;1 ■■ '! '.i r' i '7 ;. ■■! ■• OforttcU IniuerBttH library athata, 2Jeiu ^ork THE JAMES VERNER SCAIFE COLLECTION CIVIL WAR LITERATURE THE GIFT OP JAMES VERNER SCAIFE CLASS OF 18B9 1919 The date shows when this volume was taken. To renew this book copy the call No. and give to the hln'arian. HOME USE RULES All Booka snbject to Recall All borrowers mast regis- ter in the library to borrow books for home use. All books most be re- turned at end of college^ year for inspection and repairs. Limited books must be re- turned within the .four week limit and not renewed. Students must return all books before leaving town. Officers should arrange for the return of books wanted during their absence from town. Volumes of periodicals and of pamphlets are held in the library as much as possible. For special pur- poses they are given out for a limited time. Borrowers should not use their library privileges for the benefit of other persons. Books of special value and gift books, when the >■ giver wishes it, are not allowed to circulate. Readers are asked to re- port all cases of books marked or mutilated. Do not deface books by marks and writing. Cornell University Library E527.5 23d .P41 History of the twenty third Pennsylvania 3 1924 030 914 091 ^ olin Overs REGIMENTAL COMMANDERS. H ISTORY OF THE Twenty Third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry BIRNEY'S ZOUAVES THREE MONTHS AND THREE YEARS SERVICE CIVIL WAR 1861 1865 Compiled by the Secretary by order of the Survivors association Twenty Third regiment Pennsylvania volunteers 1903-1904 '^ Cornell University Library A.3?^;.aH The original of this bool< is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924030914091 INTRODUCTORY ^ ^ ^ "T^HIS publication is not a history of the Civil War, nor does -^ it intend to show how battles should have been fought, but is a plain recital of the life of the Twenty-third Pennsyl- vania Volunteers, compiled from diaries and personal recollec- tions of its survivors, with references from Bates' History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, published by the State of Pennsyl- vania, and the United States Rebellion Records. Meetings of the various companies have been held from time to time, at which not only the history of the regiment has been gone over carefully, but the individual record of the officers and men, so that a complete and truthful story of the old command should appear in this volume. Every effort was made to obtain the photos of the officers and men that were killed in action, but it was found many never had a photo taken, so that of the 126 killed, but 56 photos of those men who died, that the nation might live, were secured. In addition to these photos it was deemed proper to insert the photos of the general officers under whom the com- mand served, as well as the Officers and Council of Adminis- tration of the Survivors' Organization, and other members of the regiment. This book is not published to be sold by agents to the general public, but for distribution to its survivors and friends at its cost value. The Survivors' Association gives due acknowledgment to the State of Pennsylvania for its liberality, under recent Acts of the Assembly, in its purchase of four hundred copies for distribution to the various public libraries. Thanks are extended to the survivors of the Old Command for their valuable assistance in the preparation of this work of love, which the secretary not only deemed an honor, but a pleasant duty in its compilation. Endorsement Headquarters Survivors' Association, Tiveiity-third Regiment Penn- sylvania Volunteer Infantry. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., December ist, 1903. The Association having authorized its Secretary, WiUiam J. Wray, to prepare a history of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, it is with pleasure that it fully endorses this compilation as a faithful, accurate and historically correct history of the command, con- taining a complete roster of the organization to date. JOHN F GLENN, President. NICE DAY ON PICKET iX^^^^A-c^rZ^ PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 1861-1865. 6 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT T-wenty-tHird Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, ^ ^ ^ THRE.E MONTHS' SERVICE.. THE War of the Rebellion was formally opened by the attack of the rebels in firing upon Fort Sumter, Charles- ton harbor, South Carolina, April 12, 1 86 1 . After two days' bombardment of the fort, General Anderson, early on the morn- ing of April 14th, surrendered the garrison of less than 100 men. On April 15th, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, issued a proclamation, calling for seventy-five thousand militia from the several States, to serve a term of three months to suppress the rebellion. Pennsylvania furnished her quota of fourteen regiments, and this number was further increased to twenty-five regiments. Such was the patriotic ardor of the people, that the services of about thirty additional regiments, tendered by the Keystone State, were refused. No matter what side the people took on political questions, they were united in the defence of the Union, rallying to the support of the Government both by their means and services. Under this call for 75,000 men by President Abraham Lincoln, the officers and men of the First Regiment Pennsyl- vania Militia tendered their services, through Colonel Charles P. Dare, to the Governor of Pennsylvania, which was accepted. Recruiting began at once on the 1 8th of April, 1 861, at the Arsenal, Sixteenth and Filbert streets, Philadelphia, where the Pennsylvania Railroad train sheds now cover, and on April 2 1 St they were mustered into the United States service bv Major C. F. Ruff, United States Army, as the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, with the following officers : Colonel, Charles P. Dare ; Lieutenant-Colonel, David B. Birney ; Major, George C. Spear ; Adjutant, C. S. Gillingham ; Quarter- master, Edwin Palmer ; Surgeon, Samuel W. Gross ; Assistant Surgeon, C. F. H. Campbell. On the evening of the day it was mustered in the regiment left for the front. On its arrival at Perryville, Colonel Dare was placed in command at that post. Four companies were stationed at Perryville, two at Havre-de-Grace, two at Elkton, one at Bush River, one at Gunpowder River, two at Aberdeen, PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. ■ '^%. ■,.'":-.;■ ' ■•/ ",- ; ^;.'^^ ■'Mm T^ :,;'if; '■Wl I ■ -\ BHI^ "■ ■ 3 ^, r ■«•-■■ :H:f^^ WSSBfm. »S! ^^^^^^■l^^s^ ^^ ! m ■ /tV i': i ^ '■ "■■ J/zy&~""^ Jll^ '■ .■ .■ .:/■ ■■ i W^^m-wM j ■ ■■ . ;)a5 :*r^- ;,:;.; i ■#>^-' ■ ■:' ' -4 . £ .-;-,-. ■.■^- . 1 ;:.; ^^"^^^k / *■■' . ■ ^j-XiMsirf ;^- 14 P^^^^W! b«**^ ^r-? ■'-^^M an . J WBM LIEUTENANT-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT, Commanding U. S. Army, iS6i. HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REfWMEXT with intermediate guards along the roads, it being also engaged in guarding the mail from Perryville to Annapolis, Maryland. The post and troops at Elkton were under the command of Major W. T Sherman, United States Army, later the dis- MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE H. I HOMAS, Commanding the Brigade, Tliree Moutlib' Sen ice, iS6i. tinguished iVIajor General who commanded the Western Army who, in command of a light batter}^ had reported to Colonel Dare. There was also at Perryville under Dare's order a fleet of gunboats and transports served by United States seamen under immediate command of Lieutenants Steadman and PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Watmough, United States Navy, both of whom became dis- tinguished admirals. May 28th, the regiment was reHeved by the Eleventh Pennsylvania, and proceeded by rail to Chambersburg, Penn- sylvania, where it was assigned to the First Brigade, First Di- vision of Patterson's army, composed of three companies Second United States Cavalry (now Fifth Regiment), one company Philadelphia City Troop, Battery Heavy Artillery, Captain Doubleday, United States Army, who afterwards be- came Maj. General, commanding ist Corps, Army of the Poto- mac, Twenty-Third Penn- sylvania, Col. Dare; Sixth Pennsylvania Volunteers, Col. James Nagle; Twenty- first Pennsylvania Volun- teers, Colonel John F. Bal- lier; Twenty-fourth Penn- sylvania Volunteers, Col. Owens, the brigade being in command of Col. George H. Thomas, a loyal Virgin- ian who was afterwards known as the Rock of Chick- amauga, commanding the Army of Tennessee. The Division Commander was Major General George Cad- wallader, of Philadelphia. At Chambersburg, Adjutant Gillingham was detailed as Acting Assistant Adjutant General on the staff of the brigade commander, Colonel Thomas. From Chambersburg the regi- ment, with the brigade, marched to Greencastle, where it went into camp, remaining about a week. While here the brigade was reviewed by Major General Cadwallader, the division com- mander, thence it marched to WiUiamsport, Maryland, where it was engaged in guarding the fords on the Upper Potomac. The enemy at this time was posted at Harper's Ferry, Virginia, under the command of General Joseph E. Johnson. When he perceived General Patterson's army was about to cross the Potomac, he evacuated Harper's Ferry and fell back to Bunker Hill. General Patterson, in command of the Department, MAJ.-GEN. ROBERT PATTERSON, Of Philadelphia. Commanding Army of the Shenandoah, 1861. HISTORY <{ Lieutenants Steadman and PI'-.NNSYLVANIA VOLUN'I'I'ER INFANTRY. \A'atmough, rnited States Navy, both of whom became dis- tinguished admirals. May 28th, the regiment was relieved by the Eleventh Pennsylvania, and proceeded Ijy rail to Chambersburg, Penn- sylvania, where it was assigned to the First Brigade, First Di- \ision of Patterson's army, composed of three companies Second United States Cavalry (now Fifth Regiment), one company Philadelphia City Tr()(jp, Batter}' Heavy Artillery, Captain Doubledav, l/nited States Army, who afterwards be- came Maj. General, commanding ist Corps, Army of the Poto- mac, Twent\-Third Penn- sylvania, Col. Dare; Sixth Pennsylvania \'olunteers. Col. James Nagle; Twenty first Pennsylvania \"olun- teers. Colonel John F. Bal- lier; Twenty-fourth Penn- s\dvania \'olunteers, C ol. Owens, the brigade being in command of Col. George H. Thomas, a loyal Virgin- ian who was afterwards known as the Rock of Chick- amauga, commanding the Army of Tennessee. The Division Commander was Major General George Cad- wallader, of Philadelphia. At Chambersburg, Adjutant Gillingham was detailed as Acting Assistant Atljutant General on the staff of the brigade commander. Colonel Thomas. From Chambersburg the regi- ment, with the brigade, marched to Greencastle, where it went into camp, remaining about a week. While here the brigade was reviewed by Major General Cadwallader, the division com- mander, thence it marched to Williamsport, Maryland, where it was engaged in guarding the fords on the L'pper Potimiac. The enemy at this time was posted at Harper's Ferry, Mrginia, under the command of General Joseph E. Johnson. When he perceived General Patterson's army was about to cross the Potomac, he evacuated Harper's Ferry and fell back to Bunker Hill. General Patterson, in command of the Department, 1 ■ • M.\J.-(",IC,\. ROBERT PATTFCKSl IX, Of Philadelphia, [^onimandiiig Army of the Shenandoah, iS' 10 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT having organized an army of some 12,000 at Chambersburg, submitted to General Scott a plan of operation for the reduc tion of Harper's Ferry, now held by the enemy. The plan having been approved, he receiving the following order : * Headquarters of the Army, ] Washington, June 8, 1861. j Sir: — I think your expedition against Harper's Ferry well pro- jected and that success in it would be an important step in the War. But there must be no re- verse. Hence, I have given you the best rein- forcements within my reach, and have just or- dered Colonel Burnside's fine Rhode Island regi- ment of infantry, with its battery(about twelve hun- dred strong), to proceed to Carlisle, and there re- ceive your orders. A company of the Fourth Artillery (to receive its horses and battery at Car- lisle), with the battalion of the Third Infantry, took the same route, and with the same instructions, yesterday. * I have said that we must sustain no reverse; but this is not enough. A check or a drawn battle would be a victory to the enemy, filling his heart with joy, his ranks with men, and his maga- zines with voluntary contributions. Take your measures, therefore, circumspectly ; make a good use of your engineers and other experienced staff officers and generals and attempt nothing without a clear prospect of success, as you will find the enemy strongly posted and not inferior to you in numbers. With entire confidence in your valor and judgment, I remain your brother soldier, WiNFiELD Scott. Major General Patterson, United States Forces. ANDREW G. CURTIN, War ("Tovernor of Pennsvlvania. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 11 On June 17th, the regiment, with Colonel Thomas' brigade, crossed the Potomac and advanced to Falling Waters in pursuit of the enemy, Cadwallader's entire division being ordered to follow. At this juncture the Regular cavalry and all the artillery, together with the brigade commander. Col- onel Thomas, were by command of General Scott, then com- mander of all the armies, ordered to Washington. Telegrams from General Scott to General Patterson. Washington, June 16, 1861. To Major General Patterson ■ The regulars with you are most needed here ; send them and the Rhode Island regiment (Colonel Burnside) as fast as disengaged. WiNFiELD Scott. Washington, June 17, 1861. To Major General Patterson : We are pressed here. Send the troops I have twice called for without delay. WiNFiELD Scott. This left three regiments and City Troop, one company, under Colonel Dare menacing the enemy, with orders to recross the river the next day. At daylight the retreat com- menced with a large body of rebel cavalry hovering on the flanks and rear of the columns, recrossing the river without an engagement, going into camp at Williamsport. Testimony of General Cadwallader before the Congres- sional Committee on Conduct of War : " My division, as a part of General Patterson's column, was in the advance. I crossed the Potomac from Williamsport, and when Johnson retreated as we advanced upon Harper's Ferry, we went down as far as Falling Waters, on the Virginia side. I was there met by an order to send to Washington all my regular troops. They were all under my command. * * * General Patterson was compelled, or rather induced, to give me the order to fall back." General Patterson, in his narrative of the campaign in the Valley of the Shenandoah, page 36, says of his part of the campaign : " I was mortified and humiliated at having to recross the river without striking a blow. I knew that my reputation would be grievously damaged by it ; the country could not 12 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT understand the meaning of this crossing and recrossing, this marching and countermarching in the face of the foe, and that I would be censured without stint for such apparent vacilla- tion and want of purpose." Two days afterwards the cavalry and artillery were returned and Colonel Thomas again assumed command of the DELIVERING PAPERS. brigade. The Twenty-third remained at Williamsport until ordered to Downsville, but, the river being too high, it returned to Williamsport July 2d, when it again crossed the Potomac with the entire command of General Patterson. Advancing to Falling Waters, fire was opened upon the head of the column by a body of rebels concealed in a wheat field and woods. During the skirmish the regiment supported Perkins' Battery. The enemy were driven oH. Advancing the next day to Martinsburg, four companies were detailed under Major Spear for provost duty. On the Fourth of July the brigade was drawn up on dress parade, Perkins' Battery firing a salute, and regimental bands playing national airs in honor of the Nation's birthdav. PENNSYLVANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 13 The column again advanced to Bunker Hill, the Twenty- third being sent on three different occasions with the cavalry on reconnoissance. On July 17th the entire column marched to Charlestown, Va., a detail from the regiment patroling the town. Its term of service having expired, it was ordered to Philadelphia, where it arrived on July 24th and on July 31st was mustered out of service. It received the commendation of the commanding general for its discipline and soldierly conduct, being the first regiment from Philadelphia that left that city with uniforms and arms, being supplied with but hve rounds of ammunition. Nearl}^ the entire regiment re-enlisted, and was permitted to retain its old number, Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. AROUND THE BIVOUAC FIRE. 14 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT 23D PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS THREE MONTHS' SERVICE V» ^ V» FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS Namk. Charles P. Dare . David B. Birney George C. Spear C. S. Gillingham Edwin Palmer . Samuel W. Gross . C. F. H. Campbell Rank. Remarks. Colonel Lieut. -Col. Major . Adjutant Quartermaster. Surgeon . Asst.-Surg. Re-enlisted Colonel, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Major, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Captain, 23d P. V. COMPANY A Recruited at Philadelphia. Mustered in April 21, 1S61. Mustered out July 31, 1861. George C. Spear . George W. Sheets . John G. Divine . William F. Powell . Samuel R. Poulson Joseph R. Slaughter Wm. Cunningham Wm. M. McGrath . Thomas Madigan Jonathan Neall . Robert K. Selkirk . James C. Andrews James B. Camac Aldrick, Geo. W. Blanck. William Barford, Richard S. Barford, Thomas P. Blair, Andrew . Barford, Jacob P. Boyd, John Bolton, John A. . Bolton, William P Camac, William T. Campbell, John . Cheesman, George Cornwall, Joseph Donaghy, William Devine, Samuel G. Edwards. William I. Ewing, William . Ford, Henry . Gouldy, Harry . Gouldy, Joseph C. Gilligan, Charles Gallagher, And. F. Govett, Lewis W. , , Graham, Christopher. Green, James . Hansell, Amos . , , Hansell, Thomas i Captain First Lieut. . Second Lieut. First Sergt. . Second Sergt. Third Sergt. P'ourth Sergt. First Corp. . Second Corp. Third Corp. Fourth Corp. Musician Private Promoted to Major. Re-enlisted Co. E, 2^d P. \', Re-enlisted Co. I, 2d Pa. Heavy Art. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 15 Namh. Rank. Rkmarks. Hoyt, William A. . Hunzen, Charles . Husbands, Henry I\L Johnston, Adam B. . Johnston, James I. Johnston, Robert Jones, John . . . Keene, Arthur F. Keene, Robert M. . Kendricks, Samuel Kinsley, Daniel . . Kinsley, William H. Kiker, William Loughery, Edw. P. Long, Andrew- Long, Samuel McCarter, William Mcllhenny, Bernard . McGowan, Edward McGonigal, John McNeil, David . McGrath, Isaac G. McManus, Henry McElwee, John . . Martin, Sylvester H. Miller, William . North, George W. Rodgers, Andrew I. Surphce, Thomas . Stokes, Isaac F. Stevenson, Walter Sanderson, Robert Torbett, Henry \'andyke, Albert Willoeby, George Wright, James M. \\'agner, Adam Private Re-enlisted Co. E, 23d P. V. Re-en. Regtl. Q. M. Sergt., 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. K, 88th P. V. I Re-enlisted Co. K, yad P. V. Killed \ at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Re-enlisted Co. F, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. K, SSth P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. I, 20th Pa. Militia. Re-enlisted Co. F, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. E, 23d P. V. COMPANY B Recruited at Philadelphia. Mustered in April 21, 1S61. Mustered out July 31, 1S61. John F. Glenn . . Chas. W. Matthews , J. P. W. Neill . George W. Nagle Henry G. Fritz . . Reuben B. Thomas J. DorseyAsh . William B. Foster . WiUiam G. Roberts Solomon Forbaugh Geo. W. Sloanaker Harper Smith . Hamilton, Smith Albertson, Levi B Atkinson, Robert Berg, John D. . Barnes, Reuben . . Brisbing, Theodore Brabender, E. A. Bates, George Brickham, Caleb Captain First Lieut. . Second Lieut. First Sergt. . Second Sergt. Third Sergt. Fourth Sergt. First Corp. Second Corp. Third Corp. Fourth Corp. Musician Private Re-enlisted Captain, Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-en. Keystone Bat. Pa. Light Art. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. R, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. It) HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Rank. Remarks. Burt, Franklin Couden, R. C. Clark, Allen . Collins, James Cook, Harry Canell, Edward . Campbell, Peter F. Costello, John DeGroot, John Depec, Albert . Davenport, Robt. A. Davis, John W. Eastwick, R. Fitzinger, Geo. W. Fowler, W. A. Gwynn, David . Hasson, John F. Hyer, Jacob .... Hennesey, Alfred J. Hilton, William F. Hahn, John K. Johnson, Henry Jacoby, John B. Kater, Samuel . . Kawson, William . McCormick, Michael . McClelland, Robert Murray, Charles McCuUy, Hugh . Morgan, Daniel P. . Maguigan, Francis J. . Moore, George W. . Morris, Frederick Martin, James Noble, James. . . Nichols, Talbot N. Newberg. R. C. . Osborne, J. G., Jr. Pyle, Samuel H. Parker, Cyrus Patterson, H. . . Redifer, Benjamin Ruths, Frederick . Rague, Thomas . Smith, Henry L. . . Stackhouse, Charles . Schen, Charles . Schutretter, Chas. Stengle, Philip . Sullivan, F. . . Tinsman, John L. Turner, William H. Tobin, Francis . Will, Samuel . Wakefield, Chas. H. I'rivate Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. C, nth Pa. Cavalry. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. W Re-enli.sted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. F, 72d P. Y. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. X. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. E, ist N. J. Cavalry. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \' Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. A, 23d P. \'. COMPANY C Recruited at Phihidelphia. Mustered in April 21, 1861. Mustered out July 31, 1861. William Barr . . Edw. S. Redsteake. Daniel N. Malseed . Charles Smith . Captain . . First Lieut. . Second Lieut. First Sergt. . . PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 17 Name. Andrew Malseed . . Edward Cheesman Job T. Hickman . Thomas C. Wright Alexander Gardner . John H. Landon . Michael Woods John Woods . . James Woods . . Arbuckle, John . Bonner, James Brown, Abner Bastian, Jacob . . Beatty, William . Ball, Israel Y. . Ball, Israel R. . Berriman, Richard . Carrow, Lewis F. Cooper, James F. Callen, Samuel . Colton, Charles . Cozens, Smith D. Collins, Joseph Crap, Robert M. . Dickson, Charles W. Devitt, Charles H. . . Davis, John T. Dyer, Francis Ervien, Robert C. Flanigan, John Fogarty, William Frank, John . . Garrison, Samuel . Howard, Russell Hooper, James E. . Hawkins, Joshua B. . Hugg, George H. . Hamilton, John . Huggs, Andrew C. . Jones, Thomas Jeffers, John Johnson, John G. . Lowther, John G. . . Laws, Charles A. . , Lentz, August Kepler, Charles . Mann, William Morton, Oscar G. Myers, Thomas . . Mulligan, Patrick H. Mehaffey, George . Mann, Charles Marsh, Henry . Martin, Charles . Ogilby, Edward F. O'Neil, Peter . . Patrick, Samuel . Patton, Charles . . Palmore, Stephen Quinn, Bernard Quinn, James . . Richardson, William . Robinson, John Smith, Kember . Rank. Second Sergt. Third Sergt. Fourth Sergt. First Corp. . Second Corp. Third Corp. Fourth Corp. Musician Private Remarks. Re-enlisted Co. H, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Lieut, Co. G, 88th P. V. Re-enlisted Co. A, 6th U. S. Cavalry. Re-enlisted 15th Pa. Cavalry. Re-enlisted Co. H, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. I, 23d P. V. Re-enUsted Co. H, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. P, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. H, 23d P. V. 18 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Namk. Rank. Remarks. Schaffer, Anthony Sigman, Jacob Sigman, John . . . Stephens, George K. Sigman, Houston Tallafield, Charles Thompson, Richd. S. Till, Charles Wells, John M. Private ! Re-enlisted Co. H, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted U. S. S. Tahoma. Re-enlisted Co. K, 23d P. A'. COMPANY D Recruited at Philadelphia. Mustered in April 21, 1861. Mustered out July 31, 1861. Hiram Kirk Spear Wm. P. M. Penningt'n JohnW. Crosby John Wallace . . William Marlelius . Edmond Patterson John M. Watt . Henry Schaffer . John R. Hampton . John G. Brass . Francis Clark . Henry Duerford . Mathew Black Adams, John Action, Nathaniel Barnes, John . Bothwell, James . Burk, Edward D. . Clemens, William K. . Clark, Samuel Cooper, William B. . Donegan, Augustine F. Erwin, William Ennis, John Fields, John Fry, Thomas . . Gablance, William Gallagher, Thomas Gamble, James Gorman, Thomas . Green, Jacob . Gross, Chandler Haines, John . Hemple, James . . Hethington, James R. Heberly, Daniel B. Hueoly, Joseph Hogan, John J. Kane, John . Kelly, William . Kendrick, William Layer, Henry . . Lindsay, Andrew J. Long, Andrew McAnally, James McCalister, John McCauIey, Daniel . McCauley, Thomas McGinis, James Captain First Lieut. . Second Lieut. First Sergt. . Second Sergt. Third Sergt. Fourth Sergt. First Corp. . Second Corp. Third Corp. Fourth Corp. Musician Private Re-enlisted Co. P, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. F, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. I, 2d Pa. Heavy Art. Re-enlisted Co. P, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. P, 23d P. \'. Re-enlisted Co. P, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted Co. F, 23d P. V. PENNSYLVANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTR\'. 19 Nami-; McGinis, John McKaiii, James McCready, John . McColl, John . . McConnell, William Mackin, Henry Moran, Kane . Morris, Charles Moore, John Nutt, James . O'Neill, Harry Paulein, Jacob L. Pitts, Alexander Schaffer, Benjamin Schaffer, Henry Shane, Edward Spencer, John H. Stewart, John Swenk, Charles . Slanter, Daniel Tripner, George C. TuUy, Joseph M. . Wardlaw, Samuel Watts, David Wells, John . W^ilson, John Wallace, Thomas Yarnall, Benjamin . R \.NK. I. ■ :iivji-!r^na:ii^:.::::.i.-'-; MAJ.-GEN'L AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE, Commanding Army of the Potomac, Nov. 1862 to Jan. 1863. ington and paraded in review down Pennsylvania Avenue, IS companies, 1427 strong, with band of 36 pieces and drum corps of 30 pieces, with Drum Major Landenburg and the two vivandiers, making quite a display, being heartily applauded along the route, the average age of the men of the regiment being at that time nineteen years. For their splendid appear- ance, good behavior and discipline every one was given a 34 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT pass the next day ; so the camp was deserted with the excep- tion of the guard. This camp was named Camp Birney in honor of its colonel. The Zouave uniform that the regiment went away in, after six months, began to wear out and, as no more suits could be procured of this kind it was finally decided to get any uniform that was on hand in the Quarter-master General's department. So, when distributed, it consisted of what was called dark blue dress coat and pants, but were of different shades of color, with brass epaulettes and dog collar, or a leather stock. My, what a contrast from the natty Zouave suit to this one of misfits ! After the first dress parade the regiment was dismissed with orders to have the clothes tailored. This operation was nearly as bad, as the peaks of the caps were almost cut away, while, in many cases the dog collars were cut down to a shoestring. No wonder the Colonel was dis- gusted, and after a few weeks we drew another uniform — this time the regulation dark blue blouse and light blue pants, ever afterwards worn by the army. The following is a version of one of Jimmy Smith's songs : "That Suit of Blue." " They gave us a coat that looked like a sack. It would go twice around you, and button on the back ; Also a blouse you could nearly see through, And a cap that nearly covered the whole suit of blue. ' ' On February 1 7, 1 862, Colonel Birney was promoted to Brigadier General and assigned to duty with the Third Corps, and Captain Thomas H. Neill, of the Fifth United States Infantry, who had mustered the regiment into the service, was made its Colonel. He assumed command on the 20th and, as per orders of the War Department, the maximum of infantry SOL. FOREBAUGH, Co. A. Killed at Fair Oaks, Maj' 31, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 35 regiments being looo men, five companies of the regiment were detached. Four of these, Company L, Captain Butler Dilley ; Company O, Captain Robert L. Orr ; Company P, Captain John W. Crosby, and Company R, Captain George W. Mindil, with Major Spear as Lieutenant-Colonel, were trans- ferred to the Sixty-first Pennsylvania. Company M being disbanded, its officers and men were distrib- uted among the remain- ing ten companies. This order, not then under- stood by the men, was obeyed with much re luctance, and under pro- test. The men of these companies were for quite awhile hard to reconcile, but, after becoming ac- quainted, were united with the other six com- panies of the Sixty-first in making the brilliant rec- ord of this fighting regi- ment of the Sixth Corps. While at these camps it was engaged in picket duty, and on the day of MAJ.-GEN'L JOSEPH HOOKER, Commanding Army of the Potomac From Jan. to June, 1864. the battle of Ball's Bluff was under arms preparatory to sup- porting the attacking column, but were not called upon, the movement having been abandoned. When the Army of the Potomac, on March loth, moved to attack the enemy at Manassas, the regiment moved with the column intending to strike the enemy's fliank. The route of march, after crossing Chain Bridge, was along the river road. As this was our first march of any considerable distance we began to find that our knapsacks were heavy. The first signs of unloading were the black overcoats of the Sixty-first scattered over the road. Soon everybody was throwing away all the extras and by the time we reached Prospect Hill we were in light marching order, and kept in that condition until the end of the service. After a skirmish near Lewinsville the enemy retreated and the regiment returned to its old camp. 36 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT While on this expedition we visited the camp of the Pennsylvania Reserve Division at Langley. It was a model one, built of comfortable log houses in backwoods style ; the boys being- away in the direction of Manassas. On March 26th we marched to Alexandria, where we em- barked on the steamer "Vanderbilt" for Fortress Monroe. Disembarking here, we found one of the largest permanent forts of the Government, protecting the approaches by water to Washington. Since the war there has been established in the vicinity a Soldiers' Home and Schools for Indians and Freed- men, both under the auspices of the United States Govern- ment. The regiment moved with the advance on the Peninsula, passing through the village of Hampton, which the rebels had burned, skirting the old colonial settlement of Jamestown, where the first settlers of Virginia established a colony. It was here that by tradition Pocahontas saved the life of Captain John Smith. All through this section,'leading up to Richmond, the once powerful tribe of Chickahominy Indians, under chief Powhatan, held posses- sion. Skirmishing with the rebels at Young's Mills and Warwick Court House, los- ing several wounded, the enemy falling back to their entrenchments. Having possession of the enemy's camp at this place, the boys regaled themselves with making slap-jacks on the iron pans they left behind. Here the regiment was engaged in picket and fatigue duty ; the picket line along the Warwick Creek being constandy engaged. Loss, nine men wounded. While here, several of the men were wounded by a rebel sharpshooter ; he was eventually shot by the Chaplain of the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, who came out to the lines. For this breach of discipline he was reprimanded by General McClellan and sent home to report to Bishop Stevens, at JAMES G. WILLIAMSON, Lieut, Co. K. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Philadelphia. This was virtually a leave of absence, as Presi dent Lincoln detailed him to Lawrence, Kansas, where he arrived in time to officiate at the burial ceremonies of the MAJ.-GEN'L GEORGE G. MEADE, Commanding Army of the Potomac, 1863 to 1865. victims of that massacre. On entering Williamsburg, we found the sharpshooter in the insane asylum, having been shot in the head. The poor fellow was now insane. Orders were strict as to firing on picket, as McClellan did PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 39 not want to bring on an engagement until prepared to attack, but as the rebels would open on the regiment as soon as they got on the picket Hne the men could not be kept from exchang- ing shots, so that it was a picket fight every time. When not on picket they were engaged in working on entrenchments and building corduroy roads. This position along War- wick Creek was part of the lines facing Yorktown. Nearly the whole time they laid here rations were very — very scarce, the men going to ex- tremes to appease hunger. This shortage of rations no doubt was on account of the swampy condition of the country, retarding the supply wagons from getting to the front. Upon the general advance on the enemy's line, at York- town, May 4th, the regiment was selected to storm one of the main forts, near Lee's Mills, but after floundering around in the mud, it was ascertained the enemy had evacuated his works. All the night of the 3d the enemy's batteries were shelling our lines and when we reached their works and found them gone it meant a stern chase. To retard pursuit they had buried torpedoes in the abatis fronting their works and along the sides of the road where the officers and men marched ; while a number of men of other regiments were wounded by these missiles, fortunately 'none of the Twenty- third were injured. There was quite a rivalry to have the first flag on the rebel works. Left General Guide Ed. Wilson (afterwards lieutenant) who was a swift runner, took the colors and reached the works first, amid the hurrahs of the boys. The division bivouacking at Chesseman's plantation and the next day made a forced march arriving on the battle field of Williamsburg late in the afternoon of May 5th. While the regi- ment did not become engaged, under a heavy artillery fire lost Co. H. WILLIAM LINTON, Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 18 PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 41 several men wounded. The next morning about daylight the regiment was part of the skirmish line, its position being im- mediately in front of Fort Magruder. The two left companies under Captain Maxwell being near the fort were the first to enter, the enemy having left and were running across the field in the direction of the town, quite a number of their wounded being left behind in their works. General Keyes, the corps commander, in his official report states: "Two companies of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, Colonel Neill, were the first to take possession of Fort Magruder, as that regiment had been the first to plant the Stars and Stripes on the works at Lee's Mills." Skirmishing with his rear guard through the town, where it stacked arms south of Mary and Williams College, every in- dication showed a hasty retreat with his abandoned dead and wounded, wagons and caissons stuck in the mud, and occas- ional pieces of artillery. This town is one of the oldest settlements in Virginia ; here was held the seat of the govern- ment during the colonial days. In the House of Burgess, at that period holding session in the old town, Patrick Henry, the orator, of Virginia, in his famous speech, declared, " Give me liberty, or give me death!" It was from Will- iamsburg that Washington started on his expedition into the wilderness to protect the frontier settlements from depredations by the Indians and French. We found all the people had gone to Richmond, with the exception of the women and old men. Safety guards were placed all over the town and the people, from that time until the close of the war, were supplied with rations by our Government. Like all towns in the Confederacy, the hatred for the Yankee was quite intense. One of the oldest educational establishments, Williams and Mary College, founded in colonial days, is here located; LIEUT. JAMES JOHNSTON, Co. E. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. 42 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT we found it used as a depot of supplies by the Confederates. A mill just outside the town was put to use grinding flour, and with the Johnnies' iron pans, found in their camps, had a good time, while here, in making slap-jacks. That night we skir- mished with the enemy, go- ing on picket, picking up several pieces of artillery, with spokes cut, which were abandoned by the enemy be- ing stuck in the mud, the roads were so cut up, it was about as much as the men could pull through, much less wagons or artillery. On the loth we advanced and had a skirmish with the enemy, losing several men. While at Ropers Church on Sunday following the battle JOHN G. BOYD, z•^^^T■^^■ u i-u • _ Lieut, Co. D. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. OI W llliamsburg,the regiment gave an exhibition drill before Sykes' Division of Regulars. " Bucky," our Colonel Thomas H. Neill, who was a West Pointer, wanted to show his friends in the regular establish- ment what could be done by volunteers. Word was passed around and soon the boys were polishing up their buttons, blackening their shoes with pieces of pork rind, trimming up their hair, as they wanted to look spruce ; and to please " Bucky " our colonel, every man made himself as present- able as possible. From the applause the regiment received, it was evident their efforts were appreciated, and the way the old man smiled as he passed around the boys in bivouac, proved he was delighted. While advancing through this section of the peninsula, the boys, learning that a detail of a New York regiment was on guard over some sheep, at night, formed a squad and relieved the guard, so the regiment had lamb, sheep and mutton for breakfast next morning. Of course, when it was discovered that the trick had been played, inspection was ordered, but as usual nothing found. Proceeding through New Kent Court House, Baltimore Cross Roads to Bottom Bridge, skirmishing along the way, losing several men, the PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 43 regiment encamped on the farm of the Rebel General Garnett. On the 23d of May, a Rebel officer was brought into the lines blindfolded. What his mission was we did not learn ; but shortly afterward the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, Seventh Massachusetts, and Eighth Pennsylvania Cavalry crossed the Chickahominy at Bottom Bridge on a reconnois- sance ; the enemy was driven from his position, the ground being held about four miles in the direction of Richmond. Next day heavy skirmishing was continued until night to the left of the Williamsburg Road. The object being obtained, the command moved to the right at Seven Pines, where it threw up breastworks, details being engaged in cutting down the woods. On the 28th of May, it moved with the brigade, now under command of General Abercrombie, and went into posi- tion along the Nine Mile Road from the Williamsburg Road to and across the York River Railroad. About noon of May 31st, while the men were engaged in cooking rice, the only ration on hand — the wagons being way behind, fresh meat being about to be issued — the enemy attacked Casey's Division, which was in position about a quarter mile beyond the Nine Mile Road, and the battle of Fair Oaks was opened. As soon as the action began, a shell from the enemy landed in a clearing in front of the camp, and the men at once got into line. General Keyes came riding up the Nine Mile Road, passing the Twenty-third's camp. Seeing the men in line, he ordered it to the sup- port of Casey's right. Moving across the Nine Mile Road and through some low bushes they came upon the enemy who were driving in Nagley's brigade of Casey's division. With cheers the Twenty-third charged, maj.-gen'l erasmus d. keyes, -^ ° Commanding Fourth Corps, striking them in the flank, driving Army of the Potomac. them through a clearing and woods, where they continued the fighting until recalled,passing back over our dead and wounded forming a new line on a wagon road, running through the woods. Here, while being moved to the rear in the direction 44 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT of the Nine Mile Road to connect with the brigade, it was met by Generals Couch and Abercrombie. The enemy being very close, Couch, in order to deceive them, began giving in loud tones orders as though manoeuvring a division, and leaving the Twenty-third, he, with the Sixty-first and Eighty- second Pennsylvania,, Sixty- fifth New York and Seventh Massachusetts, formed a new line to the right and rear of Fair Oaks Station. The regi- ment, again advancing through the woods, drove the enemy into the clear fields, where could be seen large masses moving in the direc- tion to cross the railroad. Fire being opened upon them, here the regiment became HENRY A. MARCHANT, SO hoUy engaged that it Capt. Co. I. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. ^g^^ drivCn back slowly tO the Nine Mile Road. Lying down, facing and firing on the front and both flanks, the enemy could be seen passing down the railroad across the Nine Mile Road and to the left crossing the road. They maintained this position with no support on either flanks under a most severe fire. Fortu- nately it was high, the balls going through the limbs of the trees ; they had held the enemy in check in this neck of woods for two hours. Finally Colonel Neill, finding the regiment was attacked on the front, right and left flanks, with no support, ordered the men to retire through an abatis or fallen timber to their old camp on the Nine Mile Road. It appears now that Couch, in order to gain time, so that he could form the balance of our brigade. Sixty-first and Thirty-first (afterwards known as the Eighty-second) Penn- sylvania and Sixty-fafth New York, the " Chasseurs," to the rear and right of Fair Oaks Station at the Adams farm house, left the Twenty-third in this angle in the woods to hold the enemy in check. This they did until ordered to retire. The regiment at this period was isolated from its brigade, division and corps commanders — in fact, was fighting on its own PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 45 hook. Reaching the camp, they faced to the rear to receive the attack of the enemy who had passed around the abatis. While thus engaged a regiment moving up the Nine Mile Road broke and coming back on the Twenty-third threw the line into confusion, but the men quickly rallied, holding the position for a half hour until ordered out. The resistance of the regiment in its old camp, in conjunction with the First Long Island, Sixty-seventh New York on its left, was evi- denced in the number of the enemy's killed that was strewn over that portion of the field. A new hne having been formed to its rear, the regiment was brought back and placed in the middle of the line ; here it remained until ordered back to the Williamsburg Road. At this time none of our troops were to the right of the Williamsburg Road or beyond the Nine Mile Road. Opening fire on the enemy to the right of the Nine Mile Road, caused him considerable trouble. At this juncture, part of Heintzelman's Division arrived, and, again crossing the Nine Mile Road, facing in the direction of the railroad, drove the enemy's advance back to his main line. As we halted in the woods. Colonel Neill came riding along the line on a new mount, his horse having been killed, fol- lowed by a colt belonging to the mare he was riding. As he neared the colors. Lieutenant Marchant, in com- mand of the color company, which numbered about seven men at this moment, called his attention to the color ser- geant and guard — all being killed or wounded. The col- onel inquired who are the men guarding the colors, and the "My company." "All right, they have taken good care of the colors so far ; we will trust them in their custody for the balance of the day." THOMAS J. ARMSTRONG, Lieut. Co. G. Died January 2, 1861 lieutenant, saluting, replied 46 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ^ ^f- « MAJ.-GEN'L W. B. FRANKLIN, Commanding Sixth Corps. While here the regiment was relieved by troops from Heintzelman's Division and went into bivouac at the breast- works. It was dark when the command reached its final position. As the regiment, with its colors, came into the works they were greeted by the boys who had become lost in the charges in the woods, and many a hearty handshake was had, as they believed the regiment had been captured. The regiment lost no prisoners, except those badly wounded, who were unable to leave the field ; thirty-five of the enemy were captured. We find from official reports that Couch's, Casey's, Hooker's and Heintzelman's Divisions were contending with the whole Confederate Army — Long- street's, Hugar and Smith's Corps, under the command of General Joseph Johnson, who being wounded just before dark, was succeeded by General Gustavus Smith, who, about noon of June I, was succeeded by General Robert E. Lee, who ever after held command of the Army of Northern Virginia. The rain of the night before the action had washed away the bridges crossing the Chickahominy, and these divisions being isolated from the rest of the Army of the Potomac, the Richmond authorities deemed it a good time to effect their capture. By four o'clock, however, the bridges were repaired and reinforcements began to arrive with the advance of Sedg- wick's and Richardson's Divisions of Sumner's Corps, and when night closed the lines were secure. The next day the battle was resumed, and before the action ended the Con- federates were driven back to their works at Richmond, leav- ing their dead and wounded in our lines. Seven officers of the regiment were wounded, viz : Major John Ely, Adjutant Thos. K. Boggs, Captains Edwin Palmer, Wm. J. Wallace, John F. Glenn and Lieutenants George Wood and Wm. J. McFalls, and one hundred and seventy men killed and wounded. Company C did not participate with the regiment in the action, they being on picket on the right. When the enemy PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 47 attacked, they were driven in, passing down by way of the Nine Mile Road and the railroad, joining Birney's Brigade of Kearney's Division. The company was complimented by General Birney for its efficient service. Company B was left in camp as camp guard when the regiment moved for the front. As the action proceeded it went in to the support of Miller's Battery, gathering up arms from the wounded and stragglers. Captain Hildebrand placed his men in the trenches in front of the battery and when the enemy drove in Casey's line and pressed on to take Miller's guns, the latter opened on them with canister, and aided by the fire of Company B — each man having at least six guns loaded, when the rebels charged — they were driven back. Company B remained with the battery until it was retired, when it joined the regiment as it was falling back from its old camp. Colonel Neill, in his official report, says : "A portion of the regiment under command of Captain Glenn, Twenty- third Pennsylvania, having become accidentally separated in the dense woods in which we were operating, was called upon by an aide of General Heintzelman to sup- port a battery. Captain Glenn rallied one hundred men around him and volun- teered this service. The duty was well performed until they were relieved." The troops the regiment engaged beyond the Nine Mile Road and in its camp was the Twenty-seventh Georgia, Sixth South Caro- lina, Twenty-eighth Georgia and Palmetto Sharp-shooters (Jenkins), under the command of Colonel Micah Jenkins, who was afterwards killed in the Wilderness, while serving as brigadier-general under Longstreet. The next morning the regiment, with General Palmer's command and squadron of cavalry, was ordered through White Oak Swamp. Here it intercepted troops coming in on THOMAS HABBERMAKER, Company B. Killed, Winchester, Sept. 19, 18 48 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT the roads leading from Richmond, preventing a flank attack and losing several men wounded. While on this duty it was the extreme left of the army in the battle of June ist, when the enemy were driven off the field. That night the Con- MAJ.-GEN'L JOHN SEDGWICK, Commanding Sixth Corps. Killed at Spottsylvania, May 9, 1864. federates fell back to Richmond, and the regiment returned to the position in the line behind the works on the Williamsburg Road. On returning to the old camp it was found devastated and all the equipage lost. LOSSES AT FAIR OAKS. Killed, wounded and missing as per General McClellan's report : ly/iion—rSumner, 1223 Heintzelman, 1394 Keyes, 3120— Total, 5737. Killed, wounded and missing as per General J. E. John- son's report. Confederate — Longstreet and Smith, 4283 D. H. Hill, 2500— Total, 6783. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 49 The following is an extract from Report of General Keyes, the corps commander: * * * " At a little past two o'clock I ordered Neill's Twenty-third and Rippey's Sixty- first Pennsylvania Regiments to move to the support of Casey's right. Neill attacked the enemy twice with great gallantry. In the first attack the enemy were driven back ; in the second attack, and under the immediate com- mand of General Couch, these two regiments assailed a vastly superior force of the enemy and fought with ex- traordinary bravery, though compelled at last to retire, they brought in thirty-five prisoners. Both regiments were badly cut up. After this attack the Twenty -third took part in the hard fight- ing which closed the day near Seven Pines. * * * " Some of the Tenth Massachusetts, now under the command of Captain Miller ; the Ninety-third Pennsyl- vania, under Colonel McCarter, of Peck's Pirigade ; the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, under Colonel Neill, of Aber- crombie's Brigade ; a portion of the Thirty-sixth New York, Colonel Innes ; a portion of the Fifty-fifth New York, and the First Long Island, Colonel Adams, together with frag- ments of other regiments of Couch's Division, still contended on the right of this line, while a number of troops that I did not recognize occupied the space between me and them. "As the ground was miry and encumbered with fallen trees, I dismounted and mingled with the troops. The first I questioned belonged to Kearney's Division, Berry's Brigade, Heintzelman's Corps ; the next to the Fifty-sixth New York, now under command of its fieu tenant-colonel, and the third belonged to the One Hundred and Tenth Pennsylvania, of Casey's Division. " I took out m)'- glass to examine a steady, compact line of troops about sixty-five yards in advance, the extent of CAPT. JAMES M. CRAIG, Co. H. Died of Wounds Received at Cold Harbor. 50 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT which toward our right I could not discover. The Una in front was so quiet that I thought they might possibly be our own troops. " The vapors from the swamp, the leaves, and the fading light (for it was then 6 o'clock) rendered it uncertain who they were, so I directed the men to get their aim, but to reserve their fire until I could go up to the left and examine — at the same time that they must hold that line or the battle would be lost. They replied with a firm determination to stand their ground. " I had just time to put up my glass and move ten paces toward the left of the line, where my horse stood, but while I was in the act of mount- ing as fierce a fire of musketry was opened as any I had heard during the day. The fire from our side was so deadly that the heavy masses of the enemy coming in on the right, which before had been held back for nearly two hours (that being about the time con- sumed in passing over less than a thousand yards) by about a third part of Couch's Division, were now arrested. The last line, formed of portions of Couch's and Casey's Divisions and a portion of Kearney's Division, checked the advance of the enemy and finally repulsed him. And this was the beginning of the victory which, on the follow- ing day, was so gloriously completed." General Abercrombie, in command of the brigade, in his report says: * * * " Shortly afterwards the Sixty-first was placed in position near the Twenty-third, then already engaged." * * * " -phe dead of the enemy on the portion MAJ.-GEN'L HORATIO G. WRIGHT, Commanding; Sixth Corps From May, 1S64, to close of war T^rF~ 51 52 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT of the battlefield occupied by the First Long Island and Twenty-third and Sixty-first Pennsylvania are proofs I have of the gallantry displayed by these regiments. Picket lines were established and the regiment went into camp to the right of the railroad, its position being on the left of the Philadelphia Brig- ade of Sumner's Corps. While here, on June 7th, it was sent to the support of the picket lines in front of a brigade of the Second Corps. Passing through their camps and crossing the breastworks, the regiment bivouacked for the night in the woods, with in- structions to sleep on their arms. At dawn it moved to the edge of a clearing, and soon the Rebs charged with a yell, driving in the pickets. Colonel Neill would not, how- ever, allow the latter to pass through our lines, compelling them to lie down in front as the Johnnies made their appearance on the opposite end of the field. As the Rebs attempted to advance no further, the colonel ordered Captain John F Glenn to take Companies A and B and re-occupy the picket posts, which command was promptly executed. When the detail returned, the regiment was ordered back to camp, and on the way out we saw that the whole army was in line of battle. The severe picket fight of the early morning was no doubt explained as a general advance of the enemy, but if so intended it was recalled. The regiment remained on the battlefield until the i6th, when it was relieved by fresh troops and ordered to a new camp on the left of the line, beyond Seven Pines, being con- stantly engaged in picket fighting. At the commencement of the Seven Days' Fight one wing of the Twenty-third, com- posed of Companies A, C, H, I and K, under command of Colonel Neill, was posted on the eastern edge of White Oak Swamp, to prevent the enemy from turning the left flank of the army then on a retrograde movement to the James River JACOB HARP, Cos. F. and K. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 53 during which it lost several wounded. That night the left wing of the regiment, commanded by Captain John F. Glenn, held the picket line in White Oak Swamp, while the army passed to the rear. This was a most important picket. All night long the Army of the Potomac was passing to the rear for the purpose of assuming a new position, while the Army of Northern Virginia was massing in front for the next day's engagement. The roar and rumble of both armies could be distinctly heard, so close were the picket lines of the contending armies that the commands given by one side were easily distinguish- able by the other. The anxiety was so great that Colonel Glenn, the Field Officer of the day, with the " grand rounds" came along about every fifteen minutes. That night the countersign was " Austerlitz " and it kept the boys guessing what was the word ; the nearest we could get to it was " oyster snitz." This wing participated in the opening of the Battle of Charles City Cross-Roads, losing several men, and after marching all night through the dismal shades of the swamps^ it arrived at Haxall's Plantation, on the James, where the two wings of the regiment were united. As we marched up the road in the direction of Malvern Hill, General McClellan and staff passed us, being received with the greatest enthusiasm. Moving to the top of the hill, we participated in the action of Turkey Bend, having several men wounded. This action was fought principally by the batteries. Holmes' Division having been sent out from Rich- mond to secure Malvern Hill. Our division — Couch's — having arrived first with the artillery, made the position secure, and, with good battery practice, soon drove Holmes off. This was the extreme left of our line during the action at Charles City Cross-Roads. On the top of the hill, overlooking the valley of the James, was an old M.AJ.-GEN'L DON CARLOS BUELL, Commanded the Division in 1861. CD w w Z P J o > > >" Z M ^ o Z W I < o m PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 56 colonial mansion called the Malvern House, which was used as a signal station to communicate with the gunboats in the James River. The next day was the last day of the Seven Days' Fight, known as Malvern Hill, which is notable as one of the best stand-up fights be- tween the Army of the Poto- mac and Army of Northern Virginia. No breastworks or trees abounded to afford pro- tection, therefore it was an open field action, because up to that time neither army had realized the importance of hastily constructed entrench- ments. Shortly after daylight the regiment swung into line of battle, lying down facing a woods. Shortly afterwards it was moved into a road, hug- ging its right bank, as while in this position it was exposed to a heavy artillery fire from the left flank. About 2 P. M. it was detached and sent to General Howe — who was hotly engaged on the right — and ordered to the support of a battery. While passing through a field of grain the enemy opened on us with spherical case-shot and as the regiment emerged into the clearing, it was found that the battery — " Snow's" Maryland — ^was body engaged with a rebel battery across a ravine, and that sharpshooters con- cealed in the latter were picking off the battery boys. Captain Glenn was detailed, with his company, to drive the sharp- shooters out, and after quite a spirited fight forced them to abandon the ravine. Then began one of the shortest and sharpest battery practices possible, resulting in the rebel guns being disabled and destroyed. During the time that this was transpiring the regiment was hugging the ground in ' the rear of the guns, while an enfilading fire from batteries on the left was sweeping the ground a few feet in their rear, throwing the sand all over them. About this time a grand charge was made by the rebel Co. E. JOHN McGlNNIS, Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. 56 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT lines upon Morrell's and Couch's Divisions, which held the front. The volume of 3'ells as they came on was soon drowned by cheers from the Union side, and the onslaught was repulsed. The first charge took place while the regiment was in support of the battery, whose position was in the bend of the line at its turn to the right. When the rebel battery was silenced the regiment was moved to the left, reporting to its brigade com- mander, General Abercrombie, and, swinging into line of SHALER'S BRIGADE at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. battle, relieved two of the regiments of the brigade in Couch's line. The left of the regiment was here in a most trying position, as the batteries immediately in the rear were firing over the heads of the men. Several were killed and wounded by the premature explosion of our own shells, but the position was a vital one and necessary to maintain. Colonel Neill, riding up to the artillery, demanded that the guns be more ele- PENNSYLN'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 57 vated so as to clear the line. Soon was discerned, a quarter of a mile across the clear fields, three lines of battle emerging from the woods in division front. They swept on — the batteries, meanwhile, making great gaps in their lines — until well within range, when our lines opened on them. The Twenty-third held its fire until the enemy were close up, when we poured in a point-blank volley, rapidly loading, and firing with fearful effect. The men did not take time enough to return the MAJ.-GEX'L DARIUS X. COUCH, Commanding 3rd Division, Sixth Corps. rammers, but stuck them in the ground, continuing until the enemy was finallv forced to retire. As the smoke lifted off the field, the Rebs were again observed to be advancing at a charge, and, when within one hundred yards of our line, with yells they came on at a double-quick. It was a most critical moment, but our men held firm, pouring into the enemy a constant fire, finally compelling them to again beat a retreat. It was 58 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT now quite dark, and our ammunition was exhausted, sixty- rounds having been used in the action. When the engage- ment closed the regiment stacked arms on the field. Colonel Neill informing the men that we must depend upon the bayonet until relieved or until he could get ammunition. It was our luck to bivouac in front of some wheat stacks, and soon we were sleeping as unconcerned as if ensconced in a feather bed. It appears that at the opening of the fight General Lee, feeling unwell, called General Longstreet to temporary ser- vice near him, while he rode to the left with Jackson's column MAL\-ERN HILL HOUSE. This stands on Ihe apex of the hill overlooking the valley of the James River. During the battle it was used as a Signal Station. to view the troops on that front. Longstreet was ordered to make a reconnoissance with the divisions of Huger and Magruder to the right, and to report the feasibility of an aggressive battle. An elevated plateau was found on their right front, as high as that on the Union side, from which a view- was possible along the Union front and of the open ground as far as Jackson's field. From the crest of this ridge, the ground dropped off sharply some eighteen inches or two feet to a lower terrace, forming a natural parapet and terre-plein capable of accommodating sixty guns massed. Longstreet reported PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 59 to Lee that Porter's batteries, under the cross-fire of the Con- federates thus posted on his left and front, could be thrown into disorder and in this manner make way for combined assaults of the infantry. Lee ordered a disposition of his forces accordingly, sending the pioneer corps to cut a road for the batteries in this position on their right. The most convenient point for observing the effect of the artillery fire was occupied by General Armistead's brigade, obliquely and in front of Mor- rell's division. Porter, whose batteries had been engaged with Jackson on the left of the Confederate position, as soon as he discovered their artillery going into position to his left and front, concentrated his fire in that direction, and as fast as they came into position, piled them into a mass, rendering them hors ihi combat. Lee about this time concluded to make an efTort to turn the L^nion right, and, with Longstreet, rode in that direction in search of a route, at the same time ordering the reserves to make the move. As they started on the march the troops on their right advanced and were soon engaged. The march was arrested, and soon the assault along the line from left to right began. The Confederates attacked in splendid style, making repeated brave charges. Finally, however, they were repulsed along the entire line. The writer afterwards had a conversation about the battle with a Confederate sergeant who was wounded and captured in one of the later battles, and in speaking of this engagement he said that after the last charge he was unable to find any member of his company until 9 o'clock the next morning, that the roads and woods were filled with their demoralized troops en route to Richmond, and it was not until 11 A. M. the next day that as one of the skirmishers advanced to our position to agreeably find our army gone. MAJ.-GEX'L JOHN NEWTOX. Commanding 3rd Division, Sixth Corps. 60 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT The troops that fought this battle were Morrell's, Couch's, Sykes', Hooker's and Kearney's Divisions of the Union Army against Magruder's, Hugar's, D. H. Hill's, Whiting's, Ewell's and A. P. Hill's Divisions of the Confederate forces, the brunt of the attacks falling upon Morrell's Division of Porter's Corps and Couch's Division of Keyes' Corps. The Confederate loss was 5000 ; Union loss was 2000 killed and wounded. REPORT OF BRIG. GEN. JOHN J. ABERCROMBIE, U. S., Commanding Second Brigade at the Battle of Malvern Hill. Headquarters Abercrombie's Brigade. Camp near Harrison's Landing, Va. , July 12, 1862. Captain : — I have the honor to submit the following report of the part taken by my brigade in the action of ist July, 1862: On the 30th of June, my brigade crossed Turkey Creek Bridge and proceeded on the road to Richmond about two miles, and deployed into line of battle to the right of the road in an elevated field, where it remained for a few hours; but finding my position much exposed to the enemy's shells at long range, another and a less e.xposed position was taken. No advances being made by the rebels, the brigade bivou- acked for the night. Early on the morning of the ist instant, orders from division headquarters were received to cross a ravine immediately in front of my hne, to support a por- tion of Howe's brigade and sev- eral batteries previously advanced to Malvern Hill. It was soon discovered the enemy was pre- paring for an attack, both in front and on our left, as they were seen to emerge in great force in both directions. Two regiments, viz. , the First U. S. Chasseurs, and the Sixty-first Pennsylvania Vol- unteers, moved up to the support of Griffin' s battery, and the Sixty-sec- ond New York. With the three other regiments of my brigade, viz. , Thirty-first and Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers and First Long Island, I moved to the support of General Howe's brigade, and took JOH.\ CARROLL, Co. E. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1S64. PENNSYL\'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 61 up a position on the crest of the hill on the right of the tongue of woods. Subsequently the First U. S. Chasseurs and Thirty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers were ordered to take up their position in line of battle across the extreme point of this tongue of woods in support of General Pal- mer' s brigade. The Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers were sent to the support of General Howe's brigade, while the re- maining regiments, First Long- Island Volunteers and Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, formed line of battle on the edge of tim- ber, almost perpendicular to the batteries. The enemy appearing in large force on the left, with the obvious intention of charging the batteries, the Long Island and Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volun- teers, changed front by the left, and forming in front and under the fire of the batteries, they held this position under a heavy fire of the enemy, until relieved (their ammunition being exhausted) by the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volun- teers, Colonel Neill, who continued a heavy fire upon the enemy until dark, when sixty rounds per man having been expended, they were relieved by a regiment of General Sickel's brigade. The First Chasseurs and the Thirty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers meanwhile had been under a heavy fire from the enemy' s artillery and infantry, and after expending all their ammunition, they were relieved by some regiments of General Hooker's division. The brigade then returned to the position they had occupied in the morning, where they bivouacked until orders were received to take up the line of march. From early in the morning until dark, the brigade was exposed to a storm of shot and shell from the enemy' s batteries, and during the afternoon was hotly engaged with a much superior force of the enemy' s infantry. During the heat of the contest, and while the brigade was between the enemy and our own batteries (which were firing over their heads), several unfortunate accidents occurred, which resulted in the loss of several men. In consequence, I was induced to ride up to them, with a view of increasing the elevation of some of the pieces, and again to communicate with the division commander. General Couch, whom I ALBERT G. RUSSELL, Co, C. Killed at Cold Harbor, June I, i8 €2 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT found nearby, in a much exposed position, calmly directing the opera- tions of his division, when I informed him of the fact that most of the regiments of my brigade had expended all of their ammunition (60 rounds), when a portion of General Hooker's division was ordered to relieve him. The regiments comprising my brigade all acquitted themselves throughout the battle in a highly commendable manner, and acted, with a very few exceptions, like veterans. If the Sixty-first Pennsyl- vania Volunteers ever lost anything previously, they more than regained it this time. The commanders of regiments — Colonel Shaler, of the First Chasseurs; Colonel Cross, of the First Long Island; Colonel Neill, of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, and Lieutenant-Colonel Vallee, commanding temporarily the Sixty-first Pennsylvania — exhib- ited a great degree of coolness, and managed their regiments in a most satisfactory manner. Col- onel Williams' regiment having been engaged for the greater part of the time farther to the right with General Howe's brigade, I am unable to say more than this. From their uniform good conduct in other battles, I have no doubt that it and its commander con- ducted themselves most gallantly. In alluding to the line offi- cers, I should be doing a great injustice to my personal staff. Lieutenants Appleton and Slip- per, were I to omit alluding to their soldierly bearing and promptness in communicating my orders during the hottest of the fight, and, of some seven or eight it has been my lot to be engaged in during a long period of military life, the hottest of them all. These gentlemen — Lieutenant Appleton particularly — conducted regiments to their respective positions in the coolest and most gallant manner, for which they deserve especial at- tention. A tabular account, together with a nominal list of killed, wounded and missing, has already been forwarded. I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. J. ABERCROMBIE, Brigadier-General, Commanding Brigade. Captain Francis A. Walker, Assistant Adjutant-General. Co. E. HENRY TATE, Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 63 REPORT OF BRIG. GEN. ALBION P. HOWE, Commanding First Brigade, at the Battle of Malvern Hill. Headquarters Howe's Brigade, Couch's Division. Harrison's Landing, Va. , July 5, 1862. Captain: — In obedience to the instructions from the headquarters of the First Division, Fourth Army Corps, I have the honor to submit a report of the operations of the brigade under my command at the battle of Malvern Hill, on the ist instant. BVT. MAJ.-GEN'L DA\'ID A. RUSSELL, Division Commander Killed at Winchester, Sept. 19, 1S64. The brigade on that day was composed of the following regiments, viz : The One Hundred and Second Pennsylvania, commanded by Col- onel Rowley ; the Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania, commanded by Colonel BaUier ; the Ninety-third Pennsylvania, commanded by Captain Long; the Sixty-second New York, commanded by Colonel Nevin, and the Fifty-fifth New York, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Thourot. The position of the brigade was on the right of the division line of 64 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT battle, the right of the brigade resting on a deep ravine running obliquely to the front, and impassable for artillery and cavalry, but prac- ticable for infantry, the edge of the ravine on the right being covered by a thin belt of woods. From the right the brigade line extended to the left in an open field, except at a small space of woods which covered the left centre. The g-round in our rear was uncov- ered for three-fourths of a mile. In front of our line of battle the ground.was open and admitted the easy passage of any troops ex- cept in front of our left centre, which was wooded, the cover ex- tending to within some 500 yards of our front. The brigade line was formed a little before S A. M., and immediately after Captain Moser's (?) New York battery re- ported to me and was posted in our line so as to sweep the open ground in our front, and if neces- sary to shell the woods. Before the enemy had completed his dis- position for attack, having already got some of his artillery into position in our front, an order was re- ceived withdrawing Captain Moser's (?) battery, and although the ground was admirably adapted for the play of artillery, I was left for a time without any with which I could reply to that of the enemy. A little before 9 A. M. the enemy succeeded in placing a field battery about 1200 yards in advance of our front, and a second battery at a more distant point to our right and front. When the enemy, without any annoyance from us, had quite completed his artillery^ preparations, he opened fire upon our lines with his two batteries. Their artillerymen were without the range of our rifles, and I ordered the brigade to lie down and await the advance of their infantry. The rebel battery nearest us was worked with much speed and some skill, occasionally doing some little injury within our lines ; but the battery more distant was not worthy of any notice, doing us no manner of injury or even approaching it. When the rebel batteries had continued their fire to their satisfac- tion the enemy then formed, under cover of the woods in our front, a large body of infantry, and attacked our centre. When the attacking force came within the range of our arms our whole line sprung to their WILLIAM JOHNSON, Co. E. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, i8i PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 65 feet and poured into the enemy a withering fire. The rebels stood up well to their work and largely outnumbered us, but our men had the vantage ground and were determined not to yield it. The firing con- tinued with much violence on both sides, but the fire of the enemy, being generally too high, did us comparatively little injury. Soon, however, the advantage of our grounds and the superiority of our arms became evident in the effect of our fire upon the enemy. The enemy began to waiver. I then ordered the One Hundred and Second Penn- sylvania, Colonel Rowley, which was held in reserve, to advance with our hne upon the enemy. Nobly and gallantly did every man of the regiment respond to the order and the impetuous dash of our men the enemy could not stand, but gave way, and were sent back, much cut up and in disorder, over the ground on which they advanced. This success gave us much advantage of position, by allowing the left centre of the brigade line to rest upon the woods, some 800 yards in advance of our first position, and at the same time affording us a cross-fire upon any second attempt of the enemy upon our position. At this time I was reinforced by detachments from the Maine regiments, which, being posted on my right in support of the Ninety- third Pennsylvania, gave me much additional strength. I was soon again reinforced by Captain (Snow's) battery and the Twenty- third Pennsylvania regiment. Col- onel Neill. The enemy's batteries, after the repulse they met with, dis- continued their fire, but kept their position. On being reinforced by Cap- tain (Snow's) battery, I immed- iately placed it in a favorable posi- tion to bear upon the rebel battery that had annoyed us with its fire in the beginning of the action. The battery at once opened fire upon them with fine effect, the spherical case-shot doing good ex- ecution on their teams and among their artillerymen. The rebel bat- tery replied spiritedly for a time, and after a sharp cannonading from our battery it drew off the field. During this cannonading the enemy kept up a sharp fire of musketry at long range but with little or no effect. BRIG.-GEN'L J. J. ABERCROMBIE, Brigade Commander. 66 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT In the meantime I was again reinforced by two other Pennsyl- vania regiments, under the command of Colonel Barlow, from General Caldwell's brigade. The firing now became very heavy on the part of the division on my left and by the aid of a glass I could discover the rapid movement of bodies of the enemy to my left. At this time a division staff officer came to me for any assistance I could send to our left. I immediately advanced the battery and the three last regiments that had come to my support to the left. The enemy again came down upon the left and centre of our division in strong force and was again repulsed. Colonel Nevin's regiment, the Sixty-second New York, on the left of my brigade, gallantly joining with the left of the division in the repulse. The enemy again rallied and the firing continued sharp along the whole line of the division. About this time, between 6 and 7 P. M., my brigade was reinforced by Captain De Russy's regular battery of the Fourth Artillery, which was at this time of great assistance, as night was coming on and the enemy seemed determined to make one more last effort before abandoning the field. The battery took a fine position, and delivered its fire, with that of the whole brigade and division ink line, with marked effect, until GEORGE CLARK, r ti at i i Co. E. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. after 9 P. M. , wheu the enemy gave up the field. I inclose herewith a list of the casualties in the brigade during the day, and when it is considered that the brigade was under fire over twelve hours, and a portion of the time hotly engaged, I think the whole loss sustained, being in the aggregate 208, will be considered small. More than thanks are justly due to Captain J. Heron Foster, of the One Hundred and Second Pennsylvania Regiment, a member of my staff, for the gallantry and untiring energy with which he performed far more that his duties from early morning until late at night. He was the only staff officer I had during most of the day, the other members of the staf? being disabled early in the action. I am. Captain, \'ery respectfully, your obedient servant, R. P. HOWE, Brigadier-General. Captain Francis A. Walker, Assistant Adjutant-General, Couch's Division, Fourth Corps. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTR^^ 67 Headquarters Couch's Division. Camp Near Harrison's Landing, Va. , July 5, 1862. General: — I have the honor to state that at 2 o'clock, A. M., July I , current, General Sumner, to whose support I had marched with two brigades the night previous, gave me orders to return to the posi- tion occupied the evening be- fore on Malvern Hill. These brigades were posted on the right of the James River road, looking westward. The other brigade of the division — Aber- crombie' s — lay a few hundred yards to the rear. The Seventh Massachusetts and Second Rhode Island, being on detached service, much weakened the command. Part of Porter's corps was to my left across the road, including two batteries. Kingsbury' s splendid battery (formerly Griffin's) was on my left front. Palmer's brigade in a strong wooded ravine a little to the right of the battery, and run- ning to the front 200 yards. One of Howe's regiments. Sixty-second New York, was strongly posted in a peach orchard to the rear and between the battery and Palmer. To the right of Palmer was an oat field, sloping to the front and skirted on the right by a tangled marsh and wooded bank. This was my right and held by General Howe. In the course of the morning he was re-enforced by part of Abercrombie's command, and the balance occupied the ground with Palmer. My own artillery being several miles to the rear, General Heintzelman sent me a battery for my right, but afterwards withdrew it, to place it, probably, on his own front. To my right lay Kearney, who, during the day, advanced two regiments of Robinson's brigade to sustain Howe in case of need. The ground in front of me was open to within 100 to 150 yards from right to left. Across the road in front of Griffin the country was open for three-fourths of a mile, making it very favorable for our artillery. General McClellan rode over the ground in the morning with the engineer officers, and designated the ground different corps were to BRIG.-GEN'L ALE.XAXDER SHALER, Brigade Commander. 68 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT occupy. General Porter also rode up about the same time. By 8 o' clock A. M. , there were signs of the rebels in front, and at nine o' olock, Berdans' sharpshooters were driven in. The rebels were driven off by artillery alone. From this time until i P. M. , the contest was on, both sides in the hands of the artillerists; then they pushed forward a column to carry the left of the line held by Griffin. They were driven back disorganized and cut up by our artillery alone. Their batteries played upon us without intermission, but owing to the care used in masking the men our loss from it was not serious, with the exception of a battery to the right, that enfiladed my position. About 3 P. M., a brigade broke through the opening of the woods in front of Palmer and Abercrombie, but Kingsbury's battery, together with the steady fire of the Tenth Massachusetts and a charge of the Thirty-sixth New York, drove them back in confusion, the latter regiment capturing the colors of the Fourteenth North Carolina in hand conflicts. This movement of the rebels was a rash one or a ruse to draw our troops on to disadvantageous ground — undoubtedly the lat- ter — and it did not succeed. The enemy was now massing large columns on our front. At about 4. 30 P. M. , after an incessant cannonade, they boldly pushed forward a large column from their right in the open field to carry Griffin's position. The fire of the three batteries was concen- trated upon them. Kingsbury's battery having been withdrawn for ammunition, was relieved by three guns of Battery C, Rhode Island Artillery, and two guns (Allen's Fifth Massachusetts) under Captain Weeden. The at- tacking column kept on, continu- ally re-enforced, until within range of Griffin's rifles, when it was stopped and formed line. From this time until 8 P. M. , there was enacted one of the sub- limest sights ever presented in war, resulting in a glorious vic- tory to our arms. The action now being gen- eral, I assumed command of the whole line for the time, ordered up the reserves on the left; placed in position regiments falling back, and halted those bravely moving forward, many of the regiments having already masked the fire of our artillery. Upon seeing the advance on the left, Abercrombie and Palmer pushed forward JOHN SHELJ.ATjy, Co. E. Killed aL Cold Harbor, June i, T.S64. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 69 their brigades in front of the artillery, in order to drive back the foe. The enemy continually re-enforced their column of attack, besides advancing heavy reserves in support. Abercrombie and Palmer became engaged to their left and right. General Caldwell, of Richardson's division, having been sent to my support by General Sumner, now went into action joining my brave division, fiercely engaged. The enemy were making desperate efforts to drive in my right. Gen- eral Heintzelman sent me Seeley's battery, which, under DeRussy, chief of the artillery, and with the advice of General Howe, was es- tablished on the ground held by this latter officer. It did its duty well. General Porter came upon the ground about 6 P. M. Later General Sickles, of Hooker's divi- sion, reported to me with three regiments, leading his men directly into action, relieving some of my division, whose ammunition was expended. At about 7 P. M. , General Meagher, with his brigade, reported to me from General Sumner, and was posted on the left of Grififin's batteries. Night closed upon us still fighting, the opposing forces only known by their line of fire, that of the rebels gradually slackening until 8. 30 P. M. , after which an occasional cannon shot from our batteries only broke the stillness that pervaded this bloody field. Thus ended the battle of Malvern Hill, which caused great carnage and demoralization among the best divisions of the enemy, with comparatively small loss on our side. Generals Abercrombie and Palmer formed a line with their brigades that not a private retreated from. General Howe, on the right, held his position and drove the enemy back. Your attention is particularly called to the reports of these officers accompanying; also to the reports of Generals Caldwell, Sickles and Meagher, for which I refer you to their division commanders and to those of the artillery officers from reports to their respective chiefs. This army did brilliant service. It could not have been excelled. My thanks are due to General Sumner for his prompt assistance and anticipation of my wants; also to General Heintzelman. General Kearney rode over my lines during the morning and I am indebted to him for some valuable information, as regards dispositions. JOHN McKERNON, Co. A, and Lieutenant'Co. F, 82d P. V. Killed at Petersburg, April 2, 1865. 70 PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Captain D. F. Parker, division quartermaster, joined me on the field, also Lieutenant Eccleston, provost marshal. Brave and collected, these gentlemen were always ready to go where the fight was thickest. They have my thanks and admiration for their conduct. Lieutenant Smith, Eighth Illinois Cavalry, did me excellent service. Cap- tain Walker, assistant adjutant- general of my staff, and Lieutenant Burt, aide-de-camp, were near me to take my orders and anticipate my wishes on the field. Having received orders from General McClellan to fall back, my troops were gradually with- drawn from the field. Captain Benson, who had relieved the Massachusetts and Rhode Island batteries after dark, left one sec- tion of his artillery. General Sickles, who was very active on the field at this time, drew off the rear in admirable order. His brigade was the last to leave. This was at midnight. From some prisoners we learned that the enemy was falling back, expecting to be attacked in the morning. Both armies retreated; the one because it was beaten, the other because it was a part of the plans of our general. I have the honor to be. General, very respectfully, your obedient servant. D. A. COUCH, Brigadier General, Commanding First Division, Fourth Corps. Brigadier General S. W^illiams, A. A. G. Headquarters Army of the Potomac. HUGH McMICHAEL, Corporal Co. E. Died of Wounds Received at Cold Harbor. REPORT OF BRIGADIER GENERAL DARIUS N. COUCH, Commanding First Division of Operations June 25th to July ist, in- cluding Skirmish on James River Road and Battle of Malvern Hill. Headquarters Couch's Division, Harrison's Landing, Va. , July nth, 1862. Sir : — In obedience to instructions, I have the honor to report the following in reference to my division ; 72 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT On the morning of June 25th, I had orders from General Keyes to move forward two brigades to support Hooker, who was engaged with the enemy beyond Seven Pines. Palmer's and Howe's were pushed forward and held in reserve until about 2.30 P. M., when the former was ordered up by General McClellan to report to General Heintzelman. It was moved into the woods in front, where Hooker had been engaged, I accompanying the brigade rather as a volunteer, seeing that it was taken from under my command. It was deployed in the woods under Palmer, and lay there until next day. During the afternoon it was a good deal exposed to fire from some of the enemy's rifled guns and at night to a heavy fire of musketry. The loss in killed and wounded was as follows r Commissioned officers — killed, I ; wounded 4. Enlisted men — killed 7 ; wounded, 41. On the 27th, at near night. Palmer's brigade, with the exception of the Seventh Massachusetts, which was moved down towards the White Oak Swamp, was ordered to the Chickahominy, to support our troops falling back to the right bank of the stream. Abercrombie's brigade was ordered to Golding's Hill to support Smith. These brigades were recalled the same night, and at 12.30 o'clock that night I was directed to fall back with my whole division and cross White Oak Bridge. Crossing that bridge, I was ordered by General Keyes to take position at the junction of the James River, New Market and Charles City roads. This impor- tant post was occupied by my division, Peck, with a part of his small division, occupying ground to my right and left. On the morning of the 29th of June some of our cavalry on the James River road were driven in by a battalion of North Caro- lina cavalry, who charged clear into my lines, which were so masked as not to be seen. Five guns and a few rifle shots broke them completely up in a few minutes, killing, wounding and capturing 80 to 100 of them, with JOHN F. REEN, ^'^ ^oss to the divisiou. Sergeant Company b. J^ jhe COUrSC of the moming Sykes' brigade crossed the swamp and formed on my right, and many other troops in the course of the day came up. That night my divi- sion formed the advance of the corps, making a night march to Haxall's below Turkey Bridge, on the James River. It was accomplished by PENNSVLX'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 73 sunrise, being one of the most fatiguing marches imaginable, but it was borne by all without a murmur. The Second Rhode Island and Seventh Massachusetts were ordered forward to Turkey Bridge, and at noon, the 30th instant, Abercrombie's brigade in the same direction. At between 3 and 4 P. M. I was directed by General McClellan to move toward Malvern Hill, and attack the enemy in flank should they succeed in forcing our lines on the hill. They did not, and I moved forward and took a strong position for the night, but at dark had JOHN S. LINTON, FRANK M. WORTH, Sergt. Company H. Color Sergt. orders to push forward to Sumner's support, who held the junction of the roads occupied by my division two days before. At 2 o'clock that night Sumner marched to Malvern Hill, my division of two brigades in the advance, he directing me to take post where the division was the night before. Arriving at daylight we began getting into the position we held the day of our glorious victory of Malvern Hill, for an account of which I beg to refer you to a copy 74 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT of my report to the major general commanding the Army of the Potomac. I have the honor to inclose a copy of that report. I am, Captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant, D. N. COUCH, Brigadier General, Commanding Division. Capt. C. C. Suydam, Asst. Adj. Gen., Headquarters Fourth Corps. In this battle the gunboats on the James River protected the left wing- of the army by its fire. A few of their shells fell short, landing in our lines, but, according to the Confederate reports, the naval batteries did them little damage. Here we lay until about 2 A. M., when the army moved off in the direction of Harri- son's Landing. Loss, fifty-five killed and wounded. We found the whole Army of the Potomac massed in the fields near the landing. Soon was heard the familiar screech- ing of a shell, and a short while afterwards Kearney's Division attacked the battery and drove them off Erlington Heights. Thus ended the Seven Days' Fight. About 4 P M. the regi- ment was given ten rounds of ammunition and a ration of crackers, and, amid a rain storm, started for the front, where they were engaged all night and part of the next day in building breastworks. It remained in this locality until the army left the Peninsula, doing picket duty meanwhile ; it also composed part of a force sent to Malvern Hill to drive back the enemy, who were demonstrating from Richmond. This movement was under General Hooker, the brigade being commanded by Colonel Neill and the regi- ment by Captain Glenn. It required a rapid march to get possession of the hill, but proved successful. Harrison's Landing was a large plantation on which was the old colonial mansion of Westover, where the ancestors of ANTHONY SCHAFFER, Co. H. Died of Wounds Received at Cold Harbor. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 75 General William Henry Harrison, of Indian War fame, and of General W. H. Harrison, of the Civil War, both presidents of the United States, once held ownership. At the Landing was an immense fleet of transports. One night the Rebs placed a battery on the opposite heights and shelled the fleet and camps, but they were soon driven off by the gunboats. While here, the Army of the Potomac was reviewed by President Lincoln. No doubt all will recall the first and only time, as an organiza- tion, that we saw "Old Abe," with his high hat and long legs. ^z.ip^^m ■S^"? riding for all he was worth along the line, with General McClellan and staff escorting him. We all had great respect for the " Grand Old Man," and our caps went up in the air as he swept by amid a whirlwind of cheers. The Army of the Potomac, being ordered to the support of Pope, operating on the Hne of the Rappahannock, most of the troops were sent down the James on transports, while Couch's Division was marched overland to Yorktown. The first day upon reaching Charles City Cross Roads, we formed line of battle to check the enemy ; the next day was a long march across the Chickahominy, passing through the old colonial town of Williamsburg, company front, with one drum for music. Here we camped on the old battlefield, reaching Yorktown the next day, where the regiment was employed in 76 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT turning the breastworks that had been built by the Army of the Potomac when it sieged that place. This old colonial settlement we found very much dilapi- dated. It was here that Cornwallis surrendered to Washington and Lafayette, thus ending the Revolutionary War. The old Nelson House was still standing. While here the boys were kept busy throwing down the works, but they had a good time, nevertheless — salt water bathing and fishing for oysters and crabs, with which the York River and its tributaries seemed to abound. On August 28th the regiment embarked on the transport " City of Richmond," proceeding up the Potomac. It was found that the rebels had possession at Acquia Creek, so the transport was compelled to change its destination to Alex- andria. This was our second visit to this old colonial town, where Lord Fairfax, General Washington and others were wont to visit in the early days of Virginia. Christ Church, the Carlyle House of colonial days, and the Marshall House, where Colonel Ellsworth was shot in the Civil War, with the old slave pen, were well worth visiting. But battles were being fought away off at Bull Run, and, as soon as the brigade was landed, we, being the rear of the army, made a forced march for the front, arriving in time to participate in the action at Chantilly. That night the regiment did picket duty on the field, and the next day it supported a battery until 3 P. M., when, with the division — Couch's serving under Hooker — it was de- tailed to cover the rear, form- ing line of battle several times, the enemy following as far as Fairfax. Fairfax we found with the usual court house and few brick buildings. It proved to be the center of the wealthy class of that section. Not far off was Mount Vernon, the home of Washington, but it was not on our line of march, so HENRY W. BANTOM, Co, G, Died Januar>' 27, 1S64. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. JAMES SWEENEY, Co. E. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, i8 we did not have the pleasure or opportunity to pay our respects to the grave of the "Father of His Country," We learn that while no troops were ever-engaged on the planta- tion, many Confederates and Yankees visited the old home- stead, and, be it said to the credit of both, neither the homestead nor grave were disturbed in the least. With the Army of the Potomac the regiment started on the Maryland campaign. Lee having crossed into Mary- land on his invasion, we crossed the Potomac at Chain Bridge and bivouacked at Rockville. Here, on the nth, the brigade was joined by the One Hundred and Twenty- second New York. At Pool- ville the Twenty-third Penn- sylvania, the Thirty-sixth New York, a Rhode Island battery and a squadron of cavalry was detached, under the command of Colonel Neill, to guard the fords from White's to Nolan's Ferry. This was the point where Lee had crossed with his army, and the regiment was engaged in picking up his stragglers, broken-down wagons, etc. This position was the extreme left of the army during the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, and the regiment was, in consequence, prevented from taking an active part in these actions, although it had the misfortune to lose one ofBcer and twenty-four men by capture. Information having been received that a quantity of arms was stored in a barn across the river. Lieutenant Garsed, with twenty-four men of Company B, was detailed to destroy them. Crossing the river with three of the cavalry, he deployed his line to a house half a mile from the river, and, while inspect- ing the barn, the rebel cavalry, under command of Colonel White, charged upon them with three columns. In a short while the squad was surrounded and compelled to surrender. The only man that escaped from Company B was James J. Dougherty, who explained, when he entered our lines, that he 78 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT fell into a ditch, and when the Rebs got the boys all together, White found one missing, and tramped a horse up and down the ditch where " Doc" lay, but did not come far enough to reach him. He remained there until dusk, when he crawled down to the river, and was soon safe within our lines. When the firing began, Colonel Neill sent over the squadron of Rhode Island cavalry, who scouted all the roads and by-ways to Leesburg, but could get no tidings of White's forces. While here the regiment had a good time, as the country was in good condition for forage ; it was a land of milk and honey. On the 20th the command was relieved by a new brigade of the Third Corps and on its way to join the division, Captains Wallace and Wood with Companies A and E were detailed to proceed to Harper s Ferry. Fording the river they captured about twenty-five prisoners of Stonewall Jackson's Corps, from whom we learned that General Miles had surrendered with 1 0,000 men, thus leaving Maryland and Bolivar Heights, with the guns, in possession of Jackson, and giving him an oppor- tunity of pushing on and joining Lee in time to save his army from rout or capture at Antietam. That night the regiment joined the brigade at Sharps- burg and marched to Downs- ville, where it found the brig- ade was part of the Third Division, Sixth Corps. About this time several men of the regiment were transferred to the artillery to fill up the bat- teries that had become de- pleted during the Peninsula campaign. While here Jeb Stuart crossed the Potomac at Hancock's, on his raid, and Couch's Division was sent to JOHN ZAUN, intercept him. After a forced Corp. Co. K. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 1,1864. march ovcr the North Moun- tains, it reached the upper fords and, the men knowing that the lower fords, which they had shortly before left, were guarded, concluded that Jeb Stuart's cavalry were bottled. The next day it was ordered back to camp, the rebel cavalry PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 79 having recrossed the lower fords without firing a shot, the brig- ade guarding that part of the river, having been relieved and sent back to Washington, while Jeb Stuart was lying off in the woods awaiting such an opening. Why this brigade was taken off the fords when Jeb Stuart's cavalry was on our side of the river, giving him the opportunity to escape, has never been explained. While here, the regiment was presented with a new stand of colors by friends from Philadelphia, and on November the first it crossed the Potomac on a pontoon at Berlin, with the Sixth Corps, passing en route Union, where we found a rebel hospital full of their wounded in the recent battles. Passing through Salem and Rectortown, which were the headquarters of Mosby's com- mand, this section of the coun- try was scoured night and day with guerrillas ; stragglers, sutlers' wagons and sparsely guarded wagon-trains being their special prey. On November loth, while at New Baltimore, the regi- ment was drawn up in line to hear read the farewell address of General McClellan, who was succeeded by General Burn- side as commander of the army. This removal of " Little Mac" created considerable feeling,as he was fairly idolized by the Army of the Potomac. Headquarters Army of Potomac. Camp near Rectortown, Va. November 7, 1862. Officers and Soldiers of the Army of the Potomac : An order of the President devolves upon Major-General Burnside the command of this army. In parting from you I cannot express the love and gratitude I have for you.' As an army, you have grown up under my care. In you I have never found doubt or coldness. The battles you have fought under my command will Hve in our nation's history. The glory you have achieved, our mutual perils and IRA WEBSTER, Sergt.-Maj. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 18 80 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT fatigues, the graves of our comrades fallen in battle and by disease, the broken forms of those whom wounds and sickness have disabled, the strongest associations which can exist among men, unite us still by an indissoluble tie. We shall ever be comrades in supporting the consti- tution of our country and the nationality of the people. George B. McClellan, Major-General United States Army. CAPT. LOUIS HILLEBRAND, FIRST SERGT. WM. R. PEDDLE and Captain's Cook. After leaving here we bivouacked for an afternoon and night at Belle Plain, a most barren and bleak stretch of coun- try, where the men were required to go at least a mile to find wood or water, picketing and skirmishing with the enemy to Stafford Court House. There we found a court house and jail with a few other buildings. The regiment remained in camp near White Oaks Church, engaged in picket duty and other details, and working on the construction of Potomac Creek Bridge — a high trestle work which the Confederates had destroyed— until the opening of the Battle of Fredricks- 81 82 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT burg. On the night of the loth, we crossed the pontoons with the advance at FrankHn Crossing, two miles below the town, near the Bernard Mansion, and were part of the skirmish line that drove back Jackson's skirmishers to Hamil- ton's Crossing. While on this Co. G. HEXRY ERNST, Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. skirmish line a large, portly man, dressed in citizen's clothes, came riding across the fields, holding his hat in his hand. When he entered our lines, he claimed to be the owner of the Bernard Mansion, and asserted that he was seek- ing his cattle. He was, how- ever, sent back to General Franklin, commanding the left grand division. The mansion referred to, a brownstone struc- ture, was burned down that winter while the Confederate officers were holding a recep- tion and ball in its spacious rooms. During the battle it was used as a field hospital. About 4 P. M. the regiment was relieved and massed with the division for a charge. Here it lay beyond the head of the pontoon bridge, subject to constant artillery fire, which fortu- nately passed over us, doing very little damage. On the morning of the 13th, we were sent to support a battery hotly engaged beyond the Bowling Green Road. To cross this road, the line went over with a rush, as the enemy's artillery were sweeping it, reaching our battery, the men hugged the ground while the batteries had quite a duel at short range, our artillery blowing up one of the caissons of the enemy. About 4 P. M. a tremendous fire was opened upon the line from the Confederate heights, but they made no attempt to leave the works to attack, and we occupied the same position until night. On the way to occupy this position, we met the Nineteenth Pennsylvania, which had also been engaged in the conflict. As Philadelphians, we knew each other, and, the boys being hungry, we showered them with half of our rations of crackers. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 83 In the early part of the battle, General Vinton, of the Second Brigade, Second Division, was shot, and Colonel Neill, who, a few days previous, was promoted to Brigadier General, bid the boys a hasty farewell as he left to take his new command. That was the last service we did under " Bucky " Neill, as strict a disciplinarian, as brave a soldier of the Republic, and as perfect a gentleman as the army has ever produced. The Twenty-third fairly loved him, and he loved his boys. He remained with the Army of the Potomac, in command of a brigade, until the windup, Neill's Brigade being one of the fighting brigades of the Sixth Corps. He continued in service after the war, and was retired at the age of 65 as Colonel in the Regular Army. Six months after his retirement, in 1886, he died at Philadelphia, and was buried at West Point, the survivors of the Twenty-third escorting his body to the train. On the night of the 13th the regiment was sent to the extreme right of the Left Grand Division at Hazel Run holding this position until the army recrossed the Rappahannock, on the night of the 15th. Loss, 22 men. The principal inci- dents in this battle were the laying of the pontoon bridges in front of the town and the desperate fighting to get possession of it. This and the lower bridges gave a crossing for the army. The enemy having the ridge and hills well entrenched, while our army had the plains, gave the Confederates the ad- vantage. Burnside con- cluded to turn the enemy's right and sent General Meade, with his division, skirmishers holding the line. the Pennsylvania Reserves, to assault the Confederate position at Hamilton Crossing. This was done with great deter- mination and gallantry, Meade piercing to his third line, but. 84 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT not being properly supported, he was compelled to return, the division covering itself with glory. Another assault on the key to the position was made by the Second Corps, on the left, at Marye's Heights. They charged the position five times by divisions, losing 5,000 killed and wounded. These troops of the Second Corps were some of the best in the Army of the Potomac and made a des- perate and heroic attempt to carry the heights. However, the assaults proved failures. Darkness coming on, the army lay awaiting the enemy's attack, but on the night of the 15th, it recrossed the river. Loss : Union, killed and wounded 12,503 ; Confederate, killed and wounded 5,575. The old town of Fredericksburg, which gave the name to the battle, was the home of the mother of Washington. It was a brick town, founded in the colonial days, and its wharves and those opposite, at Falmouth, in the days be- fore the railroads, were al- ways regarded as important ports in the sea carrying trade on the Rappahannock. Staf- ford Heights opposite, which was occupied with our bat- teries during the action, was composed of a series of hills, upon which once were mag- nificent estates. One of these was the Lacy House, from which the distinguished Confederate General Robert E. Lee had married his wife. Another of these plantations was that of Dr. Smith, one of Virginia's celebrated physicians. The regiment next went into winter quarters near the Sixth Army Corps Headquarters. Lieutenant-Colonel John Ely, who had been temporarily absent, rejoined the regiment, and was promoted colonel to date from December 13th. It remained here until January i8th, 1863, when we moved with the army to United States Ford in anticipation of a hard-fought campaign ; but, like all attempts to move a large army in midwinter, through the inclemency of the weather JOHN C. AMES, Sergt. Co. C. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, i; PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 85 and the condition of the roads, it ended in what was known as the " mud march." The regiment returned to its camp in good time, being more fortunate than many other commands, which were mired in the mud for nearly a week before they got back to quarters. The " Johnnies," who could see this counter- marching from their picket stations, on several occasions offered to " come over and give us a lift." During the balance of the winter the regiment was engaged in picket duty. General Burnside, having been removed at his own request, was succeeded by General Joseph Hooker, known in the service as " Fighting Joe " Hooker on account of his gallant conduct in action. General Hooker began at once a reorganization of the army under his command. He ordered each corps to wear distinctive badges, that of the Sixth Corps being the Greek Cross. Each division was designated by a separate color, the First Divi- sion being red, the second white, and the third blue. The Twenty-third, therefore, wore the blue cross, being part of the Third Division, Sixth Corps. Upon the opening of the campaign. Hooker moved the army and, crossing the Rapi- dan, came upon the rear of Lee at Chancellorsville, compell- ing him to fall back from his strong position at Fredericksburg to meet the threatened at- tack. To circumvent this movement he moved the Second and Sixth Corps with a view to attacking his old line. After he had passed over the Rapidan and moved towards Lee's rear, he ordered the Sixth Corps to cross the Rappahannock and take the Heights. This was considered an impregnable posi- tion, as the previous year, in the battle of Fredericksburg, Marye's Heights, which was the key to the position, was charged by the Second Corps, one of the best in the army, in five distinctive assaults by divisions, but met with a reverse. Co. C. JACOB KEITH, Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 18 86 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT losing 5000 killed and wounded. To retain this position Lee had left General Early's command to hold the works. The pontoon boats were carried on the backs of the men of the brigade to the river in order to deceive the enemy. The crossing was made after considerable trouble with the Confederates, their skirm- ishers, however, being driven back from their rifle pits to the Bowling Green Road. After getting possession of this road, our brigade, taking the ad- vance, moved along that road to the right in the direction of Fredericksburg, meeting the enemy in a fortified position at Hazel Run, the Sixty-fifth New York (the Chasseurs) leading, charged and drove the enemy back, clearing the way for entrance into the town. The Twenty-third then took the advance, and, with a heavy line of skirmishers, pro- ceeded in the early morning, under a heavy fog, to within thirty yards of the stone wall, at the foot of Marye's Heights. Here it laid until about 11 A. M., when a grand assault was made on the Heights by two storming columns and a battle line com- posed of the right column, commanded by Colonel George C. Spear, who fell while gallantry leading the attack,the Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, Major Dawson, and Forty-third New York, Colonel Baker. This column was supported by the Sixty-seventh New York (First Long Island), Colonel Cross, and the Eighty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers, Major Bassett, under command of Colonel Shaler. The left column was composed of the Seventh Massachu- setts, Colonel Johns, who fell severely wounded in the assault, and the Thirty-sixth New York, Lieutenant-Colonel Walsh. The line of battle, Colonel Burnham, the Fifth Wisconsin Colonel Allen, as skirmishers; Sixth Maine, Lieutenant- Colonel Harris, Thirty-first New York, Colonel Jones. The storming column moved on the plank road and to WILLIAM MAGUIRE, Co. C. Died of Wounds Received at Cold Harbor. PENNSYLVANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 87 the right of it, piercing the enemy's flank. The Hne of battle, under Colonel Burnham, advanced on the double quick from the town. When they reached the point at which the Twenty third had been lying in the field all morning, the latter, with- out awaiting orders, joined with cheers the charging column, entered the sunken road, and, scaling the heights, were soon in possession of the fortification, capturing the entrenched position with the guns of Washington Artillery. After crossing the sunken road and scaling the heights the fire of their bat- teries was of no effect, as they could not deflect the guns. Some of the Confederates on the heights stood to their guns ; one in particular, when called to surrender, held the lanyard of his gun and was knocked over before he would let go. An onslaught was made on the redoubt on the apex of the hill, while others rushed to the rear of the works and compelled the battery men to dismount as they were trying to get off their pieces. After clearing up everything on the front it was seen that the entire line had been swept by the Sixth Corps, the Twenty-third losing six killed and seventy-two wounded. General Shaler, the brig- ade commander in charge of the line, supporting the right charging column, distin- guished himself in this charge by rushing to the front with the colors, as the line was struggling to cross the cause- way or canal on the plank road. He was granted a Con- gressional Medal of Honor. While Longstreet in his book speaks of five brigades holding this position, the forti- fication was well manned by infantry and artillery and the command that seemed to have been in the sunken road was a Mississippi brigade, which broke to their right around the rear of the hill, when the assaulting line swept into the road. About 2.30 P. M. the brigade was advanced in the direc- tion of Chancellorsville, the Sixth Corps being then in the rear JAMES M. LINNARD, Captain Co. C. HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT of Lee's army. At Salem Church and Heights the enemy was met. Here the regiment supported Haxhammer's Battery, and at daylight it was ordered on the front line, where it remained. Several of what the boys called rotten shells were fired from our battery in the rear, falling among the men of the regiment, but Lieut.-Col. Glenn had this fire discon- tinued. When the movement by the corps to the rear began, the regiment withdrew across the open field, the enemy ad- vancing ; the line would then be again advanced, pushing the enemy back. This was kept up until it was quite dark. The Sixth Corps was here in position in a half circle. It appears that Lee sent back all his army — excepting 13,000 left to confront Hooker at Chancellorsville, under Gen- eral Jeb Stuart — and attacked the corps on its flanks and front. After desperate fighting, the enemy being repulsed in all his attacks, the lines were maintained until after dark, when, with the balance of the corps, it was ordered to recross the river at Banks' Ford. When the regiment reached the pontoon bridge the enemy seemed to have direct range of the crossing as the shells were dropping all around us. While we were awaiting our turn to cross the river, Major Wallace, with three companies, was sent back to cover the rear until relieved ; this meant they were to be abandoned and captured. Upon moving out through the woods, he found the front occupied by our troops. He sent Sergeant Karney back to report, and orders came to rejoin the regiment at once. Crossing the pontoon the regi- ment proceeded to its old camp, near Falmouth, reaching there about 2 A. M. the morning of the 5th. Loss, twenty wounded. General Sedgwick, the corps commander, reported in this campaign, that the Sixth Corps lost in killed, wounded JAMES MULLIN, Co. C. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, i8 PENNSYLVANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. and missing, 4700 men, but no property, excepting a few wagons and a blacksmith's forge. Lieutenant Johnson, of the Twenty-third, on General Shaler's staff, states that in the distribution of the regiments of the brigade prior to the charge at Marye's Heights, the Twenty-third was lying in front of the stone wall at the foot of the heights, the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York and the Chasseurs, Sixty-fifth New York, were sent in the direction of Taylor's Hill, to the right, as a feint, while Gen- eral Shaler, with the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, and " First Long Island, Sixty-seventh New York," were the support- ing column to the Sixty-first Pennsylvania and Forty-third New York, under command of Colonel Spear, who moved out from the town as the right charging column. When they got on the heights General Shaler, looking down to the field in front of the stone wall, found that the Twent3'-third was not there. Seeing a line of blue over near the little bricked-walled cemetery on the apex of the heights, he dispatched Lieutenant Johnson to learn what troops they were. He returned and re- reported it was the 23d Penn- sylvania, which had joined Colonel Burnham's line as it swept over them on the charge. Nobody could find out who gave the order ; it was spontaneous, and just at a most critical moment, when the regiment was badly needed to assist in capturing that strong position. General Longstreet, in his " Memoirs — Manassas to Appomattox," says as to the assault in December, 1862 : " A series of braver, more desperate charges than those hurled against the troops in the sunken road was never known, and piles and cross-piles of dead marked a field such as I never saw before or since." (Page 3 1 5.) As to the assault of May 3, 1863, he says, on page 330, Dewitt c. palmer, Co. H, 23d P. V. and Co. E, Sad Pa. Vols. Killed at Winchester, September 19, 1864. 90 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT that it was probably a mistake to draw McLaws away from his position at Marye's Hill where he and Ransom had success- fully held against six or seven severe attacks of the Burnside battle, with three brigades, two of his own and one of Ransom's. BATTERY GOING INTO ACTION. General Early was assigned to that position with five brigades. He was attacked by about one-fourth the^number of McLaws' assailants, the position was carried and Early driven off in confusion, losing, besides large number as PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 91 prisoners, many pieces of artillery. His special assignment was to defend the plank road against the enemy's march to attack General Lee's rear. Instead, he retreated by the Telegraph Road, leaving the plank road free for the enemy. After driving Early off, the enemy marched by the plank road and Early marched back to his late position atMarye's Hill. So General Lee was obliged to take McLaws and Anderson from his battle at Chancellorsville to drive back the force threatening his rear. Following are a few ex- tracts from the report of Major General John Sedgwick, com- manding the Sixth Corps, as to Marye's and Salem Heights. * * * "Two storming columns were formed composed as follows : Right column, commanded by Colonel George C. Spear, who fell while gallantly lead- ing it ; the Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers, Major Daw- son, and Forty-third New York, Colonel Baker. This column was supported by the Sixty-seventh New York (First Long Island), Colonel Cross, and the Eighty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers, Major Bassett, under command of Colonel Shaler. Left column — the Seventh Massachusetts, Colonel Johns, who fell severely wounded in the assault, and the Thirty-sixth New York, Lieutenant-Colonel Walsh. " Line of battle, Colonel Burnham — the Fifth Wisconsin, Colonel Allen, as skirmishers ; Sixth Maine, Lieutenant-Col- onel Harris; Thirty-first New York, Colonel Jones; and the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, Colonel Ely, the latter regiment volunteering. " The columns moved on the plank road and to the right of it, directly up the heights. The line of battle advanced on the double quick to the left of the plank road, against the rifle- pits, neither halting nor firing a shot until they had driven the enemy from their lower line of works. In the meantime, the WILLIAM H. MYERS. Co. I, 23d P. V. and Lieutenant Co. K, 82d P. V. Killed at Sailors' Creek, April 6, 1865. 92 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT storming columns had pressed forward to the crest, and car- ried the works in the rear of the rifle-pits, capturing the guns and many prisoners. These movements were gallantly executed under a most destructive fire. " * * * The losses of the Sixth Corps in these opera- tions were 4700, killed, wounded and missing. We captured from the enemy, according to the best information we could obtain, five battle flags, fifteen pieces of artillery, nine of which were brought off, the others falling into the hands of the enemy upon the subsequent reoccupation of Fredericks- burg by his forces, and 1400 prisoners, including many officers of rank. No material of any kind belonging to the corps fell into the hands of the enemy, except several wagons and a forge that were passing through Fredericksburg at the time of its reoccupation by the Confederate forces. The Twenty-third remained in camp near Falmouth, doing picket duty, until June 6th, when, with the Sixth Corps, it again crossed the Rappahannock at Deep Run. The regi- ment was placed on the skirmish line, close up to the enemy's works. Heavy skirmishing was kept up from breastworks and rifle-pits, resulting in considerable loss, shot and shell being freely used. Sharpshooters on both sides were very active until the 13th. Loss, several men wounded. Lee having started on his invasion of the North, the Army of the Potomac following. The Sixth Corps, which had been threatening the enemy's lines, recrossed the river and assumed the rear position in the Gettys- burg campaign. The regi- ment was repeatedly en- gaged in picket duty while on the march. The weather was intensely hot, and the movements being at times forced, it told heavily upon the endurance of the men, quite a number of the corps being sunstruck. On the way up MATHEW HAZLETT, Co. G. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 93 ■^^' WASH FROM THE SAME CANTEEN. through Virginia the regiment went into bivouac on the farm of Colonel White, near White's* Ford, where, in 1862, Company B was captured. On their return from the rebel prisons the members of the company spoke so highly of the treatment accorded them by White and his command that nothing was disturbed on his place. Here the regiment was given rations, and quite a supply was left at White's home for use of his family, he being then ab- sent with Lee's army. The regi- ment continued the march, via Poolsville, New Market and Man- chester, to Westminister, a place noted for its Catholic College. While going into camp here at 8 P. M. of July 1st, news was received of the battle going on at Gettysburg, thirty-six miles away. The corps was at once put in motion, our brigade leading, but after marching two miles it was found that the guide had taken the wrong road. By countermarching, however, the command finally struck the Baltimore Pike. A rumor being circulated just at this time, that General Hooker had been relieved and that he was to be succeeded by General McClellan, the men exhibited their joy while on the march by singing' and in other ways manifesting pleasures, but we soon found the report was without foundation, and that the new commander of the Army of the Potomac was a Pennsylvanian — General George G. Meade — who remained in that position until the close of the war. The march towards Gettysburg was a tiresome one, but the boys seemed unmindful of the fatigue. They knew that the Sixth Corps had been sent for to assist in driving Lee back and they were getting there as fast as possible. We arrived on the battle-field at 4 P M., of the 2nd of July, and were immediately ordered to the sup- port of the Fifth Corps, then hotly engaged in checking the enemy, who was forcing the Third Corps back from their ad- vanced position at the Emmettsburg Road. Forming en masse, with cheers the corps took up a position to the right of Little Round Top, only one Brigade (Wheaton's) becoming en- 94 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT gaged, under command of Colonel Nevin, General Wheaton then being in command of the Division. General Newton, the Division Commander, upon reaching the field was placed in command of the First Army Corps, its commander, General Reynolds, having been killed in the first day's fight. Early on the morning of the 3rd the brigade was ordered to the right, at Gulp's Hill, to the support of Geary's Division of the Twelfth Corps, which was engaged in holding Ewells' Corps in check. The latter had taken possession of that part of the line late on the 2nd, while the Twelfth Corps were at Little Round Top, supporting Sickels' hard-pressed lines, the brigade taking up a position in a rocky ravine to the left of Spangler's Springs. Shortly afterwards an order came for the regiment to relieve the troops in the front line. Lieu- tenant Colonel John F. Glenn, in the absence of Colonel Ely, detailed the right wing for this duty, leaving the left wing under command of Major Wallace. The right wing moved into the slight breastworks, where they relieved a Maryland regiment of Lockwood's Brigade, a portion of the regiment crossing the works, taking a few prisoners — for awhile it was hotly engaged. When the fire of the enemy having sub- sided somewhat, the com- manding officer desiring to ascertain the cause ordered a detail of two men from each company to advance beyond the works. They had not proceeded very far when the enemy opened a terrific fire, and were compelled to lie down for protection. They re- mained in this position until — it being demonstrated that the enemy was still in force — General Geary issued orders recalling them. The regiment was engaged with the enemy at short range, however, until the heavy cannonading just previous to Pickett's charge, when it retired about one hundred yards, having been re- lieved by an Ohio regiment. JOHN DOUGHERTY, Co, E. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 95 " Afterwards, it moved with the brigade to the support of the threatened position at the Left Center. Crossing the fields under a heavy artillery fire, the regiment took a position to the left of Meade's Headquarters, beyond the Taneytown road, just as the charge was repulsed and the prisoners were coming over the slope ; here it remained in support of the Third Corps, until moved about half mile further to the right, being held in reserve. The Twenty-third was continued in this capacity until 6 A. M. of the 4th, when, by order of General Meade, it re FIRE IN CAMP. joined the division, where it remained until the morning of the Sth, when, with the Sixth Corps, the regiment joined in pursuit of Lee. The losses were two officers, Lieutenant Joshua S. Garsed, killed, and Lieutenant Edward B. Wilson, wounded, and twenty-nine enlisted men killed and wounded. LOSSES AT GETTYSBURG. Killed and Wounded. Missing. Total. Union, i7,556 5434 22,900 Confederate, 15,298 4,150 20,448 96 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT REPORTS OF BRIG. GEN. ALEXANDER SHALER, Commanding First Brigade, Third Division. Hdqrs. First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps, July 27, 1863. Captain: — I have the honor herewith to submit the following re- port of the movements and operations of this brigade during the battle of Gettysburg : At 7 P. M. on the 2nd instant, by direction of Brigadier-General Wheaton, commanding the division, the brigade was formed in line of battle on the left of the position held by the army, in rear of the Second Brigade. At 8 A. M. of the 3rd instant, under instructions from General Wheaton, I reported with my brigade to Brigadier- General Geary, commanding Second Division, Twelfth Corps, which held the right of the position the army occu- pied, and by his direction took a sheltered position in rear of a piece of woods, beyond which the action was then progressing. Accom- panying this you will find a copy of a report made to General Geary of the operations of the brigade while under his command. At 3.30 o'clock, by direction of General Wheaton, the brigade was moved under a terrific fire of artillery, to report to General New- ton. A subsequent order, however, from General Meade, directed me to remain in rear of the position of the Third Corps, reporting to Major-General Newton for instructions. At 7 A. M. the brigade was moved by direction of General New- ton about half a mile to the right, still in reserve, and remained in this position until 6 A. M. of the 4th instant, when the brigade rejoined the division, by an order received direct from General Meade. The regiments composing the brigade, without exception, ac- quitted themselves in a highly commendable manner. I append a revised list of casualties. I am, Captain, respectfully, your obedient servant, Alexander Shaler, Brigadier-General, Commanding Brigade. Capt. a. J. Smith, Acting Asst. Adjt. Gen., Third Division, Sixth Corps. CORPORAL JOHN E. LITTLE, Co. C. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, i86.( PENNSYLVANIA X'OLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 97 Hdqrs. First Brigade, Third Di\ision, Sixth Corps. November 20, 1863. Sir: — My attention lias been called to the report of the major- general commanding the army at the battle of Gettysburg, as published in the Washington Chronicle of the 13th instant, in which it is stated in substance that W'heaton's Brigade, of the Third Division, was sent to the assist- ance of the Twelfth Corps. In justice to the officers and men of my command, whose good services were acknowledged on the grovmd by General Geary, and as appears by the accompany- ing report, I beg to ask the major-general commanding the army, through the inter- mediate commanders, for a correction of the report in this particular. The First Brigade, and the First alone, was directed and did report to General Geary, commanding Second Di\'ision of the Twelfth Corps, on the morning of July 3, and went into action under my command by direction of General Geary. I enclose a copy of my report to the Assistant Adjutant-General of the Second Division, Twelfth Corps, and also a copy of the report to the Acting Assistant Adjutant-General of the Third Division, Sixth Corps, for the perusal of the major-general commanding. I have the honor to be, very respectfully yours, Alexander Shaler, Brig. -Gen. , Comdg. First Brig., Third Div. , Sixth Corps. Capt. a. E. King, Assistant Adjutant-General, Third Division. (Endorsements. ) Headquarters Third Division, Sixth Corps. November 2, 1863. Respectfully forwarded. Approved. H. D. Terry, Brigadier-General, Commanding. WHO WANTS IT. 98 HISTORY OF THE TW'ENTV-THIRD REGIMENT Headquarters Sixth Corps. November 21, 1863. Respectfully forwarded. In my report of the operations at Gettysburg, it is stated that " Shaler's Brigade was also ordered first to the left and then to the right, and subsequently returned to the left center and held in re- serve;" and it appears also that Wheaton's Brigade remained in the position in which it was placed on the evening of July 2d, i. e. , on the left center. The mistake in regard to the position of the two brigades may A. s^ si^^yM^^^^MiiiiiMkMifi rif"-^": WOUNDED ox SKIRMISH LINE. have originated in the report of the commanding officer of the Twelfth Corps. John Sedgwick, Major-General, Commanding Sixth Corps. Headquarters Army of the Potomac. November 23, 1863. Respectfully forwarded, with the recommendation that the neces- sary correction in my report of the battle of Gettysburg, which was based upon that of the corps commanders, be made. Geo. G. Meade, Major-General, Commanchng. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 99 PETER BORN, Co. A. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1S64. (Inclosure. ) Hdqrs. Third Brig. , Third Div. , Sixth Corps. July 21, 1863. Major: — I have the honor to liand you the following report of the movements and operations of the several regiments of this brigade while under command of Brigadier- - , General Geary, during the action of the morning of July 3: At 9 A. M. the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York X'olunteers, Col. Silas Titus commanding, was di- rected to relie\'e the One Hundred and Eleventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, then occupying a position in the front line. Finding the breastworks had been hastily vacated by the regiment, they were immediately re-occupied by the One Hundred and Twenty-second, and held by them, under a severe fire of the enemy, until relieved by the Eighty- second Pennsylvania Volunteers at 11.30 A. M. At 9. 20 A. M. the Twenty-third Pennsylvania \'olunteers, Lieut. Col. John F Glenn commanding, was placed in position as support to, and 150 yards in rear of, the front line. After about three hours, fi\'e companies were, by direction of General Geary, reported to the lieu- tenant-colonel commanding a regiment of the Second Division, Twelfth Corps. These companies, being deployed in rear of the works, were, under a galling fire of musketry, advanced into them. Owing to the heavy fire immediately opened by the enemy, the design of feeling them with skirmishers was found impracticable. Skirmishers were advanced, however, about fifteen paces, but were shortly afterward withdrawn. At II A. M. the Sixty-seventh New York Volunteers, Col. Nelson Cross commanding, marched into the woods and forward to the breast- works, from which the enemy were then fleeing. They succeeded in capturing about 20 prisoners. At 1 1. 15 o'clock the Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers, Col. Joseph E. Hamblin commanding, occupied a position as support to the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, of this brigade. At 11.30 A. M. the Eighty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers, Col. E. C. Bassett commanding, advanced to the front line, relieving the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, and occupying the 100 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT position until relieved by a portion of General Geary's command, at about 3 P. M. At this hour the brigade was reformed under my command. I annex a Hst of killed, wounded and missing during the engage- ments. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Alexander Shaler, Brigadier-General, Commanding Brigade. Assistant Adjutant-General, Second Division, Twelfth Corps. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 101 DAVID APPLEGATE, Corporal Co. G. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, i8 General John W. Geary, commanding the Second Divi- sion, Twelfth Corps, in his report on Gettysburg, states, relative to Shaler's Brigade : * * * "About 8 A. M. the enemy doubled their efforts, and, massing all the force against us that the ground would admit, pressed forward with an evident determination to carry the posi- tion at all hazards. Our entire line was hotly engaged, and, fear- ing that the overwhelming force might prove too much for us. General Slocum was solicited for reinforcements, and General Alexander Shaler's (First) Brig- ade, Third Division, Sixth Corps, reported at 8.45 o'clock, and was posted as a reserve. Ten min- utes before the arrival of this brigade, the Fourteenth Brooklyn and One Hundred and Forty- seventh New York Volunteers (both together about 1 50 strong) reported again from General Wadsworth's division, and were sent in to re-enforce Kane's Brigade, on the right. They were shortly afterwards relieved by Candy's and Lockwood's troops. Instructions having been given me not to actively engage Shaler's brigade unless una- voidable, only a portion of it was employed briefly. Those engaged displayed the accustomed gallantry, which has en- rolled Shaler's brigade among the best veterans of the army. "At 9 A. M., the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York (Col. Silas Titus), of this brigade, relieved the One Hun- dred and Eleventh Pennsylvania, of Kane's which had been engaged in the front line all the morning, and whose ammunition was failing. The Eighty-second Pennsylvania, (Colonel Isaac S. Bassett), Shaler's Brigade, relieved the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York after our occupancy of the breastworks." " At 9.20 o'clock the Twenty-third Penns^dvania (Colonel John F. Glenn,) of the same brigade, was placed in support of the front line, about 150 yards to the rear, and subsequently five companies of it was deployed by my order in rear of the 102 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT works, and advanced into them. Towardthe end of the en- gagement, a portion of them was pushed out a few paces as skirmishers, but the impracticabihty of feehng the enemy with skirmishers was demonstrated by their increased fire, and they were withdrawn." " The Sixty-fifth (Colonel Joseph E. Hamblin), the Sixy- seventh New York (Colonel Nelson Cross), and Eighty-second Pennsylvania, were placed well to the front, after the enemy had been driven back, to resist any renewed demonstration of hos- tility on the part of the enemy, while several already over- worked regiments of my division were allowed a much needed respite, for their energies, which had been so many hours, stretched to their utmost tension. They were not, however, called upon for further operations. "About 2 o'clock the brigade was ordered to rejoin the corps. While subject to my order, it behaved with admirable coolness, and manifested to an eminent degree the possession of the greatest attributes of the soldier, both during the brief period (as per orders) thev were actively engaged and while under heavy fire, as they awaited the moment they might be called upon. " Their casualties num- bered in the aggregate forty- five — eleven enlisted men being killed. "Their brave and efficient commander, Brigadier General Alexander Shaler is entitled to the warmest eulogies for his readiness to participate in any measure to provide for the emergencies besetting us." When it was discovered that Lee had retreated, the Sixth Corps, on the morning of the 5th, moved out the road to the right of Little Round Top. When about five miles from Gettysburg, the Corps struck Lee's rear guard, on the Cham- bersburg Pike, skirmishing with him to Fairfield. During the night the regiment was on picket, capturing eighty-five prison- WILLIAM GRAHAM, Co. G. Died of wounds received at Cold Harbor June, 1864. PENNSYL\'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 103 JOHN WILSON, Co. G. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 18 ers. xAbandoning the direct line of pursuit, the Corps moved to the left, through Emmettsburg, and attempted to cross the mountains with artiller}' to iMiddletown ; but, the road being a verj' difficult one, the night dark, and the rain descending in tor- rents, the guns were soon fast in the mud, and had to be taken apart before they could be got back on the main road through Frederick. A fragment of the Corps reached the Summit at midnight, while the greater por- tion were either resting on the road or lost on the march up. At daylight of the 9th, the regiment was moved to the sup- port of the cavalry and placed on the skirmish line. Loss, two men wounded. On the loth and I ith, they had a severe skirmish with the enemy at Funkstown — loss, several men wounded. On the 1 2th, it was ascertained that the enemy had fallen back, during the previous night, to a strongly entrenched position on the heights about Williamsport. Our lines were formed at once in front of it, with orders to build breastworks and to be in readiness to assault the enem3''s breastworks at da^'light. The order for attack, however, was countermanded and the troops remained inactive all of that day. During the night Lee re- crossed the Potomac. Upon an examination of the works which he abandoned they were found to have been equally as strong as his entrench- ments at Mine Run or Cold Harbor. The Twentj^-third then marched back to Berlin, where it was supplied with clothing. On the 19th, the Corps proceeded to Manassas Gap, sup- porting the Third and Fifth Corps in their passage through that gap. From here it moved to Chester Gap, thence to Warrenton, where it laid out camp, decorating the grounds in an elaborate and tasteful manner, with the view of permanent quarters. On August 15th, with other troops of the Corps, the regiment was sent to the mouth of the North Fork of the Rappahannock, on a reconnoissance ; five companies were left 10-i HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT EDWARD F. EISENBARTH, Co. K. Killed at Cold Harbor. at the cross-roads of the Orleans and Waterloo Pike, the other portion of the regiment guarding the fords and bridges of the river. On the 17th it was relieved and returned to its old camp, where it was joined by Major Wallace, with one hundred and fifty-six drafted men from Philadelphia. The majority of these men were of little ser- vice, as they were substitutes for men who had been drafted — in fact, were bounty-jumpers, nearly all deserting within a few weeks. Those who remained became good soldiers, several being killed or wounded. Shortly afterwards, the brigade was detached from the Third Division and assigned to the Second Division under General Howell. September 4th, the officers of the regiment gave a reception to the brig- ade officers, at which General Birney, of the Third Corps ; General Terry, Division Commander ; Generals Wheaton and Shaler, with their staffs, were guests, and as were all of the affairs of the Twenty- third, it was "hunkey-dorey." During the dog days, division drills came every day and inspection on Sundays ; sunstroke was not uncommon, it being necessary to establish hospitals on the drill grounds. While at Warrenton many men of the regiment were detailed as safety guards and enjoyed the hospitality of the sympathizing Confederate residents, as all their able-bodied men were in the Confederate Army, either with Lee or Mosby. While here the boys were careful to keep within the lines, because if cap- tured, they would be sure to go to Richmond, as strong bands of Confederate cavalry were constantly hovering about. Some of the men became careless, nevertheless, and a few were cap- tured, one of the latter belonging to the Signal Corps of the Division. September i6th the regiment broke camp and moved to the vicinity of Culpepper. Along with the rest of the brigade it was paraded at headquarters to witness the execution of one 105 106 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT of the men of the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, who had been sentenced to be shot for desertion. When every- thing was ready for the execution, Adjutant Boggs stepped to the front of the line and read a pardon from President Lincoln. Everybody seemed satisfied at this termination, and " Old Abe " was commended for his kindness of heart. October ist the Twenty- third moved with the Sixth Corps to Catletts' Station ; here it remained on fatigue and picket duty until the 12th, when all the rolling stock of the road, with government stores, arrived at Warrenton Junction, and Captain Rees, with four companies, was detailed to guard them. Late the same evening it was rumored that the enemy was advancing, and the Twenty-third, and one company of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry was sent to re-enforce the guard. During the night General Shaler arrived with the balance of the brigade, and at daylight the rest of the corps arrived and the stores were safe. On the isth the brigade marched to Centreville, where they were formed in line of battle, while the Second Corps was in action at Bristow Station. At 3 A. M. the regiment marched to Chantilly, where it again formed line of battle, but the rebel commander did not seem desirious of a conflict and began to retire. The Sixth Corps then continued its forward movement, and, after considerable skirmishing, reached Warrenton on the 2 1st, going into Camp in its old quarters. On November 7th they marched to Rappahannock Station, where the brigade drove the enemy's skirmishers back to their line of works, which consisted of a redoubt with four pieces of artillery and entrenchments right and left, covering a pontoon bridge, with the Brigades of Hokesand Hayes holding the pos- ition. The assaulting party consisted of the Fifth Wisconsin, Sixth Maine, Forty-ninth and One hundred and Nineteenth FREDERICK HIBER, isL Sergt. Co. F. Killed Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 1(17 Pennsylvania and One Hundred and Twenty-first New York. These troops were commanded by General David A. Russell, Colonel Ellmaker the brigade, and General Upton, the assault- ing column numbering thirteen hundred muskets. The move- ment resulted in the capture of the entire position, including 1600 prisoners, 130 commissioned officers, eight battle flags, four pieces of artillery and destruction of the pontoon bridge. The following congratulatory letter from General Sedg- wick, Commander of the Sixth Corps, was read to the Corps : "Headquarters of the Right Column, November 8th, 1863. General Order No. i. The General commanding the right column, congratulates the troops of his command on the admirable success which attended the operations of yesterday. The enemy was attacked in an entrenched position of great strength, in enclosed works defended by artillery and infantry, and compelled to surrender, after a sharp conflict, to an assaulting column actually inferior in numbers to the forces defending the works. Four pieces of artillery, four caissons filled with ammuni- tion, the enemy's pontoon bridge, eight battle-flags, 2000 stands of small arms, 1600 prisoners, includ- ing 130 commissioned officers, are the fruits of the victory. The prompt ad\'ance of the Fifth Corps to the river from the right of its line, simultaneously with the troops of the Sixth Corps, are worthy of high praise. The taking of the heights on the right by Neill and Shaler's brigades of the Sixth Corps under General Howe — to obtain position for the batteries — was admirably accomplished. The assault of the storming party, under General Russell, con- ducted over rough open ground in full fire of the works, could not be surpassed in steadiness and gallantry. The brigades of Colonel Ellmaker and Colonel Upton, and the trOops of the Sixth Corps, which participated in the assault, have JOSHUA S. GARSED, Lieut. Co. B. Killed at Gettysburg, July 3, 1S63. 108 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT nobly earned the admiration and gratitude of their commander and commanders. The Sixth Maine and Fifth Wisconsin Volunteers, for carrying the redoubts ; One Hundred and Twenty-first New York, Fifth Maine, Forty-ninth and One Hundred and Nineteenth Pennsylvania Volunteers, for taking the line of rifle pits with the bayonet and seizing the enemy's bridge, deserve special honor. By command of Mapr-General Sedgwick, M. T. McMAHON. Chief of Staff and Asst. Adj. -General. " The next day the regiment was detailed with the Thirty- seventh Massachusetts, Second Rhode Island and Sixty-fifth New York, under the command of General Eustis, and marched to Kelly's Ford and crossed the river, and assisted in destroying the rebel fortifications. One of the forts had a checkered history. It was first built by the troops under General Pope and faced to the south. When Lee ap- proached the right bank of the river it changed its face to the north. Upon Meade's advance to Culpepper about face was the order, and it again looked to the south. As Lee advanced on the retreat of the Army of the Potomac to Centerville it was elaborately reconstructed and was made to again face to the north. Now for the fifth time the boys were hard at work putting it in shape to again face the advancing column. On the 13th the regiment was relieved by the loth Massachusetts, im- mediately afterward rejoining the brigade in camp near Brandy Station, remaining until the 27th, when the Mine Run campaign commenced. After crossing the Rapidan at Ger- mania Ford, a half mile from the river, it formed in line where General French's troops had been engaged. The next day it marched to Robinson's Tavern, and moved to the support of the First and Second MAJOR WNr. CI. ARK. Capt. Co. E, 23rd P. V and .Major 82d P. V. PENNSYLX'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 109 Divisions of the Sixth Corps, charging the enem)' at Chancel- lorsville Pike and driving them back to their works at Mine Run. On Sunday morning, the 29th, the Twenty-third was ordered to the support of Gregg's Cavalry, and on the 30th it was assigned to the extreme left of the hne with orders to prepare for a charge of the enemy's works. The charge was never made, as General Warren, then Chief of Staff of Meade's Army, reported the works impregnable and the assault was abandoned. While lying here, we discerned in our front, what at first appeared to be several ambulances, but which subse- quendy proved to be a masked battery, when suddenly they threw off the tarpaulin covers and opened a terrific fire on our lines, killing and wounding seven of the Twenty-third. Lying exposed to the cold and without fires, on the night of December ist the whole army fell back, our regiment passing through Chancellorsville, the Gold Mines, and crossing at Ger- mania Ford, finally reaching its old camp ; loss, i killed and 7 wounded. On December 6th Colonel Ely resigned on account of wounds and sickness, and was succeeded as Colonel by Lieu- tenant-Colonel John F. Glenn. Major William J. Wallace was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel and Captain Henry Reese to Major. The friends of the Twenty- third in Philadelphia gave a ball at Sansom Street Hall for the benefit of the regiment. With the proceeds was pur- chased six hundred pairs of woolen gloves, and a new stand of colors containing a list of the battles in which the regiment participated inscribed thereon, all being received by the regi- ment while in the field. A short time previously the ladies of Bucks County, friends of Col- onel Ely, sent the enlisted men ear comforters, so that the boys were fairly protected, through the kindess of friends, from the chilly blasts of the severe winter. JAMES TATE, Drummer. Co. E. 110 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT While in camp at this place one hundred medals were struck off by Colonel Ely for such of the enlisted men as were designated by the company officers as most deserving of merit for gallantry in the charge at Marye's Heights. The distribution of these medals caused considerable dissatis- faction throughout the regiment. On December 30th two hundred of the command re- enlisted as veteran volunteers, and proceeded to Philadelphia under command of Colonel Glenn, on veteran furlough, the balance of the regiment remain- ing in camp at Brandy Station, under Lieut.-Colonel Wallace, the camp being situated on a hill to the right of the sta- tion near Meade's headquarters. Here winter quarters were es- tablished, many of the men build- ing elegant log houses, which contained all the comforts pos- sible. The usual winter work of picket duty, diversified with occasional expeditions in search of Mosby's men in that locality, constituted our duties, until January 6th when, with the brigade, the regiment was ordered to intercept a movement of the Confederates threatening Washington, this turned out to be false, and while lying in the streets of Wash- ington enjoying a snow storm waiting orders, the brigade was ordered to Johnson's Island, Sandusky Bay, in Lake Erie, opposite Sandusky, Ohio, to guard rebel prisoners; it being rumored at the time that rebel sympathizers were organizing in Canada to cross the ice and liberate the 4200 officers confined there ; the object of this move, as stated, being to send these officers to the West where they were to gather about them those who were in svmpathy with the Confederate cause, perfect them in the tactics, and afterward seize arsenals and stores, destroy bridges and in every way assist the Confederate Government. At this time the prison was guarded by " Home Guards" and "one hundred days' men." The winter had been so severe that the bay JAMES HENRY, Co. F. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Ill was frozen from shore to shore, and the Island could readily be reached by that means. The arrival of the brigade prevented the consummation of this contemplated movement. The regi- ment started for Johnson's Island from the front over the Balti- more & Ohio Railroad in cattle cars — the kind in use in those days — in mid-winter. Nevertheless, the boys enjoyed this detail because it was considered " a snap" — -comfortable quar- ters, plenty of rations, camp fires every night in the barracks and passes when off duty to visit Sandusky, which was a very interesting city. One of the pleasant diversions while on this detail was a ball given by the officers — at which, by the way, someone was unkind enough to liberally sprinkle the floor with snuff — causing consternation for a time. If the sprinkler had been found, it would have been hard to have saved him from going to the Dry Tortugas. The "Johnnies" seemed to ' appreciate and enjoy the change of custodians, having tired of the '' Home Guards," because, when they caught sight of the Greek Cross as the right of our brigade neared the stockade, up went the rebel yell in greeting. Thus the change, so far as our brigade and the prisoners were concerned, was agreeable to Johnnie and Yank. The "pleasantness" of this tour of duty was not, however, monopolized by the enlisted men, for on occasions of special exchange the officers of our brigade were all anxious to be detailed to accompany the Con- federates to the destination named in the order. Officers and men alike were fully aware that this condition could not last, as when the campaign opened, back to the front we would go, and all were disposed to enjoy the opportunity of this snap to the fullest extent. On February nth. Colonel Glenn, accompanied by the veterans whose furloughs had expired and a number of new recruits rejoined the regiment. Wll I.IAM EVERHARDT, Co. C. 112 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT When the campaign opened in the spring General Shaler, with the Sixty-fifth, Sixty-seventh and One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, left for the front and arrived in time to participate in the opening of the Wilderness campaign, where the General was cap- tured in trying to hold the ex- treme right flank with his little skeleton command. This was the end of his term of service with his old brigade. He was held prisoner of war a long time, and was one of the offi- cers placed under the fire of our guns at Charleston. When re- leased he was assigned to the command of the ist Division, 7th Corps, at DuVall's Bluff, Arkansas, being made Brevet Major-General for long and faithful services. Here he re- mained until the close of the war. General Shaler was a strict disciplinarian, a good soldier, and was well liked, both by officers and men. On May gth the Twenty-third and Eighty-second Penn- sylvania were relieved from duty at the prison camp and ordered to the front, the Wilderness campaign having opened. Arriving at Belle Plain, where several thousand prisoners from the recent actions were gathered we found the old brigade commander, General Abercrombie, in command of the post. Colonel Isaac C. Bassett, of the Eighty-second, was placed in command of both regiments, while Colonel Glenn was made Commissary of Prisoners. After shipping the latter to Fort Delaware, Point Lookout, etc., the regiment marched to Fredericksburg, and was detailed to guard a wagon train of £ve hundred wagons destined for the front. JACOB H. 'iOCr.M, Co. G. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 113 Headquarters Sixth Corps. May 1 8th, 1864. Brigadier General S. Williams, Assistant Adjutant General. General : — Understanding that two regiments of this corps, the Eighty-second and Twenty-third Pennsylvania, recently returned from duty at Sandusky, Ohio, are retained for guard duty at Belle Plain, I respectfully request that they may be ordered at once to the corps. I would respectfully suggest that it would be for the interest of the ser- \'ice to assign new regiments to depot duty and send the veteran regi- ments to the front. \''ery respectfully, your obedient servant, H. G. WRIGHT, Major-General, Commanding. Headquarters. Belle Plain, Va., May 19, 1864. Brig. -Gen. J. A. Rawlins, Chief of Staff. General : — The Twenty-third and Eighty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers, arrived at this post just as we were in receipt of over 7500 prisoners. It was indispensably necessary that the provost guard. Army of the Potomac, who brought them, should be relieved and sent to the front. The two Pennsylvania regiments (which had been on duty at Johnson's Island over prisoners) were substituted in the emergency. The last of the rebels left here yesterday, and the Twenty-third and Eighty-second have been ordered forward. By order of Brigadier-General J. J. Abercrombie. I am. General, etc., R. L. ORR, Captain and Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. :i4 HISTORY OF THE TWENTV-THIRD REGIMENT After delivering the train safely at Bowling Green, they passed through Milford Station and crossed the North Anna river, joining their former associates who had become the Fourth Brigade (Colonel Nelson Cross), First Division (General David A. Russell), Sixth Corps, (General H. G. Wright), the old Third Division having been broken up during their absence and the troops from the Valley, under General Ricketts were consti- tuted the Third Division, while those of the former Third were distributed between the First and Second Divisions. On the 24th the regiment moved to the right and front, along the Virginia Central Railroad, which it assisted in de- stroying. The division having been detached from the Corps, the Twenty-third recrossed the North Anna at Jericho Bridge, escorting the wagon train to Chesterfield station. After a forced march by night to Ham- ilton, they crossed the Pam- unkey river about noon on the 27th, where they joined Sher- idan's cavalry. In this vicinity was a village of the Pamunkey Indians, the male members of which were used by both sides as guides through the slash- ings. In this part of the coun- try, beyond the Wilderness, was a splendid agricultural district, dotted here and there with old colonial mansions. On the 28th they moved for- ward about three miles and were stationed in the rear of the front line as reserves. On the 29th, they started with the divi- sion on a reconnoissance to Hanover Court House. The regi- ment being on the skirmish line, remained out all night, entrenching as they marched, loosing several men wounded. On the night of the 31st, they started for Cold Harbor, where they arrived about noon of June ist. The regiment was formed on the left of the Richmond and Gaines' Mills cross-roads. The Twenty-third was selected to storm the enemy's works in front, with the Eighty-second Pennsylvania supporting it, and, after driving the enemy's skirmishers through a strip of woods ALEX PIJWELL, rst Sergt., Co. F. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 115 — which they set fire to as they fell back — the line emerged into the open field. About 500 yards away, on a little hill, were the enemy's works. Preparations were at once made for the final charge, the Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania being on the right, but the left of the regiment was unprotected by either infantry or artillery. About 5 P M. orders to advance were given and as soon as they were communicated, the line swept forward on the double quick, confronting a severe artillery and infantry fire. Dashing forward on the run, however, the thin line crossed the enemy's works, the left of the line being subjected to a flanking fire of grape and canister, but having only a handful of men, they were soon driven out. The Eighty-second, however, came up bravely to its support, but after fighting for twentv-five minutes without reinforcements, they were obliged to retire. With spoons, knives and bayo- nets in Heu of spades and picks, the troops erected temporary breastworks about five hundred yards from the enemy's line. Aided b}' the balance of the Sixth Corps, which advanced along the right, and by the Sec- ond Corps, which came up on the left, by dint of hard fight- ing the position was held and more firmly entrenched. Here the regiment remained until relieved. The Sixth Corps main- tained this line during the entire twelve da3s that the posi- tion was assailed. During the charge across the open field, under the terrific artillery and infantry fire of the enemy, and the close fighting before the enemy's works, without reenforcements, the regi- ment lost eight officers and one hundred and eighty-one enlisted men, killed and wounded, and five men captured. Captain Henry Marchant, Lieutenants James Johnson, John Boyd and James G. Williamson and seventy men were killed, and Captain James M. Craig, Lieutenants Richard A. Griffiths, LEWIS J. SPEAKMAN, Co. A. 116 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT JOHN R. JOHXSTON, Lieutenant Co. C. Frank Taylor and Frank A. Lynch and one hundred and twenty men were wounded. While the army lay here for twelve days in the entrenched lines, the men had to hug the works, as the fire was close and active. On the 3d, Lt -Gol. Wallace and ten men were wounded, and three were killed. That evening one company was detailed to advance about ten yards and dig rifle pits ; this was done under a severe fire, the company successfully throwing up a safe cover where they remained until the morn- ing of the 5th, when reheved. At three o'clock that morn- ing the regiment was recalled from the frontline and ordered to a position on the second line, being continually under a brisk fire until 8. P. M., when ordered back to the third line, where the men, for the first time in five days, had a chance to cook supper and get a good night's rest. On the 7th the Twenty-third was detailed to dig a covered way to the front, and on the 8th it again went into the trenches on the front line, where it remained under a heavy fire until the night of the 9th, when sent back to the second line. On the night of the 12th, the attempt to break through the enemy's line having been abandoned, the army withdrew. The loss in the trenches was 20 killed and wounded. Losses at Cold Harbor — Union, killed, wounded and missing, 10,088. Confederates' loss unknown, probably 5,000. Marching and counter-marching, holding line of battle by day and entrenching by night, the regiment finally reached the James River. On the i6th, halting on the farm of ex-President Tyler, they embarked on the Transport "Cauliflower" for Ber- muda Hundred, and immediately proceeded to the right of Gen. Butler's Headquarters, and were immediately ordered to the battle line. Crossing the Appomattox on the 19th, the regiment was marched and formed in front of Petersburg under a heavy artillery fire. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 117 This old Virginia town was destined to remain under siege from tiien until its fall, on April 2, 1865. A line of old breast- works that the British had thrown up during the Revolutionary War was found ; above the mouth of the Appomattox was once the home of Powhattan. This we did not get a chance to see, as "Johnny Reb " blocked the way. In the afternoon an attempt was made to advance the lines in the face of a severe fire ; loss, fifteen men wounded. The regiment next went on the skirmish line, right resting on the Appomattox, where it remained until the night of the 20th. Loss, one killed and seven wounded. On the 2 1st the Sixth Corps was relieved by the Eigh- teenth Corps and moved to the extreme left of the line, about four miles southeast of Petersburg, where it formed on the left of the Second Corps, advancing about four hundred yards in the face of a hard skirmishing fire. They halted and threw up breastworks, and on the next day pushed through the woods and thick underbush, meeting with strong resistance. Again they threw up breastworks, front and rear, making the position secure. On the 29th the regiment marched out the Jerusalem Plank Road and was placed on picket near Reams' Station, on the Weldon Railroad. The next dav they drove in the enemy's skirmishers through the woods, returning to their place in the brigade, the Third Brigade, First Division, Col- onel Oliver Edwards, com- manding, and were employed on July 1st in destroying the railroad and throwing up breastworks. On the 2nd they left bivouac, on the Jerusalem Plank Road, and returned with the brigade to their old position on the left of the army, in front of Petersburg. Loss, thirteen men wounded. These advances by the left were giving Lee considerable trouble and anxiety, and to divert attention from that direction, and, if possible, compel Grant to relinquish his hold along the lines GEORGE P. MITCHELL, Sergt. Co. D. and Lieut. 82d P. V. US HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT at Petersburg and Richmond and change the campaign nearer to the front at Washington, General Jubal Early's Corps was detached from Lee's Army, and, with additional troops and cavalry under Rosser, threatened the Capitol at Washington. This had been the tactics of the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia in 1862, and again in 1863, having for its object the two-fold purpose of gathering the rich harvest in the Shenandoah Valley and the withdrawal of the Army of the Potomac from in front of Richmond to the vicinity of Washing- ton. This resulted in 1862 in the Battles of South Mountain and Antietam, and in 1863 in that of Gettysburg ; but General Grant was now in command of the army, and the authorities at Wash- ington would not allow him to be interfered with, so when he learned from his scouts that the movement down the valley which threatened Washington and the invasion of the North was by Early's Corps, he de- tached the Sixth Corps, now under General Horatio G.Wright — its old commander, General John Sedgwick, having been killed in the Wilderness- — to meet the threatened attack. The regi- ment marched with the corps to City Point, taking the transport " Eastern States." After a pleas- ant sail down the James, passing many of the old colonial estates, up the Chesapeake Bay, and thence along the Potomac to Washington, the troops disem- barked at the Arsenal wharf about noon of July 12th, and marched immediately to Fort Stevens. The corps arrived just in the nick of time. The Third Division, under General Ricketts, which had preceded the other two divisions of the corps, arrived in Balti- more a few days before, and, embarking on cars, was run out to the Monocacy, where, with troops under General Lew Wal- lace, in all numbering 8000 men, they held General Jubal Early up for a day by a most determined resistance, thus giving an opportunity for the other divisions of the corps to reach LIEl'T.-COL. CHARLES WILHELM. PENNSVLVANMA \'OLUNTEER INFANTR^-. 119 XA'ashington before Early arrived there. This determined action of General Wallace no doubt was the means of so crippling Early that he was unable to reach the vicinity of Washington before the arrival of troops destined for its defence. The Second Division, in command of General George \y. Getty ; the First Brigade, General Frank Wheaton, and the Third Brigade, Colonel Daniel D. Bidwell, disembarked at Washington at noon of the nth, and was marching under instructions out Pennsylvania avenue in the direction of the Chain Bridge when they were met by Colonel Taylor, Chief of Staff, Department of Washington, with the information that the enemy was driving in our picket line and seriously threat- ening Fort Stevens, on the Seventh Street Road. The march was directed up Eleventh street to Fort Stev- ens, meeting en route General H. G. Wright, the corps com- mander, who gave verbal in- structions to mass the column near Crystal Springs, where they arrived at 4 P. \l. One hour afterwards the forces out- side of Fort Stevens, con- sisting of the Veteran Reserve Corps, War Department Clerks and citizen volunteers were driven in toward the fort bj' a portion of Early's forces. The Ninetj^-eighth, One Hundred and Second and One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Pennsylvania were deploved as skirmishers, and soon drove the enemy back to his main line. Skirmishing continued during the night and the following day. The next day, July 12th, the First and Second Divisions of the corps arrived on the field, and about 6 P. M. the lines were charged by the First and Third Brigades of the Second Division — under command of General Wheaton during the temporary absence of General Getty — composed of the Ninety-eighth, the One Hundred and Second, the Ninety- third, Sixty-first Pennsylvania ; the Seventh Maine ; the Forty- WM. R. LITTLE, Sergeant Co. C. 120 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT third, Forty-ninth, Sixty-second, Seventy-seventh, and One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, and some eighty of the Vermont Brigade on the slcirmish line. Early was driven from his advanced position on two strong wooded hills, which our troops occupied during the night. The dawn of the next morning revealed the fact that he had fallen back. Thus ended the attempt to capture Wash- ington, and Early started on his way back home. Prior to this charge the Twenty-third, with the balance of the brigade, upon arriving at the front, was de- tailed, with the Thirty-seventh Massachusetts, to support the skirmish line engaging Early. During this short campaign they were again following the roads they had tramped over in the beginning of our service, in 1 86 1, but were not afforded a chance to visit any of the old camps or the forts for the construction of which they were prom- ised twenty-five cents additional per day. This extra remune- ration, however, failed to materialize. On the march along Four and a Half and Seventh streets, the citizens heartily cheered the troops, feeling very much rejoiced that the Sixth Corps had arrived, and many expressed themselves as assured that Washington was safe. While the people were cheering on the troops, the flankers were kept busy taking in all kinds of forage. The corps followed Early without any decided results, our brigade being rear guard to the wagon trains. Our regiment camped at Offut's Cross Roads ; passing through Poolsville, they forded the Potomac at White's Ford, and, after a skirmish, were ordered on the picket line a few miles from Leesburg, where they remained until the 8th, rejoin- ing the division at Clark's Gap, from whence they crossed the mountains, via Snicker's Gap, taking position near the Shenan- doah River, where they found the enemy encamped on the op- posite banks. The Twenty-third was on picket with the brigade from the i8th to the 20th, when, with the corps, it JOHN BARCLAY FASSITT. Captain Co. F. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 12] forded the Shenandoah River, and pushed out to the Win- chester Piice, near Berryville. Loss was several men wounded. At this juncture the corps was ordered back to the lines at Petersburg, under the supposition that Early was trying to rejoin Lee at Richmond. The return to Washington began on the 20th, and on the 21st they camped at Goose Creek, then proceeded through Peach Grove and Drainsville, recrossing the Potomac at Chain Bridge, bivouacking nearTennlytown, in the rear of Fort Gaines, and awaited transports to Petersburg. Notwithstanding the fact that the "Johnnies" failed to capture Washington, the Sixth Corps literally performed that service when the boj's were paid off, causing the provost guard to work overtime that night. Next day, orders were issued to change headquarters to Rockville, so the Corps was marched away from the city. General Earlv, who remained in the Valley, soon turned upon General Crook, who had been left in command of a small force, and drove him precipitately into Maryland, and the Sixth Corps was immediately ordered again to push forward and meet Early. On the 28th the regiment passing through Rockville, Hyattstown, and Jef- ferson, forded the Monocacy and arrived at Harper's Ferry on the 29th, the same day upon which the rebel cavalry under General McCausland destroyed Chambersburg. Here the forces under Crook and Hunter, who had been driven over the moun- tains by a long detour, were joined together. The regiment crossed the Potomac on the pon- toon bridge and marched to Halltown ; and on the following day they recrossed the river and . proceeded to Petersville, continuing the march to Frederick, memorable as the place where tradition and Boker's poem located " Barbara Fritchie," who, when Stonewall Jackson's troops marched through the town on the Antietam Campaign, JOSEPH H. WHITE, Sergeant Co. C. 121^ HISTORY OF THE TWEXTY-THIRD REGIMENT is credited with waving the American flag from out her win- dow, and defying the rebels to shoot her. During this July campaign the corps liad marched 239 miles. While in the Shenandoah \'' alley several of the men volunteered and were detached and assigned to what was known as Blaser's Scouts, and were afterwards reported as proving ver}^ proficient in that line of work. On August 7th the Twenty- third, with the division again crossed the Potomac, passing through Halltown, Berryville and Winchester. The posses- sion and control of this latter town alternated sixty-two times i:)etween the North and South during the progress of the war, WM. R. ROE, ' ° Corporal Co. G. scveral sharp engagements being fought within its streets and surroundings ; it was a colonial settlement on the National Pike — one of the stopping places in the early days of the country for travellers coming from the South ; being originally settled by the Scotch and Quakers from Pennsylvania. General Sheridan was now in command of the troops in the Shenandoah Valley, and soon was to be fought the last contest at Winchester — otherwise known as the battle of Ope- quan. This engagement finally eliminated the Confederates from the quaint old town. The Twenty-third took up the line of march through Kernstown, Middletown and Cedar Creek, at which latter place it remained until the 17th, in the meantime skirmishing with the enemy or throwing up breastworks. On that date another retrograde movement began, which continued until they reached Charlestown, memorable as the place in which John Brown was tried and executed for his attempt to liberate the slaves prior to the outbreak of the Civil war. At this place the picket line was attacked and driven in with a loss of 5 men wounded, but finally the line was restored and the position maintained. While in line of battle, supporting PENNSVLX'ANIA \'0LUNTI':ER IXFANTRY. 12-A the Eighth Corps, between Halltown and Harper's Ferry, the regiment was relie\'ed from the front and marched to Bolivar, their term of service having expired. The men were drawn up in two columns, one composing those whose term of service had expired, and the other, the veterans and recruits who were to complete their enlistments. After a farewell speech by Colonel Glenn and good-byes from their comrades with whom they had tramped the roads for three years, and with an exchange of hear- ty cheers, they embarked on the cars for home. Subsequently the veterans and recruits were consolidated into three companies and attached to the One Hundred and Nineteenth Pennsyl- vania as a battalion, under the command of Major William Clark, with which command the}^ remained until September 8, when consolidated with the Eighty-second Pennsylvania attach- ed to our old brigade, continuing in this capacity until Appo- mattox, previous to which they participated in the action at Opequan (or Winchester), September 19, 1864; Dabney's Mills, Fort Fisher, near Petersburg; the breaking of the lines at Petersburg on April 2, 1865, Sailors' Creek and Appomattox Court House. After the surrender of Lee they were detailed with the Sixth Corps to Danville, to help do up Johnson. General Sherman had, meanwhile, performed this service, and by easy stages were marched to Washington, too late, however, to take part in the grand review. Nevertheless, the Sixth Corps had a review to themselves, and was- finally mustered out July 13, 1865. Being ordered home for muster out the regiment pro- ceeded to Philadelphia, and on its arrival was met at Broad and Prime streets (now Washing- ton avenue) by a committee and escorted to the Cooper Shop Refreshment Rooms, Prime street (now ^^"ashington avenue) and Otsego streets, an institution supported by voluntary contributions of the citizens of Philadelphia, who cared for all JOHN BOYD, Co. D. IL'4 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT troops passing to and from the front through the city during the continuance of the war. On the arrival of the regiment at the Cooper Shop it was entertained by the good ladies in charge, and afforded a substantial meal. This institution and the Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, which adjoined the Cooper Shop, all Philadelphians should be proud of, as the hospitality here dispensed gave to the city a national reputation for patriotism and devotion to the cause. As the boys were anxious to get to their homes they were dismissed until 2PM., with the injunction from Colonel Glenn that he desired every man to report promptly at that hour, as the volunteer firemen of the city (from whose ranks the Twenty- third was originally recruited), had arranged for a reception and street parade. At that time the regiment assembled, and, escorted by the Henry Guards, composed of city policemen and fourteen of the volunteer fire com- panies (Delaware Engine, Good Will Hose, Western Hose, Perseverance Hose, As- sistance Engine, Washington Hose, Hope Engine, Moya- mensing Hose, Independence Engine and Shiftier Hose) and three ambulances of the de- partment belonging respec- tively to the Good Will Engine, the Franklin Hose and the Assistance Engine, proceeded along the line of march, during which they received the plaudits of their fellow-citizens, who thus evinced their appreciation of the gallant and enviable record the Twenty-third had gained during its long term of service. This ambulance system was another of the benefactions in the interests of the soldiers, as it was originally projected for the purpose of assisting in the relief of sick and wounded soldiers arriving in the city and removing them. This service was performed all through the war, voluntarily, and was greatly appreciated. s^ /^ irm PI J- ;^ ■ Q HH^hI ^ 'C^^hH^H^^^^^^^^^^bI^SSi LIEUT. FRANK LYXCH.Co. C. CAPT. FRAXK TAYLOR, Co. L PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 125 The procession was marshaled by Chief Engineer David M. Lyle, and proceeded over the following route : Along Washington avenue to Third, to South, to Twentieth, to Callow- hill, to Sixteenth, to Chestnut, to Fifth, to Vine, to Ninth, to Race, to National Guard's Hall, below Sixth street. All along the route at the street corners connected with the various com- panies hose carriages were stationed, and as the Twenty-third passed they sprung their bells as the citizens applauded. Afterwards the regiment was tendered a reception by City Councils. The Twenty-third was then dismissed, under orders to report at the City Armory, Race street, below Broad, on Sep- tember 8, 1864, at which date it was finally mustered out of service. ■' DASH." Fire Dog of 23d P. V. 12ij HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Reminiscences in tKe Life of tKe TAventy=tKird Pennsylvania Volunteers CAMPS GRAHAM and BIRNEY — 1861-1862 WHILE in Camps Graham and Birney the Twenty-third Regiment had a band of thirty-six pieces and drum corps of forty five. The favorite air of the Regiment was " Rory O'Moore," and no matter how long the band played, the demand for their favorite air would continue until it was given. Both leader Herman and Drum Major Landenberg were favorites with the men. My, what a contract the drum major had in controlling his boys ! Nearly his entire time was occupied in looking after them. They were the most mischievous lot of youngsters possible to get together, and when the order for the reduction of the bands was issued in 1862, the band of the Twenty-third was mustered out. While connected with the regiment, the band was not only useful in parade and entertaining in camp, but was also of great service in caring for the wounded on the field. William H. Albertson, Company A, had the honor of wearing the first Zouave uniform of the Twenty-third regi- ment. He was given an order to call at Second and Dock streets and was soon fitted, the tailor telling him it was the first (or sample) suit made. After donning it he, in company with one of the vivandieres of the regiment, full of pride, passed up Chestnut street on the way to the recruiting station at Ninth and Arch streets. The first arms issued to the regiment was the Harper's Ferry muskets, which had been altered into a rifle. They were most miserable weapons, were in bad condition, and proved to be the hardest kind of kickers. It was the best the govern- ment could do ; all the best guns were in the hands of the rebels, because before the war broke out all munitions of war had been shipped to Southern arsenals, so that " Uncle Sam" had to take what was left. However, by purchasing arms abroad and inducing factories to work night and day, the army I'EXXSVLN'AXIA VOLUNTEER IXFAXTR^', 127 was soon equipped with the most impixned arms. The Twenty- third exchanged the Harper's Ferry implements for the Aus- trian rifles, which were issued to us in the rough. With a little filing, however, they were put in good condition. Like all pieces at that time, they were muzzle loaders, but were most efficient firearms. The writer fired out of his piece at Malvern Hill over sixty rounds without the least trouble. The pay of the private soldier in 1 86 ( was eleven dol- lars per month. This was paid in specie, but as the war pro gressed and the premium on gold rose higher, the pay was raised to thirteen dollars, and later to sixteen dollars per month, in greenbacks. The writer remembers that his first pay was nineteen dollars and some cents. When he had counted his monev he found that he was two dollars and forty-nine cents short, and it was some time before he could account for the deficiency. Finally he found the paymaster had given him one of the new issue of pennies instead of a two-and-a-half dollar gold piece. The paymaster's attention was called to the error ; but, of course, as he never made mistakes, it had to go at that. J sm;;s masland, Sergeant Co. F. Joseph McKinney, who had two brothers in the service consented to stay home and help the old folks. A few days after the Twenty-third went to Washington, he took a run down to see the boys. One of the members of Company E being home-sick, the boys got at Joe to take his place. This, he thought, was an opportunity to get into the service, as he felt that his father, when he learned the circumstances, would commend him for it. So Wilson, the invalid, was discharged, Joe was mustered in, and then given two weeks' leave. On arriving home and explaining how he came to enlist, he received his father's blessings for doing such an honorable act. 128 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT PENINSULA CAMPAIGN "War^vicK Court Hovise — YorKto-wn — "Williams- bvirg — Fair OaKs — Seven Days' Fi^Ht — 1862 William H. Albertson, Company A, 23d Pennsylvania, and Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant, mentions that one of the bravest acts he witnessed during the service, was that of Albert B. Barry, Company A. When the lines were entering the fortifications at Yorktown, Sergeant Caldwell, who was marching ahead of Barry, stepped on a buried shell, and imme- diately the fuse began to emit smoke. Barry, as cool as if in no danger, grabbed his canteen, which was full of water, and emptied it over the shell, putting it out, at the same time call- ing to his comrades, "Men, look out; it's a torpedo!" Albertson also recalls that on the day in June, 1862, when the Twenty-third Pennsylvania was supporting a brigade of the Second Corps on the picket line in front of Richmond, during the skirmish a lieutenant of one of the regi- ments came tottering in with his hand on his chest and fell ex- hausted at his feet. Upon passing his hand under him, Albertson found the lieutenant's hand full of silver, and em- bedded in the silver was a flattened rifle ball. The only injury done him was a torn vest pocket and a large red spot caused by the force of the blow. When the lieutenant recovered from the shock he explained that a few days before he had gone to a nearby farmhouse for a square meal and tendered a ten-dollar greenback in payment, receiving his change in silver. He placed the latter in his vest pocket, which lucky circumstance was probably the means of saving his life. Another incident re- lated by the Quartermaster Sergeant is as follows : One night while on picket at Warwick, a Confederate officer came down near the creek swinging a lantern right and left, thus affording a good target. One of the men, John McGraw, was about to shoot, when Albertson grasped his rifle barrel, and at the same time whispered : " Don't fire. Jack ; it looks like murder to shoot him." No doubt the "Johnnie " owes his life to this act. When the Twenty-third Pennsylvania was on duty at Warwick Court House, Bill Hemphill, Mike Kennedy and PENNS^'LVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 129 Johnnie Kelly were on safety guard at a little farmhouse in the vicinity. After assuring the people at the house that their pos- sessions were perfectly safe — rations being very scarce at this time — they began figuring how to have a chicken stew with- out being guilty of taking the chicken. While they were de- liberating, Andy White, one of the fifers of Company F, came out to the post, so they took Andy around the place and showed him the fowls, meanwhile instructing him how to run the guards. While trying to explain these details they were surprised by the old lady of the place putting in an appearance and accusing Andy of having been there the day before, and declared that he then cut off the head of her favorite rooster. Of course, that settled the little ruse. The guards drove "Whitey" off the place, and no chicken tickled the palates of the squad that day— all on account of the " stuffy little drummer," as the old lady called Andv. In the action at Fair Oaks, when the men of the Twenty- third were ordered back from the first charge to reform line, on the wagon road that ran through the woods, one of the I. boys, seeing the colors lying on the ground brought them GEORGE WOOD, Captain Co. E. safely into the line, carrying his gun in one hand and the flag in the other. As he reached the line he turned the colors over to one of the sergeants. Lieutenant Marchant, who commanded his company, and who witnessed the delivery of the colors to the sergeant inquired why he had done so. " Well, you taught me to hold onto my gun under all circumstances, and as I could not carry both, I gave the colors to the ser- geant." The lieutenant replied, somewhat sternly, " Darn the gun ! why didn't you throw it away? You saved the colors and should have had all the honors." 130 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT One night while on picket in the woods at Warwick Creek, the grand rounds found one of the men, Johnnie Con- nelly of F Company, Twenty-third Pennsylvania, missing from his post. All during the night there could be heard a faint call, which appeared to come from the woods, but no one knew exactly where to locate it. At daylight search was made for the missing picket, when it was found that he had fallen into an abandoned well. Having no ropes at hand, it was found quite a job to get him out, but with the aid of a twisted blanket and a number of suspenders, be was finally reached and hoisted to terra firma. When Dr. Roller ex- amined him, he found Con- nelly to be uninjured except from shock, and he continued in the service until the mus- ter out. JOSEPH STOKLEY, Co. G. The second night after the battle of Fair Oaks, Johnnie Kelly and Jake Lewis, of F Company, passed over our picket line and got into the camp outside of our line, reach- ing the line of tents of the field and staff. Kelly appropriated an officer's overcoat, blanket and haversack, and Lewis pos- sessed himself of a well-loaded haversack. Together they quietly crawled back through the line. When Kelly reached the company street he donned the officer's coat and then began strutting around, affecting all the airs possible. Suddenly, on making a search of the coat pockets, a sash and small red cap were discovered. Kelly then for the first time realized that he had possession of " Bucky " Neill's coat. How to restore it without being detected and punished for venturing outside the lines was a question. But, as he|desired the old man to get his coat, the night being somewhat chilly, Kelly determined to face the music. Accordingly he approached the colonel, saluted, and handed him the coat. The colonel asked Kelly how he got the coat, and when he told the circumstances he PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. L31 gave Kelly all that was coming to him for his dereliction in going beyond the picket line. The colonel then turned on his heel and walked away. Kelly, feeling keenly the call-down, was on his way back to where a squad of the boys were en- joying his discomforture, when " Bucky" called out "F come back ! " Then, pulling out his manifold, he wrote something on a piece of paper, handed it to Kelly, and told him never to have occasion to be reprimanded again. Kelly, upon reading the missive by the light at the fire, found it was an order for a canteen of "commissary." This put the " judge " again in his element and the laugh was on the boys. Such was Bucky's way. The first year of the war was very trying to the men of the Twenty-third regiment as it took more than the regular clothing allowance to pay for their uniforms. Within a year they were compelled to purchase three distinct suits. The first was a Zouave uniform, which wore out in six months ; next a dark blue uniform, with dress coat, dog collar and epau- lettes, and finally blouse and blue pants. So at the end of the year from $8 to $15 were deducted from the accounts of those who had overdrawn their clothing allowance. One of the company's books was lost in action, and, a few days after the fight, while Lieutenant Mar- chant was having the pay rolls made out, a "coffee-cooler" who could never be got under fire, appeared with the book under his arm. He claimed that while prowling over the battlefield he found it. The boys therefore had to go short on that month's pay, as it was the settlement for the year, and the " Coffee Cooler " in consequence did police duty for a long time. HENRY G FRITSCH, Captain Co. B. 132 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT T-wenty-tKird Pennsylvania at Fair OaKs By Jimmy SmitK, Co. H., 23d P. V. You soldiers all, both great and small, you heroes and you braves, Artillerymen and cavalry, likewise all you Zouaves ; I pray your attention, and hear what I do say, And you'll hear how the Twenty-third behaved on the 31st of May. About noon on Saturday the rebels hove in sight. Their courage raised by whiskey, they thought to show us fight. They thought by superior numbers to make us run away. But you'll hear how they were mistaken on the 31st of May. They first drove in our pickets and thought it a great feat, Saying now the day's our own, we've got the Yankees beat ; But they soon found out that fighting was a game that two could play And the rebels did the running on the 31st of May. They drove back Casey's division and thought the day their own. But the Twenty-third was ahead of them just like a wall of stone ; They tried very hard to drive us, but had to let us stay, For we would not yield, nor leave the field, on the Thirty-first of May. The Twenty-third was drawn up in line and ready for the strife, Each man for his country — would freely give his life ; The first volley that they gave us, our flag was shot away, Then fell the gallant Bolton on the Thirty-first of May. We gave them plenty Union pills, when our gallant Colonel Neill, Said: "Forward now my hearts of oak, and give them the cold steel ; " The Twenty-third dashed boldly in — the rebels ran away. And in that charge brave Ely fell, on the Thirty-first of May. Volley after volley our brave boys did on them pour. Then, Captains Wallace and Palmer fell bleeding in their gore ; The gallant young Lieutenant Wood, fell at his post that day. As many did in the Twenty -third on the 31st of May. The rebels thought to draw us on, showing a flag of truce, But Colonel Wilhelm was to sharp, he soon found out the ruse ; We made another charge on them, they fled in wild dismay. Then gallant Boggs fell, cheering us, on the 31st of May. Many a good man in the ranks was made to bite the dust. But soon we filled their places, for we knew our cause was just ; When the rebels met the Twenty-third, their general he did say : " We have got too far from Richmond on the 31st of May." Here is long hfe and prosperity to our gallant Colonel Neill, Likewise to all our officers, their hearts are true as steel ; And health to every private, that stood by us that day, And nobly fought for his country's flag on the 31st of May. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 133 George Peiper of B Company, Twenty-third Pennsylvania, states that one day while on picket along Warwick Creek, " California Joe," of Berdan's sharpshooters came to the reserve picket and wanted to know if they needed his services. The lieutenant took him out to the line and located one of the "Johnnies" who had been very troublesome, he having wounded several of the men. In a few minutes Joe fired and brought down the Reb. On his way back, one of the members of Company C was induced to hang his cap three hundred yards away in a tree in order to test the accuracy of Joe's aim. When the cap was brought in, it was found that the bullet had struck the letter " C " squarely in the centre. Joe was a most wonderful shot and whenever he was around the " Johnnies" kept well under cover. When Colonel Birney was promoted to brigadier general — the War Department, having fixed the maximum at looo for infantry regiments — four companies of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, L, O, P, and R were transferred to the Sixty-first Pennsylvania In- fantry. Company M was dis- banded and the men transferred to various companies of the Twenty-third. Not knowing that this was in compliance with orders from the War Depart- ment the men were very indignant, and the first time General Birney visited the camp to pay his respects to Colonel Neill — we were then bivouacked beyond the village of Hampton — instead of cheers he was jeered and accused of having sold the regiment. General Birney was about to leave the. camp when Colonel Neill made his appearance, and the boys soon scattered. Shortly after this when the men learned of the action of the War Department, they were anxious to atone for their disrespect to General Birney, and in some measure also repay the debt of gratitude due him for his kindness when the regiment came out of the fight at Fair Oaks in NEAL McFADDEN, Co. C. 134 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT giving the men rations from his commissary. The opportunity came on the third day after the action, while the regiment was moving up on the banics of the railroad. General Birney and his staff came riding down on the opposite side. As soon as the men saw him, they began cheering, and wheeling to the front, he stood with his hat off, and as each company passed they gave him rousing cheers. No doubt he was pleased to again enjoy the good will of his old command. Ever afterwards when he visited the camp Gen- eral Birney was given an ova- tion by the boys. He was a kind and ' considerate com- mander, a most distinguished and brave soldier, and one of the two civilian soldiers that rose to the command of an army corps. He always main- tained his love and pride for his first command — the Twenty- third Pennsylvania Volunteers. JAMES COLWELL, Lieutenant Co. A. Fred. Huber, First Sergeant Company F, was killed at Fair Oaks, and was buried where he fell. A few weeks after the fight his father. Dr. Huber, of Gettysburg, came down to take his remains home. Volunteers went out and disinterred the body, carrying it to Savage Station, where it was shipped North and buried in Evergreen Cemetery at Gettysburg where a tombstone was placed over his grave. During the battle of Gettysburg, General Hunt, in charge of the artillery, in stationing the batteries in the Cemetery ordered the tombstones to be laid down. As a young sapling grew in front of Hubers resting place, his tombstone was left standing and it was the only tombstone that was damaged during the artillery duel. The family, when they brought his body to Gettysburg, never thought a battle would wage all round that then quiet section, but such is War ! PENNSVIA'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 135 During the Seven Days' Fight Sher Smith, of H Com- pany, was on picket at the Crossing of White Oak Swamp. While Porter's siege trains were passing to the rear, the head of the wagon train, loaded with quartermaster's supplies, had reached Smith's post and, being headed for Richmond, he halted it and reported the matter to Captain Craig, in charge of the picket The latter sent Smith to Colonel Neill, then in charge of the brigade, for instructions. While standing at arms-a-port delivering his message, the quartermaster of the train came bustling up and wanted to know the name and regiment of the officer that halted his train, saying that he always took a memorandum of just such smart officers. The colonel ordered Smith to come to order arms and answer the quartermaster. He replied that the officer's name was Lieutenant James M. Craig, of H Company, Twenty-third Pennsylvania. When " Bucky " heard the Twenty-third mentioned, he thundered out, in his well-known manner : " That's my regiment, sir ! and these men were doing their duty. Go back to your train, pull it off the road, and park it, until I can ascertain from Gen- eral Couch, across the swamp, what he wants done." Smith returned to his picket post, and when the quartermaster passed him, on the way back to the wagon train, the latter wanted to know the name of the general, saying that he never before had found a man so full of bristles. When told that he was Colonel of the Twenty-third regiment, and acting brigadier general, the quartermaster volunteered the remark that " he certainly knew how to stand up for his own jacobh.ever, command." captain co. a. The Twenty-third Pennsylvania had a fire-dog called "Dash"; he seemed to know all the boys and was in his element when under fire. At Fair Oaks he and the chap- lain were captured, but during the night both got back to 136 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT the lines. " Dash " becoming too fat to keep up on the march, the boys took turns at carrying him. He was wounded, honorably discharged, and shipped to the Delaware Engine House, where he belonged. He never reached there, however, as he was lost on the way up from the front. The Twenty-third, after its night march to reach Malvern Hill, was bivouacked at the edge of the woods, awaiting the coming up of the division. Soon the men were down and asleep. The road was filled with debris from the battle of Charles City Cross-Roads, es- pecially broken down artillery and stragglers. The latter passed along the edge of the woods to keep out of the dust of the road, and a guard was stationed on each flank to drive them back to the road, so that they would not disturb the men who were asleep. This kept the guards busy ; a lieutenant colonel was among those halted and ordered out to the road. He at once asserted his authority of rank and tried to push forward. " Bucky," who had kept awake, witnessed the occurrence, and thundered out in a quick succession of sentences : " Who are you ? where is your regiment, sir? What are you doing here? Sentry, put him out on the road ! " And as the sentry jabbed at the lieutenant colonel's horse, the latter suddenly backed out into the road. Colonel Neill then ordered the sentry to call the corporal of the guard. The corporal reported to the colo- nel, but soon came back with orders to take off the guards and give the sentries a chance to sleep. Such was the consideration of dear old " Bucky " Neill for the welfare of his troops. WM. W. MILFORD, Co. H. At Malvern Hill just before the last charge of the "John- nies," Charles W. Hess, drummer of H Company, Twenty-third Pennsylvania, assisted one of the wounded of the regiment from the field to the hospital, and on the way back to the PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 187 lines with a comrade from another regiment, it became so dark that they could not locate their respective regiments. Finally, they laid down among the dead and wounded, and at daylight were awakened by one of the cavalry going through the dead men. When he discovered they were alive, he informed them that the army had pulled out for Harrison's Landing, and that the Reb's skirmishers were even then coming out of the woods — a quarter of a mile away. Hess' companion was so completely played out and broken in spirit when he found the army had departed, that no amount of coaxing could in- duce him to follow, so at last Hess suggested that they play a game of " seven up " to de- cide what course they should take ; if he won, they were to push on and overtake the army ; if he lost, he could stay and be captured. Hess won, so they " hiked out " and caught the army that night at Harrison's Landing. ARCHIBALD SMITH, Co. E. At Harrison's Landing one afternoon, on dress parade, the officers were called to the front and, in a few endearing words. Colonel Neill presented to Second Lieutenant James M. Craig a beautiful sword, which the members of his company had procured for him at Philadelphia. This brave, modest and unassuming soldier was quite embarrassed, but he managed to return his thanks. It was, indeed, a pleasure to all the regiment to see this mark of esteem bestowed upon him, as he was well-liked by everybody. 138 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT SEVEN DAYS' FIGHT. By Jimmy Smith, Co. H, 23d P. V. Away down in old Virginia not many months ago, McClellan made a movement, and he made it very slow. The rebels they soon found it out and pitched into our rear, They got the very deuce, for they found old Kearney there. Chorus. — In the old Virginia lowlands, lowlands, lowlands. In the old Virginia lowlands, low. Again at Savage Station we met the rebel foe, That General Sumner whipped them, their list of killed will show. Then fighting Josey Hooker, he came up with his train. He met them on the third day, and walloped them again. Chorus. The rebels they still followed us, their numbers two to one. But " Little Mac," he let them see that Yankees would not run; For every place they attacked us, we dearly made them pay, And when the shades of night fell 'round us, we coolly walked away. Chorus. Again they tried to surround us and attack us in the rear. But every place they showed themselves they found the Yankees there. " Mac " thought that he would stop the fun and bring it to an end; The only way to do that was for Couch's men to send. Chorus. When we heard that Mac had sent for us with joy our hearts did fill. And we were quickly ready on the top of Malvern Hill. The rebels they advanced on us but we were not dismayed. They might as well have met the devil as Abercrombie and his Brigade. Chorus. The rebels they commenced the fight by throwing shot and shell. That was a game they soon found out that Couch's men could them excel. We fought them from morning dawn until the setting sun, Among the killed and wounded, why, they had three to one. Chorus. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 139 The Twenty-third, the Eighty-second, were early on the ground, The Sixty-first and the New York Chasseurs, soon showed themselves around. Then came the First Long Island, we all did our work quite well, As many a wounded rebel from experience can tell. Chorus. When we came to James River the boys began to cheer, When the)- saw the little Monitor up the river she did steer. The rebel General got scared and unto his men did say, " Here comes a Yankee earthquake, we had better get away." Chorus. Now all you politicians a word I ha\e for you. Let our Little Mac alone for he is tried and true. And you have found out lately that he is our only hope. For he saved the Capitol, likewise McDowell and Pope. Chorus. Now I think I will finish and bring this to an end. With three cheers for Little Mac — he's every soldier's friend. I would like all agitators and politicians to understand. If one can save the Union, why Little Mac's the man. Chorus. 140 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Bull IV\in and 7^.ntietain Campaign 1862 DURING the Bull Run campaign the Twenty-third Penn- sylvania came up from the peninsula and disembarked from the transports at Alexandria, and while waiting- for the balance of the brigade, the regiment stacked arms in front of a grocery store, the men seating themselves on the curbstone. Around the awning of the store was hung brand new quart tin cups — the kind the soldiers did most of their cooking in. Soon the store was filled with the boys, who pre- tended to buy. Suddenly someone cut the string to which the cups were attached, and down they came. Such scrambling ! In the midst of all this excitement one man ran out of the store carrying a whole cheese. As he turned the corner of the house into a vacant lot the cheese fell out of his arms and rolled down the hill to a fence with the crowd scrambling around it. One of the boys thinking to steal a march, climbed the fence and with his knife burrowed a hole under the fence and was soon cutting slices of the cheese and stufifing it into his buttoned blouse when all of.a sudden the fence came down nearly squeezing the life out of him. When he was pulled out of the wreck he was smeared all over with cheese and as he came back to his chum, who inquired what he got, replied — " Got nearly squashed to death, nevermind old boy there goes inspection ; I have half of a ham hid under that door step." After inspection nothing being found, as the rain was pouring in torrents, the regiment was moved to some open govern- ment carpenter shops to await the arrival of the division and soon most everybody was engaged in cooking eggs, frying ham, etc. It is hoped that the quartermaster settled with the grocer. As we were pushing for the front in the direction of Bull Run, we found stragglers and coffee coolers from McDowell's and Pope's commands, on both sides of the road. A regular army officer, who knew Colonel Neill, commenting upon the straggling, wagered a bottle of wine, that several men in the field were members of his old regiment. The bet was accepted PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 141 and away they went to determine it. Upon reaching the men, sure enough the figures on the caps, were 23d. The colonel in his peremptory way, wanted to know what regiment they belonged to, one of them replying, Twenty-third New Jersey. After reprimanding them for being away from their com- mand, ordered them back to the road and as they pulled out, " Bucky," with his bland smile, claimed to have won the bet. That night, as the men were in bivouac, cooking their supper, the colonel came among them and tapping one of the boys, Johnnie Carri- gan, on the shoulder, ex- claimed, "That's right, my man, whenever you straggle don't belong to the Twenty- third Pennsylvania." JACOB FOW, Co. G. After the Antietam campaign, a detail of the Twenty- third was placed on headquarters' guard. On the march down into Virginia, rations were short, the country having been gone over by both armies, but little was left when the com- mand reached Little Baltimore. The headquarters' wagon com- ing up, the general's tent was put up. One of the detail found in the general's wagon about one-half bushel of potatoes and soon the guard was frying and stewing the " Murphies," when who should turn up but "Bucky" Neill's cook. It was then learned that " Bucky ' was in command of the brigade and that the guard had cleaned him out of rations. What was left was hastily gathered up and quietly slipped back into the wagon. Soon the guard was drawn up in front of his quarters, repri- manded upon foraging, especially upon the commissary of the general, and was relieved by a squad of the Sixty-fifth New York (Chasseurs) and sent to the regiment. This was one of the times they made a mistake, as nothing was too good for ^' Bucky." Had they known he was at headquarters, they would have gone to sleep hungry. 142 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT FredericKsburg — Marye's HeigKts and Salem CKurcK Campaigns. 1862—1863. AT Marye's Heights, when the skirmishers of the Twenty- third Pennsylvania advanced through the fog, to feel the enemy, the orders were upon receiving fire, to fall back a short distance to a slight depression in the ground, lay down and await the orders to charge. The Rebs opened a se- vere fire as they neared the stone wall and one of the men wounded was Charley Smallwood, of Company G. To get out of range of the fire, he crawled over to a house that stood on the edge of the road, it being occu- pied by Confederate sharpshooters, he was taken prisoner and turned over to the trenches in the sunken road, theMississip- pians telling him how they would annihilate the Yanks when they came on the charge. Here he was left until the assault, and as our line swept into the sunken road, the Johnnies broke and he found he was among his own people.. Com- pany G was rejoiced to know that Charley was recap- tured. After recovering from his wound he came back and remained until the end of the war. The men of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania had been lying in support of a battery at Fredericksburg, until they be- came somewhat cramped and finally one and then the other got up to stretch his legs, until there was too many of them standing up, which drew the fire of the enemy's guns, as well as his sharpshooters. Of course we were under orders, close under fire, could not fire a shot, as our battery in front was doing the work. On the call of one of the officers to lie down, all went down close to the ground, except Dan Donnelly, or old man Donnelly as we called him. At last the captain peremptorily ordered him down not wanting to have him exposed need- lessly. "Well, captain, I must obey your orders, but do you call this fighting ? Give me 50 men and I will take the battery on yon hill, so with such kids as wait until it cools off, we will buy a little battery for you." Dan laid down. But, all the same we knew that Donnelly meant just what he said, as he had been well tested before. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 143 His son was wounded in the cliarge at Fair Oaks by being struck on the belt plate and doubled up — he could scarcely walk. The old man, after examining him, finding no blood, pushed him forward until he was again hit, this time in the ankle. Old Dan, think- ing to save his life, cut the ball out with his razor. Dan was sent to the hospital and wrote the boys he was going in the Nav}', as the old man was too much for him. While the old man could never be taught to keep step, he was a most excellent, brave, obedient and fearless soldier ; tough as nails, standing the campaign until the end with the best of us. When the Twenty- third Pennsylvania went into camp near White Oaks Church in November, 1862, the wagon trains were away back, so the regiment went on picket duty without rations. This part of the country had been for- aged by both armies, so there was little left ; but some of the boys on the picket reserve found a cache of potatoes and divided them as far as they would go. While they were roasting them, an ex-Confederate who had lost his leg in one of the battles on the Peninsula, loomed up on his wooden leg and told the boys that he was living in a log house back in the woods and when he went to the cache for some potatoes, found that some one had cleaned him out. Of course they did not know that they had cleaned out an old Johnnie Reb, so the reserve picket invited him to share with themthe meal of roasted potatoes. When they got back to camp the wagons were up, rations were distributed and a cracker box loaded with sup- plies was carried out to the old Vet. Before leaving here, two more box loads were taken out to his log house, so Johnnie was bridged over for that winter. DR. G. W. YEOMAXS, Asst. Surgeon. 144 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Dr. William C. Roller, Surgeon of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, says the most singular wound he was called upon to attend while in the service was that of Major Healy, of the Chasseurs, Sixty-fifth New York, in the early morning of the day that Marye's Heights was assaulted, after the Sixty-fifth New York had charged and cleared the way at Hazel Run, the Twenty-third took the advance into Fredericksburg. When the regiment got into the town, he told Stiney, who carried the medicine chest, to find a house with a piano and saw the legs off so it could be used as an operating table. Stein soon reported and Roller was arranging mat- ters to transact business when the first one to be bought in was Major Healy. They were old time friends and upon examin- ing him found he had been wounded in the abdomen. Not being able to find the place where the ball had passed out, he concluded he was mortally wounded, and cheering the Major up, told him he would send him across the river and home to his parents in New York City, which was done. Some time that winter the doc- tor was writing a letter when a rap came on the tent pole and calling out "Come in", who ARCHIBALD McCORKn,L, .Co. D. should appear but Major Healy ; he was more than agreeably surprised to find him alive. "Why, Major, old boy, how did you manage to survive ? " Haley remarked " it wasn't such a bad wound after all. When I got home and was carried to bed, the old family doctor was called in, and of course started to exam- ine me, but I was so sore and swelled up that I kicked about being turned over, but he would have his own way and turning me over he found that the ball had passed entirely around me, coming out at the point of entrance, it could be plainly traced by the line of inflammation." Dr. Roller was a most noted surgeon in the field during the entire war. He died in 1900, at Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. Major Healy served the war out and resides in Washington. PENNSYL\'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 145 One of the boys of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, tells this story of Pat Hickey of Company F. They were chums at home, and when under fire Pat always covered him in the ranks. At Fredericksburg they were both wounded, no doubt by the same ball, one in the head, the other in the left arm. On the way back to the rear, assisted by Billy Craig, they struck a double ambulance. Putting the other fellow into it, Craig bid them good-bye and crawled back to his place in the company, as the enemy was at this time sweeping the ground with his batteries. Just then a shell passing near the ambu- lance, frightened the driver, and jumping oS, away went the team. Hickey with his one arm tried to check them and find- ing it was no use, got out on the step and catching his chum's waist-band jumped off and out he came, sock on the ground completely knocking him out. Just then one of the wounded passing, helped him back to the rear, where he fell into the hands of Surgeon Roller of the Twenty-third. After doing what was possible to stop the flow of blood, he told Hickey to stick to him. This he did, remaining with him until the army re- crossed the river, although, during Sunday and Monday, he had the chance like all others who were able to travel to go North. Hick got a $5 bill from one of the officers and walked six miles to the train and bought a can of beef tea. It was eleven days before they reached the hospital at Wash- ington, he caring for his chum during that time. When they came up before the surgeon for examination for furlough, given according to the disa- bility, not exceeding sixty days, Hickey got thirty and his chum sixty, his chum asked that his be reduced to thirty. This surprised the surgeon and when told how faithful Pat had been, gave him sixty days. As they passed down Pennsylvania Avenue on the way to take the train, they ran across Dr. Roller who had taken a run up for a few days JOHN MOFFITT, Co. F. ]46 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT from the front. He had just drawn his pay, was glad to meet the boys, found them dead broke and gave each a $5 bill. These facts are a sample of the Twenty-third, they always stuck to each other. ALONG THE CHICKAHOMINY. General Alexander Shaler, the brigade commander, in responding to the toast of Marye's Heights, at the Twenty- third's banquet, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, in 1886, stated he was glad that Chaplain Shinn had so ably gone over the PENXSYLVAN'IA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 147 ground in his vivid description of the events of that engage- ment, tliat he could but add that he had the honor to be there, and it was his fortune to have command of the supporting column on the right, composed of the Eighty-second Pennsyl- vania and Sixty-seventh New York. The charging column. Sixty-first Pennsylvania and Forty-third New York, was under the command of that brave and efficient officer Colonel Spear, who was killed while leading the charge across the causeway. These regiments were prepared for the charge in the streets of Fredericksburg under shelter of the houses, and the long wait before we had orders to move, was a most severe strain on the officers and men. We all realized what was to be done and anxiously awaited the order to advance ; messages were hastily written home, and when the order came it seemed a relief. As the column moving by fours passed to the outer edge of the town, the enemy opened a most destructive fire of artillery and musketry from the Heights, rifle pits and from the famous stone wall at its base, and for a moment the head of the column staggered and wavered. Spear fell, the ranks were closed, and the rush made but only to be again checked. Perceiving this, I pushed up the supports and in a solid mass the column rushed onward over the wall and up the Heights. We knew that after passing the stone wall we had turned their flank. Hastening up the Heights my first thoughts were to get'the men into some forma- tion and this required no little effort, as they were wild with enthusiasm and filled with ecstasy over the important cap- ture. Looking around, I saw my two gallant aides — Lieuten- ants Armstrong and Johnson of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania — at my side and gave them orders to have the regimental fiags stationed in line and to instruct in speedily forming line of battle without regard to companies or regiments, as one thousand resolute men that JOHN VGl'.NT,, Co. E. 148 PEXNSVLVAXIA \'OLUXTEER INFANTRY. 149 might possibly be rallied behind the hill, would have swept us back from the heights. Our lines were soon formed upon the colors of the Sixty-fiirst and Eighty-second Penns}'lvania within the works. I remember in looking ofi towards the left to see our lines of battle which plainly told the whole position had been taken. Before moving, out on the charge, I remember seeing the Twenty-third Pennsylvania lying in front of the stone wall or sunken road where I had placed them, holding that position un- der a severe fire, and I want to say to the Twenty-third, that they are entitled to great praise, not only for the patient manner in which they uncomplainingly held so exposed a position six long hours, but for volunteering to join the charge on the Heights as they were not of the charging column. Seeing troops over at a redoubt, near the little brick-walled cemetery on the apex of the Heights, I sent Lieutenant Johnson over to learn what troops they were, and upon reporting to me learned it was the Twenty-third ; they had gone in with the Sixth Maine and Fifth Wisconsin, under Colonel Johns, crossing the sunken road and scaling the Heights. Your Chaplain mentions in his oration, that I was the first mounted officer inside the enemy's \vorks. \A^ell, really, I won't say as to that, but if I was, Lieutenant Armstrong of my staff was a good second. Poor fellow, he was a brave, gentle- manly officer, and now lies sleeping in a heroe's grave. Lieutenant Johnson, also of my staff, had his horse injured in the charge as we approached the base of the hill, but he crawled up with the rest of the column and reported to me — dis- mounted, and was there almost as soon as L Before closing, I want to add my endorsement of Chaplain Shinn's description of the fight, and particularly that part in the vicinity of Marye's Heights as being a most truthful story, much more accurate DANIEL FOW, Co. E. 150 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT than any I have read. The advance to Salem Church, you will remember, did not begin until late in the afternoon, the delay being caused by the First Division under General Brooks being ordered from this position, three miles below, to take the advance. Many things might have been done, but it is not my place to criticise superior officers then, and no good can come from doing so now. One thing is certain, we should not have allowed Wilcox's Brigade, who were at Bank's Ford to escape. The whole country to the left was open, giving a splendid opportunity to move in deployed lines and so encompass the fugitives in the woods to the right and capture them all. It was a brilliant feat of arms to take the Heights and was another laurel added to the coronet of the Old Sixth Corps. The part taken by the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, you may well be proud of, and I congratulate you that in this, as in all the battles of the Grand Old Army of the Potomac, the gallantry of the regiment was conspicuous. X( ).\-C()MMISSIO\ED STAFF. \Vm. H. Alrkrtson, Q. M. SergL. Ira Webster, Sergt. -Major. Oi.UKR T, EcKERT, Com.-Sergt. F. A, Ni-\iLi.K, Hospital Steward. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 151 Gettysburg Campaign 1863 At Gettysburg a ball hit John Ouinn of E Company, Twenty-third Pennsyh'ania, on the heel of his shoe, glancing off, striking Henry Dougherty on the breast. When examined it was found the ball had struck a daguerreotype of his best girl, thus saving his life, while he had a very painful breast for some time ; he lived to serve his time out and married the girl. Chaplain Shinn, of the Tvvent}^-third Pennsylvania, took the pains while in service to ascertain the average age of the men of the regiment at enhstment, and found it to be nineteen 3^ears. After the dedication of the monument at Gettysburg, the writer, in company with Sergeant James Spence, visited the field, and upon reaching the Twenty-third monument, Spence after having inspected it and reading the inscription, ex- pressed himself as being very much pleased with it, with the exception of the statue surmounting it, which he thought was too youthful a figure. " Why, what age do you think that figure represents?" "I should say it was a bo)^ of nineteen years of age." "Spence, when were you born?" "In July, 1844." " Well add nineteen to that and you will find you were nine- teen years old when you laid over there in the line on July 2d and 3rd, 1863." One of tKe Boys of tKe 23cl in Hospital at YorK, Pa., W^ovrnded, Tells of Gordon's Advance Upon THat Place and "WrigKtsville On Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania in 1863, we were in hospital at York, Pa., recovering from wounds received at Fredericksburg. When the Governor of Pennsylvania sent a request to the hospital for volunteers, the surgeon in charge assembled the boys on dress parade, and after reading Governor Curtin's telegram he requested all those who desired to volun- teer for field service, in the State, to step one pace to ihe front, when 187 of the boys responded, it being left to their decision to choose their officers to command the battalion. Canvassing 152 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT W. ]. BAKKR, Corporal Co. E. was commenced and after casting ballot, a sergeant of the Second Wisconsin was elected our captain, and if my memory serves me right, a one-armed Philadelphia boy was selected first lieutenant, and a New York high private our second lieutenant. Of the 187 it was said 185 were wounded men, the balance of the hospital boys looked upon the whole affair as a huge j oke or I might say scare of the Governor's. After organizing we were dis- missed with orders to be ready at any moment. The first night we were placed on picket to try how the old thing worked, as the Johnnies at that time were probably near South Mountain, some fifty miles or more away. i\fter several days of lounging around the hospital during the day and picketing at night, one of our scouts, for we had selected a sergeant of the First Maine Cavalry and another Philadelphia cavalryman, who had been off on scout duty since our entree into the new service, rode into the hos- pital grounds, and after a hurried consultation with the sur- geons, preparations were at once made for the removal of the hospital inmates and property to Columbia, ten miles in rear on the north bank of the Susquehanna, and before the next morning, about the only ones left was the battalion. About 4 P. M. we marched out the pike towards Gettysburg. When four miles out we returned hurriedly and took the last train for Wrightsville, none too soon, for the mounted infantry of Early's Corps appeared on all the hills and formed a cordon around the town. After an exchange of shots at very long range, we arrived at Wrightsville, opposite Columbia,, where some militia were entrenched, and about daylight we were thrown out on picket skirmish fine. Some time about noon the Rebs began feeling their way in by shelling, the first shell passing over to the entrenchments. A cloud of dust then going towards the river, indicated that the PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 153 militia were being withdrawn across the bridge and the bat- talion left to get all the glory. We hadn't long to wait as skirmishers soon appeared and we had it quite lively for some time. Our captain thought it about time to end the fun, or else we might have become boarders at Libby, Andersonville, etc., and word was passed along the line to rally on the centie, which was in an open field, in full view of the Johns. As soon as all were in, he gave the command left face, and we marched steadily by the flank, until we reached a deep road along the river, from where it was everyone for himself, to reach the bridge. VVe found it barricaded with heavy timbers. The bridge was a covered one, one and a quarter miles long, with a foot walk on the east side. One of the boys took the foot walk, and after running one-quarter mile, discovered his retreat cut oS, as the bridge on that side had been cut and not know- ing how to swim, he took his chance of going back to the mouth of the bridge. Fortunately, he found a window, crawled through and landed across the dead line. The bridge was not only sawed in two a quarter of a mile from the mouth, but was saturated with oil and combustible matter. Soon the rebs came dashing into the bridge and we had a soft thing on them, firing from behind the uprights of the bridge — but orders must be obeyed and the bridge was fired. We lounged around, until the smoke and flames made it a race for life to reach the other end, a mile away, and when we got there, found that the artillery boys from the hospital had two twelve pounders planted to sweep the bridge and by that confounded order didn't get a chance to fire a shot. The impression was then, and belief JOB T. HICKMAN, Lieutenant Co. H. of the old soldiers now is, that the bridge should not have been fired, but the commander thought differently and another one and a half millions of debt, was the 154 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT result. The battalion was the guest of the town and the good people of Columbia made our forced visit a most pleasant one. The next morning it was discovered that the enemy was leaving. Twenty of the battalion volunteered to cross the river, so securing a boat and rope, soon established a ferry. Find- ing Gordon's brigade had with- drawn, the battalion was ordered over, and by easy stages, marched back to York, picking up on the way many reb stragglers. The people of York were not of the Union loving kind before the rebs came, and the levies that were made upon them by the Con- federates, was rather a severe lesson to a sympathizer. If they did not relish the blue before, they did now, and we were heartily welcomed. After sev- eral days of duty, scouring the country, bringing in reb strag- glers, we disbanded and took our station at our Ward Beds. We had a mother's and father's likeness, tied up in a silk pocket American fiag, under the head of our bed, and when we looked for it, it wasn't there. If the ex-Confederate who may have it in his possession, will send his address to the Secretary of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, he will be pleased to correspond. Our scouts did some valuable services during this cam- paign and related many an exciting incident of the times they had among the rebs to the boys around the hospital camp fire. WiUiam Milford of Company H, Twenty-third Pennsyl- vania, while lying in the breastworks at Culp's Hill, on the morning of July 3d, picked up the head of a penny which some one had cut out, probably to make a stickpin. Some months afterwards while on reserve picket under Lieutenant Vodges of F Company, talking over campaigns, told of a relic he found at Gettysburg, and pulling it out showed it to the lieu- tenant. GEORGE W. PALMER, Corporal Co. H. PENNSYLX'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 15o "Why, Milford, you are the man I have been looking for," and pulHng out of his pocket a ring or rim of a penny, it was found the two pieces fitted together. The lieutenant stated that he had found the ring when the regiment went over from Gulp's Hill to the left of Meade's headquarters, on the afternoon of July 3d. He gave the relic to Milford, and when the regiment erected its monu- ment at Gulp's Hill, Gettj's- burg, in 1886, Milford had the relic go in with others that are now in the box sunken in the lower base of the monument. The Twenty-third Penn- sylvania was on its way over from Little Round Top in the early morning of July 3d, to the support of Geary's Division at Gulp's Hill; as they crossed the HENRY CREASE, 1st Sergeant Co. B. Baltimore Pike at the Spangler House, a shell knocked some bricks out of the chimney of the farmhouse. Three countr}'- men or citizens, perhaps belonging at the house, were com- menting on the destruction of the battle, and wanted to know why the troops could not keep on the roads to do their fight- ing and not come tramping down the crops. It was quite amusing to the boys from their point of view. When they reached the position they were cheered by the troops, as re-enforcements were very much needed in that part of the field that had been so hotly contested. 156 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT RappaKannocK Station — Mine Run — Brandy- Station — JoKnson's Island 1863—1864 THE Twenty-third Pennsylvania in the mid-winter of 1864 on their way out to Johnson Island, in passing through one of the stations of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in West Virginia, saw several barrels of chickens and turkeys on the platform, ready for shipment. Soon the boys were lighting fires and having a good time roasting fowls, to the discomfiture of the station master. Quartermaster Chandler was hunted up and of course gave him full allowance in due bills to cover the losses. Johnnie Kelly of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania says that while laying at Brandy Station, Harry Barnholt of Company F got a canteen of commissary and in order that the boys could not get away with it, sat upon it, while he was playing a game of poker. Every time he would raise up to take in the pot, he would pull up the canteen and take one for luck. Finally the boys got a canteen full of water and when he rose up to take in the next pot, slipped his canteen out, replacing it with the one with water and feeling good over his win, Harry pulled the canteen up to take another smile, and when he found it was water, it broke him and the game up. While at Johnson's Island, the boys of the Twenty- third Pennsylvania who did not re-enlist decided to give the veter- ans a reception upon their rejoining the regiment from fur- lough. As there were lots of wild geese on the lake. Sergeant Bill Green and Johnnie Kelly started out with a pocket full of slugs to the feeding grounds while Trotter Boyle and Davy Colville and others made preparations to have a good roast. When the hunters returned without the fowl, it was explained that when Green started up the birds, they came with such a sudden whirl directly over them that it kept Green busy to keep his feet on the slippery ice, while Kelly with the gun loaded, slipped and fell and lying on his back, blazed away. How he ever missed them was a puzzler. Someof the boys IJLL.I Mil LINlimiM.MIIIHWLfMiyillU^PHU — I 11 II i 158 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT charged Green with loading the gun with beans in place of slugs; perhaps the geese flew too high before Kelly could get a shot at them; however there were other things to provide and one of the best evenings in edibles and enjoyment was had at the reception of the boys who had re-enlisted for three more years. George Blank, Company B and William Thomas, Com- pany C both drummer boys of the Twenty-third were captured near Stone House Mountain in September, 1863, by Mosby, while outside the lines foraging ; they were sent to various rebel prisons and finally reached Danville. At this place a hole was cut in the stockade and Thomas, with Har- lan S. Howard, Third Wisconsin Battery, and Samuel Street, Fifteenth U. S. Infantry, started for the North. They were about a month getting into our lines, coming in at Fayette- ville, West Virginia ; they had changed clothes with the contrabands, so they looked like Johnnies. Our troops took good care of them. Thomas reached Philadelphia in time to go back with the veterans who had re-enlisted, joining his company at Johnson's Island. Among the snaps while at Johnson's Island, were bunks to sleep in, Jimmy and Pete Henry slept in the upper berth and as was the custom, had built a shelf to hold a piece of candle, bottle of ink, paper, etc. One night after lights oat, a scuffle was heard with screams of " murder ; get a light, he cut my throat." The boys scrambled out of their bunks to where the trouble was and when a light was struck, found Pete standing with hands around his neck saying that Jimmy had cut his throat, but upon close examination it was found he was covered with ink, the sequel being that Jimmy, who was given to walking in his sleep, had dreamed he was captured and in his struggle to get away, he had grabbed Pete and securing a bottle of ink began to cut his throat. Pete awaking and with the fluid splashing around his neck and face and the gurgling as it flowed out of the bottle, thought his time had come and in his struggle to save his life fell off the bunk, thinking his throat was cut. PENNSYLX'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. ]5!> NortK Anna and Cold Harbor Campaign. CAPTAIN MARCHANT, Twenty-third Pennsylvania, in 1861, gave the men of his company special instructions as to the use of the turnaque in case of a wound to stop the flow of blood until given aid by the surgeon. He was killed at Cold Harbor, and when found, he had first been wounded in the thigh and had applied the turnaque with his twisted pocket handkerchief, but was afterwards riddled with balls. He was a most gallant soldier and a true gentleman, highly respected by all. While lying in the trenches, at Cold Harbor, a shell ex- ploded and killed two men of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania. A piece of the same shell struck John Patton of Company A in the sole of his foot, stinging him severely, not even breaking the leather ; he limped around for a while and on a long march would go lame. After the war he complained of severe pain in the sole of the foot, and in 1898, to save his life, his leg was amputated. William B. Chadwick, of G Company, Twenty-third Penn- sylvania, was badly wounded at Cold Harbor and lay until the night of the 3d, the fire being so incessant, as to make it a dan- gerous undertaking to attempt to bring him in. Finally, Gerald McHenry, of D Company, one of the pickets volun- teered, and crawling out placed him on his back, and carried him into the line, thus saving Chadwick's life. McHenry had won a medal of honor, but the poor fellow was shot the next day and died of his wounds July 5, 1864. John Moore, Company E, Twenty-third Pennsylvania, had the crown of his cap shot away in the action at Fair Oaks, doing him no injury. While at Downsville, Maryland, he was detailed to the Eighth New York Battery, rejoining his com- pany and regiment in May, 1864, and was killed at Cold Harbor. 160 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT FRANK MAGUIGAN, Sergeant-Major. In the Field Hospital at Cold Harbor, Dan Williams, one of the drummers of K Company, Twenty third Pennsylvania, who was assisting Doctor Roller in the care of the wounded, saved the leg of James Donnelly of his company. When he was brought in, after examina- tion by one of the surgeons, a green ribbon was tied to the buttonhole of his blouse ; this meant amputation of the leg. Watching his chance Dan took the ribbon off and Donnelly was passed by. Williams took special care of him to prevent blood poisoning. In a few days he was sent North, and recov- ering rejoined his regiment and was mustered out at the end of the war. As Dan says, Donnelly had been good and kind to him when he joined the company — he was one of the Twenty-third — and if he could save his leg he was going to take the chances. Frank Worth, color sergeant of the Twenty-third, was wounded in the head and both legs in the charge at Cold Harbor. Notwithstanding his severe wounds he was solicitous for the safety of the colors, and finally they were taken by one of the boys. He lay between the lines close to the Confederate breastworks until night, when a squad of Johnnies came out and carried him into their line, going through him for every- thing he had. One of them tried to kill him with his bayonet, but a lieutenant interfered and saved his life. He was entirely helpless, or else the Johnnie who tried to kill him would have had quite a contract on his hands. Aleck Powell, the First Sergeant of F Company, Twenty- third Pennsylvania, when the roll was called after the charge at Cold Harbor, was among the missing. During the truce to bury the dead, John Carrigan of the company, one of the detail, came in with a first sergeant's sash and pocket knife and it was supposed to be Powell's. He was marked killed, and his PENNSYL\'ANIA VOLl'XTEER INFANTRY. 161 father and mother were notified at Philadelphia. They held a mock funeral at the litde church in Germantown, his father afterwards coUecdng his pay accounts to date of death. The following July the Sixth Corps was ordered into the Shenan- doah Valley. Carrigan who supposed he had buried Powell was on wagon guard, which was corralled by Mosby and was held as a prisoner of war until all were released at Ander- sonville. Passing around among the prisoners, he came across Powell, to whom he explained how he had buried him and his people had mourned him for dead. Powell told how he had crossed the works and was shot, falling into the rebel trenches, where he was captured. On reaching home, his identity was established and he was discharged on April 27, 1865, to date from September 8, 1864, the expiration of his term of service. When the army crossed the James, the regiment was put aboard the transport Cauliflower. On the upper deck was a skylight. Looking down through it, they found a contraband cooking some ham for the offi- cers' mess. Being short of rations they conceived apian to get the ham ; they tried to get the cook to open the door but he was instructed to keep it closed. They then unscrewed the skylight and had one of the drummer boys, with two caps, ready to be lowered down by the feet, to grab the ham. One of the boys began pounding on the door exciting the cook, who turned round with the words, " Go away, dah, stop you nosin." Quickly the sky- light was opened, and the drummer lowered down by the heels grabbed the pan, and was soon up on deck. When the cook turned around he found the pan missing, and rushing out of the room, met one of the offi- cers who asked what was the matter. " 'Fore God, boss, I was frying dat ham, the^boys was pesterin' me, and when I turned round to tend to de ham, the ham and pan clean done gone." H. M. DAVENPORT, Co. A. 162 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Petersburg — Fort Stevens and SHenandoaK Valley Campaign 1864 AFTER the affair at Fort Stevens the Sixth Corps followed Early up the Shenandoah Valley and as he was on his way back to Richmond, the corps came back to Washington. While awaiting transports to Petersburg the corps was paid off, everybody going into the city. One of the adventures of the visitation to Washington after being paid off, was that of a lieutenant and eight men of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania making up a pass for a sergeant and men. Buying a long nankeen duster, to cover up the officer's uniform, they struck for the town, being hailed several times by the provost guard, who examined the pass and found it correct. About 4 P. M. one of the officers of the provost advised them, that if they wanted to stay in the city after sun-down, they had better have the pass countersigned by the Provost Marshal. Selecting Joe Atkinson to face the music, they started for the Marshal's office, where they all sat down on the curb-stone opposite, while Atkinson got in line with the natty sergeants from the fortifications, who were having the passes countersigned for their commands. He soon came out shaking the pass stating that when it came his turn the Marshal questioned him very closely and suggested it was strange that he should be sent to have a pass countersigned. Joe, in his bland way, explained to the satisfaction of the Pro- vost, that the corps had orders to move at daylight the next day, and the seal was affixed. This made it good for all hours of the night, so the boys took in the Louisiana Varieties and other places of amusement. Time and time again, was the pass examined and found " O. K." About daylight they struck for camp, in time to go along with the corps. Joe Smith, of Company A, Twenty-third Pennsylvania, was shaving Sergeant-Major Frank Maguigan, one day in the Shenandoah Valley, when the Rebs suddenly charged and drove the pickets in. The boys, in rallying, stole Smithey's razor and for ten days Maguigan had to go around with one side of his face shaved, as nobody could find a razor, and there wasn't a barber shop within 50 miles. 163 164 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT After the fight at Fort Stevens, Jubal Early retreated up the Shenandoah Valley, followed by the Sixth Corps until they were recalled to go back to Petersburg. Early finding the Sixth Corps was on its way to rejoin the Army of the Potomac, turned and drove Crook out of the valley. Gen- eral Grant then decided to clean the valley out, and pre- vent further attempts of in- vasion of the North, so he sent Sheridan with his cavalry to WM. GREEN, Sergeant Co. F, take charge of all the troops, consisting of the Cavalry Corps, Sixth Corps under General Wright ; the Eight Corps, under General Crook, and the Nineteenth Corps under General Emroy, he con- centrating them at Charles - town, Va., General Jubal Early commanding the Confederate forces concentrating his troops at Winchester, Va. Both armies were about evenly matched, each having about 36,000 infantry, cavalry and artillery. There was march- ing and countermarching, advance and counter advance, then a demonstration and fall back from Winchester to Harper's Ferry. These movements were received with great discontent at the North. The campaign for the Presidential election being near at hand, gold rising higher and higher. President Lincoln became uneasy and wrote Grant one of his wisest letters. These mutterings caused Grant to visit Sheridan at Charles- town, with the intention of giving him a plan of battle, but he found Sheridan so ready to move that he gave no plan or order whatever, except the authority to " Go in." Sheridan, had been feeling the enemy to demonstrate what forces he was about to contend with, as conflicting reports were coming in from his scouts, such as divisions be- ing sent back to Lee ; that Longstreet's Corps was on its way to Early, asked General Crook, Commander of the Eighth Corps, who had campaigned in the Shenandoah Valley and knew most all its people, if there was not some one in PENNSYL\'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 165 Winchester from whom they could get rehable information. Crook suggested Miss Rebecca I. Wright a young Quaker lady residing in Winchester. She was a staunch Union woman and will ever be known as the Loyal Girl of Winches- ter. She was then teaching a very small school at their home, where she resided with her mother and sister, who was a most intense sympathizer of the Confederacy, her old father, having died while a prisoner of war in Confederate hands. The chief of scouts who was sent by General Sheridan to find some one to deliver a let- ter to Becky Wright, brought a colored man to Sheridan's headquarters, who after ques- tioning him as to how he was to get into the town, gave him the following letter : September 15, 1864. I learn from Major-General Crook that you are a loyal lady and still love the flag. Can you inform me of the position of Early's forces, the number of divisions in his army, and the strength of all or any of them, and his probable or reported intentions. Have any more troops arrived from Richmond or are any more coming, or reported to be coming ? I am very repectfully, Your obedient servant, P. H. Sheridan, Major-General Commanding. You can trust the bearer. LONAL GJRL OF WINCHESTER, Rebecca Wright, now Bonsall. She states that about noon of September i6th, as her four scholars were dismissed, her mother answering a knock at the door found a colored man, who asked for Miss Wright. As there were two Misses Wright, she wanted to know which one and he replied, "Miss Becky." As he passed into the front room, where she was and which was used as her schoolroom, 166 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT he locked the door and holding up his hand, said " don't be alarmed Miss Becky, I have a dispatch from General Sheridan," and pulling it out of his mouth, wrapped in tin foil handed it to her with the remark that he knew she would answer it and he would call for the answer at 3 o'clock and be sure to wrap it in the tin foil again so he could carry it in his mouth. When he was gone, she was so surprised and alarmed, she did not know how to act, thinking perhaps it was some trick of the Con- federates to get her into trouble, as she had been held under a cloud for three years being in sympathy with the Union cause. After reading the letter she went to consult her mother, what best to do, who wanting to know if she had the informa- tion, and being told yes, re- marked, " Well, no doubt, you can trust the colored man." It so happened that there was a Confederate officer, wounded and convalescent, boarding with one of her neigh- bors, and two evenings before had made a call at the house. They, of course, entertained him, and during the evening here the conversation turned upon the war, and more espec- ially the state of affairs directly around them. He described the situation from his standpoint, how many troops they had and what they most relied upon, she asking questions without any purpose except to keep up the conversation and he answer- ing freely, so that when the colored man returned, she gave him the information, number of troops, their situations and the fact that some had been called off for services elsewhere, in fact, just what Sheridan wanted to know and expressed regrets that she could not give more information, but would try to gather more for him, if he would send the messenger back in a day or two. The colored man placed the note wrapped in tin foil in his mouth and left the house, all day Saturday and Sunday, GEORGE CRAWFORD, Co. D. PENNSYLVANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 167 she wondered what had become of the messenger and what would be the resuh of her note. When on Monday, the 19th, she was awakened at day- hght by the booming of cannon, her first thought was whether her note had anything to do with it. It was a terrible battle all day long, they taking refuge in the cellar. As the rumbling of the battle grew fainter and fainter, she went to the first floor, could see nothing but the wounded and stragglers pass- ing along the streets, nothing from the second floor, but from the garret window, she saw the old American Flag coming into the town. She dropped on her knees and offered a most fervent prayer, and running down stairs, calling out the Yankees are coming. Soon was heard clattering of sabres on the doorstep and as she opened the door in the twilight, she saw two officers, one of whom she recognized as General Crook, who intro- duced her to the other. Gen- eral Sheridan. He warmly shook her by the hand, ask- ing her if she was Becky Wright, telling her it was upon her information that he fought the battle, thanking her earnestly, saying he would never forget her cour- age and patriotism. She begged of him never to speak of it as her life would be in danger when the Union troops went away. Sheridan replied, that the Confederates would never come back, and passing into the school room, wrote on her desk the following despatch to Secretary Stanton : " We have just sent the rebels whirling through Win- chester, and are after them to-morrow.'' The country was electrified, gold took a tumble. As Grant said : Sheridan was entitled to all the credit for his great victory. It es- tablished him in the confidence of the President and Secretary of War, as a commander to be trusted in the management of troops under him. Before that, while they highly appreciated JOSEPH AND WM. McKINXE\', Co. E. 168 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT him as a commander to execute, they felt a Httle nervous about giving him too much discretion. His army fought the battles of Opequan or Winchester, Fisher Hill and Cedar Creek, de- stroying Early's army, and ever after closing the Shenandoah Valley as a highway to the invasion of the North. Miss Wright continued to live quietly in Winchester, until 1867. No one suspected her; they knew nothing of the matter, until she received the following letter from General Sheridan. ' ' Headquarters Department of Gulf, "New Orleans, January 7, 1867. " My dear Miss Wright : ' 'You are probably not aware of the service you rendered the Union cause by the information you sent me by the colored man a few days before the Opequan on September 19, 1864. It was on this information the battle was fought and probably won. The col- ored man gave the note rolled up in tin foil to the scout, who awaited him at Millwood. ' 'The colored man had carried it in his mouth to that point, and delivered it to the scout, who brought it to me. By this note I be- came aware of the true condition of affairs, inside of the enemy's lines, and gave directions for the attack. "I will always remember this courageous and patriotic action of yours with gratitude, and beg you to accept the watch and chain which I send you by General J. Forsythe as a memento of September 19, 1864." WILLIAM L. UEER, Co. H. This letter getting into the Valley papers, most of the community were wild with indignation, but the war was over, and they could do her no injury, but they showed their dis- like in many ways. Finally in 1869 General Grant had her appointed to a position in the Treasury Department at Washington. PENNSYLX'ANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 169 Up to the year 1891, the colored man that carried the despatch, had not been found, although every effort had been made to find him. That year the survivors of the Sixth Corps, dedicated a monumentat Winchester to General David A. Rus- sell, who was killed in that action and while there, started a search to find the missing colored man. He was found and proved to be Tom Laws of Berry ville, who in 1864 belonged to a Mr. Clarke who resided in Winchester and who was privileged to go into the town twice a week with produce from his master's farm. He was brought on to Washington and was finally identified by Mrs. Bonsall (Miss Wright) who took him to the War Department and took affidavit of identity which is now on file. At this time the faithful messenger was 78 years of age, never had lived in a city, and while a position was offered him for the balance of his life, he refused, as he was then living with his grandchildren and doing well and contented. When the Twenty-third was on its way home for muster- out, many of the boys were riding on top of the freight cars. As they neared Philadelphia below Gray's Ferry Bridge, James McGinnis of Company G was accidentally killed by being struck on the head as the train passed under a bridge. What a sad home-coming it was to his people who awaited him at the depot ! The citizens of Philadelphia who had been supplying the troops en route to Washington in order to provide for their better entertainment organized May 26, 1861. The Cooper Shop Volunteer Refreshment Committee, opened a saloon in the cooper shop of the Cooper Brothers, Prime street (now Washington Avenue) below Front street, and a similar organi- zation, the Union Volunteer Refreshment Saloon, was opened on May 27, 1861 in a boat shop and riggers' office S. W. Cor. RICHARD A. GRIFFITH, Lieutenant Co. D. 170 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Prime (now Washington Avenue) and Swanson streets. These places of entertainment could provide 2,500 at one setting and had facilities to ration 30,000 daily. This generous hospitality was maintained during the four years of the war. At all hours , of the day and night the fire bells of the neighborhood would bring the people to these saloons to care for the soldiers passing through the city. Formal expressions of thanks were extended by the President of the United States, Governors of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Ver- mont, Connecticut, Massachus- etts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania for their liberal hospitality. This volunteer work, the free gift of its citizens, gave to Philadelphia a national reputation for patriotism and hospi- tality. ANDREW J. ALBAN\', JAMES KELLV Corporals, Co. D. The following members of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania were honored by promotion in other commands: Colonel David B. Birney was promoted to Brigadier General and died October, 1S64, while Major General commanding the Tenth Army Corps; Colonel Thomas H. Neill promoted to Brigadier General commanding a brigade in Sixth Army Corps; Colonel John Ely promoted to Brigadier General United States Vol- unteers, commanding brigade in Veteran Reserve Corps; Major George C. Spear was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel Sixty-first Pennsylvania and was killed while Colonel commanding same regiment at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863; Lieutenant John W. Crosby Company A was promoted to Captain in Sixty-first Pennsylvania, wounded at Fort Stevens and killed while Lieu- tenant Colonel commanding the Sixty-first Pennsylvania at the assault of lines at Petersburg, April 2, 1865; Arthur F. Keene, Lieutenant Company B was promoted to First Lieutenant Company I Eighty-second Pennsylvania; Captain Geo. W. Mindil was promoted to Colonel of the Thirty -third New PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 171 Jersey and Brevet Major General United States Volunteers; Captain Wm. Clark Company E was promoted Major of the Eighty-second Pennsylvania; Sergeant Stephen Palmore Company H promoted to Captain Company I Eighty- second Pennsylvania; Sergeant Casper Miller, Company F promoted to First Lieutenant Company E Eighty-second Pennsylvania, Lieutenant Henry G. Fritsch was promoted to Captain Company F Eighty-second Pennsylvania; Captain James Gwyn Company F, commissioned Lieutenant Colo- nel One Hundred and Eighteenth Pennsylvania promoted to Colonel, wounded at Wilderness and discharged at close of war Brevet Brigadier General and Brevet Major General United States Volunteers; First Sergeant William R. Peddle Company B was commissioned Lieutenant One Hundred and Fifty- seventh Pennsylvania promoted to Captain, wounded at Peb- ble's Farm 1864; Sergeant Charles M. Young Company F com- missioned Second Lieutenant One Hundred and Eighteenth Pennsylvania, promoted to Captain, killed at Chapin Farm 1864; Private Albert Walters, Company B commissioned Second Lieutenant Company K One Hundred and Eigh- teenth Pennsylvania, discharged as Brevet Major; Sergeant John Reen Company G pro- moted Captain Company K Eightj^-second Pennsylvania; Second Lieutenant Frank Taylor Company G promoted to Captain Company H Eighty- second Pennsylvania, wounded Sailor's Creek; Lieu- tenant James H. House, Com- pany G promoted to First Lieutenant Company H Eighty-second Pennsylvania; Sergeant George P. Mitchell, Company D promoted Sec- [i ond Lieutenant Company H Eighty-second Pennsylvania; Sergeant Wm. H. Myers, Company I promoted First Lieu- tenant Company K Eighty-second Pennsylvania, killed at Sailor's Creek, April 6, 1865; First Sergeant Russell P. How- ard, Company I promoted Second Lieutenant Company K DAVID COLXILLE, Sergeant Co. F. 172 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Eighty-second Pennsylvania ; Corporal John McKernon Com- pany A promoted Second Lieutenant Company F Eighty-sec- ond Pennsylvania, died April i8, 1865, of wounds received at Petersburg, April 2, 1865. One of the most patriotic bodies who rallied to the sup- port of the government during the Civil War was the Philadel- phia Fire Department, nearly all its members, or adherents of its companies enlisted in the army or navy, they being repre- sented in every regiment that was recruited in the city, as well as by marines and sailors on board vessels that were fitted out at the old navy yard, at the foot of Federal street. The Hibernia Engine Company that stood on Evelina street, (now Locust street) below Third, seeing the neces- sity for service at the Capitol, in the protection of the arch- ives of the government, vol- untarily extended their ser- vice, which was accepted and with men and apparatus, was stationed in Washington dur- ing the entire war ; those who remained at home, inaugu- rated a volunteer ambulance service and were very active in conveying the sick and wounded soldiers from the depots to the hospitals. These ambulances were large and comfortable, being works of art as to construction and finish. Each fire company, with that proverbial pride, vied with each other to have the finest. They were built, manned, equipped and operated without charge, being backed up by the volunteer contributions of the friends and ladies in their respective neigh- borhoods. The following companies housed these ambu- lances : ENGINE COMPANIES. Delaware, Southwark, Washington, Weccacoe, Diligent, Philadelphia (2), Assistance, America, Fairmount, Northern Liberty, United States, Vigilant, Good Intent, Globe, Mechanic, JAMES McGlNNIS, Co. E. Regimental Marker. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 178 Decatur, Fellowship (2), Monroe, Good Will (2), West Phila- delphia. HOSE COMPANIES. Franklin, Hope, Southwark, Western, Philadelphia, Good Will, Neptune, Cohocksink, Kensington, Independence, North- ern Liberty, West Philadelphia. In 1864, during the great Sanitary Fair, held at Logan Square, 1 8th and Race streets, for the benefit of the Sanitary Commission, a patriotic body, that looked after the welfare of the sick and wounded soldiers, in which over a million of dol- lars was realized, the firemen took quite an interest. Among the many ventures was a contest for a fire horn, many of the AMBULANCE. Good \\'iU Engine Co. boys in the service sending home their mite, for votes of their favorite company, the winner being the Good Will Engine Company, Race street, below Broad street. Upon the return of the regiments at the close of the war, nearly all were received and welcomed home by a parade of the fire companies and it was generally quite a long route, as they wanted to take their guests through each neighborhood, so they could spring their bells and have their ladies — God 174 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRU REGIMENT ROBERT BOYD, Co. I. bless them — who worked so hard while the boys were away, join in the welcome as " Johnnie Came Marching Home." We are pleased to note that nearly all the ninety-seven volunteer fire companies of Philadelphia had representatives in the field and staff and rank and file of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania. The Twenty-third Pennsyl- vania had the honor to serve in the following commands dur- ing its three months' service : General George H. Thomas' Brigade, General George Cadwallader's Divi- sion, 'General Robert Patter- son's Army, General Winfield Scott, Commander-in-Chief. It was present at Falling Waters, participating in the campaigns of that army, and during its three years' service in the Army of the Potomac was in General L. Pike Graham's Brigade, Gen- eral Don Carlos Buell's Division and upon the formation of the Army Corps, it was assigned to General Abercrombie's Brig- ade, General Darius N. Couch Division, General Erastmus D. Keyes, Fourth Corps, Army of the Potomac, General George B. McClellan, commanding. When this Corps was divided, its division, Couch's, continued with the Army of the Potomac. When the Sixth Corps was organized it became part of the First Brigade, General John Cochrane, Third Div- ision, General John Newton, Sixth Corps, General Wm. F.. Smith, thence First Brigade, General Alexander Shaler, Third Division, General Henry D. Terry, Sixth Corps, General John Sedgwick, thence Fourth Brigade, Colonel Nelson Cross, First Division, General David A. Russell, Sixth Corps, General Horatio G. Wright. The Fourth Corps, while the Twenty-third served in it, was composed of Couch's, Smith's and Casey's Divisions. On May i8, 1862, General Smith's Division was detached and assigned to the Sixth Corps, then being organized. The regiment participated while in this Corps on the Peninsula PENNSYLVANIA X'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 175 campaign, in the actions of Warwick Court House or York- town, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross Roads, Turkey Bend and Malvern Hill and was present at second Malvern Hill. When the army abandoned the Peninsula, the Fourth Corps was divided, Couch's Division continuing with the Army of the Potomac as an independent division and was present at Chantillv. While the division was present at the action of South Mountain and Antietam the regiment was on detached duty guarding the fords at the mouth of the Monocacy, where Lee had crossed the Potomac. After the Antietam campaign. Couch's Division entire was assigned to the Sixth Corps, becoming the Third Division, General John Newton, commanding, General Couch being promoted to the command of the Second Corps, General Franklin being promoted to command of the Left Grand Division, composed of the Sixth Corps and First Corps, and General \A^n. M. Smith (Baldy) promoted to the command of the Sixth Corps. The regiment participated with the Corps ■at Fredericksburg, Marye's Heights, Salem Church, Gettys- burg, Funkstown, Rappahan- nock Station and Mine Run. After the Gettysburg cam- paign the division was com- manded by General Henry D. Terry. In March, 1864, the old Third Divison was broken up, the brigade now commanded by General Shaler was trans- ferred to the First Division, General Horatio G. Wright ; the other two brigades were assigned to the Second Divi- sion, while the Third Division of the Third Corps, which was broken up, took its place as the Third Division, General Ricketts, of the Sixth Corps. The regiment was on detached duty from January to May, 1864, when it rejoined the army, participating with the Fourth Brigade ; Colonel Nelson Cross, First Division ; General David B. Russell, Sixth Corps ; CHARLES F. HUBER, Corporal Co. A. 176 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT General Horatio G. Wright, in the actions at North Anna, Han- overtown, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, until July 9, 1864, Fort Stevens, D. C, and Shenandoah Valley campaign until Aug- ust, 1864, when ordered home for muster out. The original Fourth Corps, during the short period of its existence, made a most gallant record, its two divisions, Casey's and Couch's, bore the brunt of the fighting at Fair Oaks, while its Couch's Divi- sion was the left centre of that hard fought battle at Malvern Hill, where it withstood the re- peated assaults of some of the best divisions in the Army of Northern Virginia. The record of the Sixth Corps was a most brilliant one. It took Crampton's Pass in the South Mountain fight, swept the heights at Marye's, took everything in sight at Rappa- hannock Station, was in the deadly fighting in the Wilderness, crossed the works to the enemy's second line at Spottsylvania, saved the national capital at Fort Stevens, assisted in clearing the Shenandoah Valley out in the actions at Opequan or Winchester, Fisher Hill and Cedar Creek, crossed the works at Petersburg, April 2, 1865, sweeping right and left within the lines, with Sheridan's Cavalry crushed Lee's rear at Sailor's Creek, April 7, 1865, capturing 7000 of the enemy. After the surrender of Lee, it was detached from the army and sent to help do up Johnson. When they reached Danville, found that Sherman had completed that work, and were ordered to Wash- ington for the grand review, arriving too late to take part in that grand event, so they had a special review of their own. General Walker, the historian of the Second Corps, calls the wearers of the Greek Cross, the old Guard of the Army, while Colonel Wm. F. Fox, who served in the Twelfth Corps, historian of regimental losses. Civil War, has this to say: " The history of the Sixth Corps, more than any other is replete with fascinating interest. Its record is invested with more of the romance and DAVID H. UBER, Co. H. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 177 brilliancy of war, while its veteran legions wrought deeds which linked the badge of the Corps, the Greek Cross, with an unfading glory and renown." All survivors of the old Sixth Corps, no doubt, would if they had the opportunity, take off their hats for their kind tributes. The Army of the Potomac, of which the regiment was part, was commanded by General George B. McClellan from its organization until November, 1862, then by General Am- brose E. Burnside to 1863 ; then by General Joseph Hooker until June, 1863; then by General George G. Meade until its muster out in 1865. The Commander-in-Chief of the United States armies during that period was General Winfield Scott in 1 86 1, General Hallack to May, 1864, and General U. S. Grant to the close of the war. The original brigade in which the Twenty-third Penn- sylvania served was composed of the Sixty-first Pennsylvania, Eighty-second (or Thirty-first Pennsylvania), Sixty-fifth (The Chasseurs), Sixty-seventh (First Long Island) — September, 1862, — the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York was added while the brigade was bivouacked at Ofutt's Cross Roads on the Maryland Cam- paign. Upon the reorganiza- tion of the army under General Hooker in 1863, the Sixty-first Pennsylvania was detached as part of the Light Brigade, and ever afterwards remained in the Third Brigade of the Sec- ond Division, Sixth Corps. Upon the reorganization of the army in 1864 the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York was transferred to the Third Brigade of the Second Division, Sixth Corps, where they remained until muster out. Upon the reorganization of the army in 1865, the Sixty-fifth New York was transferred to the Second Brigade, First Division, Sixth Corps, so on the final campaign the old brigade regiments were separated, the CHARLES HOGG, Co. D. 178 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Eighty-second Pennsylvania being assigned to the Third Brigade, Sixth Corps. In the early days of the brigade there was more or less trouble until the field service began, when they became the best of friends. When the original term of service ex- pired, the veterans and re- cruits of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania were trans- ferred to the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, while those of the Sixty-seventh New York were transferred to the Sixty- fifth New York. It is said that the Sixty-fifth New York (The Chasseurs) had the honor of being the last regi- ment of volunteers to be mus- tered out. While the other regiments of the brigade served in two divisions of the Corps, the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York had the honor to wear the three colors of the Greek Cross, having served in all three divisions of the Sixth Corps, the Sixty-first being entitled to wear the colors of the Third Division, Light Division, and Second Division, blue, green, and white. The brigade as an organization came together but once since the close of the war, the occasion being the dedication of their monuments at Culp's Hill, Gettysburg, in 1888. The re- union was a most pleasant one. PATRICK HICKEY, VVM. J. WRAV, Co. F. Blanket mates, wounded by same ball. ^g.-^.^_..K FIELD AND STAFF AT MUSTER OUT. LIEUT.-COL.W. J. WALLACE QMR. J. D. CHANDLER. MAJ. HENRY REESE, Jr. COL. JOHN F. GLENN. ADJ. THOS. K. BOGGS. SURGEON WjM. C. ROLLER. CHAP. REV. J. G. SHINN. 179 180 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ROLL or THOSE \VHO DIED IN SERVICE FIELD AND STAFF Maj. General . David B. Birney. Died Dec. 13, 1864, while in command of loth Army Corps. Major . George C. Spear. Killed at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863, while Colonel 6ist Pa. Infantry. Surgeon . . . Owen Stille. Died June 22, 1862. Serg't Major Ira Webster. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Band . ... Benjamin Walton. Died August 10, 1S62. COMPANY A Lieutenant . John W. Crosby. Killed at Petersburg April 2, 1865, while Colonel 6ist Pa. Infantry. Sergeant . Theo. Bisbing. Died December, 1861. Corporal. . . Sol. Forebaugh. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " . John McKernon. Killed at Petersburg April 2, 1865, while 2d Lieutenant Co. F, Szd Pa. Infantry. " Caleb Brickman. Died at Washington, D. C. , Nov. 30, 1861. Private. Edward C. Andrews. Died at Johnson's Island February, 1864. " . Peter Born. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864, " WiUiam Boyd. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " John Degroot. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 24, 1861. " . Harry P. Endress. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " James Kilpatrick. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " Frederick Knocke. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 19, 1861. " , J. C. McLawlin. Died August 20, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " .... Edward McDonough. Died of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " . John Newcamp. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1S64. . Wm. F. Wills. Killed at Cold Harbor June I, 1864. COMPANY B Lieutenant . Joshua S. Garsed. Killed at Gettysburg July 3, 1863. Corporal . Max Lakemeyer. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. " ... Thomas Habbermaker. Killed at Winchester Sept. 19, 1864. Private. . David Boyd. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " . . Michael Divine. Died September 9, 1862. . Robert P. Gaw. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " Thomas J. Graham. Died while prisoner of war at Harrison- burg, Va., September, 1862. ' ' . Byron E. Keyser. Accidentally killed at Washington, D. C. , February, 1862. Wm. J. Kilpatrick. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA X'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 181 Private.. . Andrew Lang. Died \'ork Hospital, Pa., November, 1864. Philip Moltzie. Killed Mine Run November 31, 1863. . . . Thomas H. McCann. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. John McConnell. Died at Washington, D. C, October, 1861. Henry Ruoff. Died at Falmouth, Va., February 15, 1863. . . George W. Smith. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec, 1861. John F. Weber. Killed Fair Oaks June i, 1862. . . Henry Weber. Died Washington, D. C, December, 1861. COMPANY C Sergeant. John C. Ames. Died June 18, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor; buried at Alexandria, Va. ; grave 2172. " • . John Don Carlisle. Died at Portsmouth June 26, 1862. Corporal . John E. Litde. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " John Matherson. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Albert G. Russell. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Private. . . Edward Baxter. Killed at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. " . . Levi Campbell. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 3864. " Thomas Earner. Died at Washington, D. C, Jan., 1862. " James Garrigan. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. " . . Thomas Gallagher. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " ... James Henry. Died while prisoner of war at Salisbury, N. C, 1864. ' ' . Charles F. Hayes. Died at Camp Graham January, 1862. " . Jacob Keith. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . James Mullen. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " Wm. Maguire. Died at Libby Prison of wounds received at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " Thomas McCoughel. Died June 9, 1862 ; buried Cypress Cemetery, Long Island, N. Y. " ... John McCusker. Died Alexandria, \'a., December 15, 1862. R. McDonald. Died at Andersonville, Ga., April 28, 1864; grave 773. " James Pringle. Killed Marye's Heights May 3, 1862. " . Jacob Urban. Died Washington, D. C, November 14, 1861 • buried Military Asylum Cemetery. COMPANY D Lieutenant . . Benj. S. Thomas. Died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 9, 1862. " . John G. Boyd. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Corporal . Wm. G. Grow. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " . Wm, Montgomery. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Private . • Wm. J. Allender. Died Johnson Island, January 18, 1864. Robert Allison. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " Chas. F. Burnett. Died January 3, 1863 ; buried at Military Asylum Cemetery, D. C. " Edward Donahue. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " . Charles Gallagher. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . Andrew Keim. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . . Samuel McClane. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. 182 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Private . . Gerald McHenry. Died July 6, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor ; buried National Cemetery, Arlington, Va. Wm. Noble. KilledFair Oaks, May 31, 1862. " Geo. Stephenson. Died at Yorktown, Va., May 18, 1862. " Anthony Winn. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. COMPANY E. Lieutenant . . James Johnson. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Sergeant. . . Robert Gordon. Died Philadelphia, Pa., January 8, 1862. ... John McNeill. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Corporal . . . John Miller. Died Washington, D. C, Dec. 27, 1861. " James McClung. Died Washington, D. C, Dec. 25, 1861. " . . Wm. Miller. Died August 16, 1862, of wounds received at Malvern Hill July i, 1862. ... John Dougherty. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Wm. S. Davis. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Private . Jonah Bendle. Died Washington, D. C, February 23, 1862. . . Thomas Brown. Died Bottom Bridge, Va., May 30, 1862. John A. Burk. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. George Clark. Killed Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. John Carroll. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Robt. Donahue. Died June 8, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Robert Hamilton. Killed front of Petersburg June, 1864. John Humes. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Wm. Johnson. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. . . George Long. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. John Mone. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. John McGinnis. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. . . John McVey. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. . . James Sweeney. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. .... James Scrowl. Died December 3,1861; buried Military Asylum Cemetery, D. C. James Scholas. Died December 3, 1861, Washington, D. C. John Shelladay. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. . , Wm. Shea. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Henry Tate. Died June, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. COMPANY r ist Sergeant Chas. W. Anderson. Died February 7, 1862. " . Frederick Huber. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1S62. Sergeant Charles M. Young. Killed Peebles Farm September 31, 1864, while Captain ii8th Penna. Infantry. Private. . Wm. S. Bristler. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . . . Samuel Fee. Died October 16, 1862 ; buried Mount Olivet Cemetery, Ferderick, Maryland. " Daniel Graham. Died January 25, 1864. " . . James Hamilton. Died (from wound received at Cold Harbor June I, 1864) August 21, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 183 Private.. , . William Kilpatrick. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Michael Kennedy. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. . . Jacob Lewis. Died February 23, 1863. James McFadden. Killed Sailors' Creek April 6, 1865, while in Company E, 82d Pa. Infantry. . . Thomas McCorkle. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. John McKissick. Died Andersonville April 18, 1864; grave 605. . . . Thomas Roney. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Zachariah Shaw. Killed Cold Harbor June 1, 1864. E. Thomas. Captured and died at Andersonville August 30, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June i, 1864; grave 7250. . . Elias Young. Died December i, 1861. COMPANY G Lieutenant Sergeant . Corporal . Private Thomas J. Armstrong. Died January 2, 1864. Benton H. Kames. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. David Applegate. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. John Hays. Died February, 1862. Wm. Muschert. Killed Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Samuel Artman. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Henry W. Bantom. Died Johnson's Island, January 27, 1864. James Black. Died June 26, 1S62. James Cuskaden. Died wounds received Malvern Hill July I, 1862. Wm. H. Clair. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. James Davenport. Died August i, 1862. Henry Ernst. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. George W. Ewell. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. William Graham. Died of wounds received at Cold Harbor. Patrick Havey. Killed Winchester September 19, 1864. Mathew Hazlett. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. James McGinnis. Accidentally killed August 25, 1864. Harry Stevens. Died January 20, 1862. Frederick Summers. Died November 3, 1861. John H. Spencer. Killed Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. John T. Wilson. Killed Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. John Yeager. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1S64. COMPANY H Captain James M. Craig. Died Feb. 2, '99, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Color Serg't . Samuel F. Bolton. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Corporal . . . Anthony Schaffer. Died of wounds received at Cold Harbor. . , John Boyle. Killed Malvern Hill July i, 1862. Private John Cronin. Killed accidentally Qctober 20, 1862. . . Patrick Haley. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " ... John Landis. Died December 18, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June i, 1864 ; buried Hampton, Va. 184 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Private . ■ Wm. Linton. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " ... Cornelius Mundy. Died August 19, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. " Thomas Myers. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . De Witt C. Palmer. Died December 6, 1864, of wounds received at Winchester September 19, 1864. " Howell Reeves. Died Washington, D. C, February 4, 1862; buried Military Asylum Cemetery, D. C. " ... Adam Schenck. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . Wm. H. Smith. Died June 28, 1864, of wounds received Cold Harbor June i, 1864. " . . Wm. Umstead. Died July, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Captain Sergeant Corporal . Private COMPANY I Henry A. Marchant. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Wm. H. Myers. Killed Sailors' Creek April 6, 1865, while Lieutenant K, 82d Pa. Infantry. John B. Bowers. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Henry Zimmerman. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. John E. Brown. Killed Cold Harbor June 1, 1864. Wm. P. Blair. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Edwin C. Brown. Killed Cold Harbor June 1, 1864. Wm. Carpenter. Died February 21, 1865, wounds received at Cold Harbor June i, 1864 ; buried ist Division General Hospital Cemetery, Annapolis, Md. John Childs. Kt-Ued Malvern Hill July i, 1862. John Goodwin. Died in service ; date unknown. George H. Kline Died January i, 1863; buried in Alexandria; grave 653. George E. L. Morrison. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Abner H, Reed. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Beneville S. Ruth. Died Andersonville November 16, 1S64, of wounds received at Cold Harbor ; grave 12048. Geo. H. Seifred. Died of wounds received at Cold Harbor June 1, 1864. John Staub. Drowned August t8, 1861. COMPANY ti Lieuienant . James G. Williamson. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Sergeant. John C. McLaughlin. Died August 6, 1862. Corporal . Alonzo Engleman. Died May, 1863. " . . John F. Hild. Died August i, 1864, of wounds received front of Petersburg. " . John Zaun. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Private . John Allen. Died March 10, 1862 ; buried Military Asylum Cemetery, D. C. " George Bower. Died November 21, 1861. Thos. C. Beardsmore. Died June 6, 1864, from wounds received at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 185 Private. . Charles H. Bryoii. Killed Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Jacob Barger. Died of wounds received at Petersburg April 27, 1865 ; buried at Portsmouth Grove, R. I. James G. Cooney. Died June 2, 1862, of wounds received Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. . . Andrew Caldwell. Killed Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. John Donaghy. Killed Winchester September 19, 1864. Edward Eisenbarth. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Geo. F. Fox. Died January 25, 1862. Wilson Hamilton. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Jacob Harp. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Richard Inson. Died June 15, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. . . . Daniel Mason. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Wm. McCleary. Died October 6, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Gustavus Oscheger. Died February i, 1862. Reading Rodgers. Died October 6, 1862,. of wounds received at Malvern Hill. Jacob F. Simon. Killed Sailors' Creek April 6, 1865. Charles Schmitz. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Sidney B. StuU. Died April, 1862. Thomas Umstead. Killed Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Aaron Van Fleet. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Alexander Williamson. Killed Cold Harbor June i, 1864. 186 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT o o c '^ 3 »-• t) c OJ -*-' V d C OJ & a o T) CO O 0) p 1 T3 rt 0) C :^ bo OJ _> ■-3 '>-, m a a OJ CO z 00 c T3 J OJ CS "J- -o OJ Z c; J3 u D '^ rt 4-) Di OJ ni n> t/1 G n-l D CO L^ WorNDKD -d-lOTfl lDa^^O^0^^fO| CO I •* lOTt I u w a: Died OF Disease 1 I | I " " " I " I I I I I !* Killed or Died i OF Wounds I I I MMMMfONi-Hi-irOCS I X Enrollment -i o»-'CNO^OO^OOO^i-|^^|co M I lO^ ^O ror^iOCO 1-1 rO t^ >-' (^ Enlisted Men Died of Disease j I I m^D ^ 'N r^»ot^i-i ror->.i-io Officers Died of Disease I I I I " I I " I I I I iO-«^-*"cj-fO-^^"^'<^( Enlisted Wounded Men 1 wt^OMOOrOONvOOGC 1 ^ ^ -a- rO IT) -n- Tf -^ tT M ON Officers Wounded -^1 fOI H-ror^MMM M CO Enlisted Men Killed or Died of Wounds Officers Killed or Died of Wounds I I I " I -" I i I \0 VO « 0) • .-o • en WTJ H U 0) • . a) c . • c ID ■5=6 S b ^■015 T1 o CIJ 3*0 = § . , . . . ro ■ • • C V , , , • ■ -0 . ■•G'O • . • . • . • ■ J y 3-a.T3 «-i : ■ [73g<;«uGwfcOK'-' 3 TD P >■ o Id an n-Coi mpan T3 H .up « fcZU m PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 187 List of battles in which was incurred the killed and wounded while serving in the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry under head of original enlistments and recruits : BATTLES OR ACTIONS Warwick Creek . Williamsburg Fair Oaks ... White Oak Swamp . . Charles City Cross Roads Turkey Bend Malvern Hill . . . Fredericksburg Marye's Heights. . . Salem Church .... Gettysburg . Funkstown Mine Run Cold Harbor ... Petersburg .... Picket and Skirmish . . Totals . ORIGINAL ENLISTMENT K 5 r* r G M "Z a M 3 I 37 138 7 3 3 5 50 2 4 59 ■ 3 I 27 . 3 2 58 108 3 5 98 414 RECRUITS r r w I 17 iS 5 6 3 I 2 16 2 I 38 TOTALS r r a w •z d w d 3 I ! 37 140 ... 7 . 3 3 5 50 2 4 64 . 9 I 30 4 I 4 75 124 3 2 6 126 452 Present also at Falling Waters, second battle of Mal- vern Hill, Chantilly, Rappahannock Station, North Anna, Hanovertown, Fort Stevens, D. C, Shenandoah Valley cam- paign to August 23, 1864, when veterans and recruits were transferred to Eighty-second Pennsylvania, the regiment being ordered home for muster out. TOTAL CASUALTIES Killed . . . 126 Wounded . 452 Died of disease, accidentally killed or drowned ... 59 Total . . . . .637 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT The following is the list of killed and wounded of those that were transferred from the Twenty-third Pennsylvania to the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, or received commissions in other commands : KILLED OR DIED OF WOUNDS WOUNDED Marye's Heights . Gettysburg . . . . . . . Wilderness . . I I I 2 Front of Petersburg, July 7, 1864 . Fort Stevens . . . I I Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864 Cedar Creek . . . 4 2 I Pebbles' Farm . . . I Petersburg, April 2, 1865 . . Sailors' Creek .... 3 3 2 6 12 17 PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 189 23D PENNSYLVANIA V0LUNTEE:RS THREE YEARS' SERVICE ^ ,<» V» riELD AND STAFF OFFICERS Namk Rank lUl-K > j f)K MCSTI-. K I I ' INTO SK[<\ ice S Rhmakks David B. Birney Colonel . i Aug. 2, '61 \ 3 Thomas H. Neili John Ely John F. Glenn Charles Wilhelm . i Lt.-Col. . George C. Spear ! Major William J. Wallace I " John E. Collins I Adjutant. John B. Fassett , Thomas K. Boggs. Feb. !Oct. 17, '62 7, '61 Aug. 4, '61 Aug. 2, '61 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Aug. i4> '61 3 1 J. D. Chandler C. F. H. Campbell A. Owen Stille . John McGrath . . G. B. Fundenburg. William C. Roller. Q. M. Surgeon. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Oct. Aug. Nov. Jan. Aug. 12, 2, '61 '61 3 3 2, '61 3 2, '61 3 29. 3, '61 '61 3 3 20, 23, 31. '61 '62 '61 3 3 3 Pr. to Brig.-Gen. Feb. 17, '62 — to Maj.-Gen. May 23, 1863 — died Dec. 13, 1864, while in com. of loth Army Corps. Pr. to Brig.-Gen. Dec. 13, 1862 — wd. Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Fr. from Major to Lt.-Col. July 20, 1862 — Col. Dec. 13, ]862 — resigned Dec. 6, 1863 — Bv. Brig.-Gen. April 15, 1865 — wd. Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Pr. from Capt. , Co. A, to Major, July 20, 1862 — to Lieut.-Col. Dec. 13, '62 — to Col. Jan. 19, 1864 — wd. Fair Oaks May 31, 1 862 —mus . out with regiment September 8, 1864. Resigned July 20, 1862 — reason, physical disability. Killed at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863, while Col. command- ing 6ist P. V. Pr. from Capt., Co. E, Dec. i^, 1862— pr. Lt.-Col. Dec. 7,' 63 — mus. out with reg. Sept. 8, '64 — wd. Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Tr. to Co. H, Sept., 1861. Pr. from Co. F to Adj. Sept. 25, 1861 — tr. to Co. C as 1st Lieut. March i, 1862. Pr. from ist Lieut. Co. C Mar. I, 1862 — mus. out with reg. Sept. 8, 1864 — wd. Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Pr. from 2d Lieut., Oct. 26, '5i — mustered out with regiment September, 8, 1S64. Resigned November 14, 1861. Disch. by order War Dept. Nov. I, 1861 — re-appointed March 25, 1862 — died in ser- vice June 22, 1862. Discharged January II, 1862. Discharged March 20, 1862. Pr. fr. Asst. Surg. June 24, '62 — mus out with reg. Sept. 8, '64. 190 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Robert Tustine George Yeomans . Anson T. Clark . Rev. ]as. G. Shinn Frank Maguigan . Edward B. Wilson V. P. Donnelly Tobias W. Jones , B. Frank Paris . , Wm. Vodges, Jr. Ira Webster . . . W. H. Albertson . Arthur F. Keene , Oliver T. Eckert , Isaac McGrath . James Orton . . William R. Jones F. A. Neville . As. Surg. Chaplain. Sg. Maj. Date OF Muster INTO Service Aug. 4, '62 Aug. 30, '62 Aug. Aug Aug. Aug. Aug. Q. M. Sg. ' Sept. Aug. May Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, 63 31, '61 S, '61 2, '61 Com. Sg. Hos. Std. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Sept. '61 H, '61 2, '61 2, '61 6, '61 1, '61 2, '61 4, '61 '61 8, '61 8, '61 I, '61 Remarks Dis. August 2, 1862, by order War Dept. for absence with- out leave. Disch. on Surgeon's certificate of disability March 18, 1863. Mus. out with reg. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with reg. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with reg. Sept. 8, '64. Pr. from Co. B. to Sgt. Major June I, '62 — to 2d Lt. Co. K August 31, 1862. Tr. to 6ist Pa.— wd. Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 ; Wilder- ness May, 1864, while Cap- tain said regiment. Pr. fr. Q. M. Sgt. Sept. 3,'6i— tr. as Priv. to Co. B, Nov. 3, '61. Pr. from Co. B Nov. 3, '61— tr. to Co. K May 3, 1862— dis- charged. Pr. to Sgt. Major May 3, 1862 ^tr. to Co. F. June i, 1862. Pr. from Sgt. Co. K Aug. 31, '62— killed Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Pr. from Co. A, July 12 1862 — mus. out with reg. Sept. 8/64. Pr. from Co. Fto Q. M. Sgt.— pr. to 2d Lieut. Co. B, July i,S, 1862. Pr. from Co. B, Mar. 11, 1862— mus. out with reg. Sept. 8, '64. Discharged on Surgeon's cert. March 26, 1862. Tr. to Co. O, 6ist P. V. Promoted 2d Lieut. 6ist P. \'. Re-enlisted— tr. to 82d P. \'.— mustered out with regiment July 13, 1865 — veteran. Note. — The following abbreviations are used in the preparation of remarks : Ab. absent. Asst. assistant. Adj. Adjutant. Bu. buried. Bv. brevet. Bd. band. Capt. Captain. Chap. Chaplain. Cor. Corporal. Com. commissioned or commissary. Cert, certificate. Dis. dismissed. Dis'y. disability. Disch. discharged. Exp. expiration. Fr. from. Furl, furlough. Hos. Hospital. Lt. Lieutenant. Mus. mustered. Muc. musician. Mis. missing. Pr. promoted. PI. principal. Priv. private. Reg. regiment. Red. reduced. Res. resigned. Rem. removed. Sen. sentenced. Serv. service. Surg. Surgeon Sgt. Sergeant. Sub. substitute Stew, steward. Tr. transferred Vet. veteran. Wd. wounded. Wds. wounds. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INKAVrk^'. 191 REGIMENTAL BAND E ATE > Xkmi-. Rank Ol'- MuSTi R R EMARKS ' INTO Skr\'ice Theobald, Herman Lead B'd Aug. 31, '61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Asch, Charles Musician. Aug. 31, '61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Braun, Francis | Aug. 31, 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Buch, John ... May 31. 62 3 Cobbin, Thomas '' Aug. 31. 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Dausch, Michael Aug. 31. 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1S62 Farrow, James C. " Aug. 31. 61 -1 Disch. Surg Cert. , May 3 I, -62 Freeman, John . " Aug. 31, 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Furness, VVm. S. ; " Aug. 31. 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or. , Aug. 4, 1862 Grass, William ' Aug. 31, 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Goeber, Frank Aug. 31. 61 3 Hock, John . . Feb. 4, 62 ^ Disch. Surg Cert. , May 3 I, '62 Herman, Theo., Jr. ' Aug. 31, '61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Landenberger, Frs. i " Aug. 31, 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Molyh, Conrad . Musician. Aug. 31, 61 3 Nicholson, James . , " Aug. 31, '61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Parker, Henry H. ' Aug. 31, '61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Peffeffer, Charles. ; Aug. 31, '6i 3 Roth, John . . Aug. 31. 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Rothenberger, C. " Aug. 31, 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Sharp, Joseph . " Aug. 31. 61 3 Tr. as Priv. 1 Co. B, Mar. i] ,'62 Schmidt, George . ^ug. 31. 61 3 Wagoner, John Aug. 31. 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 Wiley, Benjamin . Aug. 31- 6. 3 Walton, Benjamin. Aug. 31. 61 3 Died Aug. 10 , 1862. Wright, WiUiam H. . Aug. 3f. 61 3 Disch. Gen. Or., Aug. 4, 1862 COMPANY A RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA John F. Glenn George Wood "Wm. B. Foster Jacob Heyer Capt Aug. 4, '61 Aug. 21, '61 ! Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 3 Promoted to Maj. July 20, '62 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. 3 I Promoted to Capt. from 1st Lt. Co. D., July 22, 1862 — tr. to Co. E, March i, '63— wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. 3 i Promoted from ist Sgt. to ist Lt. July 12, 1862 — to Capt. I March i, 1863— wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, '63 — disc, on Surg. cert, of dis'y, Nov. 22, 1863. 3 j Promoted from Sgt. to ist Sgt., ! Oct. 2, '61— toad Lt., July 14, '62— to ist Lt, March i, '63— to Capt., Nov. 22, '63 — mus. out with regt. , Sept. 8, '64 — wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. 192 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Rank John \V. Crosby . ist Lt . Fitzhugh Birney Henry G. Fritsch George ^\^ Nagle. | 2d Lt Robert McClelland' Theodore Bisbing . 1 Serg't . James Col well ' " Michael McGraw James Collins . Frank Maguigan . Charles Schtretter. Philip Stengle William Williams Wm. H. Albertson E. A. Bradender William Cuthbert . John Dunn . John W. Davis Sol. Forebaugh . Charles F. Huber Corp Date > OF Muster ] INTO Service I S Remarks Aug. 8, '61 Dec. Aug. I, 8, '61 '61 Aug. Aug. 8, 8, '61 '61 Aug. Aug. 8, 8, '61 •61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. Aug. 8, 8, '61 '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. Aug. 8, 8, '61 '61 Transferred to 6ist P. \'. — wounded at Ft. Stevens, D. C, July II, 1864 — killed at Petersburg, April 2, '65, while Col. commanding 6ist P. V. Trans, to Sig. Corps, Jan., '62. Promoted to 2d Lt., March ], '63— to ist Lt., Nov. 22, '63— to Capt. Co. B, Aug, 8, i864. Resigned Oct. 20, 1861. Promoted from Sgt. to istSgt., March i, 1863— to 2d Lieut., Jan. I, 1864 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Died in service, Dec, 1861. Promoted to ist Lt., Aug. 25, 1864— trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V. — mustered out with Co. , July 13,1865 — Vet. — wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, '63. Promoted from Corp., Nov. 22, 1863 — mustered out with Co,, Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at . Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Promoted from Corp., Nov. 22, 1863 — mustered out with Co. , Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Prom, to Sgt-Maj., June i, 1864. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. \'.— mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865 — Vet. — wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, '63. Pro. from Corp., Nov. 22, '63 — mustered out with Co., Sept. S, 1864 — wounded at Gettys- burg, July 3, 1863. Promoted from Corp., Nov. 22, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Funkstown, July, 1865. Promoted to Q. M. Sgt., of 23d P. v., July 12, 1862.' Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— disc. June i, 1863, for wounds received at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P.\'. — mustered out with Co. as Sgt., July 13, 1865— Vet. Promoted to Corp., Nov. 22, 1863— mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corp., Nov. 22, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 37, '62. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P .V. — must, out July 13, 1865 — Vet. — wounded Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 193 Name James Martin Thomas Meyers John McKernon Hugh Patterson . George W. Moore John H. Metcalf WilHam J. Ouigley. Caleb Brickman Chas. H. Wakefield George Lindsay Lewis Sibley . . Anderson, George Andrews, James N. Andrews, Edw. C. Beck, H. R. Burt, Franklin Bateman, Joseph J. Barry, Albert B. Berg, John O. . Branigan, Patrick. Brighton, Ephraim Branson, Edw. R. Rank Corp Muc. Private Aug. 8, '6i Jan. 17, '63 Feb. 8, '64 Datf. OF Muster INTO Service < > J. a, U H Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. Aug. 8, 8, '61 '61 3 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. Aug. 8, 8, '61 '61 3 3 Aug. Aug. 8, III '61 '63 3 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 30- '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Sept. I, '61 3 Sept. I, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 Remarks Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— mustered out with Co. as ist Sgt., July 13, 1865— Vet.— wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. Trans, to Co. H, Aug. 23, i85i. Tran.sf. to Co. F, Sad P. V. as rst Sgt. — com. 2d Lieut. — killed at Petersburg, April 2, 1865 — Vet— wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Discharged on Surg, certificate, March 5, 1863. Discharged on Surg, certificate, March 27, 1862. Promoted to Corp., Nov. 22, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Promoted to Corp., Nov. 22, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. Died in service, at Washington, D. C, Nov. 30, 1861. Deserted, Oct. 18, 1862. Transferred to Co.F, 82d P.V.— mustered out with Co. , July 13, 1 865- Vet. Deserted January, 1862. Drafted — transferred to Co. F. , 82d P. V. — deserted, date un- known. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P. V., Sept. 1861. Died in service, at Johnson's Island, Feb., 1864— wounded at Funkstown, July, 1863. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864, Absent on detached service with 8th N. Y. Art.— disc. Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864— wounded and captured at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1S64. Transferred to Co. I, 23d P.V., Sept. I, i86r. Transferred to Co., 82d P.V. Drafted— transferred to Co. F, S2d P. v.— mustered out with Co. , July 13, 1865. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. 19, discharged by G. C, Ma^gX, 1865 — wounded Cold Har June I, 1864. 194 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Xamk Rank Barnes, Reuben . , Private Born, Peter . Bartley, William. Boyd, William Bond, Lewis . Bishop, Samuel S. Brown, James Carney, Wm. J. Carpenter, Jno. C. Claflin, Orlando l Condon, Richard . Conlin, Peter ■ • • | Davenport, Robert Davis, Elias. Dougherty, John . Dunton, Mich. A. | Davenport, H. H. . Degroot, John Davis, Daniel . . Davis, Benjamin Dawson, William . Dougherty, W'tn. . \ Endress, Harry F. j Forebaugh, W. W. Foreman, John W. Farley, Edward . Fox, William . . . Fowler, William. Garson, Lewis F. Date OF Muster INTO Service Aug. 8, '6i Aug. 8, '61 Sept. 22, '64 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Sept. 1, '61 Aug. 8, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 12, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 July 28, '63 Aug. 8, '61 ! Aug. 8, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Jan. 21, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '6i Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. II, '63 March 4, '62 Sept. I, '61 Remarks Transferred to \'t. Res. Corps — wounded at Warwick C. H., April, 1862, and Fair Oaks, May 31, 1S62. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — killed at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Trans, to Co. C, 82d P. V.— discharged as Corp., June 17, 1S65. Wounded at Gettysburg, July, 1863— killed at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. Deserted June, 1862 — wounded at Williamsburg, IMay 5, '62. Transferred to Co. K, 23d P. \'. Transferred to Co. E, 23d P.\'. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Alalvern Hill, July I, 1862. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Drafted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865. Deserted August, 1861. Deserted August 16, 1S63. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — disc. Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.\'., Sept., 1861. Drafted —transferred to Co. F. 82d P. v.— disc. July 13, 1S65. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. \'.— mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865— Vet. Died in service, at Washington, D. C, Dec. 24, 1861. Deserted Jan. 19, 1862. Deserted June 3, 1862. Deserted April 20, 1863. Not on muster-out roll. Killed at Fair Oaks, May3i,'62. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1S64. Disc, on Surg, cert., Sept i,'62. Tr. to Co. F, 82d P. Y.— wd. at Salem Heights, May 4, 1863 — mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865— Vet. Drafted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disc. July 13, 1865. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P.\'.— mustered out I\iarch 4, 1865, expiration of term of service. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wd. at Cold Harbor, June, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA X'OLUNTEER IXFAXTkV. 195 Xamk Rank Date I > OF MuSTKR I l_ I IN TO Si-:rvici': ^ Remarks Gibbs, John W . . Private . ! Sept. 13, '62 Gwyiine, David . Green, Philip . Hanlon, James . Havens, Joseph . Hilton, W'm. F. Hastings, Jacob R. Hanler, Daniel Harris, James. Holmes, Reuben . Hennessy, Alf. J. . Hutton, John . Jump, Henry Jones, Francis • . Jones, Tobias W. Johnson, Stephen . Jacoby, John B. Jones, Thomas Kearnes, Patrick . Kefferlier, Louis . Kates, John \V. Kasch, Herman Kavanagh, Peter Kresey, William Kilpatrick, James. Knocke, Frederick Kidney, William J. Knox, Joseph . Kelly, John . Kelly, James . Kenny, Martin Little, Noah . . Lawson, William . Lence, Augustus . Aug. 8, '61 I Aug. S, '61 Aug. 8, '61 I Aug. n, '61 Aug. 8, '61 ; Aug. S, '61 July 27, '63 I Aug. II, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 8, '61 8, '61 8, '61 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. II, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '63 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Feb. 3, '64 Aug. 8, '61 Jan. I, '62 3 Sept. 13, '62 3 Sept. 13, '62 3 Aug. 24, '61 3 Aug. 24, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 12, '63 3 Aug. 8, '63 3 Aug. 12, '63 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 3 Aug. 8, '61 Discharged on Surg, cenificate, March 27, 1864 — wounded at Mine Run, Nov., 1863. Deserted August, 1861. Deserted June, 1863 — wounded at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Discharged for wounds received at Turkey Bend, July, 1862. Detached with ist Pa. Light Artillery — disc. August, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1S64. Discharged on Surg, certificate, April 29, 1863 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Drafted — transferred to Co. F, S2d P. Y. — mustered out with Co., July 13, 1S65. Drafted— transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — captured at Stone House Mount'n, Sept. 16, '63. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— disc. July 24, iS6,s — Vet. Deserted August, 1861., Deserted August, 1861. Discharged Sept., 1864 — wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, '63. Trans, to U. S. N. Feb., 1864. Promoted to Q. M. .Sgt., 23d P. v., Sept., 186T. Drafted — transferred to Co. C, 82d P. V. Deserted Nov., 1861. Drafted — Deserted Aug. 16, '63. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Discharged on Surg, certificate of disability, Sept. 19, 1862 — wounded on picket at War- wick C. H., April, 1862. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. \'. — mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865. Trans, to Co. H, 23d P. V., Sept., 1861. Transferred to Co., 82d P.\'. Transferred to Co., 82d F.W Wd. at Mine Run, Nov., 1863 — killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Died in service, at Washington, D. C, Dec. 19, 1861. Deserted Jan. 19, 1862. Deserted Dec. 14, 1861. Drafted — des. Aug. 16, 1863. Drafted — des. Aug. 16, 1863. Drafted — des. Aug. 16, 1863. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Transferred to Co. M, 23d P.V., Aug., 1861. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P. V., Sept., 1861. 196 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Leonard, Henry . McLanlin, ]. C . . Moore, Thomas . Murray, Charles Malone, James M. Morgan, Dani P. Miller, James . . . McCormick, Mich'l McKinley, Henry . McDonough, Edw. McGraw, John McManus, Michael McCulIy, Hugh . Nichols, Filbert \V. Newcamp, John . Orton, James . Patton, John Patterson, James . Powell, Geo. H. Phillips, John K. Riley, John . . . Rodgers, Charles . Rittenhouse, M. P. Riley, James Reeves, Joseph L. Repshare, Jacob , Slemmons, Jno. K. Schutretter, W'm. Private Date OF Muster INTO SERVICE Aug. II, '6,^ Aug. 8, '6i Aug. 8, '6i Aug. 8. •6i Aug. 8, '6i Aug. 8, '6i Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 12, '63 8, '61 8, '61 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. 12, '63 8, '61 8, '61 4,-62 Aug. Aug. Feb. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Jan. Aug. Aug. Aug. Remarks 8, '61 8, '61 20, '62 28, '62 2, '63 8, '61 8, '61 8, '61 13, '63 12, '63 8, '61 24, '61 Ausr. 8, '61 Dratted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Died in service, Aug. 20, 1862, from wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1S62. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded on picket in front of Richmond. Mus. out with Co., Sept 8, 1864. Discharged on Sure-, certificate, Feb. 24, 1863. Trans, to Co. F., 82d P. V.— mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865 — Vet. — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Deser'd Aug. 16, 1863 — drafted. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64— wd. at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Transferred to Co. H., 23ci P. v.. Sept , i86i. Died in service, July 16, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Trans, to Co. F., 82d P. V.— must, out as Sgt. Co. K, July 13, 1S65 — Vet. — wd. Sailors' Creek, April 6, 1865. Drafted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Deserted Jan. i,'64 — returned — des. again, April i, 1864 — wd. at Salem Heights, May 3, '63. Trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 — killed at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Promoted to Com. Sgt., 23d P. v., Sept. 1861. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wd. at Cold Harbor, June 3, 1864. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— mustered out Feb. 20, 1865. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V— Disch. June 17, 1865. Drafted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— mus. out with Co. as Corp., July 3, 1865 — Vet. — wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, '63, and at Malvern Hill July i,'62. Drafted — deserted April 27, '63. Drafted — trans, to Co., 82d P. V. — discharged. Deserted Nov., 1861. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — wounded atMarye's Heights, May 3, 1863. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER IXFAXTRV. 197 N\MK Snyder, Theodore Speakman, Lewis]. Saxton, John E. . Steel, Paul Smith, Jos. L. . . Sheridan, Peter . Sullivan, Francis . Stacy, William . Smith, John Turner, William J. Tustin, Abraham. Tapper, William Thomas, Benj. T. TuUy, Jos. M. Tobin, Frank . Turner, Alexander. Thomas, Charles . Tustin. Isaac . . . VanValkenb'rg,W. Winters, Enos. Wills, Samuel Wills, William F. Rank Private D.4TK I > OF Muster I INTO SiiRvicii ! : Remarks Aug. 24, '6l ! 3 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8 '61 Jan. 22, '62 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 10, ■6,^ Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 12, '6,1 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. II, '6,S Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Aug. 8, '61 Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at White Oak Swamp, June, 1862. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Discharged on Surg, certificate of disability, Feb. 24, 1863. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— discharged April 17, 1865. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— mustered out with Co., July 13, 1865— Vet. Drafted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Deserted Nov. i5, 1861. Deserted Jan. 1864 — Vet. — wd. at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1S62. Drafted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8,'64— wd. Charles City X Roads, June, 1862. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64, Trans, to Co., 82d P. \'. Must, out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V.— disch. May 20, 1865 — wound. at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Discharged on Surg. cert, of disability, April i, 1863. Drafted — deserted Aug, 16, '63. Disch. on Surg, certificate, Jan. 23, 1863 — wd. at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Deserted May 9, 1864 — Vet. — wounded at Salem Church, May 4, 1863. Must.' out with Co., Sept. 8,'64. Discharged on Surg, certificate of disability, March, 1863. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1S64— Vet. COMPANY B RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Louis Hillebrand . | Captain . Jesse Simcox . . Henry G. Fritsch . George \V. Mindil. ist Lieut. Aug. 2. '61 1 Aug. 24, '61 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Resigned August i, 1862. Promoted from ist Lieut, of Co. G Aug. 31, '62 — absent at muster out. Promoted from ist Lieut. Co. A Aug. 8, '64 — transferred to 82d P. \'. Sept. 14, 1S64— discharged July 13, '65. Transferred as Capt. Co. R. 23d P. v., Oct. 5, '61— de- tached as Adj. -Gen, of Gen, Kearney's staff. 198 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Xamk Rank \Vm. H. Coulston. ist Lieut, Joshua S. Garsed , Arthur F. Keene . Datk OF Muster INTO Skrvick Aug. 2, '6i Aua;. 2, '6i Aug. 2, '6i Henry Crease . . \Vm. Justice, Jr. James M. Stewart. Arthur E. Clover B. Frank Paris . Chas L. Snively. . Joseph B. Shaw . . Frank A. Connelly David Lewis Edward Howell . David Gardner Thos. McKnight . H. B, Fraquair W'm. S. Wilkins. Max. Lakemeyer Geo. F. Peifer. Sergeant. Corp Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Edw. W. Lawrence j ist .Sergt. , Aug. 2, '6i \Vm. R. Peddle . " Aug. 2, '6i Aug. 2, '6i 2, '6i 2, '6i Aug. 2, '6i 2, '6i 2, '6i 2, '6l 2, '6l 2, '6l 2, '6l Aug. 2, '6i Aug. 2, '6l 3 Aug. 2, '6l 3 Aug. 2, '6l 3 Aug. Aug. 2, '6l 2, '6l 3 3 Remarks Promoted from 2d Lieut. Oct. 20, '61 — accidentally wounded at Warwick Creek, April, '62 — resigned July 12, '62. Promoted from Corp. to Serg. — to 2d Lieut. Oct. 20, '61 — to ist Lieut. July 12, '62 — killtd at Gettysburg, July 3, '63. Promoted from Qm.-.Sgt. to id Lt. July 15, '62— to ist Lt. July 3, '63 — transferred to 82d P. v., Sept. 14, '64 — dischar'd. Reduced to ranks — deserted Oct., 1S62. Promoted from Sergt. to ist Lt, Co. A, 157th P. V. Aug., '62 — promoted to Capt. — w'd in action near Petersburg, Va , July 7, '64 — discharged Oct., 1864. Promoted from Sgt. — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Disch'd as private on Surgeon's certificate of disab'y, Dec,'6i. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate June, '62. Deserted Dec, '62. Promoted to Corp. — transferred to Co. R. to S.gt.-Maj.— trans, to Co. K — discharged. Promoted from ranks — wound, at Marye's Heights Mav 3, '63 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Promoted from ranks — absent ; sick at muster-out. Pr. from ranks — wd. at Cold Harbor June i, 1864 — re-en- listed ; transferred to 82d P. V. — mus. out July 13, 1865. Promoted from the ranks — w'd at Fair Oaks May 31, '62 — mus'dout with Co. Sept. 8, '64 Deserted December, '62. Wounded Malvern Hill July i, '62 — discharged on Surgeon's certificate Nov., '62. Deserted Dec, '62. Mustered out as Private with Co. ■ Sept. 8, '64. Promot'd toCorporal — desert'd Aug., '62. Pr. to Corporal — wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, '63 — killed at Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Promoted to Corporal — woun'd at Cold Harbor June i, '64 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. PENNSYLVANIA \-(.)Ll'NTEER INFANTRY. 199 Name Rank Eugene Bentley . Corp, Daniel Graeber . . ] " T. Habbermaker | ' Henry McConnell. Jacob Mayer ' ' Louis Strenner . . ' D\TK > OF AIl'STHR ' _[ INTO SkRVICK , ^- Aug. 2, '6i Benj. F. Jenkins Barbour, James H. Boyd, David . Booy, John . Bell, David . . . Coates, Henry C. Carty, Henry . . Aui;. I Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Bernard Simon . . | Musician Aug. Aug. Henry McKim . " Jan. Adam Mitchell . Sept George \V. Blank . >. Sept Bignall, Attilla G. . Private Boyer, Samuel . j Aug. Aug. Bedford, Thomas . Aug Beiger, John . (( Aug. Bohn, John ( 4 Sept 2, '6l 2, '6l 2, '6l 2, '6l Mar. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. 2, 1 '6i 2, '6i 2, •6i 28, '62 I, '61 I. '61 2, '61 lO, '63 II. '63 8, •63 12, '62 31, '64 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 3. ■61 3, •62 RhMARKS Promoted to Corporal — woun'd at P'air Oaks May 31, '62 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8,64. Promoted to Corporal — woun'd Fair Oaks May 31, '62 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Promoted to Corporal — woun'd at Cold Harbor June i, '64 — k' d at Winchester, Sept. 1 9, '64. Promo' d to Corp'l — re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P.V.,Co. F — discharged July 13, '65. Promo' d to Corp'l — re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — wounded at Fair Oaks , May 31, '62, at Malvern Hill July r, '62, and at Marye's Heights May 3, '63 — discharg. July 13, '65. Promoted to Corporal — wound, at Fair Oaks May3i,'62 — dis- charged on Surgeon's certifi- cate April, '63. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, '62, and Turkey Bend June 30, '62 — mustered out as pri- vate with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Re-enlisted — transferred as pri- vate to 82d P. W, Co F— dis- charged July 13, '65. Transferred to S2d P. \'., Co. F — discharged Jan. 28, '65. Discharged on Surgeon's certifi- cate Aug., '62. Captu'd at Stone House Moun- tain Sept., '63 — exchanged Decemb'r io,'64 — discharged March 15, '65. Must'd out with Co. Sept. 8,'64. Drafted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V.— disch. July 13, '65. Drafted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. \' —disch. July 13, '65. Drafted — transferred to Co. , 82d P. ^^ Wounded at Funkstown, Md., July, 63, transferred to 82d P. v., Co. F — disc'd May 17, '65. Transferred to 82d P. ^^, Co. F — discharged July 13, '65. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Deserted March, '62. Deserted August, '62. Wounded June i, '62, at Fair Oaks — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, '64 — transferred to 82d P. v.— discharged June 17, '65. 200 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Cohnhoff, Louis . Castle, James . . Drew, Henry G. . Doherty, James J. Dorn, Theodore Dickson, Joseph Devine, Michael Ely, Samuel L. Eckstein, James Eckert, Oliver J. Fow, Jacob . Ferguson, William Fisher, Howard Y. George, Alexander Grouse, Michael Gifford, Edward Gamble, Jos. W. . Gillespie, James. . Gaw, Robert P. . Graham, Thos. J. . Gaw, Charles O. . Hampton, Wm. H. Holworth, Henry . Holzer, Jacob V. . Hubbard, Thomas. Hahmon, John . Harris, Wm. J. . . Private Date OF Muster INTO Service < > s Aug. Aug. Aug. 2, 2, 2, '6i '6i '6i 3 3 3 Aug. 2, •6i 3 Aug. 2, '6i 3 Sept. 15, '6i 3 Aug 2, '6i 3 Aug. Aug. 2, 2, '6i •6i 3 3 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Aug. 2, '6i 3 Aug. 10, '63 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Aug. Aug. 2, 10, '61 '63 3 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Sept. 14, '62 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Aug. Aug. 2, 2, ■61 '61 3 3 Aug. Aug. 2, 2, '61 '61 3 3 Aug. Aug. Aug. 2, 2, II, '61 '61 '61 3 3 3 Aug. lO, '63 3 Aug. 9, '63 3 Remarks collision Philadel- Deserted August, '62. Not on muster-out roll. Wounded at Winchester Sept. 19, '64 — re-enlisted — transf'd to Co. F, 82d P.V. — mustered out July 13, '65 — Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, '62, and at Cold Harbor, June I, '64 — re-enlisted and trans- ferred to Co. F, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65 — Vet. Wounded at Bottoms Bridge June, '62 — transferred to Co. D, nth Vet. Res. Corps — discharged Sept. 2, '64. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Feb., '62. Injured by railroad Aug., '62 — died at phia, Sept. 9, '62. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.\'. Discharged on Surgeon'scertifi- cate Aug., '62. Promoted to Com. -Sergeant, 23d P. V. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, '63, and Petersburg April 2, '65 — re-enlist. — trans- ferred to Co. F, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65 — Vet. Drafted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V — disch. July 13, '65. Discharged on Surgeon's certifi- cate Nov., '61. Mus'd out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Drafted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1S65. Wounded at White Oak Swamp June, '62 - trans, to U. S. N. Transferred to Co. F., 82d P. V. Discharged on Surgeon's certifi- cate March, '62. K'd at Cold Harbor June i,'64. Captured — died while prisoner at Harrisonb'g,\'a., Sep., '62. Deserted June, '62. Wounded at Cold Harbor — re- enlisted — transferred to Co. , 82d P. V. Must'doutwithCo. Sept. 8,'64. Must'd out with Co. Sept. 8,'64. Drafted — transferred to Co. 82d P. V. Drafted — transferred to Co. , 82d P. V. Drafted — transferred to Co. , 82d P. V. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 201 Name Hibberd, George . Hough.Wm. J. . . Hahn, Frank B. . Hillebrand, G. Hart, Mortimer . Hasenack, Peter Hoffman, Chas. A. Jones, William E. James, William . Johnson, Wm. P. Keyser, Byron E. Kilpatrick, Wm. J. Key, JohnC. Kneese, Jacob Leibrick, John Lang, Andrew . Leary, John . . Lampter, Louis . Mooney, John. Morris, Fritz . Martin, Samuel W. Martin, Crawford . Moltzie, Philip Monell, Randolf S. Moltz, George. Miller, George Miller, Gotleib . Milton, John . Miller, William . Mattice, Leon . Mahern, Peter. Magee, John S. . McMillin, Rob't. McCann, Thos. H. Rank Private Date OF Muster INTO Service Sept. 15, '62 Aug. 2, '61 Aug. 2, '61 Aug. Aug. 2, '61 2, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 Aug. 2, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Feb. Sept. 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 II, '63 2, '61 I, '64 I, '62 Aug. 2, '61 Aug Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. July Jan. Jan. Aug. Aug. Aug. 2, '5i 26, '61 2, '61 2, '61 7, '63 2, '61 26, '62 8, '63 7, '63 27, '63 1, '62 18, '63 7, '63 2, '61 2, '61 Aug. 2, '61 Remarks Transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — wounded at Cold Harbor June I, '64 — dis. June 17, '65. Re- enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, '65— \'et. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, '62 — discharged on Sur- geon's certificate Aug., '62. Deserted July, 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, '62 — deserted Sept., '62. Deserted Feb., '62. Absent, sick, at muster-out. Absent, in arrest, at muster-out. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, '62 — discharged on Surg, certificate Nov., '62. Wounded at White Oak Swamp June, '62 — discharged on Sur- geon's certificate Oct., '62. Accidentally killed at Washing- ton, D. C, Feb., '62. Wounded Malvern Hill July i, '62 — killed at Cold Harbor June I, '64. Deserted Aug., '62. Drafted — deserted. Wounded at Cold Harbor June, '62 — absent at muster-out. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. —Died at York, Pa., Nov. 7. '64. Wounded at Salem Heights May, '63 — transferred to Vet. Res. Corps. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate March, '63. Mus'd out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — discharged June 17, '65. Disch. on Surg. cer. Sept., '61. Disch. on Surg. cer. July, '62. Drafted— killed at Mine Run Nov. 31, '63. Deserted July, '62. Wounded at Gettysburg July, '63 — deserted May, '64. Drafted — deserted Aug., '63. Drafted — deserted Aug., '63. Drafted — deserted . Deserted Jan., '64. Drafted — deserted. Drafted — deserted Oct., '63. Not on muster-out roll. Wounded at Mine Run Nov. 31, '63 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. 202 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Nam k McConnell, John McNeal, Sam'l F. McDonough, A. McGowan, Geo. O'Neil, Dennis. Peacock, Henry C. Paul, James Poe, Chas. A. Quein, Jacob C. Ridgway, Wm. Robinett, Allen U. Rehn, Edwin J. . Ruoff, Henry Roessler, Henry Sewell, James Snowden, Thos.W. Sproul, James J. Sharp, Joseph. Sooy, John A. ' Smith, Geo. W. Smith, John C. Shaw, Charles L. Stout, C. M . Tompkins, John C. Thompson, Sam'l. Thompson, S. C Taber, Jos. S. C. Thatcher, H. G. Thayer, Alvin E. Thompson, Chas Tudor, John F. Thalheimer, A. Ulrich, John B. Von Linden, Ant'n Rank Private Date OF Muster INTO Service Aug. 2, '6l Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Mch. iS, Aug. lo, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, April 12, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, : Sept. 15, Aug. 2, Sept. 3, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 9, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Sept. 3, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, Aug. 2, July 15. Remarks 61 i r3 62 3 61 3 61 3 61 3 61 3 61 3 61 3 6r i3 61 ■^1 61 ,s 61 3 61 3 61 3i D. C, •61. 61 i 3 61 3 61 3 62 3 61 3 6[ 61 3 3 61 63 3 3 Died at Washington, Oct., '61. Deserted Feb., '62. Disch. on Surg. cert. Oct., Deserted April i, '64. Drafted — deserted . Wounded at Turkey Bend June 30, '62 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Funkstown July, '63 — trans. to Vet. Res. Corps. Not on muster out roll. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. , 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, '65.— Vet. Transferred to Provost Guard, Philadelphia, Pa. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — discharged Jan. 10, '65. Disch. on Surg. cert. July, '62. Died at Falmouth, Va., Feb. 15, '63- Deserted July, '62. Wounded Marye's Heights May 3, '63 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Must'd out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Must'd out with Co. Sept 8, '64. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, '64 — discharged Sept. 4, '64. Disch. on Surg. cert. Jan., '63. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec, '61. Deserted June, '62. Disch, on Surg. cert. May, '62. Wounded — discharged on Surg. certificate June, '62. Transferred to Adj. -Gen. office. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, '62 — trans, to Adj. Gen. office. Wounded June 15, '62 — must'd out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, S2d P V. — discharged July 13, '65.-Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, '65.-Vet. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — discharged June, '65. Discharged by civil authority Feb., '63. Disch. on Surg. cert. July,'62. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor June i, '64. — disch'd June 10, '65. Absent — sick at muster-out. Drafted— deserted . PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 203 Name Weber, Georae . Wilkins, Alex P. Williams, John . Wagner, Benj. F. . Weaber, John Weber, Henry Weaver, Charles , Wartenberg;, Louis Williams, R. B. Watson, George Wilson, Edward B. Walters, Albert H. Woodward, E. W. Zimmerman, H. C Rank Private Date OF MusriiR INTO SerVICK Aug. 2, '6i Aug. 2, '6i ^ Aug. 2, '6i 3 Sept. i> '6i ^ Aug. 2, '6i ^ Aug. 2, '6i 3 Aug. 2, '6i 3 Aug. II, '6.^ ,T Aug. 2, '6i 3 Mar. 1 8, '64 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Aug. Aug. Sept. '6i 2, '6i Remarks 3, '6i j3 Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, '52 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Must'd out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May3r, '62 — absent, sick atmust.-out. Transferred to Signal Corps. Killed at Fair Oaks June i, '62. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec, '61. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, '62 — deserted Oct., '62. Drafted — deserted Aug., '63. Deserted '62. Deserted April i, '64. Promoted to Sergeant-Major June I, '62. Promoted to ist. Lieut., Co. D, iiSth Pa. Infantry — dischar'd Captain and Bv. Maj., Feb. i3> '65- Discharged on Surgeon's cer- tificate; date unknown. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V.— discharged July 13, '65-Vet. ^ COMPANT C RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Adolph F. Cavada Captain . Aug. i, '61 John R. Johnson ist Lieut. ' Aug. 2, '61 Thos. K. Hoggs . ' i Aug. 2, '61 John B. Fassett . " | Aug. 2, '61 Frank A. Lynch, . 2d Lieut. Aug. 2, '61 Sebastian Fischler iist Sgt, 1 Aug. 2, '61 Charles Fogle John C. Ames John Don Carlisle James P. Collins . Sergeant Sept. Aug. Aug. Sept. '61 '61 2, '61 I, '61 Detached, July, 1862, on Gen. Humphrey's Staff — appoint' d Bv. Maj. and Bv. Lt. Col. March 13, 1865. Promoted to ist Lt., July 18, 1862 — detached on Gen. Sha- ler's Staff. Promoted to Adjt., March i,'62. Pr. to Capt. Co. F, July 18, '62. Pr. from ist Sgt. Co. D, July 18, 1862 — wd. at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — detached as Com. Hosp. Dept., June 7, 1864 — discharged Sept., 1864. Wd. Cold Harbor, June i,'64 — re-enlisted — trans, to Cos. F and I, 82d P. V.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Wd. at Gettysburg, July 3, '63 — re-enlisted — trans. t9 Co. F, 82d P. \'.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Died at Alexandria, Va., June 18, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor ; grave, 2172. Died at Portsmouth, June 26, 1862. Promoted to Sgt., Aug. 2, '62 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. ■20i HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks William R. Little . Sergt. Joseph H. White August Wilhelm Nicholas Dorsey Corporal. Charles EUenger John E. Little John Lapp James Lesage Charles F. Losch John McCabe Jos. A. Matharson Alberto. Russell . Gottlieb Staiger Matthew Spence . Samuel Weeks . William Thomas . i Music . . Richard McCabe . " Ascough, John B. Private Ackley, George B. " Ay res, Thomas . . " Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 2, '6i 3 2, '6r 3 I, '6i 3 I, '6i 3 I, '6i 3 2, •6i 3 2, '6i 3 2, '6i 3 2, '6i 3 I, '6i 3 2, '6i 3 2, '6i 3 2, '6i 3 2, '6i 3 2, '62 3 I- '6i 3 I, I, I, I, '6i '6i '6i '6i 3 3 3 3 Promoted to Sgt. , June i8, 1864 — wd. at Cold Harbor, June 1,11864 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Pr. to Corp., Nov. i, i85i — to Sgt., Sept. I, 1862 — wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, '64 — mus. out with Co., Sept.8,'64. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865-Vet. Discharged Aug. 20, 1862, for wounds received at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 8, '61 — killed at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, '62, at Salem Heights, May 3, '63, and at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 — Promoted to Corp., Nov. I, 1861 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wd. at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — promoted to Corp. , June 18, 1864 — mustered out with Co. , Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Jan., 1S63. Pr. to Corp., Oct. 8, 1861— wd. and captured at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — disch.Oct.8,'64. Re-enlisted— kill' d at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864 — Vet. Re-enlisted— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864 — Vet. ; Promoted to Corp., June i,'64 — mus. out with Co., Sept.8,'64. Pr. to Corp., June i, 1864 — wd. at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, and at Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wd. at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862 — Pro. to Corp., Sept. 10, 1863 — mu.stered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Captured at Stone Mt., Sept., 1863 — escaped from Danville, Va. — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg. cert., Jan. 30, '62 Wd. at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862— disch. on Surg, cert., Dec. 15, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 205 Xam 1-: Remarks Blumb, John F. Brown, John B jwers, John . Brown, Charles H. Brooks, Henry Baxter, Edward. Branan, Michael. ' Bruner, John H . Bullock, Thos. F. ! Callahan, John . . 1 Chadwick, I. Thos. i Cassaday, Nicholas Craig, Charles Campbell, Levi . Donell, Ezekiel . Dorsey, Thomas . Dorsey, William Dubois, Henry. . Dunlevy, Louis . EUiott, Washing' n. Elliott, Robert . Everhardt, Wm. Earner, Thomas Eberling, August . Ellwanger, David. Fell, Thomas . Flood, William . Forbes, William. . Fowler, Charles Ford, William. Garrigan, James Gardiner, John Private Sept Feb. Jan. Dec. I, '6i 2, '62 15, '64 26, '61 Sept. Dec. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. I, '61 15, '61 I, '61 I, '61 I, '61 I, '61 I, '61 I, '61 Dec. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. 15, '62 I, '61 I, '61 I, •62 I, '61 2, '61 I, '61 I, '61 1 I, '61 I, '61 0, '63 2, '61 2, '61 I. '61 2, '61 2, '61 1, '61 2, '61 I, '5i Wounded — discharged on Surg. cert., Nov. 10, 1862. Transferred— wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Trans. — wd. at Petersburg, July I, 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. v.— wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Deserted, Dec, i86i. Killed at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 Deserted, Dec, i85i. Deserted, Dec, i86i. Disch. on Surg. cert, of dis'y. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V. — wounded Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — disch., July 13, iS65-\'et. Transferred Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. F, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P. \'. — discharged June 17, 1865. Deserted Dec, 1861. Deserted Dec, 1861. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor June 3, 1864 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor June 1 , 1 864 — discharged Sept. , ' 64. Died at Washington, D. C, Jan., 1862. Drafted — drowned at John- son's Island, March, 1864. Deserted December, i85t. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, '62 — discharged on surgeon's certificate of disability Sept., 1862. Deserted Oct 13, 1862. Deserted Dec, 1861. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor June i, '64 — released Feb. 26, 1865 — discharged March 30, 1865. 20(i HISTORY OF THE TWENTV-THIRU REGIMENT Name Rank Date I > OF Muster I | INTO Service s Remarks Gallagher, Thos. Gampwell, John Galloway, Geo.W. Gallagher, James . Gilbert, Thomas Harrison, Wilson . Henry, David Hahn, John Private . I Sept. i, '6i Sept. I, '6i I 3 Aug. 2, '5i 3 Sept. I, '6r 3 Sept. I, '6i 3 Mar. 19, '64 3 Sept. I, '61 3 Aug. 2, '61 3 Henry, James ( ( Feb. 5, '64 3 1 Hanson, Robert ' " : Sept, 5, '61 3 Henry, Patrick . i Aug. 29, '62 3 1 1 Hays, Charles F. . Hagerty, Dennis F. Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 3 3 Honsner, John . ' " \ov. 15, '61 Harding, Hamilt'n " Sept. i, '61 '3 3 Hunter, David . (< Sept. I, '61 3 Jenners, J. W. B. 1 1 1 Aug. 2, '61 3 Johnson, Thomas. " Mar. 14, '64 ' 3 Kilrain, John '' Sept. I, '61 3 Kelly, Peter. Sept. I, '67 3 Kock, John. " Sept. I, '61 3 Kimmey, Henry (( Sept. I, '61 3 Keith, Jacob (f Jan. 28, '64 3 Latch, Robert. <( Aug. 2, '61 3 Died June 10, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's ceni- ficate Sept., 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill July 1 , 1 862 — re-enlisted — 1 rans- ferred to Co. F, 82d P. V.— discharged July 13, '5,s — Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — deserted July 30, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks IVIay 31, 1862, and at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863— dischar'd Sept., 1864. Not on muster-out roll. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1S64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor, June I, '64— re-enlis'd— trans, to Co. F, S2d P. v.— disch. July 13, i85,s— \'et. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — transferred to Co. F, S2d P. v.— Died at Salisbury, N. C. Re-enlisted — transferred ■ to Co. F, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1S65— Vet, Transferred to Co. F, 82d P.\'. and Vet. Res. Corps — disch. July 13, 1865. Died at Camp Graham, Jan., '62. Re-enlisted — deserted April 2S, 1864— Vet. Deserted Dec, 1S61. Wd. at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and Marye's Heights May 3, 1863— discharged Sept., 1864. Wd. at Cold Harb 5r June i, 1864 -discharged Sept., 1S64. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — re-enlisted— transf'd to Co , 82d P. v.— disch'd July 13, 1865— Vet. Transferred to Co, F, 82d P,\'. — discharged July 13, 1865. Detached as teamster — discha' d Sept., 1864. Detached to Ambulance Corps — discharged Sept., 1864. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor lune i, 1864 — dis- charged Feb. 25, 1865. Discharged on Surg, certificate Dec, i86r. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1S64. PENNSYL\'AMA \'(JLUNTEER INFANTRY. I'OT N.\MK Rank Long, Andrew I Private Lyons, Jeremiah Laru, Asa Love, Tliomas R. Lawrence, Milton. Layer, William . Miller, W'm. H. . Malloy, John Monckton, Step'n. : Miller, John Mullen, James Maguire, William. McFadden, Neal . McComb, Ale.x. . McClintock, Hu.sh McFeterage, John . McCoughel, Thos. McCusker, John . McBride, Dennis McCabe, Thomas. Mcllvany, Patr'k. McDonad, R. McAllister, John Niblower, Freder'k Nutt, James. j O'Neal, John . Orr, John Date OF Mustek ' 1 INTO Ser\tck Sept. i,'6i Sept. I, '6i Sept. I, '6i 3 3 3 Sept. 20, '62 3 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 3 3 Aug. 2, '61 Sept. I, '61 3 3 Aug Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 2, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. Sept. iFeb. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. I, '61 I, '61 11,-64 I, '61 9, '61 I, '61 I, '61 I, '61 10, '63 Sept. I, '5i Sept. Aug. I, '61 2, '61 Aug. 2, '61 2, '61 I 3 Aug 2, '61 Remarks ■ Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Disch. on Surg. cert, of dis'y. Re-enlisted — trans, (o Co. F, 82d P. v.— disch. July i j, 1865-Vet. Trans, to Co. F, Sad P. \'. — disch. June 17, 1S65. Deserted Nov, 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — disch. on Surg. cert. of disability. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — disch. Sept., 1S64. Disch., Sept., 1862, for wounds received at Malvern Hill, July I, 1S62. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. \'.— discharged. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i , 1864. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor, June i, 1S64 — died in Libby Prison of wounds. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — mustered out with Co., Sept, 8, 1S64. Detached to Ambulance Corps. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July 1, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P. \'. — discharged, July 13, i86,s. Died June 9, 1862 — buried at Cypress Cem., L. Island, N.Y. Died at Alexandria, \'a., Dec. 15, 1862. Deserted Dec, 1861, sentenced 3 years to Dry Tortugas — sentence remitted — honorably discharged, July i, 1S65. Deserted July 25, 1862. Deserted July 25, 1862. Drafted — captured at Mine Run —died at Andersonville, Apr. 28, 1864— grave 773. Hospital from Aug, i, 1862, to July 10, 1863 — enlisted Co.H, 1 2th U.S. Inf. — disch. Sept. 2, 1864. Disch. on Surg, cert., Dec, '61. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. V, ^2d P.\'. — discharged July 13. 1865 — \'et. Wounded at P'air Oaks May 31, 1862 — disch'd on Surgeon's certificate Dec, 1862. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. ^'. — discharged as Corporal July 13, 1865 — Yet. 208 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date I ;S OF Muster | INTO Service s Remarks Orr, James . Orterman, August. Pollock, James Pringle, James . . Price, Hyland Reigler, Henry . Seger, Samuel . Spratt, Thomas . Sayer, Wm. W. Storm, Otto Smith, Robert . Stewart, Robert Shehan, Michael Storry, William . Stewart, Charles . Spencer, William . Thompson, James. Thompson, Wm. Thompson, John . Tipton, Chas. E. Thompson, G. W. Urban, Jacob . Van Brunt, T. W. White, Henry C. Walworth, James . Warner, Martin White, Alfred . . Wilson, Thos. M. Wallace, Robert . Zimmerman, John. Private Feb. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Sept. July Mar. Jan. Sept. Sept. Aug. Mar. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Mar. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 20, ■64 3 10, '63 3 I, I, '61 '61 3 3 I, I, 2, '61 '61 '61 3 3 3 2, '61 3 I, '61 3 12, '63 3 14, •64 3 26, '64 3 I, I, '61 '61 3 3 2, 28, 2, '61 '64 '61 3 3 3 2, '61 3 I, '61 3 I, '61 3 I, I, '64 '61 3 3 2, '61 3 I, '61 '61 3 3 I, '61 3 I, '61 I, '61 I, '61 12, '61 Transferred to Co. F, 8:d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Drafted - transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — discharged as Sergeant July 13, 1865. Must, out with Co. Sept. 8,'6j. Killed at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863- Deserted March 17, 1863. Absent at muster-out. Transferred to Haxamer's N. J. Battery. Wounded — Discharged on Sur- geon's certificate Nov. 24, '62. Discharg'd for wounds receiv'd at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Drafted — wounded at Cold Har- bor June I, 1864 — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Transferred to Co. F, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Deserted December, 1861. Re-enlisted — deserted Jan., '64 —Vet. Absent, sick, at muster-out. Not on muster-out roll. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — disch. Sept., 1864. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Re-enlisted — trans, to 82dP.V. — disch. July 13, 1865 — Vet. Captured Sept. 21, 1864 — re- leased March 9, 1865 — re-en- listed — transferred to 82d P. V. — disch. June 15, '65 — Vet. Not on muster-out roll. Died at Washington, D. C, Nov. 14, 1861 — buried Military Asy- lum Cemetery. Re-enlisted — deserted Aug. 2, 1864— Vet. Absent at muster-out. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — disch. Sept., 1864. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Deserted Sept. 5, 1862. Deserted Dec, 1861. Mustered out with Co. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. F, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 209 Nam I; COMPANY D RECRUrXED AT PHILADELPHIA Date ^ Rank of Muster i | INTO Service ~^ Edwin Palmer . i Captain. Ricliard A. Griffitli ! ist Lt . ■George Wood i ' ' Marlv Anthony . ; 2d Lt Benj. S. Thomas .1 " John G.Boyd. : Franlc A. Lynch ' ist Sgt C. S. Williams John Bratton . Wm. E. Campbell Patrick Holland Martin Lamon . Thomas J. Perkins George P. Mitchell Thos. J. Milliken . \ Corp Thos. Gibson . . . "Wm. Edwards . Aug. Aug. 21, '61 24, '61 Remarks j Aug. 21, '61 Aug. Aug. 21, '61 2, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. Aug. 21, '61 21, '61 Serg't . I Aug. 4, '61 Aug. Sept. 2, '61 3, '61 Aug. 3, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 4, '61 Aug. 31, '61 Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — detached as Provost Mar. 2d Dist., at Phila., Pa. Promoted from 2d Lieut. Co. G, to ist Lieut Co. D., July j 15, 1862 — wounded at Cold I Harbor June i, 1S64 — mus. out with Co. Sept. S, 1864. i Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — promoted to Captain Co. A., July 22, 1S62. Discharged July 15, 1862. Died Feb. 9, 1862, at Washing- ton, D. C. Promoted from ist Serg. Co. G, to 2d Lieut., Co. D, Sept. II, 1862 -killed at Cold Har- bor June I, 1864. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Co. C, July 18, 1862. Promoted from Serg. July 15, 1862 — wounded at Gettysb'g, July 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and Cold Harbor, June I, 1S64 — promoted to Sergt. April, 1S64 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate June, 1863. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H., 82d P. \'.— wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1S63, and at Cold Harbor June i, '64 — disch. July 13, '65 -A'et. Promoted to Sergeant June, 1863 — discharged Sept., 1864. Transferred to Co. C, 23d P. W Oct., 1861. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. A'.— promoted to 2d Lieut — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and Cold Harbor June I, 1S64 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corporal Nov., 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. \\'ounded at Fair Oaks — pro- moted to Corporal Feb., '64 — mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. 210 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Isaac Wright . . . Hinson Hollis . . Patrick Farren . . Michael Sweeney. James Kelly . . . James McCune . . Wm. G. Grow . . Wm. Montgomery Charles Brown . . John McFadden . Anthony, John P. Anthony, Wm. H. Anderson, John Albany, Andrew J. Allender, Wm. J. Allison, Robert . Burnett, Chas. F Barr, Samuel . . Berry, Lewis . . Buchanan, James Barnes, Geo. W. Bardsley, William Bradley, John F. Barr, William . Corporal. Muc. . Private Aug. 6, '6i Aug. 21, '6i Nov. 2o, '6i Aug. 21, '6i Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Feb. Nov. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 3. '6i 6, '6i 21, '6i 21, '6i 4, '62 26, '6i 21, '6i 21, '6i 21, '6i 21, '6i ;jan. 28,-63 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 4, '61 21, '61 I, '6i 28, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Promoted to Corp. Feb., '64—7 mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg. cert. Feb., '62. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Nov. 26, 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — discharged July 13, '65 — Vet. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Sept., 1864. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — wound, at Marye's Heights May 3,'63— disch. Sept., 1864. Promoted to Corp. March, '62 — killed at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Promoted to Corporal Dec, '61 — re-enlisted — killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864 — Vet. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Feb., 1865. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Nov., 1864. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate March, 1862. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H., 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Died at Johnson's Island Jan. 18, 1864. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Died Jan. 3, 1863 — buried in Military Asylum Cem., D. C. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Wounded Marye's Heights May 3, 1863— mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — absent, sick, at mus- ter out. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certifi- cate Nov., 1861. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — transferred to Vet. Res. Corps Jan., 1864 — discharged Sept., 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 211 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Boyd, John .... Private Burton, Joseph . . Biles, Geo. M. W. Bennett, William . Boyle, John . Campbell, Alex. Crawford, George. Cargill, John . Caskey, Wm. G. . Collings, Wm. H. Campbell, James . CoUigan, John Campbell, John M. Curry, John Crole, Robert . . Carnahan, Chas. Currin, John Donelly, Hugh . Dougherty, Geo. Donohue, Edward Donelly, Daniel . Fisher, Henry Finley, William . . Fisher, James Fox, John . Gebhart, Wm. J. Galbraith, John . Gorman, James . . Gallagher, Charles Goulding, John . Gallagher, Wm. Holt, William. . Harvey, Henry . . Aug. 21, '6i Jan. i8, '64 Feb. 15, '64 Aug. 8, '63 Sept. 3, '61 Aug. 4, '61 Aug. 22, '61 Aug. 4, '61 Aug. 5, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '5i Aug. 10, '63 July 27, '63 Nov. I, '63 Sept. 4, '5i Aug. 26, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Sept. 2, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. 3, '61 Feb. 15, '64 Nov. I, '63 Aug. 10, '63 Sept. 5, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— wounded at Cold Harbor June i, 1864 — discharged July 13, '65 — Vet. Transferred to Co. H., 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Deserted Aug., 1863. Deserted March, 1862. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor June I, '64 — disch. Sept., '64. Must, out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Discharged Jan., 1863. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 — transferred to Veteran Res. Corps. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H., 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865- Vet. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. Deserted Sept. 18, 1863. Deserted Nov. 29, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Nov., 1861. Re-enlisted - transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Deserted Dec, 1861. Must, out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Trans, to Co. K, Oct. 18, 1861. Transferred to Co. , 82d P.V. —discharged Sept., 1864. Deserted Dec, 1861. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Co. , 82d P. v.— disch. Sept., 1864. Trans, to Co. , 82d P.V. K'd at Cold Harbor June i, '64. Deserted Sept. 14, 1863. Re-enlisted— deserted May 8, 1864— Vet. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Oct., 1861. 212 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Houghs, Edward . Hughes, James . Harvey, James D. Hogg, Charles . Hattersley, Joseph Harmer, Edward . Hutchinson, Josh. James, John James, William . . Kirkpatrick, John. Knight, John Kelly, Samuel Kennedy, John H. Klein, Andrew Kipel, Lewis . Kates, Samuel . . Kelly, William . Lafferty, John. . Lawrence, Charles Moore, Washingt'n Marache, Chas. C. Morgans, Fred'k . Mason, Hamil'n P. MuUin, John McGee, Thomas McCoy, Henry Private Aug. 21, '6i Aug. 26, '61 Sept. 3, '64 Aug. 16, '62 Sept. 12, '62 Feb. 20, '64 Aug. 21, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Sept. 5, '61 Aug. 2, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Sept. 5, '61 Aug. '61 Jan. 8, '64 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Feb. I, '64 Aug. 10, '63 Mch. 21, '64 Aug. 26, '61 Jan. 18, '64 Aug. 10, '63 Feb. 10, '64 Sept. I, '61 Nov. 20, '61 Aug. 21, '61 McClung, John . 1 1 Sept. 3, '61 3 McGlinchv, James McCorkhill, Arch. " I Feb. 23, '62 " ! Aug. 12, '62 3 3 McCartney, .Sam'l Feb. 18, '64 1 3 McDevitt, Edward ' Feb. 10, '64 3 McClane, Samuel, McHenry, Gerald. 1 ( Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 21, '61 3 3 McCloud, William " Aug. 10, '63 3 W'd at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. Discharged for wounds receiv'd at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Transferred to Co. H, S2d P.V. — discharged June 17, 1865. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged June 17, 1865. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged June 17, 1865. Transferred to Co. H, S2d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Deserted Jan., 1862. Disch.bv order of Pres. Lincoln. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Sept., 1864. Must, out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Nov., i85i. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Sept., 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. K'd at Cold Harbor June 1, '64. Deserted Jan., 1862. Deserted March, 1862, Not on muster-out roll. Deserted May 8, 1864. Deserted April i, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863 — discharged Aug. 21, '64. Transferred to U. S. Navy, '64. Transferred to Co. H, S2d P.\\ Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.\'. — discharged July 13, 1S65. Deserted Nov., 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Vet. Res. Corps, Oct., 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1S62, and at Sailor's Creek April 6, 1865 — re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. ^^ — discharged July 13, 1865. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — transferred to 82d P. \'.— disch. Sept., 1S64. Transferred to Co. H, S2d P.V. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.\'. — discharged June 17, 1865. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Killed at F"air Oaks May 31, '62. Died July 6, 1S64, of wounds received at Cold Harbor — buried at Nat. Cem.,Wash'n. Deserted August, 1863, PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 213 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks McCormick, John. McFalls, Francis . McFree, Wm. Neely, Sam'l A. Noble, Wm. . . Percy, Frederick . Powers, Michael J. Rumney, John. Riley, Michael Richardson, John . Rose, James . . . Riebel, Jeremiah . Riley, Benj. S. Ryan, John . . Russell, Peter. Shaw, Wm. Steen, Andrew E. Smith, Wm. J. Simons, Samuel Sweeney, John . Sterling, Thos. Stephenson, Geo. Stewart, James . Spallman, James . Toland, Neill . . Thwaite, Alfred Tippen, George Tower, Michael . Tapper, Joseph . Taylor, John Winters, James . White, John. Wiley, Samuel . Private July Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. i8, '63 21, '6l 21, '6l 6, '6i 21, '6l 8, '63 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. 1, '61 6, '61 10, '63 3, '61 Jan. 20, '64 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept, Aug. 10, '63 8,-63 21, '61 21, '61 3, '61 21, '61 8, '61 8, '61 21, '61 8, '63 21, '61 8, '61 4, '61 21, '61 Sept. Nov. Aug. Aug. July Aug. .s, '61 26, '61 8, '63 ^• '61 l.S, ■63 21, '61 Deserted April, 1864. Deserted November, 1862. Not on muster-out roll. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Deserted August 8, 1863. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — des. Feb. 7, '64. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864 — re-enlisted in Co. L, 13th Pa. Cav. Feb. 27, 1865— discharged July 14, 1865. Discharged for wounds received at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — discharged on Sur- geon's certificate July, 1862. Transferred to U. S. Navy, 1864. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. dis. September, 1864. Transferred to Co. H, Sad P.V. — discharged June 16, 1865. Deserted November i, 1863. Deserted February, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor June I, 1S64 — mustered out with Co. September 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate March i, 1862. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Sept. , 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged Sept., 1864. Died at Yorktown May 18, '62. Deserted August 18, 1863. Deserted Oct., 1862. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — transferred to Co.' H, 82d P. v.— discharged Sept., 1864. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Sept. 14, 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82dP.V. — discharged July 13, 1865-Vet. Deserted March 8, 1862. Deserted Dec, 1863. Deserted Aug. 21, 1863. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to U. S. Navy, 1864. Missing at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — re-enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65. —Vet. 214 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service < > 1 s a Id H Remarks Wallace, Alex. . Winters, Hugh . Wein, John T. . White, Joseph. Wilson, Chas. H. . Winn, Anthony . Warren, Wm. Wilson, John. Young, Joseph Private . it (( (( (( 1 ( Sept. 5, '6l Sept. 4, '6i Feb. 10, '62 Sept. 3, '61 July 18, '63 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. ID, '63 July 27, '63 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— Vet. Missing Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — wounded at Cold Har- bor June I, 1864 — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— dis- charged Sept., 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— dis. Feb. 11, 1865. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged Sept., 1864. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged June, 1865. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Deserted Aug. 20, 1863. ^ Deserted Aug. 20, 1863. Drafted— transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— dis. July 13, 1865. COMPANY E RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Wm. J. Wallace George Wood William Clark Henry Rees, Jr. . Wm. J. McFalls James Johnston . . Martin V. B. Hiller Wm. Kearney . . Henry Torbett . . Captain . ist Lieut. 2d Lieut, ist Sgt. . Sergeant. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 3 21, '61 3 14, '61 3 14, '61 3 14, '61 3 i4> '61 3 14, 14. '61 '61 3 3 14, '61 3 Promoted to Maj. 23d P. V., Dec. 13, 1862 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Promoted to Capt., March i, 1863 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — resigned Mar. 17, 1864. Promoted from Corp. to Sgt. — to 2d Lt., Dec. 20, 1862 — to Capt., Aug. 9, 1864 — trans, to 82d P. V. — disch. as Major, July 13, 1865. Promoted to Capt. Co. K, July 20, 1862. Promoted from 1st Sgt. to 2d Lt., Feb. II, 1862 ; toistLt., July 20, 1862 — resigned Dec. 29, 1862, on acct. of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Promoted to 2d Lieut., July 20, 1862 ; to ist Lieut.. Dec. 29, 1863 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Resigned Nov. 6, i85i. Promoted from Sgt. Dec. 29, 1862 — mustered out with Co. , Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to iCorp. — to Sgt., Dec. 29, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 215 Name Date OF Muster NTO Service Remarks Hugh McKiimey , Edw. S. Morgan , John Marshall . Robert Gordon . John McNeill . . George Robinson. George Hance . . John Miller . . . James McClung . . John Stewart . . Wm. Miller . . . Robert Hayes. . . James Arbuthnut . John Waters . Wm. Dougherty . John Biggot . . , Wm. J. Baker . . James Brown . John Morgan George W. Fow Sergt. Corporal, Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, '62 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 Promoted to Corp. — to Sgt., Feb. 28, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corp. — to Sgt., March i, 1864 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Sgt., June i, 1864 —trans, to Co. E., 82d P. V. — disch. July 5, 1865. Died at Phila., Jan. 8, 1862. Promoted from Corp., March I, 1864— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Deserted March 3, 1863. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 27, 1861. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 25, 1861. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — died Aug. 16, 1862, of wounds received at Mal- vern Hill, July I, 1862. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. v., Nov. 10, 1861. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864, as private. Promoted to Corp. July 20, '64 mus. out with Co.,Sept.8,'64. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 29, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 8, '62 — wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, i864^mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 28, 1862— wounded at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corp. March 1, 1864 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June i, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Promoted to Corp. June i, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. 216 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date > ^ OF Muster | | INTO Service , s « Remarks Hugh McMichael . John Dougherty . Wtn. S. Davis Wm. Keys . Daniel S. Agnew . James Tate . Acton, James B. Buchanan, James . Boyd, John. . . . Blessington, James Boyd, Hugh . Brooks, Joseph . . Braceland, Patrick Buchanan, William Brown, Thomas C. Brown, James S. Boals, John . . Burke, John C. Bendle, Jonah. Brown, Thomas . Burk, John A. . Collins, Robert . . Clark, John E. Corn, Lawrence . Corporal. Musician. Private Aug. 14, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14,' 61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Nov. Sept. Feb. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, 14, 14, '61 •61 '61 14, 14, '61 '61 '61 18, '62 Aug. Aug. Aug. 18, '62 3 I, '62 3 ^, '61 3 26, '64 3 14, '61 3 14, '61 3 14, '61 3 14, '61 3 14, 14, '61 '6[ 3 3 14, '61 3 Wounded at ' Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — pro. to Corp. June I, 1S64 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 27, '61 — killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 20, '62 — killed at Cold Harbor, June I, 1S64. Promoted to Corp. March i,'64 — re-enlisted — wd. and cap- tured at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864— trans, to Co. C, 82d P. v.— disch. July 17,1865— Vet. Re-enhsted — wd. on picket, Petersburg, Va., Dec. 16, '64 —trans, to 82d P. V. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1S64 — re-enlisted Nov. 18, 1864, in Co. L, 2d Conn. Lt. Art.— disch. June 16, 1865. Wd. at Cold Harbor, June i, '64, mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64, re-enlisted U. S. Navy Sept. 30, '64— disch. March 1S64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg, cert., Dec. 3d, 1861. Disch. on Surg, cert., March 20, 1863. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863— trans, to Co. E, 82 P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865. Trans, from Co. G, 1862 — re-en- listed—trans, to 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1S65— Vet. Trans, to 82d P. V.— disch. July 13, 1865. Trans, to Battery H, ist U. S. Art., June 15, 1863. Died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 26, 1862. Died at Bottoms Bridge, Va., May 30, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — disch. Sept, 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — disch. on Surg, cert., Aug. 22, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 217 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Carr, Charles . . . Clark, George . , Carroll, John . . . Doak, Robert . . . Disart, Robert . . Duddy, James . . Dougherty, Henry Davis, Andrew . . Donnelly, Daniel . Donohue, Robert. Egner, Robert . Fleming, William. Furnace, William. Fow, Daniel . . . Fow, William . Finley, William . Gibson, James . Gilbert, John . Hanna, Robert. Hance, Charles . Hannan, John. . . Hennessey, John . Henderson, John . Hotman, George . Helfridge, George Hamilton, Robert. Humes, John . . . Higgins, Charles . Private Mar. Aug. Jan. Aug. Aug. Aug. 3, '64 14, '6i I, '62 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Sept. 18, '62 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 I, '62 Oct. 28, '62 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Oct. 13, '62 Oct. 17, '62 Aug. 14, •61 Aug. 14, '61 Oct. 13, '62 Aug. 14, '61 Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— disch. July 13, 1865. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 ; buried Nat. Cemetery, Seven Pines, Va. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864. Not on muster-out roll. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— disch. June 17, 1865. Trans, to Co. F, 23d P. V., Oct. 13, 1861. Died June 8, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg, cert., March 24, 1862. Re-enlisted — trans, to 82d P.V. — disch. July 17, 1865 — Vet. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. \'.— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — disch. on Surg. cert. Jan. 2, 1863. Disch. by writ of habeas corpus, Aug. 20, 1861. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— disch. July 13, 1S65. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. W— disch. July 13, 1865. Trans, to Co. H, 23d P. V., Oct. 13, 1S61. Killed in front of Petersburg, June, 1864. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Deserted Sept. 21, 1861. 218 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Higgins, John . Hogan, John . . Hasset, Edward Hennessey, Wm. Jordan, James Johnston, Adam B. Johnson, William. Keisle, John . Lindsay, Wm. H. Long, George . Milan, James . Moore, David Moore, George Moore, John . Milan, Bernard . McVey, Hugh McConnell, Chas. McClelland, Rich. Mclntyre, Peter McKenzie, John . McKinney, Joseph McKinney, Wm. McNally, Thomas. McClung, John . . McManus, John . McGinnis, James . McNeill, James . . McCafferty, James Private Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 14- '61 3 Aug. 10, '63 3 Aug. 14, '61 3 Aug. 14, '61 3 Aug. 14, '61 3 Aug. 27, '62 Feb. Aug. Oct. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Oct. I, '62 14, '61 13, '62 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 28, '62 7, '62 Aug. 14, '61 Deserted Feb. 2?, 1862. Deserted Sept. 21, 1861. Deserted Jan. 30, 1862. Not on muster-out roll. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— Pro. to Corp. — disch. July 17, 1865 — Vet. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Drafted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— pro. to Corp. — disch. June 17, 1865. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P. V. Killed at Cold Harbor, June 5, 1864. Deserted June, 1863. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Trans, to Battery G, 2d U. S. Art., April 10, 1863. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg, cert, Apr.1,'62. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — disch. on Surg. cert., Dec. 10, 1863. • Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— pro. to Corp.— disch. July 13, 1865 — Vet. Wounded May 28, 1863 — re- enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Trans, to Co. E. 82d P. V.— disch. June 17, 1865. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864— trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. June, 1865. Trans, to Co. H, 33d P. V., Oct. 13, 1861. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 219 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks McGinnis, John . . McVey, John . . . McKnight, J. W. . McKeoun , Thomas O'Neill, Daniel . . Pitts, Alexander . Perry, John T. Quinn, John . Redmond, Wm. . Rankin, Alexander Rankin, James . Robinson, John T. Sweeney, Archib'd Sweeney, James . Simpkins, Belford Scrowl, James. Sproal, Robert . Stewart, Charles . Shindel, Peter W. Smith, Archibald . Scholas, James Shellady, John . Shea, William . . Smith, Thomas . Tate, John . . Tate, Hugh . Taylor, James. . . Private Aug. 14, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Oct. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 7, '62 14, '5i 4, '63 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 27, '62 Aug. I, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 14, '61 14, '61 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Sept. Oct. Aug. Jan. 29, '62 13, '62 14, '61 10, '63 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. Aug. Jan. 14, '61 14, '61 28, '62 Feb. I, '62 Re-enlisted — died of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Died June 8, 1862, of wounds rec. at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — deserted July 9, '62. Re-enlisted trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Deserted Feb. 27, 1863. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — disch. Jan. 31, 1865. Drafted — deserted Aug. 30, '63. Wd. at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862 and Gettys'g July 3, '63 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged June 17, 1865. Re-enlisted — promoted to Corp. —trans, to Co. E, 82d P.V.— dis. July 17, 1865. — Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. K'd at Cold Harbor June i,'64. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Died Dec. 3, 1861 — buried in M. A. Cemetery, D. C. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. — dis. on Surg. cer. Feb. 25, 1865. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Died at Washington, D. C, Dec. 3, 1861. Died June 19, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Wd. at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 and at Salem Church May 3, 1863— killed at Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Deserted Aug. i, 1862. Dis. on Surg. cer. April i, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis. Jan. 28, 1865. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged June 20, 1865. 220 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Tate, Henry Wilson, William ]. Warner, Samuel Wallace, George . Young, John . Private . i Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 14, '61 Aug. 28, '62 Oct. 13, '62 Aug. 20, '62 Died June, 1862, of wounds re- ceived at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Dis. on Surg. cert. Sept., i86r. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged June 17, 1865. Wounded at Salem Church May 3, 1863— trans, to Co. E,. Bad P. v.— dis. July 13, 1S65. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis. June 17, 1865. COMPANT r RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA James Gwyn . John B. Fassitt Capt Aug 2, '61 Aug. 2, '61 John B. Hunterson | ist. Lieut. Dion Birney HenryA. Marchant John B. Vancleve. A. J. Pemberton 2d Lieut. Wm. Vodges . . " Chas. W.Anderson : ist Sgt. Resigned July 22, 1862, to ac- cept Lt. Colonelcy 1 18th P.V. — disch. as Col. and Bv. Brig. Gen. and Bv. Maj. Gen., June I, 1865— wounded in battle of Wilderness, May 5, 1864. Enlisted as private, ist Troop- Philadelphia City Cav., May 13, 1861 — trans, to 23d Pa. Vol.— disch. July 31, 1861 — pro. from 2d Lt. Co. H to ist Lt. and Adj. on detached service as Act'g Asst. Adj. Gen. of Gen. D. B. Birney's Staff — re-joined Regt., as- signed to Co. C as ist Lt.— I pro. to Capt. Co. F, July iS, j 1862, for gallant and merito- rious service at Malvern Hill — detached on Gen. Birney's Staff as A. D. C— discharged Sept., 1864— awarded medal of honor for gallantry at Get- tysburg, July 2, 1863. Resigned Jan. 15, 1S62— com. Capt. 118th P.\'.— disch. Feb. 14. 1865. Resigned April, 1S62. Promoted to Capt. Co. I, Jan 1, 1863. Promoted from ist Sgt. Co. K, to 2d Lt. Co. I, Jan. 24, 1862 —to ist Lt. Co. F, Jan. i, 1863 — mus. out with Co ' Sept. 8, 1864. Resigned July 5, 1862— wd. at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Promoted to 2d Lt., Dec. 15, 1862 — mus. out with Co' Sept. 8, i%4. Aug. 2, '61 3 1 Died while in service, Feb 7 1862. Aug. 2, '61 Jan., Aug. Aug. April, Aug. '62 2, '61 2, '61 '62 2, '61 PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER LXFANTRV. 221 Xamk Frederick Ruber . Alexander Powell. Rank I St Sgt. Date -^ OF Muster | INTO Service s Remarks Aug. Aug. 2, '6i 3 2, '6l Sergeant, i Aug. 2, '6i 3 I Aug David Colville . Wm. Green James Masland . . | " [Aug. i j Casper Miller . " | Aug. Henrj' Robson . " Aug. ■Chas. M. Young " Aug. I Benj. F. Atkinson. | Corp. . Aug. Henry Bernholdt . I " Sept. Henry H. Cozier . " j Sept. Francis L. Ellis . . " j Sept. [ Wm. McGarvey . " Aug. James H. Graham. " Sept. Alex. Johnson . . " Aug. 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 2, '61 I, '61 15, '62 15, '62 2, '61 15, '62 6, '62 Killed at Fair Oalcs, May 31, '62. Prisoner of war from June i, 1864, to March i, 1865 — mus. out April 12, 1865 — wounded while Sgt., at Fair Oal 1 s (- Remakks Weaver, Wm. A. Young, Elias . . . Private Aug. 2, '6l Aug. 2, '6i 3 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate of disability Aug. 12, 1862 — wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Died in service Dec. i, 1861 COMPANY G RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA John Maxwell . . James M. Linnard. Jesse Simcox . T. J. Armstrong. Frank Taylor James House . Rich'd A. Griffith. John G. Boyd L. H. McClaskey. James Culberston. Wm. C. Barclay Benton H. Kames. John Reen David Applegate Captain ist Lieut. 2d Lieut, ist Sergt. Sergeant. Corp Aug. 2, '61 Aug. 2, '61 Aug. 3, '61 Sept. 2, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 3, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. I, '61 Disch. on Surg, cert., Jan. i,'63. Promoted to Capt. Jan. i, '63— detached to Gen. Detreau- briand's Staff, Aug. 15, 1864. Promoted to Capt. Co. B, 2^d P. v., Aug. 31, 1862. Promoted to ist Lieut. Co. M, Sept. 2, 1861 ; to Co. G, Aug. 31, 1862— detached to Gen. Shaler's Staff— died Jan 2 1864. Promoted from ist Sgt. Co I, to 2d Lieut. Co. G. July 22^ 1862 ; to ist Lieut., March 3' 1864 ; to Capt. Co. I, Sept. 9, 1864— wounded five times at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864, and wd. at Sailor's Creek' April 6, 1865— Vet. Promoted from ist Sgt. to ist Lieut., Aug. II, 1864— re-en- listed— trans, to 82d P. V. disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864— promoted to ist Lt Co. D, 23d P. V. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Co. D 23d P. v., Sept. II, 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862— disch. on Surg, cert., March 21, 1863. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864- mus. out with Co.: Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted from Corp. March i, 1863- mustered out with Co , Sept. 8, 1864. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i 1864. Wounded five times at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — re-enlisted— trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865-Vet. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i 1864. ' PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 227 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Thos. H. Boyd . Sam'l C. Duswald. Frederick Fisher John Gibson . John Hays . . . Geo. W. Johnson . G. M. Mackinson . John Mills Wm. Muschert , Wm. R. Roe . John Stevenson . . Henry S. Winner . AUibone, Thomas. Anthony, Harry D. Artman, Samuel . Boyd, Andrew . Bockins, Wm. . Brown, James S. Bantom, Wm. H. Black, Robert Brinker, Alfred Bantom, Henry W. Black, James . . Boddy, Geo. W. . Corporal. I Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 27, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 28, '61 Sept. I, '61 Musician. Private Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 30, '62 Sept. iS, '62 Sept. 3, '61 Aug. 30, '62 Aug. 7, '61 Oct. 31, '6r Sept. I, '61 Aug. 27, '61 Aug. 24, '61 3 Remarks 8. iS , June I, '63 Co., Sept. Oaks, May Surg. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co., Sept. Promoted to Corp., — mus. out with 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair 31, 1862 — disch. certificate, July 8, 1862. Died Feb., 1862. Promoted to Corp., Dec. 12, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — disch. on Surg. cert. May 1, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — re-enlisted — trans. to Co. F, 82d P. \'.— disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— pro. to Sgt. Co. K — wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Deserted July 7, 1863. Deserted July 10, 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, ]862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. v., Oct. 31, 1861. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Trans, to Co. E, 23d P.V., Jan. I, 1863. Wounded at Sailor's Creek, Apr. 6, 1865 — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. June 16, 1S65. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — trans to Co. E, S2d P. v.— disch. June 16, 1865. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— dis. July 13, 1S65. — Vet. — promoted to Sergt. Co. K. Died Johnson's Isl'd Jan. 27, '64. Died June 26, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862— absent at muster-out. 228 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Connelly, Martin . Connelly, Edmund Culbertson, Ed. A. Chad wick, Wm. B. Cuskaden, James . Clair, Wm. H. . Cavender, Philip Cassady, Joseph Crawford, George. Donahue, Charles. Davis, John. . . Dankle, Alfred J. Donahue, Thomas Davenport, James. Dunn, Francis A. Ernst, Henry . Ewell, George W. Edward, John R. Flenard, Wm. H. Fraley, George W. Falby, George W. Fisher, Henry. Fitzpatrick, John Grant, Edward J. Graham, William. Harey, L. M. Haddock, Henry. Hilsee, Robt. C. Huber, Peter Havey, Patrick Hazlett, Matthew. Howard, Wm. H. Highly, William . Kroessen, James C. Private Aug. 24, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Feb. I, '62 Aug. 30, '62 Sept. I, '6r Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 22, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Oct. 31, '61 I Aug. 27, '61 i Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 30, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 28, '62 Aug. 24. '61 Aug. 24. '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24. '61 Aug. 24. '61 Aug. 24. '61 Sept. 2fe, '62 Aug. 28, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. 1, '61 Sept. I, '61 Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Dis. on Serg. cert. Oct. 15, '61. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged July, 1862. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V. — dis. June 24, 1865. Died Aug. 15, 1862, of wounds rec. at Malvern Hill July I, '62. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Discharged Nov. 9, 1861. Deserted May 3, 1863. Transferred to Co. D, 23d P.V. Wounded at F"air Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Disch. onSurg'scer. Jan. 11, '62. Deserted June 8, 1862. Deserted Sept. 27, 1862. Died Aug. i, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surg's certificate Sept. 22, 1862. K'd at Cold Harbor June i, '64. K'd at Cold Harbor June i,'64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — deserted in 1862. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Deserted April 10, 1862. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864— died of wounds rec'd at Cold Harbor. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged on Surgeon's certificate April 17, 1865. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — re-enlisted — — transferred to 82d P. V. — died of wounds rec. at Win- chester Sept. 19, '64. — Vet. Died of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Deserted Dec. i, 1862. Deserted July i, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — absent in hos- pital at muster-out. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 229 Name Kerr, George . Kerr, George W. . Lithgen, William . Lindsay, Adrian G. Mackelheny, Jacob. Milligan, George . Maholland, W'm. Miller, Richard J. Manderfield, John. Morely, John F. . McKneass, Thos. . McBride, Peter McCarty, George . McAfee, John W. . McGinnis, James McNickel, Alfred . McBride, Wm. J. . McKinney, Robt. J. Norris, Charles H. Nacey, James . Nagel, Louis H. Nelson, Geo. W. Nathans, John. Peile, Frank C. Painter, John . Patterson, Robert. Poole, Jefferson Robinson, James . Robb, Robert. . . Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Private Sept. I, '6i I 3 Sept. I, '6i Sept. I, '6i Sept. 6, '6i Sept. I, '6i Aug. 22, '6i Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '5i Sept. I, '61 Aug. 25, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 28, '61 Sept. 1, '61 Sept. I, '61 Oct. 31, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged on Sur- geon's certificate April 7, '63. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — deserted June i, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Nov. 24, 1 86 1. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wd, and captured June 30, '62 at Charles City X Roads — must, out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65. — Vet. Wounded at Sailor's Creek April 6, 1865 — re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E,82d P.V. — discharged as Sergeant July 13, [865.-Vet. Deserted July i, 1862. Deserted Jan. 10, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — re-enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis. July 13, 1865. — Vet. Died Aug. 25, 1864. Deserted Nov. 15, 1861. Deserted Sept. 18, 1862. Deserted Sept. 29, 1862. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863, and Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864 — discharged Sept. 1864. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Dis. on Surg. cert. Dec. 3, '5u Dis. on Surg. cert.March 12, '62. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Dis. on Surg. cert. April 19, '62. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. 230 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Rutherford, W. G. Roe, Jesse B. . Reynolds, Edw. A. Reward, Henry . Rea, Francis D. Rush, Wm. E. Robinson, L. J. Smith, Edward J. Smallwood, C. E. Sewell, Reuben . Sperry, Samuel R. Stokley, Joseph Sarch, John. Summers, Fred'k. Stevens, Harry . Spencer, John H. Smith, James . . . Stewart, Samuel P. Way, Joseph . Willie, Theodore . Way, Thomas L. Wilson, John T. Yocum, Jacob H. Yeager, John Private Aug. 24, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 27, '61 Aug. 28, '61 Dec. I, '62 Sept. 6, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Nov. I, '61 Sept. 24. '61 Aug. 25, '62 Sept. I. '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 27, '6r Apr. .so. '63 Aug. 24. '61 Aug. 24. '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Sept. 1. '61 Mar. I. '62 Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surg's certificate Aug. 25, 1862. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis. July 17, '65 — vet. — pro. to Sgt. Co. I. Deserted June 20, 1862. Deserted Nov. 26, 1861. Deserted Jan. 22, 1862. Not on muster-out roll. Trans, to Co. F, 23d P. V. Disch. onSurg. cert. Dec.10,'62. Woun. and captured at Marye's Heights May 3, '63 — escaped and joined in charge on the heights — re-enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65. — Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863, and at Cold Harbor June i, 1864 — re-en- listed — transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged July 17, 1865.— Vet. Wounded at Winchester Sept. 19, 1864— re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis- charged July 17, 1865 — Vet. Transferred to 82d P. V. — dis- charged June 17, 1865. Died Nov. 3, t86i. Died Jan. 20, 1862. Killed at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. Deserted May 3, 1863. Trans, to Co. R, 23d P. V. Must, out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg. cer. Mar. 20, '63. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862— k'd at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. Mus. out with Co. Sept 8, '64. K'd at Cold Harbor June i,'64. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 231 COMPANY H RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Francis Keyser , James M. Craig . Job T. Hickinan Freder'k P. Backus John E. Collins . . Henry A. Marchant James M. Linnard Alexand'r D. Bailie James Spence. John S. Linton . Francis M. Worth . Stephen Palmore . Thos. H. Michaels Cornelius Lukens . Saml. F. Bolton Anthony Schaffer . Jas. FuUerton . . . Geo. S. Slaysman . David H. Uber . . Captain . I St Lieut. 2d Lieut. Sergeant Corporal. Aug. Aug. 12, '6i 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Oct. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 31, '61 12, '61 2, '61 2, '61 12, '61 10, '61 Aug. 10, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 20, '61 13, '61 10, '61 Aug. 10, '61 Sept. Aug. 21, '61 10, '61 Aug. 15, '61 3 Aug. 24, '61 3 Aug. 20, '61 3 Disch. bySpc.Ord. Sept. 28,'63. Died Feb. 2, 1899, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June 1, '64 — promoted from 2dLt., Co. M., to ist Lt., Jan. i, '63, to Capt. Nov. I, '63. — mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to 2d Lt, Jan. i, '63, to ist Lt., Jan. i, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Resigned March 18, 1862. Resigned Oct. 31, 1861. Trans, to Co. F., May i, 1862. Promoted to Capt. Co. G., Jan. I, 1863. Resigned May i, 1862. Promoted to Corp., Dec. i, '62, to Sergt. , Aug. i, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wd. at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Promoted to Corp., July i, '63, to Sergt., Aug. i, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wd. at Malvern Hill, July i,'62. Color Sergt. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Discharged. Wounded Marye's Heights, May 3, '63 — re-enlisted and trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v., as 2d Lt. — disch. July 13, 1865 — Vet. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, '62, and Sailor's Creek, April 6, '65 — re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, '65 — Vet. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, '64 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65— Vet. Killed at Fair Oaks while Color Sergt., May 31, 1862. Wd. at Gettysburg, July 3, '63, and Cold Harbor, June i,'64. Promoted to Corporal May i, '63 — disch. Sept., '64 — died of wounds received at Cold Harbor. Promoted to Corporal, Aug. i, '64 — discharged Sept., 1864. Promoted to Corporal, Aug. i, '64 — discharged Sept., 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — promoted to Corporal, Aug. I, '64 — disch. Sept., 1864. 232 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks John Gallagher . . Corporal. Wm. L. Uber . Geo. W. Palmer John Boyle . . Wm H. Garwood Wm. Beatty . Geo. Howell . Musician. Andrews, Jas. C. Private . Bothwell, John . Brinker, Henry P. Bell, George R. Brown, James C. . Barry, Samuel . . Black, Charles , . Bastian, Wm. Berringer, Wm. Cavanagh.Wm. H. Campbell, James . Crear, Henry H. Coates, Henry . Craig, David R. Canning, John . Childs, Stephen. Cronin, John . . Dufford, James . . Delaney, Mich'l F. Sept. Aug. I, '6i 20, '6l Nov. I, '6i Nov. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. i,'6i 13, '6i 13, '61 15, '61 10, '61 Aug. 20, '5i Aug. Aug. 24, '61 10, '5i Aug. 10, '61 Jan. Jan. Aug. Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 5, '64 23, '64 5, '61 24, '61 18, '61 I, '61 10, '61 24, '61 24, '61 20, '61 Aug. 10, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 6, '6i 24, '61 6, '61 Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, '65— Vet. Wd. at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62, and Marye's Heights, May 3, '63 — trans, to Vet. Reserve Corps — disch. Sept. 1864. Re-enlisted — trans, to U. S. Navy April i, 1864 — dis- charged Nov. 9, 1865. — Vet. K'd at Malvern Hill July i, '62. Deserted Nov. 17, 1861. Deserted Nov. 17, 1861. Trans to Co. E, 82d P. V. Wounded at Malvern Hill July 1, 1862 — deserted July 3, 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Absent on detached service at muster-out. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — re-enlisted — trans. to Co. E, 82d P. V- Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Gettysburg July 3, 1863 — re-enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. E, 82d P. \'.— discharged July 13, '6s — Vet. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— dis. July 13, 1865 — wounded at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis. July 13, 1865. Deserted Nov. 17, 1861. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — deserted Jan. 20, 1863 — returned and deserted again July 21, 1863. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Dis. on Surg. cer. Oct. 18, 1861. Re-enlisted and transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v. — discharged July 13, 1865.— Vet. Transferred to Co. B, 23d P.V. , March 15, 1862. Transferred to Co. K, 23d P.V., Oct. 31, 1862. Re-enlisted— transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865 — Vet. — wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, '62 — re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.- dis- charged July 13, 1865.— Vet. Killed accidentally Oct. 20, '62. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg. cert. Feb. 28, '63. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 2:^.3 Name Date OF Mustek INTO Service Davis, Theodore . Dewald, Reuben Dyer, Francis Dubarry, Robt. S. Dougherty, \Vm. Earle, James C. . ! Foster, Win. A. Private i Aug. 16, '61 Aug. 26, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 2, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Farrell, Wm. . . Forsyth, Colin . Glenn, John L. . ( ( Aug. Sept Aug. Griffith, John . Aug. Granger, Wm. Hough, Wm. . [Jan. lAug. Harris, Wm. . Haviland, John . i Aug. Sept. Hagan, Barnett . . Ijan. Hughes, Patrick Haley, Patrick . Heiler, Frank . Helfitch, Geo. jjan. Sept. Aug. Aug. Hess, Chas. F. jAug. Hardcastle, James Johnson, John G. 'Aug. ■ Aug. Jenkins, Benjamin Aug. Jones, Benjamin ( ( Sept. Kelly, John . (( Aug. Kelley, Wm. ( t Aug. 10, '61 14, '63 24, '61 6, '61 3, '61 24, '61 ?• 19. '61 28, 23, '64 '61 3 3 10, I, '61 '62 3 3 15, '64 3 24, 6, 15, 15, '64 '61 '61 '61 3 3 3 3 15, '61 3 20, '61 3 10, '61 3 20, '61 3 I, '62 3 10, '61 3 10, '61 3 Remarks Wounded at White Oak Swamp June 30, 1862, and at Cold Harbor — re enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. E, 82d P. \'.— discharged July 13, '65. — \'et. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1S63 — re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. \'.— dis. July 13, 1865.— Vet. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Transferred to Co. K, 23d P.V., Dec. I, 1861. Deserted January 20, 1863. Deserted Sept. i, 1863. Wounded five times at Fair Oaks May 3r, 1862 — disch. Deserted Aug. 7, 1861. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wound, at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Cold Harbor June I, 1864 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surg, certificate April 15, 1863. Deserted Feb., 1S64. Wounded at White Oak Swamp June 30, 1862 — discharged on Surgeon's cer. Jan. 3, 1863. Disch. on Surg. cert. Oct. 17, '62. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P.V.— dis. on G. O. June 17, 1865. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.\'. — discharged July 13, 1865. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. Killed at Fair Oaks >Iay 31, '62. Deserted Jan. 20, 1S63. Wounded at Fair Oaks .May 31, 1862 — deserted Aug., 1862. Disch. on writ of habeas corpus, 1862. Deserted May, 1862. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged July 13, 1865— \'et. Wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863— trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V. — discharged by general order, June 17, 1865. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — discharged on Surg, certificate April 15, 1863. Deserted Aug., 1862. 234 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Kane, Thomas Landis, John . Lant, John A. Linton, VVm. . Lewis, Edward . . McCrossin, David McCarty, Patrick . Mickle, Adin B. Michals, Joseph . . Milford, W. W. Morris, Henry W. Munday, Cornelius Myers, Thomas . . Mack, Geo. W. . Mann, Thomas . Michals, Wm. B. McCafferty, Jas. . McDermott, Philip McKenna, James McGuire, Charles McGrey, Wm. McKinley, Henry McEwen, Lawr'nce Pommer, G. A. Palmer, DeWitt C. Pedrick, Daniel . Robinson, Wm. Ruby, Wm. Private Aug. lo, '6i Aug. ID, '6i Sept. II, '6i Sept. I, '6i Aug. 13, '61 Aug. II, '61 Aug. 10, '61 Aug. 10, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 21, '62 Nov. I, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Nov. I, '61 Aug. 20, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 15, '61 Sept. I, '61 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. I, '62 Aug. ID, '61 Aug. 15, '61 Aug. 10, '61 Aug. 20, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Feb. 20, '62 I 3 Deserted May i, 1864. Died Dec. 18, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June I, '64 — bur. at Hampton, Va. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— disch. Sept., 1864. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Deserted Aug. , 1862. Deserted Jan. , 1S63. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — promoted to Sergeant July 17, 1864 — reduced. Wounded at Cold Harbor — mus. out with Co. Sept. 8,'64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surg, certificate Aug. 12, 1862. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V. and B. loth V.R.C.— dis. June27,'65. Transferred to Vet. Res. Corps Sept. 12, 1863. Died Aug. ig, 1862, of wounds rec. at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. K'd at Cold Harbor June i,'64. Deserted Sept. 10, 1863. Deserted Aug., 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surg, certificate Aug. 12, 1862. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — absent in hospi- tal at muster out. Dis. on Surg. cert. Sept. 15, '62. Transferred to Co. E, Sad P.\'., and to Vet. Res. Corps — dis- charged June 26, 1865. Deserted Aug., 1862. Deserted Jan., 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and Cedar Creek Oct. 19, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans- ferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— discharged July 13, '65. — Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— died Dec. 6, 1864, of wounds rec'd at Win- chester Sept. 19, 1864. — Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged Nov. 20, '62 — re-enlisted Aug. 8, '63, in Co. H, ist. V. R. C— dis- charged Nov. 17, 1865. Wd. at Malvern Hill June i, '62 and Marye's Heights May 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Dis. on Surg. cert. Oct. 26, '62. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 235 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Roach, John . . Riley, Benj. S. . . Reeves, Howell Risley, Annanias . Staismore, W'm. Smith, James M. . Smith, Sherw'd B. Slaysman, Chas. R. Steele, Washingt'n Schall, Anthony Stillwell, Cyrus . Stutzenbach, Emil Schenck, Adam Smith, Wm. H. Smith, Charles . Sands, David . . Sedan, Robert Smith, Frederick. Sweeney, John . Tripner, Geo. C. . Truxall, George Umstead, Wm. . . Wallace, James . Young, George . Private Aug. July Sept. Aug. Sept. Aug. j Sept. t JAug. i Aug. Sept. July Aug. July Sept. 20, '61 3 28, '61 3 I, '61 3 15, '61 3 I. '61 3 15, '61 3 24, '61 3 24, '62 3 20, '61 3 I, '61 3 I3> '63 3 10, T e- '63 3 14, '61 I Sept. 6, '61 Sept. Sept. I J^n. Jan. [Aug. Jan. Aug. 20, '61 20, '61 23, '64 28, '64 10, '61 13, '63 10, '61 Aug. 29, '61 Aug. 15, '61 I 3 Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V.- discharged July 13, 1865.— \'et. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V. Dec. 1, 1861. Died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 4, 1862 — buried in Mili- tary Asylum Cemetery. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863— captured by Mosby 1864. Wounded, bayonet wound, at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Disch. on Surg. cert. Jan. 23, '63 — re-enlisted I. A. i92d P. V. July '64 — disch. Aug. 24, '65. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. v.— dis. Oct. 20, '64. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — disch. by G.O., June 17, '65. Trans, to Co. E, 82d P. V.— sentenced to Dry Tortugas. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. E, 82d P. \'.— discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — disch., by G C, May 23, '65. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. — discharged July, 1865. K'd at Cold Harbor June i,'64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, and at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863— died June 28, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June i, 1864— buried in National Cemetery, Arlington, Va. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862— deserted Jan., 1863. Deserted Jan., 1863. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — deserted July 3, '63. Deserted Feb. 15, 1864. Deserted Feb. 15, 1864. Disch. on Surg. cert. Jan. 18, '63. Transferred to Co. E, 82d P.V. Died July, 1862, of wounds rec. at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Transferred to Co. K, 23d P.V., Dec. I, 1 861. Deserted Dec. 28, 1862. 236 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT COMPANY I RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Frank Granello . . Captain . Chas. C. Haldem'n Henry A.Marchant Gilbert Adams . . ist Lieut. Jesse S. Williams . 2d Lieut. Frank Taylor . ist Sgt. Russell P. Howard William Morast . Sergeant. Wm. R. Hall . James M. Smith John Reen . . Robt. G. Bartel W'm. Stevens . Wm. D. Sloan . Wm. H. Myers . John B. Bowers . Edward McMahon Corporal. James McComb . Stephen Palmer . Daniel H. Pedrick Jacob F. Albright Charles Voight . 1 Oliver McFadden . Elias Lomax John G. Franklin . Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. i3> '61 13. '61 2, '61 13, '61 19, '61 13, '61 13, '61 13, '61 13, '61 13, '61 13. '61 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. Sept. 28, '62 4, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Aug. 13, '61 13- '61 13, '6i 13, '61 I, '61 I, '61 13, '61 Aug. 24, '62 Aug. 27, '62 Resigned Jan. 23, 1862. Promoted from 2d Lieut., Jan. 23, 1862 — Resigned Jan. i,'63. Transferred from Co. F — killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Detached Feb., 1862, on Gen. L. P. Graham's Staff. Promoted to Sgt., July i, 1862 ; to 2d Lieut., Jan. i, ]863 — mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Co. G, 23d P. v., July 22, 1862. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. K, 82d P. V. — pro. to 2d Lieut. — disch. July 13, 1865 — Vet. Absent at muster out. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P. V. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P. V. Transferred to Co. G, 23d P. V. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — pro. from ranks — mus. out with Co., Sept.8,'64. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — pro. from ranks — mustered out with Co. , Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June T, 1864 — trans, to Co. C, 82d P. V. — disch. June 17, 1865. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. K, 82d P. v.— pro. to 2d Lieut. — wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863— killed at Sailor's Creek, April 6, 1865. Promoted from ranks — died of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — mustered out with Co., .Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg. July 3, 1863 — trans, to Co. H, 82a P. v.— disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. V. — promoted to Sgt. Co. I— disch. July 17, 1865 — Vet. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 237 Name Rank < Date OF Muster INTO Service fi. « a H Remarks John S. Ohmit Henry Zimmerman John L. Grubb Frank Murphy Henry Laing . . . Albertson, Sam.W. Aston, Isaac Bayley, James C. Brown, John E. Beck, John Butcher, Alex. M. Corporal. Musician. (( Private Butcher, Robt. A. ' ' Mar. Berger, Abram H. Sept Butler, Joseph ( ( Aug. Berg, John D. Aug. Booth, Thomas . ( 1 Aug. Boyd, Robert . t ( Aug Blair, William P. Brown, Edwin C. Brooks, Geo. \V. Barrett, John Burns, James . Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. July Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. July Feb. 4, '6i 3 4, '6i 3 4, '6i 3 13. 13. 13. '6i '6i '6i 3 3 3 I, '63 3 13. '61 3 13, '61 3 4, '61 3 6, '61 3 19. '63 3 4. '61 3 13. '61 3 8. '61 3 3. '63 3 19. '61 3 13, 13. '61 •61 3 3 13, '61 3 15. i8, '63 '63 3 3 Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. v.— disch. July 17, 1865 — Vet. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — re-en- listed—trans, to 82d P. \'.— disch. July 17, 1865 — Vet. Mus. outwithCo.,Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Drafted— trans, to Co. H, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. v.— wd. at Sailor's Creek, April 6, 1865 — disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. V. — wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. \'. — disch. July 13, 1865— A'et. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged June 20, 1865. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. \'.— disch. June 20, 1865 — Vet. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, i865-\'et. Re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. \'. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Drafted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. X . — disch. July 13, 1865. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July 1, 1862 ; at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863, and at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. V.— disch. July 13, 1865 — Vet. Killed at Fair Oaks, May3i,'62. Re-enlisted — wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 —Vet. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — disch., date un- known. Deserted Aug. 24, 1863. Deserted Dec, 1863. 238 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Boas, Jacob R. Burns, John . Bulner, Edward Bartell, John . Christy, John . Coakley, John Cline, Frank . Crandell, Charles . Cooley, Joseph . Carpenter, \Vm. Childs, John Coles, James M.D. Crear, Harry H. Dunbar, Robt. S. Detrick, Joseph . Daily, James . Dunbar, Thomas . Dickey, W'm. i\I. Dean, Joseph . Dome, Frederick . Dunkle, John . Duffv, William . . Dick, John iM. Dinsmore, John . . Eisenberger, Mart Foster, Wm. A. Francis, Henry P Fry, David . . Fallon, John . Fry, Jacob B. . Fisher, William . Fullerton, J. Gormley, John . Grubb, Jacob A, Private Date OF Muster INTO Service Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. July Aug. Aug. lo, '63 12, '63 13- '61 13, '61 I, '61 13, '61 28, '63 12, '63 6, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 13, '61 13, '61 13, '61 19, '61 Aug. 30, '61 Sept. Sept. 4, '61 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. July Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. Sept. 12, '63 u, '63 13, '61 13, '61 13, '61 I, '61 13. '61 13. '61 I, '61 July 15, '63 Aug. Feb. Aug. Aug. II, '63 8, '64 17, '64 20, '61 Remarks Aug. 20, '61 I 3 Drafted — deserted Mar. 14, '64. Drafted — deserted Mar. 18, '64. Trans, to Co. K, 23d P. V. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — absent in hospital at muster-out. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864— disch. Sept., 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's cer- tificate, date unknown. Drafted— trans, to Co. H, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, 1865. Deserted Aug. 24, 1863. Re-enlisted — trans, to 82d P.V. —disch. July 13, 1865— Vet. Wounded and captured at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — died Feb. 21, 1865, of wounds re- ceived at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 ; buried ist Div., Gen. Hospital Cemetery, Annapo- lis, Md. Killed at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Not on muster-out roll. Transferred to Co. H. 23d P.V. Mus. out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864— mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — discharged on Sur- geon's cert., date unknown. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. v.— Vet. Deserted Aug. 24, 1863. Drafted -trans, to 82d P. V. Transferred to Co. P, 23d P.V. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.\". Transferred to Co. K, 23d P.V. Absent sick at muster-out. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.\'. Not on muster-out roll. Absent on detached service in ist Pa. Artillery. Drafted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. Drafted — deserted Mar. i, 1S64. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 239 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Goodsmith, Frank Green, William . Goodwin, John . . Gibbs, Charles . Ham bright, C.K. . Harris, Samuel Henderson, Jacob Harrington, Jacob Hess, Gottlieb . Hernley, Abr'm H. Harrie, Emil Holmes, John Irwin, William Kline, George H. Kerr, John Kling, John Lee, John Lewenberg, Jos. Lewis, Henry C. Lucas, Albert G. Markley, Samuel . Moss, Madison B. Maloney, Wm. M. Mitchell, Thomas Miller, Robert Murry, John Private Sept. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 4, '6i 13, '6i 13, '61 12, '63 19, '61 Sept. 4, '61 July July Aug. Aug. July Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. 10, '63 6,-63 2, '61 13, '61 II, '63 13, '61 19, '61 13, '61 20, '61 3. '61 I, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. 13, '61 13, '61 13, '61 20, '61 13, '61 I, '61 Aug. 19, '61 Aug. 12, '61 Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Died in service, date unknown. Deserted Aug. 24, 1863. Discharged Feb. 14, 1863, by order of Secretary of War. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Drafted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, '65. Drafted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged by G. O., Aug. 3, 1865. Drafted — transferred to Co. H, S2d P. v.— disch. July 13, '65. Re-enlisted— transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Drafted — deserted Mar. 11, '64. Transferred to Co. H, 23CI P.V. Re-enlisted— transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Died Jan. i, 1863 ; buried at Alexandria, Va. , grave 653. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V. — discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Drafted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — deserted Aug. 24, 1864. Re-enlisted— transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865— Vet. Discharged by order of Gen. Heintzelman. Discharged Dec, 1862. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — disch. for wounds. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — disch. on Surg. cert. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — discharged on Surgeon's certificate. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— disch. July 13, 1865 — Vet. Re-enlisted— transferred to Co. H, 82d P. A'. — wounded at ?vIineRun, Nov., 1S63 — disch. July 13, iS65-Vet. Drafted transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, '65. 240 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Morris'n, Geo.E.L. Meyers, William . MahoUand, Thos. Mahoney, Dennis McMisk, John- . McCoffee, Robt. McMeekin, Robt. McCucken, Andr. McCuUen, Henry . Nolen, Patrick . Nargrave, Wood'd Osborn, Isaac E. Rodgers, John B. Rolin, John A. Raphund,John H. Rodgers, John . Reed, Abner H. Rakes, James H. . Richards, Thos. Rhoades, Henry Ruth, Beneville S. Shue, George Spence, Samuel Stull, Edward L. . Siple, Benjamin Stauffer, Abraham Seifred, Geo. H. . Remarks Private Aug. lo, '63 Feb. 10, '63 Aug. 20, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Nov. 13, '62 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Feb. I, '63 Sept. I, '61 Aug. 12, '63 Aug. 10,' 63 Oct. 8, '62 July 17, '63 Aug. 13, '63 July 10, '63 Sept. I, '5i Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 19, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, ',61 Drafted— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Deserted Aug. 24, 1863. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— discharged July, 186.S— Vet. Transferred to 6ist P. V. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — re-enlisted — trans, to Co. H, 82d P. v.— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863 — discharged July 13, '65 — Vet. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. Re-enlisted — absent at muster out— Vet. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P.V. — discharged Sept. , 1864. Discharged Aug. 16, 1861. Transferred from Co. K, 23d P. V. — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — transferred to 82d P. V. Transferred to 82d P. V. Re-enlisted — transferred to Sad P.V.— disch.Julyi7,'65— Vet. Drafted^-transferred to Co. H, 82d P. v.— disch. July 13, '65. Drafted— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Deserted Jan. 31, 1863. Drafted — deserted March 9, '64. Deserted March 9, 1864. Drafted — wounded and cap- tured at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — Died in Andersonville, Nov. 16, 1864, of wounds ; grave 12,048. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Mus. out with Co., Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — discharged on Surg, cert., April 4, 1863. Re-enlisted — tran, OF Muster ' | INTO Service ' s Private . July II, '6i Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Apr. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 4, '61 I 3 Oct. 8, '62 I 3 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 8, '62 I Sept. 4, '61 I Aug. 13, '61 I 3 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 19, '61 i Ijuly 12, '63 Remarks Drafted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. \'.— disch. July 13, '65. Wounded at White Oak Swamp, June, 1862— absent in hospi- tal at muster-out. 3 Drowned Aug. 18, 1861. 3 Disch. Apr. 28, '62 on Surg. cert. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Transferred to Co. K, 23d P.V. 3 Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — absent in hospital at muster-out. Wd. at Cold Harbor, June i, '64 — re-enlisted — trans, to 82d P. v.— disch July 17, '65— Vet. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Not on muster-out roll. Mus. out with Co., Sept. Discharged for wounds at Fair Oaks. Discharged by order of Maj.- Gen. Heintzelman. Transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — Missing at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — wd. at Cold Harbor, June i, 1S64 — discharged Sept., 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — absent in hospital at muster-out. 3 Deserted July 2, 1863. 3 Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V — wounded at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to Co. H, 82d P. \'.— wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Transferred to S2d P. V. .'64. rec'd COMPANY n RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Fred'k F. Cavada. Henry Rees, Jr. . Louis J. Howard . Captain. ist Lt . Aug. 6, '61 3 Aug. 4, '61 3 Aug. 6, '61 3 Resigned July 20, '62 — com. Lt.- Col. 114th P. V. — Com.- in-chief Cuban Insurgents — captured by Spaniards and executed July, '71, Mercades, Cuba. Prom, to Capt, July 20, 1862 — Com. Major 23d P. V.— mus. out with Co. Sept. '8, 1864. Resigned 1862 to accept Cap- taincy on staff of Gen. E. D. Keyes. 242 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Edward B. Wilson, ist Lt James M. Linnard. Jas. G. Williamson Wm. H. Nealle . Alfred H. Gifford. Geo. E. Webb . . Abram Fink . Ira Webster John Dinsmore . Fred'k P. Simon . Franklin Smeck . J. C. McLaughlin. Jas. J. Bolestridge. Jesse H. Cornell . Alonzo Engleman. John Gorman . . . John J. Howe John F. Hild . . . 2d Lt . ist Sgt Serg't . Corp. Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Aug. 2, '6i Aug. 2, '6i Aug. 24, '6i Aug. 6, '6i Aug. 6, '6i Aug. 6, '6i Aug. 6, '6i Aug. 6, '6i Aug. II, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug. 13. '6i Aug. Aug. 6, 6, '6i '6i Aug. 6, '6i Aug. Aug. 6, 6, '6i '6i Aug. 6, '6i Sept. 9, '6i Wd. at Gettysburg July 3, '63 — prom. 2d Lt. Aug. 31, '62, to ist Lt. Sept. I, '63 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Promoted to ist Lt. Co. H, 23d P. v., Aug. 25, 1862. Promoted from Sergt. July i, 1863 — died June 2, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Har- bor June I, 1864. Discharged July 17, 1862 for wounds received at Malvern Hill July I, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — prom, to Sergt. Aug. I, 1862 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Disch. on Surg. cert. Sept. 25, '62 — re-enlisted Dec. 12, '63, Co. M, 3d N. Jersey Cav.— disch. Sergt. -Maj. Aug. i, '65 — com. 1st Lt. — not mustered. Discharged of Surg. cert. Jan. , 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — prom, to Sergt. -Major 23d P. v., Aug. 31, 1862. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. v.— disch. July 17, '65— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V. — discharged July 17, 1S65— Vet. Re-enlisted— transferred to 82d P. V. — discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Died Aug. 6, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62 — wounded twice at Cold Harbor, June i, '64 — prom, to Corp. Oct., 1862— must, out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill July I, 1862 — prom, to Corp, Sept. 1S63 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Died May, 1863. Wounded at Cold Harbor June, I, 1864 — prom, to Corp. May 1, 1864 — must, out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — wounded and captured at Cold Harbor June i, '64 — released April 7, '65 — re-en- listed — discharged June 20, 1865— Vet. Died of wounds received in front of Petersburg, Aug. i, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 243 Name Date < Rank OF MuSTIiR 1 Remarks INTO Service W. H. Lancashire. Maurice L. Spear. Corporal. G. W. Woodhouse : " John Zaun . . i " H. G. Edmundson I Musician, j Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 James K. Millman : Daniel Williams Armstrong, H. J. . Private Albertson, Levi B. j Allen, John . . j Armstrong, C. E. . Borland, Jas. W. Bishop, Edward Bagley, Richard Bulmer, Edward , Brown, Jos. C. . Bishop, Samuel S. Bower, George . Beardmore, T. C. Bryon, Charles H. Boyle, Isaac Boyd, James Barger, Jacob Badger, Augustine Brown, John , Brenan, Angus . Bothnel, John . Bennett, Henry Aug. 6, '61 Feb. Sept. i Aug. Aug. I Aug. I Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. 8, -64 5> '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 13, '61 4, '61 5, '61 6, '61 Aug., '61 Aug. '61 3 Aug. 10, '6.3 3 Aug. i.^. '6,3 3 Aug. II, ■63 3 July 28, '63 3 Aug. 6, '61 3 Discharged on Surg, certificate Sept. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. v.— wd. at Cold Harbor, June 1, 1864^ — disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Discharged on Surg, certificate Aug. 12, 1862. Killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1S64. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V. — discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to Sad P. V. — discharged July 17, '65 —Vet. Transferred to 82d P. V. — dis- charged July 13, 1865. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. V. Died March 10, 1862, buried in Military Asylum Cem., D. C. Re-enlisted — deserted April 28, 1864— Vet. Wounded at Gettysburg July 3, 1863 — mustered out with Co. Sept. 8, 1864. Must, out with Co. Sept. 8, 64. Disch. Surg. cert. July 10, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged Surg. cert. Sept. 25, 1862. Trans, to Co. M., 23d P. V. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V. — discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Died Nov. 21, 1861. Died June 6, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor June I, 1864. Wounded in front of Richmond June 8, 1862— killed at Cold Harbor June i, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — re-enlisted — deserted April 28, 1864— Vet. Deserted — date unknown. Died April 27, 1865, of wounds received in front of Peters- burg — buried at Portsmouth Grove, R. I. Drafted — deserted May 5, 1864. Drafted — deserted Sept. 20, '63. Drafted — deserted Jan. 5, 1864. Drafted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Transferred to Co. I, 23d P. V. 244 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Cooney, Jas. G. , Private Colgan, James . . Craig, David K. Carmines, Thos. Carstaire, Robt. L. Costello, Wm. Carnaiian, Robt. Clay, Franlc . . Caldwell, Andrew. Collins, James Cummings, Thos. Davis, Wm. A. . Deacon, Howard . Donnelly, James Donaghey, John Duncan, William Davis, Arthur . Davis, Dennis . . Dougherty, Patrick Dougherty, John . Dugan, James Daily, Hiram . Dunlevy, Louis . Eisenbarth, Edw. . Ellis, Geo. F. Ennis, Isaac H. Farren,\\'m. J. . Finley, Wm. Fox, Geo. F. . . Farrow, Geo, W. Grindred, John Graham, Thomas. Aug. 6, '16 Aug. 13, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. 18, '61 Dec. 24, '61 Sept. 6, '61 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 6, '63 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. 15. '61 Sept. 16, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. I, '61 Sept. 9, '61 Sept. ,S, '61 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. ,So, '64 Aug. 10, '63 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 6, 6, 6, '61 '61 '61 Aug. 2, '61 Aug. Aug. 6, 6, '61 '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. I, '61 Died June 2, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Must.out with Co. Sept. 8, '64. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862, Marye's HeightsMays, 1863 — disch. on Surg. cert. Dec. I, 1863. Discharged on Surg, cert., July 20, 1862. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. V Transferred to Co. H, 82d P. V. — discharged Dec. 13, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 13, 1S64. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Drafted — deserted Oct. i, 1863. Not on muster out roll. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. V. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. V. — wounded at Cold Har- bor June I, 1864 — disch. July 17, 1865— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. v.— killed at Winchester Sept. 19, 1864 — Vet. Transferred from Co. F — re- enlisted — trans, to 82d P. V. — discharged July 13, 1865. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864— transferred to 82d P. V. Transferred to 82d P. V. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. Deserted Nov. 15, 1862. Not on muster out roll. Drafted — deserted 1863. Re-enlisted — wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863— killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 —Vet. Deserted Nov. 26, 1861. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 — mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. \'.— discharged July 17. 1865— Vet. Died Jan. 25, 1862. Re-enlisted — deserted Feb 12 1864 - Vet. ■ ' Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— discharged on Surg- cert., Oct. I, 1862. Re-enlisted — deserted Feb. 12 1864— Vet. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 245 Name Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Granello, Geo. W. Hall, William H. Havens, Joseph . Hicks, Thomas . Hamilton, Wilson. Harp, Jacob . Hankins, Geo. J. Hoffman, John F. . Hamilton, Wm. HoUock, Thomas. Harty, Michael . . lUson, Richard . Jones, Wm. . . Joynes, Richmond. Krepps, Peter. . . Kelly, James Kelly, John . Krunnshield, J. H. Kaesch, Herman . Kelly, John T. Kafer, Pierson Kardner, George . Lane, Joseph Lewis, Samuel S. Lelarge, Wm. . . Lane, Daniel . . Murgatroyd, John. Murphy, Richard Maxwell, Chas. A. Meehan, John S. Meehan, Thomas . Mergenthaler, C. Matlack, Wm. H. Mason, Daniel . . Miles, Wm. J. . . McByrne, Chas. McKnight, Jonn . McMinn, Harry H. McGuire, Chas. F. McKim, Henry . . McComb, Thomas Private Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. Feb. Aug. July Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Aug. Aug. 6, '6i 6, '6i 6, '6i lo, '6i 24, '6i 2, '6l 8, '64 6, '61 22, '63 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 12, '61 4, '64 24, '61 Sept. II, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. July July Aug. 10, '63 6, '61 6, '61 10, '63 29, '63 28, '63 24, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 Jan. 7, '62 Sept. JFeb. Feb. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Jan. July 20, '61 18, '62 18, '62 I, '63 6, '61 10, '63 6, '61 13, '61 6, '61 6, '61 6, '61 28, '62 15, '63 Transferred to 82d P. V. — dis- charged. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Nov. 15, 1862. Transferred to Co. A, 23d P.V. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V. Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, '62. Re-enlisted — trans, from Co. F, 23d P. v.— killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — Vet. Drafted — deserted July 30, 1864. Deserted July 30, 1864. Drafted — deserted May 9, 1864. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Died June 15, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V. Trans, to 82d P. V., July 13, '65. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862— trans, to 82d P. V. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. Re-enlisted — deserted July 21, 1864— Vet. Deserted July 12, 1863. Drafted — deserted May 9, 1864. Drafted — deserted Apr. i, 1864. Drafted — deserted Aug. 16, '63. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Deserted Oct. 17, 1861. Transferred to 82d P. V. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Nov. ID, 1862. Transferred to Co. M, 23d P. V. W^ounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864— trans, to 82d P. V. Transferred to 82d P. V. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V. Drafted— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Missing at Fair Oaks. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Nov. 4, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Nov. 30, 1861. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Transferred to Co. B, 23d P.V. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. 246 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT V] < Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service W >- oi W H Remarks McKim, Wm. McKim, Chas. . McCleary, Wm. McClune, Hugh McChestney, Wm. Neill, John . . Nelson, Wm. , . . Ocschger, Gustav's 0'Donnell,Thos. . Owens, Henry . Priest, Charles . Powers, Richard . Piatt, John T. Pierce, John Pierson, Jos. . . Pommer, Adolph . Riley, Benj. F. . Rodgers, Reading Robinson, Ham'n. Simpson, Geo. L. Spear, David . Simon, Chris'n G. St. Clair, John . Shultz. Henry Stanford, Jas. P. Schreiner, John J. . Starsmore, Wm. . Sherman, Franklin Sterling, Hugh . Simon, Jacob F. Schmitz, Chas. Stull, Sidney B. . Smith, Charles , . Sanderson, Wm. Stull, John . . Umstead, Thomas. Private Aug. 6, '6i Jan, 28, '62 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 24, '61 Aug. II, '63 Aug. II, '63 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 10, '63 July 27, '63 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. 19, '61 Sept. 20, '61 Aug. 21, '62 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 15, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 12, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '5i Sept. 6, '61 Feb. 3, '64 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. I, '63 July 28, '63 Aug. 6, '61 Aug. 6, '61 Wd. at Cold Harbor, June i,'64 —trans, to 82d P. V.— Vet. Wounded at Cold Harbor June I, 1864— trans, to 82d P. V. Died Oct. 5, 1864, of wounds received at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864. Deserted Sept. 30, 1863. Deserted April 28, 1863. Drafted— trans, to 82d P. V. Drafted — deserted May 9, 1864. Died Feb. i, 1862. Drafted — deserted May 9, 1864. Drafted — deserted Aug. 24, '63. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. V. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June I, 1864 — re-enlisted — trans, to 82d P. V. — discharged July 17, 1865— Vet. Deserted Sept. 10, 1862. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Died Oct. 6, 1862, of wounds received at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862 ; buried in Military Asylum Cem., D. C. Not on muster-out roll. Discharged April i, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863— mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Dec. 15, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Jan. 9, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Nov. 12, 1S62. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, June 22, 1862. Discharged Aug. 8, 1S64. Transferred to Co. H, 23d P.V. Transferred to Vet. Res. Corps. Transferred to Co. I, ,S2d P. V. Transferred to 82d P. V.— killed at Sailor's Creek, Apr. 6, '65. Wounded at Malvern Hill, July I, 1862— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Died April, 1862. Drafted — deserted Apr. 20, '64. Drafted — deserted Aug. 24, '63. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate. Died July 23, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 247 Namk Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Vaughn, Wm. Van Fleet, Aaron. Williamson, Jos. M. Wagner, Wm. H. . Walters, Chas. P. . Weir, Henry W. Watson, John H. Wells, John M. Wright, Chas. H. Williamson, Alex. West, John F. Walker, Samuel T. Walker, Jos. E. . . Private Sept. 5. '6i 3 Aug. 6, '6i 3 Aug. 24, '6i 3 Feb. 6, '62 3 Aug. 3°, '6i 3 Sept. Aug. lO, 6, '61 '61 3 3 Aug. 6, '61 3 Aug. 6, '61 3 Feb. 26, '64 3 Aug. 6, '61 3 Aug. Aug. 6, 6, '61 '61 3 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Dec. to, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— killed at Cold Har- bor, June I, 1864. Mustered out with Co., Sept. 8, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, Oct. 6, 1862. Transferred to U. S. Navy as Lieut. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P. V. Re-enlisted — wounded at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864 — trans, to 82d P. v.— Vet. Re-enlisted — transferred to 82d P. v.— Vet. Re-enlisted— transferred to 82d P. v.— Vet. Killed at Cold Harbor, June i, 1864. Wounded at Cold Harbor, June 1 , 1 864 — absent at muster-out. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. V\/'E have shared our blankets and tents together, We have marched and fought in all kinds of weather, And hungry and full we have been. We had days of battle and days of rest, But the memory that clings to us the best. We have drunk from the same Canteen. {Miles O'Rellley.) 248 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT COMPANIES L. O. P. R. Of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania. IN March, 1862, while laying at Camp Birney, under orders of the War Department reducing the infantry regiments to the maximum strength of 1000 men, these companies with Major George C. Spear as Lieutenant-Colonel were transferred from the Twenty-third Pennsylvania to the Sixty-first Penn- sylvania, Colonel Oliver H. Rippey, who was then in com- mand of six companies from Pittsburg and vicinity, thus raising it to the full maximum strength. Company L, Captain Butler Dilley, becoming Com- pany D; Company O, Cap- tain Robert L. Orr, that of H ; Company P, Captain John W. Crosby, that of G, and Com- pany R, Captain Geo. W. Mindil, that of I, so that they became part of that gallant fighting regiment of the Sixth Corps, participating with it in all its campaigns and actions until the close of the war as follows : Yorktown, Williams- burg, Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Malvern Hill, Chantilly, Antietam, Williamsport, Fredericksburg, Marye's Heights, Franklin Crossing, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Wilderness, May 6th and 7th; Spottsylvania May loth, nth, 12th and i8th; Cold Harbor, Weldon Rail Road, Fort Stevens, Island Ford, Charles- town, Apequan or Winchester, September 19, 1864; Fisher Hill, Cedar Creek, Fort Fisher, (Petersburg), Petersburg as- sault, Sailor Creek. The casualties of the Sixty-first Pennsylvania were as follows : COL. GEORGE C. SPEAR, Killed at Marye's Heig^hts while Colonel 6ist P. v. Killed or died of wounds ..... Died of disease , , . Other Causes . . ... Captured Wounded (including those who died of wounds) . . . . OFFICERS 18 ENLISTED MEN 214 89 14 94 TOTALS 232 536 PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 249 Of this number these Companies lost the following : Killed or Died of Wounds. Died of Disease. Wounded. Captured. Total. COMPANY D. Officers. . Enli.sted Men . . I 22 13 6 30 2 7 67 COMPANY H. Officers . , Enlisted Men. 1 1 ^ ~ 1 14 6 3 13 ' 4 35 COMPANY G. Officers Enlisted Men . 2 2 I 2 6 ' 4 10 COMPANY I . Officers . Enlisted Men . I 10 2 2 19 — 3 31 Total . . • . 161 During the service these companies furnished three Col- onels, one Lieutenant-Colonel, two Majors to the Sixty-first. Colonel Geo. C. Spear killed at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863, Colonel Jno. W. Crosby killed when the lines were taken at Petersburg, April 2, 1865, and Colonel Robert L. Orr who brought the regiment home, and Lieut.-Colonel Charles S. Greene, two Majors, George W. Dawson and OHver A. Parsons. George W. Wilson, Second-Lieutenant Company O to Adjutant, killed at Spott- sylvania. May 9, 1864. The fol- lowing enlisted men were pro- moted to Commissioned Offi- cers : Sergeant Sylvester D, Rhoads of Company L to Cap- tain Company D, First Sergeant Oliver A. Parsons, Company L to Major of the Regiment, Sergeant Charles M. Cyphers, Com- pany L to Captain Company F, Sergeant Wm. Lathrop, Com- COL. JOHN W. CROSBY, Killed at Petersburg, April 2, 1865, while Colonel 6lst P. V. 250 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT pany L to First-Lieutenant Company D and Sergeant Sam'l C. Fell, Company L to Second-Lieutenant Company D, Ser- geant Charles F. Kennedy, Company O to Regimental Quart- ermaster, Sergeant Chas. H. Clausen, Company O to Captain Company A, Sergeant Jno. W. Ryan, Company O to Second Lieutenant Company H, Corporal Jno. Barrett, Company O to Captain Company G, killed at Cedar Creek, October 19, 1 864, Private Geo. K. Lutz, Company O to First-Lieutenant Company G, Sergeant Charles H. Bewley, Company P to Captain Company G and Brevet-Major, Sergeant Abram Davis, Company P to Second Lieutenant Company G, Richard R. Lippincott, Company R to Second Lieutenant Company I, Samuel P. Stewart, Company R to Second Lieutenant Com- pany I, Captain Geo. W. Mindil, Company R was promoted to Colonel, 27th and 33d New Jersey Volunteers, Brevet- Major-General United States Army. GEORGE D. HOWELL, Drummer Co. H, 23d P. V. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 251 List of TKose W^Ko Died in Service. Company L 23rcl. Company D 61st Pennsylvania. Captain D. J. Taylor, killed at Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864. First Sergeant Preserved Taylor, died June 11, 1862. Sergeant Wm. Q. Cole, died of wounds received May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House. Corporal Charles H. Elliott, died June 17, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Corporal Jos. C. Dale, died September 17, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Corporal Geo. W. Fell, killed at Antietam, September 17, 1862. Musician Jas. Munis, died March 19, 1862. Private Atherton Casey, killed at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. " Brooks, Wm., died of wounds received June 29, 1864. " Baker, Isaac, died January 8, 1862. " Blackman, Frank, died November 23, 1861. " Benning, Edward, died December 28, 1863. Dilley, James W. , killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. " Ellis, Thos. C, killed at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864. " Elson, Wm. G. , died September 23, 1862. " Fulkerson, Chas. W., died May 16, 1864, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " Fairchilds, Jno. L. , killed May 9, 1864, Spottsylvania Court House. Hay, Jno. W. , died August 7, 1864, of wounds received at Fort Stevens, D. C, July 12, 1864. " Hour, Winfield, died December 23, 1862, of wounds received at Fredericksburg, December 13, 1S62. Hawk, Chester B., died December 8, 1862, while a prisoner of war. " Moore, Hiram, died January 30, 1862, at Camp Graham. McFarland, Roderick, died of wounds received May 20, 1864. McDermott, Louis A., killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Pembridge, Jno., died April 8, 1862. " Piper, Jno., killed May 18, 1864, near Spottsylvania Court House, Va. " Stout, Theo. L. , died December 23, 1863, of wounds received at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. Stroh, George, died at Richmond, Va., June 6, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. 252 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Private Seiple, Frederick, killed in action near Charlestown, Va. , August 21, 1864. " Sayre, Vincent, died May 25, 1863. " Tanfield, Thos. O., killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " Tucker, Thos. O., died May 27, 1864, of wounds received at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " Wilcox, Crandall A., killed May 9, 1864, Spottsylvania Court House, Va. " Williams, Townsend, died December 19, 1861. " Ward, Wm. H., killed May 9, 1864, at Spottsylvania Court House, Va. Company P 23rcl. G 61st Pennsylvania. Captain Jno. W. Crosby, killed at Petersburg, April 2, 1865. " Jno. Barrett, killed at Cedar Creek, October, 19, 1864. Corporal Geo. W. Gordon, killed at Wilderness, May 6, 1864. " Jos. Walker, died date unknown. Private Peter Bradley, killed at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. Company O 23rcl. H 61st Pennsylvania. First Lieutenant Geo. W. Wilson, killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 9, 1864. Sergeant Thos. J. Perkins, killed at Wilderness, May 6, 1864. Corporal Jos. Holt, died November 11, 1862. " Jos. L. Riddle, died January 28, 1862. " Edmund Posey, died F"ebruary 22, 1862. Private Boyer, Henry, killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " Bell, Thos. M., killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " Berk, Jacob H., killed at Wilderness, May 6, 1864. " Bennett, Chas. F., died January 2, 1862. " Doals, Benj. F. , died December 30, 1861. " Ginther, Geo., killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864, while serving in Company A. Hessell, Jos. , killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " Johnson, Thomas, killed at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. " Johnson, Henry, killed at Charlestown, Va., May 21, 1864. " Moore, Jno., 2nd, killed at Wilderness, May 6, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 253 Private Mahoney, Wm. H., killed at Wilderness, May 6, 1864. " Murphy, Jeremiah H., killed at Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864. " McGrath, Chas. B. , killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 12, 1864. " McKinley, David, died August 7, 1862, of wounds received at Malvern Hill, July i, 1862. " Vandever, Marshall, died December 26, 1861. Company R 23rd. Company I 61st. First Lieutenant Alfred Moylan, died July 8, 1862, of wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Sergeant Wm. Lindsay, killed at Charlestown, Va. , August 21, 1864. Corporal Harry Anthony, killed at Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864. " Robt. Cairstairs, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Private Edward Garvin, killed at Fort Stevens, July 12, 1864. " C. L. Issamart, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. " Jos. Kline, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Jno. Lowe, died June 5, 1862. " Jno. Mills, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. " Jas. McCallister, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. " Rich'd Powers, killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. " Nicholas B. Sands, died July 26, 1862. ' ' J. Weaver, killed at Wilderness. 254 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT COMPANY L, 23d-D, 61st. RECRUITED IN LUZERNE COUNTY Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Butler Dilley. . William W. Ellis , David J. Taylor . Oliver A. Parsons Captain . Aug. Aug. iS, Sylv. D. Rhoades . Aug. i8, '6i Aug. 18, '61 Nov. 20, '61 Smith D.'Dean Chas. M. Cyphers ist Lieut. Wni. Lathrop Samuel C. Fell 2d Lieut. Aug. 18, '61 Aug. -18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Resigned July 23, 1862. Promoted from ist Lt. to Capt., July 23, 1862 — wounded at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863 — transferred to Vet. Res. Corps, Jan. i, 1864. Promoted from 2d to i st Lieut. , July 23, 1862 ; to Capt., Mar. 25, 1864 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and at Spottsylvania C. H., July 12, 1864 — killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864— Vet. Promoted to ist Sgt., July 23, 1862 ; to 2d Lieut., April 19, 1S64 , to ist Lieut., Oct. i, 1864 ; to Capt., Nov. 30, 1S64 ; to Major by brev. for gallant and meritorious service in as- sault before Petersburg, Va. , April 2, 1865 ; to Major, May 14, 1S65 — wd. near Spottsyl- vania, May 18, 1864, and in charge at Petersburg, April 2, 1865 — discharged June 28, 1865— Vet. Promoted from Sgt. to 2d Lt. , Dec. 31, 1864 ; to ist Lt, Jan. 6, 1865: to Capt., June 3, '65 — awarded Congressional Medal of Honor for gallantry at Fisher's Hill, Va., Sept. 22, 1864 — discharged with Co., June 28, 1865— \'et. Promoted from 1st Sgt. to 2d Lieut., July 23, 1862 ; to 1st Lieut., April 19, 1864 — wd. at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864 — disch. Aug. 10, 1864. Promoted from ist Sgt. to 2d Lieut., Sept. 4, 1864 ; to ist Lieut., Dec. 15, 1864; to Capt. Co. F, June 6, 1865 — wounded at Ocoquon Creek, \'a., Sept. 19, 1864 — disch, on Surg, certificate. May 15, 1S65 —Vet. Promoted from Sgt. Maj. to 2d Lieut., Jan. 8, 1865; to ist Lieut., June 2, 1865 — mus. out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Yet. Promoted from ist Sgt. to 2d Lieut., June 6, 1865 — mus. out with Co., June 28, '65 — Vet. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 255 NAMt- Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service w Preserved Taylor . Wtn. D. Beals I St Sgt. . Aug. Aug. i8, iS, '6i '6i W'm. Coon .... Sergeant Aug. i8, '6i \\m. S. Withers " Nov. I, '6i Jacob Shafer .' Aug. i8, '6i Jas. R. Shultz. ( i Aug. i8, •6i Wm. A. Swan . . Wtn. R. Cole . Geo. W. Sayer . Corporal. James McCarty Daniel Schlarbach Jno. H. Benning . Ezra A. Caswell . Theo. A. Tucker . Wm. H. Rountree Chas. H. Elliott Joseph C. Dale J. J. McDermott . ■Geo. W. Fell . . . Michael Loban . . | Musician John, Glancy . i " Atkins, Joseph . , I Private I Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '61 Aug. i8, '61 Aug. i8, '61 Aug. i8, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, •61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. 18, '61 18, '61 18, '61 Remarks Died June 11, 1862. Mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet— wd. at Marye's Heights, May 3, 1863. Absent wounded at muster-out of Co.— Vet. Promoted from Corp. to Sgt., June 8, 1865 — must, out with Co., June 28, 1S65 — Vet. Wounded at Fair Oaks, Va. — discharged Sept. 7, 1864. Discharged, date unknown — re- enlisted March 8, 1864, and discharged May 15, 1865 — wounded at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862— Vet. Wounded May 10, 1864, near Spottsylvania C.H. — desert'd from hospital and enlisted in U. S. Navy. Died of wounds at Alexandria, Xa., May 29, 1864. Absent in hospital at muster Out of Co., from wounds received Mays, 1864— Vet. Absent — wounded at muster out of Co. — Vet. Mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865 —Vet. Mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865. — Vet. — Wounded at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1S64. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term — wounded at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864. Wounded May 12, 1S64 — trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. Jan. 6, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. July 23, 1S62 — wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — disch. Dec. 9, 1862, on Surg. cert, of disab'y. Died June 17, '62, from wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Died September 17, 1862, from wounds received at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks and taken prisoner May 31, 1862 — discharged Dec. 9, 1862, on Surg, certificate of disability. Transferred to Co. E, April 10, 1862 — killed at Antietam, Sept. 17, 1862. Deserted Nov. 12, 1S61. Deserted Dec. 11, 1862. Discharged Sept. 12, 1862. 256 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Rank Abbott, A. M. . Atherton, Casey Briggs, Job . Burk, James Barnes, Geo. P. Date I OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Private Brooks, William Baker, Isaac . . Barnett, Patrick. Brunier, Theo. Brisbing, Geo. H. . Blackman, Frank . Benning, Edward . Cooper, Samuel Conner, David C. . Connor, Thos. R. Dale, David W. Daniels, Wm. H. Dolph, Samuel Dale, Chas. W. . Dorman, Tonev Dilley, Jas. W. , Ellis, Thos. C. Elson, W'm. ('•. Ellis, Elmer R. Fairchilds, Wm. F. Fulkeson, C. W. Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '61 Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Jan. I, '62 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 March i, '62 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Discharged Dec. 9, 1862, on Surgeon's cert, of disability. Killed at Marye's Heights May 3, 1863. Wounded May 6, 1864 — must, out with Co. June 28, 1865 — Vet. Mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865— Vet. Pro. toSerg. Co. F, Nov. i,'64; to 2d Lieut., April 6, 1865 ; to ist Lieut., May i5, 1865 — not mustered — mustered out with Co., 2d Lieut., June 28, 1865 — Vet. — wound, at Spott- sylvania Court House, May 12, 1864, Died of wounds June 29, 1S64. Died Jan. 8, 1862. Deserted Feb. i, 1862. Deserted Aug. i, 1862. Deserted Aug. 15, 1862. Died Nov. 23, 1861. Died at Brandy Station Dec. 28, 1863. Disch. March 12, 1863 — re-en- listed March 5, 1864 — must, out June 28, 1865 — Vet. Promoted to Sgt., Sept., 186 1 ; to Drum Major, March i, '62 — discharged Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and on May 9, 1864 — disch. Sept. 7, 1864. Discharged Sept. 7, 1864, at ex- piration of term. Transferred to Co. H, 1st Pa. Artillery, date unknown. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1S62— disch. for wounds, Sept. 18, 1862. Deserted Jan. i, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862— received furlough from hospital July 5, 1S62, and enlisted in 5th U. S. Art! Killed at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Killed at Spottsylvania Court House, May 9, 1864. Died Sept. 23, 1862. Discharged March 30, 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged Sept. 7, '64.' at expiration of term. Died May 16, 1864, of wounds received at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 257 Namk Fairchilds, Jno. L. Goff, Alfred Howe, John Higgs, James . Hawk, C. B. Hotchkiss, Jerem'li Hay, John W. Howe, Winfield. . Huff, Levi . Hood, Frank . Hinkel, Wm. . Lippencott, Wm. La Ban, Jas. . . Myers, Judson W. Minig, A. T. Morton, Ira . Mears, Jas. A. . Moore, Hiram . . Munis, J. McGuire, Rufus . McKnight, Jas. . . McFarland, Rod'k McDermott, L. A. Minich, V. D. Newspigel, Jos. . Peterbough, Alex. Rank Private Date a: < w OF MUSTKR NTO SkRVICK S Aug. i8. '61 Aug. i8, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. Aug. 18, 18, '61 '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. Aug. 18, 18, '61 '6r Aug. Aug. Aug. 18, 18, 18, '61 '61 '61 Aug. 18, '61 Aug. 18, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. Aug. 18, 18, '61 '61 Aug. Aug. 18, 18, '61 '61 Aug. Aug. 18, 18, '61 '61 Remarks Killed May 9, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court Hou,se. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — disch. Aug. 10, 1862. Absent wounded at muster-out of Co. -Vet. Discharged Sept 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Taken prisoner at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862, and died Dec. 8, 1S62, from exposure while a prisoner. Discharged Nov. 16, 1861. Died Aug. 7, 1864, from wds. received at Fort Stevens, D. C, July 12, 1864. Died Dec. 23, 1862, from wds. received at Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 18, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — disch. June 17, 1863. Taken prisoner at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — deserted Feb. II, 1863. Disch. April 10, 1862 — re- en- listed May 4, 1864 — disch. on Surgeon's certificate of disa- bility May 15, 1865— Vet. Transferred to Co. A— must, out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Vet. Discharged Dec. 31, 1862. Mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865— Vet. Discharged April 9, 1862. Discharged May 24, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — disch. Sept. 6, 1862. Died Jan. 30, 1862, at Camp Graham. Died March 19, 1862 — buried in Military Asylum Cemetery, D. C. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3d, 1863 — disch. from hospital, date unknown. Deserted Feb. 11, 1863. Died May 20, 1864, from wounds. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862— mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Discharged Feb. 11, 1863. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862; also taken prisoner — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. 25S HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Namk Rank Date | >- OF Muster i | INTO Service , S Philip, Wm. H. , Pembridge, Jno. Peters, Oded . Pifer, jno. . . Ruger, Luther Sweeney, Jno. Shafer, Nathan Shiber, Jesse Schlabach.Jon'th'n Schultz, Jos. R. . . Stout, Theo. L. . Strop, George Stovers, Chest'rB. Seipel, Fred'k . . Sanders, Jacob . Sayer, Vincent D. Tanfeld, Thos. A. Tribble, Wm. F. Tucker, Thos. O. . Willard, Jno. . Wiley, John Wilcox, Geo. E. , Williams, Towns'd Wilcox, Crund'lA. Wilbert, John . Ward, Wm. H. Zaun, Charles Remarks Private . , Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug. i8, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug-. i8, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Jan. I, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Trans, to Co. F, Nov. i, 1864, as Sergeant — promoted ist Sgt., April 6, 1865 ; to 2d Lt., May i6,'65— mus. out with Co. June 28, '65, as ist Sgt — Vet. Died April 8, 1862. Discharged Dec. 4, 1862. Killed May j8, 1S64, near Spottsylvania Court House. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps Feb. 29, 1864. Mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Discharged Sept. 7, 1864, at ex- piration of term. Wd. at Fair Oaks May 31, '62— disch. Sept. 28, '64 — re-enlist'd March i, '65, in Co. C, 3rd V. R.C.- disch. Feb. 28, 1866. Discharged Sept. 7, 1864, at ex- piration of term. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — disch., date unknown — re-enlisted March 8, 1864 — discharged May 15, '65 — Vet. Wounded at Marye's Heights May 3, '63— died Dec. 23, '63. Died in Richmond, Va., June 6, 1862, from wounds received at Fair Oaks,Va., May 31, '62. Trans, to Co. H, ist Pa. Art. Killed in action near Charles- town, W. v., Aug. 21,, 1864. Wounded at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 — disch. Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Died May 25, 1863. Wounded and missing at Spott- sylvania, Va., May 12, 1864 — —killed. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Died May 27, 1864, from w'ds rec'd at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864. Mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Wounded May 12, 1864— absent in hospital at expiration of term. Discharged June 5, 1863. Died Dec. 19, 1861. Killed May 9, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court House. Deserted November 15, 1861. Killed May 9, 1864, at Spottsyl- vania Court House. Mu.stered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. PEXXSVLVAXIA VOLUXTEER IXFAXTRV. 259 COMPANT O— TRANSFERRED TO H, 61st. RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Name Rank D\TE 1 > OF MlSTER I INTO Service I ^ Remarks Robert L. Orr Captain Sept. 2, '61 Chas. L. Greene ist Lieut. , Sept. 2, '61 Geo. W. Wilson Chas. H. Clausen . Sept. 2, '61 Aug. 21, '61 John \V. Ryan 2d Lieut. Sept. 2, '61 Jno. P. Miller . Sergeant. Aug. 21, '61 Thos. J. Perkins . Geo. R. Coleman . Chas. F. Kennedy , " i James M. Craig . . Corp Trans, to Co. A — prom, to Maj. Dec. 18, '64 — wounded April 2, 1865, at Petersburg, Va. — promoted to Lt. Col. April 18, 1865, to Col., .May 14, 1865 — mustered out with Reg. June 28, 1865. Promoted to Capt., Co. 1, Oct. 7, 1862— trans, to Co. C — promoted to Lt. Col. May 15, 1865 — wound, at Winchester, \'a., Sept. 19, 1864 — mustered out with Regt. June 28, 1865. Promoted from 2d Lt. to ist Lt. Oct. 7, 1862, to Adj. March II, 1863 — killed at Spottsyl- vania Court House May 9, '64. Promoted from ist Serg. to 2d Lt. Oct. 7, 1862, to ist Lt. Sept. 12, 1863 — trans, to Co. E— pro. to Capt. Co. E, Oct.i, 1864 — wounded at Spottsyl- vania Court House May 12, 1864 — disch. Feb. 10, 1865, for wounds received in action. Promoted from ist Sgt., Oct. 7, '62, to 2d Lt. Sept. 12, 1863 — wounded at Spottsylvania Court House .May 12, 1864 — mustered out Sept. 13, 1864, at expiration of term. Wounded at Spottsylvania C'rt House May 10, 1864 — mus. out Sept. 7, 1864, at expira- tion of term. Killed at Wilderness May 6, 1864 — buried in Wilderness Burial Grounds. Trans, to Co. A — pro. to ist Lt. Nov. 14, 1864 — commissioned Capt. Dec. i, 1864 — not mus. — mustered out March 14. '65 — \'et. Aug. 21, '61 3 1 Pro. to Q. M. Sgt. June 20, '63, i toistLt. Oct. i,'64, Co. C; to I Q. M., Dec. i8,'64 — mus. out , : with Regt. June 28, '65— \'et. ! — ap'nt'dCapt..A.Q.M., U.S. Vols., March i, '65 — not mus. Aug. 21, '61 , 3 Wd. at Spottsylvania C.H., May 12, '64 — mus. out Sept. 7, '64, at expiration of term. Aug. 21, '61 3 ; Aug. 21, '61 ; 3 260 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Geo. Jardian James Robb Hugh Farley Jacob Miller . Joseph Holt . Jos. L. Biddle Edward Posey . . Wm. W. Ketchum Samuel Driver Richard McCabe Abrahams, I. L. Batt, John P. Bell, William . . Bird, Henry C. Brown, John . Boyer, Henry Bizzey, James . . Branan, Silas J. . Bird, Alfred W. Bicking, Geo. W. Bell, Thos. M. Berk, Jacob H. Barrett, John Bennett, Chas. F. . Carrol, Edwin A. Clark, Jos. H. Christy, Henry V. Campbell, Thos. Carpenter, Chas.G Cavenaugh, M. J. . Corporal. Musician. Private Sept. 4, '6r Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, '6i '6i '6i '6i '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, '6i '6i Aug. 26, '6i Sept. 4. '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug. 21, '6i Sept. 4, '6 1 Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug. 21, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Wounded at Spottsylvania C'rt House May I2, 1864 — absent in hos. at expiration of term. Prisoner from May 6, 1864, to Feb. 26, 1865 — mustered out March 3. 1865. Wounded — absent in hospital at expiration of term. Discharged Nov. 11, 1862, for wounds received at Malvern Hill, Va., July i, 1862. Died Nov. 11, 1S62. Died Jan. 28, 1862. Died Feb. 22, 1862. Deserted Dec. 7, 1862. Trans, to Co. A — promoted to Corporal — mus. out with Co. June 28, 1865.— Vet. Trans, to Co. C, 23d Pa., Feb. 28, 1862. Deserted Oct. 17, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, expiration of term. Wounded — absent in hospital at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, expiration of term. Killed at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864 — Vet. Deserted Nov. 17, 1861. Transferred to Co. A — muster'd out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Vet. Discharged on Surg, certificate, March 24, 1862. Deserted Feb. 5, 1862. Killed at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864. Killed in Wilderness, May 6, 1864; buried at Phila., Pa. — Vet. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Co. G., April 22, 1864 ; to ist Lieut., Aug. 5, 1864 ; to Capt., Sept. 5, 1864 — killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864. Died Jan. 2, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term of service. Transferred to Co. A — pro. to 2d Lieut., April 19, '65— mus. out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Vet. Discharged on Surg, certificate, June 6, 1862. Deserted Sept. 7, 1861. Deserted Sept. 7, i86r. Deserted Sept., 1861. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 261 Name Date OF Mustek INTO Service Remarks l~ Claney, John . Duddy, John M. Dalton, William . Davis, David H. . Doak, James . Doak, Samuel . Davis, Benj. F. Foley, F. James Frowert, John P. Fenoquio, Peter Fisher, Wrn. H. Fitzinger, James Gibson, Ed. H.. Ginther, David . Ginther, Geo. Girardine, Alph. L. Glaze, John . Harrison, Saul Hammond, Alex. Hooper, Harvey Hessell, Jos. Hinkle, Robt. R. Hurley, Redm'd . Hough, Geo. W. Jones, Wm. T. Private Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Aug. 26, '6 Aug. 21, '6 Aug. 21, '6 Aug. 21, '6 Aug. 21, '6 Aug. 26, '6 Aug. 21, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6: Sept. 4, '6 Sept. 4, '6 Transferred to Co. L, 23d P.V., Oct. 1, 1861. Wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864— absent in hospital at expiration of term. Deserted Feb. 14, 1862. Transferred to Co. A — pro. to Corp. Co. F, Nov. i, 1864 ; to Sgt., April 6, 1865— mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Vet. Discharged on Surg, certificate, June 6, 1863 Died Dec. 30, 186 1. Discharged on Surg, certificate, May 28, 1862. Wounded, with loss of arm — discharged Dec. 2, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 29, 1864, at expiration of term. Transferred to Co. A — pro. to Corp., April 2, 1865— mus. out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Discharged for wounds received at Chancellorsville, May 3, '63. Discharged for wounds received in Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864— Vet. Wounded and absent in hospi- tal at muster-out. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Captured in Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864 — transferred to Co. A — killed at Spottsyl- vania Court House, May 12, 1864. Discharged on Surg, certificate, March 25, 1862. Transferred to Co. F, 23d P.V., Oct. I, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Jan. 9, 1863. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Sept. 6, 1862. Killed at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 64— Vet. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Jan. 7, 1863. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V., Oct. I, 1861. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V., Oct. I, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. 262 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Name Date OF Muster NTO Service Remarks Jones, Geo. W. . . Johnson, Thos. . Johnson, Henry . . Kennedy, Edw. F. Lindsay, Jos. A. Lynch, James. Lutz, Geo. K. Moore, John, ist . Moore, John, 2nd . Maloney, W. H. Murray, Michael. . Moyer, Albert . . Murphy, Jere. H. . McGeoy, Thos. J. . McGrath, Chas. B. McCaughey, Thos. McKinley, David . Neville, Wesley M. Needles, Albert . Neveille, Geo. P. Neville, Fred'k A. Perkins, Wm. N. Pendergrast, Jas. . Robb, William . Ryan, Patrick Rice, William . Stine, John . Private Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. . 4, '61 Sept. 4, '6r Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. 21, '61 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 21-, '61 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 21, '61 4, '61 4, '61 4, '61 I, '61 26, '61 4, '61 4, '61 4, '61 4, '61 4, '61 Discharged Dec. 8, 1862. Killed at Malvern Hill, Va., July I, 1862. Killed at Charlestown, Va., May 21, 1864. Captured at Fairfax, Va., Sept. 17, 1863 ; in Andersonville Prison 13 months— trans, to Co. A — discharged April 25, 1865, to date Dec. 21, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864. Transferred to Co. A — absent in arrest at muster-out — Vet. Trans, to Co. A — promoted to Q. M. Sgt., Sept. 4, 1864 ; to ist Lieut., Co. G, Dec. 22, 1864 — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Deserted Nov. 26, 1861. Killed in Wilderness, May 6, 1864— Vet. Killed in Wilderness, May 6, 1864 Vet. Discharged on Surg, certificate, March 5, 1863. Discharged on Surg, certificate, June 10, 1862. Promoted to Sgt. Major — killed at Cedar Creek, Va., Oct. 19, 1864— Vet. Must, out Sept. 7, '64, re-enlisted U. S. N. '64— disch. Dec. '65. Killed at Spottsylvania C. H., May 12, 1864. Transferred to Co. I, 23d P.\'., Feb. 28, 1862. Died at Phila., Pa., Aug. 7, '62, of wounds received at Mal- vern Hill, Va., July i, 1862. Promoted to Hospital Steward, U. S. A. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Jan. 26, 1862. Transferred to Vet. Res. Corps, June 24, 1863. Promoted to Hospital Steward, 23d P. v., Sept. 25, j86i. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Discharged on Surg, certificate, Aug. 19, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Transferred to Co. R, 23d P.V., Oct. I, i86t. Wounded in action— mustered out Sept. 6, 1864, at expira- tion of term. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 263 Namk Swain, Morris S. Smitli, Chas. W. Scott, Henry Sewell, George , Tilden, Howard P. Taj lor, Wm. R. Vandever, Marsh' 1 Walls, Charles Wheelan, Thos. ]. Wilday, Edward Wainwright, Wm. Woodruff, Geo.W. Williamson, H. B. Rank Date OF Mustek INTO Service Remarks Private . ' Aug. 21, '61 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1S64, at expiration of term. Aug. 21, '61 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Sept. 4, '61 \ 3 Deserted ; returned ; disch. by ' sentence of Gen'l Court Mar- tial, Feb., 1864. Aug. 21, '61 I 3 Transferred to Go. A — pro. to Corp. — wounded Aug. 19, '64 I absent at muster-out — Vet. Sept. 4, '61 I 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at j expiration of term. Sept. 4, '61 I 3 Promoted to Principal Musi- cian, June 20, 1863 — mustered I I out Sept. 7, 1864, at expira- [ tion of term. Sept. 4, '61 3 Died Dec. 26, 1S61. Sept. 4, '61 ' 3 Wounded -absent in hospital I ! at muster-out. Sept. 4, '61 I 3 Discharged on Surg, certificate, Oct., 1S62. Sept. 4, '61 I 3 Discharged on Surg, certificate, Dec. 14, 1861. Sept. 4, '61 I 3 I Deserted July 27, 1864. Sept. 4, '61 ! 3 j Discharged on Surg, certificate, Jan. 28, 1863. Sept. 4, '61 3 Deserted March T3, 1S62. COMPANY P, 23d— G, 61st. RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHI.-V John \\'. Crosby Captain. '.Sept. 2, '61 1 3 1 Promoted Major, April 22, '64 I I — wounded at Fort Stevens, \ I July II, 1864 — mustered out Dec. 15, 1864 — re-commis- ' ' sioned Lieut. -Colonel, Feb. 22, '65 — killed at Petersburg, I I April 2, 1865. Wm. M, Dawson . " ' Nov. i, '61 3 Promoted from 2d to ist Lieut.. Dec. 8, 1862 ; to Capt., April 22, 1864 — discharged July 5, I I 1864, for wounds received at j Wilderness, May 5, 1864. \'. P. Donnelly " I Sept. 2, '61 3 Promoted from 2d Lieut., April ' 22, 1864, to ist Lieut.; to Capt., July 6, 1864 — wounded I I May 3, 1863, and May 12, '64 I — mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Jno. Barrett. " Sept. 4, '61 1 3 | Promoted from 2d Lieut, April I j 22, 1864, to ist Lieut., Aug. 5, ' 1864 ; to Capt. Sept. 5, 1864 —killed at Cedar Creek, Oct. I 19, 1864. Chas. H. Bewley " Sept. 4, '61 1 3 { Promoted from 2d Lieut., Co. j E, to Capt., Dec. 18, 1864 ; to Brevet-Major, April 2, 1865 — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865- Vet. 264 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Namk Rank Date OF Muster INTO Service Remarks Beiij. F. Haldeman Geo. K. Lutz . Abraham Davis Israel Highill . Jas. S. Everton Wm. H. Cochran. Jas. S. McElroy . . Wm. J. Duffy . Geo. L. Setman . Samuel Clark . John McVay Chas. F. Miller Wm. J. Nimon Jno. Gevard . David Williams . Edward O'Kane Jas. McCourt . . Geo. W. Gordon Geo. Mehaffy Jas. Stine. . Jos. Walker. Jos. Weston Jno. O'Connor Henry Bowie . Wm. Watt . . Armstrong, Wm. . Bradley, Patrick Bastine, Jacob Bennett, Henry Blake, Jno. Boice, Michael Beath, Robt . Bradley, Peter . Bastian, Jerome Barnett, Robt. ist. Lieut. 2d Lieut. I St Sergt. Sergeant. Corporal. Musician. Private Sept. 2, '6 1 Aug. 21, '6i Aug. 22, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug. I, '6i Aug. 13, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Aug. I, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '62 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Aug. 4, '61 Aug. 13, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 .Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Sept. 4, '61 3 Resigned Dec. 8, 1862. 3 Prom, from Q. M. Sergt. to ist Lieut., Dec. 22, 1864 — mus. out with Co., June 28, '65 — Vet. Prom, from Sergeant to 2d Lt., Dec. 22d, 1864 — mustered out with Co., June 28, '65 — Vet. Mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Mustered out with Co., June 28, 186s— Vet. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Promoted to 2d Lieut., Co. E, Mar. I, 1865 — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Vet. 3 Not on muster-out roll — Vet. 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Wound, at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864 — absent at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. 3 I Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. 3 Killed at Wilderness May 6, '64 — buried in Wilderness Burial Grounds. 3 Deserted, date unknown. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Died, date unknown. 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Wounded at Malvern Hill. 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. 3 Deserted, date unknown. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Not on muster-out roll. 3 Deserted, date unknown. 3 Killed at Malvern Hill. 3 Not on muster out roll. 3 Not on muster out roll. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 265 Name Rank Date OF Muster INTO Serv Caron, Louis F. . Cooper, Wm. B. Cooper, Dallas J. . Cummings, Jno.T. Connelly, Francis. Clinghasen, H. Crowthers, Mat'w. Dye, Thos. Dunn, Wm. J. . . Donley, Jos. P. Donahue, Hugh Donahue, Jas. Dunbar, David . Dyer, Louis. Duross, James Eastwick, Theo. Evans, And. G. Fleming, Wm. J. . Fallowfield, Chas. Gaul, Jas. . . Genaire, Philip . Gorman, Dan' I W. Hoyendogler, S. J. Harris, Robt. . . . Harris, Jos. Jacobs, Herman Jones, Thomas . Kidders, O. C. . Lowther, Chas. . Lewis, Geo. W. Layre, Henry . . Litzenberger, Jos. Lefferty, James Lawson, J no. . . Mullen, Geo. Moore, Edward . Medill, Geo. Private Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 4, Sept. 4, Remarks 6i Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — not on muster-out roll. Wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 8, 1864 — absent ac expi- ration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Not on muster-out roll. Wounded May 6, 1864 — absent in hospital at expiration of term. Prisoner from May 8 to Dec. 13, 1864 — mustered out Dec. 18, 1864, at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Wd. at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864— absent at expiration of term. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Absent, sick, at expiration of term. 266 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT NA M K Mehaffy, Jno. . Miller, Herman . Myers, Dan'l . Morrow, John Maron, Wm. . McBride, Wm. McBride, Andrew. McNannaman, P. . McCarty, A. H. McMahon, E. F. McClintoch, Jos. NcNichol, Jno. O'Kane, Edward . O' Bryan, Jno. Pine, W. M. Reed, Henry Russell, Sam'l Rementer, Jno. Sobbee, Walter Sparks, Chas. Showers, Michael . Seller, .A.ua;. R. Simpson, Sam'l G. ■Smith, Henry . . Watt, David P. . . Williams, Robt. Welsh, Jno. . Walker, Sam'l W^allace, John Rank Private Date OF Muster UJ > \ Remarks INTO Service Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 4, '6i 4, '6i 4> ■6i 4. '6i 4. ■6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4. '6i 4, '6r 4. ■6i 4. '6i 4, '6i 4. '6i 4, ■6i 4. '6i 4. '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Deserted, date unknown. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Not on muster-out roll. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted, date unknown. Wounded, July 12, 1864 — absent at expiration of term. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Not on muster-out roll. Trans, to Co. E from 2d Lt. Co. F, Jan. 8, '65, to 1st Lt. and Adj., Apr. 6, '65 — mus. out withRegt. Jan. 28, 1865— Vet. Not on muster-out roll. Deserted — date unknown. Deserted — date unknown. Not on muster-out rolls. Not on muster-out rolls. Deserted, date unknown. Re-enlisted — disch. June 28, '65 —Vet. COMPANY R, 23d— I, 61st. RECRUITED AT PHILADELPHIA Geo. W. Mindil Chas. .S. Green . Captain . Oct. 5, '61 Sept. 2, '61 Alfred Moylan Wm. R. Jones R. R. Lippincott ist Lieut. , Oct. 20, '61 Oct. 20, '61 Sept. 4, '61 Resigned, Oct. 6, 1862. Promoted from ist Lieut., Co. H, to Capt, Oct. 7, 1862— transferred to Co. C — pro- moted Lieut. Colonel, May 15, 1865 — wounded at Win- chester, Va., Sept. 19, 1864 — mustered out with Regiment June 28, 1865. Died July 8, 1862, of wounds received in action. Promoted from 2d to ist Lieut., July 10, 1862 — resigned Dec. 6, 1862. Promoted from Serg. Major to ist Lieut., Sept. 12, 1863 — wounded at Spottsylvania Court House, May 10, 1864 — mustered out Sept. 3, 1864, at expiration of term. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 267 Name Samuel Long . . Sam'l P. Stewart . \Vm. A. Davis . Jos. C. Brown Edw. ]. Grant W'm. Lindsay . Henry W. Wise . . Thos. A. Hicks . Harry Anthony . . Robt. Caistairs . . Jas. McCrudden . Wm. Davis . Wm, Matlack S. B. Thompson . . Attwood, Daniel . Albertson, Levi B. Beman, John M. Bowman, Jos. Bellew, Jas. Branson, Sam'l Caldwell, Geo. Cochran, W. Henry Rank 2d Lieut. I St Sgt. Sergeant. Corporal. Private Date OF Muster INTO Service Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 4, '6i 22, '6i 4, '6i 4- 4, '6i '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, '6r 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Dec. Sept. Sept. 4, '6t i,'6i 4, '6i 4, '6i Dec. I, '6i Sept. 4, '6i 3 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Remarks I I Promoted from Sergeant to 2d Lieut., July 10, 1862 — dis. June 8, 1863. Promoted from Sergeant, Co. D, to 2d Lieut., Nov. 22, '63 — wounded at Wilderness, '64 — mustered out Sept 3, 1864, at expiration of terni. Mustered out Sept 4, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster-out roll. Transferred Veteran Reserve Corps — date unknown. Killed at Charlestown, Va., Aug. 21, 1864. Wounded at Fort Stevens, Washington, D. C, July 12, 1864 — mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Wounded at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surgeon's certificate, date unknown. Killed at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864. Killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1S62. Wounded at Winchester, Va., Sept. 19,1864— not on muster- out roll — Vet. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Wounded at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862 -discharged on Surg, certificate, date unk'n. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Not on muster out roll . Discharged Nov. 17, 1862, on Surgeon's certificate for w'ds received. Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — discharged, date un- known, for wounds received at Fisher's Hill, Va., Sept. 21, 1S64. Deserted Dec. 12, 1863. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Deserted Feb. 2, 1862. Wounded at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862 — discharged on Surg, certificate. Feb. 1863. Wound, at Spottsylvania Court House May 12, 1864 — trans, to Co. C, Sept. 4, '64 — pro. Sergeant Co. G, Nov. i, 1864 — mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865.— Vet. 268 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Date a: < Name Rank OF Muster INTO Service 1 S d W t- Remarks Dick, Thos. B. . Private Dec. I, '6i 3 Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — discharged on special order, April 6, 1865 — Vet. Deacon, Howard . (( Dec. I, '6i 3 Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks,Va., May3i,'62. Disert, ]no. . . (( Dec. I, '61 3 Not on muster-out roll. Dubois, Robt. S. i I Dec. I, '6i 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Davis, Wm. (f Dec. I, '6i 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Nov. 21, 1862. Ennis, Isaac H. . 1 1 Dec. I, '6i 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Faust, Aug. It Dec. I, '6i 3 Discharged from wounds re- ceived at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863. Fisher, Jos. (( Sept. 4, '6i 3 Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864— promoted Corp., Jan. 5, 1865 — wounded April 2, '65— disch. July I9,'65— Vet. Farril, Wm. . (( Dec. I, '6i 3 Wounded at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863— deserted, date unknown. Garvin, Geo. . Sept. 4, '6i 3 Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — promoted to Sergeant Co. F, Nov. I, '64 — mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865 —Vet. Garvin, Edw. 1 1 Dec. I, '6i 3 Killed, July 12, 1864. Hansell, Milton . ( ( Sept. 4, '6. 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Hayes, Thos. ( ( Sept. 4,'6i 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Haffren Francis ( ( Nov. 27, '6i 3 Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Highhill, Israel Sept. 4, '6i 3 Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864— promoted to ist Serg., Co. G, Nov., 18^4 — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865 — Vet Hayes, Robt. E. . Sept. 4,'6i 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certifi- cate, Nov. 21, 1861. Hurley, Redm'd . (< Sept. 4,'6i 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate March 16, 1862. Hamilton, Geo. . ( ( Sept. 4, '6i 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate Nov. 21, i86i. Huff, Geo. W. ( ( Sept. 4, '6i 3 Deserted, Oct 9, 1861. Issamart, C. L. 1 ( Sept. 4, '6i 3 Killed at Fair Oaks, Va., May 31, 1862. Jeft'ries, Jno. Sept. 4, '6i 3 Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Jones, Wm. ( 1 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865— Vet. Jones, Tobias ' ' Sept. 4, '6i 3 Not on muster-out roll. Kline, Jos. . . (( Sept. 4, '6i 3 Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Kline, Wm. 1 1 Sept. 4, '6i 3 Deserted, date unknown. Kennedy, Michael. i< Sept. 4, '6i 3 Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862 Krep, Geo. . < ( Aug. I, -61 3 Deserted Sept. 22, 1862. Lynch, Geo. ' ' Nov. 23, '6i 3 Not on muster-out roll. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 269 Namh Rank Lowe, Jno. . Mahoney, Dennis . Millet, Wm. . . Mills, Jno. . . Maxwell, Chas. McGettigan, F. C. McCallister, Jas. McCarter, Jno. . Mcllravey, And'w McNeiarht, VVm. Orton, Jas. F. Powers, Richard Piatt, Jno. J. Pope, Harrison W. Pigeon, Jas. Rice, Wm. Rice, Felix Riley, Benj. S. Sands, N. B. Smith, Wm. Snowden, Jas. . Swain, Philip . Taylor, Jos. . Thompson, Jno. Willis, Fred'k Wallace, Jas. White, Samuel Weaver, J. . York, James . Private. Date OF Muster INTO Service Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, '6i '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, '6i '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, '6i '5i Dec. 7, •6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, '6i '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, ■61 '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4. '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. 4, '6i Sept. Sept. 4, 4, '5i '6i Nov. 28, '6i Remarks at at Died June s, 1862. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks, May 31, 1862. Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Discharged Oct. 25, 1861 — minor. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864 expiration of term. Died of wounds received Fair Oaks May $1, 1862. Not on muster-out roll. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864— promoted ist Sgt. May 12, 1865— mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Killed at Fair Oaks May 31, '62. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4. 1864 — mustered out with Co. June 28, 1865— Vet. Deserted Nov. 24, 1864. Discharged, date unknown — minor. Discharged for wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate April 3, 1862. Died July 26, 1862— buried in Cypress Hill Cemetery, L. I. Not on muster-out roll. Discharged of wounds received at Fair Oaks May 31, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 7, 1864, at expiration of term. Transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — prom. Sgt. May 18, '65 — mustered out with Co., June 28, 1865— Vet. Wounded — transferred to Co. C, Sept. 4, 1864 — discharged June 3, 1865, for wounds re- ceived in action — Vet. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. Deserted, Oct. 5, 1861. Killed at Wilderness — buried in Wilderness Burial Grounds. Discharged on Surgeon's certi- ficate, date unknown. OFFICERS— SURVIVORS' ASSOCIATION, 1903--1904. "S o o i? WM. H. HANTOM, Treasm-er. REV. JAMES G. SHINN, COL. JOHN F. GLENN, Chaplain. President. C(JL W J. WALLACE, FRFD P. SIMON, Vice-President. Vice-President. THOS. I. CHADWICK:, WM. J. WRAY, JOHN HENDERSON, RecordinjT^ Secrelar>. Secretary. Financial Secretary-. 70 PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. :i71 Survivors' A.ssociation T"wenty-tKird Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry THE first meeting of the regiment after its muster out was at the call of the State of Pennsylvania for the turning over to the State of the battle flags. It participated as an organiza- tion in the grand parade on that occasion, July 4th, 1866, this being one of the greatest days in the history of Philadelphia. The parade was through the principal streets thronged with people, the veterans being closed in mass in Independence Square and as each regiment was called by number, its colors, that had been presented by the State, were turned over to Governor Andrew Curtin to be deposited at the State Capitol. As an organization it attended the funeral ceremonies and acted as escort at the burial of Major-General George B. McClel- lan, and Major-General George G. Meade, late Commanders-in- Chief of the Army of the Potomac. It escorted at 7 o'clock in the morning the remains of its old colonel, General Thomas H. Neill, to Broad Street Station, en route for burial at West Point. It contributed and participated as an organization at the dedica- tion of the monument to General John Sedgwick, at the Wil- derness, who was killed May 9, 1864, and to General H. G. Wright at Arlington, its old Corps commanders, and the monu- ment to its Division Commander, General David A. Russell, at Winchester, who was killed leading the charge, September 19, 1864. It attended the burial of its comrades within the city limits and vicinity. With its membership and friends it raised the funds and erected a monument to the command at Gettys- burg, where the regiment was engaged on July 3, 1863. It was dedicated August 6, 1886. On this occasion three hundred and fifty survivors and ladies and friends participated. The Bat- tlefield Association at first refused their position at Gulp's Hill, claiming no record of the regiment or brigade being in that position, but suggested that they had the right to place the monument at the right and rear of Little Round Top, or to the left of Meade's headquarters on Taneytown Road to the rear of the left centre. While they were in both positions under fire, the only part of the field the regiment was engaged was at Gulp's Hill. After building up a claim to this position, it was so strong 272 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT that Colonel Batchelder, who had charge of the location of positions, went to Washington to hunt up General Shaler's re- port of the action. It could not be found in the Sixth Army Corps' reports, but in looking over the Twelfth Army Corps' papers it was found, and with an apologetic letter from Bat- chelder, containing "the legend of the frght, extract from Gen- eral Shaler's, the brigade com- mander's report," the position at Gulp's Hill was granted. This omission on the part of the official reports of the Army of the Potomac General Shaler called attention to General Meade at an army reunion at Providence, R. I., in i86u. Meade expressed his regrets and referred him to General Wheaton, then living, who commanded the Third Divi- sion, Sixth Corps, in which the Twenty-third was part at Gettysburg, but while Wheaton also regretted the omission and promised to have it rectified, up to that time it had not been done. When Pennsylvania appropriated $1500 to each of her commands that participated in the action at Gettysburg, for the purpose of the erection of a monument on that field, where they had been engaged, the Battlefield Commission suggested they have erected a monument to the right of Little Round Top or to the left of Meade's headquarters. As they had already placed a monument at Culp's Hill, where they had been engaged, they decided to further beautify it by the placing of a statue of a Birney Zouave on the shaft of the tablet. This the Commission consented to do and the monument was rededicated on the day of the dedication of Shaler's Brigade Monuments. It participated as an organization at the dedicator}' cere- monies of Pennsylvania Monuments, Gettysburg, September 12, 1889, for parade and review. On the occasion Colonel John F. Glenn was marshal of the Fifth Division, composed of WILLIAM FIXLE\', Co. K. PENNS^'LVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 273 infantry regiments engaged in the battle with the Sixth Corps, Lieutenant-Colonel William J. Wallace, commanding Twenty- third Pennsylvania Volunteers, and William Bartley " Com- pany A," was one of the special aides to the chief marshal. The organization has held monthly meetings each year until 1 890, since holding stated meetings quarterly. Nearly all its members belong to the Grand Army of the Repub- lic, Loyal Legion or LTnion Veteran Legion, participating with these societies in their work. Annual reunions have been held upon the anniver- sary of each of the actions the regiment participated in. The association is com- posed of honorably dis- charged soldiers of the Twenty-third, Pennsylvania Volunteers, and honorably dis- charged soldiers and sailors who were transferred from the Twenty-third. OLIVER T. ECKFJRT, Regimental Com.-Sergt. Survivors' Association OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VOLS. Preamble. We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, being honorably dis- charged soldiers of the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Vols. , for the purpose of fostering the ties of comradeship (cemented in the camp and field), by mingling together once a year around the camp- fire, do hereby organize the Survivors' Association of the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Vols. , and adopt the following laws for its government. ARTICLE I. Section i. The name and title of the Association shall be Survi- vors' Association of the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Vols. 274 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Sec. 2. The stated meetings of the Association shall be held on the second Tuesday evening of February, May, August and Novem- ber. A stated meeting may also be held on the evening of the reunion. ARTICLE II. Section i. A person to be entitled to membership shall be an honorably discharged soldier of the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsyl- vania Vols. , or an honorably discharged sailor or soldier who has been transferred from the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Vols. Sec. 2. The title of an honorably discharged soldier or sailor is to be determined from the records of the Adjutant-General's office, U. S. A. , or Navy Department. ARTICLE III. Section i. The officers shall consist of a President, two Vice- Presidents, a Recording Secretary, a Corresponding Secretary, a Financial Secretary, a Treasurer, a Chaplain and a Council of Admin- istration. Sec. 2. The Council of Admin- istration shall consist of twelve mem- bers — one from the field and staff, and eleven from the membership of the regiment. Sec. 3. The Council shall or- ganize immediately after their elec- tion and select the date of the an- nual meeting and reunion, which shall occur on the anniversary of one of the different engagements in which the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Vols, participated, and report the same to the meeting on the night of their election. Sec. 4. The Council shall find a room for the annual meetings, and arrange for a camp-fire on that occasion, and be empowered to raise funds to defray the expenses of the annual reunion. Any moneys remaining in their hands, after the payment of all bills, shall be turned over to their successors. Sec. 5. The nomination and election for officers shall take place on the regular stated meeting night of November of each year. ARTICLE IV. Section i. The President shall preside at all the meetings, pre- serve order and discipline, have control of the Association on all parades, and appoint aides. WM. D SLOAN, Sergeant Co. L PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 175 Sec. 2. The Vice-Presidents shall perform the duties of the Presi- dent in his absence. Sec. 3. The Recording Secretary shall keep a correct roll of the membership, keep accurate records of the proceedings of all meetings, and have charge of the By-laws. Sec. 4. The Corresponding Secretary shall attend to all corres- pondence and notify the members of the meetings, when requested to do so by the Association. Sec. 5. The Financial Secretary shall keep a just and impartial account of all moneys received by him, pay the same over to the Treasurer, taking his receipt for the same. He shall also make a list of all the delinquents and report the same one month prior to the annual meeting in November, and he shall have charge of the seal of the Association. Sec. 6. The Treasurer shall keep an accurate account of all moneys received by him, pay no money without an order signed by the President and attested by the Secretary, keep his books ready for examination, and make an annual report to the Association of its finan- cial condition. ARTICLE V. Section i. The President, at the annual meeting in December, shall appoint two tellers (neither of whom shall be a candidate) to conduct the election of officers for the ensuing year. The President shall be the judge of the election, and it shall require a majority of all the votes cast to constitute an election. Sec. 2. In case no candidate has a majority on the first ballot, the candidate having the lowest number of votes shall be dropped ; and so on at each succeeding ballot. ARTICLE VI. Section i. The dues of the Association shall be one dollar per year, payable on or before the annual meeting in November, to defray the expenses of the Association. Sec. 2. Any member conducting himself in a manner unbecom- ing a gentleman and a soldier at the annual meeting, banquet, or on parade, may be expelled by a vote of the Association. JAMES PATTEKSON, Co. A. 2Hi HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ARTICLE VII. Section i. Upon the death of a member, it shall be the duty of the Corresponding Secretary to notify the members of the Association of the time and place of the funeral through the mails. Sec. 2. It is expected of all comrades to attend the funeral of a deceased member, and that the badge of the Association be worn. ARTICLE VIII. Section i. No alterations or amendments to these By-laws shall be considered without a notification to each member, of the proposed change, at least one month before being acted upon. Sec. 2. No portion of these By-laws shall be stricken out unless by a two-thirds' vote of the members present. The following are the officers for the year 1903- 1904. President, Colonel John F. Glenn. Vicc-Preside7its, Colonel Wm. J. Wallace, Fred P. Simon. Corresponding Secretary, William J. Wray. Recording Secretary, Thomas J. Chadwick. Financial Secretary , John Henderson. Treasurer, William H. Bantom. Chaplaiti, Rev. James G. Shinn. Council of ^-\dmi)iistration, James McGinnis, Robert Newberg, Daniel Graeber, John Rumney, GoTLEiB Staiger, Charles F. Huber, William F. Farran, John S. Linton, Joseph McKinney, Philip Stengle, George F Peifer, Richard J. Miller. We insert a brief of several of the reunions that were held in celebration. COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION. 1903— 1904. WILLIAM J. FARRAN. PHILIP STENGLE. JOSEPH McKINXEY. JOHN S. LINTON. GEORGE F PEIFER. ROBERT C. NEWEERG. CHARLES F. HUBER. JOHN RU.MNEV. JAMES Mc(;iNNlS. DANIEL GRAEBER. RICHARD J. MILLER. GOTLEIB STAIGER. ;!7S HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Reunion — Fair OaKs This reunion was held at Mannerchor Hall, Philadelphia, Pa., May 31, 1882. General Thos. H. Neill, then in command of the U. S. Army Post, at Jeffersonville, Missouri, came on to preside. His presence was one of unusual greetings, as it was the first time they had met since the close of the war. The following toasts were read : "The Day We Celebrate." The fields now waving with grain, twenty years ago to- day, were covered with the slain. Responded to by General Thos. H. Neill. "The Union Volunteer." A creation in time of war. The bone and sinew of the country in time of peace. Responded to by General Alex. Shaler, of New York. "Our Fallen Comrades." May we so guide our remaining march through life as to join them at the final review. " To Major General David B. Birney." Once our beloved Colonel whose memory we shall always cherish. During the reading of these two toasts the comrades remained standing. " The Third Battalion." Once the left wing of the Twenty-third. Sad was the part- ing. In the language of to-day, it was a cold day for us all when they left. How glad we are to have them with us. May we continue re-united. Responded to by Brevet Major General George W. Mindil. " The Sixty-first Pennsylvania Volunteers." Half of whom were once part of us. We feel proud of the part they took in making the brilliant record of that gallant regiment. Responded to by Lieutenant John W. Ryan. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTR^'. 279 " To Our New York Comrades." We send hearty greeting to the survivors of the First Long Island — the Chasseurs — and One Hundred and Twenty- second New York. May the bonds of fraternity, cemented while brigaded, never break asunder. Responded to by cheers upon cheers. " Company Q." Known in all commands, but not honored either by the paymaster or sutler. Responded to by Johnnie Conigan, Company " F." The oration was dehvered by Rev. James G. Shinn, the chaplain of the regiment. The paper was a masterpiece, being a most exhaustive review of the battle. "The Reunion of Cold Harbor" was celebrated by an excursion to Atlantic City by the sur- vivors and their families with a banquet at one of the hotels, at which impromptu speeches were made by Colonel Glenn, Chaplain Shinn, Dr. Roller, Colonel Wallace and others, with songs and music. This, with salt water bathing, and the many other pleasures to be had at this popular seaside resort, made the celebration a most enjoyable one. "The Reunion of Marye's Heights" was held at Belmont Mansion, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, Pa., the survivors, with their ladies and friends, going to the celebration in omnibusses. A valuable paper was read upon the action by our beloved chaplain, with one of General Shaler's speeches which we insert in the history. Among the toasts was that to the " Light Division," the Sixty-first Pennsylvania, Sixth Maine, Fifth Wisconsin, Forty-third New York, and Harns' Light Battery, the boys that wore the green cross of the Sixth Corps, and was responded to by Captain Chas. F Kennedy, of the Sixty-first Penn- sylvania, as follows : The history of the "Light Division", although brief, will occupy a page on the annals of the war brilliant with heroic deeds performed during the short but memorable campaign of 280 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT April and May, '63. Its organization dates from February 3, of that year, and was originally intended to have been com- posed of two Pennsylvania regiments, the Twenty-third and Sixty-first, two New York regiments and one each from Maine and Wisconsin, but for some reasons the Twenty-third was assigned to other duty and the Light Division organized — Sixth Maine, Fifth Wisconsin, Thirty-first and Forty-third New York, Sixty-first Pennsyl- vania and Harns' Light Battery of New York, the whole com- manded by General Piatt of New York. During the preparation for the spring campaign no un- usual event marked the history of the Division, snugly quar- tered near Belle Plains Land- ing, well fed and clothed (for Hooker was an excellent quar- termaster), no picket duty to supplied sutler's tent. The boys led the 27th of April with the gen- left with no little JAMES BROWN', Corporal Co. E. perform and a well an easy life of it. On eral orders to move, we broke camp and regret at the parting, marching to the banks of the Rappa- hannock near Franklin's Crossing. Our first light duty began with the carrying of pontoons, but inspired by the order of General Hooker "that we were now in a position to force Lee to fight on ground of our own selection or ingloriously flee to Richmond" we worked with a vim in the darkness of mid- night. A successful landing having been made, the Light Divis- ion advanced on Saturday, May 2nd, and after considerable skirmishing captured the Bowling Green Road in rear and southeast of the city of Fredericksburg. During the night Sedgwick was busily engaged in disposing his Corps for an attack in the morning along the heights made red with the blood of many brave fellows who went down in the terrible assaults made under the gallant Burnside. Looking back to the dreadful slaughter of December 13th, 1862, it was not sur- PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 281 prising that the faces of our men blanched as they scanned the enemy's strengthened position frowning with guns and glistening with bayonets, grand to look upon but terrible to -encounter. During the morning the Light Division was dis- persed over various portions of the line, preparatory to storm- ing the heights with the bayonet. To Pennsylvania fell the lot of storming Marye's Heights. The Sixty-first and Eighty-second Pennsylvania were selected as the "Forlorn Hope." Have you in your army experience ever been placed in a position in the front, when you knew the danger you were about to encounter, not the rush at double quick into line, not the sudden charge with the yell and hurrah of the exciting moment, but to coolly stand by and know that you have been ordered to charge into the jaws of death, to know that you have been ordered to go with the almost certain knowledge that you are to be sacrificed for the victory. Then and there is the time to test the courage of men. And there on that bright sunny Sabbath morning dawn, up in the streets of Fredericks- burg stood two regiments strip- ped for the battle — awaiting as a sense of relief the order to charge at precisely a quarter of eleven by the clock in the church spire. The column moved out on the road and in column of fours, the Sixty-first in the ad- vance and left in front followed by the Eighty -second, right in front, taking up the double quick, soon quickening to a run, and with a yell as if in defi- ance of the enemy's streng-th ■' ^ &'■ JAMES GIBSOX, JOUNMcCLUXG, went down across the bridge ^o, e. That suit of Blue and zouave. and up the heights until close enough to hear their voices as they seemed to laugh in mockery of our danger. Suddenly as if the gates of hell had opened, belched forth the fire of the enemy, artillery and infantry pouring down the narrow road- way, canister and bullets rattling like hail, and dealing death and making ghastly wounds. Can we stand this rain of fire. 282 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT or shall we go back or upward as if hoping for safety under the frowning wall ? We continued until the line, stunned and bleeding, halted, but for an instant as if to catch renewed courage and avenge the death of those who fell ; up, up they go, and the ringing cheers signalled the victory of the capture of Marye's Heights. Our losses were heavy. Spear, the brave, the cool and the gallant soldier fell bullet pierced and died without a struggle. There were many incidents of manly courage and braver)'. It must not be thought that this charge was all that was re- quired to carry the Heights of Fred- ericksburg. Simultaneously all along the line moved regiments and brig- ades in charging column and victory crowned Sedgwick's efforts. Onward to the second range of hills the enemy were driven and on to Salem Church, where, on Monday, the enemy re-enforced, attempted to gobble the Sixth Corps. You well remember the close of Monday, May 5th, how, almost sur- rounded by the enemy, the Sixth Corps having performed its share of the flight, without blunder or defeat, re-crossed the Rap- pahannock at Bank's Ford, not crestfallen, its plume as white as the morning of the battle, but disheartened because that for all this sacrifice nothing had been gained. Thus ended one of the best planned campaigns of the war. Never was an army so well prepared for victory, never was an army so disappointed at defeat. Here it was illus- trated that man proposes but God disposes. With the return of the army came the disbandment of the Light Division and we that had the honor feel proud to have worn the Green Cross of the Light Division, Sixth Corps. JESSE R. B. ROE, Cu. G. At the reunion in celebration of "Malvern Hill," among the many toasts were : "Couch's Division." As part of that old command we congratulate its survivors who gallantly held the left centre at Malvern — repulsing Ma- gruder's desperate charging columns. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 2.s:i "Abercrombie's Brigade." We touch elbows with the survivors of the Sixty-first and Eighty-second Pennsylvania, First Long Island and New York Chasseurs and recount with pride the gallant record they made while brigaded. "Malvern Hill." The last of the Seven Days' fight, a crowning victory of the memorable change of base, was responded to by General George W. Mindil as follows : "Mr. President and Comrades : What shall I say in reply to the sentiment of this toast? You have already listened to an accurate description of the battle and to a very interesting account of your regiment's participation therein — no words of mine can add to your Chaplain's picture of the action, nor could I as strikingly and eloquently give voice to the heroic deeds of your gallant regiment on that memorable day. The seven days of hard and ceaseless fighting, each day ending in a night of continuous marching over rough, narrow and treacherous roads, through almost impassable swamps the roads encumbered with lug- gage and artillery, \\ithdrawing silently, compactly, resolutely and defiantly from close prox- imity to an alert and enterpris- ing enemy, flushed with success and eager for your capture or destruction, furnishes the best evidence of the indomitable spirit and soldierly worth of the grand old Army of the Poto- mac, the Potomac Army of 1862, with which we were proud to be enrolled. That week of battles by day and marches by night was won by the matchless pluck and braver}', by the stajing qualities of the rank and file of that brave army. Malvern Hill, like Antietam and Gettysburg, like the Wilderness and the series of battles immediately preceding G. A. POMMER, ist Sergt. Co. H. 284 HISTORY OF THE TWENTV-THIRD REGIMENT the fall of Atlanta was won not by strategy or tactics ; not by general directions or officers' command, but by the fighting qualities of the private soldiers. In spite of incompetent leadership in the face of dire dis- appointment, consequent upon a failure to capture that which was already within grasp — in spite of the efforts and the losses, at Mechanicsville, at Gaines' Mills, at Savages, at the Orchards, in the White Oak Swamp, at Glendale, and at Charles' City Cross Roads, this gallant army of veteran sol- diers, was in its might, on the first day of July, and on the slope of Malvern Hill, inflicted upon a victorious and exultant enemy, upon rebel forces who charged their position with the fury of demons — a defeat, so bloody and so complete that had the commanding general been imbued with but an iota of the pluck and spirit of his soldiery, the memorable but forced change of base would have carried you along with the army over all opposition into the possession of the rebel capital. I was then serving upon the staff of the Marshal Ney of your army and I recall to-night most vividly a scene on Mal- vern's sanguinary field, just after the rebel legions had been hurled to destruction, when an aide from the commanding general delivered to my chief the order for retreat. Raising himself to his full height in the stirrups, his proud martial fig- ure revealing the beau ideal of a soldier, his courage on for- eign fields honored by the Cross of the Legion of Honor, upon his breast, and attested by the empty sleeve dangling by his side, his splendid soldiership, exalted bravery and unvaried success in the recent battles, the theme of every soldier in the army, his face crimson with anger as well as the excitement for battle, his eagle eye flashing contempt for the order, he said slowly, but distinctly so that all within hearing might hear, 'I, Philip Kearny, an old soldier, enter my solemn pro- GP:0RGE E. WEBB, Sergeant Co. K. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTR^'. 285 test against this order, which can only be prompted by cow- ardice or treason ; instead of retreating we should be advanc- ing for the rebel army and the rebel capital are at our feet.' Malvern Hill was won, the victory was ours but as at An- tietam and at Gettysburg the fruits of the success were not gathered. An unmolested retreat was assured, a new and impregnable base of supplies was secured and then after the army had united and had been reinforced and strengthened and was about to begin its new advance upon the rebel capital with every prospect of speedy success, an unaccountable order changing the direction of its march back- wards, the Peninsula was aban- doned and all the heroism, all the losses, all the sufferings of that Grand Army of the Potomac was brought to naught by its transfer back to the river of its name there to begin anew within sight of the nation's capital, a campaign or series of campaigns which after two years of most terrific fighting brought it back again very near to the spot where it won the crowning victory of the Seven Days' fight." WM. THOMAS, Drummer, Co. C. MONUMENT— TWENTY-THIRD PA. VOLS., OETTYSBURG. 2H() PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTR^■. 287 Dedication of Monximent at Gettysburg The survivors with their friends took a special train at Broad Street Station, August, 1886, to attend the dedication of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers' tablet at Gettys- burg. Headquarters was at the McClellan House. The party, numbering 350, held a camp-fire at the Court House, pre- sided over by Colonel Glenn and the next morning marched to Gulp's Hill, where the monument was dedicated. The following was the address of the President, Colonel John F. Glenn : " Survivors of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers and friends : We have met to-day to dedicate a monument to the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers. While we have the right to place a tablet at the right and rear of Little Round Top and to the left of Meade's Headquarters in the rear of left centre, it was here at Gulp's Hill where we were engaged and it is fitting that we should place our tablet on this spot where our casualties were the greatest in this battle. Our friends have been legion not only in contributions but by their presence on this occasion and we most sincerely thank them. Gettysburg is destined to be the Mecca for all Americans and you have in this day's work contributed to the preservation of this field as well as by inscription on this monument, in a concise way, proclaimed the record of the Twenty-third. Gen- eral Shaler has expressed the wish that the old brigade be organized so that their monuments may be placed on Gulp's Hill and our organization will assure him that we shall render all assistance to bring the matter to a successful conclusion. As President of your organization I greet and con- gratulate you one and all, and will now introduce the sec- retary, who will present the tablet to the Battlefield Asso- ciation." After music by the band the tablet was unveiled. The sec- retary was then introduced who delivered the dedication address in turning the monument over to the Battlefield Association. 288 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Secretary William J. Wray then delivered the following- address : Friends and Survivors of the Twenty-third Pennsylvaiiia Volunteers: We have assembled here upon this historic field, to dedicate this massive granite work of art, as a tablet, marking the position held by the Twenty-third Pennsylvania dur- ing part of the third day of the battle. Proudly we find you have wisely inscribed upon its sides not only the legend of its part borne in the action, but a concise history of the old command. As we read of its muster-in and muster-out, how our memories go back to the good-byes and God- speed greetings from our relatives and friends who came to see us ofT to the war and as we returned, to be welcomed by the Henry Guards and the fourteen companies of the old Volunteer Fire Department, of Phil- adelphia, with its thousands of citi- zens to greet you as you passed through its streets; by the kind, women of Philadelphia in a collation at the Cooper's shop, and reception and parade. Looking down the long list of battles you have passed through, we recall the marches and horrors of war, which reminds us that all did not return, and as we read the review of the action on the third base and front of the tablet, we recall one of the grandest marches in history, either ancient or modern ; that of the old Sixth Corps,, from Manchester thirty-seven miles to Gettysburg. You, that were in that march, will never forget it, and on its arrival on the field, how the Corps pushed to the front just as the attack of Longstreet at the Round Top had been repulsed, only one brigade of the Corps becoming en- gaged. The Corps was honored by being held as the reserve of the army during the action, consequently only a few regiments and batteries- became engaged, but never had the reserve troops of the army been so close to the front and continuously under fire than the Sixth Corps during the second and third of July, '63. Some writers of history inform us, that had Pickett' s charge been well supported and had he succeeded in breaking our Hne at the left centre, the tide of the battle would have been in favor of Lee. Not so, for the Sixth Corps was well in hand, ready and anxious to take part in the repulse, but they didn't get a chance, as the troops on that line EDWARD A. CULBERTSON, Co. G. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 289 " weren't breaking that day " and then the same historians state that during Pickett's charge, had Jeb Stuart succeeded in his dash around our right, the army would have become panic stricken, but the fact re- mains that away off on the right was one of the brigades of the Sixth Corps under General Thomas H. Neill, our old colonel, to watch and intercept just such ventures, but the Corps didn't get the chance to stop Jeb, for our cavalry, under one of Pennsylvania's proud sons, General D. McM. Gregg, took good care of them and sent them back to their lines. While the Corps was here during the two days of the action, it was only by chance that any part of them became engaged. Our bri- gade, " Shaler's," composed of the Sixty-fifth New York, the " Chass- eurs," Sixty-seventh New York, First Long Island, Eighty-second Pennsylvania Infantry, One hundred and twenty-second New York and Twenty-third Pennsylvania, on arriving on the field moved into support- ing position near Little Round Top. In the early morning of the third, it was, by order of General Sedgwick, reported to General Geary, commanding the Second Division of the Twelfth Corps, as a support to his division, who were then engaged in driving out the enemy, who occupied the breastworks on this hill, "Culp's," that had been tempo- rarily abandoned, the evening before, while Geary had gone over to Round Top. The brigade marched out the Taneytown Road and crossed the field coming into posi- tion in a rocky ravine. The brig- ade massed behind a clump of woods. It was while here, that a staff officer of Geary's Division, took a detail of five companies under Lt. -Col. Glenn and placed them in the breastworks, the men being deployed and advanced into them under severe fire, it being the intention to cross the works at the call of the bugle, to feel the enemy, there having been a lull in the firing, but as the enemy's position having been un- covered, these companies became engaged. This was during the heavy sheUing, prior to Pickett's charge. During the charge, the regiment, with the brigade, moved off to support the Second Corps at the left centre, passing through a most terrible storm of shot and shell, equivalent to charging a battery. This being the position that the regi- ment was engaged while occupying the breastworks, they have selected ALEXANDER JOHNSON, Corporal Co. F. I'HO HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT this site where the tablet is now placed, to mark their position, showing it to have been one of the relieving regiments, and in doing so we claim no honors that belong to the gallant Second Division of the Twelfth Corps, who so bravely and gallantly held the works they had built. During some of the most desperate charges of the action, one of the incidents that occurred, was that when the regiment moved off to the support of the Second Corps during the heavy shelling, that " H" Company was left behind and it was not discovered until the regiment stacked arms that night. Captain Craig, one of the bravest and best line officers in the regiment, who commanded the company, did not receive the order to retire, and remained until he did. As we read the names of our Corps, Division, Brigade and Regi- ment Commanders, we find that many of them have been called to the encampment above. Among those who were killed, was that gallant soldier Sedgwick, in the Wilderness ; the hard fighter, Russell, at Winchester, while General Birney, our beloved Colonel, who rose to command an Army Corps, was called home to die from disease con- tracted in the field, while those who li\'ed to see the nation restored and have since died, are Patterson, Cadwalader, Wheaton, Thomas, Abercrombie, Ely and our own Thomas H. Neill. Among the living are General Keyes, who resides at San Francisco, Franklin and Couch, at Hartford, Conn., Buell, at Louisville, Ky. , Newton, Shaler and Cochran, New York City ; Edwards in Iowa and Glenn at Philadel- phia. May they have prosperity and plenty, and live to a good old age. As to the boys, the death roll is a long one, both during the ser- vice and since. May the survivors march along the road of life, cheered with plenty of good store, until we all are mustered out. To our friends who have been so kind in assisting us to erect this tablet to the memory of the old Command, they have our most grateful thanks. In their names and that of the survivors of the Twenty- third Pennsylvania Volunteers, I now deliver this tablet. May the country never again be called to arms, but peace and prosperity exist for all time to come. General Alexander Shaler, who commanded the brigade of which the Twenty-third was a part, who had been selected as the orator, then delivered a most able oration, giving a concise history of the regi- ment's services, and while he had learned that it was at first in dispute that the regiment's monument should be placed at Gulp's Hill, he had brought with him the report of its colonel, written on July 4, 1863, containing the names of two officers and twenty-nine enlisted men who had been killed and wounded while in the action, and he was glad to note the matter had been adjusted and that the Twenty-third's monu- ment was now in position where it was engaged. PENNSYLX'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 291 Re-dedication of tKe Twenty-tKird Pennsyl- vania Monument at Gettysburg, June, 1888 The State of Pennsylvania, having appropriated $1500 for the erection of a monument to each of the commands from the Keystone State that participated in the battle of Gettysburg, the design selected by the Twenty-third was a granite statue of a Birney Zouave, to surmount their monument erected in 1886 at Gulp's Hill. Upon this occasion the survivors of Shaler's Brigade and their friends came on special trains to dedicate the monuments of the Twenty-third and Eighty-second Pennsylvania, Sixty-fifth New York, " The Ghasseurs", Sixty- seventh New York, "The First Long Island" and One Hundred and Twenty-second New York. The reunion of three days was a most pleasant and happy one, it being the first time the brigade had met since mustered out. The Twenty-third acted as the host, keeping open house, and in honor of the event gave a grand complimentary ball in the Rink Building. At the camp-fire held in the Gourt House, the brigade committee selected the secretary of the Twenty -third to preside ; quite an honor and compliment to the regiment. On the march out to the dedication grounds, the battle- flags of the regiment were carried by Gomrades David Golville, and William H. Bantom, of Philadelphia, and John Moffitt, of Pittsburg, Pa. The exercises at the dedication opened with music by the McKnightstown Band, followed by the Rev. Dr. H. W. Mc- Knight, President of the Gettysburg Gollege — a veteran of the Sixth Gorps — who eloquently delivered a fervent prayer. Golonel John F. Glenn, of Philadelphia, President of the Survivors' Association, Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, then delivered the following address : COLONEL JOHN F. GLENN'S ADDRESS. Comrades of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers and Friends of Shaler's Brigade : " We assemble here to-day to unvail a Statue that surmounts our Monument, that we had the honor to dedicate some two years ago, and it is with feelings of gratification that I extend congratulations to m >• H W O H < h a D o o •z o < u 5 w c < X I 2: c to o > > PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 293 the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers and Comrades of Shaler's Brigade, for such a large attendance of their survivors on this hallowed ground — and in their name I most heartily thank our friends who have honored the occasion by their presence. To the State of Pennsyl- vania we extend our grateful thanks for the gift which I now unveil, that of a Birney Zouave — and in saying this I assure the Common- wealth of Pennsylvania of the grati- tude of all the Survivors of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volun- teer Infantry." The Statue was then unveiled amid the applause of the crowd and music of the bands, by the follow- ing ladies : Mrs. Colonel John F. Glenn, Mrs. Colonel William J. Wallace, Miss Emma Wray, (daughter of the Secretary) of Philadelphia, Mrs. Captain James M. Craig, of Allegheny City, and Mrs. John Moffitt, of Pittsburg. After order was restored. Presi- dent Glenn introduced Comrade William J. Wray, of Philadelphia, Secretary of the Survivors' Association, Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, who presented the Statue to the Battlefield Memorial Association in the following address : JOHN GIBSON', Corporal Co. G. WILLIAM J. WRAY'S ADDRESS. Mr. Secretary arid Members of the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association: On August 6, 1886, the Survivors' Association of the Twenty-third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, and their friends, had the honor to dedicate and turn over to the keeping of your Association this Tablet, that marks the position of the Twenty-third during the action of July 3, 1863. On that occasion, General Alexander Shaler, as orator of the day, after reviewing the action at Gettysburg, and history of the Regiment, in most eloquent words, generously paid tribute to the com- mand as its Brigade Commander. Since that time the State of Pennsylvania having appropriated the sum of $1,500 to each Pennsylvania command that participated in the action for the erection of monuments, our Association appointed the required committee and selected a design of a Statue to surmount 294 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT their Tablet. The Pennsylvania State Commission on Gettysburg Monuments having approved of our selection, the work was ordered done, and we are here to-day to transfer to the keeping of the Battle- field Memorial Association, this granite work of art, just unveiled— a Statue of a "Birney Zouave. ' ' You will observe the figure represents a youthful soldier, who advancing up the slope at trail arms, grasps his musket impulsively, as he sud- denly receives the fire of the enemy. It is quite a departure from the dress parade figure usually cut in granite, and while not regulation as to the position of the musket, it is realistic — thus showing the soldier under fire — and one more appropriate on a battlefield. The surroundings being woodland — the figure is sup- ported by a broken tree, appar- ently struck by a piece of shell — all details as to uniform and accou- trements have been brought artis- tically out, — and in placing this work of art in the keeping of your Association, we deem it a pleasant duty we owe to thank you for the faithful manner in which you have labored for the preservation of this field — and in the name of the Survivors of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry we gratefully acknowledge the gift of the State of Pennsylvania which so generously appropriated the funds for its erection. Secretary John M. Krauth, of Gettysburg, received the Statue on behalf of the Battlefield Memorial Association, in a brief address. Seventy-five ladies of the Twenty-third, as choristers, than sang the following verses of the National Hymn — "America." MICHAEL McCORMIGK, Co. A My country ! 'tis of thee, Sweet land of liberty, Of thee I sing : Land where my fathers died ! Land of the Pilgrim's pride From every mountain side Let Freedom ring ! My native country, thee. Land of the noble free. Thy name 1 love ; I love thy rocks and rills. Thy woods and templed hills ; My heart with rapture thrills, Like that above. Let music swell the breeze. And ring from all the trees Sweet freedom's song : Let mortal tongues awake ; Let all that breathe partake ; Let rocks their silence break, The sound prolong. Our fathers' God, to Thee, Author of Liberty, To Thee we sing ; Long may our land be bright With Freedom's holy light ; Protect us by Thy might. Great God, our King. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 295 With music of the band, and everybody joining in the singing, the inspiring melody that went up in the woods, made a scene long to be remembered. Then followed the singing of the ' ' Doxology. ' ' Praise God, from Whom all blessings flow ; Praise Him, all creatures here below ; Praise Him above, ye heavenly host ; Praise Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. Benediction was then pronounced by the Rev. H. W. McKnight. Taps was then sounded on the bugle by Bugler Blanck, of Philadelphia. GENERAL SHALER'S ORATION. Comrades of the Old Brigade, Ladies ajid Gentlemen: We meet to-day upon historic grounds. Some of us have met here before. Twenty-five years ago, within a few days, two great armies confronted each other in this vicinity. One in defense of State Rights, the other in defense of United States Rights. One assaulted' the Union, the other defended it. I shall not attempt to describe, in full, the great battle which en- sued, relate the causes which led to it, nor discuss the effect upon the country of the resulting victory of the Union Army ; but content my- self with a brief synopsis of the part taken in this and other battles by that portion of the Sixth Corps in which we had the honor of serving. Let us go back to the autumn of 1 86 1. The "tocsin of war had sounded." The cry to arms had reverberated throughout the land. Fathers, husbands, brothers and sons turned their backs upon their children, their wives, their parents and all that was dearest to them on earth, and rushed impulsively to the defense of the Union. To show how spontaneous and how general this outburst of patriotism was, it may be stated, that between July 27, 1861, and October 27, (a period of three months) there were added to the army, than organizing, about 120,000 men ; and that in December following, there were in the vicin- ity of Washington, and in the Shenandoah Valley, over 200,000 men in battle array. PATRICK HICKEV, Co. F. L'9f) PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 297 Washington and its suburbs was one grand encampment. Troops from every loyal State were being marshalled and prepared for active service. General George B. McClellan, whom we familiarly called "Little Mac," owing to his success in West Virginia, in the summer of 1 86 1, had been called to Washington to organize and command an army for the double purpose of defending the Capital and of taking the field. As regiment after regiment arrived, they were organized into brigades and divisions without much reference to the States from which they came, and were encamped contiguous to each other. At Queen' s farm, on the Bladensburg road, just on the outskirts of the city, the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, Colonel Birney ; the Thirty-first Pennsyl- vania, which afterwards became the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, Col- onel Williams ; the Sixty-fifth New York, Colonel Cochrane, and the Sixty-seventh New York, Colonel Adams, were encamped and formed what was known as Graham's Brig- ade, under the command of Briga- dier-General Pike Graham, an of- ficer formerly of the United States Cavalry service. This Brigade formed a part of the Division com- manded by General Don Carlos Buell. As early as October, 1861, the organization of the army was practically completed, and from that time until April, 1862, when the Peninsula campaign was begun, were drilled and schooled in the practices of war. The monotonous routine of camp life was varied only by an occasional wild rumor of ap- proaching rebels, and a reconnais- sance of the surrounding country. With the exception of a skirmish at Lewinsville, Virginia, just be- yond Chain Bridge, in which a part of the Brigade (the Chasseur regi- ment) was engaged, the troops had so far experienced only the drudg- ery and the jollities of camp life. But this was ended in the spring of 1862, by the cry of "On to Richmond," when our Brigade, with the rest of the army, took transports at Alexandria, for Fortress Monroe. In the meantime the Sixty-first Pennsylvania, Colonel Rippey, had joined us. The campaign was begun with three Corps of the army, to wit : — the Second, commanded by General Sumner ; the Third, commanded by General Heintzelman, and the Fourth, commanded by General ELIAS LOMAX, Co. I. 29S HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Keyes. Couch's Division, to which we were attached, belonged to Keyes' Corps. Our advance up the Peninsula was slow and tedious, although no enemy was seen until we reached Yorktown. Pending the siege of that place we were occupied in watching Warwick River. »The battle of Williamsburg followed the evacuation of Yorktown, and our Brigade, after marching all day through a drizzling rain and mud ankle-deep, reached the battle- field in time to support some of Hooker's troops in making their final charge. Before we had advanced far enough from Fortress Monroe to see the enemy, General Graham was relieved from duty and Gen- eral Wessels, also of the regular army, put in command of the Brigade. General Wessels was in a short time succeeded by an- other regular officer. General Abercrombie, who was with us at Fair Oaks, and retained the command until after the second battle of Bull Run, fought by General Pope. We crossed the Chickahominy at Bottom's Bridge about the 25th of May, and advanced within five miles of Richmond, where, at Seven Pines and Fair Oaks, on the 31st of May, was fought the first import- ant and severe battle of the campaign. In this battle the regiments of our Brigade were separated. We were encamped along the Nine Mile Road, extending from Seven Pines, on the Williamsburg Pike, to Fair Oaks Station on the Richmond and York Railroad. Owing to the suddenness of the enemy's attack, the Twenty-third Pennsylvania and the Sixty-seventh New York, were thrown forward, while marching towards Fair Oaks on the Nine Mile road, into a dense pine grove on the left, through which the enemy was advancing. They succeeded, with the Thirty-first Pennsylvania and the Sixty -first Penn- sylvania, already in line, in checking that advance, but were subse- quently forced to retire with very heavy losses. In this onslaught the Sixty-first Pennsylvania lost its Colonel (Rippey) and was badly cut up. Their resolute stand, however, enabled the rest of the Brigade to reach Fair Oaks Station, where, after holding position a short time, the Thirty-first Pennsylvania and the Sixty-first Pennsylvania having previously taken position in advance of their camps near the railroad station, they were withdrawn under the personal supervision of General JAMES J. BOLfeSTRIDGE, • Co. K. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 299 Couch, the division commander, with a section of Brady's Battery, the Sixty-third New York, Colonel Riker, and the Seventh Massachusetts, Colonel Devens, along the road leading to the Grape Vine Bridge, as far as the Adams House. The Thirty-first Pennsylvania, the Sixty-iifth New York, and two companies of the Sixty-first Pennsylvania, which had been on the picket line, were posted in the order named on the right of the road facing and on the edge of a dense woods ; while the Sixty-second New York, Brady's guns, and the Seventh Massachusetts were posted in the order named on the left of the road, on a knoll overlooking an open field and flanking the woods along which the first-named regi- ments had been formed. The enemy's advance through the piece of woods was resolute and persistent. Regiment after regiment was brought forward to drive us back and get on the flank of Brady's guns, but without avail. The dogged tenacity with which the men of the Thirty-first Pennsylvania, the Chasseurs and the Sixty-first Pennsylvania clung to their position, outmatched the fierceness of the enemy's assault. Despairing of success in their efforts to flank the artillery, the enemy essayed a direct attack, but with no better success, although a few dead rebels were found within twenty yards of the muzzles of the guns. This attack was made about 2 o'clock in the afternoon, and so sudden that the Brigade Com- mander, General Abercrombie, was caught in the woods between the lines and received a slight wound in the face. Between 4 and 5 o'clock, the leading Brigade of Sedgwick's Division and Kirby's Battery of twelve-pounders, which had crossed the Chickahominy on the Grape Vine Bridge, arrived on the field. The infantry were posted on the right and in the rear of our line, and the artillery on the knoll beside Brady's two guns. Other infantry were put in position on the left of the artillery, and connection made with the troops which had been forced back by the impetuosity of the assault. Fresh troops were ad- vanced by the enemy and the battle raged until dark, but not an inch of ground was yielded. The conduct of our men in this battle furn- ishes an example of the benefits derived from proper instruction and JOHN MAXWELL, Captain Co. G. '300 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT rigid discipline. Under guidance of their officers, they reserved their fire until the enemy could be seen through the thicket in front of them. As a result, a large proportion of the shots were effective. The Chasseur regiment captured a battle flag and the next morning buried over one hundred rebels found in their front. The following day the Brigade was again united and moved to an advanced position. On the 26th of June the extreme right of our army at Mechanicsville was attacked by the rebels in force, and from that time until July ist, when the battle of Malvern Hill was fought, we ex- perienced all the trials and suffer- ings incident to a forced march of six days, without sleep, shelter or regular food. At Malvern Hill, our Division having been among the first to arrive was naturally assigned the most important position. There BROTHERS '^ ^ ROBERT AND WASHiNGTOM ELLIOTT, Several times It was assailed by the '~°- *-• rebels, who were repulsed with fear- ful loss. On the right of the line, held by Couch's Division, the Chasseur regiment was at one time compelled to change front under fire, and did it with such wonderful coolness and precision as to com- mand the admiration and the compliments of the Brigade commander. The six weeks' encampment of the Army of the Potomac at Harri- son' s Landing, on the James River, its transfer to the City of Wash- ington, the part it took in supporting Pope's army in the second battle of Bull Run, and its subsequent reorganization by General McClellan, furnish nothing of special note in reference to our Brigade, except that General John Cochrane, who had been promoted from the Colonelcy of the Chasseur regiment after the battle of Fair Oaks, was put in com- mand of our Brigade in the place of General Abercrombie, who had been assigned to duty at Centreville, after Pope's campaign, and Couch's Division was transferred to the Sixth Corps, then commanded by Gen- eral Franklin. In the reorganization of the army, early in September, while on the march, the One-hundred and twenty-second New York regiment. Colonel Silas Titus, was added to our Brigade, and we became the First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps. After the defeat of Pope, at Manassas, Lee boldly struck out north- ward, in the direction of Leesburg, necessitating great caution on the PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 30r part of McClellan, who had been again verbally placed in command of the troops about Washington, embracing those designated as the Army of Virginia. The battlefield of Antietam was reached by our Brigade early in' the afternoon of the 17th of September, after a tramp through Pleasant Valley and up to the top of Maryland Heights, in search of the rebel General McLaws, on one of the hottest days and over the dustiest road we had ever marched. At Antietam we relieved that part of the line- to the right of a corn-field and immediately in front of Dunker Church. This line we occupied until the morning of the 19th, when our Divis- ion was put in pursuit of the fleeing rebels, the rear guard of which we had a fight with, and drove across the river at Williamsport. McClellan' s tardiness after the battle of Antietam caused much uneasiness and great dissatisfaction with the authorities at Washington, and resulted in his being relieved at W^arrenton, and General Burnside being placed in command of the Army of the Potomac on the 9th of November, 1862. Upon the reorganization of the army which followed, General Couch was assigned to the command of the Second Corps and General John Newton was put in command of the Third Division, Sixth Corps. In the calamitous failure of Burnside' s attack on Fredericksburg, December 13th to the 15th, the Sixth Corps, then in command of Gen- eral W. F. Smith, popularly known as "Baldy Smith," formed a part of the Left Grand Division, commanded by General Franklin. We crossed the Rappahannock about three miles below the city,, near the Bernard House, and supported General Meade in his attack upon the enemy's right, without serious loss, although constantly under a heavy artil- lery fire. On the 20th of Jan- uary following, General Burnside considered that ' 'the 'auspicious moment had arrived' ' and issued his orders for recrossing the Rap- pahannock at Banks' Ford. No sooner had the troops broken camp than the rain commenced to fall in torrents, and, after floundering around a whole day, they returned to camp at night, having added nothing to our prestige or that of the commanding Gen- eral, and nothing to history, except the record of a "mud march." General Burnside' s retirement from the command of the army soon followed, and General Hooker, already known as "Fighting Joe" for TALKING IT OVER. 302 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT his gallant and persistent assaults upon the rebel earthworks at Wil- liamsburg, on the Peninsula, and at South Mountain and Antietam, superseded him. Then followed another reorganization of the army, in which the Sixty-first Pennsylvania was taken from our Brigade and made a part of the Light Brigade, organized for special purposes. The resignation of General Cochrane, on the ist of March, 1863, placed the speaker in command of the Brigade. General Hooker's first field operation was an effort to crush the Army of Northern Virginia at Chancellorsville. It was part of his plan to have Sedgwick, who now commanded the Sixth Corps, assault and carry the Heights of Fredericksburg, move out on the road to Chancellorsville, and strike the rear of Lee's army while he. Hooker, engaged it in front. For that purpose the Sixth Corps crossed the Rappahannock below Fredericksburg, near the old Franklin crossing, on April 29th, and on the night of Saturday, May 2d, at I A. M. , commenced a flank march into Fredericksburg. Our Brigade was honored with the advance and instructed to let nothing impede the march through the town, over the heights and out on the Chan- cellorsville road ; an easy order for a General to give, but not easy of execu- tion, in the presence of a wide awake enemy, holding earthworks across your path, an effort to take which had already cost i5,ooolives. After driving in the outposts, in which the Chasseur regiment, under the lamented Hamblin, showed conspicuous gallantry, losing many men and leaving Major Healy on the ground mortally wounded, as was supposed, we continued our march until the enemy's line of defences at the foot of Marye's Heights was encountered, when, by order of the Division commander, the head of the column entered the city, leaving one of our regiments, the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, de- ployed in the open field facing the never-to-be-forgotten stone wall. When daylight appeared the men of the Twenty-third found themselves exposed to the enemy's fire, and for five long hours, without an oppor- tunity to even make a cup of coffee, they maintained this harassing position. About 100' clock Sunday morning the columns and deployed lines were formed by General Newton for storming the heights. The column on the extreme right was composed of the Sixty-first Pennsyl- vania and Forty-third New York, of the Light Brigade, under the command of Colonel Spear, and was supported by the Eighty-second JESSE CORNELL, Co. K. PENNSYLVANIA \'()LUNTEER INFANTRY. 303 Pennsylvania and the Sixty-seventh New York, of our Brigade, under command of the speaker. The Twenty-third Pennsylvania formed a part of the deployed line on the left of the second column of attack. The Chasseur regiment and the One hundred and twenty-second New York were directed to follow with the rest of our Division and join the Brigade after the heights had been carried. Upon the opening of Newton's batteries both columns debouched from under cover, and the deployed lines advanced to the assault. Spear's column on the right was enfiladed by batteries stationed in the road at the top of the hill and in the works on each side of the road ; rifle pits at the base of the hill also confronted him. The column moved out on the double quick, but the road was narrow and before the col- umn had passed over half the distance it was literally swept away by the iron hail showered upon it. Colonel Spear fell mortally wounded. Major Bassett, with the Eighty-sec- ond Pennsylvania, found himself at the head of the column, and strug- gled manfully to carry his men for- ward, and finally, encouraged by the presence of their Brigade Com- mander with his two aides, Lieuten- ants Armstrong and Johnson, rushed forward with the Sixty-seventh New York and carried the heights, cap- turing two pieces of the Washington battery of artillery, one officer and a number of men. The Twenty- third Pennsylvania, in deployed line, with the Fifth Wisconsin, Sixth Maine and Thirty-first New York, moved gallantly to the charge. An eye witness belonging to the Sec- ond Division, in speaking of this line, says, "Four more gallant regiments could not be found in the service. Leaving everything but guns and ammunition they started forward, encountering a shower of bullets, grape and canister, as soon as they rose above a slight knoll. It was a noble spectacle and filled our hearts with pride for our brave comrades. ' ' The Brigade was subsequently united and marched out on the road to Chancellorsville. The enemy's occupation of Salem Heights stop- ped our advance, and in the battle which ensued we took position in an open field to the right of the road, which was held until the evening of the fourth, when the whole Corps recrossed the Rappahannock at Banks' Ford and returned to our old camps. Throughout this short EDWIN PALMER, Captain Co. D. 304 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT campaign the conduct of the ofificers and men of our Brigade was every- thing that could be desired ; and it was through no fault of theirs or any other part of the Sixth Corps, that Hooker's first campaign came to such an inglorious end. Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville had so improved the morale of the rebel army which had been reinforced by two of Longstreet's divisions from the James River and a large number of conscripts from Richmond, that Lee determined upon an invasion of the North. This threw the Army of the Poto- mac on the defensive. So, on the 1 3th of June, Hooker broke up his camp on the Rappahannock and moved northwards. The Sixth Corps had on the 6th of that month again crossed the river at the Ber- nard House, and for a week ob- served the movements of the rebels who occupied the defences of Fredericksburg Heights, but re- crossed and followed the main army on the 14th by forced marches until the vicinity of Washington was reached. The Potomac River was crossed at Edward' s Ferry on the 26th of June, and the march of the army directed on Frederick City. About this time differences arose between General Halleck at Washington, and General Hooker, in relation chiefly to the disposition of the forces at Harper's Ferry, and General Hooker asked to be re- lieved. General George G. Meade, then commanding the Fifth Corps, was immediately placed in command of the army. From Frederick City our Corps marched to Manchester, which would have been the extreme right of the army if Meade's line of battle had been formed along Pipe Creek, as some suppose he had intended. But events occurred which determined Gettysburg to be the ground upon which was to be fought the mightiest and most sanguinary battle of modern times. The operations of the First and Eleventh Corps on Seminary Ridge, where Reynolds lost his life on the ist of July, were important, in that they prevented the rebels from occupying the favorable ground upon which our army was subsequently formed for battle. On the night of the ist of July our Corps was at Manchester, thirty-six miles away. At 9 o'clock in the evening we started for Gettysburg and did not halt for any length of time until we reached SAMUEL C. DUSWALD, Corporal Co. G. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY', 305 Rock Creek, which crosses the Baltimore Pike about a mile from here. There we rested and made coffee. Resuming the march we moved on to the base of Little Round Top, where the Fifth Corps was stemming the rebel current which had forced back portions of the Third Corps. Two of our brigades were immediately thrown forward to the relief of the Fifth Corps, while the rest were placed in line of reserve. Before leav- ing Manchester, our Division Commander, General Newton, took leave of us and went immediately to the front to assume command of the First Corps in the place of General Reynolds, who had been killed that morning, and General Wheaton, by virtue of his rank, assumed com- mand of the Division. This march of the Sixth Corps, of thirty-si.x miles in seventeen hours, on a sultry summer night and morning, is probably the most memorable one of the war. When we consider the load which a soldier carries on the march, even in light marching order, the absence in the field of all comforts which he enjoyed at home, and the peril to life and limb which constantly surrounds him, we cannot but admire the pluck and courage with which he undertakes the most difficult and perilous tasks and honor him for the sacrifices he makes. About sunrise on the morning of the 3d, our Brigade was ordered to Gulp's Hill to aid General Geary, of the Twelfth Corps, in retaking the works on the extreme right, occupied by the enemy during the previous night. The seriousness of Longstreet's attack upon our left induced General Meade to order reinforcements from Gen- eral Slocum, commanding on this part of the field, which necessi- tated the evacuation of a part of the line before estabhshed. These works were seized by the wily enemy, and at daylight our troops undertook to dislodge him and drive him back. Upon reporting to General Geary, our Brigade was formed in the open field, just in rear of the Hne of defenses, in a column of battalions deployed. After a personal reconnaissance by General Geary and the Brigade Commander, the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, Colonel Titus commanding, was directed to relieve the One Hun- dred and Eleventh Pennsylvania, then occupying a position in the front hne. This position they held for two hours and a half, under a very JOHN G. JOHNSON, Co. H, 306 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT severe fire, losing many in killed and wounded, and were then relieved by the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, Colonel Bassett. At g. 20 A. M., the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, Lieutenant-Colonel Glenn commanding, was placed in position to support the front line. Three hours later, five companies of this regiment, under a galling fire of musketry, were ad- vanced into the breastworks, and, after silencing the enemy's fire, sent out a line of skirmishers, which, however, were promptly recalled, the enemy still being in the hne of battle in close proximity to our works. At II A. M., the Sixty-seventh New York, Colonel Cross, marched "Right and Rear of Little Round Top." This was the first position of Shaler's Brigade occupied from the time of arrival on the field, about 2 p. M. of July 2d, in support of the advanced line of the 6th Corps, until the morning of July 3d, when ordered to Gulp's Hill to assist Geary of the 12th Corps in driving Johnson's Confederates out of the works. The view repre- sents to the rear and le^t;^of where General Sedgwick's head- quarters was established. ""-'/' into the breastworks, from which the enemy were then fleeing, and succeeded in capturing about twenty prisoners. At 11. 15 A. M. , the Chasseur regiment (Sixty-fifth New York), Colonel Hamblin, occupied a position in support of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania. About 3 P. M. , all of our regiments were relieved by others belonging to the Twelfth Corps. Longstreet's attack upon our left, and Ewell's attack upon our right had both failed ; and now a : desperate attempt to pierce our cen- PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 307 tre was to be made. As a prelude to the grand assault of Pickett's Division, 115 pieces of artillery opened their murderous fire upon our lines, and were responded to by about 80 of our own guns. With the order and steadiness of troops on parade, Pickett's lines moved out in view and commenced to advance across the open field to a point just south of the Cemetery grounds marked by a clump of trees. No sooner was the point of his attack made manifest, than every available Union battery was trained upon his columns. The carnage which en- sued was terrible ; but on they came, alternately wavering, stagger- ing, rallying and pressing forward, until the rebel. General Armistead, found himself pierced by a rifle shot within our own lines, followed by a few hundred of the most fortunate and courageous of his men who became prisoners of war. It was while this was being enacted, that our brigade was called from this position on the right, to traverse the field and report to General Newton, commanding the ist Corps, at the left centre, near the point of Pickett's assault. After the repulse of this infantry charge, the rebel batteries kept up a tantalizing, but irregular fire; and one of the last shots fired, lost to the Twenty-third regiment one of its most promising young officers. Lieutenant Garsed. A solid shot literally tore him to pieces. Before darkness had shrouded the field, the roar of artillery and the rattling of musketry had ceased. The great battle of the war had been fought. The stillness of the night was broken only by the groans of the wounded and dying, and the rumbhng of ammunition and commissary wagons. The losses in both armies amounted to about 50,000 men, equal to one-third of the whole number engaged. The rebel army was now compelled to abandon all the hopes which its scheme of invasion had inspired ; and bitter as the alternative was, its retreat was imperative. So, after spending the fourth day in bury- ing the dead and caring for the wounded, it silently and sullenly retired from our front on the morning of the fifth, and the Sixth Corps was sent out on the Fairfield road in pursuit. Lee's rear guard was over- taken in a pass of the South Mountain range, but was not pursued beyond it, General Meade having determined to keep his army on the east side of that range. It crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry and Berhn, July 17th and i8th, and moved along the east of Blue Ridge, while Lee retreated up the Shenandoah Valley, west of Blue Ridge, and finally encamped in the vicinity of Culpeper Court House. The Army of the Potomac went into camp about Warrenton, Virginia. In an address which I had the honor of dehvering upon these grounds, two years ago, on the occasion of the unveiling of the monu- ment of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania regiment, I took occasion to refer to an injustice which had been unintentionally done us, in the report of the battle by the Army Commander. As the remarks I then made 808 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT in reference to the Twenty-third Regiment are appHcable to each and all the regiments of our Brigade, I quote them verbatim. After speaking a word of praise in behalf of General Doubleday, of the First Corps, and General Sickles, of the Third Corps, for the services they rendered on the first and second days respectively, I say, " And while claiming this special recognition for them, I have a less pleasing, but to you a more important duty to perform, and that is, to demand an official recognition of the services, in this battle, of the Brigade to which you were attached. The student who in future years peruses the official reports and records in the War Department, will there find recorded. "Gulp's Hill." This was the second position of Shaler's Brigade. On its arrival here General Geary of the 12th Corps placed it in the ravine immediately in rear of this position. During the morning the regiments of the brigade were engaged in the breastworks, which will be observed running along just below the brow of the hill towards a large boulder in the works. It remained here as relieving regiments, until ordered to left centre, in support of ist Corps during repulse of Pickett's charge. over the signature of the commander of the Army of the Potomac, that in the battle of Gettysburg, Wheaton's Brigade was ordered to the right, to aid in driving back the enemy and in retaking the works. In other words the troops of Wheaton's Brigade were credited, in the official report of the battle, with the service performed by your Brigade. Upon learning of this error, I spoke to General Meade about it, at an ^rmy reunion, held in Boston nine years after the battle, and he promised to have his report corrected. I spoke also to General Wheaton of the credit he had received at another's expense. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 309 and of the injustice done the regiments of the First Brigade. He promised that he would write to General Meade upon the subject, but I am not informed that either of the promises were fulfilled. As our great lamented President (Lincoln) said, in commenting upon the battle, 'There was glory enough for all.' No excuse, therefore, can be given for withholding from any of the troops engaged the full measure of credit due them, much less should one organization be glorified at the expense of another. In justice to the memory of those brave men whose heroic services you this day commemorate, and in justice to you who have been permitted to survive them, and to per- form this act of soldierly love and friendship, I protest against the wrong which has been done. I may be answered that it matters little, so far as the Brigade is concerned, since the survivors have erected tablets upon one of the grounds they occupied in this battle. Is it of no consequence to the relatives and friends of those who have died for their country, to their comrades who have survived them, to the officers who commanded them, that the official reports are silent as to the services of the organization with which they fought and died ? Nay, more ; that such reports should actually give to another organiza- tion credit for services which cost them so many lives ? For years and perhaps ages to come, the archives of the war will be perused and studied by historians and military students in search of material with which to compile history or solve military problems ; and must it be said to them, that the records are unreliable — that to ascertain the services of any particular organization of the army, a visit must be made to the battle-fields, and the monuments and tablets consulted ? Such a confession would be humiliating, but it must be made, so far as it relates to the services of the First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Corps, in the battle of Gettysburg. And, if I am correctly informed, in reference to other organizations also. A greater value attaches, therefore, to the testimonials you this day dedicate, than you probably anticipated, for it corrects the record ; more than that, it stands alone as the only record accessible to all, that our Brigade fought and suf- fered in this part of the field in the greatest battle of the war. ' ' On the 7th of November following, an advance movement was ordered, and the right wing of the army, composed of the Fifth and Sixth Corps, under the command of General Sedgwick, was moved to a point on the river called Rappahannock Station, at which point the enemy occupied a series of earthworks on the north side of the river, consisting of two or three redoubts and a long line of rifle-pits or trenches. The approach to these works was over an open field, which could be swept by the enemy's guns for a considerable distance in every direction ; and as the head of our columns debouched from the woods to deploy in line of battle, they furnished a splendid target for 310 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT the rebel gunners' practice. The scene was grand beyond descrip- tion. When the speaker entered the open field, the Fifth and part of the Sixth Corps were already in line of battle, with flags flying and bayonets glistening in the sunlight of a beautiful autumn day, having the appearance of troops on dress parade rather than formed for deadly conflict. Like Humphreys' tactical movements of his Division on the field of Gettysburg, our Brigade was closed up, and without halting advanced and deployed in the position assigned it, having only the sound of the enemy's guns to keep step with. Without delay bur Brigade was ordered to drive in the rebel sharpshooters and secure the possession of a knoll on the right and front, for the occupation of "Rear of Left Centre." This was the third position of Shaler's Brigade. On the ridge in the distance were the lines of the ist Corps, the brigade arriving about the time of the repulse of Pickett's charge, and went into posi- tion in the field beyond the Taneytown Road, to the left of Meade's Headquarters, where it remained until the morning of the 5th, when moved off with the 6th Corps in pursuit of Lee. a battery. This was quickly done, and soon after the battery was established, a column of attack was formed from the Sixth Corps and put in command of General Russell. Colonel Upton led the column with his regiment, and made one of the most brilliant and successful charges ever made upon any field. He not only captured the whole line of works, but with it, some sixteen hundred prisoners, six battle- flags, and many pieces of artillery and small arms. His attacking column numbered only fifteen hundred. The services of our Brigade as well as those of Upton's troops, were made the subject of a com- plimentary order from Corps Headquarters. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 311 The next move of importance was Meade's effort to interpose his army between the two wings of Lee's army, and for that purpose directed the various Corps to cross the Rapidan at different points, the Sixth at Jacob's Mill ford, which they did on the 27th of November. Our Division was ordered to report to General Warren, to aid him in outflanking, if possible, the enemy's right. Sunday, November 29th, found us in what was then considered a favorable position from which to attack, and orders were issued for Warren to do so at 8 o'clock next morning. But when morning came things were changed. Lee had entrenched himself in our front and planted batteries on our left. The flankers were outflanked, and Warren' s heart failed him. As he told the speaker afterwards ' ' he had not the courage to attack." But he had the courage to sacrifice himself rather than his men. He assumed the responsibility of suspending the attack, and General Meade subsequently justified him. Thus ended the brief winter campaign of Mine Run, and we returned to our old camps. During December, 1863, while in camp at Brandy Station, the government called upon the three year men, two years of service having expired, to re-enlist for three years from that date or the war. This call was responded to by the men of our regiments, with remark- able unanimity and promptitude, nearly two-thirds in the aggregate, voluntarily offering to continue their services until the last rebel laid down his arms. In January, 1864, our Brigade was ordered to Sandusky, Ohio, to prevent an anticipated attempt to liberate the rebel officers confined on Johnson's Island, Sandusky Bay, and remained there until the 12th of April, 1864, when Brigade Headquarters and three regiments (the 65th, 67th and I22d New York) proceeded to rejoin the army at Brandy Station. During our absence from the army, the old 3d Divi- sion was disbanded, and we were assigned to the ist Division com- manded by General H. G. Wright, constituting the 4th Brigade of that Division. Grant's overland campaign to Richmond began at midnight, the 3d of May. Our Brigade, or rather the three regiments of it in camp crossed the Rapidan on the 4th, in charge of an ammunition train which was parked a short distance in rear of the line of battle formed by the 5th and 6th Corps in the Wilderness, and at midnight on the 5th, moved forward and reported to our Division Commander. He assigned us to a position on the extreme right in support of General Seymour, who commanded the troops at that point. An advance of the line about 8 o' clock in the morning of the 6th, so shortened it that in order to retain possession of a prominence on our flank, our regiments had to be placed in the front Hne, thus presenting to the enemy a 312 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT single attenuated line where a strong, well supported one should have been. Early in the day we were called upon to send a regiment a little to the left, to the aid of General Neill's Brigade which was being hard pressed. The 67th New York was sent in, and returned in about an hour, having lost about 100 men in that short time. Much anxiety was felt throughout the day for the safety of this flank which was practically in the air, guarded only by a skirmish line thrown around to the rear, and subsequent events justified that anxiety. The attention of Corps Headquarters was repeatedly called to its weakness, but for reasons unknown to the speaker no troops were sent to us, and it was an easy mat- ter, therefore, when a Brigade of Ewell's Corps under General Gordon about 6 o'clock in the evening, drove in our skirmishers, to double up our single line of infantry. A few officers and men of each of our three regiments were captured, and many killed and wounded. The able bodied who escaped capture, reformed a line along the wood road, which crossed our line of battle perpendicularly, a few yards to the left. The Brigade Commander in reconnoitering on the borders of this road, with more zeal than caution, rode into the enemy's lines and was captured. This terminated his services with the Brigade in which he had served since the organization of the army, and to which he had become dearly attached. The command of the Brigade devolved upon Colonel Nelson Cross, of the 67th New York. In the successful assaults at Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor, and the defense of North Anna, which followed the battle of the Wilderness, its reputation was fully sustained. Throughout the trials encountered in the change of base to the South side of the James, and the besieging of Petersburg, its patience and its power of endurance was manifest ; and when a detached column under General Early, early in July, again threatened the National Capitol, the confidence of the Army Com- mander in its prowess, and its devotion to the cause, secured the trans- fer of the Sixth Corps to the point of danger. The old residents of Washington will never forget with what celerity the rebel General was made to retire from the front of the Capitol and subsequently beat an inglorious retreat up the Shenandoah Valley, before the war-scarred veterans of the Sixth Corps, which by the celerity of its movements, had become known as Sedgwick's Cavalry. After this short campaign we find the Brigade back again among its veteran comrades of the army, hammering away at the defenses of Petersburg, until on Sunday morning, April 2d, the final charge upon the works is made. The signal success of the Sixth Corps in this charge, not only carrying the line of defense in their front, but sweep- ing to the left and capturing a long line, thousands of prisoners and many guns, and subsequently turning to the right again, driving every- PENXSYLVAXIA VOLUXTKER IXFAXTRY. 313 thing before it, until the enemy was encircled within their last cordon of defenses, was the first of the series of staggering blows which ulti- mately determined the fate of the Confederacy. The parallel race with Lee's army, which soon followed, gave another proof of its marching qualities. But it was at Sailor's Creek a few days later, where the for- tunes of war gave to the Sixth Corps the final opportunity to make still more brilliant its record by crushing forever and utterly destroying its ancient antagonist. It is not a little remarkable, but the fact is without dispute, that the Sixth Corps was confronted, in its four years of battling, oftener by Ewell's Corps than by any other in the rebel army. There seemed, therefore, a Providential dispensation in the cir- cumstances which placed it in the power of the Sixth Corps at Sailor' s Creek, Virginia, on the 6th of April, 1865, to compel General Ewell and all that remained of his Corps, to lay down their arms and become prisoners of war. The crowning glory of a brilliant record. During the period of its services, the integrity of our brigade was preserved from beginning to end. While, by reorganizations of the army, and the necessities of the service, whole corps and divisions were broken up and disbanded, our brigade organization continued intact. Regiments were added to it and taken from it, indeed, to such an extent that but one of the original regiments retained its identity in the brigade, until the disbandment of the corps and final muster out. The Twen- ty-third Pennsylvania was mustered out at the close of the Valley cam- paign, its re-enlisted men being transferred to the Eighty-second regi- ment. The Thirty-first Pennsylvania became the Eighty-second Penn- sylvania. The Sixty-seventh New York was mustered out at the end of three years, and the re-enlisted men were transferred to the Sixty- fifth New York. The One-hundred-and-twenty-second New York was not an original member, but joined in the Summer of 1862, and was transferred to Bidwell's Brigade of the Second Division, Sixth Corps, in the Summer of 1864. The Sixty-first Pennsylvania was taken to make up a Light Brigade, and never returned to us. The Sixty -fifth New York (First United States Chasseurs, as itwas called), was, there- fore, the only one of all the original members, which retained its identity through four long years of war, and until final disbandment of the army and muster out. It is said that this was the last regiment of the Army of the Potomac mustered out. Upon the muster out of the Sixty-seventh New York, Colonel Cross retired from the service, and the command of the brigade devolved upon Colonel Joe. E. Hamblin, of the Sixty-fifth New York, than whom a more gallant and faithful officer could not be found in the service. In this hastily prepared and imperfect record of the services of our brigade, it may be considered not improper to speak of the qualities of some of the Colonels of the regiments which composed it. It is a mat- 314 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ter of historical record, which may be alluded to here, without dispar- agement to others. Most of them showed a capacity and talent for military service which sooner or later, secured for them deserved pro- motion. Colonel David B. Birney, of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania was made a Brigadier-General and Major-General of Volunteers. Colonel Thomas H. Neill, of the same regiment, was made Brigadier- General and Brevet Major-General. Colonel John Ely, also of the same regiment, was made a Brigadier-General. Colonel Nelson Cross, of the Sixty-seventh New York, was made a Brigadier-General and Brevet Major-General. Colonel John Cochrane, of the Sixty-fifth New York, was made a Brigadier-General. Colonel Alexander Shaler and Colonel Joe. E. Hamblin, of the same regiment, were both made Brigadier-Generals and Brevet Major-Generals of Volunteers. Having through the fortunes of war been separated from the brigade during the last year of its service, a period in which pro- motions would be most likely to occur, I have referred to those only of which I have personal knowledge. No brigade in the army was more fortunate in the quality of its officers ; and, very many, too many to refer to here by name, were for their superior talent and ability ; for their gallant conduct, and for long faithful services, pro- moted to higher grades, detailed to staff duty, and assigned to other special and honorable service. The case of Lieutenant- Colonel Dwight, of the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, was one of unrewarded merit. He gal- lantly commanded the regiment in nearly all its battles, and until it was reduced below the number for which a Colonel could be mustered; and was finally killed in front of Petersburg, without having received the promotion which he had repeatedly earned and was justly entitled to. The brigade was equally fortunate in the composition of its Staff, Captain William P. Roome, Assistant Adjutant-General ; Captain Samuel Truesdell, Assistant Inspector-General; Major George W. Ford, Assistant Quartermaster, and Captain Nat. EUmaker, Assistant Commissary of Subsistence, were all officers of the highest qualities, possessing especial fitness for their respective positions. They served throughout with unsurpassed zeal and faithfulness, and retired honored and respected by all with whom they had intercourse. To commemorate the services of this noble body of men upon this field of battle, and to dedicate memorials to their fallen comrades, we have met to-day. In looking back, visions pass before us like a dream. We see the demon of war with haughty mien uplift his arm to assail our national existence. Rebellious hordes are marshalled for unholy conquest. With rapid strides and swift approaches the swelling ranks besiege our capitol. Indignant loyalty with glaring astonishment nerves PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. H15 herself for defense. Liberty is fettered, and affrighted peace seeks safety in flight. To arms ! to arms ! the people cry, The danger to our Capitol is nigh. With sentiment akin to filial love, the masses with one accord uprise and bid defiance. The conflict rages. Death, devastation and destruction revel. Gloom and sorrow prevail. Portentous clouds of darkness envelop us. Evil spirits, with hellish intent, pursue unchal- lenged their damnable ways. The angels mourn, and all nature in darkness weeps. But see, a silver lining appears. Peering with hope- ful aspect, Peace, with olive branch extended, seeks audience. In the distance seething masses of armed men struggle for mastery. With diminished force rebellion aims her blows, and finally sinks to rise no more. Victory perches on Loyalty's crest. Homeward turns the Spartan band, heroes all ! Halos of glory illumine the sky. Loved ones meet in joyous ecstasy. Liberty and peace have resumed their places. The dream has passed ; but stern reahty bids us inquire, where is father, brother and son. In yonder graves they lie, victims of disloy- alty; and martyrs for their country. Let us keep their memories green, and each recurring year cover them with immortelles, and sweet- scented flowers. And let us not forget the living heroes. Let us re- member that to them we are indebted for the blessings of peace and prosperity which our re-united country now enjoys. Let us remember that the "stars on our banner grew suddenly dim ;" and that it was the private soldier who restored to them their lustre, and palsied the hand which attempted their obliteration. While our children are taught to revere that emblem of unity and strength, let them also be taught the danger of assailing it. Teach them to honor its defenders ; and if in after time it should again be threatened, let them emulate the patriotic example set by their fathers on this hallowed spot. The band then played the following national anthem which was the first rendition of this afterwards popular song. 316 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT GUARD THE FLAG. NEW NATIONAL SONG. This song is sung in the PubHc Schools everywhere, and at School-house flag-raisings ; it is also played by the bands of the U. S. Army and Navy. Words and Music by Geo. M. Vickers. (Published with Compliments of the Author.) Guard the flag, Guard the flag of our native land. Guard the flag of liberty ; Guard well the flag with heart and hand ; God save the banner of the free ! Sons of the nation, hold it aloft. Bravely its foes defy ; Our beautiful flag, the hope of the world. Ever shall wave on high ! Chorus. Guard the flag. Guard the flag of our native land, Guard the flag of liberty ; Guard the flag, Guard the flag of our native land. Guard the flag of liberty ; Guard well the flag with heart and hand ; God save the banner of the free! Guard the flag. Guard the flag that our fathers bore ; Let its pride our glory be ; Oh, let it wave o'er sea and shore. The starry emblem of the free ! Though 'neath it marching onward to war. Though ' neath its folds in peace, Our motto shall be to still guard the flag. Never our vigil cease ! PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 317 Reunion of SKaler's Brig'ade, Gettysb\arg. "The Inspiration." DURING the dedication of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers' Tablet at Gettysburg, in August, 1886, Gen- eral Alexander Shaler, who had the honor to command the First Brigade, Third Division, Sixth Army Corps, in said action — who was present on this occasion as the orator of the day — expressed a wish that the regiments of the old brigade should be reorganized for the purpose of dedicating their monuments and for a Reunion on the field at Gettysburg. In comphance with this wish a letter was prepared, setting forth the object, and mailed to each of its commands, request- ing that each Regimental Association elect a representative to serve as a Brigade Committee. On August I, 1887, the following comrades having been selected : — General Alexander Shaler, representing Headquar- ters; Colonel Samuel Truesdell, the Sixty-fifth New York, " The Chasseurs;" James N. Mills, Sixty-seventh New York, "The First Long Island;" Captain Robert H. Moses, the One-hun- dred-and-twenty-second New York ; Lieutenant-Colonel John M. Wetherill, of Pottsville, the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, and William J. Wray, of Philadelphia, the Twenty-third Pennsyl- vania, " Birney's Zouaves,'' met at the office of Colonel Trues- dell, New York City, and organized Shaler's Brigade Associa- tion, Survivors of the Sixth Army Corps, by the selection of General Alexander Shaler as President, William J. Wray as Secretary and Treasurer, with General Nelson Cross, Sixty- seventh New York Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel John M. Wetherill, Eighty-second Pennsylvania Volunteers, Colonel Silas Titus, One-hundred-and-twenty-second New York Vol- unteers, Colonel John F. Glenn, Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, Lieutenant-Colonel Henry G. Healy, Sixty-fifth New York Volunteers, Colonel William P. Roome, Headquar- ters Staflf, as Vice-Presidents. Selected June 12, 13, 14, 1888, for Dedication of Monuments and Reunion of the Brigade, at Gulp's Hill, Gettysburg, requesting each Regimental Associa- tion to arrange an excursion from their respective headquar- ters for their survivors and friends. 318 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT About January, 1888, the Sixty- seventh New York Volun- teer Association changed the date of their dedication to July I, 2, 3, 1888. With the other organizations of the Brigade, the work progressed favorably; and at the Brigade Committee meeting, May 9th, in New York City, the final details were formulated, and the Secretary instructedto issue the following circular letter : — TKe E.xc\jrsion. THE One-hundred-and-twenty-second New York, having the longer distance to travel, added one more day to the trip, leaving Syracuse on Monday afternoon, June nth, with three coaches filled with their survivors, ladies and friends. On reaching Canandaigua a sleeper was attached to their train, the railroad company showing them every atten- tion, making them as com- fortable as possible for their long journey. After a most pleasant ride, during which old associations were revived and renewed, they reached Gettysburg about 7 A. M. of the first day, just in time to sit down to breakfast at their headquarters — the Globe Inn. As the balance of the Brigade were not expected to arrive before noon, individually and in squads they started off sight-seeing, the point of attraction being Culp's Hill, the scene where the Brigade went in on the third day of the action. After dinner, with the Brigade Band — the G. A. R. Band of Gettysburg— they marched to the depot to escort the other regiments of the Brigade, who came by way of Philadelphia. The Twenty-third Pennsylvania, Eighty-second Pennsyl- vania, Sixty-fifth New York, Headquarters and detachment of the One-hundred-and-twenty-second, left Philadelphia on a special train from Broad Street Station, 7.40 A. M., Tuesday, June 1 2th, with eight carloads of their survivors, ladies and S\MUKI, WIJ kS, Corporal Co. C. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 319 friends, and two combination cars, one loaded with commissary supplies, the other used as a lunch-room. The train was gaily decorated, while along the sides of the cars were long canvas streamers containing the regimental designations. The run was a most delightful one, through the thriving valleys of Lancaster and Cumberland, across the South Moun- tain. On reaching Harrisburg another car was coupled to the train, with the Allegheny contingent and squads from Marietta, York, Columbia and the National Capitol. To make it the more social and enjoyable, lunch, cigars, etc., were being passed continuously along the lines by the Com- missary Committee of the Twenty-third, who tried their level best to make everybody feel at home. Reaching Gettysburg about I P. M. they found the One-hundred-and-twenty- second New York, with their friends, drawn up in line, under the command of Colonel Silas Titus. After the customary salutations, with gripsacks in hand, they were escorted to their respective headquarters. The coming together at the stations on the morning of departure, the journey on the trains and the joining of the contingents from Syracuse and Philadelphia at Gettysburg, made up of the survivors and friends of the Brigade, was the renewal of old and beginning of new found friends, soon be- coming so well acquainted that they appeared as one large happy family. The Brigade Committee very wisely arranged no part of the programme for the afternoon of the day of arrival, as the ambition of everyone, especially on their first visit to the old burg, is to strike out on their own hook after dinner. So the afternoon was enjoyed in individual visits to the field, calls at the regimental headquarters, and the many points of attraction and interest around the battle-scarred town. The crowds of Gettysburg people at the station, on our arrival, and their calls at the hotels to have a hand shake, was a quiet manifestation of their welcome, which was fully appreciated by the visitors. 320 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT o Camp-Fire. N the evening of our arrival, Tuesday, June 12th, all assem- bled 730 P. M. at Brigade Headquarters, and marched to the Court House, which had been kindly tendered by the town authorities. The front part of the spacious room being reserved for the brigade veterans, ladies and friends. Soon the building was packed, not even standing room was left. Some 300 ladies were present to grace the occasion ; and at 8 P. M., Comrade William J. Wray, Twenty-third Pennsyl- vania, of Philadelphia, who had been detailed as Master of Ceremonies, opened one of the happiest, enthusiastic, and en- joyable Camp-fires possible. The Chair, after returning thanks and congratulations upon the large attendance of the brigade and townspeople, stated that while they had printed programmes for all other of the Reunion Proceedings — Camp-fires were im- promptu affairs, and he was glad to announce of seeing enough talent present to keep the fire burning until after 24 o'clock ; but would try to maintain the good name of the brigade with closing the exercises at a seasonable hour, trusting those called upon would make their replies brief and interesting. That he was proud and glad to announce that among the distinguished officers of the brigade present, who honored the occasion, not only by his presence, but that of his entire family, was the General whom we all honored and loved, who com- manded the brigade in the action at Gettysburg, and was now the President of the Brigade Association, and it gave him great pleasure to introduce General Alexander Shaler. The General came to the front amid a perfect ovation, lasting several minutes. After returning his thanks for the warm and enthusiastic reception, in most feeling words, expressed his gratification of the assured successful Reunion, by the pres- FREDERICK P. SIMON, Serjeant Co. K. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 321 ence of so many brigade veterans with tiieir ladies and friends, and on behalf of the Brigade Association, warmly thanked the people of Gettysburg for their attendance. Professor Frank Jay, the colored member of the Twenty- third Commissary Department, was then stood up, and made the old Court House ring with mirth by his " Kersand" comi- calities. He tried to get away with but one comic song, but the audience wouldn't have it ; so he kept them laughing while he told all about the Kangaroo Garden, at Kalamazoo. Then Captain Robert W. Patrick, of the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, rendered the following poem, which he had composed while enroute on the train. " SKaler's Brigade at Gettysburg." Brave Comrades we have met once more, On this now sacred soil. To gaze on scenes, we saw before, And call to mind our toil. We hail you now as brothers dear, Who stood as true as steel, When other hearts were filled with fear, Such fears, yo2i did not feel. But when amidst the cannon's roar, You heard the words "fall in," You promptly acted as of yore, With the same eager vim. We all remember those who fell, Amidst the battle's roar, Their glory shall forever shine, When time shall be no more. Let us recall to memory dear, Some scenes through which they passed. True men, who ne'er gave place to fear. And bravely died at last. Think of those scenes at Marye's Heights, Where many heroes bled. Brave Shaler led us in that fight, And gallant Spear fell dead. Remember Major Bassett, too. Who led you on to fight. Who, when the color bearer fell. Held up our flag in sight. 322 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT And boldly dashed across the bridge, And up the hill he led, And set our colors on the ridge. To wave above the dead. Think of the joy that filled our hearts. When on those heights we stood, When each had well fulfilled their parts, And every man felt good. We cannot stop to mark each scene, In which we bore a share, But only cast a sudden gleam. And for new scenes prepare. We well remember when we stood. On this same field before. When thousands drenched it with their blood. Amidst the cannon's roar. Think of the cheers that rent the air, When we had gained the day. And General Lee in full retreat, From that tremendous fray. Cold Harbor now looms in our sight. Where many met their end. Fell on our left, and on our right. Whose deeds we here commend. We never can forget those boys, Who fell in freedom's name, Amidst the carnage, and the noise. Death dealing smoke and flame. Hurrah for gallant Sheridan, Who led us in the fray. At Cedar Creek and Winchester, And with him gained the day. May he be spared, for many years. To friends and country too, And saved from death, and we from tears, And here I say adieu. After hearty cheers for the Eighty-second, the Chair stated that Onondaga County was present in force, and called upon Major T. L. Poole, of Syracuse, for something on behalf of the Qne-hundred-and-twenty-second New York, who responded in a most amusing way, telling of the trials and tribulations PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 323 of " The Twosters " first introductory to the brigade, especially the greeting they met with at the Cross Roads, and most eloquently and feelingly spoke of the comradeship cemented in the field whilst brigaded. Then Comrade Bill (W. W.) Mayberry, of Philadelphia, set the entire audience wild with delight with his " Army Flea" rendition; and the shouting continued until he gave them his Sneezing Song — everybody was delighted — they couldn't help it. The Chair then stated that General John Cochrane who had been selected to act the part of brigade orator, was by reason of his phj^sical disability compelled to be absent. That while they regretted very much the inability of their once brigade commander to attend — the post of honor on to-mor- row's dedication would be filled by General Shaler, who had kindly consented to deliver the oration — he was pleased to state that Captain Robert H. Moses, One-hundred-and-twenty- second New York, of New York City, was present with a copy of General Cochrane's farewell address to his old brigade in 1863, and introducing the comrade as one of the workers, of the reunion, who after a brief speech expressive of his feelings at the enjoyable time, proceeded to read the Gen- eral's address, which was loudly applauded at its finish. Sergeant William McEn- tee, of New York, of the Chas- seurs, Sixty-fifth New York, being called upon, after a brief address congratulatory of the occasion, sang one of the old Sixth Army Corps songs, in- voking loud applause. Capt. George W. Water- house, Eighty-second Pennsylvania, being called to the front, recited "The Soldier Tramp," which he ably rendered. The applause that followed brought him up again, this time recit- ing an amusing dialect, very much enjoyed. THOMAS DORSEY, Co. C. 324 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Then followed one of the happy events of the evening, by the Chair stating that he had a special message for the ladies ; and told that when the Twenty-third came to Gettysburg to dedicate their tablet in 1886, the chief of the Commissary, who looked after their stores, as now, was the genial Comrade William H. Bantom. That the first news he received on arrival of the train at Gettysburg, was a telegram from his dear wife, " That it was a boy ; what will you name him ? " It kind of paralyzed Bant, at first, but he recovered sufficiently to wire back, name him for his grandfather, the occasion, the General, and the family ; so the child was christened, Charles Gettys- burg Shaler Bantom. His comrades to show their affection for the father, had prepared a souvenir for the little one, and it gave him great pleasure to present on behalf of " The Sur- vivors' Association, Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers," a solid " Silver Spoon," suitably engraved, encased in a unique and costly box, to the baby boy. The proud father came to the front amid laughter and clapping of hands, receiving the gift with appreciative thanks, promising to number it with the family heir-looms as one of their most precious tokens. As it was about time the ladies were heard from, Mrs. John Fox, of Philadelphia, was escorted to the platform, giving a recitation so ably rendered that she was recalled, and amused the audience with " The Regular Army Oh." The Hon. Samuel Collins, of Philadelphia, was prevailed upon to give his dialect songs ; so he sang an Irish, Dutch and old Plantation Melody, evoking hearty laughter and applause. Comrade William H. Redheffer, Secretary of the Eighty- second Pennsylvania Association, being called upon, having such a severe cold, contracted on the trip, he could not talk, handed in a paper to have read, which we take pleasure in giving insertion in this publication. The Chair then stated that Captain James M. Craig, one of the workers of the Twenty-third, who had looked after the Allegheny contingent, was present with his family, and called on his son. Master Eddie Craig, of Allegheny City, who de- livered in good style, " Sue's Wedding." Professor Jay, whom we learned was quite a musician, gave a Cornet Solo, so pleasing that he had to repeat his " Home Sweet Home.'' PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 325 The Chair then announced that the Rink Building would be thrown " wide open " by the Twenty-third, immediately after adjournment, where all were invited to partake of their hospi- tality. After returning the thanks of Shaler's Brigade to the town authorities for the use of the Court House, the people of Gettysburg for their large attendance and hearty welcome. THOUGHTS OF LOVED ONES AT HOME. with cheers upon cheers, amid the inspiring music of the G. A. R. Band, of Gettysburg, the happy Camp-fire closed. During the evening, the Twenty-third Commissary, passed buckets full of cold lemonade around every half hour. The audience found it quite refreshing. To sum it up, it was a most enjoyable occasion, every- body seemingly glad to have been there. 326 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Visit to tKe Battlefield of tKe Second and THird Days* Action AT 2 P. M. Wednesday, June 13th, carriages v/ere taken at Headquarters for a visit to the battlefield. Colonel John Long, of the Passenger Department Gettysburg Railroad, go- ing along as guide and lecturer ; the first stop was made at East Cemetery Hill, where a vivid description was given by Colonel Long, of the march northward of Lee's and Meade's armies. A review of the first day's fight, the scenes enacted at Cemetery Hill, on the night of the second, when Hayes' and Hokes' Confederate Brigades charged among the guns of Weiderick and Rickett's, and were driven back almost annihi- lated. The terrible infantry fighting at Culp's Hill, on the morning of the third, when the enemy were driven out from the works they occupied, which had been abandoned the night before by Geary's troops, who had been sent to the support of Sickel's. From this commanding position was had a view of the entire field from Big Round Top on the left, to Wolf's Hill at the right, and away off to Rommel's Farm, where was pointed out the Cavalry Shaft, the scene of the fight between Jeb Stuart and General Gregg, in which the rebel cavalry were sent South. Carriages were then taken, and the drive continued past Rickett's guns where brave Pennsylvanians fought hand to hand in saving them during the rush of the Louisiana Tigers. Here was pointed out where Carroll's Bri- gade came on the double-quick, and getting on the flank of the Tigers, swept the field. As we ascend to Culp's Hill, Steven's guns are seen, which did so much execution during the charging at East Cemetery Hill. Passing along the line of Wadsworth's Division, we soon reached the position where the gallant New Yorkers, of Greene's Brigade, Twelfth Corps, repulsed the repeated attacks of Johnson's Confederates. This was where our brigade (Shaler's) went in, (our second position) relieving regiments, assisting in driving the Johnnies on the morning of the third, beyond the lines. The drive was con- tinued to McAllister's Mills,beyond which was the extreme right held by the brigade of General Thomas H. Neill, of the Sixth Corps. Returning, we crossed the swale to the right of which PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 327 Johnson's and Rhodes' Confederate Divisions, in three lines, charged six times and were repulsed each time. Six hundred dead Confederates were found in front of Culp's Hill, showing the desperate work done along the front of Geary's lines. At Spangler's Springs we stopped to taste of the waters, from which the wounded of both armies quenched their thirst on the night of the second, and early morning of the third. Driv- ing along the Baltimore Pike, we enter the National Cemetery, one of the finest laid out and well kept burial places of the Union dead, where lie some 3,000 of the comrades. Here we found Sergeant Holtzworth, formerly the genial guide of the battlefield, who, by reason of a paralytic stroke has abandoned that calling, and is now the Superintendent. At this point we found the Sixth Corps mark among the artillery that manned these heights. Continuing the drive, passing Zeigler's Grove; and along the Emmettsburg Road to the right of Sickel's line ; here was described the desperate fighting of the old Third Corps on the afternoon of the second, where Birney, Ward, Graham, Carr, and De Trobiand struggled against the overwhelming at- tacks of Longstreet. Beyond, on the left and half a mile to the front, was pointed out where Berdan with his sharp- shooters attacked the advanc- ing columns of Hood ; check- ing him for forty minutes, which gave the Round Tops in possession of the Union forces. The drive was then continued past the Peach Orch- ard, the angle of Sickel's line, which was held so tenaciously by our troops ; " The Loop," through the woods to the famous Wheatfield, where Gen- eral Zook and Colonel Ellis, of the Orange Blossoms were killed. Thence to the " Devil's Den," where the party alighted and were photo- graphed. While resting in the shade, under the camera, one could not help but recall the desperate work that raged around and amid these great boulders twenty-five years before ; THOMAS S. MARTIN, Capt. Co. I, 23d P. v., 3 months' service. Killed at Bull Run Aug. 30, 1S62, wliile Lt.-Col. nth Pa. Vol. Infantry. 328 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT " and such boulders they are," piled upon each other, full of crevices, just the place a sharpshooter would be at home ; and it was worked for all it was worth by the Johnnies during their stay, in picking off all that came under their fire on little Round Top. Passing through the Valley of Death across Plum Run, full of boulders of all sizes, between Little and Big Round Top, we ascend to the summit of the key to the posi- tion " Little Round Top." It was here that Warren, then Engineer Officer, on Meade's Staff, discovered the flank move- ment of Hood — that Hazlett, Colonel O'Rourke, Generals Weed and Vincent Strong, were killed in holding the position. The lecturer described the repulse of Longstreet, on the evening of the second day, pointing out across the Run, where the Pennsylvania Reserves charged ; Colonel Taylor, of the Bucktail's lost his life, and away off to the Werntz Farm, where (Buck) McCandless' Brigade halted in their charge, the night of the 2d. From here a grand view is had of the field ; some climbed up the ascent of Big Round Top, to the left of which where Farnsworth, of Kilpatrick's Cavalry, was killed leading his charging squadrons. Here was another 6th Corps Brigade (Russell's) holding the extreme left. The party was then driven down the slopes of the Tops, along the battlefield drive, passing the Headquarters of old General Sedgwick, the Commander of the Sixth Corps, in the clump of trees on the front line, to the right of Little Round Top, where his advance brigade — Nevin's — went in, just in time to assist in driving Longstreet back. To the rear of this where our brigade (Shaler's) lay (its first position) on arrival on the field, on the afternoon of the 2d. On reaching the left centre, a vivid description was given of the artillery duel on the afternoon of the third day, where one hundred and twenty guns of the Confederates and eighty of the Union ex- changed shots for nearly two hours — a prelude to the grand charge and magnificent repulse of Pickett's fourteen thousand. Here Hancock, Gibbon, Doubleday, Webb, Stannard, Hall, Brooks, Hayes, Harrow, Dana, Rowley, Arnold, Brown, Gush- ing and Cowan performed distinguished services. At this point is the Umbrella clump of trees ; along this front is known as the " high-water mark of the rebellion." Along the low stone wall lay the gallant Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania, of the Philadel- phia Brigade, who never left it during the charge, while to PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 329 their right was the Fourteenth Connecticut, Fourth Delaware and Twelfth New Jersey, who did such terrible execution. To the left of the clump of trees was pointed out where Stan- nard's Vermont Brigade advanced beyond the lines, and, wedged between the right and centre of Pickett's charging columns, and forming line of battle front and rear, took both lines on the flank. Here we again found the Sixth Corps mark — that of Cowan's Bat- tery ; the brave Confederates coming so close to his guns that he used double-shotted canister at ten paces. In the fields, to the immediate left and rear, lay our brigade — Shaler's — (our third position) in support as the charge was broken. From here over on the Taneytown Road, in rear, was pointed out the old shell-stormed house, where General Meade had his headquarters during the action. As we near the town it was shown where the Eighth Ohio and troops from Zeigler's Grove got on the left flank of Pickett's charge, send- ing back Pettigrew's Division, badly demoralized. Thence past the battlefield hotel, where the sharpshooters held the ex- treme out-post of the Union line at the cemetery, during the second and third days ; past the house where Jennie Wade was killed while baking bread, on the evening of the first day's action, reaching the hotels in time for supper — dusty, tired,, but well pleased with the trip around the field. The drive was an interesting one, giving the opportunity of viewing the many magnificent, unique and costly monu- ments erected along the lines, as well as one of instruction ot the story of the action. JOHN LAPP, Corporal Co. C. 330 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Complimentary Ball and Reception by tHe T-wenty-tKird. Pennsylvania "Volunteers' Association in Honor of tHe Reunion AFTER supper, on the evening of Wednesday, the 13th, the G. A. R. Band, of Gettysburg, under the charge of Com- rade James Spence, of Philadelphia, were taken on a serenad- ing tour — visiting the newspaper offices of The Truth, The Com- piler, The Star and Sentinel, who had done so much in their columns to honor the event, in their many kind expressions concerning the brigade reunion — and thence to the Globe Inn, where the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York were quartered ; from there to the McClellan House, the head- quarters of the Sixty-fifth New York ; and then to the City Hotel, where the Eighty-second Pennsylvania made their home — back to the Eagle Hotel, headquarters of the brigade. At each place choice selections of music were tendered, as com- pliments of the Brigade Association. In the meantime, the McKnightstown Band, in charge of the Twenty-third Committee, were tendering the General a serenade, and comrades were calling upon him and visiting each other's headquarters — recounting the stones of old times and the many pleasantries of the reunion occasion — and at 9 P. M. all wended their way from headquarters to the Rink Building, a large, commodious structure, where was being held the grand Complimentary Ball and Reception, tendered by the Twenty-third Pennsylvania, in honor of the event. The ball- room was appropriately decorated for the occasion, with two stages erected at opposite sides of the room, for the bands ; while, from the front of the building was a transparency, em- blazoned with the legend, "The Twenty-third Pennsylvania Welcomes Shaler's Brigade and their Friends." One hundred and fifty written invitations had been sent to the good people of Gettysburg, inviting " Yourself and ladies " to the Camp- fire, the Dedication and the Complimentary Ball and Recep- tion, and when Colonel John F. Glenn, as Grand Conductor of the Ball, led off in the Grand March, with his good wife, there followed at least twelve hundred people — some four hundred ladies being in the line ; the G. A. R. Band, of Gettysburg, PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 331 playing the dancing music, while the McKnightstown Cornet Band gave the promenades, so that music was in the air at all times. An original, unique and very appropriate ball program was distributed, containing thirty six dances, wherein are the names of the regiments of the brigade, its winter camps, and actions in which it had parti- cipated were embraced, as a souvenir of the occasion ; the ladies receiving a specially decorated one in silken corded pencil and bow of ribbon. Everybody got one to carry home, while two thousand handsome programs proper, containing the dances and pro- menades, were passed around for use in the festivities. There was but one round of refreshments — but it was a continuous one, of ice-cream in all flavors, pound, sponge and other cakes, lemonade, etc., and it kept the volunteers to their Commissary Committee busy ; but they enjoyed it, all the same, to be permitted to cater to such guests. The dancing was kept up until midnight, the old and young joining in the festivities with mirth and zeal, it being expressed by the people of Gettysburg as one of the grandest and most enjoyable balls in the history of the town. Everybody seemed to enjoy the occasion, from the General and his good wife, to the Secretary and his " little " daughter. GEO. W. FRALEV, Co. G. 332 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT The following is a copy of the ball program souvenir : COMPLIMENTARY BALL AND RECEPTION OF THE survivors' ASSOCIATION TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT PENNA. VOLUNTEERS TO THE SURVIVORS OF SHALER'S BRIGADE (sixth corps) AT THE RINK BUILDING, GETTYSBURG, JUNE 1 3, 1 888. I. Grand March . 6th Corps — from Manchester to Gettysburg 2. Quadrille . . . Queens Farm 3- Polka . Yorktown 4- Lancers . . . Williamsburg 5- Glide and Schottische . Fair Oaks 6. New York City's Delight, "The Chasseurs," 65th N. Y. Vols. 7- Octagon . . Charles City X Roads 8. Polacca . . White Oak Swamp 9- Waltz — Danish . . . Turkey Bend 10. Varsouvienna . . . Malvern Hill II. Lawn Tennis . > . . . . Chantilly 12. Our Absent Friends, The ist Long Island — 67th N. Y. Vols. 13- Saratoga Lancers . Fredericksburg H- Varieties . . Mud March 15- Redowa . . . Marye's Heights 16. Quadrille — Robinson .... Salem Church 17- " The Nation's Mecca" . . Gettysburg 18. Syracuse's Delight . . Our i22d New York Vols. 19- Cotillion . . . Funkstown 20. Virginia Reel Rappahannock Station 21. Stephinie Gavotta . . . . Mine Run 22. Irish Jig ■ . Brandy Station 23- College Lancers . . Johnson's Island 24. Shaler's Brigade Delight . . Another Reunion 25- Mazourka ... . Wilderness 26. Caledonian .... Spottsylvania 27. Polo . Hanover Court House 28. Plain . . . . Cold Harbor 29. Loomis Lanciers .... Petersburg PENNS^'LVANIA VOLVNTEER INFANTRY. 3:^3 30. Philadelphia's Delight 31. Schottische 32. Galop 33. Highland Fling 34. Medley 35. All Hands Around 36. The 23d Penn'a Vols. Delight, Old 8 2d Pennsylvania Vols. Fort .Stevens Opequan Cedar Creek Sailor's Creek Appomattox Hope all Enjoyed Themselves. PROGRAM PROPER OF THE DANCES AND PROMENADES AT THE BALL. Grand March 1. Quadrille Promenade 2. Quadrille Promenade 3. Quadrille Promenade 4. Waltz Promenade 5. Quadrille Promenade 6. Waltz Promenade 7. Quadrille Promenade 8. Waltz Promenade 9. Quadrille Promenade 10. Waltz Promenade 11. Quadrille Promenade 1 2. Galop Promenade INTERMISSION INTERMISSION Guard the Flag Riverdale. Minstrels. Fanciers. Erminie. . Schottische. . Merry War. Congress. Popular Airs. Leap Year. Gladiator March. Queen Anne. Mikado. Polka. Black Hussar Victor Fairest of the Fair. Plain. Falka. Ida May. Nanon. Landers. Trip to Africa. Amazon. Good Night. Dancing Music . Promenade Music Gettysburg Band. McKnightstown Band. 334 HISTORY. OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT A Visit to the Battlefield of the Tirst Day's Action AT 9 A. M., of Thursday, June 14th, carriages were taken again at brigade headquarters, for a visit to the scene of the first day's action, many tramping it all along the lines. At Barlow's Knob a description was given by Colonel Long, the guide and lecturer, from that portion of the field, showing the gap that existed between the left of the Eleventh Corps and that of the right of the First Corps, caused by the arrival of the Confederates, under Early, along the York Road, which threatened the extreme right and rear of the Eleventh Corps, necessitating the withdrawal of the entire line from that part of the field — the troops falling back through the streets of the town, secur- ing positions on Cemetery Heights ; the lecturer describing the terrible scenes enacted in the retreat to take up the rear position. Passing along the Mummasburg Road and along the lines to the Railroad Cut, where a Confederate brigade was corralled during the action and taken prisoners ; along these lines the Johnnies had an enfilading fire, but the old First held up their end until the right gave way. From there the party was driven to Oak Ridge, where raged the action of the First Corps. Here Reynolds, Mere- dith, Doubleday, Paul, Wadsworth, Custer, Hoffman, Fair- childs and others did such distinguished service. Thence, to Reynolds' Grove, where stands the monument erected by the State of Pennsylvania, on the spot where her distinguished son. General John F. Reynolds, was killed. In this grove the Iron Brigade of Meredith, in the course of the engagement, cap- tured the Confederate brigade of Archer. Here Custer's Brigade and Hall's Battery were forced back to Seminary Ridge by the overwhelming numbers of Hill's Corps, where a new line was formed, Rowley's and Robinson's Divisions and the Bucktail Brigade, of Pennsylvania, distinguishing them- selves in holding it against repeated attacks. The drive was continued across Willoughby Run, where General Buford, with his cavalry, brought on the action of Gettysburg, fighting dismounted for two hours against superior numbers, winning PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 335 for himself and command meritorious praise from the Com- manding General, for his gallant resistance to the advance of Hill's Corps of Lee's Army. This cavalry action and the stubborn resistance of the glorious old First Corps, under Reynolds, and that of the unfortunate Eleventh Corps, under Howard, gave the opportunity for the Army of the Potomac to concentrate on the lines the second and third day, that gave to the nation " Gettysburg." After a visit to the Springs, to enjoy the Katasalyn waters, the story being told of their discovery as medicinal proper- ties by wounded men crawling to the springs to bathe their wounds in the waters, we started back to town over the Chambersburg Road, passing the Seminary where General Lee made his headquarters, after the withdrawal of our troops to the Cemetery, until his army retreated back to Vir- ginia. Along the road was pointed out the fields over which the gallant First Corps, in well-preserved lines, fell back, fighting all the way, be- yond the town. Viewing the old whitewashed home of the late John Burns, the citizen of the town, who, while fighting on his own hook with the First Corps, received the wounds that caused his death. As we enter the town, houses are pointed out where the Confederate sharpshooters fired on the guns at Cemetery Hill, and the old Church Building, where the chaplain of the Ninetieth Pennsyl- .vania Regiment was killed on its steps as he was about to enter to minister to the spiritual welfare of the wounded ; reaching our hotels in time to pack up gripsacks for the homeward trip. We found the dead in the National Cemetery at Gettys- burg, are buried in Sections of States : United States Regu- ELY MEDAL, Marye's Heights. 336 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT lars, 138; Connecticut, 22; Delaware, 15; Indiana, 80; Illi- nois, 6; Maine, 104; Massachusetts, 159; Maryland, 22; Michigan, 171 ; Minnesota, 52 ; New York, 867 ; New Jersey, 78; New Hampshire, 49; Ohio, 131; Pennsylvania, 534; Rhode Island, 12; Vermont, 61; Wisconsin, 73; West Vir- ginia, 1 1 ; unknown, 979. A massive monument, sixty feet in height, surmounted by the Goddess of Liberty, rises from the centre of the plot. It was erected by the National Govern- ment in memory of its dead on the field. GEORGE F. PEIFER, Corporal Co. B. Taken in 1862. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 337 Hoine"ward. THE One-hundred-and-twenty-second New York was the first to leave for home, taking the 9 A. M. train on Thursday, June 14th, quite a number of the boys going to the depot to give it a send-off. After many hand shakes, and promises to be with us on all future reunions of the Brigade, they bid adieu to Gettysburg, and after an uneventful but very enjoyable ride, they reached old Onondaga County and their home, Syracuse, on schedule time — a tired party of pilgrims, but rejoiced at their successful and enjoyable trip. Headquarters party, Sixty-fifth and One-hundred-and- twenty-second New York contingent, Eighty-second and Twenty-third Pennsylvania, departed on their special at i P. M., of the 14th, with many hand shakes and " come and see us again " from the good people of the town. Orders had been given for no dinner, and we were getting to feel quite hun- gry, when the Commissary Committee of the Twenty-third passed through the train with churns of hot coffee, iced milk, sandwiches, fruits, etc., boxes of cigars and lots of commis- sary, and it kept us busy get- ting away with the supplies, from the time we pulled out of Gettysburg until Broad Street Station, Philadelphia, was reached, as the Committee didn't seem to tire and their stores of hospitality were inexhaustible. The Brigade Committee held a meeting on the train, closing up all its affairs, and directed the Secretary to compile all the proceedings of the reunion for publication in book form, and instructed General Shaler, as President of the Asso- ciation, to send a letter of thanks to the Twenty-third Penn- sylvania Association for their hospitality and soldierly interest, so well manifested in the success of the brigade reunion. The sentiment on the train was that in the near future the Brigade should reune at home or on some of the other battlefields MATHEW SPENCE, Corpora] Co. C. 338 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT and thus keep alive the comradeship of the survivors and friendship of our friends, which had been so enjoyable, renewed at our first reunion. The run was a delightful one, only one stop of five min- utes at Harrisburg, where our western contingent bid us good- bye, with the promise to be with us on the next occasion, reaching Philadelphia forty-five minutes ahead of time, like the "Twosters," a tired but one of the most happy parties of veterans and friends possible. The Twenty-third re-stocked the "Yorkers" with sup- plies, so as to bridge them over to their destination — -Mrs. General Shaler being presented with a large pound cake to carry home to the grandchildren. Thus ended a most glorious, happy and decidedly successful reunion of Shaler's Brigade, in which all the commands contributed their share in the honors. ■fjJWASHINCTON VIA BALTIMORE ONE OF THK CrSTOMAKS C, IS ON SOLD]1.:rs LETTEKS— I M l^f',". PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 339 Letters and OtHer Documents Appertaining to tKe Reunion. Letter from Major-General H. G. Wright, late Commander 6th Army Corps. Read at Dedication. Washington, June 7, 188S 1203 N Street, N. W Dear General Shaler Your kind invitation to be present at the meeting of the Survivors of your brigade of the good Old Sixth at Gettysburg, on the 12th to 14th inst. , gave me profound pleasure, and I should be glad to join you on that occasion, and meet so many of the Survivors of the gallant Corps we all loved so well; but I am forced to accept the fact that my days for such undertakings are over, and that I must leave such Reunions to younger men who do not feel the weight of years bearing somewhat heavily upon them. As I cannot be with you, I must beg that you express to my old comrades my most hearty good wishes, not only for this occasion, but for all things connected with their welfare — good wishes which they have earned, not only from myself but from the country, by their gal- lant, efficient and successful services. I am my dear General, Very sincerely yours, H. G. WRIGHT. General Alexander Shaler, Ridgefield Park, N. J. Letter from Major-General John Newton, late our Division Com- mander. Read at Dedication. New York, May 26, 1888. My Dear General ; It would give me great pleasure to be with your brigade in their celebration at Gettysburg, and I tender my best thanks for the cour- tesy ; but the fact is, I don't expect to be able to get out of the city at the date of the Reunion, which I would greatly enjoy. With best wishes for a glorious time, I am Very truly yours, JOHN NEWTON. General Alexander Shaler. 340 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Letter from Major-General D. N. Couch, late our Division Commander. Read at Dedication. NoRWALK, Conn., May 25, 1888. My Dear Gene7'al Shalf.r : Very many thanks for the invitation to join the brigade in its Re- union at Gettysburg ; but, by reason of having made arrangements to be absent from home at the time, I cannot accept your kindness. Permit me, however, to wish for the Gallant Old Brigade, an en- joyable trip to the field of its former glories. With many good wishes, I am respectfully, D. N. COUCH. General Alexander Shaler, Ridgefield, N. J. 6th i Letter from General Martin T. McMahon, late Chief of Staff, Corps. Read at Dedication. New York City, June 4, li 93 Nassau Street. Dear General : I would be only too glad to go with you to Gettysburg, and say a few words to the Survivors of your old brigade. No one knew better than I how much they did, and how well it was done. One of the best brigades in the Sixth Army Corps — having but two rivals as Brigade Organizations in what I may certainly be pardoned as de- scribing as the best Corps of the Army of the Potomac. Your brig- ade made a record which could in- spire even as dull a speaker as my- self almost to eloquence. It is not, therefore, the task of preparing an address suitable to the occasion, which deters me from accepting your kind invitation ; but, unfor- tunately, I am obliged to be in the city on the dates named for your Reunion by engagements which I cannot forego. When I refer to the Sixth Corps as the best Corps of the Army of the Potomac ; and, therefore, of the best army of the world, I expect to hear from many of our good brothers of the Second, the Fifth and the others, who will vigorously dispute the claim, and with such good JOHN HAHN, Co. C. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 341 reason that I fear posterity will have much difficulty in agreeing upon a verdict even if they take the trouble to consider the question. We will stand stubbornly by our own, however, and maintain as persist- ently with or without reason the supremacy of the Greek Cross, whether of red, white, or blue, as we did in the days when Shaler's Brigade under Cochrane, yourself or dear Joe. HambHn, bore it firmly to the front under more adverse circumstances, and met arguments that silenced, even if they did not convince, and held it there like men who deserved well of their country. God bless them all who are with you, and God's peace to the souls of them whom you are there to honor. Faithfully yours, M. T. McMAHON, Chief of Staff, 6th Corps, Army of the Potomac. General Alexander Shaler. Letter of General Cochrane, decHning to accept as Orator of the Day. To Shaler's Brigade Association, Survivors of the Sixth Army Corps : Gentlemen : I was apprised unexpectedly of my selection to address your Asso- ciation on the occasion of your Reunion on the field of Gettysburg, at a time when physical disorder forbade my acceptance of the proffered honor. Gettysburg battle, enshrined in the common heart, reflects a glory upon its humblest participant. Thither repair the pilgrims of freedom, and thither the pride and the hopes converge that illustrate the Ameri- can name. No record of man's design is needed to tell the story of that day, and when cenotaph and monument shall have crumbled to decay, still will its deeds stir and its echo thrjU every American bosom. Here death assailed the hero and here deluged the ranks where shiftless and moanless thousands lay bleeding a sacrifice to country. And now, in the bloom of the vernal year, come the survivors of Shaler's Brigade, to recall the incidents of the deadly conflict they waged, and to sol- emnly dedicate monuments to commemorate them. Though not suffered to share with them their perils, nor to partake of the glory that is theirs, yet must my heart be insensible, indeed, when Shaler's Brigade shall fail to remind me that it was once my own, and life's current have ebbed when its deeds and its destiny, its living 342 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT and its dead, are no longer borne on the tables of memory. Comrades, it was a sore day when, in time of war, bodily distress dictated to you my farewell address. Equally sore is the day when bodily infirmities restrain me from your peaceful Reunion. The glory anticipated for you then you have reaped, and ' ' your victories past were in hail of your victories to come, ' ' for your stand- ards are gilded with the name of Gettysburg. Comrades, adieu. JOHN COCHRANE, Brigadier-General U. S. Vols. New York, June 4th, 1888. Letter from General Elisha H. Rhodes, of the Gettysburg Battlefield Association. Providence, R. I., June 11, i5 W. J. Wray, Sec'y, &c. Dear Comrade : I regret exceedingly that I shall be unable to attend the services held by the survivors of Shaler's Brigade, at Gettysburg. I remem- ber the days of old, when this brigade was a near neighbor of mine, and have not forgotten their deeds of valor in defence of the old flag. Please remember me to General Shaler and Comrades, and accept my thanks for the invitation. Yours very truly, ELISHA H. RHODES, 2d. R. L Vols. General Cochrane' s Farewell Address ; read at the Camp-Fire, by Captain Robert M. Moses, i22d New York Volunteers. Headquarters First Brigade, 3RD Division, 6th Army \ Corps, Army of Potomac. February 27, 1863. j Soldiers of the First Brigade : My command over you has terminated. Serious physical mala- dies, induced by the unaccustomed experiences of two years of military life, constantly in the camp, on the march, or in the field, have unfitted me for the duties of an active campaign. For this reason my resignation severs my connection with the service, but I should trample upon the most sacred emotions did I depart from among you in silence. We began our march and have traversed our fields together ; when we lay down one sky covered, PENNSYLVANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 343 and one flag protected us ; and when we arose, it was to the notes of the same reveille. Your toil has been my toil, and your battles mine. To Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Williamsport and Fredericksburg, our memories revert together, as to the fields hallowed by the bravery and the blood of our Brigade. Soldiers' graves are there, filled with our dead, and we, their survivors, bear their names upon our hearts, where too, their praises are inscribed. Soldiers, for your country have you borne all, perilled all, suffered all ; and for that country you will still bleed and endure, till you have seized from the teeth of this monstrous rebellion the dear inheritance of your children — one name, one country, one home. I shall not be with you, nor shall I strike at your side. But whenever, in other fields, bending beneath grievous burdens, I am weary or faint, one thought of you, brave hearts, shall revive resolu- tion and re-invigorate effort in our common cause. You are of the Army of the Potomac. High hopes rest upon you, and fervid prayers supplicate your success. Objects of hope, and subjects of prayer, comrades in arms, your future is fraught with the destinies of the coming generations. Though sometimes checked, yet never defeated ; though sometimes baffled, yet never beaten, the victories of your past are still within hail of your victories to come ; your country's cause rests upon your arms, and your standards will yet gild the day of its success. Soldiers — Farewell. JOHN COCHRANE, Brig. -General, Comd'g ist Brigade. PHILIP STENGEL, Sergeant Co. A. Remarks of William H. Redheffer, Secretary of 82d Pennsyl- vania Volunteers, at the Camp-Fire. Comrades of Shaler' s Brigade: When a proper history of the grand old Army of the Potomac, of its many severe struggles, marches and hard fought battles, to get possession of its great objective point — Richmond — and the heroic 344 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT deeds of its valorous commanders and soldiers, shall have been written, no one name of that galaxy of heroes will stand out brighter or more prominent than that of George Gordon Meade. That grand old army that was so often out-generaled, and whose commanders were so often out-manceuvred, but whose soldiers were never whipped. You all remember the Peninsula Campaign, under that (then) ideal of the army, McClellan, with our marches and counter-marches, fatigues, hardships and battles, and our many reverses, and yet the old army was never defeated, discomfited or dis- couraged. These to be succeeded by the Maryland Campaign, under the old commander, McClellan, with Antietam and the various other victorious battles — to be succeeded in turn by Burnside and the reverses at Fredericksburg, and the ' ' Mud March, ' ' with the toils, hardships and privations incident to those campaigns ; and then " Fighting Joe" Hooker, with Chancellorsville, Marye's Heights and Salem Church ; to be followed by the second invasion of Maryland and the penetration of the loyal soil of our own State of Pennsylvania. You, comrades of the old ' ' Shaler' s Brigade, ' ' remember how, in the latter part of June, 1863, while on the march, we were informed of the dis- placement of Hooker and the substitution of that grandest of all our commanders. General Meade, to the command of our grand old army. You remember, too, the grumblings and feelings of disappointment and distrust amongst the rank and file at the placing of, as we then thought, a new man at the head of the army, and one who was then comparatively unknown beyond the limits of his own (Fifth) Corps. The first day's fight at Gettysburg, the fall of that gallant soldier, Reynolds, and the sending for our Division Commander Newton to go to the front, to take Reynolds' place, in command of his Corps, are still fresh in your minds. You remember, also, the night march of the first day of the fight, to reach the field of battle in time to take part therein. Wherever the nation most needed a soldier, there some of the grand old Sixth Corps were sent. After our victory here at Gettysburg, then the charge at Funks- town, and the driving of the rebels from our soil, and the ending of the Pennsylvania Campaign. None of us who took part in that battle knew of the anxious days in Philadelphia, Washington, Baltimore and New York, nor of the many sleepless nights passed by the people of those cities during that time ; and not until it was known by them that the grand old invincible Army of the Potomac was confronting Lee and his hosts was confidence restored. This victory at Gettysburg was the first step in the disruption and downfall of the so-called Southern Confederacy. After that the old foe of our army fought on the defensive. No more offensive cam- paigns ; no more invasions of Pennsylvania or Maryland were PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 345 attempted by them. To have lost at Gettysburg meant the imperiUing and possible capture of Washington, Philadelphia, Baltimore and per- haps New York City, and the reorganization of the Southern Con- federacy by Foreign Powers. These catastrophes would have pro- longed the war for years and left the end in doubt. Of course, this is mere conjecture or speculation, but it is the sort of thing indulged in in everyday life, and is pardonable here. General Meade was, to my mind, the greatest soldier and General that ever commanded our old Army of the Potomac. He was a soldier by instinct and education ; one of sound judgment and good, hard common sense. You must remember that the battle of Gettysburg, the best fought and most decisive in results of the war, was fought within less than one week after he had assumed command of the army. We were on the march for somewhere, wherever Lee's army might be. But where were they? That was the question. Like the true soldier that he was, Meade took command, and within less than one week thereafter, fought the hardest battle of the war, with the most glorious results. General Meade was no hurrah soldier ; he was a soldier in the strongest acceptation of the term ; and I do not wish to detract from the merits of any of the other heroes of the war when I repeat that to my mind — a soldier in the ranks — he was the greatest strategist, fighter and soldier that ever com- manded our army. There have been other claimants for the honor of having selected the position for the battle of Gettysburg, and some have boldly asserted that Meade had nothing to fio with it, while others, in their claim, would almost make one think that Meade wasn' t in the fight at all ! When Meade took command, our army was acting on the defen- sive. We were after our old foe, Lee ; but where he was at, that time, no one knew. Therefore, Meade was obliged to move cau- tiously and feel his way gradually. But, when Buford discovered the enemy's whereabouts, and the gallant Reynolds, soldier-like, obeyed the soldier instinct and marched his column toward the sound of the guns, and fell, covered with glory — then Meade knew where Lee was, and immediately ordered his entire army to the scene of conflict, Gettys- burg. His instructions to Hancock, of July ist, were, "That you CHAS. R. SLAYSMAN, Co. H. y46 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT proceed to the front, and by virtue of this order, in case of Reynolds' death (as reported) you assume command of the Corps there assembled," and he further said, "Incase the ground and position are better for a fight than the one heretofore selected (Pipe Creek), you will advise me and I will order all the troops up. ' ' Hancock re- ported, and Meade ordered all the troops up at once and arrived on the field in person shortly after midnight. Now, if General Meade did not select the site for that battle, who did? Surely, no one will argue but that as General Commanding he could, after the first day's fight, have withdrawn the army to Pipe Creek or elsewhere, if he so chose, and fought his battle. Meade's instructions to Hancock cannot be mistaken or misunderstood, read them as we will. He said, "If you think the ground and position (at Gettysburg) a better one on which to fight a battle * * * so advise me, and I will order all the troops up." If he had not intended to give battle to the enemy, wherever he found him, with advantages always in our favor, wouldn't he have ordered a retreat, even after Hancock's report, and fought on ground of his own selection ? Most assuredly. Meade intended to fight, not retreat ; and he fought with results well known to us all. And the future historian, in reviewing the many battles of the RebelUon, and the soldiers that participated therein, will, I feel satisfied, accord to General Meade the full merit and praise that he earned, and to which he is so justly entitled. I have always believed that Divine Providence had much to do with the selection of General Meade as our commander at that battle. We could have afforded and did suffer reverses in many of our other battles without serious effect, but supposing we had been defeated there ! then what ? I have no words of condemnation or censure, nor do I say it in a spirit of fault-finding, but I think a mistake was made in not naming General Meade for the Lieutenant-Generalship. I don't say this out of any disrespect, or to detract from the laurels of the soldier that was named for that position — for I consider him one of the ablest of our generals. That Meade was a great and safe soldier, thoroughly effi- cient and competent in every respect, was attested to by General Grant himself, in retaining him as Commander of the Army of the Potomac. He ably aided and seconded Grant in his plans and cam- paigns, which culminated in the defeat of Lee's army, and the over- throw of the Rebellion ; and if he had not been a true soldier. Grant would not have tolerated him for a moment. And the strongest argument that I can make in support of my assertion of the slight put upon Meade, is this action of Grant's in retaining him in command of our army, as he did. After a while, those who follow after us will write a correct history PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 347 on old battlefields, should be of our deeds, without fear, favor or affection and without passion or prejudice. Then I am satisfied that full justice will be done the name of General Meade, and his name will stand out boldly in the front rank with the other heroes of the Union armies that took part in the war of the Rebellion. The gatherings of old soldiers, encouraged, not only by the sol- diers who took part in them, but by the people at large, as they serve to keep alive the old fraternal feelings between old comrades in arms, and stimulate the rising gen- eration to emulate the example of their sires, and fosters and kindles in the breast of the young a proper spirit of patriotism and love of country ; so that in the future, should our country' s life ever again be imperilled, they will spring to her defense with the same spirit and as gallantly as did their fathers before them. Comrades, some of us who met here upon this occasion may, perhaps, never attend such another gathering. We are getting old and others must take our places. Let our actions be such that we would have our children emulate them. Let us do no act or say one word the recital of which would wound the feelings of others, or cause pain to ourselves. Let our everyday lives be living e.xamples of probity, honor and rectitude for our children and our children's children. Comrades,! am done. That God, in His infinite wisdom, may guide us all in the future as He has in the past, is my earnest prayer. Good 7iight! WILLIAM A. FOWLER, Co. A. SUE'S WEDDING. READ AT CAMP-FIRE BY MASTER EDDIE CRAIG, OF ALLEGHENY CITY, PA. Sue ought to have been married a long time ago. That's what everybody says who knows her. She has been engaged to Mr. Travers for over three years, and has had to refuse lots of offers to go to circuses with other young men. I have wanted her to get married so that I could live with her and Mr. Travers, and when I think if it hadn't been for a mistake I made 348 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT yesterday, she would have been married, I feel it awfully hard to be resigned, but we should always be resigned to anything we can't help. Before I go any further, I want to tell you about my printing- press. It did belong to Tom Maginness, but he got tired of it and let me have it real cheap. He was going to get it exchanged for a bicycle, a St. Bernard dog and twelve good books, but he finally consented to let me have it for $1.50. It prints beautifully, and I have made $3.75 already, printing cards for the neighbors. I thought Tom and I might have a show some time, so I sent to town and bought some yellow paper, and some type, more than an inch high. It was decided that Sue would be married next week, and you should have seen the state of mind her and mother were in. They did nothing but sew and buy clothes and talk about the wedding all day long. Sue said she wanted to be married in the church, and have bridesmaids and flowers and music till you couldn't rest, and the only thing that troubled her was who to invite. Mother wanted her to in- vite Mr. and Mrs. McFadden and the seven McFadden girls; but Sue said they had insulted her, and she couldn't bear the idea of inviting the McFadden tribe. All agreed that old Mr. Wilkinson, who came to a party at our house with one shoe and one slipper on, could not be invited, but that all others who were on good terms with the family should have an invitation. Sue counted up all she meant to invite, and there were nearly three hundred of them; and the worst of it was that Sue said I must deliver all the invitations myself. Now, you see, I couldn't do that without losing time, which is always valuable; so I thought of a plan which would save Sue the trouble of addressing three hundred invitations, and the trouble of delivering them. I got to work, with my printing-press, and printed a dozen splendid big bills about the wedding. Then I cut some pictures of animals and ladies on horses out of some old circus bills I had and pasted them around the edge. That night I made some paste in an old tin pail and went out and pasted the bills in good places, all over the town. The next day father came in, looking very stern, with one of the wedding bills in his hand. He handed it to Sue, and said, "Susan, what does this mean ? These bills are pasted all over the town, and crowds of people are reading them." Sue read it, gave a shriek, and fainted away, and I went down to the post-office to see if there was any mail there. This was what was on the wedding bills, and I am sure it was spelled all right : 23D P. V. CAMP GRAHAM, Company Street During the Festival Week— 1 86 1. 349 350 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT MISS SUSAN BROWN announces that she will marry MR. JAMES TRAVERS, at the church, on Thursday, at 7 o'clock. All the friends of the family with the exception of the McFadden tribe and old Mr. Wilkinson are invited. Come early and bring Lots of Flowers. Now, what's wrong about that? I'm sure it was all spelled right, with the exception of the name of the church, and I didn't put that in because I wasn't sure how to spell it. Any other girl but Sue would have been grateful and thanked me for my trouble; but she began to cry, and said that she would go to New York to be married, for she couldn't be married in town after that boy' s dreadful conduct. The worst of it is, that I am to be sent to a boarding-school ; and all because I pasted up a few bills without first asking my sister how she wanted them printed. Telegram to General Philip Sheridan. The boys did not forget their loved "Chief" amid the festivities, and wired the following telegram to his sick-chamber : Gettysburg, June 13th, 1888. Colonel Mike Sheridan, Washington, D. C. Shaler's Brigade, of the old Sixth Corps, in Reunion on the Gettysburg Battlefield, tender their kind regards and heartfelt sym- pathy to their old commander. General Sheridan. WM. J. WRAY, Secretary. Letter from Major J. B. Davis, i22d New York Volunteers. Hot Springs, Ark., June 6th, 1888. My Dear Comrade : I sent you a telegram a few days ago, that I could not come to join with my old associates and discharge the duty assigned to me in the dedicatory exercises at Gettysburg. It was the hardest task I ever PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. ?,r,l had imposed upon me, and nothing but my weakened physical condi- tion prevented me from going. I so long to be with you on that occa- sion and to see, perhaps for the last time, some of the dear old ' ' twosters ' ' who were with me in that fight ! But I shall not see them. I shall not grasp their friendly hands nor look into their kindly faces again on earth. It may be, if my health is regained, that I shall be able to see you, or some of you, at least, at the annual Re- union on August 28th — but this is in the future. I shall be with you in spirit in all your gatherings, and go through your exercises, enjoy your sallies of wit and songs of mirth, and I desire to have you to say to all the members of my old regi- ')nent especially, and to all in the regiment who remember me, that my heart just shakes hands with them all. The years glide by and the last roll-call will soon come to each one of us. May your meeting be a grand success. I hope our monument stands on that big rock where the ravine begins. Please send me a map of the ground — a rough sketch, showing it all, with location of monument. Oh ! I regret that I cannot be with you on this grand occasion. It seems I must go ! but there is no use. I am so weary — I yield to the call for rest. God bless all my dear old comrades. Fraternally yours, A. H. HuBBS, J. B. DAVIS. President Survivors' Association, i22d N. Y. Vols. GOTTLIEB STAIGER, Corporal Co. C. RESOLUTION BY THE LADIES. At a meeting of the ladies who attended the Reunion, in the par- lors of the Eagle Hotel, on Wednesday evening, Mrs. General Shaler presiding, the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That we unite in most heartfelt thanks our appreciation of the many courtesies extended to us by the survivors of Shaler' s Bri- gade and their friends, which have made our visit with you, in your Monumental Dedication and Reunion occasion, such a pleasant and happy event. MRS. GENERAL SHALER, President, MISS EMMA WRAY, Secretary, MRS. J. MOFFITT, Assistant Secretary. 352 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT REUNION CLIPPINGS js^ from .C The Fayetteville "Recorder," of Ne-wr YorK, " TrvatK," " Compiler," " Star" and " Sentinel," of Gettysburg, and Individual Contributors. The editor of Tlie Truth, in getting out an extra edition, showed considerable enterprise. The report was quite a re- view of the Reunion. We congratulate such energy. The Compiler and the Staj- and Sentinel, of Gettysburg, gave a very interesting, readable account of the Reunion. The Eagle, McClellan, City and Globe Inn, at Gettys- burg, were used as the headquarters of the several commands. All report the accommodations par excellence. On the arrival of the train bringing General Shaler, the following additional friends of the i22d joined the party: Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Slauson, Miss Slauson, Miss NelHe Slauson, Miss Carpenter and Mr. and Mrs. P. M. Wilson, of New York City, Mr. and Mrs. Heintz and Mr. J. L. Loomis, of Philadelphia, Pa., and Mrs. Guy Moses, Miss Gaylord and Mr. Z. Moses, of Washington, D. C. The efficient services rendered by the Committee having charge of the selection and location of the monument of the I22d New York and the arrangements for the excursion, and especially the zeal and efficiency of Colonel O. V. Tracy, who devoted his services and money freely to promote the under- taking, are gratefully remembered by the comrades, who de- sire us to give expression to this feeling. Colonel John F. Glenn, of Philadelphia, the Grand Con- ductor of the Ball, knows when he has good music, and quick- ly decided to swap bands, in order that the dancers could enjoy the maze. The I22d New York were drawn up in line on arrival of the other regiments of the brigade, under the command of Colonel Silas Titus, and as the column passed by, with ladies on their arms and gripsack in hand, gave them a marching salute. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 353 Captain R. H. Moses, of New York City, who has acted as the representative of the 12 2d on the committee of arrange- ments for the brigade Reunion, devoted much time to the affair, earning the congratulations of his comrades for the suc- cessful result. His interest in the old regiment and all that concerns it seems to increase with the advance of time. Two new faces, which have been missing from our annual reunions, were seen at Gettysburg, and the cordial welcome they received must convince them that the fraternal feelings engendered by the experiences of army life grow stronger as years go by. We refer to Captain Lucius Moses and Ser- geant Charles Eldridge. William J. Wray, the efficient Secretary of the Brigade Association, was the leading spirit of the Reunion, and the success of the reunion is largely due to his efforts, both in the work of preparation and in the subsequent supervision of the same. The 12 2d boys were shown many favors by him and his associates, which they will remember with grati- tude. The popular President of the 8 2d Pennsylvania Asso- ciation, Colonel John M. Wetherill, of Pottsville, and their energetic Secretary, Wil- liam H. Redheffer, of Phila- delphia, were each presented with a handsome Sixth Corps badge — red enamel, with words, " 82d P. V."— by the Survivors' Association, 82d Pennsylvania Volunteers ; a most deserving tribute, as both worked very hard in their efforts to make the Re- union a success. General Shaler must have been touched with the hearty reception accorded him by the members of his old command. Every mention of his name was greeted with hearty cheers, and whenever he appeared he was tendered a perfect ova- ROBT. C. NEWBURG, Sergt. -Major ist Battalion, ist New Jersey Cavalry. Co. B 23d P. V. Three months' service. 554 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT tion. He will always be regarded with respect and esteem by the veterans of his old brigade, who always admired and trusted him. He was to them an ideal hero and com- mander. The members of the i22d were, during their stay at Get- tysburg, the recipients of many courtesies and attentions from the 23d Pennsylvania, which they desire to gratefully acknowl- edge. It was indeed a very happy thought of General Shaler to suggest a Reunion of the old Brigade, and the spirit in which the reorganization of the old commands began demonstrated how strong the ties of comradeship existed these many years ; for, within ten months after the call was sounded, the com- rades were brought into their several regimental associa- tions. Many were found residing in nearly all the States, and on June 12th, the monuments were erected, ready for the dedi- cation. The elements were even with us in the celebration, as three more desirable days could not have been selected if the committee had been given the entire calendar to choose from. It was a great disappointment to all who were present at the Reunion, that Major J. B. Davis, of the I22d, who was severely wounded at Gulp's Hill, was unable to come on account of illness. How sadly disappointed the Major was himself is told in his letter, which we take great pleasure in publishing. Colonel John F. Glenn, of the 23d Pennsylvania Volun- teers, with about fifty of the survivors of the regiment with their wives, on Wednesday made a special tour of five hours over the battle field, under the guidance of that popular and efficient guide. Captain James T. Long, who gave them a general description of the three days' battle from three dif- ferent points, namely. Cemetery Hill, Round Top and the Bloody Angle. Among the visitors that we met in Gettysburg this week were H. Willis Bland, Esq., a well-known Reading lawyer, and a member of the Sad Pennsylvania Regiment, and Mr. J. C. Aitken, ot Philadelphia. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER LN'FANTRV. 355 WM. A party of eight, belonging to the Reunion visitors, met with an accident that might have been serious, on Wednesday evening, while returning from a trip over the field. As the two-horse vehicle in which they were seated arrived on the top of Baltimore Hill, the right hand spindle on the rear axle broke. Down went the con- veyance, turning completely over, and throwing all the oc- cupants out on the street. Strange to say, all escaped un- hurt, with the exception of one, whose shoulder was pain- fully bruised. The latter was Comrade George Slaysman, a member of the 23d Pennsyl- vania Regiment. General Shaler and his party arrived here on Tuesday afternoon He was accom- panied by his wife. Colonel William DeC. Boughton, Major C. H. Tucker and Colonel John B. Woodruff, of New York ; Colonel John Oakey, of Brooklyn, ex-District Attorney of Kings County ; Colonel Samuel Truesdell and Samuel Truesdell, Jr., of Brooklyn ; Colonel G. W. Ford, Mrs. Matthew Shaler, Mrs. Colonel Jussen and Mrs. Fred Grow. On their way here the party spent Monday night at the Continental Hotel, in Philadelphia, and a mem- ber of the old brigade staff said to a reporter of the Times, of that city : " We thought we would go up to Gettysburg a little ahead of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the battle, which occurs next month, and have a little Reunion before the crowd gets there. The Reunion will take place on the field. There will be between forty and fifty thousand people at Get- tysburg on the twenty-fifth anniversary of the battle, and there wouldn't be much room for us to hold a Reunion there on account of the crowds." After leaving Harrisburg, while on his way to Gettysburg, on Tuesday, with the Survivors of Shaler's Brigade, Mr. George Dougherty, of Philadelphia, a member of the 23d H, BANTOM, Co. G. 356 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Pennsylvania Regiment, met with a rather serious mishap. One of his comrades tripped over a box in the lunch car, where there were no seats, and was thrown against a win- dow, his elbow going through the glass. In his fall he also struck Mr. Dougherty, and the latter was thrown back against the broken glass, cutting an artery in the neighborhood of his collar bone. The profuse bleeding was stopped by compression, the injured man's comrades taking turns in holding their thumbs on the orifice with a compressed handkerchief. Dr. Roller, the old surgeon of the regiment, was on the train, and he telegraphed from one of the way stations to Dr. T. T. Tate, of this place, asking him to be in readiness on the arrival of the train. Dr. Tate did so, and took Mr. Dougherty under his charge, administering the nec- essary surgical attention, the injured man was able to be out again on Wednesday. The Commissary Gang of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers captured quite a squad of the Eighty-second at the Vineyards. After cracking several botts of grape-juice, they were paroled and went on their way rejoicing. Professor William Malcolm, of Philadelphia, the minerolo- gist, brought home several specimens for his cabinet. Prof. Sheely, of Gettysburg College, gave an exhibition of his valu- able collection. We tried bricks and cobble-stones on Male, but he knew them on sight. The flag used to veil the One-Hundred-and-Twenty-second monument was loaned for the occasion by Mrs. O. V. Tracy, who cherishes it as a valued relic of her lamented father. The flag was presented by the War Department to Hon. Charles B. Sedgwick, then Onondaga's representative in Congress and Chairman of the Committee on Naval Affairs. Mrs. Tracy was also a cousin of our beloved commander. General John Sedgwick. Secretary William J. Wray, of Shaler's Brigade, is a courte- ous gentleman to whose efforts much of the Reunion's success was due. He labored early and late in its interest, but not without results that he may well feel proud of. He was pre- sented, while here, with a gold pin in the shape of a Sixth Corps badge, with the name of his regiment, the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, inscribed thereon. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 357 The Camp-Fire was one of the happy events of the occa- sion. The old Court House was never so crowded before with so many cheerful faces, made so by the laughable incidents and enjoyments of the talent dispensed, each of the commands contributing its best to entertain. The dedication was complete in all its details. The march to the ground in organization, the great crowds of townspeople in attendance, the historical and eloquent addresses at each of the monument dedications, with the other impressive and ap- propriate ceremonies, was the crowning feature of the celebra- tion — highly creditable to the brigade. Captain Moses' contingent, of the One-Hundred-and- Twenty-second, came in from New York City and Washing- ton, and were a pleasant party of ladies and gentlemen ; among the number being the Captain's mother and Mr. Slauson, his business partner. The Twenty-third Pennsylvania's hospitable supplies were inexhaustible ; lunch, cigars, etc., were continually passed through the train, going and returning, as well as at the Camp- Fire and its Ball. In fact, at all times the cry was, " Come and help yourself," and if you didn't, the Commissary would help you. We met General Shaler, with the ladies of his party, at the Vineyards. The cool, un- fermented wine was quite re- freshing. The only regret of the trip was the absence of the First Long Island. May they so ar- range as to join with us on all future occasions. John M. Ruber, Esq., the druggist, of Gettysburg, was of valuable assistance in looking after many of the details on be- half of the brigade, for which we heartily thank him. His brother Frederick was killed in action, at Fair Oaks, while serving as ist Sergeant, F Company, Twenty-third Pennsyl- JUHN McCABE. Corporal Co. C. 358 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT vania, being the first Union soldier from Gettysburg killed in the war. The thanks of the brigade are tendered the Rev. H. W. McKnight, President of the Gettysburg College, for his ser- vices as Chaplain at the Dedications. He had the honor to serve in the One-Hundred-and-Thirty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers — one of the old Sixth Corps regiments. The badges worn during the Reunion were neat and ap- propriate ; that of the survivors being red silken ribbon, with blue Greek cross, designating the old Third Division, which the Brigade served in, inscribed : " Survivors of the (each command having its own designation), Shaler's Brigade Re- union, Gettysburg, 1 863-1 888." The friends' were of white silken ribbon, with the same inscription, with the words " Friends," in place of " Survivors." Gettysburg Battlefield we found so well preserved as to scarcely need the services of a guide, the Battlefield Associa- tion having laid out roads along the entire lines, with sign- boards denoting the positions. Over two hundred monuments have been erected on positions occupied by troops in the action. All are original works of art ; many of unique and beautiful design. One would think, who has never visited the field, that with all these monuments it would have the sem- blance of a graveyard. Far from it, as it takes miles of driving to get around to view them. Whitey Williams, of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania " Commissary," found time with all his duties to act as the Good Samaritan in conveying Comrade Dougherty, who was injured on the train, to the hotel. By reason of the horses running away, he now wears a bran new pair of pants. Colonel John Oakey, of Brooklyn, and Colonel George W. Ford, of Connecticut, were the most venerable veterans on the trip, and seemed to enjoy the occasion quite as well as did the " youngsters." The Pennsylvania Railroad sent W. C. Diefenderfer, Esq., their representative, with the special from Philadelphia, with orders to remain with the party until their return — something unusual.. So comfort and convenience was assured. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 359 Secretary George Gilbert, of the One-Hundred and-Twen- ty-second, worked hard, looking after the comfort of the " Twosters," and was doubly repaid in the consolation that everybody was pleased. The Official Visitations to the Fields of the First, Second and Third Days was instruc- tive ; graphically described in story of the action as well as in the many hundreds of monuments, marking the positions occupied by the troops participating. The well-made roads, with the lines so distinctly marked, tells of the good work per- formed by the Battlefield As- sociation, in the preservation of the Mecca of the War. To all those on the trip we congratulate, as to their presence, dignity, sociability and good behavior, which made our first Reunion such a grand success and so happy an event. Captain O'Brien, of the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, with his two stalwart sons, said the occasion was the happiest day of his Hfe. He don't seem to have lost any of the sunshine of life, " old as he is." Colonel William J. Wallace, of the Twenty-second, is the same old Bill Wallace, of army days. He and his good wife took in all the enjoyments of the trip. The Fayetteville Recorder, of New York, gave a very reada- ble detail of the Reunion, occupying several columns of their paper, during three weekly editions. Brevet-Major A. W Wilkin, the editor, was on the trip, enjoying himself, as well as taking notes of all that was going on. Dr. Knapp, of the One-Hundred and-Twenty-second, after trying in vain to follow Captain Ostrander (who lost his leg in CHAS. DONAHUE, Co. G 360 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT the Wilderness,) over the field, dubbed him the " One legged antelope." The Birney Zouave Statue that surmounts the Twenty- third Pennsylvania Monument was designed by John Fergur- son, the proprietor of the Philadelphia Granite Works. It was modeled in clay by John Walz, Esq., of Philadelphia, a pupil of Prof. Wiley, late of the Academy of Fine Arts, of Philadel- phia, and of Professor Milley, of Paris. It represents a youthful soldier of nineteen years of age — the average age of the men of the regiment in 1863. The designer and modeler are to be congratulated upon the artistic and unique and appropriate position they have placed the figure. It is quite original ; showing the soldier grasping his piece from a trail arms — a reality — just as he appeared when he suddenly received the fire of the enemy. George Dougherty's body guard from Kensington were a jolly set and enjoyed the occasion very much. Our friend Sam Graves was of the party, and never tired trying to make everybody happy. Colonel Buehler, of Gettysburg, the Vice President of the Battle-field Association, in very complimentary terms congratu- lated the Brigade visit as one of the most successful and pleasant that came to the old town. The boys of Corporal Skelly Post, Gettysburg, were around at all times, trying to make the visitors feel at home. The use of their comfortable Hall was tendered us should occasion require, for which we return thanks. Stout, robust, hale, hearty and rosy cheeks, Levi Albertson of the Twenty-third, worked and perspired in dealing around the ball-room the refreshments, and seemed to enjoy it ; im- bued with the sentiment of us all, always ready to assist in making everybody pleased. At the Dedication Grounds, nearly everybody cut a cane, or picked up some relic to take home to present to friends for their cabinets, as souvenirs of the spot where the Brigade was engaged. William Blanck, Sr., one of the oldest comrades of the Twenty-third, was on the trip with his aged wife. We found PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER LNFANTRY. 361 them with us in all the occasions of the celebration, notwith- standing the fatigue of the journey. The Eighty-second Pennsylvania Monument was the de- sign and workmanship of John Fergurson, of Philadelphia. The bronze coat-of-arms of the State of Pennsylvania, on the Twenty-third and Eighty-second monuments, was cast by Bureau Brothers, of Philadelphia. Colonel Wallace and Bill Baker took charge of the distri- bution of the programs of the Ball. They say the next time they take charge of such work it will be by orders and not as THE WHIRLIGIG— REACHING FOR PRIZES. Twenty-third P. V. Camp, 1861. volunteers, as they lost nearly all their buttons in their desire to " just give me another one." We found both the Pennsylvania and New York Com- missioners in charge of the erection of monuments ; pains- taking, exacting and true to their trusts — for which we add our commendation and congratulations. We take great pleasure in publishing their names. ;!B-i HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA COMMISSIONERS. General Jno. P Taylor, General J. P. S. Gobin, Colonel John P. Nicholson, Colonel R. Bruce Ricketts, Major Samuel Harper. NEW YORK COMMISSIONERS. General Daniel E. Sickles, General Henry W. Slocum, General Joseph B. Carr, General Charles A. Richardson, Gen- eral Josiah Porter, General Charles K. Graham, Major George W Cooney. Many of the comrades of the Twenty-third visited the spot beyond the Taneytown Road, in the rear of the left centre, where Lieutenant Joshua Garsed, one of their most efficient and brave officers, was killed during the action of July 3d. His brother, H. E. Garsed, Esq., of the Ninety-fifth Pennsyl- vania, one of Philadelphia's attorneys, and his nephew, we found among the visitors. The police of Gettysburg were well pleased with the visitation, as during the celebration they had no occasion to carry anybody off to the guard-house. We thank them for the police regulations at the Camp-Fire and Ball. A contingent of the Chasseurs, Sixty-fifth New York, stopped at the Springs Hotel and enjoyed the medicinal waters of the celebrated Katasalyn Springs. We gave them a call on the visit to the first day's action, and were warmly wel- comed. THE SIXTH CORPS BADGE. The committee of arrangements for the Reunion at Gettysburg have prepared an elegant badge, to be worn by the survivors of the One Hundred and Twenty-second New York, and a separate badge for the friends who accompany them. The blue Greek cross which then designated the di- vision of the Sixth Corps to which the regiment was attached, forms a part of this badge. The frequent reorganizations made necessary by the heavy casualties of the campaigns under Grant, beginning in the Wilderness, while not separat- ing the regiments originally Shaler's Brigade, caused several changes in assignment to divisions ; and the One Hundred and Twenty-second was at different times attached to the First, Second and Third Divisions of the Sixth Corps, with corres- PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 363 ponding changes in the color of the division cross. A " Twoster " can, therefore, sport a red, white or blue cross, as he pleases. His regiment never dishonored either of the colors and carried itself with honor in all the prominent engagements in which the Army of the Poto- mac participated, from Antie- tam to Appomattox, and in ad- dition to these it bore a promi- nent part in the glories of the Valley Campaign under Sher- idan, in '64, winning laurels at "Fort Stevens," "Winches- ter," "Fisher's Hill" and " Cedar Creek." Tipton, the Gettysburg photographer, very kindly furnished gratis the photos of the several cuts in this book appertaining to Gettysburg field. He says he couldn't think of making any charge for anything needed in the publi- cation. Nick Wilson, the Superintendent of the battlefield grounds, we found to be a genial gentleman, ready to accom- modate at all times. He wears the blue cross with pride, having served in the Third Division of the Sixth Corps. General Shaler brought with him, in honor of the Re- union, the old Brigade Headquarters flag. Comrade William McEntee, of the Sixty-fifth New York, took charge of it, carry- ing it on all occasions of the celebration. Mac felt highly honored in the selection, and well he might be, as the old standard led the Brigade in all its service. Sammy McPheeters, of the One Hundred and Twenty- second, on his way from Syracuse, found the night air so chilly, after getting into Pennsylvania, that he proposed to get out and make a fire of fence rails. Thanks to somebody, the stoves were found to be fully supplied with fuel, and soon the cars were made comfortable. So Sammy didn't go fence- railing. STEPHEN PALMORE, 1st Sergeant Co H. 364 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Captain R. H. Moses, of New York City, wlio has acted as tlie representative of tlie One Hundred and Twenty-second on the committee of arrangements for the Brigade Reunion, has devoted much time to the affair, and is to be congratulated by his comrades for the successful result. His interest in the old regiment, and all that concerns it, seems to increase with the advance of time. We are greatly indebted to him for in- formation furnished from time to time in the preparation of the Veterans' Column. The mothers, daughters and " other fellers' sisters " on the trip, added tone and dignity to the occasion ; so we couldn't help but be on our best behaviour. Colonel Glenn's party, consisting of his wife, two daugh- ters — Miss M. E. and Miss H. M. Glenn— Mrs. Bowers, Mrs. Swartz, John Fox and wife, John Woodhead and wife, George Boger and wife, Alex. Colville and wife, Lambert Cline and wife, Conrad Cline and wife, Samuel Collins and wife, John Callahan and wife, Jos. Jordan and wife, Harry Clayton and wife, Daniel Engleman and wife, James Weldon and wife, Samuel Cavin, Jos. Bartley, J. G. Aitkin, O. G. Aitkin and Professor McMichael, were a most social crowd, adding much to the pleasure of the occasion. Little Johnnie Johnson's Brigade, from Philadelphia, was with us in forec, in light infantry order. The heavies were left back to guard the homestead. Captain Dick Lippincott marshalled the Rancocas con- tingent ot fourteen. They roomed together, a most social crowd. We found the squad wherever we went, enjoying the occasion. Dick says he will have to kill some of them off, or they will soon outnumber the survivors. Joe White, of the Twenty-third, joined the column at Gettysburg, with his wife and daughter — Miss Laura, R. Frank Walker, wife and son, Chas. W. Gibson, wife and daughter — Miss Pauline, James G. Milliken, wife and son — Clayton, all of Eastern Maryland ; so Maryland, " My Maryland " was repre- sented with a very pleasant party of our friends. They stopped over to greet the Maryland veterans who were to dedicate tablets. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 365 Comrade Redheffer, of the Eighty second, had been pre- vailed upon, by one of the young lady attaches of the City Hotel, to act as her escort to the Ball. While he was tem- porarily absent, arranging his curly locks and making his toilet. Captain Williams (82d), having previously learned of these intentions, ingratiated himself into the good graces of the aforesaid young lady, and easily persuaded her to cut the " Corporal " and ac- cept the "Captain" as her es- cort. When Redheffer, in full feather, returned, and learned what had been done in his ab- sence, he was a little put out at the disappointment, but solaced himself with the old adage of there being "as good fish in the sea as ever were caught." Being apprised that " Grand Pop " Cochrane had promised to do the agreeable for two other of the young ladies of the hotel, Bill not wanting to be left out in the cold en- tirely, called upon the young ladies in question and informed them that Dick would not be able to chaperon them, and, in his usual suave and persuasive manner, induced them to permit him to do the honors ; to which the ladies gladly and wilhngly assented, and the "Corporal" astonished the boys of the Eighty- second by marching into the ball-room, escorting the two young ladies. Poor Dick, when he learned of the trick that had been so successfully played on him, vowed vengeance on the destroyer of his happiness. He rushed to the Rink, resolved to spill the Corporal's gore. He entered the ball- room, with blood in his eyes ; but, at the sight of so much beauty, he became completely dazzled, and in a few moments he was waltzing around the room with one of the City belles, entirely oblivious to all, and seemingly very happy with him- self. But Dick declared that the next time he makes an engagement to act as escort to a young lady, he will have the Corporal muzzled. JOHN HENDERSON. Co. E. 366 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT The popular Adjutant of the Twenty-third, Thomas K. Boggs, by reason of a severe wound received in action, is now an invaUd. His physician would not permit him to attend the Reunion, but he was with us in contribution and spirit. Many inquiries were made for him by the boys. To all the survivors of the Brigade who were unable to be with us on the trip, we send hearty greetings, and hope they will answer roll-call at the next Reunion. The Brigade Committee issued a card program, to con- veniently carry in the vest pocket, containing the hour of each of the many ceremonies of the Reunion. We found it quite handy ; saving the annoyance of hunting up the Com- mittee, to learn " what next?" Secretary Krauth, of the Battlefield Association, very kindly secured from the town authorities the use of the Court House, for the Camp-Fire. This gentleman we found ready and willing at all times to assist, and we thank him for his many attentions. The newspapers gave very extended notices of our Brigade celebration, for which we cordially thank them. Dr. Roller, of Hollidaysburg, don't seem to age fast. From Surgeon of the Twenty-third he became one of the distin- guished of his profession in the Army of the Potomac. He met many on the trip whom he attended their wounds on the field. The boys were glad to greet him. Colonel Sam Truesdell, Secretary of the Sixty-fifth, with his artificial leg, managed to get around to participate in all the events of the occasion, although he had to talk in whispers — the result of a severe cold contracted on the trip. The old Colonel of the One-hundred-and-twenty-second, Colonel Silas Titus, we found with his old command, looking hale and hearty for one so aged. May he live for many, many more years and enjoy the pleasures of life. The Complimentary Ball of the Twenty-third was a pleasing ending of the festivities of the Reunion ; giving the opportunity of all mingling in the pleasures of youthful time, which was indeed very much enjoyed by the Brigade people, as well as those of Gettysburg's invited. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, 367 The hospitality extended by all the commands made everybody feel at home, and it was the expression from all that in the near future the Brigade should hold another Reunion. Groups of the survivors around the monuments and other points on the field were taken by the photographers, Tipton and Mumford, of Gettysburg, Rile & Co., of Phila- delphia. Shaler's Brigade monuments are on the top of a slope at Gulp's Hill, in rear of the line of works they occupied during the action of the morning of the third day. The Battlefield Association, in arranging the positions, laid out brigade lines. Green's Brigade, Twelfth Corps, who built and originally occupied the works, are placed immediately in rear of the front line. Twenty feet back is Candy's Brigade line, who relieved them, and twenty feet further back is Shaler's, with the exception of the One-hundred-and-twenty-second New York, who occupy a large boulder in the works — they having secured a deed for the position before that portion of the line was purchased by the Asso- ciation. Of the forty survivors of the One-hundred-and-twenty- second New York Volunteers present, three had each lost a leg, three each an arm, and a number of the others bore honorable scars. The audience at the Camp-Fire were very enthus- iastic, catching on quickly to all that was good. It was, indeed, quite an honor to pre- THOS. H. MICHALS, Sergeant Co. H. side over such an assembly, so full of distinction, intelligence and appreciation. What stalwart fellows were the One-hundred-and-twenty- second New York. It must be a fine growing country up in Onondaga County ; we shook hands with several of the boys 368 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT over six feet. Poole, Gilbert and Hubbs, as a combine, would weigh as much as the gallant chargers at Balakava fiumbered. Syracuse was well represented in all that assisted in mak- ing the Reunion a success. Strong in numbers, sociability, eloquence and deportment. For the compilation of this book and the other honors bestowed upon the Secretary, he gratefully returns his thanks to the Brigade Association. Mr. W. C. Diefenderfer, of Philadelphia, who was detailed as the representative of the Pennsjdvania Railroad Passenger Department for the round trip, was indefatigable in making all the railway arrangements as comfortable as possible. We found him quite a pleasant gentleman, who seemed to enjoy the trip. Captain Thomas McKean, of the Eighty-second, came on from Brooklyn, and was warmly welcomed by his old com- rades, whom he had not met since the muster-out. Although nearly half a centennial since he was born, he don't seem to have passed the thirties. The following are the crews that safely carried our Special from Philadelphia to Gettysburg and return, and we shake them warmly by the hand. Pennsylvania Railroad— To Harrisburg. Conductor — Jas. Sterling. Baggage -Master — Jno. M. Mur- phy. Brakemen — Frank Frenip, Hayes Speakman. Engineer — B. F. Kennedy. Fireman — Jno. Cline. Cumberland Valley — Harrisburg To Gettysburg. Conductor — E. N. Linthurst. Brakenian — Lindsay Reed. Baggage-Master — Jos. Poulton. Engineer — J. L. Talhelm. Fire- man — A. Talhelm. On the home trip we came through from Harrisburg to Philadelphia, without a stop, forty-five minutes ahead of time, in charge of Engineer — Samuel Lill)' — Fireman — M. Kirk. Conductor — C. W. Rowan. Brakeman — Jas. Thatcher and Geo. Peterson, Colonel Glenn, of the Twenty-third, said he intended the trip should be the best one of his life. Now he's happy, as he PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 369 not only got his wish, but succeeded in making everybody have a share in just such a claim. Twenty-Third Pennsylvania Volunteers. The Survivors' Association, on Tuesday evening last, were presented with marks of appreciation of their hospitality during their Brigade Gettysburg Reunion, from the Brigade Committee, the Eighty-second Pennsylvania, Sixty-fifth New York and One-hundred-and-twenty-second New York. As hosts of the occasion, they were glad to know how well every- body was pleased. General Alexander Shaler, Chairman of the Brigade Com- mittee, wrote a very complimentar}' letter of thanks in behalf of the Committee of Arrange- ments. The next in order was the reading of a resolution of thanks from the Eighty-sec- ond Pennsylvania Volunteers' Association. A letter from the Sixty-fifth New York was very expressive of thanks, ending with " God bless the old Twenty-third." The next in or- der was a handsomely framed group of the One-hundred- and-twenty-second New York survivors, who were present at Gettysburg, accompanied with an elaborate engrossed framed lettter of resolutions. Then followed the presentation of testimonials to Com- rades Wm. H. Bantom, Gott. Staiger, Cranmer Williams, Geo. Dougherty of the " Commissary Department," and Captain Jas. M. Craig, of Allegheny City, who worked hard to make the Reunion a success. The gifts were gold badges, in cir- cular form, embracing the Sixth Corps mark, red enamel in centre, with the words "23d P. V." on the top scroll and " '63 — Gettysburg— '88'' on the lower, with their names on the re- verse side. Colonel John F. Glenn, the President of their As- sociation, was then presented with a gold Sixth Corps badge, in two colors, red and blue, representing the two divisions ADEN B. MICKLE, Co. H. 370 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT which the regiment had served in, and having in the centre a diamond of the first water, flanked with the words "23d P. v.; " on the reverse side was inscribed: " From the boys of the 23d P. v., to Col. Jno. F. Glenn." The presentation speeches were made by Secretary Wray and were feelingly responded to by the recipients. At the close of the meeting all hands, upon the invitation of Comrade Bantom, adjourned to his home and were handsomely entertained. While the Sixth Corps at Gettysburg were on the reserve, they were close up to the front line in support. We found the Greek cross scattered pretty well around the line ; out at the extreme right and left, the left centre, to right of Little Round Top, Gulp's Hill and Cemetery Hill; all under fire, ready to go in as opportunity offered. Meade's headquarters we found to have been changed in appearance, but learned the Battlefield Association had pur- chased the old house and would restore it to its original looks. Thanks for their consideration. Johnny Doyle, with his squad of Pittsburg friends, stopped at the McClellan House, remaining over to take in the dedica- tions, and then took a flyer to New York, on matters con- nected with the next Presidency of the Nation. The Eighty-second brought with them one of their old drummer boys, R. T. Blaikie, Point of Rocks, Pa., who gave us all the Army calls en route on the train. When George Blanck, of the Twenty-third, heard the sheepskin sounding, he couldn't resist from being the boy again, and joined the corps at once, full of his mischievous pranks. The Grand March, " Guard the Flag," played at the Twenty-third Ball and Reception, was presented by the com- poser, George Vickers, Esq., of Philadelphia, with his compli- ments. Comrade McAlpin, of the Sixty-fifth New York, came all the way from Providence, Rhode Island, to have a shake hands with the " Chasseurs." Matt Spence, of the Twenty-third, from Brooklyn, with his son, from New York City, joined the Pilgrims on the morning of departure, at Philadelphia. He was heartily greeted by the boys of C Company, whom he had not met since muster-out. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 371 Frank, of the Twenty third Commissary Department, in his stump speech at the Rink Building, after speaking of the heavy mortars of Betz'sbest, Gibson's light batteries and grape and cannister of Duffy's Pure Malt, exclaimed : " Talk about your engagements at de first Gettysburg. Why, it was nothing to compare when de batteries were opened at de Ball ; for after de fight were over dare programs were full of engagements. Many, many fell. The fire was so hot that the best of dem had to take water. Matthews, of the Eighty- second, is now one of the Yan- kees, residing at New Haven, Connecticut. He was accom- panied by his son, and was warmly greeted by his old comrades. James Tate, the celebrated detective of Philadelphia, served with honor in the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volun- teers. He was on the trip, and took good care that none of the crooked people were on the train to work the pilgrims. John Henderson, Geo. Boyer and William Bartley, with the stalwart policeman of the town, were a good team in charge of the door at the Ball. While the hotels, with the numerous boarding-houses at Gettysburg, manage to provide quarters for all who visit the battlefield, would it not pay for the Pennsylvania Railroad or some other enterprising company to erect a first-class hotel, for the accommodation of four or five hundred guests. Why not the citizens of the old town size up to the occasion. The report shows the visitations are larger each year. JAS. FULLERTON, Corporal Co. H. 372 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT REVIEW OF THE REUNION. BY GENERAL ALEX. SHALER. It is difficult to convey to the mind of an absent comrade the degree of enjoyment experienced by those who attended this memor- able meeting ; much more difficult is it to describe the scenes in such terms as will enable one who has not had campaign and battlefield experience to appreciate the cordiality with which old soldiers greet each other after years of separation. Army hfe, in war times, is one of almost constant privations, and of frequent sufferings. The great mass of the men composing an army are on an equality. Their com- forts and discomforts are the same. Their pleasures and their pains are the same, and the longer they serve together, the more they become like brothers to each other. When the war is over, and the organization is disbanded, the men return to their respective homes and resume their former vocations and walks of life. Engrossed with these, they have but little time and less opportunity to maintain the comradeship of the war, but their attachments are never forgotten. Years may roll by, and long distances may separate them, but the men who stood shoulder to shoulder in defence of the old flag ; who slept and ate together ; who toiled and rested together ; who shared their rations with each other, can never forget their brothers in arms. So it is, that when they meet, recollections of the past are revived, scenes of pleasure and of suffering are recalled, memories of good deeds and kind words are brought to mind, and they greet each other with a hearty cordiality, almost unknown to others. It was con- spicuously so at this reunion. Officers and men of one regiment greeted those of another regiment like long lost brothers, and all vied with each other in doing honor to their General and his Staff, and in expressing their cordial attachments. The time selected for the reunion, in advance of the ' ' Army Reunion," was fortunate in that it secured to us all the facilities for sight-seeing, and all the benefits of the preparations made by the good people of Gettysburg for the larger gathering to follow. The weather was all that could be desired. The programme was excellent and faithfully observed. It would have been impossible to plan a better one, or carry it-out more successfully. From first to last everything ran smoothly. Not a hitch occurred, nor anything to mar the pleas- ures of the trip, save the slight accident to a member of, the Twenty- third Regiment, on the cars. Our enjoyment was greatly enhanced in observing the interest taken by our relatives and friends in every- thing to be seen on the battlefield, the curiosity they displayed in the rehcs obtained, and in the desire they manifested to learn all about PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 373 the great battle. It was a source of unlimited pleasure to us to be able to contribute so much to the pleasure of our dearest friends. Gettysburg is a memorable field, and long after the last reunion of participants in the battle shall have been held, will be visited by- people from the world over, very much as Waterloo now is, but with much greater interest. Visitors of the present day, but not those of the future, may learn from survivors the unwritten history of the battle ; and we owe it to our descendants that every opportunity be taken to impart to them the knowledge we possess regarding its details. And the same should be done in reference to every other important battlefield of the war. Our brigade was popular and well known in the army. It enjoyed the confidence of its commanding officers, and rendered conspicuous and oftentimes delicate services. Among its survivors are those who have taken part in every battle of the Army of the Potomac. What a history they could write ! And how much could be learned from their recitals ! It is safe to say that there is not a member of the old brigade, not a relative or friend, who attended this reunion, that does not feel a thousand times rewarded for the time and money spent in doing so. On all sides, in returning home, we heard the most earnest expressions of gratification and pleasure, coupled with the hope that our brigade reunions will hereafter be held periodically. Such gather- ings give an opportunity for the revival of army reminiscences and tend to keep alive the spirit of loyalty and fraternity, so prominent in the breast of all true soldiers. Why, then, should we not encourage them ? Let us devote just a little of the short time remaining to us in this agreeable and patriotic way. It will do us good. In contemplating the pleasures of this joyful reunion, the Brigade Committee are reminded of the great obligation we all are under to our gallant comrades of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, for their never-ending hospitality. The record shows how, from the start at Philadelphia, they commenced the dispensation of good things, and never ceased the flow until they returned home ; but less than justice would be done Colonel Glenn and his brave veterans if we neglected this opportunity to place on record a special acknowledgment for the hearty and constant attention shown by the survivors of the Twenty- third to the comfort and pleasure of their brothers in arms and their friends. The whole brigade were made the guests of the Twenty-third, and recollections of their lavish hospitality will always be remembered as an unliquidated indebtedness on the part of the recipients. With equal pleasure the Committee acknowledge the zeal and en- ergy displayed by its Secretary, Comrade William J. Wray, of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, in the work indispensable on 374 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT such occasions. To him the Brigade are indebted for the inception, the development and the execution of the work of the programme, from which we derived so much pleasure. In arranging details nothing es- caped him. In the execution of them, his business-like and systematic methods, and his untiring energy insured success. By his voluntary labors the Committee were relieved from much necessary work ; and it gives them no little satisfaction to express to him, through this medium, their individual heartfelt thanks for the services which contributed so much to the comfort and pleasure of the attendants at our first re- union. ^OUMTY! ^<9 FAMILIAR SCENE IN ALL PARTS OF THE COUNTRY IN 1863-64-65. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 375 Names and A-ddresses of tKose on tKe Trip. Note. — Those marked with Figure i indicate Friends of Headquarters. " 2 " " " 23d Pa. Vols. " 3 " " " 82d Pa. Vols. " 4 " " " 65th N. Y. Vols. " 5 " " " i22d N. Y. Vols. A. Amidon, Geo., 12 2d N.Y. , Onondaga, N. Y. Albertson, Levi B. , 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. Arment, MAm. H., 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. "Aitken, J. C. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Aitken, O. C. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Atwood, W., Philadelphia, Pa. B. ^Boughton, Wm. DeL. , Colonel Brigade Staff, New York City. ^ Bough ton, Mrs. Colonel, New York City. ■^Brooks, Wm. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Blackburn, Peter, Philadelphia, Pa. Bantom, Wm. H., 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Boger, Geo., 88th P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. "Bartley, Jos., Philadelphia, Pa. Bartley, Wm. , 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ■'Bean, Lewis, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Boreland, J. W. , 23d P. V. , East Brady, Pa. Blair, Frank P., 6ist P. V., Pittsburg, Pa. 'Blair, Mrs. Frank P., Pittsburg, Pa. Bieger, Philip, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Brower, P. H. , 65th N. Y. , New York City. Blanck, Sr. , Wm. , 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Blanck, Sr. , Mrs Wm., Philadelphia, Pa. Blanck, Geo., 23d P. V., Camden, N. J. "Blanck, Edward, Philadelphia, Pa. Bingham, B. F. , i22dN. Y. , Washington, D. C. Beach, And. W., i22dN. Y. , Marcellus, N. Y. Butler, James, i22d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. Brand, H. C. , i22d N. Y. , Stiles' Station, N. Y. ='Bodder, Mrs. Martha J., Philadelphia, Pa. 376 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ^Bean, Lewis, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Bland, Lieutenant H. Willis, 82d P. V., Reading, Pa. Bird, Wm., 82d P. V., Hampton, Va. Boswell, Chas. A., Color Sergeant 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Blaikie, R. T. , 82d P. V., Picture Rocks, Pa. 'Buckley, Mr., 69th P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Burger, Abraham M., 23d P. V., York, Pa. Baker, Wm. J., 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Barker, James, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Bennett, Geo., Philadelphia, Pa. C. Craig, Captain Jas. M., 23d P. V., Allegheny City, Pa. ^Craig, Mrs. Captain, Allegheny City, Pa. 'Craig, Miss Annie B. , Allegheny City, Pa. 'Craig, Master Edward A., Allegheny City, Pa "Carpenter, Miss, New York City. ■'Cooper, H. R. , Syracuse, N. Y. Cossitt, Major Davis, i2 2d N. Y. , Onondaga, N. Y. ■"'Cossitt, Mrs. Major, Onondaga, N. Y. Chase, Amasa, Color Sergeant, i2 2d N. Y. , Fayetteville, N. Y. Crampton, Jas., i22d N. Y. , Cicero, N. Y. Cochran, Richard, 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Colville, David, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Colville, Alexander, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Colville, Mrs. Alexander, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Cline, Lambert, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Cline, Mrs. Lambert, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Cline, Conrad, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Cline, Mrs. Conrad, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Collins, Samuel, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Collins, Mrs. Samuel, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Callahan, John, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Callahan, Mrs. John, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Clayton, Harry, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Clayton, Mrs. Harry, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Cavin, Samuel, Philadelphia, Pa. Chadwick, Thos. L, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Chadwick, Mrs. Thos. L, Philadelphia, Pa. Culbertson, E. A., 23d P V., Philadelphia, Pa. Corn, Lawrence, 23d P- V., Philadelphia, Pa. D. Dilks, Lieutenant Wm. H., 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Dougherty, Geo. , 23d P. Y. , Philadelphia, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA. VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 877 Doyle, John, 23d P. V., Pittsburg, Pa. "Denny, Patrick, Philadelphia, Pa. Dunn, Chris. C. , 82d P. V., Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Dunn, Master James, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa. Davis, Lewis, 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. E. Eldridge, Charles, i22d N. Y. , New York City. ^Engle, Ezra, Masonville, N. J. ^Engleman, Daniel, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Engleman, Mrs. Daniel, Philadelphia, Pa. Elliott, Robert, 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Eiseman, M., Philadelphia, Pa. Engel, Lewis, 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. F *Ford, Col. Geo. W. , Brigade Quartermaster, Kensington, Conn. ^Fitzgerald, John, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Fox, John, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Fox, Mrs. John, Philadelphia, Pa. Finley, William, 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Friant, M. B. , Rancocas, N. J. -Funk, Charles, Rancocas, N. J. Fite, John F. , 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. '^Feger, Jos. M., Philadelphia, Pa. Freeman, H. C. , 65th N. Y. , New York. G. Glenn, Colonel John F. , 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. -Glenn, Mrs. Colonel, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Glenn, Miss M. E., Philadelphia, Pa. "Glenn, Miss H. M., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Garsed, H. E. , 95th P. V., (brother of Lieutenant Garsed, 23d P. v.), Philadelphia, Pa. "Gillespie, Wm., Philadelphia, Pa. "Grieves, F. Samuel, Philadelphia, Pa. "Gillingham, B. H., Morristown, N. J. Green, William, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. "Green, Joseph, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Grow, Mrs. Fred. C, (niece of General Shaler), New York City. "Grier, Samuel C. , Pittsburg, Pa. Gibson, John, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Gardiner, John, 23d P. V., Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. "Gibson, Chas. W., Easton, Md. "Gibson, Mrs. Chas. W., Easton, Md. 378 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ^Gibson, Miss Pauline, Easton, Md. 'Gaylord, Miss, Washington, D. C. Gere, Colonel Jas. M., i22d N. Y., Syracuse, N. Y. Goodfellow, Stephen, i22dN. Y., Belle Isle, N. Y. Gilbert, Captain George H., I22d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. ^Gilbert, Mrs. Geo. H., Syracuse, N. Y. Girton, Wm. A., 82d P. V., Bristol, Pa. 'Girton, Mrs. Wm. A., Bristol, Pa. "Gripp, John, Pittsburg, Pa. H. Hubbs, Alex. H., i22d N. Y., Syracuse, N. Y. Hilsee, Robert, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Hasson, John, Philadelphia, Pa. Henderson, John, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Hansen, Wilmot, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Hansell, George, 72d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Hansell, Edwin, Philadelphia, Pa. Hazlett, John, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Huber, Chas. F. , 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Hughes, Thos. J., Philadelphia, Pa. Hawkins, Lieutenant Jno. T. , 82d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Hawkins, Mrs. Lieutenant, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Hungerford, Mrs., Syracuse, N. Y. 'Heintz, E. A., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Heintz, Mrs. E. A., Philadelphia, Pa. I. Ivers, Captain Albert, 82d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Ivers, Mrs. Captain, Philadelphia, Pa. "Ivers, Master Lewis, Philadelphia, Pa. ■'Ivers, Little Miss Violet May, Philadelphia, Pa. J- Johnson, Jno. R. , Captain and Aid-de-Camp to General Shaler, 23d P. v., Cleveland, O. ^Johnson, Mrs. Captain, Cleveland, O. 'Jussen, Mrs. Colonel Carl, (daughter of General Shaler J, New York City. Johnston, John G. , 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Johnston, Mrs. John G. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Johnston, Master Walter, Philadelphia, Pa. -Johnston, Master Nathan, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Johnston, Master Harry, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Johnston, Little Miss Rebecca, Philadelphia, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 379 ^Jordan, Joseph, Philadelphia, Pa. "Jordan, Mrs. Joseph, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Johns, William, Philadelphia, Pa. *Jay, Frank, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Janney, Master Richard, (nephew of Lieutenant Garsed, 23d P. V. ), Roxborough, Philadelphia, Pa. K. Knapp, Dr. E. A., Surgeon 12 2d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. *Knapp, Mrs. Charles, Syracuse, N. Y. Kelly, John, 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. Kennen, Chas., 8 2d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. "Kennen, Mrs. Chas., Philadelphia, Pa. L. Lippincott, Richard R. , 23d and 6ist P. V., Rancocas, N. J. Landenberger, Drum Major, 23d P. V. , Perkasie, Pa. ^Lundy, Jos., Rancocas, N. J. ^Lippincott, Wm. P., Hartford, N. J. Lapp, John, 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. Linton, John H., 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ''Linton, Mrs. Jno. H., Philadelphia, Pa. Lawrence, Jno. G. , 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Lathrop, Chas. G. , i22d N. Y. , Onondaga, N. Y. Lamphier, Chas. R., i22d N. Y. , Elbridge, N. Y. Lockwood, Calvin, i22d N. Y. , Stiles Station, N. Y. ^Loomis, N. E. , Syracuse, N. Y. °Loomis, J. L. , Philadelphia, Pa. ^Loomis, Mrs. J. L., Philadelphia, Pa. M. Moses, Captain Rob't H., i22d N. Y., New York City. ^Moses, B., Washington, D. C. "Moses, Mrs. Guy, Washington, D. C. Moses, Captain Lucius, 12 2d N. Y. , Marcellus, N. Y. Munro, Jr., Captain D. A., 12 2d N. Y., Camillus, N. Y. Munro, Mrs. D. A., Camillus, N. Y. Morris, W. H., i2 2dN. Y., New York. 'Mathews, C. H., New Haven, Ct. Mathews, J. L., 82d P. V., New Haven, Ct. ^Meeker, Mrs. Stephen B. , Philadelphia, Pa. Morris, Jno. G. , 82d P. V. , Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Morris, Mrs. Jno. G. , Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Morris, Wm. H., i22d N. Y., Pompey, N. Y. "Malcolm, Wm., Philadelphia, Pa. 380 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Miller, Wm. H., 23d P. V., Henry Clay, Del 'Murphy, Michael, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Martin, EmHn, Rancocas, N. J. Moffitt, John, 23d P. v., Pittsburg, Pa. 'Moffiitt, Mrs. John, Pittsburg, Pa. 'Murphy, P. J., Pittsburg, Pa. Maxwell, Captain John, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Miller, Wm., (grandson of Colonel Wallace), Philadelphia, Pa. 'Maguire, Chas. , Philadelphia, Pa. Milford, Wm. W., 23d P. V., Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Milford, Miss Hattie, Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Milford, Archy, Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Mayberry, Wm. W. , 90th P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Millikin, Jas. C, Easton, Md. 'Millikin, Mrs. J. C, Easton, Md. 'Millikin, Clayland, Easton, Md. Murphy, John J.,82d P. V., Hampton, Va. Mc. 'McMichael, Prof. Lemuel, Philadelphia, Pa. McKean, Captain Thos. C, 82d P. V., Brooklyn, N. Y. 'McLaughlin, Frank, Philadelphia, Pa. McCoy, Harry, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'McGrath, Edward, Philadelphia, Pa. McKenna, James, 23d P. V., Pittsburg, Pa. 'McCleary, Wm., Pittsburg, Pa. McKinney, Joseph, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'McKinney, Mrs. Jos., Philadelphia, Pa. McEntee, Sergeant, 65th N. Y. , New York. McAlpin, Sergeant L, 65 N. Y. , Pawtucket, R. L McGinnis, Jas., 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. McClelland, Richard, 23d P. V., Wilmington, Del. 'McClelland, Mrs. Richard, Wilmington, Del. 'McMillan, Robert, Philadelphia, Pa. McPheeters, Sam'l, i22cl N. Y. , Minneapolis, Minn. McArthur, George, i22dN. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. N. 'Nicholson, William, Philadelphia, Pa. O. 'Oakey, Colonel John, Brooklyn, N. Y. O'Brien, Captain John T. , 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ■O'Brien, Jr., J T., Philadelphia, Pa. ^'O'Brien, Ed. J., Philadelphia, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 381 Ostrander, Captain Chas. W. , i22d N. Y., Syracuse, N. Y. ^Ostrander, Mrs. Capt., Syracuse, N. \. P. Patrick, Captain Rob't W., 82 P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. -Paynter, Thos. A., Philadelphia, Pa. Peile, Frank C, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Purnell, John H., 23d P. V., Allegheny City. 'Purnell, A. Y., Allegheny City, Pa. Park, Wm., Philadelphia, Pa. "'Paddock, James, Camillus, N. Y. 'Pomeroy, Byron E., 193d N. Y. , Otisco, N. Y. Poole, Major Theo. L., i22d N. Y. R. Roller, Dr. Wm. C. , Surgeon 23d P. V., Hollidaysburg, Pa. 'Roller, Master A. K., Hollidaysburg, Pa. Ryan, Captain Martin, i22d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. Rich, C. L., i22d N. Y., Marcellus, N. Y. Richards, Isaac, i22d N. Y., Marcellus, N. Y. ^Rich, E. D. , Syracuse, N. Y. "Reeves, Walter, Moorestown, N. J. Robinson, James, 23d P. \'. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Rile, J. L., Philadelphia, Pa. Rudolph, Captain J. S. , 82d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Rinear, Master Wm., Paulsboro, N. J. Redheffer, Wm. H. , 82d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Redheffer, Master Wm. H., Philadelphia, Pa. Rodeback, Solomon, 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. S. Shaler, Alex. , General Commanding Brigade, New York City. ^Shaler, Mrs. General, New York City. ^Shaler, Ira A., (son of the General), New York City. 'Shaler, Miss Mattie W. , (daughter of the General), New York City. "Stevens, Mrs., Philadelphia, Pa. Slaysman, Geo. L., 23d P. V., Pittsburg, Pa. "Stevens, Vincent, Pittsburg, Pa. Smallwood, Chas. E. , 23d P. \'. , Philadelphia, Pa. Stokly, Joseph, 23d P. V., Eddystone, Pa. 'Stokly, Miss Elizabeth, Eddystone, Pa. Staiger, Gotdeib, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Spence, James, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Sailor, Wm., Philadelphia, Pa. I^Spence, Matthew, 23d P. V., Brooklyn, N. Y. 382 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT "Spence, Lewis J., Brooklyn, N. Y. Sensenderfer, Jas. A., 8 2d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ° Stafford, William, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Stafford, Mrs. Wm., Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. ■■^Slauson, A. M., New York City. '^Slauson, Mrs. A. M., New York City. '^Slauson, Miss, New York City. ^Slauson, Miss Nellie, New York City. =*Smith, Silas R., Homer, N. Y. Smith, Albert R., i22d N. Y., Homer, N. Y. Smith, Merrick, i22d N. Y., Tiffin, O. Stewart, Charles, I22d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. Sharp, Benj. W., i22d N. Y., Ithaca, N. Y. Sherick, Jno. , 23d P. V. , Washington Borough, Pa. ^Swartz, Mrs., Philadelphia, Pa. T. Titus, Silas, Col., i22d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. Tracy, O. V., Bvt. Lieut-Col, i22dN. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. ^Tracy, Mrs. Col., Syracuse, N. Y. ''Tracy, Charles Sedgwick, Syracuse, N. Y. Thompson, Wm. , i22d N. Y. , Homer, N. Y. Tate, James, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Tustin, Isaac, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Tucker, Cummings, H., New York City. 'Tucker, Mrs., New York City. -Taylor, Harry B., 72d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Thorn, H. St. Clair, Philadelphia, Pa. "Thorn, Mrs. H. St. Clair, Philadelphia, Pa. Tate, Hugh, 23d P. V., Phoenixville, Pa. Truesdell, Samuel, Col., 65th N. Y., New York. 'Truesdell, Samuel, Jr. , New York. W. Wetherill, John M., Lieutenant-Colonel 82d P. V., Pottsville, Pa. Wallace, Wm. J., Lieutenant- Colonel 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Wallace, Mrs. Colonel, Philadelphia, Pa. "Walz, John W., Philadelphia, Pa. Williams, Cranmer, 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Wills, Alfred, Rancocas, N. J. ''Wills, Joseph, Rancocas, N. J. "Wilson, J. B., Rancocas, N. J. 'Woodhead, John, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Woodhead, Mrs. John, Philadelphia, Pa. "Weldon, James, Philadelphia, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 383 "Weldon, Mrs. James, Philadelphia, Pa. Wray, WilHam J., 23d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Wray, Miss Emma L, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Willsey, Robert A., Philadelphia, Pa. ^Woodruff, Colonel John B., New York City. 'Woodruff, Mrs. Colonel, New York City. Wageman, Mr., New York City. Wells, John, 23d P. V., Rancocas, N. J. White, Jos. H., 23d P. v., Easton, Md. 'White, Mrs. Jos. H., Easton, Md. 'White, Miss Laura V., Easton, Md. ■Westcott, John, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Walker, R. Frank, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Walker, Mrs. R. Frank, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Walker, Master Robert, Philadelphia, Pa. Williams, Captain Chas., 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. White, Wm. A., 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'White, Mrs. Wm. A., Philadelphia, Pa. White, Alexander, 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. Waterhouse, Captain Geo. W. , 8 2d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Waterhouse, Mrs. Captain, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Waterhouse, Charles W., 82d P. V., Philadelphia, Pa. 'Waterhouse, Mrs. Chas., Philadelphia, Pa. Weaver, Caius A., i22d N. Y. , Syracuse, N. Y. Wilkins, Capt. A. W., i22d N. Y. , Fayetteville, N. Y. 'Wilson, P. M. , New York City. 'Wilson, Mrs. P. M. , New York City. Y. Young, John, 23d P. V. , Philadelphia, Pa. 'Young, Mrs. John, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Young, William, Philadelphia, Pa. 'Young, James, Pittsburg, Pa. 384 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT ORATION Delivered at Twenty=third Pennsylvania Volun= teers' Reunion of Gettysburg held at Philadelphia, Pa. AT the Reunion of the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volun- teers, held in celebration of Gettysburg, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July, 1888, Rev. James G. Shinn, Chaplain, de- livered the following oration : The assault on the heights of Fredericksburg, made by our troops under General Burnside, attended, as it was, by appall- ing loss of limb and life, and the inefficient and halting ad- vance upon Chancellorsville made by General Hooker, tended to foster in the minds of the rebels a contempt for the Union commander if not for the Union forces. The Army of the Potomac came to be regarded as quite an insufficient match for the Army of Virginia. This and other motives prompted General Lee to plan the invasion of the northern loyal States. By one grand campaign General Lee and his secession con- freres at the head of the flower of the rebel forces would bring the war to a conclusion and determine, for all time, the success of the secession of the Southern States and the permanency of that oligarchy which was to be built up upon the corner stone of a perpetuated human slavery. With such a General as Robert E. Lee, with such Lieutenant Generals as Longstreet, Ewell, and A. P. Hill, and with such soldiers as composed the Army of Virginia who, by repeated trial, were judged " com- petent for anything, " the success of this campaign of invasion was, from the start, already deemed secure. But when fallible man is most confident, defeat is often most certain. God rules, not man. Man proposes, but God disposes. The oft repeated cries of the down-trodden and oppressed had entered into the Lord of Hosts and he had come forth to effect their deliverance and right their wrongs. The time had passed when any government founded upon human slavery could stand secure, much less that one whose acknowledged corner PENNSYLVANIA X'OLUNTEER IXFANTR^'. ;is5 stone was the perpetual slavery of man. God has willed the deliverance of all, and who can thwart the purposes of the Al- mighty Ruler of the universe ? General Lee began his movement of invading the north- ern loyal States, on the third of June, by sending McLaws' division of Longstreet's Corps and, also. Hood's division, to Culpepper, C.H. On the fourth and fifth of June Ewell's Corps followed. A. P. Hill's Corps was left to occupy the heights of Fredericksburg. General Hooker, who had been antici- pating that some important movement was about to take place, arrived at some knowl- edge of its general direction by the cavalry battle at Brandy Station, a battle in which, for the first time, the main cavalry force on both sides fought in regular cavalry style. This battle made known Lee's pres- ence in force at Culpepper, and also revealed his pur- pose of invasion. Before this cavalry battle at Brandy Station, in order to test the strength of the force behind Fredericksburg, on the morning of the fifth, the Pontoniers were ordered by General Hooker to throw two bridges across the Rappahannock at Franklin's Crossing, and on the sixth of June, the Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, with the Sixth Corps, broke camp near Falmouth and crossed the Rappahannock for the third time near Deep Run, and was immediately placed upon the skirmish line, close up to the enemy's works, where they remained until the thirteenth. Here heavy skirmishing was kept up from behind breast- works and rifle pits with considerable loss to the Sixth Corps, though with little loss to the Twenty-third Pennsylvania \'ol- unteers. On the thirteenth the Sixth Corps recrossed the Rappahannock and started on its march north. The weather was intensely hot and the marching very oppressive. Having learned something of Lee's movements, but not fully under- CHAS. E. SMALLWOOD, RICHARD J. MILLER, Co. G. 386 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Standing his plan, General Hooker, on the eleventh, sent the Third Corps to Rappahannock Station and Beverly, and ordered the cavalry forward to observe the upper forks of the river. But General Lee had sent the left of his army under General Ewell into the Shenandoah Valley, and march- ing down this valley at the rate of seventy miles in three days, appeared suddenly and unexpectedly before Winchester on the thirteenth. Two of these large divisions attacked Winchester while one, that of General Rhodes struck Berryville. On Sun- day morning, the fourteenth, Ewell's attack upon Milroy's position began, and on Monday morning at one o'clock Gen- eral Milroy, after spiking all his cannon and abandoning his sick and wounded to the enemy, began his disastrous retreat. Berryville was taken. Harper's Ferry was evacuated, the whole of the valley was cleared of Union troops and this great high- way was fully opened for the advance of the rebels through Maryland and into Pennsylvania. General Hooker, now fully aware of Lee's plan, marched rapidly past Bealton, Warrenton, Catlett's Station and Fairfax, until Manassas was reached. Here he remained several days, awaiting the further develop- ment of Lee's plans. As soon as the Corps of Hill and Long- street reached the lower part of the valley, Ewell's Corps on the 2 2d, crossed the Potomac at Williamsport and Shepherds- town, and by two columns, moved on Hagerstown, thence they passed the border of Pennsylvania, moved up the Cum- berland Valley, and on the following day, reached Chambers- burg. The cavalry of Jenkins had gone in advance of Ewell and made his exacting levies upon this rich region, while Im- boden, with his troops, had done its work of destruction upon the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. Vast herds of cattle and droves of horses were collected and sent southward and heavy subsidies were levied upon the towns. Thousands of rich farmers and their cattle and horses, were fleeing north, and crowds of colored people, who knew full well the cruelty of the slave-holder, were escaping from the enforced bondage threatened, and, in not a few instances, cruelty inflicted. After the rebels, under Longstreet and Hill had crossed the Potomac, the Army of the Potomac, on the 25th and 26th of June; crossed at Edward's Ferry and moved to Frederick, Maryland. About this time, General Hooker, desirous of add- PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 387 ing to the number of his troops for active service, requested General Halleck, commander of all the forces, to send him some of the troops at Washington, and when this was refused, requested that the force under General French, at Harper's Ferry, be added to his command. This, too, was refused. His proposed plan of operating against General Lee's line of communication was also disapproved. Being thus thwarted in all his plans by the authorities at Washington, he, — in dis- gust — resigned his command of the Army of the Potomac. This resignation was immediately accepted. Some of us, who on this march remembered President Lincoln's pithy say- ing "it is no time to swap horses when swimming a river," felt a natural solicitude for the cause, but when we heard that General George G. Meade, a Pennsylvanian, then command- ing the 5th Army Corps, had been appointed to the command of the Army of the Potomac, we felt equally relieved. We knew that he was capable and efficient and truly loyal, and would do all that he could in this time of great peril. General Meade immediately took command and ordered such move- ments of the different corps as the exigencies of the case and his plan of the campaign called for. The several positions of the different army corps on the ist of July were as follows : — The First Corps was at Marsh Creek only about five miles from Gettysburg, the Second and Third Corps were at Tan- eytown, the Third having orders to march to Emmetts- burg to relieve the Eleventh Corps which was directed to join the First Corps at Gettys- burg. The Twelfth Corps was at a place called Two Taverns ; the Fifth was at Han- over and the Sixth was thirty-five miles from Gettysburg to the right at Manchester. Kilpatrick's and Gregg's Di- visions of cavalry were at Hanover. The plan of General Meade was so to move his troops as to cover and protect LAWRENCE CORN, Co. E. 3SS HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Washington and Baltimore, and, at the same time he threat- ened to break the line of communication of the rebel forces with Richmond and thus compel them to turn from their march northward and eastward and give him battle at some field well chosen for its strength as a defensive position. The field chosen by General Meade was that of the ridge bordering upon Pipe Creek. This ridge divided the waters flowing into the Potomac from the waters flowing into the Chesapeake Bay. In these last movements of his army corps his design was to throw them out in fan shape so that he could quickly draw them back, if need be, and concentrate them upon this chosen line of Pipe Creek. But God, the Providential Dis- poser of all events, wisel}? and kindly made the choice of the stronger position at Gettysburg, and He so ordered the different successive steps that the strong position at Gettys- burg was chosen and held by the Union troops and the rebels were compelled, by the stress of circumstances, to engage in battle there, and there dash and break themselves upon the natural ramparts of that God-selected stronghold. Now for the battle. And first let us take a bird's-eye view of the ground. Gettysburg is the centre of many converging roads and is thus the position to which troops from different points can be readily concentrated. Looking at the lay of the land, we notice several different ridges more or less elevated and these, in the main, trending in a north and south direction. Some of these ridges terminate in peaks or hills. Gettysburg lies at the base of one of these ridges. At the distance of half a mile to the west of the town is Seminary Ridge, so called from the Lutheran Theological building located upon it. A mile further west two parallel swells of ground are seen trending north and south. These are separated by Wil- loughby Run, an affluent of Marsh Creek. To the south of Gettysburg is Cemetery Ridge, so called from the Cemeter}^ on that part of the ridge immediately south of the town. This ridge has two limbs, the longer running directly south and terminating in the two eminences called Little Round Top and Round Top. The two hills, especially the one called from its form. Little Round Top, command the whole of this north and south line. The other limb of Cemetery Ridge, the shorter, extends in a southeasterly direction and consists mainly of a succession of hills of which Gulp's Hill, connected with Ceme- PENNSYLVANIA V0LUNTEB:K INFANTRY. ^89 tery Hill, is the most important. The hill to the northeast is Banner's Hill. This last formed a part of the rebel line. When General Lee was suddenly informed that the Union Army had crossed the Potomac and was marching so as to threaten his communication with Richmond, he at once turned and ordered his different corps to concentrate in the neighbor- hood of Gettysburg. He had not chosen this as his field of battle, he only availed himself of the converging roads to concentrate his troops there. Hill's Corps and Longstreet's Corps were moving easterly from Chambersburg and Fa- yetteville. Ewell's Corps, which had advanced partly to Carlisle and partl}^ to York and the Susquehanna river, had been recalled and was return- ing partly by the road leading south from Carlisle and partly by that leading southwest from York. The division of Heth of Hill's Corps moving easterly had started early on the morning of the ist of July, partly to occupy the town of Gettysburg and particularly to supply themselves with shoes. They did not expect to meet any strong force there. But General Buford, commanding two brigades of Union cavalry, had reached Gettysburg the even- ing before and had determined to check the rebel advance as long as possible, expecting that General Reynolds who com- manded the left of the army would come to his support. Taking advantage of the remaining light of day. General Buford posted his brigades most advantageously, Gamble's brigade across the Chambersburg road and the brigade of Devins across Mummasburg road. By dismounting his men and using them as infantry armed with carbines, sending out a strong line of skirmishers and by planting his batteries so as to enfilade both roads, he stood ready to hold them in check until reinforcements should arrive. And check them he did until General Reynolds himself arrived in advance of the First Corps. At the time of his arrival General Buford was MARTIN WARNER, Co. C. 390 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Up in the belfry of the Seminary building anxiously watching the progress of the battle and awaiting with intense anxiety the arrival of the First Corps to relieve his hard pressed troop- ers when he heard the voice of Reynolds calling him. Buford and Reynolds were of one mind as to the general plan of op- eration. Soon after the army crossed the Potomac General Reynolds had said to General Doubleday that it was necessary to attack Lee's army at once in order to prevent him from plundering the whole State. As a Pennsylvanian his blood grew hot at the thought of the invasion and devastation of his native State. As soon as Cutler's Brigade of Wadsworth's division of the First Corps came up, General Reynolds ordered the infantry to relieve the hard pressed cavalry. In the midst of a hot fire the line was formed. Reynolds went forward to direct. He himself skilfully posted Hall's Second Maine bat- tery on the road and threw forward two regiments in advance upon the left. At the same time he directed General Wads- worth to post the three other regiments on the right of the road. While he was thus in the very front, directing in the posting of another brigade — Cutler's, a ball fired by a rebel sharpshooter struck him in the back of his head and came out in the front causing instant death. He fell dead. Not a word escaped him. " Thus fell," says the Comte de Paris, " the most remarkable man among all the officers that the Army of the Potomac saw fall upon the battlefield during the four years of its existence." General Meade could say " He was the bravest of them all." His untimely death — he was only 43 years old — was not without benefit to his country, for by mak- ing a vigorous fight in the battle which cost him his life, he secured the possession of Cemetery Hill to the Army of the Po- tomac against which the full tide of the Southern Army broke. The death of General Reynolds did not materially change the tide of battle. Upon this first day of the battle, which was also the first of July, successes on the Union side were followed by reverses. For a time the whole of the First Corps under General Doubleday steadfastly, and, in the main, re- pulsed the divisions of General Hill advancing from the West. The capture of the rebel Brigadier-General Archer with several hundred of his brigade, and the capture, by Cutler's Brigade, of two Mississippi regiments which had taken refuge in the Railroad cut, were among the successes. But by over- PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 391 powering numbers pressing upon them, especially by the arrival of Ewell's Corps from Carlisle and York, the First Corps was driven back. The Eleventh Corps, General Howard's, about 1 1 o'clock came to their help, but they, also, were outflanked and driven back to and through Gettysburg, with the loss of several thousand men. The first day's battle was, in the main, disadvanta- geous, to the Union side. After hard fighting and after heavy losses, by the force of greatly superior numbers, they were driven back. And yet when driven, they assumed much stronger positions from which they could not be dislodged. And the very successes achieved by the rebels proved a snare to them ; the successes incited to increased efforts, which failing entailed great loss upon them. The successes achieved and the thirst for blood created by the first day's contest compelled the continuance of the battle. In the face of these successes it was morally impossible for General Lee to draw back. It is asserted on seemingly good authority that when General Lee planned the invasion of the North he promised his Corps commanders that he would not seek an offensive battle but by compelling the Federals to attack him, he would fight on the defensive. But now he is so far in that he cannot well get out ; he must, by the pres- sure of the attending circum- stances, persevere in this fight even though he dash his army to pieces against the stony ramparts of Gettysburg. Nor is General Lee alone in this eagerness for battle, the officers and men of his army are full of fight. As Swinton says: "Such were the exsufflate and blown surmises of the army, and such was the contempt of opponent engendered by Fredericks- burg and Chancellorsville, that there was not in his ranks a barefoot soldier in tattered gray but believed that General Lee could lead him and the Confederate Army into Baltimore and Washington, if not into Philadelphia and New York." THOS. I. CHADWICK, Co. C. :W2 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT "To have withdrawn, therefore, without a battle was morally impossible." The time for the exoneration of the Army of the Potomac had come, and, with it, the deliverance of the North from its great peril. It is related in ancient fable that the kingly athlete Antaeus, a child of Neptune and Terra or the earth, in his contest with Hercules was strengthened anew as often as he touched the earth from which he had sprung, so was it with the soldiers of the North, especially with the sons of Pennsylvania ; they received strength as they touched their native soil. They were energized with new vigor and fired anew with the just ambition of defending their friends and their homes. Never did the men of the Twenty -third Pennsylvania Volunteers march better or perform better work than when their faces were turned North and their own Pennsylvania called forth their loyal zeal and hearty service. That march was made by some of you, as your Chaplain can testify, with bare and bruised and bleeding feet and yet never did the men of the Twenty-third march better. And this is applicable to the Sixth Corps and of other Corps. The long march from Manchester to Gettysburg, thirty- six miles, increased to forty miles by mistaking the road, occupied all the daylight of July ist, all that night, and nearly all the day of July 2d. Our regiment reached the battle- field near Little Round Top, as the big red sun was fast declining to his setting and then, after such a continuous march, with a hurrah, went directly to the front to the sup- port of the Fifth Corps. The confusion following the reverses of the first day, had, in part, been rectified by the prompt and efficient action of General Hancock, whom General Meade, after hearing of the death of General Reynolds, had sent forward to take command. It was his report to General Meade, after return- ing, that secured the choice of Gettysburg as the field for the approaching battle. It became General Meade's choice by stress of circumstances ; as a foregone conclusion. Already had the God of Providence, in kindness, made the choice and pointed out the spot by the clear and inevitable logic of events. General Meade's original choice was the line of Pipe Creek, and this line he preferred even upon the close of the second day's fight at Gettysburg when dissenting from the general decision of the council of officers who unanimously PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 'Mi voted to stay there and fight it out, he said : " Have it your own way, gentlemen, but Gettysburg is no place to fight a battle in." But we are anticipating. We are now concerned with the opening events of this second day at Gettysburg. Upon receiving the report of General Hancock, General Meade at once directed all the Corps to concentrate on Gett^'s- burg. The march of the several Corps was a hurried one. The van of the Third Corps, Sickles', reached the field at sunset of the first day, and the rear of this Corps on the morning of the second day. The Second Corps, distant thir- teen miles at Taneytown, reached the field on the afternoon of the first day, in time to be placed in position by General Han- cock himself. The Fifth Corps, at Union Mills, twenty-three miles away, after this long night's march, arrived on the morning of the second day. And the Sixth Corps, at Man- chester, thirty-six miles distant, by the most strenuous efforts, marching a day, a night and the greater part of the following day, from early on the first through to the afternoon, late, on the second, arrived just in time to render much needed help. But, as we all well know, Uncle John Sedgwick, as he was familiarly called, and his boys of the Sixth Corps could do great things in times of great emergencies. General Meade ordered his own headquarters to be removed to Gettys- burg and he himself arrived there at i o'clock, A. M., and although it was yet night, he with his staff, under the light of the moon, traversed the field, and judged of its strong and weak points. Though he was impressed with the strength of the position he was also impressed with some of its weak points. As the several corps arrived, on this second day, they took the several positions assigned them. The Twelfth Corps, General Williams temporary commander as General Slocum had command of the right wing, was placed on the extreme right on Gulp's Hill. The Eleventh Corps, General Howard's, occupied Cemetery Hill immediately south of the town of Gettysburg. To this they had fallen back after the, to them, disastrous fight of the preceding day. Shurz divi- sion was stationed across the Baltimore Pike road ; Steinwehr's on the left ; and, on the right and rear General Barlow's com- manded by General Ames. The First Corps, on this day commanded by General Newton, was divided ; Wadsworth's division was on Gulp's Hill to the right of the division of 394 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Ames. General Robinson's division, to the left of the divi- sion of Steinwehr's, held across the Taneytown road as far as to Zeigler's grove, while General Doubleday with his division, was in the rear of Shurz. The combined artillery of the Eleventh and Second Corps was protected by such works as they were able to throw up. South of Zeigler's grove, General Hancock, on the afternoon of the 1st day had placed his own Corps, the Second, and had prolonged the left of this, as far as the Round Tops, with such troops as he then had at his disposal. After the Third Corps, General Sickles' came up, it took position to the left of the Second Corps. And, later still, the Fifth Corps, General Sykes', prolonged the left to its utmost extent. The position of the Sixth Corps, when, after its long march, it reached the field, was, for a part of the time in the rear of Little Round Top and was held for special work as a general reserve for the whole army. Having thus given the positions of the several corps, we remark that General Sickles, dissatisfied with the direct southerly extension of the left, because of its weak points, and because of the advantages which it afforded the enemy in his front, changed his north and south line to the line of the Emmettsburg road. Unwilling to take the responsibility upon himself, he applied to General Meade who first gave him general and indefinite direction and then at his particular request for an engineer to survey the ground General Meade sent General Hunt, Chief of the Artillery, who went out with General Sickles to the ridge upon which the Emmettsburg road is situated and then General Sickles directed that his troops should be posted upon the line of that road with his centre at the Peach Orchard which was a mile to the North of West of Lit- tle Round Top. His right wing, under General Humphrej^s extended along the Emmettsburg road, his left wing, under General Birney, after making a right angle at the Peach Orch- ard, bent around so as to cover Little Round Top at its base. This change in the direction of the Third Corps line, made it longer, weaker and much more exposed to attack and mater- ially affected the contest of the second day. General Lee's rebel forces were, at daybreak of the second thus posted, Ewell's entire corps held the left. General Johnston's division rested on Rock Creek, Early in the centre and Rhodes on the right. His PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 395 Corps occupied the town of Gettysburg. General A. P. Hill's Corps held Seminary Ridge, Heth's division on the right along the ridge, and Pender on the left. The two divisions had fought on the first day, Anderson's division being one and one-half miles back. A large part of Longstreet's Corps formed the ex- treme right of the Confederate army. These were the dispo- sitions of the confronting forces. All the morning and a part of the afternoon were spent in arranging and strengthening the Union line. Batteries were placed in position to add materi- ally to the strength and efficiency of the troops. After recon- noitering the Union position. General Lee determined to make the chief attack upon the Union left, especially upon the line of Sickles' Corps the most exposed and the weakest. At the same time that this attack upon the Union left was to be made, he ordered General Ewell, on their left, to make an attack upon the Union right in order to prevent the sending of reinforce- ments from the right to the left. At about half past three o'clock, just as a council of Corps Commanders was assembling at Gen- eral Meade's Headquarters, the battle opens. Clark's battery fires the first shot and this draws upon Sickles' left and centre a terrible concentrated artillery fire. General Sickles im- mediately rides back to his command and General Meade rides with him. General Meade, who sees the line of the Third Corps for the first time, objects to its position but thinks that it is now too late to change it. The rebel division of General Hood is on the right and the division of McLaws follows. The rebel line is longer than the left of the line of the Third Corps and extends beyond it towards the Cemetery Ridge. The im- portance of the position of the two Round 1 ops, particularly of Little Round Top, induces General Hood to extend his line very far towards Cemetery Ridge so that he may flank the Union line and penetrate between the two Round Tops and thus obtain the possession of the key of the whole Union line. Brigadier-General Lau< of Hood's division strengthened by two additional regiments hold this advance. They press hastily forward to seize the prize. In front of Little Round Top is only one regiment of the Third Corps left, the Fourth Maine. The Sixth New Jersey, the Fortieth New York and the Second U. S. Sharpshooters, in the gorge of Plum Run, help in the defence. They form an ambush and valiantly, for a little time, check the advance of General Law's troops. They lose ground in this 396 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT unequal contest. By their falling back, the approaches to Lit- tle Round Top are uncovered. General Ward, whose brigade, looking South, has the left of the Third Corps, takes troops from his right to strengthen his left and cover these regiments in falling back. Winslow's battery renders efficient help. De Trobriand's front is now assailed while Ward, on his left, is driven back with great loss. The rebels under General Laws once more begin the ascent of Little Round Top. The rebel division of McLaws, on the left of Hood's division, by direction of General Lee, was to follow Hood's division in this attack. McLaws now comes forward. Kershaw is on the right of his line, then Semmes and then Barksdale, with Woffords in sup- port. At half past five o'clock, Kershaw attacks DeTrobri- and's centre and his weak left connecting with Graham. All the rebel guns on the Warfleld ridge are directed against Gra- ham and Humphreys' troops. In response to the earnest re- quest of General Sickles for help. General Meade promises assistance from General Hancock's Second Corps and from the Fifth Corps of Sykes. The Fifth Corps has just reached Gettysburg after a long march and is cooking coffee. Time is required for the order to be received and obeyed and the troops to reach the field of battle. Time passes and the battle presses. At length the division of General Barnes of Sykes' Corps reaches the front for the relief of Birney's hard pressed troops. Upon these Kershaw's rebel brigade presses, impet- uously and General Sykes reinforces them with all the troops at his disposal. But what of Little Round Top ? In this furi- ous onset and strife has the rebel General Law been able to capture Round Top and with this in possession turn the whole Union left ? Never before in the history of this war was there a deliverance so signal and so clearly providential. Just as the rebel troops of General Law were approaching Little Round Top all unprotected, an easy prize to the eager racer. General Warren, engineer on General Meade's staff, was climbing this hill to get a better view of the battle and judge of its action. Just as he reached the top he saw the men of the Signal Corps who had been signaling from its summit, folding up their flags and about retiring. They had discerned unmistakable evidences of the masked approach of these rebel troops. A shot from a Union battery sent by Warren's direction across their line of approach clearly revealed their uplifted heads and glittering PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. :«)7 baj'onets. This momentary view makes known to General Warren the presence of these stealthily approaching troops and reveals to him their design. He at the same instant comes to an appreciation of the vital importance of Round Top to the Union line. He sees that this position must be held at all hazzard. No time is to be lost, not a moment. Troops for its defence must be sought and sought at once. To impress the enemy with the idea of a force now there for its defence, War- ren directs the signal men to continue to wave their flags, while he hurries to bring troops to defend it. Having ob- served the movement of the division of General Barnes going to the relief of Birney'sline, he immediately detaches Vincent's Brigade, and orders them to hasten to Little Round Top. He also obtains the co-operation of Haslett's Battery. In his anxiety and eagerness General Warren quickly ascends Round Top again to watch the approach of the enemy and await the com- ing of Vincent for its defense. Every minute seems an hour. The troops for its defense seem to move very slowly, too slowly in Warren's judgment, to meet the exigency. He hastensto ob- tain new help. Meeting Ayre's division going to the front he appeals for help. This appeal is made directly to Colonel O'Rorke of the One hundred-and-fortieth New York, a young brilliant graduate of West Point — a friend of Warren, who immediately lends him help. With their assistance Has- lett's Battery is dragged and lifted up to the summit of Round Top. In the meantime, Vincent's Brigade has reached the as- cent to Little Round Top and has posted his regiments on a ridge about half the way up, the Sixteenth Michigan on the right below the summit, the Forty-fourth New York and Eighty-third Pennsylvania in the centre and the Twentieth Maine, Colonel Chamberlain commanding, on the left. These troops have arrived and taken position just in time. Not a minute could have been spared. The rebel troops of Law's Brigade having emerged from a severe battery fire which for a time had delayed — at this very instant start up the ascent of Round Top and impetuously attack the troops of Vincent. Unable in this onset to break Vincent's line, they outflank his right and assail the Sixteenth Michigan with such vigorous impetuosity that it is unable to withstand the assault. How can assistance be obtained ? These troops of Vincent on Lit- tle Round Top seem entirely separated from the rest of the 398 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT line, and no help seems to be at hand. The vital position of Round top seems to fall into their hands. There seems to be no sufficient defence. This however, is only in the intervention of a kind Providence and by the energy and promptness of General Warren, Colonel O'Rorke and his long line of New Yorkers have reached the top, together with Haslett's Battery, and this in the very nick of time. Though they have made the direct ascent so quickly, and, at a full run, have reached the summit, they have not a minute to lose. To meet the rebels who have turned Vincent's right, and drive them back, they have not time to load, nor to form in line, nor even to fix bayonets. O'Rorke urges them to the attack. Receiving the fire of the front rank of their assailants, which causes not a few to fall, they rush down upon the approaching rebels with clubbed muskets. This action causes a check. Then follows the fire of musketry. Vincent's regiments having recovered from the attack now come to the assistance of O'Rorke's regiment. Haslett's battery, too, though it cannot depress his guns sufficiently to fire upon the rebel troops ascending Round Top, fires at the rebel troops in the valley, and this encourages the brave defenders of Round Top. And thus Round Top is rescued from this imminently threatening danger. And yet the contest continues. They watch each other. They aim from behind rocks and bushes. To get a better shot, some climb trees. Two guns of Smith's Union battery throw their shells among the ascending rebels. The dead and wounded fall and disappear among the rocks. Officers and men realizing the vital importance of the struggle perform prodigies of valor. The rebel General, Law, not satisfied with the fire of musketry, which may be prolonged, brings his force against the One-hundred-and fortieth New York, which by its prompt action, had stopped his progress. But Vincent hastens to their help and this attack, too, is repulsed. The combatants, at length, become exhausted. Somewhat later Vincent's troops are reinforced by Weed's brigade of the Fifth Corps, just as the battle on Round Top is about to be renewed. The young and dashing O'Rorke has fallen. Just as these reinforcements come up General Vincent, also, is mortally wounded. General Weed takes position upon the right but has not time to deploy his battahons. Colonel Chamberlain to check the advance of the rebels has PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 399 placed the Twentieth Maine, composed of strong backwoods- men, to secure the defile between the two summits against which Law now directs all his efforts. The contest is renewed along the whole line. General Weed, who sets an example to all around him, is mortally wounded near Haslett's Battery, and Haslett, stooping to receive the last words of General Weed, is struck in his turn and falls lifeless upon the body of his chief. Nearly all the officers are either killed or wounded. But the enemy also becomes exhausted. In order to outflank and surround the Union left he has too much extended his line. Colonel Chamberlain, discerning its weakness, charges it, repulses it and takes more than 300 wounded and prisoners. While these events are taking place at Little Round Top somewhat in advance along the line held by General Sickles, a most determined fight is taking place. General Ward's Brigade, on the extreme left, has suffered the first onset. Then the brigades of DeTrobriand and Graham, and, last of all, the Division of General Humphreys. Though the angle at the Peach Orchard is held by eleven regiments, many of them veterans of the fighting Kearney, they are unable to resist this violent onset. Upon this is concentrated the fire of many batteries, and the line suffers from a battery which delivers a most destructive enfilading fire. Rebel troops flushed with success assail it in overpowering numbers. Such an angle, exposed to such fires and to such assaults, cannot hold out. The brigades of Sweitzer and Tilton lend their efficient aid ; four batteries of the reserve artillery strengthen the three already in position ; Caldwell's Division of Hancock's Corps, with the brigades of Cross and Kelly in front and those of Zook and Brooke in rear, — and then the division of regulars consisting of the brigades of Day and Burbank and commanded by General Ayres who had been at the turning point of so many battles, all came to the assistance of this fiercely-assaulted line and fought with the most determined and heroic courage, but only to suffer severe loss, and, at length, to be driven to the line of Cemetery Ridge. After the left and the centre of Sickles' Corps was thus broken and driven the division of General Humphreys, also, which formed the right, was com- pelled to change front, and then to fall back to the line of Ceme- tery Ridge. Though General Hancock brought yet other troops, and General Meade himself brought forward Lock- 400 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT wood's Maryland Brigade, the line of Humphreys was forced thus violently back. At the time that this took place there was a daring advance on the part of the rebel brigades of Wilcox, composed of Alabamians, and of Wright, made up of Geor- gians, who, having pierced the Union line and finding no effective force interposing, advanced through a hot artillery fire until they reached the very crest of Cemetery Ridge and actually pierced the Union centre. But General Webb met them with such staggering volleys and with such an impetuous charge that they were driven back again with severe loss. Inasmuch as General Hood, who had led the assault against Little Round Top, had been wounded. General Longstreet himself, late in the day, leads a final charge against this stronghold upon the Union left. But while reconnoitering the Union positions and discerning the strong positions of the troops, and particularly recog- nizing the presence of the four brigades of the Sixth Corps which had been advanced to the front, and well knowing that the rest of Sedgwick's Sixth Corps was at hand as reserves, he gave up the thought of attacking again such strong positions so strongly held. These actions on the Union left were not the only ones on the second day. A determined and partially successful attack was made by the rebels of Ewell's corps against the forces on Gulp's Hill and Cemetery Hill. In order to stem the torrent of fierce assault upon the left, this day. General Meade had gready weakened his right. All the troops of the 12th Corps of Slocum, except the brigade of General Green, were taken from Gulp's Hill and sent to the assistance of General Sickles. While these troops were away, General Hayes' brigade on the right and Hokes' brigade on the left, with Gordon's brigade in reserve, advanced against Cemetery Ridge. Von Gilsa's divi- sion and the division of General Ames, in advance, en- JOHN MOONEY, Co. B. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. -tOl closing the batteries of Ricketts and Weidericlc, on higher ground, behind them, received this assault. The batteries of Stewart, Reynolds and Stevens, rendered most efficient help. The rebel right, though meeting with determined resistance, advanced up to the crest of Cemetery Ridge and took the battery of VVeiderick and spiked two of Ricketts' guns. But though at first successful it was against determined opposition. Colonel Wainwright had given orders not to retreat, but to fight the guns to the last. The battery of Stevens poured a terrible fire of double canister into their ranks — the Thirty third Massachusetts opened a very effective oblique fire. The batteries, though penetrated, will not sur- render. " Dearer to the cannonier than life itself, it is said, is the gun he serves," and these brave men fight hand-to hand, with rammers, hand-spikes and even with stones. " Death on the soil of our native State, rather than lose our guns." General Hancock, hearing of this attack, sent Carroll's brigade to the rescue. This was joined by the One Hundred and Sixth Pennsylvania and some reinforcements from Shurtz's division. They came over the hill and went in with a shout. The enemy anticipating only disaster, being with- out reinforcements, fell back. As the)' retreated the artillery opened a most destructive fire, and with such deadly effect that out of 1750 men of the Louisiana Tigers only 150 returned. But the rebel troops of Johnston in their advance upon Culp's Hill were more successful. Masked behind the thickets of Rock Creek they made their stealthy approach. Though bravely and persistently opposed by the brigade of General Green which was stongly entrenched, they found the works constructed by General Geary's men vacant. These they took possession of and held through the night. During the night both sides are strengthened. The four brigades of Geary's troops return about 11 o'clock and are much surprised to find the rebels in possession. Union batteries are placed in position so as to enfilade the rebel position. General Kane's brigade making a detour reaches the position defended by General Green. The division of General Williams, increased by the arrival of Lockwood, is waiting for daylight to renew the battle. The Sixth Corps, too, furnishes supplies and sends the brigades of Shaler and Neill to the extreme left 402 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT along the east side of Rock Creek. The rebel Johnson, too, has been re-enforced by Smith's old brigade, Rhodes' old brig- ade and the brigade of Daniels — raising their force to seven of their large brigades. The battle begins with the light. The Union troops are determined to drive them out of these positions. They must be driven out before they discover their nearness to the Baltimore Pike. At early dawn the artillery opens fire. After firing about fifteen minutes the artillery fire ceases to allow the infantry to advance. But the rebels antici- pate this movement. Formed in three compact lines close to each other they hurl themselves against the Union troops with great impetuosity. They come to recognize their nearness to the line of the Union retreat, if retreat they must, and also their nearness to the supply train. On this road they see strag- glers and non-combatants making their way in haste and con- fusion. This sight greatly stimulates their ardor. The shock and clash of arms is terrific. A desperate struggle takes place among the rocks. Upon the positions exposed all the artillery opens fire. On the south of the Baltimore Pike General Sedg- wick is putting his brigades there into line that he may check the enemy should he advance into the open plain. The contest continues and yet loses none of its desperate character. Gen- eral Stonewall Jackson's old soldiers are not willing to back down even though the contest is against them. At last after seven hours' fighting they determined to make a most deter- mined effort to break Geary's lines so as to reach the Baltimore Pike. But they find that not only are Geary's troops steadfast but that these have been re-enforced by General Kane's brigade and our own brigade under General Shaler. The rebel Gen- eral Stewart having extended his line to the Creek heads the assault and his men follow into the concentrated fire — Ruger's skirmishers on their flank open a murderous fire, while Geary's troops strengthened by others steadfastly resist the assault. They are repulsed. Then immediately Ruger crosses the stream against the enemy while Geary makes a direct ad- vance into the wood, and the enemy is driven out of the en- trenchments. Three stands of colors and 500 prisoners prove the success of this combined movement — Gulp's Hill is cleared. At the time the action ceases on the Union right at Gulp's Hill the heat of the sun has become intense. But neither heat nor cold suspend the shock of arms. Intense as is the heat, PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 403 the pressure upon the leader of the rebel invading forces is yet more intense. With army composed of the very best of the rebel troops, most of them veterans— all highly elated with the successes achieved and sure of certain victory, — Gen- eral Lee has turned to meet the Union Army and brush it away from his conquering path. But at the hands of that Union Army he has met with a most stubborn resistance. Though by the massing of superior numbers, he, on the first day, drove back the Union forces from their advanced positions, and, on the second day, by taking advantage of the faulty position chosen by General Sickles and his long and weak line, — by the same massing efforts and concentration of artillery fire, he drove back this portion of the Union line, yet these successes have been achieved at very great cost and with- out any lasting advantage. The Union line has fallen back but it has been to the very strong position on Cemetery Ridge. There it has entrenched itself. And now if he will succeed, he must drive this army out of its strong position. This strong position General Lee has assaulted at its extreme left at the Round Tops, and there has met with signal failure and great loss. Again he has assaulted this strong position upon the Union right and has there met with a most stubborn resist- ance and has after seven hours' contest been driven out. It remains for him to make trial of the Union centre. He cannot yet retreat. The temporary successes by the rebel assaulting columns inperfectly supported, leads him to the conclusion that an assault made by a very strong body of select troops duly supported will be able to pierce the Union centre and dis- rupt the right and left of the Union line. This accomplished, victory will be complete. This is the great plan. This is the stupendous effort to be made. Since seven or eight o'clock General Lee has been busy in assigning places to the troops that are to make the assault. General Longstreet endeavors to persuade him to adopt the plan of turning the Union left Should he turn the left, he would secure his own line of retreat while he could interpose between the Union forces and Wash- ington. But General Lee has determined upon attacking the Union left centre. That part of the line was indicated by the position of Ziegler's Grove on Cemetery Ridge. The troops selected for making this attack is the division com- manded by General Pickett. Having reached Gettysburg 404 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT they are fresh for the fight and are full of enthusiasm. At lo o'clock they take position near the Peach Orchard. Heth's division, now under General Pettigrew was to advance on the left of Pickett's division and join in the attack on the Union line. The force of General Wilcox was ordered to support the right of Pickett. A very marked feature of the plan of at- tack was assigned to the rebel artillery. At daybreak Col- onel Alexander, who had charge of this portion of the rebel artillery posted six batteries along the line of the Emmetts- burg Road. The other batteries of the Rebel First Corps was posted by Colonel Walton so as to make a slightly concave line of seventy-five pieces of artillery, stationed at the distance of 900 yards to 1300 yards from the Union line. The batteries of Major Henry were placed to the right so as to cross their fire with the rest of the Rebel guns. Somewhat in the rear of these are posted the Washington Artillery with Bearing and Cabell's batteries. All these guns, uniting their fire with some of Ewell's, are to batter that portion of the Union line which the division of Pickett and the associated commands intend to assault. All these preparations consume the time up to 1 o'clock. The Union troops have been wondering at the pro- tracted silence upon this part of the field. The hot sun beats down upon their heads, but no sound of battle is there heard. Suddenly, at i o'clock, two guns — signal guns — are fired, which to the expecting assaulting column say, " be on your guard, be ready." And then suddenly — opens the most furi- ous fusillade of artillery that this New World has ever heard. Who of us who then heard it, will ever forget it? To the seventy-five pieces of artillery of Longstreet's Corps there was added sixty-five pieces of A. P. Hill's Corps — making 138 pieces of artillery, which at the signal given belched forth their smoke and horrid deafening roar and hurled upon the Union line their death-dealing missiles. The very hills, solid as they are, seem to shake beneath the concussion. And what is the effect upon the Union line ? Is it caught in a surprise ? Is it stunned and overwhelmed by the shock? They are not over- whelmed. From the time that the contest on the Union left closed the preceding evening, General Meade assisted by Gen- eral Hancock, has been occupied in rectifying and strength- ening the line. General Hunt, in particular, Chief of the Union Artillery, has with untiring zeal, been busy in examin- PENNSYL\'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 405 ing the batteries and their positions. The batteries of the re- serve artillery have been consolidated. At the extreme left of the line two batteries crown the steep ridge of Litde Round Top. In the depression, this side, McGilvery is posted with eight of the reserve batteries. On the front of the Second Corps Major Hazzard has placed four batteries, one on the left and the others under Arnold, Gushing and Brown on the high ridge. Finally on the ridge, a regular battery has been stationed. Colonel Osborne on this line, has command of fifty pieces. In addition to all these five batteries are held as reserves ready to come to the front and join in the action. To this fusillade of the rebel guns eighty of the Union pieces are ready to reply. General Hunt gives order that they keep back their fire for fifteen minutes ; that they select the point against which their fire will be concentrated. At the expira- tion of these minutes, the eighty guns reply. More than 200 cannon on these two sides engage in this artillery batde. Who of you can imagine the terrible roar, the violence of the concussion, the whizzing of the shot, the screaming and burst- ing of the shells ? The rebel fire is in volleys, all their batteries at once ! Well directed they produce a great effect. The Union fire is regular and is quite destructive. The position of the Union troops, in a depression, while it screens from view, furnishes little protection from this fire of the enemy. The rebel shells burst in the midst of supply trains, batteries and ambulances ; the horses struck totter and fall. General Meade's Headquarters are riddled with balls. General But- terfield, Chief of Staff, is wounded. In every direction men may be seen seeking shelter behind the slightest elevation in the ground. Nothing is heard but this fearful roar and this explo- sion of shells. The Union Infantry remain quiet under this fire and endure the trial with great composure, The artillerists, though most exposed, are sustained by their action amid the excitement. But caisson after caisson is exploded and as the smoke of the explosion rises, it attracts the attention of the enemy and the rebel yell of exultation is heard for miles along their extended line. But the rebel side, too, suffer not a little. They have been obliged to move back their ammunition wagons. Many have met their death and more of them have been wounded. After nearly two hours have thus been spent in this dreadful war of the guns, Generals Meade and Hunt 406 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT order a cessation and prepare for the onset of the rebels which they well know will soon follow. When the Union fire ceases the rebels vainly imagine that their fire has compelled this silence and they regard it as a partial victory. They hasten their preparations. And yet on the part of General Long- street who doubts the success of the attack there is hesitancy and delay. But General Lee has ordered it and his order must be carried out. General Pickett who commands the column of assault is eager for it. His men are confident of victory. When all is ready General Pickett looks to General Longstreet to issue the order and he yet hesitates. General Pickett proudly says " I shall go forward, sir." And now as the soldiers rise from the ground to form ranks many cannot rise. The ground is strewed with the dead, the wounded and with those who have been overcome with the intense heat. But all the able bodied men rise and take their places in line. Full of ardor they move forward with measured pace, so as not to break their allignment. Pickett's division moves with Garnett's brigade in the centre, Kemper's on the right and Armistead's on the left. A swarm of skirmishers covers their front. The smoke which enveloped them and shut off their view has cleared away and they can now see the Union line towards which they are marching and upon which they are to make their assault. This assaulting column of Pickett's di- vision numbers 4500 effective men. By the addition of troops of Pettigrew, Trimble and Wilcox, on the right and the left which are to support Pettigrew, the whole number of troops assaulting is raised to 14,000. The issue of this hard fought battle of Gettysburg upon which so much, both to the rebel in- vading troop, and to the Union cause is depending is now at hand. The success to the rebels means the continued inva- sion of the northern loyal States with disaster heaped upon disaster to the Union cause — and discomfiture to the rebels betokens the lifting of the dark cloud of war and discomfiture ; means the turning of the tide and incoming of success. On, on ! come the rebels marching solidly and quietly in magnifi- cent order. Friends and foes alike watch their movement, as they pass over the space intervening, and accord them the ad- miration which their courage and soldierly bearing merit. Their friends anticipate nothing but victory. On the Union side there is solicitude, courage and firm determination. As PENNSYLX'ANIA X'OLUNTEER INFANTRX'. 407 soon as the rebels emerge from their sheltering woods and thickest smoke, McGilvery concentrates the fire of his forty cannon upon them. Perhaps some of them think of Freder- icksburg under Burnside. These death-dealing missiles do their deadly work. Though suffering from this artillery fire the rebels close up their ranks and move on. The distance over which they must pass is about a mile and a half. Haz- zard having expended all his ammunition of long range is obliged to reserve his fire until they come nearer. As they approach, encouraged by the silence of Hazzard's guns Gen- eral Pickett crosses several enclosed fields until, at length, he reaches the base of the elevation of attack. Then he changes his direction by a half wheel to the right and makes a halt to rectify his lines. This is disastrous to the rebel plan. By this THOS. W. SNOWDEN, LEWIS STRENNER, ALEX P. WILKINS, DANIEL GRABBER, Co. B. movement the distance between General Pickett's division and the supporting troops of General Heth is much increased. These by their imposing appearance, at the distance of 250 yards, draw the Union fire and stop to reply. The troops of Wilcox, too, on the right of General Pickett did not move out with the same promptness as the centre column and he has moved straight forward. As Pickett's division in its forward movement descends into a hollow and becomes involved in the smoke, Wilcox following along his direction to the right becomes separated from Pickett and does not, as General Lee intended, cover the flank of Pickett's division. This is a most 40,s HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT important and providential result, and is highly favorable to the Union side. The central and chief assaulting column is not properly protected and is not adequately supported. It is not as fully prepared to deal the stunning blow designed upon the Union centre. The objective point of the Union line is Ziegler's wood. This part of the ridge, besides the wood is protected on the west by rocks which project like a wall. Stone walls and fences, too, serve for shelter and protection. Here Hayes' troops are posted and the division of General Gib- bon. The two Union lines are so arranged that the batteries of the second line can deliver their fire over the first line. In the salient angle of Ziegler's woods. General Doubleday has placed Stannard's Vermont Brigade. It is against this position so strong and defended by troops so well posted, the rebels are advancing for attack. They will meet with an obstinate resistance. Pickett is beginning to realize the peril of his situation. He is separated from his supporting columns and must attack alone. On his left Pettigrew is not up, and, on his right, Wilcox strays away. And yet he comes boldly on. He does not waver. The gaps made by the shot and shell of the Union artillery only caused them to close up their ranks. The Union battery on Little Round Top which enfiladed their lines, from which they suffered considerably, led to the like closing up of their lines. At the fence occupied by the skirm- ishers of the Second (Union) Corps, near the Emmettsburg Road, Pickett's column met the first Union forces ; these they quickly drove back. General Gibbon commanding the Union front opposed to Pickett's advancing column had directed his men to reserve their firing until the enemy was near enough to make their fire effective. That fire, thus delivered, was with deadly effect. The rebel forces under Pettigrew, on the left of Pickett's column, began to waver on their left and fall behind, the nature of the ground there was more exposed than it was on the rest of their line. The artillery fire had shaken them much and this deadly Union infantry fire of Hayes' Division sent them back in masses. Through all this Pickett's sol- diers advance at the double quick. This fearful fire of General Gibbon's division thins their ranks. The rebel Gen- eral Garnett, whose brigade is somewhat in the advance, falls mortally wounded not a hundred yards from the Union line. This for a moment causes his troops to halt. The brigades of PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTF^iY. 409 Pickett, at sixty yards, open fire upon the Union line, but their bullets flatten themselves upon the rocks against which they strike. Halting a little to allow Armistead's men to get more completely in line, they move forward under the leadership of their chiefs and scale the accli\'ity which is before them. The 3'ells of the rebels mingle with the fire of their muskets. But this well directed fire from the LTnion from the oblique and energetic fire of Stannard's forces and those of Gates upon his right flank caused many of his men to surrender, others to retreat outright, and others to crowd together. Nevertheless, the brigade of Armistead, united with that of Garnett's, pressed on. Pickett is determined to break Gibbon's line and capture the guns. Webb's front which had been the focus of the enemy's concentrated artillery fire which had lost already some fifty men and officers, still remained firm and unshaken. The disabled guns — Cushing's battery A, (Fourth U. S. Ar- tillery, and Brown's Rhode Island battery,) had been re-placed by two fresh batteries and also by Cowan's First Indepen- dent of New York, of the Sixth Corps, which had come up and taken the place of Brown's battery on the left. Armistead, urging his men forward, has reached the rebel front between Kemper and Garnett, and these, a compact mass of men, bespattered with blood, driven by an irresistible force superior to the individual will of the men composing it, throws itself like a solid body upon the Union line before it. The shock is terrible. It falls, at first upon the brigades of Hall and Harrow, then concentrates itself upon Webb's brigade. Webb, in the midst of his soldiers encouraging them, is quickly wounded. The struggle is waged at close quarters. The rebels pierce the line of the Union forces. But the Union men, dislodged from their first position at "the wall," fell back to their second line, formed of small earth-works, erected on the ridge in front of their guns. These guns fire grape shot upon the advancing foes. Hancock and Gibbon bring forward all their reserves. Hall to the left of Webb, by means of a line rectified by a half wheel to the rear, places his men on the flank of the advancing rebels. General Harrow, not being directly engaged, advances with his left, and almost takes Pickett's advancing line, on the reverse. This first line of Hayes' Division whicli received this cliarge was composed of the Twelfth New Jersey, Fourteenth Connecticut and First Delaware. The Second line, One Hundred and Eleventh, One Hundred and Twenty-fifth, and Thirty-ninth New \'ork; Regiments. 410 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT The troops, posted on the right and left, hasten towards the point threatened. Humphreys sends Carr's brigade to the assistance of the Second Corps. The Union regiments become mixed, but they are all pressing each other in a mass, forming a living bulwark of defence more than four lines deep. A clump of trees, near which Gushing, when living, had posted his guns, is the point the rebels aim to reach. Armistead on foot, his hat perched on the point of his sword, rushes forward to attack the battery. To his men he cries, " Give them the cold steel, boys," but he falls pierced with balls by the side of the gallant young Gushing. Hereafter this clump of trees, the farthest point reached by the rebels, be- comes historical. Thus far and no farther is the fiat of Almighty God in their vain efforts to conquer the North and extend the limits of Southern slavery. As Pickett's centre failed so the column on his left, intended for support, failed. Also the column of his right which by continuing on its direct couse instead of declining to the left about 45 de- grees, thus leaving Pickett's column uncovered and liable to attack on its right and thus to greater loss and confusion ; also to fail in its unaided uttack on the Union front ; it also failed through the splendid and rear attack of Stannard's force who, besides inflicting great loss and confusion upon Pickett's ad- vancing right, took several hundred prisoners. This attack was followed closely by Gates' command which continued to fire on them at close range. This caused many to surrender, others to retreat, and others to crowd together. The Eighth Ohio, which was on picket, overlapping the rebel left, closed in on the rebel left with great effect. Still, the next rebel brigade, Armistead's — united to Garnett's brigade, pressed on, as Pickett was determined to break the Union line under General Gibbon, and, in so doing, take the Union guns. The Union forces under Webb, having suftered much by being made the special objects of the rebel artillery fire, still remained firm against the coming attack. Gushing's battery A, Fourth U. S. Artillery, posted on the Union crest with Brown's Rhode Island battery, had been disabled by the Rebel artillery fire, and had been replaced by Gowan's First New York, of the Sixth Corps' battery, and another, Wheeler's bat- tery, came up just before Pickett's attack and took the place of Gushing's. The rebel Armistead pressed forward, leaped the PENNSYLVANIA \'(.)LUNTEER INFANTRY, 411 stone wall waving his sword with his hat on it, followed with about a hundred of his men, several of whom carried rebel battleflags. He shouted " Give them the cold steel, boys " and laid his hand upon a gun and this, for a few minutes, was in his possession, and the rebel flag was in the front waving over the Union line. But Webb, animating and encouraging his men, was very near Armistead. He led the Seventy-second Pennsylvania against the rebel front and placed a line of wounded men in the rear of these to hold them to their duty. A portion of the Seventy-first Pennsylvania were posted so as to throw in a flanking fire, while a great part of the Sixty-ninth Pennsylvania and the remainder of the Seventy-first, made stern resistance from a copse of trees on the left near where the rebels had broken the Union line and were Union men were shot with the rebel muskets touching their breasts. A splendid charge of two regiments was led by Colonel Hall, which passed completely through Webb's line and engaged the enemy in a hand-to-hand fight. General Armistead was shot down by the side of the gun he had taken. It is said his last words were " Tell Hancock, I have wronged him, and wronged my country." Gibbon and Webb were wounded and the loss in Union officers and men was very heavy. Two rebel brigadiers were killed and more rebel prisoners were taken than twice Webb's brigade ; also six rebel battleflags and 1463 muskets were gathered in. General Doubleday sent stretcher-carriers and ambulances to care for the Confederate wounded. When Pickett, the rebel leader, looked at the top of the ridge he had temporarily gained, he clearly saw that it was impossible to hold this position. Union troops were rushing in upon him from all sides. The Union Second Corps was en- gaged in a furious assault upon his front. His men were fighting with clubbed muskets and even banner-staves were entertwined in a fierce and hopless struggle. The Confederate Pettigrew, on his left, had given way and a heavy Union skirmish line began to accumulate on that flank. He saw his men surrendering in masses, and with a heart full of anguish he ordered a retreat. Death had been busy on all sides, and comparatively few of his advancing column now remained and these in disorder fell back behind the Confeder- ate Wright's brigade sent forward tp cover their retreat. 412 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT A small rebel force rallied in a slashing that had been cut down by our men to accommodate the Union artillery fire, but when two regiments of Rowley's brigade, the One Hundred and fifty-first Penns3dvania and the Twentieth New York State Militia under Colonel Theodore B. Gates, made a gallant charge they drove them out. While this contest of the rebel centre and left in front of the Union forces under Webb was carried on, the rebels on the right of the advancing column had advanced in their own direct route and thus separated themselves more and more from Pickett's column and, at a delayed period of time, had been deployed by its leader and had opened a feeble fire against Caldwell's division on the left of the troops under General Doubleday. This furnished Stannard an opportunit}^ to repeat his successful fiank fire against these also. De- taching the Fourteeth and Sixteenth Vermont regiments, he, with them, opened a disastrous flank fire upon the left of the advancing column. The rebel Wilcox, thus struck on his left, while a long line of batteries on his front tore his front to pieces with cannister-shot, found it impossible for his troops to gain a foothold. He found his column exposed to a de- structive cross fire and was obliged to retreat. A large body of his men were brought in as prisoners. A portion of Longstreet's corps, — Robertson's and Law's brigades advanced against the two Round Tops with the view of preventing the sending of troops from that position to strengthen the force resisting Pickett's charge. Kilpatrick interfered with this. About 2 P. M. he made his appearance on the Union left with Farnsworth's brigade, and Merritt's Brigade of Regulars with Graham's and Elder's Regular bat- teries. His design was to attack the rebel right and reach the rebel ammunition train in that vicinity. Rebel report is that his men came on yelling like demons. Driving back the rebel skirmishers on that flank Merritt's men, deployed on the left, soon became engaged with Anderson's Georgia Brigade supported by two batteries. Farnsworth on the right, with his First Vermont regiment, leaped a fence and advanced until he came to a second stone fence, where he was checked by Law's Fourth Alabama Regiment, on its return from a demonstration against Round Top. Farnsworth, turning and leaping another fence, amidst shot and shell made an attempt PENNS^-L\'ANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY'. 413 to capture Bachman's rebel batter}^ In this effort Farnsworth was killed, and the First Vermont, finding itself enclosed in a field with high fences on all sides, behind which rebel infantry were continually rising and firing, was broken up and forced to retire in detachments. This attack of Farnsworth hindered the sending of any rebel troops to Pickett's force. The repulse of Pickett's force with such slaughter and loss, destroyed the rebel dream of conquest and led to the retreat of Lee's army across the Potomac, with the Sixth Corps in their rear as far as South Mountain, where, amid a downpour of rain and the thick darkness, our Brigade spent the night. On that mountain top three or four Twenty-third Pennsylvania Volunteer officers sheltered themselves in the garret of a house, glad of a protecting roof over them. There one of the Chaplains lost a flask of brandy which he had been carr3'inginhis saddle bag for the wounded soldiers. Thankful for the shelter enjoyed, he said nothing, made no inquiries. Some on the outside in the pelting rain warmed themselves and kept out the cold. Although the risen Potomac delayed Lee's crossing, he succeeded in getting across with forces and trains. This ended the Gettysburg campaign. CALIFORNrA JOE OF BERDAn',S SHARPSHOOTERS. 414 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Names and Addresses of all Kno\vn Survi- vors of tKe T-wenty-tKird Pennsyl- vania Infantry Those marked with * were of 3 months' service. Field and Staff Colonel John F. Glenn, 2535 Brown Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Lieutenant- Colonel Wm. J. Wallace, 1432 South 49th Street, Phila- delphia, Pa. Adjutant Thos. K. Boggs, Flushing, New York. Quartermaster Sergeant Wm. H. Albertson, 24 South 7th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Regimental Band Cobbin, Thomas, Philadelphia, Pa. Roth, John, 17 16 South 6th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Wiley, Benj., Wilmington, Del. Company A. Bateman, J. J., 4254 North Franklin Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Branson, Ed. R. , 533 Dickinson Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Barry, Albert B., 2308 Cedar Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Brabender, Ed. A., 216 West Wildey Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Colwell, James, 17 12 North 26th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Davenport, Henry H. , 244 Line Street; Camden, N. J. Fritsch, Henry G. , 7031 Wright Avenue, Chicago, 111. Garson, Lewis F. , 804 Champe Street, Denver, Col. Huber, Charles F., 212 Washington Square, Philadelphia, Pa. Hilton, Wm. F. , Box 685, Hartford, Conn. Havens, Joseph, 2525 East Norris Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Murray, Charles, Soldiers' Home, Dayton, O. *Martin, Sylvester H., Adj., Soldiers' Home, Erie, Pa. Martin, James, Soldiers' Home, Va. McCormick, Michael, 1630 South Rosewood Street, Philadelphia, Pa. *North, George \V. , 4513 Haverford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. Patton, John, 41 N. Paxson Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Patterson, James, Post i G. A. R. , Philadelphia, Pa. Powell, Geo. H. , 308 South State Street, Chicago, 111. Ouigley, Wm. J., Oakland, Cal. Sexton, John E. , 655 North 39th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Shutruter, Wm., Table Rock, Adams County, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 415 Speckman, Louis J., Berwyn, Chester County, Pa. Stengel, Philip, Fox Chase, Philadelphia, Pa. Tustin, Isaac, Moorestown, N. J. Company B Blanck, Geo. \V. , 351 Pine Street, Camden, N. J. Bohn, John, Box 173, Lehighton, Pa. Barbour, Jas. H., 1444 North 27th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Connelly, Frank A., 1807 N. Judson Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Carty, Henry A., Callao, Peru, South America. *Costello, John, 606 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Dorn, Theo. H., 1329 South 29th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Drew, Henry G. , 420 South 17th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. *Fitzinger, George W. , Matawan, N. J. Graeber, Daniel, 341 1 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Gardiner, David, Soldiers' Home, Va. Gillespie, James, Penn Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Granello, Geo. W. , Lebanon, Pa. Hillebrand, Louis, 108 South 8th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Hahn, Frank D. , Brockport, New York. Holworth, Henry, 3633 North i6th Street, Philadelphia, Pa Jenkins, B. F. , 2041 South loth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Lampter, Lewis, 3829 Nice Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Mooney, John, 148 Market Street, Chicago, 111. McKim, Henry, Burhngton, N. J. *Newberg, Robert, 2318 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Peddle, Wm. R., Pension Bureau, Washington, D. C. Peifer, F. Geo. , 2040 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Peacock, Henry C. , 2207 Townsend Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Snowden, Thomas W., 1901 F"airmount Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Sewell, James, 3742 Evans Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. Thomas, R. B., 1246 North i8th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Tuder, John F., Hammonton, N. J. Thalheimer, Albert, 141 Cedar Street, Reading, Pa. Wilkins, Alex., Soldiers' Home, Dayton, O. Company C Bauer, John, 2125 North 9th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Brown, John, Bull Head Hotel, Wilmington, Del. Collins, James P., Beartown, Lancaster County, Pa. Chadwick, Thomas I. , 2042 Fitzwater Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Callahan, John, Rahway, N. J. *Campbell, Peter F. , 19 13 Pemberton Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Cassaday, Nicholas, Vienna, Fairfax Co. , \'a. Donnell, Ezekiel, Soldiers' Home, Va. 416 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Eberhart, Wni. F., 615 W. Venango Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Ellenger, Chas. S., Adams Express Company, 17th and Market Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. Fell, Thomas, 2505 Fox Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Ford, Wm., Braddock, Pa. Gardiner, John, 2723 Philip Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Gilbert, Thomas, iiS Mehl Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Galloway, Geo. W. , 167 Fountain Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Henry, Daniel, Branch P. O., Westmoreland County, Pa. *Landon, John K., 822 Dudley Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Lasage, James, 2233 North i8th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Little, Wm. , Tacony, Philadelphia, Pa. Miller, Wm. H., Henry Clay, New Castle County, Del. Marache, Chas. C. , 11 24 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. McFadden, Neill, West \'incent, Chester County, Pa. Nutt, James, 2008 W. Huntingdon Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Staiger, Gotleib, 2016 Berks Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Sigmond, Houston, 725 Watkins Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Spence, Mathew, 211 Pulaski Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. Thomas, Wm., 1949 Judson Place, Philadelphia, Pa. Tipton, Charles E. , 827 Federal Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Thompson, James, Henry Clay, Del. White, Joseph H., Easton, Md. Warner, Martin, Columbus, O. Company D Albany, A. J., 103 Cotton Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Brown, Charles, Adams Express Company, 17th and Market Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. Barr, Samuel, 181 Levering Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Boyd, John, Soldiers' Home, Dayton, O. Barnes, George W. , Soldiers' Home, Va. Buchanan James, Steubenville, O. Crawford, Geo. , Soldiers' Home, Va. ^element, Wm. K., 3926 Aspen Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Campbell, Alex., 806 Preston, Houston Street, Tex. Campbell, James, Soldiers' Home, \'a. Edwards, Wm. , 2502 Pine Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Fisher, James, U. S. Soldiers' Home, Cal. Galbraith, John, rear 1934 Cuthbert Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Gibson, Thomas, 153 Hermitage Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Hogg, Charles T. , 2855 North 6th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Harvey, Jas. D. , Morris Run, Tioga County, Pa. *Huebly, Joe. E. , 516 South 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Hattersley, Joseph, 2 Clark Street, Newark, N. J. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 417 Kirkpatrick, John, 23 Winchester Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Kennedy, John H., 1637 Christian Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Lindsay, John, 1251 South Mole Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Mitchell, Geo. P., 213 Mulberry Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Marache, Charles C. , 11 24 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. McCoy, Henry, 2425 North Bancroft Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McClung, John, 3248 Lancaster Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McGee, Thomas, Frankford Arsenal, Philadelphia, Pa. Rumney, John, 4655 Smick Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Rivel, Jeremiah, 809 West 7th Street, Wilmington, Del. Thwaites, Alfred, Monastery Avenue, Roxborough, Philadelphia, Pa. Tippen, George, 219 Mififlin Street, Philadelphia, Pa. W^right, Isaac, Prospect Street, Roxborough, Philadelphia, Pa. Wiley, Samuel, 5718 Ludlow Street, Philadelphia, Pa. *Watts, David, 2042 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Company E Baker, Wm. J., 2250 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Brown, James, 5645 Appletree Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Boyd, John, 131 1 North 23rd Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Boyd, Hugh, 5203^ South 23rd Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Brown, James, Catharine above 21st Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Brown, Jas. C, 326 Belgrade Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Blessington, Jas., Vallejo, Cal. *Black, Wm. D. , 1515 South 19th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Clark, Wm., Court House, Pottsville, Pa. Corn, Lawrence, 2031 Morris Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Disert, Robert, Knoxdale, Jefferson County, Pa. Dougherty, Wm. , 2013 Mayfield Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Egner, Robert, 2046 Westmoreland Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Finley, Wm., Jacinto, Cal. Fow, Daniel, Chester, Pa. Gilbert, Jno., 1452 Point Breeze, Philadelphia, Pa. Gibson, James, 918 West Somerset Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Henderson, John, 1905 Wilcox Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Johnson, Adam B., Clifton Heights, Pa. *Johnson, Robt. A., '5607 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Morgan, John, 2015 Manton Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Moore, David, McKay's Brickyard, Bridesburg, Philadelphia, Pa. *iMcFalls, Samuel, 1326 Pine Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McGinnis, James, 623 South 19th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McKinney, Joseph, 807 South 20th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McKinney, Wm., Soldiers' Home, \'a. McClelland, Richard, 321 East 7th Street, Wilmington, Del. 418 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT McKinzie, John, Cannelton, Ind. Simpkins, Belford, 3029 Oakford Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Smith, Archibald, 2918 W. York Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Tate, James, Detective Department, City Hall, Philadelphia, Pa. Tate, Hugh, Phoenixville, Pa. Taylor, James, 277 Rebecca Street, Allegheny City, Pa. Young, John, Soldiers' Home, Va. Company F Atkinson, B. Frank, 4642 Jackson Street, Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pa. Boyle, John, 2327 Meredith Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Benson, Geo. A., San Diego, Cal. Bothwell, Jas., Soldiers' Home, Va. *Brisburn, Jas., E. Haines Street, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Colville, David, 2342 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Fassett, John B., 761 West End Avenue, New York City. Gwynn, James, New York City. Green, William, 827 N. 27th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Graham, Geo., Meridan, Conn. Graham, Geo., W., Soldiers' Home, Va. *Garrett, George, 2636 Germantown Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Henry, James, 131 3 Christian Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Henry, Peter, New York City. Kelly, John, 3824 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Lewison, David or Lazarus, 119 West One-hundred and Thirty-third Street, New York City. Masland, James W. , 2819 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Moffit, John, Mary Street, S. S. , Pittsburg, Pa. McHugh, Patrick, Wayne Street, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Powell, Alex, 6323 Baynton Street, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. Parker, James, Sixteenth and Fitzwater Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. *Parks, John W. , Dallas, Texas. Purnell, John H., 120 Locust Street, Allegheny City, Pa. Robinson, John T. , 1919 Christian Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Rodgers, Wm., 754 Florida Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Robinson, Lucian J., 2412 Germantown Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Williams, C. E. , 1738 South loth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Weaver, Wm. B. , Soldiers' Home, Va. Wray, Wm. J., 122 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Company G Bantom, Wm. H., 1328 Toronto Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Black, Robert, 1707 West Thompson Street, Philadelphia, Pa. *Beath, Robert B., 747 North Fortieth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 419 Chadwick, Wm. B. , Collingsdale, Delaware County, Pa. Culbertson, Edward A., 2132 Wood Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Cavender, Philip, Soldiers' Home, Marshalltown, Iowa. *Cunningham, James, 1533 Dickinson Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Duswald, Samuel, 1673 North Fifty-fourth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Flennard, Wm. H. , 4302 Ludlow Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Fraley, Geo. W. , St. Davids, Pa. Kroessen, Jas. C. , Post i G. A. R., Columbus, Ohio. Miller, Richard J., 2331 Fairhill Street, Philadelphia, Pa. MahoUand, W. H., Columbus, Ga. MacKinson, G. M., Paschallville, Philadelphia, Pa. McClaskey, Henry, 2214 Morris Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McEldron, W. C. , or W. C. Barclay, Baltimore, Md. Peile, Frank C. , 401 1 Haverford Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Robinson, James, 1402 South Juniper Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Roe, Jesse R. S. , Joplin, Mo. Rutherford, Wm. G. , 1314 Melon Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Smallwood, Charles E. , 1227 North Twenty-seventh Street, Philadel- phia, Pa. *Speer, Morris H., 338 Wharton Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Stokley, Joseph, Soldiers' Home, O. Smith, Edward J., Colorado Springs, Col. Taylor, Frank, Oak Hall, Philadelphia, Pa. Yocum, Jacob, Paschallville, Philadelphia, Pa. Company H Brown, Jas. C, Soldiers' Home, Va. Blanchard, H. F., Fresno Flatts, Cal. Dufford, James, Dorseyville, Pa. Everhart, H. W., Pittsburg, Pa. Gallagher, John, Opera House, Pittsburgh, Pa. Hickman, Job., Bala, Philadelphia, Pa. Huber, Wm. L., 1205 South i6th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Haviland, John, 1340 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Howell, Geo. D., Decatur, Texas. *Hess, Wm. -H. H., 3828 Mt. Vernon Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Johnson, John G. , 1433 Moyamensing Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Jenkins, Benj., 527 West Laurel Street, Pottsville, Pa. Linton, John S., 1519 Dickinson Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Lant, John A. , Tarrytown, N. Y. Milford, Wm. W., 1720 Oxford Street, Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa. Michael, Wm. B., 1925 Bainbridge Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McKenna, James, Pittsburg, Pa. McEwen, Lawrence, Connellsville, Pa. 420 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Palmer, Geo. W., 1006 Fernon Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Pedrick, Dan'l. H., Soldiers' Piome, Va. Smith, Sherwood B., Reading, Pa. Slaysman, Charles R. , Gilroy, Cal. *Tompkins, John T. , Colmar P. O. , Pa. Worth, Frank M. , Excelsior, Minn. Company I Adams, Gilbert, High Bridge, New York City, N. Y. Albright, Jacob, Columbia, Pa. Boyd, Robert, 1033 Dorrance Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Bayley, Jas. C. , 150 Mifflin Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Butcher, Alex. M., 802 Cross Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Berg, John D. , 23 Plum Street, Reading, Pa. Berger, Abram, York, Pa. *Brazier, Wm. , Pottsville, Pa. Coakley, C. J., 1507 Bodine Street, Philadelphia, Pa. ^Courtney, John B. , 2326 Fitzwater Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Dunbar, Robert S. , Columbia, Pa. *Daugherty, John P., 3826 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Eisenberger, Martin, Marietta, Pa. Franklin, JohnG. , 112 South 5th Street, Darby, Pa. P'ry, David, Columbia, Pa. Goldsmith, Frank, Wrightsville, Pa. Gormly, John, 635 West York Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Hernley, A. H. , Crawfordsville, Ind. Henderson, Jacob, Columbia, Pa. Hambright, Chas. K. , York, Pa. Irwin, Wm., Soldiers' Home, O. Lomax, Elias, 2028 South 7th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. *Maguigan, Ed. J., 925 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Murphy, Frank, 1234 Butler Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Markley, Sam'l, Mountville, Pa. Mitchell, Thos. , Soldiers' Home, Va. Morast, Wm., Soldiers' Home, Danville, 111. Mulholland, Robert, 11 36 Day Street, Philadelphia, Pa. McFadden, Oliver, Marietta, Pa. Rodgers, Jno. B., Wrightsville, Pa. Stull, Ed. L., Soldiers' Home, Va. Stauffer, Abrm., Washington Borough, Pa. Shue, Geo. W. , Cleveland, Ohio. Sloan, Wm. D., 5221 Haverford Street, Philadelphia, Pa. .Shenberger, James, Wrightsville, Pa. *Smith, Geo. F., 621 North Second Street, Philadelphia, Pa. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 421 Stevens, Kennedy, 2435 North Twentieth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Todd, Jacob, Port Deposit, Md. Williams, Jessie S., Soldiers' Home, Ohio. Will, Norman, Rowlandsville, Md. Company I\ Bolestridge, James J. , 2406 Turner Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Colgan, James, 330 New Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Davis, Dennis, Soldiers' Home, Ohio. Duncan, Wm. , Hatboro, Pa. P'arren, Wm. J., 3225 North 15th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Finley, Wm., Kitchen, Blockley, Philadelphia, Pa. Gifford, Alfred H., Galveston, Texas. Kreps, Peter, Pittsburg, Pa. *Kinsley, Jas. G. , 129 Prime Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Millman, James K. , Philadelphia, Pa. McKim, Chas. , Burhngton, N. J. *McIlvain, Wm. H. , 736 Federal Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Neille, Wm. H., 578 Berkely Street, Camden, N. J. Priest, Charles, 212 North Packer Street, Baltimore, Md. Spear, Morris L. , Soldiers' Home, Ohio.. Simon, Christ.- G. , iSrgGinnodo Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Simon, Jno. P.. 1 136 Savery Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Simon, Fred. P., 3102 Frankford Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Simpson, Geo. L. , 307 Atlantic Avenue, Camden, N. J. Williams, Daniel, 203 6th Street, S. E. , Washington, D. C. *Webb, Geo. E. , Bullitt Building, Philadelphia, Pa. 422 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT List of those of the 23d Pa. Vols, who Died since Muster-ovat of Regiment Those marked with * were of the 23d P. V. 3 months' service. Field and Staff and Non-Commissioned Staff *Colonel, Charles P. Dare, died at Philadelphia, December, 1861. General, (Colonel) Thomas H. Neill, died at Philadelphia, March 12, 1885. Surgeon, George Yeoman, died at Philadelphia, April 17, 1895. Surgeon, Wm. C. Roller, died at Hollidaysburg, Pa., March 11, 1897, Quartermaster, J. D. Chandler, died at Passaic, N. J., Jan. 29, 1898. Chaplain, Rev. Jas. G. Shinn, died at Atlantic City, N. J., Oct., 1903. Sergeant-Major, Frank Maguigan, died at Philadelphia, Pa. , March, 1902. Quartomaster Sergeant, Oliver Eckert, died at Philadelphia, Pa. , June 15, 1883. Kand Drum-Major, L. Landenburg, died at Perkasie, Pa. Band Master, Thebold Herman, died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 21, 1886. Benj. Wiley, died at Wilmington, Del. John Freeman, died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 16, 1892. John Birch, died at Philadelphia, Pa. James Nicholson, died at Camden, N. J., September 17, 1900. Company A Captain, George P. Wood, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Lieutenant, William Foster, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Lieutenant, Robert McClelland, died at Philadelphia, Pa. , November 28, 1884. Blank, William J. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Barry, Albert B., died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 27, 1895. Bartley, William, died at Philadelphia, Pa., October 14, 1902. Foreman, John, died at Philadelphia, Pa. *Govett, Louis, died at Philadelphia, Pa. *Hansell, Amos, died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 6, 1890. Metcalf, John H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 24, 1898. McGraw, Michael, died at Philadelphia, Pa., July i, 1894. Patterson, Hugh, died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 24, 1901. *Selkirk, Robert, died at Philadelphia, Pa. TuUy, Joseph M., died at Philadelphia, January i, 1886. PENNSYLX'ANIA X'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 423 Tobin, Francis, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Turner, Alexander, died at National Soldiers' Home, Va. , 1900. Turner, William]., died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 28, 1901. Williams, William, died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 22, 1901. Company B Lieutenant, Henry Crease, died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 17, 1889. Bieger, Philip, died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 12, 1901. Berg, John D. , died at Reading, Pa. Coates, Henry, died at Pittsburg, Pa. Fow, Jacob, died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 15, 1892. George, Alexander Hamilton, died at Elkton, Md. Mathews, Charles ^^^ , died at Philadelphia, Pa. McConnell, H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 10, 1882. Queen, Jacob C. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Rossler, Henry J. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Snivelly, Charles L. , died at Erie, Pa., July 24, 1901. Shaw, Joseph B., died at Philadelphia, Pa., January, 1883. Sharp, Joseph, died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 26, 1888. Simon, Bernard, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Sooy, J. A. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Stout, A. M., died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 17, 1893. Sproal, James J., died at Newton Square, November i, 1899. Taber, J. S. C. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Wagner, Benj. F., died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 8, 1895. Walters, A. H., died at Philadelphia, Pa. Company C Lieutenant, Frank Lynch, died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 6, 1887. Lieutenant, John R. Johnson, died at Cleveland, O., August 25, 1895. Brown, Charles H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 24, 1895. Dorsey, Thomas F. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Elliott, Washington, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Elliott, Robt. J. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Fischler, Sebastion, died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 21, 1885. Gardner, Alexander, died at Philadelphia, Pa., December, 1901. Holmes, John, died at Philadelphia, Pa., September 23, 1894. Jennings, John W. B., died at Tamaqua, Pa. Kilrain, John, died at Tamaqua, Pa. Larue, Asa, died at Soldiers' Home, Erie, Pa. Lapp, John, died at Soldiers' Home, Erie, Pa., June 20, 1903. McAllister, John, died at Atlantic City, N. J., September 11, 1901. McCabe, Richard, died at Soldiers' Home, Ohio, March 5, 1S96. McCabe, John, died at Stafford, Mo., November i, 1902. 424 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Orr, John, died at Brigeport, Pa., May 12, 1888. Rigler, H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 17, 1887. Smith, Robt. J., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 5, 1883. Seger, Saml. , died at Bidwell, Cal. , November 3, 1896. Thompson, John, died at Soldiers' Home, Cal., October 10, 1898. *Till, Charles S., died at Soldiers' Home, Erie, Pa., April 24, 1S94. Van Brunt, Turnis W. , died at Soldiers' Home, Ohio. Wilhelm, A., died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 25, 1885. Weeks, Saml. S., died at Atlantic City, N. J. Company D Anthony, Jno. P., died at Philadelphia, Pa. *Acton, Nathaniel, died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 25, 1902. Burton, Jos., died at Soldiers' Home, Philadelphia, Pa. *Biles, Geo. W. M. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Campbell, Jno. M., died at Ardmore, Pa. Cargill, J. Jno., died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 16, 1896. Dougherty, Geo., died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 12, 1894. Galbraith, Jno., died at Philadelphia, Pa. Holland, Patk. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 9, 1902. James, Wm. , died at Philadelphia. Pa,, May 6, 1884. Keely, Jas. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 31, 1900. Lamon, Martin, died at Philadelphia, Pa., January t6, 1900. Moore, Wash. O., died at Philadelphia, Pa., October 14, 1883. Milliken, Thos. J., died at New Castle, Del, August 9, 1885. McCuen, Jas., died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 24, 1889. McCorkel, A., died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 12, 1902. Neely, Saml. A., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 28, 1901. Sweeney, Mchl. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. *Spear, Kirk, died at Atlantic City, N. J. Shaw, Wm., died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 23, 1893. Steen, And. E. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 21, 1897. Toland, Neil, died at Philadelphia, Pa. White, Jos., died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 29, 1896. ^Wallace, John, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Williams, C. S. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 4, 1898. Company E Acton, Jas. B., died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 10, 1896. Agnew, Danl. S. , died at Darby, Pa. Brown, Thos. C. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., February i, 1889. Buchanan, Wm., died at Soldiers' Home, O., June 18, 1900. Buchanan, Jas., died at Lananghan Patch, Pa., May 18, 1893. PENNSYLVANIA X'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 4L'5 Can-, C. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. EUingsworth, Saml., died at San Francisco, Cal. Graham, Jas. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1904. Hance, Geo. W. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 5, 1893. Jordan, Jas., died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 18, 1899. Kearney, Wm., died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 3, 1890. Keyes, Wm., died at Philadelphia, Pa., April 24, 1890. Kilpatrick, Jnc, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Lindsay, Win. H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 19, 1901. Marshall, John, Sergt. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Morgan, Ed. S., died in Philadelphia, Pa., February 18, 1891. McManus, Jno., died at Philadelphia, Pa. McFalls, W. J., diedatCoehs City, Ind. Pitts, Alex., died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 8, 1883. *Purser, Spencer, died at Soldiers' Home, Kansas. Rankin, J., died at Soldiers' Home, Va. Company K *Capt. J. Keenside White, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Atkinson, Jos. B. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., Septembers, 1897. Bodkins, Robt. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 8, 1902. Carrigan, Jno. H., died at Soldiers' Home, Va. , Dec. 25, 1900. Cazier, Henry H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 12, 1889. Doyle, Jno., died at Pittsburg, Pa., October 21, 1897. Donnelly, Dan'l, Sr. , died at Soldiers' Home, O. Donnelly, Dan'l, Jr., died at Soldiers' Home, O., Nov. 11, 1891. Earle, Jas. T. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 18, 1896. Fisher, Julius, died at Gill Hall, Pa., December 15, 1887. Flanagan, Wm. R. , died at Philadelphia Pa. Graham, Jas. H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 4, 1888. Hunterson, Jno. V. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Hickey, Patrick, died at Kansas City, Mo., October 19, 1885. Johnson, Alex., died at Philadelphia Pa., August 11, igoi. Keesey, W. N., died at Marion, Minn., March 28, 1902. Lukens, Thos. L., died at Marion, Minn., March, 1898. Lukens, Chas. P., died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 24, 1897. Love, Jas. P., died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 6, i886. McGarvey, Wm. H. , Corporal, died at Philadelphia, Pa. McGarvey, James, died at Philadelphia, Pa. McCabe, Peter, died at Soldiers' Home, Milwaukee, Wis. Miller, Casper, died at Dover, Del, March 26, 1901. Whiteman, Jacob M., died at Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 29, 1896. Wert, Wm. A., died at Soldiers' Home, Va. Company G Capt. Jno. Maxwell, died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 17, 1902. 426 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Allibone, Thos. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., April 8, 1898. Barclay, Wm. C. , died at Baltimore, Md. Bunker, Alfred, died at Burlington, N. J. Boyd, Andrew, died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 20, 1885. *Baugh, Louis G. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Davis, Jno. S., died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 10, 1895. Fisher, Fred. K., died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 18, 1887. Gibson, Jno., died at Philadelphia, Pa., October 9, 1902. Griffith, Rich' d A., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 9, 1886. Highley, Wm. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Haddock, Henry, died at Soldiers' Home, Va. , May 29, 1902. Hilsee, Robt. C., died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 18, 1890. ^Howard, Geo. W. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., October 6, 1892. Johnson, Geo. W., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 23, 1896. Kerr, George, died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1903. Mackenson, Geo., died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1898. Mills, Jno., died at Soldiers' Home, Va. , November 5, 1890. Nacy, Jas. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., September 26, 1886. Patterson, Robt., died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 24, 1886. Poole, Jefferson, died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 26, 1890. Roe, Wm. R. , died at Brandt, Pa., January 26, 1901. Sperry, Sam'l R. , died at Harrisburg, Pa., January 17, 1900. Sarch, John, died in Philadelphia, Pa., July 4, 1897. Company H Captain, James M. Craig, died at Pittsburg, Pa., February 9, 1899. Bailee, A. D. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., October, 1890. Blanck, Wm., Sr. , died at Camden, N. J., January 11, 1891. Forsythe, Colin, died at West Ehzabeth, Pa., September 11, 1887. Michael, Thos. H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., June 19, 1890. McDermott, Phillip, died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 26, 1895- Roach, Jno., died at Odessa, Neb. Robinson, Wm., died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1903. Spence, James, died at Philadelphia, Pa., April 28, 1903. Schall, A., died at Philadelphia, Pa., October 28, 1882. Slaysman, Geo., died at Sprague, Wash., May 6, 1903. Smith, Jas. M., died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 6, 1902. Uber, David H., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 19, 1903. *Watermyer, Jno. W. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 2, i8q8. PENNSYL\'ANIA \'OLUNTEER INFANTRY. 41'7 Company I Albertson, Sam'l W., died at Philadelphia, Pa., August 28, 1884. Brooks, Geo., died ac Marietta, Pa., September, 1894. Christy, Jno., died at Columbia, Pa., November 12, 1885. Daley, Jas. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Grannelo, Frank, died at Grand Rapids, Mich. *Jobbins, Joseph, died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1903. Lee, John, died at Peach Bottom, Pa. Moss, Madison B. , died at Paradise, Pa. Stephens, Wm. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., February 22, 1888. Sipple, Benj., died at Washington, Pa. Wright, Chas., died 1887. Wike, Geo. W. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Company H. Bulmer, Edward, died at Philadelphia, Pa. Bishop, Sam'l, died at Philadelphia, Pa., April 27, 1901. Cornell, Jesse, died at Galveston, Texas. Dinsmore, Jno., died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 13, 1895. Edmundson, H. G. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. *Fulmer, Michael, died April 19, 1899. Gormley, Jno. J., died at New Castle, Del., 1893. Howard, Lewis, died at Soldiers' Home, \'a. , 1903. Joynes, Richmond, died at Philadelphia, Pa., December, 1901. Kelly, Thomas, died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1903. Kelly, James, died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 2, 1888. Lane, Jos., died as East Brady, Pa., 1893. Murgatroyde, Jno., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 19, 1899. =i=Moore, Robt, died at Cross Keys, N. J. Morad, Peter, died at Philadelphia, Pa. McKim, Wm., died at Burhngton, N. J. McKnight, Jno. , died at Jersey City, N. J. McByrne, Chas., died at Soldiers' Home, Va. , October 3, 1897. Sterling, Hugh, died at Wheeling, W. \'a., February 24, 1902. Spear, David, died at Gloucester, N. J. StuU, Jno., died at Trenton, N. J. Schreiner, Jno. J. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Woodhouse, Geo. W. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., December 27, 1887. Wells, Jno. M., died at Burlington, N. J., October iS, 1894. *Wilson, Aug. H. , died at Turnersville, N. J. Wilson, Ed. B. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., 1904. Company L Atwood, Dan'l T., died at Darby, Pa., July 7, 1898. 428 HISTORY OF THE TWENTY-THIRD REGIMENT Company O Duross, Jas. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., February i8, 1903. Carroll, Edwin A., died at Philadelphia, Pa., December, 1885. Foley, jas., died at Philadelphia, Pa. Orr, Robt. L., died at Philadelphia, Pa., November 14, 1894. Ryan, Jno. W. , died at Philadelphia, Pa. Company F Clark, Sam'l, died at Philadelphia, Pa., May 18, 1896. Sobbe, Walter, died at Philadelphia, Pa., January 2, 1902. Company IV Albertson, Levi B. , died at Philadelphia, Pa., April 15, 1901. Fisher, Jos., died at Philadelphia, Pa., October 8, 1903. Jones, Wm., died at Philadelphia, Pa., March 19, 1890. Lippincott, Richard R., died at Rancocas, N. J., May 31, 1901. Steward, Sam'l P., died at Philadelphia, Pa., Mar 22, 1890.. PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTR\'. 429 TRIBUTE TO THE WOMEN OF THE UNION There were none who won more deservingly the title of heroes than the women of the Republic, while their kin were off to the front, the mothers, wives, sisters, and other fellow's sisters were cheering on the work by their loving messages, caring for the sick and wounded, providing for the aged and children, bearing all the privations and suffering uncomplain- ingly at home. The story of their devotion to the cause of their country will never be told. Medals of honor have been awarded by a grateful nation to its soldiers and sailors for distinguished conduct in action. What shall be the reward of these heroic and unselfish women ? While the Government cannot grant them recognition for their deeds of valor, the Survivors of the Twenty-third can assure them that they have the undying affection and veneration of the ones they loved, and as part of that great army and navy of the Union, they stand at attention and salute them for their heroism. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Page 60 — On 8th line, should read, U. S. A. Page 82 — On 38th hne, should read, Ninetieth (goth). Page 184— Roll of Co. I, add Corporal Lane died at Camp Graham. Page 187 — Original enlistment killed, should read 108. Page 217— Roll of Co. E, add Graham, James, discharged on Surg. cert. Page 236— List of Co. I, add Lane, Corporal, died Camp Graham. NOTE. The thanks of the organization is e.xtended to Comrade John L. Smith, late of the ii8th P. v., map publisher, Philadelphia, and to Colonel Noble D, Pres- ton, late of the loth New York Cavalry, Philadelphia, for the use of several cuts which appear in this publication. 430 INDEX. INDEX. Around Bivouac Fire , . Armstrong, Thos. J., Lieut. . Abercrombie, ]. ]., Brig. Gen. Abandoning Winter Camp . Ames, John C. . . . A Wounded Picket . Appelgate, David Along the Chickahominy . . Albany, Andrew ]. Ambulance Albertson, William H. . . . Additions and Corrections . B Burnside, Ambrose E., Maj. Gen. Burying a Comrade . Boyd, John G., Lieut. . . Buell, Don Carlos, Maj. Gen. Bantom, Henry W Battery Going Into Action . Born, Peter . Boyd, John . Baker, W. J Battle of Malvern Hill , Boyd, Robert . Brown, James . . . Bolestridge, James J. Birney, David B., Col., Maj. -Gen . Boggs, Thomas K. . . Bantom, William H. . 270, 13 45 65 75 84 !00 lOI 146 170 429 33 38 42 53 76 90 99 123 152 157 174 280 298 I 179 355 Curtin, Andrew G., Governor Craig, James M., Capt. Camp Graham Couch, Darius N., Maj. Gen. . Carroll, John Clark, George . Capt. Louis Hillebrand, ist .Sgt. William R. Peddle, Captain Cook, Clark, William, Major Colwell, James, Lieut. Crease, Henry . Crawford, George . . Colville, David . . Council of Administration Culberton, Ed. A. Cornell, Jesse . Gulp's Hill Chandler, J. D.,Quar. Mas Chadwick, Thomas I. Canteen, "Miles O'Reilly' Companies L. O. P. R. . . Company .Street, Camp Graham Crosby, John W. , Col 10 49 54 57 60 66 80 108 134 155 166 171 277 288 302 308 7 79 391 247 248-269 349 249 270 Chaplain Shinn's Oration, "Gettys- burg" , . 384-4 '3 Corn, Lawrence . . 387 California Joe .. . 4^3 D Delivering Papers . .12 Dougherty, John , . 94 Dash, Fire Dog . -125 Davenport, H. M .161 Dedication of Monument at Gettys- burg . 287-290 Duswald, Samuel C. . . . . . 304 Dare, Charles P., Col. i Dorsey, Thomas . 323 Donahue, Charles . . 359 Endorsement . . 4 Ernst, Henry . . 82 Eisenbarth, Ed. F. ... 104 Eberhardt. William iii Eckert, Oliver T. 150, 273 Elliott, Robert . . . 300 Elliott, Washington ... . 300 Ely, John, Col., Brig.-Gen . i Ely Medal . 335 Forebaugh, Sol .... 34 Franklin, W. B., Maj. Gen. 46 Festivities in Camp 70 Fire in Camp -95 Fassitt, John B., Capt. 120 Fritsch, Henry G., Capt. 131 Fow, Jacob . . 141 Fow, Daniel . 149 Field and Staff at Muster-out . 179 Finley, William . 272 Farran, William J. 277 Fraley, George \V. . . . 331 Fowler, William A. 347 FuUerton, James . . 371 Familiar Scene, 1863 . , . 374 Grant, LI. S., General 28 General Meade's Headquarters . Si Graham, William . . 102 Garsed, Joshua S., Lieut. . 107 Green, William . . . . 164 Griffiths, Richard A., Lieut. 169 Gibson, James ... . 281 Gibson, John , . . . 293 Glenn, John F. , Col. i, 179, 270 Graeber, Daniel ...... 277, 407 INDEX — Continued. 431 Hooker, Joseph, Maj. Gen. Habbermaker, Thomas. Harp, Jacob . Hazlett, Mathew Huber, Frederick . . Henry, James . Heyer, Jacob, Capt. . . Hickman, JobT., Lieut. . Huber, Charles F. Hogg, Charles Hickey, Patrick . Henderson, John Hahn, John . . Howell, George D. Introductory Johnston, James, Lieut. . Johnson, William . . Johnston, John R., Lieut. Johnson, Ale.xander Johnson, John G, 35 • 47 • • 52 92 1 06 . no • 135 • . 153 75, 277 • 177 78, 295 70, 365 ■ 340 ■ 250 , 41 64 116 289 305 E Keyes, Erasmus D., Maj. Gen. . 43 Keith, Jacob . , 85 Kelly, James 170 Lincoln, Abraham, The President 5 39 73, 277 Linton, William Linton, John S. . Linnard, James M., Capt. 87 Little, John E. . . .96 Little, William R. 119 Lynch, Frank, Lieut. . . . 124 Loyal Girl of Winchester . . 165 List of Battles in which was in- curred killed and wounded, 23d P. V. . . 187 List of Killed and Wounded of those transferred from 23d P.V. 188 Lady Friends at Dedication of 23d P. V. Monument at Gettysburg. 296 Lomax, Elias , , 297 Lapp, John 329 List of Names and Addresses of Those on the Trip to Gettys- burg ..... . . 375-383 List of those of the 23d P. \'. who have died since the muster-out of the Regiment . 422-428 M Meade, George G., Maj. Gen. 37 Marchant, Henry A., Capt. . 44 Malvern Hill House . 58 Maguire, William 86 Mullin, James 88 Myers, William H. . 91 Mitchell, George P. 117 . . . 127 .136 • • 145 160 . 286 299 277, 385 ■ • 327 367 ■ 369 . . . 400 Gen. 30 55 69 71 ■ 133 144 167, 277 . 167 172, 277 . 281 294 • 357 M Masland, James . . Milford, William W. . . Moffitt, John Maguigan, Frank, Sgt. Maj. Monument, 23d P. V. Maxwell, John, Capt. Miller, Richard J. Martin, Thomas ,S., Capt. Michals, Thomas H. Mickle, Aden B. . Mooney, John . .... McClellan, George B., Maj. McGinnis, John McKernon, John . McMichael, Hugh McFadden, Neil . McCorkill, Arch. McKinney, Joseph . McKinney, William McGinnis, James McClung, John ... McCormick, Michael McCabe, John . N Nice Day on Picket 4 Nothing Doing — Game at Cards 51 Newton, John, Maj. Gen. 59 Non-commissioned Staff . . . . 150 Neill, Thomas H., Col., Brig. -Gen i Newberg, Robert C. . 277, 353 Neville, F. A. . . 150 Note . 429 Officers — Survivors' Association . 270 Patterson, Robert, Maj. Gen. . 9 Palmer, Dewitt C. 89 Powell, Alexander 114 Palmer, George W. ... 154 Patterson, James . . 275 Pommer, G. A. . . . . 283 Palmer, Edwin, Capt. . . 303 Peifer, George F. 277, 336 Palmore, Stephen . 363 R Regimental Commanders .... i Record of Officers and Men of the 23d P.V. — 3 months' service. 14-27 Russell, Alberto. 61 Russell, David A., Maj. Gen. 63 Reen, John F. . 72 Roe, William R 122 Reminiscences — Camps Graham and Birney 126-127 Reminiscences — Warwick Court House, Yorktown, Williams- burg, Fair Oaks, Seven Days' Fight 128-139 Reminiscences — Bull Run and An- tietam Campaign . 140-141 432 INDEX — Continued. R Reminiscences — Fredericksburg, Marye's Heights and Salem Church Campaign . . . 142-150 Reminiscences — Gettysburg Cam- paign 151-155 Reminiscences — Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, Brandy Sta- tion, Johnson Island . 156-15S Reminiscences — North Anna and Cold Harbor Campaigns . 159-161 Reminiscences — Petersburg, Fort Stevens and Shenandoah Val- ley Campaigns . . . . 162-169 Roll of those who died in service, 23d P. V 180-185 Record of Officers and Men of the 23d P. \'., 3 years' service 189-247 Reunion, Fair Oaks . . 278-279 Reunion, Cold Harbor . . . 279 Reunion, Marye's Heights , 279-282 Roe, Jesse R. B. . . . 282 Reunion, Malvern Hill .... 282-285 Re-dedication of Monument at Gettysburg ... . 291-316 Right and Rear of Little Round Top 306 Rear of Left Centre . . .310 Roller, William C, Surg. ... 179 Rees, Henry, Jr., Maj. . 179 Rumney, John . 277 Roll of those who died in service. Companies 1 . O. P. R. 251-253 Record of Officers and Men, Cos. L. O. P. R. (formerly of the 23d P. V.) . . . 254-269 Reunion "Shaler's Brigade" . 317-374 Scott, Winfield, Lieut. Gen. 7 Stack Arms . 27 Shaw, Zachariah . . . . 31 Sheridan, Philip H., Maj. Gen. 40 Sedgwick, John, Maj. Gen. 48 Shaler's Brigade 56 Shaler, Alexander, Brig. Gen. 67 Shellady, John . 68 Schaffer, Anthony 74 Sweeney, James 77 Skirmishers . S3 Speakman, Louis J. . 115 Stokley, Joseph ... 130 Song — " 23d at Fair Oaks " 132 Smith, Archibald .... . 137 Song — " Seven Days' Fight',' . 138-139 Survivors' Association, 23d P \' 271-276 Sloan, William I) . 274 Survivors of 23d P. Y. at Dedica- tion of Monument ... . 292 .Song — " Guard the Flag " . .316 .Shinn, J. G., Chaplain 179, 270 Simon, Frederick P. 270, 320 Stengle, Philip . 277. 343 Staiger, Gottleib . 277, 351 Smallwood, Charles E. . 385 Sad News from the I'ront 185 Spence, Matthew . . 337 Slaysmen, Charles R. 345 Spear, George C, Col. . • 248 Snowden, Thomas W. . ■ 4°? Strenner, Lewis 4°? Survivors of 23d P.\'., names and addresses . 414-421 Title 2 Twenty-third P.V., 3 months' ser- vice 6-27 Thomas, George H., Maj. Gen. . . 8 Twenty-third P. \'., 3 years' ser- vice ... . . 29-247 Tate, Henry 62 Tate, James . 109 Taylor, Frank, Capt. . 124 "They Drank from the Same Canteen " 163 Table of Killed, Wounded, etc., 23d P. \'., 3 years' service . 186 Thomas, William . 285 " Talking it Over " . . . .301 " Thoughts of Loved Ones at Home" Tail Piece cut on Soldiers' Letter . 325 338 Tribute to the women of the Union 429 u Ups and Downs of Camp Life 148 Uber, William L. . 16S Uber, David H. 176 V Volunteer Refreshment Saloon and Cooper Shop . . w Winter Quarters . . . Williamson, James G., Lieut. Wright, Horatio G. , Maj. Gen Webster, Ira . . Wash from Same Canteen "Who Wants It?". . . , Wounded on Skirmish Line Wilson, John Wilhelm, Charles, Lieut. Col. White, Joseph H. Wood, George, Capt. Wray, William J. Webb, George E. . Wallace, William J., Lieut. Col Worth, Frank N. Weeks, Samuel Whirligig, Camp Graham. Warner, Martin Wilkins, Alexander P. 105 32 36 50 79, 150 93 97 98 103 118 121 . .129 17S, 270 . 284 179. 270 73 318 361 389 407 Yocum, Jacob PI Yeomans, G. W., Asst. Surg Young, John Zaun, John 112 143 147 78