficient to allow the work of the Court to be discharged by nine Judges and nine Deputy Judges. Article 56. In case the present Convention is not in operation as regards all the Powers referred to in Article 15 and the annexed Table, the Administrative Council shall draw up a list on the lines of that Article 115 dispositions de cet Article et de ce tableau, and Table of the Judges and Deputy la liste les Juges et des Juges Suppliants Judges through whom the Contracting pour lesquels les Puissances Contractantes Powers share in the composition of the participent au fonctionnement de la Cour. Court. The times allotted by the said Les Juges appeles a sieger a tour de r61e Table to Judges who are summoned to sit seront, pour le temps qui leur est attribue in rota will be redistributed between the par le tableau susmentionne r^partis entre different years of the six-year period in les differentes annees de la periode de six such a way that, as far as possible, the ans, de maniere que, dans la mesure du number of the Judges of the Court in each possible, la Cour fbnctionne chaque ann^e year shall be the same. If the number of en nombre egal. Si le nombre des Juges Deputy Judges is greater than that of the Suppleants^ depasse celui des Juges, le Judges, the number of the latter can be nombre de ces derniers pourra etre com- completed by Deputy Judges chosen by pl&e par des Juges Suppleants designes lot amongst those Powers which do not par le sort parmi celles des Puissances qui nominate a Judge, ne nomment pas de Juge Titulaire. La liste ainsi dressee par le Conseil The list drawn up in this way by the Administratif sera notifiee aux Puissances Administrative Council shall be notified to Contractantes. Elle sera revisee quand le the Contracting Powers. It shall be re- nombre de celles-ci sera modifie par suite vised when the number of these Powers d'adh^sions 6u de denonciations. is modified as the result of accessions or denunciations. Le changement a operer par suite d'une The change resulting from an accession adhesion ne se produira qu'a partir du is not made until the 1st January after the l or Janvier qui suit la date a laquelle date on which the accession takes effect, 1'adhesion a son effet, a moins que la unless the acceding Power is a belligerent Puissance adherente ne soit une Puissance Power, in which case it can demand to be belligerante, cas auquel elle peut demander at once represented in the Court, the d'etre aussit6t representee dans la Cour, la provision of Article 16 being, moreover, disposition de 1' Article 16 etant du reste applicable if necessary, applicable, s'il y a lieu. Quand le nombre total des Juges est When the total number of Judges is inferieur a onze, sept Juges constituent le less than eleven, seven judges form a quorum necessaire. quorum. Article 57. Article 57. Deux ans avant 1 'expiration de chaque Two years before the expiry of each periode visee par les alineas 1 et 2 de period referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 F Article 55, chaque Puissance Contractante of Article 55, any Contracting Power may pourra demander une modification des dis- demand a modification of the provisions positions de l'Article 15 et du tableau y of Article 15 and of the annexed Table, as annexe, relativement a sa participation au regards its participation in the composi- fonctionnement de la Cour. La demande tion of the Court. The demand shall be sera adressee au Conseil Administratif, addressed to the Administrative Council, qui l'examinera et soumettra a toutes les which will examine it and submit to all Puissances des propositions sur la suite a y the Powers proposals as to the measures donner. Les Puissances feront, dans le to be adopted. The Powers shall inform plus bref delai possible, connaitre leur the Administrative Council of their decision resolution au Conseil Administratif. Le with the least possible delay. The result resultat sera immediatement, et au moins shall be communicated at once, and one un an et trente jours avant 1 'expiration du year and thirty days at least before the dit delai de deux ans, communique a la expiry of the said period of two years, to Puissance qui a fait la demande. the Power which made the demand., Le cas echeant, les modifications adoptees In such circumstances, the modifications par les Puissances entreront en vigueur des adopted by the Powers shall come into le commencement de la nouvelle periode. force from the commencement of the fresh period. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries revetu la presente Convention de leurs have appended their signatures to the signatures. present Convention. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en Done at The Hague, the 18th October, un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans 1907, in a single original, which shall re- 116 les archives du G-ouvernement des Pays- main deposited in the archives of the Nether- Bas, et dont des copies, certifiers conforraes, land Government, and duly certified copies seront remises par la voie diplomatique of which shall be sent, through the diplo- aux Puissances designees a 1' Article 15. et matic channel, to the powers designated dans son annexe. in Article 15 and in the table annexed. Annex to Article 15. Distribution des Juges et Juges Sup- Distribution of Judges and Deputy Judges, pleants par Pays pour chaque Annee ae by Countries for each Year of the period la p^riode de Six Ans. of Six Years. Juges. Juges Suppleants. Judges. Deputy Judges* Premiere Annee. First Tear. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Argentine Colombie Espagne Grece Norvege ... Pays-Bas Turquie ... Paraguay. Bolivie. Espagne. Roumanie. Suede. Belgique. Perse. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Argentina Colombia Spain Greece ... Norway ... Netherlands Turkey Paraguay. Bolivia. Spain. Roumania. Sweden. Belgium. Persia. Deuxieme Annee. Second Year. i 2 3 4 5 6 7 Argentine Espagne ... Grece Norvege ... Pays-Bas Turquie ... Uruguay... Panama. Espagne. Roumanie. Suede. Belgique. Luxembourg. Costa-Rica. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Argentina Spain Greece Norway ... Netherlands " ... Turkey ... Uruguay ... Panama. Spain. Roumania. Sweden. Belgium Luxemburg. Costa Rica. Troisieme Annee. Third Year. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Br^sil ... Chine ... Espagne Pays-Bas Roumanie Suede ... Venezuela Dominicaine. Turquie. Portugal. Suisse. Grece. Danemark. Haiti. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Brazil China Spain Netherlands Roumania Sweden Venezuela Santo Domingo- Turkey. Portugal. Switzerland. Greece. Denmark. Haiti. Quatrieme Annee. Fourth Year. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bresil Chine Espagne Perou Roumanie Suede Suisse Guatemala. Turquie. Portugal. Honduras. Grece. Danemark. Pays-Bas. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Brazil China Spain Peru Roumania Sweden ... Switzerland Guatemala. Turkey. Portugal. Honduras. Greece. Denmark. Netherlands. Cinquieme Annee. Fifth Year. i 2 3 4 5 6 7 Belgique Bulgarie... Chili Danemark Mexique... Perse Portugal Pays-Bas. Montenegro. Nicaragua. Norvege. Cuba. .Chine. Espagne. 1 2 3 4 5 b' 7 Belgium Bulgaria ... Chile Denmark Mexico ... Persia Portugal Netherlands.. Montenegro. Nicaragua. Norway. Cuba. China . Spain. Sixieme Annee. Sixth Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Belgique Chili Danemark Mexique... Portugal... Serbie Siam Pays-Bas. Salvador. Norvege. Equateur. Espagne. Bulgarie. Chine. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Belgium... Chile Denmark Mexico Portugal Servia Siam N etherlands. Salvador. Norway. Ecuador. Spain. Bulgaria. China. 117 No. 13. Convention concernant les Droits et les Devoirs des Puissances Neutres en cas cle Guerre Maritime. (Translation.) Convention respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in Maritime "War. SA Majeste l'Empereur d'Allemagne, Roi -de Prusse ; le President des Etats-Unis -d'Amerique ; le President de la Repu- blique Argentine ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur d'Autriche, Roi de BoMme, &c, et Roi Apostolique de Hongrie ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Beiges ; le President de la Republique -de Bolivie ; le President de la Republique des Etats-Unis du Bresil ; Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Bulgarie ; le President de la Republique de Chili ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Chine ; le President de la Republique de Colombie ; le Gouverneur Provisoire de la Republique de Cuba ; Sa Majeste" le Roi de Danemark ; le President de la Republique Dominicaine ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de l'Equateur ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'Espagne ; le President de la Republique Franchise ; Sa Majeste le Roi du Royaume-Uni de Grande -Bretagne £t d'Irlande et des Territoires Britanniques ^u dela des Mers, Empereur des Indes ; Sa Majeste le Roi des Hellenes ; le Presi- dent de la Republique de Guatemala ; le President de la Republique d'Ha'iti ; Sa Majeste le Roi d'ltalie ; Sa Majeste l'Em- pereur du Japon ; Son Altesse Royale le Grand-Due de Luxembourg, Due de Nassau ; le President des Etats-Unis Mexicai v ■Son Altesse Royale le Prince de Monten . o ; le President de la Republique de Nicaragua ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Norvege ; le President de la Republique de Panama ; le President de la Republique du Paraguay ; Sa Majeste la.Reine des Pays-Bas ; le President de la Republique du Perou ; Sa Majeste Imperiale le Schah de Perse ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Portugal et des Algarves, &c. ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Roumanie ; Sa Majeste l'Empereur de Toutes les Russies ; le President de la Republique du Salvador ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Serbie ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Siam ; Sa Majeste le Roi de Suede ; le Conseil Federal Suisse *•' Sa' J Majeste l'Empereur des Ottomans ; le President de la Repu- blique Orientale de l'Uruguay ; le President des Etats-Unis de Venezuela : HIS Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ; the President of the United States of America ; the President of the Argentine Republic ; His Majesty the Em- peror of Austria, King of Bohemia, &c, and Apostolic King of Hungary ; His Majesty the King of the Belgians ; the President of the Republic of Bolivia ; the President of the Republic of the United States of Brazil ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Bulgaria; the President of the Republic of Chile ; His Majesty the Emperor of China ; the President of the Republic of Colombia ; the Provisional Governor of the Republic of Cuba ; His Majesty the King of Denmark ; the President of the Dominican Republic ; the President of the Republic of Ecuador ; His Majesty the King of Spain ; the Presi- dent of the French Republic ; His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India ; His Majesty the King of the Hel- lenes ; the President of the Republic of Guatemala ; the President of the Republic of Haiti ; His Majesty the King of Italy ; His Majesty the Emperor of Japan ; His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Luxem- burg, Duke of Nassau ; the President of the United States of Mexico ; His Royal Highness the Prince of Montenegro ; the President of the Republic of Nicaragua ; His Majesty the King of Norway ; the President of the Republic of Panama ; the President of the Republic of Paraguay ; Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands ; the President of the Republic of Peru ; Hij3 Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia ; Hip Majesty the King of Portugal and of the Algarves, &c. ; His Majesty the King of ■Roumania ; His Majesty the Emperor of All the Russias ; the President of the Republic of Salvador ; His Majesty the King of Servia ; His Majesty the King of Siam ; His Majesty the King of Sweden ; the Swiss Federal Council ; His Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans ; the President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; the President of the United States of Vene- zuela : 118 En vue de diminuer les divergences d'opinion qui, en cas de guerre maritime, existent encore au sujet des rapports entre les Puissances neutres et les Puissances belligerantes, et de prevenir les difficult^ auxquelles ces divergences pourraient donner lieu ; Considerant que, si Ton ne peut con- certer des maintenant des stipulations s'etendant a toutes les circonstances qui peuvent se presenter dans la pratique, il y a n&nmoins une utilite" incontestable a ^tablir, dans la mesure du possible, des regies communes pour le cas ou malheu- reusement la guerre viendrait a eclater ; Considerant que, pour les cas non prevus par la presente Convention, il y a lieu de tenir compte des principes g^n^raux du droit des gens ; Considerant qu'il est desirable que les Puissances edictent des prescriptions pre- cises pour regler les consequences de l'etat de neutralite qu'elles auraient adopte ; Considerant que c'est, pour les Puissances neutres, un devoir reconnu d'appliquer impartialement aux divers belligerants les regies adoptees par elles ; Considerant que, dans cet ordre d'idees, ces regies ne devraient pas, en principe, etre changees, au cours de la guerre, par une Puissance neutre, sauf dans le cas ou 1'expeVience acquise en d^montrerait la n^cessite pour la sauvegarde de ses droits ; Sont convenus d'observer les regies com- munes suivantes, qui ne sauraient, d'ail- leurs, porter aucune atteinte aux stipula- tions des Traites generaux existants, et ont nomme pour leurs Pl^nipotentiaires, savoir : [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Lesquels, apres avoir depose leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouv^s en bonne et due forme, sont convenus des dispositions suivantes : — Article 1. Les belligerants sont tenus de respecter les droits souverains des Puissances neutres et de s'abstenir, dans le territoire ou les eaux neutres, de tous actes qui consti- tueraient de la part des Puissances qui les tolereraient un manquement a leur neutralite. Article 2. Tous actes d'hostilite, y compris la cap- ture et l'exercice du droit de visite, commis par des vaisseaux de guerre belligerants dans les eaux territoriales d'une Puissance neutre, constituent une violation de la neu- tralite et sont strictement interdits. With a view to harmonizing the diver- gent views which still exist as to the relations between neutral Powers and belligerent Powers, in the case of naval war, and with a view to providing for the difficulties to which such divergence of views might give rise ; Whereas, even if at present measures cannot be framed applicable to all circum* stances which may arise in practice, there is nevertheless an undeniable advantage in framing, as far as may be possible, rules of general application to meet the case of war having unfortunately broken out ; Whereas, in cases not covered by the present Convention, account must be taken of the general principles of the law of nations ; Whereas, it is desirable that the Powers should issue detailed enactments specify^ in'g the consequences of the status of neutrality whenever adopted by them ; Whereas, there is a recognised obliga- tion on neutral Powers to apply to the several belligerents impartially the rules they have adopted ; and Whereas, it is in conformity with these ideas that these rules should not, in prin- ciple, be altered, in the course of the war, by a neutral Power, except in a case where experience has shown that such change is necessary for the protection of the rights of that Power ; Have agreed to observe the follow- ing rules of general application, 1 which are not meant, however, to modify pro- visions of existing general Treaties, and have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say : — [Names of Plenipotentiaries.] Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following provisions : — Article 1. Belligerents are bound to respect the sovereign rights of neutral Powers and to abstain, in neutral territory or neutral waters, from any act which would, if knowingly permitted by any Power, con- stitute a violation of neutrality. Article 2. Any act of hostility, including therein capture and the exercise of the right of search, committed by belligerent war- ships in the territorial waters of a neutral Power, constitutes a violation of neutrality and is strictly forbidden. 119 Article 3. Article 3. Quand un navire a ete .capture dans les When a ship has been captured in the- eaux territoriales d'une Puissance neutre territorial waters of a neutral Power, mck cette Puissance doit, si ]a prise est encore Power must, if the prize is still within dans sa juridiction, user des moyens dont its jurisdiction, employ the means at itfj elle dispose pour que la prise soit relachxte disposal to release the prize with its officers avec ses officiers et son equipage, et pour and crew, and to intern the prize crew, que l'equipage mis a bord par le capteur soit interne. Si la prise est hors de la juridiction de If the prize is not within the jurisdiction la Puissance neutre, le Gouvernement 6ts ulterieurs de ratifications se feront au moyen d'une notification ecrite, tidressee au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et accompagnee de l'instrument de ratifica- tion. Copie certified conforme du proces-verbal Te'latif au premier .de\p6t de ratifications, The officers and crew so detained may be left in the ship or kept either on another vessel or on land, and may be subjected to such restrictions as it may appear necessary to impose upon them. A sufficient number of men must, however, be always left on board for looking after the vessel. The officers may be left at liberty on giving their word not to quit the neutral territory without permission. Article 25. A neutral Power is bound to exercise such vigilance as the means at its disposal permit to prevent any violation of the provisions of the above Articles occurring in its ports or roadsteads or in its waters. Article 26. The exercise by a neutral Power of the rights laid down in the present Convention can under no circumstances be considered as an unfriendly act by one or other belligerent who has accepted the Articles relating thereto. Article 27. The Contracting Powers shall com- municate to each other in due course all statutes, orders, and other enactments defining in their respective countries the situation of belligerent war- ships in their ports and waters, by means of a com- munication addressed to the Government of the Netherlands, and forwarded imme- diately by that Government to the other Contracting Powers. Article 28. The provisions of the present Conven- tion do not apply except to the Contracting Powers, and then only if all the belligerents are parties to the Convention. Article 29. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. The first deposit of ratifications shall be recorded in a Protocol signed by the Eepresentatives of the Powers which take part therein and by the Netherland Minister for Foreign Affairs. The subsequent deposits of ratifications shall be made by means of a written notification addressed to the -Netherland Government and accompanied by the instrument of ratification. A duly certified copy of the Protocol relating to the first deposit of ratifications, 124 des notifications mentionn^es a l'alinea precedent, ainsi que des instruments de ratification, sera immediatement remise par les soins du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et par la voie diplomatique aux Puissances convives a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix, ainsi qu'aux autres Puissances qui auront adhere a la Convention. Dans les cas vises par l'alinea precedent, le dit Gouvernement leur fera connaitre en me"me temps la date a laquelle il a recu la notifi- cation. Aeticle 30. Les Puissances non-Signataires sont admises a adherer a la presente Conven- tion. La Puissance qui desire adherer notifie par ecrit son intention au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas en lui transmettant l'acte d'adhesion, qui sera depose dans les archives du dit Gouvernement. Ce Gouvernement transmettra imme- diatement a toutes les autres Puissances copie certifiee conforme de la notification ainsi que de l'acte d'adhesion, en indiquant la date a laquelle il a rec,u la notification. Article 31. La presente Convention produira effet pour les Puissances qui auront participe au premier depdt des ratifications, soixante jours apres la date du proces-verbal de ce dep6t et, pour les Puissances qui ratifieront ulterieurement ou qui adbereront, soixante jours apres que la notification de leur ratification ou de leur adhesion aura etc" reque par le Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 32. S'il arrivait qu'une des Puissances Con- tractantes voulut d^noncer la presente Convention, la denonciation sera notified par £crit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui communiquera immediatement copie certifieV conforme de la notification a toutes les autres Puissances en leur faisant savoir la date a laquelle il l'a reque. La denonciation ne produira ses effets qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura notifiee et un an apres que la notification en sera parvenue au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas. Article 33. [Jn registre tenu par le Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres des Pays- Bas indiquera la date du dep6t de ratifications effectue en vertu de 1' Article 29, alineas 3 et 4, ainsi que la date a laquelle auront ete reques les of the notifications mentioned in the pre- ceding paragraph, and of the instruments- of ratification, shall be immediately sent by the Netherland Government, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers invited to the Second Peace Conference, as well as to the other Powers which have acceded to the Convention. The said Government shall, in the cases con- templated in the preceding paragraph,, inform them at the same time of the date on which it received the notification. Article 30. Non- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Convention. A Power which desires to accede notifies its intention in writing to the Netherland Government, forwarding to it the act of accession, which shall be de- posited in the archives of the said Govern- ment. The said Government shall immediately forward to all the other Powers a duly certified copy .of the notification as well as of the act of accession, mentioning the date on which it received the notification. Article 31. The present Convention shall take effect, in the case of the Powers which were parties to the first deposit of the ratifica- tions, sixty days after the date of the Protocol recording such deposit, and, in the case of the Powers which shall ratify subsequently or which shall accede, sixty days after the notification of their ratifica- tion or of their accession has been received by the Netherland Government. Article 32. In the event of one of the Contracting Powers wishing to denounce the present Convention, the denunciation shall, be notified in writing to the Netherland Government, which shall immediately communicate a duly certified copy of the notification to all the other Powers, inform- ing them of the date on which it was received. The denunciation shall only operate in respect of the denouncing Power, and only on the expiry of one year after the notifica- tion has reached the Netherland Govern- ment. Article 33. A register kept by the Netherland Minis- try for Foreign Affairs shall record the date of the deposit of ratifications effected in virtue of Article 29, paragraphs 3 and 4, as- well as the date on which the notifications of 125 notifications d'adh&sion 30, (Article alinea 2) accession (Article 30, paragraph 2) or of ■ou de denonciation (Article 32, alinea 1). denunciation (Article 32, paragraph 1) have been received. Chaque Puissance Contractante est Each Contracting Power is entitled to admise a prendre connaissance de ce have access to this register and to be registre et a en demander des extraits supplied with duly certified extracts from certifies conformes. it. En foi de quoi les Pl^nipotentiaires ont In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries revStu la presente Convention de leurs have appended their signatures to the signatures. present Convention. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul fexemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas, et dont cles copies, certifiers conformes, seront remises par la voie diplomatique -aux Puissances qui ont ete conviees a la Deuxieme Conference de la Paix. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to the Powers which have been invited to the Second Peace Conference. 126 Declaration relative a l'lnterdic- tion de lancer des Projectiles et des Explosifs du Haut de Ballons. LES Soussignes, Plenipotentiaires des Puissances conviees a la Deuxieme Con- ference Internationale de la Paix a La Haye, diiment autorises a cet effet par leurs Gouvernements, s'inspirant des sentiments qui ont trouve" leur expression dans la Declaration de Saint-Petersbourg du 29 Novembre (11 D^cembre), 1868, et desirant renouveler la Declaration de La Haye du 29 Juillet, 1899, arrivee k expiration, Declarent : Les Puissances Contractantes consentent, pour une periode allant jusqu'a la fin de la Troisieme Conference de la Paix, k l'interdiction de lancer des projectiles et des explosifs du haut de ballons ou par d'autres modes analogues nouveaux. La presente Declaration n'est obligatoire que pour les Puissances Contractantes, en cas de guerre entre deux ou plusieurs d'entre elles. Elle cessera d'etre obligatoire du moment ou, dans une guerre entre des Puissances Contractantes, une Puissance non-Con- tractante se joindrait a 1'un des belligerants. La presente Declaration sera ratifiee dans le plus bref delai possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. II sera dresse du dep6t des ratifications un proces -verbal, dont une copie, certified conforme, sera remise par la voie diploma- tique a toutes les Puissances Contractantes. Les Puissances non-Signataires pourront adherer a la presente Declaration. Elles auront, k cet effet, a faire connaitre leur adhesion aux Puissances Contractantes, au moyen d'une notification ecrite, adress^e au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et commu- niquee par celui-ci k toutes les autres Puissances Contractantes. S'il arrivait qu'une des Hautes Parties Contractantes denoncat la presente Declara- tion, cette d^nonciation ne produirait ses effets qu'un an apres la notification faite par ecrit au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas et communiquee immediatement par celui-ci a toutes les autres Puissances Contractantes. (Translation.) Declaration prohibiting the Dis- charge of Projectiles and Ex- plosives from Balloons. THE Undersigned, Plenipotentiaries of the Powers invited to the Seoorad Inter- national Peace Conference at The" Hague, duly authorized to that effect by their Governments, inspired by the sentiments which found expression in the Declaration of St. Petersburg of the 29th November (11th December), 1868, and being desirous of renewing the Declaration of The Hague of the 29th July, 1899, which has now expired, Declare : The Contracting Powers agree to pro- hibit, for a period extending to the close of the Third Peace Conference, the dis- charge of projectiles and explosives from balloons or by other new methods of a similar nature. The present Declaration is only binding on the Contracting Powers in case of war between two or more of them. It shall cease to be binding from the moment when, in a war between the Con- tracting Powers, one of the belligerents is joined by a non-Contracting Power. The present Declaration shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague. A Protocol shall be drawn up recording the receipt of the ratifications, of which a duly certified copy shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to all the Con- tracting Powers. Non- Signatory Powers may accede to the present Declaration. To do so, they must make known their accession to the Contracting Powers by means of a written notification, addressed to the Netherland Government, and communicated by it to all the other Contracting Powers. In the event of one of the High Con- tracting Parties denouncing the present Declaration, such denunciation shall only operate on the expiry of one year after the notification made in writing to the Nether- land Government, and forthwith communi- cated by it to all the other Contracting Powers. 127 Cette denonciation ne produira ses effets This denunciation shall only operate in qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui l'aura respect of the denouncing Power, notified. En foi de quoi les Plenipotentiaires ont In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries rev6tu la presente Declaration de leurs have appended their signatures to the signatures. present Declaration. Fait a La Haye, le 18 Octobre, 1907, en un seul exemplaire, qui restera depose dans les archives du Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, et dont des copies, certifiers con- formes, seront remises par la voie diplo- matique aux Puissances Contractantes. Done at The Hague, the 18th October, 1907, in a single original, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Netherland Government, and of which duly certified copies shall be sent, through the diplomatic channel, to the Contracting Powers. 28 H 128 ANNEXE AU PREMIER VCEU EMIS PAR LA DEITXIEME CONFERENCE DE LA PAIX (seep. 15). (Translation.) Projet d'une Convention relative Draft Convention relative to the a TEtablissement d'une Cour de Creation of a Judicial Arbitra- Justice Arbitrale. tion Court. Titre I. Organisation de la Cour de Justice Arbitrale. Article 1. DANS le but de faire progresser la •cause de l'arbitrage, les Puissances Con- tractantes conviennent d'organiser, sans porter atteinte a la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, une Cour de Justice Arbi- trale, d'un acces libre et facile, r^unissant des Juges representant les divers systemes juridiques du monde, et capable d'assurer la continuite de la jurisprudence arbitrale. Article 2. La Cour de Justice Arbitrale se com- pose de Juges et de Juges Suppleants choisis parmi les personnes jouissant de la plus haute consideration morale et qui tous devront remplir les conditions re- quises, dans leurs pays respectifs, pour 1'admission dans la haute magistrature ou 6tre des jurisconsultes d'une competence notoire en matiere de droit international. Les Juges et les Juges Suppleants de le Cour sont choisis, autant que possible, parmi les membres de la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage. Le choix sera fait dans les six mois qui suivront la ratification de la presente Convention. Article 3. Les Juges et les Juges Suppleants sont nommes pour une periode de douze ans a compter de la date ou la nomination aura ete notified au Conseil Administratif in- stitue par la Convention pour le Regle- ment Pacifique des Conflits Internationaux. Leur mandat peut &tve renouvele. En cas de deces ou de demission d'un Juge ou d'un Juge Suppleant, il est pourvu a son remplacement selon le mode fixe" pour sa nomination. Dans ce cas, la nomination est faite pour une nouvelle periode de douze ans. Part I. Constitution of the Judicial Arbitration Court. Article 1. WITH the view of promoting the cause of arbitration, the Contracting Powers agree to constitute, without derogation to the Permanent Court of Arbitration, a Judicial Arbitration Court, of free and unrestricted access, composed of Judges re- presenting the various juridical systems of the world, and capable of insuring con- tinuity in the jurisprudence of arbitration. Article 2. The Judicial Arbitration Court is com- posed of Judges and Deputy Judges chosen from persons of the highest moral reputa- tion, and all fulfilling conditions qualifying them, in their respective countries, to occupy high legal posts, or as jurists of recognized competence in matters of inter- national law. The Judges and Deputy Judges of the Court are appointed, as far as possible, from the members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration. The appointment shall be made within six months after the ratifi- cation of the present Convention. Article 3. The Judges and Deputy Judges are appointed for a period of twelve years, reckoned from the date on which the ap- pointment is notified to the Administra- tive Council created by the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. Their appointments can be renewed. Should one of the Judges, or Deputy Judges, die or resign, the same procedure is followed in filling the vacancy as was followed in appointing him. In this case, the appointment is made for a fresh period of twelve years. 129 Akticle 4. Les Juges de la Cour de Justice Arbi- trate sont egaux entre eux et prennent rang d'apres la date de la notification de leur nomination. La preseance appartient au plus age, au cas ou la date est la m&me. Les Juges Suppleants sont, pans l'exer- cice de leurs fonctions, assimites aux Juges Titulaires. Toutefois, ils prennent rang apres ceux-ci. Article 5. Les Juges jouissent des privileges et immunites diplomatiques dans I'exercice de leurs fonctions et en dehors de leurs pays. Avant de prendre possession de leur siege, les Juges et les Juges Suppleants doivent, devant le Conseil Administrate, prater serment ou faire une aflirmation solennelle d'exercer leurs fonctions avec impartiality et en toute conscience. Article 6. La Cour designe annuellement trois Juges qui forment une delegation speciale et trois autres destines a les remplacer en cas d'empfohement. Ils peuvent 6tre reelus. L'election se fait au scrutin de liste. _ Sont considered comme elus ceux qui reunissent le plus grand nombre de voix. La delega- tion elit elle-m6me son President, qui, a d^faut d'une majorite, est designe par le sort. Un membre de la delegation ne peut exercer ses fonctions quand la Puissance qui l'a nomine, ou dont il est le national, est une des parties. Les membres de la delegation terminent les affaires qui leur ont ete soumises, m^me au cas ou la periode pour laquelle ils ont ^te nommes Juges serait expiree. Article 7. L'exercice des fonctions judiciaires est interdit au Juge dans les affaires au sujet desauelles il aura, a un titre quelconque, concouru a la decision d'un Tribunal National, d'un Tribunal d' Arbitrage, ou d'une Commission d'Enqu6te, ou figure dans l'instance comme conseil ou avocat d'une partie. Aucun Juge ne peut intervenir comme agent ou comme avocat devant la Cour de Justice Arbitrale oU la Cour Permanente d'Arbitrage, devant un Tribunal Special d' Arbitrage ou une Commission d'Enquete, ni y agir pour une partie en quelque qualite que ce soit, pendant toute la duree de son mandat. 2814 Article 4. The Judges of the Judicial Arbitration Court are equal amongst themselves, and have precedence according to the date of the notification of their appointment. The Judge who is senior in point of age takes precedence when the date of notification is the same. The Deputy Judges when acting are in the same position as the Judges. They rank, however, after the latter. Article 5. The Judges enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities in the performance of their duties, and when outside their own country. Before taking their seat, the Judges and Deputy Judges shall take an oath, before the Administrative Council, or make a solemn affirmation to discharge their duties impartially and conscientiously. Article 6. The Court annually nominates three Judges to form a special delegation and three more to replace them if the former are unable to act. They are eligible for' re-election. The election is by ballot. The persons who secure the largest number of votes are considered elected. The delegation elects its own President, who, in default of a majority, is appointed by lot. A member of the delegation cannot act when the power which appointed him^ or to which he belongs, is one of the parties. The members of the delegation shall wind up the business submitted to them,, even if the period for which they have been appointed Judges has expired. Article 7. A Judge may not act judicially in any case in which he has, in any way whatever,, taken part in the decision of a National Tribunal, of a Tribunal of Arbitration, or of a Commission of Inquiry, or has figured in the suit as counsel or advocate for one of the parties. A Judge cannot act as agent or advocate before the Judicial Arbitration Court or the Permanent Court of Arbitration, before a Special Tribunal of Arbitration or a Com- mission of Inquiry, nor act therein for one of the parties in any capacity whatsoever^ so long as his appointment lasts. R 2 130 Article 8. Le Cour elit son President et son Vice- President a la majority absolue des suffrages exprimes. Apres deux tours de scrutin, Selection se fait a la majority relative et, en cas de partage des voix, le sort decide. Article 9. Les Juges de la Cour de Justice Arbi- trate reqqivent une indemnite annuelle de 6,000 florins Neerlandais. Cette indemnite est payee a l'expiration de chaque semestre a dater du jour de la premiere reunion de la Cour. Pendant l'exercice de leurs fonctions au cours des sessions ou dans les cas sp^ciaux prevus par la presente Convention, ils touchent une somme de 100 florins par jour. II leur est alloue, en outre, une in- demnity de voyage fixee d'apres le Regle- ments de leur pays. Les dispositions du present alin^a s'appliquent aussi aux Juges Suppleants remplaqant les Juges. Ces allocations, comprises dans les frais generaux de la Cour, prevus par l'Article 33, sont versees par l'entremise du Bureau International institue par la Convention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Conflits Internationaux. Article 10. Les Juges ne peuvent recevoir de leur propre Gouvernement ou de celui d'une autre Puissance aucune remuneration pour des services rentrant dans leurs devoirs <;omme membres de la Cour. Article 11. La Cour de Justice Arbitrate a son siege a La Haye et ne peut, sauf le cas de force majeure, le transporter ailleurs. La delegation peut, avec l'assentiment des parties, choisir un autre lieu pour ses reunions si des circonstances particulieres 1'exigent. Article 12. Le Conseil Administratif replit a l'egard de la Cour de Justice Arbitrate les fonctions qu'il remplit a l'6gard de la Cour Perma- nente d' Arbitrage. Article 13. La Bureau International sert de greffe a la Cour de Justice Arbitrate et doit mettre ses locaux et son organisation a la disposition de la Cour. II a la garde des archives et la gestion des affaires adminis- tratives. Article 8. The Court elects its President and Vice- President by an absolute majority of the votes cast. After two ballots, the election is made by a bare majority and, in case the votes are equal, by lot. Article 9. The Judges of the Judicial Arbitration Court receive an annual salary of 6,000 ISTetherland florins. This salary is paid at the end of each half-year, reckoned from the date on which the Court meets for the first time. In the exercise of their duties during the sessions or in the special cases covered by the present Convention, they receive the sum of 100 florins per diem. They are further entitled to receive a travelling allowance fixed in accordance with the Regulations existing in their own country. The provisions of the present paragraph are applicable also to a Deputy Judge when acting for a Judge. These emoluments are included in the general expenses of the Court dealt with in Article 33, and are paid through the International Bureau created by the Con- vention for the Pacific Settlement of Inter- national Disputes. Article 10. The Judges may not accept from their own Government or from that of any other Power any remuneration for services con- nected with their duties in their capacity of members of the Court. Article 11. The seat of the Judicial Arbitration Court is at The Hague, and cannot be transferred elsewhere, except in circum- stances beyond its control. The delegation may choose, with the assent of the parties concerned, another place of meeting, if special circumstances render such a step necessary. Article 12. The Administrative Council fulfils the same functions with regard to the Judicial Arbitration Court as with regard to the Permanent Court of Arbitration. Article 13. The International Bureau acts as registry to the Judicial Arbitration Court, and shall place its offices and staff at the dis- posal of the Court. It has the custody of the archives and carries out the adminis- trative work. 131 Le Secretaire-General du Bureau remplit les fonctions de Greffier. Les secretaries adjoints au Greffier, les traducteurs, et les stenographes necessaires sont designes et assermentes par la Cour. Article 14. La Cour se reunit en session une fois par an. La session commence le troisieme Mercredi de Juin et dure tant que l'ordre du jour n'aura pas ete epuise. La Cour ne se reunit pas en session, si la delegation estime que cette reunion n'est pas necessaire. Toiitefois, si une Puis- sance est partie a un litige actuellement pendant devant la Cour et dont l'instruc- tion est terminee ou va &tre terminee, elle a le droit' d'exiger que la session ait lieu. En cas de necessity, la delegation peut convoquer la Cour en session extra- ordinaire. Article 15. Un compte rendu des travaux de la 'Cour sera dresseV chaque annee par la delegation. Ce compte rendu sera trans - mis aux Puissances Contractantes par l'intermediaire du Bureau International. II sera communique aussi a tous les Juges et Juges Suppleants de la Cour. The Secretary-General of the Bureau acts as Registrar. The necessary secretaries to assist the Registrar, translators and shorthand writers are appointed and sworn in by the Court. Article 14. The Court meets in session once a year. The session opens the third Wednesday in June and lasts till all the business on the agenda has been transacted. The Court does not meet in session if the delegation considers that such meeting is unnecessary. A Power may insist that the session shall be held if it is party in a case actually pending before the Court, the pleadings in which are closed, or about to be closed. When necessary, the delegation may summon the Court in extraordinary session. Article 15. A Report of the work of the Court shall be drawn up every year by the delegation. This Report shall be for- warded to the Contracting Powers through the International Bureau. It shall also be communicated to the Judges and Deputy Judges of the Court. Article 16. Article 16. Les Juges et les Juges Suppleants, The Judges and Deputy Judges of membres de la Cour de Justice Arbitrale, the Judicial Arbitration Court may also peuvent aussi etre nommes aux tonctions be appointed Judges and Deputy Judges de Juge et de Juge Suppleant dans la in the International Prize Court. Cour Internationale des Prises. Titre II. Part II. Competence et Procedure. Jurisdiction and Procedure. Article 17. La Cour de Justice Arbitrale est com- petente pour tous les cas qui sont portes devant elle, en vertu d'une stipulation generate d'arbitrage ou d'un accord special. Article 18. La delegation est competente — 1. Pour juger les cas d'arbitrage vises a l'Article precedent, si les parties sont d'accord pour reclamer Impli- cation de la procedure sommaire, reglee au Titre IV, Chapitre IV, de la Convention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Conflits Internation- aux : Article 17. The Judicial Arbitration Court can deal with all cases submitted to it, in virtue either of a general undertaking to have recourse to arbitration or of a special agreement. Article 18. The delegation can — 1. Decide the cases of arbitration referred to in the preceding Article, if the parties agree upon the application of the summary procedure, laid down in Part IV, Chapter IV, of the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Dis- putes ; 132 2. Pour proceder a un enqu&e en vertu et en conformite du Titre III de la dite Convention en tant que la delegation en est charged par les parties agissant d'un commun accord. Avec l'assentiment des parties et par derogation a l'Ar- ticle 7, alinea 1, les membres de la delegation ayant pris part a l'enqu^te peuvent singer comme Juges, si le litige est soumis a l'arbitrage de la Cour ou de la delegation elle-me'me. Article 19. La delegation est, en outre, competente pout l'etablissement du Compromis vise par l'Article 52 de la Convention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Conflits Inter- nationaux, si les parties sont d'accord pour s'en remettre a la Cour. Elle est egalement competente, meme si la demande est faite seulement par l'une des parties, apres qu'en accord par la voie diplomatique a ete vainement essays, quand il s'agit — 1. D'un differend rentrant dans un Traite dArbitrage general conclu ou renouveie apres la mise en vigueur ce cette Convention et qui prevoit pour chaque differend un Compromis, et n'exclut pour l'etablissement de ce dernier ni explicitement ni implicitement la competence de la delegation. Toutefois, le recours a la Cour n'a pas lieu si l'autre partie declare qu'a son avis le differend n'ap- partient pas a la categorie des questions a soumettre k un arbi- trage obligatoire, a moins que le Traite d' Arbitrage ne confere au Tribunal Arbitral le pouvoir de decider cette question prealable. 2. D'un differend provenant de dettes contractuelles redamees a une Puis- sance par une autre Puissance comme dues k ses nationaux, et pour la solution duquel l'offre d'arbitrage a ete acceptee. Cette disposition n'est pas applicable si l'acceptation a ete subordonnee k la condition que le Compromis soie etabli selon un autre mode. Article 20. Chacune des parties a le droit de designer un Juge de la Cour pour prendre part, avec voix deliberative, a l'examen de l'affaire soumise k la delegation. Si la delegation fonctionne en qualite de Commission d'Enqu&e, ce mandat peut 2. Hold an enquiry under and in ; accordance with Part III of the- said Convention, in so far as such an inquiry is entrusted to the dele- gation by the joint accord of the parties. With the assent of the parties, and as an exception to Article 7, paragraph 1, the members of the delegation who have taken part in the inquiry : may sit as Judges, if the case in dispute is submitted to the arbi- tration of the Court or of the delegation itself. Article 19. The delegation can also settle the Compromis referred to in Article 52 of. the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes if the parties are agreed to have recourse to the Court for the purpose. It can also do so, even if the request is only made by one of the parties, when all attempts to reach an understanding through the diplomatic channel have failed in the case of — 1. A dispute covered by a general Treaty of Arbitration concluded or renewed after the present Convention has come into force, and providing for a Compromis in all disputes, and not either explicitly or implicitly ex- cluding the settlement of the Com- promis from the jurisdiction of the-, delegation. Recourse cannot, how- ever, be had to the Court if the other party declares that in its v opinion the dispute does not belong to the category of questions which can be submitted to obligatory arbitration, unless the Treaty of Arbitration confers upon the Arbi- tration Tribunal the power of deciding this preliminary question. 2. A dispute arising from contract debts claimed from one Power by another Power as due to its subjects or citizens, and for the settlement of' which the offer of arbitration has , been accepted. This provision is not applicable if the acceptance is subject to the condition that the Compromis should be settled in some other way. Article 2(X Each of the parties concerned may nominate a Judge of the Court to take part, with power to vote, in the examination of the case submitted to the delegation. If the Delegation acts as a Commission of Enquiry, this task may be entrusted to 133 ■£tre confix a des personnes prises en dehors •des Juges de la Cour. Les frais de deplace- ment et la retribution a allouer aux dites .personnes sont fixes et supportes par les Puissances qui les oht nommfe. Article 21. L'accesldefla Cour de Justice Arbitrale, institute par la presente Convention, n'est ouvert qu'aux Puissances Contractantes. Article 22. La Cour de Justice Arbitrale suit les regies de procedure edictees par la Con- vention pour le Reglement Pacifique des Conflits Internationaux, sauf ce qui est prescrit par la presente Convention. Article 23. La Cour decide du choix de la langue -dont elle fera usage et des langues dont l'emploi sera autorise devant elle. Article 24. . "Le Bureau International sert d'inter- mediaire pour toutes les communications .a faire aux Juges au cours de l'instruction prevue a r Article 63, alinea 2, de la Con- vention pour le Reglement Pacifique des •Conflits Internationaux. Article 25. Pour toutes les notifications a faire, notamment aux parties, aux temoins, et aux experts, la Cour peut s'adresser directement au Gouvernement de la Puissance sur le territoire de laquelle la notification doit •e'tre effectuee. II en est de m&me s'il s'agit de faire proceder a T^tablissement de tout moyen de preuve. Les requites adressees a cet effet ne peuvent etre refugees que si la Puissance requise les juge de nature a porter atteinte a sa souverainete ou a sa security. S'il -est donne suite a la requite, les frais ne comprennent que les depenses d 'execution reellement effectuees. La Cour a egalement la faculte de re- eourir a l'intermediaire de la Puissance sur le territoire de laquelle elle a son siege. ■ Les notifications a faire aux parties dans le lieu ou siege la Cour peuvent e"tre ■executees par le Bureau International. Article 26. Les d^bats sont diriges par le President ou le Vice-President et, en cas d'absence ou d'einpechement de l'un et de l'autre, par le plus ancien des Juges presents. Le Juge nomine par une des parties ne peut sieger comme President. persons other than the Judges of the Court. The travelling expenses and re- muneration to be given to the said persons are fixed and borne by the Powers ap- pointing them. Article 21. The Contracting Powers alone may have access to the Judicial Arbitration Court set up by the present Convention. Article 22. The Judicial Arbitration Court follows the rules of procedure laid down in the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, except in so far as the procedure is prescribed in the present Convention. Article 23. The Court determines which language it shall use and the languages the employment of which shall be authorized before it. Article 24. The International Bureau serves as channel for all communications which may have to be made to the Judges during the interchange of pleadings provided for in Article 63, paragraph 2, of the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. Article 25. For the service of all notices, in particular on the parties, witnesses, or experts, the Court may apply direct to the Government of the State on the territory of which the service is to be carried out. The same principle applies in the case of steps being taken to procure evidence. Requests for this purpose can only be rejected when the Power applied to considers them calculated to impair its sovereign rights or its safety. If the request is complied with, the fees charged must only comprise the expenses actually incurred. The Court is equally entitled to act through the Power within the territory of which it is meeting. Notices to be given to parties in the place where the Court sits may be served through the International Bureau. Article 26. The discussions are under the direction of the President or Vice-President, or, in case they are absent or cannot act, of the senior Judge present. The Judge appointed by either party cannot preside. 134 Article 27. Les deliberations de la Cour ont lieu a huis clos et restent secretes. Toute decision est prise a la majorite des Juges presents. Si la Cour siege en nombre pair et qu'il y ait partage des voix, la voix du dernier des Juges, dans l'ordre de pre^ance etabli d'apres l'Article 4, alinea 1, ne sera pas compt^e. Article 27. The Court considers its decisions in private, and the proceedings remain secret. All questions are decided by a majority of the Judges present. If the number of Judges is even and equally divided, the vote of the junior Judge, in the order of precedence laid down in Article 4, para- graph 1, is not counted. Article 28. Les arrets de la Cour doivent etre motives. lis mentionnent les noms des Juges qui y ont participe ; ils sont signes par le President et par le Greffier. Article 29. Chaque partie supporte ses propres frais et une part egale des frais speciaux de 1 'instance. Article 30. Les dispositions des Articles 21 a 29 sont appliquees par analogie dans la pro- cedure devant la delegation. Lorsque le droit d adjoindre un membre a la delegation n'a ete exerce que par une seule partie, la voix du membre adjoint n'est pas comptee s'il y a partage de voix. Article 28. The judgment of the Court must state the reasons on which it is based. It recites the names of the Judges taking part in it, and is signed by the President and by the Registrar. Article 29. Each party pays its own costs and an equal share of the costs of the trial. Article 30. The provisions of Articles 21 to 29 are applicable so far as may be to the pro- cedure before the delegation. When the right of adding a member to the delegation has been exercised by one of the parties only, the vote of the additional member is not recorded if the votes are equally divided. Article 31. Les frais generaux de la Cour sont sup- ported par les Puissances Contractantes. Le Conseil Administratif s'adresse aux Puissances pour obtenir les fonds neces- saires au fonctionnement de la Cour. Article 31. The general expenses of the Court are borne by the Contracting Powers. The Administrative Council applies to the Powers to obtain the funds requisite for the working of the Court. Article 32. La Cour fait elle-m^me son Reglement d'ordre interieur, qui doit etre commu- nique" aux Puissances Contractantes. Apres la ratification de la presente Con- vention, la Cour se reunira aussitot que possible pour ^laborer ce Reglement, pour elire le President et le Vice- President, ainsi que pour designer les m'embres de la d&earation. Article 32. The Court itself draws up its own rules of procedure, which must be communicated to the Contracting Powers. After the ratification of the present Convention the Court shall meet as early as possible in order to draw up these rules, to elect the President and Vice- President, and to appoint the members of the delegation. Article 33. La Cour peut proposer des modifications a apporter aux dispositions de la presente Convention qui concernent la procedure. Ces propositions sont communiques par l'intermediaire du Gouvernement des Pays- Bas aux Puissances Contractantes, qui se concerteront sur la suite a y donner. Article 33. The Court may propose modifications in the provisions of the present Convention concerning procedure. These proposals are communicated through the Netherland Government to the Contracting Powers, which will confer together as to the measures to be taken. 185 Titre III. Dispositions Finales. Article 34. La presente Convention sera ratifiee dans le plus bref delai possible. Les ratifications seront deposees a La Haye. II sera dresse du depot de chaque rati- fication un proces-verbal, dont une copie, certifiee conforme, sera remise par la voie diplomatique a toutes les Puissances Signataires. Article 35. La Convention entrera en vigueur six mois apres sa ratification. Elle aura une duree de douze ans, et sera renouvelee tacitement de douze ans en douze ans, sauf denonciation. La denonciation devra etre notifiee, au moins deux ans avant l'expiration de chaque periode, au Gouvernement des Pays-Bas, qui en donnera connaissance aux autres Puissances. La denonciation ne produira effet qu'a l'egard de la Puissance qui 1'aura notifiee. La Convention restera executoire dans les rapports entre les autres Puissances. Part III. Final Provisions. Article 34. The present Convention shall be ratified as soon as possible. The ratifications shall be deposited at The Hague, A Protocol of the deposit of each ratification shall , be drawn up, of which a duly certified copy shall be sent through the diplomatic channel to all the Signatory Powers: Article 35. The Convention shall come into force six months after its ratification. It shall remain in force for twelve years, and shall be tacitly renewed for periods of twelve years, unless denounced. The denunciation must be notified, at least two years before the expiry of each period, to the Netherland Government, which will inform the other Powers. 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Dominicaine Equateur Grece ■Guatemala . . . Perou Salvador Uruguay IV. Allemagne ... Autriche-Hongrie Japon Montenegro... Sous reserve de la Declaration faite dans la seance pleniere de la Conference du 16 Octobre, 1907. Avec reserve sur l'Article 53, alineas 2, 3, et 4. Sous la reserve de la Declaration, formulee a propos de l'Article 39 dans la septieme seance du 7 Octobre de la Premiere Commission. Avec la reserve de l'alinea 2 de l'Article 53. Avec reserve des alineas 3 et 4 de l'Article 48, de l'alinea 2 de l'Article 53 et de l'Article 54. Avec les memes reserves formulees par les Plenipotentiaires Roumains a la signature de la Convention pour le reglement pacifique des conflits internationaux du 29 Juillet, 1899. Sous reserve de l'Article 53, chiffre 2. Sous reserve des Declarations portees au proces-verbal de la neuvieme seance pleniere de la Conference du 16 Octobre, 1907. La Republique Argentine fait les reserves suivantes : — 1. En ce qui concerne les dettes provenant de contrats ordinaires entre le ressortissant d'une nation et un Gouvernement etranger on n'aura recours a l'arbitrage que dans le cas specifique de deni de justice par les juridictions du pays du contrat, qui doivent etre prealablement epuisees. 2. Les emprunts publics, avec emission de bons, constituant la dette nationale, ne pourront donner lieu, en aucun cas, a l'agression militaire ni a l'occupation materielle du sol des nations Americaines. Sous la reserve exprimee a la Premiere Commission. La Colombie fait les reserves suivantes : — Elle n'accepte pas en aucun cas l'emploi de la force pour le recouvrement de dettes quelle que soit leur nature. Elle n'accepte pas l'arbitrage qu'apres decision definitive des Tribunaux des pays debiteurs. Avec la reserve faite dans la seance pleniere du 16 Octobre, 1907. Avec la reserve faite dans la seance pleniere du 16 Octobre, 1907. Avec la reserve faite dans la seance pleniere du 16 Octobre, 1907. 1. En ce qui concerne les dettes provenant de contrats ordinaires entre les ressortissants d'une nation et un Gouvernement etranger on n'aura recours a l'arbitrage que dans le cas de denegation de justice par les juridictions du pays du contrat, qui doivent 6tre prealablement epuisees. 2. Les emprunts publics avec emission de bons constituants des dettes nationales ne pourront donner lieu, en aucun cas, a l'agression militaire ni a l'occupation materielle du sol des nations Americaines. Sous la reserve que les principes etablis danB cette Convention ne pourront pas s'appliquer a des reclamations ou differends provenant de contrats passes par un pays avec des sujets etrangers lorsque dans ces contrats il aura ete expressement stipule que les reclamations ou differends devront Stre soumis aux Juges et Tribunaux du pays. Nous faisons les memes reserves que la Republique Argentine ci-dessus. Sous reserve du second alinea de l'Article l er , parce que la Delegation considere que le refus de l'arbitrage pourra se faire toujours de plein droit si la loi fondamentale du pays debiteur, anterieure au contrat qui a origine les doutes ou contestations, ou ce contrat meme, a etabli que ces doutes ou contestations seront decides par les Tribunaux du dit pays. Sous reserve de l'Article 44 du Reglement annexe. Sous reserve de la Declaration faite dans la seance pleniere de la Conference du 17 Aout, 1907. Avec reserve de l'Article 44. Sous reserves formulees a l'Article 44 du Reglement annexe a la presente Convention et consignees au proces-verbal de la quatrieme seance pleniere du 17 Aout, 1907. 145 Eesekves — (suite). IV.- —(suite — Russie Tarquie ... *<■ V. Argentine ... Grande-Bretagne VI. Allemagne Russie VII. Turquie ... VIII. Allemagne Rep. Dominicaine France Grande-Bretagne . . . Siam Turquie ... IX. Allemagne Chili France Grande-Bretagne . Japon X. Chine Grande-Bretagne. Perse Turquie .. XII. Chili Cuba Equateur .. Guatemala Haiti Perse Salvador . . Siam Turquie .. Uruguay .. 2814 Sous reserves formulees a l'Article 44 du Reglement annexe a la presente Convention et consignees au proces-verbal de la quatrieme seance pleniere du 17 Aout, 1907. Sons reserve de l'Article 3. La Republique Argentine fait reserve de l'Article 1 9. Sous reserve des Articles 16, 17, et 18. , Sous reserve de l'Article 3 et de l'Article 4, alinea 2. Sous reserves formulees a l'Article 3 et a l'Article 4, alinea 2, de la presente Convention, et consignees au proces-verbal de la septieme seance pleniere du 27 Septembre, 1907. Sous reserve de la Declaration faite a la huitieme seance pleniere de la Conference du 9 Octobre, 1907 Sous reserve de l'Article 2. Avec reserve sur l'alinea l er de l'Article 1". Sous reserve de l'Article 2. Sous reserve de la Declaration suivante : — En apposant leurs signatures a cette Convention les Plenipotentiaires Britanniques .declarent que le simple fait que la dite Convention ne defend pas tel acte ou tel procede ne doit pas 6tre considere comme privant le Gouvernement de Sa Majeste Britannique du droit de contester la legalite du dit acte ou procede. Sous reserve de l'Article l er , alinea l er . Sous reserve des Declarations consignees au proces-verbal de la huitieme seance pleniere de la Conference du 9 Octobre, 1907. Sous reserve de l'Article l er , alinea 2. Sous la reserve de l'Article 3 formulee dans la quatrieme seance pleniere du 17 Aout. Sous reserve de l'alinea 2 de l'Article l er . Sous reserve de l'alinea 2 de l'Article l er . Avec reserve de l'alinea 2 de l'Article l er . Sous reserve de l'Article 21. Sous reserve des Articles 6 et 21 et de la Declaration suivante : — En apposant leurs signatures a cette Convention les Plenipotentiaires", Britanniques declarent que le Gouvernement de Sa Majeste entend que l'application de l'Article 12 se borne au seul cas des combattants: recueillis pendant ou apres un combat naval auquel ils auront pris part. Sous reserve du droit reconnu par la Conference de l'emploi du Lion et du Soleil Rouge au lieu et a" la place de la Croix Rouge. Sous reserve du droit reconnu par la Conference de la Paix de l'emploi du Croissant Rouge. Sous la reserve de l'Article 15 formulee a la sixieme seance pleniere du 21 Septembre. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. Sous les reserves formulees concernant l'Article 15. Avec la reserve relative a l'Article 15. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. Sous reserve de l'Article 15. T 2 146 Reserves — (suite) . XIII. Allemagne Sons reserve des Articles 11, 12, 13, et 20. Rep. Dominicaine Avec reserve sur l'Article 12. Grande-Bretagne . . . Sous reserve des Articles 19 et 23. Japon Avec reserve des Articles 19 et 23. Perse Sous reserve des Articles 12, 19, et 21. Siam Sous reserve des Articles 12, 19, et 23. Turquie Sous reserve de la Declaration concernant TArticle 10 ported au proces verbal de la huitieme stance pl6niere de la Conference du 9 Octobre, 1907. XV. Suisse Sous reserve du Vceu No. 1, que le Conseil Federal Suisse n'accepte pas. 147 (Translation.) Reservations. I. America Brazil Chile... Greece Japan Roumania .. Switzerland .. Turkey II. Argentina .. Bolivia Colombia Dominican Republic Ecuador Greece Guatemala Peru Salvador Uruguay IV. Germany t , ... Austria-Hungary Japan Under reservation of the Declaration made at the plenary meeting of the Conference held on October 16, 1907. With reservation in regard to Article 53, paragraphs 2, 3, and 4. Under reservation of the Declaration made respecting Article 39 at the seventh meeting of the First Commission held on October 7. With the reservation of paragraph 2 of Article 53. With reservation of paragraphs 3 and 4 of Article 48, of paragraph 2 of Article 53, and Article 54. With the same reservations made by the Roumanian Plenipotentiaries on signing the Convention for the pacific settlement of international dis- putes on July 29, 1899. Under reservation of Article 53, No. 2. Under reservation of the Declarations recorded in the Minutes of the proceedings of the ninth plenary meeting of the Conference, held on October 16, 1907. The Argentine Republic makes the following reservations : — 1. In regard to debts arising from ordinary contracts between the subject or citizen of a State and a foreign Government, recourse shall not be had to arbitration except in the specific case of denial of justice by the Tribunals of the country which made the contract ; the legal remedies must first be exhausted. 2. Public loans, with issue of bonds, constituting the national debt, cannot in any circumstances give rise to military aggression nor to the effective occupation of the territory of any American State. Under the reservation made to the First Commission. Colombia makes the following reservations : — It does not in any circumstances admit the employment of force for the recovery of debts whatever their nature may be. It does not accept arbitration until the Tribunals of the debtor States have pronounced their final sentence. With the reservation made at the plenary meeting of October 16, 1907. With the reservations made at the plenary meeting of October 16, 1907. With the reservation made at the plenary meeting of October 16, 1907. 1. In regard to debts arising from ordinary contracts between the subjects or citizens of a State and a foreign Government, recourse shall not be had to arbitration except in the case of denial of justice by the Tribunals of the country which made the contract ; the legal remedies must first be exhausted. 2. Public loans, with issue of bonds, constituting national debts, cannot in any circumstances give rise to military aggression nor to the effective occupation of the territory of any American State. Under the reservation that the principles laid down in this Convention cannot apply to claims or differences arising from contracts entered into by a State with the subjects of a foreign State when it is expressly stipulated in the said contracts that the claims or differences must be submitted to the Judges and Tribunals of the country. We make the same reservations as the Argentine Republic above. Under reservation of the second paragraph of Article 1, because the Delegation considers that refusal to submit to arbitration can always be legitimately made if the fundamental law of the debtor State, prior to the contract, which gave rise to the misunderstandings or disputes, or the said contract itself , has laid down that such misunderstandings or disputes shall be decided by the Tribunals of the said country. Under reservation of Article 44 of the annexed Regulations. Under reservation of the Declaration made at the plenary meeting of the Conference held on August 17, 1907. With reservation of Article 44. 14$ Reservations — {continued) . IV. — {continued) — Montengro Russia Turkey V. Argentina ... Great Britain VI. Germany ... Russia VII. Turkey VIII. Germany ... DominicanRepublic France Great Britain Siam Turkey IX. Germany ... Chile France Great Britain Japan X. China Great Britain Persia Turkey XII. Chile Cuba Ecuador . , Guatemala Hayti Persia Salvador . Siam Under reservations made about Article 44 of the Regulations annexed to the present Convention, and recorded in the Minutes of the proceedings of the fourth plenary meeting held on August 17. 1907. Under reservations made about Article 44 of the Regulations annexed to the present Convention, and recorded in the Minutes of the proceedings of the fourtn plenary meeting held on August 17, 1907. Under reservation of Article 3. The Argentine Republic reserves Article 19. Under reservation of Articles 16, 17, and 18. Under reservation of Article 3 and Article 4, paragraph 2. Under reservations made about Article 3 and Article 4, paragraph 2, of the present Convention, and recorded in the Minutes of the proceedings of the seventh plenary meeting held on September 27, 1907. With reservation of the Declaration made at the eighth plenary meeting of the Conference held on October 9, 1907. Under reservation of Article 2. With reservation in regard to paragraph 1 of Article 1. Under reservation of Article 2. Under reservation of the following Declaration : — In affixing their signatures to the above Convention, the British Pleni- potentiaries declare that the mere fact that this Convention does not prohibit a particular act or proceeding must not be held to debar his Britannic Majesty's Government from contesting its legitimacy. Under reservation of Article 1, paragraph 1. Under reservation of the Declarations recorded in the Minutes of the proceedings of the eighth plenary meeting of the Conference held on October 9, 1907. Under reservation of Article 1, paragraph 2. Under the reservation of Article 3 made at the fourth plenary meeting held on August 17. Under reservation of paragraph 2 of Article 1. Under reservation of paragraph 2 of Article 1. With reservation of paragraph 2 of Article 1. Under reservation of Article 21. Under reservation of Articles 6 and 21, and of the following Declaration: — In affixing their signatures to this Convention, the British Plenipoten- tiaries declare that His Majesty's Government understand Article 12 to apply only to the case of combatants rescued during or after a naval engagement in which they have taken part. Under reservation of the right admitted by the Conference to employ the Lion and the Red Sun, instead of and in the place of the Red Cross. Under reservation of the right admitted by the Peace Conference to employ the Red Crescent. Under the reservation of Article 15 made at the sixth plenary meeting held on September 21. Under reservation of Article 15. Under reservation of Article 15. Under the reservations made in regard to Article 15. With the reservation relative to Article 15. Under reservation of Article 15. Under reservation of Article 15. Under reservation of Article 15. 149 Reservations — (continued). XII. — (continued) — Turkey Uruguay XIII. Germany Dominican Republic Great Britain Japan Persia Siam Turkey XV. Switzerland Under reservation of Article 15. Under reservation of Article 15. Under reservation of Articles 11, 12, 13, and 20. With reservation as to Article 12. Under reservation of Articles 19 and 23. With reservation of Articles 19 and 23. Under reservation of Articles 12, 19, and 21. Under reservation of Articles 12, 19, and 23. Under reservation of the Declaration respecting Article 10 recorded in the Minutes of the proceedings of the eighth plenary meeting of the Conference held on October 9, 1907. Under reservation of Wish No. 1, which the Swiss Federal Council does not accept. SECOND PEACE CONFERENCE HELD AT THE HAGUE IN 1907-^contd. PROTOCOLS OF THE ELEVEN PLENARY MEETINGS, WITH ANNEXES. The Protocols, in French, are prefaced by a Precis of the Proceedings of the Conference, from the Opening Sitting held on 15th June, 1907, to the valedictory meeting held on 18th October, 1907. Annexes :— Reports of Committees on the adaptation to Naval War of the principles of the Geneva Convention of the 22nd August, 1864 ; Amendment of the 1899 Regulations respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land ; Renewal of the Declaration of 29th July, 1899, relative to the prohibition to throw Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons ; Regulations respecting Bom- bardment by Naval Forces in time of war ; Opening of Hostilities ; Rights and Duties of Neutral States on land ; Position of Neutrals in the Territory of Belligerents ; Establishment of an International Prize Court. Reports on the following Naval Matters : — Conversion of Merchant Ships into War Ships ; Inviolability of Private Property at Sea ; Days of Grace ; Contraband of War ; Blockade ; Destruction of Neutral Prizes ; Submitting Draft Regulations respecting the laws and Customs of Maritime War ; Protection of Postal Correspondence at Sea ; Treatment of the Crews of Enemy Merchant Ships captured by a belligerent ; Exemption from Capture of Fishing Boats and other vessels in time of war. Draft Regulations : — Conversion of Merchant Ships into War Ships ; Status of Enemy Merchant Ships at the commencement of hostilities; Postal Correspondence at sea ; Crews of Enemy Merchant Ships Captured by a belligerent. ' Reports of Committees : — Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines ; Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in the event of Maritime War ; Establishment of a Judicial Arbitration Court. Report on the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. [Cd. 4081] of Session 1908. Price 4*. 5d., post free 4s. Ud. FINAL ACT, AND CONVENTIONS AND DECLARATION ANNEXED THERETO, WITH TRANSLATIONS. .- The Conventions refer to the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes ; the Limitation of the Employment of Force for the Recovery of Contract Debts ; the Opening of Hostilities ; the Laws and Customs of War on Land ; the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and Persons in War on Land ; the Status of Enemy Merchant-ships at the Outbreak of Hostilities ; Conversion of Merchant-ships into War-ships ; Laying of Automatic Submarine Contact Mines ; Bombard- ments by Naval Forces in Time of War; Adaptation of the Principles of the Geneva_ Convention to Maritime War ; Restrictions on the Exercise of the Rights of Gapture in Maritime \V{i|'; Establishment of an International Prize Court; the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers in Maritime. War. Declaration prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons ; Draft Convention relative to the Creation of a Judicial Arbitration Court. Table of the States represented, Signatures affixed, and Reservations formulated up to June 30th, 1908. [Cd. 4175] of Session 1908. Price If. 3d., post free Is; 6■ W ?wrti *.«<& WM^ ..««\ ^ r ' -a** juJt-4